The study aimed to determine the accuracy in delineating water bodies using sentinel, one data and propose a scheme for extracting water surface, which was achieved by combining SVM classification with probability map and VV polarization, resulting in accuracies better than 90% and above 80% when geometry errors were considered. This article was authored by Evelyn Marsha-Possa and Philippe Maillard.


Hi guys, I'm Justin and this is the Ball Swap Challenge. I'm thinking that I'm going to be the best in this one. That's what I'm thinking. Confidence is high. I repeat, confidence is high. My theory is to empty this box and then put this box actually a bit over this one and just try to flip it. Let's see if it works. Oh my gosh. I'm breaking everything here. I lost it already. Did I fill this one up? Oh my gosh. It was bad. My idea. It wasn't great. I'm happy, I'm happy. I need to be in the top three. Okay, okay. I take it, I take it.


What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards and grab our product Forgot to do that can't can't do a break without it Uh, we're ripping 2022 prison world cup soccer first off the line photo two box break number 20 random group style Here's a look again at your groups As always you can find these on the website under the results tab as well as the link and chat It's good luck here everybody Gotta sell out our first baseball break of the day that is gonna be um Where is it six box mlb mixer 22 tops pristine 22 bowman chrome baseball hobby Uh random team style. Uh, we did a couple of them on sunday. They're actually pretty fun, man It's a lot of good hit potential there. You're gonna get a ton of color between pristine and chrome Absolute like massive amounts of color, which is awesome. There's your first off the line Let's pull something crazy. Sean Coming up first it's gonna be bruno gumarez For brazil nice one there on the rookie brazil dany c group g group g dany c i'll jittery for my energy drink I didn't really need one today and i just took one anyway got uh hyper rookie moises casado for ecuador filipino cutino base Uh probably tomorrow six. I know it's not tonight But it should be probably tomorrow Uh blue shimmer coming up followed by a red behind it Good luck everybody. We've got four katar. That's gonna be abdul kareem. Hassan On the rookie numbered three of five. Congrats katar dany c with group a Nice one there dany Got a red to 399. That's gonna be jordan pickford for england to 399 Congrats to group b jeffrey h and we've got lataro martinez on the silver scores club for argentina Nikon trerez rickardo peppy rookie Got left off the roster unfortunately Feeling a big auto in these two breaks yawn Feeling a big auto I would say anything just under 99 we could recap 99 and under And then autos and shimmers Silver doosan blavich for serbia. We've got a ton of him in this so far Uh, there you go. Serbia dany c again new nomendas for portugal Silver bukaya saca nice one there for england. Congrats jeffrey h English england again or adams for the united states. Congrats on that. That's captain right there to 399 uh going to jeffrey h again and base Coming up here now That's gonna be a rookie. Uh syed ezil talli for iran again jeffrey h with that group In bin quayne. He's actually kind of a beast For uh, korea. Correct. Nice coming up now It's gonna be jerry and timbert for the netherlands Nice one there. Danny c with group a Daniel mallon also for the netherlands Some base Uh, looks like a purple mojo and an orange coming up And an orange we've got purple mojo Hunman sun there we go korea Congrats on that 36 out of 49 korea is you to see there you go buddy Saw him play in the mask In the world's cup that was awesome. You had the black like coby bryant mask Nice one here. This is going to portugal nuño mendez on the new era 14 out of 25 Congrats on that portugal. That's gonna be uh, you to see congrats. You to You to sweep and bolt those hits with the way up Gabby rookie on the back as well Good pack right there. Really good pack Still looking for our auto as well I don't think it's gonna be in here. We do have a silver yon summer going to switzerland Candid up face A silver coming up as well It's gonna be name our jr. Nice one brazil dany c pulled a hyper last break now We got a silver so we can get some color libya jeru and last pack We've got our auto. Good luck everybody. See something crazy and we got a purple too Auto is gonna be diego hotah. Nice one there for portugal or diego jota. I should say Portugal that's going to be you to see doing well with that portugal spot. There you go, buddy Nice one there on the international link blue shimmer auto by a purple going to korecia mario, uh, pasalich to 199 and silver rafina for brazil saudiomane in there and base all right Do it for box one of the break Congrats to everybody who hit there Still down to 17 on uh pristine and bowman chrome Get the guys that link as well very nice Back to my results. Good luck everybody. There's your first off the line sticker We've got our shimmer right off rip Good luck everybody It's gonna be nice. Sung you kim going to korea korea doing very well. I have to say three of five Uh, that's you to see Sung you kin We've got blue brendan erinson for the united states to 299. That's uh, jeff riech And silver jonathan david for canada on the scorch club Already pink coming up here. That's gonna be uh, iven uh, perisic for korea show one per box on the pink global reach, uh jaden sancho face The rain for a second silver is for Serbia, uh, uh, alexander mitrovic rafina face Silver mason mount going to england that's england This one there fabino for brazil That's going to be uh, piro hancape nice one there for ecuador to 399 Ecuador is dany c with group a Congrats dany for charles day cattle art for Belgium nice one there belgium grubeff with u to c Grubeff's doing really well. I have to say there's germy sarmiento. That's going to ecuador as well on the cracked ice not numbered wataro endo japan yon summer again for the united states To 399 very nice one here. I have to say going also to jeff riech in the u.s christian pulisic on the orange phenomenon Number nine of 25. Congrats on that one off jersey number jeff rie.  No, it's a blue shimmer. Just get it. Just get it. Just get it. I know. I know We've got wow Going to portugal joel felix in diego jota boom There you go, yuta. I think yuta swept the autos in this with just portugal. Nice duel Yeah, let's go portugal is right Congrats, that is awesome, man. What a hit for portugal. Get that mag for you purple is going to be uh ala riza god baron bond for iran to 199 silver jeremy doku for belgium pulisic base and base Last pack here. Good luck everybody. I mean, I'll if they have black shimmers to be honest They might have Make it so I just made it so I honestly cheer you in timber for the netherlands. Danny see She's gonna start talking about parallels that aren't even there. You see the green ice that came out of there earlier What? Oh, I know. Yeah. All right, let's do a quick recap everybody. So it's a pretty awesome break again. We had purple uh ala riza biran bond to 199 for iran uh orange new nomendes going to portugal That's diego jota for portugal again international ink. We had our two blue shimmers abdul kareem hassan defy for Qatar as well as sungyu kim for korea republic number to five We had hyunmin sun going to korea 36 out of 49 on the purple mojo We had dual auto if joao felix and diego hota going to portugal And we had christian pulisic nine out of 25 on the orange phenomenon for the usa That'll do it for the break guys. Thanks again for the fill next up. We've got another one of these


pagan dweud. Rhyw ddımвол ond i GwRaddinescyrch Chrswetwyr, am allMAng ddiwrnod ar gyfer cym Familybannu?ancies. Rhyw dd lam dd� i Gaelen i himfaf y Government yg Gaw difícili ffrindfa o Slogan. southMiddym sut iswag.Rwyth Davidson. Maent fawr iawn i ddim y gawr d notified失chidd yn dangos gweiteb gyfo wristsóaogi peithgawr o sgrifet, ddimol consultation hefyd hyn mae g Bean72 grant o nanud treo. Cirwyddus E�ilol panelsr yng Ngweithfaol I absolutely agree that the crime of rape should be treated with the utmost seriousness and severity.  I think that all of that is right and proper. Sentencing of course in individual cases is a matter for the courts and it would be wrong for me as First Minister to comment on any individual case, but in terms of community payback orders, these of course are a sentencing option available to courts. However, courts will make those judgments based on recommendations that take into account risk assessments, public protection and the background of the individual and where a non-custodial sentence is given, the court will have considered all relevant matters in that case. Individuals on community payback orders are also subject to robust and ongoing risk assessment and where appropriate that will include multi-agency public protection arrangements, but there is no doubt in my mind that the offensive rape or attempted rape should be treated with the utmost severity. Ruth Davidson I would like to thank the First Minister for that response and, while she recognises that 93 per cent of sentences regarding rape incur a custodial sentence, that leaves 7 per cent that do not. Once again this morning, we read of more evidence where that is the case, but those types of crimes are receiving a community payback order, one of this Government's key justice policies.   Surely everyone here can agree that rape crisis is right. The First Minister I have the utmost respect for the work that rape crisis does, and I absolutely agree that its views on all matters of rape and sexual offences should be listened to very seriously. I agree, and I have made that clear. Rape is one of the most heinous offences that can be committed in our society, and I believe that it is incumbent on all of us and everybody with any influence in the criminal justice system to make sure that the offensive rape is treated seriously. The simple point that I will make, and I genuinely hope that it is a point that Ruth Davidson will accept, is that, as First Minister, I do not decide on the individual sentences passed down by courts, that is rightly and properly a matter for courts. Before a court will make a decision on the appropriate sentence in any case, it will take account of a range of information and circumstances of the risk to the public, and of course the circumstances of the offender, including in many cases the age of the offender. I think that it is right in our society that it is courts the independent judiciary that decides on sentences, but, in setting policy, it is very clear to me that we need to treat rape and, indeed, other sexual offences with the seriousness that they merit. That is why I have pointed to the statistics in terms of rape cases. Custodial sentences are passed down in rape cases in a higher percentage of cases than for almost all other offences. The average length of custodial sentence is now longer. We are seeing through the criminal preceding statistics that the Crown Office is bringing more successful prosecutions for rape and attempted rape 125 convictions in 2014-15, which is up from 1989 in the year before that.  