Dear learners, this is the final part of our discussion on political socialization. As we have already discussed about the meaning definition, nature and various agents of political socialization in our previous discussion. So, let us discuss about the various forms and importance of political socialization here. We will now move towards the various forms of political socialization. Almond and Pavel forwarded two types of political socialization namely Manifest and Latent. As we have already discussed about Manifest and Latent again, just I am repeating it that Manifest political socialization is an open process of political socialization. That means it is open for all and it is a method of political socialization in which certain values and feelings towards a political system are directly and clearly put into the minds of others. For example, when we impart knowledge, education to our students, to our learners, then automatically or they learn something which are very very helpful for the benefit of their future life as a citizen of the country. In this case, we may say about the direct principles of state policies, fundamental rights, fundamental duties of our constitution. And with the help of these aspects, this knowledge, we may develop, establish a system of political socialization through which we will be able to mould ourselves for future citizens of the country. So, these civic instructions are helpful for the benefit of the political system. Then he said about the Latin political socialization. Latin is a method of political socialization which is hidden. That means it is indirectly taught, it is not direct, it is influenced indirectly. It is the method of transmission of non-political attitude. There is no scope for political aspect here and which effect attitudes towards a political system. It is deprotent and usually it functions unnoticed and more or less automatically. That means Latin political socialization process continues automatically without any notification, without any notice and it is influenced indirectly to the individual. For example, when the parents at home and the teachers in the school advise the children, advise the students to respect their elders and obey their commands, then indirectly they give to the children lesson in political socialization. Why? Because with the help of this advice, automatically indirectly they learn something which is very very essential for the betterment of the society, betterment of the political system as a whole. Then we may discuss what are the importance of political socialization. As we have discussed already that political socialization is an important process which no one can ignore. So now we should discuss why it is important, why political socialization is important for the individual as well as for the society as a whole. Let us discuss. So in establishing a strong political culture and maintaining the political stability of a country, political socialization is essential. Why? Because the role played by the process of political socialization is of great importance here without which we will not be able to establish strong political culture. Then political socialization helps in studying society in a scientific way. It helps us to know about the social nature of men. So what are the social nature of men? And it is studied with the help of political socialization and in a scientific way. Then another important of it is it examines the relationship between individual society and political system of a particular country. The political socialization generally examines the relationship between the individual, between the society and political system of a particular country. Then we may say that it reflects, political socialization reflects the process by which the individual learns to confirm to the norms of the group in a political context. So it confirms the norms. So what a particular group confirms a norms or develops a norms, it is also studied with the help of political socialization. Then in establishing a strong political culture and in maintaining the political stability which is one of the very very important aspects of a political system is also played by the process of political socialization. In other words, to maintain political stability of a political system, political socialization plays an important role. Then political culture of a particular society largely depends on political socialization. Then we may say that political socialization process is also important for the politicians and leaders to understand the peculiarities of the political system. In other words, political leaders or the politicians generally know the process or the peculiarities of that particular political system with the help of the process of political socialization. It is also essential for the understanding of the political stability and development of the country. So in this way, the process of political socialization carries a lot of significance in modern society without which no one, no political system can develop in true sense of the term in its political aspects. So now I would like to sum up the whole unit of our discussion from part 1 to part 3. We may say that political socialization is a continuous process throughout the life of individual. It is static. It is an ongoing process on the basis of acceptable political norms which are transmitted from one generation to another. And it is universal. It aims the political stability and it is manifest as well as latent process. And political socialization is related with political culture. That is to maintain political culture, to change culture and to origin political culture. So far as we have learned, we have known that political socialization is a lifelong process through which an individual becomes acquainted with the political system where he or she lives. So in this regard, again I am repeating that if you want to study more elaborately, then you may go to these books referred here. And in the next session, we will discuss about another important unit that is political culture. So thank you all.


Welcome to mobile 26. Today our topic is discussion of union of spaces. We start with a set X which is written as disjoint union of sets. This is one special case. Suppose each Xi is given a topology tau i. Consider tau equal to all subsets of X such that A into section Xi is in tau i for every i. A being subset of the disjoint union, it is union of subsets from each Xi. So those are the A intersection Xi's. All of them must be open in the corresponding Xi. That is the meaning of A intersection Xi is tau i. Take all such A, put them together in one single family. That tau is a topology on X. So this is called disjoint topology. I start with the subsets here are all disjoint, mutually disjoint. That is the meaning of this symbol. Cup union I am always using for disjoint union. Verification is obvious. I mean easy. Empty set belongs to this. Union belongs to this because each Xi will be given tau i. So X, if you take A equal to X, A intersection Xi will be Xi. So they are there. So if A1 and A2 are there, then A1 intersection Xi, A2 intersection Xi are there. So A1 intersection A2 intersection Xi will be there for each i. So intersection is there and so on. You can verify that. We are on straightforward modifications. What is important here is Xi tau i becomes a subspace of X tau. Why? Because what is an open subset here? If something is open subset here, I can just take that open set, whatever it is, don't put anything from any other Xi at all. Its intersection with Xi will be the same set. Intersection with any other Xi will be empty. Therefore, such a head is inside tau automatically. So each Ai belonging