We're glad to know that you're still there and watching the breakfast on Plus TV Africa. And it's time now to look at some of the national dailies and see what are the headlines this morning. And today we're going to begin with a business day. And this is very gladdening, maybe, airlines funds face no delays on FX reforms. So there's always been that complaint about funds or airlines facing some delays. So now, with the reforms, no more of that. Another headline there is Nigeria expects to $20 billion as oil projects get green light. Okay, we are also having commercial papers up 89% in H1 as firms raise $789 billion naira. All right, poor investment in research wasn't Nigeria's health outcome. Federal governments $27.82 trillion naira infrastructure budget fails to dent deficit. Okay, we'll move from business day to another newspaper that will be a punch newspaper this morning. Punch newspaper leads with the story, NLC protests, Tinnabu's $500 billion naira subsidy palliative demands 300% pay rise. And the writers on that story, reps sit on 500 billion naira subsidy relief request today. Federal government labor for fresh negotiations, 500 billion naira not enough for 125 million poor Nigerians affected by deregulation that's according to NLC and TUC. Okay, we also have smaller headlines there on the punch reps pro contract contract fraud revenue leakages in NIMASA house to investigate 14 year power outage in Undo community. In boards, OB kicks as Tinnabu offers opposition governor's slots. Nigeria redeems $500 million bond despite revenue challenges and army chief orders I pop rate rubbish ease amnesty for bandits. All right, we'll move from punch to the Guardian. We're taking it fast, fast, fast, fast. As we call it in Nigeria, the Guardian leads with tough times for students, parents as schools hike fees by 200%. Amid $1 billion legacy debts, Nigeria pushes for $12 billion revenue, 10 gas FIDs. Tinnabu writes reps for 500 billion naira to cushion subsidy removal impact and this very disturbing one, Vandals till second Niger breach fittings. I call it disturbing because so many lives could be lost, so many businesses could be lost because of that singular act. Now we'll move from the Guardian to the nation newspaper. The nation newspaper happens to be the final one for this morning and nation leads with the headline Tinnabu remedy for subsidy withdrawal hardship soon. Okay, president asked lawmakers to approve 500 billion naira palliatives cash. Now CBN directs payments of dollar receipts in naira. Okay, and then investors confidence now boosted says NGX federal government states to partner on electricity. All right, every other headline that you see on the nation there has already been read from the punch. So when you get the nation, the punch, the Guardian or business day newspaper, you'll find the stories that I've just read out here now and more on those papers and so many other national dailies. But we're glad to have been joined by architect Ezekiel Nyaito, public affairs analyst, speaking to us from Qui-Bum, I hope. Good morning and welcome to the program, sir. Good morning and thanks for having me as always. Yes, speaking from Qui-Bum, that lovely place you need to be here. I know. But how much is petrol in Qui-Bum? Because of happy hour, we are not thinking of that for now. So the happy hour is still going on. That's interesting. Okay, that's good. From the uncommon governor to the golden age, the golden age. You guys are having it very, very rosy in Qui-Bum. We thank God for the leaders you've had. They do the chop by chop kind of thing. So no matter what goes under the bridge, so long as the infrastructure is showing. All right, Mr. Nyaito, let's go to the headlines now. Let's begin with the punch. The punch newspaper is what I want to begin with. The leading story on the punch is kind of like a combining two. NLC protests, Tinobu's 500 billion Naira subsidy palliative demand 300% pay rise. We know that Tinobu has written to REBS to approve 500 billion Naira to cushion the effect of subsidy removal in the first place. Now I tried to do some mathematics, 500 billion Naira divided by 120 million people will give you like 4,666 Naira. That is what it is because I cannot say a section of Nigeria is rich. The others are poor. When we're talking about this thing, we should be talking about 120 million Nigerians that need this money, that need some kind of palliative in one way or the other. Now let's talk about that. What is your take on the fact that, first of all, the president is asking for 500 million Naira to cushion the effect of palliative, billion Naira to cushion the effect of subsidy removal? Okay, the very first thing I always work from what I call first principles. What do you want to achieve? That's question number one. The removal of the subsidy has affected the poor adversely. So primarily the poor are the target of the subsidy removal and consequently the palliatives that is the first thing you keep down as the foundational essence. Number two, you ask yourself what do you need and what do you have the capacity to acquire because you may need 10 trillion, but the reality means that you can only get 500 billion. Now if 500 billion is the very best you can get because you're the president, you sit on the seat and we can do a postulation but you know the essence, you know the extent you can go, you know your limit. So we take 500 billion. Question number three is how do you apply the 500 billion to reach your target audience? Now you've done a simple math, wonderful, great, four years it's about 4,600 something Naira. But I did mine as someone who wanted to be a governor who still desires to be a governor. I did my mathematics a little differently. What I did was I said if that 500 billion was shared amongst the 36th and let's add the federal capital territory as well, then you are going to have something in the neighborhood of 13.8 billion per state. In Akwaibum state we have 2,226 villages which means that if I was to send to every village they will have something in the neighborhood of about 5 million Naira and I asked myself if 5 million Naira was to come into my village on the palliative basis there are one, two, three things I could do in that village. Number one, I could gather the women and be able to give them certain funds that they will be able to go and trade with, not to eat, okay? It's like a micro credit stuff. Imagine me, I have say 5 million in my village. Every woman would be able to go home with a minimum of 50,000 Naira to start with and we say out of this 50,000 Naira apply about 30,000 to your farm or to your trade or anything you want to do and then keep this other one to be able to help you with your transportation and then the food and everything. Now I will still have substantial amount, after sharing I'll still have a minimum of about 3 million, that 3 million I could apply it to grade virtually all the roads just grade in the village at a time like this so that the farmers will have access to their farms and be able to cultivate more and be able to come back and they already have some money in their pocket, now they pour in all the villages, if this concept is applied across the board to other villages in Nigeria, one thing will be sure, the money would have gone to the target audience. If you want to do all this conditional transverse, if you want to do what we normally do, we just realize that we don't have any data, we don't have any statistics, we don't have any number of people, we just hear that certain amount of money has gone out and that will be the end of the story. Then there's a second leg or a second arm to this story, the second arm is a body called NLC, because of that they are starting to fight, increase salary, do this, do that, this palliative thing should not be an NLC matter, let's get that very clear, I have nothing against workers being paid living wage, I love it, but for now palliative is for Nigerians, Nigerians and whatever method or strategy they want to adopt must be a strategy that will benefit generality of Nigerians. Yeah, but if it's for Nigerians, who will drive the process, because if you're talking, the way you were giving your analysis, it seemed as if you will personally go to the villages and see that these things are done. Let's take for instance, let me just give you this picture now, you have 5 million that will go to a community, every community, except you're transferring it to the bank account of that community, which a lot of communities do not have, you will have to take it personally. That's what I'm saying, I'll put the record straight, there's a very clearly defined administrative procedure that governments will take advantage of, I'll come back to Apoibo, in Apoibo has 31 local governments, the 31 local governments, each has a paramount role and then within a local government, you now have clans, and we all have clan heads, we are that organized and I believe it applies to other places, within the clans you have villages, we have village heads and each of these people must be brought into the net of the administration of the state, for it to create peace, because if you talk about state policing and everything, there are other systems and structures if you are a serious government that you can use.  