In November, MSHA received a phone call. A mining accident had occurred at a local mine. Inspectors proceeded to the mine to assist in the investigation. The accident involved a radio-controlled miner. The miner operator had been crushed by a continuous miner and was in very, very serious condition. Now, I lost my left kidney. I lost my spleen. I lost about two inches smashed off the end of my pancreas and they put some drain tubes in it and they saved it. I had extensive damage to my left lung and they had to rebuild the chest wall cavity and done a lot of damage to my bowels. I thought they was going to lose them but they done a lot of repairing on them. I broke my arm in three different places. I got a steel plate from my wrist about three-quarters of the way up my elbow. It broke my collar bone on the right or on the left side and another little bone beside a vent and fractured my back in four places. The use of radio technology has removed the miner from the hazards of cutter drums and dust and withdrawn them from the areas of major roof falls. However, the new technology has introduced new hazards into the mining industry. Statistics show that 43 serious accidents and fatalities have occurred due to contact of persons with remote-controlled miners. This video will show you where not to be during various mining situations and to raise your awareness when working with or near continuous remote-controlled mining machines. Those are two safety slogans that I wanted to steal in your guys' mind and by the head out by the boom we're moving from place to place except that a sport of cross-cut and if I can make that miner tram to hit me or hit somebody else, I'm in the wrong spot. The program that we put on yesterday at the mine is developed because the rash of problems that we've had occurred in the state and nationwide, of course. But with the remote-controlled miners, where miner operators are operating a miner in an unsafe location, crushing themselves or crushing other individuals between the miner and the coal rib. Also we had some problems with extended-cut miners where the miner operator to operate the remote-controlled miner were going in by a supported roof while operating a remote-controlled miner. We knew that they didn't have to go in by a supported roof to operate that piece of equipment, but they was doing so and we wanted to find out the reason why. So we did an in-depth survey on all the mines on site, underground, watched the miner operators, talked to them, interviewed them, and wanted to pinpoint the problems or why they was going in by a supported roof or staying beside the miner in pinch-point areas while they was operating it. We are in support of extended-cut mining. We know it's very vital to the mining industry and for y'all to have jobs, but we want safe jobs. And if we do it properly and follow all the precautions in the roof control plan and all the laws, it'll work. So this safety program is just to identify where you cannot be. When fells, that's easy for me to say that, but I know, especially in 50 inches of height and you tramming at miner, it's easy on the first shift of the week. You get towards the last shift at the end of the week and it's been a rough week and we're tired. It takes a large commitment, but that's what we need for you guys to do. Once you start an extended cut, which is more than 20 feet into the unsupported area, that you stay two full rows out by unsupported roof. That means if you cut out one of these rough bolts right here, then that line moves back to the next line. I also want to describe a fatality that occurred in an entry. Miner operator positioned to A-run, or took into A-run, he was backing out. On the line, they were using scoop for haulage. The miner operator started backing the miner out of the cut. He decided to stay along the right cold rib as he was backing the miner out past him. He had a remote control box. During the investigation it was determined that the cable was laying on top of the tram controls. The miner had come over, crushed and killed him. The miner operator definitely is in the wrong spot. He should never position himself in between that pinch point area and the miner.   Another thing that was wrong with the remote control unit with this miner was that the tram controls on this miner are the self-locking center valves. The locks was in the taped up position, but they didn't have to be pulled up to be activated. There's two things wrong. We should never render in effect a safety device. Even with the levers taped up, the miner operator, if he had been in a safe operating distance from that remote control miner, he wouldn't have been crushed. If you can convince him or show him, hey, this is why you can't be here at his particular mine site, and if you can convince him and say, hey, this is not right. This is the problem areas we're having. And if you continue to stay there, if that's the way you do it, you're more than likely going to end up a statistic. The miner operator was positioned in by a supported roof and in by the three roof bolts that was cut out. He was setting on an oil can on this left-hand side.  Now fellas, as much emphasis as we've placed on staying in under supported roof, here's another fatality that occurred. We've done a lot of studies, a lot of surveys, talked to miner operators, why are we going in by supported roof to operate a remote control miner? We know we don't have to. And if you go to a mine and I'm observing a miner operator take a cut. You can really tell when a guy is operating a piece of equipment in his normal fashion that he's operating it from an area that he's not usually operating when he's having a problem. But throughout the survey and interviews I did with the miner operators themselves I said, hey, why don't you move over to this location like on the off-side of the miner when you get into extended cut when you can't see the operator heading. If it's the outlet side of the scrubber system if they're using the scrubber systems I don't like to be on the outlet side of my scrub. Or, well if he doesn't have a miner well you know I've got to watch my miner cable over here. If that miner operator does not elect to go to that left side and he elects to stay on this right side once he gets in there 20-25 feet he cannot see his cutting drums from this location right here. I asked miner operators during the survey how do you stay on centers once you can't see. Well when that buggy leaves out there I'll come over here, I'll crawl over here I'll look down my sight lines and cut down me a buggy and I'll crawl back down to here say, well that's okay but that's a lot of crawling and then what that does, especially in 50 inches height or lower, that puts you in the way of the haulage equipment coming to you. If anybody's in that working place for extended period of time whether he's a miner operator, miner helper or myself, electrician, section boss it doesn't matter, we need to make sure that we are very visible and you know I think all of us should wear reflective clothing. On these two safety slogans and by the head out by the boom we're moving from place to place except that a supported cross cut and if I can make that miner tram to hit me or hit somebody else I'm in the wrong spot. Say a miner helper was going to help him move to the next place it was an off standard miner and a loop was on the back of the boom. So the miner operator attempts to back up a few feet the signal went bad or whatever the case may be but the miner operator crushed the miner helper with the boom of the miner. It wasn't a fatality but it was a permanently disabling injury. So that's why it's very important that reflective material being in a visible location and safe operating distance from the miner staying all the way to the haulage equipment and staying under this supported roof during extended cut. Those guys ain't any different than you or I. When they went to work that day they thought they was going to come home safe and sound just like they left. The red areas in these drawings are the danger zones. Here are some best practices when working near the danger zones. Be sure the cutting head is against the working face before you position yourself or others alongside the continuous miner outside the danger zone. And while extracting coal it's best to leave two rows of roof bolts between you and the unsupported roof. Always position yourself and others out by the conveyor boom while repositioning the machine. When tramming never place yourself in the location where you might be exposed to a sudden movement of the machine.  Don't forget about haulage equipment and wear reflective clothing so other equipment operators can see you. Remember, anyone in the danger zone is likely to be injured by the sudden and unanticipated movement of a remote controlled miner. Always remember during retreat mining that there are other danger zones to take into consideration. Never work in by the continuous mining machine to keep the machine cold. Foreman, when inspecting for hazards always evaluate the locations of persons to ensure that no one is in the danger zone. Continuous evaluation of the roof and rib is vital to ensure that adverse roof and rib conditions are detected and controlled during mining. I was really someplace I shouldn't have been. Something that I've done lots of times but it just finally caught up with me. I mean, there's stuff you got to do. I mean, at times you got to get near the danger zone but when you're tramming the miner don't get around it. I mean, I know everybody's got their own habits. I don't feel that I've done anything that any other miner operator hasn't done. But when you're moving the equipment don't get in there where you can get yourself smashed or pinched or tangled up around that cable and don't never trust those rippers. Don't never get around that miner head because you never know when something's going to happen and they're going to kick on.  It's just like when you're tramming miner place to place. Don't even get in the danger zone because a man never knows when a PQ switch is going to go out and kick it sideways and get yourself in a pinch point. Stay out of the danger zone.


