Family Theater presents James Gleason, Vanessa Brown, and Dan O'Hurley he From Hollywood the mutual broadcasting system in cooperation with Family Theater Brings you Vanessa Brown and Dan O'Hurley he in heaven is like that and now to introduce the drama. Here is your host James Gleason Thank you, Tony Lafano Just a word first about Family Theater's purpose Family Theater seeks to promote in this world of ours the growth of family prayer Believing that by all prayer, but especially by prayer in family groups That we can form our wills to the most powerful force in time in eternity the wondrous will of God and Now to our drama heaven is like that starring Vanessa Brown and Dan O'Hurley The scene is London That is flat on the smart West End as big Christopher Lane is giving a party as they always do Christopher's guests are enjoying themselves immensely That's for Christopher himself Chris. Yes, Mara. Let's get married married. Yes, you remember people keep doing it Why not you and I Mara darling? Are you feeling well? Why most certainly am Chris we like each other. I'm 32 and going nowhere. You're 35 and going in the same direction Why shouldn't we try going together Mara the suggestion is most flattering, but I suppose we think it over Chris You're wonderful. You're the most self-contained man. I know Yet the truth is you're still really a romanticist am I really I think so Mr. Lane sir. Yes, Wilson. I beg your pardon sir, but it's dr. Rogers Rogers ask him in I took the liberty sir But he says he must speak to you privately. I can't do that. I have guests. He said it is most important, sir Oh, well, excuse me all of you Rogers old man. Hello Chris. I've been trying to see you for days I thought you were going to ring me up the morning after I examined you. Well, I'm sorry doctor There was no rush about it. I only bought the insurance in the first place because Freddy Tillman needs the business You know he and I miss Chris. I'm serious. I've got to talk to you. All right. What's the trouble? Chris in many ways the medical profession has made great strides. You might even say that we've accomplished miracles In others. Yes, we failed Well, that's fire. That is There are certain diseases that we've been unable to conquer and one of them is a very rare blood condition called leukemia Yes, I've heard of it. Well, then you've undoubtedly heard to that at least certain cases are incurable. Yes, I think I knew that I read Wait a moment Not trying to say that but I I it's just what I am trying to say old man. I Don't believe it. I am as well as you are. Yes, I'd have said so too, but it so happens the blood tests don't lie I'm sorry Chris. Believe me leukemia And there's there's nothing to be done. Naturally, we'll try treatment, but how long I want the truth No a year at most possibly even less a Year at most a drink dr. Rogers. No, no, Chris. No, and you shouldn't either in your condition alcohol is most dangerous It might even hasten. Oh, why not here? I give you a toast Chris a lot of season But still fitting very fitting dr. Rogers. I give you a happy new year I said another double Thank you Just down some like a leaders. Yeah money, but wait, so you change How do you like that? I like see day me. I like see now. What are you up to Davey? Nothing at all. I mean nothing at all. But did you see that wallet on him Jerry Jerry let come on with me Still still not clear You say you found me in the street about two hours ago There was no one else to help you and I couldn't leave you just lying there So I brought you where I live. How'd you get me here? You came to enough to walk with me helping you Who are you? My name's Eileen sir What sort of work do you do? Oh? I'm in service. I was downstairs made to mrs. Gamma for two years until she died last autumn That's where I got this Silver teapot Lovely Eileen Mrs. Gamma gave it to you Evans. No, not her. I left it on the fire one day and one leg melted off See, it's just taped on now. She was frightfully angry took full payment for my wages So now it's it's my personal private treasure in a way It's all I've got that is I should say it was a treasure beautiful one Eileen Of course, I'll first have to have it mended for him to make his tea.  Oh, not yet, but when I get one I will of course some day Do I look like a girl who wouldn't get a husband? Oh, no, no, not at all I'm sure you'd get the very best of possible husbands and No, I think you go in yes I believe I can manage now and you've been more than kind. I'd like to show my appreciation by leaving What is it a Minor matter young lady, but I'll trouble you for my wallet. I Don't know what you're talking about. Oh come now. I won't be unreasonable. I'll pay you for your time And we'll we'll say no more about it, huh? Who's talking about pay? You were in trouble, and I helped you and incidentally helped yourself. There were 50 pounds in my wallet when I left home last night 50 pounds That's what they were doing who? When I was coming up to you, I saw some men beside you, but they disappeared into the fog and my money with them, huh? Oh, I'm sorry Believe me. I am Perhaps if I come sooner What's funny? It's absurd, but I believe you there's every reason of the world for me to think you're lying, but Well, I know somehow that you're not Then you know what's true. I Never lie Eileen Will you answer me one question? I'll try What would you do if you had only one year to live I? Pray and after that. Oh, I don't know. I never thought Oh, I guess I'd try to decide just who to give the teapot to that's really all you think about But what about yourself? What about filling those last months with with all the pleasure you could find good Evans? You don't know much do you? Oh, don't I you ever find in any happiness by going looking for it But one could find it in giving things away, of course It's taken things from others that's art, but given things that's easy. He said Eileen suppose you had well, let's say a thousand pounds to give away instead of a silver teapot You might as well say twenty thousand. All right. I will say twenty thousand See I Do have just a year to live. Oh It's not true. I just found out myself tonight, but are you sure might be a mistake? Oh, it's true enough and because it's true Well, I'm interested in what you say now suppose I were to spend my last year the way you'd spend it in my place Do you think that you could? Help me help you you mean help you to give money away just that Are you sure you're sober now? Yes quite sober when you ain't crazy. It's hard to tell these days, and I'm not crazy Why would you be doing it? I'm not quite sure I mean Maybe it's because my year is suddenly Well, very precious to me. I prefer to have it filled with happiness I've already tried other recipes for that. They never worked. Perhaps yours will. Oh, I'm sure it will well then If you're positive you mean it I'll take your offer And I I suppose I should say thank you sir. No Eileen if anyone should say thank you tonight Have an idea. I'm the one Well, here's the first installment Go on take it Eileen a thousand pounds Actually a thousand quid in my own hands. I suppose you already figured out how to dispose of it. Oh, yes I have it's four hundred to mrs. Davis Three hundred from me Leo Never mind the details. I'm leaving that to you. Well, I'll bring receipts. It should be done by four o'clock good Then I'll meet you at my flat. Oh But I couldn't do that. No Wouldn't hardly be proper, sir Well at your place then, huh? That's not much better. I see Well, what can you suggest considering all the proprieties? I mean, there's always a public park I'd park for instance near Marble Arch. All right. I'd park near Marble Arch. It is at four o'clock. Very good, sir. And look My name is Christopher Christopher Lane. Yes, mr. Lane Christopher. Yes, mr. Christopher. You win. Goodbye Eileen till four o'clock Yes, would you be mr. Christopher Lane sir? Yes, I'm Christopher. Well a girl tell me to give you this. Thank you. Oh I say sir. Have I been fetching all that money without even knowing it? Yes, a thousand pounds Listen son, where was the girl when she gave this to you? The mrs. Varni's rooming house in Burberry Street She was near to crying sir. Yeah, you take this for trouble. Oh, I say a pound note. Thank you, sir. Taxi, taxi But you shouldn't have come mr. Christopher. I sent you back the money Yes, and I think I know why your friends wouldn't take the money you were so anxious to give them, huh? How did you know? Mr. Christopher, I don't understand Mrs. Davis was all of a sudden angry when I offered it. She said whatever gave me the idea. She would take charity Milio's father said I must have stolen the money Oh, can you laugh? I've ruined everything. Well, we've just overlooked one thing the pride of the very poor It's infinitely stronger than the pride of the very rich But even that is hardly an insurmountable barrier to our plan What can we do if people won't take help when it's offered them? Well, perhaps we can masquerade it a little. We can make it look like Providence, and there's no one so poor It still doesn't believe in Providence. How do you mean? Well now, suppose you leave that part of it to me. Very well, mr.  Oh, no, sir. It wouldn't hardly be proper with my being in service I knew a gentleman Arlene, do you know that you're an anachronism? Oh, I hope not sir Is it something one gets over in your case? I doubt it very much But you will go through with our bargain now. I don't think I could stand it stand what? Well, you know how it is when you're round someone you like a good deal even just working with them Sometimes get attached to him in a respectful sort of way. I mean and you're afraid you'd get attached to me I couldn't help it And then to see you die after day just waitin No one in my heart. That's some day. You're I just couldn't you mean it's my dying. You're afraid of not just dying but after If we just knew what was beyond it might be different, but I do know and because I know I'm not afraid. You really know Tell me what it's like like Arlene when in all your life were you the happiest in all my life. Oh I guess it was the spring mrs. Gamma took a country house in Devonshire. It was yes I know Devonshire. Oh, do you know then you must know what I mean the soft green rolling ills and the valleys in between with prim roses in daffodils in bloom and the house Almost like it was painted against the sky Well, I lean it's Very much like that. You mean after yes You see most people never realize that well that heaven is really our greatest hopes come true complete happiness So surely that's no place for either of us to be afraid of is it it would seem foolish Of course it would and now let's get to work. All right. Here's the list of people I made out We'll take them one at a time now. First of all this mrs. Davis Mrs. Davis, I'm here to represent the firm of Lane more Graven Swithin It appears that a certain sum of money has been bequeathed to you. The sum is 397 pounds nine sheddings and six ms. Heypney now if you'll please sign this receipt for our files And I want this boy Melio to have a very best of teachers her shirt now for a consideration of well Let's say 500 pounds. Could you inform Melio's father that you decided to make the boy you'll produce it? But the law firm I represent feels your shop is worth 4,000 pounds mr. Umkins, and it's only right that a man of your year should retire and comfort Yes, I know it's all furniture mrs. Higgins, but I'm interested in purchasing antiques and if you'll accept payment now Before I finished mrs. Higgins had convinced us that every kitchen chair was a priceless collector's item mr. Christopher You found the strangest ways to get rid of money. What's our total now? Do you have the figure? I was just checking them by your bequests purchases and miscellaneous means We've given out a total of 15,465 pounds not bad for eight months work. Is it not bad at all? That's nearly two thousand a month just as we planned it. I know Yeah, yeah, why are you so depressed today and how many times have I told you to buy a new dress? But I have sir each time you told me and then each new one must look just like the old one each new one It's just like the old one, but that's absurd now. What about your hair? You've never fixed it, right? Oh, I couldn't fluff it any more than this sir come here. I lean Yes, mr. Christopher, and you realize that the Lord made you beautiful because he wanted you that way did he sir? Now tomorrow I want your hair done properly.  