Welcome. To the day that Nick Anderson and Shaquille O'Neal started talking a little bit too much to MJ, and this is the story on what happened and how it went horribly wrong. If you are new around here we are doing 23 Michael Jordan videos in 23 days. This is the 23 part collection on Michael Jordan. If you are enjoying the videos I'd really appreciate if you could hit that like button. Let's aim for 5000 likes for the next video tomorrow, subscribe if you are new for more MJ videos in December and hit that notification so you are up to date when a new video releases. There's also a playlist link on the top right of your screen that you can click on and in the description box down below that has all the MJ videos that we've done so far. And all the footage used in this video is on the screen right now and in the description if you want to watch them in their entirities, but without further ado, welcome to the new video. On the day that Shaquille O'Neal and Nick Anderson started talking to MJ and it went horribly wrong. You're saying some players talking trash not only didn't work, it made it worse. Anybody that you kind of avoided talking smack to because if you did, it was going to back fire almost every time, MJ. Michael Jordan, you don't want to mess with God, you got to stay away from Mike, leave that man alone. Jordan says his mantra was consistent, put a foot on the neck and keep it there. We didn't believe in helping players up. It was, he was certain, a sign weakness. January 16, 1993, still your rookie year.  Michael Jordan's going off. Jordan baseline got it. Backs in, Fakes moves to the middle, fades and hits. Jordan will fire from there and he may be on tonight. Comes in to post up. Michael turn around baseline. Wow. And Jordan has got scowls. Once everybody out of the way wants to go one-on-one with him, Anderson over to help out. Michael right baseline. Jordan pops out right wing. Now fires after the dribble and hits again. His teammates on the left. Yeah, to Michael. Jordan's got it one-on-one right side. Three seconds. There he goes. Now wants to go to work on Purdue. Michael tries to take it back for the Bulls and gets it back. Jordan top of the circle. Got an open three. It's up short. Got his own rebound. On the baseline, put it up again. Michael looking to go one-on-one or looking for the move. He'll go one-on-one and hit. MJ posting up now on Boo. Backs in. In the lane, hits again. Now's are trying to get Michael inside. Turn around, jumps out. One against Pippen. Kicked it. Right to O'Neill. Look. Oh, look at him go right over everything. He gets it to Grant. Back to Jordan. Open right wing. Team goes. Back to team. He creates the shots. Here it is. Okay. Has it on the baseline against Royal. Put it up. It can happen here. Shot clock at six at five. Michael in the lane. He can make it happen. Looks inside for Jordan. Michael. Quick turn around. Got it inside. He didn't miss many in there. Horton right side. Off the screen. MJ. And it's a one-point game. Go. That's good. Three, three point four seconds remain. Michael's got 64 now. He ended up with 64 points. What is the team talking about? What do you remember about it? Before the game, I was terrified. First time I played it, I was terrified. I was terrified out there. Were you really? Yeah. You just got a MJ? Yeah. For how long? Right when you took the floor? Oh, the whole game. You know, first time I seen Jordan and he got the respect from the referees and how when he touched the ball and made a shot, the crowd went crazy. I want that. Was he nice to you? That's your idol? No, it's just Jordan. That's what it was. But to relieve pressure on that, I ain't got a garden. It's all my work. So when he first came and did a little stutter move and he shot a shot, I was right there. So now I was like, uh-oh. Ha-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha. Like, because I was like, he's a god. But I'm like, I'm close to the god. So after I got almost blocked the shot, all that went away. Thank you when I did. Yes. Second thing I said, I can't let him dunk on me. That's not going to happen. One, he's a great player. Two, I was worried about him dunking on me and I have to go back and, you know, face the fellas. And then three, he was just so hot. I was like, man, this dude. Like, in high school cars, I never got dunked on. And I was like, this dude could probably dunk on me right now in the back, man. I do you want some offices? I don't know if I ever told anyone this. I'm playing against Shaq. Shaq the biggest first time I've ever seen him play. You know, in terms of physicality.  So I was somewhat intimidated. So I didn't really know how to play against him. You know, do I go right at him? Do I stop? I pull up. Blah, blah, blah. So next time he came through, I had to lay him out. I went right at him and he just knocked me straight to the floor. I laid him out. I was like, you know, dunk him again. He was like, ah. But when I laid him out, I laid him out. I went to help him up. And then he reached down to pick me up. And I said, yeah, my bad dog. He was like. I said, no. Don't ever help nobody up. That's what he said. But why do you think he told you not to give him the hand up? Because he knew I was a bad guy. He knew I was coming.  You show him respect by showing them none. You don't respect by showing them none. Showing them none. But I showed him too much respect. He didn't mean it. He's a nice guy. He's not that. I mean, if you'd have left and stepped over me, you know, out of the old school, old, old. I would have been somewhat intimidated. But his heart is too good. You know, he's not that type of guy. And it took away some of the intimidation. You knew you had him. I did. I did. So like he taught me a lot. So Jordan. So I've only, I can proudly say I've only been dunked on three times in 20 years. Three times. Michael Jordan like that. I don't know if it's a person, but he got me. Talking trash to Michael Jordan, even if he's talking trash to you, is a losing proposition. Yeah. You in a no-win situation. And Horace Grant told that story on the documentary. I don't know if for the people who miss what we're talking about, Michael Jordan came back as number 45. When he came back and scored 55 in the garden, I'm thinking, oh man, it's going to be crazy if we meet them in the playoffs. And we're set for game one of the Eastern Conference semifinal series between the Bulls and the Magic. I felt great about that year. And I knew Michael, he was still working himself back into condition. All the world's a stage when your name is Michael Jordan. So the spotlight that shines brightly on your triumphs also burns intensely on your mistakes. On Sunday in Orlando, Jordan had more than a bit partner in the closing scene in game one, fourth quarter. Bulls up 91-90, 22 seconds to go. But in this game, he's got the 4-5 on. I went back and watched that last meal. Man, that place looked electric. That place looked packed. Semifinals. Yeah, semifinals the last second of the game. It was electrifying. I still remember that play like I did yesterday. The ball was inbounded under our basket, their bench. And they threw it into him. And I swiped at the ball the first time when he was inbound. And he got around me. And when he got around me, he was dribbling up the right hand side of the court. But he looked over his left shoulder, thinking I was coming up on that side. But I was on the other side of him. And I got a chance to, with the left hand, reach in and knock the ball forward. And when I hit the ball, it went directly to Penny Hardaway. Penny Hardaway got it on fast break. Horace Grant was running the right lane. Tony Kukoch had got back. But Penny already had delivered the pass to Horace. And Horace ran the ball for two. When Michael came back from playing baseball, and Nick Anderson stole his rocker, the reason I stood out, you hadn't seen anybody take Michael's rocker a long time. He came back during the season, the season that I already started. And he had to shake the rust off. And crunch time gives up. The steal throws the ball away. You steal the ball. The magic win. Legend has it that you said 45 ain't 23. It's called 45 to go back to number 23. Let me tell you how it went down. Let me tell you how it went down. This is what's reported. That's what's reported. That's what's reported. What's reported is that... After they came, Nick Anderson said... Oh, Nick Anderson said... 45 isn't 23. And I just simply just ask him a question. 