Agreed. You didn't get the exponential growth until the web browser. This is typically, I guess, the launching of the web. The internet was doing well, but it went to hundreds of millions of people largely because of the web, not just email. Regardless, we need in this space, we need a user interface moment. My fear is we're actually pretty far from it. Yeah, we could be we could be there are so many problems. Anyway, I think we can start. And before we go, we have to talk about two things. One is the antitrust policy of the Linux Foundation, which obviously means that we are not engaged in any collusive activities. The second is that we there is a court of conduct, which means that even when we disagree with people, we are not disagreeable. There are only the only two rules. And if you don't agree with these, you can probably leave the car. That's that's what I'm supposed to say. Anyway, Darrell O'Donnell, the man Jim Sinclair says he agrees to be disagreeable. Well, I don't know about that, but in fact, it's more in the line of a joke than anything else. Darrell O'Donnell, what can I say, he's well known for being in the forefront of the SSI movement, being an early investor in many enterprises that you're familiar with, and also a technologist who has written, you know, that seminal paper on digital wallets after having engaged with the community for a long time. And now, part of the chapters in the SSI book by Drummond is by Darrell. I hope that we can march down the chapters or sections, I should say, and have the people present on the different sections. So hopefully that's what we're going to do in the next few sessions. Without saying anything more, I think Darrell is going to take it away and perfect. I'll share my screen when let me know when you're when you're ready for me to take over there. Yeah, I just want to say that we are recording the session so you know, don't be disagreeable. That's it you're you're on Darrell. Perfect. I'm just, I've got some crazy zoom action going on. Let me know are you seeing open system preferences I've into new laptop. Okay, it's not allowed to see the screen that's why. And I'm praying it doesn't say. Okay, I'll be right back into zoom I just need to quit and reopen zoom not reboot. Be right back. Okay, while Darrell is taking a short break, because of zoom issues which we all understand. I just didn't want. Oh, here he's back. He's back. So I'm going to share my screen here. Okay, perfect. So I've got the this is a deck that I think some of us have already seen on this particular venue. What I've gone through is because I want to say Mike Brown indicates I'm the og of wallets. Mike is one of the supporters of the project. Yeah, I'll save a little tidbit for a little bit later of you know why we created this. This research project that turned into a monster and thus the paper. But this this presentation as you've been is very very much based on one I think I gave similarly last January. So just a little over a year ago. What's interesting is the digital wallet report itself. Let me just actually December 11 2019. So that was about nine months after we released the report. And so it's now been another 1314 months. What's interesting is is to me at least the bigger picture the broad strokes of the wallets haven't changed that much what's really happened is is updates and learnings and some surprises that that I've found along the way. But quickly you know I'm going to go through why we did a study. Talk a little bit about the capabilities and this deck will be available as the recording of the meeting. Talk a bit about the state of where tech is the business and markets and then a couple of these updates throughout the deck you'll see the this particular color font. I've actually got I've modified the slides to raise some attention to things that either have changed been learned been updated been understood more. So I'll just get right into it. So first off why a study this is where Mike Brown is one of the people who we were well first off I don't do reports I can't believe how many I can't believe I wrote. And you're, it's I'm flattered you call it the seminal report it's strange for me to have anyone say that, and you're not the only one it's kind of weird because I really don't do reports. I typically get involved in projects that are executing on a mission critical basis, or are potentially in trouble and struggling.  So why did we do it. This comes into Mike and I, at one point we read down and I I w. And I was just getting annoyed. I got angry. That's why I wrote the report that's why we committed to a bunch of us in Canada committed to throwing resources at this and doing the research and report. Because at that point in time that would have been fall 2018, I guess, every answer to every question every probable how will you do that all the world while it handles that. It's just simply hand waving. And as as a system of systems type of engineer, I couldn't handle it. So this lack of clarity in the digital world what is a wallet what does it do what does it not do was really impacting things. Just a quick sound check. Are you guys hearing me okay. We are hearing you loud and clear. Good because I'm actually in a factory that's producing some surgical masks in front of me and it's actually quite loud I'm really impressed with the audio of of Apple and stuff. So what what Mike and I were talking with some other leaders in the space is that the lack of clarity was creating problems at all levels. Very very small list of startups, Mike is with a relatively large bank in Canada. Everybody was getting this this this all the wallet this nefarious wallet thing is going to solve it. So really to for us as an engineer, Mike is both technical and business oriented and everyone else we were talking to is kind of. You couldn't really point your finger at all the problems we need to solve so we don't we dove in and just wanted to know where to start. What's that bare minimum of what what do we need to know about wallets and where does this go.  The public one which is what I'm dealing with mostly here is Creative Commons, it's intended to be used broadly by anybody. It would be good to have attribution but hey, the other side was a private report which was aimed at the main sponsors of the project, which was okay cool here's the big picture. Now, given your particular business context. Here's what makes more sense. I'll be talking about the public side and really you can just imagine any businesses can have a different flavor of different pieces. So if we look at the wall capabilities I'm not going to deal with these too much because they kind of rip through and we've all seen a bunch of these. I will point out a few things that people that are one really concerning backup and recovery is one that was concerning back then remains concerning the concept of vaults was what we the term we were using to over two years ago, which now if you want to deal with Tim Berners Lee, the pod concept diff uses the term hub. How do you support multiple devices these terms have really kind of evolved the term. There was no answer for where do I put my stuff that's in the cloud and keep it safe for me. So we called it a vault and that term has really kind of evolved into multiple spaces hub itself has has spawned into multiple places in multiple different distinct capabilities at diff. Then we got into guardianship delegation which still remains a bugaboo, all of these different things all of these capabilities were dug dealt with in the report. It's one of these reports that another one of the one of the one of the team members of the projects asked, he said, can I just get a summary because it's about 90 pages. I said yeah but that's double because summarizing and removing content was really really hard, but the goal here and what we found and drama and I went through and it unfortunately, unfortunately the wallet report has turned into content in the SSI book that's coming this coming I think the next month. It is a little thin skinnier, but we actually focus really on digital wallet and agents because we kind of separated the terminology a bit. But behind the behind the digital wallets themselves this is where one of the changes is we wanted to make sure that things were understood to be, you know, consent driven, largely speaking, in most of the societies that are dealing with we need to want to make sure that we're supporting consent there are different jurisdictions that you know it'll be you know it's it's my way or the highway and there really won't be any consent, but the goal being that any of this is run by consent is privacy by design security by design and portable and open by default. And there's a new one, which is kind of a refinement of privacy by design I wanted to bring this up this is just a recent clarification from. So a bunch of players again in Canada, more on the government side and john Jordan recently at one of the trust over IP foundation meetings, kind of just casually throughout a few requirements that that I actually I don't normally watch recordings, especially if I've been in the meeting, I went and went through the recording multiple times to capture the following which is this again this is new content. I'm going to talk about the two concepts here in the center here first off that these wallets, the requirements when we talk about proof requesting credentials how do we use them. They must support requesting proofs from parts of one or more credentials. This is a guiding requirement order for you know larger scale adoption to happen single use case you don't need this. But if you take a look at things like good health pass right now. You're talking about a vaccine certification that's tied to a passport that's linked up to a an airplane tickets and has rules that crosses all three of those other credentials that need to be processed in order for you to walk into another country at the border. By definition, you are ideally selecting doing selective disclosure on multiple credentials, or you're at least granting access to full multiple credentials. But what this really falls down to is that only one service this is down the road. We knew in the role wall report referred to the in the long term. This really is an operating system plan the smartphone. It's going to be an apple. It's going to be a Samsung and Samsung and all separate and say Android because they do kind of do their own thing in the wallet space, but really means only one service on the phone can can respond to such a request. You can't have a reuse a realistic use case where I walk up to a customs officer. As I enter a country and say I'll just use me just yeah just keep hitting me and I'll I'll respond you through these various different apps, you can do it. It won't fly. Literally. That's a terrible pun. But so that's one of those conditions. The other one gets into real confidentiality, which is the connections that are formed. These are those pairwise connections we have, whether that's between the issue of the holder, the holder and verifier. Just people must be confidential and the analogy john uses really good. And he said, it's like the fact you don't know that I went to the doctor, unless I tell you. Or perhaps there's a third party needed. And we agree that that third party is needed. In the banking space if I move more than a certain amount of money, you're there is a highly recommended. At least one third party to be involved. Otherwise you are very, very likely going to fall into