Everybody for us tear ripping that gilded the light of chrome 10 box baseball mixture number two random teams I'm gonna read off the box here, and then we'll do the random. We'll get started We got a gilded collection from 23 23 chrome jumbo 22 chrome jumbo with the silver pack of the silver pack of course Then we have a 223 chrome update the light over there to the right 223 chrome update jumbo there in the middle 223 boom and chrome hobby, and then there's a 23 boom and chrome choice over there So there's the 10 boxes let's randomize and we will get started. Thanks everybody. Let's have a great mixer here Last one was fun six boxer moment ago. You got a one and four will go five times All I know is noles taking it all this year. It's all I know names first one two three four and Five Jeremy s down to Mauricio and the teams five times now one two three four and five Diamondbacks down to Mariners All right Jeremy s diamondbacks Rob T White Sox Matthew B red Sox Joseph V Brewer's Mark L Dodgers Joseph F Yankees Rob T Nationals Mauricio Marlins Chris V Phillies Rob T Astros Giants Nam Q with the Braves Rob T rays Scotty L Cubs Rob T Rockies Chris a Mets Mike C Royals Patrick O Orioles Rob T Angels Matthew B Cardinals Patrick Oh Guardians Brian a Pirates Mauricio a's less with the twins Scotty L Padres Rob T reds Josh M Rangers John B Tigers Justin K Jays and Mauricio with the Mariners and here comes the link for those results Those are available anytime elite and sports cards calm Let's have some fun Museum is at six to go second half the museum case. I'm gonna go tweet that out real quick Find us flashbacks down to one for the divisions Right Let's do some of these jumbos first. We'll do the update jumbos first two of those Is this a new patch break? I want to see a debut patch. We've been dying for one We haven't hit one in late sports cards yet. Oh, we needed one Hey, it'll start. I like a waterfall. We just get a bunch hit one then another one and then another one Blue refractor nice Ricky Otto Bryce terrain for the Brewers terrain get hang number to 150 Solid start got Freeman Jordan Walker action stars and a Jose Hernandez Ricky refractor Pittsburgh I'll take personals after this, but they were feeling pretty quick Check them again Prism is Matt Moore for the Angels Sure has the arm sounds to be a good NFL quarterback. I don't know if he Has everything right now Not right now anybody if you can get it. I'm not sure right of the all-star Aqua to 199 rookie for Atlanta Dylan Dodd prism Handlinger for the Giants and rookie refractor shoemaker Braves. Oh, I just saw something nice. Come on Gold mini diamond Rookie of Hobie Harris for the Nats number to 50 Aqua wave rookie Otto Mason Miller good stuff for the A's He's got pretty high potential there to 199 all-star Senga for the meds Costs action stars and a baby rookie refractor Guardians. Yeah, a lot of guys have the arm talent We've seen him make like all the throws. So I guess it's more of just like Can he do it because we see guys like Purdy that like doesn't have great arm strength ways accurate and he's good decision-maker I'm like that's literally that's everything Rookie prism Valdez Red Sox the greatest quarterback of all time was like the least athletic quarterback of all time He had a decently strong arm when he came to the league, but wasn't like a cannon Fractured a view nettoe for the angels. It's the hardest in the gauge, too Is the intelligence level? football smarts Walker Titans, Sonny Gray Mendic Prism Ricky Finn for the Nat or the Nats of the Mariners Ricky refractor Rockies, Nolan Jones Got a base order for the Mets Charlie Marte Chrome on there a ruler line on it I'm a full-pay Gavin Stone Ricky refractor. Even a guy like Breeze doesn't have like necessarily strongest arm, but smart and accurate But gents our rookie debut of 399 or Ts for the Orioles prism rookie debut Burleson Cardinals and a grammar factor Bring me my home as we get everything Yeah Accuracy is scrambling throwing on the run has a cannon. No looks lefty Got McLean rookie all down Got no receivers refractor debut is Mitchell for the Brewers Russian future stars for the O's prism or shallow angels and a thad Warder here factor for the Nets Another jumbo another 2023 update jumbo and we'll just keep going with the jumbo is here and then we'll go into the Bowman chromes The origin certified gold standard football mixer is sold out now Origins Bowman chrome you mixer Flawless for football then we also have two basketball breaks with spots left two baseball breaks and One hockey break good variety for a Monday night Extractor gonna be an all-star auto one big name. Come on big name Ozzy Albee's Atlanta extractor all-star auto to 125 Good hit good hit Walker rookie refractor bush Prism of Ozzo car Ricky refractor Dylan Dodd Refilling Clingy cards clingy cards. Let's see a debut. Come on purple refractor Tyler Anderson a 250 angels Prism Arsia Braves Fractured debut Coloss white socks preferably a monster debut patch Purple rookie auto Brewer's nice hit Garrett Mitchell to 250 Go one there Justin steal all-star Cubs cost us action stars and also car Dude Bryson keeps talking about getting Papa John's like every day because it's 50% off the next day after a magic win Oh, yeah, every time man Prism Jose Siri for the rays One day I'm gonna get the Chakarone Refractor debut Joey Weimer for the Brewers We'll be pal talking about that. It's like a grease mess. It was a bull's pepperoni just Grease getting a ragged and get all the grease up real quick gross. I'm cool with some grease on pizza A boat bait Titans Fractured a view baby for the Mets Gotta get the Chakarone. Give it go Yeah, dude, Lane's living off the awful Papa John's Prism Renfro for the angels. He's probably got like eight pizzas in his fridge. Just yeah ready to go refractor Devin Williams Yeah, I think Papa John's the past like several years like oh, yeah, cool. This deal is fine They're only gonna win like great. They're gonna like 25 games And now it's like oh damn we might be in trouble Yeah, they're winning twice a week at least Got rookie auto monastery over the Brewers Action starters vote pay for the Yankees They book at a second job delivering pizzas. Do you probably make a bank right now? Working on I'm working every day after Magic Games just in case that's what I'm doing I'm like rich. Can you match what Papa John's is paying me right now? Yeah Yellow mini diamond Brett wisely rookie the 75 for the Giants Prism debut Brett Bady Mets Might win 26 they might win 26 by by like the end of December Hope a rather green debut. That's impossible, but you don't even refractor debut Riley green for the Tigers Well last year what do they win last year because they were in the playoff hunt until like the last couple weeks So they weren't like a slouch of a team last year Salvi Perez Refractor debut Corbin Carroll Diamondbacks We'll go right into 2023 top scrom jumbo after this Yeah, there should be above 500 this year, which that's a lot of days 50% off man Prism is efflin for the rays Liar. All right 2023 tops chrome jumbo 22 and 60. Oh, yeah, they tailed off at the end. Yeah, they were the hunt that they just tailed off It's $9 for a two topping stuffed crust pizza.  No Plain smart all the extra money is going to gambling Yeah, I smart Knows what he's doing Rookie base auto under Santa Spinoza for the Padres. Oh, Tony. Hey, there it is. There's a ton of your factor Who's ain't angels and braves this break if you hit and this box specifically you hit some of this Let us know you do the buyback and you got to ship it It's already here Rob T. You're just a Rob T. Shoot us an email eight sports Roger gmail.com The vibe MVP way back is going on currently. What does it go to like March or something or February? I? Forget the date literally every time Yeah, I got to do it now Spencer before I'll show it. There's another one, Tony What's the back look like nice magenta speckle rookie Alvarez for the Mets out of 399 out of 350 Suki there, so you're probably definitely going to want to use this for the buyback because there is like Part of that plastic like cover Like the final layer. It's like it's like Clip the little ear. That's weird. It's not Paper isn't damaged, but yeah Fractor Otani will send a box wrapper, but probably just better. I've used that for the buyback Completely honest, especially since I did the refractors are 40 bucks But order a piece of 50% off from central, Florida. Where are you gonna? How are you gonna get it Spencer? It's gonna get a little liver to us Yeah, do it right now Magic did win yesterday, right? Yeah, they did beat the Hornets yesterday The funny thing about Papa John's though is for here You literally can't do the online thing because our address just changes to the other one that they always get delivered to Because I'm Robbie Ray Mariners refractor Machanigar.  