James Stewart as the six-shooter. The man in the saddle is angular and long-legged. His skin is sun-dyed brown. The gun in his holster is grey steel and rainbow mother of pearl. Its handle unmarked. People call them both, the six-shooter. The NBC radio network presents James Stewart as the six-shooter. A transcribed series of radio dramas based on the life of Britt Ponsett. The Texas Plainsman, who wandered through the western territories, weaving behind a trail of still-remembered legends. Now, in just a moment, immediately following this important announcement, you'll hear Act One of the Six-Shooter. Meet the safe driver. If you know what makes him stay alive on the highways, you may be able to follow his good example. He always keeps his car in A1 mechanical condition. He shows courtesy for other drivers. He knows that speed is his greatest enemy, and most important, he knows and obeys the laws. Remember, few accidents happen with safe drivers. Are you one of them? Now, Act One of the Six-Shooter, starring James Stewart. I sure couldn't figure it. I'd written down the whole main street all the way from Seth Tully's bank to Ma Benson's roomy house, and I hadn't seen a single solitary person. The doors were closed shut tight. There wasn't even a wagon or a horse out in front of them. They looked like the town of Elk Point had just stopped and gone to sleep, but that didn't make sense either. It's another five o'clock in the afternoon. Whoa, whoa, whoa. Ma Benson didn't know what the trouble was. She always had pretty good notion about everything that went on in Jackson County. Folks always used to say that's why the Elk Point Gazette kept going broke. Old Sadie Benson was too much competition. Well, opening the door might be one way of finding out. Oh, come on now, come on, Ma. Open up the door. Six, so I can lock up again. Oh, sure, sure. I didn't imagine what a fright she gave me when I heard you knocking out there. Oh, but I must say there ain't anybody I'd rather see today. Well, now that's a very flattering greeting, Ma, but what's behind that? Oh, now stop joshing me, Brit. At a time like this when we all might be murdered any minute. Stacy Galt has headed this way. Don't tell me you didn't know. Galt? That's what I said. Stacy Galt. Stacy Galt? I hadn't heard he was in these parts. You hadn't heard? No. Then what on earth brought you to Elk Point? Oh, I'm just passing through on the way to White River. I thought I might stop off long enough to have one of those fine home-cooked meals yours. Isn't that reason enough? Well, you're heaven sent, Brit. That's what you are. Heaven sent. Come on out in the kitchen with me while I give you the news. Sure. I was fixed on a batch of cornbread. I had to do something to keep myself from thinking about what might happen. Oh, you can drop that stool there if you like. Oh, thanks. Before you set down, hand me them eggs, will you? Eggs? Oh, here they are. There you are. Well, now the first sign of trouble was when Galt held up the Fargo Station over at Fort Shafter. That was ten days, maybe two weeks ago. Well, Shafter's 200 miles melt point. Well, that's why folks didn't get too excited. Not then, anyhow. We never figured he'd come this far west. He never had before. Yeah, I guess that's all. But last Monday, he was in White River. Robbed the White River first national, got away with over $50,000. Marshall Andrews, he's the district marshal over at the White River. He trailed Galt five or six miles out of town, and then he lost him. There wasn't no doubt which way Galt was fixing to go. Oh, now where to put that? This morning, Ed Scott came barreling into town. He's got the old McBride ranch out in Easter Canyon, you know. Yeah, yeah, I remember that. Well, Ed seen him last night riding through the canyon. Galt, huh? Couldn't have been nobody else. Ed recognized him right off he did. He did, huh? I thought you said Galt had never been around out point four. Well, there's pictures of him, ain't there? On them wanted posters? Yeah, yeah. Now I know I've left something out of this batter, but can only think what? Oh, my star's bacon powder. You know, when you use sweet milk, you got to put in bacon powder, or the bread just don't raise up at all. That covered right behind your bread, please. Right here? Yeah, that door, there, right there, there. That's on the second shelf. Little red can. Red can. That's the one. Well, now like I say, Ed rung the news of town this morning. Well, that's when everybody took cover, huh? What else was we to do without a single able-bodied man to defend us? Oh. Eddie Scott rounded him all up, formed a posse, and went out putting Galt. Oh, now, what about Sheriff Henry? It sounds like that'd be his job, wouldn't it? Sheriff Henry ain't here. Oh, I see. Just when we need him most, he's delivering a prisoner over to county jail adjacent. I see. And that gave Ed Scott his chance to take charge. He's always been the push and type, wanting to run everything. I guess he figures that he can capture Galt. It'll be a real feather in his cap. Not to mention the $10,000 reward the White River First National is offering. Yeah, that's a lot of money, isn't it? It sure is. $10,000. Oh, can you open it for me? Oh, yes, sure. Now be careful, Britt.  You better use that dish towel there on the right. I don't know why I bothered making cornbread. Won't be anybody here to eat it. Except maybe you, Britt. You'll stay for suffering anyway, won't you, in spite of this Galt business? Well, it would take more than Stacy Galt to do me out of some of your cornbread. Gee whiz, I'd ride 20 miles just to get a whiff of it. Oh, no. I would, yes, I would. Well, the cooking's all right, but it ain't nothing exceptional. No, it's... Oh, you always was one to hand out the blood. Oh, oh, oh. Oh, lads, don't stop it. The heavies of mustard won't know whether I'm coming or going. Yeah, well, I think I'll go out and put a scar on the barn. Well, you're welcome to feed them. There's plenty of hay. Thanks. Ma, you weren't serious about there only being two of us for supper, were you? Well, I sure was. Well, but they used to have plenty of boarders more, and you could take care of them. Oh, oh, I've still got my boarders, Brit, but they're all out with Ed Scott's posse. Oh, I see. I told you, there ain't a male between the ages of 10 and 60 left in town, besides you, of course. Why, even old man Fletcher went along with that posse. No. Huh? They had to help him onto his horse, but he went. Well, you'd better hurry now, Brit. I'll have supper on the table by the time you get back from the barn. It was quite a supper, too. Baked ham with brown sugar dripping down the sides, and mashed potatoes swimming in gravy. Enough green lime of beans to feed the whole population of Elk Point. And that cornbread, gee, where is it? Just light, yellow, and fluffy with homemade maple syrup to pour over it, I tell ya. When I started eating it, I figured I'd have a hard time making a dent in the plate more put before me, but the next thing I knew, I was asking for a second. No, no, not just a thin slice, ma'am. No, no, no, no, no, that's too much. That's too much.  It'll just go easy on it. No, I don't know, though. There. A few more potatoes? No, I don't want any more potatoes. All right. There's just a few. No, I don't want any more beans, ma'am. Now, you can't eat ham with nothing to go with it. No, I don't want to eat it. Oh, my goodness. Here you are. Well, how about you, ma'am? You've already touched any of your food, ma'am.  You're not still worrying about Stacy Gall. Oh, certainly I'm not. That's not since you showed up. If he'd come into town now, you'd take care of him. I don't imagine he'll get past that Scott Posse. And you don't know where Scott's very good. Why, he'll have that Posse running around in circles. I'll bet you you could drive a herd of cattle right through the middle of them men, and they wouldn't even notice. Oh. You know, you want me to answer it? No, no. I'll see who it is. You might keep your right hand free, though, just in case. I ain't caught gold, have ya? No, no, no. He ain't caught it. He's been past it in town.  Yeah, he's here. Oh, I've got to talk to Britt. Britt, he's in Elk Point. Stacy Gall is in Elk Point. Oh. Yes, he is. I saw him not five minutes ago, riding over the South Creek Bridge. He means to rob my bank. I know he does. That's the only thing he could've come up for. Well, you've got more than enough men to take care of him, haven't you, Sam? The Posse's still out combing the hills, away out in the hills. What? Well, my rheumatism started backing up. It was paining me something terrible. I had to drop out and come back alone. That rheumatism of yours is sure a convenient sickness sometimes, Seth. Well, you can be mighty thankful for it tonight. Otherwise, Galt might have got by unnoticed. Oh, we've got to move fast, Britt, before he reaches the bank. I brought him 44. I figured the two of us together, couldn't you? No, just hold on, Seth. What makes you so sure of the man you saw with Galt? Oh, it's got to be him. Fits his description to a T, to a T. Pretty dark out there, you know. He was on the trail from White River. There's no words else could come from. Britt, we all know Galt was headed this way. What did I tell you? He got through Ed Scott's posse just like I said he would. Yeah, he might have at that. There was a couple of times when we sort of lost our whereabouts. Well, come on, Britt. You ain't going to leave me to take care of Galt all alone, are you? Not that I'd be afraid to try it, of course. All right, all right, Seth. I'm coming. I wasn't quite finished my supper, but I... Well, now who on earth... Wait a minute, wait, wait. Well, Andrew, Ma. Why, that might be Stacy Galt. Oh, now, why would Galt be coming here to Ma's place? I'll see who it is. Well, I'll cover you, Britt. While you're roving the door, you ain't got a thing to worry about. I'll cover you. Howdy. Sign out front to the rooms. I'm looking for a place to stay. It's him. It's him, Ma. It's him. Well, come on in. This is Ma Benson. This is her room and house. Evening, ma'am. I'm sorry, ma'am. I'm full up. That's too bad. I was only going to be here one night. Is there any place else that might stop us? No, that is not to the know of. Well... Before you go, mister, we don't mean to be nosy or anything like that, but would you mind telling us what you're doing here in Elk Point? I got some business at the bank tomorrow. The bank? Oh. That's right. What are you doing with that gun, mister? What? Yeah, you opened it. Yeah. Let me pick it up for you. No, no, no. Never mind. Just leave it there. Just leave it. Lay it on the floor? Yeah. Well, it ain't loaded anyway. A man's a fool to carry an unloaded gun. Say, what time does the bank open up in the morning? It ain't open tomorrow. Tomorrow's a holiday. That's so funny. I didn't know. Well, it's kind of a special holiday just here in Elk Point. Oh. You, uh... You came from White River, didn't you, mister? That's right. And how did you... Oh, you heard about me. I was on my way, huh? News should travel fast, don't it? Yes. Yes, it sure does. Well, we haven't got a vacant room. You sure you can't squeeze them in somewhere? Yes. You know, since some of your regulars won't be back tonight anyway, you could... How about it, ma? Well, uh... I guess I could find a place for them, if you really think... I'd appreciate it, ma. Well, just, uh, just follow me upstairs, and I'll see what I can do. Thanks, mister. No trouble. Well, what's the matter with you, Brit? Get Ma and let him stay here. Well, if he's galled, this way we'll be able to keep an eye on him, don't you think? If he's... if he's... You've seen that sattel he was carrying, didn't you? Yeah. Well, don't you see? That's where he's got the stolen money. You can bet your bottom dollar on it. Mm-hmm. No. And, Brit, you heard what he said about my bank. He was telling us plain as day that he means to rob it. That's the way gall is. Everybody says so. You better stop that eating and listen to me.  