Thank you. Good morning everyone and welcome and I want to thank Dr. Mary wrong for inviting me to be a moderator on this esteemed panel. Mary said you had an admin announcement. I forgot to tell you I'll just say it. We don't know if it went all the way around or not. It's back to you. Okay, so going around when you're done, bring it out since you want to get a copy. Thank you. All right, thank you. We are going to give 15 minutes to each of the panelists and we are going to go in the order of the program, the way it's printed and the names and the order in which they're printed. I will not read any biographies that are already printed so I will just mention the names and keep time rather strictly. All right so we begin with Ms. Nicoletta, Nika, Sreemak and then next will be Jolynn Schumacher and then Benjamin Lowe-Ellen. So Nika it's all yours. Thank you Dr. Aldia. Thank you so much to Mary for inviting you to this conference and for your mentorship and for everyone for everything I've learned from all of you and so far and we'll continue too. In December 23rd 1990 Slobonan Miloševic, former leader of Serbia's Communist Party, won the republic's presidential election by a landslide of 65 pretend of votes together with the Socialist Party of Serbia which won 194 out of 250 seats in the National Assembly and at the time there were questions about voting irregularities. There were concerns about the fact that the governing party already held virtual control of the media and television and the country was on the brink of a civil war that would leave thousands dead and millions displaced. But what is the one question that no one thought to ask at the time about that pivotal election? How many women were elected to those parliamentary seats? Just 1.6% or four out of 250 seats in parliament which was one of the lowest rates in the world that year and certainly the lowest rate in Europe by far. Why was that rate so low and why did that coincide with the early stages of Miloševic's takeover and the beginning of the country's civil wars? Those were the first questions I sought to answer when I started researching Serbian women's political participation from the 90s and earlier until today and how this coincides with WPS in the country and in the region. So again, my name is Nicoleta Sremak. I work in study at the Harvard Academy School of Government where I was given the opportunity to do this research on Serbia directed by Ambassador Svanihan at the Kennedy School in WPS. I was born in that country that no longer exists, Yugoslavia, from which my family emigrated during the civil wars of the 90s and I'm lucky enough to actually have my parents with me here today be here because it of course wasn't, if it wasn't for their brave sacrifice in leaving their home country during the wars, I wouldn't have had the opportunity to learn from this perspective nor to be with you here today. Thank you so much. I'm here to present some of the findings of short paper which I submitted for this conference that you can read in the working paper series and this came out of a longer research project over the past few months where it conducted a series of interviews with representatives from Serbian government, from civil society, from external NGOs that work in the region like Inclusive Security and citizens of other sectors who were involved in activism against the regime during the 90s or who have emigrated since then and have stakes in the country's situation of gender equality. And as Lema Boe reminded me last night in her incredible speech, this is not important just as a case study that we can take away but also for us to amplify these women and men's voices that are doing incredible work there and hopefully find ways to directly support them. So that's what I will try to do. I'll give you a bit of a background in context of Serbia's gender integration process and why this topic matters to all of us. I'll then give you three main takeaways from my interviews and also share some quotes and stories. This is ongoing research so I look forward to any comments and questions. In my mind, Serbia is one of the most fascinating places we can look at as scholars and practitioners of WPS because it represents this convergence of hypermasculine, nationalist, aggressive, macho, political mentality taking over and exactly corresponding with a drop in female official political participation but also a case where women have been participating and organizing whether formally or informally in an almost paradoxical contrast to that political mentality and I'll explain more of what I mean by that. I don't think I need to convince this group why the issue of women's political and security sector prostitution is so crucial to peace but I will say it again because why not especially in light of our theme of amplifying the WPS agenda that in the Balkans and all over the world we cannot hope to prevent future conflicts nor to safeguard a stable democracy without the full participation and empowerment of women and there's so much evidence demonstrating this for example again the study that was mentioned that specifically found that as the percentage of women in parliament increases by just five percent and again in Serbia we are talking about one point six percent a government is five times less likely to use violence when faced with an international crisis and the same trends are true for civil wars as well. I also know that in the two thousand ninety percent of conflicts occurred in countries already uplifted by war so the rate of relapse is extremely high and peacekeeping efforts have been shown to succeed in the short term but often to fail in the long term so all of this is critically relevant for Serbia which is a country fairly recently out of a horrific civil war and peace process with definitely still present tensions and violence within with the surrounding countries as well as the various ethnic groups within its borders and we absolutely need to be paying attention to the degree of women's empowerment within Serbia and the region of the Balkans as an indicator of its prospects for lasting peace. A little bit of country background after Milosevic's ouster in 2000 and the end of the conflict period as Laura Hoover's study showed yesterday as well this was definitely an opportunity in Serbia for major democratic changes as well as of course security sector reform and gender reform such as early integration of the country's police security and military forces and these reforms happened thanks in large part to really active civil society organizations many of which came out of anti-war protest movements of the 90s and it's important to note that in Serbia and ex-Muslim women were really the drivers of creating a civil society as well as a lot of peace building during and post conflict though of course they were left out of the official peace negotiations so again thanks in large part to these organizations the country passed its first national action plan for UNSCR 3215 in 2010 and very excitingly Serbia's second nap has just been approved by the cabinet and Serbia's nap is unique in that it's housed in the Ministry of Defense rather than other more traditional ministries such as gender ministries or ministries of the interior and it really focuses on security sector integration which has actually been one of the criticisms from some sides that it's kind of narrowly focused on security sector in 2012 during the parliamentary elections of that year a gender quota system was also introduced that required a third of all candidates to be women and as we know that's the best way to ensure that they are elected so they were elected to 84 of 250 seats that year therefore dramatically increasing their political participation over 20 years since that awful 1.6 percent what is now 34 percent of seats in parliament which is one of the highest rates in the world so that's of course very exciting but there's also so much more to look into in the story of gender security in Serbia. My first takeaway from researching the Serbian case relates to the importance of understanding the specific ways that women are exercising power within a particular society whether it's formal or informal in the various roles that are available to them beyond looking at just the numbers of women in parliament for example as an indicator of likelihood to implement gender reforms. In Serbia's case there's a legacy of gender equality that stems from the post-World War II communist period lasting until the late 1980s where after World War II women were actually rewarded for their participation in the fight against fascism and the rebuilding of the country with equal rights including an education equal pay and even politically within the party holding some important positions. This legacy of participation is something that respondents told me is often not recognized from abroad and the rise of Milosevic in the late 80s is remembered as coinciding with male dominated suppression overtaking political life but as one former member of parliament Milica Delavic pointed out there was a difference between quote a formal way of wielding power and informal way of wielding power where many women who were wives of male politicians were actually able to be political leaders in their own right and importantly again there was these very strong women led grassroots protest movements including by the well-known women in black which has organized more than 500 anti-militarism protests in the region and this represents again an almost paradoxical contrast to this macho political mentality of Milosevic which emphasized women's roles as only carriers of the nation and sort of passively providing soldiers and support. This legacy is therefore key to understanding the current situation and how representation has risen so high it has actually historically been so high in different ways over time. Another thing that came up in my interviews was the importance of external actors and processes in influencing the double kids his agenda both in positive and negative ways. Serbia's political joy goal of joining the European Union for example has bolstered prospects for reform by contributing funding on by having gender inclusion provisions in their accession criteria and through measurements and indicators such as the EU index for gender equality which Serbia was the first country outside of the EU to adopt. However other respondents have negative perceptions on the relationship between these two goals telling me that gender inclusion is a priority pushed on to the country by external actors and that there is a lack of political buy-in from the government which only uses these goals as tools to gain funding or favor in the US session talks. One other factor is I think a somewhat common perspective that external actors often tell Serbia to approve or to take on these priorities without really acknowledging their continuing struggles as a nation such as economic disparity, ethnic tension, and continuing ongoing political turmoil. There's a feeling that the entire country has been continuously villainized by the rest of the world which results in a distrust of foreign intervention that can slow progress. One interviewer Natasha Kacinich, a former student protester and current social worker said and I quote there's so much blame and shame put on these people so unless you acknowledge that suffering and pain you cannot start having these conversations with people about helping others. People have to say this is what happened to us and this is what we need to do for others. My final takeaway is the different roles of structural versus cultural change where in Serbia's case there have been many structural improvements that are important but there's still very traditional patriarchal cultural norms in especially the home and workplaces which can prevent these advances from being taken seriously and implemented. I'll give you a couple of examples. One as I mentioned the quota system which would pass and benefit of women like