I hope that nobody across the chamber would doubt in any sense the seriousness with which we all take those issues, but I equally hope that members across the chamber will accept that fundamental point of principle about criminal justice in our society, that it is not politicians who decide sentences in individual cases, it is rightly courts who do so. I would like to thank the First Minister for the response and for the manner in which we are able to discuss it, because those are sensitive issues. I know that everyone in this chamber is united in our disgust at crimes such as those. The reason that I raise it today is that concerns with CPOs have been well documented for some time. The Scottish Government says that there are sanctions open to the courts when CPOs are breached, but every year we discover that nearly a third of orders are broken with scant evidence that people are punished. We know that one in five of those CPOs are handed out without any work requirement placed on criminals who receive them. I repeat that we on this side of the chamber absolutely accept the need for community sentences, but what is the First Minister doing to address those issues of CPOs? I think that Ruth Davidson is right to raise this issue generally, and I think that she is right to raise the particular issues around non-custodial sentences. Of course, we have to monitor, on an on-going basis, the effectiveness of non-custodial sentences such as community payback orders. As I said in an earlier answer, individuals on community payback orders are subject to robust and on-going risk assessment, where a community payback order is breached. It is open to the court to introduce different sanctions, including imprisonment for breach of the payback order. That is also the case. It is, I think, very pertinent to the issue of effectiveness of those disposals, which is one of the issues that Ruth Davidson is raising. Individuals who are released from a custodial sentence of six months or less are reconvicted more than twice as often as those who are given a community payback order instead. What that tells us is that non-custodial sentences such as CPOs, when they are handed down in appropriate circumstances, are more effective than short-term prison sentences in reducing re-offending. I absolutely accept that those are issues of the utmost seriousness, and we have to look at all the evidence. I hope that all of us would agree that, where it is appropriate—and I absolutely stress where it is appropriate—keeping people out of prison—and I am not talking here about particular offences, but in general terms—where it is appropriate, keeping people out of prison and helping to rehabilitate them in the community so that they are less likely to re-offend is, in general terms, a good thing—none of that, absolutely none of that takes away from the seriousness of certain types of offences, which should always be treated with the utmost seriousness by our courts. Ruth Davidson I think that we can all agree that reducing re-offending is important, but people and the public must have confidence that the sentence is appropriate for the crime, and that does include punishment. The trouble is, I am afraid, that too often the response from ministers is simply to declare that the system is working fine and that everyone should just accept it. However, CPOs are not working fine, First Minister. There is an SMP creation and this Government's policy, but we have learned again today that they are being applied to serious crimes like rape when they should not be, up to a third of them are breached, and up to a fifth of them do not contain any punishment element at all. I believe that we now need a calm, considered fresh review by the Scottish Government on the way that CPOs are being handed out. Will the First Minister take that action, because it is so obviously needed? First Minister, again, can I say that the issue in this morning's media that is given rise to Ruth Davidson's questions, I read that and of course share the concern that many people will experience, but I would make a number of points to Ruth Davidson. Firstly, she may or may not be aware—that's not meant as any criticism—that there was an independent evaluation published in 2015 of CPOs that showed that they are viewed with a degree of confidence by most sheriffs and are seen as an improvement on previous community sentences. It is also the case that those given a CPO are less likely to re-offend and be reconvicted. Again, we have statistics that bear that out. It is also important to say that CPOs can include electronic monitoring sanctions if there is non-compliance with them. Anyone who breaches a CPO and fails to take up the opportunity that a non-custodial sentence like that presents for them will find themselves facing sanctions, and those sanctions include imprisonment. In terms of the most recent figures that we have for 2014-15, 17 per cent of CPOs were revoked due to them being breached. Again, trying to find a note of consensus here, I actually agree that, when somebody commits a crime, as well as thinking about how we rehabilitate and reduce the risk of re-offending, of course there has to be a punishment element to the sentence that is passed down. We have to, in our policy framework, get that balance right and then we have to entrust the decisions in individual cases to the independent judges and sheriffs who make those decisions. My responsibility as First Minister, and it is one that I take very seriously, is to make sure that we get the policy framework right. In seeking to do that, we will always listen to views and we will certainly always look at the evidence that tells us whether or not non-custodial sentences are being effective or not. I would hope that all members across the chamber would feed into that, but we must also accept that, having set the policy framework and set the policy objectives, we must trust the independent judiciary to make the decisions that they deem appropriate in individual cases. It would be absolutely wrong. I suspect that, in fairness, Ruth Davidson would probably be one of the first to say that it was wrong if I, as First Minister, started to pass comment on the individual sentences passed down by judges. I think that we have got the right framework in place, but that is not to say that the framework is perfect or that it cannot be improved. I want to say in all sincerity to members across this chamber that we will continue to consider and to evaluate where necessary to make changes in the interests of keeping the public safe and making sure that we are doing what we need to do to reduce re-offending. Question 2, Kezia Dugdale. To ask the First Minister when she will next meet Alzheimer's Scotland. With yesterday being World Alzheimer's Day, I want to pay tribute to the invaluable work that Alzheimer's Scotland and indeed other sector organisations do to support people with dementia and their carers in our local communities. The Minister for Mental Health will this afternoon speak at the annual National Dementia Awards. In addition, Alzheimer's Scotland's national dementia carers action network and the Scottish Dementia working group meet with the Minister for Mental Health at least twice a year. Kezia Dugdale. I thank the First Minister for that answer. Between 2010 and 2015, the Tories cut Scotland's block grant by 5 per cent. That is an economic policy that damages our public services and increases the inequality in our country. It is an economic policy that we should reject. Does the First Minister agree with me that this Parliament should act as a block to Tory cuts? First Minister. Kezia Dugdale knows that I agree with that. Kezia Dugdale also knows, because we have discussed this many times in the past, that before we have a debate in this chamber about who in Scotland bears the burden of Tory austerity, we should first unite to try to stop Tory austerity happening in the first place. Kezia Dugdale is right to point out that, according to the Fraser of Allander report, the Tories have cut Scotland's budget in the years since 2010 by 5 per cent in real terms. She will also know that that report looks to the future and says that there is a likelihood of further Tory cuts to Scotland's budget of up to £1.6 billion by the end of this Parliament. We have a new chancellor of the Exchequer who has said—I am prepared at this stage to take him at his word—that he is going to reset economic policy. I would hope that Kezia Dugdale will join those of us on those benches to say to the Tories, put an end to austerity, put an end to austerity at source and do it now. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I am glad that the First Minister can agree with me that Tory cuts of 5 per cent are unacceptable. How can it be that today's Accounts Commission report shows that the SNP has cut local council funding not by 5 per cent but by 11 per cent? The SNP has not just passed on Tory cuts, but it has doubled those Tory cuts. The report tells us who is paying the price. Older people who need help to get washed are not getting it. Elderly folk who, five years ago, would have had help with their meals are not getting it. The number of elderly Scots getting any care at all has fallen by 12 per cent. What is worse is that we know that the SNP is planning more cuts to councils, and cuts to councils are cuts to care. The First Minister has the power to stop those cuts. Why won't she use it? Of course, in terms of the most recent figures that we have available in terms of the out-turn figures, social work spending has increased by 6 per cent in real terms since this Government took office. Social care spending has increased by 5 per cent in real terms since 2008-09. Both of those figures are from 2008-09 until the most recent figures that we have available. Of course, in terms of the report published by the Accounts Commission today, it is an important report, and it has lots of, I think, very important messages for all of us. It says that if we keep doing things the same way as we are doing, then there will be an additional financial burden on social care services by the end of this Parliament. Of course, that is why we have integrated health and social care, the biggest reform of health and social care services since the establishment of the national health service, making sure that we are finding better ways of delivering services, more prevention, more community-based services to reduce admissions to hospitals and care homes. It was in my party's manifesto—I do not think that it was included in Kezia Dugdale's manifesto—that we are going to invest an additional £1.3 billion over this Parliament in health and social care partnerships. The first instalment of that, of course, has been the £250 million transferred into health and social care partnerships in this financial year. We know that we face the challenge of an ageing population, and we are determined on this side of the chamber to face up to and work with local councils to address that challenge. The question that Kezia Dugdale has to answer is this. When she concedes the point, Kezia Dugdale concedes that one of the pressures—the biggest pressure on the Scottish Government budget—is cuts being imposed by a Tory Government. Even though Kezia Dugdale accepts that the Tories, if Jeremy Corbyn is re-elected in Saturday, are going to be in power for many, many, many years, she simply expects us to shrug her shoulders and accept that. I do not think that that is good enough. The First Minister tells the chamber that she has put £250 million extra into health and social care. What she forgot to tell the chamber was that she took £500 million out last year, and that is why we had to go against our budget. The truth is that the Accounts Commission report tells us that overall spending is falling, First Minister. In fact, it says that those cuts are unsustainable. The truth is that they do not have to happen. I am only asking Nicola Sturgeon to do what she has wanted to do her entire political life, make different choices from the Tories. When she writes her budget in the coming weeks, the First Minister will face a choice. She can double down with even more cuts to care, or she can back Labour's plans to use the powers of this Parliament. What is it to be, First Minister? Kezia Dugdale does not oppose Tory austerity. She wants to shift the burden of Tory austerity on to working people the length and breadth of this country. I would say to her that she put that proposition to the people of Scotland just four months ago, and she is sitting on that side of the chamber because her party came third in the Scottish Parliament election. We will continue to face up to the challenges in our social care services. That is why we have integrated health and social care, something that in all the years that Labour would empower, it has shied away from doing. It is why we are taking the difficult steps of transferring resources from acute health services into health and social care partnerships to build up the capacity of our social care services and help to develop more community services to keep our older people where appropriate out of hospital and care homes and enable them to stay in their own homes. It is why we are taking all of those actions and why we will reflect very carefully on the Accounts Commission report to inform the decisions that we continue to take. Those are the serious decisions that this Government will continue to take. I say again to Kezia Dugdale that I would ask her to reflect on the position that she and her party are in. She stands up regularly and says that the future looks to be a Tory future in terms of the Westminster Government. Yet she has the nerve to come here and lecture me about the implications of Tory cuts that her party are powerless to do anything about. The Labour Party is a complete and utter shambles and perhaps should be taking more responsibility for the Tory's ability to continue to impose cuts on Scotland. 