45 is nowhere near 23. That's pretty pointed. Hey, and you just got him, so... 23 is off the charts. You know that. And I wasn't saying it in a disrespectful way. I'm just saying 23, you can't compare 45 to 23. 23 will always be the man. Jordan is a step slower in the 4-5. Michael Jordan is superstitious. 45 is in Mothball's 23 is back. It just felt like 45 wasn't natural. I wanted to go back to a feeling I had with 23. After game one against the magic, Nick Anderson said number 23 used to soar like a space shuttle while number 45 revs up but isn't nearly as explosive. Maybe MJ was listening. Gone is 45. Back from the Raptors is 23. Is he better in 23? I think he is. We all know that he's better in 23. He knows it. But Lord behold, he comes back out the next night. It was portrayed in a different light. And so he retires the 4-5 that night. And he comes back game two with number 23 on and which with 23 was retired at the time because he had retired, right? And from my recollection, I think you need to get league's approval to wear the number. He didn't care. Whatever fine is coming out, I'll take the fine and game two is number 23. And puts up 38. He met them at the next game. I think he scored 36 or 38 or whatever the number was. He even said something about it when we stepped out on the court. Okay, what is that? I got on 23 tonight. Chicago Bulls pulled even with the Orlando Magic but does Jordan have the legs to last throughout the playoffs? He was not 100% of himself that year. He was 80-something percent of himself. And everybody's going to say, oh, he came back from baseball. But my thing is, if you step on that court and I know he has the same mentality, if you're on that court, that means you're ready to go. And obviously he's not in great shape. I've just been playing baseball for 21 months' shape. He's eating that time to get his legs underneath him and that was reflected in some of the postseason games that year. The Magic are one win away from eliminating Michael Jordan in the Bulls from the playoffs. There are a couple of things that are wrong with Chicago right now. Number one, they didn't have Michael for the course of the season. So while other players are in great shape and can go game in and game out, Michael has not been able to sustain the effort over the course of the game. Looking back, I didn't have enough time to get my body back to a basketball body. So I was a little nervous going to end of that playoff. As the both teeter on the brink of elimination, tonight the Magic will try to give him a little push. It is a one, Paul has reeled off seven straight. Time to take the lead. I don't remember seeing Michael Jordan this tired. This is unbelievable. Eight seconds on the shot clock. Let Anderson go against Kuko. She can take him to the basket.  It's all over and the Bulls season comes to an end. Here at the United Center in the Orlando. Michael's lowest points when they came back and they didn't win. He hated the fact that the horse was on the other team when they beat him. And just to watch all the celebrating that they were doing, I think that's what he took the heart. I take pride in saying I was the last one to beat Michael Jordan in the playing situation. And I know people are going to say, well, he wasn't ready when he came back in 45, but there's only one guy that sent him home in the playoffs. That's me. For that next year. If you know MJ, as I do very well, the only thing he was doing during the summer, having Orlando Magic on his mind, that's all. Did you know he was in trouble? Well, I kind of looked at, you know, the series is going to be tough. It's no question that you're going to see, you don't lose all that what he had. It's just a matter of time he was going to gain it back. You know, he had to get his legs on him. He had been away from the game for a while. But his mentality, that wasn't going to change. He had to shake off the rust and then whatever else there was, he had been through or were going through. And after he set that aside, we see the greatest player in the world again. Today, but this season, they were an all together different team. Now we can get a fair shake. Michael has been here. He's in basketball shape. We have Dennis now who can rebound. So let's get down for our crown. Let's make this thing happen from the beginning, babe. Let's go do it. What time is it? Game time! Woo! Well, this is the one that everybody's been waiting for. And you consider this to be the two best teams in the NBA.   Both ends of the court. Both ends of the floor. We didn't have a chance. The next year they came back and demolished us. You know, make sure we didn't win the game. But did Jordan give you grief? Did he talk junk to you? He told me what he was going to do in the game. He's like, I'm coming down. I'm going to throw up between my legs twice. I'm going to pump fake.  So I used to go, hey, look, man, don't say anything to him. Especially when he even came down and got on a little rhythm, hit three or four shots. Now you got him going. He's talking trash. And then you want to throw fuel on the fire to help him out. Don't say nothing to him. Don't talk trash to Michael Jordan. That was what you told other players on your team because they're going to get you in a mess. They're going to get me in a mess. He's the only man that had me terrified on the court. Because I went from high school, admiring him to college, admiring him.  Get this. You know, there's been multiple times. We are going over plays before the game. We played the Bulls. And we used to call MJ the black cat back then. OK. And what was that for? What was the black cat? Tough. OK. And on the board, the coach would say, well, when you talk about in the pregame, don't let the black cat go baseline. Anyway, make a long story short game, get ready to start. He said, I know y'all been talking about, don't let me go baseline. Jordan telling you about what you're planning. Yeah. I'm going baseline anyway. And here, Lord behold, he goes baseline. And all that you see is the bottom of them Nikes.   Mike, I was terrified. Much last year, just so much this year, I don't think we want to be remembered as a team we've got to sweat. How much better are there than any other team that you face this year? Jordan. Mike will get it. F-45 to 23. 23 will always be the man. Yeah, that has been a motivating thing for you for over a year now. Because of last year and the number changing, 45 didn't look like 23 and whatever. But we always disappointed last year. We came back to redeem myself as a unit. And I think we did that effectively. And I will honestly admit this. I've caught myself doing it several times. Sitting on the bench and he has been in the game and he goes baseline and he gets you one of those amazing dynamic, acrobatic moves with the tongue out, great finish. And sitting on the bench going, you knew you knew you was on sports. You about to be famous the wrong way. Michael Jordan told me out the days to help us. He put his hand on my shoulder and said, before you succeed, you must first learn to fail. Before you succeed, you must first learn to fail. And I didn't know what that meant. So all summer me and Alex riding around I'm pissed. Then I finally sat down and said, before you succeed, you must first learn to fail. And I thought about it. I was like, yeah. The things I was going through was the things he went through playing Detroit. All the greats go through it. I was ready, but I wasn't ready. They swept us in. But it also taught me a valuable lesson. If I ever get back to the finals again, I'm going to put on a performance that's so crazy that it's going to guarantee us a win. So I appreciate that because that means you're the sole catalyst in making Michael Jordan be who Michael Jordan is because you boosted the second half of that career with the words. So I appreciate that. I say this with all due respect because I would never disrespect any of my peers that I played against. That's not my style. In my opinion that I face, I can't speak for everybody else because everybody else may not feel the same way that I feel. Michael Jordan is the best basketball player I ever played against. Anybody ever be better than Jordan, in your opinion? No, not really. Is he the best player to play the game? Listen, Jordan was the greatest in my opinion. You see that I have on the Jordan tens too. I didn't notice that. Those were my shoes that I wore in my NBA career because of that man right there. Wow. Thank you.


