I chose to complete an apprenticeship in sheet metal fabrication as I found it as a way to avoid debt and maintain working well I was going to school. I believe my apprenticeship will set me up for success as I have sought out employers that use computer aided drafting, CNC technologies, lasers and water jets as I see that as the future of my industry and I wish to future proof my skills against that.


Hello, this is Laptop Media, and today, we will show you how to open the Dell Vostro 15 3510 and what's inside of it. To take this laptop apart, you need to undo 9 Philips head screws. The 2 in the back edges are captive and lift the bottom panel so you can start the prying process from there. Please remember, it would be of great help to us if you just hit the like button and subscribe to our channel. That would motivate us to make even more and better videos for you. In terms of battery, you get 2 options. One with 41 Watt hours capacity, and one with 54 Watt hours. We got the smaller unit, and it lasted us for 7 hours of web browsing, or 6 hours and 30 minutes of video playback. To take it out, you need to unplug the battery connector and undo all 3 Philips head screws that hold it in place. As you can see, there are 2 Sodom slots for memory upgrades. Storage wise, you get 1 M.2 PCI EX4 slot, as well as a 2.5 inch SATA drive bay. However, if your laptop is equipped with the larger battery pack, the HDD bay will be blocked. As for the cooling, you get 1 heat pipe, shared between the CPU and the GPU, which ends up in a rather small heatsink. The graphics memory and the VRMs are not being cooled. If you'd like to see more disassembly videos of the latest notebooks we would highly appreciate if you hit the like button and subscribe to the channel.


The Jack Benny program presented by Lucky Strike.  As I won't sing, don't rave me, my voice I'll raise to sing in praise of LSMFT. And you'll praise Lucky's because Lucky's taste better than any other cigarette. Seek and take this tip, my friend, for better taste that's mild and rich. Try Lucky's perfect plan. No doubt about it, Lucky's taste better than any other cigarette. Be happy, go Lucky, be happy, go Lucky Strike, be happy, go Lucky, go Lucky Strike today. Friends, when we say Lucky's taste better than any other cigarette, we mean just that. Not just as good, but better. For Lucky's always give you perfect mildness and rich, true tobacco taste. A happy blending that fine tobacco and only fine tobacco can give. And LSMFT, Lucky Strike means fine tobacco. That's important because a recent 38 city survey shows that millions of smokers are not happy with their present brand. Now those smokers and any smoker who's the least bit discontented should switch to Lucky Strike.  Be happy, go Lucky, go Lucky Strike today. Remember, Lucky's taste better than any other cigarette. The Lucky Strike program starring Jack Benny with Mary Livingston, Phil Harris, Rochester, Dentist Day, and yours, Curly Donald. Ladies and gentlemen, as you all know, Jack Benny has been in bed with a touch of the flu. So yesterday, I decided to drop by and keep him company. Matter of fact, I read to him for hours. Most human tenderness, the rolling waves of the Pacific cast the tiny life raft upon the gleaming white sands of the tropical island. Just a second, Don. Oh, what is it, Jack? Would you please fluff my pillow for me? Oh, sure. Thanks. Now continue reading, Don. Realizing that their arduous trip was finally over, Burt lifted Anne out of the raft and carried her to a little clearing among the swaying palm trees. Her clothes were meager and tattered, doing little more than to conceal her wealth of feminine charms. As he reached the clearing, she opened her eyes and without a word being said, she realized she was safe in his arms. Her eyes showed gratitude, admiration, and love. She reached up and pulled his head down until his lips touched hers in a flaming, passionate kiss. Mmm. 39, he says. Well, I'm going to finish it anyway. It was months before the rescue ship arrived and during that time they spent their days exploring the island. It was a tropical paradise covered with coconut palms, breadfruit, and banana trees. One morning, while at the north end of the island, they discovered a cave the sea had hollowed out. Timidly they entered and when their eyes became accustomed to the darkness, they were amazed to find running through one of the walls a vein of solid gold. What'd you say, Don? Don, what'd you say, Don? Well, Jack, you fell asleep. Oh, oh, I'm sorry, Don. See, your voice was so soothing that... Hello, boss, how are you feeling? I'm fine, I'm fine. I don't know why I have to stay in bed anyway. Well, Jack, you better follow the doctor's orders. But I've been in bed for two weeks. Look at all the fun I've missed. The Chicago Cub Spring Training at Wrigley Field, the golf tournament at Hillcrest, Jane Wyman's formal dinner party last Wednesday. Of course, I probably wouldn't have gone to Janey's party anyway. Why not? He wasn't invited. I was too. The second time I called her, she said it was all right. She's a sweet kid. Boss, it's time for you to take your medicine. I have it here. Oh, pills, pills, pills.  Here's your aspirin. And here's your oil, myasin. And your four-way cold tablet. And your vitamin pills. And here, take this. Hey, wait a minute. What was that last thing you made me swallow? A peach pit.  Oh, stop with that. Has the mail come yet? I'll go see. You know, Don, I'm so tired and bored of staying here in bed. What day is this, anyway? Well, Saturday, March 17th. Oh, yes, St. Patrick's Day. Yeah, oh, which reminds me, Jack, did you hear the one about the Irish girl who was so happy because her boyfriend gave her an engagement ring with a fake diamond? Why would she be happy to get a fake diamond? Because it was St. Patrick's Day and she was glad to get a sham rock. Don. Don, vitamin bath. Don, control yourself. You're shaking the room. Don, stop. Now, Don, stop, or I'll tell everyone it was you who got stuck on the freeway and held up 50,000 cars. Now, watch it. All right. You want me to finish reading the book? No, I don't think so. Turn on the radio. I want to hear the news. Okay. Appropriate music in honor of St. Patrick's Day. Oh, my name is McNamara. I'm the leader of the band. Hey, that's Dennis. Oh, we're fewer numbers. We're the finest in the land. We play at wakes and weddings and at every fancy ball. Don, I want to hear the news. Get another stage. I want the news. I want the news. I'll be marching along in the big parade on St. Patrick's Day. I'll be up to me next on the station, too. Hey, Dennis, it's on the station, too. March along the way. Don, try and get the news, will you? Okay. I want the news. Shake hands with all the neighbors and kiss the colleagues. They're playing his records on every station. There came Rannigan, Flannigan, Milligan, Gilligan, Duffy McCuffin, Malacca, Mahon, Rafferty, Lafferty, Donnelly, Connelly, Julio, Julio. Don, try and get the news. Okay. I get the news. Try another station. Will you? Try another station. Well, at least he's singing my theme song now. Oh, no. That silly kid. I just wanted to hear the news. What is it, Rochester? The mail just came. Good, good. Here's a letter in a pink envelope with a lady's handwriting. Oh, that's probably a Get Well card from my girlfriend, Gloria. Hand it to me, Rochester. Let me smell the envelope. Here you are, boys. Let's see. Yep, that's from Gloria, all right. Perfume? No hamburger. She works in a drive-in. Ground-round Gloria, they call her. You know, she can chop onions faster. Get that. Will you please, Rochester? Yes, sir. Hello, Mr. Benny's residence. Hello, Rochester. How's Moan and Lowell? Oh, the boss is all right, but he's still in bed. I thought he got up Thursday. He did, but he had a relapse. Relapse? What happened? He looked at the calendar, saw it was income tax day, and I caught him just before he hit the floor. Well, put him on the phone. That's what I want to talk to him about. Okay. This for you, boss. Hello. Hiya, Jackson. How you feel? A lot. You care. You didn't even come over to visit me. Well, I wanted to come over, but since you're sick, I thought your house might be guaranteed. That's quarantine. Guaranteed. A natural mistake for a chap who celebrated his 21st birthday in a second grade. Yeah, yeah.  Well, it's about my income tax. I've been at him Thursday, but I don't know if I made it outright. What do you mean you don't know? Did you list your dependents? Yeah, I got them all, including the two kids and Remly. Remly? You listed Frankie as a dependent? Certainly. But Phil, a dependent is someone you support who doesn't do anything. Remly is in your band.  Yeah, and he's getting self-conscious about it. A couple of weeks ago after the show, he came to me and he said, hey, Curly, I want people to think I'm playing this guitar. Will you please buy me a bowl for it? Well, let's forget about empty. Is there anything else? No, so long, Jackson. Look, I'll drop over and see you one of these days. Thanks, Phil, so long. Oh, wait a minute. Look, I've been meaning to ask you, will it be all right if Bagby, my piano player, misses Sunday's show? What's the matter? Is he sick, too? No, but he just received word that his uncle died. Oh, that's too bad. Is Bagby taking it hard? Yeah, he's in deep mourning.  Such devotion, goodbye, Phil. So long, Jackson. Now, let's see. Rochester, where's the mail? There it is on the bed, and here's the latest Collier's Magazine. Collier's? Yeah, the one that has that article about you. Oh, yes, the one I wrote myself. Let's see. Yeah, they even have it mentioned right on the cover. From Vodio to Video via Radio by Jack Benny. Here it is. And gee, look at that swell picture of me in color. Oh, wait a minute, Jack, did you write that article in Collier's? Uh-huh. All by yourself? Without your writers? Certainly, I wouldn't trust my writers with an important article like this. They always try to make everything funny. But Jack, they must have some serious moments. Never. Last week, one of them made out his will and it was so good he sold it to Red Skelton. Not only that, one of them wrote a letter to his wife. Hello, Mr. Benny. Oh, hello, Dennis. I'm glad you dropped by. Oh, I just thought I'd come over and cheer you up. Well, thanks. You need cheering up.  