Thank you for joining the virtual Central Bank of the Future Conference. Our program will begin shortly. In the meantime, we have a short video to kick things off before our main sessions today. Having a central bank wasn't always the most politically popular idea. But now, most countries have central banks to conduct monetary policy, to regulate payment systems, and with other regulators to oversee that country's private financial institutions. Central banks should look at the big picture to make sure that the economy is working nationwide for everyone. But we know that many people, especially low-income people, women, immigrants, are being left out. This isn't just a social issue, it's an economic one. For a country to stay financially healthy, we need widespread participation across all sectors. Central banks are well positioned to advance financial inclusion, to help ensure a robust economy. Some banks, in fact, have already begun to take on this role. For example, the Reserve Bank of India has combined regulation and financial technology to promote financial inclusion. With their Aadhaar system, citizens can open an account with just a fingerprint. From there, biometric identification can be used as identification for state-provided services and financial transactions. Or look at Mexico, which is using fintech to move towards a more secure and accessible cash-free national payment system. And in Ghana, the central bank there has prioritized mobile banking as a way to reach populations without access to physical bank branches. As more and more countries work to improve financial inclusion, it becomes more important to understand what financial inclusion really means, and why people can't get access to the services they need. Join us for a series of conversations around the future of central banking. With the IMF, the World Bank, SEGA, the Financial Health Network, and central bankers from around the world. Hello and welcome. On behalf of the University of Michigan's Center on Finance, Law, and Policy, and our co-hosts at the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, welcome to the second Central Bank of the Future Conference. My name is Michael Barr, and I am the Joan and Sanford Wildein of the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan, as well as the faculty director of the Center on Finance, Law, and Policy. Thank you for being here with us today. Our theme for this year's conference is building a financial system for a more inclusive economy. Before I get into the details of the conference, I want to provide you some context for how this conference fits into the larger central bank of the Future Research Project. My co-lead on this project, Professor of Practice Adrian Harris of the University of Michigan's Ford School of Public Policy and I have been working on this project in partnership with the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for about two years. At the highest level, the goal of the research project is for us to identify specific ways that central banks could evolve to make our economy work better for all of us, especially for the poor and most marginalized in our societies. As we look at how central banks can better foster financial inclusion, we define that as having access to affordable, safe financial services and products that meet their needs, regardless of their gender, income, socioeconomic status, race, ability, or nationality. The goal is for finance to serve households, businesses, and the economy for inclusive growth. More specifically, we're examining some of the technologies, policies, practices, and programs happening all around the world that foster financial inclusion. Building on research done by CGAP, the World Bank, the IMF, ASPIN, the BIS, and dozens of financial regulators, fintechs, and think tanks from around the world, we're looking at innovations in both developing and advanced economies. We're surveying financial inclusion mandates where those exist to look for patterns. We're conducting case studies. Throughout this conference, you'll hear about initiatives undertaken, for example, by the Reserve Bank of India, the Monetary Authority of Singapore, the People's Bank of China, the Central Bank of Kenya, and so many others. And for the last two years, we've convened small group discussions of regulators, fintech leaders, bankers, policymakers, and other stakeholders so that we can understand how new technologies work and don't work to fostering financial inclusion. From digital IDs to mobile banking to innovations in payments and beyond. What experiments are underway around the world and what early results show? Next, we're looking at what's actionable. The project explores the three traditional pillars of the Central Bank mandate, setting monetary policy, overseeing financial institutions, and in most countries, facilitating payment systems. And we're asking whether those mandates should be expanded or refined to specifically include financial inclusion. We're exploring how central banks can make the economy work for everyone by infusing financial inclusion into their work, by facilitating real, safe, real-time payments, altering the structure of how banks and non-banks are regulated, investing in fintech solutions, and thinking inclusively when conducting monetary policy. Needless to say, this is a wildly ambitious project, particularly because there is no one answer for what will work for all central banks around the world. Economic and political context matters a great deal. Infrastructure, the ability to create infrastructure matters. Individual countries' culture and history and traditions matter. Increasingly, the effects of climate change matter. In doing this work with you, we hope to disrupt the current economic trajectory of increasing wealth and economic inequality and to help the most marginalized in our societies by providing some paths forward for central banks to consider how to advance economic inclusion. So what have we learned thus far? Throughout the course of the project, we've learned about new technologies being deployed around the world. We find promise, for example, in emerging identity verification and AML KYC systems. We've seen a wide variety of innovative advances in payment systems, open banking using APIs and interoperability, and mobile apps that permit seamless integration of finance. We're exploring whether properly designed digital currencies and distributed ledger technology could be deployed to help financial inclusion, and we're also studying the risks from many of those such approaches. We've learned that we can develop a financial system with lower costs, increased functionality, and better access. We have relearned something we already knew, which is that our financial system is built on trust, and that technology is not a substitute for trust. Privacy, consent, and strong consumer protections are essential as well. We've also relearned the lesson through the COVID-19 pandemic that the most disadvantaged among us, including low-income workers, racial minorities, mom-and-pop business owners, who bear the burden of a financial system not well designed to serve them. For example, in the U.S., a disproportionate number of the small businesses that suffered the most were minority-owned businesses that couldn't get access to credit, that didn't have a pre-existing lending relationship with a big bank. Many households couldn't even receive relief payments in a timely way, or even at all, because they were unbanked or had difficulties signing up. Seeing the disproportionate impact of this pandemic on those who can least afford it only makes our work all the more urgent. From planning this conference, we're reminded that something as simple as time zones can be an impediment to good communication across borders. Here, I must specifically thank the many speakers who joined panel prep calls or recorded or are conducting live sessions for this event early in the morning or late at night in their own time zone to make this work for all of you and all of us who are watching and participating in this event. Fortunately, we have an outstanding lineup of 45 speakers over the course of the next three days who will be appearing here on the virtual stage or leading interactive breakout sessions in the Engagement Hub to help offer new ideas that we can take back to our own communities. You will hear about efforts undertaken to mitigate the financial consequences of COVID-19 from Governor Patrick Jiroge of the Central Bank of Kenya, from Deputy Governor Fernanda Neckio from the Central Bank of Brazil, and from Sir Paul Tucker of the Systemic Risk Council, formerly of the Bank of England. You will hear from San Francisco Fed President, Mary Daly, and head of Supervision, Tracy Bassenger, about the San Francisco Fed's efforts to increase financial inclusion into their work. Daniel Gorfine will offer a primer about how Central Bank digital currencies work, followed later by a deep dive on Central Bank digital currencies in a panel discussion, and a fascinating discussion of China's new digital RMB efforts with Mu Chengcheng of the People's Bank of China. Many of our speakers have ideas for how we might better integrate technology into regulation and supervision. And you will hear a lot about data, how to better capture, store, organize, and disseminate it to safeguard consumer rights, to offer credit to the smallest of our small businesses, and to reach out to those who do not have an internet connection or government identification, but still need financial services. This includes a keynote address from her accidentally Che Onsure of the National Bank of Cambodia that will discuss digital currency, data, and cybersecurity. While I'm the one appearing before you today, the Central Bank of the Future project has benefited from the efforts of many people. First, I would like to thank my partner on this project, Adrian Harris, a true leader in the field. Adrian and I have benefited immensely from our collaboration with Chris Calabia and Michael Wiegand of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The Gates Foundation has provided financial support for the project, and more importantly, Chris in particular and the whole team at Gates have approached this project as a true partnership, acting as thought partners making introductions and sharing research and advice with us. Thank you. We have been aided in our work by a small team of research assistants and consultants from the University of Michigan's Center on Finance Law and Policy who have helped refine our thinking throughout this research project and to commit some of our early learnings to paper. Let me thank Lev Menand, Patty Cow, Daniel Gerstein-Rice, Mandira Sarma, Ryan Bernard, Brian Ricketts, Office on Asnilev, Emma McFarlane, Karen Thrasher, Megan Kelly, Will Meiser, and Jay Campbell. We are also grateful to the guest authors who have contributed to our What