I would like to go through these five languages of love and see how our Prophet ﷺ as always was ahead of the game, subhanAllah. So the first language of love, the first love language, if you will, is words of affirmation. Words of affirmation. In order to be, to start the process of falling in love with someone or to fall in love with someone, you need to express your love to someone.  This is one way of, this is the first step in falling in love or the first language of love, if you will.  And the companion that was talking to the Prophet ﷺ said to the Prophet ﷺ, he said, Ya Rasulullah, I love that man, I love that man. And the Prophet ﷺ said to him, Have you told him? Have you told him that you love him? And the companion responded, No, I haven't. And so the Prophet ﷺ said, Go tell him. Go tell him that you love him. So our Prophet ﷺ was encouraging the spreading of telling each other of words of affirmation. He was spreading, encouraging us to have words of affirmation with each other. We also know in the hadith on the authority of Abu Hurra, where the Prophet ﷺ said, A good word is a charitable act. A good word is a charitable act. You can get a good deed for saying, I love you to someone, for having words of affirmation with each other. Subhanallah. The second language of love, number two, the second language of love, they say, the experts say it's quality time. It's quality time. In order to start to fall in love with someone, you need to spend time with them. You need to be in their presence. You need to feel their ha, their energy. You need to converse with them, right? You need to be with them close. So this is the second language of love. And we know from the Shamal of the Prophet ﷺ that he gave everybody quality time. He was one of the most busiest people ever, but he always gave people time. All of the Sahaba felt that he would give them special time. We know that when he shook somebody's hand, the Prophet ﷺ was never the first to let go. When he shook somebody's hand, he was never the first to let go. Subhanallah. He's a busy man. The Prophet ﷺ was a busy man. You would expect him to be in a rush to move on to the next thing, but he would never be the one to be the first to let go. Subhanallah. Subhanallah. The third language of love is receiving gifts. Receiving gifts. In order to fall in love with somebody, you give them gifts and you receive gifts from them, and this brings people close. This is what the experts say. The Prophet ﷺ said in Hadith on the authority of Abu Huraydah that give each other gifts and you will love each other. Give each other gifts and you will love each other. Subhanallah. The Prophet ﷺ so many years ago was already giving us this advice to give each other gifts, to bring the hearts closer together and to instill love. The fourth language of love is acts of service. Is acts of service. Doing something for someone. Being there for someone. Knowing that if someone has a hard time with a certain thing and you're good at it, then you take care of it for them. The Prophet ﷺ said in authentic Hadith, As-iid-u-rijali khadimahum. The master of the people is their servant. The master of the people is their servant. Again, encouraging us to be in the service of our brothers and sisters, to be in the service of the ummah. And lastly, the last language of love is physical touch. After you've gone through the first four languages, finally you reach this point of physical touch, of being close to somebody physically. Being with them, hugging them, holding them. And we know from the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ, we know that all of his wives, but especially Aisha radiya allahu anha, talked about how the Prophet ﷺ was close to her physically. When the Prophet ﷺ, at the time of the Prophet ﷺ, there were some people, some performers that came from out of town. And Aisha radiya allahu anha wanted to go see them. And so when the Prophet ﷺ said, okay, let's go. And he took her to go watch these performers and she narrates that she, the Prophet ﷺ was standing there, was sitting and she was standing and she put her chin and her cheek next to the Prophet ﷺ and they were cheek to cheek, cheek to cheek and they were close to each other. SubhanAllah. So we just went through the five love languages, the five languages of love and we explained how the Prophet ﷺ encouraged these love languages ahead of his time, as usual, salallahu alayhi wa sallam. But there is another way that these languages of love are connected to us. There's another way that these languages of love are connected to our relationship with Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala. These love languages are directly connected to the five pillars of Islam. They're directly connected to the five pillars of Islam. SubhanAllah, these experts have laid out what needs to be done in order to fall in love and we see that in the five pillars of Islam, these are connected. Essentially, we can think of the five pillars of Islam as what Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala, wants us to do in order to have a relationship with him. In order to have a relationship with Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala, we need to fulfill the five pillars of Islam. So what's the first pillar of Islam? The first pillar of Islam is the testimony of faith. Ashadu an la ilaha illallah wa ashadu anna Muhammadur Rasulallah.  This is the first pillar of Islam. The first language of love was words of affirmation. SubhanAllah, SubhanAllah, amazing. In the first pillar of Islam, you are affirming with your words, your belief in Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala and his messenger, Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. The second pillar of Islam is the five daily prayers. What is the five daily prayers? Quality time. It's quality time with Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala. And the second language of love was quality time. Before the pandemic, when many of us were working in person and we were working in the office and you had meetings back to back and you had hectic schedule, it didn't matter. You had to find that corner in the office and you had to pray your doha namaz and you had to give that time to Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala. You had to give that quality time to Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala. That is the second pillar of Islam and how it is connected to the second language of love. The third language of love or the third pillar of Islam is fasting. The third pillar of Islam is fasting. The third love language is acts of service. Fasting is the ultimate act of service. Fasting is the ultimate act of service, Subhanallah. You're giving away, you're staying away from the halal even just because Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala told you to do so. This is the highest form of service, Subhanallah. And then the fourth pillar of Islam is the Qat. The fourth pillar of Islam is the Qat. The fourth language of love was receiving gifts. We know that Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala cannot receive gifts from us physically. No one is saying that. But when you're giving Zakat, you're giving a gift to the ummah of the Prophet, Subhanallah wa ta'ala. You're giving a gift to Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala's nation to help them, to help those that are less fortunate than you with your financial ability, Subhanallah. And then lastly, the last pillar of Islam is Hajj. The last pillar of Islam is Hajj and the last language of love is physical touch. Hajj, brothers and sisters, is a physical journey we must take. Nobody is saying that you can Astaghfirullah, touch Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala or something like Astaghfirullah. That's not what we're saying here. But Hajj is a physical journey. You can't do Hajj in Pleasanton, California. You can't do Hajj here. You have to go to modern-day Saudi Arabia and you have to do Tawafir on the Kaaba and you have to run between Safan Marwah and you have to, et cetera, et cetera. It's physical. You have to do the physical part, Subhanallah. So this is how the five languages of love are directly tied to the five pillars of Islam. And the five pillars of Islam are what Allah, Subhanahu wa ta'ala is asking us to do in order to have a proper relationship with him. So brothers and sisters, let's change.


Winston Edmondson here with SiliconANGLE Studio B, speaking with Jim Anthony of Verizon Terramark. Jim wanted to find out a little bit about your eCloud offerings. Hi Winston. Yeah, so eCloud is short for our product that we call Enterprise Cloud. It's actually been around in the market for about five years. We developed it as a result of an older platform that we had for managed hosting that we used to call InfiniStructure. So one of the things that we built into the platform was the idea that customers would have the ability to log into a console, build and destroy virtual machines at will, and then actually do a programmatic configuration of firewalls and load balancers as well. How have customers received this? You said it's been around for about five years, but how have customers been receiving it? It's been very popular. We're on a rapid application development methodology. We roll out new features and functions about every six weeks for the platform. We have a backlog of features that customers have requested, and we just keep rolling through time with it. It doesn't do everything for everybody, but it does do a lot of things for a lot of interesting customers. So it's a very big part of our business and something that just about everyone that works for me really is able to demonstrate and show off and talk about. I did notice that there were some new enhancements that you rolled out recently. Tell us a little bit about the new enhancements. So we've recently rolled out some features such as IPv6 support. We've done some things with load balancing, distributing load across multiple data centers, distributing access points for our customers for more reliable access to the environment as well. We've recently enhanced the APIs, so every single function that you see in the console itself is also available through API calls, so you can programmatically do things within the environment. We've enhanced the security features that are built into the platform as well, whether they're security that surrounds the cloud platform or security that the individual users and groups of users that sign up to use it can take advantage of. Sometimes customers, it takes them being told that they need a solution, then of course they'll reflect and discover maybe they really do need it. Talk to the customers that you've seen, which industries really benefit from this type of service. That's really a great question. So the platform is actually designed to address needs of enterprise customers. These are customers that usually have large data centers, large existing applications, significant investments that have already been made in these applications and the infrastructure they run on, but they're running into one barrier or another, whether it's a talent barrier with their own human resources, or it's a space capacity, or it's an intermittent use capacity, spikes in utilization and things like that that they just can't handle anymore. So there's a wide variety of use cases that fit the model very well. One of the really unique features of the platform is that we put the idea of oversubscription into the customer's hands. So we give them the ability to actually buy a fixed amount of resources and then oversubscribe those resources and when necessary, take advantage of unused capacity on the platform that they didn't necessarily buy up front. Now tell us a little bit. You are a seasoned player in this space, but there are a lot of companies that are trying to get in the space. How does your service differentiate itself amongst all the competition? So this is where I usually pull my hands out of my pocket and start naming things, right? Just to keep it nice and polite. So the first thing to think about is that cloud is built on infrastructure like every other application that runs in the world. It's on physical real infrastructure. Hello, we're at EMC World, right? So that's one of the things to think about. So we architect the platform the way a lot of our commercial customers would architect the platform if they were going to build one for themselves. So it's got all those same features, name brand hardware, name brand hypervisors, features and functions that are available through all those hardware vendors. So that's one critical component. The other thing to think about is the cloud is only as good as where it's deployed, right? So if it's in a data center that gets knocked over by weather or is experienced earthquakes or whatever, you know, you've got an issue there. So we deploy the cloud platforms in very robust locations that are built to withstand hurricanes if they're in Miami, earthquakes if they're in California and so on and so forth. Another thing to think about is the internet connectivity to that cloud platform. If the internet is not available for some reason, what good is the cloud platform for you or your end users? So internet connectivity is a major focus for all of our deployment locations. We use multiple vendors and bundle that connectivity together and make it available to the customers. Fantastic. Now for viewers that are watching and they have that aha moment and they think, I need that, what's the best way for them to get in touch with you? So the easiest thing to remember is you can go to the website, which is theinterpricecloud.com, or you can drop an email in to sales at terremark.com and we'll get somebody to reach out to you and figure out how to supply some needs or some services to your needs. Fantastic. Thanks for stopping by Jim Anthony. Studio B, have a good one.