Look, Dennis. Dennis, what's the matter with you?  I shouldn't? No, you're supposed to tell them that they're looking well and that they ought to be up soon. Oh, gee, Mr. Benny, you look great. Hmm.  Thanks. If you don't get up soon, you won't get up at all. Now, Jack, Jack, don't get aggravated. You'll make yourself sick again. Oh, maybe you're right. By the way, Dennis, a little while ago, we were listening to the radio and we heard them playing your records on all the different stations. Oh, those weren't records, Don. That was me in person. In person? Uh-huh.  How could you get from one station to another so fast? I'd drink catechol. Now, look, Dennis. Dennis, listen to me. Look, I'm sick. Eleven years ago, when you were just a kid, I discovered you. Yes, sir. I had faith in you and thought you'd go places. Yes, sir. I introduced you to my sponsor and he thought you'd go places too. Uh-huh. I put you on my radio program and the critics heard you and they said you'd go places. Now, for heaven's sakes, go already. All right, I'll go, but that's a fine way to treat a fellow who came over to cheer you up. I'm cheered. I'm cheered. I don't have to stay here. You know, I can go and sing Irish songs on the radio. I know. I know. Just go. Yes, sir. That kid drives me nuts. Say, Don, it's exactly noon. Maybe we can get the 12 o'clock news. Turn on the radio, will you? Okay. Here came Ranagan, Flanagan, Milligan, Gilligan, Duffin, McCuffin, Lacquer, Mahon. How does he do it? How? It's 12 o'clock. Now, there must be some station that has the news. Here, let me try it. Help me sit up, Don. Okay. Here you are, Jack. Thanks. We might get it on this station. And in Washington today, this concludes our midday edition of the news. Oh, Doneth. And now we'll continue with our recorded program. The one and only Cindy Lou will give her interpretation of My Heart Cries for You. Don, did you try the CBS station? Oh, no, I didn't, Jack. I'll turn on that one. Today at this time, we bring you a special attraction. And today in this featured spot, we have the Sportsman Quartet. Don, the Sportsman, my quartet. They would like to dedicate their number to their boss, Jack Benny, who for the past 10 days has been sick and bad. Oh, isn't that sweet. Take it, fellows. They didn't over 30, said he shows a million who are not. Then we say that it is time for you to switch to mild and very tasty lucky strike. It would be sacred that you love. Don, wasn't that nice of the boys to dedicate that song to me? It certainly was, Jack. Say, boss, the nurse will be here pretty soon. Nurse? What nurse? The doctor called and said he sent him one over. Oh, fine. Now that I'm better, he sends over a nurse. In the meantime, you better take your medicine. Wait a minute, Racha, are you sure you got the right bottle? Oh, sure, boss. The druggist typed your name on the label. He wrote, this medicine is for Jack Benny, star of stage, screen, radio and television, two weeks from now if I mix the prescription right. Well, I don't care if he mixed it right or not. I'm not taking any more medicine. In fact, I'm well enough, right? Yoo-hoo. Oh, Mr. Kitzel. Oh, no, Mr. Wilson. It's nice to see you out from the freeway. Gee, I thought I made up a joke. Well, Mr. Kitzel, it's really good of you to drop in and pay me a visit. Well, Mr. Benny, I came here not only to cheer you up, but my wife sent you this bowl of homemade soup. See? Oh, I'd say that looks wonderful. What's in it? What's in it? Carrots is in it, peas is in it, string beans is in it, a pound of tomatoes is in it, a cup of barley, some chives, onion, potatoes, and one mozzarella is in it. A mozzarella? In the shape of a shamrock in honor of St. Patrick's. Look, a green matzo ball. Isn't it? Just take a sample of this soup, Mr. Benny. You never tasted anything so delicious. Okay. You look better already. That is good soup, Mr. Kitzel. But all the ingredients you mentioned were vegetables. Yet I thought there was a slight flavor of meat in there. That's because for two hours, my wife was stirring it with a shamrock. What? She's from the south, you know. No. She'll know. Mr. Benny, I got to be running along now. I hope you'll all be well soon. Well, thank you, Mr. Kitzel, and thanks very much for the soup. Oh, you're welcome. Goodbye. Goodbye, Mr. Kitzel. Goodbye, gentlemen. You know, Don, that was so nice of Mr. Kitzel. Don, what are you doing with that radio? Well, Jack, I know how anxious you are to hear the news, so I'm trying to get it. Oh. I'm from the Mojave Desert. In the coastal areas with a high of 80 degrees being expected. Those who live in Oregon... if you're in Northern California, you make Southern California, the low will be 52 and... One is a little news, and I keep getting... You want me to get that, Jack? No, no, I can reach the phone. Hello? Oh, hello, Mary. How are you feeling? That's good. Yes, I'm getting along much better. My picture and cow ears? Sure, I saw it. You're right, Mary. They really did play up my blue eyes. But I think they overdid it. Two would have been enough. Well, Mary, I'm glad you called. Is there anything you need? Anything you want? Anything I can do for you? Just name it. What? Of course you don't get paid when you're off. And you can stop that coughing. Well, look, Mary, I... Jack, let me talk to Mary. She hung up when I told her she doesn't get paid. I can't understand... Oh, boss, the nurse is here. Oh, all right, show her in. Watch this, Don. I'll use a little flattery and she'll let me get out of bed. Here's your nurse, boss. Well, well, well. A man certainly is lucky to get a nurse as pretty as you. Hmm, they didn't tell me this was a mental case. Look, nurse, I was just trying to be nice. Nice or not?  But, nurse...  It's open. It's open. Wider. Ah. Wider. Why do I have to open my mouth so wide? I've forgotten the thermometer, so I took this one off the wall. Well, you can put it back. I'm getting out of bed. Oh, boss, the doctor is here. Well, thank heaven. Show him in. This way, doctor. Yeah, patient today. Wait a minute. You're not my regular doctor. No, Dr. Christian couldn't come. He had a rehearsal. Now, look, doctor, I feel perfectly all right. I want to get up. Yes, yes, by all means. I think it'll do you a lot of good. But, doctor, you can't let him up. Look at his face. I wouldn't worry about that. It's spring. Everything is turning green. Now, look, doctor... On second thought, it may be safer if I give you an examination. At first, I'll listen to your heart.  My pajama top? Yes. Here, I'll help you off with it. Doctor! Well, a cop to a chance. Hmm. It looks so comfortable. Doctor, stop sitting on me. Now, doctor... Now, look, doctor, I am almost well. Why don't you just give me a shot of penicillin, and I'll be okay. A shot of what? Penicillin. What's that? What do you mean, what's that? It's one of those new wonder drugs, like, or a myosin. Or a what? Myosin. For heaven's sake, doctor, what collards did you go to, anyway? He just asked me for a haircut, and you'll find out. What? Scissors. Scissors. Cold. Tonic. Get out of here, both of you. Do you hear me?  I don't know who sent those people, anyway.  Boss, boss, don't excite yourself. I can't help it. Now, I'm so upset, I don't know what to do. Well, Jack, would you like me to finish reading that book? No, no, turn on the radio. I still haven't heard the news. What station? I don't know. Try any station. Okay. Ladies and gentlemen, the very best Easter gift of all is the support you give through eastern seals, to children who need your help. These seals provide medical care, nursery centers, and many other things that are needed. So, give and give generously to the Easter Seal Agency in your community, or send your contributions to Cripple Children, box 779, Chicago, Illinois. Thank you. Thank you, Dr. Mama. And now let's join a St. Patrick's Day parade. St. Patrick's Day, we sing and dance and greet each other gaily and reach for a milder lucky strike instead of a shillily. I always reach for luckies, cause luckies taste better than any other cigarette. The shamrock is a sign of luck, and so is lucky strike. For every puff brings better taste to guy and gal alike. Sure, luckies taste better than any other cigarette.  Yes, be happy, go lucky, because luckies taste better than any other cigarette. Now, that is a fact. For fine tobacco and only fine tobacco always gives you that perfect combination of real mildness and rich taste. And LSMFT, lucky strike, means fine tobacco. So if for any reason, you are not completely happy with your present cigarette. If it's too mild or too strong, switch to lucky strike for complete smoking enjoyment. You'll get mildness, smoothness and taste. All in one great cigarette, lucky strike. You'll agree, luckies taste better than any other cigarette. So be happy, go lucky, make your next carton, lucky strike. Be happy, go lucky, go lucky strike today. Remember, luckies taste better than any other cigarette. As the rescue ship slowly sailed from the island, Bert and then Valerie looked back toward... Excuse me, Don. Hello? What's that operator? A transatlantic call from London, England? Put him on. Hello? Been doing a lot of sightseeing. That's wonderful. You're coming back on the Queen Elizabeth? Oh, you'll love that. It certainly sounds like you're having a wonderful time. Goodbye. Now, Don, continue reading. Jack, I don't mean to be inquisitive, but that call you just got from London. Who was it? It was a wrong number, Don. Continue... Continue reading. Now, wait a minute, Jack. If it was a wrong number, why did you take the call? How often can you talk to London for nothing? You know... Jack, if you weren't sick, I'd punch you right in the nose. Read the book. Will you read the book? Set to send your contributions to Cripple Children, Box 779, Chicago, Illinois.


