Hi y'all, I'm Cammie Chaos.  It's really lovely to see you all. I Want to thank the organizers and all of you for having me here. What I'm talking about today is super important to me It is in fact so important to me that I think it needs to be important to all of you and everyone else But for a number of reasons it seems to fall through the cracks more often than not and that is DEI and B But before I do that I want to tell you just a little bit about myself because I genuinely do like to know a little bit more about person He's about to talk at me for 20 minutes. So My name is Cammie Chaos as I said, I'm from Portland, Oregon. I'm a mother. I'm a daughter. I'm a partner I am a cat guardian to an amazing elderly kitty And I'm also the person who leads the DEI cross team in talent at automatic Which is why I'm here to talk to you about divest diversity equity inclusion and belonging But first I'd like to start with a land acknowledgement today I honor the indigenous people whose traditional and ancestral homelands I stand on the kumya from millennia the kumya people have been a part of this land The land has nourished healed protected and embraced them for many generations in a relationship of balance and harmony as Visitors to and members of the San Diego San Diego community. We acknowledge this legacy For those of you at home and for those of you who might like more information on this when you're at your homes If you're interested in learning more about the land on which you reside, please go to native-land.ca All right as I've acknowledged this is awkward for me Those of you who know me know that I want everyone to feel as comfortable and safe as possible I've spent most of the last decade trying to create safe spaces comfortable spaces for people here within the WordPress community and Sometimes I did an amazing job. I'm not even going to pretend I didn't and sometimes I did not do a great job And when I didn't do a great job, I made a point of working hard to do better But sometimes even better didn't feel like it was enough and sometimes not doing a great job Was because I like to feel comfortable and I like to make others feel comfortable But it turns out that just letting some people sit in their own comfort Leaves a lot of other people on the outside looking in Feeling excluded feeling unwelcome feeling unrepresented and feeling othered and feeling uncomfortable, which is What I want to avoid in the first place, right? So I would like to point out to you that if you are not being intentionally Inclusive you are being unintentionally exclusive So if you only take one single thing away from my talk today, please let it be the DEI be work Belongs to everyone it is not just work for underrepresented and marginalized people in most cases people from marginalized groups are the ones who are doing all of the work and that is because if we don't do that work That work is going never to get done So as an example as a woman Which is a single part of my identity not the whole of it when I do the work of promoting feminism and fighting sexism I'm doing it in large part because I've lived in a world that has treated women like second-class citizens my entire life I have been the only woman sitting at a table. I have been the only woman at a conference I have been the only woman on a panel And it's not something that I have relished Sometimes I wanted to stay home and stay quiet and not be a part of this giant machine that doesn't seem to understand me But I showed up anyway so that even one other woman who showed up or one person from a marginalized group that showed up Would know that they weren't the only other so This part is specifically for you folks who sound like look like present like those who have built this system that we live in I want you to hear today that DEI be is your job It's your job to you need to do the work if we really want to make this community a better place I'm used to hearing from people in positions of power and privilege that they do not feel comfortable Engaging in DEI work and I understand because I don't feel comfortable Engaging in DEI work either So as we dive into the rest of this talk, please hear That the work of building a more diverse Inclusive equitable community where everyone can feel a sense of belonging Especially is the work of those especially With privilege and it's never going to feel comfortable for you Now I'm going to zip through the rest of my talk as quickly as I can without talking too fast I hope because the part of this that I really enjoy the most is Discussion and I don't feel like DEI should be done from a soapbox. I feel like it should be a comfort a few So some definitions diversity is highlighted when the differences in a group of people The opposite of a diverse group is a homogenous group So when we talk about diversity in this context, we meet people with different lived experiences From a range of different social and ethnic backgrounds and of different races genders sexual orientations religions casts education levels income partner status just to name a few pieces and I would be remiss if I didn't include another very important part of the diversity puzzle, which is disability disability is often overlooked and Diversity I want to call this out specifically There is no diversity without disability and accessibility in this case We're looking at diversity as the differences within a group of people a single person me myself I'm a single person I cannot be diverse from myself because I'm just me There are two e-words that are often used interchangeably here and they are not interchangeable we've got equity and equality They're not the same thing when we talk about DEI. We're specifically talking about equity Equality means each individual or group of people is given the same resources or opportunities Equity recognizes that each person has different circumstances and different needs and sometimes different Resources need to be allocated to meet those needs and to give people opportunities for an equal outcome So I'd like you to imagine we're standing near a park and We're looking at two kids and there's a fence and one of the kids can see over the fence You can see their whole face and the other kid is down by the fence and he's just He's down. He he can't see anything at all mmm Next to them are two crates now if we wanted To have equality we would get each those two kids one of those crates and they could stand on them And then the taller kid would still be able to see over the fence and watch the ball game and the shorter kid Well, I hate to tell you but they're still I level with the fence So equity is if we give both of those boxes to the shorter kid because then guess who can see over the fence Does that make sense? Inclusion is the action or state of including or being included with a group or a structure It doesn't necessarily reference how the person feels when they're being included. It's kind or fair It just speaks to someone being included We need to make sure that it is more than that It's about making a place that works for others based on their needs and their lived experiences Not just on the lived experiences of the people who created the situation And then sometimes we tack the letter B on to the end of DE and I and I've told you that I make silly mistakes The first time I saw a DE IB conference. I Assumed that it was DEI in business and I was like, oh, yes, that's for me. I'm in business. I did DEI fantastic But I googled it and I started to learn more and now I understand that it Speaks to belonging and making space where people are able to bring their whole authentic selves To their community to their work to their roles and ensuring that they feel welcome accepted and valued and in another quick comparison If you want someone to feel like they belong you don't ask them to make themselves at home in your Awkward space to them you find out what you can do to make it feel more like a home to them Okay now that I have played the part of the DE IB dictionary and we have defined some basic terms So we're on the same page. I'm going to tell you that to some people this stuff just doesn't matter They have reasons and they think that they are sound and they make sense to them And they go along in business the way that they have always got along in their lives with a homogenous group of like-minded individuals and I have heard people complain that this is business. It's not a family It's not a support group and that business is survival of the fittest Something well, they should just work a little bit harder for it, but that is not how equity works, right? So when you ask me why DEI is important my first and visceral reaction is to tell you that it is the right thing to do But as a person I already shared that I want people to feel welcome and included and comfortable It goes beyond that. I want people to feel safe and wanted and welcome. I want them to feel seen I want them to feel heard and to know that their input matters Our communities are made better spaces For the wealth of diversity that we can welcome and I will do whatever is needed to make that happen so that I can make this space that we're all sharing of Sacer we can all be together and be our true selves, but that's feelings not business So let me tell you the business side of it in this case The right thing to do is also the smart business move to do when you have one person you have a single perspective And you have their skill set and you have their life experience and everything that they bring to the table But one person is one person and they're going to build something for themselves. They're going to be Who's deeply involved in their lives and that's what it's going to work for when you bring in a second person Do you want? Another person who's just like the first person. Do you want that same skill set? Do you want that same life experience? I Would prefer someone with a different life experience with different training with different knowledge with different skills Not someone who's learned all the same things and it has been proven that more diverse and inclusive teams are more Innovative and build better products a homogenous group of people will most often Reinforce their own experiences and expectations and it just becomes an echo chamber So back to the beginning when I'm saying if you're a person in place of Don't ask other humans particularly underrepresented or marginalized individuals to do this work for you. It's your job That's asking them to do emotional layer labor and So if someone says something that comes off as sexist racist ableist and a marginalized individual calls them out on it the person who has said the thing Should apologize sincerely They should then research how they can do better and Move along don't ask the person who called you out on it to teach you to be a better person Everyone will be super-duper glad that you want to be a feminist or anti-racist or an LGBTQIA Ally or someone who promotes accessibility, but it's not their job to tell you I know that this is challenging. This has been a journey and a struggle for me