I'm Michelle Patterson and the July What's Neat starts right now. The What's Neat Show is sponsored by Caboose, sharing our passion for trains since 1938. This is the What's Neat Show for July of 2018. I'm your host Ken Patterson and this month we've got a really good show. First of all we take a look at Steve Mann's wonderful Chicago Northwestern layout in Acho scale. It's so big it's got open pit mining. We also take a peek at Bill White's gorgeous G scale layout. We built this one indoors and absolutely tricked it out with detail. For layout construction this month, I built a brand new lift out section for my main entrance way on my layout, something functional and small and I really like how it came out this month for the segment of construction for What's Neat. Also the last thing we look at is Ron Perry. He comes all the way down here from Canada and shows us a beautiful Chinese architecture type building that he had built using photographs. You also see this gorgeous auto rack next to me right here. This is a G scale, 129 scale auto rack, something I've never seen before that looked fantastic in my layout room and we do an outdoor photo shoot expose with this this month and five others to go with it. One thing I do want to say is thank you so much to our sponsor Caboose out in Lakewood, Colorado. You know that wonderful train store where so many customers have stopped in and said they've heard about the store on What's Neat. So if you're coming through the state to go to the NMRA national or if you're just on a summer vacation in Colorado, be sure to check them out. Caboose in Lakewood, Colorado, customer service, absolute fantastic. And that's the lineup for this show for July 2018 What's Neat. For this layout construction segment of What's Neat, I built this four foot long lift out section for my layout about five or six years ago and I did a video on one of the previous What's Neat shows on this but I'm kind of tired of it. Now it's made out of foam which is wrapped in plywood and it's bullet proof and it's never warped. But as you've seen me build other lift out sections in the past year or so, we've discovered there's simpler, easier ways to build it and I really don't need scenery here. So the plan is I'm going to take this section out and I want to replace it with a section that's made out of simple three quarter inch plywood. I want it to be about four inches wide. I might stain it and finish it but I'm really more concerned with simplicity. I want to simply be able to lift it out, put it back into place, drop in my wire leads and run a train right away. And plus, if it's only four inches wide, it should be a lot easier to duck under than something like this. So let's see how this segment turns out. I started the project by removing the old lift out section. It was held into place by four door hinges and pins. Removing the pins frees this section from the layout. I also unplugged the microphone jack which brings power to this section. I thought I would use this same door hinge technique to attach the new sections into the layout but this plan changed as you will see further into this video. I placed the lift out section on my workbench and covered it up with a scrap piece of brown packing paper. I then pinned the paper into place on top of the module so that it would not move around. As I used a crayon to mark through the paper, exactly where the rail tops run through the seam. Creating a template of sorts of the complete track flow on the diorama. I cut this template to shape using scissors, making the right of way about five inches wide. I then taped the template into a three quarter inch thick piece of plywood and marked the lines two inches away from the center of the rails to the outside of the wood where we will cut the wood making the shape of our new lift out section about five inches wide. Then using a jigsaw, I cut the new lift out section out of the plywood. I test fit this into place and drew final marking lines with a pencil underneath just to ensure a perfect fit into its location. Now note the T ends on the plywood. This was a hinge mounting platform and as you will see on later on in this video, I cut those off because again, plans on this project seem to change constantly as I develop my ideas on building this on the fly. I used one by four dimensional lumber forming the uprights, which will form our foundation for the lift out section level and smooth. I placed a piece of track onto the new lift out section and the rail heights matched up exactly perfect on both sides. As we are heading in the right direction so far on this project. I did go back and cut off those T wings that we were talking about on the plywood. I cut them off of each end as these will not be necessary. I created a lap joint which will allow the lift out section to sit atop of the existing wood base in the area and eliminate any side to side movement. This was clamped until the glue dried. I did this to both ends making a solid and smooth transition for the track. I attached the lift out plywood to the one by four base with wood screws and wood glue. I also attached the lap joint plywood to the one by four with wood screws and glues performing this process on both sides of the lift out section. I then drilled two three-eighths inch holes through the three-quarter inch plywood. These holes will be the attachment method using three-eighths inch steel pins that I found at the hardware store. These pins fit through the holes making for a very strong attachment point to the existing plywood on my layout. Now moving back to the workbench I ran quarter inch oak plywood cut to fit along both sides of the lift out section forming a protective wall in the event that a freight car would fall over. It came out to be about a half of an inch high and it flowed perfectly with the main line on both sides of the module. This was held into place with screws and glues and a lot of clamps to help along. I then stained the wood to match my studio's color theme and then applied four coats of polyurethane to the wood to seal it. Wet sanding between coats for a smooth finish. This clear coat will prevent any warpage of the wood from the humidity in the area by the door as this lift out section spans almost five feet and I do not want it to warp. I soldered together two sections of track being about a foot longer than what we will need for the area so that I could form a smooth and flowing curve when bent into place on top of the newly placed lift out section. I cut the track to fit with a flush cutting track nipper. Once I had the track curved to match the adjoining modules, I attached the track with a painter's knife and a smooth coat of DAP quick seal plus flexible adhesive to hold things into place. I then carefully set the track into this glue, carefully lining up the ends of the rails perfectly on both ends to match. At this point everything's got to be perfect before the glue cures. You've got a good 30 minutes to work with it, but the glue did cure and clear in about two hours. I then masked the lift out section with masking tape, leaving only the track exposed. I painted the track with a little bit of Rust-Oleum Coma-Flage Brown spray paint. Removing the tape revealed our newly weathered main line. Turning my attention to bringing power into the lift out section, I made a small box from scrap pieces of quarter inch oak plywood holding this together with wood glue. I drilled a hole into the wood box to accept a two conductor plug-in quarter inch microphone jack. Screwing the nut on tight with a nut driver, the female jack is now mounted permanently into our new wooden box. I drilled two small holes through the wood to accept power feed wires, soldered to the track. The other ends of the two inch wires were soldered to the terminals on the female microphone jack in our wood box. Now the box will fit perfectly up under the module and will be glued into place, ready to accept power when the quarter inch male power connector is plugged up into the box, providing current to our new lift out section. I applied Woodland Scenic's fine gray ballast through the main line right away and carefully worked this into the ties with an artist brush. I then glued the ballast into place by dribbling directly out of the bottle the Woodland Scenic Scenic Cement, directly onto the center of the track and allowing it to permeate the ballast and soak its way to the outsides. This worked really well with no mess. I allowed about four hours for this to dry and when it was dry it held the ballast firm into place just like cement. And just like that I had a new and simple lift out section, held into place with steel pins, making for a fast removal or install, winding the rails up perfectly every time and being easy to duck under. Another successful and functional project and that ends this layout construction segment of What Sneed. For this segment of What Sneed I've got Ron Perry all the way from Canada and Ron's brought a lot of an array of beautiful buildings here, brick buildings, frame buildings and this building that represents a building that's in China, an actual prototype that you build from photographs. And I think what you've captured on this that I want you to talk about Ron is the lack of building codes, the fact that you absolutely captured it. Look at the tile wall. Look at the individual tiles one at a time, right? Yeah, yeah, yeah. Tell me about the stucco that you made for those tiles, the grout. The grout is made from basic dirt, dust. It's not dirt, it's the dust that's on the dirt.  It's not the stuff at the bottom of the bucket you're looking for. So you pour that yellow water off and save that because that's the good stuff. You want the sediment? Yeah, the sediment.  