to tau i is already inside tau. So Xi tau i becomes a subspace of X tau. Because once Ai is there, Ai intersection Xi will be just Ai. Not only that, each Xi will be now open inside X and therefore it is also closed inside X because each Xi is a complement of other Xi. So this is the easiest picture of when you take disjoint union. This is also interesting but more interesting cases will be when things are not disjoint. That is where what you call as patching up topological spaces comes into picture. So I will not use the word patching up because patching up has different meanings at different places. So what I want to do is more interesting case is when union is not necessary disjoint. Can we still put a topology of meaningfully, you can always put a topology in discrete or discrete and so on. It has something to do with each subspace if there is already a topology for each of these subsets. So let us go step by step. Let us consider the following situation where X is union of Xi now. I have put around a cup here. So this is not necessarily disjoint. Now each Xi, X is simply topological space. Suppose that each Xi is given the subspace topology. X is topological space. These are subsets. So we know what they mean by the subspace topology. Further suppose that A contained inside X is open in X. If filled only if A intersection Xi is open in Xi for each Xi. So this is an extra assumption I am making. Start with a topological space X which is written as union of Xi and give a subspace topology and then assume this condition. It is not clear why this should be true at all. So this I have copied from whatever we did here. So that is why I am trying to put that condition here and see what happens. So all these depth are it is better to call it a name so that we do not have to keep on telling all these things every time. So in such a situation we will say X has the topology coherent with respect to the collection of subspaces Xi. So this is the definition of coherent. Coherent with collection of subspaces means this much. Maybe later on we will improve upon this definition and so on but right now this is definition. It is easily checked that X has coherent topology with respect to Xi in the following cases. Namely the first case when X itself was a disjoint union. We have actually copied that property of the disjoint union topology here. So there it is obvious. That is another easy example wherein each Xi is an open subset of X. So I recall take X, Xi are some subspaces, union is the whole thing X. But now I am assuming each Xi is open inside X. Then what happens? Suppose A intersection Xi is open in Xi. Automatically it will open in X also that is what we have seen. So each A intersection Xi is open in X. Their union will be A so that is also open. So the condition coherency whatever we have there I have verified it here. So these are two examples, easy examples of coherent topology. Let us introduce another important concept here which is relevant in this context, appropriate in this context and that will allow us to have more examples. Let A be any family of subsets of a topological space X. We say A is locally finite at a point X. It is like continuity definition. It is point wise I am defining first. Locally finite at a point. If there is a neighborhood U of X such that U intersects only finitely many members of A. Each point when you are given the neighborhood you can choose. The neighborhood automatically depends upon the point. The number of members which intersect also depends upon the point as well as the neighborhood. Once there is a neighborhood, all smaller neighborhoods will also satisfy that. So that is why I can put just a neighborhood then you can make it open neighborhood also because every neighborhood contains an open neighborhood. So there is no harm in putting neighborhood. If this happens at every point of X then you call A locally finite. That is why I have indicated the similarity between definition of continuity. Continuity at a point then continuity at all the points is continuous function. That is what we have defined for continuous functions for example. So similar local finiteness at each point and then local finiteness on the whole of X. So now I will give you an interesting example of coherent topology, the third example in SA. Now suppose X i is a locally finite collection of closed subspaces. So this is the extra condition. I am assuming X is equal to union of X i that is given already. So this is extra condition. But each time they are closed also. Each of them is closed also. Then local finiteness. So two extra condition 5 minutes. Then I claim that X i has the coherent topology with respect to X i. So let us check this one. I have to check it point wise. That is what I have to do. Sorry I have to coherent topology I have to prove A if A is such that A intersection X i is open in X i. Then I have to show that A is open in X. It is not point wise. Point wise is the definition of local finiteness. So start with the subset X, subset A of X such that A intersection X i is open in X i for each i. This just means that A intersection X i is equal to U i intersection X i where U i is open in X. This is the definition of subspace topology. The X i's are subspaces of X. Now given X belonging to A. So now I have to do local. I should produce an open subset of X. The set X belongs to that open set and that open set is contained inside A. That is what I have to do. So use the local finiteness and choose an open set U in X such that X is in U and U intersects only finitely many members of this family. You can just for a while you can just label them as X 1, X 2, X n. All right. So this is a picture. This X is there. I have found a U. This U intersects only finitely many of them all other X i's are far away. Out of which look at X where does X belong to? Here X belongs to X 1 also X 2 but it does not belong to X 3, X 4, X 5, other things. Okay. So that is important for me. So what I do? Start with a open set U such that this intersects only finitely many among the stem by relabeling if you want X 1, X 2, X n in that not in that order. You may assume that X is inside X i Y equal to 1, 2, 3 up to K and not in other X i's for i bigger than K. If it happens that it is inside all of the X i's it does not matter. It must be in one of them after all.  So it must be inside 1 of 3. So some of them will be there. This part is non-empty. This part may be empty but it does not matter. So now we put V equal to our U whatever you have chosen intersect with finitely many of these U i's. What are U i's? U i's are open subsets of X such that X i intersection U i is a given open set. That is what A i's. X also must belong to all these U i's for i 1, 2 up to K. That follows. That follows. No, no that follows. You see what is that A intersection X i, it is an element of A first of all. If it is inside U i also. X is not in U i. X is in X i only. No, no. X must be inside U i. The ones which are in U i, if it is in X i and A, it will be in U i. This is equality. Yes. Make it U i and X i or whichever way. It is same thing. Correct. Thank you. Okay. So first of all it must be there. This X 1 X 2 X K is at least greater than or equal to 1. That is important. Otherwise this will be empty. You will not get any neighborhood.  