Good afternoon everyone, my name is Sian Zeleny and this is the Replacing Cam with the NF Talk. So I will start with the question that I actually got earlier from Matthew. This question was didn't we already do that? Yes we did and that's why you can see the retrospective back there. So what I'm gonna do is in the first part of the presentation I'm gonna tell you something about what happened, how we did things, why we did them, stuff like that and then we're going to move forward to what's ahead of us because the migration is still not completed. So this might be opposite to what the description of the talk said but you will see that the first part is actually useful to understand the second part of the presentation. So anyway I have a lot of stuff so if you have any questions please say them for the end of the presentation and with that I should probably state what are the goals of my presentation. So first of all I hope this presentation will help the audience to understand why things are the way they are. Second of all this is about self-reflection because not everything went well and we want to show you that we acknowledge our mistakes and we want to learn from them. We also accept feedback so if there is anything you don't like about the presentation just come and grab me afterwards and tell me what you would like instead. And most importantly this is generally not about individual bugs or RFEs that you might have. I trust there is a few of those few of you as well who have individual problems with DNF. Again I can discuss those with you after the presentation if I'm knowledgeable. I should state that I'm not actually on the development team I'm just the manager so I can talk about the high level stuff but I'm not sure about the team time details. So let's take a look at the topics so retrospective that's gonna be about that's gonna go way back like when the development started. DNF 1.0 that's more about recent history like what happened right before Fedora 22 and GA and these two will hopefully give you the background to understand what is planned and if there is time for that I also prepared a couple slides with a bit of controversy. Okay so let's dive deep into the history and start with the positive stuff. So what went well in the DNF development getting early adapters was definitely one of the things that in my perspective we did very well because we managed to get out the early announcement that this is going to happen the announcement went out almost 15 months before the target release Fedora and thanks to that after many many flame wars on the level list we are able to pinpoint some specific problems that were major and should be addressed and we managed to address them. Protected packages functionality is one of them and I'm sure I could come up with a couple more at least. Problem with that was that the community of early adapters covered only a small part of DNF users and therefore covered only a small part of the DNF functionality. I will talk about that in a little while and we didn't succeed to reach out of this rather small group of users who are like enthusiastic about DNF and wanted to try that. I'm quite happy about that. Most of the people that tried DNF for the first time encountered a problem they were just done with it which I can understand as a user just that we managed to get them on board and that could have gone better. So what else went well? Use case driven development that's something that we do today and basically bottom line is that we do not automatically implement what single user asks for. We try to listen to our users but only as a group and the reason is that some requests are contradictory so what we try to do is we try to figure out what is the reason what is what is the reason for the request what is actually the problem that the user is trying to solve. That will usually give us a clear indication as to what is important what is not important and why it is important it's the most important part. And thanks to this approach we already managed to identify and merge some duplicated functionalities. For example in YAM there are some plugins we're doing partially the same job as other plugins so we managed to merge it into one piece of code one place where you can call that functionality. The problem with this approach is the development process takes a bit longer because in some cases especially those cases that we don't understand or the development team doesn't understand they need to figure out what the problem is they need to understand it they need to make themselves wear shoes of others right so yeah and that takes time and what also happens from time to time that the development team can be perceived as unwilling to cooperate because instead of just getting the code in there just merging the patch just getting the stuff fixed they ask you a bunch of questions and when you answer they will ask you another bunch of questions and the reason is exactly for that they want to understand you they want to understand what you're going through they want to understand if there is a way how to solve a problem differently maybe maybe in a more efficient way. So another positive so these are actually three aspects that from my point of view differentiate the DNF development from the YAM development. So first of all unit testing DNF has an extensive unit test suite and I mean really extensive and the policy is that no code should go in that is untested or that is not covered by test suite so if there is a new code or if there are substantial changes in the old code unit tests are always required that's why if some of you send patches to DNF those patches might have been rejected because they didn't include unit tests. CI this actually shows that the testing is really important in the development process of DNF. Currently our CI is directly connected to GitHub so every pull request that comes in is tested first and then it's reviewed and if the test suite fails it's up to you to fix the pull request before anyone can actually review it. Test suite is like I said it's running every single time and it runs on all the components because it's not just DNF there are other libraries beneath DNF and they have test suites as well. Documentation we try to stress the importance of documentation as much as possible because from our point of view the documentation defines our API.  We'll take a look at the documentation and we will say yeah okay so this is part of the documentation we will fix it or this is not part of the documentation you should not be using it. If you want to if you want this functionality file an RFE we'll take a look at the existing interface and maybe we will just take an internal method and make it a part of API or we will implement something else if it's a better choice. But the point is that the documentation is really important for those consumers that try to connect to the Python API of DNF and documentation is also important for users because DNF is a little bit different than YAM and documentation is also important for developers who want to join. So we have a nice guide how to get started with DNF and Nick over there filed an RFE to extend this guide to make the development on top of DNF even more simple and not just on top of DNF but the development of DNF itself for new coming developers. So let's take a look at some negatives. Poor stabilization goals. So even though we announced the release of DNF and the replacement of YAM quite early people didn't test as much of the code base as we had hoped and they led us to making wrong assumptions about what is necessary to make or to declare DNF stable. So originally we had only five goals five major goals which is not that many and we said okay after we do these five goals after do these after we do these five enhancements we're going to go we can we can drop it there and everything will be okay. That obviously was a huge mistake and it reflect badly on us as users got mad about important things we did not encounter before or we did not consider important because things didn't work for some of the users so this should have been should have been improved better. And another thing is that some parts of DNF were implemented quite late like the migration plugin for instance which led to problems in federal 22 alpha or beta was it I'm not sure at this moment. Basically these fun these functions did not work like at all because they were untested we are under a lot of stress and we didn't manage to get them done on time. Okay some other negatives outgoing communication and this is very important one this is basically why I'm doing this presentation. So we figured out that this needs to be improved in general but mostly in terms of transparency of the development process for the community because we in our development process we do a lot of decisions and some of those decisions are not clear to the community and to the users so we need to come forth and we need to explain why are we making decisions the way we are. So examples there are examples throughout the last year like what is the reason for for the YAM and DNF change what are DNF's goals and priorities what that it is actually going to happen because to the very last moment some people didn't believe that the YAM was getting replaced and yeah I mean some of the design decisions were not communicated properly which led to all sorts of confusions I will cover some of them later. So let's take a look at DNF 1.0 so this part will be about what was the development all about around a 32 GA. So first of all it was all about migration of application so this was one of the things that we actually started pretty late in the development cycle because we did the initial inspection in January and it turned out that there is a lot of stuff that depends on the YAM big surprise huh oh look what I've known we should have I know. Anyway so our our idea was to first of all migrate all the stuff that is in the base installation of Fedora and by base installation I mean all three products. So we identified all the components in all three products including including the base and yeah three products and the base and we told we told ourselves okay let's start with these let's make sure these use DNF instead of YAM and if they do we're pretty much good to go so the goal was to not have YAM in the standard installation of Fedora. The second step was to migrate all the YAM plugins. Turned out there is a lot of YAM plugins some of them are not maintained anymore some of them might be doing some stuff that no one no one cares about I think there's two of those so yeah that was the that was the second step the first step the third step was and still is to migrate all the applications that are heavily used but how you identify those well turns out our users know and our users tell us that something should be migrated and as a yeah as a fourth step the idea is to migrate all the applications with active and approachable maintainers and obviously the rest of the application the rest of the applications we need to solve that on a case-by-case basis if it's possible to solve I mean those applications with that upstreams and like maintainers that don't care much it's not really much we can do about those please not in the foreseeable future so YAM deprecated to this day I think that was that was a good idea to have this one even though some users on Fedora levelists didn't think so the idea of YAM deprecated was to have basically a simling from yam to DNF similarly all those like all those tools like repo query and stuff like that should still be there in case you need them for some reason because you know DNF is not 100 percent compatible with YAM and it can happen that someone relies on some functionality that is not yet migrated DNF and it's not going to be for maybe for some time I don't know so the idea was to keep YAM a little longer in Fedora and see what is critically missing in DNF the way we did it you probably you guys probably know we basically warn users that the old YAM commands are deprecated and DNF should be used instead if possible and then we try to redirect to DNF so yeah this is because we want to push