Are you the Chairman? Yep sure, so you can have this. So welcome back everybody! My name is Alessandro Lajo. I work here in CISA. Close by. I have the honor to chair his session. And casts in to is a field which is important is really booming in many communities. In vesef it is a field at the border between different communities, this is the field of well-using and developing machine learning techniques in the context of solid state physics and material science. pri tem seštih nalivamo nekaj vzdušenih, iz nekaj vzdušenih komunicji, nekaj vzdušenih Mikere Ceriotti in Gabor Ciani. Zvoljimi imeli nismo se b만očnih stavov. paling neither miles tones ideas which are now stimulating, a lot of research everywhere, I am among the ones that are have now learned to use these techniques developed by these two guys in my own research, for several different Tako, sem zelo zelo poživljeni, da se zelo poživljeni, da je tukaj. Zelo tukaj je Gabor. Čakaj. Čakaj. Čakaj. Čakaj. Čakaj. Čakaj. Čakaj. Čakaj. Čakaj. ¬ territory ¬... ¬, ¬... me najkela zdaj nekako v tem rukulji, Mikkele Parenello očili o jebrih pé načina, in parjevce lati se pearlsi沒 od first publikacija in da bomo tez misto zato poslednosti o to priključenem z kolačnega odvačenja v ensembne lepova, da bomo zdeni me zvoj govadi nekaj nekaj staj, od razduh lahko. Molektorodemice하면 je zelo vizivno. Prevenim igram. Danes porobil še četv, in na četmu, nič smo nekaj ti bila, Če moramo beli izvajati, da počimunjamoč, da bomo počimu, kaj prisoners velika ovedno, in tudi, apa, nekaj teo v desnovu. Prevenim igram, nekaj ga se počima, in ga. What are interatomic potentials, so really there are three communities that are actually disjoint and that's been a problem, a learning curve for me and I hope that actually this approach, the machine learning approach is the one, which can bring them together. So the first community is really the community of force fields, organic force fields in biochemistry. vse predstavnih pakča in vse metod. Vsih transferabilitaj je obližno, in je več na razovim, da je to so vse začetne. Vse vse se pretrovno bolj se držete, pa se vse vse složite, in počutite protične protične, je to vzbolo vstavno. Imamo izvah, da je nekaj komunit, vznik, in nekaj vznik in vznik stavili materijali, in imajo nekaj faz, krvah, zeloč, in vznik ta komunit, nekaj potencijačni je krejil, prihajte začnega, počkaj ki je počkaj, in ne bo to tudi vznik, ne in vznik, in v organične svetlje, in drugi nekako se možemo vse partnerne formi. Tukaj je zelo komunitet, fiz pozitiv, materijalizacij. In tukaj je terga komuniteta, izgleda što je vidiš tukaj z drugimi in je tukaj z kojom komunit, ki je kratične komunit, in je se način v vse vse možete, ki je kratičnje stavlje, povah nekaj in In jim je to v tem, da je zelo skupnje potencijalne energije do vseh systems, kot je skupnje neko je pomečen kvantum kemistri, ki je potrešen klaster, in kako se skupnje več več vse. Zvečo, da se časno vse je vse vse in tudi ima tudi odličen. The goal that the long-term vision I have is really to unite these 3 corners of this triangle to retain the accuracy and many of the attitudes of these people, but make them transferable to large systems and make them reactive and applicable to the materials that lots of us are interested in That's sort of the end goal. ki subsequently doesn't go. First, I think what has to ask, and I didn't ask for many years while doing it, is actually possible. If we think about density functional theories or any other description of quantum mechanics, is it actually possible to reduce it to a potential energy surface and then fit that on analytic functions accurately. And really, all of us start and never really transcend the separation of short and long range interactions when we do that. And the rest of the talk we really focus on the short range interactions. So I do have to say something about long range interactions because quantum mechanics is long range. So when you solve Schrodinger equation in whatever approximation you do have charge transfer, you have polarizable electrostatics in vandavalske interakcije, in zelo si atomi počekaj, kjer lahko od svoj način. I včešljati tudi, da se udajimo v te rovna interakcija. Kaj pa se bilo studične sistem, na kajno se malo nesel, ki se sem počekaj, in razljeli metod in potencijal, ki je to vse zelo učin, in način učin ne bilo oto sovje. Kajmi, tudi, nalitikih formov od nekih interakcija, Ako pristosti, zaznam, da tako bo vse bo nekaj dobro, da bi smo se obradi, če nekaj dovradi, in da bo tako rukit, ki so. In sem, da najske način, dokonan, bo, ki sem več način bil, in da sem vse nasočila, da bi se vse nekaj dovradi in nekaj da je dovoljnje, da se nekaj dovolj, tako začil jaz. Vse je izten, kaj je ljubo vse, is the remainder. Either after ignoring the long range, after subtracting it or after parametrizing it, is Volterkohn's short nearsightedness of electrons, how does that extend to atoms? Are atoms also nearsighted? And one of my favorite systems in which to think about this is amorphous carbon. You can have very low density amorphous carbon full of SP and SP2 bonds, and you find, if you test this, that atoms are really not short range. So you perturb an atom and forces on atoms very far away change. And you can go to very high density diamond like carbon, which is a very, very short range material. If you perturb an atom here, only the first few neighbors have forces that are changed. So in order to, the rest of the talk is about short range interactions, assuming you've done one of these. And now I want to spend the next few slides telling you about function fitting. And it will look very elementary at the beginning, and the surprise is that that's really all you need. But one key idea is dimensionality. So if you want to fit functions in few dimensions, let's say this is a one dimension, and this is a one dimensional function, and I give you some data. From a physics perspective, it is not a deep problem to make an interpolation of these points. If I ask you to draw it, you will all come up with something like that. That doesn't mean, I don't mean to say that there are no mathematically interesting issues in this. You can write books about the accuracy of various approximations in the various limits. But from a physics perspective, these functions are not going to look very different. And the real reason for that is that we can get enough data to really fill this space. And once we fill that space, mathematicians can tell us about universal basis functions, polynomials, splines, gaussians, and they can study their convergence properties, but they all essentially lead to the same answers. And that is on contrast with fitting interactions of functions in many dimensions, which is what we're going to want to do. To get the short range part of quantum mechanics accurately, we will want to fit functions of, say, the energy of an atom as a function of its 20 nearest neighbors. And that's a 60 dimensional space, so it's very large. So in high dimensions, you get data, but the data doesn't fill the space. It's sort of very sparse. And because when the data is very sparse, really the only thing you can do, and this is at the very heart of every machine learning method, is that you use basis functions to construct your functions, and those basis functions need to live where the data lives. If I try to use a regular grid in 60 dimensions, I have too many grid points. So these typical splines and polynomials that work in low dimensions don't work in high dimensions. And that is the essence of machine learning. It's actually finding basis functions, suitable basis functions induced by the data. Typically basis functions are local, and so I can fit functions that I want where the data lives. OK, so how do we do this? I like to do linear regression in many dimensions. So suppose that you have atomic configurations indexed by these curly letters, so A, B, C, and so on, and I have some observations in the space of atomic configurations. Let's call them Y, and let's say I have N observations, and I'm going to want to use not all of them, but some of them to represent my functions, induce basis functions using some kernel. So the kernel is, you can think of it as a function of two parameters, taking two atomic configurations, and by placing one of them where your data is, it induces a basis function. I'm going to tell you later what the kernel is, but just think of it abstractly as some local function in atomic configuration space. And any function that I want to fit, be that the energy of an atom, be it the polarizability of something or a charge induced on an atom, is going to be written as a linear combination of these kernel functions. So A is the free variable here, I can choose any atomic configuration and evaluate this function there, and B is going to range over some representative configurations, and K, A, B are the induced values of the induced basis. And you can see that this is essentially a dot product, I have unknown a vector of coefficients x, I can collect it into this vector, and this vector K is the vector of the basis functions over all of my representative configurations, and the other argument is where I'm trying to evaluate. And this K is a row of a K matrix that is m by n. So it's essentially, it's also called the design matrix. It's all the basis function values connecting the representations, connecting the observations and the representative configurations. So this is an easy problem to solve for the unknown coefficients, it's a linear least squares problem, you are looking for the best fit. So Kx should equal Y, it's not going to equal it exactly, but I'm looking for the unknown coefficients x, which minimize the error. If you actually implemented that, it turns out that it's very unstable, but it has an analytic answer. So if m is equal to n, if I use all of my representations as, all of my observations as induced in representative configurations, then all I have to do is invert this K, and that's my x. Typically, we don't want to do that. There are too many, many observations, and we don't need all of them to induce basis functions. So if m is much less than n, then instead of K inverse, we use the pseudo inverse, right? Just a slightly more complicated linear algebra expression of a non-square matrix, multiplying the observations, and that gives you the coefficients. If you implemented this directly, it's extremely unstable. Oh, just notice that this is order n cubed, whereas this is order n, so linear in the number of observations, which is a much nicer place to be. But it's unstable, but it can be stabilized, and that's a 50-year-old theory. Tkanov invented a way of regularizing these inversions, and essentially what Tkanov says is that instead of minimizing the best fit, you should also try to minimize the magnitude of the coefficients. And there are sort of very deep geometric reasons why this is the right thing to do. If you minimize this combination, then you get pretty good fits, not the best possible fit, but the best fit that are also very smooth. The amazing thing about the Tkanov regularization is that you retain the analytic answer. So this is an analytic solution of this minimization problem. If I add this to it, there is still an analytic answer, and it's this simple when m is equal to n, and if m is not equal to n, I mean this pseudo inverse case, that is the analytical answer to this minimization problem. Lambda here is a diagonal matrix that contains weights, so you can weight different configurations by different amounts. And that is, in fact, is what we have in our codes. The only thing that I'm hiding in the interest of time and the difference between the talk and the detailed paper is how we pick the representative configurations and questions of derivatives. So I'm just talking about observations. Why? Whereas in reality we observe energies and forces in gradian. So that's the only thing that makes the real code slightly more complicated than this, that we have derivatives, and the selection algorithm. I'm going to want to talk to you about error bars, and the way we... There's a very nice theory, which I'm just going to quote here, that this linear least squares fitting has a counterpart in probability theory. The probability theory of Gaussian processes. So there is an alternative derivation of the previous result, in which you think about having a probability distribution of functions over all the observations, and then asking, what's the probability of predicting the next observation, and that theory results in the same answer as the previous linear least squares solution. The average of the posterior probability has the exact same formula, but when you go through this probabilistic derivation, you also get the covariance. And I'm illustrating that here, suppose these are the observations that I make. This is just a one-dimensional example. I can draw multiple samples from this posterior distribution, and you see that they all agree very near the data points, but they disagree where I don't have data, and we can consider that as an error bar. So this shaded region is now the variance around the mean, and you don't get that from the linear algebra view, you only get that from this probabilistic view. And this is what inspired us originally to call the application of all of these two interatomic potentials.  