All right, good morning, everyone. So today, we'll be doing quiz three review and quickly going over what it is. And then I'll show you an example that will probably be much more difficult than you'll actually see on the quiz. And we'll get details about the quiz next morning after we finalize that. So quiz is going to cover four general topics. Scheduling, page replacement, page tables, and TLB. Virtual memory. There's going to be no sockets, no threading again. There won't be a repeat of topics that have been on any other quiz. So this one will probably be somewhere between quiz one and quiz two in terms of length and difficulty. So let's quickly go over what the topics are going to be. And then we'll dive into a much harder question on page tables than you'll probably actually see and make sure we all understand it. So scheduling, we saw that it involved a bunch of trade-offs. We looked at a few different algorithms. So we looked at first come, first serve. We looked at shortest job first. And the first two were non-preemptive. So it means we cannot switch between processes while the other remaining algorithms we looked at, we assume preemptive processes, which means we essentially can just stop them, take the CPU away from them, and then context switch them out. So we saw shortest remaining time first, which used like this idea of shortest job first. So it optimizes the lowest waiting time by selecting the shortest process to run, and then just keeps doing that until it run processes. And the issue with this is something called starvation. So starvation is a bad thing in scheduling, which means a process that has started will never actually get the CPU. So you should be able to identify which algorithms have starvation as a problem. So shortest job remaining first would have a possibility of starvation. While the last one we saw was round robin, which optimizes fairness, tries to get a good response time, and it just round robins all the active processes. So that doesn't have any issues with starvation or anything like that. And we saw how that algorithm works. So when we saw more complex scheduling, there's more solutions, more issues. We saw introducing priority and the issues with that, like priority inversion. We also saw examples of actually doing dynamic priority scheduling and the example, and it kind of lays it out for you and just again asks like all scheduling questions, like, hey, at this particular time, what process is currently executing given some algorithm. So we saw some trade-offs, some processes need good interactivity because you're actually interacting with them, which means they need good response time. Other ones might be just doing some computation that you just want to get finished as fast as possible. So there's no one true answer to optimize a scheduling algorithm for every single process in existence. So we saw a little bit about the complications when we have multiprocessors. So we might have to have different schedulers per CPU or big global scheduler. We saw what real-time was, so you won't have to do any real-time scheduling because that's actually counting clock cycles, but you should know what the term is. And then we saw the Linux scheduler, which is just the idea of the ideal scheduling, and just trying to model that and just showing you what the kernel actually does, you wouldn't need to have to actually do this on the quiz or anything like that, but it's good to know about. Okay, then we saw page tables and all their job was to map virtual addresses to physical addresses. So the MMU is the hardware that actually uses all of your page tables, so you could have one big single page table, or we could have everyone's favorite, which is multiple levels of page tables. So if you have a single large table, that may be wasteful, so you essentially have to allocate space and entries for the possibility of being able to assign every single virtual address on your machine to some physical address, and that's going to be somewhat wasteful because most programs don't use all of the memory on or all of its virtual address space unless it's like something like your web browser or VS code, which seems to like to use virtual memory. So mostly you want to use a multi-level page table to save space for sparse allocations, so the idea behind that is you have multiple levels of page table and each of them fits exactly on a page, so you don't have, so you can use that offset bits that you don't translate as actually indexing what entry to go to in a page, and we'll see an example of that when we go over the question in like great gory detail that I guess you might have to do on some type of exam or quiz, and then we saw, according to the kernel, all it cares about is allocating pages so it could use something simple, like a link list of pages and just a free list and allocate pages and assign them to virtual pages from that list. And then finally we saw the TLB to speed up memory accesses which essentially just acts as a cache between the virtual page number to physical page number or it might actually contain the entire page table entry and the page table entry also contains the physical page number or physical frame number depending on what you want to call it. So then we saw page replacement algorithms to reduce page faults. We saw the following, there's like optimal which is good for comparison, not realistic and that is we replace the page that is going to be used furthest in the future, so we're trying to minimize the amount of page faults we get. Remember with page replacement, we assume pages are on disk and we bring them into memory. So we want to reduce the number of page faults and keep things in memory that are going to be used as much we can. So optimal that's predicting the future, we kind of just use it as a benchmark and you should know how to do that. Everyone seemed pretty bored of it when I went through examples over and over again. So we saw that, we saw random so that obviously wouldn't be on the quiz but you should know that it actually works surprisingly well. Then we saw a FIFO, so easy to implement, easy to do when you actually have to write out what page faults are happening and what page gets replaced. But we saw there was kind of an anomaly there where when we had a lower amount of physical memory we also had a lower number of page faults and that is anomaly just for FIFO algorithms. Then we saw essentially what everyone uses which is least recently used, which kind of gets close to optimal but it's really expensive to implement but in terms of like your quiz things you could easily do it on paper and actually figure out what pages would get replaced using least recently used. So and throughout all of this to the pages go if you wanna name the thing where the pages get swapped to on disk there's going to be a big swap file on the disk and that's where the pages go. So swap file just contains all of the pages which may or may not be swapped into memory. So you may want to know that term for the quiz. So then I kind of talked about but didn't explicitly name a bitmap it's kind of what the slab allocator uses and what a bunch of different algorithms may use to keep track of things. So all a bitmap is is a continuous block of memory that tracks slots so it's one bit tracking one slot. So if we assume we have a bitmap that is 512 bytes large that means we have 512 times eight because there are eight bits to a byte. So that would be 4,096 bits. So we can keep track of 4,096 slots. So you could theoretically check to see if slot 500 is filled by checking if bit 500 is zero or one. So you'd have to do some arithmetic here to figure out what byte you need to address. So you need to round down to the byte and then once you find the byte you have to figure out if you have to access bit zero to seven to figure out if that's actually bit 500 and it's going to be one contiguous bitmap and all the bits there are going to represent one slot of something and in this case for like slab allocators they're all fixed sizes of whatever you want. Yeah, fixed sizes of whatever you want. Okay, and then we didn't talk about it but this is kind of one of the data structures behind the scene. I just didn't name it because we kind of understood it and we're actually not implementing a kernel. So we kind of skipped over it but there is a data structure in some kernels called a core map which manages the physical pages and remember physical pages can otherwise be called frames if you want just use one word. So it keeps track of what processes access what frames because processes can share frames. So you can think of it as just keeping track of the number of references to any physical page. So two processes could map different virtual pages to the same frame and that way they would also be sharing memory. So what the core map does is it would keep track of each frame track what processes have access to it. So it knows it can actually free the physical frame if no processes have any references to it. So you can't free it as long as one process is pointing to it and as soon as zero processes point to it then you can actually go ahead and deallocate it. And then good numbers everyone should know. So rough, remember we saw the memory hierarchy trying to get the capacity of the lower level below it with the speed of the level above it. So these are some numbers to know. So like CPU caches are really, really fast. They'll be on the order of nanoseconds memory. There'll be like hundreds of nanoseconds maybe even microseconds. So that would be like one microsecond. So it's almost like a hundred time or sorry a thousand times slower than your CPU cache. And then SSDs are not quite as fast as memory. They're only like about a factor of 10 slower. So that would be like 10 microseconds maybe depending on what SSD you have. And then disks or hard drives, the big spinning magnetic things that might possibly take up to milliseconds which is much, much, much slower. So that's another factor of a thousand above a microsecond. So one number for the quiz you might want to be interested in is just take milliseconds to do. So if you're wondering about latency is there. Okay, another thing that we kind of talked about but didn't name is something called spatial and temporal locality. So these we're kind of familiar with. Spatial locality is basically just two memory accesses being close together in terms of addresses. So they're accessed almost contiguously or very or almost. So like since we know now that things are essentially the operating system only cares about pages, while you might care that if you're using a bunch of memory that is like a few bytes here and there they should probably be located on the same page. So you have some spatial locality that are located close together. You get all the advantages if you do one translation then you'll have a TLB entry and then pass that it'll be all cache it so everything will be nice and fast for you. And then temporal locality just means accesses are close together in the same time duration. So you might know that hey if I access this variable then I'm going to access this other variable shortly after. So if you have to keep track of what memory or what pages you should probably have in memory while any accesses that are close together in terms of time should also be in memory at the same time otherwise you'd have to maybe do page swapping. You'd at least have TLB misses all the time. So you want to have things that are accessed close together close together in memory but they're two different terms here. Where hopefully both apply but they might not always apply. Yeah and then another problem that you might see with really, really well with systems that actually page out to disk all the time that don't have very much memory is this issue called thrashing and it's basically when your page fault ratio is super, super high. So it occurs when a process does not have it's working set in memory loaded and a working set is just given a period of time it's the number of pages that need to that processes uses in memory at any given time. So if a process can't fit all in memory while it's executing then it's going to have to swap back and forth to disk and it's gonna be really, really, really slow. So if it all the pages the process uses cannot fit into memory well then you're going to have to constantly evict pages and do the page replacement which would go off to disk which would be really slow which would be orders of milliseconds and instead of microseconds and be really, really, really slow. So this would cause your system to be really, really slow