users towards DNF a little bit because well who knows how long YAM is going to be around well I know I hope I know but I will share with you in a little while so yeah and the plan is to keep the YAM deprecated only as a backup not to add too much functionality provide some critical fixes I mean since then we implemented a bunch of features but only only those that made sense and yeah part of the part of the YAM deprecated yeah a part of this plan is to have a migration plugin and one page YAM to DNF basically the migration plugin is supposed to migrate your YAM database to DNF because there might be some data that is valuable to you and the man to DNF man page YAM to DNF is supposed to give you some ideas to what is the new command that replaces the old command that you were used to something like that or cover some config options I think as well and yeah one thing we did to improve the situation we created a special set of provides in DNF plugins basically these provides are supposed to give you an idea if you're trying to try to use a command that doesn't exist because some commands were moved from core YAM to one of the plugins in DNF DNF will give you a hint like try to use this provide try to install this provide that might give you the functionality that you requested okay so YAM versus DNF major differences I guess the message here is that still still there are some you some users who think that DNF is supposed to be a drop-in replacement for YAM I'm not sure why do you think that we have never said anything like that we're trying for the CLI interface to be as similar as possible but not always the same so DNF is not dropping replacement for YAM again we should have been more clear about this and yeah basically we should have we should have made clear that DNF is not YAM and it's never going to be but on the other side on the other hand we have a great documentation we have a FAQ you have the main page I original I already mentioned and we have a web page with all the differences or well most of the differences that are between DNF and YAM and all these are supposed to help you with migration towards DNF if you ask why is YAM different than DNF for most part it's because of the use case orientation of the DNF but yeah there are some other reasons but this is the main one so let's take a look at the let's talk about the incoming box so Fedora Alpha was basically Fedora 22 Alpha was basically the first point of contact for most of the users so between Fedora Alpha and Beta we got 93 new box for DNF and related components between Beta and GA we got 115 of those and since GA we've got a hundred more and we have closed since the alpha released we have closed more than 400 box zillas either with fixes or as duplicates or as notabucks or as won't fixes but we try to maintain this number as slow as possible so here is graph if you're interested this is the this is the amount of box that we that we got this zero right here that's the first week that's the first week of this year so here you can see how many box were open against DNF every week of this year including the trend so I guess because of the holiday the trends the trend is now trend is getting down here is about September October hopefully it will not get worse yes that's across all releases all right despite that's that huge spike that's F 22 GA okay there was a there was a huge problem there because in preference to GA there was a release of DNF that was like a month old and we got a lot of duplicates so that's the spike you can see so what do we plan finally getting to the interesting stuff so the big topic obviously is going to be migration or the rest of the migration and then I will reveal some other plans as well so what do we plan removing am big surprise we want to remove him yeah so this is likely something that you are the most of you are interested of interested in and why are you attending this presentation so yam has been in maintenance mode for more than 18 months now that means only a small number of bug fixes are getting in and only a small even smaller number of new features are getting in currently we have one active young developer and maintainer who basically maintains mostly real stuff some of the federal stuff as well and James over James over there is contributing from time to time as well so it is not completely that but it's very close to so let's take a look at three important aspects of the migration to DNF so first of all it's going to be about migrating the users so yam deprecated is staying in the door 23 even though we originally we're all originally thinking about getting rid of it but yeah yam deprecated is staying in federal 23 and if everything goes well it will be removed in federal 24 completely if everything goes well I mean there is about 50% chance that this is going to happen in federal 25 but obviously the goal is for us not to have yam in rel 8 by that time not sure what which time it's going to be but by that time we want to get rid of it at least it can still be there but not as a dependency of anything else so there are some important issues that we are currently tracking the new DNF release was actually built today earlier today so it fixes about 20 20 important bugs and it has a few enhancements as well and we're hoping to get all these important issues we have there is about 8 of them I think resolved by federal 22 federal 24 alpha so the second aspect migrating the applications so currently there is 20 applications to go there is a tracker bug in Godzilla out of these 20 we send patches to 10 so we are hoping that the maintainers will pick them up and merge them upstream in Fedora and two more are likely to be dropped I mean two depending packages that leaves us with eight applications remaining that need to be migrated from yam to DNF that's likely going to happen this autumn migrating plugins that's an ongoing effort I think we are pretty much done but there might be one or two plugins that still need to be migrated obviously some plugins are missing the full compatibility so we work on that as well like we're talking before the presentation and repo query is one of them it's one of the more essential plugins and then there are non Fedora applications which we obviously can track that cannot track at least for the most part so I know for sure that we send patches to Ansible to migrate to DNF and rest of the applications and their developers we are willing to provide an assistance they require and like I said before we have great documentation for them third aspect migrating the infrastructure and you release engineering guys over here none okay cool so bottom line I will I will talk to you guys about the plans for migrating to DNF currently the plan is to migrate to well yeah to migrate in Fedora 25 time frame not sure why exactly that's what I need to talk to you about basically the building infrastructure so Mock is already ported to DNF then there is Koji which uses Mock but that is not ready to adopt DNF but that should be fairly simple if I understand it correctly and then on top of Koji there are some other tools like Pungy I'm not sure what is currently used if it's if it's Pungy as well but the release engineering has all these different sorts of tools to make create composes and stuff so yeah so that's about migration let's see about some other shortened plans so API improvements for plugins so as the as the site of plugins that we have grows we discover on a weekly basis that there are some parts that are just not good enough for plugins like how the configuration is processed I can remember a conversation between the original DNF developer and James over there they were basically arguing about how the configuration management should be done obviously the DNF the original DNF developer did it his way and surprise surprise we discovered that it might have not been the smartest idea so this is one of the examples of things that we need to improve in the future and like I said currently we're quite okay but if we if we want more plugins to come out of the way you need to work on the API downloading file lists so who noticed how much data DNF downloads every time okay at least one person yeah the reason for that that the young was optimized not to download file lists by default and DNF does that so this is something that we will we will definitely work on because there are still some some deployments where bandwidth usage actually matters I mean it makes the DNF dissolving faster but at the same time like I said there are some some places on the planet that this is actually a bad thing so we will work on the bandwidth optimization yes probably I mean I can I cannot say that with certainty but the differences I don't have any stats but my first guess would be that it's about twice as much because the file lists are oh right no I don't have any stats on that yeah I mean the thing is that when these metadata are downloaded from the servers DNF needs to compile them into some sort of format that the dependency solving library uses so that's that's the reason basically oh rich dependencies that's something that should be available in federal 23 even though I should not advertise it loudly because it was not sanctioned by the FPC but theoretically rich dependencies should work what are rich dependencies about basically they allow you to use boolean expressions in your requires suggests recommends you know so those are in now to the point where we actually got because it wasn't that long ago that they weren't in so yeah so the last asking what the syntax was yeah okay yeah so I mean no that's for week dependence yeah yeah I mean the syntax is like in its alpha phase that's why we don't recommend to use them there are some expressions that are still missing like negation negation and yeah other than that it works but it's still like in an alpha development phase which we hope it should be done by by federal 23 GA but it's possible to start experimenting with them yes we can we can definitely meet and talk about this so subscription manager search disabled free pose plug-in not sure how valuable is that for Fedora if you're not using spacewalk or yeah that's not even in yeah it's it's possible anyway this started as a row feature but it's open source in the arms so we plan to port it to to DNF as well the thing is that what can happen sometimes is that you have some enabled and disabled repositories and when you install a package from one of those is enabled with repositories it has a dependency that leads into one of those disabled repositories so what is plug-in yet what this plug-in does it basically asks you if you want to enable all the repositories that you have in your configuration and start a dependency solving again and if it satisfies the dependency it will ask you if you want that particle repository enabled by default yeah basically it's supposed to make your lives easier if there are broken depths so some long-term plan long-term plans software database and integration with cash the cash integration I'm still not sure if that is a if that is a short-term or long-term plan because yeah we basically want to improve caching yum has improved that recently and we want to bring that to DNF as well the idea is to have more versatile caching mechanism that will allow you to store your packages without the need of like proxy server or anything like that that is especially usable in in Docker environment when you're building machines using the same packages again and again and so for database that's something we have been planning for quite a while the idea is to separate the database component of DNF create an API on top of that and basically make it available to other applications like package it because package it currently doesn't share the data with DNF okay oh yes that's that's one of the plugins that we are that we are currently working on the security plug-in and I was under the impression that's already in Fedora maybe with one of the latest updates I'm not sure about that but we definitely know about this feature and there is already work underway to make this available in Fedora so yeah for the recording the question