up a little bit this morning and let Madame Betsy go first over here. Yes. So that she can go and do some conducting this morning. Just imagine Mickey Mouse in the middle of Fantasia. Or Harry Potter, which is what they're actually going to be playing. Oh, nice. Big Harry Potter medley. All right, go for it, Betty. Betty? Who's Betty? All right, everyone. So let me go. My tip of the week is how to upload a photo to G2G because you know that we here at the Saturday Roundup live cast love the photos. So there are two places where you can put them. One is the free space page. So February, the theme is homes. And this is, this is, let's see, I am not on the free space page. I'm going to go to the free space page. Okay. Am I successfully there? You are. Yes, great. So you can post them here. And that's wonderful. And we always go through this. However, there's, there's no way to let us know the story behind the photos. And sometimes that's, that's really the magic of the photo is being able to share that. So the place to do that is to also post your photo in the G2G thread.  Sorry. Share screen. Okay. This is one of my ancestors. And I've, I have a photo up here of him of his, of his house, his home. So when I go here, you can see that I've already put it to the home's free space page. What I'm going to do is I'm going to where is this? Where is this picture? Yeah. This is on it on the profile of Daniel Redwood. Where Chipping, Chipping, Sudbury Gloucestershire. Oh, oh yes. Chipping, Sudbury, small, small market town in South Gloucestershire. She is going to mention that GSL. We, yeah, she knows about the comment on the image page, but on that space page, it doesn't really show up very easily when you're going through it. So there you go. Okay. Yes. So what I'm going to do, you just go to where the photo, in order to post to G2G, it already needs to be somewhere else on WikiTree. Okay. So a profile or the free space page either would work. And so here what I'm going to do is I'm going to just copy the image address.  Is that right mags to copy the image address? What I usually do is scroll down and actually grab the URL from the WikiTree information down on the right. Down on the right. There you go. Yeah. Or you can grab it from the URL at the very top. Oh, okay. All right. So now that I have that in my clipboard, I'm going to go back to the G2G post. I'm going to answer the post. Step number one, click on the little photo icon. And then you're going to paste the URL in there. My favorite part of this whole process is the Latin that comes up. It took four years of Latin in high school. So now next you go to the width. Now you're going to start to see your picture, but it's way, way, way too big. 500 is probably going to be more than you want. I start with 300 actually looks pretty good. I only ever play with width. The height kind of just adjusts itself. If you want, well, if you want to get really fancy and adjust the photo left or white within the post, your answer, you can do that down here. I'm just going to leave that be. And there's my photo. Then I'm going to be right back. I'm going to another tab and I'm going to grab, I pre-wrote my text that I'm going to add with this. And then there's my text. See if I can meet in the stuff a little bit. I have a question. What if you need to source a photo? What if this isn't one of your own personal photos? Ah, okay. Well, that's a great question. Remember that we're on wiki tree. We are very, very respectful of copyright privileges. So you shouldn't be using a photo that's of course that's copyrighted, or that is, if it's not yours, you need to have permission from somebody. What about Google Earth or something like that? That's a good question about. I don't know about Google Earth. I know that you can go to creative comments where things are explicitly have been given permission to be used and on other sites. And that's where I stick to that or personal photos or photos where I have written permission from the owner of the photo. And then I put that on the image description. Like if it's something from Ancestry, I will communicate with the Ancestry user. And then I will put on our wiki tree page used with permission of Ancestry user Smith 10. Great job. So I just had a quick Google search on Google Earth images. And as long as you attribute it properly, you can use it. You can use Google Earth images. Great. It's good to know. Thanks, Sarah. It's like a free product. And no additional permission.  See what kind of things we learn in our Saturday life. That's great. Yes, yes. Okay, so this is how it's going to look. I'm going to add the answer and then ta-da. Nice. Yes. That was good. Yeah, thanks. I'm reading the comments. Yes. Hey, Kiki. She doesn't look very happy about you waving her arm, though. She's very happy. That's funny. So that's the tip of the week. Tip of the week from Betsy Coe, who will be doing another Zoom meeting this or you're going to be doing something else this week, right? No, that was last weekend, the first weekend of every month. The first weekend of every month, she's going to be talking about new years of tips. So you can check that out. And Betsy's going to be taking off so she can go and pretend that she's conducting an orchestra. Nice. Not pretending she's really going to be conducting an orchestra here shortly, so. Doing her own magic. Yes. Doing her own magic. Oh, look at Kiki's another... What was Kiki? Yeah, that was... Was he conducting? No. Oh, that's good. Displeased. We know he's... I'm going around. Go ahead. Say goodbye and I will watch you later. All right. Bye. Bye. Betsy. Oh, I'm going to jump straight into the question of the week for everybody. And also, also real quick, I put a post-op of the hashtag for the video series that I'm doing. What are you getting ready for? What are you getting ready? What are you doing to get ready for RootsTech? And if you follow this tag on Facebook, you will be able to see all of those videos.  So you can see that one too. So I'm going to post that up for just a second so you can catch up on those videos. You know me. They're not... They're serious, but they're not, you know? So the question of the week, we have a great question of the week this week. Let me get in line. Can I interrupt you real quick, Megs? Please do. So what... I don't know if this person's named GSL. I don't know if there's a name attached to this person, but he said that they don't necessarily need to be on WikiTree to post it on G2G, as long as you have an image URL link to it. Thank you very much. So thank you. Question of the week. So the question of the week is what favorite family discovery have you made in your research? You people wrote some novels. I was like going on vacation and sitting at the cottage and looking at the water and reading these novels.  What is your favorite discovery you made in your research? And I have a favorite answer, but I'm not going to show it yet. I loved this one. I worked with a fifth cousin to prove our community ancestors who they were. The key was a South Carolina will that acknowledged the fatherhood of several mixed race children and granted them the proceeds of his estate to gain their freedom via the recolonization project for the 1840s. I have no idea what that was. So of course I googled it. And on Wikipedia, because Wikipedia is always right, there's a really interesting article that says the American colonization society was an organization founded in 1816 to encourage and support the migration of freeborn blacks and emissated slaves to the continent of Africa. And so it's interesting to watch, to read through this, she talks about the kids going to boarding schools in New Hampshire and showing up in census reports. So I'm assuming they didn't get back to Africa. But I was watching a show last night with Samuel L. Jackson and Rihanna of the Carolina chocolate drops. And they were talking about the recolonization effort. So obviously there's a thread running through some of the stuff that I was watching. It's called Enslaved, the name of the show that Samuel L. Jackson is doing. It's a really good show. It has lots of fun archaeology and genealogy. So if you want to watch that, Erin Bain says there are family rumors that a great grandfather had another family in South Africa or India. And she discovered that yes, indeed he had another family in South Africa. It was his brother's family. Just not, you know, he didn't have another wife. So this one, I'm going to wait and show you the picture. Hold on a second. This is from Alexis Nelson, who always uses great content for our Saturday morning. We should have her on so she can like talk about her own content.  Her tail was up right behind you.  Before doing serious genealogy in 2017, I never made the effort to find anything out about my father in World War II. And if you have veterans in your family, I have veterans in my family. And one of them talked about it a lot, my grandfather. My other veteran in my family never talks about the worse that he was in. So finding letters and war records were kept in a box, no bigger than a box. Might keep a pair of boots in and she seldom opened it. My mother had mentioned that my father's best friend was a tail gunner on a B-29 and they were both killed when the plane was shot down. In doing research, I found the tail gunner, Charles Markowitz. Therefore, with more research, I was able to find his younger brother, Joel. And this bond that I made with Joel has been very special. And a writer is doing a book about our meeting. How fun is that, Alexis? Okay. So all this story, it's a wonderful story. We know these people were flyers. So here's a picture of Alexis and Joel. Does anybody notice anything? Maybe it's not big enough for you to see. But let me see if I can zoom. There's something above them. Yes. There's a plane above them. There's a plane. And I don't know, even though that Alexis realizes that there's a plane right here, you can't tell what kind of plane it is. But in my mind's eye, it's a B-52 bomber. That's right. A B-29. Isn't that funny? I bet Alexis hadn't even noticed that. And it's perfect. That's a very cool place right between their heads. Yeah. Right there, right there. Yeah. All right. Let me see if I can make this bigger. Will that make the picture bigger? I don't know. There we go. So if you right, if you right click it, Mags, right click it, right click the image. Yeah. Open image in new tab. That first one. That first. Yeah. And then. Then it's even bigger. And it was there. You already opened it. I did. Oh, there it is. Oh, and I can make it even bigger. But yeah, see, there's some, isn't that cool? Very cool. That is very cool. So now I have to go back. It could also be Superman. I think it's a plane. I think it's, I think that there's Kismet going on here. Well, this was, if this was a Christmas special, that would be the B-52 coming back in time with their fathers on it. Yes. Absolutely. So yeah, that, isn't that a cool picture of Alexis? That's very cool. There's always something fun. And lots of people love the picture. And I don't even know if anybody noticed the plane and commented on it. I didn't read all of the comments. Like I said, I spent like