Good evening aspirants, welcome to the Hindi News Analysis by Shankar IAS Academy for the date 30th July 2019. The list of articles that has been chosen for today's analysis has been provided here for your reference along with the page numbers of Chennai, Bengaluru, Delhi and Tiruvannandapura Medicines. The link for the handwritten notes has been provided in the description box below and also in the comments section. Let us move on to our first article analysis. This discussion is based on two articles which is about geographical indication tag. The areas under which the discussion can be linked to the syllabus has been given here for your reference. The news article states that the Kodekanal Malai Pundu or Kodekanal Hill Garlic has been granted the geographical indication tag that is the GI tag. The GI tag has been granted by the geographical indications registry. So now let us first understand what is this GI tag. Mankind has a desire for quality and genuine premium products such as silk, cotton and spices. These products have distinct characteristics and they originate from a particular region. These distinct characteristics were the identification and it became so important that those particular regions started specializing in producing these unique products. This led to identifying such goods as originating from a particular region and over a period of time those products became renowned or famous globally. So demand for such products started rising among the consumers. Now this demand gave rise for counterfeit or fake products. These fake products began to damage the image of genuine products. So the genuine products have to be protected by safeguarding the interests of the producers and also the consumers. So this protection led to the evolution and conceptualization of geographical indications. So the trade related aspects of intellectual property rights agreement that is the TRIPS agreement defines geographical indications as the indications which identify a good or product as originating in the territory of a country or a region or a locality in that territory where a given quality reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. So based on this importance of geographical origin India enacted the geographical indications of goods registration and protection act of 1999. This act came into force with effect from September 2003. The objective of the act is three fold. Firstly it is the specific law which governs the geographical indications of goods in the country which could adequately protect the interests of producers of such goods. Then secondly it excludes unauthorized persons from misusing geographical indications and to protect consumers from deception or duplication. And then thirdly to promote goods bearing Indian geographical indications in the export market. Now based on this act geographical indication means an indication which identifies such goods as agricultural goods, natural goods or manufactured goods as originating or manufactured in the territory of a country or a region or a locality in that territory. Then such goods should have the given quality reputation or other characteristic which is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. Then in case where such goods are manufactured goods then one of the activities of either the production or processing of that good or preparation of that good that is concerned should take place in that territory, region or locality. Here the goods not only include agricultural, natural or manufactured goods but also any goods of handicrafts or goods of industry and it also includes foodstuff. So what is the benefit of registration of geographical indications? Firstly it confers legal protection to geographical indications in India. Then it prevents unauthorized use of a registered geographical indication by others. Then it provides legal protection to Indian geographical indications which in turn boosts exports and finally it promotes economic prosperity of producers of goods produced in a geographical territory. Now also know that the registration of a geographical indication is valid for a period of 10 years only and after that it has to be renewed. Now some examples of Indian geographical indications include Basmati rice, Darjeeling tea, Kanjipuram silk saree, Nagpur orange, Kolapuri chappal, Bikaneri bhujia, Agra peta etc. Now in this list Kodekanal malai poondu or Kodekanal hill garlic has also been added. Now in this malai means hill and poondu means garlic that is why its English name is Kodekanal hill garlic. Now this is scientifically known as allium satayvam. This particular garlic is known for its medicinal and preservative properties. It has antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. Antioxidant means a substance that inhibits or prevents oxidation especially the one that is used to counteract the deterioration of stored food products. So antioxidant means it prevents the stored food products from deterioration. Then antimicrobial means that it is active against microbes. This antioxidant and antimicrobial potential is attributed to the presence of higher amount of organosulfur compounds, phenols and flavonoids as compared to other garlic varieties. Now this Kodekanal malai poondu is grown in the Kodekanal hills in the Jindikal district of Tamil Nadu. It is white or pale yellow in color and each garlic bulb is shaped like a raindrop and it weighs around 20 to 30 grams on an average. Now the hill attitude and the mystic conditions and the soil which is prevailing in the Kodekanal region are responsible for its medicinal property and the long storage shelf life of the garlic. Now if you see in India garlic is planted as both kharif and rabi crop and it totally depends on the regions like it is planted as a rabi crop in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, Bengal and other hilly regions. And it is planted as both kharif and rabi crop in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Like this the Kodekanal hill garlic is also planted as a rabi crop and as well as a kharif crop that is it is planted in September to October and also again in April to May. Now the cultivators of this garlic conventionally use this for maintaining their general health and also as medicines for their common ailments like gastric troubles, headaches, ear pain, asthma, tiredness, indigestion, body pain etc. Now this is with respect to the Kodekanal malai pondu or Kodekanal hill garlic. Now there is one another article with respect to GI tag. This GI tag is given to the Roshgulla of Odisha. Whether you pronounce it as Roshgulla or Rasgulla we know that it is a very popular dessert. This Odisha Roshgulla is a sweet from the state of Odisha which is made of Chenna that is cottage cheese that is cooked in a sugar syrup and we all know that it is very soft and very juicy and they say that it is also non chewy in consistency and it can be swallowed without teeth pressure. Now the specialty of this Odisha Roshgulla is the color development which is very specific. Without the addition of external color various intensely colored Roshgullas are prepared using the principle of caramelization of sugar with specific methods of preparation. Now this GI tag has been given to Odisha after a year long debate between West Bengal and Odisha over where the sweet had originated because we know that both the states are known for the sweet and they both claimed for the GI tag but in 2017 itself West Bengal secured the GI tag for its Bangla Roshgulla. So remember that two varieties of Roshgulla have been given GI tags one is from West Bengal and the other is from the state of Odisha. With this we have come to the end of this article analysis. The displayed practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the next news article discussion which is about All India Tiger Estimation of 2018. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this news article has been highlighted here for your reference. Yesterday that is 29th of July 2019 is remembered as International Tiger Day. On the International Tiger Day the Indian Prime Minister has released the results of the fourth cycle of All India Tiger Estimation. This fourth cycle is called as All India Tiger Estimation of 2018. This tiger estimation is also referred as Tiger Census. The news article mentions that this tiger estimation is a quadrennial census. Quad means four. So quadrennial census means the census is released once in four years. Now this fourth cycle of estimation was collected using an android based application called as M Stripes. M Stripes stands for Monitoring System for Tigers Intensive Protection and Ecological Status. The most important information about the result of the estimation of 2018 is that India now has almost 3000 Tigers. To be exact it is 2967 Tigers. But if you see in the front page image of newspaper it is mentioned as 2976 but the government website for project Tiger says 2967 only. So please correct this estimation. Now there is an increase of around 33 percent over the number of Tigers estimated by the All India Tiger Estimation of 2014. This increase of 36 percent is the highest recorded increase between the cycles. The number of Tigers mentioned in the Tiger Estimation of 2018 is more than 110 percent than the number of Tigers estimated by All India Tiger Estimation of 2006. So if you consider 2014 estimation now there is a 33 percent increase. But if we consider 2006 estimation it is 110 percent increase. Now according to the recent Tiger Estimation Madhya Pradesh has the highest number of Tigers which is followed by Karnataka and Uttarakhand. These three states have around 50 percent of the overall Tiger population of India. The news article mentions that among the Tiger reserves the Pench Tiger Reserve in the state of Madhya Pradesh has registered the highest number of Tigers. Now according to these status of Tigers in India 2018 which was published by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change the estimation was made by dividing the Tiger bearing landscapes into five major landscapes. They are Shivalli Gangetic Plains, Central India and Eastern Guards, then Western Guards and then North Eastern Hills and Brahmaputra Flood Plains and then finally Sundarbans. In these five landscapes the maximum number of Tigers are found in Central India and Eastern Guards and this is followed by Western Guards. Then these landscapes the least number of Tigers is found in Sundarbans. Now one of the newspaper articles mentions that Pench Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh is a well-managed Tiger Reserve in India. Now during the yesterday's release of all India Tiger population the Prime Minister has also released the report of fourth cycle of the management effectiveness evaluation of Tiger reserves. According to this report Pench Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh was the top performer with respect to the management of Tiger reserves. That is why the news article mentions Pench Tiger as a well-managed Tiger Reserve in India. Pench Tiger Reserve has scored the highest because of its management plans such as having the season-wise biodiversity plans, then having flying squads and carrying out tactical patrolling and this is for the purpose of managing security of Tigers and to prevent man-tiger conflict. Then there were regular meetings with local communities with respect to the Tiger conservation so that the local communities can act as protectors of Tigers. One another