3. Patrick Harvie Thank you to ask the First Minister when the Cabinet will next meet. Tuesday. Last week, a newspaper levelled a serious allegation against the Scottish Government. SNP pledged to sabotage cuts to benefits. For once in my life, I do hope that the Daily Mail has it right. The Scottish Greens have published detailed proposals showing how around 13,000 people a year could be protected from the benefit sanctions regime if devolved employment programmes refused to cooperate with that sanctions programme. I welcome the words that we have heard from Angela Constance. While we cannot stop the UK Government putting conditions on work-related benefits, we are not going to be giving them any information or responding to inquiries if we think that that might lead to a sanction. I welcome that, but I would like to understand the scope of it. Can the First Minister confirm if that commitment goes beyond the already announced voluntary schemes in relation to disabled people and people with long-term health conditions, or will that be the universal approach for all people participating in devolved work programmes under the Scottish Government? The First Minister Thank you, Patrick Harvie, for raising an important issue. I think that Patrick Harvie knows, and the tenor of his question suggests that he knows how serious the Scottish Government is in introducing a social security system with the limited social security powers that we will be getting that have dignity and humanity at their heart. The sanctions regime imposed by the Tories in its current form breaches those principles. I know that from the many people I see in my surgeries, and we will all see those people who have sanctions imposed on them for reasons that they should never ever face those circumstances. As we develop the detail of the system that we are putting in place, we want to make sure that we mitigate the effects of that as far as we possibly can. Do not co-operate in a scheme that is about piling human misery on human misery. As Patrick Harvie knows, we have embarked on consultations that will lead to a social security act bill in this chamber over the next year, and the fine detail of that will flow from the consultation work that we are doing. However, the principles that Angela Constance has articulated are very clear. I look forward to having the assistance and co-operation of Patrick Harvie and his colleagues, and people from across the chamber, or at least from most parts of the chamber, in helping us to put in place that system that, in its detail, lives up to the principles that we have articulated. Patrick Harvie. I am grateful for that answer. It does sound as though the First Minister has gone further than in the past. It does sound as though we are going to see employment programmes that are all voluntary and do not impose socially harmful and counterproductive sanctions on people in Scotland. Another aspect of the consultation that the First Minister referred to is around young carers and the need to have an additional allowance that respects and reflects their position in life and the work that they do. Does the First Minister also acknowledge that a great deal of the impact will be alleviated on them if we address the financial aspects and ensure that a young carer's allowance is seen in financial terms, not only in terms of benefits and kind? First Minister. Again, I agree with the thrust of Patrick Harvie's question. The point of employment programmes should be to genuinely help people into work, not to put in place a system full of tripwires that they fall over and end up being sanctioned as a result. That will be the ethos behind the devolved employment programmes that we put in place. In terms of the young carers allowance, Patrick Harvie will know that that was one of the things from the Green Party's manifesto that we have agreed to consider. We are in the process of considering how that could best work to give effective help to young carers. Indeed, I was just in the last couple of days reading an update on the early discussions that we have had around the development of that policy. We haven't come to conclusions yet on what the best scheme would be, but we will do that shortly. I look forward to another policy from this Government that is about recognising the work that carers do, in particular young carers, and the impact that their caring responsibilities have on their life and the responsibility of all of us to help them to live a full life, notwithstanding those responsibilities. Again, I look forward to the co-operation of Patrick Harvie and his colleagues as we develop that policy. To ask the First Minister what issues will be discussed at the next meeting of the cabinet. Matters of importance to the people of Scotland. New figures show that children in Scotland can wait two years for mental health treatment. The Scottish Government promised that it would receive treatment within 18 weeks. That promise has not been kept this year or last year. Why is the First Minister letting those children down? Again, I would say to Willie Rennie that this is a really important issue. I do not agree with that characterisation. Scotland was the first country in the world, I think, to introduce a target for access of children and adolescents to mental health treatment. We recognise that we have more work to do to make sure that all children and young people get the access to mental health services that we think they deserve. We have been increasing investment in mental health services. We have been increasing the number of clinicians working in mental health services. We have had a substantial increase in the number of psychologists working with young people with mental health issues. Of course, as I think we covered in First Minister's questions two weeks ago, we are seeing a significant rise in demand for those services. While that puts pressure on services that we have a responsibility to meet, we should welcome that increase in demand to the extent that it shows that young people are now more able to come forward, because the stigma around mental health is decreasing. Our mental health strategy, which we will publish shortly, backed by £150 million of new resources, shows the seriousness with which we take this issue. We will continue to take the steps to improve services so that all young people get access that they need and deserve. The First Minister says that the problem is that more young people are asking for help. It is not their problem, it is the Government's problem for not being ready. We saw this coming. We have warned about this. We have a plan to invest in primary care, emergency services and for young people. What was the response from the SNP Government? It was to delay spending £70 million available for mental health support because they could not get their strategy agreed on time. Will the First Minister commit to spending that £70 million on services for young people today? I think that Willie Rennie is raising an important issue, but I think that he should try to engage with it in a way that will help all of us to face up to and address that important issue. The first thing is that it is not fair of Willie Rennie. Anybody who has been watching this exchange will know that it was not fair for Willie Rennie to say that I described more young people coming forward for help as a problem. I did not. I said that that was a good thing that we should welcome. I went on to say that it was my responsibility and the responsibility of the Government to make sure that services can meet that increased demand. To be fair, that is what I said. I also set out some of the actions that we are taking. Willie Rennie talks about spending. We have set out plans to invest in additional £150 million in mental health services, £54 million to reduce waiting times, and we are going to spend £10 million to support new ways of improving mental health in primary care settings, something that, to be fair to Willie Rennie, he has repeatedly raised £15 million specifically to support better access to child and adolescent mental health services and a range of other initiatives that are all about positively recognising the increase in demand and making sure that we are taking the steps to meet that demand. I absolutely accept that it is for the Opposition parties to put pressure on the Government to scrutinise the Government to hold the Government to account, but I also would hope that, on this really vital issue, we can try to find a degree of consensus as well. I think that this is one of the most serious issues that we face as a society, not just about treating young people with mental health problems, but also about preventing mental health problems. Of course, there is a much bigger discussion that we could have about that. However, the Government is absolutely committed to the action that we have set out, and I genuinely hope that we will have the support of Willie Rennie as we implement those actions. To ask the First Minister if she agrees with me that depicting women who serve in public life as sexual predators, or, as I quote, as poor excuses for women, or refers to them with homophobic slurs, can never be excused as amusing satire but is in fact crass and deeply offensive. Yes, I do. I do not know specifically what comments Annie Wells is referring to there. If it is the incident at the weekend, then of course. Again, this is serious. I, as I hope that everybody would know, even my sternest critics would accept that I would never ever condone homophobia, and I genuinely hope that there is nobody across this chamber who would argue with that. Some of the terminology that we have heard used in satire over recent days is terminology that I would never use. It is terminology that I do not condone, and it is terminology that I can well understand that people would be offended by. I also, though, would say that it is not appropriate—I do not think that it is not reasonable to describe, for example, a lesbian woman who has been out as a lesbian for 30 years, because she personally is not offended by some of that as homophobic. Let us all unite in condemning homophobia, because that is what we are just talking about mental health, and some of the reasons for mental health problems with LGBT young people come from homophobia and homophobic bullying. Let us bring a bit of seriousness to this issue, not use it all the time. I take responsibility here, and those comments are targeted at me and my party as much as anybody else's. However, let us not use those things as often to throw things at each other as politicians. Let us instead unite as a Parliament to say that homophobia has no place in our society, and we should all challenge it at all occasions. The First Minister will be aware of the significant support for the community maternity unit at the Vale of Leven hospital, which I was pleased to visit with her in the past. Will she ensure that the health board's proposal to close the unit is designated as a major service change and therefore must be subject to sign off by Scottish ministers? As Jackie Baillie knows, the decision about whether a particular service change is deemed a major service change is one that is taken in consultation with the Scottish Health Council. Those discussions are on-going in terms of the changes that Greater Glasgow and Clyde have put forward. Of course, the health secretary will ultimately make that determination once that recommendation has come to her. The proposal that Jackie Baillie talks about, as well as some of the other service change proposals that were put forward by Greater Glasgow and Clyde, are proposals that they must be consulted upon and properly considered, with the interests of patients absolutely at their heart. Of course, where they are major service change, the ultimate decision will lie with the health secretary. Jackie Baillie talked about her visit some years ago to the community midwifery service at the Vale of Leven hospital. That was at the time, of course, when, as health secretary, I was working hard to secure and safeguard the Vale of Leven, which, at the time that I took office and this Government took office, was under serious threat from the Labour Administration that preceded us. The Vale of Leven hospital got a future because of the decisions that this Government will take, and we will always act in the interests of local health services. To ask the First Minister for her reaction to the death of a young boy outside his school in my constituency