Now let's get into the topic of discussion today. We have all seen that young people are dying day in, day out. Sijunani ame rushu kwa building gani, sijunani ame anguka kwa pati gani, sijunani ame anguka. As in, these are weird things that are going on with young people and we just want to talk and ask ourselves what's going on. First of all, I feel like right now in this day and age, people are depressed, people are sad, people have problems like water kwa na masira, you know, so many things are coming to play because young people right now, everyone is looking, people are looking for jobs, livelihoods and all that and the economy also is bad, the government is imposing taxes every single day and like, you know, so people are finding water ame and also people have bottled up a lot, you know, so you find something so small can trigger somebody, ilene acha probabili they didn't mean to do it and then, unona matimutua ame kwa rusha chini, amon unona matimutua ame kwa dunga kisu after just an argument.  It's not because of Ugarli, I don't think it's because of Ugarli. There must be somebody. I feel like right now in our society right now people are not okay mentally, our mental health as young people is in the shits, if you ask me. What's worrying me and even surprising me even more, I feel like we are not really getting to know the reasons behind this kimi. First of all, most people are saying it's not suicide. I haven't really had a suicide issue. I've not heard of it that has been, you know, are summarized that it's a suicide. No, but we are not getting to know what is happening. We are just not getting to know. Una sketu story ni happen and then it dies off like that. I'm on up, we don't know what happened. Shikwa, and then that's it. It's not really, for me, it's not really a solution. Take for example, King Kalami's issue, Natiflorex, she fell and she lost an entire hand, and we don't even know what happened. Do you guys know what happened really? First of all, she said she didn't throw herself. That is something I got into her life and she said she never threw herself, but I think she didn't want to talk about it. I'm not so sure. We never get to know what are the reasons behind these things. You are watching Friends Vibe. All feelings are represented. What's up everybody? Welcome back to Friends Vibe. Guys, we are back and thank you so much for joining us every single time. My good name is Miss Kethingi and I am joined by Rich Galius Jackson Nisa Abdi Guys, please introduce me to Rich Galius Jackson. Nisa Abdi Let's have that energy. Sisi, in order to make your breakfast, do say amen your breakfast. All right, guys. Now let's get into the topic of discussion today. We have all seen that young people are dying day in, day out. Sijunani ame rusho kwa building gani. Sijunani ame anguka kwa pati gani. Sijunani ame anguka. As in, this is weird things that are going on with young people and we just want to talk and ask ourselves what's going on? What do you guys think are the reasons behind these killings that are happening nowadays? Well, apart from the one that went like wave viral, Jeff Moisey, these others are like love related. Like you find them, ali kwa na chaliak, ei, all over sudden them, ana pati kana li anguka. But then, most of them, zenye nimesiki anima dem. Kuna chali fula ni wakasa? Ei, piya kuna wewa chali wakasa. But now, you know, it's very disturbing to find that someone can find it so easy to throw someone off a rooftop just like that. A man abdungana kisu.  I really do not understand what goes into someone's mind before wa rushem tu, ama wa dungem tu. I really just don't understand. First of all, I feel like right now in this day and age, people are depressed, people are sad, people have problems like what okonama, sira, you know. So many things are coming to play because young people right now, everyone is looking, people are looking for jobs, livelihoods and all that. And the economy also is bad. The government is imposing taxes every single day and every, like, you know. So people are finding wa utwame and also people have bottled up a lot. You know. So you find something so small can trigger somebody ilene, actually probably they didn't mean to do it. And then onona tumitwa meku rushachini. Amonona umona meku dunga kisu after just an argument.  Seriously. It's not because of Ugarli. I don't think it's because of Ugarli. There must be something there. Yeah, it's, I feel like right now in our society right now people are not okay mentally. Our mental health as young people is in the shits if you ask me. And what's worrying me and even surprising me even more, I feel like we are not really getting to know the reasons behind this kimi. Yeah.  First of all, most people are saying it's not suicide. I haven't really had a suicide issue. I've not heard of it that has been, you know, summarized that it's a suicide. No. But we are not getting to know what is happening. We are just not getting to know. Una sketu story ni happen and then it dies off like that. I'm not aware what happened. You don't know how to ameshikwa. And then that's it. And then that's it. It's not really, for me it's not really a solution. Take for example, King Kalami's issue, multi-floor X. Okay, she fell and she lost an entire hand. You know. And we don't even know what happened. Do you guys know what happened really? First of all, she said she didn't throw herself. That is something I got into her life and she said she never threw herself. But I think she didn't want to talk about it. I'm not so sure. We never get to know what are the reasons behind these things. But now guys, what are some of the things she do avoid because Una skuya go to houses that you know the person you're with? No, but those are the things that we need to avoid or just work on just to make sure we remain safe. But I feel like in all these killings, in all the instances, these people who passed away because Walianguka, they knew these people that they went to see. Yeah, they know they personally well. Like recently, the lady who fell from Roaka, can't remember her name. Kathrin, I guess. Yeah, Kathrin Jerry. Yeah, I don't think. She went to see her, her very close friend. Then all of a sudden, the caretaker says he saw her with the Friends boy friend. Friends boy friend at the rooftop. No, we don't want to say kwa kata ni ni kapet. Kwanakuangali anapata names chana. So, sometimes I'm like, mba kasa, you know what I'm talking about, when I'm at the rooftop, I'm like, No, I'm number one. Avoid rooftops. I'm avoiding rooftop at all costs. It's very strange. And then, what is the, I feel like the Kenyan government when it comes to investigative cases, for me, I don't feel like they are doing enough because I'm a fanatic of forensic files. Forensic files is in the U.S. where they investigate murder, whether it takes 15 years, 20 years, 30 years, whether they need to exhume their bones. They will. They get to the bottom more. I don't think in Kenya. After three months, no substantial reports. I feel also the investigative part, the government should really do something. Because I feel like it's going to help us actually know how to do things better. How to probably avoid some things because this is what is leading to this. You know? So, if that is provided, it is going to be of much importance and of much help to actually people knowing what to do and what not to do. But again, isn't mba bash, clearly naka isn't mba bash the squeeze, this is not mba bash the kitambo. Because people have different agenda. Yes, you might know them through other friends and acquaintance. But what are they about to? Some of these people we hang out with, we don't even know what they do for a living. We don't even know where they live. We're just hanging out with people. Jume ito aku jeto nde bash nde steangu. That's it. That's it. And then you're there. You don't know for what. What do these people do for a living? Can you even know someone? You can report them to if anything happened. You know? Like, I don't know. Let's... Mimi, um, Chasa, Mimi, I'm just so co-shares with life. I don't even take risks anymore. Because I'm just afraid of these happenings that I'm seeing on the internet. Is there anything else you'd advise someone to just take care? Regarding to that relationship thing of people killing their spouses, choose kind spouses. Choose people who, like, as you're trying to date, choose kind people.  Just find a kind partner, honestly. Yeah. And the red flags are always there. Come on. They're always there.  It's, take that red flag, the first one and run. Don't wait for it to reach Akowe because it just takes one, achuwe kisu from here, you're in the kitchen arguing, just take one minute for him to bring that knife na kudunge. He want to, it's so easy. So yeah, I feel like choose a kind partner. Liz? I feel for me, my number one role is always, no matter how late it is, I will sleep in my house. It's quite like, see kwa kwa ni karibu sit when the tutu, eh, so he's not atatu me, pattern atu kwa kwa bash, atatu juwani.   Like I just feel to avoid Aki, lalini tukwe inu, please. Also meet in social places. When you go into someone's house umetua bash, atatu juwani. And then you're like, mwembo na beshtiako. Or ni kona beshtiaka, kona bash maria, and then you're just like, yeah, let's go. You don't know people, go to social places, then at a club when they quenu. You don't have to go to people's houses. Avoid them actually. For sure. And also, alcohol and drugs. I'm sure this is something that really contributes to people making radical decisions. In my room. So as much as you're enjoying yourself, ask yourself, how do I behave when I am drunk? Because some of you really behave weirdly. You cause drama when you're the type that insults people when you're drunk. And you're probably engaging with someone who is depressed. They don't even know how to make decisions when they are high.  Let me tell you. Utae enda tu taku sahau. So just take care of yourself and the decisions that you make. When it comes to alcohol and drugs, that's your decision. Mimisita kwa mbia don't consume. That is upon you to decide if you want to consume or not. But you need to know who you're consuming it with. Ikazi akunu nulopu mbia bure doi na enda kukuswa tu piyamaisha. Another point also. For no apparent reason, just because you want free things and because you consider that's the fun that you want. Mimi I always say, if you can't afford it, don't engage. It's that simple. Because you engage and you have to follow people's people's what. You have to follow people's rules.  Is it worth it? Also I feel like on that point of drugs and alcohol, do not engage with things you don't know how they will affect you. You are just, you are at a party. Kwanzaa this house party is most of them. Drugs are flowing and not just the normality. You know alcohol or weed. Had a drugs. So if you are there just, I would say you have never taken something and then you are there because you have been offered. Yes, I will take this. I will take this. I will take this. I will take this. They will affect you badly. Yeah. Yeah. Okay, your last words please. I just feel like let's choose friends wisely. Let's if you have to drink, drink wisely and always sleep in your house please. Uhum. Last words? Yeah. All right. So guys, just know choices are consequences. Whatever decision you make, you will definitely face those consequences. Whatever you choose to engage in, just know it will definitely have a consequence.  And talk to people. Yeah. Talk. Or talk to people. It helps.  There is always someone who can help you. But also remember, at the end of the day, it's in your mind. You can choose to be depressed and actually just decide one day, one time, you know I'm done with this depression. Let me look for a better choice because even if we speak to you and you have not made that decision you've not taken it upon yourself to heal, you will not. Okay? Leave a comment down below on the comment section. Let us know what you think is causing these killings that we are experiencing in this country. Lately, tuambie, umendakwa bashfulani and things that happen there you didn't like them. Let us know down on the comment section so that other people can learn. But thank you so much for watching this episode of Friends Vibe until next time. Bye. Bye.


