Hello and welcome to NewsClick. Today we have with us Mr. Paranjay Guha Takurtha to talk about the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting's latest order. Thank you for joining us. Thank you, Vivan, for having me on this program. Paranjay, could you please tell us a bit about the contents of this order and what your perception is on its outcome? On the 4th of April, the new media cell of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting issued an order constituting a committee made almost entirely largely of civil servants and bureaucrats for framing regulations for online media and news portals and online content. Now what was the justification they used? And let me first elaborate on what this order is all about and then we can discuss why this order in my opinion is insidious and a way in which the government is trying to covertly control the working of online media. Now this order says that when you look at private satellite television channels and there are close to 900 of such channels who've got permission from the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting to uplink, downlink, their content which is transmitted or transmitted through cable television, they are regulated, the programming as well as the advertisement codes are regulated under a law called the Cable Television Networks Regulation Act of 1995 and they have earlier, the earlier year that is 1994, there was a Cable Television Network Rules. Now all these television channels are supposed to adhere to the rules and the provisions of the Act laid down. Similarly for the print medium, there is a quasi-judicial body called the Press Council of India. I used to be a member of the Press Council of India. Now this has a set of norms to regulate the print medium unlike the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting which is a licensing authority and therefore because it issues the license it can withdraw the license or suspend the license. The Press Council of India though it's a quasi-judicial body set up by an Act of Parliament it has no punitive powers. So to even describe it as a toothless tiger would be very charitable. So here is two bodies and they are supposed to put together norms with ostensibly aim at regulating both television and the print medium. Now what this government order says that there are no norms or guidelines to regulate online media websites, news portals and including including NewsClick which is like digital broadcasters which are not only putting out news but also entertainment program so-called infotainment programs and they're not just putting out news or content of their own they're also aggregating media from other sources. So the government decides to constitute a committee and I read here to frame and suggest a regulatory framework for online media stroke news portals including digital broadcasting and entertainment stroke infotainment sites and news stroke media aggregators. Now this committee and there are at least nine members the convener of this committee is the secretary of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. The other members include the secretary of the MEITY earlier the DEITY which is the Department of Electronics and Information Technology. It was part of the Ministry of Communications and now it's a separate ministry. Interestingly it also includes the secretary of the Ministry of Home Affairs, the secretary of the Department of Legal Affairs, the secretary of the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion. It also includes the Chief Executive Officer of the Government Portal which is my gov and then come some of the representatives who are not career bureaucrats who are the one representative of the Press Council of India, one representative of this private body of broadcasters, news broadcasters that's the NBA that's the News Broadcasters Association and another representative of the IBF that's Indian Broadcasters Federation or maybe it's the Indian Broadcasting Federation and the secretary INB Ministry can invite anybody else from any other organization to be a member of that committee. Now when you look at the terms of reference of this committee and here there are three terms. Let me just quickly read them out. One is to delineate the sphere of online information dissemination which needs to be brought under regulation on the lines for print and electronic media. Two, to recommend an appropriate policy formulation for online media, stroke, news, portals and online content platforms etc etc keeping in mind the extent that the existing FDI norms that the foreign direct investment norms and the program and advertising code for television channels, the norms circulated by the Press Council of India, the Code of Ethics, framed by the News Broadcasters Association etc etc etc and then three, it is also supposed to analyze the international scenario on such existing regulatory mechanisms with a view to incorporate the best practices. Signed Amit Katoch, director, new media cell ministry of information and broadcasting. Now why do I say that at face value it appears very innocuous but I think this could be one of the ways the government wants to control what people hear, what people read, what people listen to online. I think it's a not so subtle a covert means of perhaps even controlling online media especially those websites which are particularly critical of the government. I mean that maybe is my interpretation of the government's intentions. I'm sure the government will probably deny ever having such intentions but that's the way I interpret it. But of course on one hand you have private news channels or private news or I mean online news portals who create content or aggregate content but then you also have a whole generation of content aggregators or content generators on social media, YouTube, there are plenty of YouTubers who air their own views and upload their videos. So in your opinion would this also probably end up coming under these? You know it's difficult to predict what would happen but we already have in place certain acts and certain rules. We have the Information Technology Act and under that we have the rules, the Information Technology Rules. A few years ago the Supreme Court actually struck down as being against the Constitution, against the Article 191A of the Constitution of India which is about freedom of expression, Article 192 which lays down what are called reasonable restrictions on the right to free expression. Now that was 66A. Now the Supreme Court said this is not constitutional and repealed this particular provision of the law but what is happening is that what you see is that there are other laws as well and there are other regulatory bodies as well, including the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, the DEI-TY. Now they can block the URLs, the universal resource locators of any website. That way they have the power and then they in fact have invoked that power on occasions. Now that is also a controlling body and you have within that department CERT, the Computer Emergency Response Team which is typically headed by the national information, the person who oversees issues relating to information technology and security. Now what I'm saying is you already have laws in place. That's not all. You have a technical and a commercial regulator and that is the TRAI, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India. Now these two bodies exist and why is the TRAI important? Because in today's day and age, in this day and age of the internet, the difference between what we earlier said telecommunication, what we call telecommunications and what we call broadcasting doesn't exist anymore. It's completely disappeared. I mean in the palm of your hand you have everything. So what was earlier telecommunications and what was earlier broadcasting, there's no difference. So you already have these two organizations. The question is why do you need another policy? Are these policies inadequate? What needs to be done? You know I think there are a lot of issues on online content, notably fake news and I think internationally too it's become a huge issue particularly because Facebook has been found to have given out personal data to Cambridge Analytica, which data which was supposed to be personal but which clearly has been misused for all kinds of reasons including political purposes to wield an influence on the politics of individual countries. So this is happening at a time when there's been a lot of turmoil, turbulence, about the manner in which bodies like Facebook or organizations like Facebook operate. Well going a little bit on the fake news side of this. I mean this response of the information and broadcasting ministry has come soon after the news of postcard news founders arrest and prior to that they had also issued an order. Actually it was a statement which was withdrawn. You know the issue of fake news is a very important issue no doubt. Today Facebook the number of users of Facebook is more than the population of the People's Republic of China. The day is not far when if you combine the population of India and China the number of Facebooks might increase but might be higher than that you know which is I mean India and China have about 40 percent of the world's population. So we can't ignore Facebook. When you look at say the over-the-top service like WhatsApp at any given 24-hour cycle about a billion and a half messages, messages with photographs, with videos are being exchanged on WhatsApp. So again you can't ignore WhatsApp and a lot of fake information is being disseminated on these social media. And let me be very clear fake news is not necessarily misinformation. You know you can be misinformed I can be misinformed about something. This is what we call disinformation or propaganda. Information that you know is untrue which is false but nevertheless being distributed and disseminated very widely and why. Okay there could be commercial reasons but more importantly and this is the worrying part of it. It could create social tension and it has. We've seen in India's videos that were recorded and some other time in some other part of the world which have been circulated and that's created tension between two communities. We've seen recently cases of little clips being taken from fiction films and being distributed on WhatsApp and people think that's a real thing that's happening. The infamous Draupadi's Vastraharanthi and you know Draupadi being disrobed and people think it's something real that's happened and there's a lot of fake information that's put out. So the problem with fake news is real and present and surely if a district magistrate has a right to block the internet because the particular person fears that there could be social unrest, public order would be disrupted then the question would be how can do we control it. Now this has happened in different parts of India in Jammu and Kashmir and in other parts of the country. It's happened very recently in areas where there's been tension between two communities. The question is how do you then handle it. I don't think what the information and broadcasting minister Mrs. Smriti Zubin Irani had in mind was really the way forward. As has been commented by many people you're suggesting a cure that was worse than the disease. Thank you for enjoying. Thank you everyone for speaking with me. And thank you for watching NewsClick. That's all for today.


