Screen Directors Playhouse, Stars, Eleanor Parker, Hope Emerson, Production, Caged, Director, John Cromwell. This is the Screen Directors Playhouse, one of the weekly features on NBC's All-Star Festival of Comedy, Music, Mystery and Drama. Brought to you by the makers of Anison for Fast Relief from the Pain of Headache, Neuritis and Neuralgia, by RCA Victor, world leader in radio, first in recorded music, first in television, and by Chesterfield. Always milder, better tasting, cooler smoking, plus no unpleasant aftertaste. And that's the biggest plus in cigarette history. Tonight the Screen Directors Playhouse is pleased to present, transcribed, a story of dramatic conflicts of life in a woman's prison. Our adaptation is the motion picture Caged, starring Eleanor Parker with Hope Emerson. And now, ladies and gentlemen, here is Miss Eleanor Parker. Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. To fully appreciate Caged, I believe it's vitally important for me to tell you a little about the background. It is not fictional, a creation of the mind, but a shockingly factual story, witnessed by Virginia Kellogg, one of Hollywood's most talented writers, who spent months living and gathering this material in a woman's prison. A very courageous woman, and a very daring expose. I'm sure you'll find tonight's presentation very exciting and enlightening. Thank you, Eleanor Parker. But before we begin, here's a word from the makers of Anison. When we ask you to try Anison for the relief of pain due to a headache, neuritis, or neuralgia, we're not asking you to try a new or unproved method, for there are many people listening in now who have been introduced to Anison tablets by their own dentist or physician. You who have received Anison this way know the effective, incredibly fast relief these tablets bring. Anison is like a doctor's prescription. That is, Anison contains not just one, but a combination of medically proven, active ingredients in easy-to-take tablet form. People by the thousands are using modern Anison today instead of other ways. Doesn't their experience seem worth following? Try Anison the next time you suffer pains from headache, neuritis, or neuralgia. You will be delighted with the results. Ask your drugist for Anison today. Anison is spelled A-N-A-C-I-N. Here now is the first act of the Screen Directors Playhouse presentation of Caged, starring Eleanor Parker as Marie Allen with Hope Emerson as Harper. Gather round, folks. Closer. Come on, closer. What I have to say concerns both you and me. Why you? Well, let me tell you a little bit about it. I'm Marie Allen, convict number 93850, women's state prison enemy of the people. My story begins as a frightened and bewildered young girl, cooped up in a smelly black Mariah surrounded by hopheads, alcoholics, thieves, and what nots. We just landed inside the prison gates, and I was gripped by the terrifying impact that I wouldn't see this vibrant world again for a long time. But that was only the beginning. Roberts, June. Louis. Millie. Harrison, Georgia. Stark, Eddie. John Smoochie. Marie Allen. Allen Murray in this cubicle, you tramp. You're new here. I gotta get some information. Yes, ma'am. Court says you're married. It's legitimate. Yes. The valuables have to be turned over to us until you hit freeside. Hand over your wedding ring. Please. It means so much. Hand it over. That's better. Mother living, father, brothers, sisters. Well, there's just my mother. She got married again. Nothing like this has ever happened to anybody in the family. In case of death, who do we notify? Death? Oh, mom, I guess. Along to any church? Well, we used to go. It's a church on State Street. Forgot its name. I think it's... In crime robbery, huh? One to 15 years. The judge called me an accessory. I gotta get your version of the crime, so shoot. Well, we'd only been married a couple of months. We tried to find a place to live, but everything cost so much. So mom let us move in with her and my stepfather. Well, Tom was always fighting with Gus. That's my stepfather. He tried to find a better job, and then he got fired. Gas to the crime. You know, when Tom drove into that gas station, I stayed in the car while... Then the attendant hit Tom over the head, and I ran out to help him. I guess that's why they called me an accessory. And they took back the $40. Five bucks less than it wouldn't be a felony. Don't try to kid me. How old are you? 19. I'll skip the mental test. You look normal enough. Lots of them haven't all their marbles. You can take your physical. Where? Infirmary. Your number's 93850. And remember it. Please, please, nurse. I feel faint. I'd like some water, please.  Come on. I'll open it wide. No drugs in mouth, teeth strong. Now hold still for blood samples. Next time you beef, I'll hook the needle. Lung cap, son. Part excited, but strong enough. Stomach. Now what's eating you? I feel a little sick. Get that way often? Yes, the last week or so. Hey, are you expecting company? I don't know. Another pregnant one.  You know who the father is? My husband. Well, ain't we getting respectable? Could he help with the expenses? He's dead. Another bill for the state. All right, get dressed and head for isolation. Isolation?  So for the next two weeks, no mail, no visitors, no nothing.  Come in, Mary. Sit down here, please. Thanks, Mrs. Benton. What's troubling you? In isolation, the way they talk to me. You'll find all kinds of women in here just as you would outside. But no prison is a normal place. How soon can I go home? If your record is good, you can come up for parole in 10 months. Marie, there's something I must tell you. According to the doctor's report, you're going to have a baby. A baby? Yes, you're two months on the way. Oh, but I can't have it here. Do I have to have it in here? I know how you feel, but the inmates aren't allowed to go home to have their babies. What am I going to do? What am I going to do? Don't worry. Any blood relatives can take care of your child until you get out. Then my mother will take care of it, but they wouldn't let me write her. Can I write her now? Yes, of course.  You know good from bad. Try to keep busy. It's important. Now, as to your work, I'll bet you helped your mother with your father's shirts, didn't you? Yes. Well, we'll put you in the laundry as a checker. It'll be easier for you because of the baby. You can see me any time. Thank you. Thank you very much, Mrs. Bend. Marie? Yes, ma'am Harper? Come in my room. Let's you and me get acquainted, honey. You may be a number to the others, but not to me. Sitting in that chair is kind of roomy. Thank you. This is a nice room, not like a jail. Like the furniture and stuff in here, huh? Just a little presents my girls gave me for taking good care of them. Caramel? No, thank you. Cigarette? No. You know you're going to find out that a lot of things are tough to get in here. Candy, chocolate bars, cigarettes, perfume. It's a personal service of my own.  On the side, sort of. I like to do good turns for the girls. Well, sometimes on the nights off, I drop in on the family. I could get real news to your husband. He's dead. How about your people? What do they do? My stepfather's a mechanic, but he's not working. I'll bet they saved up for a rainy day. When you think how I can make it easier for you, you being in the delicate condition, so to speak, I can get you anything you want. I can't favor every one of the girls. Time's money to me. I see. Mom would be glad to help if she could. No, no, huh? Come on, follow me. We're heading for the big bullpen. Home, sweet home, Marie. Like the big cage in a zoo. Only you clean it up instead of the keepers. Brush and buckets over here. Mrs. Benton said I was going to work in the laundry. I'm boss here. Start scrubbing. But Mrs. Benton told me that... Do as you're told. Where do I begin, Miss Harper? Now you're getting hip. Here, use this lie. The soap's low. Okay, get going. Yes. Didn't you ever scrub a floor? Put your shoulder in it. Now you're doing okay. Keep it up, and you and me will get along just fine. I'll be back soon. You can fight for me, too. A few lards off to Harper. That takes fun. How much time, young woman? One to 15 years. But I come up with parole in ten months. That's just a hot minute. What's your wrath? Robbery. Traffa society yet. I'm Kitty Stark. Glad to meet you. Kitty? Kitty? What's the beef, Georgia? A matrix that if I broke another dish, she'd report me. She refuses to believe I never worked in a kitchen. Yeah, yeah, I know.  Isn't the yacht you old man bought you?  