K plus 1 to n. Throw away means what? You have to compliment. Compliments are open subsets because each X i is open. Each X i is close subset. So union is a close subset. The compliment is also open subset. That is why you are intersecting the tag. It is the same thing as that V is an open subset now. Since X is not here and X is here, X is here. X will be inside V and V is contained inside A now because what is A? A is a union of A intersects all these X 1 X 2. It is contained inside X 1 X 2 X n itself and it does not interact with this part but it will be inside this one. So this V will be inside A. So history for every X inside A so V A is open. A typical way coherent topology is used is the following namely patching up continuous functions which you have been using in analysis. In one variable calculus you usually use the other one namely a continuous function is given in first closed interval and in the second closed interval the two closed intervals intersect only at one point. There the function is just defined that's all but then automatically it will be continuous on the whole thing. Only the function should be defined properly means in the intersection the value should be the same. So there you are taking finite intersections of closed sets but usually if you have in arbitrary union of open sets then this is possible. This will be used only when you go to R2, R3 and Rn and so on in the I am talking about in analysis. In one variable analysis you don't meet this one quite often. X period topological space X is union of Xi's and the topology on X is coherent with the family of subspecies of Xi. Now I am not making any assumption whether Xi's are open or closed and so on. Those three examples were there disjointness, openness or closeness with local finance. Under these three we know it's coherent but suppose any family's coherent like this has coherent topology and so on then given any function X to Y, saturated function okay and Y is in a topological space. F is continuous if and only restricted to each Xi's continuous is one line proof. How do you prove our definition of continuity? Take an open subset of Y say U, F inverse of U must be open inside X. How do you prove X is open? Use coherent topology intersect with each Xi you show that it is open. What is the intersection of F inverse of U with Xi? It is nothing but F restricted to Xi take the function take inverse of that of U.  So we have coherent topology has a property that something is open if filled only with intersection with each Xi is open in X. Thus coherent topology provides a method of constructing continuous functions on the whole space from continuous functions given on each piece okay. So this is what you have to remember the actually three cases we have now I said both cases because disjoint union was introduced as a motivating example okay. So both cases discussed in the previous remark are instances where the above theorem is applied in constructing continuous functions. Even you can include disjointness of that is obvious anyway nobody mentions that one but that is the starting point of all this discussion. Now let us move to somewhat more general situation. Like XPS said which is written as union of substrates how many I do not know whether they close no open I do not know just union of Xi but each Xi has a topology to Y. Now you see what I have done coherent topology I start the topology on X. Here I am just given topology on each Xi that is all okay. Can we put a topology on X which is coherent with the collection Xi to Y. Remember I repeat this one what is the meaning of topology you must have topology on X then the given topologies to Y must be subspaces after that that coherent condition is there one more namely something is open in tau if and only intersection with each Xi is open in X you know open in Xi. So all these can we do there is no topology given on tau given on X can we find such a tau is a question okay. So this is a really like a fundamental question but it does not seem to have an if and only if answers okay but that is lucky actually it will give you we can have theorems wherein there will be useful theorems suppose this happens then this is true suppose it is happened then that kind of theorems are more useful than if and only if theorems quite often. So we can can we put this so we would like to have at least some partial solution of this problem if not for one okay here is one such there are two conditions here actually so I have clubbed them together so do not get afraid because it is going to be too much okay. So let us go through slowly most of the things are repeated here X is union of Xi each Xi is an topology okay so that much is under underlying hypothesis now assume that the following compatibility conditions are satisfied there are two conditions here each of them has two of them okay in the in the brackets there are another set of conditions that is like that. So for each pair ij Xi intersection Xj is open this one condition is openness you replace by close that is another set of conditions so you can call it as cc1 and cc1 prime if you like okay each pair ij Xi intersection Xj is open in both Xi and Xj so this is the first condition the second condition is for each pair ij the two topologies on Xi intersection Xj induced from Xi tau i and Xj tau j must be the same these two there are two topologies they are the same okay see Xi intersection Xj is subspace of Xi it is all subspace of Xj okay both of them if there is a topology on X they will be subspace of the same X then by the reflect by the transitivity condition we have proved automatically this would have been the same I want to put a topology on on X then this condition is a must so that is why I have put this condition you understand because of the transitivity of substituting subspace topology on the intersection you can come from Xj or Xi two different ways they must be the same okay right now there is no topology on X I do not have that one but if I want to put it this is a must so better start with this condition of course this condition may not guarantee so I have some more conditions also here first one okay so the conclusion is now there exists a unique topology tau on X which is coherent with the collection Xi tau i so answer is positive so it is characterized by the property that each Xi is open inside X or in the other part when you have taken closed it will be closed subspace of X so as I have told you the condition cc2 is a must but this one this one is not a must we do not want everything to be open or closed or something we just want them to be you know subspaces and coherent topology is all that why Xis are some spaces you want them to be subspaces of a common topological space in the very first case what was that distant union we had such a thing right so the other two cases I am taking if all of them are such that intersections are open in both of them or intersections are closed in both of them then it is possible so this is the next case that we have okay the proof is very easy the only statement is long all that I do is exactly same way I defined for the disjoint union I am going to define tau tau is all a containing side such that intersection with each Xi is inside tau i all right when you verified that tau is a topology when the case that they are disjoint that disjointness was never used for the verification it is just the phenomena that if a is written as union of intersections then it is the same thing as intersections of unions and so on that is what that is what you have to verify okay so this is topology is no problem the above definition of tau is forced on us by the condition of coherence because if if something is open here a intersection Xi okay must be inside tau i for every i that is the coherency okay so I have to put that and I have put that much only that is enough that is the point therefore the uniqueness follows the tau must be like this if it coherence okay what is required here is that the verification of tau is a topology which I have already done whatever condition verification condition is forced on us we have put