Yeah, it takes days and days but you can get lots of it all in one shot. And that's how you made the grout and did you put individual, it's a styrene? Yep, styrene. So 12 by 12 tiles. Now it looks like they needed to do an addition so they literally built another house on top of another room on top of the roof of this house and you captured that effect I mean very well. Thank you. Down to the tarp, the blue tarp and the weights to hold it down. And this is the architecture that you see in China. And I can only say that it's a lack of building codes. It creates such a beautiful array of architecture in one piece like this. Yeah, it's a real mosaic. Tell us about the stucco on this side. How did you do that? So for this side I laid down some weld bond glue like I always do because it's perfectly clear and if it doesn't show like if you don't get enough dirt on it, the glue doesn't show white or opaque, right? So you put your weld bond glue on, you put a little bit of your soot dirt. I don't know what to call it yet. I don't know. And then you spray it with wet water, which is water with glycerin or dish soap. And that will pull the glue through the dirt and then, you know, you let it dry and that's what you get. Boy Ron, thank you for sharing this. Now I know you all see other buildings in the background and we're going to talk about those in the August What's Need, right? Right. So thanks for coming by, Ron. Thank you. For this segment of What's Need, I'm with Steve Mann in Aurora, Colorado. And I got to tell you what, Steve, I am looking at my dream layout in your house. You've got a double-decker layout here that captures everything that I see in mining. I see the Midwest. I see Nebraska. I see various segments of the country here. Tell us about the spectacular layout. It's a model basically after the Chicago Northwestern. It has the kind of the Midwest, a lot of the industries, meatpacking plant, a lot of grain elevators, just all sorts of switching on that part. As I kind of move west, I get out to Wyoming and I've got coal mine and run-through trains that I do. The layout is really designed as an operating layout. So I usually have nine or 10 people running trains and just try to keep everybody busy. I love this little neighborhood over here with all the houses in it. It seems like we got the detail up front and the trains in the back. It's a perfect spot to put a neighborhood. And tell me about this P&H mining machine. I see this mine. Yeah, the mine I bought years ago, I got it on the internet. It's a diecast shovel and I just wanted to kind of add more detail to the mine and make it a reason for the mine being there. On my layout, I have an open area on my second level that has no place to put a mountain to hide a pillar, because I have a metal pillar in there. And so I have a coal mine here and I decided to have a coal loader with the big silo here. And I decided the way to hide the other one is put a second silo next to it and then put the conveyors going up to them. So I had to split the back of the PVC pipe. This is a large PVC pipe and so I could kind of wrap it around the pole. And it's just very simple and I put a little weathering on to make it look like they pour the concrete in layers and to give it something a little bit unique. No, that's fantastic. I love these little towns and you've got this valence lighting underneath. Tell me about that. Yeah, we just took regular utility lights and took them apart and just stretched out the fluorescent bulbs. So that actually gives me about 10 feet for each utility light. Han, what era is this? It's the mid-90s, so it's before the Northwestern was acquired by the UP. So when you guys get together and operate this, about how many hours? We'll run probably four hours at a time. This is an awesome layout. Now have you been on a tour recently for anything in Colorado? NMRA, narrow gauge. Well, we had the national narrow gauge was here in Colorado and I had my house open house for that. Was involved in a Rocky Ops session where we had people operating from different parts of the country and mine was one of the layouts on that tour. Man, I love this layout. Thank you so much for sharing this with us for the viewers of What's Neat. Okay, thank you. Hello, this is Michael Gross and you're watching What's Neat with Ken Patterson. For this segment of What's Neat, I'm outside doing a photo shoot today with some beautiful models, something we've never seen on the show before. Now, I'm using a 12 foot long diorama that I built better than 15 years ago and never have finished or had a reason to use it until today. So I plan on ballasting and finishing the grass and making this look beautiful on a future show. But check out the models that are sitting on this diorama. These are large scale, 129 scale auto racks, fully enclosed auto racks, detail, chain, end doors that open, see through screens. Who knew that beautiful models like this existed in our hobby? This is something that's available from Trains USA out of Massachusetts. They've got a nice website, but check out these models, how nice they could look on a mantle or in a layout room. You don't have to have a garden railroad to appreciate something like this. And I had to share it with you because that's the whole point of the show. When I find something really exciting, I got to talk about it and this is cool. So I just wanted to share this with you on what's neat. For this segment of what's neat, I've got Bill White here in Littleton, Colorado. And I'm looking at his gorgeous indoor G scale layout. I know we always build these outside, but you've built this beautiful work of art inside Bill. Tell me a little bit about this gorgeous work of art, Bill. I always liked, I'm more of a modeler than I am a operator. So it's the modeling part of the hobby that I really enjoy. It's easier to do modeling, nice modeling, important modeling, in the larger scales. Living where I do and there's some of my friends in what have you have done this sort of thing before. And it's like, wow, I love that. I love it. And that's what I want to do. So that's sort of what got me into it. But the nice thing about it is you can build really, really, really cool stuff in the larger scale. And plus it's a larger scale and you actually have to do a little bit of, you know, really modeling. You really have to model. Yeah. O-Scale has a lot of that. It's really nice because there's so much available. There's so much really nice stuff available. So, but if you know where to look and how to do things in what have you, you can get a lot done in this scale. Your attention to detail. It turns out really cool. You like airplanes too. I see you've got this beautiful little setup here where they're fueling and getting this airplane ready to take off. I just see Amelia Earhart somewhere in the scene. And it's just absolutely amazing the degree of detail.  And your buildings, you're using paper for some of these buildings. And it's magnificent. Yeah. If you want the boarding house here is paper. This brick isn't really brick. It's just paper. I have discovered, again, living around here and some of the other modelers that live around here and discovered that for that sort of thing, paper just works perfect. It works. It really, really does. It makes it come off. I mean, this is a regular plastic model. But you put the two of them together and you really don't notice a whole lot of difference. Right. And so plus paper is a lot easier. And if you use the right kind of brick paper and what have you, I mean, it looks great right out of the box, is it? Or now I see a rolling stock. I see a bunch of Bachman material here. And do you have other? What kind of rolling stock and engines are you using? It's all plastic. There's a Bachman LGBT. You name it. If it's something that I think is going to work by it. It's mostly painted in detail and what have you. It's a variety of different scales. The box cars are 1 to 24. But you know, you got 1 to 24, 1 to 22 and a half, and 1 to 20.3 are the three major scales and large scale. Correct. And you have to be kind of careful. But if you are, you can sort of mix them all together and make it work. Yes. Yes, you can. And so I basically just generally choose stuff because A, it interests me. And B, it's going to, it's the right size. It's going to work. Now we're going to walk over this way and look at your gorgeous scenery because I see you've modeled some bridges here and pine trees. Let's go check this all out. Now this train here, I see this gorgeous caboose. Well, let's say, see, this is a perfect example because this is an LGB car, which makes it 1 to 22.5. Okay. Actually, I'm not even sure who made this, but it's a standard gauge car. It's actually 1 to 29. So as is the tank car. The two box cars are 1 to 24. The engine on the end is a Bachman engine and it's 1 to 20.3. And these trees. So they're all three scales in one train. All these decennaries, magnificent. Every little bush, every weed. The rocks look just like the rocks I saw driving over here just 30 minutes ago. You've got the color and the bridge here, this girder work. And there's one other thing I want to look at. And you've got this mine over here on the side of the layout. Is that a mine? You bet. Let's go check that out, guys. And it's on both sides. Now your bench work looks like it's a good 48 inches high. Is that about right? Um, yeah, I think that's about right, yeah. And for large scale, that's just the right height. Yeah, the layout's flat. There's no, there's no grades anywhere.  Now tell me about this beautiful work of art. I see a steam engine that works, the hoist works, your lights are lit up. There's a lot of time in that, isn't there? Well, if you notice, you know, when this is all finished, this whole corner's all finished. There's a tramway here. And the tramway goes over there in the corner of that mill. But I wanted a mine that looked big enough to actually support a tramway by itself. This isn't a one horse kind of a show. I didn't have a lot of room, so I ended up going very, very high. But I just sat down and sketched out kind of what I wanted and started building. And this is where we ended up. It just kind of grew. So did you want to see how some of it worked? I think it's absolutely awesome. After we're done with this, I can't wait to run a train because that's what we always like to do. Okay, we can do that. Bill, let me thank you for sharing this awesome work of art with the modelers and the watchers of the What's Neat show. And thank you for taking your time with us today. Well, thanks for stopping by. I appreciate it. All of the model railroad products seen in this episode of What's Neat are available through Caboose in Lakewood, Colorado, or order online at MyCaboose.com.


be a movie. Let's head to trackside with Gerard Marseille. Shania Douglas is with me. Shania, what a season you're having. It just seems that when the chips are against you, you know how to pull out and make a big bet and of course bet on yourself and win. How significant was this win for you at the Cariftal Games? Well, it was a big step up for me last year when I made the team to come Cariftal. I think I came fifth and I was like, this year is a new year, the season is going well already. Let's come out here in the next bank and deliver what I've been doing all season. And I think I carried that over into Grenada from what I did last, that I did a couple of weeks ago in Jamaica from Chams. And I'm very pleased with what I did. We're very pleased to have watched you two. Congratulations to you. Well done. Thank you. Yeah, let's get ready for the boys now.