You first, you know, I had very very clearly worked out, you know, paradigms and structures for the administration of peace and that structure can be used in this case and bringing all the paramount rulers, within your paramount rulers, get all your clan heads, within the clan heads, we are sending this money, take care of your village head and all the village heads, you are responsible for you to give me the report of what I'm sending down. It works like merging in a cry bomb state, I don't know of other states, but I want to tell you that there is already a system and a structure in place out of the 2,226 villages in a cry bomb and it is said over 2,000 of them during this election sat down with NTA crew, had their problems documented on tape, so that these problems are the ones you bring up and say, let's attack this, attack this because when you give them the cash on one hand, you give them the template of development on the other hand, there is also the priority of the village, maybe they want that in market and I want to tell you that with as little as 200,000, you can have a little market in a little village and ministering the needs of the poor is not as complicated, we just don't care about it, that's why in my social governance ideology, it targets me to these people, that's on one hand, but there is yet another program, there's something you call the initiative that mixes, you call it enterprise estate, enterprise estate that we've developed has to do with a housing scheme in villages that incorporates enterprise one form or the other, now if you do that in every village, you would have trained the people, you would have been correcting like agriculture at little or no cost because the houses are easy to build and then in building the houses, housing development is one of the fastest ways and quickest ways and most effective ways of getting money down to the people because in housing delivery, the locals bring the sand, they bring the labor, they bring the gloves, they bring the cement, they bring everything that is needed and they bring the labor like I said, so they are very ingenious ways of getting money to the locals if we're sincere about it. Okay, well we will talk so much extensively about this same topic later on with another guest, but it happened to be one of the biggest headlines and you needed to address it, okay, but let's move to another thing, some people especially like, it's still on the punch, one of the headlines there says, boards will be kicks as Tenubu offers opportunity, okay, opposition governors slots, whatever his reasons might be, but the present administration is giving slots to members of the opposition parties in this government and some people are not comfortable with that, what do you think about it? Two things, number one is that it is the prerogative of the man in power to decide how he wants to run his administration, you know, I'm always an obedient, you know, guy, but in this case, I don't, I understand where he's coming from and what he's saying, but he has to understand that as long as Mr. Tenubu or Obon Tenubu is the president, you know, in the office, his style, whatever he wants to do, he is constitutionally allowed to, number one, number two, he has to know that this man knows that the case is still in court and that until the Supreme Court, you know, hits the final gavel, it can go anywhere, so it is only natural, it is only expected that he's going to pay a lot of emphasis on the sort of things that will make Nigerians say, oh yeah, that this makes sense, and within that context, I mean, it's only commonsensical, I agree with him, usually I hit him a lot of times on things I think is not doing well, it's only commonsensical for him to reach across the aisle and deplete the camp of the enemy by bringing them onto his side, because there's still a chance there could be a rerun, and if there's a rerun, or whatever, and somebody already has food in his mouth, he's going to say, my guy, I don't know, wait, this will be a non-collect maker and finish at first, you understand me, so it's a smart move that Obon Tenubu is doing, and then, politically, it is expedient, and also, everybody's talking about national healing, national reconciliation, so it actually even fits into the legal or the expectations of the people in open time, or at the present time, so I think that the guy is being clever, and Mr. Obon, he has to pray, pray hard, that he can hold back his people, because I happen to be in the know that there's a lot of talk, and a lot of meetings, and the night, and I say, oh boy, I've suffered too much, or if this can finally come, I wear a bag, I don't try, you know what I'm saying, but it tells us sticking to principles, ideologies, I think that only the obedient movement, you know, those people within that real hard core camp, you know, can stand with their leader to the end, but they form a steady percentage, others will like bandwagon effect, everybody's moving, and we move on, they start coming to town, we all go to look, so he's got to do a lot of praying to God that things go his way, and there's still that possibility. Okay. Well, we've had problems in the aviation industry for some time now, and that some, especially foreign airlines, complain about their money being delayed for whatever reason and all that, and right now on business day, we've just seen headlines saying airlines funds face no delays on FX reforms, maybe this is a good news for us, but what kind of reforms actually will address this problem that has been like a perennial problem in the aviation industry, where funds are being withheld for years and years? There are two set of forms that you must understand clearly, there is the current ticket sales in the current ticket sales because of the closure of the difference between the official and the parallel rates, a lot of money is starting to come into the system, I'll give you an example, I have money I've been working in the US, and then I have a lot of money, and I want to send it back home, how do I send it through the official structure, who will have saved my money at a rate that doesn't make sense, how do I now send it through the parallel market, how do I bring in the funds, so a lot of people could not bring in their funds, but now because we now say, look, there's almost no differential between them, I mean it's minimal, people are now happy to send in their funds, okay, and on account of that, there is a lot of dollars in circulation, forget about this issue of it going up to 80, and it's going to take a little while, but it's going to stabilize, and I predict that the exchange rate is going to come down with time, I look at it coming down to something the level of 500 Naira to a dollar, I'm not an economist, but I'm just kind of forecasting, that is on one hand, but there is the second hand, the second hand is the money that was there before. Now, assuming you had in a before now, 10 million dollars, that 10 million dollars, if you multiply by the official rate at that time, which was going to be maybe about 460, maybe it would have been 460 million Naira, that you needed to get that 10 million dollars out, but now that the rate has gone up to 700, instead of looking for 460, you're going to look for about 700, so that's going to make it very difficult for the money that was owed in the past on how to get it out, okay, so because the money was not owed as in Naira, or as in dollars, it was owed as in Naira to exchange to dollars, so right now who is going to do that conversion, because they are going to say, you are not going to owe us 400 million Naira, you are going to owe us 4 million