as well If there's a person with privilege in a dominant culture, which I am you think that this is challenging for you Marginalized people which I also am Have spent every moment of their life being part of a marginalized group. That's their lived experience Now there's an exception to don't ask them You can't just ask someone to do it like don't tweet something that's racist when someone calls you out on it Says it's racist turn around and ask the person why it's racist. It's not okay You've the internet you can Google it But you can and you should pay experts from ice groups for their expertise and advice as a woman I don't wake up in the morning Not living in a patriarchal society on some days So I'm tired of fighting for women's equity and equality. I don't want to fight for my rights I just want someone hand me like the best gluten-free chocolate chip cookie that has ever existed and tell me that for now on I'm going to be paid the same as my straight white male counterparts Yeah, I Want to hear that from this moment forward people will not interrupt me when I'm speaking in meetings and oh By the way, the brilliant idea that I shared 10 minutes ago that someone just rephrased Will be credited to me and not the person who just repeated back what I said I don't want to help men fix a systemic problem with sexism Because I've spent my entire life dealing with the emotional damage that it's caused It's the same for every person who's member of a marginalized group, but potentially 10,000 times worse Because we haven't even talked about intersectionality yet But you can have privilege and be part of a marginalized group. You can have privilege and be part of many marginalized groups We don't have one single identifying trait as a human that makes us who we are We're all built up of different parts and pieces of our identities So I'm going to repeat to you what I tell my daughter when she asks me a question that she could easily find the answer to herself Google it When I was a kid it was what does this word mean or how do I spell it and my parents version of it was you know We have a dictionary Google has way more information than the dictionary did We have vast resources at our fingertips most days So if you're not sure of something if you don't know what something means if you're concerned that something that you are saying or doing is or could be perceived as racist sexist classist ableist exclusionary Whatever it is do the research look it up and see what you can find out online. There are also these things called books We have them both in digital and like tree format And there are a lot of them out there there are essays there are blog posts. There's more information than you can shake a stick at I know that we all have a lot on our plate But this is something that really matters and the more people from power and privilege That work toward this the more that it's going to be seen as something that's valid and important So read an essay take a course read a book Take a training hire an expert and if you need someone to educate you be willing to pay them for their expertise This is not a comfortable space for most people the only people I've ever known who this is a truly comfortable space for our people who love disruption and I don't thrive on disruption. I should my last name is chaos But I don't I just want this to be The same level of comfort. I want everyone to be able to feel right so Before we move on it automatic we have employees in last I checked 93 countries around the world Dealing with localized diversity, which is what we usually talk about here in the United States is difficult enough But when we're talking about our community the WordPress community automatic Dealing with globalized diversity is exponentially more difficult because it's hard to exactly put your finger on what that looks like I know that on any given day at work or in my personal life or both I'm going to make a mistake, but I made a promise to myself and to others That when I mess up I'm gonna own it I'm gonna find a way to do better with every iteration that I work toward and I told you just recently not to just ask yourself or to ask someone go pay somebody But I have the opportunity here to answer some questions and to have a conversation with all of you Which is the part I was truly looking forward to so if you have questions I would absolutely love to hear them Tiffany here can bring a mic to you And if there are any questions from the live stream, I would love to include all of you as well If there's something that you don't feel comfortable asking or talking about I Understand we're lucky enough if we're lucky enough for this conversation to go long and there's not enough time Please feel free to reach out to me Twitter Instagram By email address at work, so Kami chaos pretty much everywhere and Let's open up a conversation You mentioned intersectionality. Can you define or explain what that means me that is I? Should have prepared for this one Good I just told her she could ask come on No, oh, yeah, I can Intersectionality are all the different disparate components of a person or a thing that make up the whole of them So when I talk about intersectionality with myself as an example, I'm a woman. I Did not go to college. I am a mother. I am a single mother. I Have a gluten allergy. I Have thyroid disease. I have high blood so I'm disabled as well as Being a woman, but I'm also white and I'm born in the United States and raised in California And I apparently have what they call newscasters speak Which is a whole level of privilege I never knew about till I was in speech therapy And so when we look at all those pieces, I consider myself to be a highly privileged person in some ways but in other ways I'm really really looked down upon and fall behind and marginalized and So each person needs to kind of look at themselves and pull together what it is that brings them together Whether it's their sexual orientation their race their gender their cast their education The people that they choose to associate with it all comes together to make the package that is you as a unique individual Does that? Yeah, okay. Thank you, and I I apologize. I do I need to repeat the question or we'd have her on the recording. I Believe the the microphone is being picked up for the live stream. Okay, fantastic. Oh And I should have Ali I should have had you say your name, but if you can tell us who you are I would love to to know who I'm talking to hi. I am Cassandra. Hi, and I Want to ask you what? Strategies you have used as a woman to ask for a raise. Oh I can only I Can only partially answer this question Every business is different the way that employment works is going to be unique to every company my best advice is When you go in for a new job Push the limit ask for as much We'll find out what your white male colleagues might be making and asked for more than they're being paid because It's kind of a fact in our current hiring system that most companies are more willing to spend more money on Retain hiring new employees and they aren't retaining them So I would say give yourself frequent self feedback Make sure that you log all of the good work you're doing have like a brag sheet for yourself And when you go to ask for a raise because you know you deserve it Bring all of that to the person and if they're like no, that's not possible The question I like to ask is how do we make it possible? I'm doing the work So that's not Something that I feel super self-confident with but that is what I have tried to do for myself Along the same lines of my name is Federico Along the same lines of that question What are some things we can do to I feel like the The salary situation Its birth is in the Cloud of not knowing when somebody else makes I Regardless of you know, yeah anything else So this what I'm about to share are I don't often say this these are my thoughts and feelings Not the thoughts and feelings of my employer I Believe that in order to have equity equality in Salary we need to have salary transparency. We need to know what everyone is making I Have a bunch of co-workers in the room right now and I could not tell you what any of them make none of them know what I make Okay, maybe I might be able to tell you what a couple of them make but not most of them And it's just something that is not transparent in in the company that I work for and I am starting to see more of it I like seeing job listings specifically that have their salary ranges on there I think that every company should have something at least accessible to the internal employees Even if it's not listed by name, but listed by title what everyone is making it It's there because it's the only way that we're ever going to be able to hold our Leadership accountable for the way that we are being not just paid but being given other compensation as well So yeah, I think the only solution is transparency and So fight for that people come on. Let's have some salary transparency Hi, I'm Ebony. Hi Ebony Can you tell us about an experience where you where you Had someone say something super racist or sexist to you and a privileged person. It was like no, that's not gonna happen I'm fortunate. So my partner is also in technology And he is a fierce.    How many of us have been told?  That is the one that I have seen shot down both by him and by a lot of other men that are in my sphere Please don't ask her to do that. That's inappropriate That's the one that comes to mind most readily The thing is is that there's that simple intervention, right?  How are you doing? Oh my gosh? Let's catch up. You don't have to know them as a woman if someone walks up to me when I'm being harassed and does that to me I'm like, oh girlfriend. Hello. I haven't seen you in ever and I'm gonna walk away with them I'm not teaching you how to kidnap people. Please don't do that if you're a bad person But we need to intervene more everyone needs to intervene more if you do not feel safe intervening I Feel like we have an obligation to do something if it's a dangerous situation Record it Ask someone for help. I'm not really I mean there are times at which you must follow police but sometimes that's also going to cause the situation to be inflamed and Escalate and we don't want that and you can also call people in if it's someone that you know That's doing the dad the bad thing you pull them aside and you say I didn't want to embarrass you. I know that's uncomfortable But this is a problem and this is why it's a problem this particular method I use particularly when I see An inappropriate language if I see someone say I was talking to a realtor and they have a house listed with a master bathroom and a master bedroom And I was like, oh, can we call it the primary please? I don't like that's not comfortable It's not appropriate and they were like, why isn't that appropriate? And I was like well slave culture for one I mean can can you just change your listings? It's not appropriate And that's a safe space to do that it but I I Personally prefer not to be on the internet. You can't do that. It's horrible. It is horrible. You can't do that I'm gonna tell you that privately And then from my own experience We have sabbaticals at automatic and I was preparing for my sabbatical And I was working on the community team at the time and I was handing off a lot of other work To my teammates so that I could enjoy my three months off and a person that I was working with was Upset that I was going to be leaving. He thought it was inappropriate that I was taking maternity leave at this time and Was upset and wanted to know exactly who he could be working with because I didn't have a name for him I was like just email this address. It's fine and I Wasn't pregnant. I wasn't going on parental leave. I was I had earned a sabbatical for working five years at a company It was part of my package and I Angry keyboard I wrote the most vicious angry response.  