Hello and welcome to the session. Let us discuss the following question. Question says, a lot consists of 144 ball pins of which 20 are defective and the others are good. Moori will buy a pin if it is good but will not buy if it is defective. The shopkeeper draws one pin at random and gives it to her. What is the probability that she will buy it? What is the probability that she will not buy it? First of all, let us understand that probability of occurrence of an event E denoted by P e is defined as number of outcomes favourable to E upon total number of possible outcomes. This is the key idea to solve the given question. Let us now start with the solution. Now we know we have a lot of 144 ball pins. So one pin can be chosen in 144 ways. So we can write total number of possible outcomes is equal to 144. Now in the first part we have to find the probability that Moori will buy the pin and we know she will buy the pin if it is good. So first of all let us find out number of good pins. We know number of defective pins is equal to 20. This is given in the question. Now number of good pins is equal to total pins minus number of defective pins. It is equal to 144 minus 20 which is further equal to 124. So number of good pins is equal to 124. Now clearly we can see one good pin can be chosen in 124 ways. So number of outcomes favourable to good pin is equal to 124. From key idea we know probability of occurrence of an event is equal to number of outcomes favourable to E upon total number of possible outcomes. So probability of getting a good pin is equal to number of outcomes favourable to good pin upon total number of possible outcomes. Now we know probability of outcomes favourable to good pin is equal to 124 and total number of possible outcomes is equal to 144. So probability of getting a good pin is equal to 124 upon 144. Now we will cancel common factor 4 from numerator and denominator both and we get probability of getting a good pin is equal to 31 upon 36. Now we are given that Noory will buy a pin if it is good. So probability that Noory will buy a pin is equal to probability of getting a good pin that is 31 upon 36. So we can write probability that she will buy a pin is equal to 31 upon 36. Now this completes the first part of the given question. Now let us start with the second part. Now we have to find the probability that she will not buy a pin. Now we know Noory will not buy a pin if it is defective and total number of defective pins is equal to 20. So one defective pin can be chosen in 20 ways. So we can write number of outcomes favorable to defective pin is equal to 20. Now we know probability of getting a defective pin is equal to number of outcomes favorable to defective pin upon total number of possible outcomes. Now number of outcomes favorable to defective pin is equal to 20 and total number of possible outcomes is equal to 144. So probability of getting a defective pin is equal to 20 upon 144. Now we will cancel common factor 4 from numerator and denominator both and we get 5 upon 36. So we can write probability of getting a defective pin is equal to 5 upon 36. And we know probability of getting a defective pin is equal to probability that Noory will not buy a pin. So we can write probability that she will not buy a pin is equal to 5 upon 36. So we get probability that she will not buy a pin is equal to 5 upon 36. Note that event that she will buy a pin and event she will not buy a pin are two complementary events. And we know that sum of probabilities of complementary events is equal to 1. Now probability that she will buy a pin is equal to 31 upon 36 and probability that she will not buy a pin is equal to 5 upon 36. Now if we add these two terms we get 36 upon 36 which is further equal to 1. So we get LHS is equal to RHS. So our answer is correct. So required answer for the first part is 31 upon 36 and for second part is 5 upon 36. This completes the session. Hope you understood the solution. Take care and have a nice day.


OK, mae'n gofi, a'i gofio am ymarfer iawn iawn i'r golffa. Mae'n gwelwch am bach i'w'r full golff, chesta, a chai gwneud o'r rhwylo vaigolwyr o'r rhan ffordd. Dyna unrhyw y byd ynghori sy'n ddim yn y cy communauté. Ond ydw ymgynnu'r mwy ffordd yma ac yn ysgrifffaidd newydd. Mae'r ffordd yn digwydd i'r ffordd yn ddweud ei fod yn meddwl. Rwy'n gweithio datgolion cyhoedd yma yn ddweud. Αch bod rŵn今日au mae'n meddwl yn gallu i'n meddwl adru a'r dda yn olygu fy modd, ac nad yna yn i gyd o'r sauf a'r rhain, a rhaid i'n meddwl i fy moddol. A'n wrtho yn edrych yn ei ffordd adder. Mae'r seldol, mae'n meddwl, dwi'n meddwl ythydig a'r ddweud ym Last SMrfian. Byddwn ni ddim. Rhowch ben ar hyn a'n gwneud ar eich ffwc person. Dwi'n gweld ar ddon yw. A'n ddod o'i weld yn ymdyn i'n fy mwy godi, Ond yn fawr yn byw ychydig i chi'n meddwl. Felly dylunol y clywed o'r tîm iawn i'w mewn gwneud pwysig fwychi'n cynnwys i'r angen, ond dyna'n hoddiwch yn ymweld rhywbeth. Ond yna'n gwじiddio'r ddelwyr yn ymweld o'r cangol i'w hwnnw i ddylo, ac yn rhoi brawb hyffordd o'u rôl i'r angen a'u wrthoion o'r qurfmwych gan gweithio'r angen, Let's have a quick look, it's the Z, it's the 585 and we'll have a look at this really interesting iron I think, could appeal to a whole range of handicap levels. Anyway like I said stop talking and we'll move camera and get into some golf balls. Okay so before I get started let's talk about the shaft that I'm about to put into this Strixon iron and it is an NS Pro Modus Stiff Flex the 105 so for those of you who like to know what shafts go in as you know I've tried a few shafts of late even graphite shafts that I've been overly impressed with and before I decide what shaft I'll use in my next set of irons I think I'll stick with something that I'm more familiar with so this is but another good point as well before I've just been looking through that Strixon's information whole range of shaft options and no up charge as well in these irons and that's a real interesting one as well from Strixon that I've got to say really impressed with before I started the golf balls and record some data let's just have a look at what Strixon claim is packed into this club so it's going to make life easy for us average golfers. Let's start off first of all with a spec in terms of the loft how strong are these things lofted so I've got seven iron in hand and in the 585 it's 31 degrees worth of loft then on to the technology slightly different sole plate on these Strixon irons it's the same as what they had in the in the last range that they introduced so they're talking about turf interaction it's almost like a V shape they call it a Tor VT sole and the sort of angle into the ball attack is slightly to the angle out of releasing the club as well from the turf so it's it's a slightly different unique setup how much impact that has on performance I really don't know and I suppose that's very hard to measure the technology is speed groove which is an internal channel which if I throw up the image now it basically allows for more face flex enhancing speed and distance and this is a forged club so the forged head is something that I am particularly fond of as you well know something that appeals to me always the difficulty is getting for me is to get a forged club head with plenty of forgiveness something small and compact and at the minute this is how I would describe this club fairly medium in terms of the width of the top line and when you've got the seven iron in hand so I can't tell you how wide the sole becomes no sort of longer irons but again really compact club head covered with the forged field if it gives a forgiveness then I think that's where it could as I said earlier appeal to a whole wide range of handicap types anyway you're not talking that's it some golf balls there's a few warm up balls here this morning so let's see how we can perform with a camera on I start so don't forget it's um as ever tailor made tp5 balls for all the data I'll give you a little few shots now I'll tell you what I think in terms of the feel of these things first ball was decent enough let's see if we can get a few more of them interesting that one a little bit off the bottom um I would say but still seem to perform okay haven't really got one right out the middle as yet that's a ball that's solid solid and right down the target line a nice things to be said I am here come in anyway come on in come and say hello come on say hello don't be shy there you go he will not come in and put his face on camera that's a boss man here they'll be back soon right let's carry on that's reality oh nice a couple of decent balls there and right let's talk about so not going to talk about performance let's talk about feel the first thing is as ever and again this appeals to not everybody it's not a big deal let's try these off as I'm talking forge clubs is I suppose it's a personal preference it's what people like some do some don't for me personally it's a major major deal to what I like to use in terms of irons and I think that whether it's feel or whether it's sound then it's a massive bonus for me personally but like I said that's not for everybody last two balls felt really pure as did that great launch angle on that super solid ball uh yeah performance quite good there that's three balls on the bounce pretty impressive um what I want to try and do is I want to try and keep the reviews more a sort of less focused on numbers that were recorded near on GC2 because we can go through data at the end but I want to really try and shorten that bit up because maybe is that perhaps just a little bit too tedious when we get to that end of things I want to just give you a basically first hand opinion on as soon as I hit these golf balls with these clubs what I feel and like I said if we can back that up with a bit of data then absolutely superb as well because I know you're going to need that as well but without going to I don't need to hit 100 balls I mean the interesting thing about this is that it's often asked that how an average golfer can do sort of club reviews which I sometimes question myself but I think the fact is that you know when you're hitting enough golf balls with enough golf clubs you can quickly form an opinion on a club and I can form one on this already without reading data to be quite honest with you um in terms of appearance in terms of performance where I've just been getting out those last three