Robert Nesta Bob Marley, OM was a Jamaican singer-songwriter, musician and guitarist who achieved international fame and acclaim, blending mostly reggae, ska and rocksteady in his compositions. Starting out in 1963 with the group The Whalers, he forged a distinctive songwriter and vocal style that would later resonate with audiences worldwide. The Whalers would go on to release some of the earliest reggae records with producer Lee Scratch Perry. After The Whalers disbanded in 1974, Marley pursued a solo career upon his relocation to England that culminated in the release of the album Exodus in 1977, which established his worldwide reputation and produced his status as one of the world's best-selling artists of all time, with sales of more than 75 million records. Exodus stayed on the British album charts for 56 consecutive weeks. It included four UK hit singles, Exodus, Waiting in Vane, Jemming, and One Love. In 1978 he released the album Kaya, which included the hit singles is This Love and Satisfy My Soul. Diagnosed with Acral Lentogenous Melanoma in 1977, Marley died on May 11, 1981 in Miami at age 36. He was a committed Rastafari who infused his music with a sense of spirituality. He is considered one of the most influential musicians of all time and credited with popularizing reggae music around the world, as well as serving as a symbol of Jamaican culture and identity. Marley has also evolved into a global symbol and inspired numerous items of merchandise. Early Life and Career Bob Marley was born February 6, 1945 on the farm of his maternal grandfather in Nine Mile, St. Anne Parish, Jamaica, to Norval Sinclair Marley, 1885-1955, and Sadella Booker, 1926-2008. Norval Marley was a white Jamaican originally from Sussex, England, whose family claimed Syrian-Jewish origins. Norval claimed to have been a captain in the Royal Marines, at the time of his marriage to Sadella Booker, an Afro-Jamaican then 18 years old, he was employed as a plantation overseer.Bob Marley's full name is Robert Nesta Marley, though some sources give his birth name as Nesta Robert Marley, with the story that when Marley was still a boy a Jamaican passport official reversed his first and middle names because Nesta sounded like a girl's name. Norval provided financial support for his wife and child but seldom saw them as he was often away. Bob Marley attended Stepney Primary and Junior High School which serves the catchment area of St. Anne. In 1955, when Bob Marley was 10 years old, his father died of a heart attack at the age of 70. Marley's mother went on to marry Edward Booker, an American civil servant. The relationship brought Marley two American brothers, Richard and Anthony. Marley and Neville Livingston, later known as Bunny Whaler, had been childhood friends in Nine Mile. They had started to play music together while at Stepney Primary and Junior High School. Marley left Nine Mile with his mother when he was 12 and moved to Trenchtown, Kingston. Sedella Booker and Thaddeus Livingston, Bunny Whaler's father, had a daughter together whom they named Claudette Pearl, who was a younger sister to both Bob and Bunny. Now that Marley and Livingston were living together in the same house in Trenchtown, their musical explorations deepened to include the latest rand B from American radio stations whose broadcasts reached Jamaica, and the new ska music. The move to Trenchtown was proving to be fortuitous, and Marley soon found himself in a vocal group with Bunny Whaler, Peter Tosh, Beverly Kelso and Junior Braithwaite. Joe Higgs, who was part of the successful vocal act Higgs and Wilson, resided on 3rd St, and his singing partner Roy Wilson had been raised by the grandmother of Junior Braithwaite. Higgs and Wilson would rehearse at the back of the houses between 2nd and 3rd streets, and it wasn't long before Marley, now residing on 2nd St. Junior Braithwaite and the others were congregating around this successful duo. Marley and the others didn't play any instruments at this time, and were more interested in being a vocal harmony group. Higgs was glad to help them develop their vocal harmonies, although more importantly, he had started to teach Marley how to play guitar thereby creating the bedrock that would later allow Marley to construct some of the biggest selling reggae songs in the history of the genre. Musical Career 1962-72, Early Years In February 1962, Marley recorded four songs, Judge Not, One Cup of Coffee, Do You Still Love Me?, and Terror, at Federal Studio for Local Music Producer Leslie Kong. Three of the songs were released on Beverly's With One Cup of Coffee being released under the pseudonym Bobby Martell. In 1963, Bob Marley, Bunny Whaler, Peter Tosh, Junior Braithwaite, Beverly Kelso, and Cherry Smith were called the Teenagers. They later changed the name to the Whaling Rude Boys, then to the Whaling Whalers, at which point they were discovered by record producer Coxone Dodd, and finally to the Whalers. Their single simmer down for the Coxone label became a Jamaican number one in February 1964 selling an estimated 70,000 copies. The Whalers, now regularly recording for Studio One, found themselves working with established Jamaican musicians such as Ernest Wranglin, a ranger it hurts to be alone, the keyboardist Jackie Mitu and saxophonist Roland Alfonso. By 1966, Braithwaite, Kelso, and Smith had left the Whalers, leaving the core trio of Bob Marley, Bunny Whaler, and Peter Tosh. In 1966, Marley married Rita Anderson, and moved near his mother's residence in Wilmington, Delaware in the United States for a short time, during which he worked as a Dupont lab assistant and on the assembly line at a Chrysler plant, under the alias Donald Marley. Though raised as a Catholic, Marley became interested in Rastafari beliefs in the 1960s, when away from his mother's influence. After returning to Jamaica, Marley formally converted to Rastafari and began to grow dreadlocks. The Rastafari prescription against cutting hair is based on the Biblical Samson, who as a Nazi rite, was expected to make certain religious vows, including the ritual treatment of his hair as described in Chapter 6 of the Book of Numbers. All the days of the vow of his separation there shall no razor come upon his head, until the days be fulfilled, in the which he separateth himself unto the Lord, he shall be holy, and shall let the locks of the hair of his head grow. NUMBER 6, 5KJV After a financial disagreement with Dodd, Marley and his band teamed up with Lee Scratch Perry and his studio band, The Upsetters. Although the alliance lasted less than a year, they recorded what many consider the whalers finest work. Marley and Perry split after a dispute regarding the assignment of recording rites, but they would remain friends and work together again. 1969 brought another change to Jamaican popular music in which the beat slowed down even further. The new beat was a slow, steady, ticking rhythm that was first heard on the Maidals song Do the Reggae. Marley approached producer Leslie Kong, who was regarded as one of the major developers of the reggae sound. For the recordings, Kong combined the whalers with his studio musicians called Beverly's All-Stars, which consisted of the bassists Lloyd Parks and Jackie Jackson, the drummer Paul Douglas, the keyboard players Gladstone Anderson and Winston Wright, and the guitarists Rad Brian, Lynn Tate and Hux Brown. As David Moskovitz writes, the tracks recorded in this session illustrated the whalers' earliest efforts in the new reggae style. Gone are the Scott trumpets and saxophones of the earlier songs, with instrumental breaks now being played by the electric guitar. The songs recorded would be released as the album the best of the whalers, including tracks Soul Shake Down Party, Stop That Train, Caution, Go Tell It On The Mountain, Soon Come, Can't You See, Soul Captives, Cheer Up, Back Out, and Do It Twice. Between 1968 and 1972, Bob and Rita Marley, Peter Tosh and Bunny Whaler recut some old tracks with jad records in Kingston and London in an attempt to commercialise the whalers' sound. Bunny later asserted that these songs should never be released on an album, they were just demos for record companies to listen to. In 1968, Bob and Rita visited songwriter Jimmy Norman at his apartment in the Bronx. Norman had written the extended lyrics for Kai Winding's Time Is On My Side, covered by the Rolling Stones, and had also written for Johnny Nash and Jimmy Hendricks. A three-day jam session with Norman and others, including Norman's CEO writer Al Piefrem, resulted in a 24-minute tape of Marley performing several of his own and Norman Piefrem's compositions. This tape is, according to reggae archivist Roger Stephens, rare in that it was influenced by pop rather than reggae, as part of an effort to break Marley into the American charts. According to an article in The New York Times, Marley experimented on the tape with different sounds, adopting a doo-wop style on Stay With Me and The Slow Love Song style of 1960s artists on Splish for My Splash. He got an artist yet to establish himself outside his native Jamaica, Marley lived in R.I.D.G. Mount, Gardens, Bloomsbury, during 1972. 