the grounds of money laundering or suspect suspicious activity reporting. This doesn't make for a good day if you do that. But the requirement being that that there's no third party has awareness of that connection, you don't know I went to the doctor. Unless we agree and agree can mean that there are external requirements that force that upon us, but it's not a baseline capability of the technology to require third party. Similarly, that the contents of those communications are not disclosed. Unless the parties agree. So you don't know what I talked to the doctor about. You don't know what my financial transaction was about. Again, unless we want third parties involved in that. This is one of the biggest sort of aha moments in the wallet space that I've had in the last certainly year. And I wanted to share that one in particular. What about wallets you know what kind of stuff is in wallets we've talked many times that anybody has been at IIW or any of the identity when you're getting into digital wallets. There's a lot of stuff you put in your wallet. Whether that's, you know, receipts you may buy, you can imagine in the future buying a TV at Best Buy, and your Sony TV warranty is automatically assigned throwing your wallet beside the receipt. What Sony would love about that is now maybe they have a direct connection with you as a customer. Best Buy may not like that, but they may have to do it. All of these different things we talked about address books, relationships, consent, but how do I, you know, mark that I have consented to something, how do I revoke that. All these very different things that we put in the wallet it gets pretty complicated pretty darn quickly. So in the report talked a little bit about the enterprise. What's unique there about the enterprise one of which is scale large companies tend to deal with thousands or tens hundreds millions of connections millions of things that they want to track billions of things they want to track. Well, as well as you have multiple agents, both on the agent as a software paradigm you may have an HR department has one part of the business that they're handling. You have a purchasing department accounts receivable. You have messaging you have legal sign off all of these different agents are acting on software basis, but you also have multiple people, which is where you now have to get into delegation. And if it's humorous to think about now I mean I, about companies still using they still do this we talked to multiples of the, I would say the dinner slash beer discussions while doing the report research that you know big corporations, one of the most protective things that have their vault is a corporate stamp, which is kind of humorous because as a technology it's pretty outdated, but it's something that needs to be protected because only the people can access those very particular roles and responsibilities and actions that they can take really need that delegation what rights do I have as President CEO of my company. What rights and responsibilities and do I have as an employee somewhere, or as a member of an association. All of this delegation becomes much much more important on an enterprise basis, because when you look at it, I as an individual can sign for something. A corporation cannot, by definition, that role of signing is delegated to a human right now in the future perhaps it'll be an AI, but there's a separate entity who is actually doing the work on behalf of the enterprise and that becomes very important quickly. As well as the protection required at an enterprise level, I'm losing your personal keys is a tragic thing, losing your keys for a full corporation can impact lives of thousands or millions of people potentially, as we know with breaches. But even if I was just reading about a Reddit a couple weeks ago, a company had their whole ERP their customer management their CMS had a custom domain name service DNS resolution tooling inside of it. And it crashed, and they lost it. They lost their complete ERP and CMS they believe the company may die. And this is thousands of people who are employed there. You need to protect these things need to be backed up and you need to make sure that you know backup is not an attack vector that type of thing. Another thing one thing we didn't cover was the initial thinking was this and this has happened multiple times in multiple different vendors in not just the sovereign H hyper ledger airy space but other places that I've talked to where people were adamant that, you know, no keys no coins that an enterprise must and wants to support the part hold the private key and do all of the signing actions for their did when they're doing any decentralized identity stuff. We have found multiple people have gone and spent the money to do that, so that there's kind of this signing virtual machine that you as a customer have to take care of and feed. And it will do all the signing such that your your partner your software as a service partner doesn't know your keys. I have yet to find any enterprise barring and actually Jim you're on the phone. There are healthcare enterprises who don't want that. But I'm still betting there is a third party who actually has that service level agreements and a contract to manage those keys, because the customers don't want the complexity. And they've already been doing key management in various different aspects. They understand the ramifications of screwing it up of losing it of being compromised. What they want is a partner, typically a top tier consultancy type of partner. So they have a throat to choke when something goes wrong. So what's interesting is people spent the engineering dollars on keeping that wallet completely separate, having the signing capability. When it turns out, it's not a, I've asked people how many of you sold the answer has been zero to date that I've heard. We got into wallets and agents this is another area where the, the SSI and it's funny because I went through the report and I forgot to go through the book but the book actually kind of really brought the agents and wallets into what I would call a kind of a peer a top level relationship. So it's the agents are just as and I think actually in time, they become even more important I want wallets to get really boring, unsexy. We'll talk about different types of agents you can see on the right side here, running from messaging to privacy to, you know, home delivery, your health agent reputation management, all of these different agents are going to be there. One of the key things we also brought up was, you know, the term that I've used in blog posts and in tweets and stuff is who is in your wallet because we this does this a nap them but you know it's my keys. It's my wallet I don't want anyone in there. And I that's great. Love it. Take care of your life that way but right now, I don't have the time or the or the inkling to go and manage my own health records when I can have somebody do that. I have digital assets, things I want to protect and make sure that they're backed up. I would love to be able to tap a bank or credit union for that type of thing because they have the right infrastructure. So how do they join into the wallet. But additionally, what about things like a break glass capability for care for Clark clarity. This is the break glass in case of emergency. There are electronic health record solutions that if somebody is not able to respond you that they don't have a mental capacity. They're unconscious. There is sort of a bare minimum set of records that are typically available to someone. When and if things have gone horribly wrong and you can't answer the question. Do you mind if we look at your files assert or man. That capability is pretty key and really does start to become and require a third party to say, yes, we're in that break glass scenario. There are also insurance people who may be involved in monitoring some of my assets, people who just monitor things in general we may have auditors, especially when you get into a corporate capability. If I have a digital signing capability that is completely unmonitored, I've got a serious compliance problem. I need to have logging of that so there's a requirement to be able to not not not not make it mandatory, but be able to bring people into your world these different services so that you can either farm it out to somebody, you want to be able to reclaim it obviously, but to actually bring those folks in. To me the the message I've had over the past year and a half, two years since the report came out is that agents are becoming more and more important. Right now, we're still at the very most basic of agents if you take a look in the hyper ledger space itself. There's recently a couple groups released, you know a new version of a mediator agent. That's a really basic agent, you know, basic answer the question, where's my phone send this to it, as opposed to doing anything real intensive of acting on my behalf, merging things that type of thing. So, talk a little bit about the state of the tech of the tech of the possible and talk about successes and in the old report I really had very few outside the lab, there really were two years ago, none. Now we're seeing real solutions, one that I was involved with was see ledgers member past, which was launched a little bit after after the report was, but really went live, I guess it was it went live really in early 2020. And now they've got, I think they're approaching 100,000 live connections to real credit union members and they have something like 3 million prospects and the and the feedback thus far has been fantastic, but it is the most basic of uses. We're seeing more and more of those. We're seeing again the agents the hyper ledger areas is really one of the state of the tech yard the possible that has really kind of come into its own over the past little while. And it has become helpful for many different groups to to hit it in very different forms. We've even seen some hyper ledger areas work that's not anchoring down to India tank different networks, which is an awesome interoperability thing, but also where things working and failing right now. Right now, the single purpose use cases are really the only cases I'm seeing in the wild of digital wallets. When I say single purpose use case if I take a look at, as it just as an example one of my clients have see ledger with the member pass. The member pass is a clone. That's a copy of ever names connect me with a bunch of features removed. You can't browse credentials. You can't browse connections, unless you have more than one credential and more than one connection, which I believe would probably be somewhere on the order of point zero zero one percent, if not lower of the member pass users. They don't need it. They don't want it. They don't want to know about the complexity of what's a connection. They don't want to know what's complexity. What's a credential, because right now there's not enough value for them. So the biggest thing was that that's even stronger than I thought it would be. I've also got cases what I would call hidden wallets seven passes kind of one of them we do speak to it. The credit unions speak to members, but they don't know that it's using this thing called self sovereign identity that SSI term has not been raised in the credit union space in some time it adds absolutely no value to the casual user to understand the digital wallet with self sovereign identity you control the they get that from the user experience. They