was that one of the big missing features of DNF was the security update a security plug-in sorry so let's take a look at some very long-term plans these are mostly ideas at this point not no work is being done on those and yeah addressing the three different software management stacks problem so currently we have young we have DNF and we have package kids slash non-software which basically work well independently so what happens each of these each of these applications will download its own metadata so all the metadata that you download you to download them three times if you use all three of those there was a huge threat on Fedora deval list about this about two or three months ago so that's something we definitely want to address but it's not just about a metadata it's also about the business logic so we have young and we have DNF now that's gonna be that's gonna be resolved sooner or later but then there is package kit which basically re-implements everything that we do in DNF and GNOME software is running on top of package kit so DNF and package kit are not exactly like what you would call compatible for example you cannot use DNF plug-in package the business logic might be a little bit different even though the core pieces the libraries like the depth-solving library and the library for downloading data are the same the business logic on top of them is not the same so we want to address that we want to merge some of the functional some of some of the functionalities that we have and preferably utilize the same library that will contain the business logic transformation of the code to C or C plus plus there is actually a project called tiny DNF that was started by VMware they their idea basically was to take our core pieces the depth-solving library the library for parsing comps the library for downloading the data and writing their own command line utility on top of those libraries so again they duplicate our business logic well footprint it's all about footprint because VMware wants to use that for their container solutions and you know with DNF you still need to drag Python with you so that's why we consider transforming DNF to C or C plus plus in time like I said this is very long term plan and yeah demonization that's another idea floating around if DNF was running as a demon say I don't know like Docker it might be possible to do all bunch of stuff that is not possible today like scheduling tasks for later for example or I don't know managing non-root users and their access rights so non-root users might be able to install stuff oh yeah I mean yeah I guess it is but there might be other other use cases I mean I always hear people talking about non-root installable packages so yeah I guess something like that I mean currently well I'm not sure what's what's the deal with package kit but I'm pretty sure that for example minimum software which is I understand correctly our default way to install stuff on federal desktop only only displays those applications that have these descriptions which night which might not be all of the packages so but again this is this is just an idea and we're still like thinking through if it's really a good idea or not okay so how much how much time do I have like five minutes something like that okay so I was going to get a little controversial but let's see if there are any questions before we go there okay okay so here's here are some topics that we can talk about so first of all the name people keep asking why is it called the NF is just a fork of young so why don't we keep the name and just release young for my answer is that DNF is not young that's why it's called differently the API's are are different the CLI is a little different and at this point it's mostly about managing user expectations the major counter to that right is that all the users that understand how it's not young are all the ones who whatever it's being as well understand when it's not young when all the ones who don't know or care that it's not young will never understand and have different letters right so the comment was that the users that don't know why it's not called young will never understand why it's not called young right yeah and they don't they don't care so yeah you're definitely right and that's why we are currently keeping the sim link and the sim link will still be there for the foreseeable future so because they just wonder you know young commands to work they don't care about the name that's not just that follow descriptions and things from websites that's never exactly I would like to encourage you to think about making that young sim link not tell people to use DNF and to make it smarter about if it's something that it's pretty sure it's just gonna work just do it don't tell them yes that's like and I'm a good example of the system in for years and lookup years and years told you and that's lookup is deprecated you should use digger host and the only result of that was a bunch of system in angry about that message and I think that's lookup and complaining more often and I think right yeah same result here so I think we should just right so that's so the comment right yeah so that's so the comment was that also the funny thing is you probably should switch to host but and that was one of the things I thought this is a little bit intended but it's like a usability thing people saw that switch to digger host and switch to dig and then the plane that dig was way the wrong command and it never noticed the or host apart so so yeah for the recording besides a lot of off-topic discussion the comment was that we should not do just the warning to migrate to DNF we should do like automated translation from yum commands to DNF commands instead where possible and question to that is yes we know and we plan to do something like that because that's I mean if the use case is as simple as installation of one package there's no need for the user to you know learn a new command so I agree with you and we will be working on that so yeah the question was about Ansible yum module and I don't think we're going to work on that but feel free I mean you're on the team so oh right okay so yeah right yeah so anyway we're we're out of time so one last question it will try to redirect you to DNF in terms of like taking the arguments that you specified and calling DNF with those arguments but that will not work every single time there are times where you will end up with an error or something okay so anyway if you guys want to talk some more I will be available just grab me walking the hallway and other than that thanks you thank you for listening


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Become your envos in 12 months A month-by-month guide to a business that works by Melinda F. Emerson This self-guide book outlines the tasks you need to carry out to get your business off the ground. The founder and CEO of Quintessence Multimedia, Melinda Emerson spells out the step-by-step activities you need to do within the first year of launching your business from reaching out to venture capitalists or contacting investors and creating a one-year marketing strategy to getting the right software and investing in graphic design. Following these tips will help you build a successful business in no time. Again, as an entrepreneur, building a successful business can only be achieved when you're knowledgeable about your industry, how to budget and invest, amongst other things. 13. Run and Grow a Successful Business by Toolkit Media Group This book is a good recommendation for an all-in-one guide to running your small business. 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Key responsibilities of a teacher in a TEFL classroom The roles of an English teacher in a TEFL classroom are varied and depend largely on the stage of the lesson and the situations that may arise, both planned and unplanned. Many people see the teacher as the main source of information and an example of the English language. This, in a sense, is the primary role of a teacher, however, in order to fulfill the ultimate goal a teacher has, they must create a productive atmosphere in the class and a good, working relationship with their students. Learning Trajectory One of the primary issues that a teacher has to overcome is finding an effective way of conveying language points in order to reach a lesson goal. They are a source of information for their students, however, unlike a textbook, a teacher has the ability to adapt and change to the needs of the students. Moreover, this makes them an example of the English language for students to refer to. This role is one that is often very prominent in lessons and also involves a lot of teacher talk time which, if used to an excess, can make lessons boring and predictable. It can often have a positive effect on students for teachers to take a less dominant position in the class and to encourage a greater amount of student talk time. Lesson Flow To make lessons more varied and exciting the teacher must not only be organized prior to the lesson but also play the role of an organizer throughout the lesson. Having worksheets ready or study extracts printed out, for example, makes it more likely that students won't lose concentration and allows the class to transition smoothly between phases in the lesson. The teacher's organizational responsibilities also extend to logistical issues that may arise in a classroom such as the seating plan or the sorting of groups for activities. All of this culminates into the maintaining of discipline in the class without it being imposed. It is also important to note that this is even more important for younger students who may not be attending the lessons for their own interest, but being forced to attend, therefore, lose focus much easier. Once focus is lost, it is difficult to get back in a manner that does not exercise authority, possibly affecting rapport that may have been built up over time. Although many issues that arise in a lesson may be out of the teacher's control, the teacher can prevent some problems before they arise by being on time, consistent and respectful of students. Role Model Another role that teachers play in the classroom is as a motivator. To reinforce correct language use is a vital way to increase the motivation of students and show them that they are making progress. Teachers' feedback can have a huge impact on a student's confidence to be experimental with language and their attitude towards a new language. With this in mind, teachers also have to be careful when criticizing students. It must be acknowledged that overcorrection can have an adverse effect on students and that there is nuance to giving effective and constructive feedback. This often occurs after activity and a student should not be overcorrected as they may feel overwhelmed and are unlikely to take on an abundance of correction at one time. The purpose of motivation is largely to build students' confidence in the classroom. To further make students comfortable, teachers also attempt to build rapport. This can be done in a number of ways, such as the use of ice breaker activities at the beginning of a course, group work, elicitation of information rather than giving it straight to the students or simply having positive energy. This helps learners realize that lessons are not only pulled out of a textbook but are tailored to suit them and their interests through constructive interaction with the teacher and the class. Find your role as a TEFL teacher today. The variety of roles that a teacher has in a classroom each have different effects on students, however, all aim to achieve the goal of teaching language effectively. This being said, none have a greater significance than all the rest. It is the culmination of all of these roles that allow a teacher to teach effectively. By similar logic, it can be seen that if a teacher was to neglect any of the roles he or she takes on, the result would be a poor learning experience and a lack of fluency to their lesson. Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad. Send us an email or call us toll free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.