1972-74, Moved to Island Records In 1972, Bob Marley signed with CBS Records in London and embarked on a UK tour with American soul singer Johnny Nash. While in London the Whalers asked their road manager Brent Clark to introduce them to Chris Blackwell, who had licensed some of their coxone releases for his Island Records. The Whalers intended to discuss the royalties associated with these releases, instead the meeting resulted in the offer of an advance of £4,000 to record an album. Since Jimmy Cliff, Island's top reggae star, had recently left the label, Blackwell was primed for a replacement. In Marley, Blackwell recognized the elements needed to snare the rock audience, I was dealing with rock music, which was really rebel music. I felt that would really be the way to break Jamaican music. But you needed someone who could be that image. When Bob walked in he really was that image. The Whalers returned to Jamaica to record at Harry J.S. in Kingston, which resulted in the album Catch a Fire. Primarily recorded on an eight track, Catch a Fire marked the first time a reggae band had access to a state-of-the-art studio and were recorded the same care as their rock and roll peers.Blackwell desired to create more of a drifting, hypnotic type feel than a reggae rhythm, and restructured Marley's mixes and arrangements. Marley travelled to London to supervise Blackwell's overdubbing of the album which included tempering the mix from the bass heavy sound of Jamaican music and omitting two tracks. The Whalers' first album for Island, Catch a Fire, was released worldwide in April 1973, packaged like a rock record with a unique zippo lighter lift top. Initially selling 14,000 units, it didn't make Marley a star, but received a positive critical reception.It was followed later that year by the album Burnon which included the song I Shot the Sheriff. Eric Clapton was given the album by his guitarist George Terry in the hope that he would enjoy it. Clapton was suitably impressed and chose to record a cover version of I Shot the Sheriff which became his first US hit since Layla two years earlier and reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on September 14, 1974. Many Jamaicans were not keen on the new reggae sound on Catch a Fire, but the trench town style of Burnon found fans across both reggae and rock audiences. During this period, Blackwell gifted his Kingston residence and company headquarters at 56 Hope Road, then known as Island House, to Marley. Housing Tough Gong Studios, the property became not only Marley's office, but also his home. The Whalers were scheduled to open 17 shows in the US for Sly and the Family Stone. After four shows, the band was fired because they were more popular than the acts they were opening for. The Whalers disbanded in 1974, with each of the three main members pursuing a solo career. The reason for the breakup is shrouded in conjecture, some believe that there were disagreements amongst Bunny Whaler, Peter Tosh and Marley concerning performances, while others claim that Whaler and Tosh simply preferred solo work. 1974-76, line-up changes and shooting. Despite the breakup, Marley continued recording as Bob Marley and the Whalers. His new backing band included brothers Carlton and Aston Family Man Barrett on drums and bass respectively, Junior Marvin and Al Anderson on lead guitar, Tyrone Downey and Earl Wailindo on keyboards, and Alvin Seco Patterson on percussion. The i3s, consisting of Judy Mallett, Marcia Griffiths and Marley's wife, Rita, provided backing vocals. In 1975, Marley had his international breakthrough with his first hit outside Jamaica, No Woman, No Cry, from the Natty Dread album. This was followed by his breakthrough album in the United States, Rostamon Vibration, 1976, which reached the top 50 of the Billboard Soul charts. On December 3, 1976, two days before Smile Jamaica, a free concert organised by the Jamaican Prime Minister Michael Manley in an attempt to ease tension between two warring political groups, Marley, his wife and manager Don Taylor were wounded in an assault by unknown gunman inside Marley's home. Taylor and Marley's wife sustained serious injuries, but later made full recoveries. Bob Marley received minor wounds in the chest and arm. The attempt on his life was thought to have been politically motivated, as many felt the concert was really a support rally for Manley. Nonetheless, the concert proceeded, and an injured Marley performed as scheduled, two days after the attempt. When asked why, Marley responded, The people who are trying to make this world worse aren't taking a day off. How can I? The members of the group Zapp-Pow played as Bob Marley's backup band before a festival crowd of 80,000 while members of the Whalers were still missing or in hiding. 1976-79, relocation to England Marley left Jamaica at the end of 1976, and after a month-long recovery and writing sojourn at the site of Chris Blackwell's Compass Point Studios in Nassau, Bahamas, arrived in England, where he spent two years in self-imposed exile. Wildston England, he recorded the albums Exodus and Kaia. Exodus stayed on the British album charts for 56 consecutive weeks. It included four UK hit singles, Exodus, Waiting in Vein, Gemming, and One Love, a rendition of Curtis Mayfield's hit, People Get Ready. During his time in London, he was arrested and received a conviction for possession of a small quantity of cannabis. In 1978, Marley returned to Jamaica and performed at another political concert, the One Love Peace Concert, again in an effort to calm warring parties. Near the end of the performance, by Marley's request, Michael Manley, leader of then-ruling People's National Party, and his political rival Edward Sega, leader of the opposing Jamaica Labour Party, joined each other on stage and shook hands. Under the name Bob Marley and the Whalers' 11 albums were released, four live albums and seven studio albums. The releases included Babylon by Bus, a double live album with 13 tracks, were released in 1978 and received critical acclaim. This album, and specifically the final track Gemming with the audience in a frenzy, captured the intensity of Marley's live performances. 1979-81, later years. Survival, a defiant and politically charged album, was released in 1979. Tracks such as Zimbabwe, Africa Unite, Wake Up and Live, and Survival reflected Marley's support for the struggles of Africans. His appearance at the Amandla Festival in Boston in July 1979 showed his strong opposition to South African apartheid, which he already had shown in his song War in 1976. In early 1980, he was invited to perform at April 17 celebration of Zimbabwe's Independence Day. Uprising, 1980, was Bob Marley's final studio album, and is one of his most religious productions, it includes redemption song and forever-loving yaw. Confrontation, released posthumously in 1983, contained unreleased material recorded during Marley's lifetime, including the hit Buffalo Soldier and new mixes of singles previously only available in Jamaica. Illness and Death In July 1977, Marley was found to have a type of malignant melanoma under the nail of a toe. Contrary to urban legend, this lesion was not primarily caused by an injury during a football match that year, but was instead a symptom of the already existing cancer. Marley turned down his doctor's advice to have his toe amputated, citing his religious beliefs, and instead the nail and nail bed were removed and a skin graft taken from his thigh to cover the area. Despite his illness, he continued touring and was in the process of scheduling a world tour in 1980. The album Uprising was released in May 1980. The band completed a major tour of Europe, where it played its biggest concert to 100,000 people in Milan. After the tour Marley went to America, where he performed two shows at Madison Square Garden in New York City as part of the Uprising tour. Marley's last concert occurred at the Stanley Theatre, now called the Benetem Center for the Performing Arts, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on September 23, 1980. The only known photographs from the show were featured in Kevin McDonald's documentary film Marley. Shortly afterwards, Marley's health deteriorated as the cancer had spread throughout his body. The rest of the tour was canceled and Marley sought treatment at the Bavarian Clinic of Joseph Issel's, where he received a controversial type of cancer therapy, Issel's treatment, partly based on avoidance of certain foods, drinks and other substances. After fighting the cancer without success for eight months Marley boarded a plane for his home in Jamaica. While Marley was flying home from Germany to Jamaica, his vital functions worsened. After landing in Miami, Florida, he was taken to the hospital for immediate medical attention. Marley died on May 11, 1981 at Cedars of Lebanon Hospital in Miami, now University of Miami Hospital, aged 36. The spread of melanoma to his lungs and brain caused his death. His final words to his son Ziggy were �Money can�t buy life.