Ok, hi everybody, good afternoon, thank you for coming, I know everybody is a little sleepy because of the lunch and everything, so thank you for coming so much. So this afternoon I am going to talk about how to learn about the new things we have in Drupal 8 via the booking because there are a lot of new things to learn in Drupal 8. So upon me, my name is Eduardo Garcia but only my mother called me like that. You can call me Enzo and you can find me in social networks and github and et cetera using En-Solutions, this is my nickname and we know it's a new company, I just started just to be concentrated in providing Symphony 2 and 3 and Drupal 8 consulting just if you are interested, located in USA and this is the agenda, I am going to talk about dependencies, site, stores, services, roads, plugins and events. This is like the main concept in Drupal 8 that we need to be familiar with, we want to be became a Drupal 8 developer, all of them are new in Drupal 8, so that's mean if you are, even if you are a Drupal 7 developer, you have a lot to learn. So in my opinion, the UI for site builders or teamers, the chain is not really huge, we have tweak in Drupal 8, it's just for front-end developers they need to learn something new every three weeks because every three weeks they have some new framework in JavaScript, so I got some more, some more older than some JavaScript framework, so it's like every day. For site building perspective, the menus and everything is similar and actually they have a lot of improvements but this is like a little, with a little intuition, you could figure out everything. But for the backend perspective, everything changed, I could say almost 90% of the things are new, so all the knowledge we have is like, it's good to know but it's not functional now. So with which tool I'm going to talk today, I am going to talk about Drupal console which is a Drupal CLI and I am a commentator of this project. We have been working on this project for almost three years and Composer, which is your best friend if you pretend to be a Drupal 8 developer. So first let's start with the system. If you install Drupal console in your machine, the first thing you need to run is Drupal check. Why? Because usually we always blame the product, we never blame our environment and usually the most common error is we are not prepared to run a software and we are saying this software is a fraud but actually it's not. Usually you don't have the minimal PHP version, you don't have some PHP extension or even you are not available to connect to the database even if you are my SQL or SQLite 3. So with this command, it will be analyzed a little bit what is available in your system and if you are compatible to install Drupal 8. And how we do that? So when you install Drupal console, you need to run a command Drupal init and this command creates some configuration files and one of them is the PHP check and then this could be is a custom by your project. That means maybe this is the minimal requirement for Drupal 8 but maybe in your Drupal 8 side in your project you have a library that require a superior PHP version, then you could change what you want to check. Like it could be PHP 7 if you want but it's because it's specific about your project. You could check like again your particularity in your project is about how much memory is required to run the project and you could set this. All these values are just a proposal to have an idea what you need to check. Obviously the time zone is important to set. Also we have a list of extensions that must be checked that you have in your system. So the idea is you could include more based in what libraries you have in your system because this is for a standard. If you use something like integration with Salesforce or Melchin or something for sure you need some different extensions. Maybe for busy map or whatever you want. So you put here and then maybe you put it in your Git repository and then you are starting a new environment, you run Drupal check and you say hey wait a minute everything is okay but those three libraries or the extensions in PHP are not available so you need to figure out that before to start to work with Drupal. Now let's talk about a little bit about dependencies. As I say Composer is your new best friend. In reality for me Drupal 8 is a Symphony 2 application and usually people don't say that. For this reason we have a you download a seed file, you have some distribution in your structure folder but if you use Composer to download Drupal 8 looks different and it's because the proper way is like our Drupal application must be similar to a Symphony 2 application. Three months ago this was a security issue with some library I don't remember and this required update a library because the library was available from your document route but if you have a site using Drupal 8 structure all your libraries are in vendor folder so even if you have the problem with the code your vendor never must be accessible via web right and this is the way Symphony 2 works. Composer try to help you to manage all the all the dependencies you need to have. So for Drupal 8 is really new with people so we have a Composer JSON in our application. So Composer JSON are inside models inside teams or could be inside a big application like Drupal 8 or Symphony. Usually this is a file we change a lot and the first thing you need to do is validate the changes you include are not broken anything. People say Composer is really slow and it is most of the time but this is changing soon because they are working in some changes but this is slow because if you use Ubuntu or Debian maybe you are familiar with APT get stuff so what APT get stuff do is like when you want to try a library he verify what is everything in your system and guarantee that the new package is not going to broke your system is the same with Composer. So Drupal 8 have their own dependencies anytime you install a country model or a custom model they have their own dependency and anytime when you try to include something everything must be consistent so the process to check this consistency is really slow sometimes but there are some techniques to improve that but this is a complete whole session. So the first thing you need to modify your Composer run Composer holiday and then you need to get this Composer holiday if doesn't work you need to roll back and figure out what is going on in your changes. Now okay Composer show when you don't know the seed file for another Drupal.org you get a folder with all the distribution this is okay but the problem is like the idea is all this folder vendor is like a third party repository is that you don't need to take control about the version control so the good practice is install with Composer and put in Githin or the Vendor folder and then when you push or you share with your friends they only need to run Composer install. So after run Composer install you want to run a check about how many libraries have what version you have in your system you need to run Composer show so maybe you could ask and you say I didn't install all those libraries I didn't know but this is because this is a tree of dependency so Drupal.org needs this library and this and this and this so the amount of library we have is huge but then you can get a little perspective about this as you see none of them is symphony right I said before Drupal.org is a symphony application but actually it's like the most relevant packages but actually you use third party for a lot of frameworks like a same framework for feeds and we have some packages for phantom.js and so on so it's like we have a little Frankenstein but it's everything is orchestrated to work perfectly so don't surprise it's something sometimes your system doesn't work but it's because all those dependencies so now imagine maybe you are having an issue with a specific package so you try to install something and you say hey I cannot install this library because this library is not compatible and then you say I didn't install this who the hell include this wasn't me then you say okay first I need to check it out if the version I have is the latest version I have available in internet so I need to send the package so one important concept here you say you see it's Gossel HTTP slash Gossel this is how packages are structured so the first part of the package is the vendor so the vendor could be a company like sensual apps or a project like symphony or same framework or could be a person like me and solutions and the second part is the library itself could be Gossel could be HTTP client could be anything so this is the format and then I am saying okay please compare my current installation to check with the internet available thing what is the function and I could review okay here I am running 6.10 but the latest is 6.21 and it's in red sorry that means there is a security update between my version and to the online version so obviously this is something I need to really care about and I could check it out some other information like what is the REPL and what is the license and what libraries are required for these libraries so in this case if you see at the bottom so Gossel library is using another two libraries from Gossel HTTP vendor but could be external also so the reason because the tree of vendor is is really good big and it's really good to know about that so this is similar to Drupal status like we get how what models are updated what models needs to be a date what models need security things and it's simple it's a kind of intuitive so when we have a Jell-O they say okay your version is not the latest as Jell-O that's mean there are new features it's not compulsory to date but maybe you need to review and maybe there are nice features you could use and the red one obviously is like a you must do a date you can interrupt me you have any question so don't worry sure it's totally possible well not not possible that because the composer they verify that the other day you are trying to do don't have a conflict with the other libraries but sometimes not an easy task to try to be totally good with all dependencies sometimes you need to update several versions in different or intermediate versions to try to do that so maybe imagine you have this problem like you are trying to update a library that you don't know what you have and then we have the composer why that's is this library is is tall because it's required for this so in this example is a Drupal installation that have Drupal console and we require Drupal console but even if you don't have Drupal console this is a Fabian Potersian library Goat that require Gossel and this is another this is what they say Gaston.js this is a personal contributor and a small component library created for an individual and used for Drupal 8 and then your Gossel so it's not it's not simple like oh I am going to remove because it's not possible because you have another libraries so maybe you could decide it maybe to remove first the library who have the dependency and then install other it's similar like at the dependency inside of we have in models like how you cannot uninstall this model because it's