When the relationship ends. The narcissist does this. When the relationship ends. The narcissist becomes unduly concerned with trivial matters. Things that are of little value and importance. They become small-minded and spiteful. They show rigid opinions at a narrow outlook. They become very mean. They hold grudges. They become very bitter and resentful towards you. Because they believe that they have been treated unfairly. Because they did everything they could to not fail. To not experience a lack of success. So when the relationship comes to an end. They get very angry. Because despite everything you did for them. They were very ungrateful. Which is why they become so bitter and resentful. At the end of the relationship.  After you have been dealing with the narcissist. And they have exploited you. You may also experience resentment. And you may feel upset about everything you have lost. But with the narcissist. It eats away at them. It has a dramatic effect on them. Because when they targeted you. They targeted you based on your good qualities. There must have been something good about you. Otherwise the narcissist wouldn't have wanted anything to do with you. So they targeted you. They got what they wanted out of you. But then when they lose you. They don't know how to deal with that. They don't know how to deal with failure. The purpose of them controlling their environment. Is so that they don't have to deal with failure. Because they cannot deal with the emotions that come along with that. So when they do fail. When they do lose you. They hold on to you. They become bitter. They get angry. They become very resentful. But then they will act like they've moved on. And they're happy without you. When it's really just another part of the illusion. It's the love-bombing phase all over again. Only now. You're seeing it from the outside. Because this time they're using it to hurt you. But beneath the facade. The reality is that no narcissist is ever happy. The reason they act that way. Is because they're constantly in pain. It's because they're unhappy and unfulfilled. That's what fuels their disorder. They're envious and jealous of you. Because they're dissatisfied with their lives. So they're never happy. Because they always feel like they lack something. When the relationship ends. They will try to replace you. But it's not so easy for them to find someone who is as good as you are. Which is why they become so bitter when they lose you. Because they know they're not going to find someone as good as you. And it just eats away at them. They become self-destructive. And it may even affect the people around them. They become bitter to other people. Anyone who gets in their way. Becomes a victim of circumstance. Because there is something going on inside of them. They're not happy. When you throw away your garbage. You don't care about where it's going. You don't care about what happens to it. But if you throw away something of value. It's going to affect you. You're going to be chasing after that item. You're going to want it back.  It will have an effect on you. Because even if you try to replace it. It's not going to be the same. It's not going to have that sentiment of value. So when they do lose you. They're going to feel regret. They're going to experience disappointment. Because they get hurt easily. It doesn't take much to affect them. And they're always putting themselves in situations where they're destined to fail. Which inevitably causes them to build up failure after failure. But they never take accountability for where they find themselves. They blame everyone else. They attack everyone. Because they're very unfulfilled people. And they don't know how to correct the situation. They don't make the necessary changes. So they repeat the same mistakes again and again. While expecting to get a different result. Because they're very delusional. They lie to themselves so that they can escape reality. They put themselves in a fictitious state of being. So that they can mask and medicate the real issue of what is wrong with them. So they might say that they're doing great. They might say that they're happy. But really. They're miserable. Narcissists are never happy. They never feel at peace with themselves. There's always something going on in their minds. There's always something preventing them from being at rest. Which is why they always want to keep you on edge. They always want to keep you off balance. Because whenever they see you in a state of peace and harmony. They get very envious and jealous. Because they can't experience that. They're very bitter and resentful people. Which is why they contaminate and corrupt anything that they're coming to contact with. Which is why you feel like you can't escape their negative energy. Because they need access to you all the time. They need a positive person there. To filter out all of the garbage. Without a positive person there to do that. They would break down. Because to get rid of all of their toxicity. They need to have a victim. They can't deal with it on their own. They don't want to deal with it. They don't want to go back clean up all of the mess they've made over the last 20 or 30 years. Because they've got a mountain of garbage. They don't want to deal with having to clean it up. They would rather just lay in their own filth. And then bring other people into it. I'd expect them to put up with it. Because once you have been around them long enough. Eventually you will become toxic. They're never going to change. They like their disorder. They like the way it operates. If they didn't have it. They wouldn't know where to start. They wouldn't know how to live. They wouldn't know what to do. They would probably go insane. Once you've identified that you are dealing with a narcissist. You need to move away from them. You need to move to a healthier place. Because if you're constantly engaged with someone who is bitter, resentful and petty. Eventually it will have an effect on you. You will begin to operate primarily from that same type of energy. You will experience anxiety and depression. You will experience dissatisfaction with life just as they do. Because as long as you're around them. All they're going to do is blame you for their difficulties and failures. Because they are trapped in a prison of their own making. And accountability is the only thing that will set them free. But they choose to run from the difficulties and problems that they have created. Which is why they cannot change the situation. Because they are completely delusional. You cannot reach them. Because every time you try to bring logic to the situation. They're twisting it in their minds. They're interpreting it in a different way. Because they're in a state of illusion. And illusions will always beat strength and determination. Fantasies can be very powerful once you start to believe in them. But when the relationship ends and they're brought back to reality. Their bitterness and resentment just ends up destroying them. But they don't understand why. Instead they would rather point the finger at everyone else. Which is the very thing which ends up destroying them in the end. Thank you for watching. I hope this video resonates with you. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. If you would like to donate. My PayPal link is in the video description. Coaching inquiries. You can email me at coaching.naugtifivert.co.uk. Thank you for watching and I'll talk to you soon.