Don't make no bones about it. That's a fact. Mm-hmm. Well, I didn't... I didn't hear him mention anything about robbing you, Seth. You didn't. But how much cleaner could he make it? Mm-hmm. Yeah, well... And you, Brit, I'm surprised at you. He was standing there wide open. Why, you could have outlawed him without even half crying. Mm-hmm. Well, I guess either of us could have done that, Seth. Seeing as how he wasn't wearing a gun. What? You could have made that cornbread, wouldn't you? We'll return to James Stewart as the six-shooter in just a moment. When it's entertainment you're after, you'll find the very best on this station of the NBC Radio Network. Thursday night, for example, Robert Young portrays Jim Anderson on Father Knows Best, a program which is based on the assumption that the man of the family can put one over on the wife and youngsters. The same night you can enjoy the zany stunts on Truth or Consequences with Ralph Edwards. When Ralph sends a contestant off on a consequence, it usually ends up as one of radio's funniest. And if you like Western songs and adventures, hear the Roy Rogers Show. Then, to top it all off, hear the little-known stories of show business that Eddie Cantor tells on his show business show. Yes, Thursday is packed with stellar entertainment on the NBC Radio Network. Now, act two of the six-shooter, starring James Stewart as Britt Ponsett. Seth Tully just stood there watching me finish up supper, and the expression on his face didn't help my digestion. My sheets sure did look disgusting. But I just wasn't convinced that this new fella and Stacey Galt were the same man. I'd never seen Galt before, of course. The fella Ma took upstairs did look something like the wanted posters, and he had come from White River. That's all true, but no done. The poster pictures and the satchel and where a man comes from just don't prove he's an outlaw, at least not for certain.  No, no, I'm done now. Well? Well, he's not robbing your back, Seth. Well, what do you want me to do? Now look, now we're not sheriffs or deputies, and we can't arrest somebody just on suspicion. And besides, I don't think he's Galt. Oh, you don't? I just don't stand a reason. Now, why would Galt come riding in the town here? He knows everybody's on the lookout for him. Well, with that posse out in the hills, he's a lot safer here in town than he would be anywhere else. And don't think he don't know that, too. Oh, yeah. Now, it's about time to turn in. Now look, Seth, when Sheriff Henry comes back, he can arrest his fellow if he wants to. He's, uh, I think he'd make a mistake. I think he'd be arresting the wrong man, but... Well... But, Ponsett, I'll never forgive you for this. Not if I live to be seventy. Uh, ninety. No, no, no. Leave me at the mercy of a killer. Why, we'd have been better off if you never showed up at Elk Point at all. This is terrible. Oh, just take it easy, ma'am. Take it easy? With Stacy Galt staying right under my old roof? Now, you could be jumping to conclusions. I'm as sad here. Oh, am I? Do you know what's in that satchel? Nope. Money. Stacks and stacks of it. Oh, now, ma'am. I watched him through the keyhole. He took it out and started counting it. And there's slips of paper fastened around the bills. And the printing on that paper says White River First National Bank. There you see. You sure this, ma'am? Well, I'm sure of own eyes, ain't I? Mmm... All right. And that ain't all he's got. You remember what it said on the wanted poster about about how Galt always wears yellow leather gloves? Yes, I remember. Well, he's got the gloves, too. Right there in the satchel with the money. Ha! Ha! You satisfied now, Brit? Mmm... Seth, you gotta find the posse and bring him back here as soon as you can. All right, ma'am. You'll see that he don't get away, Brit. Well, well, yep, I'll see to it. Well, for heaven's sake, Seth, hurry! Be me sure, ma'am. Sure, ma'am, hurry. Gee, I'm sorry if I got into something, ma'am, but I just can't believe... You can't believe what, Brit? Uh, nothing, ma'am, nothing. Well, ma'am cleared off the table and took the dishes out in the kitchen. I had to dry, but she said she'd rather do them herself, so I went into the parlor to wait. The fellow upstairs was moving around, getting ready for bed. At least that's what I hoped he was doing. His room was right over my head, and when the bed springs gave out a little creek, I thought a little better about a thing. About 20 minutes later, Ma came out and sat down in a rocker beside the fireplace.  We didn't do much talking. Not for the next couple of hours, we didn't. Then, about 11 o'clock, the posse came riding on. Well, it must be them, ma'am. Oh, it's about time. Well? Uh, maybe you'd better wait in the kitchen in case there's any trouble. There won't be no trouble now, thanks to Seth Foley. Uh, yeah. Well, anyway... Oh, all right, Brit, all right. He's still here, Brit. Yeah. Yeah, he's asleep.  Yeah, sure. Now, now, here's the plan. The rest of the boys have got the house surrounded. The whole house surrounded. Gold couldn't get out no matter what happened. Uh-huh. All right now, the three of us will go upstairs. Then come on. Now, as soon as we get to his room, I'll kick the door open, then we all blaze away at the bed. No, no, no, no. Just hold on here, ma'am. Just hold on. Yeah? Well, what's the matter, ma'am? Now, what you're talking about is cold blood murder. Oh, just giving him a dose of his own medicine, that's all. That's all? Yeah, yeah. Now, Ed...  Maybe he is. Maybe he is. That doesn't matter. He's entitled to a trial just like everybody else. Oh, use your head, Brit. If we try taking him alive, he's bound to get one or two of us first. Uh-huh. Well, that's the way we're going to take him, anyway. Now, Brit, Brit...  I'll bring him down to you.  I can't promise nothing like that. The boys outside are pretty mad about it. Maybe the boys would like to shoot it out with both the gall of me. Brit, you don't... What do you say, Scott? Well, all right, Brit. He goes to jail. But so help me. Seth, how about it? Sure, Brit. Sure. But if anything happens to you, you've got nobody but yourself to blame. Only yourself. Upstairs hall is pitch dark. I moved on quiet. Quiet as I got. I tried to remember where the doors were. Been a couple of years since I'd stayed at Benson's. I wasn't just sure which room. I pressed my air against the door and listened. I couldn't hear anybody breathing inside, so I headed for the next door. I poked my leg on the hall table, and I reached out to hide. He'd be awake now, so I had to move fast. I swung the door open and brought up my gun. Who's there? What do you want? I stay where you are, and I don't reach for anything. What? Huh? The lamp, right beside his bed, gave off enough light so I could see him. I leaned over and turned it up. He hadn't moved. He just sat there, eyes wide open, licking. What's going on here, Mr. I think you'd better put your clothes on. Oh, sure. Sure. Whatever you say. But why? What's all this about? Well, there's some boys downstairs who want to talk to you. That's right. I don't know anybody in these parts. Well, they know you. At least they think they do. Yeah, they, uh, they claim you're Stacey Galt. Galt? That's right. Why, they're crazy, plum crazy. They are? Ain't they heard? How could I be Galt? Galt's in jail, White River. He was captured, locked up, the day before yesterday. You sure that? I ought to be. I captured him. You? The proof's right there in the satchel. Reward money. White River First National paid it to me yesterday. No. Marshall Andrews gave me Galt's shell of gloves as a sort of a matter of the occasion. Along with a letter of congratulations. Judge Stacey Galt? Well, he was kind of accidental. You see, I'm a drummer. Travel around selling gadgets and things. I didn't know the cabin was Galt's hideout. It looked like any other cabin to me. But there might be some kids living there. So I was getting up the sample when the door opened. Guess he thought the sex shooter I was holding was a real thing. Of course, it did look mighty genuine for an imitation. It sure make realistic looking toys these days. He didn't try to shoot it out with you? No, no, no. All he said was, okay, you got the drop on me. I didn't know what he was talking about, but I was too surprised to say so. Next thing he handed me his gun, well, it was about then Marshall Andrews come riding up. Marshall was real nice about giving me all the credit. Want to see the letter he read? No, no, no, no, no.  I... What I want to see is Ed Scott's face when you show him that letter. That's what I want to see. So when he got finished putting his clothes on, I took Amos Foster, that was his name. I took him downstairs. Ed and Seth, they were standing at the bottom covering us with their guns. The letter from Marshall Andrews finally convinced him. They put their guns away and marched outside. And that was just about the unhappiest posse I ever saw considering that they'd caught their man. Marl Benson, she came out of the kitchen in time to hear the tale and Amos' explanation.  That sounded real good to Amos and sounded good to me, too, except for one thing. I knew there wasn't any cornbread left to heat up. I sort of finished it off at supper. Defense is one job we can't put off because if we want security for our home and country tomorrow, we've got to do something about it today. How? By investing in United States savings bonds. You'll get a return of $4 for every $3 you put in and in less than 10 years. In addition, you can hold your beyonds beyond maturity and earn further interest. 3% interest compounded semi-annually for as long as 10 additional years. Sign up today for freedom. Join the payroll savings plan or the bond a month plan. You'll feel more secure tomorrow if you buy United States savings bonds today. The six-shooter is an NBC radio network production in association with review productions. It is based on a character created by Frank Burt and the transcribed story is written by him. Mr. Stewart may currently be seen in the Universal International Picture Thunder Bay. Others in the cast were Eleanor Audley, Barney Phillips, Forrest Lewis, and Seth Tully was played by Farley Bayer. Special music for this program was by Basil Adlam and the entire production is under the direction of Jack Johnstone. All characters and incidents were fictitious and any resemblance to actual characters or incidents is purely coincidental. Hell, give me speaking. Here, exciting stroke of fate tonight on the NBC radio network.