dependent for another okay this is a tool created by Sensio Labs is security checker and what they do is they have an inventory about the security check reported for packages and models so if you have Drupal 8 installation and you want to know if your system is secure based on the security releases provided in libraries this tool check your composer the version you have installed check their inventory and say okay this is this is an issue that happened two months ago with Gossel that introduced a new release in 8.1 and when at that time when you run they say okay this Drupal 8 require Gossel and this has a critical issue this is similar like the Drupal status we have but this is a third party library you need to install it's outside Composer it's outside Drupal 8 but if you find it in Google's security checker this is a project in in available in GitHub okay so now let's skip Composer part and let's try to use Drupal console to try to learn a little bit so if you are in prediction we have a command to get the status similar to status reports in Drupal 8 in the UI so you get information about your PHP the extension not available and you get information about how to connect to the database and get information about what is the document root for the site and everything so it's like obviously this is the first step when you get a new site and then you need to run some performance or whatever first is run sign status right and this is good because you don't you don't need the Drupal user to do this because you have access to the database it's not a problem so and now we have the actions in our setting files even if you are using something like settings local or whatever you you have the availability to create a key value and arrive in your settings to be used to a way to provide extra information for our models this is a way to try to separate the configuration between the staging development and prediction and this is an example like if you are using a official account in prediction but then you are using to test a depth version for this Twitter account or something in staging in prediction and you don't want to push this among the environments so you create this kind of things and if you want to do a quick review about this you just need to run config settings the bug and I will be providing the current key value information in your site the last three is like a not the last two is like a custom but the others are like the the values when you install Drupal by default automatically you get a hash created and then you have a container for the Jamal's created in your website so in the Drupal console I know is is famous for code generation but actually what I am trying to show today is like a we have like a three or four kind of commands we have code generation but we have debugging that I'm showing to here and then we have a site administration commands to try to to use their system and we have this kind of commands like a to try to help developer in the in the whole process of development site the statistics is a command and I think could be useful to try to do an assessment or a site like I imagine maybe you are a front end developer when you get a hire to create a team you need to know how big is the site and what happened usually the clients they just provide the URL and they say just brought just browsing the website and then you will have an idea and obviously you could spend four hours doing that but the reality is not like that but if you run this command then you will have a better understanding a little bit with a strong numbers about how big is the site and what is important because you could say okay comment zero and then you say okay maybe they are using this cost I don't need to create a template for that good or maybe you could say okay would I have 755 content types so right so that's been okay this is all and I am sure all of them are different among of them so that's been it's a lot of effort in templating the same it's like I have to try to have a perspective you say okay you say the guy you know it's three times what you imagine why you say this is why so it's something so it's not my fault but at least you have a fund a foundation to say to the client is this is because your side is like this and if you don't have access to you could request to your client please stand the console run this command and then I will provide an estimation we have some commands also to try it test our functions is important to test with content but the reason we have some commands to create things so we have commands to create user note that's on a miss vocabulary is an extra and this looks similar to Jebel generate and is because right now in Drupal core we have a lot of things created inside the core one of the one of them is create sample data if you are trying to create a new field type you need to implement in your class a method call like that sample data so the idea is any content I could be created to make content by default so what I we did here and in Jebel do the same via UI is just collect the information for how many content as you want to create that creation blah blah and we call Drupal core functions and everything is created so the idea is you don't need to you don't need to install an external module to do this kind of features okay simultaneously so the idea is one of the most silly tasks that make most of the terrible problems in real life is put a website in production and this is because the process to enable cash disabled cash and these kind of things when you are going to production is like you need to click right and we are humans and we always forget the something so you go to production and say go live production is down and is for many reasons maybe the temporary director is different in staging than in production then your site go down and everything so we create a command to try to reduce the human interaction of that yeah so we have two states like a put depth and production so obviously you are going to go into depth we are disabled cage we are disabled CSS preprocess JavaScript preprocess cash preprocess usage and we are enable the views query output and collect statistics and enable the error level lock in our site so this is exactly what you do part of this task are creating using via UI by the idea is don't live a human do something that a machine could do because we always forget so you did the cash oh yeah and not really and then nobody was said you have to do this nobody do that and because you enable now you have an action to try to fee to see what is happening in your views and this is for the login errors so as you could see are the three four or five screens that you could do in one second using a command the second part of the side mode that is to put in in the book in the tweak stuff so how you do that and maybe this is complicated for some people maybe because you don't understand really well about services in Drupal 8 but you need to create or modify a new file inside your Drupal side which is services channel and then you need to put a specific entries in dot file and if you if you screw your side is now so it's better don't do that so we enable the auto reload for tweak we enable the cache and we enable the the book and we clear cash in our system as we solve when you the book the HTML in your jubilee installation you have obviously some suggestion about this piece of code could be completed in this case in the third in the top is like a we are using block HTML that tweak but if you want to be more specific you could use block Bartik search HTML that tweak is similar that we have this kind of stuff similar in in Drupal 7 but for front-end developer is really good but asking for a front-end developer say hey it's easy just modify a service jam on file you need to do it don't use that is only a space indentation and do this for is is it's not a point to do that I think but we are not perfect so how is usually we in the development process we screw our side and we don't have access to the database look for the reason we have a command to get the latest message so you just run jubilee database look the book and you could filter by limit or you could sort in the other way if you want and when you get the ID obviously you just need to run jubilee database look the book the number of the lock and then you get the problem and try to solve again command that could be helpful for people which without in software engineering background is the database table the book is you want to inspect what is your data way why this is useful because in theory when you run an update of a model you maybe need to have new tables but maybe the day fail and you need to confer this table is there maybe you can use it or maybe you need to have maybe you have a new field inside the table and now in many dupal console mod commands you have three or three parameters in this case if I only run database table the book I get the full list of tables but if I send a specific table then I could get the definition of the table and then you could say okay this is the update doesn't work because three columns are not there so I need to check it out what happened yeah the schema is the last parameter no this is the table the database you could do you mean in the schema you have our revision this is another command we have for that I don't I'm not sure if we include but it's updates you could run drupal update the book you could see if there are of the update spending and actually this is a good a good comment it's outside this conversation but sometimes when you are trying to there a drupal site maybe again we almost never out of data in our models right but then suddenly we get a security today you have 10 models to update one security and not no security but the problem is the update PHP in drupal until now it's like a all of days matter room perfectly in order to apply everything but if one of them fail you cannot apply anyone so what happens is people is hack the core or uninstall the model and this is bad idea because when you uninstall a model you lose data usually don't do that so I create a command is update execute that you could execute the day isolated per model and if you have inside a model maybe five of dates and the number five is failing you could say I want to play I want to apply the first four and then you okay you apply those and leave the the other pending but at least you could apply independently the security of dates in each model in this way your system will be a little more healthy okay you for non-technical guys we have a database client the image is loaded but it's basically open a client for SQL or SQL to try to execute queries and get the way how to connect to the database using command line so a storage so one of the big changes in Drupal 8 and was like the main the first announcement about changes in Drupal 8 was configuration management because it's a way to try to separate data from content right so we have we write these commands right config the book just to get a list of all available configuration in a standard Drupal 8 installation you have more than 200 configuration files but if you want to inspect what is inside those files you