That's an order I'll try and you'll also try to walk properly. I know hand me that book this one. Yes now Hold it there on top of your head like this.  Christopher that I saw that in the cinema too in the cinema. Yes, pigmalion If you have the idea of making a lady out of me you're wasting time Eileen Listen to me For months now. I've wanted to tell you something mr. Christopher. We have work to do And we better get back to it All right, Eileen You know, you're either a very wise girl a foolish one. I wish I was sure myself Hello, dr. Rogers. Hello gris doctor. What do you know of dr. Anton marks marks? Oh, yes, I've met him He's just come here from Vienna. Yes There was a report on the paper this morning that he has a cure for leukemia an operation. Yes, I know about that Chris You know mm-hmm. I decided not to tell you why Remarks has a theory and nothing more The operation he proposes has never been performed Of course any patient submitting to it would be serving science I suppose even if only by approving the theory false it might well be a tremendous benefit to humanity but as To the patients surviving the operation What chance would he have? 1 in 500 and in my case without the operation. How long have I? Well, I can't be positive You've altered things considerably by the life you're living now If you'd gone on as you were you wouldn't be on your feet today You may have another six months Chris Well, I'll take my six months and dr. Marks can find someone else for his experiment Good evening. Well, you did wear another dress. You said I had to what's happening. You said you had special plans this evening Eileen come here Look I didn't party But there's only two places for us Have you forgotten what night this is what night an anniversary? It was a year ago tonight that you discovered me on Burberry Street But I thought I so did I but I saw dr. Rogers again today and for my good behavior. It seems I get time on Oh, I'm glad so my There's another reason for tonight. I wanted to give you this. What is it a deed Eileen? A deed to a farm in Devonshire green rolling hills with flowers in the valley and just one house that looks painted against the sky You didn't why should I give it to everyone else? But not to the one person who taught me the real joy of giving. Oh, mr Christopher Eileen Will you go there with me? Whatever time is left. I want to ask it. I can't You mustn't ask me. I want you to marry me Eileen and who am I to marry you? You're the girl I love The girl who loves me. I'm going away our work's done our agreements ended so I I'll just say goodbye mr. Christopher Eileen Eileen. You can't have understood. I love you Please let me go and forgive me if I can't stay for the party, but I couldn't There are times when all things have to end once and for all Why did you have to put it into words wait at least let me send you home in a taxi.  I just will start right now. I'll take the underground Big pardon sir, but wouldn't you like more light in here?  I'm sorry May I go in now certainly Mr. Christopher Now I really have spoiled the anniversary event I Eileen Yes, surely it doesn't matter now matter the gentleman in the serving girl that couldn't make a difference at a time like this I don't suppose it could I do love you Eileen so much And I I love you Chris. There must be a clergyman in the hospital All right. I'd be happy to marry you Chris God hath joined together. Let no man put a sander Eileen about the teapot. You'd better give it to some girl who's not married I will and have it mended So she can make tea for a man when she finds him. I'll have it mended Christopher yes, would you tell me once again? Tell you what it's like after Evan is really our greatest hopes come true complete happiness Yes, yes and more Because I hath not seen nor ear heard Nor has it entered into the heart of man What things God has prepared for those who love him and there's there's nothing to be afraid of because Eileen Eileen Chris. It's still not too late for you to change your mind. I'm not going to Rogers Oh, don't do it. I beg of you forget that you ever heard of this operation You're sure that my doing this can be of benefit to science whatever the outcome There's no doubt of that but even so and I'm ready and nothing you can say will change my mind Hey, well, we'll take him into surgery in us Rogers. Yes, please don't look so worried old man Well, I told you before what the chances are Chris at best One in five hundred. Well, you can even into one in a thousand Fear at a time like this is but it's only for those who are in doubt of what lies beyond You see I have no doubt Rogers And I'm more than ready for whatever comes This is Jim Gleason again and a little story to tack on to our drama Not too many years ago. We were on location making him a picture that required a few sequences to be photographed at sea During the course of events. We had the good fortune to visit one of those lonely lighthouses You'll find it various spots along our coasts. You can picture the kind I mean Well, anyway, this one was like a great white finger set off from the mainland and purchased on one Well, I would guess was a rock show The boat that brought us alongside brought newspapers and provisions Lighthousekeeper was of course grateful for these but what really pleased him most was just our little visit We didn't have much to say nothing startling or original anymore, but what delighted him was that we were there saying it I've traveled a lot since then But my mind keeps going back to that lighthouse and I think I can find in the incident a parallel to be related to prayer Our prayers are little visits to the great celestial lighthouse keeper who makes his perpetual light to shine down upon us Doesn't matter much what we say It's the fact that we are there saying it remembering him for remembering us Family theater again reminds you the family that stays together Praise together stays together More things are wrought by prayer in this world dreams of You Vanessa Brown and Daniel Hurley he in heaven is like that James Gleason was your host others in our cast were Ben right Norma field Martha Shaw Monica Neely Tutor Owen and Shelley Berman the script was written by true boardman with music composed and conducted by Harry Zimmerman and Was directed for family theater by Joseph F. Mansfield This series of family theater broadcast is made possible by the thousands of you who feel the need for this type of program By the mutual network which responds to this need and by the hundreds of stars of stage screen and radio We'll give so unselfishly of their time and talent to appear on our family theater stage to them and to you our humble Thanks, this is Tony Lafranco expressing the wish of family theater with the blessing of God Maybe upon you and your home and inviting you to join us next week at the same time when family theater will present Marta Torn and Arthur Shields in the right approach join us won't you? It's in the Hollywood studios of the world's largest network the mutual broadcasting system


Hello, and welcome to another one of our programs in our series called Caring Conversation sponsored by the Amherst Senior Center. My name is Mary Beth Ogilovitz. I'm the Director of Senior Services and have with me today Attorney Anita Saro as my guest. The topic today is about organ and tissue donation. And this specific topic in this series is really prompted by inquiries we had from residents who were really interested in starting to pay more attention to planning for end of life and also medical care planning. And part of the questions and the motivation for this program in particular is to help to empower people to take responsibility for their medical care and their end of life planning and also to support you in your own patient autonomy. So there are a series of decisions that many of us will have to make as we look at and face end of life. And as I'd like to say is that aging and dying is also living. And so how can we support you? And that really is with knowledge. So when you know the processes, when you understand what's involved in organ donation or tissue donation, that helps to empower you and also to bring some equity to those processes. So I'm really pleased to have Anita with me. Anita helped to record another conversation in this series. We did one on healthcare proxies, most orders and living wills. So if you haven't watched that, make sure that you watch that because there's some fabulous information. And this was really a topic that arose out of that conversation. As Anita and I were planning this series and looking at conversations that would be helpful to empower you. So welcome, Anita. And I hope if you could just begin by sharing your background because it is so impressive and professionally. And then sort of segue over to why this topic in particular is important. Sure, sure. Well, you know, my professional life has been something of a winding road. Those of you who had listened to our previous topics on healthcare proxy know that, you know, I've had a lifelong involvement with healthcare. I've worked as a lab technologist, a nurse. And then going into law in the healthcare field, I've always been in and around and of the healthcare system professionally. And personal experiences too, have informed a lot of the focus of my work prior to retirement and my post retirement advocacy. This topic in particular came out of a series of experiences that continue. My adult son was born with congenital defects that required a lot of surgery. And over the years, when he was 15, had some surgery that fast forward another 15 years, we discovered it was, he had that surgery at a time when there was no testing for hepatitis C. And unfortunately, apparently contracted hepatitis C at the time, which over a long period of time continued to affect his liver. So we learned as a family about living donors and about waiting and waiting for the right donor to come along. So this has really shaped my focus on how important this topic is, not just for people who might benefit directly by a donation, but believe me, it affects families as well and the people who love both the donor and the recipient side. So the topic of organ and tissue donation is a complex one. We can spend hours talking about a lot of the nuances that go into organ donation and the lesser known tissue donation. But for the purposes of this presentation, we'd like to focus on end-of-life decisions around donations. It's really, and my way of thinking is an extension of what we were talking about the last time, just as you should have a healthcare proxy to determine the right decision maker just as you can have a living will or a writing that will express your wishes for yourself. This