If? blog series, which is posted on our website. It takes a large team of people to put together an event like this. We're tremendously grateful to the San Francisco Fed for their partnership with us over this long last year working to make sure all of this happened. I want to say a particular thank you from the San Francisco Fed to Caitlyn Azaro, Anna DeSousa, Lionel Magino, and Shelly Luke. From the University's Ford School of Public Policy, let me thank Chris Myers, Liz Smith, and Kelly Brown. From the Center on Finance Law and Policy, Tracy Van Dusen, Christy Baer, and research assistant Ashton Smith. Ashton has been the technical producer for the prerecorded segments of this conference and all of the tech rehearsals, and he's behind the camera now. Thank you all for this incredible teamwork that it was required to make this conference possible. We expect that our audience today will include central bankers from at least 22 countries, along with every U.S. Regional Federal Reserve Bank and many other financial regulators from the United States and all over the world. We'll also be joined by people for many state and municipal government organizations, fintechs, banks, think tanks, law firms, and a wide variety of financial institutions. And we have researchers and scholars from universities all over the world. If you registered in advance, you're likely watching this from the engagement hub using the personalized link that was emailed to you. Please note that you will need to reenter your verification link each day. You can also use that same link to attend one of the interactive breakout sessions that follow the live stream portion of each day, and download speaker papers and videos. If you did not register in advance and you're watching via YouTube, welcome. Today's conference will be streamed on YouTube in its entirety on the Ford School of Public Policy's channel. Tomorrow you will go to the same channel to watch via a separate link. The YouTube links for all three days are listed on the Center on Finance Law and Policies website, financelawpolicy.umich.edu. Now I'm delighted to introduce you to our first keynote speaker, Dr. Claire Nelson of the Futures Forum. Dr. Nelson is an engineer, a storyteller, and a futurist. She is the chief ideation leader of the Futures Forum, a research and education practice specializing in bringing the power of strategic forethought and the discipline of sustainable engineering to challenges facing organizations and communities. Named by Forbes as one of the top 50 female futurists, she is editor at large of the World Futures Studies Federation's Human Futures Magazine. Before establishing the Futures Forum, Dr. Nelson held a variety of positions at the Inter-American Development Bank over a distinguished 30-year career. Originally from Jamaica, she holds a bachelor and master's degree in industrial engineering from University of Buffalo and Purdue University, respectively. She received her doctorate in engineering management from the George Washington University. Dr. Nelson has received numerous awards for her leadership and in 2012 was honored by President Obama as a White House champion of change. I'm excited now to turn this over to Dr. Claire Nelson. Forward in this generation triumphantly won't you help to sing these songs of freedom for all I ever heard redemption song the immortal words of Bob Marley and in that I express the idea first of that at some point in time we humans were also considered goods and chatter to be sold in this business of making money money money money money what is it that makes money I truly admit that I am not essential banker you ever heard my background indeed I consider it a cosmic joke that I should be asked to open this conversation but I am an advocate for development equity and therefore your topic about moving the groove towards creating financial inclusion and a role of the central bank in that is near and dear to my heart imagine with me if you will 2030 and in that 2030 which is the year pull here for the sustainable government goals a headline could read that smart cars collide with dumb drivers in traffic snuffle because the collider's avoidance system has failed to prevent a pile up because just enough solar flare and a glitch in the GPS which caused a cascading wink out of the cars radars or perhaps you might imagine another headline in which the risk insurance facility for small island states declares that there's new standards for financial accounting because of the rising cost of insurance globally or into severe weather events the international accounting board and international reporting standard system in partnership with alliance for small island states have created new standards for small island relevant states with financial reporting for disaster recovery I started these two headlines to just make note of the fact that we have to begin to think about and I'm glad you're gathering to think about how might we explore a new future for the central bank I must say that my first awareness of the central bank as a space of power was when I as a student at Buffalo University experienced the first Jamaican dollar devaluation back in the early 1980s you see back in the day when Jamaica still was indexed a pound we had strong money right and that money enabled us to borrow money almost on par with the US dollar so I left Jamaica to come to college with four thousand dollars Jamaican equal to almost four thousand or four point two thousand dollars US pounds and was confident that for the next three years I'd be able to go to school low and behold in my third second year which is my actual junior year I arrived to school go to the suit um go to the financial office and I'm told but you don't have enough money to come to school I'm like what but four thousand dollars was supposed to be sent it says yes well we all want to receive two thousand um something dollars my world came crashing down I knew what then what people in Jamaican other countries around the world face day-to-day that what a dollar could buy yesterday it could not buy today as I sat there hurt angry distressed bewildered wondering what I would do to pay my school fees I called to memory simply because I want to begin this conversation with the knowingness and with you understanding the pain that the average person in developing country feels whatever our dollar is devalued so why are we here we're here because we want again more clarity as to how we take central banks might might help to create a more flourishing future how we're here to move away from our assigned purge of superiority if you will in these next 72 hours this idea of certainty and the centrality of the current standards and look at how we might move to the fringes to explore what could be different so that we might begin to tell a new story we need to tell a new story because as we look at where we have become because of COVID in this volatile uncertain complex ambiguous world we look at the future and we recognize that there's time for a reset we're being called to make a reset we're being called to tell a new story and to craft that story together so how might we recreate the story we are in the fourth industrial revolution and don't have much time to go over that but we all know we're in the fourth industrial revolution and it's fusion of AI and robotics and internet of things and 3d printing and genetic engineering and quantum computing big data machine learning we're actually now even more so because of the fact that we're having this conference probably for the first time or virtually in the state of future shock the future is now we are here so are you ready are the institutions that govern or global uh human security architecture ready because the more I thought about it is I recognize oh my god we cannot do anything about the sustainable movement goes if the central banks are not on the table everything you do every move you make makes a difference under every other goal you talk about sustainable goals 16 on partnerships you are there clearly a lot of your focus has been the one on financial inclusion but beyond that we cannot separate financial inclusion from issues of poverty and access to food and access to education and access to water wherever it is money is you are like the air we breathe you govern what we do you govern what we experience and this is the first thing that I want to make sure the great challenge of our time is to ensure that we create these financial systems and economies that accommodate the demands of resources while maintaining a living planetary ecosystem and a safe just place of humanity again a planetary planetary ecosystem and I say that because I have asked economists at my institution the IDB questions like how is it that we're using the same theories when in fact the systems have changed and economics of our forefathers no longer hold why is it we're using these same things and they said they laugh me off quite frankly oh the rules will still hold I don't know how that is but I am saying that the fourth industrial revolution with its quantum computing means that we have to think about new ways of recognizing peril and risk there are going to be new needs for new plans for regulations that ensure our security regulations that ensure that increasing under employment because of the move to air and robotics don't create greater distance between the haves and the have nots and therefore create more security and human security risk I like to use my concept of human security based on the idea of saying that says development is freedom freedom from fear and freedom from want unfortunately most of the world's people do not yet experience that freedom when we think about the post-covid evolution of the workplace we recognize that remote work for those of us were privileged to work with quote unquote good desktops and we become more common and robots and automation will even begin to take away some of the low-end jobs in countries in Europe and and in the US and Canada as we look towards more social distancing and creating more jobs for robots to do the unsafe work the unclean work right what then becomes to those at the bottom of the pyramid that they are now considered essential workers what choices will we make as governments and advisors to governments which central bank people often are I don't think the average person most countries recognize the power of the central bank so it's all always on the MP the minister of finance when in fact many times the hands of the minister of finance are tied not just by the central bank but in fact the central bank of many countries are tied by the central bank of central banks so perhaps my conversation is not just to those of you who might be listening where central bankers in developing countries were or even people in the federal reserve banks of united states of America at the state level where some states still exhibit the poverty rates