Hi. I'm John. Yes? Great. So I will be coding a little bit, so if you want to come a little in front, it's better. I'm very happy to be here. I would like to thank Sensegeek for organizing such cool event and also all the other events. Today I will talk about AngularJS. So just before going into the subject, let me tell you what I'm doing in Bangalore. So I'm the co-founder of Minch. Minch is a Swiss startup, and we specialized in web development and UX. And one year and a half ago, we went in Bangalore with only this. Back in Switzerland, we sold everything, and we came to the Silicon Valley of India. And we're very happy about it. We settled here, and now we're based in Indira Nagar. We have offices there, and we're looking forward to expand in the coming months. Also, we're organizing the Bangalore.js user group. So if you're there next month, November 17, you should come. You can go on Bangalore.js.org to see more details. OK, so let's go to the talk. Around 1995, when the web was becoming mainstream, we had these tools, HTML, CSS, for doing documents, static web page, and basically web apps at this time were run-trip apps, like you click on a button, you wait, and then the server reprises you with a new page. And then suddenly, we have this Ajax. With this, you can do like really full-fledged apps, like Gmail, for example. And because you can update partial view of your page. And then suddenly in 2005, it's, wow, we have jQuery. Finally, a good unified consistent API, so that we can do these Ajax queries, and not worry about, will it run on this browser or not. And more importantly, we can do now with jQuery DOM manipulation. So that, yeah, we've been doing crazy apps with this. And our app.js files, you know, is becoming like 1,000 line long, and suddenly it's 2,000 line long. And when it's 4,000 line long, we feel like this. Because too much jQuery leads to spaghetti code, right? Because it's not meant to structure your app. Fortunately, over the years, we have some new libraries helping us, like underscore. It's not really helping us to structure the code, but we get some functional programming that we can use in JavaScript, and it helps to reduce the number of line of codes. And we have also Backbone. And this is with these three libraries. Finally, we can create web app with a structure. Personally, I'm using Backbone almost every day. I find it really awesome, and you can do great apps. But if we look at this stack, you know, it's based on jQuery, and we pile up libraries on top of it, and we get in our code a lot of this kind of jQuery selector, which use CSS selector so that we can write code and attach it at certain parts of the DOM. The problem is that this CSS selector, they are used for styling, so not for attaching code. So for example, if the web designer of the page decides one day to change a class name to another, so container become foobar, then the code breaks. And that's bad. So what can we do about it? So let me ask you a question. What would you feel if today I tell you, okay, you're not allowed to use jQuery anymore? Yeah, I would feel like that also. So this guy at AngularJS, they said, okay, HTML is good, JavaScript is good. These are good tools, but jQuery, maybe we should just use it to style the page or do animation. And they find these tools good, HTML and JavaScript. So they just want to add some stuff on top of it so that it's better for us to create web apps. So let me show you some code. I hope you can see it. So it's a simple HTML5 file, and I have included three different files. One is a bootstrap CSS so that it's a bit nicer. And then we have the AngularJS file and AngularResus file, which will be helpful later on. So let's begin with the Hello World example. So I'm just writing these double calibrations, which are the way out you output stuff in your HTML with the Angular syntax. You can see on the output on the right it's not working yet. It's because we need to tell Angular where is our app. So for this, you can specify the ngApp directive. For me, I just want to tell Angular, okay, my app is all my files. But you can decide to put it at some point in your... just select a small part of your HTML. So another world example is not complete without the world, right? So you can see you can do a small expression like this, even use filters that Angular gives you so that you can uppercase strings. There is many more. Let me then show you an input text. Input type text like this. And what I want to do is to type text inside so that this text is displayed somewhere else in my HTML. For this, I can add the ngModel directive on my input. Let's call it... this is my query model. And then I can just use this double calibrations syntax and do something like that. So let me just add something. Let me shorten the input with... thanks to Bootstrap. Yes, okay. And you see I type hello. It's there automatically. So it's really kind of decorative programming. You just say I want this and it's working. If I have an example with... this is the same thing with jQuery, right? I type something and it's up here. You see it's very much more verbose. It's really like imperative programming. You should really say, okay, do stuff like this. I need to go back. So let's continue now. What I want to show you now is how to do a very simple movie search engine with the help of the Rotten Tomatoes API. So let's do that. I will first add a button so that I can submit my query. See the search button like this. And I style it a bit like this. And I want to align a bit things. I add a form horizontal class around. And it's better. Okay. Now let's see how I will display my results. I will display them with a list like this. I will display... Each movie will be an item. Okay, movie one, movie two, something like that. I don't want the bullet. So I style class. Okay. But now I want to do something a bit smart and use the Angular facilities so that I can get all this list of items programmatically. I can use the ng-repeat directive like this and tell, okay, display all movie in my results. Okay. And I do this. Okay. And for this, I need to write some JavaScript code. And I will create a controller. So let's call it search controller. And each controller in Angular receives a $scope variable, which is the link between the HTML, the views, and the code. And for example, I will say scope.results. It's an array of movies. Let's put some movies. Do you know this one? And maybe another one. Blooper, which is quite cool. And it should work when I tell where the controller will be applied. So to make it simple, I just say, okay, my controller will control all the body and all what is inside it. Yes. You see, we have our two movies. And I only had to write this. So if we have many movies, this will work. Now let's use the button, the search button. So when I will click on this button, I should receive the movies, right? So I use the ngClick directive. And I will use the search function. And I can specify the search function in my controller like this. And what I can do is that when I click the search button, I get the results. Yes, it's working. Okay, so now let's really connect with the Rotten Tomatoes API so that we can get real results. For this, I will declare Rotten Tomatoes variable. And I will just copy-paste some code here. Good. So basically, what I'm doing here is specifying a resource with the API entry, some API key and telling Angular, okay, this is a JSONp request like this. And I need to tell Angular, okay, in my search controller, I will use, I need the service resource. I just add it on the parameters of the controller like this. And then I can just fetch the results when I click the button. Yes. I do a get, and I specify my query. Queue is another parameter to the API code. And my query will be coming from the last code.curry, like this. And it's not working. It's not working because I need to specify, I need to tell Angular, okay, this service, this resource, where does it come from? So first, I need to name my app. Let's name it MovieSearch. And then I can connect my creator Angular module with the name of my app, like this. And specify that I will... I want to use the NJ resource. This is coming from the Angular resource files, the second one I linked. And now, I hope it will work. Yes, I get some JSON directly. So here, this is an example of what the Written Tomatoes API gave me. So you can see that I don't get directly the movies. I get them on the movies key. So I can change that. And also, we can see that in each movie, there is a posters key, and inside we have several images. Let's use these images. So first, in the results, I want the movies key. And then I want to display some image, a poster image, from the movies. And I don't want to type each time the query. So let's hard-code it. Let's make it Superman, like this. Let's see what happens. Yes. So we get now... For each movie, we get an image. And let's make a proper image so that we can see the picture. Internet is working. Okay. I think... Oh. Image source. No, it should work like that. Okay. So let's continue a bit. Maybe it's an internet problem. I might not know. But what we can add also is the ratings. So I can see in ratings that creating is rating. I have something interesting. Oh, okay. It's internet. So internet can be so. Please don't use internet. Okay. So I can see all the Superman movies that have been done. You see? Quite cool. Let's just add the critics. So for each movie, the ratings, the critics rating. Let's just see if it's ratings, critics rating. Okay. So now let's pray. Okay. It should work with the critics movie. At some point, maybe. Okay. So basically, yeah, we saw that we are built to make some kind of such engine. Pretty simple one. And... Yeah. Maybe we... I'll try again. Okay. It's good. It's there. The rating is maybe not out yet. This is why we don't get ratings. We see that the latest one, they are certified fresh. So we should see them. And then becoming, yeah, the Superman 3 and Superman 4, we should avoid them, right? It's rotten. So let's go back to the presentation. And so I showed you quickly bi-directional binding of models. Basically, you can under the controller and also the HTML access the models. We have seen rapidly how to do a REST accessing a REST API. And also we have seen directives, which can be element name, attribute, or class name. And basically what you can do also is to create your own tags. So for example, I could create the movie tag. And then create a template for this movie so that this movie tag becomes some more complex HTML. That's a very nice way to do templating, I think. So I then go back to the question of the talk. Is it time to drop everything off for it? Before I ask you guys what do you think? My opinion is that if you are already using backbone and you took some time to understand and everything, maybe it's not time yet to use it because the documentation is not so consistent yet. But it will improve, I'm sure. And also, I would say if you go to the backbone, for example, Git repository, you see there is very little files. This is quite cool. You feel good when you see this. And when you go to the Angular site, you see there is many files. And even if you look, there is your Ruby files, Java files. You don't really know at first why this is there, you know? But at the end, we just include the... that these JS files in our HTML. Okay, thanks. And so see if you have not used backbone yet, maybe if you feel adventurous, maybe it would be good to jump directly with Angular because your code is really less code than even with backbone. And I think it's pretty cool if you try it. Okay, thank you. Thanks. So what is your opinion, guys? Do you have questions? So I just wanted to understand the performance implications. So it looks like internally the JavaScript would be scanning the entire document to scan those fields, right? Exactly. When you were working on it, did you feel any performance implications? Not really. On mobile, I felt that it was slow. But I think also mobile with some issue with the clicking, you know, is like this. They add maybe sometimes some delay or something like that. So that would be something to check. But I don't think it's quite fast. Okay. The second question is the NS or NG, the tags, attributes you were adding. Is it not making the entire HTML as a non-standard? Yes. Is it not a non-standard way of using HTML? Yeah, it is. But there is several ways to make it like valid HTML. For example, you can write data dash, NG dash, or like namespace, NG namespace, something. So it would identify the data hyphen NG as well, the AngularJS framework? Yeah, yeah. There are several ways to write these directives. Okay. Some of the ways they make your HTML valid. Okay, thanks. Just good, yeah. So you just make a normal assignment over there, scope.query is equal to Superman. How does AngularJS actually respond to this event? I mean, does it use ECMAScript 5 getters and setters or something? This line. Yeah, I mean, how does AngularJS work? Yeah, so basically here, there is a nothing called, right? So you don't get your data directly. But AngularJS is like smart, and then when it's getting the data from the remote server, it will do what you want. That is, populating the results variable. Is it the question? Yeah, no, my question is you are reading from the, you know, from the JSON resource, and then you have that line over there that says scope.results is equal to Rotantominters.gov. So it's an equal to, I mean, it's an assignment, right? Yes. Yes. So when you make the assignment, Angular needs to know that scope.results, this variable has changed, and then it needs to update the... Yeah, yeah, yeah. Right. I used knockout.js before this, and in knockout.js, you have this concept of observables. Yeah. And you have to kind of call the setter function. You just do an assignment. It doesn't work. You have to call a setter function. And then, you know, it does that, right? Yeah.  And if the new result is different from the old one, they know, oh, we have to change the HTML. Oh, okay. We have to update the DOM. Okay. So it's running a background loop which checks for changes. Yeah. And then they optimize so that it's not, like, slow. Okay. Thanks.