just that much that gives you coherence automatically but why topology that comes much easier that is a general phenomena okay so sometimes easy proves will you will stun you so better spend a little more and half a minute more on that so that we are not making any obvious mistakes okay so you have this one there is two other things which I have to prove suppose each Xi is such that Xi intersection Xi is open inside both Xi and Xj then I have to show that Xi itself is open similarly for close but that is very easy again because to fix i I want to show that Xi is open right what is the coherency condition intersection with each Xj must be open in Xj j equal to i also allowed X intersection Xi is X i itself that is open X intersection Xj is open in Xj is the condition given in cc1 that is all similarly open you replace by closeness that will give you cc1 the close for the closeness okay the finally one more thing I have to share why the topology original topology tau i is the subspace topology the definition of subspace topology is what a subset is open if and only if it can be written as intersection with some open set in X with respect to Xi okay so how do you check this one look at the definition of tau itself okay what is tau take any tau take any member of tau a intersection Xi is inside Xi is a condition so when you restrict it it is already contain tau they are elements of tau i you have to show that there are no more elements in tau i right so take an open set inside tau i that means something belong to tau i then I might show that it is a intersection you know something where this a is coming from a a sorry a is a is an open subset of X all right so that is the converse part suppose a equal to the X i is open in Xi in the first case you have two two different cases separately in the first case we have shown that Xi is open a is open in Xi Xi is open in X so a is open in Xi okay so it follows that each tau i is contained inside tau restrict to Xi and conversely okay in the second case Xi is closed in X right take take demorgan law use complement Xi minus a is closed in Xi because I started the a open inside Xi so Xi minus a is closed in Xi and Xi is closed in X so this is closed in X therefore it is complement X minus Xi minus a right it is open in X but what is this set you have to see that this set is precisely a is equal to Xi intersection with this one this is a closed subset this is open subset now intersection with this one will be precisely this one Xi intersection a X minus Xi minus a okay he is purely sectarian thing a is a subset of Xi started so it is contained in Xi and it is contained inside this X minus X minus a you are throwing away and then throwing away Xi itself Xi minus a itself so a will come back okay only a will remain only a will remain is the point so this intersection is precisely equal to a if this is the case a belongs to tau of X tau restricted to X okay so that proves the coherency of this topology completely there are three conditions we have to verify what were there that each Xi a tau i is the subspace topology right whatsoever tau is a topology restricted to each Xi gives you the original topology tau i okay and then depending upon closeness and openness you have to show that each Xi is open or each Xi is closed two different cases so here is an example one of the useful examples in this situation is when X the disjoint unit itself okay then the necessary condition cc1 and cc2 are automatically satisfied so we have tau the coherent topology with respect to tau i in particular each Xi is both open and closed okay so i have already indicated i am just repeating this here here is the place wherein each Xi is both open and closed will come because intersections are all empty which are both open and closed okay so let us stop here today


Welcome everybody back to my channel. For those of you who are new around here, my name is Michael aka Dr. Chalini and I'm a board certified diagnostic and interventional radiologist in New Jersey. Now you may have seen me do a few reaction videos to some med students recently and that's because they keep popping up on my YouTube algorithm for you page or my front page of YouTube. The last few videos I've done have been about quitting med school and I thought I'd impart my wisdom in my old age, not that old by the way, but nonetheless I found some more day in the life of a med student videos that I thought would be fun to react to too because they keep popping up on my feed. On today's video we are going to be reacting to Faye Bate, link up here, who has a YouTube channel and is in medical school apparently in the UK. That's all I know so far. I have no idea what's in this video. Again, this may be a terrible video, but it may be good as well. So stay tuned. Let's go ahead and get into the video. Let's go. All right. First and foremost, we're gonna have to go over here to watch the video. So I have like a great time doing this. So hopefully you all like it. I don't know if it's me being nostalgic in med school, which I'm not really missing med school ever, but it's still kind of fun to go through and see what they're up to. So Faye Bate, hopefully I'm pronouncing that correctly or Faye Bate, I don't know. She is based out of the UK because it says based out of the UK University and we'll see what's going on in the UK in terms of med school. Also, while I get this set up, just go ahead and do a quick favor for me and that is to just smash that like and subscribe button, mostly the subscribe button with a little dash of like and it's free of charge. Just takes a second. All you got to do is move your hand up to the screen or swipe up and hit subscribe. So just go ahead and do that for me. Appreciate it. I'm very, very, very excited to be vlogging again this week. I'm on my second week of my I'm all about the zip cream on the face there. I'm down. I actually got to a really good routine with waking up. So it's currently six a.m. and I'm about to head to the gym. It's just my job. Let's go. Early morning workouts before class. Let's go. Let's go. I said good morning to my pride and joy, Mr. Delonghi and downed my pre-workout espresso. Pre-workout espresso. You know, I used to drink coffee before I went to the gym and then I started to do like the lightheaded. So now I just wake up and go straight there and then I have coffee afterwards. In a classic febate fashion, I was in a rush and grabbed my lunch. It is febate. Nailed it. Oh, you look how crinkled my shirt is. Are you not embarrassed? This is really embarrassing. PS, one of my biggest pet peeves. Not on other people but me is a wrinkled shirt. Like I get so even my scrubs like these are pretty freshly pressed but I will throw them in the dryer or whatnot before I put them on because they get all wrinkly. I hate that. Yes, all the time when we were like had our stuff in the library, we all had like our separate cubicles or separate areas of the library we would study in and then like the new year would roll around and like the new kids didn't know where everybody's spot was and they would just come and put their stuff around unlike your spot. Man, used to drive me crazy. Once again, I joined the Morning Mourned round checking in on heme patients all over the hospital. Then it was big, big smiles because I hadn't early finished. So I think what's happening here is she has hematology rounds. That's like her rotation she's on right now in med school and she goes in that and then she does the other daily stuff on top of that. I think I got ahold of this. Consulting is actually really, really, really kindly. Let me have the afternoon off to prepare for my presentation tomorrow. Now, obviously it's not really