So I am excited, so I figured I'd make a video because it's 9 o'clock 30 on a Monday evening And I'm still at my office because I couldn't resist installing the new version of the XCPNG which is the open source Zen server not Citrix Zen server just Zen server without the Citrix stuff Anyways, so for those you follow in a project and have heard me talking about it or tweeting about it I'm gonna leave the links in the comments below so you can get started on this and I'm gonna do a more in-depth video because I plan to after This kind of comes out of beta to go into production. So I'm moving over on my backup server Back up as in it's a spare to my primary server over to this I've imported VMs from my other server to make sure they work in so far. Everything's working really well Now like I said, what this is is the folks over at Zen orchestra Realized there was a problem in the market created by Citrix And I was really excited when I got into the Zen server and started moving everything over to it a while back And then people said but they removed features in 7.3 of Zen server Yeah, they took features out and crippled it and then encouraged you to buy a license only To that and we even talked to the people at Zen had some conversation with them And they said they would take it up with management. Well, I never heard back from that You know, I guess they took it up with management management says no We want license fees for all the features you used to have that you don't have now I don't mind paying license fees for software and things like that But there was some philosophy differences on they make you register now to even get to the download links They removed all the old download links Whatever that's the way Citrix wants to play. That's not a problem Zen is an open-source project the folks at Zen orchestra took and Revived the original code that Citrix was maintaining and then brought it all up to date So what you're looking at here, and I'm gonna zoom in a little bit because I can't really show you this on the Computer because I I only have it installed back here and currently have no way to mirror my screens So let me get over here and zoom in a little more. So what you're looking at here is the XP 7.4 Now this is my other Zen server And you notice how much the same they look they kept the same interfaces They kept most of it the same so it looks like this is the Zen server And there's that so most of the menus are same. I'm gonna do a more in-depth review of all this Show you a little more how it works, but I'm impressed with this so far. It works great Now it does not need or is actually not even compatible with the Citrix That you're used to using like if you use using the Citrix windows tool I forget what is called the Zen manager tool, which I don't really use anyways because I use the Zen orchestra tool It's not completely compatible with it. I it doesn't seem to work with that I try attaching it just out of curiosity and it failed But that being said you can use this interface to get you set up And then they have a really quick command that automatically Automagically scripts and curls. I know is that scary pulling things off curl But if you didn't want to go through trouble of downloading the OVA file and importing it They have a script you run right on the Zen server itself after you get it loaded and it puts in Zen orchestra Zen orchestra gets an IP address you find an IP address in your DHCP server and you're up and running You can configure this and you've had to load no windows on your computer So no windows management council to finish setting anything up Zen orchestra does ask that you register and email address with them. So there's still that Pick if you don't have if you have a privacy problem with that You know the solution with the Yahoo email address then pretty much the reason anyone uses the Yahoo email address Just give them the dumb one. Anyways, give them the spam email address So far it's working really well. I just installed it tonight So I wait I my reviews before I go in-depth that I've actually used the product a lot more But so far I feel comfortable with it because it looks just like Citrix Zen server in terms of functionality in terms of the command line And if you're not used to using Zen server from the command line, you there's a series of commands You can run to you know import expert VMs. I've talked about this in the backups in the backup script that I use Runs off of that once I get done all the testing and importing some VMs and making sure everything seems nice and stable Even though this is not a full release. It's their very first release, but still impressive. They've done a great job with it So far I'll dig into the technical details, but of course, I'll leave you a link here So you can see read for yourself all the things on there They have the walkthrough for the screenshots for the setup, but it looks and installed just like Zen server did So the my tutorial on that still fits this not really different But it will do an entire updated one because you will be you know, obviously getting it from somewhere else But if you're interested in trying this go ahead and do this I'm also really curious about something else one of the options it had I erased the server and loaded the cleans. I wanted a clean load on here was an upgrade I have one more of my servers to do my one at home And I'm gonna try the upgrade because if it breaks they have it all backed up But that's my curiosity is will I be able to do the upgrade in place? It had an option for it I'm excited if it works if it doesn't work back up back up back up always back everything up I'm gonna back it up before I try it. I have backups all the stuff that's on my Home Zen server and when I do the over what I do the upgrade because it will be an upgrade because I'll get all the features that you lost If you move to the newer version of Zen, I'll be running it at home And because my home servers are not mission critical They're just kind of you know stuff I play with at home and a couple things I have like my Plex server that runs on it I'll see how it works that way I can actually do some more production use because they said it's beta So I'm not quite ready to throw it in my full production machine right here But that's the update on the Zen server XG XC PNG I keep on call it Zen server XG but XC PNG product Which is the open-source Zen server project go ahead and give it a spin give it a try That's it for now I'm gonna do some more testing and dig it in if I can if I can find a handful of computers Despair that are fast enough to run it to it has options for high availability and I'm gonna give that a try too I'm gonna try and figure out where all the feature sets are. I haven't read through every little detail yet I don't know what they have implemented in absolute total So it's like I said work in progress go ahead and get playing with it have fun Thanks if you like the content here like subscribe and all that fun stuff And I'll keep you up to date on this project as it keeps coming along


The Pan-American Health Organization and the World Health Organization continue to pledge support to the development of the region's health care system. Such generosity plays a major role in the development and advancement of Saint Lucia's health care system. The most recent acts of kindness by the two health organizations was a donation of much-needed equipment to the grocery polyclinic. Pao, WHO representative, Dr. Malia Del Riego, was unhandled to hand over the equipment. The pandemic demonstrated that it is really between the population and the providers where you make the difference. So some of these equipment, maybe in a small contribution, but they make a huge difference in terms of the quality of care for the people and for the providers that sometimes need to go the extra mile to deal with a stretcher that will be the regular one or even getting a transportation of any person from the car without having a wheelchair. So those small things are things that make a huge difference for the people. Staff of the grocery polyclinic as well as the epidemiology unit of the Ministry of Health were very grateful for the donation. Please, to the people of Saint Lucia, our institution is providing service to this district of Prusile also to the entire country. We really appreciate the support we are getting from Pao. So on behalf of the epidemiology units, extension of the Ministry of Health, I would like to thank Pao for his contribution of the equipment which will go a very long way in helping us in our data management and analysis as our computers are updated. Pao has been helping us, they've been very instrumental in helping us throughout the years in terms of programs and responses to the many public health events. Senior medical officer Dr. Glensford Joseph, who also expressed gratitude to the donors, stated that each item makes a significant contribution to the overall delivery of health care. Each and every item makes a significant contribution towards our overall delivery of health care and I must say that while we are seeing the material things coming out of Pao, we also are seeing this training, the technical support in other areas where we try to develop the quality of service, develop the capacity of our human resources that can deliver on every front. The donation consisted of a stretcher, wheelchairs and computers. According to the Pao WHO representative Dr. Amelia Del Riego, the donation was made possible through funding from the U.S. government in 2021. The equipment is expected to improve direct patient care and surveillance for the island. From the communication unit of the Ministry of Health, Wellness and Early Affairs, Julia Peter reporting.


YouTube team keep it clean. What's going on? It's engraving here with another video and in this video before we get into this Shout out to David Cully before we get into this. I gotta say I appreciate y'all. Thank you all. Thank you team Keep it clean. Thank you for subscribing to the YouTube channel. Thank you for subscribing and listening to the podcast channel Um, I appreciate y'all like crazy and by the way a new podcast episode should be dropping today So y'all stay on the lookout for that. But anyway, David Cully Has been named the new head coach for the Houston Texans and you know, Houston Texan They they've been going through it just the city of Houston period. They've been going through it Of course, everything that you know happened with James Hardin They moving on from that but everything that now that's going on with with not only the Sean Watson, but JJ Y2 So two of their premier players Houston is most likely getting ready to lose and I know what this whole the Sean Watson thing Initially when the news first came out, I thought, okay, yeah, they're gonna resolve that in like a week They're gonna kiss and make up in like a week. It'll be fine Nope Nope, this thing has been dragging on and we just waiting when that new league year starts We're just waiting for the announcement. The Sean Watson has been traded to such and such But this hopefully for the Texans They're hoping that this thing can be salvaged They're hoping that it can be salvaged and apparently one of the reasons that the Sean Watson Was not a big fan of what's going on is because he didn't get to pick the GM He didn't get to pick the head coach He didn't have any say so on that and he tried to give input but Texans were like, okay. Yeah, whatever But now with them hiring David Cully David Cully, of course, most recently on his resume For the Ravens. He was the wide receivers coach now I know a lot of people are going to be like, man, what Ravens wide receiver coach or Ravens passing game coordinator Uh, those guys weren't even good What was that? What did he do there? and then uh more recently than that, uh, he was the bill's qb coach I believe josh allen's rookie season and his second season. No his rookie season, I believe um, and We saw how that went But he was a rookie josh allen was a rookie. So give him a give him some slack but All throughout his resume He's been a wide receiver coach for the bucks for the Steelers For the Eagles as well. So that's where most of his work came from being a wide receiver coach And then he did a lot of coaching on the collegiate level as well but I think where Where he's really gaining the interest or where he really gained the interest from the houston texans Wasn't even as a wide receiver coach.  