Oxidative stress can cause damage to plant proteins, lipids, and DNA. Glycation damage, which occurs when sugar molecules react with protein or lipid molecules, has also been observed in plants. In maize, different types of cells show varying levels of damage depending on their growth rate. It appears that both oxidation and glycation play a role in causing damage to plant cells, and future research should focus on how these two processes interact to cause damage. This article was authored by Divakar Tripathi, Deline J. Oldenburg and Arnold J. Bendic.


Beth sy'n deall, yn unig. Felly mae'n ddwyg yn gallu gweld eich cyfnodol yn deissir. Felly, mae'r cadwch Cymru dros ddod yn gyfawr i ni, fel wrth gweithio fe non ym Mhulgu Paelahann. Bydd hyn yn cael ei ddweud am hwnna i ddweud, maen nhw'n gweithio ffas Fanshawn DxW. Mae'n ddweud yn ddweud yn cael ei gwybod yn cyflwr. Mae'n dweud â'r cherdd, yn gwlad. Mae'r cadwch Cymru yn cyfnodol yn ymgylchedd. Felly rydw i wneud weithio bod yn gweithio. Roeddwn i yn mynd yn eistedd, oedd eistedd felly maen nhw'n dechrau i'r slyg o blynyddu yng Nghymru, drwpw Llywodraeth i'r hyn nhw dda'r hyn sy'n dweud. Roeddwn i'n sanctwm Feippur Llywodraeth. Mae'n gweithio ar gyfer twestewid â'r parw hwnnw i'r hyn yw. Roeddwn i'n gweithio chael hiad ynghylch ar ni. Roeddwn i'n ddechrau hon o gyfrifwyr, a'n gweithio ar arhoed, Felly, we work with NGOs, nonprofits and public sector organisations, predominantly.. ..bein gweithio ar 2011, and we're a worker co-op, co-owned about 18 of us now.. ..and we continue to grow slowly, organically. Feel free to get into it if you've got any questions.. ..or if there's any questions during the talk, feel free to put your hand up.. ..and we can take them as we go.  Felly, mae'n gweithio'r ddweithio'n gweithio i ddweithio'r ddweithio'n gweithio, a oedd yn Llyfrgell pethau Gwyrddon, Offryd, Ffyrdd, ac mae'n ddwylliant o fodwch ar gyfer FFW i ddefnyddio'r gweithio yn ein ddau'r ddau'r arfer o'r reisarch ac yn y bwysig o'r ddau'r cyffredinol cwmprwyddiadau sydd gennymau drwy ymgyrchol ymgyrchol, ac mae'n ddatblygu ei bod yn gweithio'r ddau'r FFW. Mae'n ddau'r ddau'r ddau'r cyffredinol sydd yn gweithio'r gweithio'r ddau ymgyrchol, fel ychwanegwch ar gweithio'r mig oedd yn gwneud o'r ffordd ydych chi'n cael ei ddweud o'r cymryd. Mae'r gweithbeth yn holl bwysigol o'r ddweud arall, ond oedd yn cael ei ddweud o'r cymryd yn y ddweud. A dyna'n golygu o'r cyfnodd y cyfnodd yw Andrew Katz, y cyfnodd ddweud o'r llai oeithr. Cymru i'w dda'r blaen i'r llai o'r cyfnodd, ar hyn yn y ddweud yng Ngharffwyr, ac y cyfnodd cyfnodd yma yn ei ddweud o'r llai o'r llai o'r llai o'r llai o'r cyfnodd. Ac yna'n ymddangos hynny'n hystafell yw gweld y gallai cyfnodd. The point will use to work with Brighton and Ho, city council, where Andy works, and now as a developer. I'm not sure were you there at the time where we're working there. A couple of years ago he worked there for a year to help Brighton and Ho put together a fantastic Drupal site or Drupal 8 mae foesu pwysig i'r ddadl wedi我lywodau gwneud sefydlu ILEF a MIGOL i'r dduffyn yn de hun o ddufyn, mae nhw'n buenas. Rydym yn cyflawni wefweyl y ddiddorol gyda'r reilins yn ei fod yn ddiddorol gyda'r ddufyn a'i fod yn beth ai'r newydd. Rydw i'r llai bwysig o'r ddodol, oedd ychydig yn dechrau i ddadl y ddysgueth gan gweithio gyda'r ddedaeth.  Mae'n rhaid i'r Cholwyddiadol. Yn ymwneud eich llwyddiadol. Daer日wg i yôl ymwneud ar gyfer gyfer gyda Ffantyr Gyda, felly mae'n gwybod nhw'n cael ei gydag o Gymraeg Thosegol. Mae'n gwybod nhw'n gwybod nhw'n arlendod eich Mweol, a gywedd pan fydd yn Y Ffantyr Cyflawn, ond Gydangodd William, Being at head of GDS Government Digital Services is now heading up the digital sector of Coroling Council and says can you come and help us build a website. So, with the connection between Brighton, we said hey Brighton guys can we use your code, can we use you know let's not reinvent the wheel here. So the London Byer Coroling website was developed in a fraction of the time, around about a third of the time. gwneud y cydn upbeat o maes o ganddo a wneud. O beth o'i pointo yw rhoi'r cydnod yn ei cael cyfrifod y gallwn o'r rhaid. Yn oedd y cyfrifod yn rhoi rel..! Roedd ydych chi'n gofod yn unig y gwir. Roedd ydych chi? Roedd efallai cerddwad! Mae'n grwm yn diogel rôl yn 3 o 4 mlynedd, sydd言odd yn ei hun i'r rôl, ac mae'r cyfrifod maes o ganddo yw, dwi'n pwynydd i'n gweithio'n amlenniad. that you've then got six months to do or eight months to do even more within a same budget or you could look at it as a cost savings. But there's a bit of benefits case coming up from Reeled. No it's fine get to interject to his那就 so yeah, wonderful story is short, the work that has been done at right home a facilitated poed and doing it much quicker. None of that could have happened without some key people who I don't know who these are this is one of seven slides, but his point being that felly knows how things won't happen. So, you need people in procurement who are making decisions to actually understand that sharing code is a good thing and understand how open source can work – that was facilitated in this point, in this case by a few key people. Moving on to this discovery phase – it's kicked off with a problem statement. It doesn't usualy to continue to do the same thing because of how important this was to me Felly, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n cyngorol, a gallwn i'r cwyslwyddiant, i'r cofdeithasol i'r cyfrifwyr i ddechrau i ddechrau o gwybran o gyfrifwyr ar gyfer swyddfyniadau dechreu. Felly, mae'r ysgrifffydd yn yn gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Felly, mae'r Gwyr Nŵr, sy'n fyddod o'r ffordd i ddweud, ymgyrch yn gweithio'n gweithio, a'u gyfrifwyr, Do you have scope to go wider later, but we are definitely just focusing on the Drupal. A quick slide just on the potential scope of this, which I thought I put in here, it also comes in later, but just looking at CMS usage by councils. Drupal comes in at number two, about 60 wide round of 400-ish councils in the UK, just behind Jardee which is a proprietary CMS. So there are 60 odd councils using Drupal already, Drupal seven and eight, ac mae'n arweinyddio'r ganddlu ar rhan o'r cyllid yw'r llyfr ac yn ymddangosol bwysig. Ond ydych chi'n gallu bod yn ymddangosol ar y cynnig sy'n gallu'r cyllid cyllid yn ymddangosol. Yn amgylcheddol, mae'n ymddangosol, mae'n cael ei fod yn cael ei fod yn ymddangosol. Yn amgylcheddol, mae'n gwybod ei gael o'r 10 cyllid cyllid cyllid yn ymddangosol, mae bywch chi'n gallu ddigonwch. Mae wedi'i'r ddweud o'r modd, ddigonwch, ydych yn teimlo, mae'r cyfrifolau gweithio i gael yswith, felly mwyaf i'r bod ni'n gallu'n grateful i'w pwysig yma. Rydym ni'n gallu bod nifer i mi fydiannau.  Dyma'r ymddiriaeth ffais ar gyfer, sy'n gweithio yn fwy o'r gwybod yma'r Gŵr Nŵr. Dwi'n rhai, dwi'n rhai, dwi'n rhai. Mae'n rhai, rai, mwy o'r ymddiriannol. Dwi'n rhai. Dwi'n rhai. Yn dynèteidiau fe ddim wedi ei wneud i gwybod, byddai'n fawr ar gyfer Llywodraeth Llywodraethol i gynnar. Felly mae'r gwir datwch hwnnw i ddim hwnnw, yn gwael i gynnar cyffredinol ac yn ei gweithgaredd ohono'r pwysg. Mae'r cyffredinol iawn yw'r hanchyn cysyllt yma i groesu gwir hoffennu amgylcheddol â'r gweithredinol. yn ymgyrch yn gyda'r buddysgu i'w ddweud i ddamwg i gael ysgrifennu wir. Mae'r enw i'r bwyllt yw'r cyfrwmau hefyd ar 5 o 5 o'r cyfrwmau maen nhw. Mae'n gweithio'n gwneud y gweithio. Mae'n cyfrwmau'n cael ei ddweud. Mae'r lleol efo'i gynhyrch ar bobl yw'r cyfrwmau ar arfer ganweithio i'r cyfrwmau. Mae'n cael ei ddweud ar hyn o'r cyfrwmau. Mae'n cael ei ddweud ar y cyfrwmau. Cynidaethau'n unig, ond mae'r unig yn my news yng Nghymru yn y Caelwyr. ond nid yma'n ystafell o'r canlyniadau. Mae'n mynd i'n mynd i'r unig yn y caelwyr, mae nad oedd yma â'r ysgrifennu bywyr erbyn. Mae'n mynd i'n mynd i'n mynd i'n ôl i'r llyfr ar gyllide他们g o bwrth â'r cyllid. Mae'n mynd i ddiddentol o'r canlyniadau i'n mynd i'n mynd i'n mult ffobored o'r ysgrifennu that can share ideas and experiences as well as code So not just, let's have a dيفol site but How did you decide to do that What kind of user research had you done around that sharing varied knowledge ideas and that sort of stuff Finding 3 Open Source I just realised I could look at this screen then I wouldn't have been out of my mind Yeah, Open Source and difeil in particular can work Well forirl for councillers Something that was perhaps surprising Blwysig i'n rhesaith cyfan i gyfan cyf aquatic i gyfan y llywag, ac y llywag o'r wyrdd y brawydol, wrth gwrs, a'r hoffi i ni, a'r hoffi i ni, ac wedi'i ein ffordd i'r hoffi i hyffordd anhygyflwyd y cwmwyaf. Mae 30% cwmwyaf yn ystafell gyda'r hoffi i'r hoffi i'r hoffi i mewn cyf dunig, ac rwy'n ddaf yn ddwy fel y cyf samen ar y linod.iable is seen as an exemplar and it is the biggest open source and the second biggest websites here in the first phase. Fourth finding from the research, co-chairing could work for centres with different starting points and different levels of capability, right? Yes, so some counties might want to take on a complete code base, ddweud o'r cwyl maeth o'r fan i'w mod i'w dweud yr oeddwn. Mae'r cyfnodau wedi ei wneud o'r cyfnod ddweud o'r cyfnod o'r cyfnod. Mae f Abdul Nhaid i ni'r prif, a'r Coylen, a'r ddwylo nhw'n rhoi'n ei wneud. Felly mae'r cyfnod o'r cyfnod wedi cinwseryn i chi gynnyddu cliff yn maen nhw bellwch wedi cwrdd ddwych i gwyl i gyrsynterfynolion yn perthynasio mewn gwirwyr o'u besodol. bydda'r ffyrdd, wrth gwrs, ond bydda'n fawr o'r bryddoedd. Felly mae'n rhan oedd y bryd o ddoch chi'n bwysig ar gyfer y Cysybeth yn ei ddweud. Mae'n ffyrdd o'r byd. 5th ddweud o'r bryd. Rwy'n fawr i'n gwybod i gydag blaen, ysgrifennol yn cymdeithasol, fyddwch yn gydag. Felly dyma'r ffordd, eithaf i ddigitio. Rydyn ni'n gwybod i'n cael eu bod mynd i'n gwybod i'n ddechrau, ac mae'n gwybod i'n gydag i ddigitio. mae'r bwysigau sydd y gallwch yn gennym. Ond efallai ymddangos yn cyd-dweithio'n cymdeithasol, a'r cyd-dweithio'n cyd-dweithio'n cyd-dweithio. Rwy'n dechrau i fynd i gael ymddangos. Ond, ond, mae'r byw fydd yn ei gwybod oherwydd y pryd yn ei gwybod yn ymddangos, a'r byw yn ymdill o'r adroddau. Mae'r byw yn ymddangos, ac mae'r byw yn ymddangos, rwy'n gwybod yn ei gwybod yn ymddangos. Rwy'n meddwl y dyfodol, mae'n ddiddordeb yn y dyfodol localu. Have anyone heard of this? No, nid ydym. I haven't heard of this. You must have heard of this. I haven't heard of this before, but a couple of years ago, the MHCLG Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government set out this local digital declaration, which is all around collaborating between local government, sharing ideas, sharing best practices, not reinventing Wales. It goes on to have this phrase, this important statement, where, appropriately, every new IT solution must operate according to technology code of practice, putting us in control of our service data, using open standards where they exist and contributing to their creation where they don't. Now, the technology code of practice is what's interesting. That's coming off gov.uk, and if you follow the links through, you end up on this code of practice, which then links through to saying be open and use open source. Around being open, publishing open source, it's embedded within this local digital declaration. That's something that really framed our project and continued to feed into the ideas of working in the open that this is stuff we need to do. It's interesting if you go and have a look at the local digital declaration because it has got some interesting stuff. I think I'm not sure. Maybe a couple of hundred of councils have signed up to it to say we will do this, but perhaps without really knowing what that means. Switching forces. This is another one of John's slides, which illustrates that there are some things that push people towards perhaps sharing COVID and doing things in a different way. Other things that pull organisations, stopping reinventing the wheel, multiplying the development effort. If two developers are bright and can be working on a bit of code, which actually two developers in Oxford are also working on, we can get more development capacity by collaborating. Some other things that pull back like inertia around European resources or limited capabilities and a bit of anxiety around the distrust of open source or will we need to support it all ourselves. Nothing insurmountable, but worth acknowledging all the same. This slide is around adoption password councils, acknowledging that some people are not. Some people have got an OK website, some people haven't. We're not really initially typing people who have got an OK website who are not on Drupal because that's a bit further off. But there's lots of people who are on Drupal. Maybe you need to upgrade to Drupal 70, Drupal 8. We'll be very interested in maybe adopting the complete code base. However, there are some people who may be happy with their Drupal 8 code base. I just want to take certain components. So, different needs from different councils need to be considered. So, that was the researched section of our discovery phase. The next piece in the puzzle was looking at the technical side of what's possible based on the code base that Brighton and Hove City Council and Croydon. So, is that what it sounds for? Brighton and Hove City Council, the CC, just stand-alone. Needed to check that. Croydon currently share. Are they both human to be counsellers?   