The Black Lives Matter movement has put the police in the spotlight in a fundamental way. People are questioning the police in a fundamental way. And this is quite different to the last wave of Black Lives Matter protests because now a layer of people, more than before, have really moved beyond the demand for reform, onto demands for much more fundamental change. I mean, the protesters in the US, they burned a police station to the ground. This is not asking for a slightly nicer police force, this is asking. Well, in their own words, the demand is abolish the police. This is the demand that has been raised in the US, and this is the one that we have to spend a little bit of time thinking about. This movement, this slogan, abolish the police is basically what it means is it's getting people to ask the big question, what kind of society do we actually want to live in? The police are pretty, they're taken for granted as a fundamental aspect of modern society. To say that it should be abolished, that is asking in a fundamental way, what kind of society is it that we actually want to live in? And obviously we're Marxists. We have an answer to that question, what kind of society do we want to live in? But we take a scientific approach to it. Marx didn't just say abolish capitalism. He undertook a serious study of capitalism. He asked, what is capital? Where did it come from? How does it work today? By understanding that, he could understand how it should be, how it could be abolished. And we have to take the same approach, I think, with the question of the police. We have to ask, what is the police? Where did it come from? And how does it operate today? What sort of role does it play in society today? The slogans for us are not enough. They're important, but we have to penetrate beneath that and look at things in a more scientific and more fundamental way. So what is the police? I mean, to state the obvious, it's an armed body of men and women, armed in the sense of guns in some places, batons, handcuffs, tasers, whatever, but armed. And it is consciously made, is consciously portrayed as standing above society as a kind of neutral arbiter to resolve conflicts that arise in society. And it's consciously portrayed as doing that in the interests of the whole of society and the interests of everyone. To that end, and with that aim in mind, along with other parts of the state, like the prisons, like the army, the police has a monopoly on the right to use violence against other people. And when you whittle it down, that monopoly on violence, which is justified in the name of society as a whole, that is the essence of state power. All the regulation and administration that you think of when you think of the state, you think of it doing all these different things. All of that stuff that is carried out by the state is only made effective, is only possible thanks to the coercive power of the state. It's because it is backed up by the courts, the prisons, the army, and the police wouldn't be able to do that stuff without it. And so the police are one very crucial pillar of the modern state. Now the state has not always existed as a feature of human society. It actually first came into existence alongside the rise of private property. When private property first appeared, thanks to developments in economic production, the state also, classed society arose, and the state arose with that around 6,000 years ago. As organized violence, that's what the state was. Organized violence, protecting private property, that's why they arose at the same time, that's why it became necessary at a certain point in human history. Organized violence was required to protect the political power of a minority of property owners against a property less and powerless majority. That is the origins of the state. Of course, if a property owning minority of society wants to demand a monopoly on violence for itself to protect itself against the vast majority of society who don't own property, then it needs to make a pretty good case for that. That's quite a difficult case to argue. Us as a minority, we have the right to use violence against you, the majority, because we own property. To be honest, you can't make that case very obviously. To put it in those terms, to put it in that way, people wouldn't stand for that. The majority being the majority would overthrow the minority. Throughout all of history, the state and its various pillars, its various facets of the state, whether that's the police, the army, the courts, the prisons, whatever it is, the forces of organized violence, which are the fundamental essence of the state, they have always been shrouded in mysticism. It's pretty rare that the state says about itself, yes, we are the forces of organized violence, which arose along with private property and for the purpose of defending private property. They don't say that about themselves. The ruling class, for example, has used religion quite often to justify its rule and its organization of violence and of the coercive forces in society. Medieval kings, for example, they claim to rule by divine right. To this day, the state uses grand phrases like the rule of law. It dresses people up in wigs and gowns and ermine sophisticated Latin phrases and so on. All of that, its only purpose is to make the organized violence of beating up protesters, evicting people from their homes, locking up some of the most vulnerable people in society. It's designed to make that all that stuff seem respectable, but it's just shrouding it in mysticism. All that is going on there is organized violence to defend the interests of the property-owning ruling class. And that hard power of organized violence is made to seem legitimate, with softer methods also, efforts by the state to influence the media, education, the labor movement itself, how many trade union leaders get elevated to the house of lords, even knighted in some cases and so on. They use these methods also to shroud their state apparatus, their forces of organized violence, to shroud that in a kind of respectability. And the police are also part of this. If the police openly went around saying, well, we're a weapon in the class war, we arose at the same time as class society arose, at the same time as the division of society into classes, we're a weapon in the class war, we're designed to protect the private property of the ruling class. If they did that, they could claim no authority whatsoever. The vast majority of people who don't own land or businesses or large-scale private property, serious bits of the economy, people wouldn't have any respect for them. They wouldn't have any authority in society in general. And so they are shrouded like everything else in mysticism and in phrases, like in the US, for example, to protect and serve. There's this image, a bit old-fashioned now, but the nice, the bobby's on the beat in Britain, the nice friendly policeman who you could go and chat to and ask in the time and all the rest of it. This is a conscious effort to make these this force of organized violence, this institution which has a monopoly on violence against people, mainly working-class people, I'll come back to that, to make it seem like it is respectable that it stands apart from society in some way, that it's not actually involved with the class division in society. But if you want to understand the police, you have to look beyond what they say about themselves to where they came from and the role that they play in class society. Now clearly the state today is not the same as it has been in the past. It has gone through many changes. There were ancient slave states, for example, in Greece and Rome, and that was a particular type of state. And that type of state is different to the type of state that existed with the medieval kings, for example, under feudalism. And the type of state that existed then is also different to the kind of state that we have today, under modern capitalism. The role of the state as a weapon of whichever ruling class was in power at any given time, that hasn't fundamentally changed. The ruling class at any given time has always used the state as a weapon against the exploited classes. That function of a state has not changed fundamentally throughout all of the entire history of the existence of the state. But obviously throughout history it has been refined and it has been polished. And every time there's been a revolution, for example, or fundamental change in the way society is organized, the ruling class or the new ruling class, if there's been a revolution, finds a way to refine and adapt the state to better suit its purposes, to play the role better of being a weapon used by the minority in society against the vast majority. And the police, as we see it today, the police is a product of that refining, basically, it's a product of that polishing the state as a weapon of the modern ruling class, of the capitalist class. Now the metropolitan police, also known as the Met Police in London, was the first ever modern police force. And this is entirely connected with the fact that the industrial revolution, this is entirely connected with the fact that the industrial revolution first began in Britain. Because when that took place, the British ruling class, the British capitalist class, was faced with a problem. The industrial revolution brought about rapid proletarianization of larger layers of the population. They streamed into the cities, such as London. And so the potential for industrial unrest, and unrest amongst the working class, this newly proletarianized layer, leaving the countryside coming into the cities, central for unrest was rife. And all that existed was something called the watch, the night's watch, it passed for police. It was badly equipped to deal with anything, to be honest, beyond very low level crime, loitering at night time, they watched out for fires. That was the level of so-called police at that time. When it came to kind of disciplining the working class, when it came to large-scale industrial unrest, for example, they didn't have a police force. That wasn't the job of the watch, to be honest. All that the ruling class, all that the capitalist class had for dealing with that kind of thing, was a very blunt instrument of militarized units, like Hussars or the Yeomanry in a particular town. Now, in 1819, just over 100 years ago, sorry, just over 200 years ago, this kind of very blunt militarized instrument was used against the demonstration of tens of thousands of working class people demanding the right to vote at a gathering