Os y mae'n gweld i'ch gweithio, o'r d象 licence, os yw'r ddatblygu cymaint ond mae Tynimentos 1378 yn friedig Jeremy Balfour yn agarffyddio beth deall y llifonau kilograma. Mae'r ddatblygu yn ddesgrun i'w ddysgu y byw yw'r ddatblygu. Nidwdych chi amgylcheddu gyda gynhyrch i ddarfodujod catal yma o'r gwneud. Ond, i ymlaen o'r llwyr, yn dda i'r prif Goodbye, rwyf cael peth yn amlwg, maen nhw'n cymaint mewn taffan, rydyn ni'n golygu golygu. Maen nhw'n dda i ddweud ymlaen i'r dda, yn y peth sy'n gweithio, o hynny o'r ddweud o eich gweith o'r barfwrn? A gennyn nhw'n cymaint mewn cyfrifiad eich gweithiau nifer gwell â ddogfaint. Tych yn wych oherwydd bod, ond cynnigolgymraith yn y llwyddiad yn i ddim yn gweld, mae hynny yn ystafell. Mae hynny y Prifysgol yn ddod y cyllid yn bilyd y bydd ein bod yn dweud y maen gydag. Felly, mae hyn yn ddahfence y bydd spesulys o icolwyr, lle o'u cyfle ffordd sy'n ei cyfle fyddir yn gweld cymryd y siwr. Mae yw'r iawn yn llawr melodych am y twilu fydd. Mae ymddechrau'r llwyr yn y sylchio, am ychydig gydig iawn yn ychydig i'r gweithio'r tylu yn fwyaf, ac mae'r gwaith yn digwydd o'r unigol a'r cyfnwysig. Mae'n gwneud y mynd o'r tylid a'r hei, ychydig, ymgyrch, ychydig, ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, a'r ddweud. Felly dyma'r hynny, mae'n bwysig. I'm sometime asked what has been your achievement you're most proud of from being your time in Parliament. And I great joy of telling people that I was part of an effort that added a provision to the planning bill from the last parliament, stipulating that all new building projects of a certain size would have to have a change in place toilet within them. It seems like a small thing, but I do generally believe that it has made and will continue to make a massive difference to the lives of those with disabilities in Scotland. However, I should note, Deputy Presiding Officer, that it should not take legislation for business to install a change in place toilet. Other than that it being the right thing to do, there is hard evidence that it can increase customer engagement. The purple pound is a real and lucrative force that should never be overlooked. We as lawmakers have a duty to consider the inclusion of disabled people as a top priority. The funding of changing places should be a priority for us all, ensuring that Scotland is a place that is fully inclusive and fully open for everyone to participate in. Barlow's wife, Presiding Officer, I find it so disappointing that the Scottish Government has decided not to prioritise changing place toilets. Add to so many other issues, the SNP have talked a big game, promising support and funding for installation, but when it comes to delivery, they have let everyone down. During the 2021 programme for government, they pledged £10 million would go towards the installation of changing places in new buildings as well as refitting order premises. Two years on, and not a single penny of that money has been distributed despite a number of projects, some within my own region, being ready and waiting for the money. It was incredibly disappointing to hear the Minister, Marie Todd, answer a question on when my funding would finally be released by saying there were no plans even to begin the procession until 2025. Can I remind the Chamber that this was an SNP pledge in the 2021 programme for government? That means we will be waiting four years for funding that is desperately needed. I was hoping there might have been a change of heart from the SNP, and there might have been a provision of it in the budget statement last month, but it was completely absent. Deputy Presiding Officer, we are talking about a relatively small amount of money here in the great grand scheme of the Scottish budget, but it will make a massive real difference. It should also be put on record that at this point the UK Government has made a similar pledge of £30 million for England. That has been distributed, has been spent and disabled rights changed. Why is it that the big bad UK Government is able to follow through on its promises but the Scottish Government can't? Could it be that one Government values inclusion and the other doesn't? Deputy Presiding Officer, I am tired of rhetoric. I am tired of empty promises. I am tired of disabled people being promised the world by the SNP and delivered absolutely nothing. To be very clear, this is not just about a convenient option. It's about absolutely necessary equipment to allow those with profound disabilities and their families to participate in society. The portrayal of the Scottish Government in this way will not be forgotten by the disabled people from across Scotland. I started this speech by wishing everyone a happy new year. Minister, you can make everyone's new years better with disabilities by releasing this money now. I would implore you to reconsider when you are going to allow people to spend this money. We are waiting long enough. Disabled people deserve more. Thank you Deputy Presiding Officer. Thank you very much, Mr Balfour. We move to the open debate. A gentle reminder to those who are looking to participate who haven't yet done so, they need to press the request-to-speak buttons. I call first Evelyn Tweed to be followed by Alexander Stewart around four minutes. Thank you to Jeremy Balfour for bringing this important debate to the chamber. In this Parliament, we aspire to a Scotland that is fair, with dignity and respect for all at its heart. Equal access is needed for this to be a reality and for some, access requires specific facilities. If we are to remove barriers to ensure that everyone can live their lives to the fullest, we must provide those facilities. As we have heard, although standard accessible toilets are sufficient for many, they do not meet the needs of all disabled people. That creates a huge barrier for many people, their families and their carers, and prevents them from enjoying days out or making long journeys. Those who need these facilities face isolation or cutting their days out short, some even dehydrate themselves so that they don't need to use the bathroom. The alternatives are unsafe, unhygienic and undignified. For example, changing on bathroom floors or car boots. Changing Place toilets provide safe, spacious and clean facilities designed to meet the needs of people with more complex care needs. Those facilities remove a huge barrier and enable anyone to socialise, attend appointments or even go shopping, regardless of their disability. Unfortunately, changing places toilets provision is concentrated throughout the central belt and in areas with a higher population density. A black spot persists across the rural West Highlands, the size of Wales. Only one changing places toilet sits within this area in Fort William. Unfortunately, it has relatively restricted opening hours. There is not a single changing places toilet on the journey between Creef and Barra. This gap in provision means that those who need these facilities and live in rural areas may be less able to get out and about locally or undertake those long journeys. With a lot of specialist medical care centralised, those who need to travel for appointments face long, very difficult journeys. As a key point connecting much of the north and west of the central belt to Tyndrum in my constituency has been identified as a priority-like location for a changing places toilet. The small town on the A82 sees over 6,000 vehicles pass through every single day. It is a key point on many routes just south of where the A85 and the A82 split. The community in Tyndrum has done a magnificent amount of work in identifying a site. I'm grateful to Evelyn Tweed for giving away and I wonder whether she will join then because she's making a very impassioned and very convincing speech. Both she joined with Jeremy Balfour in calling on the Minister to announce immediate action to release this £10 million so that those facilities that she's rightly identified are indispensable can be delivered for the people that badly need them. Evelyn Tweed, can you give me the time back? Thank you Stephen Kerr for his intervention. I am going to ask the minister for some reassurances further on in the speech. The Tyndrum community has done an amazing amount of work. They've found a site, carried out a feasibility study and they are making necessary preparations. Now all they need to make this a reality is the funding. Like many, I was delighted when the Government announced the much needed £10 million funding that Jeremy Balfour alluded to in his opening. I am keen to see these funds put into action and I have saw regular updates from the minister. The public spending environment is challenging, I completely understand that. However, those facilities are absolutely vital. Delivering funds for changing places toilets in strategic locations like Tyndrum will make a huge impact. I call on the Government today to provide information on when those funds will be available. Changing places toilets make a dramatic difference to access, for example in Blair Drum in Safari Park, which is also in my constituency, where a facility was put in place in 2017. Equal access has been made a reality here and removed barriers for many disabled people and their families to feel included and enjoy a day out without concern. I look forward to seeing further progress being made in my constituency and beyond. I congratulate Jeremy Balfour on securing this very important and crucial subject. As a former member of the Citizens, Participation and Public Petitions Committee, I remember well the petition being brought forward by Seder Hayward on behalf of the Tyndrum infrastructure group, which has been mentioned already. The primary aim of the group was to build a changing place of toilets within the community. I share Seder and the group's collective frustration that the slow progress has taken place.  Indeed, the situation that has been stated does not seem representative of the kind of inclusive and accessible communities that Scotland aspires to be and have. Previously, about three years ago, I was liaising with a constituent regarding the potential of having a changing place toilet installed in Stirling station. However, at the time, ScotRail responded saying that the station was an aggregated building and they would look at it thoroughly and investigate it. However, they came back saying that insufficient resources were available at this time given the economic environment, so that did not progress. I was also aware of the situation in Dundee, which was highlighted in Dundee Cwria, where the Dundee was having issues with slow progress in that station. However, legislation was going through Holyrood that could have helped all types of these obstructions with promoting a more inclusive society when we are campaigning for such a facility. When Kevin Stewart, the then Minister for Local Government, Housing and Planning, said at the time that the Scottish Government remained committed to requiring changing places toilets in certain new developments and was happy to support the amendment to the planning bill that came through. The review of planning and building standards legislation to ensure that identification of those places was required. That was back in 2019. Just to see how far we have gone, it is that Jeremy Rennie remarked when he said in the opening of his speech that these changing facilities are not a luxury, they are a necessity and an essential necessity to individuals who require them. For a Government that often trumpets its commitment to a disabled population, it beggars belief that to see that they have taken their