Hi everyone Sean with jaspy's case breaks calm here doing 2020 Panini contenders baseball four box break pick your team number 14 Where we're also going away $700 It says 500 $700 in break credit if you have two or more teams Way this works how to be entered by two or more teams in this break get entered to win if you win teams That doesn't it's all sold straight up So don't really have to worry about that by two teams get one entry by four teams get two entries by six teams Three entries etc. If you only buy one team. Good luck with that team, but you will not be injured top seven wins $100 of break credit each no veteran common card ship Six autographs per box one autograph per pack lots of prospects good rookies. So let's see Here is our list We'll do the $700 break credit giveaway at the end of the break Last spot mojo Jason Siebert last with the Rays and the Jays so dual last spot mojo And here's our last four boxes We're gonna admit right now. I did not put a trash bag in here yet still I Was gonna do it didn't do it Just exacerbating the problem big words Before we start going through these packs, I gotta go open up the group rate checklist again because there are Drafted players that do not have Their teams on the cards on them Search hurry Do it do it now. So the front of every pack is gonna be exactly the same These are all base cards these are the veteran commons that do not ship and then Sometimes there's a chrome card, but mostly just the three purples Mookie bets chrome to 149 for the Dodgers George Limonzakis, and then these purples do ship and then our auto Adonis Rosa For the New York Yankees That's going to Robert Mancini Spencer Torkelson number one overall pick Detroit Tigers For him here. Yeah, I'll be here Ray. I'll be here as long as people want me to be here I have this this a need To need to be wanted Ray Only way I can fill it by staying here as long as I can Charlie Blackman and our auto Drafts ticket rookie auto 94 out of 99 Andres Munoz for the San Diego Padres and Jorge Mier I would concentrate Ray on those three breaks that are in the orange Those words Oliver. That's just a very desperate song, isn't it? Patrick Sandoval rookie auto Los Angeles Angels That's going to Mark Nation and There you go How about that? Playoff ticket on card auto out of 18 your dawn Alvarez Houston Astros Corey coped Yeah, on the on the break schedule, right Are you a Corey nice rookie of the year auto there for you out of 18 Jason Dominguez New York Yankees Robert Mancini And boba shut rookie Toronto Blue Jays Jason Siebert Ray if you're lost, it's the it's the Document pinned on the bottom on the top of the chat pinned on there and Jacob Wages Park Cracked ice out of 23 Toronto Blue Jays Jason Siebert last spot mojo actually like saying his name a lot and Louise Robert Chicago White Sox Robert Mancini and Grant McCray Draft ticket auto San Francisco Giants 55 out of 99 Going to Mark Nation So Sergio, how are you man? Happy Tuesday extra mojo to whoever reminds me after this break To to replace the trash bag Yeah, that's a good one too. It's super catchy to Oliver Somebody's been Brendan I can't think of I want I can't think of that the lyrics to that Savage Garden one Reggie Jackson Cracked ice legacy to 23 for the New York Yankees Robert Mancini. Oh We got ourselves a redemption I've had recently good luck with those Let's save that to the end of the box That's what I'm saying Oliver Mauricio Dubon Rookie Otto San Francisco Giants Mark Nation. I'm a big fan of him. I pulled one of those yesterday on personals Robert's crack dice you're done Houston Astros Cory Cope and Jeremy a rocho draft pick their draft ticket Los Angeles angels Jersey says Dodgers. Let's see Angels hence the red so that makes sense five out of 75 Mark Nation How I heard of Savage Garden, of course I have I just don't you can't think of the name of it Like the words for a friend Why would I not do you? Do you think I'm too old to have heard of Savage Garden? Or to like you couldn't what no, you can't think I'm too young to have heard of Savage Garden, right? Very confused by this now Draft ticket max Muncie the 99 for the Dodgers George Lumanzakis Oh, no Ray. It's only over. It's only for case breaks the ones we do on Personals is only good for over there also two different sites AJ Wukowicz for the Arizona Diamondbacks Mark Nation Josh Fleming Tampa Bay Rays Otto Jason Siebert last spot mojo. I will know it. Okay Yeah, I'm gonna have to look it up after this Oliver I just literally can't think of the the lyrics to it anytime I hear the words like I keep Repeating those those songs like the name of the song in my head. I think of I want you to want me and Jake Fraley Rookie ticket cracked ice to 23 Seattle Mariners Cory Coke cool our redemption rookie draft ticket blue 119 I Think Robert was 118 Nope Think we got it We did Luis Robert Chicago White Sox Robert Mancini Now let's find out what the blue parallel is This is the fourth one of these three. I pulled three of these in the last two days Let's see what blue is numbered out of Yesterday, I pulled an out of ten an out of 23 So rookie draft ticket Draft blue 99 or less There you go. Do Bob out of 99 and Then last week I pulled a pull to one-on-one printing plate There you go first half done not bad three three Luis Robert redemption autos in two days And I pulled a I pulled a live Luis Robert Otto yesterday to over on personal That's actually for Luis Robert autos in and in Less than what a little bit over 24 hours pretty good Maybe we got another one in here Christian Pache Out of 75 draft ticket auto There you go Atlanta Braves for a mirror very nice You're sitting on it all over you thinking about Stelling it off Instead of having to wait it out Michael Baez rookie ticket auto San Diego Padres Jorge here. I think it's in the in the schedule Matt Yeah, you're on Alvarez Houston Astros Corey Co. Garrett Mitchell. I Know the name. I know he's a good prospect. I don't remember where he was drafted Milwaukee Brewers, there you go. Oh nice Well, welcome Matt. I do I do our personals on Sundays and Monday nights And I'm over here on late nights three nights a week. So Three nights between Tuesday Wednesday Thursday and Friday, so I mean it's very similar same products except for Yeah, for sure But Yeah, I mean, it's funny is Matt We have a lot of people that do this that don't even know about our personals or Haven't even ventured over there.  I Believe he is Chicago. I looked him up earlier Let's see again white talks. Yeah, Matt. I Will do everything I can to make you something good Robert Mancini white talks they go That'll go with your Lou Bob redemption 47 any comparables Oliver later Matt and last box. It's been a good first three boxes to the last one I've seen Lou Bob Seen a razor Raina We had your dawn earlier too in this one, right? Okay, solid stuff another redemption told you Told you of course Jason Oliver telling you man. It's the whisper Jalen Davis Rookie Otto Giants Mark Nation Jerry Springer is a judge now. He doesn't have a show anymore. What? 2020 ruin everything Probably something that happened before this year. Yeah, it's called Judge Jerry Bobby Miller draft pick ticket auto out of Louisville Dodgers Los Angeles Dodgers George Limon sockets Yeah They're always here Dominguez Yankees Robert Mancini gave it's not that it's something else. There's always somebody Yes, it was The blue is 99 or less red. I think was it shows 75 I hit a building blocks one the other day Oliver That was numbered out of ten and then the cracked ice I hit the 23 So yesterday I hit the building blocks and the crack dice not too bad Valar to 149 for Miami Mark Nation Malphren Sosa Minnesota Any relation? Do we know Sammy? Minnesota Jorge Ishmael mania Prospect Otto Padres Jorge Mere and Jordan Alvarez for the Astros Corey Coat and Drew Romo Colorado Rockies I believe I will double check Spencer Torpleson Tigers for him here Oliver says Rockies. I'll double check anyways much as I do trust Oliver and He's correct Drew Romo Rockies Cool and last up redemption Good luck. Could we get Lou Bob? squared rookie draft ticket variation a Blue, I don't think he I don't think he's in I don't think this is Lewis but There are some good names on this 101 a J puck out of blue or blues 99 so Oakland Athletics or hey There you go Will baseball feel tonight Daniel which baseball or basketball which basketball? I hope they all did talk to the chat get them to fill it cool So Let's give away some break credit copy this list of customers to a new sheet Alphatize Cory with two spots gets one George It's one Jason one or a With 12 get six mark 10 gets five and Robert with one Daniel we don't do discount codes But we do do nice giveaways like the promo that we're running right now So 15 spots in this one Put those names in this randomizer here dice roll and Top seven names after five and one six times hundred dollars in break credit each Good luck six in final time Congratulations mark nation mark nation mark nation Jorge mark nation Jorge and Jorge so mark You got yourself four hundred dollars of break credit and Jorge You get yourself three hundred dollars in break credit somebody sending that break credit out to you guys right now Congratulations work There you go And that was 2020 pete extenders baseball four box break pick your team number 14 from jasper's case breaks calm. I'm Sean Thanks for hanging out Jasper's case breaks calm. See you next time