is another part of that end-of-life decision making because this can benefit not only you and express your wishes for you, but it can extend your ability to give at the end of life. So if we can go to that first slide and then we'll get into this and see where we go. So the title is really important to me for two reasons. One, we're very familiar, I think, about the concept of organ donation, but much lesser known and much as equally as important are donating tissue and we can talk about what that means, what is tissue and how is it used. But what's really important and what is part of my mantra when I talk about these things with friends or family, we're never too old. As we go through this information, you'll see there is no age barrier for any of this and no matter how old or what condition we feel our health is in, we can always be of use. So if there's any message that you take away from this, there is not a condition, including age, that would preclude any of us from donating organs and tissues at the point of our death. So we'll go to the next one, I think. Yeah, and thank you for that framing of the conversation because I think that many people that I speak to here at the senior center believe if they reach a certain age, their organs may not be functioning as well and there's no utility to that. So that's a wonderful framework to just begin that conversation. And so pay attention because you may be able to help. Absolutely, we can all help in one way or another. So again, organ donation, this is the one we're a little bit more familiar with and obviously the need is great. It's not just great, it's overwhelming. There are right now over 120,000 people on the list nationwide, over 5,000 right here in New England. One person on average is added every 12 minutes on average die every day waiting for an organ to read that statistic over and over again and it really has to do with the lack of supply. So what do we mean when we say an organ, a solid organ? You'll hear a medical community talk about solid organ donations and that can be all of the things that I've listed. Lungs can be used for lung transplant for people who have had cystic fibrosis or chronic emphysema or the point where their lungs just simply can't, no longer working. The pancreas is interesting, it's a dual organ, it is where insulin is made and a pancreatic transplant can be life-saving for some diabetics. Kidneys are the most frequently transplanted organ and most commonly from chronic high blood pressure, from diabetes, from polycystic disease and in fact half of the kidneys that are transplanted are from living donors and I wish we could get into the details of that because it's important too but we'll leave that for another time. Intestines interestingly are considered a solid organ and they are extremely important. Some infants are born with what's called short gut syndrome or any child or adult can have a twisting of the intestines so that that piece of intestines just dies and they'll need a piece replaced. And of course, what I know the best, liver. Once when I was training for my first job in the laboratory, my mentor said, if you're ever on an examination and somebody asked you, where is something in the body made, broken down, processed, anything and you answer liver, you're 95% sure of being right. So if the liver had to be replaced by a factory, it would be huge. So it's a really critical organ, all of them are but it's a fascinating one and it will be very life saving not just for people who have had cirrhosis of the liver for, from hepatitis but also birth defects. They can transplant a portion of the liver into an infant who is born with a birth defect and that would be useful. And over 28,000 lives can be saved in a single year but many people do not get saved because of the lack of supply. I think we can go to the next one and tissue donation. You'll hear me say over and over again, this is every bit as important. It's amazing to me, the more I learn about it, the bits and pieces of us that are so not just helpful, not just life sustaining, life enhancing, but they really can sustain life. Corneas can be used to give sight. Muscles and ligaments can repair after a traumatic or a sports injury. Veins can be used. There's a very long vein in the leg, the staphonous vein that is used frequently in bypass surgery to create access graphs for people who are on dialysis. It's just phenomenal. Skin can be used in mastectomy reconstruction, burns and burned wound repair, cleft palate repair. There are so many things that they're useful. Bone is used for facial reconstruction, cancer treatment, birth defects. Over a million people every year receive this donated tissue. It's like I said, our bits and pieces can do so much good at a time when we won't need it anymore. But there are a lot of people who do need it and really keep this in mind as we go through. The last one I forgot, almost forgot, which is the most compelling. Even if they're on evaluation, a heart is not useful in and of itself, but the valves are. Those valves that are in, they control the four chambers of the heart and the flow of blood in and out. Those heart valves alone, from one heart, three children with birth defects of their heart can receive life-giving treatment. One, they can parcel out those valves and say three baby's lives from just one. So think about that. I really hope you keep this in mind that it's not just about organs, it's about the tissue too. Yeah, I have to say that tissue donation is totally brand new to me. I had never even heard of tissue donation, so I'm quite familiar with organ donation just with my driver's license, but I've heard about this. So I think that that's a really interesting take on it and really speaks to particularly older adults who might be considering their physical status, that there are many pieces that could be life-sustaining and as you say, life-enhancing. So I think that's fascinating. And can I ask the organ donation, does organ donation encompass tissue donation or is there a separate process for tissue donation? It should be on the same registry and we can certainly talk about that as, yes, definitely, but that's a good question. Just as an aside, if you've ever given blood, you have been a living donor of tissue. In fact, a mentor of mine once said, you know, you have to treat a blood transfusion as if it were a transplant because that is what it is. So if any of us who have given blood, we have been a donor, we have been a tissue donor, this is a way of extending that kind of gift at the end of our life. So next one, again, age is not a barrier. Please, please remember this, age is not a barrier. The oldest donor of a solid organ was a 93-year-old man.  And his liver went to a 61-year-old woman. So age is not the deciding factor. At the time of donation, decisions are based on a lot of factors. And age may be one of them, but it's part of a long series of factors. What is the condition of this patient at the time of death? What are the circumstances that surrounded that death? Even having like an infection like COVID or having a history of cancer does not automatically bar you from being an organ and or tissue donor. So there is no absolute barrier to this and no reason not to assume that just because of your age, just because of your current or possible future condition that you are going to be without use to anyone else. It's simply not true. Age is not a barrier. Physical condition is not a barrier. There are so many reasons to do this and no reason not to. And especially remembering the importance of tissue donation, even if our solid organs don't work anymore the way we want them to.  And probably others. Sure, I'm sure there were other things in that donation. Excuse me. So how does this happen? What's the structure that's built around this? And this is really interesting for me to learn and a couple of other steps. First, our entire country is split up into 11 regions. And they're pretty much divided by state. Within those 11 regions, there are 58 organizations called organ procurement organizations. And you'll see OPO if you look at any of the literature you'll occasionally see OPO. So those are the organ procurement organizations. They're the ones who actually do the work on the ground. New England is region one except for this little sliver of Vermont. And I have Eastern. I stand corrected. It's Western Vermont. Western Vermont, don't worry about that. My orientation on the compass was off that day. So it's sliced off and connected to New York, to another region. But for the most part, New England is region one. And within region one of these 58 OPO's, there are two that operate in New England and they work in conjunction. There's the Life Choice Donor Services and the New England Donor Bank. And again, they're the ones that do the work on the ground that we'll get into in a little bit. So those two OPO's are the functioning units. And then there's another group called Donate Life. They're all over the country. You'll see Donate Life Florida and Donate Life California. Ours is Donate Life New England. And it encompasses Massachusetts. And they're the part of this structure that provides a lot of education and encouragement, fundraising to get the word out. And I'll have a link for Donate Life New England because they have some good resources on their website. Any questions about that? Yeah, well, if someone had concerns about donating an organ or a tissue and there can be cultural issues, there might be religious issues. So there could be a number of concerns in even medical questions. Would Donate Life New England and their website be a good place of resource to try to get some more information if someone wanted to explore this topic more with their own values and culture? Definitely, definitely. They're a very active organization. I think their closest office is right over the border in Connecticut. They do a lot of outreach. They have a lot of information available. You can pick up the phone and talk to them with your questions. They are an excellent resource. That's their job. Their job is public awareness. And they do it well. So I do point people in that direction. I've used the website and the information myself. I've incorporated some of it into this presentation. So it's good one stop shopping to try to learn more, definitely. Yeah, so we can go to the next one. My screen sharing has stopped as the shared window is closed. Hold on a second. I lost, it's like I lost. And a little technical difficulty. I'll just keep talking until it comes back. I think, you know, we don't, you know, the PowerPoints are nice, but it's really the conversation that matters. Yeah. As long as my computer keeps going and doesn't freeze me up or bump me out, we'll just keep going forward. And certainly you can make the PowerPoint available at some point if anyone wants to see the slide. So what happens at this time of donation? A big concern that I hear over and over again, and it's legitimate. How is my medical care going to be affected at the end of my life? Is the fact that I am a potential donor going to change the way I'm treated? Will my death be hastened? Well, there's some fear around there and the concern is worth raising. And the answer is no, your medical care is not going to be affected. That's not the way the system works. This is not the way it's intended to work. This is steeped in the law and ethics, more importantly, the ethics of medical care. And please take this to heart. Your medical care will not be affected. Whatever wishes you have, your health care agent can express, that's going to