from the state bar module on air to ground one using the D unit. How do you copy? And Janice, we hear you loud and clear on air to ground one. Read you five by five, Roger. How do you read us?  Actually, I got to get a camcorder ticket up there with me, too, because what I was going to use up there is in a locker that bangs your head on the sleep section pretty much, so I'll just get all that when I go. This is Mission Control Houston, this live image coming down from Columbia's mid-deck area, showing payload specialist Greg Lanteros, who's working on the mid-deck area. Also, coming into view periodically, where in the blue shirt is commited Jim Hossel. He's currently working to finish up the assembly of the bicycle ergometer that'll be used for the astronauts to exercise on. This video is coming down from Columbia using the high-pack video system. That's a system that allows multiple video images to be digitally compressed and then sent down to the ground, where they can then be decoded and each signal individually sent to the investigation team for that particular experiment. This allows multiple teams' insight into their particular payload at the same time. The time being displayed on the screen is Greenwich Mean Time, or GMT. This is Mission Control Houston. We continue to take live video through the high-pack television system of the mid-deck area of Columbia. In view, astronauts Don Thomas and Greg Lanteros, who are working some photo documentation activities with one of the protein-crystal growth experiments, Columbia is currently approaching the west coast of South America. Everything looks good on Express. As you know, this is one of our premier facilities that we'll be flying on Space Station shortly in a few years here, and we'll have up to eight of these up on board at any given time, and this is the first check out of them, and everything is looking great on it so far. We're really excited about flying actually pieces of the Space Station on our shuttle flight. Copy that. It's great that it's up and running. Is there being any interest in starting the phase activation early, or would you like me to wait until the 1625? We'd like you to wait until the timeline time of 1625. Again, going back to the Orbiter Crew activities, the Orbiter Crew is currently setting up video observation of the Astro Plant Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus. Astro PGBA looks at the effect of microgravity and space on certain series of plants, but what makes this experiment more interesting and doubly important to this Space Lab mission and future International Space Station missions is that Astro PGBA will be moved from its location in the mid-deck area to the Express Rack aboard the Space Lab module. That move will occur later in the flight. The Express Rack is a rack specifically designed to operate as a fully set up and functional rack where experiments can be inserted and removed. Specialist Don Thomas is working on the large isothermal furnace and specifically... We are live with you on TVC number one. I just wanted to ask you a question. We do see an image on the viewfinder above TVC number two, which we thought was inoperational. Can you confirm that you are seeing an image or if the quality of the image? I have to pick that up. We do have a good image up there, a good quality image on TVC number two, the monitor is there. When I came back from lunch, it was just an hour and a half ago. That image is not there, so somehow we got it. Okay, well, wonderful. We'll accept magic any time. So we will get rid of your next activity to troubleshoot that. We're able to pick that up. No, I know we can't hide anything from you. We are watching you. After that, Paul, I'm looking at IFMR-1 on page India-3 and you want it for slot number six. Okay, and I've got a few more instructions for you. Okay, Paul, go ahead. Okay. On step alpha, you shouldn't have to do that because we're in a power down state. But we do want to check on Romeo-6 Tango. We want to check that circuit breakers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are all off. Copy that step alpha is being deleted but Romeo-6 Tango, you want to make sure the circuit breakers are off and I'm looking at them and they are. And then also the switches are off as well, 1, 2, 3, and 4. No, of course, switches are off. And then on Romeo-7 Whiskey, that circuit breaker for DC Utility Power is off. DC Utility Power, I'll take it off at this time. Okay, and also on Romeo-7 Whiskey, check that circuit breakers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are off. 4 may be on and if it is on, you can take it to the off position. Four of those circuit breakers are on. You want me to take them all off and do you care about the order? Stand by. Columbia with the daily status cue card.  We've got some data for you when you're ready to copy. The first one is the PCGS test on MF-71 Echo and the temperature was 22 centigrade. Copy. Okay, you have a go to power off those circuit breakers on R7 Whiskey, no particular order. And give me a holler back when you've completed step, bravo. Okay. Otherwise, I think you guys must have been watching me on TV and waited until I finished studying the book and was ready to go to the locker to get the tools that call me back here.


Getting the US visa is more than just filling the DS160, booking an appointment and showing up for the interview. With a rejection rate of 30% in India, getting a B1B2 visa will require some serious planning. And this is exactly what I talk about in today's video. Keep on watching. Hi guys, my name is Shachi and welcome back. I'm a travel and a visa coach and on this channel, you will find lots of useful videos on the US visa process. And these videos tell you everything about the steps involved, how to answer your questions, how to fill the form, the documentation and so on. But in today's video, we're going to do something different. I'm going to take you behind the scenes and show you the process and the steps that you need to take to make sure that you are visa ready and you are able to give the perfect answer to the visa officer. Let's get started. So step number one is to prepare your answer. So once you have filled your DS160, you have submitted it and you have booked your appointment, immediately get into the preparation mode. From my experience, I can tell you that a lot of people skip this. They think that they will just show up for the interview and you don't give the answers on the spot. And this is a huge mistake. Do not do this. Prepare yourself well for the interview. And if you're wondering what are the questions that could be asked and what are the answers that I can give, do check out all these videos on my channel, which tell you very specifically about the questions to expect and how to answer them. And to make this process even more simple and hassle free for you. I have something. This is called an interview toolkit. This toolkit consists of six video modules. It is me talking to you directly. And through these modules, I will prepare you for all the important questions which can come up in the US visa interview. I will show you exactly how to frame your answers, how to structure them and also give tons of sample answers. So if you're interested, do check the link in the description box below and get your interview toolkit. So once you prepare the answers, the next thing that you need to do is practice. Now practice makes everyone perfect. And this couldn't be more true in the case of a US visa interview. Now if you're wondering, how do I go about practicing my answers? There are various ways in which you can do this. Catch hold of a friend or a colleague, ask them to ask you the questions and speak out the answers allowed to them. Do this multiple number of times till you feel completely ready. If that's not an option, stand in front of a mirror.  And if this also is not an option, then hey, I'm there for you. You can book a practice interview with me. This will be done on a video call. It'll be a one to one session and I'm going to make it as close as possible to the actual visa interview. I'm going to check the content of your answers and also other things such as your body language, your confidence level and your eye contact. Do check the link in the description box below to book this practice interview. Now coming to the third part. So while you are preparing the answers and practicing them, I have some special insider tips for you. And these are the things that I tell my paid clients and it works for them every single time and I want to share them with you as well. So I have two insider tips. The first one is when you're preparing and practicing your answers, do it by writing it down. Do not frame it in your mind. Do not think that, OK, I have got this. Trust me, you haven't. Make sure to grab hold of a pen and paper and write it down or type it out on your mobile or your laptop. The second insider tip is be extremely thorough with your DS160. Be well versed with each and every word that is written in your DS160. And if this is not your first visa interview, then make sure that you are thorough with your previous DS160s as well. This is the document that the visa officer is in front of him when you go for your interview. And it's extremely important that you are fully aware of what you have written. And do keep in mind that there can be a significant gap between when you filled your DS160 and the day you appear for your interview. So it is possible that you could have written something and then you know completely forgotten about it. So make sure that before you step into that interview, you read your DS160 multiple times and you are thorough with it. Now, coming to the fourth thing. If you have followed all the three things that we have discussed so far, then I can guarantee you that you will feel ready and 100% confident for the interview. But just to round things off, in this particular point, I'm going to tell you some tips and some things that you can do on the D day, that is on the day of your interview. The first one is to plan out what you're going to wear. So the US visa interview doesn't really have a dress code, but it is important to dress formally and to be well presented. You don't need to wear full formals. You don't need to wear a suit and a tie and everything. Business casuals, semi formals are good enough. But make sure that your outfit is neat, you are well groomed and you are looking presentable. Second thing to do on the D day is to go through your answers. So like I told you earlier, make sure that your answers are written and accessible to you. So before you go for your interview, make sure that you go through these answers and revise them and feel ready. Third thing to do on the D day is to arrive 20 minutes before your interview slot. There is no point in arriving hours earlier because they're not going to allow you inside and you'll just be waiting outside in the hot sun. So make sure that you arrive somewhere about 15 to 20 minutes before your interview slot so that you don't drain yourself out by just waiting and waiting. And the fourth and the most important thing is to remain calm. Remember that the visa officer is there to give you the visa, he's there to facilitate the process, he's not there to make your life difficult and you have prepared well for it, you are ready for it. So keep that in mind, maintain eye contact, have a smile on your face and answer the questions calmly. So guys, this is it. This is the holy cheat code to being 100% prepared for the US visa interview. Do follow all the things that I have mentioned religiously. They work, these are tried and tested methods.  Also, check out all the resources that I have mentioned in the video. The description box below will have the links to booking the practice interview, to getting the interview toolkit and also a lot of other useful videos. So make sure that you read the description box thoroughly. In case you have any more questions, feel free to leave them in the comments section below. You can also DM me on Instagram. My Instagram handle is at chachi.mull. I'll be happy to help you out. Thank you so much for watching. Signing off for now. I'll see you in the next one. Bye.