eye off the ball with reference to this issue and not only the last five years but the complete neglect of their own party's manifesto promise that they made. I echo the petition that came forward and I echo the comments that you have heard already today that the Scottish Government must ensure that that £10 million would be pledged and go forward. I urge them to do all that they can to ensure that there is no further delays because, as I say, individuals who need this and would aspire to have that, Scotland should not be in a position where it does not have facilities for individuals who want to travel and go around. In conclusion, the decisions that we take today are vitally important. The minister has an opportunity this afternoon and evening to talk about what is going to take place and to ensure that these individuals and these organisations are given the respect that they deserve to ensure that the commitment that was given is fulfilled and that those facilities are needed, not just now, but apparently across the whole of this country to ensure that people have the dignity that they wish and the respect that they are given. I wholeheartedly support the motion in Jeremy Balfour's name. Paul O'Kane, to be followed by Tess White, around four minutes, Mr O'Kane. Thank you very much, Deputy Presiding Officer. As convener of the cross-party group on changing places toilets, I am delighted to be able to participate in this evening's debate. I would like to thank Jeremy Balfour, not just for securing this evening's debate by his motion, but also for the work that he does more widely with the CPG and indeed in the Parliament to keep these issues at the forefront, which I think is vitally important. The cross-party group was established in this Parliament to keep that focus on this very important issue, because we have already heard from the contributions in the chamber this evening about how important this issue is to people who rely on changing places toilets and their families and their carers. The group was largely inspired by those campaigners and those people who, through their lived experience, saw the patchy provision very often across Scotland. The thing that inspires me most when the cross-party group meets is being able to listen to the experiences that many people have, not just in terms of their everyday life and trying to ensure that they can attend hospital appointments or get to the different supports that they need. For families with young children who have complex needs, who want to live a life that is spontaneous, like everyone in this chamber would want to do, to be able to go on holiday, to be able to take day trips out, to be able to just go to the shops, for example. The lack of facilities is a real challenge to living that life with the spontaneity that everyone deserves in their everyday life. I want to pay tribute to some of the people in the cross-party group, particularly Angela Dulley, who has been a driving force of the group, the support that has been received through the Secretary for Angela via Pamys and to all of the individuals and organisations involved in coming together and pushing forward the issues. I never thought when I became a parliamentarian that I would spend time going to look at toilets or to look at the potential site of toilets, but that is something that I now do. I must say that I have become something of a geek in terms of what is required in a changing places toilet to make it a bona fide changing places toilet. I have been delighted to see many community organisations and local authorities take the active steps that they need in order to put them in place, particularly in Rooking Glen Park, in my constituency, which has allowed people to use the park more freely. I have also visited Tyndrum recently, spoken about in everyone tweets contribution in her constituency, to meet Sarah Heard and the campaign team there, who are bringing together local businesses and community organisations to provide that vital facility. What was interesting about my visit to Tyndrum is the challenge that remains in terms of being able to leave it in the funding that we are speaking about this evening, to be able to have that £10 million available to communities across Scotland in order to begin to plug in some of those gaps. Communities, local organisations, community councils and businesses are willing to put in funding themselves to attract funding from other organisations, but what could crucially make the difference would be that support from Government to act as an enabling piece of funding or to act as a last piece of funding in a project and allow it to go forward and be delivered for the community and for those who more widely wish to use it. I think that what is quite loud and clear from the cross-party group from campaigners across Scotland is that we do need to see a sense of urgency on this money. We have heard already, I think, rehearsed some of the arguments that the minister, I am sure, will hear tomorrow when she comes to the cross-party group about the concerns about the length of time it is going to take in order to get this money out of the door. Although I appreciate that things can take time, what campaigners also would like to know is what will the criteria be for this money, who will it be given to, how will it be applied for and when is it going to come. That is crucially important because if we waste more time in terms of not knowing those things and we waste more time in not being able to deliver the money then projects will stall, they will become more expensive and crucially we will not move this agenda forward. In concluding, it is key to the lives of so many of our fellow Scots. It is a basic human right, it is basic decency, it is time that we got this money out of the door and into communities where it is needed. I am also delighted to speak in this evening's debate. As a member of the changing places toilets cross-party group, I too pay tribute to Jeremy Balfour for securing the parliamentary time today and for the extensive work he has done on this important issue over the years. I would also like to thank Parmys, Enable Scotland and Capability Scotland for their contributions to the CPG and their wider work. Presiding Officer, why is adequate hygienic and accessible toilet provision so important? It is about so much more than being caught short. It is about equality and ensuring all people can go out and live life as fully as possible and no one is left behind. As Jeremy Balfour emphasised, changing places toilets represent the difference between inclusion and exclusion. It is about dignity and making sure that pregnant and postpartum women, women on their periods, menopausal women, people with special needs and conditions such as urinary incontinence, crone's disease and colitis are not isolated and can leave their homes without anxiety or fear of the situation. Providing safe and accessible spaces is important in a dignified society. This requirement also encompasses the safety, privacy and protecting the rights of women and girls to single sex toilets. That was once again emphasised in the recent employment tribunal case, Ms Vy Abbas vs ISS Facility Services Ltd. This is about ensuring that basic human needs are met, basic human needs for privacy, safety and dignity without fear. I was struck recently by a comment in Karen Ingala-Smith's brilliant book Defending Women's Spaces. She referred to the urinary leash, the restriction of movement due to lack of access to toilets, freedom, wellbeing, quality of life and the ability to participate in public life. All of this is facilitated by something as seemingly mundane as a toilet. I helped care for my two elderly parents in law who both suffered from dementia, a trip out no matter how routine required a lot of prior planning and I know exactly which towns near my home have accessible toilets and many who don't. This topic is close to my heart because so many carers have told me that they need accessible toilets to take those within their care out for visits. It's about quality of life for those who are on danger of isolation. Accessible, clean, safe toilets are basic or a basic human need. Over the festive period I spoke to constituents who shared with me their concerns, the feedback that public toilets are either closed or filthy and those that are not are sadly rare. Toilets on station platforms only accessible when there's a guard on duty, a barrier prevents people from travelling. Dundee railway station, as my colleague mentioned, didn't even include a changing places toilet when it was redesigned and it was thanks to the Scottish Conservative campaigning, Parmys and local activism that ScotRail eventually relented. In the north of Scotland fully accessible toilets are harder to come by. Many of the 267 changing places toilets are concentrated in Scotland's central belt and urban population centres. These are of course much needed but provision falls away the further north you go. It's not just in the west of Scotland, as Evelyn Tweed pointed out, it's actually a significant issue the further north you go. I pay tribute to Councillor Loïc's speed who campaigned for and successfully secured a changing places toilet in our broth but too many northeast communities do not have fully accessible toilet facilities. The SNP government was right in its 2021-2022 programme for government to commit, as we've heard today, £10 million to changing places toilets, but Minister Mary Todd has confirmed there are no plans to allocate and distribute the funds before 2025. What's the reason for this inaction? Why is it that the SNP can go full steam ahead with its overseas office network costing just shy of £9 million but it cannot deliver on a £10 million promise of funding for fully accessible toilets? Meanwhile, the UK government has already started distributing its own £30 million fund and in closure, Presiding Officer, the SNP government's implementation gap has left so many people behind, people with disabilities, special needs, carers, women and parents with children. The SNP government must focus on its priorities and get a move on so that all people across Scotland can access toilet facilities suitable for their specific needs safely and with dignity. Jeremy Balfour is a champion for people who would otherwise be voiceless and I am proud to serve on these benches as his colleague and to add my voice to his in support of his motion. We've got into a pretty rotten state of affairs in this parliamentary session and with this SNP green government when they're prepared to say things, to make promises, which matter a great deal to many people and then to go on and blatantly renaig on these promises. It isn't too strong to say that this breaks the hearts of good people. To be absolutely clear and for the record, this government has not reneged on the commitment. The commitment was in a SNP manifesto and in the SNP programme for government 2021 to deliver a £10 million in this term of Parliament. I'm sure the member, several Conservative members have made that claim. I'm sure they don't intend to mislead Parliament and to mislead the public but we are absolutely delivering on our commitment. It's delivering on her commitment. They haven't spent a penny of the £10 million. You're not delivering on anything when you don't spend an amount that you've amounced with great fanfare, which means so much to so many people. I've seen from myself the difference it makes to families when they're able to have a day's outing to some attraction or venue and know that they'll be able to properly look after a family member