He will find a job for you and if he doesn't have a job for you He will make up a position for you. We've seen it plenty of times as ravens fans. We've seen it so many times So he is one person that he don't forget where he came from And he does not forget about his people always putting his people on So shout out to hashtag hood hardball. But anyway, um, david coley he went through the ranks As a wide receiver coach and then but also he was an assistant head coach and he did that both with the chiefs under andi reed And he also did it with the ravens these past two years He's been an assistant head coach And I think with the houston texans when they initially interviewed him I think that's what they were looking at more than him as a passer game coordinator or him as a wide receiver coach Because those things you look at the numbers for the ravens receivers in the ravens passing game Now last year it was a lot more flashy than it was this year But I think the biggest thing has been the efficiency Well in the regular season It's been the efficiency So that may be what they're looking at but I think they're looking at how he is as a leader of men Because I know uh one of my one of my homies angie She talked about how yeah while the ravens passing game has not been all that as we all know But one thing that she notices from david coley is when he's down there on the sidelines the way that he engages with the players The way that he speaks with the players and the way that he just relates to the players And she said that can't go unnoticed So he's always on there talking with on the field talking with them smiling with them laughing with them Engaging with them and that's big. So he's a player's coach He's a player's coach And that's something that the uh texas front office talked about too One of the reasons why they really like david coley is because he is a player's coach He's somebody that can relate to the guys and that's big Because you can have this coach with the best resume in the world You can have this coach that's won this and won that on all these different levels and whatnot But that coach he could be coaching some of the best of the best players But if that message doesn't get through to them It won't mean anything If if what that coach is saying it just it can go in one ear and out the other Right in and out shout out to the burger company too, but it can go straight through the players Because if if the coach is not somebody that they really vibing with and really clicking with like that They can be like ah, whatever Yeah, this dude just talking But when when you have somebody that you can relate to when you have somebody that You you really click with like that you will go the extra mile for them and it goes both ways As a coach as a leader that coach a leader will go the extra mile for his players So he can really try to figure out what they need to help them succeed What does this young man need or even older man? But what does this man need so I can make him not only a better player, but a better person And then on the flip side that young man or older man depending on how long they've been in the league for They will look at that coach and be like well, what what how can I how can I make this coach? How can I really go the extra mile to work for him to work that much harder for him? What do I need to do to step it up? What do I need to do to be the best person I can possibly be for this head coach? And it's the same exact way When it comes to to normal work Regular jobs because we all don't work in the NFL But even regular jobs because I've experienced this myself Plenty of times I've had a manager. That's just like all whatever Just come in clock in clock out. Okay. Boom. Yeah, you taking care of your work. Okay. Good But then I've had a different manager that will actually talk to you somebody that I could relate to That will actually check. Hey, how's this going? Okay. You know what? I want you to do this too They give you more responsibility. They see you got potential so they want to use that potential Every manager is not like that and every coach is not like that So that's what I think the Texans are seeing and what they saw with David Cully So I hope it works out for him I know again, I know as Ravens fans a lot of people like oh man the passing game. It wasn't anything this year. Da da da Okay, cool. Move on get a new passing game coordinator now since that that job is open now We'll see how it goes But now David Cully is the head coach of the Houston, Texas now what this also means For the Ravens is that they get a third round comp pick this year and they get a third round comp pick next year and The NFL made a new rule a couple years ago that you can actually trade comp picks now So do I expect them to trade picks? Probably not because you know Ravens They love getting all the picks that they possibly can they they eat draft picks for dinner But so we'll see what happens with that now Another thing there's been a lot of flip-flop between the Ravens and the Texans been a lot of flip-flopping Because Anthony Weaver Texans former defensive coordinator He is now the Ravens defensive line coach and they are defensive defensive run game coordinator coach Anthony Weaver is and then um, Anthony Lynn's son Uh, I forget his first name But Anthony Lynn's son who was the Texans What did he do for the Texas? I believe he was their db coach I think he was the secondary coach db whatever but now he's the uh the Ravens db coach So flip-flop flip-flop So now we have flip-flop David Coley goes from Ravens passing game coordinator and assistant head coach To no longer being an assistant No longer being an assistant now. He is the guy He's the guy the head coach. It's his show now He's running things So again, like we said at the beginning of the video, hopefully for Texans fans sake He can avenge this thing with the Sean Watson If not, then I guess they'll be looking for the next QB in the draft And they'll be looking for somebody to be his guy Because you know when a new head coach comes in usually a new regime a new regime follows And it's a new era So We'll see if that relationship Can be saved but anyway the team keeping clean. I appreciate y'all I love y'all and just like the Sean Watson wants to be when it comes to the Houston Texans I'm out


Zero accounting software 2023. Enter transaction for purchasing investments using bank feeds.  First, a word from our sponsor. Well, actually, these are just items that we picked from the YouTube shopping affiliate program, but that's actually good for you because these aren't things that were just given to us from some large corporation which we don't even use in exchange for us selling them to you. These are things that we actually researched, purchased, and used ourselves. Here we have a western digital WD elements 20 terabyte USB 3.0 desktop external hard drive we use as part of our backup system, noting that if you lower the number of terabytes of storage, the price will lower dramatically as well. When you're thinking about a backup system, you're usually thinking about an online system or an external hard drive system like this or ideally some combination between the two, giving you some redundancy. You can also work directly from an external hard drive like this, but there are some drawbacks to doing that, one being if you use this as your primary drive you're working from, it's no longer a backup drive and you're going to need a backup system, possibly another external hard drive and or some kind of cloud backup system. And if you're working on something that takes up a lot of short term memory, a lot of RAM as you're working on it such as video editing, the external hard drive can slow up the system. So you might want to come up with some kind of system where you download the project you're working on to your computer to your C drive or possibly to a solid state drive, which is a much more expensive external hard drive as you do the work. Once the work is done, then save the project to an external hard drive such as this. If you would like a commercial free experience, consider subscribing to our website at accountinginstruction.com or accountinginstruction.thinkific.com where we have many different courses you can purchase one at a time or have a subscription model given you access to all the courses courses which are well organized have other resources like excel files and PDF files to download and no commercials. We are in our custom zero homepage going into the company file we set up in a prior presentation the bank feed file will duplicate some tabs to put those reports in like we do every time right click in the tab up top so we can duplicate it and then right click in the duplicated tab again to duplicate it again back to the tab to the middle accounting drop down we want that balance sheet report we will then tab to the right accounting drop down and this time the income statement or profit and loss report changing the date range up top we're going to go to 2022 to match our data input from the bank feed so 2022 January to 2022 December 31st and I'm going to update that so this is what we have constructed thus far on the income statement thus far on the balance sheet let's go to the first tab now we set up our bank feeds and so most of the transactions are in what I call bank feed limbo accounting drop down to find it bank feeds here's our checking account I'm going to go into the account manager transactions to open up our transactions area our major focus being on the reconcile tab and we are basically constructing our financial statements from the information that's pulling through from the bank so now we want to think about investment type of situation so I'm going to go to the balance sheet to just kind of think through this first thing I want to point out is that as a general rule we want to be separating our business financial information from our personal financial information and typically we think of zero as being used for the business side of our financial information however we can use accounting software like zero to be tracking our personal financial information as well the reason we want to be separating the business from the personal is that's going to help us hone down on the different goals and objectives from a business versus our personal financial situations on the business side of things the things that the business has the assets for example we have them because we want to use them in the business to help us generate revenue in the future whereas the assets on the personal side of things have a different goal and objective we want assets on the personal side of things to help us live well so we're not just using those assets for future revenue generation those different objectives are one reason we want to basically be separating out our business from our personal obviously on the business side we might have reporting purposes as well that we have the financials for such as in the united states tax preparation at the end of the year and possibly external reporting as well as our internal decision making needs now note that if you're a small business you might be able to get away with basically one zero file to be tracking your personal and your business because you might be doing it primarily to get an income statement that you can use for decision making and possibly for tax preparation at the end of the year and you might be able to use categorizations so that you could basically have an income statement where you're breaking out the business versus the personal on a column by column format so in that case you might be able to use you know one software to still get an income statement on the business side of things and on the the personal side of things however the general concept would be that it would be you would want to have a separate zero account for your business and you could have a separate one for your personal as well tracking your personal information in something like a zero two and the reason I point this out is because when we think about investments you could have investments in say your business in stocks and bonds for example but normally you're not going to have a lot in the investments for stocks and bonds in the business account unless your business is the generation of revenue from things like stocks and bonds right if your business is selling guitars or something like that then you're not going to have a whole lot in stocks and bonds under the business except just to be holding on to that cash for the short term so that you can reinvest it back into the business buying equipment for example what are you going to do instead well as the as the assets accumulate upwards typically you're going to use those assets if you're growing to buy more equipment however the other thing you can do with it is give it to the owner if your sole proprietorship that would