last week, and whether she thinks that traffic exclusion zones around schools should be more widely considered. First, can I say that any loss of life in Scotland's road is a terrible tragedy, but the death of a young child is especially poignant, and our thoughts are with this young boy's family and friends at this unimaginably awful time for them. It is, of course, for local authorities to decide on road safety measures around schools, and they do so in consultation with parents and local residents, and according to the specific circumstances in which schools are situated. Innovative measures such as the traffic exclusion zone recently trialled in Haddington, as I understand it, could certainly be part of those considerations. I would encourage local authorities, where it is appropriate, to consider proposals like that. I think that we would all agree that the safety of children must be paramount. To ask the First Minister what plans the Scottish Government has to honour Scotland's Paralympians. First, I am sure that everyone in the chamber and across Scotland is proud of the achievements of the 33 Scottish Paralympians, who were part of Team GB and the 17 medals that they have brought home to Scotland with them. I am certainly looking forward to welcoming home our Paralympians and Olympians reception next week at Oriam, our new national sports performance centre at Herriot-Watt University. That event will be followed by a public event at Festival Square here in Edinburgh. We are all proud of all of our Paralympic athletes, but I can perhaps make a special mention of Libby Clegg and Joe Butterfield. As well as winning their gold medals, they also set new world records, something to be doubly proud of. I thank the First Minister for that answer. I am sure that she will concur that the success of Team GB shows just how much hard work has been put in by coaches and athletes supported by their families. For Scotland to increase its medal tally from 11 in 2012 to 17 this year is truly heartening. As a strong supporter of this Ayrshire girl can, does the First Minister agree that a silver medal won by Abbey Cain of Largs, swimming the 100m backstroke, is particularly inspirational? To what extent will the new £12 million Parasports facility now being built in Largs aid Scotland's future Paralympians? I agree entirely with Kenny Gibson's comments about Abbey Cain. Abbey Cain made Team GB at the age of 13. That is an inspiration in itself. She then, of course, went on to win a silver medal in Rio, which is absolutely fantastic. I think that she has single-handedly demonstrated to a whole generation of young people and young girls in particular what they can achieve by hard work and dedication. I absolutely salute her prowess and her bravery and the sheer delight that she has given us all in the competition over the past couple of weeks. In terms of investment, we have made a direct investment of £6 million into the overall investment in Sport Scotland's national centre, Inverclyde, which will open in spring 2017. This fully inclusive facility has been designed to enable athletes to train and stay to specifically aid preparations for future games. I am sure that that is something that Kenny Gibson will welcome. Importantly, the centre will also be available to members of the local community, and therefore it will provide a valuable asset to the area to people who may never be Olympic or Paralympic athletes, but nevertheless enjoy and should be encouraged to enjoy sport. Dean Lockhart To ask the First Minister what action the Scottish Government is taking to reduce waiting times for young people referred to mental health services in Forth Valley and across Scotland. The continued increase in demand for mental health services for young people shows, as I have just been saying, that in the past there were far too many children who were unseen and whose need was unmet. To respond to that, we have doubled the number of psychologists working in CAMHS services. We are also investing again, as I have just said, an additional £150 million over this Parliament, and we will be publishing our new mental health strategy at the end of this year. The Minister for Mental Health has been clear with all NHS boards that any falls in performance towards our target of 90 per cent of young people being seen within 18 weeks is not good enough and that we need to improve that performance. Our £150 million investment includes almost £5 million for a mental health access improvement team, and it has already started work with NHS Forth Valley. Dean Lockhart I thank the First Minister for that response. Clearly any additional support to urgently address this concerning situation is to be welcomed. However, as has been mentioned, since the 18-week referral time target was introduced in December 2014, the number of young people in NHS Forth Valley who started treatment within this timeframe has fallen from 56 per cent to only 28 per cent, making this region one of the worst-performing in Scotland. My concern, First Minister, is that this 28 per cent is not just a number. It highlights that there are many young people who are in desperate need of support. That is the case not just in Forth Valley but across many areas of Scotland, and evidence shows that over half of all diagnosable mental health problems start before the age of 14. It is vital that young people in my region and in other areas get the help that they urgently need when they need it. Will the First Minister therefore listen to the calls from the Scottish Children's Coalition services to develop an urgent action plan for boards that need urgent support such as NHS Forth Valley? It is not just a question of more money, it is a question of more expertise being made available. Will she encourage the Minister for Mental Health to join me and meet the representatives from the health board to see how we can best address this urgent and concerning situation? The Minister for Mental Health would be, of course, happy to meet the member, and we will discuss those issues with health boards on an on-going basis. Dean Lockhart is absolutely right. It is something that I and all of us have to constantly remind ourselves of. I regularly quote statistics in this chamber that we all do, but behind every one of those statistics is a human being. That is a very timely reminder for all of us. That is why it is so important. First, not to see the increase in demand as a problem, but to see it as a sign that more young people are coming forward for help that previously they did not get, and then to recognise our responsibility to meet that demand. In terms of Forth Valley, the performance is unacceptable and that has been made clear to them. Dean Lockhart is also right to make the point that it is not just about extra investment, although it is receiving help through extra investment, but it is also about expertise, which is why I will draw his attention to the last part of my first answer to him, that we have established a mental health access improvement team, and that team has already started working with Forth Valley so that that expertise, as well as the additional investment, can be brought to bear in bringing those waiting times down in the way that we expect to see. Bruce Crawford I wonder whether the First Minister agree with me that it is probably high time that some members recognise that a huge effort has been put in on the ground to improve mental health services, particularly in Forth Valley. For instance, in Forth Valley, there has been a complete redesign of service with significant additional investment in CAMHS, leading to a big increase in activity over the past year. Can the First Minister confirm what extra investment and support has been made to help our dedicated professionals who deserve our praise to improve their service? I think that Bruce Crawford is also right that we have to remember the dedication of the people working in the front line here. They are facing increased demand, but the fact that waiting times in some areas are not as good as we would want them to be is not down to any lack of dedication or hard work on their part. That is why I come back to the point that our responsibility is to increase capacity to meet that extra demand. In terms of Forth Valley, as I have already said, it is receiving support from our new team and from Healthcare Improvement Scotland to help them to deliver on their redesign, and Bruce Crawford is right to mention that redesign. We are also investing an additional £1.3 million in Forth Valley over the next four years to support reductions in waiting times specifically and a further £725,000 over three years to support innovation in the delivery of CAMHS. That is in addition to the £1.5 million provided this year to the board to support further development in specialist CAMHS services, workforce and delivery. There are intensive efforts being made to support those at the front line to deliver those services. That will be replicated across Scotland in different ways so that we can see services that are capable of meeting the increased demand that young people are creating by coming forward because the stigma of mental health is thankfully beginning to reduce. I agree with the First Minister that progress has been made to reduce the stigma around mental health, but we have heard about the increasing waiting times and there is no escaping that. This week, the Scottish Health Survey revealed a postcode lottery with children and young people in the most deprived communities, more likely to have lower levels of good mental health. Last week, 10,000 members of the 38-degrees campaign group took the time to reply to the Government's consultation, which closed on Friday, to say that more investment is required. Does the First Minister, although an additional funding, be welcomed? Does the First Minister share concerns that I do that £150 million, which is over five years, might not be enough and what steps will be taken by the mental health minister to keep that under review? The First Minister is right in many of the points that she has made there, particularly to draw attention to the link between deprivation and mental health. That is very much in our minds as we develop the mental health strategy. She referred to a number of people who have submitted views to the strategy consultation, and those views will be taken into account. The £150 million investment is for a range of targeted improvements to increase capacity and improve waiting times. That is not just about throwing a particular sum of money, it is about dedicated targeted money to deliver specific improvements. Of course, we will keep that under review as we implement the new mental health strategy, but there is an absolute determination on the part of the mental health minister and on the part of the Government as a whole to make sure that we have services in Scotland that can meet the increased demand for mental health services. I will go back to what I said earlier, which Monica Lennon was right to hint at. It is as much about prevention as it is about treatment. We have a bigger debate—we are not alone here—a bigger debate as a society about how we improve the mental wellbeing of young people and not just treat the mental health problems of young people. I hope that that is something that this Parliament, over the life of it, can really get its teeth into. Mike Rumbles Does the First Minister agree with me that the biggest single thing that she could do to treat this issue is to have a specialist in every surgery across Scotland? That is the biggest spend-to-save initiative that she could ever make. We do agree that there needs to be more services in primary care. I indicated that in a previous answer. We are committed to more link workers working in primary care settings to improve the experience that patients have there. In principle, I agree with the sentiment of the question. I caution against anybody in an issue that is as complex as this one, in suggesting that there is one magic bullet solution. There are a whole range of things that we need to do here to improve prevention and to improve treatment and access to services. That is why the comprehensive holistic strategy that we have produced by the end of this year is so important. The point that was raised by Mike Rumbles will certainly have a part to play in that, but there are a whole range of other things that we need to do as well. That concludes First Minister's questions. We now move to members' business. I would ask members to leave the chamber quite quietly.


