Today we answer the age old question. What's the best type of Yu-Gi-Oh pack? What's up guys we're back to another video and we are deciding today what the best type of Yu-Gi-Oh pack is You might be like what does type of Yu-Gi-Oh pack mean? So what I mean is the highest rarity card you could pull per pack So we have four different groups in this video first of all we have the ghost rare group So the highest rarity card in this set is a ghost rare. We have a few legendary duelist range of raw We have ghosts from the past the second haunting we have ghosts from the past the first haunting That wasn't the name but the first one and then a legacy of the valiant So all of these the highest rarity card you could pull it's a ghost rare So different times of packs like some have ultimate rare some don't but they all could pull ghost rare Our second contender is starlight packs. So these can pull starlight rares is the highest rarity card So we have five photon shockwave. We have a dimension force and then four battles of chaos So all could potentially pull the starlight rare of whatever is in their specific set There's also other cards like secret rare and stuff like that But the high rarity card is the type of pack that we're talking about then we have the collector rare set So tactical masters we've been opening some of that recently I have five of these and then I have five amazing defenders What's the pearly stuff has actually gone up a little bit? Which is nice because this started off as a dud now It's heating up a little bit and finally we have this secret rare packs where the best set is secret rare So look at that fist of the gad is right at the beginning, but don't worry hidden summoners not that great But it gets better we get the breakers of shadow. That's pretty cool mega packs Those are pretty nice mega 10 2021. We got legendary collection too. That's crazy dark crisis and then pharaoh service So wide variety like for this one There's like some terrible sets or some great sets or some older sets newer sets We're gonna have a total for each of these four different scores We will see which one wins the battle, but first we have a giveaway I'll be getting away these three cards. You have an old school flame swordsman This is a reprint curse of dragon and then a speed duel dark magician girl Just like the video be subscribed turn on notifications Let me know the best type of pack in this video and which one will win the battle Alright, so here are four stacks. We're just gonna go one at a time three So we're gonna start off with fist of the gadgets It's a guaranteed secret rare in here not a lot of crazy cards in here though There is a couple that are worth like eight bucks something like that So that's really what we're aiming for both here with the fire fist card And we got death con bird and a ultimate fire formation Sinto secret rare so the secret rare is pretty sure starting off with nothing next up We have a tactical masters pack will we be able to pull some labyrinth stuff? I'm trying to put together the labyrinth deck I have most of it. I still need some of the cards from this set We want to pull a couple more of the lab or welcome labyrinth regular welcome labyrinth and then the ariana So let's see if we can do it lab with Archfiend And a hojo the valence warrior that is a super rare. So nothing going for the collector rares Let's go to the starlight see if they can pull something Photon hypernova has been great to us when we've opened it up So I'm hoping that this will keep up the streak of that and we'll pull something amazing castamola Of course the cashier stuff is really big right now. It's pretty it's pretty iffy if people actually like it I think for the most part people hate it and then but you know that we're it's still worth money So we're just gonna try and pull it. We have a gold pride nitro head So we've got the super rare there for gold pride our first pack for ghost range of raw Let's see if we can pull it I'm hoping we get something crazy today if we could pull all the rarities Can you imagine that how cool would that be we have a genzo right off the bat a genzo Jector holding arms a white orb Or or a Bahamut that's an ultra rare that is not guaranteed It may or may not be a dollar though, so it might not even count for the score But hey, there's an ultra rare. That's not bad. We'll take it ghost rares first of strike I mean they struck, but I don't know if it actually counted or not. So maybe they did they're so ghostly It's almost like they weren't there next up. Let's go to hidden summoners. Let me know what you guys think about this This is a new, you know, it's kind of similar to our versus battles But I tried to switch it up a little bit have a few options see if you guys like this Prank it's rocket ride cool the prank hits for not that was a lot was all prank hits at the first one. Okay, and The with a tingu the wing Miyake she some of these Miyake she cards are actually worth a little bit So this could actually be our first card over a dollar so secret rare Tingu the wing Miyake she pretty cool. I did play those one time in auction series. They were really fun I actually enjoyed them. So okay, maybe that's pretty good. Next we're gonna go to the tactical masters Will we pull labyrinth or runic stuff? It's all good stuff bear blockery a pendulum fusion Labyrinth Ku Klok. All right. Some people are using this in their lab with decks. We have the duelist alliance named after the set and Runic destruction. So there's some more runic stuff. It's just the super rare But hey not bad. We'll take it. I do want to switch it up with the some of these So I'm gonna go to the starlight rare pie while I'm switching up not for star lights because that's the next one in the Order, but we're gonna go to battle as a chaos here instead of the folks on hibernobah So we have the what is it shining friendship? It's a new one shining piece Philly. Ah, we got the top share I'm doing a certain strike. That's a ruckson special pass the ice-shade erosion Remember we could pull the dark magician in these it'd be crazy knee Roy They'd be funny because it's not even a you know starlight rare Kai's a hidden star and oh Blue-eyes jet dragon. We'll take that secret rare. It's not the starlight rare, but it is a secret rare That's pretty cool. The blue-eyes jet dragon is really really nice Really cool card. You'll love to see that blue-eyes jet dragon really really cool Secret rare, so that's definitely worth money. You might wonder why that's worth money and you guys know it's it's collectors I mean if you're wondering then you're probably not a regular viewer of this channel because usually, you know We're all collectors here, but yeah, that's that's mostly collector and blue-eyes players how to five racks RIP It has been banned. It is no longer worth anything. It's actor hornet and Code exporter, okay So how to five racks used to be like two three dollar card, but then it got hit with the band hammer So it's no longer worth anything back to secrets. We're gonna go through like the lower it the uh, or the yeah What am I trying to say the worst secret wrist first? I'm struggling sure new samurai thunder dragon. It's like a three dollar card Okay, secret rare is getting a nice super rare. Okay, that works circle the Fire Kings. We've got fusion recycling plant and Disciple of neftis. What's up? Is that like multiple sets that I've had neftis cards. No, maybe it was hidden summoners every time Okay, secret rare there. I don't know if that one's any good or not based on neftis I'm gonna say it's not it's probably not too good amazing defenders We have not opened this since we did our opening so let's see if we can get something as a reprint right there Oh ruckson special right to the infernoble knight reynaud not a bad card, but uh, we kind of killed the suspense There's the a pearly happiness. All right, so amazing defenders coming through with a ruckson special You love to see it back to photon hypernova. Let's see if we can get some nice cashier stuff We have a nice variety here today, which is the fun part. I like opening variety of packs It's more fun, you know, you're not like thinking of the exact cards you can get every time and you sometimes forget Oh, this is a new set. What can I actually get in here the gravity ninja? We got shell of chaos and Veronica advent that's a super rare. Okay, it's foil, but not too crazy. Next. Let's open a ghost from the past one First edition. I mean, they're all first-ed. There wasn't an unlimited way for this at least yet So still really cool Sunvine shrine. We have the galaxy eye cypher blade dragon That used to be worth something I think splash mage link Metapoles silvered and Sunvine thrash or so. Yeah, if you guys remember ghosts in the past one other than like the big cards They were pretty terrible. That's so just pretty bad overall in summoners. You're up next We have 40 packs over today. So this may or may not be I mean, it's probably not gonna be too crazy We've been having like more like 15 to 20 minute videos recently Which I think is like the sweet spot that you guys like You don't want to be shorter than that because then it's like not enough, but okay here We go nep this. Oh, wow. This one's nice the gashadobe The gashadokoro the skeletal my oxy. I don't know something like that. So a couple different my oxy's I think those are actually usually over a dollar. We'll have to see the score I mean, it's already popped up by now. You see but what I was saying is I think you guys like Videos, you don't like the videos that are under 50.  So oh, there's a super I forgot to do the pack trick on this one the Neenie the mirrored Miyake. She okay Makenko whatever get me I guess you probably from the last one Okay, so amazing defenders still doing the same old amazing stuff, which is not great battles of chaos Let's get back to that. Let's see if we can pull something good one two three four Just give us a dark magician. I'd be down for that dynamo or via Diplo. So got dynamo or via alert flower Dino, I know it's serpent strike doll monster bear bear rock skills. That was a hollow for a second ghostric shot We have dimensional conjurer and Dark the dark charmer gloomy actually a good super rare So not a bad card. I don't think it's a dollar, but it's a great card back to legendary duelist ranger Rob Will we pull something big out of here? Will it be the ghost rare? There's also the Egyptian God's line, which we pulled the other day. It's like 50 bucks So that'd be a good one psyche boundary. That is a super rare and a reactor slime. So non-guaranteed super I'm not complaining about that even though it's probably not money back to the secret rare pile with breakers of shadow Will we get a buster blader car or something cool like that first the dragon buster destruction source I know it's a buster blader card. Sure. No, we samurai We just pulled this in the other one in super rare formal pal trump girl Draco face off the super every samurai magnet bad luck blast black luster soldier sacred soldier Okay, ultra rare then a tuned buster blader. That's might actually be a dollar or two I don't think it is. I think you got a reprint, but we can check on it All right back to the masters of tactics. What will we pull? I'm wondering what the score is probably not too high You know so far nothing insane, but Probably pretty close invader of darkness cosmic cyclone senate switch Lilith trap trick and Labyrinth set up another lab with the card, but it's just a super rare All right, the time has come for the star lights to open up the dimension force pack We have one of these it's probably the worst of the three sets, but we only had one of them So we're gonna open this one up in the middle see if we can get something good We have the mozara Exclusion I played that Mazzara against that Mazzara on master girl the other day Therion Reaper Mad Mauler I played against that to general probe. We got Prada plant billus Therion bowl and the curse of dragon the magical night dragon super rare I'm sure that is a very valuable card curse of dragon, baby All right last legendary at new list rage. We're all speaking master. We'll go check out my twitch stream We've been streaming Monday Wednesday Friday for the rest of the year. I'm locked in so go check it out Usually on 1 to 