dollars, you understand, so I need my 4 million dollars, so for you to get that 4 million dollars, you have to exchange it at the current rate, which is going to be almost twice now, an increase of a minimum of say about 40 to 60 percent, so how they are going to resolve what they were being owed is I think the elephants in the room, but going forward, things are going to become easier, and I foresee a situation where there's a compromise strong somewhere along the line, you know, this money was supposed to be 400 million Naira, but now it's about 700 million Naira, we can't get that differential, so what do we do, can we meet halfway, I think that there will be a negotiation on what was being owed, but going forward, it will be easier for us to exchange our ticket, and I think that's it. Okay, but is that also like the NGX is saying that investors' confidence has been boosted now, do you also believe investors' confidence has been boosted? No, let me tell you something, there are some policies that are coming up that are very good, for instance, looking at all the tax reforms to make sure that all the concept of multiple transition, that they are being looked into, they are being reformed, but there is yet that elephant in the room, and that elephant in the room is that every investor, forget what they say, they are just planning, looking and hoping, they will not take a decision until the Supreme Court makes a final determination on who will be the President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. Anything that anybody is telling you is bulldash, is awkward, is not factual, have interacted with international investors for, I was one of the first people that brought Shell Africa to Nigeria, and as over 20 years ago, have been exposed to this international community for a long time, and I know they are thinking, and I still have the relationships, and they are saying, actually, we've got to see the end, we've got to wait, what are involved comes, what are his policies, what are his mindset, if article comes, what are his policies, what are his mindset, now we know that of, we know his policies is mindset, so they are waiting just a few more months, in the next three, four months, because the current electoral act makes it clear that whatever it is, the final decision will be done within six months, that's what it is, so what the investors are doing, they are just looking at possibilities, then at the end, they want to see the policies of each person, if it is Tinnubu that is going to continue, it is easier, because they've already started their analysis, but if it is another person that is coming like Mr. Peter Obie, then they are going to wait to see his own policies, to see to what extent he is going to adopt the current policies, to see to what extent there is going to be a policy consistency, or a major and fundamental difference in shift, so investors are just studying and analyzing us, and they are going to take the next maybe about three months until they can now start making the move, anyone that makes a move now has been a friend of the governor, is trying to give the governor some level of confidence to show the body language that things are happening, but in terms of real unbiased investor coming in, no, they are still watching Nigerians, but what I can say is that a lot of the policies of the present administration, they are investor friendly, and they will be able to encourage the investors to come in, they need to just address one, two, three issues, one of such issues is the issue of peace and security, there was something that Mr. President did concerning the removal of subsidy, as soon as he came in, he took that decision, now he can also take decision with respect to, you know, insecurity, we haven't seen that yet, there's something he can do decisively, now this Namdi Kanu put on the table, what do we do? He can take that decision within a week and communicate it, he must come, let's talk, you see the situation is this, now this guy in Finland, what's his name? He could take that decision with yes, yes, whatever his name, I'm not even interested, he could take that decision within this week on IPOC, on ESM, on Namdi Kanu, and this guy in Finland, he can take that decision, that decision alone can bring instant peace to Southeast, then he now looks at the Banditry and the race in the North, there's something he can do, you know, this government is powerful, what we've been lacking so much is the willpower, but I want to tell you that if the governor, if the Mr. President wants to stop insecurity in the North, he knows what to do, he knows the meeting to have, he knows the matching others to give, I'm telling you that for a fact, you know, these things have consequences, so did the issue of subsidy removal have consequences, everybody was afraid, but it came, and you know, there's something that we normally get mixed up, he actually did not remove subsidy, no, Buari did, but what he did was to say that thing we were discussing is gone, and just a statement is gone, which was not correct, it was not gone, it still had about a month to go, but he said subsidy is gone, just that alone, just boom, sent the body language across Nigeria, and because he did that on that day, he was able to sit through, he had allowed it to come to an end, you know, before addressing it, they would have been this lobby, they would have been this pressure, they would have been this, and that, the pressure that governments face is terrible, that's why the Bible says, pray for men in authority, there's a reason, we all go to grab, won't go to get, but how many of us are close enough to heads of governments, governors to know the headache they face on a daily basis, I won't have a meeting with my past governor, immediate past, that meeting should have been maybe about 10 minutes or 15, it lasted for one and a half hours, and it was a heart to heart talk, do you understand me, and the pressures they face, we don't know, we just see the siren, and we think, oh the man is living the life, he's not living the life, that's why I've made up my mind, any governor I can have access to, I'm not going to go up against that point, no, no, no, no, that you can sit down with him, without putting pressure on him, and tell him, and listen to him, and be able to give advice that will help to move the system, please, if you have access, forget about what you get from it, any day a governor wants to give you something, he knows what to do, but be there for him, be there as a friend, talk as someone that cares about the problems he's going through, they have headache, abuelas said something, abuelas said they bigger the headache, let them care, governors have, they have problems, there are also some people coming to their office to diabolic out these and that and that, sometimes they finish a meeting, and they finish a meeting, and your head is like, you really don't know what was said, so let's learn to go close to our governors, pray for them, advise them, help them, and the same thing, if a governor can need this, imagine what the president needs, let's not just say, oh, let's help him. Okay, well let's go to another one, this time it's about education, we've seen that foreign education, getting an education outside Nigeria, now the fees are like 60% up, but there's this story on the Guardian, which is also talking about a possibly back home in Nigeria, tough times for students and parents, school fees are hiked by 200%. We see that in private schools, we see that even in our universities today, what they're paying is more than double of what they used to pay just two years ago, and it is really, really tough on the students and their parents. What does that say about the education in Nigeria, getting an education, because the greatness of a nation is not by population, but is by how many people are educated, usefully, so what do you say about this situation where the fees and everything will have to go up, whether you're getting it outside the country or you're getting it within the country, you have to spend through your nose? Yeah, the first thing is that the fees outside the country have not increased, they have not increased. The problem is that the Naira, the $10,000 he used to pay, you probably needed in the past with this, you know, going through Central Bank and everything, you probably needed about 400 something million Naira, but now you're going to need about almost eight million Naira for the same $10,000 that you used to pay. Okay, so they are $10,000 in a constant, but the Naira that is needed to drive that has almost doubled. So for all the people that have their children abroad, heaven help all of you, because there's really not much anything can be done about that. That's number one. Number two, coming back home, you know, we take advantage of things unnecessarily, and it bothers me because, you know, I was coming from the, I'll just do a very quick analysis. I was going from the airport and the man told me, okay, because of wealth subsidy, instead of being about $10,000 Naira, it's not about $20,000 Naira, and I told him that he was being silly. And I told him off, I said, we take advantage of things. If you were buying 10 liters, you know, assuming the trip was 10 liters at $200 Naira, you know, you'd probably be using $2,000 Naira. Now at 500 liters, you're using $5,000 Naira. Now the difference in terms of cost to you is about in petrol is about $4,000 Naira. So why are you doubling the fare to $10,000 Naira? You know, we take advantage of everything. Why would, you know, if you look at the analysis that you have in the papers, I think it is in the Guardian. These are moving from $20,000 to $80,000 to $100,000 Naira. Or what's the basis? Yeah, that's it. What's the basis? It doesn't make sense. There's no rational argument that you can use to tell that something will move from $20,000 Naira to $80,000 Naira because of what? I think we're just taking advantage of situations. And unfortunately, some of these things, you know, a country like Malaysia, you know, I was just talking with a guy yesterday, he said you go to Malaysia all the time. I said, yeah, there are certain things about Malaysia that I just like. In that country, everything is regulated. We can do that here, even to the price of what they're called in sugar and things. You can just, you know, fix price then. Then we have a body called the Consumer Protection Agency. What they are protecting, I really don't understand. I don't even know the essence of it. I don't know the powers they have. I don't know. Some once in a while, they come up and talk and then they do some work, but I think that the time has come when we need to have a very, very, very serious conversation with us. You know, I was listening to one of the stations yesterday and I sent a very, very great, it wasn't your station now one. I won't call the name.  And he made a statement and I told him that I'm taking a back at how you would trivialize the issue of national orientation agency. As far as I'm concerned, if there's one appointment I will lobby for in Nigeria, I've never set it in the appointment. Anybody who knows me knows I don't take appointment. If there's one appointment I will lobby for, or lobby for whoever is there to get funding, a good person is a national orientation agency. We need to start refocusing our minds. We need to work on our minds. Our thinking is so warped. It's so out of sync with realities that we, the people in power, have no understanding of and the essence of why they are there. What is government? How many people understand chapter 2, section 14, subsection 2B as the essence of government? Government has become an enterprise that you go to once you get it. You are made. It's for you, yourself and yourself. And these are things that we need to really come back to interrogate. When we are electing, what's the base of electing? Somewhere, I let my person also go. You know, this turn by turn thing is taking root in Nigeria. And these are the things that are destroying us because setting fundamentals like excellence are things that are time-stated. They are statutes of general application. They are the only things that will bring us to where we ought to be. Having good conscience, excellence, having focus, being professional, square pegs in square holes, anything short of that will take us back to where we are today, the poverty capital of the world, the most endowed country in the whole world. I say that without any fear of contradiction has become the capital, the poverty capital of the world. What a contradiction? Because like the Bible says, my people perish for lack of knowledge. Nigerians are good people. They are wonderful people. Just give them the right information and they'll be able to show the line. So that issue of information, if we had the right information, we will not be having these things about school fees going to where they are going and everything going airwire. Okay. Well, let's just wrap up with this. We do hope that the education system will not suffer that much because we need to be educated. The CBN directs payment of dollar receipts in Naira. That should have just followed when we were talking about dollar and every other thing. So how does that work out? How will that be an advantage to us and all that? CBN directs payment of dollar receipts in Naira. Will it help in the strength of the Naira? You see, I do not talk to authoritatively in this area because I need to be careful. But one thing has bothered me all along. Now, you are in Nigeria. You work in Nigeria. But your pre-numeration is rated in dollars or dollar denominated. When I went to get a facility from Shelter and Freak, the challenge that we had, which is why I have not gone back, is if I borrow, say, five million dollars from you, and that five million is an equivalent of, say, about, let me just use a word, you know, a figure that we can easily convert, is a equivalent of a hundred million Naira. Okay? And I'm going to repay you in five years. Can we reach an agreement where we denominate that five million Naira in five million dollars in Naira, such that even if you want to look at the inflation, not inflation, the exchange rate fluctuations, you kind of pick a certain exchange rate that we have as a benchmark, so that at the end of the day, I am repaying you the Naira as agreed and not that I'm paying you back dollars. So whatever time we reach, you know, along the line, whatever is the exchange rate, you know, imagine that you borrowed five million dollars at a state when the Naira was about 170 something. And now you have been repaying and repaying and repaying a state come that the dollar is now, the Naira is about 800 to a dollar.  So can we have a conversation where we ourselves know that weather is giving us money, knows that he wants to get his money back, but how do we make sure that we have this conversation where we have a certain level of, you know, predictability in our foreign exchange? Unless we have that conversation, we will have this risk of our producers, our investors, being slaves to people they borrow money from or people who lend money, not being willing to give money to Nigerians because of our adverse, you know, capital repatriation policy. So I don't know, I've not looked at that, but I think it's a conversation that we need to have if we are going to have a robust, you know, investment climate and be able to attract foreign investment and then also have sustainable business. There are too many businesses that started well, because they've got some foreign exchange, foreign inflow, they've run out because they can't, they can't repay again because of the fluctuation and the unpredictability. You can have a cash flow that gives you a five years projection. And that is what government is not, or rather investment is not trade that you buy today and sell tomorrow. No, industries, you have that's why you have something called moratorium. They allow you some time to be able to like and recoup and then the repayment is usually sprayed over maybe five years or 10 years, but if you make a mistake of getting foreign loan, by the time you just do your cash flow, after the first year, everything just goes haywire. I don't even know what to do again. The worst thing, the worst case scenario is you abandon the business and tell them, let it just fold up, take what is and then you cut your losses and you get worse off than you were before. It's an investment decision that we must take as a people and as a government. Okay. Well, thank you so much, Mr Nyaitok, for coming on the program today and helping us make sense of the headlines that we read out this morning. It's always a pleasure to have you on the show. Okay. We've been talking with architect Ezekiel Nyaitok, a public affairs analyst talking to us from Aquaibom. We'll take a short break when we return. We'll go straight to our first hot topic. Stay with us.