because of inequality equal to those in developing countries think about this in the central bank of central banks where I'm in Washington DC a lot of rules are made that do not I believe take into account the pain and suffering of people who fear the day-to-day impact of the continual devaluation yes Jamaica has been doing well and we have had our our interest rate and our inflation rate to whatever is required by the IMF but what about the ability to put a chicken in every pot my god where are we why are we using equations that no longer that do not measure well-being and do not take into account the fact that there's no social system and so people remain on the fringes and the margins of hunger so here we are in this post-covid world the volatile uncertain complex ambiguous world the virus unhinged complex an anagram if you will analog world unhinged by the coveted me are we ready now to accept that the volatility is the new normal I hope we are are we a central banker's structure to deal with this new world reality do you understand what will be expected of your industry 10 years from now but get ten years from now five years from now do you understand and have you thought about what new partnerships do you need to make in order to mitigate against the increase in risks and to bear resistance we know what the mega trends are we've talked about them the flow to global accelerating technology accelerating connectedness in the future we're talking about a smartphone in every hand the smartphone which is more powerful than the computers that put the man on the moon so in 23rd year we're talking about probably the average person on in 15 connected devices this is the world in which you are now operating as partly bake or put together the ingredients we're talking about moving from the era of big data of the zetabyte the zeta zone and people are saying that the zone is being moving even faster into the other zone we're talking about who came to the 24 zeros amount of data and this is the world in which we want to create a safe just space for all a future of well-being a sustainable economy a moral economy a more prosperous economy a more equal economy and a more cohesive society it all comes down to what we believe do we believe the litany that what has been should continue to be i would hope not do we understand that we have an opportunity now to rethink the systems the system that have created the inequality in the first place the system that made it that someone that looked like me could have been enslaved 400 years ago the system that retains the rules and algorithms and the equations that no longer hold in a quantum mechanic universe the interest of the future the industries of the future bio factories electric cars smart cities give us room to rethink if these equations that we've been using really matter give us room to rethink are we measuring actually the impact of waste in our society do our equations that determine the financial models and algorithms that drive interest rates setting also measure what really matters my vision is that we all move towards a smart future and i'm using the word smart with great liberation because we all carry a smartphone so if we can only move towards a smart future meaning that we have asked the question how might we create sustainable systems how might we recognize as leaders that we are dealing with complex system of systems and begin to become better system thinkers turn off the norm of the economists being separate from society and holding themselves apart and put yourself a moment into the shoes into the feeling of a mother who is getting below a minimum wage and has to take care of children how can we create moral metrics metrics that have meaning that matter how can we create agility and ability and anticipatory agency how can we create robust resilience how can we create and move towards transformative use of technology as i wrap up let me say that we have to see yourself as central bankers as minding the development effectiveness gap the future of central banking will have more complexity will have more regulations but we need more individual differentiation we must ensure that we pay attention to the emerging problem space and it meets the teleological effectiveness of the emerging set up solution space i'd like to close by saying but molly's song one love one heart became the words anthem because it is the call towards a new thinking and i like to say i love capital that allows us to create a future of well-being from all a flourishing future i invite you them to believe and vision and know that you can and you must as central bankers be a part of co-creating the flourishing futures we want remember the future is embedded in the landscape of the present and the future favors the bold so go out and seize the day and face the future with faith one love one heart let's get together and be all right one love i wish you blessings as you begin your journey to creating the future we want


Hi, I'm Nicky Clark, and I'm here today with my model Josie to demonstrate the desired straightener. I'm asked all the time, how do I get smooth, shiny hair, but I don't want to have flat hair? Now, this is a really quick way of using the desired straightener to get lots of bouncy hair. I'm going to use my desired straightener, smooth it through, and while that's still warm, I'm going to pop in the self-grip roller. We're getting that smoothness, but we're also going to keep our body. It's actually such a simple technique, and yet it looks very, very professional at the end of it.


Mae'n gweithio gan un ffotbol. Un ffotbol efallai maen nhw'n gweithio'n meddwl i'r gwaith i'r ddylu gyda ni'n sicrau uchwyn, gweithio, ac statio, y blaen i'r un gweithio. Gweithio'r un ffotbol efallai, regonwch y link yn y ddysgrifenni, ac ry'n dweud ymddiol. Rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio, gydwch i chi i ni i gweithio. Lleol Messii'r gweithio ar y cyllid 400. Ffifth bes bwysig yn y gweld. Ffifth bes bwysig yn y gweld. Mae'n bwysig o'r panod, oes? Gwoch yn ymryd. Mae'n gweithio'r ffwrdd. Rwy'n dechrau'n ffwrdd yr oedd ffwrdd. Ond oes yn ymryd, mae'n bwysig o'r 5. Mae'r lleid o'n ymwysig o'r 2 ddechrau'n bwysig. Yn gweithio, mae'n arddangos o'r pwysig. Rwy'n bwysig o 5, ond ymryd yn ymryd diwrsaeth i'r trafodaeth. Felly mae'n bwysig o'r pwysig o'r pwyll. ond mae o ran a'n cael eu geser. Felly gallwch yn eich panwysfyrdd. Rhaid o'n meddwl mae'n ei wneud unnecessary a gyda swydd ac mae o'n meddwl o ran o'r iawn iawn i gwaith y lle. Rhaid o'n meddwl o'n meddwl i'r pwyrddau yn pe gwirthod a'r gwirthod.  A'r tyf urge, rydw i'n meddwl o ddod yn dda, I don't see anybody taking his place. I mean someone will have to take his place. I was just going to say that when you look at this conversation over a weekend about the next level of player, the next like player that I'm from it.  There's only one, I see, in backhand. But he's the only one that... But he's not even the same. He's like, he reminds me of Terry Henry, killing him back by fast French, obviously. But we'll score goals but not messy over an Aldo level. There's some great players that don't get me wrong. Hazard's a great footballer. Mo Salas a good goalscorer.  But in terms of Wales, like Clasdar, a neim a'r probably the next level of iron. Lluwysio'r edd being brilliant for us coming to Wales. Yeah, yeah. I mean he's probably gone already. Yeah, well they're looking at people. I mean already, I'm just going to say, Barclown apparently did want to sign a strike here this month. And on this short list there's Alvaro Marathe. O'r log atletic home on the day of the morning. Olivier Girou, Ffannandau Gyrentaw. Chyturitaw. Is he one of the Chyturitans dywan ni? On that, Nias. Flig off. Nias, everyone's Nias. Then Nias isn't Ann Pérez at Westlamp. Yeah, cos I'm in the local. Lluwys Pérez, so di just want it. Oh, Matt! Get Sandra back! Oh, my word. The kid that can't even get in. The kid that's staring you in the face. Get him back. Get him back. Get Sandra back. You can have him for 10 million. Yeah, I've done a job done. No, I struggle. I mean, who were the... So... Play the year was... Modritch. Modritch. Now the second. The second, I think, yeah. Griezmann. Griezmann. The thing was to be done this year. Yeah, and then back by forth. Maybe and back by. I don't know.  Where's the one? Where's the one? Where's the one? He was involved in 66 goals within that year. He scored 40 and created it for any other. To nonsense. To nonsense. But I look at that and I look at... I know what the biggest reference point is. We've just come out of a well cup. Yeah. And I look at the well cup and I just think... Who are the plays in the middle? And who are the plays behind them? Modritch can play. Modritch probably decides to play. Maybe. I still think he did enough. I don't think he's better than this. But he won't show if he's in the little bed. He needs a haircut. It's the biggest thing. Right, Gail. But... Tilsley? Yeah. But I look at... He's there, Ronaldo's there. And then the ones behind them. You've just mentioned. You've got the Hazards. And you've got your Griezmann. And then you've got Neymar. A little bit lower than age wise. And you've got Pogbae. If he sorted himself out. It could be anything he wanted. And then I suppose coming at the bottom. He's in Bapau. 20 years of age. Lachman. Oh, nurse. And you just look at that and go, but where is that like really brilliant technical player? Where are they? Where are they in the Premier League? Where are they in Spain? Where are they in Italy? Where are they in France? Well, yeah. I mean, the best of the South America was... You know, we used to see in the Copper of Menachir. The Copper. Liberty of the Doris. If you look at... Why? Is it just simply because he's amazing? Or is football, is it the European influence too much in order to evolve them? I will or... We've said this loads of times and I apologise for repeating ourselves. But I look at the players from 1998 to 2006. And I look at that crop of players and they think, what a crop of players that was that we had and maybe it's a generational thing. And I always thought, we've said this loads of times, didn't I have it? The scoping three on three. And I've seen it for enough. I've seen a little poster of that the other day. You know, looking at it. How old would that be? 15 years. It was 2004. It was 15 years this year. 15 years this year. And you look at the players and you just... I don't know. Maybe it is a generational thing. Maybe I don't play enough FIFA or Championship Manager or things like that or I'm not hooked on every name. But I just... I don't see them. You're not getting that information anyway. Informations are our fingertips. It's everywhere. We watch more footage than a lot of people because we have to as well. Those players, I can tell you, lots of good players in Germany and France and Italy but they're not the same level of player.


