Thank you very much indeed, Secretary-General Wünsau, ladies and gentlemen. I'm very pleased to be here and together with you discuss this fascinating topic. I think actually right one of these days actually I tried to find the exact time, but I couldn't. Thirty years ago I got my first computer, Amstrad Sir Charlie. It didn't have a hard disk, it only had the floppy disk, you know, it was making a lot of noise. But it was very useful for me. Later I got the hard disk. And then in 1995 when I came to the World Bank and worked in Washington, I got a computer that was connected. It was connected to the internet, Mosaik, this browser, many of you will remember it. And I got email. I couldn't really use it because I only knew one person in Denmark that had email as well. So we emailed a few times and then we kind of gave up a little bit because we couldn't. So I knew one single person in Denmark that had email as well. That was 20 years ago. And I tell this story just to illustrate the technological development that we all know has taken place. It's absolutely astonishing and incredibly fascinating what has happened the past three decades. It has influenced our lives, it has influenced our behavior. We have seen now the full introduction of connected devices, first computer networks, smartphones, keeping us connected. We can even see each other. I remember when I was a kid in school also, we had this innovation project. We should say what was the wildest idea we could think of. And I remember my wildest idea was exactly this, telephones without a cord where you could see each other. And we all laughed and said, oh, never going to happen. It can't be done. And today I talked with my wife half an hour every evening and while I can see her in the eyes. And it's just like we were together. And I'm sure a few years from now when we'll have this seminar, I'll be here but not in person, I'll be here as a hologram. And you won't even be able to notice it. My wife will hopefully notice. But the technological development is just fascinating. But the connectivity is what really brings benefits to the technology that we have. And there's no sign of this slowing down and it's really changing our behavior every single day. And connectivity in vehicles is of course just a logical consequence of this development. And it's the connectivity in vehicles that will really bring the benefits of modern technology to the transport sector. Just like the Samstratt 30 years ago, very useful. But when it came connected, it became enormously powerful. This will take time. There's one billion cars on the road today. Many of you know better than I. But only 20, 25 million of them are connected in some way or the other. And it is traffic messaging channels or e-calls. That's the main connectivity out there right now. So there's a long way to go. If you stand down here on the highway, you count 40 cars coming by. Only one of them will probably be connected in one way or the other. And if you in the US, studies have shown, even if you in the US really made it mandatory to make connectivity for cars, the projection is that 8, 10 years from now, only one out of two cars would be connected. So there's a long way to go. And there's a long transition now where we on the road will have connected cars and non-connected cars going along side by side for a long time. And that is one of the challenges that we have to tackle. And that's why we really need to look into both benefits and risks of all this new technology. And the various stages. There will be vehicle-to-vehicle communication. There will be vehicle-to-infrastructure. There will be vehicle-to-other things in the, for instance, vulnerable road users. All these types of connectivity will come together. And we need to analyze it closely. And we need to understand what benefits there will be and what risks we will have. Especially because, as said, for long term, we'll have connected cars and non-connected cars and other vehicles on the road at the same time. But there are enormous benefits to be taken out of it. We can get a lot of information in a car that our brain and our body cannot collect as fast as the technology can. We will be able to understand the surroundings, the vehicles around us much better. We will be able to drive safer. We will be able to avoid accidents. Car accidents is one of the biggest killers in the world. Online with HIV, AIDS or malaria, 1.25 million people are killed every year. And 20 times as many are injured on roads. Hundreds of thousands of kids every year are killed because they try to get to school and back again. And the connected cars can help us to solve some of these very tragic problems of the transport sector. This is what you will explore here today. Another option, how cars can become closer, more efficient. We can save CO2. We can tackle climate change. The connected car and autonomous cars can bring a lot of benefits. But we also need to deal with the very difficult questions. And I know you will do so along the way. As the Secretary General already said it, a connected car and a more autonomous car will make the driver even less attentive at the moment where he or she perhaps should be attentive. Because you trust the car and then you just speak on your phone and do the computer or whatever. So there can be also problems of road safety with connectivity. There will be a number of issues, cyber security, ITU being a strong knowledge platform on some of these issues. Because we need to make sure that cars are taken over by terrorists or attacks that will certainly allow them to create big scale problems in our transport system and attack the transport system and the vulnerable parts of it. I have the most modern computer here today and still it breaks down once in a while. Every second day I have a problem and the connectivity