balls in particular there very very good indeed and if I can back that up with some data that tells me that then even better I'll tell you what I've hit four balls there that absolutely bang on right I'm going to carry on it in some golf balls so I can get some more data because like I said we do need it we do need that data to back up any claims that are made and we'll have a closer look at exactly what this is doing it's doing exactly what I would expect it to do at this moment probably launching a bit higher than I thought it would do for 31 degree 7 iron but I like the look of the ball flies again I hit the ball fairly high we'll carry on it in it with this thing and with this shaft and we'll go through these numbers very very quickly at the end so I'll speak to you shortly right okay so like I said I'm going to keep this very brief and get the numbers thrown straight up for you for the 585 and let you make your own mind up and see how this thing has performed in terms of numbers so straight away ball speeds 112 launching 21 degrees on average 4150 really low spin number which I'm debating in the moment what there's been a few issues with the spin on GC2 and I'm debating that one but anyway it is what it is we'll call it that 32 pk 165 on average carry now like I said take the spin out the equation a little bit because I've got a little amount slightly dubious about it to be quite honestly in the moment but we'll have to do a little bit more test on that but every product I've tested of late my spin number with 79 is dropping out of the sky in terms of like I said a real low number 4150 but anyway that is what it is we'll see what the 785 turns out which is the next club I review launch very consistently ball speeds again if you have a look at those are consistent a little bit of variation in terms of the height I suppose you might see their peak height a few I threw up there and where that variation launches but overall carry up 165 was quite tight from front to back but again the variables that you see there very much the variables that are in my swinging on my ability to deliver that head consistently so let's like I said my my the the numbers are there and the numbers are there for the people that want them take them for what you will it's a strongly lofted 79 it's carrying more or was it 165 so it's again that's longer than what I would carry obviously a traditional 34 35 degree 79 so carry distance it's where I would expect it to be it's launching quite high I'm talking about now my assessment would be this lots of forgiveness for average golfers that like the idea of playing a more compact head with forge feel and like I said packed with a bit of forgiveness and to get 165 carry out and quite consistent numbers over a fairly wide range of data there then the performance for me was more than good enough like I said for the swings that I put on the club today I think it's a great option a real great option and I think that whatever irons if you're considering buying new irons and that's the only thing that's uh is really relevant if you are considering them then Strixon have put a product in there that if as I keep saying if you like forge but you've if you're like a player's iron but you want that forgiveness then they put a club here that is thrown it right into the mix and very much has the appeal and the ability to appeal to a wide range of handicap golfers so that's me done review is over it's as simple and short as that maybe not as short as I'd like because I do waffle on but that's my assessment important thing is this go on try them I've literally I took one hour break and someone came in for a club fitting and they tried out to try in some new irons and the guys just come out and he's bought the Strixon 585 I swear to you to God that is the truth that is what happened he's tried the irons that are in this bay and he's come out with a set of 585 so that really strange coincidence but you absolutely love them anyway that's the end of this review I'll see you soon


Okay, and I'm going to talk a little bit about the next iteration of our maps, which in this AppCentric world we're calling version 3.0. I don't know what the point 0 stands for, but anyway, it's there. So first we're starting with different alternative measures of physical hazards. So we have some new data on water anomalies, on too much water, abundance, or too little water, scarcity of water. We are using updated subnational conflict data. So our partners at Oclid, Arm Conflict, location and events data set are now, I think, one week to 10 days behind. So it's always almost real time. So we're including those. We're also working very hard to improve our subnational database of household resilience, household and community resilience. And we're doing that on a couple of different fronts. One, we're trying to standardize our subnational units across indicators. So rather than having just rasters that we have to overlay and use GIS to analyze, we can analyze with more statistical analysis. So we'll have a common unit of analysis, a common geographic unit of analysis. And this is done using a combination of shapefiles from global administrative database, global administrative unit layers, and map library. So combining those, which using the ones we think are most accurate. We also have more and improved subnational indicators that we've extracted from subnational household surveys, predominantly USAID sponsored demographic and health surveys. So now instead of just a couple of indicators that are at the subnational level in that basket, we have many more. And in fact, most of them now, education, literacy rates, infant mortality, and now nutrition are all at the subnational level. We're also trying to switch from using just quintiles, which is just 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, to a much more fine grained percent ranks. So we have, so down to, you know, 100 degrees of difference rather than just 5. This allows for much more detailed analysis and much better analysis on the impacts of what happens when you play with one policy, when you try to improve health indicators in one country. What does that do to the overall vulnerability? So this is just one indication of the infant mortality rates. It's a little bit hard to see, but you can see that in the first iteration there were much less granularity at the national level. Many of those infant mortality rates are just using national level indicators. Now when we're moving to the more subnational units, we now, instead of 55, 54, 55 countries, we have approximately 800 different subnational units. So we get a much more finer grained picture on that. We don't yet have these maps ready to show. So now I'm going to move to jump ahead a little bit, move away from the vulnerability project into what we're calling this year's project on urban resilience and climate change challenges in Africa. So this is every year, this is the fourth year of the project, and every year we've conducted what we call a policy research project at the LBJ school, and this is where we have a team of master students that are looking into a particular problem. So Jennifer's going to talk in a minute about what she did last year, but for this coming year we're working on this project led by Professor Bob Wilson and myself as the deputy director. In this, we're thinking about cities in Africa as places that perhaps need more look at the institutional capacity of cities to deal with climate change. Africa is the least urbanized continent, but that is rapidly changing, as probably most people in this room already know. And Africa's cities already face a wide variety of challenges, among them high levels of poverty, strained education systems, overwhelmed public health systems, lack of adequate housing, public infrastructure that just can't keep pace with growth. So adding to all of these problems is climate change. And this is something that policy makers at the city level will need to take account of when they're dealing with these other challenges. The World Bank has estimated that up to 80% of the expected 80 to 100 billion dollars for adaptation will be in urban areas. And yet, I don't think that 80% of the attention is going to urban areas. Some cities are trying to deal with this in spite of a lack of national level attention or international consensus to deal with the problems that cities will face. Some cities are already dealing with it. In Africa, Durban is probably a shining example of that. Many, however, are not, and for a variety of reasons that we're going to try to get to over the next year, competing priorities.  Is it a lack of policies? Is it a lack of developed policies? Or is it a lack of failure to implement those policies? Is it a lack of financial resources? Or is it a lack of human capacity? And I mean, I can go continue to list political will. Or are politicians accountable to their populations? Looking at horizontal cooperation amongst municipalities or vertical cooperation between the municipality and the national level. What's happening there? So these are some of the things that we're trying to get to with these questions. What are the challenges? What are the policies or plans that have been developed to face those challenges? And what are the obstacles to implementing those policies? I'll be happy to talk with anybody about these questions or give you a copy of the perspective. We're really looking for input on these. We think that our contributions can be the institutional focus. We're not engineers. We're at a school of public policy. But from an academic perspective, we can look at these free from political constraints that the UN or the World Bank might have. And we're hoping to look at this across cities. It's a comparative analysis so that we can compare if one city is doing something well versus another city that might not be doing it well. Across climate hazards, why does one climate get better responses than another climate in the same city? So these are our cities. We've chosen them for variation in the climate hazards, the geographic region, economic development, and the colonial legacy. So of the nine master students, 18 master students will be going to nine of these cities. And then I'm working on one of these case studies. So anyone who has any expertise in these cities, please see me offline. And with that, I'm going to hand this over to Jennifer.