I'll be honest. I hesitated on whether or not I wanted to talk about the deal struck between Joe Manchin and Chuck Schumer in the Senate Because by the time you see this video the bill could already be dead by the time you see this video There could be additional provisions that make it even worse By the time you see this video, um, you know a lot could change and we've been here before I've talked about so many deals potential deals that Joe Manchin has struck with Democrats only to find that weeks later He comes up with some excuse or he got offended by Democrats and he decided to tank it unilaterally So to talk about this is a little bit irritating to me But I had to do it because this tacit assumption in the media that we're seeing that Manchin is now all of a sudden some sort of a hero I Can't let that stand. So what's in the bill? Well, ultimately, this is a mixed bag if you're a leftist It has undeniably good provisions within this bill But there are a lot of poison pills that might make it more harmful than anything But first of all, let's get to the good in this bill And these are surprising details here that Manchin at least temporarily agreed to as HuffPost explains the proposal would raise $740 billion by instituting a 15% minimum corporate tax rate beefing up the internal revenue services enforcement of tax laws on the ultra wealthy narrowing the carried interest loophole which allows hedge fund managers and other wealthy investors to pay lower taxes and Requiring Medicare to negotiate the prices of some drugs directly with manufacturers leveraging the social insurance programs Massive buying power to ring savings from drug makers. It then spends a historic 369 billion on energy security and climate change which Democrats say will be enough to cut carbon emissions in the United States by 40% before 2030 and put 64 billion dollars toward extending subsidies for the Affordable Care Act for three years The remaining 300 billion will go toward reducing the deficit a priority for Manchin The new proposal would also cap a Medicare patients out of pocket expenses at $2,000 per year now Keep in mind. That's the more rosy portrayal of this legislation. These are very very incrementalist steps Towards addressing climate change towards addressing, you know, the Pharmaceutical price gouging issue in this country, but nonetheless, these are undoubtedly good things But even if we were to get this and Manchin held strong There's an almost Overwhelming certainty that Kirsten cinema is going to be the one that tanks it because there's one provision that has previously been a non-starter for her as the prospects Alex Salmon argues There's absolutely no way cinema is on board with ending the carried interest loophole Barring some profound change in her personality on the level of divine intervention So this just seems like a nice diary entry from Manchin about things. He likes. Yeah So cinema at the time that I record this video She has not commented on whether or not she'd support this her staffers are saying that she wants to read into it And we still don't know if corporate Democrats in the house such as you know, Josh gotheimer, for example are going to support this so It seems it seems up in the air and it's not out of the realm of Possibility that Manchin himself could step away. We just we don't know there's so many uncertainties that it seems like This is doomed to fail. So basically, I'll believe it when I see it But assuming this was able to pass Let's talk about the poison pills because these are very very harmful provisions now This bill is being labeled as a bill that would you know expand our investments in clean green renewable technology solar wind hydro But overall media probably won't report on these provisions So the Center for Biological Diversity They went through the bill and they found two really really bad provisions in particular as common dreams reports those sections 50264 and 50265 Mandate oil and gas leasing in the Gulf of Mexico and Alaska and bar the federal government from authorizing new wind or solar energy Development quote unless an onshore oil and gas lease sale has been held during the 120-day period Ending on the date of the issuance of the right of way for wind or solar Holy shit CBD stressed that section 50265 would require the interior department to offer at least two million acres of public lands and 60 million acres of offshore waters for oil and gas leasing each year for a decade as a Pre-requisite to installing any new solar or wind energy Brett Hartle CBD's government affairs director warned Thursday that those poison pills risk Canceling out the upsides of the measure including the legislation tens of billions of dollars and proposed green energy investments So let's be really clear about what this is.  I mean, what a fucking joke But don't worry Manchin if this passes even if this bill is destructive We don't know if it's more destructive overall or more good overall We don't necessarily know it'll take time for you know watchdogs to assess the damage that this Bill will cause and whether or not, you know, it's a wash or if it's more harm than good But Manchin's career will be rehabilitated and he'll be praised as some sort of a hero for all of eternity because He finally agreed to do something and that's assuming this gets passed again. Cinema might take it Now I think that whether or not this bill should be supported by the left requires a lot of nuance Right the question that we have to ask ourselves that we're unfortunately forced to ask ourselves is Will this bill yield more good than harm? Are we in the situation where this is? the best that we can get before Democrats potentially lose power in the fall or Is this potentially going to be counterproductive because we get climate legislation and investment in clean technology and then They'll think that oh well, we did it. We're done So they'll use this as an excuse to not take further action when it comes to climate change Which will unquestionably be necessary. So overall, what's the takeaway and I? Think the answer is I don't know Overall, I'm leaning towards fuck this bill It's just there's too many poison pills and to do more environmental damage Even if you're investing in clean green technology to do that much more drilling It shows you they're not taking this seriously and it could do more harm than good But I do want to share Ryan Grimm's perspective because even if he acknowledges the poison pills with this legislation He has a pretty Complex and detailed approach to this as to why this might be more good than harm So let's let's get his take here He writes climate hawks will criticize the bill for its energy neutral approach the kinds of subsidies made available for clean energy Are supposed to be available to projects that clean up dirty energy to and cleaning coal is seen by many as a ruse Actively deployed to stall the transition to clean renewable energy However, looking at the reality of our energy infrastructure fossil fuels are going to be with us for a very long time Reducing and or sequestering their carbon emissions during the transition is essential It's the unfortunate reality We've been dealt if this money can spark some exponential technological development in that direction will all be better off Secondly if all that fails and the carbon tech stuff is all fluff Subsidizing it was still worth the payoff to mansion to get the clean energy money because there was no other way at this point If Republicans take Congress next term There's no telling when the window might open again and third it seems like mansion extracted concessions that could make permitting future fossil fuel Projects easier that's bad, but those are fights to be had in the future against the win today So I think that Ryan Grimm raises some really good points But overall, you know, there's a lot of ifs a line from, you know, Ryan Grimm's writing stood out to me If this money can spark some exponential technological development in that direction will all be better off But that's a big if so at this point in time This ultimately is something that he's agreeing to because it benefits his corporate donors He would not agree to this bill if it didn't sufficiently benefit his corporate donors. Keep that in mind. So I'm against this I'll just be honest. I don't support this But I will wait and I'll be open-minded about what environmental groups have to say about this We haven't heard from all of them But I want to hear their assessments their assessments because they know they know more than all of us But at the same time trying to determine whether or not this bill is good could be boot Because cinema could come in and crush it or mansion could crush it himself So that's where we're at in the United States where the best that we can get so far a historic investment in clean Green renewable technology means we have to also further destroy the planet Now if you put aside the climate considerations, then the other good things like, you know negotiating some pharmaceutical prices Expanding Obamacare subsidies. I guess you could you know consider that in your process as well It's all incremental, but still it's objectively good better than what we've got but I mean This isn't what is going to save the planet unfortunately, so I've just overall feel really Exasperated about this and feel like this whole video is probably a waste of time because this bill is going to die So that's where I'm at, you know You could hear a little bit of ambivalence uncertainty and overall hesitation in my voice And that's because you know some some things are complex and require nuance But ultimately I think there's just there's so many uncertainties too many variables to where I can't support this And if I were a progressive senator, I personally would vote against this But I wouldn't fault individuals like Bernie Sanders for voting for this affirmative affirmatively because you know if this is the only chance to invest in some renewables You know you wouldn't be Insane to take it despite the flaws and poison pills But still it's just a bitter pill to swallow and I don't know genuinely if this does more harm than good So that's where I'm at. I just I don't know so I'm gonna have to side against it


Hello and welcome to lecture on model learning outcomes by the end of the session student will be able to explain the working of modem illustrate the types of modem explain the feature of modems you may pause here the video and find the answer to this question what is the need of modulation in a communication system answer to this question is we want to make the signal transmission immune to the noise as well as the signal to transmit more distance with low losses that is the need of modulation that's why we go for the modulation of a signal before transmission what is modulation modulation is a process of conversion of digital signal to the analog signal the three types of modulation techniques are first is AM amplitude modulation second is frequency modulation third is phase modulation in amplitude modulation the amplitude of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with the amplitude of modulating signal in frequency modulation the carrier frequencies change in accordance with the modulating signal in phase modulation the phase of the carrier is changed or varied in accordance with the information signal. Modem is an essential hardware for any user to access the internet. Without a modem, a user cannot access the internet. The modem word, it came from the two words, modulator and demodulator. Modem is a computer peripheral that allows us to connect and communicate with other computers via telephone lines. Modem converts binary signal or digital signal into analog signals for transmission over the telephone lines. And convert this analog signal back into binary or digital format by the process of demodulation on the receiver end. You always need a pair of modem for communication between two computers. Let us see the structure of data communication through modem. In figure one, you can see the communication between two computers over the existing telephone lines. The computer generates the digital data to transmit over the transmission lines or telephone lines. This digital data is converted into analog signal by this modem. Then that analog signal is transmitted over the existing telephone lines to the internet service provider. And then after it goes by a predefined process of networking to the destination. And on the destination side, once again, that analog signal is converted into digital by the modem. Let us see the working principle of modem. Figure two shows the generalized block diagram of modem. In terms of DCE and DTE, modem is a DCE device, while computer or terminal is a DTE device. Computer generates digital signals. Those digital signals are converted into analog signal by the modulator circuit present inside the modem. That analog signal travels over the telephone lines to the intended destination. On the destination side, the modulator circuit of modem, sorry, on the destination side, the demodulator circuit converts the received analog signal over the telephone lines into digital signals and provides the digital signal to the computer or terminal. Let us discuss the modulator block. Modulator is a unit which is used to convert the digital data received from computer into analog signal for transmission over the telephone lines. The modulation is done by adding a carrier signal to the digital signal. Figure three shows how the digital data is converted into analog by the process of amplitude modulation, demodulator. Demodulator is also a unit in a modem which is used to convert the analog data received from telephone lines into digital. And those digital signals are provided to the computer. Demodulation is done by eliminating the carrier signal from the received analog signal. Figure four shows the demodulation process. The types of modem. There are two types of modem, external modem and internal modem. We will discuss each in detail in the following slides. First type is external modem. Here in figure you can see that the external modem resets outside the computer next to the computer and it is connected to the computer via a straight through serial cable. And modem, on the other hand, is connected to the telephone line. External modem is a separate device and resets outside the computer and connects to the computer using a serial port with RS232 standard cable. A 9 pin or 25 pin serial cable connects the serial port to the modem. So we always do not need to open the CPU for modem installations. The setup of external modem is faster and easier than the internal modems. External modem requires additional power source and extra wires for connection with the computer. External modem features light on the front side so you can monitor the connection status, whether it is powered on or communicating with the other device or not. The second type of modem is internal modem. Here in figure you can see that this modem resets inside the computer and appear as if it were an external modem. Internal modem is fixed or sits inside a computer. Nowadays, internal modem is integrated on the motherboard of your computer. Internal modems can be plugged directly into PCI, peripheral component interface, or ISA expansion slots. Internal modem contains its own UART universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter. There is no need of extra wire for installation of internal modem as it is installed or it sits inside your computer. Internal modem obtain their power from computer's power supply, so there is no extra power supply required. Internal modems are not visible from outside the computer, except you can see it from the back of your CPU unit. Features, first feature is speed. Typically, the modem speeds are 300 kilobits per second, 600, 1200, up to 28.8 kilobits per second. Atto answer feature. Most modems have ring detect capability and can automatically answer the telephone when an incoming call comes in. Means if you have a ring incoming on your telephone line, it can detect self-testing feature. Newer modems have this self-testing feature. Some modems have this ability to test the digital connection to the terminal or computer and analog connection to a remote modem itself. The next feature is voice over data. Voice over data modems allows a voice conversation to takes place simultaneously while data is being transmitted or received. But on both the sides, that is on source as well as on destination, the modem should have this feature of voice over data. Next feature is synchronous or asynchronous transmission. Newer modems allows us to select the choice of synchronous or asynchronous transmission of data. You can select either. Normally, modern transmission is asynchronous. Next feature is atto dial or re-dial. Smart modems can dial the phone number and atto re-dial if a busy signal is received and keep on re-dialing the number. The last, how to install a modem. You do not need to install the internal modem, but you need to install the external modem. External modem installation is very easy process. You just have to connect the external modem using RS-22 cable to your computer. You have to insert the installation CD. Once the installation is done, then you have to restart your computer and you have to just test its functionality by the options provided in the accessories. These are the references. Thank you.


