Hi, this is Yoho Sapil Bhartiya and welcome to our special series of let's talk interviews for SLO conf and today We have with us Estefan lips staff software engineer at procur. Estefan. It's great to have you on the show Thanks for having me excited to be here if you look at you know, the reliability is a kind of key attribute or feature that users of modest system, you know They expected yet reliability is not a traditional matrix such as response time For example, which can be measured using observability tools So if I ask you if you look at, you know, the modern whole cloud native cloud stack What kind of options are there for SREs to measure system reliability? Yeah, that is a really great question Because it touches on a key aspects on how SREs can be most effective So the key question here is really what is reliability and the answer to that Can be different depending on whom we ask but in the end the key answer is always one and that's the one from the user Customer and that is where over the last about 10 years We've seen a shift from using traditional observability metrics like you mentioned response time to Using higher level concepts like service level indicators as allies and service level objectives or targets The SLIs and the associated SLOs and error budgets Provide a tool for the SREs to look at the system reliability from the perspective of the user While also gaining visibility into future degradation when considering the current trends reliability trends And the key of the key to this approach really is to develop meaningful SLIs In other words, not just relabel the mentioned response time as an SLI But develop SLIs that cover the user experience from the user's perspective Where the term user experience really is a collection for the different user journeys that a system supports Unfortunately by now we have a lot of really awesome material available that covers the concept and the implementation of SLOs and SLIs So anybody who's just getting started on the SLO journey They have a comprehensive body of knowledge and experience that they can draw from If you look at things from the purpose, if you look at things from the perspective of an engineer Are there any potential pitfalls when it comes to measuring or quantifying system reliability? Is there any archaic we heal that engineers should be aware of? Oh, yes, absolutely Before we mentioned the concept of the user journeys But as the end the engineers we rarely experience those user journeys At least not like our real-world users do we are so close to the systems that we build and support day after day Day in day out that we often tend to view a system and the associated performance and reliability In lower level technical terms and details for example is our system available? Does it respond within n seconds? Do we get errors? now those are all of course valid metrics and they Impact the overall user journey or experience, but they don't paint the whole picture for example Consider a system that has automatic retries Just because an error happens does not mean that the user journey or the experience is compromised You could also if you want to call it the not seeing the forest for the tree syndrome So to effectively use SLIs and SLOs to measure reliability It is really important to take the bird's eye view of the system like a real user Because in the end it doesn't matter if the engineer thinks the system is reliable if the user thinks it is not Well, let's continue this question and let's say we have a system that has well-defined Service label indicators and targets SLOs Does that allow us to kind of comprehensively measure system reliability? Or is it also possible to have all system label indicators green yet the system may fail? well, that is absolutely possible totally and Again, it comes down to what we choose for our SLIs and how we implement them Another term that has been used is meaningful SLIs and a great example here is from Alex Hidalgo He did a talk called developing meaningful SLIs where I'm going to borrow an example from paraphrasing it So it's consider an example a web service for real-time stock quotes and let's assume that that system has SLOs for response time and response format So then we go in we request a stock quote and we get a response with valid JSON and The response time is within SLO. So at this point our SLIs for response time and data format are green But what if the response JSON data is outdated or if it's for completely different stock symbol that we requested Now at that point it doesn't really matter if the response was timely and syntactically correct because the system failed It did not provide the user expected response and the original SLIs failed to identify the system failure But in this example if we now use a data correctness SLI instead of the response format SLI Then we inherently verify the availability and syntactic correctness We have the same number of SLIs But better coverage of the actual high-level user experience earlier You're also talking about you know when we look at users they typically experience a system from a holistic point of view You would want system label indicators to kind of represent or measure the actual user experience Is there a way to implement a perspective that kind of approximates or Duplicates this holistic view or system for service level indicators That concept that you mentioned one of a holistic view of a system has actually been around for a while In systems theory we have the concept of a black box. It's a bit academic Originally and that describes system behavior in terms of a given input Resulting in a particular output Without any insights of what happens inside the box no consideration to the processing steps And now in our field software engineering this concept has been embraced by quality engineering Where we commonly categorized tests as black box or white box tests Now if you take a step back Conceptually the user journey aligns with the black box paradigm for a given input a particular output is expected Now we can adopt this concept to SLIs by aggregating granular metrics into higher-level SLIs That focus on the user journey or experience using that as an indicator of system reliability Can you give some example for a black box SLI? Yeah, sure So let's consider a system that creates a user account by queuing requests So after a request for a new account from the queue has been processed the user is notified via email standard So I've actually just did that this morning for a new website that I hadn't ordered from before So in a system like that the state of the queue can of course directly impact the user experience For example, if the queue gets beyond a certain length the user wait time increases And what if the queue gets stuck the user doesn't get their response? And so forth, but so as engineers we can be tempted to think well Let's fix that by putting an SLI on the queue But does it really allow us to model the user experience? Because if the queue gets stuck we're notified after the fact and the queue length is one But far from the only consideration that affects processing time So in fact if we look at it From the black box white box perspective SLI for the queue length is actually a white box SLI Now a black box SLI and that's the example you asked for would be a request for a new account It's the input results and sending an email the output with an activation link within one minute It's our success criteria Now in case of failure if the user does not receive the activation link this could be due to the queue getting stuck It could also be due to a whole bunch of different reasons I say back in database issues network and problems and more and a queue specific SLI would not catch those The high level black box SLI captures all those conditions And at the same time and lets us understand the impact and system reliability through the SLO's error budget and burn rate Stefan thank you so much for taking time out today and talk about this topic And as usual I would love to have you back on the show. Thank you. Thank you very much for having me It's been a pleasure


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Welcome to the breakfast and plus severe Africa time for us to take you through the pages of national dailies as always We will start off looking at the top stories on the front pages of the dailies I was set up with a daily trust this morning. It's been made available by our paper Vendor and on the daily Trust newspaper 2023 moves to draft emphily Thickens that's the CBN governor. You have some quarter saying he's managed the economy properly And it's okay. He's you know fit to manage the nation. Buhari's men pushing CBN governor He won't go anywhere. That's a rider another rider says group begins nationwide Mobilization don't distract him apex bank is quoted on that This are the riders underneath the board caption and away from that you have APC convention Sale of farms begin amids zoning controversy That's what you also find and private sector alliance Raises hundred billion are to fight in security Federal government says Niger's social security system poor six ILOs intervention And just before we move away from the daily trust newspaper this morning You also have property market thrives in me do agree as resident the cry rent hike How's why found slaughtered in canoe and rep some on NMPC GMD over one point nine three billion Naira Chattered contracts asked you to decide and strike today. I just reminds me of the conversation I mean we're having we thought the strike was gonna happen a decision would have probably would have been made yesterday But that's it on the daily trust issue for this morning Let's move straight over to the punch newspaper with these headlines fuel cells for 400 naira per liter in a boujab others scarcity possessed in Lagos and the following riders