Let's make it a big auto here. Yeah, we're doing great. That's every doing great Shohei Otani nice ultraviolet all-stars short prints Angels dude killing it here prison rookie bow nailer for the guardians Joe Musgrove Hope it's the Red Sox Nathan. I would love to see Otani on the Red Sox Sonata 125 Castillo for the Mariners Prism Semi and Rangers Rikki refractor Manessas Nationals Yeah, but then what if he just keeps being Shohei Otani? Is it the worst then? He gets healthy and is able to pitch again and he hits 40 plus bombs Is it then? Rikki auto Nate Eaton for the Royals Rikki refractor Spencer steer Reds So these going to the Dodgers Rikki refractor Outman Dodgers Lane, he'd be worth more than like their stadiums A's aren't gonna get him They would have to give him like 50% ownership of the franchise Yeah, man Prism Rikki Manessas Nationals Fractur Capri and Hayes Pirates They should say Shohei the commissioner honestly Prism Salvi Perez Royals refractor Vladdie jr Okay, 2022 tops chrome jumbo. I don't even know how many more of these we have it can't be many Can't be many Well, let's see a wit or a Julio or maybe a Do you see autos of those guys you just see an SP in a silver pack, but Nice to hit one of those dudes I guess he's rondo doing it for sure any like decently big market is in play like san francisco, seattle, san diego I don't think san diego like they're they're uh hurting for money, but Is it a cunha new classics prism rikki burger white socks? I would not but That just it just it's literally one of the things that we're just won't happen Aaron judge insert there aqua wave hendrix cubs to 199 Trout rikki refractor auto elliot ramos for the giants number to 499 with a mount castle refractor The orioles shohe has 1200 o.p.s in roger center Good lord prism kinder for lefa rangers rikki refractor zack pop marlins I believe it though. That's a hitter friendly park heart of the city harper brujan Base auto nikki lopez for the royals cool calhoun Roy like I said any like even if they're not the biggest market. They're still in play Giants mariners dodgers yankees mets red socks blue jays Who else who else could be in play cardinals? Maybe even maybe even You've classics there. He is a tonny prism of buxton refractor devours So to also So to the rays or a tonny to the rays, probably both A gentle speckle kepler number to 350 twins. Yeah, I wonder I wonder what they'll get while they shouldn't have gave xander that contract They overpaid the next coast's team by probably 80 mil Prism john means orioles xander's my guy, but jeez man kevin smith rikki auto for the for the blue jays rikki refractor zack pop marlins Hello jaker breaker mayfield over there J ram on the insert yellow col calhoun again Kuchy was good last year, right? Yeah, prism of schwerber for the red sox. There he is blue refractor rikki auto hulia What a hit. Let's go. Yeah, dude Mauricio with seattle 68 of 150 Bang a rang Cut your refractor for the fillies. Yeah, you did lane. Yeah, you did True blue, baby. Love to see it. Love to see it That was buyback last year Has anyone seen someone pull one of the buyback autos and the new uh The current year's top scrum Through the mixtures been delivering some heat We still got Delights to go choice of bowman chrome bowman chrome hobby and a gilded Plus that silver pack.  That'll get it going Kloss a refractor Okay, come on. Come on one time Even just an even just an sp Shers refractor. All right, nothing in the silver pack Uh Let's do the delights. We'll stick with the tops chrome theme. They go to bowman chrome. We'll we'll do it that way That's how we're gonna do it the lights two of them To update the lights, I will say Celebrity cocaps and I don't hate that all right, no, uh No debut here. Come on debut right in this one.  We we need it. We need it bad We have not hit one and we have ripped a ton of this stuff We're due We're due.  It's gotta happen this week Fractor baity debut ozzo car delay refractor Doyle Ben and tendi and alu Blue refractor is going to be tyler alexander detroit to 150 photo negative arcia braves purple rikki nardy for the marlins out of 250 youth quake of justin steel cubs Liberator purple rikki otto nice hit for the cardinals out of 250 Good stuff good stuff and a base rikki otto yiner diaz astros another solid hit Come on debut. Come on debut Come on. Do the do the debut patch dance There's not one now. I don't know what'll work dang it well The dance didn't work I sold my soul for that dance and it didn't even work Hmm worth a shot Fractor a bb goes in here nanda's pirate's rikki Scrum nolan jones rikki's rikki netto debut angels Yeah, that is shawn Yeah, I didn't know where he was dude uh rikki aqua blue at a 175 blake sable giants purple nick fortes marlins of 250 mason miller aqua blue rikki lava lamp Out of 175 a's nice card Youth quake netto for the angels purple blake sable rikki otto giants of 250 and a base otto pablo lopez for the twins All right, bowman chrome hobbies two of these He's not going to the jays Red Sox are gonna reassemble the wbc japan team Gonna get yamamoto Gonna be great Gonna get uh more commie in a couple years Sasaki in a few years three or four years for sasaki. Yeah Got that right frac der rookie astros the 499 hunter brown Thank god he did i'm getting tired of this florida nonsense where it's like 85 degrees in november That's crazy Can't stand it does like every year. It was like a week where you're like do why? At the very least i want to not run my ac like at the very least He did hit a pier garçon card last night. What's up, george? What's up george? Blaze jordan i mean he's got blaze jordan's got pretty high ceiling speckle Gutierrez rangers number two two ninety nine speckle first woman otto brennan malone to two ninety nine for the a's brennan malone related to sam related to sam malone shimmer lullard diamond vex Problem with blaze is if we keep the current core on a trajectory. Where is he gonna go? Where does he play if you have Devers and casus at the corners dh casus i guess Devers the first blaze the third or something Blue refractor rookie tanner bb to 150 for the guardians Don't do that spencer. Come on man. Come on spencer Y'all are trying to get on the trash just early this week Spencer might have been top two or three last week if you were here Right it was lit Yeah, dude nice well been francisco true purple 220 of 250 first woman otto for cleveland the land Living with the land Great apcot ride Slowest boat ride of all time There you go patrick o with the guardians very nice true purple there One more bowman chrome hobby Blaze shortstop. Hey, I mean the red sox did play Did play bobby dollbeck at shortstop for like two games last year Dude spencer came in talking trash on friday. I forget what about I don't even know it doesn't matter Didn't mention the lions one time though didn't bring them up once shimmer lucy ono giants We always talking trash about doing then the pads had a close call yesterday. Thank god. They didn't win that game Dude, if they would have won against a giant side of him so mad Can't pick in the top two or three if you lose to the giant or you beat the giants Blue refractor rookie pasquantino royals out of 150 What trash list doesn't exist dude? You were on the last one for fanatic live last on last sunday wasn't he? Yeah, yeah quack. Well You got a good quarterback at least rutchman on the insert We two got good quarterback first woman otto hobby or sonoha from miami They should be spencer. Are they mad they won that game? Dude, I do the pads had to throw that there's no way they didn't throw that at the ends Miss the easiest fuel goal ever wave the 100 flattie jr. J's Yeah, look at the pads. I guess it could be worse. It could have It could be the giants and I've already paid a quarterback a ton of money and they're talking about dropping another one now And it's like, oh man. Yeah, what are we doing? No matter who they get they never get an o-line to protect who they get Hey, I'm a gentle rookie michael bush dodgers number two two ninety nine green refractor Nice randio rosarana color match on the flag It's pretty sick. 46 and 99 got him in the pose, too Very nice for tampa. There's a wallcott base And base first woman otto dodgers hazes gallease Celestin base All right one choice box and a gilded You could probably give any pickpaw and the giants would accept the trade Any pick or anything they'd probably accept the trade Okay, baseball is all sold out basketball coming up soon guys Basketball so first basketball breaks at seven to go So pumpy at that julio. Hey, maybe did she get some time to get used to the new the new uh coaching and all that because They look pretty good They're as if you go over like the past month. They're one of the better teams in the afc Go by the like the past month. All right first woman otto yinny yellow boy for the a's The defense is way better than it was. It was garbage the first like six weeks First woman otto now ruben santana diamond backs Speckle first for the fillies. Nice. Carlos de la Cruz the 299 on the otto there philadelphia Yeah, they will carl. They for sure will I don't know. I don't know if they'll draft a quarterback They probably should but there's also like you could take morpher harrison or like an elite offensive lineman if you're up there Maybe trade back and get multiple first because they have a lot of holes on the on the roster that they need to fill So, I don't know. I don't know what the plan is always give me another Young qb. It's some hot shot coming out of the draft. So that was exactly right there like It's it's just like There's no way that wasn't that wasn't on purpose They are taking That had to have been on purpose the bell checks out. They're like, yeah, go miss it. Yeah, I just miss this So 99 we got gibson for the cardinals They might carl. They might Many diamond mullins to 50 orials We get two autos here looks like Rookie auto guardians Tyler freeman the 99 They blew auto guardians 5 of 50. Jose Ramirez back to back chrome gilded autos for cleveland And they had the well-been cleveland did super well in this break Go at him again. Patrick. Oh congrats. Patrick And a wave of ricky henderson is 75 for the a's Got a mike piazza met framed autos 7 of 10 great hitting metz Fun mixer chris a with the metz. Congrats on that one. Okay. Let's recap I'm gonna start with numbered cards first michael bush max kepler francisco alvarez joey orteez redetmers tyler anderson nick fortes andrew nardy anthony guttillettes That's uh mason miller blake sable kyle hendricks dillendod benny pasquantino tanner bb tyler alexander louise castillo green randier rozerana on the flag Brett wisely hobi harris shohei otani on the uh ultraviolet all-stars sp awesome card angels Got bob gibson sedrick mullins ricky henderson where we got santana La boi ghaliz sanoha Pablo Lopez yiner Diaz tj fredel kevin smith nicky lopez aliyah ramos refractor Nate eaton anderson espinoza andrew monestario sterling marty jonathan aranda Carlos de la cruz friend and malone. Well been francisco on the purple Got Blake sable matthew liberator garret michael mason miller rice terrain Ozzy albies tyler freeman jose Ramirez piazza to ten On the frame for the Mets And then a true blue tops chrome rookie Otto of julio rodriguez Seattle congrats 68 of 150 That's been marinating for sure Thanks again everybody moving on now to some more baseball