Hey, this is Brett and this 2023 Chrysler Pacifica Touring L All-Wheel Drive is stock number 23C37A. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin near new and used Pacifica and Minivan headquarters. This 2023 Chrysler Pacifica Touring L has the 3.6-liter Pentastar V6 engine. It's paired up with a nine speed automatic transmission. This Pacifica has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop. It has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off and this fan is 100% ready to go. Ultra clean all the way around nicely loaded up. It has the safety sphere and the panoramic sunroof and I'm gonna go all the way around in this video. Inside started up. Take a look under the hood, show you all the options and give you the most accurate representation that I can of the vehicle. Bright white clear coat is the color. I shoot all my videos in 4K. If you like the video subscribe to the YouTube channel. Click the bell notifications. You'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day. As well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle and Minivan walk-arounds on YouTube and stay current on our ever-changing and vast Pacifica inventory here at Summit Automotive. This one comes with the painted 18-inch alloy wheels. They're in fantastic condition and it has Pirelli P0 24560 R18 tires. These tires have probably about 85-90% of the tread left on them. Very low miles on this van. Front fender is in excellent condition. You get the LED headlamps, running lights on there as well as the LED fog lamps. I'll turn all those on at the end of the video so you can see just how bright they are. Front bumper is absolutely perfect. No dents or dings or scuffs or scrapes on there. And the hood is in excellent shape as well. No major dents or dings on there. Passengers side front fender looks really good as does the passenger side front wheel. And as you go down this side of this 2023 Chrysler Pacifica take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. I take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle you can see the van here in the van and have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision let your salesman know that you saw the video that it was helpful and that Brett sent you and then I can keep doing these videos for our great customers all over the United States each and every day. Back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. Four wheel disc brakes on the Pacifica as well. Coming around to the back rear bumper and hatch are absolutely perfect as well. Back up parking sensors you get the LED tail lamps that go all the way across on there. This is a power lift gate. You can see that is working nicely. Back storage area is very nice and clean. These seats are a manual fold down so you just have to follow the numbers basically do one then two. They fold right into the back and you can see just how nice and flat they go. That side does that as well and it goes down like that and you're all set to go. But you can see just how nice and clean everything is back here. Get this gate down press that button it will beep at you three times and then begin its descent. Coming around to the driver's side just as clean as that passenger side. No major denser dings in the rear quarter or door and for full disclosure this back wheel just as nice as the rest. You do get the capitalist fuel fill which is a really nice feature.  Doors look really good. No dents, no dings. Does have blind spot monitoring, heated mirrors, built-in directional signals. This one also has the 360 camera on it and that's all part of the safety sphere package. Power sliding doors on both sides or power sliding door on both sides. The second row quad seats. No rips, no tears on those seats. They're in really nice shape. This one does have the sunshade for the sides which is a pretty nice feature to have especially if you have kids. I wish my van had that and then to get these seats down there's the stow and go assist button right here. Press that it'll move that seat up to where it's supposed to go and then these fold up like that and to get these into the floor you have to pull the stow and go strap and I'll put those seats right down. So even with the all-wheel drive system on this van you can still get the stow and go. I find this best just to kneel on that to get that completely down but you can see all the room that you get. Once that is down and once you have the third row seats down you have a nice flat area. You can even fit four by eight sheets of plywood back here. Third row seats excellent conditional rips or tears on there and to get these seats out just as easy put that up like so grab the stow and go strap again it'll release everything put it right back up into place and you are all set to go now that you stowed. Press the button that seat will go right back to where it's supposed to go and then to press this button to get that door closed and you can see everything's working really nicely. Also there are rear air controls right up there. Up front the touring owl package gives you the black leatherette bucket seats with the captain's armrests no rips no tears on these seats there in very nice condition power driver's seat with lumbar factory floor mats auto headlamps tilt telescopic steering wheel power windows locks and mirrors and you do get a memory driver's seat hop inside check out the miles radio and everything that this one has to offer on the interior. So you get these seven inch LCD display and you can see this van only has five thousand four hundred and 18 miles on it instrument cluster is very nice and clean on that seven inch LCD display and you get the leather wrapped steering wheel on the right you have cruise controls adaptive cruise controls which are part of that safety spear spear package bluetooth information center controls on the left audio controls on the back of the steering wheel. This one has the Uconnect 10.1 inch Uconnect 5 radio you get AM FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities as well as Bluetooth USB Augs as well you have your climate controls here which they're off right now so I wonder if I can turn those on. There you go your dual climate controls your heated seats heated steering wheel controls on there as well many of all your different apps on here I'm not gonna go through everything but a lot of this stuff is just links to different parts of the radio there's your heated seats heated steering wheel Android Auto Apple CarPlay you can project your cell phone to the screen I believe you can do it wirelessly there's your surround view camera which we'll check out in just a second and then all your other stuff right there so here's the surround view cam which you can see all the way around you can do the backup cam wide the front view cam wide the front view cam narrow and then of course the backup cam full and you can zoom in on the back there if you had a receiver hitch on this van you could get hooked up to your motor camper or trailer. Nine-speed automatic transmission electronic parking brake this is your perpendicular and parallel park assist so the van will actually park itself it's pretty cool system parking sensors lane departure warning start-stop capabilities and stability control down here your more tactile volume tune and climate controls and two USBs two USB C's and an aux jack you get a nice coin holder storage area right there more storage down there 12 volt power point two cup holders keyless entry remote start power lift gate power side doors and the passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition this van has never been smoked in smells very clean inside and you get the panoramic second-row fixed glass power sunroof in front that is a very nice feature to have map lights up there and this is a manual dimming mirror you get your power sunshade and power sunroof controls there as well also the sunglass holder and the spyglass right there see what's going on the back let's start it up take a look into the hood and check out all those LED lights in the front you can see also get an outside temperature display on there starts right up no check engine lights or anything like that I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality condition options and of course cleanliness of this van all the way around inside and out I didn't see one single flaw with this van this thing's basically like new just about as nice as a used vehicle that you can buy under the hood we have the 3.6 liter v6 engine and should be is very clean runs very smooth once again this van has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off there is the emission sticker this thing is like new I would highly recommend it from a quality and condition standpoint I would ship this one anywhere California Texas New York Florida I'd sell it to a family member I buy it myself it is that nice and see more pictures of this van or one of other 550 new news cars trucks SUVs minivans Wranglers you name it we got to go to the website right there summit auto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle all at summit auto.com and if you want to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto click the bell notifications get updates in the videos I do each and every day as well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walk-arounds on YouTube and stay current on our ever changing and vast minivan inventory so you do not miss out on gems like this one in fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel the upper left a link to all the Pacifica videos I've ever done in the upper right link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in lower right click those check us out we're super excited to help you with this ultra clean 2023 Chrysler Pacifica tour now with the safety sphere and panoramic sunroof in bright white clear coat thank you so much for checking out the video remember to like subscribe and share on the YouTube channel I really appreciate it thanks again have a great day


Hey everybody! We're here today to talk about energy, and I'm pretty sure that if we did a little study on how I start every lecture, we would discover that I announce at the beginning of every lecture, this is the favorite topic that I have. This is my favorite topic to lecture on. I can't help it even though I know that that is what I say about every topic. I love talking about energy. So we're going to spend an entire lecture today talking about this concept. Now, it might, we might be like, dude, energy, like how complicated can it be? And I'll tell you right now that you're probably going to want to take a physics class or maybe a physics class and a chemistry class in order to really get your head around energy and all the different kinds of energies and all the rules around energy. But we're spending an entire lecture today so that you don't have to do that to appreciate how energy works in biological systems. We're going to lay a foundation today that's critical to our next two lectures where we're going to talk about cellular mechanisms, things that happen inside cells to produce energy in living systems. So today, so we basically have a three lecture series on on energy in cells. I looked for a different picture to introduce our lecture today and I don't, I don't have any other picture that is such a lovely quintessential expression of energy.  If anybody thinks I have a lot of energy, my brother has about eight times as much energy as I have. He's a very entertaining human and this leap over the top of her head was unscripted. His wedding was very scripted. It was in a theater. It was like it had parts and acts and skits and songs and it was like a super creative, entertaining, high-energy event.  The one thing that he was thinking about at the time that he leapt over her head is, oh gosh I hope my pants don't rip. His pants didn't rip. I'm very curious. This wedding was in, I think 2009. It's 2023. I'm super curious. Could he still pull this off? I guarantee my 2009 body can't do my 2023 body. Can't do the things that my 2009 body used to be able to do, but my brother's a whole nother story of athletic prowess and energy. So I think that they, their anniversary is coming up here. I think we should have a redo and see like does he still have this kind of energy? Does he still have those haps? I don't know. Before we begin, let's get a definition of what energy is so that we have a starting point. And I am just going to apologize in advance for the fact that our definition is not super helpful, which is one of the reasons why we're going to spend an entire lecture like chewing on this and figuring it out. Energy is the ability to do work. And I guess like seriously? Like what? Come on now. It's the ability to do work. That seems so random and so weird to me. And it's, I think it's important to accept that that's how we know if there was energy involved in some scenario. It was there a capacity to do work. I think we also need a definition of work because, dude, what even is that? Like, yes, we have a sense. I washed a floor today, which is a small miracle that I did something like that. I consider that work. Does, how does that relate to energy? Well, work is basically it's a equation where it's force times distance. So work happens. I'm just going to write work on here as well. Work happens when you apply a force to something and you move something a distance. The amount of work is related to the size of the force and the distance that something is moved. And it takes energy to do that. So if you do work on something, you move something, you apply a force and you move it, then there was energy involved. Like I said, we're going to spend the entire lecture hashing that out because if you hear that explanation and you're like, okay, yeah, cool. You have an amazing brain that is like super mathematical and physics-ish and you're super lucky because for me, it takes way more for that to become intuitive. The first thing that we're going to talk about is the different kinds of energy. And I think that that will start to help you visualize this actual definition a little better.