What do you think were the other unique contributions of Anne Rand to philosophy? Obviously, she was influenced by Aristotle, but she built a lot on her own and said some things that no one else had argued before. I mean, I think she is the most unique philosophical thinker since Aristotle, so I think she's That's a bold assertion. It's a very bold assertion. And I'm not granted, I'm not a philosopher, I'm not an expert in philosophy, so take it with whatever grain of salt you want. But everything I've studied in philosophy, she is unique, she's innovative, she completely, and this is why they hate her, I think, in the philosophy departments, because she completely turns their field upside down and she does it in English, right? Not in this dense philosophical BS kind of language that they use. So I think in epistemology, she is a massive innovative epistemology. If you read a small book, this is just an introduction to objective epistemology, where she has a whole theory of concepts. It's completely original. It's completely new. From everything I can tell, it's true. When I watched my kids form their first concepts like chair, like food, or strawberry, or whatever, you could see them go through the process she's describing. So I think my guess is, if you took child psychologists and they read her epistemology, they would say, yes, that matches their experience of our children form concepts because it matches up. I mean, she's describing the uniquely human process of coming up with concepts. So she has this concept formation, which is probably the most important thing to understand how we form concepts is a building block for everything else, right? This idea of objective and what objective means is unique, new, hugely important in epistemology and what it means to be objective about things. It's not being outside of oneself or what Adam Smith called it, an external observer looking at, no, it's you knowing your values.  No, this is given your nature, given your identity, what is a value to you? What is objective? What, you know, so it's identifying the fact that reason is a means of knowing the world. So a theory of concepts, who defensive reason based on their theory of concept to idea of objectivity, all in epistemology or innovations and a moral theory is a complete revolution. It's in a sense similar to Aristotle, but it's much deeper than Aristotle. Now remember, she has 2,000 years of history to learn from, so this is not a slam on Aristotle. Aristotle doesn't have the benefit of Aristotle. Well, he didn't have the benefit of Aristotle or learning the history of 2,000 years or of the industrial revolution. I mean, one of the points that a man makes is she could have never come up with her ethics without having lived and experienced the industrial revolution. That is a knowledge of what the human mind is capable of, the knowledge of what business and production are capable of, shaped her view of ethics. So a whole system of ethics bridging the is-or-t gap that Hume said could never be bridged, right? The idea that you can derive an author and an is that she bridges and then develops an entire ethical system that again is beautifully integrated and solidly, lives on solid foundation is a completely new innovation. And then when you go to capitalism.  You know, libertarians, one of the sad things about libertarianism is they've stolen or taken so much money and ran without giving a credit. Marie Rothbard was the worst when it came to this. A lot of the stuff he takes, including the aggression principle, is right out of I'm in without any of the credit and without explaining her philosophical foundation for why aggression is evil and why aggression is bad. So she actually develops an entire mall system and then builds on it, from it, not on it, from it. A defense of what of the concept individual rights, so she takes Locke's idea of individual rights and now rests it on a proper moral foundation and then defines what kind of government that leads to and says that it has to lead to a government that you cannot have, for example, anarchy, that it must lead to government because you have to have a monopoly over the use of retaliatory force that cannot be epistemological, immoral or in reality cannot be something you compete over. So she develops a whole view of capitalism, which for her time is completely unique, completely new, and I think shapes the entire kind of free market movement from that point onwards. And of course she's reading Mises, so it's not that she invented everything, but certainly when it comes to politics and her understanding of economics, we've got her copy of human action with margin alien notes. She read the road to serfdom with margin alien notes, not very friendly ones. So she read a lot, so she benefited from other thinkers in the free market movement at the time. She was friendly with Mises and Hazlett, but she developed the philosophical foundation to sit on it. You know, I've said this in other events. I think one of the greatest, maybe so many intellectually, the greatest tragedy of the 20th century is that the great thinkers in the liberty movement, the great free market economists, the great free market thinkers didn't take her as seriously as she took them. They didn't take philosophy seriously. So Mises comes up with the prexology to explain everything, but prexology can't explain everything. It's not philosophy. It's a pseudo philosophy. If Mises, I think, had ran a serious philosophy, seriously, as ran took Mises in economics, we would be 50 to 100 years further ahead in our fight for liberty in a capitalist free world. And the fact that they rejected her and they rejected her ideas, they rejected her philosophy didn't take it seriously. You didn't engage with it. They just said, ah, we like that a little short, but we don't, you know, the ideas, we don't want it. That I think is retarded the liberty movement for generations. How does objectivism differ from the philosophies that many of us have been exposed to in our youths, philosophies based upon religions, theologians, dogmatists? Very first difference. Objectivism tells you that it is not right. It is not proper to men to take anything on faith. Religion is a matter of faith. You accept a religion emotionally or because you were born to it. You have not chosen it rationally. What objectivism will tell you is that reason, man's reason is his basic means of survival. That is the most important faculty which he has and he has to guide his life and make his choices by means of his rational faculty. He has to make his own choices, but he has to know how to make them. It is immoral for him to act on his emotions, to be guided by the whim of the moment. That objectivism holds as very wrong, very immoral. And morality in fact consists of following your reason to the best of your ability so that rationality is the basic virtue from which all the others proceed. Using the super chat and I noticed yesterday when I appealed for support for the show, many of you stepped forward and actually supported the show for the first time. So I'll do it again. Maybe we'll get some more today. If you like what you're hearing, if you appreciate what I'm doing, then I appreciate your support. Those of you who don't yet support the show, please take this opportunity, go to uranbrookshow.com slash support or go to subscribestar.com uranbrookshow and make a kind of a monthly contribution to keep this going. I'm not sure when the next...