an afternoon off. I've got a lot to do. Name something better in med school than when you're attending physician that lets you go early. I'll wait. There's nothing. Nothing is better than that. It's the best thing ever. Unless you have like a project or presentation to work on, then it kind of sucks. Now I have to do this presentation on a drug that's going to be approved for use for sickle cell. Now, I don't know if I've said much about this presentation, but essentially the junior doctors were all too busy. So it got given to me. I can't even pronounce. That's such a classic move there. So like, I think she's saying is basically the residents are busy and they would do the presentation. However, you might as well just pawn it off to the lowly med student and they will do it because at the end of the day, they need to impress the higher ups and look intelligent and smart because it helps them get into residency and didn't notice and get a letter of rec. Instead of the resident do it, it would be more beneficial if the med student does it. I used to say that all the time. After working hard in residency, the last you want to do is stay up all night and do a presentation. Trust me. Well, most people don't want to. Some people really liked it. Yesterday, the consultant came into the office and he told me that he'd invited the chief executive of the Sickle Cell Society along with all the hematologists in Essex to my presentation. I know what she's feeling because as a med student, you're not really like well versed in some of these medical terms and especially on these little nuanced things, like a new drug that's coming out.   So it's kind of stressful. Well, very stressful. I genuinely have spent the majority of the time picking which PowerPoint design to use. That sounds like me. I would do the same thing. I'm like, I want it to be perfect. And then I just don't read anything that's been most time on design when I haven't even done anything yet. And also that research paper back there with all those medical terms and abbreviations and drug abbreviations, all this up is bringing back bad memories for me. Guys, I'm going to attempt to make a protein iced coffee. Wait, I want to know how the presentation went. Sorry, I'm taking out my socks. I want to know how the presentation went. She didn't really get into that. I can finally give you a little bit of a debrief about the talk. I'm looking. Finally, she made it to put on the zit cream to give us the debrief. So, how did the talk go? I did get requested.  Like, I said, Oh, well, I don't need to explain what sickle cell is to a room hematologist. And like, it was very flat. I love it. I like the jokes. That's how you get through it. People need a sense of humor. If they don't laugh at that, then can't help them. That's the last 24 hours. I actually feel like it's the end of exam season. You know, you just kind of lost for something to do. You're still like really on edge and productive. After you spend so much time preparing a presentation and then finally presenting it, it's like you're like super stressed, super stressed, super stressed. And then it's just like a release and dump up endorphins.  And what I usually do is I usually have like a headache or something. And I'll just like sit down and relax on the couch. But everybody does it differently. Today, I spent time on the chemotherapy unit where patients receive treatment for not only cancer, but other conditions that use chemotherapy as part of their management like lupus. So she's doing a lot of hematology, oncology stuff, which is cool. I wish she could show the hospital, but I know it's hard for med students. It was hard for me to even do a residency. So I can imagine in med school, it's even harder. I popped all my groceries away before the cavalry arrived for a wild Thursday night of fajitas and friendships. Did she say fajitas? Fajitas? Not fajitas? Fajitas? I hope that's a joke. See, this is what I miss about med school. You like do your exams, you do a bit of presentation, even like your third and fourth year of med school when you're in the hospital doing rotations and you have so much time afterwards to just hang out with your friends. I had a whole house together with my best friends in med school who are still my best friends to this day. And we would come home and just do the craziest, weirdest stuff because we had so much time and I miss those days. Now I work hard, come home and make YouTube videos and go to sleep early. What a 90 degree turn my life has taken.  Just kidding, I love my life. That's the best possible scenario. Patience is discharged, she was delirious, or here she was delirious and now you can go find a better one and do a thorough history on. All right, so that basically sums up this vlog. I'm not going to go too crazy with the details of like her day to day making food and like all that stuff, but I can honestly say that was the very first medical school UK edition vlog I've ever watched. So shout out to Faye Bate for making this video and thanks, she probably doesn't know I'm reacting to it, but thanks for bringing us in on this video. If you have people that you follow in the medical space and you want me to react to one of their days in the life, let me know in the comments below and we'll see if we can make it happen. As always, make sure you smash that subscribe button. I can't even talk. Make sure you smash that like and subscribe button please. Follow me on TikTok and Instagram if you don't already and I'll see you all on the next video. Bye.


Tlo, what's up? We are on twitch. We are not live until a little bit later, but you can leave a like comment subscribe to your turn on your post Notification bells. Let's continue to grow the family from Chicago to the UK Don't forget we do got the patreon We're about to do a patreon reaction in a minute. This is everything that's on there We actually about to watch only fools and horses actually to be very specific and we also got the This is the discord Come join the discord man Today we finally gonna get around and doing the reactions from the discord about time That's coming a little later though. Where am I looking at? Okay, how to make a British How to make tea the British way? This is from and go open. Yeah So 31 um I feel like Every time I make a cup of tea a Kappa as y'all would call it.  It's got two million views seven years ago I feel like she speaks for everybody when they're making tea right two million Want to know how to make a cup of tea the British way? Absolutely, can you please teach me? You're in luck. I've just put the kettle on yes In the previous episode of Anglaphenia We shared some of the moments in history that made tea an integral part of British culture now I'm not saying that Americans don't love tea you do just not as we Brits know it for star How you know I was American watching you know I'm saying cuz Brits know how to make tea already, right? 