Live from Las Vegas, it's theCUBE. Covering IBM Think 2018, brought to you by IBM. Welcome back to theCUBE. We are live at IBM Think 2018, our inaugural event. I'm Lisa Martin with Dave Vellante. We're joined by another Vegas veteran as we all are. First time guests of theCUBE, Brett Greenstein, the VP of Watson IoT offerings. Brett, welcome to theCUBE. Thank you very much, exciting to be here. Yeah, so this is the inaugural Think 2018 event. 40,000 plus attendees expected over 10 keynotes, lots of cool stuff. Speaking of cool stuff, IoT. What is happening in IoT this year? So we've been here in Vegas several times over the last several years talking about the internet of things, but what's really pivoted, it's really changed as people are talking about applied IoT. How they're using it to get business outcomes, something different happening. And I think when we all started with the internet of things, we talked a lot about connecting stuff and devices, but really it was always about the data and the effect that data had on changing business, changing user engagement, changing outcomes. And so here on stage, you're going to see people talking about how their businesses have been changed, how their customers are changing as a result of IoT. Yeah, so I mean, I've always felt like IoT is the intersection of devices, data and machine intelligence. How are those sort of three things coming together? What's the data model look like? Data model is every type of data. I think what people really didn't expect was it wasn't just machine data coming off, sensors, temperatures, vibrations, it's all this unstructured data coming in from connected things that are everywhere in our lives. So sensors with cameras, for example, being able to see, that's not just recorded images, but it's information, tons of information that you need AI systems and other systems to interpret. So we're able to take all of that data, unstructured data, numeric stuff coming off of devices and sensors, but images and sound and vibration, even emotional content and people's dialogue, all of that is relevant to the internet things. What's the conversation like with customers? They remember what I was saying, okay, what physical assets do we have that we can, instruments, parking meters and whatever, okay. What physical assets don't we have that we should have? How can we leverage our existing data? What's the conversation like in terms of transformations that are going on? I think the conversations have shifted a lot. Over the last couple years, people were talking about, we want to connect our thing, whatever the thing is, whether it's an elevator, a car, whatever. We want to connect it, what does that mean? And that's shifted very quickly to customers who are coming in talking about information, data and insights, and they want to know, what should I do to get more of those insights? So I'm seeing customers now with chief data officers or heads of digital transformation, totally new roles that didn't exist before, and they're coming in with a data-centric view, they're saying we're going to be a digital business. We need to understand all this live data about our customers and our things and our business process, help us do that. And so that's much more than just instrumenting the individual devices now. And I find that conversation is really, really focused on the value of the data. What about the industry impact in this context? Do you see, as IBM's perspective, is IoT, it's certainly transformative, but is it disruptive, or is it sort of, the guys with infrastructure are going to evolve to it? Is it more evolutionary? Is it more disruptive? How do you see it? No, I think there's room for both. Obviously, traditional players are going to instrument their business process. They're bringing in connected cars and all that, but you could also look at those same industries and say there's new players emerging who are coming in with software-defined products that are digital by design, and they can come in and suddenly become leaders in their field. I don't think people would have expected companies like Tesla to be so disruptive in automotive, but coming in as electric changes the game without having to build on 100 years of mechanical design. You're building on some new principles. And now we see some new players coming into automotive who've never built cars at all before. Like Dyson, for example, that recently announced they were working on electric cars. So I think a digital platform, a digital way of thinking also creates opportunities for new entrants in every market. I think automobiles is actually a great example because it's an industry that hasn't been, largely hasn't been disrupted, but then you use an example of Tesla, which is extremely innovative. You could actually pretend disruptions coming down and you're seeing whole ecosystems form around that. Right, right. And I think what was so powerful about the effect they had was it's a software-defined product. The software in it is upgraded constantly, sometimes you buy the car, the next day you get a new feature you didn't even expect. And this is the way we've come to appreciate experience through mobile and everything else. Software that continues to improve, products that get more valuable over time, not less valuable over time. So let's talk about Watson and IoT and I'd also love to maybe take a slice on how IBM is helping customers that have been around, maybe the flip side of a Tesla that have been around a long time. How are they leveraging Watson and IoT to transform their businesses? But kind of start with kind of what's new with Watson and IoT over from there. So I'd mentioned before that there's a whole bunch of many data types now that previously were very hard to interpret through traditional analytics, but AI and machine learning gave you the ability to absorb and consume some of that data. Unstructured sound, images, video, vibration, all of that stuff is now able to be part of a business process. So even traditional companies that have been around a long time can start to look at the data coming off of cameras, visual inspection and manufacturing, sound and voice, for example. We work with Jefferson Hospital where they brought Watson into patients' rooms so you could ask questions like visiting hours or set the temperature, put the patients in control of their experience in a hospital. That takes a traditional experience like a hospital recovery room and turns it into something AI-driven, IoT-powered and puts the patient at the center. So very big changes can occur when you do that. How far do you see us being able to take AI in this whole world of IoT and how far should we take it? I think we have to start to become more appreciative of the power of machine learning to drive outcomes that are not as easily prescribed with code. And so all of us, all of our business processes, all of our businesses will be enhanced with AI. And we shouldn't look at that in any other way as a better tool to understand data in a way that's different than the way that we interpret data. And so it wasn't long ago where big data just meant writing an algorithm and looking across large volumes of data. But now we literally have algorithms whose job is to find patterns, whose job is to understand data from training and deliver an outcome that you couldn't have prescribed before. And so those types of problems, if it just opens up a class of problems, we can all solve them out that we couldn't before. Well, and you're seeing a whole set of digital services emerge. I mean, the link where Franca is changing, it's sense here, see, respond, optimize, fix. Right. And all that comes from comprehending. So having a system that can look, for example, I have a camera aimed outside my window at my house and every once in a while, I feed the images into Watson to see what it sees. When I first did it, it would say truck. But later, as we've made Watson better, now it says FedEx truck or UPS truck. It can read the writing, it can see the patterns. Every camera should know what it sees, whether it's in a car or in a home or somewhere else, because it's much more valuable than just taking a picture and letting a human being interpret it later. So cameras should know what they see, machines should know what they hear, machines should tell us when they're about to break based on vibration or sound. And so this is possible with machine learning. So you're seeing machines actually take on a whole new set of human-like activities. Digital twins is an example. What's your perspective on, let's start there, digital twins? Yeah, digital twin to me represents sort of the evolution of IoT in that it's digitizing things. And so a thing that has no connectivity and very few sensors is just a thing, just a box, a block. But as you start to put sensors on it, start to understand its behavior, its motion, its vibration, its location, any of the mechanisms, the angles, all this stuff, then you've had a virtual representation of that thing. And if you can do that of all the things in your business, you can start to look for patterns, you can start to assess what's working and what's not working. So I think it just represents a true digitization of a business, of a class of objects in your business. Does IoT make security a do-over, in your opinion? I know, but it certainly raises the bar. And so when we all started connecting our computers to the internet, I remember everyone being panicked. If you put a disk in your machine, you might get a virus, right? Then we connect them to the internet, we all panic, but the tools evolved. And we start to get things that can help detect zero-day problems and stuff, all kinds of... In the case of IoT, you've got these software-defined products that are connected. That are inherently vulnerable because they're in the real world, they can be touched by other things. So it raises the bar in the expectation of monitoring normal behavior for things, monitoring all kinds of different threats and stuff. So companies like IBM that focus so much on security and security services, we build that right into our platform so we can keep an eye on that. And also, when things occur, be able to push out new software that is protected. So firmware updates, keeping the products live and current is a huge security protection. Brett, how would you describe the ecosystem, IBM's point of view on the ecosystem, that you've got to form and catalyze in order to succeed in IoT? What does that look like? Yeah, so there are so many things for people to do in the world of IoT that IBM doesn't prescribe to do all of them at all. There's things we're really, really good at. We're certainly good at our cloud infrastructure and the analytics and the platforms that enable this and deep industry knowledge, but the ability to apply that in businesses to take our machine learning algorithms and make it work on the thousands of classes of machines in manufacturing requires a huge partner ecosystem. So we work very openly on contributions to standards and open source. We certainly work with partners who build a lot of value around our stuff. So for example, on stage this week, we have several partners who are going to be up there. One of them is Harman who builds all kinds of things including infotainment units and cars and the professional equipment that goes into hotels and buildings. So we work with them to build great integrated value together and they do things that they're experts in and we do what we're experts in. So from an IoT perspective, what are some of the cool things that are here at IBM Think 2018 that those that are attending are going to get to see and feel and touch and smell? Well, there's