You should never make assumptions At it down at it down at it down walk away No, I went and had lunch. I think I took the afternoon off and came back in the evening I was not okay. And if someone had sent that to any other woman, I know I wouldn't have been okay My teammates had to jump in. I was like I need someone to edit this, please I am obviously having a lot of feelings. I don't want to be cruel to this person I want to take it as an opportunity to teach him but so in that case I had a lovely support system that gathered and Helped edit my piece until the only really angry thing was It is inappropriate to make assumptions about the reason that a woman or anyone else in this community is taking leave of absence So, I mean the best way to do it is with words and bravery and Education Anyway, I've won up here and we've got one right here. We've got one right. We've got people. Thank you for talking with me I've missed humans someone back here's with weight. It's fantastic. Thank you, Tiffany Oh Okay Hi, my name is Adrienne So just a quick background on the question before I ask it My company probably like a lot of other people's companies got really fired up about DEI right after the George Floyd murder And we started a committee we brought in consultants and then over the years from lack of I'd say Commitment from leadership not entirely their fault lots of business changes those sort of things that took their focus away the There just wasn't a lot that they just grew like less and less Enthusiasm around it and so the people on the committee sort of fizzled out and went to do other things and how would you recommend Working to try to build that culture from because it feels like it needs to come from the top down in terms of The support so how would you? Recommend trying to build that from the top down when you're not in the top You said the magic words we need to build DEI from the top down and in most places We are building it from the bottom up Especially when we have leadership that is a group a homogenous group of people they are going to look for Qualities in other leaders that match their own and so then we wind up with an even more homogenous group of leaders and Even if this is important to them On a theoretical basis, it's not something that's touching their everyday lives and so You need a strong advocate That is willing to talk to leadership and talk to leadership and talk to leadership and talk to leadership Until they get agreement or you need to have a really strong relationship with your HR Who will help you build ERG so that you can start to push the work to move forward? I don't think that that's the ideal solution because once again that's asking marginalized people to do the work But it is a path forward I think it's just something as much awareness as you can raise of the importance of DEI with Leadership is what you do I Wish everyone treated DEI the same way they treated revenue when we're making decisions We should be looking at what's best for the company as a whole Individual unit or the community as a whole unit and what's best for the community is for us to Diversify and to have more people from more background so that we have more voices and with WordPress specifically Truly build a more inclusive and better product So again a lot of the answers these questions are you have to you have to do the work and you have to recruit other people To do the work with you and you have to convince leadership. I feel like I'm like starting a union right now You have to convince leadership that that's the way to do it because No one else is going to you have to assume that you have to do this by yourself and I hate that I just said that Hi there. Hi. I'm Bri So the question I wanted to ask is as someone who is a part of marginalized groups and who also Works towards DEI initiatives There are often times when the the world seems to fight back at you. Oh, yeah, and That crushing weight of defeat Often gets to be a lot. So how do you? How do you deal with that? What are what are your coping mechanisms for? Feeling as if the world a lot of the world is fighting against you When we talked about intersectionality, I did not mention the part that I have crippling anxiety I've had anxiety my entire life since I was a very small child. I had my first panic attack when I was three years old and So self-care That's pretty important to me. I am well taken care of I have an incredibly supportive Community it takes a village to care for a cammy some of my villages right here being awesome And so I really prioritize self-care, but not self-care like go shopping get your nails done. Maybe that's it. I Like to get my nails done But you need to make time for yourself. We make time for everything else Intersectionality again as a mother my first priority is always my daughter Right. I love her to pieces She's always my main first priority, but in order for her to be my priority I have to focus on other things in order for work to be my priority I have to be a whole person.  I know that there's a lot of talk right now about silent quitting and that is complete crap We are paid to do the job that we are paid to do We're not paid to go the extra mile. They want us to go the extra mile Let's get some salary transparency and pay us more if we want to we might just want to just do the work We're doing and be respected and appreciated for it So set boundaries make sure that you are setting just as much time to take care of yourself As you are to taking care of anyone else Make sure that you are getting the mental health and emotional support that you need There's a huge shortest of therapists right now, but if you are engaged in DEI work I beg of you Please have a mental health professional to work with because you are going to be battered and this is that's just the fact of The battery it sucks and it's horrible But you're going to need emotional support So make sure you have a village and if you can reach out to like-minded people and make sure that you support them just as much as they support you because I find with some people being supportive of them is as Healing and beautiful for me as me being supported by someone else and Play with cats Oh She's been hand up for a little while and then you're next sir Hi, this is a question for you or anyone else who may have a good answer in the audience I'm a biracial lesbian who has so many times have people white people stray people dudes DM me on Twitter wanting me to help them through their journey of being a not racist sexist homophobic person and I Don't want to help them.  I'll help you But like I want to do something that is impactful in that moment. Here is somebody for you know, it may be Their intentions are Good Right, they want to be a better person. They may be doing it in an ignorant way They may be asking me for my time. I don't you know, we don't want to get what can I reply in that moment That is helpful, but not like expending of my like energy and time I would encourage you to write up like a how many of us use the auto complete things Like and I think we only have a few minutes left, right? A lot of us use the auto complete things or have copy and paste I would write up a Two-sentence statement that you can just copy and paste in to respond that Expresses that you are being asked to do emotional labor that is not appropriate But then unfortunately encourage them towards a resource that you find like just pick one resource and Send that that way I have seen people put that resource in their Twitter profiles and in their blog profiles and just say if you're going to ask me About this go here If you have a friend who does paid DEI consulting Pimp them out That was an inappropriate phrase. I should not have used let me apologize Thank you share their information and promote them within the community Apologies people see I will do better next time And I believe do we have time for one more question? Okay. We've got another question over here Did that help? Yeah Send them to Ali everybody. Do you have this problem? Send them to Ali, but they have to pay her Okay Hi, my name is David. Thank you for this amazing talk Thank you, David. I have a question look for your feedback or thoughts are there Suggestions that you have for ways to meaning meaningfully measure or quantify the level of DEI be in an organization so that someone somewhere doesn't check a box and say yeah, we did that Yes, yes, there is this there are First of all, we have to have the checkboxes, right? If we don't have the checkboxes We don't know if we're making Improvement the problem is is most of the time we check the box and we're like cool. I'm done with that now I did it. Hey, did you see that we got up to 25% women and 10% BIPOC individuals in our entire company. This is fantastic. That's not fantastic. That still sucks That's like the minimum right that you're supposed to reach and so I the best suggestion I can have is just like I was talking about if you're going to make a big decision for your company You're going to run it past your CFO, right? You're going to run it past your chief Marketing officer, you're going to run it past your chief technology officer Run it past your DEI specialist and say hey, what do we need to be doing here? but one of the things that makes this really challenging especially on an international scale is in order to make That progress and to be able to quantify it. We have to have demographic information and There are questions you can ask in some places and can't ask in other places It's different in every country. Sometimes it's different from state to state. So I would partner with a great Tool or company that specializes in that there are a few there's one that I'm starting to work with that I'm not going to share the name of because I'm not fully. I think they're going to be amazing, but I'm not sure yet But I would also encourage you to make sure you asking the right questions for the right reasons don't just gather a bunch of demographic information and then like squirrel it away because Then it why are you asking that? Why do you want to know my gender? Why do you want to know my pronouns if you want to know someone's pronouns because you want to make sure that they're being used? Give them the opportunity to share it. Don't make it mandatory If you want to know someone's marital status, why do you want to know their marital status? Is it's because you're going to be doing more are you giving insurance to everyone's partner and to everyone's children? Do you want to know how many women you have because you genuinely want to raise the number of women in your company and leadership? And then the other part I would say that's always true. We were talking Top-down we have to do it from the top-down as much as possible promote people from marginalized groups They're every bit as qualified Well, not every person is every bit as qualified But what I'm saying is just being a white man in our society seems to make people feel like they're more qualified And that's not the case. So that's the biggest one Make sure that you have diversity and leadership because when you have diversity and leadership Naturally, the rest of the company will start to fill in the blanks. I Think we're good because everyone can go to lunch and if I'll be up here for a few minutes if anyone wants to ask me anything, but thank you all so much for listening This is so important and I really appreciate you all