in Manchester. And that turned into what is now known as the Peterloo Massacre, because dozens of people were killed. The Hussars and the Yeomanry charged at the crowd and killed people in what was. If you inserted your agents directly into the communities to identify, isolate and then arrest the ringleaders without having to wait for widespread rebellion and therefore without having to use heavy-handed tactics against them, you can catch it earlier. If you basically infiltrate the communities, put individual or small groups of agents into the communities themselves. And those community agents, that's the forerunners of the police. That's where the idea of the police came from. As Home Secretary later, Peel imported this idea into the rest of Britain and established the Metropolitan Police in 1829, 10 years after the Peterloo Massacre. Now the Met Police's guiding principle is policing by consent. That's what they talk about and they still to this day talk about that a lot. The idea being that police officers are just, they're just citizens in uniform. They're just ordinary people like you and me. They were given blue uniforms to distinguish them from the green uniforms of the army. They didn't carry the same weapons as the army. They were saying, look, we're not the Yeomanry, we're not the Hussars, we're not these militarized units that you hate so much that have been used against you before to discipline the working class. We're the same as you. We're just part of your community. We're just citizens in uniforms policing by consent. They dress them, they literally, with their blue uniforms, dress themselves up as something different to everything else. But they came from the same place. They came from the exact same desire of the British ruling class to control, to discipline the working class. They just realized that if they continued down the path of, you know, the Peterloo Massacre, that they were going to provoke a rebellion against the government, against the establishment, against capitalism. So in this way, the British state found a way to refine its apparatus of organized violence, all the better to protect the interests of the ruling class. Now, although the Met Police Model was exported all over the world, and many countries use the exact same methods, in some places, the real role of the police was a bit more openly on display. They weren't covered up quite so well. In Pennsylvania, in the US, in 1865, the Pennsylvania General Assembly granted the right to coal and iron companies to exploit, sorry, to employ and maintain their own police force to protect their businesses, basically. Law enforcement at that time didn't exist at a state level. It was lower down than that. But the coal and iron companies said, we need more. Can we please form our own police force? And the General Assembly in Pennsylvania said, yeah, right. And the main purpose of that police force was to act as strike breakers. That was the purpose for its existence, in other words, protecting the rights of coal and iron companies to exploit their workers for profit. That was why that police force was formed. They used extreme violence up to and including lynching against working class people in the interests of the bosses. And all of that was while they were authorized by the General Assembly as a police force. They were called a police force. Now later, a state level police force was established, which refined and smartened up the image of the police in Pennsylvania. But the role and the position of police in society didn't change fundamentally. They just changed the uniforms a bit. But it played the same purpose was exactly the same. And so although over time and in some places, the police force has been smartened up and straightened out and is less obviously corrupt maybe in some places, it's no less a part of the repressive state apparatus, the repressive apparatus of organized violence in defense of the ruling class that it has always been. And in some places, of course, it is still very much openly that and all we need to do is look at what's going on in Nigeria right now to see that in some places it is just openly exactly the same. It's not like the police in Nigeria as an institution us are fundamentally in some way different. There's a reason that's called the police in Nigeria and then we have the police in every other country, they play the same role. Some of it is just slightly more smartened up and made to look a bit less abusive. But deep down, they come from the same place and their purpose is identical.  During the 1926 general strike in Britain, the police were used to defend scabs. So as scabs crossing the picket lines, the police were used to defend them against the striking workers. In other words, the police used violence against the working class in the interests of the capitalist class. In East London, 1936, the police tried to fight their way through a demonstration of workers and young people and Jewish people which was blocking Oswald Mosley and his fascist black shirts marching through the east end of London. So yeah, this was the battle of Cable Street. You had the working class on one side trying to stop the fascists and on the other side you had this unholy alliance of the police and the fascists fighting in Cable Street against working class people. In June 1984, at all grief and rather in South Yorkshire, the police violently attacked striking miners and arrested dozens of them on trumped-up charges. And in fact, this was so brazen by this behavior of the police, it was more like Peterloo actually than policing by consent. It was so such brazen violence in the in the defense of capitalism and the Tory government at the time that even the courts, the police complaints commission, even senior South Yorkshire police officials were forced to criticize the actions of the police at that time. But of course, this is under the impact of great events. These things become clearer for people. In so-called normal times, the police try to appear a bit more as an independent pillar of society standing apart from everything else. Clearly though, the police are closely linked. They don't stand apart from everything else. They're clearly closely linked to other bits of the state, first of all, obviously the prisons and the courts. So I don't think I even need to explain that. Everyone can see the police, the prisons and the courts are all part of the same system. But they're also very closely linked to the army. The idea originally behind the police was that they would something different to the army. But today, there's something called the military joint task force headquarters. And that coordinates between the military and the police so that they're all on the same page and pushing the same agenda. The chief constable of Gloucestershire police, a man called Rod Hansen, he is the chief policeman on the military joint task force. So they wear different uniforms. But the army chiefs, who carry out the interests of British imperialism abroad, they're the same men who police the streets here at home. But the police aren't just closely linked to other parts of the state. They are also directly linked to the ruling class themselves. The capitalists got the big bourgeois, well, the police is directly linked to those people whose interests they serve. And there are a whole host of examples that I can give you illustrating this point. For example, the private security firm G4S, they hired the former Met Police Commissioner, a man called Paul Condon. And he was sat on their board until 2012. On top of that, the police and crime commissioner, which is the kind of an elected official, it's the highest civilian oversight of the police. It's the civilian who runs the police in every given area. There's about 40 of them around the country. The police and crime commissioner for Devon previously ran a management consultancy firm. The PCC in Somerset previously ran a very large bakery chain. The PCC in Wiltshire ran an accountancy firm. The PCC in Sussex ran a leisure company. I could go on. They're all business people. That's the people running the police at the moment. The independent office for police conduct, which deals with complaints about the police, is stacked with PWC accountants and people whose day job it is to privatize the NHS. These are the kind of people that are running the police complaints office. In 2018, the Bluewater shopping centre, massive shopping centre in Kent, it paid over half a million pounds to Kent police. Sorry, that's in 2015, not 2018. They paid this money for nine PCs and two sergeants from Kent police to police the shopping centre. They privately paid for the police to come and work for them. The Berkeley group property development company paid 85,000 to the MET for the same thing in 2018. Also in 2018, EasyJet, ASDA, Westfield shopping centres, private schools in Dulwich, for example, Thames Tideway, which is a big sewage company in London, and universities, including Bournemouth and Brunel, all contributed £132 million of private money to police. That's in 2018. All that private money from big business to the police. Between 1993 and 2009, big construction companies, blacklisted trade unionists, and they prevented them from getting work with those construction companies for years, and they based their decision to blacklist certain workers on information supplied to them by undercover police officers spying on trade union activists. There's a bill actually going through Parliament, obviously, which deals with this at the moment as well. I don't have time to deal with that now. Also, they based their decisions, by the way, on advice from senior police officers from a unit called the National Extremism Tactical Coordination Unit. That's big business and the police directly colluding against the working class, against the working class people. The current commissioner of the MET police is a woman called Dame Cressida Dick, very much part of the establishment, the elite, educated, of course, at both Oxford and Cambridge. The current police commissioner in Leicestershire is a man called Baron Bach of Lutterworth, who is as much of a cartoon villain as his name suggests. He's Oxford educated and he has sat on the board of various arms companies, held very important positions in the Ministry of Defense, and he runs the police in Leicestershire. 