So, at Rolli, you have some special expertise and some special technology that has to do with music but with colors and lights and LEDs. Yeah, so Lumie brings together basically everything we've made in the past 10 years. The product that we're best known for is a reinvention of the piano keyboard. This obviously is a very different idea of how to make a piano keyboard. And the one we started with, the Seaboard, replaces black and white piano keys with a pressure responsive surface where you can bend and mold sound. So we have a lot of experience in like reinventing the piano. And then even more importantly, we have a couple years of experience in the use of light and how light can help people play and learn music. We have a light pad block. We have a next generation drum pad. And this drum pad is also pressure responsive. But the key thing is, it's LED lit. That means that you can reconfigure the drum pad, the different settings and modes. And also there's visual feedback along with sonic feedback. Is it selling like gang masters? It's selling very well, yeah. So, I mean, we've been thinking about this concept for a long time. And it's the culmination of working with new keyboard forms and technologies and then experimenting with the use of light. And we think what we're doing with this is making the most learner friendly keyboard ever made. Can you grab this for one second because they connect together? Yeah, I can, I'll show you. So you just dock them in? So you can be able, I don't want to do that, it'll mess up the settings. But basically, you can magnetically connect these. And it becomes one keyboard. You could have two or three or four. You could create a 48 or a 72 or a 96 key keyboard. Very easily, just by magnetically snapping them together.  Exactly. You can carry your brand piano in their hand luggage. That's right. Yeah, you can snap it together, take it apart, mix it up. How's it feeling? That's an important question. How does it feel? I mean, I think it feels amazing. The way we engineered it was to feel as much as possible like an acoustic piano key. So the depth that your finger is pressing, it feels almost exactly like the depth, the experience of depth and plunge on a piano key, the resistance. Is it Bluetooth or how does it connect? It connects over Bluetooth. It's completely wireless or you can play it wired. Can you play something shortly? Yeah, sure. It's connected to the speaker. Yeah. That's that demo over there? Yeah, why don't I play on this one? But there's no speaker on this one, right? Well, do you want to hear it or just see it? We can see it. Maybe we'll just go over here. Yeah, so I'll play Swan Lake. Everyone knows that. So it has this kind of like a gaming style function to follow? Exactly, exactly. What other things do you have? I mean, the insight here is that people love listening to music, but they don't want to learn to play, right? It's costly, it takes years, it's painful. And the idea here is that if you help people practice in a way where they're having fun the entire time, because they're playing songs they love and they want to practice them 20 or 30 or 40 times or they want to get better and they want to play that Adele song or that Beatles song or that, you know, Skrillex summer hit, they can do it in this app. And they can start simple in this guitar hero like mode where it's really gamified and it's interactive and it's telling you how you're doing and it's giving you a score at the end.  But then you can actually move to different views and learn how to read sheet music if you want. And this intermediate view, you're staying in this world of color and visual feedback, but you're learning what the names of the notes are. And then you move to sheet music view. Well, you're actually... Well, we've finished the song, but let's hear that again. So does it work on Android? It does, it will work on Android. So here you have a color sheet music view. We are still associating notes with colors, but you're playing them on a musical staff and it takes you all the way to learning how to read and play sheet music where then the keyboard lights up black and white like a piano. Is there any kind of like improvisation, composing mode or something like that? Well, so... In the learner version of Loomi, the way you would play it with this app, it's taking you all the way up to being able to start composing and playing on your own.  At the end of the day, it's a high-powered state-of-the-art MIDI controller that lights up with LED lights. So the applications for composers, for instance, would be that different chords or chord progressions would light up for you. Can you have the app for that? Well, we're not showing it here, and we're actually still completing it, but that technology very much exists and it will be available when Loomi launches in November. So what I'd like to have from here is a composition mode where I play some chords and it recognizes the... what do you call it? The progression. Yeah, absolutely. In terms of the recognized scale that you're in. Yeah, so at Roley, we make a lot of very high-powered desktop software. And if you choose to buy this Loomi keyboard, the more professional version of it in 2020, it will come with a lot of desktop software and those software programs are exactly the kinds of features that you're talking about. Did you announce this, the professional version of this? So all of our products have professional versions that are coming out soon, and Loomi is one of them. But are you talking about the 2020 version or this one? We're talking about a version that will launch after the more beginner and learner-oriented version of the Loomi experience. It will be one more for professionals. But now with what do you call it the sensation you get on a real piano? That feedback, right? Well, so it feels remarkably similar for a digital keyboard. It feels remarkably similar to playing an acoustic piano from the plunge depth to the resistance, even to the width of the keys, which are not standard-sized piano keys, but they're 7 eighths the width of a piano key. But to your question, if you wanted to get this Loomi when it launches in November in the U.S. and U.K., and then throughout Europe in early 2020, it would come with desktop software, it would have the capabilities that you're talking about. And you need a little kind of like a case to prepare it for the bag, right? We already make them. So it's easy to take in the backlight? Yeah, it comes with a really stylish case called a snap case that magnetically attaches to these magnets on the side. It protects the Loomi keyboard and then you can snap it back and fold it back on itself. And is there something about them lighting up slightly before? Like a specific tempo you can follow and everything? Yeah, so as you can tell when you're playing it, you can tell which note to press next either by looking at the screen and kind of following the waterfall of lights on the screen. But also the key that you're playing next will light up like a millisecond before you're meant to hit it. So if you want to, especially if you know the tune really well, you can look only at the keyboard and play it that way. What I'm showing you here is the whole learned side of the experience. We've been on play so far playing songs like Kids by MGMT. I'll show you how that works. Forgive me because I can't hear what I'm doing, but... Cords and scales and the foundations of music. You can take one or two minute MIDI lessons that are fun and bite-sized and you can even do the things that we associate with traditional music learning like practice chords and scales. The little drum kit that you sell is not the same standard, right? You don't connect that by the side, do you? You can connect that to a different app we make called Normal. Or you can connect it to our desktop more professional studio software. These connectors, they look similar to the... They are the same. The physical connectors are the same. So they can actually talk with the other one? Yeah, exactly. So you have a computer for MIDI over pins or something? Yeah, this works MIDI over Bluetooth. But included in these pin connectors is the technology that's transmitting the data between these different blocks. Yeah. So if you know our blocks range, this is essentially a block in terms of the magnetic connector technology. And you will indeed be able to connect it to the light pad block or the seaboard blocks or the other ones in that modular range of MIDI controllers.


