Kraft presents the grape gilderslave. He he he he he. The Kraft cheese company, who also bring you Bing Crawls be every Thursday night present each week at this time. Harold Perry is the grape gilderslave, written by Leonard L. Levinson. And now let's visit our friend the grape gilderslave. Tonight we find him celebrating the first of them, the month in his customary fashion, and paying bills, counting out Bertie's salary, and making allowances for Marjorie and Leroy. Oh, Marjorie and Bertie, Leroy. What is it, Uncle Proud, Marjorie? Call me, Uncle Morse. Yes, here I am, Miss Gillespie. Well, such promptness. I'll bet you know what's on my mind. I do. This is the first of the month. And it's pay night for me. Yeah, pay night. That's right. How did you remember? Because I got four, five installments, gentlemen. So let me forget. Yes. Say, we collect our allowances too, Marjorie.  That was fifty cents. Fifty cents on a dime interest, sis. Fifty cents, and that's all, brother. Yeah. I was counting on that extra dough. Leroy, you're not in the hawk again, are you? Oh, I am, Uncle Morse. I don't know what you mean. Oh, you know. In the red. Oh, that's me you think of, Miss Gillespie. I saw deep in the red. My friends have quit calling me Birdie. I'm now known as Robin. Yes. Well, here's your salary, Robin. Ruben, Birdie. Minus the advances I gave you during the past month, of course. Thank you, sir. I certainly advanced myself to a standstill. Well, you've got one consolation, Birdie. February is going to be a short month. Ain't that the truth? Yeah. Well, I wouldn't be any shorter if I stood in a home. That's what I was in. I hate February anyhow. I give Valentine's from the fine-ass company. Well, here's your monthly allowance, Marjorie. Thank you. And here's yours for the weekly, Roy. Say, why can't I get mine for the whole month like Marge does, Uncle? I'm not a kid anymore. How about it, Uncle? Well, for the month, huh? We can try it out. Nothing ventured. Nothing ventured. Here you are. Gee, thanks. And here's something for you. If for me? What's this? A bill for services rendered during January. Just January, yes. Let me see. A bill? Stopping at the post office five times at a dime per stop, 50 cents. Going to the store 12 times at 5 cents per go, 60 cents. Three hot dogs for Uncle Mort at the basketball game, 30 cents. Young man, I thought you were treating me. Only the first two times, Uncle. After that, it was strictly Dutch. Well, you can't beat the Dutch. Removing ashes from Purnas, 20 cents. Spreading ashes on sidewalk, 15 cents for labor, 10 cents for ashes. My ashes, too. Rental of my bike to Uncle Mort, 10 cents. Repairing bent frame, 95 cents. Young man, I should charge you for my bent frame. Total $2.90. Well, here you are, Leroy. Thank you, Uncle. You're welcome. Sometimes when I see how you itemize every little household charge, I wonder if it was smart to teach you about business. Other times, I wonder if it was necessary. Well, I guess I'll go to bed now. Goodbye, Marjorie. What? I mean, good night. Good night, Bertie. Good morning, Uncle Mort. Just a second, Leroy. Come back here, young man. Let me see your tongue. A little oaky? Yes. Oh, seems all right. Are you feeling well? Oh, yes, sure, swell. Can I go to bed now? I guess so. Good night, my boy. Roland, good night, Uncle. Good night, Bertie. Good night, my boy. Good night, my boy. What's the trouble, Uncle Mort? Is that clock right? Yes. Something's wrong, either with a clock or Leroy. This is the first time in a year that he's gone to bed when he was supposed to without any arguments. I tell you, Marjorie, I don't like it. Yeah, isn't Leroy up yet? No, sir, Mr. Gale's asleep. I ain't seen hiding to have him this morning. Oh, well, it's time he was up for school. I better call him. Yeah, Leroy. Still asleep, little rascal. Come on, Leroy. Get out of the hay before... Where is he? Oh, a note to Uncle Mort. Come in here. Leroy's gone and left a note. Listen, dear Uncle Mort and Marjorie, I don't want you two to worry, but I'm going away for a while. What? I just couldn't stand it here any longer. Please don't worry about me because I'll be all right. Oh, I can't believe it. Oh, I'll take care of myself and write you soon, so be sure and don't worry. Also tell Bertie not to worry, either. Yours truly, Leroy. PS, please feed my frogs while I'm gone. PS, number two, the frogs like flies. Uncle Mort. And I'll stop that Marjorie, you mustn't cry. We'll have him back safe and sound in no time. There's nothing to worry about. How do you know? It says so right here in his letter. Excuse me, but I got breakfast waiting. Where's Leroy? Oh, Bertie. It looks like he's run away from home. Who, Leroy? Well, I don't believe it. It's just one of that boy's impractical jokes. Yeah, I don't think so, Bertie. He left a note. Well, there's no time to waste. We'd better start combing the tub. Yes, it's a lucky thing he hasn't any money. He won't be able to get very, oh my goodness, he's got his allowance in $2.90. What about a school savings bank? Here it is, and look, it's been blitz-cream. Oh, dear, that makes a lot of difference. It means he's got the means to go quite a distance. Oh, Uncle Mort, what are we going to do? Go right after him. So, which way will we go? Yes, which way will we go? Well, if it was me, I'd head south. Bertie, quit complaining about the weather and try to be some help. Now, where will we start? Oh, poor Leroy. If we don't find it... Now, Marjorie, you mustn't get excited. You must be keep calling Coom. I mean, cool and calm. I'll write down a few possibilities. This pencil won't write. That ain't no pencil. That's your cigar. Yeah? Well, then where's my pencil? You're smoking it. Hey, let's not get excited now, folks. Let me think. Oh, I know. There's only one way to head off our wandering boy. What's that, Uncle Mort? We'll have to notify the police. The police? Yes. They can send out a teletype all over the state and pick up Leroy before you can say calling all cars. Oh, but I hate to think of Leroy winding up in some police station.  Yeah? I don't like it myself, but there's a lot worse places he might land. Well, there's no time to lose. Come on, Marjorie. I better phone right now and tell him our little boy blew. Oh, deep. Why he ran away? I tried to figure it out, Marjorie, but it's a complete mystery to me. I keep asking myself, Rockmorton, what could you have done that you could have made Leroy run away from home? And then I keep answering myself. I don't know. Well, here goes. I hope we can keep it out of the papers. Yeah, stop being nervous, my dear. Just watch me. Yeah? Hello, police department? I wish to report a missing nephew. His name is Leroy Forrester. Yes. He's 13 years old, but he's tall for his size. I mean, he's old for his age. How tall? Oh, well, let me see. He comes about up to here on me. Oh. I forgot, officer. You can't see me. I meant he comes up up all to most of my shoulder. Yeah. How tall am I? What does that matter? I'm not lost. Is that so? No, she here, mister. Uncle, now don't get so excited here. Give me the phone. Yeah. Hello, police? My brother left home early this morning. The police department? Well, at last. We've been waiting around here on Tenderhooks. No, no. Tenderhooks. T-E-N. Never mind. Have you found him? Yes. Yes? Oh, well, that's something anyway. Thank you. Goodbye. Have you found Leroy, Uncle Mort? Not exactly. They've located a bakery wagon driver who gave him a lift out of town this morning in three cream puffs. Which way was he going? West, on the Watertown Road. In fact, Leroy told the man he was headed for Watertown. Then come on, Uncle Mort. That's where we're going. Yes. Maybe we can even find him before the police pick him up. Bernie, you stay here and answer the telephone whether the police or Leroy should call. Yes, then. I'll keep my ear glued to the bell and you keep your eyes glued to the road. Yeah. Now, take your time, Uncle Mort. Don't rush, though. I'm not rushing. I'm just trying to keep up with you. Are you sure you know the way to Watertown, Uncle? Oh, yes. I could drive to Watertown with my eyes shut. Sometimes I think that's the way you do all your driving. Yeah. This is the longest shortcut I've ever traveled on. You're right, Marjorie. And the next time you hear your Uncle Mort say I know a shortcut, please tap me on the skull with the nearest hammer. Oh, it isn't. It isn't your fault. You're only trying to save time getting to Leroy. Yeah. Oh. Sorry. I can't understand this. This road was all right the last time I traveled on it. When was that? Uh, let me see. It was the year I bought my Moon Roadster. Well, no wonder the road's bad. Must be 15 years since my Moon came over this mountain. Well, we should hit the Watertown Highway in another few minutes. Yes. And once we're on the main road, Oh. Oh. Oh, great jumping jeeps. Flat tire. Oh, dear. Look at that. A blowout. My last good tire, too. Will I remember Pearl Harbor? Have you got a spare? A spare? Oh, yes, here in the back. I'd better work fast if I want to get a change before dark, though. Uh, now, where is that key? Oh, no, that's the one to my locker at the YMCA. This one's for the padlock on my diary. Could this one? No, no. This one doesn't fit. What's wrong, Uncle? I can't find the key to the rear compartment. It won't open. I guess I'll have to break off the locks with a hammer. Oh, I hate to see you do that.  