Our first speaker is David Ackley in Definite Scalability for Living Computations. Can you hear me in the back? Okay, great. I'd rather bellow than put on the microphone. I guess the first AI conference I went to was AAAI 82. This is the second national conference on AI in Pittsburgh. This is quite different here. I'm thrilled to be here. A lot of things have changed. We were all excited about the Motorola 68000 running at 10 whole megahertz. But a lot of things haven't changed. In particular, we're still programming the same kind of machines, the same kind of ways that we did at the time. And I think we're going to need to change that sooner rather than later. I can't tell if this is on or not. Here we go. Okay, something. So if you want to follow along, the paper is at anime.us slash bloop. Other than that, I'm just going to rush through and try to get to as much as I can in the time that we have. History says I run rather long, so it would be wise to start at the end. So I start with the conclusions. Here they are for scalable systems, for computer systems that can grow much larger than the systems we have today. And for systems that can make a credible case for computer security, both the regular computers we have today and the terrifying internet of unsecurable things that is coming now, we need society to push us in the computing industries to focus on robustness. And I suggest to you, this is the blue sky idea, that to get to serious robustness, we're going to have to give up on hardware determinism. We're going to have to give up on saying same input, same output. If that isn't terrifying, you don't program enough. But the suggestion is the happy news that I hope to leave you with is that there is life after hardware determinism. It just means that software has to carry some of the load of responsibility that we have been saying reliability is a hardware problem. It is no longer. And the suggestion is that we focus on this idea of best effort computing. We're going to be admitting that our programs may give the wrong answer. Our programs may be incorrect. But you'll still prefer that to something that pretends to be correct and fails catastrophically when you blink at it, let alone when malware gets to it and other attacks. Other, to get to that stage where we have to take this bitter pill of saying software which has focused only on correctness and efficiency for 50 years and is now going to have to actually focus on reliability in effective use of redundancy and something more than just blind efficiency. We can drive that by saying we need computer architectures that are indefinitely scalable. We need computer architectures that we can just plug in and more and more and more together and it will be so big that parts that will always be failing. It will be so big that we will be using it before we have finished building it. To program on that level of architecture, you have to face issues of robustness. You have to face issues of asynchronous interactions. You have to face all the issues of races and the stuff that we tend to avoid in small systems. And linking to Tom Dietrich's great presidential talk yesterday where we have to deal with robust AI facing the unknowns, I want to suggest to you that this approach indefinite scalability is going to suggest a way that we can actually bound the unknownness of the unknown, which from one point of view seems obviously impossible, but which from another point of view is completely trivial and we'll hope to get to it. Alright, so here was Tom's talk yesterday. I couldn't agree more. The need for robust AI, yes, absolutely. High stakes applications where we are giving increasing responsibility to close loop interactions by systems that are software and programming and that are just as crappy as all the other software and programming that we now only make is driving the need for something new. He suggests lessons from biology is one of the responses to it. That's what I want to concentrate on that we're actually using in the approach that I'm doing. So this is a blue sky talk. The blue sky is that we will soon be ready to embrace moving beyond determinism and programming, but that doesn't mean they haven't done any work. We've been working on this for several years, and so I want to start with a demo to show you sort of a little bit of what we've got. This is a simulator for an indefinitely scalable computer architecture. This is actually four tiles. It's a little hard to see, but they're that are cooperatively connected at the edges. And what I would like to do is do a quick demo and also have it be sort of a metaphor for technology and human development. Okay, see if I can do both at once. So what I want to do first, whoops, is I'm trying to draw a square. I'm trying to draw a box. All right, so there's a box. It is a great box. The important point about this box is it has an inside and an outside. So when you can differentiate space and put something inside it, then never do something different conceivably than it's outside. Okay, in the metaphor, I suggest to you this is human technology from zero to the industrial revolution, making stuff by hand to build tools and store things and do things. Okay, and that's great. And it worked fine. We did great. The industrial revolution took us to a whole other level where we could automate processes that had been done manually and now we get much higher quality, much lower cost, and we can knock out as many boxes as we like. And this is the industrial revolution. I salute you. Now, it's still true that once we've made these things, if we get our eraser tool up here to kind of simulate the passage of time, you know, they sort of all gradually suffer this length and hours of fortune and they gradually fall apart, but that's okay. They're easy and cheap to make, but we're great. What I suggest to you is we are moving into a post-industrial manufacturing framework that we're just beginning to understand. And here's my metaphor for it. Whoops, we can get that pencil back. This guy, you can get the eraser going again. He doesn't really erase very well. You can get a bigger gun here. So you can see what's happening. This thing is not just a fire and forget build it once box. This is a thing that knows it wants to be a box. It knows what it means to be a box and it heals and repairs itself as it goes along. This is, I submit to you, a living computation in a fundamentally real sense, more so than most of the systems that we have built today. Okay, so I can actually forget this. These guys are hard to kill. Give me a bigger plug. Okay, I killed one. You get the idea. So the suggestion is how does this sort of thing work? How do you get from a passive do something once to an automatic self-healing, self-aware, self-aware, maybe that's too strong, but in a very limited way, a very small way, each individual piece of this thing knows that, well, so this is a source code for not a whole box, but just a line, a 16-segment line. And it has three, well, it has several key aspects of it. Of course I want to focus on is this thing, MPaZ, it's a data member, it's a four-bit unsigned value that says where I am in the line segment. And when it's my turn to do something, my behavior function gets called automatically and I check to see is my number the smallest number. No, is the guy's space west of me empty? Yes, reproduce. These three lines completely crumble, make a copy of myself, decrement the pointer, the position in the copy and store to my west is how the healing and the constructing works. Same thing, if I'm not at the maximum position and my west is available, make it there, all right? This is a program in the language Ulan, which we have developed specifically to study how to program in this indefinitely scalable living computation, robust first approach. It's got packages for Ubuntu 1204 and 14.04 you can install and play with today if you're willing to install from a personal practice archive. So we have our metaphor. I suggest that the future is these living systems that take care of themselves. How can we make a box that takes care of itself? We have to give information about the global needs of the computation down and down and down and down until individual guys can do something to make things better. And in this case, he can fill empty spots that should be part of the box, all right? And that's the essential difference between traditional top-down serial deterministic computation where everything gets done with no purpose in mind, it gets done efficiently, it gets done once, relying on the perfect stability of RAM, relying on the fact that memory once written can be relied on forever. Living systems don't do that. They rebuild themselves continually as needed, and we can afford to do that. We can take this sort of stuff and then we can make it much more efficient once we know what we want. We're at a new research era to figure out how to do stuff with this and not have the whole thing melt down with fork bombs and crazy cans. All right, so in the remaining six and a half minutes, I would like to try to paint a picture of where we're going to run and where we're going to do a little bit more and then circle back around to one more little demo to finish up, okay? I showed this slide pretty much in all of my talks. I'm not going to go through it in detail. The point for us today is just that there are two very different approaches to doing computation, and the one that we have spent most of our time, although AI, more than many disciplines within computing has made some forays into the other column, are still very heavily on the finite scalability algorithm begin and end, where in order to even talk about it, it's supposed to be correct, and then once it's correct, the goal is to be as efficient as possible and as robust as necessary. Robust is the last thing that you do.  