don't need or care which is kind of cool because we don't need to justify things anymore, that baseline we're using. It's just there. Where is it really hard to me this is the learning has been that the user experience is brutal, which is why if you take a look at member passage is a dumbed down dead simple. It's almost trivialized as an engineer developer for reform developer it's trivialized version of connect me, but it's meeting the need. What's really hard backup and recovery to the point that we say okay one of the features to turn off on the member pass side was turn off backup backup depending on how you do it is an attack vector. One of the sad things we learned about the the society at large, that we're kind of sheltered in the tech space because we're probably you know a little bit above, certainly likely middle class, and don't see as much of the desperate crime. One of the number one attack vectors in the credit union banking space is family fraud, where, and then here's the attack vector if I go and fall asleep. I use my phone, this is back or use my thumb whatever use my phone to copy the backup restore to your phone and I have no idea that that's been done but I'm no longer receiving messages, but you are. You've now taken over my account, and that is a major attack vector, and always has been is family members taking over accounts and then you get strangers and stuff, but the number of family members to do it is amazing. Another hard thing is migration. What's this technology is so early stage decisions have been made that at times have painted us into corners. So lifting from a version to another version when you take a look at and this is this discussion in the end and I'll get into our ability in a bit. So discussion is space over who's interoperable who's not. Well the reality is no one is, if you think you are you don't know what interoperability is in the big picture. I mean people among their own technology stack can't migrate from version to version without some pretty serious stuff so that's something people are learning right now. I believe largely overcoming, but it was a it was a, it was a learning in the space that was like, Oh, yeah, that was a pretty short study decision we made. How do we, how do we back it up, and then move away from it. Interop as I mentioned is a little hard I'm going to talk about that in a little bit. So the R&D is required. All of these pieces still really do warrant R&D, whether it be, you know, Kapilar academic research or little D versus full commercial development, all of these are sitting in various different places. Let's talk a little bit about standards this is one that I meant to, I'm going to cover in a second in more detail. This one of the surprises that I guess, and I realized when I reread it, I wasn't strong enough on my statements. I'm actually going to post a new blog article on what I've been saying as opposed to what I've written on protocol evolution, and where the standards are really where we really are as a space. The standards on on on the assurance levels was key to understand the panicking and trust framework has really really that's a big change I should have marked that I wanted and read. It has done a couple things one at the national standard level what's called the CIO strategy council. I'm one of the vice chairs and one of the one of their streams has passed a, a very solid governance trust framework guidance. And it was anchored on the public sector version of the panicking and trust framework. That was a key win for the industry because it's some of the best terminology we've seen it's actually quite compatible with trust over IP. Portability standards as far as trust over IP was really another learning. It only launched last May. It's got, I think there's a couple hundred members now different organizations is mean many hundreds of people. And the big warning I would say comes back to standardization and interoperability. And the term I'm using this again I'm going to start posting about this is what I call premature standardization or premature interoperability. I think we're kidding ourselves on where we actually are today and how hard it's going to be and what we're looking at. I'm going to skip past user experience and jump into the past the business that I noticed at the time I want to get to this point here which relates to both the standards and where we really are as an industry.  They're deluded and they're wrong about and they're going to be making really, really bad decisions on a business basis, because they don't understand the industry and where it is. If anybody's following and I'll share the link to this deck. But this is Simon wordly wordly maps as a concept. I tweeted out in just about a while earlier this month, where we really are now stage one is called Genesis it's the unknown it's that, hey, didn't see that coming. I wish I remember when I first talked to Mike Brown about SSI when we, he and I both I guess the prior year prior had realized it's changing how things are done. It came out of nowhere. No one has a clue and let's be clear. We still don't. The concept of Genesis and unknown means it's truly bleeding edge and custom means there is no standard. There is no obvious winner in the market. And this is what Simon wordly is on a great job of delineating this and I went through and each of his characteristics of where we are. There isn't a single one where we're solidly in two, meaning it's custom, which is still custom is a very exciting startup phase of an industry, but it is not like Salesforce is full utility now. A few years ago, it was still product the whole CRM space was product.  But this is where the thinking is if you think you're in a product or utility phase which is really the strategies you're using are wrong. If you recognize where you really are if you're going to go from a to B. It's really important to know where B is. It is far more important to know where a is. So don't kid yourself about where we are is my biggest message. And I've probably been harping on that the last about probably since report hit the ground. And just speaking quickly to what I call premature standardization and interoperability. There's my view of the world is that when we're looking at this kind of a technology. We're really looking at isolated proprietary protocols. Trust over IP is working to create what I would call a community protocol. There are very certain decisions being made or certain design dominant design patterns emerging. But we still haven't gone all the way to the various different are multiple standards specifications that need to be created that go into the full formal whether just over IP which is an SDO and can produce it. We push some certain parts over to itf Oasis W3C, etc. These things are sitting here at this isolated in community level, not where people think they are and the amount of work to get there is heavy. It also is driven by more and more adoption, which means you get slower, because you can't change everybody all at once. But I think we're a lot people are not understanding how far and hard this is. We're involved in the breaking of the back of what we call proprietary geospatial proprietary GIS back in the 90s. And it was a Herculean effort. The results though were I know on the defense space, the defense and intelligence space, especially the classified world saw cost savings of 10x. What was costing them a million dollars suddenly cost less than $100,000 in that kind of a ratio for data for imagery. We ended up creating what was called, you know, specifications and interoperability test suites, which has already started a trust over IP and hyperledger areas project. They're kind of merging together to create an interoperability test suite, because what the interoperability test suite did in the mapping age. And if anybody knows and watches on a slow connection, when you're on Google maps and you see these tiles come in. Even prior to that there was a standard that was driven called the web mapping standard that once the specification got to a certain point and interoperability testing got to a certain point. The industry stopped whining stop pointing at each other stop blaming each other. And as I mentioned the costs of data fell by 10x 90% reduction in cost. And that's when you change the game. It's also when you know I'm no longer on the bleeding edge of things as a company, not knowing what surprise I'm going to hit. There's an exact as an answer to exactly what does good enough look like. So that's a lot of work we still have to do ahead of us. The trust over IP foundation I raise that here, because it's it's new, we launched in May. It came out of a bunch of the work in various different spaces, including deeply and sovereign that that we knew that there needed to be somebody focus on the bigger picture that governance and tech stack is dual tech stack and I'll show that in a moment that was created, really allows us to. We've had very, very amazing to see the work at the Central Identity Foundation diff. For example, there was a lot of pushback on the four layer model because it's, but then as we as we as we work together, started to break things on a technical basis we realized this thing actually is falling into place quite nicely. They've got a beautiful architecture saying here are the different layers here's the interface between layers. Here's the various different standards or code bases that are out there and how architecture actually fits together. Just the good health pass collaborative. I'm co chair of one of the the trust registries group. It's hosted the trust IP foundation. This is pretty much where a lot of the governance and the big picture tech stack work has really moved over hyper ledger areas as an example in this particular group. The business side of it the government side of it's there over a trust IP hyper ledger areas is really where the code of the test suite sitting there. But the idea as you go through trust IP and again this is probably the biggest change to the wallet the agent space is this consistent terminology that we can use what is and where does an agent fit. Where does a trust registry fit whose role who's a governance authority at which particular layer. This started to really clear up a lot of the questions that were out there. That's it for me folks any questions I'd be happy to answer any any input. Don't feel shy. Oh, Sean has got his hand up already. Thank you for sharing that. I've been out of the game for about, well rooting from the stands but out of the game for about almost two years now. When you go back to that slide that you and john Jordan worked on. I think it was the second or third one in the deck. Quick question so I see it as it's with a split perfect. I see it as sort of the analog to warm introductions right like I know vipin and I know Darrell. And Darrell wants to meet vipin I just don't connect you to I say hey vipin I know this guy Darrell he wants to meet up. Here's the reason why I don't do that just in general in the real world. Does this open up though, you know, in this idea that connection should be aware of the connection parties need to agree. Does this open up an opportunity for verifiable credentials where I am a bank would be willing to use a bank to give me a credential for proof of address, but only for renting a house, not for being used with another bank. Yeah, or my airline would give me a credential for the number of frequent flyer miles but the rule set behind it the terms