Oh, no, I can't. You can't? No, I just remembered. The hammer's in the rear compartment with a tire. Oh, now what do we do? Could you use a rock instead of a hammer? Oh, of course. It should be one somewhere around here. Always is when you don't need one. Oh, I found one. How's this, Uncle Munch? Oh, splendid. Yeah, that rock looks like it's been through a lot, including Mrs. Uppington's window. Yeah, thank you very much, my dear. I wish Leroy wouldn't run away from home. It's kind of hard on my autumn affair. Now, if I can pry up the lid, I've got it. Don't take me more than no palpitating priorities. Some scoundrel of a so-and-so stole my spare tire. Is this Slim's garage in Jacksonburg? Yeah, this is Slim speaking. Oh, well, my name is Gildersleeve Slim. I'm calling from, uh, Marjorie. What's the name of this place? Joe. From Joe's Club Dogs Good. I mean, Hog Hog's Place on the Watertown Road. Yeah, I know where you are. What's your trouble? I had a blowout about two miles back on the shortcut from Summerfield. They told me here you might be able to fix me up with a used tire and a tool. What size tire do you use? Uh, seven by 15. Those are scarce, brother. Haven't you got one? No. I might be... Tomorrow. That means I'll have to get somebody to drive me to Watertown tonight. What'll I do about my car? I'll send out and have a toad in here and try and get your tire in the morning. A toad in? Oh, that's fine. But I'll be coming back by way of Jacksonburg tomorrow. I hope. See you then. Goodbye. Oh, Marjorie, have you got that small change ready for me? Here you are, Uncle Mark. Oh, thanks. Hello, operator? Yeah? Oh, you've got that Summerfield number, huh? Oh, thanks. How much is it? All right, here it goes. Yes, bells even. A gill sleeve, President. Oh, hello, Bertie. This is Mr. Gildersleeve. Yes, but did you catch up with Leeroy yet? No, Bertie. We've had a blowout. Oh, that's bad. Yes, and somebody stole our spare tire. That's better. How about using that jalopy of yours? That's better to roll. But Bertie, we can't get another tire until morning.  Well, that's purely problematical, but I'm willing to take a chance that appeals to my important instinct. What do you mean, Bertie? Well, this heap of mine is strictly ultra-long. Well, take it easy, Bertie, but hurry up. Okay, okay. Where are you? We're at a hot dog stand called Hogs Inn. About 10 miles to the side of Jacksonburg. I'll be there faster than you. Not the shortcut. Go the long way around. It's much quicker. We'll hear from the great Gildersleeve again in just a moment. But first, I'm sure you mothers and housewives realize that you have a defense job, too. Yes, it's to serve your families plenty of good-tasting, nourishing food, food that builds your family's muscle and morale. Well, Parquet margarine, the delicious modern margarine made by Kraft, can be a big help to you in doing that job. You see, Parquet margarine is so downright delicious. It adds delicate extra flavor to all kinds of foods. Yes, serve it generously at the table. Use it in baking. It's a genuine flavor shortening. Use it as a seasoning for hot vegetables, for pan-frying, too. You'll find Parquet margarine's delightful flavor gives real lift to all your meals. What's more, Parquet margarine itself is so wonderfully good for your family. Parquet is a nourishing and wholesome energy food, and every pound contains 9,000 units of important vitamin A. So tomorrow, add delicious economical Parquet margarine to your shopping list. Remember, it's Parquet, P-A-R-K-A-Y, the margarine that's made by Kraft. Let's join the great fielders' leave again as he, Marjorie, and Bertie continue their search for the missing Leroy. Bertie, who did you buy this car from, Rochester? No, sir. My father gave me this car. He bought it around about the time Mr. Roosevelt was elected. I bet it was Teddy Roosevelt. Yeah, I wouldn't doubt that, Marjorie. It certainly is a rough rider. Please don't drive so fast. Please don't drive so fast, Mr. Gilles. When you go over 30 miles an hour, the windshield has a tendency to slip down into the driver's lap. Well, what does it do at 40? It don't do 40. And don't blow the horn because that blows the light. Well, if we don't go any faster than this, Leroy will have time to raise a beard and we'll never recognize it. Yes. The only way we can get there any faster is to get out of this thing and walk. We're doing all right. Look, this seems to be a city we're coming into. You think it might be Watertown? Oh, no, Bertie. Watertown's still 100 miles away. This must be Jacksonburg. Why, it's taken us half an hour to travel 10 miles. Slow down, Uncle Mort. It seems to be a wreck up ahead. Can't be any worse than this one we're in. Why, George, you're right, Marjorie. Hey, look at that truck on the wrong side of the street. Yeah, and there's a car turned upside down. Yeah, it was a proud uncle. You better go slower. I am. You just don't notice the change, my dear. Well, there's one fellow who won't have to worry about tires anymore. Tires. Maybe I better stop. What's wrong, Uncle Mort? Nothing. That car is the same model as mine. I can use those tires. Come on, let's find out. Excuse me, can I squeeze through, please? I just barely did. Thank you. Pardon me, Mr. Come on, Marjorie. Yeah. Well, by George, this is lucky. I was right. Those tires are 7 by 15. They are? Yes. The rest of the car is so badly smashed up I'll bet the owner will sell me one or two. Well, you better find and quit that tow car I might have hauled away any minute. Tow car? Oh, yes. I wonder who the owner is. No, it was all a truck driver's fault. You don't have to take my word for it. Look at the skid, Marjorie. Oh, hey, that must be the owner, Marjorie. Now, you two wait here. This is my golden opportunity. Why would I make my foot water when I think of a big truck like that too much down here? Excuse me, excuse me, sir. But could I talk privately to you for a moment? For me? Sure, sure. Come on over here. Oh, thanks very much. What is it, friend? Look, Mr., your car is wrecked. The only thing worth salvaging are a couple of the tires. But I need tires like that. But... You undoubtedly need money. But how much do you want for the two best tires? Oh, me? Yes, you, brother. How about $15 for the pair of? Now, wait a minute. Yeah, all right. That was just a feeler, bud. $20? $20, huh? What's the most you'll pay? $25, but $30 is positively as high as I'll go. Okay, give me the $30. Well, all right. Here you are. 10, 20, 25, 30.  I want the right front and the left rear. No, no, no. They're your tires.  I got a phone call to me. So long, Mr. and thanks. You're welcome, indeed. Oh, Marjorie, Ferdy. Yes, Uncle Moore? I made a deal with the owner of that wreck for two tires. We'll take them to Slim's garage and put them on my car. Okay, I'll get the tire tools out of my car. Yeah, come on, Marjorie. I want to show you what I bought. Excuse me, young man. Pardon me, sir. Are we lucky to find a wreck with the right size tires, Uncle Moore? Yes. Well, here they are. Not exactly new, but worth their weight and sugar these days. Here you are, Mr. Gil Sleeve. Now, be careful and don't break this wrench. Yeah, I won't. Because it's a very important tool. I not only use it to change tires, but also as the final and conclusive argument in traffic disputes. Oh. Yeah, I understand. I never took a tire off a car that was upside down before, though. This one's a little tough. Hold the wheel, Bertie. You hold the wheel and I'll unscrew the lug. Oh, all right. I guess holding the wheel is the harder job of the two anyway. Here. Can I help you, Uncle Moore? No, no. Bertie and I have it. Haven't we, Bertie? Yes, sir. Yeah.  