So let me introduce you to the kit that I'll be using today. I made this kit myself I will put this in the shop when you see this is already be in the shop I've already gotten the pictures taken. Of course, they'll be better, of course Well, this is mine. I ran out of premium paper when I made this kit and this is on the Make sure this is the right side. Yeah, this was made on the regular mat removable mat But I'll be offering on the premium mat And this is for the B6 and it's basically like one page and then for the Aaron Conjuring you get six pages You have your monthly header again This is now this was printed on the premium paper So you get October expenses weekly check-in and income now I made these to fit my needs when I do put it in my Etsy shop I will you know, make sure that there's some way that you can maybe send me a message If there's something especially you want me to add and then here's Columbus Day Halloween And here are the little boxes for the empty spaces.  Oh, yeah, okay because I'm making another kit for my B6 monthly and I was looking at this like how did I get this like this so anyway Here is your date covers your date dots and some little boxes here and Then here is all of your other things your totals for me is mainly totals expenses total expenses total income and then another box here, so This is for the Aaron Conner and let's just a side note when I go to put this in my Aaron Conner And when I first started like working on this kit. I had pretty much Failed this and I just you know wanted to see what it looked like So you'll see some half of dates in the mind Aaron Conner and You'll see the Halloween date. You'll see some of this I may recover them up because this ruling came out better. So basically all that I'm saying is Just look out for that. So let's get into My B6 and I will start and I'll probably fast-forward through it and then at the end we'll come back and budget together Okay, you guys so I'm done with the B6 how quick was that so I was realizing I got a lot of space over here for like my income But what I do in my Aaron Conner is I write down what I've been doing lately I'll say I'll write down what is due weekly That's how I originally used to do my budget each week. I write down what was due Let's say Monday through Saturday and I will write down what was due so that's what I'm gonna probably use this space for But I use one of the end of the boxes here And then over here is my weekly check-in and I double check my Aaron Conner There are five weeks in October and I didn't print a week five So that's something I need to do is print a week five before I'll put those out So there'll be a week five and then over here is expenses and This is my total expenses. I'll write those here and then total them up and then my weekly expenses I believe that's what I made this for that'll that's what I was gonna put here But now this is where they'll go. So I don't know what I'm gonna do with all this space I may do cash envelopes and I think that's what I'm gonna do. I have an extra thing here I can make this cash envelopes or You know if my nail looks crooked it broke off and I glued it back on one crooked It's okay, and it's not necessarily time for me to do them. So let me find my pen So I think I'll do I'll make this cash envelopes and then and see these empty ones will be in here But they're like I said, I made this one pretty much for me and then this one I may make sinking funds and Again, this kit is really made for me. I had to make it functionable for me because last time I got a little Not disappointed whatever I was trying to make it to like sale and that's something I have an arm from therapy Everything just can't be for sale. Hey, yes, she did everything can't be for sale So I was getting frustrated trying to make it, you know for everybody and what they're used to buying So I just had to make it work for me so I can get back on track So nonetheless, this is what it looks like. So this is the October kit from my b6 And this is using a notes Insert from the 1407 planner. I love the paper that they're praying on it So I'm gonna put that back and if you would like to see a Now I've taken the pictures and what have you but if you'd like to see that in the shop The budget kit in the shop. Let me know I Think this is connected to one of these Let me find it's connected to this one so I'll put it in there, but I've taken the pictures for it and It's possibly can be used in the Aaron Conner and Petite planner I have a petite planner on the way So I'll see if these fit and if not, I'll make them for that and then I'll sell them for the Aaron Conner and Petite Okay on to the Aaron Conner you guys. This is what I mainly plan in. This is my big planner So my big budget planner, let me move this small stuff up the way And as you can see, I've already added stuff I was just so excited that some things came out the way they did So I've already done it and I did this in silver, but the silver foil that I got doesn't Let me see if I can get this up. Oh, I got some undo today. I forget all about that So I'm finished. I don't know I've been a little long-winded had a little issue with the undo But I figured it out. So this is what my October Monthly kit is looking like and I am digging it I think it needs a little later or something, but it's so much going on So pretty all of it. So let me start just the wee bit for you guys. Let me know what you think What do you think? Isn't it pretty? So we're gonna go through really quickly We have our income budgeted total income weekly check in Expenses item description amount and date this will be for either my Cash envelopes or sinking funds and that's it. So if you all want to see me do my budget I mean, let's let's just go ahead and do the expenses Okay, I got about my other one real quick. I'm gonna be quick because I've been so long-winded with Fast-forwarding everything. Let's get to it So I decided to how to keep my income until I'm done with IRS for the moment is we'll just do Expenses so the first expense is car note number one and That is 181 60 my car note doesn't really change Card note number two 181 60 and then next up is car insurance My dog wants to go out now they've gone up I don't know if it's because I did a claim when we had that little flood didn't even need a flood I got a little toe and that was about 230 in the month of August So next up is Amazon Y'all I know y'all gonna be like girl every month you do your budget you've added something so I have another new credit card This is 1299 I need to go ahead and put that in with your city bank I don't know how much my minimum is gonna be so for right now I'm just gonna leave that blank, but I gotta do that capital one I want to pay my capital one off because I'm gonna give them I want to give them a hundred in October Because the holidays are coming just in case of emergency Apple down and that is 99 cents. I don't even know I'm still paying that Affleck So there are five weeks minutes five weeks I think I pay an extra $12 so that would be 42 dollars at least what I'm budgeting for My schedule is city, which is my online booking app Wait a minute. Almost forgot how to spell it And that's $20 that never changes now with the gym. Oh my goodness last month Something else came out of my account and I have a bill paying account But I have another account that little things like this come out in case I can just ever shut it down This stuff when they, you know, give you a little issues in how it was off by opinion a couple couple cents and They did not get their money my bank didn't pay it Do you know they came back and I don't know if they got a late payment of $29.99 That didn't go through so I don't know if I'm gonna have to pay a double. I'm gonna have to go to them directly and Just pay it. Oh Card on number two. Basically, I say loan number one That is a hundred dollars It's really kind of car loan but it's really just a personal on sale bill T-Mobile I Love T-Mobile because they work with me because I forget my sale bill To my