just need to send to pass the key to try to get the information so this is basic site information and we have commands to override or to change the values there but in Drupal 8 also we have a new concept state so we have data we have configuration management and we have a state so states are temporary values that are only relevant for my current installation that's been as you as you can see here we it's not in the list but it's like okay yeah it's the last time the Chrome was executed so this is kind of information you don't want to push in production because maybe will be have a strange behavior because production half is on SQL of lie and dev half is on SQL of lie actually sometimes when we create code like a to run a migration to store the last migration here and then we pass in production and if we transfer these values to production the migration is never gonna run because the watermark is here and maybe you are in reality you are here so you don't you don't want to support this so it's important for this command to try to to the book what is happening in those variables because sometimes and that's usually happened my code was in my machines was in a staging but in production doesn't work so when that happened the first thing you need to check is okay let's review the state variables all the values and compare with my system to say oh it's failing because this variable have extra number or whatever so we have commands to modify the value and try to restore our side again a state is not a single value right could be really complex could be objects or whatever you have in this case is like a to this what is what files are associated to the system team in this case is like a per team we have the info jamal file for that so maybe you could say why my team is not working and then you say oh why might my my new team is not listed is not listed here so obviously your team is never is gonna work but you have the option to edit and save and continue with the with your life services how many of you know what is a service perfect it could be 30 percent services is something we inherit from symphony for symphony developers is a simple concept but because in our history in Dupal we have a lot of people without computer science background and this is good so people who learn by empiric and now these people is feeling a little bit behind because there are really complex things related with computer science that you they need to learn so the idea of Dupal console is one of the ideas of Dupal console is try to help these people to get on board in Dupal a easily but services in this case is another story and any guess about how many services we have in a Dupal site installation by default almost 700's and the and the problem with services is like and it's about too much information and it's hard to try to find what is what is in there so from one of the things we want to do in Dupal console is like a the UI in Dupal 8 is for me is a point of view and a story right it's the point of view for site builders or for publishers but it's not the point of view for developers it's like a we are alone nobody like us so it's not like a it's not that way in the UI to see oh we have the service I am going to use this and then if you are getting Dupal 8 you say hey I want to do something and then what I could do so you need to swim and swim or drunk in the documentation to try to figure out something and do reversing generating and this is a nightmare and I know because I suffer so services in general let me explain this is services is a huge a right of object so each service is a object inside this a right with the whole information necessary to access content or some external service or whatever so some people say it's like a if you write a model and you want to expose the any feature in your model you create a service is like a API for a model what happened in Dupal 7 sometimes when we want to create a use of things function for a tear party model like a roles or API we need to use the ugly model include file right and this is it's like a really really old school so we don't do that anymore we if you want to do this if you want to expose what your model do like a flag or something you create a service and then you include a service in your model in your model and you use but how if you have 700 models how you there in mind what services is good for you so we create this command container the book and then we print this alright 700 so just to give an idea if you if you are a Dupal 7 developer everybody use the global variable user to try to determine if a user is connected or not the problem is this is no longer available so you need to use a service and what service unit you can use if you are 700 so with this you have at least the ID and you have the classes right so you could narrow this search maybe saying using rep to try to find maybe if you if you are trying to get the current user maybe you filter by user for session and try to inspect the classes and this is a short way instead of to read a lot of code into play so in this case just for for your information the service used to determine if a user is connected or not is covering users so this is the service you need to inject in your controller to do that and you could notice like a you you now wrote the search and then you get the IDs and then you pass as a second as a parameter and then you could expect quickly the class and then this car so I did the same and then oh for this is anonymous this is my service right instead off to say like what happened in the past is that you don't know the module and they all this model they they use login or not so you read the logic of the module and then you need to figure out but it's more simple to try to say I narrowed the service I need to check the methods and then I use is the same rotor the book we don't have a way well if you use a model name it web profiler you could get this information they're voting but by default is not there so by default in a jupyla installation we have about 200 rotens and if you see a roten means anything including variables inside so you could use that but and why this is useful so imagine and maybe this nothing happened to you but maybe you have your clients and they see a website page in your site and say I want the same but with a checkbox extra so just copy and paste and this is how the client thing it is right but in reality what you do is like okay the problem I'm going to say trust transmit the message and then you try to find an string to search in the in the code and try to figure out would be this code do that in this instead of to do that we need to be more proactive so you say okay he wants the same the similar feature in this page or form whatever it's okay give me the URL so using grab maybe you could narrow which URL match with the page the client one should get the ID and when you get the ID for instance the user login you get information about what is necessary to run to run this controller in this case for a user login ID is a form but could be a controller and when you get this information all you need to do is find this form in your code and now you have the specific form the client thing you need to copy and paste but now really in reality you could copy and paste and this is if you that's mean if you are using the proper tool you could reduce the time the the waste time you use to try to do something that the client never valued for that and obviously you get some extra information the thing is when you do this for each routing the output change because could be the permission the checking whatever they do and if this is a controller is different and if if I rest API change so the da is if this is also useful if you create your your own routing or if you think you create your routing but it's not working you do this and if not there basically you are screwed you are doing something wrong in your routing so it's a way to try to the book then yeah I am I am almost sure it's possible because this read the game we have the services as you should write right the routing is also another user right isn't it's in cash so when you write uh what you say is a router subscriber what happened is that change all your routing and push and putting cash so much to be available in the router this is this is why anytime you write a router subscriber you need to reveal the the the routing stuff events I'm going to talk about that so we don't have hooks suddenly right but now we have events so the idea and the problem we have with hooks is like a when we try to when did when do we try to determine what is happening a hook I am trying to implement it's really hard to to determine what's happening before or after my implementation so for the reason we have an event in the book you have the list of the books events available and if you pass something like a the kernel response then you could get what implementations and what order is executed for this specific event so that's when you say okay my output I need to get the output from this event and then I I could continue obviously you could play with the priority to do that sorry I don't understand yeah this is the order of execution so the same for plugins we do play is about plugins and services so we have about 45 kind of plugins so this all of them all of this with the id and the class implementation but if you want to determine how many blocks are implemented in your system then you have you have this list and if you want to get more information about that then you pass the latest variable and then you get the class and everything again this output change depends on the plugin maybe this is too simple but some plugins like abuse filter or something this information this is really useful for the developing and contrip as I said web profiler web profiler is like a x-ray for our services you get information about everything and I think in in in in my opinion you need to install jubilee with composer install jupal console then you install web profiler and now you are ready to start with jupilee and if you want to debug a little more this is a library for a symphony named bar dumper and it's a model named bar dumper and they allow to get this kind of output in our in our website to try to to create to structure things similar to krumo but I think this is a little better and this is all you'll have so if you have any question in the future so feel free to do a question in twitter using my hamdre and solutions and this is the hamdre for jupal console hello okay i'm just gonna do some questions i've got alex here thanks for the presentation very great and interesting one uh what is the command to get all the possible commands this is like it's jupal list jupal list and it will give you all the sub commands and everything else yeah so I could show you if I could get out here any more questions meanwhile I do this so you could get jupal list and we have our command separated by name spaces so if you want to get all commands related with generators so jupal list generator if you want to get all commands related with configuration like this configuration we have about 148 models commands no more questions that's cool um if we're gonna write or add our own commands is there like a way of doing that like I know with drush you can add this drush commands and you can add your own drush commands in is there one for your own commands yeah models yeah you have you can create your own commands actually in commerce they write their own commands for do that and then we have a kind of instructions so we have a command to generate a command inside your model nope i'm gonna go back to earlier you're doing some composer talking about some composer things and I saw one of the um one of the dependencies you had there had a something j s and questions come up I've asked it other people have asked it around me before was there are they like can you use composer to install java script libraries oh no no no no I understand your point again this is outside so I have an article about that about how to use reags in jupal 8 here and you I use composer to install reags and include that inside a jupal model inside jupal so actually if you find jupal 8 s e s 6 this is the first question the first response response in the Google so um we'll wrap it up there the final question I want to ask is do you have your bash prompt in as in a gist somewhere my what your bash your bash prompt ah this is fish fish oh okay yep so fish is like a souped up who's a souped up shell um okay thank you everyone please thank uh Eduardo Enzo I'd like to call him Eduardo as well