we will now come to the exercises. So we will do 5.1, we will quickly tell you by similarity we can write 5.2 and then we will do some exercises which are not listed here but which you can perhaps include in the text. By default we are doing property relations for a simple compressible system, so that will not be indicated. So consider S as a function of T and P, show that this is known as the first, there are two important TDS relationships of this format, this is the first one of the lot and this is just the way the first counting starts with 1, 2, 3, 4, this is the first exercise in any property relation. Remember on the right hand side we have a DT and a DP, so that is why it is obvious that we have to consider S as a function of T and P. So that is what we do, we consider S as a function of T and P. So naturally this immediately gives us DS is partial of S with respect to T at constant P dT plus partial of S with respect to P at constant T. We write our property relation as TDS is du plus P dv, I am taking a slight detour, this I will write as du plus P plus vdp minus vdp and what is this? This is dh minus vdp. Now rewrite this as dh is TDS plus vdp and you will get, can I go to the next page? Since dh is TDS plus vdp dh by, see what we want is dh by, I want to get to Cp, how is Cp defined? Cp is defined as dh by dT at constant P. Now dh is TDS plus or minus vdp. Now we consider this, consider S as a function of P and T. So DS becomes T partial of S with respect to T at constant P dT plus partial of S with respect to constant P at constant T dP plus vdp. Compare this, this is equal to TDS by dT at constant P dT plus something into dP. What is this? This is going to be partial of H with respect to T at constant P and that is what we have defined as Cp. So the conclusion from here is this particular expression is nothing but Cp, which one? This step, see I have considered S as a function of T and P. This is okay, this expression is okay, this expression is okay. So from here I expand this DS is partial of S with respect to T at constant P dT, because I have considered it as a function of T and P. So just expand it, first one derivative with respect to T at constant P dT, derivative with respect to P at constant T dP and we already have a vdp here. So this that means the inside here if you want is plus TDS by dP at constant T plus v into dP. So we have defined, we have now derived that Cp is TDS by dT at constant P. Now let us go back here, TDS by dT at constant P will be Cp. So if I multiply this let us say equation 1 by T and use definition of Cp. Then what do I get? I will get TDS equals TDS by dT at constant P dT plus TDS by dP at constant T dP out of which this particular part I have decided is Cp. So this will be Cp dT. Up to here it is okay. Now what about this? See in thermodynamics our aim will be the following. Whenever we measure the properties of a fluid what do we measure? Easiest thing to measure is PVT information, the so called standard equation of state. For an ideal gas it is very simple but for any fluid bring it to a particular temperature, heat it to a, sorry bring it to a particular temperature, pressurize it to a particular pressure, measure the volume. You have the PVT data. Then you can do calorimetric experiment for measuring Cp. It is much easier to measure Cp than Cv. So typically Cp is measured. So the aim is to obtain everything in terms of either PVT data or Cp data or both. So our aim is to reduce everything as a function of PVT and Cp or Cv. Here we have reached Cp. Now what about this? Is it a candidate for Maxwell? Yes. And now I would like you to do the following simple trick. It is a candidate for Maxwell. Why? Because we have an ST. I will write it. I am cordoning this off. This is my local cocksheet. It is ST, sorry, it is STPT. I am not writing all those Jacobian symbols. All that I do is I see a TS. I am effectively replacing it by PV. So what does this mean? This means that this partial of S with respect to P at constant T is now partial of V with respect to T at constant P, but with a negative sign. This implies that what I started off that partial of S with respect to P at constant T. STPT is going to be VPPT. So this will be minus partial of V with respect to T at constant P. You could do this by writing out the complete thing, but all this much symbolism is all that is necessary. Check out that this is one of the Maxwell's relation or its reciprocal. Is that right? You have the printed version with you. So now we replace this by purely PVT data and that is why this will be either third or fourth relation or its reciprocal. So we get the first TDS equation. TDS equals CP DT minus T partial of V with respect to T at constant P DT. That is what we were asked to derive. Now I will quickly go through two and three. We have just now derived that TDS is CP DT minus T DV by DT at constant P DP. This we did by considering T to be a function of T to be a function of T and P. In the second problem, we consider this to be a function of T and V and you will get the second TDS relation which will turn out to be CV DT plus T partial of P with respect to T at constant volume DV. Notice the similarity, notice the differences. Wherever there is a P here, there is a V here. Wherever there is a V here, there is a P here. P becomes V, V P becomes PV, P becomes V and wherever there was a partial derivative involved the sign has changed. Now the third problem is essentially combination of one and two. From this relation which I call two and this relation which I call three. The left hand sides are equal. So you equate the right hand side and you will have a relation between DT, DP and DV. Take any one of them to the left hand side. Take say for example DT to the left hand side. On the right hand side you have DP and DV. That is what will remain. So now consider T as a function of P and V. Obtain the partial derivative with respect to P at constant V with respect to V at constant T and equate with the expression and you will end up with the result given in 5.3. I leave that to you as an exercise. Let us do now something which we have said we know. We have said that an ideal gas has two relations. It obeys Boyle's law and it obeys also Joule's law. U is a function only of T and when T is constant it is not a function of P and V. What does this mean? This means that if you consider U as a function of say T and P then you should get partial of U with respect to T sorry with respect to P at constant T is 0. Similarly if you consider U as a function of T and V you should get partial of U with respect to V as a function of T to be 0. Let us see whether we can show this. What we will do is we will start with 3. So let me rewrite 3 again. We have TDS just now I have not invoked ideal gas. TDX is CV DT plus T DT by DT at constant V. Am I right? Now what is DU property relation? TDS is DU plus PDV. So DU is TDS minus TDV. This also is a derivation from the property relation. This also is this is the basic property relation. Substitute for TDS from here. So you will get CV DT plus T DT by DT at constant V minus PDV. Algebra. Now what does this mean? Consider U as a function of T and V then CV is a coefficient of DT. So CV must equal partial of U with respect to T at constant V. No surprise there. That is how we have defined CV in its consistent. What about this? We now get partial of U with respect to V at constant T should be the coefficient of DV which is T DT by DT at constant V minus V. This is true for any fluid. What happens to an ideal gas? And remember that this partial of U with respect to V at constant T depends only on PVT data. Equation of state. What is the ideal gas equation of state? PV equals RT. Substitute that and see what happens. Do it. Turns out to be 0 with no conditions attached on PV and T except that PV equals RT. So this closes that forward link which we talked about earlier. That ideal gas obeys two laws, Boyle's law and Joule's law and at that time we said that this is thermodynamically consistent and now we notice that it is thermodynamically consistent. That means if a fluid has an equation of state which is of the type PV equals RT, its internal energy should be temperature dependent only. Is this clear? So this turns out to be equal to 0 if PV equals RT. Now let us do 5.4. Derive an expression for the variation of CV with respect to V at constant T. Remember we notice that CP for a fluid can be shown to be equal to partial of S with respect to T at constant T multiplied by T. We have shown it earlier while deriving the TDS, first TDS equation. Similarly, you can show that CV is T into partial of S with respect to T at constant V that you should be able to show. Now what we want is partial of CV with respect to V at constant T. That is what we want to determine. So how do you do this? We differentiate the right hand side. Anything the differentiation is with respect to T. So I can take the T out of the differential. So this becomes T d by dV at constant T of CV out of which T I have taken out. So this is partial of S with respect to T at constant T. Now is this a candidate for Maxwell? I have a pair SV and I have a pair TV. Neither of them is T S or PV in some order. So this is not a candidate for Maxwell. It does not matter. But now we have two partial derivatives. So this is a second partial cross derivative T V V T. So I can change the order of derivative. So this can become T. What was the inner derivative? Partial with respect to T at constant V. So partial with respect to T at constant V. Outer derivative partial with V at constant T. So partial with V at constant T. Is this a candidate for Maxwell? S T V T. What is the corresponding? It will be S T V T. So there is a T S. So I call it PV. It is partial of P with respect to T at constant volume. Am I right? So this becomes partial of P with respect to T at constant volume. No I do not think there is a negative sign. Is there a negative sign? No there is no negative sign. And which Maxwell's relation is this? Third one. So now you notice that after this replacement using Maxwell, the inner derivative is with respect to T at constant V. Outer derivative is with respect to T at constant V. Same differentiation, same variable is constant. So we can confidently write this as T. Second derivative of P with respect to T. Now I will leave it as an exercise to you. All of you know about the Van der Waals equation of state. Slightly more complicated than the ideal gas equation of state. Do you think the internal energy of a Van der Waals gas is a function of temperature only? You can substitute the equation of state. We have this relation, right? Variation of U with respect to V at constant T. Substitute in Van der Waals gas and you will notice that the internal