I think so. I think they're kind of the same type of counsellers in that way. So, they're needed fairly similar. This is something that came up. We did speak to district councils and city councils in Oxford. We've got county council and the city council. So, that's... Not just to give you the brief on the local district cabinet, the digital person to look at me doing a website. Let's talk about it. Absolutely. So, I mean, there's a lot of people out there who are in the process of doing websites, who are about to start doing websites and so this is the time to start collaborating actively. So, that's part of our technical discovery work. It's just worth mentioning some of the great things that these websites have got. You know, there's a lot of sort of commonality in terms of how people will land on the homepage and want to get through to a particular service. There's a lot of thought gone into common design components. A lot of it leaving from the Gov.UK, best practices. A lot of people will be familiar with Gov.UK's design system. So, the original design that kind of came out at the Brighton website, which was then inherited by the Croydon, you know, largely was influenced by this design system, which includes styles, components and patterns. And this is, I guess, really at the heart of why a lot of time and effort can be saved because a lot of money went into doing user research to find these patterns and to look at the evidence-based design decisions, essentially, what works well for people. And so, rather than reinventing wheels at the local level, we use the components that make sense. So, a couple of things obviously, you know, a button. It looks like a simple thing, but the reason that's designed in that way is based on evidence and based on testing. And so, let's follow that. Maybe it doesn't have to be green, but maybe, you know, so I think I'm pretty sure that Brighton and Hove buttons look pretty similar to that, maybe a slightly different colour. But following that pattern, again, step by step is a classic design pattern that we've seen in government. If you have gone, you know, renewed a passable or something along those lines, or in this case, learned to drive, you'll have your kind of step-by-step process, you'll be able to see where you're at. And this is illustrated, in this case, on the Croydon site by a bunch of Drupal configuration and theming and custom code to essentially replicate that Gov UK pattern in a, you know, content types and related configuration along with the sort of component types of buttons that come on them. So taking all of this knowledge, you know, embedding it into the websites and then, you know, sharing that, not reinventing the wheels again is kind of the essence. So there's lots of really great work that's gone on Brighton and Hove and Croydon. Directory's being another one. Something of the Brighton and Hove website, Plumintur, all councils, you know, they'll need to find things in your local area, in this case, special educational needs and disability support. A reasonable amount of, you know, complexity of configuration and, you know, can be saved by just bundling that up hopefully without too many dependencies and passing it over. So that said, I just wanted to kind of give it a sort of overview of the value that we've got in these websites that we can potentially, you know, share essentially with each other, each other being, you know, local authorities. That said, we first focused on three important questions because we like threes. Is the code shareable? What's the proposed architecture going forward and how do we manage and scale that kind of contribution in a collaborative environment? So taking the first one, as you may imagine, we had to look at the code and the content architecture. We talked to the developers from Brighton and Hove and from Croydon and worked out, you know, how they were feeling about the different aspects and, you know, whether we were understanding it correctly, and then we came up with some recommendations, as you might expect. There's quite a lot of code. This is just a screenshot of some of the shared modules that, you know, I think there's about 30 odd modules that are shared between, you know, custom modules that are shared between the two sites and about 80 contrived modules or so. First thing, the code is generally well written, which is, you know, good, but it's not really written for sharing, as you might expect. I guess we'll come on to why in a moment. The dependencies really is what needs untangling. Back to that idea that we want to be able to, you know, break out directories or break out a little component and be able to use that separately. We really, you know, some people aren't going to want to use everything. So if we're going to be sharing, we need to untangle some of the dependencies. I mean, this is looking at the content dependency chain, where the purple boxes are content types and entity reference were illustrated by lines along with taxonomy terms and paragraph types and other things. There's a lot of interdependencies going on, which I think, you know, evolved in that way because that seemed like a good way to do it. But if we want to break some of these things out, we need to work out how to deal with those dependencies. So, and that's not even at a code level. So, yeah, proposed architecture, as you may expect, a Drupal distribution, including a Drupal core, which you probably need, a local graph core and some optional modules. But again, this is just an illustration of that for the visual purposes. These slides were originally used to present the back to the MXCLG, so I get the idea, I guess, maybe, since someone is preaching to converted here. Is anyone not familiar with Drupal distributions as a concept? No, everyone is great. So, yeah, lots of stuff in the core of the distribution and lots of stuff that's optional that can depend on the distribution. But again, it's all about dependencies, right? It's all about trying to, so, like, if that's directories up there, can I just take directories and use it separately from the distribution? Or can I take it with one of these modules that it depends on and, you know, try and make it much more useful, much more modular. So, yeah, I started kind of following on from that. That's kind of what I just said, really. We need to make changes to the content architecture to move the unnecessary dependencies and make it fully modular. We also need to make changes to the code because there's a lot of it. And again, it's got the same kind of, like, interdependencies within the code that have essentially evolved around the interdependencies of the content. So, these are our kind of recommendations, essentially, based on reviewing the technical, reviewing the code and the configuration. So, to avoid increasing future technical debt, those things I've just said, and then, you know, hearing the best practices in Drupal coding standards, which kind of comes onto how to manage and scale the contribution. At this stage, it's kind of, you know, a couple of developers at Brighton, a couple of developers was at Croydon working together, kind of, you know, working on their own and coming together in a sort of ad hoc, you know, sort of handshake arrangement. But I think going forward is kind of clear that we need to codify that, you know, to be really clear about adopting contribution guidelines, as we know and love in the Drupal community, and really kind of like establishing those in any of the developers who are going to be working together on a shared project. So, yeah, clear expectations, how you contribute, expectations around peer review of anything that's being contributed, coding standards, documentation, and automated testing. This kind of taps into the sort of fear that comes from some of the council, you know, councils that are kind of like, well, if we get into this, then, you know, what about, how do we know it's going to be good quality? How do we know that that what we're getting back from other contributors is going to not break outside? And so, obviously, automated testing is key. And following on from the kind of values that we talked about and working the open being open source, if we can have a fully open source project, people at GitLab provide testing for free, like, I think, 50,000 hours of testing a month or something like that. Just announce they're scaling that back anyway. Oh, quick, sign up now! So, Stephen says they're just announcing they're scaling that back. But anyway, there was open source testing stuff out there for free, which is great. So, to summarise, we want to build on the great work that's been to date, but we are expected to be more shareable and automate as much of the stuff as possible. So, that's the kind of, like, technical review of what we've got and where we're going. Governance and licensing was another strand of the work. So, and this is kind of key, obviously. Aaron, who's the colleague at our collective, led on this along with Andrew Katz, who's the open source lawyer from Morecrofts. And he looked at three important questions. As we do. What's the most appropriate model, as in the model of governance, but also the licensing model? How can organisations join, contribute and leave? So, this idea that there's a group that's a thing that we're going to join and leave, and what does that mean? And how might we take decisions? So, let's just look at what he said. We researched the governance and licensing of similar projects, and then we discussed and agreed what was good enough for now. There is a link there to, I think, some comparisons of open source models. But we did look at the Node.js Foundation, the Apache Foundation and the Perta Foundation, which is a healthcare foundation around sharing open source. And they all have slightly different but very interesting methods of governance. Looking at that and combining it with the research, we found that there's no need for a formally incorporated body of the state. So, not like a foundation or a company that's going to kind of own this and take this forward, that would be somewhat of a blocker to getting involved and would involve finance and complexities. Instead, an agreement that's a memorandum of understanding of a situation. Something lightweight that people can read, understand and sign up to that defines what it is that we're doing and why. And our third conclusion on that front was that licensing models are complicated