reason why the Pench Tiger Reserve authorities have been judged as a number one managers of Tiger Reserve is that they have utilized the funds collected from tourism for conservation purposes. Now let us see the Tiger Reserve that has seen the highest improvement since 2014. The highest improvement is seen in the Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve in the state of Thabiladu. It was awarded the highest increment in management since the last cycle. We will see what are the special measures that helped the Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve to back the award for the highest increment or the highest improvement in managing in the next article analysis. Now let us see the states where the population of Tiger has declined. These states are Chathisgarh and Mizoram. The population of Tiger has not seen much increase in the state of Odisha which means the population is almost stagnant or it is constant in this state. This is because the number of Tigers in Odisha in 2014 estimation was 28 and even in the latest estimation of 2018 it is 28 only. That is why we are saying the Tiger population is almost stagnant or constant. Then in all the other states the Tiger population has increased with respect to the 2014 estimation. With this we have come to the end of this article analysis. This news article is about the Tiger Reserve that has been awarded for the highest increment or improvement in the management of Tiger reserves. This Tiger Reserve is the Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve in the state of Thabiladu. The news article mentions that the Tiger Reserve has 28 villages inside the Tiger Reserve and more than 270 villages in the border of this reserve. So this makes the local communities in these villages to depend on the forest resources in the Tiger Reserve area. In some cases the dependency leads to the man-tiger conflict. So the authorities of the Tiger Reserve have to reduce the dependency of the local population on the forest resources particularly firewood. Therefore to reduce the dependency on the firewood the authorities implemented an initiative to provide LPG connections to all households in the forest dependent villages. This has made the villagers not to go into the reserve for the collection of firewood. The authorities have also involved the youths of the villages to act as anti-poaching watchers. This has protected the tigers from poaching by the humans. Poaching means hunting or killing of an animal illegally. We can also see instances of poaching to illegally sell the skin of tiger in illegal markets. And tigers are also killed for other illegal benefits also. Now the efforts which were taken by the authorities have led the Tiger Reserve to achieve the maximum improvements in the management of the Tiger Reserve and to increase the population of tigers also. The news article reports that there was an annual increase of 30% in the number of tigers in the Satya Mangalam Tiger Reserve. You may highlight these initiatives to reduce the dependence of firewood and also for conservation of species and also as a measure to prevent man-animal conflict. That is all about this news article. Let us move to the next article which is related to the economic value of tiger reserves in India. This article states that if we assess the cumulative benefits of tiger reserves based on their economic value, it will come to a range between 4200 crores to 16000 crores. The news article also talks about the coordinating role played by the Wildlife Institute of India in the tiger estimation. A tiger task force was appointed by the then Prime Minister in 2005. This task force has mandated a four-yearly monitoring of tiger populations across India. The estimation or the monitoring has to be based on the methodology developed by the Wildlife Institute of India. In order to carry out the four-yearly monitoring, a national assessment called as the status of tigers, co-predators, prey and their habitat is conducted every four years since 2006. The recent All India Tiger Estimation of 2018 is titled as status of tigers, co-predators and prey in India 2018. This assessment has been done by the National Tiger Conservation Authority in collaboration with the state forest departments and also with the non-governmental organization which work for the conservation of tigers. The assessment process is coordinated by the Wildlife Institute of India. Wildlife Institute of India was established in the year 1982. Also know that it is an autonomous institution of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. With this we have come to the end of analysis of these articles. This practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the next article discussion which is about the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code Amendment Bill of 2019. The areas under which the discussion can be linked to the syllabus has been given here for your reference. Now this Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code Amendment Bill of 2019 will amend the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of 2016 that is IBC 2016. The article states that the amendment bill has been successfully passed in Rajasabha. The amendment seeks to end the ambiguity or doubts in the IBC of 2016 and it also seeks to streamline the resolution process. Now let us first understand what is Insolvency, Bankruptcy, Resolution, etc. Insolvency is a financial state. However, Bankruptcy is a legal procedure. Here insolvency is a state where the liabilities of an individual or an organization exceed its asset and they are unable to raise enough cash to meet its obligations or debts when they are due for the payment of the debt. Technically insolvency could be a financial state when the value of total assets of an individual or a group exceeds its liabilities. Now this insolvency leads to the state of default. The default can happen due to financial failure or even due to business failure. So a person who is facing insolvency needs to take corrective actions to rectify the situations to avoid possible bankruptcy. This can be done in many ways like generating surplus cash or by minimizing the overhead costs and it can also be done by negotiating the repayment terms with the lenders. Now the bankruptcy is the next state of insolvency where an individual or partnership firm is declared as incapable of paying up his debt or incapable of paying up his bills at any time in the present as well as in the foreseeable future. This is declared by the relevant authorities under a specified law. Now in this case it is specified by the IBC Code of 2016. Now generally it is said that failure of resolution process leads to bankruptcy. So now what is this resolution? Resolution refers to a plan proposed by any authorized person or authorized entity for enabling the overdue payments of a corporate debtor. Now this will be done through restructuring of the entity or even through partial payments. It will be done while allowing the corporate debtor to continue in the business. Now the bill seeks to streamline this resolution process. The bill will also amend seven sections of the insolvency and bankruptcy code of 2016. It is aimed to remove the existing ambiguities in the act and it will facilitate the smooth conduct of corporate business and it will also facilitate a smooth insolvency process. One of the most important provision of the bill passed is that it gives home buyers the status of a creditor that is the status of a lender. So if the housing project goes bust that is if the project is forced to shut down then the buyers will have a say in the resolution. So this gives the buyers an upper hand when a new company is bidding for that particular project. The bill also fixes a mandatory deadline of 330 days for completing the resolution process but if you see before this the time period for resolution process was 180 days with an additional 90 days given if the resolution is not completed in that 180 days. Now this bill fixes a mandatory deadline of 330 days from the commencement of insolvency resolution process. Now the finance minister has said that these amendments are aimed at minimizing ambiguities within the act. The finance minister has referred to SS Steel Insolvency case. In this case the lenders or financial creditors and vendors or operational creditors were treated equally by the bankruptcy code for distribution of money collected by the auction of that firm but this was not the intention of the act. The act actually aimed to give primacy or priority to financial creditors over operational creditors. A lender or financial creditor is a person or an institution that lends money to the company for its functioning. If you see according to IBC an operational creditor or a vendor is a person to whom an operational debt is owed or a person to whom such a debt has been legally assigned to. This operational debt is the claim made in respect of the provisions of goods and services including employment to the company. In simple terms we can say they have offered goods and services to the company and the company owes them debt. So this is the operational debt. Now under this bill the government has extended indemnity or protection to successful bidders of companies. The companies that have defaulted on loans. This means that the government would not initiate any criminal proceedings against those who buy out a bankrupt company. Also the government will not raise any tax claim against them after the implementation of that resolution plan. Under the IBC loan defaulting companies are auctions and the successful bidder also called as a resolution applicant takes over the firm. That is the successful bidder takes over the firm. This bill gives great relief to the bidders because now they do not have to face any criminal charges or tax claims for the actions done by the original defaulters. But here you have to note one point that the criminal matters would continue to be pursued against the individuals in the loan defaulting company and it will not be continued against the company itself or even on the bidders of that company. Then the government also plans to implement insolvency regulations for individuals who give personal guarantees for loan taken by defaulting companies. This will be done in phases. Now this would ensure that the guarantors who gave the personal guarantees will not be escaped from the insolvency and bankruptcy code. Now let us see some of other important changes that have been made to the act. The bill has clarified that the restructuring of the corporate sector can be done by a merger, amalgamation or demerger. Here merger is a process when two or more companies are combined together to form a new company or an existing company and amalgamation is a type of merger in which a completely new entity is formed. But demerger is a process in which a big company is separated into small companies. Then as we saw earlier the bill mandates that a corporate insolvency resolution process shall be mandatorily completed within 330 days from the insolvency commencement date. Then the amendment gave the committee of creditors that is COC explicit authority and this explicit authority is over the distribution of proceeds or money in the resolution process. Now here committee of creditors is a committee consisting of financial creditors or lenders who form the decision making body of the company. Now this amendment also gives primacy to the financial creditors. With this we have