I've actually wanted to do this type of video ever since I got here but I wasn't I wasn't sure if I was actually allowed to seeing as this is actually my second to last day I'm thinking fuck it why not so the only reason I'm actually doing this is because I've just done an hour-long one-on-one session my last of the trip it was fantastic with my man Ali as always but something to do with the exposure the camera just keeps shutting off so I probably only got about 10 minutes of that session on camera what that means is I've got another 20 minutes of footage left to show you guys around the place so my my main spot has been the beginner mat it's number nine there's 16 different areas in this place it's absolutely massive I don't know how big it is in square feet but you guys can probably work that out now I don't want anyone to really look at me it's sort of in the middle of the day they have Muay Thai classes from 8 to 10 and again from from 3 to 5 the time I had my lesson at 11 so the time's about 12 o'clock don't know if you can hear the music it's a little louder than normal I think because actually it's pretty it's pretty special day today it's barbecue beatdown so I've probably talked about in the past but of all the amateur fighters that come here to train on the last Saturday of every month they have a have an event called the barbecue beatdown which has got all local fighters from Tiger pitting themselves against each other now in the in the Western boxing class I did last week they actually suggested that anyone who wanted to put their name forward come up to the front of the class and obviously I didn't do that but anyone who comes there has the opportunity to do that if you are here on the last Saturday of the month so that you know that could be a massive challenge for anyone you know I came over here wanting to do that that was gonna be like the you know the final hurdle it's not gonna happen but I can definitely see myself doing it next time so yeah it's up to you guys anyway there's nothing worse than being a content creator and having problems with your camera today was meant to be a couple of videos a really good ones my final workout session and a look through Tiger Muay Thai today you're never gonna see this place like this this whole thing this whole concrete floor is usually packed out with mats three different areas there's intermediate here advanced and then pro fighters and the beginner play no this is almost impossible this camera is fucking with me so anyways guys anyways guys I've got a bit of quiet now it's just me to you saying thanks for being here thanks for coming along signing out from Tiger Muay Thai Phuket Thailand it's been a great experience I don't want to leave but you know there's there's a there's a method to my madness I came over here for a particular reason I feel like I've accomplished that and I'm only gonna go on from here I feel like wherever I am in the world I'm gonna continue to train my even if I've just got a bag I can I can practice I can practice combos that I've learned here what I will say is that my trainer and I have only had three sessions together or four so you know he's just teaching me certain you know intricacies of the game certain combos instead of having to call out one strike at each time I feel like if I knew the combos correctly I knew how to slip knew what was coming next we could have been a lot more fluent fluid but you know I can safely say even after being here for two weeks two and a half weeks the sweating has not slowed down one bit but I will say that a healthy body is a sweaty body you know what I mean and some of these guys going through a full session not even dripping it's not even dripping I'm like what the fuck there's something going on there you'll pause a clogged or something you know what I mean but but tonight's gonna be a great night I'm here for the barbecue beat down I'm looking forward to seeing who they who they are put up against one another and it should be a good night so I'm gonna have a few drinks I'm really pissed off we couldn't have we couldn't video this this session I don't know what's going on with my camera it's hot maybe because it's too hot I'm not sure I think it was because it's too bright there's some there's something on my screen that keeps on there's a bar that keeps on loading it's as if see it's three bars now I can't keep doing this this fucking camera anyways have a great day everyone I filled up three memory cards with a footage I can't wait to get home and edit them up into videos for you guys and for you to see them who knows if I'm gonna be going back to reaction videos I feel like I've probably done that feel like I've probably done enough reaction videos for now but you know if I do want to if I do want to continue with my I tell you what guys I have done nothing but think about fighting this entire time I'm here whether it be training myself watching fights I've literally watched I've watched like 10 15 20 fights on YouTube per day since being here you know my passion for the sport has just has gone through the roof and I absolutely love it you know I'm glad I came to Tiger first I I'm glad I put myself in the deep end as far as learning Muay Thai rather than just you know Western boxing if I had have had my way at the start I would have been too scared to do knees clenching elbows and I just would have gone to boxing so I'm glad I threw myself in the deep end and I'm glad we're here have a fantastic day and I'll see you on the flip side peace out


I know I'm not the only person that as soon as I saw the Raven signed Deion Kane, I checked to see if he was from Florida. Don't get mad, it's just what it is, yeah we talk it's foreshad, I think Raven being crazy. The YouTube team keep it clean, what's going on, it's Engraven here with another video and I'm for real, that was literally the first thing that I checked when I saw that the Raven signed Deion Kane, I said, oh is he from Florida? And my goodness, he's from Tampa. He's from Tampa. The Ravens also signed another wide receiver to a future contract Benjamin Victor. Is he from, oh, Pompano, who else is from there, a little more Jacksonous. So the Ravens continue building this Florida team and I mean, hey, it works.  He went to Clemson, I believe, play wide receiver there and he was somebody that they drafted based off of potential. But in his rookie season in 2018, he ended up tearing his ACL and he missed the entire thing. So then the Pittsburgh Steelers scooped him up and he's pretty much been low-key on their roster. I mean, he does have a lot of good receivers in front of him and then he spent the majority of this season on the practice squad. He was elevated for two games, I believe, but really hasn't gotten much experience in the NFL. So since there weren't many NFL games to watch of him, I did watch as much as I could but also went back and watched his college highlights, his college film, his college tape, watched him when he played for Clemson. So the one thing I noticed from him, he's 6'2", so he got a good size. But I also noticed he got good speed as well. He got good speed but something that really stuck out to me about him, about Deion King and it was probably my favorite thing about him, especially when you think of the possibility of Lamar Jackson throwing footballs 2-1 Deion King, the 50-50 ball. He is really good at the 50-50 ball and he showed that in college and he also showed that in the NFL as well in the limited amount of catchers that he did get and that's something that Lamar Jackson, Lamar Jackson got to take more chances now because we talked about and we're gonna talk about this more extensively but Lamar does have some room to improve, he got plenty of room to improve in his game and one of the things that I saw with Deion King from his college quarterback, I'm not sure who that was but the college quarterback would throw him open because he had that speed, he had a good speed to where he may be, the quarterback may be right there with him but the quarterback would throw him open to where he would create that separation and go ahead and go and get it so I love that about him and I just think about all these scenarios about Deion King with the Ravens and actually when you think about it it's not far-fetched that he could make the roster and the reason I say that is because now he would have to start with special teams of course but it's not far-fetched that he would make the roster, why? Because the Ravens are potentially losing three receivers right now and of course we still got free agency, we still got the draft and whatnot but he could be there for training camp and be batting it out and then there's also the practice squad but Ravens are losing Des Bryant because after he put that practice video you remember the last thing that happened to the person that put a practice video up but anyway they probably gonna lose Des Bryant, Chris Moore, I think