The alternate approach is rather than saying the goal is to finish as quickly as possible, the goal is to survive no matter what. To have ongoing processing where robustness, the ability to give some kind of answer and to keep on processing is goal number one. And then, yes, given that we're going to stay alive and do something, we're going to try to be correct. But we're not going to pretend that correctness isn't a misability requirement. I mean, what is correctness for a Google search? Most software today cannot be correct or incorrect. It hasn't got a spec. So we're kind of living in the emperor's new clothes, but we've been here for a long time. All of these other things, the fact that it's not going to be centralized, and rather than doing logical inferences to think of what's happening, well, if x is greater or greater, we're going to be doing statistical inferences, saying the odds of that this thing going this way are less than er, as long as they ignore it, and so on. And then fundamentally, the response to error is completely different. Tom Dietrich's talk mentioned mincey saying how programs will typically crash if they get anything unexpected as if this was surprising. But no, I mean, we designed machines to do that. That's the whole point, because we have given not a second thought to what the program should do if the if statement goes a long way. What would we even begin to say? Whereas in the indefinite scalability thing, we're going to hide errors and heal as best we can. And it leads to a very different view, the sort of master of the universe. You do what you're told, don't ask why, versus everybody is empowered to try to make the world a better place. That is the robust first approach. You have to figure out how to take a complex global problem and break it down into tiny little consequences so that a locally situated agent looking at what it is can make a just case for saying, well, I'm a part of a sorting guy. We all agree that big numbers go up and small numbers go down. This number is bigger than the one I just saw. I'm going to move it up. And it just doesn't make the world a better place and then get enough people, enough agents, enough things, enough sites in there and the job gets done. That's the approach to computation. All right. Oh yeah. And then this is the advocacy part of the talk. We have been mining the traditional serial deterministic tracker for 60 years and it's been great. It's also been terrible. And there is a fundamental sense in which serial determinism where you say, I'm going to be all efficient, but never do anything twice. That makes no sense. The answer has to come out the same way. It's fundamentally unsecureable. It's not that computer security is just we haven't focused on it yet. Because we designed computers to be universally programmable, that's great. That also means they are completely unpredictable when one error occurs. If we can adversarily choose a single bit flip, we can take a machine that's doing anything and make it do anything else. And then we're putting it in control of the flabberons on the 787 and so forth. We're in crazy land, taking machines like this, deterministic machines that have no clue, the independent components that have no clue what they're doing and giving them an increasing ballistic, financial, chemical responsibilities in the real world. Okay. Almost had it done. All right. I already ranted about this. This is more about our particular approach to indefinite scalability. The idea is you make a hardware tile. How do you make a computer that's indefinitely big? You make a tile that can be plugged into copies of itself and they're completely fungible and you make as many as you can afford. And that's what we've done. There's a picture of the first round hardware that we did back in 2009, hoping to do a second round hardware this coming year, if things come together. The fact that these are independent tiles with independent CPUs means that there's no global clock. There cannot be any global clock. These tiles are racing against each other. When one of them finishes an event, this starts another event. That means it might get two before the other guy gets one. Deal with it. This is the ground rules for indefinite scalability. Okay. And let's get that stuff. And let's go back. So now the idea is, you know, I give this talk and people, you know, nod. Well, yeah, maybe, but no, no, I'm not going to work on that. And I understand it's a tough thing to swallow. But you can do things with it that are really not too bad. And I will stop and I'll put this up here and then I'll stop and take a couple of questions because really we're out of time. This is a toy four port data switch. It's got colors, red, green, yellow, and blue on the side, which are the ports that are injecting data cells, each of which is carrying a four byte packet that is destined for a random other site. At the moment, they're just vibrating around, diffusing and going basically nowhere. But there's a there's a routing grid, the dark dots that you may be able to see that is growing spontaneously as part of the machine's operation that is now gradually saying when it sees a port, it starts gossiping to its neighbors about distances, the red port is this way, the green port is that way. And then the data cells use the information in the gradients on the routers to get where they're going. And as this thing finishes up, it'll gradually clear out all this backup data log and process fairly well. And it'll do so in this ridiculously robust way. I mean, we can we can blow giant holes in this thing. And will it survive? Sure, it'll survive. Why will it survive? It will survive because it just rebuilds itself the same thing it did at the start. So amount of time, the goal is robust systems. I hope I piqued your interest. There's much more stuff on the web. Thank you very much.


Hi everybody it's Alan Mixed Up Craft, thank you for watching my tutorial today. This is project number two using the Stamping Up Osoeclectic collection. So I've been given the dyes, the stamps, the paper pack and the matching ribbon by Kaylee who's known as Create with Kaylee. All of her social media links and everything will be shared in the video description below here. I'm really really excited to be using this product and like I said this is number two. So this is a really pretty little handbag, gift bag. I've finished it off here with a little cluster of these fussy cut flowers and these are the leaves, a die cut, matching handles and then I've got these are from my own stash, these little leaf brads and basically the whole thing just opens like so with a velcro dot and then inside it reveals this really large four by four base little gift bag so you can fit plenty of stuff in there and it just looks super cute and I've done a few handbag styles now. This one is different again because on the front here this is crisscross so these are folded over at the top so I'll be showing you how to do that style and then these bits just kind of curve around on the sides here. I'll share all the links to the other handbags that I've done around here somewhere but yeah let's crack on and make this one. So you're going to need one piece of 12 by 12. I'm using the same print again. I absolutely adore this patterned paper.  They were from a larger set of all different kinds and again I picked it up from a charity shop. I seem to be quite lucky when it comes to crafting bits from the charity shops so again if anybody recognises this here then let me know. So I've already pre-cut so I've die cut two of the leaves from the dies and these are the eclectic layer finlets and it is this one here so I've die cut that twice on this colour card here which is from my own stash but it matches really nicely with this here. So I've die cut two of those and then I have, wait a minute, and then I've stamped, probably can't see these amongst the paper, one, two, three. There are these three flowers here which are stamped and fussy cuts. I've just got them to one side and that's using this stamp here and this is from the stamp set which is the oh-so eclectic again really love it. I love the kind of you know I don't know what that kind of effect is it's like a faded impression I really like it. I've stamped this one I'm going to put the oh-hello friend sentiment on so that one's got your just lovely but this one I'm going to change slightly and that's just using the you've got the four sentiments here so I'm just using the oh-hello friend. Then you will need so one piece of 12 by 12 then you need two pieces of half an inch by this was just the default A5 length which is eight and a quarter if you've got eight that would be fine if you've got six that would be fine as well so it just depends if you want bigger handles or not so two pieces of that and then one little piece here which measures three by one and a half inches and this is to form our little closure and along the three inch side you just want to score there at one and a half inches okay you can just burnish that piece over and then with my corner rounder I've just gone around and just rounded off all four edges again you don't have to if you don't have one okay so let's crack on with some scoring so pick one of your 12 inch sides and you're going to score at four inches at eight inches then rotate and again score at four inches and eight inches then get rid of your scoreboard and with your ruler put that to one side there you're going to on the diagonal