Good morning so I Wanted to take you guys through my morning routine like Right when I wake up because the way that you wake up in the morning like The first things you do Are what's going to? set your day up and These are things that I do Every single day. Let me turn my noise machine off real quick Any of you guys have a noise machine if you don't really suggest it This is my little guy right here This one is a little black one. It has them like 20 different sounds I think so the first thing I do is Is get my phone and I record everything I can remember about my dreams, so before they kind of escape So I go into The voicemail as you can see I have a lot recorded there and I just talk into it Let me do that real quick, and I'll check back in so once I do that And what I'll do is I'll actually go. I think I talked about this in my dreams video. I'll link it below And good morning sassy. I love kitty And then what I'll do is tonight before I go to bed I will go through the voice recording and write it in my dream journal which I have right here And then it's easier to interpret that way because like, you know, you lose your dreams so quickly Throughout the day and that allows you to kind of Interpret it better and then I smile so It's easier because I'm recording right now, but sometimes I'm just like And Smiling like right when you start your day is just It's just so key like it just changes the chemical. Sorry about that. I Right out of memory card space so Just want to get a good deep smile and Then I think about everything that happened in the last day is so bright out It snowed last night Um So then I go over everything that happened the last day and I thank God for three things So three things I'm grateful for that happened. So for my day yesterday Did I do and like sometimes they're like big things sometimes they're small things so Yesterday like thank you so much God for protecting me while I was on the road driving around for work thank you God for you know, even though my brothers have COVID right now, thank you for keeping them safe and alive and okay and I'm feeling very grateful for my bed this morning. So thank you God for giving me a warm comfy bed to sleep in Okay, so that is the like fourth step I do. Good morning She's like what's going on out there with snow and then I repeat like a very similar mantra when I wake up in the morning and when I When I go to bed at night And I say I you can either say like timeline or reality. I Say I am in my best reality where I am happy Healthy, I am connected with the divine abundance and have money coming to me in unexpected ways Every day I am happily in love in a loving committed fulfilling relationship And then at night I say the same thing, but I say I Intend to wake up in my best reality and then I go through and say the same thing I do mix it up, but though it's like kind of like the basis of what I say and Yeah, so that's kind of what I do while I'm still in bed Sometimes I'll stretch a little bit. Sometimes I like to look outside because I have this The skylight right above my bed So I'll show you guys How beautiful look at that the first snowfall of the year And then depending on so at this point like I already feel like Like positive going into the day sometimes I'll say, you know, thank you in advance for Divinely guiding me throughout my day And then I also will do I'll go through my day ahead and say, you know, thank you for everything You know, thank you so much for this wonderful workout. I'm going to have thank you guys so much for You know, all of my appointments going well today. Thank you so much for you know, the loving You know in fun times I'm going to have with my roommates and my friends later today And I just go through like each thing throughout my day and thank God or the universe creator Whatever I'm in advance for having a great day.   I still have my like Less positive and more like down days. This is just like a really great way to start your day and like I Just come out here like look how beautiful this is. You know what? So I hope you guys enjoyed this video I highly suggest like taking one thing on a Time or something that just feels right, you know for you I would say that out of all those all those things if I recommend one thing It would be thanking in advance for everything that's going to happen throughout the rest of your day That's been the biggest game changer for me, but I'm telling you guys set your morning upright It only takes 10 minutes and it's just totally worth it And I promise it will just transform your life if you like this video Please don't forget to subscribe and like so we can hang out again next week I love you guys so much and don't forget be limousely yourself


Hey there YouTube, I got a little thing coming through the poster there, let's see, now this is a buck converter and at the same time it's a boost converter, okay, and I thought I'd give it a go, now I've seen them on eBay between £9 and £10 these, but I opted for the one with this, I'm not going to turn it over to show you just at the minute, but underneath here is a aluminium slab heat sink, not this, I'll just put it on top of this, just forget about this, but here you can see there's a heat sink, and it works out well, I've not, a few minutes ago I had it up on 12 volts, I was drawing 61.2 watts basically, and it wasn't really getting warm, and there was a little bit of heat off the inductor, it was a little bit warm, but not warm, not anything you'd be worried about or anything like that, but then I sort of messaged a sort of YouTube poll and talked about this, and said that by, because there's one volt, this is switched all the way down, I can't turn it down any further on this part, and it's around, you know, there's nearly a volt there, and depending on the load I suppose, I've got a very low voltage, this at the moment, this is set on what would be high beam, and it's around between 200 and 300 milliohms the resistance through it, so it's not a great deal, but look, less than a volt is 1.2 amps, and that equates to our 1.1 watts, which isn't a great deal, and you know, as you'd expect, it's got a 12 volt input by the way, I've just done the old PC power supply trick, I've just bypassed the sense switch, so it turns on, I've not done all the wires, I've just got 2 here, 12 volt, and then negative on my input, and on the input there I'll just connect to the display in the working side of, the reason why I put the resistors is I don't like these as bright as what they would be without the resistor, a little bit more bright and glaring, but I like these sort of dim, and I prefer these to the red to red ones as well, one because when you put more than 37 volts into it, it will just go blank and then come back, and two, and I think this is more important, it doesn't flash, like when I'm looking through it on the video, it doesn't flash, so yeah, quite likely I've ordered another one, I've killed the red one, and I'm not even going to bother trying to fix it to be fair, I only do like £2 to buy them, £2.11 is what I've paid for another one of these, I might buy another couple, anyway, I don't regret it, so yeah, this little thing, so I bought it, £11.29 it cost me an actual bit, look, hold on, you can see that good, yeah, and if I just get my keyboard, sorry, my keyboard's down here, in this drawer, and let me just, I've lost a bit on my keyboard to work it, so I'm going to have to just pull down on there, see there's the, that's the aluminium piece underneath, there's a heatsink, that's what's underneath when I've got the cheaper ones I've seen, don't actually have that there, on these, I don't know if they're MOSFETs or transistors, but on these H, this H bridge, they've got like a heatsink here and a heatsink here, just small ones, I opted for the bigger one on the back, come on, when it comes to this stuff, it's, you just want to dissipate as much heat as you possibly can, don't you, I mean that's why I've just like chucked it on here as well, because I didn't know how it was going to, how it was going to be at 12 volts for this, this type of load, because I'm sort of like, yeah, pushing it, apparently you can go 10 amps for this, but what, 10 amps at 30 volts, and that's like 300 watts, come on, really that's not going to dissipate that very well, and I don't care how good this is supposed to be, this little tiny heatsink, 300 watts, getting out of it, so, see and the reason why I decided to buy it was because as well, it's got, like I say, I mean okay with this load, that's not very good, you know, I mean you could turn your amplitudes down, and sort of like probably drop out, so look, I don't know, that's, that's all the way down, that's all the way down, you can hear it clicking, so with that load, that's here, I mean that's 1.2, like not 0.9 volts, but still, hmm, I mean you could drop that down a bit more, it'd be quite easy enough to stick a diode on here, but if you are going to be joining it, you have to be a big fat diode on there, I had one on the earlier just so I could drop it down, you know, sort of 400 millivolts, and that was about a 3 amp diode, it could have been a 5 amp diode, but that was not really going to be big enough, I do have a couple of blocking billiards that I had before I got my charger controller, my solar panel, I'll put one of those on there, that'll drop you down a bit of course, that will reduce this down as well, I don't know if I could try that, I'll have a look at that in a second, but yeah another good thing about it here, we've got a fuse, so if it blows the fuse in input perception, if you were going to charge a battery with it, you'd have to put a diode down here as well, just so, you know, when stop charging where the battery gets to the voltage, you know, start trying to push it voltage back, but this was going to be part of the power supply thing, like I said, what I like is, look, at the minute it's a buck converter, because we've got 12 volts going in, and we've got like, a nice little bulb coming out, there's a buck converter, and if I start turning it up, I'll have to turn the current up a little bit, it'll always end up being a bit of a voltage, it's got a good few turns, so you don't get restricted on that, here's constant current, constant voltage, so you can adjust it, and so if I start turning this up a little bit, and then we go on, it's going to get bright, so hopefully the camera will come and see, and it's going to 12 volts, and just see if we can still see, you know, it's having a good old time, like, light, isn't it? Yeah, let me just turn that down, I'm just going to, these wires are just pricking the holes by the way, it's a typical me, what I'm going to do is, I'm just going to find something, it's pulling away, like, light, so it's not somewhere on, oh, I know what I got, I'm going to be careful with this light, because I've had all the transistors in the back of this heatsink, I only use this as a pass transistor array, I suppose you'd say, in parallel, 3 of them in parallel, for a 0 to sort of 60 volt linear power supply, I'm going to put it like that, put it forward like that, it's only wobbly a bit, because of the elastic band, so let's go back here, I found my