It's always been like that. Even as a child, I had no one to go to. Take it easy, kid. Take it easy. Marie. Marie Allen. I'm Georgia Harrison. I shouldn't be in here. They said I forged some checks, but it was a mistake. Georgia's class was a capital K.  Marie, lay down that brush and wash your hands. Light burns them to the bone. Yes, they're burning already. Marie. Yes, Miss Harper? What do you think you're doing? What do you think you're going? It's time for dinner, isn't it? Not for you. I don't like you. Start scrubbing. Cool. Sadistic. Matron Harper. As I scrubbed the floor of the bullpen, I remembered something I'd read once. Life is for the living. Well, I wasn't dead yet.  You've got to fight for things in this world. And I was going to fight all right to get out of this cage and see that my kid got a decent chance. A better break than I had. Yes, those were my thoughts as I scrubbed that day. But how was I to know what was going to happen? How was I to know? And now, here's a word from RCA Victor. 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Now the second act of Caged, starring Eleanor Parker with Hope Emerson. They say you can tell a person by the company he or she keeps. My cellmates. Kitty Stark. Lifer. Infamurder. The toughest woman I've ever known. Claire, a jewelry fence, an habitual repeater. Smoochy, raised on the streets and hard as nails.  June, a repeater. A graduate of nursing school who only lived for the day she would be pruned. The only decent human being in the bullpen. And Georgia, tall, regal looking. One step removed from a nervous breakdown. Yes. These were my companions who were preparing me for my return to society. Millie. Roberts. June. Harrison. Kitty. Alan, Marie. Marie, Alan. I don't like squeers. How'd you get word to Benton? That you weren't working in the laundry? I didn't. I didn't. I didn't.  Hold it, Harper. You're riding a pony. Stay out of this, Millie. It was me got word to Benton. Yeah? Then I'm going to beat your skull in. I wouldn't if I were you. I'm a tall weed in the grass and the grapevines blooming. Put my hand on me and I'll put your lights out. I'm in for life.  Beat it. Well, I ain't got time to argue. Lights out and hit the bunks. Thanks, Millie. Forget it, kid. Sleep tight. I don't want to sleep. I want to talk. Hey, why do we talk about men? Fall in love with a guy who won't work. Last one beat me up and beat it out of town. But I got news for you. Men are important. Personally, I hate to say I'm abolished. If it wasn't for men, we wouldn't be in here smooching. Yeah, you said it.  Your husband and sir. He was killed in the holdup. If he was alive, he'd have another day when you got out anyway. How many jobs you pull when they nab you? I don't want to talk about it, please. You will. Cut out the gab. There are people in here who want to sleep. Good night. Good night. What's the matter, Georgia? I'm not true. How easy, Georgia, easy. I'm not true. Remarks. Six month pregnancy. Blood count low. Secondary anemia. Complains of backache. Come on, Smoochie. Marie's by the manga with Kitty. Let's see what's cooking. Okay. Hey, Marie. I've been watching you. I've been watching you. I've been watching you. I've been watching you. I've been watching you. I've been watching you. I've been watching you. I've been watching you.  What are you going to do when you flop out of stairs? Do you have a figure on boosting? Boosting. She don't even know what a booster is. Boosting. Shoplifting. The department store circuit. None of your five and dime stuff like your first rat kid. We operate on a big stair.  If they protect you, why are you in here? Because I knocked a guy off. But the sender could pay me for recruitin' so I can take care of Harper and live easy life. You just leave it to me. I'll see that you get your parole quick. No, I'm not interested. I know it's going to her head. She's been listening to Benton. Rehabilitation, taking cold showers, working for good behavior. When I get out, I'm not coming back after I'm paroled. Don't worry. You won't be paroled. They don't let any kind of stir until the parole office that gets her a job and a place to live. You see, kid, in this cage, you get tough or you get killed. You better wise up before it's too late. How about it? Don't think I'm not grateful, but I don't want to get mixed up in anything. I don't think boosting's the only way to get along when I get out of here. I've got to do it my own way. Oh. Hey, June. June, you were the nurse and freeside. What's the matter with her? Oh, nothing but vitamins and calcium wouldn't help. Smoochy. I'm all right. Smoochy, tell the nurse I said to go out and go to whatever Marie needs. It's all right. I'm all right. Marie knows we're taking favors from you, Orlando Kitty. Ain't you learn nothing? Quit needling her. Well, the only thing important is my baby. If you're old enough to have a kid, you don't need this success to stick in her nose and where I don't belong. Quiet. Here's Harper. What's all the gab about? You know the sign reads silence. Tomorrow's parole board day. Would you find out if my name's on the list? Mrs. Benton promised the moment... You're on the list, June. 3.30 today. Benton's office. Be there. Oh. Oh, thank the Lord. Nice work, kid. Oh, I got some slick new perfume you can have, huh? Let me iron your dress. Try my shoes on. Oh, thanks, girls. Thanks. 3.30. Three hours away. I'd have gone crazy if I'd told another year. I'll be 30 soon. I'm happy for you, June. Tell me, after you got out the first time, what made you fall back in? Same thing that got me in the first time. A guy. You're lucky.  Don't say that.  He can't turn you into a two-time loser like mine did. Even after I got out the first time. Very wise waiting for me. But that's all over with. I'm starting from scratch. Look, her old board must have left by now. Hey, here she comes. They flop made back. They flop made back. Oh, kid, that's lousy. Here, here, June. Lie down on this bunk. Lay me alone. Lay me alone. Come on, gang. How about a game of card, somebody? Not with you, kitty. I don't like the way you cheat. Who are you calling a crook?  The guy outside likes the way I look. Just bought himself a brand new car. Must be a truck. He's taken me to a show. Tough they flopped you back in, June. We could have double dated with his friend. After the show, he's taken me to his place. Real comfortable, if you know what I mean. Too bad you can't come along, June.  Good night, girl. Pleasant dream. June!  Pete don't like me to keep him waiting. Good morning, girls. I'm out for an hour. Hey, Marie, what's eating on you? June. She isn't in her bunk. Well, what of it? I'm worried.  No, no, I'm gonna find her. Have you seen June, Smoochie? Yeah, wet in the wash from a while ago. Oh, thanks. Dr. Ashton, this is Ruth Benton. I'm sorry to call you at such an hour, but I remember your offer to be a pre-consultant. The prison doctor is drunk and completely useless. It's an emergency. A premature birth brought on by shock. Marie Allen, one of our inmates. Thank you, doctor. What are you blowing your fuse for? Kids have been delivered here before. Yes, I know, Harper, in a filthy infirmary that I have no budget to repaint. Harper, five inmates swear they advised you June was depressed. And you believe any bullies, inmates hand you. I've asked you time and time again to watch changes in the girls' behavior. You mean to tell me you couldn't see that June was acting strangely? With 60 girls in my bullpen, my only job is to see that no one escaped. You help to kill June just as surely as if you would hang her yourself. Will they investigate? I wish somebody cared enough to make an investigation. So, what are you going to do? Suspend me? I'm going to do everything I can to have you fired. You gave me three suspensions and you couldn't make one of them sit. Remember? But this time I will. So you call the commissioner. So what? I call my friend Thornton Goodrich. He gets the commissioner on the phone and bingles. I'm back on the job again.  Do you know how it ought to be run? With a piece of rubber hose. Break them in two if they talk out of turn. Anyone who doesn't toe the mark sits in solitary for one month. Bread and water. One funny move from a girl and I'd clip her hair off her head. That's the way it used to be run and that's the way it ought to be run.  