the things I can talk about and things I can't. So tomorrow we have some very exciting announcements coming up that'll talk a lot more about Watson and IoT coming together. I just saw all I can say about that. But you'll also see physical representations of things. There's a Jaguar Land Rover out here on the floor to look at where we've contributed significantly to the engineering and the software development inside these kinds of products like JLR. So they're going to be up on stage talking about some of the things we're doing together. You'll hear ABB here talking about some of the work we're doing around manufacturing techniques and helping manage wind turbines. So all kinds of really cool industrial use cases. It's really exciting and I think working in IoT is great because not only do you get to talk about technology and the analytics and the data, but you actually get to see things. So it makes all of this feel very real when you can walk up to and see a thing that's infused with IoT and made better because of IBM. What inning are we in? What's that? What inning are we in? Oh, it's still early. It's still early, third inning still. Mostly because so much of the market is still working to figure out how to take advantage of the data and the insights about this to transform their business. I think if you thought of the dot com era and how long it took for companies to emerge to be truly digital e-businesses, on-demand businesses, the IoT businesses, the AI driven businesses of the future, it's still very early. Some of them probably you don't even know their names yet but they're going to be the leaders of this time. Do you think it'll happen faster because there is an internet or not so much because of the physical infrastructure that has to get built out? No, the infrastructure is actually not the gate at all. The real gate is the cultural difference of having people who are data driven, data thinkers, having a leadership role in our clients. And so if you can think about it, mechanical things have dominated for 100 years. Software engineers are still not even the most senior people in most of the companies that build physical things. But to have the data scientists, have the data leaders have a strong enough role to define business process, it's really the readiness and maturity of those data leaders. Yeah, so the culture of a mechanical engineering, culture that says don't touch my things. Right. I'm not going to let a software engineer come in and mess with it because it works, it's secure. I trust it. So that's the cultural one of the cultural dimensions. Yeah, it's to look at what the data might mean, whether you want to just understand how your users use your things, or if you want to understand what they're doing with those things somewhere else, or even what the value of the insights of your users are and building entirely new ecosystems of the data of IoT. All right, so we're in the third inning. We'll say the top of the third. Okay. But one of the things that you share with us is that you're excited about is that this is about applied IoT to get business outcomes. Yes. Shared some examples that attendees of the event are going to hear from ABB, you mentioned, you mentioned the land member that's here, right, Harman as well, and maybe some best practices for how to advise companies to get through some of those cultural hurdles, we'll say, to start embracing the opportunities that are within the IoT space. Yeah, I think the best thing people can do is to start to really, I'm going to say it again, put value on data science. It doesn't mean everyone has to be a data geek, but it does mean you have to have a certain value on the skills and the insights that come from a data-driven business. What does it mean to make decisions in real time based on your customers? For 100 years when companies shipped a washing machine, it went into someone's house and sat for 10 years, and they never heard from the person ever again until they bought another one 10 years later. But now when you ship a washing machine, you want people to connect it to the Wi-Fi. You want to know the features that are used, suddenly as a manufacturer of things, you have to respect the data coming off of those things because they inform you on how to design better, how to deliver better service and value, which means those engineers who are the experts in washing machines now have to be the experts in the data of washing machines and the data of their users. So I would say focus on the education, the recruitment, the enablement, the empowerment of people who are data centric by nature and who are looking for the transformation of a digital business from a physical business.  Good luck tomorrow with your presentation and we are going to be waiting on the edge of our seats for those Watson IoT announcements. Very exciting. Okay, thank you so much. You can watch all of our good stuff on theCube.net live, of course, as we are now, as well as the interviews that we've already done and those that we'll be doing for the next two days as our coverage continues at IBM Think 2018. Also check out siliconangle.com, our media site for all the near real-time coverage of this event and others. For Dave Vellante and Brett to Vegas Veterans, I'm Lisa Martin. Stick around, Dave and I are going to be right back after a short break.


what's good y'all shabora back again with another video so I'm gonna check out top 10 John Cena most savage promos by wrestling flashback y'all make sure y'all go subscribe to him I'm already subscribed to him this should be a good video I mean we were just uh checking out John Cena's 20th anniversary in WWE this past Monday night uh on Monday night raw so it only makes sense to check out some of his legendary promos I've said on that video uh on the 20th anniversary of John Cena being in WWE I said in that video he's one of the the greater promo guys out there he can deliver a great promo he can sell you on a match he can sell you pretty much on any feud the dude is fantastic at what it comes off natural it comes off believable when he's talking you know and uh that's the one thing I can always give credit to John he knows how to control a controller crowd with his presence with his voice so this should be a good one man appreciate all the love and support on the channel man let's get right into this bad boy whether you love him or you hate him there is no denying that John Cena can cut one hell of a promo your face looks like my nuts except you gotta hurry a bush from his early days as a wannabe M&M tying his opponents verbal knots that was a different John back then he has stood out above most others as a truly great talker now while he can oftentimes come across as goofy especially during the PG era well he's a great talker but we know he's a company guy he toes the line he doesn't really curse too much not in the PG era John he didn't really curse too much you know he he told the company line but the dude can still deliver a good promo my life is being ruined by the internet when he turns it on there are a few that can touch him on the mic he's proved in recent years that he doesn't need to go back to the thugonomics he doesn't need a silly rap he just needs to be himself so here I break down 10 times John Cena spit some truths on the stick and completely own the superstar he was in the ring with number 10 Daniel Bryan during the builder this was a good 2013 promo on Miz TV Bryan cut one of his best promos to date but as good as Brian was Cena really made a statement and delivered big time in the promo Cena listed his hit list which included the likes of Triple H the Rock and Shawn Michaels but when Brian tells Cena to wait because he's talking about his victims like there's so much better than him someone from the crowd shouts they are brutal you talk about all those people like they are so much better than me I want to know who that guy was I always wanted to know who was that guy that was like they are hey bro and it was such a serious promo because you could tell the crowd was quiet in all your hears they are Cena laughed at the heckle and went on to state that Brian wasn't on their level and he didn't belong there yet because you don't belong in that Bryan then discussed in Japan that people slapped each other before a match to fire each other up but Bryan said Cena didn't deserve it you're not a wrestler as a result Cena this is such a good promo they did a great job in building this feud at the time as the best wrestler in the world against the best entertainer and the crowd ate it up yeah because it was steeped in reality yes it was number nine Dean Ambrose in the build-up to the triple threat match between Ambrose Cena and this is when SmackDown uh who remembers this SmackDown this version of SmackDown when AJ Styles was the champ who remembers that version of SmackDown bring me back no mercy Cena and Ambrose had a heated exchange on SmackDown Cena claimed that he wasn't surprised when Austin called Dean out on his podcast Stone Cold was right when he called you out on his podcast that was a good one too the podcast Cena was referring to was where Austin questioned Ambrose work ethic believing he was complacent and asked him to raise his game which Ambrose claimed to be offended by Cena went on to tell Ambrose that he hadn't stepped up and he also told him that he has no balls because you ain't stepped up you fell off all you've been showing the WWE universe is that you got no balls bro this is a good segment by calling Cena a lazy part-timer that can't keep up anymore lazy part-timer but at that point the damage had already been done to Ambrose John Cena doesn't care about Dean Ambrose document the shield to bona fide WWE superstars one guy still trying to figure it out Dean Ambrose number one Bray Wyatt in the buildup to that this was so good I just wish at this point I could have cared a little bit more for Bray Wyatt but it was still entertaining what they did with no fans that match was fun bro that that was such a fun match I go recommend anybody go watch that match if you haven't or whatnot if you missed out on it it's just it's crazy it's kind of hokey but it's so much that they did and so much they were saying with this match it was it was fun bro I love this their WrestleMania 36 match Cena talked about how for years he gets blamed for beating other people and somehow ruin their career Cena said that Wyatt got lazy gave up and blamed him while adding that Bray's biggest enemy is himself he recounted his losses and other setbacks and said that he isn't referred to as buried because he accepts responsibility he went off on way too many WWE superstars implying Wyatt who get lazy and blame everyone else they get lazy and they blame everybody else but themselves he went on to label Wyatt as the most overhyped overvalued and overprivileged superstar in WWE history the most overhyped overvalued overprivileged WWE superstar in existence as well as being someone who doesn't deserve an opportunity more than certain NXT stars why on earth do we continue to give fifth and sixth chances to people all they do is say what about me and not how can I help you he also had a backstage interview subsequently deleted by the WWE where he said I also know that the fiend is Bray Wyatt is Husky Harris is a guy in a mask I'm sick of hearing a certain group of WWE superstars walk around and say I deserve this or I deserve that Cena didn't hold back with Wyatt in this feud yeah it's good thing Wyatt eventually ended up the victor not that they've done too much with him since then mind you number seven Randy Orton during their feud in 2013 for the undisputed world title belts Cena went off