tool, this is a brilliant tool for turning these things, yeah, yeah, let's see, it's 12 volt, I put it on 12.8, I put it on 12.6, that's what my battery would be on mine, oh, charger, so there, that's new enough, 60 watts, that's more like 60 watts, I haven't got my calculator, but I'm guessing that's around about 60 watts, got 12.7, time 4.84, like I said, it doesn't really get too warm, and I don't think the bulb is going to be able to take much more, I don't think it might be able to, it should be able to take at least a couple more volts, just because if it was charging in the car, it'd probably go about 15 volts down to it, I don't know if you've got any current restrictions up here, we'll look at that, 15 volts, I don't know if you can see it right, I don't know if it'd be able to do that, I don't know if I'm going to find, no, it does show, it does say on the, no idea, that's, oh right, I see, yeah, this camera really weird to me out sometimes, so I'm going to sit again, see, that's not really hot at all, it's a little bit warm, yeah, of course you can feel it, it's putting some power through there, I've got this all the way over there, if I just pop it out there, okay, so I'm just going to quickly, my battery's all there, okay, thank you, so we've got 14.7 times 5.25 equals 77.175, see that, that's going to be good enough to see that, so, and I'm pretty sure it says, if you run it at like 80, because it's supposed to go to 130, but I can't, I can't take it, because I'll just break this bulb, oh, I think I can see smoke coming anyway, but that could be a little bit, I mean that is smoke, I'm just going to, I don't know if you can see, it could be the, it could be something stupid, the flux, it's sat on a flux can, so I'm just going to current limit this down, I don't know, it sounds like two amps or something, that's even dangerous, if I can, it wasn't touching before in the actual bulb, that's very, very warm, of course I'm not going to touch it at all, but that's my tin of flux, so I saw just a little, a little bit of, a little bit of smoke coming off that, that's not bad, I'm quite impressed with this power supply as well, it doesn't, I can see this is going to come in quite handy, and my other power supply as well, because I'm going to put these into the booster, I've got two of these boosters and both of them I've managed to get for free, and I'm going to tell you now that these fellows who sell them, I've messaged a load of them to ask them about their same boosters, of course now I can see the wire on it, but they're still trying to tell me you can adjust the current, and I've tried to tell them that the pins aren't even connected from the adjust potentiometer, but they're not listening, so this is my advice to anybody that listens to this, buy one, buy one, get it, complain that the adjust doesn't work, tell them that you're going to send it back, do a return, and they won't pay for the postage back, because it's as much as what it'll cost them, they're just going to cost them twice it'll cost them, for losing the product they'll cost them for the postage back, you get it for nothing, and it will teach them, because they want to change it, they want to tell it's non-adjustable, but they ain't listening, so you can get yourself a freebie, it may not be, I don't know, I don't think that's going to stop you from getting into heaven, I don't think that's what people are going to get judged for, to get judged, anyway, I would buy another one, but I have been asking, I've asked about six or seven of them, some of them get a little bit snotty when they say, just read the description, oh I didn't take it up in volts, yeah I did, yeah I did, yeah I did, but we can't really take it up too high with that load on, I can turn it back off, but I'll have to take this load off, and just show you that it can go up to like 30 volts, so it's like, this is the 12 volt input of course, look it's on 19 volts now, and use this one for turning it up on the voltage, let's see what we get fully out of that, this is the 12 volt input coming from this, so you've got 28.3 with no load, all right, there's no load on it, oh I've probably turned it up perhaps, I don't know, I can make a difference, now there's one here as well, this is voltage under voltage, and it's not to do with charging the batteries, I don't know, but look, see this, now I've turned the under voltage thing up a bit, and now this light error lights come on, I'm not fully understanding what this is all about, because that ones still are good, it's still happy with that little blue light, but with this little, it says error on this light, it's all that's all about, I don't know, but so if I turn that up, you know, it goes up, and then if I turn it all the way down, and see what I get till it clicks now, I don't think this one's a clicky one, okay, yeah so I'm not exactly sure what that's all about, so I can't tell you what that's all about, there's still one volt to there, like I said, if you put a diode on the output, I suppose you'd have to adjust it, you know what your load's gonna be, and then put a diode there, another likely meter, of course, after the diode, these would be connected to the out, the other side of the diode, so you get the measurement on that side of the diode, not this side, or else you'll have to compensate every time for the value of the voltage drop of the diode, yeah, it didn't get too warm at all, so you know, I don't know what it'd be like without the overheat sink, and to be fair, the satin here, it's gonna help as well, it may not be compressed to it, but there's, you know, this is like a cold surface, so let's take to that as far as it'll go, yeah, so at 0.5, right about a volt, that's what it says on the spec, is a volt, didn't really notice that, but I just wanted to see what it was like anyway, still see it can come in handy, quite a few things, got a constant voltage, constant current, and this is to do solar charging, but I won't use that, because I've already got the control for that sort of thing, yeah, not bad, it works, came through, it's not bad, works using this, to give it power, like so you go down the voltage, and you can go up the voltage on this, so it's a booster and, but convert the name of it and stuff, it'll be in the description, I'll put a link in the description for the one that I've got, because it's the cheapest one I could find, and for going after the bargains, you know, honestly I'll find them, even though, you know, if you look at this and go, that's £11.29, and neither one's really like just under a tenner, that's what some of them, not all of them, a lot more expensive, but they haven't got the big heatsink underneath, they've only got the two little ones here, and they are small, because when you see how small this unit is, and you look at the heatsinks on the thing, and they're sitting here, they're very small indeed, so they're not going to really, but they don't really get that warm, they bring that warm, you know, when we're pulling that amount of current 37 watts, power 37 watts, sorry, and it was sat on here, that wasn't getting the very warm one either, just get a little bit warm and warm, look at the fuse, pretty cool little fuse, I don't know if you can see that very well, because I can hardly see through the back of its camera, my eyes are shut, I need to get to the opticians. So here, so I suppose if you've just got like pretty much a dead short you can pull, you can pull it out, and let's see what happens, dead short at 0.8, 0.8, so that's another good thing as well, and so you can, you know, with a volt there, and you can short the output, and it doesn't just pop it or anything, because I just did that, I'll show you again, I hope you can see what this is, I've just been doing, so you can just short, that's a nice little feature isn't it, anyway, if, you know, this is not a bad little unit, yeah, as you saw it's got some, it's got some short circuit protection, there you can pull, just the way it is, quite happily draw 77 watts, without getting particularly warm at all, there's a little bit of warmth here, but nothing that you think, oh Jesus, you need bigger heatsink, nothing like that, you're quite happy to just leave a hand on there, just to add to this look, what I've done is I've put a couple of these diodes on, well, I'm on the right here, with this package marked correctly, these are 6A10s, and they should have a 0.62 millivolt voltage drop, 620 millivolt, I could have marked in the background, basically that's what it said on the bag there, that it could be marked up wrong, and now the difference now is if I, before I only got like a small load even, just shorting it out, there was, there was still voltage, and there was also, I'm really not being drawn, but the difference now, I've put those diodes on this, before I short that out, but we got nothing, and if I connect this load up again, this few hundred millio, this will show the same thing, it just drops to 0, so there you go, there's a way of getting 0, I don't know what it's doing, on the input side, power wise or anything like that, yet I've got to put a meter there, you can have a meter in and a meter out and see what the difference is and everything, but I think I'd like to have to take a meter out of the power supply that I'm always taking the transformer out of, or wait for another one to come through in a week or so, probably take the other power supply apart, but I just thought I'd add that little bit there, just to show you that if we do put a couple of those, I think they're about like six or seven ampoules of these diodes, they're my blocking diodes for, I think I must have been drunk because I owed way too many, and that's happened before when I've had a drink, I buy what I want and then forget that I bought them and buy them again from somewhere else, sorry, so yeah I just thought I'd add that, because it does a half a volt struts it down, maybe for a 10 up voltage, say 12 volts so I can see what happens in my way, for that short it down to five volts and four and a half amps, they don't trip out though, you can do anything, and it's a little blue light, it's the happy light, it's when the little red light comes on that's it's not happy for fire, it's just a gold foil, at the end of the day some of us are like, ah you're nutty, you're gonna blow it up though, this is how you find out maybe, it is gonna blow up, never know I've seen that, so we've got 27.4 now because we've got this, I've got it here too, it's no lag, I shouldn't have done more, let's see what happens now, it's shorted up, wow, so that actually drops it down lower, because remember when it was on 9 volt we've got four and a half volts at four and a half amps, but at 27.5, drops it all the way down to three volts, three amps, ha, amazing, and the fog lights on look, you see the red light, take that off, blue lights back again, blue light dims, red light comes on, not a problem on feet, of course that might be a problem, there you go, oh I reckon that's alright, I reckon that's gonna be useful, just gotta get these pots off and let's put wires in so I can put the ones on so I can put it inside the case, that's good, I'll get in this one, bye.


