Hello everyone and welcome to NewsClick. This is Anushka. This is a new show that we are bringing to you called The Daily Roundup where you'll get a glimpse of some of the news stories that NewsClick has covered. So let's take a look at some of the top stories from the day. On Monday, the body of a police officer was left hanging out of his black SUV after he was attacked with stones and allegedly shot dead by a mob in Bullandshire. The trouble started after some villagers found carcasses of cows in a jungle. Angry villagers and members of various Hindu groups propped the animal remains in a tractor trolley to the Chigarwati Police Chalki and demanded action against the culprits. They blocked off the Bullandshire Garh highway and raised slogans against the police. The protests soon turned violent with protesters felting stones, injuring and killing one villager and Inspector Subod Kumar Singh. Inspector Subod Kumar Singh, the police officer who was killed, was also incidentally the first investigating officer in the Dhadri lynching case where Muhammad Akhlaq was killed over alleged beef consumption. He was taken off the case in November 2015. All the 18 accused in the Dhadri case, some of whom have links with the BJP, are out on bail as the hearing in the case is still on in the city courts. The recent Kisan Mukti march held in the capital did not see any representation or involvement from the BJP. However, one of the BJP ministers instead went on to criticise some of the farmers. Around 1200 farmers from Tamil Nadu participated in the march in Delhi. The group stripped themselves and covered their body parts with skulls and bones of their fellow farmers who had committed suicide in the past years. Purn Radhakrishnan, a senior BJP leader and union minister, went on to condemn the protests stating that the protesters had degraded the status of other farmers in Tamil Nadu. And he also went on to allege that the protesters had financial backing of some political parties from the state. The farmers of Tamil Nadu have suffered huge losses, owing to severe drought intensified by the Cyclone Gaja. Crops and cattle were lost and many farmers were displaced. Despite this, the BJP leader did not extend his support to the farmers of the state. A recent study from the Indian Institute of Management, that's the IIM M. The Bars, found that there were potentially 9 lakh preventable unplanned caesarean section deliveries out of the 70 lakh deliveries that happened in private hospitals in the year 2016. The study quotes, A natural birth in the private facility costs on an average Rs 10,814 while a C-section costs around Rs 23,978. The study also states that while C-section is an important surgical intervention during childbirth, performing it when it is not required can impose a huge burden on the mother and child, apart from being heavy on the pocket. With the announcement of Pradhan Mantri Janarogyar Yojana, that is to provide a cover of Rs 5 lakh for poor households to seek secondary and tertiary care in any government or empanel private hospital, it is important now more than ever to evaluate whether the private sector is really capable of being an effective partner in providing health services for the citizens of this country. Mumbai curves are up in arms over the soaring electricity bills over the past month. The power distribution, which was earlier under Anilambani-led reliance infrastructure or RINFRA, was recently taken over by the Adani Electricity Mumbai Limited or the AEML. Agitated consumers have taken to Twitter and social media to vent out their frustration. PML responded to the spike in prices by claiming that RINFRA had filed a tariff petition to MERC, Maharashtra Electricity Regulation Commission on December 22, 2017. When Adani took over on August 28, 2018, the tariff revision order was issued by MERC soon after. Hence, the authorities from Adani claim that this tariff increase has no correlation with Adani taking over and it is only a coincidence. While this may very well be a coincidence, it is still a fact that tariffs have doubled. Privatization of electricity has been pitched on the grounds of improving facilities by increasing competition, but the fact is that privatization is bound to only increase prices over a period of time. That's all we have for you in today's Daily Roundup. To keep yourself updated on the latest news, do log on to our website, www.newsclick.in. You can also follow us on our Facebook page or visit our YouTube channel.


Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in the industry and more today's topic in pyrotechnics is SEO integration. So we keep implants in bonds to support the artificial processes or artificial tooth. So when we lose a tooth, we can keep an implant to support a tooth. So what happens when we place an implant in an empty socket? There should be an interlocking between this implant and the bone because sometimes it will be a lot bearing area such as in posterior region, sometimes it will not be a much lot bearing area. Still there has to be a bonding between the bone and this implant. Otherwise what happens? There will not be a good prognosis of the procedure. Ultimately this will get removed from the socket because of the implantitis or the fibrous interlocking between these two. If there is no proper interlocking, there is no proper integration between the bone and this implant, this will ultimately fail. So today's topic is about the interlocking between this implant and the bone that is SEO integration. That is the integration between bone and the implant surface. So let's learn about SEO integration in detail. So SEO integration is defined as a direct contact between a vital bone and the implant surface without interposition of a fibrous connective tissue. So the bone and the implant will be joined. If we face a problem of fibrous connective tissue which is known as fibro-ocious integration. So that is fibro-ocious integration. That is there is no proper interlocking between these two. Instead of the bone joining there will be a fibrous tissue which will not be adequate for to bear a masquerade force. So only these two are possible. One could be fibro-ocious integration and the true integration that is a ocious integration. SEO integration is nothing but as I told an intimate contact between the bone and implant without any known bone tissue between these two. It's nothing but bone and implant. So we have post surgical immobilization phase that is after the surgery or after we keep implant to a certain period we immobilize this that to allow the proper SEO integration and to avoid the post surgical complications. So only bone cells may fill the gap and proliferate towards the implant surface. So bone cells will be proliferating towards the implant surface. So at the same time they may be expected to replace bone cells that have undergone necrosis as a result of surgical trauma. So there will be a necrosis of the bone cells because of the surgical trauma. So that also will be replaced. So bone grows around the ridges and grooves of the implant. So implant will be having if this is implant there will be ridges and grooves. This ridges this grooves and this ridges. So there will be the growth of these bone towards the ridges and grooves of the implant. So among the metals the titanium. The titanium shows the best SEO integration compared to the other metals used for implant. So titanium is the most preferred one. So when titanium is placed in the bone there will be continuous remodeling of the bone occurs and also there will be interface which consists of titanium, dioxide and a protein which is known as glycosaminoglycane. And the nature of bone and implant interface which depends on the structure and nature of the bone of the recipient side. A much higher degree of intimate contact with lamellar or mineralized bone may be expected when the implant is placed into a compact bone as compared to the cancelled bone. So always the compact bone is good for implant rather than the cancelled one. So this is the OCO integration concept that is a direct contact without any interface that is without any fibrous tissue between these two. But what about fibro OCOs integration? It is nothing but a contact established between the bone and implant with the interposition of a healthy dense collagenous tissue. There will be collagenous tissue. Collagenous tissue is present in fibro-ocious integration. So in this soft tissue such as fibres and cells are seen between the implant and bone surface and such fibres tissue has been called as pseudo pyridontal ligament. Actually this is not good for implant which will not be very good attachment apparatus as it we have seen in OCO integration. So what are the factors affecting OCO integration that is the biocompatibility of implant and the design of implant and the surface condition of implant and the bone condition, the technique we use for surgery and the amount of stress on implant. All these factors affect the OCO integration process. All these are good enough then there will be proper OCO integration. So that's all about the OCO integration and fibro-ocious integration. So it's a small topic but the implant and the surgical procedure is a very vast topic but this is commonly asked in university exam. So all you need to draw a nice picture and write about the two concepts OCO integration and fibro-ocious integration. This is actually pseudo pyridontal ligament. The proper one is OCO integration and don't forget about the titanium and the compact bone. So I will come up with a new topic in pyridontics thank you. And lastly guys we have started channel membership in dentistry and mode channel. So you can explore various exclusives for the channel members. So you can explore various options by clicking on the join button adjacent to subscribe button. So we have options of personal whatsapp help. So you can ask any doubts you will get answered through whatsapp text messages or voice messages and we have one more option that is the PDF notes will be available but as of now we have only the public health dentistry topic. The more topics will be uploaded soon and the last option is one to one interaction session. You will get the personal interaction or personal classes on various subjects from the faculties of respective branches. So explore the join button and let us know if you want any further help from us. Thank you.