Listen to me, Luffy. We have to live our lives with no regrets. One of these days, we'll go out to sea and live the life that we want to live. Freer than anybody. We'll make a lot of enemies and our lives will be in constant danger, but nothing's gonna stop us. We are going to be pirates. Hello and welcome to One Piece 101, the series that breaks down everyone and everything in the One Piece world. Today, we are going to be examining a classic fan favorite character, Portgas D. Ace. Portgas D. Ace, also known as Firefist Ace, is a world-renowned pirate who made his first appearance in the series technically right at the end of the Drawm Island arc, but we'll call it alabaster just because. Ace presents an interesting mixture of a very Luffy childlike personality mixed in with a shot of maturity and general intelligence. Not too much of the latter two features though, as Ace was well known for being quite impulsive, reckless, and in some cases highly impolite, doing things such as, you know, wiping his face on a woman's skirt, stuff like that. Although if we go with the Senor Pink Litmus test, then that simply makes Ace hard-boiled rather than impolite, but this nature can definitely be attributed to how Ace grew up. First of all though, Ace is one of the rare characters in the series who have the ever mysterious initial D in their name, and this is due to directly inheriting that from his mother Portgas D. Rouge and his father, the pirate king, Gold D. Roger. In fact, Ace's existence was a mere five months old and still within his mother's womb when Roger was executed, leading her to keep him in her womb for a further 15 months in order to protect him from a worldwide hunt for Roger's born. After finally giving birth to Ace, Rouge unfortunately passed away from exhaustion, and care of Ace was given to one of Roger's old enemies, Monkey D. Garp. Garp in a stunning display of parenting that he is well known for, then took Ace to Dawn Island in order to be raised by a group of bandits. And naturally, as he grew, Ace became a very lonely and violent child, when bounded by the world's hatred of his father, Roger. At the age of 10, Ace encountered a very young Monkey D. Luffy, the grandson of Garp actually, whom he had also brought to be raised by bandits. And while Luffy was keen to become friends, Ace was, uh, certainly not. At one stage, even planning to kill Luffy alongside childhood friend Sabo, when Luffy discovered their plans to become pirates. But after some shenanigan re-involving the Blue Jam pirates, the three of them developed a strong bond, and even became brothers through the ritual drinking of sake. At this point, it should be stated that even as a child, Ace was exceptionally strong, capable of hunting creatures many, many, many times his size. And at one stage, he had even fought and defeated Captain Blue Jam alongside Dadan, and proceeded to carry Dadan all the way back home. Furthermore, at the mere age of 10 years old, he also demonstrated an involuntary use of conqueror's haki, making him quite the prodigy. Sadly, tragedy would strike one day, though, as Sabo, who had chosen to set out on his journey to become a pirate, was seemingly killed by a world noble, prompting both Ace and Luffy to resolve to become stronger and to live their lives with no regrets. And so, at the age of 17, Ace left Dawn Island and began his journey as a pirate. And less than a year after embarking, Ace would find himself shipwrecked in East Blue on an island known as Sixus, where he met a man by the name of Masked Juice. As a threat of starvation loomed over them, the two would share a piece of fruit that, unbeknownst to them, was the Merimeranome. As Ace was the first one to take a bite, he inherited the powers of the fruit, which is a logear type that allows its user to conjure, manipulate, and become fire. The Merimeranome gave Ace incredible destructive power, said to have levelled entire towns and battleships with ease.  However, in this particular situation, the Merimeranome allowed Ace and Masked Juice to escape Sixus on a ship they built known as the Striker, which was powered by the flames of the Merimeranome, and the two would go on to form the Spade Pirates, of which Ace would become the captain. Over time, Ace would recruit 20 members and a links into the Spade Pirates, and become a notorious captain in his own right, gathering a bounty of over 100 million berries, as well as being given an official invitation to become a warlord of the sea, which he declined, and after entering the New World, Ace even managed to find shanks and thanked him for saving his brother Luffy. And while at this stage, Ace had an ambition to take down all of the Onko, this meeting which shanks turned out to be purely pleasant. That would not be the same, however, when Ace set his sights on taking down another Onko, Whitebeard, who just so happened to be the greatest rival to his father, Roger. Before he could get to Whitebeard, though, Ace was intercepted by Jinbei, who out of respect for the man who protected his home of Fishman Island, bought Ace for five days non-stop until they both collapsed of exhaustion. After which, Whitebeard arrived on the island, but rather than swiftly engaging in retribution, he offered Ace the chance to join his crew and become one of his sons. Of course, a very stubborn Ace did refuse, but he was knocked out and forcibly brought aboard the Moby Dick. When Ace woke up, he was already acknowledged as a member of the Whitebeard Pirates, and the rest of the Spade Pirates had also been absorbed into the crew. Refusing to accept this, Ace attempted to kill Whitebeard many, many more times, much to the amusement of the rest of the crew, however, he eventually gave in after hearing Marco's description of the father-son relationship that Whitebeard has with the rest of the crew. At one stage, Ace even revealed his lineage to Whitebeard, who simply laughed and remarked that he was nothing like his father, and furthermore, that everyone was a child of the sea. And this is what really solidified Ace's relationship with Whitebeard, as he became the father Ace never had. As time went on, Ace would rise to become the commander of Whitebeard's second division and garner an individual bounty of 550 million berries. However, one day, the commander of the fourth division, Thatch, would be murdered by Marshal D. Teach, another member of the crew, in order to attain the Yummy Yummy No Me, an action in which Ace sought immediate vengeance, and despite the protests of Whitebeard, he set out to find and deliver justice to Teach. And this hunt for Teach led Ace to a reunion with his younger brother, Luffy, on the island of Alabasta, even offering the young pirate an opportunity to join Whitebeard's crew, to which Luffy plainly refused, prompting Ace to give Luffy a piece of his Vivia card so that they could meet up once again in the future. Eventually, Ace's hunt would lead him to Benaro Island, where he engaged in combat with Teach, now known as Blackbeard, and despite Ace's incredible power and mastery over the Merimeronomy, he was completely overwhelmed by Blackbeard and his newfound abilities in the Yummy Yummy No Me. Blackbeard then handed over a defeated Ace to the Marines in exchange for a position as one of the seven warlords. Ace was then taken to level six of Empow Down, coming to share a cell with his former enemy and current friend Jinbei, and sentenced to be executed. This execution had two purposes. Firstly, to be used to lure and confront Whitebeard on favorable terms, and secondly, the fact that Ace was Roger's son, which were going to be revealed to the world, necessitated his death in the eyes of the world government. As a result, Ace's very existence served as a catalyst for the Paramount War, which saw the Whitebeard pirates and his allied forces as well as Luffy invading Marineford in order to save Ace. And while Ace would eventually be freed from his shackles thanks to Luffy, this war would end in complete defeat, as Ace would be killed by Akainu during an effort to save Luffy's life. In his final moments, Ace thanked everyone for loving him, despite his bloodline, and offered that his only regret in life is that he would not be able to see Luffy live to become the pirate king. He then passed away in classic Will of De-style with a smile on his face. Shortly after, Whitebeard would also meet his demise at the hands of Blackbeard, and following the war, the two were buried side by side. But despite no longer being in this world, Ace lives on in the minds and hearts of all those he encountered during his journey. Whether it be the bandits who raised him, the loving crew he found himself a part of, the countless individuals he touched along the way, or his two brothers, Ace is still a huge presence in this world, embodying the classic one-piece quote, of when do you think people die? They only die when they are forgotten. And by that mantra, Ace is still very much alive and well in the series today. Some more fun facts about Ace. Ace has two particularly strong comical quirks. One is his infliction of narcolepsy, causing him to often fall asleep at very impractical moments, while the other is the fact that he always seems to dine and dash. In order to properly thank Shanks for saving Luffy, Ace went so far as to ask Markano to teach him how to beep a light in preparation for his eventual meeting with the Yonko. During his time with the Spade Pirates, one of many islands they visited was the land of the Samurai Wano, where Ace met Tama and promised to one day take her out to sea with him when she became a beautiful konoichi. Universal Studios Japan has gone so far as to build a monument replica of both Ace and Whitebeard's graves, complete with the epitaph, Ace, may your soul be eternal. Your brave soul will always be with us. Ever since his introduction in the series, Ace has been consistently phenomenally popular, so much so that even after his death, he ranks as the fifth most popular one-piece character, as of the most recently conducted poll. And finally, a truly useless fact. In the event that Ace was born a girl, she would have been named Anne. But that pretty much does it for podcasty Ace. If you enjoyed this video and the content this channel produces in general, then please do consider donating to the Grand Line Review Patreon because the support of all of your amazing people is what continues to make this channel possible. Also do check out my Teespring store if you're interested in shirts, what is another miscellaneous items, with the proceeds also going directly to support the channel. And if you'd like to join the fun at any time, then please do head over to my Discord server where a wide array of shenaniganry takes place on a daily basis. And finally, please do comment with who, what, or where you'd like to see featured in the next One Piece 101.


Our leadership character is a product of both the innate and learned. More intrinsic traits, such as our conscientiousness, are harder to change. Through active self-awareness, qualities such as curiosity and competitiveness can be more easily adapted. Accepting these individual differences in ourselves and how they impact those we lead provides a realistic mindset and by example for our teams in honoring our collective diversity. Reflect first on yourself and accept what you can change. Then deliberately practice awareness about what can be different. Inspire your team to experience the authentic you and your uniqueness. And if you transmit effectively, your team may model their differences as they adapt and interact with your leadership. Lead well this week.


Regardless of how you exercise in your diet, if you have bad relationships, then you might as well be smoking 10 cigarettes a day. Of course, to be clear, proper exercise and diet have significant impacts on your health, but the way that media portray looking a particular way, you would think that that was all health was. If I were to say to someone, what would a healthy person look like? And they would probably pick out somebody that would be like a fitness influencer or someone you would see on the cover of a magazine.  Humans are not just our bodies, right? We have a mind, many people argue we have a spirit. We're also have relationships with people around us. The data on all this is extremely clear. It made me think of how much I sacrificed relationships with people in the pursuit of looking a particular way. And then lying to myself and saying this is healthy when in fact it's not.