you're going to score across so each you've got three six nine squares again you won't be able to see them so well on the pattern and even the other side's really fine but you will have four um sorry one two three four five six seven eight nine big squares the four outer squares you're going to score from corner to corner so like so and score out so you're creating a score line going diagonally through that square and then rotate to your card and do it again on the next one and then rotate again do it on the next one and then rotate again do on the next one if I bring it up can you just see the score line running so this is that square in the corner I've got my score line running right the way along there you just want to do that on all of the corner squares and then once I start folding it you'll see that more clearly so just burnish your main score lines like so and then all of these ones here you just want to burnish like so so I'm folding them outwards as opposed to inside which is what we tend to do with most of you know make you know box making and stuff we fold inside whereas these ones you're actually going to fold out and just make sure that you get a really nice um fold right to the very very end there like so okay so now you will kind of have this big bowl effect then what you're going to do is each one is going to so pinch them right up like so and then fold it across that four by four square and again like so okay see what you're getting there so that's formed that crisscross and then you'll do the same on the back and you'll have that effect again like so now that just gives you a really cool box we're going to stick all of this down and you've got a really nice box so you can make a lid for it that would be really nice but what we're going to do just to transform it into the bag is when we attach our little closure we'll be pinching this middle bit together and that's where it gives you that shape okay so let's get it all stuck down first so it makes more sense so you want to stick all of these kind of triangles together so on one of the corners here I'm just going right along the triangle like so and then just fold that right over like so I've got my bones all there just so I can get that glue right up to my corners and just spread it all out so you can see now why this is quite different although it looks similar to other bags that are like this it is actually put together differently okay so you want that that effect now so again go around to the next one just put it on one corner one little triangle there one side whatever it is I'm trying to explain you don't need to put glue on the whole square basically okay and then again just fold it across because you've scored all those score lines it will just all sit together okay and just repeat that on the other side now you should be left with this odd random looking shape okay and then what you want to do is just decide really what you want to be your front and your back I mean like there can you see I've got a little bit of that blue just coming over there so I would want that piece to be folded that way so it kind of hides that and again that side can you see where it's not quite lined up I've got that blue poking out the top I'm going to fold that over and now you can't see it at all so that's going to be my one of my fronts or backs and then that will be the other one like so so now we need to stick these pieces again down so you want to put glue on one side here and again with as I always say with this particular glue that I use which is the Alina's tacky glue it dries really hard so this becomes a really really strong gift bag because if you imagine we've got two pieces of paper already folded to make this triangle then we're folding it again on top of this piece of paper that's three layers once that all dries with all that glue it becomes very very strong so I'm just putting my bone tool inside there just to make sure I can get that really nice and secure and all that glue spread out and again keeping all those nice sharp corners and edges we want everything lining up okay so you can see now again because it's a patterned paper it's hard there you go you can see where it's folded across and then this one we're going to glue all of this side now and then fold that piece across that way okay so again and just lie that one down and then pop it over on the other side and again just use your bone tool just to get right in there and spread all of that glue out and you just want to repeat exactly that on this opposite side so these two pieces are now going to go over okay so just carry on and do that okay so now there is my box so now when I push those two sides that we stuck here in here together you can see that bag straight away starts to take shape so what we want to do now is a little bit of decoration so with these three here where we scored at that one and a half inch score line this would be the back this is the front and it's going to sit like so so there's my score line and I'm just putting this towards the top right hand corner then another one is going to go like so so pop a little bit of glue here again really a small amount not a lot at all it's going to go like so and then this last one is going to cover you want to make sure you can see all the the center bits there there is a stamp to stamp this detail inside the flower but I really like that just that real plain look if I show you here these ones here these little stamps you can stamp in the middle there just give a bit more detail okay like so and then these two are going to just kind of wedge underneath you see there you're going to go in between and kind of just cascade down so I'm going to have one like so and then grab this other one and I have this one kind of sticking out from that side I might cut it down a bit but like that and then that sentiment is going to go right in the middle so can you see that that's what we're going to kind of have so let me just finish actually the glue is stuck to glue already in there that one's already stuck now so I can leave that one there this one I'm going to cut down a little bit and just grab my scissors turn that off a little bit of glue again such a small amount and that one can be wedged actually I'm just going to stick it right under like so like that you can see it's all nice and neat there on the back as well and then this little sentiment I'm going to put on a little piece of foam backing just grab a strip there sit over that kind of join where they all join in the middle okay so you can see now what I've just put together all right and that back bit will fold down so that's why I said you don't want to go past that score line and that's going to sit over like so right it's all looking nice coming together okay so now we need to attach our handles so what you want to do is just grab a hole punch and literally you just want to punch down let's do these ones and I can tell you kind of how far I've done it it's about a quarter of an inch down see there about a quarter of an inch down and in okay from the corner of the square again there about a quarter of an inch down and in and then this I'm just going to hole punch again about a quarter of an inch in okay and do the same like so and then grab one of my brads pop it in there and then pop it through and attach it like so and then this one you're then going to bring so hold it like that see my thumb is facing the top keeping my thumb facing the top just bring it around so it will curve around like so if you twist it then they won't sit like they do like that and feed that one through and you can see now I've got that handle and just repeat the same okay so there you have it so now if you just wanted a really nice just four by four square box if you have maybe a little pot plant to put in it then you could keep it like this but that's not what we're doing today so now you just squeeze them together and what we want to do is pop some glue on the back of this one here so the one without your decoration stuck down that's the word I was looking for decoration and then pop it over so the score line is sitting across the top so when it's pinched together you can see now I just bring that up you want to make sure it's really flush with the top here and just stick that glue down on the back you could do this before you stick everything on but it's I just find it works just as well doing it this way as well and just hold that all in place there and then what you would do is stick down the front with a velcro dot but I've actually run out so I put that one under actually um that is it done because now what you would do is lift this front one up put your velcro dot there and then push that one down okay I don't want to take my finger off the back because I don't want to let go because that glue is still setting but there you have it so really really quick beautiful little gift bags handbags again I always think these handbag styles are perfect for little girls like birthday parties and hen parties and things like that I think they look wonderful so I'm still holding this one in place but they have it so I hope you like project number two if you are interested in getting hold of any of the products I'll share all the links to Kaylee's website so you can purchase through her again thank you Kaylee I'm enjoying this a lot and tune in for my next tutorial thanks for watching bye