2 p.m. Central's when we start streaming left arm offering couple hours after I drop this video Mechlord army of was ill Mechlord army deployer of the got to and chaos Channeling, okay, so that's not a guaranteed super, but I know it's not a dollar back to secrets 2018 Megaton, it's not only a secret but as ultras it has supers it has rares it has it all let's go I don't remember what 2018 really was though phantom nights and though something fa city flame administrator Burning bamboo sword not the bamboo stuff, please fa sonic meister Alter guy sexy a super rare. We got hey true day secret rare. I think this is not a dollar But it's a secret rare Lee the world chalice fairy, okay? And then a world chalice world armor anything else cool million represents linna's in here test run back about the world chalice The infinity patriarch and orbital Highlander Highland ran Okay, nothing too insane there. Let's go back to amazing defenders. We still have not had a huge full still looking for one I'm hoping that it'll happen Let's do two from the back because this this pops up too early amazing defenders Rota we got in pearly happiness rescue a fire attack or the arm protector dragon typhlosion and Overlay region that's just a super rare unfortunately Okay pearly delicious memory and in for the noble knight who really starlight rare as we have photon hypernova I would do the halfway point yet So this might actually be a longer video one two three four here we go Let's get some cash here a couple of aces nice Someone who's using cup of aces with their exodia deck the other day didn't work out so well Just saying exceeds the line a giant ball game for those giant ballpark fans gravity ninja And the abyss dragon sword soul cool sword soul dragons cool stuff goes from the past to it is time to show yourself Let me know in the comments right now. How are you doing on your pig? Like how's it going? You picked the right one your vana high palette and so far nobody's really winning that much So you can't be completely wrong crystal beads or rainbow dragon. That's an ultra rare We got ghost rick of delahan and the sanctum of par chef. I said that was an ultra rare They're literally all true as unless it's a ghost back to secrets 2021 mega tin is this what is this have a pot of extravagance in it or is that 2022? No, this had extravagance and then 2022 at prosperity, right? I think that's our word jabbing panda There's kung fu. We got XC's import artillery catapults or a interesting decision to have that one in here. Oh And a dogmatic a punishment Yeah, that's just a secret rare in the OCG. We call it prismatic secret rare AI Ignis to AI land. Okay, there we go dogmatic a theo the iron punch and then the world shell Okay, nothing too crazy there and for me to do a march fiend. So this is a nice card I don't know if it's over a dollar But I would guess that it's probably around a dollar because this is still usable even not in dogmatic index Cuz I'm pretty sure labrith uses that in a lot of the deck list So that's that's a pretty good one amazing defenders. Let's go Collector rare can we pull something will it be the pearly the EV itself? Sprite blessing tribal rivals. We have puri map something we have arm protector dragon typhlosion and Rescue ace monitor another super not too crazy there. All right. Let's open a battles of chaos first edition pack Here we go one two three four Secret rare or dark magician. That'd be cool. We got a submarine tour ride dynamo or fishel It'd be funny if they won with an ultra rare ghost Rick siren that ghost Rick or treat Epsilon the magnet warrior Darton And Alice lady of lament another super. Okay, we're gonna dry today not pulling anything too amazing goes from the past The second haunting this could change everything ghost rares. I mean higher higher chance of pulling them supposedly sandwich We have generator boss stage and we have a Fossil machine skull convoy with the code radio and reptilian La mia just an ultra so I don't know who's winning right now, but you guys can check right here It's been popping up on the screen, but now we have a little half time It's actually past half time, but we were going for it anyway legendary collection too. Here we go This is a great set. There's a lot of really really strong cards. This could just win it for the secret rare section We got mariner mariner itself might actually be like two bucks air hummingbird Deformation we've got a evil hero delicious fiend. That's a nice super rare. Then we have Fifth hope secret rare not the craziest one, but not bad Dark fusion. I think this is about 350. That's pretty solid Destiny road offender any other good commons and that's about it. It seems all right Well, that probably did definitely help even though it wasn't that crazy next up tactical masters We had great luck the other day, but today it is waning quite a bit. We have quick booster farewell avarance We have not even gotten a foil out of these collector resets, which is pretty normal because they're so hard to pull pure iron wall the nazi key nazi key valence and The valence world we saw alright that is not good back to the hypernova photon Not feeling too good about this so far one two three four We got to redeem ourselves the mental tuner Mineruka focus Acomir the tally ho springins the thunder dragon the emperor the overlap this actor super producer and Ice Jade Azurine, okay I know this is over a dollar actually because I've been selling a bunch of these on TCG But still a nice shade card, which is not awesome. Alright, so this is the last round of the third to last pack So this is goes from the past to Let's do two because I know the middle one supposed to be the coaster We have a course in the sky primal dragon vision here a minimum minimum ray. We've got the co-generator and Rise of the mega monarch which used to be like a $70 secret from the original set I think there's duals the Lance not anymore cuz they got that reprint two packs left for each We have a dark crisis reprint pack getting ready for the 25th anniversary one two three four I think this is what you do something like that. We have fairy of the spring It's the final countdown. That's I'm pretty sure it's two bucks I don't think it's been reprinted cyber raider desk work archfiend the DD trainer dark scorpion chick the yellow token Thanksgiving Legendary flamelord and will we get the exodia neck Ross? No, we will get a blast held by a tribute ultra rare and if you're looking for this first edition PSA 10 I have one for sale looking for it for your collection. It's originally from dark crisis Obviously, we just open dark rise back, but first edition. That's a nice card May or may not be over a dollar and unlimited. I really don't know but hey an old-school ultra rare pulled We will take that amazing defenders. Here we go collector rare Let's pull it one two. Can we get something at least an ultra, please come on limited removal so far rucks in special We got the great Makanko ceremony the pearly happy memory. Yeah, we can't go reflection rondo Rajan rondo We can't go rivalry way. We got something And a my friend pearly will take it. It's a pearly ultra rare. Not bad Hey, look, we're taking anything we can get an ultra rare that actually might be good because I think pearly is like kind of hyped Archetype from that set. Okay two backs love Let's do battles of chaos first see if we can get that dark magician for the starlight rare section one two three four Let's do this. We have dyna morphea Diplos will rucks in special already submarine tour ride dyna morphea shell Monster rebirth darting the mechanical monstrosity ghost trick siren ghost trick treat skill brown magician and The dark contract with patent license unfortunate. Okay last ghost from the past pack And that's just the regular ghost from the past. We've already done the last ghost of the past too. Oh wait Let's do two. Oh wait. No, this might not work like that for ghosts of the past I think it just works like this Cosmo Joe Sunsheet we have the cypher blade dragon got that again metapoles methrillium and Herir Arctic seal of the ceremony creation or whatever it's all. I don't know. Okay last four packs Here we go. We at least got something decent on that last round Let's see if we can get wax that was a pretty good last round with the blast cell by a tribute than the pearly Honestly, not bad. Let's see if we can end it off with a bang. Let's get a genzo. We have a gust island turtle Rain of mercy and Shannon Javelin's go ferris servit shadow of eyes insect imitation DNA surgery gravity bind and A sword hunter hunting with the sword, but that ain't gonna help a battle man. All right tactical masses Joey wheel is out here. He said he's gonna pull a collector. We added this one. Let's do this tactical masters Sayon quick booster compulsory evacuation device bear blocker pendulum fusion runic the spelling and A labyrinth labyrinth a labyrinth card. We asked for it. We received it a lot of labyrinth cards Actually, just not the good ones. That's actually a pretty good card But I already have like a lot of copies of it So nobody dealing now. Okay, folks on hypernova your last chance to make a comeback starlight rears if you're if you're even behind I don't even know man to core of smashing chaos phantasm giski necromir bio insect armor numeron creation giant ballgame diabolantis the menacing mantis and This is your ball drink. That's just a comment to the next one and Arktos the 12th. All right, Arktos the 12th. No craziness there.  Let me know in the comments if you pick ghost rares start getting hyped because it's your last chance one two three There could be a go shirt an ultimate rare in here. Let's go the Alpa Caribo Caribou there we are not Caribo overlay booster mystic Marco Carpa seed interplanetary purpley thorny beast Snapdragon isn't the next card. It's kind of early in these gorgon and golem. It might be the very next one and Wait, no, maybe it is after the rare. Okay ranked down magic numeron fall could be after this and Gila gila Lancer Okay Antiqua magic ending there if you guys enjoyed the video make sure to subscribe the channel for more epic content like this Shout out the tone foe show Dax or JT chill puppets of doom or nestle d and a dizzy hop is choice three through three My cycle James Jants TCG trust the cards America doitzer supreme stage 21 and then the Thai show Ian Musa junior barding mimic echo and Thomas McClain. Thank you guys for supporting the channel. I'll see you guys in the next one peace


