Oh, Jesus. Guess who is out bartending all night and needs a lot of coffee this morning to stay conscious? You got it, yeah. Are you lacking camera equipment for your next film? Not anymore. Today, Zesty Mike is gonna show us how to get all those cool shots, even if you don't have the fancy equipment. And it's Sunday, so today we're going to reveal the jackpot winner in the $100,000 sponsorship powered by Freedom. I'm your host, Tiffany. You're watching Impulse, let's do it. What is up, Freedom? My name is Zesty Mike. Today we're gonna take the topic cheap filmmaking and run with it. Last week we showed you guys that you can use cheap equipment but still make good films. Today I challenged myself and tried to get super cool shots using nothing but household items you might have lying around your house. Dolly Shot. Low angled static shot. Another Dolly Shot. I always say, Jeep Shot. Steady Cam. Tripod. As you could tell, you don't need money to get those fancy boy shots. All you need is a creative mind. Now let's chat equipment. With filmmaking, you never wanna have your hands right next to the sensor because if you do, it's gonna pick up each and every shake. So you wanna try to do what you can to further your hands farthest away from the sensor as possible. So whether this means you use a tripod or a steady cam or a shoulder rig, you gotta do what you gotta do to further your hands away from that sensor. So what are some cheap solutions for filmmaking? Yes, you can do DIY builds for just about anything filmmaking but there's actually some cheap solutions that you could buy as well. Tripods completely depend on the weight of the camera. You can get a lightweight tripod for $20 that's really solid or you get a heavyweight tripod for just under $100 and both of them are still gonna do its job and do it just fine. You don't necessarily need to go buy a $1,000 tripod to get the job done when all you're wanting is a static shot to aim straight. Now when it comes to Dolly Shots, there's a lot of different choices. Now what I typically go to is a tripod slider which prices you at right at about $100 and you can make your own if it's a lot cheaper or you can actually do a Dolly that mounts directly onto the camera like a pair of roller skates and that prices out right around 30 bucks so you can't really beat that. Now for steady cams, you can go with the glide cam which is a handheld steady cam. You don't have to have the full suit and everything to make that work. Now there are cheaper solutions as well but the issue with these are that really hard to calibrate and get perfect with your camera to get that perfect smooth glide. So if you are willing to take that extra time and calibrate it for your camera and make it perfect for your setup, then I recommend something like the Rhino Steady which is about $50 but it actually does perform really well if you take that time to calibrate it perfectly. Now jibs are a whole different story. Those things are really expensive but I actually found a cheap one that works really well. The brand that we go to and actually use the most is Advanced Digital Jibs.  That's cheap compared to what other ones are at that price range. Well anyways guys, that's it for me today. If you want to see more of me or Brittany or even Tiffany, our host, we're all on our daily vlog channel where you can see us and live our lives through our faces every single day. That sounds weird. That sounds real weird. Anyways, links are in the description if you want to check it out. But now let's take it back to the one and only Tiffany. There's probably a lot of Tiffany's but she's the only Tiffany that I know. I have lamps and vacuums and things. Time to make movies, right? And now for the moment you've all been waiting for. I know I need a real drum set. Let's see who's going to take home $400 in grand prizes based on organic viewership growth from the past week. And as always, you get to pick from all these lovely prizes brought to you by our partners with freedom. Rick, if you please, because I need more coffee. I'll be back. By the eye of Thundera, your journey has been long and with no shortage of peril. You have reached the moment some creators only dream of. The sudden epiphany that comes with trying something that works, learning to reproduce and refine it. That had to have been memorable. You've climbed from the depths of the unknown and by doing so you see a bright light before you. But can't quite make out exactly what it is. Allow me $400 in grand prizes. Yes, I'm talking to you. GG254 Gaming, you won. You've obviously been paying attention to the advice given by the freedom family toward growing organically. Now you get to choose from all of these prizes to celebrate 95% of viewership growth in the last 30 days. Now go forth, young apprentice and embrace these relics for this time. Your princess is not in another castle. You... Congratulations, Freedom Partner. You won the big one. Woo, good job. Hope you guys enjoyed today's episode of Impulse and tomorrow, Zach is gonna go over another awesome game. I don't know what it is, but I know it's awesome. Doonan, I'm going to. Until next time, I'm your host Tiffany and this much coffee is doing things. Mike! What happened? Did I have a thing? Ha ha ha ha ha!  You're watching Impulse. No, okay, we can't use that, or can we? And now all...


History of England, Chapter 8, Part 14. It seemed that at length this hard fight had been won. The case for the crown was closed. Had the council for the bishops remained silent, an acquittal was certain, for nothing which the most corrupt and shameless judge could venture to call legal evidence of publication had been given. Chief Justice was beginning to charge the jury, and would undoubtedly have directed them to acquit the defendants, but Finch, too anxious to be perfectly discreet, interfered and begged to be heard. "'If you will be heard,' said Wright, "'you shall be heard, but you do not understand your own interests.' The other council for the defense made Finch sit down and begged the Chief Justice to proceed. He was about to do so when a messenger came to the solicitor general with news that Lord Sunderland could prove the publication, and would come down to the court immediately. Wright maliciously told the council for the defense that they had only themselves to thank for the turn which things had taken. The countenances of the great multitude fell. Finch was, during some hours, the most unpopular man in the country. Why could he not sit still as his betters, Sawyer, Pemberton and Polluxven, had done? His love of meddling, his ambition to make a fine speech, had ruined everything. Meanwhile, the Lord President was brought in a sedan chair through the hall. Not a hat moved as he passed, and many voices called out, Popage Dog. He came into court pale and trembling, with eyes fixed on the ground, and gave his evidence in a faltering voice. He swore that the bishops had informed him of their intention to present a petition to the King, and that they had been admitted into the royal closet for that purpose. This circumstance, coupled with the circumstance that, after they left the closet, there was in the King's hands a petition signed by them, was such proof as might reasonably satisfy a jury of the fact of the publication. The petition in Middlesex was then proved. But was the paper thus published a false, malicious, and seditious libel? Either, too, the matter in dispute had been whether a fact which everybody well knew to be true could be proved according to the technical rules of evidence, but now the contest became one of deeper interest. It was necessary to inquire into the limits of prerogative and liberty, into the right of the King to dispense with statutes, into the right of the subject to petition for the redress of grievances. During three hours the Council for the Petitioners argued with great force in defence of the fundamental principles of the Constitution, and proved from the journals of the House of Commons that the bishops had affirmed no more than the truth when they represented to the King that the dispensing power which he claimed had been repeatedly declared illegal by Parliament. Summers rose last. He spoke little more than five minutes, but every word was full of weighty matter, and when he sat down his reputation as an orator and a constitutional lawyer was established. He went through the expressions which were used in the information to describe the offence imputed to the bishops, and showed that every word, whether adjective or substantive, was altogether inappropriate. The offence imputed was a false, a malicious, a seditious libel. False the paper was not, for every fact which it set forth had been proved from the journals of Parliament to be true. Malicious the paper was not, for the defendants had not sought an occasion of strife, but had been placed by the government in such a situation that they must either oppose themselves to the royal will, or violate the most sacred obligations of conscience and honour. Seditious the paper was not, for it had not been scattered by the writers among the rabble, but delivered privately into the hands of the King alone, and a libel it was not, but a decent petition such as by the Laws of England, nay by the Laws of Imperial Rome, by the Laws of all civilised states, a subject who thinks himself aggrieved may with propriety present to the sovereign. The attorney replied shortly and feedly. The solicitor spoke at great length, and with great acrimony, and was often interrupted by the clamours and hisses of the audience. He went so far as to lay it down that no subject or body of subjects except the Houses of Parliament had a right to petition the King. The galleries were furious, and the Chief Justice himself stood aghast at the effrontery of this venal turncoat. At length, right proceeded to sum up the evidence. His language showed that the awe in which he stood of the government was tempered by the awe with which the audience, so numerous, so splendid, and so strongly excited, had impressed him. He said that he would give no opinion on the question of the dispensing power, that it was not necessary for him to do so, that he could not agree with much of the solicitor's speech, and that it was the right of the subject to petition, but that the particular petition before the court was improperly worded, and was, in the contemplation of law, a libel. Petition was of the same mind, but in giving his opinion showed such gross ignorance of law and history, as brought on him the contemptful who heard him. Holloway evaded the question of the dispensing power, but said that the petition seemed to him to be such as subjects who think themselves aggrieved are entitled to present, and therefore no libel. Powell took a bolder course. He avowed that in his judgment the declaration of indulgence was a nullity, and that the dispensing power, as lately exercised, was utterly inconsistent with all law. If these encroachments of prerogative were allowed, there was an end of parliaments. The whole legislative authority would be in the king. That issue, gentlemen, he said, I leave to God, and to your consciences. It was dark before the jury retired to consider of their verdict. The night was a night of intense anxiety. Some letters are extant, which were dispatched during that period of suspense, and which have, therefore, an interest of a peculiar kind. It is very late, wrote the papal nuncio, and the decision is not yet known. The judges and the culprits have gone to their own homes. The jury remain together. Tomorrow we shall learn the event of this great struggle. The solicitor for the bishops sat up all night with a body of servants on the stairs leading to the room where the jury was consulting. It was absolutely necessary to watch the officers