Hi, folks. Thank you all for joining me. I'm a grad student here in CMS. I'm a researcher at SAITS Initiative. My thesis is called Trust Machines, Cryptocurrencies, Logtains and Humans and Cultures of Mis-Trust. Since it appears twice, let me start by introducing three key points about trust. Trust, according to Simo, is a capacity to forecast future actions. It is essentially the main condition to exist in a society with strangers. We need to have some capacity to know that things will go a certain way. Second, Giddens, another sociologist adds that trust is not just reliability. It is very much faith. And not only faith, but it's a blind faith. So for Giddens, we can trust in two ways, when we trust our friends or family or when we trust abstract principles to be true. So for example, when we're traveling by plane, we don't really need to know how a plane works. We just trust it's going to work. And Giddens adds a third thing, that modern institutions rely on people stressed in abstract systems. And a good example of this is, for example, the finance system. So for example, when we are exchanging money, we don't really need to understand the whole dynamics of what goes through our credit culture and section. We just trust that money is going to be honored. So it brings me to public institutions, which play a role in our society as trust mediators. They broker trust between strangers. So according to Fukuyama, modern state institutions emerge in societies with historically low interpersonal trust. So in other ways, they facilitate interactions between people who would normally not trust each other. And they do this through contracts or laws and policies. But modern states are not just the functional aspects of these institutions. Benedict Anderson says that the national states are rooted in something called imagined communities. So media technologies like books, maps, sensors, they help just diffuse this idea that we all share some common identity, that we're a part of something bigger. And so imagine communities go from this idea of they expand trust from our close friendships to something bigger to a wider polity. And Robert Putnam talks about two accounts of trust. One is based on our personal, strong, frequent relationships, thick trust, and thin trust, which refers to the trust we have with people with some shared social networks are expecting an oppressive property. So imagine communities enable this thin trust. But what happens when people mistrust these institutions? So Ethan Suckerman argues that when some people confront oppressive systems, they can become insurrectionists who try to overthrow and upheave existing systems. And one of these levers for change is code. Network technologies are interesting because they can indeed transfer attributions that were before monopolies of the state to market systems. So for example, before social media platforms like Facebook, censorship was something that more or less generally the state only did. Now with these platforms is attribution that is shared to the market. And in call, Laurence Glassic argues that the internet is governed by something called merchant sovereignties who profit, who prioritized profit making over public good and provide no accountability to the public. Is that a relationship to them? To them is the same that we have to McDonald's. So my interest is in this technological systems as market sovereignties. These are trust machines, technological systems that mediate trust and that operate through market principles. So specifically, these are my research questions. First, how is this technological trust mediator addressing a perceived mistrust in public institutions? What are the individual and collective practices involved in this new mediation? What is the role of perfect and emotion? And how are public institutions transforming and responsive to emerging imaginaries? And I explore this question by focusing on a specific case study, which is the use of cryptocurrencies in Argentina. And let me show you why. And before that I'm going to tell you what it is. So this thesis focuses on a specific long dated competence of the state which is governing money. So as most folks know here, James Kerry points out two visions of communications as transmission and communication as ritual. So scholars of media studies have studied money as most of these things. So first in the poor man's credit card, Marshall McLuhan says that money talks because money is a metaphor as transfer a bridge as the vast social metaphor a bridge or translator money like writing speeds up exchange and tightens the bonds of interdependence in any community. And the new money line of sorts says that money technologies produce transactional communities, networks of relations united by a common sense of identity, geography and values. And I'm happy to talk more about the survey you did review in the Q&A folks have any questions about how media studies addresses money. Now let's move on to to a technology that we're looking at for just cryptocurrencies. And these are digital currencies that exist in blockchains which are decentralized records that are composed of blocks that tie together through cryptography. And this might not be super clear. And I'm happy to answer more technical questions. But what we need to know is that it works like decentralized digital money. And the blockchain was invented in 2008 by a mysterious figure called Siddhu Siddhu Nakamoto, who we don't know who that is. And to support Bitcoin, which is a cryptocurrency, and Nakamoto published Bitcoin in the white paper of Bitcoin, a way made on this about crypto cryptography, as a new technology that enables a peer-to-peer version of electronic cash that would allow direct payments without going through a financial institution. And on the Bitcoin, the multi-utilized blockchain is Ethereum blockchain. Ethereum is an open source blockchain created in 2013, realizing a cryptocurrency called Ether, and it has too many innovation that it supports smart contracts, which are code that is executed automatically in this blockchain, and it supports tokens which are other cryptocurrencies in Ethereum blockchain. And now why my focus in Argentina, for many reasons, for one, Argentina has gone through a serious political economic crisis. I'm just going to say that because I could just spend the entire presentation on that. And secondly, after an inflationary crisis in 2001, Argentina has had increasing inflation. Then in June 2021, Argentina ranked 10th in each analysis called Cryptocurrency Adoption Index, which means that Argentina is adopting crypto at an unusual rate. And in Edelman's 2022 trust parameter, our survey of 27 countries, Argentina ranked last in two categories, trust in government and trust in the central bank. And also in Argentina, we can see the existence of informal economic networks like partner networks, clandestine currency exchanges when people can bypass the government's restrictions on purchasing foreign currency. So my focus in understanding cryptocurrency in Argentina allows me to understand how a technological trust mediator, cryptocurrency, is understood alongside problems in public institutions. So above my methods, I conducted in depth interviews with 15 cryptocurrency users enthusiast and blockchain technology developers in Argentina. I recruited them through something that I call extended snowball sampling, which is getting in touch with people that my informants mentioned, but also seeing who they share Twitter spaces or other virtual communities with. I use digital ethnography methods to understand how users engage in virtual communities. And lastly, I used a walkthrough method to explore the artifacts that users engage with. And this method that's described by live burgers and do away aims to establish a software applications environment of expected use, which is how an app provider expected will be received, generate profit or other forms of benefit and regular user activity. So I will now present the chapters in my pieces and some of the findings. So my first chapter is called the legacy systems. And I'm going to spend a bit more time on this one because it's especially important. So the scholars of media know that adoption of media technologies is tied to the visions of its users. So social political context is important, but they only tell part of the picture. It also matters how a technology is framed as a solution to a problem. For scholars of media studies, this might ring a bell, which is Winston's idea of preventing social necessities by looking at the role of ideology too. So in this chapter, a look at how blockchain and cryptocurrency are framed as updates for outdated legacy systems to traditional institutions are seen as outdated artifacts that these technologies come to revolutionize. As Luisa Informant told me, crypto liberates individuals from a lot of obstacles set by institutions that don't really work for them. So three public institutions are addressed here, the national state, traditional finance and public identity. So first, national states are seen as mistrusted. So my informants often frame crypto as bypassing national borders and offering a level field for people worldwide. Its revolutionary potential was understood through the recentering of the capacity of individuals. But it's not just about individualism. The playing field vision applies also to social barriers. And Nicolas, a 27-year-old cryptocurrency trader, explained to me the adoption of the technologies relies on the solidarity of the Argentine and crypto community. Crypto, for me, is literal liberty and the capacity to engage with people who traditionally would not be at your level. In the crypto world, you can easily talk to someone who has 50 or 500 bitcoins without this person talking down on you. You can have a conversation in the same wavelength. Another institution that was opposed to a traditional finance and other informants said that crypto comes to decentralize and change the way that institutions use money. So I'm not in favor of the idea that you give money to the bank and the bank moves around the money and then they charge you. And this offer relates to how the government uses money, which is related to inflation, they say. And lastly, public identity is a contested idea. They negotiate the idea of the anonymity granted by the central as networks, but also the idea of publicness needed in the social development of the technology, engaging in something I call fluid anonymity. And what's interesting here is that Argentine entrepreneurs and developers are imagining new institutions using blockchain technologies. An example of this is the central on a project developed that situates a virtual 3D world in the blockchain and works through by a smart contracts, making its government incorruptible and fully transparent. Another project we're mentioning is proof of humanity, which is a registry of individuals on the blockchain where users can validate their identity as humans and automatically receive money. These are profit making enterprises, of course, as each project becomes more popular, their tokens become more pricey and the assets of assets of the original creators increase in value. But they can also be seen as experimenting world, experimenting world building of understanding what artifacts are necessary to replace the obsolete ones that sustain the national state as such. So in the second chapter, I critically engage with the idea of trustlessness in the blockchain that is commonly presented as a tourism in literature. The idea of trustlessness presents an essential binary between the everyday world and the blockchain, the centralized trustless blockchain. And this chapter end to deconstruct this opposition. So by focusing on the different gateways to acquire cryptocurrencies by Argentine users, I end to highlight the rule of off-chain transactions in the terminus once engagement with cryptocurrencies. So I analyze a series of technologies and arrangements, or human and non-human actors, like custodial and non- custodial wallets, or local exchanges and clandestine brokers peer-to-peer marketplaces. And I find that how a user engages with cryptocurrency is dependent on choices that are dependent on the political social ties existing existent in the off-chain world. For example, non-custodial