My Facebook Marketplace account was suspended and I was able to get it reinstated just the other day and that is exactly what I'm going to teach you guys in this video. After all of the trial and error, I was finally able to get it up and online again. It's selling, I'm making my profits again. Stay tuned for this video. It's going to be a very important one. Quick intro and let's begin. What's up everybody. Hope you're all having a wonderful day today. My name is Liran from AutoDS. I'm the content manager and I've also been dropshipping for the last several years and this video I'm going to talk to you guys about the Facebook Marketplace account, how to get it back online after being suspended, after getting your account locked. It just happened to me on my account and my VA was able to get the account reinstated after following all of the steps that I'm going to talk about in this video. One second before we get started, quick reminder, if you're new to our YouTube channel, this is the part where you need to subscribe to always stay updated on all of the latest and all of the hottest topics that are coming out in the dropshipping world, including product finding, suppliers, marketplaces, tips and tricks, strategies and ways to get out of suspensions and account locks like this video. So hit that subscribe button, enable those notifications and let's begin. So as I've mentioned, I was able to get my Facebook Marketplace account reinstated. These are all of the steps that I took, everything that I went through, all of the trial and error, until I finally was able to get my account reinstated. So one bright morning, I wake up to the many sales that I'm used to having. And by the way, I will show you guys a live case study of my Facebook Marketplace account, all of the items that I'm selling and how much I'm profiting from them and all of that, but that is all coming up.  So one bright morning I wake up, I got this error message that you can see over here. You can't buy or sell on Facebook. That is because you didn't follow our community standards. I don't know what they are. I know about Facebook's commerce policies. I think everything was okay on my side. If you still think we've made a mistake, you can request another review to restore your ability to buy and sell on Facebook. Then you get a link to click, which says request review. So after clicking on this link, I wasn't able to write any text. I wasn't able to add any photos or any documentation to prove to them that I am who I say I am and I am doing the right kind of work here.  So that is the first thing that I did. I click on that request review button and I waited. The next step after that is I opened a ticket with support. So I clicked on the Facebook help and contact on the top right and I went to their support section. I tried to open a ticket, didn't really get an answer there. After that I sent an email to many Facebook departments hoping that one of them will get back to me and tell me why my account was suspended and what I can do to reinstate it. The list of the departments and the email addresses that I sent an email to only two of them got back to me and they both told me the same thing. You didn't reach the right department, please forward this email to the relevant department. The next thing that I tried is writing on Facebook's official business page. So I created a post on their page, told them about my issue, didn't really get an answer there. Next thing that I tried is deleting all of my listings on my Facebook marketplace and also updating tracking information. I am pretty sure that this did have a positive effect on my appeal. I will get to that later but what I do want to tell you guys is when your Facebook marketplace account is locked or suspended you cannot log into the marketplace and update tracking numbers and also delete your listings because you don't have access to it. But there is a neat little trick where you can access your Facebook marketplace account even though it's locked or suspended. I will leave a link to that video right at the end of this video so stay tuned for that. And when you do that, when you'll use that trick, you'll be able to log into your Facebook marketplace account, update tracking numbers on all orders that didn't get tracking numbers yet and delete listings that weren't sold because you won't be able to delete the listings that were sold. Do delete the listings that weren't sold and then you can go ahead and try to make the appeal again. I'm going to get to that in a minute. The next thing I did was I registered my Facebook account as a business account. Then I tried contacting them by chat on the Facebook business account because you cannot get Facebook on chat on a regular Facebook account. So I tried that method too. So after trying all of these methods, I finally got an answer from Facebook when I clicked on that request review link that I showed you in the beginning of this video. That's how everything started. So they got back to me regarding that appeal and they told me that they declined my request to appeal for the account. So I was pretty sad when I saw that and even after trying all of the attempts that I just talked to you guys about. But the good news about that is a few hours later, tried logging into my Facebook Marketplace account again and I saw that same link again. So after they declined my request, the link showed up again where I can request a review again. This time when I clicked on it, it didn't simply send my account details to Facebook, it actually let me write an appeal. So something happened here out of all of those methods that I tried, something worked and it triggered Facebook to let me make the appeal on my account again. So when I got the link, it was the same link in the same location when you try to access the Facebook Marketplace. And once again, this time when I clicked on the review request link, I was able to make an appeal and this is exactly what my VA did in that appeal session. Let me show you guys the video I asked to record the screen because I did want to document this and it is a good idea that we did. So here we are logging into the Facebook Marketplace. Then we get that you can buy or sell on Facebook request review, click on the link and this time it did let me make a real appeal. So Marketplace appeals, please fill out all of the fields. So first we're going to start with the name, copy the name, paste it exactly as it is. Last name in the last name field, middle name in the middle name field. And then what is your issue? So I'm going to fast forward the typing. I'm going to get to the end of it. Okay. So the message went like this. I started to use the Facebook Marketplace as a new opportunity to sell online. After the first sales, my Marketplace account got disabled. I can't access my Marketplace account anymore and I can just have an option to appeal. I didn't break any rules and I always made honest trades. If anything was done wrong on my side, I simply was not aware about it. I deleted all my listings from the Marketplace and I'm reading all of the rules and policies presented on the Facebook Marketplace so that nothing will go wrong in the future. Since we store my access to the Marketplace, I really believe in it. Best regards, first name, last name. Now what happened here was 18 minutes on the clock. What happened after clicking that send button? I get a notification from Facebook. Again, I counted the time. It was 18 minutes after clicking that submit button. I got this notification. Your access to the Marketplace has been restored. And here's the actual reply. Thank you for contacting Facebook. I'm sorry about the problem you had using the Marketplace. I've reviewed your account and I'm happy to let you know that you can use Marketplace on Facebook again. You may need to refresh your app or browser, close it, reopen it to see the Marketplace. Please let us know right away if you have any other issues accessing the Marketplace. If you have any questions and comments, so boom, there it is. There you have it. The account was reinstated using all of the steps that I told you. So let's take a quick glance at the reinstated Facebook account. So here is that Facebook account on the left side. I'm going to click on Marketplace. And as you can see, the account is open and active. On the left side, I'm going to click on your account. And here's my Facebook Marketplace account. Once again, reinstated works again. Here are my active listings. As of now, I need to start adding more and more again. It's finally that time and I'm so happy that we got to this. And here on the left side, I'm going to click on your sales so you can see that this account is working and selling. So here we go. We got a pending balance of $739. Bank transfers are currently on hold because I passed $599 in sales and I need to add tax information. This is something that I mentioned on the full guide of how to drop ship on the Facebook Marketplace. So you need to provide SSN verification and so forth. It's no problem for any US citizen. And once again, I want to remind you guys, drop shipping on the Facebook Marketplace is really easy and really, really profitable. Now, if you ask me the question, which one of those methods that you tried worked, at this point, I do not know to tell you which one of them worked. But after trying those methods, that is exactly what happened on my account. I will keep testing this and I will keep trying different things to see what works better and what doesn't. But once again, those are the exact steps that I took until I got this message. And right now my Facebook Marketplace account is open again. I've already started selling and everything is back to normal. So for those of you who thought it wasn't possible, you can definitely be sure that it is. And the Facebook Marketplace drop shipping, I mean, if you guys haven't done it yet, I strongly recommend that you do. It is very easy to sell there and make a high profit margin and even add semi-automation settings for price monitoring, stock monitoring, and so forth. So thank you for watching.  More information coming up on everything that has to do with the Facebook Marketplace drop shipping. We got great features that our developers are already working on. So stay tuned guys, subscribe to our YouTube channel if you haven't done so yet, enable those notifications. Thank you for watching and see you in the future videos.


The anima is the archetype of life and it is, when the anima is negative, it is the impulse to dream about life and to make wishful fantasies about life instead of living life.  The blood is the emotional active psyche in us, the affect psyche. And such people have no activity left or no life activity left. They just sink into a passive wishful dream. The dream tries to tell me it's a ghost which is haunting me because actually it's haunted, not by reality, it's haunted by a fantasy which is draining his whole psychic energy.  How would you interpret that? That is really the characteristic of most negative or split-off complexes. If we reject or split-off some complex of our psyche then it begins to sap our energy secretly behind our back so to speak. And then it turns slowly into what is aptly represented by the image of the vampire, something which attacks us in the night and sucks all our blood. People feel they don't know, they come into analysis and they say, I feel listless, I just feel tired, I just don't want to do anything. I wake up already in the morning depressed, nothing means anything to me anymore.  And then you generally find that this vampire is just a split-off complex which has been split-off so radically and so powerfully that it can only sap energy anymore, it cannot manifest in any other way anymore. Why are the movies about death goddesses and vampires so popular? I think all movies which touch essential psychological facts, the movies nowadays more or less replace the fairy tale telling and the myth telling. It's our modern form of myth and fairy tales and therefore movies which tell about the inner world like fairy tales are much more attractive to the public because we really need myths to have an orientation or to have mapping out the dream world or the unconscious. And in past time there were the innumerable myths of vampires which fascinated people. Tales retold all over the world, in China for instance you have a whole host of ghost stories where a man meets a fox and then the fox turns up, is really the ghost of a dead and turns up as a beautifully made-up girl and he has a marvelous life with her till one day he discovers that she is an evil demon, she is a skeleton and then sometimes he dents a badge, he pulls him into death or he can with the help of priests and magicians free himself from the demon. And we for instance in the Swiss Alps we have stories that our cowherds high up in the mountain who have to live there the whole summer alone without having women. Every night the doggily comes, that is a female ghost comes through the door invisibly and rides them all the night so that they have sexual pollutions and in the morning they wake up completely exhausted and can't practically move anymore.  If the man's feelings are locked in to the mother complex, if his life is being sucked away by the vampire, then how can he transform those feelings? How can he get free of the mother complex? I once met the dream of a young man who was living still with mama, he was 29 and had never had a girl in his room and so we seriously discussed the possibility of getting a room outside his mother's home and he was terrified. He was a very sensitive, delicate boy and his mother was a very brutal, strong personality and he was just terrified of the moment to tell mother, look here I am going to take a room outside and I'm not going to live with you anymore. And when he was kind of trying to make up his mind he dreamt that he had to slay the dragon.  It was overcoming a monstrous neurotic difficulty within himself.  His mother had sold in him an anxiousness of fear of life. He had to overcome a terrific fear of life to make that step.