Milica Belovich I mentioned who shared that she never would have been ranked so highly on the parties list but because it needed to be every third candidate was a woman they actually had to look for women to that could take it on into list and she got in that way. However Sofia Mundich who is a researcher at the Belgrade Center for Security Policy told me that quote MPs have accepted the quota amendment as the necessary evil and not out of a true understanding that the underrepresented gender should increase their presence minimally in the parliament. She said that often women are forced to vote following the party command and not according to their own priorities and that there's a common belief that they're taking away seats for more qualified men. A women's parliamentary network was also formed against structurally to promote women in politics and try to propose joint amendments that address women's issues of women's issues but there is often unfortunately a culture of competition and aggression towards one another within that network that prevents it from being as supportive as possible. As a final example and another legacy of communism the country officially has an extremely generous parental leave policy which is again another legacy of the communist times that has remained but another responded Isabella Streamak experienced this right being completely disrespected by her male boss who threatened her into continuing to work for him even while on maternity leave as a first-time mother. So even when these policies are in place they can be abused if workplace culture does not take women's rights seriously. In conclusion even with these challenges as now a third session of parliament contains a higher percentage of women and as they are increasingly represented slowly in departments that were previously considered male domains such as defense, police, border security and infrastructure cultural norms are beginning to change. As Mickey Yachtovic of Inclusive Security told me, quote, as somebody who has lived through that war I just don't buy the narrative that nothing's working in Serbia. I lived through nothing is working but what I do see is when I go to Leskovac and 100 men and women show up to talk about security through a gender lens that came out of something. I always say I'm more curious about why these things work. Literally in Serbia there is a lot that is working and that we should pay attention to especially considering their recent history and the continuing struggles they face. So I would like to leave you on the optimist of feeling about Serbia and I hope to continue learning from these activists and leaders and amplifiers. Thank you. Perfect timing. Thank you very much. Dylan, you're next. Thank you. Thank you all for being here today. Well I'm I'm excited today to be presenting initial thoughts from a study that I'm doing with Sahana Dharmapuri here for our secure future women make the difference. Since December 2016 we've been conducting interviews and surveys with men from across sectors who are engaged in the women's peace and security agenda, champions of gender equality in peace and security or experts themselves on these issues. We've talked to over 50 men with the survey probably corresponded in different ways with over 75 men. From the US government's civilian side, from the US military, from other governments, from other militaries, civil society and international organizations. It's a sample obviously. It's meant to be a first step really for us to gather some views from that side of the population that we seek to engage more. We thought that we needed to talk to men who were already involved and already cared about this issue in order to better inform our policy research and advocacy, which is so often directed towards advocating towards this community. So really one of the central questions and a lot of the themes that I'll be touching upon in my presentation won't be new or shocking to any of this audience. But we really did ask, you know, what is men's role in women peace and security? Do men matter in women peace and security? Especially since there are so many misperceptions around that that seem to be obstructing men's full engagement and the agenda. So women peace and security obviously presents an opportunity to make peace processes and security structures more inclusive effective and sensitive to the capacities and needs of the entire population. Men are critical partners in this endeavor and we need to realize that men can both move this agenda forward, but also obstruct this agenda because they are dominant in peace and security structures and processes. So if we're going to get to the transformational change that resolution 1325 and women peace and security envisions, we can't do it without men's involvement. So we talked to this swath of men who are involved to get their views and this kind of represents what they said to us. So the first thing is men can be messengers for this agenda and what men told us who are involved is that they can be strong messengers, often turning the gender issues on their head. The fact that if men talk about this agenda, it is often given more weight, more credibility than women talking about the agenda. And that's a sensitive topic for the men who are involved in this agenda. They don't feel great about that, but in order to help the agenda move forward, they're willing to use that strategic advantage. We also, which will be a surprise to any of you, found that men who did come from the military and traditional defense backgrounds felt that they could convey added credibility talking to these constituencies because they have that credibility in both policy side and or operational side. And they can be bridge builders, an important role between the traditional security, national security, environment and communities and the civil society if they are able to work between those. However, the men we talked to were also cautious. They said, you know, we can play a role. We want to be allies. We want to help this agenda move forward. But don't pay too much attention to engaging us. We don't want to dilute the women, peace and security agenda. We don't want to take over the women, peace and security agenda. There should not be preference for men getting getting these positions as I think you mentioned the glass elevator. Let's keep it in perspective. But we do we do feel that we have a role to play. So how are men supporting women, peace and security right now? Well, I mean, I think we know from this environment, from being at this conference, some of that. But men have usually been the targets of our advocacy in this in this movement rather than the advocates themselves. That's slowly changing. But our study shows that for many men who have become champions or more heavily involved in this agenda, it's still a fairly new agenda to them. Most that we talked to had well 50 more than 50 percent have become aware of women, peace and security in the last five years. So it is still fairly new and fairly recent for many of them. And many of our military interviewers had interviews had only heard of it very recently. And they also told us that the national action plan in the US, but the national action plan in other countries had opened up a lot more space for them to to to understand this agenda and be a part of it. And men were observing increasingly men and women working together towards it. So one of our I think our key our key themes that came out of this that I think is really, really important is that the men that we talk to really see this as a redefinition of security. And what was interesting is we saw that across the interviews. This wasn't just talking to civil society representatives. It was also military representatives as well. So so interestingly enough, this is this is really this really shows that that the men who are getting fully engaged in this agenda are getting what 1325 and women peace and security is truly about women, peace and security emerged from an understanding among civil society that our current structures and processes just are not working. That they're exclusionary and they're not tapping into the rich knowledge and experiences and needs on the ground. And the men we talked to from across the sectors seem to realize this wasn't just a mandate driven or rule driven agenda. This is actually a transformational agenda. And they focused on that potential in the interviews. They also acknowledge that current processes instructors are not providing peace and security for much of the world right now. And that this agenda actually offers a chance for deep structural and social change. We can change how we view the world and we can change how we approach these issues. And the men that we talked to said they acknowledge the progress that we have made with the mandates with the integration so far in our structures. But they also said we now need to as we think about going into the next decade move we have the mandates in place we have much of this rule-based architecture in place. Now we really need to move into norm changing. And we've talked about this in in other panels and throughout this conference. You know they said this symbolic high level attention on women peace and security is important but not sufficient. We can't just add women to the existing structures. It's a misrepresentation of what this agenda is. The goals are to transform the perspectives the processes and institutions. We need to include women but it is not all of it. And and they were hopeful in a way that even though we're facing tremendous uncertainty in the world today these challenges that are so difficult for us to grapple with with our current processes our current structures that in a way our current security environment the instability the terrorism the scarcity the food the food security all these issues that are challenging us to think in new ways are actually an openness an opening for this agenda. And an acknowledgement even among our military interviewees military force can't solve these underlying issues. And so we need to start changing the way we think about social constructs and behaviors if we're ever ever going to address these problems sufficiently. So across interviews one of the well really men said okay what's the biggest obstacle to move this agenda forward and it is by far organizational cultures and leaders resistance from leaders. These are the greatest impediments we now face to women peace and security and they also said even in their experience coming from their standpoint obviously they can't speak for and they haven't had the experience of women but from their standpoint they were seeing pervasive gender blindness in peace and security institutions and gender bias. 50% of those that we talked to probably more than 50% at this point reported that they themselves had seen or experienced or observed instances of directed gender bias against the women peace and security agenda. So they do recognize it. So how do they themselves get from not knowing anything about women peace and security to becoming champions or experts in we wanted to know this is an important part of the story and it's been mentioned before about the personal. In this case the personal is political because the men we talk we talked to had transformational personal experiences that pushed them that made this agenda resonate deeply. So it wasn't institutional push as much as it was they had an experience growing up they saw something in their early professional careers. Military talked about seeing the realities of war or seeing exploitation and abuse. Growing up in environments where they directly experienced gender-based violence in their families or on the opposite side grew up with very feminist and empowered mothers. So we tend to like to disengage the personal from the professional in women peace and security. We can't do it I think if we're going to engage more people in this agenda I think we need to tap into that. And so you know it really altered