marketer still struggling to return adulterated petrol to NNPC Corporations plead cooperation pleads for patients says fuel queues will end soon At the top offer front page of the pouch in newspaper the following headlines TCN gets Transformers to increase power transmission by 1487 megawatts new paying is set for strike insist ministry diverting 621 billion now at road fund new paying set for strike insist ministry diverting 621 billion Naira road fund that's a warring headline Banks Forex ban dollars Cassidy inflation firms closure imminent firms closure imminent experts warn Banks Forex ban dollars Cassidy inflation firms closure imminent experts warn and Final few stories from the punch newspaper and the LA seizes 25 kg US UK Dubai bound drugs in spare parts fabrics AKT teenagers land in prison over alleged attempts to kill sex worker Oh Luba dough, we await marking days verdict today says baloo goon Although Coco factory plans to one million dollar pilot export to boost foreign reserves. That's a good story there becoya threatens to confront aggression against Igboho and Deftal hits five in Yaba Building collapse details on page 30 of their newspaper All right away from the punch newspaper. Let's quickly look at the leadership and on the leadership Kakovid raises 100 billion Naira to combat insecurity APC PDP Sleet FCT Council chairmanship seat and that's what you find and boldly written convention APC in dilemma over governor's plot to impose chairman and The writer says governor's settled for sunny Moose air as national chairman We will resist any attempt to hijack party youths firm tells governors and Party stakeholders rides president Muhammad Buhari and urges president to single-handedly Peak party chairman. You remember the conversation. We had just last week as regards the mode of picking You know the chairmanship and then we had those going to be a fair Feud for everyone to contest No end to fuel scarcity as new peg mobilizes for nationwide strike troops, please kills cause of bandits rescue 20 kidnapped victims in Niger and You also have northern governors more than Boba that told in Lagos collapse building rises to five Delta short schools over death of 19 months pupil and this is some of the headlines on the leadership newspaper this morning Let's go over to the nation a newspaper of the leader headline there and SARS federal government renews battle with Twitter and SARS federal government renews battle with Twitter Micro-blogging agency accused of double standards in Canada's truckers protest interesting that the nation goes with that headline. I was a Big conversation online yesterday on Twitter with Nigerians reacting to a statement released by the information and culture minister lie Mohammed through the ministries page on Facebook and Twitter More headlines for the nation CBN forecloses forex rebate for raw produce Exporters CBN forecloses forex rebates for raw produce exporters Senators reps protest proposed exclusion from a PC convention Allubaro to be Balogu picks name. How's wears new look? PDP a PC share FCT Cancels equally PDP chair. Are you excited? Do some papers? We're having the narrative that the PDP Thrashed the a PC in that in the council poor anyway Let's move on a gf to cct chair downlady. Submit yourself for probe a gf to cct chair downlady Submit yourself for probe. It's been an interesting Episodial drama if you want to call it with this particular man Tinnable meets with Monex in Ogun state and It's not been going around as far as some the presidential aspirant parliament in Wisconsin and his meetings with Those he's been meeting with but let's leave that for another time senator 6 Reconciliation in Osho a PC a kitty 2022. I'm yet to join abgah says only or only rather and Dev tall in collapsed Lagos building rises to five quite unfortunate situation there Also keeps students government in suspense. Yesterday Students were having a field day on Twitter and reminding us that it was past 5 p.m And they were yet to be told whether there would be a strike or not Indian held over 134,700 bottles of codeine. Those are stories coming on the front page of a nation All right, let's have open up on katario join the conversation this morning Good morning. Go put up on katario if you can hear us. It's good to have you join us Good morning. Let's see. Good morning. All right looking sharp open up on kataria and Happy Valentine's Day I oh definitely definitely definitely Definitely all right, um Let's start with the the situation as far as The Nigerian government is concerned yesterday, and this is coming to the front page of the nation newspaper Yesterday the Minister of Information and Culture line Mohammed and took the opportunity of the Canadian truckers protest to To put a statement out some will call it making political gain or capital from that statement that are incident and protest drawing Comparison or making a comparison between what's happening in? Canada and what's happening or what happened in Nigeria during the end starts protest also looking at the Actions of Twitter regarding the protest and the actions of the online Basically companies banning some of the funding Sites a block in the funding sites that were set up to raise money for this protest your thoughts on this Comprehend the necessity for such comparison, you know, and we are fond of Getting issues especially when those issues are not of speakers to us You're talking of Nigeria. You're talking of Canada. We are talking of I mean what Nigerians are saying is that the federal government is trying to guard the What Nigerians are saying that the federal government is trying to be draconian It is drudging up in another form in this guy's decree for To and for we were it was a dictator in 1984. I don't know how Let's not go into that No Betray you anyway We are in secondary school about finishing up at that time So we are why sees of the consequences of that creep and Effective I don't know and that is why Nigeria's demonstrated when the federal government talks of guiding this prayer the Twitter it remember before the Twitter issue the issue of the Nigerians were causing compression trying to also guard the media Electronic media was also a burning issue doesn't it doesn't mean news They came up with all kinds of guidelines and so on in order to strangle it the electronic media especially channels and AI and So No, we are going to reject this issue of gargling the press now They use the issue of bringing down the tweet of Mr. President and an excuse That was just a special reason and we said the same thing happened to What is it made the format of the United States? Donald Trump Trump don't know Trump. Yes, don't know Trump and the American government did not react that So why are they now making reference to Canada? It makes no sense. There is no preview whatsoever. It makes no sense about My Mohammed on what meeting I said this before my Mohammed has exhausted his youthfulness and is only trying to Continuously ingratiate himself with this oppression. Well, he has forgotten that he will be out of what is maximum one year from now He will be out of office and whatever he does in office Will definitely hunting for the rest of his life not just him and even in his generations of born because whenever his kids come out This son is the number of the house of assembly naked So what I have to go to say I am so my mother son of grandson It will immediately are waiting reminiscence of his studied and draconian activities and acts of wiling government So I thought I'm concerned. I don't think that should even be an issue we should concern ourselves with whether the Federal government will continue to Gap the press and it is better go by the system gargling the press or the fire government sees on Terminating freedom of expression as enshrined in our constitution then engineers will react I'm not interested in whether the comparison or no comparison at now. They are talking about Canada Tomorrow at the top of Canada, they will tell you, oh, this is a suffering nature. Why do you make reference to Canada? It's a suffering nature. The same government has said United sorry the international community should not interfere in our policies the same government that is making reference to Canada It is a government that is saying United The international community should not interfere because we are suffering nation. So, I mean This is a government with me keeping with words of modifications and Interpositions. I'm not interested in whatever life. What they say the comparison is completely unnecessary So open about Kateria. What do you now make of the fact that syrup is Sewing the federal government and asking that whatever agreement that they entered with Twitter International should be made public because You know syrup feels very skeptical about Whatever agreement that should not use as a should not be used as a pretext in order not to allow the people to express Themself because this agreement has not been made public Yes, that is a valid part. That is that is one valid point. I mean, you're you're you must make the agreement because Yes, we agree. The federal government is supposed to be the intermediary And of course given them the past so to speak when I mean federal government we are talking about the judiciary We are talking of the executive. We are talking of the legislation. A lot of people think when they say federal government You're talking about the executive and because of the war behind it Never the left it should be made public. So the Nigerians are also going to scrutinize What is agreement now you reach an agreement with Peter? You must have even forced them on the duress to agree on one or two things But again, one of the things that are vast to national interest now public interest rather now, but again, I Believe that Peter has lawyers seasoned lawyers that will also take