� Marley received a state funeral in Jamaica on May 21, 1981, which combined elements of Ethiopian orthodoxy and Rastafari tradition. He was buried in a chapel near his birthplace with his Red Gibson lay Paul, some accounts say it was offender Stratocaster. On May 21, 1981, Jamaican Prime Minister Edward Siga delivered the final funeral eulogy to Marley, declaring, �Personal life. Religion. Bob Marley was a member for some years of the Rastafari movement, whose culture was a key element in the development of reggae. Bob Marley became an ardent proponent of Rastafari, taking their music out of the socially deprived areas of Jamaica and onto the international music scene. He once gave the following response, which was typical, to a question put to him during a recorded interview. Interviewer, can you tell the people what it means being a Rastafarian? Marley, I would say to the people, be still, and know that his Imperial Majesty, Emperor Highly Celacy of Ethiopia is the Almighty. Now, the Bible seh so, Babylon newspaper seh so, and I and I the children seh so. You know? So I don�t see how much more reveal our people want. What dem want?  True true. According to Marley�s biographers, he affiliated with the 12 tribes mansion, one of the mansions of Rastafari. He was in the denomination known as Tribe of Joseph, because he was born in February, each of the 12 sects being composed of members born in a different month. He signified this in his 1976 Rastaman vibration album liner notes, quoting the portion from Deuteronomy 33,16 that includes Jacob�s blessing to his son Joseph. Jacob, aka Israel, was a Jewish patriarch whose 12 sons became the ancestors of much of the growing Israelite population. The Rastaman vibration back cover also quoted the Genesis 49,22-24, where Jacob describes his son Joseph as �a fruitful bow growing taller than the others, over the wall, and suffering an attempted murder by bowmen who provoke hate and shoot arrows at him, wounding him seriously.� But Joseph survived because his arms and hands were made strong by the hands of the God of Jacob, which was understood by many as an eerie prophecy as, a few days after the album was released, Kingston gunman shot Marley, bullets hit his arm and chest, who like Joseph, survived. Archbishop Abuna Yeshak baptized Marley into the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, giving him the name Birhane Selassie, on November 4, 1980, shortly before his death. Family. Bob Marley married Alfarita Constantia Rita Anderson in Kingston, Jamaica, on February 10, 1966. Marley had many children, three with his wife Rita, two adopted from Rita's previous relationships, and several others with different women. The Bob Marley official website acknowledges 11 children. Those listed on the official site are. Number Sharon, born November 23, 1964, daughter of Rita from a previous relationship but then adopted by Marley after his marriage with Rita. Number Sedella, born August 23, 1967, to Rita. Number David Ziggy, born October 17, 1968, to Rita. Number Steven, born April 20, 1972, to Rita. Number Robert Robbie, born May 16, 1972, to Pat Williams. Number Rohan, born May 19, 1972, to Janet Hunt. Number Karen, born 1973, to Janet Bowen. Number Stephanie, born August 17, 1974, according to Sedella Booker she was the daughter of Rita and a man called I Tall with whom Rita had an affair, nonetheless she was acknowledged as Bob's daughter. Number Julian, born June 4, 1975, to Lucy Pounder. Number K. Waimani, born February 26, 1976, to Anita Belnavis. Number Damien, born July 21, 1978, to Cindy Brake Spear. Other sites have noted additional individuals who claim to be family members, as noted below. Asterisk Makata was born on May 30, 1981, to Yvette Crichton, after Marley's death. Meredith Dixon's book lists her as Marley's child, but she is not listed as such on the Bob Marley official website. Asterisk various websites, for example, also list Imani Carroll, born May 22, 1963 to Cheryl Murray, but she does not appear on the official Bob Marley website. Football. Aside from music, football played a major role throughout his life.As well as playing the game, in parking lots, fields and even inside recording studios, growing up he followed the Brazilian club Santos and its star player Pele.Marley surrounded himself with people from the sport, and in the 1970s made the Jamaican international footballer Alan Skill Cole his tour manager.He told a journalist, if you want to get to know me, you will have to play football against me and the Whalers. Personal views. Pan-Africanism. Marley was a Pan-Africanist, and believed in the unity of African people worldwide. His beliefs in Pan-Africanism were rooted in his Rastafari religious beliefs. He was substantially inspired by Marcus Garvey, and had anti-imperialist and Pan-Africanist themes in many of his songs, such as Zimbabwe, Exodus, Survival, Blackman Redemption, and Redemption Song. Redemption Song draws influence from a speech given by Marcus Garvey in Nova Scotia, 1937. Marley held that independence of African countries from European domination was a victory for all those in the African diaspora. In the Song Africa Unite, he sings of a desire for all peoples of the African diaspora to come together and fight against Babylon. Similarly, in the Song Zimbabwe, he marks the liberation of the whole continent of Africa, and evokes calls for unity between all Africans, both within and outside Africa. Cannabis. Marley considered cannabis a healing herb, a sacrament, and an aid to medication, he supported the legalization of the drug. He thought that marijuana use was prevalent in the Bible, reading passages such as Psalms 104-14 as showing approval of its usage.Marley began to use cannabis when he converted to the Rastafari faith from Catholicism in 1966. He was arrested in 1968 after being caught with cannabis, but continued to use marijuana in accordance with his religious beliefs.  All the wickedness you do, the herb reveal itself to yourself, your conscience, show up yourself clear, because herb make you meditate. Is only a natural teeing and it grow like a tree. Marley saw marijuana usage as a vital factor in religious growth and connection with Yah, and as a way to philosophies and become wiser. Legacy. Other Tributes. A statue was inaugurated, next to the National Stadium on Arthur Wint Drive in Kingston to commemorate him. In 2006, the New York City Department of Education CEO named a portion of Church Avenue from Remson Avenue to East 98th Street in the East Flatbush section of Brooklyn as Bob Marley Boulevard. In 2008, a statue of Marley was inaugurated in Bonatsky Sokolak, Serbia. Internationally, Marley's message also continues to reverberate among various indigenous communities. For instance, the Australian aboriginal people continue to burn a sacred flame to honour his memory in Sydney's Victoria Park, while members of the Amerindian Hopi and Havasupai tribe revere his work RP5. There are also many tributes to Bob Marley throughout India, including restaurants, hotels and cultural festivals. Marley has also evolved into a global symbol, which has been endlessly merchandised through a variety of mediums. In light of this, author Dave Thompson in his book Reggae and Caribbean Music, laments what he perceives to be the commercialised pacification of Marley's more militant edge, stating, Several film adaptations have evolved as well. For instance, a feature-length documentary about his life, Rebel Music, won various awards at the Grammys. With contributions from Rita, the Whalers and Marley's lovers and children, it also tells much of the story in his own words. In February 2008, director Martin Scorsese announced his intention to produce a documentary movie on Marley. The film was set to be released on February 6, 2010, on what would have been Marley's 65th birthday. However, Scorsese dropped out due to scheduling problems. He was replaced by Jonathan Demme, who dropped out due to creative differences with producer Steve Bing during the beginning of editing. Kevin MacDonald replaced Demme in the film, Marley, was released on April 20, 2012. In March 2008, the Weinstein Company announced its plans to produce a biopic of Bob Marley, based on the book No Woman No Cry, My Life with Bob Marley by Rita Marley. Rudy Langglish will produce the script by Lizzie Borden and Rita Marley will be executive producer. In 2011, ex-girlfriend and filmmaker Esther Anderson, along with Gian Godoy, made the documentary Bob Marley, The Making of a Legend, which premiered at the Edinburgh International Film Festival. In October 2015, Jamaican author Marlin James' novel A Brief History of Seven Killings, a fictional account of the attempted assassination of Marley, won the 2015 Man Booker Prize at a ceremony in London.