85% of tea enjoyed in America is iced in Britain. However, we need something a little That's a south thing Ice tea is a south thing Like I'm in Florida and the South tea is a real I mean in sweet tea is a real thing down here a little warmer and stronger to get us through those cloudy rainy Blustery and generally gray days Exactly. It's 90 degrees outside at 7 a.m. Here. So what I'm eating hot tea drinking hot tea for you So join me as I show you how to make a proper cup of tea the British way how to make the perfect cup of Britain Make a proper cup of tea the British way How to feel me this good this a good start the perfect copper Brits take making a cup of tea pretty seriously so much so that Scarefully seriously George Orwell even wrote an essay on how to make the perfect copper Recent research says that in order to make the perfect cup of tea You should use a freshly boiled water which in the UK usually comes from an electric kettle like this one and that you're Don't wait wait so when it from me right put water in a pot pot meat stove you feel me like Me personally, there's no difference between a kettle and a saucepan filled with water to a boil If you want to argue about it Let me know in the comments a tea should steep for around two to five minutes depending on personal preference depending on personal preference So what you you telling me the longer I leave this tea bag the longer I leave this tea bag in this water filled with water What does that do? Does it make it stronger or taste more or what? like Prove it Also, we put milk in our tea the milk in tea. So do we Eat conundrum milk first then tea or tea then milk with 98% of us drinking our tea with milk This is a pretty crucial point and a question that has troubled our nation for a really long time But don't panic Scientists at University College London have finally worked it out Scientists at University London are all in on this Don't I gotta discover like cures for cancer or something y'all out here They say that tea made in a cup should have the milk added after the water so that it doesn't interfere with the brewing process That's too much milk. I think that's too much milk. Look look black coffee up should have the milk added after the water So that it now it's way So y'all telling me she's speaking for the hell in the Britain and this is what she's making Look man if I was on tic-tac and I made the same cup of tea the comments will eat me alive Doesn't interfere with the brewing process, but if the tea is made in a pot then the milk should be added first Finally, I've had so many yo To that tea is too light And if you put your milk inside your cup first then pour your tea in your hot water You're going to jail buddy. You're going to HMP Lipton tea You're going to HMP Yorkshire tea like no, that's terrible sleepless nights over that one Which reminds me what's your favorite cup of tea? Whilst green and herbal teas have seen a recent rise in popularity in the UK and some of us like myself prefer a cup of Earl Grey you should usually expect to be offered a cup of English breakfast tea Which is a blend of black teas and remains the most popular We're also rather smitten with tea bags when making tea at home Although you will find loose leaf tea served in restaurants and hotels Making a cup of tea isn't as simple as you'd think and you should be prepared to answer some of the following questions Do you like a builders brew that's extra strong tea with milk and sugar? It's called this because it's how all builders and tradesmen in fact anybody doing anything to your house takes their tea Maybe don't offer one to the burglar though Maybe you're a white without kind of chap mean milk, but no sugar. I'm about to say wait a minute now What do you mean by that? Do you prefer your tea loose leaf or in a tea bag? dunking Dunking is the art of dipping a biscuit, which is what we call a less sweet cookie like see this I have a lot of trouble with this, you know, I'm saying people always, you know ridicule me for my dunking time You don't get too much. I'm yelling at the screen You know I'm saying I Was waiting for it to break so y'all just be waiting on my downfall when I dunk my cookies and whatnot This on tiktok y'all y'all tiktok link down below It's videos on there y'all can go see man. I know y'all be weird about tiktok This one into your tea recent research has found that the best dunking biscuit is a rich tea biscuit And that the chocolate ones are even better personally I love a digestive biscuit and yes, I do do biscuit I Got I got a milk chocolate one and I did the dark chocolate one on tiktok Wait, she said a rich tea biscuit What y'all not gonna do is act like I like I don't deserve Yeah, I'm not gonna do is act like I don't deserve dual citizenship Like this what she's talking about. This is rich tea delights from McVettie's Be prepared man. Despite the off-putting name. These are actually really rather delicious and they are for dunking That ain't long enough. Ain't no way Ain't no way I'm gonna get make a cup of tea Grab a cookie and dip it like this and didn't go like this I gotta Keep it sturdy. Keep it sturdy. Get up underneath it. You know what I'm saying? So if it do break it break in my mouth pause You get me delicious and brilliant for dunking I need to know y'all comments on her tea her tea is way too light Like I make a better I'm gonna make a video. That is so good And trust me American cookies don't work in this scenario. They literally crumble under the heat So don't even go there Whether it's black green or herbal Why you got to bring American cookies down to uplift UK cookie? You know what I'm saying? loose leaf or in a tea bag hot or iced with milk or without Three sugars or none. I think we can all agree that the best cup of tea is when it's made by someone else Oh, thank you For me We'd love to know how you take your tea. Let us know in the comments or tweet at anglophenia And remember you can like our facebook page too. Now. Why don't you put the kettle on and enjoy some more? I I feel like I need to read the comments to this, you know, I'm saying like let's let's see a couple comments Yeah, I realized the Scientists at the university had figured out whether it's a tea first or milk first I feel like the most British debate to be honest. Okay, true So don't even go there You have to both nobody's talking about the the color of her tea is that so am I doing it wrong? Tia lily would like comments this guy turning up post them though. I thought I was doing it right


Sssssmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm Nice shrunk! Hello, here is part 6 of this series that goes over some fan-made improvement patches for Super Nintendo games, to give an example of what an improvement patch actually is, there's a bunch out there that help fix the notorious slowdown that was so prevalent in early Super Nintendo games, and that covers everything from Super Ghouls N Ghosts to Super R-type to Star Fox. There's also simple quality-of-life improvement patches, Like in the last video, I mentioned a patch that actually allows you to save your game in Jurassic Park. Imagine that! I mean, some people even make patches for something as simple as changing the colors of the buttons on a Super Nintendo controller in a Star Fox menu screen. Alright, that's cool, I guess. To get these to work, follow the link for each patch in the video description, download the file, and use a utility program to join together the patch file with the game ROM. Each patch comes with a readme that should help guide you to make sure that they work correctly. I gotta start with one of the coolest stories involving retro gaming in the last while. A couple months ago, unlisted cheats on Twitter somehow uncovered a way to unlock a two-player mode in Super Punch Out. Yes, that's right, one player can play as Anime Jim McMahon here, while player two can pick from any of the fighters on the Super Circuit. It is really cool. The way to access this is through a series of button inputs on the second-player controller, but now there's a patch that simplifies things a bit, where all you gotta do on the second controller is just hold start and then press start on the first controller, and you do the same thing again once you reach the opponent info screen. It's seriously a blast to try out each character and to actually be on the other side of a Punch Out game. It's also comical how absurdly overpowered some of these guys are, just two hits, and Anime Jim McMahon is out like a light. This one is definitely worth checking out if you haven't already, especially if you're into Super Punch Out, thanks to Dock Row for putting this one together. Next, we got Chrono Trigger Plus, made by the Great Ben and Maul Ron, and now, sadly, the title Chrono Trigger Plus is not actually a streaming service. Instead, it's a patch that adds a ton of cut content back into the game and allows you to explore areas that were previously not able to be accessed, like you can wander around in 1999 and look for Savage Garden or something. Yeah, there's not a whole lot to do here, but as someone that's put in a gazillion hours into this game, it's a fun novelty at least. There's also a few balance tweaks here, and there's other stuff like how certain triple techs no longer require an accessory, so you can keep that slot open for something else.  