In a bare whitewashed, cheerless room my beautiful baby lay beside me. Looking at him, feeling the softness and the newness of him I was overcome with a happiness I'd never known. For the moment everything was forgotten time and space were suspended in the wonder of my son. This tiny human being who was all mine then I lifted my eyes and my world came apart. For the iron bars and the heavy mesh above the windows only reminded me that I was convict number 93850. Would they allow me to give my child a name? Or would they give him a number two? For discriminating smokers. Here's Ben Crosby with a word about vacations. Ken, when you mention vacations it brings a tear to my eye Poor Uncle Herbert. What happened to your Uncle Herbert? Uncle Herbert loves to fish. So on his vacation he hide himself off all alone to a secluded spot way back in the woods. Poor Uncle Herbert. He forgot his fishing pole? He forgot his chest to fill. So friends take a tip from me whether you're packing to take off for the weekend or for that long anticipated vacation. Pack a couple of cartons of those milder chest to fill. When you take off on a trip like that you like to go where you want and do what you want so tick along the cigarette that gives you what you want. Chesterfield. Chesterfield gives you its famous ABCs always milder, better tasting, cooler smoking plus no unpleasant aftertaste. Yep, the country's first and only cigarette taste panel reported of all brands tested only Chesterfield leaves no unpleasant aftertaste. Vacation time anytime. Take Chesterfields with you. The Makers of Anison for fast relief of the pain of headache, neuritis and neuralgia by RCA Victor, world leader in radio, first in recorded music, first in television and by Chesterfield. Always milder, better tasting, cooler smoking plus no unpleasant aftertaste and that's the biggest plus in cigarette history. The Screen Directors Playhouse presentation of Caged starring Eleanor Parker with Hope Emerson will continue in just a moment after a brief pause for station identification. We continue transcribed with the third act of the Screen Directors Playhouse presentation of Caged starring Eleanor Parker with Hope Emerson in their original roles of Marie Allen and Harper. The paths of glory lead but to the grave. I wonder whether paths of trying to be honest and on the square in a jail lead. Well, you can't help but feel good when someone does you a good turn like Mrs. Benton removing from my child's birth certificate place of birth. As this was quite a day for me, my mother was visiting me for the first time waiting behind the meshed wire.  Stop it! Marie, baby, you're feeling all right now? I'm okay. How are you? Aalyn a bit. I hope you understand about me not writing. I mean, I ain't much of a one on writing. Oh, sure. Isn't it wonderful about your grandson? Yeah, wonderful. I'm going to call him Tommy. Oh, Mom, you're going to love him. Already he's got hair, the same color as Tom's, but he's got your eyes. I can't take the baby. What do I want to? What woman my age don't want a grandchild but just stepfather won't have it in the house. We argued and argued till I was blue in the face to help me if I had a dime to my name. I'd walk out on him. I'm listening to you and how I could take the baby. But I can't leave Gus. I don't know what to do. I just don't know what to do. Mom, stop crying. Tom's folks are dead and if you won't take him, they'll put him out for adoption. What do you want me to do? You've got to leave Gus. Well, I'm not as young as I was. I tire easily. The doctor says my feet don't... Can't you think of anyone but yourself? But it would be better if someone else took him, some nice family with money. They could bring him up real nice. I don't want anyone else to have it. My God, my God. If they kid a good family, maybe you'll even get a cut. A baby being to at least two grand in the black market. Get away from me. Don't let them take my baby away. Please don't let them take my baby away. You said you'd help me if I ever needed help, but I need it now. Haven't you got a friend? Anyone at all who just take care of my son until my parole comes through? It's only three months. Then I can have him when I get out. Don't worry. Believe me. If there were anything I could do for you. Please, Mrs... If I could take him myself, but I'm not allowed to. You're the only one I can turn to. We haven't any choice. You're estate charge. It's the law.  Those are just words.  I had a friend. The only good person I met in here, June. She was flopped back when she should have been given free side. She's dead. I guess you couldn't help that either. That was a lot. Someday you're going to find out that most people in free side wouldn't hand you a job being at a big bend. Listen to me and see my connection. You're wasting your breath, Kitty. I'll say. Read it and weep. Vice Queen enters state prison today. Ellie Powell refuses to testify.  I'm not interested. You stay out of this. Just as long as I'm paying you off, I'll look out for my end. Them days are over. I'm not interested in penny-ante stuff anymore. I'm working with Ellie from here on in.  Tough, aren't you, Kitty?  That's a fine way to greet a friend, isn't it, Harper? Friend? That's a laugh, Ellie. Kitty Gimpy Sullivan says you're drumming up shoplifters from the inside. I've got a concession. No more. While I'm in, I want no kibbutzing from you. Gather round, girls. I've got some presents for you. Here, scramble for them. What's your name? Marie. Marie Allen. Why aren't you diving for the lipsticks? I like my lips natural. Pretty, aren't you? Here, I've got something special for you. A rhinestone compact. Rhinestones are phony. You can have real ones when you change your type. Look, I'm a big girl, and this isn't my first year away from home. If I said no to Kitty, I'm sure not going to say yes to you. Keep your compact. I don't want any favors. Take it, Marie. But I don't want it. When Ellie Powell tells you to do something, do it. A real ball of fire. The boys are going to like her. Lay off, Ellie. She's my pigeon. Did you hear what she said, Harper? What are you going to do about it? What do you think? Line up for the count, you cramps. No, no, no. Louis. Millie. Stop, Kitty. Kitty, I'm going to take you. I've been wanting to for a long time. How do you think you're going to like two weeks of solitary? Wait a minute. Don't take a step or I'll bash your head in with this club. Marie Allen. Three o'clock tomorrow. Benton's office. Perot hearing. Please repeat that again. You hurt me. Not that it'll do you any good.  You'll make the grade sooner. This is Marie Allen, gentlemen. How do you do? Have a seat, young lady.  I never wanted to and my husband wouldn't listen to reason and I couldn't leave him. I loved him. Mm-hmm. What type of work can you do? Well... Speak up. I could be a sales girl or wait tables. Work in a laundry. After all the experience I've had here... Please try to make your answers brief. This report states your stepfather refuses to have you in his home. Where would you live, if parole? Well, where would you live with relatives? Yes, with my Aunt Rose and Uncle Harry. They're very respectable. Uncle Harry's a gateman for one of the biggest factories. They're very fond of me. If they're so fond of you, why didn't they take your child? A baby would have been a lot of trouble. I wouldn't be... We'll investigate them. Maybe it'd be better if I lived alone. Any place the parole officer found... Out of the question. He must make certain you have beneficial surroundings and guidance. You're hardly more than a child, only 19. A girl grows old here before her time. Marie's been married. She's seen her husband killed. She's borne a baby here in prison. She's had the baby taken away from her by-law. Can anyone be called young, who's lived through such experiences? I've lived a lifetime and a year in this cage. And if I have to fall back in, I'll be like the others. And I'm not like them. Please, just give me a chance to prove it. I've paid my debt. Let me out, please! You'll never regret it. I promise you I... Marie! Marie, after careful consideration, at your age, with no favorable home conditions and no beneficial influences on the outside, we feel that 10 months is too short a time to prepare you for your responsibilities outside. The roll is not granted. Review your case in a few months and you'll hear from us. The roll is not granted. With no favorable home conditions. A few months and you'll hear from us. A few months. A few months. Just like June. Only she didn't live a few more months. I've got to get out of here. Over the wall! Yeah, poor thing was almost frozen. I found him out in the yard. He's going to keep him against regulations. Yes, I'm going to keep him. You'd think a cat that had more sense and wanted to come roll in here. Harper's going to pitch a doozy if she finds it. I don't care. Taking care of somebody makes you feel like somebody. You're going stern, that's Marie. This beautiful kitten needs someone to mind him. Someone to look after him. Watch him go. Okay, file out, you tramp! No, I won't. No one in the world is going to take this kitten away from me. Hand it over. Get away from me.  