Hello everybody. Andrea here with dental L. Let's talk about a dental hygienist starting their own practice and if they truly make more than working in a dental office. This is the most common question that I get. In fact, when I tell people that maybe I haven't spoken to in a couple years, I tell them that I left the dental office and started my own practice. The same response is usually, oh, really? Are you doing okay? And I'm thinking, what? What do you mean am I doing okay? That's usually what people say. So they assume I'm poor. They assume I'm desperate. They assume I'm going to go back to the dental office because I'm making no money. It's true. Sorry. It's so true. Okay. Yes, I'm doing fine. I'm making more money than I would have in a dental office. I am working less. I'm happier. I have a much more flexible schedule. If I decide to wake up tomorrow and not work because I'm just not feeling it or whatever, I can reschedule my patient and I don't feel bad about it. I would never do that because that's not the type of person I am, but if that ever happened before, if I worked at a dental office and I woke up sick, I would feel so guilty calling in saying I'm sick. I can't come in. They would try to talk me out of it for two minutes. It was just ridiculous. Yeah. So the fact that I have my own business, you guys, is amazing. And I really try to inspire dental hygienists who want to have their own business, who really have that entrepreneurial spirit. You should start your own business.  I don't know if I can make enough money. Let me tell you, you can. You just have to get started. If you don't get started, you'll never know. And then you'll be thinking forever. I wish I had tried. I wish I did it. I am here to support you. I left the dental office. When I first started my dental hygiene business, I was maybe seeing one patient a week if I was lucky. I was not enough to make a full-time income. So, yes, of course, I was kind of worried about it, wasn't sure. But it was really because I was teaching and tutoring and doing business coaching at the same time. So I wasn't really devoting myself to getting clients. Once I started doing that, I had moved to a new city, new house, all of that. I didn't know anybody. I said, okay, this is it. I'm going to open up my, well, I did, but I did already. But I'm going to really start advertising my mobile dental hygiene business. I now am able to have a room in my own home to see clients as well who don't necessarily want to be seen in their home. I had the idea of seeing a dental hygienist for their teeth cleaning, not having to go to the dental office. It's the pandemic. People do prefer to see less people. So there wasn't a choice. I just simply advertised, marketed, and I was able to get clients fast. I am so booked up. I'm booking clients typically two to three months in advance. I do because I don't work full-time, you guys. I typically work 10 till two. I take two days off every week, sometimes more. Sometimes I don't take days off if I just have so many patients that need to be seen. Their insurance is running out. Who knows? But that's typically my day. I remember working in a dental office before, working nine to six, barely getting a lunch, getting no thank you for not taking a lunch, or working past my lunch because my patients were late, I was behind, whatever, feeling underappreciated, just working really hard, basically making what was I making, $30 per hour, which is great. There's nothing wrong with that. But I certainly make more in my own business. I'm not overworking myself. I can pick and choose my own schedule. I'm home by two o'clock every day, so that does include travel time. I'm home by two o'clock. I feel great. I'm not a zombie coming home. And it's just a great feeling to know. These are my patients. I can say what I want to say to them. I don't have to sell dental products to them. It's just me. It's just them. It's amazing. Yes, you can make great money working for yourself. There are expenses involved, of course. I did take a $30,000 business loan out when I first got started to get the sterilizer compressor, everything. I do explain all of that inside my mobile RDH Academy course if you are a dental hygienist and want to start your own business, you're thinking about it. Just make sure that you can start your own business where you live. Every state is different, so please check that with your dental hygiene college. And then if you can and you want to do it, either a mobile business in your own home or a storefront, I am here to support you. So please let me know if any questions you can do this. You can make the money. You don't have to be exhausted and tired by the end of the day. You can have your own schedule. Thank you guys for listening. Please click like on the video. If you haven't yet, make sure to click subscribe. If you do like listening to me, I would really appreciate it. That does help me so much. And I'll see you guys in the next video. Comment below if you have any questions. If you need to reach me sooner, you can go to my website dentalel.podia.com. You can click the chat feature on the bottom of the website and reach me almost right away. If I don't get back to you, it's because I'm out seeing patients or doing videos such as this one, but I will get back to you as soon as I can. Thank you guys. Have a great evening.


Demand side management and DSM is a cost-effective approach to managing electricity networks, which seeks to reduce capacity requirements and costs, increase the penetration of renewable generation and reduce power system emissions. It involves analyzing the unique characteristics of electricity demand in different sectors, including industrial, commercial, and residential, and taking into account technical, economic, and behavioral factors. Technical constraints in the industrial and commercial sectors are mainly related to process requirements and business operations, while residential demand is driven by human behavior and outcomes. Enhancing DSM uptake requires tailored solutions for each sector, with industry benefiting from technological and process improvements, commercial benefiting from economic incentives, and residential benefiting from better understanding of the interactions between human behavior, human outcomes, and energy use. Agent-based models are best suited for integrating these interactions into energy models, thereby driving the uptake of DSM, particularly in the important residential sector. This article was authored by Baxter Williams, Daniel Bishop, Patricio Gallardo, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


Saga of the Roaring West, the adventurous story of the early west, the tamed and the untamed, from the Pekos to Powder River, Dodge City to Poker Flat, these are the towns they fought to live in and lived to fight for, teeming crucibles of pioneer freedom from Teartown. Wonder how many of you folks ever heard the story of the jailbird rangers, the very start of what became the rangers in my state. I come from Dos Rios, just north and west of Texas and I'm the town's only lawyer. My handle, Chad Remington, and if you want to know why I feel qualified to tell you about the jailbird rangers, well I guess it's because on two occasions they almost cost me my life. You see, not too long ago our entire state suddenly burst wide open with every kind of thievery and neighboring in the book, Ruslan, bank robberies, coach holdups and just plain and simple murder. First the big bank in Alamo City was raided and only two days later, way up in the Rockies, a Wells Fargo wagon was stopped and rocked. Eight hours after that, down in the Rim Rock country in the south part of the state, a trail herd of almost 2,000 head of fine cattle was raided and successfully russled. And so it went for the next five, six weeks. A crime in one county and then as the sheriff and his deputies went into action, the gang struck again, maybe 400 miles and five counties away. Well, mighty discouraging business. And in our own county almost every able-bodied man was deputized for the search, even me, our local judge and the owner of the livery stable, Cherokee O'Bannon. Well, after a particularly hot and dusty wild goose chase, we returned to town with our tail feathers dragging and the judge, Cherokee and I went back to my office. He asked me and I know nobody did. I think young man's got batsies balfour, don't you judge? Never mind what you think, Cherokee. Right now, I'm only interested in finding out if the judge thinks enough of my suggestion to go up to the state capitol with us and introduce me to the governor. Well, I'd be glad to introduce you to the governor, Chad. But I don't think it's going to do you any good. Well, I'm willing to take that chance. With every sheriff's authority ending at the borders of his own county, we've got to have state ranges if we hope to break up this crime wave. Chad, my boy, I wish you wouldn't refer to them as rangers. Very name is abhorrent to me. Taste me clean across the state and out of Texas, just because my Cherokee Indian rattlesnake oil failed to grow luxuriant tresses and a ball-headed sergeant. Well, as long as you just drink your rattlesnake oil and don't try to peddle it, you haven't got any worries. Now, how about it, judge? Stagecoach for the state capitol leaves in less than an hour. It's a futile cause, Chad, but I'll do whatever I can. I'll go with it. If Cherokee and I had gone alone, we never would have gotten in to see the governor. The judge, being along, made the difference. The governor received us just about as he was to leave for dinner. In fact, the young lady he was escorting, a willowy and lovely brunette by the name of Dolores Donovan, was there with him. I watched the governor while I pleaded my case and realized the judge was right. It was a hopeless cause. Mr.  