All right, Cyber Traders, good afternoon and welcome on back here this Monday, August 2nd, top of the month to everybody. In fact, great to see all of us live inside the Cyber Group Room, including Norman, John, Chuck, Felix, Tom, David, Amola, William, Bonnie, Gary and all of our students, trial members alike. And for all of us on social media, Facebook Live and YouTube, welcome on back. I think someone left their speakers on here in the office. I could hear myself. Sorry, I'll tough it out. But nonetheless, though, great to see everybody and let's get things started here by going over the TCAT trade. Now, really quickly, if you've been a member in our trading room for, let's say, longer than a month, and perhaps if you're joining us on social media as a recurring attendee, someone who watches us regularly, if not myself on a daily basis, let me ask you this question. What does TCAT do? What type of business, let's just say, is TCAT involved in? You don't have to know the exact A to Z on the company. But what type of business do they more so deal with? Well, what's been going on with TCAT over the last, not even a month, but even like the last three to four months. Now, I love Chuck's answer. And I like Bonnie's answer too. Bonnie says no idea. And then Chuck follows up even more abrupt saying, I don't care. And normally, I wouldn't either, Chuck. But let's just go with it for right now. Felix, Bill and Lou is saying it's all about the digital art NFTs to do with crypto. Now, I'll be talking about Bitcoin just at the end of this meeting. But that's not about Bitcoin here. This is about at least the stock and the sector or at least business that this stock is in, the NFT stocks. And to start, the DLPN was one that we ended up trading and calling out from earlier this morning. So I know they ended up coming out with news today. And because of that, that's what led to my personal interest in the TCAT trade leading into the market open. Going into the market open today, I ended up prepping up, lining up and charting about four or five stocks. And to be really blunt with you, I didn't really have the best day. I figured today wasn't going to be the most thrilling day of them all. In fact, markets dropping off a bit, but otherwise, not much really going on across the board. Well, I took the time to prep DLPN. And I ended up taking the time to prep the TCAT trade too. I ended up jumping in this trade early after the market opened up right around 7.30ish, 7.35. This was probably my best trade on the morning. I ended up taking a 2 cent loss and I got back in for a 40 cent gain, ended up carrying it up towards just about 7.75 going into 10.30 Eastern time. From there, we'll obviously drop back. And then right now, we saw this thing just break out before heading into the afternoon meetings. So really quickly, I'll just take a look at the news on TCAT here if anything. I don't know if there's any news in relation to this company. There was news out on the Dolphin trade from this morning. So there was news in relation to Dolphin looking to create a service to create large scale consumer facing NFT marketplaces for major sports and entertainment brands. So that obviously sounds pretty interesting. So that's what led to Dolphin popping. I don't have any news on TCAT here. And well, on top of TCAT, let's go over a couple of the other NFT type of stocks. Maybe they're moving at the same pace or same rate as the TCAT here. HOV, not much going on there. The OEG stock, I believe this is also in relation, not a whole lot going on there. YVR made a pop right around the same time TCAT did. It looks like YVR might be in play heading into the afternoon. It's up just about 7.5 percent currently. Maybe I'll come back to this one specifically at the end. But the way TCAT's moving, obviously, we'll start things off by putting this on our main list. Beautiful trend right now. The only thing I don't like about it is just the fact that the order book is kind of light, kind of thin. So you would really need to more so follow the 50 cent levels and whole numbers for this trade. Allow me to bring up level 4 even for right now just to show you a quick glimpse into that. I do have it up for this stock. Looks like we ended up seeing a bunch of volume getting filled right around 8 bucks, 7.90 up to 8. And it took a couple of breaks to really get this pop and run going. It ran through those orders earlier, then it kind of crumbled back down. And that was to be expected. But the more it kind of pops its head back up to 8 and over 8, it's always a question of what if? What if it keeps doing that? Well, the more often it does that, eventually you're going to get the big move that you're looking for. So it took a few stabs at it. But right here, once it really broke over 8, the next go around right before 2.15 Eastern time, that's what led to this beautiful move up, right? Ended up running up from 8 up towards 8.70. You can see there's resistance building at 8.90 and 9. And then from there, maybe 9.25 or 9.20-ish, there seems to be some smaller, more minor resistance up top. All right, let's see. Do I have the dolphin trade up still? Maybe I still have that up. Oh, it's right next to it. There we go. Here's the DLPN trade for right now. It ended up making a bit of a pop over 10. I would have expected a very similar type of false breakout, or at least shaken. I didn't really trade this going into the afternoon. I was too busy making PowerPoints, but ended up making a nice move back over 10, right up nicely. But this is what we're looking for here. With TCAT making the move that it's making, it's no guarantee. It's more of a hope than anything. But if this can make a higher low and show strong support off of 10, and so long as that doesn't get filled and broken through, perhaps this could lead to a nice new run-up, the dolphin trade. And from the time that I last showed this chart, this thing just blew right over 9. This thing might be getting halted soon. So for right now, definitely TCAT. And with dolphin, I'll put it on the main list. I guess we'll make the cut for right now. If we have a big list, and this isn't doing much, maybe I'll give it the boot at the end. But otherwise, though, what we'll do is really go from top to bottom. Let's just say this thing just ripped right from 10, made this huge pop right now. There we go. That's not perfect timing. I mean, much sooner than later I was getting here, but nonetheless, big pop in the dolphin stock here. Let's go from top to bottom, otherwise see what else we got here. Things have been pretty lackluster outside of TCAT and outside of now, the dolphin trade. So for anything else that we'll try and go through here, we'll see what we can get. The EVK stock, I'm surprised to have seen it hold as much as it did throughout the afternoon. No surprise personally for me now to see this dump off as fast as it is. And with it dumping off as fast as it is here, no chance I'm going to put this on our watch list now. Stock ended up making a nice slingshot from earlier this morning, right around 4, 420-ish broke out from, made a really nice move from that point. But the thing is on this stock, and we said this before from last week on a bunch of trades, look how little volume this stock trades on a day-to-day basis, at least prior to whatever news that came out this morning. Just a few hundred thousand shares on average a day here. It looks like this day was maybe 5 million where it popped and