I'll slap your head in.    It's a kitten. It's dead. I want to know who started this. It was Marie Allen. She attacked me when I tried to take away the cat. Then she tried to escape. Is this true, Marie? Yes. The first time you tried to escape, I gave you the benefit of the doubt. This time you'll have to be disciplined. I'm going to put you in solitary for three days. All I wanted was a kitten. Only three days? Those are my orders! All right. Let's get going, Marie. Matron, take her to my room. No, Harper, you're not going to...  Sit her in that chair. Harper, if Benton ever finds out...  Hold her hands behind the chair. No! Won't you sit down? The governor's married in a turkey gobbler.  Aren't you confused? It wasn't I that gave out the ridiculous story to the newspapers that there was immorality in this prison due to my negligence. It was Miss Harper. Well, what's the idea of getting her sore over nothing at all? Well, I suppose a man would call the clipping of a girl's hair nothing at all. Well, you could have talked it over with her instead of flying off the handle. There is no place on my staff for Matrons like Evelyn Harper. It's too bad all this had to happen before she was fired. Who said anything about firing her? I can get Harper to take back what she said. She can call it a mistake, admit that she was a hothead. And I've prepared some directives which will announce her to be put into effect immediately. Directives? Yes, in the form of a memo to you. Inmates who have been honor women will no longer be out in subordinate positions on the staff. The proposed plan to allow occasional work outside the prison when merited by selected girls is denied. As well as the proposed plan for education... You don't honestly think I'd consent to that? Why, I'd be betraying every man and woman working to free prisons for methods like yours to insulate them from the abuses of politicians, cheap politicians! Now let's not lose our tempers. I came here with the best intentions in the world hoping to get together with you to let this thing blow all over. But you leave me with no alternative except to ask for your resignation. Then I'll demand a public hearing. The state allows me such a hearing and you know it. Let the public learn how the prison is rotten. Fire me, commissioner. I insist on it. I want the public hearing. Three days in solitary and a month in the infirmary gives you plenty of time to think about a lot of things. Kitty's dark in a bed on the other side of the room. As the woman of stone suddenly crumbled I defeated Khan, the victim of Harper's cruelty. The darkness and dampness and coldness of a slimy solitary. The blank stare in her eyes, not recognizing. And the nervous tick of her face muscles. Was that my future if I remained honest and didn't play Alvira Powell's game? Then back to normal prison life. Only it wasn't normal. The girls had reached the point of trigger tension. Harper's cruelty had brought us all to the stage of animal anger and there was a feeling that at any minute all hell could break loose. Now, what are you waiting for? Who are you staring at, Marie? You, Harper. You're looking for another haircut? Kitty? Stark, why don't you answer me? Answer me, I said. Leave her alone.   Kitty, if you can't hold that fork properly, get back to the bullpen. Hold that fork right, I said. Oh, I hold it right. Right in your heart. Kindly omit flowers. I keep thinking of Kitty sitting in the death house and I get the shakes. Well, take it easy before you blow it to the pump. I didn't know what kind of a heel-hopper was. Quit shaking the tambourine. Okay. I see you're still carrying my rhinestone compact around, Marie. When are you trading it in for the real McCoy? I'm not.  Paul's given it to you straight, Marie. Ain't you played the honest John too long? You could still get out of here. But you haven't got much time. I'm being sprung tomorrow. Listen to her, honey. What do you want her to do, send you an engraved invitation? Want me to answer for you, Marie?  Marie, these bird brains giving you a spiel what to do out in freeside hands me a laugh. Before you get any bright ideas, listen to me. Well, I got a file as long as your arm. I was queen of the con women when Paul was wearing diapers. There's nothing I ain't done, including murder.  But I can't remember how long ago. Then the second rap. Then the third. Now I'm a lifer. I'll be 71 soon. And you know what I think? Nobody got cheated but me. 40 years taken away. So I'm giving it to your straight kid. Wait a year on dead time. But get a legit job slinging hash. Then get a good guy. Have a kid.  Thanks, Millie. But I'm not sticking around. Paul, I'm trading in this phony rhinestone compact. I figured you would. You've got class. The boys will talk to the parole board. You'll be out by tomorrow. I made it, Maireen. In a hurry, too. Check me out, Maidren. 93850, checking out. I guess you want your wedding ring bag, don't you? Keep it for a souvenir. I'm interested in diamonds. And thanks for the haircut. Maireen? I'd like to talk to you. What about, Miss Bedman? Now that you're leaving, let's not lie to each other. What do you mean? Cashier's job. You've gotten us just a blind. The parole office are OK, didn't she? Well, Viola Powell has a lot of friends. In a couple of more months, the parole office could have found your work. You'd have made some honest money. Had self-respect and decency. Oh, yeah, those things ever get me. Why do you give up now that you don't need to when you're free? Free for what? To go to my baby.  From now on, what's in it for me is all that matters.   Marie, if you ever need any help... Thanks, but I won't. For that 40 bucks, Charmin, I heisted. I certainly got myself an education. Here's the address of the parole office, Marie. Goodbye. Good luck. So long. Front gate, nine, three, eight, five, oh. Coming out. Miss Benton, what'll I do with her file? Keep it active. She'll be back. I'll be back, all right. And so will many, many more like me. First timers who graduate into second and third, and I don't know how many times. Do you know who's to blame? You. All of you out there. The crime in the beginning was all ours. But now you're to blame for refusing to open your eyes, for refusing to see, for refusing to lift your hands, for refusing to take time to investigate and do something about it. Yes, we judge you guilty. Guilty. Well, and a Parker and Hope Emerson for an excellent performance. Our stars will return in just a moment. Next week, the Screen Directors Playhouse will again present another great motion picture story. Our adaptation will be Wuthering Heights, and our stars will be Dorothy McGuire and James and Pamela Mason. And I'll hear again at tonight's stars, Eleanor Parker and Hope Emerson. I believe I speak for both Hope and myself when I say that an actress is extremely lucky to have the roles we did in Caged and more than extremely lucky to have a director as imaginative and creative as John Cromwell to guide us. How right you are. Without a good director, a farmer is sort of like a ship without a rudder.  Ladies and gentlemen, may I present Mr. Al Rogel, president of Screen Directors Incorporated, one of the best directors in this town, and well, about the nicest guy you'd like to invite into your living room. Excellent. I want to say this about you and Hope. Watching true artists at work is exciting and I'm excited enough right now to tell you truthfully, you were both magnificent and I'm sure that if John Cromwell were able to be here tonight, he would agree that you both gave your usual Academy Award performance. Well, those are sure kind words. And from the bottom of our hearts, we thank you.  Good night. Good night. Good night everyone. Caged was presented through the courtesy of Warner Brothers, producers of the Technicolor adventure drama Captain Horatio Horn's Law, starring Gregory Peck and Virginia Mail. Included in tonight's cast were Marty Marguettes, Jean Bates, Gigi Pearson, Virginia Gregg, Irene Winston, Peggy Weber, Betty Blythe, Grace Lennard, Eleanor Oddly, and Byron Kane. Caged was adapted for radio by Jack Rubin. Screen Directors Playhouse is under the production supervision of Howard Wiley and is directed by Bill Carn. Portions of tonight's broadcast were transcribed. This is Jimmy Wallington speaking and inviting you to listen again next week to Screen Directors Playhouse when we present Wuthering Heights, starring Dorothy McGuire and James and Pamela Mason. Tomorrow here, Backstage Wife on NBC.