With the state treasury on the verge of bankruptcy, you come here asking me to authorize further expenses. But we need a state police force, Your Excellency. If you'll pardon me, putting in my two cents worth for the elections just two months away, the governor needs votes. Thank you, my dear gentlemen, and you particularly judge, do you realize how many votes I'd lose if I did authorize additional expenditures at a crucial time like this? Course by election, we may have nothing of value left in the entire state, let alone the treasury. Do you realize that more than a million dollars has been pilfered or sacked already, and each day that goes by adjusted? Governor, we were expected at dinner ten minutes ago, and it's still a thirty minute drive before we get there. Sorry, Miss Donovan, I had no idea I was delaying you. That's quite all right, Mr. Remington. Delighted to have met you. I do hope we meet again sometime. Under less hurried circumstances. Verbally, that's what we were. Pushed right out. Well, forget it, Cherokee. We tried. I had no idea Miss Donovan had such an influence with the governor. But she seems to have. No need to apologize, Judge. You see, his wife died three, four years ago. And as I get the story, Miss Donovan, who is quite wealthy in her own right, moved up here from Texas, and they met. But I didn't think for a minute that, well, that... And do you see that carriage he drove her off in? The state is paying for that. No wonder the treasury's almost bankrupt. Judge, you've done all you could so far, but would you go even further? Well, I don't know, Chad. What do you mean? I mean help me to organize my own state ranges at no expense to the state. Your own? Where could you get the men and the authority? And the authority? Well, I'll assume that. The men? The men I want, you'd have to help me get. What men, Chad? Convicts. Men who are now in the state penitentiary. Convicts? Oh, now, now, look, don't jump down my throat till I'm through. Remember first who most of the law officers suspected of heading up this gang of criminals were after. You mean Vicks Frybeck? I sure do mean Vicks Frybeck, because I think we inherited him from Texas, where the rangers down there ran him and his gang out a short while ago. But what in the name of Tom Katz as Frybeck got to do with these convicts? You're talking about Chad? Well, three or four of them came from Texas. Undoubtedly no Frybeck, or at worst, are known to him. Yes. Now, most men serving time in prison would give anything to get out. And if you could get a handpicked few parole to me, I think they could lead us to Frybeck in short order. And since they say it takes a crook to catch a crook, everyone would profit. You realize, of course, what would happen if the governor learned of it. He'd throw you into jail along with him. If he finds out before we catch Frybeck, after? Well, I think you'll be taking bows all over the place for cleaning up the state. Chad, my friend, all this is just dreaming. How can you get a dozen men out of prison? It's not a dozen, but most down each six. And since the warden happens to be the judge's formal law partner. Chad, I know what's the use of arguing with you. You'll just keep on until I do it anyway. Give me the names of the men you want. If warden Stribbling is the same man I started with in law school, I think you'll have your jail bird rangers before long. Bird rangers is what the judge called him, and the name stuck. The rest of what the judge said stuck, too. But hardly 48 hours later, I heard the toughest and orneriest bunch of cutthroats as stated ever seen. Seated around a campfire and learning what I had in mind. And there was John O. Johnson, Waco Bankpandit, Black Mike Curtis, West Texas cattle thief, and Red Dooley, who shot up the panhandle much to his profit. You gentlemen would pose your oral orifices, and let Remington Fenties, maybe we could get some sleep tonight. Boys, boys, I could talk from now until sunup, trying to explain every little detail of this to you. But the important thing is to get action. Since three of you, John O. Mike and Red, all know Frybeck and can probably get in to see him without having daylight left through you. What I want to do now is have the three of you draw straws to see who goes up there. All right, now look.  Anybody who doesn't like it isn't too late to have you sent back now. I think it'd take more than you to send any of us back. Yeah? Give up, T. John. Maybe you're not used to being talked to. Maybe you're used to something more like this. Who do you think you're slapping? John O. Johnson, the Waco Bankpandit.  Next time I won't just slap you.  I got three straws here in my hand. A man who pulls a short one leaves here and walks up that road toward the place you tell me Frybeck's probably using as a hideout. Yeah, Cherokee, you passed the straws around. I just all mine, all mine. All right, who got the short one? Well, come on, hold them up. Johnson, did you hear what I said?  You're going up there. Up in the pen, you always talk mighty tough, channel. What's wrong, guy in yellow? Yeah, sure, sure. You two don't have to go. Well, I'm not going either. Oh, yes you are. We'll see about that. You lily livid poor chap. He's down like a steered a rodeo. I'd never mind a cheer in section, Cherokee. Hit Johnson with his feet and start it up toward Frybeck's. Let me do that. Let me do that. I know Frybeck. If he finds out what you're up to, he'll cut my tongue out. You stay here and I'll knock it out. Now get going. Get going. Johnson disappeared into the shadows. Just as the night swallowed him up, I saw him stop and look back, hoping no one was watching, hoping he could get away. I reached for my rifle and raised it to my shoulder. Johnson turned and shuffled ahead. Then the waiting started. There wasn't a sound, a human sound. Even Cherokee couldn't bring himself to talk. The minutes ticked off and then the hours started to vanish into the place where time and good intentions go. Mike Curtis and Dooley as hardened and as black-hearted as they were said almost motionless. They're backs to two trees. I still don't know how much time had dragged by, but sooner or later we heard the unmistakable sounds of a horse approaching. I motioned to Cherokee and the two others. They got up and crowded around me. The only thought that made any sense was that it was John O. Johnson on his way back where the horse he'd either borrowed or stolen from Vicks Frybeck. There's no question that it was just one horse, nothing to be afraid of. We just stood there almost motionless as the horse and rider came closer. And suddenly the horse was almost on top of us and as the rider could make us out in the dark, he swerved and before raking his horse again, dropped something large and heavy at our feet. John O. Johnson or what's left of him after Frybeck got through riddling him with bullets. We'll return to the second act of jail bird rangers, our exciting frontier town adventure in just a few moments. Johnson had taken slugs from every gun in Frybeck's gang, but why it had happened and how it had happened, how Frybeck had even found out that we were there and where we were seemed to have no answer. And I even hate to think of it now, now that it's all over. I'd never been in a spot like that before and believe me, I never will again. There was nothing left for me to do except to face it out with the two men left to me, Dooley and Curtis. I knew this idea was local all the time, Remigener, and I'm telling you right now I'm getting out of here while I still can. Yes, you are getting out, Mike, but do you know where you're going? Well, what do you mean? Johnson's body's got to be taken back to the warden. And so do you, too. Wait a minute. You think you're taking me back to