Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the United States, and Father Hesburgh. Let's applause honoris causa on a world statesman who presides over the crucible within which the differing foreign policies of over 150 countries confront each other. Only a man with the patience, tact, and subtlety of this former Austrian ambassador and with great gratitude for what he has done today coming to us for the very first time out of Washington after his terrible accident. May I present to you Dr. Ronald Reagan, the President of the United States of America. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. Father Hesburgh, I thank you very much and for so many things. The distinguished honor that you've conferred upon me here today, I must say, however, compounds a sense of guilt that I have nursed for almost 50 years. I thought the first degree I was given was honorary. But it's wonderful to be here today with Governor Orr, Governor Bowen, Senators Lugar, and Quail, and Representative Heiler. These distinguished honorees, the trustees, administration, faculty, students, and friends of Notre Dame, and most important, the graduating class of 1981. Nancy and I are greatly honored to share this day with you, and our pleasure has been more than doubled because I am also sharing the platform with a long time and very dear friend, Pat O'Brien. Pat and I haven't been able to see much of each other lately, so I haven't had a chance to tell him that there is now another tie that binds us together. Until a few weeks ago, I knew very little about my father's ancestry. He had been orphaned at age six. But now I've learned that his grandfather, my great-grandfather, left Ireland to come to America, leaving his home in Ballypourine, the village in County Tipperary in Ireland, and I have learned that Ballypourine is the ancestral home of the O'Brien's. If I don't watch out, this may turn out to be less of a commencement than a warm bath in nostalgic memories. Growing up in Illinois, I was influenced by a sports legend so national in scope that it was almost mystical. It is difficult to explain to anyone who didn't live in those times. The legend was based on a combination of three elements, a game, football, a university, Notre Dame, and a man, Canute Rockney. There's been nothing like it before or since. My first time to ever see Notre Dame was to come here as a sports announcer two years out of college to broadcast a football game. You won, or I wouldn't have mentioned that. A number of years later, I returned here in the company of Pet O'Brien and a galaxy of Hollywood stars for the world premiere of Canute Rockney All-American, in which I was privileged to play George Gipp. Now, I've always suspected that there might have been many actors in Hollywood who could have played the part better, but no one could have wanted to play it more than I did. I was given the part largely because the star of that picture, Pat O'Brien, kindly and generously held out a helping hand to a beginning young actor. Having come from the world of sports, I'd been trying to write a story about Canute Rockney. I must confess that I had someone in mind to play the gipper. On one of my sports broadcasts before going to Hollywood, I had told the story of his career and tragic death. I didn't have very many words on paper when I learned that the studio that employed me was already preparing a story treatment for that film, and that brings me to the theme of my remarks. I'm the fifth president of the United States to address a Notre Dame commencement. The temptation is great to use this forum as an address on a great international or national issue that has nothing to do with this occasion. Indeed, this is somewhat traditional, so I wasn't surprised when I read in several reputable journals that I was going to deliver an address on foreign policy around the economy. I'm not going to talk about either. But by the same token, I'll try not to belabor you with some of the standard rhetoric that is beloved of graduation speakers. For example, I'm not going to tell you that you know more today than you've ever known before or than you will ever know again. The other standby is when I was 14, I didn't think my father knew anything. By the time I was 21, I was amazed at how much the old gentleman had learned in seven years. And then, of course, the traditional and the standby is that a university like this is a storehouse of knowledge because the freshman brings so much in and the seniors take so little away. You members of the graduating class of 1981... I don't really go back that far... are what behaviorists call achievers.  Take pride in this day. Thank your parents, as one on your behalf has already done here. Thank those who've been of help to you over the last four years. And then do a little celebrating. You're entitled. This is your day, and the color I say should take cognizance of that fact. It is a milestone in life, and it marks a time of change. Winston Churchill, during the darkest period of the Battle of Britain in World War II, said when great causes are on the move in the world we learn we're spirit, not animal. And that something is going on in space and time and beyond space and time, whether we like it or not, spells duty. Now, I'm going to mention again that movie that Pat and I and Notre Dame were in, because it says something about America. First, the Canute Rockney, as a boy, came to America with his parents from Norway. And in the few years it took him to grow up to college age, he became so American that here at Notre Dame he became an all-American in a game that is still to this day uniquely American. As a coach, he did more than teach young men how to play a game. He believed truly that the noblest work of man was building the character of man, and maybe that's why he was a living legend. No man connected with football has ever achieved the stature or occupied the singular niche in the nation that he carved out for himself, not just in sport, but in our entire social structure. Now, today I hear very often Win One for the Gipper spoken in a humorous vein. Lately I've been hearing it by congressmen who are supportive of the programs that I've introduced. But let's look at the significance of that story. Rockney could have used Gip's dying words to win a game anytime, but eight years went by following the death of George Gip before Rock revealed those dying words, his death webbed dead wish. And then he told the story at halftime to a team that was losing, and one of the only teams he had ever coached that was torn by dissension and jealousy and factionalism. The seniors on that team were about to close out their football careers without learning or experiencing any of the real values that a game has to impart. None of them had known George Gip. They were children when he played for Notre Dame. It was to this team that Rockney told the story, and so inspired them that they rose above their personal animosities. For someone they had never known, they joined together in a common cause and detained the unattainable. We were told when we were making the picture of one line that was spoken by a player during that game, we were actually afraid to put it in the picture. The man who carried the ball over for the winning touchdown was injured on the play. We were told that as he was lifted on the stretcher, he carried off the field. He was heard to say, that's the last one I can get for you, Gipper. Now, it's only a game, and maybe to hear it now afterward, and this is what we feared it might sound maudlin and not the way it was intended. But is there anything wrong with young people having an experience, feeling something so deeply, thinking of someone else to the point that they can give so completely of themselves? There will come times in the lives of all of us when we'll be faced with causes bigger than ourselves and they won't be on a playing field. This nation was born with a band of men. The founding fathers, a group so unique we've never seen their like since, rose to such selfless heights. Lawyers, tradesmen, merchants, farmers, 56 men achieved security and standing in life but valued freedom more. They pledged their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor. Sixteen of them gave their lives, most gave their fortunes, all preserved their sacred honor. They gave us more than a nation. They brought to all mankind for the first time the concept that man was born free, that each of us has inalienable rights, ours by the grace of God, and that government was created by us for our convenience, having only the powers that we chose to give it.  