Jessica, it's great to have you here today. It's your ninth time at Slush. Yeah, ninth time at Slush, and still loving this conference. Amazing. We're going to talk today about raising a seed round.  And yeah, without further ado, let's get into it so we have time to cover all of the burning questions. Starting from maybe the first obvious question, when's the right time to start thinking about raising a seed round? Yes, I think the first question to think about is, should I raise a seed round? Is venture funding right for me? And if the answer is yes, I think there's a simple advice, and that is, if you can raise money, you should raise money. And I think starting from the beginning, if I generalize a little bit, normally a company that is ready to raise their seed round, you have achieved your MVP and you want to raise money for kind of getting your product market fit. And for a seed round, it's a lot about the team, the founder, the vision, more the thesis. So you have a problem, you know the solution, this is the market. But what we've seen in this market is that, that used to be enough. We see a little bit more now that it's also some kind of traction required. You want to be able to talk to the customers, you want to be able to get some product love. And then it's time to raise a seed round. And I think another advice is probably not to wait too long to raise, so go out before and then realize that it might take some time, especially in this market, kind of when you're ready to raise. How long would you say that it takes in the current economic environment? It was interesting because we've definitely seen a shift. It used to take, I would say, could take four to eight weeks and then you need to add on preparation for seed round. I think in this market, it's more three to six months. So I would advise you to at least count for six months of runway when you go out to raise. All right, let's get back to this topic later but now talk about how much to raise because that's perhaps the second question. So how should you, as a founder, think about the size of your seed round? Well, I would start by answering a couple of questions for your startup. The first one is how much capital is required to get to your next fundable milestone? So how much capital do you need to get to, you know, prove your milestones? The second question would be, you know, think about your dilution, how much equity are you willing to give away? What kind of dilution can a company take? I would also think back to the investors for the states you're in, for your sector, for your company, how much money do you think investors are willing to invest? And then the last question is also probably, how much time have you got? If you have more time, you can probably raise a little bit more. If you're getting close to the cash out date, a little bit less. I think when I looked at the data before I came here and at Nordzone, I think an average round now is probably around two to five million dollars or Euro, very similar. The median was three million. So that is a little bit on what we see today in terms of size. Do you find that founders usually have a good perception of what the right size is, or any tips to give to the founders in the audience? You know, a very simple advice is, it's easier to increase the size than to decrease their size. And you would be surprised by how many times we get as an investor where a founder come to us and say, you know, I want to raise a seven million seed round or a 10 million seed round or a 50 million seed round. Then it goes a couple of weeks and you get another call saying, ah, actually, you know, the market has changed and we rethought our strategy and we want to raise a five million or three million. I would say, you know, an easy tip is, start lower of your lower range and then scale up. It's a much stronger signal to go back to your investor and say, actually, I told you three million but we've had so strong investor demand. The round is getting over subscribed so we're actually going to extend it a little bit. I think that's a very good signal as an investor. All right, so start small and then scale up. Well, once you know when you're going to raise and how much, how should you prepare as a founder for starting to fund raise? Well, first of all, you know, I've raised funds from the entrepreneurial side and it can be brutal. I think as an investor, I have a lot of empathy for founders going out to raise. It is a little bit like when I was younger, I used to do door-to-door sales.  I think raising a round is very similar and you can prepare for that mentally. There is a lot of grit, resilience required. You will speak to so many investors. If you read in the media, it's easy to think that, you know, the round get over subscribed, I raised the round in two weeks, it was so easy. But if you talk to any founder that has raised a couple of rounds, you will hear that it's, you know, a lot more new on stories. I would say that prepare mentally for, you know, getting a lot of notes, talking to a lot of investors, it will take a long time, it will be more difficult than you expect and also kind of mentally being prepared to being away from your company or operations for such a long time. But when you feel like, I'm ready, I can do it, you know, it's often inevitable, especially if you're sitting here and you know, you're thinking about the venture route, then I would prepare a little bit on first, kind of thinking through your pitch. In Europe, if I compare and generalize a little bit, Europe versus US, and we have office in New York as well and in Europe, we see that it's a lot more focus on storytelling in the US. And I think European founders, you think more about the story of your company, what, why does it matter? And you need to make sure that the story resonates, then I would also prepare for your pipeline on how to get into the right investors, what makes sense, who's investing in your stage, your type of company, what kind of investors do you wanna work with? And then as I said before, allow enough time to get through that process. You don't wanna get to the end of your runway, you're getting a little bit desperate and people can feel it. So those are things to kind of prepare. If you have a team, I would also prepare the team that you as a founder or the C level, the kind of team you have, it will take time off of your business. You will be more stressed, you will have this emotional roller coaster, prepare the team that, you know, they will have to help you a little bit with this process and it is a lot of things that needs to be prepared as well in the funding round that you can get help from the team by. Yeah. What are then the biggest risks that might come up? What should you prepare for besides you coming to the end of your runway during the process? Well, I think it's a couple of things and I think at NorthSum we see them over and over again. You know, the first one we see is that a lot of founders go out and race before they are ready. So think through what are those milestones or those inflection points where you think you can race around and I think an easy, you know, thing to do is to actually ask some investors. You know, you build your relationship over time, you start well before you want to go out and race, but actually ask the investors. I get the question all the time. You know, for a company like mine, what would you want to see to race a seed round and A round? You can have that discussion. So I would say, don't go out before you're ready and assess that well in advance so you know that these are the milestones that I need to hit to be able to race around. Then I would say, don't ask for too much.  I'm only gonna be able to race three and that makes it harder, so kind of start low. And the second, or the third thing is actually evaluation. And here it's interesting because it's easy to, in the beginning evaluation, as you all know, it's hard to set evaluation, how do you do that? And it's easy to, you know, I would say aim too high and even if you can get that prize, it might kind of hurt you going forward that we've seen many, many companies that are able to race an incredible seed round and you aim for a high valuation, you get your valuation, you know, you're super happy and then you celebrate and then you get to the A round and you realize, oh, to race an A round, I need to grow into the valuation and I need to kind of grow over and you need to grow into the next valuation of the A round and kind of de-risk the company, so to say, from the investor's point of view and that can be very hard. So I think be realistic in the valuation and also kind of set it up for the long term. Seed round is one point in time, but there will most likely be more rounds and then you want to have a valuation that makes sense and I think we looked at the data internally. These are rough numbers, but I think what we see is, I told you there's seed round, what we see is between two, three million up to five. If you look at dilution for that, it's from 10%. If you can, you know, if you can get away with 10% dilution, well done. I think that's great. We see up to 25%, so 10 to 25%, I would not give away more than 25%. So these are some rough numbers that we see in the market now. I think market is more difficult now, so it's probably kind of at the higher end of that range, but at least you have some guidance there in terms of valuation. Yeah, so don't set the price too high and keep the dilution low. I sound like an investor now, you know, set the valuation low. But yes, I think it's so much easier to kind of scale it up versus the opposite. Yeah, then once you kind of figure this out, you have to go find the right investors for you, right? So how do you do that as a founder? Like what kind of investors should you look for and how do you make sure that you're reaching out to the right funds? Because I think that's something that probably many people in the audience might have struggled with. Yeah, and it's hard, right? I think this is a topic that often gets, you know, forgotten in the process, but for you are focusing so much on raising capital to your startup, but the reality is that these are people that you will work with for a very long time. So I would say, you know, turn the question back. Who do you want to work