that jail? You got another thing coming. Don't be idiotic, Chad's right. Side is for your own protection. I got all the protection I want. I'm out and I'm free. Well, you won't be out long if Frybeck finds you. Oh, Mike, don't you see? With Johnson dead, everybody and his brother will soon find out you and Dooley are out of the pen and then... Chad, he's grabbing for your rifle. You hog-brained implicitly. Go with it. Cherokee, the other one. Don't let him get away. I mean, tell him I have a good one. He's inside. For a moment there, old Brandon, I thought our numbers had come up. Hey, you did a nice job on Dooley. You know something, Chad? Now I really need a... Well, a drink to be frank about it. Yeah, but right now you're not getting one. Because we've got to tie up these two and start hauling them back to jail before we're caught with two escaped convicts. Take a little advice from a cowtown lawyer. Never get mixed up like I did. Oh, not that the idea wasn't essentially a good one, but when you're dealing with convicts, you've paroled yourself against the strict orders of the chief executive of the state. Well, Cherokee and I have pointed up Curtis and Dooley and started back for the penitentiary as fast as four horses at Carrius. All the while, I thought of nothing except how I could explain General Johnson's death outside the prison walls. The four of us were not over a half-day's ride from the penitentiary, and except for the problem still having no answer, everything seemed to be going smoothly. Chad, after this day is over, if you don't give me two bits to spend over the gleaming mahogany of the nearest tavern, I am going to drink a pint of that snake oil myself. The very thought of it makes me shudder. It's too bad you've got a remedy for snake poisoning instead of lead poisoning, because before this day is over, we may be ne... Uh-oh. And what's this coming? Seems to be a party of horses, about 10 of them. Yeah, it sure does. One of them seems to... Bit Cherokee duck. That's the idea. Who do you think you're shooting at? You make one move, but you'll never... That's them all right. Time will get their guns. Just a minute. There must be some mistake. Who do you think we are? Well, I'm not too sure about you two, but the two with you with their hands tied up are known as numbers 2, 3, 4, 7, 6, and 3, 5, 1, 0, 8, formerly Mike Curtis and Red Duly. And I've got an idea that's starting today all four of you are going to be wearing numbers. Come on. This route, except the judge and the warden, I couldn't understand at the moment. But I was to find out, all right, find out the hard way. All right. Now, with 10 guns pointed at our backs, they had no trouble hurting Cherokee and me into those little wedding rooms they call cells. I hate to be derogatory, my boy, but it seems to me that your idea kind of backfired. Backfired right through John O'Johnson to start with. Now we're running it up to our necks. Please.  It's the height of inner priority to speak about necks. What are we going to do, Chad? I've sent for the judge. You don't think he's going to be able to get us out of this one? Might help. After all, he is a political leader for Dos Rios County and he does possess a certain amount of influence with the governor. And now, if you'd have sent for Dolores Donovan, you'd have picked someone who really has influence with the governor. Miss Donovan made quite an impression on you, didn't she, Judge? Indeed she did. Too bad it could have been Pice and Purser. She made an impression on me, too, with the judge. Well, it looks like the judge's coming now. Chad Remington, have you any idea of the trouble you're in? He certainly don't have to remind us, Judge. You're outside those bars and we're behind him. Now, isn't that the kind of answer you'd expect from Cherokee Judge? He can always manage to drag bars into the conversation. Chad, how in the name of topic can you act so light-hearted about a thing like this? Because I think that now I've figured out a way to catch the fribeck gang. And all you have to do to help, Judge, is to get the governor's ear privately and arrange another audience for us with him. The governor? Chad, you know it's impossible under the, uh, well, the existing conditions. As Miss Donovan pointed out, the governor is interested in votes, votes to re-elect him. And if you'll point out to him that landing the fribeck gang in jail will get him more votes than all his election promises put together, well, I don't think he'll refuse to at least listen to us. Well, maybe so, Chad. Good. Uh, get your ear over here where I can stop yelling. I'll tell you exactly what the governor... Sir Remington, so far you haven't told the governor anything at all to make him believe you know how to or where to round up the fribeck gang. You're perfectly right, my dear. In your present position, Mr. Remington, your promises don't mean a thing. Governor, I can't blame you at all for your attitude, but if I might have a moment with you alone, I'll be only too happy to tell you what I have in mind. My dear Miss Donovan, why not step outside in the anti-room with me while the governor... Just a minute, Lois. Anything Remington has to say to me, he can certainly say in front of you. If he has anything to say. I should certainly think so. Very well. And I'm forced to admit that I have no actual plan. However, I happen to know that there's a shipment of $70,000 in gold coming into the Dos Rios State Bank tonight by train. And I'm most anxious to be on hand to make sure it gets there. Remington, the only place you're going is back to jail. You got more nerve than any one I've ever encountered. Don't you think so, Delores? Really, I don't think I should interfere in your business. And as a matter of fact, if you'll pardon me, I believe I'll go back to my hotel. But Delores... I'll talk to you in the morning. Good night, gentlemen. Well, what do you know? You were right, Chad. She actually took the bait. Naughty, you believe me, Governor. She can't wait to get to Frybeck and tell him about that. $70,000 gold shipment. So that's why she played up to me. Just to find out what was... Remington, if you're going to follow her, you'd better get going. Apparently, Frybeck is hiding not too far away from here, and we mistake no chance on losing her now. Bix, I know what I heard. $70,000. This will be a real cleanup. Vegas would pull yet, if it works. Well, of course it'll work. And with that much in our hands, we can be on our way. Just the two of us. Well, I don't have to listen to that stuffed shirt of a governor again. Look, I'll have to get the boys together. You duck out of here. Go back to your room. Pack up. And once you hear we've got the gold, check out and meet me at the cabin. Bix, now, be careful. Don't take any chances, honey. With you waiting for me at the other end. Come here. Bix, darling. All right, baby. On your way now. Papa's got work to do that just ain't gonna wait.  See ya. You sure will see her, Frybeck. In jail. Cherokee, come on. Remington, of all the low, slimy snakes I've ever... Dorks, duck. Oh, no, you don't. Cherokee, keep the girl covered.  Just out listening to the birdies. Delores, old girl, I'm sorry we spoiled you. Well, to be polite, let's call it your elopement. But you may get out about 10 years before Frybeck does. If you love him so much, you can just wait for him. You chump. Of course, I'll be glad to call on visiting days and bring you posies, Delores, my darling. Good idea, Cherokee. Since they missed that bank shipment, maybe you can send it a bunch as a golden rod. And from you and me personally, I think some forget-me-nots. All right, come on, Delores. Let's be heading for jail. It's amazing seeing that Ms. Donovan's story didn't get to the papers. Well, I didn't see where it'd serve any public purpose, now that the governor's had his eyes open. The warden said that in another few days, she'd be shipped back to Texas on extradition papers. And won't someone have to be sent back with Ms. Donovan? You know, sort of, garter? Well, yes, of course. Well, in judge, I'd like to volunteer for the job. I feel it's my duty as a public-spirited citizen. That's a job you certainly love. Hey, Cherokee, you're walking right into the arms of the sergeant of the Texas Rangers who's been looking for you the last five years. I certainly as a public-spirited Texas Ranger. The time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it. Which I might point out is a lot healthier for you in the long run than what you generally put in your mouth. And the way you talk, the judge might likely imagine I'm addicted to liquor. Oh, far from it. The only time I've known you to take a drink is when you were suffering. See there? And where do I suffer from, Cherokee? The only thing you've ever suffered from, Cherokee? First.