Smashing them. Helped create pride pre-workout with EHP Labs. So very exciting. Today we are basically unveiling the brand new flavor Raspberry Twizzle Fish Isle. This is literally my favorite flavor now. Very excited to launch this. My mate Mitch is coming over. We're going to smash an arm workout and he's going to taste this for the first time as well. My mate Mitch, best mate. Also, I help him with his training every now and then just to build as much muscle as he can on his wiry frame. We started with carbs and we're working with that. Yeah, as you can see, it's not going too well for that. But we're trying. So today we're going to hit some arms. Let's get this weak point over here, majorly. But we're going to taste pride Raspberry Twizzle Fish Isle for the first time. So you actually haven't had this before, have you? No, I haven't. Oh, who is it? So we're getting a legitimate reaction. So I'll give you my reaction at the same time. And then Mitch is too, obviously. And then my reaction and you give your reaction. And then I'll give my reaction to his reaction. And a very good camera. And you can react to everything. Cameraman's, we're acting to the whole thing. Perfect. And it'll be $48. Does it smell? It's up. Notes of Raspberry? Yeah. Prismal. Unintoned. Prismal. Unintoned. Put in there. It is nice. It is very nice. Yeah, actually, it's not just Raspberry. Like, it's kind of like, it is the candy. That's why you taste that sweet, like, lolly. Yeah, 100%. It's basically like this. It's like smelling it. It's nearly the same. Honestly, nice. This is literally, like, not even saying this. This is my favorite one. Hey, Phil loves this one as well. He does? Yeah. Good. That's good. I was saying earlier how, when we made this, we wanted to make something that's actually going to give you good workouts, not just, like, something to jack you up and leave you feeling disastrous. Like a methodology. Yeah, pretty nice. It's just not what we want. So, like, how would you kind of rate this as a pre-workout? You worked in the sub shop as well, so you've seen a heap of them. Yeah. What do you reckon you've noticed in that? Well, it's just a very complete sort of pre-workout. But when we worked with the self-central, we'd have so many people that would want the strongest. We've always wanted the strongest pre-workout. And we were there going, you don't need the strongest, because that's not what is going to give you the best session. It's probably going to base your constrict to you. You're not going to get a good pump. You're not going to be focused.  So, it's quite hard to sell this, unless you can sell it to somebody who's had your workout go. Yeah. I feel like that's the benchmark.  And you have a good session. Yeah. And you just want to keep training. That's how I felt it. Speaking of stimulating ourselves, Mitch and I are going to go down and train some arms now. So, it started with an easy buck, Carol. Pretty much for the rest of this workout, the whole workout, the way we're going to train is very strict on form. And as soon as one of us reaches failure, every now and then we'll just give them an extra two reps. So, also, take notice when I'm spotting and when Mitch is spotting me, we're not taking the whole thing. It's pretty much like the last bit. Yeah, just a little love time, just enough to get past that sort of sticking point. Yeah, and then, as you can see, if I hold Mitch, he'll control the negative as per usual as well. There's no, like, swinging of any kind throughout the whole session. It's all very strict. And that's like, look at like that. Or that. Or this. Or that. Oh my god. It's about three sets of 10. It's not so easy with that weight. I'm going to feel like that. It's the first exercise done. I'm already feeling extremely pumped right now. Absolutely. Which is a good sign. So moving into an incline curl, second one, really nice. Really emphasizes a stretch. As you can see, Mitch here, elbows are locked and back the whole time. There is no momentum, there's no swinging. It's causing the top and a little bit of the bottom as well. So, attention to biceps is crazy. The most important part of this whole movement is to make sure you never stop staring yourself in the mirror. What you'll see here is, it's like, it's uninterrupted. Oh no, stop staring. That's the focus. The focus kicking in. You can make your focus on yourself too much. If you have misdirected focus, you'll be wired at your own inflation. Third exercise, we're doing cable curls. But with a closer grip, elbows forward. And it's pretty much like, isolated. These elbows are moving there.   I'm able to make myself feel absolutely tiny. Just train with him and I'm like, great. It's an awesome exercise. It takes everything away. So you can't get any real influence from your front delt or anywhere else. It's just the bicep. My nice connection is key. Definitely helps with 1.6 grams of new tropics in here. Look at Mitch's focus on his own bicep. It's not his manner of kicking in, it's a new tropic. It's a triceps. We're pretty much at the halfway point now in the workout. So far, I'm feeling great still. Still feeling really, really good. One benefit that I love about pride is that you just want to keep training. Do you find that? I understand. Yeah, you don't get to that point 20, 30 minutes in when you're like, get me out of here. This is a chore.  You just want to keep going. We're probably half an hour into this and gonna get started with triceps. Push down, warm up the joints. So it doesn't feel too funky. So, you'll notice that it's out here. It keeps these elbows in nice and tight. You'll get way more triceps that way. You start letting your elbows come out a bit. You'll find that people want to lean over the bar more. They get way more chest and shoulders involved in it. So you've got to try and keep yourself a bit more upright. Also too, helps when the bar finishes sort of a little underneath you. You'll get a lot more of that long, heavy try. And that was just an easy use to get to touches out actually. Pretty much like, it's a variation of a close group bench, but it's almost like you're crossing between skull crushes. So, instead of just going straight down like that, you're gonna get a bit more bend the elbows and bring your hands a bit more towards this area instead of keeping them tucked. Yeah, so it's like a press kind of skull crush type thing. Elbows are folding down like that. It's one of those things you kind of have to flirt with where you sort of put your hands and where you can bring your elbows in. To some, we'll find that you can bring them a little bit tighter and it's all too niggly with your elbow or shoulder or wrist. Yeah, that smashes them. It fills up all in there, which is a good feeling to have. The pump is still going very strong. Okay, super set. We're doing regular road push downs. Again, same principles as always. Always back, nice control, squeezing. When you hit round failure, just spin around and do overheads. Just everything you've got left. So, we should burn them out. We'll be two to three sets of this one. Let's get them done. Actually feel overall, I feel great. How do you feel, Scottie? Yeah, me too. Absolutely. I feel good. Absolutely pumped. Let's do it all again. Now, the guys, please like this video as well. If you enjoyed, do something out of it. Comment below. And I hope to see you guys getting your hands on some of this Raspberry Twizzle because she's all pride because I think you can absolutely love it. And that is it. Anything else? Yeah. Do you have anything for us? Nope. We've got nothing left for us. Sorry. I'm gonna give you guys, I'll talk about it real soon. Yes. All right, that's it. And we'll see you in the next video.


Now, next is the circular waveguide. So, a circular waveguide has a circular cross-section. So, it has a circular cross-section. So, we have boundaries for all theta and at all r equal to a. So, this is the radius and this is the radius is a, this is the radial direction, the radius is a and it is free to propagate in the z direction. So, now again all components of the electric field and magnetic field will satisfy this wave equation. So, del perpendicular is the transverse del and again here kc square is equal to omega square by c square minus kg square. So, since this is a circular waveguide, we will solve this in cylindrical coordinates. So, in cylindrical coordinates del perpendicular square can be written as 1 by r del by del r of r del by del r plus 1 by r square del 2 by del theta square. So, this two-dimensional wave equation in r and theta, if you substitute here, this becomes like this. Now, here psi can be either E z or B z. So, you know that you need to solve only for E z or B z. So, you know from Maxwell's equation that curl of E, curl of E is equal to minus del B by del t and curl of B is equal to 1 by c square del E by del t. So, as we did in the previous lecture, you can simply write each component of, component from this equation and each component from this equation. So, you will get three equations here, three equations here. And you know that the variation, the exponential variation is e to the power of i, k, g, z minus omega t. So, if you take the derivative with respect to z, you will get i, k, g and if you take the derivative with respect to time, you will get minus i omega. So, in these three equations and in these three equations, if you substitute del by del z with i, k, g and del by del t with minus i omega, you can see that all the transverse components that means E r, E theta, B r, B theta, they can be obtained from E z and B z alone. So, you just need to find out the, you just need to solve for E z and B z and then using that, you can get the values of E r, E theta, B r and B theta. So, we have to solve the two dimensional wave equation only for E z and B z. And the boundary conditions are that E z is equal to 0 at r is equal to a, that means the tangential component of electric field