This experiment in man's relation to man is a few years into its third century, saying that may make it sound quite old. But let's look at it from another viewpoint, a perspective. A few years ago, someone figured out that if you could condense the entire history of life on Earth into a motion picture that would run for 24 hours a day, 365 days, maybe on leap years we could have an intermission, this idea that is the United States wouldn't appear on the screen until three and a half seconds before midnight on December 31st. And in those three and a half seconds, not only would a new concept of society come into being, a golden hope for all mankind, but more than half the activity, economic activity in world history, would take place on this continent. Free to express their genius individual Americans, men and women in three and a half seconds would perform such miracles of invention, construction, and production as the world had never seen. As you join us out there beyond the campus, you know there are great unsolved problems. Federalism, with its build-in checks and balances, has been distorted. Central government has usurped powers that properly belong to local and state governments. And in so doing, in many ways that central government has begun to fail to do the things that are truly the responsibility of a central government. All of this has led to the misuse of power and preemption and prerogatives of people and their social institutions. You are graduating from a great private or, if you will, independent university. Not too many years ago such schools were relatively free from government interference. In recent years, government has spawned regulations covering virtually every facet of our lives. The independent and church-supported colleges and universities have found themselves smashed in that network of regulations and the costly blizzard of paperwork that government has demanded. Thirty-four congressional committees and almost eighty subcommittees have jurisdiction over four hundred and thirty-nine separate laws affecting education at the college level alone. Almost every aspect of campus life is now regulated. Hiring, firing, promotions, physical plant, construction, record keeping, fundraising, and, to some extent, curriculum and educational programs. I hope when you leave this campus that you will do so with a feeling of obligation to your alma mater. She will need your help and support in the years to come. If ever the great independent colleges and universities like Notre Dame give way to and are replaced by tax-supported institutions, the struggle to preserve academic freedom will have been lost. And we're troubled today by economic stagnation brought on by inflated currency and prohibitive taxes and burdensome regulations. The cost of stagnation in human terms, mostly among those least equipped to survive it, is cruel and inhuman. Now, after those remarks, don't decide that you'd better turn your diploma back in so you can stay another year on the campus. I've just given you the bad news is the good news is that something is being done about all this because the people of America have said enough already.  We forgot that we were the keepers of the power. Forgot to challenge the notion that the state is the principal vehicle of social change. Forgot that millions of social interactions among free individuals and institutions can do more to foster economic and social progress than all the careful schemes of government planners. Well, at last, we're remembering. Remembering that government has certain legitimate functions which it can perform very well. That it can be responsive to the people. That it can be humane and compassionate. But that when it undertakes tasks that are not its proper province, it can do none of them as well or as economically as the private sector. For too long, government has been fixing things that aren't broken and inventing miracle cures for unknown diseases. We need you. We need your youth. We need your strength. We need your idealism to help us make right that which is wrong. Now, I know that this period of your life you have been and are critically looking at the more raising customs of the past and questioning their value. Every generation does that. May I suggest, don't discard the time-tested values upon which civilization was built simply because they're old. More important, don't let today's doomcriers and cynics persuade you that the best is past, that from here on it's all downhill. Each generation sees farther than the generation that preceded it because it stands on the shoulders of that generation. You're going to have opportunities beyond anything that we've ever known. The people have made it plain already. They want an end to excessive government intervention in their lives and in the economy and end to the burdensome and unnecessary regulations and a punitive tax policy that will take from the mouth of labor the bread it has earned. They want a government that cannot only continue to send men across the vast reaches of space and bring them safely home, but that can guarantee that you and I can walk in the park or our neighborhood after dark and get safely home. And finally, they want to know that this nation has the ability to defend itself against those who would seek to pull it down. And all of this, we the people can do. Indeed, a start has already been made as a task force under the leadership of the vice president, George Bush, that is to look at those regulations I've spoken of. They have already identified hundreds of them that can be wiped out with no harm to the quality of life and the cancellation of just those regulations will leave billions and billions of dollars in the hands of the people for productive enterprise and research and development and the creation of jobs. The years ahead are great ones for this country for the cause of freedom and the spread of civilization. The West won't contain communism. It will transcend communism. It won't bother to dismiss or denounce it. It will dismiss it as some bizarre chapter in human history whose last pages are even now being written. William Faulkner at a Nobel Prize ceremony some time back said man would not only endure he will prevail against the modern world because he will return to the old verities and the truths of the heart. And then Faulkner said of man he is immortal because he alone among creatures has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion and sacrifice and endurance. One can't say those words compassion, sacrifice and endurance without thinking of the irony that one who so exemplifies them Pope John Paul II a man of peace and goodness and inspiration to the world would be struck by a bullet from a man towards whom he could only feel compassion and love. It was Pope John Paul II who warned in last years in his cyclical on mercy and justice against certain economic theories that use the rhetoric of class struggle to justify injustice. He said in the name of an alleged justice the neighbor is sometimes destroyed killed or deprived of liberty or stripped of fundamental human rights. For the West for America the time has come to dare to show to the world that our civilized ideas our traditions, our values are not like the ideology and war machine of totalitarian societies just a facade of strength. It is time for the world to know our intellectual and spiritual values are rooted in the source of all strength a belief in a supreme being and a law higher than our own. When it's written history of our time won't dwell long in the hardships of the recent past but history will ask the answer determined the fate of freedom for a thousand years did a nation born of hope lose hope did a people forged by courage find courage wanting did a generation steeled by hard war and a harsh peace forsake honor at the moment of great climactic struggle for the human spirit. If history asks such questions it also answers them and the answers will be found left by generations of Americans before us. They stand in silent witness to what the world will soon know and history someday record that in the third century the American nation came of age affirmed its leadership of free men and women serving selflessly a vision of man with God government for people and humanity at peace. You know a few years ago an Australian Prime Minister John Gordon said I wonder if anybody ever thought what the situation for the comparatively small nations in the world would be if there were not in existence the United States if there were not this giant country prepared to make so many sacrifices this is the noble and rich heritage rooted in great civil ideas of the West and it is yours my hope today is that in the years to come and come it shall to explain to what is your time to explain to another generation the meaning of the past and their boy hold out to them their promise of the future that you will recall the truths and traditions of which we have spoken it is these truths and traditions that define our civilization and make up our national heritage yours to protect and pass on I have one more hope for you when you do speak to the next generation about these things that you will always be able to speak of an America that is strong and free to find in your hearts an unbounded pride in this much loved country this once and future land this bright and hopeful nation whose generous spirit and great ideals the world still honors congratulations and God bless you


One at a time, one at a time. Make sure you have control. Okay, just let me go. Who spend more time outside are happier. And he, like, matched it to human evolution. And he sort of, like, described, like, hey, we, at one point we were, like, roaming around, picking up carbohydrates and eating them and we're in the sun and we're with our family. And the people that were happy doing that are the ones that lasted and the ones that made bigger tribes and clans and procreated into humanity. Oh yeah, me too. Oh my god. I think I will.