Many use them there in the Mediterranean Sea and in the Sahara desert. They have to think about this. Why are these people still coming? We saw the Italian name. So we see El Copta. It's surrounding us. They say to us, welcome to Italy. It's better than being shot at or dumped over the side of a boat or, you know, it's better than many of the things they had previously experienced, but it's certainly not the year of the imagined. After the rescue, we are complemented with this document that keeps you almost two years in one place without no document.  I respect you as a human being. In front of you. But when the person just stands out, they take you like an animal. If you work with time, you start with energy, maybe even if you're happy, you arrive in Italy and say, I did it, I was with myself, I was blessed, I was more fortunate than the others, and then you arrive here and little by little, that expectation eats you and you lose everything.


ctor it into their equation But it's not the most important factor Like so there are going to be moments where there's going to be some retcons There's going to be some things where you have to be really creative about how things come together But that's kind of how zelva always has been and so My take on a lot of like the negativity about this is that well, I mean, there's there's weird things about breath of the wild There's weird things about twilight princesses weird things like the it's just it's always kind of been that way So, you know I I think if you want if you want to care about the timeline you can but if you don't want to care about it You also can it's the best of both worlds really Some people argue that no, they should make a a concerted committed effort They should hire like professional writers to make this as consistent and continuous as possible Nintendo is not going to do that. But you know They never have I don't think you need to make it like continuous and consistent Yeah, so then isn't that the way it is now then? Yeah, that's fine Yeah, we're on I think we're on the same page Yeah Except for Eric Eric strongly disagrees I I strongly disagree, but I don't want to start the argument.  I'm just kidding. I'm just kidding Her dad is watching sir I'm loving it won't Might be uh Mac mega says I wish acronym time would be remade in a Miyamoto original version i.e With the unicorn triforce fountain and being able to use navi to explore dungeons Man, I haven't heard that in a while. That's an opinion There is there is something with uh There's there's a lot of theories about that unicorn triforce fountain thing like in the Zora's domain like there's like this hole that people want to get into if you were like, oh, there's like a secret like Gary in there. There's nothing but There were the theories I just realized if her dad's watching he will ban her from ever coming back It's kind of On that show one more time lady I'm not I'm not a kid so it doesn't really have control like that Well, I look I'm gonna tell you just honest right now. My parents have not supported anything I have done since the moment I turned 18 Oh, dude. Do you don't kind of try to My parents are one. They're wonderful people. They are wonderful people, but they have not supported anything. Yeah Suddenly I'm now a full timer and able to pay my bills and now they think it's cool I don't know something a little weird about that My parents have been very supportive about youtube That's awesome. I'm gonna be very supportive of my kids too. No matter what they want to do with their life As long as it's legal keep it legal See, you know, jakes all about trying to keep it clean. I just keep it legal I want to be a pirate like luffy from one piece. I feel like That's definitely not legal. He wants a wanted poster somewhere. That's all it is. I yeah, I want to be infamous America's most wanted Yep Travel the world are infamous dude. You're the you're the filthiest from the podcast No, eric's the filthiest one just like Jake do you remember last week what got you to stop being clean Was andress andress was the one that literally started going dirty and it we all sat back like what is happening right now The podcast was joseph should have been on last week for two straight hours. It was super clean No bad things just all nintendo talk and then andress is like this doesn't feel right Yeah That made me so happy because It means that you really you like me and you you miss you miss me not keeping it clean It probably just didn't feel right. That was all and andress has been on the He's not denying it. So he's been doing a nintendo right now. He's not denying it Well, andress has been on my podcast a long time He knows that we we've actually had many many clean episodes many of them over the years But and also we've had plenty of episodes where you've been screaming at each other the entire time. Yes And the funny thing is those episodes sometimes are the highest viewership The audience would just be split and they'd start yelling at each other. I'm like, well Well, no the thing is we never actually like are mad at each other. We just we just have It comes off as a passionate about it. Yeah, you just debate them, right?  Oh, that's that's that's me trying to stir the pot a little bit. Yeah, I know. I know Mac mayor comes in and says well, there'll be a jump button Oh, please now for the time we make Oh You gotta you gotta for sure because it's not one of my biggest issues with the the first one or the the automatic Yeah, yeah, if you're redoing everything else Then like the actual like the world you're in is going to be so different You're definitely gonna need a A jump button Yeah, I don't know how you can do that one Today like if you do it Even if it's just a remaster, I don't know how you do it without a jump button anymore Exactly I'm just I know they they got away with it on 3ds. That was 3ds. They would have to I don't I don't I mean, it would be fun to have a jump button. I like I like more options You know what I think is funny if they don't make any hard change or optional No, if they don't make a lot of changes to the game But they had a jump button I think you're gonna find a lot of people wishing it didn't exist and they'd rather have the automatic jump Right, like the thing is you would have to change a lot about the game for it to really make a lot of Yeah, if you just leave it in there people are gonna keep messing up so bad We're talking about like if you want to make a jump button actually a bit useful. We're talking about like Just reading around the structure of the of the dungeons and the maps like Yeah, I mean the maps like it's not I mean, you can make some minor adjustments to ledges, right? Like so we actually have to jump onto them, I guess Um, it wouldn't be you would still have to redesign it but you could still kind of redesign in a way where it's still similar Dungeons would be It would get complicated I was like I was saying yes under the impression that they are making like Redoing everything from the ground up, you know, like if they're just if they're just doing a remaster and they're gonna throw a jump button in there I don't I agree. I don't think I'd do too much. But Yeah, if we're talking Yeah, the automatic jump is already sort of set to like be the perfect distance for the design And and tech Wait, what's it our community time of majority is mess. One of them you could do the the back flip jump Yeah, you can Do them both and both. Yeah. Yeah. So technically there is a manual jump. It's just backwards Yeah, I mean May I mean maybe if what they want to do is that they just it's no longer Auto jump and they just make the auto jump a button press and so what happened Did they just add a new animation where link does like a forward vault Which would be kind of fun You know, maybe they can make it like a fun animation And so it actually makes it harder sort of but it might be more intuitive for people because that's how most games work But to be clear, we all would rather just be remade and so then a jump button just makes sense Yeah Heros being complimented on his shirt He's keeping it classic Is that a cleaning classic? That's what the C means. Oh, there it is. There it is All right. Well, that was the last super chat. So thank you guys so much for that. Um All right, so I We're gonna wrap the show up right there. We'll be back next week with episode 52 I didn't have anyone scheduled besides our core for next week, but we'll see we have Some special guests coming on next month. Uh, one of them is miss click gaming coming on in january And then jake had someone coming on. I forgot her name at the moment Ray anarchy. Yeah. Yeah. Yep. No, wait. No Saffron city Oh, man, this is bad that we don't have this because this is enough So if another guest's coming on next month, either way, and there'll be more guests and we'll try to get josie. Well back on again sometime I'll come welcome back on. Okay.  Well, now that she's Spent through the gauntlet So now she's more ready for the expectation of what the show is of course And then next thing, you know, she's on a kit and crista show and it's like why wait Everyone's just being like super professional and calm and what is this who is nintendo prime right now? Anyways We were on the real quick We can tell people who we are where they could find you if our mods want to help out and drop some of the links They're all down in the description as well. Uh, let's start with our first time guest and I guess not last time She just confirmed she'll come back some point. Mm-hmm might be a year, but she'll come back You're no I only no to be fair I only said that because when we did talk behind the scenes Wednesday night availability is not always like a thing so Mm-hmm Yeah Yeah, thank you guys for having me on I appreciate it If you like to me here, I have a youtube channel called josie. Whoa, you can check it out if you'd like I talk about the nintendo switch I uh, I keep it clean over there for the most part so But yeah, thank you guys for having me on seven rgt wins an award He will not so I just want to say this real quick When josie first got here and like people were like josie. Whoa It was you ever seen dude wears my car. He's like, what's my tattoos? Hey, he's like, dude is a good one. Say sweet sweet. Yeah No, like I thought people were like josie.  Where can they find you? You find me twitter jake randall youtube jake randall only fans two inch destroyer There is There it is. I was waiting. We hadn't had the two inch reference all night. Um, Eric You are whatever you say you are. Where could they find you here? Everyone well most menses most most menses He is the most frequent guest besides myself. I can say that because I have missed an episode now. Yeah Who was cleverly hosted voluntarily by andres restart, which by the way that episode was super clean as well He just runs a nice professional show. That's just what he does. I let it go wild The wild wild west it has many square. I'm just what do you got going on? Where can they find you? Um, yep, that's me I'm andres restart. I talk about nintendo and I'm a little bit more excited than I sound now usually so Yeah, he's hit that point. Um, and we have one last super chat on the night come on and take our 610 Just wanted to mention the switch. Whoa That's it. There it is. That's the one Your channel will explode. You heard a million subscribers like halfway through next year Switch. Whoa. You have to be like my favorite switch. Whoa launch game probably josey. Well, oh jeez. It's over I actually think that'd be a good name.  All right, guys. Well, thank you so much for tuning in. We'll catch you same time next week. Maybe a different crew Maybe not. I have no idea. I love you. I just want to say that by that's it A particular person in the chat. He might love a little more You know, I might do that. Well, you know, there's a particular person in the chat today. He might love a little more It is what it is Better guys


