What kind of decision to stick with Dustin and go away and prove his camp? Well, right now he's on the roster, so he's our partner. So, I mean, that was an easy decision because Cam is part of the, you know, 52-53 man roster. So we wanted to stay with him just because the continuity, what we have in that room with the players, including Josh and Ku, and keeping that rhythm going. You know, Dustin continues to improve with reps, so we're happy to have him in the building. Quite a lot, especially here this year because of what he's been able to do for a lot of this year. But kind of what can you say about Youngway, in a sense, kind of like always being the same guy? Like he seems like really consistent, mindset-wise to me. Can you kind of speak to what you see from him in that regard? I think the word that you brought up was consistent. You know, he continues, he's learned through his career, you know, early in his career, starting back in 17 with the Chargers, the opportunity we got to work together. He learned about himself, learned about his process and how he goes about the game and the mental aspect and how it correlates for him physically. And has shown through his play the last couple of years.  And also, too, he believes in his teammates. So, you know, it goes without being sad. You have Josh out there doing a great job trusting his teammates. Dustin, you know, holding the ball for him. And then the other guys, nine guys out there that are, you know, holding, or the other eight guys out there holding the football are protecting for him inside and out with the protection and who having that comfort, being comfortable and trusting his teammates with that. And then knowing, too, no matter what the outcome is, he still has to do his job. So if a guy gives up leaky protect it, or leaky pressure, he's still thinking like, I still got to put the ball through the uprights or I got to kick the ball down for it on kickoff a certain way. So he really puts it on himself and he's a leader, you know, leads by example and he will voice, you know, to the players in the huddle like his responsibility and then have an ownership in his responsibility what he has to do on the field. The young way that you met a few years ago and the young way now. You know, the young way that I met a few years ago, he didn't know what he didn't know. So as a rookie coming in, you have certain expectations or a certain viewpoint of how you think the NFL is and how he's supposed to do his job. And then going through those, you know, peaks and valleys, beginning of his NFL career really taught him a lot on how he should approach the game and how he needs to, you know, really dial in on his technique, you know, being firm with what he wants to do and how he wants to approach the game. And that really helped him because I think, too, like you never get put in positions that you can't handle, but at the same time you have to learn from those experiences and that's how you grow as an individual. And it really humbled him. And he's a humbling individual as it is right now. And when you go through experiences like that, whereas uncomfortable, that allows for great growth. And it speaks volumes for him as a person because he allowed himself to grow and learn from those experiences. Yes, it is, Chris. Just because of his experience, he's seen everything. He knows how to handle certain situations in game. He brings a calmness to the sideline when it comes to, you know, whether it's, you know, punning or holding for field goals. And we trust him. You know, we trust him. He knows how the game is going to be played. He's been in a lot of different situations.  So he continues to get better with reps. He's only had a couple of games under his belt. And then again, too, he didn't start the 18, or the 21 season with us. So it's a great opportunity for him to continue to get better each and every week when it comes to that. But it's a blessing to have him in the room for our whole special teams unit. You know, the San Diego State Funner, when I say this, but I'm asking the question kind of hypothetically. We were just talking about that. I'm asking the question kind of hypothetically, what's the ceiling for how high you would argue to draft a pun? I mean, what's the maximum value of that position that you would argue for? You know, that's not even a question for myself, you know, because I coach the guys we have in the room or the guys that we get on the roster. But if there's a guy out there, that's worth drafting. That's the conversation that we have with, you know, Coach Smith and Terry about that. But every year there's about one or two punters that get drafted. And it's just dependent on the need for that team and the talent that's out there for that draft pick. But that's more of an Arthur and Terry question when it comes to that. So let me ask you, what's the value of a potentially next level punter that you think? I mean, it brings great value because not only do they have to pun for us, does he have the ability to kick off, and then does he have, you know, great enough hands where he could hold the ball for us and when it comes to the PAT field goals when we're putting points on the board. But being able to flip the field, create our control field position for our defense and being able to eliminate returners in the return game, I think there's a lot of value in that because, again, that's the first play on defense when it comes to pun in the football.  So you got to have some type of hand-eye coordination. You got to catch the ball. So, you know, when you talk about a punter, whether they're holding or punting the ball, they got to catch the football. And then also too, the time-wise, time-management-wise, you think about in practice, that backup quarterback is usually working with the offense with stuff. Now you have a punter, he's already over there with the kicker, so now you're just gaining that rhythm, gaining that comfortability, getting better with reps. So it just makes sense when it comes to that aspect. Now I've been on teams, too, where we had our backup quarterback hold. And, you know, when it comes to logistically, it's kind of hard, too, when it comes to in-practice, whether you're getting those reps before or after practice when it comes to that, because now you're pulling them away from the offense. That makes sense. Really? What might be too far to punt the ball?  