Thursday, the doubt fell for the first time in five days, dropping more than 200 points after disappointing U.S. jobs data. The ECB opted to maintain its emergency coronavirus bond buying program, and the ECB President Christine Lagarde said the central bank will go all the way on stimulus even as economy recovers. Meanwhile, the U.S. retail sales increased a better than expected 7.5 percent in June. Welcome to the Tick-Mill Update. I'm Canada Neal, the founder of the Investeva movement. Make sure to subscribe to the Tick-Mill YouTube channel and support us by liking and sharing this video with your forex trading friends. Friday will be eyeing the EU meeting on Common Recovery Plan, Euro Areas Core Inflation Read for June, and the Michigan Consumer Sentiment for July in the U.S. Today I'm looking at the Kiwi dollar pair, which just like many other dollar crosses appears to be in the process of forming a double top bearish reversal chart pattern at a key resistance level. For this particular pair, the resistance level is at 0.6572. On the four-hour chart, the pair has entered the HMQ cloud, but the future cloud is super thin and flat, indicating we could see more consolidation at this level before a new direction is confirmed. A break below the HMQ cloud could open doors for a revisit at the pivot level of 0.64 at the very least. Will you be taking a position on this pair anytime soon? Head over to the comment section and let me know. Of course, trading the financial markets involves a risk of loss and you should only trade the money that you can afford to lose. If you liked this video, give it a thumbs up and subscribe to the Tick-Mill YouTube channel. I'll get back to you with more updates next week.


So Catherine says for intellectual property watch, I just would like to know why now, why did India didn't access the protocol before and which areas of industry will benefit the most in India from the accession? This is for the registration of the trademarks and after accession it will be useful for the Indian companies filing one common application here and that will automatically get transmitted to all the member countries and the trademarks will be registered. Similarly the same benefit and dispensation will be available to the concerned industries who wish to register their trademarks by making one application one fee. So you do not have to go through multiple applications to all the countries, get the translations in different languages. So it is facilitation for the industry, it would be useful, it works both ways for all the member countries including the Indian industry. And there is always a time, it is not a question of why now, we have a process that once we took the decision, a political decision to sign the protocol and to exceed to it, then we had to amend the trademarks act and we had to go to the parliament, it had to be debated, voted and after that once that process was completed, the legislative process accordingly we informed the Waipo and today we have submitted the documents, those are the instruments of accession to the protocol. Swiss radio followed by Jamil Denda. Katya share on Swiss radio and television. My question is I have to go back to the Novartis case with the rejection of the patent for Glyvik. The reproach was made to Indian authorities that they were overly protectionist and that their protection of their own pharmaceutical industry was at the expense of foreign innovation. What do you answer through that? The question was about whether we are being overprotective or discriminatory, I reject that. We are a rule based rule governed country, a constitutional democracy and we respect our international obligations including when it comes to registration of patents irrespective of which sector they are including in the pharmaceutical sector. We have our own pharmaceutical industry which is respected and recognized globally making a notable contribution even when it comes to the registration of drugs or patents. So in an environment or ecosystem, we are countries engaged with each other. We have multilateral organizations, agreements, protocols and treaties which determine the decisions and also influence the decision making processes. I am rather surprised that why a single case is being referred to because as far as India is concerned we have our Patents Act which has been amended twice after the TRIPS agreement was concluded and the last amendment was in the year 2005. So Indian Patents Laws are fully aligned with the TRIPS agreement and the Patents Laws of all the other countries. Now when we talk of this particular case, I would refer to the section 3D of the Patents Act which has prescribed that there has to be a higher standard when it comes to invention for Patentship. Now it was a process of adjudication where the registrar of Patents or the examiner, the controllers in very detailed orders gave the reasons for denial because we, our law does not accept evergreening. That is an incremental approach of an existing molecule or medicine unless and until there is enhanced efficacy. Now this went through later through an appellate process of intellectual property appellate board and I would like for the benefit of everyone to know that intellectual property appellate board is an authority which is entirely independent of government and which is chaired by a judge. So it's the Indian judiciary is independent and very assertive. Then it went to a high court where a division bench upheld the original order as well as the order of the appellate authority. It finally came to the highest court of judicature that's the Supreme Court of India which has examined the Patents law, the TRIPS agreement and the reasons for the denial which are absolutely justified under the laws. I would also like to mention that Novartis as such has no reason to complain on this matter because it's not an executive decision or a government decision. The government of India would never be in a position to interfere with judicial processes. We respect the independence of our judiciary and there's no way that in a constitutional democracy the governments or administration can dictate to the judiciary. Lastly, Novartis is the third largest beneficiary of the registration of patents in India. We have the first three and I can share with you, Roche has 166 patents registered of pharmaceuticals, Sonofi has 159, Novartis has 147. So when we are talking of one where the Supreme Court of India and the judiciary through various appellate processes have said that it is not at all justified, it is not a patentable medicine because it is when we talk of the medicine as such which has been refused patent it's a minor increment or addition is not enhanced efficacy of the medicine which has been scientifically proved from imatinib and imatinib missile aid. It is beta crystallization form that is all what it is all about so we have to respect the judicial verdict which is based on law which is based on facts which is based on science. When we this question is being put to me I would like a counter question that why we are not being respected for having granted 147 patents to the same company rather than when the Indian judiciary has denied one. I apologize with all due respect it's not only one case we have Merck, we have Roche, we have Bayer they all have patent denied well. Now Bayer is not patent denied that's wrong your understanding of this that particular matter is not correct it's not a denial of patent. It was again through a process of adjudication where an Indian pharmaceutical company had first applied under the law the patent holder to produce the medicine a medicine which is used for cancer treatment a medicine which was costing per month per patient 288,000 rupees and after it went through year long hearings and adjudication process where again it is not the government decision. It was a compulsory license which was given to Natco to make the same medicine which brought down the cost of treatment per month from 288,000 to 8,800 and soon thereafter other multinational companies drop the prices to compete with that price and bringing it below the compulsory licensing Natco price this is a matter of fact and record compulsory licensing is entirely legitimate and in conformity with the TRIPS agreement of the WTO. India has never embarked on the executive route though that is available to all sovereign governments. Executive authority has been used by even by developed countries they have been more than 160 times that the compulsory licenses have been granted by countries more than 63 times by through the executive route but India has never done it even this case the compulsory licensing