Today I'm going to be taking a look at a rather new Linux distribution that I've never looked at before. What I'm going to take a look at on camera today will be my very first time using Vanilla OS. What is Vanilla OS? Well, I have been reading a little bit of their website because this is an interesting distribution. I did want to read a little bit about it before I got into it. Vanilla OS 22.10 was just released, 22.10 codenamed Kinetic. Yes, that's very Ubuntu-like in the version number and the codename is because Vanilla OS is based on Ubuntu. Now Vanilla OS is not just another Ubuntu spin.  Now what are those? Well, Apex essentially is their package manager, APX. And what this is, it introduces a new paradigm in package management where instead of pulling down something using the apt package manager, what APX does is it installs everything inside a container. So it makes these packages that you install containerized packages and it can not only pull down the Ubuntu packages, but if you pass Apex certain flags, it can pull down Arch Linux packages, or you can also download Fedora packages as well using Apex. So this is really interesting. You can see you can pass Apex this dash dash AUR flag if you want an Arch package or dash dash DNF if you want a Fedora package. They also have this technology here, AB route, which allows you to perform changes to your system atomically, limiting the risk of breaking your system. So atomic packaging, what this is, is the ability to where if you're installing a package and it fails, you know, something breaks, nothing on your system will actually be changed unless the package installs and everything works correctly. The other big feature is their smart updates feature. They have something called VSO, which is the vanilla system operator. And it's a tool that periodically checks for an update and it downloads and installs the package in the background as long as your system is not under heavy usage. So I guess you can set some parameters such as CPU and RAM usage or battery life on a laptop, things like that. And as long as it meets those parameters, it will run these updates for you in the background. That actually is a really, really neat feature. So what I'm going to do, I'm going to go ahead and download the ISO. I'm going to go ahead and run through a quick installation and first look, a truly first look of vanilla OS inside a virtual machine. So I've created a virtual machine here and I've got the boot screen up and I'm going to go ahead and choose try or install vanilla OS. And we boot into the installer, essentially full screen inside the GNOME desktop environment. I should have mentioned that before, vanilla OS will use the GNOME desktop environment. It's also going to use Wayland as the display server by default, which a lot of GNOME distributions are defaulting to Wayland these days. Some of the more stable ones like Ubuntu, LTS, things like that, they'll still default to Xorg, especially if it detects that you have an NVIDIA card, you know, obviously Wayland still doesn't really work with NVIDIA. So in that case, you can fall back to Xorg if you need to. So I'm going to go ahead and click install vanilla OS language. English US is selected for me. So let's see if I click this arrow here. Yeah, we just continue. So this is a very unique installer. I haven't really seen this kind of installer before. I'm not sure if it's their own custom installer or if they've kind of reworked ubiquity or calamaris or something like that. As far as the keyboard layout, English is fine. The variant English Australian was chosen for me. That's really not what I wanted. I want English US, of course. I could test the keyboard here and type some things, typing special characters, especially probably what you want to test out there. But I'm going to trust that all of that is OK. Now, date and time region, Africa is chosen. I need to choose America zone. I typically choose Chicago in these list of time zones, because that's the central time zone in the US. It tells me the current time so I can verify that I did choose the current or the correct time zone for me. And then I'm going to click next here, select a disk. I only have one disk inside this virtual machine and clicking on it does nothing. I'm assuming I have to click configure maybe not enough space. 25 gigs. I need a 50 gig virtual machine to actually run through the installation.  So it just took me a quick two minutes or so to destroy that first virtual machine, create a new one with I gave it 55 gigs of space on this virtual hard drive inside the VM. And now it's automatically selected the only drive in the system. And if I click configure, use entire disk. So this will do the automatic partitioning, which is what I'll do. But I could do manual partitioning if I wanted to, but I'm going to do the automatic partitioning. So I'll hit apply and then I'll click the next arrow here and confirm changes. So this is to verify that we're about to format that drive and right to the disk, anything on that disk, of course, will be erased, you know, if it already had something on it. But this is a brand new virtual machine. So I'm not overwriting anything. So I will confirm the changes and now we need to create our user. So my username, I'm going to say is DT. So DT is the user. And then we need to create a strong and complicated password for the DT user. And then confirm the strong and complicated password. And now click next. And then we have our summary. So language is good keyboard, time zone, disk and our user. So let's go ahead and install vanilla OS. Now this portion of most Linux installations takes between five and ten minutes. So I'm going to pause the recording and I will be back once the installation has completed and the installation has completed. That took maybe five minutes or so. I'm going to go ahead and click the reboot now button and restart. And remove the installation media. If I hit enter, the VM should automatically do that for me. And we are at our login screen. So let me go ahead and click on the DT user. Now, once again, let me move my head out of the way. It defaults to Wayland. So just GNOME is GNOME with Wayland. But if you wanted to, you could use Xorg and you probably would need to do that, especially if you are an Nvidia user. So I'm going to go ahead and log in with my strong and complicated password. And this is, of course, the GNOME desktop and GNOME 43. Let me go ahead and change the display here. Or we run through any kind of post installation stuff. I'm going to go ahead and make this 1920 by 1080 for the screen resolution. And now let's go ahead and run through this start screen here. So let's start color scheme. So by default, you got a light theme. Do you want dark mode by default? For me, I prefer dark themes. I always do dark themes. So that's nice that we go ahead and get a chance to set that right now. And you can see, as soon as I set that, we get a different wallpaper and we get a dark GTK theme. Choose one or more package managers to install. So there's a lot of package management stuff with vanilla OS. And it looks like by default, it will install flat pack and app image. But you could turn these off. I guess if you did not want to use them for me, I use both flat pack app image. I also use snaps. I've got no problem using any package format that's out there. So I'm going to click next and then applications. Do we want to install the core applications? Do we also want to install the Libre Office suite? I would typically install Libre Office on an actual computer in a VM.  So bottles is like a wine wrapper to install Windows programs inside Linux. By the way, bottles was created by the guy that created vanilla OS. So he is actually a well known in the free and open source community for creating a lot of really neat applications, including bottles.  Next up, open VM tools. Choose whether to install open VM tools for the virtual machine. I'm not sure what open VM tools is probably something to do with GNOME boxes, which is a front end for QEMU, kind of like Vert Manager. GNOME boxes, they're kind of the same on the back end and just different GUIs to them. But I'll go ahead and install it. It's probably a small download restricted codecs. And that's needed for playing multimedia, especially for you standard desktop users. You really want multimedia codecs to make sure all of your audio files and video files and DVDs and Blu-rays and all that stuff play correctly. Then extra settings. The following are optional settings. Leave them as they are if you don't know what they do. So at port, that's a crash reporting system. So you want to send crash reports for me. Yeah, I don't mind sending crash reports to Linux distributions that ask for that information. I've got no problem with that and then authentication required. So I need to enter my sudo password to authenticate those changes. And why did I need to add a sudo password? Because obviously we told the system to install or remove a bunch of software, right? And to install and remove software, you have to give a sudo password. That says the subsystem is ready to go. We've got a little slide show here, but it says the changes are being applied. Please wait. And now that post installation stuff has completed. And you can see, once again, we need to reboot. So let me go ahead and reboot. All right, let me log back in. And now we're back in the desktop. You can see we are finalizing some stuff. So the device will be ready soon. Looks like it's installing several things from FlatHub.  