Ladies and gentlemen, so I'm like back with another video today. We're at untamed strength the home of Alan Thrall How's he do it? Lower body day Trying to take this weightlifting thing a little bit more serious I actually was just upstairs not to get my guru wrong But we have a rooftop patio here, and I was up there with my coffee. I grabbed a little protein bar And I was thinking to myself Man like I try new things. I do new things. I Step outside my comfort zone I do all this stuff that you know the world your parents your business Mentor your lifting mentor all these you know successful people tell you to do to grow To thrive to get to know yourself. I've done that for the last whatever 15 years since I've become You know set myself aware as a young adult I've tried to push myself to do different things to start new businesses to fail Businesses to leave jobs to to go against the grain to not go to college to do my own path all these things But recently with the weightlifting and other things in life I've really contemplated more that it's it's more about actually like doing something and sticking with something that you suck at Luckily for me. I you know, I'm okay at business. I am okay at building content. I'm okay at powerlifting I'm okay at coaching. I've put in not only put in the years for those things But some of those I don't want to say came easy to me but came easier to me And in the current shape in state of my elderly body, you know I've played basketball 15 years competitive basically year-round power lifted now Pretty hard for about 10 years my body's pretty beat up And so to the demands of Olympic weightlifting at this point are very tough for me if I started earlier what I've been more Adapt to what I've been a little bit better at Progressing in it probably I would have been less stiff.  One it is arguably the hardest discipline of strength training and I think that's you know pretty tough Argument for anyone to go against you know the the speed the strength the positioning the timing plus the mobility it takes You know younger Mike I know it's not like the old guy. I'm only 30, but I just my body's been through it But younger Mike had definitely the speed the timing the rhythm Older Mike has like the strength Neither Mike's had the mobility and so it's it would have been difficult for me Anyways pointing it would I would have been a little bit better off if I would have started younger Obviously, I think everyone can say that with Olympic weightlifting But at this point I I truly suck at it like it's hard for anybody to get better at it But I really suck at it And that's been like that weighs on my head considering it's something I do and look forward to five times a week Something I want to you know share the journey with you guys is it's not always fun to suck But I think it really does teach you a lot about yourself if you're willing to put in the time Put in the sacrifice of a little bit of pain a little bit of humbleness or a big old piece of humble pie And truly chip away at something that May not go anywhere for me like Not going to the Olympics may never even compete in it Might never clean a Jericho or snatch something even semi impressive They literally could go the road could lead to nowhere And still I'm putting in some of this discipline and sacrifice and energy towards getting better at it Because one I do enjoy it two. I have a really good group of guys around me And three again I think it just is teaching me a lot about myself when I want to quit when I don't want to quit questioning walking that line So whatever that is take it with take with what you guys want, but sucking at this has been A blessing in disguise and am I getting better? Sure sure But you know when you first start powerlifting and you're deadlifting you're squatting you're benching multiple times a week And you're adding five pounds to the bar Six months from there you have some traps you didn't have A year from there you're deadlifting a hundred pounds more than you were I don't see that progress in the state that I'm in and so it's really difficult to be like super gung-ho about it Although I am learning lessons that are maybe less visible So untamed strength Basically started that rant because uh squatting again three four five times a week Trying to clean Two to four and snatch two to four depending on what ben has for me Cleans this day were from the hang. I think I ended up with 110 or so kilos Uh, and actually I was rewatching the video watching it right now in my secret cheat sheet here. We're like, uh NBC news I can see they're just feeding it to me, but uh, I actually moving kind of good You know, I'm not moving super snappy super fast, but I'm starting to find a rhythm on there I'm starting to be fun.  I promise you boys I'm gonna get a little bit leaner ben is always a smash in freaking weights And so it's really fun to see him kind of get life back into his competition legs again Super competitive guy. He's again similar state to me has been doing it for so long Sometimes it's hard to find that fire day in and day out You just get the work in day in day out and kind of save that fire But firstly see him a little bit more motivated has been a lot a lot of fun Squats hit up something pretty heavy pause. I think 485 or so Again, I'm squatting four times a week and the basics of squats when you start to handle higher frequencies Depending on the goal is you want to add some variation Multiple reasons one so you don't get stagnant in your progressions You can't just squat three sets of five at a late intermediate stage all day every day and expect to progress You need to throw in in a sense a curve ball or muscle confusion even though you're not confusing shit It's basically just different stimuluses and ways to overload. So I'm doing pause beltless once a week Beltless reps once a week pause pause with the belt so I can go a little bit heavier But still not get that rebound and then I've been doing heavy single doubles triples with a belt once a week And that's going to switch up here because I just been Jamming away on on on intensity and adding five five pounds 10 kilos a week So now we're going to start to get a little bit more volume in so look forward to that Hopefully you guys enjoyed some of the training. Hope you enjoyed some of that ranting It's just things that popped in my head as as my life goes on I share this journey and share kind of uh, you know unpeel the onion layer and try to share with you guys So I'm sure to give this thing a thumbs up comment below what you guys want to see in the next video Tons of raw training footage on the way silent mic. I appreciate you. I'm out


All right, welcome to the February 5th, 2024, and on Craig's working group meeting status update on where we are with W3C format update and issues going along with that. I saw PR from Timo this morning that we can touch on. Then I want to query Mike on Allisaur revocation, particularly perhaps verifiable encryption and other ZKP capabilities. Allisaur is the main one I'm really interested in talking about today. I think we're actually based on the work being done. I'm actually very close to wanting to put together a first cut of the Anarchvitev specification. So that becomes a possibility out of this. Let's see, a reminder, this is a Linux Foundation, Hyperledger Foundation meeting. So the Linux Foundation anti-trust policy is in effect as is the Hyperledger Code of Conduct. Please be good to one another. Meeting agendas, it's actually not listed on the page, but I should put that in. But if you want to add your name to the attendees list, any other topics to go over today on this call? Stephen, at the bottom of the open discussion section, I left links to two workshops that are coming out of Hyperledger in the next few months. This Thursday, we've got decentralized identity and interoperability connecting Prado with Hyperledger Bezu, Cardano, checked Hyperledger and Oncreds and OpenID Connect for VCs. And then April 24th, there's a zero knowledge proofs. Zero knowledge proofs in ZK programming and blockchain application development. And you have to actually save the Wiki page for you to be able to see it. So now it's, sorry about that. If you hit save, I'll hit save and I can see it. Do it, you got it. All right. You know, and those are the links to the registration. Sorry, everybody. There they are. Who's doing this one, Sean, the ZKP one? That would be Daniel's, I'm gonna, Daniel Zego and hang on. Andras Zaborsi. So Daniel, he's been a community contributor for a while. He and Andras have put this together and it's happening in late April. Okay, sounds good. We need to get some on the list. So I'll be thinking about that. Got some other discussions going on on that. Over to folks working on the W3C format status updates. Any updates you wanna report? Let us know or any topics you wanna go over. I was thinking maybe Martin can do a short demo of the implementation in AFJ. Yes. So Kanashayama's coming. Yes, you may. I think it should just work. I hope. Let me know if not. I also need to update my preferences. That's probably, if you're on a map, you'll probably have to leave and come back. So that'll be okay. We'll wait for you. I'll come back. Yeah. See you in a moment. This is what we're trying to do with SSI also, right? Giving user control over how your data is used. Well played. Welcome back. Thanks. So let's try again. Excellent. Can you see my screen? Mm-hmm. Yes. So in AFJ or in right now, we are mostly finished with the changes.  We can now issue credentials with the new data integrity format and also request proofs via the presentation exchange and convey the credentials in the W3C format, right? I have a branch on my GitHub where I have created a demo. So where we have two agents, Feather and Dallas, kind of like the old demo if anyone knows it, which is how we can issue a credential from an agent called Feather to Alice and then send a proof request from Feather to Alice and get a response. So we could also use that for interrupt testing because you asked last time. Yeah, I can also quickly show you and killed how that looks. Can you see this code? Yeah. Yeah, mm-hmm. Yeah. Yeah, just very simple. Feather, which is the issuer and site imports a few static dates. I used checked now because it was simpler to do the implement. So we imported it and we registered schema credential definition, create a connection with Alice or with another agent. It's not important that it's the same or that it's credible. And this is how we can offer a credential in credo now. So we just specify the connection ID. We say that we wanna use the new data integrity format binding required. We now want binding and reusing the island credits link secret binding method. And we also pass in the credential or the W3C credential here. It's not a very final credential yet, just the W3C credential. Yeah, the claims master line with the, which what is contained in the schema, obviously, but that's it. Then for Feather, we just wait until we receive our request and then accept it. Let's just continue for the Feather site here. This is how we request a proof. Also very simple, which is the state is the agent that proofs that request proof. And we say we wanna do it using a different presentation exchange. And all we need to do is provide the