and unresponsive. So one thing you can do to track if this is happening if you have multiple processes on your machine while you can keep track of the page fault frequency so how many page faults a process has and you would use some heuristic where it's over a certain amount while then you probably want to evict pages from another process and give this page or process more memory because it is running very, very slowly. So it doesn't have enough memory for its working set so you have to increase the amount of memory you give to it and hopefully you can fit its working set in memory and then it's not constantly replacing pages over and over again. So I think last thing before we get into the example of demand paging so it's kind of what we talked about as a default but this is just so you have the term in mind. So basically all it does is initially when you create a process or something like that you don't actually give it physical memory you just create a page table for it and set all of its bits as invalid meaning they don't currently have memory and then whenever the kernel actually whenever the process tries to access some memory it will generate a page fault and then at that time the kernel would actually allocate a physical page for it and then populate the page table so it actually translate to that page you just gave it with a valid entry. So it's an example of doing something really lazily so it doesn't actually allocate memory until the first time you use it which if you don't use a bunch of memory then it never gets allocated and you're not actually wasting space. So this is also why like on my machine when I showed you VS Code it said it was using like some crazy amount like 20 gigabytes of RAM which is not going to be possible because I don't have 20 gigabytes of RAM on this but they're all virtual addresses and it never actually uses addresses so they wouldn't actually take up any physical memory because it never used them. So yeah, this is just what the kernel would do so page fault happens because the process accesses a virtual memory address that currently isn't backed by a physical page so the kernel would go ahead and back it but as part of that entry too the kernel would also know that if what virtual memory addresses that process should be able to access so if you access a virtual memory address that you shouldn't be able to access it's still going to generate a page fault but then you don't back it by a physical page and then you could just send a seg fault to that process indicating that it actually used a address that it shouldn't have and that's what happens to our programs all the time. So the alternative to this is to just when you launch a process you actually load everything into memory when the process starts which is going to be super, super wasteful because just because you load everything doesn't mean you're going to use everything at once so you'd want to use something like demand paging to only use memory when it's actually used as opposed to just kind of preempting everything and using it. Yeah, so part and related to the demand paging one of the nice things you can do is copy on right useful technique, not just for virtual memory we'll also, you could also apply it to file systems once we get there or other things. So, and it's got a similar idea that data races so we can share data as long as there's only reads so because of that there is a lot of interesting optimizations you can do. So the one is just default sharing so after you fork ideally both processes are completely independent of each other but as an optimization you could have both the processes actually access the same frame and as long as they read from it they both read from that same frame or that same physical memory and you don't have to allocate anything new and then as soon as the first one tries to modify that page then you actually copy that page and then do the right on one page and then you would set up the page table to point to that new page you just copied and then the old process would still be pointing to the unmodified one and then they would have their two separate views. And then you could also do some other optimizations if you know that there's read only frames especially if some of the virtual memory is being backed by files on disks so think of just your executable code for example so if you have a big page that is read only that you're just reading code from well instead of wasting time and writing that page back out to disks that I read into memory well I could just reuse that page and then when I need that again I would just read it from disks like I would just reread it from disk instead of writing it back out to disk just to read in some information I already have so that's one optimization you could do if you know your page is only read and it's otherwise on disk instead of just writing it back out to disk to replace it I can just replace it straight up and then if I need that page that was read only I'll just reread it in from the disk okay now we have enough time to do a big virtual memory example so this is from question six of the 2016 fall final and we'll do it live so this will probably be much more challenging than the one you'll see and it is fairly weird so let's take a look at what it is so it says an early 16-bit processor so this is really really old it's mostly just a small so you can actually write it out so it uses a single page table with 256 byte pages so we can just preempt it a little bit and write things in powers of two since we'll know we'll probably need to do that at some point so 256 is what to the power or two to the power of what? Eight, sweet. So let's just put that in our back pocket so the maximum amount of physical memory it can support is two to 16 bytes so your physical address will be 16-bit so then it says the TLB and the page table entry have the following format so the TLB has the virtual page number in front and then otherwise it's the same as the page table entry which has the physical, so we saw PPN for physical page number this just calls it something else it's the physical frame number you can kind of use it to interchangeably depending on how picky you are and then this is going to be a tagged TLB so we kind of touched on that a bit before because remember each process has its own virtual address space which is independent of another one so you could put the process ID as part of the page table entry to keep track of which process actually this translation is valid for so the second thing it has is it's process ID in the page table entry it doesn't tell us how big it is and then it says the rest of them are bits so S is if the if this page is currently in swap then O is if it's read only then this bit here is unused and then the last bit here is a valid bit then it says if the S bit is one so it's currently in swap the physical frame number should be interpreted as a swap location so it's just somewhere in disk given by an address so OS looks at swap bit only if the valid bit is zero okay cool so first it says calculate the maximum number of processes whose page tables entries may exist in the tagged TLB at one time so anyone take a guess of the maximum number of processes which is kind of weird in the question so to keep track of the maximum number of processes you have to know how many process IDs you can support and you have to know how big that is so we have to figure out the number of bits that this process ID takes up so we know that the page table entry is two bytes because it tells us so it tells us right here so page table entry is two bytes and then we know that hey it can support up to the 16 bits so it's like a 16-bit physical address so if we divide up our 16-bit physical well we know that because of the page table size there are eight bits here that are used for the offset so the other bits so yeah no so this is how many bytes there are in physical memory and so you have to be able to you need 16 bits to be able to address all of them because we're always going to assume it's byte addressable so in the 16-bit address so eight bits are going to be the offset because that's the page size so we're going to have eight bits here which is going to represent the physical frame number or physical page number or whatever so of the page table entry we know this is eight bits here so two bytes also is 16 bits which is a lot of views so our physical page number is eight bits and then we have four other bits to keep track of things so our process ID is going to be four bits right so in in our page table entry here we know that this is eight bits we know that these four fields here are four bits so it means this process ID here has to be four bits or the PID has to be four bits so number processes page table entry might exist so it would be two to the four which is equal to what's two to the four 16 so we can have up to 16 processes okay so then next question is what is the maximum size of the swap area that is supported so the swap area just says that the physical frame number should be interpreted as a swap location so the physical page number again is eight bits so that means it could hold two to the eight entries so there's two to the eight different physical frames it could or different values it has and then each of them are going to be the size of a page so that is also two to the eight so to the eight times to the eight we can just add the exponents because we know how exponents work that is two to the 16 and then to the 16 if we want write it out in better numbers is going to be 64 kilobytes so all i did was you know kilobytes is just two to the 10 so it's just two to the six kilobytes and then two to the six is just 64 so maximum size of the swap file area is 64 kilobytes that says this processor supports a limited amount of physical memory as a result the page tables and four processes are packed in a frame which is really really weird and only for this question because doing the actual implementation of this would be awful but for example so page tables of four processes are packed into a frame so one frame holds four page tables so each page table is going to be a fourth of a frame so again a frame here is going to be the size of a page so it's 256 bytes so the page table size is going to be 256 divided by four which is going to be 64 bytes so each page table is 64 bytes everyone good with that all right so did you yeah so it says for example page table to process four five six seven are located one frame and process five uses the second chunk as this page table actually implementing that would kind of be a mess but hey we were just writing it by hand so it says what is the maximum amount of virtual memory that is available to each process so each each page table there's only going to be one page table for each process each page table holds 64 bytes well how many entries could it have so how big is a page table entry yeah so page table entry is two bytes so if we have 64 bytes for a page table and each entry is two bytes well let's divide them so 64 divided by two that means we have 32 entries so then the maximum of a virtual memory that is available to each process while the 32 entries we can write that in out into powers of two it would be two to the five so remember if we're doing our translation we'd have our offset and it would be the size of a page so it would be eight bits and then since we could support 32 addresses that's to the five we'd have five bits here for our virtual page number so our entire virtual address would be up to 13 bits five plus eight so two to the sorry that was two that yeah eight plus five it's to the 13 I hope which is going to be they can access up to eight kilobytes I hope right so yeah so two the three is eight so it's eight kilobytes so maximum virtual memory that is filled at each process is eight kilobytes that says if a processor uses 64 bytes for the TLB what is the maximum number of TLB entries that can be supported for this this is a bit messier because it's not going to be terribly realistic because it's not going to be powers of two so if we scroll back up we can see it tells us what's in the TLB entry and now we know how many number of bits for each of these there are so the TLB entry well the virtual page number we just found it out it is five bits and then we also know the rest of it is essentially the same as the page table entry which we know is two bytes so the rest of it is going to be 16 bits so our page table or our TLB entry is going to be 21 bits will you actually be able to implement this on any realistic machine hell no but it's this weird question so we