Obviously, you can kick it eight yards. That's great. You know, we can't get down there in whatever amount of time. Is that, have you looked into what's the point of dimension in return, Slane? Yes. You know, when you're trying to flip the field, you know, that's a great question. And we kind of talked about this during training camp. You want to have that healthy combination of direction plus hang time, and then still have some directionability with that when it comes to that. Now, if you're kicking to punt the ball 60 yards, and there's a 4-1 hang time, well, you're not really giving your punt team the opportunity to get downfield and cover, because you got to remember, those guys that are correlated to the line of scrimmage and punt protection, they're on offense until the ball's punted. So they got to protect first, then cover. And that transition is really hard. So by the time they protect and then cover, and it's a 4-1 hang time, 60 yards downfield, let's say we only cover 20 yards.  So that's not the best correlation that we want when it comes to punt and coverage. Now, if you get the ball punted to the sideline, and let's say it's 45 or 60 yards, and it's a 4-1 hang time, but the ball goes out of bounds, the hang times are relevant, because it's not a returnable ball. But if you punt a ball that's 4-8 hang time, and it's 50 yards, and you're able to force a fair catch, like we did a couple weeks ago versus Carolina, that's what you want. And it helps with the gunners, too. If they're getting singled or double-pressed, getting them an opportunity, and giving them time to get down there and be players for us. Because the gunners, based on the formations that we have in punt, they don't have to protect. They can release and go. So we try to give those guys an opportunity to go down there with directional releasing, getting the ball to the proper direction, and allowing those guys to make plays and be effective on the returner. How many players would you want to ideally have on your team that can handle being a gunner? Like, is there a limit? Like, do you feel like you need five? Do you have a preference to have at any point? I mean, it varies. It just depends on what their role is on offense and defense. You know, they could vary from three. You know, I've been on teams, and even currently, right now, it could be as many as eight to nine. You know, so it just depends on what their roles are on offense and defense when it comes in correlation to special teams and what's their impact as a gunner when it comes to that. But the more that you have, the better it is to be able to rotate guys out, especially if you have some guys that are offensive players that are playing on offense, and then now they're on second, third down that, they got to go to special teams and having those extra guys that could go out there and play gunner.  This year, you can see when you're watching, we have multiple guys out there that could play the gunner position, whether you're watching practice or in game.  So right now, do you feel like you need a gun? I mean, it's out there. It varies week by week. It just depends on who's up on the game day roster. But even if you count practice squad, yeah, we're about that high when it comes to those positions. And it's a fluid room because it's a great opportunity for those guys to go down there and make plays and be effective in the game. It's the first play on defense for us. Judging about how it's the last game going into this game, what are some things that you like on special teams that you want to continue to build on? I mean, a big thing, I continue with growth, being able to grow as a unit, that continuity, having guys, whether they're playing on four phases, two phases, three phases, guys are starting to get what we want on special teams, how we want to cover, want to get the return game better, give opportunities for us, decision making in the return game with Avery making great decisions back there as a returner, whether it's the field of punt, don't field of punt, fair catch, return the ball, and then continue to get better with our one-on-one matchups and our basic fundamentals. Coach Smith talks about being brilliant with the basics, and that's special teams right there, blocking, tackling, getting off blocks, running, straining in coverage, all those little things that we're every week we're trying to get better at, and you can see our guys growing in that aspect, and again, we want to continue to peak at the right time in the season, so we want to continue to get better, we don't want to peak too early, but it's a great opportunity for us this week, going against Dallas and their special teams to go out there and put together a complete game on special teams. I know it's coming up early, but obviously you want things to go perfectly with that game, but it may not always be that way. How do you feel that your guys are responding to adversity within the game as far as the special teams? I think our guys are doing a better job because when we talk about adversity, it's about being in the present, because you could be down about something or be mad about a previous play, you know, like for example, Richie Grant wasn't trying to get a penalty on the sideline. He wasn't trying to, but in the name of the game, how the game is going in six minutes and something left in the game on their sideline, that's going to happen. But the next punt where people fell to realize he did a great job in protection versus a