So our first question I would like to call on His Highness the Amir of Karno whom I have not seen yet Oh Many of us also know you as the former governor of the central bank of Nigeria your highness Thank you very much. Your Majesty. Let me join colleagues in congratulating you on this 10th anniversary as a special advocate I know we go back a long. We remember when you were first appointed 2009. That was the year became governor of central bank and I think I was your first meeting at the World Bank and you were my first meeting. So It's and I've been following your progress over the last 10 years and I congratulate you on what you've achieved My question is linked to a disagreement we had when I was governor of central bank After you launched our financial inclusion program and we our strategy and we started mobile banking And we had a number of robust discussions where you've been More technologically savvy than I and trusting technology more than I did Wanted us to go fast with the telcos and I wanted a bank-led model I'm ashamed to admit that you were right and I was wrong And two years later. I had a chance to Acknowledge to you when you came back to Nigeria that I was wrong and you were right and I'm happy the central bank is correcting my mistake But at the heart of my concern Coming from risk management background and after financial crisis was that we all agree that technology comes with threats and opportunities And my concern was how to protect customers as we move into a highly Modern technological environment. So can you expand on in what way your work would help protect customers as we drive? technology financial inclusion First of all, thank you very much for coming. He you've been a great proponent financial inclusion even though from a bank-led model initially But you're very right. I think like I just said in my in my speech Technology is really our best chance to really make financial inclusion happen So we'll have to embrace it but embrace it with also not all the opportunities, but also with the risks and the way we've been trying to actually Address this issue is first of all get together the innovators with the regulators Because by having the dialogue between both you can actually have a better understanding. What are the real risks that are actually? Being on the line in this new FinTech type of financial service providers It is about sometimes Capital risks it is sometimes about operational risk, but they have to be understood and we don't speak with each other Probably that's not really going to happen So that was my first thing that I try to do is actually try to get regulators and innovators to discuss together The other issue is for regulators to learn among each other. We're going to be going to Singapore in November to the FinTech Festival and a lot of regulators are going to get together there I'm going to be discussing with each other. How did you solve this issue? How did you try to address this other issue? I think that you know learning from each other is extremely powerful We also produced a report for a lot of emerging markets for them to cut corners in the learning curve of actually how to deal with these new entrants to the market Which have actually been very very valuable to a lot of people The other issue which I think is extremely important. I always like to call it public goods I was always discussing about what the name should be like would sometimes go beyond financial inclusion and These are very important issues data privacy has been mentioned. It's not something that is only for financial services I mean data privacy is a very big issue, but it's something that needs to be addressed Cyber security goes beyond financial inclusion, but is essential for financial inclusion to happen in a sustainable way IDs identification very very important to have something that is also Public based and in what you can actually have the KYC done Connectivity we've talked about women financial inclusion Well, we have to also talk about the digital inclusion for a lot of certainly the poorest certainly the women certainly the farmers Interoperability without interoperability We're not going to have an open system that is efficient and that is really solid enough to actually take these amount of payment Transactions that are actually happening in many of these economies the financial and digital literacy Fair competition, we just talked, you know, maybe just one winner takes it all and takes the whole market and that is also never good for consumers and Physical infrastructure such as agent networks for people to cash in cash out with their own risk in itself But those are manageable. So I think we've actually had a long learning curve We have fantastic examples of many countries been doing this in a very good way And I think we have to keep on learning each other because innovation hasn't stopped We're gonna keep on having new innovations I will have to keep on updating each other and analyzing what needs to be done but I really welcome the amount of You know engagement that I see from all the regulatory perspective and the Basel committee Which actually have been now dwelling into this new Subject and actually providing guidance to a lot of regulators around the world. Thank you For the next question I would like to call on Mary Ellen as Candarion who is here Mary Ellen your question. Thank you Tillman your majesty Congratulations, and thank you so much for all of your work you and and Melinda both spoke so eloquently About women's financial inclusion, and you've always been such a great champion Of making sure that women have as you say both digital and financial inclusion I wonder though, are there any other segments that you think we should be Turning our attention to and require that that urgent need in addition to to women in terms of financial inclusion Yes first of all Even though there are you know farmers and micro and small media-sized enterprises need a lot of attention I still would like to insist on the women because when I started doing this work I thought you know it's gonna go by itself when you change the regulations everybody's gonna be taking it up and It didn't happen the amount of women that actually had access and usage of financial services did grow but we have a consistent gap between men and women and It's there's a misconception that financial services are gender-neutral that you know that women and Men demand the same type of financial services and that is not really so So I think we need to do an interior effort to really do a lot more work to see what are the needs of women and What are the you know in different cultures because differently that changes from the US to the Philippines To Africa to the African continent so and I wouldn't like to generalize but we still have this 9% gender gap And if we're now looking into the future, we're gonna be depending on technology and on an average today Women are 10% less likely to use or to have a mobile phone They're 26% less likely to use internet So if we're gonna be depending on this digitization Digital inclusion will be an extremely important issue that we need to Look into for them to be really fully digitally financially included So we need to advocate To change some of these barriers sometimes our cultural norms sometimes, you know, the husband doesn't let their wives to get out of the house My husband does thank God Sometimes it's a just a constraint because she said you know caretaker the whole house And she kind of move very freely sometimes they have less IDs 33% of women have less IDs than men so just so many different issues that we need to really address per jurisdiction per country and really try to Speak with every country and try to change that so it's digital inclusion financial inclusion And for all of that one thing that is amazing is when I started doing this work Not only there was not a lot of data and we got that data in but there's not a lot of gender desegregated data So even in my country the Netherlands where we're talking about with the banking industry and how many loans they give to SME's Mostly the CEOs didn't really know When they realized it was you know around 30 percent sometimes less they were shocked and now they're really doing something about it So, you know data gives people knowledge and they make these issues actionable And I think we need to invest a lot more in data both on the public side But also in the private sector side Mostly the telecom companies do not know how many of the clients are women Only one fifth of them and that is shocking because we're going to be depending on actually giving the good services to them How do you actually define a good service for a woman if you don't know that your client there as a woman or not? So again a huge work to be undertaken But with a huge potential we know what it's like to invest in women That means you invested the whole family and the whole community and we know what it'd be like to GDP growth It would actually have at par the labor participation of women to men. Thank you For the next question I would like to call on the CEO of Unilever Well, thank you very much And thank you very much your majesty for your leadership and congratulations on everything that you've achieved You crack the whip on your CEO group every year at Davos and Adjay we've been working together Thanks to being beaten up in Davos and I thought we might as well try and get ahead of the curve and ask what more Do you think the private sector can do? Particularly at the bottom of the pyramid And are there any limitations things you think the private sector should stay away from so we can get working On our homework before we see you again on this subject Thank you very much. I think by My evening just getting a little bit worse and worse by everybody that is speaking Let me say first of all the private sector is essential I mean the government are the ones responsible for the public goods for the rules and regulations But the private sector is the ones going to provide scale and I'm really happy about this innovative partnerships That we've been seeing that Adjay has been doing with you, but you know, you're not the only ones in a CEO partnership We've actually seen a Flourishment of these partnerships of actually a company that needs potatoes and to buy potatoes But they cannot source it locally and by getting together with a telecom operator They would actually do the payments and with a bank and insurance companies all of a sudden these women farmers Have access to markets because they will buy the potatoes They will actually have access to payments immediately access to inputs and Also access to credit and on top of that health insurance through this insurance company None of these companies would have been able to go so far in into these sort of rural areas so My issue and I keep on insisting in the CEO partnership is It's I know that I have the whip or I don't know how to call it Don't want to repeat what you said but um I Think that one thing is to have all the CEOs the global CEO sitting around the table But we have to get the local CEOs really convinced on this issue and lawyers convinced of this issue Because it's innovation is going really beyond what you normally do if we really are serious about this issue We need to innovate and we have to have courage to go beyond business as usual and that is hard It's hard to explain to your shareholders It's hard to explain to your local CEOs and it's hard to explain sometimes through the regulators that I say You know what you're supposed to be a bank not to be doing all these other things So I really hope that we can keep on working together There's a lot of markets that we have to still service. So I'm really counting on you So thank you very much for collaboration We want to bring this to a KLM precision landing On time be respectful of your time So we only have a question time for one more question from my other at Zock be at CFC if I and it is on the SDGs Which also allows you to bring this back together at the UN your majesty for any last concluding remarks you want to make My other thank you so much. Tell me your majesty congratulations on an amazing 10 years And thank you for including us and thank you for including us in your celebration and thank you for picking my question So my question to you is about the SDGs and as you