be in the form of draws if your corporation that would be in the form of dividends so that if those assets aren't intended to be used in the business to generate revenue we give them to the owner so the owner can then invest them personally in say stocks and bonds and they might then still track that using zero for example and having their accounting tracked there as well now the other thing I want to point out with stocks and bonds is that oftentimes people think that these like accounting software like zero should be tracking the day-to-day activity or should be able to tie out to the ending balance as it applies to the stock market for the stocks and bonds but that's not really what accounting software is designed to do you could have financial software that can do that right you could actually get financial software I think there's like a personal capital there's there's other softwares you can look into which can connect to your financial institutions and give you a balance sheet as of a point in time based on the current market value of stocks and bonds given the fact that stocks and bonds are being traded on a market and therefore the current value is no is knowable right the reason you can't do that in accounting software like zero is because zero is designed not to just pull the ending balance in but rather to make an income statement so that means that it can't just just like with the with the bank accounts it can't just give you the ending balance of the bank account it has to give you all the information that's going through the bank account so that you can construct not only the balance sheet but the activity that has happened which is your timing statement your your income statement so that said we want to kind of think about how you would put investments on the books then if they come and they how are they going to kind of fit in to the bank feeds whether it be your personal account or kind of your business account so obviously when you purchase the investments then it's going to be a decrease from your checking account and then you can set up an asset account for the investment so the thing you want to make sure that you see is when it comes to the bank feeds you're going to be able to recognize that this is a transaction that happened for the purchase of an investment instead of expensing it like you would with most other outflows of the checking account we're going to put it on the books as an asset for an investment now then what happens when when it goes forward is you might have uh you might have revenue from dividends and interest which again if you're receiving the dividends and interest are going to come through the bank feeds so you can basically hopefully record them as revenue as they come through the bank feeds or they might be reinvested which could make things a little bit more complicated because to to track within the system but and then you're also going to have a situation where you could have the increase in the value of the stocks and bonds and you might have unrealized gains and losses which we can talk about shortly as well but right now let's just think about where are we going to put the account so we're going to put like some assets on the account now if if you're talking about a business account then you would think the stocks and bonds would normally be short term holdings so you'd probably put them on the books as a short term asset a current asset because you can dip into it fairly quickly if you needed to because that's the point if you were doing this for your personal investments and you were tracking your personal accounting in zero then you might try to break out between like the the short term and long term possibly trying to break out the short term being the items that are not under the umbrella of an IRA or 401k plan in other words a lot of people have a lot of their investments and stocks and bonds under the umbrella of an IRA which is usually just like a mutual fund but it's under this added level of umbrella that you that you can't get into it or you get or you get penalized right if unless unless you certain requirements are met you're past a certain age therefore you might try to categorize everything that's under that IRA or something as long term and everything that's not under that umbrella that you can get to a little bit faster you're not going to be penalized as current right and another issue that people have is they might have multiple different stocks and bonds that they're invested in or multiple mutual funds that they're invested in what you want to avoid typically is trying to add all that detail of every mutual fund into something like a zero you would rather summarize it normally in the zero software to get your financial statements correct and then look at the detailed day to day activity on the actual platform wherever that is like your bank or each raid or vanguard and and then you could use other software to track the the your current balance sheet by pulling it in from the financial data I think there was a personal capital or there's like quick in I think was one that that does that kind of thing you could even do it in excel I think you can connect to the bank if you have some some formats of excel so so if you have say multiple multiple mutual funds then maybe you want to put the the parent account the similar of a parent account which you could do with the edit layout as basically the investment in a certain financial institution like e-trade or vanguard or something like that and then possibly list out stocks and bonds like you can break it out by stocks and bonds maybe to do that breakout which is difficult sometimes if you have mutual funds that have both stocks and bonds in it right or you could just kind of break it out by the financial institution that's what I'm going to break it out by financial institutions let's go to the first tab here and let's first go to our accounting drop down and go into our chart of accounts and I'm just going to add a couple accounts that we're going to imagine we're putting investments in so I'm going to make them asset type of accounts I'm going to put them I should put them in here now I'm actually going to change the account number for this equipment account to bring it down here somewhere I'm going to make it like a 1600 I'm going to go into that and say say 1600 and so I'll move that down a bit okay and then and then I'll put inventory inventory so let's make let's make the investments like 1450 so I'm going to say let's add an account we're going to say add an account and I'm going to say 1450 it's going to be a current asset type of account and I'm going to say it's going to be B of A in the investments and like stocks and bonds with the financial institution I'm imagining a bank of America now I'm not going to put investment as the name because I'm going to group these two together on the reports so I'll show you what that looks like in a second so I'm going to save that and then let's make a 1455 let's say is that what I had here 1455 let's add another one 1455 this is going to be another current asset and let's say this is going to be America investments alright and then just checking if there's spell check there so let's save that and then when I go to my balance sheet if I go to my balance sheet there's nothing there yet because we have not yet put anything in there but I'll still see those accounts in the edit layout tab so in the edit layout tab I can group those two accounts together so I can select these two and I can group them now I'm not going to do that yet because I'd like to put some numbers in there first and then I'll go back in to show them as grouped so that's like that parent account situation which is similar to if you know the parent account kind of thing from like QuickBooks this is actually a lot more flexible within zero that nice reporting tool they have now the other thing that's that is often an issue is that when you first start putting your information in something like a zero you've got that same kind of problem you have with your bank accounts in that you probably had something in the investment account before you started tracking it within zero so let's imagine that that we had some information in the investment account before we look at the last financial statements and I'm gonna I'm gonna put that information directly into our investment account here not using the bank feeds because the bank feeds would only be tracking the current information going forward so I'm gonna try to input I'm gonna say let's say that we have let's call it a spend money form or you might even do it with a journal entry so it doesn't show up on the bank fee well we could do yeah let's do a journal entry so I'm gonna go to the accounting drop down let's go to the reports and let's go to the journal journal report this is where we go to find get our journal entries so we're gonna go into the journal report and then I'm gonna add a new journal and this is going to be for the beginning balance in investment accounts investment accounts and I'm gonna say this would possibly be like as of the end of the end of the prior period if we were entering data in the current year so it might be as of the end of like at the end of last year so we're doing 2022 so maybe December of 2021 but I'm gonna put it in 2022 so we could see the transactions and I'll just put it July 2022 okay and then I'm gonna say the account that's going up is the B of a investment account let's say that one had 2000 in it let's say and then the other one was the prime prime prime America let's say that it had 10,000 in it now the other side of this of this transaction I'm not going to record to the income statement I'm gonna record it to the equity it's not on the income statement because it's not part of our timing accounts it shouldn't be affecting income this was something that happened before we started tracking the information in zero that's why I'm going to the retained earnings account which is not something you normally post to unless you're entering the beginning balances in okay let's post it and okay let's go back to the balance sheet and check it out now so I'm gonna say all right there's our where there they are there's the prime America and B of a now what I'd like to do is group these two under one account called investments so I'm gonna make a subcategory to do that we got this great tool over here for the edit layout and I can select this one I'm holding down control as I sell select this one too and then I'm gonna group them together and I'm gonna call the group name investments boom that's it and then update and let's see all right we're gonna see so now we've got our investments grouped together in the subcategory that's great all right now you might also want the invest in the inventory above the investments so I could edit the layout over here and say let's pull that inventory above the investments and same with this inventory one boom update that one all right so that looks great so now we've got our our investments here now if I was external reporting I can collapse the investments and put them into one investment now from here then we might buy more investments if we buy more investments we're going to see that coming through the bank feeds on our checking account as a decrease to I mean yeah decrease of the checking account which we want to make sure that we put into our investment account here and then we might have income that comes through the bank feeds and the form of dividends and interest which we might want to record just as revenue as those come through if that happens and then periodically we have the issue of the value of these may have gone up or down even if we have not yet sold them and and that's where you have this unrealized gains or losses and a lot of times people want to adjust their investments to recognize the current market value which you might do like on a monthly basis and you would do that basically with a journal entry normally right we would increase this account with a journal entry and the other side would have to go somewhere you could put it into equity but the easiest thing to do would be to put it on the bank on the income statement and I would recommend putting it at the bottom as like unrealized gains or losses so that you could see your gains and losses without your investment income and then see those uh investment income at the bottom is the general idea so let's let's go to the bank feeds now and imagine something's coming through on the bank feed so I'm going to go accounting and let's go into our account here again account transactions I'm going to go to the reconcile item and then I'm looking on 9 15 let