was not an executive decision of the government which should be made absolutely clear this is a flexibility which is available to countries under law I would also like to quickly mention here that even after the compulsory licensing under the law the royalty is available to bears so it is not that they have been denied the royalty in any manner and if we are if anybody's case is that India has ever violated the multilateral treaty or its international obligations the answer is a firm no have we been as a nation state have we done anything which is unprecedented which is incorrect the answer is no India is committed to protect intellectual property but at the same time when the multilateral agreements provide a balance to be created when it comes to national health emergencies or affordable health care nations have taken decisions other countries have taken before us as I mentioned using executive authority this is going to be my last question sorry without sticking to one specific case don't enter into a debate and never answer more than one question from one journalist I've answered two of yours journalists from Brazil I was going to ask more than one question but now okay ask me to thank you the first question is whether you think there is any possibility of your decision not your decision the decision of the Supreme Court regarding Novartis having a impact in other emerging countries such as Brazil if there would be an effect also let's say some kind of consequence that countries would repeat this decision and secondly on trade if you may do you think there is any room for perhaps a bigger trade agreement between Brazil and India and what are the obstacles for that you see first of all about this particular development as I said it's a judicial pronouncement and it is being debated discussed and slowly there is a greater clarity and understanding if you read the writings in the international press not Indian press yes Indian press they have been editorial is very well informed and nobody can say that the Supreme Court has been dictated a decision they have given a verdict or the Indian media can be dictated their editorial but the international press if you read the global press including the editorial in the international Herald Tribune it is laudatory of the Indian Supreme Court judgment and they say it has created a very healthy precedent which other countries need to seriously look at as to what is patentable and what is not patentable under law so that is exactly where we are now when it comes to the issue of affordable healthcare just for the benefit of everyone here we it's true that India is the largest producer of generics medicines of the world but the generics are not imitations they are effective treatments it's using different processes and we are exporter of generic medicines to all the countries all regions of the world and the biggest importer of Indian generics or where the largest exports are made of Indian generics is definitely the leader of the developed nations the United States of America we are separately of a pharmaceutical industry after the US companies more than the European companies have the highest number of registrations Indian medicines after with the federal drugs authority I would like to add since the friend from Brazil has asked this question in the year 2007 there was a decision made under the same CL there's the flexibility under the TRIPS agreement by the Brazilian government and president Lula was concerned about the availability of a anti-retroviral where the Merck patent was involved and use the compulsory license where again it was an Indian pharmaceutical company which was asked to make that particular anti-retroviral which is life saving last year around the same time when this bears question which was raised here within two weeks of that for a breast cancer drug Indian pharmaceutical company was given the order the Sun Pharma to make this generic name is lipo docs and the original name of the medicine was the clock doxil doxil on 13th of March this year again the orders have been placed through executive authority on Indian pharmaceutical industry to make anti-cancer generic medicines available so I hope the governments whether rich countries or poor countries when it comes to life-threatening diseases and affordability of the medicines that's why when these multilateral treaties were negotiated flexibilities were put in but I as I've said I repeat we are not going to do anything ever as a sovereign nation which will find us in even remotely in breach we have never been we shall never be on the question of Brazil and India well the trade and investment between the two countries is good we are together partner countries in the very important initiative between three continents three emerging economies and three vibrant democracies called Ipsa and the next summit India will be hosting the Ipsa summit in June together we are member of the BRICS coalition but bilaterally their institutional linkages and the strategic partnership which in fact is multi-sectoral but embraces all critical sectors when it comes to technology energy renewable energies space nuclear sciences and beyond we are also besides being engaged by literally we have a PTA with the Markosur group of countries which now India and Markosur group of countries are currently engaged in revising it and making it more robust minister Daniel Proust and with BNA you largely answered the question I wanted to ask but I wanted to follow up just a little bit on the Novartis case as you mentioned India is itself the Indian pharmaceutical industry is becoming a very innovative and requesting more patents for the protection of medicines apart from the the question of whether the Supreme Court was right or wrong in its decision do you think this ruling hasn't will have an impact on the willingness of foreign pharmaceutical companies to invest in India and perhaps help the Indian industry build up its innovative capacity and director general do you have any views on whether this court ruling is help or hindrance to innovation thank you let me minister just quickly dispose of my side of the question no you see as I said it has gone through four processes it's not one Supreme Court is the highest court since all the four verdicts have justified the refusal of patent registration we cannot question the collective wisdom of all the judicial authorities who have knowledge of the subject knowledge of size molecules what enhancement or increment was made and therefore we as a government normally never comment when a matter is sub-judice and accept the verdict of the highest court of the land that is what mature democracies do it would be irresponsible on the part of executive to question well-informed judicial verdicts on matters where larger public interest or the intellectual property related complex legal matters are involved I don't see that it is going to be dissuading the multinationals from investing in R&D first India is itself investing more in R&D if you heard me inside we're setting up a innovation fund we doubling the state's contribution to R&D and innovation we have set up a innovation council we have a decade of innovation so there is much innovation which is going on in India which is patentable and we are very much particular to protect the intellectual property because there's a lot of intellectual property which is coming out of India too and which is very well documented and globally acknowledged but I say that if I have to go by the numbers they will look at the first 147 patents registered and granted not look at one which is rightfully denied. Thanks Tom Miles from Reuters you said that India would never do anything that would put it in breach of the rules and you also said you reserve your right to take an executive decision in future it's again not if other countries have done it we as a sovereign have the same right. Right well there's talks that the department of industrial policy and promotion could be considering revoking compulsory license on three more drugs so can you say anything about that is that possible? You see when anthrax care came when avian flu came when plague scare came please go through the list of countries which invoked the compulsory licensing through executive orders after the signing of the TRIPS agreement please go through the chart which were the countries which invoked executive authority for compulsory licensing so far it in the realm of speculation but it is a flexibility which has been negotiated and integral to the TRIPS agreement there is no reason why a developing country or other developing countries if there is a epidemic if there is a