wallets were artifacts for managing cryptocurrencies where users have access to the private and public keys, which makes it very private, but also very risky. The users of this shared, the user of this technology shared with me a vision of complete mistrust in the government, but custodial wallets, wallets that rely on businesses and therefore need users to authenticate their identity and this identity shared with the government, were understood as a bridge between the off-chain government relations and the affordances of the blockchain. They were also associated with the reliance on legal safeguards since they are legal entities. Another interesting finding was that when social media platforms like Facebook were used like a marketplace for cryptocurrencies, the affordances of Facebook to build trust that the requirements to use real names were repurposed by the users. The third chapter focuses on how communitarism is performed in the community and centers the role of affect and emotion in community building. Wagme is a common phrase among Ethereum enthusiasts that means we're all going to make it. It does not represent all the crypto community, but it's a good representation of the idea of solidarity and communitarism in Argentina's crypto community. And community building is seen as an important task for crypto enthusiasts. Natalia, an informant, described the community as a place for consultation. She believes there are three big pillars in the community, bringing new people into the community, making the community grow and making sure that making it so the community contributes to that community. Cryptocurrency users employ different social media platforms and chat applications to fulfill different communicative needs. For example, Twitter is useful to connect with like-minded enthusiasts, but the information there has an expectation of authoritativeness. Discord and Telegram are useful as spaces for specific interests or affinities and to share information more casually. And being semi-public, they can allow newcomers to get their currencies to ask questions. And lots of groups are seen as more intimate and allow for information to be shared less authoritatively, allowing users to share riskier products. And here's an interesting thing. So this community's spaces also play a role in managing emotions collectively, like FOD, which is fear, uncertainty, and doubt, and FOMO, the fear of missing out when a new product appears. And the volatility of the cryptocurrency is emotionally taxing so a virtual community acts as an enthusiast reports systems. As an informant told me, I mean who in your family can understand what you go through in this chaos that goes so fast? And lastly, different communities engage in different gatekeeping strategies to authorize and validate information. So for example, a community for women in crypto, the community, the moderates of community for women in crypto demand links to be validated beforehand with them so before they have posted in their group. And they didn't see this as holding authority, but as protecting community members from misinformation and granting them tools to make decisions by themselves. And lastly, the last chapter in my thesis is about future making. And this is a big thing about my thesis. This emerging imaginary is affecting how institutions understand themselves. So in this final chapter, I ask how are public institutions transforming in response to these emerging imaginaries? And in this chapter, I perform a close reading of a white paper recently published by the city of Buenos Aires secretary of innovation and digital transformation created in collaboration with developers on the blockchain community. And the paper is about identity protocols facing the blockchain and it echoes many of the values and visions I identified in this first chapter. A vision of decentralization, the recentering of individuals and granting users power over their value. This is in line with a vision of what Eric Orta and I call transparent institutions guided by the erasure of discretion and automatic enforcement through smart contracts. The erasure of discretion is something that's been at the core of diverse vision of the bureaucratic state, but other social theories like Lipsky or Saka argue that this question is actually essential to public service provision. So in a way, the blockchain promises a reversal of Giddens understanding of trust in modern institutions. So as a reminder, Giddens said that when we trust modern institutions, we trust in abstract systems, things that we don't really know or kind of really think about. But the blockchain users do not primarily place trust in abstract systems, they do so in the material system of the blockchain itself. So blockchain presents an opportunity for public institutions to provide effective functions without the need for the institution to be trusted itself outside those functions. So this is a new vision of trust that is supported of these new technologies. So all right, thank you for listening and I hope this presentation has provided you with a window into the matrix behind this technology, behind what this technology means for a collective life. And thank you. And I would like to especially thank my advisors Eric Orta and T.L. Taylor who will be fantastic mentors, my cohort who have been an ideal community to think with folks at the Civic Design Initiative, the Latin American Media Studies Reading Group. I'm a friend and family in Boston and Buenos Aires so it's been incredible support for this. Thank you. Yeah, I yeah, sorry. So I'm about to ask me about web assets which are clandestine establishment where you can trade different currencies and buy crypto. And if I got there, I have not gone there, but luckily there is this topic that's been explored in the literature, not about crypto, but still, okay, Context of Argentina, you cannot buy US dollars legally because the government forbids that to keep inflation low and prices lower, but so what you actually when you want to buy dollars to save against inflation, you have to go to Quebas which are clandestine clandestine establishments which are actually pretty front-facing because the government tolerates them a lot. So the situation around Quebas is that Quebas also trading crypto, all right. So they can either sell you currencies like Ether or Bitcoin but they can also sell you something called Sablecoins which are cryptos that are tied to one dollar.  And there are two things here. When you engage with a Queba, you're usually using your non-cosodial wallet, which is a very, it's a risky thing because if imagine you have some sort of problem with a Queba, then you have no one to, you know, you have no records. You cannot tell the government, hey, this person sold for me. So for example, an informant told me that a Queba, someone had gone through an interaction with Queba where they actually sent them their wallet to exchange to send them their crypto too but the Queba administrator actually swiped and got their private wallet which means they took power over the entire wallet. And this informant told me, well, then, you know, since the blockchain is pretty transparent that you can actually trace transactions very easily, people trace back to where the transactions were taking and then really tarnished the reputation of the Queba, right? But the thing is that the reputation of the Queba, that only gets known in a very small circle. So that actually shed light on how social capital, off-chain social capital from the real world affects our engagement with the blockchain, right? So that's interesting. And also something very interesting is that for so my informant told me that Quebas are good for small amounts but when you want to have bigger amounts, you need a arbolito an arbolito is one that is like a smaller scale Queba which pretty much goes to your house and you go to their house or to somewhere more private and that person like it's a reliable transaction for big amounts. So you need to be introduced to those people but they're not people you can find on the street like well, so that also should slide on how social capital works there. So, you know, when you're trusting the arbolito you're actually trusting the person who put you in touch with the arbolito and the arbolito knows that you cannot play tricks because you'll be sacrificing your relationship with that. So TL asks about the rhetoric of transparency and how that is contrasted to reality where things might be much more opaque and power relations might be especially salient. And there are there is a great paper by that about Gili Bidan which actually shed light on how, for example Bitcoin has the idea of being centralized, for example. But they're actually a bunch of actors have a lot of more power like miners or whales which are people who own a lot of crypto and they can also have a lot of market power on things. But regarding the idea of transparency, I think, you know, I think you care a lot about the discourse of transparency and how is that that's a discursive thing and to see how institutions respond to that and whether they do it in a meaningful way or not. And I think a lot of words Kastani actually, you know, like uncovering their real and power relations in the blockchain and say, well, this idea of democrativeness of communitarism of horizontalism is problematic. And I think that it's interesting but it's not exactly what I was trying to do in my thesis. I was, to some extent, taking a discourse of my informants for granted and respecting them what they had to say and kind of exploring these ideas and then see how this discourse is read by institutions and replicated that's what I do in my last chapter. So I think that what's valuable it's not necessarily whether things are materially true or not because in reality people think or believe that one thing is true that is valuable and that is a zeitgeist that defines the media moment right the ideology essentially which is why I think my thesis pays a lot of attention to two categories which are ideology and imaginaries. So imaginaries is this category that Sheila Jackson have invented over here at Harvard where they're at Harvard and it's the idea that people have this vision of technology in their heads right and that these visions are shared collectively and then they become stabilized and crystallized in institutions right when the government or a public institution says all right we're going to go forward this direction right and I'm interested in seeing that jump so I think there's a lot of work on the martial actuality on the contrast between decentralization and decentralization the power relations but I think other people do much better than me thank you yeah so actually so Shusti asked me about how media studies addresses money so actually something interesting about media is that the like the origins of the word medium are tied to money right medium of exchange so it's a very long competency also of media about all the social sciences right not only economics which are you know the science of money but also the idea that for example Giddens when he talks about trust and abstract systems he talks about exchange system money as an abstract system right but now there have been two big books recently that address this which are Lana Swartz CMS CMS person who talks about new money and the transactional communities and media technologies and the the communitarian part in the cultural aspect of this and Finn Burden who talks about digital cash and these two books I think are giving a twist on money that I think is really interesting and that is I think um trace it's it actually just slide in a on a ship we're seeing where all of our of our apps especially the ones on by Mira are now becoming apps to send us money all right so for example what's up in brazil is piloting how sending payments through the WhatsApp I know we chat offers a chat money transaction and you know Venmo as Lana Swartz talks about it in a book it's essentially social media so it's sending you attention the socks of media the media studies are paying attention to money um and I think that's a very exciting direction yes so the question was about um well the idea of trustlessness should be maybe more complicated because when you're engaging with cryptocurrencies you trust