Happy St. Patrick's Day to ever put out there. Think Tech Hawaii live on the street. St. Patrick's Day at the Murphy's Bar and Grill. St. Patrick's Day block party. And we are here with some revelers, some Irish men, revelers, and maybe only part Irish, but everyone's Irish on St. Patrick's Day. So please, tell us your name. I'm Sean Kelly. Hello, Sean. Tell us your name. All right. Mark, so what are you guys out here doing today for St. Patrick's Day? We're starting out in Murphy's and having a good shop before the rookie show up here at 5.30 a.m. And we're going to enjoy it. Looking forward to more friends showing up and getting this thing going. All right, fantastic. So what about you? This is the best warm-up to a St. Patrick's Day that you could find. Hawaii does it in a really interesting way because we are surrounded by Irish bars in this space. Wide open, sunlight, the nicest day, the nicest weather you can find, right? Exactly. Well, cabbage, everything's here. So where are you guys? I know you've mentioned you've both been here for a while, but not from here originally. Where are you from originally? I'm from Quantico, Virginia, but all south of DC. All right, Virginia, how about yourself? I lived in Laguna Beach 35 years ago. Okay, folks. Okay, folks. No, it's all right. It's all about reveling on St. Patrick's Day. All right, so we got Florida and we got Virginia. So I came here from New York. We've got super strong St. Patrick's Day tradition. In fact, it's completely out of control. How do you guys, especially as an Irishman, how do you guys celebrate this in Virginia? We don't actually celebrate in Virginia. We have to go south to Savannah or something like that, where they die the river green and have a lot of fun. And otherwise, you move out here to have fun here at this block party. All right, see, well, how about in Florida? Southern, well, Southern California. I don't know much about Florida, but it's similar. It's very sunny and beautiful like here. So this is the only place I can find that's as good as Laguna, but it's much more festive. All right, so I heard both of you guys saying the lead up, too. So what's going down tonight? Well, I'd tell you that it's not appropriate to mention it, not because I'm going somewhere big, but I'm gonna run out of gas about six, 30, or seven. I'm gonna have too much to drink by then and I'll find my Uber. That's a plug Uber, by the way, go with it and go home nicely and appropriately. It'll be one of those weird finishes of the night, I'm sure of it. John taught me well. He taught me well. We know to leave around sunset because that's when it really gets ugly and you start seeing people sitting on the curb and sitting in their own mess sometimes. Come on, you can sit at the rookies. Yeah, I don't even know what they're doing. So are you guys college boys? Oh yeah, oh yeah. Yeah. All right, so you guys must have some stories of St. Patrick's Day past. What are some? Well, so if you guys are 630 Sunset Boys now, what's maybe a memory you could share of some of St. Patrick's Day past? You got anything for us? I had a good one in Savannah as in the young man, the Marine Corps and got hit by a bottle of booze from two stories away. Good one though, good blood, good fun. Found an open keg and the night ended wonderfully. I think I remember the girl that night, I'm not sure. How about you?  I met my wife here at Murphy's about 10 years ago. Oh, really? Yeah, on St. Patrick's Day. Oh, wait a minute, this is a huge story. Please tell us what happened. Yeah, it was funny and we met and we had a lot of fun. Wait, wait, wait, wait, I don't want to hear what happened. So, okay, so you went out, were you with friends? You were going out for St. Patrick's Day? I'm not sure. I might've been with these characters, but I was virtually by myself and I broke my own rule and I stayed after Sunset and ended up talking to a beautiful young gal because it was 12 years ago and we ended up getting married after that. That? Took about a year. It was a big night. Took about a year. That's incredible. Okay, wait, I want to hear a little more about it. So, you guys, what happened at St. Patrick's Day?  Ah! Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha. Well, fair enough, it's actually still a wonderful story. That was a great one. She got to run, baby. What else did you do with that? You know, so fair enough. So, I guess what might you say in terms of a St. Patrick's Day message to our viewers out there?  You know your limits. You know your limits. Yeah, I'm responsible. Would you suggest that people come on down in a... Absolutely, support Don Murphy, one of the greatest supporters of the charities and otherwise here in Hawaii. Best Block Party, get down here early. Come early, enjoy the fun, know your limits. Hey, pay no attention to that guy. Yes, we're gonna have fun here and then be responsible, take an Uber, take a lift home, or get a ride with Jeff. Well, thank you so much, gentlemen. Everybody, obviously, this is the place to be this evening. St. Patrick's Day, downtown Hawaii, think tech, mahalo and aloha.