presentation definition. This should be exactly the presentation definition which we used in the test vectors repo. So it should be, I think that's pretty nice. We want the data integrity protected VC in return with Nanocred's 2023 signature. I could remove this passenger dealer. Then the Feather just accept the presentation. Let's just see also quickly look at the other site where if we receive or Alice receives a credential offer, we just say that we wanna accept, we provide the link secret ID with which we want the bind the credential to. When we receive the credential, we just accept and process it. For the proof request, essentially for Alice, exactly the same. Yeah, we select the credentials for the request automatically. Then we just accept the proof request once we receive it. Yeah, I can also quickly run it here. So let's see. Can you read this or is it a small in the terminal? Yeah, perfect. Good. So for Feather, for example here, we can just create a connection invitation. Alice receives the connection invitation. And then we can offer credential here from Feather to Alice, which we've already checked from now. Nice. Which registers the schema credential definition. That always takes a little bit. Yeah, nice. So the credential offer is sent. We also see that here credential offer received. We want to accept it now. Yeah, again, the first accept it and that's it. So yeah, the messages are not so nice. So I'll refer that. Did you receive the credentials? It's processed. We can also request a proof. It's the same there. The proof request is received here when we want to accept it. Yeah, and here at the Feather site, we see that the presentation was accepted. Nice. I can also quickly show this is how the presentation submission and the presentation itself looks like. So for the submission, we just have, let me make this a bit bigger, we just have a random ID here than the presentation definition ID. The descriptor ID for the age verification, which we called it, which says that we have a data integrity verifiable presentations at this path here in the presentation, verifiable credential zero. Yeah. So here if you look at the presentation, which Faber or the Faber received there, then we can see that there is one credential. So essentially it's pointing to this here, this is, and you can see that it's like this. It's high descriptors, it's out of print strength, but you're free. It's data integrity protect. Excellent. So that was all from my side, unless there are some questions. I love that line. That's all from my side. That's a whole lot, Martin. That is awesome. Excellent. All right, any questions for anyone? Yeah, indeed. Very cool. Okay. The folks from the Acupy team are meeting after and I'll make sure they're aware of this. I might even extract out the video of this and have it as a separate part, so we can just demo that and it can be shared more broadly, just that one section. Excellent work, fantastic. Okay, that is that side of it. Any other questions, comments on that? And then we'll move on to Mike talking to you about revocation. You ready? For me to talk about it? Yeah. Yes, so I've got questions. So I'm gonna do a question and answer on this. Anyone can jump in at any time, but I'm hoping to sort of facilitate a conversation and understand it. So Alasaur, for those not aware, is a very high, a scalable revocation scheme in zero knowledge, so has the same attributes as the existing and non-crit revocation in that an issue or can issue a revocable credential a holder would receive the credential and when asked for a presentation would be able to prove without sharing a linkable identifier that their credential is not revoked such that the verifier would believe that. In this, in the current work, the way it's done is the issuer publishes the state of the revocation registry which is a combination of an accumulator value and then the status of all of the credentials as being either revoked or not revoked onto a ledger or into some public place such that the issuer or the holder can retrieve that, do a calculation based on the state, present that to the verifier and the verifier needs the accumulator to be able to verify the presentation, the non-revoked presentation proof. Allisaur changes that in that rather than publishing the issuer might publish the accumulator, but other than that uses what's called a revocation manager and I'm gonna get corrections and so on over this, but let me just give my quick overview. A revocation manager that works in based on knowledge and information from the issuer is able to receive a request from a holder to update information they hold such that they can produce the proof that corresponds with an accumulator. They, the holder constructs the proof sends it to the verifier, the verifier retrieves the accumulator and verifies the proof. The revocation manager can be a single instance of a revocation manager, in other words, that all holders contact a revocation manager or more interestingly, there can be multiple revocation managers and the holder can shard their key, split their key, the information they provide to the revocation manager send it to a bunch of different ones, collect the results and then assemble the information necessary to create their proof. So that's the overall scheme. So a similar scheme and similar interactions and from what I understand, but we'll find out more similar data to what's done with the existing revocation scheme, but in a much more scalable way in that, there's no tails file to be shared or anything like that. The revocation manager holds a bunch of information and is able to do what it needs to do in interacting with the holder so that the only data that's actually passed back and forth between the participants, between the issuer and the holder, the revocation manager and the holder, the holder and the verifier are quite small pieces of data on the order of kilobytes and there's no need to pass big massive files around at least amongst other than the issuer and revocation manager, but that's what I wanna explore as part of this is what is the data that is passed around, not necessarily from a precise cryptographic definition, but more attributes of that data, like is it a linkable identifier? How does it relate? How do the pieces of data relate to one another? And that's what I wanna ask Mike about. So that's the goal of this session. So we start with what do the issuer and rev, what's the relationship between the issuer and revocation manager and what data do they share or how does the issuer keep the revocation manager up to date? Okay, so let's define what all the data bits are and that'll help with answering that question. Okay. So the bits and pieces of Allosaur are, you've got the accumulator that is basically a fixed size digest that represents the entire set. So I don't know what you wanna call that. Yeah, that's fine. And sorry, I might say fine. I'm having, feel like I'm having more conversation with Mike and documenting, but anyone jump in at any time and raise your hand or just come off mute and ask questions. So accumulator just is a single value that takes into account all of the data from all of the credentials that have been issued. Correct. Yes, that is public, right? That has to be public. Otherwise no one could make a proof. Yeah. But the cool thing is it doesn't matter how big the size of the set is, this value never changes in size. It's like, if you had shot 256, doesn't matter what the pre-image was, whether it's a gigabyte image or if it was just like your zip code, the five digits, the output is the same size. So then there are the elements of the set. Okay? Yeah. Now, this is where I'm trying to not blur the line between the cryptographic value that's added into the accumulator and something else. So in reality, you could make these whatever you want. So if you look in the non-creds V2 Rust code, I just made these UUIDs that get hashed. So it's no different than a hashed schema element or claim element. But you don't even have to do that. You could just say it's just a random 32 byte value. Okay. If you want. And this is shared. No. And this is what the holder gets so they know which credential is theirs. Yes. So here's the thing. The issuer needs to track every one of these, right? This is like equivalent to what goes in the tails file kind of thing, right? Yeah. But only the issuer needs to know this. And whenever a credential is signed, obviously only one of those values is given to the holder. That in a non-creds V2 Rust is what I call just their revocation claim. Okay. This is what gets revoked, essentially. Yes. That is when you revoke, that is removed from the accumulator. So technically the zero knowledge proof is a membership proof that your value is in it. Yeah. Got it. So that's different from the way we have it today, which is that the holder gets the index of their credential, one through a thousand or one through 10,000. And today the index points to the item, the element similar to this thing in the tails file. In this case, they actually get the element and the issuer is tracking the, whether that element is included or not in the accumulator. Correct. Okay, good. Okay. Yeah. Third value. And again, we haven't defined what the terminology should be. Yeah. Is, well, at least in non-creds, when we call it the witness. Yeah. I'm trying to, for V2, I tried calling it the revocation handle. You could also think of it as a revocation signature. But either way, this is another piece that is known only to the holder, but it's created by the issuer and handed over. Now, without knowing the element of the set and this witness, the holder cannot create a valid zero knowledge proof. They have to have both to create the private proof that says I am part of the set. Okay. So. Hang on one sec. Oh, you're fine. Needed with the element. Yep. To produce the holder's NRP, non-revocation proof. Yeah, that's fine. Okay, good. Okay. So those are the three bits of data that are associated with Allosaur. Okay. Oh, wait, wait, wait, one more. The fourth piece is the signing or the secret key associated with managing the accumulator and then obviously a public key, an associated public key. Okay. These are known only, well, at least the private key is known only by the accumulator manager or issuer, if they're one and the same. The public key is also published with the accumulator, but obviously it's probably never going to change. But in order for anyone to verify an NRP, they have to have that public key and the accumulator. They have to have knowledge of that. Those are the two public pieces that have to be known by anyone who wants to verify. Okay. So now that we have- And one more thing. Mm-hmm. Must have the, whoops, and the public key. Sorry. Just to confirm, when a holder makes a, creates an NRP, they use a particular accumulator so the verifier must know the same accumulator. Correct. Okay. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So not, well, and then that's where I'm going next is, now that you know what the four pieces of data are, there's the keys, the accumulator, the witness and the elements. Now, who knows what? Now we've kind of covered that, right? Obviously the keys and- Well, now we've got this. Okay. So now we talk about this revocation manager. Yeah. You want to separate- Because that's a new, that's a new concept to those of us in the non-creds world. So talk a bit about the issuer, revocation manager relationship. They could be one in the same. Yeah. But they don't have to be. So if you had like a third party, well, and here's probably why we separated out. Alasor allows thresholdizing the secret key to do the updates. So that was one of the main innovations of the paper is to be able to manage the accumulator in an MPC threshold way. So if the accumulator manager is different than the issuer, then that means the private key or secret key could possibly be split among a distributed network, like a DLT, right? Or a blockchain or however you want to do it. And then when the issuer says, I need you to revoke this, they would have to obviously maybe go through some access control policies to make sure they could do that. And then the revocation manager would publish the updates once that, if they determined the issuer was authorized to do that. But if they're one in the same, then in either case, the only time the accumulator has to change is when elements are removed. So before with most accumulators, anytime you added or removed values, you had to update the accumulator. With Alasor, you have to update on removals. So you cut down on half of the work, which is great. So that's the relationship between the issuer and the accumulator manager. The issuer just basically says, I need you to remove the following values and proves that they are authorized to do so. Then the revocation manager removes those values from the accumulator and then returns the new updated value, the new accumulator digest, whatever you want to call it. That's it. Hold on. Elements that are removed and the new accumulator. Is that right? Or do they just calculate their own new accumulator? Well, the revocation manager would calculate the new accumulator value. Okay. If they're separate, yeah. Yeah. Whatever holds the revocation keys has to do the update. So if the issuer does not have those, the revocation manager does. If they're one in the same. Requires some part of the private key to be able to do this. Yes, you have to have the private key to do any removals. And now, do the revocation managers keep hold of all the elements or do they just hold on to the accumulator after they process them? Sorry, say that again. Do the revocation managers have to remember all the elements that are removed or do they? Someone does. Okay. So obviously the issuer does. Well, no, the issuer would. Okay, so yes, they do. Yeah, the issuer does. Now, when they want to create a new credential, for example, the issuer. Well, hold on, let's go to issuer setup. So what has to happen? So we know the relationship between these two now and what they're gonna do. So let's go to issuer setup. Well, so hang on, there's one more thing. When the issuer wants to create a new credential, they have to talk to the revocation manager and say, I need a witness for this element, right? Because whoever has the key can create witnesses. This is usually why it, I mean, if the revocation manager was like, obviously malicious, he could just create it for whoever, whatever. But, assuming he's honest, the issuer is storing the elements and the revocation manager doesn't have to remember those. Okay. But the issuer says, I need you to create a witness for this element and give it back to me. So then the revocation manager, obviously, he's authorized as the issuer says, yep, okay, here you go and gives him a witness, which is then forwarded to the holder. Okay. So now for issuer setup in terms of revocation, they just have to decide what the elements look like. Do they want to do what I was doing, which is just generate a UUID that gets hashed or maybe it's some random string gets hashed, it doesn't matter, or they just gonna take a raw value and use that. It doesn't really matter. That's really the only setup that they have. They have to determine where the accumulator gets published along with the verifying key. So maybe the revocation manager has no say in where those go, the issuer does. Obviously, if they're one and the same, it doesn't matter. But the accumulator value has to go somewhere. Maybe the issuer just holds onto it in the public key, but anybody who wants to verify has to have access to those values. Otherwise they can't verify anything similar to the credentialed public key. You gotta have that too. Yeah. And presumably they have to tell the revocation manager, hey, we've got a new revocation registry, right? Yeah, that's what, yes. So then the issuer says, hey, revocation manager, I need a new registry. And at that point, the revocation manager will create new keys. And the new rev, and the new accumulator value. And return that to the issuer. Okay. Now the interesting thing here is every time we talk about, we contact the issuer or the holder contacts the revocation manager, it could be done as in a sharded way so that you're doing this in a multi-end NPC. Is that right? Correct. Yes. So even on issuer setup, when you say, I want a new revocation, would the issuer create the key and then send it, shard it to each of the revocation managers? I think you're maybe mixing concepts here. Okay. Who controls that private key? I thought the issuer did, but you're saying actually the revocation managers do? Yes. Yes. Okay. Whoever's making the updates to the accumulator hole has to hold the keys. So if you're doing it in the threshold setting, then it's the revocation manager. If it's the issuer, then obviously that's where the key should live. Okay. And they can do that without coordinating with one another. They can do a partial key without coordinating with one another. The revocation manager? No, they'll usually use like a distributed key generation algorithm to do that. That way no one entity or computer holds the whole thing.  Where your phone holds some of the keys, they hold the rest of the shares or there's lit to, it's distributed among the whole network or the issuer and the revocation manager could do it that way. Either in either case, you could do it in a distributed key ceremony so that the key is split among multiple parties. And none of them ever had the whole thing at one time. Yeah. And the issuer would publish the public key? Yeah. So in my mind, if you wanna have like the best architecture you can, you basically say the revocation manager sole purpose is to manage the keys and witness updates. That's all he does. Yeah. Okay. So obviously he has to remember the latest accumulator value, the public key, the, obviously the key, the private key shares are split among multiple parties and that's it, just those three things. And that's all he does. And then the issuer is the one who's remembering all the elements where the accumulator and public verifying here are published, who's revoked, who's added, et cetera. He's basically, in my mind, the issuer should be responsible for all the decision making and business logic, whereas the revocation manager is just all the cryptography for the most part. Okay. But like I said, they could be one and the same if that's the easiest. They don't have to be separated. But this, it allows this obviously to happen. Yeah. Okay. So now we're going to issue a credential. Okay. So the issuer picks an element, could be generated on the fly or maybe has a preset list, doesn't matter. And then the issuer says to the revocation manager, I need a new witness for this value, for this element. So then the revocation manager creates a new witness, like I said, it's similar to like generating a signature, sends it back to the issuer, and then the issuer can then forward that piece of information along with the signed credential to the holder. Credential element and witness. Does, I'm wondering about... They may want to give them the accumulator value as well. Just so that the holder knows, this is what it was, like the version of the accumulator that I can prove against. Okay, put question on that. What about a timestamp to know when it was created? Sure. Is that necessary? It seems to me that would be necessary, not just sure. Well, why would it be necessary? Because that associates the witness and the accumulator together, so that if the verifier has to independently go get the accumulator for the given witness, it knows which version of the accumulator to get, because the accumulator will change over time. Well, that's why I was saying you give the current, you give the accumulator value also to the holder so they know what version they had. Adding a timestamp in my mind is just optional if it makes it easy to say this is when it was done. What about version, no, sorry, version, I mean. Oh, well, the accumulator every time it changes is like a digest, right? It just changes. So yeah, that's what I'm saying. You give that to the holder and they say this is the version I have. So version of the accumulator is needed? Well, it's like a digest, right? So anytime... Sorry, and then I don't understand the term digest. So what does digest mean? Think of like a hash. That's what I thought. Just all I think of it is a hash, but I don't know whether this is the... Well, the thing is you don't need to hash the accumulator because it basically is a hash. It already is. If anything is removed at all, if it ever changes, it basically is a new hash. So that is your version. Okay, fine. I want to add a fine step to it. That's fine too, doesn't matter. But just, this is what I'm trying to understand. If as a holder, I'm going to send a proof, the element and a witness to a verifier and the verifier is going to independently go get the accumulator that's associated that is the correct accumulator of all the accumulators that have been created. It's going to use the right one. How is it going to know which is the right accumulator to ask for? Okay, so now we're talking holder to verifier. Well, we can wait, but eventually we're going to get to that. So, but let's, if you think that we can leave it for now, that this is the only data that goes to the holder are these three things, four things, I mean. Okay, so the holder is going to have, yeah, the sign credential, the element, the witness and the accumulator. Okay, correct. Yep. All right, so issuer has now decided, I'm going to revoke a credential. What does it share? What does it send to the revocation manager? Besides the authorization that, you know, it's allowed to do this, just single element or elements, let's say it's revoking like 10,000 at the time, just says remove all these. And the revocation manager will obviously check, are you authorized? Okay, you are. And then I'll return to you the new accumulator value. Okay. Okay, so now the holder wants to create a presentation. So the holder's been, yeah, holder's got it. Yeah. So the holder doesn't have to do anything just yet. So the verifier is basically going to say, I need to know that your credential is fresh enough, right? Ah, okay. So he might look wherever the issuer has published the values of the accumulator. Maybe it's only the latest, maybe he has every version for the last 30 days, you know, depending on whatever your risk tolerance is, right? Yeah. For how fresh you want these. Yeah. So yeah, then the verifier is going to go, okay, I've got like, maybe I'm going to grab the most recent five or maybe just the recent one, because