go with it so and we just do some arithmetic so every entry would be minimum 21 bits that's not realistic but we're just told to calculate a minimum so if we have 64 bytes well that is 512 bits so we would just divide 512 bits divided by that 21 bits for each entry to see the minimum or the maximum number of TLB entries we could have if we do this it's like 24.3 or something like that so we couldn't have a partial entry so we just say that it is 24 max entries would that be realistic to implement no but it fulfills the question so it'd be 24 max entries so any question so far all right this is where it gets kind of ugly because it gives you a gigantic page so it gives you all of memory so this is a frame so remember it says that there are four page tables on a frame so this is going to be an entire frame so it is five or sorry 256 bytes so they actually divided it nice out so each kind of division there is two bytes so they're all page table entries so it says here the following frame is used to store the page tables for processes zero to three use an outline to show the location of the page table for process zero so you'd assume it would split this up into four and then it would go there's the page table for process zero one two three in that order so the first fourth of that is going to be the page table for process one so if we divide it up it's going to be the first four rows so it's going to be this so this is going to be our page table for process zero so a few ways to double check it is well one if this is a frame everything needs to be a fourth so we could divide the lot so we could split in half and then split it in half again oops split in half split in the half again so those would be our four page tables this would be for process zero process one process two and then process three and then another way to double check it is there would have to be 64 bytes in the page table entry so each of the entries here are going to be two bytes so there should be 32 of them like we said before so there are eight per row so if there's 32 entries there should be how many rows well eight times four is 32 so that jives as well so this gives us our 32 entries so that says using the page yeah any questions about that okay so it says using the page table above so we're assuming we are doing the page table for process zero so using this above translate the virtual addresses shown below for process zero to their corresponding physical addresses for each physical address show the corresponding page table entry and the physical address if the physical address is invalid write fault under pte if the page table entry is not valid write invalid under the physical address if the page is in swap write swap x where x is a dislocation and you have to scroll back because this is weird where if that swap bit is one it says the physical page number is a swap location so you just write that out so this is annoying because we actually have to keep track of the last four bits there so it also gives you an example so one thing we can do two we're given virtual addresses we know that there are eight offset bits so thankfully we don't have to write them out in binary because each hex digit is four bits so if our page size is eight bits then we don't have to work the last two hex digits are our offset so we could divide it up like this so everything here is our offset so then the other part of the virtual address the thing to the left of that line is going to be the virtual page number so it also gives you an example here so they're all going to be entries in our entries in our page table so virtual address if it starts with zero one that means it's the zeroth entry in our table and they also nicely give you the page table entry so you can double check so it should be this is going to be virtual page number one right there or sorry zero and then one's going to be with a one right beside it so this would be entry one so that's where it gets the physical page number from and then if you do the translation well in the page table entry thankfully this the top two hex digits like the 58 here well that's the physical frame number that we just substitute in for a physical address and then we just keep the offset the same so the only thing we have to do for this because they're being super explicit is we have to check the valid bit so the valid bit is the least significant bit here in the page table entry whoops so if it's valid then we can actually just do the translation so in this case it's a one so we can do the translation so we just swap out the virtual page number with the physical page number so that oh one becomes five four and then we keep the offset the same which was just zero zero so any questions about how they got this virtual address or sorry physical address physical address okay well then let's do the other translation so the next one let's start with the virtual virtual page number is one five well does that mean i can just look at hey one five so that should be this one right no i'm seeing shaking heads no so they have this laid out weird we're on the left here these are actual like physical memory addresses and at the top here are just some entries and they don't correspond because each entry is actually two bits so this right here this address at the beginning of this line is actually entry eight not which would be at physical address 16 because there's two bytes per entry so it's kind of weird i think they just put that there to screw with you so for virtual address one five well if we want to discount that is going to be what uh let's bring this into decimal so that's going to be 16 plus five so it's going to be index 21 so this up here this is index zero this would be entry starting at eight this would be entry starting at 16 and this would be entry starting at 24 so this is this one right here would be 16 so 16 17 18 19 20 21 is this so this would be the page table entry for index one five so i'll just so it would be ac zero three so if we do that its valid bit would be a one if we look here its valid bit would be a one and that unused bit is also set doesn't really matter so if it so it's valid so we would just to do the physical address we would just take the physical frame number which is the first two hex digits so it would be ac and then we take the offset from the virtual address to be ac b4 okay everyone good okay next one sets you off into a wild goose trace so the index is two zero what's that in decimal 32 is that valid so there's going to be 32 entries and they're going to start at zero so only zero through 31 are valid so this doesn't even make any sense it's outside our range so we just write fault there because not supported we don't have a 32 entry we're out of virtual page numbers so can't translate okay next one is going to be zero five so zero five is a bit easier to find it is right here so so if we go along at the top zero one two three four five so it would be the page table entry is d db o eight so this is going to be annoying because eight if you write it out eight in binary is one zero zero zero so that means that that valid bit is not set and it means that swap bit is set so that means this is in swap so we have to just write swap and then part of the question says if there's swap just interpret the physical frame number as being the address it is in swap so we just write out db so swap db because that's what the question told us to do all right any questions about that all right next one is zero a so a if we convert that is going to be ten so this is entry eight here nine ten so our entry is going to be or our physical our page table entry is zero three zero e so e if we write that out in texas one one one zero again it's uh it's valid bit is not set it's swap bit is set so again we say swap and we do the same thing as last time so it's going to be swap zero three all right last one is going to be one e so that's close to the end of the range the last element is going to be zero f so i'll just back up one so one e is going to be this element in our list it is what's that 30 so we look at 30 so it's going to be the second last one so the page table entry is going to be c whoops that is a terrible look in c c six zero seven so if we write out the bits of seven that is zero one one one which means a valid bit is set so we can go ahead and actually just do the translation like we think we should do so the physical page number is given there it is going to be c six and then our offset we pull out from the virtual address is going to be f zero any questions about that okay four minutes let's wrap this up because this is weird so table on the left shows the current constants of the tlb for each operation shown on the right indicate whether the tlb hit or miss occurs assume the tlb contents are not modified on a hit or a miss so let's just divide this up so we know what is what so all the way on the left of the tlb is the virtual page number and then in the middle there those two bits are the physical frame number and then this hex character here is four bits that's going to represent the process id and then the last hex digit are all our permissions which we annoyingly have to check here so for this we have to look up to see if there's you know if the virtual memory is actually mapped and if it's mapped to that process so the first one is going to be process one reads from zero three four nine so this is going to be the virtual page number so that is an entry in our tlb right here but it says here this is process one reading it if we look at our bit for the process id here it's a zero so it's not tagged properly so it doesn't have an entry so that's just a straight up miss because we can translate that virtual address for process zero but not process one so that's a big ol miss now it's going to be process one reads from address one nine and whatever that's the virtual page number so there is an entry here that starts off with one nine so that's good and then it's process one so it reads so it's actually in here and then we have to check its permissions so its permissions here it's a six so we can just easily check if it's valid by if it's odd or not so this is even so its valid bit is not set so that's a big ol miss because it is invalid okay next one is process zero writes to address one d whatever so one d is here so there's a virtual page number for one d the process id lines up and if we look at the permissions its valid bit is a one so it's actually a hit and it doesn't say to translate it so we can just right hit but if we wanted to translate it well it would just be ee four nine if we really want to be that but that's bonus yeah yeah so that's the next one so so the annoying read only bit is going to come into effect for the last one so for the last one says process zero writes to address one b eight eight so one b we would check it is this entry so one b is here its process id is one versus zero so it's actually there and then if we check its permission its permission is five which was zero one zero one and if we look at this chart it means that's read only so the old bit means it's read only and then this says it's trying to write there so it would be a miss and then miss on permission because it's trying to write to it and read only cool well that's it we're out of time so your quiz will probably have easier questions than this because that took most of the lecture and we'll have more details of the quiz for the next one but it shouldn't be too bad all right so just remember pulling for you we're all in this together


True crime stories you should know about part two. This is Hannah Cornelius, a young college student who had the world in the palm of her hand before everything was taken away from her in a seemingly never-ending night of terror. Hannah was hanging out with a friend inside of her car in a college campus parking lot when out of nowhere, a group of men approached the car, forced their way inside and kidnapped Hannah and her friend. Just hours later, her friend was carried to an abandoned lot where he had bricks thrown at him with several hitting him in the head. Almost miraculously, he managed to survive and made his way to a neighboring house to call for help. Hannah, unfortunately, didn't meet the same fate. When the men were done with her, they took her out to a farm where they dropped an 80-pound boulder on her, leaving her to be discovered hours later. This is one of the most sick and twisted crimes I've ever covered, and it is not for the faint of heart. To hear the full story, check out the link in the comments below. This is one you won't want to miss.