We call it gap. And the reason people really like this is it comes with a theorem. So if you use Gaussian kernels as the number of observations goes to infinity, as long as the function you're trying to represent is reasonably regular, and the number of representative configurations is order n, so m is order n, then you're guaranteed that the error goes to zero, as n goes to infinity. And that's a really nice thing. And the function that you obtain is going to be a sum of your kernel function, sum of Gaussians, so it's going to be infinitely differentiable, arbitrarily close to your target function, whether that is infinitely differentiable or not. You can get very close to it. And I want to just close this section by quoting my favorite public speaker and mathematician, Hannah Fry from UCL on a radio program last year. She said, oh, there's a lot of talk about revolution in artificial intelligence. There is no such thing, but there is a revolution in computational statistics and it's fantastically exciting. And that's what lots of us are working in. So don't believe the hype, that hype, believe the other hype. So let's get back to physics. And the anatomy of an interatomic potential, these are the things that you need. So you need a representation. We need to think about how we're going to say where the atoms are. We need to think about what function we're going to approximate and where we're going to get data. So traditionally, in potential making, people are representing configurations using one-lengths and angles and maybe torsions. I want to tell you about in the next couple of slides how we represent configurations by their neighbor density. We want many body representations, not just one-lengths and angles. We want the complete environment of an atom. Then when it comes to regression, traditionally parametric functions have been used, but in the quantum chemistry community in various polynomials have been used and the body order expansion for two, three, four body terms. Artificial networks are a way of regressing data and the Gaussian processes that I outlined before is just a way of doing regression. The function that you're trying to fit, we could do a body order expansion and very often people do that, think about pairs of atoms, triplets of atoms, pairs of molecules, energies of triplets of molecules, but in the condensed phase, we really want to think about entire periodic systems, so the total energy of many atoms together and that's what I'm mostly interested in. We target data and if you're going through this sort of upper root, so simple functions, parametric functions and body order expansions, you're thinking about a couple of molecules, very often you're able to incorporate experimental data in these fits, but if you're going towards the bottom of these choices, complicated neighbor density descriptors, kernel regression, total energies, then quantum chemistry and solid state physics, density functional theory is where the data is going to come from. I want to tell you what our kernel function is and in order to do that, we need to think about the representation of atoms, so we introduce the atomic neighbor density function, so think about an atom in the middle and it has some neighbors and you could think about putting a delta function at each of the locations of each of the neighboring atoms and summing them up and that density rho of R is a representation of the neighborhood. Very, very quickly one realizes that it's much, much nicer to work with smeared atoms because it's going to lead to much smoother functions when we're going to build functions out of this neighbor density, so imagine gaussians placed centered on your neighbors and maybe even with a cut-off function that smoothly cuts them off as they exit some radius and so we have a representation that is translation invariant it doesn't matter where my atom is this rho of R function is centered on each atom, there is permutation invariance because this sum doesn't care in which order I add up my neighbors, it's continuous especially if I have a continuous cut-off function, but it's not rotation invariant, I like my atomic energy functions they do not change when I rotate the entire system and this function certainly isn't rotation invariant and everybody solves that essentially by projecting this density onto rotational invariant basis set so Baylor-Parnello symmetry functions which were part of the original proposal can be considered a projection of this neighbor density and there are many, many others you can make histograms of bon lengths and angles in the projection of this in the next talk Mikhele Czerioti will go into more detail about these connections but our favorite choice is to take this atomic density and perform essentially construct a kernel directly so remember we need a kernel function and we can take two of these densities so of two different neighboring environments and multiply them and integrate and that's an overlap and that's a kernel but it's not rotational invariant but we can make it rotational invariant by taking this overlap function squaring it and applying all possible rotations to it and integrating this square the overlap across all possible rotations and that is a six-dimensional integral three spatial integrals here and three rotational integrals prej nice kernel but it would be pretty difficult to calculate for each of the basis functions you would need to perform a six-dimensional integral but it turns out that if you expand this neighbor density into spherical harmonics taking your favorite radial basis set I'm calling it GN here YLMR spherical harmonics you have some CNLM expansion coefficients it turns out after this integrated overlap is exactly equal to the dot product of what we call a power spectrum P which is just C dagger C so contemplate this for a few seconds you take the neighbor density you expand it in spherical harmonics you square it C dagger C gives you a rotational invariant actually some elements of this are the well-known Steinhard-Bond-Order parameters Q246 which are used to characterize crystals and if you take dot products between these power spectra then that is exactly equal to the K, to the kernel that I defined here so that's sort of a profound result and that's in fact what we use so the kernel functions and kernel matrices are just a small integer power of this rotated integrated overlap the nice thing about this from a physicist's point of view these are very few free parameters so really the cutoff function this sigma which is the smearing of the atoms the cutoff, the smearing and this small integer which is typically 4 and that's it so all of this there is very few things to tune so now I want to show you that this really works so the first few demonstrations that if I give density function and give data to this system to this framework I get density function accuracy at much, much, much reduced cost so here are few examples here is tungsten tungsten is difficult, it's a BCC metal and these are three different interatomic potentials across the decades so a finite singular potential and MEAM and the Bonn-Order potential and this is the DFT reference error with respect to DFT reference for a bunch of properties and you can see that not a lot of accuracy progress has been made understanding progress, yes but not accuracy if you put this through the soap kernel smooth overlap of atomic positions that I just described and the Gaussian approximation potential you get these points and I didn't cheat that's real data exactly there isn't exactly zero it's a milli-EV per atom accuracy the database are small unit cells MD on less than typically less than 128 atom unit cells we can go further here's iron even more difficult system it's also BCC from here are from Daniel Dragoni and Nikola Marciari who are also here and it was much harder to do than tungsten we were so expensive to get the DFT data that we had to use non-uniform K point sampling and they extreme care when setting the DFT parameters and when we did this first and we computed the thermal expansion this is experiment this is the DFT which gets the volume slightly wrong but otherwise qualitatively is correct and our gap model was okay at low temperature unstable and it turned out that we weren't honoring our own promise of being careful enough because what turns out that when we use the noise, the weight in the regression to compensate for the inadequate K point sampling of large cells large unit cells being slightly inconsistent in the small ones once we fix that we get a perfect reproduction of the thermal expansion the last example is what I call the silicon challenge ten years ago when we made all these promises we said let's make a potential just does everything can we in fact do that and silicon is the material in which to try here are lots and lots of different crystal structures have been described in the literature can we have a database of DFT calculations that covers all relevant configurations the answer is we can this is from earlier this is just at the end of last year here is a bunch of different things you'd like to compute elastic constant surface energy point defects here are the best potentials on the market from to even a tight binding model and you can see that really the DFT errors are all over the place the machine learned model is really very very very good there are some untargeted properties that are really very far from what we had in the database and it's really not bad for those either not as good as for the targeted properties but not much worse I want to finish with I want to finish with transferability and future thoughts in the last minute the most stringent test that we can think of is crystal structure search so here is crystal structure search from random initial conditions with all the different potentials and instead of letting you stare at those points