for example wallets or companies are these are different ways of mediating with the government and I think that's a very interesting point is something I do challenge in my pieces so there's this idea of trustlessness which is an idea that was crystallized in academic literature by if you might add Philippi um also Harvard and what this idea of trustlessness I I I into deconstructed a little bit because one thing is when it's echoed by our informants and I think that in that in that case it's it's good to pull it out as this course of thing but when we replicate it on the literature it becomes a bit more shaky right because I think we should address it more critically so what I do in chapter in chapter two of my thesis is I deconstruct the deal of trustlessness right but I I do see that there are some some ways of bypassing the government so for example you have two two wallets all right two like ways of what one are non custodial what's where you actually own your public and private key which are the things that in the blockchain give you authority overhandling transactions which is the power over your money and then there's there's custodial exchanges because your exchanges are companies right you don't have power over your public over your private keys you can only see your their public key and your private keys owned by the government so when you're trying to buy crypto you're buying crypto against the company right so this company is registered with the government they you know if if your money goes missing you can you know go to the government hey you you these guys took my money but then again it requires these companies to tell the government who you are it requires you go to something called KYC which is like I know your customer process so whereas non custodial wallets you can actually go to a cuea or any condescending exchange and actually have a transaction without the government knowing what goes in the middle so I think trust in the government there I think there is something interesting about the government being bypassed as an institution in something that the government had power of over which is money right either the Argentine government or the US government with the US dollars but essentially a competence of the government regardless the idea of mediations of trust I agree that the idea of trustlessness is not very useful as it is a discursive construct right but I do think that it's interesting to look at the mediations of trust and see what networks of trust emerge in that way right so for example when I'm trusting a coup so deal wallet I am to some extent trusting the government I am some exchange trusting the company that made the coup so deal wallet and when I'm not trusting when I'm using a non coup so deal wallet I'm trusting the clandestine person who is doing a peer to peer transaction or I'm trusting the social media network through which I found the other person like Facebook or or Binance's peer to peer network thank you all right thank you


I am Dr. Patil Sunil-Kumaris, Professor and Head Civil Engineering Department to Alchin Institute of Technology, Swalapur. Today, I am going to discuss about numerical example on design of 2S lab, learning outcomes. At the end of the session, learners will be able to determine the effective horizontal span and effective thickness of slab, determine they are also able to determine the reinforcement required for the slab and sketch the reinforcement arrangement. Example design a reinforced concrete slab for a room of clear dimension 4 meter by 5 meter. The slab is supported on all 4 walls of width 300 mm. The slab is to carry a live load of 4 kilo Newton per meter square and a floor finish of 1 kilo Newton per meter square. Use M20 concrete and Fe415 steel. Assume corners are held down, sketch the details of reinforcement solution. Step 1, we are supposed to find out the thickness of the slab. So, the shorter span Lx is greater than 3.5. So, therefore, take span by depth ratio 25 that is d is equal to 1 by 25th of span by 25 that we also have to be around 160 mm. So, the overall depth be 180 mm because the from effective depth you have to add half the diameter of the bar and clear cover. So, that will give overall depth that is 180 mm. Second step you have to find out the effective span. Effective span it is equal to clear span plus effective depth. So, it is 4 plus 0.16 in x direction 4.16 similarly in y direction it is 5 plus 0.16 it is 5.16. Then you have to find out the ratio of longer span to shorter span that is Ly by Lx that is 5.16 by 4.16 that was sort to be 1.25 which is less than 2. If the Ly by Lx is less than 2 then we are supposed to design a 2-way slab. So, hence we are supposed to design a 2-way slab. Next we have to find out the design moment and shear for that we have to do the load calculation first the dead load it is world at 0.18 into 1 into 1 into 25 that is 4.5 kN per meter floor finishing load it is 1 kN per meter square into 1 meter it is 1 kN per meter live load it is 4 kN per meter square into 1 it is 4 kN per meter. So, total load is 9.5 kN per meter. So, W that is the factored load would be 1.5 times W. So, it is 1.5.9 5 times 9.5 that is 14.25 kN per meter. The slab is simply supported on all floor sides. So, the corners are held down by providing torsional reinforcement. Hence the moment coefficients are to be obtained from table 26 of IS 456 and the case here it is case number 9 that is the last case of table 26. So, we are supposed to find out the alpha x that is the coefficient for MU x and alpha y coefficient for MU y. So, alpha x from table number 26 it works out to be 0.072 that is for 1 then again you are having the next coefficient for that you have to interpolate plus 0.007 is the difference into 4 divided by 10 that was sort to be 0.0748 that is alpha x that is the interpolation between the two values of alpha x. Now, alpha y is single value it is 0.056. So, MU x is equal to alpha x into W u into L x square and MU y it is also equal to alpha y into W u into L x square only both are L x square.  So, R 4 upon 1 plus R 4 because it is from plate theory we have derived it by using equal deflection at a for the central point. So, into L x by 2 it is 4.16 by 2 it was sort to be 17.96 kilo Newton then design main reinforcement. So, we have to design main reinforcement. So, we have to both the reinforcement in x and y direction are main reinforcement reinforcement in x direction for that effective depth is 160 mm. So, MU limit is equal to x u max into D. So, it is 0.48 for this case of 415. So, therefore, 0.48 into 160 it was sort to be 76.8 MU limit. So, by using C into your arm this is C 0.36 fckb x u limit is C into your arm is D minus 0.42 x u limit. So, this was sort to be 70.63 kilo Newton meter. So, MU is less than MU limit hence it is under reinforcement find area of steel in x direction by using equation G 1.1 b of I s for 562000. Now, MU we have already calculated in x direction it is 18.46 into 10 to power of 6 that is to convert into kilo Newton meter into Newton mm. It is 0.87 fy into ast into D into 1 minus ast fy upon bd fck the values are substituted here. So, ast was sort to be 333.83 mm square using 10 mm bar the spacing it is area of 1 bar into 1000 divided by ast which we have calculated above. So, that was sort to be 235.3 mm hence provide 10 mm diameter bar hysd bars at 225 mm center to center. So, this is the spacing of the reinforcement in x direction and it is we provide alternate bent up bars. Next, we are supposed to calculate the reinforcement in y direction again the reinforcement in y direction is also a main reinforcement. This reinforcement will be placed above the reinforcement in x direction. So, hence the effect to depth is calculated once again it is effect to depth d is equal to effect to depth of previous case that is in x direction minus 8 that is 8 mm we are supposed to we are providing 8 mm diameter bars therefore, it will be 152 mm is the effect to depth. Now, for from the relation again g 1.1 b we are supposed to calculate the area of steel in y direction m u is equal to 0.87 fy astd into 1 minus ast fy upon bd fck m u in y direction is 13.81 into 10 to the power of 6 it is 0.87 fy is 415 ast into d is 152 into 1 minus ast fy upon bd fck. So, we get asts 260.9 mm square using 8 mm bars spacing of 8 mm bars was thought to be pi by 4 area of 1 bar into 1000 divided by this ast calculated. So, that was sort to be 192. So, therefore, provide 8 mm diameter bars at 190 mm center to center it is it specifies the prescribed maximum limit of clause that is that is 3D or 300 mm spacing should not be more than it should be less than 3D or 300 mm. Next we have to check it for shear so, tub v this is nominal shear stress it is v u upon bd v u is 17.96 into 10 to the power of 3 divided by b 1000 into 160 d it is 0.112 newton per m square. So, we have to calculate percent steel because we have to calculate first tau c tau c from table number 19 of IS 456 2000. So, in that first column is percent steel therefore, we have to calculate percent steel. So, it is percent steel is calculated it is area of 1 bar into 100 divided by 225 is your spacing which we have we are providing for 10 mm bar and this is a effective depth d. So, that was sort to be 0.1812 and 8 percent so, if you refer the table 19 we get tau c for this particular percent steel 0.218 the tau c was out to be 0.33 newton per m square for m 20 grade concrete. So, enhancement factor for the slab that means as per <IP_ADDRESS> so, the permissible shear carrying capacity is k tau c it is k tau c so, since the thickness of the slab is 180 mm. So, it is k tau c was sort to be 33 percent greater that is 0.33 into 1.24 the 1.24 is the value of k. So, permissible stress is 0.409 newton per m square. So, therefore, tau c max again the tau v which we have calculated it should be less than tau c it should also be less than the tau c max half the tau c max that also we should ensure. So, hence it is shear reinforcement is not required in this particular case. Next last step check for deflection L by D provided is 26 and which should be less than L by D max. So, for L by D max again we have to refer figure number 4 of IS 456 2000 so, we have to find out F 1 it is 20 into F 1 F 1 from the figure number 4 it was sort to be 1.6 for percentage steel 0.128 and we have to calculate F s first then with respect to the percentage steel for this value of F s 240 newton per m square so, it was sort to be 1.6. So, 20 into 1.6 it is 32 which is greater than 26 so, therefore, L by D max is 1.6 20 that is 32 which is greater than L by D provided hence deflection control is satisfactory. Then we have to provide a torsional reinforcement at corner the size of the mix it is L x by 5 4 1 so, it was sort to be 8 32 mm the size of the wall is to be added to it so, it is 300 mm so, 300 plus 8 32 it was sort to be 11 mm area of torsional reinforcement is three fourth of area of steel in x direction so, that is 333.33 it was sort to be 250.01 so, using 8 mm mesh we get 200 mm center to center the mesh of 8 mm diameter bars 200 mm center to center. So, then reinforcement at edge so, it will be minimum steel AST 0.12 into 1000 into D divided by 1000 it was sort to be 216 mm so, spacing of this particular steel so, this was sort to be 232 mm so, therefore, provide 8 mm diameter bar 225 mm center to center it is the reinforcement in the edge strip which is as shown in figure number 1. Now, this is the figure which shows you the reinforcement in x direction this is x direction and this is the reinforcement in y direction so, reinforcement in x direction it is 10 mm diameter bars 225 mm center to center so, alternate bar bent up alternate bar is bent up or each bar is bent up once bent up is on this side and shorter on one on right side and another bent up will be on the left side so, similarly you get the reinforcement in y direction it is 8 mm diameter bar 190 mm center to center again bent up on one side for one bar bent up on the other side for the another bar because the 50 percent of the steel should go up to end then these are the corner reinforcement mesh 8 mm diameter bar mesh at all 4 corners then this is edge steel edge strip steel in all 4 edge strips so, these are the references used for this particular presentation. Thank you. Thank you one and all.