Dams are designed to support the normal load of water in a reservoir. They are also designed to withstand the extreme loads caused by floods and earthquakes. When the construction of a dam is complete, the reservoir is allowed to fill with water. Depending on precipitation in the reservoir size, the reservoir may fill quickly or it may take several years. The first time a reservoir is filled, engineers like the reservoir to fill slowly because it gives a dam structure time to adjust to the water load. If water is pumped into the reservoir from somewhere else, the initial filling can be controlled more accurately. The dam's first filling is closely observed to make sure that the dam is adjusting safely and performing according to the design. Concrete dams attain an equilibrium condition relatively quickly after the reservoir is filled with water. Embankment dams, however, take a longer time, possibly several years to reach equilibrium. This is because settling inside the dam and seepies through the embankment take a longer time to develop. So an embankment dam reaches an equilibrium state more slowly. The terms rapid reservoir filling and rapid reservoir withdrawal, commonly called drawdown, need to be defined for embankment dams. The rate that seepage patterns develop in a dam depend on the permeability of the materials in the embankment. If the reservoir level rises or falls faster than the embankment can initially absorb or drain off the water trapped inside, the change is called rapid. If a rapid drawdown takes place after an embankment dam has reached full equilibrium, internal loads may develop in the upstream portion of the structure that may cause the upstream slope to fail. Fortunately, this almost never happens. A rapid drawdown may also cause stability problems to develop in a natural slope surrounding the reservoir. If this happens, landslide material can damage or block outlet structures or spillways. Because of the potential damage that may occur, dam and reservoir slope should be evaluated for stability under rapid drawdown. In this program, the Federal Interagency Committee on Dam Safety is presenting Mr. John Lowe III, who will discuss rapid drawdown and present a method for evaluating the stability of slopes under rapid drawdown conditions. Mr. Lowe, a member of the National Academy of Engineers, has worked in geotechnical engineering his entire career. He did his graduate studies at MIT and in 1945 he joined NAP Engineering Company, which later became TIPPET's Abbott McCarthy Stratton, commonly called TAMS. As head of their soil and rock engineering department, he established their first soils laboratory. He eventually became a partner, retiring in 1983. During his career, he has worked on numerous large civil works projects, including ports, highways, airports and dams. His experience with dams includes active participation from early feasibility stage through design and construction into operation and surveillance. In fact, his role in Tarbella Dam in Pakistan, the world's largest embankment dam, is an example of his long-term involvement and broad experience. Also, the use of an excess of one million cubic yards of roller-compacted concrete at Tarbella exemplifies his role in technology development and application. He has served as secretary of the U.S. National Committee of the International Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineers and as president of the U.S. Committee on Large Dams. For many years, he was a member of the Soil Mechanics Advisory Board of the Corps of Engineers, Office Chief of Engineers. Contemporary members of the board were Arthur Casagrande, Ralph Peck and Stanley Wilson, among others. His experience includes working on dam projects in the Mediterranean and Middle East, the Far East, South America and the United States. For his contributions in Morocco, the king decorated him as commander of the Order of Alawit. Since his retirement from Tams in 1983, Mr. Lowe has been a consultant on a number of projects around the world. Some of his assignments included working in Bulgaria, Chile, Malawi, Jordan, Greece and the United States. May I present Mr. Lowe. The purpose of this video is to present a description of the principles governing proper stability analysis of embankment dams under the condition of rapid drawdown. Drawdown is considered rapid when insignificant water content change takes place in the soil along the critical sliding surface during the period of rapid drawdown. The term sudden drawdown is also frequently used for this type of loading since it implies that there is no time for water content change to occur during the loading. There are two other types of rapid loading to which embankment dams may be subjected. Seismic loading is a classic case. During the very short duration of an earthquake there obviously is no time for any water content change to take place. Even in a soil of intermediate permeability. Similarly, for low permeability soils no significant water content change occurs during a period of rapid heightening of a dam. Heightening may be done in order to increase the freeboard of an existing dam or may occur when a dam is built in stages and the stages are widely separated in time. I will talk primarily about the method of stability analysis for the rapid drawdown case. Methods for analysis of the seismic and rapid heightening cases are identical in principle. In all three cases there is the prerequisite condition that the soil in the dam must be subjected to a particular reservoir level for an appreciable period of time. This time period is necessary first for a steady pattern of seepage to develop through the dam. Then time is required for the soil to come to equilibrium under the earth and water forces occurring in the dam under the steady pattern of seepage. Earth dams consist of the following components. Slope protection on the upstream face, an upstream shell, an impervious zone, a chimney drain, a horizontal drainage blanket, a downstream shell, and downstream slope protection. In some embankment dams the impervious zone of the dam extends practically to the upstream face of the dam. Such dams do not have a pervious upstream shell. The impervious zone would be covered by a filter layer and then a layer of slope protection. The critical surface for stability failure is located at very shallow depth inside the impervious zone as shown in the figure. The undrained shear strength of the impervious material is a minimum at this location. During a long period of hold of the reservoir at high level, the soil at the upstream face of the impervious zone comes to equilibrium under the submerged unit weight of the overlying filter and slope protection. Deeper into the impervious zone the soil would have greater overburden load upon it and also would experience the effect of seepage forces between it and the upstream face of the impervious zone. Upon drawdown the weight of the filter and the slope protection layers would increase from submerged weight to drained weight. This increase amounts to practically a doubling of the weight of these layers and thereby a doubling of the tendency of the filter and slope protection layers to slide down the face of the impervious zone. Many embankment dams have a central impervious zone and an upstream relatively pervious shell. Again the critical surface for sliding is just below the upstream face of the impervious zone. This is the location where the impervious zone experiences the lowest confining pressures during high reservoir level. The failure surface then extends as a low angle plane through the upstream shell and slope protection. If the upstream shell does not drain significantly the driving force increases from that due to the submerged weight of the shell to that due to the saturated weight. If the upstream shell is free draining during drawdown the driving force increases from that due to submerged weight to that due to drained weight of the shell. In both cases practically a doubling of the driving force occurs. If drainage of the upstream shell is still taking place at the end of drawdown stability of the area of the upstream slope in the vicinity of the drawdown level of the reservoir where water is seeping out of the upstream shell should be evaluated. Occasionally the impervious core of a dam is connected to an impervious upstream blanket. In this case the critical surface for sliding extends upstream just below the surface of the upstream blanket. In the case of seismic loading instead of the increase in driving load being due to an increase in the unit weight of the material upstream of the impervious zone the increased driving load generally considered is a horizontal load equal to the total weight of the upstream material times an appropriate horizontal earthquake acceleration. At times a vertical load equal to the total weight of the upstream material times an appropriate vertical earthquake acceleration is considered to act concurrently. There are plans to heighten cardinal fly ash retention dam too. This picture was taken of the existing dam from the right abutment. The fly ash pond is on the left. In the distance the intake tower for the low level outlet can be seen.  The upstream slope of the dam is covered with rock slope protection and the downstream slope with grass. The crest of the dam is 200 feet above stream bed. The dam has an upstream shell of clay mine spoil, an upstream sloping impervious core of clay, a transition zone of clay mine spoil, a chimney drain, and a downstream shell of clay mine spoil. The clay mine spoil is only slightly less plastic than the clay used for the core. The level of the reservoir at the time of heightening is expected to be elevation 903. The top seepage line is indicated on the cross section for this elevation. The proposed cross section for the heightening is shown here. Roller compacted concrete is proposed for the upstream portion of the upstream slope and minimizes the amount of overlay required over the original downstream slope. The clay core and chimney drain are extended upward for the heightening. The downstream shell is overlaying with mine spoil. A possible critical surface for stability failure is the circular surface shown here. If failure were to occur, the portion of the dam above the circle would slide upstream past the portion below the circle. Sharing would occur along the entire circular surface. The soil below the groundwater table in the existing dam will have come to equilibrium under the weight of the overlying material of the existing dam. Upon rapid heightening of the dam, the additional driving forces imposed by this material will have to be resisted by its undrained shear strength. In order to carry out stability analysis of a dam under any of the three rapid loading conditions, it is necessary to know the shear strength of the soil at all points along the failure surface being investigated. The preferred type of shear test is the triaxial test. In this test, a cylindrical specimen of soil is encased in a rubber membrane. Here is a picture of a giant triaxial specimen. The specimen is 24 inches in diameter and 62 inches high. The large diameter was necessary for testing the impervious material used in tabella dam. The material was widely spaced from 4 inch maximum size to 30 inch, 30 percent passing the 200 sieve. The tabella tests are the only ones that I know of that have been performed on such widely graded impervious material. The rubber membrane is attached to a pedestal at the base and a cap at the top. Both are equipped with porous stones to permit water