let me just give you convex hulls and the machine learned model is the only one that's vaguely sensible compared to the density functional theory black and red are those so what is I can't skip 7 by 7 reconstructions especially this audience is the first interatomic potential that gets this extremely delicate 7 by 7 and 2 by 1 reconstructions on silicon surfaces here are what the other potentials do here's what you get with these das reconstructions as a function of unit cell size and you can see that the density functional theory answers that these 5 by 5 as 7 by 7 are 0.01 joust per square meter difference are the lowest energy states is correctly reproduced so I'm not gonna talk through these but in the last year alone these are the materials for which we produced potentials and not just shown that they work but actually did science so all of these materials had outstanding scientific questions about growth of carbon films about defect less silicon amorfa structures screw dislocation glide in BCC iron medium range order in germanium antimony telleride all of these are very active research fields and accurate interatomic potentials make the difference so here's the vision for making interatomic potentials for the world so you start with some baseline maybe incorporate strong inter nuclear repulsion you may need to have electrostatics depending on the system I think we've solved the short range bonding problem and also many body dispersion I didn't talk about that and we can add on to this body ordered corrections from wave function chemistry again that's old work that's been done but I think if you put all of these things together with the missing piece really the fitted electrostatics we do have the possibility of making potentials that can do large scale MD very very accurately I'm just gonna leave these up these are things we're currently working on thank you


Okay, now we're going to go into the GreenLake power panel, talk about the cloud landscape, hybrid cloud, and how the partner ecosystem and customers are thinking about cloud, hybrid cloud as a service, and of course, GreenLake, and with me are C.R. Howdy Shell, president of Advisex, Ron Nemechek, who's the business alliance manager at CBTS, Harry Zarek is president of CompuGen, and Benjamin Clay is VP of sales and alliances at Arrow Electronics. Great to see you guys, thanks so much for coming on theCUBE. Thanks for having us. To be here. Okay, here's the deal, so I'm going to ask you guys, each to introduce yourselves and your companies, add a little color to my brief intro and then answer the following question. How do you and your customers think about hybrid cloud? And think about it in the context of where we are today and where we're going, not just the snapshot, but where we are today and where we're going. C.R., why don't you start, please? Sure, thanks a lot, Dave, appreciate it. And again, C.R. Howdy Shell, president of Advisex. I've been with the company for 18 years, the last four years as president. So I had the great, great opportunity here to lead a 45-year-old company with a very strong brand and great culture. As it relates to Advisex and where we're headed to with hybrid cloud, it's a journey, so we're excited to be leading that journey for the company, and as well as HPE, we're very excited about where HPE is going with GreenLake. We believe it's a very strong solution when it comes to hybrid cloud. I've been an HPE partner since, well, since 1980. So for 40 years, it's our longest standing OEM relationship, and we're really excited about where HPE is going with GreenLake. From a hybrid cloud perspective, we feel like we've been doing the hybrid cloud solutions the past few years with everything that we've focused on from a VMware perspective. But now with where HPE is going, we think really changing the game, and it really comes down to giving customers that cloud experience with the on-prem solution with GreenLake, and we've had great response from our customers, and we think we're going to continue to see how that kind of increased activity and reception. Great, thank you, CR, and yeah, I totally agree. It is a journey, and we've seen it really come a long way in the last decade. Ron, I wonder if you could kick off your little first intro there, please. Sure, Dave, thanks for having me today, and it's a pleasure being here with all of you. My name is Ron Nemechek. I'm a business alliance manager at CBTS. In my role, I'm responsible for our HPE GreenLake relationship globally. I've enjoyed a 33-year career in the IT industry. I'm thankful for the opportunity to serve in multiple functional and senior leadership roles that have helped me gather a great deal of education and experience that could be used to aid our customers with their evolving needs for business outcomes to best position them for sustainable and long-term success. I'm honored to be part of the CBTS and Onyx Canada organization. CBTS stands for Consult, Build, Transform, and Support. We have a 35-year relationship with HPE. We're a platinum and inner-circle partner. We're headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. We serve as 3,000 customers, generating over a billion dollars in revenue, and we have over 2,000 associates across the globe. Our focus is partnering with our customers to deliver innovative solutions and business results through thought leadership. We drive this innovation via our team of the best and brightest technology professionals in the industry that have secured over 2,800 technical certifications, 260 specifically with HPE. And in our hybrid cloud business, we have clearly found that technology, new market demands for instant responses and experiences, evolving economic considerations with detailed financial evaluation, and of course, the global pandemic have challenged each of our customers across all industries to develop an optimal cloud strategy. We now play an enhanced strategic role for our customers as their technology advisor and their guide to the right mix of cloud experiences that will maximize their organizational success with predictable outcomes. Our conversations have really moved from product roadmaps and speeds and feeds to return on investment, return on capital, and financial statements, ratios and metrics. We collaborate regularly with our customers at all levels in all departments to find an effective comprehensive cloud strategy for their workloads and applications, ensuring proper alignment and cost with financial return. Great, thank you, Ron. Yeah, today it's all about the business value. Harry, please. Hi, Dave. Thanks for the opportunity and greetings from the Great White North. We're a Canadian-based company headquartered in Toronto with offices across the country. We've been in the tech industry for a very long time we're what we would call a solution provider. So hard for my mother to understand what that means, but our goal is to help our customers realize the business value of their technology investments. Just to give you an example of what it is we try and do, we just finished a build out of a new networking endpoint and data center technology for a brand new hospital. It's now being mobilized for COVID high-risk patients. So talk about our all being in an essential industry providing essential services across the whole spectrum of technology. Now, in terms of what's happening in the marketplace, our customers are confused, no question about it. They hear about cloud and cloud first and everyone goes to the cloud, but the reality is there's lots of technology, lots of applications that actually still have to run on-premises for a whole bunch of reasons. And what customers want is solid senior serious advice as to how they leverage what they already have in terms of their existing infrastructure but modernize it, update it. So it looks and feels a lot like a cloud, but they have the security, they have the protection that they need to have for reasons that are dependent on their industry and business to allow them to run on-prem. And so the Green Lake philosophy is perfect. It allows customers to actually have one foot in the cloud, one foot in their traditional data center, but modernize it so it actually looks like one enterprise entity. And it's that kind of flexibility that gives us an opportunity collectively, ourselves, our partners, HPE, to really demonstrate that we understand how to optimize the use of technology across all of the business applications they need to run. You know, Harry, it's interesting about what you said is cloud is, it is kind of chaotic, my word, not yours, but there is a lot of confusion out there. I mean, it's what's cloud, right? Is it public cloud? Is it private cloud, the hybrid cloud? Now it's the edge, and of course the answer is all of the above. Ben, what's your perspective on all this? From a cloud perspective, you know, I think as an industry, you know, I think we've all accepted that public cloud is not necessarily going to win the day and we're in fact in a hybrid world. There's certainly been some commentary impressed, you know, that would sort of validate that, not that it necessarily needs any validation, but you know, I think as the linkages between on-prem and cloud-based services have increased, it's paved the way for customers to more effectively deploy hybrid solutions in the model that they want or that they desire. You know, Harry was commenting on that a moment ago. You know, as the trend continues, it becomes much easier for solution providers and service providers to drive their services initiatives, you know, in particular managed services. So, you know, from an aero perspective, as we think about how we can help scale in particular from a green light perspective, we've got the ability to stand up some cloud capabilities through our aerospace platform that can really help customers adopt green light and benefit from some alliances opportunities as well. And I'll talk more about that as we go through. And Ben, I didn't mean to squeeze you on the arrow.  