And it finished installing those packages from FlatHub. That took three or four minutes. And you can see done. The device is ready to use. So let's go ahead and close and let's look around a little bit. So if I hit the super key, let's get into the menu system just to take a quick look at what is installed out of the box. Remember, I didn't choose LibreOffice. I didn't choose bottles and some of the extra tools. But mostly what we have here are the standard GNOME suite of applications. We really don't need to take a look at any of that. We got the GNOME terminal, GNOME music, GNOME maps, clocks, weather, cheese, which is our webcam program. But the vanilla OS centric stuff would include things like the vanilla OS control center and you can see it's loading the drivers. No drivers available. So this would look for extra proprietary drivers. This is really needed if you have, for example, an NVIDIA graphics card. You need the proprietary driver probably for your NVIDIA card. Right. Also, those of you installing this on a laptop probably need a proprietary Wi-Fi driver. So this tool should automatically go and install that for you. In my case, doing this in a VM, all the drivers are open source. There was nothing to go find. And then we have the update tab. And remember, on the website, it had the smart update feature that is ticked on by default update scheduling. It's going to do the smart update weekly, the latest update. It'll tell us when the last update check was run. In this case, it's never been run because we just installed this for the first time. And then you have subsystems. So this would be our containerized applications. There are no containerized apps installed on the machine. So let's close that out. The most interesting thing about vanilla OS, of course, will be software packaging containerization. So let's actually install some software. So I'm going to do a quick search for the software center. Of course, this is going to be GNOME software. And let's find a package that I want to install is H-Top installed out of the box because I'm going to need that. Anyway, it says no application found. So that could be a situation where it hasn't run a sync of the repositories because, of course, H-Top should be available through the app package manager. Also, you can install it on art for door. H-Top is available everywhere. So I'm not sure. Let me actually just go through one of the categories and see if any of this stuff has been populated yet. If I go to play here, the everything is kind of empty. It's just taking a long time to load. I may have to wait a minute or two to make sure that the yeah, everything syncs correctly. Now I do a search. Let me do a search for something I know is available as a flatback proprietary software discord. If I can spell it correctly, and of course, there is discord. If I click on it, loading application details. And you can see we've got the install button, the repository we're installing from, which is flat hub because this is a flat pack. And of course, if I installed that, it would probably appear in that settings manager where we have the containerized apps tab, because of course, flat packs are containerized apps, but I'm not going to install discord. It's kind of a big program. Let's see. If I did a search for H-Top, it's still not there. What's a small program I know is available as a flatback? Let's install Vim, because I don't think Vim is installed out of the box on a boon too. I don't know. It may be installed out of the box on vanilla OS, apparently not because we have the install button, and we can install it as a flat pack from flat hub. So let's install Vim. This should just take a couple of seconds to install Vim. Actually, I've been waiting about, I don't know, 30 seconds, 45 seconds. And it's still installing the flat hub servers. I don't know if they're normally kind of slow, or maybe they're just being overworked today. This is a long time for installing such a small program, though. And I've been waiting about two minutes now. You can see installing 100%, so it looks like it has finished. And now, yeah, let's hit the open button and see what happens here. Loading application details. I thought maybe it would actually just launch Vim, but there's something else is going on here. Yeah, it's not launching, but Vim, of course, is a terminal application. To launch it, you really would launch your terminal, and then let's try to run Vim. Vim, command not found. So even after installing it, yeah. But if I go through the menu system and search for Vim, Vim is there. I click on it. It does launch. Okay. So maybe the binary name being a flat pack, of course, the binary name is not going to be Vim, of course, it's going to be something different, right? Because with control T, bring up the terminal it will. Let me zoom in. Let's run a quick flat, flat pack list. And there's all the flat packs. And where is Vim? And that's the last line here. You can see the name is actually org.Vim.Vim. And the last Vim is capitalized. So the actual binary would be org.Vim.Capital Vim. You have to do flat pack, run, org.Vim.Vim. Yeah. That is one of the annoying things with flat pack. It's one of the things that bugs me more so than with snaps and app images is that, you know, I just want to be able to type Vim and go. And I don't know. I will probably have to uninstall Vim being a Vim user because I've been trying to use it all the time. I'm not typing all of that. I probably uninstall the flat pack and probably just install it as some other package format. But we're just going to leave that for now. Let me go ahead and hit Ctrl Alt T again to bring up a terminal. Let's go ahead and make this full screen once again and zoom in. Let's talk about this Apex package manager. So I'm not exactly sure how to use it. If I just use Apex without any arguments, I'm assuming it will give me help information and it does. That's nice. And there is Apex update, which is update the list of available package Apex upgrade. So you have to do a update and then an upgrade kind of like you do with the apt package manager, I'm assuming. Do I need pseudo privileges for this? I do Apex update. Will it complain? It says it's creating a container. Okay. This is installing basic packages. And you can see some of the container stuff it's doing. You can see it's doing something with Podman here. So it's really focused on a lot of these containerized technologies, vanilla OS. And you can see it finished. All packages are up to date. I wonder if I could do an Apex search. I'm not sure if search was one of the flags, but I do Apex search htop. Yeah. Okay. And you can see htop is available from the apt package manager. So if I did Apex install htop, would it just install the standard Debian package? Looks like it will. And now if I run htop, htop is not available. How do I run it? I've got to figure out how to run these things because I guess I could go into the GNOME menu and look for htop and launch it that way. But I mean, what is the name of the binary? By the way, memory usage. While we're here, CPU usage quite low. We're not doing anything to use the CPU though. So it should be low. Using about 1.2 gigs of the 6 gigs of RAM. That's not unusual. GNOME typically takes about 1 or 1.1 gigs, even when you're not doing anything. So this is pretty standard for GNOME. But still, where is htop? I guess I could do a sudo find on the root file system, the slash dash i name for the string htop. If the sudo password, I'm gonna find where this htop binary is. And it looks like I have found it. Let me zoom out a little bit and I'm gonna move my head because it looks like this line right here slash home slash dt dot local slash there slash containers slash vfs dir and then this hash number which I'm assuming is a specific hash for the package user share doc htop. So that's where the document is. The one above it is the same path that's up at the very end user bin htop and that would be the binary. So if I actually copied that and pasted that full path in the terminal and hit enter it says permission denied. What if I did a sudo bang bang. Yeah now I could run it. I have to have root permissions to run htop that way but that is where that binary lives. So there is really no way that they want you to actually run a program like that with sudo privileges when typically you would not need sudo privileges. So I'm assuming and this is one of these things sometimes you got to do some trial and error. It's probably in the documentation and one of the things I try to get especially newer delinix users to do is read man pages read help information remember apex without any information gives us essentially the help and I bet there is some kind of run command there it is. Okay so if I did apex run and then I run any of these containerized packages that I installed through apex would they run. So apex run htop. There we go. Alright so that is how you do that. I'm wondering apex run vim. It says vim not found in the path so I guess it only works for those that I installed actually with the apex command line interface installing vim through flat pack through the GUI I guess I'd still have to run that the traditional way. Well let me sudo flat pack remove vim. Of course vim is not there because it's org.vim.v capital V vim no installed rifts. What is going on here? This is a neat project but I'm really struggling here. Maybe it's not removed maybe it's uninstall. Maybe I forgot how to use flat pack. I think either one of those would have worked but it says no rifts found for org.vim.vim but there it is. Well obviously what I want to do is I want to do an apex install vim and get actually get vim from the app package manager and at least that way I could now do apex run vim and actually get vim. Let me close out the terminal and let me get back into the menu system. I'm going to go back to this vanilla OS control center and remember we had the drivers tab the updates tab and then the subsystem tab installed application so this is all our containerized applications well not really it's only listing those that were installed with the apex package manager. Flat pack I guess is something completely separate so anything you install as a flat pack isn't here but I have vim and htop both here and it actually launches them when you actually click on them so that's another way you could launch them but being mainly a keyboard centric kind of person I want to be able to through a run launcher either through just hitting super and you know here in you know which would work because it will launch them but especially thing using tools like d-menu and rophy you know I wouldn't I would have to prepend some of these applications to launch with things like apex run name of package and that's really really clunky especially once you get into scripting with some of these other configurable run launchers like d-menu now of course the reason they're doing all of this is because they're not installing any of those packages from the apt package manager as your traditional apt packages you know and slash user bin where most of your binaries live on most Linux systems right because they're doing everything as a container that's got its own separate kind of like a Nick store or a Geek store you know special directory where it puts all of these things as containers and they do that because theoretically you shouldn't be able to break your system because one app you really can't bring down the whole system and reading a little bit on their website some of their frequently asked questions I did notice that they eventually want to have a rollback feature kind of like Nix and GNU Geeks where you know if something breaks or you just want to roll back to a previous generation right you can just roll back to a previous working state for example if the system is broken and that's a neat feature and that's probably the way not just vanilla OS is going to go but probably most Linux distributions in the future one thing I should do let me open a terminal one more time because we haven't talked about what kind of kernel they are running they're just running 5.19 standard a generic kernel here right and if I do an apt list space dash dash installed or are there any standard binaries installed through the apt package manager says apt it's not found so I can't even