to flow into or out of the specimen as desired during testing. Poor water pressure measuring devices were installed in the specimen. The leads to these devices are evident at the bottom of the specimen. A pressure chamber is put around the specimen for triaxial testing. And all around pressure up to 470 pounds per square inch can be applied to the specimen in the chamber. Port holes were provided in the steel walls of the chamber so that the specimen could be observed during testing. A piston which passes through the top of the chamber is used to apply an axial load to the test specimen. The piston is not visible in the photograph. For conservative representation of field conditions, test specimens must be fully saturated. To accomplish this, the chamber pressure and the pore water pressure in the specimen must be built up concurrently and at a slow rate. When a small increase in chamber pressure is reflected by an equal increase in pore water pressure, the specimen is considered to be 100% saturated. That is, no air bubbles are present in the pore water. Usually a chamber pressure of about 100 pounds per square inch is required to accomplish this fully saturated condition. Testing then proceeds by increasing the chamber pressure and applying a load to the piston to represent the desired major and minor principal stresses for consolidation. The stress imposed by the piston is termed the deviator stress. After consolidation, the deviator stress is increased to failure of the specimen without permitting any drainage. When the major principal stress is greater than the minor principal stress during consolidation, the test is termed anisotropically consolidated undrained triaxial test. The abbreviation is ACU. When the major principal stress and minor principal stress are the same during consolidation, the specimen is isotropically consolidated. The abbreviation is CU for such a consolidated undrained test. Casagrande called the CU test an R test. Shear strength is determined by performing laboratory tests on representative samples of embankment material. These tests must be carried out so as to duplicate field conditions as closely as possible. Before the rapid loading, the soil had come to equilibrium under the stresses which occur in the dam prior to the rapid loading. That is, it had been consolidated under these stresses. As an illustration, the major and minor principal stresses acting upon the critical failure surface for a central core dam with upstream impervious blanket at time of consolidation and immediately after rapid drawdown are shown here. The major and minor principal stresses before drawdown are indicated as sigma 1c and sigma 3c. After drawdown, both sigma 1c and sigma 3c increase to values about two times their values at the time of consolidation. The increase in sigma 3 merely adds to the back pressure in the laboratory testing. Since the applied black pressure has already resulted in 100% saturation of the test specimen, there is no need to increase the applied sigma 3 stress. Thus the chamber pressure used for consolidation is not increased. The deviator stress, however, is increased until failure occurs. For failure surfaces having a factor of safety of 1.5 to 2 before drawdown, the ratio of major principal stress at time of consolidation sigma 1c to minor principal stress sigma 3c usually has a magnitude of about 2. Because the driving force weight is about double during rapid drawdown, the major and minor principal stresses also about double. A more diagram is a convenient way to represent the stresses existing at a point on the failure surface in the field or in the laboratory triaxial test specimen. A typical more diagram representing stresses at the time of consolidation are shown here. The more diagram is a plot of shear stress as ordinate versus normal stresses as the obsessive. The normal stress and the shear stress occurring at a point on the failure surface at time of consolidation can be obtained directly from a stability analysis for the condition before drawdown. The shear force on the failure surface at time of consolidation is designated as tau fc and the corresponding normal force as sigma fc. The obliquity of the resultant force on the failure surface is alpha. From these two stresses and the friction angle mobilized at the time of failure, phi sub m, the major and minor principal stresses and their ratio can be determined. The mobilized friction angle is the arc tan of the tangent of the effective friction angle phi prime divided by the factor of safety. The concept in limit equilibrium stability analysis is that if the shear strength of the soil is divided by the factor of safety, sliding along the failure surface is on the point of occurring. The angle theta that the failure plane makes with the major principal stress plane can then be computed as 45 degrees plus phi sub m over 2. This angle is shown on the sketch of a test specimen. We're going on a more diagram knowing phi, the major and minor principal stresses can be computed using the geometry of the more diagram. The angle between the lines from the plotted point of tau fc and the major and minor principal stress points form a right angle with each other. The resulting formula for the ratio of major principal stress to minor principal stress is as follows. Case of c defined as sigma 1c over sigma 3c can be computed from the formula 1 plus 2 tan alpha over sin 2 theta divided by 1 minus tan alpha divided by tan theta. Alpha in this case is equal to the arc tan of tau fc divided by sigma fc. The more circles representing the consolidation stresses and the failure stresses from a typical anisotropically consolidated triaxial test are shown here. The shear and normal stresses on the failure plane at time of consolidation are tau fc and sigma fc. The major and minor principal stresses corresponding to these shear and normal stresses are sigma 1c and sigma 3c. The total major and minor principal stresses at the time of failure are shown as sigma 1f and sigma 3f. The pore water pressure which develops in the specimen during loading to failure is uf. The intergranular or effective stresses in the specimen at failure are sigma 1f prime equals sigma 1f minus uf and sigma 3f prime equals sigma 3f minus uf. The failure circle for effective stresses is shown by the dash line. The point where the effective stress circle is tangent to the effective friction angle is the shear strength of the material at failure. Since the normal stress on the failure plane at the time of consolidation, sigma fc is known from the stability analysis before drawdown. It is convenient to plot the shear strengths against this normal stress. This is the circled point on the diagram. A positive pore pressure indicated as uf developed during the testing to failure. Similar more circles for a test specimen at smaller consolidation stresses are shown here. The circle for consolidation and the total and effective stress circles at failure are shown. In contrast to the previous test, the pore water pressure which developed during testing to failure however was negative or tensile. The tensile pore water pressure moves the effective more circle to the right. The circle point represents the shear strength plotted against the normal stress on the failure plane at the time of consolidation, sigma fc. A case where zero pore water pressure occurs at failure is shown here, where the total and effective circles at failure are identical. Also, the minor principal stress at consolidation, sigma 3c, is the same as the minor effective principal stress at failure, sigma 3f. The objective of these tests has been to determine a relationship between undrained shear strength s and normal stress on the failure plane at the time of consolidation, sigma fc. The value of this normal stress is obtained directly from the stability analysis made for before drawdown condition. One other condition must be known as well. That condition is the ratio of the major and minor principal stresses at the time of consolidation, k sub c. Usually, this ratio is about two. The design curve for determining the shear strength values to use in the after drawdown stability analysis consists of two straight lines. For higher sigma f sub c values where positive pore pressures occur at failure, the actual laboratory test results are used as indicated by the line labeled k sub c equals two. Where tensile pore pressure occurs at failure, the strength is reduced to that consistent with zero pore water pressure. It does not seem reasonable to rely on soil strength developed due to tensile pore water pressure. All pore water has gas dissolved in it. If tensile pore water pressure or a significant reduction in compressive pore water pressure occurs, gas probably will come out of solution and effectively destroy any strength attributed to the tensile pore water pressure. Although this k sub c ratio is usually about two, it is convenient to have test results for other k sub c ratios so that the results for various k sub c ratios can be determined by interpolation. Usually isotropically consolidated undrained triaxial shear tests, CU tests are also performed. For purposes of interpolation, it is necessary to plot the results of such CU tests in the same manner as that just described for an isotropically consolidated ACU test. An example of such plotting is shown here. Under isotropic consolidation, sigma 1c equals sigma fc equals sigma 3c. The total stresses at failure are shown by the solid line circle and the effective stresses at failure by the dash line circle. The shear strength is plotted against the normal stress on the failure plane at the time of consolidation, sigma fc. This is in contrast to the usual procedure of plotting the shear strength against the total normal stress on the failure plane at the time of failure, sigma ff, marked by x on the drawing. The undrained shear strength of a soil is directly dependent upon the normal stress on the failure plane and the ratio of major to minor principal stresses at the time of consolidation. It is a consistent and logical way to define the shear strength. The results of ACU tests at a principal stress ratio k sub c equal to 2 performed on the core material for the Emborca Sao Dam in Brazil is shown here. Also shown are the s versus sigma f sub c lines for k sub c equal 1. The steep initial lines represent the condition of no strength being attributed to tensile pore water pressure. The effective stress failure line is shown dashed and for an effective friction angle 5 prime of 35 degrees, its value k sub c equal 3.69. K sub c values for actual cases generally fall in the range of 1.7 to 2.3. Strength values for k sub c values somewhat above and somewhat below k sub c equal 2 can be determined by interpolation with the k sub c equal 1 and the k sub c equal 3.69 lines. It is recommended that the shear strength used to prepare the above mentioned plots of strength versus normal stress on the failure plane at time of consolidation be strength obtained at 15% strain in the triaxial test. Sometimes a higher, that is a peak value, occurs at a much lower percentage strain. Since the assumption in the limit equilibrium stability analysis assumes that the entire failure surface is at the point of failure, the use of the shear strength at 15% strain appears more reasonable than use of a peak value. When the toe of the failure surface experiences enough strain to be at the point of failure, the upper part of the surface will have experienced much more strain due to deformation of the sliding mass. Also, if a peak value were to be