is 0 and del psi by del m that means where psi is equal to B z is 0 for r is equal to a, this is the normal component of magnetic field is equal to 0. So, you just have to solve the wave equation for E z and B z with these boundary conditions as we did for the case of rectangular wave ride. So, let us say the TM case. So, here for the TM case, B z is equal to 0 and E z will definitely exist. So, now we have to solve this for E z and from E z we can derive E r, E theta, B r, B theta. So, we have to solve just one equation for E z. Now, we know the form of electric field is like this. So, the amplitude here now depends on r and theta, r and theta are the directions in which the boundary is applied to the system. So, the wave is free to propagate in the z direction. So, it is a propagating wave in the z direction, but it will form a standing wave in r and theta direction. So, this is the wave equation for written in terms of E z. We can expand del perpendicular square and we get this expression. So, this is the total wave equation in the z direction. Now, as before as we did for the rectangular wave guide, we can write E z r theta as r which is a function of r only and capital theta which is a function of theta only and solve this equation by using the method of separation of variables. So, substituting instead of E z in this equation, if we substitute instead of E z capital R and capital theta. So, we get like this. So, so this is the expression. Now, we divide throughout by r and capital theta. So, here this is derivative with respect to r. So, theta comes out and if you divide with r and theta, theta is cancelled here and similarly from here this expression, this is derivative with respect to theta. So, r comes out and when you divide by capital R capital theta, r will get cancelled. So, we are left with this equation. Now, we, so this is the expression. Now, again we can rearrange this and write it as this expression here. So, now if you notice the left hand side, it is a function of r only and the right hand side is a function of theta only. So, again as before this is possible when each side is equal to the same constant. So, you can make this as equal to, you can equate both the left hand side and right hand side as equal to some constant m square. So, now we get two, so here we have kept it equal to m square. So, now you get two equations, one is the radial equation and one is the equation in the theta coordinate. So, let us write the equation in the radial coordinate.  Now, this equation in theta, this is again the equation of a simple harmonic oscillator and it has solutions of the form of cosine and sine theta. So, you can write the solution capital theta as a m cos m theta plus b m sin m theta. Now, the relative amplitude of a m and b m, they determine the orientation of the field in the right. So, that means, which of the two components dominate. For a circular waveguide and for any particular value of m, the theta axis can always be oriented. So, you can always orient the theta axis such that one of them goes to 0. So, let us do that for simplicity. So, we orient the axis such that b m is equal to 0. So, we are left with just one component, theta is equal to a m cos theta. So, the variation in theta, so we are solving here for ez. So, the variation in theta in capital theta in theta is cosine or is cosine form. Now, let us solve the second equation. So, here this is the equation in the radial direction. So, this is the equation. So, we can take m on the left hand side and then we multiply this equation throughout by r and rearrange.  So, now, here both in the numerator and denominator we can multiply by kc, kc is independent of r. So, we can just divide and multiply by kc here as well as here. So, now, we have this net resultant equation. This is a Bessel's equation in terms of kcr and it has two solutions. One is the Bessel function jm kcr and the other one is the Neumann function. Now, let us denote kcr with capital X. So, we can write this expression in terms of x. So, the solution of, so this as I said is the Bessel's equation in terms of x or kcr and it has two solutions, the Bessel function and the Neumann function. So, Bessel functions are, so I plotted it here. So, Bessel functions are basically functions of they are of various orders. So, we have j0, this is the Bessel function of 0th order. Then we have j1 which is the Bessel function of first order. Then we have the Bessel function of second order and so on. And similarly, we have Neumann function, the Neumann functions again of the 0th order, the first order and the second order and so on. Now, if you notice this from these equations, we see that at x is equal to 0 or at r is equal to 0, the Bessel function, it has a finite solution. So, here it is, so it is if you see jm x is proportional to x to the power of m at x is equal to 0. However, if you see the Neumann function, it is infinite at x is equal to 0. This is infinite. Now, since the field must be finite in a waveguide at r is equal to 0, you cannot have infinite field, it is an unphysical solution. So, we reject the solution of solution that is the Neumann function and we accept only the Bessel function as the solution. So, now, so the solution for this equation is now r is jm kcr. So, now we can write the total solution of the ez field. So, ez was r, capital R into capital theta. So, capital R now is jm kcr and capital theta is am cos theta which we had just found out. So, the complete solution for TM mode inside the waveguide is given as ez r theta zt is am which is some constant jm kcr. So, it is the variation is of the form of Bessel function in the r direction and cosine variation in the theta direction and then it is a propagating wave in the z direction propagating with a propagation constant kg. So, now let us see the boundary conditions for the TM mode Bz is equal to 0 and ez exists. So, the boundary conditions are that at r is equal to a. So, let us see this, this is the radius. So, r is equal to a, now we have this ez component. So, ez component is here. So, at r is equal to a this is ez component and this ez component is the tangential component. So, by definition or by boundary condition ez has to go to 0 at r is equal to a for all theta. So, in this equation if we substitute ez is equal to 0 at r is equal to a we get 0 is equal to am jm kca. Now, what does this mean? This means that jm is 0 for all the roots of the Bessel function. So, where is jm 0? So, jm is 0 at this for j0, j0 is 0 at this point, it is 0 at this point, at this point and so on. Similarly, j1 is 0 at this point, this point, this point and so on. And similarly, j2 is 0 here, here and so on. So, these are the roots of the Bessel function. So, the above equation has infinite number of roots. So, we can write this now as xmn is equal to kca. Now, here xmn is the nth 0 of the Bessel function so nth 0 means it is telling us about the root of the Bessel function. So, wherever this is 0, this is the root of the Bessel function. So, xmn is the nth 0 of the Bessel function jm. So, physically n represents the number of cycles of variation of ez. So, how many times ez goes to 0? So, let us say for this case if ez has to be 0 here. So, if we take j0, it can be 0 here or it can be 0 here. So, the variation can be so for different modes, one variation could be like this, another variation could be like this, in the radial direction of ez. So, kc is equal to xmn where xmn denotes the nth 0 of the Bessel function jm xmn by a. So, cutoff frequency from here you can calculate omega cmn is given by cxmn a. Okay. So, the various zeros of the Bessel function can be read from the table. So, the table is shown here. So, for example, the first 0 of the Bessel function j0 for j m is equal to 0 and the first 0 is at so the first 0 is at almost approximately 2.5. So, we see that it is 2.405. Similarly, the second 0 is at 5.5 to the third 0 is at 8.654. So, these values can be read from the tables. Now, for te case for the te case ez is equal to 0 and Bz will exist. So, now we have to solve for Bz. So, again as before, since the boundaries are applied in the r and theta direction. Okay. So, it is the circular waveguide is bounded in r and theta direction and open in the z direction. So, the equation can be written as Bz r theta. So, the amplitude is a function of r and theta only and propagating in the z direction. Okay. So, we have to solve the wave equation for Bz and again we know that e r e theta b r b theta they can be obtained from Bz. So, this is the wave equation and we write it for Bz. We can expand this in cylindrical coordinates and then again as before solving it with separation of variables. Bz is a function of r and theta where r is a function of r only and capital theta is a function of theta only. So, again we get this an expression like this. So, we can solve it and now we have to apply the boundary condition that the normal component of magnetic field is 0 at the boundary at r is equal to a for all values of theta. So, we apply the boundary condition del Bz by del r is 0 at r is equal to a for all values of theta. So, or in other words now, so we know the solution is of the form of Bessel function. So, now it will be we have to differentiate the Bessel function with respect to r and that is equal to 0 at r is equal to a. So, in other words jm prime kca is equal to 0. So, jm prime is what it is the derivative of the Bessel function with respect to r. So, again you can get this from tables these values can be got from tables. So, here jm prime xmn is equal to 0 and so xmn prime which is the derivative. So, this is the nth root of the derivative of the Bessel function jm. So, this