understanding it should be 291 we plan to pay off our watches Some phones and stuff. So it should come down a little bit my booth rats Since there is I think it's 1050 when there is five weeks in the month of October Wayfair, I don't even know if I'm gonna have a wayfair bill. I just sent them some money I'm gonna guesstimate for them. I'm just gonna go ahead and give them I'm gonna put a hundred but I don't think I owe that much Because what I bought was only a hundred and forty dollars, which is my office chair and simply gilded um, I think October which will be Probably the November or the September box. I will probably be my last box This last one I didn't even really open to like a couple of weeks later And I only get it because of the pens. So I love these rolling ball pens So that's the only reason I get it and my loan Number two Which is Navy Federal Credit Union? That's also it's ninety two dollars ninety one dollars, but I pay a hundred on it So that so far is everything they'll do capital one. Oh, I charge something I got Victoria's secrets, but they'll probably I may not have them because what I charge I'm just gonna pay them off if the bill comes before then only charge like sixty five dollars. I Haven't used that credit card to kind of save it for Christmas, but I wanted to use it before Christmas to So they won't the last time I had when I got up to the black card and every time I got something I paid it off and then I just stopped using it and then they closed it and then I couldn't get my card back for a while so any who This is what we have And I want to start I'm gonna do cash envelopes on this side Because Christmas is coming so I'm gonna put Christmas here Presents and I want to start putting some money away so for the month of October I know that in a whole lot What I'm doing What else car? I'm Repairs because I have a repair bill coming up by the next time I need to all change it's just five hundred dollars So I'm gonna put 50 towards that And just savings pretty much I'm gonna start with 25 that's basically weekly and I haven't broken down in my other little budget I did But this is it you guys I'll come back in and add more stuff. I just don't want to hold it I want to thank you all for sticking around with me and I'm watching me put my kid into My Aaron Conner and my b6. So we'll just backtrack really quickly Y'all that undo stuff is strong. It's giving me a headache. Oh my gosh, so Anywho this is October budget in my b6 This is what it looks like There we go Expenses let me back up. This is it just says October basically which is income. It just said income here I need to fix that maybe And then my total income and I got cash envelope sinking funds weekly check-in week one two three four And then this is for week five Expenses weekly expenses total expenses, and then I got an extra little bar here at the bottom So that's that I love this though. I don't know I'm gonna do when I get my little Aaron Conner I don't know. I don't really like my b6, but anyhoo. So then for my Aaron Conner and this is the Monthly layout has all my bills. I'll go in and write my bills Also, I have some little total boxes that I use I like to put in what I make for the week in there and then This piece of look I can see it income Weekly check-in Week one through five and I remember week five in my Aaron Conner I don't know why and then my expenses and we've gone through and did the budget. Oh, we didn't total. Sorry y'all cash I'm close. Let's total. Thank you guys. So I have Calculator Yeah, I'm sweating bullets down here. Let's see what we got 181 60 plus y'all forgive me because I haven't done a Video in so long. I forgot the protocol.  That's what I basically have to pay out Mandatory, you know, we are around it Everything else is like my groceries and things like that and that's like kind of a separate budget And if you would like to see how I budget for my other expenses as far as products grocery Well insurance is good for it Things like that just let me know and we can just do a whole separate budget And I can combine the two and just leave them separate like leave my expenses and all that stuff separate Okay. All right. Thank you all so much for watching and I will see you in my next video. Bye


Welcome to the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference 2018 in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates where I am very pleased to be joining the studio today Mr. Bakhtiyar Mamadov who is the Chief Lawyer for the Ministry of Transport Communications and High Technologies for Azerbaijan. Welcome to the studio. Thank you very much for your invitation, it's a great pleasure to be here. I'd like to start off by talking a little bit about the power of information communication technologies. There's currently considerable attention being placed on harnessing the power of ICTs as an enabler for good. Wanted to ask you what's your personal perspective on this? Information technologies became a part of our life. Without information technology we can't live and every person, every society, states feel a relationship with information technologies. And we as a part of the world in Azerbaijan also pay a lot of attention for being part of this process. Azerbaijan since 1992 member of the International Telecommunication Union and we always tried to be active member of the International Telecommunication Union. After immediately World Cemetery and Information Society in 2004, new ministry, Ministry of Communications and Information Technologies has been established in the Republic of Azerbaijan. And since 2004 this ministry went through the different changes and now portfolio of ministry is extending and now ministry is responsible for transport, communications and high technologies which means that all these fields directly related with the development of the information technologies and ministry is a state body which coordinates efforts in this field. Now this plenipotentiary conference is the first since the world agreed on the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. I wanted to ask you could you please provide us with some examples of how ICTs are helping to drive sustainable development in your country. ICT as I mentioned is essential part of our life and since in 2015 United Nations General Assembly approved sustainable development goals. One of the fields of sustainable development goals is extending of the innovations. Just one of the sample of this process and Azerbaijan's participation in this process This is recently on 5th November while we had here in conference President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev issued a special decree on creation of the Innovation Center under auspices of the Ministry of Transport, Communication and High Technology. This center has been established on the basis of the two institutions with the minister of transport, communication and high technologies. This were ICT, Fount and High Tech Park. Why it's such a necessary because innovation is important in various fields and state body which coordinates various efforts in different fields on innovation is important and for this reason a new state branch under auspices of our ministry has been established. But so far ministry did a lot work for implementing of this goal, sustainable development goals and ICT application, ICT solution implemented in various fields where ministry has a charge for example in postal system, in transportation system, in telecommunication field also in providing of the secure internet. Also another sample of the Azerbaijan's effort not just within the country also internationally Azerbaijan initiated creation of the super highway fiber optic super highway and this project calls in Azerbaijan TASSIM abbreviation and I would like to highlight that United Nations Security Council and United Nations General Assembly supported this initiative a special resolution devoted to this matter which means that countries should together with assistance of the other international institution help and to make