Everybody forced here ripping is Sunday fun at NFL 25 box honors first off the line football mixer number three Find these results anytime elite sports cards.com. There's a link in chat currently The results quick link on the website is the very bottom of the page. Yeah, let's go ahead and get started We will start with some leaf valiant. We'll start with the leaf valiant two boxes of that I'm sure I got Google up some of these guys. I'll probably have to Google. Yeah, it should be a good break Lot of potential in this thing. All right first up is a Kyron Williams that goes to the Rams numbered to 15 You're all by the way, Sam Howell commanders to 15 next up is Adana Adani Mitchell Adani Mitchell to 40 guessing he is not currently NFL that is Correct. He is in college random to everybody at the end Peer strong junior rookie auto to 20 for an hour. Yeah, but a auto for the Patriots there after that is an Honor guard die-cut auto. He leaves happy for the Patriots as well That was the 30 after that. He got Joseph Nata auto to 20 Joe to Joseph Nata. He is still Clemson, right? Or is he? Yeah, yeah, he's gonna be the trap this year. All right. Yep. We ran him tall at the end Um, next up is a Jermaine Johnson the second for the Jets number four four After that he got Slade Bolden auto we slayed bolder with forget also don't know if it changed Slade Bolden Ravens yeah, he was way by them as the only team he's ever been on that's gonna go Ravens and Slade Bolden 25 redemption Drake London Falcons Drake London Falcons and then one of one pre-production proof is a Sam Heward that I see we ran up to all at the end as well Sam Heward Crystal red pre-production proof one of one or one more of those valiant What's going on Randy? How much mean Jake are watching? Kings Oilers here Doing the mixer just getting started actually this is only box two Got a Kennedy Brooks out after the Eagles five out of five Kennedy Brooks After that is a Jaden Reed a four of seven Jaden Reed Still in college or it was in college his past year. So that's gonna be ran up to all at the end After that is a jacquari Roberson Jacquari Roberson, he's college, right? Roberson. Oh, no, I think he's Cowboys, isn't he? Definitely has NFL experience here professional career Cowboys. Oh Cowboys Steelers Bills Rams Houston Roughnecks Um Looks like he was with the Rams the longest Yeah, we'll go Rams. That was the most recent NFL team. He's not on the team So we'll go Rams on what the Roberson plus he was there for a while More high-end hockey breaks I wish Jonathan. I wish we need more high-end hockey to come out a Xavier Hutchinson auto 8 of 40. I'm guessing he is also We ran it to everybody at the end Yep, still in college or via Iowa State. So ran it to all the ends Rising stock auto Troy Franklin. I'm guessing that is the same Troy Franklin cool design on that one Yep, ran it to everybody at the ends. That's three of five Maybe I'll see if Rich can get some more of the cup in at a reasonable price Uh tanner mckay, that's ran it to everybody at the end as well to 20 Did you really Patrick? Get a Sam Hubert again this time is to four ran it to everybody at the end A cold turner, I'm guessing that's right. It's everybody at the end He's that dude that plays all all the positions, right? Pretty cool turners are there. Yeah, it ran it to all at the end of cold turner Redemption is Jameer Gibbs Is he any NFL Jake? I don't think so either Just gonna double check here. Yeah Bama running back, right Gibbs And Trayvon Walker pre-production proof one-of-one prismatic red for the jaguars on the back. Hope you're ready for that All right, up next we'll do some origins. There's 2022 origins already getting into the uh Good hitting boxes here. Oh, is that a book? Did I pick out the box of the book? I show did Show did 2022 origin top. You got AJ Turrell to $199 for the Falcons and Damien Harris to $299 pats Dobbs and a Tyler Algear rookie auto. What is up with that auto dude to $99 for the Falcons? He'd ever signs like that. What is going on with this one? John met you the third rookie jersey Texans to $199 I don't know. He doesn't sound like that. He signs bigger than that. What's going on there? He gave up It's like a good enough Carson strong rp8 of 49 for the Eagles Find his penmanship from this class Carson strong Eagles And we got a breeze hall to 49 rpa book for the Jets Nice card Jets Let's do illusions now 2022 illusions two boxes Hand was tired. I you know, that's actually might be legitimate if his hand was tired Signed for 40,000 stickers Yellow diamond Javante Williams to $299 Broncos with a mystique Carson strong to $199 Eagles Breeze Hall amazing there Sean Alexander Kenneth Walker the third dual jersey Seahawks There's the Breeze Hall amazing inserts 275 Josh Allen bills and came of cards Desmond Ritter That chair might be worse dude All these chairs. We have the worst chair game of all time in this office DeAndre Swift jersey card for the Lions We're gonna get one of these chairs the one that I got and Matthew Stafford shining stars WD-40 won't even fix a lot of it because a lot of the other ones have like leather against leather. So Oh, well Matt Corral. This is gonna look cool. Hollow heroes case hit Matt Corral Panthers this one. I don't know this one. This one probably belongs in the dumpster, honestly Dalton Cook to $499 for the Vikings And Funkadelic Aaron Rodgers to $399 Packers Not in my breaking studio First impressions rpa Raiders Amir White to $50 on the uh rpa like I said Operation detonation is 75 Christian Watson for the Packers Jayce you got to stop moving I think I don't know what to do. He's got to just stop moving. I'm gonna give up It's a $499 Josh Allen for the bills the Steak Kyle Hamilton me and chairs A long time enemy Christian Watson with a Dan Marino Funkadelic Auto Grads Dolphins that's pretty sick five out of 15 dolphins Dan Marino Funkadelic Auto Berks rising stars Here's the chairs trying their best Kyle Well, I guess Kyle's in the glass half full Someone's got to 309 Tyree kill for the Dolphins Mystique viewless Jones jr. We trying to stay calm Operation detonation Lamar Jackson with a 400 points card rent everybody at the end All right one more 2022 illusions 75 Kyle pits Balkans Mystique viewless Jones jr. Bears at 299 office chair quarterbacking Illegals back everybody. You know what that means That'll yield back Rams Henry Ellard on the elusive ink to 75 Mazing's Harry kill It's 499 Dalvin cook Vikings a funkadelic Kenny picket rookie insert for the Steelers Tide Chandler rookie signs Vikings number 250 there Operation detonation Watson got rookie to 399 Garrett Wilson for the Jets Mystique looks like a black so yeah to 50 Trey McBride Cardinals illegal did I win in fantasy this week? Kenneth Walker the third Sean Alexander jewel jersey Seahawks again Two boxes two of those cards shining stars Lamar rookie to 199 Breeze Hall Jets Mystique Matt Corral. I didn't win again, dude. What the heck? So rigged Dude, I only lost by like 120 Tyree kills sky more jewel jersey chiefs amazing Eckler Oh, I won last week. I thought I was I was I was I went to go into this week. That's cool My home is the 499 chiefs funkadelic Dan Marino to 399 dolphins Yeah, well, that's not my fault. You know whose fault that is. I'll tell you right now that is um starling marté's fault actually And sandy alcantra's fault Yeah, he uh That's whose fault that is Worst first round pick of all time, dude first impressions sam howl rpa commanders to 50 nice card With a shining stars picket to 75 Steelers I knew I should have drafted rich hill in the first round Didn't he have like seven Ks in there or something like that? ridiculous, dude 2022 phoenix hobby hybrids Should have taken rich hill in the first round. I knew it. I'm that's all right. I'm tanking. I think we get that first round pick number one overall All right phoenix h2 Yeah, I'm blaming sandy alcantra for that one. That's that's what I'm doing there Hey, I can't I can't coach my ace any better.  There's a chance high rouse christian watson Okay, want to be though davis price got tom brady fire and ice bucks five out of 50 Nameth Don't name it. Can you pick it? You got hot routes divo Purple olave.  What up vaughn? What's up, man? Got an orange matt ryan for the Colts That one is to 75 and a joe burrow contours. All right Does each two's have more cards than the hobbies? weird Speaking of phoenix hobby. That's what's next It's got f1 on the team and pete fairbanks. Now. What do you say? Jake wants the team It's a 50 rookie patch auto chris olave saints very nice saints doing well here. I would definitely take a look Alcantra fairbanks efflin silver de andre hopkins I'd make the team good. I got all too big on back at some point Got goldy Printing played for the bills at Dawson Knox. Yeah, one of one Dawson Knox plant doors the marge axe Is there a way to just transfer the team? Co-manage. No, are you just gonna have I'm not doing it. I'm not doing any work If I if I I'm doing 100% of or none of it 250 george kittles for the Niners Samkin team with jake jake says no Got a lot of a hot routes Playing it will be to show them Is he not good? he's Got a mario to pink for the falcons number to 199 You have to tell the truth here jake. This is only truth told me. He's not like He won us our first game I mean So 99 Trayvon Walker rookie patch for the jaguars There we go and a color burst rookie christian watson packers Yeah, dude, jake shut that down quick I need to find out if it's a crumble cookie. I mean, you know where we're staying at a bokeh Got a trick london Oh, that's a green and it's claimed ours tana hill titans number 17 at 25 jersey number Going towards my homes If he needs help sure Yeah, jake's consulting sessions for fantasy baseball only cost $400 and they're 30 minutes one of 25 rookie yardo Calvin also the third stealers Responsible rookie silver jesson ross for the chiefs. He said he wants a hundred percent of the word He already helped me draft and you see how that's going Got lava dachshund hill rookie bangles to 175 I didn't tell you to choose p favorite ranks or carrot wilson.  