with? Who do you want to have on the other side of the table? When I joined Nordzone almost 10 years ago now, my partners told me that, you know, getting a divorce is easier than getting your investors out. I think that statement is a little sad, but it's also kind of a very, very long-term relationship and you need to have investors that, you know, believe in your company, believe in you, you align on the vision, but they're also able to help in the process. So I would urge everyone to kind of use the fundraising process as a due diligence process for yourself as well. How do you make sure that, you know, these are people you want to work with? I would talk to portfolio. Look at the portfolio companies that didn't succeed. These are the best references. How do investors deal with failure? Do they leave you kind of hanging in a very different, difficult process? Or are they there as a support throughout the journey? Talk to other founders. We talk a lot about, you know, how do you get tips and tricks and raise the seed round? But I think, you know, talk to other founders that have just raised the seed. You will get the best references. It spreads quickly in the market when investors are not kind of, you know, the people you want to work with. And also, brand is one thing. Another thing is kind of investor on your board. So look kind of at the fund, both kind of in terms of brand, but also look at the people you're working with who has the right sector experience, who has the kind of personality that you want to have on your board, who has someone where you feel like, you know, this is an investor that can help me get throughout the journey. And then, you know, it is also, I would say it helps if you do enough homework to also kind of know your audience. I see a lot of founders that are wasting the time. They are, you know, a B2B company pitching to consumer investor. It's a early stage company pitching to a series B investor. You know, do some homework to see, does this investor invest in my sector, in my type of company, in my stage? Otherwise you're wasting a lot of time. There's so many investors out there. So that's kind of what I would do as a first step. Yeah, lots of good tips there.  How does one get in touch with you or, you know, investors overall? Well, I always hear, you know, to get in front of an investor, you need to have this warm intro, you can never get in front. I think there's a little bit of arrogance in the industry. I think it's getting a warm intro is obviously easier as in any business, you know, you get an introduction, you have someone vouching for you, that's great. But if we start from the beginning, you don't have a warm intro. You're coming in, you're cold. Like it's not that difficult. I think the real reason is that most investors are drowning in cold emails.  So I think if you write a really good, kind of crisp cold email, I would bet you that the conversion rate is actually pretty good. Try it and otherwise I would say it's hustling, you know, getting a lead for founders always hustling.  I think an easy, easy, I say, but a pretty good way is also to reach out to angels. They are used to kind of talk, taking the first meetings and getting in very, very early. Then you get your first couple of angels involved and you make them, the angels, go to the fans. At Norsen, for example, we invest a lot together with angels, but we also come in after angels and we have a lot of respect for them and we know kind of that they do a great job at the early stage. So that's also a tip on kind of getting in front of them. But I would say, you know, most of VCs, they reply on LinkedIn. They have their emails on the website.  Yeah. About the cold reach out. So what is a good cold email look like? What makes you stop when you're looking through your inbox and be like, this is someone that I need to talk to? Well, first of all, you know, it's funny because you will see so many emails that they are addressed to the wrong person, you know, a high alien in my inbox. So, you know, first get the basics right, but then actually don't copy the emails across to multiple investors. You know, take some time, do the research, send a couple of cold emails to the VCs that really matter for your company, and then just spend some time researching what kind of track record, what kind of portfolio, why would this company make sense for you? And if you've done your research right and you realize, you know, Nordson might be great fun for you or this investor here at Nordson, why is probably because they have some track record, they have similar companies and then use that in the email. So you can read the story, it resonates. I see the team seems very strong, love the vision, the idea, that's enough for a first meeting, I would say. Yeah. What happens at the first meeting? So someone gets a first meeting, first call with you. How do you prepare for that? What do you need to have ready at the seed stage? Well, I would say, I hated fundraising, as an entrepreneur, I thought it was horrible. I'm always so fascinated by people that love fundraising, they're really good at it, you know, well done. It's a lot of pressure, but I think what I realized is that you need to, first you need to prepare for a lot of notes and rejection is hard as everyone knows and it's also hard when you're coming in as an entrepreneur, time is your most valuable asset, you spend your time on building your company, you come to an office, it's normally this fancy marble office, when I raced it was a lot of guys in suits sitting on the other side asking tough questions, you show your baby and they do everything they can to kind of shoot it down, which is hard, but I think what you can do to prepare is also to first think through the pitch, why does this make sense for an investor, you know your audience, so you know you're actually pitching to the right person and then just prepare for that meeting and to be fair, rejection, you will get a lot of rejections, you will get a lot of no, I think the best fundraisers that I've seen both at HelloFresh but also you know, companies like Klarna, Personio, Spotify, iSettle that we've seen at a close kind of, closely fundraise, they are so good at taking this meeting and doing it as a brainstorming meeting, as using those kind of, the feedback you get back, the criticism, the questions, the tricky kind of interactions, I would say they take that back as feedback and they go back and they adjust the pitch, they adjust kind of, they take back some ideas for the company, they ask investors question to get back the macro view, what do you see in the market, what are the competitors doing, what do you see us from the outside that I can change with my business, they try not to make it so personal, it's not a personal rejection that they don't want me as a founder, but trying to use it as kind of constructive, the growth mindset of, how can I make this to become even better? Another thing I would propose founders to do is to construct a data room before you go out and raise, even at the seed stage, it's boring, it's tedious, but it's a great preparation, you get everything in order, it takes some time, but you're getting close to the numbers, the data, the documents, and you don't have to waste time while you're out pitching, then you can just make sure you have it there and you're kind of ready for the fundraise. And what should be in your data room? Well, I think depending on when you raise, beginning super basic data room, it's just kind of the everything, you have your legal documents, you have your financial documents, and then you have your pitch, kind of more of the commercial documents, but in the beginning they are super simple, but for you as a founder, normally you don't have the processes under control, everything is chaos, especially when you are growing fast, but just kind of take some time, get that in order, will save you a lot during the process. Right. As you mentioned, you'll be hit with a lot of a nose during the process. Do you have any learnings from your journey, either as a co-founder or an investor, common mistakes you see founders making, that you would want to tell the audience to avoid? Well, it is kind of handling the nose, I think it's the most difficult part of the journey, it's not maybe in dating, but otherwise where do you get so much rejection, so many noses, it's tough. You have to be a very thick skin, you have to, you get a no, you get a lot of reason why it won't work, you have to brush it off, you have to take some of that constructive criticism, develop your business, but then you have to get back into passion, show enthusiasm, and then you go pitch it again, and it's interesting, right, because you will get hundreds of noses, and at the end of it you will get one yes, but let me tell you in the beginning, it's always the first term sheet that is the most difficult thing, the second term sheet will be easier, it is a lot of herd mentality, so if you can see this more as, you need to keep up the momentum, you need to make sure that the investors feel like they're not alone looking at this, like why would you want to be the only one looking at this company, but you also don't want to feel like, wow, this company is being shopped around, everyone has looked, no one wants to invest, so you need to kind of balance that tricky dynamic of building strong relationships, but making people sure that, get some FOMO in the process that things are moving and you need to get to a decision now, I would say that and handling the rejections, getting to the growth mindset again of showing that I'll use this pitch as a two-way meeting, I want to make sure that you are the right investor for me, so I'm going to ask you a couple of good questions, but I also want to use it to get some good feedback back from you, if you can manage to do that, I'm sure you will do very fun in the fundraising process. In the current economic situation, many founders will get even more notes, so do you have any specific tips for founders looking to raise like within the next four to six months? Well, if you don't have to raise, don't raise now, I would say, wait a little bit, the market is tougher now, we see that rounds are still being done, especially the earlier, if you get up to growth, it takes a little bit longer, fewer