Always remember, folks, whatever you think about, you bring about whatever you focus on grows. Hope everyone's having a great day, safe day. And as we're all traveling out here, if you're traveling, please be safe, folks. No drinking, no driving. Have a lot of fun out here. Always do your best. And this is all, I love this card. And this is a great card to kick into the whole weekend, kick into Christmas, New Year's, whatever celebration you're celebrating. I wish you had, have an awesome one, folks, okay? Doing your best means to take action on your ideas. Many great ideas, you can have many great ideas in your head, but without action. Upon an idea, let me know manifestation, no results, and no reward. Not good-wise, let's take a look at it out here. We have the Dow Industries up 277, Nasdaq's up 141, S&Ps are up 38, gold contract up $8, trade at 1810, silver up 13 cents, $22.93 an ounce, light sweet crude up a buck, $73.80 a barrel, notes and bonds. The 10-year note, down 7 ticks, trade in 130, 16. The 30 year off 26, down 26, at 160, 18, and king dollar. King dollar's down 51 ticks, trading out here at a price point of 96.025. The euro is at 113, the yen's at 114.45, the British pound's at 134 to one US dollar. Our phone number's<PHONE_NUMBER>. Give us a call, folks. One note's going on in your world. In the world of the S&Ps, let's take a look at them. And there's no doubt, if you just heard the update, this is a classic, man. Now, that being said, when I say a classic, what I'm saying specifically is this, that we've been talking about this consolidation that I think that we're in. You know, we came down hard in the S&P, turned right around. We're going up tremendously lighter volume. It hasn't hit the high yet. My take is it's gonna hit the high. And my take also, folks, this is where this gets really turkey, man. When this gets too easy, this is my own perception right now, that the volume is contracted so dramatically, I'm saying to myself, you know what, man? Anyone that really does present volume, this is almost too easy, man.  So what you're hearing off of me is that if you're gonna sell this after it's testing, just be patient because it's almost looking to me that what we'll probably end up doing is this. Because what happens is this, you know, when you've seen all these different markets, like, you know, we talk about this a lot. I can definitely teach, you know, the out of time in the trade, price and volume, the different technical setups that are there. You gotta remember we're in the probability business. What you can't teach is that you've seen these different types of setups. And so what happens is that when you do see these different types of setup over the course of years, it helps. The reason it helps is that you just get more familiar with them. And it doesn't mean that you're gonna be right on what you're thinking, but it is a lot easier.  That's the bottom line. My take right now, it's gonna hit the high and I think where my head's really going, I think you're gonna spike the high in a big way. So what that means is this. A spike, let's say next week you can start going sideways a bit. I think they're gonna run this more than likely right into the new years. You gotta remember something. We are open five days next week. And I've seen this happen. And it's like, okay, we have five more days, man. This is not gonna just lay at the highs. I think, you know, the more I keep thinking about it, it's like, I think they're gonna basically take that high out in the S&P. And if that's what they do, meaning all of us in general, then what you wanna do is this. If we bring up, I'm bringing up the end of the X100. I get the three Qs up, right? The contraction's huge. If that's what happens with the S&P, then just stay calm, stay patient, because the Qs will go to the high. One will catch up with the other. That's kind of how it shakes out. Gold, gold contract is gonna be interesting with the gold contract is what we have out here is that the bottom line is that the market's closed tomorrow, so liquidity-wise, we are talking about the aspect that you are going to, we're gonna close this afternoon, and it's really not gonna get liquid till Sunday night at six o'clock. You know, we got gold running out at 1810. You know, bottom line is that, you know, it took out the lower part of the consolidation, even got above it. Now the real question's gonna be, can it get some juice behind it? Because there's gonna need juice behind it to basically get into this day of the 22nd of November. What we do have on physical gold and physical silver is pretty cool. And what it is is this, folks, okay? Is that when the markets, you gotta remember something, when we take a look at the metals market and we're talking about in the futures, that's exactly what is the paper market, buying and selling. When you try to go out right now and buy any type of coins, the premium on coins right now, and I'm talking about the premium from me that is even, you know, I can basically get them as close to wholesale as possible, is like over $100. So even though we trade at 1810, if I try to go out and get 10, 20, 30 eagles, okay? The bottom line is that I checked last night. Last night, the guy wanted a buck 10 over it.  And he doesn't have any right now, but he can get them. I mean, I've been doing business with this guy forever, okay? But that's a heads up. That's definitely a heads up. What's really a heads up, so listen to this part of it, this is even crazier, that the bars that normally don't have a huge premium have a $75 premium. So most times when that happens, you will see the aspect that we are gonna go a lot higher on gold, because that's how it happens. Meaning that you have the paper gold and there's nothing wrong with that. I mean, trading futures, the whole ball of wax. But then when you try to get there physically, you kind of get it.  So I suspect that's where this whole thing's going, meaning higher. And it's very possible that it's gonna be the good US dollar, okay? That's gonna basically make that happen for us. You know, this dollar is still bottom line.  And the question about the premium and silver, the premium and silver, shall I check this out? The premium and silver is 23%. You know, if you're gonna buy silver, folks, the bottom line, I wouldn't buy the silver. I'd buy the SLV. It doesn't make any sense, because you'll never make any money on it, okay? You get a 23% premium on the way in. I mean, forget it, man. Just buy the SLV, it's the same thing. Stay right there, folks. We'll come right back.