who has profound needs and that without the use of changing places they wouldn't be able to enjoy being together outside of the home. I've seen from myself what it means to parents and carers, how much it means to siblings, to be able to be together with all the members of their family and enjoying time together. Changing places makes that possible. Changing places is transformative. Changing places isn't a nice to have. It's indispensable and it's essential. One of the most memorable days that I had when I served as the Member of Parliament for Stirling was the day that I was invited to attend the opening of the new changing places facilities at Blair Drummond Safari Park. I can't speak too highly of Blair Drummond Safari Park. It's a business that adds so much enjoyment to the lives of so many people. I met families that day who were going to be able to make good use of the new changing places. It's something that I will never forget because I could see in the faces of the parents and carers and the faces of the siblings just how much it meant to be able to be together as a family and visit the safari park together. It was made very clear to me that there was no possible way that that day's outing would have been possible if it wasn't for changing places. Things that we might all take for granted were accessible and available to those families. I paid tribute to PAMAS and the dedicated work that they do on behalf of profoundly disabled people and their families, especially in the area of changing places. To govern is to choose. It's always been about priorities. It's especially true when it comes to something as necessary as making it possible for profoundly disabled people to leave their homes, be with their families and create special times and special memories. The older we get, the more we realise how important making memories is. I've got some dear friends who had a profoundly disabled son and I saw the lengths that they were prepared to go to as parents and as siblings to make their son, their brother, an inclusive part of the time they spent together making memories as a family. Sadly, their son, their brother, suddenly passed away, but they have their memories, very happy memories to look back on and to draw consolation from. I call upon the minister to make good on the commitment that this Government made to families such as my friends who are depending on the delivery of that public investment. I think the minister should explain for clarity where is the £10 million. Has it been spent somewhere else? Does it still exist as a budget line? If the money has been reallocated, please tell us. It's a fundamental question. Please can we have a straight answer? Where is the £10 million? That's how strongly I feel about this issue. Let's see some energy and action from this minister on this issue. Show some leadership. I hope that the minister will take this opportunity to make it absolutely clear that immediately she will begin to deliver on what was promised to those families. They are looking to us in this Parliament for help and we should not and we must not fail them. I thank Mr Balfour for his on-going work to promote the importance of changing places toilets, not only by allowing us time in this chamber to discuss and to educate around their importance but also for his time as co-convener, as many others have said, along with Mr Paul O'Cain of the changing places toilet cross-party group. Today's debate has raised a number of interesting cases and ideas and I'm looking forward to discussing this in greater detail with members of the cross-party group tomorrow evening. There's a significant amount of work required before the fund can be opened. We have heard the criticisms of the process in England. We are keen to learn from the challenges that they face and to agree with the CPG and with other interested parties like PAMIS, things like scoping and agreeing eligibility and geographic distribution of the fund, an absolutely crucially important aspect of getting it right for Scotland, determining the funding model and the management of the fund. There's also a need to create material that accompanies the fund, such as application guidance, upkeep and registration, so it's not simply a case of waving a wand and putting the money into the system. I've said already that I don't think that Mr Barford intended to mislead the Parliament in his opening speech but there has been no betrayal of disabled people by this SNP Government. We made a pledge in our manifesto and in our programme for government for 2021 to invest £10 million over the current parliamentary term. The pledge for the current parliamentary term was in the manifesto, not the programme for government, but that commitment is on track. That is despite the many funding pressures that we face and that we discuss here day in and day out. I've been very clear that the fund will begin to pay out next year at the start of 2025. I'm very grateful to the minister for giving way. I met the minister's predecessor to discuss this issue in the early days of this Parliament when we began the cross-party group and the issues that she rightly outlines about needing to have a fund that works and prepared and engaging. All of that could have been done. We have been at this since the beginning of this parliamentary term and if her commitment is to have it done by the end of the Parliament, why has it taken so long to get to this point when a lot of that groundwork could have been done? The groundwork is being done. I assure you that the groundwork is being done. Our £10 million investment is three and a half times bigger than England's on a per-population illness. It is also, as many have described, we have to take into account the geography and the rurality of Scotland, which requires a different approach. I suppose that the discussion around the north-west highlands, which has come up a number of times during the debate, has illustrated exactly some of those challenges. I'm lucky enough. I'd like to complete this point if you just give me one moment. You've had more than your four minutes. I am lucky to live. I'd like to use my time to put across the Government's point of view, if that's okay with the member. I'm lucky enough to have the Ullipull harbour changing places toilet in my constituency, not just in my constituency but in the village that I live in, in the rural north-west highlands. I know just how vital those facilities are to people right across Scotland. It's just one of a number of examples from across Scotland, which really makes the case for how those facilities can make a real difference to disabled people and their families, enabling them to go out and to do things that others might take for granted, like travelling to the islands, like coming on day trips. We love to welcome visitors in the highlands, and we're delighted that we can welcome visitors in the highlands because of that facility. I was pleased to confirm to the Scottish Parliament last September that we are making the £10 million changing places toilet fund available across the financial years 24, 25 and 25, 26. The Scottish Government's policy position on changing places toilets is absolutely straightforward. We committed to investing £10 million over this parliamentary term in that manifesto, and we are absolutely doing that. We understand how important it is. We also committed to supporting mobile changing places for toilet to enable disabled people to access events and outdoor venues. The Scottish Government looks forward to this commitment being delivered, too. It's almost more important, Deputy Presiding Officer, that Jeremy Balfour, who's tried three times now to intervene on debate, is allowed to make an intervention because it is his debate, but I would simply point out to the minister that none of the £10 million has been spent, none of the good that that £10 million can do has been delivered, and that is the point of Jeremy Balfour's opening statement and the statement that many of us, including Evelyn Tweed, the only SNP member to speak in this debate, has asked of the Government. It's very clear when will the £10 million be properly spent in your say 2025. That's a year from now. As I've been absolutely clear, the fund will open at the start of next year. We have some groundwork to do between now and then. I look forward to meeting with the cross-party group tomorrow evening to discuss things like how that money should be spent, how do we make sure that we get the geography covered, all of those issues, but we will absolutely deliver it on this commitment. We want to make sure that the fund is fair and equitable. We need to think very carefully about the eligibility criteria. Forgive me if I want to work with people with lived experience in order to do that. There will be a range of views on that. I think it's important that we gather and consider all of those. For members in the chamber who are not as familiar with the work to date, it's really important to highlight that the new fund just builds on our previous work on the changing places toilets agenda. Members might recall, as Jeremy Balfour spoke about, the introduction of the Scottish building regulations legislation in 2019. That, importantly, required the provision of changing places toilets in larger new buildings to which the public have access. Douglas Lumsden, I thank the minister for taking an intervention. Can the minister confirm that the £10 million of funding will be completely in the £25-26 budget? Is that what the minister is saying? No, that's not what the minister is saying. If you listen very carefully, what I have said several times in this chamber, both today and on previous dates, the money will be available from the start of 2025. That means that some of the money will be available in the 24-25 budget and some of it will be available in the 25-26 budget. Members will be very pleased to know that, in autumn 2022, we published our changing places toilet planning guide, which details practical considerations for organisations considering a changing places toilet. I'll take an intervention in one moment. Scotland currently has 267 changing places toilets, which is over a 25 per cent increase from the 209 that were available in 2019 when we introduced the new building regs. We are making progress on this issue. We are delivering. Evelyn Tweed. I thank the minister for taking an intervention. Minister, you mentioned rurality. Will the Government be looking at a good spread of changing places? In my contribution, I mentioned that there is very much a focus on the central belt. Absolutely. It is crucial that we consider the entirety of Scotland. That is one of the challenges that we have in Scotland. We have a much more rural hinterland, but parts of Scotland that I live in, everybody loves to visit. I want to be able to welcome everyone to that part of Scotland. We are already delivering on our commitment to increase the number of changing places toilets. That fund will only help in accelerating that progress. Members and Presiding Officer, I have covered the Scottish Government's position on this matter. I hope that it is absolutely crystal clear that this work remains a priority. I look forward to returning to the chamber at the appropriate time to give a further update on this particular fund. In the interests of time, I thank members for their comments. As always, I will happily address individual members' concerns through my office. My door is open. I am always keen to hear from you on this subject. It is a subject close to my heart. I am happy to close the debate at this present time.