energy of a Van der Waals gas is not a function of T alone. It will be a function of T and V or T and some other variable. But you substitute CV with respect to V at T and you will find that for the Van der Waals gas, CV will be a function of T alone but not U. Do that and check it out. Now let us come to the an important part of property relation and that is Clausius-Clapeyron equation or Clausius-Clapeyron relation. We have always been looking at the phase plot of water, triple point to critical point, triple point to solid liquid line, triple point to solid vapor line. And to us the interest always has been, what are the slopes of these lines? We know that the slope of the liquid vapor line is always positive. Wherever you increase the pressure, the boiling point increases, the saturation temperature increases. But for the ice liquid, that means the solid liquid transformation for water as you increase the pressure, the freezing point decreases. So what is the relation? Let us say this liquid vapor interface Dp by Dt along a say liquid vapor saturation line. Maybe I will include a modified question in which we derive it in a different way. I typically leave it for a quiz or an NSM examination but I will just mention it to you. But here we will derive it using the fact that in the two phase flow pressure and temperature are not independent variables. And then we will link it to the Hfg or Hfg and the temperature and that point. What we will do is we will consider for the liquid vapor saturation a small part. Now instead of Pt, let us consider the Pv diagram and let us say this is the saturated liquid line, this is the dry saturated vapor line. And we are considering one pressure and let us say the isotherm will go like this. So along this line from the saturated liquid point F to the dry saturated vapor point G, it is a constant pressure line, it is also a constant temperature line. Now I consider some point here, I consider some point here, what is it doing? And I consider two lines, one is a volume line, another one perhaps is a constant entropy line. Now I consider points on the constant volume line and on the constant entropy line but at a higher pressure, higher temperature and a lower pressure correspondingly lower temperature. And I am looking at variation of pressure with temperature along the constant volume line and variation of pressure with temperature along the constant entropy line. At that point, will these two partial derivatives be different? My point and the neighboring points are fully within the two phase zone, the liquid vapor zone. In the two phase zone pressure is a function only of temperature. So when I change my state, whether volume changes or entropy changes does not matter. If I am changing pressure by one bar, I am remaining the saturation line, the temperature will change correspondingly, it does not matter whether I am keeping volume constant or I am keeping entropy constant. So in the two phase zone, this must equal this simply because both of them should basically equal dp by dt along the saturation line. dp by dt along the saturation line can be written down either as dp by dt along the constant volume line or dp by dt along the constant entropy line. If that is understood, the next step is using Maxwell. We will use Maxwell both ways. We have said dp by dt along the saturation line is either partial of p with respect to t along a constant volume line in the two phase zone or is also equal to partial of p with respect to t along a constant entropy line also in the saturation zone. If you want, you say during the saturation zone, during the through the saturation zone. Is this a candidate for Maxwell? Yes. What is the replacement? Use Maxwell, partial of s. What is this? This will be partial of s with respect to v at constant pressure also along the saturation. Now go back to our, we want variation of s with respect to v at constant temperature at our point. Go back at this point. What is the variation of s with volume? When what is maintained constant? Temperature is maintained constant. And what is that value? When pressure is maintained constant. How does, when pressure is constant we are moving along this line? And how does entropy vary? And how does specific volume vary? Can I write, I will ask you this question. Can I write this as sg minus sf divided by vg minus vf? And can I write this also to be the same thing? Constant temperature and constant pressure means the same line going from saturated liquid to saturated vapour. If you want any one of these, so whether it is t or whether it is p does not matter. So s is going to be sf plus x into sfg. v is going to be vf plus x into vfg. So write this as partial of s with respect to x divided by partial of v with respect to x both at constant t or p and you will get sfg by vfg. This relation is the Clausius-Clapeyron relation. Now sometimes it is written in a different way. It may be written down as it is reciprocal instead of dp by dt. Now remember, what is our expansion for dh? dh is tds plus vdp. Now consider the process from f to g. It is a constant pressure process. Also a constant temperature process. This is p is constant, t is constant. So dh along this process is going to be tds simply and t is constant. So you are integrating it from f to g. hg minus hf is going to be t into sg minus sf. You can even check this out from your steam tables. Of course t here has to be in Kelvin. So this can also now be written down as hfg divided by t vf. Now come to our ice problem. Latent heat of ice is positive means numerator is positive. We have to provide heat to melt it. What about vfg? When ice melts, is vfg positive or negative? Vfg is negative because ice has lower density, higher specific volume. So out in vfg for ice, g is the specific volume of water. f is the specific volume of ice. So for water steam transition, steam is lighter than water. It rises. Latent heat of steam is positive. So whenever temperature increases, the vapor pressure increases. For when pressure increases, the boiling point increases. But for ice water transition, latent heat is positive. So numerator is positive. But ice floats on water. So the specific volume of ice is higher than that of water. Density is lower than that of water. So vfg is negative. Consequently, this is negative and when pressure increases, t decreases. Yes madam, Maxwell's equations are derived for a simple compressible system. Since it is a wet steam, it can be considered as a simple compressible system. Any part of steam and wet steam is no expression, no exception. Except when we substituted PV equals RT here. Up to this point, even this relation is for any simple compressible system. We said that it is 0 only if PV equals RT. So Maxwell's relation, TDA's relations including this, the relation in 5.3 are for simple compressible system. So do not be under the impression that Maxwell's equations are for an ideal gas or even for a gas. They are for a simple compressible system. They are property relations. So do not bring in a process. No, the idea of a reversible process has been used only to derive a link between ds, du and pdv. See, it is simple. Our basic relation is dq equals de plus dw. We are looking at the properties of a system. So we look at a system which is constrained to do only two-way work and that too in a small way, reversible way, quasi-static reversible way. It is a stationary system. So de becomes du, restraining it to the two-way mode of work and small quasi-static reversible changes reduces dw to pdv. And because it is now reversible, dq can be replaced by Tds. So Tds is du plus pdv is our basic property relation. The idea of a localized reversible process is used only to derive this. Once it is derived as a property relation, it is applicable everywhere because it is a relation between properties of state. And that is why in my first slide I said we will use the property relation which is Tds is du plus pdv. We will also use the first law which is dq equals de but because it is stationary it is du plus dw where dw could be pdv plus anything else which it can do. And there is no guarantee in a real process that dq equals Tds. Now one trick which you should realize is that there are two relations which we have not had the opportunity to use. And those are what are known as cyclic relations. The most celebrated cyclic relation is this. If there are three variables, then partial of x with respect to y at constant z multiplied by partial of y with respect to z at constant x and partial of z with respect to x at constant y. Note the cyclicity x, y, z, x, y, z, x, y, z. And similarly x, y, z, x, y, z, x, y, z. Product of this is minus 1. The second cyclic relation which we will generally not have the opportunity to use but you never know where T is a common variable. You may have to use this. And also the reciprocity relation that partial of x with respect to y at constant z is the reciprocal of partial of y with respect to x at constant z. Yes, yes, yes. Now this is useful when we come to say an exercise like 5.9. Just one minute. I will not go through the whole thing. See it is given that mu is defined. This is the Joule-Thomson coefficient. Partial of T with respect to P at constant h. For Joule-Thomson refrigerator, we expect the working fluid to have this value negative, sorry positive. So that when we reduce pressure, the temperature reduces. Now this is nowhere near our Maxwell. So we are stuck. So we expand this using the fact that this multiplied by partial of P with respect to h at constant what will be h? P h T then partial of h with respect to T at constant P and divide it by whatever we have multiplied it with. Partial of P with respect to h at constant T. Partial of h with respect to T at constant P. I have not changed anything, multiplied and divided by this. But in the numerator now I have the cyclic relation. So this becomes minus 1 divided by what is this partial of h with respect to T at constant P? C P. So the second factor in the denominator is the C P. The first factor in the denominator, I can take it into the numerator and write partial of h with respect to P at constant T. And remember we have derived a partial of u with respect to v at constant T using the expression for du. Similarly, consider h as a function of P and T and you can derive this in terms of PVT data and you will get the answer. Use Maxwell's relation. But here we have used the cyclic relation as a trick to get out of this funny partial of T with respect to P at constant h. The moment you get something like this, it is a hint. Use the cyclic relation because then you will get del h by del T at constant P which will be C P. And the other factor you can take care of. Now that brings us to the end of property relations.