and I have to reboot it and whatever. And rebooting a car while you are moving at 200 kilometers an hour perhaps on a German highway is not going to be an easy task. So we need to be really aware of all these problems. And that's why here we need regulation of the new technology. And we need to make sure that the new technology allows us to operate together but also allows us to operate reliably and safe. So here we are at the Motor Show in Geneva. You all came here to see the cars but I also hope that you will come back to Geneva to make the necessary regulation and the legal framework that can allow these cars to really operate. So come back to Geneva again with this purpose and I know many of you will because here you have ITU and the standardization body working on issues of telecommunications. And you have with UNECE not only 58 transport connections many of which needs to be updated. The UNECE are hosting the UN transport connection conventions for historical reasons. There are 58 of them not all to do with vehicles and cars but many of them have. And there are complex issues here that we need to deal with in the conventions on driver behavior, infrastructure, traffic rules, liability issues, complex issues that need to be solved to really bring benefits of this new technology. And then we host, as it was mentioned already by the Secretary General, the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations. The only worldwide body doing vehicle regulations with participants from all over the world. And they are already now addressing a number of these issues on automated and future autonomous driving cars. These regulations are made with the best experts in the world coming together here in Geneva and finding the best solutions and it's very necessary. I know many countries are tempted. They want to be first runners. They want to be the first countries to get autonomous vehicles on the road and thereby get their industry to gain a competitive advantage. But I would warn against it. Do not develop a piecemeal approach to regulation around in the world in order to promote it. Come together in Geneva and let's do it together. Because only then can we really reap the benefits of connectivity for all cars and for all drivers and for all citizens around in the world. So come back next week. The World Forum for Vehicle Regulations will meet. There are a lot of issues there. They are looking at the road safety and they are looking at automation of the cars already. Next week there's another opportunity to come together and make sure that we have the legal and the infrastructure framework to promote the fascinating new cars, connected cars, automated cars. It's a fascinating world out there but please make sure that we work together to make it happen and inspire us at this symposium. Come up with your best ideas and your most difficult questions and then let's work together to solve them. I wish you all a very good symposium. Thank you very much for coming.


I even left reviews for my own hot sauce. This one says, I feel alive again, Sam from Kentucky. It's all completely fake though. Hi, I'm Beryl. I'm a filmmaker turned YouTuber on my channel. I cook dishes from all around the world, along with my subscribers who submit them to me. And today I'm gonna show you guys what's inside my fridge. I think a lot of times when people open their fridges, it is a story of the foods that they eat themselves. For me, my fridge is a story of what the world is eating and what the world cares about eating. And so the ingredients in my fridge are obviously quite representative of that. So there's a lot of cool condiments in there. This is Maggie Hot and Sweet. It's like a tomato chili sauce and it is so good on everything. That's it, just everything. This came to me by way of my husband who's Indian and he introduced this to me when we first started dating and it's just a staple in our house. Chef's kiss, it's so good. My favorite item in my fridge right now is actually something that I honestly just discovered from a video that came out last week. It's this fish pickle. I felt a little bit apprehensive when I first bought it.  No, it's so beautiful. Like the flavors are balanced. It is really good in sauces and like even to dip things in like, yeah. The thing that I have the most is definitely hot sauces and or things to add heat to your food. So that includes pickle, Indian pickle especially. So I have all of this. I have some sambals. This is banana ketchup, peri peri. Dill pickle hot sauce, classic chili paste, green chili pickle, red chili pickle. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. That's like a lot of my fridge. I do have a couple of ingredients that I've needed for one recipe and then I'm kind of stuck with them for lack of a better term where I just don't really know what else to do with them. Exhibit number one, cuttlefish ink. I don't know what to do with this. I made cuttlefish ink risotto from Croatia once and now I have an entire jar of cuttlefish ink. One day I will come up with something else to do with this. Until then, it lives in my fridge. Okay, so this shrimp paste is something that I bought for a mango episode that I did where in the Philippines you dip raw green mango into the shrimp paste. It is a very strong flavor. So eating it just out of the jar was, it was an experience. New York City is a really amazing place because you can find a grocery store for nearly every culture. So there is a Filipino market that I like called Johnny Air Market that's down on the Lower East Side. The guys who work there are super nice. They have everything there. There's a lot of Indian grocery stores that are near my house. Up in Queens, you can find all sorts of Asian supermarkets. You can find pretty much everything you need which makes me able to do what my show is. I