My name is David Dodd or David Davernpool. I'm a research scientist at Protocol Labs. I'm one of the inventors, as Marta pointed out, on a couple of Protocol Labs' patents. But more relevant as I've been thinking about mechanism design, and I did some of the crypto economics in Filecoin, and I've also been thinking about alternative structures for planning and incentivizing research and development. In a bunch of different ways, including certificates of impact and different kinds of committee mechanisms for allocating prospective funding to research initiatives and doing quantitative causal modeling of the R&D roadmaps using technology trees. And then there's this stuff, which is about intellectual property management. So the motivation for my thinking in this zone is that the way that patents try to incentivize innovation is with monopoly. And there's some problems with monopoly. The obvious one is that it prevents innovative competitors from building on what you do without your permission. Another one is that there's big transaction costs. That was mentioned in one of the earlier talks about big transaction costs for making patents and litigating patents. There's also big transaction costs for licensing patents, which is the thing that I'm more directly concerned with. And then finally, the monopoly pricing mechanism is actually an imperfect way of capturing all of the value that you provide to society because you have to set one price level and you can't do price discrimination. So there's this thing, I guess, from Peter Thiel and some other VC-type people who are like, yes, monopoly. If you don't have a monopoly, you don't have a business. That's what you're trying to get. But actually, the most successful tech startups don't use monopoly pricing. They use something more efficient, which is Vickry Groves Auction. So Google and Facebook both, like the way their business model actually extracts value, is by running an incentive-compatible auction to allocate advertising slots to relatively sophisticated customers who are advertisers rather than consumers who, of course, pay nothing except their eyeballs. And so that's sort of why I've got this book here.  There's a whole chapter in here about sponsored search auctions. And that's actually more or less an applicable idea to intellectual property licensing. And so the high-level concept that I want to introduce is this notion that there's an analogy between creating a limited supply of advertising slots on a website and creating a limited supply of dollars of revenue that people are allowed to make using a certain patent pool. And then those slots, these slots for revenue can be allocated in an auction. Also kind of similar to a spectrum auction or other kinds of continuum auctions that are used in various fields. So there are a bunch of different ways of implementing this. So I said Vickry Groves, but Google actually uses a different mechanism called generalized second price, which technically is not Vickry Groves. And they have reasons for doing that mostly because they've done it historically and their customers are used to it. But there's also the Mejersen Optimal Auction, which maybe provides more revenue to the holder of intellectual property. So the upshot of all that is there is not like one best mechanism. There are a bunch of different mechanisms to experiment with in terms of how to allocate the licensing revenue. So what I want to push forward is a platform that enables a bunch of different kinds of experimentation with different mechanisms for managing intellectual property on a Web 3 distributed ledger system. So four basic kinds of tokens or sort of access control bits that I want to talk about and there might be, I'm not completely sure that this is the right way to break it up, but this is an initial proposal. So there's the kind of token that entitles you to a royalty stream like the actual stream of income that is being extracted from society for this piece of intellectual property. That token can be divisible. So inventors in some cases can hang on to some fraction of it or it can be traded as a kind of project token style thing where there's a market price that people are predicting what the future cash flows will be. Anyway, so that's one kind of token. It's like the passive income. There's another kind of token which probably would not be divisible in the same way which represents the control over the economics, namely deciding when and how much of the revenue to allocate into the auction or into whatever kind of market is being used for that. So that token basically has the rights to mint a third kind of token which is the licensed token which entitles the holder to one dollar of revenue that derives from a certain IP portfolio. And then there are different ways that we could talk about implementing that. Like maybe you have those tokens and then in a transaction redeem some set of tokens for an actual legal document that gives you the license with a revenue cap or maybe as the previous talk discussed we could actually write up a license in such a way that it points at the chain as if you have the tokens, you have a license, you don't even need to produce a document. But one aspect of this that I want to incorporate and then experiment with later is that those licensed tokens could be limited to a particular span of time. So like a start date and an end date could be now until infinity as a degenerate case but I think that's an interesting piece of flexibility to build in there. And then the final token is a sort of, I almost want to say political control but more like governance regulatory kind of control that the holder of that token gets to approve or deny whether people get to use the technology. And the degenerate case of that is that upfront the inventor burns that token so it never gets used. But this is like another sort of piece of flexibility that we want to have because there are certain sorts of technologies like strong AI technologies or brain computer interfaces that are dangerous and we want to be able to use IP as a safety mechanism to say okay, if you're going to use this invention then you have to file an application to prove that you have the right kind of safety protocols and so they sort of create a private regulatory regime in that way. So that would be a fourth kind of token which I want to separate like in many cases it's not appropriate for anyone to have that kind of control. That's sort of one of the main problems that I personally have the biggest issue with in the current patent system is that the economic rights to seek rent or get passive income from an invention are coupled to having to, being the person who you have to get permission from in order to do anything with it at all. I think that's about all I wanted to say. So yeah, thanks for your attention.


Baw what's up everybody once again is brand man Sean on a Friday which means I'm going over some music resource or tool maybe even the strategy and today I guess you can call the strategy but I'm answering a question from swerve innocent. He asked me yo brand man how do you get to open for other artists. Now I wanted to say that DJ MPTV answered it pretty well in the comments himself but I figured that everybody could benefit from this answer so I put it in a video. Now number one you could obviously just create direct relationships with the artist or their team in some form of fashion if somebody on your team has a relationship with the manager, the graphic designer, whoever is in that artist camp or the artist himself then there's a lot of situations where people have gone on tours off of direct relationships but now that's probably not your situation so let's get it to some other solutions that you can create for yourself. One if you can get a relationship with a promoter or a venue often times they can go hand in hand because venues often times have their own promoters that you can have a lot of opportunities open up for you to become an opening act for artists that come in town because these promoters and venues are always booking artists and they need opening acts however promoters need people as well so you're not just going to be able to slide in in a lot of situations unless there's some kind of personal relationship that they say hey I'm just going to put you in because there's a lot of strength in this relationship most times when you're reaching out you're not going to know these people the best thing you can do is start small say hey man how many venues do you have some of these people have multiple venues and show them proof of concept if you can book out a 50 person venue then put book out a 100 person venue 200 300 and just prove to them and let them see that progress then oftentimes now they've seen that proof they know that you can get people to come so then they'll book you when they have these opening acts because they know that you can bring extra bodies because once again yes they need opening acts but more than that they need people promoters get paid to bring in people so yes you can reach out directly to these venues you can reach out directly to these promoters but at the end of the day you need to figure out a way to prove to them that you can bring out people and the better you do that whether that's just your own shows at the venues or even invited them out to other places and spaces that's going to help you establish some kind of rapport where they know that they can rely on you when they need to book out a venue and they have this artist and they're trying to make sure they hit their numbers and they can profit off of you you don't just want to be somebody that they like and they believe in you want to be a good business decision for the promoter as well now there's a third option first remember direct relationship with the artist or camp in some form of fashion the second one is developing a relationship with a venue or promoter and then showing them you know however you do that that you can bring out that so they can have confidence to bring you out and open for other acts and then the third route is putting on your own show paying for an artist to come in you promoted yourself and then putting yourself in a position as an opening act people do it all the time a lot of these artists that you see that are opening for a lot of big artists a lot of times have some sort of team behind them oftentimes likely promoters of some fashion they pay for the show they say y'all bring two chains in town they promote it as to change show and then they just put themselves in the opening slot and then they might even charge other people other artists to perform in an opening slot which is a fourth bonus way that you can become an opener just pay for it so if any of you guys happen to have some extra cash on you then hey go out pursue an artist pay them whatever their fee is book a venue do all the marketing and bring people in and then slide yourself on in there as an opening act that's a great way where if you know what you're doing you can become an opener for a big artist get that look quote-unquote but also get a profit if you know what you're doing to make that money back from the show itself those are three ways but actually a bonus fourth way of course as I mentioned so that's three ways with the bonus fourth way that you can become an opening act for some of these bigger artists and names out there if you like this video go ahead hit that like button if you like it you might as well share it especially if you know somebody who can use this information but if you're not subscribed you know what to do hit that subscribe button


For more videos and people's struggles, please subscribe to our YouTube channel. On April 28, Colombian citizens, trade unions, social movements and opposition political parties participated in a national strike in cities and towns across the country. Hundreds of thousands protested in rejection of the Sustainable Solidarity Bill, a new tax reform bill presented to the Congress by the far-right government of President Iván Duque to compensate for the fiscal deficit incurred due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The controversial bill was presented by the Duque government as a tool to allegedly alleviate poverty in the midst of this crisis. However, in the name of solidarity, the government seeks to pass a tax reform that increases the bad on staple goods, fuel, etc. to expand the tax collection base, to increase tax on agricultural inputs, to increase tax on pensions, to freeze wages in the public sector until 2026, to eliminate subsidies on various public services, to impose toll tax on roads connecting countryside with cities, etc. Colombian people also mobilized against the violence faced by communities in the country at the hands of the state and paramilitary groups. Movements declared that the genocide is being carried out against them with the complicity of the state. Since the Havana Peace Accord was signed in 2016, 1,164 social leaders, human rights defenders, and demobilized members of the FARC have been assassinated. So far in 2021, 33 massacres have been carried out. The strike took place amid government efforts to declare it illegal and suspended, whereas government authorities called to postpone the mobilizations due to the third wave of COVID-19 in the country. A day before the strike, the right to public protest was suspended on April 28 and May 1, revoking permissions for anti-government protests and Labor Day celebrations. The decision was widely rejected by trade unions, social sectors, and the opposition. Leaders of the National Strike Committee, which brings together a diverse group of social organizations and trade unions, declared that they will go forward with the strike as planned. La Campania Defender La Libertad, or the Defend Freedom Campaign, pointed out that the court orders do not sympathize with the reality of the country, the climate of dissatisfaction, and imposes an unreal condition such as herd immunity which is uncertain. Therefore, the measures become innocuous or empty and unattainable by the citizenry. The protesters denounced the Sustainable Solidarity Bill as a hard blow to the middle class, calling it Duque's Nullable Package, distressed that it threatens the economic stability of workers, pensioners and people with lower incomes and will only increase poverty and inequality in the country. The massive mobilizations, road blockades and cultural acts were met with heavy repression with the highest levels seen in the city of Cali. According to reports by human rights organizations, at least 73 people were detained, 14 raids were carried out, 10 attacks were registered against human rights defenders and 78 complaints of police violence were registered. The total number of injured has not been confirmed, four people are alleged to have been killed by police, including 21-year-old student Juan Diego Pardomo, who before being killed had written on social media, if I don't come back, it was the state that killed me.