we need to be making decisions and taking action every single week like every single week we have to do something towards our goals like you hey i do brother what's going on man hey i just saw that you're going live i just hopped on here up a call um okay sorry i was so you missed my first live i did man i did i don't know how i stumbled across you that's all right no worries any anyways um i just had a quick question for you so um my dad uh he's a industrial contractor i'm in financial services so i do like mortgage brokering uh real estate stuff like that okay um however he he does uh industrial contracting and um you know he's doing pretty large projects and everything but what would be like the starting point to get involved he's been in business since i was a kid what would be the to get involved with these government contracts like tell me anything industrial contract to give me an example um for example right now we're uh he's installing uh systems for bobcat company bobcat and uh like the tractors and stuff out in north dakota doing like paint systems and stuff like that uh okay okay so the what i would do is what okay what's his who is like who hires him so typically he gets hired by uh different companies that do anything related to powder coating or assembly line stuff like that all car coding is big yeah yeah okay so so then what i would do is i would look at power coding they have the codes for like power coding right i would find what those power coding codes are and there are companies that only do power coding right and you know that because you're in space and i'd reach out to them they already have so to me and everyone listening to the fastest way to get a contract is to piggyback off of someone who's already done the business development they've already done on the market like they're already in with the government you don't have to do any of that stuff you just piggyback of what they've already done and that's how i was able to get like when i was like coming back up um i just piggyback off of someone who already they've been going out to dinner with these people playing golf with them they've been doing all this motion right and so they're now the government calls them but they're calling your dad right because they're not going to actually do that work you know they're going to get the contract and then look for someone like your dad to do it you just you just have to be in her face got you so what i would say is find out what the code is for power to coding um i think you're gonna have to go because paint i know paying contractor but it's not painting so painting would be under nax code i think you're gonna have to go into like a psc code which is for product services that's more specific nax codes are generic they would nax code 238 is like the paint category okay because we do the whole like the the installs of the actual system so they go in they fabricate weld them uh design them that whole thing oh really yeah so i know we were we're talking about going to because we're doing like the the bigger systems for like tractors and stuff so like military equipment and stuff like that but he he's just kind of like where do i start so and then he was mentioning a lot of the contracts you know how you look and it'll be say like um i know he he does some contract or he did some contracts for like an air force base or something but it was like under another contractor of course there was something about how it was like um so him because he's like latino or whatever to since he's a minority owned or some of the contracts are like or female owned businesses they give those contracts up first how does all that work um so if he worked on a base that's he didn't get a contract because of that he got it because of what he does okay if it was if it was at a state level that's possible because states deal with minority but at the federal level if you're in a military base that's they didn't happen because of that they gave him a contract because of who he was and what he can do like his you know like him his performance his history his skills that's why they gave him a contract he might believe it was because he's latino whatever but that's not why they gave him a contract he gave me like yeah there's no credit for my like there's no credit for that in the federal okay um but if you were a state like if you're doing like a state he worked for where you at um i'm out of Vegas but okay so let's say we don't for whatever but whatever let's say he's doing some for california or nevada they the states might give him credit for being a minority or dbe something like that disadvantage but at the federal level they would if you small business small business small business small business small business it doesn't matter uh what you are like you're small business small business and really i would not and this is one of my pet peeves i would not lead with that i would lead with what you told me which is we've done this for since i was a kid i've done thousands of systems we work for some of the biggest contractors in the country you know we work for a buy cap john dear blah blah blah blah that's what i would leave with i don't worry about uh sort of stuff but yeah i for me i would say find your psc code um and then once you find that psc code you could easily sort through usa spending fpds and they'll find all of the contracts that were awarded for that code and then you then they'll have all the top vendors and then you just read s e p s p s e paul sim yeah product service code okay very cool very cool and then do you have any other kind of resources like do you have courses or anything yeah i have two courses i have a free course uh it's actually you could try that when i was i listen i send people a free course first free gov con course dot com i just showed it on here in fact is it still on my screen uh no yeah um but type in a free gov con course dot com that's my free course okay okay you can start there and then i have a paid course at gov con giants dot com where we actually go into it and obviously it's paid so we do a lot more like digging and helping and you know working with you and then we do these kind of calls every tuesday in the paid course so we actually have calls every tuesday that we talk about it so you're like hey eric i tried this and said work out all right look this is what you do like this is what you know so i help people along and then also you can always like plug yourself in and that's one of the things i recommend for new students it's like you don't know who's out here right you don't know who's actually already connected we have we have people in our group that have contracts in california but no one can do it the work okay right yeah that's what i was telling him because like he's uh i mean he's civil engineer by trade he's been like yeah he got into pretty big contracts and everything even though the margins are that high like sure especially in the private sector where he is right now yeah but i was just i stumbled upon you i don't i was googling it or something and then some of you were like you're retargeting must have hit me or something because i know let me tell you what it's your brother look this way it's you right here i got 300 videos on youtube i've got two books i've got a blog a podcast it ain't no retargeting this is i know target i was uh i don't know how i stumbled upon it but it was good content and then i saw your live i'm like oh i gotta jump on there and talk to you listen i put out more content than anybody else cool very cool look i'm working on five books five five i'm look i don't want these but when people even think they're coming up on me i want right now you know what just give up just give up like yo just give up i guess listen my email list is seven thousand people all federal contracting it's like grant card on the massive action that's what i'm saying listen i followed grant i followed gary v i followed tim ferris that's why five books is my goal because grant gary v and tim ferris all have five books yep yep they all have five books so i'm like five is my number there it is but yeah man listen check check us out follow us i'm we're everywhere like you can't miss us uh what was your name again let's just look again we have podcasts that's on apple itunes spotify stitcher and where we interview like the top people in government so the people who are actually doing us at a high level in every industry we have so i was just saying like like right now i interview uh carol craig she's gonna be the next space x promise you well she's she's actually managing the low what do you call it pierce low earth orbit spec from that's just outside the earth to start testing your product we want to put it in space she's she's managing the whole spectrum with nasa wow that's crazy right you know that's crazy so yeah man no but keep hey keep doing what you do brother you know cool without you do transportation as well i uh no i don't do transportation but we talk about it yeah so people because that's a very big industry uh so we talk about it a lot a lot of people folks want to get into transportation so we we put out content about it and that's going to be one of our focus areas is construction it and freight logistics because those just seem to be markets where people really have a lot of interest and also they need a lot of help and so we want to be here to help so very cool thanks a lot all right thanks for jumping on i appreciate you yep i'll definitely tap in thanks a lot okay thanks later bye all right see sometimes coming on back on it is a good thing all right what else


Welcome to 2021. I hope it's exciting for you, as it is for me. I kind of think it feels like 2020, but I'm waiting for the excitement to mow me over. Anyway, today I promise we're going to have some excitement on the episode. We've got the CIA RISE group. I'm so happy to have them here. I'm going to let them introduce themselves to you and talk a little bit about what's important about CIA's RISE committee. This group is growing very rapidly. They are made up of the young professors of our industry. These are going to be the people leading our industry next. You can engage with them today. I'll talk about how you're going to get to engage with them in the future. Erin, I want to kick it off to you. How about a quick intro and why RISE is so important for you and for our industry? Thank you again for having us on this episode, first one of 2021. Happy new year to everyone listening. I'm Erin Mann. I'm the chair of the RISE committee this year. I'm really, really excited to be able to kind of a leadership role with this group. I joined RISE probably a little over a year and a half ago, and it gave me my first understanding of what a community in the industry felt like, and gave me an understanding that my job within this industry, and I can really build an awesome career in the industry. It gave me kind of just a window into all of the dedicated professionals who have been part of the industry for 40 plus years. That's why I'm super passionate about it. I love working with people. I love everything to do with young professionals. We're really, really excited for 2021. We've got some fantastic stuff planned and the members who are on the call today from the committee have some really incredible initiatives underway, so we're excited to share them with you. Awesome. All right, Kelsey, take it off. Give us a quick intro and why you're passionate about RISE. Yeah, for sure. I echo what Erin said. I appreciate you having us on and we're so excited. Happy New Year. Happy Holidays. Belated to everybody. RISE to me. I joined RISE pretty much same time as Erin. It was like a year and a half, almost two years ago, after Accelerize. It was quite honestly life-changing, sounds pretty dramatic, but it's true. It really was like a career alternating activity. I think that RISE is, it really is like a second family and it's a group of people that are going through similar things with you. So we're all young professionals. We're all new to the security industry, are relatively new, so it's a really relatable group and especially this RISE group. All of the initiatives that we're pushing and everything we're trying to do, I think just is amazing. The group is awesome. The initiatives are great and it really is a group that quickly becomes very close. I'm honored to be a part of it, for sure. I think there's a lot of potential, so stay tuned. Yeah, and we're talking about a thousand people close gang, so pay attention to this group. Hey, Jake, tell us a little bit about yourself and why you joined. Thanks, Andrew. So