used, one would have to be sure that the structure of the soil in the test specimen was truly representative of the structure of the soil in the dam. Thus far we have talked about anisotropically consolidated undrained triaxial tests. Another type of anisotropy is the possible difference in shear strength characteristics in the horizontal direction in the core of the dam in the field as compared to its strength characteristics in the vertical direction. Generally, this possible anisotropy which could result from construction is neglected. Stability analysis is generally carried out by the limit equilibrium method, usually by computer. The basic concept is to determine the factor of safety by which to divide the shear strength of the materials along the failure surface so that sliding is imminent all along the failure surface. In effect, this concept attributes all of the factor of safety to uncertainty regarding the shear strength of the materials. There is also some uncertainty regarding whether the critical failure surface selected is actually the most critical one. And there is some uncertainty in the method used for carrying out the limit equilibrium analysis. The most uncertainty, however, is in connection with the shear strength so that ascribing all of the factor of safety to the shear strength is not too unreasonable. The limit equilibrium analysis is generally carried out by the method of slices. The sliding mass is divided into a series of vertical slices as shown here. Usually, 10 to 15 slices are sufficient. The forces acting on each slice are determined by a trial and error procedure. The forces acting on the two end slices, slice 1 and slice 10, and on a typical central slice are shown here. The forces for slice 1 are the total weight of the slice, W, the water force on the right-hand side of the slice, UR, the water force on the bottom of the slice, UB, the normal earth force on the bottom of the slice, N, the shear force on the bottom of the slice, S, and finally, the earth force on the right-hand side of the slice, ER. Similar forces, W, U left, U right, UB, N, S, E left and E right occur in slice 4. Water forces and earth forces occur on both the left-hand and the right-hand sides of the slice. Slice 10 has no right-hand side and thus no ER. These forces can be analyzed by constructing a force polygon for each slice. Such a polygon for slice 4 is shown. The total weight of the slice is drawn. When the water forces are the left-hand and the right-hand slices and on the bottom are added, the remaining portion of the weight force is the submerged weight. If the drawing of this force polygon starting at slice 1, then the left-hand side earth force will be known and can be drawn. The direction of the P-force makes an angle of Phi sub M with the normal or perpendicular direction to the base of the slice. Phi sub M is the mobilized friction angle. A line in this direction can be drawn from the end of the east of L force. A direction for the E right force is assumed and a line in that direction is drawn from the top of the weight force. The intersection of P and E right closes the polygon. E right then becomes the E left for slice 5. A closed polygon for the slice indicates that the sum of the vertical components of forces on the slice add up to zero and that the sum of the horizontal components of the forces on the slice also add up to zero. The two assumptions made are the direction of the earth forces on the sides of the slice and the factor of safety. The factor of safety F determines the obliquity of the earth force on the base, Phi sub M. For the polygon shown, the shear strength on the base was assumed to be due entirely to friction. If part of the shear strength on the base is due to cohesion, an additional shear force equal to the unit cohesion times the length of the base of the slice and divided by the factor of safety should be added to the frictional shear force shown in the polygon. The check as to whether the assumed factor of safety is the correct one for the sliding mass consists in seeing whether when the equal but opposite force to the lateral earth force determined for the right side of slice 9 is applied to the left side of slice 10, it causes closure of the polygon for slice 10. In this connection, it is convenient to plot the force polygons for the 10 slices so that the earth forces on the sides of the slices overlap. For example, the earth force on the right hand side of slice 3 is equal and opposite to that on the left hand side of slice 4. The drawing showing the overlapping of the force polygons for the 10 slices is shown here. In this case, the force polygon for slice 10 closes perfectly and therefore the assumed factor of safety for this particular set of polygons is the correct factor of safety. A different factor of safety will result if different assumptions are made regarding the earth forces on the sides of the slices. The direction assumed for these forces may vary from horizontal to an obliquity, definitely less than the obliquity, which would occur should sliding failure take place on the sides of the slices. The obliquity may be assumed to be the same on all the interfaces between the slices or it may be assumed to vary from interface to interface. An example developed by Geoslope International shows how the factor of safety varies with a consistent obliquity assumed for all the interfaces. The abscissa scale is the tangent of the assumed obliquity. The corresponding obliquity angle is given also. The ordnance scale is the factor of safety. For zero degrees obliquity, that is a horizontal earth force on the sides of the slices, the factor of safety is 0.93 and for an obliquity of 38.7 degrees it is 1.18. Generally an obliquity of about 22 degrees would be reasonable. The factor of safety at this obliquity is 1.06. Earth forces on the sides of the slices are absolutely necessary in order that full shear resistance be developed along the entire failure surface. The driving moment causing a stability failure comes from the weight of the material overlying the upper part of the failure surface, the shaded areas on the drawing. There is no net driving moment for the unshaded part of the sliding mass. The moments of the areas on either side of a vertical line dropped from the center of the circle balance each other. The earth forces on the sides of the slices modify the earth forces on the bases of the slices so that every part of the sliding surface carries its fair share of the load. Full equilibrium of each slice requires that. The sum of the horizontal components of the forces equals zero. The sum of the vertical components of the forces equals zero. And the sum of the moments of the forces equals zero. In the solution by force polygons previously described, only the sum of horizontal components and the sum of vertical components equals zero. Alternatively, the slices method of analysis can be carried out so that the sum of the moments and the sum of the vertical components both equals zero. If this is done, then a different relationship between factor of safety, f sub m, and the obliquity of earth forces on the sides of the slices is obtained. A graph of such a relationship is shown by this dash line. For comparison, the factor of safety determined by the force polygon method, f sub f, is shown by the solid line. Obviously, there is very much less variation of the moment of factor of safety with obliquity of the earth forces on the sides of the slices than variation of the force factor of safety with obliquity. The Morgenstern price and the Spencer methods of analysis calculate the factor of safety which occurs at the intersection of the two factors of safety lines. Also shown is the point representing the factor of safety as calculated by Bishop's simplified method. He uses the moment equilibrium method and assumes zero obliquity of the earth forces on the sides of the slices. Since the moment factor of safety is not much affected by the assumed obliquity, the Bishop's simplified method gives a close approximation of the factor of safety. The method, however, only applies to circular failure surfaces, while the other two methods can be used for failure surfaces of irregular shape. In the Morgenstern price and Spencer methods, if a composite failure surface is used, a circle may be used to approximate the surface, and the center of this circle used for the point about which moments are summed. This completes my discussion of how I think stability analyses for the rapid drawdown case and the other rapid loading cases should be carried out. Let me summarize the main points. Rapid loading type of stability analysis is required when saturated soils in an embankment have come to equilibrium and are fully consolidated under conditions prevailing before the rapid loading, and then cannot drain to any significant amount during the rapid loading. Rapid loading cases occur for seismic loading, rapid drawdown of the reservoir, and rapid heightening of a dam. Immediately before the application of rapid loadings, the soil along this critical sliding surface is consolidated under anisotropic stress conditions. That is, the major principal stress is greater than the minor principal stress. The ratio of major to minor principal stress usually is about 1.8 to 2. Standard triaxial tests where all around equal pressures are used for consolidation are not suitable to properly determine the shear strength of the soil on the failure surface at the time of rapid loading, anisotropically consolidated triaxial. The anisotropic consolidation conditions prior to rapid loading can be estimated from a stability analysis performed for the conditions prior to rapid loading. This stability analysis provides the normal stress and the shear stress on the failure surface. From these two stresses, the ratio of major to minor principal stress prior to rapid loading can be computed. Alternatively, the ratio of major to minor principal stress can also be obtained from a finite element analysis representing the consolidation condition preceding the rapid loading. The shear strength to use at each point along the failure surface for the rapid loading stability analysis is the strength indicated by anisotropically consolidated triaxial tests. Consolidation is under the stress conditions that exist before rapid loading. At low normal stress, however, any strength due to tensile port water pressures is neglected. Proper ACU triaxial testing requires that the test specimens be 100% saturated. Back pressures of about 100 pounds per square inch generally are required to achieve such saturation. Unfortunately, many soil testing laboratories are not equipped to provide such back pressure. Their test results for CU as well as ACU triaxial tests are therefore questionable. To be applicable, the rapid loading stability analysis which I have described requires two conditions to be met by the impervious soil along the critical failure surface. A, where below ground water table, the impervious soil has become fully saturated and is 100% consolidated under the before drawdown conditions. And B, no significant drainage occurs in the soil during the period of rapid loading. In storage reservoirs, it is unusual to meet these two conditions. It requires that the reservoir be at relatively high level for a long period of time and then is drawn down rapidly because of a shortage of water or in order to permit work to be done in the reservoir area. Pump storage projects meet the rapid drawdown condition but may not meet the condition of saturation and consolidation under high reservoir.