or can be complicated. Undergats knows a lot about licensing and gave us lots of options and we looked through various models that there may be. But I think it came back down to the fact that we want to work in the open. We're working with open source software that's GPL in the first place, and if we can publish it, it makes sense to follow the GPL route. So, it became clear that that was definitely the path of least resistance. Not to say that there might not be other licensing models in the future that are compatible with GPL if that needs to happen. So, how can organisations join? Like I said, the MOU kind of defines that. The MOU covers these things. That's a kind of street job of it. There's a link to it there if you want to have a look. Purpose, values, IP and licensing, liability, which is potentially sometimes an issue. Governance, starting leaving and commitments of time and money. At this stage, we're not talking about any kind of commitment of money because that just keeps it simple. We're just talking about potentially people committing time to a group. And agreeing on what's going to happen with that time. Shall I just touch on a couple of these? It's really important to define the purpose of the group. So, I'm just going to read this one out. The purpose is to establish and grow an active group of councils to co-develop, share and maintain open source throughful code for our citizen-facing websites. So, it's really limiting it down to citizen-facing websites, which is kind of publishing, not even the transactional stuff where people come and fill forms in, but it's just the publishing of content for now, and specifically doofal. So, really just being clear what it is that people are selling up to. The values, this all comes from the local businesses declaration, which, you know, I'm pulling those things out. Open culture, working in the open, sharing of knowledge and experience. We're using as much as possible, and yet publishing everything under open source licenses. Like I said, the MOU, the MOU is a proposed MOU, whether we're going to test, hopefully, in an alpha stage. But it's gone down well so far. We had comments like, I don't think I've ever enjoyed reading an MOU before, but I did this time. And a very good doc, I like that it's concise. So, this is, you know, this is coming from councils, and this is positive sounds that hopefully we're setting up something that's lightweight enough, but specific enough to actually, you know, go forward. The more thorny question of how we make decisions is something that's going to, you know, yeah, it's going to be interesting to test, essentially. All of this is kind of proposals for testing, by the way, I should underline that. So, we looked at decision making processes in other open source projects and modelled how we might grow as a group. Cos we're talking about four councils initially, maybe eight to ten in a sort of alpha phase, and then what, 2050, all with product managers and developers. And, you know, how we made decisions, which way is the roadmap going? What's the most important feature to develop next? So, we proposed a combined approach, so, acknowledge me, there were different levels of decision making. For important decisions, consensus seeking is a good decision making model. Basically, trying to get everybody to agree. There's a kind of vote, yes, no, abstain to a proposal, but no votes must have a clear reason for no and or an alternative proposal to, you know, be a constructive no, essentially. And then a fallback onto a majority vote, if that fails. And what has been seen in other organisations like the Node.js Foundation is that that rarely ever gets to that point. So, having the backstop of the majority vote means that people can find agreement much, much easier and better. And they don't tend to kind of block decisions without, you know, really thinking about why is they're blocking it. So, that's feeling like important decisions, like changes to the MOU, like the fact that we're going to stop using Drewford and News WordPress or those kinds of things. For more, you know, day-to-day decisions that may be less risky and less, you know, less impact, lazy consensus is, seems to be a nice way to facilitate people to crack on with work. You know, an answer, you tend to do something, allow time for any objections to be raised, and if no one does, crack on. So, for things like, you know, commits to, to commit to code repositories in the Node.js Foundation, I think they use this, they kind of leave a period of 72 hours while reviewers can check, you know, anyone can object to something being committed if they don't. It just goes on, you know, gets committed. So, a way to facilitate action, essentially. So, to summarise, being open and transparent in collaboration is important, but not at the expense of empowering people to do work. So, that, you know, assumption that stuff is going to happen, but, you know, being able to challenge it if needed. So, benefits case that I mentioned we get on to. So, Will Calhann, formerly of Brightland Home, now at Croydon, would have been presenting this section. But, back to the distribution of CMSs in the UK, there's clearly benefit to 61 councillors who are using Drupal if they start to collaborate on immoral Drupal code rather than reinventing bits of it. Both just on sharing code, and also sharing best practices. There's also a massive potential, you know, to people who are not using Drupal yet, but potentially trying to push Drupal up to that side of the curve. What did he say here? Potential time and money savings. So, yeah, launching new council sites more quickly, building fewer standalone micro sites, reducing unnecessary customer content and sharing knowledge and skills made for this better. I guess it is what it says. So, I think, yeah, we'll just touch on a few of these here. So, forgive me. Go on. Sorry. Question. Should that be customer content rather than custom content? Or content? Content. So, unnecessary, I'll come onto that. And what's that? So, I think there is this side. Yeah, so customer, okay, that way. Customer contact is, you know, people phoning up or coming in to try and find information which could otherwise be delivered on the website. This could be a customer contact. Yeah. So, anecdotally, you know, improved websites reduces the amount of customer contact, which saves money, but it's very difficult to measure that. It'd be really good to try and measure that at some point. Because that's all about channel shift, getting people to stop phoning up and just finding the information on the website. And we haven't got any kind of figures on that, but what Will has prepared some figures on is looking at how much might be saved in, you know, broader strokes. Looking at different council types, people are switching from off-the-shelf solutions to Drupal. And that's been looking at saving, you know, 65,000 and 16 per round a year. I'll place them in a couple of examples. People are looking to do a one-off build or with an in-house team or with using an agency and some assumptions figures, which we think are quite conservative. Totally needs that, assuming there was 55 councils who might be doing this. We're looking at figures, so we know a few million pounds. Probably over a few years, maybe three, four years, depending on what your kind of life cycle or your expected lifetime of a website is. But again, hard to be accurate and specific, but broad strokes does seem to be there's potential. And if you scale that out from 55 councils to hundreds of councils, I mean, you know, we're talking about serious potential savings. Sorry, do you want to? I hate it when people do that, right? When you're just about to take a photo and they skip the slide to the next one. The slides are available on bit.ly slash localgov.doogle if you want them as well. It's microsites, microsites. So every council needs microsites apparently. They've got a new thing, the new co-branded campaign going on. They can't do it on their own website. It needs to look a bit different. It's got slightly different content. Some interesting things around accessibility testing, often costing, you know, increasingly costing a bit of money, and penetration testing costing quite a lot of money.  Oh, that needs to go through pen testing and other stuff. So there's costs involved there, which could be safe by having microsites on your main drupal site or even spun off as part of the distributions that you already know is past, you know, penetration testing and accessibility testing and potentially saving on design and dev time if you can persuade those people that you don't need to do any different design. I know Brian Hove and Corridon have got some campaigns pages now, which are sort of much more flexible in terms of content and branding and co-branding. And that's the kind of like microsite killer idea which could potentially save, you know, again millions of pounds across a number of councils. But yeah, to be seen. I mentioned the channel shift idea around, you know, reducing customer contact is very difficult to measure, but we will try to. So, apparently, every good collaboration needs a mission patch, which is also known as, well, I've never heard that phrase before with this project. He's learning a lot on this project. But at some point on a call, I was pictured wearing a fun hat. You know, I'd like to keep things fun in the office. I didn't know somebody was taking a photo of me at the time. But it was a productive call. But that's led to the mission patch having a nice drink of cotton with a cowboy hat, pink cowboy hat on the day for later. So stickers have been made. Unfortunately, I don't have any with me today, but stickers have been made and sent to us to celebrate the discovery phase that finished last Tuesday. So that's all good and fun. It makes it all worthwhile. Next steps is an alpha phase. So these phases are coming off sort of government, GDS kind of like recommended phases for services that are developed, you know, kind of like Discovery, Alpha, Beta and then Live or Launch or whatever. And MHCLG's funding is linked to these phases. So we've had funding for the discovery phase. The next phase is an alpha phase where we're going to be testing a lot of some of this stuff. So do a bunch of refactoring on the code and theme to make it much more shareable and modular and testing some of these concepts around, you know, flexibility of the code with councils, get some other developers involved and decide to see how we collaborate. Test the MOU and the licensing proposition. Will people sign up to this? Can we scale this out to 10 councils? And, you know, have collaboration sessions and have people in sort of sprint planning, sprint review, you know, working together over different levels of resources and different councils and see how that actually really works. And, you know, hopefully through doing so, help some particular councils get on board with this code.  So, councils that are going to be involved in the alpha phase include exemptions to covering council Westminster, London councils, which is a kind of group of councils. Quite. And, Kensington and Chelsea, alongside the original three, although we're not sure whether Oxford City is involved in the alpha phase anymore. And, I think, yesterday, these guys just posted something on their website saying that they have approved funding for an alpha phase to Croydon for the project, which is really exciting. So, yeah. Props goes out to the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government for actually having money and putting it down and saying open source is a really good thing to do. Go on, carry on, explore it, test it, try it, prove that it works, you know, because that's really going to facilitate creating an amazing distribution. So, hopefully off the back of that we take what Croydon's got, the evolution from Brighton to Croydon, break it up into, you know, local golf corps and components and make it reusable and, you know, really, really start to build that. Obviously, custom theme on top of that is a next layer, you know, do we have a base theme which has a bunch of assumptions? Can we actually take it to the point where a council with no developers at all can point and click their way to a sort of low-code website and replace the logo, replace the colours and actually have pretty much what they need for a fraction of the cost. That's probably a bit further off, but that's certainly part of the vision. Sounds like that's dual, though, because you've been talking about the button themes before. Exactly. So, you know, I have been componentising the theme down to the component level and the atomic or molecular, whatever the design terms are these days.  