I'm kind of the RISE baby. I joined in February of 2020, which is crazy to say. I'm coming up on one year, but I mean, so my experience in RISE has been mostly virtual with the pandemic. But the impact that developing relationships with everyone in the committees and whatnot and the RISE community as well, it's been amazing. I mean, it feels like I've known these people for years and years and I've only been in the industry for about since 2018, so about two and a half years. But I mean, just the impact it's had on me, like Kelsey said, it feels like we're a second family. So to me, it's the impact. It's kind of the fact that I'm really excited to take the momentum that we've built virtually that I've been a part of building virtually and hopefully, hopefully in the latter half of this year, seeing everyone in person and the fun in person events and whatnot. But it's been awesome so far and I can't wait to work and continue working with the team. Yeah, I love this family theme that's growing already. It's perfect. Hey, Mark, give us your intro there, sir, and then what RISE means to you. Awesome. Thank you so much, Andrew. And again, happy new year to everyone out there. I joined RISE in December of 2018. And in thinking about it, it really doesn't feel like it's been barely a year as the opportunities have been absolutely fantastic joining RISE. I'm an outside sales. So in 2020, really being forced to stay home most of the time kind of caused me to be a little bit more siloed than I normally would be kind of serving a regional office for a Legion. And in joining RISE and becoming more involved in RISE, I really, again, have found this family and this community that has given me the opportunity to lead, to serve, to help connect others. And really, that's been tremendously valuable for me. Can't say how thankful I am for this group in 2020 for how much they helped me. And really, for all young professionals in the security industry, you'd be remiss not to join RISE. There's just so many great events, so many great people, so many opportunities for you to advance your career and really join this awesome family. That's awesome. I love, you can tell this sales guy, give us that call to action right off the bat. Look, join up. You're going to love it. You need to do this right away. And he's absolutely correct, by the way. So let's talk a little bit about some of the programmatic stuff that people are going to get when they engage with RISE. Some of the things that you guys are doing already, some of the things you've had some success with, and maybe if you want to get into some of the things that are coming up this year that are going to be new. I know you had a little bit of an opportunity to discuss how you're going to throw those around. So I'll start with Erin and then I'll let her just kind of, you guys kick it around in the format that you had designed. Perfect. So RISE this year has a number of subcommittees and these subcommittees are kind of siloed by category. So we have a scholarship subcommittee for our annual scholarship drive. We have our Accelerize subcommittee who is responsible for hosting our massive young professional industry conference. We have our Diversity and Inclusion subcommittee that has been, it was kind of recently born in 2020 around February timeframe and we just launched the time mentorship program. So that's the big initiative coming out of that subcommittee. And then we have our Content and Education subcommittee that's really focused on kind of some of those webinars, the content that we put out, the micro-learning series and things like that. But we have representation from all four subcommittees here today. So I'm going to let everyone kind of tell about their individual subcommittees. But with our most recent one that actually just kind of finished, I'll pass it to Jake to talk about the scholarship for 2020 and everything involving that. Thank you, Erin. So real quick, I'm just going to highlight the winners and give them a little shout out. So we have Nadim Hamoud from Phoenix, Olivia Peralta from Allegiant, Matthew Rios from Access Communications, Mary Sharp from Stanley Access Technologies and Trevor Zulorine from VPI Security. Trevor, sorry if I mispronounce your last name. But like we said earlier, we're going to be having these winners on a few more episodes going forward in our rise slot. Just talking to them about their motivations for applying and how they plan on utilizing the funds and whatnot. So that's a great transition to kind of my next point and explaining the scholarship in depth. So five applicants will be awarded $3,000 each. They can use these funds for things like continuing education in the industry, industry certifications, see a program, see offerings. And the biggie is now, we introduced this last year and people loved it, paying back student loans. The goal of the scholarship is obviously to provide that stepping stone for the young professional careers but to also kind of alleviate stresses in their journey and going to point A from point B. So as far as eligibility goes, you have to be in the rise community. That's a really simple process. All you do, we'll put a link in the description of this video. You're putting your email and you'll be getting notifications and whatnot as far as rise events and opportunities in the rise community. And your company has to be a CM member company. So if you're not sure, just ask your uppers. And if you're not a CM member company, that's a fairly easy process to do. You just, you know, you follow the prompts on the CIA website. And then last but not least, as far as application process goes, we usually announce the application around Accelerize. And Accelerize this upcoming year is in August. I believe it's August 23rd to the 25th. So the application will go live around then. And any questions, just, you know, please feel free to reach out as someone, you know, it's my first year on the subcommittee. But you could really see, you know, in evaluating these applications and whatnot, how important, you know, these opportunities are to kind of, you know, help these young professionals and help their career development. Something so simple as $3,000 can go a really long way. So that's pretty much all I got for the scholarship. Kelsey, if you want to add anything, Kelsey's my partner in crime when it comes to the scholarship subcommittee. And she does an awesome job. Yeah, thanks. Jake, you nailed it. I think that really it's just an awesome opportunity and something that we can continue to add to the CIA Rise Groups portfolio. And keep an eye out because there's more to come and scholarships just going to continue to grow, I think this year and moving forward. So a little teaser there for you. I'll add to that too, just because the scholarship has grown tremendously in the last couple of years. So the first year there were six applicants, I think the second year we had 19. And then this past year we had 46 from six different countries. So the reach of the scholarship and the hunger for what it can provide is global. And it's pretty exciting to see the impact and kind of connect with the people afterwards to see how it benefited them, how they used it, and then follow up with them in a couple of years to see, you know, is it still benefiting them. So it's an awesome program and we're really happy to offer it. All right, we have time for let's talk about another one. What's your next program? Yes, so I am here to represent the content and education portion of CIA Rise. So kind of when thinking about 2021 for me, I kind of thought on the content side, how can we attack and approach people with kind of a multi-segment value proposition in terms of the type of content we're pushing out. We're going to be pushing out digital written content in terms of our quarterly newsletter that people have come to know and love and expect from us. We're going to be expanding as seen here into the video and audio medium and hopefully more to come. We're going to be planning several events, including the book club that we started last year, including the trivia night that we started and Accelerize last year and did another one in December. So really when it comes to the content and education for 2021, I want to make things as accessible as possible so that any young professional or really anyone that's new to the security industry can have an opportunity to be able to engage with others. Whether you're in Seattle, Washington, whether you're in Hawaii, whether you're in Florida, New York, everyone can come together digitally and really find their niche within this RISE community through the content that we're pushing out. And we also have some really good educational opportunities. For me, we have some micro RISE or micro learning series that we published last year on some topics that are really relevant to young professionals, really any professionals in my opinion, these topics could help out. And we always are pushing out some new kind of learning modules on different portions of the industry that might be applicable. For me, dealing with the security hardware side of the industry, I really don't get exposed to some of the other parts of the industry. So having these tools through CRISE has really enabled me to broaden the scope of the industry perspective for me. And as the host of two of the trivia events, that has been really, really a fun way for me to get engaged. And Kelsey will actually be expanding a little bit more about some of the events that we look to host in 2021. That's awesome. I think it's so critical that people don't understand how broad our industry is. If you write code, if you're in the engineering for hardware, software, applications, sales, marketing, we have all of it. And no one sort of knows how big our industry is. And we're kind of like a successful industry. Like everybody kept working this whole time during the pandemic. So we're a little bit economically resilient. We offer opportunities that are just not exposed. No one sort of grows up thinking about the security industry. So what you're doing there is a great, that outreach will help sort of improve career opportunity, I think, across the spectrum of the folks that are joining CRISE. We're at about 14 minutes. I'll tell you what, we've got to pay some bills. So we'll take a break for about one minute. And we'll be right back with CRISE. Hey, everybody. Welcome back. We are talking with the CRISE leadership, committee leadership team today. And we are trying to advise you. If you're a young professional, I think 40 and unders may be good. 30 and unders may be better. I'm not really sure what their limits are, what they'll expect. But check this group out and get engaged with the work that they're doing. We're going to hear about another program that I think Kelsey is the committee chair for. Kelsey, take it away. Yeah. Thanks, Andrew. So just elaborate a little bit more on some things that the CRISE crew is doing. So I am honored to be the co-chair with Erin, Erin being the chair. And we talked about some of the initiatives that we had. We talked to the group. There's a lot of exciting stuff that's coming. But Mark highlighted two of the things, which are Book Club and trivia night. And those two things kind of sprung from the initiative of the RISE group. We're over 800 members, right? And we're all over the globe or all over the U.S. too. So we're trying to figure out how to get people more involved. We're hosting, again, last year, being the virtual world. We learned our lesson quickly that we can expand our portfolio in that virtual world. So things like trivia night, Book Club, more to come, happy hours potentially. There's a lot of potential, I think, and there's a lot of people that are in the group that we have either yet to meet or have a lot of potential. So those are two things. And then it was spoken about before, but Accelerize is another biggie. We have a whole committee that works on Accelerize. They work their butts off, for sure. And Accelerize this year is August 23 to the 25th. It's virtual as well. But more to come on that and mark your calendars because that is quite the event. I joined Accelerize almost two years ago, and that was my first Sea of Rise event. Quite impactful, for sure. There's a lot of awesome people that I met and a lot of good content. So something you want to keep your eyes out for. Awesome. Yeah, definitely. I mean, these groups, I know the early, I know definitely the first Accelerize I went to and it was maybe 50 folks there. And I mean, to get from 50 to 800 as quickly as you have is amazing. So congratulations. You guys obviously know how to communicate well and to draw them in. And if you haven't gotten a hit yet, we'll go ahead and make it official here. This Sea of Rise group is going to take over one of the broadcasts for Security Matters on the third Tuesday of every month at noon. It depends on, it's at 10 o'clock away time. So that's noon Pacific. It'll be one Pacific a little later in the year when the clock changes.  