What's up? How are you guys today? We're gonna take a look at some day of eating shorts including Abby Sharp very popular dietitian the self-proclaimed fat girl that we took a look at last week We have this girl. That's new some high protein diet This is freely under her new alias the frugivore diet This guy that always does these crazy omad one meal a day cheat meals And that should be plenty We haven't spoken about her in a while, but I think the last video was actually when we Did the miscarriages Abby Sharp has had and I'm not exaggerating. I think six or seven miscarriages. I mean Personally like if a dietitian or a nutritionist or doctors or someone I was listening to if they had that many miscarriages I feel like there should be a disclaimer at the beginning of every video they make.   I mean you could go into it But yeah, there's a huge difference between having this versus having a high quality organic coffee with high quality organic dairy products plus filtered water like Hypothetically same cup of coffee, but realistically the ingredients that go into it are a world of a difference Of course, then I made some oatmeal with some protein powder in there added some peanut butter for healthy fats lots of berries some hemp arts on top It's kind of like a normie breakfast We talk about going organic a lot Basically, if you're not eating only organic foods the agrochemical herbicide pesticide fungicide insecticide pollutant content is so high that It could be damaging your body and impairing your organ function Peanut butter it probably one of the worst fats high in mold poor omega-6 ratios usually Pretty toxic fat. You could go macadamia not butter is the best but pretty much anything else is better than peanut butter Oats I have personally myself, but I make sure they're organic oats Nothing wrong with throwing some fruit on there as long as it's organic and stuff like hemp arts hemp seeds I mean Not actually healthy for you if you enjoy the flavor of something. Yeah, you could sprinkle it on there But you might as well be sprinkling chocolate on there. It's if anything healthier at least you're getting some minerals It is so sage-hating and so yummy Hey, how come you're not showing the second cup of coffee miss sharp of it for lunch I did a sourdough sandwich with some pesto lots of avocado for healthy fats a Chicken put some cheese on there. We loaded it up. It was a big sandwich So that looks pretty good.  You got plenty of protein on the sandwich. Maybe it's not the best quality protein you know did you use the Preferred ingredient choices when making the pesto I'm not that much of a fan of avocado, but hey at least There's a decent amount of healthy animal protein in the meal And I serve that with hummus some carrots and some strawberries I mean, I mean carrots are too high in beta carotene for most people.  Am I allowed to do that? I mean if you just put a few slices of steak in there, it could be healthy I mean edamame is just soy you don't want to be eating that it's just soy people trying to say like oh Soy isn't that bad, but you know there's a huge difference between choking down soy milk and edamame every day versus having a little soy sauce with your sushi Uh udon noodles you guys know I have them every day It's a great healthy starch source if you're using a high quality noodle and depending on the vegetables and stuff you put in there But again, you want there to be a base of animal protein in every meal at least You know three four five six ounces of animal protein quality grass would be preferably With everything you're having to give your body the nutrition edamame. I'm obsessed with edamame ate the whole thing It's so good and for bedtime snack. I dove into the laze family size bag of ketchup chips with and for I mean like what do you guys want me to say about this? Oh I think I actually sent on email today or it's gonna be monday that we basically have to Throw out all of our potato chips that we made on the foods website Frankie syringe foods the coconut oil and wagyu beef fat potato chips because there's no demand I mean, I wish we could have got the price lower that might have made it more successful But uh, you know despite us having the only healthy organic potato chip on the market Uh Like I mean it's because I'm shadow ban and censored and stuff.  It looks like checksmix but cottage cheese dairy Conventional not the end of the world slightly estrogenic and not the highest quality protein Cereal usually very high in iron filings. The cereal is fortified, which is the problem It has a lot of synthetic vitamins instead synthetic minerals that'll damage your body And again the fruit you want to go organic overall Honestly seems like a Stands an american diet of someone trying to be healthy, but you know if you eat low quality foods like this Without enough animal protein and animal fat. You're never really going to feel good or be healthy and have a healthy body composition But uh, unfortunately a lot of these influencers are just You know at least when they get to that level of popularity Hey, you know when you get 700,000 subscribers and you're getting You know hundreds of thousands of views Usually they stick with some mainstream stuff. Is she taking ozempic? Last time on the ozempic diaries. Hey guys, it's jin's checking in here. All right, maybe she's not but anyway Apparently she's promoting ozempic, which I mean it's completely ridiculous, but We know she's getting a check from someone.   Oh my that's funny That's funny.  Her cells are her cells are crumbling. They're wobbling around in her body Might be the only reason we'll think she's ever eaten in a day of eating It's like it's like her meals are almost passable, right? She's got salmon with rice and green beans Okay, not too bad. And then let's see how she runes it Okay, sriracha mayo could it could be worse. It could be worse for that meal You could omit the green beans and just salmon and rice would be okay But usually salmon is farmed heavily polluted. Not that great for you I mean, we're not we're not gonna get to you know, is the rice organic What type of water's being used to make the rice because we got much bigger problems than this diet What's this a pizza? Cauliflower barbecue chicken pizza So this is an example of something that people think is healthy, but it's not really Hey, you go cauliflower. You maybe that's a better choice for the crust than just regular flour But chicken is a very unhealthy protein. I would argue that just having a plain size of pizza Plain size of pizza and omitting Conventional feedlot chicken is probably healthier With ranch and of course she puts ranch on it All right, we already we gave you guys the lowdown on the potato chips already These might be slightly better than lays but still those same issues vegetable seed oils, etc All your food looks so yummy.   How does that food look good at all? Ah Hold on bro. Maybe we should we check the abbey sharp comments realistic and healthy and All right, just a bunch of nonsense. I mean she's eating regular normie stuff. So who cares Bro, if anything this girl deserves like I mean to be honest if anyone deserves like a little bit of backlash you're putting ranch on your breakfast bowl like Doesn't get much worse than that All right, let's see. Let's see how this girl farts all day What I eat in a day to get 100 grams of protein I new prep blueberry chia pudding per face. So I had one of those missed first I made the chia pudding and let it set in the fridge I topped it with blueberry greek yogurt mixture Cronola and fresh blueberries. Okay. So I at least she added some actual real yogurt to the fake chia yogurt when serving of this contains 28 grams of protein for lunch I made oven baked feta pasta. I used lentil pasta since it's high Is this like one of those girls that is afraid to eat meat instead She just eats blocks of cheese for every meal and insane amounts of dairy I Mean this is just a block of cheese. Is it is that cheese is that the protein?  So it's not it's somewhat balanced and healthy, you know, it's not that bad I mean, there's definitely some nutrient imbalances and we're definitely lacking some things here and there, but Uh, you know once you include a good amount of animal protein that kind of with that b vitamin intake and minerals and all that stuff It rules out a lot of negatives Grants of protein for snack. I've read chocolate protein cookies. These cookies are budgie chocolatey in so yummy I had two of these cookies personnel in the contain about 13 grams of protein for dinner. I made I mean the cookies Yeah, just putting protein powder in regular cookies.  I made Caesar salad wraps and they turned out so good. Hope you try the recipe So if anything, this is the worst meal she's had all day Just because of the lack of fat and quality protein and nutrition at least Conventional dairy compared to conventional chicken. It's not nearly as bad So I mean you have lettuce wraps like this every meal. You'll be falling apart Uh Because if you're eating lettuce for anything besides enjoying it or salad Possibly, you know, the Caesar dressing had egg yolk and anchovy and that maybe added a little bit to it Although it's unlikely. I don't really want to give the organic spiel or ergo too much into detail on everything But the main thing that she can do with her diet is just overall improve the quality So, you know, get the grass-fed dairy get the organic granola for breakfast She can do just higher quality ingredients organic pasta For lunch, you know, is she using high quality ingredients in the cookies as well? Like butter from the farm and then same thing with this This Caesar thing like that tortilla, you know, you got to make these grains and use the highest quality stuff You can find remove the seed oils go organic Make sure there's enough high quality protein Let's see what this nut case is up to right Is what I eat in a day to overcome binge eating disorder. I've also lost over 40 pounds breakfast I mean you got binge eating disorder because your body isn't getting nutrients And you're only eating foods that aren't satisfying in the nutrient requirements It's what happens to a lot of girls that have an and guys that have eating disorders in even in Normal situations.  