and conditions they'd be willing to apply would include you can use these you can share these miles with anybody but another airline. Is there sort of an overlay of rules of use or terms of use that you're seeing there. Oh yeah, totally totally this comes down to really the bottom level of that of that, both the the credentialing and the connection is don't force the third party. So let's take your example you introduced vipin and I. Let's do a double opt in which is the best approach right right up, vipin or myself responds to the message puts you on BCC that lets you know that we're going to talk. Cool, we got connected. We may just talk to each other, and you may have no knowledge of that that would be kind of weird, but it's not required for me to tell you. If you build into the bottom level architecture that it's required for that third party. If you allow for a third party. And I love the idea of you know that that's, and Mike would tell you it's the telco that does the address but they might be willing for a good customer to do a rental credential that has very specific rules that say for the purposes of rental yes for the purposes of moving money. No, right like what's the risk tolerance which they would allow 100% exactly and that would require more. They would require more than potentially you know, multiple credentials and or multiple connections, but at the base level you're not enforcing a third party in the play. That's all. So not it's not excluding the third party. It's saying, you're welcome. If you're welcome. You're not required them. Thank you for that and the only other question I have is around the side. You mentioned agents later on the deck. Is there a possibility, based on a relationship that I create that I'd be forced to use an agent like an audit that agent for auditing. For example, I could see, I could see actually yes. I believe I can speak to this or generically speaking. There are banks that have that will bank companies that are mining crypto with a caveat that says you will tell us your wallet address, and we are applying a service to monitor that address, because we want to tell you if and when you're getting dirty with a coin. So, like anything else is always used to enter into that relationship or not. Exactly. If you have now, one would say if there's only one bank in the country. Oh, it's kind of coercive. That said, you don't have to do it. There's no one with a gun to your head. I would say there will be regimes there where there is no option. If you use this wallet, and it has these agents, you likely don't even know. But if you look at the data moving around you can probably figure out okay the state has an agent in there. That's my life but I'm not that's that's a different world than where within what we're talking about here I think. And also you end up, you know, you on this slide you say no third party has awareness of a connection unless the parties agree, one of the initial sort of big benefits of self sovereign identity as a concept was correlation resistant. And then put them together. Right, like if I'm going to make a compound proof for getting a new apartment which includes data from my bank, my last, my last landlord and my electric company. If they make it a requirement that they know the other connections in the proof they're going to, that would kind of break or at least is differential sort of. And this gets into some of the work we're actually doing in the good health past where you can imagine a situation where someone says, I need to know it was signed by your bank and I need to know which bank it is. Over time, I think there'll be a list of bona fide banks. I know where the list of bona fide credit unions is in the US it's a member pass. So you may just say it is a better really the certified bank certified your address. Good to go I don't need anything more than that I don't need to know you're dealing with chase or UBS or whatever. Gotcha. Thank you. Great stuff. Good to hear your voice dude. Anyone else. I'm sure that there are others with burning questions. Otherwise I'll ask a couple. I'm a VIP and Luke has a has a question with a UI for this to work like with sign in with Indy or areas. There certainly are Luke different user experiences a lot of them right now are more along the lines and this is something that is not done in member pass right now but we've been working with. They've been working I was CTO there for some contract CTO for a while. As a supervisor, we were working with the use case where you go to log in and your phone would say just like if you're using Microsoft authenticator now would say, Hey Darrell, are you logging in unify financial credit union. Yes or no. Yes, boom passwordless login. The same login with Indy login with member pass absolutely people are looking at those. I think of the hope that certainly I've got is that I never seen another logging button it just just works and it's secure and it's mine. Anyone else. Okay. I have a couple, you know, let's say observations. First thing is, last time we presented we were very much on the wallets for credentials related to identity. And now the wallets use case as you know has exploded in the, in the crypto space and elsewhere. I mean it is the UX that that is needed. And you mentioned a couple like for example the healthcare. But what about the other other use cases like you know, I sort of started talking about them a little bit, but as a self hosted wallet or something controlling value somewhere. You know, what, what are your thoughts on that. When you say controlling value, like a typical crypto wallet, let's say, okay, that I can move stuff I can do stuff. And we are not talking about, you know, the other controls the supervisory controls that are required by let's say OCC, or FATF or some, some other body but. So, yeah, I mean the initial focus again yeah what was definitely on on quote identity you know self sovereign identity. To me the, the, the key really is and I think Dave use these using the term authentic data, John Jordan and I were talking about its verifiable data, where the difference now with this system is one of the guys that work with I'm my own endpoint, meaning I'm my own API, I carry my data you don't need to go and integrate an API, you just need to know, can you trust my data you trust my data by looking at the data, as I've been tampered with and do I know, and understand who the issuer was the ability to carry this data is huge and it's actually to me bigger than the identity side of it, the ability to have verifiable information to be exchanged is far more powerful. So if you get into the, the, the linkages into the crypto and crypto wallet space. There's a largely speaking they're quite similar. But if you take a look at the three different kinds of, of crypto there's, there's the real you know the fungible token style where it's a value it's a Bitcoin Ethereum, you know, I, you and I exchange a Bitcoin I don't care it's a different address but it's still a you know just like a dollar is a dollar. There's non fungible tokens which somebody just actually joked on the internet yesterday that they're going to sell their vaccination credential vaccination certificate as an NFT, which is I think brilliant because you look at NFT well I'm really hoping you're not getting a vaccination credential as an NFT, although if I'm going for a flight VIP and I might want to borrow yours, and I'll pay you to borrow your vaccination credential. Some of these things are going to be transferable some of them are not one of the learnings on the wallet side in the banking space and other spaces healthcare to I may decide I want don't trust the wallet app you're using. So I'm not going to let you do anything and I may not allow you to transfer your data without my knowledge and or approval. That might be for protection of you as an individual that might be for protection of the enterprise itself, because I don't want you to suddenly and the joke I use them in the report is you know can I trust Bob as wallet. You know it's got the best user experience, everything's transferable and turns out is written by North Korea. We have to be careful of those kinds of things. Does that make sense vipin is that help answer. I mean, you know, there are these wallets that we are talking about. They are called wallets are being used at scale, and Dan is correct that, you know, a wallet is a portal. Right. I mean, basically, in some sense it's a portal. In some sense, it controls access to some credentials. There's, you know, a mix of things in a wallet. I mean, wallet in the beginning was just just probably to store gold or money, which actually had the actual thing in it. But when you use a card, for example, you're, it's more of a more of a portal into your credit.  And of course, the same applies when you're, when you're moving value on a blockchain. It is some kind of a way to a key to unlock things. Well, when the wallet is got all these different dimensions, it's very difficult to talk about it. Right.  That is this tough in a wallet. Nice about that while it's flexible, as you can see, yeah, and when you use that wallet could be different than the way I do, which is really cool. And Dan also Dan, Dan also raised, you know, the wallet, if you look at the pure, the, the, actually the opening of the wallet report and the opening of the chapter in the book is developers may say wallet is really about the keys. The reality is that's not what an Apple wallet is. That is not what a Samsung and Android wallet is. That's what the market thinks it's, it's just my digital stuff on my phone. And the developers may call this is very particular while we actually delineate that in both report and the, the chapter because I think we do ourselves a disservice when we're very, very focused on what I would call wallet storage. And there's a diagram and the thing that the terminology we use is pretty tough but Dan I'd love to follow up with you on that because reality is, we don't have a definition in the market defines it for us. I wasn't saying that it is one or the other. I was just saying that it's got a multi dimensional, you know, let's say a footprint, right. I mean it is it's it's many things to many people. I mean, if you think about the fairy tales with the wallet. You know, that's where you keep your apples for that. Yeah. So that he can feed the dragon on the way or whatever you know. Hey vip and Mike actually asked a really neat question I just noticed that's where do we see the state of wallet interact with multiple networks are most still aligned with single network, or good examples of merging support more than one and if so is our model for sharing credentials across networks. Okay, in a couple things, the interact with multiple networks is a hard absolute requirement if you want to have any kind of a generic wallet, a single use where you don't even know you have a wallet that I don't know if that really matters. If you decide to support mobile networks great, but I don't know the user will ever notice and or care. If you have any credentials across networks that's an interesting space that it comes down to, are you looking to move and re anchor something, or is it like I take it if we take you know casual discussions in with some people in in in in government you know where will they potentially long term, not now support writing a digital passport to. What do we say in time. Hey, yeah we will anchor down to the following seven networks, and we're working on networks eight nine and 10 anything beyond that go pound sand we don't support them. I think we're going to see a power law where there's a number of very large networks and a lot of smaller more discrete ones, and you're going to have to support and networks and and must be greater than one. Okay. Again, coming back to a physical wall, it does support multiple networks. I can have a visa card I can have a mastercard I can have you know various things so there's bound to be sort of parallel drawn between a regular wallet and digital wallet and we have to be ready to answer those questions, and Jim seems to have his hand up so I'm going to. Oh, yeah so the, I know Jim Mason, but Jim St. Claire I'm sorry. Oh, sorry. We've Jim St. Claire I'm gonna have to go. Okay, he lowered his hand so I guess. I just wanted to add real quick Daryl's comments as well the discussion in general has been great on this issue of multiple credentials multiple wallets to put it in a good health pass perspective. Our concern is that you get your vaccine in Cleveland you get on your southwest flight in Cleveland to fly to lax to get on your Singapore air flight to fly to Singapore and go to your Marriott. You're managing 16 credentials and wallets while sorting it out and balancing your latte in between gates as you rush between flights. So, you know verifiable presentations UX and those issues that that are real things, as well as the real reason you have multiple wallets is is part of the challenge we're looking at. Exactly. Yeah, but today you don't carry 10 different passports you only have one at the most two or three I don't know how it depends on how many. And those passports are recognized on all airlines. Right.  