me find my item here all right so I'm going to use this one and pretend it was for uh investment we're buying more investment for big $25 going in for the investment so I'm going to add the details on this one and so I'm going to say all right primarica do I want to shorten this out it's going to be primarica life insurance prim all right I'll keep that and then I don't have an item because I'm not buying inventory items I'll keep the description quantity we want there's that's good and then the account that it's going to go to is the primarica uh investment account no tax now if this was like an investment that happened every uh every month or something then I could set a rule for this just like I would for the other rules except that it's not going to an expense account it's going to be an investment from my checking account into the financial institution account now also note sometimes as these banks uh these financial institutions we get better with this bank feed kind of thing you might at some point be able to track some of your your investment accounts with the with zero and connect to them kind of like you would with your bank accounts now not all of them it's not a perfect system at these at this point that you can connect to all of your financial uh accounts and get all the transaction details a little bit uh a little bit different sometimes but if you can do that then you can pull in the information on the financial transactions side where you have your stocks and bonds and you would have interbank fee transactions bank feeds between between the two of them but a lot of times right now what that what you have is your checking account connected and then we're setting up our financial institutions as other current assets because we have to it's a little bit different to track them than just pulling information in like we do with the bank feeds because of things like the unearned revenue and stuff like that so uh that's what we're doing here so let's go ahead and save it and then I can match it and that would show our increase so if I go back to the balance sheet and update it then we can now see that we had the increase another $25 in the primary investments now the last thing just to note here before we stop this one is like the primary investments let's say at the end of the month or the end of the quarter it went up by $500 so you look at your investment accounts and they now are at $10,525.50 right if that if that were the case then you're going to say well I want to write my amount up to the market value that you might do periodically that increase is not going to go through the bank feeds because there's no we didn't realize that we haven't yet sold it so the easiest thing to do is do that with a journal entry periodically from the financial statements and record the other side to the income statement you could record it to the balance sheet but a lot of times people like to record it to the income statement I would record it at the bottom as some kind of other income so let's just see what that would look like so if I go to the tab to the right I'm going to go to the accounting drop down and let's go into our chart of accounts and let's add another account for like other income it's going to be at the bottom somewhere so we have you know bank record let's say let's say it's $7500 let's go with so I'm going to add an account I'm going to call it $7500 on the number and it's going to be an other income type of account so other income and so then the name of this thing is going to be unrealized unrealized gains slash losses now it could go either way so I'm going to say slash losses because we could have gains we could have losses they could flip this account it could be positive or negative right so I'm going to I'm going to add that and then let's enter a journal entry so let's go to the I'm going to accounting let's go to our reports and then I'm going to go into that journal report that's where we find our journal entry journal reports and then let's add a journal and this is going to be to recognize gains unrealized gains and the date and sometime in 2022 we're going to say 2022 and so so now we could we could put it into the primary account directly or we could add a new account that recognized the unrealized gains in other words you might try to track your actual uh the actual investment amount versus the amount that is hopefully an a gain due to unrealized gains the value of the stock going up and you could try to make that a subsidiary account let me just show you what I mean I'm going to make this one 1456 so I'm going to say 1456 is that right let me check that one more time uh investment account 1456 yeah why am I doubting I'm doubting myself so let's do this again uh 1456 1456 it's going to be an other current asset I'm going to call it uh primary unrealized gains slash losses all right and then I'm going to say save it now this isn't an income statement account this is going to be the balance sheet account it's going to be next to the primary account let's say it went up by $500 and then the other side's going to go to unrealized gains and losses on the income statement right here boom and for $500 so there we have it uh that looks good so let's save it and check it out so if I go back to the balance sheet then now I update this now instead of putting it into here directly I made this other account I want to make this account a subsidiary account in essence of the primary primary investment account let's see if we could do that we're getting double layers layers upon layers of our groupings so I'm going to go into here and say that I want to make uh this this account uh we're don't a this one and this one I'm going to group those together as uh primary America primary America investments and then see if I can do that that so now I've got that let's see what it looks like update it and check it out all right so now we've got we've got the in in investments we've got the b of a and then we've got the primary got investments and under the primary got investments we have this amount which were which represents hopefully our actual investment this amount represents the uh increase for unrealized gains this is the total amount which should tie out to our current uh our current statement balance and then this is the amount of the total investments so you can see it gets a little bit complicated when I add that the other methods you could use is just combine this into this number and you won't be tracking your investment versus the unrealized gains but if you use this kind of reporting method you could collapse some of these columns too so for example if I wanted to go in here now and say I just want to see investments and then these two I can collapse the primary a bit right and then I can just say update it like this and now I've got my uh investments and then and then b of a and primary America and these two have been combined together which is neat if I just want to see my investments this is more flexibility than a lot of other software that can I can collapse my investments and check that out and so now I can go down and I can see just our investments account with both of them combined together so really pretty cool so you can have you might have external reports that you that you make and internal reports that you make so that you could see that detail I'm going to unco undo that so we could see it again update let's go to the income statement and update the income statement to see that and on the income statement the unrealized gains and losses are at the bottom here which is what we want because we haven't really realized them this is my income from normal operations this is my other income to get to the net income so that's why it's a it's nice tool to have that unrealized items kind of at the bottom so that you could predict what's going to happen in the future from the normal operations and then tack on this stuff that's not really part of the normal type of operations all right let's go ahead and open a trial balance and just see where we stand tab into the right accounting drop down or let's let's actually add another tab and then and then do that accounting drop down reports and I'm going to go into the trial balance type in in trial balance trial balance and let's go ahead and keep that so you can see this is basically constructing things as we go right the checking account the accounts receivable here's our investment accounts they're not sub-categorized out in here because we're not we're taking away the sub-categories and just kind of showing just the balance sheet on top of the income statement without the subtotals and then there we have it debits and credits are in balance that's the same thing as saying the balance sheet is in balance assets equal liabilities plus equity how does the income statement fit into this whole thing this retained earnings is pulling in from the income statement the income statement giving more detail about that retained earnings


Tự đi reminding the university Now I'm waiting for the result and I want to improve my speaking skills to go abroad I've taken an iL exam and I have a sick on speaking test Now I'm trying to learn from speaking club Ủa hả? Ừ. Ở Skype, nếu tôi đến bộ phim, tôi có thể tìm một bộ phim ở bộ phim để quay đổi. Ừ. Được rồi. Có lẽ ở nhà có nhiều người tìm cách tìm cách tìm cách này. Vì vậy. Vì vậy. Vì vậy. Được rồi. Tôi đã tìm một bộ phim. Và tôi đã tìm một bộ phim xong. Tôi đã tìm cách xong trong 6 m월. Điều này là rất đẹp. Tôi thích nhiều. Bây giờ, và làm gì về việc hạ hợp ngài? Chúng ta có thể hạ hợp ngài không? Chúng ta vive ở Nha Ra. Mà kinh tục của mình là... Mà chúng ta là áp đề. Tôi không có năng lượng này. Tôi cần hạ hợp ngài. Nhưng sometimes, like in Facebook, I have some friends in Facebook, they are American friends, so I'm trying to talk with them in English. You mean over Skype? Not Skype, typing, actually typing. Have you ever thought to suggest that they do a talk to you over Google Hangout or over Skype? You know, the difference of time, sometimes the people don't have time to talk with me, you know. What's helped you improve your English? Because in Canada, dancing in Montreal, for find out a better job, you're supposed to speak English, you're supposed to speak English fluently, otherwise you're supposed to do a bad job. I've got a lot of friends and then I'm just to give them this website and then to listen in English and then to subscribe and learn in English. And I'm just to give them an advice because with viewing in English, it just helped me to talk to anybody in English to not fluently. But I think if I find out someone to practice English all the time, I will be able to speak English fluently. I read every day about hour in Voice of America website and listening to the news only. And what about to practice your speech? How do you practice your speaking skills? No, I don't know anyone, but I need to know someone, but I can't find it. How can I find someone to talk with him?