Yeah, who said that? Oh, don't pay any attention, Uncle Moore. Just something fresh, fella. Yeah, by George. If I was sure which one popped off, I'd pop him. Here, here, Bertie. Let me do that. Boy, I got them all off already. Now, you just help me lift it down. Yes, of course. Here you go. What are you going to do now, Uncle? Go hook Rowland? Yes. Did you see who said that, Marjorie? Oh, never mind those street corner loafers, Uncle Moore. All right. No, no, Bertie. I'll take the other one off myself. Give me that tire wrench. Yeah, thanks. If there's any more remarks from the gallery, I'm going to unscrew a loose nut or two. That's a matter, boys. Cat got your tongue? Come on, Uncle Moore, we've got to hurry. Yes, of course. Hey, wait a minute. What do you think you're doing, buddy? Oh, hello, officer. I had a blowout this evening and no spare tire, and I happened to come across this wreck here, and it had the same size tires. Well, wasn't I lucky? I'll say you was until I arrived. What have you got to do with it? Well, if you weren't a nervious car stripper, I ever seen. Nervous car stripper I ever saw, officer. What do you mean I'm a car stripper? As if you didn't know. Standing there with your face, the picture of innocence framed in a stolen tire. Stolen? I bought these tires from the owner of this car. I've got witnesses. You boys saw me paying them, didn't you boys? I saw you talking to some guy, but he wasn't the owner of that car. How do you know he wasn't? Because he ran out of the pool room with the rest of us when we heard the crash. Oh, what? Did you mean that I was taken in?  Come on with me. Take your hands off of me, copper. I'll hammer you into an ashtray. No, no, no, Uncle Moore. Oh, Marjorie. You and Birdie better drive on to Watertown and keep a sharp look out for Leroy. I think I'm going to be detained here. All right, if you think that's best. Come on, buddy. We're going to join the station wagon set. Station wagon set? What do you mean? I'm going to phone the station to send over the wagon and then we'll be all set. Renison is a child, eh? I suppose you were just using those tires as teething rings. Yes. Sergeant, I bought those two tires. I paid for them. What's the use of trying to convince a numbskull fuzzy-brained flat foot? Are you insinuating that I'm a flat foot? If the shoe fits, wear it. I don't want to hang around this crooks' coop any longer. I want some action. Okay, you're going to get it.  You mean in the cell? Well, all our cells are full. I'm putting you in a detention room. But what's the difference between that and the cell? We put curtains over the bars. You can't do this to me. Who do you think I am? A common criminal? Yes.  What's your name? Uh, my name. What's my... Oh, yeah. Lem-E-C. Lem-E-C. Huh? Last name, S-E-E. Huh? Oh. Dumbbell. Lem-E-C, yeah. The E stands for Elmer. Okay, C. Okay, C. Yeah. Put C in the detention room. Okay. And you, mister? C is the name. Don't think you're fooling anybody, giving me a pony name like Lem-E-C. I know it's an A-list. Now run along. This way, buddy. Come on. Oh.  I have come clean.  In you go. Hey, kid, you got company. Oh, young man. Leroy. Uncle Moore. Gee, I'm glad to see you here. I'm glad to see you, too, my boy, but not here. Oh. You must have had a lot of pool with the police to get in to visit me. Oh, I forgot. You were the one who told them to pick me up. Yes, Leroy. We just couldn't let you run away from home like that. And this was the quickest way to get in touch with you. Well, let's get out of here and go home. Yes, let's get out of here. Oh, Leroy. I'm afraid we can't do that for a little while. But why not, huh? I'll explain later. Meanwhile, young man, I want you to tell me why you ran away from home. Oh, gee, Uncle Moore. All I was gonna do was enlist in the Navy. You in the Navy? Leroy, you're just 13 years old. Sure, but I'm awfully big to my age. Yes. And if I went to Watertown or someplace where nobody knows me, I bet I could get in. But why? In your note, you said you couldn't stand it any longer. Were you unhappy at home, Leroy? No.  I want to do my share. Well, that's a wonderful spirit, my boy. It makes me proud of you. But Uncle Sam can't use boys your age in the Navy. Oh, but I can work hard. I want to be in there. Oh, you just don't understand. I do understand, my boy. You think it's easy for me to watch younger men go off to fight our battles while I have to stay behind? Here we are. You're too young and I'm too old. But we each have a job to do. Every one of us. From the president to the boy in the school, Leroy. But, gee, Uncle Moore, right now school seems awfully trivial. Leroy is the millions of trivial things well done that's gonna win this war for us. Like the farmer who grows more food and the factory hand who produces more equipment and the housewife who makes everything go a little farther. Even the children who gather up waste paper and scrap iron. And all of us who buy bonds and contribute our time and money and prayers and inspiration. We're all in the army, Leroy. The army that stands back of our soldiers and our sailors and our fliers. The better we do our job, the sooner they're gonna finish theirs. Wake up. It's morning. I've been awake all night, Leroy. This mattress must be stuffed with old prisoners. And Leroy, just stop calling me Yunk. I don't want it ever known that Throckmorton P. Giller's leaves spent the night in the Calaboos, suspected of highway rubbery. Gee, we're both in a spot.  Oh, well, maybe they'll let me call Judge Hooker. If they do, shh, we're about to have a visitor. Okay, kid, come on. And bring your things. Your sister's outside to take you home. Gee, thanks. Well, so long, mister. Well, thank you, sonny. Wait a minute. Don't close that door, officer. I demand to see the desk sergeant. What, again? Oh, the last time, gee. They can't keep me here unless I'm charged. I know my rights. I didn't study commercial law in night school two years for nothing. Your sister's in the chief's office over there. Oh, hey, go ahead, sonny. I'm going to talk to sergeant. Hey, Sarge, he wants to see you again. What is it this time? Sargeant, either you release me at once or I'm going to sue you and Casey and the chief of police and the whole town of Jacksonburg for a million dollars a piece. Now, come down, mister C. I tried to trace the ownership of that car you stripped and the garage man who's got it now can't find the owner to sign a complaint against you. Oh, I should he. He got his tires back and I went out. Well, under the circumstances, I guess we'll have to release you. That's better. Lucky thing for you, too. How do you see there, mister? If anybody's lucky, it's you.  What guy are you talking about? The owner of that wrecked car. A fellow from Somerfield by the name of Throck Morton P. Gildersleeve. The great Gildersleeve will be with us again in a few minutes. But right now, I suppose some of you used margarine in the last war. Well, I don't know, of course, how you felt about margarine then but I do know that modern margarine is so much better that there's just no comparison. Take parquet margarine, for instance. The delicious modern margarine made by craft. Why one taste of parquet's delicate appetizing goodness will convince you how wonderfully delicious it is. Yes, in flavor and texture, parquet margarine is as different from old-time margarines as night is from day. You see, parquet margarine is made by craft and surely that's a guarantee of quality and fine flavor. Parquet is a wholesome vegetable margarine made by modern methods that just weren't possible in the old days. And to make parquet even better for you, craft adds important vitamin A to parquet margarine, 9,000 units to every single pound. So find out tomorrow how good modern margarine can be by trying delicious parquet margarine made by craft. Serve it at the table, use it for cooking, too, but be sure to ask your dealer for parquet, P-A-R-K-A-Y. It's the margarine made by craft. Sorry folks, our time's up. Good night. Original music heard on this program was composed and conducted by William Randolph. This is Jim Vannon speaking for the Craft Cheese Company and inviting you to be with us again next week at the same time for the further adventures of The Great Gilder Sleeves. This program came to you from Hollywood. This is the national broadcasting company.