I mean, if you Google the history of arrow, it'll blow your mind, but would give us a little quick commercial. Yeah, absolutely. So I've been with Aero for about 20 years. I've got responsibility for alliance organization, North America, we're a global value added distribution, business consulting and channel enablement company. You know, we bring scope scale and expertise as it relates to the IT industry. You know, I love the fast paced, the fast paced that comes with the market that we're all in. And I love helping customers and suppliers both, you know, be positioned for long-term success. And you know, the subject matter here today is just a great example of that. So I'm happy to be here and forward to the discussion. All right, we got some good brain power in the room. Let's cut right to the chase. Ron, where's the pain? What are the main problems that CBTS, I love what it stands for, consult, build, transform and support. What's the main pain point that customers are asking you to solve when it comes to their cloud strategies? Sure, Dave. Our customers, concerns and associated risks come from the market demands to deliver their product services and experiences instantaneously. And then the challenges is how do they meet those demands because they have aging infrastructure, processes and fiscal constraints. Our customers really need us now more than ever to be excellent listeners so we can collaborate on an effective map for the strategic placement of workloads and applications in that spectrum of cloud experiences while managing their costs and of course mitigating risks to their business. This collaboration with our customer, customers often identify significant costs that have to be evaluated, justified or eliminated. We find significant development, migration and egress charges in their current public cloud experience coupled with significant over provisioning, maintenance, operational and stranded asset costs in their on-premise infrastructure environment. When we look at all these costs holistically through our customized workshops and assessments, we can identify the optimal cloud experience for the respective workloads and applications. Through our partnership with HPE and the availability of the HPE GreenLake Solutions, our customers now have a choice to deliver SLAs, economics and business outcomes for their workloads and applications that best reside on-premise in a private cloud and have that experience. This is a rock solid solution that eliminates the development costs that they experience in the egress charges that are associated with the public cloud while utilizing HPE GreenLake to eliminate over provisioning costs and the maintenance costs on aging infrastructure hardware. Lastly, our customers only have to pay for actual infrastructure usage with no upfront capital expense. And now that achieves true utilization to cost economics with HPE GreenLake solution from CBTS. I love the focus on the business case because it's measurable and that's where, follow the money. That's where the opportunity is. Okay, Sierra, I got a question for you. Thinking about advisex customers, how are they, are they leaning into GreenLake? What are they telling you is the business impact when they experience GreenLake? Well, I think it goes back to what Rahm was talking about. We had to solve the business challenges first. And so far, the reception's been possible. When I say that is customers are open. The C-suite wants to hear about cloud and hybrid cloud fits. But what we're hearing and what we're seeing from our customers is we're seeing more adoption from customers that it may be their first foot in, if you will, but as importantly, we're able to share other customers with our potentially new clients that say, what's the first thing that happens with regard to GreenLake? Well, number one, it works. It works as advertised and as a service, that's a big step. There are a lot of people out there dabbling today, but when you can say we have a proven solution, it's working in our environment today, that's key. I think the second thing is, is flexibility. You know, when customers are looking for this hybrid solution, you got to be flexible for, again, I think Ron said it well, is you don't have a big capital outlay, but also what customers want to be able to do is we want to build for grow, but we don't want to pay for it today. So we'll pay as we grow, not as we have to use, as we used to do, it was upfront, the capital expenditure, now we'll just pay as we grow and that really facilitates. And another great example is you'll hear from a customer this afternoon, but you'll hear where one of the biggest benefits, they just acquired a $570 million company and their integration is going to be very seamless because of their investment in GreenLake. They're looking at the flexibility to add to GreenLake as a big opportunity to integrate for acquisitions. And finally is really, we see it really brings the cloud experience and as a service to our customers. And with HPE GreenLake, it brings the best of breed. So it's not just what HP has to offer when you look at hyperconverge, they have Nutanix, they have Cohesity. So I really believe it brings best of breed. So to net it out and close it out with our customers, thus far the customer experience has been exceptional. With GreenLake Central as the interface, customers have had a lot of success. We just had our first customer from about a year and a half ago, just re-up. And it was a highly competitive situation, but they just said, look, it's proven it works and it gives us that cloud experience. So had a lot of great success thus far and looking forward to more. Thank you. So Harry, I want to pick up on something CR said and get your perspectives. So when I talk to the C-suite, they do all want to hear about a cloud, they have a cloud agenda. And what they tell me is it's not just about their IT transformation, they want that, but they also want to transform their business. So I wonder if you could talk, Harry, about CompuGen's perspective on the potential business impact of GreenLake. And also, I'm interested in how you guys are thinking about workloads, how to manage work, how to cost optimize in IT, but also the business value that comes out of that capability. Yeah, so Dave, if you were to talk to CFO and I have the good fortune to talk to lots of CFOs, they want to pay the cost when they generate the revenue. They don't want to have all the cost up front and then wait for the revenue to come through. A good example of where that's happening right now is related to the pandemic. Employees that used to work at the office have now moved to working from home. And now they have to connect remotely to run the same applications. So use this thing called VDI, virtual interfacing, to allow them to connect to the applications that they need to run in the office. Don't want to get into too much detail, but to be able to support that from an at-home environment, they needed to buy a lot more computing capacity to handle this. Now, there's an expectation that hopefully six months from now, maybe sooner than that, people will start returning to the office. They may not need that capacity so they can turn down on the cost. And so the idea of having the capacity available when you need it, but then turning it off when you don't need it is really a benefit of a variable cost model. Another example that I would use is one in new development. If a customer is going to implement a new, let's say, line of business application, SAP is very, very popular. You know, it actually, unfortunately, takes six months to two years to actually get that application set up, install, validate, attest it, and then move through production. You know what used to happen before? They would buy all that capacity at front and it would basically sit there for two years. And then when they finally went to full production, then they were really getting value out of that investment, but they actually lost a couple of years of technology literally sitting almost idle. And so from a CFO perspective, his ability to support the development of those applications as he scales it, perfect. Green Lake is the ideal solution that allows him to do that. You know, technology has saved businesses in this pandemic. There's no question about it. And what Harry was just talking about with regard to VDI, I think about that. There's the dialing up and dialing down piece, which is awesome from an IT perspective. And then the business impact there is the productivity of the end users. And most C-suite executives I've talked to have said productivity actually went up during COVID with work from home, which is kind of astounding if you think about it. Ben, you know, Ben, we said Harry's been around for a long, long time. Certainly before all of us were born and it's gone through many, many industry transitions during our lifetimes. How does Arrow and how do your partners think about building cloud experiences and where does Green Lake fit in from your perspective? Yeah, great question. So from an Arrow perspective, when you think about cloud experience, and of course us taking a view as a distribution partner, we want to be able to provide scale and efficiency to our network of partners. So we do that through our arrows through a platform. Just a bit of, you know, a bit of a commercial.  So if we pivot that directly to HPE, you're going to get a bit of a scoop here, Dave. So we're excited today to have Green Lake Live in our platform available for our partner community to consume, in particular, the Swift solutions that HPE has announced. So we're very excited to share that today. Maybe a little bit more on Green Lake. Now, I think at this point in time, it's differentiated in a sense that, if you think about some of the other offerings in the market today, and further with having the solutions themselves available in Aerosphere. So, you know, I would say, we identify the uniqueness and quickly partner with HPE to work with our Aerosphere platform. One other sort of unique thing is, you know, when you think about platform itself, you've got to give a consistent experience in the different geographies around the world. So, you know, we're available in North of 20 countries, there's thousands of resellers and transacting on the platform on a regular basis. And frankly, hundreds of thousands of end customers are leveraging today. So that creates an opportunity for both Aerop, HPE and our partner community. So, we're excited. You know, I just want to open it up. We don't have much time left, but thoughts on differentiation. You know, when people ask me, okay, what's really different about HPE and Green Lake as others, you know, are doing things with as a service? To me, it's a, I always say cultural. It starts from the top with Antonio. And it's like, the company's all in. But I wonder from your perspectives, because you guys are hands-on, are there other differentiable factors that you would point to? Let me just open that up to the group. Yeah, if I could make a comment, you know, Green Lake is really just the latest invocation of the as a service model. What does that mean? What that actually means is you have a continuous ongoing relationship with the customer. It's not a sell and forget. Not that we ever forget about customers, but there are highlights. Customer buys, it gets installed. And then for two or three years, you may have an occasional engagement with them, but it's not continuous. When you move to a Green Lake model, you're actually helping them manage that. You are in the core, in the heart of their business. No better place to be if you want to be sticky and you want to be relevant and you want to be always there for them. You know, I wonder if somebody else could add too, and in your remarks, from your perspective as a partner, because you know, hey, a lot of people made a lot of money selling boxes, but those days are pretty much gone. I mean, you have to transform into a service's mindset, but other thoughts? I think dad did that, Dave. I think Harry's right on, right? The way he positioned it's exactly where you get to own the customer. I think even another step back for us is we're able to have the business conversation without leading with what you just said. You don't have to lead with a storage solution. You don't have to lead with a compute. You know, you can really step back and have a business conversation. And we've done that where you don't even bring up HPE GreenLake until you get to the point where the customer says, so you can give me an on-prem cloud solution that gives me scalability, flexibility, all the things you're talking about. How does that work? Then when you bring up, it's all through this HPE GreenLake tool. It really gives you the ability to have a business conversation and you're solving the business problems versus trying to have a technology conversation. And to me, that's clear differentiation for HPE GreenLake. All right, guys. CR, Ron, Harry, Ben, great discussion. Thank you so much for coming on the program. Really appreciate it. Thanks for having us, Dave. Appreciate it, man. All right, keep it right there for more great content at GreenLake Day. Right back.