In Louisiana, crawfish are caught, cooked, cleaned, and of course consumed. Crawfish contribute to the economy through job opportunities, farm income, and wholesale and retail sales. Now through marketing campaigns, crawfish are being enjoyed outside of their traditional marketplace with the opportunity for further expansion. With all of this going for crawfish, it's time to celebrate Louisiana's culinary crustacean. Crawfish production is the largest crustacean aquaculture industry in North America and is located primarily in the southern U.S. The industry focuses on raising the animals for human consumption, although some are sold as fish bait, for aquariums, or for research. But the bulk of the industry is geared toward producing food for people. The culture of crawfish evolved primarily in Louisiana, and that state continues to dominate the industry in both culture and capture fisheries, with total annual yields of about 80 million pounds. Crawfish are also grown in several other states including Texas, Arkansas, Mississippi, and in both North and South Carolina. Two species of crawfish dominate the industry, the red swamp crawfish and the white river crawfish. They are often found together in commercial fishery and in culture ponds. The two species have similar ecological and cultural requirements and may be similar in appearance to inexperienced persons. Though the white river crawfish is often lighter in color, sometimes having a whitish appearance. Color alone is an unreliable means for distinguishing them. Other key features of the white river species, such as longer, slender claws, lack of a dark pigmented stripe underneath the tail, and a wider gap where the two halves of the carapace meat are better identifiers. The abundance of each species varies among ponds, however the red swamp crawfish usually dominates and is preferred in the marketplace. Despite efforts to limit culture to the red swamp species, both are responsive to production methods. Crawfish aquaculture developed around an existing commercial fishery. Early immigrants took advantage of Louisiana's extensive wetlands to harvest game and fish and discovered the crawfish were excellent table fair. Crawfish thrive in the Mississippi flood plain of the Chaffelile River basin and are adapted to flooding and drying conditions common in this system. Their abundance and acceptance as a food source led to the commercial fishery industry. However, this fishery is seasonal and corresponds to extended periods of flooding. Harvest is highest in years when high water levels are sustained and low when water levels are low or floods short-lived. Farming practices began modestly in the 1950s. The industry became more commercialized in the 1960s when rice farmers and landowners began to expand with crawfish. Rice farmers have suitable flat land, much of the necessary equipment and organic residue left over from the rice harvest. Crawfish was the logical choice for second off-season crop. Because of expanding markets for crawfish and low-profits for agronomic crops, land devoted to crawfish grew rapidly until the late 1980s when it peaked at more than 130,000 acres in Louisiana. Most rice and crawfish farmers regard crawfish culture as a vital component of an integrated farming system. However, very few producers make their sole living on raising crawfish. The life cycle of the crawfish is well-suited to fluctuating periods of flooding and drying. Sustained periods of flooding, either by nature or people, permit crawfish to feed, grow, and mature. Draining promotes the oxidation of bottom sediments, reduces aquatic predators, and allows for the establishment of vegetation which serves as cover for crawfish and food resources when flooded. Crawfish survive the dry intervals by digging burrows for moisture and to avoid predators. Crawfish have adapted to reproduce within the protection of the burrow. Mating occurs in open water and the female stores sperm in a protective receptacle, usually until she retreats to the protection of the burrow to spawn several weeks later. Burrows are simple, nearly vertical tunnels two or three feet deep. Entrances are often marked by the characteristic chimney and are found slightly above the water on pond levees or associated with puddles under drying conditions. Burrows usually contain a single female or male and a female. Burrowing occurs at any time of the year, but mostly beginning in late spring as crawfish mature and ponds are drained. Survival in the burrow depends primarily on moisture in the burrow and health of the animal. Immature crawfish and those forced to burrow by rapidly dropping water levels may construct shallow burrows that are ineffective at maintaining moisture for survival. Soil types with limited clay content or soil with very high clay content that cracks during severe drought may also limit crawfish survival. Although crawfish can survive in humidified conditions within the burrow, free water is necessary for reproduction. While ovarian and embryo development are temperature dependent, the incubation period is about three weeks at temperatures typical to the summer burrow. The number of offspring produced varies with the size and condition of the female. Large crawfish can have more than 500 young. Hatchlings are attached to the female through two motes and then remain with her for several weeks. The female and her young must leave the burrow within a reasonable time because little food is available in the burrows and females are known to cannibalize their young. Crawfish are confined until the hard plug that seals the burrow is softened by external moisture. Pond flooding in combination with heavy rainfall encourage crawfish to emerge. Brute females emerge with young or eggs attached to their abdomen. Hatchlings are separated from the females and become independent. Because reproduction is somewhat synchronized in pond-reared crawfish, ponds are flooded in autumn to coincide with the main period of hatching. However, the white river crawfish usually spawn only in early autumn, while the red swamp crawfish may reproduce at any time. Peak recruitment for the red swamp crawfish usually occurs in autumn with subsequent minor waves of hatchlings throughout the year. This continuous recruitment leads to differential growth rates and a population of mixed sizes. Crawfish must mow or shed their hard exoskeleton to grow. The growth process involves periodic episodes of molting with an inner-mote period between each shedding incident. Molting is hormonally controlled and happens more frequently in younger animals. Frequent molting and rapid growth occur in ponds when temperatures are optimum, food resources are adequate, and crawfish are not overcrowded. Typically, harvest size is reached in three to five months. Both males and females mow to a sexually active stage and growth ceases. Sexually mature animals exhibit distinct characteristics such as darker coloration and large claws and fully developed sexual structures. Mature males develop permanent hooks at the base of the third and fourth walking leg. The number of mature crawfish will increase as the temperatures of late spring increase. Females were made after their maturity mowed and began the process of constructing burrows at the water's edge. Crawfish eat both plant and animal matter. Crawfish will consume plant material when no other food source is available. However, they get little nourishment from plant material alone. Decomposing plant material with its associated microorganisms called detritus is preferred and has a higher food value. Although crawfish can sustain themselves by eating detritus, the ability to use it as a main food source appears to be limited. For maximum growth, they must feed on high energy seeds and the rich assortment of invertebrates and other high protein sources available such as worms, mulusk and other crustaceans. The main role of the forage crop is to provide the fuel that drives the food chain with crawfish at the top of the food chain. Because commercial production dictates high crawfish densities and because the season is long, the food chain requires a forage crop that yields plant fragments consistently over the course of a season. Crawfish production requires an understanding of the natural life cycle processes, providing conditions that facilitate reproduction and growth and a means to harvest. Current farming practices are based on annual hydrological cycles and conditions with little additional inputs. Flooding and draining mimics natural cycles, although the control achieved with aquaculture provides for the optimum conditions regarding timing and length of flood periods and a degree of control over water quality. Crawfish aquaculture relies on natural reproduction so no hatcheries or nurseries are needed. Crawfish and commercial ponds depend on an available food web for nourishment. Supplemental feeding is not a common practice nor has it been shown to be effective in increasing yield or harvest size. Crawfish farming follows two main approaches, monocropping or single crop system when only crawfish are harvested or the second system is the multi crop system where rice grain is incorporated into the system along with crawfish. In some instances another agronomic crop is incorporated. The multi crop system can be further broken down into two different management types. There may be several variations within any of these systems but the basic cultural requirements for producing crawfish are similar. In single crop systems rice may be planted as a food resource but grain is either not harvested or not produced because of the later planning date. This method is favored by small farms for where marginal crop land is being used. Permanent ponds or sites devoted to several consecutive years of production are used in this strategy. The main advantage is that producers can manage for maximum crawfish production without concerns associated with other crops such as pesticide exposure or seasonal limitations. Crawfish yields typically range from less than 200 pounds per acre in large low-input systems to more than 1500 pounds and intensely managed ponds. Disadvantages of the single crop system include the need to construct ponds. In the multi crop system established rice fields serve this purpose. The cost of a single crop system is amortized to one crop only and overcrowding usually occurs in several cycles particularly in small ponds. These ponds often yield stunning crawfish that are difficult to market. Single crop farming begins with the construction of ponds that must be completed before early summer to allow the stocking of brood stock. Stocking typically occurs in late April through July. Because crawfish burrow into levees, major levee renovations after stocking can hurt production the following season. Ponds are drained several weeks after stocking and are prepared for the establishment of a forage crop. Native voluntary vegetation can sometimes be an effective resource and cheaper to establish but it's unreliable and often insufficient for maximum crawfish production. Crops such as rice or sorghum sudan grass have been the most effective forages for crawfish. Rice however is the preferred forage crop. Because of its semi aquatic nature it persists well in flooded fields and more consistently breaks down into basic food resources. Time of planting is probably the most important consideration in forage management. Farmers should plant early enough to maximize vegetative growth but not so early that the plants reach full maturity. A crop that reaches full maturity before winter tends to become depleted prematurely. In Louisiana the most appropriate time for planting ranges from late July to mid-August for rice and mid to late August for sorghum sudan grass. The LSU AgCenter has developed the only rice variety specifically for use in single crop ponds. Ekravice, the French word for crawfish was released in 2004 and possesses more of the desired traits for crawfish production than those varieties grown in commercial grain production. Ekravice provides more forage biomass, better persistence under the extended flood conditions of a crawfish pond and grows better after winter than other domestic varieties. Ekravice is limited to single crop crawfish systems because of its short grains and poor milling traits. While rice is more forgiving and typically easy to grow with adequate irrigation, sorghum sudan grass may be more suitable where a summer irrigation is not available or the optimum window for planting rice has passed. Sorghum sudan grass grows fast, has drought tolerant and can be planted later than rice. Pond flooding can commence in September and rice fields in October where sorghum sudan grass is established. Depending on growing conditions and crawfish density, harvesting may begin in early November in established ponds or as late as February or March in new ponds. Harvesting continues until the yield becomes so low that harvesting is no longer justified or is unprofitable. Not all of the crawfish are captured so ponds typically do not have to be restocked. As crawfish mature they will seek higher ground and retreat to burrows to survive the summer months and reproduce to populate the pond the following season. Usually ponds that remain in production for several years do not need to be restocked. Crop rotational systems that include crawfish involve rice harvesting or may include soybeans or another commodity in sequence. There are two different approaches to the co-culture of crawfish and rice. In both strategies crawfish culture follows the harvest and the forage crop for crawfish is derived from regrowth of rice double after grain harvest. Advantages of these double cropping strategies include efficient land use, labor and farm equipment. Also some fixed cost and the cost of rice establishment can be amortized over two or more crops instead of one. One approach is the rice crawfish rice rotation. This system takes advantage of the seasonality of each crop to obtain two crops in one year and the same field. Rice is grown and harvested during the summer with fields reflooded in early autumn. Late winter and early spring are devoted to harvesting crawfish. In late spring ponds are drained and rice is planted to begin the cycle. This approach is similar to the single crop system in that stocking is needed only in new ponds. However the harvest