24 per cent, a quarter of all police commissioners and chief officers attended private schools compared to 6.5 per cent of the population, 50 per cent of them attended elite universities, chief constables, and anywhere from £130,000 to £230,000 per year, the House of Lords is littered with former police chiefs. The Home Office runs the police. It falls under their remit. Since 1867, every single one of the chief civil servants in the Home Office has been a knight of the realm, with two exceptions, which is the only two women who appear on that list, and there is also the current one who's not a knight, but he only started in March, so he's got a bit of time. Since 1885, every single one of those chief civil servants in the Home Office has been educated at either Oxford or Cambridge, with one exception who was educated at Edinburgh University, but every other one since 1885 went to either Oxford or Cambridge. The point I'm trying to make here is that the police are tied by a thousand threads, some very direct, such as big business colluding with the police to attack working class people, to blacklist them and so on. But some more indirect, such as educating the police chiefs in the schools and universities of the elite, they are tied by a thousand threads to the ruling class that they are designed to serve. That's not an accident, that is very, very deliberate. Obviously it's not to say that every police officer is like that, many of the lower ranks of the police are just working class men and women trying to get a decent wage. There is a big class difference between the people who run the police and those who work as rank and file police officers. That, of course, though, makes no difference to the objective role that the police plays in class society. And in fact, the nature of police work means that this class distinction does not often express itself. The police are used, almost exclusively, to discipline the working class. They see the worst, most lumpenized elements in society and they're taught to generalize and stereotype and use violence against all working class people as a result. This is how the police are taught. This is how they're trained. For example, in the London riots in 2011, a 23-year-old was sent to prison for six months for stealing a bottle of water worth £3.50. Meanwhile, recently, very recently, these FinCEN leaks have shown $2 trillion of money being laundered, basically, by the world's biggest banks over the 17-year period in the recent past. None of the people responsible for those crimes are going to go to prison. They'll probably face a slap on the wrist, if that. The point is that those laws, the money laundering laws, the laws dealing with the big banks, they're enforced by someone else. They're enforced by different agencies. The police enforce the laws aimed at the working class. The point is, obviously, the people enforcing the laws against the big banks, that's another question, but they have no real interest in enforcing those laws properly. Obviously, the fact that the police is used against the working class, that in turn attracts and promotes some of the most reactionary people and ideas towards the police. It's not just the nature, of course, of the laws that the police enforce, but also the way that they are trained to enforce them. The over-policing of Black neighbourhoods, for example, is absolutely endemic. Between March and May this year, so during the lockdown, over a quarter, over a quarter, more than one in four, all the young Black men, all Black men aged 15 to 24 in London, more than one in four, were stopped and searched, just in those months. Over 80% of those stops resulted in further action. Black people in England and Wales are 10 times more likely to be stopped and searched than white people.  The point is that the racism of the ruling class is incorporated into the methods used by its police force. That is why, and that's inevitable, because it is the police force of the ruling class. The racism of the ruling class, which has been discussed elsewhere in this weekend, is reflected in the police force. That's why, in 1999, the police force in this country was declared to be institutionally racist, and earlier this year, 20 years later, an anonymous Black police officer in the Met wrote an article detailing why she thinks the police is still institutionally racist to this day. Now, all of this tells us something very important. The police, like the rest of the bourgeois state, cannot be reformed away from being a weapon of the bourgeoisie, away from being a weapon of the capitalist class, into something that defends the interests of the working class. Obviously, this or that small change can be made, and we would be in favour of such reforms, make the police wear cameras, prosecute the more flagrant abuses and so on. But the police today are entirely a weapon of the ruling class against the working class, and to sever every single one of the thousand threads that tie the police to the capitalist class requires a revolution. You can't reform all of that stuff away. And in the past, all sorts of mistakes have been made by those on the left who think it's possible for the working class to seize the state institutions of the capitalists, capture them through elections or whatever, and use them in turn, use those institutions against the capitalist class that has created them. That is a fantasy. That's 30 minutes. The state is built, operated and refined over centuries to serve the interests of the capitalists. The bit that we see of the state, the elected politicians, that's just the tip of the iceberg. Beneath that is a civil service, a judiciary, a house of lords, an aristocracy, media, education system, bishops, the military, the secret services, and the police, none of which is elected, and all of which is educated, trained, and used by the ruling class in the interests of the ruling class. Now, that isn't to say that you can't use the institutions of the bourgeois state to advance the working class struggle. The Bolsheviks did that in Russia in the early 20th century. They used elections to the Duma, to the bourgeois Russian parliament, as a platform, very effective platform from which they could reach a wider layer of people with their ideas. And it's also not to say that the working class struggle can't curb the power of the state. The strength of the Black Lives Matter movement in the US has caused the Democratic Party in Minneapolis to promise to close down the police department there. Now, whether it actually does that and what that looks like is another question, but the fact that they were forced to promise that by the strength of the movement is an indication of how powerful that movement can be. And actually, you're seeing the same thing in Nigeria right now. The strength of the anti-police brutality movement in Nigeria that's taking place at the moment has already won concessions on the question of the police and is likely to be able to go much further. Obviously, though, those things, they don't fundamentally, they're stepping stone and they're good and we support them, but they don't fundamentally solve the question of the police. Our aim is not to take over the police and reform it into something fundamentally different because that is impossible. Our aim is to smash the police as it currently exists, to dismantle it as an institution and not just the police, but the army, the courts, the civil service, parliament, every institution of the bourgeois state sweep the whole lot away because none of that stuff is fit for the purpose of running society in the interests of the working class. Now, that obviously begs the question, well, what will replace all of that stuff if we want to get rid of it? What kind of institutions are fit for running society in the interests of the working class? Well, just as the ruling class has built and refined its own state institutions, so the working class can and has built its own forms of state power in the past, in different episodes of class struggle throughout history. Elected workers councils, also known as Soviets, were established during the Russian revolutions of 1905, 1917. They issued political decrees. They took over the running of society and they established a military revolutionary committee to deal with the question of organized force in the interests of the working class to combat the organized violence of the ruling class. And these then can be defined, can be said to be institutions of state power, which were tied by a thousand threads to the working class. And they challenged in 1917, they challenged the bourgeois, the forces of organized violence that belonged to the bourgeois, they challenged them for power, and of course they won. You saw the same thing in Italy in 1920, a wave of factory occupations and the trade unions organized red brigades to defend the factories and protect their class's interests. And most recently in Minneapolis, after the police were effectively ejected from large bits of the city, the NAACP began to organize armed patrols of local people to protect the community, protect businesses, stop vandalism, and so on. Like the red brigades protecting the factories in Italy in 1920, they weren't random individuals. These were organized and they were coordinated. And it was Trotsky actually, he pointed this out, that the workers' forces of law and order, the workers' militias, if you like, they come out of the picket line. It's workers defending the right to strike, defending their bargaining power, defending their living and working conditions against the scabs and the police, against the forces of bourgeois violence, that's where the forces of proletarian, well, violence, if you like, proletarian law and order come from. These are embryonic proletarian state institutions. And we need those as a class. Our class needs that kind of thing. They are weapons in the class, struggle against the capitalist class. Obviously, though, the need for a state apparatus exists only so long as there are mutually antagonistic classes in society. That's why it arose. And basically, as long as you've got some people who own the private property, other people who work on that private property, you will have classes and you will have the need for a state. A society that abolishes that class distinction by making the people who work also the people who own through expropriations and nationalizations and so on, you can then see the state apparatus wither away and eventually disappear. And then you would have a democratically planned economy, which could invest in housing, jobs, production, satisfy the needs of everyone. Vast swathes of crime on that basis would be eliminated. You could then have proper investment in healthcare, which would help to treat the most vulnerable in society instead of