This is Christian Buckley with another MVP buzz chat and I'm talking today with Lynn. Hello. Hi, Kristen. So for folks that don't know you, who are you? Where are you? And what do you do? Oh, yeah. Hi. My name is Lynn Zawin. I'm currently based in New Zealand, Wellington. And I'm currently working in the Dynamics 365 and Bob the form area. Yeah. Very cool. I love that city. For 12 years, I was living in Seattle and Wellington is a lot like Seattle. Yeah, it's always like rainy. Well, the weather wise too. Yeah, yeah. But no, it just has that same vibe. Like there's a coffee place in every corner. Yeah. It's a very walkable, interesting, vibrant city. It's a really, really big deal. The coffee culture in Wellington. Yes, it is. And of course, home of Weta and all that good fun. So we're good times. So what kind of stuff are you focusing on? So your Dynamics 365 or Power Platform MVP, what's kind of your focus? So my main focus is as I background is Dynamics CRM and then came Dynamics 365. When Bob the form came, main focus is still in the model driven app part of the Dynamics, our apps. And we also do a lot of our automate cloud flows to the backend process. So my main focus is if in terms of the Bob the form, my focus is more on the more driven apps and the cloud flows and occasionally power pages. What's interesting, how long have you been working with Dynamics 365, the CRM platform? Well, as long as my career started back in like last 12, 13 years ago. So back in it was Dynamics CRM. I started my career with CRM 4.0 days, really, really old. I don't have a lot of experience with it. I left Microsoft in 2009, went to a little startup or little ISV. And that was my first experience, all Dynamics CRM. And so it was very automated, like our website, you would breathe on it. And we were picking up those signals and doing things with it. And then of course, I've gone companies kind of back and forth between Dynamics and Salesforce. But I know that it's why I understand that it's a very rapidly growing space yet again. So yes, a lot of that I think has to do with the power platform, a lot of the cross integrations between tools. Yes, indeed, it's a really growing market. And there's a lot of demand, especially in the New Zealand, we are always looking for people. And during the lockdown, we can't bring in people from overseas and the demand is really high. Yeah, well, that's, I've tried to convince my wife that we need to go live for a year or two in New Zealand, because I've been many times I love it down there. And I've hiked all over both islands. Yeah. And absolutely love it. I've had friends that have done, like summertime, they went down and rented like a camper and just drove the country and different experiences, I'd love to do that. Yeah, you should totally try it out there a lot of great hiking areas and a lot of great tracks. How difficult is it for somebody, you know, international to, to come down and work out of New Zealand? I know this is a little bit of a sidetrack, but I've always been interested. Like, I don't know if you if you pull in a lot of expats in to work and what that process is like. Definitely, it's now that the border is starting to open up is going to be a lot easier. And especially for the countries who has the like holiday walk visa privilege in New Zealand, they are like way easier. They just come in and then just start working for a couple of years kind of thing. But for those who requires to the company to sponsor the walk visa, it's a little bit tricky situation. And because it's a longer process, the company has to advertise the ads. And they need to prove to government that they cannot get the required results locally. And then they have to sponsor it. So it's a little bit of a lengthy process. I always wondered how that, especially now that so many organizations have made the decision to go, you know, partially or entirely virtual. What happens there?  But I mean, because my my thought was always the opposite. Like I always thought, you know, I could work anywhere in the world. I've been working remote for 12 years now, 13 years, a long time, more than a decade, I could be anywhere. And if I lived in New Zealand, I just have to be up at weird hours to to be in all the meetings. Yeah. Right. And that's tough. But that's not every day you can build your schedule around that. It's tougher for me. And I have grandkids now. And so it's kind of difficult to move to the other side of the planet. When you've got great kids, you know, the time zone is the only tricky part where it's really the same part of the whole world and then not really aligned with much with the other time zones. The closest is Australia, which is two hour later than us. Yeah. Yeah, it's always when I when I'm doing sessions for, you know, APAC and realizing that even the variety there, people in Perth, people out of Auckland and Wellington, and people out of Singapore, and just finding a time that'll work for everybody just and then it's it just never really aligns for especially my team is all in the east coast of the US. They're two hours ahead of me. And so I do an APAC call and I try to pull people from our New Jersey office, for example, in on those calls. And they complain that I'm making them jump on a call at 9pm, 10pm at night. But yeah, well, fun. Well, what was your so tell me about your journey to becoming MVP? This is your is this your third? Yes, yes, this, like, as of last three days ago, it's my third. Yeah. So my journey started back in, let's say, last 10 years, since I started working in like CRM. And when I did the development, as you know, we all developers, we do Google, when we don't know, we just walk that way. And I found a lot of my issues, solve by those people in the forums, and some of the problems by in the blog post. And since then, I was inspired to start contributing in the area. So if I can find something in the online, I try to solve the problem by myself, and then I try to blog it so that I remind myself if I encounter this problem in the future. And eventually, I also started answering questions in the forums back then, it was MSDN forum. And it was really good. And, but eventually, it just starting to really get busy in Singapore. And I just happened to do it like on and off, not routinely. And then I, since I migrate to New Zealand, I just want to restart it again. And then I just participate it in the user group forums, meetups in the Wellington, and also just restarted the blog. And then I just do, like, do it more consistently this time. And also, but participate in the forums. And one day, and a trust from Australia, he reached out to me, hey, Lynn, I really like your, you're really active in the community doing these contributions, would you want to be nominated as an MVP. So that's, that was the time that I was contributing for, started my contribution for three, four months. So I was like, I don't think I have enough content to submit if I were to show for my last 12 months on contribution. So can you give me a few more months? And so, and that was around January, February, and then he reached out to me again. I reached out to him on May, June, okay, now I'm not ready. I think I'm ready to do the submission. And then after submission time, there were some same time like this, there's a renewal happened. So I had to wait for a renewal round. And then I think it's August, I was called an MVP award. For folks that don't know, too, I mean, the submission process, so it's looking back over the past a year of activities.   And there's some people that, you know, wait a while, I always talk about I have a good friend who's a an MVP and an RD now and, and he had gone through that cycle and been considered a number of times. And finally, he just said, you know, look, I'm the amount of effort he owns his own business is very busy, very successful. And the amount of time that he was taking to collect all of that work and, and compile all of that. He's like, it's never going to happen for me. I'm not just forget about it. I'm just, I'm happy doing this stuff. But I don't have time for this activity. And then he got it. You know, and then he was in now he has to do it to renew. But it's just a year, you know, yeah. But it's, yeah, I mean, it's, it can be depending on the level of contribution, you know, and what you're collecting a building. It's not a small task to go and put all that together and organize. What did I work on the last year? Yeah. So it's more like time cheating, filling time sheets. If I do regularly, I don't feel it's okay. But if I do it at the end of the year, and I have to recollect all look at through my all blog posts and all my activities and user group speeches and like, oh, it's I know. Well, so I tell this advice, like for you, Lynn, and but I so I started years ago when I was working for another software company. And, and I was writing most of the marketing material. And I'd have sales people like, Hey, did you write an article about that? Or didn't you do a webinar on that topic? And like, Yeah, let me compile it. So I did an internal newsletter on a monthly basis of everything that I did the prior month and would send it to the sales folks. And then I just like, Why didn't I just put this out on my blog? And so I've been for years, I have what Mike, I call my my monthly. So I've got like the I just published on the first of every month, I do a like June 2022 content wrap up. And then I, I take the time it's it takes a time to compile that article once a month of all of those activities, all the links. And then I put the kind of the narrative the story around Hey, here's what I was working on. Here's the event that I went to here's the webinar that I did. And then all of those links and publish that out. So what I need to get better at, and I don't know what your process is, but is adding that now into the tool on a regular basis, not waiting for the end of year. Yeah, the renewal process. Because that's that's a pain where everybody is trying to go and add their contributions, all in the month of March, all in the last week. Yeah, sometimes they even decide this down. Yeah, but, but anyways, I the other thing is like, so I know that there's, there's a lot of people that have questions about getting started, you just talked to a perfect example of starting in the forums and then starting to expand on maybe what you shared in a forum in a blog post. So what was your process? I mean, did you like set aside time every day to go in and answer questions or what did that look like? Yeah, for me, the blogging, I put some blog, my calendar and one of the weekends. So I started for five hour blog for, let's say, Saturday first. So that if something come up on Saturday, I can move it to Sunday. For