two days reading all of the posts. It's been fabulous. Let's see. Let me buzz on down here. Oh, I like this one too. After 40 plus years of research, I've had many wonderful discoveries. My favorites, says Greg Lamberson, however, is finding out that my ancestor, David B. Lee, was not only an attorney, but also an inventor and air balloon pilot, 1792 to 1836, very early. So he corresponded with Thomas Jefferson about traveling through the atmosphere and even petition Congress for the rights to the airspace above the U.S. How fun is that? And so he's got a WordPress blog about that. You can check that out and go over and check out that and look at the airship. It looks like from a Monty Python movie, the way that this thing is. So check that out. That's fun. I always love sharing other people's stuff. Star Climb was really excited about it, as was Marion's Rudy. Finding out Elizabeth Laffer received her rightful place in his family tree on Wiki Tree upon my discovery of her name on a marriage record of her daughter. So finding out somebody's name was a big one. Another thing, let's see. Oh, that's right. Died from eating mushrooms. Sorry. Finding out the K. Smith. And this is not Kitty Smith. I was doing some research on that. We were thinking this might be Kitty Smith. I don't think it is. Somebody died from eating mushrooms. That was an interesting one. Amazingly, there were a couple of people who said that they had discovered that their family was in the circus. Oh, let's see. Oh, and here's another one. Lady Godiva. Like chocolate Godiva? Yeah. Look at Kiki now. Oh my goodness. Yeah. She's got a shawl on. Yeah, that's right. It's a boa. She's my parrot. Yes. Lady Godiva, that's Jamie Johnson, found out that she's her 30th great-grandparent. Wow. And if Betsy was still here. Yes. That my grandchildren related to Antonio Luisa Brico, the first female conductor of the New York Philharmonic. Oh, gone. Oh, man. Yeah, that's from Peter Vandenberg. Abolutionists. Circus folks. Here we go. Circus folks. I discovered one of my great-grand aunts, Mamie Howie, married a man named Miles Orton, whose family started the Orton Brother Circus in Portage, Wisconsin in the 1800s. How cool. It actually said circus performer. As an occupation. Yeah, isn't that crazy? That's wild. So we had. Who could join the circus? That's from John Vaskey. He's one of our regular Saturday people, too. I like this one now. I say I'm Desjardins. You have one of my family names, so Desjardins. I like exploring admixtures in ancient DNA because people were talking about making discoveries because they had done DNA testing. On one side, I was surprised that it said I was related to the Arpad dynasty. This led me back to Wiki Tree, and I was surprised to see that not only am I 33rd great-granddaughter of Arpad of Hungary, but also the 47th great-granddaughter, Attila Lahan.  You found out my great-grand-uncle saying at the Coronation of the King. That's pretty cool. That's very cool. Circus performers found out stories about wars. This is the best question they answer the week. This is it. Wiki Tree is one of my favorite. This is from Stephen and Harris. My favorite discovery was Wiki Tree. I was doing research for years, but it never really clicked for me, and I never really understood the importance of documenting sources or providing anything other than relations until I stumbled upon Wiki Tree because Wiki Tree is such a great collaborative site. Stephen Harris was able to bump up his game. There you go. I'm going to jump on over to the next one that I had picked out, Discovering a Family Bible. This particular one belonged to Marty Frunk. While going through the family home of my grandfather, I came upon the Family Bible that my great-uncle brought when he immigrated from Sweden. It's about nine inches thick. Wow. That's pretty big. That's pretty big. It contains gorgeous calligraphy and artwork throughout. It also has pictures of his parents inside. I mean, that's like a discovery on top of a discovery, like Kiki's on top of Sharon's. Let's see. Oh, yeah. This is another fun one. Years ago, a distant cousin, a mutual friend, and I went on a genealogical research trip day, day trip for the day at a local history society on the way home. We were discussing what we had found. When I mentioned Finding the Marriage Record for my fourth great-grandparents, which gave me the name of my fourth great-grandfather's father, the mutual friend asked if he was the one who was the Pennsylvania Fracture Artist. What is a Fracture Artist? I'm going to show you and I'm going to show you her grandfather's drawing. This is from the Winterthur Museum and this is Johan Conrad Gilbert. How fun is that? His art is like everywhere. How cool is that? That's pretty darn cool. That was a really cool discovery that somebody made. That was my second voice. Then all the circus performers were third. There were lots of DNA discoveries people were talking about. There's lots of great stuff. Go and check out The Question of the Week and you will find out lots of great information. I'm going to go ahead and hand this off. Okay. I'll take the baton and we'll talk about the challenge of the week and the profiles of the week. The profiles of the week are actually a mixed bag this week. They chose three people who were born on February 8th, which was the day that the Wednesday newsletter came out. Then the rest are seven profiles from the seven-by-seven challenge, the third wiki-tui challenge of the year, and the OPS stands for one-place studies. And so these seven people were the key seven people from seven one-place studies that were done. Let's see if I can do this right here. I'm going to go through them starting with the birthdays. But before I do that, let me show you like I have on previous weeks the map. I'm using wiki-tui plus to do the maps now that that's working for me. I said last week I was going to show you how I did it, but I didn't really come back and do that. So here's the trick is you go into wiki-tui plus, and it opens by default with the suggestion tabs open, but I want to close that up and go into search. And then in the text search, I put all of the profile IDs of the people who I want to make a map of. So I just go from here, this list, and I find the wiki-tui ID of each of the people. And you can copy that from their profile page, because there's a little button you just have to click on ID to copy it. And then in front of that, you use the keyword wiki-tui ID equals, and then that will find those people. Hit the get profiles that list them here. And then when you click on the profile map, this link here, it will automatically do a search. It tells you, okay, it found 11 people. And if you hover over those people, you see there the locations get highlighted on the maps. You see, I'm hovering over George Wallace, so you will see. He was your closest. He was my closest? Yes. Oh, how cool is that? I wonder if that's why he's first on the list. I don't know. 17 degrees. That's pretty close. I don't know if he has a cut. Just looks like he went to Canada anyway, so that makes sense. He did go to Canada. Yeah, because he died in Ontario. He died in Reach.  Yeah, so that makes sense. Now, interesting, the place he died is no longer, there is no longer in Ontario County in the province of Ontario. It got split into two simple counties, but he's actually, that's actually fairly close to my house or my area. But if I move to here, you get James Dean, his birth and death location, and there's Lana Turner, who we'll be talking about. But and then there's another, but having over John and I don't see that arrow because he's over in England, so I'm going to have to zoom out a bit and go across. So all of the profiles this week are basically North America and United Kingdom.  But whereas the last couple of weeks, we focused on just one little country, one, well, one country, some of Canada wasn't that little, but this week they're a little more spread out. So that's kind of neat. So going through the birthdays, the first person who was born on February 8th is James Dean, James Byron Dean, born in 1931, Marion Grant County, Indiana. And as many people know, passed away on the 30th of September 1935 at only at age 24 in California. You're 20 from him, Sarah. Okay. And Greg, you are, I have to find them. Oh, 21. 21. So he only made three films. And yet he's became a cultural icon. I like here. He symbolized the brooding unrest that's simmered inside this generation. You could say that for every youthful generation. Yeah, that's right. I'm sure there's been brooding unrest everywhere. George Washington's children, they were all brooding, right? Yeah. But anyways, someone said his good looks didn't, well, it didn't, I'm paraphrasing his good looks didn't hurt either. But tragically, his life ended when he was driving his Porsche, which he named Little Bastard, which is why that's called I don't know if I can say that out loud, but it's written there. So I'm just reading the text. I don't think that that's yeah, I think he actually has it had it engraved and put on his on his Porsche title that way. But in an accident, someone was making a left hand turn in front of him. And he ran into at a full speed and he died instantly. It's very sad. And the accident occurred just before the release of Rebel Without a Cause. So that just made it even more famous. I'm pretty sure. Interestingly enough, the person who did run into him has a profile on WikiTree. He did not go to jail. He was not actually charged at being at fault. There was no official finding a fault. And his family was able to he only did one interview the day after the crash. And his family saved him basically from all the spotlight that and all the negative fallout that would have happened because because I mean, yeah, it would be hard to happen this day in time. Oh, there's no way he would have been toast. But the other interesting thing from the profile, it said that there's a curse on his car. So not only did he die in it, of course, which, you know, his work is bad. But the curse, the curse came a week before he passed away. He met, where is it here? He met someone, he met Obi-Wan Kenobi at a restaurant, Alec Guinness. And outside of the restaurant, he showed him his car. Guinness said that the car had a sinister appearance and said if you get in that car, you'll be found dead in it by this time next week. Seven days later, lo and behold. Oh my gosh, I never heard that story. Wow, there's some major force, dark force happening there. Yeah, we got that. But not only that, oh, it goes on. So the person who did the detailing on it, bought the carcass and it soon it slipped off its trailer and broke a mechanics leg. And then parts of it and it goes on and on and people who have like little pieces of the car, bad things were happening to them, it's wild. So I'll get distracted and we'll take up the whole rest of the podcast. About the curse of Littlest. So go to the James Dean profile and click on the thing to just to go through all the details of the curse, it's wild. I just want to interject here that Joe Mama's here. I know, I saw. People were asking about her and then now she's here. Hey Joanna, how are you