know, the financial inclusion is not a standalone SDG But we've been saying that it's an important enabler of the other SDGs and it has potential to have Big impact on the SDGs. So I want to talk about the measurement of financial inclusion progress How is that done? Within the SDGs and what does financial inclusion? Can how does it contribute to achieving the SDGs by 2030 given that we have 11 more years to go? Thank you so much. Of course that relation. I mean my title is financial inclusion for development. So It seems self-explanatory, but sometimes we really have to make the point, you know, where do we really touch and help The outcomes of the sustainable development goals like I've always said financial inclusion is not an ending itself but rather a means to an end and One of the things we've actually achieved is actually make the relationship to a lot of these very big outcomes So yes, we are within seven SDGs for example reduction of poverty, food security Women economic empowerment, etc. And we are under eight targets So we make it all the indicators and feed into the results We have to present in a couple of years as Accomplishment of the sustainable development goals. So How do we measure this and and I goes back to what I was just saying we need to have indicators We need to measure progress Not only to sort of show that we've actually made progress because we need to also see what are the things that we really need to change Like they said today, it's not only about people having access It's also people are changing their life because they actually had access to the financial service that actually improved their You know cash flow and the fund and the financial You know the situation in general I'm extremely happy and I have to be very thankful to the World Bank and the Gates Foundation that some years ago we started this survey book, which is actually called findex and there we have a hundred and forty countries and Measurements are done every three years and you can see, you know First of all, you can make a comparable between countries and you can see very clearly Well, well the advances are going where the programs where the stalling is actually happening And where do we really have to focus more and more attention? the IMF the IMF has done a fantastic job with their financial access survey and Which actually even includes now gender Data, so we are central banks around the world, you know, how many accounts are there? Do you know do you see the growth and how many women owned accounts and I have to say that even Christine Lagarde Was personally involved with me to push central bankers to give that gender-disaggregated data And when they got this gender-disaggregated data, a lot of them was like, oh my god I didn't realize that actually we were not serving women properly We also had the World Bank enterprise surveys and the remittance surveys and all this data is basically feeding into this eight Into the seven goals and we're going to be presenting that so I have to say that One big Analysis the World Bank did some years ago that really convinced me to get into this issue is there was a longitudinal empirical study that actually said Financial inclusion is not only pro-growth But it's also pro-poor therefore reducing inequality and we see I mean tons of evidence in Nepal We have examples that women-headed households have increased their spending on education Once they had access to savings accounts in Tanzania Thanks to digitization of payments people have been a reduction in water collection from three hours into ten minutes This is women, you know lining up to get water and Go globally pay as you go companies provided 10 million people with affordable modern energy thanks to digital financial options, so I Think we need to do more to actually even have more effect and Maybe a lot more sustainable development goals and like I said, you know, you have to measure it You have to follow it up and that will give us more inspiration to work on the future Thank you so much With that With that and a big thank you to all the distinguished speakers and for all of you for coming We are concluding the proceedings. Thank you very much again your matters. Thank you very much


welcome. Thanks so much for joining us. Think Tech Hawaii. And today, even with all the things that are going on that make celebrating and being thankful more challenging, we have a somewhat celebratory show. This one's about Juneteenth. And there are things about it that require reflection and appreciation. Hey, not just the fireworks. So with us today, retired judge Sandra Sims, retired law professor Van Davis and still visiting professor at the University of Washington and Lee School of Law and mediator arbitrator and coach business coach Tina Patterson. Welcome folks. So thank you. Sandra, you grew up in Chicago. Was there something different than Juneteenth that you experienced growing up that's still going now? We were just talking about that and I'm excited about all the Juneteenth celebrations and associations of culture. And I remember and I was kind of thinking about what we didn't celebrate Juneteenth. I didn't know about Juneteenth until relatively recently. But we did have a celebration in Chicago that's actually been going on for 93 years now called the Bud Billigan Day. And it was an opportunity for black folks in the Chicago community. It was a huge parade. It was put on by the Chicago Defender newspaper. And it just kind of celebrated culture. The parade was huge. And well, it might, you know, kids.  It was in the Washington Park, which is, you know, one of the big city parks. So I remember that as being one of the ways in which we, you know, celebrated culture because, you know, there was educational exhibits. And of course, the people in the parade, you see all the, you know, the bands from the high schools and the, you know, because high schools had bands in those days. And they actually participated. But it was, it was, you know, it was just for us, it was like the high point of the summer, kind of getting ready to get back to school was the Bud Billigan Day. So I was just, you know, reflecting on that as ways in which we've celebrated culture, you know, in our black communities and different ways.  But then yeah, there were those events. And I'm sure there are other events in other parts of the country, people who've celebrated different aspects of black culture. So we had that connection. So yeah, that was what I was remembering. Juneteenth is great though. This is good. And tell us a little bit about the Defender, which a lot of the people watching this may not be well aware of. The Chicago Defender was probably one of the first, most well known of the African American black community newspapers.  But you had the Defender as well. And most black families that I knew, everybody got, you know, got the Defender as well. Because that's how you kept up with what's going on in the black community. I mean, they reported everything. In fact, one of the most memorable front pages of the Defender, which I still remember to this day, was the photograph that they posted of In the Chill in, without any, it was traumatizing. I still remember that. And I was like, a little kid, I remember that. Yeah. I remember seeing that in Jet. I remember. Yeah, I was in, yeah, yeah. Jet was one of the Johnson publications, but the Chicago Defender was the paper that actually published that full on picture. And it's, you just checked the Jet still, the Defender is still being published online, but Chicago Defender still. So what was the role of the Defender in the great migration of so many black people from the South to the Northeast, to the Midwest, to the West over many decades? Oh, absolutely. Because they reported on everything that, I mean, it was like, they were in the black community telling about everything that was taking place from the churches or the communities, from the people. And of course, the not so nice things that people did to one another, the crime and stuff, that was it. But it was like, if you wanted to, it was not sure, and it wasn't sugarcoated. And then there were the social things that they reported, the entertainers and all of that was in there as well.  There you go.  But back in the day, my dad worked for Johnson Publication as a roving photographer. So we used to go to Chicago. He used to be in Chicago a lot. But I was, I'd heard, I was listening to a show, which we were talking about the Green Book, and that before the Green Book, the Chicago Defender would have, you know, sort of these little sections about where you could go, where you could not go, you know, this, when blacks were traveling, you know, it was this part of the sort of the service that was done, you know, this is where you could stay, this is where you couldn't stay, you know, that kind of stuff. So it was a really powerful force in the, in the community. I didn't learn much about Juneteenth, when I was, say, you know, the elementary school, except I remember learning about, I think it was in fifth or sixth grade about the fact that the people in Galveston, Texas, the enslaved people there didn't learn about two years later that they were free. And for me, the probably the more moving things had been later in life learning that there was the general, general Granger, who was the guy who showed up and announced it. But among the troops that were with them, where there were regiments of colored soldiers, you know, and so when I try to think of myself, I think of myself as the slave, okay, in Galveston, as some kid is the slave there, imagining seeing these colored soldiers in the Union uniform would have been like seeing aliens from Mars, you know, I mean, just what the heck, you know, what the heck you know. And then these guys come walking and they have, you know, they've got rifles and all that stuff.  Yeah, really something. Yeah, that kind of, kind of gives me a little bit of chicken skin, they're just thinking about it as well. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. You know, I don't know what it was like for you, Tina growing up, was it, how was it with Juneteenth when you were a little girl? Growing up didn't know about Juneteenth. I actually found out about Juneteenth when I lived in Northern Texas. And there were people in the community who, you know, was pockets of people who celebrated Juneteenth, much like we talked about before the session began. The first time I heard it, heard about it, I wasn't too keen that the idea that people were celebrating getting news two years later really didn't settle well with me. Yes. Interestingly enough, Chuck, we were here about this time last year when the Biden administration announced that Juneteenth was going to be a federal holiday. And I said something very similar, which was I didn't want the focus to be on the late delivery of the news, that people in Texas had gotten a late delivery of the news, that instead, hopefully we could focus on the resilience of those individuals who, and I'm sure as you said, Bennett, that there were some people who even once they got the news of freedom, still didn't believe it and couldn't, had to decide with, were they ready to really move on and do what they dreamed of? Could they make that dream a reality? And it's that piece that I hope we could focus on.  