their perspectives and as one one interviewer said once you put on the gender lens you keep take it off the world never looks the same. So I'm running in. Oh okay okay so a couple of things that we heard you know in terms of okay how do we move this issue forward. First the men the interview said yeah we've got to cultivate champions right we can't dislodge this agenda from we can't disconnect the internal change that needs to happen in institutions from the external work that we do with partners. We need to it needs to work together we need to walk the walk inside our peace and security institutions in order to make the case for women peace and security with partner nations and so forth and build the competencies we talked about core competencies the first day we need to build the competencies and give more people in our institutions the opportunity to engage with this issue the opportunity to work on women peace and security and we need gatekeepers we need the gender advisors we need the focal points to make sure it's not lost in the process we need to address gender norms as a foundation for peace it's the missing piece we need to talk about we need to open the discussion we need to talk about masculinity's good and bad we need to talk about the masculine abuse that drive conflict but we also need to talk about the positive masculinity's that can help us we need to talk about feminine too so we need to have open this discussion much more than it's ever been before that's what they're saying and we need to frame the message we need to tailor it so very careful tear tailoring bring the local needs and solutions to the table let's bridge what the local people are saying men and women to our policies and to our programs and start to broaden the conversation let's bring in business people let's bring in media let's broaden this conversation let's sometimes broaden the framing what are we really talking about what's the bottom line here that we're trying to get at the future of humanity really so really our interviewers thought we were on the cusp of a new phase for this agenda we it's time to reflect that's exactly what we're doing here reflect on the body of what we've learned but now we expand beyond the micro interventions now we expand to the structural the social these issues that are really important security depends on everyone one of our interviewers said we are not so much talking about policies we're talking about human values we have the capability to change how we see the world another said do we consider women peace and security a ceiling or a floor because it can be transformative if we see it as a floor and so that's where I will leave it and thank you so much if you're interested in our study we're not done yet so please come to me and I'd love to talk to you about it thank you we will open the floor now to Q&A yeah there you go I started with connections that I had and people that so I again was helped a lot by security and people there who helped connect me with others and other like personal connections that connect to people so that's part of it just honestly like trying to find people that would be interviewed and just starting to look at who was really advocating this agenda in Belgrade and Serbian society and it was a lot of these think tanks that are surprised by there's so many there like I don't know dozens of think tanks and civil society organizations so just looking at the names that were continuing to be repeated and trying to reach out to people but it was really I have the most success with personal connections that were able to make sure that I got responses I would like to get more responses from current members of parliament which was hard for me to reach so there are sectors that I want to hear more from that I haven't been able to but I think really there are so many different I think all sectors of the society are affected by security and haven't been at it so I was not descriptive who I got opinions from and I really let the interviews drive my questions and continuing research so again it's work in progress and I would like to be more specific moving forward but in the beginning it was really who would talk to me and who had some strong opinions about this topic and who was really working on it I hear correctly I was going to ask you if you interviewed your mother did I hear I did. Yes she was one of my first interviewers. I just think that would be one of the first interviews you do. Well again I think everyone experiences this of course women in Serbian society had opinions about what my first initial questions were what is what are the changes that you've seen in your lifetime or what are what are the challenges and what are the specific situations that you experienced and so yeah those early interviews with family and family friends were really helpful in driving the further conversations and also often correcting me and you know sort of studying me straight on my initial sort of naive questions and framing of the situation and correcting me to say no this was actually much earlier this was you know you know we don't see the problems this way we see all of these this progress that we've made and sort of really I had to step back and let the interviews. My question is for JoLynn. We talked about how to move the issue forward on WPS and need to cultivate champions working together. Did the men give you any ideas on how to cultivate champions? Any suggestions? They acknowledged the difficulty but I do think they acknowledged that how individual this is and I think on the advocacy side we felt a lot of pressure to kind of find the magic frame that's gonna you know attract people and and I think the what we got from the interviewees is saying this is really institution specific but it's individual specific so it's almost to cultivate more supporters has to almost be done on a one but one to one basis and so but they did say senior as has been brought up so many times during this conference I mean senior leadership no matter what kind of not just the military policy side civilian side senior leadership plays a really important role and senior male leadership because it let's be honest it's mostly senior male leadership plays an important role because having those men speak on this and reinforce the message starts to move that really resistant bureaucracy forward but the missed opportunity oftentimes is the mid-level the mid-level really needs to be cultivated in these institutions because we tend to pay attention to the really senior level but the mid-level there are men who really want to work on this and they're not always getting the opportunity to do so so I think that's yeah thank you all for sharing your expertise and presentations I also have a question for Jolin building off of what Sheila said and this is something that came up in the curriculum consortium that we had a few days ago is just the relationship across field so how we what we see in academia parallels what we see in the military and my question for you Jolin is has there been any coordination or are you familiar with any coordination for what's going on in the corporate world as well and is there anything we can learn from the as you said organizational culture is one of the main obstacles as well as leadership and I think we've seen a number of high-profile stories around the toxic cultures that are existing in the corporate world as well do you think there are ways to coordinate or things that could be learned across different fields yeah I think I think that's a really important point that came up in a several different dimensions so when we one thing we asked the men we interviewed is like you know how do you frame this issue because we wanted to know for an advocacy and you know it came up quite a bit in terms of you know sometimes it's effective to bring in those corporate examples as well not just limit our examples of why this matters to our own little constituency so bringing that in so it came up on that side on the framing side but it also came up as like a huge obstacle our silos and one of the things is you know as we know I mean military talks military and you know and and so we're not having that necessarily that cross fertilization but not just the corporate but like the smaller business the small business community in the communities in which we're working because we had a real cross-section of interviewees so we had interviewees who were at the policy level but we also had interviewees who were like in the communities working really deeply in these issues so it in a way it was a challenge because they're all speaking at different levels but I think you know from those working in the communities they said we have to bring in the business people and then you know from those that were really trying to make that hot those higher level arguments they were also saying we need it so silos was I mean not shockingly you know it always comes up right but you know so there was a lot of attention how we build bridges between these different communities and the other thing that came up you know some of the men said if they themselves crossed those disciplines that was really helpful so like if they had a military background and then they went into the NGO field you know or they had a you know they crossed those lines themselves then they could speak the language they could use the vocabulary strategically and start to build the bridges and still understand the importance of you know bringing in the civil society and all these things so yeah it came up in a lot of different ways Thank you Oh I was just going to add to Jill's comment about you know how to engage people because one of the feedback we did get from Westminster is that this is the first time anybody asked them what they thought about when the peace and security or how they felt about it or how they got involved in it and so we also saw the opportunity of you know given that it that they were saying like it's really personal and it's a one on one connection it's actually creating more opportunities for men to talk to other men about these issues and what looks them look like and what kind of community not leaving women out but somehow creating more space or opportunity for men to dialogue with each other Yeah I mean because there were there was really I mean there's been no opportunity for men who are advocating for the issues to share their lessons learned either so we were trying to at least document start to document it I just wanted to say though I mean that's a really important point but we're not even inviting them to our conferences you know what I mean I've been to a lot of conferences over the last few years and the amount of women that are attending the peace and security conferences is far outweighed when they're on the meeting so we should start inviting them to be panelists and to come to conferences Well one thing that they said was not that they weren't invited but they themselves were self censoring because they felt like they didn't want to intrude like the more sensitive they are to the agenda the more they self censor because they feel like they don't want to intrude on the conversation Yes I wanted to speak to the question about the global business compact The global business compact there was a women in power in principles and I don't remember which is which there's a bunch of aggregates from the United States community like we the WP the women's power in principles or maybe the other way around and then the UN adopted that and they called it something so there's two different names but if you look at the women in power principles I believe it's been done across the international sector for the global for the business side so that might be somewhere that we should start Thank you Phil I'm sorry I'm going to take this one on you Tim So I've had several women bosses and I was curious whether or not you include women in the discussion who basically stand in the way of other women They talk to talk but they don't walk