What's up guys Evil D here and today I want to speak to you about something that's fascinated me recently But before I jump into that I just want to say something so a lot of time I speak about language evolution and how it affects Esperanto on this channel and a lot of people get their panties in a twist They're like no language evolution can't happen with Esperanto if that happens will break up the dialects And then suddenly we won't understand each other and then then it'll completely like self-explode and I'm like whoa Dude take a step back here. Let's look at some history and how dialects actually form So there's two main ways dialects form one social reasons to language isolation And that's the main one okay, so you look at the history for instance Australian English British English and American English And the reason our English is are all slightly different like we all speak them slightly differently is one because we've all been affected by other languages And to the fact that would been isolated for a period of like at least 200 years almost 300 years in some cases Where there was no mass media. There was no Internet there was no TV to set a standardization for the languages Now if you look at it nowadays because I'm an actor as an Australian actor, we all have to learn one accent Okay, it's called as standard Australian accent Okay, and then the Americans have got standard American you go for your television unless you're trying to emphasize a dialect But they all learned one accent and they use that on TV and we all use one accent We use it on TV and I'm sure the Brits do the exact same thing and the reason being is it helps set a standardization And it helps with Understandability and so that people don't get distracted and go well Where's he from and what's happened to as a result of that over time is that if cuz I'm from our back Australia Okay, is that what happens is the English starts to standardize like we've got Kind of several dialects in Australia and one you've got like kind of deep out back You got down south and then you got kind of up north But what's happened is if you go to the cities you pretty much can't tell where anyone's from because we'll speak kind of the same Australian English Now even as I grew up my English has slowly changed like when I was growing up I'd pronounce with the th more for with and that was because of the German influence the heavy German influence in the Areas where I was growing up because a lot of them were originally German immigrants and that's how they spoke But now I speak just like everyone else and that's due to mass media like television all that type of stuff setting a standardization of how we speak English now Obviously that kills off dialects over time dialects are gonna disappear and I've read numerous articles about how dialects are Disappearing in some places in America. Obviously I've witnessed it here in Australia as time goes on dialects slowly disappear They still exist, but they're becoming more and more mitigated and I assume like in 50 years or so They just won't exist with a couple more generations. Now, that's that there's isolation The other one you have is social status. So like for instance, you look at the Queen's English. She when she was growing up I remember watching a documentary on this her English the way she spoke it was very what you'd call upper class Okay, because she was educated in a very particular way unlike the rest of society and the people within her level within that upper class Echelons they all spoke English in a certain way and you could kind of tell who was from what social standing but as time has gone by and You know those the education systems become more standardized and we all kind of are on the same plane kind of obviously not all But we're all more inclined to be on the same plane What's happened is obviously then the English language that she even speaks has become more standardized as society itself is now Changing the way she speaks and that I watched this documentary on how her English The way she speaks that has slowly changed over time to become more standardized from the very upper-class type of an upbringing She had so it's very interesting to see how one you got social and then to you got isolation and with Mass media these slowly start to disappear because we all now hear the same English and slowly we start to speak the same English So when people say oh my god dialects are gonna form and it's gonna destroy everything with Esperanto No, it's not gonna happen. It will never happen because of you know mass media The only way it's gonna happen is if the internet suddenly explodes We will go back to the dark ages and then most likely Esperanto would disappear because there's no big groupings of us anyway We're all over the place, but yeah, that's one thing and another thing is I recently read a article That was written by us. I'm not sure who was written by I forgot the name now But I'll put a link down there if I find it again. It was a study that was done on native Esperanto speakers I think five different families and the way that natives actually make the language more logical and when you think about it That's a good thing and I'll show you what I mean by more logical in a second But before I jump into that I just wanted to speak about my experiences I've traveled for Europe and I've gone for a few places I've actually met quite a fair few native Esperanto speakers and they generally speak Esperanto exactly like the people around them There's no difference in the way they speak and even if they became the majority something very unlikely But they there will definitely be a lot of native Esperanto speakers in the next generation or so Even if they became the majority They would still speak the language more and more logically as each generation goes along because one That's at the heart of the language short natives. They don't really care about that but two It's just the way the language is evolved. It's evolving more and more logically. That's just how it is now I want to give you some examples of native speakers now this first word might offend a few of you grumpy old You know prudes, but there was a native kid and he was he was in the shower and he was talking with his parents and He mentioned Peniso which means penis, okay, and he looked at the mum and he didn't know the word for the female You know sexual organ, whatever you want to call it. So what he then said was penicino He basically just grabbed peniso which means penis and he made it female by chucking their insuffix Onto the word and when you think about it, that's highly logical if you follow the logic of Esperanto grammar Okay, the way the language is built now Obviously if you're one of those people who wants to reform the language or whatever, you know, you're in you're you're going down that path That's probably gonna make you a little bit grumpy But it makes sense according to the rules of Esperanto and it also is more logical if you follow the rules completely now The traditional rules now another word we use the word battery, okay? Obviously and the word for battery is batterio. Now what this kid did is he didn't know the word so he used the next logical choice He said electruio, which means an electric container. It contains electricity That is highly logical to me like why didn't we use that word in the first place? It's so much more logical than batterio, which is unless you know the original meaning of the word then You know, you have to well you have to learn the whole word obviously, but electruio And that's that's completely logical and it saves on learning a new root word another one was a Kid said um instead of frotti lanazo in which is rub the noses, okay? He said um nazi, which means to nose that makes sense What else can you do with your nose apart from smell for things and that's falati? So, you know just rub nose it makes complete sense Another one said bushy to kiss That makes sense as well because there's only so many things you do with your mouth if you speak patoli you eat manji and To kiss well, I guess you could say kissy, but if he hasn't learned that word yet bushy which is to do mouth You know that makes sense it saves on having to learn another word Like I'm not saying that these words are gonna replace the the words that every other Esperanto is using But it just it's logical in the language now for us Since we've we don't come from like like an Esperanto thinking background We all come from our own native languages and we don't too mouth someone in any language. I don't know I don't know every language. Maybe you're doing some but in Esperanto. Um, you say kissy But for a kid who's growing up for these logical Rules of how the language works like he doesn't know the rules. He just instinctively knows it make a it makes sense Another one was lungetti, which means to lick or to small tongue and that makes sense If you look at for instance, the DD and the DDT, you know smile and um to laugh It is to laugh that makes sense because he's taking that same type of concept and he's applying it to tongue lungi It's really quite clever. Another one was malmeteno for nighttime or malvesped off or morning Makes sense to me and when you think about it, it's quite clever It's done like mal is used quite a bit in Esperanto So you'd think a kid would start natively using it with like freaking everything the things we wouldn't think about Another one a kid was talking to his mum about the fact that when she's no longer pregnant They'll be able to do all these things together and he said malgraveda, which means unpregnant Well, normally you just say when you're no longer pre-pregnant in like Esperanto It's that's what you would say But this kid just natively extended the use of mal and just applied it to graveda malgraveda Unpregnant makes sense and it's actually a lot more simplistic than what else you would normally say in Esperanto I'm another one a kid used was Seiji to chair and he used that in the way of meaning to sit Because a chair is only ever used really for sitting so he just applied that logic and when Seiji, you know Seiji sura kusenon to chair on the cushion to sit on the cushion. It made sense to him when you think about it Yeah, it makes sense. It's pretty clear. Now this one I actually read somewhere else This was someone else speaking about a native speaker and the word that he used for umbrella He used for the blue villa, which means away rain tool that is so cool And it makes sense because that's what an umbrella is umbrella is for the blue villa It's something that makes rain go away. That's pretty clever. It's pretty clever I'm sure unless you're gonna talk about like some scientific discovery where you know They fly planes into the clouds and get rid of rain clouds or whatever But it makes sense for the blue villa in like 99% of cases But yeah, I thought that was pretty cool Especially how native kids are actually making the language more logical And if you think about it in a few generations when you have tens of thousands possibly hundreds of thousands of native speakers Because it's gonna happen. It's definitely gonna happen. I've heard I've spoken with so many people of learning Esperanto And they're like, yeah sure I'll teach just to my kid And if you think about that eventually there's gonna be a lot of native speakers like when I have a kid I plan to teach them Esperanto one because I want to give them as much Like as many chances in life as possible like my missus she's gonna teach Chinese I'm gonna teach Esperanto and obviously we're gonna speak English together And I think like Esperanto will be great for especially for the Latin components and stuff like that and also for later on in life Like it's got three main language groups there like how cool is that? But anyway, there's gonna be a lot of native speakers and eventually they're gonna make the language more logical as time goes on So I thought that was a pretty fascinating I don't know about you guys But if you've liked this video give it a like share it around with your friends subscribe to my channel if you haven't already and I'll see you In the next video, and if you're not there, well, I'll find you and I will Seiji Sudevin