criminalizing them, as is done at the moment. And then for what a little crime remained, proletarian policing would come from within communities, not imposed by the ruling class on us from outside. That is the kind of society that we are fighting for. But knowing what kind of... And this is an important point now, and this will be the last couple of points that I made. Knowing what kind of society we're fighting for isn't enough. It's important, it's essential, knowing what kind of world we would like to see. But that on its own is not enough, because we have to connect that idea with the class struggle as it is actually unfolding at any given time. Now, slogans and tactics of the workers movement in relation to the police have differed and must differ depending on the concrete circumstances of the class struggle at any given time. So one of the slogans of the BLM movement is abolish the police. We have to connect with that to give it a clear and real revolutionary content to make sure it's not co-opted or watered down or whatever. So to the people saying we should abolish the police, I say, yeah, very good. Let's abolish the police. But how? How are we going to do that and what will society look like when it's done? I think we have to point out when people raise this slogan that you can't abolish the police without abolishing class society. It's naive to think that you can have a society divided into landlords and capitalists on one side and exploited and oppressed workers on the other side and not have a police force. That is a fantasy. That is a utopia. If we really understand what the police is, where it comes from, the role that it plays in society, then we understand that the slogan abolish the police only makes sense if it is linked with the fight against capitalism and for socialist revolution. Now, for a lot of people right now, especially black people in the US, especially people in Nigeria right now and in parts of London also, the police are perceived as an occupying army terrorizing working class people using racist methods. And they say abolish the police and I say, yes, good. And then I discuss with them, well, how are we going to do it? You have to link it to abolishing class society. But for a lot of people, a lot of working class people, both today and at various points in the past, the police are not always perceived and not always at every moment perceived as a weapon of the ruling class directed against workers. We know that that's what it is, but it's not always seen that way by the working class. They are often actually seen as this institution to fight crime and maintain law and order and people don't want crime. They don't want anarchy and chaos and vandalism and all the rest of it. You talk to a working class person whose community is blighted by drugs, by vandalism where it's not safe to walk at night where they're worried about their family, about bringing up a family there and so on. You talk to someone like that. I don't think they would necessarily be always, and at every point throughout history, receptive to the idea that we should abolish the police. They want to feel some measure of security in their lives and Jeremy Corbyn actually tried to tap into this at the last general election. He said, well, he actually campaigned to put more police on the streets. Now that's a mistake and we criticised him for that at the time because you don't make working class people more secure by strengthening the weapons of the ruling class, clearly. But in answer to Corbyn saying we should have more police on the street, the answer is not, no, actually we should just abolish the police in its entirety. We say that for working class people to feel more secure, they should have democratic control over the police. Instead of all these bourgeois hangers on these business people and all the rest of it who currently run the forces of organised violence, working class people should have democratic control over the police. A demand like that connects with people's desire to live their lives safely, but it also, and this is important, it would begin to shatter the police as an effective weapon of the ruling class because it brings to the fore the class question, who is it that you as the police are supposed to be serving and protecting? In other words, which class in society are you serving and protecting? If we raise a demand, we want democratic control over the police, then it can raise that question as well. And so the demands raised by Marxists, whether that is raised by the movement or connecting to the demands raised by the movement, the demands raised by Marxists, 40 minutes been, whether that's abolished the police or democratic control over the police, whatever it is, they all have the same goal, which is to shatter the police as an instrument of the ruling class. They use, of course, different tactics and slogans to achieve that aim. During the 1970s in Britain, there was massive industrial unrest, the police were threatening to go on strike. And actually in 1918, 1919, the police in Britain did go on strike. In 1919, the police in Boston went on strike and were accused by the press at the time of having been infiltrated by the Bolsheviks and this kind of thing. Under those conditions where the police itself was in a ferment, cracks opening up along class lines, society as a whole, there was a big industrial ferment in the aftermath of the Russian Revolution or whatever it was, the Marxists didn't use the slogan, abolish the police, because that would have been a bit of a blunt instrument, wouldn't have connected with the mood that existed in society at the time with the concrete conditions that existed. They talked about trade union rights for rank and file police officers, the need for democratic control of the police by society as a whole, in other words, trying to drive a wedge between rank and file police and senior officers to dismantle the police as an instrument of the bourgeois state. So obviously, like a slogan like abolish the police, we can agree with it, but we have to explain it and likewise, demands like that trade union rights for the police, if they are appropriate in a particular given moment, they also need to be explained because that on its own, those slogans also are not enough, they don't fundamentally solve the problem of the police as an institution of the bourgeois state, not least by the way, because the police does not stand still as an institution. After the police strike in Britain in 1919, all of the most radical police officers were sacked, all that was left was the most reactionary ones. Same things happening actually as has happened in the past period in Greece. The police was used against the workers movement, the most radical ones left, all that's left in the police now are very reactionary. In other words, as events change, as the class struggle develops, as things move, as society moves, the police is part of that society, it's not just a static mass. And so the consciousness of police officers can change, therefore the attitude of workers towards the police can change and the kind of slogans in relation to the police that we will raise will also change. In some countries, police unions will participate in general strikes. In other countries, those police unions will be used to break those strikes. Different police unions within the same country can find themselves on opposite sides of the barricades. None of that changes the objective role, our objective understanding, our scientific understanding of the role that the police play in society. But it does tell us that a blunt one size fits all slogan irrelevant of place and time and circumstance is not an effective tool for the revolutionary movement to use to smash the police as a weapon of the capitalist class. And today in the US, for example, the Marxists are correctly pointing out the thoroughly reactionary role of police unions in the US, which are little more than glorified gangs running protection rapids, funding right wing politicians covering up for their members when they commit the most heinous abuses of power. Police unions in the US today have absolutely no place in the labor movement and should be ejected from it. And the Black Lives Matter movement has really thrown that into sharp relief. So our job then to sum up our job is to understand what the police is objectively by studying the state, its origins, class society, and capitalism. And then we can understand how to get rid of it and what society would look like without it. And we learned that also from previous episodes of the class struggle throughout history. That understanding is our starting point. But we then need to connect that with the class struggle at any given time, patiently explaining those ideas, linking them to the slogans that are thrown up by the mass movement in a given historical context. And so the slogans we see today abolish the police, all cops and bastards, they arouse enormous sympathy in us. They are a raw expression of the anger that we all feel when we see the police kneeling on an innocent man's neck until he dies. But raw anger on its own, although necessary, is not enough to change society. For that, we need a worked out program and a strategy. Our program, of course, is anti-capitalist. It's for the abolition of private ownership of the economy for an end to class society. Our strategy is a socialist revolution led by the working class. For that, we need a revolutionary organization in Britain and all over the world. And that necessary organization does not yet exist, is up to us to build it.