happen. And people will respect that and encourage it. We're back. There we go. You just had to give me a little time here. Yeah. So, the first thing that happens and in the hospital setting, and a lot of this happens in a hospital setting, that there's a requirement to contact the OPO, or in our case, the New England Donor Bank, is notified where it appears that death is imminent and that this is a potential donation situation. What the OPO does at that point is to look on the registry, is this person registered and do an initial determination of suitability. Finds out a little bit more about the medical condition, a little bit more about what's going on around this patient. Then there might, there would be, and this could happen in a couple of sequences, but the next of Kent is notified. And if there's a registration already in place, they're told, you know, your loved one is here. We know that she has been registered. We would like to talk to you about what the process is. Or if it is a person who hadn't been registered, they'll contact the next of Kent, hopefully a healthcare agent, and say, this is the situation. Have you considered consenting to organ and tissue donation? That process is not a quick one. It's a thoughtful one. It's a supportive one, right from the beginning because the sensitivity around the experience of the family is really acute, and these people know what they're doing and they know how to do it. So a representative will come out to the hospital, do a further evaluation, and continue to counsel the family, whether or not they have to make this decision, even if the decision has already been made by the existence of registration. They are still counseled and counseled beautifully, I can tell you from personal experience. So then things start to happen. They match up the donor with recipients on the waiting list, and they know a lot about the recipients, and I'll tell you why, and they know a lot about the donor. And things move pretty quickly. The removal takes place. It's transferred to the recipient, usually in the same region, and the OPO staff remains with that family throughout this process until the funeral director is notified and until the remains are taken away. These people who do this work are amazing, and I can't stress enough how respectful they are and how aware they are of the emotional component for both the donor family and the recipient family, but in my mind, especially for the donor family, because it is a tremendous loss upon loss that they're feeling at that moment, particularly around those tragic situations where it's a sudden death, a traumatic death of a young person, they're just extraordinary. There's a lot we could go into on this. Some of it is medical, and I really don't feel equipped to do that, and that's why we're really just talking about that narrow portion of donation that really, to try to give you the kind of information that you need to start the thinking about whether to be an organ and tissue donation donor, and to look into it further for yourself. As I said more than once, there's so much to this topic that we unfortunately can't cover, and we could with the right people. Well, I think that this is really helpful though, Anita, because again, with regard to organ donation, I've thought about the topic, but I have never given consideration to the actual process, and also really too, as you've addressed, the complex mix of emotions that are involved in that process, because you have the passing of life, you have grief and trauma, you've referenced, and also this other opportunity of donation, and what does that mean? So it is I think probably one of the most complex mixes of emotions for the family, and I think even knowing that that process and the support of services are provided for that conversation to determine how you're experiencing that is useful in terms of contemplating it, so yeah. Good. Okay. Next slide. Yeah. Sometimes there's a curiosity about what is happening at the other end. Who are these people who are in line for organ transplants? Who are these people who are going to make use of my gift? And this is where I have to share about personal experience with my son. The screening is, I knew intellectually it was exhaustive. I saw it in a very personal way, how exhaustive it is. It's not just the physical aspects of it, the medical history, the prognosis, the severity of the individual. What happens is there is this rigorous interview process. The medical team has interviews, not just the personal, my son, but also his wife and his daughter, who was eight at the time. I was visiting one time and my son said to me, Mom, I might be helpful if I have an appointment with the social worker, another appointment with the social worker, why don't you come? And he interviewed me because what they were interested in was what is the support system that surrounds this potential recipient? He and his wife met with financial counselors, with psychologists, with nutrition experts. It was constant and it was in depth that was impressive. And while his condition worsened, there were continuous tabs on it, continued evaluation of the support system, of his ability to comply with a very difficult regimen, medical regimen. There was genetic matching and then there was the waiting and the waiting and the waiting. And as I said earlier, so many people don't get the opportunity for these gifts and he was almost one of them. It was really the night that we said, this is it. This is it, it was beginning of December and we said he's not gonna make it to Christmas. We knew it and then that gift came and it was a young person with traumatic injury. And I will forever lift up that family for what they did, not just for my son, not just for his immediate family, but everyone who loves him. Now the sad part about this, we were the lucky ones. And you can see how the supply is so tight then the selection has to be so precise. And quite frankly, a lot of the criteria favor middle class, privileged people. And I consider myself and our family in that category. We have insurance, we have the support, we don't have an outrageous amount of money, but we get by and we get by well. We don't have the enormous financial barriers, cultural barriers, barriers that race and culture play in this decision. I mean, there's so much literature and finally we're really talking about this openly. How race and people of color and culture really are created disparity within medical care generally and it really comes to light in a situation like this where there is a competition for all of these organs. It's so sad, it's a competition and some of us win and many of us don't. And the statistics will bear out how people of color and Asians, indigenous people, African-Americans or Latinx all are disadvantaged in this process. So it's frustrating, it's good that society, maybe we're just finally waking up to all the health inequities that exist and in this way too, but it's a critical piece. I think Mary Beth said it well when we were talking before. This is a critical piece of social justice that we actually can play a part in because we can not only be organ and tissue donors ourselves, but we encourage our friends and our family and our neighbors, all of our neighbors, all of our neighbors who look like us and those who don't and be able to carry this message in cultural terms that will make sense to everybody because the bigger the pool that we have, the more supports that we can give to the donor community and to those people who are afraid to be donors because they legitimately sometimes don't trust the medical system or aren't even aware about the complexities of being a recipient and how you position yourself and your family to be able to be part of this. That's a big piece of social justice and we can be part of that too. We don't have to wait for the world to catch up and be reasonable. We can fight for adequate healthcare but also universal access to healthcare. A big piece of this is financial and we can be part of that struggle. There are so many things we can do both personally, personally, either individually as being part of the stoner process, being part of the advocacy process, being part of the political process, it's all of a piece and this is an important part of it. Very definitely you might have some thoughts on that too. Yeah, so I really appreciate you tying that together because in our conversations we had spoken about that that education is a great equalizer and so part of the intention of these presentations is to make sure that everybody is informed first of their ability to be able to donate if it's consistent with their values and their beliefs and then also that people are aware of the process and the system to become a recipient and how they could access that information because I've always found in my life that information is power and when you brought to light to me about the inequities with regard to the distribution to recipients and the racial inequities, this is just another small drop in that bucket of making sure that people know there is a resource, here's a piece of the information, we can support you in accessing that information and then we can begin to build upon that because it is exhausting, I'm sure if you are a family who is in need of a donation, that process I imagine is just as emotionally straining and if there's a way that we can support people in that process, that's what we wanna be able to do. Definitely. The angle of increasing supply as an equalizer makes all of the sense in the world and so again, we just hope that people will take this information and then begin to have that conversation within their whole family system so what really came to light, I just wanted to highlight is when you were talking about the instances in which a younger person perhaps passes and that that becomes an opportunity to donate and though this conversation is starting at the Amherst Senior Center, what really struck me is it's a great opportunity when you're sitting around the house having a family dinner socially distanced or gathering your family or doing your Zoom meetings is to have a whole conversation with everybody so I have to tell you, I have four children in their 20s and I intend to go home tonight and speak to all four of them and ask them, are you registered as an organ donor? Is there any conversation we need to have around that so that it's not just looking at it through the lens of an older adult becoming a donor but also that younger individuals and whole family systems should be having this conversation and inviting. So I appreciate the many sort of sub themes here. Thanks. Yeah. And finally the next slide is how you do it. We've been telling you all the why's and this is how you do it. If you have a driver's license, that is part of it and it does talk about organ donation but to the best of my knowledge it is that organ and tissue and that certainly is something that when the time comes for the donation that OPO group would go into with the family in some detail. That online registration is available through Donate New England, that's the website. It has a link for registration. You can do both even if you have a designated on your driver's license. You can also ensure that you've been registered by doing it through Donate New England. As Mary Beth said, the senior center is available to help with that process. Once you're registered, no one, not even your healthcare agent, nobody can override your decision. You're locked in. Only you can change your mind but if you do, make sure to change your registration and if you registered in