dropped, but nonetheless, for this stock to be up as much as it was, even heading into the market open, I would have expected a lot of consolidation and it did, led to a nice pop. At least at that point, I was expecting a big dump off sooner than later, and just now he ended up getting that. So we'll pass on this EVK trade for right now. Slower, steadier move here. The INFI stock ended up making a really nice pop going into the mid to late morning, right after 10.30 Eastern time, broke high the day off of 260-265-ish, and the rest was history from there. In fact, I ended up drawing this like bit of a pennant pattern here. It was kind of squeezing in sideways, lower highs, higher lows, and finally ended up popping. I ended up making the breakout upward. I was expecting the break to be down. So caught me off guard, ended up making the beautiful run from there though up towards 3. Just tried breaking over 3 a moment ago here. You know what, for right now, put it on our list, put it back on our list, the INFI stock in hopes of a higher low from right this point, and a move back over 3. If we see more buying above 3 and should there be no real major resistance right above that price, then perhaps that could be the run that you're looking for. So I'll slip this on here too. At this point, I don't think the dolphin stock DLPN is going to be near the bottom, so to say, of this list. With this type of move up, I think it'll kind of be near the middle to top, right? T-cat shaking around, although that broke over 9 just before we saw that. This is a bust from earlier today, the XCUR stock. It was dropping off, I mean, even by 7 o'clock Eastern time, 8.30 was flat. So there is not much movement on this stock leading into the open.  Man, that dolphin trade is absolutely flying. It's on the way up to 11 right now. Take one more look at it. At 20k iceberg on the esk, right at 11 here, and it's gone. Got another order here at 11.07. I just saw it pop in and out. This thing's fast. Is anybody in on this DLPN trade right now in this meeting, any one of us in the cyber group room, or perhaps any one of us in social media, any of you in the dolphin trade currently? Felix, he is. Alright, Felix, I don't want to distract you any further. I'm going to let you be on your trade. Wayne just got out. He got 24 cents off of 10 in and out quick. Alright, cool. Alright, we'll keep it going, Felix. Hopefully this makes a higher low from here, and a pushback over 11. Alright, but yeah, obviously this will not be on the bottom of said list at the end, near the top. Alright, see what else we got here. The XBIO ended up making a nice new run up. Broke over last week's high set from Thursday. Ended up really making a nice run from that point as it topped off around 570. Ended up making a nice bounce just before here too, and pushing up. So man, this XBIO still has some life to it. I'll come back to this at least by the end, if not put this on our list. Oh man, that dolphin trade, that should be getting halted. The dolphin trade should be getting halted. It just broke over 11. So you know what? I'll keep going through the gainers list, then we'll come back to that trade at the very end to show you where it's at. Alright, BT, BT pushing up here again today. This looks like a really nice pattern on the daily chart. It's not picture perfect because these highs aren't identical to the highs from earlier in the week, but this was as clean of a Fausto flag as you could find on the daily chart. The lows were squeezing up. It was holding really well underneath the highs previously from earlier last week, 9.46, 9.41, and pretty close. Ended up making the big breakout as soon as the market opened up here today. It's still near the highs right now. It's a little choppy, so I'd like to see a nice pop sooner than later. Got a 35,000 share iceberg on the ask off 1090. Probably have something. Yep, 38,000 shares on the ask at 11. So still has some life to it. I'll come back to this at the end, the BT, BT, and I'll come back to this probably when I wrap up Bitcoin at the end of it all. Alright, Felix just got out really nicely. He was in from 990 and he just got out. If I'm not mistaken, he got out like right near the highs on the DLPN, right near 11.40. Felix, that's like the immaculate trade so far, sir. And you know what, even if it keeps going up, you don't want to worry about leaving any sort of said money on the table. We talked about it last week in a coaching session, and you certainly know now. You'd always get back in on the trade if it gives you the chance to in just a moment. I would look for support to build off that last peak. Right off it here. 1075, 1080-ish.  That's a $1.50 profit per share on that trade, the DLPN. Alright, so we keep it going. See what else we got here. The cat in trade, this is like still near the highs, but it's so motionless right now. It's so flat. Normally, and this will be my little spoiler for at least the stocks that are related to Bitcoin, but the stocks that are related to Bitcoin mining or blockchain, those never, I don't want to say never, but those rarely if ever make a clean move up higher into the close if they are at the highs. This is at the highs, I'd say. It's pretty close. I would not be expecting this to break out higher into the next hour and 15 minutes. We rarely see these Bitcoin stocks do so. And normally, this is where you would want to see a stock, but history normally proves this wrong. They might be better short opportunities as a day trade, if anything. I'm sure at some point that theory will be wrong, but at least for the last year at this point, I think for the last over 365 days, we've been kind of talking about that. And I don't think we've ever had one of those. Alright, so we'll keep it going. See what else we got. We got Galt, rhymes with salt, ended up making a nice pop, got halted after the market opened up actually. But unfortunately, this one ended up falling apart pretty quick. ACY is a known pop and drop type of stock. I know news came out on square with a buyout of a company that's listed on the Australian exchange from not mistaken. That's all I know. AHPI looked nice from earlier, ended up making a nice pop going into the late morning, right after 11.15, 11.30 Eastern time, ended up topping off right around 10.75, 10.80 the high of the day there. And obviously now not doing a whole lot, or if it's doing anything, it's dumping off, but not doing much that we would want it to do. VXRT, same thing. And it's sad to say because this stock is now becoming more of a pop and drop type of stock than something we could actually sink our teeth into as a runner. So what I mean by that is back Thursday of last week, news came out on this stock. I forgot the news at the time, so I apologize for that. But ended up running up in pre-market. It was dumping off, leading into the market open, so not surprised that this ended up holding a lower high later on. But damn, this ended up even breaking much lower later on it. It was up 7% Thursday morning, it closed the day like down 5%. So history, unfortunately, repeated itself today for the most part. Ended up popping right out the gate, falling right back down. I guess it made a bounce around 7.60-ish, but volume was poor at that time. We weren't really watching the trade at that point. And it's like flat now. So maybe tomorrow we'll check back in on this trade. We'll see. All right, so we keep it going. Express is up 11% plus