So, we are going to talk about this thing and us is me Nikolay Kondrashov and Michael is sitting here, he'll join me later. Neither of us does actually look like that anymore. So, we are coming from Red Hat CKI team or CKI project and we're a distributed team which are doing the Kernel CI at Red Hat. So, why do we need Kernel CI? Well, as most of you probably know, we do releases of distributions and each release has different Kernel versions. There's a lot of Kernel versions and moreover, we are one of the major contributors to the Kernel and certainly the biggest one among distributions. So, this shows the comparison of unique email addresses from Suze, Red Hat and Canonical contributed to the Kernel. And this is commits. Each of those is per year and the Red Hat is the blue one. So, we somehow got to make it consistent and reliable. And if you look at this, this is a big cue of how code goes through the pipeline towards Red Hat. And until not so long ago, our tests were only there at the end. So, the developers will throw the commits through the builds over to the QA and they would test it and then come back and they would retest it. That takes a long time. And if you consider how long it takes for the whole code pipeline to execute one patch, to digest the patch through that and get to a release, it's a long way. So, what we wanna do is we want to do this. And we want to do it fast and provide as much as possible feedback. So that ideally the bugs are caught before even maintainers see them at the moment that the developers submit those. And that is hard because there is just so much email. I mean, look at this. So, we somehow are supposed like, I'm not having anything against this message just shows the complexity of these things. So, somehow we are supposed to put our web hooks in here. Like, this is patch number 62 out of 114. And there is this amount of discussion going on. So, somehow we are supposed to test those and provide feedback to developers. So, this has been an ongoing discussion recently in the kernel circles. And for example, the last Linux Plumbers, there was one of those presentations that are happening recently by Dmitry Bujkov, who did a very good take on those issues. And I recommend you watch it if you're interested in the kernel development process. He makes good points. So, what we've built is something like this. This is simplified. And actually lost a slightly more complex slide on the plane here because of how slides.com works. But no mind, this is very simple. And we'll go around. So, normally, if you wanted to check just the changes in the Git repo being committed there, that's kinda easy. So, we have a bunch of repos with track and we check like if there are new commits and we test those, that's fairly trivial.  And we also track upstream repos, mainly stable at this moment, but we track also a few others. And we test those commits, of course, and that's relatively easy. We just pull the repo and run our test about which I'll tell you a little later. Then there's the interesting part which I started with. Turns out it's not that hard. So, well, it's hard, it's hard. And don't get me wrong, but you can do it easier. So, there's a typical mail list, like Linux USB mail list. There's a message from a series, it looks like this. Turns out there is a project called Patchwork, probably many of you know, which is used by maintainers. Well, most of all, they use it to track the patches as they've been processed, reviewed, and tested, and they check which patches were merged and which not. So, it looks like this, if you go to patchwork.kernel.org, there is a bunch of projects, and those projects can be mapped to a particular mail list or even a particular tag being used, like tagging the subject being used in the mail list. Oh, at least the thread head is done this way. I'm not sure if that's upstream actually. So, if you go to the same Linux USB mail list here, you can see there's, again, those patches, but this time they're organized into series, and if you click on one of those links, you get to the particular patch series. There are two patches in there, and we can go to specific patch and see what's going on, what's the patch, and we can download the inbox there on the right or the whole series. And the main thing that concerns us about this is that Patchwork has REST API. So, we can go through those projects, we can extract the patch series, the patches, and everything, and we can track when they are peering. This is, of course, sounds very simple, but the devil is in the details where you have to kind of expect that not all messages come through at the same time. When you go check and the series might not be complete, there are bugs, people sending all kinds of messages in there, sometimes they're not picked up, and things like that. Patch series can have cover letter, can don't have cover letter, and things like that. But you can make it work. So, the typical patchwork trigger would be tied to a particular patchwork instance and particular project there and associated with the corresponding Git repo. Further on, we also have triggers from our package builds in Koji and the developers builds in Copper for Fedora and internally for REL, although it's called a little differently. Oh, pardon, let's go back. So, Fedora build system looks like this.  There's our kernel. Let's take this one, and here is information on the build of the kernel, like specific revision and everything and all the packages that were built for all the architectures.  So, Copper is more for developers. You can have your package build and put into our RPM repo and picked up by your users or by other developers and we track those as well, so you can look for the slash kernel there and find one of those and go in there and into builds and see there's been a build and here's the packages. But we don't talk through the web UI, of course. There's the packages. We talk through the, we listen to the Fedora message bus which is used both by Codege and Copper and internally they are threat head. There's a message bus as well. We just listen to the message. There's a log from our trigger and it checks like, okay, there's build completed. There's a message coming through the bus. We're not interested in this one, neither in this one, but here is the kernel. We pick it up and we trigger our pipeline. So, we also have to test our own CI, so we have a special kind of, two special kinds of triggers for GitHub and GitLab for testing contributions to our CI repos of which we have many and as you can see, we have some on GitHub and some on GitLab because of, well, historically. So, it looks simply like this. You submit a PR or an MR and the bot comes and says like, hey, I'm a bot, send me a message and I'll test this for you. So, the developer says like a test please bot and bot says testing and then it triggers the pipelines through for the various repos that we have. The developer can go have lunch or two and then finishes and the bot says like passed or failed. Well, as it happens, here's an example of my food request. So, the bot comes in and tells us like, here I am, this is what you can do and it's a little different for GitLab and for various repos and can say like, oh, add this keyword or that keyword and we'll test this and that and things like that. And yeah, I am asking the bot to test. So, the bot says, yeah, I'm going then it's supposed to result or failed, of course. So, that's how we do testing for our CI because, yeah, many repos and because our CI is in a separate pipeline and we have like, we internally have two GitLab repos actually handling this but about this, not repos, GitLab instances. That's a complication, a final one, yeah. So, further on that's, and these are two major parts of our pipeline. Of course, the test database and the tool which lets us pick which tests to run and organizes everything into trees and other dependencies like where we can what we can run with this build with that build on this architecture and that architecture and et cetera, whether developers want to test this or that. So, basically the data flow is very simple. We have KPDB, which is a repo with the test information which is currently private because there is like all kinds of stuff for rail internal ones and we are still intending to open it up but it's difficult to separate the upstream tests from downstream tests in a complicated data structure and somehow merge it together. So, we have the database which is basically YAML and we have a tool which takes it and a bunch of parameters and then speeds out the XML for Vickers system which actually runs our tests. And this system is installed internally but it's open source but you will have a very hard time actually trying to install it which we are working on right now very hard and hopefully we'll be able to let you guys enjoy it but it's all open source, it's out there goes in the documentation, it's just nobody succeeded installing it by themselves yet. So, the databases can contain like information about architectures again of which there are five right now. Kind of host types and this describe what do we want the host to have like do we want to have this much RAM or this many CPUs or this much storage or even a particular PCI card or a network card and we organize them into host types because that's easier. We have trees obviously, particular repos or types of repos we want to test and those affect which tests will run where like for example one test can run on the RL7 but not on RL5 and some on upstream and some tests are still internal not many though, most of them are actually out there. Components which describe what things the build contains like upstream only contains a kernel image but internal builds they are built using RPMs and there could be debugging for headers, the internal kernel headers and things like that or tools that some tests need like for example, some tests need debugging for things like that or some tests don't run on debug build. So, and then we organize tests into sets of course like for