Yn y nogwn states y gwnod ap yr Ynod, rwy'n joined the artist to include service commanders, traditional rulers and members of the state executive council to celebrate the grand finale of the 2023 armed forces remembrance stay held at the arcade ground of the governor office interstate capital, the solemn events witness colorful parade by members of the armed force, the lane of red release of pigeons and the gun salute prayers for the following her words. yng Ngobro's Global Peace Unity, a national integration in Nigeria. Addreson journalist shortly after the programme, the governor Dapwabiadw called for more unity of powers and peace, but was quick to warn who troublemakers that along Am of the law will be visited of them, especially as the 2023 general election approaches. It is going to be tolerant of each other and let our citizens vote for that person or persons that can truly represent them as they deserve. Thank you very much and God bless. And as we prepare for the forthcoming elections, we will leave no stone unturned to ensure that we continue to promote peaceful coexistence, tolerance, inter-party tolerance, because it will lower the political temperature, and anyone found wanting of any attempt to run foul of the law irrespective of who they are, how highly placed they are. They will be dealt with to the fullest extent of the law. I hereby want our appearance to ensure that their kids are not used for any acts of violence or robbery as repair for the forthcoming elections. Let everybody go about peacefully, let them market themselves in their parties, let them be tolerant. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


While Mariah Carey has long owned a glamorous penthouse in Manhattan and rented a mega mansion at Bedford, New York during the pandemic, word is that she's bought herself some new real estate. Located in Atlanta, Georgia, Mariah's latest acquisition is a southern colonial-style mansion spending 13,000 square feet of space that once was leased by Dwayne The Rock Johnson. With all of its luxury features including a massive white marble kitchen, movie theater and much more, it's fit for a queen like Mimi. Hey guys, it's Cara the Vampire Slayer back with another exclusive house tour here on Famous Entertainment and this one, looking at Mariah Carey's new mansion and more. Don't forget to like, subscribe, and hit me up on Instagram to chat and now let's get into this video. Also, Michael and I have dropped our own house tour of our new home that we moved into this year, so go ahead and subscribe to our personal channel if you want to see where we're living and more of what we're up to. In these videos, we don't reveal any addresses and even though I've done a house tour of my own place, please do not show up at any private residences because it's not safe for anyone. In May 2022, it was reported that Mariah had been spending Easter at her newly purchased home in Atlanta, Georgia, where it is that the songstress purchased the home for $5.65 million in an off-market deal in late 2021 and it has some other celebrity history. It was leased by Dwayne The Rock Johnson a couple of years back. Not to mention during his stay, he single-handedly ripped the mansion's massive raw iron driveway gates right off their brick pillars after the power went out and he was trapped on the property while cast and crew waited for him on set. Anyways, the Southern Colonial style mansion is located in the posh and exclusive neighborhood of Sandy Springs in Atlanta situated on 4.2 acres of land with rolling lawns and trees for privacy. It also appears those front gates have been put back in place. Past the hulking gates, the grand property is fronted by an impressive driveway, stairs, and stately pillars before you walk in the door. Interiors offer over 12,500 square feet of space along with 9 bedrooms, 8 full baths, and 5 half baths. As you might expect, Mariah didn't move in without making some touches of her own and sprinkling her signature glitter about. She got rid of a ton of the over-the-top traditional wallpaper for a fresher look and added a pink and cream rug and glitzy pink chandelier in the double height entryway. Not to mention, Mimi decked her master suite out with a tufted velvet headboard. Despite the home being built in 1992, photos show that it's been transformed into a more contemporary space with a lot of bright white walls including in the main living room and the kitchen. The spacious living area offers high white ceilings, hardwood flooring, a fireplace, and a mounted TV along with sets of French doors out to the mansion's grounds. The massive kitchen is another highlight of Mariah's mansion with its white marble theme including a massive marble center island offering up bar-style seats for about 10 guests. Here, there's also top-of-the-line appliances and a couple of prep areas. Other features in her Sandy Springs mansion include a premium home movie theater and near-walled gym. Aside from her velvet headboard, Mimi's master suite also boasts a separate sitting area, fireplace, and French doors while the attached bathroom is spacious enough to include a vanity area, separate shower, and tub. Outside on the grounds, you'll find a swimming pool and pool house set in a private area amongst the trees as well as a roomy guest department with fireplace and elsewhere a children's playground. The grassy and rolling lawns in her property also have mature trees and greenery bordering all of it for extra seclusion. Of course, when Mariah is craving the hustle and bustle of the city, she can head over to her longtime Manhattan penthouse. She acquired this New York City property in 2000 for an unrequited amount, and it was done up to the nines by decorator Mardo Boada before it was featured in Architectural Digest. Mariah purchased her lavish penthouse triplex in the Franklin Tower, a 17-story condo redevelopment that used to be a bank back in the 30s. Mariah lives in the famed Tribeca neighborhood, and apparently the main penthouse alone cost her 5.5 million dollars. Then she went on to purchase the unit just below to combine them. While we don't know the exact amounts, it likely cost her about 10 million dollars, not including the renovations, and let's not forget, she bought these years ago. Mariah's mansion-sized penthouse boasts nearly 13,000 square feet of space for beds and 4.5 baths right in the heart of Manhattan. When the place was custom designed, there were influences of our deco, which the building's architecture also reflected. There are bronze limestone floors throughout, and an opulent chandelier in the entryway, while the living room doors are decked out in silver leaf. Back in the day, Mariah showed off her apartment for MTV Cribs, but she's definitely freshened things up since then. We also know that the singer loves her kitchen, as she likes to entertain and cook. Looking up her signature pasta sauce, Mimi can retreat to her master suite, which has stunning city views, and one of the most amazing closets ever. Her massive custom walk-in closet has room for any shoe, special outfit or bag that you could imagine, and Mariah loves to put it all on display. Other features of Mariah's penthouse include a home movie theater with an aquarium on one of the walls, and an under-the-sea vibe, as well as a spacious rooftop terrace that would have any New Yorker jealous. There's an entire seating area outside, as well as a hot tub overlooking city lights. Even when Mariah isn't purchasing homes, she even rents the most glamorous places. Take for instance during the pandemic when she rented out a crib for herself, her kids and her staff, located just about an hour outside of Manhattan and Bedford, New York. Located in an upscale gated enclave called Bedford Corners, this mansion last sold in 2021 for $4.8 million to a former Wall Street executive who spent a fortune turning the mansion into a high-tech heaven for the Uber wealthy. So we know the price tag to rent it would have been substantial. The home sat on over five acres of landscaped grounds with interiors boasting 10,500 square feet, six bedrooms, seven baths, four powder rooms and an elevator. Built in 2006, the stone-accented manor was decked out recently with all the state-of-the-art technology you could imagine, including a home automation system and a security system with over 20 cameras and a biometric keyless entry. Some of the grand living spaces here included the entryway with curving staircase, formal dining room and living room with shiny black marble fireplace and nook of windows. There was also a wood paneled library with light-up bookcases and fireplace with carved line heads, as well as a large sunny family room and gourmet kitchen. An extra basement level boasted a games room, media lounge with 900-gallon saltwater fish tank, light-filled home gym and of course a theater with a web bar. Aside from the glamorous and epic bedrooms, especially the master suite, the impressive feature is continued outside. There were heated stone terraces, an outdoor shower, fire pit, sports court, gardens and much more. No doubt though, the main attraction back here was the one-of-a-kind pool. The 90-foot long, a violin-shaped swimming pool cost reported $1 million to build, containing 50,000 gallons of water and covered in about half a million glass tiles with light-up fiber optic strands. The attached spa is part of the violin as the chin rests and the bow was made up of two koi ponds. Safe to say Mimi and her crew enjoyed their time living here. Well, now we've checked out the homes of Mariah Carey including her latest real estate purchase, her new home in Sandy Springs, Georgia. After seeing a few of her homes past and present, which was your favorite? Be sure to let me know down in the comments. Thanks for tuning in! Don't forget to hit that subscribe button if you haven't. Follow me on Instagram to chat and I'll see you all in another video. Bye!