Welcome back to JSA TV the newsroom for tech telecom and data center professionals Buffy Herakides, and we are coming to you live on our final day of JSA TV from Channel Partners Expo 2023 in Las Vegas and joining me today is Steve Leavitt He is the VP of sales for connect base Steve. Welcome to JSA TV. Oh, thank you for having me Yeah, I mean this has been a great show so far. It's the final day The floor is still a little buzzing here. Everyone's packing into the Expo floor It's been the biggest channel partner show to date over 8,000 attendees How are you joining the show so far so far so good? I mean we've had pretty significant push into the channel this year and we're excited about everything We're gonna be able to do in the future going for this specific Specific segment of the market right and for viewers that might not already know about connect base Can you tell them a little bit more about the organization? Sure connect base is a sass a venture backed sass base company Where we built a two-sided marketplace for the buying and selling of network What makes that unique is we've built the foundation of what we call location truth Which is a standardized Conformed and validated way to take location specific services and pricing and distribute that into your various channels to the market Well, when we talk about channels Here at the show. I mean it's channel partners What does connect base do to? Enhance channel program your channel program and everything that you're doing to support your channel partners sure the channel plays such a significant role in this industry not only do they Amplify the reach of the provider into the market, but they are true of the trusted advisor for the enterprise But like anything even though we're all in the same industry Every single business has their own little nuanced way of how they operate As the software provider we take a more neutral position in the market Meaning we allow our customers to distribute and consume data in a standardized way While at the same time taking into account all the nuances that inspire those partnerships to be successful as an example You could have a channel partner that Has already made the investment in technology and automation We provide api workflows to bring that automation to scale in a much more efficient way for that particular type of partner On the flip side you could have a partner that has no automation or technology We allow that company to become technically enabled in a financially responsible way With a much faster time to market and none of the overhead of Cost or burden to maintain that system on an ongoing basis all of that come comes together with Faster more accurate quoting and ordering which drives improved margins increased win rates and less fallout in the industry Yeah, I mean partnerships are everything today. So having you here talking about how you're supporting your partners Is critical especially when it comes to automation and all of those critical important things so Let's talk a little bit about the growth of connect base. I mean you've been there for quite some time now And you've probably seen a lot of growth over the years. Why don't we tap into the growth at connect base? So I started the connect base in 2018 at that point. We had maybe around 40 or so customers Over the last five years We've gone from a really nice tool to have to Truly the industry standard for how connectivity is bought and sold If we look back at the last 12 months, we had nearly 16 billion dollars worth of network that was quoted through our platform Across 300 customers. Wow, which we think is fairly meaningful, but we're not done. We aspire to do much much more In the industry Well speaking about doing much much more. I mean, what's ahead? We're really excited about the roadmap for this year We're going to go deeper into the buyer buying and selling processes. We're going to improve our capabilities in the quota order space We're going to build automation that will allow our customers to Find and connect with each other inside of the platform We're going to bring analytics driven reporting to bear so that Data-driven decisions can be made both internally to improve the go-to-market as well as externally so you can improve the position with your partners We're going to expand our product catalog capabilities to go beyond just connectivity Into more connectivity or network and over-the-top related services And then outside of the technical roadmap We're taking a much more proactive approach to the international markets So we can come to Not only a u.s. Way of doing business but a truly global standard for how business gets done in the industry So definitely some exciting things ahead in this roadmap here for connect base a global expansion. That's amazing Is there anything else that you wanted to add today? No, I think it's you know One of the cores to what we do is, you know, we're very very consistent in how we help our partners And the more and more that people Start to embrace the standard The the more efficiency is going to be driven into the market as a whole Somewhat self-serving statement, but I think in the end the industry will benefit from it as well Yeah, I mean consistency consistency is everything Where can viewers go if they want to learn more about connect base? So there's two there's two ways The first if you want to understand more about what the product the platform is and what it does You can go to our website at www.connected connect base.com. I almost said our prior name Wow The second and honestly the best way Is as you're having conversations with your partners or prospective partners ask them. Are you in connect base? The benefit to that is you're going to get the market perspective And the impact that we're having on a day to day basis in the business Which is a little bit different because you're going to get an unbiased approach to that So the question is are you in connect base? And if you want to learn more go to www.connectbase.com Thank you so much for joining us today. It's been a pleasure to have you And enjoy the last few hours of las vegas in the show And thank you viewers for tuning in to another episode of jsa tv Live from channel partners 2023. Happy networking. Thank you


Hello and welcome to this session. In this session we discuss the following question which says, if A, B, C and D are in continued proportion, proves that AQ plus BQ plus CQ upon BQ plus CQ plus DQ is equal to A upon D. We know that when three quantities say A, B and C are in continued proportion, then A upon B is equal to B upon C. This is the key idea that we use for this question. Let's proceed with the solution now. We are given that A, B, C and D are in continued proportion. Therefore, we can say that A upon B is equal to B upon C is equal to C upon D.  So, first of all, we take A upon B is equal to B upon C is equal to C upon D is equal to K. This means that A is equal to BK, B is equal to CK and C is equal to DK. Or A would be equal to BK and in place of B we put CK. So, CK into K that is CK square and in place of C we put DK. So, it would be DK into K square that is equal to DKQ. Therefore, we have A is equal to DKQ. Now, consider B equal to CK in place of C we put DK. So, DK into K is equal to DK square. Therefore, B is equal to DK square. Now, consider the LHS which is equal to AQ plus BQ plus CQ upon BQ plus CQ plus DQ. Now, here in place of A we put DKQ and in place of B we put DK square and in place of C we put DK. So, we have this is equal to DKQ the whole cube plus DK square the whole cube plus DK the whole cube. As we have substituted the values for AB and C and this whole upon DK square the whole cube plus DK the whole cube plus DQ. So, we get this is equal to DQ into K to the power 9 plus DQ into K to the power 6 plus DQ into K cube. This whole upon D cube into K to the power 6 plus D cube into K cube plus D cube. Now, taking D cube common in the numerator we have D cube into K to the power 9 plus K to the power 6 plus K to the power 3. And this whole upon taking D cube common in the denominator we have D cube into K to the power 6 plus K to the power 3 plus 1 the whole. Now, this D cube D cube cancels. Now, again we can take K cube common from the numerator. So, here we have K cube into K to the power 6 plus K to the power 3 plus 1 the whole and this whole upon K to the power 6 plus K cube plus 1. Now, these two expressions cancels and this is equal to K cube that is we have LHS is equal to K cube. Now, we consider the RHS which is equal to A upon D. Now, in place of A we put D K cube upon D. Now, D and D cancels and this is equal to K cube. Thus we have the RHS is equal to K cube. So, LHS and RHS each is equal to K cube. So, we say the LHS is equal to the RHS. Hence, we have proved that A cube plus B cube plus C cube and this whole upon B cube plus C cube plus D cube is equal to A upon D. This is what we were supposed to prove. So, this completes the session. Hope you have understood the solution of this question.