Just real simple stuff like that, nothing too major. I like this hack because it almost feels like having a no-clipping mode where you can go almost anywhere, kinda like ID, clip, and doom.  Of course, there's always tons of Final Fantasy patches to sort through. This one is for Final Fantasy IV, titled Free Enterprise, and it opens up the entire Final Fantasy IV universe all at once. You start with an airship, and you can complete any number of quests in any order. This is also a randomizer patch where you can upload a ROM to the site I have listed in the video description, and it allows items, characters, and shops, among other things, to be put in random spots with the ability to customize all sorts of different things, like if you want to turn off random encounters entirely, or if you want to start the game with a specific party, or if you just want to be a crazy person and have every treasure chest be empty and have shops sell nothing but cabins. If you're one of those folks that's put in a gazillion hours into Final Fantasy IV in any carnation, then you're really gonna enjoy this one. It's a huge, ongoing community effort that even has its own wiki, so check it out. Final Fantasy V now has a patch that was just created a few weeks ago thanks to a huge team effort of about 15 people, and it's titled Final Fantasy V Tweaks. It combines the most recent iteration of the English translation, along with the ability to sprint on the world map, there's some better equipment for certain jobs to make them a little more useful, and there's fixes like learning blue magic without actually having to equip the learn ability. This is really just a huge compilation of tiny tweaks and fixes, like to the menu and item names, the readme file lists a gigantic list of stuff that goes into this patch, and as far as I can tell, it's all sensibly done and doesn't take away from the core gameplay experience whatsoever. This is one of those patches where if you want to play Final Fantasy V today, you should do so with this patch. Here's two patches for Mega Man X. One is called Mega Man X Hard Type, and one is Mega Man X Soft Type. Both are kind of self-explanatory. Hard Type redesigns the levels and rebalances things a bit, so enemies take more hit points, even with boss weapons, but if you're not into that, there's also Soft Type, which despite the name, is a bit of an in-between difficulty between vanilla and Hard Type. Either way, you play this one with both patches. The enemy AI has been adjusted, both for regular enemies and for bosses. Ammo for boss weapons has been reduced a bit, so you have to be smarter about when to use it, and enemies have had their HP rebalanced as well. I'm one of those weirdos that's played Mega Man X about a million times, so playing with a patch that scales the difficulty like this is pretty cool, and it makes you approach the game a different way, so I really appreciate patches like this. This is an interesting one for the death and return of Superman. We're used to seeing patches that increase difficulty, patches that were made for players that have put thousands of hours into certain games, and wanted more of a challenge. Well, this person named Nintenja decided to go in the opposite direction. This patch is called Resurrection, and it gives Superman infinite lives, invulnerability, and an unlimited number of special moves. In other words, it's a more quote-unquote realistic depiction of Superman kicking the crap out of these flunkies, instead of actually taking damage from them. I mean, c'mon, he's Superman! How would any of these nobodies even land a single punch? This patch lets you do typical Superman stuff instead of worrying about health and enemies surrounding you and not being able to do a special move. Here, you just crush everything that moves without breaking a sweat like you're using a Game Genie code. Yeah, some people might find this one kind of boring, but I appreciate seeing something a bit different like this. Even games like The Adventures of Kid Cleats, also known as Soccer Kid, games like that are getting improvement patches, too. I made a video about this game back in August of 2022, and I pointed out that the camera was a bit of a problem. It's just way too shifty to the point that it can make some people nauseous, and at the very least, it's just plain annoying. Well, fast forward a few days, and boom! Someone named Maxwell Olinda managed to create a patch that actually fixes the camera issues, centering your character and not having your viewpoint bounce from side to side when you change direction. And what do you know? It makes the game much more palatable.  But still, it's nice to see that sometimes certain annoying flaws can be easily fixed, and it allows you to look at a game differently, so I appreciate that. One of the better turn-based RPGs that never left Japan is a game called G.O.D., Growth or De-Evolution. It's a strange story that's well told, and it includes real-life locations and real historical figures who helped the main character fight some aliens. I swear this game will get its own video someday, but in the meantime, I do want to mention an Easy Mode patch made by M-Team, and it works with the English translation patch as well. Easy Mode cuts down on grinding, so you're not getting into a random battle every two seconds, and it also doubles the experience and gold that enemies drop, just to streamline the whole experience so you can get to more of the story without having to slog through the same battles over and over again. Some of these JRPGs can be a bit of a serious ask considering how long they are, and the grind in a lot of these games can push some people away, but with Easy Mode, however, you got no excuse. You gotta check out Growth or De-Evolution, and that includes myself since I'm only a couple hours into it, but so far so good. It's a good time. Finally, there's the Goemon series. One really cool thing about these games is that they usually feature another entire game within itself, like how the first game enables you to play Gradius at the fair. In the fourth game, Gunbury Goemon IV, which never left Japan, there's a version of Time Pilot you can play. It's an old arcade game from 1982, and it's a pretty simple multi-directional shooter, but in Gunbury Goemon IV, you have to complete the game 100% to unlock it. No more since there's now a patch that makes Time Pilot a standalone game. The game itself really isn't anything that special. It's still just a bare bones Super Nintendo version of an arcade game, but it's pretty dang cool how a standalone game was buried in an unlocalized title from 25 years ago, and it's now finally been unearthed to play on its own. All right, that's all I got for now. I wanna thank you for watching, and I hope you have a great rest of your day.