OK. Thank you very much. So we're delighted to be at the ALT conference this year, sponsoring the meeting. Is there a sign-in sheet? So as I say, we're delighted to be here sponsoring the ALT conference with the application that is MeToo. I hope that you've managed to experience MeToo in some of the sessions or you've managed to pop by to our booth. I think it's booth number three. If you haven't then we'll be delighted to welcome you to present MeToo to you. So MeToo is powered by Loomey and another application that Loomey provides as well is something that we call Loomey AGM Mobile. Loomey AGM Mobile is used in corporate AGMs around the world, here in the UK obviously with FTSE 100 companies. It's used for associations and unions and of course what it is used for is to facilitate the legal voting at those meetings and also to conduct some moderated Q&A. So I hope you enjoy using the platform today and we'll facilitate this meeting. So Loomey AGM Mobile is available as MeToo is available on all platforms that is browser-based and that's obviously Safari, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer or it is a native application as well that is of course iOS and Android. So please feel free to either download the application if you have done so already then thank you or obviously access via the web browser. If you haven't downloaded the application now maybe probably the best thing to do is actually to go via the browser channel. It's a little bit quicker obviously without downloading an app and that is web.loomeyagm, that's L-U-M-I-A-G-M dot com. When you access the platform on whatever platform you do you will then be presented with the meeting ID number. That is a very specific meeting ID number that is for the ALT conference only. And that meeting ID number is on the screen there. It is 135656831. When you enter that meeting ID you'll then be asked for your username and password. The username I believe has been communicated to you via email that is your number. And then the password is a generic password for everybody and that is ALT underscore AGM 1616. All lower case. And when you access the platform you have then obviously authenticated yourself into the AGM and we will register your attendance. And then on the platform I hope you'll be able to experience on that info screen some very useful links to you that obviously are linked to BDF documents, minutes etc from previous meetings. And then of course you can vote. When we announce the resolutions you will see the voting options appear on your device. They will be pushed to your device and you will press obviously your desired choice by selecting that option. One for forward, two for against or to press the abstain option. There is another facility as well that is Q&A. Feel free to ask any questions via that platform or of course via the usual method a verbal question as well. And that will be moderated and then obviously passed to the top table here. So thank you very much and of course will help anybody who needs help. But I hope it's a very good experience for you. Thank you. Thank you very much, thank you. Okay now so on to item three. Approval of the minutes of the last general meeting. We've got two sets of minutes from 2015 because we've got two charities going. Is anybody here from who was here at the meeting last year? We need some people, excellent. And we need someone to propose and second both sets of minutes are okay. So propose a James Clay, thank you James. We need a second. Sheila, thank you. And on to item four. Matters arising from the minutes of the last general meeting. Are there any un-matters arising for anyone? We don't have any, there's no outstanding action. Okay. Item five, annual report and accounts for 2015-16. I'm just going to hand over to Daniel Clarke, who's our honorary treasurer and Nicola Cadwaladr Alts Auditor. Great, thanks Fiona. So very warm welcome to the AGM. I do remember the first time I attended being told that of the many exciting things that happen at Altsy. This may not be the most exciting but it is the one that is a legal requirement. Alts actually has to hold this meeting in order to exist. So thank you very much for being here and helping us to carry on for another year. Those of you who don't know me, this is my first year as honorary treasurer. My name is Daniel Clarke. I'm a chance to count on my background. I've worked in finance for a while, worked in your online education, been a member for several years. And took over last year from Hayden Blackie, who many of you will know who's now happily enjoying his well-earned retirement as the honorary treasurer. Now Hayden had to deal with some pretty slightly more difficult issues because last year, those of you who are here last year will know that Alts at that time had a few, there was a hole basically in the financial position caused by reduction in external funding, which most of you will be familiar with has happened across the sector. And the plan at that time for the trustees put in place was to ensure that Alts core activities were funded by core recurring, largely recurring income. So the core sort of funding requirement of Alts really is to do with staff and premises and related costs. And the core income is membership income, both individual and institutional. Also the conferences and to some extent the C-malt certification fees. Now what, if you look at the accounts for this year, or the year ended last January, what they show is that actually that strategy has been very successful. And ahead of our target, we have managed to establish a situation where those core funding needs are met by those core recurring income. So that's, can't take too much credit for that, that's mostly down to Hayden, the trustee team and the staff team, but that's a very pleasing result to be able to support. So the overall position in the financial statements are that we've achieved a surplus of £9,000 for this year, which is a really great result that shows we are financially stable. We are optimistic, looking at what's happened this year so far, that that stability will continue and that we will continue in that sort of position. I just wanted to make a couple of observations just based on my experiences as Treasurer over the last year that I just wanted to very quickly share with you. Firstly, the things really struck me, meeting Mawryn and the team and so on, is that ALT can seem at times like a very big organisation.  The core organisation is actually pretty small. It's a pretty small team in a room in Oxford working there, but manages to generate a huge amount of impact and that I think is partly testament to some very smart use of time and resources. It's also very much testament to you guys, to the membership of ALT, many of whom get involved with committees, get involved with local groups, get involved with the discussion group, do all sorts of things, because we all care about this whole issue. We put a lot into the organisation and get a lot out of it. So, it's just striking, with my finance hat on, to look at the accounts and see that the numbers aren't that big and yet it's an organisation that generates huge impact, so it just really struck me. The second point is a slightly more technical point, FMA. We went through a process this year of reviewing our audit arrangements and that resulted in appointing new auditors, David Cudwell-Donco, with Nicola Rezaff, audit partner, who's been incredibly helpful to us. It's been a really good change. At the time, it's worth at least considering the fact that the charity of ALT's size isn't legally required to have a full audit. We are small enough that we could do without it. There is a cost, a fairly modest cost, isn't it? There is a cost to it, but we think it's important. We think it's really important to have someone independent, trained, qualified, come in, review our finances, sign off that, in her opinion, they are true and fair, because that's part of our responsibility to show that we're being very transparent in how we handle resources, in how we use them, and that you can have assurance in our stewardship of those funds. We've asked Nicola to come along, and she's very kindly agreed to come in person and talk to you about the two sets of accounts and a few other issues. Following Nicola's presentation, we'll both be available to take any questions you might have about the finances. So, as Daniel said, and hopefully you've seen, there's two sets of accounts this year because there have been two charities operating in the era. I understand that the formal transfer from one to the other was done at last year's AGM. So, the old charity, with the charity number 1063519, has had accounts prepared showing the income and expenditure up to the date of transfer of September 9, 2015, and then it showed that all the funds got transferred over to the new charity at that date, and there's therefore nil balance sheet, nothing left in the old charity. So, just for completeness, those accounts would need to be filed with the charity commission as do the new ones. The new ones, however, have been prepared under what's called merger accounting, which means quite straightforwardly what they include is all of the income and expenditure for this year, the comparative show all of the income and expenditure for last year under the old charity, and the balance sheets are again comparable across the two entities, which I think is actually that's the requirement of the new sort, which is the statement of recommended practice for accounting for charities, and I think that probably makes sense for the layperson. It means that you can see, actually, irrespective of the change in the legal structure of the charity, you can compare like with like Daniel's taking you through the figures and giving you an overview of the way that they do compare with last year. I've audited both sets of accounts. Both sets of accounts have an audit report on them and both audit reports are absolutely clear, clean, unqualified, meaning that there are no issues that need to be brought to the trustee's attention and that, as Daniel says, that the accounts are true and fair. As part of our audit work, I'll do what's called a report to management, explaining