is equal to kc into a from here kc you can get it as x prime mn divided by a and again you can calculate the frequency of the mn mode. So, here x prime mn is the nth 0 of the derivative of the Bessel function that means j prime m. So, now Bz can be written as again am jm kcr cos m theta and propagating in the z direction with a propagation constant kg. So, these are the Bessel function and the derivative of the Bessel function. So, this is and both the values the zeros of the Bessel function as well as the derivative of the Bessel function can be found out from these graphs or by reading tables. Now, let us come to the rectangular cavity. So, so far we were seeing that we had applied boundary conditions in two directions and the wave was free to propagate in the third direction. Now, we are applying boundary in the third direction as well. So, now it should form a standing wave in all the three directions. So, there will be no propagation just the standing wave form in all the three directions. So, first let us consider the rectangular cavity. So, rectangular cavity for the Te mode Bz is equal to 0. So, remember there is no propagation in the cavity because now you have applied boundary in all the directions. So, when you say Te transverse electric, so you would wonder it is transverse with respect to what because now there is no propagation of the wave. So, by convention we take it as transverse to the z direction. So, transverse electric means that means the electric field is transverse to the z direction. So, Bz is equal to 0. So, Bz will exist and now if you solve it again, if you solve the wave equation in x, y, z and you apply the boundary conditions that the normal component of magnetic field is 0 and tangential component of electric field is 0, you will get a standing wave in all the three directions. So, you see here a cosine variation in x cosine variation in y and a sinusoidal variation in z and it is no longer of the propagating wave. So, there is no kg involved here. So, earlier you had this expression e to the power of i kg z minus omega t. So, now this kg term is not there, we are just left with this time variation. So, there is only time variation, there is no variation, there is no now propagation in the z direction, it is a standing wave in all the three directions. Again as before you can find out the cutoff frequency. So, now you have boundaries in three directions. So, you will have m, n and p where m, n and p are integers. So, omega c m and p is given by is equal to pi c under root m square by a square plus m square by b square plus b square by d square. So, you see that the cutoff frequency of all the modes it depends only on the dimension of the system, others are all constant. Similarly, now for the tm mode, tm mode can also exist in the cavity, we have vz is equal to 0 and if you solve it, you get ez is equal to e0. So, sinusoidal variation in x, sinusoidal variation in y and the cosine variation in z and no propagation just a time variation, the fields are varying in time. So, just remember the case of the stretch string. So, here it is in the stretch string also there is no variation with space, the ends have zero displacement and the center point has maximum displacement, but there is always variation with time. So, just like that here, there is variation with time, but no variation with space. So, the cutoff frequency is again given by the same formula for both te and tm modes. And here m, n and p are integers and they represent half way variation in the fields in the x, y and z direction respectively. Next is the cylindrical cavity, now cylindrical cavity also again similar way we can solve. Now, here we put n plates at z is equal to 0 and at z is equal to l. So, here it is now closed in all the three directions. A cylindrical waveguide was open in the z direction, but now we have put in plates here at both the ends. So, now it is closed. So, a cylindrical cavity is generally used for acceleration and you can solve for the fields in the cavity by for e z and b z for either tm mode or te mode. And I have written the results here directly. So, here for the tm mode b z is equal to 0. And when you so you can put e z in the wave equation and then put the boundary conditions that the tangential component of electric field is 0 and normal component of magnetic field is 0 and solve for it and then you will get e z like this. So, you see that the e z has a Bessel function dependence in R and cosine function in theta dependence in theta and z. So, this is similar to the case of the waveguide. Now, since it is bounded in the z direction also.  From e z you can find out the values of e r, e theta, b r and b theta and they are shown here. So, everywhere notice that the variation in r depends upon the Bessel function or the derivative of the Bessel function whereas the dependence in the theta and z direction are sinusoidal. You can calculate the frequency. So, here the frequency the cutoff frequency or the frequency of the Mnp modes where Mnp are integers is given by this formula it is c by 2 pi under root xmn square by rc square rc is the radius of the cavity plus p pi by l square l is the length of the cavity and as before as in the case of waveguide xmn is the nth 0 of the Bessel function jm and xmn is simply kmn into rc. Similarly, you can solve for similarly you can solve for Te mode in this case e z is equal to 0 and you can find out the value of bz. So, again bz if you see in the radial direction it has dependence it has a Bessel function dependence and in theta and z direction it has cosine sign variations this is true for all the components. So, you can find out the cutoff frequency here the cutoff frequency is different from the the formula for cutoff frequency is different from that of the Tm mode. So, here it is c by 2 pi x prime square mn by rc plus p pi by l square. So, here this is the nth root or the nth 0 of the derivative of the Bessel function. So, there it was for the Tm mode it was nth 0 of the Bessel function jm. So, let us see how the modes are in a cavity. Now, let us say we have so, both Tm and Te modes can exist depending on the values of m, n and p. So, let us say you have mode 1 at frequency fc 1, mode 2 at frequency fc 2, mode 3 and 4 at frequency fc 3 and so on. So, there will be there will be many such modes. Now, since boundaries are applied in all the three directions the electromagnetic wave is a standing wave in all the three directions. So, there is no propagating wave. So, only discrete frequencies are allowed. So, only when this electromagnetic wave that you try to put inside the cavity when it matches with these values that means it matches with the frequency of these modes. So, it is equal to fc 1 or it is equal to fc 2 or fc 3 only then the electromagnetic wave will enter inside the cavity. At any frequency in between these frequencies the electromagnetic wave will be reflected there because there is no propagation in the case of waveguide. So, if you had put in the wave in between the two frequencies it would have adjusted the wavelength of propagation and would propagate inside the waveguide. But here since it is forming a standing wave in all the three directions. So, here what is happening is that only when you feed in power at these frequencies the electromagnetic wave enters inside the cavity at all other frequencies it is reflected back. So, only for these frequencies the wave will enter the cavity and it will form a standing wave pattern corresponding to that mode. So, just summarizing what we did today we saw a rectangular waveguide. So, here this is the cutoff frequency for Mn mode for both Te and Tn the formula is the same. For circular waveguide we have different formulas for the cutoff frequency for the Mn mode. So, here it is in the case of Te mode it is we take derivative. So, X prime Mn this is the Nx0 of the derivative of the Bessel function. And then from waveguides we went to cavity. So, in the cavity again in the rectangular cavity the formula for cutoff frequency it depends upon the dimensions of all the three systems and we saw that the formula is the same for both Te Mn P modes and Tm Mn P modes. In a circular cavity the formula is different for both Te and Te and Te Mn P modes. So, there will be P here. So, to summarize in a waveguide the wave forms standing wave in the direction in which there are conducting boundaries. In order to satisfy the boundary conditions at these boundaries. In the direction in which there are no boundaries it is still going to be a travelling wave. So, in a waveguide any frequency above the cutoff frequency is propagated and the wave propagates in the modes that are allowed. In a cavity since there are conducting boundaries in all the three directions the electromagnetic wave is a standing wave in all the three directions there is no propagating wave. So, only discrete frequencies are allowed and only at these frequencies of the modes the wave will enter the cavity and form standing wave pattern corresponding to that mode. Any other frequency is reflected back. So, in the next lecture we will see the field pattern for different modes in a cavity we will try to understand how the field patterns look for look like for different modes in the cavity and we will try to understand that how acceleration is done using these modes of a cavity. So, because our actual aim was so remember Alvarez what did he propose he said that to use the electric fields associated with the electromagnetic waves in a high Q cavity. So, now we know how the electromagnetic waves in a cavity look like and then we will see that how using these fields we can accelerate. So, that is in the next lecture.