Minister of Works David Umahi has called for objective monitoring of road and other infrastructure approaches by Nigerians. He says this is pivotal to the realization of renewed hope agenda being vigorously pursued by the administration of President Bola Tinimbu, GCFR. The minister said this in an interaction with state house correspondents shortly after paying a cuts to visit to the First Lady of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Senator Olure Mi Tinimbu in her office at the state house Abuja. The minister who described the decaying road infrastructure in the country is frightening said tackling the challenges on ground require courage. The former governor of Eboni state highlighted lack of effective supervision and dishonesty of contractors as some of the major challenges the federal government has to contend with. To what we have Mr. President to reset the country. So this is the decision and then we are also leveraging on the the contract we signed is 14 days we are going to give notice. I've had more than 10 different meetings with contractors where we discussed this we developed the design we've been developed the cost of doing concrete from the first principle how much is cement and the cement factories the dangote the board they have agreed to give special discount to our contractors who are going to engage on concrete roof pavement and many contractors are already doing it not all the contractors are in this gang up many contractors have come to sign addendum doing the road pavement those who are meeting are going to be losers and before them they will see that we we do the job and we will do it very well.


And this trade, as it pulled back, I was quickly identifying the opening print price, $8.64, roughly there, as a big support level. Because it popped above it right here, and it ran off of it. Same thing as the VWAP, right? Same, very similar. They worked together as a combined level. So on the CXAI, that's what happens. It ended up making its move once it ended up breaking off of the opening bill price there. Look at that. Technically, it was at $8.64. So it hit a low of $8.66. I ended up jumping in on this trade as it pulled right back under, or right down, and back up. I just had to take the entry. Because I felt confident with the VWAP there, too. I was like, all right, this has to be it here. If not, then I'll just take a quick exit, set a tight stop, and whatever. I could always get back in on the trade if it dumps off lower, and then breaks back up above the VWAP, and above the.


Save 10% with my code Bobby10 on raw, organic, grass-fed and grass-finished, freeze-dried organ meats from grassland nutrition. Link in the description box. All right guys, welcome back to the channel. If you're new, my name is Bobby, guys. Today we're going to react to Dr. Shabir Ali with his video, Should We Follow All Hadith? Every single time I make a video about Hadiths, I have Muslims, especially Muslims that have been born into Islam telling me, just accept the rendezvous. Would be awesome if it was that easy, but as I explained in detail previously, for me coming from Christianity and seeing the corruption within certain texts in Christianity, I have to be skeptical. If it was easy for me guys, I would have already reverted to Islam. I wouldn't further research if it was easy. That's the whole point of the channel here. You saw somebody born into Orthodox Christianity. From there on, I experienced other religions, Buddhism, Hinduism, Shamanism and what not. Just to then to come back to Orthodoxy and for the first time in my life, really analyze it and see what it is truly about. Research the Trinity, research the Church Fathers, research the Theotokos, so on and so forth. And when that endeavor failed as well, I started exploring Islam and this is why you see me now going in depth yet again. Truly wanting to understand if Islam is the truth. If you want somebody that simply says, Yes, an Amen, then go to another channel. You're not going to find it here. With no further ado, let's have a look. Welcome to Ladakh or Anne's Speak. I'm Aisha, your host. Let's continue our series on taking a balanced approach to Hadith. In today's episode, we'll explore the idea of validity in Hadith. If we say that Hadith are sayings of the Prophet, then shouldn't we, as followers of the Sunnah and of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, accept the Hadith as we find them? Is this a problematic approach? Let's sit down with Dr. Shabir Ali to guide us through this discussion. Welcome to the show, Dr. Shabir. Pleasure to be on. So when we discussed taking a balanced approach to Hadith recently, we talked about in our last segment, we talked about why we cannot reject Hadith altogether. So the flip side is, shouldn't we accept it altogether? So what's your take on that? Yes, so now on the flip side, we want to talk about why we cannot accept the Hadith uncritically. This has been the approach of Muslims all the way back to the inception of Islamic teachings. We find even within the lifetime of our Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, there was a man who went to a certain region and he told people that the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, gave me authority over you. And the story about this is that he wanted to marry a certain girl who was rejecting him. So by passing him off as acting on the Prophet's authority, he was setting himself up to, you know, propose and not be rejected. And that is really what I heard as well, that many people abused the power of Hadiths for their political interest. For example, every time they needed a specific ruling, they would refer to Prophet Muhammad that he truly said those things. Ultimately, though, they were forgeries. On the Prophet's authority, he was setting himself up to, you know, propose and not be rejected. And when this was reported to the Prophet, peace be upon him, he reneged, he repudiated that man's claim. And so we find that there is the kind of checks and balances to make sure we don't just simply accept anything that somebody said that the Prophet, peace be upon him, said.  And other companions sometimes rejected what another one said, because what that person said may not have seemed reasonable. Ishar Adil Ahwan, the wife of the Prophet, peace be upon him, mother of the believers, may Allah be pleased with her, used to reject many sayings that she heard from some of the male companions. Sometimes she castigated the sayings as coming from them, and she saw some sayings as reflected a kind of misogyny that she credited not to the Prophet, peace be upon him, obviously, but to the people who were narrating these statements, so she rejected them. Sometimes she found that there are statements which are contrary to what is mentioned clearly in the Quran, and she would say, okay, they're saying that, but the Quran says this other thing, and it is the Quran that obviously rules for Muslims if there is an obvious contradiction between what people are narrating, that the Prophet, peace be upon him, said, and what the Quran actually says. Taking a cue from this, scholars have continued to look at Hadiths critically, like when we think of criticizing, people think finding fault. Well, that could be for a good purpose, as in the case of studying Hadiths, because while the Quran, as we've seen in the previous show, while the Quran directs us to follow the Prophet, peace be upon him, the Quran does not tell us to follow everything that people report about the Prophet, because some of their reports could be wrong. In fact, yes, absolutely. This is just common sense, and this is literally what it boils down to for me personally. How would I know? Yet again, I know people will say, in the same breath, people will say that if you don't trust Hadiths, you cannot trust history altogether. Guess what? I don't. History is told by the victors. Therefore, I'm very cautious what to believe and what not. Guys, I come from the Balkans. I am very well aware that I cannot trust anything at face value. It took me 32 years to understand who the Macedonians are. Before that, I simply listened to the history presented to me. By that default, we were descendants from Alexander the Great, a special group within the Balkans of 1.5 million Slavs. Of course, that is not correct. To find the truth, you really have to dig. The ninth chapter of the Quran specifically says that if an evil doer comes to you with information, then you should verify that information. Now, it says evil doer, but Muslim commentators on the Quran have said that regardless whether evil doer or good doer, anyone can make a mistake. So, if somebody comes to you with information, you should verify that information before you start making a big deal of it. Of course, we look at things practically because not all information is of such crucial importance and what the instruction is telling us to do could be something very minor. We probably just want to do it and get over with it rather than to go into a detailed investigation. So, for most people, if we find a hadith, we presume that this is part of the Islamic heritage and it tells us to do something. We just act upon it. But if it is of crucial importance, it has major implications for society, then it requires some investigation. And so, while the average person still may not have the acumen to make this investigation for himself or herself, it is incumbent on Muslim scholars today to use all of the available information, all of the empirical knowledge we have to go back and look at the hadiths that have been transmitted down through the ages and ask how much of this is genuinely from the Prophet peace be upon him. Because certainly, it's always been accepted and known among Muslim scholars that we cannot accept hadiths uncritically. So, obviously, scholars have a responsibility and they go in, they do the research, they have