Ahoy-hoy. Welcome back to the channel. Today we are going to talk about a brief history of the SCP logo and how it interacts with the current trademark case in Russia and how things are maybe not as cut and dry as people might expect them to be. So the SCP Wiki is Creative Commons share alike attribution. A Creative Commons license is fairly simple in that it just you the particulars of the license in this case share alike and attribution tell you exactly what you need to do with it. Share alike means you have to share all derivative types all derivative content created from original content that was under the license under the same license. So if you make something you have to distribute it under Creative Commons share alike attribution license and an attribution means you have to attribute the original creator of the thing that you've derived your content from. For the SCP Wiki that's easy you just say the SCP Wiki or if you are writing about something specific in particular you can always say you know this person came up with this here's the original article. However the SCP logo is a little bit complicated and there's a strong argument actually to be made that it's not itself under a Creative Commons license. So the SCP Wiki's current logo was created and I say current because there were previous logos when they when the oldest ones I believe was Josie the half cat actually the SCP Wiki's current logo was created sometime in 2008 late-ish 2008 by a fella called Fartu. Now it has been very very difficult to find original information on this on which post or where exactly it was because a lot of the old images from those days are gone but we can piece together some of it from context. So what I know about Fartu from his statements on the Wiki is that he was a graphic designer and he used his expertise on the Wiki mostly to create things like logos and images for people. He didn't spend very he's been on the Wiki for a very very long time but he didn't he didn't stick around for very long he has a few articles up I am positive I've seen his name on something that I remember but off the top of my head I cannot recall anything that he's written so but that's not important to the current talk here the current logo which I'm going to put on the screen right now was created by Fartu sort of see and this is important when we talk about the timing the logo was created in late 2008 and the logo is a slightly altered version of a piece of clip art from the 2007 adobe illustrator suite now I'm going to put that image up on the screen right now so you can see exactly what I'm talking about and you can see the difference and you know maybe I'll put side by side it's going to be a little bit hard to blow one of them up and it'll be a little pixelated but you can see side by side what the two images are the current logo and the adobe illustrator clip art piece so first of all under the general terms of license for the adobe illustrator suite there's likely something in there about once you purchase it you're allowed to distribute the things as you'd like but they aren't they almost certainly don't transfer to you the ability to then transfer it to other people so adobe likely and I'm saying likely because it's this is a long time ago who knows what's happened to those assets legally and elsewise but unless they have explicitly given them away and put them into the public domain those assets are likely still owned by adobe um and we can even see um so this is a far two thing that's not the original logo I did up the original is below I just ran it through photoshop's photocopy filter and then there's an image of the logo though the image is gone because the file is from 2008 it's 12 years ago I used the symbol that symbol to make it look like the shield or badge used by law enforcement's agencies and also because the arrows indicate moving inwards containing threats so we don't have the image but we have enough context here to see that this is him claiming to have created the original logo and if you think about what's what I'm gonna again put up on the screen here if you take that and you make it black and white you have the scp logo so that's where we that's where we are now in I want to say let's double check here the years are important here so the origin of the Andre Dixon problem goes back to I believe 2015 originally so he created um he's been creating scp related content since at least that amount of time and the Russian the Russian branch of the scp wiki had some issues and trouble with that also I don't remember the exact year maybe in 2016 or it may have been earlier than that but the important thing to remember is that the Russian scp the Russian wiki and the scp wiki actually had a bit of a tiff during around these times because the Russian wiki had a no commercial clause added into their license and I'm not going to get into the weeds here but the term share alike is very specific you can't add or subtract elements so adding non-commercial and saying that content created from the Russian wiki's content can't be distributed commercially is a violation of the Creative Commons license and it took a really long time to convince them of that but eventually after consulting with lawyers on their end they capitulated and uh changed the license on the on the scp Russian branch but Andre Dixon's thing was going on around this time as well and um he'd been making he's been making stuff since 2015 and then in summer of 2017 he claimed claimed that a filmmaking company had contacted him specifically and offered to release a series based on the scp foundation and then he in turn offered to be a point of contact for those for the filmmaking company and have the scp the Russian scp wiki create content that could be used for this film company but at the same time refused to give them access to each other there was no he was to act as the soul go between and to take half of any generated funds that would have gone towards the creators of the content so essentially he was acting as a an agent taking a 50 share as you can imagine things got a little dicey from there geek funko a shop an online shop actually was contact the scp Russian wiki and said that they had been receiving a a block on scp foundation branded merchandise based on the request of an unknown trademark holder the trademark holder of course was Andre Dixon um the Russian wiki didn't know this at the time but eventually they did find out and uh he actually used the excuse that the shopping question was scamming people and that's why he was taking the stuff down which really or if not the shop the people selling stuff in the shop weren't sending out the appropriate content and he felt that that threatened his own scp products so the idea is that if you can't trust creators of scp merchandise to actually legitimately send you your stuff then his business where he created an scp art book could be affected by it so he took a trademark out and then used that trademark to and i'm using this from the reasonable stance of you know well maybe that makes sense i it doesn't we'll get to that in a second but his stance is that since they are their scammy nature is affecting his possible revenue stream he's going to shut down the questionable stuff and it took a little while now this was this was actually in september of 2018 but it had been a while before he'd done this right the uh in the summer of 2017 when he was contacted about the film he filed a trademark then assuming the film thing was real he failed he filed a trademark then at the russian federal service for intellectual property right he failed his trade filed his trademark then and then for about a year didn't do anything with it really and then started to use it to enforce on other creators now of course like almost every that almost every film based thing and that's the real core of this is actually probably the film this is the original impetus for it um when a production company contacts somebody and it's like hey we're thinking about doing this thing the people who are contacted immediately think all right i've made it let's get this done and he files his right his trademark and everything but those projects are one in a hundred if that maybe even worse chances than that there's so many hey let's maybe do this thing out there uh so this film never materialized because it was never going to materialize it was just a thing and and the other thing is he got the trademark specifically to make it more likely for the film to materialize right the idea is that under a creative commons license nobody's going to invest say a hundred thousand dollars in the amount of money into a film when they know that it can just be redistributed for free because it's under a creative commons license so his thing is