With a Gwlymiad, everyone? With a Gwlymiad. Can I speak in soft tones for those with hard heads this morning? Are we in need of some soothing start to the morning? Good morning, thank you all so much for coming this morning, I'm sure you all enjoyed as I hear the evening's reception into the wee hours, so thank you to those dedicated few that have managed to get up this morning and come to the start of today's OER 24. I fawr, sy'n ddiw i'n gwneud oedden nhw, y pethau Romur o'r cyffredig yn diddilyglio'n gwneud o'r cyffredig, byddwn i ddim ddim yn porog hon i'n dey� yn ei wneud a wneud i chi.  A rwy'n ddyd i'r ddweud yma. Mae'r ddweud yma i'w ddweud yma i chi o'r ysgol. Felly, rydyn ni'n gweithio'n ddweud yma, gallwch ei wneud y QR code a'r QR code yna ond ar y channel Slac Cat. Mae'n gweithio ar y link trwy rydyn ni, ond yn y link ac yn fwy o'r dweud yma i'n gweithio i'r gweithio ar y cwymol. Felly rwy'n galluے gael eiquétydd o'r canlau hefyd, felly mae rwy'n gallu gafod ar hyn yn zeithio i'r ffordd. Mae Lleinrwy Gweithio i'r Allanραu i'r Unedig yn ganferio cyflawni, mae gennymn iawn o ymddangos eirydd i'r unig yn unedig iawn i'r ungeisio lŷ o'r iawn. Rwy'n gweithio'r uneg o'r Unedig iawn i'r Unedig iawn i'r Unedig iawn i'r unig, a gael cyflosio maen nhw i ddweud iawn i'r ungeisio lleol iawn. Felly, we have about 3,500 members in total from all across the UK and internationally. We hope that some of you who don't know us might also start to engage with us more broadly today. We have a very broad definition of what learning technology is. Some people often say, you are the association for learning technologists, which is partially true, a lot of our members are of course learning technologists, but we think of learning technology much more broadly, and we want to engage with people and professionals who engage with learning technology for teaching, learning and assessment in its broadest possible sense. So we're certainly not just for learning technologists, we're for everyone who's interested in learning technology and supporting students and staff with the use of learning technologies. You might ask yourselves, why are we here? What have we got to do with open education? Why is this a thing that we support? Why is our logo everywhere? Openness is one of our core values, and what you will see that the Association for Learning Technology has always done is we share as much as we possibly can, completely, openly, completely for free, and it's been a core part of our values for a very, very long time. The Open Education Conference came to us, and I'm looking at Myron Deepwell and Martin Weller, who were the orchestrators of this, came to us when was it, Martin, do you remember? 2015, so the Open Education Conference was run previously, and they were looking for a home, and the Association for Learning Technology between Martin and Myron brought the Open Education Conference to Alts, and it's been its home ever since. And it's a really important part of what we do. As I say, it's one of our core values, and it means a great deal to us as well as it does to you to make sure that this conference is as exciting and interesting and professionally important as it is to all of you. And Tom and Garode have certainly felt that throughout in the organisation of this conference. It is important as well. And you might wonder as well why I mentioned Myron Deepwell, so those of you that don't know, and she thought she probably got away with it. Myron Deepwell was our CEO for over a decade. She stepped down last September and has been working independently ever since, and I'm sure she thought that she would get away with, not having to mention it all, but she forgot who she put in charge instead. So, there we go. You'll see on pretty much all of the materials that we produce, we always use a creative common licence, share a like, use it as you see fit. We really are keen to ensure that everybody can use as much as we produce, reuse it. Anything that you like, our annual survey results are publicly published. All of those things you can use as much as you like. We publish the recordings from our events completely for free and openly as well after the events. So we try as much as we possibly can to model the open practices that we like to support through this conference. If you didn't know as well, we've had an open access journal since 1993, so we do this in collaboration with Open Academia. It's grown and grown and grown over the years and is in a fantastic position now, a really well-regarded journal. So not only is it somewhere that you can go for information and finding the latest research on learning technology, but it's also a possible place for you to consider for dissemination of your own work and your own practices and your own papers. So do keep that in mind as you do your work. There's a fantastic place there to go and share. This is the right audience for this, of course. Our framework for ethical learning technology, and there's been a lot of talk about ethics, particularly in reference to GenAI. One of the things that we often do with members and some of them may actually be here, I think, who worked on this framework, is we share these sorts of frameworks, our knowledge and our understanding very openly as well. So do take a look. There's lots of information that I could tell you. Lots of things that we do that I couldn't even fit into this presentation. So do go and explore our website as well. We also do multiple events as well. So obviously you're at OER this year and we have our September annual conference coming up very shortly, and that's our largest conference on the broader wider theme around learning technologies. And that'll be in Manchester this year from the 3rd to the 5th of September. And Scott, Farrow and Diane Bennett will be our co-chairs for this year and will shortly be releasing the registration and also the call for papers as well. So if you've got something you want to share, then do consider that as well in September. And of course there's no such thing as a free conference. We're also looking for co-chairs for next year. If you've been seeing OER, you like the vibe and you think I'd like to be involved in that next year, then come and talk to myself or Katie and talk to Tom and Garode about what it's been like to be co-chairs, but we are looking for co-chairs for next year. So if that sounds like something you want to get involved in, please do come and talk to us. We also have a number of members in special interest groups. Our special interest groups focus around themes. So we have an open education special interest group as well. But we also have some UK and regional groups which people can engage with that do local and regional events about topics important to our members. We also have our Certified Membership Scheme if you haven't heard about that. That's a way to gain some professional accreditation and recognition for the work that you do with learning technologies and it's just another way to develop and reflect upon the work that you've done throughout your careers. And I'm going to end quickly so that we don't run into the day, but I just want to start by thanking our headlines sponsor, Ontario and to Robert and his team, for supporting this conference. To GoGN, and GoGN have been a long time through Martin and the rest of the team, a long-standing support of this conference and they've been a sponsor again this year and they've been co-chairs in the past. So a huge thank you to them as ever and lots of their delegates are here as well enjoying the conference. Instructure, of course, and if you haven't already, do go through there. I think they had some pandas yesterday. I don't know if there are any left, but if that sounds good, go and grab one of those. And to our event partners, Folter. And Entutor, and of course Entutor last night, released their white paper on open education. So if you didn't manage to grab a copy of that, please do go and grab it from one of the M2U team. There should be some copies of that as well. And of course they sponsored last night's wonderful reception and music, so a big thank you to them. I also really want to make a proper shout out to the conference committee who do so much to contribute to this conference. These are their names. Some of them are here. I know Alice is here somewhere. I've seen Alice there. She is at the back there. So we've got quite a few of them here. Laurie's here as well. Donna is here. And they do a lot to contribute to this conference. They've been running around, chairing sessions and helping out with that sort of thing. So a big and huge thank you to them. And I'm absolutely certain that I've missed lots of people who have contributed here from M2U to this conference, but I wanted to make a special mention, of course, to all of the team from M2U, especially M2U Tell team, who have done a huge amount to make this conference happen, including having to deal with my slides at the last minute this morning. And they've just been fantastic. Katie and I are on a busman's holiday. We've just been able to turn up and enjoy the conference and everything has just been running so smoothly. So a huge thank you to them and to all the team. And of course lastly, I'm going to hand over to our co-chairs who I think you'll all agree have done such a great job this year of just the themes for this conference, the way it's been put together. They've done a huge amount of work to get this conference together. So you put your hands together and welcome Tom and Geroad, our co-chairs. Even the second time, you still didn't mention your name, Kerry. It's Kerry Pini. Kerry everyone. Kerry Pini. I don't have much to say this morning really. I hope you all had a good night. You had a good