who watched the doors, for those officers were supposed to be in the interests of the crown, and might, if not carefully observed, have furnished a courtly juryman with food which would have enabled him to starve out the other eleven. Strict guard was therefore kept. Not even a candle to light a pipe was permitted to enter. Some basins of water for washing were suffered to pass at about four in the morning. The juryman, raging with thirst, soon lapped up the hoe. Great numbers of people walked the neighbouring streets till dawn. Every hour a messenger came from Whitehall to know what was passing. Voices, high in altercation, were repeatedly heard from within the room, but nothing certain was known. At first nine were for acquitting, and three for convicting. Two of the minorities soon gave way, but Arnold was obstinate. Thomas Austin, a country gentleman of great estate, who had paid close attention to the evidence and speeches and had taken full notes, wished to argue the question. Arnold declined. He was not used, he doggedly said, to reasoning and debating. His conscience was not satisfied, and he should not acquit the bishops. If you come to that, said Austin, look at me. I am the largest and strongest of the twelve, and before I find such a petition as this a libel, here I will stay till I am no bigger than a tobacco-pipe. It was six in the morning before Arnold yielded. It was soon known that the jury were agreed, but what the verdict would be was still a secret. At ten the court again met. The crowd was greater than ever. The jury appeared in their box, and there was a breathless stillness. So Samuel Astry spoke. Do you find the defendants, or any of them, guilty of the misdemeanor whereof they are impeached, or not guilty? Sir Roger Langley answered, not guilty. As the words passed his lips Halifax sprang up and waved his hat. At that signal benches and galleries raised a shout. In a moment ten thousand persons who crowded the great hall replied with a still louder shout which made the old oaken roof crack, and in another moment the innumerable throng without set up a third huzzah which was heard at Temple Bar. The boats which covered the Thames gave an answering cheer. A peal of gunpowder was heard on the water, and another, and another, and so in a few moments the glad tidings went flying past the Savoy and the Friars to London Bridge, and to the forest of masts below. As the news spread, streets and squares, marketplaces, and coffee-houses brought forth into acclamations. Yet were the acclamations less strange than the weeping. For the feelings of men had been wound up to such a point that at length the stern English nature, so little used to outward signs of emotion, gave way, and thousands sobbed aloud for very joy. Meanwhile from the outskirts of the multitude, horsemen were sparing off to bear along all the great roads, intelligence of the victory of our church and nation. Yet not even that astounding explosion could oar the bitter and intrepid spirit of the solicitor. Being to make himself heard above the din, he called on the judges to commit those who had violated by clamour the dignity of a court of justice. One of the rejoicing populace was seized, but the tribunal felt that it would be absurd to punish a single individual for an offence common to hundreds of thousands, and dismiss him with a gentle reprimand. It was vain to think of passing at that moment to any other business. Indeed, the roar of the multitude was such that for half an hour scarcely a word could be heard in court. Williams got to his coach amidst a tempest of hisses and curses. Cartwright, whose curiosity was ungovernable, had been guilty of the folly and indecency of coming to Westminster in order to hear the decision. He was recognized by his sacerdotal garb and by his corpulent figure, and was hooted through the hall. Make care, said one, of the wolf-in-sheep's clothing. Make room, cried another, for the man with the pope in his belly. The acquitted prelates took refuge from the crowd, which implored their blessing, and the nearest chapel where divine service was performing. Many churches were open on that morning throughout the capital, and many pious persons repaired thither. The bells of all the parishes of the city and liberties were ringing. The jury, meanwhile, could scarcely make their way out of the hall. They were forced to shake hands with hundreds. God bless you, cried the people. God prosper your families. You have done like honest good-natured gentlemen. You have saved us all to-day. As the noblemen who had appeared to support the good cause drove off, they flung from their carriage-windows hands full of money, and bade the crowd drink to the health of the king, the bishops, and the jury. The attorney went with the tidings to Sunderland, who happened to be conversing with the nuncio. "'Never,' said Pais, within man's memory, have there been such shouts and such tears of joy as to-day.' The king had that morning visited the camp on Harrensloe Heath. Sunderland instantly sent to Courier thither with the news. James was in Lord Feversham's tent when the express arrived. He was greatly disturbed and exclaimed in French, so much the worse for them. He soon set out for London. While he was present, respect prevented the soldiers from giving a loose to their feelings, but he had scarcely quitted the camp when he heard a great shouting behind him. He was surprised and asked what the uproar meant. "'Nothing,' was the answer. The soldiers are glad that the bishops are acquitted.  He might well be out of temper.  Had the prelates escaped on a kind of some technical defect in the case for the crown, had they escaped because they had not written the petition in Middlesex, or because it was impossible to prove, according to the strict rules of law, that they had delivered to the king the paper for which they were called in question, the prerogative would have suffered no shock. Happily for the country the fact of publication had been fully established. The Council for the Defence had therefore been forced to attack the dispensing power. They had attacked it with great learning, eloquence, and boldness. The advocates of the Government had been by universal acknowledgement overmatched in the contest. Not a single judge had ventured to declare that the declaration of indulgence was legal. One judge had in the strongest terms pronounced it illegal. The language of the whole town was that the dispensing power had received a fatal blow. Finch, who had the day before been universally reviled, was now universally applauded. He had been unwilling, it was said, to let the case be decided in a way which would have left the great constitutional question still doubtful. He had felt that a verdict which should acquit his clients without condemning the declaration of indulgence would be but half a victory. It is certain that Finch deserved neither the reproaches which had been cast on him while the event was doubtful nor the praises which he received when it had proved happy. It was absurd to blame him because, during the short delay which he occasioned, the crown lawyers unexpectedly discovered new evidence. It was equally absurd to suppose that he deliberately exposed his clients to risk in order to establish a general principle, and still more absurd was it to praise him for what would have been a gross violation of professional duty. That joyful day was followed by a not less joyous night. The bishops and some of their most respectable friends in vain exerted themselves to prevent tumultuous demonstrations of joy. They were within the memory of the oldest, not even on that evening on which it was known through London that the army of Scotland had declared for a free parliament, had the street spin in such a glare with bonfires. Around every bonfire crowds were drinking good health to the bishops and confusion to the papists. The windows were lighted with rows of candles. Each row consisted of seven, and the taper in the centre, which was taller than the rest, represented the primate. The noise of rockets, squibs and firearms was incessant.  Others were lighted before the doors of Roman Catholic peers. Lord Arendl of Wardock wisely quieted the mob with a little money, but at Salisbury House in the Strand an attempt at resistance was made. Lord Salisbury's servants sallied out and fired, but they killed only the unfortunate beedle of the parish who had come thither to put out the fire, and they were soon rited and driven back into the house. None of the spectacles of that night interested the common people so much, as one with which they had a few years before been familiar, and which they now, after a long interval, enjoyed once more the burning of the pope. This once familiar pageant is known to our generation only by descriptions and engravings. A figure, by no means resembling those rude representations of Guy Fawkes which are still paraded on the 5th of November, but made of wax with some skill, and adorned at no small expense with robes and a tiara, was mounted on a chair resembling that in which the bishops of Rome are still, on some great festivals, born through St Peter's Church to the High Altar. His holiness was generally accompanied by a train of cardinals and Jesuits. At his ear stood a buffoon disguised as a devil with horns and tail. No rich and zealous protestant grudged his guinea on such an occasion, and if rumour could be trusted the cost of the procession was sometimes not less than a thousand pines. After the pope had been born sometime in state over the heads of the multitude, he was committed to the flames with loud acclamations. In the time of the popularity of oats and shaft spray, this show was exhibited annually in Fleet Street before the windows of the Wieg Club on the anniversary of the birth of Queen Elizabeth. Such was the celebrity of these grotesque rites, that Barion once risked his life in order to peep at them from a hiding place. From the day when the Ryehouse plot was discovered, till the day of the acquittal of the bishops, the ceremony had been disused. Now, however, several popes made their appearance in different parts of London. The nancyre was much shocked, and the king was more hurt by this insult to his church than by all the other affronts which he had received. The magistrates, however, could do nothing. The Sunday had dawned, and the bells of the parish churches were ringing for early prayers before the fires began to languish and the crowds to disperse. A proclamation was speedily put forth against the rioters. Many of them, mostly young apprentices, were apprehended, but the bills were thrown out at the Middlesex Sessions. The magistrates, many of whom were Roman Catholics, expostulated with the grand jury, and sent them three or four times back, but to no purpose. Meanwhile, the glad tidings were flying to every part of the kingdom, and were everywhere received with rapture. Gloucester, Bedford, and Lichfield were among the places which were distinguished by peculiar zeal, but Bristol and Norwich, which stood nearest to London in population and wealth, approached nearest to London in enthusiasm on this joyful occasion. The prosecution of the bishops is an event which stands by itself in our history. It was the first and the last occasion on which two feelings of tremendous potency—two feelings which have generally been opposed to each other, and either of which, when strongly excited, has sufficed to convulse the state—were united in perfect harmony. Those feelings were love of the church, and love of freedom. During many generations every violent outbreak of high church feeling, with one exception, has been unfavorable to civil liberty. Every violent outbreak of zeal for liberty, with one exception, has been unfavorable to the authority and influence of the prelacy and