network tests, for file system memory, et cetera, et cetera virtual machines and of course the description of the tests which themselves of which there are quite a big number soon to be a hundred and these are range from simple tests like just a shell script which just restarts the kernel test something that's done to very big ones like LTP, USEX and the top ones are listed there I guess but those are not all which can contain like thousands of tests. So, an example of tests with data like a description where it is in the report it's actually quite outdated. Anyway, the essence is there. Where it is located and for example, this one is in our test repository on GitHub where most of our tests are which host type it runs on. Additional information of like, I want like this very specific host for this like and it could be down to a specific host name on our in our bigger system like I want to run it like exactly here on this machine because there's only this hardware there which this description could look like this actually this says don't run on these arm systems because they don't work. So, information on maintainers and what's not well this is a discussion for upstream that's not the depth for now. So, these are test maintainers who look after after the test and check that it's working and it's failing and that actually receive copies of failure reports and they are supposed to take a look at as soon as something happens and tell the developer, okay, sorry, that's my bad, it's a failure or say like, this is your problem and they are responsible for those tests which is going to upstream important because upstream developers they don't see that much into our machines and things like that. So they have a hard time figuring out what actually happened which we are working on. So, there's the conditions for the tests to run on like the sets which it belongs to and this is also outdated, my gosh. This is also an interesting part that we specify which source files the particular tests covers more or less so that we can avoid running it when there is a patch that doesn't touch those files and that's why we can kind of contain the runtime at least a little bit, make it shorter when we don't need it and this allows us to kind of describe when to run them for which code. Architectures, the test will run on and which trees it belongs to but there are no components here because this is old and there could be like multiple cases of this RIP I wanted to run it with this file system or with that file system, for example a file system test or additional parameters. And in walking the K-pad to normally people don't invoke it by hand but it runs in the pipeline so you can say like, okay, generate me the XML for this run, for this kernel turbo for the upstream tree, AR64 with this patch and highlight the output and it would look something like this and it goes on and on and on and I'm not going to bore you with those details these are, this is the input to Beaker and saying how to run it and where to run it and in which order. So going to Beaker, it's a big system which maintains inventory for the hardware including down to the components lets you match that hardware has access control like particular groups have access to this hardware, those to this hardware and for example some NDA hardware could be there and protect it. It also does the provisioning and puts up the machines, installs the operating system from scratch using an account normally because we don't support running from images because that's hard to do and we are distribution so we have to test the whole distribution from install. So it installs everything, it talks to the test harness, extracts test results and things like that and looks after the machine so that if it does lock up it then it releases the machine and erases everything. So it could be like the system inventory we can find of those machines like these are not very useful right now this is a tenium, we still have those. You can go into the machine and take a look at the details like this is just one tab about the host information there's the CPU info, storage, peripherals, things like that and this is an example of some of our jobs running for stable repository of the Linux kernel. This one job is just for one architecture and it has four hosts and here's an example of one host and executing those tests.  Further on, now we're approaching the user-visible stuff so we have a reporter which watches over the pipelines and checks which stage they're on which job they're approaching and sends the email reports to developers or whoever's interested and sometimes it can send an early email saying like okay have we started this test and like watch out or we did the testing or something failed in the pipeline. So there's an example of a successful report that was sent to a stable mail list. Here's the, it starts with the saying like we took this repo, we took this commit and there's the summary everything went fine and we were actually compiled and used those comments. And then we run them on these hosts like these architectures, they are 64, first host, second host, PPC 64, two hosts, X86, X86 got more hosts, four hosts. And we also have a notion of waved tests. A test which you mark in that KPEB DB and saying this test is waved which means run this test as normal maybe at the end of the run but ignore the result and don't take it into account when giving a verdict whether it failed or not we say we ignore it and we use this to test the tests which were just introduced into the system or were being fixed so that we can track like how are they performing like they doing okay and the test maintainer can look after it until it stabilizes then we remove the waved status. And this is done manually because tests are different you have to look after them. And that's an example of report that we send upstream. Our internal reports are a little more elaborate you get to see actually links to the bigger results and explore the logs and everything but those tests actually have, yeah, yeah artifacts and there's a blue link there this contain the binary config files and logs, things like that. So, and then finally, then finally we have the data warehouse it's a system which uses PostgreSQL and collects all the information about our run so also similar to reporter and it's kind of the application of the effort at this moment but we are working on that. So it watches over all the jobs and collects the information like how it went and what's the status and much tests run and there is a web UI which looks something like this and provides statistics how much we failed, how much we succeeded as pipelines and various statuses this has been pulled like from GitLab using the GitLab API and there's a particular pipeline and listing all the tests and all the hosts and you can go and see the results in Beaker how it went and we maintain the test statistics, how tests were failing or passing for example, for exactly for the purposes of deciding like when to waive the test if it's been doing bad and then send it back to the maintainer and say like okay deal with it or we can actually take it out of wave state if it's doing okay and same for hosts like if some hosts are misbehaving in Beaker and that's a problem because there are just so then many hosts that they break and you have to watch out and the host maintainer like whoever maintains that host there they don't have time to look after it so we look at those and we say like okay this host should be excluded from the runs and we add like don't run on that host. So finally the title of this talk, no not yet this actually concerns Guillaume's talk so there is this thing, you've probably seen it at the last slide is the KernelCI.org and there are lots of tests and they were recently approved as accepted as a links foundation project to advance the state of KernelCI and we joined that effort and right now we're working on a database and the system used to aggregate testing information from various CI systems so that at the ultimate goal so that there is a single place to go and check KernelCI results from whoever runs those tests and so that the developers get on a single email with those results and not just five emails from everyone. Right now this is mostly the KernelCI folks and us but others are joining hopefully soon we start aggregating more data but we already have a tool. Well you can take a look like how this looks I don't know if Guillaume showed this but this is an example of how test reports like a top level could look there. So we took a Google BigQuery system for storing those results so they are more readily publicly available and so that people can go and explore the data and see how Kernel is doing and do research if they need to. So this is our repo with the code for that and it looks something like this when it's pushing and it's the data and we are working on a dashboard to show this off and to provide the developers. This is very rudimentary at the moment. Finally the interesting part I took a little while so we store our CI pipeline inside YAML but we store it in separate repos because of the way we trigger those. So to trigger GitLab we're actually doing commits to the repo and I'll show that in a moment. So basically these are two repos and the repo on the left is only including pieces from the other repo and this lets us to let the triggers do commits with the information about what we want to test inside that repo and we need two repos so that these commits don't interfere with the development commits we have. So because there's like every time you want to test something there is a new commit and that's an empty commit and it doesn't have any data in it so we use it just to identify the particular pipeline and GitLab view. So for example the baseline trigger like the Git repo trigger comes in and does and sees that there are two changes in the like in one repo and another and does commits to separate branches in that repo. This trigger actually is retired now but it was quite kind of interesting. So it