rounds, you saw the latest data, it's definitely down, I would say not as much as seed rounds and A rounds, but if you can wait a little, if you're going out now, just think about that, with the market circumstances, you probably need to speak to more investors, you probably need to broaden your funnel a little bit, you probably need to get that kind of momentum that I talked about, and it's not, it is the kind of hustling game again where you will have to be a little bit creative in the beginning, so I would say, allow enough time to do it, talk to more investors at top funnel, and then I would say, talk in the entrepreneurial communities quite a lot, there is so much good feedback there, where people have been out, which funds are active, which funds are not active, there are a lot of funds that are trying to fundraise themselves now, that are taking time from them to kind of invest, they are at the end of the fund cycles, don't pitch them now, it's not kind of, focus your time on funds that are actually active, and then I would say, allow enough time to get through it, a lot of investors are a little bit more cautious now, but most investors that I speak to are still investing, we are still very active, we're still investing seed in series A, and most other early stage investors are, so I think it probably takes a little bit longer at the later stages, but in the beginning, there's still activity, and hopefully next year will be even better. Yeah, so stay persistent and hang in there. We have a few minutes left, so let's kind of talk about what happens after you manage to raise. So, when you as a founder have raised your seed around, you've closed it, what tips would you give to a founder at that stage? How do you use your money? Any common mistakes you see, I think especially first time founders, speaking. Don't spend it too quickly, I would say the simple advice, but it's also a fun thing is that every time you raise a round, you have an announcement in the media, it's interesting to see that you have the first knock on your door, and then the whole team starts asking for a pay rise, because that's normally what happens, you raise your first seed round, and now all of a sudden the company's rich, you can pay a lot higher salaries, and that starts. So you need to kind of keep this mentality of, we are a startup, we don't waste money, we protect our runways, I would say when you raise funding, celebrate, then pause, take some time, map out, what do you need to prove with this funding? What is the next milestone you need to get to to raise a series A? What is the inflection point? Is it growth, is it revenue, is it something with the customer love, or you can show in terms of adoption? But then when you need to, when you know where you need to go, then you also should test that in the environment, it's easy to set on your company, you think that these are the right milestones, and then you start testing the waters in the market, and you realize, oh shit, what's the wrong milestones, I'm not gonna be able to raise on that. So I would say you put up your hypothesis, raise it with a couple of investors that you developed a good relationship with, and then you start kind of execute on that. I think now there's a lot more focus on extending the runway, used to be 12 to 18 months until you raise the next round. I see most founders now aim for two years, so you have kind of runway to execute in two years. If you can raise earlier, great, but at least kind of make sure that you figure out what is needed in terms of team, in terms of cost to get to the next fundable milestones, that I would do after, and not kind of get carried away and say, great, you know, it was so easy for the seed round, let's push for the A round, but kind of leave some space to do that properly. Yeah, that's great advice for everyone in the audience. Before we wrap up one final question, so if you could just leave the audience with one thing to take away from this talk, what would that be? I would say fundraising is tough, and it might take a long time, especially in this market, so kind of leave yourself enough time and runway to get it done. That would be it. That's great. Thank you so much, Jessica, for being here today. Thanks for talking to you, and I hope everyone in the audience will learn something new. Thank you so much, Elin. Thank you.


Yo yo what's happening fellas welcome back to the channel. So recently I'll be honest I've been playing a little bit too much animal crossing. Okay, I was just playing it before I was filming this video I think I'm kind of addicted but I decided to get a little bit productive and put some outfits together for you guys because you Know we're quarantining now. We aren't really doing too much and I'll be honest I've been buying a lot of stuff online just to uh You know feel that void of not going out because I'm an extrovert And I feel like this is something you guys can do as well You know try and have a little bit of fun during quarantine putting some outfits together Trying out a new aesthetic or trying an old aesthetic used to like and maybe putting a current spin to it Just to see if you like it again or not and for this video I have four outfits for you guys four completely different styles all ranging in Temperature and hobbies and all that good stuff So I feel like one of these can apply to you guys and as the normal disclaimer I have in all my videos I don't really know how to dress I have closed my closet. I put it together and I like it You guys may not like it. I don't care. I like it There's definitely a lot more people online that can outdress the hell out of me, okay? This is just what I like. I hope it helps you guys out So help your boy out turn the like button blue for the YouTube algorithm gods to bless this channel with love Come on come on YouTube algorithm. Hey, they put their offering in you know help about the channel Anyways guys this video is also sponsored by black Taylor, but yeah, we're gonna talk about them at the end of the video Let's talk about these outfits Okay, so we're gonna hit it right out the gate with one of my favorite fits of all time as of right now This tech wear inspired outfit now I say inspired because I'm still pretty new to this aesthetic But nevertheless, let's break down the fit tech wear is basically where function and aesthetics meet Beautifully to create a separate aesthetic called tech wear obviously think of athleisure with more functionality and a little bit of cyberpunk 2077 drizzled in well It's funny because it's April as I'm recording this and yesterday It snowed like crazy in New Mexico a desert This is probably the second time in my lifetime that this has happened So that determined my fit for the day like you know when you ask the guys over at Nooks cranny What's hot for the day and they tell you something like a birdhouse and that's really all that you focus on that day Yeah, that's what this fit was. I know it's weird. It's April. It's normally warm But I know some of you guys are still going through colder temperatures. So starting off with the boots We got the Nike SFB feel to Gore-Tex boots So if you guys saw my sneaker collection video, you guys know I've had these for a while But never got to really styling it until warmer weather Tisk tisk Johnny come on. Anyways, these have been a major game-changer to my mindset before whenever it came to boots I was like, oh, yeah, you know, they're cool But I'd rather spend my money on a pair of J's or just another pair of sneakers in general Well, I pulled the trigger on this one. Thanks to this is Antoine an awesome tech wear channel And this has really changed my perspective on boots now I want more boots. These are a boot with some sneaker elements to it like its design and comfort They're made of Gore-Tex. So it is waterproof and perfect for whenever it precipitates boots can be worn all year round Although I would only wear these in the summer if it rains pants do come from a brand called Randy Lucien You can get it off unit in as well. You guys know I've worked with them before a great intro piece to tech wear If you guys don't want to shell out that acronym or even gorilla group price It's weatherproof as well. So you stay dry. These normally come with straps, but I don't normally wear them too much I have to be in the mood to throw them on my pants for some reason But I like these because of the leg adjustment it has I can adjust it So it's more tapered for slimmer sneakers or I can unzip it to make it more slim straight So they suit chunky sneakers like the Air Force one and no these are not like the zippers on zipper denim looking back Those look weird these have a purpose the top is also from Randy Lucien slash unit in perfect for times like these where you Gotta protect your face although it definitely isn't n95 or even surgical mass worthy, but it does look kind of cool By the way, I'll link as much as I can in the description below along with the sizes I wore anyways nothing crazy just a nice high-neck long sleeve the jacket is MKBHD merch What I like about it is this dual tone color blocking it stays in that gray scale spectrum Which is kind of a wave I've been on and it's wind resistant, but not really water resistant hence why this fit is tech We're inspired and not really full tech where I have other jackets with DWR coatings to waterproof it But I just like the aesthetics of this jacket with this particular fit So my lower half of the body was waterproof, but not the top Well then because I always try to add some color with tech where fits since most of the outfits out there are Black dominance I just added this sling bag from riot division also waterproof with some minor storage space And then this olive beanie that I got from Amazon to add another piece of color to the fit overall One of my favorite fits so far functional for the most part and very military slash dystopian inspired next up We have this athleisure cozy chill fit going on This is definitely an outfit I'd wear to the airport whenever that was a thing this time Let's start with the top so I went to my girl's hometown of the shy last September probably my second favorite city I've been to we went to all the good places Giordano's Millennium Park and of course Navy Pier and then the shirt caught my eye you guys know I always try