into consideration the Protection and advantage of Peter the of the young itself But then it is meant for Nigerians. So Nigerians must know What the terms of agreement are and we can also disagree with some of this kind of agreement? We can also disagree It is all about the federal government. They look and this person forgets That they'll be out of office There will be big teams of the very European law that has to put this That isn't true about it, but I completely agree with Sarah that the tanks The content of the agreement should be made public and subjected to public scrutiny Because it has to do with everything for me. Not just mr. President. How can you bring down how can you? Ban Twitter because the problem is we talk mr. President Now What's wrong with me? It's your country was capable of dividing the nation of other Because it's about a drop The Internet has got a drop in a lot of things that could be to Stimulate here in the country How can you allow that to come down to the ladder to go Alright, let's move on, let's move on to the next one that I'm sure also will talk at the strings of your heart because any parent and any you know adult in Nigeria wants their children to have a smooth educational process till they are done. On the front page of the Vanguard newspaper this headline strike anxiety as ASU takes decision today and that same paper talking about the Vanguard newspaper has put out a breaking news that ASU has taken its decision and they are to go on a one-month warning strike. So that headline from the Vanguard has an update a breaking news that after serious deliberations that dragged into the areas of Monday the National Executive Council of the Academic Staff Union of Universities ASU has voted to embark on a one-month warning strike to press home its demands from the government. The source of the meeting held in Lagos told the Vanguard newspaper in confidence they say that the strike is to allow the federal government to do the needful failure of which the UN would have no choice than to go on an indefinite strike. I don't need to say any further on your response to this. Justification of the strike or the circumstances? Right now they've taken a decision to embark on a one-month warning strike so that's the breaking news we have. Which I completely agree with because you're dealing with the government with the schizophrenic personality and education and practically on everything you know it's the government that you can never trust to perform both sides of the mouth. Whenever you go into an agreement with the government they renaissance how many times have ASU gone on strike? How many times have they met? Which accommodation with the federal government and on every occasion the federal government renaissance? This is a government that steals billions of Naira every day. Every day stealing billions of Naira. Look at the full world. The back world has been important. Now immediately they told us oh energy is important, it's important and important. Now they are telling us oh it was a high subcontractor or whatever to pass it. The federal government that you can never trust. ASU reached an agreement with this government. Whenever it is a memorandum on understanding what was used. A random of action. Why is the federal government finding it difficult to implement? Whenever ASU wants to go on strike the next thing they will call for a meeting which is a delay practice. It's a Fabian policy. That is what the federal government has said and tried, the Fabian policy.  They come up and excuse all the others. Why is it difficult for the federal government to form the education centre? Why? All you need to do is cut down on your expenses, previous expenses. That's all you need to do. But they will not because they are kicked outside the country. They have what it takes. I know what I went through. To stay for my brother to study law. And what he has done, he has to hold on, he has to court you. He has been studying law for five years. On the outside, two, three, four years. We are just planning the morose of procedure. Who has done this? Now are you going to study law for five years which is very unnecessary. You end up spending eight years. You make the sacrifices. Because you don't even know what is going on. Do you think this might signal the probably the decline of the almost the end of public education at least at the tertiary level? It is not just the end of public education. We are talking of education as a whole. Where is the point I believe you are referring to the public schools? Exactly. That's what it means. Yeah, the tertiary level. Now of course, the primary schools don't go on strike. Secondary schools don't go on strike. We are talking of the tertiary level. No, but the truth about it is that, okay, now let us say Abua. I think that's what it's called. Abua. There's a third of some. Now, if you have five primary schools and you have 100 government schools, first, how many persons can afford the school fees? If you go to this university, it's about four million nair. How many Nigerians can afford four million nair? You start your year one there. Maybe in five years you're done. Your colleague in public school will graduate three years after you. Therefore, don't stop in law. Are you sure that when you finish from Abua, because at times two, these primary schools are sure that the public schools are sure that the primary schools also embark on simple strikes. Are you sure that when Abua, if there is no strike, and you know that example, in Abua there is no strike. One year, two years. You think the electorate in the primary school will allow that to continue? That is not to what happened. That is one. No, no, wait. That is one. Number two. Because it will be disadvantageous. But two, it could lead to students' protest and unrest in the society. If you were just looking at a microscopic view, searching a microscopic view, you are not giving it a panoramic view. It could lead. Because when I, you know how bad I felt, when my school went on strike and my colleagues, my mates in other schools did not, because that school that went on strike, the teachers, you know, in time after me, my colleagues in other schools graduated few months before me, about six months. I know how bad, and I know we wanted to still just try a protest. We were to go back on the protest before they got to the corner of the strike and adjusted. So we are just not looking at a microscopic view. Let's take a holistic approach. Is this holistic approach? Number three. Finally, the public schools, the effect is going to have on public schools. The public schools will be condemned for just those who cannot afford what it takes to go to these private schools, including the lecturers. We design and look for greener pastures. So the quality will drop. That is why we also have half a day to them. Talking about the quality dropping in the public testing institutions, some people have said even the private companies these days prefer to employ students who have gone to private universities. Is it about time the federal government, looking at the difficulties that they have faced in education? We have had these strikes ongoing for years now, from the military era, right to the democratic, democratic republic we have currently. And it has defied the parties in the time of the PDP.  Is it about time the federal government tells itself what may be the truth, may be the truth, and say we can't do it? State governments take over the schools, the universities that we have in your domain. And just to add up to that, I know we have been talking about the effect of having the strike, but let's also look at some concerns that some people have raised. I mean, some people are saying that the leadership of us who over time have compromised, and that's why over time you find out that these strikes have been called of two days after the threat, and they say we'll go for strike forever. They already understand the dynamics that the government will not leave up to the expectation. I mean, this has been going on for a very long time. And the big question always would be, why do you engage when you know that the government will not agree? So what is the thing that question keeps popping up? What is the thing that the government says to us that makes them call off the strike, and then they have to come back two weeks after they're backing on that? Now, some people have mentioned categorically saying that the leadership of us who over time have compromised, and that's why these strikes and all of this continue for a long time. But I'd like to share your thoughts on that. Yes, yes. Kofi, you remind me what I'm done with, with her question. I'll take that opportunity. That also Labour, NLC, and all these other unions are compromised is not in doubt. Because, and that is why the federal government is treating the body with levity. They know that they will only back and not bite. If you're backing on the strike, and you know that the reason for which you're backing on that strike has not been achieved, why call off the strike? Meanwhile, these have been the paradigms of the government.  Six months after you go. Even if it takes four years, and backing on that strike for four years as painful as it is, you know, there are times you destroy a system to save that system. As painful as it is, you know that at the end of that strike, you have achieved at least 90 percent of what precipitated that strike. A situation where you are backing on this strike, they buy it at a round table and deny it, they give you brown envelopes.  