So what we generally try to address in any meeting of this type is sort of how did we get where we are, where are we now, and where are we going. So I am now the presenter. I have power. This is cool. I might be, but my down arrow still isn't working. But my space bar perseverates. Okay. All right. And as Eric mentioned about four years ago, we released four and a half now, released our strategic plan that was developed basically as Eric came on, the process had begun, but we really sort of put it into place in that, in February of 2011. As Eric mentioned, this was to go from, really, from the sequence to clinical applications. This was new for us. The Genome Institute of Genos started as the genome project, which was focused on the structure, the sequence, and we had since developed and looking into the function of the genome. But this was a new thing where we were really trying to apply this in health and disease. And as with any technology, we asked ourselves, or any approach, we asked ourselves, well, what do we really want out of this in medical care, and written by these guys, and really sort of five things. You want to identify risk. You like to prevent disease, improve diagnostics and treatment, and you like to increase access, make it available at a reasonable cost to everybody who might benefit from it. You've probably heard us talk about the five domains of genomics research. The structure and function of the genome, as I said, are bedrock, and they will always continue to be. We are the institute that really does that kind of work, and no one else does. Understanding the biology of disease is something that we moved into in the genome-wide association era with looking at associations with diseases and other clinical phenotypes. But really what was new in this plan was the science of medicine, really trying to get at improved diagnostics, treatment prevention, et cetera, and then improving the effectiveness of treatments so that patient outcomes were actually improved. And genomic medicine is focused on these two areas, as you see here. Eric mentioned we had a strategic meeting actually now about five years ago, almost to the day, planning the future of genomics, and at that meeting, some of you who were there will remember that the room was kind of divided into two. There was half of the room was saying, this isn't ready, it's not time, don't you? And we need to learn much more about it before we start using it in people. And the other half were saying, you guys don't understand, this is out there now, it's happening, and you need to get in front of it if you want it to be done right. And so we kind of picked a hybrid of those and decided to move on in this area. And one of the things that we tried to do was to say, all right, let's take stock and figure out what really is out there. And again, as Eric mentioned, much at the urging of Jeff Ginsberg, who was telling us, yes, this is happening out there. We did what we typically do, we invited a bunch of really smart people with almost no notice, and in this case, didn't even pay their travel, and said, you know, if you'd like to meet us at O'Hara Airport on June 29th, we'd love to have you, and we're going to talk about genomic medicine. And about 20 groups came. We agreed we would define the landscape and figure out what was common across the groups, particularly try to develop some kind of a nation roadmap for how groups who were not in this space might try to get there, and then identify common infrastructure and research needs. And that led to one of the white papers that Howard mentioned, and one of the things, among the things that we found there was that there was a lot more than we had anticipated going on. Most of these efforts were in isolation, so they didn't know about each other and they weren't building off of each other. And we also found that they had many barriers in common, such as a lack of evidence of promoting implementation, and that then was leading to a lack of acceptance. There was also, there were challenges as there still are in interpreting variants. Back five years ago, it was comparably easy compared to what we have now. There was also a lack of expertise in trained clinicians to use this information, lack of standards, and difficulty in integrating into electronic medical records and clinical workflow. So as you heard, we established a working group of our advisory council. Our advisory council meets three times a year, and we have several working groups that provide input on specific topics. And you've met the group sitting along the base of the U there, with Eric and myself and Laura Rodriguez as the sort of ex-officio NHGRI members. You'll also see all eight of them as the panel leaders. And because Eric and I were setting up the meeting, Laura is the ninth panel leader, so she'll get to do that with the ninth panel. The charge for the working group is to assist in advising our council and us on research needed to evaluate and implement genomic medicine. And you can see the charge here reviewing current progress, identifying gaps. We also try to identify key advances and make those available to the public, to news media when they ask, you know, what have you done for us lately? That sort of thing. They plan these meetings. This is the eighth, as you can see, on timely themes. So we try to identify generally at the, you know, over dinner the night between the two days of the meeting, as we'll be doing tonight, what should be done in the future and how things are going currently. We try to facilitate collaboration and coordination and explore models for infrastructure support of all of these efforts. We describe these efforts on our NHGRI website. You can see here, we publish the notable accomplishments kind of broken down by a series of themes. In collaboration with our Division of Policy Communication and Education, DPCE, we also work on some of the policy and education efforts. Eric mentioned that we had come up with a definition of genomic medicine. There wasn't one at the beginning. There was a lot of debate as to what it was. Our definition is purposefully narrow, because as you said, we're a small institute. But still, we have one there, and it really is. You know, what we're talking about is implementation, using an individual's genomic information in their clinical care. Also, our policy group has been very active in addressing challenging issues such as reimbursement, dealing with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, as well as the Food and Drug Administration in some of the challenging issues related to next-generation sequencing. They've recently published, for example, or posted a guide to investigators for applying for investigational drug exemptions, IDEs, from the FDA. And our Genomic Healthcare Branch has happily taken over the Inter-Society Coordinating Committee for Pre-Precisioner Education in Genomics, or ISCC, a very large and robust education effort that grew out of these meetings. So after the first meeting, we had a second in December of 2011 to promote collaborations, a third looking at various stakeholders, policy, and otherwise, mainly reimbursement, actually, and laboratories. Physician education in January of 2013, we brought together federal agencies in May of 2013, and global leaders in January of 2014, where we met some of our colleagues from outside borders. And you'll notice that these were happening every six months. This got to be exhausting for us, and it was killing our budget with all of the things that were going on. So we slowed down a little bit to every nine months. We had one on genomic clinical decision supports back in October, and another, obviously, this one now. All of these meetings, except for the first, are webcast and streamed. They're video archived. They're all on our website. All of the slides are available as well, as well as meeting summaries, and some of them actually then produce subsequent white papers. But we've found, and have heard, that this is something that really is a useful resource to those trying to implement genomic medicine. Just to kind of look at some of the outgrowths of our meetings, this kind of reminds me of a planarian, but at any rate, looking at this little fellow when he or she was, I don't know if they have, well, we don't go into that. Anyway, when it was small, with our first meeting, we then led directly into what we called the ClinAction meeting, trying to identify actionable variants, which was something that all of these groups had been trying to do sort of in isolation. That led directly to our clinical genome resource that you'll be hearing a lot more about today. It also led to the addition of a pharmacogenetic sequencing array in a collaboration with the National Institute on General Medical Sciences and IGMS's Pharmacogenomics Research Network, taking their array and applying it in the Emerge Network in 9,000 people, which has been a very fruitful collaboration. Our second meeting led directly to the Ignite program, our demonstration projects where we're trying to bring genomics into a wider array and more diverse settings and more diverse populations. Our third meeting led to a sub-meeting with a group of payers. We're still pursuing those interactions and they have borne some fruit. The fourth meeting on education led directly to the Inner Society Coordinating Committee, which has really taken on a life of its own and now is under the leadership of Bob Wilden. Our fifth meeting actually led to a number of collaborations. This was the Federal Stakeholders meeting. I've put these in dotted lines not to imply that we were responsible for CMS, FDA, or the Air Force. So we didn't produce those, but we did develop some very good collaborations with them that are continuing. We did, however, come up with a trans-NIH working group on clinical applications of genomics and we have several members of that, Barb Connelly, Kachel, Dina, and Wendy and others here at this meeting and we thank you for being there. I understand several more are listening to the webcast. The sixth meeting on global leaders led to a global genomic medicine collaborative. We held the sixth meeting in collaboration with the Institute of Medicine and they have then taken on the support and management of the G2MC, which is kind of an implementation arm for genomic medicine globally, trying to understand what's working in different kinds of settings and what might be transportable to other groups. And that group then is related to the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health meetings that are happening later this week that some of you are flying off to this evening and our apologies for making you extend your travel time away from home, but at any rate. So we recognize that those are close collaborations that need to be facilitated. And the G2MC actually led to a meeting on research directions in Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, or SGS10, that was held just a few months ago because we wanted to take sort of an interesting model that we saw in Southeast Asia and see how it might be applied elsewhere. One of the things we found was that there's almost nothing being supported in research in this area at the NIH and yet it is a paradigm of genomically mediated adverse drug reactions that might be preventable. So all of those outgrowths, the seventh meeting on Genomic Clinical Decision Support has led to stronger collaborations with the Institute of Medicine's Genomic Roundtable, particularly in implementing CDS. And here we are today. So as Eric