Happy Monday guys welcome back to another vlog today I'm gonna take you through a little like healthy productive Monday vlog I'm really excited because it's my first time going to our Dallas studio It's not like a deer media studio, but in different cities. We have like our New York studio isn't a deer media studio It's just one that they like use in New York. So they finally got a Dallas one because I Sad if I do another zoom recording. I'll like literally cry going to that today I'm very excited and I'm just gonna take you guys through a little healthy productive day I've got a really busy next two days. So I leave for a trip on Wednesday. So I'm trying to get everything done You guys seem to really love my like productive Monday vlogs. Let me know what you guys want to see on vlogs I've been like really insecure about YouTube lately, and I don't know why I'm never really insecure especially about YouTube I don't know. I just have been like I Don't know just like weird maybe uninspired. I don't know. I don't know, but let me know what you guys want to see All right, subscribe if you guys are new here. We're gonna eat going with the day So I just got back from my workout.  I literally went to bed at 5 p.m I read all Colin Huber because it she just really calmed me down. I read Two novellas so there's short books and then I'm 75 percent through the book that I started last night Like I essentially read three books, but two of them are really short and that's what cured me I really did this cut by the way the best thing ever So if you guys have been watching me on Instagram, you know that I've been loving WW recently I really just want to focus on taking care of myself Especially as life is getting a lot busier, and I just need that to be a priority I started off by taking a personal assessment through WW. It was really easy I'm not focusing on weight loss or anything. I'm more so focusing on like a wellness routine So it's been really helpful to really keep myself accountable with this wellness routine I would describe it kind of as when you and a friend start working out together And then it's like more inspiring and you're more motivated and more likely to keep up with it because you have someone that quoting you Accountable that's kind of what WW has been for me The app has so many different features from what's in my fridge, which I love I do that a lot at lunch I love the bedtime tracker. I will stay up until 2 a.m. Reading as we know and I can't do that because I love my early morning Workouts, so I like the bedtime tracker to like keep me accountable So when I need to go to bed the water tracker like I showed you guys today's Monday. It is a new week I did already have water today So I'm just tracking that and then I need to track my workout I really like this because it honestly like really motivates me since I know that I can like physically see it I don't know something about Actually having this app has really just made me so much more inspired I know that's a pretty small thing But it's made the biggest difference in my wellness journey and that's really thanks to WW They also have really good recipes, which is honestly probably my number one thing But I feel like I've talked about that so much on Instagram the squash is really good I have a real if you guys want to try it out That's from the WW app, but they just have so many different recipes Hey, so if you guys want to take your WW personal assessment I will have it linked down below and you guys can start your own WW wellness journey like me normally I would make breakfast here and my coffee here and whatever, but no today's a very special day We are going to Starbucks because I am going to the Dallas studio the very first time and this is very exciting for me I'm gonna start doing this I think every Monday morning since I'm traveling I'm recording two weeks of episodes of intros and stuff So I'm gonna pack up my bag that I love and then we're gonna head off to the studio I'm very excited to take you guys along with me. It's a very exciting time Also, like I'm not having the best makeup day like I barely put any on and I should have just not put any on because it is Guys I'm in the Dallas studio Very exciting. I've been recording for the past 40 minutes I have one more ad read and then I'm good to go, which is exciting Adjusted us in the studio. I just posted a bunch of like random branded content and answered emails I feel like I didn't realize how much I'm normally on my laptop on Monday mornings when I can't be on it for an hour Anyways, I'm feeling very productive something about Getting out of my house and working elsewhere with besides the coffee shop just really does something for me It is currently 1115 I actually have to pick something up my 30 minutes away from home I have to pick something up closer to here at one. So I think I'm just gonna go To that area and then get some work done answer some calls and stuff before I head home And then like make my lunch and do all that stuff All of my resumes are literally from WW and you guys know that I think I'm Martha Stewart So it's like really great. I realized this again, and I added it to my tracker Here I am adding another class. Okay, another thing too. I've been journaling a lot more recently also inspired from WW I feel like I used to and I've kind of been off of it So like I was saying the ways that I build confidence with myself Uh-huh is I making promises myself and keeping them. So whether that's like my morning workout classes If I say I'm gonna wake up and read in journal things like that That's how I build confidence is that like it's through trust and knowing that I can trust myself And then I'm actually gonna like take the time to like invest in myself. Yeah, love that Anyways, all my little wellness hacks and routines and stuff that I've implemented recently. I've really helped with that It's 1 p.m. I ended up just staying in my car because I had calls to take it was a very productive hour and a half Of my life sometimes I will I used to work for my car all the time in LA That's the music. I thought there was screeching behind me But honestly sometimes I have my most productive times in the car and it's hot I didn't want to go to another Starbucks and now I'm just here at my car place Waiting to pick up my other car stuff I am in the process of buying a new car the reason it's taking so long is because I'm very particular on the exact things that I want and Unfortunately the color combo that I want in the car is the least common. So just taking a second But I'm using one of my family's cars and then I'm picking up stuff from my old car here So that's why I stayed over on this side of Dallas It's like kind of far from where I live these kinds of days where you're just like on run and getting so much done or so good Also, I think I've had my best idea yet for a Dallas event. I immediately call my manager and I said Lindsay I have an idea potentially my best yet and let me tell you it's going great I'm on our Geneva group chat, which I'll have linked down below. We have a big one We have one for Dallas girls. We have one for like the newsletter I mean, they're all separate but if you live in Dallas or you're moving to Dallas and you want to make friends and stuff join that group chat because I'm talking about it and It's gonna be very exciting got home and I'm really craving this mug muffin I used to make these at home a lot. So I just did that my kitchen smells so good. This is very exciting I finished it smells so good I don't even want to show it to you because listen like a 90-second mug doesn't like look cute But it tastes really good. It made my entire kitchen smell incredible. So I am Martha Stewart. Thank you very much I'm home. I'm editing actually some stories for WWE to send in I made that little treat and it's really good, but I think I'm gonna actually order in food I normally honestly I have been eating at home a lot more going out of town this weekend I don't really have groceries and also I'm about to be in college for the next two hours in 20 minutes So I don't really have time to make lunch. All right guys. I'm on my second call now Jess is on here We have a call with our friends from Daily Drills and they're really helping us out today And I love them and their website go look at their homepage right now. Jess. It looks actually really cute Yeah, cuz it's like from the New York show love that my food is almost here Gonna keep working and fill this up so I can track it in my app All right guys, so I've just spent the past few hours on at the phone I actually just got a call with my friends who own Daily Drills And they gave us like a lot of tips and stuff which is very exciting any my work day And I'm actually gonna go on a walk another thing I love is the mindset section so you're able to just like pick something So I'm gonna pick this Meditation which is walk in your neighborhood just ten minutes It's an easy little thing to do because I'm honestly just feeling a little like stress and anxious after a work day I don't know why I always feel that way so going on a walk outside is helpful But really listening to this like meditation as I'm going on a walk is really helpful I also have like a ton of different options. So there's like sleep music They have things like when you wake up end of day to kind of wind down basics So I'm gonna end this vlog, but I hope you guys enjoyed today's video I will have a link below to WW where you guys can take your own personal assessment and start your own wellness journey I love you guys so much, and I'll talk to you soon


Why can you just say fewer? Because that word in and of itself as a modifier indicates the nature of the word that precedes it. In other words, that it's a word that can be counted. So if something is fewer in number, yeah, duh, because everything that's fewer has a number. So in other words, if you have chairs, then you have one chair, two chair, three chairs. You have fewer chairs, et cetera, et cetera. But if it's water, you can't count water. It's not one water, two waters, three waters. So yeah, in view of the fact that that's typically one that you would also sense because we can see this, because this is the case, you don't always have to say in view of the fact that during the time that, while, for the reason that, because, see, now you're getting there. If conditions are such that, if, yeah, you don't always have to say the whole thing. But now I will point out that if you go through this cognizant of the fact that is actually, there's two words for that. You can't use just one, aware that is what you're. So then you're aware of something. You are aware that something is the case. You could. No, it's not really obviously, because cognition is more the idea of awareness. What you're talking about is that something is blatantly true, for example. By the way, a little writing tip. We were talking in the break about language use and the prudence behind jurisprudence. And one of the things I can tell you as a writer, a reader, and a former editor, translator, et cetera, be very careful with the word obviously in writing. And the reason for this is it's often a no-win situation, because if you say it's obviously and then say something really obvious, it's like you're knowingly wasting the reader's time.  