any significant weaknesses that we find in the charities accounting systems and procedures and I'm pleased to report that there were no issues that I needed to report to the trustee's this year. So that's it really. I think it should be fairly straightforward and hopefully any questions? OK. OK, so so if there are no questions, we need to, the agent needs to approve the accounts and so I need a proposer for the motion to approve the accounts. Alison Clarke, thank you. Ben State, thank you. So the vote is now open. You should be seeing the resolution and the voting options on your device. Pause for five more seconds. Yes, and yes. The number of votes that you are allocated is in the system so you are voting on behalf of multiple votes in your one vote, yes. OK, it appears that everybody seems to vote. It's gone, the vote is now steady. So I'll close the vote. Thank you very much, thank you everyone. Item six now, the appointment of an auditor for the 2016-17 accounts and we propose that David, Cadwaladr and Co-Limited accountants of Chesterton be appointed as auditors. Can we have a seconder? OK, we can put that to a vote now. So the vote is now open. I can see you're all very quick that time so the vote is now steady. And I will close the poll now and the results are on the screen. The resolution reference appears on the top. So it says resolution two, which we are voting on now. OK, lovely, thank you. So that's approved, yep. OK, item seven, a brief verbal report from Marron and the award of honorary life membership. Oh, now I wanted to just say thank you to Pete for facilitating our voting that concludes the technically challenging part of the ATM and we appreciate your core operation in trialling this with us this year. Now, I have the privilege of giving you a very brief report as Alts Chief Executive and I wanted to start this year with talking about delivering our strategy. Fiona and I together and on behalf of the Board of Trustees wrote to you at the end of last year when we reviewed how much progress we had made in delivering the association strategy since its beginning and we're now only five, six months away from launching the next one and we've made outstanding progress in all of the different areas. But there is one in particular that I wanted to reflect on today with you particularly as we're here bringing together our community through the conference this year which is a phenomenal growth of members groups and also special interest groups across the UK. Many of you will know that this afternoon in fact in the last session a lot of our members groups are getting together yesterday the East Midlands members group has already met and as you can see our world domination is only one step away now with active groups all across the UK happening. Now while that is a wonderful development it also proposes real operational challenges and I think when Daniel said that we achieve a lot of impact with very little resource he was not exaggerating. So I wanted to point out my colleagues Jane Frankel who looks after our finance Jane if you wanted to give a little wave and say hello and also my colleague Anna David who is our events manager and will obviously be hosting you here today and last sitting in the front here is Tom Palmer who looks after our membership so hopefully all of you will know Tom and I think some of you will know that this is the first time that we have met each other and that we have met each other Tom and I think someone's hiding behind the screen so I'm not sure if you might be able to see him or not but invisible magic as always by our own Martin Hoagsy who's supporting the AGM live and enabling the streaming so all of us are very proud in the role we play alongside you and our Board of Trustees in what we deliver in the old strategy and it is very much an association powered by members and I think this should be our new strap line because a lot of what we do all across our publications from the blogs to the journals and we have a burgeoning count of blogs to a symposium that was hosted by government earlier this year when we talked about learning technology and further and higher education to a new portfolio sharing initiative for Seamult and then I pray you note official business that I now am a certified member I wanted to point out thank you very much so hopefully that will give me and my colleagues an even better understanding of how to support you but it's not to be underestimated the power we have as a community and I feel we've had a very bleak summer not necessarily in learning technology but in general in the UK with a lot of upheaval to come and our strategy for the next three years starting in February 2017 it's not just going to have to re-emphasise our values of openness of colour aberration and of community that can sometimes feel like they are on the threat but also ensure that on an operational footing we are on a safe and secure established base so that we can make sure that learning technology really goes from strength to strength not just into the mainstream but also supporting learners and teachers across all the different education sectors that we need to be about so I think this is a pivotal time for us for the next few months and we have opened a suggestion box for the strategy in case we need your bright ideas but also Tom's put suggestion box forums on the outstand so that you can contribute yourself and we hope very much to hear from you and every single one of you has a unique perspective experience from your institution your career, your professional experience that we need to benefit from to represent you at our most powerful, at government level nationally and internationally we need to hear from you so please do come and tell us all feedback is what we really need to get done back but now a last item to report on I haven't had the privilege of reporting on since 2012 when we celebrated Seb Shmuller, our last chief executive, my predecessor so this year it is a special privilege to be presenting two awards the first one is the 2016 award of honorary life membership of the association for learning technology and I put some quotes up from the nomination that I'm going to read out I hope I've obscured a little bit of who it might be so that attention should rise now appropriately a highly internationally respected scholar whose contribution to research and policy has been highly influential also their long-term involvement in developing the academic quality of the network learning conference as a member of the scientific community has been outstanding of note is their determination to support the emerging community through their approachable supportive nature for junior colleagues and the net generation project illustrates impact in influencing national policy what makes this nominee exceptional? it is rare to see such a collection of warm and glowing tributes from such an impressive range of colleagues for one person as soon as we made it known that we were putting together this nomination we have been inundated by people keen to contribute and indeed I could have filled 10 slides with the feedback that we received so after careful consideration by the panel of trustees who oversaw the selection process this year we are very pleased and proud to announce that the 2016 honorary life membership of ALT goes to Professor Chris Jones please give him a round of applause thank you very much that's possibly the most embarrassing minute or two that I've had for a long time one of the things I've got to say is a really big thank you to Liverpool University colleagues who nominated me because just being nominated was in all thin a way because the fact that somebody thought of putting me forward really made me very pleased indeed so you can imagine how pleased I was when I got an email saying you can't tell anyone which was very difficult as we had a North West England meeting in the intervening period between getting that email and arriving here so I had to keep my mouth short which was extremely difficult for me as some of you will know it's really important to me to get this also because this is one of the communities that I'm most value so all my academic career I've been a member I think an individual member for most of the time and a corporate member for those early years when I wasn't an individual member and it's been extremely important for me as an academic who's working primarily in that field to have this reference group a lot of the people who've done masters and doctoral qualifications that I've been involved with are now part of this community and I think that's really really important we keep that link the journal is an excellent example of maintaining that link and the conference is another excellent example of how we keep that link between academic work and the solid work of the practitioners in this community so very very pleased to get this thank you very very much now you might think that was excitement enough but last year there was also a nomination and the award which was made unanimously had to be deferred because the individual for the first time in our history was ineligible to be awarded in that particular year however they are this year and so retrospectively for 2015 we will make a second award today now I have to say while I really struggled to fit all of Chris's plaudits on to PowerPoint I struggled to fit these quotes on to less than a book because this individual I feel ill-qualified to introduce having contributed to leading thinking in the sector and across all sectors of education for several decades from a beginning as a maths lecturer going on to publish more publications than I can possibly mention and research papers including an outstanding first book called Rethinking University Teaching a conversational framework for the effective use of learning technologies which might give those of you who read these books a bit of a clue which carried on with Sir Conment to government's education department at the time we might have come full circle in that respect again developing a cross sector e-learning strategy of world first which I think we would still benefit from today if we only had such a thing but I think the personal qualities