doing? Okay, the next person who was born on February the 8th is John Ruskin. He was born in the London borough of Camden, great London, son of James Ruskin and Margaret Cox. And he died on the 20th of January 1900 at the age of 80. He was an interesting character. He was a leading he was an art critic of the Victorian era, an art patron, the addressman, water colorist, a prominent social thinker and philanthropist. And he wrote books on subjects as various geology, architecture, myth, or mythology, the study of birds, literature, education, botany, and political economy. So he really, like he covered everything like the whole spectrum, which is really interesting. He was born, this is where he was born in this complex here in the far right would have been the number 54 where he was born, was educated in Oxford, took three attempts to actually convocate and then it goes on about his publications. His marriage was not very successful. But he did some he did some art critic work, was famous for promoting the theory that which was taken up by the Victorian area, that truth and beauty and religion were all intertwined. And so the fallacy that you know, someone is someone who's beautiful must be truthful or all those positive connotations when it's not always, well, I would say that that's not always necessarily, they're not always necessarily partnered with each other, but very interesting, very well done, and very prolific profile, which goes through a lot of details of his life. So I would highly recommend reading that to find out more. And the last person who's a famous person that they've decided to profile because she was born on February the eighth is Julia Jean Mildred Francis Turner, more commonly known as Lana Turner, born in 1921 in Idaho. And what's that? She's my closest. She's your closest. Neat. Oh, she's my cousin. Six times removed. 17 degrees from me and she is my seventh cousin. Way closer. Yeah. Look at that. Wow. And she passed away at the age of 74 in Los Angeles County. But so she was a famous movie star in the in the 40s. A lot of people looks like she had seven marriages. Only four of her husbands are documented here in the or have wiki tree profiles. So there are three that we that someone should do. Just putting it out there. And it goes through. But she is her marriages were sort of like Mayflies. They didn't last very long at all. The first one went from February to August of 1940. The second person she married twice because she married and then divorced because he wasn't fully divorced from his first wife. So that had to be annulled. So more than a divorce. Well, yeah, I guess. Yes. That's right. So it was annulled. It wasn't so but she did have to marry him twice. And then the second marriage went from March 43 to August 44. And then the third marriage lasted four years. So she's good. And then but none of them lasted really super long, which is very sad. And she died at 74. And I think it was cancer of some sort. It's said down here in her I think. But anyway, she was very famous film actress and the love for that. Known as the was the sweater. Sweater lady or sweater girl or something like that. The sweater girl. There we go. Was one of her nicknames in a famous pen up. So then yeah, yeah. And that pen up was in lots and lots and lots and lots and lots of care packages that was sent by and walkers. And yes, yeah, that's right. That's right. So the next group are all from one place studies. And so this is the the challenge tree for this from the Society of One Place Studies. They chose there are seven one place studies that they were highlighting and they chose one person from each of those one place studies. And I actually have another map here for you. This is the map and all those black dots on that map are places that have one place studies on wiki tree. Wow. That's pretty wild. It looks like almost the full United States film. That's right. Yeah. Now if I zoom in, let's see if this I don't know if this is going to work or not. Oh, and yeah, it looks like it will. Okay, that's good. Or what's taken at swat time to redraw. There we go. So there's still a few places. There's a few places here that don't have one place studies. So if you haven't got one places may not have places. Populated areas. Yeah, but look at yeah. So yeah, it looks like a good chunk of the US. And this is southern Ontario right here where my cursor is flying. I don't know if you can see that. Um, heavily covered. Yeah.  So that's pretty cool. I saw someone nice Iceland I think. The Azores have the Azores have one. Yeah. Look at Iceland has at least six that I can tell. Where's the Azores there? The island. Nope, there. Is that the Azores there? Yeah, I think so. Yeah, cool. Anyways, oh, we got to get some one place studies. Oh, there we go. There. I was like England doesn't have anyone. Oh, yeah, yeah, England. And look at this. The the coast. Oh, that's is that answer. So this is Netherlands, right? As you're saying those aren't the studies. Those aren't studies. The she said the map. It's not the map for the place studies. Those must be the profiles of people in place studies. I went. Well, let's see. I went to I'll show you how I got there. I went to the help page for wiki tree plus for the tech search because that's I wanted to see if there was a way I could I could search for one place days. She's giving you the one place study. There you go. Grab that. Got it. Grab it from the chat. Okay. Oh, I have to move my cursor over to the right screen. Oh, no, I don't want to hide it. I just want to grab it. Ah, do I need to just type it? I might just have to type it in. Okay. Okay. Oh, now I lost. That's pretty funny. What's that? That that people are never afraid of correcting us. That is good. But I followed a link from the wiki tree plus. So that's that says you have to add calm and then another back. Oh, I see. Paris. Five four three nine slash off smash forward slash calm forward slash. Yeah, I've got it here. Okay. Well, I was following the link that that Alessia put in the help. So it could still be the same one. There could have been 95 dots there and 150 dots in that section. Let's let's compare. That is a prettier map. Oh, it's much prettier map. It is pretty. So you can find it if you go to the project page, you can find this map. Right. Is there one for Island McGee Ireland just just blow up Ireland. I tell you. No, here. Nope. Yeah, I don't see one. I'm going to have to do one for Island McGee. You're going to have to do one. I am. You are. Okay. To be living in Island McGee right now. Right. Okay. Well, um, here we are on something new on wiki tree every Saturday morning. Yes. So I would suggest I would say azure's right, but I'm right too in that this is still a map of the one place studies, but it's just not it's the one that wiki tree gives us which is not as pretty as the one that azures. So azures more right, but I'm more right. I was calling the link that you know posted. So anyways, we will move on. So Charles Bullock. He's one of the one place studies and he his one place study was some Lexington Oxfordshire, England, part of the lecture. And so if you open up that page for Lexington Oxfordshire, one place study, you'll get information about so first of all, they need to study coordinator. So if you're around that area and like to help out with that, I'm sure that people people would like to do that. Nice little picture here. Thanks, Chris. History of the place. And then there's some some other place where you can fill out more about that. And if you go to the category for black children, you can see the list of all the profiles that are attached to that place. Um, and back here, what I like about the the stickers that they put on them is that you can actually that photo that's on on the one place study page becomes part of the sticker. How cool is that? That is really cool. Isn't that cool? That is really cool. I thought I thought that that really appealed to me. Anyways, way to go, Hillary. Good stuff. So Charles, born November 1822. Um, he died. He was born. He died when he was born. He was born first, then he died, but they both happened in Lexington. You almost made me spit coffee out. Born before the third of November because that's when he was Christian. So this is a case of where you have the baptismal record, but you don't have the official birth record because they probably it probably wasn't an official birth record or they're just hard to find. Uh, and so, and then there's obviously some census records there, list children and what not, and then all the sources, lots of sources. Look at that, which is very cool. Um, then moving on from Charles and Lexington, we moved to Roseanne Holton from Quebec. Uh, she was born in 1865 before Canada became Canada in 1867. So just before, so she was born in San Gabriel de Valcazie in Canada East or Bacanada, lower Canada. As it would have been known if you were a French speaker, though, looking at her parents' names, John Holton and Catherine Sweeney were her parents. So she made, it doesn't say here whether she grew up being an English speaker, a French speaker, but my guess is looking at her ancestors, Holton and Sweeney O'Reilly, is that she would be an English speaker in Quebec. But probably she was bilingual. Most people, many people were um, to survive because, because of the combination. But um, and there's the person who designed this, Roe, um, created their own website for um, Valcazie genealogy. You're pretty close to her too, Greg. Yeah, well, I'm not surprised. Um, because I'm related to many people from Quebec, if they have Quebecois lines, French Canadian lines. Twenty three degrees. Okay. Uh, not official cousins though, it doesn't work. No. No. She was born and, born on the 14th and baptized on the 21st of July in the San Gabriel Quebecois Catholic Church. Um, and she was the, um, she married Patrick Cassin later, and then it has some, a census record as well. And again, lots of records here. So, nicely done. And so that profile is, is part of the Valcazie, San Gabriel de Valcazie, uh, one place study. We're so glad we have you here for now, so all that stuff. Well, it's fun. So, I would be butchering everything. Well, I might be too, but I'm just doing it with Panache. You're doing it with confidence. Exactly. William Edward Manley is the next profile, and he is from the Port of Hulse Society Sailors Orphan Home, one place study. So, this is interesting. This is one that's not based on a, a city or a town, but actually of a, an individual, like an actual home, like just one building basically, or, or organization that took in orphans. His story is rather sad. He was the son of a fisherman, John Manley, and his mother was Marianne Gregory, born, born 1867 on the 10th of August, and baptized 13th of November, 1867. His family left Essex when he was young, moved to Hull, Yorkshire. His father was still a fisherman on the Vessel Vary. His father died, actually drowned in 1875. And he, the mother seemed unable to cope because they had a big family. And so he and his younger brother were sent to live in the, the Port of Hull Society Sailors Orphan Home, which is very, you know, so that's where he, he basically grew up there. And he did