Ten people were killed and nine injured after a passenger ferry caught fire on March 30 in the seas off the southern Philippine province of Basilan, said the Coast Guard. Local media quoted the Coast Guard in southern Mindanao as saying 230 people were rescued in the fire that started in the air-conditioned cabins. The ferry has a capacity to carry up to 430 people. The Coast Guard said it will assist in an investigation and safety assessment, as well check for any signs of an oil spill. The Philippines, an archipelago of more than 7,600 islands, has a poor record for maritime safety, with vessels often overcrowded and many ageing ships still in use. In May, at least seven people died in a fire on a high-speed ferry carrying 134 passengers.


Hey guys, I'm Josh. I played poker professionally in Las Vegas for the last 10 years But I've recently decided to transition in a day trading So I just kind of wanted to tell you a little bit about that journey and how it's going first of all a little back story I moved to Las Vegas in the beginning of 2011 To pursue a dream of playing poker for a living and ever since I've been playing no limit Hold them cash here in town a few tournaments during the World Series of poker But mainly a mid-stakes no limit hold them 510 and 1020 games here in town But recently I've decided I want to transition into day trading and let me tell you to begin with it was pretty tough But I discovered M.I.C. And here's what I did. I jumped in the chat, you know, I watched the videos I learned the strategies, you know, I basically tried to soak up as much information as possible And after four months of trading full-time. I'm making money. I'm green. It's pretty cool And I definitely give all the credit to M.I.C. No doubt that I would still be struggling if it wasn't for M.I.C So if you're considering joining M.I.C, you know, and you're motivated to be a successful trader All the tools are there the strategies are there watch the videos learn the fundamentals learn the psychology talk to the moderators Who are successful big money traders and they're available 24-7 for you to message them They're there to help you be successful You know when you're playing poker you want to be around other successful poker players the same works in trading You want to be around successful traders in a community where everybody's like-minded and is working towards the same goal So if you join, you know, my name is Josh LFG in the chat. Feel free to send me a message We'll talk about poker. We'll talk about trading. We'll talk about all the good stuff. Hope to see you guys around


Hi there, I'm Jeb Spalding, I'm the Chancellor of the Vermont State Colleges System and I want to welcome you to Higher Education Matters. Monthly we record a new program and have it distributed across the state on various cable access channels. I want to thank Orca and Montpelier for helping us produce this show. It is intended to educate students, parents, grandparents, community members on opportunities and issues in higher education. In particular we focus on issues and opportunities within the Vermont State Colleges System and those would be Community College of Vermont, Castleton University, Northern Vermont University with campuses in Johnson and Linden and that's a transitional process from Johnson State College and Linden State College into an exciting new Northern Vermont University starting on July 1 and Vermont Technical College as well. We also invite guests that are not part of the Vermont State College System to talk about affordability or other higher education matters that people would be interested in. So I thank you for tuning in and today we have a very interesting program about something called Early College and Dual Enrollment. These are very creative, innovative programs in Vermont that allow high school students to earn college credit while they're in high school. Every high school student has an opportunity to take two college courses in their junior or senior year of high school and those are offered at all of our Vermont State Colleges. Community College of Vermont has 12 locations around the state, online capacity and then Johnson, Linden, Vermont Tech, Castleton all offer those programs as well as do many other independent colleges. So it's a great program for students. People are often talking about well it's expensive to go to college, how can we afford this? With Dual Enrollment and Early College you could conceivably at the year you normally graduate from your high school and do graduate from your high school the next year be well into your sophomore year of college. So if you were pursuing an Associate's Degree that would be like getting a 50% break on your college tuition or a four year degree, a 25% break plus. So it's a very innovative program and exciting program and we have two students with us today that participate in these programs and I want to introduce Sophia Blanchard from Windsor who has taken both Dual Enrollment and is now an Early College student at the Upper Valley Community College of Vermont location and we have Josh Ganyame who is a student from Bakersfield, Enosburg High School that went to the Early College program at Johnson and then is now in his second year. I'm curious just to start with since you're into your second year of Early College how did you find out about the program Josh? Well I heard about it from like kids that were talking about it at school they heard about it from other kids that were doing it and I thought it would be a great opportunity to get a jump start on my college education and I felt like I completed my high school education I didn't have only had one credit for my senior year so I didn't really want to waste a year and I wanted to get a jump start so that's why I did it. And how did you find out you know like how to get enrolled in it and you know? I went and first I talked to my guidance counselor and I let her know that I wanted to do it and she informed me what it exactly was and then I got in contact with Johnson State College and talked to Joy Lyon up there and she helped me get started on the whole process. I'm curious was it intimidating to go you know in your senior year of high school into you know a college setting because in your case I assume you're going to college on the Johnson State College campus right and do you commute or do you do you live there? I commute it every day and for the full two semesters that I was in Early College I so again what was it scary and intimidating or did you fit right in? It wasn't scary or intimidating I had a lot of friends I made through the early college program that were from my area like surrounding high schools so I had people to talk to you know and made more and more friends as I was there so it fed in I fit in really nicely and okay so did you graduate from Enosburg High School and get your first year of college credit at the same time? Yes I did. And now you're in your second year? Second year of college and first year. So you're in your sophomore year even though you're just one year out of high school. Right. Pretty amazing. Sophia, how did you find out about you've been through both the dual enrollment and the Early College program so I guess the dual enrollment comes first right? Yeah, my junior year of high school my parents went to a meeting where a CCV member came and talked to them about the dual enrollment program. My mother got in contact with the college and we thought it'd be a good fit for my sister and I. I went to I did dual enrollment my entire junior year and I did a class each semester and then senior year I we learned about the early college program and we were like well we've been introduced slowly into the program and it was just the logical next step. So did you find out about these opportunities on your own or did the counselors say hey this is something you know you and your sister like look like you're likely candidates to participate in dual enrollment? The counselors were at the meeting and afterwards they offered to help parents and talk about the program so I we didn't talk much a lot of it went through my parents and my mother really pushed it and was like this is a brilliant idea I mean it's tuition free and it was just a very good opportunity for us. So you would normally be Sophia I think in our in some ways it's like concurrent right you're still in your senior year of high school and you have already earned previous to your senior year like in your junior year six credits so succeeded in taking two courses college courses that can be used for your college track and when you get to this May and you graduate or June when you graduate from high school you will have completed your first year of college and two additional courses so normally when you would be starting college you would already be well into your sophomore year. That's got to be a pretty good savings and again it's tuition free right to you so you know people are thinking about ways they can make college affordable just pretty good way to do it. Oh yes it's a very good start for people and it gets you into the college system while you're still young especially the dual enrollment program it gets you used to it and it helps you to understand what it's like and acclimate to the college community. So I'm going to come back to ask a few more questions but I should say right now it is a great program if you're interested if you're watching and you're interested you can either go to the Vermont State College's web page VermontState or VSC.edu you can go directly to one of the colleges in this case Johnson where where Josh goes or Community College of Vermont where Sophia goes or any other other colleges can help you when your counselors at your high schools could probably help as well so there are ways if people are interested they can they can get the information pretty easily. Were you intimidated being in classes with college students when you're I don't know what you were 17 years old? My first year actually for dual enrollment I did it online so I was that's a good opportunity to yeah I was still in my high school classes with my high school friends my when I started early college I decided that I wanted to do more in-person classes and I wasn't as interested in the online so I went in and there were quite a few other dual enrollment students from other schools so a lot of them were my age going through the same things as I was and I made fast friends with a lot of people. Okay so in your case are you taking you know a full four or five courses in the fall and then in the spring semester too? Yes I am. Okay and so it's is it during the day or day and night or how does it work? I usually work my classes around my work I or work my work schedule around my classes and I do both morning, middle of the day and night they have them at all time so it's very convenient for me to work around with it so I'm curious with both of you in your experiences now Josh didn't do do enrollment so let's just take early college do you still maintain some connections to your home high school or is it like you're done and you know like you can't play on the sports teams anymore if you wanted to or the drama club or whatever it is so when we start with with Josh and then go while you're still you're technically still in high school why you're doing early college I'm done now obviously but one last year when I was in college commuting going every day full-time you know I could still participate in all the sports could have gone to the prom and all that and if you're not disconnected if you don't want to be you can go go to your high school every day if you want to and participate in activities at the high school it's not I imagine some do with some don't you're right some do some don't I didn't take part so much but I know a lot of people I did and still played all the sports and you're not disconnected if you don't want to miss your senior year so you can get the college credits still get jumpstart on your education but you still get to have