connectivity easier through the allocating of the fiber optic infrastructure and Azerbaijan promotes this idea. Now let's talk a little bit about countries working together about half the world's people are connected to the internet the other half is not. What is Azerbaijan doing in to get everyone connected in terms of the global perspective? I would like to mention that when president of Azerbaijan participated in 2003 in Geneva World Cemetery on Information Society he sounded slogan let's convert black gold into human gold. As you know that Azerbaijan has reached all resources but all this kind of temporary richness and paying a lot attention to the human capital transferring material resources into human resources is important and Azerbaijan declared this as a target of its process and this also implemented in various fields in education in other fields of the economy such as economic development or agriculture etc. Of course digital bids is important for entire world and for avoiding of this digital divide and making easier access for everyone government of Azerbaijan supported initiative to build fiber optic infrastructure entire country and making accessible internet for everyone including the villages and especially for high speed internet let's say very rural areas 10 megabyte second but in towns and cities at least 30 megabyte second and this initiative supported based on internal resources of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Same idea also helps for making a bridge on digital divide because through the distribution of the easy access for the internet of course many people could have and also we have to mention that access to high speed internet totally change lifestyle of all the people they could have access to education now worldwide a lot of opportunities for getting education distance education telemedicine also important let's say having through this data you could have access to best medical services also another opportunity in agriculture rural areas people having access to the internet they could easily sell their very we have the famous organic products in Azerbaijan and it will make their life easier and they will have access to the markets for selling of different commodity and for this reason we pay a lot of attention for helping and making easy access to high speed good quality internet for in entire country. Finally I'd like to give you a brief opportunity just to round this off by get a message for participants here at the planning potential conference and to our wider audience as well. Thank you very much Azerbaijan is proud that we participate in this conference our minister of transport communication and technologies was ahead of the delegation of Azerbaijan delivered policy statement Azerbaijan about Azerbaijan ICT development also it's remarkable that Azerbaijan second time has been elected to the ITU council and representative Azerbaijan also elected to the radio regulation board this is also double kind of proud for us which means that also a lot responsibility will join to the process of the managing and I wish to all participant of the planning potential conference efficient working gaining results and coming to a mutual conclusion on various resolution which in the end will make easily a regulation in this field and which will make connectivity efficiently for entire world. Mr. Mamadov thank you very much indeed. Yeah, welcome. Thank you.


What we want to do is we now have all of our speakers and panelists here. So we would like to open this session for questions. So if you do have questions, please, as John mentioned, put it in the Go to the Live Now box and then type in your questions. So I think we did get one from a previous case, right? So did we have a question on Neil? Did you recall the question that was on with respect to the system? Unfortunately, the previous one closed. We'll receive about a dozen questions, Mohan, this is Luis. OK. I tried to answer one. So maybe we should start, probably, from those. Let me start with this one. So are the IO modules connected in a communication boss or are they assigned to specific PLCs? I mean, we're not talking about PLCs or here necessarily. We're talking about the distributed control node that's performing control functions. It might be a PID or a logical function. In either case, we're talking about the DCN having the ability to have either a hardware, local IO, or being connected to an IO subsystem of some sort using interfaces. The details of that is described in the OPALS standard. So I will invite you to review that. I just thought that that was important to clarify. Did anybody else want to add something to the description from Luis? Well, no, this is Don. It's not an ad. It's just a reinforcement of the points that Luis made. And depending on the profile, which is the specific configuration of the DCN device, but the general principle is decoupling of interfaces. So I would say the strongest answer we can give to that question is, for the majority of the profiles that we envision, there will not be a close or proprietary association between IO and compute. That will be software assignable. And that's the takeaway I'd like to leave with the audience. Great answer, Don. Thank you. So Anil has a couple of questions on here that I guess he gathered from the previous session. What is the expectation for DCN gateway to be universal or specific to one or more legacy systems? Is the gateway that was described, is it specific to a legacy system or do you perceive it to be a universal one? Well, I think Dave answered the question best, maybe if Dave can have another go at it. I'm sorry. On the gateways, the universal side of the gateway will be the OPAS OCF side. And this will be standardized. And then, as far as a connection to each existing system, OPAS is not going to standardize that because it deals with the specific of each system. My prediction, personal prediction, is that you'll see the market drive suppliers to develop universal gateways on that side, or at least gateways that support many different protocols. Of course, even things I mowed about and then up to other more recent technologies be supported. Now, I think the hardest part will be if there's a proprietary DCS network that's protected and totally proprietary, you probably have to depend upon that supplier. But there may be other ways to connect systems with other protocols, too. And just to build upon that last question Don answered, once information and once process data or any values from the existing control system are into the OPAS gateway, one of the prime building blocks or foundational principles for OPAS is that all data will be available to all DCNs in the ACP. So therefore, even if the IO comes into one DCN or the gateway brings data in, all the other DCNs can access. So thanks, Dave. And sort of similar idea with the connection to legacy systems. So this is a question about interoperability of components purchased from one vendor. And this question actually is yesterday a particular vendor name. But if you purchase a component from one vendor and you install it onto a different, onto the system, what other equipment would I need to make that OPAS system work and everything talk to each other? So in this case, the questioner has put if I purchased a level sensor from one vendor, installed it onto a system. And I assume they are talking about an open process automation, system made of open process automation components. What other equipment would I need to make that OPAS system work and everything talk to each other? Maybe I can help with that a little bit and others can back me up. The OPAS standard is being designed to work with any number of field devices from different manufacturers that use common protocols. And this goes down to the most old ones. If we just look at analog inputs, whether it's 4 to 20-year voltage, digital input, digital output, those can be supported. Protocols, field digital protocols, heart, foundation field bus could be because OPAS is not standardizing