on Orton on an episode of raw dice this was a good segment too and professionally a guy like you has been given every single thing in the WWE he said that when Orton actually got into the WWE he was sheltered by the best in the business all he does is hide behind Triple H and Stephanie he said that Orton has always blamed others and pointed fingers referring to his real life behavior problems inside and outside the ring you got the balls to stand in this ring and say you're better than anybody here it is crazy because Daniel Bryan got the most love in this segment bro Daniel Bryan got the most love in this entire segment Cena's promo was excellent he set up the match perfectly as Orton needing to prove himself despite everything he's already accomplished if you hold on to this you can finally say hey guys look I'm finally what I was supposed to be 10 years ago good segment Dolph Ziggler Dwayne Lee turn on John at TLC 2012 in favor of Dolph Cena had some choice words for Ziggler on Raw during their new year celebration Cena was great on the mic breaking through the fourth wall making references to how Ziggler has yet to break through WWE's proverbial glass ceiling he mentioned that Dolph has been in the WWE for seven years and he's not stopped complaining I ain't gonna lie to you John Cena he fucking eviscerated Dolph and I was like damn he eviscerated him on his promo thing to management about his lack of a push this is not your first year here Dolph it is your seventh Cena then gives a quick rundown of Ziggler's career this month the Dolph Ziggler story goes like this first you were a caddy then you were a cheerleader then you had blonde hair then you had brown hair now you have blonde hair then you had a large girlfriend now you got a small girlfriend now you got a large man and you walk around with a suitcase that has a contract and a bunch of Valtricks he sent Dolph Ziggler to the gulags I mean he sent him straight to the gulags bro jeez words when he made it clear to Dolph that he needs to look deep in the mirror to find out what kind of man he is only way a guy like you gets a set of nuts is by Bynum at the concession stand. Cena finished the promo off by giving a mock toast to Dolph and AJ and praises them for what they're full of. Full of you know what? AJ Styles. John Cena facing off with AJ Styles is something that nobody ever expected to see but when it happened the two men created magic in the ring their matches were incredible but they also had many amazing promos to build it up and perhaps their greatest promo on Smackdown Cena trashed the independent scene claiming he wasn't built for it and then he proceeded to break the fourth wall he spoke openly about the fact that if he beat AJ he would have buried him and that's all anyone would say you're gonna try as hard as you can to make it here and if you ever fail I'll know it ain't your fault it's my fault right because I buried you. Cena praised his styles for being hot for like six months while Cena claimed that he had held this place down for a decade Cena said that regardless how good Styles thinks he is he isn't at Cena's level or the level below him Cena said AJ is just a guy holding on to that championship because he let him and that Styles is just like everyone else hating on him but trying his best to be him. Mr face that runs the place Cena delivered an excellent promo here and all those styles made a lot of great points Cena fired back and put him in his place number four CM Punk. Now their rivalry their back and fores were so great when CM Punk was a face it was fantastic when CM Punk was a heel it was fantastic them. I ain't gonna lie to y'all man I would love to see them have one more match just them two I would love to see them have one more match bro and I'll be good they don't have to do anything else I know the promos alone would be fantastic. Cena and Punk's feud was amazing but it was in a promo before night of champions 2012 that Cena really let Punk have it. Cena said that Punk had held the belt for 300 days and for 300 days the belt had been irrelevant. For 300 days you have been WWE champion for 300 days that championship has been irrelevant. He didn't even main event a pay-per-view in nine months. The night you made the most noise was ironically the night your microphone was turned silent. Cena says that Punk promised change but it wasn't anything that he said. That was really bad booking to be honest with you but he wanted at the time the only change was that Punk became a star. He also claimed that Punk has no idea who he is because Punk steals colors from Hall of Famers and stole the elbow from the late Randy Savage.  This was such a big problem I'll say. The Rock. The Rock and John Cena had an epic feud that spanned over two years where to a lot of fans surprised it was actually John Cena who seemed to come out the best during these exchanges. Many people credit this to Cena's return to Thuganomics where he spent some home truths on The Rock. I love the back and forth. But it was never more clear during a two-minute promo back in February 2012. John Cena stole the show in the closing segment. It was all about The Rock and then Cena spun it around. Cena did more with his two minutes than The Rock had done in the 20 minutes before.  Cena said that he is the guy that talks Rock Down because Rock's not there. However, Rock is only half right because Cena will run Rock Down when he is there too. Cena also mentioned that he used to love Rock until he met Dwayne Johnson.  He then mentioned that he doesn't need words trending on Twitter or his promo printed on his wrist. Yeah, that was a real jab because The Rock had his promo on his wrist. So that was like an inside jab that he threw there. I love that.  Like, oh shit, I wouldn't expect you to say that maybe. Or maybe they planned on saying that. Who planned on him saying that? Either way, it was still a nice touch to the promo. It wasn't something anybody expected to see as Cena crossed the huge line and pointed out a major flaw with what The Rock had been doing, burying him in front of the fans. The crowd even began to cheer Cena when he dropped the mic after telling Rock to keep trending. Yeah, part of me wants to believe I don't think they went over saying he was gonna do that. Like, you know what I'm saying?  You know what I'm saying? I think that was more of an audible by John Cena. I'm sure they probably had some worried to backstage. Number two, The Miz. Now, The Miz and Cena have feuded a number of times, but their rivalry in 2017 became truly personal and led to some John Cena's greatest mic work. During this time, their in-ring promo segments began to blur the lines between kayfabe and reality, with a 16-time champ laying down some harsh truths to The Miz and his wife. In the first of the two savage promos on Miz TV in Feb 2017, Miz chewed out Cena live on air.  Cena ranted about how The Rock was a part-timer going off to Hollywood, and now Cena is treading the same path. Cena then responded by calling Miz a dude named Mike who shortened his last name to be like The Rock. When you got here, you straight up stole Chris Jericho's personality. You stole Ric Flair's figure for Leglock.   The greatness of this promo was that they took personal shots, like how Cena talked about how Miz doesn't really have his own identity. Next time we talk, don't bring a knife to a gunfight. This is so good. This was then followed up a month later with an even better promo from Cena, where he took shots at The Miz's movies claiming nobody had seen them and they were just bootleg versions of films that he had already made, crushing his acting career. Cena then turned to Marisse and pointed out that the WWE didn't want her back. They didn't ask you back because they didn't want you back because when you were here before, you didn't do Jack. Cena called Marisse a waste of space. He told her that she's only back because Miz begged WWE so he can be on Total Divas. He also made fun of the Miz and Marisse for not having kids joking. Even dropped a few non-PG words providing the fire that the build-up to this match needed by saying you're not the it-couple. That was one of the best promos from Cena because he was a mix of making things very- I get it. I wish they could have just left the S-word and just bleep it out. I wish they would have. It would have been better if he wouldn't have been able to do that. Repersonal, doing some comedy in there and just ripping on a dude for being inferior to him and the crowd was loving every bit. Definitely worth a watch. Number one of Roman Reigns. In the lead-up to their match at No Mercy 2017, Cena- Apparently all this was a work. Come to find out all this was planned for them to have this promos set up the way it was, but still part of me wants to believe that Roman really kind of forgot his lines. Part of me. Murdered Roman Reigns on the mic. During their contract signing, Cena made his thoughts on Reigns very clear, claiming that all he sees in him is a bootleg version of himself. A legendary promo segment. Cena continued by saying this jump right here, he ain't the guy. Dude, you're just a guy. A guy trying so desperately to fill shoes that you never will. He made it fit, but also made it very clear to anyone who knows anything about resting what was going on. WWE had been trying to make Reigns for years and it wasn't working like it was. Reigns set about explaining to Cena why the fans booed him after so many years of hustle, loyalty and respect, but then he forgot his lines. Cena decided he was cool to be kind. Eventually, Reigns did get out what he wanted to say. That's when Cena really turned it on.  I'm still here because you can't do your job line was so cutting on so many levels. He then finished it off with the line, you should be ashamed I'm a part-timer. Cena verbally undressed Reigns in an almost unprecedented fashion. The whole promo battle was a lesson for Reigns. It was an exercise with one of the best to ever do it on the microphone, and that brings us to the end of this video. As always, if you enjoy- Oh, this was dope, man. This was definitely dope to go down memory lane. I will say this, Roman is much better now. Roman is in his bag when it comes to promos. He's more confident. He seems more genuine.  Roman can hold his own in a promo, and I love it. But yeah, this is great, man. This is great just to see John Cena in his bag, in his element with some of these different wrestlers, man. It just brings back nostalgia memories. But comment down below. Let me know. I want to know what's your favorite John Cena promo of all time. For me, it's still going to be the Roman Reigns one. The reason why, because I don't know- I think I may have- I don't know if I watched that live. I don't think I watched it live, but I think I saw it on YouTube, and I was like, oh, shit, I got to see this match. Like, it was just- I was not expecting that. I wasn't expecting it. It just came off so real, so believable. But this was one of the few times people were cheering for John Cena in unison because we hated Roman Reigns' character so much. I want you to understand John Cena was getting a pop reaction because we hated Roman. It was anybody but Roman, and he said a lot of truths there. And I thought it was fantastic. I thought it was a great way to hype up their match. It was fantastic. And even John Cena couldn't get Roman over. Couldn't even get him over. It wasn't until he turned to you, that's when he was able to get over something. But that was my favorite John Cena back and forth promo. But let me know down below your favorite as well. Appreciate all of support. Road to 90K. Appreciate y'all kicking me. See y'all next week.