I know I did choose that one towards the end Got purple jesson jefferson vikings number to 125 Oh, yeah, let me let me know what they got vaughn. Let me know. Should I just bring up crumble right here? Let's see what they got jake Oh, oh, do you see this? Are you seeing this right now? Dude jake's so excited right now. You got orange debonte adams raiders. What am I looking at number to 99? Oh Oh, is that a red velvet What is that flamethrowers, uh herbert there Dude, I'm getting all those. This is sick This every week to do this intro. Yeah, they do they do the video every week. They do the video every week, dude Yeah, dude, this week is gas this week is gas. All right. What are these? Cookies and cookies and cream milkshake yo Derek Carr milk chocolate chip.  Yes buttermilk pancake. Yep. Oh my goodness Aidan hushinson rookie for the lions number two 199 Dude, how early I took fairbanks earlier for him getting like two saves the whole year It was in it was the top 10 rounds for triple chocolate chip. Oh, that's that's it, dude Mystery cookie What does that even mean? All right. Anyway, 2021 chronicles hobby They just choose a random one I rather just choose my own Dude, all those look way like better than any of them last week. The best one last week was that twix one though The uh the caramel shortbread or whatever. Yeah, that thing was flames So good, dude So good nausea harris score rookie for the uh stealers there score rookie silver Trellance dine-a-gon rookie red for the diners to 99 Weekly pizzas. Yeah, I'm down with that illegal. Is this the new things new trends weekly pizzas weekly Ian book saint's rickety jersey card to 399 Crumble fridays Yeah, I'm getting I'm getting crumbled Tuesday. I think even though I got the fair next to me. So it's tough Because I can just walk across the street now like literally walk across the street and get a funnel cake topped with ice cream at any time Pretty much any time It's getting it's it's ridiculous. Jonu Smith pats on the ascension auto Another week or so I can do that. I might have to just go there tomorrow Yeah, five to ten tomorrow AJ Brown to 25 of the Titans Yeah, we should have a big hit now. I said that's a great price Higley Grats, man mac jones great iron kings rookie auto to 99 patriots Areas there's mac Yeah, spencer called it. We'll get that one magged for you pats Echo to 399 chargers Why would I not do that jane? just in fields dak prescott why why Whatever the the option was funnel cake or funnel cake with ice cream. So I did a logical thing Nausea Harris for keep prison black silver for the Steelers You don't get it with ice cream 299 JC horn Panthers. I was thinking about no, but then the guy had sprinkles next to it I was like, dude Plus I saw the person in front of me the ice cream was like It was like this big on top. Oh, yeah, that's perfect Like a card of JC horn Definitely did not ruin the funnel cake at all It oh, dude, so good I regret literally zero things. I did it to fair Even the ride that shook my brain too hard and probably uh Gave me the mildest of concussions 2021 mosaic choice. Yeah, I'll do this one. I already picked it up No, not that. Um, we don't really have a viewing area for breaks Higley And we have that silver roquan smith bears mosaic divante parker dolphins Red and yellow choice auto Broncos Jerry Judy Red and yellows now to 80 James and Crowder See nice uh peacock coming up here Uh, Crowder jets to 80 and Cortland Sutton Broncos to 80 Sinexa Donny Peacock Derek Brown Panthers If you really want to Let's sit next to Donny Got red and green rookie racer McMath Titans and a red and yellow Jalen Darden rookie bucks to 80 All right, not the best box there Let's get back to 2022.  Let it know That's pointless. You got to get a bite of the funnel cake and the ice cream at the same time Got hot roach jerozita 199 jets Garrett Wilson I was literally just gonna get a funnel cake until the person in front of me got the ice cream on top too And I was like, dude, it looked way too good and it was way too good Triple patch Niners to 25 Garoppolo Kittle and Samuel Yeah, the the gaming shop is sick. The gaming shop is is definitely the place to be Micah Parsons auto for the Cowboys like I would take I would take uh Whatever sports box I bought and I go rip it at the game shop Micah Parsons Cowboys and 10 of 99 Packers Romeo Dobbs on the rpa book Ben and Jerry set a funnel cake ice cream Probably not illegal. That's a great idea though. It's just like a fried dough Any fried dough with ice cream on top? That's what you got to get Chief's patch card to 49 mammoth material is Skymore. Yeah, I wouldn't I wouldn't change what I did Jersey card to 199 lions. I'm on Ross St. Brown TJ Hoosman's auto auto to 75 Bengals And we've got a Shannon sharp Playbook Jersey laundry tag auto one of one Broncos Congrats Broncos one of one Shannon sharp scale 2022 obsidian and limited two boxes of each Let's do a limited first He yells when you open Gino. Hey a jamo.  He takes risks We'll gamble in every now and then you know gotta take some risks Those are the Sean Watson to 99 for the Browns Jersey car Lamar Jackson says 75 Ravens I used to spend six games rookie tight chandler And an auto limited ink bills. That's dug fluty to 99. That's right a dug fluty auto Bill's legend Okay, 2022 limited. Oh, yeah, that's fine three golden rookie The lions rookie auto Malcolm Rodriguez is 75 RPA Brian Robinson jr.  I'm not me I think so illegal I think that's the most iconic playing culture ball Wanda Robinson rookie giants green to 50 Got olave rookie to 100 for the saints. Yeah, what other plays like would be up there because like that's the best Hail Mary That's a lava there Got his ass fill the rookie base Falcons the 50 rookie eruption Drake London three-color patch That's what I was thinking the Stanford band plays by the next one What about the kick six is that that's a pretty good one 299 rookie auto Micah Abernathy Packers Kick six has got to be at least up there with those I think Magnetic auto to 25 Browns Nick Chubb Kick six is definitely the the best one of the best like 30 years I would think to 75 matrix material patch auto a j Dylan Packers E.J. Dillon and almost the almost the Big hitting stuff already ricky purple trayvon walker to 100 Jags and a bow melton. There you go. Seahawks 10 at 25 Davis mills To 75 Kyle Hamilton rookie jersey card for the Ravens That's true. Shane Rookie eruption James Cook the 75 patch card bills four-color patch Eagles Jordan Davis rookie auto numbered to 199. Was that in 2013 when they went Auburn lost the Florida state in the national championship? Was that that year? Or is it more recent Matt Corral to 175 rookie dual jersey auto for the uh panthers All right zena photo Two zena photo Oh last 2013 day now. It's 10 years ago. Oh my god. I can't believe that was 10 years ago Man, wow That's pretty interesting Cameron Thomas rookie for the Cardinals That's kind of wild jaylen hurts Packers christian watson first off the line rpa to 50 Grats to the Packers Oh, yeah. Yeah, that whole uh that whole game. Yeah, I agree with that. I'm with Vaughan Jason Taylor inscriptions out of dolphins to 100 as well Aaron roger z team Packers to 50 and rookie wave of Kenny Pickett One more zena photo and then we're into it's all iMac honors or prison photo after this so Buckle up I'm with Vaughan though that whole hook and lie that whole uh boysy state the whole like fourth quarter like the end of the Fourth quarter of that fiesta bowl for sure Jimmy ruckett rookie jets That was like the that was like the biggest upset of like a big game like ever at that time Damian Harris pats got trail on berks now rpa Congrats to the titans first off the line 22 out of 50 Got a justin herbert inscriptions on it a 50 for the chargers Man these boxes been good There we go chargers herbie to 50 get that in a mag for you on the card to Nice pacific revolution erin rogers. That's a cool one and then you've got a thunder and lightning Uh garoppolo and debo. What's music city miracle? I don't know what that is All right. What to do next? Let's do 222 iMac first off the line Oh, that was an NFL game. We're talking like most Famous college football football play I guess I think I know that was a terminology, but yeah They're like moment Oh, it's okay. That was a new tube chat Who's that for NFL next? What do you think is the most iconic NFL play Like the most famous NFL play 10 of 23 kyle pits Sam Sam over what? Berkey patch johann dots and the 10 commanders The Oh against the ravens.  That's pretty cool. I would say the mini apples miracle Minneapolis miracle. That's a good choice Joe bucks cull. That's probably one of his greatest all-time greats auto one-of-one dan mikowski for the Packers That's pretty cool. Yeah helmet catches up there. I would say um malcolm butler at the goal line um I would say uh Yeah, mini apples miracle j spot on with that one. That's a great one I black rookie patch auto kyle hamilton to 99 for the ravens Philly Philly. Yeah, Philly Philly Maybe that like whole game. I guess. I don't know like that only people from philly. I'll be talking about that play George Pickens eight of 18 a green first off the line rba Steelers Oh, yeah the catch Montana Clark. Yeah, we'll get that mag for a Steelers congrats on the partial logo patch there Oh, yeah miracle the meadowlands is a great one That's a fantastic one To me that he goes plays more iconic than Philly Philly Maybe obj the g the djax return is is yeah obj is one hand to catch obj is one hand to catch is a good one I think if you were to ask people like that like if you were to ask people under like 25 years old obj one hand to catch that effect on my generation was crazy Yeah, and it changed like It was like a stef curry effect Bro, that was I'm I'm with Jake the obj one hand to catch has got to be up there That broke everybody's brain dude What about what about the replacement raster one did this and then the other did this in the end zone? That was iconic To 23 cd lamb cowboys first off the line there I'm trying to think if there's any like big books books don't have like a sing a singular like play I guess Rookie patch kind of the walk of the third seahawks to 25 with the hall Exactly Vaughan Paul Yeah, jefferson's catch was better, but it wasn't as like viral or like groundbreaking as the obj one It didn't it didn't have nearly the same effect Not even like in the same stratosphere four color patch to 25 patriots mac jones We're not talking about best catch out. We're talking about Most iconic Yeah, I wasn't in school either I was in college doesn't count. I wasn't doing anything Uh two color patch jerry canary titans to 99 Oh legal why what are you why are you doing this? I hate that freaking guy RPA titans to son haskins to 99 i'm not surprised either i'm just more i'm just more Uh shook and sad I guess And check this out Garrett wilson the k from new york on the first out the line green prime patch rookie auto Yeah color match 15 out of 18 There we go congrats on that one jet. That is a beauty. That's going into mag Think it's time for prison photo Get your spots for tomorrow everybody matt slyve at 10 a.m. Eastern with daytime baseball breaks Yeah, you guys are right You guys are right illegal time out time Illegal time out time for sure He earned that one. He earned that one. All right 2021 prison photo Anyway, what about when uh miles garret hit uh Hit that bum with his helmet.  