One thing I'm really excited about is collaborating with other distributions. So, part of this project has been looking at some other distributions and seeing how they do things. Drupalate distributions, obviously, you know, that's sort of not quite as far ahead as Drupal 7 distributions, but Drupal 8 really enables distributions to happen in a much more scalable and modular way, I think. Lightning, Thunder, Lightning being aqueer, sort of starter kit, Thunder being a publishing distribution, which is amazing. Open social being a more sort of Facebook-y type community distribution VAR base kind of does everything, as far as I can tell. And I think it's got a e-learning platform. But they're all distributions doing different things. And as I was speaking to a guy from Thunder yesterday, he was really excited about sharing what they do. They've got six full-time developers at Berda media group, is it, in Germany? And it's very focused on, you know, media publishing and that kind of stuff. Doesn't really have any front-end, it's just all about the editing experience. But a lot of those are the same problems. They've got multiple stakeholders, multiple product managers, multiple people wanting different things and how they actually navigate that and prioritise how much effort they put on automated testing. So I think there's a massive scope to learn from other distributions and for distributions to start talking to each other. I mean, they probably already do, but I'd just like to get involved in those discussions. And that's really exciting.  Like, let's talk about the distribution together, get more people plugged into it, more developers, more of the community and more councils, I think. So that's exciting. So yeah, that's it really. Thanks for listening. And you can follow where you find me on Twitter and add updates on Twitter. We'll be here today at Will Gov on Twitter, quite chatty and dfw on Twitter. And there's a local Gov truthful digital slack channel, I believe. Not by it's been there. So yeah, any questions or suggestions? Well, yeah, I'm just going to say it. How do we get involved? How do we get involved? So I'm at Alton Forest. I'd love to get involved in this project for such a reason. I think probably Will, at Croydon, is the best kind of, I mean, talk to me when you can't have details, but I think definitely getting in touch with them is he's gathering more councils to try and to test with the alpha and see where they're at and, you know, you know, get more people involved. Definitely, yeah. One of the biggest barriers in my district council is finding planning applications because the search, the system I've got makes searching for planning applications almost impossible. Because you've got to know the width that the planning application is actually processing, which is absolutely impossible to know unless they've been told by the developer or something like that. Absolutely, yeah. So at the moment, has this been involved? Maybe. At the moment, this is very much just councils publishing content onto their website. I've got another thing out. It's got once we have established the mechanism to share thinking, you know, have that kind of collaboration mechanism proven that it's scalable across more than just two councils. Then the next thing comes in, right? Yeah. Can we then start doing a system that solves that because everyone's got the same problem? What about forms? I know Brighton and Hove are using Drupal web forms as the front-end tool of their forms and then plugging that into APIs to go to a particular form engine behind it. Another potential, you know, sort of integrations with more compact systems where perhaps, I mean, 30% of councils are using the same form system but they could have something else that front-ends it and makes it much easier more accessible or whatever else, you know, and the workflow starts to fell with that side of the front-end. So you absolutely, that's a potential future, right? But in order to get this thing off the ground, they very wisely focus just on the publishing of content. Have you also looked at the way that plans can start when you use the sharing group? Okay. Now that was mentioned to me by Gareth earlier. So Suffolth Constagory, Essex Constagory I think it's it. But certainly Northwick are using the same group or code just really theming it for their own catch. But that's not probably the available in their network. I'm trying to find out who did it. I think it's right. Was it Gareth or? No. I've pointed you to Gareth earlier. He's talking to me about that, I think he's talking about that. But yeah. I think it was quite fascinating that they've all got the same requirements. And then there's schools, right? And they're saying, I think they're saying there's lots of other scope for similar requirements of Drupal distributions that scale out. You know, and I think as Dries has often said Drupal distributions are really, you know, important in getting people on board of Drupal and solving particular problems.  Yes, so. Two things. First, thanks for name checking Nicol, whom I used to work for. Okay. Cool. Yeah. Although I never worked on DHCC. You mentioned distributions just now in my limited experience as a site that we're working with distributions. I can spend half my time trying to turn off or bypass a whole lot of assumptions which I actually didn't want within it. And I suppose you're not at this status right now where that's actually a real problem. But it just struck me as something to potentially worry about or think about in the process. It definitely is.  You have massive assumptions around the standard page and the back page. And then the service pages, we are here that all councils provide services and they need to promote services and what they mean by services like, you know, you can come and I don't know, get you parking permits and get people to badge on them. So they call them services, right? And embedding that course seems absolutely logical to everyone involved. But who knows whether these assumptions will then actually tie us up in the future. So where to do that line, right? How where to do that kind of like baseline of opinions and assumptions. But a distribution is opinionated. That's the point, right? It makes a lot of, it has opinions, it makes assumptions in order to save you time. As long as it's really clear about what they are and hopefully makes them what is open up that you could potentially use some of that without some of that. Then, you know, I think that's the art of creating a sustainable architecture for a distribution which we'll see when we get to it. As we go, this is just based off the assumptions that we found from talking. But yeah, that's it. It's a really it's a really good point and a really important question. It's following on from there, really. What conversations have been had about configuration management in terms of the basic essential configuration for the distribution and then allowing for third-side variations but still be not a really configuration or new features from work? Yeah, so so configuration management so, you know, are you expecting to get updates from the distribution?  So how does that preserve those preserve your configuration changes? Yeah. We haven't made any firm decisions on any of that yet. You know, this is early discovery phase. Looking at thunder and talking to thunder, they have some interesting stuff on that. I think there's some, I mean, Phil, maybe you've got some config management. There's something called config diff update or something like that or config update helper. It's a config distro which promises to allow for that. I haven't worked with it. So there's something that I as I understand it, it looks at the diff between config and helps you deploy update hooks to change config on places where you might do not just want to import the config blind but you basically, you know, if the change is to add a new field, then it will bring an additional field without overriding your config. But I haven't looked into the technicalities of that. You can write update hooks to change your config and then apply those update hooks into everything. But we've had a similar problem with lightning, like the update lightning and it will break the config because it's expecting because it isn't in the config. Yeah. There are these questions, right, about how is a distribution meant to be used? Is it meant to be installed and then you just kind of carry on and go off and you'd update core and you'd update any kind of contrary modules that are involved but you would never update the actual install profile and expect that to happen. So essentially, it's to start a gear and off you go. That's one way a distribution can work and some distributions are meant to be that. And then other distributions are kind of like open social side. That's everything, right? When there's a security release or something else which may be in the distribution or maybe a core or contrary, then you need to update that whole distribution and that's where this problem comes in, right? I think it's not an easy one to solve. I think there was comments that profiles could take on like themes have a base profile and then you can have your own profile which is based upon another profile. Okay, so like inheritance, yeah. Inheriting, yeah, yeah, yeah. So child profiles. Yes. That's how Lightning tries to do it but it often has to pack the group all to get that working properly. Yeah, that sometimes is quite a work. Yeah. From experience. Yeah, yeah. And then there's a discussion on features, right, as well. Like how features is used in Drupal A to enable functionality but then do we want to be using that to move the configuration still or the modules? So, yeah. You should use your the installer inside the module to install Drupal config as much as possible. Probably a bigger discussion about how much is in profile and how much is in modules. Yeah. But you can get modules to install the code from a period in that. Then if you change the config and you manage that, I guess that sort of features might come in but we expect to be done through them to update looks. Yes. Yeah, yeah. So, avoiding the previous Drupal 7 paradigm of a feature defining lots of functionalities, the configuration essentially that it wants to maintain and keep is just configuration in your module that provides a starting point for content types, views, whatever else it may be configuring. And then you kind of move forward from that point so you can add fields and roof fields. Cool, any more questions? Yeah. Just all features, OpenSocial has had some fun games with features because if you effectively customise an OpenSocial distribution and then they update a feature great to them. Okay. Yeah. We've been waiting for your perspective three months to explore open config and I couldn't even recover it from the config files. So again, OpenSocial features, config changes, causing massive problems. Just to see how the fun and games they're having. Yeah, definitely. They're moving away from features. Yes. That's the way they're going. They're moving away from features. Right. That's what you were saying. That's probably why they're moving away from features. Yeah. But yeah. I mean, we're in a much better place in Drupal 8 to be able to deal with these nuances of config changes define how we expect it to happen and then be clear about that with the consumers of these products, right, of the distribution. Like, be careful if you change on some of this config because that might cost problems but if you want to do this or this, then that's going to be fine. So I'm renaming just one of the content types and we've just broken in. Yeah, renaming content types on fields. That's going to be in the future. Okay. It's the label, right? Just the label. Because that is what config distro policies and so on. Yeah. That's just one of them. There's like half a dozen too many. We couldn't we couldn't basically be like are we are we are we about time? Anyone want to get any more questions? Tristan. I've got a lot of people from LLM. One more question? There's one that I might edit. When might there be a camera work? It's going to be tomorrow. When they might, when might there be a work? Code. Code. Something, yeah, up there. Yeah, somewhere publicly available. Possibly after the after phase which is probably on the main path when you're doing the after phase. So the after phase is due to start in the late fall and so I would expect things to start, you know, to be materialising of May but to be so. Thank you very much everyone. Thank you for that thing.