percent. Kind of flat right now, though. Made a lower high just before. I know Lewis could call that out earlier. All right, so we'll hop over to the loser's side for the meantime here, folks. See if there's anything on that side of the field looking better. Spy is at the low of the day, or not at the lows. It's kind of filling in sideways still. It seems like a lower high being formed right now and wouldn't shock me if it ends up pulling back towards the afternoon. Got the XPO trade. This thing looks like it got crushed. I don't know the news on this stock. It looks like it ended up making a squeeze after the market opened up and dropped right back down. Now, again, we're not normally going to trade a stock this expensive, but I show this to you because, well, I want to do this here really quickly because I found this pretty interesting. It's my jeopardy music. All right, so this XPO stock ended up popping and dropping after the market opened up. Right? Next stock here, IMVT was down as much leading into the market open. Maybe XPO is down more, I guess, but either way, both were down off of bad news and this was certainly down big leading into the market open. They made the same pattern. This ended up squeezing up beginning in pre-market, but after the market opened, it topped off at a big volume level. This one topped off at 9. This one topped off a little bit above 86, but ended up pulling right back down. Both of them and both of them are easy to borrow. They're not hard to borrow on my platform trade station here. I was watching this IMVT as a short opportunity, ended up topping off right from 9 perfectly and dropped down. That made for a great 50 to 60 cent trade at least and left some money on the table. This ended up doing the same exact move for the most part. That's a pattern that you can follow going forward, not to assume that type of top off every single time, but for a stock that's down 30, 40, 50 plus percent and certainly the more expensive the stock could be perhaps the bigger of a move it can make in terms of dollars. IMVT made for a nice squeeze up but dropped off after. All right, so we keep it going. TGTX, kind of a familiar name. I've seen the stock pop and drop off of good news and bad news over the years. It was more within our price range back a year ago. Right now it's just really flat.  FLDM, kind of a familiar name. Not a whole lot really going on there, albeit at the lows. That's pretty much all I got, folks. I mean, no real other familiar names on the loser's side. And that's fine. I mean, we got a decent list to begin.  I'll update you, folks, more throughout the week you're beginning tomorrow. And for all of us inside the trading room, I'll update you in particular, at least during the afternoon broadcast coming up here. All right, so I'm going to recap Bitcoin in just a moment, folks. But in the meantime, let me know if there's anything up, down, left, right, more than 5% anything that I didn't have a chance to look at just yet. Got from Mitch on YouTube, and I'm probably a few minutes late to this call out myself. He chatted earlier about the RKT pop. Yeah, a nice push up earlier from 1770 up to, was that 19 almost? 1865. I don't know if there's news out on it or not. Let me just take a look. I'd be more interested in it if there was. There's no news on it then. I don't really care, I guess, because it pulled back pretty sharp. Volume already died off on it. Looks like RKT shares trading higher after the company announced it is launching into the solar energy industry. Rocket mortgages? Is that the same company? Or is this rocket companies? I always get those confused. Is this rocket mortgages? Again, into the solar energy industry? I don't know what the hell that's about, but led to a bit of a pop at stock that we are familiar with at least in stock also that has great liquidity on the water book. We're not really too big of a list so far. You know what? I'll add it for right now. Hopefully, this can make a nice higher low and a push back up later on. If not, then we'll see. I guess we'll follow something else then at that point. Folks, let me know if there's anything else that you see. If not, then I'll just jump to Bitcoin quick, then we'll wrap up. I got one. I got one here really quick. Not a RKT, but SCKT. Nah, that's garbage. I just got the ping from Benzinga Pro on this right now. All these high the day alerts on SCKT, SCKT. Thought it looked good. This doesn't mean it's going to be for a great trade. Looks like this stock did make a huge move either in after hours trading or pre-market on this morning from late July. Perhaps for that reason it could be somewhat interesting, but I don't know. It's really bad volume right now. A very thin order book. Oh yeah, that's right. We did say we would go back to a couple stocks. I just got the chat now from RJF and YouTube asking about the BTBT trade. Let me do XBIO first. There were two stocks out. I said I was going to come back to XBIO. From the time I last looked at it, it just kind of broke down. I'm going to pass on that for right now. BTBT has only pushed up. This one definitely will be promoted to the main list here at this point. If I put BTBT up, I reckon I'll look at Riot and I'll look at Mara here quick. I'm more reluctant on putting those on the main list. I feel like BTBT, I don't know what the short interest is on it, but that one's definitely been a lot more volatile for its price. You could even see the can trade dumping off from when we last looked at it. It seems like all the other blockchain or Bitcoin mining affiliated stocks are just kind of stagnant. This one's at the highs right now and pushing up still. Definitely a good call. I'll put this on our main list. Watch out for the resistance right near the high of the day. It looks like it popped up and dropped back down.  Be careful of that there. All right, so to wrap it up, Bitcoin here and we'll close it out. So really quickly, this is the last time that we ended up checking on Bitcoin this vertical line right off of July 30th back from Friday of last week. So a little bit of a pop and from that time, bit of a drop off after. Not a whole lot of real significant news came out over the weekend. I know that there's some infrastructure bill that could be possibly related to Bitcoin. I don't know. Nothing really too significant came out for me to really be interested in good or bad either way. It's just to say that from the last time that we were looking at Bitcoin and really not even the last time, the last week and a half I've been telling you and warning you of a pullback. I knew that it was going to happen just given the pop-up. We were not out of the doghouse just yet and that was even back from here. So I was expecting a pullback back down towards the EMAs here at this point. Didn't get it. So if it ends up dropping back down a little bit closer towards the 500 here on the hourly chart, then I'll try and add more. I ended up adding more right around here and I told you folks of that like a week and a half, two weeks go at the time. Dropped off a little bit lower but then I got the slingshot pretty happy about that. So the thing I want to show you though and I didn't have this up from the last time I showed you the chart is this trend line here. You can see from the highs from like 64,000 or 65,000 the all-time high and I had this line a little bit better before this meeting started but there we go. Getting pretty close if not exactly hitting the trend line I had here.  