what if i own the license and can enforce it that becomes valuable that becomes useful to him and he could sell that if he can uh affirm his claim on it but the important part here is is that he doesn't own a copyright he has filed no copyright it's a trademark on specifically the scp logo right and the scp foundation is kind of stuck between a rock and a hard place here and this is something i don't know if it comes up i don't know again we don't have a lot of details related to the legal case part of that may be russian privacy law which is fairly strict when it comes to legal cases and part of that may just be they don't want to give away the farm when it comes to their legal strategy i get that i wish they'd say that if that's the thing but i get that but they have to claim that an asset from adobe illustrator 2007 is a original product created by far too that that is under somehow no longer under the distribution license of adobe and is instead under a creative commons license of the sites creative commons license and then once they're done making that argument actually technically they're not it's it's consistent but they're it's it's a problem right they have to go in and say this logo is ours when there's a very strong case to be made that the logo isn't theirs right um but that case is unrelated to the problem of andre ducks which is uh yeah super problematic when it comes right down to it there's an unrelated more serious issue with the scp logo the scp content is clearly under creative commons license i i think it i again i'm not a lawyer i said that's in the last video that i did on this topic i'm not a lawyer but i'm fairly certain that the scp logo is under some sort of complex distribution uh license based on purchase of the scp 2007 illustrator suite and is not itself under a creative commons license at best it's under a public domain license which is a whole different thing um but i think ah man the idea that the scp logo is original is the issue here because that's what the scp foundation is arguing in court it seems from their argument from their gofundme page andre duckson has no legal re no legal ability to trademark it either the problem is the scp foundation doesn't really have a very strong argument to say that it is creative commons unless as i said and this is important and i'm going to look more into this later and you guys who are watching this video who are curious about it can probably look into it too an army of people looking into this may actually come up with a conclusion but i don't know for sure what the current legal status of that piece of clip art is right what happened to the adobe 2007 uh suites intellectual property and by the way that logo is very strongly derived from electrostatic sensitive device logo so it's not in and of itself original either but it's probably different and original enough to be considered an independent piece of art so it's a really big quagmire that we're in here uh and i don't really see and and again we talked about this the last time around uh they didn't invalidate andre duckson's trademark period and i doubt very highly that adobe trademark their one piece of clip art from a thing in 2007 it's unlikely that they did russia's first to file first person to file a trademark gets the trademark that's it now there's an argument to be made if the scp foundation had filed a trademark on it in another country that russia is um legally bound to recognize through their various trademark uh treaties then they could argue that the trademark's invalid then but no one had this is the first time as far as i know this is the first time anyone has registered this trademark that's a problem period and this is the complexities of the issue and i would love to talk more seriously about the uh full history of the scp wiki's problems with proper attribution and or uh plagiarism of images but we don't have time for that today anyway thank you very much for watching if you enjoyed the video or you'd like to see more stuff like this let me know in the comments down below and then head on over to patreon.com forward slash de samaritan and pledge at any level like everybody here on the screen already has including dr j redacted sin jerikey who have both pledged $100 and my dungeon master believe it or not i actually played dnd morgan who's pledged it $40 one of my favorite people and subscribe i'm talking to you christian yeah i see you out there it's nice to know that i'm alone out here and i will see you all again on thursday


Hello, this is Hans van de Kwaas, senior lecturer at IHE Delft Institute for Water Education. In a previous video I have demonstrated how to use an existing river network to burn into a digital elevation model in order to have the water following the real hydrography in the study area. That method used the r.garve function from grass from the processing toolbox. Although that works fine, it's also good to know how you can easily do it yourself by applying map algebra functions. In this video I'm going to show you how to do that using the Raster Calculator and other map algebra tools based on a method described by Case Vesseling, Willem van Derers and Marcel DeWitt that have applied that in the PC Raster language for the Rhine Basin. So we start with SRTM-DEM, styled here with a hill shade and we use the Rural River from OpenStreetMap. The first thing we need to do is to Rasterize this river. So in the processing toolbox we look for Rasterize and we find this Rasterize function and we fill in the form, we burn a value of 1 for where the river is, we use geo-reference units and make sure that it has the same dimensions as the DEM otherwise it's not going to work. So 30 by 30 meters and we choose the extent from the DEM because it's a Boolean map with only once in this case we use the byte output data type and we save the Rasterized file to Rurasterized.tiff and then we run it and there it is, drag it to the top and we can now style it. It's a palleted unique values because it's a Boolean with only once in it as we can see we make them blue, so now the river is blue and if I remove the river on top and we see now it follows the original vector but then one pixel wide. The next step is to get the zero values back in because we are going to need that in the equation. So we use the reclassify values function from saga, it's a little bit of a trick to get the zeros back in so make sure you choose the Rurasterized as a method, we choose simple table and we fill in the lookup table that the ones just stay one and we put that operator on option number one and we're going to replace the node data values with zero and we keep the rest as it is, so the ones will be one and the node data will be zero and then we save the reclassified grid and we run it, click close and there we see it, let's style it, I find it good practice to style to make sure that you made the right calculation, you can find that by visualizing it, make the ones blue and zeros red, the idea is to make a normalized DEM therefore we need to know the statistics, the minimum and maximum values of the DEM, so in the toolbox we choose the Raster Layer Statistics function, choose the DEM, we can keep it as a temporary file and this will generate an HTML file, if we click the link it will open in your browser and we see there the minimum and maximum value of the Raster of the DEM, we make a note of those values, now we're ready to calculate the standardized DEM, so I go to the Raster Calculator and we create this equation using the minimum and maximum value of the Raster and we save it, let's call it stddem.tiv where we do okay and there's our standardized digital elevation model with values between zero and one, now we have the standardized DEM, we can burn the river in it, so we simply subtract the Rasterized Boolean River that we created before, so where the river is value of one will be subtracted and where there's no river it will remain what it was, so the river will always be deeper and there we go, this is then the burned DEM and then the final step is to multiply the original DEM with the standardized DEM and in that way we have corrected the DEM values with the ones that are burned by the river and there it is, so let's style it to see what the result is, let's choose single-bamp pseudo-color, it's continuous data and we choose CPT city, elevation and there we are, we need to change the stretching of the colors, updated canvas and there we see that indeed the river is deeper than the environment around it which will make the water flow to the river, so with this you can continue the steps for filling the DEM and the other steps needed for catchment delineation as explained in the other videos, I hope this was useful and that it improves the delineation of catchments.