The Cube presents Ignite 22, brought to you by Palo Alto Networks. Hey, welcome back to Vegas. Great to have you. We're pleased that you're watching the Cube, Lisa Martin and Dave Vellante. Day two of theCUBE's coverage of Palo Alto Ignite 22 from the MGM Grand. Dave, we're going to be talking about data. No, I love data. I do know you love data. Survey data. There is a great new survey that Palo Alto Networks just published yesterday. What's next in cyber? We're going to be digging through it with our CMO. Who better to talk about data with than a CMO that has a PhD in machine learning? We're very pleased to welcome to the program, Zaynab Osmeir, CMO of Palo Alto Networks. Great to have you. Thank you for joining us. It's a pleasure to be here. First, I got to ask you about your PhD, your background as a CMO is so interesting and unique. Give me a little bit of a history on that. Oh, absolutely. Yes. Yes, I admit that I'm a little bit of an untraditional marketing leader. I spent probably the first half of my career as a software engineer and a research scientist in the area of machine learning and speech signal processing, which is very uncommon. I admit that. It honestly, it has actually helped me immensely in my current role.  We have a very tight and close partnership with product and engineering teams at Palo Alto Networks. And cybersecurity is a very complex topic. And we're at a critical juncture right now where all of these new technologies, AI, machine learning, cloud computing, are going to really transform the industry. And I think that I'm very lucky as somebody who's very technically confident in all of those areas to partner with the best people and the leading company right now. So I'm very happy that my technical background is actually helping in this journey. Wait, aren't you like a molecular biologist? I'm a reformed medical. Yes. Okay. Well, there you go. There you go. Yes. But. A math guy over here. Yeah. You guys just, the story that I tease, the amount of data in there is unbelievable. This has just started in August. So a few months ago, Fresh Data, you surveyed 1,300 CXOs globally. That's right. Across industries and organizations are saying, you know, hybrid work and remote work became status quo like that. Yes. A couple of years ago, everyone shifted to multi-cloud. And of course, the cyber criminals are sophisticated and they're motivated and they're well funded. What are some of the things that you think that the survey really demonstrated that validate the direction that Palo Alto Networks is going in? That's right. That's right. So we do these surveys because first and foremost, we have to make sure we're aligned with our customers in terms of our product strategy and the direction. And we have to confirm and validate our very strong opinions about the future of the cybersecurity industry. So, but this time when we did this survey, we just saw some great insights and we decided we want to share it with the broader industry because we obviously want to drive thought leadership and make sure everybody is in the same level of field. Some interesting and significant results with this one. So as you said, this was 1,300 C-level cybersecurity decision makers and executives across the world. So we had participants from Europe, from Japan, from Asia Pacific, Latin America, in addition to North America. So one of the most significant stats or data points that we've seen was the fact that out of everybody interviewed, 96% of participants had experienced one or more cybersecurity breaches in the past 12 months. That was more than what we expected, to be honest with you. And then 57% of them actually experienced three or more, so those stats are really worth sharing in terms of where the state of cybersecurity is. What also was personally interesting to me was 33% of them actually experienced an operational disruption as a result of a breach, which is a big number, it's one third of participants. So all of these were very interesting. We asked them more detailed questions around, you know, how many, like obviously all of them are trying to respond to this situation. They're trying different technologies, different tools, and it seems like they're in a point where they're almost have too many tools and technologies because, you know, when you have too many tools and technologies, there's the operational overhead of integrating them, it creates blind spots between them because those tools aren't really communicating with each other, so what we heard from the responders was that, on average, they were on like 32 tools, since 22% was on 50 or more tools, which is crazy, but what they, what the question we asked them was, you know, are you looking to consolidate? Are you looking to go more tools or less tools? Like, what are your thoughts on that? And a significant majority of them, like about 77%, said they are actively trying to reduce the number of technologies that they're trying to use because they want to actually achieve better security outcomes. I wonder if you could comment on this, so early on in the pandemic, we have a partner, survey partner, ETR, Enterprise Technology Research, and we saw a real shift, of course, because of hybrid work, toward endpoint security, cloud security, they were re-architecting their networks and new focus on different thinking about network security and identity. You play in all of those and partner for identity. I almost, my question is, was there kind of a knee-jerk reaction to get point tools to plug some of those holes? And now they're re, because we said at the time, this is a permanent shift in thinking, what we didn't think through, it's coming to focus here at this conference is, okay, we did that, but now we created another problem. Yeah, yeah, yes, yes, you're very right. I think, and it's very natural to do this, right? Every time a problem pops up, you want to fix it as quickly as possible. And you look, you survey, who can help you with that? And then you kind of get going, because cybersecurity is one of those areas where you can't really wait and do, take time to fix those problems. So that happened a lot, and it is happening, but what happened as a result of that? For example, I'll give you a data point from the actual survey that answers this very question. When we asked these executives, what keeps them at night, like up at night, like what's their biggest concern? A significant majority of them said, over having difficulty with data management. And what that means is that all these tools that they've deployed, they're generating a lot of insights and data, but they're disconnected, right? So there's no one place where you can say, look at it holistically and come to conclusions very fast about how threat actors are moving in an organization. So that's a direct result of this proliferation of tools, if you will, and you're right. And it's a natural thing to deploy products very quickly, but then you have to take a step back and say, how do I make this more effective? How do I bring things together, bring all my data together to be able to get to threats, detect threats much faster? Unintended consequence of that quick fix. And it becomes cyber resilient. We've been hearing a lot about cyber resiliency recently, and something that I was noting in the survey is that only 25% of execs said, yeah, our cyber resilience and readiness is high. And you found that there was a lack of alignment between the boards and the executive levels. And we actually spoke with, I think, BJ yesterday on how are you guys, and even some of your partners, how are you helping facilitate that alignment? We know security is always a board level conversation, but the lack of alignment was kind of surprising to me. Well, I think the good news is that I think cybersecurity is taking its place in board discussions more and more. Whether there's alignment or not, at least it's a topic, right? That was also out of the survey that we saw. I think, yes, we have a lot of a big role to play in helping security executives communicate better with boards and C-level executives in their organizations, because, as we said, it's a very complex topic, and it has to be taken from two angles when it's a board level discussion. One, how are you reducing risk and making sure that you're resilient? Two, how do you think about return on investment and what's the right level of investment, and is that investment going to get us the return that we need? What do you think of this? So, there's another interesting stat in here. What keeps executives up at night? You mentioned difficulty of data management. Normally, the CISO response to what's your number one problem is lack of talent. Number three there, yes. And this may be somewhat related to difficulty of data management, but maybe people have realized, you know what, I'm never going to solve this problem by throwing bodies at it. I got to think of a better way to consolidate my data, maybe partner with a company that can help me do that. And then the second one was security being left behind changes in the tech stack. So, we're moving so fast to digitize, and security's still an afterthought, and so it's almost as though they're going to rethinking the problems because they know that they can't just solve the issue by throwing more hires at it because they can't find the people. That is, you're absolutely spot on. What, the thing about cybersecurity skills gap, it's a real reality, it's very real. It's a hard place to be. It's hard to ramp up sometimes. Also, there's a lot of turnover. So, but you're right in the sense that a lot of the manual work that is needed for cybersecurity, it's actually more sort of much easier to tackle with machines than humans. It's a funny double click on the stat you just gave. In North America, the responders, when we asked them how they're coping with the skills shortage, they said we're automating more. So, we're using more AI, we're using more process automation to make sure we do the heavy lifting with machines and then only present to the people what they're very good at in making judgments, like last minute judgment calls. In the other parts of the world, the top answer to that question is how you're tackling cybersecurity skills shortage was we're actually trying to provide higher wages and better benefits to the existing people. So, there's a little bit of a gap between the two, but I think the world is moving towards the former, which is let's do as much as we can with AI and machines and automation in general, and then let's make sure it's more in an automation assisted world versus a human first world. We also saw in the survey that ransomware was the big concern in the United States, not that it's not a concern in other parts of the world, but it wasn't number one. Why do you think that is? Is it because the US has more to lose? Is it more high profile? Yeah, look, I mean, yes, you're right. So, most responders said number one is ransomware. That's my biggest concern going into 2023. For J-PAC and I think EMEA Europe, it was supply chain attacks. So, I think US has been hit hard by ransomware in the past year. I think it's like fresh memory and that's why it rose to the top in various verticals. So, I'm not surprised with that outcome. I think the supply chain is more of a, we've been hit hard globally by that and it's very new. So, I think a lot of the European and J-PAC responders are responding to it from a perspective of, this is a problem I still don't know how to solve. And it's like I need the right infrastructure and I need the right visibility into my software supply chain. It's a very top of mind. So, those were some of the differences, but you're right. That was a very interesting regional distinction as well. How do you take this data and then bring it back to your customers to kind of close the loop? Do you do that? Do you say, okay, hey, we're going to share this data where they get real-time feedback? We often like to do that with data, say, okay, because when you do a survey like this, you're like, oh, I wish we asked A, B, and C, but it gives you and forms you as to where to double click. Is there a system to do that or a process to do that? Our hope and goal is to do this every year and see how things are changing and then do some historical analysis as to how things are changing as well. But as I said in the very beginning, I think we take this and we say, okay, there's a lot of alignment in these areas, especially for us, for our products, to see if where our products are deployed, to see if some of those numbers vary per product, because we, as a company, we address a lot of these concerns. So then it's very encouraging to say, okay, with certain customers we're going to go, we're going to have developed certain metrics and we're going to measure how much of a difference we're making with these stats. I mean, if you can show that you're consolidating the number of tools and show the business impact of that home run. Exactly, yes. Speaking of business outcomes, we have so many conversations around, everything needs to be outcome-based. Can security become an enabler of business outcomes for organizations? Absolutely. Security has to be an enabler. So it's back to the security lagging behind the evolution of the digital transformation and SAC. I don't think it's possible to move fast without having security move fast with digital transformation. I don't think anybody would raise their hands and say, I'm just going to have the most creative, most interesting digital transformation journey, but security is SAC. So I think we're past that point where I think generally people do agree that security has to run as fast as digital transformation and really enable those business outcomes that everybody's proud of. So yes, yes, it is. Sorry, so chicken and egg, digital transformation, cyber transformation, how are they related as one digital leading? They are two halves of the perfect solution. They have to coexist because otherwise, if you're taking a lot of risk with your digital transformation, is it really worth going through a digital transformation? So there's a board over here I'm looking at and it started out blank and it's what's next in cyber. And basically people can come through and they can write down, there's some great stuff in it, 5G cloud native, some technical stuff, automated mean time to repair, to remediation, somebody wrote AWS, the AWS guys left their mark, which is kind of cool. It's all I'm wondering, so we always talk about, we just talked about earlier, that cyber has become a board level issue. I think even go back mid last decade, it was really starting to gain strength. What I'm looking for, I don't know if there's anything in here that suggests this is going beyond the board. So it becomes this top down thing, not just the SOC, not just the IT, not just the board, now it's top down, maybe it's bottom up, middle out the awareness across the organization. And that's something that I think is, that is a next big thing in cyber. I believe it's coming. Cyber security awareness is a topic and there are companies who do that, who actually educate just all of us who work for corporations, on the best way to tackle, especially when the human is the source and the reason, knowingly or unknowingly, mostly unknowingly, of cyber attacks. Their education and awareness is critical in preventing a lot of this, before our tools even get in. So I agree with you that there is a cyber security awareness as a topic is going to be very, very popular in the future. Lena Smart is the CISO of MongoDB, does, I don't forget what she calls it, but she basically takes the top security people in the company, like the super geeks, and puts them with those that know nothing about security, and they start having conversations, and then so they can be empathic to each other's point of view, and that's how she gets the organization to become cyber aware. It's brilliant, it's so simple. Exactly, that's the beauty and it's the simplicity. And their programs, just to put a plug, there are programs where you can simulate, for example, phishing attacks with your employee base and your workforce, and then teach them, at that moment, when they fall for it, what they should have done. I think I can imagine family game night. I'm serious, that's a good little exercise for everybody. Yeah, exactly. It really is, especially as the sophistication and smishing gets more and more common these days. Where can folks go to get their hands on this juicy survey that we just announced? We have it online. So if you go to the Palo Alto Networks website, there is a big link to the survey from there. So for sure there's a summary version that you can come in and you can have access to all the stats. Excellent, it's been such a pleasure having you on the program, dissecting what's keeping CXOs up at night, what Palo Alto Networks is doing to really help organizations digitally transform cyber transformation and achieve that nirvana of cyber resilience. We appreciate so much your insights. Thanks very much. It's been a pleasure. Thank you. We're saying up Ozdemir and Dave Vellante. I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching theCUBE, the leader in live and emerging tech coverage.