they're finally gonna cut ties with Chris Moore, I think they're finally gonna be like you know what all right we love you thanks for everything but yeah and then Willie Snead as well so those three spots are going to open up and hey made the best men win whoever is on the team whoever remains with the team but with Deion King as much as I love what I saw from him I love the speed love the size one thing that I also really love that we need more of on this team is that dog that dog that that that attitude that catch it on you and I'm gonna talk that trash in your face I'm gonna go do the first down and drop the ball in your face I'm a point at you after I lost you I'm gonna run my mouth after I just got you on that play and Ravens don't they don't have enough of that they don't have enough of that like Ravens on offense they'll make a catch and be like hey corner back you need some assistance getting up hey I don't mind helping you up man oh linebacker you tackled me that was a great tackle you you are amazing how's the family doing and not that it's anything necessarily wrong with asking about the family but Ravens are missing that sort of swag on offense like that so they could use some more just straight up dog and that's one of the biggest things and biggest attributes that I saw from his game now I can't get too excited but I am going to be hopeful that with the Ravens offense and whether he makes the team or not this is still the hope for the Ravens offense that they actually use their guys Nick because it won't matter if we get a number one receive if we get two number one receivers if we get three number one receivers we can get ten number one receivers on the team but if they're not used to their strengths then it won't mean anything it won't mean anything some of the things I saw from Deion Kane's game he is quick he's quick and he's fast there's a difference to me but he is agile he can make somebody miss he's good at cutting and he's quick with it man so he's somebody that you could get them get them the ball in open space and they'll make something happen they'll make somebody miss they'll burn somebody so I just and I know somebody said it best yesterday they said oh man all these people continue to complain about Greg Roman but Ravens are stuck with him right now Ravens are stuck with him right now so hey it it is what it is and that's exactly what it is so we just have to hope that with Greg Roman and this Ravens offense with Greg Roman Lamar Jackson that the passing game coordinator if David Cully doesn't end up getting the job as a Texans head coach because they said he interviewed twice already but we'll see what happens with that because he's in competition with Leslie Frazier who was bills not their defensive coordinator I think he's a like DB coach or so I forgot what he does for the bills but right now it's between Leslie Frazier and David Cully so and I think maybe the enemy could get in the mix after they win the Super Bowl in two weeks we'll see but anyway Lamar Jackson and Greg Roman and David Cully they all just got to get on the same page and they really all need to step up their game everybody does it's not just on Greg Roman it's not just on David Cully it's not just on Lamar Jackson all of them need to step up and elevate their game Greg Roman the designing of the plan this is more a mix of Greg Roman and David Cully but with Greg Roman again we know the pattern we know the history top five running bottom five passing everywhere he goes every single year every single time that's got to change it's got to change it has to while Ravens yeah keep running the ball but you have to pass that ball you have to and you got to get better at designing the passing game get better at finding ways to get your playmakers involved and you have to use these guys to their strengths you have to and again that's on Greg Roman and that's on David Cully as well being the passing game coordinator you got it you got to use these guys strengths man we it was so frustrated and watching Devon Duvenay this year again JetSweepKing, Pro Shade, Point Return and again like I said before it was a numbers game but these guys were not used to this Pro Shade was used to his strengths initially as a point return because they wanted to play it safe at point return they wanted somebody who would not drop that ball what is James Pro Shade known for not dropping the ball but he's also known for catching the ball he's also known for catching passes I think he called like maybe one or two this entire season Devon Duvenay again JetSweep that's it they ain't throw him any screens they only threw like one deep pass to him maybe two yeah two two because one was in the Titans regular season game and one was in the Steelers game so they threw two deep passes to him but it was just he was in my a wasn't involved and then even the guys that they had already with Hollywood they definitely involved him definitely did but Miles Boykin got this big six foot four six five receiver with some speed get that man involved now one thing and again we're gonna talk about this more extensively in the future but one thing that my guy JT pointed out to me about Lamar Jackson is that he feels like Lamar Jackson he does not have that trust factor with his receivers so that's why he doesn't really take as many chances as a lot of other quarterback quarterbacks would that's why he doesn't throw as many 50-50 balls as a lot of other quarterbacks would because he doesn't have that trust for his receivers because a lot of his receivers are small and I'm not knocking them for being small I'm short myself but for the 50-50 ball that's usually something that's usually a pass that you would throw to to a bigger receiver and that's where Miles Boykin but you know there was that disconnect with Lamar Jackson the Miles Boykin for the longest and even though as the season went on we started seeing Miles Boykin slightly more involved slightly it was looking promising but then it just ended up going back to the same most stuff so I think there's there's still that that lack of trust between Lamar Jackson and Boykin and maybe all his other receivers too just because they are not all 50-50 guys and just to sort of segue to where Lamar Jackson needs to improve as a quarterback take what the defense is giving take it take it take it take it and we got to make them pay Lamar Jackson he needs to make quicker decisions Lamar Jackson a lot of times he will hold on to that ball for a long time hold on to the ball for a long time and he'll be waiting waiting wait and I understand he wants to make a play he wants to make a play but usually when you hold on to that ball for a long time sometimes it could be a big yikes but um he got to get better at just taking what the defense is giving the defense backing up okay throw some short passes take that check down you got somebody in the flats well you should depending on how the play is designed should have somebody in the flats have a little underneath route have something but and then another thing Lamar got improved on is the deep ball accuracy oh boy missed opportunities this year a lot especially the Hollywood especially the Hollywood and then the one that the interception of Duvay where again in that Titans game Duvay was going out Lamar threw it in interception then in the bills game I know it was Wendy but still Miles Boykin was going out Lamar threw it in interception interception oh I think that was actually the Titans game too was that the bills game ah either way no that was a Titans game that was a playoff Titans game so that happened in both Titans games where the receiver was going out and Lamar threw it in but and then of course like we talked about before too there were a lot of times where Hollywood he would be past the defenders and Lamar would either throw up short or Lamar would throw it too far and then there were other times with Lamar where he would just he would make the decision late and it will result in an interception or just a bad play and it reminds me of a past I think it was against the Jacksonville Jaguars Hollywood had beat his defenders beat his defense he was in the back of the end zone he was straight but Lamar hesitated and hesitated and hesitated then he threw it late interception interception so I think what Lamar was one thing that's got to definitely improve is the decision-making and really the the timing of the decision-making the timing because we saw earlier in the season how there was a lot of hesitation and there was some throughout the end of the season too but that that has definitely got got to step up now another thing too I know my god Josh Hoffman talks about this extensively is Lamar getting jittery getting flustered and we saw that in the playoff game and I know somebody just mentioned in the comment section like within the past 30 minutes where they said that with Lamar a lot of times on his emotion sort of takes over