Everybody forced here up in 21 22 optic basketball hobby 12 bucks full case number 10 Tier random teams results can be found at late sports cards calm and Yeah, let's get started links and chat as well. I buy hockey rich, but if I'm gonna buy hockey, I'm not gonna buy OPC I'm gonna buy Like, you know series one series to protect basically flagship. I guess is what I would call it Series one series to extended series. I want them young guns The young guns always a nice box. I need to rip some hockey. I'm gonna go buy some hockey I wouldn't mind like getting in the hockey but some of the players are who I'm looking for got to watch hockey Donnie I know it's just hard should buy some 17 18 get some taged Thompson rookies Huge break out here for the Sabres right now. It's got like 30 goals right now. It's crazy Almost out of nowhere with him Uh, so hockey parallels the basketball season essentially right a little bit longer because there's more space in between the games Typically, but it starts early October Stanley Cup is in June. Yeah, I knew it was in June Hollow dominators Jason Tatum for the C's That's true Taylor Mowgli base rated rookie cats lime green LeBron. There you go. Lakers 82 of 149 Which do autos and anything we might be on Mitchell base. He got hollow ready Ricky Tremont. Okay, C Oh, and it is a Dan isle for the nuggets to 99 optographs Dan is so cream of dual Jabbar 75 years Sure, Regina. I'm just gonna have you send an email to us so I can get it over to shipping So that you can just have the one insured package not have to Have separate ones But typically we usually ship breaks as they come out like separately There's a nice a Jackson rated rookie for Indiana number 15 of 99. So I just want to make sure that we get the email over to One of our shipping managers so that you can make sure it goes together Hollow Cameron Johnson's sons Christopher Sugs base rated rookie hollow Roshan Holmes Kings Well, that's another thing if you're up an optic and you say silver Someone's gonna get mad at you. I don't know who this is the same thing Elite dominators red to 99 Nick Julius Randall. So and Donner's optic. It's not silver. It's like hollow But an or is optic just also on the checklist it will say hollow and so like Well, I remember one time I was top-loaded for Brad and someone was like getting on about calling it Silver it's like it's panini. It's the same thing Yeah, to me they're in a change. Yeah, it's me. They're into why I agree I want to die here for the all-stars one two three left four five six right for the whole case here And you go three left side this one goes calves. So all those go left If there is like a big hit on those anything we would mag like a gold big big gold or something we'll random it instead Bones Highland rated rookie with damage on the bones send a box never to the nugget spot and hollow seth curry for the Sixers see I was like a tear there You're not you're not kidding Shane When I first started breaking I called a jersey card a patch card Someone got upset Is it was just like the mesh jersey not like a patch? They got upset or like if you there's some people if you call Like a non-RPA like an RP. It's like a Jersey rookie auto, but it's not an RPA. I'll get upset Jalen Green rated rookie hollow star gazing silent Williams and Pelicans Nuggets There's a hollow Ken and Martin jr. Rockets. Hey, let's go Jags. There we go back in it Christian Kirk a Rated rookie Turkish Tim Duncan Fantasy team he's up in value for me Orange Josh Christopher to 199 Rockets Which looks good and the color match was on Arizona, but he's Always kind of stinks this one breaks out. It's not what the team all the rookie cards are. Yeah, it's like well That's the thing too. It's just like What's the deal with let's say? Rookie doesn't have a good like, you know a couple years of his rookie rookie team green And then he goes somewhere else's balls out like is the mellow star gazing hollow is the card that he's balled out with Like would that ever be more valuable than the probably not Luke and Trey Yeah, no, I know I know and then if they and then when they do break out It's the night ever gonna be worth as much as if they were just been good right away, right? It's just how it is in it. I just read a lime green coal Anthony the 149 for Orlando. I Guess we won't be playing the industry guy. I just play the game Hey, man, you got to be good right off the gate You got to be Herbert or burrow rated rookie Shengyun Halloran rookie Keon Johnson Clippers David Thompson to 99 retro serious signatures for the sonics going to the Thunder Thunder on that one I had Kawhi Leonard Suggs got a red Robert Covington for the Blazers to 99 Hollow Westbrook Lakers Moses Moody So how many of you have met Kenzie for the first time you're fairly new and you met Kenzie for the first time this week Who are you? Hello, Steph Curry warriors. No, seriously, dude If if someone took a week off from breaking. Oh, yeah, I like one week and you come back. Who is this? Yeah, I believe Davis and onto the kumpo pelicans bucks to 99 that goes a left side pelicans on this one Nice one there exactly Shane. It's very weird Like Zion and jaw prices can only go so low and like the baseline is like because everyone is so Combedriven nowadays. It's kind of it's it's crazy and crazy Well, you got like all the influencers and cards and stuff feeling like hey Hello Derek favours Thunder and I mean it is a way to check value, but people are like married to it Hello lead dominators look at dodge Mavericks I get the national Shane was Shane was there Duarte rated rookie and a hollow diva chenzo bucks So the national like there was like Wi-Fi issues tremor for the third base rated rookie Kate Cunningham the rookies pistons Like the Wi-Fi would not work inside the building and then people try to use their You know people try to just use their their data and you couldn't because there were just so many people trying in one little area And so people are like, oh, I can't I don't have to pay can't find the comp That's rated rookie orange Greg a brown the third for Portland's 29 of what 99 I always tell people if you like the card You like the price, you know, maybe try and talk me down a bit just to negotiate a bit Get the card, you know get collected card. Well, I feel like nowadays. It's not really about A lot of people don't like I Know what I first got in the cards like in 2020 You know, I had that whole mindset. Oh, I love Durant Nets And then like, you know, last couple years. I'm like, I'll just find something I like Yeah, book night Yolk itch and Woosevich Yeah, people are afraid to lose like a little bit of money on something It's it's kind of wow. There's a K'd rated rookie base Isaiah livers rated rookie lime green 148 or 149 for the pistons It's a hobby you shouldn't be spending what you can't afford to lose anyway, right? Hollow rated rookie Chris Duarte Pacers. Yeah, it's a Lot of people like that Shane Scottie Barnes rated rookie. You've got blue rated rookie. Nimi as Keita Number 15 to 59 for the Kings. Hello, Robert Covington Blazers. Yeah, I mean, it's There's just certain people you you just can't haggle with like they won't take anything below comps no matter what and You know values are constantly changing it changes day by day, dude A lot of these guys play every other night in basketball or hockey or baseball Football changes week to week, dude It's kind of while pop counts go up. I don't know. It's it drives me crazy elite dominators. Hello James Hardin For the Nets Yeah, like getting offended is crazy. Just say no Carmelo Anthony. Hello Lakers You don't want to sell don't sell it like no one's making you sell something Franz Wagner rated rookie a Russell Westbrook photon short print Lakers Again, these are non-numbered in the short print though. They're about a case hit I'd say maybe one or two a case Minger rated rookie Yeah, there's a ding on that Franz I didn't see before Right there. We'll send a box to Orlando the Orlando spot send a box to Orlando. We're in Orlando Orange Isaiah liver or Isaiah Stewart for the Pistons to 199 That's how I feel donor light it up. Hello Kyrie Irving for the Nets. I Love collecting my teams as much as I can and you know if I want a card, I'll do my best to Buy it somewhere where there'd be a show or like eBay or something. I love it Like let's say there's like and then yeah, if there's something like a nine people just won't even look at it Okay Michael bridges to 79 pink Velocity Suns. I've asked in Santa's question the other day So like let's say Whatever your favorite player for all of Joe Engels jazz Patriots would be like if there was like an auto in like Don Russ out of like a hundred something like when you Ready to rookie auto pistons Luca Garza You go pistons or is it's like if it's only has some financial value Oh, dude, I There I have a redemption. So I have a Xander Bogart's gypsy Queen redemption at tops And it's probably it's probably like a $30 card Oh, and they've given me the option to like replace it. I'm like I want the cards. I'm just gonna wait I'm literally just gonna wait Like I want the card. I don't sell and I hardly sell anything Did you redeem it? Oh, yeah, I redeemed it a few months ago. I was gonna say like why are you waiting on redeeming? But like I don't know man, I just like collecting stuff No, I thought I'm totally in the same boat. I was just curious on it's like Collecting if it's you know, whatever or if it's only like a certain value. Hello, you sniffed our kids blazers vintage football. Yeah Yeah, a lot of people also don't realize that you can collect and you can flip things that you acquire and Want to move on from to get things you like that's part of the thing. I like joining breaks is like You can still sell the cards you hit. Yeah, so I people join random teams, right? Try and hit some to big sell to get something you want rated rookie hollow Jaden springer six or so At least that's kind of how I see most people that join breaks, too Some people just do it just for fun People got money to spend they just they like to watch breaks Cards maybe sell here and there pink velocity Jaden springer rated Ricky's six or sixty two of seventy nine I'm glad we have a cool community of people that pretty much just want to like collect right and Some people that sell well those people are cool, too. Hello, Jeremy Grant pistons We need people to open product and sell cards, right? If we want to collect, you know, we need people over products and even for the random team break and I don't I don't I'm not a big reds fan. I want to sell all my reds cards But what's highlander rated rookie exactly?  You say too much Maybe it's not enough Evan bubbly rated rookie 75 years pistol Pete Yeah, I'm way I'm waiting mine out to Taylor. I want that Xander Bogart's auto Jared Allen to one ninety nine calves It'll probably the last Xander Bogart's auto that I get Honestly Want it pulled it dude. It's not like I bought the redam I pulled that card I want it raining three is hollow dirt in a vitsky that also I feel like pulling something is It's a lot more satisfying or like hitting it in a break. You know what I mean, like rather than like Bronze Wagner again here that one has a ding on it as well Lime green Kyle Lowry for Miami numbered sixty six of 149 I think that's why I'm so biased on like wanting to buy an open product Just that feeling you get when you pull something here hollow sub onus Pacers do I love ripping stuff? It's funny because like I open cards. It's my job But I got Matt Barnes auto to ninety nine for the Warriors Everybody was on the magic any like the ball fake and Kobe's face. That's what's up.  