two places, make sure that they're consistent. Make sure you make that change but I hope you don't. I sincerely hope you don't register. And then the other part, when we talked about healthcare proxies and living wells the last time, both Mary Beth and I stressed, excuse me, the importance of not just doing the paper but talking to people, talking to your healthcare agent, your caregivers, your loved ones, making sure that they know it. And if you are developing a writing or if you have a writing that lays out in some detail, your wishes include the fact that remember I'm registered or remember even if I forget to register officially, this is what I want. And make sure they have it well before those documents are needed. So I think you can tell that I feel pretty strongly about this topic and I'm hoping that you learn more about it and you become just as passionate and committed to it as I can and as I am. So Mary Beth, do you have any words to wrap us up? Well, I just had one question about the registry through Donate New England. So some of our residents may not have a driver's license, it might be a status that's prevented. Absolutely. Or older adults sometimes no longer have a license because they're just not driving any longer. So if somebody didn't have that license option, would the registry donate New England to be just as legitimate and valid in terms of registry? Absolutely, absolutely. I mean, remember this is they're affiliated with local Oregon Procurement. They facilitate getting you on that registry. Excuse me. But the Donate New England is that public awareness, is that link between us and the whole donation administration? So that's a really good place. I've done both, you know, I'm a belt and suspenders kind of person. So I've done both. Okay. Well, you've given us a lot of information and also a lot of follow-up and to-do. So I know that for myself, I'm gonna go home and I'm gonna speak to my entire family system. Yes. My young folks and my older folks and asking about this and really lifting the conversation and expanding it beyond an organ to tissue donation. I think that's so very interesting. And again, was all new information for me. I hope that people listening and watching this today find that this is really helpful. It certainly, one, it would spur a conversation and some thought around what would be appropriate for you in your own situation. If you wanna get more information, you can certainly go to the website that's listed here, Donate Life New England. If you need assistance, if you are someone who does not have access to the internet and you would like us to print out information, just call the senior center at 259-3060 and we could print out for you information. We can mail it to you. If you come here, we could hand it to you. So we will serve as a conduit for any of the information if you wanna explore this topic more. If you need assistance to navigate the site, so sometimes we have individuals who go on the site, but they're not sure how to work it. We can speak with you and help you to navigate it. We could help you to register if that's something that you choose to do as a result of this. And most importantly, I hope that you leave here with a lot of knowledge because information is power and what we seek to do with the Amherst Senior Center is to empower older adults to have full autonomy over the entire span of their lives. And that means even the end of their lives. And I think that one of the most amazing things about you, Anita, and the presentations that you've assisted me with is that you have a wonderful way to bring together both your personal stories of the ways in which these issues have touched to yourself. You have a medical background and you also have had that legal background in terms of working within the healthcare systems. And I think that many of the ways that you've shared stories have helped to sort of destigmatize and invite people into the conversation in a gentle way. I think I know that my own process when both of my parents were passing and I was helping them through that process, it really brought to life. My own personal resistance to having these conversations because I wanted to hold on to life and I didn't wanna admit to what was happening. So I think there's tremendous value in the conversations that you've shared with us to start the conversation within your own family systems. In whatever way you can begin this topic, I think it's incredibly important to acknowledge that we will all face this point in our lives and that there's real courage, there's benefit. It gives a person autonomy. It gives their family a gift to have that conversation, to proceed a decision being made at a crisis point. So I thank you from the bottom of our lives. It's been a pleasure. And we're senior center. So it's been really wonderful. And please anybody if you need any information on any of the topics in these series, contact us at the senior center 259-3060. And if there's information, we can pass it along. And I can also check in with Anita about questions. I'm sure she continued to serve us. And anything you wanna finish up, a final thought or? No, it's just been, it's been a gift for me to have the opportunity to spread the word like this. I really appreciate having been able to work on these two topics. And as far as coming up with more resources, I know there are others that I didn't include on the slide that I could, we can compile a short list, printed materials and what the resources are out there. But certainly the best place to start is with Donate, New England. And we all have stories. I think what you're pointing out, we all have stories. And our stories help each other to be able to make some sense out of some really difficult topics. And we should keep talking. Yes, yes, that's certainly where I come from is having open space, air, transparency and having the conversation on comfortable conversations. I think the town's gonna be engaged on many levels. And here's another piece that we can, of being transparent and explicit about these topics. So thank you. So if anyone's wondering how Anita got to this point, she walked into the senior center one day. I was familiar with her name and her reputation within working in Hamden County. And I just said to her, are you the Anita Sara? And I said, I would really like to talk to you about some of your background. So if you have a background that you'd like to share, give us a call as well. And thank you for being so open and receptive, Anita. And thank you for all of you. Yes, thank you.


Hello, everybody. How are you doing? So I'm here today to talk about automating your manual test suite with Tempest plug-in scenario tests in Rally. This whole thing came about because we have a lot of legacy tests that are completely manual right now. And I started talking to the QA guys about a month ago or so and trying to find a way that we can move away from this manual testing and to automating it. And so that's where I made this prototype with using Tempest, the scenario tests in Rally. And it was quite easy to do actually. And I'm going to take you through it in a moment. Also presenting with me is Daniel Malato from AdHod. And I'm a senior software engineer with Dell. And it's not moving. Space, maybe?  Space? No. You need to freeze? It's just working. Bear with me. Crashed. Try this again. It doesn't work. We can use Nighting.  Get your computer out. It doesn't work. So great to start. Well, things happen. This is the back, guys. I should have a copy. Hold on, though. Hold on one second. I should have a clean copy here. And let's save this. Keep your fingers crossed. Yes. Try again. No. Thank you. Good night. So how are you doing? Are you laughing at me? I said something to do with the cable. Yeah. All right. What an innovation. So background. So we have an existing test framework that has roughly 200 test cases. Some are relatively simple. Some of them are huge, like taking a compute node down for maintenance and moving all the VMs off it, that kind of thing. The platform they use right now for manual testing is called TestRail. And it's more of a project management tool to me. I don't know a lot about it, but from what I see, it's more of a project management tool than it is actually a test suite. You put your tests in there. It's a script. And you can track all kinds of information around it, which is useful. Some of the benefits. It manages the test well. It does really good reporting. And it's wide open, right? So it's manual testing. You can do whatever you want. So you have a lot of freedom in that respect. Obvious problems with manual testing. It doesn't scale. As we bring on more and more distributions, the grid becomes huge. So we're supporting more distributions, more hardware, and it becomes, you know, impossible for a QA team to handle. Especially in large scenarios, if you have a lot of steps, there's a lot of room for error and something can go wrong. And it's also just a waste, right? You have resources that she'd be fixing problems, not doing something that can be automated. This is just a screen capture from TestRail. It's got a variety of reports. You can see the script in there that they would use for the manual test component. So after talking to them, I looked at, you know, what was out there for tools. I've already was familiar with Tempest. I do a little bit of upstreaming there. I've worked with rally, and I started looking at the scenario framework, which as I looked at, it really offers a ton of power. It allows you to do many, many different things that are cross-cutting across different apis and look like it fit the bill. So I went on from there and created a prototype. Okay, so just let me give you a quick overview. Yes, out of curiosity, how many of you know what Tempest is? Yes, from the audience. Please raise your hands. Okay, quite a bit. I'm impressed. So congrats. I'd say that Tempest is one of the most widely used and less known open-stop projects. So basically, like, this is being used in the gate for every patch. So whoever sends a patch, it goes over a ton of different gates, and it gets to Tempest, and it's trying to test all the time. So if you already knew that, congrats on that again. So Tempest is meant to be used from the gate, a Dev stack, ideally a production cloud too. So basically, it starts with API, it does whatever the API allows you to do. So in addition, like Tempest doesn't have any kind of branches like most of the open-stop projects, we do use stacks because the open stack API is backwards compatible. So we use one Tempest stack for about three different releases. So what happened? If you take into consideration that it runs for all the different projects, not different gates at some point, they start to go huge. So let's say I'm a great guy, and I know Tempest, I can review Tempest patches, but let's say I can do Neutron too. By the way, what would happen if I were to review Neutron, Sahara, then Cilometer, Ironic, Ironic Spector, whatever? I would say it means it probably. So as Tempest starts to grow huge, we decide to implement blind interface that would allow for a test to go back to Neutron projects, so people will be able to review it with knowledge. If you check that link, there's about like 50 plugins. So we decide to keep only the core projects, mainly Nova, because as of now, there are also plugins for Cinder and Glance. But basically, that was why we want people to handle that. So I'll be just covering a little bit introduction about the Tempest plugin before, but I want also just to introduce you about how do we handle this. So when we do release Tempest stack, it's tied to the global rex, what are the global rex? Those are the requirements that are released by DevStack and by the releasing of OpenStack whenever we get an actual release and now it's for Neutron and it'll be for Okata. When we do install a plugin, that means installing either another project or out of three plugins, I'll be covering that. Basically, we are installing an entry point that allows Tempest to discover the new subset of tools. In order to do this, usually we are using visual environments or you could use assistant side packages too, but that goes with the drawback. So when you are using DevStack and you want to use system side packages, it's really recommended to use these talks environment. So how many of you have been using these talks environment? Okay, not that many. Awesome. I guess we need to advertise this a little bit more. This would allow you to, ideally, discover all the plugins that are installed within your installation of OpenStack, either DevStack or triple or whatever and it would deploy there. Okay, so how do I create a Tempest plugin? First, let me introduce you briefly to what a stable APIs are. So basically, if I want to create a Tempest plugin, I would only need to import Tempest.leaf, Tempest.config and Tempest.discover.  