That's not nourishing their body and It's it's never suppressing their appetite, but if you look I mean How long has this girl been doing the dietary stuff like 20 years or something and she still has binge eating issues And she's still trying to overcome them like get a hint This will be a bunch of these amazing red duck of bananas that we grew ourselves We did a video on anti-nutrients and bananas and they might actually be the worst fruit for your gut health Because they're so high in anti-nutrients. I always have about 800 mils of carrot juice I batch juice and freeze them at the start of the oh, goodbye to her liver Oh god weak honestly the best supplement ever Me and mom we got carrot juice is is very high in nutrients relative to the caloric amount. So it's just very unbalanced For dinner I made some Is that the only reasonable thing she's ever eaten just rice balls Because having just high volumes of low calorie food. It's not giving your body anything. I don't say it enough but Vegetables lettuce all that stuff really serves no purpose in the diet. You're not giving your body caloric nutrition You're not giving your body available vitamin or mineral nutrition The soluble fiber in it isn't detoxing. There's not like There's too many flavonoids and carotines and it's not healthy for you. It's rabbit food, dude Hey, if you make sauerkraut, that's a different ballgame, but For dinner, I made some huge super satisfying veggie stuffed burritos with these burger patties these turned out amazing I mean, this is probably similar to lunch. You're just having a lot of Very high volume low calorie vegetables that aren't giving your body what it needs calories An animal protein that's what you probably needs grains and meat.  They're so out there. It's so weird like dude Some guys will do anything for kuchi.   Probably she should probably delete most of the comments Yeah, who knows who's still with her at this point. Now we got this guy. What's he up to? It was everything I ate today. I fasted 18 hours this day And in the morning went to Costco to pick up a few things and was sure to grab a rotisserie chicken while I was there To me I mean this guy does a lot of content and every time I see it He's just doing the fasting and then binging on some conventional commercial stuff When I got home, I broke my fast with some of the fresh bill tongue that I'd gotten in st Augustine at the fresh market island then we have a bill tongue on the foods website still and we should have jerky available this week Can't complain about that for lunch. I was having half the rotisserie chicken that I picked up at Costco along with some kimchi to go from beach bill tongue to a Costco rotisserie chicken is uh A bit of uh, I wouldn't say it's a step down. I would say it's like Falling down the entire flight of stairs. I was having lunch with my assistant coach Mike We had filmed the Costco grocery haul video and worked on some client check-ins in the morning I love that I'm going to be able to help more people now by bringing on Mike as my first assistant coach Yeah, I mean it's just it's just low quality conventional crappy protein. There's not much more to say A few hours later. I had a fair life chocolate protein shake for dinner. I was cooking the sirloin steak Is this guy like hired by Costco? Dude I picked up at Costco and I got to try my name to card tenderizer I found out bro. It's it's grain fed beef The cow is basically dying and falling apart. How could you possibly need to tenderize the meat anymore? Now that's how Texas Roadhouse gets their sirloin so tender. So I wanted to give it a shot Hey boys, are we heading down to Texas Roadhouse to get us some Great a angus prom, babe from the finest corn and soy fueled feedlots in America Carrie and I then had a little cheese board where I just had a few pieces of each kind of cheese to try I was keeping an eye on my portions for sure I cooked the steaks on the grill and to go with it We got these Brussels sprouts in the air fryer. The steaks came out very tender and super flavorful I'll definitely eat more sirloins at the house in the future. Thanks to the jacquard problem with even conventional animal foods Especially eggs pork and chicken the omega-6 Just stimulates your appetite and this even happens with the beef too The omega ratios in the beef are thrown off enough that It causes you to eat more and more and more past what your natural appetite would When I when I had my surgery in California The the grass at beef in the supermarket out there was like so disgusting. It was horrible so I did I was buying grain fed steaks out there, but like The flavor of the steak wasn't that good on its own So I would always marinate them and like a carne asada marinade But I mean it just made it like hyper palatable and I was eating like A pound of steak per meal, which I shouldn't have been doing but I mean we've done a lot of videos in the past on grain fed versus grass fed The negatives of grain fed beef.  It's not even close Like even carnivore diet advocates don't recommend you eat like rotisserie chicken and and regular bacon and stuff But hey, look, I this is mostly carnivore, right? It looks like he was carnivore the whole day, right? He had billtong. He had rotisserie chicken He had sirloin steaks And he had a fair life protein shake And I noticed on social media like Now it's carnivore month and and people trying to make a comeback with the carnivore diet I guess the the animal food sales have gone down I mean, I think this guy used to be keto and then he switched to carnivore I don't know what what his deal is, but I've seen him eat burgers and stuff too So I don't know one thing worth mentioning and not him necessarily is a lot of these guys have access to Uh performance enhancing drugs like trt testosterone steroids Which when you take on this type of diet it offsets a lot of the negatives because normally if if you're eating that stuff You know your hormones are going to be shot your sleep is going to be shot You're not going to feel good. You're going to have low energy But if you just you know pin a little testosterone you feel a lot better um you know When we when we had the when we did the blood work a few years ago And I was able to get my testosterone like to it was something crazy like 3 000 from doing the the testicle supplements I haven't actually been able to replicate that again I was able to do it slightly like I got I got a few hundred points up, but um May maybe I don't know maybe it has to be like A higher volume, but I'm going to do some more experiments in the next few weeks because I wanted to replicate that again Anyway, uh, thank you guys for joining me Hopefully you guys like these little day of eating critiques, but I think this video has already been way too long So we'll wrap it up if you guys have any Uh videos you would like me to watch Uh, please let me know But you can go to frank dash to found.com or you can support me through all of my Legitimate small businesses. It's funny, bro I like go like say hey support small business frankie syringe me and people be like, oh, I look casco more like okay, dude When when when casco when casco gets rid of all their beef and they're making you eat soiling green Don't come crying on my farm, buddy But on there guys, we have the meat website the foods website every there's a lot going on Check out the websites all the unique products. Uh, we'll do a vlog tomorrow You guys get to watch me throw out all my potato chips Guys guys, I I've I've lost it at this point. I really I really I'm really over it. I do not care at all It's whatever


Okay, so we're going to do a problem where we're just showing the high to pi star transition of these electrons in the ethylene molecule, okay? So we're looking at this carbon-carbon double bond because those are the electrons that in the high portion of that bond are going to be promoted with shining the light on them. So if you recall, right, a pi bond consists of four electrons, right? So we're going to fill them. Opposite spin in the lowest energy level, okay, so one, two, one, two, okay? So the pi electrons are here. What's going to happen is when we shine light on them, one of those is going to be promoted from the pi to the pi star energy level there, okay? And that's what's going to give you your absorption band in the UV region, okay? It's that promotion of that electron, okay? Are there any questions on that? I know it's pretty straightforward. I just wanted to. Yeah, sure. This is definitely, definitely a truncated version of what you would, you know, this is just showing you kind of a qualitative effect of what's going on when light shines, yeah. So the most energetically high electron is going to be the one that's promoted, is what I really want to indicate. And it's going to go from the pi to the pi star, okay? And again, I don't think she's going to test you a ton on this, but maybe this problem in particular, which is why I wanted to specifically record this. Any other questions? And I apologize for the, you know, not long-winded explanation. Yeah, it's fine. It's just when we did it with the bill and the pi star bill. Yeah, so what you're doing is you're making these bonds, you know? So you haven't made that carbon-carbon bond yet, you know? So what you're doing is showing the carbons individually, then showing them bonding, then. And we've already done all that, we're just showing the middle portion of that molecular orbital diagram.   But, okay, any other questions? Good question.