also does and checks and finds something and does the commit. There's the trigger that finds patches and does commit in that the same branch and finally the GitHub board comes and finds like okay, there is a new merge request and I put it in all the branches that we're interested in testing. And it might look like this for example, the stable branch has those commits all with the pipelines running and this branch has its own commits here and the commits can look like this. So there is data there but it's not for GitLab's consumption only for us as debugging like this says all the variables that we put in there all the descriptions like what we are triggering on things like that is this one is huge and this one is big as well, it's abbreviated. So we use a lot of GitLab extends property which lets us separate the general pipeline into the pipeline into the menu of jobs and stages and into three specific information like our pipeline specific information. This is our shortest pipeline and it says okay, pick those four stages from the pipeline and we have 10 maybe or more. And this says okay, sorry, pick this prepare step where we download all the stuff for the execution all the dependencies and this says like this is the prepare and this is stage prepare and this one we say okay again, pick this create repo x8664 and extend it and this is one of those same okay take this repo take this template of the job and a bunch of variables and conditions and create a particular job for this specific pipeline here. And this time we are using the merge keys to merge those. So we're using extend here extends here because it's a separate YAML file so we cannot use merge keys and we use merge keys here it's the same big one big as YAML file there and this is would be a create repo creating a RPM repository with build results for testing which are then installed in Beaker. The next stage is composed a little differently so we have a huge script which is split into a few YAML objects and finally the last stage looks similar to that and so on. So we have pipelines which are much longer than that. And more involved. So why we took GitLab? Well, we started out with Jenkins. So we had a Python script controlling Jenkins which had a Joe Britton Groovy which controlled another Python script which checked out the kernel and build it and then fed it off to Beaker. So that was not very reliable, hard to debug hard to understand, hard to maintain as a contrast with GitLab we had relatively straightforward system. We could keep everything in the Git repo and keep changing it faster and well, it's more reliable than Jenkins for us. And I hope Michael is able to say something. We have 10 minutes left. Okay. Now you will hear me complaining about GitLab. So, yeah, there we go, okay. So I don't know how many people used GitLab here. And how many people have used GitHub? Yeah. So it's very familiar system. So it's nicely documented. It has a huge API surface. People are familiar with it. So if I say GitLab, people actually know what I'm talking about. I mentioned some other CI technology then people look at me like this.  Hopefully there's nobody from Jenkins here. Sorry. But then we are actually testing kernel. So that's quite similar to other software to test in some aspects, but further aspects especially like testing. There are some interesting issues that you will see there. So one is that actually GitLab, most of these general CI systems don't have any concept of a failed pipeline because of infrastructure issues. So if you look into what distributions do for gating, most of those actually have a test failed thing, maintain or fix it.  And then it's actually for somebody else to fix. Now, most of you might know that kernel maintainers don't react too well if you email them without any good reasons or if you email the Linux kernel list with infrastructure issues, they get pissed quite easily. So we really want to avoid that and that is not very easy. So you actually need to put stuff around GitLab to make that happen. On the slide on the left, you see what the test system actually gives you, which is Beaker in our case. And then there's this one missing. So a panic code in Beaker is actually the hardware messed up, the kernel didn't boot, but for whatever reason or distribution didn't boot, or there was some power surge or whatever, or actually we messed up or our general infrastructure or had the networking issues, stuff like that. And that's not in the system. Might never get in there because it's not something that you would normally have for your average. Just to add a little bit about that. Yeah, sorry. So one consequence of that is that GitLab. Oh, that's a camera right there. Yeah, okay, sorry. Ah, this is the line, sorry. So the thing is, GitLab has infrastructure issues. GitLab, GitLab CI has infrastructure issues and you can select, okay, you can just start on this failure, on this failure, on this failure. But it actually doesn't matter to me which failure GitLab restarts on because it's GitLab's thing. It can fail in various things, but it doesn't allow me to tell like, okay, restart on this issue or on this issue. I can only say test passed or failed. And that probably comes from where GitLab is intended to be used in. It's like a test run and nothing can happen. It's just running tests on simple software. But for us, if you remember that job, like just one infrastructure, four hosts for one architecture and there are like two, three, four architectures more than that. And what GitLab does is they just kill us. Yeah, and that stays there. And that's a separate slide. I'm confusing the issues, but basically we cannot settle GitLab. Okay, we had an infrastructure issue. Can you restart? That's a big deal for us. So, I mean, they're more interesting things. We actually, that's from the beginning of January. We are producing 30 gigabytes of artifacts a day like kiln builds, opm builds, all kinds of stuff. And if you use a shared GitLab infrastructure, shared GitLab instance like gitlab.com or whatever have you in Reddit, we have a couple of those. People might not have the storage available. So you would want to store it outside. Like in S3, if you build in the cloud, you want to keep it there. You don't want to incur the transfer costs moving it in and out, which is not possible at the moment in GitLab. So you can configure it per instance, but not per project. And it all goes on like these things. So there are certain things where it doesn't really match very well with kernel testing. And you try to work around it. It's possible, but it gets more ugly. So you can take a look at the code, it's on GitLab. Don't blame us for however we did it. It's really hard to upgrade because if you have like a pipeline's running for a day, if you do an upgrade to GitLab, one of the stop-to-accept jobs, so then you don't get any builds, any tests for a day, you can work around it, upgrade different runners at different times, stuff like that. What else do you have? Let me just skip down. Oh yeah, that's an interesting one. Most test systems don't expect the test to reboot. So I don't know why, but kernel tests actually reboot a couple of times. It's like, it's something that that kernel developers think is useful. And so if you need to boot into your kernel, but then you might also restart a couple of times in there. So you can't really have your tests harness like the GitLab part have itself restarted. So you need to have another indirection, just start another VM or have the GitLab part outside of your testing system. In this case, beaker, but otherwise you could just put it inside of your hardware lab, which you can't do at the moment. Yeah, maybe we stop here and take some questions. Otherwise I'd just complain about other bugs. How much time do you remain in this set? Now that the questions were, so the question is how much time do you actually gain from having CI? And I think depending on who you ask, there might be a different answer. So developers might most likely say like it doesn't help us at all in the beginning, especially now, where you might actually get infrastructure issues giving you false positives. But I think we find a couple of issues a week. We're actually four maybe. Four a week, where kernel developers were really sure that they got it right, but they didn't. And that could be patches posted to the mail list or it could be something merged into stable, for example, in the stable Linux. The ultimate goal is actually to free resources inside of RHEL because upstream patches poke. So we want to provide feedback outside of it that never actually goes through the whole pipeline. Now we'll only find out about it when it's already merged and built into an OPM. The ultimate goal is to have work done upstream, which you most likely said. Okay. So you mentioned you were running Jenkins before? We just wrote everything and then switched. Yeah, the question was how painful the migration was? Like we took some of the tools that Jenkins was using and we used them in the new pipeline, but we wrote the everything that was in Jenkins there because you can't really run that in GitLab. So we had to rewrite the big part and we had to rewrite the triggers and things like that. We replaced the separate tool which was controlled in Jenkins with those little triggers that I showed you. Any more questions? Yes? Most some of them, like I think. The question was, is GitLab working on those issues? So there is an issue that particularly pisses me off is that GitLab simply kills the runners. Yeah, this one.  So for us, it's a runner that's controlling that bigger resources like this, I don't know, 10 hosts that are running those tests for hours and we just forget about them because of that. Like GitLab just forgets like, ah, whatever. And that host is occupied for these hours so we cannot clean up. And this bug was open for years, I think. And they're promising they will fix it soon, so I hope they will. There's somebody hoping that. Okay, our time is up, so catch us in the corridor. Thank you.