said, there's been a lot to come out of these meetings and many of them have been really tangible product projects that you'll be hearing about today. So that's kind of the, how do we get here? I'm a big fan of Gary Larson, so we're entering the middle of nowhere. Well, this is just going from bad to worse. Actually, we're not going from bad to worse. We're in a really exciting time for genomics and genomic medicine. This is a list of all of the programs that we consider to be sort of the focus program. We sent out descriptions of all of these because one of the things we didn't want to do was to just have a parade of people coming up describing the program and sitting down. We thought we could do all of that kind of in advance. And so, and I won't do that now because somebody took most of my time, but I won't go into that either. But at any rate, just to describe or show them to you in a list, the Undiagnosed Diseases Network I should mention is a program of the Common Fund of NIH, so it's supported by all of NIH, is building on our Undiagnosed Diseases Program, sorry, that began as a collaboration between the NHGRI's Intramural Program and the Office of Rare Diseases Research. We still have a large footprint in that and we're managing a large part of it. So, and it's obviously clearly related to the kinds of things that we're talking about today. Then there's the Insight Program, Newborn Sequencing, Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research, looking at integrating genomic sequence in a variety of different programs. The second emerge, 2011 to 2014, actually began right on the cusp of our publishing strategic plan and having that first colloquium. And one of the things we were able to do was kind of get them to take a little bit of a right term and say, not only are we continuing the biorepository and electronic medical record research that we've been doing in Emerge I, but we're really now trying to have some small implementation projects to learn a little bit better how to do this on a more system-wide level. As I mentioned, we implemented the Emerge PGX project, Emerge III, so Emerge is in an awkward phase right now, it's right at that stage of renewal and we anticipate awards for Emerge III being made later this summer, but the plan there is really to identify rare variants in 25,000 patients, determine their penetrance and actionability based on some of the experience that we've had with the Emerge PGX. Ignite project is, as I mentioned earlier, really trying to disseminate this model beyond specialized centers into less specialized clinical settings, and then the clinical genome research to develop consensus information on variants relevant for clinical care. So Howard, I have nine, 10, is that right? Yep, yep. Okay, so maybe to give you an overview of how this looks, we're looking at two axes from the depth of patient characterization going from, perhaps not too deep, down to the bottom of the y-axis in very deep and careful characterization and breadth of implementation along the x-axis, and if you consider this then the UDN is probably an example of one that is very, very deep. Patients are typically brought in for a week of clinical characterization and that's something that we can't do on a large scale, obviously. N-Cite is similarly very deep in some of the programs in particular and the clinical sequencing exploratory research program a little bit more broader looking at system issues or hospital issues as well as dealing with individual patients. And also all of these are sort of testing multiple models where we're really trying to see what works and what can be codified. Emerge, on the other hand, tends to be a little bit more unified, particularly in its third phase, it will be much more of an approach on a system-wide basis and ignite. Again, trying to deal with these things on a system-wide basis for evidence generation as well as impact in dealing with institutions and clinicians. So, those of you with a seizure disorder, please look away. I'm just gonna flip right past all of these slides describing these programs because I'm a little bit out of time. One thing I did want to sort of pause on was the fact that having done some sequencing now from the experience that we've gained from multiple programs, we've recognized one of the biggest challenges for institutions is really what do you do when you find these abnormalities or when you find sequence variation and you may not know what to do with it? How do you report that back to patients? How do you deal with clinicians? This is something that has been studied. Actually, it began in the GWAS era when we started finding, to our surprise, people with Kline-Kelter's syndrome that was on diagnosed returner syndrome, sort of first detected in the sex chromosomes because those we could be really, really sure of.  Some of you were involved in those early discussions of what do we report back, et cetera. In Emerge, it's a bit of a challenge, more so than in many of the kind of classic genome-wide association studies because many of these centers had an interaction with the patients. They were dealing with them directly and so trying to figure out how best to do this. And we're recognizing now that as sequencing generates all of these findings, institutions are going to have to learn what to do with it and we're gonna have to learn what the implications are. Again, kind of flipping through my apologies to all these programs that are lovely. We'll put these slides on the website so that you can see them and put up the genome resource again. Okay, sorry. Okay, and we'll get to putting the pieces together. So this is one of my favorite cartoons from the genome project. I think I found a corner piece here with the three billion pieces. And so kind of looking overall, you have two matrices in your materials. We sent out a revised objectives matrix just this morning. That was because I forgot to include the Air Force program and so sorry Ruth, but we have it incorporated now. But what I tried to do was to look at the focus program, sort of the six main ones that we have in NHGRI and kind of boil down some of the major topics there. So this gives you a feel for the programs that are working in genomic diagnosis. Recognizing that these are probably working in that area as well, but it's not really an emphasis. LC issues related to sequencing with several programs addressing that, integrating sequencing in the clinic, clinician, patient, education, et cetera. And this is kind of how we think about these, all of these are just about all and probably there should be a positive plus sign here are trying to deal with defining and sharing implementation processes. I should note that we have the slides networked and you all received a WebEx link or a GoToMeeting link in your email. Because this is a big room and we have lots of slides in that, I would encourage you if you're as myopic as I am to go ahead and log into the WebEx so that you can see the slides on your screen. I think that will make it much easier as we walk through the day. So, we've heard a little bit about how we got here. We've heard where we are now and really the golden question is where are we going? And that's what we're relying on you to tell us in the next day and a half. And this is going to perseverate again. So, you'll see from the agenda, we set it up as nine panels. We do have a panel table here but I think in talking with the GMWG members, our feeling was that this kind of puts them off and you know, switch around or something. And we'd rather have more of a discussion around the table. So, we'll probably do most of the discussion from our seats here at any rate. These were the nine topics we settled on. There are others that could have been addressed. You'll notice that health economics is not on here, there are a number of others that are not on here. But these are the nine that we went with. Excuse me, we asked each of the panel leaders who are the GMWG members and their panels to address the importance and impact of the topic, what current programs are addressing it, what gap areas they are, what potential synergies and what training opportunities they might be. So, you'll be hearing that through the day. We've asked for each of the groups to limit their presentations to 20 minutes. And I have these really obnoxious signs that I hold up that say you've got five minutes or two minutes or one minute left. So, we will try to hold you to that. And then we'd like to leave half an hour for discussion and really a robust discussion. Again, a little bit difficult in a big room like this, but we're asking the panel leaders to moderate that. And you can moderate it from here, you can wander around, you can do it from your seats, whatever feels best to you. Then at the end of that, the last five or 10 minutes we'll ask the panel moderators or whomever they have delegated to do this to show a summary of the key points. And of course, we'll be putting these together and at the end of the meeting, Howard and I have some summation efforts. And we may, depending on our discussion tonight, we may try to write this up as a white paper for publication. So, many thanks. I'd like to express particularly to Rita Chambers and Teji back in the region to Bruce, to at least two back here. Thank you so much. They've been responding to my emails all weekend and I really appreciate that. And also Jackie Ogis and Ellie who are going to be our note-takers for the summary of the meeting and really wonderful efforts by everyone there. The, particularly our program investigators and participants who are doing all of the work that you saw sort of fly by there that I didn't get a chance to talk about. And the many NHGRI staff that are involved in this effort, especially the also the GMWG. Pearl O'Rourke I should mention is an emeritus member of GMWG, she actually managed to escape. But don't any of you get the idea that that's going to be possible for you as a hotel California. So, and then, and particularly also our genomic medicine meeting participants on the web as well as in the room. So, I think with that I will stop and I'm happy to answer any questions. Thank you. Questions for Terry? We'll transition over to Jeff who's almost up there. So, Jeff, are you ready? You are ready.