And that doesn't work either. There is, however, one case where you can really use obviously, and that comes in very handily for you folks. And that is when you wish to acknowledge a clear and distinct counterargument to whatever you're saying, then you do see that, that you say obviously. The first objection that could be put up against this would be to state this. OK. So Congress of the fact that has the capacity of is simply, if something has the capacity of, then it can't, then it is. Then it can do something. So then you use a modal phrase. And finally, in order two, it's often simply two. You often don't use in order. But now comes the question. With the exception of things like fewer in number, and I would say despite the fact that which I just find an ugly kind of extraneous phrase in most cases, many of these things are used and can be used. But then what are you doing? It's what we said before. You're slowing down the reader with purpose. You should use the longer phrase when your whole point is, you want to draw the reader to a halt a little bit. When you want to slow them down, you want to have them thinking about something, pondering it more than you want them to be skimming through it. But in most other cases, so I'm thinking 75% of cases, you want the shorter word, clarity, brevity, and variety. Keep in mind, so there you go. Words have hidden meanings. We just talked about this denotation and connotation. So as I said, sometimes the meaning of the word is literally one thing. But it's value. Its emotional value is something very, very different. If you look at this, then you can think about words like cheap versus inexpensive, for example. If it's an inexpensive hotel, you've got a good deal. If it's a cheap hotel, you shouldn't be paying a lot of money. In the one case, it's high value, low cost. In the other case, it's low value, low cost. And that's implicit in what you're saying. Then the lexicon also has all these wonderful words from the law, your own field. Then you get subpoena, felony, estoppel, injunction, tort, fiduciary, surety, tenure.  What else is there? There is the Latin. And now I'm going to tell you something that's going to be highly disillusioning. There are Latinate phrases in pretty much all European legal traditions. But now comes the fun part. They're not all the same. One of the ones that I discovered and found very interesting was the fact that while both languages recognize both forms, in Dutch, when you're talking about the principle of that you can't reverse legislate against crime. So in other words, you can't have acts committed, law, and then punishment. That's called nulapuna. From nulapuna, sena, privet, lage, and finale, if I remember my Latin from law correctly. Something like that. The same phrase is in American law as well. But they almost never use it. Generally, they just use the more generic term. They talk about ex post facto laws, which is actually in Dutch reserved for pretty much everything that is in criminal law.  You also have terms that are more common in one than in the other. For example, in English law, in re is used, and Swedish in re is often used way more commonly than in, for example, the Netherlands, the only other system that I can compare it with. But for example, I've noticed that terms like Mutates from Thomas is used much more frequently by Dutch speakers, even writing in English than by English speakers writing in English, but this one by the same handle. So you have all these nice terms, but they're not necessarily always going to be the same or used with the same frequency. So you have that as well. Then you start getting the really good stuff. Indeed, what did we talk about? Made up terms, the words that come from the literature. Look at the ones that you have in your own. The idiom of the law itself can be quite colorful. An escape clause, run with the land with malice of forethought, the clean hands doctrine, clear and present danger, deep rock doctrine, fruit of the poisonous tree. I've always loved that one. Front and load program and yellow dog contracts. By the way, that's a really obscure one. Does anyone have a clue as to what a yellow dog contract is? It's a contract that says you cannot join a labor union. Well, we don't have dogs. And it's illegal in those places. But those in the United States traditionally are called yellow dog contracts. Do not ask me why. That being the case, where does that leave us? And where does that lead us as we roll towards our last coffee break of the day? Well, what did I find in your field? Lexicon of fiscal state aid. Externalities is a word you definitely want to keep abreast of, especially because externalities can mean a lot of different things. Again, there's the multiple levels of meaning here. Externalities and economics are different from externalities in the rest of the world or within other fields of law, et cetera. So keep that in mind. Spillover effects is a great term in the law. It has a very specific meaning. Imperfect information was one. Look at that set of antonyms. Benefits versus distortions. In some of my other classes, I often do a whole thing on opposites and antonyms. I talk about things like you have a word like call. There's like 10 different antonyms for the word call, depending on what you think call means. If you think calm has to do with nerves, then you'd say stressed. If you think calm has to do with weather, you'd say stormy. If you think calm has to do with water, you'd say troubled. Benefits can have numerous different. In this case, I found a set of antonyms. Benefits versus distortions. Mitigate and mitigation, ex ante versus ex post. Discretionary administrative practices. I found that to be incredibly euphemistic. It sounds to me like what you're saying is, well, they have a choice to do something wrong. And they're gonna do it. No, I actually know, I saw what it was meant to be, but it has a very kind of connotative value. So I thought that was interesting. Derogation was another one that I found. There's standstill clause. What's the last one there? Compliance, look at those words. Then as you keep going, what else do you see? Compatibility, enforcement, application, illegality, interest and freedom of procedure. Selectivity versus advantage. That was a weird set. I saw that, I forgot who was talking about that. But I thought that was an interesting way to, in a sense, juxtaposition things, to set them up as an antonyms. Then amortization, that's one of those terms that I always have this idea that at a certain point it starts to mean things that it's not supposed to. I always have a feeling people are using that too often, but okay, as a technical term. But Zoras was also, there, words made up of other words. Zero interest rate mandatory convertible loans. Arms length principle, idiom. BEPS, base erosion and profit shifting, transfer pricing, all of those things are up there. What else did I find? I found more. MAPS, mutual agreement procedures, formulary apportionment, fair and balanced allocation of powers. Keep in mind that's a sneaky one. It is actually an idiomatic phrase because you're using it with a very specific meaning line. Subjective versus objective scopes. Comparable, Z, comparable. Uncontrolled price method. Renumeration, which is a word I put in there because it's infamously gets misspelled when you're typing really fast. It becomes renumeration. Restjudica, judicata. Amicus curie, knowledge paradox, and we taught us from telling this, as I said, these are some of the things that came up that I would say this is definitely a list that you have to have control of, to have control of the material that's being dealt with in this course. But as you add and subtract from the other terms, what you will see is that as you look for, because now here comes the interesting thing, I can give you something as a kind of challenge. Something that might be cool to come back to at a later point is terms of the law. I don't know what these terms mean, generally, at least most of them, in the Latinate terms. But now what I wonder is, could you explain them in English? Something to think about. I'm not gonna give you the answer solution yet, but I have it. So I have good definitions of these terms, like one and two sentence definitions. Think about how you would rephrase, repurpose, or reuse those terms if you were talking to someone who did not know what pro bono was, or estoppel, or how to use sui generi, or use tershi, or any of these terms. Just as an idea, November 17th, when we talk about editing, I'll give you my solutions. Alrighty, now, just to round off our discussion, this first foray into vocabulary, lexicon terminology, I also have some further things that I wanted to point out to you. Some words of wisdom, as it says at the top of the slide, keep in mind, watch out for things like informal words or structures. So in that sense, and this comes back very much to also what was being discussed previously. Previously, watch using, for example, words. So first of all, no contractions in formal writing. I always tell people this to things like, it's always do not, will not, cannot, not, won't, don't, can't, you can't do that. So informal writing, you're supposed to go away from this. Avoid using, I always tell people, avoid using rhetorical questions in argumentative or persuasive writing, not in speaking, in speaking, it's brilliant. But my problem with things like rhetorical questions in writing is that you basically, you're counting on people then taking a pause before they continue reading to actually, before they read your answer, but most people don't do that, so it loses the effect. Let's see, what else avoid idiomatic expressions. So try to avoid things like between the rock in the hard place or any of those kind of things like any sayings or kind of vernacular phrases, things like that. However, do use the idiomatic terms of the trade. So as we said, arms length principle you do use, spillover effect you do use. Those are things that are idiomatic to your trade. So the trip through the poison tree, those are basically terminology. So they're not the same thing. There you see an example of this is being given. So the first one, the president was given a hard time that you would not do, but through the poison tree. As I said, that's the example I gave, that would be permissible. So watch those kind of things as well. What else can I say in terms of register, watch out for certain things. Watch for words like get, as I said, versus receive because those get is too broad a word and too vague in that sense. It's all about indeed receive or whatever specific phrase you need to use at that moment. Just a second, just wanna look something up here. Where was I? Here we go. Also, do not use words such as a lot, thing, kind of, et cetera, but that in a group like this usually speaks for itself. I don't have to really point those out too much. Don't use inflated language. Keep in mind, even in his most sonorous and verbose, Cardozo doesn't lay down claims that can't be substantiated. And you were talking about that before, but that's also true of hyperbolic language. So for example, there are an infinite number of definitions of equality. No, there aren't. There are definitely a finite number of definitions of equality. It's just perhaps a very large number, but it's not an infinite one. But there is, number is, single fact. Oh, that has to do with something I'm gonna come back, I can come back to later. It has to do a thing called a proximity rule. And I'll come back to it. It is, there are a number of definitions. But you understand my problem. But I understand your problem because you're looking for a number, but it actually refers to number of definitions. And that's, it's a tricky one. I said, I can come back to that later. But I definitely see where you're coming from. Try to use, as I said, very few low context vague words. Remember, good and bad in this context always have to be substantiated. So it has to do with, for example, the one that I always give is things like good data. Is why is it good data? It's because it's reliable data. It's a complete data set. It's evidence would be the same thing. It's solid evidence. Why is it solid evidence? Because it's evidence that can withstand scrutiny. It's evidence that has a proper track of provenance. It's evidence that is complete. It's evidence, et cetera, et cetera. Also, use interesting and important sparingly. They usually, what you're talking about is actually something that's perhaps noteworthy, but has some noteworthy value, but is not necessarily particularly fascinating to everyone involved. So in that sense, you have to kind of, what's more important is not so much the value judgment, but logical reasoning. So what you're looking for is not so much that something is of interest