do apt I wonder if I could do apex run apt list dash install what are the odds on that actually working yeah it won't so that does not work at all let me go ahead and check on the backgrounds that are installed let's see about their wallpaper pack because that's you know aesthetics do matter I know a lot of people you know I always wonder why I take a look at the wallpapers because again aesthetics do matter so looks like we've got of course two different wallpapers of the split views are depending on whether you're using dark mode or light mode because dark mode will use one wallpaper light mode will use the other I do like this photograph here that's pretty neat actually against a dark theme that is actually a fantastic wallpaper I may just leave that what is this here some interesting vegetation there we've got some water on some leaves we've got octopus or a squid or something there what is this side of a building that actually that very light wallpaper also works very nicely against a dark theme I think I'm just going to go with with this for now so that was just a very quick and cursory look at vanilla OS the very first time I've ever taken a look at it was right here on camera with you and I've got to say it is interesting I do appreciate what they're trying to do being an Ubuntu based distribution and being able to install everything as containerized packages having this immutability having this these this atomic system that theoretically you shouldn't be able to break because of a package doesn't install correctly or things break you it shouldn't affect the system and eventually again they'll probably have that rollback feature like you see and nicks and geeks and things like that and although I didn't try it on camera the fact that with apex by default it installs things from the Ubuntu repositories and containerizes those but I could have also specified with apex to pull down packages from the arch repository and containerize those or the fedora repositories and containerize those so that's a really neat aspect it really does make this a different kind of Linux distribution because so many distributions you know a lot of them all do the same thing there's variations on the same theme essentially but this really is truly unique now before I go I want to thank a few special people I want to thank the producers of this episode Brian Gabe James Matt maximum and Mitchell Paul West when you bought me Alex Homer dragon Chuck commander angry die okay George Lee Mars drum Nate Erion Alexander Paul peace arch and fedora polytech realities for less rep Robert Rowland Steven tools Devlin Willie these guys they're my highest tiered patrons over on patreon without these guys this episode would not have been possible the show is also brought to you by each and every one of these fine ladies and gentlemen all these names you're seeing on the screen right now and these are all my supporters over on patreon because I don't have any corporate sponsors I'm sponsored by you guys the community you like my work want to see more videos about Linux and free and open source software subscribe to distro tube over on patreon these guys for such a new project this thing is actually quite impressive


I'm actually hoping to to use the annotations to deliver a lot of the asynchronous course content and so much of the course content will be living in the margins. So I'll be annotating with the information that I would normally be providing in a lecture so links to videos of demos me doing demos explanations of things links to other sources places where they can watch a short visualization of something.


I was quite delighted because the first speaker's name was also so weak and I found another person with the same name after a long time, like I never heard that name before. So the flash of that I'm going to have today is about why do most developers hate UI development so much. So just to give you a background I come from I have done about 13 years of development mostly on the back end side but then for the past five years or so the front end development has actually excited me quite a lot. And when I was actually shifting my focus more and more towards the front end development because I was getting more and more interested in that a lot of developers actually used to come to me and they used to you know come with a lot of surprises as you know what's wrong with you like you know why do you want to get into the messy structure of front end development like the back end development is so much better. So I just you know trying to think about you know what really makes the front end development so repulsive to most developers. So just run quickly through a lot of these things. The main thing is about logical thought process versus creative thought process like most of us developers we have been modeled to think about in the flowchart way like you know if this then that if this then that but most of the front end development it's not really so much of the logical development. Sorry not so much of the logical thought process but about a creative thought process like you know you need to think about OK where should I place the button so that you know it is really accessible to the user where should the images be where should what should the color be and things like that. So for example I'll give you an example from a site that I've developed. So let's say this is one site where this is one ad button.  So if a developer is supposed to add these he'll say OK why is this ad button at the top. I wanted all these things over here. So the way they try to you know target this is they try to apply logic that you know I mean what is the best way to actually get these things up over there. But as you see in a CSS there is nothing logical about it like when they look at this display settings there they don't understand OK what is this inherit what I'll do is OK since there is no logic let me just do one by one. So they'll keep doing you know one after the other and then see OK whichever fits in the best I just like that and this is how most of the developers they develop UI and then they say that OK you know what this is not my my cup of tea because it just doesn't come and even if that button is showing this ad contact is showing somewhere down here. And there is absolutely no logic in you know getting up with the good UI. And this is one thing that most of the developers face that you know they don't understand most of the constraints. They just want to play with it one by one. Most of the property that you see is like display even position whenever you know they want to position the element somewhere. They just go to position and they select absolute static and relative and things like that. They don't know you know they'll just see OK whichever works that is fine with me. And with that they face a lot of a lot of problem going ahead. Oh sorry I'm running out of time. So and one more reason why they hate your development because because their peers say that your development is bad. So another problem is with leading styles because they do do select styles in this way when the application complexity grows big that style actually flows down right. And so in one component where they did not want that style. There are also things start showing up. So they really I mean these kind of things really you know creates problem for a developer. So how to make life easier for a developer in the UI development. One thing that I am really doing a lot of research these days is what if there is only one position which is absolute. This will make things look so much nicer to a developer that I want this button here. I will just specify what is X and Y and it should be there. This sounds more logical to me. So not the time right now to think about this in detail but I'll talk about it later. What if there are more meaningful panels like you have it in frameworks like you know a silver light where I come from. They have good meaningful panels like stack panel dock panel grids and all this will make more logical you know structure of the UI. What if there are no manual edits always use to prefix you know precompilers like lessons as always have packages like auto prefixes lint and good you guys good editors so that because whenever the developer has to edit anything by hand that is the pin point with them. And then make your developers participate in usability testing so that they do actually understand what is the customer looking for because as a developer. I always think that OK this button is there. The user is going to click on that but you know I will only concentrate upon what happens when the button is clicked but the user does the developer doesn't really realize that you know this user has to see that button and click on that. So make them you know participate in usability testing then use things like shadow DOM and the angle operator to make sure that at least your styles don't flow down. So these kind of things few of them when we make our developers follow more and more their life will become much more easier and they'll start appreciating your development. OK so the last point was like if you try to make your development more logical than creative absolutely it has to be creative but make it more logical. Thanks. We have two more speakers after which so we want to go again. So if anybody else wants to come and speak before that you're welcome to up next is Prashant. Good evening guys. How many of y'all are designers here. Please raise your hands. How many of y'all feel that you've designed something and the developer has given something which is like slow sluggish. It lacks the performance and it's not up to mark. Please raise your hands. OK. So within this five minutes I'm going to talk about one of the most interesting technologies we have today. That is SVG. OK. So how many of y'all have used SVG or how many of y'all have told your designers to I mean include SVG stuff. OK. So a couple of guidelines and designing SVGs. I am about me. I'm a front end developer from Bombay and I've been freelancing since almost five years from now. And I work a lot on visual based creative websites. So I work extensively on SVG and some of the guidelines that I've told to some of my designers. I would want to share some of the insights. So first of all SVG is pure code.  