night. I was told I had a good night. Yeah. We've done our best. I hope you enjoyed it. So look, whatever kind of night you had, we're very grateful to have you here with us here again. And we're going to make it work for a while because next up we have our second keynote. Okay. So this is a joint keynote in fact by Dr Catherine Cronan and Professor Laura Cernivitz. They are as most of you know the co-editors of this. I'm just straining to... Hang on. Help us out there. Okay. Thank you. But this recent collection of essays and papers and speculative fiction and poetry and images all providing different responses to that really important question. How can we build a better future for higher education? I think a lot of people in the audience have contributed to this collection as well. So you'll be familiar with it as well. But Catherine and Laura, of course, would be known independently as critical scholars. Catherine told me to get the word critical in there. Critical scholars and advocates for open education. But Catherine will be very well known to those of us in the Irish higher education sector for her work on the National Forum and the leadership she provided there in terms of open education. And I must say personally, and I know it will be the same for you, you've always been just so generous with your time and your ideas and your knowledge and that's really appreciated. And of course, Laura, you've played such a key strategic and scholarly role in open education in your own country and internationally, so it's just such a great pleasure to have you here with us. Absolutely. No, no, it's a particular pleasure to welcome you here because we're getting a different voice and genuinely, for people if you haven't read this, you talk about, are you saying about being open, being open to different formats we're so used to our standard scholarly piece. But this really choice to capture the breadth of human endeavour around and question what we're talking about for higher education for good, whatever that good looks like. Indeed. OK. Over to you guys. Thank you so much. OK. Good morning everyone. What a beautiful introduction. Thank you guys. Thank you to Alt and Geroad and Tom for inviting us to do this novel joint keynote this morning. And thank you all for being here early on day two. Our keynote is called, The Future Isn't What It Used to Be, Open Education at a Crossroads, maybe some resonance with Rajiv's message yesterday, we feel. And as I said, this is a joint keynote. It was developed jointly, very jointly, and we're going to deliver it jointly. So we're not doing someone doing part one, someone doing part two. We're just going to do this together here. But before we get started, we just want to acknowledge this community, the OER conference community, is a very special community. I know this has been said many times. Those of you who have come to open education conferences in the years past will know that. Those of you who are new, I hope you'll join this community on an ongoing basis. I first came to this conference in 2015 in Cardiff, co-chaired by Martin. And I never stopped coming after that. So this isn't my 10th in a row. The conference is a gathering of open educators from so many different contexts. And it's not just about educators who are practicing open, but who open possibilities for others. And in thinking about it last night, I was just thinking it's a very life-giving conference in a lot of ways. It's life-giving for us. We've talked about, but also improving lives of all of the people who you hear help students, educators, people outside higher education to realize their full potential and improve their lives. So we're really, really happy to be here. And thank you. Our slides are available at the link here. They are openly licensed, except we're otherwise indicated. Our keynote is also available as a keynote essay, because Laura and I did a lot of this development over a distance. We had a written version of the keynote, which we kind of polished up when we were together over the last week or so, and we've made that available to you. And all the references are there, too. All of the references, yes. Every reference here. So if you don't catch things or if you want to dive into anything, it's there.  So we're going to start by winding the clock back just a little, okay? All the way back to the 1960s. Guess who's who. Both Laura and I were children in the 1960s, and I was born in the U.S. I was born in the Bronx in New York City. My parents were also born in New York City, but my grandparents were born here in Ireland, and my maternal grandmother, I was actually born in Caergynabar, which is just 10 miles from where we're standing. And in the New York City in the 1960s, it was a time of political and social unrest in very many ways. So there were political protests against poverty, against the Vietnam War, against gender and racial discrimination. There was the movement for civil rights, the Stonewall uprising and more. So that's a little picture of New York in the 1960s. And my Polish father, hence the surname, and my French mother moved to South Africa after the Second World War in the 1950s in search of a better life. They were migrants like generations continue to be. Of course, what they didn't realise was that South Africa was in the throes of apartheid. And the 1960s was also the decade of the end of the British Empire and African country after African country were gaining independence, which had a huge influence on my life. But the world at that time was only 3 billion people. And carbon dioxide at that time was 317 parts per million, which is apparently regarded as okay. Okay, we'll go forward to the 80s and 90s. We're not going to do every decade. In the 80s and 90s, I lived in Ireland, Scotland and the US, and I was raising a young family, had two children. I worked in the IT industry briefly after qualifying as an engineer. And then I moved into higher education, worked at the UK Open University, Stirling University, the University of Galway, as well as community education in those countries. A lot of work in women in technology, women in disadvantaged areas, and gender in technology. And in terms of activism outside work, I was active in anti-war campaigns, again in a few of those countries, as well as several feminist campaigns against gender-based violence and for abortion rights since the 1980s. And I was living in post-independent Zimbabwe in the 1980s where my first child was born and I arrived back in South Africa just in time for the elections for a new dispensation, and my second child was born. I worked in teaching, teacher education, educational publishing, curriculum transformation in both countries. And of course I was involved with anti-aparte activities during the 1980s and feminism from an overlapping context-based perspective. The population just as a snapshot was 5.3 billion in 1990 and CO2 354 parts per million today. That's us in Cork at the weekend in Clonicalty. We worked together for the past almost three years on the book, like Erode just mentioned, Higher Education for Good, and on this keynote we've collaborated on other work as well. Our lives are very different to one another, obviously, and they're very different to yours. So what we're saying this morning is really from where we come from and we hope that you'll accept it as that. We think that the conversations we need to have all of us need all of what we bring here. Work for change in so many areas. Think of climate, peace, equal rights. It requires diverse coalitions, intergenerational, multi-generational, and that's kind of our message today, is that we hope that that perspective, that spirit, can be part of what we do in open education. Next one. Sorry, I should mention that 8.1 billion, 8.1 billion in terms of the population, and 422 parts per million. Pretty tripled in our lifetime. So we are in a crisis and we're going to talk about that, about the climate. So today's keynote, three parts. The big picture. Open education at a crossroads and building better futures. And it's a good thing that the essay is going to be made available because we cannot cover everything that we would like to have covered. Okay. Just a photo, an openly licensed photo from Flickr to celebrating the beauty of County Cork. This is the West Cork coast. I didn't take this photo. We'd like to start by doing a very brief icebreaker. But we first want to mention Kate Bowles. We're doing a version of an icebreaker that Kate Bowles used at OER19 in Galway. It's a silent icebreaker, so any of the extroverts who are looking forward to getting out of their chairs, we're really sorry. And we had, as soon as OER24 was announced, we had some conversations with Kate about what we could do and what we might be at this conference. So we wanted to bring her with us today. So we're doing it this way. And as I said, it's a one-minute icebreaker and it's silent just with yourself. And I'm going to ask you to just think quietly and deeply about three people.  So think of that person. Secondly, I'd like to ask you to think of one person who you regret is not here at the conference, but work or other responsibilities made it impossible for them to be here. So I invite you to bring that person quietly into the room. And finally, I ask you to think deeply about someone who helped you on the longer journey to bring you here.  So, please think of that person. Thank you. That's it. It's just a reminder really that we're so much more than our corporeal reality. We talked about diversity a few minutes ago, but there are so many others that support us in so many ways, visible and invisible. So thank you. And now we're going to get started with the body of the presentation. First is what we're calling the big picture, section one. We don't need to say this, but we're going to say it. These are really not just obligatory slides, but we feel this is the only place that we can start. That society is globally suffering from a concatenation of crises, which is called a polycrisis, in the sense that each crisis impacts and exacerbates the others. The crises, of course, include inequality, including but not limited to COVID, the climate crisis, as we said, worsening each year, human rights crises, linked to polarization and othering, cost of living crises, conflict, rising autocracy, forced migration, and so much more. So we understand that these global crises are experienced locally. We have a lot of data in the essay that we shared with you, but just as an example, we wanted to make a point that the crises of inequality are both intersectional and horizontal. So, whilst disparities exist between south and global north, which we will talk about a bit this morning, no continent is immune from inequality, and this particular analysis looks at inequality within countries. So it's from the World Inequality Report 2022, and it's the national average income levels over, sorry, the ratio of earnings of the top 10% to the bottom 10%. So the darker colours are the more severe inequality. So it's not just global south and global north. There's severe inequalities within countries, and we think it's important to note that