So I just found that good food for thought. So perhaps over the next few days if it drops off a little bit more I'll add and I'll let you folks know as soon as I do or at least into the next meeting. So that's going to wrap it up for me folks. If there's anything else that I failed to acknowledge or comment on here quickly just type it in the chat board. Give us an extra 20, 30 seconds here. All right. Jesse says Riot. Lynette says Lizzie. The Riot trade we talked about already. The Lizzie stock. Nothing's going on there. It's like bad volume. APT at 11.10 just busted an iceberg from a couple minutes ago from Chuck. Yeah it still seems volatile. I mean that still seems like a tradable stock. I don't think I'm going to put it on our main list but if that's a stock that you've performed very well on over the last week I'm sure it's worth putting on your personal watch list. The IMTES activity to it. So one of us called that out just before Norman of 15% right now. It seems so choppy. Like I'll put it on our list because it is moving up pretty nicely for right now and I got to respect the afternoon move here at this time of the day but man just very choppy up and down so you know hopefully this makes for a cleaner breakout opportunity later on. If not a cleaner breakout opportunity then perhaps a nice slingshot opportunity off at 450. All right folks so with that in mind I know that Rich will jump on the mic himself coming up at three o'clock here. I'll be back on myself right around 3.30 taking us going into the market close for all of a sudden social media Facebook live YouTube as always I appreciate you sticking with me each and every day each and every afternoon and if you're a new attendee well welcome on a board. So if you have any specific trading questions you would like to ask myself what I'll do here is post my email right in the chat board it'll be on the stream josh at ctutrading.com again I host this afternoon broadcast every weekday 2 30 p.m eastern time so let me know if you have any specific questions just send over a quick question right over to my email address I'll be more than happy to talk to you on the side. All right aside from that though for all of us live inside the trading room give me a quick second I'll post and tweet the pics and again I'll be back on coming up in just a bit take care


So yeah, we're going to talk about Chrome IPC. I assume many people here took the anatomy of a browser talk earlier today. So you're familiar with the multiprocess architecture in general, kind of how we send box processes and why we do it. So IPC is obviously inter-process communication. That's how the processes talk to each other. That system that we have in Chrome is called Mojo. We're going to talk about that. We do have slides at a go link up there. Go slash Chrome IPC 101 slides with hyphens. If you want to follow along or save it for later, it might be just a nice read to put you to sleep later tonight or something like that. Oh, right, I have a clicker. And so this is a basic practical, really simple example of using IPC. Funny enough, after we put this together, I discovered that the battery API is deprecated, but whatever. There isn't a simpler API to talk about, so we're going to talk about that. And so the basic flow of events here is the renderer. It calls navigator.getBattery. Oh wait, next slide, right. It makes a web API call, sends a request to the browser. Browser does some privileged work, sends a response back, render shows you your battery status. That's a real website. It's really cool. OK, so the render code looks like this. It's just some JavaScript navigator.getBattery as a promise, so it's asynchronous work. We want to talk about kind of how the renderer implements this API using IPC, how it gets the response back, and we're just going to dive into that. So this is the very high level look at things. The message format, we use a slightly different. That's a slight simplification, but the basic idea is it's not much more complicated than this, right? There's some message which describes this request. The renderer sends it to the browser over some channel which is dedicated to this feature. The browser sends a response back eventually, or maybe never, and then the renderer can continue on with its work. And so Mojo, this is where Mojo comes in. Mojo has an interface definition language which we use to describe messages and data structures. This is similar to Protobuf, if anyone's familiar with Protobuf. It is different for various reasons. But this is the basic format. So we can describe interfaces which are just collections of related messages, kind of like a class interface that has a collection of related methods. Messages can have responses. That's what we're showing here with the query status message. Renderer sends query status. Browser responds with a battery status structure. The structure is described by the Mojom file format. This file format is used at build time in Chrome to generate C++ code, JavaScript code, Java code. In the future, it's likely we'll probably have rust bindings, maybe other languages, not promising anything, but the main reason we have this idea though is so that we can generate bindings for different languages because we wanna talk from JavaScript to Java or to C++ or whatever. And so Mojo C++ code has these two very important primary types that you use with Mojo called a remote and a receiver. The remote sends messages to a receiver. The receiver receives messages and invokes corresponding methods on an implementation of the interface. So a remote is a way of talking to a remote implementation of an interface. And the Mojo message pipe is the primitive that kind of joins these things together and allows the remotes to send messages to the receiver. The receiver to send replies back to the remote. Conveniently, there was just a talk on the task scheduler. And so people are probably familiar with binding callbacks and doing asynchronous work. The way this works with Mojo is the render has this remote object. It calls query status and we didn't show it here because we weren't really sure whether or not anyone would know what a callback was. The query status call passes the callback and when the reply comes back, the callback is executed. So just like any asynchronous work in Chrome like post task and reply kind of thing. And so at this point, the native code, once it gets reply, it would then resolve the promise in JavaScript and you'd have your battery status information in the browser. Yay. And just for a detailed look at what this looks like, this is the flow kind of end to end from the remote back to the callback, back to the promise resolution. And so we have the call on the remote which results in the message being serialized. This gets written to a message pipe to the browser where it's read out, deserialized, pass to a receiver, which calls the method on the implementation. It goes to the operating system, gets the battery status information, whatever, however long that takes, it eventually invokes the callback to respond. And then we have the same flow back in the opposite direction to where the render results the promise. From a user's perspective, you really just have a remote on one side and an implementation with a receiver on the other side and you can just kind of call methods in it, magically works. And with that, Oksana is gonna talk more about the code that we generate from