the game let me see if I can find the exact comment because they worded it very well alright here goes it came from M. Olson he said well if you go back and watch that game quite a few players were playing nervous Lamar Jackson in particular looked especially unsettled this is concerning to me because usually when you get your first playoff when suddenly pressure melts away and you can go out there and just be you Lamar however looked like this was his first playoff game all over again Flacco was teased for always looking the same and never showing any emotion whereas Lamar lets his emotions overtake him and that's not good it's obvious that the kid has more talent than anyone else on the field but he often lets his passion swallow him up in the biggest of games and I do like how that was worded because it is true it's true now some of the reasons for that especially that bills game that offensive line was a huge yikes and something that we talk about a lot on here is the QB clock Lamar QB clock it was all kinds of off in that bills game why because he wasn't getting blocked for literally all game long and that's another part where like my guy JT brought up the trust factor with Lamar with his receivers I also think that there could be a trust factor with Lamar Jackson in his offensive line because over the past couple of years the offensive line definitely last year and even this year bit too but this year like we've really seen without Marcianda from the jump we saw a lot of just mistakes problems and exposures but the offensive line has been a bit overrated why and that's because when pressure comes Lamar can make people miss but if that pressure is continuing to come then you're not gonna trust your offensive line that that QB clock in your head is gonna go off like that even when there's not pressure coming in because you're gonna end up getting flustered you're gonna end up getting frustrated cuz it's like man these guys ain't blocking for me so I don't expect them to block for me especially when we they know it's a pass and play I what am I gonna do so then Lamar Jackson he would try to be Superman and he would have to be Superman and then that circles back around to Greg Roman too because it's like man stop trying to like I understand the offense lives and dies through Lamar Jackson but let other people use their talents to we know what Lamar Jackson can do we know he can run all over the field we know he can pass we know to do all this stuff but it doesn't just have to be him let other people get their shine on to let other people put in that work too I've heard so many people say when they watch film that we're Willie Snead and Miles Boykin that a lot of times they just look disinterested in their routes when they're running them they look like they they may just be going through the motions because they know the ball's not coming their way they just know it so that's on the designer the place that's on Lamar too though that's on Lamar too because there will be times when Miles Boykin will have an opportunity whether he was opening whether it was one-on-one and Lamar wouldn't hit him and again that goes back to that trust factor so hopefully this year with a full offseason even though that's no excuse for anybody because we've seen teams execute not perfectly but we've seen teams execute and get the job done even without no offseason we've seen it and then with the Ravens I feel like with them I feel like they had a leg up on so many other teams because none of their staff was changing for the most part they still had a lot of the same people so it was like oh what's the excuse what's the reason but hopefully this year and I mean based on history it ain't looking like it but hopefully this year will be some different with this offense hopefully but again like I said everybody got to step it up so with Deion Kane we kind of we went way left but with Deion Kane potentials there the put the potential is there for sure no doubts about it he got all the potential in the world but how will he fit in this offense and how will this offense fit him in team keep it clean I love y'all and I'm out


Welcome to All Hands Update. Here's what's happening around your Navy. May is Mental Health Month, and a great time to learn more about the resources available. To learn more, check out the Defense Centers of Excellence website. The Navy just updated its new to the Navy app. The app now includes information on legal services like wills and notaries, and the Voluntary Education section includes information on the Navy College and Tuition Assistance. The app is now available on all mobile platforms. Summer is approaching, which means it's prime PCS season. Many military families will be on the move, so if this involves you, be sure to plan ahead. To begin scheduling your move, visit move.mil. You can read more about what's happening around your Navy at navy.mil.


Sam. That's me. Benny. Benny Sam. Sam has these ideas. He came up with all kinds of philosophical breakthroughs like does nature exist and here I am, Benny with Nira. Planning on going to the English countryside to see all the places where Wordsworth and Coleridge and Tennyson worked and walked and Charles Lutwitsch Dargson who is better known as Louis Carroll or Jane Austen and you raised the question does nature exist? Of course it exists. We are putting all our money in going to that trip to see the nature. Sam. Which is precisely what's wrong with the concept of nature. You are going there as observers not as part of nature but as observers of nature. Benny. Definitely. Sam. It's as if men and nature are not the same thing as if there were some external entity which men has nothing to do with and men can observe. Indeed over the millennia there were three ways three ways had evolved to relate to nature. Of course nature exists in the sense that physical reality exists but men's relation to physical reality had acquired three one of three flavors. First there was of course religion and religion said men has dominion. Men dominates nature and men has the full right to exploit nature and to decide everything from naming nature to maiming nature. So men has a right to nature is men's property that was a religious approach permeates a lot of science as well because science regards nature as a resource in effect. When you say resource it immediately leads to exploitation because what do you do with resources you exploit them you use them it's a relationship of usage and you have even philosophies within science. For example the anthropic principle the anthropic principle says that the cosmos was designed to yield humanity. The anthropic principle has nothing to do with entropy. It's about anthropos men. So men at the center. Men is the center because the universe was designed to create men and to cater to the needs of men. It is a teleological view. Of cosmic teleology or divine teleology but these are scientists they're all physicists. The anthropic principle was created by physicists so we see that even within science we have this religious approach nature belongs to us it's our property and we can dispose of it any way we see fit. That's the first approach. The second approach is a romantic approach Jean-Jacques Rousseau the noble savage nature is perfection. It's ideal. It's beautiful. It's flawless and blemishless and blameless and this idealization of nature is of course counterfactual. Nature is red in tooth and claw. Nature is cruel and savage. Savages were very far from ideal people. The romantic view has nothing to do with real nature. It has to do with an image of nature which is essentially a fantasy. Even there there is a divorce between men and nature because it's about a fantasy and the third approach is what I call the decoupled decoupled approach like there is men the observer men the traveler in the British countryside men the physicist who observes nature and measures it and quantifies it and so there is a decoupling approach ironically the decoupled approach where men is active nature is passive like in a museum the decoupled approach started with idealism when the idealists from the car to Hegel when they said reality is actually only in the mind they denied nature they denied reality and they denied physicalism or materialism and so they went the furthest in decoupling men from nature because they said the only reality is in your head so there is only men there is only men the rest doesn't exist it's a totally solipsistic view whichever way you choose the religious domination narrative or scientific domination narrative the romantic narrative the decoupled observer observed schism whichever way you choose there is no nature there is no such thing as nature because if you dominate nature it's not nature it's a resource if you decouple yourself from nature then there is no nature only you exist and if you are romantic about nature then it's not nature it's your fantasy men has yet to come