the priesthood. In 1688 the cause of the hierarchy was, for a moment, that of the popular party. More than nine thousand clergymen, with the primate and his most respectable suffragans at their head, offered themselves to end your bonds and the spoiling of their goods for the great fundamental principle of our free constitution. The effect was a coalition which included the most zealous cavaliers, the most zealous republicans, and all the intermediate sections of the community. The spirit which had supported Hamden in the preceding generation, the spirit which, in the succeeding generation, supported Sachevril, combined to support the archbishop who was Hamden and Sachevril in one. Those classes of society which are most deeply interested in the preservation of order, which in troubled times are generally most ready to strengthen the hands of government, and which have a natural antipathy to agitators, followed without scruple the guidance of a venerable man, the first pier of the realm, the first minister of the church, a tori in politics, a saint in manners whom tyranny had in his own despite turned into a demagogue. Those on the other hand who had always abhorred episcopacy as a relic of popery and as an instrument of arbitrary power, now asked on bended knees the blessing of a prelate who was ready to wear fetters and to lay his aged limbs on bare stones rather than betray the interests of the Protestant religion and set the prerogative above the laws. With love of the church and with love of freedom was mingled at this great crisis a third feeling which is among the most honourable peculiarities of our national character. An individual oppressed by power, even when destitute of all claim to public respect and gratitude, generally finds strong sympathy among us. Thus, in the time of our grandfather's society was thrown into confusion by the persecution of Wilkes. We have ourselves seen the nation roused almost to madness by the wrongs of Queen Caroline. It is probable therefore that, even if no great political and religious interests had been staked on the event of the proceeding against the bishops, England would not have seen, without strong emotions of pity and anger, old men of stainless virtue pursued by the vengeance of a harsh and inexorable prince who owed to their fidelity the crown which he wore. Actuated by these sentiments our ancestors arrayed themselves against the government in one huge and compact mass. All ranks, all parties, all Protestant sects made up that vast phalanx. In the van were the lords spiritual and temporal, then came the landed gentry and the clergy, both the universities, all the inns of court, merchants, shopkeepers, farmers, the porters who plied in the streets of the great towns, the peasants who plowed the fields. The league against the king included the very foremost men who manned his ships, the very sentinels who guarded his palace. The names of Whig and Tory were for a moment forgotten. The old exclusionist took the old abhorah by the hand. Episcopalians, Presbyterians, independents, Baptists forgot their long feuds and remembered only their common Protestantism and their common danger. Divines bred in the school of Lord talked loudly not only of toleration but of comprehension. The Archbishop, soon after his acquittal, put forth a pastoral letter which is one of the most remarkable compositions of that age. He had, from his youth up, been at war with the nonconformists, and had repeatedly assailed them with unjust and unchristian asperity. His principal work was the hideous caricature of the Calvinistic theology. He had drawn up for the thirtieth of January, and for the twenty-ninth of May forms of prayer which reflected on the Puritans in language so strong that the government had thought fit to soften it down. But now his heart was melted and opened. He solemnly enjoined the bishops and clergy to have a very tender regard to their brethren, the Protestant dissenters, to visit them often, to entertain them hospitably, to discourse with them civilly, to persuade them if it might be to conform to the church, but, if that were found impossible, to join them heartily and affectionately in exertions for the blessed cause of the Reformation. Many pious persons in subsequent years remembered that time with bitter regret. They described it as a short glimpse of a golden age between two iron ages. Such lamentation, though natural, was not reasonable. The coalition of 1688 was produced, and could be produced, only by tyranny which approached to insanity, and by danger which threatened at once all the great institutions of the country. If there has never since been similar union, the reason is that there has never since been similar misgovernment. It must be remembered that, though concord is in itself better than discord, discord may indicate a better state of things than is indicated by concord. Calamity and peril often force men to combine. Prosperity and security often encourage them to separate. End of part 14


Aloha everyone. Thank you for joining me on Think Tech Hawaii. I am Shonda Park, your host for Money Talks. July is recognized as Buried Parents Awareness Month, and this month is dedicated to raising awareness for the support that is necessary when a parent endures the loss of a child. My guest today is Gabby Covea. She is a registered nurse with the resource team at Straub Medical Center. She is a grief recovery specialist, and she is the executive director and co-founder of LetGreaseIn. LetGreaseIn is a nonprofit organization established in 2017 after Gabby lost her five-year-old son Grayson in 2016. LetGreaseIn provides support to families after the loss of a child by providing services such as monthly therapeutic events, the grief support method educational classes, and hope retreats. I was introduced to Gabby by Halona Brooks shortly after my daughter's memorial service on Hulumua Farms January 10th of last year, and Gabby was looking for a retreat center and reached out to Hulumua Farms. I am grateful that I connected with her, her family, and her team of LetGreaseIn early on in my grief. Because of the services that they provide, I was able to receive love, receive support, and receive true understanding, which has been a blessing. Gabby, welcome, and thank you for being on the show today. Hi, thanks, Shawn. That's really my pleasure. Thank you. So let's start off by just talking about your story, your family, and the creation of LetGreaseIn. Okay, yeah. So my husband, Ka'el, and I had our first son, Grayson, in 2010. And he was a vibrant, healthy child, loved Legos and Star Wars and things with his friends. And shortly after his fifth birthday, we noticed unusual vomiting. It's worthwhile to say that I'm a nurse right by background. So I understood that this wasn't just a normal virus, that something was wrong. And he started having trouble holding his slipper on his left foot, which indicated for me some left sided weakness.  And there was no treatment at the time. And we were on an experimental protocol. He battled bravely nine months. No parent ever, ever, ever expects that this is going to be your story. And it was the hardest thing for us at that time. We just, it felt like our whole world had just imploded. And Grayson actually was a brave leader, always focusing on love. And we were all really focused on just spending that time in being with one another. So Grayson died in 2016 in our home on hospice. And she's been actually my greatest teacher in life. I'm so grateful to have him. We have two other daughters. They're now nine and five, Olivia and Charlotte. And we all are trying to love on in Grayson's honor. So how did you start and create this foundation? Let Grayson? Well, becoming a brief parent, you know, we were desperate to know other families. We were desperate to figure out how could we possibly survive when the pain was so unbearable, it felt like it would just kill us and take us out.  Just being able to to move through life is extremely difficult. And it actually wasn't something that I was, you know, woke up and was excited to do one day was something sort of that called to me over time, realizing how difficult it was to try to pair together services and find, you know, very specific loss experiences like ours. There was limited, very limited resources.  And as I started to trust that maybe this is what I was meant to do, I was supported, I felt by community and friends and heaven and our angels and what we needed was provided. And so it's kind of just been part of our journey and part of our own healing process to bring all of the resources that we've discovered and to partner with people in the community who want to bring healing and restoration to others together for our families. What a beautiful service that you provide. And one of the services is the monthly therapeutic events. So will you share a little bit more about that? Yeah, sure. So community is so important. I felt like community was such a big part of the healing process and knowing one another and sharing stories because it really normalizes what you're going through. You don't realize that there's so many other people sharing such a similar experience. The things that people say to you or how to deal or, you know, when someone asks you how many children you have, how difficult and how triggering that question can be. So every month we have a group. We eat together and we share. And there's an opportunity for community to build friendships and to be in a safe space to share your story, to remember your child, talk to other parents who do understand because they're on a similar journey. And so in addition to just sharing and group, we offer some sort of therapeutic activity and it varies and they're holistic. So they may be more for the physical body one month. They're usually all for the spirit. But there's emotional, all kinds of different things that we do hiking. We did an ocean clinic this past weekend where saltwater healing, getting in the water, community, even sharing a meal as therapeutic. We have horses coming up and we do basket weaving, mandalas. So there's just all different kinds of things that we engage our families in. And it's also an opportunity to see each other once a month or come together, you know, to just continue those friendships and bonds. I know that's a wonderful support for all the families that you provide your services for, that they have something on a monthly basis and to be able to have that connection with other families. And I know that you did a day retreat at Holomore Farms. You want to share about that? Yeah, sure. So during COVID, everything changed and in-person events were very difficult. So we had to shift, but we never stopped doing services. So this was actually right before the Delta variant came out and we did in all of the, similar to our hope retreat, retreat at Holomore Farms, it was all outdoors. So it was in a safer environment where we were able to, you know, unmask, walk, be in nature. It started with a memorial walk where we all witnessed our children on those beautiful, those signs, pictures, and we have different professionals that work within that basin. So our La'Aulapa'au Kumukodi specialist, he was the one who came and discussed and taught and we did group nature mandalas and had child life bereavement for our children, engaging in activities that day, and of course, lunch and community and togetherness. And really, when you're in nature, it's such a great opportunity to just soak up the sun and sort of reset and allow, you know, that healing and restoration to happen naturally. Hawaii is such a beautiful place and there was so much love and good energy there that day. Yes, I was a part of it and I'm so grateful that I was. And just to be able to even volunteer and give back, it's therapeutic, like you said, and being around the other families. Actually, my first event with you was on Mother's Day. And I didn't know how I was going to get through this day, you know, my first Mother's Day without Azalea. And to be able to shortly after that, participate in that day retreat with a whole more farms is very healing.  