Well, good afternoon everyone and welcome. I'm Barry Rabe. I'm a professor here at the Ford School And I'm the director of close-up the Center for local state and urban policy one of the research centers here at the school I want to begin by thanking our co-sponsors for this event the Taubman College of architecture and urban planning The urban and regional planning program the Detroit school series and the residential college as we both Reflect on the topic the city after abandonment but also celebrate the publication of this book by the same title and Welcome the two co-editors and as well as authors of some of the important chapters Margie Dewar and June Manning Thomas This is an incredibly salient question for us to be thinking about in southeastern Michigan But for urban areas throughout the Midwest and really throughout many parts of North America this entire question of transitioning large cities as they go through different stages and one of the things that I find really intriguing about this book in addition Just the richness of the chapters it divides this topic into three large sections one What does the city become after abandonment? To what makes a difference in what cities become after abandonment and three I think the most interesting topic of all what should the city become after abandonment What we will be doing today is touching probably on each of those three areas to different degree Want to begin by inviting both Margie and June up to offer some comments remarks reflections on the book We're also absolutely delighted to be joined today by John Gallagher from the Detroit Free Press Who has written? Extensively on this issue particularly as it affects the city of Detroit and even within recent weeks Front page stories about Detroit and its evolution and land transition issues At a very very significant point So we are please get again to have John involved in a close-up event and he will follow Margie and June with offering reflection of his own We will then move to Audience Q&A. So hopefully despite this large audience, which we welcome There'll be opportunity for discussion would only note finally then that once we conclude there will be a reception Out in the Great Hall and indeed a book purchasing opportunity along with a book signing event So there's much much to be excited about here, but let me begin by welcoming Margie Dewar Margie welcome Thank You Barry and thank you to close up for inviting June and me to To talk about our book, you know if any of you've written books You know this is the most fun thing that one can do have the book done, but then get to talk a lot about it so Why did we do this project now? Let me see if I can many central cities of the northeast and the Midwest have lost substantial shares of their peak population since 1950 and Initially they declined after World War two because manufacturing firms changes in manufacturing technology meant that Manufacturing was more efficient in large suburban sites rather than old multi-story central city sites with railroad access and The housing post-World War two housing boom meant that many people moved from the central cities into the suburbs mainly white people because of extreme restrictions on the movement of African-Americans into white neighborhoods and restrictions on mortgage availability for African-American homeowners In addition retail moved out of the city people no longer Shopped downtown. They shopped in Used their autos to get to stores and they shopped in increasingly in malls So that all this led to the urban crisis of the 1970s with severely abandoned neighborhoods But this was a neighborhood problem. So the South Bronx was shocking But there were neighborhoods in Camden, New Jersey and Philadelphia and Baltimore Detroit Chicago that were also very disinvested Then the decline continued and it Was accelerated or in some cities the decline stopped because of restructuring of the economy So Chicago and New York City for instance Reinvented we're reinvented based on producer services instead of manufacturing But cities like Detroit Cleveland Pittsburgh. I could name keep naming them. It's a long list didn't find ways or Did that didn't happen to them and so their population decline continued and until really By the late 1990s and the early 2000s. It was clear. This was not a neighborhood issue This is a city issue. This was an issue about rethinking what should cities could and should cities become how could we reinvent Large areas of fairly vacant land. How could we assure quality of life for people who remained who were increasingly? low-income and increasing and more and more increasingly minority race So that was the issue that prompted us to think about this book because as we were thinking about these issues in the early 2000s we did not find People who had already written about it and it seemed as if in policy and in city planning most the emphasis was still on growth and still on bringing in stadiums and convention centers and casinos and Any big plant that might suggest it would come with subsidized and so forth. So Urban planners traditionally their job is guide manage and courage growth But that didn't seem to be the issue that most any of these cities were facing. So what should we do and And this map shows you can see the cluster of the very The white area across the northeast and Midwest of the United States are cities that lost large amount of their populations From 1950 to 2000 You can see how many there are and how much they Have and the cluster so therefore as Barry said we set out to answer Three questions. What does a city become after abandonment? And we were most interested in what was going on in the vast Disinvested neighborhoods. How were the residents remaking the places where they lived? How were people coming in and remaking the city? What were community-based organizations doing what had made their efforts possible and So that was one question second one was What makes a difference in what such cities become? We saw that different cities with the same indicators of low market demand for land and the same Losses of population were having different experiences and as planners were always looking for what are the levers that one can use to bring about Better outcomes in the same market conditions and so we were intrigued by that question looking at political relationships social relationships policies laws regulations and so forth and Then the third question is what should a city become after abandonment as planners? We're supposed that's our job We're supposed to envision. What's the future of cities and? Figure out how to get from here to that vision of a better city So we set out to organize our book around these three questions and we found started looking for authors we looked and looked at the abstracts from loads of conferences that Like geography planning public policy urban affairs and so forth and we didn't find people doing this work and so we Thanks to and this is where close-up really came in close-up enabled us to reach out to people who were doing Research on issues that might be related Who hadn't thought about their issues their topics in the way? We suggested so for instance We found people studying New Orleans disaster and we said New Orleans was losing a huge amount of its population before the hurricane How about thinking about this as a city after abandonment in a different way and they started Doing so so we had a wonderful symposium. Thanks to Close-up that where we critiqued each other's papers and we aren't tried to reorient our thinking It was so exciting that I really I Was so high on ideas. I couldn't really sleep for three days. It was so fun So So what did we come up with so what does the city become after abandonment and throughout this talk? What we're going to do is mainly use Detroit examples in the book there many other cities mentioned and Discussed but we're because we're closest to Detroit. We're going to just mainly talk about that So first you've no all no doubt Her community gardens are a major topic and thinking about what cities are becoming so Laura Lawson and Abilene Miller estimated there were eight hundred seventy five gardens in Detroit. Thanks to information from the community The garden resource collaborative. I actually think they're probably more but they're impossible to count because Of the institutional arrangements that are difficult just to give one example of these institutional difficulties Uh-huh. Yes, right a technical difficulty not a not a I Hope anyway so These gardens in Detroit are May or may not be on land owned by the gardeners and So there and they have not acquired or rented the land in part because it is so Difficult to do so and often expensive. So what how could institutions really the question is how can institutions be established so that People's F huge amount of investment and effort in making gardens such gardens in these Disinvested areas. How can those be reinforced so that the People who want to garden don't lose their prop their investment when other people want the land So another Other people who are remaking the cities that you've no doubt heard about our artists and Andrew Hersher looked at What was the relationship between art and The neighborhoods around them the art and what was the relationship between the artists and the neighbors and he concluded that critique urban critique can't Coexist may not be able to coexist at least does not coexist in Detroit with Collaborative art efforts so efforts that where neighbors and artists work together to use art to Strengthen neighborhoods lose the critique aspects of art. So for instance in the case of the upper left See if this works in this case, that's Motor City Blightbusters Chas Miller butterfly and This is the powerhouse. These were collaborative efforts that where they did work with neighbors But Heidelberg project and object Orange have been largely Often and tagging the neighbors have been antagonistic about what those groups have been doing in So and done without any consultation with people who lived in the area community-based organizations also have tried to remake the city and Landung who's right one of the chapter authors put your name your hand up is Looked at the effects of the low-income housing tax credit program on Detroit neighborhoods the federal that's a federal program whose major aim is to increase the supply of affordable housing in in the country in Area in cities like Detroit. There's a huge supply of affordable housing or what? HUD would define as affordable housing but The program gets used in such places to strengthen neighborhoods and so did it all over the city their community development organizations working on using this program or did they did this before the Recession undermined all housing development, but So did it work and what land found? Was that the strengthening of neighborhood housing markets only happened where the low-income housing tax credit projects were accompanied by a lot of other Projects as well a lot of other efforts to strengthen Neighborhoods or strengthen areas so in this case it was This area where there were a lot of low-income housing tax credit projects and a lot of other efforts. That's midtown Here Elmwood Lafayette Park and Urban Renewal area since the 1950s and here Jefferson Chalmers or Creekside where Also, there've been loads of efforts So you can see though from the dots that there were low-income housing tax credit projects scattered throughout the city so What this shows really is that having the clusters of them is more effective in actually achieving neighborhood strengthening So second question what makes a difference why our outcomes different in different situations We looked at two issues of that concerned What is it that a city government can or should do or city government can do? What is the capacity of government to make changes in the future of the city? That's declined so much Youngstown's a great example of us is the was for a long time the only city That had adopted a plan