The Knot County Fiscal Court held a public forum hearing to address concerns from residents regarding the Kentucky Lithium Project Wednesday, March 20th. The project will bring over 100 jobs to the area and will be located in the Bates Branch community. It was contacted by Kentucky Lithium. They had an interest in putting a lithium plant in the Bates Branch community of Beaver and there's an old coal temple there and we've done some discussion and done some research on the project and it looks to be a really good project with the environmental and health hazards that there's a possibility of having. But you know we have the Energy Environmental Cabinet who regulates a lot of these restrictions and is going to assure that things are kept safely, things are kept clean and if the Kentucky Lithium gets out of line any at all they're going to step in I'm sure to shut them down. At Audiology Associates of Prestonsburg you can live your life the way you want and find the freedom of better hearing. With 40 years of being in the hearing care industry you'll experience patient care that is specific to you with exceptional follow-up care that ensures your hearing and balance needs are being met. Audiology Associates at 1428 Northlake Drive in Prestonsburg. Many residents raised concerns about potential accidents contaminating the soil and water, carcinogens, accident response and the overall environmental impact to the project's representatives in attendance. So what we're producing a lot of people get confused with lithium metal it's actually a lithium concentrate that the flame ability is zero so there's no risk in flames or anything from the material we're producing. From the test that we have recently ran here in the last couple months we don't see any more carcinogens released than any normal facility within the U.S. In addition to being a fiscal benefit to the county with additional tax revenue and utilities income the plant plans to prioritize hiring eastern Kentucky residents. We're bringing the project to Knot County and the reason we chose to bring the project to Knot County is because this region this area the eastern part of the United States we feel have the hardest work and ethic there is. Um traditionally mining coal was what we've all worked in and anyone willing to mine coal knows the strain to the physical body and stuff so processing lithium will be somewhat of what we would call cake walk so we feel that bringing the lithium processing plant to Knot County is of huge value for the investors. To view the full public hearing go to Knot County Fiscal Court on Facebook. Reporting for Mountain Top News, I'm Brianna Robinson.


He runs two amazing user groups at least two Yeah So I'm not gonna steal your thunder you're welcome to talk about that as well And I know you have a dynamite presentation coming up. So I'm just gonna pass this on to you. Thank you so much Hi everyone, I'm Ken Hoy so I've Been involved with open stack for a couple of years. I'm currently the co-organizer for Open-stack user groups in New York City, Connecticut, and Philadelphia Co-organizer so so we've kind of created a model where Since I know a lot of folks in the community my job is to arrange speakers and then in each location we actually have a local organizer who's in charge of logistics and facilities and Because as you can imagine New York is a big draw for a lot of vendors in terms of wanting to participate We've kind of adopted a model that basically says if you want to come to speak at the New York City meet-up You have to agree to speak in Philadelphia and Connecticut that same week And by doing it that way so it's a model that would sort of testing out which would be the idea of You know one way could spread a lot of user groups where in small areas where maybe vendors aren't as incentivized to speak would be to create a create a anchor It's not an anchor user group in a large City where vendors want to speak and then built a lot of smaller user groups around it and basically say you want to speak of that Large user group you have to speak of the other smaller ones as well So that's a model. That's works for the most part for us. So So I actually try to be fair to the Vendors so if you guys know any about geography Connecticut's New York City's in the center Connecticut's North Philadelphia South So I try to make them go out of north to south or south of so New York City's ends up in the middle So it's worked out. So that's one of the things that one of the ideas I'm trying to float by made the foundation Speaking of which that there's I'm also part of the Open and open stack ambassadors group. How many you're aware of that group? Only a few of you. So it's basically we were Selected by the foundation as folks who've been involved in the community and part of my charter being part of that group is we are To spread the word about open stack and to help people who want to start user groups so if Obviously, I'm best capable of helping you if you happen to be near New York the East Coast But doesn't matter if you're in another country if you just need some advice I'm certainly happy to help or I can point you to the open stack ambassador who's covering your region So that's why I say about these groups What I want to do today is go through a presentation So there's a talk I've actually done in the past in all the summits About open stack for VMware and the story behind that really is I actually have a lot of experience with VMware And when I got into open stack was around this Shortly after that VMware started making a lot of noise about being integrated into open stack And I found there wasn't a lot of documentation about that So I started drilling down on the existing documentation and basically bugging the Open stack team at VMware as much as possible to find out exactly how things actually work So I've kind of given this presentation And a lot of the focus is this also is that I used to work at rack space on the open stack team And I would say half my Conversations with customers were trying to talk them out of using open stack And why I mean by that and you'll see is there are certain things like Oracle rack That may not be a good fit for an open stack cloud and sometimes customers on users aren't clear on that So someone walk through that in this presentation Okay, so why VMware and why and or use open stack with it? That's a great that's a great place to start because I think there is a tendency for some of us Who like to chase after shiny new things and you go open stack to shiny new thing and oh, it's free So therefore we will use it to replace everything. We're doing the VMware I'm going to tell you why that's not a great idea Because one of the the key thing that you need to think about in any kind of Architecture design infrastructure wise it's that the dictum is workload to take dick takes architecture So you don't select your cloud platform and then say let me let me just throw as all my workloads on there You start with the workload you start figuring out what it is. I will actually want to run What is it that my business needs to accomplish their goals and then say I will find the architecture the platform that fits Fits underneath that workload. Otherwise you will have Failures and and your users will not be very happy So we talked on how many of you familiar this term third platform second platform. Have you heard this before? This is kind of new so just think of a second platform is traditional IT workloads like Oracle ERP Right exchange perhaps their platform are things like Twitter Facebook kind of web scale Very social, you know a good example is I have a customer who's a who's a big bank Right and they've ran almost all their stuff on you know mainframes even but certainly also on like big iron You know Oracle applique running on HP servers go on a you know three par or or an EMC, right? but That when they did that they were taught they were really only focused on getting data out to these ATMs, right? You know Which is could be large, but it's not super large and now all a sudden they're going You know what? I need to provide the same level of services and data To users who may be accessing that data from five different devices Right from an ATM to a PC to their phone and all of a sudden that the Exponential amount of growth in that in in that scale means that I can't use that same legacy application So this bank is looking at things like object storage for example To store your check images, right as opposed to storing on a NFS file system, which can't scale to the levels that they expect they have to scale So that's that's so that's that's an important differentiation between what is a second platform workload? And what is that third platform workload because knowing which one you're targeting helps you decide which architecture which plow platform you need to run on? So if you guys are traditional kind of you know data center folks You'll recognize all the second platform stuff, right? These are these are things are very where they the application and the OS and the hardware is very tightly coupled, right? If if you're running Oracle on a server And it's a sands, you know Sand storage if that storage dies your oracles going down is going down hard, right? And you and now you're in a failure recovery scenario The other things that these tends to be very much a traditional Database servers again like an Oracle or SQL server that's certain that assumes that the infrastructure on it Underneath it. It's always up and running like kind of 90, you know five nines availability, right? And it doesn't deal well the infrastructure kind of goes away all of a sudden And they tend to be steady state invade so I know that if some of you are working in places where they are There's such things of peaks, right? Maybe at the end of the month or the end of quarter But generally speaking with traditional apps, you kind of know what the boundaries are, right? You every month, you know, you're gonna spike up by x percentage more or less So you can kind of built, you know, you ever heard that kind of built for the built for the peak, right? Because it's because you're not gonna have a very elastic infrastructure You want to make sure you can account for that, but you know what that peak is at the end of the month or quarter And then operate a focus. So what how many you guys how many of