He'll be he'll be back in about four minutes now Crabtree and toleaf fight. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. That's a good one. It's got a waddle base rookie for the dolphins More egg orange 249 dairy slate and giants But the the malice malice of the palace. Oh man That's pretty iconic We can do mba now. We've talked about a good amount of the football ones Bro Cox hovered purple power pat tilman. Nice It's a 49 to a 49 for the uh cardinals 400 points for everybody at the end. Oh, this is our guys points card very badly centered. Sorry about that Not gonna grade well Yeah, vince will forks two interceptions. That's like comic Rogers trash blue shimmer dairy a slave for the eagles Where's he playing next year eight at 25 eagles? Oh I already forgot where he's on jaylen rager to 225 eagles Oh, I forgot to count the packs in this. I think it's the right amount of packs though I forgot to count It wasn't started by a beer The players started is like ben wallace and ronar test. Oh, he's okay Oh, so he's back at philly. I don't know. Who am I thinking? I'm thinking like bradbury or something Or cj gj Red shimmer rookie. I'm on raw saint brown Love it 22 at 35 lions that would matter for you lions. Congrats Not perfect centering on this but still a sick card green scope auto tracewan smith ucf legend of 49 for the saints But yeah, someone threw like a beer and it hit run our test laying down on the scorers table And then he ran in the stands started sort of brawlin Stokes parsons a red shimmer. Hayden hearst falcons Bangles legend right there to 35 purple ice 225 lamar jackson color match Ravens the silver rachon evans or the titans Chris evans and jaylen phillips purple icy and book rookie for the saints number to 225 All out the vante atoms Yeah, vaughn is an mba historian. We all know that Hyper to 175 chris karson seahawks First they bought the beer. Oh, we're gonna step by step. This is good. This is good terrace marshal jr. Jamar jefferson silver.  They're allowed to they're allowed to come and And duke it out. That's how I feel Not only do you get kicked out for life, but you should have to fight the the athlete as well If if they want to do so Quiddie pay rooseau blue wave the 199 tire recilled chiefs We need some law and order in these arenas and stadiums Kenneth gainwell cleal herbert blue wave rookie jaylen phillips dolphins to 199 rookie silver 22 hour rams. Yeah, he goes back green shimmer Marcus peters ravens to five number to four or five Marcus peters ravens red wave to 149 cam newton pass all right It went on here 2021 immaculate hobby Yeah, I think we'll definitely leave the group in penalty minutes Yeah, I yeah, it's a good that's a go of on the final the final three minutes of game seven of the 2016 mba finals. Yes Oh, man What uh, what I remember I was watching I was glad I was watching that one live. That was uh So many emotions and something like that things for again Randy moss number 275 vikings Look at this patch Dude kevin byard five out of five game war with the grass stain and it's a name play That's disgusting Literally filthy for the titans That's awesome, man With the gigantic grass stain on the d and byard That's so that's so sick. We got a numbers rpa simi fahoko to 81 with the cowboys We got rookie shadow box signatures mac jones to 49 Congrats pats. We'll get that one bagged for you triple jersey autostealers diante johnson number to 99 Wolves one Well, he's good for them. I guess player warren triple jersey out diante johnson stealers And numbers rpa e and buck to 16 saints right What to do now? What to do now? Should we end with? 2020 immaculate, I think we should right? Let's do all the honors boxes. We'll start with 2020 because it's hobby and then do the 2022 honors photos after that one 2020 honors hobby baseball has a lot of those moments because like you can end and walk offs so much more easily I think And like one play can change the game so much quicker than in other sports. You know what I mean? I think baseball has a ton of those dude. I always think of the brand a lot walk off two days ago No, uh, david david freese in the 2011 world series. I always think of that guy We will see But there's there's just so many dude. They're even for my team the red sox like being biased. There's a ton The uh, they were tees off walking meanwhile. It was been while. Yep that one. I'm thinking oh for though the steal Smiley's glitch with the catchable was perfect game Her kingdom was pretty good There's a rugs rookie for the raiders. This one's numbered to 70 and a darnold for the jets numbered to 20 darnold and rugs There's a lions christ spielman auto milestone scripts chris spielman two of five On a 2017 pantheon card and rookie auto jordan love nice It's a 49 packers Well, yeah, joe carters has to be up there rosé davis off-chamber 2022 honors photo whether you agree with it or not the uh, the berry bonds breaking the record I remember that not saying like it was awesome. But like I for sure remember that Sticks in my head 2022 honors photo two of them Yeah, big wire social home run chase. I remember that as a kid The longoria game 162 2012 right 2011 yeah 11 i was gonna say i was the red sox collapse Red Sox collapse like the worst september like ever dude the rosé davis home run, dude mac jones pat's that one's numbered to 99 and a debo niner's purple first off the line to 12 rookie auto purple brice hall jets to 15 One of one zeke auto you go cowboys. That's on a 2018 full-awless recollection collection Roger davis, what year was that again? My favorite was the 2017 astra. I was one in the world series That was my favorite Did you hear what I said jake? I said the ash I was running the 2016 the 2017 world series my favorite We've got a marriota falcons numbered to 99. Yes, that was the trash. Purple debo again 7 to 12 this time Malik willis purple rookie auto for the titans Number to 15 Dude, I hope we're big. I hope we're building something big in that box And a one-of-one rod woodson indelible ink recollection collection for the Steelers 2019 impeccable card there There's Steelers one-to-one rod woodson legend All right, 2020 iMac to finish it up here Best of luck, especially to all you teams with a big quarterback eagles bangles chargers Even dolphins yeah watching her all this chat me to give up clutch bombs is like it's like my favorite pastime There's like a whole highlight reel of that Dude, yes, yes the joey bats bat flip that was a moment That was a moment. I was watching that live too. Oh my god. Yeah, dude. I was watching that forgot about that game That was just a ds too. Oh my that was legendary Yes, an 11. Yeah at 11 all the rangers airs. Yep It's a 60 jim kelly bills Jersey card john riggins to 49 for washington He had then rudin the door punched him in the jaw Remember that too. That was a good moment That whole like saga just so good Nike swoosh carry on johnson lions to five Player worn and doesn't matter. He punched him in the regular season joey bats dunked on him in the in the playoffs The joey bats moments still above the punch for me for sure Prime patch rpa colt commit bears to 25. Oh, yeah angel hernandez Ubaldo Jimenez, right? Is that who had the perfect game? angel hernandez Was angel hernandez? No, it was angel hernandez. It wasn't Ubaldo Jimenez either It was uh, what was his name? It wasn't it wasn't him it was It was galeraga For tigers. Oh, yeah, it was premium patch auto on marie cooper cowboys the 49 that's sick It was i'm just galeraga and the guy at first base blew it cowboys and marie cooper And on the back is an rpa la visca chanel jr. It's a 99 for the jags He said on draves. It was armando armando on draves was uh The hitter from the nineties, right? All right guys Well, unfortunately, we avoided a big hit um And a lot of the last few boxes, but we're gonna random off these Randoms to everybody here at these autos and then we'll do a recap I was to do with the big like walrus looking mustache So i'm just gonna go in the like the reverse out of these were pulled for the most part so the auto i did the The order here isn't super super important So i'm just gonna i haven't stacked this just a way that i was setting them down as we were going through it That's just how they're gonna go here. All right, so we got uh We got 10 here in this order in this order. We'll do the top spot jamir gibbs second cold turner third sam huard The fourth tanner mckay fifth troi franklin sixth and save your hudgenson seven jade reed eighth joseph natta ninth adana adani michael And sam huard one of one for the uh 10 spot there in that order Randoming off these autos to everybody Good luck everybody Go three times here two and one three times Again top 10 spots one two and three So we've got patriots vikings chargers the rams combo cowboys saints bears uh the raiders combo bucks and jags That's the first one on top Oh, we got points to do two points now We'll still go three times on the points Not gonna re-roll Again top two for points here A couple a couple uh 400 points cards again.  