Because that is the truth about it. There is no other justification for calling off the strike the way you have not wished, or the reason for which you're backing on that strike has not been addressed. That's it. The way you call off the strike, the number of times you are backing on that strike, including NLC. So most times I believe that these strikes are used as threats, yet not only from the authorities. A few of them, microscopic few, are the ones benefiting. Majority of them don't. Maybe the officials are the ones benefiting. And so when they are both, they are backing on the strike. When they are both, most of them, I believe, their fields are not in the school in this country. When they are both, they are backing on the strike. The issue, threat one is. If the issue is threat one, they are expecting a negotiation. If the issue doesn't come, they are backing on that strike. Otherwise, I ask you, let's see. If I say I will not come to work unless my salary is paid. You will not plead with me to say, no, come to work. By the end of this month, that salary will be paid. I come to work. At the end of that month, that salary is not paid. The next month, I say, I'm going. If you say, no, come to work again, there is nothing.  That's the truth about it. Your issues are not in address. Every day you call on strike, you are backing on strike, you call on strike because they are compromise, they are compromise, they are not at school. It has become a security both camps and of this. You have to let us out there now, though you will call on the strike. So the ministry is enjoying, you let them out, your officials, the actual officials are enjoying. That is what is happening.  Some people will say that this is still in the realm of speculation.  Like I keep saying, meaning, I believe you always must have the mask on. Meaning is not in the message, but in the message user. So in other words, everybody deserves a right to interpret the situation the way it's easy. And that is why in everything you do, you must not be ambiguous. Just like they are calling for the agreement of the content, the agreement between the president and the government. Don't create room for ambiguity because once you create room for ambiguity, all kinds of interpretation will be moving into that. As far as we are concerned, they are corrupt. If they say they are not corrupt, the only thing is on them to prove that they are not corrupt. I just use salary as an example. If every day you say you are going on, you are not going to work, because they want you to pay it. And next to the mask, they help you cause it. Next to the woman, they will say because she is having an affair with you. So if you are the man, they will say, no, you do not understand what you do, you have an understanding with the man. That is the truth about it. That is the truth. They are not allowed to eat and this is the act. But why, what is the national, I am backing on this track and calling out that track without actually giving the case. I mean this particular issue, I know the illustration, you know, you are trying to put out the comparison, but I mean, that is not the case because there are a lot of organizations where a lot of people work and they are not being paid and they constantly go to salary, I mean go to the office and it is not that anything happens, but it could just be that. No, no, no, listen, listen to me, listen, listen, you are getting it wrong. Let us in perspective. Now you are not paid, you are going to work. Maybe you are doing that because you are sympathizing with the organization. Maybe you are doing that because you made a financial situation. Maybe you are doing that because you are not depending on that. Maybe you are doing that because you are looking for another job. But what I am saying is, maybe you say, I will not go to work. They might invite you. It is a different scenario. Please, with you, promises at the end of the month, end of the month you come. They say, oh, sorry, next month. Next month, they say, oh, sorry. Unless you are also paid less, unless you do not have any future, you do not get out of that place. But if you continue to go, simply because you do not have any other authority, that is the truth. If you have an authority, fine. But then, because why you are doing that is because you are mounting pressure on the system or the musicians to pay you, especially when you know, for example, that your agency broke trust with your family, maybe your son is not paid. Don't like that. Open up one guitar. But if your agency is bankrupt or something, you might sympathize with it. All right. All right. Open up one. Let's move on. Let's move on to other stories. If you know that your strike will not achieve the end, then don't go. Don't then back on it. Interesting. It's the same as that. Don't then back on it. Because you are also concentrating the students. So don't then back on it.  Because you are also concentrating the students. All right. So I apologize upon our vote for the interruption there because of the network lag. You had landed on your point. But permit us to please move on to another one because of time. The big issue, you know, when the punch captures this as its lead story on the front page of the paper this morning, the fuel queues are still with us. And the punch is telling us that the petrol is selling for 400 naira per liter in some filling stations in Abuja, the nation's capital, and other parts of Lagos as well. 400 naira per liter is not what Nigerians were expecting to pay in 2022. They are also saying marketers are still struggling to return the adulterated PMS to the NNPC. I don't know whether we can call it PMS because it doesn't look premium anymore. The NNPC they are saying is pleading for patience and saying that fuel queues will end soon. What are your thoughts on this that we are still at this point this week? This is seven days after the first queues popped up in Lagos and several days after they popped up in Abuja? Quite for that of me. And then I lied to the possibility it's an issue. So the papers will carry them and make it on the headline. But the truth is you will only be an investor to think that the federal government is not involved. The federal government is just trying to associate itself because of the Ferrari it generated. You know? Otherwise who involves? Who gives the license to those that are involved? Who is now paid? Who is now indemnified? The same federal government. From this issue of we are going to pay back reward and so on. They are going to also make money. The federal government has failed to address the petroleum industry sector for obvious reasons. Corruption. That is where they make their millions, their billions of dollars. And so there are all kinds of shamanigans. I listened to the minister for they were going to atone financial for the energy, for the damage. How are you going to do that? That's my car. How are you going to reach up La Venco Daria to pay for it? How are you going to reach up La Venco Daria to pay for it? How are you going to reach mercy to pay for it? They will also select those and tell you they are paid. They will put money. They think fast how to steal, how to defuse, how to deport. They will tell you oh we are paid also shaman. Kofi are not going to be part of it. They are not going to be beneficial. These people initially they said they were the ones in process. They exported, they sent out and they paid. They refined, they brought and they have. Until we had this issue we never knew that they actually got orders to do this job for them. Because when we had this issue this problem that we had that oh no it wasn't and then it was MRS, it was this, it was that. So much secrecy. We also hearing from the front page of the punch in this report we're hearing we've seen that Nupeng, the national oil and natural gas workers is set for a strike in this period. They're saying that this road fund that was brought up that's meant to go to those in the petrol supply sector and the oil and gas industry. This road fund, 621 billion out of it has been diverted by the Ministry of Petroleum Resources. They said they haven't seen the money. Here we go again. This isn't another situation. But this has just got started what I said now. It just got started what I said. Nupeng is also going to go on strike because Nupeng was not part of the deal, the loot. I beg you, Nupeng of the Kokoree is not Nupeng of today. Nupeng will go on strike and they'll be invited to a round table and they'll come up with one reason why they have to call on the strike or suspend the strike. Mark my words. They are part of the strike today because I'm not going to be taking a round the invite. Probably the Ministry for God's about Nupeng, getting involved in the loot, the fruits of the crime. Nupeng never tested. When they give them part of it, they'll call on the strike or suspend the strike. They'll tell you they have missed the meeting accommodation with the federal government and so they have decided to suspend the strike. You look, if Nupeng is serious and has the interests of Nigeria's attack, let's get them back on that side. Because the federal government will never account for that. We have to let you go. We have to let you go at this point in time. Thank you so much. We're really out of time. We have to let you go. I wish you happy Valentine's Day. She hasn't. I have to watch my back. Thank you very much. It's always a delight, you know, listening to him share his thoughts on some national issue and that's the sides of it. On off the press, we will step on the brakes now. Let's tell you what happened today in history. Well, of course, we'll be back after this break and we have interesting conversations coming up. The Yapa building collapse is one that has, you know, thrown a lot of people into mourning and it's here we go against the situation. Really sad, especially the fact that you hear five people have died in the history of Damola, the IT student who's body was brought out of the rubble. Really, really sad. We didn't expect to have something like that. We'll talk about this when we come back on the breakfast. Stay with us.