What are the good things and the bad things about fall in New Jersey? We're at NJRoot22.com here with a little general interest vlog and today it's about the seasons really. I'm doing a little quarterly thing here. I'm starting off with the fall and we're going to talk about, you know, as the season starts. What are the good things, the positive things about the season, this case fall and the kind of the cons, the bad. And I guess you can look at it also as looking at it from an optimistic point of view or a pessimistic point of view. So we're going to start off with autumn in New Jersey. Fall. I like calling it fall. Something I guess sophisticated people like calling it autumn. Well, let's start out. What are some of the good things about fall? Well, obviously, living in the northeast, the fall foliage is one of the great things that people look forward to this time of year. They drive up to, you know, a New York state or Vermont and they look at the beautiful colors in the trees and that's always a nice thing. It doesn't last very long. And I guess a lot of people like taking pictures now. So I guess your social media feeds for the next two months is going to be a lot of fall foliage. So you could just take a stock photo and put it up and people will still like it. Oh, it's so beautiful. Not realizing it was taken like 10 years ago by somebody else, but whatever. Another good thing I like about fall personally is the fact that it's not swelteringly hot and humid. That's what you would call manageable temperatures. It's definitely more comfortable this time of year, same as spring, but a little bit different, a little drier in the fall. And my favorite thing about the change of the seasons towards the colder time was fewer bugs. If I have a pet peeve, it's bugs, especially bees and flies and other insects flying in my ear when I'm out doing something or working. I just hate being snuck up on by a bug right in my ear and they're always in your face. Luckily, since I don't eat sugar, I never get a mosquito bite. I don't think I got one. Maybe I got one mosquito bite this year. I think it might have been a spider or bee. No, probably a spider. I'm really not a big fan of bugs at all. And another thing that's fantastic for at least getting a little respite from the outdoor work. Although I like being busy and working and it keeps me in shape. It keeps my joints and muscles in tip-top shape. Your landscaping starts going down.  I'm really happy that we don't have to mow the lawn and trim the hedges every week. So that's a nice little break. One other good thing about this time of year for the next month or two is that most people's utility bills go down dramatically. These are two of the lowest months of the year because you really don't need heat as much, maybe at night, where we live, as I'm filming this video, it's in the 30s. So that's why I'm wearing this jacket in my cold movie studio. I think for the most part there's two months in spring and two months in summer where everybody's overall utility bills are the lowest. So that's nice. And I would have said there's less shore traffic come fall. And generally on Friday afternoons and Sunday evenings, there's usually a big traffic jam. But this crisis has caused a dramatic downturn in weekend activities. So there's really not any traffic at all these days. I haven't seen any in the last six months, have you? Anyway, so let's talk about what a pessimist might say about fall and the not-so-good things. There's a huge chore coming up in November at some point when all the leaves are down. A lot of people do it weekly or bi-weekly. They rake their leaves and they have to put them on the curb. Some cities in New Jersey, you can't just get rid of them.  But fall cleanup is a big pain in the neck for somebody. A little hint though, we have property where we can just blow our leaves into the woods. Another good way for smart people is just to mow and mulch your leaves into the grass and that will provide a good nutritional foundation for your grass next season. So don't bother raking them. Just mow them up. Mow them up the shreds. That's my advice. Another thing that I guess some people might have an issue with.  I like to call it. Especially for people who pack up their summer things and put them in storage and vice versa in the winter. You never know. One day it might be 80 degrees. You have to wear shorts and a tank top and the next night or that night it's going to be 30 degrees and you have to wear a jacket and long pants. So that's kind of a pain in the neck for people with large clothing supplies.   They never take their signs down. I think the loser, there should be a law that if you're running in a political race, the loser should take down all the signs in their district or whatever they're campaigning for. That'd be a little bit hard for Biden this year since his signs are up coast to coast. So that would be, he would probably die doing it too. And another thing that I guess this can affect a lot of people. I think millions of people have something called seasonal effective disorder and that's due to reduced daylight. The fall equinox, there was an equal amount of daylight or around the same amount of daylight and nighttime, but it's just going to get worse towards the winter. So less daylight can be a little bit depressing for people because it becomes dark and you don't have natural light and that's that. You should go to sleep in the sun sets. That's better. And also, this may not be a problem this year for people who don't go to stores, but I remember around autumn or before Halloween, the Christmas stuff started going up at various stores. It was ridiculous. In September, I believe it was last year, I recall, seeing some aisles at Walmart getting filled up with Christmas stuff from China, of course. China, as some people say. Of course, the big thing this year, I guess the worst thing about the autumn this year is the onset of the flu season. And as you can see, they're already promoting masks. Last flu season in 2019, no one's saying anything about masks. Now it's masks and flu season or face coverings or face diapers is a better way of putting it. They never made a big deal about these transmittable diseases. They said, oh, just take care of yourself.  But now, everybody that gets the flu this year is going to be worried. They have something else. They're going to go to the doctor and get all sorts of tests that are probably 90% inaccurate. And that's going to be a giant disaster.  And that's it. If you like this video, please hit the subscribe button and the bell. I do three videos a week. Have a nice day.


My name is Shelly. I live in Esquimalt, BC and I was born and raised in beautiful British Columbia. My idea was for people when they phoned in to inquire about government services to be able to speak to an actual person. I found it frustrating actually when you call and you get a series of recorded messages and different buttons to push and it's not always clear in the recorded messages if I'm pushing the right button for the right area or the right department and so it's really great to actually speak with a person on the other end of the line to make sure that the inquiry is being directed to the right place. I submitted my idea. It came to me right away because I've had that experience and so I thought it would be a great idea if when you phoned you actually spoke with a real person. You could give all the details. You could leave your contact details and you would have the right person call you back. If you're given the opportunity for your voice to be heard then submit your idea. They would say there's no such thing as a bad idea and again if your government is reaching out and they want to hear from the people then again it's up to us to make sure that we speak back and I think it's nice that they are listening to people so it really gives you the assurance that they are listening to their citizens out there.