or of note, but that it's a necessity. Or that it's, for example, that you're looking and saying, there's a logical cause and effect, that that's what you're trying to get across. Then you would say, then what is noteworthy would be that there's a proper logical connection between something or no proper logical connection between two things. You'd have to back that up. So in this sense, if you look at this, where it says, in some words, of wisdom, you interest and import, it is important and interesting. That's necessary to study employer gender prejudices. I would say it is necessary to study this because that's the point. Is it something that isn't just noteworthy. It's something that's essential to our understanding of the certain thing. That's what's most important. And that can also be a good litmus test for what you put in any writing. Is it really just of interest or is it actually something that needs to be said? Let's see. What else did I wanna say in that respect? However, interestingly and importantly, it can be used as sentence adverbs because you're are indicating what you're talking about in the sense of if you wish to add a commentary about a certain thing, but then again, it should preferably be something that's, for example, counterintuitive. You're saying, I'm noting this because this doesn't follow the norm. And I believe that that makes it noteworthy or of interest or a necessity to know. So this kind of idea. The data shows that something that you wouldn't necessarily predict without that data. And then what else do I have for you? It looks like an eye test, but it is not. Because if you look at the following slides, these aren't meant for projection. These were very much meant for your access. So in other words, a list of words, what have I given you? One, two, three, four lists. But I said, if you look at them on the screen or in like six in a box kind of thing, it's useless. But if you look at them on Blackboard, what you'll see is it's basically building blocks for writing. These are all what you'd call collocations. In other words, lists of words that go together. And this is great because in the past, I've taught courses, for example, in things like creative writing and even fiction writing. And there I always tell people to abjure the cliche, to not use the well-worn path. And in my Cardozen prose, to seek out the original, the enticing, the unique. Here, don't do that. There is no need. Embrace the cliches. Use the phrases we all know and are familiar with. It will make your writing easier. It will make our reading easier. So in that sense, what legal writing, what research writing, what traditional writing all share in common is an embracing of those very, in fact, what seem like cliche phrases are actually just handy building blocks, collocations of words, words that go together nicely and provide the connective fiber that you need in any good text. And I've given you four pages worth of them by all means. Take a look, embrace them and use them. That being said, that's what I have to say for today about vocabulary and lexicon. I hope that it has been of some use. As I said, leaving from the very broad, the lexicon of the language itself down to the specificity of the words you may need and the choices you'll have to make in which ones you need to seek out, which ones you need to use, et cetera. That being said, I'm left with but one task for today and that is I wish to explore the future with you. But the future that I wish to explore is future time and expression in English. A first foring. Now, this is noteworthy because anyone who's done a high school program in English has done three distinct things in English once they get to the later stages. You've dealt with what's called future expression in English. So talking about future time. You've dealt with conditional sentences. So those constructions of the if then construction and you've talked about something called modal verbs. So those are all of those verbs like canned code, will, which, I'll show it in main mic, must, would rather had better need to, ought to, use to, et cetera. However, one of the things that high school teachers don't do and can't do is draw them all together. First of all, they don't have the time and the second reason is they don't really have people in front of them who are gonna do writing at that level where it would make sense for all of these things to be brought together. But here we can indulge in these subtleties of the future condition and mode. I'm gonna start today with the future. We will come back to condition and mode later. But I do wanna say one thing about this. Now, as I said, I can't compare to all of the languages in this group because the one that I'm truly skilled at outside of English is Dutch. But I can tell you that Dutch modal use is illustrative of why English is not considered a strong language grammatically. Because in Dutch, all of these things like canned code, will, would, shall, should, are way more subtle than they are in English. And one of the reasons why is in Dutch, I actually believe this is also true in German, you have what are called chained modals. In other words, in English, if I wish to express any more than one mode, I have to stop and restart my sentence or create a parallel construction or have a whole new sentence. But in Dutch, you have all these great phrases where you can say, oh, oh, uh, hothet mut ik kan evaite. You know, I had to should have known it. I'm talking about it, but it was still actually grammatically correct language. It was a thing of beauty. In English, you do not have this. And again, that's where translation rears its ugly head. If you think in Dutch, or as I said, to some degree in German along those lines and then try to translate, you're gonna be in trouble because there's no counterpart in English. You'll have to go to a completely different type of construction. And this field of German is, I think, even richer than Dutch. Yeah, and what German has is also has you have this wonderful specificity of all the ways of non-violent. Yeah. Well, but do we really... We're showing to the genitives and all those things. Everything changes up as soon as you change that nature of the sentence. That is just brilliant stuff, but hard to learn. I remember that was a tough sledding in high school. Of course, it didn't help that I was the only American in my class. So everyone had a Dutch accent, but I had an American accent. My German teacher thought that was hysterically amusing for some reason, but he was a great guy, so I gave him that one. So the future. Okay, let me ask you a question. Okay, think about this. If I said, I'm going to give you a verb, the verb to meet. To meet, right? Just give me one sentence where you use the verb to meet in a future form. We will meet again. We will meet again. Okay? See? Yeah. We're on the answer. Yeah. We will meet. So we'll meet. That's one. Give me another one. Yeah. No? That's not a future. That's a present perfect. Yeah. I'm going to meet. Going to meet. Thank you. By the way, you're following fantastically the order. So you first gave me the simple future. We'll meet. Then you gave me the planned or intended future. I'm going to meet. Give me another one. We'll be meeting. I am meeting. Very good. And? We'll be meeting. Meeting is the third form. That's what's called the arranged future, which you gave me was the future progressive. So in other words, the future as it takes place will be meeting at a specific moment in the future. So those are already four really good forms. And I'll point something out to you. That is generally where most people kind of stop. But there are two forms that are really useful in the law that you haven't mentioned. What else can you say? How else can you express something in the future? Okay. Now you're thinking modally. So that's a long. That's okay. That's also going to come up, but that's a modally. But very good that you mentioned it. Okay. What about this one? We meet on November 17th. And why can I say that? In this group? Why can I say we meet on November 17th? Because it has been scheduled. Scheduling in the future actually has its own aspect. So we talk about the scheduled future. And finally, there is in essence, which you might want to, it's called the, I term it the mandated future, but you could call it the legal future. We are to meet. And why is that the legal future? Because it's the future that has been determined by mandate, by rule. So basically, if we look at this, if we look at the sheets, what do we see? Okay. First of all, I want to show you something real quick. A review on tents and aspects. Keep this in mind. If you look where it says a quick reminder on tents and aspect, there are two distinct terms when you're talking about time in language. You have the tenses, past, present, future, and you have the different aspects within those tenses. And all of those things are things like the simple present, the present progressive, the present perfect, the past perfect. All of those things are what we call aspect. And for example, and if you look at this, keep in mind simple, simple present and simple past. How does that work? It's everything that is permanent, universal, habitual, unchanging, repetitive, but in the present. So I am a teacher. It's what I do. The law states that you cannot do X without paying Y. Those kind of things. But you cannot do is the thing that's key here. So simple present, paying is the activity that follows its verbal construction. But okay. So permanent, universal, habitual, unchanging. I am a teacher. This is a university. The sky is, well, I was going to say blue, but the sky is there. How about we just keep it at that? It's been changing all day here. I don't know what it's like in your respective communities, but basically the Dutch weather has been Dutch weather. In other words, about every 10 minutes we get a different season. But if it's permanent, unchanging, simple present, if it's the progressive, past progressive, present progressive, then the idea is it's still in the present, but it's about to change. So for example, it's things like if I say, I live in the Hague, that's permanent. That's where I live. I also live in the Hague by the way. But what if I say I'm living in the Hague? Then what am I actually saying? It's about to change. I'm going to move. So you have to watch those kind of things. Yes, ma'am. Oh. Did you have a question? No. Okay. Then, and then of course you also have the present perfect. What are progressives or perfectives? Those are all of those things that start in one timeframe and link to another timeframe. So if you have the past tense, present tense, future tense, if a, if the past is linked to the present, the present is linked to the future, the past is linked to the future through the present, anything like that, that's called a perfective aspect. So the present perfect. I have been a teacher for 27 years. That's saying I started being a teacher in the past, I'm still a teacher in the present. So then I'm using an aspect that links up the two. Those are perfective aspects. So you basically have static aspects, present, simple present, present progressive, and you have dynamic aspects. Those are the perfectives. Where then you're talking about you're looking at this and you're saying I'm linking the past to the present, the present to the future, or moments in the past to other moments in the past. We had been a teacher for 25 years when he won the Nobel Prize. One moment late in the past, he was a teacher, started, 25 years later, still in the past, something else happened. You're connecting those two moments in the past. Had been a teacher, that's the past perfect. And in fact, we often call that the present perfect in the past. So you have this interlude of these perfectives. Now, how does this play out for future time and expression? Well, future time has six static aspects. Those are the things we just discussed. No perfectives there at all, but it has six forms, not two. The present and the past only have two, simple and progressive. What does the future have? It has the simple future, the planned future, the arranged, the present progressive as a future or arranged future, the future progressive. If there's a future simple, there should be a future progressive. Then the simple present as the scheduled future and finally the mandated future. And how does this all play out? Okay, what do you use the simple future for? Well, the simple future is basically what we call neutral use. But what you could call that is the inevitable future. If you wish to express that something by the nature of the passing of time will take place, then you say, will plus infinity. Come next January, I will turn 53. Yeah, I mean, barring anything, yes, ma'am? Oh, barring any untoward circumstance, which we hope will not take place. 