Mojom and how this is implemented in the browser and along with that some security concepts. Thank you Ken. So as Ken just mentioned, we get C++ code generated from the IDL files at build time. And this, among other things, this generated class has query status method. It's pure virtual, which means all implementations must override it. And the Mojom file has the return value and the way we handle it in C++ is that we pass this value to the callback and the callback runs in the renderer. So the browser code can implement the interface by inheriting a class from the generated battery monitor. And here is what it has and what it does. It overrides the query status method and we'll look at the implementation in just a second. Then it also has a receiver object which handles the communication with the renderer and translates incoming messages into method calls. And finally it knows how to connect this receiver to the pipe. We will not get into details here, but a common pattern is to do it in a constructor. So here is a possible implementation of the query status method. We create an instance of the battery status structure. We set the charging and level fields and then we pass it to the callback. At this point we're done, that's it. We have all the pieces in place that we need to get the battery status from the OS to the webpage. It's not exact chromium code and since it's deprecated, it might disappear soon. But it's pretty similar, it's pretty close. So working code is great, but how do we make sure the communication is secure? So let's switch to a different example where a renderer sends data to the browser. How about creating an interface to add bookmarks? It can have just a single method at bookmark. If this method takes a string as a URL, it's possible for the renderer to potentially pass some data that triggers vulnerabilities in the browser. So in such cases, it's safer to use provided modem URL type because it has built-in validation. The message is only considered deserialized if it's valid and only then module will involve the implementation. Otherwise it signals an error and closes the pipe. You can also, so the browser implementation can be sure it always is called with a valid URL. It's easy to plug in your own validation as well or your own types. So message validation is one way to make IPC more secure. We use some other approaches as well. So only the browser process is trusted by default. And if one part of Chrome wants to communicate with another part of Chrome, the browser handles this. Also any changes to the modem files need to pass a security review, which means someone from security team needs to approve them and pre-submit checks and commit queue, make sure it happens. Okay, so we have looked at some very simple examples and just covered the basics. So I'd like to leave you with some resources you can use to learn more and be productive. So go slash modem-docs and go slash modem-basics point to pages in the modem source directory. Modem services section in the top level docs has some related links. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to reach out. Follow go slash modem-slack to join our dedicated Slack channel in the Chromium workspace or email chromium-modem at chromium.org. And finally, did you know that cs.... Sorry, code search, which is located at cs.chromium.org also indexes modem files? Well, now you do. Special thanks to Daniel Murphy for helping the talk and thank you so much for your attention.


Good afternoon and welcome to Activating Annotation with D2L, I am Sonia Visser from Hypothesis and I am so happy to be joined today with Dr. Diana Epelbaum from the Marymount Manhattan College. Just a quick little bio of Dr. Epelbaum, you know, she is the associate professor and director of the academic writing program at Marymount Manhattan College. Her scholarship is interdisciplinary, bridging writing and rhetoric, early American literature and history of science. She's reading, she's a reading specialist and educator trained in the balanced literacy approach who spent her career in deep engagement with writing, reading and thinking pedagogies. She's recipient of the New York Times teachers who make a difference award, and she now teaches interdisciplinary history of science literature and first year composition and trains faculty in classroom metacognition. Diana, thank you for joining me today. We're so excited to hear from you. Just a couple of housekeeping items. If you have any questions, or want to learn more about something either one of us have discussed, please use the Q&A that's at the bottom of your zoom chat has is disabled but Q&A is where you can answer any questions. Today, we're going to start talking about social annotation and why you would want to use that. I'm going to give a quick demo of what hypothesis looks like in D2L, and then Diana is going to really dive in and talk about how she uses hypothesis in her courses. And at the end, we will have some time for Q&A so please feel free to put in any of those questions that you have in Q&A and we will answer those at the very end. So I'm going to get started and so happy you all joined us today. So hypothesis in teaching and learning, what is hypothesis so we are a tool that allows you to collaborate over online content that really makes discussions more meaningful productive and engaging. So we like to talk about how hypothesis makes reading active, visible and social. And when we think about making reading active. This is really for students to really dive in and engage with that content. They are reading, whether it is a URL type of content PDF, whether you're using articles or textbooks, they're reading that document they're commenting they're asking questions they're collaborating with their fellow students with the faculty members. But they're able to do that right on that content. Hypothesis also makes reading visible. And we think about this from the perspective of the professor, the faculty member, they're able to get a window into what the students are really understanding what they have questions about. Is there any type of this? Is there a part of this material that they need more explanation on, and they're able to pull in other documents or websites to be able to either back up a point, ask a question, or provide some more insight. So that's a visible window that a lot of faculty did not have prior to using hypothesis. And then lastly hypothesis is social. We are all very used to using different apps to be able to communicate with each other, whether that's with Facebook or Instagram, and being able to type in your questions provide comments, having all of that social activity on the document is something students are very comfortable with. And it really is bringing them to a point that they can engage with this document and how they engage with a lot of other things that they're doing in their lives. I'm going to jump in and show you what hypothesis looks like in D2L. So this is our instance of hypothesis and once you have actually integrated hypothesis into your institutions, Brightspace D2L space, you would then see that you would have assignments where hypothesis isn't enabled. So we have one here I'm just going to click on this marketing assignment. I'm going to open that link. And you will see that hypothesis will appear as a sidebar right on top of this content. So the faculty students they can minimize hypothesis you could bring that hypothesis out. You