What's up guys? I'm Brian Sokawa. You're watching He Spoke Style and today we're talking about six expensive products that are totally worth the money. So just to start off, I want to say that just because something is expensive does not necessarily mean that it is a high quality item. There are many things that are vastly overpriced that are simply not worth the money. However, I tend to believe that in most cases especially when it comes to craftsmanship as well as things that are meant to last, that you really do get what you pay for. That's been my experience over time and these next six items I'm going to share with you definitely stand up to that test. First up is a pair of selvedge denim jeans. Now when you're talking about selvedge denim, you are typically talking about a price point somewhere between $2 to $300 or $350. I have seen pairs for as low as around $150. J Crew has a pair listed on their website right now for $148 and they can go as high as up to around $1,000. Now I do not recommend you spend $1,000 on one pair of jeans but I do think that in the $2 to $300 price range that you are going to get an extremely high quality item. So over the past six or seven years or so I have been a fan of APC as well as double RL. I had a pair of APC new standards that I wore to death and my current double RLs I bought about two years ago and they honestly still look brand new even though I wear them all the time. The thing with selvedge denim is that it lasts and it tends to also look better as it ages. So if $2 or $300 seems like a lot to spend on one pair of jeans I would say to just consider the economics for a second. So let's say you spend $210 on a pair of APCs and that is the only pair of jeans that you have and that you wear. And then let's say that that pair of jeans lasts you from three to five years which is not out of the realm of possibility for selvedge jeans. Now contrast that with having to buy five pairs of $40 jeans that you have to replace every year. So if you do the math you will definitely see that you come out ahead with a pair of selvedge jeans. Next up I'm going to say is a category instead of a specific product and that is what I would call boutique fragrances. Now there's nothing wrong with brands you can get at a department store. I personally love Ralph Lauren Polo Green and I would just about put Tom Ford whose fragrances I also love into that sort of easily accessible. You know I can just run to the mall and pick up a bottle category. But in terms of boutique fragrances I'm talking more about like I would say niche brands. So brands like Amouage, Arquise, Citronan, Creed, Frederic Mall, Gammin, Nassimato, Rajas, Tameen, just to name a few. When it comes to details like fragrance for me having something very unique is important. I also try to seek out those fragrances that are in one way or another intriguing. You know ones that might make people come up and ask you what fragrance that is that you're wearing. And I have found that fragrances from these smaller or more boutique brands tend to be the ones that do have those more interesting qualities to them. From a price perspective we're talking you know anywhere between $150 to $350 or $400. Now it is very important if you are going to spend the money on a fragrance that is this expensive that you know for sure that you are going to like it on your skin. So I would recommend either going to the brand's boutique or a specialty retailer to get a sample. Or often times you can go on the brand's website and order a small sample for like $5 or $10 which is much better than dropping $300 on a bottle that you find out later that you don't really like. Next is a custom or made to measure suit. Now recently in my Ask Me Anything video there was a little bit of a dust up in the comments over how I responded to the question of what suit would I buy at the $250 price point. If you haven't seen that video my answer was that I would not buy a $250 suit. I would keep that money and save up some more to buy something that was of a higher quality preferably something custom or made to measure. So if you are buying a $250 suit you are undoubtedly getting a fused garment. This is the cheapest and most inferior method of construction. I'm sure for a short period of time it will look okay but sooner than you would want you are going to start seeing some bubbling where the glue is and the jacket will start to lose its shape. So what you want to buy in terms of a jacket is a canvas garment. Now there are canvas options off the rack but unless you are very, very lucky you are going to need some alterations. Same goes for the pants as well. So if you walk into a suit supply or Brooks Brothers and buy a suit off the rack if you wanted to fit really, really well you are probably going to be spending about $1 to $200 on top of the cost of the suit for the alteration. So even if you are paying $5 to $600 for a suit if you add in those alterations costs you are really getting into a much, much higher price than you saw on the price tag. So at that point I really think you would do much better for yourself if you took your money to a reputable and well regarded customer made to measure program. The benefits are you are getting personal attention, you are getting measured by a tailor, you are getting a pattern that will be closer to your actual body shape and you have control over many more aspects of the finished product including lapel style, lapel width, pocket style, buttons, linings and so on. Plus if you are working with a reputable made to measure program whether that's at a brick and mortar location or online you are going to get a level of service that you will not find at a department store. Now one thing to mention is that not all made to measure or custom programs are created equal. It's very important to do your research before you commit to one so but rather than talk about specific programs here I think that would be a good discussion topic for down below in the comments. The last thing I will say is that from a price standpoint if it looks too good to be true it definitely is too good to be true so buyer beware. Next up is any product made by Frank Clegg. If you're not familiar with Frank Clegg, Frank Clegg Leather Works is a family owned business from Fall River, Massachusetts. They specialize in extremely high quality leather goods. Everything is made right there in their workshop. When you get a Frank Clegg product you are getting something with a classic design and timeless style. You are getting something that is expertly crafted with the highest quality materials and you are getting something that will last which is one of the most important things to consider whenever you are planning to spend a good chunk of change on anything. I personally own three Frank Clegg items. I have a small leather dot kit, a classic zip top briefcase and the signature travel duffel. All three of these items have a quality and feel to them that is very very special. It feels like something that is worth what you paid for it. And the best thing about quality leather goods is that they will improve with age. The leather will become more supple. They will take on a patina as you use it over time which makes it an item that could easily become an heirloom in the family. Next are skincare products by ASOP. Now a good skincare routine is one of those things that I think a lot of us guys tend to overlook at times but it is extremely important. For the past two or three years or so I have been using almost exclusively products by ASOP. I have tried many different brands in the past and ASOP is honestly one of my all time favorites and that is because I have not found anything as good or that works as well for me as ASOP stuff does. Currently I use the Resurrection Hand Bomb, Classic Shampoo and Conditioner, the Coriander Seed Body Cleanser, the Moroccan Neroli Post Shave Lotion, the Amazing Face Cleanser that's actually the name of it and the Mandarin Facial Hydrating Cream. Price for each item ranges between $25 and $50 which might seem like a lot especially considering the size of some of the items. I thought that initially as well but do not let the size fool you. I can tell you from experience that this stuff will last much longer than the size of the packaging might lead you to believe. My final pick is one of my favorite shoe brands and that is Belgian Shoes. Not any shoe that calls itself a Belgian shoe because there are others that call themselves Belgian Shoes and have a similar look. But I'm talking about the original Belgian Shoes at 55th and Park in New York City. There is a book that I read called Deluxe, How Luxury Lost Its Luster. I'll put a link to it down below in the description. And that book talks about how luxury goods have changed over time in particular in how they are manufactured. When we think of something as an old school kind of luxury item we typically think that it is made with very high quality materials and that generally it's made by hand. That's not the case for a lot of big name luxury brands anymore but there are some brands that still do everything by hand and Belgian Shoes is one of those brands. Beyond the craftsmanship aspect of Belgian Shoes there is also the comfort factor. I personally own three pairs of Belgian Shoes, a black suede Mr. Casual, a black watch plaid Ms. Wool Mr. Casual and a patent leather Henri. And I can tell you from experience that these are the most comfortable shoes that I have ever worn. In the realm of expensive shoes these are not really on the super high end though they are certainly expensive shoes. Prices range between $465 to $490. So there you have it, six products that I think are totally worth every single penny you would spend on them. So what do you guys think? Leave your comments below. And if there are some expensive products you think are worth the money definitely leave those for everyone to consider as well. Thumbs up if you liked this video. Don't forget to subscribe to the channel and until next time, thanks for watching and stay tailored.