There's too much bad poetry in the world anyway. But Becky, haven't you a single tear for the years you've spent here? La, my sweet tears are not expected of charity pupils. Oh, no. No tears. Humility. Gratitude for an education not very useful, but oh, so genteel. And curtsies for the leftover food at the second table. And the lovely frocks that the other girls would no longer wear. Oh, no, La. No tears. We orphans must learn that the luxury of emotion is for our Becky. Miss Pinkerton herself. Miss Sidley. As you now leave us to return to the polished and refined bosom of your family, you depart rich in those virtues and accomplishments which characterise the young English gentle woman. In music, dancing and off-agreasy, you have realised our fondest hopes. And in the principles of religion and morality, you have proved yourself worthy of this establishment. Receive then, dear child, this elegantly bound copy of the illustrious Dr. Johnson's dictionary as a token of my affection. Dictionary. Oh, she'll always rest under my pillow. Miss Sharp, the time has come. We'll be, ma'am, as well. Je vais vous faire mes yeux. Be good enough to respond in the English tongue. Oh, dear Miss Pinkerton, I'd quite forgotten that you can't understand French. For a moment I thought I was talking to my dear dead mother, whose language it was. But who could blame me or any of us for thinking of you as a mother? Miss Sharp, what I meant to say was, you are about to go far thin to the world alone, unaided to exist by the fruits of your labour. I hope you go with the feeling of gratitude for the gifts you have received within these walls. Oh, ma'am, what other feeling is possible? Not one of hatred, certainly. Not one of wanting to leave this place or a feeling that you took me because I was useful. Miss, it wasn't a joy teaching me younger girls' music and French and knowing how much money I saved for you. Oh, it was. It was. Goodbye, then. Oh, this dictionary for you. Miss Pinkerton, Mr. Joseph Sadley, ma'am. Enter, sir. Joseph. Ah. Dearest Jack. Oh, bless my soul, it must be you, is it? Now, Jack, how many sisters have you? Monks just have you to put it that way. Monks discover. Welcome to Chisick Mall, first. Your servant. Your sister's belongings are ready. Splendid, Meredith. That's my sister's trunk. And now let us kiss our little friends in me and be on our way. And you, dear friend. Oh, my Becky, to think we must part now. Yes, part. Where will you go? What's going to happen to you? Oh, does it matter? Thank heaven you are safely cared for. So, Becky, permit me, my brother Joseph. Your servant, ma'am. You wait, darling. The diligence. Public conveyance? Well, it'll have to do. I've no gallant brother to blame me. But my four horses claim you, but are waiting outside. Miss Shant's traveling arrangements have already been made. What is your destination? Well, I have no destination. Not until I find a home or a room or garage, any pillar to lay my head upon. Amelias is true, not a pillar to her name? No, it isn't true. No longer. Becky, you're coming home with me until you find suitable employment somewhere. No, no, I mustn't burden you. Oh, you angel. Huzzah! I shout huzzah! My man will seat your trunk presently. I feel it my duty to warn you. I can't abandon her. She has nobody, nobody. Goodbye, Miss Pinkerton. Goodbye. What, Joseph? My bird? Or something similar? What if your husband and theirs calling Amelia something similar? They are men who do not hesitate to express their emotions. Now, I offer you my heart, my true affection. I offer you love, Amelia, and a lifetime of devotion. Now, you have heard us both. The choice is yours, madam. Why do you make it so difficult for me?  How am I to choose between them?  Or to you, George, who I've always, always... Loved Amelia? Loved? Admired. Let him be your choice, then. Take George. Or I shall love you nonetheless, always. Only I shall think of you as a sister. A sister who is married to my best, my oldest friend, William, William Dobbin I, no man ever had a truer friend. I, Joe, that scoundrel kissed my sister's hand. I'll make you marry her. Too late, Joseph. The question has just been popped. What? Why, I didn't realize it. Why, that's, that's beautiful. What a handsome best man you'll make. Only I'll not be there to see you. I'll be gone by then. Not if Joseph Sedley has anything to do with it. How can Joseph Sedley keep me here? By offering you the continued hospitality of his father's home. You're too noble. Well, if you were to keep me here any longer, I should never want to leave. My dream that I could stay forever will seal the bounten and receive your roses. An idle dream, isn't it, Joseph? I, I... A foolish, unrealizable dream. But I must face the world. Look for employment. Vicky, Vicky, don't I? What is it, Joseph? Do you care? No, I care a while. When I think of you without a home, I... I'm completely a man, a man. I... If only you could ask for your hand and you accepted him. Oh, my little bushing bride. You're happy? Vicky, you never know how happy you're not in love. Perhaps I am. Perhaps I too have given my heart. And you never told me about it. We wanted to surprise you. Joseph is so shy, so timid. Oh, Josie. Oh, Vicky, you poor, poor girl. Poor? Is Joseph so undesirable a match? Well, then it must be I. Oh, Father would never approve. I... I've reached above my station. I've no fine pedigree. Oh, stop, Vicky. Father has ambitions for Joseph. He plans to send him to end the ungovernment service. Wise, Father. Well, don't be precious. I'll marry one of these days, some worthy tradesman, a draper, a green grocer, someone humble, fit to my position.  And good luck to Joseph, the civil servant. The government needs men of courage, decision, men of brain. The father so kindly offered me if you would so inform the baronet. He informed the baronet? Hasn't the baronet used, Governor? As I was saying, although I haven't had enough experience for so exacting a position, I should like to accept these dear little children have completely won my heart. Ah, you'll live to regret it, but I'm glad. My name is Becky, darling. Would you like me to read you a pretty story? No. I bring you The Blind Washerwoman of Warfields, a moral and instructive volume. Mr.  Read them both, then. Read them both. Works by pious authors are soothing to the soul. What was that about the soul, Fitz? Let me hear it, too. You know how your servants always affect men. You're too far sunk in the morass of iniquity, my beloved brother, for my son. I hope to see you later, Miss Rebecca. Now I must work on my speech for the questionable-aid society. Oh, questionable-aid society. How on earth just can't him, Becky? What choice have I? I must watch the side of my braids, but I don't. Why, he bred with that little mouth was made for cake and kisses. Another two you would willingly supply the second, all not enough, not half so nourishing as bread. On the contrary, every kiss counts, Becky. I'm returning to London tomorrow. Regimental duty. London's at your large town. So many willing lips to please a soldier. But none like yours. Becky, these pretty little hands, who will hold them when I'm gone? They'll be very busy. Washing, violet, and combing rose, and mending sepid shirts. Oh, blast it, you shouldn't be doing all that. Becky, if I were to ask you to come to London... To find a position for your... I've tried all that. No Queen's Crawley is my haven. Oh, but there must be something. Some... Becky, wait. I have an aunt in London. Young and pretty, of course. No old and a spinster but rich. I can persuade her that she shouldn't stay alone. That she needs a companion. And I need to protect her, Rodin. Stop! Miss Crawley, ma'am, are you perhaps calling Miss Sharp, ma'am? No, I'm calling on Heaven to help me preserve my calm. Where are my drops? Where's my jelly? Am I to sit here and be murdered with inattention? Where is... Miss Crawley, ma'am, if I may venture the opinion, ma'am, Miss Sharp has left the house, ma'am. Probably on some dark, amorous errand. Some dark, amorous errand, eh? I wouldn't put it past that. Oh, I've been watching her for weeks. A smile for the butcher and a smile for the baker. That girl hasn't a principle to bless herself with. That's what I like about her. What are those weeds doing here? You know how vegetation nauseates me. These were brought by your nephew, ma'am, Captain Crawley. They're a cozy nose game. Throw it out. And throw my nephew out, too.  