and encourage you guys to do this But I'll just say it again pick up merch from places you visit gift shops at famous landmarks museums national parks Etc. Anyways, this shirt came from a Navy Pier gift shop pretty sure it was like 15 to 20 dollars And I just like the colors going on kind of has that vintage gray color that I really dig then this purple green Chicago Graphic that I really like as well went with the more loose fit because I usually wear this shirt when I'm lounging at home Rating other animals islands or when I'm shredding the streets on my board either way a very versatile cheap and personal item I picked up that's what makes items like that so special It's because it describes you you visited that place and has more meaning than just picking something up at H&M or something for accessories We got this ring from Amazon this gold bracelet from Vitale They were actually kind enough to send this piece over and then some beaded bracelets from rose golden black and Aldo And then the glasses are blue blockers from Jade black another company I work with sling bag is from orbit gear You guys know who I wear this stink a lot It's a great starter piece to get into that technical aesthetic kind of like the Jordan ones whenever you're getting into street wear And of course the sling bag is functional waterproof any larger amount of storage I can even put my laptop in there then the pants come from black Taylor who is sponsoring this video This is the n1 cargo what I like about this is the fit isn't too crazy tights Nor is it too baggy just the right fitment and dries really easily when it gets wet I really like these not just because their car goes I like them because it's made of nylon and I just like the adjustments You can make in the ankle area you have these pull tabs that you can adjust to taper it and have it stay on one spot on Your ankle so I like to pull it up just a tad bit and wear these pants with runners I haven't worn anything else with these pants because these just give off a very athletic Athleisure look hence why I pretty much only wear these with my Pegasus 35 turbos or the sneaker that I'm wearing the new Balance 997 s so I picked these out because I have a ridiculous amount of Nike sneakers and a few adidas in vans And that's really it. I've always like new balance I just never pulled the trigger on it. So the 997 s is the sportier version of the original 997 I do like these better just because it has just a slight bit more of that Utilitarian look pretty comfortable, but nothing like reactor boost overall a great switch up from the normal top competitors And yeah, I like this fit because the whole thing follows again that grayscale spectrum It's cozy perfect for spring or lounging around Okay So you guys may have noticed black pants black shoes grayscale color blocking and someone's right about to type in the comments Johnny it's spring. You need some colors in your outfit. Yeah, you're lucky. This is a voiceover. So you have to imagine me death staring at you I know there's still ain't crazy colors going on with this fit, but this has more of that typical Masculine casual men's wear look so like in my why I stopped wearing skinny jeans and fitted clothes videos There are seven days a week those videos are just stating I won't be wearing those items seven days a week It's probably gonna be more like two or three times a week chill out So I'm rocking a fitted light pastel green almost olive t-shirt from cuts clothing It does look great And I do really like cuts clothing and essentials for the fitted shirts paired with a gunmetal necklace from rolls gold and black We got other accessories as well I've got on this classic gold cast heel watch that I got from Amazon only thirty five dollars Link in description the silver bracelet and rings that I also got from Amazon pants come from hyper denim It's a light wash stretch denim cuffed Of course black bandana around the bell loop for a nice touch and paired with the vans old schools So you guys will see that this isn't your typical vans old schools But just real quick if you guys have the extra funds and want some vans opt for that comfy cush technology It really does make a difference and it's like ten dollars more or something like that This is a typical casual men's wear fits and for good reason if you lift weights or you do calisthenics You know you built some muscle mass. This will especially look good on you It may be plain and simple, but sometimes it be like that it's like that island life Sometimes you spend your time raiding islands and then sometimes you're fishing and re-landscaping your island So last but not least is my typical outfit for whenever I skate and about those vans Do not pick up the normal fifty dollar vans You should pick up the old-school pro skate model because it's only ten or twenty dollars more than the normal old schools Trust me. I did one heel flip in my lifestyle vans and they already ripped because when you get the pro skate model It has extra cushioning in the sole. It's more durable and can withstand more flicks on your grip tape But if you don't skate you don't need to worry about these just stick to the comfy cushion pair for more comfort But if you skate these are more comfortable than the lifestyle model and more durable as well Let's mix it up and just move on to the top. The top is from Carhartt.  This is a maroon type color. Very simple. I got it from Dick's Sporting Goods I'm wearing a few rings bracelets and all that But when I'm skating I take those off because falling on those will slice up your wrist and your fingers And you don't want that then the pants are from 511 tactical These are quite breathable stretchy and water resistant as well The standard pants are skating are dickies But these are also made to be durable and stretchy and I personally like the design better They're normally a straight cut which I prefer for these types of fits And if I want to wear in more tech wear type outfits or I just want to taper it a little bit I will pin roll it for this fit I cuffed it normally to keep the straight cut look because everything always tapered and fitted can get Boring really quick. So this is a nice way to have fun with it Plus it helps with breathability and that's kind of where skater fashion is kind of going You know it used to be back in 2006 whenever I attempted my first ollie the wave was definitely Skinny tight jeans and since then it's moved on to more straight cut and breathable pants I've gone on some white crew socks to contrast against the vans and the pants If you want a more seamless look you can opt for just regular black crew socks white and black at the bottom And they pop of color on top which I really like alright y'all I hope you guys found this video helpful leave a comment down below What was your favorite outfit out of the four as you guys can see I like to have a more versus towel wardrobe versus just Going all in on one. I don't know for me. It's really hard to stick to one thing So I like to dabble in a lot of other stuff, which is probably a good and a bad thing It's like the same with my hobbies. I skate I cook I take pictures. I edit videos. I create content It's my brain's a mess. Okay, so let's talk about the sponsor of today's video black Taylor So if you guys don't already know I've worked with black Taylor quite a bit already They are a cargo street wear based company. They don't really focus on tech where cargo is just to be transparent They just focus on cargoes for your normal street wear outfits So I'm gonna recommend their n1 nylon cargoes that you guys saw in this video or their n17 cargoes Which is their other sleeker more minimal cargo pants I really like all the adjustments you can make to the pants so that it fits the type of sneaker you're wearing And they also have some great colorways as well I really do think their cargo pants are a great start if you're just trying to see if you like cargo pants in general You guys know I love them There's also a discount code in the description you guys can use to save some money So go ahead and check them out the link is in the description just to be transparent I don't make any commissions off your guys's purchases. It just goes to helping out this channel long term I know we're in quarantine and all that so you guys do have the money You guys are looking at picking something up and you guys actually like their cargo pants Then yeah, I would definitely say you guys would really like it But don't buy from any of the sponsors just because I said so I want you guys to actually like the pieces Before you guys actually make the purchase But yeah, thank you guys in advance for supporting the channel if you guys found this video helpful Hit the like button let the youtube algorithm gods know to show love to this channel And if you haven't already follow me on instagram at flabberjohnytai subscribe to the channel And until then stay fly, stay animosity free. I'm out peace


Hello and welcome to the session. I am Deepika here. Let's discuss a question which says integrate the following function, x sign x. Let us first understand integration by parts. Now this method is quite useful in integrating products of functions. Now if we have to integrate two functions, say fx and gh, then the integral of fx, gh. So let us see fx as a first function and gh as a second function. So this is equal to first function that is fx the second function that is integral of gh. Function coefficient of the first function that is f dash x integral of the second function that is integral of gh. We will take the help of this key idea to solve the above question. So let's solve the solution. Now we have to integrate first function. Usually x then we take it as a first function. So according to our key idea integral of function that is n function that is integral of sin x dx initial coefficient of the second function. The process of differentiation and integration are inverses of each other as cos x because integral of cos x is minus x cos x


Nothing in the world is like a hummingbird. They float suspended or fly backwards, their wings beating faster than the eye can see. Only now are we discovering the full extent of their powers. You're about to enter the hummingbird dimension, where life moves faster and shines brighter on these super little birds.