have an episode coming up where the concept of it has changed my mind where I've told people foods that I don't like and I've asked them to submit recipes from their cultures that they think will change my mind about that ingredient. And so the current one is Bitter Gourd. Just like the name implies, it's incredibly bitter. Honestly, I don't really like this. And so I have been cooking it from different countries around the world to try to find a iteration of it that I do like. Okay, this isn't fancy, but technically it's expensive because it came all the way from Jordan. My sister goes to Jordan for work. She runs a school there. And my favorite food from Jordan are these pickled vegetables and she brought them back for me recently. So it's pickled turnips, peppers, celery, and cucumbers. My spice drawer is insane, by the way. It's absolutely bonkers. I have real saffron in my spice drawer. This is, I covet this. This is the red bean paste. This is for a Japanese toast recipe that I did. It was called Ogura toast. It was good. Very good. So I have worm salt and I actually also have grasshoppers called chapulinas. And this was from a video of food and drink pairings around the world. This tastes really good. The worm salt is really nice. Corn grits. I actually made shrimp and grits from the Galagici tribe in the Southern United States for a episode on dishes that I wish you knew instead of just the stereotypes of what people think about. So I eat a lot of instant noodles on my channel. I love instant noodles and I think it's really cool how you can dress them up and make them be so many different things. And somebody sent me these instant noodles from Malaysia and the flavor is really different than the other Maggie noodles that I've had. There's a lot of different spices on this so it's got a really robust flavor packet in it. There's one ingredient that I traveled about an hour and a half to get because I could not find it but I kept getting recipes that needed it again and again. And it's a plant called pandan. In essence, it's just this beautiful big leaf and I ended up finding it in this tiny, tiny little shop next to these kind of trucking depots. I have fresh rotis from my mother-in-law in India. She sent them to us and I try to use them sparingly because it's a very limited amount but I love these. Another plant that I keep in my freezer are lime leaves and these are really common in Thai cooking and Indian cooking again. And the flavor that these lime leaves give is so, so beautiful but they're very hard to find so when I find them, I buy a bunch and then I keep them frozen, which is okay to do. Smells really good. I mean, I'm sure there's a lot of stuff that's expired in here. I don't really believe in expiration dates in the same way. I just feel like it's a guideline but like a sauce doesn't really expire unless it's full of mold. Like I just, I'm not buying it. Like, okay, this, this could be expired. This hot curry paste could be expired. This is old. Okay, okay, this is really old. This is really old. Okay, technically this expired in 2013 but hear me out. It still smells good and there's no mold. It's just a dried paste. So like, can it really expire? I mean, maybe. Oh, I do have this in my fridge. I forgot the ever-dreaded Vegemite.  Obviously, Vegemite came up. I used one spread of it and it's just been sitting now ever since. What else are you supposed to do with Vegemite? I thought that maybe I should clean the fridge before you guys came and then I, and then I didn't. I just kind of feel like it is what it is. Here's my fridge, you know? With a big bowl of chilies. I did put them in a bowl. This is one of my favorite things. It's sweet pickled garlic and it's whole cloves but it's really, really good. And like, I honestly can eat like five or six cloves just like popping back like a tic-tac. Like, this is a big clove, right? That's so good. I have this jar of tiny dried shrimp and it's just in a random jar so the jar gives no help as to like where these are from. I don't remember what I used them in or how I used them. So if anybody who has seen any of my episodes remembers, please let me know in the comments because I have completely forgotten at this point. These are homemade pickled jalapenos. That's in the very back. But they're almost done because we do eat them a lot. My mom made them for my husband. That's why they're called rudgets pickled jalapenos. I have a couple interesting pieces of produce in my fridge. For example, green mangoes. These are really popular in a lot of South Asian dishes. This is the pork floss. It is salty and like a dehydrated pork. It also has like a little bit of sweetness. It looks like cotton candy almost but it's made out of pork. The pork floss is really, really good and definitely not something to be scared of. Like I'm in my fridge for work. Do you know what I mean? Like my fridge exists as part of my office and so I'm in it and I'm interacting with the foods in it all the time. I was a little bit surprised that I had something in there that expired in 2013 because that does feel pretty ancient. I honestly feel quite connected to all the foods in my fridge because I've used them and I've learned about them in such an intimate way from people that they don't exist just as foods. They exist as part of a story and as part of somebody's culture that I've been invited to learn about. Thank you guys so much for watching my fridge story and I hope that you feel inspired to try something new or maybe explore a supermarket in your area that you haven't been to. If you wanna see more of me cooking with ingredients like you've seen, you can check out my channel. It's just my name, Beryl Cherishovsky. You can even misspell it and you'll probably find me and don't forget to subscribe to The Spruce Eats to see more videos like this.