become a fisherman himself. And he was, when he was married, when he was married, or the census right before he was married, because he was married in 91, and the census was just before then, he was living with his sister, Louisa, in her house in Hull. So, so this one place study would be all about people who lived or grew up in that orphan's home. And as, I just posted that, as is saying that, or as you're sorry, as you're saying that she's going to be featuring this on the One Place Study one. This study, this one right here? That's apparently. Very cool. Nice. Okay. Well, I won't go into any more details. You have to tune into Azure for that. Good. But I thought that was interesting, you know, that a One Place Study doesn't have to be just a town, you know, which is what you think of, or at least. It could be a house. Well, it could be a house study, but it could be a One Place Study for the house. Yes. Well, wasn't Betsy saying that she was doing a One Place Study for a specific apartment building? Her grandfather's house, yeah. I've heard some people do like street studies. Oh yeah, our neighborhood study. Neat. Neat. Sarah Monksfield, born in the 3rd of January, 1820 in St. Leonard's, Shoreditch in Middlesex, England. And that is the only official record that they have, is the birth and baptismal record of her. But this one has a lot, has some research notes, things that they found. And so there's details there, but they just haven't, the records just don't exist, or they don't, we're not sure where they go from here. And that's part of the Shoreditch Middlesex One Place Study. And that is a, so it is a, it's a district in the east end of London. So again, not a full city, just a district apart. It should have lots of people on it because that's a busy point. I would think it would. I'd have to go somewhere else to find the list of all those that are connected to them. Then we have Elspeth Duncan, or Elspeth Smith, born daughter of Alexander Smith and Anne Ross, born in 1837 in Aberdeenshire, Tarvis, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Married twice and passed away at the age of 71 in 1908. And she's part of the Tarvis Aberdeenshire One Place Study. She had a son with George Melvin before she was married and then she did get married and had four children subsequently from there. And again, lots, lots of sources. The people who do this, you know, they, lots of good sources. I love when you see the actual records with the actual handwriting on them. That's, that's very cool. Samuel Heinz Vic is part of the Wilson, North Carolina One Place Study. He was born in 1863 on April 1st. I was gonna say April Fool's Day, but it probably wasn't called April Fool's Day back then. Now I have to look up one April Fool's Day. Yeah, gotta do it, Sarah. When did that become a thing? It was a thing ever since I was in, I was in elementary school, but I don't know when it started. Nash County, North Carolina, and passed away in Wilson, Wilson, North Carolina. So that is the town of Wilson in the county of Wilson? In Wilson County? Yes. On the 8th of July, 1946. He's also part of the Black Heritage Project. He was an educator, a politician, a businessman, a real estate developer, and a church leader. He was born likely enslaved in Nash County, North Carolina. And then his parents were Daniel Vic and Fanny Blount. And that was on a census in 1880. So that would have been after they were freed, right? And then he graduated from Lincoln University. And then he got married, became a school board member of the school board. He became a postmaster for Wilson. So very cool. He even went into real estate. Really neat. I loved how they found all these little details, snippets of his life. You know, he sold a quarter lot for $150. That's kind of neat. That little piece of... Was it his lot or was it part of his real estate venture? Which also is pretty impressive. Yeah, exactly. It's very cool. I have some history about April Fool's Day. And it's been around for a long time. So there's no... It's unknown the origin of April Fool's, but there are theories around it. So there's... So I'm going to name a couple of them. So there's a disputed association between April Fool's and the Foolishness and the Canterbury Tales, which came out in 1392. Oh, my. And then in 1508, a French poet kind of mentioned it. And then there's actually in 1686 there was a ticket to the washing of lions at the Tower of London that they put in a... I think in an ad, so a bunch of people went and they were tricked into going to see the lions washed at the Tower of London. So they got to call it the Fool's Holy Day, April's Fish, or... And then the French, they call it Poisson d'Avril. Oh. That was a good one there. Very good. Poisson d'Avril. Yeah. And I'm sure you've seen the... I always think about the one where they posted a thing of how spaghetti grows on trees. I don't know if you've ever seen that thing. Oh, yeah. Or they had the video, BBC posted a video of how the spaghetti grew on cheese for people, you know. Yeah. Oh, that's funny. It probably did exist when he was born, so. Wow. Well, I take it back. Okay, there we go. Wow, there we go. So the last thing I was... Again, lots of really good research notes added, which is really cool. And Cathy Navar I noticed in the chat was talking about how many profiles were added. And all seven of these people had many profiles. I think the lowest was like 560 some profiles. And some of them were way more like 965. There was a couple that were in the thousand, you know, over a thousand profiles added to lines. So that was very good. This is the last one. The one I'm closest to, like to 17 degrees, George Wallace, born in Aberdeenshire and moved to Ontario. So he's part of two toxic, two one-place studies. So Peter had Aberdeenshire where he was born. And also the Reach County, Reach County, Ontario, one-place study where he moved to. Or did he move or did the county line move? Did the county line... No, I don't think Scotland and Ontario are... I don't think any boundary could confuse those two. Well, I thought you said Reach on Township. Well, it was Reach. It's a Reach. But yeah. So anyways, there's some really good detective work done here in creating. So he was a farm laborer. He was working on a farm and his future wife happened to be working at the same location. And then, lo and behold, they got married. What a shocker. You know, how they got, how they met. And then they moved. Okay, so he arrived in Canada in 1852. First baby was born 1853 and then followed by 12 others. So 13 kids. Wow. But what's really neat is they actually included links to maps, which Ontario has this really neat... Well, Canada actually has this project where it has maps of many of the counties. And so I think this one's 1870, 1880. It's around that time. It'll probably say... It shows the property owners. It shows the property owners. So this is, this is the county.  There's a little creek that runs through it. There's the railway line. And George Wallace is, I had it open here. Let's see. I have to turn my head sideways. Oh, now I've lost where I am now. Okay. He was concession 13. Concession 13, number eight and nine. So it was way over here somewhere. There it is. G Wallace. G Wallace. That's the actual property where he, where his family, and I've got, I've got maps like this where the, where the original Clarks had settled in my area here. So it's very cool resource that we have available, which is neat. And that's it. Over to you. Over to you, Sarah. So, okay. I just want to say that, you know, I was still looking at this Wikipedia article for April Fool's Day. Apparently there's a list of genuine news that happened on April 1st, where people were restaking it as a hoax. On April. So it was like things that people thought were April Fool's hoaxes that were actual news. And there's like a list of those that happened. So that's where they had that on. But two photos. Two photos. No. What? Two of the photos. Two of the photos. Two of the photos. Two of the photos. Two of the photos. Okay. I'll share my screen. While she's getting her stuff up, I have to say that I joined the Appalachia Project Discord channel and it's been so much fun. Biscuits. Okay. I've done everything I was supposed to do. Biscuits and the channel. Okay. So this theme, so if you guys didn't know this year, instead of doing a theme every week, we're doing a theme every month. So this month for the month of February, it's the theme is homes. So we looked at a couple of them that had been posted last week. So we'll look at, I'll scroll through all of them, but we'll focus on the ones we didn't see last week. We saw that one last week. Let's see if we see any animals either. See if we see any, then we just had the three, I think. Oh, and then now we've got Sarah's, or not Betsy's. Betsy's. There's Betsy's. The one that she just posted about. Right.  Penance or whatever. Yeah. The GGG post, I think she wrote details about it. Right. Oh, cool. That looks like a southern house. Yeah. Looks like that. That was probably one of my cousins in Quebec, White County, Tennessee. Jeannine. Yes. Jeannine. Yes. This is her great grandparents house. Sadly, the house was burnt down several years ago. At least they have the photo. Look, there's a cartoon dog, but a dog nonetheless. Wait, there's a cartoon dog. What do you mean? It's a real dog. It's not a real dog. Is that a picture? Is that a drawing? It's like a drawing to me. I think that's a real picture. I think, I see what you're saying.  Or I think maybe the resolution was so poor that it looks like a picture. Or it looks like a cartoon. Yeah. It looks like a cartoon to me. Huh. To me, it does. Get the opinion of the crowd. Yes. What do the viewers think? What do the viewers think? So there's a girl in her, oh, that's a small picture, a girl in her pink sweater almost. Oh, look at that. Well, you could zoom in on that one. I'm trying. That's as far as it goes. You could zoom in on the other one. I could have zoomed in on the other one. Here, let's go back. Yeah. Go back. There we go. Yeah, that's a picture. Huh. It looked like a cartoon. I guess it's a pixelation. Look, there's a dog. The important part of the picture she's already pointed out is that there's a dog in the picture. Yeah. Looks like he's holding one shot. He looks like almost he's holding some kind of tool. Yeah.  