Hi everybody it's Sam at Mixed Up Craft, thank you for watching today. So I've got another Arteza product review, you've really been enjoying the other ones that I've shared and I do have some more to bring you over the next coming weeks. So today I'm going to be showing you the 72 watercolor pencils, these are the Expert pencils and they come in this really nice tin, they've got all of your colors on the back with all of the names, so they're named and they're also they have a code as well, so you know if you do like to swatch and keep records and things like that then you can you know use either or. Now you've got the three trays here with all of these colors so the first impression is wow great selection of color so I mean you can get different amounts I think there's a smaller size I can't remember exactly but I will share all the links and that will all be there for you so you can kind of choose if you wish to do so you know which one you want to go for but this is the 72 so I'm just kind of going through here just showing you all of the colors. You know there's a real nice variety of shades so I'm just pulling out the greens here for example there are more as well but there's a few that I thought looking at them they looked very similar but actually when I swatch them out which you'll see me do now there are quite a lot of variations there's maybe one or two colors that are very very similar other than that everything else had a really nice mix. Now watercolor pencils are my preferred coloring you know kind of medium I it's what I always have used over the years that's not to say I don't like other watercolor products I do watercoloring in general is my favorite but out of you know all of the different kind of things you have within the watercoloring it's pencils that I choose so here first of all I'm just going through and just coloring them dry onto the Artaisa watercolor pad so this is the cold press acid free watercolor paper which I used in my other reviews it's really nice it's super super thick it's 300 gsm and I actually do color on the other side as well so you will see that there's no bleed nothing goes all the way through to the other side so I'm I'm actually not even putting this in order I'm just grabbing all of like the pinks and reds first then I go into the blues the greens then I've forgot a few greens and they get added onto the end so I'm not to me a swatch I have a swatch for probably a very different reason to a lot of other people it's for me it's not about organization it's just so I can quickly look and check a color I'm not really bothered about them being in rainbow order or even the colors being in order from light to dark so if you're looking at that and thinking hers is all over the place yes it is but I don't care so that's just how I do it so you'll see there I'm just going through first thing I did notice is they're really creamy they're full of pigment they you know I didn't have to put much effort in at all so with you know comparing it to my more expensive pencils that I have they probably hold up just as well these are the expert ones so you know going on dry onto the paper I think they were you know just as good as any really now when I start bringing in the water there is I did notice a difference you know to my maybe more you know expensive ones but these are a great price point they have a great variety of colors and they are perfect if you are starting off so for that I cannot fault them and the reviews for this product are very very good it's only because I've got other ones then I'm able to maybe compare it and there are a few that I would think maybe you know could maybe be a bit better but like I said for the price that they are definitely well worth it so I'm using the water brushes here which are also by Arteza and I shared them in other tutorials they're really handy the control with the water is perfect so if you want more you just squeeze it if you don't want any more then it will just trickle out and it's it's good you can see me they're dripping it on now these yellows so the light yellows the a 028 down to like the a 7 6 I found that they dissolved the color really well you couldn't really see the square that I'd originally drawn so these ones here that I'm doing now they just like I said the pigment lifted really well and it was you know it dissolved so it was great some of them I think probably would have if I'd maybe work them with a thinner brush so you know it just needed maybe a bit more work to kind of lift them out of the grain of the paper but that's just being really picky and to be honest when I use them for what I do which is when I'm stamping my images and coloring them in I'm working in such a small area that you would never notice this so it's only really I guess if you're doing maybe a wash on the background you may have to work some of the color a little bit more now these colors on the back I just thought were for well I just thought they were quite weak there wasn't too much pigment in them you can see the grays there they were just not so yeah I just thought they would be a bit darker saying that though the noir black was very very good and it covered that cardstock perfectly so I'm just showing you now I'm closer you can see there that a 088 you can still see the square kind of underneath there are a few that I like that but the greens they kind of blended really well here I'm just talking through those yellows you can see that you know there was the odd faint square behind but otherwise they completely dissolved the colors I thought were great the a106 and the a089 they were probably very very similar and then here I'm just showing you they just the colors great still I'm still going to be using them but yeah just a bit weak those ones but the a012 there the noir completely covered that so overall you can see there you've got a really good variety of color and yeah there was nothing really to there's no negatives really with it at all like I said the colors are great the blues a couple of the blues they were very very close in color but other than that I thought no it's quite a good variety there so now I've just gone and stamped some images this is actually now another day so I've done this video over you know a few days but I'm kind of creating a little palette really a color palette so I'm going to work from this now the card there above is one I'd already done I didn't film that one but I just wanted to show you the you know just how lovely these pencils do work so here I am going to be coloring in this Alsatian dog along with the others there and I'd already done the one above and already cut that one out so I'm just bringing in the colors that I kind of looked on google to see what you know shades and stuff you needed to create a more authentic looking Alsatian so hopefully by the time this one is complete you'll agree and I think I've done not a bad job with it so this here the main colors that I'm using is this is a 064 then I'm also using a 118 a 07 1 a 027 so a lot of the browns and the deep yellow colors a couple of maybe I think I might have brought in one orange color ish just to kind of mix in but again I'm going in completely dry first so I'm just highlighting the areas where I want the color to be so focusing on real light colors in the center and then real darker colors on the outside which is how it tends to be from the pictures that I looked at anyway so now the brush I'm using here is the Arteza this is the three slash zero spot pen pen sorry paint brush it's one of my favorites now I love it it's so small and it is perfect for just getting into the smallest part especially when you're doing these small stamped images you can see there just I've got a lovely blend I'm able to really concentrate on very small areas I'm able to lift the color well so even when it had dried I was I found that I could go back in and lift color out and you can see although he's upside down the Alsatian looks really good I've got his nose to finish in a few other little detailed parts but I'm moving on to the others now why that kind of dries so now I'm doing the pug in the noir black and actually the blend from that is just the weaker color you know diluted of that noir it's not a gray color that I've used in there so again I you know you've got a nice kind of gradient with that then I'm just kind of hopping between the others now this one I was using I think this was the a 064 again because it's the same as the Alsatian but then I came in with the I think what other brown it was then I can't quite remember anyway it was all those ones that are to the right there that you can see and then again I'm doing the dashhound and he was more of a very dark brown that one there was the a 118 that I'm using and again I just didn't really add too much of other colors to him I just kind of pulled that color out into the middle and you know kind of lifted it again with a dryer paintbrush but the paintbrushes I've raved about last time a lot of you have already gone and purchased them and I've had a few emails saying that you're really enjoying them all of this product will be linked below along with a coupon code as well that you can use but now what I'm doing is I'm going in with the dry brush again so the sorry the dry pencil and I do kind of finish my stamped images with the dry pencil because it just gives you a really nice kind of definition and then I just pull it out a little bit in places but I think they've really come to life now I really like you know the colors that I've chosen and yeah I think when you see the cards at the end you'll be able to see it you know and it's been taken in my lightbox and stuff so you can see the color a bit better but that was the card that I ended up doing I've added the little bows and the bandana around his neck but I think they all look really really nice they've got character the Alsatian I love the colors I love the blend I think again they were very very easy to use and this is what I tend to do you know with my pencils my watercolor pencils and there is the lovely birthday cake there as well which was really really fun to do so they're the cards that I've made and now here are the beautiful vibrant colored images so overall really like these pencils I think if you're you're starting off they're great their price point's great you've got so many colors I think they're just going to be great for you to use so these are now going to be mixing in with my other pencils so I've just got a great variety of color but like I said check out the links below have a little look around look at my other videos and let me know what you think thanks for watching bye


Did you feel like that 2-1 pitch in the 6th, during that at bat, was low? Mm-hmm. I thought that that pitch was low. But it was low. Very low. How does that change the complexion of the at bat? You go 2-2 instead of driver's seat, 3-1? It changes the concentration of the turn, because it changes the count. Do you see the count? Well, yes. I didn't hit 3-1. I hit 2. There's more chance that I can throw a net, or throw a pitch in the zone. But it's better to hit 3-1 than 2-2.  When you're finding yourself in a count like that, you can expect a fast ball or a pitch in the zone that you can hit. You know, it definitely, for sure, changes the at bat. Did you feel like it was all night, just not that at bat? Do you think it was all night, with the pitch behind the pitch, where there was a lot of calls, or was it just in that turn? Well, I think so. There were a lot of pitches that, like me in the first turn, there was a punch with the air, a curve out of the zone and so on. But imagine, nobody's perfect. He has the right to fail. I hope he does better than you. Yeah, I think it happened throughout the night. Even going back to my first at bat, it was a high fast ball, high and outside, curve ball. Curve ball, high and outside. But you know, nobody's perfect. You know, he's going to miss pitches too. Just hoping that, you know, he makes the adjustments. Did you feel like Tanaka's split was a little flat all night or just in that first inning? In that first inning, I noticed that Tanaka's split wasn't as effective and was a little bit more flat at some point. Well, in the first inning, yes, it was very hard. But we had to keep fighting. He shot badly, and he also shot well. You know what I mean? We hope he's a little more consistent with the split. The first inning, definitely tough. The split was probably a little too hard. He threw some good ones and some other ones that were necessarily the way we want them. But we battle, and we're going to find a way to make the adjustment. How does that change your game plan with him when he doesn't have his good split?  The pace you have to take when that pitch isn't working the way they expect. Well, he did a great job today. He did a great job, but if we have two options, I say three options. I say three options, I say three options. I say three options. I say three options. I say three options. It's a better result. It's a slider, you know, and other good pitches. You know, it's just that when you have a third pitch, that's really good. You just have more options, you know? That's it. You came the fastest Yankee ever. You get to 17 home runs in 37 games. With time, making me able to become the fastest. What does that mean to you? What kind of, what does it say about the year you're having? I'm having the record of home runs in 36 games. I mean, I'm getting to 17 home runs faster. I'm having the record of Mickey Mantle. With that, how do you feel about achieving that and how are you feeling on the pitch? Well, it's an honor for me to get there. These records, nothing. I'm just focused on picking the area and trying to do a good swing to help the team win. Yeah, it's an honor for me, you know, to get to those, to records like that and have my name associated with those guys. But I'm trying to think, I'm trying to keep things simple. Look for something in the zone and try to swing out hard. Why is this year so far been so different for him? Why is this year so far been so different for you than last year? Well, number one, I feel healthy, which is very important. I've made a few adjustments to try to find my pitch in the zone. I don't know how to swing out of the pitch, out of the zone. And that helped me a lot. Number one is my health. You know, that's the number one reason I'm healthy. And at the plate, I've been working hard on not swinging on bad pitches. You know, I keep saying this, but that's it. You know, keeping things simple. The plate, not swinging on bad pitches. You know, pitchers, they can execute really good pitches. And I'm trying to stay away from those pitches and just swinging them once in the zone.