life-threatening disease to make available the affordable medicines but as until now we have not used the executive authority so that I hope answers the question. So if this question has to be put in a correct perspective that whether compulsory licensing is an extraordinary step the answer is no whether it is violative of the TRIPS agreement the answer is no whether it is allowed or permissible under the TRIPS agreement of the WTO answer is yes whether other countries have invoked it the answer is yes therefore why look only at India I am surprised that this question was not put when rich countries invoked compulsory licensing thank you. Sorry just to follow up the reason to look at India is because you are the gentleman from India who happens to be in front of me today so that is why I am asking the question but I mean if pharmaceutical companies are worried about Indian policy then you know me saying are you saying that you will or you will not use the executive right in the future you say you are not giving any hint that you won't use it you are leaving wide open the door. I am quite surprised that you are asking me that what is available under the multilateral agreements would you use it or not if a situation were to present itself where public health is threatened any country would do it even without the TRIPS agreement nations have a right to do it but so far we have not but we are very much within our rights to invoke what has been invoked by others I am rather surprised that why this question is being this issue gets agitated when it comes to a country like India we when you look at the huge disparities of incomes in the country this country it is $83,000 per capita income annually the United States of America is $48,000 in India it is $1,489 so can my citizen afford what even in America the public health system thinks that is unaffordable and therefore they place order for generics alternatives so it is a question is that what is being done is being done correctly so if it is looking at India I have given the numbers that it is not a denial we are not in breach and therefore what we are doing is absolutely correct and I cannot decide for future I am not somebody who is a fortune teller that tomorrow whether there will be another new strain of avian flu will come or there will be another pandemic which will require interventions of the states I give you one example of what the Indian generics have done this was a ethical debate which was joined in the mid 90s when Nelson Mandela was the president of South Africa and Kosa Zana Zuma was the health minister when the cost of treatment went of anti-retrovirals per patient was $13,000 for one year Indian generics arrival changed the discourse and they brought it down to $1100 today it is less than a dollar a day so what is good to allow people to die or to make the medicine available that is a larger question. Assis Mourir, the economic value of Sao Paulo. Minister the BRICS countries are more and more important in the world economy and the global trade has BRICS a common candidate for WTO and why if he has or not. Well I would say that India feels that WTO is a very important institution particularly when it comes to rule based multilateral trading system the process of the selection of the new DG is currently on we do feel that it is high time that the developing countries also have more voice and therefore it would be ideal if a developing country candidate is also considered beyond that I would not like to make the task of our ambassadors and other people more complicated the process of selection is on it would be most inappropriate for me as a minister to make a specific comment. I have two questions. Why BRICS have never a common position. When there is a selection in international organization. I don't think that is the case I was there at the BRICS summit and we have discussed it and the rest is you wait. Everything is not you are a journalist you know sometimes what we talk behind closed doors we do not come out making announcements it's a considered view that developing countries must also have their fair share because they are candidates from many countries both developed and developing therefore I cannot go beyond that. Last question Ravi. Minister my name is Ravi Khan your answers on CL are very encouraging and positive in the sense that there is some kind of a paradigm shift which is in this organization and in this part of the western world compulsory license is treated as a weapons of mass destruction I mean not and it's time that somebody like you actually you know put this view which you have done very eloquently and effectively today namely that CL is also there for addressing public health causes thank you. Is it time that the developing countries sort of put across this view that the CL is not a weapon of weapons of mass destruction but rather surprised that those who are well informed of the history of the negotiations and the flexibility of CL in the TRIPS agreement of the WTO are pretending ignorance about it if one is not aware of what the WTO TRIPS agreement is I can fairly understand and sympathize but if that history is known and this is a document which is in public domain anybody can press the button and you do a Google search and you will find the TRIPS agreement and the history of the negotiations and who said what in the negotiations and also who has invoked it so it's all in public domain there is today's world of technology has made it easier for everyone. Mr. Mantriji, a question, the Swiss press have been writing reports that Switzerland should go to the WTO against this Gleavec ruling together with other countries do you think they are dreaming or do you think there could be cause for that? We have great respect for every partner country and I think wisdom and mature approach surely would influence and there is neither any ground nor any justification to question something which is integral to the multilateral agreement which is also adjudicated by the various appellate quotes. I don't think that there is any reason. So these comments I cannot comment whether they are authorized or not it would be most unfortunate if such a step is ever envisaged. Thank you very much.


I will stand up and speak out and act to prevent gender-based violence all year round. I believe there is zero tolerance for bullying, harassment and discrimination. I believe there is zero tolerance for bullying, harassment and discrimination. I am committed to creating a safe workplace that advocates for the safety of women and children. I am committed to creating a safe workplace that advocates for the safety of women and children.


The Changing Role of the Instructor This is a controversial subject, especially for those who assume that the changing role means a lessening of the instructor's importance. But as was implied in the previous scenes, the opposite is true. The instructor's role today is just as important as it ever was, maybe more so. A modern systematic approach to instruction and advances in instructional technology have expanded many instructor roles into new areas, some of them behind the scenes. Let's examine the instructor's changing role. We'll explore why the instructor's role has changed and identify some of the roles the instructor is performing today. By doing so, we'll also identify some benefits the Air Force derives from the change. In the past, the instructor was the central and dominant figure in what has been called a body of knowledge approach to learning. A given course had information that was believed to be more or less traditionally important for effective student performance. It was the instructor's job to call on his knowledge and experience to impart the information considered essential. Many years earlier, the master apprentice technique proved to be effective and still can be. But it is costly and seldom practical in today's large-scale training programs. The emergence of modern textbooks provided a reservoir of knowledge, but these were general knowledge sources and too often were not adapted to the specific learning needs of students. Instructors taught what they thought was important. During these times, when a student failed to learn, it was usually considered more his own fault than an instructional problem. Often individual student learning differences were not fully explored as a possible cause of failure. Despite their weaknesses, these methods served us fairly well, until historical events and technological advancements began to change things. These historical events shocked the United States into the sudden realization that it no longer held a monopoly on technology. Among other