your senior high school if you really want to did you go to graduation at the Unisport yes I did a few buddies I wanted to walk with right that's good excellent Sophia how about yourself I didn't really get involved in many of the classes but I did go to my prom I went I go to a lot of the dances and such I plan to go to my graduation in June and if I wanted to a lot of my my theater teacher especially wanted me to continue to take theater there I opted out of that but I could have so I guess the point for the viewers is you go either way but you're not necessarily severing all your connections with your home high school when you do early college I mean is it is it like is it is the workload sufficiently or significantly heavier or different than when when you were a high school student I'll start with you Sophia it's pretty similar it's not as bad it's much easier like I said to work around my work schedule because you have for me at least I take you have a class once a week so I don't have to and it's only a few hours so I also have time to work or study and such and the workload is not too much different from my high school so in your dual enrollment do you remember what courses you took online just a curiosity online I took psychology and I took English calm that's great and what and you enrolled in a particular program now that associates degree track at the Community College of Modern just individual courses or how's that work for you in your early college year at the well this last semester I was taking mostly core classes okay just to get things figured out because I wasn't quite sure where I wanted to be this semester I plan to take a phlebotomy course and I'm kind of leaning towards going into something in the medical field okay great well you'll be well down the road on that and how about you Josh where where where you headed I'm getting a business administration or management degree and the workload was not much of a change for me it was actually I figured a little bit easier because you're around people I wanted to learn in high school I felt like I didn't really want to be there anymore because the kids they kind of mess around you know and it was easier to learn in Johnson and actually get something out of my senior year so I figured the workload wasn't that bad and you could schedule around what you're doing to to get your stuff done so okay it was pretty linear and there were support groups if you had problems and people that would help you you know tutors if you really needed it but and when you're in your early college year which you're not anymore that was last year for you did you mainly associate with other early college students are you associating with the regular student body well it was it's your choice the teachers don't tell it say if you're early college or not so you can just fit right in with everybody and just mingle in the crowd and that's basically what I did I knew a lot of people that were there that were sophomores already and stuff so kind of just fit in and talk to everybody but other early college students you had obviously had another different connection because you had support groups with them and meetings with them so you knew each other a little better right so you know what I've been told by the some of the faculty at both Community College and at Johnson and the other colleges as well as that you know having the early college students actually lends a certain vitality to the classes and they're generally motivated students and it sort of lifts the whole class which is a great thing do and you may not know the answer to this Josh but do most of the students that are in their early college and let's say or do early college at Johnson and again it's available at Castleton and Linden and all over the place within the state college system from on technical college but do they generally stay at Johnson and continue on there or go somewhere else or half and half or I want to know the exact number but I'd say quite a few of them stay or at least stay an actual year just to figure out what they want to do and by leaving a little downside to the early college is by leaving you technically are a freshman in another college if you transfer so if you stay at Johnson another year you're a sophomore in that college and you'll be a junior in the college if you transfer that following year so I think a lot of people do that just for a way around right but yeah a lot of people stay there and I plan on staying there I know somebody else that get got theirs or getting their associates degree this year from having a early college year and then this year's you know we were trying to think of where we'd met before and I don't know if it was here but I went to the Johnson early college sort of graduation dinner or whatever it was last year I don't know if you were there for that but yeah and I it was it was a lot of fun talking to some different students and right I saw students there were a couple that were going up to you main or no you know and there were others that were staying so for students or parents or you know relatives that are watching wondering whether this might be the a good opportunity for students it can go either way many many do stay on the where they are and some decide to go elsewhere and they find that it actually helps their their you know their college application to have been completed college courses and done okay and when they apply to go somewhere else and it says it's nice staying at Johnson because I'm not sure if everybody gets it but I'm pretty sure if you do good in the early college program at Johnson you get a scholarship so you get some more money off your tuition for the following years that you're there's up to when you're done your four-year degree that's also another little perk that I like about Johnson so right and I'm curious in your situation Sophia do you get a chance to interact with other early college students or do you not even notice the difference between who's early college and who is an early college I mean a lot of them were very open about being early college I mean if you really get to talking to someone that's often a good conversation starter I find that we are pretty mixed I mean I do I did meet a lot of them and it was it made it much easier for me to act when made into the system and such knowing that other people were in the same situation as I was but I mean I mean you must be in pretty diverse classes though and by this I mean some definite adult students and some that are your age and everything in between probably right yeah and you enjoy that I love it it gives you a very you get a lot of sides to the college programs well that's good and and are you planning to you may not know the answer to this since you're still in the middle of your early college year but are you planning to stay at community college or go to another state college or go out of state or you still trying to figure that out I really want to do an ultrasound technician program I'm not quite sure where I'll be going yet I'm still kind of figuring it out a little bit I know since it's it's very easy to transfer credits from CCV it's very convenient that I have the ability to go to another college and still have these credits so if there were some students or parents or friends out there and they were wondering whether this was a good opportunity you know what would you tell them about your early college experience Josh it's a great opportunity and I want to want to change it you get so far ahead by taking this year and it really matures you a little earlier and you get a jump start I look at this way by doing a program that Johnson offers a four plus one program I started a year early plus I'm getting a year taking off my master's when I go to Clarkson I'm gonna be getting my master's degree by one people that were in my senior class are getting their bachelors so it really it really pushes you and makes you look into what you're gonna be and I like the way of how it was structured and so you already know you're going on to a master's program but you're only your sophomore year okay nice and what you know where you hoping to end up once you get your master's degree oh I don't know I got sugaring business but I want to mind expanding that or opening a bottling business for syrup so just to you know make the market a little bigger for sugaring because markets going down a little bit due to too much syrup and much syrup being shipped out of the state so I'd like to open my own bottling facility okay well let's start hopefully the the education you're getting will help you with that because everything is more complicated these days yeah and you know it's it's starting to be the sugar and kind of time of season time of year around here and are you gonna be sugaring this this spring oh yeah today this apps running it's 45 degrees today and starting to come in but it's a little early yet so I don't know if we'll be making syrup today but at least systems working so right and this program being recorded it might be below zero and somebody's actually watching this but the day we're recording it is after all that cold weather we had now in a real warm stretch for a little while anyway so but that's great and you're gonna be able to actually maintain your college courses while you're you're sugaring I scheduled last year when I was in early college doing the early college program my spring semester I moved around so I had a couple days or afternoons off when this app was running them also like I said it's really lenient and works around the student and your your advisors at the school help you with that too so very supportive so you know one thing I'm thinking is with dual enrollment early college it really helps from a financial perspective because you're you're actually getting you know years of college courses and years of college done tuition free it speeds up the process so you'll have your college degree sooner which will allow you to be you know working in a field or starting your own business sooner I'm also wondering whether you know how it plays in terms of having you stimulated and busy in your senior year I mean I don't know I don't know if it does make a difference or not so I'm asking the question I mean I have two daughters that went to high school here in Vermont and a lot of their friends in their senior year of high school were kind of like almost done with their courses and we're not really totally engaged and I'm wondering whether you see let's start with you Sophia see it as a way to you know have have somebody really make the most of their senior year where they're not disengaged and just sort of coasting for a year I found myself very motivated to do more because it also got me credits towards college so while I did get the credits towards my high school I currently only have one class left that I only have one credit left that I need for high school and I continued to I wanted to do more so that I could go further into the college aspect of things well that's the point I guess isn't it if you only had one credit left to do in high school you might be kind of like coasting this this spring semester as opposed to now you have motivation to actually take advantage of the courses and the opportunities that are there how about you Josh and think about you and your friends too and what your experience might have been at Enosburg which is your small but fine school right I figured that the jumpstart was way better than coasting for a year and in school and I find it that it was kind of a waste for the senior year because with the schooling the way it was set up now it's all based on proficiency and stuff at Enosburg but when I was there it was just based on credits and almost every high school that never failed a class and got good grades and did all their classes are supposed to only have one credit they have to get their senior year and for that one credit it wasn't a hard course load so they're doing a lot of electives because you had to have a full course or like