forums, I usually do it during the night, like block half an hour each day, go through the all the new questions and reply the response to my previous questions. It's a bit of blocking your personal calendar. Yeah, well, that's again, that's I think that the only way to do it to be consistent, block out the block out the time and, and it may be that all you're doing is going in and I always remind people it's not just about what you're answering but recognizing when somebody else has a good response and commenting and liking it and doing that thing. So, so that maybe you get other notifications that there's follow up questions on that topic, but recognizing others is a big piece of that as well. Yeah, indeed, throughout the whole process, you're not just answering the questions. You also learn from other people's problems and also same as what you mentioned, you also learn from other contributors. So you go to the new question, you see someone answer it and you say, oh, that's quite a good answer. I've never, I wouldn't have never thought about it. So this not just contributing, it's also the learning process. That's why I love forums. That's why I like panels is because even though you may have the correct answer for that, somebody else brings in a different perspective from a different industry or a different novel approach that you're like, you know, I never thought of it that way. And, you know, and so it's great to have those other insights. And if you are blogging, I mean, you could, I mean, a lot of us where we have our regular jobs, we're not just blogging all the time. But I mean, I don't think there's any shortage of topics that are out there. If you did nothing more than go and collect good answers from other people, give the attributions, recognize the people that gave those answers, which is always key. It's a one a secret to growing your blog is make sure that you're properly citing the work of others. You always want to do that. But and then and then putting together your thoughts around the topics. I mean, you I could go and blog once a day and find interesting technical problems that you'll have something to add to and, you know, build up a content. And that's a great way for people that are looking for ways to start, just go and find common problems that you've run into that you have some experience with, but pull in the work of others as well, you'll grow a lot faster. Yeah, that's also one of my source of the blog topics back in the days when I do forum answers. So when I get run out of all these problems that I encounter as my projects and my work, I can see all those people's questions and answer them. And then I blog about it. And reference to those threads. Yep. For one trap. Yeah. Well, that's, yeah, that's a it's a great point because a lot of people think like, well, what do I write about? What do I talk about? What are the experience? And you know, sometimes when I'm doing, I do Microsoft 365 AMA. So M365 AMAs, we do these regular basis with a group of us. I've got, I don't know if you know, Kirstie McGrath out of Melbourne at MVP participates in these as well. And we were just recording earlier this week and some of them and a couple of the responses, like I have no experience with that. And so I'm listening to them share their, their feedback on that. And then I found I did, I said, Oh, you know, hey, this might also work to help solve that. And so having just that interaction sometimes sparks another thought, another idea of, Hey, I have had something experienced that's relevant to solving this problem that, you know, that could help there. But yeah, well, that's why I'm in collaboration technology, because I love that kind of collaboration. Yeah. Yeah. Well, then I really appreciate you taking the time to one great to meet you. I hope to get down in your neck of the woods sometime soon. And maybe this year, but definitely next year, I'll be back down your way. But for want to find out more about you or get in touch with you, what are the best ways to reach you? Where are you most active in the social platforms? I'm equally active in both LinkedIn and Twitter. So it's my full name, Lynn Zowin, ally double N, ZAW, WIN. So this is the same as for my Twitter handle. Excellent. Of course, I'll have the links within the YouTube and within the blog and podcast. So Lynn really appreciate you taking the time today. It's great meeting you and have a great weekend. I should have put it at the beginning. This is your weekend. Yeah, it's Saturday. Saturday morning. It's Saturday, 10 a.m. Dedicated, all right, to community. Well, thanks for doing that and appreciate it. Thanks for it. Yeah, I'm really glad to be on this show.


This breakdown's got three different parts to it, and they're all awesome. I'm excited to be making this one. Hopefully you guys enjoy it. First part is just an epic at bat with two outs, Cranky versus Maldonado. This breakdown's brought to you by DraftKings. It starts out with a ball. Once this count gets to 3-2, there's a fast ball right down the middle from Cranky to even it out, one and one. Now there's two runners on. There's two outs. Cranky's throwing a lot of pitches. Kind of says yes, then no. And then Maldi's taking his breath to older guys in the game. 1-1 pitch. Wants that for a strike. Doesn't get it. Correctly called. I think that one was outside. Maldi's like, OK, open my eyes. Trying to really focus his eyes. Cranky's got the ball. The 2-1. Even more outside. So now it's 3-1. Cranky's taking his time walking off the mound. And fouled away. The banana watches it go. Full count. And here's where we get just a full-on battle of whose time is it? Who owns the clock? Cranky's taking his time looking around.  Like, hey, hey, hey, you guys there and there. And he's like, who are you talking to? Two runners on? OK. If you walk him, Al Tubei comes up with the bases loaded. He's kind of getting bored on deck and iced out. And this is an interesting pickoff move by Cranky because he does the inside move, which you do, to throw to second. But he has no intentions of picking off the lead runner, Brantley. His head spins all the way to first. He's trying to see if the trail runner isn't paying attention. But the trail runner was paying attention. And Brantley knows it. And he's like, hey, good job. And Cranky points at his first baseman. Like, yeah, we tried. And then Brantley laughs at Cranky. And Cranky looks at him. And he laughs at him.  Still haven't thrown the 3-2 pitch. Maldi's been waiting patiently. Focuses his eyes by looking at his bat. Focuses them again. OK, he's ready to hit. Steps in. Cranky's not looking at him. Blue says, hey, you got to look at him. Those are the new rules. You guys both got to be looking at each other. You got to make eye contact. Cranky's like, OK. Still haven't thrown the first 3-2 pitch. But here it comes. Failed away. Banana watches it go. It's going to remain 3-2. Maldi's going to go for a little bit of a walk. Collect himself. The runners are on the move. So they got to go back to the bases. Cranky gets on the mound, wipes the sweat from his brow. Maldi's in the stance, doing his little wiggle. Salvi's like, come on, come on, come on, come on. Here we go. Here we go. The next 3-2 pitch, what's going to happen? Big moment. Foul back. Banana unpeels himself so we can see it go. And we're going to do it again. We're going to take our time. Cranky's going to wait it out. He's going to stand on the mound. Maldonado's going to catch his breath. He's hanging out.  No, he wasn't ready. It's 7. He wasn't going to be ready. Oh, man. And the umpire's like, well, dude, you called time now. It counts as an official, like you're one time. You might as well go talk to him and figure some stuff out. So Salvi's going to go walk to him. And Cranky's going to be like, oh, both feet weren't in the box. We had them. And if you look at the replay, when Maldonado sees him stand up and then he hears Cranky say, he's not ready, look at Maldonado place that foot in the box.  Yeah, he was right. Kind of wasn't in the box. So Cranky was hoping he was going to get Auto Strike 3 there. Timing game. Anyway, they meet on the mound. Want to do this, want to do that. Let's throw up strike. Good job. Here we go. Go team. Take my time. I'm going to take my time once that clock starts. It's my world. It's my game. You're on my time. Maldonado? OK, here we go. 3-2 pitch. What's he going to throw? Just looking at his glove. And we're at 14 seconds. 13, 12, 11, 10. Here's the pitch. Strike 3. Oh. Called a ball. Cranky slow walks all the way to the mound. What's he going to say to the ump? Hey, you missed that? Hey, wake up. He says, pitching from the wind up. Wind up. Yep. And that's all he said. No harsh words. No yelling. No wake up. No, you missed it. I'm just like, oh my god, I thought he was going to get mad at me. And this is what Cranky said after the game. He said that that's what he said, basically. Did you say to the umpire after that question? Same thing I do every time. There's a guy on third base that pitch from the wind up. And you have to let him know. So I was mad for like two seconds. And then it's just focused on getting the next guy out. So I went back and found a ton of games where there was a runner on third base and he decided to go the wind up. And he's right. Look, that pass ball. Runner gets to third. He tells the home play dump. Full wind up. Full wind up. Yep. Another one I found walks him, which sends the runner from second to third. Hey, wind up. The catcher thought he was coming out to talk to him. He says, no, no, no, no. Wind up. Pitching from the wind up. Yep. Umpire says, OK, he tells the rest of the umps. Wind up. Wind up. That's the signal. Another game. Sackfly sends the runner to third. Cranky was on his way to cover third. So he just tells that umpire. Hey, pitch him from the wind up. He says, OK, wind up. Wind up.  