come to the end of this article analysis. Moving on to the last discussion for the day which is about the response given by the National Commission of Minorities to a particular petition filed at the Supreme Court. This petition was filed to declare Hindus as minority in those states where they are not a majority. The syllabus relevant to this analysis of this news article has been highlighted here for your reference. If you see the title of this news article it has a word remit. Normally it means paying money or revoking punishment. But in this context it means scope or jurisdiction. That is the National Commission of Minorities draws its jurisdiction with respect to notifying a particular community as minority. The article states that the National Commission for Minorities or NCM has refused to entertain a request to declare Hindus as a minority community in those states where they do not form a majority of the population. The petition requested to frame guidelines to identify minorities at the state level or to declare Hindus a minority in states where they do not form a majority. The petition requested to frame these guidelines using the powers under Section 2 Clause C of the National Commission for Minorities Act of 1992. But if you see the Section 2 Clause C of the Act says that minority means a community notified as minority by the central government. The National Commission for Minorities was directed by the Supreme Court to consider the representation given by the petitioner in February 2019. The National Commission for Minorities has formed a subcommittee for this purpose. In the report of the subcommittee NCM has stated that it has no such power to declare any community as minority. It replied that Section 2 Clause C of the NCM Act of 1992 itself states that the power to declare a community as minority lies with the central government. This power of the central government cannot be usurped by or cannot be claimed by the National Commission of Minorities. The report of NCM committee highlighted the Supreme Court's judgment in the year 1999 in the case law of Baal Patil versus Union of India case. In this case law, the Supreme Court has said that the constitutional role of minority commissions is to create social conditions and such social conditions in future should create an environment where there is no need to protect the rights of minorities. So, NCM's role is to maintain the unity and integrity of India by eliminating the need for identifying communities as majority and minority. This means that the minority commissions should not work to declare communities as majority and minority. Rather, it should work to establish a social environment where the rights of vulnerable communities are ensured and they are protected. If minority status is given only on the basis of religion, numerical strength or power, then different communities would compete with each other for the minority status. This would result in ever going tensions and it will create conflicts between different communities. This will weaken the idea of the unity and the integrity of India as a nation, which was envisaged by our forefathers and by our freedom fighters. Now, this is about the article. Now, let us see few facts about the National Commission for Minorities. Firstly, it is a statutory body because it was set up under the Statute National Commission for Minorities Act of 1992. This means it is not a constitutional body. To be declared as a constitutional body, the commission has to be established by the constitution. So, remember NCM is a statutory body and not constitutional body. If we see the composition of the commission includes the chairperson, vice chairperson and five other members. The five other members and the chairperson should be from minority communities. All the members are nominated by the central government from amongst persons of eminence, ability and integrity. In India, totally six religious communities have been notified as minority communities by the central government. They are Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Parsis, Buddhists and Jains. Also know that the Jains were notified as minority by the central government in the year 2014 only. The NCM evaluates the progress of development of minorities under the union and the states. It has to monitor the working of the safeguards provided in the constitution and the laws enacted by both the parliament and state legislature. It has to make recommendations to both the central and state governments for the effective implementation of safeguards for the protection of the interests of minorities. One of the functions under section 9 G of NCM Act is to suggest appropriate measures in respect of any minority to be undertaken by the central government or the state government. Now, while exercising this function, the National Commission for Minorities may suggest the central government to notify Hindus as minorities in the states where they are not majority. But the National Commission itself cannot notify any particular community as minority. So, with this, we come to the end of our article analysis sessions. This practice question will be discussed in the next session. The next and the final session is the practice questions discussion session. The first question is based on geographical indications tag. Two statements have been given. We have to choose the correct statement. The first statement states it is a sign which is used in the course of trade and it distinguishes goods or services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises. Now, this statement is wrong because this is the definition of a trademark, but a trademark is different from geographical indication. As we discussed during the analysis, geographical indication is an indication used to identify goods having special characteristics originating from a definite geographical territory, which means it does not distinguishes goods and services of one enterprise from other enterprises. So, this statement is wrong. The second statement states the controller general of patents designs and trademarks is the registrar of geographical indications. We did not discuss about the registrar of geographical indications during our discussion, but know that the controller general of patents designs and trademarks is the registrar of geographical indications. And also know that the office of controller general of patents designs and trademarks comes under the department for promotion of industry and internal trade, which comes under the ministry of commerce and industry. So, this statement is correct. The question asks for the correct statements. As statement two is the correct answer, the final answer to this question is option B, two only. Now, this question is based on match the following format. One side geographical indication has been given and the other side states have been given. The first geographical indication given here is Bangalore-Roshgulla. Now, after looking at this, you may get confused between the option 1 and option 3 because these two states are known for Roshgulla. But remember that the GI tag of Bangalore-Roshgulla was given to the state of West Bengal. So, obviously, A should match with 3. So, we can directly eliminate options A and option B. Now, if you see option C and D, you can say that Patachitra is from the state of Odisha. So, that is correct. Now, we have to say whether Basmati rice is from Assam or from Himachal Pradesh or we can say either Muga silk is from the state of Assam or from Himachal Pradesh. Now, normally the geographical indication of a good is given for a particular state for one state or two states. But in the case of Basmati, if you see more than two states have been given the GI tag like the state of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Delhi, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir. So, this means Basmati has got the GI tag from Himachal Pradesh also. So, the correct answer here is B for 4. If you see A for 3 should be there, B for 4 should be there and C for 1 should be there which is there in the option C. So, this is the correct answer to this question. Now, this next question is based on all India Tiger estimation. Three statements have been given. We have to choose the correct statement. Now, first statement states it is a national assessment that is conducted by the National Tiger Conservation Authority in collaboration with the state forest departments and conservation NGOs coordinated by the Wildlife Institute of India. Now, this statement is correct. We discussed this during our analysis. Now, if you look at the next statement, it states the assessment will be conducted once in four years. Now, during our analysis we discussed that the assessment is called as a quadrennial assessment which means it is conducted once in four years because here quad means four. So, this statement is also correct. Now, if you look at the third statement, it states there was a continuous increase in the number of tigers in every successive cycle of assessment. Now, this statement is also correct because during analysis we saw that there was a continuous increase in the tiger population with every cycle of assessment like in the year 2006 it was 1411 and in the year 2010 it was 1706 and in the year 2014 it was 2226 and then finally in the year 2018 assessment it was 2967. So, this means there is a continuous increase. So, this statement is also correct. As the three statements given here are correct, the final answer to this question is option D 1, 2 and 3. Now, this question is also based on tiger only. The question states the Royal Bengal Tiger is found throughout India except so, we have to eliminate the option where Royal Bengal Tiger is found because the question says except. So, the correct answer is the place where Royal Bengal Tiger is not found. Now, here the correct answer is actually northwestern India. In the northwestern part of India, Royal Bengal Tiger is not found. Now, we should know that there are eight races of tiger species which is called as Pantera Tigris and the Indian race is called as the Royal Bengal Tiger. The government sources mentioned that this tiger is found throughout India except the northwestern region of India. Now, this next question is based on National Commission for Minorities. Here two statements have been given, we have to choose the correct statement. First statement states it is a statutory body constituted under the National Commission for Minorities Act of 1992. Now, we know that this is a correct statement. We call a commission as a statutory body when it is constituted under a statute or a law and we call a body as a constitutional body when it is constituted or when it is mentioned in the constitution. So, as the National Commission for Minorities is constituted based on National Commission for Minorities Act of 1992, it is a statutory body. So, this statement is correct. If you look at the next statement, the commission can suggest appropriate measures in respect of any minority to be undertaken by the central government or the state governments. Now, this is the main function of the National Commission for Minorities. So, this statement is also correct. So, the correct and final answer to this question is Option C both 1 and 2. With this, we have come to the end of today's sessions. If you like the video, don't forget to like, comment and share and do subscribe to Shankar IAS Academy for more updates related to civil service examination preparation.