things came the realization that a new approach, a new educational technology, was required to increase educational efficiency. As a result, we have seen technical advances throughout much of our educational system. But this does not mean that the instructor is being replaced by a machine. It does mean that his traditional role has been modified and, in many cases, expanded to new areas. Today, some instructors help design courses, or portions of courses. Some help prepare course control documents and instructional material, as well as evaluate and define instruction, all using the principles of instructional systems development. This instructor, in the 505th Training Detachment at Norton Air Force Base, California, conducts a detailed task analysis, which will assist him in developing clearly stated learning objectives. These objectives will precisely define what must be learned by a student in order for him to perform properly on the job. This practice weeds out most of the nice-to-know information and assures that the required tasks are included, thus providing graduates who are neither under-trained nor over-trained. In this instance, the instructor functions as part of the instructional team, whose job it is to effectively apply the systematic approach to training. This student-centered approach also emphasizes increased attention to such areas as student counseling and providing individual student assistance. Get the loop on backwards. I keep a sharp lookout for individual problems so I can step in if one of the students gets bogged down. If too many students have the same problem, I can advise the curriculum developers with the possible need for revision. One way instructional programs have changed in recent years is in the expanded use of increasingly sophisticated media. I've been teaching technical training courses for a long time, and I've seen many advances take place. I've watched the birth of programmed instruction and have designed a few program lessons myself. As a matter of fact, many of our instructors have assisted in development of audio-visual lessons. Multimedia presentations, like the synchronized tape slide lessons, were introduced. They require the student to respond to what he has seen and heard. I find that instructors, when using equipment like this, are able to provide more individual assistance to the student. Experiences show me that the interaction between the student and his study material, at a rate suited to his abilities, is an effective learning approach. As you can see, this learning center is equipped with several types of audio-visual equipment, including synchronized tape slide lesson, film strip, and videotape units. This student is using a responder and has just had difficulty with one of the questions. The instructor is giving him additional guidance. Now that the student's questions have been answered and he has made a correct response, the instructor is free to work with other students. For this class, the instructor was available to help his students. But for many of our lessons, the students are able to work alone. Another form of media that has changed the instructor's role is simulation. At Mather Air Force Base, simulators are used in an advanced phase of navigator training and will soon be used in undergraduate navigator training. Like this student, several others can practice electronic warfare techniques simultaneously. The instructor can observe and assist each student, insert equipment malfunctions, and assess student performance. The use of simulation in undergraduate navigator training will include a blend of instruction involving the T-45 simulator and the aircraft, with the instructor as the key ingredient to make it all work. In spite of all these changes, we have not abandoned the traditional classroom by any means. I'm an instructor in the Department of Comptroller Training. In order to provide quality instruction where group learning is most effective, we find ourselves doing many things we've always done, for example, the development of visual aids. I'm reviewing some slides now that, upon approval, will be used in a classroom presentation to be given soon. There are still many training situations where the lecture method of instruction is appropriate, but we do try to assure that students become active rather than passive listeners. Senator Dietrich, could you tell me the next functional management please? Controlling. You know, I really enjoy working with a group of students, and when I'm working with a detailed student-centered lesson plan, I know I'm working with materials which have the best chance of teaching the student what he really needs to know. I'm still an information source, whether I'm working with a group or with individual students. But I try to provide only the information the students need, when they need it. Students find this approach challenging and rewarding. In fact, I believe I contribute to a better trained individual. This automatically makes for a better air force. Whether instructors are actually teaching pilots, navigators, technicians, or other specialists, or may be working on the curriculum development staff, they will be playing many roles in performing many duties, which will challenge their flexibility and adaptability. How well the student learns depends on the quality of instruction, regardless of whether it is presented by new or traditional methods. The material instructors use is designed and very carefully prepared by qualified individuals. The flood of innovative instructional techniques has made more alternatives available. And, where circumstances permit, instruction can be tailored to meet individual needs. But a word of caution. The tremendous benefits derived from the instructor's changing role can best be realized if instructors are capable of exploiting every facet of the education technology available to them. Professional skills, hard work, and motivation are still the hallmarks of the professional instructor and vital to the success of air force instructional programs. The changing role of the instructor means dealing with the student on more of an individual basis, as well as dealing with various aspects of sophisticated technology. The instructor is part of the learning system and contributes significantly to its effectiveness. It all leads to quality training for the air force. The student, the technology, the instructor. All are part of a total system. The key is the instructor who makes it all work.


Palm olive soap, Colgate dental cream and palm olive shave cream bring you our Miss Brooks starring Eve Arden for another comedy episode of Our Miss Brooks. One of the truly fine friendships our Miss Brooks has made in her years of teaching English at Madison High School is the one with her landlady, Mrs. Davis. Their friendship is so close that there are times when each knows what the other is thinking without either saying a word. No, not one word. All Mrs. Davis has to do is raise six fingers, and I know just how many weeks I'm behind in my room rent. And all I have to do is make a circle with my thumb and forefinger, and she knows how much chance of getting it. Thursday morning when another week's rent was due, Mrs. Davis was at a meeting of her ladies' aid club, preparatory to inaugurating their new clubhouse that evening.  Thursday he was doing his best to live up to his reputation. You enjoying your breakfast, Walter? Just nod your head, boy. No words could possibly escape through that barrier.  