Here's seven secrets to getting hired in a top tech company as a UI UX designer. Let's go. The first one is Resilience. So we all know that UX is a very popular field and that means that there's a lot of people competing for junior positions and a lot of people say it's overcrowded but my opinion is I'm not scared of competition and I don't think you should be either. Just because other people actually want the job doesn't mean that they can destroy your dreams and change your life. So we should never be afraid of competition but what it does is it drives us to make ourselves better. There's got to be more people so you need to stand above and beyond the competition and that's why the first one is resilience. That means that you need to put more effort in to make your portfolio shine above everyone else and that means actually doing a lot of work. I mean going above and beyond in everything you do, I mean spending more time actually studying and it means that you know you need to stand out above everyone else and that's why I say resilience because there's going to be rejections. You're going to have to apply for more jobs, you're going to have to compete against more people but if you actually have the resilience within you can do it.  The second one is Specialise. So I say this because I noticed as soon as I got my first job which was in fashion other fashion opportunities started opening up for me. Once everyone knew I worked in Vogue or I worked for a certain fashion e-commerce brand then I was then kind of specialised in that box and so if you really think about the first job that you want so you want to work in the automotive industry say for Tesla or a car company then you're going to find it easier then getting jobs in other car companies. I actually found it a little bit harder to then switch and go into banking but then when I actually managed to make that move by showing resilience and finding a job that wanted to hire me with no previous banking experience then all the other banks started opening up for me because I guess it took the I guess the fear for them, it was a safer bet they knew that I already experienced in banking. So when I say really think about the first job that you want and choose the industry that you are interested in maybe take a little more time getting that job but then you will become specialist in that and you'll be able to move around to different roles within that industry. The next one is Data Driven Decisions. So as a hiring manager when I'm looking at portfolios I want to see that people are making decisions not just based on hunches because to be honest I've been wrong so many times on my career I think a certain tester is going to win or a certain thumbnail is going to look better and the results just prove me otherwise and it's quite humbling. So as a designer in your portfolio you need to show that you're making data driven decisions. That could be whether you're doing surveys or whether you're testing there to a large group of people maybe doing some AB testing but statistics don't stand out and as a hiring manager when I see in your portfolio you're applying that you're actually listening to your users and you're applying that on the decisions that you're making you're making alterations to your designs based on those numbers and decisions then that will make you stand out above everyone else because you're actually applying science to your design and in my personal opinion user experience and user interface design is quite like a science it's less of an art so it's less we're guessing what people you users want maybe in the early stages of sketching but as we become more refined to me design becomes a science so showing data in your portfolio will make you stand out. So the next one is contribute to the design community and by that I mean start producing your own content and this could be in the form of attendant networks and events or even in the form of making some articles online sharing your actual design process by contributing to the design community you're going to start to be respected in your field as a professional you could make icon sets you could put them out there's lots of figma templates you could make you could then people love reading articles especially on LinkedIn start sharing some of the stuff that you produce because then you're going to actually be a valid valid member of the design community and it's amazing how many people I met through going to events that stay with you throughout your career and then these can unlock opportunities later that needs me naturally on to the next one which is networking and personal branding so the one bit of advice I would give to my earlier self if I could go back 10 15 years I would say you're going to work for someone else for eight hours a day but for that extra hour or maybe the extra half an hour before and after work spend some time on your personal brand this is actually going to be more important to you later on in your career than having a job is because once you have a personal brand then even if you lose your job then no one can stop you because you own that content and that's going to continue it could pay you in the form of ad revenue it could pay you back in the form of a promotion like once you have an audience you can then make great content for them you can make courses you can make books you can make audio books and people are going to really value that content and get something from it because they have a relationship with you that you've built over years through the form of a youtube channel through the form of consistently publishing on LinkedIn on medium articles and this is also a ties in with networking as well by promoting yourself you're going to find it easier to have a network people are going to be more open to you they're going to feel like they know you because they've watched your content and you're going to be able to go your LinkedIn quicker you're going to go to events and people know who you are but the biggest bit of advice I would give to myself going back is spend time on your personal brand every day treat it like a job but treat it like a job you're working for yourself no one's telling you to do this that's why no one else is doing it because you don't need to do it but honestly to me I'm getting more opportunities now 10 years later after starting my personal brand than I ever did even at the highest level because people know about me not about the companies I work for because of my personal brand so really early stage designers stock in on it don't be shy it's going to be terrible at first but you'll build up quality over time get on LinkedIn get on youtube start making content the next one is continuous learning and self-development so as I when school stops a lot of people stop learning but this is something that you need to instill in yourself and that's a thrive for learning more I love audiobooks and of podcasts and also courses online you know where we work in design maybe the tools have changed about five or six times in the last 10 years we need to keep constantly on top of our game to be able to be some of the best designers in the world and that's having a face for learning as well when you start learning about the history of the design even other things that are interesting around design then you're going to be a better designer you're going to know what the latest trends are you're going to there's psychology there's a lot of psychology in design a lot of branding in design once you start to learn all of these different things I love like Gary Vee's audiobook see it's not just about design but he teaches me about how to promote yourself how to network how to sell products really but as a designer where we can use a lot of these influences and we can improve our own way because it's not just about a design work but you're also selling your design work to people in the wider company yeah you're selling it to customers a lot of these psychological things that go into selling stuff I've learned from a continuous learning and to be honest the best money you can spend in your career is on yourself and improving yourself so make learning a part of your lifelong journey and you'll always be in the top 1% and then a key thing you need to have in your portfolio is demonstrating your problem-solving abilities as a hiring manager when I'm looking through case studies what I want to see is a bit of adversity and I want to see that you've adapted to that adversity by changing a little bit later on changing your design maybe were there any when we need to highlight in these case studies not just the easy path through and everything went well but were there any challenges that you overcome were there challenges that something you designed went wrong people intestine didn't didn't like or didn't use it how you expected and then did you go back and make those alterations this is what's going to make you stand out above everyone else in your portfolio because not everyone likes to show these challenges and not everyone thinks I should show things that go wrong I want to show the perfect path but by showing adversity and we all know the truth because every day things I designed they go wrong people don't use them how I'm expected and as I said before it's very humbling to be a designer and we should show that as part of our learning path in our case studies because it's going to make us stand out do all these things and you're going to look and hopefully have the best chance of getting the job if you want to learn more about yo-yo ex-design watch the next video