as well as their outstanding academic research and policy achievement on a national and international level is what make this individual member such a worthy recipient because in a community where we value collaboration so highly where support particularly for young career researchers for women for different sectors is so crucial they have made the biggest impact highly respected by researchers, practitioners and government alike and someone whose passion for supporting teachers and learners is a driving force for change in the sector personally I feel very humbled that we have her here today as we nominate Diana Laurellard for our honorary life membership I don't know what you mean Chris embarrassing, God it really is isn't it and I have to say I was just so delighted when I heard about this and I've had to keep it secret for a year I mean just imagine that I've been I've been in this field for as long as I can remember and my memory isn't that good but it seems pretty much like a lifetime I've certainly been a member of Alt for all of its life you've got me for life and for you to take the trouble to give me an honorary life membership is just wonderful and I really thank you for that because as Maron said the relationship that I've had with Alt has been so important in each stage of the different bits of my career involving learning technology and right from Alt's very inception around the time that I was in the Department for Education and Skills trying to put together this cross sector e-learning strategy having Alt there and Seb there to power along and make the debate and make the case for what we were trying to do was so important and ever since then and the recent collaboration that we've had with Alt to put together the first MOOC on blended learning for the AFI sector it's all been so important and the reason that you stay passionate that everybody here stays passionate I think is that we all understand that there's nothing more important than education for world peace and prosperity there is nothing more important than education for that and if you've got such a big idea such a big ambition you've got to use technology to help you do it there's nothing more important to be working on in this world than learning technology and the association helps us to do that so thank you so much and thank you so much for this great honour I'm absolutely excited right now after I have nothing to top that it just leaves me to say thank you for your support over the last year together with my colleagues we were very hard to do the best for our community we were very proud to serve you so I hope that you enjoyed the rest of the conference and I'll hand back over to Fiona to continue the business of the AGM thank you ok that's lovely so now it's on to item 9 the election to trustee vacancies and it's time to announce the results of the election first of all a vice chair for the association an ex-officio member of the committee who will become chair in 2017 and president in 2018 and it's our absolute pleasure to announce that Sheila McNeill has been elected unopposed well done Sheila and secondly we have two individuals to serve for three years as trustees of ALT from September this year we've got two trustees who are Bella Abrams and Lorna Campbell so again congratulations to all of you so I'm just going to invite Martin weller to come up with me right now who is the chair of ALT from this meeting yeah we're singing our way we also thought it would be very appropriate at this moment normally what would happen is the president would hand over to the chair and that would have worked but unfortunately we just thought it would take a moment to remember that Doug Gowan sadly passed away in February this year we're very very sad about that obviously but we want to remember him today we thought we'd just take a moment to show a couple of slides representing his work for us as ALT we're very fond of ALT he was very significant in the work that we did he was very supportive of Marin for a long time working very closely with her and for a short time with me but we did get to work with him so it was very very important that we should recognise his contribution here he would be with us I'm sure so in memory of Doug Gowan we are launching a fund to support 10 individuals from the learning and skills sector to achieve sea malt accreditation first as a sea malt holder and later as a trustee of ALT Doug took an active interest in the development and scheme to recognise it's important for individuals in the learning and skills sector in particular so we just thought if we just put our hands together now just to say thank you to Doug for allowing us to do this in his memory obviously you can see there that Ella Elgarabiti will be up there and published on our website but yeah so anyway so I think that concludes our AGM on a slightly sad note but we're very happy with the new members so that's a good thing ok so thank you all very much for attending thank you


At Audiology Associates of Prestonsburg, you can live your life the way you want and find the freedom of better hearing. With 40 years of being in the hearing care industry, you'll experience patient care that is specific to you with exceptional follow-up care that ensures your hearing and balance needs are being met. Audiology Associates at 1428 Northlake Drive in Prestonsburg. On Saturday, October 21st, Jenny Wiley State Resort Park will be hosting their second annual Trunker treat. The free event welcomes children of all ages for an evening full of Halloween fun beginning at 6 p.m. at the community pool area. Over 20 local vendors will be in attendance to make sure everyone gets enough candy. Well, this is actually our second annual trucker treat. We started this last year. This year, we are actually having it at the old community pool here on the park near Stratton Branch. We currently have over 20 participants and that's all local vendors. That can be everything from local stores that you know, local restaurants, and we still have plenty of room. If anyone else wants to join to come out and be part of that and the kids are welcome, it's free. There's no charge. Last year, I think we had four to five hundred kids and we look forward to having more this year. Once the sun goes down, visitors can go on a haunted pontoon ride followed by a haunted house. For more information, contact Jenny Wiley at<PHONE_NUMBER>. We're actually having our haunted pontoon ride right after. So if anyone wants to stick around for that as starting as soon as it gets dark, which is usually around 8-8-30, it's going to be a lot different this year. In the past, people have gotten on the pontoon. They've gone to different scenes and then they've come back and got off the pontoon. This year, we're actually going to take you to put you on the pontoon, take you to different scenes. But when we bring you back, we're actually going through a haunted house now that we're using at the community pool. So that is directly after and we will have a small concession stand set up with that. Reporting for Mountain Top News, I'm Nick Colum.


Welcome to class 19, topics in power electronics and distributed generation. In this class, we will look at a couple of examples. These are homework problems for the students in class. We will look at one problem on grounding and a second problem on distribution system, equipment, protection and coordination. So, in the first problem, we have a secondary distribution system, which is essentially at the consumption point, essentially 415 volts distribution of length 1 kilometer. We have a couple of major loads on this distribution, which is load 1 and load 2. The source is delta y transformer with the y point solidly grounded. Each grounding is solidly grounded, but the ground resistance to deep earth is about 4 ohms, which is essentially the resistance between the earth electrode and the soil to deep earth. You have parasitic capacitance to ground for the lines and that is 2 micro farads per kilometer. You have a DG now connected at load 2. Potentially, it could be for providing power or for power quality reasons. You have added a DG and that is grounded through a resistor R DG. So, if you look at this particular example, this is essentially if you ignore the DG for now. This is essentially a T T secondary distribution, where the source is grounded directly to tera earth. Each load has its own grounding electrode and load 1 and load 2 is connected. The earth, the ground wires are connected to earth, but if you look at the DG, the DG is connected at load 2 with a resistance. So, overall you can see that this is a system, which has both T T aspects to it and also high resistance grounding aspect to it. So, in a actual system, it is actually possible to have multiple grounding options present in the same system depending on what exactly your objectives are. So, the first problem is to look at what happens if you have a single line to ground fault in load 1 and what is the resulting fault current seen at circuit breaker 1 and circuit breaker 3, through which the DG is interconnected and you want to see whether there is any increase in fault current due to the addition of the DG. .. So, if you look at this problem, you have the system parameters. So, you have the source, which is 1 MVA 415 volt. So, its base impedance would be 172 milli ohms and we are told that the leakage inductance of the transformer is 4 percent. So, this corresponds to 0.04 into 1.722 or 6.89 milli ohms. So, 7 milli ohms is the impedance from the reactance of the transformer. If you look at the DG, the Z base for the DG is 200 kVA DG. So, its base resistance is base impedance is 0.86 ohms and you have the effective leakage of the DG being about 10 percent. So, that corresponds to 86 milli ohms. So, next we could look at the case for the first case we look at the situation when there is no DG connected. So, if you have a single line to ground fault, your equivalent sequence network would be and your source is grounded through and you have the earth impedance coming in between which is 4 ohms. So, 3 times 4 would be 12 ohms seen from the source side and when you have a fault occurring within load 1, essentially the path