I mean like you get the full big stuff in the breaks But like anything it wants them it makes me want to like Something for myself. I feel I mean I feel like as a breaker. It's not as satisfying because you can't keep it Right, maybe I'm Mitchell rated rookie Yeah, don't sub those Taylor. You got to wait that out line green Chuma o Kiki magic to 149 Jags cannot stop the running QB Jags in trouble y'all rated rookie hollow Isaiah Todd wizards to big dumper is a Seattle legends Chasing too much F1 stuff right now. I was buying a lot of singles when Prison World Cup was getting ripped all over the place rating threes hollow James Harden Nets Bogdanovich Hawks with our Wagner here base rated rookie comminger rated rookie pink velocity McCall bridges to 79 sons Dylan Suggs Five stars been tough Moses Moody Hollow Gordon Hayward Hornets and it's nice to see like like donor It's nice to see at chrome F1 be like an affordable rip now now that we're like in the third year And there's not this crazy hype Anymore like there's still hype around it for sure But it's nice to see it be like more affordable like more people are ripping it now Perpersonals them with them when we when it first came out and it would the price jumped, you know crazy first couple days Dame Lillard hollow elite dominators blazers and I mean first year F1 tops products still do crazy amounts like That value is is like set in stone just about 75 years of the NBA Jason Tatum Hello, LeVar Orange Middleton for Milwaukee to one ninety nine eleven of one ninety nine Got a weight on a tailor got a weight on it Evan Mobley rated rookie hollow Duncan Robinson heats with a ding on it Gonna send a box never to the heat now Herbert Jones rated rookie auto hollow for the pelicans Not the cleanest auto little light on the H, but nice hit their pelicans Herbert Jones is solid Yeah, I got up to that point donor hollow Kemble Walker next and it dropped Because we were selling breaks of it Like the entire time when it went up when it went down You know we try to follow the market best we can and then we sold a bunch on black Friday We had we sold a ton of F1 sapphire So like they're like the rest of our F1 sapphire Hollow rated rookie Aldama for the Grizzlies. He's had a pretty good sophomore season, right guys He's been up and down, but he's up now D weighed 75 years Scotty Barnes rated rookie. I know who that is just my See in the car DeMar DeRose into 199 orange for the Bulls Hollow Kemble Walker nicks hollow star gazing Trey young Atlanta Josh skiddy rated rookie Thunder line green Rudy Gobert jazz number to 149 Herbert Jones rated rookie hollow CJ McCollum Blazers Hey, William. Happy Friday or happy Saturday actually It is Saturday Quentin Grimes nicks rated rookie base auto Think velocity Chris out for zingas to 79 Mavericks Reft helped out the Jags the one to figure get a practice in hollow Duncan Robinson heat Yeah, after grabs he Jim McConnell Pacers 9 of 99 Okay, two autos in the box Not the biggest hit but it's an auto and his extra It's all good William, you know what you meant hollow lead dominators Kevin Durant sentiments there hollow rated rookie Hawks Jalen Johnson Seven Jags get ball start to happen. You gotta they gotta get better here Do better Jags very nice true blue rated rookie Scotty Barnes Toronto number 24 of 59 six Scotty Jonathan Q Awesome card, man Awesome Scotty Get that magged it seems so worried about Scotty.  He hasn't improved a whole lot since the rookie season, but I mean He's young man developing You'll get there.  He's unique. He's like 6 10 6 11 and you know should Pretty good defender and shooter hollow magic Cole Anthony big forward basically Gade Cunningham Elite dominators red Zion Williamson pelicans numbered to 99 go pelicans 18 of 99. Oh, that's cool the bar I'm excited to talk to Mark Wahlberg. Got Franz Wagner. Why did the Apollo Steph Curry Warriors? comminga rated rookie hollow Halliburton Kings John Stockton Look now you got line green basely for the Thunder to 149 Hollow rated rookie Moses Moody Warriors Lag velocity nets rated rookie day run sharp Sick color match for the Nets there to 21 of 39. Oh nice Mark Wahlberg is here Hollow Zion Williamson pelicans Mark one of the ones the funky bunch getting back together No chance No way Hollow Matisse libel sixers You don't be really cool as if Dwayne the Rock Johnson also showed up to chat Cavaliers rated rookie Otto Evan Mobley Go Cavs sick card Pension C For the four to five weeks. It's such an odd time frame, but all right cool cool You go on tour come to Orlando. I'll go see you guys the rookies Jalen Suggs Give it the grand tour of late in sports cards as well orange opera and send you in a rocket-strated rookie the Turkish Tim Duncan 149 of 199 Do it where's my Derek Carr? Joel and me to hollow for the sixers I saw that student dude. Where's my Derek Carr? Love it That's that's that's why I'm after Shane, you know, where's Dwayne Johnson at the LFR people are wondering where their Lamello Redemptions are Hello, all stars goes left on the Lakers here LeBron 75 years John Stockton Orange Taylor Norton Tucker Lakers number 189 of 199 Hello RJ Barrett Nix There's a Franz rated rookie with a sixers rated rookie Otto Hollow of Jaden Springer Chad is a mess right now Hollow Bryn Forbes Spurs Sean who you mean Shane? Oh, I thought was Sean too for Is Donnie Sean You have to start calling everybody trash Hollow rated rookie. I don't assume the bulls. He'd be a lot worse at golf Rating threes hollow Donovan Mitchell jazz So Steven Kade Cunningham rated rookie got a hollow Kelly Olenek pistons Sean Wahlberg That'd be cool if Mark could get the rest of his brothers and Chad as well. Where's Donnie at? No, not not that Donnie Silver rated rookie red Robert Covington Blazers 96 of 99 Last thing the Wahlberg would spell it differently you ALL basically lime green coming up after Kaminga is a Hawks John Collins 134 of 149. Yeah, sounds great mark. Appreciate it man. Hello, Joe Harris Nets I have Donnie meet Donnie LeBron 75 years of the NBA All right, four more boxes here Hollow got Durant and Rose goes left for the Thunder Null of our I heard your two chicken the plan one-on-one hollow rated rookie day run sharp with a ding got a box going to the Nets now empty box and wrapper. I'm doing well mark Another day another dollar hanging out my friends in chat My new friend mark as well another photon this time is clay Thompson For the Warriors Pink velocity will Barton Nuggets Number 77 of 79 orange John Morant Grizzly is number 147 of 199 Hollow Jamal Murray Nuggets. Yeah, Sam Sam did say that actually You just know it you know what I mean you see like oh wow Hacks open clean No glare cards hook through nice hollow stargazing Anthony Davis Lakers Speaking clear good pace not too slow not too fast. You know Donnie, you know I don't know. Red Gordon Hayward Hornets 50 of 99 got to be a panel of our peers, right? Other breakers Simon Cowell. Yeah, I'm down hollow Devante Graham Pelicans a break off Johnna the Kaminga rated rookie auto for the Warriors You go dubs base auto there all the rated rookie for the Clippers Jason Preston God's white Howard Carmelo Anthony goes left here all stars blue 33 of 49 magic on the left side Giddy rated rookie base Hollow Fred Van Vliet Raptors. Yeah, I bet LaVar gets confused looking at the basketball court Probably thinking about the time that that I beat him one-on-one Shot him out hollow Chris Paul Sons just confuses to how it happened so fast Red Luca and Trey goes left for the Mavericks numbered 54 of 99 like Luca and Trey 75 years Moses Moody, David Johnson Zaire Williams hollow Terrence Ross magic hollow lead Dominator Steph Curry Warriors The rookies Evan Mobley is that why there's a mag shortage illegal. Now. That was Aaron Carter rated rookie Jalen Green Russian piece Aaron Carter by the way Pink Velocity Devon Booker 55 out of 79 What a sons? Rated rookie Nick's Quentin Grimes Nets Cameron Thomas rated rookie base auto We go nets Shenyuna rated rookie Pink Velocity Eric Bledsoe Clippers number 57 to 79 Aaron Carter did pass away, right? Am I am I wrong? Yeah, I passed away in November was born in Tampa. Let's go, Florida Let's go, Florida. Hello Lugans door thunder Jalen Suggs rated rookie I wanted to make sure People who come after me for saying that an alive person passed away Don't want none of that Hollow lighted up look at Donchich Mavericks Child star hollow Norm Powell Blazers talented family. Come on Jags. Let's go Other photon coming out. That's a third of the case. That's pretty rare. Yeah, Jalen Brown Celtics photon nice card sees Evan Mobley rated rookie and Wow black Velocity Evan Mobley That is sick. It's 12 of 39 There's Eric Green said when he was breaking bang Gorgeous 12 out of 39. We'll get that magged Hollow Brynn Forbes spurs blue refractor Clay Thompson blue refractor blue prism Clay Thompson 14 to 59 The rookies Kade Cunningham as they had Jackson Pink Velocity Hawks Clint Capella 7 of 79 Hello Also fellow James Loney fan at the sports card. Hello, John Moran Grizzlies Sammy just missed LeVar and Mark Wohlberg Mark said the funky bunch is getting back together in four to five weeks Just FYI so that'd be a good vibrations right there Yoke it's left hollow All stars there nuggets Josh Giddy got orange Greg round the third rated rookie for the Blazers to 199 Talk about Yoke it's MVP. I Think right now he'd be MVP at this season ended. I think it's close though. It's close Hollow Lou Dort for the Thunder a lot of players having crazy years I feel like MVP competition gets tougher and tougher every season. Here we go Pacers rated rookie auto hollow Chris Duarte. Oh hurts. I Think her should be MVP. I mean, well Yeah, I think my home is probably like a shoe in at this point. Hello Terrence Ross magic. They finished 14 and 3 One seat led the league in passing yards Touchdowns as well.  It's just my homes, man. What are you gonna do? Oh Kirk Kirk dropped it. Scotty Barnes rated rookie. You've got a red Kimball Walker Knicks 41 of 99 Yeah, so my home says he's leading yards with 5048 lean touchdowns with 40 hollow rated rookie with some scratches on it for the Hornets JT Thorough. We'll get a box and average to the Hornets It should be my homes or her. It's my home's hurts and Alan what top three burrow as well MVP Matthew Jude on if you ask me light it up hollow Steph Curry Warriors. I think he was the only Pats Pro bowler Got hollow stargazing Yana sent to the Koopo for the Bucks. Yeah, sure give it a hurts.  