Today, I'm going to discuss two backroom's levels with the weirdest names. Now, there's a lot of levels with some very weird names. You've seen them. I've gotten over them. But in this video, I'm going to be going over level square root to and level help. Now, these are two enigmatic levels and they're both downright unnerving. I think you should enjoy this one. If you do leave a like. If you don't leave a like. Let's get into the video without further ado. Shall we? So to begin, I want to go over a backroom's level square root to. So if you aren't aware or you haven't heard of square roots, it's a mathematical term where a number under the square root symbol is divisible by two of the same numbers. For example, the square root of 16 is four because four times four is 16. The square root of four is two because two times two is four. And the square root of 25 is five because five times five is 25. So on and so forth, you get what it is math lessons with Brugley. Leave a like. So this level's name is square root to, which would mean it's actually backroom's level 1.414213 56237. That's a mouthful, but that is a weird name. The level, of course, is an enigmatic level and it's classified as a class Sigma like Sigma Brugley and it's classified that because of its unreliable documentations and it's non Euclidean space and weird creature thing. This one's just plain strange. I'm not gonna be honest with you here. This is one of the only levels that's actually classified as class Sigma. So I think you kind of see how weird it's going to be. The level takes the appearance of a constant state of fluctuation in a grid plane. There are weird blue fibers and geometric void shapes and everything like that constantly flying around. The size of the level is really unknown because of the constant shifting and because it's pretty dangerous to even try to walk here since the integers of the level move around 24 seven. There are blue lines and grids that shoot through the sky constantly and you can see them and that they're real, but they can't hurt you because they pass through all matter. So if you're walking around, the blue lines can just cut right through you. The entire space of the level is non Euclidean, of course, and it's kind of a grid plane that you can get trapped into. Think of a coordinate plane that you've seen from like the retro stuff. That's what this place looks like. It seems to be that this level is controlled by a creature or entity or something that's kind of mathematical because there's been reports of an entity in the level that are described as quote the eternal nature of numbers and that this entity is also quote lonely in their world and entire Google Plex could pass by without any external contact end quote. So it sounds like this entity is lonely and it's weird, mathematic void type thing. Kind of sad. Leave a like for it. There are no bases or communities here since it's just literally an empty grid plane with blue strings and stuff and to enter you have to find an imaginary number on level 81 to get sent here. To be honest, I have no clue how you do that. Don't come asking me, but that's the only way to get here to exit. You have to find a randomly appearing door in this grid plane and open it up and you'll be sent out. Obviously, this level was a weird one, but I think it was pretty cool. I love the mathematical strangeness of it all. It's just very mind-bending. If you think about it, a coordinate void with weird geometry and all this weird stuff thrown through the air. I don't know how to explain it better than that. Hope you liked it. Level help is next. And this is also a very strange name for a very strange level. It starts with this notice. Quote, the following document is solely based off of a single source of information that being a corrupted file discovered in the backup drive of the Meg database. It was successfully restored and whatever viable information that could be gleamed from it is presented herein. Additionally, for the purpose of posterity and unabridged contents of the discovered file are attached at the bottom. The identity of the file's original author has been determined authentic as has his disappearance. Therefore, there is a strong reason to consider this account to be genuine. End of quote. So that was a pretty weird note that got found. Can't lie. But this note describes a level that isn't accessible by normal means. Now this level has to be accessed by an entity banishing you to it. And I'll get more of that later. The level has been given a class undetermined because of the weird properties and how very few people have actually gotten here. But help is the name of it because that was the file name of that note in the database and therefore this level has been given that name. It's thought that this level functions as a type of prison for things that have been banished by that entity. Based on the file's description, it takes the appearance of a large pocket dimension that's very dark and gloomy. Most of it is a very dull and empty void populated with sporadic energy and lightning storms. The ground is just hard gray material. The sky is gray and black and it expands out at an unknown point in this stormy void. A random building exists and this building is a prison because it's made of prison cells. The cells have stone walls and iron bars and they do not obey physics or geometry or pretty much anything at all because inside of the cells is much bigger than it looks on the outside. And like I said, this level is a prison dimension like a prison colony kind of and the only way to enter is by being banished from an entity. You have to make it a certain entity mad and it sends you here. We have a guess on what the entity is and I'll get to that in a second. And if it is that entity, we know why it's so powerful. Just know you should not make it mad, but this is just a large void with storms and lightning and a decaying remote prison. It's pretty cool to me. I think it's pretty neat. So now I'm going to read that entire note and I'm going to show you the important parts because it's really long, but I'll show you the parts that we've gotten and I'll show you also what entity we think controls this place. I am Jacob Howard of team Michael in the Meg's quick match regiment. I'm currently stranded in an environment which to my knowledge has not been documented in the database. Screw it. This is taking too long to form my words. I just got a type and barely have enough Wi-Fi signal and battery life to upload this file to the database as it is for anyone reading this. I'm sorry in advance for the lack of formality, but I'm worried about more important things at the moment. I don't know where I am, but I know how I got here. I was making the rounds in level one, searching for lost wanderers in need of rescue came