field protocols. What we want to do is be able to build these gateways. And it may be a gateway not to another automation system, but to field protocols. We expect suppliers who will develop these and then bring that data into the OPAS system. So if what you mean by one supplier system is an OPAS system, that data can come in from the field and then be shared among all the DCNs. OK. Just to reinforce the point, we have a very simple scope picture, which I think Louise used. And the scope boundary, this is exactly, I'm just reinforcing what Dave said, is the field-facing side, aka the south side of the distributed control node device. So whatever evolution occurs in field networking and communications technologies, be it wired or wireless, the OPAS architecture will adapt to that. And another point that Dave said is, once you get data into a system consisting of OPAS conformant products, the conformance to OPAS means the interoperability quality attribute will be delivered and enabled largely by the OPAS connectivity framework. So that's the general answer to the question, I think. Thank you, Don and Dave. So I skipped over one question earlier. So it was, what is the difference between OPAS and the Namur Open architecture in terms of control system architecture? So I think we get this question a lot. So I would maybe like one of you to comment on this. Do you mind if I try to answer? Yeah, you're a good one, Louise. Go ahead. Well, so what I see in the Namur Open architecture approach, and I'm going to try to make it very simple and short, their vision is the core process control system remains in touch. I mean, you have the ability to extract and bring information into the, or from and into the core process control. But essentially, you're trying not to disrupt the process control as it exists today and then enable applications for monitoring and optimization either at the planned level or the corporate level. In the open process automation forum and the scope of the standards, we have discussed in the previous answer that Don made and we presented in the scope. We're actually revisiting or envisioning a new way to develop the core process control. And that is kind of what I see as a key differentiation between what we're doing in OPAS and what the Namur Open architecture does. Definitely, as demonstrated also in the case of the BSF example that Mohan presented earlier and Ron presented earlier, there are users that are already experimenting the core existence, for lack of a better name, of these different industry initiatives and standards. And the industry will support multiple approaches to automation. So it's not negating, I mean, OPAS is not negating or in conflict with what Namur Open architecture is trying to do, but the scope is different. That's kind of my answer. I hope it's clear and being confused more. If somebody wants to add to it, I'd be glad. Yeah, if I may. So this is a question that we're asked often. And so we, I say we, it was a paper that we published at the IFAC 2020 World Congress. We addressed that question specifically. So if I'm going to refer to the OPA reference architecture chart that's basically on slide six of this deck, but we don't have to go back to that. If you can just have that mental image of the OPA reference architecture, which has the DCN edge devices at the bottom, including the gateway connections to either existing non-OPAS conformant control devices or even to things like wireless gateways, that basically gets your data onto the OPAS connectivity framework network, that industry standard network technology. Now there's no requirement for those data to be passed through any compute nodes performing control functions. So even though we show the OPAS connectivity framework just as a flat line, it doesn't mean that in implementation you will not have segmentation zones and conduits within that network topology. So basically you can achieve the benefits and the intent of the Namur Open architecture by a holistic architecture that enables data acquisition and transmission of data to higher parts of the stack without having to have those data pass through the closed loop control performing nodes in the architecture. And we elaborate on that concept in the IFAC paper. So Don, I think that you sort of addressed one of the questions that came up, which was question on continuity to higher level systems. So assuming control system DCS is replaced by OPAS based system, how will connectivity be maintained with higher level systems? Yeah, I don't want to monopolize. I think any one of us can answer that question. I'm going to ask one of the other panelists to have a go with that. If nobody steps up, I'll call it. Yeah, Yaku's back. Okay. Yeah, I'm back. Well, our view is that we will have way more capabilities to connect to the outside world than we have today. We're kind of limited in what we can do today, first in bandwidth as well as on the information we can share with an open framework and open platform and the capabilities that actually brings. We believe that this will actually allow us to transmit more data from the system as well as get more data into the system than we can do today. Obviously that brings challenges. We understand that, but I think the architecture also shows that we expect to have a lot of connections to, there's not a lot, but on the architecture page, what we do expect to have a lot of connections to cloud and other platforms that will give us more capabilities than today. And that's not just the up of standpoint, but it's also our corporate standpoint. So maybe others. Yeah, and I just wanted to add to Jaco's point that the whole idea behind this is sort of, taking that layered approach that has been there and sort of turning it 90 degrees, making it more flatter architecture, right? So that allows for a data transparency to go from your business systems or your NES to down to the level that you need to grab the data that you want to be able to then make real-time decisions. So I think that that is one of the key features of the architecture here. All right, so there was another question about, okay, understanding is that OCF is based on OPC UA, are there any other protocols in the pipeline? Well, we considered other protocols, but I can tell you we converged the collection of companies that has been active in the OPA forum since the beginning, again, customers and suppliers. We converged pretty early, and this was a convergence that occurred, I think even in 2017, that OPC UA is going to be the basis of the OPAS connectivity framework. We talk the principle in the standard of standards way that the open group works is, we certainly want to envision the possibility of other means for things like communications and interoperability. And I could just drop some buzzwords like MQTT and the like, but honestly, we are focusing pretty heavily on OPC UA. We could, if you guys want to elaborate, we could start to differentiate the value of OPC UA in the information modeling aspect versus the message packets and the protocols on the wire. But I don't think that we want to go there in this session. Thanks, Don. So, Ron, there was a question about OPAS offerings. Do you want to talk about it? Yes. So the question is, are there vendors already offering OPAS ready solutions? IO, gateways, DCNs, operator workstations, et cetera. So I'd first say in the spirit of the terminology today, there is no such thing as an OPAS ready solution. The direction that we're heading is, as I said, when I was talking about certification, defining a formal certification methodology that suppliers would need to take their products through to have OPAS certified products. So just to be clear, ultimately what we're targeting is the availability of OPAS certified products. And while there may be vendors today who are closely following the development of the standard and who are prototyping, we don't have the certification process formally in place yet. We're still in the process of working through the definition of that and the mechanics of