the walk and in fact as you get into the higher echelons it's getting just more and more competitive and I find that I have better mentors than I do It's actually come up in other wise studies in my previous life but yeah no it did come up and I think it also came up so men brought this up definitely and it also came up in the context of the issue that we can't reduce this to parity or we can't reduce this to like just let's shove women in the existing structures and it's all going to turn out okay for women peace and security the forces to conform to those structures and those cultures are really strong so especially if you're one of the few So you know there's all these dynamics that happen and I think one of the things that was coming out is we need to peel back these layers a little bit now that we have the baseline rules and the baseline mandates and sort of let's we need to start getting into the uncomfortable conversations and I think that's what people were saying when we interviewed it might not be comfortable but we're never going to get to the agenda if we don't start doing the conversations and opening and that's one of the pieces for sure Mary if there's no one else I have another question Please go ahead I don't want to So Nika I'm going back to you because I really had two questions for you but I wanted to make sure everybody got to ask the panel the other question I had and thinking about your study is since it's kind of a personal thing for you where do you see this region of the world going with women peace and security you thought about that as a student you know as a grad student so what do you think some of the main roles are going to do and do you think they will shift? I think I was actually this was one of the corrections I had I am hopeful about the situation in the Balkans for women peace and security I think there's a lot of actual collaboration within the countries that are working on this where a lot of the people doing gender in Serbia or some of the really prominent politicians or women in government or good friends with their counterparts in Bosnia and then well maybe not so much Kosovo but in the other countries and that was surprising to me a bit so I think that's really hopeful that and another thing that maybe we don't recognize enough from here that we tell a simple story that I mentioned too about tensions and conflict and it's really not always the case there's a lot of collaboration and a lot of synergy so that makes me really hopeful for the region that especially I think as is so often the case women and men who are working on these issues see past their differences to work together and I think that's a hopeful thing another aspect that will be really important moving forward is again all of these organizations and society groups that are present in exubisobia where they have been instrumental and really driving the effort to pass the national action plans and to enforce them and implement them and monitor them and produce their own reports on what's happening but they also are not utilized enough and they're not included enough and I think that's been one of the challenges with the two I haven't read the second national action plan yet I don't think it's publicly available but definitely with the first one that there wasn't enough inclusion of those really local groups and bringing in and mentioned the think tanks that are really prominent and doing a lot of work but there are also these really local community groups that are maybe not as academic or not as formal or are sometimes like women in black I mentioned more critical and feminist like you know not going to just go with the flow of what people want to do so they're left out of the conversation and I think that if we can listen to them more both in Serbia and in the region and include them that's been one of the big successes is this partnership that has been created in collaboration and I think again that's something that's common of a lot of the national action plans that they foster dialogue between governments and society and other sectors but it's something that will be important moving forward to continue doing JoLynn, I don't mean this in any offensive way but a syndrome I've seen throughout my life is the bearded cleric syndrome, my words, of having the pretext of being a religious figure, male religious figure to tell the audience what the role and status of women is according to God have you engaged in the bearded clerics and discussion with them because if you don't their influence on society is going to continue to arguably perpetuate that disparity and a quick note to Nika, if you wish, we have just a few minutes if you want to ask your parents if they wish to say anything Alright, so this is where the caveats for the street park come in as you know this is a huge part of the discussion about engaging men at the local levels and so there's the work on this ongoing and we didn't focus on that I mean really even just like Nika the interviews kind of drove the content you know what people want to talk about and we were talking to civil society representatives that are working on the ground they tended to focus a little bit more on opening this larger space for discussion about okay men who came out of military environments or in different segments of society so there wasn't really that central focus on the religious leaders so it just didn't emerge as much but it was because I think of the nature of who we talked to and what the projects were more than any sort of sense that it's not being looked at so please look my way out of the back To answer your question, of course if my parents wouldn't like to say anything as immigrants and you know really the drivers of my interest and work in the subject please look left in here for sure If you'd like to use that please Hi everyone, my name is Isabella Strymak and obviously very proud parent of this young woman and just very quickly it's been a great joy and great experience to participate in her project and her interests and kind of revisit where we came from and what we went through and what we are building forward and you know remind ourselves that you know what was the cause of all that and what was the motivation behind it and doing this project together with her and answering her questions it kind of idealized it kind of made a full circle for us caused the circle of us living in our country to provide better opportunities we have two daughters for two young women and how she found her interest and passion we took it back at that region and with the gender frame it's been really kind of brought full circle for me as a mother we are building our path and our choices so I'm very very grateful for that


Here's the class we developed in a preceding video to represent a rectangle, and here's a test program that calls the git area and git perimeter methods of two different rectangles and prints the results. Let's compile that and run it, and that works. What we'd like to do is print out the value of the rectangle so that we can see their width and height. Let's give it a try by doing this. System.out.println r1 is plus r1, and then here System.out.println r2 is plus r2. Compile that, and let's see what happens when we run the program this time. We get the object class and its memory location. It's not terribly helpful, and it's certainly not what we want. In order to get more useful output, we need to go to the class definition and define a new method. This will be a public method that returns a string, and its name will be two string. This method has no parameters. The body of the method will create a string that contains the information we want to see when we print the object. Let's create a string called result, and that will be string.format, and the format string will be width, and a placeholder, height, and a placeholder. The placeholders will be filled in with the width and height fields from our class. Two important things to notice here. First, we're not using System.out.printf. This method should not print anything. Instead, we're using string.format, which does the same thing as printf, but puts the result into a string rather than on the screen. The second thing to notice is that we didn't put a new line here. The string that we returned doesn't have a new line. We'll leave that up to whoever called us to decide whether they want one or not. Now let's return that result and compile. When we come back to our test program and run it again, now we have the output that we want. You'll notice that I didn't say two string anywhere here. That's because Java is taking care of that for us. Whenever it sees an object that's going to be added onto another string, it implicitly calls the toString method. We can call it explicitly. We could say r2.toString in this line, compile it, and it will work the same. The decision of whether to call toString implicitly or explicitly is up to you. I just want you to know that both options are available. And that's how you can get useful output of the contents of an object by creating your own toString method.


Next question is from Danny Burdick. How does poor gut health affect the metabolism and your ability to efficiently lose body fat? Okay, so I'm gonna change the question just so that the answer becomes more obvious But then we'll get more specific to this particular question. So the question now is how does poor health affect? Metabolism and your ability to lose body fat, right? If you're unhealthy Your body isn't gonna adapt as well to anything It's going to want to hold on to body fat because body fat is an insurance policy, right? If you have stored body fat on your body, that is just in case something goes wrong Just in case you don't have enough food just in case you get sick, right? You've got all the stored energy by the way our body does store glycogen in our liver and some in our muscles But it pale even lean ripped athletes have far more energy stored as body fat than they do as glycogen So it's this wonderful insurance policy.  So if you have poor health, you're not gonna build as much muscle So now let's talk more specifically about the gut. Although that falls under this category It's there's some pretty interesting specifics when it comes to gut health number one nutrient deficiencies become much more Prominent so if you have poor gut health, you're not absorbing nutrients In fact nutrient deficiencies are quite common even in people who supplement When they have poor gut health because their body's just not absorbing enough nutrients Does that affect your hormones and your metabolism? Absolutely poor gut health also strongly contributes to overall systemic Inflammation, so if you're gonna work out and get inflamed and have to heal from that Well now you're even more inflamed and it's gonna be it's gonna take you even longer to recover This is a big issue that a lot of Athletes start to run into later on because we tend to hammer ourselves with food We tend to hammer ourselves with exercise Lots of stress on the body can also make the gut more susceptible to having issues We eat right after we work out which is often a good idea But sometimes not a good idea, especially if we worked out really really really hard It can cause gut, you know imbalances then we take lots of supplements with you know artificial sweeteners Which there's debate as to whether or not it's okay for the gut or not I think that it's probably I lean more towards a probably not good for the gut And so then you see all these athletes who've been working out for a long time and they find in the 30s Can't digest food like they used to all of a sudden foods that they used to eat now They can't eat anymore and then their bodies are just not just not responding like they used to but like way differently Than they used to so this is a big deal, but so is your overall health So if you're unhealthy you can pretty much kiss, you know burning body fat and building muscle on stuff Goodbye, it's just not gonna happen as much. Well, I think