Hello everybody hooded co-worker manager 788 here, and I'm very excited to show this to you This was sent to me by Eric Eamon of Screamin' Eamon Customs And this is an exclusive for Joe Fest in 2020 now sadly I'm not able to attend Joe Fest this year. It is in Augusta, Georgia September 5th and 6th So it's coming up very soon, but you know how life is. I just can't make it this year So this is going to be there And I wasn't going to have a chance to get my hands on it But it was sent to me by Eric and full disclosure He did send this to me for free and I agreed to open it and show you guys There were some of these available for online purchase, but those have all sold out So now the only way to get one of these is through Joe Fest in Augusta, Georgia So Eric sent this to me It is a custom Cobra Viper Glider As some of you may know, the Cobra Viper Glider from 1983 is a pretty rare piece Rare because it is often broken You know, it was a glider that was meant to be thrown in the air But it was made out of very flimsy material Well, this is modeled after that When constructing this though, including the box Eric made sure that every piece is distinctive from the original vintage toy So this is not something that is going to be passed off as a original vintage Viper Glider For instance, here on the box face There's no window pane for an action figure because it doesn't come with an action figure The original box would have had that So right off the bat from the very front of the box You can tell this is not original But the box itself is very high quality And this one on the back says 2HCC 788 And it's a limited one of one So this one is for me I'm going to open this box One thing that has changed since it was first sent to me is the frame piece That was originally on here Apparently it's an early version that wasn't very good So the later production version, the one that you would get if you purchased one of these Was better So Eric sent me one of the better ones to replace the one that's on here So let's open this up and check it out And immediately I see some paperwork All right, so that's all of the contents of the box The box, by the way, looks great It is reminiscent of that vintage box, but it is not a copy of the vintage box So let me set this aside Carefully because I don't want to damage it This is one that I will probably keep with the box What you have is the glider And this looks similar to the Viper glider and of course the G.I. Joe equivalent of falcon glider But there are some important differences to look for It does have that frame piece This is the one that will be replaced By this, this is the updated version So I'll swap those out before I get some close-ups So that's the replacement And we have, let's see This is a flyer for JoeFest And it says limited numbered edition Cobra Viper glider That has the information about it and about JoeFest Looks like it's $120 for a limited exclusive That is not bad We have an instruction sheet And we have a letter This letter has some information about the glider But it also has some personal notes as well About the glider, it will be available at JoeFest It will be priced at $120 There will be 100 of them available You will get them at the Screamin' Eman Customs table So make sure you check that out Yeah, limited and numbered 100 If you'd like to contact Eric for a custom commission I will put the address for his custom site On the screen right now So that is the information that I have to give you on here I have an instruction sheet I have a card Yes, a card that is in the form of a file card That's lovely That's nice, I like that That's cool And we have the glider itself We have the fins There are also some rubber bands Some black rubber bands These are similar but not exactly the same as the rubber bands that came with The original Viper glider Those were a bit wider But the original Viper glider came with a rubber band to wrap around the guy The action figure to make sure it didn't fall off Because they didn't have enough faith in the backpack So let's look at the instruction sheet And blueprints And with color blueprints That's really cool Yeah, that is awesome It is reminiscent of the vintage blueprints But it's quite obviously updated It has the JoFest 2020 logo on it You won't find that on the 1983 vintage This is something that is important to me If you're going to do something that looks similar to a vintage item You should take the care to make sure it is different enough That nobody is going to be defrauded Buying something that they expect to be a vintage piece But it turns out it's not For me it's an ethical thing You have to make sure that people are getting what they're expecting to get This is a modern piece And I can tell you just from the feel of it This is more sturdy than the vintage glider It is heavier, it is thicker It is not going to fall apart as easily as the vintage As to whether it would fly or not I am not going to try that For once I'm just not going to throw one of these in the air I did that with my vintage one And I'll not do that with this one But it is heavy enough that I don't know if it would fly as well as the vintage One of the reasons the vintage gliders would glide Is because the material was very thin and very light But that also made it very breakable So this is not going to be as breakable Which is good This is a good display piece And in fact this sheet says Your Viper glider is intended for display purposes only It is not recommended for flying So there you go Don't chuck this one in the air The first thing I'm going to do is I'm going to take this piece off This is the frame that originally came with it And it's pretty tight There we go This piece And I can see it's just a little The details are a bit soft you might say So I'm going to take that piece off And I'm going to replace it with the new one that he sent And that's noticeably better There we go So that should do it So now we have the glider with the proper frame on it With much better details than the other one Still a bit different from the vintage And if you had a vintage one side by side You would be able to tell This appears to be 3D printed Obviously the vintage one was not 3D printed So that's an easy way to tell As far as the body of the glider itself First of all These Cobra emblems Which were stickers on the original Those are printed on Those are not stickers It looks really nice But just at a quick glance You're going to tell that these are not stickers And that is not how the vintage glider came Again to me that's important It's important to be able to tell the difference And also on the other side Here under this Cobra emblem Which is also printed on It says it has the copyright information From Screamin' Eamon Customs And it's current 2020 date stamp Let's go ahead and get these fins on I can tell these are not exactly the same shape As the vintage fins And I'm wondering if they will go on in about the same way It is a tight fit You just press it straight in Once you get it started It seems to go Once you get it started It goes much better There's one There's the other Unfortunately my vintage Viper glider and Viper Pilot Are not accessible right now So I am going to get another figure To put on here Just for display purposes Just so you can see What it looks like with the figure on There we go There we go Now it's a tight fit And that's fine Because you don't want these to fall off But the fins as well You will notice are not the same as the vintage fins For one thing they're printed on both sides So that is something that is different from the vintage one There you go It is complete It is put together It looks gorgeous It is close enough to the vintage That it has all the nice qualities of the vintage for display But it is different enough from the vintage That you're going to be able to tell You're not getting a vintage item I'm going to use this straight arm Cobra Trooper And the backpack on here is not a regular backpack Which again is another way to distinguish it from vintage I really can't express how much I appreciate The fact that Eric took the time and effort to make sure this is done right Make sure that it makes a good display piece But is not going to Not going to be passed off as a vintage one All right So I've got the rubber band around the guy here And I'm going to kind of hook his rubber band around this Center piece If I can slide him up So that the peg lines up Okay there we go There we go Almost yeah There we go So now there we have One of my straight arm Cobra Troopers On the Viper glider He's not flying anywhere This thing is not going to stay aloft But I tell you that is nice for display It is really gorgeous Are really well done And I can't say enough about it I can't thank you enough for this Eric This is really cool I really appreciate it I'm sorry I can't be at Joefest with you Hopefully next year But this is really awesome And really cool that you sent this to me Now if you're watching this Again I want to make sure this full disclosure This was sent to me for free I was not able to make it to Joefest So Eric just sent this to me And I appreciate his generosity If you're at Joefest Fortunately I won't be But if you're there Make sure you check out Screamin' Even Customs Table Check out the exclusive Viper glider And you know pick up one of these If you can for the purposes of display So that is the Joefest 2020 Custom Viper glider From Screamin' Even Productions Thank you for watching I'll be back soon with a vintage GI Joe toy review But we're still in Cobra Convergence So until then remember Only Cobra is Cobra


Police open inquest into Raikey Rick's death. Hip-Hop star Raikey Rick passed away on Wednesday, February 23. It was reported that the boss Zanki hitmaker allegedly took his own life after suffering from depression. A day after Raikey Rick's suicide notes were leaked, the South African police service, SAPS, confirmed on Monday, February 28 that an inquest into the circumstances of his death has been opened. As per a local publication, Raikey Rick was found by his management team at his home in Johannesburg North around 8.30 am on Wednesday, February 23. The publication reports that the 34-year-old hip-hop star and rapper passed away en route to the hospital. In a statement published by a local publication, Raikey Rick's family said, affectionately known as Raikey Rick across the globe, he was deeply loved by his family, friends, and the entire entertainment industry. His love for family, friends, and community is well known. Raikey's nurturing and developing of young musical talent is well documented and will forever be remembered, concluded the statement. Speaking to a local publication, SAPS captain Mavla Masondo did not confirm or deny that Raikey Rick took his own life on February 23. Masondo did confirm that the police have opened an inquest into the circumstances of the rapper's passing. In a suicide letter leaked to Sunday World on Sunday, February 27, Raikey Rick's message to his wife, Bianca Nadu, read, This pain is too much. I don't want you to blame yourself for my life being unbearable.