a close to a full course at the school so they're taking classes that they didn't need and time that could have been put into college which I wanted to get a jumpstart on it so the missing out on high school year versus going to college is better choice to go to college sure so I've got time for a couple more questions but I just want to say again for the viewers that if you want to find out more about dual enrollment and early college you can go to the Vermont State College system website which is vsc.edu and you can navigate around and find it or you could go to any one of the colleges within colleges or universities within the state college system or you should be able to see your your school counselors as well to help you out and that's my next question I mean did you find your high schools now your Windsor high school right are they supportive of you doing this or trying to convince you not to do it and I'll ask you the same question in a minute Josh they were fairly supportive since they will still be getting my since I'm technically graduating from there they'll still be getting the credit for me graduating okay but I'll also be going forward and I'll have a better start right so they didn't try to put up you know roadblocks or anything like that there oh no they were amazing they gave us a lot of information actually they were the ones who set up the initial meeting between the college and the high school well for us it was my parents they also do it for students as well that's great good to know how about you Josh for for me I found out on my own found out about it on my own and I talked to my guidance counselor and at first we were on different ideas on it because I was a little I goofed off a little in high school but because I was bored I wasn't didn't have enough to do and by talking to her and talking about it I really found that I was just done with high school and needed to move on so she was very supportive and she helped me set up meetings and contacted the school so it was she was helped a lot of guidance counselors have since then they've been holding meetings at the school about it and to parents come in and stuff and I've actually gone to the meetings and talked with Johnson at the meeting so it was I think they're more introducing it to students now than they did when I was there you know you you raised a good point there that made me think of something and back when my hair wasn't as gray I used to be involved with the early college program at Vermont technical college it's called the Vermont Academy of Science and Technology and people had this idea that you know the the vast program was for kids at you know or like really advanced and you know geniuses and math and science and technology but what I found was it was often students you know really were just not fitting in and they were like you said just done with high school and they were just they weren't it wasn't like that they were college geniuses they just weren't engaged right and just getting into that different setting allowed them to actually get motivated and get engaged so that's a good thing for board with the high school yeah seeing there's like I like for me I was the maturity level in high school was not where I wanted to be in I was just ready to be out of there so okay that's why I took for a route instead I was I was gonna do my English credit over the summer and just get my diploma and then go to college anyways I figured that was a better better route okay so you know Sophia what should this the the folks that are watching you know take away from this meeting about whether they should think about this or not think about it honestly I think that a lot of people do not know about the program and I feel like it needs to be and I feel like people need to know that it's an amazing program for all kinds of people I did all right in my classes but and do the best and I feel like the early college really matured me and made me want to go further and do more than I initially wanted to do did it give you confidence in terms of thinking hey I can do this I could go to college I could go to get my master's degree that you know that I have a little bit more you know confidence that I can do do college I actually it really did my actually me my advisor we're just talking about that the other day when I had my meeting about classes I it really made me feel better about being able to do it because I never thought I would like actually be really in the college it kind of felt like it was something I had to do but now it feels like something I want to do well that's great I think we ought to finish it right there Sophia Blanchard from Windsor early college student at community College of Vermont in the Upper Valley in Wilder and Josh Gagnier and sophomore at Johnson State College one year after you should have been a you should be in your freshman year but you're you're into your sophomore year I'm really glad you were able to share this exciting opportunity for students in Vermont again if you want to find out more to go to VSC.edu I want to thank all the viewers for tuning in to higher education matters we'll be recording another program in the next month I want to thank Orca for providing the opportunity and if there's anything we can do to help in any college matters please get in touch


okay so this is the third question and it says which of the following is the position time graph for a body at rest so again as I have been telling you read the question which of the following is the position time position time so they're asking about position time graph for a body at rest so what is the identity of rest how do we define rest so what happens in rest so this is what is the definition of rest rest meaning position doesn't change position doesn't change right position doesn't change of what of the particle of which we are analyzing the motion so position doesn't change very good can there be any other definition or characterization for rest yes velocity is 0 but this velocity is 0 not momentarily not for a moment velocity is 0 continuously okay for a long period of time continuously what is the difference so when you throw something up against gravity it also when it reaches the highest point then also its velocity is 0 but that velocity 0 is for only a moment right but in the very next moment it starts falling down and its velocity increases is it so that's momentary velocity is 0 but if the velocity of something is 0 continuously for a long duration of time then we say the body is at rest and again since rest and motion are relative so this is all dependent on the frame of reference okay frame of reference so we all are let's say in right now when you are watching this video so let's say you're watching it on a laptop and you are not moving with the laptop laptop is you know or the desktop or the computer is lying on these on the table so that laptop is at rest with respect to the table but if you go to let's say sun or outer space you'll see earth moving around the sun so then the laptop is also moving with the table so with respect to outer space it's not at rest so again rest and motion is again dependent on from which frame of reference you are evaluating them so keep that in mind so nothing is at absolute rest nothing is at absolute motion okay so now coming back to the question position time graph right of a body which is at rest so again position doesn't change that means if you draw curve or graph like this okay so here is where I am measuring time and here is my position position time graph is measured as or called as s t curve this is my zero t equals to zero s equals to zero line point now position doesn't change with time so hence if you this is time t1 this is time t2 this is time t3 okay different different times are there at 12 o'clock full 30 1 o'clock 1 30 1 2 o'clock wherever you're coming you're observing with one particular reference frame let's say on earth or with respect to you the body is not changing its position so if it is located at this this point I said this point this is not the plane at which it is located it means that if you draw this line so whatever is this distance so this distance is let's say s1 so the body is at s1 distance away from the origin in a straight line something like that okay physically so this is not the physical position of the body many people think that this is a physical location no physical location is something like this so let's say the body was moving in a straight line like this okay and this is t is equal to 0 so if at t equals to 0 how far it is from origin let's say this is origin so s is equal to 0 so at t equals to t1 so as time becomes t1 the guy is at s1 location at t equals to t2 the guy or the body is at s2 location right so hence now I am plotting these two t and s on a graph paper so t1 this is the time time axis this is my position axis so at t1 the body was as s1 so hence corresponding to this t1 you get this s1 here then corresponding to this t2 you get this s2 let's say s2 okay so you can imagine if you're drawing the time axis like this this is the time axis okay the body is moving in this direction oh let's say y in this direction the body is moving and but you have to measure the time also so you're measuring time like this so this is t1 and you're saying when the time moves here the body is at s1 when the time moves to t2 the body is at s2 right that doesn't mean the body is moving in this direction so many people think that body is moving like this no this is the graph of the motion but the actual movement physical movement is happening in this direction we're just measuring or you know just it's a way of visualization so hence it appears like that so at t3 it is that let's say s3 something like that so if you join now this is the curve or the graph of st okay st right so here if you see the positions are changing with time but in our case the position was not changing is it position time graph is rest so rest is what position doesn't change so let's see so now you know what's happening so the body is where it was at initial time let's say at t1 the body was at s1 so at t2 also it will be at s2 at t3 also the body is in the same location okay so hence if you join all these you will see this is a straight line is it so this is what is position time graph or something which is at rest so hence the option a is correct what is this guys then what is this one so if you see the slope is constant positive slope isn't it this is delta s change in position divided by change in time so positive slope so this is uniform uniform motion right so this is uniform motion uniform motion or constant speed okay this one this is also uniform motion uniform motion constant speed or constant velocity but then how are they too different how are they different so clearly here the body is moving away from origin see the body is away moving away from origin but here body is coming towards the origin that's the difference so it is coming towards the origin it is going away from the origin so hence its displacement is reducing here the displacement is increasing that's the difference and what about this this is a curve like that what is this this is accelerated motion acceleration is happening and why do I know and how do I know basically so you can see if you just divide it into equal interval of time equal interval of time let's say one second each let's say one second each okay and then find out corresponding change in displacement so clearly if you see the specimens are increasing for every second the change in position is increasing so if you take the next one second maybe here so it is very high isn't it so corresponding to that the displacement will come somewhere here this location so again very very high so displacement is changing with time every second in every interval of one second you have higher values of displacement so hence this is acceleration so the body is not covering same amount of displacement every unit time so hence it is accelerated motion I hope you understood this