across this entity, a shadowy guy in a cloak with a large ring of keys. I saw him approaching a wanderer and I rightfully assumed the worst. So I drew my weapon. Suddenly he came out of nowhere with this golden key that he pulled off his ring. He literally ripped a hole in the air with it. I can't explain it better. He just opened a hole in the air and he shoved me into it and now I'm here. I'm in some kind of holding cell where I'm definitively being held prisoner for all intents and purposes. No idea why I'm not dead, but not that I'm complaining. The cell looks like the kind in a medieval dungeon, heavy wrought iron barred door surrounded by stone and all sides. Its dimensions are perfectly fitted to the size of my body with there being exactly enough room to stand up and reach out my arms completely. My God. There's no bottom or ceiling or walls here. I'm just floating in this endless void. The cages aren't even being held by anything. We're just in this massive empty void. Everything suspended in mid air. He's here. The cloak guy. He popped himself out of nowhere. I have to finish this quickly. I have no clue how to get out of here. I'm assuming those keys on his ring could. I don't have much time, Meg. If you're reading this, you better come and rescue me ASAP. If this is the last time anyone hears from me, I just want to say that I thought I did what was right. And this is how I'll go out if it comes to that. So the file then ends right after he says that. And that's pretty much all we know. This Jacob guy has not been found or located whatsoever, but we do have a sneaking suspicion that the entity is entity X, the Keymaster. This is a very powerful creature. One of the most strong in the back rooms and can kind of just control time in reality. I'll link a video that I made on him in the description. Who knows though? Weird prison level. You shouldn't make the Keymaster mad. You shouldn't do any of that, but don't go here unless you're me. I can probably survive myself, but hope you enjoyed. That's it for the video. Thank you for watching till the end. If you enjoyed a drop a like, it would help out the algorithm. Also leave a comment on which one of these levels you thought was weirder, the level square root of two or level help. I like both. They're both very strange and very enigmatic, but I'll let you decide. Check the links below for my Twitter or Instagram channels, blah, blah, blah. You already know how it is. Hopefully have a great day. Tell someone you love them. Hopefully have a great new year and I will see you all later. Peace.


Okay, welcome everyone. This is the status update of the Colo project if you expect to hear something about dual Android on Nexus 10 That's next door so Let's begin. Hi. I'm Will Ald and Xiaowei and I are going to talk about Colo This was talked about last year at the Zen Summit in San Diego. So this is kind of an update From that kind of what's been done in the meantime But we'll start off with just kind of an overview and then Xiaowei will take it into the details of what's gone So What is Colo? Colo is a A course-grain lock-stepping for high availability the idea is that you Want to provide a solution for a client server model so you encapsulate the server side So that it doesn't have to know anything about the high availability Features that are there it can just You know do its own thing do the whatever the server application is Uses dual VMs on on separate Systems and It uses a more relaxed constraint Mechanism than was previously done And we'll talk about that in a little bit so In terms of the way that it talks to the client the clients will send in the you know Request for information or you know, whatever it is that they're getting from the server the server will Or the Colo system will take that request and replicate it out to to the two VMs that are that are handling the work the VMs will Of course pass it into the application application will respond with with its Response packets those packets are then compared between the two systems and When they're the same then the response is just sent back to the client And when they're different then we sync the the to the primary and secondary VMs so that they're back in alignment and Then the response is given to the client This is sort of a pictorial view of this As I didn't say it explicitly, but the application is running in both VMs simultaneously and So they they look very similar that the differences are all kind of in Zen where We embed the Colo Functionality so in this case the picture shows a storage unit that's shared That's one way to do it, but it doesn't need to be shared. That's not a requirement for Colo Now I want to contrast this a little bit with Remus, which is a solution that's been in Zen for a while and We talk about it later. So Just to give you an idea Remus also uses two systems two VMs or two hardware systems two VMs But it's not running both systems simultaneously. It just runs the primary VM Request come into a remus system it also is hiding the The high availability work from the application so the application in this case also doesn't you know Doesn't need to be aware of it, but so remus requests you know Provides the request to the application gets the response and then it buffers the response rather than sending it right back to the to the client and This buffering goes on for a Predefined period that the operator will set up At the end of that period there's a checkpoint between The primary host and the secondary host which brings the secondary right up to you know The same state is the primary and then once that's completed then the Responses that have been buffered are sent back to the clients And that allows them to keep the machine state Exactly the same between the two hosts If there's a fail actually I didn't mention this in Colo, but These are almost the same or if there's a failure at some point For Colo The secondary VM is already running and it will just take over For remus the secondary VM will be started up and then it'll take over Didn't realize this was a build Okay So there there are some problems with the approach Existing approaches You know one of the existing approaches is just this kind of instruction level lock stepping and In in this approach It really doesn't compete very well performance wise because there's just so much overhead so I Other than it Not being a terribly good solution and especially if it's done in software You know it Doesn't compete in the periodic checkpointing. This is something like remus Then you've got the extra latency for the packets that you're buffering up And you're doing a checkpoint at every at the end of every Period and so that has quite a bit of overhead associated with it now So looking at remus is that was a big part of the inspiration for Colo and trying to