Tempest.leaf are the service clients and the stable interfaces, so that won't change. So if you are going to, you type your plugin to a specific commit of Tempest or you were doing that before, it shouldn't be needed anymore because you are using these stable interfaces and this is going to change, so you shouldn't need to touch anything on your plugin. Then Tempest.config, which is basically the Tempest configuration file, Tempest.conf, and then the discovery for all the plugins. Okay, so let's say I want to create a plugin for scratch. I could either code it myself or use cookie cutter. If you don't know cookie cutter, it's basically a templating system. So you just need to install cookie cutter and then use that repo and that would create as a scale for all your plugin needs. So as I said before, we could either choose to have our plugin in tree, which would mean to share the same repo as the project, for instance Neutron, which implements this kind of way, this way. So you have like the project and then the Tempest test and the Tempest plugins, which lives within it. So that's not the recommended way. So at the QA team, we would love to have, I think we think that it's going to be much easier to have a dedicated repo, because that way, that would allow you to decouple the requirements from the project, from the test project, because otherwise let's say my packageer, I'm going to package everything into an RPN or DBN or whatever, and if I just want to install Neutron or whatever project, I'm going to be needing to install a ton of dependencies like that. Also, it would allow you to decouple another new thing. As I said, Tempest is branchless, so are the tests, but the projects don't necessarily, and they are used like don't, are branchless too. So you would be able to mix best of the worlds. The only drawback is that this out of three is a boot for making you have to learn two patches. The first one would be to the main project, the test would be needed to be learning to a different project. Okay, here comes the fun. So I told you that Tempest basically uses all the API that we do have, like the split-trips for the plugin, that we are dropping tests, like Sahara, Neutron, and so forth. But it wouldn't happen if I just want to do like a real-life example of a test. That's where we go to the standard test, and that would do what a real-life use case would be. Like, okay, I want to deploy a VM, I want it to upload an image, I want to create a network, I want to create a router, I want it to ping each other and so forth. So those are the tests that are usually, and are not still that much put abroad on the different repos. Also, those kind of managers would allow you to easily create whatever you need in your metodes. But David will give you some examples with rally. Sure. So I'll be letting him go. Okay. Thank you, guys. Sure. So the Tempest Scenario framework. So the key class there is Tempest Scenario Manager Scenario Test. That has hooks into all kinds of things you can do in OpenStack. Create an image, create an instance, and wait for it to start. Attach a volume to that instance. All kinds of operations there are basically macro functions that will let you do this. The base class is the Scenario Test. But there are also a couple of subclasses of that, you know, specified for specific scenarios for specific APIs, if you see networks, bare metal, encryptions, etc. I think what I'll end up with right now, right now my test or prototype just extends the base scenario test. I'll probably create my own scenario test base class and inherit from that because we have some specialized things we'll probably need to add. So from there, we get into rally. Are you guys familiar with rally at all? So there's three main pieces to rally. It's a deploy engine. I've never worked with this piece, so I can't tell you much about it. A benchmark engine which allows you to do performance testing and create scenarios. And in some ways, the scenarios are familiar to what you can do with the temp of scenarios, but in the benchmarking side, the tests are more designed for running concurrently and trying to put load on it. My goal isn't to do that. It's to just validate the features are working. So I stuck with using the Tempest framework. And verification. Verification in rally just uses Tempest, executes Tempest, stores the results in a database. So at the end of the day, when you say rally verify, it's running Tempest. There's a basic architecture of the rally. I stole this from their site, so you can see this anytime on their Wiki landing page. So as I said, the prototype is only using the rally's verification features. So I'm not touching any other parts of it right now. So basically, I'm just using it to execute Tempest, store the results in a database and have a database that I can report off of. Why not just use Tempest alone? Because you could. You could use this plugin just in standalone Tempest. I like rally because of persistence. It has a relational database, it stores all your results reporting. There are some good reports in there and there are easy hooks into creating new reports, which Tempest by itself doesn't necessarily have. And it also supports multiple deployments. So you can do a spoken hub kind of thing if you have several stamps running OpenStack. You could have a separate deployment for each one and store all of the results in a single repository. And as I said, you could use this Tempest plugin on its own in just Tempest. So putting it all together, the first thing I need to do is implement a Tempest plugin, the framework, the basic shell, learn about the scenario framework, write a test, install the plugin into the rally deployment, which is its copy of Tempest, basically, for that particular cloud you're talking to. Run the test, report on the test results and maybe make tweaks to the test, reinstall the plugin and repeat. So here's a basic flow of information. This call would enter a rally, go into the specific environment for your deployment, call the regex expression, which would locate the test that you installed with your plugin and execute that test. Then it will store that data back in the rally database and then you can report on it. Oops. It's okay there. It's okay there. Good. So I, unlike Daniel was pointing out, didn't know about cookie cutter. So I went to another existing plugin and plagiarized. And this is the basic source tree. The main things to be concerned with are the setup.config and how you lay out the tree. And you can also put API tests in your plugin. I'm not doing any API tests. I'm going to do a pure scenario plugin. And you can see my test in the tree there. So setup.config is where you add your plugin's entry point. And you can see the directive there, entry points, and it's pointing to my plugin class.  And when the plugin is loaded, it goes and searches the path and makes all those tests available. This is just a basic overview of my test, right? So most importantly, you need to document the test properly. You're basically word for word copying the script that they have in their test rail application into a doc string. So I can clearly state what this thing is trying to do. Then you just add the decorator, give it a unique good for your item potent ID, and write your method. Oh, man. This is actually some pretty good stuff. So I'll walk through it verbally. So this is taking into account that you already have a deployment in Rally, which the easiest way to do that is if you have an environment file, your source set file, which will have your OpenStack credentials, the Keystone URL, all of that. And then you pass into Rally, you say Rally, deployment create dash dash from ENV and give it a name.  And then you can install Tempest and immediately start testing. I think that's most of what I have here. Actually, no. So in the next steps, once you have a deployment, you install Tempest. So you do Rally, verify, install, which will lay down and will clone the Tempest repository into its own virtual environment. It'll have this funny path like it's .Tempest for deployment and then your deployment GUID. And then under there is the root directory for your Tempest install for that deployment. So once you have the Tempest installed, you do Rally, verify, install plugin, and point it to your source path for your plugin. And it will then install that plugin for Tempest in that deployment. And then it's just as simple as calling Rally, verify, start, pass in a regex for your tests, and it will run. And you could have seen all that if that great square wasn't there. And at the end of the day, you can do Rally, verify results with the GUID of your verification run. And I added a few flags here so we can see HTML and give it a file name. And there's only a single test right now, but as you can see, it gives you some useful information. There's also ways to compare results. So you can do test runs to see if over time if the test is getting slower or if on a particular stamp it's getting slower, that kind of thing. Say you create your test, you run your test, then something's wrong or it has an error or just something isn't right. All you have to do, you can modify the python code in place, install the plugin again. As you can see, they Rally, verify, install plugin, point it to the same source. It'll overwrite the existing plugin, and then you can rerun the test and you'll see the changes take effect. It's a pretty good workflow, pretty productive. So at this point, I had a demo. It is on that machine, so I can't do it. But it was basically, it wasn't very exciting anyways. It went over basically what I talked about, creating a deployment, installing templates for the deployment, installing the plugin and running it. So there you have it. Conclusions. Implementing 200 test cases is going to take us a lot of time because some of them are very complicated. And some of them might not be doable at all. There are things that have to call out to the operating system and do things there and look at logs and that's kind of out of scope for what we can do with the scenario framework. Rally is not, I've said this before, but Rally isn't a requirement. So if you make a plugin and open source it, we're going to plan on doing with ours. Once I hit critical mass with it, I'm going to upstream it, and you can just run it