Celebrating the end of a sketchbook is always a good day. This one had terrible paper in it, but I muddled my way through it and I'm on the last page. I'm going to draw a wolf. I blocked in the shapes in pencil first, just very lightly. Rectangles, triangles, etc. Then used a medium nib and then a fine nib to start putting in the detail in the wolf, layer after layer. But something in it wasn't quite working for me. I needed some bigger contrast to make this wolf look white. An empty ink bottle worked great to just add water to make first one tone for a wash and then I just added a little bit more to make a lighter tone. Added some more ink doodling on top of that. Didn't like it quite so much, so I added an even darker wash over top of it. So did all that contrast work? Let me know!


Hooded Copper Commanders 788 here and this is a quick look at the 1985 Crimson Attack tank often shortened to the acronym CAT or Cat. This tank was sold exclusively at Sears in 1985 and it's pretty rare piece nowadays. I didn't have this tank as a kid, my family didn't shop at Sears all that often, I don't think I even saw it. But isn't this a thing of beauty? It is so sleek and just gorgeous. Of course it is a black and red version of the MOBAT tank from 1982, recommissioned for Cobra. It has all those same wonderful details the MOBAT tank had. It is motorized like the MOBAT tank but in black and red I just I just can't say enough positive about this. This is just one of the most beautiful vehicles I have. It has some often missing pieces including the cap that goes on this top gun. That's not an easy piece to find so I was happy to have that. And it has the battery cover. It has a battery cover of course because it is motorized it will really roll on real rubber treads just like the original MOBAT did. I have not tested it to see if it still works. I have a suspicion that it might not still work but I got to save something for the full review so I will test this out when I do a full review of it so we will learn together if this thing still works. I really don't mind if it doesn't work. I'm just happy to have the thing intact and complete. I'm just thrilled to have it so if for any reason the motor still doesn't function to me that's not really a problem at all. Like the MOBAT the turret will rotate all the way around and the barrel which is that gorgeous red color can collapse and pull that out. You've got a turret up here that will turn left and right and of course move forward and back. That's the control for the motorized feature. There's room for one figure in the top turret. It has a universal tow hook in the back and that's about it for features. The MOBAT was a little short on features other than you know its motorization feature and so the cat is also a little bit short on features but this thing is not about extra features. This is about looks. This just looks fantastic. Might as well bring in the original for comparison. Of course I'll do a full comparison when we do a full review but just to look at them side by side just so you can see how they match up that. I love the MOBAT in green. I love the extra detail they put on it. Really nice toy. I like the motorized feature but to put it in black and red and give it to Cobra I mean this is inspired. There is a full black tank a full black version of this that was a Canadian exclusive. All the red pieces were all black. Also looks gorgeous. That's also a pretty rare piece. It's not an American release so it's not a target for me but other reviewers I think FormpX257 has reviewed that one and that's just beautiful too. You put the MOBAT in black and good things happen. I have quite a bit to say about this when I do a full review but I just wanted to give you a quick look at it for now. I was able to pick this up at Jocan just in time for Cobra Convergence this year. I hope you enjoyed this quick look at the 1985 cat tank. This is a fairly rare piece a little bit obscure. Some of you may not even know it's out there. I'm thrilled to have it and I'm thrilled to show it to you. I hope you're enjoying Cobra Convergence 3 this year. We worked really hard to bring you lots of cool stuff this year and we're not done. We have more videos to go. If you like this video please subscribe to see more and find me on social media on Facebook and Twitter. Support the channel on Patreon and visit my website hcc788.com. I will be back soon with another full vintage GI Joe toy review. Thank you for watching and I will see you then.


U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin continued his visit in Israel on October 13 at an unidentified Tel Aviv airfield where he met with U.S. troops and checked in on a shipment of supplies for the Israeli Defense Forces.He told the troops he appreciated their work and said that the Israelis would likely need a lot more stuff. Earlier in the day, Austin said that the Pentagon was ready to deploy more military aid to Israel as Israeli forces prepare for a likely invasion of Gaza in response to a devastating attack by militant group Hamas. We just wanted to come by and say thanks to both of our teams that are working hard to get much needed security assistance and to our allies here who are working hard to defend their sovereign territory. Who's the loadmaster? That's Sergeant Lawrence here. You the senior loadmaster? Yes, sir. All right. I know when you guys put this on, you were checking it twice, right? Absolutely. Sergeant Taylor? Hi, Taylor. Hey, Sergeant. How many minutes? All right. Again, I really just wanted to come by and say thanks from me, thanks for the view from the President of the United States, thanks from the leadership of Israel. Again, you're playing a big part in a really, really important endeavor here. And Israelis are doing what they need to do to protect their sovereignty and protect their people. They're going to need to do a lot more. They're going to need a lot more stuff. And some of you guys will probably pass through here three or four times. But I really appreciate what you're doing and thanks for doing it so well. Keep up the great work.


The construction industry throws away huge quantities every year of timber that in many cases they've used very briefly or even just over-ordered for a project. We collect tons and tons of good quality timber that would otherwise be wasted and we reuse it. Bristol Wood Recycling Project is a cooperative founded in 2003. We collect wood waste in vans. We bring it back to a site where we denail it all. We have a yard where we sell wood and we've got a workshop where we make amazing wooden products and as a social enterprise we work with volunteers throughout all of our activities. That's kind of a simple bit of the business. It's all the other stuff that fits around and that makes it complex and very deep and textured. We don't work like a typical business or a typical structure of a workplace. We're just kind of a bit unique that we all kind of do it together as if it's like a bunch of friends that have a project going on. You grow as a person and you grow your job as well. Some people join because they hear that it's a good place to volunteer. It's fun to be here. Some people join because they want to train in the workshop. Everyone's here because they want to be constructive either for themselves or for other people. Routinely in the workshop I might have people whose first language isn't English.  Providing those people a place where they can have a structured task, learn some things and most importantly be together with other people from completely different places. That's one of the most valuable aspects of what we do. That's the best bit, just seeing everybody kind of be part of this little family, this little community that we have here. Because we're a co-op means that it can reflect everybody that is within it. Everybody's views, have an opportunity to be aired and the decisions that we make are very much the collective will of all of us. Last year I applied to the Hive for some training and support in terms of our governance procedures within the cooperative. We had identified a crisis in our governance and that we didn't really know what it was. They were able to supply a trainer for four days who helped us conduct a review of where we were in governance and where we would like to be and now we have a directorship which everyone wants to be a part of and we've got clear responsibilities and procedures for becoming a director and for what decisions are made at that level. Having people from co-ops to assist further co-ops is exactly what we need because that's the solidarity of co-ops. I've learned so much here, I've done so many different things. It's hard to imagine working somewhere else and getting anything like as many different types of fulfilment. My volunteering helps me with one of two issues I've had in the recent past and it just brings out the sunshine in people this place.