Well, that's not hard to guess, ma'am. Miss Sharp has a way of blinking and a way of winking. Briggs, are you suggesting that my nephew, who does much as notice that girl? Oh, dare you. Show him in. And get Miss Sharp for me. Go to her room. Get her. Don't you come back here without her. Yes, ma'am.  I know I shall get the papers. Paulie's awaiting you, sir. Dear Aunt Julia. Well, sir, to what am I indebted for the questionable honour of this visit? To the affection of a devoted nephew. And do devoted nephews always get themselves oiled and bothered to call in their maiden aunts? Oh, did you hope to find Becky Sharp at home? Answer me. Becky, eh? No, I'll not have you so much as looked at Becky. Remember that. Well, that girl will twist you around her little finger. Yes, but, Aunt Julia, I assure you... Don't assure me, sir. I'll assure you. I've been indulgent. I've been generous. I've paid your card debt, and I've lasted your extravagance. But I'll not have you in snare by any calculated little slip of a medium. The woman you marry must be a lady and a lady of quality. You come bounding into the room like this. Oh, it's just as I know it. And Sharp's not in the room. She's not in the house. There isn't a stitch of clothing in the closet. And there's a trunk. All packed. Trunk? Instantly. Wait for me, tell me. Give it to me. Don't you dare show him it. Isn't London difficult enough without your presence? Here you come, ricking with the vulgar odors of the country. Madam, I've been sent by my good father. That old reprobate, what's he want? My dear father wishes to know if you still have need of Miss Rebecca's services. I suddenly haven't, but neither has he. Sir Pitt is lonesome, Madam. Very lonesome. If he's lonesome, let him join Napoleon at Elba. Then they can both be lonesome together. Until the buff! Why, what produces this? Not for the respectable female I should gaze on. Tights! I should leave her things alone. She's acting on my orders, Rodin. His own prouche parts. Cosmetics. Oh, sinful, sinful. Give me that. In Becky's own handwriting. The portrait of my mother. Becky's Sharp's mother a dancer.  A French lady by the name of Mamaronsi. You're wrong, Rodin. I have it on Miss Rebecca's own authority that her mother's name was Denier. But here it says, a portrait of my mother by my father. A painter fellow. And I had it on Becky's own authority that her father was distinguished and rich.  I don't believe a word of it, not a single word of it. Believe it, Captain Crawley. Believe anything, everything. Only the Israelis, they're mine, sacred to me. And no hand shall ever touch them but my own. How well I remember that sweet smile. Her portrait painted in exile. This is how she looked, always when she bent over my bed, singing me to sleep. Yes, my mother was a dancer. She danced herself and she taught others to dance. But she was an aristocrat. I don't make no mistake about that. A Mamaronsi of the finest blood of France. And that was the sin for which she was exiled by the revolution, her shadow burned, her state confiscated, her fortune taken from her. Yes, she danced. She danced to beat her baby, her only child. To clothe me. To shelter me. Do you wonder now why I treasure these things that remind me of my stated mother? Sorrow diminishes when the heart is pure. I'm sorry, my sticky doll, you're my wife now. That's what I wanted to hear. Love me raw and love me. I've had so little love in my life. I've been kicked about so much. Well, take me away from here. But Becky, we couldn't do that. My aunt would disinherit me. Well, who cares if she does? We mean more to each other than mine. Oh, darling, get a hackney, coach. Come with me when it's done. Aren't you my silly? What have you? Not a penny, not a plan, not ambition. Oh, but we'll make out, my rod, and we'll make out. Life owes me many things, nine, ten to get them. All it takes is the least touch of wit. It applies everywhere. That's my doubt. You're too sacred to jest about. Just to scare other men away from me. George is such a wit. Yes. Do you think I've done justice to your treasure left in a dozen? Beautiful. So delicate. Is that all the praise I deserve? For harassing me. He simply doesn't respond to all. Don't be too critical, love. Your beauty is too gentle to reproduce. Becky, how talented you are. Oh, lovely. George, what the deuce is keeping you? We want you back in the game. Oh, George, George, please don't play anymore. You've lost so much later. Oh, let him play. Gambling's an agreeable vice for young men. We can't afford it. We're already in debt. Debt? Lo, my precious. Look about you. This is the house the debt built. While I'm wearing debt, you're standing on a debt rug. Oh, we must owe money to every shopkeeper in London. We mustn't, but we do. Come on, George. Let me touch your hand. I'll bring you luck. Now, old gentleman, I said eight and I keep my word. Only three, sure. Well, I know. It's like her. Where's your lady, rod, and she promised to stand behind my chair and bring me luck? Well, she promised to be there. Perhaps that's the way she entices rodman's victims. The figure that she plays no favourites does, you gentlemen. George, would you like to throw their cards? Yes, since I heard you play last, it was on your own heart, because how I envied you for it. But then I envied you for so much. For all that you had. And I didn't. Birkie, you envied me. You didn't pay any attention to me at all. You were too busy with Joseph. That fat brother of yours? Oh, how you all worried for Thierry Marion. That's why poor Joseph was shipped off to India, wasn't it? Birkie, you know, Father, he was... Oh, never mind, Pat. That's all forgotten. That's the past. Oh, Birkie. You're the most generous, most forgiving darling. Captain Thorndike has just told us. Napoleon has escaped from Ilba. Napoleon? Napoleon? War? War, yes. Our regiment will be ordered to Belgium. How terrible. How amusing. Thank you. Before you say it. Dazzling luck.  Yes, I'm crazy for joy. War, Belgium, a new start. But what have we here? Debt, tradesmen getting nasty bills. Why do you think our luck will improve in Brussels? Because we'll force it to. Silver. Aren't they pretty? I found them in a little curiosity shop, and I couldn't resist them. Seven. Seven again. I've not ever used them.  You look so frightened. They happened to amuse me. I had no idea they were loaded. Not for us, are they, dear? That's not the way to coax Lady Luck. Not your way. By God, no. No, sweet. No. Remember what's ahead of us, Brussels? Brussels? Well, everybody will be there. The offices with their wives, the best people, the richest people, society, a new life, Rodden. Oh, we should be very grateful to Napoleon. Darling. What is Richmond? Is the beginning of a social career. Of a sudden attack. Well, no danger, my dear. There'll be no walls, a single one. No, no, no, don't ask. We're not the walls. Can't I fresh you, Mrs. Crawley? That's just what I'm afraid of. It's the dance of the angels. Of fallen angels. By slapping them? By the inelegant creature.  Choose from among the around. Then choose me. Don't you know me? Have I changed so much in these few years? Oh, no, it isn't true. It can't be. Not so, as you've said. The name sounds good to see you. You haven't changed a bit. I can have picked you out for a month to regiment.  Oh, don't say that, Peggy. You know, I'd have married you in a moment if it hadn't been for those elephants.  I know.  But then, what were you doing in India, Gels? Your son? Peggy, you blacken my character. And butterflies, for a prince. I gave him a lot of butterflies. Come, let's make Rodden listen. Rodden, where is he? He creates good for six and one for his knob seven. Sorry, old chap, my game again. As usual. It's nothing but luck, eh, Rodden? Nothing but luck, George. Very good. Then I owe you 30 pounds. I've already seen Joseph, all of them. Well, you've been neglecting me all these days. Take me for a dance, George.  