through Tempus. Rally is not a requirement. Rally is a win for me. It's very easy to install. I didn't mention that, but you can get going with Rally in 15 minutes and you haven't been running Rally environment. And my plan is to open source this eventually. I don't know where it's going to live, but I'd like to get maybe some kind of general scenarios for the community. It seems like it would be something that would be useful across different organizations. There are some existing scenario tests in Tree and Tempus, but there's not a ton of them. And they're good. They test very basic things. Maybe more edge cases we could put into this community plugin. And lastly, I started looking at possibly, there's a few tests that only run through Horizon. They don't use CLI. And I did some initial looking at using the Selenium WebDriver Python bindings, and it looks like it may be possible to do UI tests, but I can't guarantee it. But that's something I'll be looking at in the near future. And that is it. Feel free to ask any questions. We don't have a mic for questions, so I could ask you to speak up if you do. That way, I can hear you. Yes, sir? I'm sorry. I couldn't hear you. I'm sorry. Say again? That's the goal, right? So we have this whole manual test suite that does all kinds of things that don't have test coverage. Yes. Well, we don't. I mean, we don't have any APIs that are outside of OpenStack, so we're testing OpenStack APIs. I'm not quite sure I follow you. Yes? No, no. I'm just using what's in Tempest. Yeah. Yes, sir? Yeah. What do you mean? Would you like to create a plugin and do you want to find its requirements file? Your deployment has to be configured already, right? So before all this happens, we have deployment plan, reference architecture. All the bits are there and running as we want to test them. So it's in a state that we're ready to test. So my plugin isn't interacting on that level at all. No. Also, you create a plugin. You could add additional configurations and additional stuff that you're planning that would have to have. When you create a plugin, you implement a class. If you don't need nothing, you just put pass and nothing happens. So you could add whatever you're planning is to have, like extra configs or something like that. Yeah, I didn't mention that. That's a good point, is you can add your own config stuff inside your plugin so you can extend existing Tempest Conf. Yes? Mm-hmm. Well, the redjacks, you can go by name in redjacks, right? So you can give your... And you can also use tags, which I'm not super familiar with. Okay. Yeah? Yeah? Well, you could add extra configurations and put decorators there. You can skip flag. That's the test that I don't know. It only runs on MariaDB, let's say. So when you create your plugin, you could add extra configurations and maybe even like a skip decorator for that. You own your plugin so you can do whatever you want. So you can do a skip if whatever. You could do that. That's what you would do. You say, if this is MariaDB, you'd skip, basically. And you can put that logic into a decorator, I believe. That's where you do that, yeah. Yes, sir? No, no, I haven't heard of it. And that's something I got to do with some homework because I don't want to reinvent the wheel either, right? Exactly. Right, right. Yeah. Yeah, I appreciate it. Thank you. Please? Oh, yes, sir. I'm not aware of a UI for Rally yet. I don't know if there's a project. I'm sorry. Thank you. So I wrote a report plugin for Rally which does compare. I noticed just when I was putting this in together, it was deprecated so I have to figure out why. But it did just that. So you had two test runs and you could do a compare. You could set the threshold to say, if the difference is less than a second, say it's not different, right? You want to find things that are taking a second longer and things like that. So that was there. But as far as a UI, as far as I know, there's still no UI to rally. I mean, you could always wrap this in a UI, right? You could make calls and make your own UI. You know, because it's all restful. I'm sorry? It comes at the subunit level. So you would get your results and then it processes the subunit test results and spits out a file. Yeah. It just builds a dict and then transforms that. You can compare two test results. Yeah, yeah. And it just paints. You know, you can export it as HTML or JSON or just tab delimited as well. Yeah, yeah. I'm not going to talk to Boris and find out why. Because if you do tempest, verify, compare, you can't do it. It says it's deprecated and I don't know why. It says use task results, but there's no compare task results. And it's not a task. So I'm not really sure what's going on with it. OK. I apologize deeply for the technical difficulties. Oh, thank you. Hold on. We have a prize. Thank you for coming, guys.


Well, Slam Poetry involves an artist delivering their message right to their audience, allowing them to create an experience based on the feedback they receive. But this week's In Focus, Mel Myer talked to a few of the Slam's participants about their craft. The Headwater School of Music and Arts has held some slams in the past, but they've been able to host more through a grant from the Minnesota State Arts Board. With it, they've been able to support and build the arts community and to create this sort of environment where people have a chance to explore their creativity. And slams are the perfect place to do that. Regular poetry is like orchestra, and slam poetry is kind of like a one-two punch. Competitors receive points from judges based on a few components. Five points for originality and the weight of the poem itself, and other five points for performance. So even if your message is great, but you forget parts of it or go over time, your score could suffer. I got the squeak that I had to finish up in ten seconds, and I had more material. While some like Anderson have a little bit of experience with the pressure, others were trying it out for the first time. Where can I fit in? I need a place for my dreams to begin. After putting his poem together for some time, Angelo Bell was ready to get up on stage. It was actually a pretty cool feeling seeing everybody who actually is paying attention and listening to my poetry here. It's this feedback that sets slam apart and helps the artist react to the audience's interests. I thought segregation ended, but we're still more divided than ever. Ashley Charwood performed a poem based on the movie, I Am Not Your Negro. I just wrote this poem because the movie really touched me and really spoke to me, and so I just let it all out. Because she performed that, others followed suit. People were doing some political stuff, and I really wanted to add to that. But slams can also be a little silly. The other two are kind of serious, so the third one, I'm going to try to lighten it up a little bit. If they didn't get to advance on to the next round, the poets will have another opportunity with the headwater school later this fall. With this week's In Focus in Bemidji, I'm Mel Myer, Lakeland News. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


All right, so now we have seen how to measure stuff. Now we are going to get to faster Python, and that should keep us occupied for most of the afternoon. So first thing first, just a little bit of loading here and there. And so the three, let's say, tricks or methods that we're going to use, and I'm going to present there are NumPy, and then we are going to discuss NumBar, and then we are also going to discuss Cython. I'll explain each and what they do in turn. Each of them kind of varies in the sort of difficulties that sort of amount of work that you have to kind of put in to make them work, and each of them sort of also can yield a different level of performance, of performance improvement, depending on the specific problem you want to apply them on, okay? So we'll also try and discuss that a little bit. And of course, this should not dispense you to just apply good sense on your data. Try to think a little bit about the sort of operation, try not to be too redundant, maybe try and think about the complexity of the function that you have and so on and so forth. All right, so without further ado, first with NumPy, we've seen already a little bit NumPy this morning, and we have used it a little bit. Just maybe as, just to give me an idea, could you please put a little green tick, yes, if you are already familiar with NumPy.  All right, and maybe a little Red Cross if you've never heard about it, or only maybe this morning. Okay, so it seems that maybe at least about half of you have already heard about it enough and are quite familiar with it. So then I'm going to go fairly fast then through the coming part. But the core idea under NumPy is that it uses a number of structures and function that are written in C++ under the hood and that do what we call vectorize operation that means that you do operation at the level of all sets of numbers, arrays, rather than number by number. And this, you know, it goes much faster then. So the basic NumPy type is the array, okay, which you can create from any container, such as a list, for instance, and or from some pre-existing function. We've seen this morning already to create an array, create a 2D array with only zeros, you have five by five, okay.  And then of course we can fairly easily see and check that doing one operation on a, you know, on a basic list, like for instance, multiplying all elements by the team is much longer in Python than using NumPy arrays, all right. Also the way to write it is much simpler. So two gains there, right. And also one thing is that array, you can multiply them easily by one value, but you can also multiply array or subtract array to one another. That's what we have used with our little distance example where I subtract one point and the other in one go, all right. And so we can do that with a little bit like all of our little types of function that exists, like here I just do a sum, then a mean, then a standard deviation. I even have to kind of compute a little standard, sorry, I have to create a standard deviation function there and also sort it, all right. So what we see here is that each time the NumPy implementation is much, much faster, but this difference is not always exactly the same, okay. So the factor by which you will speed up is not always the same, all right. So that's kind of the super quick guide there. So basically the 101, like the take home message on that is just like whenever you have operation on a single letter type on a whole like bunch of values, use NumPy arrays, it will be much easier to write your code but also much faster. You have here this little link to their absolute beginner's guide, which is quite nice starting point to really get started there. Now there is a question by Tess asking, the question is NumPy faster than pandas. Now pandas is actually based off of NumPy in the sense that a pandas column, a pandas series, okay, is actually under the hood in NumPy array. So most operations should have quite similar performance, okay. Maybe sometime for some case, some use cases, the pandas array might be slightly slower because they do a few additional check that NumPy doesn't do, but that would be the exception rather than the rule. All right, so now we have seen already together that we have rewritten our base Python function from basic Python to NumPy, okay. So it's very, very similar, it's just that now rather than treating each measurement in each point separately, we just treat point as one dimensional vector there. So we can directly