that said we accept we're going to be smaller We are smaller and we're probably going to be smaller in the future And so how did that happen when no other cities facing similar situations had been able to so an author named Laura shats looked at how a governance a governance coalition emerged We're made up of a new generation of city officials some Youngstown State University leaders Youngstown States now one of the two biggest industries in the city and City council members they wanted to identify directions for more positive change and they Created a very community engaged process remarkably so it won a national award for its Citizen participation from the American Planning Association the private sector business community was absent and Be in in large part because that is Youngstown situation its private sector has Largely disappeared So is that what kind of the kind of coalition that's necessary to rethink direction or can this be replicable this effort be Replicable elsewhere, and I think we'll see that with the what the fortunes of Detroit future city the plan that came out a couple weeks ago In Detroit which has not been adopted as the city's plan But that is a decline for a plan that accepts that decline has happened and then second a second look at Governance issues or governing issues was by Dale Thompson who's raised your hand who's Who looked at how can't how has targeting of resources happened in cities as you can see from this map Targeting in Detroit hasn't meant Really targeting or focusing. It's really the target zones have covered nearly the entire city but a lot a fairly a moderate amount of evaluation research has shown that That targeting resources focusing more research sources and certain kinds of areas than others does lead to positive effects on those neighborhoods because especially if they're sort of the sort of neighborhoods that are not the worst stuff but are kind of experiencing blight and what Dale called middle neighborhoods and The reason they do that the investment has such an effect is that it Restores neighborhoods neighbors confidence and makes them reinvest in their property so Dale looked at Baltimore Cleveland in Detroit and pointed to the huge political difficulties in choosing to focus substantial resources on certain neighborhoods that weren't the most needy and The weak institutional structure in place like Detroit where the CDC sector for the community development corporation sector for instance is not Terribly strong and where rules governing the use of different funds Really make it Forbid certain kinds of Targeting so with that I'll Turn this over to June Say something good afternoon everyone I See one of my oldest colleagues from Michigan State A colleague of old well he's always one of the others So please John, please come So this is John Schweitzer and thanks to MSU people who came So I'd like to pick up we're still looking at this whole issue of what makes a difference And so as Markey was saying Dale Thompson's Chapter looked at what makes a difference in terms of city-wide targeting But we also wanted to know what makes a difference in terms of what happens with CDC's Because CDC's are the ones that are quite often using the low-income housing tax credits and using the other funds To essentially make decisions So my chapter for the book looked at a case study of three CDC's and they're pictured up here the one on the far Left sorry Well, where is the red sea we should have had a little tutorial. I'm so sorry Next time we will have a tutorial for ourselves But this one is Indy Indy, which is the Breitmoor neighborhood. There's another one, which is the you snap back Neighborhood and then there is Jefferson Chalmers And we were looking at why are certain kinds of decisions made that seem to be counterproductive in terms of trying to make a visible difference in City neighborhoods and in this particular case What you see there is the pattern that that CDC the one Breitmoor in D&D Chose to construct housing for its particular neighborhood They constructed over 300 units and yet it was apparently somewhat Modified dispersion in terms of its pattern and in quite frankly if you drove down the street You were likely to see two or three vacant lots and then a Burnout house and then a boarded-up house and then a brand new house that they had constructed and then another a few vacant lots and so this particular chapter was looking at why why this outcome why are they essentially apparently Building housing in a way that doesn't seem to make a difference for a neighborhood in that particular case What we found was that there were very good reasons one was the market was essentially disappearing from under their efforts And so as they tried to build more and more units were being abandoned. That's one problem Another problem was the nature of the organization So sometimes the organization was not able to Essentially function in a way that would allow it to make the decisions that would give critical mass to its efforts and in some cases it was a matter of policy so one of the policies for example for the city of Detroit was That you essentially because of the zoning ordinance you had to have a certain lot with You couldn't use the old 25 Foot lot with you had to have a larger lot and so these organizations in order to assemble appropriate land were Acquiring something like a hundred and thirty lots in order to build fifty houses So they were moving around from place to place to try to find enough land to build that amount of housing So we found Examples like that that were showing that it wasn't just that That CDCs didn't understand targeting or didn't understand the need for critical mass But that there were some institutional barriers that were keeping them from doing so in contrast One of the other organizations you snap back had favorable demographic Attributes so that for example it had a mostly vacant portion of its area that it could use to amass housing and so the effects of that were that Mayors would drive people through the you snap back area showing this is a successful project because it seems to be all amassed Whereas really it was partially a result of the environmental circumstances So what makes a difference up? So as she mentioned we looked at other cities as well So one of them was New Orleans and here was a situation where you would think in such a clear case of Abandonment that this would be An effort to really see a city come together Not just in terms of its own efforts a city government, but also with CDCs and of course many of you have seen News really of essentially lots of people coming in with resources Well, there was actually enough of a problem that we had two chapters on just went wrong with efforts to rebuild New Orleans This slide is mainly from one of the chapters. It's the one that refers to the CDC efforts But in this case this was Jeffrey Lowe and Lisa Bates And what they did was to look at what had happened that had essentially Cut out a lot of the local CDCs from the reconstruction process for New Orleans and What they did was to kind of analyze what had gone wrong with this effort to try to get indigenous Community-based grassroots organ organizations involved in the process and what they discovered was that even before Katrina had hit the community development system was so weak that by the time the hurricane hit They already had something like 10,000 vacant housing units and they had CDCs or community development corporations that were building something like two houses a year so they were already fairly weak nascent organizations and Not only that but resources for those organizations had gradually been taken away year by year So they were even in worst shape in 2005 and they had been in 2000 so then what happened very interesting story these authors weave of Again this big crisis of Katrina This great this great debate in terms of should we rebuild all of the city Of course the low-lying areas were the areas where the poorest people lived racial minorities lived the higher areas where the areas the middle class and the elite lived and Sure enough the first plans that were coming out were suggesting that you rebuild in the higher areas has caused a lot of Difficulties so they weave a story of what was going on with this debate and what they suggest is that the CDCs were essentially outflanked by other organizations that came into New Orleans that Were had more visibility more appeal.  It was sex appeal one of them was by Brad Pitt so Essentially this idea that these high-profile Organizations were coming in and they got a lot of the resources The foundations were channeling money to them and the indigenous organizations that had been there all along struggling Just could not get off the ground so That's a very interesting story of essentially what happened to that particular initiative We also have a fascinating story in terms of what happened in Detroit This particular chapter was written by Marty doer and what she did was to compare Just the way that we look at vacant property and why there's a difference between The usage of vacant property in Detroit compared to Cleveland Cleveland happens to be a very good Comparison for Detroit for a number of reasons one of which is that both have lost population between 40 and 60 percent over the past 60 years both are Midwest both are post industrial But they're very different terrains and her chapter gives a really debilitating critique of what had gone on in Detroit in comparison. It's actually kind of It makes you a little sad to read this chapter, but You should read it anyway It's really it's it's really amazing because She found different cultures and different institutional capacity between these two cities and in Detroit For example, the city government really did not play as Strong a role in supporting the community development corporations or the CDC's and In part that was because of the way city government was structured At that time Cleveland had had a ward-based system for some time Detroit as many of you know only recently adopted a ward-based system That's going to be put in place with the next election So there really was no sense of ownership by the council members for Any particular neighborhoods the mayors had very different? Concerns in terms of whether or not they saw the development of community development as an important kind of initiative So that was one problem. Then you had all Institutions that had existed for some time in Cleveland such as NPI neighborhood progress Which had essentially Channeled a lot of foundation money to community development in that city and working relationships It's actually quite cozy in in Cleveland The people who work for community development organizations and people for who work for the city They socialize they exchange jobs. They marry each other. I mean, it's really very very nice That's not the cat that's not in her chapter, but I happen to know that It's very different in Detroit No one accuses the community development community and the mayor's office in Detroit of being cozy so So what should cities become after abandonment? This was the last portion of our chapter really a lot of fun to read just different ideas about what people Were thinking should happen. This was of course this draft was written before As Marty mentioned the the recent plan was issued But we were already beginning to see some of the trends that needed to be encouraged at that time So what should city be cities become one is they should become strategic about vacancy We have a magnificent chapter by Robert Beauregard who Really gives critical thought to this whole idea of Addressing vacant property through campaigns There was at one point a national vacant property campaign Which has since been absorbed into the Center for Community Progress Which had a certain approach to the vacancy that you see in different cities around the country in the world And they had a series of steps that they suggested you should undertake and a lot of it of course built on the efforts