there's an even simpler way to put this So and I think I remember it was I think it was Paul checked the first time we interviewed him that I really loved the way that He talked about this and I don't think I'd ever communicated it This way before and it's really this simple is your body has like 11 major systems in it And if any of them are off it affects all of them. They're all connected. They're all your one thing That's right. And it's it's and the reason why this is even a question or why there's some in somewhat of a misunderstanding Around this is because in Western medicine. We isolate we take, you know, you're you're there's a digestive system the hormone system Yeah, we're educated that way around it our professions are around that you go see a specialist for each one of those There's unless you're going to see like a holistic type of doctor. You're not you're not getting that You're getting someone who's talking to you about the central nervous system You're trading somebody who's talking to you about the skeletal system You're getting somebody that's talking about the digestive system But the truth is they all they all work together and if one of them is not running optimally It is going to negatively affect all of them now Maybe it negatively affects one system more than the other But they're all being impacted and that your your body has to prioritize To try and get that running optimal if it's prioritizing any of its energy and resources To try and fix that area that's not doing well the gut in this situation Then it's not going to be able to put as much resources to other systems It's like looking at a couple it's like looking at a car and saying Which one of these affects the car's ability to drive the the the pistons right the exhaust system the fuel injection Or the tires like all of them if all if any of one of those are off Yeah, you are which one affects the speed of the car. Yeah, they're all going to affect the car So they're all they're all going to have an issue. So if you have poor health anywhere Then it's going to make everything uh much more challenging Well, I do think though too. This is one of those overlooked areas And now it's just starting to get light because of like new science and you know We're getting more information in terms of like, you know, how to better address like gut health, uh, especially in athletics like In in what we're consuming and like how that really affects the overall System of the body and so I think that it's good that it's getting highlighted now people asking questions like this Because it's it's pointing to that fact that this is also something to really consider when when you want your body to perform at its best And and to be able to get the kind of results that you're looking for So if something like this needs to be addressed you need to look into I remember when uh, we started the podcast about six years ago Nobody in this space was talking about gut health. I mean you had the very Holistic wellness side that talked about it, but nobody in sports performance Fat loss or muscle building was talking about gut health And I remember we would bring it up We were kind of the first people in the space to really talk about it quite a bit And I remember all the messages I was getting from people who were like, oh crap It was mind-blowing to me. Yeah, even like I was I was never exposed to information, you know going through all the certifications and Uh through athletics and you know, obviously you knew that you wanted to kind of eat Better food just because you don't want to get like fatter But that was really the the the gist of what kind of information Well, it's again, it goes back to what I was saying that we just we were not educated that way We're educated in a way that breaks up all the systems And when you're thinking of like the digestive system and you're in the business of building muscle and burning body fat You just don't think about how much those those are actually connected to each other and You know, I think that's the mistake we make a lot of times is realizing that and I mean even like Mental stress will affect all those things. There's so many there's so many things that Affect your ability. That's why it's so complex too. And not always it's never a simple answer for someone Is like, oh, I'm having a hard time losing body fat even though I'm doing all these things She's calories in calories out, bro. Yeah, no, it's way more complex than that. Totally


ever Ospo Awards at OspoCon in a 2022. Yay! Crowd of thousands! Brought to you by the to-do group Steering Group, where today we'll be awarding the Best Ospo Ambassador and the Ospo of the Year Awards. The Steering Committee includes myself, Stephen Jacobs, Ashley Wolfe from GitHub, Stephen Augustus from Cisco, Don Foster from VMware, Shilise Abe from Comcast, V.M. Vicki Bressour from Y-Pro, and Thomas Steenbergen from EPAM. The to-do group Steering Committee tries to help support Ospo's any way we can. It's always a challenge when you're supporting both new groups and groups that have been in existence for a long time. It's kind of a balancing act, so we try to make sure we're doing that. So we coordinate with the to-do group's program manager, Anna, take a bow. We could do nothing without Anna. We handle business and marketing manners. We try to set up working groups and initiatives that are in support Ospo's around the world, setting up policies, rules, and procedures for the to-do group as a whole. And if you don't know who the to-do group is, the to-do group is a formal entity under the Linux Foundation that is there to support open-source program offices in general. The Steering Committee sets up our own internal procedures around elections, nominating people to be on the Steering Committee in the process of how that goes. The strategic goals, at least for this year, are to produce good group guides and use cases to help extend the stretch of Ospo's everywhere. There's been a recent push, for example, outside of the to-do group in getting Ospo's in academia, and so I'm there to help with that. There are lots of other ones that are starting to spin up, so we want to support them as well as traditional software companies, as well as you've seen presentations this week about the automotive industry and Linux and open-source software and Ospo's within those corporations. We encourage more active participation in the series we produce called OspoLogy, which is a webcast once a month where you can learn more about how Ospo's work from the experienced folks who run them. We try to build connections with other communities both inside of the Ospo tent and outside of the larger open-source community event. We run two annual satisfaction surveys a year with what we're doing to get community feedback, so please, if you see those, show up in your email, fill them out, because we want to know what we can do better. We're refreshing the website. We try to spread out more of our programming around the world, not just being US centric, and internally we're looking at how we do our tooling and how we get our processes supported by our technological infrastructure. And these are open with milestones that you can find and track, so the link down there, github.com, to do group governance, if you're interested in being part of our process or keeping us on target and on task. That's a guide for you to help us do better. And this year we decided to create awards for the first time. And so we're going to announce the winners of those awards. So without further ado, surprising no one, probably the queen of Ospo evangelism promotion, who's currently the chief open-source officer at AWS, who does an awesome job. She will win this lovely set of candlesticks, I mean this lovely award. What can you do with it? Well, I was wearing it on my head for a picture that Anna took, if that's what you'd like to do, you're more than welcome to. So we have a box for you to take it in so you don't have to wear it on your head walking into the airplane. So congratulations, pose. Yes, the happy recipient. Thank you, this is lovely. Well, it's well deserved. Thank you. Nitch has been very supportive of the work that I was doing at RIT even before we were in Ospo, coming out to the university to talk to our students and our faculty. So well deserved. Our good friends at Goldman Sachs were already heading out on a plane, so they could not join us today at this event, but they have been informed of their award and they are quite pleased. So a round of applause for Goldman Sachs. What was that? They received the prize. Yes, we did give them the prize. We didn't tell them that they, it's not like a raffle on the exhibit floor that you have to be there to win. We'll make sure that they got to take theirs with them. And pretty much that's all we wanted to do today is take a quick minute to kind of honor the offices and the people who are doing great work and you'll see more from them and more from us as the year progresses. Anna, do you want to add anything else from the to-do group? Anyone on the steering committee, Don and I who are here can testify that Anna works 24-7365, so anytime anybody needs anything they can reach out to her. Thank you for your time and attention and go have a pleasant evening. My very great pleasure to be of service.


Hey hello friends welcome again to another session on triangles and we have been doing congruence criterion proving right so in the previous few sessions we saw different criteria what all SAS then ASA then AAS SSS now we are going to take up the last one which is RHS congruence criterion so again as we have been doing so what we'll do is we'll first explain the congruence criteria and then we will prove it here itself okay so first of all what's RHS so as the name suggests and most of you would be knowing it already you have done it in previous grades we're just trying to prove the theorem here right now so what's the statement and what we're going to prove and how so RHS stands for R for right angle H for hypotenuse in S for any other side other than the hypotenuse so clearly if you see here there are two triangles and if you see this is 90 degree guys so I have I have made two 90 degree right angle triangle okay so this is right so it's given what is given so let's start with the statement statement is if there are two right triangles right or two triangles where two angles are right yeah so two angles are right mean one and one triangle has one right angle and there is another triangle which is also right angle and if the hypotenuse are same that is this is AC here is equal to PR point number one point number two any of the two sides so let's say BC is equal to QR if that is so then these two triangles will always be congruent that's the statement right once again right angle do right angle triangles if hypotenuse are same and one of the other two sides are also same also equal then two triangles are congruent that is what we are going to prove and how are we going to prove is again if you see only one angle is there and that two non-included angle so hence SAS is out of question we can't do SAS is it so that means either we have to prove that this improved angle is also equal or if we somehow know that both the angles are equal whichever way so obviously the moment we get only one angle equal that is either of a being equal to p or in this case c being equal to r then in either of the cases we know that this these two triangles are going to be congruent right so hence our job is basically to find out such such condition or find out whether a is equal to p or c is equal to r so hence let us now do it formally and I'm writing given what's given so custom you have to follow to write this so what's given guys it's given that triangle abc sorry let me write here directly as angle two triangles are given triangle abc in triangle abc angle b is equal to angle q and this is equal to 90 degree both of them are equal to 90 degrees this is one then what is given hypotenuse ac the longest