Oh, Rodden, perhaps you're letting beat your billiards. Billiards, I haven't done the queue for three years. No choice. Although we have a similar game in India, except we've played with one ball and a mannet. A horseback. Now you shall give me my answer. I'm not very good at giving answers. I shall sell and listen to the question. You'll listen to this one. Why didn't you reply to my letter? Because only very silly people put such things in writing. Rodden can read you now. What if he had seen your letter? Somebody had whispered about it into Amelia's, clearly little ears. It's too late for me to be concerned about Amelia. You and I are going away. Oh, weep. I love Rodden. Always remember that. I remember it daily. I remember when I lose 20 pounds, 50 pounds. I tell myself it'll buy so much lace, so much silk for Becky. Champagne, servants. You've been expensive, Becky, but I lost willingly. Now I have no more. I'm in debt. Have you ever tried to borrow? Not a bad method. There's no one left to borrow from. But that doesn't matter, does it? You don't care anything about money. You make such charming conversation. Why do you deprive Amelia of it? Becky, listen to me. I can't bear to see them together. Becky on Georgia's arm. Georgia's either dancing with her or losing her cards to her husband. I can't do anything unhelpless. I'll take Becky for a dance. And after the dance, she'd find him again. Trust her. And there's another thing I didn't like about your letter. You misspelled every other word. Oh, hang my spelling. Don't play with me. Is there someone else? No. Who is that man? Mr. Homie, intimate affair. A little singing, dance, missing loss. Your grace, she was playing the Polish ambassador. Ah, a diplomatic secret? Well, the ambassador has two prettier wife. She's won me over completely to the Polish cause. At least to the better half of the Polish cause. What is his name? Your instincts are, Becky. The Marquis of Stade, stayed with his millions. Bigger game, eh? Napoleon, I'm so interested in him. Is there any danger here in Raffles? No, madam, as far as I know, Napoleon is many leagues away. Is it true that the King of Prussia is bent on leading his own army? Very. Freddie lead an army. I whispered to you what the Tsar Alexander told me about that. But Lord, you have now with us still remain on their royal shoulders. You see, dear Lady Bereth is from their bodies, especially in France.  I was so sorry to hear about your mother's misfortune. I do hope the operation was successful. Operation? To think of her going blind at her age, and now she can't recognize even acquaintances. These are glasses you're wearing, aren't they? Perfect. I do hope they'll continue to attract men. Who is that Remarkable? The brightest new star in our social sky. He produced me. I could spend midnight studying astronomy. Mrs. Crawley from Italy. Remarkable is just tamed. Who craves the honor of the operation. Hello. Will you pay for me with a dance, Mrs. Crawley? What a joy it's a waltz. So fond of it. Oh, I could die for the waltz. There's some who call it a new modest dance, but I've always called it the dance of the angel. George, Amelia's alone on the terrace. Go to her, ask her for a dance. It's a drink I need, not a dance. Me, war means rising stocks. I play for Napoleon's defeat. What do you play? I? Patient. And we're both above the fortunes of nations. But not above wars. War champagne, broth, bubbles. Your head swims, your heart beats. Then your glass is empty. And you wake with a headache. Headaches can be cured. Hardaches too, my lord. I drink him all wine. A new bottle. And a new hand for it. Oh, my lord. I get drunk so easily. You're both waiting for a light in that sky, madam? Yes, I want this night to end. I don't want the dark. Heaven help us if it ends too soon. If light comes before it's due, Duke of Wellington. It's there in the distance. There? A village? A small village? Waterloo or some such name? Everything went on for the... And it was at that point. Our curie? No, it must be a thunderstorm. Is that a cannon? Your grace, can I shoot this far? Sometimes I almost wish they could. What's a thunderstorm? It's a false alarm. A star? You want to take your wife, George? Occasionally you must remember that you're married. George! Oh, my dear, I've been so concerned about you. You, Becky, concerned about anyone but yourself. I'll take George from me. I have. You'll never take him from me. You're excited of me. You're frightened. I don't want you, George. See you, George. Take care of my poor him. Just dash back for a few moments. Oh, darling, I have so many things to tell you before I go. I've been happy with you. I've gambled and I drank, but always, always I've loved you. Understood each other. Take this money. I shall do this. You sell my watch, my silver dressing case. Oh, darling, I leave you with so many debts. No, no. And then sell my two horses. Don't think about money. I'll make out. I'll pay for your own. I want your back. But remember, never forget this.  For one horse. All these famous men here. I feel I'm speaking the house of Lord. That woman is your sister-in-law now, Jane. Please remember. And remember also that she's very pious. By before I married you, she and I used to read sermons together. It's so delightful in your new home, my dear. These pictures. That's this lady's out there. It's called the name Lavinia and our stay. I bought them last week. Five pounds a beat. Well, they may invite you later. They'll give you a ride. Where, my lord? Not St. James's Palace. Not yet. Patience, Becky. Patience. It will be shaken towards solemn foundation. The foundations may be solemn, but the head isn't.  We'll pay some demanding cash in this house. Do I kick him down the stairs? Be your usual gallant self and just pay the bill. Well, I'll resue. I signed the britches. Can I help you resue? Look here, Becky. It cost me money.  Well, I've spoken to him and he thinks you'll make a very fine council at some distant spot. Promises are not enough. Am I a council? Do I wear a sword and a cocktail? And do I stand for the britch land? No. Thrice snow. Yes, thrice, yes. Bit by bit. I've been worried about you all night long. Oh, I'm sorry. You shouldn't have. I stayed at the club. Club, eh? You must have met some sirens. That's what? Sirens. Oh, Sally Fawke will have me outfitted. Bit by bit. No servant, Becky. Thirty-seven pounds for livery. And here's a little billy doo for eight hundred or their seal. Bagatelle. What's wrong, Gordon? Everything. I had a nasty night at the club. All those came to blows with deucease. Others have to separate. It's not all that sort of rough. But why? He kept hounding me and threatening me about the four hundred pounds that I owe him. He demanded immediate payment. Well, a pretty time he picked. We haven't sixpence. I know. That's the devil of it. After the ride became a matter for the entire club. Naturally a debt of honor. I was instructed to pay immediately.  No, it won't. This is not like owing money to a shopkeeper. This is a gambling debt. I pay or I'm expelled. Captain Dubbin is in charge of collecting it. Who? William Dubbin. He represents the club. Oh. Doo says that little swine while he was here last week and he never even mentioned the debt. He and I gambled while you played billiards. Gamble, what did you play? Dice. And I won. For heaven's sake, you took my money. Loaded dice. Oh, come, come. Now I promised you I never would. A promise is a promise. If I don't even know where they are, I seem to have lost them. Look at me like that. What do you see?  Oh, no, no. But how can I help worrying Becky? If where is all this leading us? Is there any end? Are we getting anywhere? Who knows? Who cares? We live elegantly on nothing a year. Look at all this splendor. It won't last. We are paying heavily, little bits of ourselves. Well, it's worth the price. Women who cut me last year would give their eyes to be where I am now because they envy me. This is what I've worked for. I won't give it up. Don't ask me too. Oh, darling, enjoy it with me. But I can't get juice ace out of my mind. I'll raise the money somehow. I could borrow it from the... Stain? You won't. Not from him. Well, we have to take the money where we can find it. Not Stain's money. I won't have all London thinking that... You don't really trust me, do you? Is that what you wish to be? Oh, no, darling. I'll believe only what you tell me and nothing that you deny. Oh. Then believe that I'm your Becky and that I love you. I love you and nothing else will matter. Don't worry, darling. Perhaps Darwin can be persuaded to wait. Mrs. Crawley, I'm a brother-office of your husbands and I'm sincerely trying to help him. All I can say is that the debt will have to be paid promptly. It's a debt of honor. Well, I told you we have no money. Well, you propose I turn for 400 pounds. I have no suggestions to make. I'm afraid you'll have to raise 500 up for. Really? A hundred pounds added for interest or damages to Duce's wounded feelings? I'll try to explain as kindly as I can. Mr. Duce came to me privately. He was very much the gentleman to charge this before the club. It seems that you played dice with him some time last week and he lost 100 pounds. He did? Well, it's so hard to remember. At your house, you used a pair of silver dice. Loaded dice. You managed to take them with him after the game. Unfortunately, I've never seen them before. Do you intend to use