What's everybody Jason for Jasper's case breaks calm 13 14 community time this treasure's basketball just sold out This is a two-box break two-round teams each number three number 15 total spots Everybody gets two random teams in the NBA two autographs one memorabilia card one comment and one insert per box Here we go. So we double up your names from Nathan down to Paul. There's the teams. Good luck roll It is a three to two five times. Good luck One two three Four Michael down to Michael five times one two three four five Memphis Grizzlies down to the Charlotte Hornets So Michael with the Grizzlies David the Bulls Terry with the Clippers Nathan with the Spurs Michael P with the 76 just curve with the Blazers fill it with the Bucks jazz curve with the worst Michael E with the Wizards Nathan with the Pelicans Celtics Paul Norden with the Knicks Michael with the Nets David with the T-wills Nathan with the heat Kenneth with the Suns Terry with the Lakers Paul Norton with the Mavericks Michael Robinson with the Thunder Michael Everly with the cows Paul Norton with the Magic Kenneth with the Hawks Terry with the Pistons Rockets Paul Norton with the Nuggets David with the Pacers Michael Robinson with the Kings David with the Raptors and Michael Robinson with the Charlotte Hornets So if anybody wants to trade Give you guys a quick minute. Nice Anthony just got the Lightning in Cup hockey any other takers to bring it down under nine and Is anybody gonna take some spots in the R&B if I put them up? We're probably gonna have to do two of them guys George also gets a spot straight up in Cup Hawk and sorry in NT football. So we're down to one left straight up in NT football Plus one filler All right guys no trade then I guess Yeah, Drew, this is some cool stuff. I was ripping some old school stuff. All right, you go Let's pull some the honest Chris Bosch with die-cut you got David West of 299 and Carmelo Anthony for the Knicks Paul with that one Yes, Drew football wise. Yeah optic hybrid divisions Break as well Reggie Bullock little Jersey auto Wow, Bennington had an amazing save right now Clippers that is going to Terry and Evan Fournier time to shine autograph to 249 Denver Nuggets When a Paul Las Palmo Joe, wow, what a save by Bennington 95 96 bulls It's funny. You're missing somebody from this team They go bulls David with that one We got Campbell Walker the 299 Next one guys we got promising pros Chandler Parsons Hey, you'll add a 25. That's a two-color patch for the Houston Astros or Astros Houston Rockets are Terry with that one promising pros We got ourselves a Ryan Kelly, I don't even remember Ryan Kelly playing for the Lakers What a Jersey auto Lakers it's going to Terry and Last one is a redemption Austin Rivers time to shine Now let's quickly just look up who Austin Rivers was with at the time. I want to say he was a pelican Time to shine card number six. Yes, New Orleans pelicans Let's show you guys right there So Nola So they go pelicans going to Nathan and there you go guys again once again. No, Giannis under the combo I believe we still have at least what four more boxes. So we have up until break five So appreciate it guys. Jasper's case breaks calm Parsons was nice right there for me. We got Reggie Bullock Carmelo appreciate it


Dear students, I would like to present to you the concept of the expected value of a random vector. Suppose that we have a random vector capital X and you know whenever we say random vector capital X, we write it in bold phase. It is generally acceptable that it is given in bold to convey that it is a vector. So I start again, let capital X bold be a random vector given by two random variables X1 and X2. Then the expected value of the vector X will exist if the expectations of X1 and X2 exist. And students, the formula or the expression is very interesting as you can see now on the screen. The expected value of the random vector X is the vector of the expected values of X1 and X2. Isn't that interesting? I repeat, the expected value of a random vector is the vector of the expected values of those random variables. So, let's take an example. Suppose that I toss two fair coins together using my right hand and I define the random variable X1 as the number of heads that I obtain. Then students, what will be the expected value of X1? Well, you can work it out using all the formulas that you know, I mean the formula that you should apply in this case. But let me tell you that you can do it very quickly. The expected value of X1 will be equal to 1. Why? You have tossed two fair coins together using your right hand. I can have head-head, head-tail, tail-head and tail-tail. So, if there is a head-head, X1 is equal to 2 because X1 is the number of heads. And if there is a head-tail or tail-head, X1 is equal to 1 because head-head is equal to 1 and tail-tail is equal to 0. Probabilities to head, they are 1 by 4, 2 by 4 and 1 by 4. And because of these probabilities that I have just now shared with you and you can find them yourself very quickly, you know that it is a symmetric distribution. And if it is a symmetric distribution, then the mean of that variable has to be at the exact center. So, 01 to the center is 1. Why did we say probabilities are 1 by 4 and 2 by 4 and 1 by 4? Because we are saying that those coins are fair. Now, suppose that with my left hand I am doing another experiment and that is that I am tossing a fair die. And I am denoting the number that I get on the die on the uppermost face. And this particular random variable I am denoting by X2. If X2 denotes the number of dots that you have on the uppermost face of your die, students, what will be the expected value of X2? Again, you can do the calculations but you should develop the skill to find it in your head very quickly and to be able to say that the expected value of X2 is equal to 3.5. Now, how did I say this?  If it is a fair die, then 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, these 6 possible faces, each one of them has probability 1 by 6. So when each probability is 1 by 6, if it is a uniform distribution, discrete uniform distribution, again, if you draw its graph, you will be able to realize that if you put a mirror in the middle, the left hand side is the mirror image of the right hand side. And so it is symmetric and therefore the mean or the expected value of this particular random variable has to be in the exact middle. So 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 3 or 4 come in the middle 3.5. Now I have told you the expected value of X1 or X2 or X2. This experiment was done separately. But now suppose I am doing the two experiments simultaneously. The one hand I am throwing, the other hand I am throwing the die. So then if you are considering these two variables X1 and X2 together in the form of a random vector, then we can say that the expected value of the random vector X is equal to the vector E of X1, E of X2. And now that we have the numerical values of E of X1 and E of X2, 1 and 3.5, we can insert them there and our final conclusion is that E of X where X is the random vector, it is the vector 1, 3.5. This is how we proceed when we are wanting to determine the expected value of a random vector.