I think we're going to see a lot of broader perspective, a different industry perspective coming out of the programs and the folks in their community. And I'm really looking forward to that. And I'm looking forward to having a week off once a month. I really appreciate that as well. So thank you. Okay, Erin, I think you were going to talk about the new the time. What time is it? Let's talk about time. It is time to get involved. So one of the really kind of exciting programs and initiatives that Rise worked on over the last probably seven, eight months is our time mentorship program. So time is an acronym, it stands for talent, inclusion, mentorship, and education. And it is the brainchild of our diversity and inclusion subcommittee. So we have been engaged in a lot of conversations over the last few years about how there is a need for mentorship within the industry, not only just from a, you know, passing knowledge and helping coach people through their careers at whatever stage, but also because the industry is traditionally white male, and we really want to diversify that. And so if we can connect some of the trailblazers who identify other than white male and connect them with young professionals throughout the industry and others as well, we think that we can make a really big impact on kind of this idea around inclusion and diversity and bringing people to the table where they belong. And so we're really excited about it. We launched our call for mentors right before the holiday season hit. So we have about a week and a half on those mentorship or the mentor application. So if you're someone who's been in your career or in your job and you feel like you've learned a lot and you want to pass on that knowledge, we would love to have you apply to be a mentor. I've been in so many conversations where people are just saying, you know, we really want a robust mentorship program. We've worked really hard to structure it. So it is a time commitment. There's an expectation of 90 minutes a month. There are, there's an entire program booklet that mentors and mentees are going to get. There's categories that have to be discussed. There's ratings and scorecards and we're really focused on building a community within the industry to really connect to the tribal knowledge with the individuals who are going to be leading the industry. So we're really, really excited about it. But January 15th, the mentor application closes and then we will open up the mentor or the mentee application soon after that. So stay tuned for that. Yeah, I love that it's got a lot of structure. I know that I've talked to folks about this.  What are you actually giving back to the industry now, right? You've got all this knowledge you need to share it. I haven't necessarily heard it called tribal before, but that's I like that. I like that word. There's a, there's a, there's sort of a problem. I think our industry grew up out of really, you know, military and law enforcement, right?  And, and there was some other, other folks represented there, but, but in a small representation. So that our industry became, you know, this, this representation of that. And today, you know, we can't continue forward like that. We've got to recruit far broader. We need everyone's perspective brought in as law enforcement is found out as military is found out, right? So there will be that, that traditional funnel won't, will also is getting more diverse as we, as we go forward, which is a good thing. But how do we take the, the knowledge that we've got? How do we accelerate the past for young professionals to grow quicker in the industry? You don't, a lot of us, we weren't that bright. So it took us 20, 25 years to learn stuff. What I've witnessed is that a lot of, a lot of these young professionals are brilliant. And the world today is digital. It's technical. It's connected. And they understand all that going in the door, where most of us had to learn all that along the way. So I think that the, the path to leadership should be shorter. But along with that leadership, what I think these mentors can provide for you as a, a connectivity to the other people with the knowledge, right? It's kind of a who, not where the bones are buried per se, but, you know, who can help you with that idea? Who can help you accelerate that thing? Who's, who's knowledgeable about that stuff? That's maybe respected in the industry that can share it with you. It's a, it's a sharing of contacts as much as it is direct.  You know, if I think, I think the young professionals have probably more skills than the old professionals. I'm just going to put that out there. So talking about the application process, so they can go online and get that done. Give us, give us, tell us what that's about. How long is the app? What, what are you looking for? It is, I would say it's pretty easy application process in general. You go to the CIA website and then rise. And then time has its own kind of banner and page. You can't miss it, but we'll include the link when we post the video too. And the application is pretty quick. They give some background about, you know, name, position, career, contact information. And then there's some targeted questions just to get to know them better so that we can pair them with mentee applicants who are looking for, you know, the same kind of match up compatible experiences. But there's some questions about, you know, how have, how has an applicant created a space that's really respectful of all identities or really safe? But there's also, you know, questions about why do you, why do you want to be a mentor? Did you have someone in your life that really changed your career? What is your ideal mentee look like? Are there specific areas that you feel you could do really well as a mentor versus maybe areas that you'd like to steer clear from? And we made it, like I said, the program itself is structured, but we made the application structured as well. So that we could really do justice to both applicants on either side and connect them with another individual who's going to make an impact. And so we have individuals from our Diversity and Inclusion Committee that score all of the candidates based on a rubric for their answers. And then we'll do the same for the mentees before we accept them into the program and then we'll match them. But shouldn't take more than, I mean, put thought into it, but it shouldn't take more than like 10, 15 minutes. But the applicants who have come through on the mentor side have been incredible so far. It is so cool to see who's willing and ready to give back. So if you're looking for just a way to connect with anyone in the industry, please apply for time because it's going to be such a cool program. And we're really excited for its inaugural year. I love it. It seems to me that all the programs you guys come over there are just super refreshing. I love it. This is going to be another success. I'm quite sure of that. So we got a few minutes left. Let's do final thoughts, final encouragement, final cost to action maybe from Mark. What's going on, Mark? Yeah, no. So I actually was going to throw out a call to action. That's some good sense you got there, Andrew. Yes. So for anyone that's on the fence of being a mentor or a mentee, I would say don't be afraid. Whatever's holding you back from joining, go ahead and just go for it this year because at the very worst possible outcome, you at least will be making another contact that you have in the industry and that can be invaluable. There's a ton of companies that these days have their own mentor programs. But the unique thing about this is you're going to be paired with someone who could be in a different country, could be on a different side of the country and works in a completely different part of the industry most likely. So I think that's the beauty of the mentorship program and the beauty of RISE is really connecting with all these different people from different backgrounds and really expanding your own network in such a positive and meaningful way. And I'm just so excited to see how we're going to go deeper and wider and further with that in 2021. Awesome. All right, Jake, final thoughts? Yeah, one final call to action is just if you're considering getting involved with RISE, do it because coming from me who's only been involved for less than a year, I feel like I have literally 50 new colleagues who I never even knew existed before. For example, when I shut my computer down the last day of Accelerize, I said to myself, I was like, wow, I have at least 30 people that I will not hesitate to send a note on LinkedIn to and connect to. And if I sell them in person, I'd be able to easily have a conversation with them. So like I said in the very beginning, it's the impact that this community has. Definitely join RISE and definitely get a part of it. Nice. Kelsey, final thoughts? Yeah, I'm just super excited to be part of this and be able to share everything. Thank you again for having us. It's been incredible and I'm so excited for our future podcast. They're going to be awesome. But I would just say I would echo what the rest of the guys said. I would join RISE because as I've said before, it definitely was a very, very impactful opportunity and keep abreast of everything that we're doing because there's a lot that we've done, but there's a lot more that's coming. So probably the best way is the CRISE LinkedIn page and then the website. There's already some events that are loaded up there already. So you can register for those. But the other thing too is just to add to the mentorship program. I feel like in my opinion, everybody needs a mentor, right? And really, it doesn't have to be like a CEO that is the mentor. They could be the mentee and that's the really, really cool part about this time program because I feel like everybody could use some advancement, right? And we learn from each other. So I think that that's the coolest part about this time program and this opportunity because it allows you to be vulnerable, but learn from each other because we're in it together. So I think that's the coolest part. Yeah, and this pandemic showed us we're definitely in this together, right? Erin, final thoughts. I'm really, really excited for everything that that RISE has to hold this year. I think the programs and the initiatives that we're we're trying to champion and trying to put out are hopefully going to benefit a thousand plus people if we have high enough goals. But reach out to us if you want to get involved, if you want to get engaged with us, if you want to participate in something, but you're not really sure or you just want to hear more about the program, the entire committee is super accessible. Reach out to us, find us on LinkedIn, connect with us. Our goal is to simply make your experience in the security industry the best it can be. So even if you have just another idea of something that maybe we can put out, because we have, you know, RISE resources and things, share that with us because all we want to do is make everyone feel part of this industry, like they have a right to be here, help them kind of gain the skills to continue being here and really growing careers. And I don't know, my hope is that in five years, a lot of the people that we've touched this year will will still be part of the industry and hopefully blazing your own trail. So we're pretty excited about it. I love it. I really, really appreciate what you guys are doing. I'm looking forward to it. I'm here to help. And I think CRI is just one of these groups that's going to make a difference and nobody's even calculated yet. So you guys are just getting started and you're really strong. So thank you so much. Check out RISE again, January 19th, 10 a.m. Hawaii time. That'll be noon PST right now. I'm sure you'll see some ads for their upcoming episode on LinkedIn or wherever they post them all. And we look forward to having you guys out. I appreciate you running an episode. And I think it was a great talk today. I hope we got your message out. I think we did. And I look forward to seeing what you do with your upcoming episode. Thank you. All right. Hello, everybody. Take care out there. Have a great January. We'll talk soon.