Hi everybody, I'm Ed Baker and it's my pleasure today to welcome you to ARC or the Addiction Recovery Channel. ARC is a channel that is devoted to people with substance use disorder or really anybody who cares about a person with substance use disorder. We're here to help you to understand what brain addiction is, to help raise consciousness. To be a part of this ground swell of compassion that we see in our communities today for people suffering from this disease. It's my pleasure today to introduce our guest. Our guest today is Cliff Baumann. Thank you Eddie, it's a pleasure to be here. Thank you Cliff, it's a pleasure to have you here. It's estimated today that there are approximately 23 million people in recovery from addiction. What's interesting is that this has been a relatively silent population up until recently. More recently people in recovery are speaking out and that's the purpose of Cliff's visit with us today. And I guess I would like to just start right there. I'd like to know Cliff what is it that's driving you, that's motivating you to come and speak in a public forum about something as personal as recovery. Absolutely Eddie, thanks for asking that question. It's a great starting point. For about a year and a half into recovery I was kind of living in the shadows of recovery, working my program, trying to stay clean and doing a lot of things for myself and not necessarily reaching out to others as much as I would have liked to. And now I'm seeing all of this news on TV, the opioid epidemic. And I'm hearing these incredibly hurtful stories of folks who pass away as a result of using opiates and who have lifetime struggles with these addictions. And it's not often that I see represented in the news around TV a positive story of recovery. People who have been able to find a way to overcome addiction and move on and be able to start their lives. So I want people to know that that's possible. Thank you, thank you. We are right with you on that. I'd like to thank you for your courage. I'd like to recognize your courage and your concern. It's not an easy task to come and speak about, again, matters that are so personal. So let's begin there. Let's take a look at your journey as a young man. And what was it like at the time when you first began to realize that substance use was a serious problem for you? That's a great question. So it took many years for me to reach what I like to call a breaking point or a rock bottom. And basically for me that looked like desperation. I was desperate to overcome what I was dealing with, the depression, anxiety, and move on with my life and be able to do something positive. And so I had struggled with addiction since I was around 13 or 14. And as a lot of people say it started with smoking pot and alcohol and those kinds of things. And then eventually progressed throughout high school and then also into college. And I had a few run-ins with the law in high school. Nothing too serious. But most of all I realized the problem was inside me. So I was in college and it was junior year. And I was getting good grades. I had a difficult course of study. And at the same time I was seriously struggling with my addictive personality, especially with regard to drugs. I started using harder drugs and led me into a period of depression, very severe depression and anxiety. I couldn't look at myself in the mirror anymore and see who I thought I was supposed to be. It's a poignant beginning to your story. Would you say that, I want to diverge for a second because you made an interesting point that you started with one drug that there's a lot of publicity now called a recreational drug. And then you went on to other more serious or more harmful types of behaviors. What was that like? Was that a gradual progression? Were you aware? Did you have consciousness of the fact that you were getting worse, that your symptoms, your addiction was gaining power in your life? Or was it something that was subtle? Very good question. Before now I haven't really thought about whether that was a subtle transition or something that just hit me abruptly. And I was like, okay, this is getting to be too much. Now that I think of it, I think it was more of a subtle transition because throughout college I started using ecstasy, cocaine, and eventually, and it was over a period of a couple of years, I think from freshman year in college to junior year, where I would have these bouts of maybe using on the weekend and then stopping for two or three weeks, maybe I had a test to study for or something, and then I'd go right back to it. And eventually I started, when I had these bouts they became longer and they were much less spaced out than they were before. And so I was really getting into some deep stuff and it's almost like there was kind of a block. I couldn't really see that what I was turning into. I think my initial signal was my friend's reactions and my reactions to other people. And I felt like I wasn't liked as much and I got really self-conscious about that. Sure, that makes a lot of sense. I think one of the tricks that addiction plays on people with addiction is we all have internal processes that defend us from feeling emotions that are uncomfortable, even if they're associated with the truth about us. So sometimes we'll avoid the truth about us. In this case, there's an addiction developing. So as we avoid it, the addiction has free reign