Can you share about the retreat that you had at Mokale'ia this past December and the retreat that you're going to be having this year? Yeah, so we also do extended time together. So here we have our 2019 retreat in Waimanalo and then last year's retreat in December at Mokale'ia. All of our families come together and do more of our therapeutic events in over an extended period of time.  And just like I did, you exhale, I think, and are able to commit to doing that grief work in whatever way suits you. So it's so individual. And everybody's grief is different. And everybody is at different point in their grief. And there's opportunity to share and to engage in the therapeutic activities to have group where we all discuss. We do meditation twice a day. And each retreat is unique, themed differently, and just led actually by spirit, whatever our team feels calls to do or feels is something that we really feel like would be a wonderful therapeutic opportunity for our families we do. And our retreat coming up in October this year will be Oslet Mokale'ia. So they have a lodge there. It's 18 bedrooms. So we're able to rent the whole lodge, invite volunteers. We do campfire and fan crabbing. This year, our theme is on movement. So we have yoga instruction coming in. We're talking about how grief lives in our body, how we move big energy activities. Pana alipay from CrossFit White Pio will be there to help us with the energy movement and activity. And activity and movement helps in so many different ways. And sometimes when we can't express with words, body and movement can be a way that we process and move grief through our body and have an opportunity also to try out things maybe we haven't done before or we forgot that we love and see what feels good to kind of move it forward into our everyday life, so that we can cope and build our grief, recovery muscles around, you know, this bigger, around our grief, so that we can hold it differently. Thank you for sharing that. I was a part of your retreat in December. And I remember struggling with the decision of whether or not I was going to RSVP because my daughter's one year was on December 21. And your retreat was on December 17 to the 20th. And I made the best decision in RSVPing because that your retreat that you put on was so well organized, and so helpful for all of the families, including mine, I was with my two other children and my life partner. And it really helped to heal and prepare myself for the very next day, which is December 21, Azalea's one year. So I hope so much. I don't know my schedule. I hope so much that I will be able to attend your retreat again this year in October. And you know, the next thing that I wanted to talk about is your website. I watched your video on the Let Grace in website, and you said you received overwhelming support from the community, from family, from friends and even complete strangers. And it touched you deeply how people came together to get you through. And you also said that it truly was one of the only ways to help you forget about the financial stresses and worries, and just be present with Grayson. So can you elaborate on the financial stresses and worries? Yeah, so Grayson had cancer. And like I mentioned, his type of brain cancer didn't have a standard of care meaning there wasn't a protocol, something that a hospital knew to do that actually helped. So this was extremely difficult. And so from the very beginning, our doctors explained to us that we would be doing the best that we could. But truthfully, the quality of life he had in the time that we were moving forward was what they really wanted us to focus on and be with him. It's extremely difficult to be in that position. But we could only move forward with the biggest hope for his care. And so we got an experimental protocol. And he was on lots of different chemotherapy. And because he was on a regimen that was still an experimental phase that hasn't really moved into a fully approved protocol, the insurance company wouldn't pay for the chemotherapy that he was on. It was very complicated. Grayson's tumor was very aggressive. So when we came in and got diagnosed and had an MRI just three days later, when they were preparing for surgery, they couldn't wait and do a biopsy first, the tumor was already bigger, which is like, incredibly aggressive. So literally every day, every hour, really made a difference. And we needed to start treatment right away. So one of the chemotherapies we were on cost $6,000 a month. And we needed to start immediately. And the insurance company, I think it was a problem with it being an experimental drug, they didn't feel like it. And we didn't have access to a physician for our physician to speak to a physician to physician. So we were in a situation where our treatment was being delayed and we couldn't wait. And, you know, $6,000 a month, it was something that we absolutely couldn't afford. And I stopped working immediately.  And my son was five. He needed me. He needed me to help me with his medication. He needed me to help with with his vomiting, his symptoms, his pain, his surgery for him, his emotional support. And so I wasn't working. At some point, my benefit ran out because I didn't have any more stick leave. I didn't have any more vacation time. And so also my insurance expired. So we were and insurance also wasn't covering everything. So there was a lot. I think that people don't always understand how complicated it is even to go through the bills and making sure that all of them are correct and that they're being billed properly. And just the idea of it being so overwhelming and not knowing, you know, what's going to happen to your son and on top of it, like not being able to work and then not being able to imagine how you're going to pay for everything that your son needs to survive is extremely overwhelming. How did you receive financial support and from where? So our physician actually had funding through a former patient of his. And through his very generous donations, there was an allotment of money that helped Grayson get his chemotherapy for the first couple of weeks until we could work something out with the drug company, a compassionate med program. And did you mention that there was also a daily medication that he had?  But he was on several chemotherapies, IV meeting to be admitted to the hospital. He was inpatient, he was outpatient a lot. So there was constant therapy and appointment and constant medications, day, night, middle of the night, for all different things for his treatment. And there was also a GoFundMe that was set up to help as well? Yeah, yeah. So one of our dear friends set up a GoFundMe account.  And the overwhelming generosity of friends and family, and people that we knew in high school, or as kids had come through and donated, and Kaew and I would just look at the list and cry. Because, you know, we really needed help. And we didn't know what we were going to do. And you just are just overwhelmed by gratitude and love when people reach out and help. I come together in that way. It's so beautiful. And it's really like unconditional love. People didn't, you know, expect us to repay them. They really, from their heart, in the most sincere way, wanted to love on our family. And we carry that with us still. And I think that it's a big motivation for us in the way that we really want to help others and love on others who are trying to make their way through a very dark day. We've been there, and we have the deepest compassion for that. And so it does inspire us all the time, all the love that we received.  And the way that you give back and provide for, you know, new families that you come across to be able to provide the support. And I just want to thank you for that. You know, everything that you receive now, you're giving back, you're giving back to the families, including me and my family. So I want to thank you, Gabby. I wanted to ask you another question. You know, you mentioned about Nakamakai yesterday. So I was able to see you at Hollywood Beach Park for your monthly therapeutic event. And you handed me this beautiful book. It's called My Journey with the Wind, A Magical Story of Grief. So what can you share about this? Yeah, so this year, we're so honored and grateful to publish a children's book about a grieving sibling. And so it, it's a children's book about a child who has lost their brother, and the journey through the tsunami waves of grief and the calming shore and experience through nature and the difficulty of kind of moving through. And so it's an introduction to emotion and a conversation opener for caregivers and families. And also includes a therapeutic section at the end where there's activities that at your own timing, you can move through suggestions of, you know, the treasure box of memories or a simple meditation for calming or thinking about, we talked about anniversaries and birthdays and events that come up and how can we potentially think about them and what we'll do and how we can prepare. And it's, it's, it's something that was a collaborative effort with our team. Ashley Wolf is a Child Life Improvement Specialist and our licensed therapist, Jessica Ando, who's also art therapist, the co-authored the book. And the three of us kind of came together with my experience as a bridge parent and their professional experience working with children in hospitals and the hospitals and in difficult situations to bring to life a resource for the community to hopefully bring some healing and restoration. And the cool thing also about the book is that everything goes back to recreation. So any sales, any profits from the book all go back to our bereaved families. And so it's available on Amazon for any family who's in need or a parent who wants to have a discussion about grief. There's so many things that are happening in our world today that are causing our children grief. There's so many hard things that they're going through, even as a conversation opener about what loss and pain is like, which is a completely normal and natural thing that every human goes through. Yet we don't talk about those things. This is an opportunity for anyone, any caregiver, any parent, any teacher, anyone in the community helping children with pain and loss to engage in conversation and activities. And just to have an opportunity to acknowledge how we all experience pain and grief in our own unique and individual ways. I had the opportunity to read the book, Sitting at the Beach. And it's such a wonderful book. Even though it's meant to be a children's book, it really helped me. And I just, I look forward to sharing it with everyone.  It's very beautifully done. It's a wonderful book. And thank you for gifting that to me yesterday. I'm going to share it with everyone that I come across. But Gabby, I want to thank you for being on again today. It's not an easy topic. So I want to thank you for being vulnerable and sharing your story with the world. Thank you so much for this opportunity. Appreciate you and all you're doing to make a difference in our community as well. Thanks, Shanda. I appreciate you too, Gabby, and your family and let Grace in. So thank you again. And I'll see everyone on the next Think Tech Hawaii show. Thank you. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please like us and click the subscribe button on YouTube and the follow button on Vimeo. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn, and donate to us at thinktechhawaii.com. Mahalo.