them? I hope not. Oh, come on. You're rather enjoying this. Here I am. You've always considered me a media's bad angel. You've always hated me. Now I'm in your power. Well, not in my power. I'm still trying to help Rod. Oh, of course. Then this isn't a personal matter. Then, if I appealed to your chivalry, would you lend me the money? No. But perhaps you'd grant me a delay. I don't think I could persuade Mr. Duce's. I didn't think you would. So I came all prepared to do business with you. I have something to sell, something I think you would be interested in buying. Madam, I couldn't possibly be... Wait, wait. Did you see it? I brought it with me. By the way, I was broken hearted to hear that Amelia had rejected you again. Mrs. Crawley. Poor, darling Amelia. She still possessed with the idea that she must be true to George, loyal to the dear ghost who was so true to her when he was alive. I've no desire to discuss... Not to discuss how to gain the key to her rusty little heart, Captain. Oh, what noble self-denial. George wrote me a letter. Not a letter in jam. That's clear. The idea was that he and I elope. You remember the Duchess of Richmond's ball? We were to go away that night. Oh, it would be invaluable in your courtship. Can you imagine the change it would bring in Amelia? It's for sale, 500 pounds. Mrs. Crawley, women like you... How much time have I to pay? Till tomorrow morning. Oh, generous, generous. You'll get the money. I was just thinking, if our Amelia would I respond any more readily to your charm? I know you were in town.  What is it? What has happened? Tell me. Oh, no, I count your kindness, only makes it worse. Rebecca, my dear girl, my own little sister, tell me, I have a right to know. I'm the head of the family now. Oh, why do you force me? It's so humiliating to talk of money. Oh, dear, perhaps you're right. Your secrets are your own.  You shouldn't, you mustn't. Even if you did, I couldn't afford any more money. Oh, I know, I know. You've always been most generous. Besides, someone else has offered to help me. Someone else who? Oh, a friend. On second thought, you can have it, sister. Brother. But on a condition that you let me rescue you from an unholy and imprudent connection, I refer to the Marquis of Stain. Promise me that, dear Rebecca, promise me my conscience is against it. My conscience.  Yes, my brotherly love. Ah, Rebecca, do you recall how we read sermons together? Couldn't we read a few soon? The Marquis of Stain fortunate. He has no conscience. And as for brotherly love, not an ounce of it. It performs her part, mama. I'm to find 500 pounds for you and must afford my part. Why do you sing, my dear? Is that a prosaic matter? I sing because I'm embarrassed and I sing because I hate to beg. I'm sorry I appear to make it so difficult for you. The money is at your disposal, of course. And what is it for this time? Pretty ribbons, toast for your breakfast? Or to say my name? Or charity? There we have it. I'm trying to help an unfortunate man with a deserving wife. Perhaps you'll know them. The crawl is. He got in a disagreeable mess at his club. A gambling debt. I'm delighted with the opportunity to serve you. If I give you this money, will you consider the possibility of granting me this evening that it will suffer that you promise me for so long now? Oh. I've been very patient, you know. I am sorry, but Rodin and I planned something else for this evening. Will he not be going to the club in a hurry to pay that unfortunate debt? He'll have to. Won't he? Yes. Thank you, my dear. And now go on with your singing. You sing the most charming. There's sunshine in my heart, mama, which awakens and rejoices. And so I sing and blush, mama. And that's the reason why. And so I sing and blush, mama. No luck. No. Did you try, everybody? Yes. Everybody. Come here. For surprise. Wonderful. Where did you get it? Stain? Oh, nonsense. Your south down came in this afternoon. You know he owed me 500 pounds. No, I didn't. When did you discover it? The moment he sent the money, silly. Sent it? I thought he came over. Well, both. He came over and he sent the men with it. Well, take it, darling. Be on your way with it. There's no time to lose. No, I suppose not.  You need some amusement. Would you like to stay at the club this evening and play billiards? Yes. Well, rotten. You're not taking the money. Yes, I was going to leave the money, wasn't I? But you must go tonight. Tonight, eh? It would be quite serious if I didn't. Tonight. I agree with you. Oh, rotten. It's our last day. We'll never have another. Once this last day is paid. Thank you for remembering. The little house is flooded. And my little head is in the clouds. But your senses swim. Don't leave that out, Mickey. In a sea of happiness, I don't know what I'm about. I'll tell you.  I saw you watching while I was kissing your hand. Well, Lord, you've wounded me. Do you question my emotion? On the contrary. I'm flattered that a midnight visit from the wolf should prove so exciting to a lamb of your coolness and self-possession. Well, I'm sorry to disappoint your lordship, but this lamb is far from being excited. She thinks there's some good in every wolf. Who are optimistic lamb? What was that? Nothing. Somebody's seen the street of quarreling or making love. Why, you don't expect an intruder, do you? No. Returning husbands can hardly be called intruders. What a pity that yours is forced to remain away. You seem confident, my lord. I am. Curiously enough, Mr. Crawford is arrested by a bailiff, just as he was entering his club. Arrested? So I have reason to believe. Of course, I wasn't there to see it myself. It was the most unfortunate mistake. In the morning, the mistake will be discovered. There will be apologies. The whole thing will be treated as a harmless little joke. Only a joke? Then we are free to enjoy the wine. And with your wit and charm, how easy it'll be to forget everything. Not everything, Becky. You mustn't forget your ambitions. Ambitions? I work like a galley slave to get into your fine society. And what have I got for it? The privilege of dining with the dullest people in London. We can't have ancestors not be dulled. I'd rather be a Parsons wife. But you're not, Becky. You're going to cook and sew and mend stockings? No. Now do I replenish the earth? Therefore you must enjoy life as you find it, Becky. You mustn't be hypocrites, you know.  This innocent little feast. My lord, always your little tenorocities. What beautiful pearls. Didn't you hear something?  No, no. How did you do it, Becky? How the devil did you ever catch me fancy because there isn't an ounce of sweetness or goodness about you? That's your secret. Oh, wait, wait. We must drink to that. To your marvelous portrait of me. To your shrewd understanding. Here's to... My lord and I having... My lord and I, we didn't go to the club. When you left the house, you didn't go to the club. Trap. Mrs. Caller's husband returns home unexpectedly. He doesn't go to his club. Well, sir, how much am I blackmailed for? Why do I do nothing, I'm innocent. My lord, tell him I'm innocent. Innocent. Come, what's the amount? I've already paid 500 for your absence. No, no, no! You'll regret this to the end of your life. Why bother? Why squabble about something that you don't own and I don't want? Listen to me. If I've ever done anything... Those pearls, take them off. I can explain. I've nothing to hide. All the world might have been here. Don't hate me. Well, let them go. I don't want them.  I love you. I love you. I won't let you go. I'll fight for you. I couldn't have done anything else. I had to help. I had to do something for you. For both of us. Don't hate me. Try to understand. Oh, my darling, I'm yours. Nothing else matters.  Don't take that away from me. I'm your wife. Not my wife. Just someone I was once married to. But that's over with. I'd seen her last night. I'm expecting a remittance any day now. I used to call them me cousins. I had an earl. He was a dancer. I had me a mean partner. Me jewels. Me carriages. No. And me scrubbing brush. There won't be any brush for me not broom you old crow. It's not in the car. The king of hearts. Rodin, see how close we are to each other. Here's the king of spades between them. The king of spades. He always keeps us apart.  