everything that's necessary from identifying test cases to accrediting labs and onboarding them. So as the OPAS standard solidifies, and I expect that the next version should start to solidify towards the latter half of 2021, then our target would be approximately a quarter after that, we would have a formal certification process in place. So just in summary, once we have a formal certification process in place, then it will be up to the individual suppliers to pick up the challenge to take their products to the open group for certification and then have them available with the bright shiny OPAS certified logo. Hope that answers the question. Ron, I was just gonna add to that. I think part of that question too was how do I get my supplier vendor to offer those solutions? And I think it's important for us as end users to begin expressing our interests and desire and at some point requirement for that offering. And so I think now's a good time for us to start mentioning our awareness and interests of our suppliers and asking them what they know about and what their plans are. And at some point when we start making requests for solutions and quotations, we start putting that in either at least as alternatives if not a requirement at some point in time. That's one point, fully agree. Yeah, thanks, thanks, Steve and Don. And I think that was very helpful. Steve mentioned, yeah, I think we talked about the fact that look, I mean, at the end of the day, the end users are going to write a check, right? And I think they're gonna start requesting that more and more of these, they're gonna start asking their suppliers about the roadmap that the suppliers have towards an OPAS compliant solution. So I think that's the moment that you would see that's gonna drive the marketplace to offer those solutions. So I have another question here. It says, okay, there are already PLCs that support OPC UA. Does that mean they would be OPAP ready or are we waiting for application portability? Yeah, I think I can talk to that or at least kick off the discussion. Having connectivity via OPC UA is certainly an important enabler and a step towards fitting into the OPAP ecosystem. But to be an OPAP certified product, there are other requirements over and above that. It will depend on the specific functionality that the product offers because there are some products that encompass certain parts of the specification, some that focus on others. We've got them defined in terms of different profiles and suppliers will bring their products and certify against specific profiles. So at a high level, it will depend on the profile, but in terms of this question, I would say connectivity, OPC UA support is one of those that will likely be a requirement for many products, but there will be others on top of that. And a very simple example would be security. There are security requirements over and above OPC UA that we have added into the specification, into OPAPs, and those will also have to be satisfied as part of the process of going through OPAP certification. Does anyone want to add to that? I'd like to add to that. I mean, just to take the opportunity to invite the audience to really visit the OPAP documentation that is published, and get familiar with it. I mean, as you pointed out, right? So OPC UA is a key element for connectivity and interoperability, but there's more. So I just wanted to plug in the invitation to really visit the documentation and get familiar with the standard. And that's kind of a free tie back to what we were discussing earlier through the adoption steps. You know, what else do you need or what else will provide a benefit for your iPhone situation to really build on and tie to what are the requirements outside of OPC UA you will need to take, right? That's kind of my only addition. Yeah, I want to give a practical answer to the question. I think it's perfectly in the spirit of this industry adoption workshop. When we take a look at the prototyping projects that have been done by the operating companies, so ExxonMobil has been pretty forthcoming in our proof of concept and prototype. You heard about the BASF demonstrator, two other prototyping projects that we can talk about in the public domain. Georgia Pacific has started on an OPA prototyping activity, as well as there was a press release earlier this week by Saudi Aramco that Saudi Aramco is started on an OPA testbed building activity with Schneider Electric. As a practical matter and a direct answer to the questioner's question, currently available products that have attributes that are kind of heading in the right direction of OPAs, that has been one of the criteria that we have used to select products for incorporation in our prototypes. And just to reinforce the point Ron and Louise made, you know, they're not OPAs conformance certified products yet, but clearly the supplier is thinking in alignment with the vision. So that has been a practical consideration in the product selection for our prototyping. So are there currently available today OPAs conformant products? No. Are there products that are headed in the right direction? Yes. Okay. So I think that there is a few more questions in here. So let's see if we can get through them. Will there be OPA for OPA system integrated courses, technician, sorry, training and certification exams that qualify their understanding of the design and implementation philosophies as well as verification validation methodologies? Wow, that is an excellent question. I've certainly seen the open group take the lead in this area for other standards and specifications and offering certification. Jaco, I don't know if you're on from a business perspective or Louise, would you like to comment on that? Yeah, I think it's a great question as well. And it's one we discuss a lot. So the system integrator role is a role that will actually put the system together, make the systemness of the system, make it work. Well, it will also be looking at other elements that are not necessarily defined in OPAs itself. So that role is an extremely important role and I think the education track and how we have to educate anyone who is certainly getting a lot of attention, attention I should say. And I think I'm not going to say yes, we're gonna develop a full program because I think the system integrator will always have to cover elements that we cannot cover in the OPAs program. But I think with the, for instance, the CSIA, we will work on that track to see whether we can develop products in educational material that will help system integrators to get started. And there are arms around this. Anyone else who wants to tap in? Yeah, I'd like to add something to that Jaco, if I might. You know, and that's important. You mentioned something that is the collaboration with the control systems integration organization, right? And as Ron mentioned in the introduction that we did earlier today, you know, we want to go far so we're not going alone. We were working with others. So we definitely need to define what the other participants in the ecosystem and that includes system integrators and others. I mean, this is not an end user and suppliers game. This is a multi-pron, multi-role ecosystem and that was also presented. But in that, we need to collaborate to define the ultimate goal of having the right type of skills that's available as a way to enable this, the adoption of OPAs in the industry. Having said that, obviously for the system integrator to make a business out of integrated OPAs certified products we need to have the OPA certified products first. And as much as we can help the system integrator community to familiarize with OPAs, I think it's important to also put the priorities of the forum into having the certification plan completed in any case. I think that's drawn already alluded to that as well. Okay, great. Thanks, Louis and Shaq. So I think there are a few more questions in here. So are there any lifting repositories or resources available for building DCNs? Probably, I would say if you wanted to