can actually see where we have annotations right here on the document, you could turn those off just by clicking this I and you can read that document cleanly. In order to annotate, you would just hover over certain words, and you would be able to choose to annotate or to highlight. So while you're able to collaborate, annotate, ask questions of each other provide comments, you can also highlight students can highlight for themselves and they can also take page notes. So they can really use hypothesis as a way to gather all of their data for this document and this assignment and they can come back to the same place to prepare for whether we could be research papers or an exam. I'm going to go ahead and click annotate, and you'll see we have an annotation card that appears within this annotation card, you can choose to type your text. And you have that functionality of bolding make it making it italicized, etc. But you can also pull in different links to other websites, other videos you can pull in as explanations to annotations. You can also pull in images and hypothesis can use it be used across all discipline areas at your institution. We support a latex language so you can actually annotate, whether it's calculus or formula math any of that that you want to do so we we see it used quite a bit in STEM courses and math courses as well.  So if students need more time, they have that ability to come back in, and then they can post that to the the course they're in. And once that annotation has been posted, then you can come in and you can actually thread that conversation. And this is where you're really interacting with fellow students with your faculty members. The replies have the same functionality as the original annotation card, and you can see some examples below where we've got an example here of the instructor asking what is the most authentic pizza commercial you can find. And we've got different videos here that will play right within that annotation. So you can see some examples of how how you can use creativity within that discussion you're having, you know, with your students. I am going to now turn it over to Diana to really talk about how she uses hypothesis. You've gotten a little overview of what it looks like, but now she's going to really dive in and how she uses it within her classes. Thanks so much, Sonia. So I teach at Mary Mount Manhattan College and I have been using hypothesis for several years now since the pandemic. And I found it to be really transformative to my teaching. So I wanted to talk a little bit about some of the ways that I use it. And to demonstrate some of the ways that I use it or to show you some of the student annotations. What's been transformational about it is a couple of things. It's a labor side. So before social annotation I was always having students annotate, but they were annotating of course by hand. And so I was using it as a touch point to see what they were saying about the text and to check in with students before the class would begin. So this is another form of checking in with students where I can reply directly to their annotations or I can pull their annotations into the class discussion right away. But it's easier for me to kind of scan before the class begins and to really have a sense of who I want to pull into the conversation. So it really has maximized student engagement in that way. I'm never going back. I keep saying this about hypothesis. I'm never going back to students using handwritten annotations, although they're of course welcome to use handwritten annotations as well. And they're also, of course, our purposes to private annotation, which Sonya showed you, you can kind of turn on and off, and you can kind of see what others are inputting and and or begin with your own thoughts. And that choice as well in hypothesis, if you don't want to socially annotate right away. One of the things I wanted to start with was a short video tutorial that I give to students on the very first day of classes, and I have a couple of these, I'm only going to play one it's about five minutes long. I'll show you a tutorial on how to annotate with hypothesis. And then I have a second one which draws them to the links that hypothesis provides for annotation support annotation help and good annotation. And the reason I think this is so important is because these are individualized videos that I'm doing for my own courses, where I'm referencing students who are in the course. I'm also showing them the kind of nitty gritty how to actually go about doing the annotation. It's really quite simple, but as with any new tech sometimes when students are new to it there's a sort of resistance. So you want to really make it as simple as possible for them. And so I'll just play this for you so you get a sense of how I talk to the students and what purposes I outlined for them in the annotation and then we'll get into some of the other uses. Good annotating with hypothesis which is. Can you hear that. No. Let me try that one more time. Oh, there we go. Okay. You did hear it. Okay, great. Another fantastic tool that I started using in my classes in the last couple of years. It's a social annotation tool. Anytime you see a little Lego like this next to the reading that means that it's in hypothesis. So anything that I post on bright space for you whether it's a link to a podcast, or a text itself. A physical copy of a book is going to have this little Lego next to it and is going to allow for social annotation so that you all can actually have a discussion. I'm going to show you another class from last semester. A couple of you maybe you might recognize this class. So let's look a little bit at what this might look like. So here's a reading. You're going to click open the tab and in the reading the text will pop up in this screen here. And then on the right, you'll see a stream of annotations. It's a stream just like you would see in social media.  And so I'll just start backwards for a moment. One of the great uses of this tool is to really be able to take a look at what everybody else has said and thought. And to kind of orient your understanding of the reading to everybody else's. If you're the first one, then you're the first one and then you come back and you might be replying to other people. But you can see here that there are methods for replying as well. So the way this works is quite simple. You are reading. You see something that is interesting to you. You highlight it and then you have two choices. If you highlight, that's something that only you will see. The class will not see that. If you highlight and then you click annotate. This little box right here will pop up and that will allow you to make a comment of any kind. And then you have the option to post it to the class or you have the option to post it only to you. You're always going to post it to the class unless there is something that you kind of want to remind yourself of or there's some specific reason that you want to post it only to yourself. But the idea here is that everybody is interacting in the text with the text right here. So I'm going to click post. It's going to pop up right here. If I want to edit my post, I can just do that.  