So this is why I don't like this valley guys messing with my car, he literally just left the key in there He could not get the key out And he was like going crazy. He was jerking stuff around and then he just left the key in the car and the car's just sitting here Pretty smart, right? So i'm actually editing the video that you guys are watching right now and it is really shortly It's like four minutes. So i'm gonna do something that i think you guys really like I'm gonna go to some of the recent vlogs and read out some of the comments answer some questions And just do some cool stuff that hopefully you guys will enjoy and if you guys enjoyed me doing that Definitely hit the thumbs up button and let me know in the comment section So guys about to go to class right now waiting on down You'll you got like 30 minutes till class starts. We gotta get through all this.   I want to see what it says. Oh my god This is delinquent enforcement unit Warning slash 24 hour notice Oh my god We're charging him 75 bucks Oh, that's just for all three of them that he's got I've gotten two So I guess I if they see mine, they might put one on mine because the thing is it's been over a week and They upcharge that's probably what they're gonna do to me So i'll probably mine would be like 50 bucks. It might be 75 knowing that it's gonna upcharge Now they always used to laugh Look who's winning and upgraded from the past just let me put myself in your room So guys i'm just about to do some homework right now I'm gonna make it simple I don't have it due till monday, but i kind of want to get it over with just so i can get fish and stuff So jordan and shawna coming over here right now. We're all gonna do some homework All right guys, so go try this it's called take this lollypop.com. That was awful Like I was showing them this I remember doing this in school I don't know something messed up the first time we're gonna find it. I don't know Why is it pausing on 67 percent? I don't know that's his problem right here because when he was going through his facebook here We'll show you Just watch it through it's not scary Hopefully it works this time First I have his face right there. I don't know why it's not showing Look see how he has a blade in his hand and showed up to his house Why it cuts off there like it shouldn't cut off there Dude that like cuts off that's creepy like I remember like looking that up like years ago Dude you're on nightmares for the next like five years after that one That ain't fun All right guys, so daniel's walking back to the room right now and I asked to use his ipad So there's some wrong with my computer. I gotta do some homework And so we're gonna try to log in and do that facebook thing with his and when he comes in We're gonna say we found something on youtube and it's like freaky Bob and I I'm guarding the roof Make sure daniel wasn't Doesn't come all right So it won't let us do it on the ipad which really sucks. We actually got into it He's coming back right now with uh, he actually got a brand new computer today. Maybe we can try to trick him I'll be like he's wants me to help him set it up So I'm gonna be like, oh you need facebook don't you? He's like yeah, so I'll log into his facebook and then I can go to the site and do it Like when he's in the bathroom, he would spaz out. All right guys, this one's mine We're gonna watch this before daniel comes back.  What's he doing, bro? I gotta close this to open it I gotta close all right. All right, come on. Open it up.  Yeah, this is what I was showing the citation What happened? It's uh, the link went enforcement unit.  It's in that pocket. It's all heavy my backpack Yeah, did you get everything working like facebook and all that? What here I can get it I'll get it to work. I need everything working. Yeah, I'll get your facebook working. So Whatever you want me to Yeah, you just got this morning. Oh What's your what's your password? Coco Spaniard What's going on? I don't know. They like popped up when I was trying to change the password Dude, my heart's being like crazy. It's freaking me out.   Dude, what is this? Dude, I'm freaking serious. Dude. What is this crap? Daniel dude, I'm serious Stop dude. Oh Daniel stop, bro Daniel, did you make this? No, I swear to god. Dude, you just popped up on the screen. I've got two bumps everywhere Dude, did you do what is this? No, it's hold on. This is you. You did this Daniel you have to do this right What's it say? What's that say in the corner? How'd your address? Dude, what the heck Daniel? Dude, what is this? I'm serious Don't like shaking right now, dude Daniel Dude, what is this? Oh my god Did you make this? Dude, seriously stop messing with this Did you what did you do? Daniel, I didn't make this.  Dude, what was that? What did you just do? Facebook stuff Dude, someone's hacking into you What was that? I don't know I'm asking you. Dude, you log in. What did you do? Don't touch anything Don't touch anything. Hold on. Can you read credit? Hold on. What's up? What does that mean?  Hit the refresh button Dude, this is freaking me out, man. I'm like shaking right now.  We're logged in to facebook. That was just some like shaking Is this something on facebook, dude?  I know I'm gonna kill my fans So guys, I'm actually back home now. I came back After I came back home this weekend, but I was editing this video. I realized I didn't even end it But we just like pranked Daniel. I thought it was pretty funny I don't know. It was pretty hilarious to be honest. We pranked Daniel. He was totally believing like his facial He's like, oh my god And then he like mid-time and like notice the camera that was on and like that's what screwed it all up Like if the camera was on he wouldn't have known it But I was gonna show you guys like what was going on like When I was like, oh, yeah, this is my account. Let me show you this like he literally Open the door like really quick.  It's like I got closed out That's really quick But guys if you enjoyed the video, please hit the thumbs up button Be sure to check out yesterday's video and also new videos every day at 6 p.m. Eastern time except for Saturdays But please go check out the other videos new video Sunday 6 p.m. Eastern time Peace fam


You receive the Holy Spirit the moment you were born again. But are you cooperating with His work in your life? Are you flowing with Him? So I say, let the Holy Spirit guide your lives. You do the possible, and let the Holy Spirit do the impossible. You obey, He'll instruct. You pray, He'll respond. You believe, He'll do the miracle. You preach, He'll save. You surrender, He'll empower. You read the Word, He'll give revelation. You step out in faith, He'll give favor. Do the possible, the Holy Spirit will do the impossible.


Hey guys it's Monica. I am going to share with you my morning skincare routine. This is actually a highly requested video by many of you, especially after my video where I talked about my retina use and my special oil that I use on my face, the CBD oils that I've been using, was removed by YouTube because it was inappropriate.  I have two of them. I have talked about the flora and baste before I have to give full credit to my lovely, lovely, lovely, lovely friend Marlene Fabin Glam Over 50. She's the one that first started talking about this and she's the one that inspired me to give it a try. I'm more of a drugstore lady, you know, I think you guys know that so I was like looking at the price point to this and I'm like going holy cow, 77 bucks not on sale right? Without a 20% off coupon or whatever but that's how bad I wanted to try it that I went ahead and I bit the bullet and I ordered it. So I've been using, I think it's been a little over a month that I've been using special oils on my face. I love that special oils on my face and the directions on their website on how to layer this for skincare stated that the best way to use this was after you wash your face on dry skin to apply this, let it set for a little bit and then apply whatever serums, vitamin C, your retinol, retin A, whatever you want to use afterwards. That's what their website said and so that's how I started to use it. I decided I was going to just do it the way they recommended. So to answer your question, you guys can make your own decision up. Obviously, you can switch it around but to answer your question the way I do it, I have been washing my face in the morning and I'm loving this radiant skincare. I mean for 20 semi dollars, I don't think you can go wrong on this system. This was sent to me, I have been using it. You can tell the brush, I'm very careful to try to keep it clean and clean it every time I use it but I really am enjoying this. So in the morning, I do a light wash, not any kind of heavy-duty thing because I don't have any makeup on. I'll hit my skincare. So usually I just do something like a CeraVe and lately because this was sent to me by Pixi in a PR package, I've been using the vitamin C cleanser. This is really very nice. I enjoy it. I'm not a raving fan. I mean when I'm done this, I don't know that I would run and at least not yet. Give me a few more weeks and we'll see but at this point in time I'm not just sure I would buy that again. I didn't buy it but I wouldn't run out and buy it once it was empty. But most of the time I just use my CeraVe. I will then put it on and I'll use the radiant spinner. I really like that. I feel like it's my my skin really clean but I do it very lightly because I usually do it a little bit more at night and I feel in the morning my skin is pretty clean. Every couple of days I'll do an exfoliation. I normally will get up in the morning and I will use my Studi 35 Alpha Hydroxy Acid. I really like this and I will put that all over my face. I let it set depending on how early I get up and then I wash it off. It's an exfoliation for me and then I also still use some gommages occasionally. So my routine wash, dry, apply my oil. The one that I've been using most of the time on my face is the one that I bought from Florin Bass. This is the CBD oil. I really like this. There's not a smell for me. I put it on. I only put I probably put about four or five drops in my hands and it's a very emollient. I just put it all over my face. I just pat it in very very gently. I go down my neck. I go down to my decolletage and I leave it that way. So in the morning after I've applied that then I will go to my vitamin C serum. It's in my refrigerator and I still use and I think the vitamin C is a holy grail for me. I don't think I'll ever give it up. I really think that the brightening I have had over the course of time when I look at some of my older pictures. I see such a big difference in the brightening of my skin and I really think a lot of it has to do with my vitamin C. I did try the mad hippie vitamin C. I talked about that. I like it but it didn't play nice with my foundation. So far the only vitamin C that I've used, which hasn't been all that many, has been my timeless vitamin C 20% C plus E in folic acid from Timeless. This is the big refill size. This is the only one so far for me that works really well under makeup. I did in that PR package from Pixie which was the most adorable thing in a jar that said subscription for Monica is really awesome. I did get the vitamin C serum so I have been using this as well. I don't think for me that this is as nice on my skin as this is but for the price point, I mean both of these are pretty reasonable but for the price point I think this is really really nice. It smells great. It just doesn't seem to sit well with my makeup. I have a little bit of a beating up when I use this in my makeup. The trick for this is to make sure if you're going to use it, is to use it. Put it on early enough so that it is well absorbed before you do anything. So normally then after my vitamin C, I put in my Metric Cell 3000. I've been using this for a long time. I'm not just sure I'm going to reorder it. I don't know that I really need it. Let's put it that way. I'm going to play around with it using my skincare without it but then at that point in time I let it dry.  