those skill sets. But what about the average person? I'm also thinking now within the context of social media and Google where we have access to Islamic information sometimes it's a lot to take in and it's very easy like, you know, I've come across sayings of the Prophet which I've never heard of before and so you want to go to the right resources to reference that. So, how do you go about that from an average person's perspective? It's not easy from the average person's perspective and to deal with this as an issue, many scholars are proposing now that the scholarly body needs to sift the hadith records one more time and to distill from the current collections of hadiths those ones which the scholars are confident. Does anybody know anything about this, especially when it comes down to Sahih al-Bukhari or Sahih Muslim? Is this really the case that they're going through all the hadiths yet again? Have applications for our present circumstances and that could be traced reliably back to the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him. So we need like new collections of hadith but until that is produced and obviously it's a massive undertaking for which we do have the capability but do people have the willingness? This is another question but while we're waiting for such corpus to be produced how does the average person get around or navigate through these mazes of hadiths that are there available on the internet? Well, Muhammad Zubair al-Siddiqi in a book called The Hadith for Beginners which is sold in Muslim bookshops often annexed to mosques. It gives us some guidelines about how to recognize or how to know the kinds of hadiths which are problematic and how do we know these kinds of hadiths because historically it has been known that they're- This here again is interesting as well that you already have certain guidelines for hadiths. You don't have that guideline for the Qur'an. You can simply read the Qur'an and that's that. People who invented hadiths for some special purposes like for example there are those who invented hadiths for political purposes. Exactly. If they wanted to support a certain political leader they invented hadiths that either speak well of that person's locality or that person's trivial lineage or something like this. So that's a danger. Most likely favor this political figure over somebody else. People are corrupt. Sometimes there are hadiths which are demeaning to women. If a man wanted to put his wife in her place in his own thinking he wouldn't tell her directly because she wouldn't listen to him but he would circulate a saying into the community so that that saying would come back to his wife as a saying of the prophet not of her husband. So Shabir I just want to stop you here. So we're talking about so far we've talked about political categories that we need to be aware of ones where they demean women. Are there any other categories that we should be wary of? Yes the scholars including Mohammed Zubair said they have given lists of many other types of hadiths again and going by the general sense of the ways in which people forged hadiths and for what purpose is. They say that there were people with religious inclinations who wanted to encourage people to do good deeds and to stay away from bad deeds and so they invented hadiths for the purpose. Hadiths encouraging the doing of good deeds by promising great rewards for small deeds and the contrary also. And there's something I'm very skeptical of as well again guys with all due respect those reward claims. I didn't find them that explicitly within the Quran and I personally cannot help but believe that if God wanted to tell us about a certain reward he would have told us in the Quran. However if you look into the hadith literature you will find certain fantastic claims about rewards. You see it on YouTube as well of course in the commercials before the videos. Would you like to have a human jannah? When I see such things I see a human motivation behind it. It's promising tremendous punishment for very small misdeeds. So they say watch for these hadiths because they may not be genuine they're just inventions by people. Along these lines there are hadiths that give promised rewards for reciting certain portions of the Quran. And you might have a hadith that says if you recite this passage of the Quran you get such a great reward. This reminds me of Catholicism when you go to confession you simply go to confession you confess your sins and then you have to say 20 Ave Maria's for example and everything as well again. Obviously it was for the purpose of encouraging people to read the Quran but you have curiously a hadith which to me will encourage people to not to read the Quran because there's a hadith that says if you read the 112th chapter of the Quran that one little chapter which comprises only four verses you get the reward as if you read the entire Quran if you read that three times. Obviously you read that you don't have to read the rest of the Quran you see. So it can have the opposite effect and people have done things for good reasons and some people may have done it for bad reasons including as we've seen the political and women demeaning and so on. But more insidious than this it is known that in the early Muslim communities there were people who the Quran castigates as monothequn hypocrites. So a hypocrite could have actually invented anything because he is or she is not a genuine Muslim but passes off as a genuine Muslim within the society they could relate anything for for good or bad purposes and then it's taken by a genuine infiltration of the religion of face value because we don't know what's in the heart of a person. Another category of people has been referred to as Zindik or the Zanadeqah people who again were not really Muslims but they're they're passing off in the community they could circulate information misinformation in order to mislead others this is very deliberate and innocent Muslims would take that again as face value and circulated as though it is genuine information. Moreover sometimes Muslims themselves could have misconstrued certain actions of the Prophet peace be upon him and related his actions thinking that they're relating the truth based on their own observation but they have made an influence which is incorrect and they're passing off that inference as fact. People are flawed man happens all the time on error. So as you're talking I'm thinking of I remembered all Hadith within all of those categories just briefly as we wrap up when we look at Hadith for now you know there are terms like Asahi and etc so are there some terminology that the average Muslim right now can refer to to say okay if I refer back and this is narrated by this then it's valid if it's not. Unfortunately these labels do not give the final indication though there are actually some indication if a Hadith is classified as Maudu this means false obviously rejected and generally would not be found in the classical collections of Hadith because the scholars have already done a lot of work to remove the most obviously fraudulent ones others have been castigated as weak or da'if obviously those are to be avoided then going up the scale some are called Hassan which means good or sound even above that there is some there are some which are called Sahih which means authentic but something authentic here means that's absolutely true it was actually said or the thing reported actually happened but that's not what it means in Hadith terminology. Let me know what you guys think about this in the comment section here you have Dr. Shabir Ali and he says that even Sahih Hadiths are not to be trusted this is surely a controversial opinion let me know what you think. In essence is that it's past certain scholarly verifications one that that the scholars have seen that there is a connected chain of narratives and we trust the narratives and two that they did not find any fault with the with the narrative but the fact that they did not find any fault with the narrative does not mean that there is no fault with the narrative we may find a fault later on based on empirical knowledge and so on so one of the things that the scholars now advise us against is accepting a Hadith that goes against empirical knowledge you know something verifiably to be a fact and then the Hadith shows you the opposite well somebody may say well you know if God says it well then I believe it regardless of what my eyes see but in the case of Hadith it's not simply that God says it it's that somebody is reporting that the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him said this and it's not only somebody is reporting somebody reporting somebody reporting that somebody reporting that somebody is reporting that the Prophet peace be upon him said this it's a long chain of narratives any one of them could have made a mistake along the way there's more to be said but we'll leave this for our next episode Arrest my case you're welcome all right guys and this is for today's video absolutely surprising to me personally I didn't expect this whatsoever this is literally my opinion just to clarify yet again I never said I want to reject Hadiths quite the opposite I'm interested in Hadith I want to find out more about them but the same time I cannot let go of my fear that they are obstructed and as you can see even Shabir Ali here says that yes of course even if there are Sahih still there are people in place here that have been narrating those chains and ultimately mistakes do happen human error human biases or more over human maliciousness could be at place here to obstruct those Hadiths for sinister goals of course how often have we seen people on the surface level seem nice seem trustable even further on the surface level they were priests but on the inside their heart was corrupted absolute darkness pure monstrous pure evil but many of those people get away with their acts during their lifetime sometimes they take it into their grave and nobody will ever find out and this is why only because we have a chain of narration of certain people that were reliable trustable still we will never know what was in the hearts of those people so therefore to wrap it up this video affirms my stance on Hadiths moreover it was very refreshing to see a Muslim that is critical of even Sahih Hadiths i believe that we have to stay critical in all endeavors of life and even the Quran asks us to reflect and think all right guys but this is it for today's video if you liked it leave the thumbs up if you haven't subscribed already guys please do so and if you want to support this channel via patreon for example all the links are in the description box below thank you so much for your ongoing support guys as always may god bless you all much love and peace