So try to simplify your points. If you have something like gradient measures and stuff like that don't come completely avoid gradient measures. So instead you can use a simple gradients like radial gradients. I mean linear gradients and stuff like that. Combine the parts as much as possible. Use simple strokes and fills. How many of y'all have used SVG animation. So I think one of the best ways you can animate an SVG is using a stroke. So obviously the stroke and obviously you can create good vector parts using only stroke. So make sure your strokes are very simple. I think that's it. Thank you for being such a good audience. Thank you. Thanks Prashant. Sakshi is next. Hello. Hi my name is Sakshi and I work at Praktor. This is going to be about how to build a style guide for your company's website and other products like a general CSS. Yeah. So designers have their own way of designing stuff. And so as a developer, I'm a developer here and not a designer, not a PM. So this is my side of story how it's difficult to build UI components and how to maintain consistency across all products. So we were given a style guide of components where there are colors and fonts and different kinds of buttons and layouts. And making like developing this into a consistent file and file system and maintaining it across products is extremely difficult and requires a lot of work. Writing it from scratch. So what we did was like we picked up a CSS framework which is semantic UI which looked similar to what our developers wanted. And this also allows theming. So there are different kinds of themes which you can pick whichever whichever looks closest to whatever you want. So despite that, there will be changes that you will need to make to do those. So semantic provides variables and you can create your own themes using that. So for example, a button that here looks like this. And if I want to make it look like this, all I had to do was go to the buttons. Just go to the theme.config file, change the theme name here and go to the variables file and give them whatever values that I wanted. This way I could do it for all the components picking whatever is closest to my requirement and just try to gulp task to move the theme to our folder and just build the CSS files that way. This helped us maintain all our components and anyone can just use the classes and continue just coding using it. Thank you. Thanks Akshay. Is anyone else speaking? Shaila? Hi again. So this is something that I am doing currently nowadays a lot so I am going to speak about that. By the way, how many of you attended JSFU also in the last two days? Oh, it has only started. So if you would have noticed that the slides today were much more beautiful, cleaner, the font size was good, the color choice was much better and the graphics and everything in the slides was much better than what I saw in the last two days. So yeah, it proves. So, okay, so the next one that I'm going to talk about is about usability testing and design review, not what to do, but mostly what not to do in a usability testing. So what exactly is usability testing? You have created your product and you are very excited to go to the market, but hold on your hustle because your user may not use your application the way you have designed it for them. So you want to make sure that your user is actually aware of all the features that you have incorporated. So the purpose is to get a good, it's like a good feedback mechanism for your application to make it much better. So one thing that you have to make sure in your usability testing, like big companies, what they do is they'll make a user sit in a room, put a lot of cameras into their face and eyes and everything and then see how they are reacting to each and everything. But it's not always possible for us. So what we should do is as much as possible, sit with the user. If the user is not co-located, at least have a video conference and at least try to look at the face of the user also. And if that is also not possible, tell the user to think aloud. When the user is actually using the application, tell them before you start with the usability testing, set the expectations very clear. Tell them what exactly they should expect out of the application. Do not discuss about the feature. Do not tell them that, okay, you know what, I have got this cool feature in the application. Let them discover it and that is the purpose of the testing. But tell them what to expect from the application that, you know what, this is a movie ticket booking application and not a rail booking application. So those kinds of expressions should be set. And while they are testing, it actually happens quite a lot that, you know, the user is saying, okay, where is the button to book my ticket?  But you should keep absolute silence and not give any kind of hint to the user. Let the user search for it, see how difficult it is getting for the user to search for that button. And tell the user that, you know, okay, tell what is going on in your mind. The user will say that, okay, you know what, this user is so cluttered, I cannot really find the button. I'm expecting a button to be here somewhere, but I just don't see it.  So let this kind of feedback come in, never give any kind of hint, never give any kind of expectation to the user that, you know, what to expect in the UI. So that is one very major point.  So normally what I do is the application that I'm creating on, I'm working on a startup right now. So I always make my wife test it because whatever, even if I get angry and all I have to keep quiet and you know, I cannot really vent it out. So, yeah, so, yeah, let me just see if I missed out any point. Yeah, so I think that was more about it. This was quite a slow pace for me. Good. So the main thing and the takeaway is that see what the user is doing. See their gestures. We saw a lot of good presentations today about, you know, collecting measures from the user about their gestures. So always see very minutely what the user is doing and tell them to keep talking about it. And then after the usability testing is done, then tell them that, you know what, the button was there only and they'll have an aha moment and you'll also have an aha moment kind of. So, yeah, and always keep incorporating those changes. And that's why the best thing is that even if you have like 10 friends, do not discuss your application with your 10 friends because use each of those friends as a good tester for your application. Keep absolute silence about your application. Take them into a room one day and give them the laptop and then tell them that, you know what to use this application and then see their reactions and how they're using it. So that's the best way. Do not discuss your application features before it is, you know, actually out to the user. So yeah, that's about it.


So shall we say there will be a salary increase for both the junior and senior staff now? I hope this will motivate everybody to do better in the coming years. I think that's a good idea. I couldn't agree more. I see your point, but sorry everybody, I look at it differently. I know we've got a better economic environment these days, but don't you think we should first secure the company's financial reserves just in case the economy goes down again in the future? I'm afraid it could be a bit reckless to give everybody a salary increase at this stage. And to be honest, I don't think we should just assume that staff in this company are looking for a rise in their salary, should we? I'm afraid we don't quite see it that way. I know for sure we're making money these days, so why not show a bit more appreciation for our staff by giving everybody some more money? There's no doubt that this would be good for our people and for the company as a whole. Hey, wait a minute. Would it be possible to consider this issue from another perspective? Yes, we're making money, and so we should be using our money wisely in order to make more money. I have two apartment projects in mind, which I think are too good to miss, and they are certainly money-making. The prerequisite is that we do need to invest extra money in order to get these two projects done well. I can give you people more details about these projects later, but what I'd like to say is if we don't have enough money to do them, I'll be seriously concerned about our survival in the market.


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That's all we're asking people do is just to be compassionate enough, I guess, and caring enough to check in on one another and just make sure we're doing the right. This is a tough business. Life is a tough business. But then life in the military adds on to that. There is a stigma. Certainly, there's a stigma surrounded with suicide. There's a stigma surrounded with mental health. Stigma aside, we're also talking about life. A lot of times mental health can manifest in kind of somatic or physical symptoms. That can be a big major warning sign to you that there's something wrong that we just kind of ignore. You know, if you get a cold, you can tell that you've got cold symptoms. You know, you've got a cough, runny nose, fever, whatever it is. Part of preventative mental health is starting to figure out what those emotions you're going through, why am I feeling this way? And so anything you could do for your health overall, including mental health and doing it early, is always best versus waiting until after the disease has progressed. To be able to reach out to a friend and to encourage a friend to get help when they need it is the biggest gift that you can give somebody. And so, you know, just to maintain awareness for each other and also for ourselves. I think we have to find a way to be there for one another that when someone starts talking seriously about hurting themselves or others, we need to take it seriously. Knowing that we're not all trained clinicians and so no one's asking anyone to immediately intervene but to help them find someone, a professional, who can intervene. This is what we exist to do. Like your CO's, the, you know, captains and animals, they literally pay us to be in the space where sailors can find care, where they aren't stressed, where they can decompress. So the level of confidentiality that you have when you talk to a chaplain is unlike any other provider. So when I say confidentiality, I mean 100% no exceptions. I kind of wrap around services that will take care of mental health issues, take care if there's something going on with the family, if there are financial issues, financial pressures going on, relationship pressures going on. But then really where we can come in is where the person's in the quote, red. So there's problems with family, you know, relationships, there's a noticeable decline in functioning. Sailors can go to their primary care provider when they can ask for a referral for mental health. The biggest thing is alongside the challenges of the Navy, I think comes a really unique community. And so what we have to do with that community is make sure that we're taking care of each other. And so it's not always just what someone says. Someone begins to isolate themselves, they're not showing up at the parties anymore, they're not. Or when they are, they tend to be alone. Yeah. And it's just, it's something off, it's something different. Those are times I think what's really important for us as friends and fellow service persons.  So what we should be shooting for is developing community and our workspaces and our units, whatever it is so that people can actually open up about what's going on in their life. A lot of times we just forget that sailors have other lives, right? And people forget that we can't do this alone. None of us do it. We all need to walk with someone every once in a while. That's what our brother and sisterhood is about. One thing that we don't hear about, especially in light of people who do take their own lives when they don't seek mental health is all the success stories of people who do get better. Most people want to make it through. They want to succeed and really all it is is that sometimes we need someone to walk with us a little way until we're back on our feet and ready for the job again.


Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Sang-Eun Lee. I'm an applied data fellow at the University of Chicago. Today, I want to present about my paper, Both from Home, Evaluation Framework for Election Security on Remote Voting in Response to COVID-19. So because it's my first time to present in DEF CON, I just wanted to give some brief intro by myself. I am a recent policy degree graduate with both engineering and economics background. I lived, I've born and lived in South Korea and I lived in Japan and the United States as well and in the United States I used to live in Illinois, New Hampshire and now in Wisconsin. I worked in the South Korean government agencies in cybersecurity, namely Korea Internet and Security Agency and National Security Research Institute. I'm a member of ITUT study group 17 security, so I used to make some recommendations and also the, I reviewed the standardization recommendations from others and well, recently I can't, I am not joining very actively. However, it was one of the good part of my job as well. I'm interested in cybersecurity, quantitative methods and global conflict, especially cyber conflict. Well, maybe that's from, that's because from I'm South Korea because we have a North Korea facing, but still this is my interest and it's about, it's a short intro about myself. So let's talk about COVID-19. As of 28th of July, total confirmed COVID-19 cases marked more than 60.5 million while the United States having the highest number of cases. Global deaths caused by this infectious disease, infectious virus, are more than half million while the United States have the highest death tolls, regardless of having been contained or not. The deadly virus spread by human contact has changed our daily so differently. So as a grad student, I had to see my graduation, as a former graduate student, I had to see my graduation ceremony on YouTube and a number of workplaces had changed to or shifted to work from home. So some of them are working like this or like this and your office is closed like this. We found a number of possibilities and threats at the same time while working from home, including cyber threats. Then how about the democracy? On April 7th, the state of Wisconsin held its in-person primary election as a preparation for the presidential elections scheduled on November. However, because of the public health concerns, 14 other states have postponed their elections as the primary elections and here you can see the United States is not the only country to postpone the election. A lot of countries all over the world have postponed indefinitely or rescheduled their elections due to COVID-19 outbreak. Meanwhile, you could see a number of alternative methods to vote, so vote from home. And to vote from home, there are a number of suggestions how to vote from home. First is about mail, both by mail. Second is about voting online. And third, well, this is also part of voting online, but because a lot of public perception of blockchain seems to have a transparency and accuracy, I also included blockchain here. However, we need to ask a question. Are they trustworthy? I already know that history of voting village starts from the questioning cyber security of election infrastructure. Not only such cases of voting machine hacking, this information, I wanted to emphasize how the remote voting method involving technology and not involving technology as well is vulnerable, while more public interest and research is required in this field with cross-disciplinary approach, like what I've done right now. So first, let's talk about elections, democracy, and COVID-19. Election is a cornerstone of democracy, and it's a central feature and a basic predicate of democracy. The primary mechanism to select and to check, so check and balance, the political leader, and it allows electors to participate in the governance of the country and also the municipality. And COVID-19, because the COVID-19 outbreak is very serious issue in public health, government responses usually involve mobility restriction, social distancing, and restrictions on economic freedom, business operations, and organizational activities. As a result, the state stay at home restriction orders affected to reduce mobility by 7.87%. And we've faced, we've seen a lot of civil unrest against the government orders, and it's happening right now as well. And we also see a lot of cases of disinformation campaigns to install the public distrust within the society. On elections, first, it discourages voters from casting a vote, because it's dangerous for you to cast a vote in person. Second, there is a barrier impacts which induces the post-putting off the election. Third, electoral cycle as a whole can be posed with various types of risk. Electoral cycle here, I, in the table below, I mentioned about the three different electoral cycle, which is pre electoral, electoral, and post electoral. They all have a risk due to the COVID-19. And usually the risk is about limits on fiscal meetings. And in this paper, not my own paper, the paper which I reference, he suggests that most of the mitigation method would be online. So access to your access to the internet and have a meeting at there, have a training at there, and diffuse the information at there. And you need to, there is a way of voting online, and there is a postal voting. And at the same time, after the election, there is online review, online meeting sessions, and documentations can be transferred online. And we can have even online parliaments, just like we have seen recent testimony of big tax. So what I wanted to deliver is the assessment framework on remote voting security. The framework evaluates in person voter verifiable voting versus remote voting methods. The criteria is software independence, accuracy, fairness, trustworthiness, and secret vote. The software independence here is defined as a voting system is software independent, if an undetectable change or error in its software cannot cause an undetectable change or error in an election outcome. And it's defined in 2008 by Professor Rivest. And here, because during the evaluation, first, I didn't distinguish between the internet and mobile voting, because they're both basically, both of them are network method of voting. And both by mail is defined as a voting method using paper ballots casted by a mailing service. The traditional voting is in person method with paper ballots. However, I did not consider DREs because you know what it is, we already have plenty of knowledge of how DREs are exposed to cyber threats. And this research only considers the electoral cycle. So the election itself. The criteria for the criteria is our first software independence. I measured this as a yes or no. Second, accuracy, whether the vote is accurate or not by three different levels. Third, fairness, whether the vote has a fair chance to cast a vote by the electorates by three different levels. Trustworthiness, it's also about whether the vote is trustworthy. And especially whether the results are trustworthy. Fifth, the secrecy is about whether the casting of both is assured with the secret vote principle. And the criteria measures are in person voting with three different voting methods, remote voting methods. First, online voting. Second, both by mail. And third, blockchain. Because like blockchain, as I just mentioned before, is considered as very safe and transparent because the blocks are distributed. So I included this as a method to evaluate within my framework. And evaluation results are like this. As I mentioned, I evaluated internet voting, blockchain, both by mail and traditional method. In terms of software independence, because internet and blockchain both involves software, it is not independent. However, both by mail is software independent. And in traditional method, it is yes, it is indeed independent. Actorsy, internet voting, blockchain voting, we already found the vulnerabilities that may change the results of the voting. So it's not assured. While both by mail is partially assured, however, we also need to consider the other points apart from the cybersecurity. So I cannot say this is fully assured. And about the traditional, yes, it's assured. Under the consideration that the vote is fairly administered and fairness, internet blockchain is partially fair because apart from cybersecurity, not a lot of people may have access to internet or blockchain technologies. So that's why I mentioned, I'll explain this some more later. Both by mail, it's seemingly fair. And traditional method, I think it's the most fair method. And trustworthiness, it's vulnerable for both internet and blockchain method. And both by mail is less vulnerable. It cannot say it's fully adaptable. However, in traditional method, it is adaptable and safe. And for the secret vote principle, it's also saying internet and blockchains are vulnerable. And both by mail is less vulnerable. And traditional method is adaptable and safe. This measurement, this measurement evaluation was provided by all the research referenced by myself. So if you see the, if you read the paper, you can see the references from this all results. And to make some points, first, blockchain voting and internet voting vulnerabilities are not zero day. They, we have, I can, I even add a non-cyber security technology professional, a non-hacking professional as me can, could find a number of vulnerabilities are listed from academic papers. And also some corporate reports as well. And both by mail is exposed to such issues as both for sale, identification issue, et cetera, which may undermine its credibility. And as I just mentioned, involving technological equipment is not free from digital divide. Well, a lot of researchers, a lot of researchers tells that tell that the use of the increased use of technology and diffusion of technology, especially the information of communications technology, leads to a better human progress like enhanced opportunity, more freedom and more civil rights. However, still, because it's not affordable to everyone, it is likely to face the digital divide in there. And this may be an international issue, but it also could be a domestic issue, which is very critical to critical to consider while administering the election. At the same time, not everyone is digitally literate. So for me, like if I am provided with some guidelines, I can both cast a vote by blockchain applications or internet. However, it is not, it is not fully possible to give proper explanation at the different literacy levels over the age groups. So not everyone is digitally literate. So this is the thing that we should