Today on the show we're going to be taking a look at the death of Superman. Hey guys welcome back to Comic-ConTV where all geek culture collides if you're new to the channel don't forget to hit that subscribe button so you don't miss out on future videos. All right guys as I said today we're taking a look at the death of Superman. I figured it would be the perfect time to go over this classic read since of course later this year DC is coming out with the death of Superman animated movie. This isn't Superman doomsday this is actually the death of Superman. However it's going to differ from the its comic book counterpart in that it's going to have Green Lantern, Aquaman, Wonder Woman, Cyborg, Batman, Flash, and a few others that were in fact actually I believe Martian Manhunter is going to be in it as well even though he's not listed here. He will be in it as far as I know. All right and in this movie as you guys recall in the death of Superman a few characters who played key roles in it were Blue Beetle, Booster Gold who actually named doomsday, Guy Gardner who had a yellow power ring at the time, Fire and Ice as well as Bloodwind. Now the thing about Bloodwind in this issue in this comic series is he was actually Martian Manhunter. Something happened and made Martian Manhunter believe that he was actually Bloodwind for time. Bloodwind was trapped inside of a crystal I believe or something like that. Very cool character he doesn't get a lot enough love. This series actually introduced me to Bloodwind. There he is right there. Very cool character he has a lot of the same powers as Superman plus he's a necromancer. He gets his powers from voodoo gems and crystals and stuff like that. Very cool character they really need to bring him back into the DC universe along with so many others from back in the day and I mean just look at this artwork. You don't really see artwork like this anymore. You just see it like right there. That artwork is amazing. You don't see much artwork like that anymore. It's just and here's where Booster Gold actually gave the monster his name. Trouble isn't the word Superman. I'm telling you right now it's like Doomsday is here. So they really should have incorporated. I really wish they would have used this version of the Justice League in the new movie. I can understand why they didn't. They're trying to build their animated universe and they're keeping with the new 52 designs. So they're kind of emerging the pre new 52 universe with the new 52 character people who will be playing characters in the movie. Nathan Nathan Fillion will reprise his role as Green Lantern Matt Lantern Lanter will be Aquaman Rosario Dawson will be Wonder Woman Rainn Wilson is Lex Luthor Jerry O'Connell is Superman Rebecca Romain as Lois Lane In fact I believe as it was mentioned in the previews Jerry O'Connell and Rebecca Romain are actually married in real life so that'd be Shamara Mora Cyborg who has played Cyborg in all of the new 52 animated movies Jason O'Mara as Batman Christopher Gorham as Flash Patrick Fabian as Hank Henshaw which is going to be really cool Rocky Carroll as Silas Stone the fact that we're getting Hank Henshaw and this is going to be a two-part movie two-part movie that it's going to be the death of Superman in one film and then in the next film it's going to be the reign of the Superman they really could have almost made it a trilogy a three-part movie because the reign of the Superman is such an iconic miniseries that they could have had it led into so many other things they could have had it lead into Emerald Twilight because as we all know in reign of the Superman Hank Henshaw blew up Coast City which directly led caused how Jordan would go insane and become parallax mongol the first mongol you could have used that to introduce mongol into this animated universe could have even led into Batman Nightfall because that Batman Nightfall did take place I believe almost right after Emerald Twilight maybe not right after but shortly after Emerald Twilight because it was still Bruce Wayne and Tim Drake in the funeral for a friend storyline and the morning after but I really hope and I was talking to John about this as well they need to have as long as they make the movie end like this we will be okay with it that right there is an iconic scene and what's even more iconic than that are these pages here that that needs to be the end of the movie like I said you don't get artwork like this anymore I have had this trade since since it came since it was released I believe this was actually released in 93 the story itself was 92 uh yeah cop cover copyright in 1993 uh originally published in single magazine form a Superman man of steel 17 18 19 Superman 73 74 75 adventures of Superman 496 497 action comics 683 684 and Justice League America 69 copyright 1992 1993 dc comics all rights reserved this is my original the original one my mom bought this for me I think from Valentine's Day well in 93 somewhere around there as you can see it's not in that great a condition I used it to trace a lot as a kid um I actually after I got this I took it with me to school and I was reading it in class and my teacher took it away from me it called it disgusting my mom went down to school got the comic back from her and then years later when I had my tattoo studio I had my comics at the studio and my former business partner at the time after after I left before I could get all my stuff together he confiscated all my comics and gave them to his brother-in-law which kind of pissed me off but I managed to get it back I had to do some trading for it but this is still the same the same one I got way back in 93 the writers of the story include Dan Jurgen's Jerry Ordway Louis Louise Simonson and Roger Stern Pencilers John Bogdavine John Bogdanov Tom Grumit Jackson guys Dan Jurgen's Inker's Brett Breeding Rick Burchett Doug Hazlewood Dennis Jank Dennis Roder Dennis Roder and so on uh Dan Jurgen's is interesting to know because he had plans for a certain character in this comic all the way back in 93 didn't he was a minor character through the funeral for a friend in the morning after um played a kind of a mediocre size role I won't say he was a small character but he was you know he he was he had an important role um just not a big one uh and there he is right there Mitch Anderson he was the kid who uh doomsday destroyed his house he was the one who thought Guy Gardner was a lot cooler than Superman he thought Superman was a total dweeb and eventually after Superman gave his life to stop doomsday to save his family Mitch came around and became a big fan of Superman and kind of took on almost Bruce Wayne's role in the Batman v Superman movie uh at the end you know where you know Bruce said he failed him and all that that was pretty much how Mitch was represented throughout the funeral for a friend and the morning after storylines and what's important about Mitch is not just his role in the death of Superman but eventually in 1998 around there he made another appearance in Superman number 140 and 141 as the superhero outburst uh if you don't know or is no is 171 I believe I'm sorry I got incredible Hulk 140 and 141 mixed up with Supreme of course for those of you who don't know incredible Hulk 140 was the first cameo appearance of Wolverine and 141 was the first full-on appearance of Wolverine but anyway if you don't know much about outburst and the Superman of America we have a video on the channel it's one of our earlier videos so go ahead and check that out but at this time this was a very important comic um it can't the original death of Superman which is this one right here first printings came in a black bag and then the one directly after I can't remember which one came in a white bag it's the one where Superman is in the afterlife pretty much fighting for a soul his and Pa kids souls but this was such an iconic work they Superman and Lois were engaged they weren't married yet and in the series Lois and Clark the new adventures Superman because of this uh they had to push back Lois and Clark's wedding because they didn't want Lois and Clark to get married on the show before they got married in the comic and it just so happened that at the time this came out nothing else happened in the world so this was all over the news all over the radio covered on every single station it was just it was amazing and the news when it was revealed reign of Superman was coming reign of the Superman I'm sorry when the reign of the Superman was coming the news was actually the first to break the story that there were going to be four new Superman they didn't know at the time if they were going to take over for Superman permanently or or what but I remember the story I I remember what I was doing I was sitting in my grandparents living room watching the news with them when the story broke that there was going to be four new Superman and my my child mind was just