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Pray let me your ears and I'll tell you our story a drama of power of battle and glory Parliament's tale is a tale to savor whatever your taste or political flavor a Thousand years past our Kings wanted a palace that others would look on in envious malice competing to build the grandest of Ode but Westminster Hall was the most a la mode The King gets to bossy. So here comes Magna Carta to reign in his powers and do things much smarter Council meets in his chambers for intrigue and dramas and Parliament's born with the King in pajamas 200 years later more voting arrives though. It's 400 more till it touches most lives No porpoise or women get electoral powers and the wait will be long till democracy flowers Back to the palace Westminster's ablaze Leaving poor Henry the eighth in a daze the council remains King sooner packing so parliament gets the first home. It was lacking Wales and England unite in a bold new beginning common laws for both lands the judiciary's grinning But Guy Fawkes those fuses on the 5th of November and gives the whole country a night to remember Now grim civil war sounds the monarchy's death now and power is seized by bold Oliver Cromwell For the outcomes the one that the King has most dreaded and on a cold lonely morning the poor blokes beheaded Charles the second does better. He's soon back on the throne and Scotland ensures that he won't feel alone With Scottish MPs Parliament's now overflowing but a hundred more from Ireland keep the numbers are growing Reforms now democracy is looking more healthy one in seven can vote if they're male grown and wealthy What is it with fires again? Parliament's burning Westminster Hall saved guess the fire brigades learning a new buildings built with lots of to-do lists And big Ben has added which pleases the tourists yet something smells funny and though Parliament's newer They had to go sort out the stink from the sewer Our women want votes chain themselves to the railing their passion is great their resolve is Unfailing then the men go to war in the greatest of slaughters leaving the land in the hands of their wives and their daughters and in 1918 Female suffrage arrives and so in the wake of the war a democracy thrives Yet it isn't for long that we lay down our weapons as once more the specter of world war Parliaments bombed 14 times in the air raids and Commonwealth sends in repairs help and upgrades Skip on to the 60s equality flares Voting age 18 now that Parliament dares The 80s. We're almost back to the present time to make Parliament look much more pleasant It's been burnt down and rebuilt and crowded and smelly But it's scrubbed up all nice when it gets on the telly and so ends our tale of war fire and mystery Why not go find out more about democracy's history?


What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards ripping 22 tops dynasty baseball hobby 5 box case break at number 1 Leftside serial numbers. There's a look again at your random results As always you can find these on the website under the results tab as well as the Lincoln chat. Good luck everybody I'm gonna go ahead and organize these for myself Call me Alright, let's do it Let's do it Pull something crazy Full of Babe Ruth cut in the first case first box of the first case just get the Babe Ruth cut out of the way Yeah, we're hankering One one wonder God Box one again. This will Cleo don't debut one of one Eat who we've got first one of five going to the one spot is Alex Bregman One of five going to Viviana Do nasty patch on that thing too good God This is awesome Alex Bregman Game use ma'am nasty Bregman Oh boy nasty Bregman One of five congrats at Viviana all the patches in this are freaking insane, dude In it says full of logo man full of logo man and the Babe Ruth cut one of one in this one case Just not the player Brats, buddy.  Congrats, buddy. That is a disgusting Two of five a wander franco or wonder come on Red Sox Beltray or one Yeah, yeah, yeah, get that Mac get that Mac is four of five Four of five hingen Ryu Let's go going to Jackson L Hinge in Ryu to he's so when he's when he's on he is so good when he's healthy Unstoppable Hinge in Ryu great patch on that to great blue jay's patch on card Very nice. Grats on that Need lane to hit the Red Sox Beltray that would make good content if Wayne hits the Red Sox Beltray That'd be great. He'd be so pissed I'm saying. All right, let's see what we got That is eight of a tan John Smoltz That's awesome.  That's cool That'll do it for the break guys. Thanks again for the fill on that next up. We have the second one of these


Good morning, Amsterdam. Good morning, KubeCon. I hope you are energetic today after the keynote sessions. And today, we are one of the first sessions, and we are starting as a panel discussion. And as you might assume, a panel is something what should be interactive. And we, as a panelist on this session, we are expecting what audience is asking questions. So as soon as you have questions, if you want to ask something, please raise your hand. And our helper in the room will bring your microphone. Feel free to ask anything in the area. And today, we've got panelists, many of us from different companies, working on different areas. A lot of new topics, a lot of new changes in the past year in the area. So let me first introduce myself and all my colleagues here on the stage. I am Alexander Kanievsky. I work for Intel. I am part of a team who is working on resource management topics, mostly. So runtime, KubeNet, and related projects like node feature discovery. Hi, everyone. I am Swati Sehgal. I am working as a principal software engineer in the ecosystem engineering group at Red Hat. I've been involved in the resource management space as well for a while, just like Sasha. And my focus has been normal awareness and resource management capabilities, especially the KubeNet resource managers. And looking forward to having questions from you guys. Hi, good morning. I'm Yavan Lazar. I'm with NVIDIA, part of the cloud native group there. Well, I just try to get GPUs and other funky devices to work in containerized environments. So that's why I'm here. Hello, everyone. Thanks for coming. My name is David Porter. I'm from the Google Kubernetes Engine team. I work on node. I also work in upstream SIG node community. I'm the maintainer of a seed visor, which does resource management monitoring. And I focus a lot in the resource management space. So I'm really excited for this panel. Hey, folks. I'm Sasha. I'm considering myself as an upstream contributor to Kubernetes. I'm working in SIG node and also SIG release. I'm also one of the maintainers of Cryo, the container runtime. You may know it. And I really hope that you enjoy this KubeCon. It's great to see all of you. All right, to start with discussion, we're a big picture. We feature what in the area are present in Kubernetes for quite some years. So we all know the distribution of functionality between the control plane, like the scheduler pickups with node, and keeps track of resources on the nodes. And when we have Kublet, this set of the managers who are doing the decision on the node level, plus we have runtimes and different flavors of runtimes like everyone knows, so a container project, Cryo project, and low level components like Run C, C run, Cata, and so on. So something what was known and existing for years. And recently it was some of the good improvements there. And I would ask Swati to cover those. Sure. So as just Sasha just mentioned, that we have some of these components. In Kublet, we have a bunch of resource managers, CPU manager, device manager, memory manager, and topology manager. These are components that have been existing for a while, essentially to allocate exclusive CPU, allocate memory exclusively for aligning resources, device assignment. And they've been existing for a while. The goal has recently, there was in the committee, it was mentioned that we should avoid permabater features. So we started an effort to graduate some of these capabilities to GA. And in the past couple of releases, we graduated CPU manager, device manager, as well as topology manager to GA. So if you want more information on these components, I'd recommend you check out some of our blog posts. We have two blog posts on CPU manager and device manager, as well as one on topology manager that talks about its internal details. Next slide. So as Sasha just mentioned, the world has been with some of these components for a while.  We've seen DRA, which is dynamic resource allocation that was introduced in Kubernetes 126. And then we have topology aware scheduling. This was a feature that was introduced to enable topology aware scheduling in Kubernetes, because there's a disconnect between how KubeLit handles resource allocation and how default scheduler views components and resources. In order to do that, we had introduced an API called NRT API. And that allows us to enable topology aware scheduling. In addition to that, as we interacted with the community, we realized that there are other use cases. And we came across NRI plugins that are using NRT API that was previously introduced for topology aware scheduling. And then we made additional changes to NFD as well to enable topology aware scheduling. So I think the world is changing. And we are constantly evolving based on the feedback that we're getting from the community as well as the use cases that we have from our customers and partners. Next slide. So I'll pass it on to Evan. Yeah, so as I said, my thing is getting devices, funky devices, to work in containerized environments. One of the features that we're quite excited about is dynamic resource allocation. And that goes from a model where you have just integer-accountable resources like Nvidia GPUs in this case, trying to plug our products a little bit to something that's a bit more expressive. Now, obviously, it's a lot more verbose. But we introduced this concept of a resource claim, which is associated with a resource class that's defined by a cluster admin or whatever. And it allows users to, third-party developers, to actually expose resources and define an API that suits those types of resources. So my colleague from Nvidia, Kevin Clues and Alexei, will be presenting a little bit of a deeper dive on DRA in Room G104 just after this session. So if anyone's interested, please go check that out. I think it's about a five-minute dash, if you want. In the next slide there. So as we said, it's more verbose. But why would we do that? Isn't the integer use case enough? And it's not, right? Like, these devices have developed and become more complex. And how a user is expecting to interact with them has also become more complex. So the fact that we're now exposing a more rich API allows us to do a lot more interesting things with them. So on the slide, you see that currently you're able to assign a device to one container and there's sort of no sharing. I know people in the community and ourselves have weird workarounds and hacks in place. But with DRA, you're able to actually define, you're able to share GPUs or devices across different containers in the same