There's a couple of other features here. You'll see this annotations here. You can shut off the annotations if you don't want to see the text highlighted. So in other words, if you want to approach the text with your own ideas first and then see what others have done with the text, you might shut off the highlights. Then there's something called page notes. Page notes are really for if there's something that you can't highlight like an image for example. To add a page note, you're just going to click this little button right here. This sketch is not true to life and I'm going to click post and now I have a page note right here and these page notes are really useful in particular when it comes to images. So for example, if I head into this text right here where we have an image you'll see actually that folks pretty much just highlighted and still did the annotations but what you could do is you could head into the page notes. Occasionally we will also use page notes to kind of come up with ideas together during class time so this might be a space for free writing as well.  If there's somebody in the class who you know just has amazing annotations and you want to look at their annotations, I'm going to pick Bella here because she's in this class as well and I'm going to search for her name and it will pull up all Bella's annotations. You can also search for particular keywords. You could search for your own annotations if they get kind of luminous in here. So again, this is a really great tool to use for all sorts of things and then we're going to talk about some of the bigger features of the tool in the next video. Okay, so I'll stop that there and just say that that's just something that they'll watch right at the very beginning and then of course there will be in the first few weeks lots of practice with the tools. So synchronous together classroom annotating of a text so that all the features and all the house are there. Something else that I think is really important to this is actually just introducing annotation and talking about why annotation is important and hypothesis does have some really great tools for that, but I'll just show you a couple of my own. I'm very big into metacognition. I always tell my students how and why they're learning something. So before we even get to annotating, we talk about why we annotate, right? What it means to be an active reader. I like to use the metaphor of scuba diving versus snorkeling or are you putting your toe in the water? Are you just under the surface of the water? Are you really getting into the depths of the text? And then just very basic things that I'm seeing a lot with first year students. And I'm sure you see with upper level students as well. And I do see with upper level students comprehension, not skipping key parts slowing down, right, providing food for writing, which is a really big one getting in the habit of thinking critically, which is something of course that AI can't do for us. And then thinking about the kinds of annotations you can do. So I do give students this page also, which I have them kind of keep out as they annotate. And I like to think of annotation in two categories. One is readerly or thinking about texts. And again, texts can mean anything. Text can be images, videos, audio, you know, all sorts of things are texts. So broadening the idea of text is also a really important thing to do. So readerly as responses, right, where students are responding with a question or comment or an inference. And then the deeper level or the harder level, which is the right early annotations or just thinking about what the text is doing craft wise, right, and thinking about rhetorically how is the text working. So this is something that I give them this is something they have on bright space and this is something that for the first few weeks as they're annotating and hypothesis they're keeping next to them and really making sure they're looking at a few different kinds of annotations. You'll always have students who have annotated in the past but always annotate the same way, or they always annotate with the same three or four things that they've been taught to annotate with, maybe just finding vocabulary, maybe just highlighting which often is not very helpful. So it's a really, really great skill building tool to have them practice all of these different things in social annotation and seeing students, their classmates doing the same. I want to show you these board notes which just came up this past Monday in my class and I know this is very, very messy here, but we were near the end of the lesson and I was trying to make space on the board but we were talking about what it felt like to annotate and hypothesis for the first time and this was a lab class. And the lab class is a team talk class so they have a main class and then I teach the lab which is more skills based it's a writing lab. And so for some of the things they said they said your classmates might catch something you don't catch. It feels like ideas kind of popping off like a popcorn like popcorn popping in the microwave. You might have joint commiseration like somebody might say in the text like hey, you know, I don't understand this or I'm confused and you feel better because you were also confused and you think everybody else understands what the text is saying. But it opens up doubts about your own thinking, which is so critical, right, or it's a confirmation of analysis or confirmation of your confusion offers new perspectives, allows you to take the class, your classmates inputs and synthesize them and potential themes. One student said it helps you find a counter argument so maybe there's somebody who finds that counter argument for you. So, so all of those are really fantastic. And then just this idea of taking the text and writing from it, which is such a crucial, crucial part of annotating and why we have our students annotate at very least in writing. It is so hard, often for students to start to get started. And this is one of the things that really just tremendously helps which is just choose an annotation to write from and pre write from that annotation right. It doesn't even matter if it's somebody else's annotation you can give credit to that person in a paper or in a project. But, but what is it changing about the way you're seeing the article or the way you're understanding and you can see that these students were responding to some of them were responding to images. Some of them were responding to just quotes, or other annotations that they had put in. And then, in my own comments to them, I'm pinpointing within their free rights, what could be useful for them to draw out into their papers or into their projects. Okay. I have some other ways that I use this tool that I'd love to share but Sonya I'm just going to pause here are there any questions at the moment or don't have any questions that I was going to run mind folks that if you have a question please put that in the Q&A. So that we can make sure we can answer those at the very end but I think we're okay for right now. Okay, awesome. All right, so here are some of the other ways that I just want to throw in there that I use this this tool and I'm happy to share these notes with folks. If they'd like them. So, the idea of the page notes discussion and the collaborative scholarship this was something that Sonya showed like this idea that you might ask a question right, potentially in page notes or it could be as part of the annotation and then have students for applying to it. So, I'll show you what this looks like. This is a chapter that I just had published this past year where I incorporated hypothesis. And you can see here on