to in fact get worse. It was concerned friends that brought to your attention that, hey, you're not the cliff that we know. What's up with you? Is that kind of what began to happen? Yeah, essentially that's what happened. It's not to say that the friends that I had were overly concerned or it was very obvious to them that I was changing. I feel like it was a little more obvious to myself in that hanging out with these friends, I didn't get the same reactions as I used to. I didn't feel like I was included as much in parties or events. So I would just end up going home and using substances by myself. And that's where I began to find pleasure and I think that's where the isolation began. Sure, one of the hallmarks of addiction is isolation. And it's interesting because I think what you're saying is, what I'm hearing you say is that the reason their responses resonated with you was largely because you were asking yourself the same questions. Why don't I look like me in the mirror? What is going on here? What is up? How did you eventually, that's the question you have to answer before you get motivated to move into recovery. How did you answer that question? Did you need help to answer that? How did you answer that question? It was maybe the biggest question of my life and I definitely needed help. I could not see that I needed help. I was absolutely desperate. I think the most desperate I felt in my life. I had plenty of support from family. They know what I've gone through for a long time. But they also knew that I wasn't actively seeking any help for a long time. And so they kind of let me do my own thing. So I had to figure this out by myself over years that something was up. And eventually, junior year of college, I had a breakdown over winter break. It was a very dark period of my life and I got very desperate. I ended up going to see a therapist and I told her what was going on. And I just kind of let it all out. I just told the truth, admitted that I was really having a hard time trying to balance school and then my addicted life, which was a huge part of my life at that time too. So I was told that I was essentially leading a double life. And something about that phrase double life that clicked with me. And I saw that I'm expending more energy than I need to. I have these motivations with academics but at the same time I'm sort of counteracting them with my substance use and I didn't feel like I was going anywhere. So it was a therapist. First of all, it was what you called desperation. Or we could call it motivation. It got you to break through. A lot of people like to say it's denial. But it doesn't really sound like denial. It sounds like reluctance or shame or the inability or not knowing how to reach out for help. I don't think it's people really denying that there's something going on with them. They just don't know what to do. So you broke through that and you actually became motivated enough to reach out to a therapist. She helped you? Yes. She helped me by introducing me to... I was a junior at the University of Vermont. And she opened up the avenue for me to speak with the director of the campus recovery program at UVM. And I had no idea that existed. I didn't know that it could help me. That was the last thing I thought that getting into this program would be the start of a new beginning. But I reached out to my therapist and she connected me with someone in recovery who was in this campus recovery program. He was a post-bachelorette student. And after meeting and having coffee with him, I began to feel less alone. I instantly felt, well, this person has been through what I've been through. And now they're getting help too. So maybe I can do that. And they're going on to do great things. They're going to graduate school. Maybe I can do that. And that's what this is about. That's sending that word out there to the general public. Maybe there's some young people out there or any people out there. They could be college students or just other people with addiction who will hear you and say, hey, maybe I can do that. You know, one thing, one thought that you've kind of provoked in me is that we hear a lot about and research will show and validate that availability drives use. If there's a lot of a drug available, people will tend to use it more. Availability drives use. We've seen this many, many times. Isn't the same thing true with help? Doesn't availability drive seeking help? Like in your case, that happened to be available in the school setting, a campus recovery network. Counselor is available to you where you could go and you could reach out. Absolutely. Absolutely. So after I took that step, like I said, I had no idea that this existed.  