subtract, square some and then do the square root in very simple call. So you can see that both like the code is a bit, let's say simpler once you know what these do, okay. But that we have seen also together, they are much, much faster. And then we come to our first exercise there, okay. So just to get you also to apply this sort of stuff. So for those of you who are quite familiar with NumPy, it should be fast as well. So if we go here, all right, now your goal, okay, is to take this little function there, which is in native Python. And now to try and rewrite it in NumPy to make it faster. All right, let's try and see how we can solve this one. So the first thing is that I want to apply this function, but now I wanted to be with NumPy elements. So for that, I see what I do here. I create the X, okay. And then I go for each element, I create n elements, okay. And then these n elements, I compute there where they are. So the X here and then I compute X square minus X and I add that to a running sum. Right, so where we can start to go is to say, all right, we have there n elements, okay. And these n elements will take values between A and B by increments of DX, all right. So maybe this is where we can use our hint, where we create something like this, okay. So that creates all of our element. It could be a way to just have here something in our for loop instead of doing this computation there, we would just do the average. I mean, we can just try that. That would be maybe minimal when it comes to the changes that we do there. But, you know, you never know. I said to go so np.arrange. And let's call that maybe just numpy one. And then we go from A to B by increments of DX. Okay. And we can then try maybe this and then we have increment native. Numpy one, all right. And so we can try this, see if we get something out of that. Okay. So looks like it's taking a bit of time. Let me check. I know I've made a mistake, sorry. So that would be actually directly X there. That's better. Sorry, I was a bit eager. Okay. Looks like we have actually lost some time there. It actually takes us longer. So maybe not the correct way to go. One thing that we want to test also is that we want to check that we get the same result because even if you get something like this, okay, you want to make sure that you get the same result because okay, maybe even if you get something much faster, if it doesn't give the same result, it's useless to you. So it's also a good thing to just check you compute both. And here you see that you get the same result. So it's a relief, at least, you know, you are not faster, but at least you get the same result. So you got kind of the process, right? Now for tests, can you explain why it is X? So here, what we see is that in this function, we go from A to B by increments of DX, all right? So X is actually computed using that. Now what we do is that rather than say these two line, we can just write NP.arrange from A to B by increments of DX. So that's, for instance, what we get when we say form zero to two by increments of, I don't know, 0.01. And then we get all of our Xs, right? And so we can iterate through that. And by iterating through that, we get directly the X and we don't have to do the modification ourselves. But now this has not given us much better results. So we can come back then to what I mentioned a little bit in the chat, a couple of time, is that NumPy reshines when you have, because you are able to apply operation on whole vector at once, I mean that for instance, if I have, I know X is equal from zero by two by increments of 0.1, I have EIX. And I can fairly easily write, for example, X times three, and it will multiply everything by three, okay? So for instance, there is nothing preventing me from computing then the square. And then from there, you can sort of see where I'm going because I can just do X squared minus X. And I then just compute this quantity that is interesting towards there, all right? So from there, we can start converging toward a little solution where we would just, for instance, have our function there, okay? And then we, instead of having everything there in a for loop, we would just compute DX, then we get X is equal to NP.arrange from A to B by increments of DX.  Which gives us some sort of the function element, let's call it F for instance, and then we can have F dot sum, okay? So we sum the element of X, and we can then just return that because that looks like this is what we want. So far so good? Yes, okay, now of course, first thing we want to do before even timing it is checking that we do get the same result. See here, for example, what I get, I expected to have that, what I get is this. So what is likely there is that I forgot to, yeah, here I forgot to multiply by DX at the end. So I can just do this either here or before there, but here it suffices. So now if I rerun this, now you see that I do get here the expected result up to a small numerical increments. Let's check here, S equals zero, A to B to DX. Then you sum squared, okay? So that might be in the numerical errors there, okay? But that's then the first idea where you kind of get your result. So then we can sort of jump to the solution. We can see that it's kind of the same thing. It's just that now I even don't even use the F intermediate. I just go directly and I compute X squared minus X sum and then times the X, okay? And then I do both and compute the two and then you measure the time it takes to do the two and you will see that you get something better, okay? So there you see that now I've gotten something nicer there. So because I have this same result and that I've gotten a speedup of 7.8 in that particular case which is a bit lower than what I had when I did my testing first. Those are people that have a higher factor she can tell me if they have done things differently or if it's just right now, my computer was a bit slow-ish in finding the solution because this happened sometime, especially since my computer is doing the recording. This for me, I tried this solution and I also get 20X. Now I get a faster, a higher speedup. Yeah, I get like within five minutes. Ah, so maybe it's just my computer. Yeah, you see, it's a bit unstable there. All right, let's gear up maybe. That's that, yeah, let's do like maybe 30 run. Just I think, yeah. Five, take a bit more time to compute. I guess it's too harvesting your personal data and the background that is showing. It might be that, yeah. I think it's this mostly because when I did that outside of the Zoom I got a much better performance. But so yeah, all right. So there you have it. So the solution is kind of to rethink the way that we do our for loop, okay? And so we don't do for loop, we just do the operation directly on the whole vector and then sum all the elements in the vector and that gets us our result. Now, is it clear for like, is it clear what we did and how we did that with NumPy, the process in general? Yeah.  Where we did become bad or risky or something. Okay, so then I test n can be zero. That's completely correct indeed. If n is not zero, then I get a mistake because I try to divide by zero. Then York, you have raised n. Yeah, if I do a lot of steps, so if n gets very high then everything needs to be in memory. So it's memory intensive. Exactly. Perfectly right, indeed. So here with one million elements, I will need something like seven megabytes. So it's basically not much, but if we imagine that we do something with 10 to the power of 30 or 55 or something like this, especially if it becomes maybe a multi-dimensional function, it can climb it very high. And so you could see that here, this x there will not fit in memory anymore. And so you might start to see problem. For this simple example, it will come only for very, very high number still. That's something that it's nice to just pick up like now, okay, we have exchanged a time constraint for maybe a RAM constraint. So in this sort of case, then what one could do is just to say, okay, maybe you can then block your ends so that you can, if you see that if n is above, I don't know, 10 to the power 20, then you operate by block of 10 to the power nine or something like this, okay? And so you can just chain different code to the integrate numpy function fairly easily. And then of course it will take slightly longer, but at least you stay within the RAM constraint that you want to have, right? Is this clear to everyone this little process there? And how we would circumvent the RAM problem? Yes. All right, so something to keep in mind. Yerk, you still have your end raised, but I guess this is just because you forgot to lower it. Yeah. Now, there is a question by Tess, and so she asked if I can provide the code for that. Now, the good thing is that I don't have to because you already have it.  So if you actually unzip that thing and then play it, then it will load what is already normally in your solution folder. And you have here the solution file to all the exercise and also for the micro exercises with some commands and so on so forth, right? So normally you have everything ready. But if you want to have like the very precise one which I've put it there, just put it in the chat and I will paste it, but it's just the same thing as this basically. I just meant the one where you circumvent the RAM issue. Ah, I have not programmed that. Sorry. In other words, just curious. Ah, yeah. The programming for that would not be that hard. You would do, yeah, so you would do for instance like if and above like a threshold and then you would say, okay, so you say you have for instance your threshold, maybe it's 10 to the power nine or the maximum block that you want to allow. Then you would have N divided by your threshold would be the number of blocks. So it would be slightly involved to program, okay? So I'm going to do an incomplete solution like pseudo code style. And then the idea would be to say for block in and be on a number block. Okay, so A starts at A and then B is equal to the size of a block. So that's threshold times DX. So then you have like, let's not call it B then because it will just be block, all right? And so then what you would do is maybe you would integrate between A plus, so it would be range here. So we go from A plus the number of point per block so which is threshold times which block we are currently doing. And then here for B, it would be so it would still be A, but plus and then for the here next block, all right? And then you don't do that for N but for threshold points, all right? So that would be sort of here the idea that would be underneath that. And then of course you would have something like the running sum, okay? And then the running sum gets incremented as we go. And at the end we return S, okay? Right, so that would be the core idea. Now for the precise implementation, I would have to say, okay, here we have to be careful if N not divisible exactly. Okay, and then you have here maybe a border effect. Don't count the same number twice. So you have to be careful about that, okay? So that's maybe two point which are, I would say a bit tedious. It's not like hard, but it's tedious to do. So I won't do that because that's not the subject here but that's all the kind of bare-bone shape that this code would take, all right? So it needs to be refined, but that's the beginning. There you go. Thanks. Okay, now if there are no more questions, we can then continue on. So that was NumPy, okay? And so in NumPy, it really shines where you have an operation and you want to do the same operation on plenty of numbers so that you can vectorize everything. Now let's go.