Moving further to our next session which is presented by Mr. Soham Maheshwar, Alexa, evangelist at Amazon India, his role involves inspiring and helping developers build incredible voice experiences using Alexa. He was a part of the Alexa launch in India which has seen developers build over 20,000 skills in a short span of time. The topic of address is giving a voice to your brand. Ladies and gentlemen, please put your hands together and welcome Mr. Maheshwar on stage. Check, check. All right, good afternoon everybody. My name is Soham. I work in Amazon as an Alexa evangelist. So my talk today is a slight change of pace. I know there's a large marketing audience here but as Mr. Sudhanshu said, the future is technology and I'm here to tell you a little bit about the future. So I'm here to talk to you a little bit about how brands and businesses need to look at voice user interfaces to really, you know, sort of keep up with technology. So far, how we have interacted with technology really looks like this. We've all used mobile phones. We've used computers, laptops. We've used remote controls. We've controlled IAC. But this isn't a very human way of communicating. At the end of the day, it's all about the human connection and it really all about, it's all about this. If you really look at it, how we have interacted with personal computing, it sort of looks like this where it all started in the mid-1970s and I'm going, small little tech lesson here. Our interactions with personal computing started in the mid-1970s and it was then, you know, people use very, very basic computers, small black and white screens and you could only enter text-based commands to get something done. So to like move a file or to copy a file, you had to actually type out COPY and it wasn't the most user-friendly, of course. Things changed in the mid-1980s a little bit and for the first time we had graphical user interfaces. This is something we all take for granted now. We're so used to using, but for the first time, you know, companies like Microsoft and Apple and Xerox, they came up with interfaces that were visual in nature. For the first time, you could see a file on your system or you could move this little piece of hardware that would translate onto the screen. I'm talking about a computer mouse, which, you know, wasn't very popular before that. In the 90s, things changed again and this time we moved towards the era of the web and I certainly remember the early days of the web where I used Internet Explorer and we had to wait like five minutes for a static website to load up and for the first time, of course, we had to use this thing called a browser and we were introduced to, you know, elements like a drop-down menu or a radio button. Then again, things changed in the mid-2000s. We came to the era of the smartphone and just think of the 20 years or so that the mobile phone has been around. We've gone from these really basic phones with small screens and clunky keypads to the advanced smartphones that all of us here have in our pockets and think of the interactions you have on your phones today. You know, you swipe right or how do you zoom a page on your web page? You do that. Yeah, you pinch to zoom or you pull to refresh. All these interactions didn't exist before but as technology evolves, so does our interactions with it. Now, like I said in the earlier slide, you know, it's all about the human interaction and we as humans, we've been using our voice to communicate with each other for over 100,000 years. But for some reason, our technology really hasn't reflected that up until now. In a nutshell, it simply wasn't easy. The tech wasn't there, but now, you know, thanks to machine learning, thanks to speech-to-text recognition, thanks to all of this tech, we are at a stage where we can communicate with the machine using our voice and hear an intelligent response back. So as if on time, sometime in the mid-2010s, there was another paradigm shift towards voice user interfaces. We at Amazon, we truly believe that voice represents the next major disruption in computing. And being in marketing, being marketeers, I'm sure you guys have heard this word a lot, which is disruption. And it's when a new technology or a platform, it changes how we behave or it changes how we operate. And we believe that voice is that next disruption in computing. It's not just us. You know, if you look at the statistics as well, they're saying by 2021, there will be 1.83 billion users who would use voice-based assistance. And that really changes the paradigm. It changes the paradigm of information lookup. It changes the paradigm of how brands communicate with customers. So it's really going to change the paradigm in the years to come. Keeping this disruption in mind, we came up with this device called the Echo. Does anyone here own one? Anybody? Awesome, a few of y'all. So this is a device called the Amazon Echo. It's powered by Alexa, of course.  So everything from getting cricket scores to playing music to controlling the smart lights in your house to setting alarms, reminders to shopping, very importantly to shopping, all of this can be done just via your voice. And for now how people typically use it is, you know, you'd have one device at your home, maybe in the living room, maybe in the bedroom, but really our vision is not just that. Our vision is really for Alexa to be everywhere, which means you will be using your voice to communicate with machines not just at home, but also at work, at university, on the go, at your bank, and at the supermarket. Really this is our vision where people can use their voice to communicate with machines wherever they go. So now you've seen that voice is going to be the next major disruption. So let's take a look at how brands and businesses really should start thinking about voice. On Alexa, of course, you have something called a skill. Similar to how you have apps on your phone or how you have websites, you have something called a skill on Alexa. These are just some of the global brands that have worked with us to build skills. And this is a very, very fast-growing ecosystem. It's something that's about to explode right now. And we really hope that brands and businesses come and start building skills to really interact with their audience. All right, so if you really look at the evolution of buying, for the longest time, people went out to physical stores to buy something. Of course, see advertisements. They would see marketing material on radio, internet, magazine, wherever. But for the longest time, they had to go to a physical store to actually buy something. That, of course, changed with the internet. And I think Amazon was one of the pioneers of e-commerce where for the first time you could sit in your house and actually buy something and have it delivered home. True disruption. Of course, that changed again when it came to buying via mobile phone. And I'm sure a lot of you here e-commerce or work with companies that, you know, let people buy from a mobile phone. That is going to change again with voice. Because how it started was like this, and these are screenshots from first versions of websites. That's McDonald's, that's BMW, and that's the Pepsi. These are first cuts of actual websites. And see how horrendous they all looked if I say so myself. But we're going to go from something like this to something like this, where a user's getting ready to go out. They can just say something like, Alexa, add a bottle of cola to my cart and the device says bottle of cola has been added to your cart. What this really means is for the first time you need to think of the essence of your brand in a voice-centric world.  But how do you really sort of maintain that in a voice-centric world? Because for the first time your brand has a voice in the digital world. And this is, I think, very, very important. Your brand has a voice in the digital world for the first time. So as a brand, how do you really start thinking about this paradigm? You know, what can you do to get started into this? You're like, okay, what do I do now? I think as a brand you really need to start, you need to take stock of the conversations that you're having with your customer right now. You know, what are those conversations? What do they sound like? For a lot of brands that were born in the digital age, maybe you're not having any conversation with your customer at all. All your interactions are completely technologically driven. Or maybe some of y'all are having conversations via a customer support agent. Or maybe via a chat bot. How often do you directly speak to your customer? A lot of the brick and mortar stores when someone enters a brick and mortar store, you have a person greet the customer which gives a very delightful and surprising experience to that customer. So how do you really take that experience and translate that to the digital world? And I think that is some of the things you as a brand start to need to think about when you're moving to a voice-centric world. Also, like I said before, you know, I think brands take a lot of effort, they spend a lot of time in trying to think of how their brand looks, you know, in terms of visual consistency and how they come across in their collateral and their logos, in their advertisements. But has anyone really thought about how your brand sounds like? And I think that will be important moving forward.  Is it a male voice? Is it a female voice? What sort of tone can you actually use when you're communicating with your customers? Maybe your brand wants to give off this friendly, youthful sort of vibe, so maybe you give it a very casual tone.  Also, the most important thing I think when it comes to conversational interfaces is how authentic and personal can you actually be? I think the big difference between what we've been doing so far in technology, you know, with mobile apps and websites, and what we're getting into now, which are voice user interfaces, is so far we have sort of forced humans to think like computers. We, as humans, we shouldn't be thinking in terms of radio buttons, drop-down menus, and swipe right and swipe left. But now we're finally at a stage where we're forcing computers to think like humans. And again, I think that's what's really changing the paradigm. And that lends to a lot of personalization and a lot of contextualization that could never have been possible so far with what we have. All right, so as a brand, if you have sort of thought of these questions and if you're, you know, you're really convinced that voice is that next major disruption, how do you go about designing a voice experience for your customer? How do you really connect with your customers via voice? A good way to get started is, of course, to define how you can actually enhance your customer's life. And I think this is the most important thing. We've worked with a lot of brands before who said, hey, you know what, I'm really convinced about voice. I really want to be there. I want to be the first player there. And the big mistake I think lots of them do are existing experiences from mobile and web to the voice world. And that typically doesn't work. And the reason is so far we have been interacting with screen-based devices. We use a laptop, we use a desktop, we use a mobile phone. All these devices are screen-based devices which are meant for the eye, whereas now in a voice-centric world you're designing for the year. And that's a fundamental difference again. You know, figuring out how you can impact your customer is try and see where you can fit into your customer's journey. Think of maybe a day in the life of your customer. Maybe your customer listens to the news in the morning. They take an Uber later in the day to work.  