figure out if there was a way to reduce the the overhead there and What we did was look at the at how to relax the constraints of the you know having an exact machine state replication and Now we still update the machines, but it's at a slower rate and essentially what We're looking at those packets that I talked about earlier when we get the two packets back we compare and see if they're in sync and The the relaxed state is essentially dependent on the The assumption that the application itself is going to go through a valid set of states so Moving from one state to the next will always be valid for either the primary or the secondary and So if they're in a state, you know where they're Delivering the same response then the next step in that will also be a valid state If those two are out of sync then there's no guarantee that you could move from one state to the next that that you might see So at that point we need to sync them and See oh And so this actually ties the synchronization to the application itself or the characteristics of the application so if you have an application that's Doing things that tend to make their output very more then You'll see more Updates and synchronizations and when the application is not you know, then you see very few so in most cases we find that this sort of a relaxation does lower the the number of Synchronizations required and so the overheads lower than the Remus case, but not in every case now if we look at the Picture, you know that has a little more detail than the previous one. We see that there's sort of a heartbeat No, they're within the dom zero and that's used to determine if there's a Failover that's needed when when you don't get the heartbeat you're expecting then you do the failover. There's the the checkpoint Facility there that that manages the synchronizations and the co-le manager where that the Response packets are compared and Decisions are made about what to do there Other than that, it's just the the primary and secondary VMs On the system, so it's it's fairly clean and then so the the current state Is that The patches have been put out on the mailing list There's a Paper that this URL here that you can get on the kind of the current state of the work on Zen and then Huawei this is where shall we it's from Huawei has announced that they will use colo in their fusion sphere product and From here, I'll let shall we take it Morning everyone. I will give you a detailed of our Color upgrade update the first one is our TCP IP or optimization. So mainly go up to be up here optimization is to Make there's a package response between the primary VM and the second VM be more similar so we can have Last checkpoints, which means a bad performance. So let's look at Then one by one first is a plug connection comparison as we know that Server scenarios that could be multiple connections between the client and server and It's hard to anticipate the packet orders Among their multiple TCP connections so it will Triggers many checkpoints in our coral solutions fortunately if we change Comparison a bit to do their plug connection comparison so the situation can become much better and The next one is called or cost-grain TCP or timestamp as we know timestamp is very used for identify or TCP timeout and In Linux time-time is gotten from the system time Even on the non-virtualized environment we cannot Guarantees or The time system between two servers be exactly the same and it's harder on the virtualization platforms because we need to virtualize our time Fortunately, we thought that the TCP timestamp may need to mean May not need to be such Precise so we introduced a cost-grain TCP timestamp, which means we're which has our time granularity of 128 millisecond and Are and let's look at a more details the next one is for cost-grain TCP notification window size It's basically it's basically the same story so packet From the primary and the secondary VM diverged just because they have different window size So we want then the window side window size to be more common, so here's how here's our Cost-grain window size algorithm if the original window size is less than 256 We just round down them to the nearest power of two and if the window size is larger than that We must for the eight least significant beats so This time give you example without the cost-grain window size Or our comparison model will think the two packet are different and will trigger a checkpoint and with our modifications It looks exactly the same and the packet will be sent out to their kind directly Okay, another example is Deterministic segmentation as we know that the application Data is or goes down the network stacks. It will be Assembled into SKB buffers and the buffer size is determined by the MTU size So here's example as one application send the first data With a size of 300 or 3000 the bytes it will be divided into as three SKB buffers And the later the application will send the another data and the data Well, it's like it will be appended to their last SKB buffer Depending on whether the last escape buffer is sent out or not. So it triggers another Possibility of a packet divergence. So our solution is just simple It is simple just to Prevent the packet to be appended to the last SKB buffer Okay, next let's look at how our coral do the storage a Process In coral designs storage or state is considered as an internal state Just like our memory and the CPU which mean that We need to guarantee their state be exactly same at on each checkpoint and Here's how we does it. We will add a module into then type this to intercept every request from the guest every read and write request from the guest and It will determine if the request will send down the storage deck or be satisfied Just within its cache and first let's look at how write operation works on the primary note, the writer request will be copied and Send to the remote side with and be cached inside a PV which we call a PVM cache and in the meantime the data will be sent down to the storage deck and on the Secondary note, sir, right request will just be simple or Simply be cached in the SVM cache And there are less than let's look out of how their read request works on the secondary now side as a request will first look at the cache if it exists it will be satisfied Otherwise it will read from their storage and On the primary note side as a process doesn't change on checkpoints What device Device manager will call their block driver to flush the primary virtual machines or cache down to their storage because we need Is a primary notice state exactly be copied to a secondary and on failure which means that the secondary node will take over So we just are gathered rid of the primary primary virtual machines cache and they will Flash the secondary virtual machines cache Okay Next is our