In my previous examples on projectile motion, I have told you that the range and the trajectory equation is not that important that you can solve most problems by just looking at what's happening in x direction as a function of time and in y direction as a function of time and then you can use time to go from one to the other. In case you ever need the range equation, let's have a look how we develop it and also let's have a look how we develop the trajectory equation. First let's look at the trajectory equation. What is the trajectory equation? The trajectory equation is simply the position in y as a function of x. In order to get it, it's quite simple. We solve the x equation for time and then we plug it into the y equation and then we have eliminated time as a variable. In the example here, we're going to be assuming that x initial is zero and y initial is zero assuming that we're starting from ground going back to ground. So let's see how this looks like. So I've found my time and I'm going to plug it in here and here we want cancels v1. So I can rewrite this as y as a function of x is sine over cosine is 10 so 10 alpha times x minus gx squared over 2v initial squared times cosine squared alpha and this is my trajectory equation. Now the next step is figuring out the range equation. The range being if I throw it from ground to ground, how far did the project fly? In order to do the range equation, I can use the trajectory equation I just got. All I have to do is after I have to plug in the refinal as zero. So zero is equal to 10 alpha times my x minus gx squared over 2v initial squared times cosine squared alpha. Now you see that I have the term x squared. If I'm starting from ground and going back to ground I can actually divide by x. This is something that every mathematician will tell you should never ever do divide by x because x could be zero. In this case let's do it anyway because we know that x equals zero is our initial position. So we know that we're not losing that equation x1 equals zero was one of the solutions we're interested in the other one. So if I divide by x this gets already quite simpler and now all I have to do is solve this for x.  Now first of all 10 can be rewritten as sine over cosine. So sine over cosine times 2 times v initial squared times cosine square alpha. Why did I just do that?  So I can rewrite my range equation in the end as v initial squared times sine of 2 theta over g. Note that in both cases you're not going to be plugging in minus 9.8 for g but only 9.8 where we took care of the sine in the step up here. So only put in the value of 9.8 or 10 if you're allowed to round a bit into the trajectory and the range equation. Also please note that these two equations only apply if you start from ground and you're flying back to ground. If you have any other motion you start at some initial height you have to reproduce them based on the equations as a function of time.


My fellow Americans, last June, the 19th of June to be exact, a well-known TV network producer was the commencement speaker at the high school where he himself had graduated on that same day, June 19th, 43 years ago. In speaking to this year's graduates, he pointed out some things that should be of concern to them regarding the state of the world. They were items taken from the front page of a June 19th issue of the New York Times, their graduation day. He said, in Washington, the administration is asking for more money not to fight cancer or educate young people, but more money to build some of the most destructive weapons the world has ever seen. Not very reassuring for a high school graduate hoping to live to an old age. Not very reassuring either to have a president who's called a warmonger. He went on to say, in Latin America, the Times tells us the United States is prepared to go to war to keep unfriendly powers out of this hemisphere. If push comes to shove, a young high school graduate could end up fighting there. In Europe, he told them, a people not much different from you is being crushed in what the Times reports is being called an uncompromising and unrelenting fashion. And in Detroit, the Japanese threat, among other things, is forcing the Ford Motor Company out of the car business. He pointed out that it didn't seem like much of a world to look forward to, but there it was on page one, graduation day, June 19th. Yes, his graduation day, June 19th, 1940. And as he went on to say, we're all still here, although he wouldn't have bet on it back in 1940. The president being called a warmonger was Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who kept increasing the defense budget. The Japanese threat was military, not economic, and Ford was going into the fighter plane business. And oh yes, the European country that was being crushed was France, not Poland. Well, here it is, 43 years later, and as he told that class of 83, a good case can be made that the world is better, not worse. And the class of 1940 had something to do with that. Just as the class of 83 can have a hand in making things better for graduating classes yet to be, even a class 43 years from now. Young Americans are already doing their share to build a better world. Today, our servicemen are participating in multinational peacekeeping forces in Lebanon and the Sinai Peninsula. In the agreement between Lebanon and Israel, Israel agreed to withdraw its military forces totally. The responsibility now rests on others to negotiate in good faith on their own arrangements for withdrawal. Until this happens, Lebanon will remain a potential trouble spot. But our current efforts in Lebanon are only a small part of our search for peace in the Middle East, including a compassionate, fair, and practical resolution to the Palestinian problem. The Middle East peace initiative, which we announced almost a year ago, is definitely alive and available to those parties willing to sit down together and talk peace. We remain committed to the positions we set forth, and we stand ready to pursue them in the context of the Camp David Accords. Those positions are in the best long-term interests of all parties. Most importantly, they are the only realistic basis for a solution that has thus far been presented. The United States continues to support UN Security Council resolutions 338 and 242. The establishment of new Israeli settlements in the occupied territories is an obstacle to peace, and we're concerned over the negative effect that this activity has on Arab confidence in Israel's willingness to return territory in exchange for security and a freely and fairly negotiated peace treaty. The future of these settlements can only be dealt with through direct negotiations between the parties to the conflict. The sooner these negotiations begin, the greater the chance for a solution. This administration, like those before it, is firmly committed to the security of the State of Israel. We'll help Israel defend itself against external aggression, at the same time the United States believes, as it has always believed, that permanent security for the people of Israel and all the peoples of the region can only come with the achievement of a just and lasting peace, not by sole reliance on increasingly expensive military forces. Unfortunately, the opportunities afforded by our initiative have yet to be grasped by the parties involved. We know the issues are complex, the risks for all concerned high, and much courageous statesmanship will be required. Nevertheless, those complex issues can be resolved by creative and persistent diplomacy. Those risks can be overcome by people who want to end this bitter and tragic conflict. And in the process, the United States will be a full partner doing everything we can to help create a just and lasting peace. Until next week, thanks for listening and God bless you.


Hey everyone! Happy Chinese New Year and we're here with another edition of the Big Dipper Inn with truth-seeking starting off with EZ and let's see my lineup. Okay guys to be honest, I don't see these stages to be difficult. I'm not sure if you guys already finished the stages but I don't see any problem clearing this or these stages within 20 seconds. So hope that this guide just reinforces how easy the clears are. So I'll move on to the next one. Okay next up is going to be hard and let's see what I got. Okay so I don't think you'll have a problem with clearing this one as well. So hopefully you guys had an easy time clearing this within 15 seconds. So that make of a margin. So as you can see cleared within 16. There you go guys. Next up. Okay last up is going to be torment and let's see what I got. Okay so this one would be the same. I don't think you'll have a problem with clearing this one within 20 seconds. So 5 need to survive. A little bit more firepower here. Only one with healing. I didn't bring Erixia because I didn't think that we need her. So I think the healings is going to be enough for the stage. And there's a little bit of lag. Okay so anyway guys that is it. Thank you very much for staying this far. Take care, stay safe, this is the warden and I'm out of here.