linebacker, flattened him, pancaked him, and then he was on the left side of our coverage unit and he needed to make an attack on Deontay Harris, which is a dynamic return on our sideline. So it goes back like, yes, he made a penalty, he made a mistake, but he came back the next time and made a play and saved us and put us in a position where our defense would go out there and play ball. So it's just about being in the present. That's how we handle adversity. We've got to learn from it, obviously, but we can't allow it to affect us in the present. We've got to continue to get better and grow from those opportunities. Your assessment, how has the return of returning and kickoff return often changed with the goal changes in 2018 or in recent years? Yeah. The return, especially having a guy I think, time for the lead all-time return, how does that change? I think it changed more so schematically. You're not seeing as many different coverage looks when it comes to kickoff coverage. And then also too is more space being involved in the play. I mean, the play is really defined as speed and space. That's what it comes down to because there's no wedge blocking. There's a legal double teams with the back three guys, double team and with the front eight guys. So that's where there's a lot of speed and space plays. And then you see a lot of, you know, one-on-one matchups. There's not a lot of wedge blocking. You can't do wedge block. So it's all front level, double team blocks and it's coming more of a speed and space play. And it's a great opportunity for CP this week, you know, to go out there and help along with the other ten guys out there that do their job and we've treated that like a big running play. Go out there and try to get some of that out there. Thank you guys.


Hi, on MPI. Hi, on MPI, brought to you by DigiKnade. For this week, it's Analog Devices Lady. What is the new product introduction of the week, this week? This week, we're going back to ADI. We kind of did a couple other brands, but now we're back to the classic. So ADI, this week's I on MPI is, and it's a blank chip. It's their I-Coupler, I-Squared-C Galvanic Isolation chip, which is the ADUM, so I said LT. They also own linear, but ADUM 1252 and the 1253. So these are bi-directional and unidirectional I-Squared-C isolators. They are specifically designed for electrically isolating the I-Squared-C controller and peripheral. There's two versions. One has a bi-directional SCL pin. It's a little bit more expensive, but supports clock stretching and multi-controller mode and the less expensive, I think the 53 is unidirectional. There's one controller, one peripheral, there's no clock stretching. Okay, so isolation, when do you need it? Well, there's three basic usage, although one of them is two usage. So hazardous voltages are noise, so industrial or robotic usage, where there's a lot of high voltages or there's a lot of electrical noise that you're dealing with and you want to isolate your motor power supply and ground totally from your sensor power supply and ground. You might want galvanic isolation. Secondly, medical devices. So a lot of medical devices, they're in literally messy situations. There's a lot of liquids and fluids and they're getting kicked over and they don't want to have anything accidentally connect a power supply to the sensor that connects to somebody's EKG. They often have high sensitivity requirements. Again, you don't want a lot of noise. And then also regulations, especially for power equipment, there might be a legal requirement for you to keep grounds and power supply separate. This is where you want truly electrical separation, not just like a little ferrite bead to kind of clean up the power supplies, but there's literally no electrical connection between the ground and power on other side. Here's an example, especially like you're doing a robot or a medical device. You have an ADC that you really want a nice, quiet power supply. You have an analog ground and analog power and you want to be separated from your microcontroller or microcomputer that's running at 3.3 volt power and logic and has an earth ground and maybe a messier power supply. This is where the ADUM 1252 and 53 do an excellent job. What's interesting is that the ADUM series uses a galvanic isolation that's not an optocoupler. This is kind of what a lot of people think of when they think of MIDI has isolation. There is a package and they're usually kind of chunky packages. There's literally a light and a photo detector and then signal is sent, usually digital signal. There's maybe some cleanup that helps transform the digital signal into the right LED output and then the receiver is a photo transistor and maybe there's like a Schmidt trigger or something to give you some hysteresis control. The whole thing is potted and so this gives you full actual isolation because the light doesn't pass current and there is no electrical connection between the input and output. The problem is that often these well first off they're not bidirectional obviously they're unidirectional. You'd have to have a separate optocoupler for the other direction. You'd have to have support circuitry to switch directions and all that good stuff. Second, they tend to use a high current because you need to have the LED turn on nice and fast. And sometimes the photo detectors aren't very fast either and so you'd have to get a special version if you're going into like the high kilohertz megahertz rate. So analog devices have the eye coupler series and the way this works is it uses instead of an opto isolation it uses an electrical isolation using a transformer. So if you look at and this would be great under the electron microscope nanographs by the way, if you decap the chip there's literally two halves with little coils that are created by using a standard wafer technique but then adding a polyamide insulation layer and then another coil on top. So this is like kind of half