memory sync in our previously designed are the memory The dirty memory will be synced to their remote side on each checkpoint But that could be problems because or when their time period between two checkpoints are it is long That could be not many or dead pages accumulated and it will cause her high CPU pressure and Long surface downtime on checkpoints. So we did some Optimization of the checkpoint process. We will do their memory sync at the wrong time so basically when their When the process breaks from weights, we all check if it's because of Triggered by the checkpoint or it's just needed to do one round of a memory sync and If later we are copies are dated to the remote side and it will be cached at the remote side until the next checkpoint Then that catch will be synced to the second secondary virtual machine and This one is very simple on checkpoint. We need to save our stores or device PV device state Yeah, and there previous on Current solution it use or then start to communicate between the front end and the back end But one problem is that then start could introduce a high latency our Job is very simple to avoid using Zen store and just using event channel Okay, and next let me show you some a performance data. It's just a copy of run our Socc paper first one is there a lot Performance data of their webbench benchmark Here are two For four configurations. The first one is negative. The second one is Ramas with your epoch Which is the period between two checkpoint Equals to 20 millisecond and the third one is Ramas with your epoch Set as a 40 millisecond and the last one is our chorus performance as We can see a first. Let's look at two Remus result We can see that if we set to the epoch longer, we can get a bit better performance. However, it also means That the their packet will be buffered a lot of a long time and well, it will have a longer latency and There but our color solution doesn't have such issues We will send out the package directly if you if if compare most think that primary and a secondary note No, the response is the same under with regard to their Ben ways we also Can see that our corals of homes is also bad is better than the remus And the next let's look at a question. Yeah Do you have an explanation for why the tail often Yes, yes, yes, yeah, because it's simply because that's their compare mode from the packet or Packet diverge diverge increases and they will do their checkpoint more frequently. It will have the performance And then of course there are space to optimize in this area Okay, next let's look at our scalability result as we said that's the car one key advantage of a coral comparing to their lock step Solution is that it can support SMP against while the lock step solution can only support UP So here we do the benchmark with earth of guest of easy view set as one Two and four and we can see That's the performance scales are very well when the vis-a-vis number increases So it just means that scalability is good Okay, next is their benchmark of their PG bench, which will test the database transaction It almost Tells the same story. We got a better throughput lower latency and the Scalability is very good. Okay upstream as mentioned, we have already pierced the initial patch to there is an upstream or this or July and there's a few comments and more comments are we can welcome and and the coral rematch corollary as he said coral reuses rematch for VM checkpoint and heartbeat and when we do the development we rely on their Sentos or Zendee But as the community move from Zendee to the lights that could be More work to be done on the then light to support our rematch Okay, last summary Our core work currently has already a walk to well with the combination of H&M latest a guest and the PV driver and We are doing their development of their to support Windows guest and We need or not participants or new community and want to be checking the upstream As soon as possible Okay, that's my slides and the questions Mm-hmm Split one Brink Actually this is her Not a focus of her of coral we just do a user heartbeat to check To monitor the health or state of the another another side We saw we don't do any specific Implementations Yeah, so then architecturally if I'm implementing this I'm looking at only the primary node And the primary node itself is going to be Whether Yeah, yeah, if their secondary secondary node thoughts that's primarily crashed it will take it try to take over and So it will respond to the package Also, so client will see their response from their primary and secondary Client is Yeah It could be our first detection by the heartbeat and we didn't fix that problem in our car Any additional questions we got about two minutes. I had it just a quick one I must put the heartbeat being associated with Dom zero. Yes How about what I would consider to be a suboptimal of possible use case? Harbour machine one running VM one harbour machine to running VM to Harbour machine three running the colos of VM one and VM two Simultaneously is that not allowed or just a bad idea. It's a very it's the bad idea Because we want to survive from the hardware crash So this deployment don't change anything. It's just I've worked in enough data centers over the years I could really imagine some manager saying well, we'll just have the machine out inside the secondary data center That would be the backup to all these other machines out in the field and not thinking necessarily about the consequences of doing that, but I was just wondering whether that's even conceivable in this So you You're saying that case where there are multiple Where you have various primaries, but you're using the same host for multiple secondaries I don't think we really look at it It's possible, but will increase or much higher overhead Because I've definitely seen a lot of the hot spare model So I've definitely seen a lot of the hot spare model used over the years My assumption is that this is very latency sensitive between primary and secondary