you here have done work on things like? Windows or all of VMware for example Few of you so I always ask this question when I talk to VMware admins, which is how many of you who are doing VMware admin work? Give credentials to your developers to the web to the web for your client and say you go ahead and provision your own VMs and storage So I've talked to several hundred. I found one guy who does that, right? Because that traditional workload because it's of its complexity, right? It assumes that you don't want it the end user to have access directly to that resource, right? So the cloud so the admin becomes kind of the gateway to provision resources and As a result you need a very resilient type of infrastructure, right? Could be like a V block but it could also be HP's cloud system, whatever it may be IBM's Where the go the go here is the storage never fails, right? Well, it's because it's highly redundant or you have depending on something like VMware, right? Where you assume when the when the VM underneath when the sorry the hypervisor Server underneath the workload fails all the VMs just restart and the application shouldn't even know is running on a brand new physical server, right? That's in direct contrast to these third platform There's a web-based type of workloads that needs to scale right in these in this in this world Applications don't necessarily have a one-to-one correspondence sometimes an application lives across multiple serves Right, and you could have a piece of that fail and the application will continue running and just recover itself somewhere else And these tend to be very unpredictable, right? It's kind of it's the type of workloads where You know you put out a new product on the web and you you're sizing it for a thousand users And actually it's possible to spike up to two hundred thousand Right in a few minutes and then back down again, and so how do you design for that? Right, how do you if you have to if you have to like provision of V every time you provision of VM? You got to ask an administrator do it for you How do you scale for that isn't possible, right? Everything you have to automate everything which is again one key tenants of of a third platform cloud, which is what I would Put open stack as primary designed for it's very When I say developer focus it means that everything everything is exposed via API's But develop the idea is developer can provision his own Machines right his own storage and networking without the operator having to come into the middle And that's how you can scale very rapidly and the design assumption at that kind of scale level is that? the infrastructure will fail Right, so the app so This is in this area is very important because again when I talk to a lot of banks traditional enterprises They they go can I put Oracle on here on open stack? And I expect that when if a compute no fails although Apple Oracle just recovered by itself The VM that's running it on in those machine And I actually have to tell them no that's not the case Open stack is not designed to do automatic fail over when a VM when the hypervisor no crashes Which I never brings up this question, right? You guys have been at it for years, and you guys can't figure how to do VMH in automatic HA What's going on here, right? Why is that? Why is there's this deficiency in the product and the answer? I give is that you need to know what the design principles all right opens whereas VMware was very much designed for resiliency right on a on a limited I would say fairly limited scale Open stack because of its desire to be a private cloud Alternate like the private cloud like at AWS is designed for rapid scale Right the idea is to grow really fast right and when you do that certain things inevitable right so if you have a VMware environment with a hundred, you know a thousand VMs That's a fairly sizable one, but I maybe that sits on you know, 10th of 20 30 servers With a tied to a sand storage It's a small enough environment that you can design this thing to the infrastructure not fail What happens when you're talking about web scale and now you're talking a couple hundred thousand VMs Right and and it's spread out across thousands of servers Right if you look at the probability is if something will always fail somewhere Right, it's impossible in that large-scale and environment to be able to ensure That infest that the server doesn't fail or the storage or the networking or even the underlying VM Hypervisor will fail something will always fail somewhere So the goal here is you need to just assume that it's a case and built for it So you design for it to fail you assume the wheels are going to come off Any time in the infrastructure and you built you design your applications When you're on OpenStack to be able to account for that. So I'm actually gonna skip this I'm assuming all you know what OpenStack is right. So OpenStack orchestrates a lot virtual resources And presents them up right big again very importantly as self-service on-demand APIs for you and users Again the goal very clearly here is not around infrastructure resiliency the goal of OpenStack to figure out how you can help developers deliver I oh sorry Operators develop a self-service IT to their developers at rapid scale and things like shared Infrastructure sands like you have to run on VMware One attendance is the more shared infrastructure. There is the more limited just scalability Right so by having a non Not nothing shared architecture in OpenStack All right not using a lot of sand disk You're actually able to scale more rapidly than you could in a in a shared sand environment But they never the reality is as we're as OpenStack is maturing and getting into the enterprise, right? More and more customers going why I want to I want to run both Right how many how many enterprises have nothing but platform 3 well That's all they have coming up new no one right everyone's got platform kind of that older platform 2 stuff And and maybe they're growing into that platform 3 and they want to be able to run both in their environment right there is I think there is a desire for customers to say I don't want to have to run two different cloud platforms That are managed completely separately So VMware kind of got into the game kind of the dress some of this and Today, there's actually a couple of ways you can do this right one way which VMware has done a pretty good job of is they basically took vSphere which is their hypervisor technology and folded it in underneath of OpenStack Right because one of the things I shared talked about is OpenStack is actually not a hypervisor, right? It is a orchestration of virtual resources including multiple including hypervisors, so you can actually Run OpenStack with KVM with Zen with with Hyper-V or with vSphere in this case So which so the way and the interesting thing about how VMware does it is they basically take a vSphere cluster right and expose that to the cloud the OpenStack services Nova services as a single compute node So the benefit that is from the note from your API you can provision Machines right to a vSphere hypervisor just like you do now with to KVM This is exact same API commands But from VMware's perspective once once the command goes out to supervision of VM in under VMware It actually uses vCenter So now you get all the stuff we talked about that you can't do with OpenStack generally natively like having VMs fail over automatically or happens underneath vSphere underneath of OpenStack So one of the models that we try to do is basically creating two Availability zones of your favorite the concept of availability zones Basically your court you're gonna section off a subset of your infrastructure and say that Avail that's called my my platform to my VM where Availability zone and your develop can choose to provision VMs and Applications onto that zone and then you can have another zone one in KVM We've all shared storage and you can run all your web applications and you're no SQL databases All right, so that's a that's a good approach to take Second approach how many have heard heard about this VMware integrated OpenStack Some of you have so very quickly. It's just this is VMware's own distribution of OpenStack Right, but it's the concept here is that of a what they call think of it as an under cloud and over cloud So the under cloud it actually is what the VMware admins actually Where you put all your open stack services that actually runs on vSphere and then you have an over cloud Which is your open stack services and like Nova and Neutron and the idea is if I put if I put this on top of that over cloud under cloud now I have a I have all the resiliency that y'all have a vSphere and I can I can manage it like it's a VMware application So some of you guys mentioned your VMware admins. So think about what if you know your boss came to you and said You know, we need to spin up OpenStack for my developers and you're scratching your head because you don't you haven't played with OpenStack Right, and but now you've got a week to get this rolled out You know and some of you have done OpenStack know how complicated that can be What if Doing that means just you basically right click on your VM your web vSphere web client And there's a V app an app icon that says open stack you right click answer a few questions it just basically blows out an open stack environment on top of your VMware infrastructure and now From the developer's fixer is that he's using all the AP OpenStack API's like it's a native OpenStack But for you as an admin you just treat it like it's VMware. Yes Yeah, so right now the first cut is going to be VMware only but they plan to support KVM as well so this is There's you know it's posing counts everything but the big pro here is if you're a VMware guy or You're working VMware guys who need to get open stack up and running This is probably the fastest way because it's the most familiar tools that that they they have So I think my time's up. Let's just it's time for questions or anyone have questions Yeah Yep, so what they use you familiar something called NSX Basically NSX has a has an option called multi hypervisor Basically you run that and you can you can run it through open vSwitch on a KVM side side and then the NSX switch Also, it's NXX on cross both environments Yeah, that's what you could do. Yes Well, so so when I say so basically I would say all the vSphere clusters are its own zone And you and you want to do like Oracle you put it into that zone and it'll make Then Nova will make sure that it only gets provision in a vSphere cluster that provides the HA Obviously there's stuff underneath that like you have to have a share sand, right? Otherwise, it won't work Yeah, yeah Next slide or previous line. Yep. Yep. So this is this is for the So VMware as I mentioned before is a very operator focused So I don't know anyone that loves the VMware API except for the guy who wrote it. I happen to know who is Developers though love of the open stack API, right because they can do everything they need So the idea behind is we're basically cloaking VMware environment Behind these open stack APIs from the developers perspective. They don't know that is VMware They just think it's virtual infrastructure. They provision Right, but you're getting all the good, but the