Umpire, in this situation, he held his tongue. And he just let him know, hey, I'm pitching from the wind up. All right, the next part of this breakdown is pitch framing. And while Salvi did not the best job here, which umpire shouldn't depend on the catcher's glove and their movements, but they do. It happens. And catchers are either good at manipulating that or bad. And Salvi didn't do a good job. So first, I'm going to show you a little bit of the art of stealing strikes. I did a video on this a while back in like 2020. But watch the catcher. This catcher is going to give the pitcher his target. Aim at my glove, OK? And then he's going to drop his glove completely. So the umpire has no frame of reference and there's nothing blocking him. And then as the pitch comes, he's just going to grab it and straight up. And then he's not going to hold the glove there to act like he's framing it. That's the new thing. Watch him. It's so cool. All the movement is up and gone. Oh, and I should say, these examples are all sliders with 40 inches of drop and crossed the plate at the same spot on the axis. I put it all in. There's only been like 10 of them. These were some of the ones that were called strikes. This one's my favorite over in Seattle. Look at this. Ooh, soft hands. Barely even gives a target. Some pitchers don't need it. But as soon as that ball, he lets the ball travel to him and then up. No other movement. OK, now here are catchers that are giving big targets to their pitcher. Like really big and then they're going to drop down. No target. And then straight up. That's really nice. No wasted movement. No freezing. No holding. Here's JT. Boom, up, down to his knees. Umpire's got a clear view of the ball. And all the umpsies is up. There's no reference to be like he had to go reach down and get it. Now you look at Perez. And he gives the target. And then he comes down. He comes instantly back up, then down again, and then the freeze. It's kind of like just an old school catcher trying the new thing, but not really understanding what the new thing is. It's also a very hard skill. When you look at him side by side, watch this. So he's got the target there. He goes down. He touches the dirt. He's back up. We're not even, gloves not even fully up on the other side. And then he reaches on the right, reaches for it. Glove goes down, then glove goes up, and then he's hanging around. Gloves are down. Salby's is back up. Salby's is now coming down, while the other one only, only comes up. It's very cool. It's a very cool one done right. It's an art. It really is. Look at this. See how quick Salby just touches.  And the umpire isn't getting that view that the whole point of this is to give him a view without the glove, without the context of, oh, that ball was below the glove. But because Salby brings the glove back up right away and then stabs it, that's what the umpire has, where on the left side, the hand only ever comes up. Might pause for a quick second to catch it, but it's just really smooth. And here you go, another comparison. Down, the other just up. Anyway, Altuve did come up with the bases loaded. He grounded out to third to escape the inning, and that ended Granky's night. And he did not yell at that umpire, although maybe he wanted to. But he did not. Just told him, going from the wind up. Thank you to DraftKings for sponsoring this breakdown. And thank you to you guys for watching the breakdowns. And thank you to everyone that subscribes to the channel. And thank you to everyone else that doesn't subscribe to the channel, but's pondering it.


Two new strains of gram-positive bacteria have been discovered that can tolerate high levels of arsenic in their environment. These strains, named SW2 and SW4, can remove up to 51.45% and 51.99% of arsenite and 53.29% and 50.37% of arsenate from arsenic-containing cultures, respectively. Furthermore, these strains can convert arsenite into less toxic arsenate, suggesting that they could be used as a potential tool for bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated environments. This article was authored by Itiya Day, Sumandranath Chatterjee, and Nava Kumar Mondal.


Governors elected under the platform of the People's Democratic Party, the PDP, are to hold an emergency meeting on Thursday in Abuja to discuss the party's leadership crisis. The Director General PDP Governor's Forum, Honorable CID Madhu Abum, announced this in a statement issued in Abuja on Wednesday. The statement noted that the emergency meeting was summoned by the Forum Chairman and Governor of Sokoto State Aminu Tambuwal in consultation with his colleagues.


Hi dear friends, I am coming to you with a different video We're just gonna chat for hopefully just 10 minutes here and I'm going to tell you what's been going on with me So about six weeks ago I was filming for you guys and I was sitting exactly here and I started to feel real woozy Like I was just kind of swirly. You know how you get that vertigo feeling occasionally That's kind of what I was feeling going around and around and I just thought okay. I'm not gonna be able to film today I don't know what my problem is so my camera sits right where you guys are looking at and I picked my camera and the tripod and the ring light up and I put it just away from me and I I felt myself going and The next thing I know I'm waking up on the floor and I had passed out. I have no idea how much time had gone by I don't know how long I was out for but I felt terrible and so I'm right by my bed And I just basically climbed up on my bed and went to sleep. I guess like I might have passed out again and Just next thing I know I'm waking up and it's two hours later, and I am just I felt awful and then for the next Probably six seven days. I did feel really nasty so That being said this has been coming on to where I've been having these bouts of what I felt like was vertigo or low blood sugar or something to where I felt very faint and I would like gray out and then I would just stop because I didn't want to pass out again And I just stopped whatever I was doing. I would lay across the counter Whatever I needed to do sit on the floor until that passed and just feeling so odd really odd in the in the interim of all of this I have my whole life I've had a heart murmur a non a benign heart murmur. I was born with it The doctor actually told me about it when I was like almost 40 And I didn't even know that whole time that I'd had it and he said well They probably didn't say anything to you because it's one that we hear you don't have to worry about it And I was like okay, and I asked him at that time What about your heart jumping or skipping or feeling palpitations like your heart's jumping around and he said that's normal Everybody gets it and I have had that my whole life, too. I've had that feeling my whole life But since that episode I have been able to feel my heart You know how when you your heart beats and everything's going fine. You don't think about your heart You don't even it's there. You don't know your heart's beating. It just does its job It's like breathing you don't think about your lungs taking in the air and you know whether they're pumping and my heart was Jumping around skipping around making me feel like I was out of breath and I had told my husband I think it was on a Monday night and we were in bed and I said honey I think I'm gonna go to the doctor and just ask them what this could possibly be about because it just doesn't feel right so I let it go another five six days and I Told my son I'm gonna go to the urgent care I went to urgent care and I just told the physician. I said I am feeling like my heart is jumping out of my chest I don't understand what's going on. I don't feel good. I feel like I'm gonna faint all the time They put me up on an EKG and she said Do you normally have an abnormal EKG and I said no, I've never you know I had surgery for my bariatric surgery In July of 2019 that was okay And then a week later I was rushed into emergency surgery for it and my my EKGs were fine then too. Well She said to me she said I don't think I can do anything for you I believe that you need to go down to the emergency room and have them evaluate you because they'll have doctors that can talk to you and And so at this point I'm spooked. I'm freaking out. I'm thinking what's wrong with my heart, you know My dad has really a lot of heart disease. He's had five-way bypass He's had tons of stints put in different things. My mother has a pacemaker. So I'm thinking. Oh my gosh I'm starting that and I'm just barely over 50. I'm 52 this year So I was really just spooked. They let me drive down from the urgent care Which was about five seven miles away from the hospital. They let me drive my car So I figured it couldn't be anything too too bad, right? I you know had to be okay so I get in there and they did another EKG immediately and The technicians said how long have you had branch bundle blockage and I look at him and I'm like What you know, I was freaking out. I'm like what what you know, and he said okay He said lots of people have this you've probably had it forever and I said no, I haven't I know I haven't because I've had Cessarians I've had Operations, you know, I've had EKG's just specifically to do a baseline of my heart like four or five years ago And so it took about Probably 40 45 minutes before there was even a bed open for me And I also thought took that as a good sign too because it's like they're not gonna Let me sit here if I'm in the middle of a heart attack although I go back in there and they immediately do all of the heart attack tests that you get your enzymes and They repeat that after three hours to see if they're elevated at all And so I'm sitting there the doctor comes in he starts to explain what it is it's called a left bundle branch block and Basically what it is is for some reason the nerves at the top of the heart or the signals from the top of the heart Are not getting into the branch or the bundle branches on the bottom of the heart on the left side To tell it to beat a normal beat and it is considered heart damage It can be a big deal It cannot be a big deal and what I read about it is when it's a big deal is when people actually come in because they're fainting Hello, so I'm just like okay, so then I'm spooked I'm really worried at this point. I'm freaking out. I'm calling my kids I'm trying to you know figure out what in the world. They make sure that I wasn't in any danger I wasn't having a heart attack My heart was doing what are called PVC's which are an abnormal palpitation that we could actually watch on the heart monitor You know, everybody's heart normally beats up and down like this Well, mine was going beat beat beat and then I do a big dive and then it'd skip over and That is a palpitation or an abnormal heartbeat and that comes from this So basically what they do is they send me home and they, you know, told me to follow up with a cardiologist Well, the next day the ER room Want you to do this survey about whether or not you were helped to know what to do Well, no, I wasn't because they were in such a huge mess and I get it. I'm not trying to be a complainer The nurse had to leave me at one point and go put in a chest tube because somebody couldn't breathe I mean what they're going through. Oh my goodness. I just can't even imagine these health care workers. They're just Wow, they're overwhelmed. I even talked to the nurse later on and asked her, you know How full they were and she said we can't take another patient all of our ICU beds are full all of our regular beds are full We've corned off other parts of the hospital for ICU and they she said we're just we're Completely overwhelmed and this is the biggest city in Utah either. This is a smaller city in Utah So they are very very overwhelmed and I too my heart goes out to them because I can't imagine what they're going through But back to this story. So anyway, the next day I got that call and the nurse said well, okay I'm gonna help you figure this out. So she got on with the cardiologist found out that the cardiologist had Ordered me a stress test a monitor that I wear for 24 hours to watch how the beats are going and then high smuggers And then also an echocardiogram that tells the health of the heart how the valves are acting How the ventricles are acting all of that stuff. So three days later. I mean, I am like half passing out most of the time I'm just feeling horrible called up that same guy that got me hooked up for the tests And he said I would really like you to go to emergency either call 9-1-1 or just go to emergency And so I did and as they're doing all of my vitals and getting that initial EKG He was saying that he saw some of those downbeats, which they didn't see on the first EKG and So again, I'm just flipped out.  