Hey everyone, it's theCUBE Live in Las Vegas at Mandalay Bay covering Clickworld 2023. Lisa Martin here with Dave Vellante. We've had some great conversations. Today is day one, yesterday was partner day, today's day one, tomorrow is a day you will not want to miss. Lots of show and sell are going to happen. We have a CUBE OG with us. James Fisher is back with theCUBE after a long time away. The Chief Product Officer at Click. Welcome James, great to have you. Yeah, it's great to be here. Great to be here again after all that time. Yeah, right, yeah. So, you've been with Click for nearly nine years. You've seen a lot of evolution. Our first guest this morning was Mike Capone, your CEO with Crawford Dell Print from IDC. And he was talking about just all, so much change in innovation and growth in the last five years he's been here. You've seen a tremendous evolution at the Click platform. Talk to us about what that journey's been like. Yeah, well I'm going to actually talk a little bit about that tomorrow in the keynote. But before we get to that, I think for me I joined in 2014 and Click was just at the point where we were pivoting our strategy away from ClickView and purely guided analytics built by a few and consumed by the many to really opening up the aperture of the different types of analytic capabilities that were needed. Broadening that out into self-service, which of course means lots of many different things to many different people. But it's all about reaching more and more users in our customer base. And as we started to do that, it became like a snowball rolling down the hill. It gathered more and more momentum. And as that happened, we've gathered more and more capabilities to the platform as well. We've enriched the visualization framework. We've changed the paradigm of analytics, not just from diagnostic and descriptive, but now looking at predictive and prescriptive analytics, bringing in AI all through ML, augmenting the way people ask questions. So the analytic capability is built out. And as we've done that, the value of the pipeline has become more and more exciting as well. We're starting to bridge the gap between data engineers, data consumers with the catalog. And then recognizing that we've had so many conversations around the amount of data that's available. I think that's probably one of the very first conversations that Dave, you and I ever had on the cube here. But ultimately, what that's about now is recognizing that we need to help customers put all of that together, create a data fabric, and the platforms just evolved around all of that. So you're talking about data fabric. We've talked a little bit about data fabric, data mesh. What does that mean, data fabric to you? So I think there are lots of conversations and discussions around, is it a data fabric? Is it a data mesh? How does one relate to the other or not? For me, it's just quite simple. It's about making sure you've got all of the assets you need to bring all of the data that you need to answer a question. Think of it as treating data as a product, which is a term that I'm increasingly hearing from executives in organizations all around the world. You create that fabric, bring all the data you need to answer business questions, and then you focus on usability and the consumption of that. Yeah, I think data as a product is a powerful concept. The reason I ask is because we still have, think about the data lifecycle, the data pipeline. We still have these very hyper-specialized individuals, data, the quality engineer, the analyst, the data scientist, that there's been some, there's definitely movement on helping them work together. But you've talked about democratization all the time, and actually putting data in the hands of the users. That's what I think about when I think of data fabric, data mesh, whatever you want to call it. It's about being able to get the data when I need it as a business user right away, that it's accurate, it's trusted, it's governed, it's shareable if I want to share it. Is that where you're headed? Absolutely, I think for us, and certainly for me, my responsibility of thinking about our product vision, our roadmap, and our strategy, be able to articulate an end to end value proposition and tell that to someone that cares about it, right? You know, line of business executives, CROs, heads of the supply chain function, they're focused on solving real business problems, and we need to make sure they have all of the component parts to do that. But in order to get the right pieces in the right place, we need to still focus on the people that are using our products, that are building those data pipeline. So we need to give those capabilities that a data engineer needs. We need to give those capabilities that are sit as a data scientist. I don't really like that term, but they need, or the analyst, or the operational worker, or the knowledge worker. So we can't lose focus of those individual parts as we think about the whole. Yeah, data scientists don't like that term either, but it's interesting where you've come from as a company, because you came from the world of Viz and sort of worked into the data integration piece. It's, I don't know, I always thought that was the harder part, you know, the back end. But you've done it with a lot of M&A. So my question to you as the head of product, how have you created that singular customer experience? Is it a secret sauce that you have in terms of the types of companies that you have from a lot of companies? Take like a service now. Service now, historically, wouldn't buy a company unless they were sort of built in that service now. Platforms have fit right in nicely. You've seen so many horror stories of companies buying M&A for growth. Nothing sort of fit together. And then, you know, the company ends up getting bought. Right, and it's EMC, classic example. I mean, it's hardware, but still. You've seen it in the software as well. Very challenging problem. How have you been able to succeed in that challenge? So if you're talking about sort of how we think about solving customer problems and addressing those, bringing those components together. Integration from your product standpoint. So I think it all focuses on what do we need to solve? What is the problem? Part of the product management lifecycle, right? What problem are you trying to solve? Is the first question you absolutely have to ask. Once you know the answer to that, then you can start to build out the solution that sits around it. So we've built a roadmap of different capabilities that have come organically and inorganically into the portfolio. We talked about just a few of those in Mike's keynote this morning. But as we do that, we have to think about usability. Who the user is, how we bring it together. Take the time to integrate capability rapidly into a singular user experience. What is that flow? So all of those pieces have to come together to make that sort of dichotomy of organic and inorganic innovation work. Is it just easier to do today than when we met like 10 or 12 years ago? Maybe it is, maybe it isn't. But I mean, you make it sound simple. But I mean, like, look at Oracle. They spent, wow, a decade plus building Fusion. Do you have a sort of secret sauce there? Did you build, is that the organic technology? I think we've had a singular vision in terms of what we want to do. And we've sort of held ourselves to that. We operate under three kind of key guiding principles. That we are a cloud company, so we'll deliver cloud first, but not cloud only. We'll respect our customer's data and the location in which it ever always resides. And we'll protect customers' investments. Every time we approach one of these challenges and we sort of analyze it against those criteria, then it guides you, it keeps you structured. And I think cutting some of the noise out of things is how it becomes a little bit easier. And the cloud platform certainly helps. That's the fundamental foundation on which we're building all of these services. And that's how it kind of hangs together. You say the technology's not the hard part unless you make it the hard part, right? A lot of times companies will start with the technology and try to force it in and figure it out later. That applies to analytics as well, right? The visualization is the easy part. It's the data pipeline that fuels that, that really creates the value. Talk a little bit about the culture at click. Obviously, one of the things Mike was talking about this morning is the 30th anniversary of the company, mature business, we talked about, you did a great job of talking about its evolution in your tenure there. But the culture has to be there to support change and growth and pivots. Talk a little bit about that and how that's a facilitator of today's point. All the integration, pun intended, that needs to be done with the strategy of growth that you have. Yeah, so I think that you're only going to look around this incredible venue, right? Just to see the passion that's in the room from all of the customers, all the partners, and all of the click folks that are here, right? You know, you cut us and we bleed green. Some of us bleed green with a shade of analytics. Some of us bleed green with a shade of data integration. And there, that's the real kind of foundation of everything that we do. That passion for solving problems, but doing that in a way that we support customers. And as long as we keep doing that, then I think the integration challenge is the decisions that we have to make. We can't do everything, right? And we have to make decisions, communicate clearly. That really, for me, sits the heart of everything that we're doing. So 38,000 plus customers to this day in over 100 countries. Talk a little bit about the customers. I know there's an executive advisory council. We had some of those customers on earlier today. The slide was shown. I think Chris Powell was saying there's about 50 of them. No, I think that was the luminary program. And I think that was the luminary. Okay, but in terms of the customer involvement in the product strategy that you're delivering, talk a little bit about what I am imagining as a very symbiotic relationship. Absolutely, and look, that's one of the themes of what I'll be talking about tomorrow, right? Customer feedback is at the heart of everything we're doing. It drives over 80% of all of our product deliverables come from customer and indeed partner feedback. And that is the start of our innovation pipeline. From there, we prioritize, we execute, we deliver, but then we monitor, we drive adoption, we test that adoption, we get great insight through the cloud platform on how people are using. So we now can create that closed loop cycle