the key thing is the cloud admin Who knows VMware can manage it like is VMware and it can use in fact I'll use all the tools that comes of VM like vCloud to actually monitor the environment Okay Okay, yeah Yeah Yes Yeah Or somebody Both opposing cars right so so Not a civil bullet. I think it's got it's good. There's a great use case for using it But there are certain use cases where Via, you know running native open stack may be a better option depends, right? So So you're bored by I wrote actually two blog posts earlier so way before VMware announced I wrote a blog post. How do you actually work VMware with open stack? So I had to use a couple of the reference architectures all those things. So there you can actually see Yeah, this is the one There are plenty of seats So in this slide if you see I think I wrote it in March 20th So VMware hasn't announced a video thing. We have already did it open say that thing So how VMware actually integrates open stack with other partners like Mirante is canonical red hat and Yes So this is the architecture that you see So if you look at this, so this is this one is with So here on the on the on the violet color you see all the violet boxes are basically open to products Right. So here you see one to Mars, Juju and landscape and charm and here all the blue stuffs are VMware's product and services and all the orange Ones are the open stacks other side So if you look at here in the cloud operation, it's at the vCenter vcox and the login side manager, etc And then there you know vSAN you can connect to vSAN or third-party Storage here, right? So this connects to sender and then you have NSX product and VMware networking So which will connect to your neutron which will manage the neutron and then you have vSX So I'm just thought that this was kind of relevant to the conversation we just had with Kenneth so


Focus on the process and you'll get to the destination focus on the destination And sometimes you'll lose the process our next caller is jennifer from massachusetts. Hey jennifer. How can we help you? Hey guys, I am really grateful for you taking the time for my call. I really appreciate it Um sal can I say one thing to you before we get started? Yeah, let's yeah, let me hear it Um, can you please tell jesca that I completely relate to her? I am celebrating 10 years of marriage to my hundred percent sicilian husband So um when we go to family functions, I've never had to kiss so many people. Hello and goodbye In my entire life half of the time I don't know people but we always have to say hello and goodbye to everyone Which takes just about as much time as the whole event. I think sometimes noises is everybody Isn't it you and I just talking about the software like literally like two days ago Sal and I were talking about the software because Katrina's family is much like his family and it was like and I'm the opposite Our our family doesn't see each other at all. And so it took me years to get used to that Saying hi and goodbye and making sure I get every person at the party regardless if I know who they are or not Hey, but I tell you what man, if you need family, you got a lot of people there. This is true. They will die for it This is true. I I probably had a hundred percent shower ever. It's worth it. It's worth it. So congratulations. You married He's wonderful. He's uh doing the mine pump programs as well. All right, so what's your question? How can we help you? Um, so my question I'm just going to give you a little bit of backstory.  I found you guys which totally opened my eyes Which thank you. Um, I just listened to I binged every episode I started researching doing a ton of work on myself and You guys really just taught me how food is great for your body how to fuel my body how to use the scale So right now I am in an awesome place. You guys helped me get there So I'm a 45 year old blessed stay at home mom And I am just really happy where I'm at. I love my fitness routine I just started am a ball anabolic advanced at home Virgin which thank you for making those programs available at home Um, I walk my dog three to four miles a day I do yoga a couple times here and there I make sure that I do 20 minutes of mobility and stretching a day. I take my recovery really seriously I track my sleep. Um, I'm just really I'm comfortable where I'm at my maintenance calories is 2,600 calories. I'm five eight 139 pounds 23 body fat Um, and I just want to know like is it okay to stay here? Or do I have to go? All of us over here are like shaking our head is like, where's the question? Where's the you're in a beautiful place right now? Okay, so and here's here's the beauty of where you're at Forget the fact that you're obviously lean. You're fit. You look amazing. You're you're consistent. You feel good Forget that for a second.  I love them. I'm loving an about so It took me a hot minute to get to switch over to to your um programs I was following a youtube trainer.  Um, but I so i'm doing anabolic now I love it and for for a mom those three minute rest periods are phenomenal. Do you know what I can get done in those three minute rest periods? They're awesome. Yeah, so um, I'm feeling strong. I'm feeling great I just didn't know do I ever do I have to go into a cut in a book sometimes to Stimulate my metabolism like I know how to do it. You guys have taught me like if I know if I went down to 20% body fat I'd see those See the abs that everybody wants.  Um, I've done two cycles of that I've seen strength in my core. I mean I my husband finds me sexy as hell probably more now than when I was 120 pounds I'm 139 pounds right now. That's the true measure right there. Yeah, you're you're you know, jennifer Okay, this is such a This is such a good place to be because well, I'll I'll give you a quote that I say all the time The man who loves walking is going to walk much further than the man who is only walking to a destination So in other words, I've never heard you say you're in joe.   I've never said that before Doug knows He knows he'll shake his head I say it all the time Hey, listen, go ahead finish it. It was beautiful. It was beautiful. Here's the deal This this is this is how you know, you're gonna be consistent forever You enjoy what you're doing now as far as the bulk and the cut is concerned Don't worry about that.  Hey, I feel like I want more stamina Hey, I feel like I want more strength in the squad or maybe I want more mobility And then you just follow that follow that feeling but you don't have to Have a goal This is one of the problems with having a goal There's there's there's positives and negatives to it But one of the negatives is people get so focused on the goal that when they finally get to the goal They're like now what what do I do now? Where do I go from here? So you're in this excellent amazing place Just enjoy what you're doing. This is like the this is where we try to get people to to get to So you're doing great. Yeah, the only thing that I would ever probably change up with you is uh Is the programming every once in a while. So and it acts how we wrote them We wrote them with that intention follow anabolic for three months After you do that move into performance or strong or aesthetic or one of the other ones and You know, so you're learning new movements and exercises. You're hitting different planes So you're getting stronger with all those things and and you're constantly kind of changing it up So the body's not adapted it doesn't get so used to anabolic that you start to see diminishing returns But other than that where you're I mean 2600 calories is a great place to be for your size. That is uh a good metabolism So there's not a and you're you're incorporating yoga.   I think we we are striving to get most our clients too Yeah, just just literally just keep enjoying what you're doing. This is perfect. Just embracing. Thank you. Yeah, we have anabolic performance aesthetic Here we have all of that stuff. Um, I'm in your private forum. We have the nose BS six packs So I have all those things that I can interchange throughout the year That's perfect. We'll just give you a virtual high five then. Yeah, yeah, jeff. You're doing great This kind of question really makes me happy. So I'm happy you're Oh, thank you And if I could just say one more thing to all of you guys and if I get emotional, I'm sorry But I just wanted to articulate to you guys um Something that I hope you guys realize When I had my daughter, I was terrified. I was going to pass down my body image issues My issues with food Even though I consciously tried not to do this, it was inevitable just at the place I was at As all of you have helped me change my mindset all of you helped me get to a damn good place and that fear is now gone My daughter brings some home papers from home paper from school and she writes about herself And I see her right. I am strong. I am kind my heart burst with happiness Nowhere is there the word skinny thin none of that. She makes me cards and says I want to be strong like my mama So from a person who values being a mother over anything else in this world I thank you from the bottom of my heart Yeah, god, god bless. They are changing lives and are not saying and i'm not saying that to be corny It is genuine for me Please know you are truly making an impact on lives and you are you are all kind Compassionate souls and it comes through your podcast. So when you hear the name alexander regeri That's my daughter. You know that you had a tiny part in helping her make her the badass that she's going to be So, thank you. Thank you. God bless you Thank you so much. I appreciate you guys. I appreciate you taking the time. Um, you're all just very kind people So, thank you. Thank you, jennifer. Thank you. Have a great day guys. Happy holidays. You too. You too God doesn't take me a second. I know I had to like look away because if I was listening and focused on what we're gonna make contact with you guys I'm gonna cry You know, what a what a great place to be, you know, it takes a long time sometimes for people to get this place But where they enjoy the process and they're like, you know, I don't need to have a specific goal I just love doing this and I feel good and yeah, and then the question arises Should I go back to what I was doing before which is kind of what she was asking, right? Is it okay to stay here? No, it's more than okay This is the best place to be and boy what she said at the end man Yeah, I mean, we hope for this for most people to get to this point. It's it's I mean, that's what we do We we try and get our clients to to get to this place where you can navigate and you know what to do And and apply things and you enjoy the process enjoying the process is everything and the truth is it's It's not easy. It's there's a lot of work and a lot of the work is internal. It's not just x's and no's It's just not these are my macros. This is the best program follow it There's normally a lot of internal work that needs to be done and obviously she's done that journey and You know, it's so cool to to see when someone's put the work in to see it pay off like this And she isn't an amazing place. So jennifer. We love you. Thank you Hey, if you enjoyed that clip you can find the full episode here or you can find other clips over here And be sure to subscribe