pod, across different pods as well. And you're also able to handle devices that require some kind of parameters to set up. So you're able to dynamically partition devices and share them and sort of mix and match as you choose. So yeah, and what this actually uses behind the scenes is something called the container device interface, or CDI, as a common spec CNCF funded project that spec that defines how devices or resources actually look from a, well, this DRA node plug-in perspective all the way down to the runtimes such as ContainerD and Cryo. And so I think I'll hand over to Sascha since he's a, oh, OK, he wants to stand up. Sitting makes me nervous too. Yeah, give him that a little bit. Is this microphone on? Can you hear me? Yeah. All right, so giving this a bit more dynamic approach, right, so. All right, so I would like to jump over the slide if that's truly possible. Just want to head directly to the slide. So if you look at container features in Kubernetes, then we mostly see them from the perspective of the node or the cube led. But we also can drive features in Kubernetes from the container runtime perspective. So for example, if we speak about our recent enhancements to open telemetry tracing, which enable us to collect the logs together with metrics and correlate them together and find out what is wrong on a node, how the resource usage actually is, then having this feature only on the container runtime side, like in Cryo, then this wouldn't bring us much at all. I mean, we are working on bringing more enhanced open telemetry tracing, but we also need it on the cube led side, for example. And for that, we have a dedicated enhancement in upstream Kubernetes where we are working on. So in 127, we created the open telemetry cube led tracing to beta. So we enhanced the spans. We now have more information about the pod lifecycle and about garbage collectors in the cube led. And all of this information bundled together on a single node helps us to understand how resource usage gets applied on the node. The same applies to features, for example, like the event at black. So the pod lifecycle event generator is usually the source of truth when it comes to a synchronizing state between workloads and their actually container. And this feature doesn't bring us anything at all if we don't take the container runtime into account. So we have to add dedicated support for the event at black in the container runtime. We also have to extend the container runtime interface for that. And this is the end-to-end delivery we need in the whole cluster setup for each node to let the feature actually work as intended. I would also like to some somehow related features, our username spaces, for example, and also swap support. So we kind of plan to continue our work on swap and upstream Kubernetes so that we can have dedicated swap support for the cube led as well. And there are also some features which are more dedicated to the container runtime then. So for example, we have support for the NI and Cryo 127. We have some experimental second notifier support. So these calls have influence on resources on the node, as we already know. And we can then try out the second notifier to get informed about negative impacts of these calls on a single node. And we also feature now vertical pod autoscaling. But that's just Cryo. And we also have container D, which kind of also drives features in a different direction as well. David, can you tell us a bit more about the new stuff in container D? Yeah, sure. So container D17 was just released. And there's a lot of new features in container D17. There's a new sandbox API to better manage containers as a unit. There's some additional features around transfer service. And one of the big new things as well across the container ecosystem is NRI, which we'll talk about in a second as well. Yeah. Yeah. So NRI, one of the new acronyms, the three letters ones. It stands for Node Resource Interface. It's new common plug-in interface for the runtimes, both implemented in container D1.7 and Cryo 126. It started as a project of container D. But over the last year, it was evolved as a cross runtime interface to plug your custom logic into your cluster. So the key thing about NRI is what the plug-ins, what you have, we have all the internal knowledge of your container from runtime. And some of those properties you can adjust on the fly. So like resource limits, with CPU, memory pinning, with swapness, couple of other flags, which provides you a lot more flexibility with out of three components compared to what you can do nowadays with Kubelet or with current functionality entry. So if you want to have a bit more details about NRI, I recommend to watch the presentation what my colleague did in Detroit last autumn. The protocol description is present in container DNRI repository and example of the plug-ins, which implements several resource policies were published a couple of weeks ago into a common container tools project, like Alongside with Podman, Conman, and a few other things. So this thing is one of the building blocks which can integrate between multiple features. So as Swati mentioned, we have scheduler extension, we have runtime, we have Kubelet, we have dynamic resource allocations. All of these components where you can plug your custom logic Kaiser for vendor, for a hardware vendor, or as a cloud service provider, or as a user who optimize some of the things. And obviously, there is a need of sharing the information between those components. And piece or set of data, how to share with that, is another free letter acronym what Swati already mentioned is called Node Resource Topology API. So we have Node Resource Topology API. This is an API that is CRD-based, and it was introduced to enable topology awareness in Kubernetes. To enable this solution, we had to enable it as an out-of-free component. We have two components as part of this. One is a component that exposes hardware topology, and the other component that utilizes it, which is the scheduler plugin, which uses this information and makes topology aware scheduling decision. So the API itself was designed to have more granular information of the resources. In terms of topology aware scheduling, we can have it distributed across NUMA, and we have information on how much resources available, allocatable, and what is the capacity. As we started engaging more in the community, we realized that topology aware scheduling is not the only use case, and NRI plugins can use it as well. So that's when Sasha and other folks in the community interacted and provided us feedback on additional things that we can do, introducing top-level attributes, as opposed to specific field for topology manager policies, which can be used for other capabilities as well. So I have the link here on the slides for the API, and I've also plugged in a talk that I'm going to have later today on topology aware scheduling if you're interested to learn more about it. So one more thing, which was also happening in the last year, and continues in this year, quite interesting, an active discussion, is support for C-groups version 2. It was graduated to JA recently, and it enables a lot of new functionality. And I would like to ask David to cover it.  And so underpinning pods and container resources with CPU and memory are C-groups. So C-groups are the Linux kernel feature that provides kind of a couple things. One is being able to group a set of processes together and be able to limit the resource usage, so be able to limit how much CPU and memory those resources have able to. So C-group v1 was kind of the first iteration of the C-group API and what everybody was using. And so very recently in the ecosystem, C-group v2 has been starting out. And we're really happy to announce it was G8 and Kubernetes 125. So C-group v2 is a new kind of platform. And so it has many new resource management capabilities that we're kind of hoping to take advantage in Kubernetes to provide more enhanced resource management capabilities. So some of the example I want to highlight come of the few projects that we're working on in the Signode community that are kind of built on top of the C-group v2 platform. One of them is memory QoS. This is alpha in Kubernetes 127. So this basically provides memory guarantees for pods. So before you didn't actually have guarantees around the minimum amount of memory your application can have, with memory QoS, we actually provide minimum guarantees so your pod will always have this amount of memory and also we can kind of prevent or help prevent ooms and other kind of out of memory situations. Some of the other things we're looking into is PSI metrics. So PSI metrics is a new C-group v2 feature that basically provides metrics around resource shortages. So you can see things like, hey, there's CPU pressure, memory pressure, and the kernel will provide us metrics about that. We're hoping to take advantage of these metrics in Kublet and be able to make more informed smart decisions around, for example, which pods to evict or how to prioritize different pods when they access different resources. And then kind of the longer term roadmap is we have pretty good support today for CPU and memory, but that's not the only resources that pods and containers use. Some of the other things we're thinking about is IO isolation. We want to make sure that if multiple pods are competing and trying to use the shared IO resources on a node, we can provide some guarantees around that. As Sasha mentioned, Swap is something that we're looking into. Swap is already alpha, and there's more work to be done there, but many applications, for example, need to allocate large amounts of memory and can all fit in, fit in main RAM. So we need to swap for that. And then there's other resources as well that we haven't really explored too much around isolation, but there's more and more use cases around, for example, network. How do we guarantee the different pods? We'll be able to access the network and be able to provide QS guarantees. So in general, we're really excited to hear from you what type of resource management challenges are you having and what features are you looking forward to and what issues do you have. I did a talk, actually, in last KubeCon. Seagruv v2 is coming soon to a cluster near you in Detroit that provides some more details around the Seagruv v2 platform, so if you're curious, that's a good resource to check out. So with that, I think we want to open up for questions. We'd love to understand what resource management issues you have, what you think about these features, what use cases you have, and we'd love to hear from you. What is the question here? Can I switch on the microphone? Well, if. Hello. Yes. Excellent. So first question is about these dynamic allocation of resources. Does this also allow me to underfly dynamically allocate a GPU on a node? Because from what I understand right now, if I want a container that have access to a GPU, I need to actually allocate a node type that has GPU attached all the time. I mean, it might not even make sense to do, but I'm not that familiar with all these things. So you're saying that you, so the