Stevenson gets the 88-51 win over Clark's summit in the first night of the Buffalo Wild Wings Classic. Glenn Clark here with Coach Gary Stewart. Coach, you guys came out, made a statement early, and sort of outside of a sort of short stretch there late in the first half, you really never let up. I think you have to be pleased with your effort. Yeah, I am. We had to clean up a lot of things and credit our guys. We guard the ball better tonight. And I thought we had much more energy and much more focus play through their run in the first half. Got a huge basket from Marlon at the end of the half to close the half out. And the first one's a tough one to get, so I'm proud of our guys. You mentioned Marlon. He was kind of a highlight machine between that bomb at the end of the first half and then his sort of flying tip in there in the second half. Pretty fun night for him. It was. And we needed everything that he brought. Obviously, I'm not playing with Evan. Johnny was excellent too. I thought those two guys against full court pressure for 40 minutes handled themselves well. We talked last week about Mark getting off to a good start but then getting into foul trouble. And what could have been if he had been able to avoid the foul trouble? Well, is that the example that we saw tonight of what could have been and what we think could be coming for Mark every night if he doesn't end up in foul trouble? No question. He's a load down there. And we did a good job of getting in the ball and he got some great deep position. You'll probably tell you that those three jumpers that he missed are shots he should have made too. But he's a guy that you have to account for in every position. And he's going to get to the point where he commands a double team. So our guys are going to get to play against Aaron. And when that happens, I think we'll take off offensively. And then the guys that get in in the second half, and I guess we'll start with Bo Wesley, who ended up getting 10 points off the bench. But all of those guys that get those first moments in their career to get on the floor and to contribute that way, I know that feels good for everybody. But it's really important because you might be counting on some of those guys as the year goes along. It is. They're critical minutes. And it's tough for a guy that's used to playing in high school and used to starting. And now, all of a sudden, you're sitting over there for 25 or 30 minutes and your name's called. And you're expected to play well. And certainly, at their first game collegiately, I thought they all did well. Now, you have a quick turnaround for a game tomorrow afternoon at 4 o'clock against Nephew Florentine that looked good tonight. They did. They did. We'll have our hands full. They executed, they spread you out. They're pretty aggressive on the interior. And they can create some problems because of their space. They've got four guys. They all can make a shot. They can put the ball on the floor. So they're going to be difficult guard. We're looking forward to it. Coach, congratulations on a great first win and a great first night of a great event. Thank you, Glenn. Coach Gary Stewart, I'm Glenn Clark. This is GoMustangSports.com.


The purpose of the video is to provide small water systems with an introduction to the use of an ion exchange as an arsenic removal technology. Ion exchange has been identified as a best available technology for removing arsenic from drinking water with low sulfate concentrations. Ion exchange is a treatment process that uses synthetic resin that exchange an ion for an unwanted ion in water. Many people are familiar with this process because it is often used in homes to remove hardness from water. In order to accomplish the exchange reaction, a packed bed of ion exchange resin bead is used and raw water is continuously passed through the resin bed until the resin is near exhaustion. If the resin is operated beyond exhaustion, breakthrough of the unwanted ion or ions will occur. When using ion exchange for arsenic removal an anion exchange resin is used whereby negatively charged arsenic five ions are exchanged for chloride ions of the virgin resin. The exchange process is reversed by flushing the resin with a concentrated sodium chloride brine solution. This causes the resin to release the arsenic five and other anions by replacing them with chloride from the brine and prepares the resin for reuse. It is important to remember that only the oxidized form of arsenic arsenic five can be removed using an ion exchange process. The process is not effective for the removal of arsenic three. Equally important is the fact that most resins preferentially remove sulfate over arsenic and nitrate. The resin loads from the top downward with the flow of raw water. As the resin bed becomes exhausted sulfate forces the arsenic and nitrate deeper into the bed. The treatment process must be stopped for regeneration of the resin prior to full exhaustion or the sulfate can force nitrate and arsenic to be discharged into the finished water at concentrations much higher than in the raw water. This phenomenon known as chromatographic peaking can cause health risks particularly so for nitrate which is an acute contaminant. Because the water contains orders of magnitude more sulfate and nitrate than arsenic the frequency of regeneration is dictated by the sulfate and nitrate concentrations. Ion exchange is being used at one of EPA's arsenic treatment technology demonstration sites located in Fruitland, Idaho. The treatment equipment and resin at this installation have been provided by Connecticut. The raw water is produced by a single well capable of up to 200 gallons per minute. The water contains about 35 micrograms per liter arsenic, 51 milligrams per liter sulfate from 12 to 15 milligrams per liter nitrate and has a pH of about 7.3. Here in Fruitland all of our water comes from groundwater sources and each well will be above the new regulations that go into effect in January. Most of our arsenic ranges from 20 parts per billion to about 38 parts per billion and some of our wells are fairly low in nitrate but over 50 percent of the wells are high in what I call borderline nitrates. They'll be anywhere from six milligrams per liter to nine milligrams per liter. The treatment process consists of a battery of 25 micron bag filters to remove sand or other sediment, two skid-mounted ion exchange vessels and brine production and storage facilities for regeneration of the resin. The groundwater at Fruitland contains primarily the oxidized form of arsenic, arsenic 5. Therefore pretreatment with an oxidant is not necessary although some states might require chlorination of the treated water to ensure microbial quality. Fruitland selected the ion exchange because in addition to arsenic 5 it also removes nitrate which is present at levels above the maximum contaminant level. Probably we most likely have to use ion exchange because of the borderline nitrates. We don't want to put a capital expense into removing arsenic and then find out six months or one year later that that borderline nitrate has elevated and exceeded the 10 milligrams per liter and therefore have to shut the water source down. After passing through the bag filters the raw water stream is split equally to flow from top to bottom half through each resin-filled vessel. This is called a parallel configuration and then and the arsenic and the nitrate stick to the resin come out the bottom and away they go and then then in a regeneration it also feeds from top to bottom. Since the raw water concentrations of sulfate arsenic and nitrate are relatively stable the process is predictable and has been adjusted such that regeneration of each vessel occurs after treatment of 335,000 gallons of water. When regeneration is called for a portion of the raw water flow for one vessel is diverted through a venturi that pulls in a concentrated brine solution to be mixed with the remainder of the water and then pass through the resin. Chloride ions from the brine replace the sulfate arsenic and nitrate attached to the exhausted resin. Salt for regeneration is stored in this 19 ton container that is filled to the 6 foot mark with water to ensure a constant supply of brine. There's a water level from the bottom of the top it's right about oh right in here somewhere it's about six foot six foot one it'll vary from six one to five seven on any given day. When you go into a regeneration this this valve will kick open off a timer from the computer it'll fill this up to the demand need and that's how you get your salt saturation brine for the regeneration. The City of Fruitland uses from 6,000 to 8,000 pounds of NSF approved salt per week at a delivered cost of about 10 cents per pound. The waste brine containing the arsenic and the rinse water is discharged to a floor drain from which it is transferred to the sanitary sewer. Waste brine produced by the ion exchange process may contain enough arsenic to be considered hazardous therefore ion exchange is often more cost effective when the brine can be discharged to a sanitary sewer. Ion exchange is also used for arsenic removal at Rimrock, Arizona. This system is a proprietary and ion exchange process provided by basin water. The treatment vessels pumps controls etc are delivered to a prepared site in a shipping container that contains several vessels operated in parallel. The basin water system has been used at numerous locations for nitrate removal and is now being used for arsenic removal. Arizona Water Company has selected basins ion exchange for several sites because it was found through a bidding process to be the most cost effective technology. Typically all but three vessels are in production. One vessel is in standby mode, one in the process of regeneration and one offline for regeneration. It goes offline when it regenerates. We at any given time several of the beds will be out up to three will be out in some sort of regeneration step but the remaining beds in this case we would have seven remaining online treating. So as a bed regenerates we don't have any reduction in capacity for the unit. The unit continues to operate. One advantage of multiple vessels is that a more constant flow of finished water can be produced. The two vessel system at Fruitland loses 50% of its production for nearly five hours during regeneration. Since an ion exchange also removes bicarbonate alkalinity the multiple vessels stage regeneration approach provides finished water with a more stable pH and alkalinity. This can be important for lead and copper control. This system is controlled by a computerized system that can be accessed remotely. It reuses brine three times and uses rinse water for brine production therefore reportedly produces a lesser quantity of waste. In some locations the waste brine is passed through absorptive media that will remove the arsenic. We have our absorptive media in here. We circulate the waste brine solution across this media and the arsenic then attaches to the media in here and now we have a brine solution which is low in arsenic. The arsenic is left behind in these drums and at that point the waste brine is then transferred to the waste tanks outside for disposal. That media typically passes the toxicity characteristics leaching potential test. The treated brine is then hauled away for disposal. In summary ion exchange may be a suitable arsenic removal technology for some small systems. It has the advantage of being able to remove other contaminants including nitrate and uses a relatively short empty bed contact time. However chromatographic peaking is a potential risk and large volumes of brine waste are produced. For more information on these and other EPA arsenic treatment technology demonstration sites you can visit EPA's website at the address shown on the screen.