And I think there are standards like Dan probably knows more about the stuff that I do but there are standards about international presentation and data item elements that need to be presented. And that particular digital one I think took 15 years to actually come to realization. That's a slow moving one right. Yes. Yes, because whenever you have multiple countries involved in international and and and multiple vendors whose lives are on paper. Let's not forget that. Yeah. I was going to ask Darryl two things that when I was looking at a solution for a state and said okay we're going to try to go digital on identity and credentials. And we used in the area stack and so on, put out a prototype everything work. That was all great, no issues. But as I looked to the larger concept of saying let's get this out in production the two things that stuck out you've hit many issues what I really don't have concepts today which, as you said vaults and delegation all those kind of things that usually get lightweight in consideration, but the two things that stuck out were number one. Not everybody, not every adult over 18 in my state is going to have a digital access period. So we're still going to have to issue an electronic ID card as a substitute, but the reverse of it is. The other thing is, like it or not Darryl I'll see you in an airport and I'll steal your phone. And having done that there there goes your direct device access in the middle of an airport to your wallet. But the point is if you still have a physical ID card let's put it that way. Yep, if that ID card has a call it a potential. I'll call it proxy link that you've consented as a way to sort of delegate access to your wallet that is an evolve let's put it that way. Then the fact that I stole your phone is not really going to be a big issue. And the use case that I had was always working on at the state level was you need caught insulin vaccine from CBS in the next five minutes. And the question is given that I just stole your phone, how are you going to get that access. I have to have a backup way for you to get that access reasonably quickly so that was sort of my challenging use case. And then the seconds, the, the other issue that was really tough for me, which I don't know, and I'll call it the better minds in this call can probably answer it for me is it one of the things we're trying to do with zkp and stuff is we talk about trying to avoid the idea that using the same addresses, we have data correlation so the recommendation for many reasons is that you want to do key rotation all the time. And what I'm not hearing anywhere is proposed solutions to what I through key management services if you will, to automate key rotation so making the key flip is one thing saying, wait a minute, can I get the history of my prescriptions across different keys. Yeah, how am I doing that. I don't really see a lot of stuff showing up on that. Have you seen Jim and I do have to jump on another call momentarily but if you've seen Carrie. Yeah, we had a, we had a, we did have a carry proposal that did handle that. So, so, so if you're like me Jim carries an extremely advanced concept. There's a podcast with with with Sam, Sam Smith who's the carry dude and Tim Boma. Yeah, called definitively identity. He had a presentation right here where Yes, he did. Sam or Sam did Sam. Yeah, the reason I'm recommending the podcast with Tim is that I've seen Sam present. I've read some of Sam's material and I didn't really, I didn't really grok it until I listen to that podcast. Okay. I found it. I was just like, Oh my God. This is lightning in a bottle. Now, yeah, it's early stage lightning in a bottle. Okay, thanks a lot. It was forward key stuff that really stood out. Anyway, I think we are at time.  But thank you so much for showing up and talking about the stuff we have a lot. Thank you. We have a lot to discuss obviously we, we, you know, one hour is nothing. Perfect. Well, thank you all very much. I do have to unfortunately run away. Thank you. Thanks. So I'm going to end the meeting. Thank you for showing up. Stefan said various people.  Okay, thanks. Thanks, we've been step step on we have to talk. Thank you. Call me anytime. All right. Bye. Thanks. Bye.


The study aimed to investigate the precise location and physiological relevance of GLP1 receptors, GLP1R, in the mouse brain using the GLP1R CRE mouse as a functional tool. The researchers used patch clamp recordings and viral gene delivery to identify GLP1R expressing cells in various regions of the brain, including the circumventricular organs, amygdala, hypothalamic nuclei, ventrolateral medulla, nucleus of the solitary tract, thalamic paraventricular nucleus, hippocampus, and cortex. They found that GLP1R cells were not immunoreactive for GFAP or parvalbumin but were catecholaminergic. The study confirmed GLP1R expression in wholesale recordings from the brainstem, hippocampus, and thalamic paraventricular nucleus were 100 nm GLP1 elicited a reversible inward current or depolarization. The researchers also demonstrated the power of combining the GLP1R CRE mouse with a virus to generate a selective molecular handle for future in vivo investigation of GLP1R's physiological importance. This article was authored by Simon C. Cork, James E. Richards, Marie K. Holt, and others.


Tom here from Warrant Systems and it is December 15th of 2021 and Unify has released version 6.5.55 of their Unify controller software to address CVE 2021-45046. Now, this is a fix for Log4J again because the fix in CVE 2021-4428, though specifically Java library Log4J, was not a complete fix and someone found yet another flaw. So this is a new update Unify based on Java is now pulling those libraries in and has to pull in the latest versions of it and you should be at least running that controller version. And there is not any right now as of today known exploits for this out in the wild that are able to leverage it other than in a non default config, but exploits only get better and will obviously be more news on this as people poke at it. So it's best to be running the latest version and keep yourself update and secure links down below to my longer video on this topic. And of course, where you can get the update. Thanks.


The Robot Arm Officer here in the Mission Control Center called the Payload Deployment and Retrieval Systems Officer, or PDRS, reports that the wake shield has now broken its seal with its carrier platform and is in the process of slowly being raised above the payload bay into the low hover position. This is the first major step on the road to the deployment of the wake shield, which is scheduled at around 4.38 a.m. central time this morning, if all goes well. Astronauts Jim Newman and Jim Voss raising the wake shield facility out of its carrier platform in this view from payload bay cameras in the shuttle. The wake shield is being carefully lifted directly vertical behind the Spartan Science Satellite. Now this view from the rear of the payload bay clearly showing the wake shield facility being lifted out of its cargo bay. The orbiter is currently tracking over the Pacific Ocean on the SC2 repower command. Again the two ton wake shield facility now being lifted to a low hover position over the payload bay by astronauts Jim Newman and Jim Voss. This is a clear view of the wake side of the satellite, the carousel side where the thin films will be grown in that canister at the bottom of the satellite that looks like the bottom of a triangle. Chemical compounds of predominantly gallium arsenide compounds will be shot into that carousel atom by atom layer by layer as thin films are grown over the course of two days of free flight by the wake shield once it is deployed by Jim Newman later this morning. This close-up view now showing the wake side of the satellite, the science side of the satellite where shutters will open back and forth during the course of the thin film growth to allow chemicals to stream through those tubes at the bottom of the picture into a carousel. Those tubes are the carrier panels if you will for all of the chemical compounds that will be used to build the thin films, the thin wafer like. With some updates on wake shield we're in step three page two dash four. We have sent the bus selection prefire comm channel two and we are not getting ages resetting and incrementing on flyer SCIU PDU sensors and A to D converters. Copy underdog we're looking to it. We do see some are down list that you apparently are getting data. Astronaut Jim Newman now slowly maneuvering the wake shield facility from directly over the cargo bay to position over the port side of the sill of the payload bay for the so-called ram cleaning operation. This view from payload bay cameras on endeavor shows the orbiter approaching sunrise in the west coast of Africa with the wake shield facility hanging at the end of the robot arm over the port side of the payload bay in the so-called ram cleaning position that has now begun about a two to two and a half hour procedure where atomic oxygen will stream over the wake shield and give it a bath if you will to remove any excess contamination which may have built up on the wake shield during its time in the cargo bay. All of the free flyer activation operations will continue at this point. The wake shield itself is called the free flyer. The other component of the wake shield facility is its carrier platform in the cargo bay. This is mission control Houston at a mission elapsed time of three days 15 hours 54 minutes into the flight of endeavor. This live picture from the elbow camera on the robot arm of the shuttle endeavor showing the wake shield facility as it hangs outside the port side of the payload bay of the shuttle in the ram cleaning position as it is called but payload officials and the flight control team