To really maintain these animals to be calm you always have to I used to be a vegan for four years straight but the reason why I went vegan was because I couldn't look at this industrial scale slaughter so later on when I found out that veganism essentially is wrecking my human health I returned to eating meat yet again


Everybody forced here we're being six boxes of 2022 Bowman draft baseball jumbo. These are for MOD. Thanks ammo and best of luck Do a auto recap for you at the end and any other big cards. It's like any break recap Yeah, no paper bases gonna ship everything else will ship Top-load all first Bowman were base refractors and higher Just kind of fan through papers and doesn't ship just make sure we're not missing any numbered Zack Nito God cutter coffee First refractor. They're gonna do a Santos first Bowman base auto Tyler Schweitzer Kevin Pirata and Gabriel Hughes What's up shady? Yeah, whatever we have in stock Eric. I don't even know that we had leaf metal soccer Fracture Simon Juan Carson Williams Yeah, they're full for tonight and they're full for tomorrow, too. We have a lot of orders in Like the order I'm ripping now was placed yesterday fractures Acuna Naxio Alvarez I'm sorry shady Green Paper Michael Hernandez to 99 fractures of Justin Boyd Dustin Harris error parent refractor Jackson holiday number to 250 Nice insert first Bowman refractor auto Yvonne Melendez the 499 nice Melendez Logan Tanner chase me Druff Dalton rushing first Bowman sparkle Mingas Volpe No, not yet shady Levar just went to bed actually told me he's got to get 17 minutes of sleep before he runs 45 miles Light blue chrome first Bowman Justin Campbell Mikey Romero Eric Brown jr. Marcelo Meyer will Monday as Light blue paper Christian Vachero to 499 class of 2022 insert auto Drew Gilbert Number 186 of 250. Yeah, seriously, man Alex Freeland J. C. Young we should get Levar Lonzo on the mellow in here to break with us Invicta J. C. Young Fracture Sean McLean Samuel Zavala that would get more attention than if we have like Josh Allen like oh like You know Josh Allen, that's what he's an athlete Levar ball.  Yes replay. I'm down with it though Nice Kastavitz there we got Andrew Pintar our olvera. You're crazy man. I like Light blue paper Henry Mendez the 499 Emmanuel Rodriguez Tom Thomas Harrington someone must have been angry when they packed out this product because in years past it was not backwards All the papers facing the same way as the chrome. Oh, these are the replays. There's no like long stoppages. They just go right back to it You just skip all that stuff Jackson Shorio, Zack Nito. I want to hit a big card out of this man base first woman auto Trevor Martin Got it Valka czar and passiola on the first Bowman and Victor Tamar Johnson Oscar Coloss Eric Hernandez Purple paper Robbie Snelling first Bowman number to 250 light blue paper first woman trace Gonzalez green sparkle Daniel Vasquez number to 99 Loller Brenner Cox Yeah, Luke is insane, but yeah, they need so much more. I don't know what they need Anthony but They went in championship, which is Luca He run out of gas Got Kumar rocker. It'll happen in the playoffs big time when he's playing like 48 minutes a game I don't know they can use a guy like Let me think Jalen Bronson that'd be a good player to get Jalen Bronson Gold paper first Bowman sonny to char out of 50. Oh a Mikey Romero and Victor gold atomic auto Oh sick number two out of 50 Coonya Gavin cross Jimmy crooks the third George Valera Yeah, but they got to get him some help Jay, but I agree you could make it you could make it worse if You get a piece. That's like counterproductive to you light blue chrome Christian Vasquez Hey Zeus and Cain Wallace Pascal Siakam, that'd be a good move light blue paper Chandler Simpson to 499 Ramos Tres Gonzalez First woman refractor auto Ryan Saramac the 499 Jay Allen Jose Salas Yeah, plain turn it feels weird.  I don't outright hate it But fractures of Muncie Brandon Barrera Light blue chrome. Yes, I'm more bell Washer and dryer. I never had to buy one either. So They seem expensive Especially for like decent new ones Reggie Crawford first moment refractor Kate Horton Yeah, I mean like a basic washers for like 300 bucks That's not even like for both units like her Light blue paper Jose Salas to 499 Derek Hart quit on his team about time Out time I would have quit to Green sparkle Roger Garrius to 99 Aqualava first moment auto Reggie Crawford 50 of 199 SGA won't gonna want to trade eventually. Yeah, I mean I can see that I guess Maybe he just waits for free agency Dylan Lesko. They've been to me said he's out Dominic Keegan. I Mean That's not great, but it's not as bad as it seems. We're not gonna make the playoffs Got benched. So he's like, all right. See you later gone through a lot as the Raiders quarterback. I'll say Got sunny to Shara Done your quaver For what their coach said they're like you just pretty much saying like there's we're not in the playoffs The young guys Which kind of makes sense, but at the same time purple paper First woman Gabriel Hughes Rockies color match to 250 L. He did the cruise Invicta Hernandez and Kumar rocker. Yeah, maybe he was like, I don't want to be around McDonald's anymore Plus, like I said, he's been through a lot there Every first rounder they've drafted just isn't there anymore For various reasons, obviously light blue chrome first woman Dominic Keegan a blue refractor will Monday as the 150 Gavin Cross, Luis Sanjela Cunha Lino Justin Campbell Yeah, I'm honestly not even sure Redemption term are Johnson bowman and Victor autograph Nice hit there nice to mark Johnson redemption Kilbert blaze Jordan get some water and we'll finish these last three There's this will be the last one tonight Make sure get your spots or group breaks tomorrow personal resume tomorrow night as well We have one of those baseball factory autos of Judd Fabian. Nice Non-numbered Judd Fabian that should be an extra hit Valerio and Drew Baker refractors Gold refractor first woman auto Gabriel Hughes sweet true gold book and 50 of 50 Judd Fabian first woman refractor John Kenzie Noel aqua paper to 199 William Kempner Karsten Milbrandt Austin Hendrick light blue chrome Jose Salas Robbie Snelling Jacob Melton Come on big hits. Come on Daniela Santos Mason Barnett. What's up, Monaco purple refractor Colton Couser Number to 250 and a Brenner Cox first woman base auto Gabriel Hughes Cutter coffee. Yeah, I think Mark Cuban will get we'll get Lucas of help. I just think they're kind of assessing the market right now and Trade deadlines a little over a month away though Karsten Williams Simon Juan January trade deadlines what February it's February something What happened to UNC UNC football I'm guessing Blue paper Jay Allen to 150 Got Ignacio Alvarez Kevin Perrata Fractors of Dustin Harris Brian Acuna Was the worst in the You didn't enjoy that Super Bowl You didn't enjoy that Super Bowl Funny Some of my favorite ones Blue refractor first woman auto Andrew Pintar 82 of 150 chase me draw Justin Boyd Invicta Oscar Coloss refractors of Anthony Volpe and Logan Tanner light blue chrome George Valera Eric Brown jr. Jason Dominguez two more boxes The dare car contract. Yeah, it's pretty crazy Raiders are just a mess man. Well, they ever not be a mess. I don't know tomorrow Johnson First woman auto Reggie Crawford base Gabriel Hughes Mason Barnett Carson Williams Jacob Melton light blue chrome first woman Kate Horton Ignacio Alvarez cutter coffee. Yeah, I'm not sure what the dolphins are gonna do either Light blue paper to 499 rain Duncombe Refractor of Dustin Harris Simon Juan who knows the dolphins might have already ruined to as it is Sounds like it's a time to have a Skyler Thompson No, I watched him play no a First woman aqua lava Ryan Ritter Number to 199 and Ignacio Alvarez the 499 first woman refractor auto. There we go You'll ammo Kate case of chase me drop Kevin Perotta Yeah, Vegas might be too much of a distraction for a sports team Or you know that they could the athletes you could just be professionals Do that Got a Jonathan Mejia sparkle Volpe Acunia Also talking about there's teams in Miami. There's teams all over the place. So Eric Brown jr. Justin Boyd Diaz Logan Tanner Purple paper Edson Paulino to 250 First woman auto base chase the lotter Nice chase the lotter Jayce young Jason Dominguez and victim Matt McClane Fractures of Samuel Zavala Mikey Romero flight blue chrome Jordan Walker Gold heir apparent Kevin Perotta That was number 34 and a 50 Or McBernabelle Shawn McClane All right box number six last one Robert Moore first woman refractor William Kempner Your Donnie de los Santos the 250 purple paper First woman base auto Tyler Stewart Cappy Denzer Guzman got refractors Jordan sprinkle Daniel Vasquez Fractures Joshua Bayez Gabriel Rincones. I want to see Super Fractor or a red Or a really nice like true gold Fractors Jacob Mizrowski Alex McFarlane Blue refractor first woman Jake Bennett Number two to 150 and a green refractor first woman auto Kate Horton to 99 Zoaback Henry Bolt James Wood Alexis Hernandez Got aqua paper To 199 Bryson Mott's light blue chrome. Yes, I'm Mercedes Pete Hanson dolphin rushing first woman refractors Fractors Jack Jackson Job Jonathan Mejia Blue wave first woman auto Dominic Keegan to 150 Fractors of Nate Savino Cole Young Invicta Jackson holiday first woman refractor of Josh Kassovich Michael Hernandez Green paper Henry Williams to 99 and purple refractor break Blake Burkhalter and a break Blake Burkhalter To 250 first refractor Robbie Snelling Nate Furman That'll do it. Thanks again ammo. So for some bigger hits in there for you, man Appreciate the order. We'll get those out to you


Would you like to see house prices fall in New Zealand materia? Yes, actually. We would like to make sure that they are for... Oh, shocked looks on your faces. How terrible if young families could actually afford to buy a home. And Tuday continued to dig her housing hole. You want the house prices to fall. That means that some families could have negative equity, which could be an economic disaster for New Zealand. That's right. So you have to be extremely careful.