if this troubles the neat, global north, global south divide. And finally, before I hand back over to Laura, the climate crisis, again, just pervades everything. So 2023 exceeded 1.5 degrees C warming globally on average for the first time, and the climate crisis, of course, interlinks with every other crisis. It's been mentioned here at the conference with AI, with higher education. This image is from a report by the Post Carbon Institute. Welcome to the great unraveling, which is a counterpose to the great acceleration of the last century. And the report really talks a lot about what we can do in response. So we're going to bring that to what we can do in higher education, what we can do in open education. And I will hand over to you, Laura. Oh. OK, so the other crisis that we thought was really important to include was the crisis of conflict and polarisation. This report is the Democracy Index, and it has five categories, which it measures on a scale of 1 to 10. And over the last few years, it has been dropping every year. And in 2023, only 8% of the world's population lived in what is categorised as a full democracy. So the last report is called The Age of Conflict, and it's about authoritarianism. It's about polarisation. As Catherine said, this infiltrates our work. And related to that is the fact that the human rights, the director of the Human Rights Watch, says that human rights are under threat. The entire system is under threat. And it reminds us to go back to the 1948 declaration of human rights, which is about the foundation of freedom, justice and peace that has been signed by all the countries in the UN. And it's the basis of all treaties and conventions since then. And so this, in a way, goes beyond democracy and it goes beyond inequality to the fundamentals of society. But, of course, we also have to acknowledge that we now live in a digital, datified world. It is the water we are immersed in. It is the water we swim in. And also that the optimism of that early open web, where the web was going to foster creativity and collaboration and empower humanity, it's been dashed. And a thousand flowers have not bloomed. We now have big tech as the connective tissue of society, not just tech, but big tech, as Maria Ressa, the recent Nobel laureate of peace, described it. She said big tech is the cellular level of society.  So in 2022 there were 187 shutdowns in 35 countries. So the days of openness and the open web that we, some of us of a certain age, became so hopeful about have ended. But of course all of this is in relation to digital divides and those digital divides morph. It's not like they get solved. The goalposts keep shifting and they keep taking new shapes. So although it's true that cell phones are widespread throughout the whole world, they differ by type of cell phone, occasion of cell phone, once again within countries as well as across the world. Rural and urban being one of the main things, but also huge income divides. And you may wonder why is this picture here. This is a picture of people during Covid lining up in a semi-urban area collecting social grants. And I think for those of us who are critical, as Gerard said, it's easy to be critical of data, but data is really important for development. And data is really important for IDs, for grants, for overcoming inequality actually. And so what we like to emphasise is that the issue isn't data, it's the terms and conditions of data. And if you look at those people, they will be connected through data, surveyed, and ironically very often it is the poorest of society who are the most vulnerable to big tech, because big tech will come in and offer free Wi-Fi. And of course what they are getting in return is people's data through their cell phones, through the Wi-Fi, etc. So very often it's the poor who are most likely to be exploited. And of course we have to mention AI. We've chosen this image because we just want to mention at this point that AI reflects the society we live in. It is unequal, it skews hegemonic to quote Emily Bender. It's in the hands of the private sector, there's extraordinary data about the extent to which it has become in the hands of the private sector. But we are going to talk more about this in terms of what that means for open education later. Rajiv spoke about this yesterday. It's well documented, the underfunding and in fact defunding of higher education globally. We write about this in our book which I'll mention in a minute. The culture of the market is embedded in the higher education sector, not just in the practices, the very visible management practices, but in fact in the discourse and the very culture. It's become embedded very deeply. So what does underfunding look like? We know what it looks like. It looks like staffing cuts, cutting programs, rising costs, widespread resource restrictions, and so on. These things that we observe were boosted and accelerated during the pandemic but they're not just because of the pandemic as we know. The costs for HE are enormous in terms of the work that we do, loss of autonomy, opaque data flows, potential privacy violations, selling data to third party providers as Laura said, and threats to academic freedom in various ways. So the narrative of this conference and part of our role as open educators is to ensure very much we think that digital transformation isn't reduced just to outsourcing digital infrastructure and data tracing or activity tracing via data. Wrapping up this section on the big picture with a focus on higher education, even prior to COVID we saw many of these things that we spoke about and there was a sense of discouragement and even despair on the part of many of us in higher education. We felt this as well. So we were determined to find a way through the morass, as we said. We just put a call out two years ago, just over two years ago, inviting people to write about their work, their vision and provide glimmers of hope for the future of higher education, given all the things that we've just explored. And we published Higher Education for Good as editors in October 2023 and I think I'm going to include everyone here. Several authors are in the room so I want to call out Paula, Kate and Claire, Anne-Marie, Scott, Lorna, Campbell, Francis Bell, Sharon Flynn, Eamon Costello. So if you want to talk about the book, we are really clear that we don't want to take all the oxygen in the room about this book. This book only exists because of the amazing work done by so many. Sheila McNeill also did some artwork for the book and George Sogaras did the amazing cover art for the book and we thank them and all of the artists. So everyone who contributed really offered imaginative proposals about the future of higher education and we synthesized the findings and we tried to pull the threads across all of those pieces of work and we wrote in our introduction about a manifesto for higher education for good which we'll return to at the end of this presentation. So we have a few questions just that drove us in this work on the keynote to try and respond to this wonderful invitation and it was these. How can the open education movement and open education values flourish in an increasingly closed, authoritarian, anti-democratic, othering world? As it says, what's the role of our movement in general and open education in particular in responding to these crises and how can we call to action here, how can we individually and together meet this moment? So our second section is open education at a crossroads. So we're looking at the past, present and future of higher, of open education and we found this rich metaphor we think about open education at a crossroads and anyone who's from Ireland in the room what do you think of when I say crossroads? Had to be done dancing at the crossroads. This is a photo from Naachman Lee, I think it's pronounced County Cork. I had to pick this particular photograph of dancing at the crossroads because it's here in Cork in 1912. For those of you who aren't from Ireland, the phrase dancing at the crossroads refers to an actual cultural event that used to happen of where people would gather to play music and dance in the open spaces of crossroads. Crossroads dances were very popular up to the mid 20th century in rural Ireland then they were banned by law but that's another story. But it's not just in Ireland that crossroads are a rich signifier. They're in other cultures as well. We went down many rabbit holes when we were preparing this talk and it was fascinating to discover that there are gods and goddesses of crossroads in many cultures and one of them is the misunderstood god Esu who is in Benin, in Togo, in Nigeria and then crossed over to Latin America probably through various things. Sometimes it's different names and Wally Soiengke, who is another Nobel laureate, talks about him being a dialectician, someone who looks beneath the surface, someone who doesn't trust appearances. We love that. Then Hecate is a goddess of the crossroads in ancient Greece who often holds keys or a torch and sometimes is between worlds. What we loved about this is that this is limonality, transition. It really speaks to what we believe is this moment in open education and we realise it's not only us that others are using this metaphor. In democracy, data, copyright, there's some great work around the crossroads as a moment. We're going to take a moment to ask you what do you think of when you hear open education? Okay, great. Hope, access, care, potential, collaboration, scrappy. That's a great one. I'm coming to that. Justice, stories, potentiality, common good. Non-corporate, interesting. Long breath. Long walk. Long walk to freedom. Joy. Thank you. I'm hoping we're going to be able to come back to this but we're also mindful of time. Thank you. Thank you. The person who... Can we go back to our slides? The person who said scrappy spoke to the next slide. There was an analysis done of open education in the broader open ecosystem because we know there's open access, there's open data, et cetera. This analysis showed the extent to which open education is a silo. And we are concerned about that. We think that's given the broader stakes of society in general, we think there is a real opportunity for the open ecosystem to be working more closely together, forming conscious alliances, reducing duplication, sharing strategies and strengthening movements towards social justice. So it's an interesting report to look at. So we're going to now talk about our reading of what's changed in the last seven years. Okay. So really quickly, we looked at the recent past of how open education has evolved and then we look at the present and we'll move to the future. So in our analysis we chose OAR 17 as a starting point for a review of what the discussions have been in open education in this community. It's not a formal review. It's our informal one. We think research in this area would be really interesting. OAR 17 took place in London. The theme was the politics of open. The chairs were Josie Fraser and Alex Tarkovsky. We were on a final panel with Meryn O'Keef. I'm not sure where Meryn is. And then two years later we co-chaired