blown uh so for those of you who don't know the four new Superman became Hank Henshaw the cyborg Superman who most people thought was Superman reborn uh only made into a cyborg uh there was the man of steel John Henry Irons who embodied the spirit of Superman there was the eradicator which actually thought he was Superman for a time uh and even Guy Gardner got along with that Superman and then there was the metropolis kid super boy but don't call him super boy he's Superman uh the younger version of Superman the clone of Lex Luthor and Superman uh that we eventually later found out Connor Kent although he's not in comics anymore I kind of wish they hoped they'd bring him back at some point but all four of those characters got their start right here because of the death of Superman uh and it's revealed in Superman hunter pray doomsday's origins um but yeah I really wish in this new movie well first let's go back to the beginning these panels here which lead into the death of Superman they weren't a part of any one comic uh during this time in Superman and Justice League and action comics and Adventures Superman and all that each one of those stories would end with a panel of a green fist punching metal just this part here this went on for months doomsday is coming was the tagline went on for months and months the buildup was amazing Dan Jurgens is is a master of buildup uh we don't really get much of his art and writing anymore like we used to we still get some but not not nearly as epic and amazing as this was and eventually each panel the glove begins to tear and then you see a bare hand and crack doomsday breaks through and our first image of doomsday was this and we don't see him again after that until this scene right here and this is the scene that depicts what doomsday is about there he is standing in the middle of the wilderness one hand tied behind his back out stretches his hand for a little canary to land in it and he just crushes it and he laughs um and during the uh super nintendo video game the death and return of superman this was a big part of it uh i forget what these things were called uh they weren't really many humans they i think they were underworlders or something like that uh each level you had to fight underworlders until eventually you get to doomsday and then after doomsday you eventually fight uh hank henshaw and the other superman and all that and that was my favorite game to play even though i could barely get past the first couple levels is so damn hard but here we have the justice league at this time uh this was justice league international okay you have you have guy gardener you have fire and blue beetle you have booster gold you have ice bloodwind um you have maxima uh for those of you who don't know who maxima is she she's a very unusual character sometimes she's a hero when she's trying to win over superman to be her king other times she's a villain when she's obsessed with superman and once revenge against him uh it just depends on what the writer wants to do with her she's pretty much an alien version of wonder woman um and she doesn't take no for an answer also included in this story i believe alan scott was in the movie as well or not in the movie in the comic as well uh and he was listed as brain lantern at this time i believe i could be wrong but i believe alan scott does appear at some point see like splash pages like that you don't get artwork like that anymore it's just it's iconic is what it is iconic okay maybe i'm maybe i was wrong maybe uh alan scott uh there's the guardian uh no it's not jimmy olson like in supergirl it's a clone of the original guardian maybe alan scott was in a different issue that's right he was in one of the reign of the superman comics that's where i'm getting mixed up and this version of lex luther was actually a clone of lex luther a younger a younger clone of lex luther with his mind with lex luther's mind and he portrayed himself as the original lex luther's son uh this supergirl was not carazor l or carazor l i mean it was actually an alien shapeshifter right there this panel back in the day this panel really really confused me because i wasn't aware that this wasn't uh the real supergirl it was a alien shapeshifter and this bibo made appearances before this but none of them were so as big and during the reign of the superman storyline he actually dressed kind of like superman only in uh blue sweatpants with red shorts over the top and a uh superman t-shirt that kind of showed his gut uh but this really made bibo famous i really hope they showed this scene right here in the new movie uh that's also a pretty iconic scene this scene here here very nice just i really wish we got more old school dan jergen's artwork like this still i mean it's just i can't get over it that is superman i mean yeah you got other artists who do a good job with superman and all that but no one quite did superman like dan jergens it's an amazing story amazing artwork led into so many other amazing stories changed the changed comics forever uh after this death was never the same in comics superheroes would always come back uh the only ones who never did were you know uncle ben um sue dibney characters like that that changed the course of a character's history uh but other superheroes and villains after this they would always come back it may have taken a while but they always came back i really hope dc does this animated movie perfectly or as close to perfect as you can given the cast of characters they're using and the art style they're using i really wish they would have gone with the dan jergen style uh that would have been epic but i can understand why they didn't um so anyway and something else the new death of superman movie is going to be nothing like superman doomsday uh with superman doomsday that was really the introduction of the dc animated universe they tried to keep the superman animated series art styles a little bit for the most part um and keep it within the super uh the dc animated universe like batman the animated series superman in the animated series just as like just as like unlimited and they tried to contain it within that universe and they had a small budget so they couldn't really do an all out death of superman death and return of superman storyline so they merged a lot of the characters they merged a raticator henshaw and superboy into the superman clone uh the battle with doomsday was is okay it wasn't as epic as i would have liked let's hope they do a better job with this movie so anyway guys there you have it the death of superman trade paperback hope you guys enjoy this video i hope you guys enjoy the movie yet when it comes out uh later this year i'm shannon for com again tv the only place on youtube where all geek culture collides don't forget to hit that subscribe button hit the like leave a comment down below and we'll see you again real soon take care


Hello and welcome to Newsclick. It has been one year since the abrogation of article 370 in Kashmir and one year since the statehood of Jammu and Kashmir was revoked. To talk about this, we have with us Dr. Radha Kumar, who was formally appointed as an interlocutor by the center to Kashmir in 2010. And we will be discussing with her the current situation in Kashmir after many promises were made by the Amit Shah and Narendra Modi duo of, you know, development, prosperity for the citizens of Kashmir when this move was passed. But what really is the situation today? To talk about this, we have with us Dr. Radha Kumar. Thank you for joining us today. Thank you. So to start with, can you talk about just the present situation in Kashmir in terms of the health, the education and the livelihoods of people? But how has that been affected by all these different kinds of lockdowns that have been in place first due to the August 4 lockdown, then the COVID lockdown. So while the report that you're also a part of the forum on for human rights in Jammu and Kashmir, which recently published its report on the impact of the lockdown in Kashmir. What were the sort of findings that came out in the process of compiling the support on the situation right now? The first I think finding was how a whole series of human rights from Hades Corpus to the right to bail to the right to a speedy trial to protections against arbitrary arrest to the rights of children not to be arrested. All of these were violated from August 4 onwards. What we did find, and there was very little recourse in the sense that the courts took a very, very long time on any of these petitions on Hades Corpus or bail. And in that sense, one might say that really, you can say that those rights were denied even by the courts, which is a sad situation. We also found that you have people in India perhaps don't realize that what we're talking about is in effect one year of lockdown in what used to be a state of the country. And obviously, if you have one year