If I'm home, if I'm out and about, if I'm going to work, I might use a foundation with a 50 SPF. I might use any other system but whatever sunblock I'm going to put on, I put on my sunblock and then I just put my makeup on. I don't need to have to add any oils, any creams, or anything. It's sunblock and foundation and even my Australian gold which is a drier sunblock for me, goes on so super nice with my special face oil on. So I have also been trying a different face oil that was sent to me for review and this is Mecu, M-A-K-U. I think, and I'll link Dr. Dre's video on this. I think she had reviewed this a lot for health benefits and stuff like that. Anyways, I've been using this Manly for Skin here. This is a 5000 milligram bottle. It has a lot, a lot in there. So I use this very, very lightly. One drop. I might put it right on my, you know, my real trouble area. I don't use them both together. I oftentimes daytime, nighttime is what I've been doing. I love, love, love, love the special face oils. I know they're expensive. They are really expensive but since I've been using this I haven't touched any of my other oils. I haven't touched any of my other creams and now I don't want to let it go to waste what I have open. Do you know what I mean? I really don't. So I have to push myself to start using some of it only because I don't want it to go to waste but I have some stuff that I've never opened and I think I'm going to do a giveaway for that but this has taken the place of a lot of different oils. Rosypseed oil for me. I used to love that. I put this down my neck. No more Rosypseed oil. I still have some. I have an unopened bottle and it's going to go on a giveaway and Marula oil. Well, Marula oil I've been using a little bit more in my hair and I really, really like it in my hair and talking about hair I should mention this product even though it would be better if I showed it to you with, you know, when I used it but this color, this was color wow. This was sent to me via the Octoly network and this is their dream code. I'm sure you've heard many content creators talk about this but this color wow is really wow. You have to use this with a hot tool and then it sort of sets and it kind of like in the humidity in the frizzy and not that I have terribly frizzy hair but my hair can frizz up especially in the humidity. This will last days so I've only used it once so far. I like it. I don't have a lot of frizzy hair but I think it's pretty cool. So again, sent to me via the Octoly network from color wow. I totally appreciate it. The CBD oils that I think ultimately is going to save me a lot of money. I really, really believe that and so far I'm like so super happy and I credit it all really to Marlene. I really do. I credit it all to her.  Our main space because everyone always asks is my YSL. This was sent to me quite a while ago from YSL via the Octoly network and I love it. I love it. This is a very, you know I'm, I don't need to spend a lot of money on foundations although the SD lot is expensive but I buy that usually at the cosmetic company store 50% off. How can you go wrong? But this was sent to me quite a while ago. I did a review on it and I just have to say for the special occasion and I never really, never really realized the difference in something like this, you know, for a special occasion. This is awesome. This is just a, I don't know, it's just a really beautiful, a beautiful foundation and it's a beautiful finish. I wouldn't wear it every day but on a special occasion I certainly, certainly would and then on that tone and because I'm wearing the YSL I'm just going to tell you I got these two products also from the Octoly network via YSL via Octoly network. One is their, oh this is really awesome, their, their concealer. This is awesome and you open it up and it's sort of like pump action and then you can, you pump it and this conceals super, super, super well. It, like I put it on my nose, oh I shouldn't be putting it on but I put it on my nose. It really has concealed any redness that I have and then the highlighter.  Whoops, I don't want to be.  So I really like this because it's very gentle application and you can't in my opinion go overboard. So YSL, these were sent to me as I said in exchange for review. I like them a lot and I was so thrilled that they actually accepted me for this. Now the special oils. I truthfully will say this has made a huge difference on my veins and I know it's not supposed to but it's made a huge difference on my redness. So I don't know whether it's just fading a little bit of the red. It's making the veins not so red. I don't know but what a big difference this has made on my veins and this one, now this one I bought and the McCoo one M-A-K-U was sent to me again. This is the 5000 milligrams. So what I've been doing at night is I've been dabbing that more on the veins and more right by my smokers wrinkles. I did I did research how to apply this by looking on the website and Florin Bast had it on their website and their suggestion was to put the oil on after you wash and then all your serums on top of it or whatever else you might want. But this would help enhance those serums, how they work including Retin-A and Vitamin A, Vitamin C. It would enhance how they work, it would help them go deeper, it would just make them, it would enhance them 100%. So that's how I've been using it. I have noticed a huge, huge massive improvement not only in some of my red spots I think are a lot lighter but in my in my peeling, in my flaking. So since I've been using this I haven't had to touch up during the day with my squirreling oil. I haven't had to go in the bathroom and wash the flakes off my face and reapply my makeup. Nothing. So I think this has been really awesome for that. And when I received this I reached out to the company and I told them I said I'd like to know what your recommendation is for using your CBD oil as for skincare. And I explained what I'd been doing and that I had been using the Fluorobast and that you know this was the recommended way. And my liaison said you know what you can use it either way that you like the best. Try it both ways. However, be aware that research aspires how this works for skincare is relatively young whereas how this all works for other health benefits is not young. There's a whole lot of research on that. So it's still early in the game for skincare. She said however it does it will enhance and promote and help all those other serums that you're using work better. Most people apply it and then this serums but it's up to you. It's what works best for you. I totally appreciated her response. At the same time I sent an email to Fluorobast and I said to them I said just want to make sure that I'm interpreting what you said on your website correctly. And I explained what I've been doing and I said would you please let me know if this is the recommended appropriate way. I've not heard anything back and I'm really disappointed in that because I love this a lot but I've not heard anything back from them so you know not that I'm measuring how well a product works from customer service but I do think customer service is important and I think that an email should be responded to as much as possible. So I love this. I will continue to use this obviously. I will next 20% off. I'm stocking up on another bottle of this and this is like a lot stronger and this also has a little bit of a smell where this one I don't notice any kind of a smell so if you're sensitive at all to that and also if you're sensitive to MCT oils you might want to look at the ingredients really carefully because you know MCT oil is something that is in these types of products so you might want to be aware of that. MCT oil doesn't bother me. I put it in my smoothie you know I not doesn't bother me at all but you know for some people yes so that's how that's my that's my very simple morning skincare since I've been using this oil I really have not used any moisturizer my foundation goes on beautifully it lasts beautifully and and even this gorgeous foundation it it lasts all day I come home at night I don't have skin hang I don't have those massive flakes I really love it I really do so I will talk about my evening skincare routine but you know what it's it's pretty well basic you know it really is um I probably do more of a cleanse double or triple cleanse because I'm going to get more makeup off but other than that my skincare with this oil has really been simplified if I go away I don't need to pack all sorts of creams and oils anyways so that's it guys I just wanted to share that with you all let you know how I've been doing we're using the oil oh and on my head because a lot of you always ask on my head right now what I'm wearing is my um this is my Raquel Welch flirt alert this is sort of a short bob style with curls you know wavy wavy wavy curls if you're not familiar with a Raquel Welch wig I love I will have to admit I do love the alice front I love the alice front this apart for me is on the opposite side of where I would normally want to part my hair but it looks so realistic it really does it looks so realistic and the fibers are just they're just really nice so this is Raquel Welch flirt alert in shaded wheat I believe and um this was sent to me via wigs.com quite a while ago and I wear it you guys see me in my wigs all the time I just find as a content creator having hair accessories like this is just really nice it makes it easier to shoot a video not have to worry about your hair I'll go out to dinner with Jay we'll go out we'll drive around I'll put a wig on my head if I want or I'll put my hair up in a bun it doesn't matter you know I mean having all sorts of different hair accessories and that's exactly what I consider this to be a really cool hair accessory so anyways guys thanks so much for watching and I will catch you in my next video bye guys