Yeah. But the dog is the important part. Yes, that's right. It is the important part of the picture. And that's it. Let's see if there are any, since we just talked about the G2G, let's go look there real quick to see if there's any other pictures or there's some cool stories. Like this one's not on, oh yeah, I guess we saw that house from Alexis. Alexis, yeah. Okay, I'm looking for, oh, we didn't see this one. So, this is a photo of a reunion of Michael and Elizabeth Seyfert, taking in the early 1890s. The house was called Seyfert Row and it was in, doesn't say where the house was, but it says the families who moved to, I think this one's in Illinois, but they took it before they moved to California, I believe. Maybe, but that's one we didn't see. That's one of his favorites. Are there any animals in that one, Sarah? I don't see any. Nope. It might be a bird or a tree. What is the little girl doing in the front? Is she petting a duck? Oh, what is that? Hold on, let's zoom in. I can't tell. Maybe she's looking at the ground. Okay, I think it's a dog. We saw this one. It was burned down several years ago, so. Mm-hmm. There's the dog picture. Dog picture. So, it was published in the church journal. You know, that is called a one and a half story log house, and those are very important structures in Canada, and all of the loyalist homes were constructed that way. And if you drive through parts of Ontario, you can identify the routes that the loyalists took because these crazy cool log houses, that you can't tell their log houses anymore, but you can tell that they were the one and a half story houses all the way through. Horsey bunnies, I saw you get excited. Yeah. Look, there's lots of animals in this one. There's some horses. A puppy. Wow. This is a, I like this photo. Yeah. That's a big house. Yeah, it is. This person is just resting over here. Is that mama? She couldn't walk all the way out. It's such a big picture. Yeah. She looks elderly, doesn't she? Yeah. Look at the vines on the porch. Wow. That's a cool photo. Now, a photo of them staring on that one. I'm sure. Yeah. And you took a photo retouching on that. That would really pop, I think. Yeah. Somebody do that. Somebody grab that picture and do a photo retouching and then repost it. Okay. Oh, this is that one. So, old Barnett, my parents' farm collapsed in the wee hours of the night in May 1965. I hope there weren't any. I was going to say it looks like from the Barn Builders show. Barn Builders. I guess they built that on top of it. Oh, nice. Maybe. Neat. Oh, and a pool. So now it's a pool house. A cement pond. A cement pond. This was probably from Google Earth or Zillow, Chris, maybe. This is a Betsy's post. A little girl in the pink dress. Franklin County, Virginia. And that's all the photos, my friends. We saw some animals this time. We did. And we got to see Kiki wrapped around your neck. That's right. She's on my lap right now. Okay. John Tyner says that he spotted a buzzard on a tree outside his window. So he had nature time today, too. We can look at some of the stuff coming up in the next little bit. We'll try and do that. So let me get my screen share up. We'll start off with the wiki tree G to G, which shows us that we've got some interesting stuff, that policy stuff that Chris has up. Creating profiles for the new system. Have you seen the changes to the family tree profiles? Wiki tree challenge number four is the Freedman Bureau of Friday, the sentence of enslaved communities. Fun. And then, well, it's a great project. Because the more people we identify and we recognize on wiki tree that we're enslaved, the more people are going to find their families. Because wiki tree is so good about that. And then the highlights for the wiki tree challenge for the Society of One Place Studies, which we have covered, I think, quite well this week. So have you seen what's happening around wiki tree? I love Aowyn's gotten this up for us. That's fantastic. Let's see. Today is the 11th. So coming up, the Saturday Sourcing Sprint is going on now. We're going on right now. The Nation's Global Tour Argentina wrap-ups coming up on the 13th, the Freedman's Bureau Friday. It's February 16th to the 23rd. The 17th is bingo night. The 17th is Friday is bingo night. Puerto Rico and first responders projects. And then the wiki tree roundup. Next week, I will not be here physically in my place, my home. I will be in Yarker, Ontario, if anybody knows where that is. I'll give you a hint. It's in the woods. It's in the woods. Yeah. I've done some wiki tree livecast from there before. So hopefully that'll be okay. I've got all sorts of stuff to do. I am puppy sitting for my pup niece while my sister-in-law goes to Mexico with her husband. How fun is that? Nice. So don't break into her house while she's gone or you'll find me in a beautiful German shepherd. She's not much of a puppy anymore, but I guarantee you. Yeah. So all right. Let's see. And social media, as yours always got a good list up. So if you want to share some of the stuff that we've got going on on wiki tree, you can run over and grab the links for Facebook, Twitter. There you go, Mastodon. And Instagram. There you go. And YouTube. So you can grab all that information. They've got the profile images up for you. So question of the week, 15 nations. And if you have the extension and you hover over something, it'll tell you all about it. One name study Tuesday. And one name study Tuesday. Does that have anything? Are you going to connect that with Valentine's Day? That is the 14th. That's my grandfather's birthday, my parents anniversary. Look, one place Wednesday, Balli Carey. That's from the Northern Ireland Family History Society's projects. And they are doing an incredible job. They're the ones who really have helped identify my Island McGee connections. I'm excited for that one place study. Project showcase on Thursday and what is wiki tree on Friday and the connection fighter Friday and Friday night bingo is happening on Friday. So no date night this week. And then Saturday, there's going to be a new meet the members and of course us. So you'll get to see us next week as well. Is that it? Did I just run through everything? I think you did. So we enjoy seeing you people here and we'll see you here next week. We promise we'll see you next week. See ya.


Welcome everyone to the Schubert seminar today. We're happy to have a professor Alex Young from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Telling us about new or little numbers. Please take your way Thank you Leo, thank you Anders for the invitation. It's a true honor to be here and I'm very happy to speak to my fellow Schubert calculators I'm going to speak about some joint project I had with Chee-Liang Gao, Guidon Erlewitz, and Nicolaus Serr. I think this is a Schubert seminar and I think Schubert will be kind of low-key in this particular talk, but it is there. So in order to set up a little bit of a historical preamble, let me talk about central dogmas. The central dogma in science that I'm aware of is molecular biology, due originally to Francis Crick, and then later restated by Watson. And it's often stated as DNA makes RNA, makes proteins. And this is the sort of thing that Watson had stapled to his wall when he was thinking about the great scientific contributions that he and Crick made and post their biggest one. And I want to talk about an analogy in combatful representation theory. And this is something I ran out of an old paper of Bernstein-Zelovinsky, who credit Bresna and Gelfand. And the trio here would be that the constant partition function, that is the number of ways to generate a vector using positive, using roots. Coefficients makes the Costco coefficients, that is the multiplicity of a particular monomial in the Schur polynomial, which therefore makes the original coefficient, which is how do you multiply two Schur polynomials and expand the basis of Schur polynomials. Now, I'm slightly lying about what Bresna and Gelfand said. In reality, they weren't talking about Costco, they were talking about weight multiplicity. And they weren't talking about literates and coefficients, they're talking about tensor-proc multiplicities. And so let's just extend this blue situation where we have tensor-proc multiplicities for which LR is just the GLN case. And I think it's also part of the central dogma of common representation theory that if you know something in type A, you should really do it in general type. That's kind of a sort of a general process by which someone thinks about these things. The purpose of this particular talk is to suggest an injection of another level, in red, the NL level, the new little wood numbers. And it's my job in this talk later on in the second half to explain what NL means. But I'm going to start this talk by focusing on the LR case, which is to say GLN, and that's where I'm going to begin. Okay, I'm going to assume as little as possible. So a reminder, general linear group is the group of invertible N by N matrices with complex entries. I'm interested in linear representations of a group, a GLN particular, that's just a homomorphism from GLN to invertible transformations of some finite dimensional vector space. And an equivalent way to say this is you can think of your vector space as having a GLN module structure given by the action of your homomorphism, which is to say it's a module over the group ring of GLN. Alright, may an example that I at least I think tells you most of the theory in some sense. Let's start with N equals two, and my vector space is going to be a degree to polynomials in two variables. And my action is going to be changed by change of coordinates in the displayed way. And so what's what's this change of coordinates going to do is learn change of coordinates, you're going to take a two degree to polynomial and convert to another degree to polynomial. In fact, it's a change of basis, and this change of basis is given by this three by three matrix. So the homomorphism description of the representation is it takes a two by two matrix ABCD and maps you to that particular three by three matrix. And it would be an exercise to check that if ABCD has a determinant nonzero that the three by three matrix has a determinant nonzero. Another feature of this particular example that I want to point out is that the entries of my three by three matrix are all polynomial. Now, one could also talk about the possibility of the entries being rational functions, but it's known in theory that if you understand the polynomial case in the setting that the rational case follows easily. So we'll just talk about the polynomial case for the sake of this conversation. You could go even further, but we'll just stick with polynomial. All right, recall that a representation is irreducible if it has no non-trivial submodules, if it has only trivial gel and submodules. The basic questions and common representation theory from when I think about is you'd like to know what are the irreducible representations, you'd like to understand the dimensions, and in this particular setting, Isaac Schur in 1901 in his PhD thesis, in fact determined irreducible representations of the general linear group, and he showed that they are in bijection with partitions with at most n rows. And in case you've never seen partitions, partitions with non-increasing sequences of positive integers and usually draw some young diagram associated to it, but judging from the audience, I see you probably reading that. One other point that, well, another point I want to make is to talk about the character of the representation. By definition of the character of means, then I take my homomorphism and I apply it to a generic diagonal matrix and then compute the trace. Of course, if you are familiar with group theory of funic, sorry, characters of funic groups, then you might be expecting substitute arbitrary element here rather than a diagonal matrix. But the point is, is that trace is very under conjugation, so if you're diagonalizable, it's sufficient to calculate what goes on at the