of a lockdown, you are going to have terrible impacts on the economy on health and on education. Looking at industry estimates that have come out of the valley, for example, from the Kashmir Chamber of Commerce and Industry indicate that there could be a loss of as much as 40,000 crore across all sectors of the industry. Obviously, the most severely affected were also those that contributed a very large proportion of the GDP of the state, the fruit industry, the tourism industry services. All of these were severely impacted smaller industries like handicrafts or information technology. Many, many companies, especially startups were forced to go out of business. In the March budget, we did not see any allocations for compensations for these losses. And these losses were not due to natural disasters, but due to manmade disaster. On health, we saw interestingly that the impact on health could be divided into two phases. The first phase being the first say two to three months from August 4th to let's say October. When, you know, communications were snapped when section 144 was imposed when no one could go to the hospital and when you could not speak to your doctor on the telephone. Clinics were closed. Pharmacies could not deliver medicines. Vital medicines did not arrive at pharmacies. Already, news reports have indicated that several people died in that period just for lack of access to healthcare. And that's really very shocking. The COVID lockdown by contrast was allowed some movement. People could go to hospitals even though on average it took three or four times the amount of time to get to a hospital compared to pre August 2019. But still doctors had terrible difficulties. They could not keep up with the latest information and research on the pandemic and methods of dealing with it. Nurses could not attend even government conferences digitally because of the restriction to two G networks and patients who spoke to their doctors were not able to visually explain what their ailment was. So across all categories, you saw a negative, a severe negative impact on healthcare. Education was one of the major sufferers. First, post the lockdown schools were closed. Then when they were opened, it was very difficult for parents to send their children to school because they couldn't communicate with them on the phone. They couldn't check on them. They couldn't communicate with the school. And that was a risk that obviously most parents were not willing to take as I would not be either. When things began to improve slightly and some movement was allowed. And at least some basic communication was possible. Schools open for perhaps two weeks, then there were winter vacations, then came the COVID pandemic and again, the continuing restriction to two G at this point became really dire in terms of its impact on education because online classes could barely function. Most of the time they were snapped. You could not, you know, many students couldn't even get online. And this we found across the board in all parts of Jamu and Kashmir, this problem of two G and teachers as well as students were traumatized by the inability for the students the inability to learn or to even see, you know, familiar friendly faces and for teachers the inability to deliver the kind of education that they wished to give their students. I mean, teaching is like health is a vocation. Still, it's not a money making enterprise. So that that that I would say was tragic. Doctors have told us how the rates of trauma have shot up stress trauma distress disability inability to function. The innumerable mental health problems from child to adult. Again, across the state. Now, looking at all of these, you ask yourself, why you know what can be the possible justification for this. We hear the Jamu and Kashmir administration as well as the Union Home Ministry, saying that all of these steps were necessary in the name of security that if these steps had not been taken and figures for militancy would rise figures of terrorism cross border organization and so on would all rise. I would only say that they have not really shown any substantive or convincing evidence. It is true that figures for casualties have dropped by about 30% compared to the same one year preceding year of August to you know 2018 to June 2019. But that drop is not in absolute numbers. It's not a very large drop. We're talking maybe a couple of hundred. So if you look deeper into the government figures, what you see is that actually incidents of violence were dropping continuously from 2002 onwards from a height of say you know 4000 or 5000 incidents by 2013 you had come down to something like 150 slowly after 2014 those figures for violence started to rise slightly but still very slightly compared to the 90s or even the early 2000s. The only conclusion to be derived from those figures is actually that the impact of peace and dialogue processes during the 2000s did impact in terms of bringing incidents of violence down. And there were two major factors. I mean one was the dialogue with all shades of political opinion as the government put it in Jammu and Kashmir. And the other was the fact that the security forces had adopted a hearts and minds policy where they tried for example to restrict cordon and search operations to the bare minimum and to ensure that you know orders that the Supreme Court had supported the army chief to give in terms of respect for human rights that those were strictly adhered to to the extent possible. I mean security forces never adhere strictly to all human rights norms. So so these two factors together had contributed a great deal to the rise of some hope for a political solution to this long standing issue of the relationship between Jammu and Kashmir and the rest of the Indian Union. However what we've seen from 2014 onwards and certainly at a really accelerated pace in this last one year is that cordon and search operations for example have shot up in number. Every single day we saw from the beginning of June to date almost we have had a cordon and search operation, whichever way you cut it that is inevitably going to lead, not only to an increase in casualties, but even more seriously to a real alienation of the population. Again I would say any one of us can imagine what it would be like to have suddenly, you know, a number of armed soldiers come surround our locality, start searching all the houses in some cases where there is strong evidence to show that militants may be hiding laying IEDs. It is a very terrifying experience and it cannot be something that can become a norm. It has to be rare if you want actually to bring peace in an area. Yeah definitely that was an interesting part of the report how the complete focus on security considerations over the lives of the people is also significantly contributing to the alienation process. And another area of major impact is of course the Kashmiri media. So what were your findings on the media, on the independence of media, considering the effects of the new media policy and also of course the severe restrictions on internet connectivity. Well, let me begin first with what happened in August. With the imposition of 144 snapping of all communications and so on, and preventive detentions of 6600 people, a vast number, was that protest was very difficult. And I did notice that the media actually expressed its protest by refusing to publish for as long as two months. So that silent protest I think was quite important you know when people say oh there was no protest. The fact is that if you look there was actually quite a lot of protest, some of it silent, not only did the media refuse to publish, parents decided to boycott schools. Again in a sign of protest. So you had many instances of that sort. What also happened simultaneously was that you had always had some degree of censorship of the of the local media and Jamu and Kashmir, part of it was self censorship. Part of it was that whether it was government agencies or whether it was other funders, they would often put advertisements only in those papers which they felt reflected their point of view or praise their actions so you did have that kind of problem earlier to Nevertheless, you saw in the period from let us say 2002 three onwards, quite a flowering of the media in Jamu and Kashmir large number of papers were published and they had relative freedom. If you went by the opinion columns, you had every type of opinion being expressed you had very loud criticism sometimes you had huge support for what we call separatist opinion. All of that just stopped from August 2019. We have not seen I mean it is astonishing that when you have a step as major, as removing the special status of a unit of the of the Union, and then you decide to divide it and demoted to two Union territories, something that has not happened in the history of independent India. You would expect some criticism. The fact that