circuitry, half post circuitry manufacturing technique but they've been doing this for like two decades and they've gotten really good at it. And you can see there's two kinds of coils. So there's some ADUM chips that do power and you can see in the middle image there's two bigger coils and then four smaller coils. So that is a chip that would do both power and signal transmission but the chip we're talking about don't do power transmission so you do have to supply the power and ground on either side. They'll say that our USB isolator that we sell in the Adafruit shop we have two chips and one does data and one does power and the power one does this. So we're talking about the electrical isolations like a mini transformer and DC DC converter to give you five volts on either side of the output from the five volts input but again fully isolated. The only thing is you're like, wait a minute you know transformers, I know transformers they don't pass DC they only pass AC that's why they're used for AC transformation from you know you know whatever a couple thousand kilovolts down to your home or 240 and then from your 120 or 240 down to 12 volt AC although we tend not to use transformer based power supplies as much these days they're used in some situations but you need to use AC you can use DC and so what you need to do is convert that DC or I mean it's not DC it's digital signal but it has a DC component it's not true AC convert that to AC and then decode it and so if we look here again this is what this is mostly what the circuitry is doing is actually handling that encoding and decoding bidirectionally okay there's also some extra circuitry in there that I thought was kind of nicely added in they had it a added a hot swap controller so if you know you know if you're doing this safety isolation you probably also want to make sure that you don't end up with a stuck I squared C bus which absolutely can happen if you like plug in a device if there's a wire that's jiggled or whatever you have your you know something come in at the middle of an SCL pulse can get very confused because you really want it it wants to see eight SCL pulses before it you know knows what to do next and so on one side there is a a pre-charge and a glitch filter so it will determine when you're actually at a stop condition on the I squared C bus and then it will connect the two sides together so you can also use it as a hot swap controller which is which is kind of nice like it's like a two four you don't need a second hot swap controller as well there's also an undervoltage lockout so if I think you can use either you can use either side as a level shifting I squared C converter 1.8 to 5.5 volts so either side can be 1.8 to 5 volts and you can shift up or down in addition if you go below 1.8 volts there's a lockout so you won't accidentally have them you know have an undervoltage affect the signal on the opposite side of the galvanic isolator. While this chip is I squared C there are different isolators available from you know USB, LVDS, amplifiers, RS232, SPI so you know or ADC or CAN even so you know this is specifically for I squared C it's really only designed for I squared C please don't try to bush it into CAN bus or something but if you do want isolated CAN check out the I coupler series they've made like they've kind of you know cooked this technology into every kind of isolation transform or you could possibly need. Yeah both versions so again one is a little bit the 1253 is a little bit less expensive unidirectional SCL pin 1252 is a little bit more expensive but has bidirectional SCL for when you have multi controller or clock stretching. All right we have a really good video we're going to use. That's right. Hi Dave. Hello Mark. You know we have been building and improving our digital isolators for years and I still get questions from people about whether our installation is as robust as an opto coupler it's like gossip it just keeps coming around. Yeah it really is frustrating after all the materials research we've been doing it'd be really great if we had some dynamic way of showing how robust the insulation really is. You know I think I have just the thing in the lab we can do a side-by-side transient isolation comparison between opto couplers and digital isolators come on let's go do this. Okay so what we have here is one of the most powerful surge testers on the market it's up to 24 kv and it will deliver up to 40 joules of power on every pulse that is enough to ruin your whole day and we also have a high-speed camera to catch any failures. Is this the machine that does the 1.2 by 50 microsecond pulse that the agencies use? It's exactly the same and VDE requires a 10 kv pulse as a proof of reinforced insulation so we're going to start with a 10 kv pulse. There you go. Yeah but we all know that the opto coupler is going to pass this test. Yeah but fair is fair and we really need to test both of them. All right just make it quick. Let's put in the digital isolator. Well we know that both opto couplers and digital isolators will pass this test that's where we get the questions. Opto couplers claim to be much better than the standard while people worry that digital isolators are just barely passing. Well it wasn't a very exciting test I'll grant you that but what do you say we turn this machine all the way up and really test the limits of these technologies all the way? Sure 24 kv. What did I tell you? And here's the opto coupler. Okay 24 kv here we go. Now that was an impressive failure. That blew that opto coupler clean in half. Let's look at that again in slow motion. I would say that result is a pretty clear rebuttal of the gossip. Digital isolators are as capable as opto couplers they have matched and even surpassed them in critical safety parameters like transient withstand. Well my work here is done. Make sure that you lock the lab on the way out and sort of clean this up the lab manager likes it tidy in here.