GPU, well, in order to access a GPU, one is a GPU present, right? So I suppose it depends on your infrastructure there. And so DRA in general allows you, if there is a way to do it, it allows you to define the API so that users can access it. Kevin over here might have more context, and he might be able to give you some more information there. Yeah, I think what you might be asking is that today, if you want to access a GPU on a node and you want to access a specific type of GPU, you can only put one type of GPU on an individual node in your cluster, and you have to use node selectors to direct your pod to a node that has that GPU type on it. And with DRA, we'll be able to have a mix and match of GPUs on a specific node, because the API that we are now defining to access GPUs using DRA will allow you to select on a specific GPU type, a certain amount of memory you might want to have access to, independent of the GPU type, and so on. So what DRA really gives you is the flexibility to define whatever API you want for the resources that your DRA driver is advertising for you to be able to allocate. And we are defining that API for our GPUs so that you have a lot more flexibility in how you can request access to them. And the way that I've been talking about, at least internally in NVIDIA, is that with the capabilities we're adding to our DRA resource driver for GPUs, you're basically going to have a similar user experience for being able to get access to a GPU and run a workload on it now inside Kubernetes that you would have if you were running on a bare-metal machine and just wanted to launch a CUDA job. You can have the same kind of user experience in that way. Yes, no? Any other questions? Will the PSI metrics include something for identifying CPU contention from the pod side? Because we're trying to pack more workloads to the nodes. And we found that it's very hard to know when there's CPU contention, especially for short bursts that wouldn't show up in CPU usage on the node level. Yeah, so I think that's a great question. And I think more and more folks are more cost-conscious trying to impact their nodes as much as possible. And so being able to monitor those resources is really critical. Like, we have a few things in the pipeline. So one of them is what I mentioned earlier, the PSI metrics. We hope those will be able to be exposed and will be able to provide more fine-grained up-to-date metrics around CPU contention. I also want to plug. There's essentially a session later today I'm doing with my colleague, Peter. We're actually going to be talking specifically around pod and container workload metrics and some of the work we're doing in this space. And we hope to cover some of those areas there. Thank you. Hey, what's the name of the talk? It's right there. Thank you. Thank you. I would also like to add to that question. So detection of a contention or resource jamming is one piece of the puzzle. But the second piece is you need to change somehow or affect the running containers, like squeeze them or regroup them or pin it to some other places. And this is where the piece like NRI can help you. So you can plug your dynamic policy, which, based on detection settings, tweak where existing running containers, like in transparent mode. And one other thing I wanted to add there, one other feature that we're really excited about, we had been mentioned in 127, is dynamically updating resources on containers. So today, this is a new feature that's alpha. You can update how much CPU memory your application requests without actually recreating your pod. So we hope, kind of long term, we can integrate some of these new monitoring, kind of intelligence around detecting these resource shortages and then actually being able to update the resource requirements there. And in addition to that, it's more like a broader topic about how to make the whole resource management and Kubernetes more dynamic. So right now, resources are detected once the Kubernetes starts. And that's considered to be static. And the world has changed. So devices can be hot-plugged. Well, something goes offline. Something goes online. It might be like new resources popping up. So we have a lot of areas in the stack where we can improve. It comes to, like everywhere, like the kubelet, like the C-advisor part, where discovery, where dynamic status update of the node, when the CRI protocol, like how the things are communicated, like one of the common examples, where the misconfiguration of C-group driver between the kubelet and runtime. So now, with Docker-Shim is gone, we have a lot of flexibility of how to improve the communications between the kubelet and runtimes and how to make it more flexible, more dynamic, more advanced. Network stuff, pod level events, a lot of other things. So even internally in kubelet, we are noticing that there's the desire for flexibility. CPU Manager, for example, has two policies. One is none and static. And there was this initiative. We wanted to modify the existing CPU Manager static policy. And in order to do that, rather than introducing a new policy, we introduced a construct called CPU Manager policy option to add additional policy options to change the behavior of static policy. So we have a PCPU policy. We have Align by Socket policy and many others. So this clearly shows that there's a desire for flexibility. And on the similar way, we have in Topology Manager, Topology Manager policy options, where we want to modify the behavior, how alignment happens. In scenarios where it's not possible to align CPUs or resources in general from a single Numa node, we want to minimize the number of Numa nodes from which they can be allocated. And just like Sasha mentioned, there's a desire to actually move in the direction that we have additional flexibility in resource management capabilities with external components. So similar to device plugins and DRA, we can have a mechanism to introduce more fancy ways of representing resources, be it CPUs, devices, and memory in general. Any other questions? Hi. My question is mostly related to running real-time applications on Kubernetes. Can you speak closer a bit to my microphone? Yeah. So my questions are mostly related to running real-time applications on Kubernetes. So we have two specific use cases, like we would want to partition the cache for real-time ports. And the second question is, so Linux has the concept of isolated and non-isolated CPUs. So can we use NRM to solve these two cases? Short answer, yes. For us, AMP capability is already existing in the upstream components. So for example, for the cache and actually initial implementation for block IO separation, the feature was implemented in container runtime, I think, in container D1.7. And for Cryo, I think it was in 125. It's controlled by annotations, so you can specify which workload belongs to which partition of the cache or which partition of block IO priorities. There is currently the cap on the discussion. It's called QoS class resources. So this thing will provide you kind of like first class citizen functionality in the pod spec. So for each container, you can define the class when it will be, this cap also includes the dynamic discovery of this class-based resources. So like something like cache or something like classifiable resources can be discovered on the cluster. It has functionality about the quotas, so you can define what, like, which namespace or which containers are able to use particular class. So for example, like low priority applications and not being able to use, like, higher class range and so on. So work is going on. Some of the features you can use already now, some of the features are coming. The follow-up question is, would it be possible to even create dynamic QoS classes? Yes, we kept what I mentioned with QoS class resources. It's built on top of the idea of it's dynamically discovered and dynamically provisioned in our cluster. So it's not hard-coded values. Not like current, like, native resources. So it's not like CPU memory of huge pages. You will get a flexibility. So like your cluster, your rules. It will be a mechanism to plug you in to discover your classes and you will have a control what those classes means. Like, would it be cache, block IO, or any other things what you might fit into this like philosophy of resources? OK. And regarding the second question, so the CPU resource could be isolated and non-isolated. So are there some policies with which we can specifically select whether I want an isolated CPU or a non-isolated CPU? So with current upstream topology manager plus CPU manager, you can get the exclusive CPU course for guaranteed QoS resource, guaranteed QoS pod classes. Yeah, but with NRI plugins nowadays, you can get more flexible thing for like isolated CPUs based on our properties of workloads. OK. So the Kubelet doesn't look at the kernel settings. It doesn't look at and identify whether a CPU is isolated or non-isolated. So I mean, how can I specify that I need an isolated CPU on the system and not a non-isolated CPU? So based on the quality of service of your pod, you can determine if the pod is allocated exclusive CPU. So if your pod was guaranteed, means request is equal to limit? Yeah, I understand that part. Guaranteed and best effort are already available. But at the kernel level, you have a property saying, the CPU is isolated. That means nothing runs on those tables. At this point in time, there's no support for isolated CPUs in Kubernetes. You'd have to manually manage it yourself to separate those CPUs from that particular pool. And the pod can be allocated to your system. But how do we get that visible in the Kubernetes resources? You don't need to make it visible into Kubernetes. So Kubelet is not going to support isolated CPUs. But different plugin mechanisms, what we mentioned, it provides you flexibility to do it. So one of the links what I was showing on the slides, the plugin, it has a support for detecting isolated CPU and giving it to a container when it's requested. Thank you. If you would like, come to me after the session, I will show more direct examples. Sure, thanks. I think we have one minute. We can take one more question. Sorry. So about the tracing integration, what kind of configuration is needed for integrating those additional traces from nodes with OpenTelemetry, for example? And is it possible to associate them with anything that application is doing with traces from applications? Thanks. Right now, the focus was more on getting more information from the Kubelet and the container runtime and correlating together, so passing the trace spans over the container runtime interface and also integrating more traces into libraries we already use in Kubernetes, like K-LOG and stuff like that. But later on, we would like to get more information on the actual workload. But that's for future plans. Thanks. All right, we run out of time, so thank you very much for coming to our session. We will be available either on conference halls or in corresponding booths of our companies. So if you have questions, please visit our talks or catch us up. We will be happy to talk on all of those areas. Thank you.