Hi everyone, my name is Nell Orslin and I'm the Utilities Communication Coordinator for Columbia Water. I'm here today to talk to you about our annual 2019 Blue Thumb Landscape Reconference that Columbia Water puts on annually with Richland County Stormwater Department. We think one of the primary wins for our annual Blue Thumb Landscape Reconference is the quality of our speakers. We always have an amazing lineup and this year is no different. This year we have speakers from Sustainable Carolina USC, we have local landscaping companies, we have our experts at Clemson Extension and South Carolina Sea Grant, and we have speakers from specialty landscaping companies from as far away as Charleston. Some topics we're especially excited about this year are our permaculture as a way of reducing stormwater runoff. We also have a local extension agent coming to talk about local invasive species and one that we're really excited about is local business who's coming to speak about not compromising your profit margin when you're installing sustainable infrastructure. One reason we love to have a diverse array of people attend is that we can get new ideas and really give you in the community what you really want to know and so every topic this year is from usually more than one person requesting it from 2018. And another reason is this event is always free and it includes an opportunity to get continuing education requirements for your pesticide applicator license so this is another opportunity to have a free chance to get those CEUs if you need them. We do encourage everyone who's interested to sign up as soon as you can to reserve your spot and you can find the link by searching under Blue Thumb 2019 in Eventbrite or by finding the link on Columbia Waters social media platforms. So the Blue Thumb Landscaper Conference is only one aspect of Columbia Waters Blue Thumb Landscaper Campaign. You may have seen us around town doing rain barrel workshops and composting workshops and those all have to do with our Blue Thumb Program. So basically the Blue Thumb Campaign is about reducing stormwater runoff from either local businesses landscaping or especially the homeowner. So that's why we do composting workshops to learn how to recycle your garden to use your food scraps instead of using purchased fertilizers and rain barrel workshops to slow down that rain before it runs off your property and can reduce stormwater pollution. Well thank you so much for listening to me talk about our 2019 Blue Thumb Landscaper Conference. It truly is a pleasure for us to help the experts meet the experts since we love serving professionals in the Midlands that have a story to tell and love to hear the experience from their colleagues. The event will be Thursday, February 21st from 8 30 until 3 30 at the Eau Claire Print Building and you can find registration details on Columbia Waters social media platforms as well as searching under Blue Thumb 2019 under Eventbrite. So thanks again and we hope to see you there.


So, welcome back, having understood the concept of dryness fraction or the quality and x that we calculated earlier, we had done the formulation of that, let us now see how to calculate this dryness fraction. We know by definition the quality of the mixture is equal to dryness fraction, sometimes referred as x and in most of the books you will find it is referred to as x, which is equal to the ratio of the mass of vapor to the total mass. The definition should be absolutely clear. Now let us look at any two phase mixture which has got some vapor and some liquid, saturated liquid and saturated vapor that is a two phase mixture that will have which will lie on the saturated liquid vapor line. So volume of this two phase mixture is equal to the volume of saturated liquid plus the volume of saturated vapor alright, so Vf and Vg and the saturated liquid and saturated vapor will have its own properties which are given on the in the steam table. So, I can now compute this Vf and Vg and then derive an expression to calculate the value of x. So if I write this total volume in terms of specific volume, I will have to multiply specific volume by total mass. So the total mass is Mf plus Mg mass of liquid plus mass of vapor into the specific volume of two phase mixture alright is equal to the total volume of saturated liquid which is Mf into Vf, Mf is the mass of saturated liquid and Vf is specific volume of the saturated liquid plus the mass of the vapor which is the total mass, the mass of the vapor multiplied by the specific volume of the vapor. Both Vf and Vg are computed at the same pressure and temperature and these values can directly be obtained from the steam tables. Now if I divide this equation by Mf plus Mg, I will get the next expression as V is equal to Mf upon Mf plus Mg Vf plus Mg upon Mf plus Mg into Vg. What is this bracket? This bracket is nothing but x value alright and what is this bracket? Mf upon Mf plus Mg is 1 minus x alright so because Mg represents x, Mf will represent 1 minus x when it is divided by total mass. So if I could write this equation therefore as V is equal to that is the specific volume of a two phase mixture is equal to 1 minus x Vf plus x into Vg and if I rewrite this equation now I will get V is equal to Vf plus x into Vg minus Vf very important expression here. So specific volume of any two phase mixture at a given pressure and temperature is equal to the specific volume of saturated liquid at the same pressure and temperature this can directly be obtained from the steam table because they are P sat and P sat values over here and Vg minus Vf you have got both these values available on the steam table which is what we call as delta V or Vfg alright. So I can calculate this property specific volume by this formulation and if I rewrite in terms of calculation of x now I will get an expression x is equal to V minus Vf upon Vg minus Vf so this is actually the same as what we have got here in terms of mass this is now in terms of specific volume V is the actual specific volume of the given mixture given mixture of gas and liquid alright. So it is a two phase mixture that exists if I know this value I can compute what is x if I know x and if I do not know this value I can still compute the value of V now in that case provided I know Vg and Vf from the steam tables of course I know the Vg and Vf if I know pressure and temperatures and this will be more clear when we solve the problems or tutorials. Now if I carry out further I can apply the same thing for different properties for enthalpy for example for thermal energy for entropy and I will get a similar expression now. So x would remain the same but the values of x can be calculated from any properties for example x is equal to U minus Uf upon Ug minus Uf thermal energy of the two phase mixture minus thermal energy of saturated liquid for the same pressure and temperature divided by Ufg for the delta U value for the same pressure and temperature similarly x is equal to h minus hf upon hg minus hf clear I am just extrapolating the same expressions for enthalpy and for entropy also although the value of delta V and delta U are not given in the steam table this value is directly given and you know that hg minus hf is nothing but hfg which can be directly read from the steam table similarly I can read the value of sfg also directly from the steam table and that is why because these expressions are more widely used these values are also given in the steam tables hfg and sfg. The basic is if I know the entropy of the or the enthalpy of a two phase mixture immediately I can calculate the dryness fraction or the value of the quality of the mixture immediately alright. So once I know these expressions once I know the value of x at a given pressure and temperature I can now compute enthalpy entropy thermal energy or specific volume or the properties of any two phase mixture now can be obtained using this dryness fraction the rest of the properties what I need is basically the saturated liquid value or the saturated vapor value. So I can therefore compute thermal energy of a mixture is equal to Uf plus x Ufg enthalpy of a two phase mixture is equal to hf plus x times hfg and similarly the entropy of a given two phase mixture is equal to sf plus x times sfg. If you can see that these values sfg hfg Uf and Ufg can be obtained from the steam table what I need to know is just the dryness fraction if I know the dryness fraction I can calculate all the properties of a given two phase mixture and this is something which you remember when I said the state of the mixture earlier I did not know how to calculate this but with this formulation and using the steam table I will be calculating all the properties of a given two phase mixture. Since summary I can say now state of a mixture could be given by these formulations alright so what is important to be known is the value of x rest everything is can be obtained from the steam tables if I know the pressure and temperature for a given two phase mixture. So what we have learnt till now we have seen the concept of quality of the mixture that is the dryness fraction that is the value of x alright we have developed an expression for that thing we can calculate the dryness fraction now and therefore based on calculation I can calculate all the properties of a given mixture I can say the enthalpy entropy thermal energy and specific volume of a given two phase mixture can all be calculated from this. Thank you very much.