of Genesee County the Flint initiative and some of the efforts in Youngstown and What Beauregard's chapter did was really offer a bigger view of what we should be thinking about His idea is that we need to be sure that we don't focus so much on land and on Vacancy and on how to redevelop that we forget that there are still a lot of social needs and social issues That have to be dealt with a lot of times unfortunately people when they start talking about Vacancy and redevelopment they forget that there are people involved here So he was saying what you really need to be sure that you look at social initiatives and not just land development initiatives He also suggested that you needed to understand that local politics play a role And we certainly have seen that That you can't just decide you're going to clear out a certain neighborhood because it's mostly vacant We discovered that in Detroit that there are people that will still live there that will oppose that kind of initiative And that was foreseen by Beauregard in his thinking exercise about how should we think about these cities? What else should cities become we have another pair of authors Who essentially suggested that they should plan for sustainability That just because they have vacancy and abandonment doesn't mean that they shouldn't attend to issues such as sustainability So on the authors of this particular chapter looked at plans for sustainability by picking out those cities which had signed on as as Part of an environmental initiative or had created some sort of sustainability plan and Picked out for those cities and did a very nice content analysis of what were these cities that had lost population What were they thinking about in terms of sustainability? One of the conclusions of this particular chapter was that they were doing a great job in terms of thinking about environmental sustainability and business and economic development But somewhat of a less successful job in terms of thinking about social equity Which is unfortunate because those are the cities of course where social equity is still a major dilemma What should cities become we also have a chapter by Brent Ryan who is a designer urban designer and is at MIT and has also published another book design after decline that Kind of is a bigger version if you don't want to buy that whole book then you can read this chapter because it's But I'm essentially what he looked at was okay. So what do we need in terms of design? What are some of the design the ways we should think about urban design and what he suggested was One way we should think about it is to think about consolidation So this this particular image on the left is sort of he claims that this is not Detroit But look at that Really, you know, but anyway, so he says it's a generic city, but you know, so anyway So here you see on the left is typically what happens is you have this dense Portion the middle and then you have these other little developments that are popping up many of them by nonprofits And what he's saying is that we need a bigger picture where we begin to develop in a way that consolidates That all the institutions and all of the nonprofits come together and figure out Techniques for consolidation, which is a little bit of forewarning again of what Detroit Future City is saying in terms of investment And then what should cities become in terms of lessons that we've learned this far the last chapter Is a really quite extraordinary It's combination interview reflection by people that work that have worked in practice in Youngstown and Flint talking with Margie doer and the three of them are the authors of the chapter and they've come up with What did we learn from Youngstown? What did we learn from Flint and I thought the lessons for that were so good that I actually listed them and Basically and of course that picture is not Youngstown or Flint. I thought that's a really cool picture of day being But what are some of the lessons well some of the lessons include we have to plan for change and not growth We have to plan with the process that addresses past legacy What they discovered in Youngstown was that when they pull people together and try to get them to envision a different future that they couldn't they couldn't really start that until People were allowed to vent so the chapter describes the venting and it talks about all the issues and the past wrongs and the injustices and how people felt about those And basically what the authors say is you have to go through that you can't skip that you have to let people say What they really feel about the circumstances that they're living in and Then you have to move them to a sense of shared vision So once they get past that as happened in Youngstown then you can help them decide okay This is what we really want to see in terms of a smaller better city and of course focus on assets as well And then the last one you have to look at the landscape. You have to rediscover think about the land differently You have to think about it in a way that maybe goes back to its roots and reminds me of John's book You go back to ideas that were fundamental to the fabric of that particular city Find ways to reuse land Act I love that word Expeditiously to get rid of liabilities quickly that you can't just let them linger You guys have been really patient. Thank you so much Well, thank you first. I'd like to congratulate June and Margie on their book Margie mentioned one of the great thrills of being an author is to have the book done and you can talk about it And even greater one is to be able to autograph books that people are buying. So after this go out and buy their book It's right outside. I Like to make three three comments on this whole situation The first is by now the city governments in Detroit and all these post-industrial cities City governments themselves are almost incapable of providing the leadership that we need to address these problems. It's not that city governments are willfully Resistant it's simply that they were so broke at this point that there's not enough money to do very much I know we have some City officials or former city officials here from Detroit who have spent many many hours months years devoted to the city of Detroit And there there are dedicated public servants in all these cities But the fact is you're just no money left in the till if you look at the property tax base In all of these cities so much of it has been moved to the suburbs that there's just not enough left to fund municipal services By city government as we would expect that to happen Even just in tri-county Detroit Wayne, Oklahoma Detroit more than 90% of the tax base is now in Suburbia less than 10% is in the city of Detroit. So there's clearly just not enough to fund Municipal services as we would like to see them and now the city over the years has gone to heroic measures to try to adjust to this in 1970 or so there are about 30,000 Municipal employees at the city of Detroit now. There's probably 10,000 that number goes down all the time We have that and I live in the city of Detroit. We have the highest property tax rates in the state The highest city income tax rates in the state We have a we are absolutely dependent on the casino tax money that comes in We have special fees for a garbage pickup and that sort of thing and the city borrows very very heavily and we still can't pay the bills and the city's still on the brink of bankruptcy and You know, there's problems with street lights a huge number of street lights don't work and the fire stations are not staffed adequately And all these things and this is mirrored by what happens to a greater or lesser extent in in all the cities New Orleans Cleveland Buffalo the smaller cities like Camden and Flint and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania so Some municipal government is not going to provide the answer and we do have a question of What should municipal government be doing then what is its core responsibility? Is it simply public safety or does it go beyond that and we're sort of debating that right now? Now second the second point is that even as the capacity of municipal governments to deal with these problems has gone down Other groups have stepped up and increased their capacity to deal with these issues And so I think the leadership on this whole, you know Reimagining what city should be comes from three areas the foundation community the university and the neighborhood groups the CDC's the community development corpse The foundation communities like Kresge, but also community foundation and so on You know Mott Ford night foundation or not only Writing bigger checks, which they are but they're also involving your people in day-to-day decisions In this whole question of reinventing cities so that at the Detroit Future City planning process, which was just published their report Excuse me Not only did Kresge and the other foundations write big checks to fund that But they also had their people in there on a day-to-day basis working on working on this stuff If you look at the community groups Take someone like Sue Mosey who runs the university? I'm sorry midtown Detroit, Inc. with the successor to the old University Cultural Center association When Sue joined that organization 25 years ago, there are perhaps one or two paid employees Today she's got a staff of 20 to 25 paid employees and they do all kinds of things Originally all they did is is sort of do marketing district marketing now They do real estate development. They're responsible for a lot of the real estate They put together the deals that go happen in the neighborhood They do a certain amount of code enforcement mainly by moral Swazian to try to get people to live up to what they should be doing They do grant writing They manage all these grants that come in from various organizations to help help the city the thank you the The the live midtown. Thank you Live midtown instead of program that's managed by by Sue Mosey's group And if you look at the other groups in the city the warrant counter development coalition Southwest Detroit Business Association They're all doing this this kind of work all capacity building. They've all staffed up enormously. They have a Lot more financial resources much greater skill sets and they're all taking over what amounts to Municipal governance by by another name one of the chapters in the books talks about the difference Maybe it's Dale's I'm not sure but the difference between governing and governance and governing implies That it's happening through city government itself and governance implies that there's this much more messy Process where all kinds of groups are involved in providing Leadership and that's what we're saying in Detroit and other cities This is really brought home to me when I visit Cleveland and I spoke with the people at Cleveland Circle Inc. Which is the The CDC that manages the area that that's the equivalent of the midtown area in Detroit And as the director drove me around he pointed out that the city streets, which are the responsibility of the city of Cleveland Were pitted and rutted and pothold and all that but everything beyond the curbs Which was the responsibility of his group were pristine Because they had their own funding source from the universities and cultural centers and the signage the the lawns Everything everything looked great and so you have a sort of a dysfunctional city, but a very very professional and up-to-date community group That's really You know taking taking care of the public realm we've also done this in a different way in Detroit We've taken chunks of city government away and sent them either upstream to regional groups or downstream to single-purpose Neighborhood groups so for example region a transit which has been dysfunctional in Detroit for for many for decades Is is about to be sent upstream to a regional transit authority, which is now in the process of being formed And things like the Kobo Convention Center, which was sent to a non-profit authority in 2009 an