there has been absolutely no opinion article published on these political issues is is is absolutely astounding and it can only mean drastic draconian censorship. The new media policy in that sense substantiates that suspicion. If you read that policy it is basically handing over control of the media to the security agencies. It's absolute censorship. It's a disaster. And it surely must be illegal. And yeah, like you like you said, in the beginning of this question how they were how media is, of course, one way to resist, which is now basically been clamped down. And also with this heavy handed security approach and the clamp down on media now what do you think are the avenues of resistance peaceful resistance that are now available to the people what, how do you think people can now resist. Well, I think that, of course I may be being terribly optimistic, but my sense is that it's increasingly difficult to justify keeping the the severe curves and restrictions going in Jamu and Kashmir. You know, okay first six months you sort of say well we don't want protests there all these threats of terrorism, and so on and so forth. But now you've had a year. The COVID lockdowns are easing all over the country. In any case, 4G has nothing to do with COVID. Even this government will not claim it has anything to do with COVID. Having an absolute security type administration is not sustainable. The protest has gradually mounted over this past year, if not within the state, certainly in other parts of the country internationally, and so on. And so my sense is that, for example, more opinion, more critical opinion is going to be expressed now. And it will not be so easy to simply arrest people who are critical and charge them with PSA or UAPA or some other draconian legislation. The courts are beginning to wake up to all the criticism on habeas corpus and bail. You must have seen that the media is now beginning to highlight those issues, the media, the national media. And so I expect that slowly we are going to hear more voices from Jammu and Kashmir. It may only be speech. I would be interested to see if any of the political parties try to organize a gathering, what will be the response. But at this present moment, because of the COVID lockdown, it's difficult to organize a gathering. Though I do notice that the BJP, for example, is having gatherings. I mean, Mr. Shah, the Home Minister seems to have contracted COVID at a BJP function. So it's interesting that, okay, some people can have gatherings, others cannot. But that is a state that we have seen all over our country in the past one year. Because the distinctions and the biases are very clear. To go back to your question. Therefore, I expect to see more, at least public expression, maybe only through speech, maybe not through gathering. On the other hand, I think that all of us must also and quite realistically fear that other forms of protest, for example, arise in militancy. Again, you cannot indefinitely maintain the kind of tight security clamped down in presence that you have and that you have had for one year. This is not indefinitely maintainable or sustainable. And I'm sure that even within the security forces, there are voices saying that. So if that starts to loosen a little, you can also expect that militant protest may also increase. And that of course is a problem. It's a terrible problem. First and foremost for the people of Jammu and Kashmir to have to again undergo a period of militancy that had gradually beginning to disappear. So I say this with sorrow that it does seem to me that this is a likelihood. Of course, we all know that the best way to deal with militancy is peace talks. The evidence is very clear to see. During the peace process of 2004 to 2007, eight, that's when you saw the really dramatic decline of violence. And that lesson is so clear that evidence is so clear that even today were the government just to to try to open peace talks. I think that they could prevent a huge rise in militancy, but it's a very difficult task. And I don't see any inclination at the moment in this government. I also wanted to know about the current recommendations that your report made that the report of the Forum of Human Rights on Jammu and Kashmir makes on how the situation present situation can be improved. Can you also talk a little bit about that just to conclude our interview. Sure. Well, as you see, we have made 12 recommendations, which is not too large a number but large enough. On human rights, on the classic human rights, we've said that all these denials, whether it's habeas corpus or preventive detention or, you know, using draconian charges to silence dissent arrest of journalists, minors and so on, that both the government should release all who are still in detention, and that the courts should deal speedily in terms of the Constitution and the jurisprudence on habeas corpus, Dale, etc. As well. And we have also said that minors under no conditions can be put in detention, which is the law. We have actually not said anything which is not the law basically what we've said is please obey the law in letter if not in spirit to make sure that that these fundamental human rights are not violated in the way they have been. We've said 4G should be restored in total. We've said compensation needs to be given to industries that suffered losses due to be August for the political what one may call the political clap down. We've talked about the need for for children to be given the kind of mental health care that the Supreme Court itself had ordered, but on which again we have absolutely no information whether it has happened or not. We have raised the question of section 144, which you know is never supposed to be imposed in a blanket fashion. Its district magistrates are supposed to take into account the prevailing conditions within the district and to be convinced of clear and present danger, not speculation of danger, but some evidence that actually shows real danger, and only then should they impose section 144. That principle has been violated completely for the past one year, you even have I mean government orders JK government orders saying all district magistrates may be directed to apply section 144. That is not within the mandate of a home secretary or a chief secretary that is only to be decided by the district magistrate on the ground. So series of of of those recommendations. Thank you rocker adik ma for speaking to us today. And that is all the time we have today keep watching this.


Hi everyone! This month I'm going to show you around the new Portland Regional Chamber of Commerce website. First, welcome to the new site! As you will see, we now have the opportunity on our home page to better highlight our events, our members, and our most important announcements all in one place. Let's take a look at the navigation at the top of the homepage. First, here's where our video newsletters stored each month. You can click into the page and see past newsletters as well as the hyperlink transcript for each report. Here is a page that highlights each of our wonderful sponsors. Under the Connect with Us tab, you'll find information about the many community chambers that make up the Portland Regional Chamber of Commerce. Click on any of the communities listed to find out more about that community and its chamber. You'll also find under this tab an About Us page and a page where you can connect with all the staff members at the Portland Regional Chamber of Commerce. There's also a page about the value of membership with the Portland Regional Chamber. Connect with our members is another great tab to check out. Here you'll find a list of our newest members, our SEO optimized member directory, and a listing of member-to-member deals. This member-to-member deals page is a fantastic place for your business to offer specials and promotions to other member businesses. All you have to do is email me the details and I'll pop it up there for you. The Events tab is a great place to start if you're looking for networking opportunities with our other members. We have both a calendar and an events listing page for all chamber-related events, as well as a page for our members to post their events. If you have an event to share, just send me an email and I can send along details about what information to include in your posting. The Resources tab is where you'll find all the information you're looking for in regards to relocation, economic development, jobs, education, and entrepreneurship. In the CEO's corner, you'll find Chris Hall's bi-weekly CEO updates as well as links to contact our elected officials. I hope you'll take a moment to look around our site. I love getting feedback about what we can do to better make the Portland Regional Chamber of Commerce's website work for you, so don't hesitate to reach out if you have suggestions. We're just a phone call away. Have a delightful day.