want to make sure that there is no further interruption of that stream of telemetry before giving the go to deploy the wake shield facility. This live television picture now from the shuttle endeavor shows the wake shield hanging at the end of the robot arm over the starboard side of the orbiter as it passes over the northwest portion of Africa. This is in the attitude and the position for the continuing checkout of the attitude determination and control system on the wake shield before it is scheduled to be deployed an hour and a half from now at 6 10 a.m central time. The MMD referred to by astronaut Jim Newman aboard endeavor is a microgravity measurement device which will be used on the wake shield facility as part of the data collection effort that the wake shield will undertake over the next 50 hours. On the left is the Goddard payload stuff and the one on the right is the GPS the orbiter now has GPS installed and we're helping those guys learn more about GPS so that we can when we install GPS into the flight software our flight controllers will be able to use it the same way they do the KU band now and the tracking stations on the ground. This is just one of the displays that they have it shows the satellites being tracked and where we are on the earth we also have a little world map on there it shows us where GPS thinks we are and it agrees quite well with the orbiter state vector that the DeFido's uplink to us on this flight we do have a GPS on the wake shield as well as on the orbiter about the rendezvous now here's part of the team it really took all five of us to do this one who goes up in the front keeping everybody focused and back in me up well we have Pluto and underdog in the back underdog getting ready of course to to do the grapple Pluto running the rendezvous tools handheld laser and generally helping me out and then Jim played a vital role trying to document this and in helping me build sunshades in real time to try and keep the sun out of our eyes this turned out to be real challenging with the beta angle we've got particularly with the fly around that we had which caused us to spend a little extra time so we didn't get as good a video as we would have liked out of these cameras we were too busy in the windows however we did manage to get the thing aboard as you saw and underdog did just a super job of grappling the thing because we had rates in two axes and we weren't able to adapt them to damp them all out we did get them fairly low for him and he did a terrific job on the capture and here we now see the final desired end result into its cradle to be brought home hopefully after a successful mission. Yeah I kind of delayed my exercise a bit to be with you for wake shield it shows an exercise period here on the flight plan followed by some more wake shield monitoring which I'd be happy to do um how would you like me to fit that exercise in? Braskin we'll get back with you it's a great picture okay well as you can see we're a really nice release here I Pluto did a super job of letting it go without any tip off or anything you can see he just muffled the dog face out of the out of the window that's the absolutely perfect smooth release really good job by him it's a good looking spaceship yeah it is it's real pretty interestingly enough we had trouble getting laser marks on it at close range off the uh the uh ram side I'm sorry the wake side yeah the ram side's a little better reflecting it back on that really smooth surface area where the real thing sure beats the simulator all the heck although the behavior was exactly as I said it sure was a lot easier to see


Well, it's time for a patreon poll this week I thought it'd be interesting to ask my followers on patreon how many people they know who are anti-vax I mean, we've heard a lot from anti-vax people mostly conservatives. We've heard that We pro-vaccine people view anti-vaxxers as pariahs that we want to discriminate against them and we're authoritarian We're also big pharma shills and sheep But none of that is true the reason why I personally care about vaccines is one Because I believe in science and data and facts and second of all I know people personally who are anti-vax who I care about who I want to get the vaccine because I want them to live That's what it comes down to so for the anti-vaccine people and the conservatives who think that we're trying to go out of our way To demonize anti-vax people No, you might feel that way because you're stubborn and reluctant to get the vaccine But it comes from a place of love and you know I'd imagine that at least some of my viewers are as passionate as I am about this And perhaps that's because they watch me But I would argue it's because they do know people who are anti-vaccine and that's what I wanted to gauge with this poll So I asked people how many people do you know in your immediate family and social circle that you'd characterize as being anti-vax vaccine hesitant and or vaccine skeptic and as you can see here most people know at least one person who is anti-vax So seven people know ten or more people Ten people know five or more people thirteen people know two to three people nine people know one person is anti-vax and five people Don't know any anti-vaxxers. This is a very small sample size, but nonetheless. It kind of confirms what I suspected We care about this issue because we care about you It's not that we want to discriminate against you It's that we want you to protect yourself because we want you to be around I know people who are very kind who have known my entire life grew up with and it pains me to know that they are at risk if they get COVID-19 and These are folks who I know who have underlying medical conditions So, you know, it's frustrating to me that no matter how much evidence I present to them. They're still stubborn They still won't take the vaccine.  I'm against anti-vaxxers. I'm for vaccine mandates unequivocally. So because It's a pro-life position period now. Let's get to some comments here. Oscar Baroso says I know at least one They mostly been tuning into news media that seems to be attacking the vaccine and downplaying the virus surprise surprise Same here. Mr. Anderson says most of the ones I know trust their pasture more than they trust the entire scientific community There's one who has been anti-vaxx since the Jenny McCarthy vaccines cause autism spectacle And now she's walking around going see see I told you all even though there's still no proof to back up her claims Jeez Gabi Ghita says Romania is one of the most vaccine hesitant countries do mostly to corrupt government on Maintained hospitals poverty lack of education a couple of months ago We had the absolute worst vaccination rate in Europe around 30 percent yikes Inevitably, I know a lot of anti-vaxx people Jack Will and Robert says one guy He caught the COVID about this time last year still denies that COVID is any scarier than our yearly flu Most people in my little town of Republicans agree with him They stand out on the corners of our main intersection with signs jumping up and down and screaming against vaccine mandates and other things They're passionate about I sure hate being stuck at a red light with them screaming all those germs into the intersection from all four Directions windows firmly up. I haven't stopped wearing my mask in the stores either. So yeah, and I'll share my story So someone I know someone in my family was very very anti-vaxx never historically anti-vaxx But because Republicans decided to make COVID a partisan issue This family member was anti-vaxx and tried to discourage My mom from getting the COVID-19 vaccine Thankfully this person had a change of heart when they saw somebody in their family one of their loved ones Get COVID-19 and a serious case of that So after this they got the vaccine and that's great, right? except the problem is that now they're against boosters and Also subsequently try to convince my mom to not get her booster because I think they went back to be an anti-vaxxer and The person who got COVID who influenced this person. I know to get the vaccine isn't getting the vaccine themselves It's really it's so frustrating to me. It's so frustrating to me and the reason why I support vaccine mandates is because someone I know who's vaccine hesitant Got the vaccine because of the mandate without the mandate They wouldn't have gone the vaccine, but there's still others who aren't affected by the mandates who aren't getting vaccinated And if anything happened to them, I would be devastated. I would be absolutely devastated So I support vaccine mandates. I support vaccines Because that is the pro-life position. You may not like it, but getting the vaccine by mandate However, you get it that's gonna help you that may save your life so, um, you know whenever you see somebody Make this point that pro-vaccine people are just really mean and they want to discriminate against anti-vaxxers Anti-vaxxers. Let them know. No, we care about you.  There's only so much that you can say And once people have made up their mind changing that isn't going to come down to facts or statistics You know, they they junk the Kool-Aid They're part of a political cult and nothing will convince them and it's frustrating to me But at least I take comfort knowing that other people know anti-vaxxers and They're they're dealing with the same shit


D'ya-ya-yo, get along with the dookies. This is your misfortune and all my love. D'ya-ya-yo, get along with the dookies. You know that Wyoming will be your new home. Life on the Red Horse Ranch. The boys at the Red Horse Ranch are still talking about what a great time they had at the barn dance. One subject of conversation is about a stranger but the name of Steve Bradford, who has just come into the country and bought the Bardee Ranch, which adjoins the Red Horse Ranch. And today, after a hard day's work, the boys are enjoying their favorite pastime, singing. I'm hungry, I'll drink when I'm dry. And when I get thirsty, I'll lay down and cry. It's beef steak when I'm hungry, and whiskey when I'm dry. It's greenbacks when I'm hard up and heaven when I die. Rye whiskey, rye whiskey, rye whiskey, I cry.  Keep a hold of that fiddle. We ain't through singing yet. Well, if you don't mind, Bob, I think I'll hit the bunk early. Oh, it ain't near dark yet. We don't have to get up till 4.30 in the morning. 4.30. Do we brand calves again tomorrow? That's what Alabama said. Wrestling with them snorting yearlings ain't so easy, is it? No, not for a male-ordered cowboy like Tenderfoot.  You know, he's worked right along with every man in this outfit today. Give him a chance, will you? That's all right, Tex. I'm gonna learn this business someday. Yeah, I figure you'd better if you get anywhere with Miss Rose. She likes her men strong and tough, like that Steve Bradford that was shining up to her at the dance for the night. Oh, yeah, the stranger that bought the bar, he ran. Yeah, he ain't no more a cowman than Miss Rose herself. One look at him and show he's never had her open his hand in his life. I noticed that, too, Idaho. He must count on taking a throw at ranching. I hear he's bought some other land around here, too. Oh. Well, what's on your mind, Cookie? Here's the bar. I think you better do something about Miss Alabama. About Alabama? Anything to matter with him, Cookie? It doesn't matter what I'm trying to make out. She always powerful worried about him. I'm telling you. I saw Alabama down to Corral a minute ago. Yes, and he's still there, except for a trip to the chuckhouse with some stale biscuits. I know what you mean now. He's down there in the corral feeding them biscuits to that ron hold right now. Say, if that ron's eating any biscuits you made, Cookie, he'll be dead by morning.  