I guess we're talking MVP and not best player Got line green demonic the bonus Pacers 79 of 149 I don't think anyone takes hurts over my homes as if like you're picking a quarterback to play for your team, but I Guess hurts did have a better year. Hello Patrick Williams bowls Me today. I don't care 93 99 Hawks rookie optograms Jalen Johnson. I love hurts I was talking about him rookie season even second season when people were talking down on hurts Okay, man, that's a good quarterback right there hollow Bradley Beale wizards I'm so tired. I'm like doesn't matter. He makes the plays. It does not matter, right? It's not like it's he both throwing motion or anything Well, we're not we're also not in the air anymore. We're all you have to do is throw Like as long as you're making a flight. Who cares how you make it? Dude someone I was talking to got orange Jason Preston rated rookie 41 of 199 Clippers So I some of y'all are here. I don't know who it was but in chat some night We were talking about like I said Lamar Jackson was better than like like some mid quarterback And like oh, he only has so many passing touchdowns like I don't care how many passing touchdowns Lamar Jackson has right I don't care hollow miles British where it's as long as they're there. Are you winning games of them? Look at look at total yards total touchdowns, you know, what does he account for it as a player? Hollow elite dominators Trey young the football at the quarterback position now. There's not just one way to play it It's not like 2002 Where you line up with a quarterback under center or in the shotgun and they don't move out of the pocket, right? Hollow Yolkich Nuggets Tebow did one of the playoffs Chris Duarte rated rookie Pacers and then he was a great double a not even great. He was a double a baseball player For years And then he was a preseason cut by the Jags by the Jaguars At age 31 remember for the third rated rookie for the Pelicans Orange Wendell Carter, Jr. Magic 65 of 199 Nick I was just talking about that. I was just talking about that. We just had this conversation the beginning of this case Because I was saying I was like all you know who's gonna get people are gonna get mad if you call The hollow a silver in optic. They will get upset red. They will mall it on thunder one of 99 You go thunder. Oh, Sam. I'd lose pretty bad in that Hollow rated rookie Kade Cunningham Pistons. That's hilarious to bring that up Nick.  I would lose Alexander Yeah, dude, and then no one Brad was just like calling it silver over and over and over dude. He said silver like three times per silver Oh god Persons the persons ended up leaving. I'm not I'm not great at it I'll play with like my friends and stuff and like maybe pick up a dub every now and then what if it's like four people But 1v1. No, I'm not good. Just turn on infinite hammers and then just I'll even get the hammer first. Oh, yeah, I've been a hammer out. God the hammer's so annoying. Hello All right, we got autos here Jalen Johnson, Chris Duarte hollow Cameron Thomas jonathan kaminga Hollow jaden springer tg mcconnell pacers to 99 quentin grimes herbert jones hollow Retro series matt barnes warriors to 99 luka garza retro series david thompson sonics go to the thunder to 99 And then it's all nuggets to 99 It really sick black velocity rated rookie evan mobley cavaliers big card there 12 out of 39 A base rated rookie auto cavaliers evan mobley and rated rookie blue scotty barnes raptors number 24 59 Big cards there. Thanks again, everybody football coming up


There are questions about that. So, what about the yaw component? So, for a yaw we use the magnetometer to correct yaw error. So, this is similar to the way we did tilt correction you have to um take a measurement estimate the amount of error in yaw and then apply corrections gradually again you can use a complementary filter um. So, similar process so similar to tilt correction um calculate estimated error estimated drift error and then gradually apply correction using a complementary filter. Well what problems do we have here? So, it may be very natural for us to think of a magnetometer as being a compass, but we have to really go back and think about what it is measuring just like the accelerometer is not an up sensor a magnetometer is not exactly a compass what it is measuring is a 3 dimensional magnetic field. So, the problem was such an approach is that the um the sensor that is a magnetometer measures the vector sum just like this vector sum, but is a vector sum of the earth's field that is the part that we are normally interested in right um the simplest assumption is that um perhaps if I have perhaps the magnetic field as I as I um grab a magnetometer for the earth is always arranged in such a way that the vector field lines just point north right that is something that I naively believed a long time ago. It turns out that in most places of the world there is a strong vertical component and so mostly for example, in um in the US um when I was in California doing oculus development it was about 60 degrees downward is where the vector mainly points. When I was doing development for oculus from Finland it was close to um like 75 degrees or so 70 degrees or so is very close to vertical. If the earth's magnetic vector field is pointing straight down then it is going to be aligned with gravity and it is not going to provide any additional useful information right um. So, so that is something interesting it varies dramatically based on where you are at on the earth and also the field lines do not exactly point north they could be off by a few degrees it could be off by 10 to 20 degrees there are few strange places in the earth where they are off by a lot they will not even point anywhere near north they will point maybe 90 degrees away um. So, so the um so the earth's field is first of all three dimensional and quite strange and you just want the horizontal component of it you do not want the vertical component. So, if most of the field is in the vertical component you are just essentially wasting that information you already know the vertical component reasonably well due to the accelerometer. You are trying to find this horizontal component that is parallel to the surface of the earth. So, you can correct which way you are facing. The next problem is that in addition to the earth's field there is a field inside of the building if you are indoors which most people are right. So, there is a building field which is generated by whatever ferrous materials there are indoors it is very interesting to grab a an expensive magnetometer and go around and just try to see what the fields are inside of a building as they they vary dramatically their entire um startup companies that just provide services for mapping out buildings just using the magnetic field inside of the building. So, it varies so much that you could build reasonable maps not down to millimeter level accuracy, but it varies quite a bit over on the scale of um meters let us say as you go through the building. Also on the circuit board itself there is there is a field. So, there may be ferrous materials on the circuit board. So, every time you install the magnetometer on the board it will behave differently than it would on some other board. Now, it may be consistent for the board that you have designed. So, that is good. So, you could do a calibration procedure to try to compensate for that. It may just add some constant offset um based on the materials around the board um. So, those are three main fields and what is very interesting is that you could get so unfortunate that when you are inside of the building in some location the buildings field might cancel off the earth's field. So, the two vectors may be in nearly opposite directions and you get a horizontal component that is very close to 0 in which case it is useless. So, these are some frustrations with dealing with magnetometers um. So, there are calibration challenges you may actually have to ask the user to perform calibrations you may have done this before with your smart phones or calibration programs for your magnetometer um field might vary over time and position. You would like to have it so that if you move your head a half meter to the side you do not get a completely different orientation of the field because that would cause great confusion. So, you need the field to be mostly constant it could be bending in some ways especially if you are unfortunate and there is also something called soft iron bias which I will not cover here, but which induces a kind of elliptical distortion on the magnetic field readings um based on Ferris materials in the vicinity of the sensor. So, all these end up being complicated challenges we found um we were able to get accuracy down to around 5 degrees or so which is not great, but most of the time things are working fine and down around 5 degrees or so is not too painful at least it keeps your cockpit from drifting away indefinitely. So, it more or less gives you a consistent sense of forward it is not as critical to get this right down as accurately as it was for tilt human beings can detect tilt errors down to about half of a degree. So, if the world is tilted we end up being not very comfortable if the world starts drifting a little bit to where we are facing a different direction um a couple of degrees of error and that is is not much of an issue it does not cause a sickness of any kind and usually we are kind of quickly fooled by small errors and and can compensate for that. Um if you want to read more on these things I have talked about here um there is a paper by Mahoney 2008 and it is all about complimentary filters on the space of transformations that arrives for rigid bodies. So, like SO 3 which is the space of 3D rotation. So, I think this is an excellent paper to look at that talks about how to combine measurements from multiple sources and perform drift corrections select the coefficients in such a way that everything globally converges that has mathematical analysis as well. So, I think it is both practical and mathematically sounds it is a very nice source um I have also co-authored a paper um at the um international conference on robotics and automation 2014 that covers Oculus Rift head tracking up to um up to this and the rest after that was um not public. So, um alright questions or comments on that? Yes. Oh the camera yeah that is great that is a part 2. So, so that is a very good question that is just leading into the next part of the lecture. So, um I am only talking about orientation tracking right.