The trick is to catch you when they aren't. Now if you're through, we'd better be on our way to school. All right, but first I have something to show you. Really? What? Well, if you'll step to the window and pull up the blinds, I'm sure you'll get a big surprise. What are you gonna do? Push me out? It's standing right in front of the house. All right, let's see what it is. We're lovely orbs upon it, dear teacher. Your newest means of transportation. Where? All I see out there is a broken-down moving van. She's a beauty. I own it. Our rather-boned snodgrass and I own it together. We traded our jalapes in for the moving van the day before yesterday. As soon as we saw it, we knew this would be the perfect business for the firm of Denton and Snodgrass, a firm that combines brawn and brains. Really? Who's the third partner? Yeah, and to prove it, I already have our first order for Mrs. Conway, a friend of my mother's. She wants the stuff delivered tomorrow morning. Yeah, out in yonder van is her entire one-room suite of furniture. A complete with chandelier. Oh good. My one ambition has always been to ride to school hanging from a chandelier. So far, you've had me hanging from everything else. I'm not kidding, Miss Brooks. This venture is the most important of my life. Unfortunately, I'm still faced with one or two problems, one of which I feel certain you can help me with. How? Oh, it's very simple. It concerns where I'm going to leave my moving van overnight tonight. I thought you'd persuade Mrs. Davis to let me leave it in her driveway. Would you, Miss Brooks? Well, I suppose... Oh, thank you, Miss Brooks. I knew you would let me. Well, now that that's all settled, I guess we'd better be on our way to school. Yeah, unless you want to pick up something before we go. Only the rest of my last sentence. However, I suppose you could leave the van in our driveway overnight, since Mrs. Davis won't be using her car till it's repaired. Now we'd really better get going. Unfortunately, I have to see Mr. Conklin first thing this morning. You do? Well, now that is a coincidence, since Mr. Conklin happens to be the second problem you can help me with. I'm sorry, one truck is all our driveway can handle. That is, you'll have to handle Mr. Conklin yourself, Walter. No, it won't be difficult, Miss Brooks. It's just that I have to drive this van past his office window to put it in the school parking lot. And if he happens to see it, he's liable to erupt like old faithful. Twice as juicy. But I fail to see how all you have to do is keep him from looking out of the window for a few minutes, Miss Brooks. I guess I could do that. Well, of course you could. Just keep him looking at you. That's an idea, Walter. If he can spoil my morning, I can spoil his. Martha, there's nothing I'd rather do. Nothing in the world. Can I help it if I have to be out of town tonight on business for Mr. Stone? Oh, I suppose not. Certainly came up awfully suddenly. Well, you told me about the meeting awfully suddenly. That is, I would have let you know sooner, but I didn't think it was necessary until you told me about the meeting. Well, it certainly seems strange to me. You had to go out of town for Mr. Stone the last time my lady's aide group asked you to speak too. The man has a simply uncanny knack of picking just the wrong knife. Osgood, it isn't the fifty dollars you were asked to contribute after we inaugurated our last clubhouse, is it? Magnolia Blossom. How could you even think such a thing? Give him for a moment. I thought it was the fifty dollars. Oopsie girl. How could you doubt your Osgood? Oh, just a moment, Martha. There's someone at the door. Come in. Good morning, sir. I have the report. Oh, it's you, Miss Brooks. Excuse me. My wife's hanging on the phone. Well, quick, cut her down. You're speaking to her. Well, go right ahead, sir. I'll wait. Hello, angel eyes. Just put all those horrid doubts out of your mind. When your Osgood says he has to go out of town on business for Mr. Stone, your Osgood means exactly that. I'll see you before I go. Goodbye, Pat. Miss Brooks, can you imagine my wife not wanting to believe I have to be away from home overnight? Seems incredible to me. Then you really have to go away on business, your Osgood. Uh, Mr. Conkler? Of course I have to. Do you think because my wife's lady's aid group wants me to speak and perhaps contribute fifty dollars tonight, that I'd resort to the twin shames of deceit and subterfuge? Which hotel are you staying at in town, sir? Oh, I wouldn't dare stare at a hotel. It's much too risky. It's, it's, oh, oh. Well, if you must know, I simply can't afford the fifty dollars, Miss Brooks. Now that my secret is out, perhaps you can help me find a place to sleep tonight. Oh, I'd like to, sir, but our driveway is already spoken for. That is, most of the people we know are members of your wife's group. I know. And if she ever finds out... Here you go. What was that? What was what? Those sounds outside my window. That was either a truck backfiring, or those were shots. I knew someone would catch up with Miss Enright sooner or later. My, isn't it awfully bright in here, sir? I don't know when. I've seen such a glare from the sun. I'd better pull down your shades. Glair from the sun? What are you talking about? How could there be any sun in here this time of morning? My windows face west. Well, uh, the, the days are getting awfully short this time of year. Anyway, there's no use waiting till the last second. Now I'll just pull down your shades. Is a truck backfiring? Well, I'll soon see what it's doing outside my window. Oh, but, Mr. Compton, I'm certain that... Holy cow, it's a moving van. And Walter Denton's driving it to our parking lot.  Maybe his books are heavier than the other kids. Didn't want me to see that van pass my window, did you?  Well, since you've already seen it, sir, I suppose there's no harm in telling you that Walter and Bone Snodgrass have gone into the moving business together. They've gone into the moving business? Yes, sir. They've already got their first order from a Mrs. Conway. Her entire one-room suite is on that van. They're delivering it tomorrow, and they just need a place to put their van till they collect the money for it. Tonight, I'm letting them leave it in our driveway, and I... Ah, so you're a collaborator on this scheme. A scheme which is against all the rules of this school. Using school property to conduct a full-time business is the severest offence I can conceive of. An offence demanding instant expulsion from... They've got a one-room suite on that van. Is that a complete one-room suite? Yes, sir. Complete with chairs, bed, and built-in principle. I think it might be just what I'm looking for, Miss Brooks. Yes, just what I need.  Now, no one must know about this, Miss Brooks. Oh, no, sir. Neither students nor faculty. This is a secret which you must carry with you to your grave. Understand? Yes, sir. If I don't, that may happen a lot sooner than I expect. Miss Brooks, wait a minute. Oh, hello, Mr. Boynham. How's everything? Well, Miss Brooks, I'm faced with a problem.  Just put your head there and let me worry. I won't, Mr. Boynham. What's your problem? Well, um, it's the same old thing. That is, it's something old and yet something new. Make that something borrowed and something blue, and I might get interested. I still don't understand. Well, I'm slightly in arrears in my room, rent to Mrs. Miller. But we're all slightly in arrears in our rent, Mr. Boynham. How much are you behind? Counting this week? Yes. Three months. I'll give you Mrs. Davis in six weeks.  Up to my neck. Mrs. Miller is so angry she threatened to hand me my eviction notice if I didn't have some of the rent by tonight. She's stopping by before her lady's eight meeting at eight, and again when it's over. Well, what are you going to do? Well, the only thing I can do is find some other place to stay overnight. Oh, I know by tomorrow she'll calm down and reconsider. However, I did think of one possibility. A place you could help me with. Where no one would think of finding me. Where I'm reasonably certain. Well, now don't laugh when I say this. But Walter's moving van would be perfect for my purposes. That's not a moving van. That's a hotel. Walter told me it'll be in your driveway overnight. And if you'll let me stay there, I'll be in your debt as long as I live. Well, all right, Mr. Boynham. But there's something I'd better warn you about in case you wake up in the morning. I'd better warn you about in case you wake up in the middle of the night. What's that? If you happen to find two feet in your face, don't be alarmed. They're not yours. I agreed to let Walter leave his moving van and Mrs. Davis' driveway overnight. I had no idea I'd have to put a quiet do not disturb sign on its rear doors. But with Mr. Conklin and Mr. Boynham persuading me to let them use it as sleeping quarters for the night, I felt like a desk clerk without portfolio. Quietly cursing the brains of the firm of Denton and Snodgrass on my way to the school cafeteria at noon when I happened to run into the brawn. Hi, Miss Brooks. Hello, Bones. How's everything with Denton, Snodgrass and company? I think you made a mistake, Miss Brooks. A mistake? Yeah. There's my brother's stretch, Snodgrass, and me. Bones, Snodgrass. But there ain't no one named Denton, Snodgrass. I'm talking about Walter, Denton. Well, I'm going to meet Walter at the lunch. And boy, have I got some good news for him. You have? Yeah. Well, that Walter thinks he's so smart just because he got an order from Mrs. Conway. Waitly hears about the order I got. Mrs. Davis give me an order to move all her furniture from our old clubhouse to a new one tonight. Mrs. Davis can't do this. Not with Mr. Boynham and Mr. Conklin the sleep. Excuse me, Bones. I've got to make a phone call and an awful hurry. All