And these programs are popping up all over the country, which is really nice. I'd really like to see that. But it didn't seem like it was tremendously openly available to students. I didn't see posters or signs or advertisements. But, you know, it turned out to be very accessible. It was right in the Davis Center at UVM, this big building with a ton of events and programs meet there. And so I walk in there and it's this nice studio, comfortable places to sit down and we meet in a circle and we meet for about an hour a week and we talk about our experience in recovery and we go through different articles related to recovery. And it's really a promotion of just bringing students together to talk about their shared experiences and the struggles of being a college student, being around so much partying. Yeah. Availability. The things that are available to us sometimes can drive our behaviors. So it must not be, I mean, for you, for your story, Cliff, you must continuously be faced with the opportunity to use substances. What is it like to be a person in recovery? How long are you in recovery now, if I might ask? Yeah, of course. So my sobriety date is May 12th, 2016. Okay. So I've been in recovery for a little over 17 months. Okay. And it gets easier as time goes on. I will say that. But, you know, when I was just starting out in recovery, I didn't think that I would have relief from my depression. I didn't think I'd have relief from my anxiety. I no longer had these avenues to help fix these problems that I used before. Substances. So I needed to redevelop or focus on different habits that would keep me sober and keep me away from a drug. And so I, you know, luckily I was still in school, so there was a plan laid out for me there. You know, these syllabi I had to follow in these classes and these exams. So getting in a routine is often very helpful for me. And being in recovery, it's not easy, but life is so much better for me than what it was before. Just like the amount of joy and happiness I experience on a daily basis. Like just waking up. But I decided to wake up in the morning with a coffee and do a crossword. And like, you know, I'm actually living and I don't have to constantly worry about, you know, the next way to suppress this feeling, you know, the next way to procure this drug or something, to feel a different way. I find different things to help with that. That's so beautiful.  And the general public really doesn't understand the extent of that. How deep that rungs.  When you get to that certain point where you reach what we call addiction, it's from Friday afternoon to Friday afternoon. Right. 24-7. Right. And the interests that you would normally be drawn to, the healthy interests in life, relationships, hobbies. You know, endeavors, there are different types of things that excite us.  It takes, like, it's been, would you say, 17 months now? Maybe 18 months of recovery?  The old cliff. When you look in the mirror, I'll bet you know who you're looking at. I do. Tell us a little bit about that guy that you see in the mirror today. It's a good question. What's going on with you? A lot of good things. You know, I can now look in the mirror and feel comfortable with who I am as a person rather than who I want to be or who I perceive myself to be or what I think I should be. You know, when I was in active addiction or when I was using substances and alcohol, when I was addicted, I couldn't really see. Like you said, my brain was essentially hijacked. The chemistry in my brain was thrown off in such a way that the things that used to interest me, for instance, playing drums. I was very interested in herpetology, studying snakes and reptiles. I'd always go out in the woods, go on hiking trips and stuff. I lost these. I enjoyed them so much when I was a kid and that was not an instant gratification. That was a long-term happiness that I had. I could spend hours at a time and then nights looking forward to doing it the next day. And with substances, not only did I lose that, but they precipitated the depression, the anxiety, the negative feelings, the loss of relationships.  No, no, no. You're describing it perfectly. It becomes global. Right. It becomes your world and you can't get out of it. But with recovery, you recover your old interests. You recover the potential for health in your brain. And you were just describing some things that are important to you today, like playing the drums, herpetology, which I think is wonderful how different individuals will find something that's unique to them. Because that's the way their brain operates.  What is it that... Tell us a little bit about what you're studying in school. Well, what is that like? Your academic pursuits. Right now I am pursuing a master's degree in medical science at the University of Vermont. When I was an undergrad, I majored in dietetics and nutrition. I've always been interested in health and wellness. I exercise a lot. I do yoga. I cook. I'm very interested in how the body functions as an individual who is affected by these outside circumstances, environment and how we eat and how we socialize. All of this affects our health. So I'm very interested in becoming a physician. I'd love to eventually be able to treat patients holistically, rather than just focusing on a one-time fix it, take a medication, get better for a short period, then you get these side effects. And you're not really looking at the root cause of the problem. I think what our society needs is more of a preventative approach in looking at, okay, what are these behaviors and habits that are developing early on that lead to diseases and conditions? And can we, you know, later in life, when these diseases occur, can we look back and say, oh, how can we treat these? Can we change, alter someone's diet? Can we help with their exercise patterns? Do you think prescribing medications in certain circumstances is extremely important? Of course, of course. So do you think that your journey into and out of addiction will help you to understand your clients and your patients as you move forward? Absolutely. I think, you know, I think I'd