I know the issuer only updates once every 24 hours and that's good enough for me. So he just grabs wherever that is and the public verifying key and says, I need you to prove that you're not revoked as of this accumulator value. That's part of the presentation request, right? Yeah. And sends that to the holder. Obviously there's- That's what I was missing, got it. So the verifier can basically pick how fresh they want it to be, right? Yeah. It could be as of a week ago, 24 hours ago, seven minutes ago, whatever, you know, it just depends on how often the issuer, you know, wants to make changes. So, okay. Now that the holder has what accumulator version, the verifier wants him to prove against. Yeah. He looks at and goes, is it the same version for which I have one? If it is great, I don't have to do anything. I can just generate a proof, which only needs my witness and my element and obviously my verifiable credential. It was the only three things he needs. And then he can generate the NRP and send and present. If it is not the latest version or he doesn't have one for that version, then the holder needs to contact either the issuer or somehow the data has to get to the revocation manager. However that needs to happen. Yeah. Now, could he have the verifier do it? Yes, we could. Yeah. Could we have the issuer do it? Yes, we could. Or maybe just go directly to the revocation manager. This part is completely up to you, whichever is easiest. But what the holder is going to do is he's going to call the Alasor Update Protocol. It says, I need a new witness. Here was the old accumulator value that I have. Or no, he doesn't even need that. He just says, I need to update to the latest version. So he basically says, I need to go to this version, whatever that version is. Maybe it's not the latest, maybe it's two of them ago, but he says, I need to get my witness to that one. Sends what? What do they send? Ah, so this is the part. So if they want to maintain privacy so that no one knows who is updating, then they will just do a Shamir secret sharing split of their element. Yeah. And send enough of those pieces to the revocation manager. The revocation manager goes, okay, these obviously came from someone who had one, but I can't tell what they are. That's part of the protocol. Yeah, yeah. And I will then, for each share that I receive, I will perform an operation and send it back. So in the distributed network, let's just say for simplicity, the holder is talking directly to the revocation manager. And the revocation manager maybe has five nodes where the key is split among them. The holder can do whatever they want. They can split into as many pieces as they want. Yeah. And send, they have to send at least a threshold of those to the revocation manager. Now, here's the cool part. This can be as creative as you want. So let's say there's five nodes from the revocation manager. And me as a holder, I'm going to say I'm going to split my element into 10 of 20. And I'm going to send four shares to this party, three to this one, five to this one, two to this one. Well, it doesn't matter where they send it. The revocation manager doesn't know if it's the same person or a different person or even for the same element under the hood. So anyway, once enough of those who've been processed, they're just immediately sent back. The revocation, those five nodes, don't even have to talk to each other to do this update. They just go, okay, I'll process your share or shares with my piece of the secret key, send you back a value. And then once the holder has enough returned responses from the revocation manager, he applies some simple math arithmetic with his witness and now he has brought current to that. So now he can prove against that accumulator value. Yeah. Notice the witness never leaves the holder. Yeah. And two, let's say someone was sniffing and watching all of this, then let's just say they just listened and got all the responses back from the revocation manager. Yeah. It doesn't matter because the information they get back since they've never had a valid witness at all, it does nothing for them. Yeah. Yeah. So from that side of things, it's secure. So even if you have a passive adversary that's snooping and watching updates, as long as he never gets the witness value itself, which you'll notice never leaves the holder, he can't do anything with the data that comes back.  Okay. So let's go to the other scenario where, so otherwise the holder sends a witness they have. No, they never send their witness anywhere. Okay. So how else other than splitting it, can they get? No, they don't split the witness, they split the element. No, I know that. Is there any other way to get an update? Well, the other way you could get an update is if you wanted to do the deltas changes between the cumulative accumulator. You could do it that way, but it involves a lot more risk because if there's enough elements published, like let's say you put it, you have a million elements in there and you get enough deltas that are published, then an attacker could extract the private key. Hold on, hold on. So there's not a way that the holder, I thought there was a way that the holder could send their witness and the accumulator associated with that witness and get an update. You never send the witness anywhere. He could send just his element and the accumulator and say, give me a witness for this and give it up to date, but then he's also leaking who he is. Yeah, you can still do that. Yeah, you can still do that. That's still possible. If he doesn't care, if we don't care about anonymity, he just says, here's my element, here's the accumulator value it was for. Well, he doesn't even have to do that. He can just say, give me the latest, give me a latest witness for this element and then it'll come back and he'll get the witness directly as if it was done during issuance. So it's pretty much the same thing if you don't want to do the distributed update and hide who's updating. And in that sense, it's just a call home from the holder to the issuer or revocation merger. I mean, both are essentially a call home, but one reveals who it is, the other one doesn't. So a way to do it this way via the verifier is even if you have a single revocation manager, I could send a split element. Is the, with Shamir's secret is every time you split the element getting the same result or can you do it that you get a different one every time? Well, no, yeah, when you split it, it's randomized so you get different ones every time. Every time you split it, you get randomized ones. Okay, so the way to do this would be even with a single verification manager, even if you did it with a single revocation manager, if you set them five shares, they wouldn't be able to tell who you were. Nope, they don't know which element it's for. They don't know which accumulator, well, they have to know which accumulator it's for, but otherwise that's all they would know is I got some random data. I'm supposed to process to update it for this accumulator. Okay, obviously you should do some authorization checks, of course, but even if it was a malicious attacker that somehow got knowledge of the element, as long as he doesn't have the witness, his result will not mean anything. Yeah, yeah, so regardless of whether you actually, whether you have multiple revocation managers, because you can send the shares to a single, multiple shares to a single revocation manager, they just do four calculations or whatever and send you back four results and you're good. Yep, yeah, so if you had four of seven, right? Yeah, send four, you could send five and say I'm just gonna ignore the first two as a distraction and then get the rest, you know. And just to be clear that every time you split your element with using a Shamir secret algorithm, you're gonna get a different set of values. That's correct. Okay, so even if you are using a single service for doing this, they're still not gonna be able to get a correlatable identifier. That's right. Okay, okay, that's cool. Okay, that's the magic that I was missing in doing this. Okay, so hold or to verify there's an NRP and a NRP and that is generated using the elements and witness. And then the verifier and the revocation manager, the verifier has already retrieved the accumulator. And then it's possible that the verifier could also send the accumulator along. Sure. Well, he's gonna have to have knowledge of it either way. Cause right now you did it this way, which is, okay, here's the accumulator, but it could be done the other way where the verifier just confirms that there is an accumulator with the value given by the holder. Yeah, you could do that too. Yeah. Yeah, like the holder might say, here's the version I know of. Is that fresh enough for you? And the verifier, depending on the risk tolerance will say yes or no. Yeah, yeah. All right, that was awesome. We're just about out of time, but that was hugely helpful for me. Hopefully it was interesting to others and a value, but that explains the Allisaur revocation scheme, which is pretty important in what we're doing. Pretty important element of it, if you will, since we're over using the word element. If you want to, I hate saying member, so we can come up with other names for that. No, that's fine, that's fine. That works. I now totally get the data flow on how it can be done and the importance of Shemir's secret. Cause one of the things that I've been thinking about is, wow, it's really hard to organize a bunch of revocation managers that don't know about each other, but it's the use of Shemir's secret is to enable, even if you're sending it to a single party to split the element so that the element is never known, and that's the crucial part. That's the non-linkability, unlinkability. Yeah, that's the unlinkability when they call home. Yeah, yeah. So even if they call home, it's unlinkable. That's awesome. Yep, unlinkability and call home, unlinkability during presentation. So there's no way to link them, at least through revocation mechanisms. Now, one other thing to mention to folks, one of the concerns here is if you do call home with it, the holder's doing it. One of the things we've talked about, and it came out about sort of accidentally, but is a completely valid thing, which is the holder could send to the verifier, here's my split of my element, go get the witness for me. Again, the verifier can't correlate the element. The revocation manager can't correlate the element, and the call home, the revocation manager, doesn't know which holder is involved. It just knows the verifier is doing a presentation request. So it learns when a presentation request is done by a verifier, but that's about it. And it only knows the verifier by the IP address. So even that's of potentially marginal value. So again, super interesting way of doing it without any sort of call home. Yeah, I mean, essentially the revocation manager doesn't know who's calling him. He just knows end update is being requested, that's it. Yeah. It doesn't matter if it's through the verifier, the issuer, the holder, could be anyone. Heck, you could have a detour network to it. It doesn't matter. Yeah, yeah. Excellent. All right, folks. That's all we've got for today. That was really good. Appreciate your time, and we'll talk to you again soon. Thanks, everybody.