side is equal to pr this is also given okay and the third one is bc bc is equal to how much bq bc or let me write q r sorry q r bc is equal to q r I hope the given criteria is clear what is to prove to prove to prove what do we need to prove triangle abc abc is congruent to triangle pq r why are we doing it just for fun yeah so let's enjoy let's do it so abc is congruent to pq r and how do we do that um again we need some construction because until and unless the other angle is equal so that will be going to be tough right if the angles are not equal so how do I do it again as we did in sss criteria you can do the same here right so let's drop a line till this point here pq I'm extending such that q p dash is equal to pq okay that's the thing so hence I will just reflect the line pq around along q r so let's use a tool which is available with geo gibberish so let me just switch it off because it will not work otherwise so let's this reflection tool be there I'm going to reflect this line oh sorry if it just picked up the entire triangle I don't need that I just simply don't need that so let me do it once again and reflect about a line what I have to reflect this this line only about this line and fantastic I got p dash right now q1 dash is the points you know super posing q so let me just hide this q1 dash really will I be able to what do you think uh yeah but then q also disappeared so let me just yeah so I brought q back okay now what we are also going to join these two segments uh sorry points p dash to r okay oh yeah I think it got deviated okay so let me just redo it undo this one yeah so you need not deviate so hence p and right I don't need this g unnecessary confusion so let me just take this away okay now it's clear all of you are clear with the construction so let me also write it let me now switch it on and I'm saying construction what construction I am doing guys construction is this construction so pq so we did this construction pq extended so that it is equal to p dash q and what angle p a b c a b c is equal to angle p q r right and both are equal to 90 degrees 90 degrees okay so this is something uh which we did now and join what join p dash r p dash and r joint right so this is what we have done now we will again compare like we did in sss criteria a b c and p dash q r so I'm saying triangle in triangle a b c and which triangle and triangle p dash q and r let's observe these two triangles this one here and p dash q r there are few things which already know and that is a b is equal to p dash q without doubt why is this because I constructed boss so by construction I constructed it here where where did I mention it here I mentioned pq is um you know oh I'm sorry no sorry sorry sorry this is wrong why is this wrong because pq is equal to p dash q so will it help folks will it help uh let's see so okay so we have done this this is equal to this and this is coming yes it will help so forget about these two triangles what I'm I'm trying to say is um construction pq is not equal to p dash q actually this is what we need to do a change here pardon me what I'm doing is not pq is equal to p dash q actually intelligent thing will be to do a b is equal to p dash q a b is equal to p dash okay so this is the construction I am doing so correction guys correction some you know I was I might be in some other thought when I said that pq is equal to q p dash no a b is equal to p p dash q that's what we are doing okay now a b is equal to p dash q by construction what else I can say angle b is equal to angle p dash q and r perfect why both of them are 90 degrees check a b c is equal to p q r is equal to 90 degrees right I don't know why I did pq is equal to q p dash no so this is the thing right angle b is p dash angle b is p dash q r both are 90 degrees so it's fair enough if I made it also 90 degrees perfect and what else bc is equal to q r given bc is equal to q r this is given so I don't need to do anything over here where is it given here it is here bc is equal to q r so what can I say about these two triangles all of you are intelligent enough now you can figure out that a b c is congruent to triangle p dash q r right a b c is congruent to p dash q r the moment you say that what happens we can say a c hence hence all right therefore therefore therefore ac will be equal to p dash r so ac this is ac so this will become p dash r right but we have seen that or it was given what was given ac was equal to pr so can I not write here itself that this is equal to pr okay because ac was equal to pr it was given now if you look at these two triangles which one let's now consider triangle p q r and what else what else what else yes angle p dash triangle sorry triangle p dash q p dash q r okay p dash q r now in this case pr is equal to p dash r therefore can I not say guys what can I say let me draw a dot properly I don't know why it doesn't appear okay therefore here also I was struggling to make this dot okay so what does this mean this becomes pr pr p r p dash p r p dash is a nice also this triangle and hence I can say this angle is theta and this angle is also theta equal is it so hence I can say triangle q p r is equal to angle sorry not triangle q p dash r which is equal to theta both are equal wait a minute sorry for this glitch so I'll write theta right so q p r is equal to q p dash r equals to 0 or equal to theta now the moment I say that what do I mean now if if you see q p dash r guys q p dash r is actually equal to b ac also why because these two let me use this color here if you look at this very poor line I was trying to let's say yes so this is the line this is the attention pay attention here in this line so this will imply what angle which one b ac b ac is equal to angle which one b ac is q p dash r q p dash r right and now compare these two statements folks what do I get if you see q p r is q p dash r b ac is q p dash r that means I can prove that q p r is equal to b ac and that is what I was looking for understood so q p r is b ac q p r is b ac so hence I can write b ac let's say this is also theta right so q p r and b ac both are equal the moment I get this I am done so let me just make some space here to write okay so I think it will interfere with the right things let me see yes it is so let me not do that yes let me not do that so let me do undo undo yeah go ahead so what do we do so let me write in this small space running out of space here but anyway so now the moment these are so hence you can say triangle in triangle which one a b c and triangle p q r what do we know we know that a b uh sorry so angle c a or b ac angle b ac is equal to angle q p r right we just prove it where here see and angle b is equal to angle q 90 degrees both are 90 degrees and either you take ac or whichever way ac is equal to pr let's say so ac is equal to pr it's given isn't it so ac is equal to pr right so by this so by a a s congruence criteria I can say by a s these two are congruent triangle a b c is congruent to triangle p q r uh just in time or just in space okay so I could write that yeah so hence I declare the triangle a b c a b c is congruent to triangle p q m r fantastic understood right so what did we do we had two triangles we had drawn a b is equal to p q p dash correct an angle also b is equal to q we had maintained that prove that this particular triangle here is congruent to this one got what this angle theta uh sorry this side is equal to this side that is ac is equal to uh this p dash r which was in way in in the intern equal to pr so pr is equal to r p dash the moment we established that we got this theta is equal to this theta the moment these two angles are equal uh what happened uh you know and and this angle theta was equal to theta because these two triangles were proven to be congruent so hence a became equal to p and that is what we were chasing the moment a became equal to p another angle b is equal to q anyways given and to take ac is equal to pr so by a a s the two triangles are congruent and that's it that's how we achieve this congruence criteria right so in all these sessions what did we learn there are four basic criteria of congruence one is s as we learned in the first session then as a corollary to a as a was a as then we learned s s s and now r h s so four and one corollary so in a in a way five you can say but then basically there are four and with these four rules now our four set of uh criteria right we can prove triangles congruence right and we can solve problems related to that now this congruence criteria are going to part of your mathematical journey for a long long time so it's advisable to all of you that solve as many problems as possible on these concepts so that you ingrain them and hence never make or you should be you know perfecting the knowledge so that you should be able to solve any problem related to triangles and their congruences okay so see you in the next sessions with more problems and let's try to improve upon our knowledge thank you


Okay, folks, Larry Pesavento with the mid-afternoon update. We've only got a few things in the green right now, that is, the S&P is up slightly. The NASDAQ is in the stratosphere. I posted a chart here, the Tiger Den. You can see the large ABCD pattern on the weekly chart that is completing. There's so much news going on about artificial intelligence and how these stocks are going to go to the moon and take a lot of people with them. So God bless them. Treasury bondage is down on the day, gold and silver continued, they're cascading down. Went sharply below our price objective of $19.75, and silver, of course, is now $2 a barrel. Let's try it again, Larry, $3 an ounce lower than it was just a few weeks ago. We broke through that key level at $23.91 that we talked about being the exact $3.82 we went through there. Even the grains are down. We finally got a buy price in our December corn, but the soybeans, that pattern failed. So boy, there's a lot of negativity across the board. As a matter of fact, the only things that are up today is you have natural gas, which we thought was going to be going higher. And then of course the Dow Jones, not the Dow Jones, but the S&P and the NASDAQ are both up. So that's a key thing. But everything else, all the currencies are down because a dollar is extremely powerful. If you remember that 110 level in the Euro being the .618 on the weekly chart, said that there was a possibility of that happening. Of course, that possibility has now turned into some type of truth. How much lower we're going to go here in the Euro? We don't know, but there's some really strong support down at that 106 level, which we'll be talking about when we come up. Our guest today is Norm Winsky of Astro Trends. He'll be with us here at the half hour break. He's always got some really interesting things to talk about, especially in the world of astro cycles, which we like to hear about. So Norm Winsky of Astro Trends will be our guest and we'll have some fun chatting with him. So the one thing I'd like for you to do is, if you have any questions, it's<PHONE_NUMBER>, call in and Norm and I will try to answer the questions for you. So be right back after the words from our sponsor.


The study examined the impact of oil rent and natural gas rent on carbon dioxide emissions in 17 Middle Eastern and North African countries from 2000 to 2019. It was found that oil rent had a minimal negative effect on emissions of local economies while having a positive indirect effect. Additionally, it was discovered that natural gas rent had no significant effect on emissions. Furthermore, the study confirmed the existence of an environmental quiznet's curve for the region, with a turning point of 8,698 constant 2015 US dollars. This article was authored by Hader Mahmoud, Najia Saqib, Anas Hamadal Neeladao, and others.


Hi guys, this is Bill Mannish from Mountain View Dodds. I'm here with Colleen Harder. She just bought a brand new 2020 Durango and along with her purchase a $100 donation to the Food Bank of Olds. Thank you so much.