This paper examined the effect of mislabeled training data on classification performance for land cover mapping. It was found that both support vector machines SVM and random forests RF were relatively insensitive to low levels of random noise up to 25 to 30 percent. However, when the level of noise increased the accuracy of both algorithms dropped significantly. Additionally, the RF algorithm proved to be more robust than the SVM algorithm regardless of the type of noise present. Furthermore, the cross-validation procedure was affected by the presence of class label noise. This article was authored by Charlotte Pelletier, Sylvia Valero, Jordy Inguata, and others.


Welcome to Access a Trader, the number one community for those who are committed to taking control of their trading in order to achieve success, profitability, and longevity. Thank you for joining us. Here's Dan Shapiro to help you find your edge, master your process, and own your future. The next question comes from Muhammad. Dan, what do you expect when a stock loses a macro pivot or goes down aggressively and goes sideways for multiple days? Well, I'll give you a perfect example. Let's talk about some real-time examples, right? So when a stock loses a macro pivot, okay, so let's use a whole bunch of examples, real-time examples that we had pivots on. Let's start off with letter Z. One of the better earnings lows shorts that we've had, because it basically went straight down, okay? When a stock blows up, and I don't care if that stock blows up, there's a big misconception here. When a stock blows up, whether it's on earnings, FDA, downgrades, right, there's multiple ways a stock can blow up. You know, loses, you know, 10% of its value. Let's just call that as a blow up. Everything above it is obviously a lot more. So when a stock blows up, okay, it puts in its initial low. So here is a perfect example of Zillow putting, you know, they came out with earnings. I forgot what the earnings were. They were bad. Apparently they got caught with inventory of flipping houses. Apparently I thought they were real estate site. Apparently now they're flipping houses. Apparently Zillow is the only company in the world who's not taking advantage of the whole real estate craze in the last two years, but okay, no judgments. So every single stock when it puts in a low, right, puts in a low of its individual isolated event, what it usually does is it kind of goes sideways for a little bit or even kind of attempts to go higher over the course of the next week or so. And usually what that means is there's a lot of retail buyers coming into the stock and say, well, wait a minute. The stock is unwarranted because in everybody's minds, you know, the stock is always unwarranted and getting hit. So a lot of retail comes in and says the stock is unwarranted. I think the stock in the next two months will go higher, right? How many of you guys have said that, especially as starting investors or starting traders? Stock doesn't deserve to be here. It should be higher. There was an over exaggeration, overreaction. Okay, that's cool, right? So whatever your rationale is by buying a stock that blew up on either earnings, downgrade, FDA, whatever the case may be, you're saying to yourself, see, it's not going down anymore. It stopped going down. That's the bottom. So what usually happens, Mohammed, the stock will go flat to up a little bit, right? Flap to up, flap to up, flap to up, flap to up, flap to up, flap to up. And a lot of traders believe that, see, the sellers are comfortable at these levels. There's no more selling pressure, right? Think about it. It's going sideways. It already blew up. All the bad news is in the stock. Ha-ha! The bears got trapped. The stock is going to be higher. It's going to be backed out, you know, previous, in this case, earnings highs in the next two months. This is a gift, right? How many people you see here say that on social media? This is a gift. What they don't realize, when a stock goes down, when a stock goes sideways after a blow up, or after earnings, whatever the case may be, it's not going sideways to go higher. It's going sideways to go lower, okay? And the one thing that happens is all these traders, right? All these retail traders or even funds, right? You can have, and I love you, right? I don't want to say a bad word about you. I think you're a genius, right? But you have the Cathie Woods of the world turning around and saying, well, I love the stock at 100. The stock is obviously putting in the bottom at 63. Let me get along the stock also. So you got retail getting along the stock. You got the Cathie Woods of the world defending their positions, right? Defending their positions and this thing. Let's say this is the bottom. It's going to go sideways. The problem is that's not the way it works. When a stock gaps down, it's not buying time to go higher. It's buying time to go lower because eventually, when a stock doesn't go higher, all those funds that didn't sell, right, Muhammad? Think about it. There's a lot of funds that sold after earnings, but there's a lot of funds that didn't. And they want, and they're saying to themselves, what, you know what? Let me give it a little bit more time, see if it could come back. A week goes by, two weeks goes by, nothing is happening. And now they're seeing the stock start going lower and lower and lower and lower. And all those traders who bought that quote unquote, all the bad news is out. Now they start getting worried, right? They start getting worried. The stocks that, you know, the funds that double down on the earnings lows, they start to get worried. Retail, they bought more. They start to get worried. And what happens is after a week or so, two weeks or so, it finally loses the earnings lows. Guys, everybody see that? So it finally loses the earnings lows. And now, all those people who bought the stock that went sideways for two weeks and they couldn't get any appreciation, now they have to start making a decision. Do I stay with this thing or not? Okay, do I give it a little bit more time or not? A lot of traders and they have very, very basic technical analysis. They'll turn around and say, well, if the stock doesn't hold its earnings lows, I'm out. Now imagine 10 traders saying that. Imagine 100 traders saying that. Imagine Fidelity Magellan turning around and say, well, now it's going lower. It lost its earnings lows. Let's start selling. All of a sudden, the people who double down in their position, or if their earnings blow up, let's start selling. So what usually happens after multiple weeks of attempting to grind higher, getting rejected, you can see it got rejected here, on the linear regression line, on the 5-day moving average, on the 10-day moving average. And the first close, the first close below the earnings low, starts a cycle of complete disgust and the stock becomes unmotivated to own, unmotivated to hold, and now they just want out. So for all those stocks that lost their macro lows, as Mohamed just asked, they start drifting. They start drifting below their earnings lows and usually starts a cycle of a week or two of lower prices. Sometimes you'll get a 5% move down. Sometimes you'll get a 10% move down. Sometimes you'll get a 3% move down, as a case we've seen, a 2-3% move that we've seen and beyond. But it always works out the same way. And if you look at multiple stocks that lost their earnings lows and lost their macro channels on a close, usually what started is usually exactly the same thing. And you see it here. Here's the earnings low on Zillow, right? Stock went down 10. Here's the earnings lows on Fubu. And it's the same thing, right? Fubu, here's the earnings lows. It lost the earnings lows. Again, it started a cycle of, you know what? This thing is going lower. Let me get out, right? You have Roku, same thing, right? Roku lost its earnings lows when sideways got absolutely destroyed. Even this garbage beyond, that by the way, everybody should be out of today, you know, beyond as much as we bitched and moaned about beyond, the stock still came in $4 for us. Let's be honest. It still came in $4. It trades like garbage. But again, you can see this same scenario playing out over and over again. Stock gap down into earnings, right? It tempted the gap up, right? It tempted to go higher, right? It attempted to go higher. It got rejected. It got rejected. It got rejected. It got rejected. And then once it lost its earnings lows on the close, you know, the stock came in, did come in $4.  Now, you know, it's just kind of drifting all over the place. But you see these examples over and over and over again. And just remember, guys, this is very, very important. When a stock gaps up, right? When a stock gaps up, for example, I'll give you a perfect example. When a stock gaps up, for example, like a Qualcomm, right, on good earnings, and then go sideways, it's not going sideways because there's no more buyers in the stock. It's going sideways because the bulls are resting. So if you flip that to the other side, right? If you flip that to the other side, it's the same thing. The stock is not going up because the stock is oversold. It's going up just because it's a little dead cat bounce. But once it resumes, once it resumes and starts putting in channels back to the downside and closes below the earnings lows, it's going to start drifting. So anytime, guys, you look at a stock and you say, hey, Dan, what do you think about the stock? It gap down. Now it's going sideways for the last two weeks. What do you think? The answer is get the hell out. It's not resting to go higher. It's resting to go lower. So anytime you see a chart, a gap down sideways, it's just resting to go lower. You see a stock gap up, resting. It's just resting to go higher. And unfortunately, a lot of traders, when they've never been exposed to this type of information, they believe that the stock is oversold. Guys, remember, keep this in mind, especially for all you new traders, there's no such thing as oversold or overbought. The last price at four o'clock is fair value. Years ago, years ago, years ago, you had Kramer come out during Google's Dutch auction and say, whoever buys Google at this Dutch auction at 100, this is what, 205? 204, 205, maybe 206? Whoever buys Google at 100 bucks, okay, they're idiots, right?  It's trading at a PE of 4,500, and it was. But the point is, it's only overvalued if the market dictates it's overvalued. The last price at four o'clock makes it fair value. So my opinion of the stock, your opinion as in stock, is irrelevant. Fair value is at four o'clock, so don't think for a second, just because the stock gap down 25, 30 points, it's not going to go down another 25, 30 points in the next couple of months. So it's very, very easy to kind of let your opinion and let your bias and your love, quote unquote, of the stock dictate your vision of seeing what's about to happen in the future. So that's kind of my taste of, that's kind of my take of the stock, moving lower, digesting, moving higher, digesting, but more important, moving lower, digesting, okay? So that's that it.