In the afternoon, their kids come back from school, order some food, do some math quizzes. And in the evening, you know, you might get some recipes, listen to Sadguru, get the cricket scores. This is the typical journey of a consumer who can use voice user interfaces in certain ways. And as a brand, you can really see where you can enhance their life or where you can really fit in to this consumer journey. Once you've defined sort of what you want to build and how you want to connect with your customer comes the most important part which is sort of deploying the use case that you've come up with. And here, the most important thing is to think of the voice design which is essentially, like I said, how you would actually speak with your consumer. Again, the fundamental difference is you're designing for the years and not the eyes. I'm just going to give you a small design lesson here, but when it comes to designing for the eyes, the eye expects uniformity. This is why every time you go to Amazon.io, you will see the same elements of the time that is how we learn to use user interfaces. If you don't believe me, let's try an experiment. You can take out your phone, think of the app that you use the most on your phone. And what you do is change the location of that app within, change the location of the app icon. You'll find that the next time you want to go use that app, you will go to where it used to be because that's how we use visual user interfaces. You train yourself for it to be at that particular place with uniformity. With the year, though it's slightly different, the year wants a lot of variety. You don't want to hear the same thing over and over again. So keep that in mind when actually designing the conversation between your voice experience and your customer. I just want to show you like a small video clip of how Diageo sort of thought about their voice experience and they came up with an Alexa skill that could connect with your customers. So I'm just going to play and say you have some friends over. And to shake things up just say Alexa, open the bar. Welcome to the bar. It's like a personal bartender except you don't need to tip. Let's start with a classic. Old fashion coming right up. Start with the sugar. Add ice. Pour in the whiskey. Stir patiently. Garnish with the orange zest. Cheers. And for friends that don't know what they want would you like something sweet or sour? Sweet. Looks like you're in the mood for a cosmopolitan. Just mix, shake, twist, strain, peel, flame and serve. Boom, look at you Mr. Bartender. Just say Alexa, open the bar to start making cocktails. Alexa, I feel like a vodka martini. Do you like that shaken or stirred? So Diageo really want to connect with their customers and they thought that having a skill that would help their customers build cocktails would really reinforce the brand's guidelines, reinforce what users wanted to connect with the brand. So they built out this particular experience with sort of mirrored like how you'd go to your local bar down the road and ask your favorite bartender for a cocktail. And they did a lot of research into how they could actually connect with their customers and they designed this. And it's really successful as well in terms of how users are connecting with this skill in this voice centric world. All right, so we spoke about how you could define what your voice experience could be and how you could actually design it. The most important part after designing and developing it is to actually optimize for voice. And I think this also is very important and gets overlooked because again, I think fundamentally the difference here is with voice there are different ways of saying the same thing. So that is a huge technological and a design challenge. And you really sort of want to listen to what your customers are saying to your skill. I want to give you a good example and it's a great anecdote. So in the US, this financial institution called Capital One they spend a lot of time and a lot of research saying hey, we want to be the first financial institution to build a banking skill on Alexa so that our customers can ask for account balance, they can transfer money and ask for mortgage information like that on the skill. And they put in a lot of design effort, they put in a lot of tech effort and they launched the skill. It was a good skill, it worked really well. But the one thing that they saw when the users were using this skill is that most people actually didn't ask for hey, what's the interest rate on this or what's the loan rate etc. The most commonly asked question was how am I doing? Because that's such a human question to ask a financial institution because people just wanted to know if they were financially okay, if their financial health was okay. And that was something that they didn't see coming and we didn't see coming either but it was a learning for us so they had to go back and rework this skill to sort of, they optimized their skill to make it a lot more human to have that certain connection with their customers. And right now it's one of the most popular skills in the US where people use that skill often to figure out what the financial health is. So really think of how you can optimize this experience for your users. I want to share a quick case study with you. It's a case study called Chompers and it was done by Gimlet Media. They're a pretty popular company in the US. They do a lot of podcasts and they do a lot of work on voice. So they were tasked with creating something for kids. And I'm going to show you a small video again and I'll take you through the case study. Now I'm going to teach the shocks out. How big is a whale? What do plants eat? Kids can be easily distracted so for parents getting them to brush their teeth can feel more like polling teeth. Only 47% succeeding in the mornings and 69% at night. But ignoring brushing has consequences. Tooth decay has become the most common chronic disease among young children. So Crest Kids dreamt up a way for parents to make Tooth Time a journey of imagination and full voice command. Alexa, start Chompers. Chompers is a twice daily audio show that combines healthy brushing tips and curiosity inspiring content that keeps kids engaged while they build better brushing habits. Each episode runs for at least two minutes. The exact time dentists recommend for healthy brushing. Switch to the other side of the bottom of your mouth and keep brushing. So which of these animals has the most teeth? A snail? A sharp? Or a saber tooth tiger? We'll tell you tonight when you come back for more Chompers. To make it easy for parents Crest Kids integrated Chompers with Amazon's Alexa empowering moms and dads to instantly unlock a world of original songs, jokes, stories, riddles and facts. Keeping kids entertained and on task so they brush better daily, morning and night. Tonight, we're going to give you the answer to that question we gave you this morning. Which animal has the most teeth? The answer is a snail has the most teeth. New content every morning and night drove a behavioral shift for Chompers listeners boosting morning brushing to 73% and nighttime brushing to 89%. And a whopping 91% of parents credited Chompers for brushing easier. It's unanimous. Chompers is a game changer. It's amazing what kids can accomplish in just two minutes, twice a day. I really like this example because I think the brand crest could easily have just said, hey, let's throw some advertising stuff in our skill, say, please brush your teeth kids, don't forget to do so. And they could have left it at that. They really chose to embrace the medium. They figured out what the strengths of the medium was, how to engage with children on that medium and they came out with this. The problem statement was pretty simple. Crest kids wanted to encourage kids to brush more. The problem was kids like screen-based devices but most bathrooms or restrooms and houses didn't have screen-based devices. And kids didn't listen to podcasts. How many kids actually listen to podcasts? So Gimlet Media actually worked with the Amazon team and they worked with Crest to come up with this where they actually came up with this skill. And I like the second point that's mentioned here, which is it outlined the shift in search. In the future, I don't know how often we'll be going back to our laptops and our mobile phone to actually search for information. And I think that is where you really, really need a strong brand presence because if I'm going to ask Alexa saying, Alexa, what cola should I buy? If you're Pepsi or your Coke, you want to be that first results there. Right now, if I look up something online on a search engine, I can see 10 results and I can probably pick from one but when that shift sort of moves to voice, you sort of want to be at that first search. And I think that's what really important is. That's what is really important. And needless to say, this campaign did really well. It won like a Khan Lion. Kids reported more brushing and everyone was happy. But what I really want to highlight is how they sort of embrace the medium and the technology to good effect. There's a famous quote by Gartner. Gartner is a company that does a lot of industry research, especially in technology. And they say that conversational platforms will drive the next big paradigm shift in how we humans interact with the digital world. I think 10 years ago if I was giving you the stock and I said keyboard and mouse won't be the primary user interface anymore, I would have probably been laughed at. And trust me, I started, I worked in tech for a bit, so I started my career as a mobile app developer and we would start up and we'd go often to companies and brands saying you really need a mobile app and they'd be like stop it. I have a website, I'm cool. But then of course we know what happened. I think we're at that phase right now in that shift towards voice interfaces. It might not happen tomorrow or two weeks from now, but it is definitely going to happen. And you would have probably seen this image quite a bit, the one at the bottom there. It's called the March of Progress. It sort of outlines how we have evolved from Ape to being able to stand on our two feet to being able to master machines. We see the endpoint as us being able to talk into the ether and hearing an intelligent response back. And this is really where we see the future of technology and that's why we really think brands and businesses have to be here and they have to adapt to this new technology in the future. I just want to end by saying think about how you can give your brand or your business a voice because this is definitely going to be the future. Thanks a lot for that. Lovely audience, thank you.