Okay very good morning. It is Monday the 1st of November and for any traders this week Do not forget because it's easy to do so, but UK clocks change at the weekend US clocks do not change until the end of this week And so the time differential between London and New York is four hours instead of five So major US data if you're based in the UK is going to be at 12 30 Obviously the nides you open at 130 for the whole week and definitely there's some big events happening this week Of course, you got the Fed on Wednesday night So it's gonna be a little bit earlier and you've got non-farm payrolls as well on Friday Which means you've got all of the major US data coming out as the prelude to that in the labor space But otherwise in terms of this briefing there's a lot for me to discuss I'm gonna keep the technical chat to an absolute minimum and just talk about the news and fundamentals of wrapping up What's happened at the weekend? We've had things like a Japanese election some commentary on the US EU trade and also an update on Brexit with the new spat happening on fishing between the UK and France and then we look at the week ahead I mentioned the Fed, but we've also got a really Hotly contested Hawks doves battle playing out in the Bank of England whether they're gonna hike rates or not this week on Thursday So we'll talk about that. We've also got the likes of the RBA Rate decision as well happening tonight going into this time tomorrow morning There's a whole bunch of earnings still coming out And then we've also got the OPEC plus meeting on Thursday as well with the US exerting again more pressure on some of those Middle-Eastern and African based oil producing Nations so that's what's on the agenda Let me just give you a quick flavor at least of the general charts for this morning and equity index futures are a touch higher We printed highs initially overnight In the US futures although have faded that move slightly so again north of 4,600 as far as the S&P future is concerned This came after Japanese equities were up more than 2% following the outcome of the election Which we'll look at the details in a moment otherwise in the FX space the overall currency pairs Are showing a little bit of dollar strength so both euro dollar and cable down Around 25 pips or so the dollar index is trading up about one-tenth of 1% this morning Gold flat T-notes pretty similar move to that and WCI crude is down and modestly Around 50 cents this morning sitting at the 83 dollar handle But let's go straight into it and talk about the news because as said lots to get through Starting off with yeah, Japanese equities actually moved higher nearly two and a half percent in overnight trade This came after the risk event on Sunday, which was the Japanese snap election and The outcome of that was the ruling coalition secured an election victory that was better than what many had it Expected paving the way for the administration And this is to kind of take home point that Kashida now can begin to enact further economic stimulus The more control you have in Parliament the more likelihood is that that can pass through without any hiccups The ruling LDP defied worst case scenarios to secure a majority by itself seats 261 seats while the party lost 15 seats The idea here was that the losses were far more contained than what forecasters were expecting so that's the Japanese situation so likewise the Japanese yen under the cover if you like of More fiscal stimulus just seeing the equity markets move higher the dollar a little bit bid So actually dolly end moving a little bit higher as well in overnight session Otherwise in terms of elsewhere just quickly US EU on Sunday took steps to re-establish a transatlantic trade flows in steel and aluminium It is part of a two-year ceasefire deal reached for the US to ease tariffs on European steel and aluminium and in return The European Commission has promised to EU member states that they will temporarily drop retaliatory tariffs Appause legal action in any World Trade Organization talks as well So some positive developments there after what had been a spat obviously that started during the 2018 period under the Trump administration On the inactioning of national security type tariffs that we had had put into place at the time And then on the Brexit front again not surprising to be quite honest Macron France have always been the thorn in Britain side if you like in Brexit negotiations Away from the Northern Ireland protocol of which the Brexit Minister Frost has come out with some Pretty frosty comments this morning on that particular Topic but this is looking more so on Britain and France clashing again on the post-Brexit Fishing Rowel the French government on Tuesday So Tuesday this week is set to introduce additional controls on goods moving across its border with the UK and block British fishing boats and offloading their catches in France This comes as a retaliation for what it sees as unjustified restrictions on French trawlers from Britain So that's the latest there and that deadlines tomorrow. So I'm sure you'll get more Brexit comments coming out over the next 24 hours Okay, so let's look at the week ahead First things first is on Wednesday. We have our next public finance accelerator Which is our fully hands-on practical online simulation that you can do to experience in reality sales trading market making And asset managing so just check that out amplify me.com you can register here just by booking for your free simulation And we'd love to get you on board for that and for you for yourself if you're a student to see What your skills are and based on their performance heat map of what potentially could be the best path for your career going forward So do check that out amplify me.com Also, if you just scroll to the bottom for anyone who is interested I do put out a daily email called the market maker Just punch your email into there hit subscribe and you're good to go And you'll start getting a daily email from me wrapping up some of the main market things that have happened on that day All right, let's look at the week ahead going to go through chronological order some really important central bank decisions happening because we're a real junction now for monetary policy overall and starting off with the RBA happening tonight and I've got a good quote here from Analysts at Goldman Sachs and they said the RBA appears to be dropping its yield curve control policy Their base case goldman's is now that the RBA acknowledges this at this this meeting happening tonight But it's a close call and they say they 40% chance that the RBA comes in to defend the target next week and delays a change in YCC policy until next year so Yeah, the idea here is about The relaxation of active your curve control would be tantamount to being A slight normalization of policy This is where they kind of pin down a certain part of the curve in order to just keep lending conditions suppressed In certain parts of the curve and in this case by dropping that because Australian yields have been moving quite aggressively higher Would be indicative of the fact that they're getting closer to that decision of just kind of removing that particular tool So something that's quite unique to the likes of the RBA the boj not something adopted by other western central banks like the Fed or the boe or ecb But that's the latest what we're looking out for on information tonight And then as far as the Fed is concerned, obviously this is a particular meaningful meeting in the sense of the formalization of tapering So they're very much expected to announce the 120 billion Dollar in monthly purchases and treasury bonds and mortgage match securities will start to be reduced However, the main thing here is this has been incredibly well telegraphed We've been talking about tapering for months and months So the tapering itself is not necessarily a market moving event albeit it's very It's a very big milestone for the commencement of normalization of policy Traders are going to be keen on a couple of different factors really What's the size and pace of the decreases and that's very much priced in for 15 billion a month in terms of the reductions But then in terms of the timeline as to Fed rate increases in future. That's the area. It's going to be quite key to watch Going forward. So while policy makers have previously been divided on whether they expect to raise rates in 2022 or 2023 investors are stepping up their bets in recent weeks that just given the increase and more stickiness of inflation and rising inflation expectations That they're going to it's going to force the fed's hands to raise rates well into 2022 Goldman Sachs as you can see here they now expect inflation will force the fed to hike in terms of a timeline They say in next july a year earlier than gs had previously expected The second increase then they say will follow in november of 2022 So they're looking for the first hike in july second in november 22 And then the central bank will raise rates two times the year after in 2023 So looking at four rate hikes by the end of 23 So again quite a substantial upgrade and acceleration of rate hikes on the back of inflation Which is the obviously recurring theme on the global level. I'm going to be covering this Live on the youtube channel. So if you are watching this video on youtube, just hit the subscribe button Hit the bell icon. You'll be notified as soon as I go live But i'm going to cover this live I'm going to cover the bank of england live and i'm going to cover non-farm payrolls all live on the youtube channel So hopefully that'll be useful Looking at the bank of england then this is this is arguably one of the Most interesting actually of of the lot on the on the week and the reason for that