The adoption of the hand-in-hand approach at FAO corporate level happened on an opportune time for FAO Ethiopia because in 2020 the government of Ethiopia finalized its 10-year development plan 2020-2030. The UN is developing the corporation framework 2021-2025 and FAO we are preparing our country programming framework for 2021-2025. All the plans demonstrate that the government in Ethiopia and partners commitment to ending hunger and reducing poverty key objective of the hand-in-hand initiative. In line with the priorities and challenges outlined in the country 10-year development plan FAO Ethiopia in consultation with the government decided to focus on supporting the integrated agro-industrial path. The idea of launching the hand-in-hand initiative in Ethiopia was discussed with senior officials in the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture. It was received positively and with a lot of enthusiasm. A number of potential initiatives were considered before settling to start with leveraging FAO Ethiopia's work around the government flagship integrated agro-industrial path. The country office is also using the hand-in-hand initiative approach to maximize benefit of its ongoing work in support of the implementation of the livelihood component of the government social protection component. FAO Ethiopia engage extensively with the regional office for Africa and with headquarter culminating in the setting up of a broad-based task force to support the conceptualization of the first hand-in-hand initiative in Ethiopia and support the agro-comodities procurement zone. The hand-in-hand initiative is different from approaches used before to support the development of the Ethiopia agro-comodities procurement zone. Notable differences are and enhance multi-sectoral development focus. From the onset the program design includes the Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Peace, Ministry of Trade and other stakeholders such as the Ethiopian Economic Association. The initiative also links two of the country's flagship program, the Growth and Transformation and the Social Protection Program. Therefore this initiative has the scope to demonstrate the possibility of inclusive economic growth pathway. The current design is considering the interest of the poor and vulnerable from the start a significant change from the design of the past agro-comodities procurement zone that focused on commercial viability. Stronger collaboration within FAO. Instead of usually relying on one lead technical unit the initiative is supported by different departments offering an opportunity to capitalize on the wealth of experience within the organization. And last adopting the food system approach helped to reflect the food security and nutrition concern in the design of the hand-in-hand initiative in an integral manner. The initiatives offer FAO Ethiopia an opportunity to strengthen partnership with other line ministries and government agencies such as the Economic Association that I just mentioned, Ministry of Peace, Ministry of Trade. There is a strong positive energy behind this initiative with FAO staff across department working together at all level to support the country office. The decision to select an intervention was not easy given the substantial support provided by the various department on all the ideas we consider. The major takeaway is that when the rich and expensive knowledge within the organization is connected with the field program it is possible to design better program provide stronger policy support to change the lives and livelihoods of rural people. FAO will continue the consultative and advocacy process with the main stakeholder. We will finalize the proposal and start the implementation of the program. Ethiopia has many technical and financial partner and a strong political will to implement program that ends hunger and reduced poverty. Although the country registered double-digit economic growth since 2004, the growth is not equitable. Hence, the country is off track regarding eradicating poverty, Sustainable Development Goal 1 and Sustainable Development Goal 2 ending hunger and all forms of malnutrition. It is too early to give recommendation. However, countries in similar context should start advocating for the initiative with senior government official and most importantly identify potential entry points. Government leadership and ownership are vital. The initiative is aimed at strengthening the government of Ethiopia capacity to carry out agricultural investment planning and promotion, therefore catalyzing on investment. The country and office anticipate that FAO at all level will continue to support the government of Ethiopia investment drive, leveraging the expected result of the hand-in-hand initiative.


Mecca's annual holiday sale is coming up, and Aaron Hutton, the College's Associate Director of Artists at Work, gave Lesley McVane a preview of the great gifts that you can find. Hi, Aaron. Hi. Thank you for being here today, and we're going to be talking about one of my favorite holiday traditions now, the Mecca Holiday Art Sale. Yes. That's great. Yes. When is it this year? So this year is first Friday in December. Oh, so that's the 7th. The 7th and 8th. It's a Friday evening and a Saturday, all day event on Saturday. And how many years has Mecca been doing this? That's a great question, but well over 25 years and counting, and it's been a really huge successful event for the institution. And you are holding it at Mecca? Yes. We have several levels and little cubby holes and all over the place. We expanded last year, so we have it at Main College of Art at the 522 Congress Street Address, and it's on three floors. We expanded last year to the third floor, and this year it's the first, second, and third floor as well, and we take over the building pretty much for those two days. It's wonderful, and every time I go, I buy something. It's great. Sometimes I buy things for myself. Good. And birthday treat, because my birthday is in December. And so I bought earrings, in fact I should have worn the ones I bought last year, but it's fabulous. Tell us a little bit about the sampling of art that will be there. Okay, great. We have 88 tables represented at the sale, but there's also more vendors per table, so we actually have 100 plus artists participating. That's mostly alumni, faculty, students, staff, but we also open it up to community members as well to apply. It's a juried sale, so what's great is you have so many applications that come in, and it's a variety of work. And so the two community members are the Shalom House this year and Reiki Community School. So they applied to be part of the sale, to raise money for their organizations. In addition they'll be work for sale from jurors, I mean from metalsmiths, ceramic artists, painters. We name it jewelry, fine art as well as crafts, and it's a great experience for those artists. And does it bring any money into Mecca, or is it? Yeah, it will bring in money this year. We're doing a special raffle this year, which is unique. We featured six artists, as featured artists this year, and they were selected by the jury, and they represent the highest caliber of work that'll be represented at the sale. Their work is being donated to Main College of Art in order to have a raffle. The raffles are $5 tickets, and everybody has a chance to win, so that'll be great. So we will raise money through bad raffles. That'll be fun, and so the donated pieces will be on display. On display. Oh, how exciting. That's great. It's a good chance to win. The Friday opening, does it start at the same time as all the other galleries at five o'clock? We follow the First Friday Art Walk, and we also extend our hours an extra hour after First Friday Art Walk, because we know so many people want to continue shopping after First Friday. And then it opens at ten, or nine, or ten the next day. And then it closes at five. Terrific. And I know how crowded it gets. But it's well worth fighting the crowds, because the work is, you'll see things you don't see anywhere else. Well, that's great to hear. We try to offer a wide variety of artwork to showcase. And the artwork takes many forms. I know that there are clothing that is like walking art. Right. I mean, it's wonderful. We'll have everything from textiles to tapestries to quilts to ornaments, lots of different things. And I do feel it's unique. It's unique for Portland. Some sales, there's some really amazing sales that take place over the next month. And I like to go to them. But I think Makkah has a unique offering where we really showcase and highlight our artists. Yeah. And... I think so, too. And I think, you know, you're walking away, not with just a gift for somebody or for yourself, in my case. But you're walking away with some art that you'll have forever. Yeah. And some of these young students who have donated work and some of the other people will be well-known or are well-known. We hope so. We have to wrap. So if people want to know more about it, how do they get in touch with you? Well, they can visit our website, mecca.edu, slash holiday sale. And there's a whole website dedicated to the holiday sale, as well as all of our featured artists and all of our vendors. That's great. And we'll be able to find out if they want to submit something to be juried next year. Absolutely. There's an application online. Thank you, Erin, for being here. Thank you so much. It's a pleasure. Thank you.


Hey guys, welcome to this month's video for RT Trio. Yet again, I've pulled out a few supplies that I don't use often or haven't used in a long time. E-Rubber stamps. How many of you all have loads of rubber stamps? And because we all used to do scrapbooking and card making and they just are sitting in your closet and you haven't touched them. Just FYI, you're not alone. And I am a former rubber stamp designer. Like I haven't and I say former because I just haven't designed any in a while. I have a few sets still in my Etsy shop and I have some purge boxes also in my Etsy shop that have rubber stamps in them and stencils. I also design stencils. Anyway, if you want some of that the purge boxes are still available and the few things that are in my shop, that's all that I have. So grab them while I have them. Anyway, I pulled out one set of stamps from my collection. I really, this particular one is one of my favorites. I pulled out some paint inspired with the mood board, which will go over in a minute. I have some water-soluble crayons and these tempera paint sticks, which these are brand new. I haven't used them much, but I do want to use them. These, I can't remember the last time I used. I've got neocolors in here and there's some Daniel Smith watercolor crayons in there too. Anyway, this is this month's mood board curated by Bea Grob. And I love the ocean themes. If you've been following me on social media, you know ocean theme things is my deal right now. I love the pinks and the greens. Also the inspiration of the mosaic tiles and the this color wheel, which also is sort of mosaic-y for me, the outdoor scenes. I, yeah, it's interesting, very interesting. So we're gonna see where we can go with this. I am, as usual, going to tape this onto one side and reserve that spot for notes. This is my art experiments journal. And on the other side, we're gonna do the artwork. I was initially gonna use the black side, but I actually think I'm gonna do this and I'll do my notes in white gel pen. That's not normal for me, but that's what we're gonna go with. That's where my instincts are telling me. So let's get to painting, shall we, and creating and doing something on here. All right, I'll be back. Guys, there you go. It's sort of an abstract ocean-y beach scene in the colors from the mood board with a little bit of inspiration from the mosaic tiles and I really like it. But then again, I'm really into painting beach things right now and abstracting them. That's kind of my bag. But anyway, I would love to see what you guys do with this month's mood board, especially if you kind of are up to it and give yourself the extra challenge of pulling out those supplies that you haven't used in a long time and seeing what you can make with them in your journal. I would love to see what you do. If you would like me to make sure I see your posts, please tag me over in the Facebook group for the RT Trio. We do have one. The link for it is down below if you haven't joined yet. If you make a video about the mood board, I'd love to see that too. Make sure you tag me, send me the link, whatever, you know, all those things. Yeah, this was a lot of fun. Alright, I can't wait to see what you all do with it and what the other two teachers do. This is it for today.   Have some fun painting in your journal. I hope the mood board's inspiring and I'll see you in the next video. Bye guys!