the people to pick to give the moving job to, I can't. Hello. Hello, Mrs. Davis. This is Connie. Oh, Connie, could you call me back a little later? I'm expecting phone calls from Maude Richards, Peggy Lowell and Sally Norton about the clubhouse inaugural tonight. If I talk to you, I'm liable to get all confused. You won't get confused. I want to talk about clubhouse business, too. Well, all right, if you say so. What is it, Maude? Look, I'm calling about the moving job you gave Walter and Bones snodgrass. You've got to cancel it. But why, dear, Walter and Bones are such nice boys. They deserve to get a start in business. Of course they do. And I wouldn't ask this of you unless there was an excellent reason. I'll tell you what it is if you'll keep it a secret. Promise me you'll forget it as soon as I tell it to you. Oh, you can trust me, Sally. I think of anyone I could trust more. All right, Mrs. Davis, the reason I'm asking this favor is that Mr. Conklin and Mr. Boyman are going to be in the moving band tonight. Really, dear? Who gave the order to move them? I'm looking in at Mrs. Davis. Neither of them once had known where they are for one night. How exciting. They're hiding out. Well, trust me, to dummy a kid, I wouldn't squeal when two of the mob are keeping undercover from the bulls. Our television set has been fixed again. Then you will call Bones, Mrs. Davis. Of course I will. Can I depend on it? Just as soon as I hang up? I'll do it as soon as you hang up, Peggy. I horten. Gosh, Wala, I don't understand what happened. This dame gave me the order and now a lady she calls back and cancels it. Well, don't let it bother you. I got another order myself a little while ago. The biggest order we've had so far. Hey, that's great. Who'd you get it from? For Mrs. Conklin. I phoned her a half hour ago. And we're moving all the furniture from our old clubhouse to her new one tonight. How's that for using the old bean? Boy, I got a hand it to you, Wala. I wish I had thought of that idea. Gosh, Miss Brooks, I don't understand the rush to get over here. It's only eight o'clock. I wanted you to get comfortable before Mr. Conklin arrived. But you said he wouldn't be here till nine o'clock. That gives us an extra hour in this moving van. No, full hour. Alone. In a crowded moving van. Just the two of us. You and me. Gosh. Sit down, shall we, Mr. Boyden? Say, I just noticed. There seems to be a lot more furniture in here than earlier in the day. Extra chairs, tables, that big couch. Probably the rest of Mrs. Conway's suite. Sit down, Mr. Boyden. Maybe so, but those pictures of Washington and Jefferson weren't here earlier either. Nor this huge American flag. No, they weren't. Sit down, Mr. Boyden. What would Mrs. Conway be doing with a huge flag in her room? Maybe she likes the salute before she goes to bed. Nice and comfortable. You know, Miss Brooks, this situation would really be rather humorous if it didn't have such serious overtones. Did you ever imagine we'd sit huddled together in a crowded moving van? Just the two of us. With just a dim light bulb between us in complete darkness. You haven't got a BB gun on you, have you? Suppose we might as well do something while we're waiting for Mr. Conklin to arrive. Yes, we might as well. Mightn't we? We might as well do that. We certainly might. Now what would be something for two people to do in the semi-darkness of a gloomy movie? This isn't I'm already puckered up. Oh, I've got it, of course. Let's play Ghosts.  Good evening, Miss Brooks. Expecting you so early, Mr. Conklin. Apparently not. Mr. Boyden, what are you doing here? Miss Brooks, does Boyden know about me? Yes, sir, but you don't know about he. Him. Mr. Conklin, this is your new bunkie. My new bunkie? Yes, sir. You see, since we're both in the same boat, trying to avoid a member of the ladies' aid club for one night, Miss Brooks and I figured you wouldn't mind if I slept here with you. I'm no trouble at all during the eight hours I'm asleep. And to prove it, just watch him the sixteen hours he's away. What kind of a room made you our Boyden? Well, folks, the doors was open, so I just snodged grass. Snodged grass? What are you doing here? I think you made a mistake, Mr. Conklin. There's my brother, stretch snod grass, and me, bone snod grass, But we know there's no snod grass, snod grass. But what are you doing here, bones? Well, I might as well ask you all the same question. It's my moving van. Yes, but it's our question. Well, wall or me have got this furniture to deliver right away. So far, this deal has been nothing but a lot of anger-revation. Anger-revation? Yeah, you know, exasperation. Now, if you'll step inside, Miss Brooks, I'll pull up the ramp. What? Snod grass. Where are you taking us? All right, wall or me. Yes, sir. That's what frequently happens with the moving van. Snod grass. I insist that you tell us immediately where we're going. It'll only take a couple of minutes to deliver this furniture to your wife's lady's aid club, Mr. Conklin. And we'll have the van right back in the driveway. Oh, well, if it'll only take a couple of minutes to deliver it, I certainly won't be unreasonable about it. Particularly since we'll be using the van with the... Deliver this furniture to my wife's lady's aid club! Where to, Mrs. Conklin's lady's aid club? I vote aye, and... I don't intend to stop this van immediately. Possibly hear you, sir. All this furniture has made the interior soundproof. Yes, but Miss Brooks, in another minute, we'll be at the new clubhouse. What am I going to do? I've only got one more minute. Now, please, Miss Brooks, help me. All right, you start thinking of a speech while I look through your pockets for the $50. The only other thing I can think of is for you to hide, sir. Good, good. Very good, yes. Now, where will I hide? How about the big couch, sir? You could stretch out under the soft cushions. Yes, good idea, under the cushions. But are you certain no one will see me under them? Even if they did, it would look like nothing but more cushions. Look, can I use the couch, too? Nothing doing. You had your chance before. Behind the couch. Front and tell Walter to stay up there until I can get rid of Mrs. Conklin. Okay, Miss Brooks. Hello, Mrs. Conklin. Are you here to help us launch our new clubhouse? Just hand me a champagne bottle and stand back. That is, I felt since Walter and Bones were driving over anyway, I'd come along with you now. Oh, it's a madhouse in there, my dear. A hundred women milling around in practically no furniture. Why don't we just sit on the couch in the van and talk? Sit on the van in the couch? I mean, sit on the man in the couch. I mean, sit on the couch, Mrs. Conklin. Oh, why not? Nothing happened to it on the way over, did it? That's it. Something happened. Something dreadful happened to the couch. Really? To its legs? That's it. It acquired two more. It looks perfectly all right to me. I'm sure whatever happened won't prevent us from sitting on it. Oh, no, really, Mrs. Conklin. Don't sit there. You'd better not. When you sat down, I said you'd better get oof. Look, to prove it, I'll stand up and flop right down. That, Miss Brooks? Maybe the couch creeped. How many couches do that, you know? I... I heard it groan. Very few couches do that. But we'd really better go in. There's... there's someone under those cushions. Oh, no, there couldn't possibly be... Miss Brooks? There's a body under there? Don't be alarmed. I doubt if it's still alive. Oh, don't even try, sir. Mrs. Conklin, there is only one explanation that covers all situations like this one. One explanation? What's that, Miss Brooks? Her husband was standing on a corner, minding his own business, waiting for a moving van. After Mr. Boynton was discovered, too, I really got busy and thought up a whale of a story. I practically convinced Mrs. Conklin that both her husband and Mr. Boynton had done this merely to surprise her and help with the clubhouse inaugural. Well, I still can't quite believe it, Miss Brooks. But I know Mrs. Miller will be as delighted to see Mr. Boynton as I am to see Ozgood. Did my landlady mention me this evening, Mrs. Conklin? Well, yes she did, Mr. Boynton, but I forget what it was about. This has been such a hectic night. Oh, dear, frankly, I don't see why we moved at all when we'll only use this new clubhouse for a few hours, twice a week. You mean you only meet here twice a week? That's right. The rest of the week it's dark. It is? Well, uh, don't be surprised if you happen to be passing some night and it's not completely dark, Mrs. Conklin. Why, what do you mean, Miss Brooks? Mr. Boynton tells me he likes to read before he goes to sleep at night.