Everybody forced here ripping 2023 panini black football six box half case number five picker team style one sec The sales sheet time that for some reason There we go. Yeah, Ben asked of the Browns and the Pats Brandon with the with the commanders appreciate your Brandon Diego has the Raiders Isaac Cardinals Jack P Vikings James F with the Ravens James F also has the Panthers same James Jesse as Falcons John B. Bengals John a Steelers Jose S Rams Kyle K Jags Lee G Broncos Lou F Bucks Nicholas S Giants Nicholas S also has a Seahawks Nicholas M jets Peter B Eagles Niners Peter and Dolphins Richard P Chargers Ron a Bears Sean Oh Cowboys Two different Sean Oh Sean Oh B with the Cowboys Sean. Okay Texans Sean a has the Titans Steve C Packers and chiefs TJ the Saints T Splitshaw with the Bills and the Colts UW Lions. Good luck y'all I'll do my best read do my best Again all the teams are further marked down in Bowman Chrome choice PYT's today guys and then we have SPX hockey as well That's in a little bit a little later today early this afternoon. So get your spots for those Yeah, I'm marked on all the choice teams a good bit Not don't do a ton of choice PYT's 425 to start us off Colts Michael Pittman, Jr. Taijai Spears with the Titans rookie Hendon Hooker rookie patch low numbered 14 of 25 nice card for the Lions Rookie Lions and Hooker what we got here. We got here. We've got night lights Dude, that is sick. That's six at 25 Darren Woodson auto. That is so cool That's new this year night lights Darren Woodson Dallas. Wow That's a pretty one Going to Sean OB. There you go, buddy Not sure if he's watching live, but he'll he'll like that one a lot Darren Woodson to 25 That's cool. That's cool on card acetate and a Michael mayors sizable signatures to 99 rookie Jersey auto for Raiders Obviously the color match they all that's all color match This one more so though it has the black trim is there still is it still called a black hole in Vegas? I'm assuming they have a part of the stadium at least They used to be a ride a wet and wild Think it was a wet and wild the water the old water park Elijah Higgins at 35 Ricky for the Dolphins. I Was afraid of that right when I was little because it literally is a pitch black You would know you're just getting like water up your nose You're just going out this I'm saying super fast twisty and turny Alvin Camara for the Saints On the base to a on the Starlight materials the 150 dolphins Jersey card lions with a rookie auto and it's Jameer Gibbs the 50 nice hit Detroit Nice Gibbs the 50 rookie auto and a Michael Wilson sizable signatures the 50 with a three-color jumbo patch on the auto Zona Zona's not well today He backs general manager gun extension He's in her house and I've got to say his name. Oh, he got extended. Yes. I know the Red Sox, I think trying to get him in some capacity Less pressure in Arizona you're doing well there currently like What more could you ask for? It's 10 Jaden Reed rookie for the Packers nice gold for the Packers Eden Reed we got a Tucker crafts. I agree Joshua It seems like every box or two like you're getting a really nice hit. Yeah Designs are done pretty well Kenny pick it patch card number six of 50 for the Steelers luckily for the Steelers. It doesn't like he's too badly injured It's the last thing they need is Kenny pick it to go down Yo Steelers, I think they can protect him super well, but Michael Wilson Ricky on it to 199 Zona again Got a lot of Michael Wilson today Not a bad guy to be hitting though Especially that Cardinals price and a chase Brown sizable signatures rookie patch out of the 50 for sincey Chase Brown. I like how they have the black part of the patch where the silver ink is Good contrast there Club box for 2029 dang either for like five more years then For the club option after that That's a lot for an executive 75 rookie is you'll see us for the Bengals Yeah, especially it's all coming up to they like overachieved this year. Yeah, cuz Honestly, they should have been next to your playoffs I think overachieved might be the might be the wrong word like their pitching is but they're young pitching is I'm really good I mean, obviously, you know what you haven't gallon but other than that like thought has been good Like Jameson had some flashes that Stafford right there Farm system looks strong still Quentin Johnston on the Some Ricky Jersey to 150 for the Chargers. There we go. This is where I work Quentin Johnson to 50 rookie auto Chargers This is where I sit Got a sheer ice Ricky patch out of the 199 for the chief. So what are you giving him for the Jammer, you know, well, thank you rich my pleasure. Seriously nice See you Tom got an olava here number to 10 for the Saints Good color match there for the Saints Chris Rodríguez Jr. Rookie for Washington. I think that's the first Washington car. We've seen all day Yeah, we do rookie Jersey to 99 rookie influx is La Porta for the Lions. Yeah, this is gonna be cool Yeah capstones quad Jersey auto Niners Fred Warner to 50 nice Fred That guy's an animal. So the Hawkins a we saw earlier was sticker. This one's on card though like that like that I would assume Most of them will be on card. I hope at least the smoke shows in the in the the Midnights are on card Those are the ones that have the really good look And then we got Jake Hainer rookie dual patch on it to 99 Saints Are we gonna close out with a banger here? She I know it's been it's been mostly a quiet half-case some teams have done well. Don't get me wrong some teams have done well, but Need you know in a spark in a spark here. No SP's yet either till Maybe we got one 75 is Taylor for the Colts. I think that might be uh, I Think it is. I think it is well read. We got you red white night. Justin Jefferson. No We got you red. We got you. We got you J. Jetta's Hey, sometimes you just got to buy him in in a few you just need the one to hit There we go, buddy. We'll get that in a mag for it's pretty Jay Jetta's white night Tyler Scott rookie Jersey to 150 for Chicago. Yeah last box of the break to oh That's a good one Capstones Jordan love quad patch out of the 50 for the Packers Very nice. I'd say he's been mostly good this year For the most part. Yeah He's got some growing to do still I think but for first year starting. He has done good Hopefully he gets better Go clean Jay hard on that one. There you go pack and a Tyler Scott RPA for Chicago to 50 a lot of a lot of Scott for us here There you go bears on the orange Give me one second then we'll recap everybody Overall, not the best half case of the day, but again some teams still did really well Just a good product. So Even when you're not hitting like monsters swooshes and shields and crazy RPA is you're still getting some good stuff All right guys more spots are coming in for bowman chrome later again. We have just Two products with spots left today. No white knight is a short print. So not numbered SBX has tend to go bowman chrome choice 14 18 and 20 again all teams are marked down and bowman chrome It's all choice cases here. Got hobby on Fanatics live. All right, relics of got Tyler Scott Quentin Johnston to a Laporta Kenny Pickett's hand and hooker to 25 Autos now we've got Rashi rice nice RPA to 1 99 Michael Wilson. You got a J. Caner to 99 Michael Mayer to 99 What's the order number? FSU Got Gibbs Michael Wilson Chase Brown Quentin Johnston did have some solid Ricky hits for sure Fred Warner capstones on card quad jersey auto Jordan love as well to 50 Tyler Scott Nightlights Darren Woodson very cool Then the white knight of Justin Jefferson that'll do. Thanks again everybody. We're moving on now to happiness number six