The conveners of this forum, the Likotangotse Foundation and the Bialam Melinda Gates Foundation and Technoserve, I think deserve all our commendation for providing the platform for this hugely important conversation on sustaining fortification compliance levels, but more simply how to ensure that every Nigerian family and especially young Nigerians benefit from more micronutrients in their diets. As it is for all sectors of the economy, the Nigerian food processing industry has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and there's been all sorts of, you know, impacts on aspects of the food business ranging from financing, staff welfare, to supply chain disruptions, etc. Operators in the sector have had to make difficult decisions regarding shutting down or downsizing, you know, asking office-based staff to work from home or putting in place some costly extra practice or procedure to protect plant employees from exposure. And all of this, of course, has taken the toll, but I must say that despite all of this, the, you know, the food industry has shown tremendous resilience. The role that the industry has played during this very challenging period, I think has demonstrated just how strong the industry is and how resilient it can be. The commitment of the leadership of these industries to national development through supporting the food system in Nigeria is quite simply remarkable. And the food systems within the processing sector, you know, we've all heard are fitted for improved nutrition. I must also commend the efforts of the partners in the strengthening African processors of Fortified Foods Project, who have in the past three years focused on increasing consumer access to adequately fortified foods. We have an enormous opportunity here to reinforce the goal of sustainable food fortification in Nigeria. And I'm sure all of us are pleased to see how the average compliance rates to national fortification standards have increased from 50% in 2018 to 75% in 2019 and hitting the target of 90% this year. I believe this platform will continue to serve as an opportunity to review progress on an annual basis and share lessons learned against fortification standards within their respective sectors. The Nigerian government is keen on driving collaborative efforts in enhancing national monitoring and enforcement of fortification quality standards. NAFDAQ, the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, SON, Standards Organization of Nigeria, and the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission have done innovative work in this regard through the joint regulatory framework. Industrial compliance with food fortification standards, especially in wheat flour, salt and sugar, have also improved. We however need to reach full compliance to be able to shape national public health outcomes to the extent that we all desire. The Micro-Neutrant Fortification Index is an interesting innovation that will motivate industries to self-regulate emitting government standards for food fortification. The use of this tool should be adopted by all companies involved in fortification, and I believe it should be made available to stakeholders and shareholders alike. We should be able to hold them accountable as they strive to meet industry benchmarks, including compliance with Nigerian fortification standards. Government regulatory agencies will definitely find the tool useful in support of industrial regulation efforts and consumer expectations. The ministries of finance, budget national planning, industry trade and investment, and health each have a critical role to play and have been at the forefront of food fortification in Nigeria. Through ongoing engagements with the Director General and core group representatives from NAFDAQ, SON, and FCCPC, the collaboration towards enhancing national monitoring and enforcement of fortification quality standards has been strengthened. The challenges faced by the industries of the four targeted food vehicles of edible oil, salt, sugar, and wheat flour are certainly not insurmountable, and I hope with consistent engagements with the relevant government agencies will resolve these issues easily. Let me conclude by once again commending Bill and Aliko for their efforts in nutrition and other development priorities in Nigeria, and indeed for being friends of the government of Nigeria and also Technoself, which is successfully implementing the project on strengthening African processors of fortified foods in collaboration with the Global Alliance for improved nutrition and other partners. The 2021 UN Summit on Food System is around the corner and we are all stakeholders in that process, so I call on everyone to join me as we collectively begin to prepare our participation at the 2021 Summit. Thank you all very much.


Good afternoon, I am Yifanyi, LMA Zem Vase, AZA News Update. A building situated on Adelaidekou in Victoria Island, Lagos, has been gutted by fire. The fire was said to have been caused by a generator explosion which occurred in the early hours. According to witnesses, a car with three passengers parked near the building where the explosion happened caught fire. The fire affected other vehicles and other buildings around the premises. Confirmation of the development spokesperson of the legal state emergency management agency, La Sema Nusau Kumboset, officials of the agency are working to push out the inferno.


Hey, I'm Birkhoff. How's it going? My name is Chris, but you might know me better by my online handle, Xerox. And today, I'm here to talk about an exciting new feature that is just landing in the add-on ecosystem just now, and that I'm really looking forward to seeing, especially for how it's going to change how we write Ember applications. And that feature is template imports. So today, we'll go over what template imports are, if you haven't been following along in all the RFCs. We'll talk about what they look like in general, and we'll talk about how they work today. So let's get started. First off, what are template imports? Well, if you are an Ember developer today, you probably are familiar with how Ember resolves values in a template. It looks up the value based on its type and where it is in the file system. So if you are invoking a component, it'll look it up in the app slash components directory. And if you're invoking a helper, it'll look it up in the app slash helpers directory and so on. On the future, this is going to change. Rather than doing it based on directory structure, you're going to import the values explicitly using JavaScript syntax. And this is going to have a number of benefits. For instance, we're going to have better integration with editors and tooling overall. And we're going to have the ability to have a more flexible file layout. We'll still have strong conventions around our file layout. But you'll be able to have, for instance, components in the same directory as your routes. So if you have a component that's only used in your routes, that'll actually be able to be there with your route definitions, which will be really nice. It'll also work better with bundling and build tools, in particular, embroider, which is really going to be crucial for, you know, the future of bundling within Ember. And it also helps to simplify the internals and have better performance overall. So yeah, that's basically what template imports are. So next up, what do they look like? You can imagine, as soon as we started talking about this, there were a lot of different ideas about what it should look like in practice. Some folks thought that it could basically be the same as HBS files today, but just with the imports added to the top of them. Another idea was that we could do something like view or spelt, where we have a script portion for our JavaScript and a template portion for our templates. And then another idea was to use the existing HBS helper that you use to define templates in tests and just allow it to also refer to in scope values. Rather than committing to a high-level API right off the bat, we decided instead to ship a low-level API first. And that's where we're at today. Available in Ember 3.25 and up, you can use pre-compiled template to define a template that can then be associated with a component. And that can be provided a scope. It can be provided imported values and so on. This obviously isn't what we want people to be writing in their Ember applications. It's very verbose and requires a lot of understanding of low-level APIs. But it allows us to experiment and move forward as a community together, which is really what the goal was. We also created the Ember template imports add-on. The idea there is that rather than having a competition where it's all based on name recognition and so on, we would have a single place where we can share all of the different implementations of template imports and we can work together and share common infrastructure. So if you have an idea for template import syntaxes, please, PRs are welcome, open up an issue, we're happy to add more and happy for the help. Now finally, let's talk about how template imports work in practice today using the Ember template imports add-on. So far, we only have two different formats supported and they're kind of similar to each other. The first one is to use the HBS helper like you would in Ember tests today. And the second one is a new file format called GJS. In the first format in JavaScript files, we can see using the HBS helper, we can just define a template-only component like so. Export default HBS, hello world and there's your template-only component. In the GJS file, we use this syntax, this special syntax of defining a template using angle bracket template and we put our template inside of that and it automatically becomes the default export of that file because it's a top-level template. We can also see how we would use imported values within these templates. We can just import them and then reference them directly from the template itself. We don't have to do anything else beyond that. Another really cool feature about these formats is that it also allows us to actually define those values that we reference in the same file and this is one of the most exciting things about template imports to me. This means you can define a helper in the same file or a modifier or another component in the same file as your template-only component and that makes it much more flexible overall. It means that your template-only component can now have to arrive state. You can have private modifiers. You don't need to create a class in basically any case unless you possibly want to add some state. So let's see what that looks like. Here we add a track property to a component class and we define the template for that component class. In both cases, the template is defined within the class body. In the HBS-Bactic case, it is assigned to the static template property because it has to be valid JavaScript. And in the GJS case, we just define it in the body using our special syntax and it associates it based on it being inside the class body. So yeah, that's what these formats look like overall. And like I said before, we are definitely really excited about this and also open to new ideas, new PRs in general. The whole point of this period is to figure out what the details are, to figure out what the tooling looks like, what the build support looks like, what the ecosystem support looks like. And yeah, let's climb the mountain together. Alright, thank you.