for the fault current is through this electrode through the system out into load 1 into the frame of load 1 connected through the grounding wires into the ground electrode that would also have a 4 ohm resistance equivalent grounding resistance. So, you could calculate your fault current we are neglecting the 7 milli ohms which is much lesser than the 12 ohms. So, you have a fault current of about 30 amps. So, then next case is when you have the DG also connected. So, when you have the DG connected you now have your sequence network which would have 2 sources one is your original source and you have the DG and if you look at the zero sequence network you have the grounding resistance of the DG which is 1500 ohms. So, in your sequence network you would have 3 times that which is 4500 ohms plus the grounding resistance of 12 ohms at load 1 and you have 4 ohms at the source which shows up as 12 ohms equivalent and you have I f by 3 flowing through the circuit and again you can see that the milli ohms can be neglected compared to the 12 ohms and 4500 ohms. So, I f by 3 which is the parallel combination of these 2 resistance circuits. So, you get I f equal to 30.04 amps which means that the increase in current seen because of the DG increase in fault current seen because of the DG is about 40 milli ohms. So, you can say that there is almost no change in the current level because now you have added the DG for a single line to ground fault. So, the question is to figure out what is the current seen by breaker 1 and 3 and so to calculate that we will have to look at your sequence quantities. So, if you look at your current flowing through the circuit you have this would be I a s 1 in circuit breaker 1 and this would be your I a in circuit breaker 3. So, similarly you can find the sequence currents in the branches of this particular circuit. So, you have the overall current. So, you have to find out how the current splits between these 2 branches. So, you could find out the share of current for the positive sequence, negative sequence and zero sequence. So, you could do that calculation. So, you get I a s 1 positive sequence through breaker 1 is. So, here you have 2 parallel reactance of 86 milli ohms and 7 milli ohms. So, the breaker would be 9.26 amps I a negative through C b 1 would be the same a similar calculation you will get 9.26 amps I a zero sequence through C b 1 would be. So, in case of the split over here again 12 ohms and 4500 and 512 ohms is much larger than the 7 and 86. So, you could take your current split as. So, you can then calculate your I a s 1 by going from the sequence to phase transformation.  So, this is 28.5 amps flowing through phase a of circuit breaker 1. So, to calculate the current flowing through phase a of circuit breaker 3 you have. So, if you then calculate what your I a through C b 3 is this is the sum of these 3 currents. So, you have about 1.5 amps flowing through the circuit. So, at this point you have calculated what would be the current flowing through C b 1 and C b 3 because of a fault in load L 1. So, the next problem is to see what would be the touch potential for a person say standing at load 1 or load 2. So, if some person is touching some electrical equipment whether that person would feel a shock when such a fault has happened. So, the first thing we look at is touch potential without the D g. So, at L 1 this would be the fault current going into the fault times your z of your grounding which is 30 amps into 4. So, 120 volts is what would be seen by a person at load 1. So, you have a fault over here and you have a person say touching the frame then because of the resistance between your ground wire and the earth electrode this frame gets elevated with respect to ground. So, the person touching at would see a shock of about 120 volts. If you have another person now at second location touching this particular frame with respect to the local earth over there there is no current flowing in which. So, the person would not see a shock at load 2. So, next we could look at what happens when the D g is there we saw that when the D g is there there is actually a small increase in current that flows through the fault. So, with D g the same about 120 volts. Now, if you look at at L 2 you have about if you look at the 0 sequence current it was about 30 milliamps into 12 ohms is what is flowing through the into the ground at load 2 when you had the D g. So, you get about 0.5 volts at the second location. So, you would hardly feel it this is slight increase in potential, but not much. So, the next question is to consider say the situation where because of the fault in load 1 if breaker C b 1 opened then what would be the current flowing through if you want to see whether C b 1 would open you want to look at the current flowing through switch S 1 considering the fact that you have. So, the question is what is the current flowing through the fault after C b 1 opens. So, what is the change in fault current and what is the effect of considering the parasitic capacitance of the of the line when you are doing such a calculation. So, if you look at the parasitic capacitance it is 2 micro farads. So, your x c is 1 by 2 micro farads to 2 pi 50 this is 1592 ohms. So, if you are modeling it you could model it as a as a y connected capacitors of reactants 1592 capacitive reactants 1592 ohms between each line to ground. So, in your sequence diagram for the single line to ground fault after the circuit breaker opens. So, you have now your positive sequence which is your negative sequence. So, you can calculate your fault current level with the parasitic capacitance and that would be 240 volts divided by 12 plus if you look at the effective circuit that is going to be limiting the current. Here you have 86 milli ohms in parallel with 1592 ohms. So, it is practically just 86 milli ohms. Here again you have 86 parallel 1592 practically it is 86 and then if you look at the 86 in series with numbers like 4500 and 1592 you have to consider just 1592 and the parallel combination of those two network. So, you would have you get a magnitude of your fault current to be about 0.48 amps about half an amp would flow through the fault point. Whereas, if you look at if x c is ignored your magnitude of your fault current is about 160 milli ohms. So, you can see that there is a substantial difference in the fault current especially if you have a ground fault measurement device on your on your equipment. If you neglect the parasitic capacitance you would see you would expect a smaller current, but because of the parasitic capacitance the actual current would be typically be higher especially when you have high resistance grounding.  So, some of these levels can actually be used to set how sensitive your ground fault trip devices ground fault fault current interrupting devices to what level of sensitivity you need to set them. So, the next problem is to look at. So, after circuit breaker opened what would be the subsequent voltage seen on a conductor to ground on a conductor to ground basis. If you look at the sequence network that we previously had. So, you could then look at what would be the voltage across the each of your sequence network points. So, you have 240 volts minus the drop is J 86, 86 milli ohms into 0.48 amps which is the fault current level divided by 3. So, this would be your current flowing through that particular network. So, this is roughly equal to 240 volts. So, I A plus is roughly 240 volts. If you look at V A minus this is the voltage across these two points because of the 0.48 amps fault current that is flowing and you can see that 0.48 amps will cause a very small drop across the negative sequence network. So, this is roughly equal to 0 and V A 0 is roughly equal to minus 240 volts because the voltage drop along that loop has to add up to 0. So, if you look at your voltage the voltage on which your fault has occurred that drops to 0 and V B is approximately your line to line voltage and we see a sub also having a magnitude of your line to line voltage on a conductive to ground basis. So, the next question is what type of relay can be used to actually detect the fault currents and respond in to operate under such a condition. So, if you look at the fault current level we saw that the fault current level is of the order of 30 amps. So, the order of 30 amps when the fault occurred in load 1 and if you look at the rating of C B 1 is it is 1 M V A divided by root 3 into 4 15. So, you are talking of something of the order of 1400 amps. So, it would definitely not trip under over current. So, if you want to trip in such a situation you would need a device which actually measures residual currents and trips in response to that. So, if you look at the ideal situation it may not be that C B 1 has to open in response to a fault in load 1 a better situation might be that you want to open the particular load at which the fault occurred. So, C B 2 should open in response to a fault in load 2 again it depends on whether C B 2 has the ability to measure residual currents. If you have C B 2 load corresponding to a power level of the order of 10 K B A then you might have circuit breakers which are rated for 15 amps and 30 amp short circuit current might cause a 15 amp breaker to trip may be in a few cycles not on an instantaneous basis. But, if you have load L 1 which is now 30 kilowatts or higher then again the current rating of the load would be higher than the fault current level. So, you have a possibility that you might have a load and because your breaker may not be equipped to measure residual current you might stay with fault for a longer duration and cause potentially overheating of conductors etcetera. So, you have to look at what your specific rating is what your fault current is and ensure that you have protection against overheating or sustained long term operation under faults. So, in the next problem you are looking at distribution system protection and coordination. So, we have system the source at say the substation end and we look at three devices one is a circuit breaker closer to the substation and then you have a recloser further downstream and then you have a fuse you have four buses and you have