season is often cut short to facilitate the planting of the subsequent rice crop. This cropping approach is most difficult to manage because yields of crawfish and rice may suffer because of constraints of timing, pesticide use and other issues. This type of crop rotation accounts for a small percentage of producers because of the limitations placed upon it. However, under well-managed systems crawfish yields can approach that of a well-managed single crop system. The second and more common multi-cropping approach involves field rotation. In Louisiana, rice farms are normally composed of several fields, managed independently, with some fields always out of rice production in a given year. Rice is not typically cultivated in the same field during consecutive years to aid in the control of weeds and diseases. As with the rice crawfish rice rotation scenario, crawfish culture follows the rice cultivation in the field rotation approach. Therefore, crawfish production does not occur in the same field in consecutive years. Rice is typically planted in early spring for greatest yields. When the crop reaches a height of about 12 to 16 inches, brood stock are introduced into the growing rice crop at low densities of about 40 to 60 pounds per acre. Stock may come from a neighboring field, often separated by a road or a levee or purchased from outside sources. These adult crawfish will eventually burrow into the levees around the field and will not affect rice yields. The fill will be drained and rice harvest will occur in August while the crawfish are safely burrowed. The fill might be irrigated or flooded lightly to encourage regrowth of forage that will serve as the food resource for growing crawfish. Since these fills would not have been in production the previous year and flood dates are later than for single crop ponds, few crawfish reach harvestable size until February or early March. Harvesting is delayed when compared to other production approaches where crawfish are reared in the same location each year. However, because the fill will remain fallow during the summer or accommodate a late soybean crop following the crawfish harvest, harvesting can proceed much longer than with the rice crawfish rice approach. A fill rotational approach while requiring more total land area ensures more precise management of each crop. The next rice crop will be planted at the optimum time. Typically while crawfish harvest is ongoing in an adjacent field. When soybeans are included in the rotation following crawfish, three crops can be realized in two years. This approach is based on sufficient land resources to allow staggered crops in different fields within a farm and as the preferred cropping system for the larger commercial farms. The advantages of this system over rice crawfish rice rotation within the same fill continuously are that each crop can be better managed and the crawfish season can be extended. By rotating physical locations each year, over population is rarely a problem and crawfish are usually larger because of low densities. Crawfish yields under this management approach are generally not as high as single crop systems or well managed rice crawfish rice systems. However, with proper management, yields can exceed 800 pounds per acre of large high value crawfish. Other disadvantages of this production system include the need to restock each year and the bulk of the harvest season coincides with the clients in market price due to a more abundant supply of crawfish. Groundwater and surface water are used in pond culture and either is satisfactory provided the quality and quantity are acceptable. Groundwater is preferred because of the absence of predatory fish and it is less likely to contain pesticides or industrial residues. However, higher pumping costs are associated with groundwater and at times may be low and dissolved oxygen and high in hydrogen sulfide but adequate aeration can rectify this problem. Surface water is usually cheaper but less dependable in quantity and quality and must be screened for fish. Pond depth ranges from 10 inches to 2 feet or more. Factors influencing depth include levy capacity, pond bottom grade, forage type, trap design and personal preference. Water requirements vary over the season depending on evaporation and rainfall patterns. But 2 to 5 acre feet per surface acre of pumping capacity is commonly needed each season. Water quality requirements for crawfish are similar to other aquatic species. Crawfish are more tolerant to low dissolved oxygen levels which is very hard to manage in forage based systems. Mechanical aeration is not widely used. Water exchange or flushing has been a management tool for increasing dissolved oxygen content but the elevated price of energy and unproven utility of this practice has discouraged its use in recent years except in extreme cases. Management is relegated to optimizing flood dates to take advantage of cooler weather and slower decomposition rates and to shallow initial food depths to minimize the exposure of vegetation subject to decomposition. Heavy vegetative cover encompassing the pond area limits the harvesting options in crawfish agriculture. Sane harvesting, a common method for many agricultural species doesn't work for crawfish. Instead the crawfish industry relies on baited traps. The shallow nature of farm ponds allows the use of the pyramid trap. This trap is a wire mesh trap and gets its name from its shape. The trap is positioned upright in the pond with the top extending above water. The top is open to permit rapid removal of crawfish and rebaiting. A retainer collar at the top prevents crawfish from escaping through the top and serves as a handle. The size and shape of the mesh wire used to construct the trap governs the size of crawfish caught. Most traps are made of three-quarter or seven-eighth inch plastic coated square mesh wire. These mesh sizes prevent capture of undersized crawfish. Traps are most effective when distributed throughout the pond and are normally set in rows to accommodate harvest by boat. Most ponds larger than four acres are harvested with the aid of a motorized flat bottom boat designed for shallow water propulsion. Several boat types and propulsion designs are available. The most common consists of an aluminum boat equipped with a hydraulically driven metal wheel that extends beyond the boat and either pushes or pulls the boat through the pond. A gas engine inside the boat powers the hydraulic system for propelling and steering the boat. The boat travels down the lane of traps. Traps are emptied and rebaited from one side of the boat, often without stopping at the traps. Producers use 10-20 traps per acre. Harvesting begins as soon as the catch can be justified based on catch efficiency and market prices, usually several months after flooding. Trapping frequency varies with catch efficiency and marketing conditions, but traps are typically emptied two to six days per week for three to eight months. Catch efficiency is determined by many factors but rally exceeds two pounds per trap per day on a sustained basis. One half pound to a pound per trap is more common. Two categories of bait are used to attract raw fish. Natural baits of fish such as shad, pogi, or carp are commonly used when temperatures are below 70 degrees. Though fish bait is much more expensive and requires cold storage, it is still the most cost-effective bait for cool water. Producers will quickly switch to formulated or manufactured baits when waters warm. These pellet type baits are made mostly of grain and do not require additional handling or refrigerated storage. Most baiting regimes are based on a 24-hour trap set, but in cooler water, 48-hour or longer sets are sometimes used. Occasionally when waters are warm and harvest is near peak, a 12-hour set may be used. Harvesting is the most labor-intensive part of profish farming and typically 50% to 70% of their total direct expenses are associated with harvesting. Bait and labor required for trapping are the greatest expenses. The minimum acceptable size for individual crawfish and food markets varies with season, abundance, and price. Preferences are for crawfish larger than 25 count to the pound. Size achievable for pond-reared crawfish is dictated largely by environmental conditions rather than age. Crowding slows growth, often causing crawfish to mature at smaller sizes. Crawfish are very aggressive and those with large claws tend to intimidate, out-compete, and cannibalize smaller individuals. To achieve high yields in commercial production, crawfish must be harvested soon after reaching acceptable market size. This removes larger individuals from the population, leaving room and food resources for undersized animals and lessens the domination factor. Crawfish catch from production ponds is dependent mainly on water temperature and density of marketable crawfish, but the catch can vary two to three fall from day to day and is influenced by many factors. Weather events, bait type and quality, and molting patterns of crawfish play a role in the variation of the daily catch. The daily yield of crawfish from aquaculture ponds is also highly seasonal with the peak occurring from March through June. Fortunately, the peak production of crawfish in Louisiana coincides with peak demand. Most of the domestic supply is consumed in Louisiana and surrounding southern states, in particularly Texas and along the coast of Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. Crawfish are initially marketed live for farmers and a large portion of final sales to consumers are for live crawfish. Live crawfish demands the highest prices with the largest animals bringing the premium prices. Producers of large crawfish have a competitive advantage, especially when the supply of crawfish exceeds demand. Most producers sell live crawfish to a primary wholesaler or processor, although a limited supply is sold directly to retail stores, restaurants and consumers. Highest demand by consumers and restaurants is on weekends with limited retail sales early in the week. The live product with this restricted shelf life of no more than several days largely dictates harvesting schedules and market plans. Shelf life also effectively limits regional and national distribution. Whether served in households or retail outlets live crawfish are typically bold and consumed high and fresh in a festive atmosphere.  When crawfish are abundant or when live markets become saturated a portion of the annual crop is processed and sold as fresh or frozen tail meat. The most popular processed product is cooked, hand peeled and deveined meat which is sold in 12-ounce or one-pound packages. This package may be packed with or without the yellow liver-like tissue commonly referred to as the fat. This edible tissue is flavorful and an important condiment in Louisiana cuisine. The processed meat yield for cooked crawfish is about 15% of live weight. Immature crawfish yield 45% more meat than mature individuals because they have smaller claws and thinner shells. Cooking time and peeling technique can also influence meat yield because all processing is by hand. Crawfish meat is used in many ways and can substitute in many shrimp recipes. The amount of crawfish processed for tail meat in Louisiana varies annually but since the introduction of inexpensive crawfish meat from China less than 10% of the annual crop is now processed for meat. Another product form is cooked whole crawfish usually served fresh and hot. Traditionally crawfish in the southern US are cooked with red pepper base spices and seasonings often with onions potatoes and corn that complement the meal. The consumer extracts the edible portions of the crawfish by hand. Increasingly popular in Louisiana and within the range of delivery for live crawfish outside of Louisiana are retail outlets and restaurants serving hot boiled crawfish. Small seasonally operated takeout outlets have developed wherever live crawfish can be readily obtained and many businesses also cater boiled crawfish to large groups, parties and festivals using custom boiling rigs. Grading by size is usually not practiced early in the production season when supply is low and demand is high for crawfish of all sizes but as the volume of crawfish increases in early spring size grading becomes a standard practice for servicing the market demand for large crawfish. Nearly all grading occurs at wholesale outlets or processing plants using modified vegetable graders or custom-made graders. Currently no uniform size or grade standards exist for crawfish as with other seafoods hindering market development and expansion. But based on a number of production and marketing