In this lecture what we're going to do we're going to take a look at another form of convective heat transfer and that is free or natural convection. The reason why we call it free or natural convection is because the body forces in the fluid provide the driving mechanism for the convective heat transfer. So unlike with force convection we don't need a pump or a fan in order to circulate the fluid. So in a way this is kind of a green form of heat transfer in that you don't have to add the energy to the flow, you're using the natural buoyancy of the fluid in order to drive the heat transfer process. So there's the definition of free or natural convection, so what we're looking at is we're looking at convective heat transfer in the absence of any kind of force velocity, so we don't have a pump, we don't have a fan causing circulation in the fluid, and it is the body force within the fluid that is actually providing the mechanism of moving the fluid over the surface where we have the heat transfer taking place, and buoyancy is the body force that is the thing that is driving. It could either be a fluid being hot, in which case typically with the gas or liquid it will be less dense and it will move up, or if it is cooler it will become more dense and then it will drop or descend, and that becomes the mechanism by which we can have what we call convective currents. So what we're going to do, we're going to begin by looking at some common engineering examples where you could have free or natural convection, so the first one that we'll look at are electronic cooling packages or fins, and then we will look at another form which is natural convection on the back of refrigeration systems or refrigerators, and the last thing that we will take a look at is heating systems, and these could either be electric where you have dual heating, it could be where you have hot water circulating or you could have steam. So let's go ahead and start looking at some of these different applications where we would have free or natural convection, and what we'll begin with, we'll begin with electronic cooling, and so here we can see the fin on the motherboard of a computer, and that's a pretty standard thing that has convective heat transfer, there's a refrigerator and you can see all the heat coming from the back on the IR camera, and then when you flip the refrigerator around you can see the cooling coils, here is a radiator inside of the household, and so it is heated, we have fins inside the radiator, hot fluid goes through the copper tube, there are other applications, this is in Reykjavik, Iceland, and they have very interesting free or natural convection, with the geothermal power they generate electricity from the steam, and so there you can see them generating electricity in a turbine, they expand the steam, but then the waste heat, they send that many, many kilometers to Reykjavik, and it is used for different applications along the way, here we have a greenhouse, and so the water comes in, it's about 52 degrees C, they then circulate it through these pipes on the bottom of the greenhouse for your natural convection is what is providing the circulation mechanism, and then the water drops down to about 36 degrees C, and they grow tomatoes with it, so really, really neat application of the geothermal heat, when it gets to Reykjavik they store in these big tanks, and then they circulate it throughout the city, and the water is very hot, you can use it for hot domestic water, but quite often they use it for heating, and so there you can see a radiator, there are all different types of styles, a radiator, two radiators on the other side of the, either side of this window or the door, there you can see a larger radiator, and they put them by windows, because that's where you have coal there, and that really drives the process quite efficiently, and they also actually put it in on the streets, and so here you can see a sidewalk, they have a circulating loop, and with that they don't have to shovel snow when it snows, so great application of natural convection in Reykjavik, Iceland, so there we can see three different applications, electronic cooling, household heating, as well as growing tomatoes in Reykjavik, where they were using the heat, and the tubes in the bottom of the greenhouse in order to provide the heat for the growth of the tomatoes using natural convection, no pumping mechanism to circulate the air throughout the greenhouse, so what we're going to be doing in the next segment, we're going to take a look at the fluid mechanics behind what is going on in freer natural convection, and then we'll start moving into the correlations that are used for quantifying freer natural convection.


17 days and we're back. All right, Everton 3, Cardiff 0. Fantastic result if you're an Evertonian. Not the best watch if you're a neutral or somebody just wants to tune in to watch a casual game of football because that might have been the best game on today. Most top quality teams play tomorrow and so if you're watching this as a neutral or anything you probably wouldn't be too impressed with much of that game. There wasn't really that much ebb and flow. There wasn't any super exciting portions of play besides maybe the goals. They were, you know, we maybe had four or five chances where you start, you know, getting up and down in your seat. We scored from three of them. Obviously the starting lineup was what was questioned by many people at the start of the game. You know, did you really need two defensive midfielders in there? We've Ghana and Schneidel in. Walcott starting on the right instead of either Luckman or Bernard. It was a question mark. Had no problem obviously with Jaguiel could come in if Mina's not fit and Zuma suspended. Sheamus coming in. I think it was the right time to bring him back. John Joe got a run the side, did fabulously well. You know, showed that there is some competition or at least that he's a suitable replacement for Sheamus in a pinch or when Sheamus isn't exactly 100% fit. But I think Sheamus obviously did great today was instrumented in the first goal. And let's talk about the first goal, I guess. Obviously that's what we were trying to do all day. Go down the outside, at least early in the game, but that turned out to be our plan overall. It was only down, we were probably going to try and go down both sides. We have Sheamus and Walcott on one side and Dinier and Ritalison on the other. Turned out that we couldn't do that down on the right side and that's where our first goal came from. Obviously Walcott drops in to pick up the ball over the top to a great, greatly beautifully timed run by Sheamus. Puts the ball where it needs to be behind the backing up defenders in front of a clinical goal score from that position, which Gioffi Sigurdsson is. Great seeing him come in from behind the play as what he used to do for Swansea and he's done plenty of times since playing for us. It's just usually when he plays in a higher up position, he doesn't really have the time to turn, play the ball off and then get into the box because the move usually breaks down before then, but today it came off without a hitch. Fabulous finish right in the corner. If that had been any close to the keeper, he may have had a chance of getting at least a fingertip on it, but he put it where he couldn't get it. So that was our right side, that's where the goal came from. It didn't ever look like we were going to do anything down the left side unless Dignier was going to put a cross in. Rogelsson just was not there today. He hasn't been there for a while. Now I thought that his play, his decision-making was very basic, was very predictable and I thought his decision-making was really, really slow. It gave the opposition time to get back, to set the defense to get back, to set themselves and just stick a boot in and that's what they did most of the time. He may be a player that he has to play 89 minutes of just kind of drifting in and out and then one minute he pounces and scores a great goal and is a decider in a game, but that didn't look like it was happening today. We don't have the luxury right now and no team in the Premier League shouldn't really have the luxury of allowing players just to go through the game to carry them because it looked like we were carrying Dominic Calvert-Lewing for a vast majority of that game because our plan was to obviously go down the outside and their two center-backs, Morrison and Sol Bamba, strong, solid, dependable, well-drilled defenders who are more often than not win the ball in the air against somebody like Dominic Calvert-Lewing. I thought they shepherded him well and that caused us to go down the outside, but ultimately if you're going to defend the inside like that, well, you're going to give up space on the outside and our goals, the first two goals, both of Sigerson's goals came from outside wing play. Obviously, this time it was Bernard who had just been on the pitch, walked three or four minutes, attempted to do what Rich Allison had been trying to do in all game, just get one on one with a defender, beat him for pace, get into a position where you can't be fouled, where you can't be touched, make the defense back off and then pick out a beautiful ball or at least put something into the mixer to make it difficult for the opposition to deal with. That's exactly what happened. Goalkeeper got a little bit on it, but Sigerson's there to finish it up. Now, coming into the box late again, so that's what we expect. Then the third goal, obviously Ghana just wanted it more in the middle of the park, tackling, tackling, tackling, winning the ball. Dominic makes the run. Ghana who doesn't usually have the best vision on the pitch, but it's not that difficult of a pass to make. The pass isn't difficult, I would assume, but the amount of weight the way it went into the box, just the right speed for Calvert Lewin and Calvert Lewin gets in and you think, well, if this is Van Nistoroy, if this is Thierry Henry, if this is Messi, if this is, you know, a whole bunch of players that in that situation, you wouldn't question their finishing ability, but if Dominic, you kind of have to sometimes, but he didn't let us down. A little close to the goalkeeper, but it went in. It's good to see the lad gets on the score sheet again. So overall, like I said, three points to the Blues. Eritonians loving it. We move on to the Derby, which hopefully we'll see the return of Gomez. We'll see maybe Walcott dropped for that in place of Lukman or Bernard. I think Dominic Calvert Lewin should probably start, but you know, either against Van Dijk and Matip, I'm assuming it's going to be up front. It's just going to be whoever. I don't think the game is going to be won or lost with our center forward play. I think a lot more rides on our defensive ability and our positioning play against Liverpool. And so yeah, Sheamus coming back in, though I think he may stay in for the Liverpool game. So I don't see too many changes. I just expect to see Gomez come in for Schneidlin. Who's Schneidlin? I thought was just average. Seen a lot of people saying during the game a little bit after that he was instrumental in some of the goals and he made some great tackles. I understand that that's what he's in the team for. But just remember, I don't think, you know, 120,000, it's not his fault that he makes that right. That's just the contract he signed. But overall, he's not a first team player. He shouldn't be taking the spot of if he's fully fit, Gomez or even Davis. I think he's the third or fourth choice in our defensive midfield pecking order. So I just say an average performance from him. I think an average performance from a lot of players, besides Sigerson's finishing and obviously he's seeing us in the match today. Other players had good games but there's nothing special about it. Just a confident win. We'll go in and see what we can do against Liverpool on Sunday. And yeah, great to be back. Thanks boys and see you in the comments.