diagonal, at the diagonalization, and then in addition, almost every matrix is diagonalizable, so my continuity really you see everything by computing this special case. This is, if I'm assuming my representation is polynomial, as I have here, then of course this is going to be a polynomial of this character, but the definition doesn't really know about the way in which I label the indices, so this will also be a symmetric polynomial. Here is an example from the previous page, I substituted a, b, a, b, c, d, I substituted x1, x2, and I end up with this particular matrix, and this is a polynomial that's symmetric at x1, x2. As you may be aware, there are a lot of interesting symmetric polynomials, such as the Sherp polynomials, which can be defined in terms of things like semi-standard tableau, but for the purpose of this conversation, you can take the definition of a Sherp polynomial. For partition lambda to be just a character of Sherr's irreducible representation associated to lambda, and in our running example, the lambda is 2-0. Okay, the other thing I brought up in the preamble is tensor product, and no doubt you know the tensor product, but there's one little point that I want to emphasize, so let me just make sure we go through the definition. I have two vector spaces, v and w, and I want to think about their tensor product as vector spaces. And so the definition is that it's, you know, it posits the existence of some vector space v tensor w, which has the property that if you have a bilinear map coming out of the partition product, and you have a bilinear map from your partition product and the other vector space, there exists a unique linear map from the tensor product to this vector space. And if this tensor product exists, then it's unique because, well, by the usual result, you can flip u and v w, v tensor w. And moreover, construction of the tensor product is not a big deal either. You just basically create these elements, v tensor w, and you force the map from v cross w to v tensor w to be bilinear by throwing down, you know, infilling many relations. In our particular instance, we're interested in v and w being GLN modules, so they are, they are modules, but I want to think about their tensor product as vector spaces. And when you do that, the vector space tensor product will also have an action diagonally where you take a group element and you act in the following way. And since GLN is reductive, which means that if you take a representation, you can decompose it to irreducible, when I take the tensor product of irreducible representations to assures irreducible, I can write as a direct sum of irreducible with some multiplicity denoted by C lambda mu nu. How do you compute C lambda mu nu? Well, that's where characters can come in. The characters are polynomials and you can multiply polynomials, the sure polynomials, and in fact, expand their basis. And as it turns out, product of the polynomials corresponds exactly to tensor product, and some of the polynomials corresponds to direct sum. Therefore, answering this question is just amounts to computing, you know, using polynomials. And so the next thing would be, well, is there some common way to compute C lambda mu nu. But before I get into that, let me just say that for those of you who are new to this particular topic, it may seem a little bit artificial. How I constructed things, because the way I made it sound is, well, you have these representations, you have this natural operational tensor product. So why don't we just take tensor product decompose as a thing to do.  And so really this question is not just an artificial question. For the purposes of pleasure, it's actually really the endpoint of the whole setup. All right. Let me speak about the literal Richardson coefficient, the LR coefficients. These C lambda mu nu are these tensor product multiplicities, they're known as the literal Richardson coefficients. And what I'm about to do is quickly tell you how to compute it combinatorially. And for those of you who already know it, then you can just take a break. For those of you don't know it, then the main point I want to get across is that if I go too quickly in this particular slide, the emphasis is that you could learn this rule in 10 minutes. If you had a quiet moment for yourself, and I will be using it a little bit later. So just logically speaking, I want to tell you that there existed a rule you can compute with it. And later on, you could deduce things that I will say from this particular page, just for pedagogical reasons, I want to say that. All right. So literal Richardson rule says, it's a counting rule, says that C lambda mu nu counts the number of semi-standard young tableau T of skew shaped mu slash lambda with mu i many i's that are about. An example would be lambda mu nu here so 31421 and 21. And the question that I want to solve is how many times does the middle guy appear in the tensor product of the outer guys. Okay, so how does the rule work. The big guy, new big guy, and you take away lambda on the inside so you forbid some parking spots. And what mu tells you is it tells you how many ones and twos you can throw into the empty spots. In this case, because there's two boxes of the first row of mu, you can put two ones and one box a second, you can put a two. There are three possible fillings that you can put down under those under that weight constraint. But what's this ballot condition the ballot condition says that when you read in traditional Chinese, which is down columns and right to left, that you always see more ones than two says you're reading. Okay, so this T one and T two are good, but B is bad because when you start reading traditional Chinese you see a two before you see anyone. And finally, there's a semi standard condition which is, you know, about increasing rows and columns which is actually an irrelevant conditions particular example. So the upshot is is that in this example, the multiplicity of new in the test product landing view is to because of T one and T two. Okay. And if the rules a little bit complicated, my point is not to emphasize this complicated is that it is so simple. And the fact that you want to do what would be seemingly difficult operation like tensor decompose. All right, what's the main question that pervades this particular talk, the question, naively stated is characterized when selenium new is positive at first sight the question is rather stupid because one answer could just be well you just told me an algorithm. And if the if it comes up with the empty set that the answer is zero. It's positive. Well, first of all, if you were to do that is rather inefficient to actually compute the things, but my point in this talk is not even to talk about matters of complexity that it's irrelevant to this particular conversation. What I want to show you is that this question is indeed an interesting question, and moreover has interesting answers. How would you analyze this question. Well the first thing that you can find out about the nearest and coefficients just this sort of as a set is that they form a semi group. That is, suppose I have landed you knew a triple that produces a positive coefficient. So I'll call that LR triple. Then when you sum the indices you get an LR triple. So the vectors lambda mu new to catnated they form a semi group. And this you can do from the previous slide. It's just from knowing that that rule and thinking hard. Okay, so with that said, let us define the LR semi group to just simply be LR triples. And it's a semi group from the previous statement. Now the next one's a little bit tricky.  It sounds almost exactly the same except you have this extra existence. What's that here land of you new are going to be rational partitions. That means non negative decreasing sequences of rational numbers. And you are indeed saturated LR semi group, if you can rescale by a positive rational to be the LR semi group. It's an odd definition, but something important to this talk. Okay, fantastic term of kids in town says the following. It says that the LR coefficients are saturated. What it means is that LR, the LR semi group is are precisely the lattice points of the saturated LR semi group. And moreover, they both generate the same rational polyhedral cone rational polyhedral cone means that you have some matrix, I guess three and by matrix with rational coefficients, such that the convex hall of the points here in the other seven convicts all the points here in the saturate group are exactly described by these inequalities. Having stated a goose and tell saturation theorem. I think it's fair to ask why do you need to bring up the second definition, because in fact they're both equal. And it's not actually just to make the historical point that you said how made this contribution. It's actually that in in great generality, these two things may not be equal. So it's actually, let's say a good situation in Taipei that they're equal, they could be different in in in the far end of the of the central dogma. And when it isn't when it isn't cool. Okay, I promise you that the question of determining when the LR coefficient is positive has interesting answers and this slide is is about that. Remember, a complex value matrix is Hermitian if it's equal to its conjugate transpose. And the spectral theorem says that all permission matrices are diagonalizable by conjugating the unitary matrix and have real eigenvalues. The eigenvalue problem that stems back to the 19th century asks the following question. Suppose I have three Hermitian matrices, a b and c and I impose the condition a plus b equals C. How does that constrain the possible eigenvalues lambda you do that can appear. So the idea about these, I'm going to think of these as real partitions right instead of rational partitions or integer partitions right real partitions. And here I'm actually imposing that the partitions. The value is not negative. And this is not actually a constraint of the theory it you can consider the general case. It's just that I want to compare them to partitions a little bit easier for my presentation. So general question is a b and c eigenvalues are matrices Hermitian you have a plus b equals C what are the possible eigenvalues we get. And let's talk about the eigencone to be precisely those partitions are sorry real partitions lambda mu new, which for which there are such matrices a b and c and forge lambda mu are their respective eigenvalues. The eigenvalue problems first solved by Fliacco, and one of his theorems is the following. His theorem says that L R sat the defective L R something up some group. And the, the rather the thing that it generates as a rational polygon comb and the eigencone are in fact the same thing. And it's a spectacular theorem because if you haven't seen these sort of things before, what would tensor product multiplicities have to do with eigenvalues of Hermitian matrices under some weird addition constraint. Of course, this is a theorem that really, I think it's just spectacular, and it's so spectacular that I want to share to you through an example. I want to actually see that that really works. Let's let lambda mu mu be these three partitions for one three one and six three, and you can check using the leverage little would reach the rule that this times this has that as it is as a constituent. Therefore, you are in L R two, which therefore means that you are L R sat and in fact this containment is really in a quality due to communism town, but we don't need that for the moment. What Kelly actually was saying, therefore, is that there must exist two by two Hermitian matrices with eigenvalues for one three one and six three such that a plus B equals C. Okay, so let's try to solve for a B and C. First of all, we can conjugate by unitary to assume that C is diagonal with this form. And what I have on the left side here, this is an arbitrary two by two Hermitian matrix, and this is an arbitrary matrix and submission given the fact that a plus B equals C.  