I rolled a three the first time We'll go three here top two one two and three chiefs commanders on the points quick recap The green shimmer marcus peters to five printing plate dawson knocks one of one for the bills relics of john matchy the third Deandre swift dual chiefs is sky moor and tyree kill dual seahawks here twice here kind of talk of the third and uh shan alexander trevon walker ian book almond raw same brown garrick wilson sky moor triple niners here you've got groplow kiddle and debo lamar jackson adan hutchinson kyle hamilton james cook drake london derek henry mac jones kenneth walker the third jehan dotson triple chiefs there okoye charles and uh ceh kevin byard game war nameplate patch riggins and a swoosh of carrion johnson I'm getting into the autos now you had redemption drake london bailey zappy slade bolden jacquery roverson pierre strong jr. kyron william sam howell kennedy brooks jermaine johnson the second tyler algear karson strong on the rpa henry ellard elusive ink tide chandler rookie auto got rpa first impressions of mere whites and sam howell funcandellic dan marino out of the 15 dolphins chrysalave rpa calvin austin the third auto jonah smith jerry judy michael parsons tj hushman zata redemption lions james and williams ricky patch auto jumbo silver spotlight from limited Yeah, Doug foodie bills Malcolm rodriquez brian robinson jr. commanders jordan davis michael abbranathe matt corral a j dylan patch auto magmatic nick chubb auto jason taylor inscriptions auto first off the line zenith rpa's or christian watson and treylon berks Books we had brice hall rpa booked to 49 from origins and plavo gromeo dobs Out of the packers there Other autos we had a kyle hamilton eye black rpa hassan haskin true rpa treyquan smith jante johnson simi fahoko And ian book lavisca chanel jr. marie cooper for the cowboys and a coal comet bears prime patch ricky auto there The one-of-one shannon sharp broncos laundry tag Patch auto booklet from playbook. Let me get a photo with that put it away anything else We had the red shimmer almond rossame brown to 35 rookie 2021 prison for the lions mac jones great iron king's auto from 2021 chronicles rookie out of there rookie out of mac jones shadowbox signatures that's inscriptions auto herbert chargers to 50 The first off the line green rookie prime patch out of to 18 garret wheels and jets of the k from new york and the color match first off the line rpa sealers george pickens from iMac photo to 18 purple rookie autos from honors photo brice hall jets and malik willis titans both of those are to 15 and honors rookie auto from 2020 honors jordan love packers numbered to 49 Recollection collection autos now the next few you had a rod woodson stealers two of five chris speelman lions And one-of-one zeke for the cowboys, you know one-to-one macowski auto for the packers from iMac And tram on a walker one-of-one pre-production proof arithmetic red for the jacks All right, that'll do it. Thanks again everybody


Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE. Covering Dell Technologies World 2019. Brought to you by Dell Technologies and its ecosystem partners. Hello, welcome back to theCUBE. Lisa Martin with Dave Vellante. We are at Dell Technologies World. This is our third day of coverage. As John has been saying, this is a cannon. A double cannon. Double cannon of CUBE content. We are pleased to welcome back a couple of alumni to theCUBE. We've got Beth Phelan, president. Data Protection Division from Dellian. It's great to have you back. And Sherrod Restugi, also welcome back. SVP of Data Protection Product Management. Guys, lots of news the last three days. 15,000 or so people, a lot of partners. We've been hearing nothing but tremendous amount of positivity and also appreciation from your customers and partners for all of this collaboration, both within the Dell Technologies Company, with partners. Some of the news though, Beth, you were on the keynote stage yesterday. Give us some anecdotes that you've heard from customers and partners the last few days about where Dell Technologies is going. Yeah, I'm happy to. And our big announcements this week were PowerProtect software and the PowerProtect X400 appliance. And what we're hearing from customers is this is exactly what we needed to do. Because the demands on data protection are changing with more and more workloads being distributed, with data being more and more important, and with the risks being more and more prevalent, that they were looking for us to take a bold step and introduce this next generation software defined platform. And so the feedback we're getting is you've done what you needed to do and they're looking forward to learning more. So, I wonder if we could sort of explore a little bit this concept of data management. So data management needs different things to different people, Sherrod. If you're a database person, it may be different from a person who's doing data protection. What does it mean in a data protection context? And I think first of all, having visibility of your data all across your infrastructure, whether it resides in the edge, the core, the cloud, across multiple applications, physical, virtual environments, right? So having full visibility of the data I think is one component. Second is sort of the ability to move that data across seamlessly across any source of any target, whether it is on-prem, in the cloud, private cloud, I think that's sort of a second element. The third and probably the most important is how do you actually get value from the data, right? How are you actually not only able to protect it, but make it available at the right time, right place for the right application and be able to use it? Because as you know, data is the fuel of the modern digital economy and making it available is really, really critical. And that to me, combining all of that is what I would consider data management to be. So double-click on that. I mean, can you be more specific about the attributes of a modern data management system? So I would say any modern technology needs to be modular, API-driven, ability to sort of automate scale, performance, coverage, all those attributes I think are very important for any modern data protection product and be able to meet the needs of our customers and high-scale, high coverage, and rapidly.  I've seen some of the conversations and charts associated with that. Or scale in place, Beth, you talked about that as well. Yeah, you did both, yeah. I want to explore a little bit about your business because who knew who would have predicted a few years ago that data protection would all of a sudden become this hot space, VCs diving in, hundreds and hundreds of millions of dollars being spent.  Yeah, yeah.  Yeah, yeah, yeah. And so, and now you got a portfolio that goes back up to the Legato days, the Avamar stuff, the data domain, et cetera, et cetera. So you had to sort of make sure that that was logical for your customers, protect those customers that have made an investment of you, but also show them a roadmap. Jeff Clark comes in, says, okay, we're going to simplify, you know, marching orders. Your business in a very rapid time has transformed. Can you talk about that, what's taken place in your business? Absolutely, Dave. And it's so interesting, even comparing last year to this year, right? We are at this pivot point where we're building on the legacy of trust and IP and knowledge and experience that we have, but we're now setting the foundation to be number one in data protection and data management for the next 10 years. And so by introducing this new set of products, we're able to bring our customers forward. We call it the path to power. So in addition to that, bring new customers into the family who are looking for those aspects of modern data management with simplicity, with multi-cloud, with automation, and with the new use cases, where it's more than just backup. It's BCDR, it's analytics, it's test and dev, it's validation. So this is whole spectrum of things that we can expand into now that we have this new platform. It's really exciting. It is exciting. And yesterday, the Under Armour video was very cool. And one of the things that they set in there is that they're leveraging data for brand reputation. I mean, Under Armour has incredible brand ambassadors, Tom Brady, Steph Curry, but looking at it as not just a business server, but this is actually tied to our brand reputation. Data is so incredibly pivotal to the lifeblood of a business, it has to be protected. Yeah, yeah. And that's a big theme. I mean, you probably have something to add too, but in this day and time, data is no longer something that maybe people in IT worry about, right? It is now the lifeblood of most of our customers' corporations. And at the same time, risks like the threat of malware are very prevalent. And so things like what we've done with cyber recovery are ways we're working with our customers to protect their data. In a survey we just did with 2,200 IT professionals, 28% of them had had some data loss in the last 12 months. So the risk of data loss is real and we take our responsibility very seriously to help our customers protect from that risk. So I like this message in any source, any target, any SLA. I would add any workload. I mean, you guys have made it. And so, talk about your differentiation in the marketplace. That would be great, because it's hard sometimes. You got to squint through all the marketing and so what makes you guys different specifically? I think Dell EMC and data protection historically has its strengths in dealing with complex workloads at high scale, with high performance and having a wide coverage of workloads, right? That's been a strength and actually at very low cost, very efficient, right? So that strength we sort of carry on into the future and what we're adding on is I would say the next degree of simplification and ease off. Ease off, install, upgrade, use, making those workloads very, very simple, right? So I think that's another dimension we're adding on. We're adding on a dimension of what we call multi-dimensional scale, which is both scale up and scale out at the same time when you actually add more nodes and more cubes. You add not only add capacity, but