eastern market Which went to its own authority in 2006 and The Riverwalk and campus marshes are being built by private quasi public conservancies All these things are happening and doing really really well Because we got them sort of away from municipal government and into the hands of people who could handle them these of every one of These has been controversial and we often go through these these terrible debates at city council like we're having right now with Bell Isle Where where people fight tooth and nail to hang on to the jewels, but in fact once they move to the new entity Things seem to work really really well and in fact eastern market and Kobo have turned around completely like years ahead of where they were Just a few years ago So the third so so we are reinventing governance in the face of this this absolute inability of city governments and so many other cities That you know to do anything because they just lack the wherewithal at this point And then the third point is that the Detroit Future City plan, which just came out two weeks ago a Really massive report 350 pages and so on is really a wonderful document and It's going to take a while for people to absorb it and digest it but it really takes the best thinking in in sort of urban planning circles and in reinventing cities Thinking out there and applies them to Detroit in a very thoughtful way So I think that in years to come it will be at least as significant as the Youngstown 2010 Plan is and I'd like to see someone Running for mayor really take that on and say this is my this is my campaign document right here So those are my three observations and now I guess June and Marty and I are going to sit up here Do some questions. Thank you for the water It was touched upon but skirted around and that is that these cities all exist in regions and these cities have Limitations in the sense that the political structures are bounded by physical boundaries and yet as was pointed out You know 80 a 90% of the tax base is in the region, but not in the city Solutions that don't deal with the regional aspect of any of these cities is critical The second is that a lot of what I'm hearing is market reliance It's talking about market failures or or programs to work through markets and those have I mean There's a whole body of literature that speaks to the problems of that Not the least of which is they like Detroit, which you know, it's 138 square miles And it's you got a third of the population that had a long time ago so that you know getting market generator solutions And then the third dimension that seemed to be missing is that the degree to which or role of citizen input In terms of some of these plans and programs those people who are around Detroit know that there is nothing else that that whole More than kerfuffle around relocating people to form concentration people felt isolated or left out of the discussion and there is sort of a Wisdom that you don't ask the homeless where to build low-income housing and they're the ones most affected So I think those three things Are missing at least from the presentation. They may well be in the other articles But I think that they're critical constraints as we start envisioning or visioning a city even as it embraces its smallness if you will so those are Questions I think the book does address them more than we did but Apparently it's So I'll try to speak loudly enough for you to hear me and just wave if you can't So indeed as John said the regional solutions are vital I we agree they Issues that and we can we've been able to see that we didn't articulate We did not go into this in detail in the book, but the the real struggle that goes on as As efforts to bring some of that money back to the city happened they mean Changing who's in control and that's not easy and indeed I would say The the residents of the city shouldn't lose all say and what's going on in in the this Transfers of money essentially where the state takes over something and does a good job of say demolishing Structures of near schools, but People still have lot that's not their elected officials now doing that and On market failures, I think we did deal with that in the book indeed tales chapter is really about how do you intervene to? Take advantage of market failures to strengthen places And the third one was citizen input Yeah, so I don't think really that we did we don't have a chapter that talks about citizen input But I think that's kind of assume The way it it comes through indirectly is at one point it could be we thought that community development corporations would Be a reflection of that input because those are Community-based organizations, so we were talking about CDCs We were really talking about these groups that at one point were supposed to be The representation of citizen input of course what has happened is that quite often they're not So that is still an issue But no, but certainly I think that this is something I think that was the lesson of the last chapter in terms of what Of what do we need to know in terms of Youngstown and Cleveland? About how we move forward the whole idea of involving citizens in that discussion I think was was handled very well there, so Yeah, just a comment. You're absolutely correct that the lack of regional reach is the big problem here Southwestern cities handled this through annexation. They were allowed to grow after World War two in 1950 Detroit was 139 square miles today It's 139 square miles Phoenix was 17 square miles now It's 500 so and that's Dallas Houston Albuquerque. They all they all grew that way So so that is a problem that the older cities were not allowed to expand in that way European cities of course a much more regionally focused as is one German planner said one time to me We try to make people feel really stupid if they move out of town, you know, we want people to live in the city So it's still sort of a lack of regional reach and all these sort of northeast rust belt mid Midwest cities that ultimately creates the problem that we're dealing with and all the solutions that we try to reach which Tend to be reach for it tend to be fragmentary because we're not dealing We're not reaching for regional solutions except in a very minor way like a regional board for covo. We're a regional transit authority so I have a question as John, maybe you're the first time the response. I thank you for the panel. It's great to see Entirely people like I mean we really care Detroit. I was there. I was always been crying You say the garden is trash the community really want to wake up, but somehow didn't work I didn't talk you mentioned about the The history will repeat No one mentioned about how San Francisco recovered Because of one man play very important known his name is a tea Xiaomi That's why Bank of America created He initiated microloan that time right after earthquake and the Great Depression That is city and there is Detroit Right now. We have three important people you talk about the Dan Gilbert. You talk about many You talk of another person penskey Those are the important figures Then we can see the seeds I See trash not garlic we But me time I see this and risk takers my question as a panel is that who are really? important movers and shakers we rely on Before we talk too much detail There's a golden bridge golden gate bridge There's another bridge was Dominate by one man, but was defeated by the people we're going to be a new bridge, but it's still fighting going on How we can solve the problem say you say what what what but who are the Shaker all we have classed over creativities. Well, I I think if Maddie Maroon is the one of the three. We're in trouble I And I'm sorry to speak in that way, but I think you know basically his concern is the ambassador bridge and his own company and I don't see that that really is a but Dan Gilbert is another Another person. I think what he's doing in terms of buying up. I think it's not 13 buildings down 15 is very interesting and and we'll see you know, we're still watching the story is still evolving So we'll see what happens I think the movers and shakers in terms of Detroit are different The way those of you in political science or policy would think of this in terms of regime theory We've had a very weak regime in Detroit So you would think that a city such as Detroit that had the auto industry You would have seen a very strong growth coalition that that was consistent over 50 a hundred years Whereas in Detroit the auto headquarters were either not in the center of the city or leaving as fast as they could so Henry Ford Developed Dearborn instead of Detroit. So there's been a long long history of disinvestment So I think we can't depend we have not been able to depend in Detroit on this What you think of in other places is the movers and shakers a Aka a growth coalition or regime. They just have not been consistent, but of course we've had people their people Illich is one that I would name Who are doing interesting things and we wait and see some people think that?   And so he's going to make a profit I think the real Anchors have been the institutions that you know, basically it's a medical center It's Wayne State University And of course the nice thing about this Detroit City future plan is we see there's some other anchors at other places But we're still watching to see how this evolves And I would add that The remarkable there are so many remarkable people in the city doing so many Interesting things who aren't the people whose names we would necessarily hear they are the leaders of community-based organizations who've been often working 30 years on these issues and they are Working against considerable odds, but And and making a considerable difference and I really believe that in Detroit There is not one answer one big answer to the big problem It's going to be many many answers from many many people that that relieve the problems of the city So my question is if you could maybe elaborate a little bit more about how That plays a role in developing a city and it may be also if there was anything that you learned specifically towards like Alternative energy and how that might play a role in developing a city Well, we're talking about doing a lot of these things right now mostly talking most of them haven't happened yet Things like the blue infrastructure that the Detroit Future City plan talks about that we would create these artificial ponds and lakes and swales and so on To give rainwater someplace to go besides the sewer system So we don't have to spend millions of dollars a year, you know running rainwater through our sewer system and you know green far carbon forests planting trees along highways and around factories to soak up air pollution to lower the rates of asthma and respiratory disease and You know as well as urban farming so we can feed ourselves more and I guess the question I have is is what's going to work? I mean not the one question is to what extent are we going to commit to that to what extent are we going to see that? That's important and getting all these disparate groups like Detroit public schools and water and sewer and all the others To buy into it and then once you do it will we do it to the point that it makes a difference Well, we just plant a few trees here and there or will we really you know go into The whole concept of carbon fires and then will it actually lower rates of asthma and respiratory diseases How much good will all this do and we're you know the exciting thing for me is that right now or at the front end of that in Deciding yeah, we think this is a good idea. Okay. How do we design it? How do we implement it? Who's in charge? How do we pay for it? How long does it take it then? How much good does it do? So that's where we are right now Thanks I think John mentioned that you saw the university is one of these sort of triad in the leadership And I wonder if you could elaborate on this a little bit Lessons learned Key directions what makes me how do you see the university? Well, it really is a thought