conditions crawfish are typically graded into three classes. Larger crawfish are sold to restaurants with the smallest being processed for meat or blended with larger individuals for large volume sales. Marketing of domestically produced crawfish has been complicated in recent years by imports of crawfish products. Nearly 16 million pounds of imported frozen processed meat and whole boiled crawfish mostly from China are brought into the United States. Although an anti-dumping tariff has been imposed by the U.S. Department of Commerce on much of the imported crawfish meat damage to the U.S. processing industry has occurred with nearly a 90% reduction in processing capacity in Louisiana. As a consequence each year thousands of tons of smaller crawfish are not harvested for the lack of adequate lab markets and processing infrastructure. Although demand for crawfish in Louisiana is high and markets are expanding in adjacent states crawfish are in direct competition with products such as shrimp, prawns, lobsters and crabs. Because of restricted geographical areas of production seasonal supply on stable prices and cultural wars crawfish sales nationally have been limited but have increased in recent years assisted by the foreign imports of frozen products. Supply and demand relationships are reflected in price variations from year to year and week to week during the harvest. Prices are highest in winter and early spring when supply is relatively low. Prices usually declined significantly in late spring and summer when supplies peak and demand for other locally produced seafood such as shrimp and crabs increases. In Louisiana prices decline from 40 to 55% for fill run crawfish within several weeks during peak production that crawfish size decreases. But the price drop for larger crawfish is substantially less. In some instances large crawfish command a wholesale price two to three times higher than medium or small crawfish. As a rule of thumb the wholesale price for a pound of crawfish meat is 10 to 12 times higher than the wholesale price of a pound of live crawfish. To provide a more appealing product for live market a small number of producers have adopted the practice of purging crawfish before selling them. Crawfish are confined in water or very human conditions where food is with hail for 12 to 24 hours. This process cleans away mud and debris and eliminates or reduces digester in the intestine which consumers find unappealing. This method should not be confused with the practice of immersing crawfish in salt water immediately before boiling which is not effective in evacuating the gut and is little more than an external wash. To encourage purging crawfish are held in raceways or tanks within specially constructed boxes or baskets that are usually suspended in water. Equally effective but seldom used is a water spray system where crawfish are held in shallow pools of water under a constant spray or mist. Holding crawfish in air raid vats or purging systems under crowded conditions for more than 24 hours is not recommended because of the possibility of excessive mortality. Though purging increases the cost of the product purge crawfish have higher consumer acceptance particularly outside of traditional markets. Some people who have eaten crawfish for many years are accustomed to non-purge crawfish and do not find them objectionable although many prefer purged if the cost was reasonable. The abrasive action of crawfish together during purging effectively polishes the shells. However, for non-purged animals and excessively stained batches of crawfish processors may do further cleaning. External cleaning of live crawfish with absquabic or citric acid and baking soda is becoming increasingly common. Crawfish are stored and transported in plastic mesh sacks. Sacks hold between 35 to 45 pounds of crawfish. This method is preferred over rigid containers such as totes because crawfish can be packed in a manner that prevents damage from claws which can happen when animals are not sufficiently restricted. Sacks should not be packed too tightly to minimize crushing but enough to restrict movement. Sacks of live crawfish can be transported in open bed trucks for short distances. However, wholesalers can haul live crawfish over long distances or large quantities do so in insulated trucks. Crushed ice is placed over the sacks and non-refrigerated trucks and in some cases refrigerated trucks to reduce crawfish metabolism and maintain a high level of humidity which increases the shelf life of live crawfish. High survival during transport and storage begins by ensuring crawfish are handled properly and harvested from ponds with good water quality. Crawfish should be transported to own the form coolers or to market as soon after harvest as possible and protected from excessive wind and bright sunlight. Sacks should not be stacked so high that crawfish on the bottom are crushed. Sacks of live crawfish in good physiological condition can be held in high humidity coolers at 38 to 46 degrees for up to several days prior to pilling or consumption. Gill moisture is crucial for survival of crawfish held in coolers. This is usually accomplished by periodic wetting of the crawfish or placement of wet burlap or ice over the sacks of crawfish. Chill crawfish can be placed in stackable plastic tote boxes inside the cooler with the top tote filled with ice. Melting ice is allowed to trickle down through the totes to provide the necessary moisture. Placing non-chill crawfish in totes is not recommended because damage can occur to the crawfish as a result of the claws of the animals. For years crawfish have been a Louisiana cultural icon. Now it seems much of the southeast is learning that crawfish are more than just good catfish bait. They contribute to the economy by providing jobs and additional income to farmers at a time of depressed commodity prices. Best of all crawfish is a delicacy anytime of the year with boar crawfish being a springtime favorite and the centerpiece of backyard celebrations across Louisiana and maybe one day soon


What's good everybody Chris from jassescasebricks.com. Happy Thursday Starting off the day with 2023 top sterling baseball four box case break PYT number three the last one We're gonna have on the site right now But you see I'm just for the occasion looking sharp and spiffy because it's a wax party giveaway spot Our first introduced it back on the site wax party number three This is our first spot for it. So PYT style. I'm gonna print out our names here We'll do the break first, of course and at the very very ends. We'll grab those 30 names right here Welcome into a fresh dice and a fresh list We'll randomize in the top spot. We'll get our first invitation to the wax party some fun fun stuff coming up this week Check out that site that that part on the site that section 100,000 plus and giveaways Bunch of sealed boxes in cases 200 total spots and we're gonna give away the first one right here But sterling PYT number three to start us off James and the D-backs Rob grab the last eight spots last eight teams a litany of teams Then who's the Washington Nationals as our last spot mojo? All right, let's do it though. Let's start off the day With a bang Thanks again everyone getting in like I said no more sterling on the site for now But always check back on the site jazzy's case breaks calm Right here we'll use to hide our hits First box Two mini boxes with one card each Some nasty nasty stuff. I know Joe and Jason each did one yesterday with some some actually monsters in there So I'm hoping we can continue. Good luck everyone First box You got sell young award winners and 2010s MOB all starts first one Nice the professor Greg Maddox nine out of ten triple relic and auto going to the Atlanta Braves and Steve Nice start there Three thousand three hundred and seventy one strikeouts nine out of ten 2010 MOB all stars No peeking Nice George Springer five out of 25 on the dual relic and auto And that's toronto wu jays edition. It's going to go to ed p All game used on the memorabilia as well bats and jersey relics box two MVP award winners And fielding award winners gold and platinum gloves Given what you shared not a bronze glove.  Good luck everyone. Gonna be joey vado. Nice 2010 and lmvp going to the Cincinnati Reds and dy That is 22 out of 25 On the dual relic and auto joey vado. All right third box now second half 2023 rookies that's gonna be an rpa And 1980s MLB all-stars with our all-stars first Two out of 25 robbing yelts One more for rob and the brewers dual relic and auto a little bit of the pinch strike A little bit of the bats all right 2023 rookies Nice bret Beatty Lighting it up right now for the new york Mets going to brian 18 out of 25 on the dual relic and auto 18 out of 25 rpa for bret Beatty One last box And then it's party time That was a nice one. This is good. He's been really good to start off the air. All right last box folks We got 500 home run club And the tops all-star rookie cup team Let's call it a shot David Ortiz I'm gonna call my shot and say ken griffy jr. It's a thinner one might be a cut Let's see I think so. I think it is a cut auto Eddie matthews very nice Old school atlanta brection technically a Milwaukee break before they became the atlanta break That's still going to steve And the braves nice man. Congrats That is a one of one Cut signature eddie matthews Very nice Ken actually pretty close on that hank erin guys He was close called hank erin That would not have been a bad guess right there And our last one tops all-stars rookie cup team dicks trying to hide I'm gonna slow play here folks Won't let me do my job All right, one last one Vladimir Guerrero jr. Triple rally canado six out of ten for the toronto blue jays one for ed p nice He's been hot too six out of ten On the vladi jr. Nice. Let's do a little recap here Very fun break. Thanks again y'all sterling always a fun one Just uh, just so much quality vladi jr. Out of ten Brett Beatty out of 25 rpa robin yelp out of 25 Joey vada out of 25 christian yellich out of 10 George Springer out of 25 Greg Maddox out of 10 and a one-of-one eddie matthews cut signature for the braves. All right I would say thanks again and and check back in but we got one more thing to do here. Let's switch screens And let's give away a wax party spot Raise the roof a little bit James at the top Down to rob with the gnats one of those last spot mojo's number one spot gets him Top one. Let's roll our dice and randomize our list three and two five times At the end of five top name gets it. Good luck everyone. It thinks one more time one two three Four and five fifth and funnel time. Good luck five times So two to 30 sad times. Thanks for getting in but 200 wax party spots. You got 199 chances to to get in dy at five steve at four brine at three edit two Well, let's see you get since spot one is victor Victor will grab the first of 200 wax party spots. Let's take you right here Into our wax party and we'll call this one 2023 sterling baseball PYT number three There we go victor congrats first spot in the wax party. Thanks again everyone for getting in wax party at jaspyscasebrakes.com Thanks again. Bye. Bye


The wild forest to conquer offers an opportunity for the delegates to see the trends in thinking about global forests and how they contribute to the lives of the people. It's also a big opportunity for me to interact with other delegates from the world and see their thinking on how forestry is affecting the lives of our people, especially in the African continent. Locally controlled forest businesses in mind thinking they offer the greatest opportunity for the African people to fight poverty, to create employment, to improve the livelihoods and household incomes. And we consider the small businesses across Africa as one of the biggest private sectors that needs an enabling environment for each tribe and for the farmers to operate properly so that they get maximum benefits from their forest enterprises. I have a lot of hopes for African forests, especially on the areas of sustainable management of forests by the local communities. And that's why we are hoping to connect all the forest and farm producers across Africa through the African forest enterprises connecting network so that we can have a knowledge network that is able to provide services to all these producers across the continent. And our hope is that through the African net we are able to engage positively with stakeholders either in the private sector, in the public sector, within the CSOs and the produce organizations themselves so that we have a common understanding of value addition and how we can access markets for the forest and forest products.