Well, hi there and happy New Year. It's Sandy Almak. Welcome to 2021. You've survived 2020. Congratulations. And today I'm going to be painting a card and doing a number of my favorite things. Painting a dog, painting with yellow and playing with light. It's one of my favorite things to do. And anytime that I'm doing any kind of artwork, I generally get lost in thinking about what I might do to create a really interesting light source. Light and shadow is what makes things look dimensional. And the more you can help yourself to see it and understand it and play with it, the more you're going to end up creating things that look more realistic. In this particular instance, I wanted to take this dog and this is a stamp from the Colorado Craft Company. And I wanted the dog to look like she's laying on this blanket in a shaft of light. In my studio, there's a daybed. And in particular times of the year, with particular times of the day, there's a shaft of light that comes through the window and hits that daybed. It doesn't happen very often, but when it does, Vienna makes a beeline for that bed. And she lays in that worm spot and just keeps kind of nudging over as the light moves and then looks very sad when it's gone. I think she understands that that is like the best little spot in the whole wide world to take a nap. And that's what I'm trying to capture here. But this first pass is just getting the basic color down. The only place that I'm worrying about the light right now is on the dog.  If you're painting a dog that's say brown, you're going to have a lighter brown on top and a darker brown in the shadows. So I just wanted to get the basic shadow down for that and then color overall. I chose watercolor because it's not going to allow me to get into all those fine details. Well, I guess it could, but it's less conducive to that than say markers would be or colored pencils might be. Watercolor is going to have more flow to it and it wants bigger sections. And one of the things I found during my sabbatical time off during December is that simplicity is really starting to appeal to me more and more. Trying to find ways to simplify things and and just convey the most important things rather than trying to capture every single detail. And that's what just painting squares in the blankets is doing. It's simplifying that blanket so that it's not as busy because the blanket is not the story in my rendition of the stamp. The blanket is just the supporting character to the light that I'm going to create. I'm also using one of my soft sable brushes and these natural hair brushes, in addition to being more expensive, are a little softer than what you'll get from a synthetic brush. So the ones that I generally recommend for crafters are the silver brush line from the Silver Brush Company, the black velvet brushes, because those have more snap to them. And for a lot of card making, you don't need to have a soft brush like this because you're painting small things. But for me, when I'm trying to create something where the colors I want to blend, I want to stay looser using a softer brush is helpful to get me to do that. But just because I'm using this brush doesn't mean you need to go get one. I will link to that and the silver brushes in the doobly-doo for those who want to explore both, but I generally recommend the silver brushes for crafting. I'm using yellows in this partially because Pantone chose yellow for one of their colors of the year. They've paired it with gray and you can read on their website whether or not you think their rationale was right for choosing those colors this year. But I'm happy they chose yellow anyway, no matter why they chose it. So there you go. In the future, I might do a video talking more about the color of the year, but for now I'm just going to use it in my painting. And I'm using more yellow and green and blue and no red in the blanket because if I were to use red, the primary colors, red, yellow, and blue, will make brown. So if they end up touching each other since the painting is wet next to wet, I could end up with browns in there, which I didn't want. So I just stayed with colors that are not going to make a big brown mess on my blanket. And a lot of this also, by the time it's all done, is going to mostly disappear because it's going to fall into shadow. But I want this color underneath so you have the idea that the color was there in the first place. And that's why I'm painting this first pass with all of this basic color in there, not worrying about shadows at the time. I'm just worrying about getting the color in there. I have a little error in here that I was trying to fix. And I'll tell you not to fix it the way that I'm fixing it. I dabbed it up with a baby wipe, which was fine. And then I tried to fix it, but I didn't test out the color to see if it was the right tone of gray. So I got a little more in there than I wanted, rinsed my brush so I could then just move the same color around a little bit and increase the shadow on the rest of the dog. I could have tried to lift that up more and pull out more of that gray color. But I did know it was going to eventually dry lighter anyway, and also it would just increase the shadow. So I was going to leave it. Sometimes if you try too hard to fix things, you just make it worse and worse and worse. And what I find is if I can find a solution that requires less fussing to recover from it, I'm a little better off. So there you go. Next step is going to be to completely dry it. You don't want this to be damp at all when you do this next step. If anybody's brave enough to try it, because you'll make a mess. So I'm going to get out my heat gun and dry this really completely so there's no ripples left in the paper or anything really good and solid dry. And this is my wow dual speed heat gun. I do like the dual speed. I wasn't sure I was going to like it and that I could recommend it, but I think I can because sometimes I need a little zap. Sometimes I need more and this gives me that option. So I'll get it all dry. And then we come to the place where you're going to want to hold your breath. So just be ready. I want you to to not freak out when we get to this next step. I've had many, many teachers who have done this when doing demo paintings and absolutely I had nearly had my own meltdown watching them do it. And then as soon as it was done, I went, Oh, now I get it. Now I understand they would paint an entire cityscape and then throw in a giant shadow from a building or something. And while it's scary to do this, it really is effective when you're trying to create a shaft of light or a big strong shadow. And in this particular case, I'm using Payne's blue gray. I'm just going to paint right over top of that whole blanket part that's in shadow and then leave that shaft of light over the dog a little bit of shadow on the blanket behind the dog because there'd be a little cast shadow there. And then do the same thing in the background. Go right through that whole wall in the back. And all of a sudden, now you start seeing a little bit of light coming in across the dog, and everything else starts to disappear. Now the key thing about this is if you end up with your your final pass here, going back and forth and back and forth with the brush or doing it in a lot of brush strokes, you're going to end up lifting all the color that's underneath and making a mess because all that color is going to want to reactivate and start to move. So you want to do this in as few strokes as possible. So you don't end up lifting all that color. And then I'm drying it real quickly so that it doesn't have any time to reactivate anything just by being wet. I want it to be nice and dry. And you can see that that that overall color does dry quickly and lightens quite a bit as well. So that I don't have what seemed at first to be a big scary shadow across everything. Now, depending on the thickness that you do this final layer with, you could end up with a big, a big black shadow. And I'm not going to end up doing that. But I did want to push the background further back. This is going to increase the contrast between the background and the dog so that it disappears. So again, I'm just going to paint right through with more of the Pains Blue Gray right across everything. And you can see immediately, the dog pops forward because of all that shadow behind. And then it's going to be a matter of painting the rest of the details in the the dog itself to start adding that contrast. And I'm going to do that with some neutral tint. And that is a color that is close to black, but it's not quite it reacts slightly differently. And I'm mixing it really thick. There's very, very, very little water in there.  And I'll add a little bit of black for her tail. She's got a little spot at the base of her tail that's black. And all of a sudden this starts bringing the dog forward because now I've got contrast. I've got that really strong black next to white highlights and that sort of thing. That kind of contrast is where realism happens in a piece of artwork. So if you're finding your work feels flat or something just looks flat and wrong about it, look for where your contrast is. Are you getting enough contrast overall in your painting, your drawing, whatever it is you're creating, because that contrast is where the attention is drawn. And immediately in this now, you look at the dog's head, everything else starts to disappear and you just see the dog's head because of that. I added a yellow color on here and I realized as I was doing that, I think we need to do some shopping for colors because both my dogs have black colors. How did we do that? How can I be an artist and not have chosen swanky colors for my dogs? I think 2021 might have to be the year of buying new colors for my dogs, which is might be. So get that all nice and dried and then trim down and put onto a card. And the sentiment in this one is hilarious because a dog recommending that more naps the better is the best advice in the world. It is absolutely the best. I love naps. I really, really love naps. And I try to treat myself to at least a little one every day. And I recommend you do the same because if Vienna has any good advice for humans at all, it's that naps are really, really good and squirrels are really, really bad. Alright, I'll see you guys in the next video. Go create something beautiful today and I'll see you later. Bye bye.