learn how to build a DCN, I would start with understanding the OPA specification by leveraging the resources at the open group. And I think as seen elsewhere in this presentation there are some links where you can download the specifications and start to work your way through them and understand them. There are also resources that we even talked about from a business perspective why you would be going down this path if you need to answer those questions with your leadership team. But at this point, those are the resources that come to my mind that I would be looking at. And then from there you can cascade into some of the supporting standards that we reference. So if you're not familiar with OPC UA, for example, you would understand where to go, which documents there to focus on. If you need to learn more about 62443 security, we can point you in the right direction. Anybody else want to build on that? But just to focus, OPAs, the OPAs spec part seven addresses the physical characteristics of the DCN. So I would direct the reader's attention to OPAs part seven. We published version 2.0 of OPAs has the first go at part seven and it's going to have a significant upgrade in version 2.1 which will be published in a few months. Thanks, Tom. So there is another question. For a modern gateway, you probably need the latest version of the vendor system. Will there be vendor lock-in until legacy system is completely gone? Well, I'll take that one, another gateway question. That's a good question. It will depend upon the automation system that exists there and what's available, but to access, for example, the worst case, most severe cases, if there's a DCS system and the DCS supplier does not support an OPAs interface, it will be a challenge. Other DCS vendors are already starting to provide OPAs interfaces based on OPC UA. And you'll see this grow. And so I think that market pressure is going to drive support for OPA gateways to all the existing systems. Now that said, until the legacy equipment is totally gone, that gateway is needed. So yes, that is accurate. Okay. Thanks, Dave. There was a question I skipped over earlier. So will there be safety instrumented systems that are OPAs compliant? I think I would just direct us to the scope of OPA, the forum's scope in terms of developing standards. We did exclude the SIS from the standards here. Doesn't mean you cannot talk to those systems, but that is out of scope from OPAs. Yeah, Moa, if I can just add a little to that also. It's very typical in the process industries that any advancements in the SIS space lag behind what happens in the BPCS space. For example, use of bus-based IO is very common in the basic process control world, but it's not common in the safety applications yet. So I think it'll get there eventually, but that's pretty far into the future. It has to be proven in use first in order to be used in safety applications. Thanks, Julie. So I did see one other question come in, and I know we're coming to the end of the time commitment. So I'll pose this to the suppliers at large. How do control system vendors differentiate themselves with OPAs? Okay. Well, I mean, I'll start and then others pick up is, you know, for my employer, what we see is OPAs is a decades-long trend of information technology coming into the operational technology space. Networks are ether-based now. 1.20 years ago, people said it was impossible to do that. In the late 90s, we saw windows, platforms, used operatist stations, and the price dropped. And so we see this as just an ongoing trend that's inevitable. So we want to be leaders and try to change how the industry and our company is going to respond to new environment. So we think there's room. Also, we see software as a real value generator for end-user. So we want to focus on that and provide the value where customers, you know, obtain it. I don't know what others see. I totally agree with the value creation, right? So definitely it's the OPAs gives the opportunity to develop new ways of delivering the value that the end-users are asking for. And it's, to me, it's a matter of, you know, as you say, they're getting there earlier, but also having the vision to determine where you want to be the best in class, or is it that you can innovate and create new ways of delivering value? I think that's a key. Great, thank you both for the answer. There is one, maybe this is the last question we want to take is what are the challenges during integration of the testbeds? Any lessons learned that can be shared? Don, do you want to? Well, yeah, I'll just cite, I mean, sure, there's a learning curve whenever you start anything new. And speaking for the Exxon Mobile team and our research program and the systems integrators and hardware and software suppliers that we have used over the past five or so years, again, with our proof of concept and prototype system, you know, we've documented much of those learnings and pain points in the IFAC World Congress paper. Again, it's still in the proceedings, so it's a little bit difficult to access. But I don't want to take the time here, you know, to go through that long list of learnings that we have acquired. The takeaway I want to leave with the audience is that with our proof of concept and prototype system, we demonstrated the quality attributes that we aspire to get, and that is to say interoperability, interchangeability, configuration and applications portability with systems made up of component products sourced from different suppliers. And we were able to achieve those quality attributes by using what we saw at the time of where the OPAS standard was heading. So I'll just, I'll stop there. Again, we've written a lot about it and the very technical level in the IFAC paper. Thanks, Don. So with this, I would like to try to close the Q&A session so I do appreciate the questions that came in and I hope you took away some from here. So in the remaining time, what I would like to do is sort of summarize where we are and then provide a wrap up and key takeaways, reinforcing many of the points that our panelists made through the presentation. So what we have done is, you know, so first I wanna thank you for your patience in sticking with us, especially through the audio issues and recognize it's not easy with different time zones where it may be interfering with your daily activities. I wanna thank the Open Groups events team for their efforts in putting this workshop together. I think we're continually learning and we'll get better in the next one. Okay, so while we are there, John, yeah, thank you for the reminder. We do want to run that final poll so that people can respond to it and then, you know, we'll use that data to refine our ability to host these workshops, okay? Yeah, thanks, John. So what I do wanna say is, you know, first off, yeah, and by the way, so we do have, I mean, I do wanna thank both the speakers for the sessions, the panelists, as well as, you know, a lot of people who have done a tremendous amount of work who are not in the panel right now, but contributed to the development of the workshop. So my sincere thanks to all of you. So, you know, what we have done is, you know, just to summarize, we've shared the vision of the forum on building an open standards, secureable, interoperable process control, automation architecture. So, and the key for us is really the transparency and visibility of data without the limitations of close processes. So, we'll give you a little bit of how the workshops are organized within the forum and how we're doing a business approach to try to figure out the technical problems to be tackled. And as you heard from Steve, Jaco, and Julie, I mean, the benefits to end users are really more competition, greater flexibility, data availability, and managing obsolescence. You know, for these are sort of very critical parameters for end users. I think we think the standards and the work done there will really help as we develop the marketplace. So suppliers, you know, the question came up on suppliers to distinguish themselves. I mean, right now, as Jaco mentioned, you know, you don't want just a good enough solution to be able to incorporate and say, yeah, this is the best I could come up with versus a concept of specialization and differentiation. So focus on the things that are the most, you know, where you add the most value. So Dave Emerson mentioned about focusing on software and trying to make sure that the suppliers focus on their core strengths. And then that way with the standardized interface, then we don't need to worry about the integration aspect as much. So that would be the, you know, other kind of takeover. So the second point I really wanna make is, you know, we talked about the intro to the standard, the OPAS standard, and what is coming up in terms of coming attractions. Communications, configuration, application portability, the key aspects of the standard.  