0. Accounting Software. Vendor Expense or Payment Cycle.  Support Accounting Instruction by clicking the link below giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website broken out by category further broken out by course. Each course then organized in a logical, reasonable fashion making it much more easy to find what you need then can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as Excel practice problems, PDF files and more like QuickBooks backup files when applicable. So once again click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it. Here we are in our personal zero home page. We set up in a prior presentation going to zoom in a bit by holding control down scrolling up on the mouse wheel. I'm currently at 175% zoom in opening up the demo file. We're going to go into the demo file which already has information in it. It already has constructed therefore the end result of the balance sheet and income statement and related reports. I want to open those up. I typically open those reports up every time going to right click on the tab up top to do so and duplicate it then I'm going to go to the second tab right click it again duplicate it again. Let's go back to the first tab open up the reports in the accounting drop down the reports. We want to be looking at the balance sheet and then the next one on the income statement. Let's open the next tab accounting drop down and this time the reports but we want the income statement. Those are the major two financial statement reports. This one is showing for the year of 2022. I think that's what we want. So let's go back to the balance sheet and this one's for 2021. Let's bring it up to 2022. So year in 2022 I'll update it. So everything we do we're thinking about the construction of the end result being the financial statements balance sheet and the income statement. Let's go back to the first tab now. This is the layout. I'll be opening up pretty much every time meaning I do the actual work for me on the first tab and then I've got the other two tabs open with the end results so I can see the impact on it balance sheet and income statement. Later on we might simplify that which is one tab of the trial balance but we'll talk about that more later. Now this time we're going to be looking at cycle by cycle. So if I hit the drop down up top this gives us or the plus button. It gives us the major forms that we enter into the system. So typically if we think about these types of forms it's useful not just to think about the date or like the timing and just the date of when things happened but the date in alignment or in the inner circle of a particular cycle. So to consider the cycle first I want to just take a look at a flow chart so I'm going to jump out of here for a second and go to a flow chart. This flow chart is actually QuickBooks desktop but the flow of the reports is basically the same. So I just want to get an idea to visualize the arrows because once you have that in your mind then you could just go to the proper reports and it'll be easier to navigate. So normally if you're working in a larger company you'll probably be working in just one of these areas the vendor cycle or payment cycle or expense cycle or the revenue cycle customer cycle sale cycle or possibly the employee cycle the payroll cycle. We're first going to consider the vendor cycle up top and consider what might happen in a particular business in terms of the general activity the flow of activity. Now if you're on the easiest kind of vendor cycle then you might just be paying things as they come up just decreasing the checking account paying for the bills like the utility bills and so on and you might be using just what this would be called like a check form or a decrease to the checking account type of data input form which might be a physical check but more and more these days it might be an electronic kind of transfer and you might record it with the use of the bank feeds waiting till the bank fleets clear the bank and then adding the information necessary to record that decrease to the checking account transaction. We'll talk more about bank feeds in the future but just note that that's basically kind of like a check form without a check number that's in essence going to clear the bank a lot quicker due to it being electronic. If we actually write physical checks then we typically want to write the check first and then we want because we want to track the outstanding checks meaning how long does it take for it to clear the bank. Now then we could go to an accrual process in which case we enter bills this usually happens for a little bit larger kind of mid-sized types of businesses that really want to manage a little bit more closely their cash flow and try to pay their bills as late as possible. Note that from a cash management standpoint we would typically like to hold on to our money as much as long as possible and then pay it as late as possible although we want to take advantage of any discounts we can get to pay as little as possible and not annoy our vendors. We want to have good relationships with the vendors. That's not as important if you don't have that many transactions. You might say like does it matter if I pay my credit card bill today when it's due or 15 days the last day that it's due. It doesn't really matter if you don't do a lot of transactions but if you're processing many transactions a day with large dollar amounts or even small dollar amounts with a lot of transactions then those small time differences on when you pay the longer you can hold on to the money becomes more and more significant. So large companies are going to have people that just manage the bills and try to cash manage and hold on to the money as long as possible. In that case you're going to enter the bill which is an accrual component increasing the accounts payable and then you'll have to track the outstanding bills that are there the accounts payable track the accounts payable and then later on you'll pay that with basically in essence a check or decrease to the checking account type of form. Also note that if you have inventory involved then you might have say a purchase order. Now purchase orders are only going to be there typically for larger type of companies that have the leverage on the purchasing side of things. So in other words for example if you purchase something personally from an online retailer like Amazon or something then you have to pay for it at the point in time that you'd request or make the purchase even though you haven't received the goods. However if you have leverage sometimes as a as a business you might be able to request the inventory without having been paying for it they send you the inventory and then we're going to enter the bill once we get the inventory at that point. In that case that's when you'd use a purchase order so you'd have the purchase order then you'd enter the bill when you receive the inventory possibly in that instance. So also note that we've got you can consider the sales tax or some kind of like a usage tax when which would be a tax when a purchase is made to the purchaser meaning the customer is the one that's supposedly being taxed and the owner of the business is the one that's basically being forced to be the tax collector by the government that is imposing the tax. In that case then you can kind of think of the increase in the payable as another kind of vendor in some ways because it's going to be an increase in a payable if you'll have to pay it we'll talk more about taxes in the future. So if I pull that over that flowchart when you have that flowchart in your mind and I look at the kind of forms that are going to be involved in the process if I'm just going to be paying my checks or my bills right when they come do then I'm just going to have a send money form and we'll talk about the send money form you can think of it kind of like a check but some of the forms might be electronic transfers. Also note that if you do have your system set up so that they're electronic kind of payments then that's the easiest kind of system to line up with the bank feeds so that you can wait till something clears the bank feeds possibly and then match it or then enter it when it clears the bank feed which still would basically create the form of a spend money type of form generally because that's the form that decreases the checking account however in a full service accounting system generally what happens is we enter the transactions on our end and double check it to the bank if we're just waiting till something clears the bank before we record it we're simplifying the accounting system to some degrees we're removing some of the internal controls but that might be well worth doing for many small businesses and the easiest time to do that is if you're not doing if you're doing a cash type of of business and you're paying electronically and so then we've got the bill form the bill form represents us doing the accrual process meaning the bill comes in like a utility bill and then we're going to enter it into the system as a bill without paying it yet that system can be useful because one it allows us to enter the bill when we get the bill which is usually closer to the point in time that the actual expense was incurred in other words utility bill for example usually we consume the electricity they then bill us on the electricity that we consumed and then when we enter the bill if I enter it at that time it's closer to the time that we actually used the electricity which is good from an accrual kind of conceptual standpoint then we'll have to track the accounts payable and then we're going to have to pay off the bill with basically money going out in the future so we'll have to track the bill in that case that'll be the accrual process and then we've got the purchase order and the purchase order is that one where we have inventory so you if you don't have inventory you will not have purchase orders even if you have inventory then you still might not have purchase orders unless you have some leverage over the vendors and the capacity to order something before paying for something which is required there's required to have some trust with your vendors and whatnot to have that kind of situation so we'll talk about them a bit more in the future note that if I then go into the drop down up top in the business we can sort the bills which are going to be the outstanding items here and we'll dive into this a little bit more in a future presentation but now we're going to have to organize the bills and whatnot we can also if someone had a question a vendor had a question we can go into the the contacts and go to the suppliers now notice I'll use the term vendors oftentimes because many softwares will use vendors business people will use vendors and then suppliers as an as another term which is a little bit less confusing to some degree but no matter what term you use you kind of have to get used to the idea that what side of the table are you on when you're using the terminology so notice if I say the vendors it that means I'm a kind of a vendor I sell stuff so I'm a vendor but from the standpoint of the software the zero software the vendor are the people that I'm purchasing goods and services from if I call them suppliers it's the same thing the thing about suppliers is they often kind of that term kind of indicates more that you're buying a thing like supplies physical things as as as opposed to basically service I guess vendors kind of does to there's no perfect terminology but I might actually sell supplies to I might be a supplier selling supplies but from the software's standpoint I am the one purchasing the supplies you gotta you gotta understand the terminology on which side of the table you're on just note as well that's also the case if I go to the drop down here and I go to like the bill a bill in normal kind of just normal language could mean that someone is billing me or could mean that I'm billing a client I might be sending out a bill to the client but from the software's perspective the bill represents something that I received from a vendor someone that I purchased goods and services from that that I'm entering into the system as a bill notice that gets confusing because I might get let's say I got a utility bill I got a bill from the from the vendor the person I purchased the utility from and I might say well I don't enter it into the system as a bill because I might just pay it right I might just say it's going to just be a spend money form so even though I got a bill in normal terms I'm not entering a bill I'm just going to pay it off with in essence a check or an electronic transfer type of form and the same thing is true with an invoice an invoice we may receive something that's called an invoice from from the utility company it might say it's an invoice because to them it is an invoice but to us in our in our accounting software in zero it's going to be a bill but the invoice to us from our side of things in the accounting software is that that's when we send out the bill to our customers so us charging the customers our invoices that's the side of the table that we're on when we're using this terminology it takes a little while to get used to that because you can use these same terms interchangeably on either side of the table in a normal business transaction you got to know which side of the table the accounting software is taking the perspective of when using these terms and so so that's going to be important con concept so if I go to the contacts drop down and I go into the suppliers these are the people the vendors the suppliers that we purchase goods and services from and then we can go into each of these suppliers and get some detail about them again we'll talk more about the suppliers and future presentations note from the financial statement perspective balance sheet and the income statement if I were to I'm zooming in a bit if I were to just to just start spending money on the utilities paying it with a check for example that would just be a decrease to the checking account typically and then the other side of the transaction would be going to the income statement oftentimes when we're paying for stuff in the form of an expense so normally when we when we have the purchasing cycle of stuff or the expense cycle you might say the outflow of cash at the end of the day at some point we're typically going to have an expense and at some point at the end of the cycle at some point we're going to have a decrease in the cash that's typically the purchasing cycle expense cycle or vendor cycle whatever you want to call it so we'll get into a little bit more detail on some of these components of it which will include sorting the bill payments and the contact list a little bit more in future presentations and then we'll dive into some examples of the of the forms involved in more detail the bill forms the the spend money forms and the impact of them on the financial statement and related reports