is it's just so Finally balanced and whether or not they're going to hike or not hike their interest rates and when a decision is that On the line typically then the reaction effect is going to be big whatever the outcome Given how 50 50 the market is generally seeing this So the bank of england will publish its monetary policy report And its decision on thursday and that's important because that means that we're getting their latest forecasts So unlike the fed an ecb who do it on the end of a courtly Kind of calendar. So march june step deck. It's a slightly off-paced But a similar cycle for the bank of england with their inflation and growth outlook forecasts In terms of that coming out in the last one's august. We now get the november report Andrew Bailey the governor is also going to of course hold his press conference Market pricing suggests interest rates are set to rise Above 1% by the end of 2022 reaching their highest level since 2009 with an initial 15 basis point increase Taking their benchmark rate from 0.1 to 0.25 percent. That's what's expected of this week And just having a look at this chart here. You can see then what what we've got here is a real big ramp up since the last Probably five or six weeks in the pricing of bank of england rate hike expectations Which is surged higher and a lot of this has come After some of the commentary that we've had from a lot of bank of england members And so just going to flip over to here to look at who and remind you of the mpc members Two of them have already voted for tighter policy So if you go the right hand side, it's the most hawkish members those more in favor of Kind of wrapping up qe and looking to hike interest rates more sooner And on the left is your more dovish the opposite case So you've got saunders and rams din Another two so hu pill the new chief economist and andrew bailey the governor Have all kind of talked about the idea of of higher rates. They've really not pushed back against market pricing of quite aggressive rate hikes in future And a looming rate hike happening this thursday That leaves then given the fact that these three here kathleen man ten reiro and johnson haskell have been quite clear that The economy as they they see it is not yet up to the point of rate hikes And so what bloomberg are suggesting is the balance of power in this decision on thursday Lies in the hands of the deputy governors ben brawbent and john cunliffe who tend to sit more center in terms of the spectrum But they're them shifting one way or the other is really set to be the deciding balance So whether or not the bank of england really pulled the trigger Um a couple of things then just going to jump over to i've got another graphic here This is four different potential scenarios for the bank of england I know it's a bit small to look out on the screen, but if you just jump on my twitter account You can access the actual image and this is a kind of potential scenarios In a in a card by how Dovish or hawkish the reaction would be by the analyst at ing Similar to the ecb one that we look at and so this is good to think about okay So what would constitute a kind of a baseline reaction? What would be something then would be more dovish and and what type of complexion would it need to come on growth and inflation And forward guidance and information on future tightening to constitute those types of reactions And so yeah, the bank of england are going to publish their new economic forecasts for this decision Including its annual assessment on the supply side of the economy But analysts have said it's going to be missing some key information Policy makers have signaled in the boe that they'd like to see october's labor market data Showing any fallout from furlough's end before acting The point being is is that those figures will only be received just before the december meeting So at the moment if you're talking about the labor market specifically these npc members making their decision this week Are not armed with sufficient information about the quality of the labor market post furlough And does that mean that they're going to have to wait? There's other considerations, of course as well There's obviously the covet situation Decrease generally in efficacy rates the ability to roll out now booster shots Shots to the young demographic who are at school and so on And so there's some question marks there on the flip side. It's inflation inflation inflation Just like legard. I was kind of saying yesterday Last week and so that's what the the kind of argument is between the hawks and the doves So yeah, check check that out. That's going to be a really interesting event I and g add that if the bank of england's new forecast Shows inflation falling below target in the medium term the medium term We tend to refer to as a two-year horizon Based on these expectations It would be implicit hint that the market pricing has gone too far So by what they're saying is if inflation is showing Basically that it's going to peak now So peak inflationary pressures and then it's by a two-year horizon It would have moderated back below two percent Then that would be indicative by the forecast because they will not be explicit in what they say You'll have to read between the lines at the numbers of these forecasts Then that would be implicit that the market's got this wrong And actually it's overpriced and in that scenario the pound would decline quite aggressively So yeah, lots to chew over with this. I'd suggest that you tune in Just ahead of midday on Thursday and I'll cover this all live and go into it in more detail again And then you've got an OPEC meeting happening on Thursday You probably read some headlines over the weekend. The US is talking to other energy consuming nations about how to Put pressure on OPEC plus to boost output to address the current supply crunch according to senior US officials The leaders also discussed how they might respond if the OPEC plus group and including russia doesn't take action Although they would not speculate on what those options might be As we've mentioned before given the price Just last week we saw get up to 85 dollars. So these are multi-year highs It's putting higher energy prices Germany globally starting to inflation. It's more expensive at the pump. This is politically quite Harmful, particularly in the US and so on and so the US continuing to just up the ante on that kind of rhetoric In terms of what the OPEC meeting is likely to be though The outcome is the OPEC plus are probably going to ignore a lot of these requests Particularly led by the US and they're likely to stick to the scripts and raise output in december But by no more than the previously Agreed timeline, which is a 400,000 bpd increase as they go months to month Which is much much more steady than what the US would like, which is much more sizeable faster return At this point in time to tame some of the price rise And then looking at non-farm payrolls we've got non-farm payrolls, of course on friday That does mean that the US calendar generally is stacked with the usual suspects We've got us ism manufacturing PMI today. You've got ism services PMI ADP national employment and factory orders on wednesday weekly jobless on thursday So all of that then as the prelude to the labor report will get on friday Now the headline is expected to come in at 400k, which would put us back at the august type reading We've had generally a series of sluggish jobs numbers now 366 and then 194 the lowball that we had last time out And just having a look here to remind you that was the lowest so far this year and the 194,000 we printed in september Was against expectations of 500,000 so it was a considerable miss overall Evidence of further weakness in friday's report could temper expectations of Rate increases, but by then obviously the trigger is likely to have already been pulled on the lights of tapering on wednesday and midweek So yeah, it's more for the market's perception about rate hikes thereafter At this point in time, but quite honestly whether it comes in at 400 Whether it comes in at 600k whether it comes in at 100k I don't think it really makes too much of a big difference to that outlook specifically giving the time horizon Related with future rate hikes being quite far out irrespective of it being perhaps as soon as just several months away The other notable things happening is earnings continue to roll on Again, you can check this on my twitter account if it's a bit small to see and we've kind of had really the bulk of the major Index weighted companies report, particularly the mega cap week that we had the blockbuster week last week But there is 167 s and p 500 companies reporting only one of the dow Some highlights include the likes of fizer on tuesday conico phillips You got cvs health on wednesday coolcom as well after market on that day. You've got madonna pre-market thursday uber air bnb interest could Generate some interest as well as peloton after market on thursday And so on and then finally evergrammed can't go a briefing without mentioning the embattled Chinese developer They've got a unit which you're probably unfamiliar with called scenery journey limited And they have an 82 and a half million dollar in coupons on two dollar bonds that come due This weekend. Um, so I think it's on saturday Yep saturday, so again whenever this has occurred they generally Don't pay this they then go into the thursday grace period and then they pay it right at the last moment I would expect that to continue to happen All right, going to leave it there. It's obviously quite a lot to digest Again my full meeting notes if you like for this Again available from my twitter account. So I'll leave it at that wish you guys a great week ahead Don't forget as I said the fed the bank of england non-farm payrolls all be Three will be covered live on the youtube channel. So hopefully I'll see you on live and Look, um, excited to to get involved and take your questions on those events as they happen. All right. Take care