look at a patient in a completely different way. I think that I, you know, I would be able to see through the outside, you know, appearance and what they seem to be going through and just sort of open my heart and be able to share in a common struggle of an experience. You know, I struggled physically. I struggled mentally. And I know that I knew that through, you know, different, getting help in different kinds of ways. Eventually, I was able to not be cured in a sense, but to be treated in a healthy way throughout my life. And I want to bring that to other people. I think that's a beautiful and concise description, Cliff. Now, what you just mentioned is really interesting. When you said not be cured, to me that triggers a whole line of thought. So the idea of not being cured, what exactly does that mean? So I like to think of it as if I were to go back to using, say one day I just decide, oh, I want to take a drink, or I want to go back to the pipe. I know, because it's happened to be before, that if I do that, this is a progressive illness. If I do that, it'll be worse than the time it was before. Meaning that the high is going to be shorter, the come down is going to be longer. And I've seen this happen to myself. I told you May 12 was my sobriety date. Well, my original sobriety date was sometime in March. And so I relapsed once. And when I relapsed, it started out with one pill. That's it. And it eventually led to my drug of choice, methamphetamine. And I saw that progression more clearly that instance than I ever had before. I just think that is such an essential point for people to understand about addiction, that if you pass the line and you develop what we call brain addiction, that clearly, clearly all the research in the world shows that the safest course of life for you is to abstain from psychoactive chemicals. It's not the kind of thing where you have a 10-year addiction, you become sober for 10 years, and all of a sudden you can start drinking bourbon because you haven't drank bourbon for 10 years. The research shows that there's certain brain pathways that are dormant and they can be reignited with the introduction of a psychoactive chemical. So this is really important for people in recovery to understand, and I think it's really important for the general public to understand. So if you're having a party at your house, you can probably bet that there'll be a few people coming that are in recovery from alcoholism or some addiction. You may not know it because people don't broadcast it, but let's have some drinks that are non-alcoholic. Let's not make people feel uncomfortable if they're not drinking. Let's have some consideration. People do it with people who just eat vegan foods or have to have a special diet. You'll see more and more menus accustomed to that. Let's do that with substances too. Let's welcome people who choose to abstain. And most people, I do believe that most people in recovery learn that lesson the difficult way. Every person's fondest desire is that some day they'll be able to use something casually or socially. They attempt to do it, and lo and behold, is very often a relapse. And sometimes if a person relapses and is reluctant to seek help again, the outcome can be death. Right, absolutely. So if you wanted to speak a little bit now specifically to your peer group out there, what would you say to them? You know, I would say, before I entered into recovery, I couldn't see. I had no idea that I could change. I could change the way I was acting, the way I had been acting for years. I was always that curious kid trying to hang out with the older kids and trying to be cool. And I couldn't see that there was another way of life. And that's because the way my brain is wired is to... I have an addictive personality.  And I like to use drugs and substances to mask my feelings. I like to. So I would say, you know, once you do get help, once you break that barrier, there is another life out there waiting for you. You can turn around, you can change. It's absolutely possible. And don't be afraid to ask for help because although it may seem that no one cares or that no one, you know, wants to help, helping other people is a part of my recovery. Like, I need to help other people because it brings me back to the time that I was in their situation. I desperately needed help. And talking with young folks in recovery helps me stay sober myself because I get to relive those experiences, see where I went wrong, and what I've done since then. Thank you. Thank you, Cliff. I think that's one of the main messages for the audience today, that out there, there are many, many people who understand this disease. There are many people waiting and willing to open their door to help you. We'll put up a couple of slides now for college students in Vermont and also for college students nationwide. And we'll put up some slides for public information as far as getting help for people with addiction.  We understand also that it's not easy. I don't want to give the impression that I think it's easy to break through shame or break through reluctance or break through fear and expose that vulnerable part of yourself that needs help. We know it's not easy, but we would just ask you to listen, to feel the message that we're trying to communicate to you. We do care. And we want you to reach out when you're ready and we'll be here for you. Thank you. Thank you.