You can use the Newton identities, the trace of a matrix and some of the eigenvalues the determinant of matrix the product of the eigenvalues. And when you do that and I did, you work out that you have some two linear equations and C and that you can back substitute to get B, and you get a complete parametric solution in terms of argument theta this way. And when you conjugate by whatever unitary you want, you'll get all possible solutions for a B and C. And this is just to say that in the two by two case you have complete control of the problem you can just figure out, you know, given that telling you these things, what the actual solutions are. The question Kelly actually is, is about is, how do you know which Landon you knew give you a system of equations with a solution. And I must confess that having thought about it a little bit, it wasn't so obvious to me that I would get his answer. First of all that there be linear qualities, but I would get his answer, even in the small case. So what is this general solution. Let me make a definition for a non negative integer and I'm going to call the Cliatch going to qualities. Those of this form where you're summing the eigenvalue subsets of the eigenvalues land a new lambda mu over some subsets k i and j. And what are k i and j, they're going to be subsets of n, this n of the same size for which some smaller literature and coefficient is positive.  So, his, the definition is, is like this, it's about knowing when something is L are sat by knowing when something is an L are. Okay, so it's not quite recursive. And his theorem, of course, is the L are sat, and therefore also eigencone of their mission matrices is exactly described by his inequalities. Precisely described. Now, before clearly actually goes theorem, there was a conjecture by Horn in the 50s, and horns conjecture was also exactly trying to understand the eigencone, I can add, right. Now, his inequalities were exactly the same. Like, it's the same thing that have boxed here, except that horns and equalities do not talk about literates and coefficients. They have this substitute by saying, Oh, I stopped the same towel, this towel that town this third towel. But I'm going to ask whether those are eigenvalues of the T by T version of the Hermitian of the Hermitian matrix problem. So, what could actually goes result combined with the earlier theorem can be sent out says, is that horns and equalities are true. Why, because Kelly actually goes says that the eigencone is equal to L are sat and clear and cousin towers in L are size LR, and Kelly actually is an equals are in terms of normal LR. So by a trivial induction, once you know these two theorems, you've deduced horns and equalities. Once you know the theories. Okay, I think this is a good time to pause. This is the end of the conversation with GLN and when we come back, I'll talk about the NL situation.


that an order made position in the section 1091 of the act is subject to an affirmative resolution of parliament except where the amendment is the customs tariff headings only. And whereas the Minister of Finance six approved all of the draft value added tax, a man of schedule three number two order to amend schedule three of the act by an affirmative resolution of parliament to include as an exempt import for a period of two years commencing from the second day of august twenty three and ending on the first day of august twenty five medical equipment for basic or advanced diagnosis whether for purchase or for lease a computerized topography scan a city scan and Mr Speaker these are medical terms and when i went to school i didn't learn to be a doctor so i and i wasn't allowed as the attorney general to allow me to be a doctor friend so these are medical terms Mr Speaker so the Minister of Health will speak at extreme and whereas the Minister of Finance six approved of the draft value added tax amend of schedule three number two order to amend schedule three of the act by an affirmative resolution of parliament to include as an exempt import for a period of two years commencing from the second day of august twenty three and ending on the first day of august twenty five medical equipment for basic or advanced diagnosis whether for purchase or for lease a city scan endoscopies upper gastrointestinal lower gastrointestinal retrograde so land japan create create create geography let me spell it Mr Speaker c-h-o-l-a-n-g-i-o-p-a-n-c-r-e-a-t-o-g-r-a-p-h-y atchoscopy historoscopy ciscoscopy ultrason 3d-4d eco cardio graphy ultrason mammogram coloscopy fluoroscopy c-h-o-m-m-r-i magnetic resonance imaging be it resolved that parliament by a phone be that ready be it resolved that parliament by affirmative resolution approves the draft value added tax amendment of schedule three number two order which amends schedule three of the act to include as an exempt import for a period of two years commencing from the second day of august twenty three and ending on the first day of august twenty five medical equipment for basic or advanced diagnosis whether for purchase or lease four city scan endoscopy gas gas intestinal PM you may do like a formal leader of government business and simply say the same list that i read a while ago okay thank you mr speaker the same list that i read a while ago mr speaker inspite of the fact that i'm not a doctor mr speaker and i'm not dr freezers i i think this is because this is really a resolution that i am proud of and i'm sure the minister of health is also very happy about the mr speaker mr speaker so many solutions have to travel abroad to get diagnosed for in lessons too many solutions too many solutions mr speaker and part of the reason why is we do not have the equipment instant lucha for that diagnosis god the equipment mr speaker so mr speaker it comes as for every parliamentarian and every charity organization people come every day to want to go to matnik for city scan to want to go somewhere for MRI to want to go somewhere for diagnosis that we can do here if we have the equipment mr speaker what is the complaints the medical fertility says to you that they can't afford to buy the equipment because of the of the taxes and the value of the tag like an MRI machine mr speaker the value the vat on the MRI machine because this this that equipment costs millions of dollars so what we did mr speaker and you know and when we said that the budget was a budget for health and security we we meant that mr speaker so what we are doing today is we are zero rating the vat on all the equipment that is needed for these diagnosis we take out the family speaker not before there was no vat on the given of the service now there is no vat on the machine itself mr speaker so the medical fraternity fraternity can import these materials and pain no vat and no health and security level mr speaker what better statement that a government can make to support health service in the country mr speaker and that decision was not made lightly because there was some some who said to us said to to the minister finance these these people can afford to bring that equipment because the church use it but the government sort no we sort no that we have to give them added incentive mr speaker so the people who travel all the time who have to go have to pay the passage how to come and we hoping that the medical fraternity can invest in these machines and can do the tests necessary for the people of solution mr speaker we really hope they can do that so that we and it's a given take the government has paid the spot the government has removed the vats the government has refused to impose the health and security level we hope that and they remove the the vats and they each have a security level on the service we really hope that the charges made to solutions are moderate because the government has paid the part has paid the spot mr speaker again when you they tell you about with tax and health and security is tax tax tax what you've done is actually the opportunity cost of this tax is the government has waived it and i'm sure people people will understand what i mean by the opportunity cost because the government has forgotten is now an opportunity it's an opportunity cost that means that they would have had to pay to that to pay it again so we hope we we hope that the consumer can benefit mr speaker that is a shot in the arm for health services in solution mr speaker a shot in the arm so the two and a half percent we are we are being asked to pay on certain books musical look at what you've got in return look at what the government is giving return the government is giving up all the vats that had to be paid on that equipment on this and that equipment and that equipment is expensive very expensive mr speaker that is an investment in health a confidence in the medical practitioners of the country so they can invest in in in in in in in in that equipment and give the public of solution this needed service mr speaker so no longer no longer will we have to be right away going away paying a passage with the issues of in air travel air transportation so you can stay here and get diagnosed the diagnosed with the speaker i'm sure the minister of health is pleased with with with that with that resolution mr speaker i'm sure all my colleagues are pleased because all the time every one of us even a member of shows that i'm sure can feed experience we have to come to ask for money to go to this test abroad because the machine is not available in solution so we um this is a testimony mr speaker to the government's commitment to the health of the nation mr speaker and mr speaker very soon mr speaker very soon i'm going to we're going to make make a definitive and a progressive statement on senjudo hospital because mr speaker the public of senlusha will see that this government is serious about senjudo hospital and senjul hospital with the grace and the help of god will be completed for the people of the south of this country will be will be completed mr speaker and i said that any fear or favor will be the speaker and then the people of senlusha will see what this government means when we say putting people first mr speaker this speaker this is i'm very pleased with the speaker very pleased very pleased to ask my colleagues members of house to support this right this resolution to make these medical services more accessible and hopefully more affordable to the people of senlusha i thank you mr speaker