I mean, you've got version two of the standard and you know, more on deck to come. Okay, so keep an eye out on this space, right? So, and Luis mentioned this point is that the pace of change in the industry is really accelerating. And, you know, really, I mean, everywhere you look, you see this software decoupled from hardware that enables new tools, new applications to come in, right? So, and applications that use real-time data, you know, to be able to do predictive and other predictive maintenance and predictive analytics. So these are all going to be enabled by the use of the OPAS standards, okay?  So I think you're seeing this start to happen more and more. Don mentioned some of the end user companies that have started to do this work with ExxonMobil, BASF, Ramco and others making announcements. And you will see a few more come through in the next, you know, shortly. So the second, you know, maybe number five point is, is really that it's sort of time to get prepared. You know, the standards are coming, the market place is coming. And so here's what we would advise.  You understand how decisions are typically made but you understand that process of how decisions are made within your industry, your company. And you should engage a list of stakeholders in your organization, prepare them for the coming changes and how your companies can benefit from OPAS. And, you know, as automation people, you guys know the pain points, but again, articulating them to the top management to get there buying as well as the projects group and whatever other stakeholders you have in implementing projects, you know, do talk to them. At the same time, discuss with your suppliers about what their roadmap they see is for open systems. Steve made the point earlier about talking to your suppliers, having an open conversation with them. Because, you know, the more you write it into your RFI, it goes through information, it goes through proposals, you're going to see a response from the suppliers on the marketplace, right? And the question, there was a question on suppliers, you know, look for suppliers, it's status quo is not going to continue because of the rapid changes in technology. And new market opportunity is really being created.  So you should really advocate for your company to get involved and figure out the roadmap of open systems in this. And, you know, one of the key goals here is really the innovation, you know, what we're saying is we need to lower the barrier for innovation and allow new entrants to come in and that way grow the pie. But Dave Emerson and Don Bartosziak both talked about decoupling of software and hardware. I mean, that really allows more innovation to be introduced, a lot of things become, you know, software-driven.  You don't have to bring it into the shop. You were able to change the, and extend the battery life by thermal management, by, purely by software. I mean, that's where the industry is really going through. And as Jaco mentioned, you know, it's hard for one company to be an expert at everything. So, you know, the end product system ends up being a, well, you know, it was good enough, we cobbled it together. And, you know, that really doesn't serve the end users and the community at large anymore. I mean, we need differentiation. We need expertise that comes up with opening up the system. So, and, you know, so I'll leave it there. And last but not least, we want, we welcome you to join us. You know, I can tell you that, you know, personally interacting with all of the people in the forum, this is a great community of, you know, both thinkers and doers. So, you know, it's a great place, whether, you know, you want to participate in the business, technical or other aspects of the forum, you can join the forum and participate and benefit, you know, both from your personal standpoint, as well as from your company standpoint. So talk to any of us about how to join. So I think I want to leave it there and I want to, you know, please provide your comments and inputs to the workshop. We hope you found this workshop useful. Please provide your candid suggestions in the polls as well as, you know, drop us a line, okay? So I just want to leave you with this quote. I mean, from BASF, it says open process automation offers a win-win-win for suppliers, end users and solution providers and the success of the initiative becomes more and more likely. Okay, with that, I would like to conclude the workshop and leave you with this sort of, okay, the resources page or just Google open process automation forum and you should be able to get in touch with us, all right?


President Mohamed Abuhari today bid farewell to outgoing members of the Federal Executive Council FEC. You have affirmed that a significant number of them have been sufficiently equipped to aspire to higher elective offices, including the office of the president. Speaking at a valedictory session for appointees living in the cabinet to pursue political ambitions, the president expressed confidence that if the next president emerges from among former members of the cabinet, like any other aspirant, ample competence and outstanding service delivery would be on display. He added that the experience and expertise they brought on board have significantly resulted in enormous development in various sectors and the accomplishment of government's programs. The departure of some cabinet members has undoubtedly created a vacuum that should be filled, that would be carried without delay so that the business of governance will not suffer. For members of the cabinet that are remaining on board, I wish to remind you that the journey to the finish line is very far and this calls for more diligence resilience and commitment to serve Nigerians better. Speaking on behalf of the outgoing ministers, outgoing minister of Niger Delta, Mr. Godswil Apabio thanked the president for giving them the opportunity to serve and contribute their quota to nation building. He described working with the president as a fantastic experience, adding that as a step aside, there will continue to be great disciples of Buhari. When you look at the fact that whenever you come close to a political period, you always have a lot of politically motivated insecurity, but I know definitely that with the help of God and of course with his wisdom and experience, he's tackling the situation and I would just want to reassure Nigerians, particularly those who are inflicted by the current situation that very soon the efforts of Mr. President will definitely bear fruits. The issue of my own case is not about myself, it's about protecting Nigerian women because we are fighting gender-based violence and now what we are facing is political, talk-re-political violence and I don't see any difference between political violence and gender-based violence and that must stop. My decision is that I've made up my mind to contest for the governorship of my state by the Serbia State and I've graciously sought for President's blessing and I'll be blessed this morning. So I'm grateful for all the President has said and we are glad to have worked with a man who has so much passion for a nation called Nigeria.