So I'm not in that crowd. I would prefer to think of July first or second. And it's because of the civil rights act being, to me, an independence day for people. But so, yeah, growing up, I grew up in New England the most part. I'm a military. But we, Juneteenth really was not part of my discussions until, I'd say in the 90s, when I lived in New York, Texas. And even then it was very small scale, families getting together with people. And now we see this year, jurisdictions, not just in the United States, but globally celebrating Juneteenth. Chuck, thank you for sharing with us the National Geographic article from 2021, talking about a community in northern Mexico that was instrumental in the Southern Underground Railroad. It's fascinating to see this connection, again, that spirit of resilience. And maybe that's one of the important lessons for all of us, is that we do have holidays that are dedicated to losses and tragedies. Yes. Veterans Day, Memorial Day, and others. And to the service of people, but to the service of those people who have been lost. Yeah. And so maybe one of the things, if there's a coalescing healing direction to this, maybe what can we learn from having this placed in front of us with prominence, at least once a year? And maybe the opportunity to learn about things like the defender, the great migration, the two and a half year delay in getting word to people in the Confederate States that African Americans were in fact free, were no longer allowed to be held as slaves as property. So are there current lessons for us now, things that we still need to learn and prioritize that Juneteenth can help make us aware of? Well, I'll take a stab at that one. I think one of the things for us to learn today is just how useful it is to have an inclusive version of American history for all Americans as they come up through their elementary, junior high and high school experience. And rather than being sort of in a situation of resistance to any part of that history, but it's really just to give a sense of the complexity of it. And like one of the things that really struck me, you mentioned Memorial Day, and I only learned recently about, I guess it was right after the Civil War, and there were a bunch of Union soldiers who've been basically buried in mass graves somewhere, I think in Charleston, South Carolina. And there was an effort to remove them from their graves in this mass grave and give them property burials. And there was a parade on the occasion where there were all these children with flowers, black children with flowers, who were singing John Brown. And that was sort of part of the genocide. The idea of Memorial Day was from that honoring that was done by that. There's like 10,000 people back in 1865 or 1666 or something. That that was part of the genesis of the idea of Memorial Day. And when I thought of just imagine all these little kids with the packets of flowers and all these people being buried and people are putting flowers on the graves. To me, that's such a beautiful expression of patriotism, love for America and all that. That I didn't think those things would be nice to just share them, right? That that would be part of it. And we got a lot of bad history, but it's like, yeah, well, let's have all that. Because I just, to me anyway, it moved me enormously just the idea of these kids singing John Brown. Especially, I guess, when you think of the innocence of kids, I guess in all of our heads, there's those poor little kids in Uvalde and all that. And just imagine of kids that age singing John Brown. It's just made me cry when I first heard that story. Yeah. Yeah. It was very moving. Very moving. Yeah. And welcome, Louise. You're still on mute. So sorry to be late. Oh, you're never late. So Sandra, Ben and Tina, we're just giving us some background, not only on Juneteenth, but on the Ben Billiken holiday parade in Chicago, the Defender Periodical newspaper that played such a large role in the great migration of many Black families from the South to the Northeast, to the Midwest, to the West, and to building awarenesses. So one of the things that we were just starting to talk about is how can broadening and deepening the celebration of Juneteenth bring the awarenesses that are going to help us get through these really difficult divisive times. So stringing it on you, Louise, now joining us. Any thoughts on that? What do we need to be aware of that we've missed? I think that, well, I'm so sorry I missed everybody else. So I hope I don't repeat or say something crazy. But I do think that the storytelling and the history telling is so important. And thanks to Sandra and one of our past Think Tech panels, I've been listening on audible to the warmth of other sons, which has just been fascinating because I was not aware of the whole history of the migration and the decades that it took and all of the social implications. And it was an eye-opener. And I think people just need to there just needs to be more education and public education about this. I think one of the neat things about one of the silver line is of COVID was just more availability of virtual talks that we could all plug into. And among those were the talks about Black history that I think were just really important to me to learn about that aspect. And I think it's so important for history. Yeah, yeah. That's a good point that you said that. And I think what Tina had referenced earlier, the resilience, and I think that's also reflected in the warmth of other sons is one of those books that you, it's a long one, but you really need to delve into it. And it's interesting, I was in San Francisco a few weeks ago and working with some folks in the Bayview community. And one of the people there was talking about that migration into the San Francisco area. And he had not read of the warmth of other sons. And I said, Sam, you got to read that because it tells you that he was talking about folks coming there into the shipyards, into the working. And then the kinds of things they had with regard to the Chinese exclusion, all of that is happening in that Bayview area. I said, you got to read that because that explains really a lot of the movement there, and how those communities developed. It's, it's, it's, it really helps us, I think, to just understand the resilience of Black folks, minority communities in this country that have this history of just literally being trampled for the most part throughout their history. And to still be standing and to still be fighting and to still be persevering is, is honestly quite remarkable. I read a book, Mary and Edelman wrote a book some years ago called The Lessons to Her Sons. And one of the comments that she made, you know, her son's attorney 21, and she gave them lessons from being, you know, Black in America and one of the things she commented was that it was utterly exhausting to be Black in America. It was just exhausting, but this is what we need to do, you know. And that just kind of stayed with me that I, you know, for Black, many minorities just actually, yeah, the resilience is there. We have to have that because it is exhausting. And those are the great values of Isabelle Wilkerson's book, The Warmth of Other Sons, is that it systematically rebuts debunks and disposes of a lot of the myths that are actually the same myths that are being put out by the same people who are putting out the big lie now. They're coming from the right-wing sectors of society and they're used, like the Great Replacement Theory and others, to justify going back to times in which people were subjugated based on ethnic, cultural, skin color, and other factors that have no place in this country. And I think that's the importance of Juneteenth and other heritage events and months is that we need to fight back against this whole anti-critical race theory effort. And yes, we need to educate people, need to be aware, and it's not just, and not to place blame on the current generations, but to understand where we were and how we can move forward. You know, one of the things that I have also been following is the California Reparations Task Force because one of my local friends is the only non-Black, and he's Asian-American on the panel. And his, you know, what he often talks about is just why other minority communities, particularly Asian-American communities, need to care about this issue and how the Black community supported the reparations to World War internees and why Asian-American communities should support this reparations effort. And I think sort of emphasizing the ways that other, you know, diverse communities can support each other is important. Yeah. Yeah. I think it was in, what is it, 2013 was the 7th, 60th anniversary, 50th anniversary of the March on Washington. And I went down there and brought my kids with me, you know, so that they would sort of see that. And that was really amazingly beautiful with the variety of people coming together to celebrate that occasion. I remember, I mean, you know, what I mean is White people, Black people, Asian-Americans, Native Americans all, you know, and it was just, in Hispanics, it was just so beautiful, this kind of on the mall, all kinds of Americans, very relaxed, very sort of enjoying the music, being together. And it was really, really nice. It was like, for me, it was like a vision of the possibility of America, you know, where no one was trying to be hierarchical towards anybody else or something, you know. It was really, you know, quite, you know, that's the kind of hopeful scene. Unfortunately, you know, we're having a lot of people playing old tropes. I like to say there's nothing new under the sun, right? We're just regenerating another generation. I mean, when you saw that these 31 guys were arrested in Kirtland, Idaho, right?    I mean, somebody asked me, how is this possible? I said, man, you got to ask their parents, you got to ask their parents. Exactly. Exactly.  But this is where we've, you know, this is what we live with it. But anyway, I always remain optimistic, because I know a lot of nice people, you know, all kinds of nice people, you know, and their moments of when you see the gleam of the promise, you know, and that always moves me. I'm with you. I remain, I still remain optimistic as well. And I think there are all those kinds of, well, we don't see them necessarily in the media, but I think those things, those kinds of events are occurring in our communities. People are coming together and sharing things and sharing, like Louise mentioned, sharing the stories and understanding each other. I think it's happening. We don't always see it, but it's happening. And I am like, you encouraged by that. I think we're going to, I think we're going to be okay. And maybe one of the things that reprioritizing and emphasizing Juneteenth can help us learn is that in a country in which the Emancipation Proclamation was delayed for two and a half years for a huge portion of this country's population to even find out about it and find out that slavery was no longer allowed and freedom was decreed as a matter of law, that we still have that kind of progress to make in our learning and our understanding that HB 40 takes into account the study, the evaluation, and recommendations for reparations, California's undertaking. And maybe one of the things that this discussion helps us understand is reparations can take many forms, education, healthcare, support for learning and living and employment opportunities. So maybe what Juneteenth reminds us is the things about which we need to come together to learn and to find ways to improve our understanding and our action. Here here, here here. Last thought. Yes. Tina, Louise, Ben, Sandra. I'll say Chuck. If there's some hope for the Hawaiians out there, there's a video, actually for everybody really, of an interview with Senator Inui before he passed. Oh yeah. He talks about his entire life. Yes. I tell you that is such a moving story that he talks about. About the whole time, you know, the World War II times and things that he had to deal with.  And I was like, well, I don't know about that one. You know, that was another angle on sort of these interactions and intersections. But the actual stories he told in that video are just amazing. I mean, you know, everyone can just hear him talk about what he saw live through, you know. I'm going to look that up. I've heard some of what he's endured, as there were quite a few folks that are still living. Well, that is many from, you know, from that era who have some, you know, incredible stories to share about that experience. So yeah. I'll look it up. Yeah. Well, thank you all for this thoughtful exchange of ideas, of insights, and of reminding us that we do need to designate times and always to pay attention to what we can learn together, what actions we can take to support each other, and things that need to be made better for people who have been mistreated in so many ways for so long, and not to tolerate that kind of mistreatment and mistruth anymore. Thank you all. Ben, Sandra, Tina, Louise, you join us in two weeks. Thank you. We all will be back. We'll be here. Thank you. All right. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please like us and click the subscribe button on YouTube and the follow button on Vimeo. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn, and donate to us at thinktechhawaii.com. Mahalo.