you also improve performance, right? That's architecturally a fundamentally different way in how we approach it. So I think that's an element of innovation and I think on performance, we're introducing our first off-lash appliance, industry first, and so we're super excited about that and so I think it just helps our customers in terms of restore, instant access to store, do those workloads a lot faster. So those are some other elements in which we continue innovating. That's great, yeah. So you talk about the PowerProtect X400, which is the off-lash. John Rose said something on stage, Beth, I want to ask you to sort of add some color. He said this is not just secondary storage, it's protected, managed infrastructure. Huh, wow, that's a great phrase. What did he mean by that and what should we take away? I mean it shows how we're broadening the use cases that these products can help satisfy and so much of what we're talking about, technologies, is a simplified infrastructure across the board, not thinking about just point products but giving the customer that experience of a seamless, extendable infrastructure. So protected, managed infrastructure means that your infrastructure is something you can confidence it's protected and that you also are not just dealing with all these pieces and parts but can think of it as a managed whole. I think that that helps, I haven't talked to John about that but that's what I take away from what he's saying. If I can just add to that, I would say like data management is sort of the perfect glue across the whole technology infrastructure but the servers, storage, VMware, HCI infrastructure, pivotal data management, data protection, sort of cuts across everything and we can bring everything together. So I see that. I mean I'd like to add something to that if I may because as you know Beth and Sharad as well, data protection backup was always, oh, we got to back it up. Okay, boom, bolt it on. And what's happening is the lines are blurring between primary storage, secondary storage. You're seeing backup and DR use cases. You talked about analytics. I mean there's so many new emerging, that's why it is so exciting. And so because those lines are blurring, you get more value out of the system. It goes beyond just insurance. And that means there's going to be a lot of money being made here. There is and there's also a really important need, right? One thing that we haven't touched on but I also think is really important is with PowerProtect we're helping combine self-service with centralized governance.  So if I'm the person who's responsible for my company's entire data set, I can still make sure that everything's happening as it should be and there are no anomalies. So we're really making it as easy as possible for the businesses within our customers to protect and manage their data but not making it the wild west. Because somebody in the end is accountable for saying I know where all the data is and I know it's protected. So we're serving both of those users. So as data protection has really elevated as Dave was saying to me, it's way beyond an insurance policy. This is absolutely table stakes because data has so much value and so much value that organizations haven't even been able to extract yet, right? How has the conversation within the customer base changed? It's not just to the admin girl or guy anymore, right? This is, are you seeing this really leveled up to maybe a senior level C level challenge as our business imperative that this data must be protected and readily accessible at any time? Who are you talking to? So I'll answer quickly and then I'll add to you. When we're talking to the IT decision makers, so CIO, you know, that level, data protection strategy has become something that they have in their priority list, right? It's not really in any way what it was maybe five or 10 years ago. Now it's something that there's core to what they hold as their responsibility as executives. And then that's great. It's great to have those kind of conversations because it's strategic. Another conversation just an example from yesterday was speaking with one of the chief architects at our major company. They're really talking about cybersecurity. And how do you use extend, you know, what we offer into a full solution across Dell technology to address, you know, there's a use case, right? So I think it's expanding beyond just backup and protection to true protection of the data where your most mission critical data is available. And not just protected, they also want to talk about how can you recover that real quickly in very quick time so that you're operational when you do have that cyber attack, right? So I think it's just expanding to touch a lot more customers, I would say, or people buying decision makers across the company. And Beth, when I talk to people in division, I sense a renewed energy, a renewed focus. I mean, EMC before Dell, Dell EMC, always been really good at taking engineering resources and getting products out to the market. But I see, again, a more focused effort here. And one of the things I'm going to keep pushing on is this notion of cloud model. So beyond just, okay, there's a target, how do we now get to that, you know, data protection as a service model? I know that you're working toward that. I know it's, you know, a lot of that's, it's early days there. But you've got to be a leader in that, I presume. So I'm going to keep watching that, pushing that. I wonder if you guys could comment on your thoughts here. I want to comment on both things that you said. First of all, there's absolutely a level of excitement and focus and confidence in what we're doing in the product groups. And really changing the way we're developing software so that we have, you know, new customer value coming out every quarter. And then we're having clarity between the top level strategies, right down to what individual engineers are working on. So that's fun and exciting. Because we are truly transforming the way we're developing product. So that's point one. And the second one, absolutely, you hear that theme throughout all of what we're talking about. You heard it on day one. You know, giving people that cloud-like experience, infrastructure as a service, which certainly includes data management and data protection, so that they can consume it in a way that fits their business, that scales with their business, that's automated, that doesn't require, you know, massive manual steps. And it's more what people expect today is a cloud-like experience even for their on-prem data centers. Clearly that's where we're moving. And just one more point is, you know, people really want automation. They don't want to have to think about, did I remember to protect everything? They want the system to do that for them. And so you'll see more of that from us as well. You know, how are we helping them with machine learning and AI and automation so that they can have confidence that all of their assets are protected even if they haven't remembered to do it all. I mean, I just add to it. I've been at Dell EMC for about a year. It's been a fantastic journey. Innovating, it's exciting. It's been an awesome, awesome experience. So I totally see the focus very driving. And I think that renewed focus, the cloud-like model and the innovation, they all go hand in hand because the old waterfall model of, okay, we're going to develop probably a shipment every year, 18 months, whatever it is, that doesn't fly anymore. People want innovations, you know, they want to push code every day, right? So, or maybe every quarter at least. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, and it brings a new energy to the engineers as well. Yeah, so I mean, I understand that many of your team, if not your entire engineering team has been trained in Agile. Is that, am I getting it right? Is that right? Absolutely, yeah, yeah. And not just like internal training. You guys brought in outside people and really took them through some formal training, right? We have multiple different kinds of training and we have lots of communications inside to give people coaching and it's not just a process book that we're following. It's really a different way of thinking about how you bring customer value in small increments, staying in a good known state and making sure that we're maximizing our engineering capacity. Right, yeah. And that's big and I wish we had more time because that's cultural change. Yeah, yeah. That you guys are really driving and we also didn't have time to touch on partners but I can imagine there's a lot of excitement in your huge partner community about what you guys are doing. It is. Congratulations on all the announcements. We're just going to have to have you back because there's just so much more to dig into with Beth Sharad, thank you for joining Dave and me this afternoon on theCUBE. Thank you both. Thank you so much, thank you. Our pleasure. Yes. For Dave Vellante, I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching theCUBE live from day three of Dell Technologies World 2019 on theCUBE. Thanks for watching.


As all talking legal matters, legal practitioners have expressed their displeasure over the recent conflicting orders by seven court judges in different states on political matters. They are saying it is an embarrassment to the legal practice. Some lawyers even fear the justice order and injunctions may have become a matter of highest bidder. The NJC has continuously drawn it to judges, don't issue expertly orders, particularly in political cases, and then you go on to issue expertly orders. You issue one, another judge can't pass it, another one can't pass it. It is the courts are not political parties. Now you are asking what the problem is. The problem is deviation from the code of conduct of judges. The expectation would be that if any one of them has, you know, is complicit as it were or is compromised, you know, such a person should be, you know, given the way, shown the way out, of course, that is after the due process of the law must have been followed. What this will do if people commit to sentences or crimes and are not punished, then there is no use having laws for beating hands.