Hello everyone to the peer-to-peer technologies and blockchain session. The background context for this whole workshop goes back to the beginnings of times, when the ethereum founders realized very early on that the public blockchain is basically the final missing piece in the puzzle in atrežiča ko vzigljali naite vsoočenje. Kako je izvežila srednji drim vzigljali naite vsoočenje. In jo, še sem rovljala idej z kakožim, da ste odbožite nekaj etereju ekosystemom, nekaj se je uhmet na vsevživnje vsevživnje, ki da moreš kakva radnjela za nažitom, z Toma državo. In tudi transkranje je srednjet, nekaj nekaj treba bez koril? Daj se však vzelnje in trajet bleedingi. V zelo ,,I.O." je tudi, ki je spremnjela, zača vzela za nasak, In druga pilara je izgleda za komunikacije. Zdaj, da je bil veliko odličil in vse projekte je zelo v skopu. Vse vse projekte, da sem izgleda vse projekte, To je kajno, kajno došli projekti, ki so došli do vrštih. Jih je vzvečen, da so priježili vzvečen je naši takrat, in tudi je odličati do vrštih teknoločnih. Zelo vse sem izvedal, da smo prišli došli, zelo je jezivstvena z vsega. Zelo je skupnjak, z nami pozavljenja, V pomečnih naših skopih? Pomečno decir, da je bilo zavrčen, da je bilo tukaj konec in koment in tako drženje, dokončne in vrtečne, vsega začnega. Predvaj smo odličilo, da je tukaj zvrčen in to ima začin na začin in tudi v nekaj baseljevnih servici, ki je zelo zbarno na internetu, našli na vso vznik v tem, da je več vznik, in tudi vznik vznik in tudi vznik, ki je vso vznik vznik, da je vznik, da je vznik, da je vznik na tezvim ekosistem, je več vznik, da je vznik vznik vznik, da je vznik vznik vzniku, da je vznik vznik, The web stack and most real time interactive applications nowadays based on some central database components. It's a database driven so if we provide some tools how to handle or how to manage these databases in the new paradigm of the decentralized Internet then we can help the adoption or those are helping migrating current web solutions to the new paradigm. So today we are going to see a lot of interesting presentations and especially I'm very happy to say that some of these are quite mature to the extent that we are going to have the possibility So, in the first hall before the lunch break, Aaron and I will talk about Swap-Swern and Swindle games. The context for this is to provide some infrastructure for accounting and providing kontraks for decentralized services and provide efficient payment solutions, basically micropayment solutions, which allow users to save on transaction cost, as opposed to on-chain direct payments. So we're going to talk about that first, and then we're going to have a session on TrueBit, which is basically off-chain verification of computation. And right after the lunch break, we're going to have the live peer, who are presenting a solution using Swarm to stream media files, audio and video. They're going to have demos as well. And then we're going to have another streaming-related talk by streamer. Later in the session, we're going to have a talk about PSS. PSS is our not-to-not messaging service on Swarm. And very closely related to that, the mainframe is going to present their communication solution based on PSS, which is basically a slack-like alternative communication, like chat client. And this will have audience participation. So please be prepared with your gadgets if you want to take part. After that, we're going to have presentations by BigChainDB. And to close the session, I'm going to present some kind of, instead of a proper talk, I will just present some ideas and start a conversation about how to do the decentralized database services using our ecosystem, and what are the challenges and what are the requirements that we need to have proper decentralized services doing databases. So I hope that you're going to enjoy these sessions. And now without further ado, I give it over to Aaron to start the talk about PSS. So, enjoy.


Here we have another teaching idea for the past perfect tense where we'll ask our students to finish a statement made. We'll have cut these pieces out before our class and distributed them to pairs or small groups. The students will randomly turn their card over and they'll read the beginning of a statement and be challenged to finish it in a sensical way. Here we have I couldn't sleep because the student could finish it however they'd like, perhaps I couldn't sleep because I had seen a scary movie. The students will continue on and finish the activity perhaps getting some feedback of their various sentences.