Welcome back to the 21th Convention 2019 of Warsaw, Poland. Our next speaker is a returning speaker to the 21th Convention stage, this being his third time here now in Warsaw, Poland. Over 55 million women from around the world love this man for teaching them how to be beautiful. Without further ado, please only welcome to the stage the panty-dropping Chad Jesus Master of Disaster, Alexander I, Antonio Cortez! Alright gentlemen, let me give my thanks to Anthony first off for creating this whole event, creating this whole continuum. So the man's beer is in something, I'm just going to launch into this, the man's beer is in some of the little estate right now.  I think at this stage of the game, you men that are here, you're very self-aware, you have some sense of how society has arrived into the place that it's in. So what I want to focus on and sort of broaden is when we talk about using red pill, we talk about essentially trying to be a man that succeeds in the world, what are we really aiming for and how do we establish ourselves in a relationship with reality itself. So I call that the ascendant man. Man is always going to be something that is aspirational, we're always trying to improve ourselves, we're always trying to be better. Now we're at a state currently where, oh it's like half a face, so we have to deal with this kind of guy on a daily basis and this is kind of the state of Western man, which is basically just a defective faggot, you know, to be very applicable and correct. This is what we're dealing with, this is almost like the enemy, but this is basically your standard Western man and he's masculine, he's neutered, everyone hates him, but he's useful because he's a cog in the machine.  This is the state of modern Western woman, which you'll ride the cock carousel 10,000 times, there is no sense of shame, there is no sense of dignity, there's no really sense of self-respect, everything goes because everything's equal. This is a bell curve and I bring this out because despite everything that's happened, human behavior still falls on a scale. It's very common in the male space where because of the over-emphasis I think on hypergamy, the over-emphasis on sort of the evils of human beings, we get into the state of all women are whores, we're all going to get screwed over because that's how it works. The reality is that human beings, our behavior always falls on the spectrum.  Historically a women pushed more this way, now it's very spread out, so you need to have a sense of awareness about you when you're navigating the sexual marketplace as to what are you getting yourself into. You don't want to make a bad decision. Technology has had this effect of diluting both masculine and femininity. This is by H.R. Geyser, sort of a techno-modern art. We're all fed into the hypercapilized machine at this point.  How do you break out of that? You can step back from it, but you're not gonna go start a new civilization on your own, but it's gonna be aware of it. This is the molecule testosterone. The testosterone levels have plummeted somewhere around 30, 40% for Western man the last 40 years. Why? Environmental estrogens, obesity, lack of exercise, I think birth control compounded over second third order effects has had an effect, maybe not. Solar radiation has dropped the last few years. Solar radiation goes in a cycle. When there's more solar radiation basically from the sun, testosterone levels go up. When there's less, it goes down. So we're all affected by all these things. What can we do? We can't tend to our health, but we can only do so much relative to ourselves. Man has two things he needs to be able to do. These are your two basic things. Biological necessity. You need to be able to protect yourself. Flat out, if you don't protect yourself, you're dead. Game's over. Every man that's born on this earth from five million BC till now, you need to be able to protect yourself. And Donovan's, his tactical virtues will derive from that. If you can protect yourself, you can provide for yourself because you have a means to act upon the world. You have strength, you have force. This is the primordial battle. This is a great movie, great, or red pill movie. I don't want to call it that. What's it called? Into the Gray. But yeah, the gray, thank you. But this is Liam Neeson. And he's fighting against nature. He's fighting against nature and nature wins. And that's the fun mill battle.  Women love men who are violent. Women love men who can fight against nature because that makes things safe. That makes things safe. That provides security. Women will always have violent men. If you want to hack right now for the whole presentation as to how to be better with women to just be a better man, go learn violence. Go learn how to shoot, go learn how to fight, go get hit in the face, and feel, have that sense that you are dangerous. That will automatically upgrade your life at every level. Just do that. I could say nothing else but that. But do that. We all look up to this man because this man, he is warring against nature. He's warring against man. He might be in a battle against himself. And this is sort of the classical hierarchy, as I call it, of man's conflicts. We start off in nature, we conquer nature. Then it's man against man. And we start killing each other. And then we sort of get man against himself.  We get a level of extrapolation. We get the Greeks. We get the Romans.  You get all these philosophies where people start thinking about the world and what it means. But we can't think, we can't have these higher virtues unless we are stable, safe first. And then where we are today is that we're at man versus woman, or woman versus man, where because we're in a hypercapitalized, techno-corporate world where everybody works and everybody gets taxed and everybody has skin in the game, everybody competes with each other. So there's no longer the conventional, classical, natural separation between man and between woman, everyone's just thrown to the pit together. The way of men. And I just wanted to give credit for Donovan for helping me think about the stuff a few years ago. For all of you guys who have not read his books, he goes into that much more than myself. Your grandfather and your ancestors didn't need red pill. So this has been an argument that's scrolled around, you know, myself. Is Ajak red pill, is he not red pill? I base my beliefs on reality. Red pill, foundationally, fundamentally, is based upon reality. We have men that exist in states of delusion, they break out of that delusion, they realize that their prior beliefs were painful.  So it's a top down effect. And not all of it's lindy in the sense that it's all proven out. Historically, red pill was just called reality. And in violent, natural, conservative, traditional, whatever you want to call it cultures, women expect men to act like men. The Polish women here expect the men to act like men more or less. If you go to Romania, you expect them to act like men. You go to anywhere in Eastern Europe, men act like men. You go to South America, you go to Mexico, men act like men. It's a given. You don't need to tell a guy, hey, a woman expects you to lead. They want to do that already and the woman, she's gonna make you do that.  But we live in Western world and things are confused. We don't have that kind of intersexual cooperation. We have competition. Now this is one of the aspirations a lot of guys aspire to and rightly so.  We have, you know, hypergamy.  They're violent. There, that's hypergamy and not chill.   Excuse me.  That's great. Now here's the thing though.  Like you were at the very top of the pyramid. Very few men historically had this.  In ancient China, Genghis Khan, he had all these concubines. That's a very historical thing in India, in Japan, all these countries. How did they protect their harems?  They had eunuchs.  And like those guys, those ballless men were responsible for making sure the women didn't get fucked by other men.   Men that do that don't actually produce anything past a certain point. We have sex, we're driven by sex. Yes, we're also driven by the means to produce. We're also driven by the desire to protect. We're also driven by the desire to be amongst other men, have camaraderie.   So we have these instincts and it's all part of our biology. And it's not just this. This is an aspect of it, but it's not the whole thing. We also have this instinct, which is called pair bonding, which I use the term dyotic. A dyad is two people that cooperate and get along. Men like to have friends. We all want a bro, we want a best friend. Men like to bond with women.  And we can't get away from that. This is from India, and I forget the couple's names, but basically the builder of Atash Mahal, he was the emperor of India, he had three wives. He had one that he had 14 women, 14 children with, which was this woman.  And then he built that for her when she died.  This guy was literally the richest man in the world with the biggest army in the world, and his crowning achievement was the thing that he built for his dead wife.  We have to take a step back from this material sometimes that de-emphasizes romance. People like to be romantic because love makes things good. You can't have love in the world if things are shitty. When we go out and we kill, we create, we create stability, we have a village, we produce all these things. We do so so we can enjoy ourselves. We have Bible, song of Solomon. This is basically just a whole thing on how to love a woman, how a woman should love a man. So being pair bonded, that's a very ancient idea. Men are both things. We can be pair bonded, we can have it harem, we can have something in between. We have a whole spectrum of being that is available to us. So you get to pick and choose what you want to be. You have that destiny and it's in your hands. This is a village. This takes work to build obviously.  This is the historical model that is bottoms up where for most of human history in most places this is what works best. Now we have screwed this up in a lot of ways but everyone kind of wishes to get back from this, or back to this. I said yesterday or a few days ago, the American dream now, the American dream now is not have to participate in the American dream. That's the dream now.   That's the dream now. That was reality then. Now it's sort of an ideal, which again goes to show you how far we've gone sideways of our being. So you know, beyond red pill. This is the fundamental stuff that I think it's sort of overlooked or just over complicated. Men no longer understand women because men no longer understand themselves. Men that act like, men that are violent, that lead, that are strong, that don't compromise, that push back, that create tension, they don't struggle with women too much. They'll have, yeah, maybe let's look at cheat on because whatever, maybe look into arguments. But when I think of someone like my father, my father's family, especially his backside, they all love women and they had a great relationship their whole life because they acted like men, they were men.  Yeah, this is why, again, the thing with the hypergamy. Why is that shocking? Why is that surprising? Why? Women want men who can compete.   Yeah, okay.  Yeah, so women love capable men. Violence be tight.  No, I'm playing on easy mode because I act like a man.  I have best friends of mine who are five-one and their wife is five-seven.  But you know what, they act like men.  Height is only a problem if you make it a problem. So that's an excuse that guys like to use. Women rely on men to make life good. Traditionally that requires, again, violence. This is where we get into the nature of women and nature of men. Violence is explicit. It's seen, it's witnessed, it's visceral, you can feel it, it's painful, it takes things apart. Men fight and women watch men fight. Women watch you all the time. Men are explicit, we explain things, we want to use words, we want to be logical. Women are implicit.  Yeah, why is that?