Hey, I'm glad to be here I am concerned about any form of centralization and I would certainly like to see less centralization But that doesn't necessarily mean it's a problem The centralization in mining that we have today in China is the result of a very specific technology adoption curve that goes from CPU GPU FPGA ASIC Over a period of four years with each change in architecture offering a 10,000 increase in performance Which means that all of the equipment is obsolete within two to three months which requires massive capital access to chip factories directly as Directly as possible it means that selling chips to others doesn't make economic sense because if you keep them and mine them for two Three months until they're obsolete you win more than if you sell them and it means that of course access to cheap electricity Makes a huge advantage all of these factors together have created an enormously fast curve, but also centralization primarily in in China and yet We reached 60 nanometer fabrication, which means that the days of 10,000 performance Increases and two to three month obsolescence are over News law is the fastest technological law we've had Except that compared to Bitcoin CPU to ASICs. It's slow It's five thousand times too slow And so over the next two years we will not see a 10,000 time improvement We will see a two times improvement and that's really slow And that means that instead of the equipment being obsolete in three months It will now have a shelf life of two years and that means that having chips and mining with them instead of selling them Is no longer an advantage Because you have all of the risks of warehouses and operations and government interference of electricity prices Whereas if you sell the chips you can make a lot less risky money so What led to centralization of mining though all of those parameters no longer exists Mining changed about six months ago when we reach 16 nanometer The problem is we haven't seen that it's going to take about a year and a half before you see the ripple effect throughout that Industry and the halving is going to be very important, but I don't think the centralization is going to last The centralization was an artifact of performance increases that no longer exists of limited shelf life that no longer exists of advantages of centralization that now become Risks of centralizations because if you put a hundred thousand miners in a warehouse and you lose power for two days Your entire profitability is wiped out for the month But if you put a hundred thousand miners in a hundred thousand kitchens, and you use them to toast your bread or Cook your sausage as Sven showed me the photos today He cooked hot dogs on an ant S7 miner that was kind of cool Then you have the advantages of the centralization because if power goes off in one kitchen It doesn't affect anybody and your profitability doesn't depend on anything So all of the things that made Chinese centralization happen are now unmade I Also want to make another point if mining centralization had happened in Sweden a lot of people would be a lot less concerned And that's not just because the Chinese government is a threat to Bitcoin Because if you think about it the people who are doing mining in China are directly Opposing their governments by doing this. They're taking enormous risks They are entrepreneurs of the finest capitalist attitudes who should be applauded with incredible engineering and operational skills They're not their government and will resist and fight hard to maintain independence We should applaud that not fear it and somehow I think if they were Swedish We'd be less concerned. So there is an element of racism in this. There is an element of xenophobia There is an element of stereotyping an entire race, and I think that's not that's wrong


Welcome to the World Ready Communication Conference 2023 here in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates where I've got the great pleasure of being joined in the studio by Salwa Suleiman Kamil, who is the Vice-Chair of COM3, Spectrum Engineer as well and National for the National Communications Authority of South Sudan. So Salwa, welcome to the studio. Thank you Max, thanks you for having me here. Now, I wanted to ask you, this conference is an important event in ITU's calendar. Why is it an important event for you, the World Ready Communication Conference here in Dubai? Well, WRC is the only event where worlds comes together to discuss the future and the current radio resources and to allocate these resources to the services. Could you tell us a little bit about your work as Vice-Chair of the WRC 23 Committee 3? Yes, I'm representing ITU as Vice-Chair with my colleagues from the African Telecommunication Union. I'm in committee 3, which is responsible for budget control. So the work basically is to examine the budget of the conference and assess the financial implication of the conference. There's been a big push for a number of years now to increase the participation of women at the World Ready Communication Conference. How successful do you think that's been? I think we all witnessed the adoption of the gender resolution during the conference, which advocating for equal rights for the women in the leadership at the ITU level. This will not only remain at the ITU level, it will go up to regional, even national level. And the network of women, I mean, do you think that's helped? Yes, it helped a lot. I participated in the Network of Women during the past cycle, WRC 19. I can say I'm the graduate from the Network of Women. You said you've been the National Communications Authority for about seven years now. Yes. I will ask you, in terms of female participation in technological positions in South Sudan, is there a big push as well to achieve gender parity there? Yeah, yeah, yeah. My leadership is working hard to close that gender gap in the leadership. So, at my institution level, we are working with the local initiatives, such as Girls in ICT and then other local initiatives to bring more ladies to ISTEM. Excellent. And what impact do you think the outcomes of this conference will have for the future of radio communications? I think for South Sudan, as a new member state in ITU, it's very important as during the past cycle, we got an orbiter slot for this first time. So, it's very important for us as a new member to continue having that support from ITU. And what the outcome I can say is the future satellite communication to close the gap of communication and the rural connectivity so that to bring more people connected. You've been involved in communications for a fair few years now. I wanted to ask you, how has the landscape changed in South Sudan and do you feel optimistic for the future of radio and telecommunications in South Sudan? Yeah, I can see the difference now. People are going more digitally, I can say. So, I'm optimistic that the change will be great. Selwa Suleiman Kamil, thank you so much for joining us in the studio. Thank you for being at this conference and thank you for the job that you're doing as Vice-Chair of COM3. And we look forward to catching up with you again at some stage in the not too distant future. Thank you very much. Looking forward to also be here again. Thank you. Excellent. Thank you. And if you've enjoyed this interview then do check out our other interviews on our YouTube channel as well as our podcasts on our podcast channel South Cloud Spotify or wherever you listen to your podcasts. And for further information, do visit our website at www.itu.int. Thank you for tuning in.


Would you say that her most significant conversion was before the Eche Homo Statue of Jesus, right, or was it at the pillar, scourging at the pillar? I think it was the Eche Homo Statue, right? Yeah, and yeah, it was a powerful moment because we know from her life, about a third of the life, it goes over how she was drawn to prayer and she was drawn to do something heroic and beautiful for God, but every time she began to go into it, she ran up against something that discouraged her and she would backslide, and that moment was the moment where she told Jesus, I won't get up for my knees until you give me the grace not to backslide anymore, and the reason why she prayed that prayer was it was a moment of actual grace through the statue. She says it wasn't as if she was looking at a statue anymore, but Jesus in the immensity of his love revealed to her how much he loved her, how much he has held nothing back so that we might know the love of the Father, and when that pierced her heart, it opened up, it opened up a whole new pathway in her spiritual life. Even at the time of her conversion too, she, I can't remember the exact sequence, but just before and just after that event, she was reading also the Confessions of St. Augustine and the life of Antony, and so these, she was doing, I mean, for those who, some ask, well, how do I have that kind of conversion in my life? And one of the things you can do is dispose yourself to it by reading the right kinds of things. Read people who've lived a converted life, and you hear how God works in their lives, and it opens you up to the way God may want to work in yours. If I remember right, she said that during that period at least, she never went to prayer without a book, so she spent a lot of time in spiritual reading that then aided her prayer, right? Yeah, well, and you know, today the different spiritual families like the Carthusians are adamant that you should always have a book with you when you go into mental prayer. Now later on she didn't, of course, when her prayer simplified, and I think that was post conversion when she began to know infused contemplative kinds of prayer, and that, she no longer needed the aid of that kind of spiritual reading, right? While that's true, it's also true that we can find, even as she describes the highest levels of union, the fact that sometimes a soul struggles with very basic kinds of prayer, no matter how advanced you go. And so I think she retained throughout her spiritual pilgrimage a profound humility about her humanity and the aid that spiritual reading or the scriptures or memorizing passages from the scriptures can be for mental prayer.