I was telling you there's something wrong with Alabama. He's sitting down there all alone talking to that bronco hold, and then he put the saddle on it, and tighten up the cinches, and then what do we do? But take the saddle right off and that off again without not trying to ride it. That ain't the first time you do it, either. I don't think there's anything to worry about. Alabama thinks he's making friends with Red. But you just wait till he tries to straddle that boy. Yeah, just the same. I've got to see this.  All right. Let's slip up on him and joke him a little. Where is he? You see, there he is. He's talking his head off to that raise. Don't look right at me. Come on. Don't let him know you're coming. By golly, he has got that ron eating right out of his hand. Come on, baby. Just a little closer. Alabama won't hurt you none.  Easy now. All right, boys. Let's go. All that strawberry ron. Hey, hey, what in carnations do you fellas come from? Now you went and scared Red from the dead. It's your time on that horse. I'll bet the best rider in the West couldn't tame him. You come down here with me in a couple of days and I'll show you what I'm talking about. Tex will be writing some new words to that strawberry ron song. And I'll bet it'll go something like this, too. And the fool and I'll say this pony could step Still satin' tighter and in a rep When my stirrup's high loose and also my hat I started pulling leather as blind as a bat He mechs one more jump, he was headed up high Leave me satin' on air way up in the sky Guess I turned over twice, came back to the earth I started in cussin' the day of his birth Oh, that strawberry ron, oh He went toward the east, came down toward the west To stay in his middle, I was doing my best Oh, that strawberry ron Tex forgot to mention the lennon mutton splints, Albert. Anyhow, you boys have got something to look forward to. I'm going to straddle Red and I'm going to ride him. But come on, there's no use of me trying to do anything more with him tonight. Oh, lordy, here come Mr. Carter. He'll skin me alive. Cookies! Cookies! Did you finish cutting outside a bit like I told you? Well, I practically finished, Mr. Carter. Alabama, I'd like to talk with you a little. Oh, sure, Mr. Carter. I'll be right with you. I'll be back before long, boys. Sure. We'll be out here singing a little. What's on your mind, Dad? Alabama, do you know anything about this Steve Bradford that's just moved onto the body? Nothing more than you do. I ain't seen much of him since the dance up at the house. I hear he's bought out two or three ranches in the country. Yeah, paid cash for my hear. Wish I knew more about him, where he come from and what he's here for and all that. You mean because of Rose? No, I figure Rose knows how to take care of herself. It's about the Red Horse Ranch. Sure enough. You've been talking to him? Yes. Alabama, Steve Bradford's made me a cash offer for the Red Horse Outfit. He wants to buy this ranch? Yes, he didn't offer me much, but, well, it's a chance for me to sell. Tim Jones in the bank was out again today and says he's not going to renew his loan on the ranch this spring. Say, Bradford is going in for ranching in a big way, ain't he? Rose know anything about this, Dad? No. No, I ain't told her yet. Well, I just can't seem to make up my mind. If her mother was with us, that's why I could ask her, but here she's gone now. Well, I sure should wait a little while. Something may turn up. I may not get another offer. Well, you know this outfit's sticking by you, every one of us.  Come on down to the bunkhouse. We'll have the boys cheer us up a bit. Well, might as well, I guess. Her singing is right pretty. It's yours. Say, boys, lay over that slow stuff and give us a fast one, all of you. Sure will. Come on, Montana, and light into that squeeze box. Let's hear all of you go to town. I'll tell you, get your axes and cut down that old fine tree. I think I can sleep on that one. Good night to you all. What's on the boss's mind, Alabama? Plenty, tenderfoot. You remember this Steve Bradford that just bought out the bar D? Well, he's wanting to buy the Red Horse outfit now. Buy this range? Buy Jack says something powerful strange about that, Bradford. Wanting all the land around here. Well, Idaho, you better keep your thoughts to yourself. Boys, if we get finished with the brandon tomorrow, we'd better turn in. You mind pulling off my boots for me, Tech? Better keep your thoughts to yourself. What does Alabama mean? And what about Steve Bradford? Will Dad Carter really sell him the Red Horse Ranch? And what does Steve want with all this land? That's worth finding out, isn't it? Let's be sure to listen for the next episode of Life on Red Horse Ranch.


Hey there friends. Thanks for checking in. I've noticed on various social media sites When a post is made with four to six firearms and say choose just one a lot of people enjoy that and they engage And I thought that would be a cool thing to do on this channel The viewers of this channel certainly engage So we'll see how this goes and if it does really well then we'll make a series out of it today We're going to feature five mid-sized nine millimeter handguns mid-sized right around the three and a half inch barrel line somewhere in there and Double stacks for the most part typically 12 to 15 rounds. All right, and I've got five of them. I'm going to feature Let's throw them on the table. We'll take a minute talk about it and you let me know which one you would choose Let's start with the FNS 9c or the FN 509c That's the updated model the 509c. It has the same dimensions. It's essentially the same gun. It just has some additional accessories and features like optic cuts and Raised sights and threaded barrels and everything that is available. They both come with 10 12 and 15 round mags I currently have a 12 round mag in here. I like it for the three finger contact keeping it compact as well The full rail there 3.7 inch barrel this one has night sights Ambidextrous magazine release and slide stop on both sides. I've had this for a while. It has performed very well I've enjoyed it. I've run everything through it. I don't recall ever having a problem. It has a hinge trigger I'm measuring that right at six and a half pounds doesn't feel any heavier than the other ones But that's what it's measuring at The 509c Nice addition to this review and let me know if this would be your choice. This is the Glock 43X A lot of people love Glock. They'll say give me the Glock I don't care what list you put out there. Give me the Glock and I'm sure this will get a lot of people's attention Now it does come with 10 round mags, but if you like to shield 15 round mags that that would be a great way to go with this So I'm not worried about the magazine capacity. This is a bit smaller with a 3.4 inch barrel Has the Glock sights there, but you can interchange them out. There's a ton of aftermarket support with this already Trigger five and a half pounds. I measured it up Glock is not five and a half pounds across the board Like they say on their site, but this one actually is it has the trigger bar safety in there a Ton of aftermarket supports to lighten it up or to do whatever you want You know throw a different one in there, but the smallest and last one that I'm going to feature today a lot of people trust Glock They want Glock. They said just give me a Glock.  We have a Springfield Armory Hellcat Pro I have to believe that most people haven't experienced the Hellcat Pro yet It's rather new but most likely they've experienced the Springfield Hellcat and it's the same concept it's just a larger Hellcat with a longer grip 15 round flush fitting mags and a 3.7 inch barrel it has a gen 3 trigger that I'm measuring about a half pound lighter than the original Hellcat right at five pounds a nice trigger with a Very clean pull and reset Still has the tritium front dot you notch rear sights Sight hole indicator a rail Overall great feel. I love what Springfield has done with the Hellcat line they keep expanding it and This really lit the internet on fire when they introduced the Hellcat Pro I think it's a fine addition and I love the Hellcat models and I think this pro is a fine choice And I certainly enjoy that additional barrel length now. We have the CZ P10S the viewers of this channel Love CZ handguns there yet to lose a handgun showdown Competition so we'll see how they do with this one the P10S comes with 12 round mags I have an addition there plus two addition So this currently is set up for 14 rounds But a nice grip texture it comes with additional back straps 3.5 inch barrel Accessory rail tritium front dots rated black rear sights Optic ready an excellent trigger measure this right at five pounds people love the P10 series and The P10S is a nice addition very short reset check this out That is extremely short And I've had it for a while and it has performed excellent. I've run everything steel case aluminum case self-defense loads doesn't matter It's a CZ. It's very refined. It's Built excellent, you know quality made everything else. So the P10 series has expanded the P10S is One of their greats in my opinion another popular handgun a very popular handgun are Canyx and this is the TP9 Elite subcompact a lot of people love this gun I had it for a while. It's been great You notice the tungsten gray finish there comes with a 12 and a 15 round mag a ton of Accessories in the case. I'm not even going to get into it, but it is true serrated black rear sights pinned in front dot Two slot rail forward serrations optic ready out of the case Ambidextrous magazine release and slide stop. Well, the mag release can be switched over This is what look going a little quick here but a trigger that is measuring at four and a half pounds and The least expensive of all the guns that I'm featuring So four and a half pound trigger people fall in love with canyx. They pull that trigger and say that thing is awesome Look at that reset Very much a fan. I like the canyx models. I like this TP9 Elite subcompact this is canyx smallest pistol and It reviews well, it shoots well and people love everything that is included I'm hoping this becomes a series and what I'll do is report the majority vote with the next Which one would you choose video? And I think it will be a lot of fun if you like videos like this Please subscribe and share. I always appreciate thumbs up button Thanks for watching and you guys be safe