OAR 19 in Galway. And the theme of that conference was to bring open critical and global perspectives. So there's been an evolution of ideas over the OAR conference. So we looked at the OAR conference primarily as well as other open education conferences and did some online searches of what was being talked about in open and what are those conversations like today. And we found this really interesting and we're just going to share some top-line items with you now. So firstly, were we aware of then so since at least 2017 the OAR conference has had a strong theme of equity, social justice and critical approaches. So it's really more embedded, isn't it? And yes, and indeed it has become more embedded. So it's encouraging to see how these themes have, as Laura said, become more embedded and further promoted and not just open education but higher education. It's not enough but it's great that there's increasing recognition. Present in 2017 and again is the focus on higher education and national and international politics. So national politics, conflict, refugee crises and so on. Also present in 2017 and increasing since then has been engagement with feminism particularly intersectional feminism recognized as someone mentioned yesterday as a key component of open pedagogy, feminist pedagogy and for example OAR 19 was the starting point of the FEMED Tech Quilt. Many contributors are in this room and Francis Bell was responsible for pulling all that together. So these are things that we're encouraged about. How about things that there was some awareness then but there's just some awareness now it hasn't really developed that much. There was talk about that we need more work on the commons. We're still saying that, we need more work and more attention on the commons and its potential. So our research shows little change in writing in this area, Paul Stacey Jim Luke, Alex Tarkovsky Open Education Policy I saw Javier, I'm going to go. We still need much more robust work in this area and it's been a threat of this conference. Javier attain us, Leo Havenman Lorna Campbell and here in Ireland work by Tony Murphy and myself at the National Forum and others and Ashlyn Coyne. So those are some pillars of work that's going on in Open Education Policy and we need much more. And finally there were early observations at that time that we need copyright reform that has just accelerated we need more work in that area. Some awareness then and our key issues now there was mention of course about the infiltration of big tech but now it is a huge issue and AI in education need I say anymore. Completely unforeseen. It's interesting looking at this because when we talk in five or seven years from now what will we say was completely unforeseen in 2024 we don't know. But of course COVID-19 the splintering of social media the bad actors and the dissolution of a platform that we all in Open Education used quite a lot to communicate with one another and the enclosure of open content. So again just some of our observations when we look back and see how the conversations have evolved. I'll hand over to you Laura. Just to emphasise we really think some more research needs to be done. These are our preliminary observations. So what about the exogenous factors? What are the factors that are from outside the community that we're having to contend with? And really the main most significant factor is AI. And we are in that group who believes this is a paradigmatic shift and that there's an irony around AI and open licensing because we are giving permission for use we are giving permission for potential harms. And we are already seeing for example with facial recognition software being trained with openly licensed images and those numerous court cases around illegal use do not apply to us and we believe this needs a lot of thought. We also need to think about the work that we do we're doing some really interesting work in AI but have we been reading the terms and conditions ourselves? There's a fantastic presentation by Tory Trust who points out that the prompts that we create are owned by the big tech companies so we are in effect training the AI tutors who will replace us and we're doing that legally. These are harms and these are harms we need to be mindful of. We're also concerned about lack of transparency the fact that these large language models are owned by big tech makes them very opaque and for those of us who are worrying about new governance models we are struggling to understand the rules and the terms in order to be able to think differently about open in the future. Even before AI there was discussion about future proofing of licences we know the creative commons has been looking at the principles of licences and whether they fit for purpose but the copyright turmoil that is happening right now around whether AI is copyrightable whether fair use applies it does in the US, it doesn't in Australia what about here this pertains directly to our work but legal is only one consideration there's a difference between what's legal and allowable and what we might consider ethical what we might feel comfortable with and these are really complex issues that need far more attention than we can do other than to signal them. But they're also endogenous factors these are factors within our own community so one of them is the fact that leadership is in flux and of course it's normal for transitions to happen in organisations but it is something we note that a number of important open education communities right now have gone through and are going through leadership transitions we can think of four nationally in South Africa et cetera and when it happens all at once it's a worry and the people who are holding those ships together are doing a fantastic job let me not for one minute suggest otherwise but they don't always have the mandate to take on these big issues these big strategic issues and that's a worry when big tech and other forces are moving so fast and then the other thing to mention is funding always funding I attended a US conversation about how open ed in the US can work together their identified funding is the number one concern and then there's the question of sustainability models it's a nightmare it's hard it's intractable but we have no choice it is something we have to do because other forces are moving really fast so we could talk for a long time about rethinking the meaning of open we've seen old discourses in new bottles we've seen open washing we've seen the word open used for meanings that are certainly not shared by us and with extract of free labour underpinning these new models of the sharing economy it really asks us to rethink what we mean by open practices and articulate that very clearly so we think that the meaning of open itself needs attention we're now going to talk about not having depressed you too much how we can build better futures I hope you're still with us one of the best things that happens at conferences like this is the connections that we make with each other so I'm sure everyone here has had the experience of going to a conference and having not just sparks of ideas but maybe meeting someone that you might then collaborate with in your teaching or write a paper with or do a big project with or whatever so we love seeing that happen at this conference here today many many people experiences and this conference has been responsible for many such collaborations like this one we meet together and we share our work openly not just openly but with hope and humility we have the opportunity to inspire one another to go further removing ourselves from sometimes the constraints and discouraging constraints in our own institutional environments so at this moment we really want to say just that we know that our collective challenges are great as we've explored here but we just now want to share our ideas for moving forward and it's there in the form of questions you know we don't have the answers but we have collected some questions we want to share them with you we did think at one point that we would stand up here with the solutions but we gave up on that yeah we did not enough time so here's where we're going to just return to higher education for good and higher education for good as I said we pulled all of the threads together from everything everyone had contributed and we came up with something that we called towards a manifesto for higher education not pretending that there could be one manifesto for everyone but pointing towards a manifesto so we've just adapted it here and we're now going to use that manifesto into looking at open education rather than higher education and again this is not just our work this reflects the work of all of the people that contributed to higher education for good and there are five tenets to the manifesto name and analyse the troubles of higher education challenge, assumptions and register and make claims for just humane and globally sustainable open education courageously imagine and share fresh possibilities and make positive changes so we'll go through these really briefly and then we'll ask for your ideas and then we'll finish so we've kind of done this one the previous part of our talk was really our attempt at this naming the challenges bringing them into the room knowing that that's what we have to address no matter what our work is so we're not going to say much more of that here they are definitely the challenges that we face in open education at this time of fluidity and unease it's a broad overview, it's a partial picture we're not pretending that that is the full picture but we just want to say that there's no escaping the needs to name these things in the work that we do and not make the assumption that everybody knows that these are the crises that we need to address it's essential in moving forward there's valuable work happening in many parts of the open ecosystem not all of it translates or appears in the open education sphere so we need to do a little bit more communication with other parts of the open ecosystem we are always mindful of course of overworking and underfunding so we just really ask how it might be possible in this time to have around naming and analysing could we develop a process to map the issues in open education that could be collectively created and collectively shared and drawn from how can we deeply understand the ways that these wider global crises impact open education and the work of open education can we develop and in some senses continue cross sectoral research underpinned always by equity concerns and as a broader open education community can we make the necessary projects happen and urgently it's a good thing this isn't a gusto because we're going to go into question time with your permission is that okay okay so in terms of challenging and resisting we love this quote arundati roi there's really no such thing as the voiceless there are only the deliberately silenced and the preferably unheard there are so many forms of resistance and refusal we're very mindful that people do that within the context in which they work we can resist silicon valley narratives we can try and use open