This is Jan Neuenhausen who actually started with Geeks last for them and is now a major contributor. So, welcome Jan. Thank you. Yes, well, I was a major contributor, but my talk is about something that has to do with Geeks and is not Geeks. It has derailed my contributions a bit. I worked on the cross compilation infrastructure, specifically building MinGW cross-compiler and had a lot of help and fun from Manolis who is working on the herd. His talk is next. But this is something completely different. I was inspired to look at Geeks last year. I started playing. I was running Debian and I've run Geeks for Geeks as a package manager on Debian for I think three or four months and in that time I migrated all the packages that I needed for my own development and for my client's development that I worked so far for until everything was packaged in Geeks and then I took the plunge. That's a nice way of doing it. Going off the deep end can also be inspiring I guess because using Geeks on Debian can be done but it's also it has fragility aspects so I don't know. So when I started doing, so what is mess? Mess is full-source bootstrapping. So what is bootstrapping? Do I need to explain that here for who doesn't know about bootstrapping, the bootstrapping problem? Okay, most of you know so it's the question where do compilers come from who compiled the compiler or the chicken and egg problem? So how am I going to do full-source bootstrapping? My idea was to write a tiny scheme interpreter in Hex or in simple C and there it gets fuzzy. That's why this talk. And when I have the scheme interpreter in Hex, what do we do in scheme? I write a C compiler and the C compiler then compiles GCC or maybe Gile or and that's another messy point. Maybe you have ideas and when mess has a C compiler then we have mess CC. Which is the name of the C compiler? So I have something that actually works but I look at it as being a strategy to test things out and there are many decisions that could be made and for me I need something that works to be able to see the next step. So it's not a goal in itself. I have something like a proof of concept. It's not a general purpose scheme although it has aspects of being close to R6RS and it has major gaps and it's not an alternative for Gile but I'm loading and using Gile modules. So Piotr said it, inspiration that's what happened to me last year inspired by Geeks but now I'm doing mess. So what do you want? So as a human being hacker I'm looking for meaning for autonomy but also co-creation. Want to do something meaningful and fun. So one of the great things and if the goal is greater than my inspiration rises. So an inspiring goal for me is a planet of enlightened beings. Why not? So what do I do? I look inward. I try to be happy and try to be helpful. Another crazy idea which goes in the same direction as far as I'm concerned is a world where all software is free. Totally crazy idea. What I do is I support GNU and I create free software. So why am I here at this talk? Geeks really inspired me. I've looked at the hurt 10 or 15 years ago and I wanted to run GNU but I didn't manage it. And Geeks feels to me like running GNU finally. So I just had to do that. The Four Freedoms, if you don't know them, read them. It's terribly inspiring for me. So that was actually the seed, the Four Freedoms by Richard Stallman. For me, it got the whole thing started. A lot of things happened but in 2013, before I knew about it, Debian started the Reproducible Builds, a reprobills project. It didn't have that website. But the idea was, well, I want to, all software is free. But how do I know that the binary that I run actually was produced from the source that is free? Is there any way to certain that? Well you can study the compiler and you can see what assembly comes out. You can, that goes, but that's very cumbersome. You will have to do that if you compile the program twice. You would maybe have to do that again because it looks different. So Reproducibility gives you a very easy test whether you can, if you cannot reproduce the same binary twice from a piece of source code, are there differences? Are they interesting? How are you going to do that? So I thought Reprobills is a very inspiring idea. And then Geeks came along and I have a small summary here for why Reprobills are so nice. Actually there are means to an end. We want autonomy and safety. That's basically it. So how did we get here? Why is Reproducibility and Geeks so nice? Of course we had NixOS who gave us functional package management. And that made it possible to go, or very easy, to go from source to reproducible binaries and have the full list of dependencies and be bit for bit identical. One of the great things about Geeks as a user is something that I like to call binary and source transparency. If you have a program, it's very easy to package that and deploy it only for yourself. It's almost no effort. But you cannot distinguish it from the rest of the system. So philosophically when you install a package you build it from source. But usually we use the binary substitute which makes it a bit quicker. But I will get the same binary as I would have gotten if I had to build it from source. So it feels like building from source but actually everything feels like building from source. So that's great. We have GNU, we have all source, we build everything from source. But there's this bootstrap binaries thing. And that annoyed me. It's only a tiny spec. I mean everything is source, everything. So here's our bootstrap graph which is in the manual. So what are we talking about if we talk about bootstrap binaries? It's too small to read here but it's a dependency graph to build the first bootstrap binaries. And here's the text. I was wondering well what kind of binaries are we talking about? It's only 28 megabytes zipped. So the bootstrap binaries are 200 megabytes. It's not a real problem. We can reproduce them and we do that. But it seems terribly big too. So I was wondering about that and then Orians Jay came along and told us about his hex-assembler, a self-hosting hex-assembler. And I thought wow that's great. If you have a self-hosting hex-assembler maybe we can do away with all sources. But I was still going hex and then I had to see compiler and I didn't really see it. I'll just skip this bit. So I was looking at the bootstrap problem and that was the hex-assembler and the bootstrap binaries would fit in Geeks but I didn't see it. And then I stumbled upon an article from Alan Kay in an interview with Alan Kay where he said the big revelation to me was when I finally understood that the half-page of code on the bottom half of page 13 in the Lisp 1.5 manual was Lisp in itself. These were the Maxwell equations of software. So I thought if you want a bootstrap system and you want to do that in the most convenient and small way, well then maybe use something Lispy. Yeah, so shorted path from hex to GCC is obviously using the Maxwell equations of software. If they are really the Maxwell equations then it should be the prettiest path that you can imagine otherwise we have to look for better equations. So that's where the mess comes in. So I looked up the article and this is the bottom half of page 13. To be honest I had a copy of Sick P and I read some stuff until the exercises come and then I gave up.  But so it looks interesting but I need to see it and play with it to get a feel for what it does. But I was inspired enough to try that and naive enough.  The start could be a function so let's evaluate that and the parameters should be evaluated and then hand it to apply and apply will say, oh that's a function, let's execute the function something. And so you have some primitive functions, scar, good or cons, atom. It's very simple but it's not hard to imagine to add a built-in or a primitive function and extend this guy with C functions or something like that. So you have evil and apply in the core and then you have some helpers which are not really interesting, well they're interesting but they're not interesting. So Asok, Paoloz, Afkon and you have the primitives atom, kar, kudur, cons and ik. So this is the first thing I wrote, I just started to type that in in guile. I made a module where I removed everything from the guile module and tried to make sure that I was only running this so here you have apply. It's literally the same as on the page 13 and there is evil and not so interesting functions. So great, I can write my own evil and apply that can execute only the basic primitives and I can write that in guile and execute it, beautiful. So the next step was to write that in C. Well I need to go to hex but that seemed to be two big steps so I decided to cheat and start with a C implementation, a C prototype. And very soon I found out that Lisp 1.5 is really nice and I had this evil apply layout until the beginning of December and maybe I still want to go back to that but first I wanted to bootstrap using Lisp 1.5 and then on top of that implement a full scheme because it's these really