to hear the approach that he, as he started the meditation with, he just thought, I'll just sit in the chair and listen, and I'll just do it whenever I feel guided to do it.  And this is a real approach and trust, and really just trusting how I feel. And I think Joel Goldsmith was, he was saying that Joel Goldsmith ended up doing it was like 20, 30 times, 30 times a day. Yeah, 30 times a day just based on taking, doing the moments of quiet and listening when he wanted to, you know, I mean, without scheduling it in. Yeah. He didn't, he didn't plan to do it, any certain number, whatever, but that's what it came out. And some of them were rather short, but still that was the thing too. He made a pact kind of with himself to say, I'm just going to do it. And as long as I feel it's helpful and I'm happy, and I'm not going to try to go beyond that, what a gentle approach. Now, you can see what he's saying in here is routines as such are dangerous because they easily become gods in their own right, threatening the very goals for which they were set up, that this whole section, how should the teacher of God spend his day, is kind of saying that initially, when you're first starting out, it can be helpful to maybe do it at the beginning of the day at the end, and perhaps in between, but it's giving some structure because the mind is too untrained, you know, to just let it, let it go. But you can see that the whole point of the course is to move away from structure, structured time periods. Sometimes last week I got up in the morning, walked and had my headphones and was listening to a tape, and then I did that the next morning. And at some point I think I decided that that would be good to do every morning, get up and walk and listen to a tape, as if I knew, you know, instead of getting up each morning and saying, what now? And then when that seemed to wind down, what now? What now? What now? I mean, who's to say that I'm ever supposed to take a walk again and listen to a tape? I don't know that. Really? And that's what you work towards. Initially, it may feel comfortable to do something. I mean, that was another thing that was in the book that you were reading where he experimented with. He actually planned out his whole day quite tight with all these activities, very rigid. And then he started to think, well, why should I call this a day because the sun rises and sun sets? I'm not getting everything done that I want to. So he ended up two or three solar days he called a day. He started changing, redefining day, you know, but again, you know, it's that loosening, loosening to the point that you're talking about as a point where it's more advanced. This is more precious than anything, any amount of money can buy. And the only time or the only way I lose sight of how precious the opportunity is, it seems like is by sinking into familiarity and taking for granted what, you know, the opportunity. I have an image in my mind. One time I went to hear a blind man, a very wise blind man, Richard Shining Thunder down in Cincinnati speak. And I remember going into this little bookstore and just sitting there and listening to him. He spoke very gentle and he got into a lot of deep ideas and everything. And he would, you know, keep going around and asking people, you know, if they experienced it too and everything. And anyway, they said, let's take a break. And immediately, I was just a big hubbub. Everybody got up and they were going over and he had made some tapes and they were, oh, where's his tapes? Here's his tapes. And I remember just sitting there, kind of just waiting and watching. And then I'd say after about five minutes, Richard hadn't gone very far and it didn't get involved in the hubbub. You know, they were hubbub all of his tapes and this and this and that. And he just went back sat down in this chair and there's all this going on. I could hear this voice, please, please come back, come sit down. Our time is so precious together. We don't want to waste a minute of it, you know. And there was that little voice, I could hear it with this, nobody was being attentive. You know, there he was sitting there, you know, wanting to go in. And it's just, to me, it's that's part of it. We really get into this. There's a reverence for God that starts to come with it. A real reverent feeling, not a reverent for one another.  It's not, reverence in all is not inappropriate. But to me, there's a real preciousness about the time we come together. And of course that flies in the face of, oh, another day, life's well, I'll do what I always do, and I'll, you know, this and this. That's that kind of a consciousness that, that is very familiar and customary. And to really stay attentive and to feel the excitement and the enthusiasm of questioning these beliefs, as if, I mean, as if the mind's been sleeping for millennium. And now finally, after millennium of seeking for idols, now, this is like the time of awakening. To me, that's like a time of rejoicing.  You know, to me, that's that, that's that passion that I feel right now that is like at the end of the Prodigal Son story. And I just, I think I've learned that I have to really nurture that. I can't just expect, you know, okay, passion, where's my passions, which I want to turn it on today, because it just, if I think I can turn it on and off, then what I find is when I turn it off and leave it off for a while and I turn it on, hey, hey, where's that charge? It just seems like a rut again, you know. So to me, it's, it's important. I mean, it's worth all the effort and the, and the attention to keep the mind attentive and to keep the energy like you've been saying when you've been, I mean, you're drawn to read this book now. It's not like you read a few pages and or a few sentences and you say, golly, I'm waiting through this. What is this? But now it's like it's starting to get very meaningful and exciting and with good reason when it starts to feel exciting. I mean, this is a homecoming. The routine says, I think it was kind of like ego, autopilot, you know, instead of saying, here Holy Spirit, help me steer. It's kind of like clicking on the autopilot button and kind of just cruising for a while. And then until something blows up, oh, whoa, hit the auto, hit the switch, try to grab control of the steering wheel again and pull, pull the plane out of a tailspin. Or the thing that Raj uses, man, we were listening to, he uses the metaphor of the homing beacon. And I like that because it's kind of like you're in a plane and you're trying to come in for a landing, you know, you're trying to really land for your homecoming and it's foggy. And you know, you have the runway lights, there's like a, there's like a lighthouse that you can take of a beacon, of a flashing beacon. And you kind of can, if it's foggy, you can kind of get off course and everything. But then through the, through the fog, you see this thing flashing and you say, oh, got to get, went off a little bit to the right or left. And to me, the Holy Spirit is like that flashing light behind the fog that at times it just seems like we lose it. But then we see it again and we go, oh, there it is over there.  And that's been a helpful metaphor of just staying on the homing beacon. Stay attentive.


Hi, I'm Miranda Meehan, NDSU Extension, Livestock Environmental Storage of Specialist. Hi, I'm Kevin Sadebeck, I'm the Extension Rangeland Management Specialist with NDSU, and today we'll be talking about grazing resources and readiness related to the last couple blizzards we've had. The first question we're going to ask you is, what is the impact of the storm on our grazing resources? Yeah, so our grasses start their growth and development based off of our average air temperature. In North Dakota we're cool season dominant and so once our average air temperature meets or exceeds 32 degrees Fahrenheit for five consecutive days we start accumulating those growing those growing degree days that go toward that development of that grass. So what's happened with the storm is we did start accumulating growing degree days in late March, but things have stalled out. We're seeing that when we look at the average daily mean air temperatures, but also our county agents are seeing that on the ground looking as they're monitoring grazing readiness. Things have stalled the last three weeks due to the storm events. Kevin, and when we talk about grazing readiness, we know that grazing readiness for our introduced species is that three leaf stage and for our native species that three and a half leaf stage and there's some impacts if we graze our plant species before that. Can you talk about those impacts in terms of potential losses of porch production? So when we talk about grazing readiness we're really trying to look at that time when the grass needs to store carbohydrates and get ready for when grazing pressure can actually occur and so as we go through that those growing degree days and moisture, heat plays a role in that. What we're going to find this year is through the blizzard and the co-weathers we're going to see a delay in heat and so we're going to see this delay in growth and so if we go out too early before we reach that three to three and a half leaf stage, we give up about anywhere from one third to two thirds biomass depending on when you're going out. We're seeing producers already out to pasture now in late April and that will have the most greatest negative impact is going out in that April, early May. So the rule of thumb is the longer you can wait in May the greater your return will be in terms of porch production later in the season. We know because of the muddy conditions and a lot of the lots associated with the storm events people are wanting to get those animals out of there due to health concerns. So if they need to do this what how can they mitigate those impacts of porch production on their grazing resources? So the debate comes to should I spread my animals out everywhere or should I focus my negative impact on one pasture? And my rule of thumb is minimize the impact to the area as a whole. So put them in one area know that you're going to have this negative impact on that resource but you'll minimize the impact to smaller areas and you'll give that area the greatest amount of recovery because it's so it'll come back remember our grasses are very resilient so if you're going to if you have to go out to pasture pick an area minimize the impact across the landscape and then give that rest the rest of the year. Are there any types of grazing resources we should consider using before other grazing resources to minimize potential impacts to porch production? So let's focus on where we're going to start use your exotic grasses. So if you have a crested wheat grass field or a smooth brome grass field or even a pasture that's heavily invested in and fested with the Kentucky bluegrass focus those areas are where you want to start your grazing this spring. In fact crested wheat grass will probably be ready to be grazed in about two weeks normally be about a week but with the cold weather it'll be about two weeks so start there delay turn out on native range as long as you can to get that positive return in terms of porch production on that resource. If you have concerns or need help looking at grazing readiness and assessing that in your area reach out to your local NDSU extension agent.


Welcome to All Hands Update, I'm Petty Officer Ian Cotter. The Navy's Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office, or SAPRO, has updated their training to include an interactive performance troop. The Interact Troop simulates realistic domestic violence and sexual assault scenes that trains audience members to intervene. And it's an interactive program that runs sailors through various scenarios. It brings sailors out of the audience, it asks sailors, what would you do and when would you have done it in this scene? And then the actors interact with them. Interact is a nationally renowned social justice performance troop which began at California State University Long Beach. Since 2000, Interact has provided sexual assault intervention programs for universities, juvenile detention facilities, housing projects and drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers.


Okay, in this video we're going to talk about deleting services and deployments and actually there's a couple different ways that we can accomplish this Let's take a look here. I'm going to bring up I'm just going to do get all and we can see that we do have a number of Services and deployments running. I'm going to scroll up here. So we can see that we got what about six seven pods running and sub as well as services and Because we've been doing everything with YAML files what we can do We can actually go in and tell Kubernetes to delete each one individually or we can do things like delete service or delete pod Delete deployment. The other thing we can do is we can come in. So let's we'll pick on the gateway Just for example, so we can do to control delete minus off Gateway service And we can also do gateway deployment And if we come back here and do get all we'll see that the gateway Components have now been removed. So you can see here we've got quick enough so we can see the gateway pod is Terminating so that takes a few seconds for that to terminate. This allows us to see how we can add remove Services and deployments fairly quickly using the YAML file. So we can do those specifically by name or The YAML file that we created and if you have more complex objects more things in the YAML file This becomes very convenient to do. So Again that I'm just show you that command again So it's a cube control delete minus F and then give it the file name But we do want our gateway there. So let me clear this apply Gateway deployment and We also want to do the gateway service And that will restore that. So if you're doing significant changes or if you just don't want these running Cube control delete minus F and file name is a real handy way to Remove components from your Kubernetes environment