consider further. And to make some remarks here, paper ballots are seemingly invisible towards cyber threats posed on remote voting by achieve software dependence. However, we also need to require operational transparency while administering the election. Second, unlike other features of the internet, blockchain remote voting is essentially exposed to cyber threats. And third, the results suggest that further concerns on administering election remotely. So such as like a digital divide and we also need to be aware of some terrorist groups who want to undermine the election credibility. So hijack the transportation methods or something. We have a lot of risk, not only cyber risk, but also physical risk here. So we need to consider those kind of thing as well. Fourth, the levels determined on the evaluation criteria are not contending immunity of safety, reliability or auditability beyond the codes and packets. So it has a room to develop and it's a room to consider for more and more discussions, more research should be involved in here. So not because I'm from South Korea, I wanted to introduce one best practice from South Korea for election. South Korea was also not free from COVID-19 at the moment of election April. South Korea was one of the top 10 countries with its numbers of infected people. At the same time, South Korea also had its national election to vote for the members of the National Assembly. Interestingly, the election results on April 15 to 2020 turned out to show no new domestic coronavirus cases related to the election. So how is this possible? The voting does not involve voting machines in Korea, so we don't use DREs. It is fully traditional in-person paper ballot voting. With further resources, South Korea was available to administer its election safely, not by special recipe, but by very principled basics. Masks being required, gloves were handed to the voters by the election administration, and they had to keep the distance, social distancing, and the temperatures were checked for all the voters who participated the election. It was simple, but an effective method to contain the virus from spreading. So what I want to deliver from this practice is that regardless of how the virus is out there, still in-person traditional voting is available, and we also need to consider about that. So in conclusion, without paper ballots, online voting is very vulnerable, as we all know, and if and only if in-person voting is unavailable, our second best option is to vote by mail. And in-person with paper ballot collection is not an impossible option, as we've seen from South Korea, an un-nation-wide election. And the further thing that I want to mention is, first, we need to have a better operational capacity in administering the election. Second, we need to recall the higher interest by the electorates, the voters. And finally, we also need not only the general interest, but further research is required, not only cybersecurity, but also physical security, operational security, and how to optimize the voting process. All of them are required and should be considered multidisciplinary. So thank you for your time, and I'm open to questions. So please send me an email or talk, send me a message through Discord and any other method. Thank you for listening.


The accuracy of prediction methods for 16S ribosomal RNA, RNA, sequences vary significantly depending on the identity of the sequence with respect to a reference database. At low identity levels, less than 90%, the accuracy of prediction falls rapidly, making it difficult to accurately predict the taxonomic rank of the sequence. This article was authored by Robert C. Edgar.


I'm Cody Applegate, and I'm from Richland, Washington. Okay, Cody. Now, could you share with us your testimony, what God has done in your life? And let's start from the beginning. Start what, how did you came about the church, and what, what was, what's your testimony? Well, my testimony is I was addicted to marijuana since sixth grade. I'm 27 years old now, so that's about 15 years of addiction. Mike, Dora Shuck invited me to Hungry Generation about a year ago, and how was your life before coming to Hungry Generation, before giving your life to Jesus? So, I think like most marijuana smokers, they spend all their money on weed, and I spent a lot of money on alcohol as well, because with weed comes alcohol and other drugs, and I just was living in a lifestyle that was in the dark. How did it make you feel? What made you seek the solution for your life? What made you seek God in your life? I just knew that I was pretty much coming to an end. I got a DUI about April 1st, so about a year ago. I wish it was just an April Fool's joke, but it wasn't. So, I just dedicated my life to Jesus Christ and started attending a home group with Mike. So, after giving your life to Jesus, what some changes that you begin to notice in your life? Well, I'm sober, so that's good. Since when you've been clean from drugs and alcohol? So, I've been clean from marijuana for consistently six months now, and I haven't touched any alcohol since Thanksgiving. Come on church, let's put our hands together for Jesus. And something about Cody is that he's a businessman. He's actually quite a very successful businessman. He has about 20 employees, right? About 20 employees in his company, and I want him to share also an unimportance of prayer and how it's not just coming to church, but being consistent and coming to prayer. And if those of you that come to morning prayers, you can see Cody without a fail every morning he comes and he spends an hour with God and then goes to the gym and then goes to work. And so I want him to share a little bit on importance of prayer and how did it change your life and what benefits you've seen from committing your life consistently to prayer? I just listened to actually Vlad's podcast about prioritizing your schedule. And I think that's number one, the most important thing is you have to make God number one when you wake up in the morning. Just like we make God number one in our ties when we get our check, we have to make God number one in the morning when we wake up. And I have consistently been coming to morning prayer and just been praying for my sobriety and been praying a lot for my kids to come back home for those that know me. I've had to visit my kids over in Lake Stevens for like the past four months so driving over their sex and it's just not very good time. And my lawyer even told me she was like, Cody, I just don't really see it happening. So you've been praying for to get custody of your kids or to a visitation. Okay, visitation at home which you were not able to do that before. Correct.  Your lawyer said that looks like it's not going to happen after so many times and attempts to fight it in court, right? So what happened? So for those that know, it's literally paperwork after paperwork, declaration after declaration. And I paid a lot of money for this attorney and she knows what she's doing. So when she told me I don't think that it's going to happen, I just prayed harder and prayed more. And she called me about a week and a half ago and she told me the good news that I'll be bringing my kids back home. Now, Cody, as we talked upstairs and you mentioned something I think is beneficial for all of us to hear is that when you give your love to Jesus, you know, some people they experience this dramatic change immediately 180 degrees. For you it was a little bit different. You gave your love to Jesus and it was a process. And you shared with us that alcohol and drugs, the way you came about giving it up and the way you were fighting it was actually through consistent prayer. Can you share with us a little bit more? Yeah, I just, you know, I talk a lot about how you can't give up on God. He's with you through all walks of life. And as soon as you think that he's not listening to your prayers, he is.  And how do you, is that you told me that after you started committed to morning prayers is that where you begin to see how the grip of drugs smoking weed and alcohol begin to get looser and looser and looser until the point that you completely were able to stop, which you were tried before, but you weren't able to, right? Right. I would feel like a lot of guilt when I would go out on the weekend and I'd have a few drinks and I was really fighting with the devil. And he would try to convince me that, oh yeah, you can go out and have a good time.  He was trying to convince me how it was okay to drink while I was on vacation. And that devil. But as always, God won that battle. That's good. And I think for us we can underline that point as Cody shared is that, you know, his battle, he began to overcome and he began to get consistent in relationship with God.  Whatever it is, if it's fear, if it's anxiety, if it's an addiction, whatever it might be.  Amen Church. Before you go Cody, I want you to share an importance of giving and tiding. So tell us a little bit more about that. Okay. So with the court that I've been going through for like the last year and the child support, I have just been praying a lot on just being able to give back my 10% to God. Because when you have a couple of kids and you make good income, you give a lot of money.  And I, you know, started tithing my 10% even on times.  Now, share the benefits that you've seen in your company and your personal growth and finances. So like Ilya said, I do own my own company and I've not only tithed from my own personal wallet, but also from the business just because I think it's important that not only I'm blessed, but also my business. So since I've started tithing from the business, our company, and Mike could testify, has been receiving, I mean, blessing after blessing, we are number two office in the entire world right now. Come on, let's put our hands together for Jesus. And our specialists, you know, I've been praying a lot for coworkers and for people that don't know God. And we just had four of our employees win tablets. I won a thousand dollar Best Buy gift card.  Okay, let's put our hands together for Jesus. Thank you, Cody.


This study examined the effects of varying flow rates in the Quebechev Reservoir on the development of phytoplankton populations. The results suggest that an increase in flow rate during the summer-low-water period significantly reduces the amount of organic matter in the water and even prevents cyanobacterial blooms. Furthermore, the study concludes that the flow rate plays a significant role in the regulation of phytoplankton development, even when external organic loads are reduced. This article was authored by A.V. Rakuba.