This is Tim Appachella with Think Tech Hawaii and I'm here with Bella and Andrea and you're both from Reno, Nevada. And so I've got to ask the question about an hour and a half, two hours ago, an incoming message from the state of Hawaii emergency management said that there's incoming ballistic missiles. This is not a drill. Did you get that message? We did. We did get that message. Yes. And how did you feel? What were your thoughts? We were surprised at first and then the kids started going into a panic texting everybody and then we had step parents calling us wanting to know what was going on freaking out about where we were at and what we were doing and how we were doing it. So it was very scary for us. Bella, what was going through your mind when this first came through? Well, I hopped out of bed right away and I started packing all my stuff because I was freaking out and I didn't know what to do. What did it feel like when you were freaking out? I feel like it can explode. I feel like a thousand things are going through my mind and stuff. Andrea, before I set up the camera here, you said you were upset. You weren't happy. Tell me a little bit about that. I just feel like it's unacceptable to throw the state in such a frenzy the way that it did and for us as visitors, when our last leg of our trip here unacceptable for someone to have pushed a button and for that button to be accessible by one person as it was stipulated on the news today, I feel that that was completely unacceptable. There should have been a dual control or three people that have to push the same button to access and alert that magnitude. Now this went off approximately very early around eight o'clock. The correction message is that actually eventually came on TV wasn't for another 25 minutes or so. Right. We at that point were already in the valet part of the hotel that we were staying at with everybody freaking out and crying and screaming and yelling and did you see people in the lobby? Yeah, there was tons of people and what were they doing and what were their reactions? They were trying to get the answer. So they were asking the bell hops. They were asking people of the hotel is this is this happening? Is this real? And what we were told from the hotel was that yes, it was real. It has never happened before and to listen, you know, we're being yelled at to listen to commands and to listen to what they were telling us to do, which was to get to safety in the valet portion of the hotel at the bottom. So this was well in advance or before there was announcement that this was a fake drill? Absolutely, yes. Bella, I guess good question. This is the first time this has ever happened for a lot of people here in Hawaii. And this is your first time experience. Do you have any thoughts about that? I mean, it was really scary because like I've never been through anything like this and like, yeah, I didn't know what to do.  Yeah, that's good. So if you had a message to the governor of the state, because eventually all this does fall under his his authority, you have a message for the governor of state of Hawaii. I would just say, you know, I know that they're doing what they need to do to find out what happened. And I'm assuming that they probably already know what happened because I can't imagine it would take hours for them to to find the answers to that. I would just, you know, I'm sure they understand that it did create a panic, but it was sounds like it was an unnecessary one. So to the state, I would say, you know, be mindful of what happens and also know that we're also mindful of what's happening in our world and our surroundings to know that this potentially if it was an accident, it potentially could have not have been an accident. It could have been something a real threat to us. And I think that we all take it very seriously. Were there any thoughts in your mind about this going even further on a national level, maybe someone in the national federal government took this as something as serious and possibly you could react to it? That's exactly what we thought.  But now it's happening. You know, the first thing that ran through my mind is I thought, this has to be real because we've been in talks and there's been a lot of things on the news that scares us as a public. So, you know, as a parent, we do what we can do. And I felt, for as a parent, we felt very hopeless, you know, very helpless to our children to be able to do anything. We kept looking at the seas and watching the seas in front of us being patrolled by what's it called the Coast Guard. So we saw several of those out there. So, you know, it even caused more panic because we thought, oh yeah, this has to be real because the Coast Guard is out there. So anyways, just it was very frantic for us and very unacceptable. If it was someone that had pushed a button on accident, unacceptable. You had mentioned dual control. I think that's a very, very good point. And it doesn't seem like maybe there was a lot of dual control before this message hit the emergency management system. Well, they said on the news this morning that there was one person that hit a button in error. You buy that? Absolutely not. Not at all. You don't think that's true? I don't believe it, not for one minute.  If it's true and only one person could push a button, it seems like they're going to have to take 10 steps back and reorganize a lot of things. Absolutely. They had mentioned it being one person that set off the alarms to all of the cell phones, but we watched it on the news. We watched the warnings on the news that said to get to higher ground to seek shelter on the news itself. And so it wasn't just cell phones that was affected. I mean, we watched it. I have video of it on my phone of where it was on the TV telling us to seek shelter. And so that was a big button for someone to push. What was the reaction of people in the lobby area? What were they doing? What were they saying? Were they a set? Were they agitated? I think it was a mix of everything. There was people crying. There was people scared. There were people asking questions. People that weren't hearing the answers to those questions. So other people were yelling the answers back to other people. The elevators were full, so we had people going down the stairs into the lobby itself. We were on the 14th floor and we couldn't get an elevator to come up to us. So just a lot of move, get out of the way. Horrible, it was horrible. And as a visitor, well, we come back, of course we will, because we come back for the island. But if we were to come back and had to have anything to do with the government or how things are run, I mean, I can tell you, we would probably think twice before coming back to a state like that that allows one person access to a button that can cause panic at this scale. Andrea, Bella, I want to thank you very much for spending your time. We're sorry that this day was kind of ruined for you, but hopefully it'll get better. And we appreciate all the tourists that come to our island and enjoy our loa and our beautiful paradise. So thank you for coming and sharing your thoughts. I'm Tim Appichella with Think Tech Hawaii, aloha.


Goal of Hamas was to provoke an overreaction from Israel. They obviously did not expect to have a military victory, but they really wanted to commit the worst atrocities that they could in order to provoke the most aggressive response possible from Israel. So yeah, again, we heard all of this before. 40 beheaded babies or moreover, they're putting babies into ovens. We've seen it all, we've seen it all, but somehow nobody has seen anything of those sorts. However, when it comes down to dead Palestinian babies, yes, we've all seen it on a daily basis. It is repeating every single day. We see how Israel is actually killing Palestinian children. And not only now in the so-called alleged conflict, but for over 70 years we've seen the depictions of dead Palestinian children over and over again. But hey, I forgot, it is opposite day of course. Hey, it's Hamas after all.


Hello, and welcome to the presentation of Learned Step-Size Quantization, or LSQ. I'm Steve Essar, and this is work that was done with my colleagues at IBM Research. So quantized neural networks are becoming increasingly popular as a means to decrease memory footprint and increase throughput in resource-constrained settings. With this interest, there is increasing importance to the question of how to quantize networks typically from 32-bit to 8-bit or less, while still preserving network task performance. Our approach, LSQ, is a method to determine the step size or bandwidth of the quantizer for each weight and or activation layer in a network. We consider the case of a standard uniform quantizer that maps unquantized values to quantized values equally spaced by the step size. So determining the step size is critical as if the value is too small or too large, the resulting quantized data will provide a poor representation of the original data, in turn leading to poor application performance. So to date, a number of methods have been used for quantizing neural networks, and the means in which they determine step size can be divided into the four main categories you see here. LSQ falls into the fourth category, using back propagation to learn the step size as a parameter during standard training. LSQ innovates in this space by improving the approximation of the step size loss gradient and by providing a principal means to scale this gradient. So strictly speaking, the derivative through a standard uniform quantizer is zero for almost all values due to the presence of the round function. You can note this in the staircase shape of the quantizer that is flat at almost all locations except the transition points. So LSQ computes the derivative through the quantizer to the step size parameter by treating the round function as a pass-through function for the purposes of differentiation. And this is similar to an approach commonly taken in quantized networks for computing the derivative through the quantizer to its input. And as seen on the right, in contrast to the derivative computed by other approaches that also learn the step size, the approach of LSQ provides a derivative that is sensitive to the quantizer transition points. Thus, if a value to quantize is near a transition point and therefore requires only a small change in step size to move to the next quantized state, it produces a higher derivative than a value that is further from a transition point and thus requires a large change in step size before it moves to the next quantized bin. So in addition to this approximation, LSQ provides a principal means to scale the step size loss gradient. So in learning with gradient descent, it's well known that if a parameter update is large, too large or too small relative to the magnitude of the parameter being updated, then poor convergence will result. We found that the magnitude of the step size update scales with the size of the population to be quantized and the bits of precision leading to updates that are much larger than those made to network weights under most conditions and in turn poor convergence. We provide a simple correction for this imbalance by rescaling the step size loss gradient based on population size and precision leading to an overall improvement in network task accuracy. I'll conclude now with our main result where we show that on the ImageNet dataset, LSQ achieves better performance than all prior quantization methods for the networks considered with an improvement of over 1% in some cases. We also found that when combined with self-knowledge distillation using a technique previously demonstrated for quantized networks by Nishra and Maher, the networks quantized to as little as three bits of precision were able to match the accuracy of full-precision equivalent networks the first time that this has been demonstrated. LSQ is easy to implement as part of a standard training flow and for those so interested it would provide pseudocode in the appendix of our paper. The paper also contains further details on the methods and additional results that show that LSQ does not actually minimize quantization error despite outperforming techniques that do and we also demonstrate an advantage to using two-bit networks in certain cases. Well, thank you for your time.