Let's solve a couple of questions on AC circuits involving only a single component, either an inductor, a capacitor or a resistor. Now in this question we have this AC circuit where the current in a circuit is given by the function I0 sin omega t. And the question is to figure out which of these best represents the voltage of this source. So let us see the options. The options are V0 sin omega t, cos omega t and the option C and D. Alright, before I jump into this, why don't you pause the video and first attempt this one on your own. Alright, let me scroll this up. We will have a look at the options later. Okay, let's try and think about how would this inductor behave when there is a current in the circuit. As there is current passing through the circuit, there is current passing through the coils of the inductor as well. And we know if there is current passing through the coils or any wire, there will be a magnetic field generated due to that. Since this is an AC source, the current constantly oscillates. So that means that even the strength of the magnetic field that is produced due to the current in these coils, even that changes. And that implies that the flux of the magnetic field through these coils, even that changes as the current is changing. So let us write that there is current which changes. That leads to change in the magnetic field. And that leads to the change in flux. Now why don't you pause the video and think about how would the inductor respond to that? How would the inductor respond to change in magnetic flux through its coils? Alright, we know from Paradis Law that whenever there is a change in flux through a coil, the coil responds to that by opposing the change in flux. In this case, how would that really look like? So to oppose the change in flux, the inductor would have to oppose a change in current. And that implies that as the voltage is changing, the current is not changing immediately with it. But in fact it is changing with a lag because of the opposition. It takes some time for the current to build up. The current is in fact lagging the voltage or we can say that the voltage is leading the current. This can be expressed using the phase or the idea of phase difference. There is a phase difference between the current and the voltage. And using that phase difference, we can try and figure out the phase of the voltage source and maybe then the function of the voltage source. So let's do that. Now here we have the current function which is I0 sin omega t. And this argument omega t, this is what is called the phase. In this case omega t, the argument omega t is the phase of the current function. And now you might know that the phase difference between the voltage and the current in a purely inductive circuit, in a purely inductive circuit is 90 degrees and the voltage leads the current by 90 degrees because it took some time for the current to build up right. So the current is lagging the voltage or we can say that the voltage is leading the current by 90 degrees or pi by 2 radians. So we can express that in this manner, the phase of the voltage, it leads the current. It leads the current by 90 degrees. Now if we try and write the function of the voltage that would be V0 sin and now the phase of the voltage that would be this right here. And instead of this argument, we can write the phase of the current plus 90 degrees. So when we do that, that would be V0 sin omega t, I'm writing omega t, but this right here is just omega t. So that is omega t plus omega t plus 90 degrees. And now we can use one trigonometric identity over here. So let me write that, let me write that, let me write the identity right here. This is sin 90 plus theta, 90 plus theta that equals cos theta. And here theta is omega t and we already have 90. So sin omega t plus 90 would just become cos omega t. So if it becomes that then the final function of the voltage that is V0 cos omega t. Now let's check our options and in this case that is option number, option number b. You can try more questions from the exercise in this lesson and if you are watching on YouTube then the exercise link is added in the description. Let's move on to our second question now. Here the question says that the AC voltage and the current are given by these two functions. Current is given by I0 sin omega t and the voltage is given by minus V0 cos omega The question is to figure out the circuit element. The circuit element attached to the AC source. There are three options, there is resistor, inductor and capacitor. Before I get into this, why don't you pause the video and try to figure this out on your own. Alright, now the job is to figure out the circuit element. So if we know whether the current is leading or lagging or in phase with the voltage then we should be able to figure out what the circuit element is, right? Because I know that for resistor current and voltage are in phase and these two definitely do not look like that they are in phase. So but anyway, we will check that. I know that in an inductor the current lacks a voltage by 90 degrees or pi by 2. And in a capacitor the opposite is true. The current leads the voltage by a phase difference of pi by 2 or 90 degrees. So how can we figure out if the current is lagging or leading the voltage? For this, maybe the first step could be that we bring both of them to the same trigonometric function. Like both of them should say sine or both of them should say cos. After that we can then look at the phases. We can compare the phases and identify which one is leading, which one is lagging. Since current over here is given in sine, let's try and bring the voltage function to a sine function also. Voltage over here is given in cos omega t. And if I want to change cos into sine, I can use a trigonometric identity which looks like this. Cos theta that equals sine 90 minus theta. There is this one. There is also sine 90 plus theta. Now which one can I use? Maybe I can use both. Let's see. Let me use the second one first. Let me use this one first and see where we land. So cos theta is sine 90 plus theta. That means cos omega t. That means cos omega t. That will be sine 90 plus omega t. So this is minus v0 cos omega t, the voltage function. That becomes minus v0. That becomes sine 90. Let me write this in this manner. Let me write omega t plus 90. It's the same. Let me write omega t plus 90. But there is a negative sign outside. Over here we can use one more trigonometric identity. This is the first one. We can use one more which looks like this. When it says minus sine theta, we can write this as sine of minus theta. The argument can become minus theta. This is minus v0 sine omega t plus 90. Therefore we can write this as v0 sine minus omega t plus 90. This becomes v0 sine minus omega t minus 90. The current function is i0 sine omega t. But there is a problem. How can we compare this now? There is plus omega t over here and there is minus omega t. It's not a good way to compare and figure out the phase difference. This one didn't work. Let's use the first identity. Let's use this one. Let me make some space. The sine 90 plus theta 1 didn't work. Now we are writing v equals to minus v0 cos omega t as minus v0 cosine of 90 minus omega t. What is theta? Theta here is omega t. 90 minus omega t. If we use the second identity, minus sine theta is sine of minus theta. Minus goes into the argument and when it goes into the argument, I can write this as, in this manner, this is minus 90 minus omega t. Now when this minus goes inside the bracket, this becomes v0 sine minus of minus becomes plus. That's plus omega t and minus 90. Now I think we have something. Now we can compare these two functions. And what do we see when we compare them? We can see that the phase of the voltage function, the phase of the voltage function is omega t minus 90. And the phase of the current function is just, this is just omega t. Now definitely they are not equal to each other. So it cannot be a resistor. So it's all between these two, inductor or capacitor. Now let's try and express one phase, the voltage phase in terms of the current phase. So when we do that, we can write this, voltage phase is this is omega t, this is omega t minus 90. And the current phase, the current phase is just omega t. You might be seeing where this is going now. If we subtract them, this is phase of voltage minus phase of current that is equal to minus 90. That is equal to minus minus 90 because omega t just gets cancelled. And if we take the current, the phase current to the right hand side, that becomes, that finally becomes the phase of voltage that equals the phase of current minus 90 degrees. Now with this expression, we can see that voltage is in fact lagging the current by 90 or pi by 2 radians by a phase of 90 degrees. The current is leading the voltage. The voltage is lagging the current. And I know that in an inductor, the voltage leads the current. It does not lag the current. Whereas in a capacitor, to change the voltage across a capacitor, we need to change the amount of charge that the plates have, right? For this, we need to run a current first. And only after the current runs, does the voltage of the capacitor change. So the current leads the voltage in a capacitor or as we see with this expression, the voltage lags the current. And therefore, the right option for this one is option C. Again, try more questions from this exercise in this lesson. And if you're on YouTube, do find the link to the exercise that is added in the description.