Well, they hadn't set the monitor the right way So finally when they did that they got it all situated and they could watch because it was so much more prominent this time as far as the downbeats before I was just having occasional downbeats, but this time I'm having You know them be in there like I don't know like 15 to 20 per minute I'm having a downbeat where the heart the the signal isn't going right So they decide they're going to do my stress test right that day They inject nuclear dye into your veins and they go you go through like a CAT scan machine And you get the arteries tested for calcium or clogs or you know any buildup of plaque or anything like that that came back Normal completely normal 100% He said yours was better than mine and this is a 40 year old doctor telling me yours is better than mine was and So I'm she's being very distracting, you know, I don't want to freak out at this point because I know I've got heart damage They've already told me that and they've already told me that I have the PVC's which is an irregular heartbeat But all of the tests haven't come back yet except for the one So then they put me on a monitor, which I had to wear overnight To tell how many of the downbeats I had and then they did the echocardiogram The echocardiogram was showing everything. He's he called it pristine my my heart's in pristine condition except for the one part that's damaged, which is the signal part at the bottom where all of the nerves come together at the bottom and So yeah, everything was good Even the heart monitor that showed I had a few PVC's wasn't anything that was terribly LARMING for them because there just wasn't more than what they normally see in people that are you know got a little bit of heart damage So long story short actually long story long I Basically am going to have to live with the palpitations and the blacking out Nobody seems to know anything they he said that he actually my cardiologist called one of the foremost cardiologists on the East Coast that what he used to be a colleague of and he you know gave him all of my tests results and Had him look at them all and he couldn't figure out either. I'm basically a very healthy 52-year-old woman that is in menopause, but I am passing out and it's not anything to do with blood sugar It's not anything to do with my liver my kidneys Anything they did every test they could think of at that point and there was nothing at all And so the doctors are stumped. I'm stumped I'm just gonna have to live with the fact that my heart beats out of my chest at times a lot and That I get really swirly the other thing that it does and that's really why I came on here more than anything It's to talk about how exhausted I am for some reason. I am absolutely exhausted now that could be nerves I have chronic panic disorder I you know, I can't even get in the shower without my husband being here because I will get a panic attack in the shower It's just who I am. I have been through four nervous breakdowns complete total nervous breakdowns I've had to be hospitalized that many times for it And so I live with those kinds of things you guys that have been here with me You know that my handshake that's part of my nervous disorder It's also a part of my DNA my dad has that to to an extent He never had it quite as bad as I do But it is just a disability that I've lived with and now this is just a disability that I've got to get used to too So as I talk about this this particular video I probably won't get to every comment and I do apologize But please note that I read everyone especially if you get a little heart next to your name or next to your comment I definitely read them. I appreciate them. I'm so blessed to have so many friends and We are almost at 50,000 and you know my channel for the past six months has taken a nosedive In views and in subscribers. I was getting about a thousand subscribers per month and last month I got under 200 so I don't know what's going on with my channel I'm putting out the same exact content and I'm trying to improve my content game and I've always Uploaded weekly never, you know skipped times, but you know YouTube's crazy their algorithm. Who knows?  What at whatsoever and I've accepted that at this point I've been on YouTube. This is going on almost six years now So some of the women that joined at the same time as I did are Stephanie Marie and Risa and Lisa and they all have you know almost 200,000 subscribers I don't know what I did wrong and I just am thankful that I'm where I'm at But at the same time I know that it's a little bit different after you hit 50 4550 and you don't you know I don't I'm not able to get fillers. I'm not perfect. I don't have I don't have the perfect voice All of those things that play into you having a very successful YouTube channel but I feel like I'm a success because of you guys and That's not gonna stop me.  I know it has I know that you've all been through it I mean it has been a year. It's just really been a year So I'm ready for it to go bye-bye and I think that most of us are it's just one of those things Have you any of you seen the commercial yet for match.com aware the devil hooks up with 2020 and it's talking about them being I'm the perfect match for each other. Yeah, I think they're I think they got that one right It's pretty funny. If you haven't seen it yet, maybe Google it. That's everything I just want to tell you how much I love you and I appreciate you and how valuable you are to me I know that I wouldn't be at 50,000 if it wasn't for you all and I'm so thankful that you're here with me And I can't tell you enough what kind of a brightness you bring into my life, and I love each and every one of you Thank you again. I will see you in my next video. Take care of yourselves. Please stay safe and I will talk to you very soon Bye-bye friends


In this video, we're going to ask, what is temperature? Now, we all know what temperature is from everyday experience. We know that when you're lying on a tropical beach, there's lots of temperature. It's very hot, and sometimes it's not so hot. But what actually is this? Philosophers and scientists have debated this for over a thousand years. For a long time, they believed there was some sort of mysterious substance, which was called calorific, or something like that. And when there was lots of this invisible fluid in something, it was a hot something, and when lots of this invisible fluid had gone away, it was a cold something. But no one had ever seen this fluid. It seemed a bit strange. And in the end, when it was discovered that matter was made out of atoms, an easier explanation came to mind. Let us zoom in at the atoms, let's say, in the back of your hand. In the computer graphic simulation, I've shown the atoms as blue spheres, and the chemical bonds between them as orange springs. Now, chemical bonds are not, of course, orange springs, but they do actually behave a lot like springs, so this gives us a fair picture of what things look like on the atomic scales. And what you can see is the atoms in the back of your hand, or in your desk, or in your computer monitor are not stationary. They are moving around at random. Some are moving up, some down, some forwards, and some backwards. And this is what we now think temperature is. The faster the atoms are moving, the higher the temperature. So let's say we take your hand and we plug it into liquid nitrogen. Don't try this at home. Then it will be much colder. The atoms will still be jiggling about, but as you can see in the simulation, they're jiggling about very slowly. You'd have trouble even noticing. If, on the other hand, we take your hand and put it into boiling water. Again, don't try this at home. The atoms will now be moving like crazy, jiggling all over the place, up, down, left, right, in and out. And that's what high temperature looks like. That's in a solid where there are chemical bonds between everything. If we look at a gas, like the air that you're currently breathing, this is what it's doing. The air molecules are bouncing around, up, down, left, right, bouncing off each other all the time. In this particular simulation we've put a small number of air molecules inside a box and we've coloured one of them in yellow, and the yellow one is leaving a trail behind it. And this shows you the sort of path that the molecules are doing. They're bouncing around, constantly colliding with other things, changing their speed and direction. That'd be hot gas. If it was very, very cold gas, it would look more like this very slow and very sedate. Now this actually means that really there is no such thing as temperature and heat. Temperature and heat is just the words we use to describe random motions of large numbers of atoms. We could dispense of them and just calculate the motion of every atom if we liked. We could take each atom and calculate all the forces acting on it and the accelerations as it moves around. And then if we had a really good supercomputer, we could do it for all the atoms. Then we'd have no need of the concept of temperature. Unfortunately, even the head of a pin has more than a billion billion atoms in it, which is well beyond the capacity of the world's fastest supercomputers to simulate. So in practice, calculate where every atom goes. People can do it if they're trying to study, for example, a molecular cluster or maybe even a very small protein, but for anything realistic you can't do it. So how do you calculate situations when you just have so many atoms you can't follow them all one at a time?