with a way to relate to nature actually believe it or not even environmentalism is an offshoot of the romantic movement it's a form of romanticism really of course environmentalism is a form of it's not a science it's romanticism it's idealizing believing that nature has some homeostatic equilibrium ideal state that can do with that that doesn't need men that would be better off without men either that that is what is called radical or deep deep environmentalism these are the extremists but the environmentalism has two elements in effect men has an agency to change nature to restore it for example to safeguard it safeguard it but if you stop to think about this patronizing approach it's the same old religious scientific domination narrative only you are benign dictator yes exactly you are an enlightened pirate you are not destroying nature you are nurturing nature you are restoring nature but that still means that you own nature and control nature to do it with as you please it's still this narrative and coupled with romanticism in all its strands even the deep environmental movement they say that there was a period there has been a period where nature was different and better like an ideal period and all we need to do is revert we need to just go back there and we need to go back there by eliminating human agency and presence or by modifying human agency and presence it is still anthropocentric still men is at the center it's like we decide everything we are the masters of nature question is is there another possibility the problem is that we had failed to relate to nature because we are nature as long as we refuse to accept that this distinction is totally artificial then we can revert to one of these three positions what you are saying is that we are we are nature this sounds like a shallow cliche but it's not as when I say we are nature I mean these cameras are nature a beaver a beaver builds dams ants build mounds we build high rises we build cameras this is nature all our technologies everything is nature our products are as natural as the products of bees they create honey you wouldn't say they are not natural they have a honey factory factories, cameras automobiles television sets, smartphones everything is totally natural when we start to look at nature this way then I think we will lose I hope we will lose these three dysfunctional ways of looking at nature which are essentially a power play these ways the romantic way, the domineering or domination way and the decoupled way, they are power plays who is in charge so how do we how do we mend our ways according to your view I am saying that there is not such thing as artificial that it's an artificial distinction to say there is natural and artificial everything humans creates needs to a prescription nature as long as we decoupled from nature nature is fighting back nature is fighting back in three ways a Malthusian way Malthusian way epidemics, pandemics, wars this is nature I like a food, this was the famine, yes this is nature's way of winnowing humanity out culling humanity and so on and so forth this is one way, one mechanism there is a mechanism of assimilation we assimilate the damage that we do if you pollute the air you breathe this air so you assimilate this destruction it becomes self destruction so nature is fighting back our negative agency entropic agency is fighting back in a Malthusian way reducing our numbers but it also forces us to digest and assimilate the outcomes of our pernicious activity because we are nature whatever we are doing to a tree you are doing to yourself but there is a third way and the third way is the cognitive way we are endowed with cognition so for example we invented the contraceptive pill contraceptive pill the number of humans more than all wars and famines and pandemics combined combined and it's our invention we invented it why? because we are part of nature if it is nature's interest to control our numbers because we are part of nature because we are nature we are going to control our numbers we are nature's agents and we are an integral part of nature if nature has a will metaphorically speaking if nature has a will we are that will if nature wants to reduce our numbers it will send us a virus but it will also send us the contraceptive pill it will also send us homosexual car accidents or homosexual or homosexuality or car accidents in other words wants to limit our activity and especially our nefarious activity it's going to use a variety of agents including us we are also nature's agents in this sense exactly like a virus so all you are saying is that we should be aware of the fact that man and nature are one and we are actually acting in the world that is one and this is two implications this is two implications one everything we do is natural everything we produce is natural enough with this nonsense this is artificial, this is natural factories are not good cars are not good this is nonsense everything we produce and do is by definition natural should nature wish to somehow limit our activities, redirect them transform us it has its ways and its greatest agent is us we nature is going to use us to limit us because we are nature so if nature wants us to limit the population it will send us a virus but it will also send us the contraceptive pill it is nature that send us the contraceptive pill not Pincos and Jurassic nature did it it used the agency of Pincos and Jurassic but it was nature that did this I have a metaphor strengthening maybe your theory if a Martian came along and looked at what happens here on the globe he or she would see small particles going along veins and stopping somewhere and then they would pick up this car and say oh this is an interesting organism it has a nucleus which probably controls this thing it's beautiful and this is the nature of this globe and should a Martian come here with a report of course to the Martian High Council their report will say there are numerous life forms on this planet and they will make a list and there will be gorillas and chimpanzees and one of the life forms will be humans or no cars with human nuclei they will I think ultimately realize that cars are manufactured by this life forms but let's assume that they are highly intelligent but they will list humans as one of the life forms they will say beavers create dams bees create hives and human beings create cars it will not occur to them that there is some privileged position to a specific organism so if we refer to the first question does nature exist you say of course nature exists but not the way we see it not as distinct from us but we are part of it we are nature whatever we do we should be does nature exist, yes of course it does, it's sitting opposite me of course enjoy your trip, thank you


The direct materials budget is based on data from the production budget. We need to know how many units we're going to produce before we know how much direct material will be needed. You can see that the direct material budget is the third budget completed in the master budget process. In the simplest format, direct materials needed would be units to produce times direct materials used per unit. But a more common format would be to factor beginning and ending inventory into the calculation. So direct material needed is units to be produced times direct materials used per unit plus desired ending inventory of direct materials minus beginning inventory of direct materials. Let's assume that 20% of next quarter's direct material needs need to be on hand at the end of the quarter. So the desired ending inventory is 20% of next quarter's direct material needs for production and is added to the current quarter's direct material needed for production to arrive at total pounds of direct materials needed. Of course, ending inventory from one quarter becomes the beginning inventory in the next quarter. We subtract that from the total pounds of direct materials needed to arrive at direct materials pounds to be purchased. Finally, we multiply the cost of direct materials per pound by the number of pounds to arrive at the total cost of direct materials. So let's look at how we would do this in Excel. Notice the column letters and row numbers we will reference those when we build this budget in Excel. Here we have the production budget and the direct materials budget. We start by linking the two budgets together by having the units produced in direct materials, the direct materials budget linked to the same cells in the production budget. Then the desired ending inventory can be a formula based on the next quarter's pounds of direct materials needed for production. Beginning inventory can be a cell linked to the prior month's ending inventory. Total pounds of direct materials to be purchased and total cost of direct materials can both be formulas as I've shown here. Finally, some of the numbers are just assumed because I want to keep the examples straightforward.