The International Air Transport Association has released April 2021 data for global air cargo markets, showing that air cargo demand continues to have performed pre-COVID levels with demand up 12%. According to the data, comparison between 2020 and 2021 monthly results were distorted by the extraordinary impact of COVID-19, which followed normal demand patterns. Global demand measured in cargo 10 km was up 12% compared to April 2019 and 7.8% compared to March this year.


Meanwhile, the senator representing Anambra and North Senatorial District Defani Uba has found a suit at the federal high court in Abuja seeking an order to be allowed to visit Kanu in the custody of the Department of State Services. Senator Uba claims it is part of his legislative oversight function and he wants to find out if Kanu was involved in the unrest in the southeast since his arrest.


Hey, Psych2go family! So, how do you know if someone is a toxic person? According to psychotherapist Jody Gale in an article by Margarita Tartakovsky, a toxic person is more accurately described as a person who routinely exhibits behaviors that are negative, unhealthy, and debilitating to another person. So here are 10 types of toxic people that you'll likely meet in your life. 1. The Jealous Type Although jealousy can very easily turn toxic, it's important to remember that, to some extent, it's normal in personal relationships. A little bit of jealousy from time to time doesn't make someone toxic. Jealousy becomes toxic when people start to imagine potential situations and rope them in with reality. This is harmful in any relationship because it causes a person to create falsehoods and can easily lead to controlling and possessive behavior. 2. The Egotistical Type Is there someone around you who is constantly belittling others, making them feel worthless and insecure? Anyone who acts or makes another person feel this way is toxic. Anytime someone cannot see past their own needs, their behavior can be toxic. While it's not a bad thing to look out for yourself, it becomes a problem when self-care turns into self-absorbance. 3. The Manipulative Type Do they constantly ask for favors? Get angry when you say no or try to bribe you with things you enjoy to do things for them in return. These are sure signs they're trying to manipulate you. Manipulation is usually reflective of selfishness. People who routinely exhibit manipulative behavior are only looking out for their personal gain, disregarding the feelings of others. Similar to narcissism, this can lead to a huge amount of mistreatment and disrespect. 4. The User Do you know someone who tends to befriend others only to use them as a resource, not to form a genuine relationship? In a school setting, can you recall the ones who contacted you only when they needed homework help and never to chat or ask how you are? This behavior is toxic because it can wear you out, as they seem to only keep you in their lives for their own benefit. You deserve to be valued for the person you are, not just by what you can do for someone else. 5. People Who Feed Off Drama Do you have a friend who constantly gossips about other people's shortcomings? It's never healthy to feel like you're under a microscope. Often times, people who like discussing the shortcomings and flaws of others are indirectly trying to inflate their own self-perception. If someone is known to gossip frequently and stir up drama, it's often in an attempt to hide an underlying insecurity. It's a ploy to seek attention. This can ruin any genuine friendship or relationship you're trying to forge with them. They seem to be more interested in tearing other people down, rather than building up themselves and those around them. Similarly, those who engage in drama are also toxic, even if they don't start it. 6. People Who Are Judgmental Or Overly Critical Is someone around you always quick to amplify faults in others? Are they quick to jump to negative conclusions and make false assumptions? People who constantly judge others are not the best to surround yourself with. Constructive criticism and suggestions can totally be beneficial, but criticism that tends only to highlight your flaws without offering any solutions is detrimental to your mental health. According to psychologist Steven Stonsny, excessive criticism becomes toxic because it makes people feel less valued. Critical people tend to come across as superior to others, and that can have a blaming or belittling effect. And constantly having to hear that something's wrong with you can easily lower your self-esteem. 7. People Who Can't Control Emotional Outbursts Are you walking on eggshells around someone as you never know how to react to something you say? Are others scared to be around them because they can lash out anywhere and anytime with no forewarning? Someone with frequent emotional outbursts is toxic to be around because it can diminish your self-worth. They'll project their emotions onto others, victimizing themselves in the process. The truth is, their emotional volatility is a reflection of their own unresolved insecurities. 8. People Who Disregard Your Values Do they always belittle what you stand for? Do they make your beliefs seem inadequate? Are they constantly trying to mold you according to their ways? People who do this can cause you to ignore or disregard your own values and become very controlling by doing so. No relationship, personal, or professional should cause you to lose sight of who you are and what you stand for. 9. People Who Set Ultimatums Ultimatums are a form of control and manipulation because they can make you feel like your entire relationship with a certain person depends on your compliance to them. This can cause you to feel under pressure and can make your own ideas and values fly out the window. According to clinical psychologist Kathy Nickerson, Ultimatums are processed like threats and thereby remove the factors of love and empathy in a relationship. They leave you feeling suffocated. Any relationship that makes you feel forced or pressured is a toxic one and can cause you to lose your sense of self. And 10. People Who Have An Overly Competitive Mindset Ever heard of people called one uppers? It seems as though they only listen to you to respond with something better. This behavior is toxic because it can leave you feeling like your excitement and accomplishments are not enough. In any relationship, it's important to feel celebrated and cared for. And people who are constantly competitive with you can leave you feeling less worthy and less valuable. Have you experienced such behavior before? Do you think these signs are sufficient criteria for spotting the toxic people around you? Do let us know in the comments below. Also, remember to share with those you think might benefit from it. And as always, thanks for watching.


My name is Siks Mojic, I'm from Slovenia. I'm one of the co-founders of Drupal company called Agile Drop and we came here to London for Drupal Camp London. We sponsor many Drupal camps and events. We feel like this is a very good way to give back to the community. Those events are a great way for developers to network, to write code and to contribute back to Drupal and we're glad that we can be part of that. For us, being a sponsor means that we get some visibility in the community. It means that we can network with other attendees. So we also see it as a marketing investment from our end. So Drupal Camp London is a great event because it really brings old people from all around Europe and worldwide together. Not many camps have that possibility. I think it's just the location and the London itself is appealing. So that's why I think for us it actually is the second best event in a year after Drupal Camp. So if I have to describe Drupal Camp in as few words as possible I would say getting together would be a nice phrase.