Happy New Year, my friend and friends, and to celebrate entering the new year. First of all, I can't believe it's already 2024. That's crazy. I thought it would be fun to take a look at some of the newer CSS features that we have that sort of go under the radar, but that would probably be good to be included in a CSS reset. So let's jump on right over to here where I have nothing set up and I have talked about a very simple reset before that looked something like this right here. Then there you go. It's not doing too much. But if we look, it gives us a dark mode. It is a little bit opinionated because we're doing a font inherit on the star selector here, which you definitely don't have to do, but a nice very simple, very short reset. And it does basically the job we want it to, but there's some improvements we can make to this. Now to highlight what some of those improvements are, I'm going to put some font sizes here on the titles just because it makes them a lot bigger and a little bit easier to see and explain what some of these other parts are. Because the first thing I want to do is to deal with large font sizes, which is this right here where you select all your headings and do a text wrap of balance. And when I do that, you'll see this part here, this section two that I have, if I turn that off, it's going all the way across. And then we get these two little lonely words all the way over here. And so text wrap balance is a nice one that balances out when we have headings or things like that. One reason I'm only doing it on my headings is it only works with text that is between two, and I believe four lines long might even only be three. It's really meant to balance out long bits of text that are more for headlines than anything else. And we do actually have an alternative that is for our longer text, which I also think is worth putting into our reset for our paragraphs. And maybe you could include a few other selectors here, which is a text wrap of pretty. And when I do that right now, we're not actually seeing a difference. But before I worry about why this isn't doing anything yet. And it's just where my line breaks are, I am going to come in and suggest another thing that we put on our paragraphs, which is a max width. And what this is is completely up to you, but it should be no bigger than 75 CH, because that's a comfortable line length to read on anything longer than that is a little bit long. So these two together very nice, they work well. And the nice thing with using the CH unit here is if I did change my font size, you probably do this on your body and not your paragraph, but just to illustrate how it works. Let's really exaggerate by making it a 1.5 or maybe even a 1.75. But you'll notice that the lines are breaking at the same place. It's not a fixed unit, it's based on the font size that we're using. So bigger, smaller fonts, it's always going to keep a nice balance there. And you just come in with something that works. And maybe this could even be a custom property within your reset that you then change project to project depending on what you need. So that I think looks much better. So I think that is definitely worth including in your reset. But circling back to that idea of pretty, it really depends on how these are breaking. So I mucked around here for a minute, and I got this max width of 62. And you'll notice this paragraph here. And actually, while we're here, let's do a margin bottom of two RAM just to really separate our paragraphs. So we can see them a little bit more clearly, because again, part of my original reset did nuke all of the margins. So just for demo purposes, we'll bring that back in there. And notice how you get this one little lonely word there. And when this happens in typography, this is called an orphan. And we don't want to have any orphans, we want to avoid them. And in typography, in general, this is sort of a bad thing that you don't want to happen, just because it creates awkward gaps and stuff. This is where text wrap pretty will come in, and it will prevent any orphans from happening. You can see this other word has come down onto that line. And so just like the text wrap balance here is not this big change that it's making, it's just a really small improvement. And in both cases, the pretty does not have the greatest browser support and balance isn't the best in the world either. But if browsers don't have it, that's fine. Nothing breaks on your website.  And as more browsers gain support for it, and more people have, then they get the nicer experience. So a nice little solution right there. Now, another thing, and just to highlight a little bit more how these next two are going to work, let's just come all the way in my body here, do not do this, this is not part of it. I'm just going to say padding of like 4 RAM or something just to get everything off the edges of the screen. Because it wasn't looking too fantastic. And so with that in place, let's come down to here, and I'm going to throw this in here. And this is an interesting one because it's definitely a bit newer because we're using the has pseudo selector here. But you'll notice I'm putting all this in a prefers reduced motion, no preference. And the idea here is that if we have a site that has, you know, different sections or something that has in page scrolling, we're going to introduce that in. But in general, if you do that, it is better to have this one inside of the prefers reduced motion, no preference, just so somebody is opted out, they're not going to get scrolling because they've opted out of having those types of motions. So we want to respect that. And then we bring this in and you might be saying, Kevin, we do not need to do that. We could do something like this instead. If you prefer, this is completely fine. This is definitely something that you could do and have in there. And you'll notice it's working exactly the same. So if it works exactly the same, then why would I want to do this? And the reason for that is, and this, it's definitely a little bit more of like a niche use case. But it's in the world where let's just pretend we had something like this, where we have this like limited scroll bar area where we're scrolling inside. So I have the scroll bar here. If I do this as my HTML here, HTML. And actually, it's just doing max max width of 50 VW this way to just so you can see the scroll bar and it's not under my head. So we can see we get the scroll bar here. If I have this on my HTML, well, then this does not have smooth scrolling. It just jumps around. Definitely a bit of a niche use case, but one of those things that could come up. So instead we can say has target. If anything has something that's being targeted inside and anything that's being targeted inside is when you have these types of links that are, you know, an anchor link actually anchoring to somewhere within the same page. And now whether we have this, you know, area here with its own scroll bar, or if we're looking at the HTML element, my scroll behavior smooth is going to come in. And while we're on this note, another thing that I would add with the scroll behavior smooth here is to also have a scroll padding top. And let's just come in with like a three ram or something like that. And what that means is if I click on section three, you'll notice, you know what we're going to do here on the content. Let's put a border of five pixels solid lime. So when I click, let's go to my section two, you'll see that there's a space above the text here.  And it says nice that when it scrolls and it stops, we wanted to stop with a little bit of extra space, what unit you put, how much space you put here, it's completely up to you. I tend to go with a larger number of three to five ram. I know some people do very small amounts. It does change depending on your use case. Also, if you have a sticky header, this would prevent things from going underneath your sticky header, which is super useful. You just have to make sure it's big enough to prevent it from going underneath. So that can be really good. And of course, even if we turn all of this weird stuff off, and I'm doing it on like a page by page basis, when I go to section one, I'm not stopping right at the top here where section one is there it's sort of overshooting it just by a little bit. And then nice section two same thing where we're keeping it from being glued right to the top I just think it makes her a little bit of a nicer user experience. Let's get rid of that now though, because we wouldn't want to include that but these two being in here I think is definitely worth it. But again, if you want just a bit more better browser support, you could definitely come in here just with the HTML and that would be fine as well. And just before we get to the next one that we're going to be looking at here, I'd like to know if there's any things that you include in your reset that you don't normally see other people doing they could be progressive enhancements or just stuff that I haven't covered here maybe there's a font that you do some line height stuff whatever it is, leave some comments down below and let me know because maybe it'd be fun to actually create like a full reset that I could share with everybody and I would love to incorporate your own ideas into it. So please let me know in the comments what you would like to see in a general reset and don't be shy about including modern CSS and some other stuff along the way in there if you think that it helps out. Now with that let's get into the next one. Another thing that I would suggest doing is a little bit of an interesting one because what we're going to be doing is if we look here in my text let's go up to my section one and you'll see here whoops I have an extra character I have two extra characters but I'm starting the paragraph off with the quotation mark here and just to make it a little bit more obvious first of all let's shrink this down so we can see it properly but you'll notice I made that large class we're going to say large has a font size of three rem and you'll notice I have a quotation mark here and no it's really ugly just like we have orphans that are ugly when you start with a quotation mark or a few other things here you get this really awkward like lining up of space and everything and it does not look so good so just like we have the text wrap balance and a text wrap of pretty another thing that I would recommend is actually going all the way to my html where I have my color scheme that was coming in from that original reset that we talked about and to come in here and actually say that we're going to do a hanging punctuation first last and that looks really weird and when I hit save nothing changes because it's not supported in chrome which isn't the end of the world but if I come and I take a look at what this would look like in a webkit browser and I do apologize because the dark mode isn't working in here but over here in webkit you'll notice that the L is actually lining up with the letters underneath and this hanging off the side because we have hanging punctuation and this is just saying that it will be hanging punctuation if it is either the first or the last letter the last you probably won't get it too much but if ever you're in a weird situation where maybe it needs to happen at least it's going to look a little bit better and it won't wrap something just because of that final punctuation that you have at the end it doesn't do it for all characters if you'd like to know more information about this I'll put a link to the mdm as well as this article where I got the idea from on chris coyer's blog right here so I'll link that and you have some examples of of what it looks like and stuff but definitely I find it looks really ugly when it's like that and it looks so much nicer when it's like this hopefully other browsers start supporting this because safari's actually supported this since like 2006 or something ridiculous it's been forever I said six it's probably 2016 still that's a long time and no other browser supports it yet but just like my text drop balance like I said as more browsers start supporting it eventually hopefully maybe people will just get a better user experience and you know in the meantime it's not the end of the world that it's like this especially when like the font sizes are a little bit smaller and you'll notice I am putting this on the html and it's inheriting which is handy we don't have to put it wherever we need it yeah when the text sizes are smaller it's not as bad though it does still leave that little small awkward space right there so just when you have it again let's just bring this up here and take a look it just looks a little bit better it's more natural when it hangs off the side and from you know any typography fans would would much prefer that and people in general you won't really notice it but it's just a nice little improvement on the overall look of your site and actually I keep bringing this up and talking about this webkit browser and you might notice I am on windows and this isn't actually safari but it is running webkit which is the engine behind safari on my windows computer if you'd like to know how I'm doing that so I can test how things are working there well I have covered that in a previous video that you can see right here and with that I would like to thank my neighbors of awesome who are johnny tim simon andrew and web on demand as well as all of my other patrons for their monthly support and of course until next time don't forget to make your corner of the internet just a little bit more awesome