What allowed you to get back in the game, coach? You know, we're just resilient. We're the, you know, resilient team. We fought through, you know, a lot of missed opportunities.  And, you know, we just kept fighting.   Spencer gets caught in a switch against, you know, one of the best players in the league and does a heck of a job. So that was kind of like the picture I leave, you know, from this game. But they're a heck of a team. I think they're an excellent team. It's a really good win for us, especially in front of our home crowd. I know it's early in the season, but mentally, does it feel like a sigh of relief following the New Orleans the way that ended three-game losing streak and to pull it out the way you guys did? Well, then, if you think about our game in Detroit, you know, where we had a shot to win. So we're, you know, it's a great sign we're in these games, you know, and you, you know, regrets when you don't win like in New Orleans and you think of the 30 things you could have done better. And then, you know, like tonight, where you do close it out, you do make the plays, and you do get the stops. So it was a heck of a basketball game.  In some ways, though, you know, building off of that, do you feel like this was kind of a gut check for this team after losing three straight like that? Yeah, and especially, I thought, listen, going into halftime, I was not pleased. You know, I know we were down six or eight, but we were not playing well. I think we started out, you know, gangbusters.  I think we're up 27-12, and then the wheels fell off. You know, we made some substitutions and it kind of, you know, tumbled from there. And then I think, you know, by halftime, I was just, we were just very disappointed in our play. I think, you know, we let them know about it. And to their credit, they turned around. And part of the reason I was upset, just miscoverages and, you know, some breakdowns in transition, just a general lack of focus. So I'm glad we refocused and got back on track. I know you tried a lot of things throughout the course of the game and even looked like maybe had a couple spots of zone. Even looked like. Yeah, we played some zone. Did you change anything tactically, say, near the end of regulation last four, five minutes? And I guess secondly, I know Spencer obviously loves playing. This team could just touch on what he gave you. Right. No, we got more aggressive.  We switched everything. But I think we just, you know, kind of instead of giving up that mid-range shot, we kind of stepped up our bigs and, you know, made them see our big. We didn't want them getting mid-range shots off. And so that was a bit of a change. What can I say about Spencer? He was, you know, phenomenal. I thought he struggled in the first half. I thought his second half was, you know, gray. Not, you know, not just the three-pointers, but him getting to the ram. I thought he caused a lot of his speed and size. It just, he wreaks havoc on the defense. So a lot of really good kick-out plays from our guys, too. Just making that extra pass for open shots. Coach, you mentioned that shortly, getting into the lane, kicking it out. But with shot blockers like Drummond and Blake Griffin in the lane, what do you think about your guys' ability to continue to stay with it and continue to draw the lane? Do you think they did a good job with that? Yeah, great point. And that was, we were just preaching to him. And I felt like we got away from it for a stretch. And that was a time-out kind of the refrain. Keep driving it. Keep driving it. Put pressure on the ram.  So we can, you know, make that kick-out. I thought that was, I thought our guys did a good job of continually continuing to drive it. At the end in overtime, was that play, did you want the ball in Spencer's hands, or was it just, you know, blow down? I'm not exactly sure which player, because there were a couple of plays I drew up in a play. They blew up the play. And he just made an individual play. So, you know, there are some plays that worked. I'm not sure. That might have been, that was kind of him making a play out of nothing. And that's what happens in the NBA sometimes.  And now you've got to, you know, kind of have an individual make a play. And he did. You talked a little bit about Ronde pre-game sort of working his way back. What did you see with him today? And, you know, he was able to stay in the game. You kept him in the game late. So what did you see from him? Well, we had, you know, we needed a Blake Griffin stopper.   You know, this is kind of the new NBA. So to have Ronde, you know, our six, seven, seven foot three wingspan defender on him, it's just a huge help. And then I thought he rolled to the rim a few times. Like we said, he made a couple of plays out of the, you know, the role that I thought were huge. So he was outstanding on both ends.  So you're obviously going to see more of them as he, as it gets healthier and healthier. Coach, you talked about attacking the rim and continuing to put pressure on it. Did you like the breakdown between the amount of threes you guys took and the way you attacked the rim, specifically in the fourth quarter and overtime? It seemed like Karris knew when to go and attack versus selling for the third, not selling for the third, but taking the three. That's the formula. That's we're trying to find that perfect balance. We're not out here to shoot 63s. We're not out here to, you know, we're out there to find the balance between the threes and the rim attacks. So, you know, I do remember the one Joe, you know, I gotta tell Joe, he is allowed to shoot a pull-up jumper instead of running into drumming and charging over him. You know, we've got to make that clear to Joe, but sometimes these guys, they think I'm going to get mad at them for shooting a pull-up, but you know, who knows, you could have gotten a foul there, right? His two feet could have been in the lane and you get two free throws. I just think more good things happen when you do it. So, you know, you take a punishment when you go to the rim and our guys are doing a great job of driving it. Thanks everybody.


You guys so I'm pretty excited to share this amazingly crazy cool news with you I cannot wait to tell you what just happened yesterday if you haven't heard Then you might want to pay attention to what I'm about to say next Okay, so I'm really excited you guys because there's been some great like pretty big news that's been happening in the PA Scope of things and so if you're new to my channel, and you don't know I'm a PA I make PA related videos. What does the PA stand for that is what we're gonna be talking about in today's video If you like what you see after you take a look around go ahead and subscribe and follow me on Instagram edit on the PA Okay, alright, so this is the time when we go to a PA and if you don't know what a PA is it is our like national PA conference and During a PA there are a lot of various different Motions being ruled upon and voted into like existence and all of these different like edicts and things like that right so this is where our governing body and Kind of the leaders of the PA profession go and they kind of make decisions on what we're gonna be all about moving forward And one such decision is the PA name change Now many of you have been asking me questions about the PA name change is the PA name gonna change What does that mean for us? And you know, I honestly didn't know because we were voting on this we were getting sent various different kinds of like Surveys on what name we liked which name sounds best there are names like medical practitioner physician associate There was some other like random names as well But there were like three that were kind of being kicked around on what we were gonna choose and this past Monday all this is what happened. So the PA Name was changed to physician associate Yes, my PA no longer stands for physician assistant. It stands for physician associate So now a lot of you are like well that doesn't mean anything. Okay, whatever. You're still a PA And I mean I am Hashtagging still a PA all over the place because yes, I am still a PA and my job You know like Description I guess you can say in terms of what I do in my day-to-day work does not change But you guys being a physician associate as opposed to a physician assistant is big and let me tell you why so there are a lot of things that you have to think about when you see A name like what's in a name, right? You know your parents give you these names and they give you the names with Meanings behind them with the hopes of you kind of fulfilling some of these meanings. Sometimes they think oh, it just sounds right But names have meaning and being of PA a physician assistant When my patients come in and they see me, you know, I always introduce myself as a PA That's kind of been the push that a PA has been having us do for the past couple years They've really moved away from using physician assistant in all of their various different literature It's been PA and I think that's in part because they wanted this change to happen That's just my two cents, but you know, I think that that's how it went. However in my day-to-day work I'm like, hey, my name is Zidane. I'm the PA that's gonna be seeing you today And you go about that way, so that's not gonna change But I have a little name tag and underneath my little name tag It says physician assistant and when somebody looks at that and they see assistant There is a connotation that goes with that sometimes negative You know sometimes it doesn't even really matter to them but when you think of an assistant you think of Like somebody that is mediocre I guess you could say or not the boss and not the person that is actually directing your care or not the person that you really want to speak to you want to speak to their head and that gives a little bit of Kind of a negative connotation on the PA profession and PAs in general and what we do is practitioners So when you go to associate, it's different. There's a different ring to it There's a different feel you feel like a new person and I just want to tell you exactly why let me go ahead and Read this for you. So I wanted to talk about Specifically assistant and what that meant in terms of The definition of the word assistant and then the definition of the word associate and you can see like the various different nuances, okay? So when we go to Assistant it says a person who ranks below a senior person. Okay a person who helps in particular work So, yeah, we are physician assistants. We do help the the physician in particular work And yeah, we do rank below them, you know, they are attendings But at the same time there are some negative connotations that those various different terms when kicked around can be taken from that and It doesn't necessarily mean that you feel bad about where you're at and your status But maybe there are like some attendings who are like, oh, you're just the assistant and they don't appreciate what you do But again, let's look at the word associate. Okay So When it says comes to associate it says a partner or colleague in business or at work and I think that Absolutely epitomizes who we are as PA's we are partners with our attendings. We collaborate them We are their colleagues They talk to us my attendings like there are some of them that actually like say, well, what do you think Adano? What do you think what medication do you think they should go home on? What antibiotics do you want to send them home on and like it makes me feel good because they're actually Asking my opinion on something. This is not just them directing me to just do this that and the other They are collaborating with me and we're making these decisions together you guys And so this epitomizes who we are as practitioners and who we will be moving forward And so I know that this is gonna take a lot of you. I didn't getting used to Thank God. I didn't put Adana the physician assistant on any of my My like white coat My name it was another PA and I'm happy about that because now we've made this change And I don't really have to do too much rebranding. So that is great I'm happy about that But I'm really just happy about the future and what that looks like and the possibilities that we have moving forward because this is gonna take Some years for it to really set in I think in terms of the old guard Getting in with the new guard, right? And I think as we move with like all of these new residents that are coming in med students that are coming in as they See what PAs do how we collaborate them how we make Lives easier because like some of the things that they may not have time to do we're able to do I think it will be great. So the future is bright for the physician associate profession you guys I'm really excited about that. We are now called physician associates. I am still it on the PA I am still a PA. I still love my job. It's still the number one job in the United States And I'm excited about what is in store for us So if you didn't know about this now, you know, you heard it from me You can go look up some of this information Just kind of type it in in various different places and Google you'll find it You can also go check out a pa.org because that is where all of these news on what the PA profession The new laws and things that are going into effect in the next coming years are being made. All right Thank you guys so much for watching. If you have any other questions for me Please leave them in the comment section below Don't forget to subscribe to my channel and follow me on Instagram at it on the PA and on Instagram and get that See University because we are still helping you get that see it's just physician associate certified now So go check us out and get that see University comm and I will talk to you guys next time