Hi, this is your host of LimbHartia and welcome to a brand new episode of our series, TfHire topic of the month, a.k.a. T3M. And this month's topic is platform engineering is DevOps there. And today we have with us, once again, April Hickel, Vice President of Product Management at VMT Software. April, it's great to have you on the show. Thank you so much for having me. It's great to have you today, especially the topic of this month's discussion is about platform engineering is DevOps that. So it's really interesting to have a BMC because you folks create a lot of technologies. I mean, I think mainstream predicts me. So I really, it's interesting to see how from your lens, how you have seen the evolution of all these personas, paradigm shifts we're talking about, the disciplines like DevOps, developers, SREs, DevSecOps, platform engineering. So if I asked you how you have seen this evolution of folks and then we'll ask, how would you define platform engineering or how different it is from DevOps? Let's start there. Well, I think Swapnil, to answer the question, it's good to look at the end in mind. So it used to be in application development that everybody was excited and satisfied to have a new application delivered in some period of time. Maybe it was a year, once a year you'd do a big release and then you'd have some fixes. And that's sped up over time and it's infrastructure has changed, but I think consumer demand has changed a lot. And so now when we talk about doing software releases, you're talking about people that wanna do it every day or you're talking about people that have a much higher expectation for how frequently you're releasing. And at the same time have an equal demand for performance, for availability. And I think that evolution has brought us to a lot of these topics. It brought us to DevOps. It brings us to talking about site reliability engineering. It brings us to talking now about platform engineering. So I think that's the thing that I see, the demand for speed and agility and frequency while maintaining quality is sort of the origin of that. How would you define if you just look at this description, platform engineering? What is platform engineering? And if you can also say, hey, this is how it is different from DevOps. Well, I think of it this way. Platform engineering is sort of industrializing DevOps. So in DevOps, the idea that you could integrate and automate and create automation pipelines that really supported developers in releasing more frequency. And we saw people looking for continuous improvement. Well, now if you scale that and you think about DevOps at sort of the next level of maturity, you've got all these different teams, all these different parts of your organization, embracing automation and using integrations. And you mentioned that it involves security, right? So security comes in as part of that.  Or do you say, look, our DevOps has evolved to the point that we need to do platform engineering. So we'd like to centralize and standardize and perhaps have a group who knows how to do certificate management and can do it on behalf of the developers or knows how to create an automation pipeline and can build that integration to the infrastructure in a more standard way. And does that take the friction out of every developer having to do it? So I think of it as like a DevOps enabler or a DevOps accelerator versus something that's in a conflict with DevOps. So if I draw a Venn diagram, so platform engineering DevOps will kind of overlap. Is it like evolution of DevOps or is it kind of a separate parallel but complementing it? I would say it's separate and complementary. So the idea in DevOps is that I as a developer can work on my project, I can develop my code, I can send that code through some sort of automation pipeline to release it, maybe check security on the way, do all of these things. And also the promise in DevOps is that I build it, I run it. So that's where it kind of intersects with SRE practices. But in that, that automation pipeline and all these infrastructure integrations that are required for me as a developer to have this sort of seamless and automated experience have to be built and maintained by somebody. And that's the promise of platform engineering that you can get a group of people who are experts and who can maintain all of those integration and automation so that I as a developer have this frictionless experience. How would you define developer experience number one? And number two is that how platform engineering kind of enables that experience? So I think of developer experience as, I'm gonna roll into my job in the morning and I'm gonna have to take some business problem and try and solve it. And that's the power of developers is them thinking about how you address some business outcome. So I talked with a developer not too long ago and one of the applications that they work with is really about passenger safety on airplanes. And to do that, they track the genesis of every part and every time that plane lands, every time it takes off, every time that part has maintenance. And if you think of how many parts are on a plane, this is a lot of things to keep track of. But they come into work and they're looking at how do I make changes to this application in order to better deliver on our commitment to passenger safety? They are not thinking about how do I connect to this piece of infrastructure and access this particular piece of data? How do I, they wanna focus on the big problems. So in order to free them up to do that, all of these things about how do you establish a connection to that database? How do you manage getting your code through the policies of your organization to make sure you're not opening up any vulnerabilities? All of these things that happen in the automation pipeline associated with those code can be built into basically a platform, a reusable set of tools and processes that I as a developer can use. And therefore more of my time can be spent creating, developing and coding. And I think that's the promise of customers who have scaled their DevOps maturity to a point where they can introduce platform engineering as a developer benefit. There are companies who have been around for like hundreds of year banks and other industries are there. And there are a lot of companies who are like just emerging today. But when we do talk about things like cloud edu, Kubernetes, service mesh, and now we're talking platform, it can be intimidating. And a lot of new companies, sometimes they are like, you know, just chasing, hey, we need to have Kubernetes, we need the platform engineering without even understanding whether they need it or not. So can you also kind of talk a bit about, you know, that when we do look at these terms, how companies should look at it, that it will evaluate it, that it's not that everybody is on that bandwagon. So we should also jump how they should evaluate we need it or not. Yeah, I think it's really important that you look at your own maturity level. So when you're on the initial stage of a DevOps journey and you're starting to think about, okay, how do I improve my developer experience? What sort of integrations and automation do we need in order to get to a release, to a release deliverable? You know, who is gonna own and operate that code once it goes into production? You know, what types of policies do we have? That is the beginning of DevOps, right? That's where you start and you get your teams empowered and enable and you organize around it and you engage around it. As you scale that and you don't just have one team, but you have 20 teams or you have 50 teams or some of the customers that I talked to, you know, have thousands of developers. If there's a lot of commonality in what those developers need to do. So let's say Swapnil, you're developing and you have an automation pipeline that looks very much like the automation pipeline that I have in my team, then there starts to be a case for platform engineering because the promise would be there would be one team that could serve both you and I. If everything that everybody does is so disconnected and not common, then there might not be a case for platform engineering because platform engineering is abstracting away from all the individual teams, some of the burdens of maintaining integration, setting up automation. I mean, there's quite a lot to those automation pipelines. So I think you've got to evaluate, does having a centralized organization with a lot of expertise give us the ability to move faster within the team? Let's talk about things from the perspective of BMC, your ecosystem, your market. Talk a bit about BMC solutions that kind of enable your customers or the whole larger ecosystem to first of all, bring that developer experience to them to embrace things like platform engineering. Can you talk about your portfolio there? I think that BMC is investing along a number of angles that really speak to how do we do better application development? So one angle I would say where we've put a lot of emphasis is in developer experience. So developers want to spend time being creative, writing code. And so a lot of them have a preference for in which system they do that. And there's a lot of integrated developer environments on the market. So we are trying to make sure that BMC capabilities are available in them whether you go to a Microsoft marketplace and you're interested in doing it in VS Code or whether you're using a more traditional development environment, we wanna make sure that the capabilities there for developers are in all of those. The second place we're really investing is around integration. So if you think about, there's no single company or vendor that you're gonna be dealing with in DevOps. If you think about the time you develop software until the time you deliver software, there's a lot of things that happen in between there and you need integrations, you need your code scan, you need all sorts of things. And there's a lot of great automation technology. So at BMC, we've decided to take a very open borders, ecosystem friendly approach and make sure we package and deliver integrations from all of our DevOps products into all of the ecosystem players. So I think that's really important. So those are, I think, two major investment areas where you see us spend a lot of time. One of the things that we're doing, Swapnel, which I think just denotes our interest in working with developers and really understanding that persona is we feel like the DevOps and the developer experience is so important that we're actually changing our portfolio naming and branding to reflect that. And I think that that is just a signal on where we think the market is going. We think that developers are really key to customer success in the future, right? They're the ones executing on the outcomes these customers are looking for. April, thank you so much for taking time out today and talk about this topic with me and I would love to have you back on the show. Thank you. Thank you so much, Swapnel. I really enjoyed it.


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