How's it going everybody? Dato away here back with another Dragon Ball Fighters DLC video for you all today and it is the big one we've all been waiting for. Not only do we have our hands on a ton of new Roshi information including gameplay, but we've also finally learned the release date of the character which surprisingly might be a lot earlier than a lot of us were thinking. It is September 18th and as a bonus if you have the season pass you actually get the character two days earlier than that. So for most of us we will get the character on September 16th. Now for our release date I'm actually pretty psyched about that. Like I said I thought it was going to be way later on in the month maybe somewhere in the late 20s. So obviously I'm ecstatic we're getting him as early as we are but now we can jump into some of the actual gameplay and other information we got for the character including his introduction cutscene for when you start off games and I gotta say for being as simplistic as it is it is one of the better animated intros in the game like I don't know I really enjoyed this. I guess you can let me know down below in the comments whether or not you like these uh less uh spectacular intros but I don't know something about this really does it for me. Now in terms of other cosmetic stuff we got we already knew about his outro we also get to see that again but I also wanted to discuss another slight visual easter egg which is while master roshi does indeed start the fight with his glasses if you take enough damage he will lose the glasses forever and you can see that in his outro animation and also in the gameplay. So obviously it's really cool that that visual is kept throughout the entire thing and I think it acts as probably one of the more interesting battle damage kind of things we have in the game. So I would love to see some other characters get some more noticeable changes when they're battle damage as opposed to when they just start off the round. In terms of supers we actually got to see all three of the supers we know about right now so that is the mafuba which does indeed force a switch out on your opponent's character it doesn't look like it actually locks them out it might for a little while but nothing extremely noticeable. I wouldn't say that's necessarily a big plus of the move but it does give you that snapback if you have no other options or you just want to do it at the end of a really long combo but we also get to see master roshi's other level one in case you don't want to snap them back out which is this all out fury pummel move unfortunately they don't actually land it so we can't see what that animation looks like but we can confirm it is a level one and we have heard about this move in the v-jump so we know roughly what it is other than that we also get to see his level three finally fully animated the original kamehameha and I am stoked to see this it looks perfect I'm glad they went with this move as his level three I think it came out perfectly honestly now moving on to more of roshi's special moves we can see a weird projectile that he throws to the upright I don't know too much about what this does because they just clearly whiff it in the video but I don't know it seems like a weird move to have for him considering he also has access to the electricity attack that he can just do that's unblockable in the air so that's really really good forgive me I can't remember the actual name from dragon ball it's really escaping me right now but this is unguardable in the air so gonna be a really good tool against any air approaches any of that jumping back and blocking style of things super dashes things of that nature this is going to be master roshi's go-to tool and in my opinion I would probably say one of the moves to look out for this might be a really strong option for him I'll definitely be giving it a look as soon as the character drops and as far as that goes I think that might genuinely be it for the specials we see I could be missing one or two but they honestly don't go for a lot of input moves these are actually two relatively newer players to the game but I appreciate them showing off the gameplay regardless as far as other things we can see we can see his medium auto combo which of course leads into the mafuba which makes me think that this might be master roshi's dhc combo I really hope it's not because that would really impact how you go out into a view you don't want to snap out everybody you dhc level one and two that makes any sense so hopefully that's not the case but we'll see and we also get to see his light auto combo which is pretty standard but now we've made it into the real meat of the video yes of course we are talking about how master roshi approaches neutral without super dash so we've known this character will not have a super dash for a while at least in theory but a lot of people were still holding on to the hope that maybe it's like not super dash but you know it pretty much works like super dash like the reverse coming out would track in some way but we can now say no they are really committing to this there are a few aspects where I do have to admit it does function like super dash so think of like off a 2h roshi will just leap to them you don't have to worry about that missing it looks like um and off of things like a dragon rush roshi actually does a really cool animation where he does actually use the reverse coming out to pick himself off the ground and follow them which I thought was really cool but as far as things like in neutral when you're jumping that coming out does not track in fact you'll just fly horizontally now while we're on the topic of this I do got to point out that we were right in one of the past videos that when master roshi tags in this man just flies across the thing he does not tag in in super dash he tags in wherever you are horizontally and just flies straight with the the coming out it's so funny I really liked it he actually gets stuffed by go tanks in this clip not the best showcase for it but it is super interesting so that's what master roshi does instead of super dashing in the air he does this comment how horizontally and just flies in a straight direction it does look pretty slow he does have one that launches him diagonally I don't know how he does that exactly but that also looks pretty slow so it doesn't look like a really great option and then master roshi has the much better alternative when he when he's on the ground which is called masters leap now again this is something that we would need to see in the hand of much more experienced players to really get a handle on what this is fully capable of but it does look relatively fast master roshi can pass through key blast with this move so it's not like this is going to be a tenno matchup for broly he's not going to just destroy him although I will say he probably will still destroy him because it doesn't look that flexible right master roshi can't do this jump in the air so it's still going to be a struggle without that super dash in fact I would say the character is still worse off for it I mean we'll definitely see how much the mix up potential is there for that master's leap but I would still say I'm relatively worried for the strength of the character without that dash it is important to note that you can short hop forward and back and a big hop forward it looks like that's all we've seen from this video anyway but it does look very strong and I'm sure it will be a very aggressive tool and other than that master roshi just kind of looks aggressive in his gameplay regardless this man is swinging on people hitting him with this pole I'm like it is really not that bad master roshi also we should talk about how his color too is actually like a weird uh goku gi it kind of looks goofy on master roshi I'm not gonna lie but uh I do appreciate it I think that might actually be it for this gameplay and information video I didn't want to keep you guys waiting too long because I don't know there's so much information to go through here and we can definitely just go through it relatively quickly but let me know down below what your thoughts are on this character right now are you liking what you're seeing do you like the animations do you think he's going to be good and who do you want to see for the next character why are leaving me your thoughts on all that down below in the comment section make sure you hit the like button and subscribe to the channels because we are going to be doing a ton of roshi stuff here we are going to be learning the character a full week of ranked matches things like that we are going to be putting people in the mufuba jar it is going to be a lot of fun so definitely make sure to stick around other than that check out some other videos that should be on your screen right now if they catch your eye I have been dr doya and I will see you in the next one


Everybody forced here ripping three boxes for Andrew s Andrew's god To 2022 top skill to collection baseball boxes and a 2022 top Star Wars chrome galaxy box Yo, thanks Andrew. Good luck. Let's get started Star Wars first purple in the first pack is Very nice Yoda and Luke Skywalker 15 of 25 Oh, nice Great start that's awesome in refractor wedge until ease That's how that's exactly how I feel Chris. I could rip gilded and I could rip chrome galaxy all day Refractor Omega Refractor Obi-Wan Kenobi and Boga Fractor didn't mean to intrude Rebel assault to gameplay galaxy refractor Luke on indoor refractor Luke Skywalker and indoor refractor Darth Vader. Yeah, that's the market though Chris a lot of these singles do incredibly well a sketch variation of tech refractor Ben Kenobi Orange nice Star Wars rebellion gameplay galaxy 21 of 25 two cards number to 25 now for you Andrew Really nice box so far so not done though. We got a ways to go a card game of chance refractor refractor Bush disguise actor Luke and Yoda are Yoda and Luke again Kale pulls on big Mojo is very nice the shadow of the Dark Lord. Oh Number 32 of 50 is a mag for sure. Yeah Man, what a great box here refractor Luke assembles his lightsaber not the best cut on the bottom of this one Yeah, Star Wars on a heater tonight so far Rebel assault gameplay galaxy refractor Anakin Skywalker weekway refractor Let's call the auto coming up, too. Here it is. Oh, it's green after the fin refractor and it is a Tuscan warrior Joanna Bennett Tuscan warrior green refractor auto 50 of 99 That's the one I've seen very often. I want to maybe I should go as it Maybe I should cosplay as a Tuscan for a for a show sometime That'd be cool, dude. I'm not saying it wouldn't be but a lot of stuff to wear though Greedo sketch variation, especially if the show's in Florida Refractor wicked work, dude, I don't even know how I would have to learn how to do that pretty well Probably just never talk All right gilded time James, this is you, right? Congrats man. Congrats so far a Redemption that can be big that can be big Mini diamond Brooks Robinson number 35 out of 50 Gold edge Chris Bryant's number 25 of 99 the redemption is for a tops chrome gold edge autograph of Wonder Franco Andrew's killing it man. No way, dude No way And look at this Right behind it is a Bryson stott rookie gold. Oh my god 57 of 199 This is unreal This is unreal. Oh my god framed auto 21 to 25 Jeff Bagwell emerald framed auto That's a great box right there. That was a phenomenal box Wander redemption Stott parallel and a bag well framed is that's that's pretty good frame, too Good god Okay, it'd be cool to pull one of those big rookie super fractures out of this My goodness. Oh my god. Oh wander rookie mini diamonds away 1950 This is unreal This is unreal This box already awesome, too. You got to read that was rookie gold that's also 96 and 99 rookie auto Josh low 30 of 99. Oh my god. Nice low. Would you look at what you look at this? Considering he doesn't have autos in this. This is a sick card to say a Suzuki rookie 174 of 199 again Suzuki does not have autos. So this is one of the best parallels you could pull right here just I mean What do you even do anymore and the framed auto is a Raleigh fingers 17 of 25 emerald color match Just phenomenal Just phenomenal Thank you and congrats


A lot of things in the building materials industry are education-based, so you have to have your audience's attention, and you have to teach them something. There's always an education hurdle with a new product that a manufacturer is trying to push, so YouTube is the place where you have your audience's attention. An average view for us on Instagram is probably 10 to 15 seconds, because most videos are only 30 seconds or so. On YouTube, our average watch time on the video that we just posted is almost 10 minutes. There's a huge difference of audience and attention, and if somebody's watching you for 10 minutes and they're choosing to watch you for 10 minutes, that in itself just blows my mind because nobody can pay attention to anything for 10 minutes, let alone me talk about building a deck in a patio, so that's where I think the most value is for the creator, for the partner, for everybody involved. That's the space where I think holds the most opportunity.