Superstition nonsense. I'm not the queen of hearts and Rodin's not the king. Who cares? Cards won't bring him back anywhere. Then why do you sit here wishing sigh? Because I dream and I don't want to dream. I don't want to see him shipwrecked, killed, dying of fever. Farms never lie. Becky, you mustn't look away. Emmy, how can I face you here looking like this? Joseph, my gentle friend. That's better. Thought you were going to throw me out. You know that brush in my stomach wasn't very cordial. Emmy, what are you doing here? Why did you come? Nothing could have kept me away. But Joseph came home and said that he'd seen you. I said, Emmy, I've just seen Becky cutting capers. She said you didn't. I said, I did, capers. We've gone on arguing for hours. But Dobbin arrived with a partner. Dobbin? Is he with you? Oh, no, he just happened to accompany me. He's been happening for years. What I mean to say is accompanying Emmy. At this very moment, he's down in the taproom accompanying a mug of beer. He wouldn't come up. He still remembers. Don't, Becky. The past must be forgotten. Oh, nothing, dear. It's such a mess. It doesn't matter, dear. We always used to sit on the bed for our talk. Come sit by me.  It's in my house. How would you like to have it again for your very own? I offer it to you with all the old affection. You can't stay here. Come and live with me. Oh, this is a dream. Dream, eh? Well, it isn't. Leave us, Joss. Go down to Darwin in the taproom. Becky and I have much to say that's not for strange years. My years strange? They're the same ones I've worn for 40 years. Did you mean what you say? Do you know what you're doing for me? You're saving me for myself from this, from Pitt with his luring charity in his clammy hands. I've written him a letter tweeting for money. You have no need of him now? No, I can go with you. Oh, for the first time in years, I'm happy again. I can breathe. Please, you've done this for me. You owe me, you owe me. Always you've been like a sister to me over here. You've decided to come up after all. Joseph has just told me that you've asked Mrs. Crawley to... Oh, I knew it. He was too good to love. But you've asked her to come and live with you. He told you the truth, William. Becky's the oldest friend I had in the world. She wasn't always a friend to you. I don't care to remember that. Isn't there such a thing as forgiveness? Forgiver, if you will, help. Forgive her money, but don't take her with you. She needs me. She's hard. She's selfish. She'll take advantage of you. As your friend, I can't let you do this. Promise me you won't. I've given you the devotion of a lifetime. This is the only favor I've ever asked of you. If you deny me, this will mean the end of our friendship. I must do what's right. Then goodbye. Break your heart to lose him. Emmy, I'm not coming home with you. I'll not let you do this. I'll send you back to Darwin, no matter how much he's hated me. Don't give up, love. Don't let it be taken from you by me or anybody else. Fight for it. Keep it. It doesn't come often. But you, you... Don't worry about me. I'll manage. Go downstairs. He'll be waiting for you. Take his hand. Ask him to marry you. But I'll never marry him. You will, why shouldn't you? Because of George. I must be true to his memory, his love. Love?  He never really loved you. He did. I'll prove it to you. No matter what you say, I'll think he did. Oh, he was never faithful to you. He made love to me because you were hardly married to him. Here it is. You know the handwriting. He wrote this to me. Send it to me in Brussels, right under your unsuspecting little nose. Now you know. Now you're free to forget the past.  Marry him.  I say, Emmy, did you and Darwin have a breeze? Just you're drunk. Drunk? Drunk. Is she running, too? To Darwin, she's going to marry him. What? What's the matter with you? What have you lost? Lost my heart out of my puzzle to see my sister blessed with such happiness. Why, they'll be happy, but they haven't stolen all the happiness in the world. I think they have. Would you like to sit down and be just as happy as they are? Yes. Do you like Brandy Jota? Well, how would it sit with a beer in there? Perfect. Extra fine cognac. And we have biscuits and gorgonzola. We'll have a little feast. Do you mind sharing the plate with me? No. Quite the content. I'm even so, so bored. Have only one night. I'm ashamed to admit. Isn't it enchanting? Insulting. It's your, your insulting too. Drink hearty, drink deep. A million years have passed since we drank together. Or sat together, undisturbed. Returning glance for glance. Smile for smile. Gorgonzola for Gorgonzola. To the happy two people. To the memory of the past. And the joy of the present. When two people meet again and they agree. That's it. Agree. I, I honor the sanctioned day. To pitch their little tent or little cottage with the trees and the stars above them. I honor the stars above them. And the murmuring of moonlit streams and the perfume of flowers.   Gay and, and garrant. Come, come closer, Becky. Oh, just you frighten me. You're so intense. Intense but, but honorable, Becky. Tell me, are you a widow? Yes or no, because you must become my widow next. Later, later we'll talk about it. Now you must help me pack. I've had enough of all this. We're going. Going? Well. May fair India anywhere away from all this. Well, we can't begin. I, I have no money. No money? You're poor? Who dares accuse Joseph Waterloo suddenly of poverty? No, it's just like I have no cash. We'll have to wait here for a week till my next month allowance comes. But I can't wait the landlord will have me jailed by then. Speak of the devil. Who's there? It's I, Rebecca and Jane. My letter, they've come. What shall I do? Let me, let me throw them out. Wait. Perhaps they're a blessing in the sky. Becky. Sister. We're out of money we need. I'll get it from Pitt. Oh, darling Jane. I can't believe it's really you. One moment. I must make myself presentable. I'm out of the window. If Pitt finds you here, I'll never get the money from him. I'm out. Come on. Cheers.  Quite ready. There you go. Come on. Come on. My Jane. My forgiving kinsman. To see you again. To feel my hand in yours after such a long time. Your letter came, Rebecca. Our hearts were deeply touched by your plight. My prayers have been answered. Yes. We've come to rescue you. To restore you to the bosom of our family, to the tranquility of Queen's Crawley. Queen's Crawley? I'm overcome. But before we do that, my dear, you must cleanse your soul. Rebecca, would it not make you happy to go to church with us before we talk of anything else? Oh, I'd go happily, happily. As soon as I settle with the landlord, he'll not let me leave the house until I pay the money I owe him. Isn't the peace of your soul more urgent? Yes. But so is the landlord. Urgent. And... I trust it's not a large amount. I'm not over. Two hundred pounds. Settle with him for thirty-five. A hundred and fifty? Fifty then. Make it a hundred, brother. Then we can go and listen to the sermon. Thank you. What was that? Aren't you alone? Alone, always alone. I must have been a mouse. And now, dear, get your wallet and come to regain peace. Yes. Regain. Peace. Oh, peace. Regain. Barney. Oh, Mr. Jones. What's wrong? You feel my heart and excitement of seeing you. Water. Oh, no, no, no. Perhaps I'll feel better soon if I rest it. Yes, rest. And I shall stay with you and care for you in your knee. Oh, no, you must not. I'll never forgive myself for this. You must go, dear. I'm used to myself. So please go and come back for me later. Come, dear. Rebecca's over us. Soon she says we should be better. This book of moral precepts would be brought to you. When you're better, read and profit. The title is Rewards of Virtue. Until later, dear. Poor child. Rest well. What stand are blinking at? We must get out of here. I'm not blinking. That's love. All the trunks before the locket. Go away. Go away. Princes.


Yeah, is this is this Ari?  No, mate. How long have you guys been split up for? I don't know since like November or something right and what about because you know Kayla to a Yeah, are you still with Kayla? No right Look a mate.  It's not so bad now for you, right, but Mate, I've been bloody.    Oh, what do you mean? No, it seems like it's Gary I'm mate.          Yeah, no, there's no denied it.         Anyway, just coming down play step dad. So yeah Yeah, all right, mate.  I'm bloody.    Yeah, right.  It's true. Like we this is a stitch up.  I'm not I don't even talk like that.  So she wasn't Marty Marty and Marty and Michael.  So um, yeah, sorry to um Call you Thanks for taking it like a champ and good luck with everything, mate.    It's too cringy. I don't think people are gonna listen I'll put my phone on And we are the best You're the best, you're the best, you're the best You're the best, you're the best, you're the best, you're the best, you're the best You're the best, you're the best, you're the best