and feedback is valid at every single step of that journey. It's just got to be a good click on click story in there somewhere. I think, well, all of our telemetry is in a click application, as you can imagine. It's okay, so I get the customer, I mean, everybody's customer obsessed these days, right? So, do you have a secret sauce with customer obsession, right? I mean, I don't know one company that doesn't say we start with the customer, but when you really peel the onion, you say, okay, this one does. You kind of, you know what I'm saying, James, you can see the ones that say it and the ones that walk the walk, not just talk the talk. So what is it about click that you can tell me that gives you like the passion and the confidence that you guys actually are able to take that customer feedback and it's really important, decode it. It's like Steve Jobs says, ask the customer what they want. They're not going to tell you the iPhone, right? So there's an art there as well. I mean, you could set up customer advisory boards and you can look at the data. So how have you guys been able to be successful at that? I think it's just in the DNA, right? You asked for the secret sauce. I think it's the DNA and it goes back, go back 30 years to where click started. It started with some innovative guys in Tetra Pak trying to solve some business problems. And it was all built around the idea of how do we take the power of the human, right? The ability, the human intuition, the ability to ask a question and marry that with the power of the database, with the machine. And it was a very customer centric, sort of innovation that started 30 years ago. And it went from that customer to the next customer, which was AstraZeneca. And then it went to the next customer and then you get to 38,000 customers. And I think that's just been ingrained in everything that we've done and everything that we've spoken about. I think that's why that we, on all of our badges for this event, it says clickies. I like that, clickies. All right, so give us a few nuggets tomorrow we know. We want to be in the keynote tomorrow. A lot of hands-on, a lot of probably great news. What are some of the teasers you can give to our audience so that they are there online or in person tomorrow morning? Well, yeah, though, I want to see everybody there, bright and breezy tomorrow morning. The session tomorrow I think is going to really focus in on that evolution of the platform, why customer feedback is so important, the role it plays, how we think about that. Of course, everything that's happening right now around the potential of the future talent acquisition is really exciting. So we'll sort of articulate a little bit about how we're thinking about that. But then very quickly get into the value that we're trying to drive in our data integration portfolio and in the analytics portfolio. So we'll show how we think click and talent can work together, even today, as partners as they are at this event. And then I think we've got some really interesting demos coming in the analytics section, a little bit around generative AI and just sort of what the art of the possible art of the possible is. And for me, that's the big menu you can read them from the rest of the afternoon to get into all of these other sessions and stuff that's happening tomorrow. I mean, it's impossible to really predict what foundation models and what the potential can be other than, wow, this has a lot of potential. Are there specific use cases that you've honed in on that you're pretty confident that's something that you could double down on or do you not know yet? Well, the use case question is there always an interesting one when I get asked it, because it's a bit of a how long is a piece of string answer. I think as we think about data integration, from a click perspective, we've always focused on solving problems around data movement, change data capture and streaming, data warehouse modernization, data lake creation. As we think about how we're going to broaden our portfolio, we go from three to maybe seven use cases that really expand out into a much broader set of capabilities. On the analytics side though, it's almost what you can imagine. I mean, we've defined 23 different use cases by line of business for auto ML capabilities, whether that's customer churn analysis, whether that's sales pipeline forecasting, accuracy. So there are untold numbers of use cases and it's understanding those use cases by talking to customers at events like this that allows us to hone some of the features and functions we deliver in the roadmap. Yeah, and data is so complicated. I think there's got to be so many ways to really simplify that, that AI can support. I'm excited to see that. So in our final minute here, I want you to give us your favorite customer story example that you think really articulates the evolution that you started the segment off by talking about the journey that's been on. What comes to mind? Yeah, well, another little teaser for the keynote tomorrow. So I'm going to welcome one of the global award winners on stage. I won't tell you which one it is, but one of those global award winners who the nature of their business has just completely transformed. It's a business where it's foundationated in its heart. You'd never imagined that data would ever have played a role. And now it's intrinsic. It's pervasive in every single thing that they do. And they've been on that same journey with click view and guided dashboards. They've gone into that methodology around service. They've built a data pipeline and now they're in the process of moving into the cloud and embracing everything that that brings ultimately not driven by cost of ownership, but actually driven by the ability to consume all of these new capabilities that are available seamlessly accessible in the cloud platform. So that's the story. I'm not trying to give too much away that I think tomorrow really translates from data into real business value. Well, what you just articulated very briefly is clearly a business that has done a major transformation, no doubt, no wonder that they are a transformation award winner. James, thank you so much for coming back on theCUBE, giving us some teasers and some ostensible reasons we need to be there tomorrow. We thank you so much for sharing some of those insights and the evolution journey and kind of what's next, we appreciate it. Excellent, glad to be here. Yeah, our pleasure. For our guests, I'm for Dave Vellante. I'm Lisa Martin and you're watching theCUBE Live from Clickworld 2023 from Las Vegas. Stick around, Stuart Bond joins us next from IDC. We'll see you soon.


When treating a 2 millimeter lesion, every pixel of what I'm treating matters. At the PMC Lawson Cancer Center, our true beam linear accelerator allows even the smallest areas to be precisely targeted. Our purpose is saving lives. Prestonsburg tourism and shop Prestonsburg have teamed up to bring three full days of holiday shopping deals to downtown Prestonsburg. 15 local businesses will be participating and deals will begin November 24th. Not only is this a big shopping weekend, but a huge shopping season and we want to make sure we remember local. There's so much great impact with it and actually these these shops are really kicking off on Thanksgiving night. It's one of the best events I think that happens in our community. It's like a March madness for local shopping and it's or a midnight madness I guess. But it actually kicks off Thanksgiving night, runs well into the morning on Friday and then shops will be involved in Black Friday deals and then all the way into shop small Saturday. In addition to the local holiday deals, Prestonsburg tourism and the Mountain Arts Center will be hosting several giveaways. The rack cards are now out at all the shops, but you will receive at each of the the stores you just have to pick up one and it has a listing of all the stores participating and each store that you make a purchase at you are eligible to get a stamp and so collect five stamps and make purchases from five stores and you will be entered to draw or you would be entered to win a $25 gift card to any local Prestonsburg establishment of your choice, whether it be a restaurant, a shop, an attraction, whatever it may be. You get 10 stamps and you are bumped up to win $100 gift card from an establishment of your choice and we'll be drawing those next week. For a full list of participating stores and their hours, visit Prestonsburg Tourism on Facebook. For Mountain Top News, I'm Brianna Robinson.


Did you know that about one in every two people experience a mental health illness in their lifetime?  At the Telethon Institute of Child Health Research Professor Zubrik and his team conducted the largest ever Australian based study of child mental health assessing children aged between 14 and 17 and that they found that the incidence of mental health was actually really alarming. One in every seven children has a diagnosable mental health illness suffering in the year before the survey was conducted. One in seven, that's four children in every classroom in Australia.  So how do we change this profile? We know that exercise is medicine for our body and we're learning more and more about exercise as medicine for our mental health as well. We know that being physically active protects against mental health problems. We know that it decreases depression, signs of depression in older adults. We also know that it reduces the symptoms of depression in women who are suffering from postnatal depression. Interestingly exercise can be just as effective as oral medications for mild and moderate anxiety and depression. These symptoms and these effects are all apparent in the adult population. What's happening in children? Because we know that most children are diagnosable by the age of 14. Well we know that exercise and physical activity can improve self-esteem and cognitive function in young people. Most of this data though relates to children who are experiencing mild to moderate symptoms. What happens to the children who have progressed to acute psychiatric illnesses? Two years ago our team in pediatric exercise science in sports science were asked to devise an exercise program that could be instituted in acute care. This is the first time that this has ever been done in Australia and we're working with the team from Perth Children's Hospital and co-investigators looking at how we can best institute exercise in acute care. Children suffering from acute psychosis and depression. The data that we're collecting is going to reshape how we think about clinical care of children and young people with mental health conditions. Hopefully enabling a more positive future for them.