You're watching live coverage of the 2020 Night Media Forum where journalism, technology, philanthropy, and community activism meet in Miami to explore ways to strengthen local news coverage and our nation's democracy. I have the pleasure of welcome to the broadcast our friend and colleague, Judy Woodruff. Judy is the anchor and managing editor of PBS NewsHour and this morning you were here for a couple of things. I think you probably flew in late last night. Actually early this morning. Early this morning. Really early. That's just how Judy Woodruff rolls. So what did you find interesting? There was one more panel before the one that you did. We could talk about that too. Well, I just got here and I got in just a few minutes before our panel began. But for me, it was the chance to talk to two people who are deeply engaged in the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, namely the White House, efforts to get their message across, to talk about the issues that matter to them, and how that works through all forms of media, but in particular, social media. And that led to, as you probably heard, a conversation about whether social media and democracy can coexist is my shorthand. Because everybody knows there's so many questions now about information, disinformation, lack of facts, lack of fact checking, and manipulation, frankly, of media. Especially we're in the middle right now of a presidential campaign and we're looking at candidates doing things with social media we've never seen before. We thought we'd seen it all in 2016 and 2018, but here we are. But it was a good discussion. It was Teddy Goff, who ran Obama's digital campaign, and Erie Renate, who runs the White House digital strategy. Were you surprised with any of the things that they were talking about? Well, I guess what surprised me, and maybe it shouldn't have, Hari, is that they both agree that there's no clear solution right now for what to do in terms of exerting some kind of responsibility, accountability, on the part of the big social media, the big digital giants in our country, the tech giants, Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and so on. But these are now companies, places that have taken on this outsized giant role in the sharing of information and in. Shaping of reality. Shaping of reality in our political campaigns, in our lives, we know that. We're sharing personal information. But when it comes to talking about our system of government, electing a new president, and one candidate or another or one campaign or another has the ability to, in the views of some, to manipulate, to buy. I mean, right now, I think the Bloomberg campaign has spent 400 million and growing on media overall. And a huge chunk of that has gone into social media and memes and the use of Twitter and extra new accounts. And it's all we can do as journalists to try to understand it, much less to report on it. You've covered several presidential cycles. It's a pretty common place for campaigns to represent their team as the righteous path forward. The other guy, and it's usually been guys. The other guy doesn't have the right solutions. How have you seen that evolve? Because it seemed like we had a couple of elections ago, it was the campaign of emails. And then it was the campaign of Facebook. And then it was Twitter and so forth. But how do those very simple ideas of making sure that your team gets the most votes get impacted by these technologies now? I think impacted enormously. I mean, I started out so long ago, Hori. It was long before you existed. I covered the Jimmy Carter campaign in 1976 when there were three television broadcast networks. There was radio. There were newspapers. And of course, we still have television. We still have radio and newspapers. But what swallowed up the rest of everything else is social media, is Twitter. These campaigns, they have to be getting their messages out now on Facebook, on Twitter. And it's how they do it and how much money they spend and how they multiply the message and how do they combine that with what they call what we call earned media, unearned media, talking to journalists like me to reporters and then paid media. And it's a transformed election landscape. I think it's much harder for me. I know it's much harder for me as a reporter to keep up with it, to understand. The campaigns don't like to tell you where they're advertising. You've got to go around and talk to media outlets and companies that follow these things in all 50 states to find out who's advertising where. And what are they saying in that ad? And is the ad they're running in South Carolina different from the ad they're running in California, which votes three days later? And to subcategories, right? If I just want to advertise to women in California, a totally different message. Or to the Latina community. Or to even the Asian community. I mean, the possibilities for micro-targeting are enormous. You're going to see much more of it in the general election once we know who the Democratic nominee for president is. And that person is facing President Trump the opportunity to literally target small groups of women between the ages of 30 and 35 who earn between $50,000 and $60,000 a year. Or people who are a fan of the Duke Blue Devils, perhaps. Exactly, mentioning my alma mater. You were in New Hampshire. You got a chance to get out. And did you see any of this stuff playing out? Meaning that the sort of accelerated or compressed timeline of how some event that you were witnessing in person, how that was being interpreted, misinterpreted, or reinterpreted on social media, how it started to show up on your cable networks while you're out there standing saying, how did that thing that I just saw turn into the other southern thing? I think it's hard to see that maybe surprisingly when you're in the middle of it, when you're going from. I was trying to see as many candidate events as I could. And I was watching not just the candidate and the voters. I was watching how reporters were covering these events and watching how much of it was Twitter and how much of it. I mean, everybody may be tweeting in the moment, but they're also filing for whatever their next deadline is. And you have to be thinking. Somebody's sitting at home in, I don't know, Los Angeles or San Francisco on the other coast. And they're watching this rally. I mean, I was tweeting when I went to Pete Buttigieg's rally late on the night before the voting, the Tuesday of voting. And surprise, this young man who's there to introduce Pete Buttigieg, who happens to be transgender. And he's saying, you know, Pete Buttigieg. He said, and now it's my great honor to introduce Kevin Costner, who's going to then introduce the candidate. So we're all the, we and the press are going, what? And so these candidates have to constantly come up with ways to keep our interest as voters and keep our interest as journalists. It's been a pretty active debate cycle. You've been watching them, I'm sure, at night. I know you've been tweeting about some of them. We moderated the NewsHour, moderated the debate in December. And how different is this cycle now? I mean, we had a field of a huge number of candidates that were taking on President Trump before he became the nominee. How different is it this time on the left? I've never seen anything like it. I mean, here we are, February the 26th, if my calendar is functioning, with this many still viable candidates in the race coming up to South Carolina this weekend. Who knows who's going to emerge from South Carolina, who's going to emerge from Super Tuesday? As you know, 14 states are voting. And so we may see some of these seven candidates who were on the stage last night in South Carolina may not make it. But it's hard for voters when there are this many candidates at this point, because they're looking at them. And I hear voters were saying to me, well, so-and-so makes a lot of sense. And then so-and-so, I spoke to a family member of mine last night. He said, you know, I'd like to take something from each one of these six or seven. And I said, well, you can't really do that. You're going to have to pick which one you like. All right, Judy Wooder, thanks so much for joining us. It's great to see you, Hari.