loads at each individual bus and you are for the protective devices you are given parameters for the circuit breaker it is extremely inverse with p equal to 2 you are given at a and b parameters b is the definite time delay that you might expect the pick up current level and the reset time of the circuit breaker. The recloser over here has been considered to include two aspects one is the recloser might have its own intrinsic circuit breaker type of operation programmed into its whether it is relay action and also it has on and off durations as soon as a fault occurs it stays on for 100 milliseconds then it shuts off then it recloses for a duration of t c 1 then it shuts off again for 6 seconds then it recloses again for a duration of t c 2 and looks at whether the fault has cleared by that particular duration of time. So, this is a two recloser recloser it also has a underlying circuit breaker c b r with a b and p values as given with the pick up current and the reset time for the fuse you are given melting current level of 105 amps i square t with some tolerance range around the nominal and minimum melt time of 100 milliseconds. So, that could be considered as its definite time delay you are also given that it takes 90 seconds for the fuse to cool down after it gets heated up you are told that upstream of bus 3. So, the conductors in the region between bus 1 and 2 and 2 and 3 has a i square t level of 30 mega ampere square second and the bus downstream of between 3 and 4 has a i square t of 7.5 mega ampere square second. So, that could be used to determine the settings of the components to see whether you are adequately protected you are also given the load current level. So, the load at bus 1 is 50 amps at bus 2 is 60 amps and 3 and 4 it is 70 amps each and based on the parameters of the circuit someone has done say a fault study and found out what the maximum or the typical maximum level of fault current is the minimum might corresponded to some particular fault configuration could be a single line to ground fault with some grounding impedances etcetera. So, you are given a fault current range to that could be expected at each of those buses. So, the problem is first to plot the trip time of the protection device versus current of the circuit breaker this circuit breaker at the street closer and for the fuse in a range from 100 amps to 10 kilo amps. So, to do that we have to look at the parameters of the protective devices. So, for the C B if the current is greater than the pickup current level of the circuit breaker which is 300 amps you have your trip time else when it is lesser than 300 amps during reset T reset is 20 by and what will take is if your nominal current is much lesser than 300 amps this is we can take it as just 20 seconds the pickup current.  So, if you look at that particular point your reset time is of the order of 36 seconds, but we will assume that the reset time is constant value of about 20 seconds. So, next for the C B R and finally for the fuse. So, for the nominal fuse we have for current greater than the melt current your I square T is a I melt square. So, you can evaluate what your equivalent A is and this is for the nominal fuse 2 into 10 power of 6 divided by. So, you could think of it as a equivalent A B C A B P parameters. So, your T melt as a function of current is plus a definite time of 100 milliseconds your cool down time and you could plot this. So, what is shown over here is the characteristics of the circuit breaker at closer to the substation than the recloser and for the fuse and you can see that the nature of the characteristics. So, you have almost a flat line over here, but then closer to the definite time characteristics it the curve starts flattening out. If you look at the fuse you have the nominal curve for the fuse and then plus 20 percent I square T or minus 20 percent I square T. So, it shows up as a band around the nominal curve in the range of interest. If you look at the reset curve you can see that the reset time also increases as you get closer to the melt time, but for many practical calculations you can take it to be roughly a constant number. So, the next question is to identify the zones of protection of each device and check the devices are coordinated in the specified current range for the fault in the zones that are being considered. So, you can see that the zones that would be considered would be from one protective device up to the next device where the next device would be expected to protect in the zone immediately downstream of that. So, for example, the circuit breaker one would protect up to the recloser plus may be including a fault at the recloser itself. Then R would be able to protect up to the fuse including a fault at the fuse itself. Then you would have the fuse protecting up to bus 4 and further downstream of bus 4 would be the whatever load is connected the load itself would have its own protective devices. It is not mentioned in the problem what it is, but it would have its zone corresponding zone. So, you could identify zone 1, 2, 3, 4 for systems such as this. So, the next question is to check if the protection systems are coordinated. So, what you have to do is you look at your trip curves corresponding to the maximum or the fault current in the ranges. So, for example, for CB 1 it was you are looking at 3500 amps to 9.2 kilo amps. So, you might be talking about some current in some range such as this. So, you are looking at each range would the curve in the zone upstream zone be lying above the curve corresponding to the downstream zone. So, actually plotting these protective characteristics in a time versus current curve gives you a good feel for whether it is coordinated what the margins are etcetera.  So, in this particular case for a fault in zone 1 if you look at your fault current level and your trip time of CB. So, for a fault in zone 1 obviously, the only device to protect over there is CB for a fault in zone 2 you can see that in the specified range CBR is much faster than CB. So, you have the adequate coordination. Similarly, you could then go further down. So, if you look at in the range that was being considered like you can see that whatever is the range you have sufficient clearance between these curves that is essentially what you are looking for. Similarly, you could look for other fault ranges. So, if you are looking at fault in zone 3 you are looking at about 1.4 to 2.1. So, again in this range you are looking at now the clearance between your fuse and your CBR and again you can see that even with the tolerance you have adequate clearance between the fuse and CBR. So, you have adequate coordination between your CB, CBR and the fuse. So, overall they are reasonably well coordinated. So, the next question is would these devices give adequate backup protection. So, what you could consider is if for some reason R fails would CB provide backup protection in the sense that would zone 1 itself be protected when R fails and would zone 2 also get some degree of protection or would is there a possibility that falls over here can propagate over to zone 1. Similarly, if for some reason fuse fails to melt and then would R provide backup protection to zone 3. So, if you look at fault in zone 2 and failure of CBR then you the device that is providing backup protection is CB. So, you could look at the maximum fault current level in for a fault in zone 2 is 3.5 and the minimum is 2 and you could look at what would be the trip time of circuit breaker for that particular level of fault. Then look at what the i square t level would be and you can see that this is now less than the 30 M mega ampere square second for the contactors of zone 1 and zone 2. So, you can see that the fault in this region and the failure of one particular device to operate is being backed up by a upstream device and not just that the fault will not propagate to zone 1 zone 2 itself is entirely protected by the CB also in this particular case. So, similarly if you look at the situation where you have a fault in this particular region and say the fuse F fails to melt then you can see that the device that would now give you the backup protection is R. So, you could look at the maximum and minimum fault current for a fault in this particular zone. Look at the trip times of this particular device protective device and look at your i square t level corresponding i square t level and this is now less than 7 mega ampere square second. So, it does provide backup protection for a fault in zone 3 also you could also look at a situation where say suppose you have a fault in zone 4 even though you do not know what is the protective device being used in zone 4. If that device fails to protect would you have backup because of the fuse F 1. So, you can look at the maximum and the minimum fault current range and look at what is the i square t level and you could again see that in this particular case the resulting i square t is less than the 7 mega ampere square second required for this particular zone.  The next question is what is the margin available for between the tripping times for between the actual operation of the device and the upstream device. So, if you look at for a fault in zone 2. So, a fault in this particular region if you look at the tripping times of the circuit breaker it is about 1.89, 5.79 seconds of the CBR is 0.58. So, in terms of time you are having a margin of greater than 1.3 seconds. Similarly, for a fault in zone 3 your trip time of CBR is of the order of 1.56 and 3.49 seconds whereas, the melt time of the fuse is about 0.65 to 1.33 seconds. So, you have a margin of greater than say 4 cycles. So, it is more than a typical instantaneous trip settings of a circuit breaker. So, you have lesser possibility of some race condition causing a upstream device from operating when a downstream device should have operated. So, in the next class we will look at the question of what are the objectives of the coordination between the recloser and the circuit breaker. Similarly, between the recloser and the fuse and look at the settings calculations and what could be done for coordination and what would happen when DG unit is added to such a system. Thank you.