53rd birthday is on its way. You can also use this in a modal use, so as a promise. But in terms of time, it's an interesting kind of thing because you also often use, when you're expressing promise, what you're actually talking about is often what we call the immediate future. So the thing is like someone says, I've got a problem, you say, I'll do something about that. Immediate future. I will go into action. Same thing, if someone knocked on that door over there, I would say, stay seated, I'll get it. I will get it, like right now. So I'm going to act in the immediate future on something. But then, if you look on the slide, and your slide is printed in color, which I don't know that yours are, you'll see red letters. And in the red letters, it says prediction based on prior knowledge. What else do we use the future for? The simple future. We use the simple future to talk about things that we believe, that we conclude, that we find will take place in the future because of what we know has already gone on in the past. So in other words, this is how scientific prediction works. You look at what's gone before, and you project into the future. So if a meteorologist looks at the weather, what do they look at? They look at charts, Almanacs, computer programs, those sketchy satellite photos, that they always show you on the news. And I always wonder why, because I'm not a meteorologist. I don't read clouds. I mean, you might as well be showing me an MRI or something, but OK. But the point is, they look and they say, well, tomorrow it will rain, because that's a prior determiner. They're saying, based on what we know, this will happen. But it could be different. Maybe you're using the planned future. And what are you talking about when you do that? The planned future, going 2 plus infinitive, I'm going to meet. That's either plan or intention. So indeed, it's just something in my head. I'm basically using aspect and language to project what I have already come to compose as an idea. Or, and that's a distinct difference, I can also use this to point out that whatever prediction I'm making is based on present knowledge only. I'm not a meteorologist, but I do have eyes in my head.  You know what? I think it's going to rain. That's a prediction based solely on what I see in front of me. And I can use language to make that distinction clear. So if you wish to isolate your discussion to current knowledge leading to future prediction, use this. If it's based on historical knowledge and deeper insight, use the simple future. But what else do we have? There's also an arranged future. OK, lawyers, what's the difference between a plan and an arrangement? How many people do you need to make a plan? How many people do you need to make an arrangement? At least two, yeah. So here, you actually see a social construct being encompassed or being, in that sense, what's the word I'm looking for, enshrined, as it were, in grammar. Because if I wish to express that something's a plan, I say, I'm going to do it, but that's all about me. But if I say I am meeting with Carla after class, then you know that I've determined that, and so is she. It's an agreement. So it's basically an arrangement has been made. Usually in the short term, and then you use the present progressive, I am meeting with. Excuse me from Vienna. Sure. To go back to the future once more, simple future and planned future, you gave the example of, in January, I think it was you will turn 53, right? That's for the simple future, yes. Yeah, and wouldn't it be possible to say, in January, you're going to turn 53? Yeah, and I'm going to get back to that. Because I'm giving you all, at the moment, all of the clear definitions as set down in grammar. But the truth is, your question kind of tips my hand, and I'm more than willing to have my hand be tipped at this point. You know what's cool about the future tense and aspect thing? I'm going to teach you all the distinctions, and these distinctions are good. And if you use them properly, it'll come across as wickedly precise, right? But the downside to this is, there's no downside to this, because there's an enormous amount of flexibility here. The truth is, many people just talk about things like the inevitability as a planner intention, or they talk about a meeting they're going to have as a planner intention, or they talk about a planner intention as if it were an arrangement. Most people aren't as precise in their language use as they should be. And that works to your advantage, because that means, as you're trying these things out, you're not going to get caught out. Because the fact is, unless you really make extreme errors, you have a lot of flexibility in using these things. But I will point out, you'd be a subtle user of the language if you said something like, well, as I will turn 53 next year, I'm planning to organize a big party in February. Or I'm arranging to organize a big party in January. Then you'd have something where you'd say, I'm using both terms of the future to express both the inevitability of the one thing and the arrangement of the other. But as they said, most of the world does not work this way. OK, so it really is a useful thing to have, because one of the things I can tell you is, this is a key marker for definitive use of language.  And one of them is that, for example, there's flexibility between arrangement, plan, and symbol. But for example, there's no flexibility when it comes to things like mandate. This is to become law on this date. You absolutely have to use that, because that's what you're indicating. It's definitely going to be that law on that date. So in that sense, there are a few that are fairly definitive, but there are also some gray areas, sure. And I can even point something out to you. If you give me one moment to move forward through these, then I'm going to show you one where you see how people actually are manipulating you using these things. Because here, if you look at this, we were talking before, where's my thing? Oh yeah, here we go. So the arranged future, then if you look at the future progressive, for example, what do you see there? That's ongoing in a defined moment in the future. Again, that's one that you can't really depart from because it is what it says it is. So three weeks from now, I will be flying to Florida. Yeah, that's kind of, you can't say I'm going to be flying to Florida, but that's stylistically a little out there. But you can also use this to indicate what's called the normal course of events. Now, what do we mean by that? We talked before about predictions based on prior knowledge, predictions based on present knowledge. You can also have predictions based on norms. In other words, if you assume that everything goes according to a norm, you can make a prediction. Say my kid brother, who lives in Boston and is actually a lawyer of all things, if he moved to the Netherlands and said, I'm moving to Holland and I'm going to be teaching at your university, I'd say, oh, I'd make all kinds of assumptions. I know what kind of law he's in. I know what his interest might be. So I know the people who work in the department that his specialty is in. Then I would say, oh, if that's the case, you'll be working with this one and this one. That's the normal course of events. I'm assuming he's in corporate law. He'll go into the corporate law department. In the corporate law department, so-and-so is teaching and doing research. He'll be working with so-and-so. Could be it's completely different. Maybe he says, I've had an epiphany mark. No longer in corporate law, I'm doing something with some other field. And I say, okay, that can change. But if we follow the norm, then that's what happens. And now here comes, I'm coming back to the Vienna query here, which actually sounds way heavier if you say it like that. Then it sounds like a European, like a novel, the Vienna inquiry by Dan Brown, but okay. Now, how do people manipulate us? Okay, I'm gonna show you something. That's the normal course of events. But what do we see on the next slide? We see here, it says, the simple present as the scheduled future. Scheduled events, activities, and sequences. Now, if you go to a bus or train station in the English-speaking world, so bus or train station, they announce the coming and going of all the trains and buses using the simple present. So the number 14 inbound bus from Manchester arrives at this and this post in 10 minutes. The outbound train to Chicago leaves the platform in 15 minutes. This one arrives, this one leaves, this one departs, this one enters. It's all in the simple present. Because what are they doing? They're emphasizing the schedule. Even if the train is 45 minutes late, they still say it arrives, it departs, we've got a schedule, we're doing this thing for you. But now go to a plane, now go to an airport. They don't say that. They actually use the future progressive. We'll be arriving in 10 minutes. We'll be departing from this in 20 minutes. They've done research into this. Languages have done research into this. What they discovered is that at bus stops and train stations, people are obsessed with times and they don't give three things about safety. And trust me, I've been on delayed trains, they really don't care. If we were once stuck just outside of the university, most of the people on board would have voted to just walk along the tracks to get to class, whatever. They care only about the schedule. So everything's expressed in schedule terms, the scheduled future. But people at airports, they want to be on time, but most importantly, they want to be safe. And the normal course of events future is reassuring language. It's like everything is going the way it should, according to norms. The plane will be landing, it won't have an accident, everything will be fine, the people will be safe. We literally get manipulated by this language. And then finally, as I said, oh, sorry, there is also then the mandated future. And this is very much the last one, but the one you need to remember. This is things that are supposed to happen by decree protocol, law, mandate. If it has to take place, then you have to use this future. It has to take place because of an external, official authority making it happen. This, ladies and gentlemen, is why in many places, emergency instructions are given in the mandated future. In case of emergency, you are to exit the building using the stairs only. You're being ordered by authority to do this. It's a mandate. So with that in mind, I've given you an overview of, well, a whole bunch of stuff. And among that whole bunch of stuff, big language intentionally used, what we've discussed is we talked about working backwards. We talked about future expression. We've done the initial stuff on the initial materials on that. We did add a first foray into lexicon building. We talked about voice and direction, passive and active. We talked about the modes and the key modes and styles in legal writing and legal expression. So the attic versus the asianic, that gave you some principles of communication on the law and communication among the professions. In general, there only rests in this respect, one thing left for me to do. What any good teacher would do at the end of any session, I got some homework for you.