This is Donna here with another video for you guys. So there are lots of us that love the PA profession, not only because it is the number one profession in the United States right now, but because of all of the various different things that affords us, you know, a good lifestyle, flexibility in our career, and just, it's just great, you know, being able to have that patient care. But for some of us, you know, you may get into the profession or get into PA school and realize, you know what? This isn't really for me. This isn't hidden. So what do you do at that moment in time? That is what I'm going to be addressing in today's video. Okay, you guys. So I got another question posed by one of you all. And so if you have not already done so, please go ahead. You can leave me a comment in the comment section below because I always, like, you know, for the most part respond to them or use them in my videos. But this one was from Makia Kanazi, I believe is how you pronounce it. She said, what happens if you start the program and change your mind on your career? And I mean, over the course of doing this channel, I've had people that have come to me for advice in terms of, you know, how to get into PA school. And then, you know, as I check in on them a little bit later on down the line, they're like, yeah, you know, I've decided not to be a PA any longer, which is fine.  Because again, I love my profession. But at the same time, I realize that I know that this is not for everyone. And that is okay. And so when I like the answer to this question for me is a really simple one. And I understand that it's not as simple to some because there are so many outside factors that play a part in the decisions that you make for your life. But for me, a lot of my decisions is based on like just kind of like two things. Well, I guess more so three things. So is it pleasing to God, right? Like that's my number one, you know, I love the Lord. So is it pleasing to God? Is it going to be beneficial or so to my family? And what does it mean for my happiness? And so once I take all of those things into consideration, like, at the end of the day, like, if I get into something and I'm like, I'm not happy about this. I'm like, like, this is not this is not making like a happy Adana, right? And so if Adana is not happy, then it's going to be like just a problem. And not to say that in like a spoiled type of way is just that mentally, physically, emotionally, like you're not going to be I'm not going to be the best me that I could possibly be. So in keeping in consideration or in keeping in mind like the whole self like my whole self, I want to make sure that things are are making me happy, right? And they're beneficial to my family and they're pleasing to God. And so if I get into a program and I changed my mind on the career, I'm like, Yo, this is not for me, like, then I'll get out of the program. Like, that's the simple answer, you know, it is as simple as smashing the like button and subscribe me to my channel for more content. You just do it. Okay, so if you are no longer interested in the career, get out. There's no point in continuing in something that is not going to make you happy. Because in the long run, you're going to regret it.   You know, I feel like we're placed on this earth to use the various different gifts that God has blessed us with. And why like waste your gift or talent in something that is not, you know, not going to bring you joy. You're going to do it haphazardly and it's not going to be, it's not going to be a good product that you're putting out. So, but that being said, if you get into a program, like there's no slight against you if you decide now that hey, I don't, I really don't want to be a PA anymore. If you get into a program and you decide that this is not for you, then decide that this is really not for you and leave the program.  Or, you know, you have your family that's depending on you that has sacrificed for you. You have loans that you've gotten. But there are ways to address all of those. You know, you have a conversation with your parents and let them know like, Hey, I got into this program. I'm excited about it. I was excited about it. But after being in it, these are the reasons why I've realized like this is no longer the career for me. You know, have that conversation. You are an adult, although you are their child, but you have that conversation with them. If for whatever reason now it's a family that's depending on you, you know, you go and you talk to your significant other, your partner and you're like, Hey, you know what, like I've realized I made a mistake in this. I'm sorry. These are the things that are, are not going to be beneficial to us. That's going to be a detriment to my mental and physical and emotional health. And, you know, ultimately our relationship or our lives together moving forward, whatever the case may be, you have those conversations. When it comes to a loan, you know, talk to the loan officer that you got the loan from or talk to the, the lender that you got the loan from. And see how are there ways that you can like maybe consolidate the loan, take out less money that you originally planned like cancel the remaining aspects of the loan.  So those are my, my tips, I guess you can say, but ultimately it boils down to what is going to make you happy and like I guess if you're a Christian and a believer like what's going to be pleasing to God and what's going to be beneficial to your family.   Alright, thank you so much for this question. I think it was a good question and I think that many people should benefit from this because if you're in this moral dilemma, I guess you can say or this dilemma in terms like what do I do?  Okay, if you guys have any other questions for me, go ahead and leave them in the comment section below and you already know what to do. Subscribe to my channel and like this video. Thank you guys so much for watching. Please follow me on Instagram, edit on the PA and on Instagram at GetThatsTheUniversity and go to GetThatsTheUniversity.com where we help you not only get into but through PA school. Alright, thank you guys. I will talk to you guys next time. Bye.


In 2001, HM1 Aaron Spaulding was a Navy hospital corpsman attached to one of the first Marine combat elements in Afghanistan. He was supposed to be on a six-month peace tour, but all that changed after the terrorist attacks on 9-11. We get back on the flight deck of the ship and we're told by our battalion commander that we're going to war or going to Afghanistan. 13 years later, he got a chance to come back as one of the senior medical providers for Mobile Expeditionary Brigade Afghanistan. The second trip gives him unique insight to the impact that the partnership has had. You know, we can see here in Afghanistan how much good we've done. You know, there's still people that don't want us here, but the majority of the people do appreciate what we've done, trying to liberate their country. I myself have been here and I know we've made a difference. A lot of other people have been here made a difference and that's what matters to me. Reporting from Leatherneck, Afghanistan, I'm Sergeant Christopher Tobi.


It's so high, and the river is flowing fast, very fast. Lovey, and this is Ollie. Over the past four years, we have been on some epic adventures around the world. Now, after converting an old van into our new home on wheels, we are ready to hit the road and explore the wonders of Europe. Subscribe button to follow our journey and let the adventure begin! Good morning world! Welcome to our odyssey! This morning the van is safely parked away because we are in the city of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We were lucky enough to get invited again by Red Bull for one of their amazing events and this time it's the world series of cliff diving. Let's take a tour of the city. The city's name Mostar derives from the Slavic word Most meaning the bridge. Built in the 16th century, the iconic bridge Stari Most gracefully arches over the emerald waters of the Nenetva River, connecting the two parts of the old town. Life in Mostar has been centred on the bridge ever since its construction. It's even on the city's flag. Diving off Stari Most has been going on since the 17th century when young men decided to start diving from the country's most recognizable landmark in a sort of test of maturity. So this has been going on here for 450 years. But this is the sixth time that Red Bull will be stopping here on their cliff diving world series tour. Today 10 women and 10 men will jump from over 20 meters in this cold 10 degrees fast flowing river water. So we hope you enjoy the show. So the competition is just starting now. Let's have a look. Oh my god, it started raining like crazy. But the athletes are still jumping. Yeah, they're just about to go again. It's so high and the river is flowing fast, very fast. Whoa, this city has 250 days of sunshine. But today we have a really nice rainy day. So that is it from the second and third rounds of the cliff diving world series here in Mosta, Bosnia and Herzegovina. We will see you tomorrow for the finals. So the final day and the atmosphere is amazing. It's totally different. And we're really all hoping that it's not going to be like yesterday with the rain. Yeah, exactly. It's just about to get started. So let's go. It's time for the men's and the sun is still shining. Can you believe it? And number three here off the old bridge in Mosta. World series here in Mosta, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It has been an incredible atmosphere today and it has not rained. And it's been a totally different day to yesterday. And we're so happy about that and everyone's so happy about that. It's been absolutely amazing. Absolutely awesome. We are really blown away. Don't forget to check out the next legs in Ireland and in Italy. If you're around, check it out. Otherwise you can catch them both on Red Bull TV. But we really hope that you enjoyed experiencing this competition with us. We had an absolutely amazing time. If you did like it, please give the video a thumbs up. And don't forget to subscribe to the channel. We will see you next time.


So, I already told you about the aromatic side chains, but I want to introduce this concept properly. Aromatic side chains, such as phenylalanine tyrosine, but in particular tryptophan, is going to have this strong effect that the mere size of the aromatic rings means that they have to stand up in the bilayer. Tryptophan is even cooler than the other ones, because tryptophan has this one large hydrophobic part, the six-member ring here, that will have to stick and then we also have this polar part here with the NH group. The dashed line you see here is the NH group making a hydrogen bond. So, that hydrogen bond is going to have to go up to an oxygen either in another lipid or in water, but that hydrogen bond means that we literally can't pull it down, because if I pull it down I would break the hydrogen bond and that's very costly. I also can't pull this up, because I try to pull this up I would take that entire aromatic ring and expose that to water or something, that's not going to happen. So, tryptophan in particular, it's an anchor, it's a double anchor, it's an anchor upwards so that I can't pull it down and it's an anchor downwards that I can't pull it up. So, just to illustrate this concept, this is called anchoring and it occurs particularly for tryptophan and that's why we had the W in the WOLP helices. It's an awesome way to ensure that a part of my helix actually occurs in the head group.