are the Maxwell equations. I have a prototype that does that so then in scheme you would extend, add macros and stuff to evil and not touch these Maxwell equations but that really didn't perform so I started messing with the Maxwell equations and then you have something like closures and difference between symbols and keywords and specials and how do you do macros and well that's the syntax rules thing so what I wanted to do is when I had the thing running in C I wanted to have my own C compiler. So first shortest path to success, dump an elf binary that I can execute, starting from a simple main function in C. And Rutger who is sitting here I've had a lot of help from him describing my problems he said well what you're doing is great but you need a garbage collector and I said well I don't know I bought 16 gig. Let's see, so I took a sick pee and I started reading about the garbage collector and then I read a footnote from Abelson and Sussman where they say well maybe memories may get large enough so that it would be impossible to run out of free memory and I thought well great let's go for that. Here's my minimal NCC parser so I had to extend or extended the prototype in C and a lot of functions in scheme just enough that I could run the Lullar parser by Dominique Boucher and I could parse this guy and dump an elf binary and run it and it would print hello world. That was in August and I was going whoa now I'm done. Well it's not totally true, the mess could run the Lullar parser and it could parse a simple a very not C but a simple parentheses example and when I start watching this I'm going to parse this guy it's sac faulted and I couldn't, there were a lot of problems that I fixed but it kept self sac faulting. It ran for five minutes and then it sac faulted. Well turned out that when I accidentally ran top in five minutes it was concing through my 16 gigs. So then I came back to Rutger and I implemented the garbage collector which took me two months to get all the bugs out but now I could look at NIOC which is a full C parser that we have, well we have and I should speed up I guess. So where are we now? We have a full C parser and what I'm doing now is writing the, I have a smaller version of mess which is 700 lines of C and the compiler that I wrote in Scheme can compile that guy and it can, so where are we? I'm just skipping ahead here. It's called a tiny version of, well I divided the problem up in smaller parts. I have a tiny mess which can be, is a C compiler that can be executed by mess and it can read a dumped file which has an S expression and can print it. So mess can compile, yeah compile a C program of 300 lines that does that and then I have the next step which I'm still working on. This guy can the C compiler in Scheme when I execute that with Kyle can compile K-1. And compile a binary that runs this. It reads an S expression that reads cons O-1 and execute that and give the cons. Mess cannot at the moment do this and I'm working on that. There are some statements that are still not parsed by mess. There is a geeks package, it's not in geeks itself. I wanted to have the compiler really working so that it's self-hosting. Expect that in one or two months to have a self-hosting C compiler in Scheme. Yes, so where to go next when we have that? Is that useful at all? That's actually my biggest question. I can imagine it's nice to have a C compiler in Geil but a serious C compiler project in Geil would mean that if I use that in mess, mess would have to be more mature and I don't want to rebuild Geil because we already have that. So maybe make Geil so easy that it can self-host itself. I don't. And then there's Chris Weber who said, well you have the, have you looked at pre-scheme because your prototype is in C? Why not start from a Schemish language or you have a compiler anyway? So take the work on pre-scheme and don't throw away the C source. I should probably explain what pre-scheme is because I don't think many people do. Oh, yeah. Yes, so I'm going to give you an example. I'm going to give you an example of what I'm going to do. I'm going to give you an example of what I'm going to do. I'm going to give you an example of what I'm going to do. Yeah, so pre-scheme is a subset of Scheme which is part of Scheme 48 and Scheme 48 will take pre-scheme and compile that to C. And then the C compiles out. Yeah, Scheme is taken as a source library. But as we have a C compiler, we don't need to go to C. We can take that as an intermediate stage. Yeah, so that's what I'm trying to do. Get rid of the bootstrap binaries and I have something that works, but I'm wondering if it's useful at all and what the next smart step could be. So, questions? Good question and I know that you've said that, right? I want to thank you and say it's very important what you're doing. I mean, my dream is exactly the same thing. You have a self-built outward and running, so before the bootstrap goes like this. There's only one way to do it, which is to be your tool is, and sometimes when you're working with, because what we do is quite a little assembling thing, little inter-pressure. You keep around the rest of the night belt. So my suggestion if you want to play with that, I would try to write three assembly versions for different platforms like army, you know, info, 32-bit, 64-bit, and bootstrap from this and try to get a list running out of business and because the only reason you need to see is portability, right? Yeah. It would be actually much cooler to have a little machine code bootstrap running micro-list, well, risky, maybe, I don't know, whatever, and then just run from there and you can, but because it is just your portability. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Let's talk about that. Yep. Do you think it's right that the ENIAC compiler running on guy can compile mess, right? Yes. But the ENIAC compiler running on mess can... No, no, no, sorry. No. It can compile the tiny mess thing, the thing that reads the expression and display it. The one that runs cons needs some more constructions in C, but that's just more work. I said it's really important that I appreciate what you're doing. Thank you.


As part of our efforts to improve digital technology standard in the country, a group has called on government at all levels to invest more technology innovation to crush insecurity and boost the economy in Nigeria. The maintain that digital technology innovation in any nation in the 21st century would create job opportunities to the team in youth as well as bring foreign investors into the country. A few decades, technology has grown rapidly, digital innovations increased drastically which also affects the life of people and changes the way learning, thinking and communication in the society makes life easier for people. Speaking at the meet-and-greet in Ariwa House, Kaduna, the Northeast Coordinator Abraham Amandi says embracing IT and AI digital technology will help in curbing the insecurity confronting the nation and boost the economy, noting that no country develops without technology. He added, new digital innovation has the capacity to build and create over 50 different employments to use while urging the governments to invest in technology. Compassive is an AI and IT that is building over 50 ITs are meant to come and solve business solution and to also correct the corruption going on in the IT world or the IT space. We are coming together to help the government of Nigeria to extend that love, that support that the government are in need for a long time. The founders in the future will actually create a great impact in this country in terms of generating foreign earning that will actually boost the economy of each state. I'm appealing to my fellow brothers from the Northwest and Northeast and Nigeria at large to seek this opportunity so that they will be part of people that will be liberated in the nearest future that they can also extend the hands of love and support to those that are in need. Also a technology expert, Abel Sarkinoma says digital technology has important roles to play in every sphere of human endeavor that bridges the gap in communication, learning and the economy, noting that it improves the society and makes the world the global village making life easy for all. The big ones, the big men we're having today, mostly made it out from T.C. computer, from technology. Making use of that, taking advantage of it is really good. All those things will help the youth, at least it will help reduce poverty and a lot of debt and everything because if you have something to do, but you don't even need to stress yourself, you can just be in your home and then you send a link to someone and then he really starts, he gets, you know it's like utility, you get the satisfaction at the same time, you get money in return again, our best in, you understand, to help raise the country to a better height. In the next five years, if Nigerians would really take advantage of this ICT, it should be something else, I'm telling you, because due to the population and everything, if you take advantage of this ICT, you would make it. They appealed to youth and all Nigerians to take advantage of digital technology for greater impact in the nation's economy while calling on government at all levels to invest more on technology to meet 21st century standard. Firstly, this is an innovation for everybody, especially with the involvement of youth. Youth have embraced ICT and you can see that in some states ICT hubs are being created for people. Youth these days are creating mobile apps, they are creating robots, they are creating drones. So ICT has really taken a notch higher, but you see if only they can infuse artificial intelligence into it, then the sky will only be the starting point for ICT in Nigeria. Technology plays a major role in every society and the nation with co-related, co-dependent and co-influence with each other.