Good morning. Are you having any pain? Yeah One a escort is a zero because he was alert and answered my questions. Can you tell me what the month is? And can you tell me how old you are? Ashes 1b was scored as a 2 because this patient answered both questions incorrectly Can you close your eyes? Good now open your eyes Can you open your eyes? Good, okay. I'm just gonna get your arm here. Can you give me a big squeeze here? Good and let go Can you let go? Very good 1c would be scored as a zero because he was both able to open and close his fist as well as open and close his eyes Okay, I'm gonna check how your eyes are moving now. Okay. Can you look right at me? Can you use your eyes to look at me? Good. Just follow my eyes.  Just look right at me. Follow me. See me? Look right at my face Follow me. Follow me all the way over here Follow me all the way to the left your right side all the way over here. You follow me all the way over here That's it. Very good. Very good 2 was scored as a zero because he was able to look to extremes of gaze horizontally Can you look right at my nose? Look right at my nose. I'm gonna be testing your peripheral vision. How many fingers do you see? Three Okay, you look right at my nose How many fingers do you see? Okay, try to concentrate right on my nose. How many fingers? You're doing just fine. Look right at my nose. You see any fingers? How many fingers do you see? Two Okay, right at my nose. How many fingers? Three Okay, how many fingers do you see? How many fingers do you see? Look right at my nose. See any fingers? How many do you see? Okay Look right at my nose. Keep looking at my nose. Keep looking right at my nose Okay, I'm gonna try the other eye, okay? Okay, look right at my nose Look right at my nose Three was scored as a zero because he was able to blink to thread in all four visual quadrants This patient demonstrates the difficulty of testing visual fields and in a phasic patient.  Okay, good Four is scored as a two because he shows a clear-cut upper motor neuron facial weakness Can you lift up this arm off the bed? Hold it up here. Just really extend it out there. Good. We're gonna do this for the count of ten, okay? one two three four five six seven eight nine Ten Okay, you can relax that one down Five a was scored as a two because the patient's arm eventually hit the bed. I'm gonna extend this arm straight out Try your best. That's it. Excellent. Just hold it there for a count of ten. Okay, hold it right up there one two three four five six seven eight nine Ten Good, relax that hand down five B is scored as a one Now I want you to lift up your left leg. I'm just gonna help you here a little bit Okay, I'm just gonna hold it for the count of five. Okay I'm gonna let go one two Okay Can you move your left leg? Six a was scored as a three. This was not scored as a four because some movement was possible Okay, I'm gonna help you lifting this up. Lift it up in the air and try to hold it here the best you can. Okay One two Now let's try the right leg Six B was also scored as a three This was not scored as a four because some proximal movement was possible. Can you touch my finger here? Can you try to touch my finger? That's it. Excellent. Now touch your nose.  That's it. Come and touch my finger. Okay, let's try the other arm. Okay, you can relax this one You try with this one.  You touch my finger here?  Good good try and touch my finger. That's it.  Okay, we'll try the other side.  Seven was scored as a zero. Even though this patient is weak, he scored a zero because no a tax he was demonstrated Okay, I'm just gonna see if you can feel this sensation here Let's try the other side. Okay I'm gonna try on the foot here. Okay Eight was scored as a zero because he withdrew from painful stimuli on both sides I'm gonna put on your glasses here so that you can see Can you describe what's going on in this picture? I'll try this one. Can you name this? What is this? Since you're having some problems naming these verbally, let's see if you can do any writing here I'm gonna give you this pen. Can you hold on to the pen? And here we have a piece of paper to write with Can you write what what this object is here? Can you tell me by writing what this is? Nine is scored as a two Three is a reserve for patients who are mute and unable to follow single-step commands Can you read this?  And tell me if I'm touching on the right side the left side or both. Okay. Can you feel me touching you? Yes Is it the right side or the left side or both? Okay, you can open your eyes Eleven is scored as a zero despite his aphasia. He was able to attend to both sides This patient's total NIH stroke scale score is a 17


Hi everybody, Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com doing a random number block randomized for the Pistons, Cavs, Warriors, and Thunder, a good set of teams here. And if you bought a spot straight up, you have a chance at an extra spot. And this is how those number blocks work if you're curious. So big thanks to Chad, Paul, and Carl. You got a one in three chance at an extra spot. They'll be a different dice roll for the names and numbers randomizer. For this, seven times, two out of five, one in three chance. One, two, three, four, five, six, and seventh and final time. Good luck, Paul. Congrats to you. After seven times, an extra spot going your way. Now we can do the main randomizer here. You dice, new list, and there are the numbers. Good luck. Remember, zero gets any and all redemptions. Six and two, eight times just for those handful of teams. Six and two, eight times for names and numbers. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, and eighth and final time. Eight, we got Justin Bishop down to Chad B. Six into two, eight times for the numbers. One, two, three, four, five, six, eighth and final time. After eight, we got one down to six. All right, so we don't need this list anymore. All right, Justin with one, Logan with zero. So Logan, any and all redemptions for those four teams down there in that tab, including one of one redemptions. Justin, you'll still get live one of ones. We'll have Carl with eight, Paul with nine, Michael with two, Carl with seven and three, Paul with four, and Chad with six. Let's sort by a number. And again, coming up in the next video will be the break itself. Just ask me at casebreaks.com. Bye-bye.