infrastructure we can also think about our own power relations within this community open education is based on generosity but generosity implies power relations and it's hard to be on the receiving end of having to be grateful so I think that those kinds of hegemony that we might ourselves be enacting also need attention and here we ask how can we challenge these dominant and harmful discourses how can we resist extractive practices some people in our book have really spoken about that how can we counter extractive free labour this is a scary one it's hard how can we build the requisite digital literacies work that's being done by so many people here and how can we build inclusive governance arrangements you say governance and people freeze it's really important the third tenant is making claims for just humane and globally sustainable open education we borrowed this from social justice work which clearly makes the case that it's not enough just to resist and protest and adapt but that if we are leading we need to make clear claims to what open education can be that can help rally energy around what possible paths to better futures so we have to be clear about what those claims are and in higher education for good the themes that came out were just humane and globally sustainable that was kind of the umbrella term for the claims that were made in the book to the good in all its interpretations so we wonder how open education can operate in and contribute to ethical, non discriminatory non exploitative technology systems where human rights are preserved and protected we like Rajiv did yesterday we argue that the open education community is much more than access we must be true to the pillars of not just social justice but algorithmic justice and all forms of design justice epistemic justice and more it's inspiring to see how many sessions in this conference are dealing with just these issues so this is work that we certainly are going to share and make sure that other people know about we were doing some of that yesterday using our limited and splintered social media but it is truly inspiring to see the work that goes on here and it will embolden others and it already has emboldened others through the sharing that's happening these critical approaches we would just ask you to keep the perspective that you are making positive claims that again can be taken forward by others in other contexts to see how we can work countering dominant narratives and inspiring kind of imaginative approaches for the future so a few questions these are really specific but in terms of making claims what is our responsibility when we make a claim for using open digital infrastructure it's very difficult there are challenges but how can we do that how can open educators work to change the dominant values and models of AI what claims could we make open do we have particular responsibility and what is that to ensure data justice and again what is the role of open educators in raising the ecological resistance ecological issues of open related work particularly now in the realm of AI and we know that it takes courage to imagine differently and it takes courage in the context of the work and we want to find ways of speculating using different genres finding different ways of imagining and opening that up in this really narrow academic space in which we work it's hard and if you're at the mercy of metrics and all of those difficult parameters but we think it's really important it's the only way that we can find alternatives and we really need alternatives so we ask how can we use alternative border crossing approaches how can we support a new generation and we're looking across this room there are people we need to be handing the baton over to we have a role to play but in order for this work to go forward there are wonderful young people working in climate justice and in other areas that we'd like to see that all come together and how can we find ways of creating those spaces it's really hard and it takes courage and finally yes making positive changes in whatever area and whatever scope is possible for us we believe like many people here that change is possible and now is the time challenges are to be expected opposition is to be expected but all effective social movements for change that you can think of women's rights, workers rights civil rights, LGBTQ plus rights if you look back at those movements they encounter resistance people take different paths some people work for policy change some work for legal change some carry the signs in the streets some knock on doors that's how change happens so accepting difference amongst us as well about the ways that we might work is also important and the fact that there may be conflict that we need to work through in doing that all approaches are needed and all are needed right now we can, in fact we have a link in our essay to about a dozen or more initiatives of open education advocacy groups that you can join today tomorrow whatever if you want to be part of some of that work the questions here how do we create the space and the time it's so difficult for this collective work and for building power to ensure that change happens what initiatives can we join and contribute to again I said we shared a few examples but there will be many more as Laura mentioned how can openness be re-articulated in this moment the context has changed so we need to look at that context and how can governance and structural forms be reconsidered so we're going to ask you a question and then we'll wrap up Yes and this is instead of the Q&A this is this is an alternative that will allow everyone in this room to make suggestions because as there's a limited view can you think about what we right now in this community with limited resources could do leap to communicate as much as possible to people outside this community yes right to a politician in your university keep hopeful, keep talking help to your college folks advocate influence strategy and policy I'm sorry I can't read the collaborate with the open system more discussion demystify, dance at the crossroads be kind, come together support, start small, keep the faith talk to others beyond our community online sprints I like that keep banging the OE drum discuss the challenges share wow wow imagine if we did this for a little bit longer we'd have a plan I think we need a post script to the essay actually we can do that let's keep going sorry we just have a wrap up slide okay sorry we have a wrap up slide no no I was asking for permission I hate to cut the short please keep contributing we'll okay I'll go back to the slide chair just for a second include others these are beautiful thank you so much okay we return to the crossroads at the end these are some stones that Laura and I gathered over the last few days that we were working together in different parts of this beautiful county we who imagine open education that is just an emancipatory are many and we're diverse we know that and we face myriad complex challenges so it's understandable to feel despair and certainly overwhelm where we are but as we said other movements for social change have also that we're dealing with perhaps even greater obstacles remind us that a single action is not what solves the issues it's not what overcomes but it's collectively so working in partnerships in coalitions collaborating in various ways and we think you know and kind of wrapping up we think that this community the open education community is so well placed to address the challenges that we have this community has a long standing understanding and engagement with the imperative and the challenges of social justice approaches implementing social justice approaches this is work that we have done in the realm of openness for many years as we've shared this community also has a record of research and action on so many of the issues that require action right now so again open infrastructures, critical approaches digital and data literacies now that we're talking about AI literacies open education policy working across global networks what we know is required the open education community has been doing this so we are in a powerful and ideal place to meet the moment we think if we work together some networks are already forming so we don't have to necessarily create brand new networks but these need to grow and they need to be connected so mindful of time we could say more but we'll leave it there we just want to conclude with a call to action recently expressed by Mary Robinson for those of you who may not know Mary Robinson's former president of Ireland former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights currently chair of the Elders and a long standing advocate for gender equality peace building, climate justice and human rights and in Mary Robinson's words our best future can still lie ahead of us it's up to us to get there thank you thank you so much despite your best efforts I think there might actually be time for one question so does anyone have a question it would be ironic if nobody did a comment can somebody get a microphone down to Mary and thanks Jeremiah I want to say thank you for this talk and how inspiring it is you talk a lot about personal action and that the time is now and I wonder if you could just share maybe a little bit about your where you see kind of the next step you've mentioned some of the groups that we can join but if someone is sitting here thinking I want to do something but I just don't know how to start what would you say is a good stepping stone so I think there are multiple strategies we provided a list of organisations that people can join that are already doing this kind of thing we don't think we need a new organisation we think we need to work within the existing structures we need to grow them we would argue I think that there isn't enough integration between the open education groupings and of course there are differences and it would be imperfect but the challenges we face are much bigger than our differences so I really believe that we need to start working together across contexts across organisations in order to grow them strength because we really have a sense of fragility in this moment I'll echo that as well and we found in our work together in the book and even putting this keynote together crossing borders is a way to gain strength and power I think we found trust and courage in working with each other we come from very different contexts and many of us have had opportunities to work across contexts so much we don't know when we just operate within our own context within Irish higher education or within one institution so making connections at events like this and learning from other contexts and elevating, realising that some of our issues are the same some are different and again we see that echoed in other movements working across generations across countries, across HE contexts with partners outside HE so those kind of diverse partnerships we think are really key risk, trust let's risk, trust okay folks let's risk, trust and let's get some tea and coffee so thank you very much fantastic keynote speak thanks so much thank you