leader You know a lot of the great interviews I've done have been with university researchers who you have the luxury unlike newspaper reporters of really taking a topic and digging into it in really depth and so You know yeah, for example, I'm not gonna toss it over here and I had conversations about targeting which have been very very Helpful, so I think as thought leaders the university people are very important And then they're in there in the fight when I said, you know Kresge is open in office in Detroit Well, so has U of M and and I see Eric working here from the U of M office in Detroit And all the universities Lawrence Tech and UD Mercy UD Mercy was a big part of the Detroit future city planning effort So, you know, they're not out here sort of just to you know in the tower You know spinning theories, but they're in there sort of getting their hands dirty on the ground Looking at all these topics, you know, how do you plan for a city after abandonment? So I think you know I repeat there That's one of the triad of leadership that we're getting in the city sitting there. Hi, I think so much for this Um, I wanted to speak to this idea that you put out of change without growth or the idea that you know This acceptance that growth isn't going to happen Which is something that I think a lot of us can get behind as an idea but I think that one of the one of the challenges of that and something that people might push back against just to say Yes, but this is a city where we have a very large poor population Really high unemployment. And so I was wondering if you could speak to the issue of how we can provide for people If we accept an idea that there won't be economic growth We didn't I don't think we meant to accept that there won't be economic growth there really has to be some growth in jobs or and access to jobs and improvements in education to enable people to Find better jobs and so forth and that's really really important because the city has lost so much It really has lost well over 90 percent of its manufacturing jobs and its retail jobs There's very few jobs left in the city in relation to the population It does not have it share of regional jobs at all and so and Detroit future. I think said 40 percent 30 percent of People who live in Detroit actually work in Detroit. So That's really that's really important. It also But it doesn't mean you you go after a big subsidy for a plant. It doesn't mean you Put a huge amount of your community development block grant dollars into a New company or something it really means that You think about how can People be connected with jobs that exist and how can more jobs be created in many small ways I do a lot of work in the spatial epidemiology of violence and such Have a kind of spatial sensibility that I bring to these things but you know, I'm thinking When I wanted to also ask you guys about Because I see we work closely in Flynn. We have a city Center for Disease Control youth violence prevention grant And that place is it's as if a meteor strike hit Right. I mean, you know the GM plan was lifted out and economically that place was essentially shot in the head So That's that's what happened to Europe after World War two and there was a Marshall plan. It was a very large scale thing There's flint is emblematic as is Detroit maybe others But my questions like there's local there's regional then there's national level efforts and need to be brought to bear here, right and If we're not speaking at the national level for the rust belt cities for these essentially these abandoned places I'm from the I'm from California. We have lots of ghost towns. They're smaller, but are these effectively going to become? Ghost towns. I mean, you know, like we tried it here didn't work. Everyone needs to leave now Similarly in I'm doing multi-city comparisons of crime and such New Orleans As soon as people could they left one of the dirty secrets about that is there's a lot of really poor people there Who needed to leave and they couldn't until the FEMA funds came through as badly distributed and all the other issues That occurred there. Is that something that we have to start thinking a little more proactively about? I'm just brainstorming. I don't have an answer, but there's a truly epic large-scale systemic Issue and I wanted to bring that it's almost like climate change Seriously, anyway, thank you Well, I I think it's important to speak to the national level. I think For this particular book we tended to focus more on the local level and the state level I think if I personally had more faith that our voice could be heard the national level I would address that but it seems as if these cities have been abandoned by national government But I I do think that what we should look at is maybe And I can perfectly relate to what you're saying about Flint and we have the same feeling about much of Detroit but what's interesting is that as we start studying these neighborhoods and smaller chunks of the city we're seeing forms of life and Resilience that Are not commonly known and I'm thinking for example this neighborhood bright more which we've sent several students to we've studied In some depth. I mapped it in one of the maps Is pretty much bombed out in some ways the center of it is bombed out and yet it has a fairly high number of home-based Businesses they are not big. They're not a replacement for GM But they're there people seem to have taken over some of the economic development for themselves There Margie some of Margie's research has shown that what people are doing sometimes with this vacant land is creative stuff I mean essentially reusing it to create homesteads Instead of their formerly narrow lots This bright more area as far as we can tell is the one in Detroit with the densest level of community Organizations mean it has like 38 or 40 in the bright more alliance So I think one of the things that that the research has shown me is that we Can't necessarily generalize about what we see is decay and decline from the Mega perspective when you look on the ground Sometimes people are making amazing adjustments now That's not to say that they should be doing that we should let that stand that that we should depend on that There are still things that we should do as a society We shouldn't make people depend on those kinds of things like hairdressing in their kitchen or something like that But let's at least acknowledge that some of that exists In terms of the city's going to disappear that all these cities occupy really strategic points Obviously New Orleans Pittsburgh Detroit and those those will still be there that their reason for being will still be there You know it's past the current thing and so I you know even before the auto industry Detroit had 300,000 people So so they'll these cities will still be here what they become of course is a question in terms of Spatial aspects of violence. There's a paper came out a year or two ago in Philadelphia about the Philadelphia green vacant lot Gun violence, you know that one I guess okay good. I think it is striking that the in the Presidential election there was no mention of an urban policy really and it's so indeed it's getting no This these cities are getting Little to no attention Also what people from who go to these meetings say the meetings and HUD and for instance say is that They're the HUD officials are really still talking to grow growing cities and the areas of Growing cities that need some support and not thinking about what about the cities where there isn't going to be Prospects for there aren't prospects for new development Stories that people often tell about Detroit that map on the sort of a longer trajectory in thinking about Industrial cities and one is Detroit as a warning of sorts So the Detroit that's been effectively eviscerated shot in the head I mean we're put it and then on the other hand is sort of inspiring hopeful This sort of urban gardening and community redevelopment kind of story and I guess the question in In one way this is just an invitation to sort of have you guys reflect on that but then also to ask How long has it sort of been torn between those two poles in Detroit right like how long of those two stories been active and then It seems to me and maybe this just demonstrates my own sort of familiarity with Detroit more than anything else But that the inspiring story has become more and more sort of active in popular media accounts And how people think about Detroit and I just sort of wanted to ask like why now if that's true Well, I think in the last few years these these two story I mean the the the depressing story about Detroit's over it's done. It's dead. That's been around for a long time the more hopeful story is Been emerging for maybe about 10 years or less And I think it tracks some of the efforts that have been emerging Most of the community gardens in Detroit are less than 10 years old most are less than five years old Earthworks for example probably the the best one is only about 10 or 12 years old So so one reason is that the media is looking at what's been happening You know the big Celebration of downtown Detroit's is Dan Gilbert moved down Dan Gilbert moved down two years ago so so a lot of interesting stuff is happening and Recovering that I think there's also even though people say the media is always looking for bad news The media is desperate to report good news People would much rather buy a paper with good news than bad news in it. So So I think the interplay of these two things is really interesting. It's hard to get someone to give you both in a measured way You need to get you know stuff like the Rune porn Detroit disassembled that photo book by Andrew Moore or you get something completely optimistic and almost polyamid it's tough to get sort of a Good measured. Where are we? Sort of thing Detroit Future City actually does that pretty well I think it's it's honest about the problems, but also looks ahead to our possible solutions So I live in Detroit off of Grand River and maybe six and I own a house there and when I I see that the big plan of The Detroit Orcs project come out and I look at my surroundings and I look at where they're mapping out certain things I'm going whoa that that'd be really different if that was actually put in place And now I've looked at the plan as in depth as I need to But I'm just wondering as a as a citizen living in an area where According to the plan my house, maybe shouldn't be there or As an urban planner that is out that is truly truly What wants the best for the public? How do I engage with the with the larger plan? How do I engage with the city? How do I be a citizen there? And do that responsibly and work with the government not against but also do my part So The planners for Detroit Future City say I've heard them say this several times We were looking at this from 30,000 to 50,000 feet up and a lot of the areas where they've said here's the future for this area are actually very Diverse they shouldn't be all the same in the future and so there's a lot of work to do to Get down to the ground on what should happen and in the do you know about the leap plan the lower east side action plan? They have actually done a lot to look in a very fine-grained way about what could the future of their area be and their plan differs from Detroit Future City in that Detroit Future City is looking at kind of very big pieces of prop big pieces of the city and Leap is looking at a few blocks here and a few blocks there and and the city officials have said they Are supportive of leap now all that you know has to be followed and monitored and you'll need to keep track of what's Happening in your neighborhood, but I think people are open to listening To different scenarios and also of course Detroit Future City is not a formally adopted plan anyway I mean it's a framework. It's a strategic framework and The history of planning in Detroit is that some stuff gets put out there that's adopted and some stuff never does So I don't think you should sell your house