the lower left. In the page notes I asked students what's striking you about this image what are you seeing here how is transcultural encounter and embodied here. And then there were all of the sample replies that students brought in and it was fascinating. All the discussion that opened up from that one little discussion in the text in the archive of the text, which was very different than having it be in discussion board because it was right there, right with the image side by side so if the student is coming back and you know I remember that image I really want to write about it. And I, you know, I'm going to look at my syllabus I remember it's in week five, and they go in and they find all of their classmates, right little through rights about it. And this really just you can see that they're kind of doing this kind of work of collaborative scholarship they're making meaning right by reading rereading thinking building writing and testing ideas together, and you're seeing all the different ideas coming together in that way. So it's really a fantastic way to use that tool. Okay, so you know we did have one question. Sure. Can you assign grades for annotations. I personally don't. I don't think there's anything wrong with that I know that there is a feature where right that you can have it input directly into grade center. Is that right if the student completes the annotation. Yes, there is correct. I think it's great to provide a comment that goes specifically to the student in the grade book. Yes. Right. I don't I use it, mainly and I'll have it here I have it here as monitoring student thinking and comprehension. To me this is really a sort of self assessment. I'm really looking to see what students are getting out of the texts and so if course texts need to be revised or changed up or if I need to come back to particular texts because there was a lot of confusion so I'm monitoring right in that way I'm also monitoring for quantity and quality of annotations and there are some students who, you know, write the bare minimum and then there are students who are writing entire essays and the annotations. I know that some of our instructors in the writing program, for example, tell students, you must have five annotations and each annotation must be two sentences long or something like that. And that's perfectly fine. If you need to set those parameters. I'd like to keep it open so that students feel free to really just think with the text. And then if I see that a student really is not progressing in terms of being able to expand their ideas or write more than that might be a conversation I have with students individually. But I do know that there are students, there are professors who more data wise, right, monitor how much students are annotating and the quality of their annotations. So, in with that I would just kind of say here this idea of increasing participation which is another reason really a tool for the classroom. When we go into the text, I jump straight into the annotations and typically what I do is right before class begins I skim over the annotations. And just in my mind, I highlight. There used to be this little flag feature Sonya I know it wasn't for that purpose but I used to flag little annotations that I wanted to come back to that I felt were really interesting. So now I just jot them down either in my lesson plan or I remember them, but I will come in and I'll say, you know, Jesse, you had a really interesting annotation can you start us off can you just read what you wrote. So it's a really low stakes easy way to warm up for discussion. And to kind of offer this, you know, praise and validation to students for for thinking for thinking through the text. I kind of use this in a stealthy way to in the sense that if I have students who are quieter. What I'll typically do is I will call on those students first to read their comments and I do find with quieter students that when you get them started in the discussion earlier, they warm up. So it's sort of like training, like physical training or something they warm up a little bit and they're more likely then to participate or talk on their own later in the class they just need that little nods or that little bump. So I do find it's great in that way. Yeah, you've got a question on the Q&A that I think goes right along with this, what you're talking about. And the participant asked how often do students reply and converse with each other is, is there a set amount or is a lot.   I mean, I can show you a couple of these and what they look like. But I find that they do a lot more replying and talking to each other in the context of hypothesis than they do in any other kind of discussion board. And in general, discussion board is really not. I've not found any discussion board in any LMS to be effective for actually creating digital conversation. However, hypothesis is extremely, extremely good for that. And you can see here's a text that students really ran with 284 annotations in a class of maybe 12 students. You know, and you can really see like students just just pulling and pulling and pulling and, you know, sometimes they're replying directly, right, to a particular point that somebody is making. And you can see this is a pretty involved response. Sometimes they're just emphasizing sometimes they're just saying I agree this is similar to my thoughts so it's like kind of confirmation or affirmation, which is really powerful socially for students when they feel that, you know, somebody in their class was thinking the same thing as they were reading or is maybe agreeing with the thought that they've had. It's like an exclamation point right exactly exclamation point so it doesn't have to be something profound and I say that all the time or lol right. It doesn't have to be profound because the purpose of building this conversation or the way that this conversation is built is socially and learning is so social for them. I know they are holding frogs to preserve them from going extinct but how do these frogs that are removed from their ecosystem affect other organisms that they were in contact with another student. Oh, sorry the same student extends and says can trying to prevent a mass extinction create a new one for another organism. And then another student extends that thought right what are the repercussions of removing the current crucial species from their environment. I really see students conversing in the texts and and of course you can prompt that so here's another exercise that I just did the other day. Where is that one. No, maybe not. You can prompt that so you can have them so when I have them practice this at the very beginning what I ask is that they reply right to one person and first just replied by text. Then I have them reread the stream and say now reply with an image. Now reply with a video. Now reply with the link to an article you recently read or name a song that connects to what was said so the idea is to train your brain to think in all sorts of ways and to make connections across modes and texts and contexts. Okay. Let's see some of the other ways that I use this. Catch up is a big one. As we all know our students don't always read. They don't always look at the text before they come to class. And this is a really great way to involve and engage those students, even the ones who are under prepared or unprepared. Sometimes we don't want to do that because we feel like you should have done the reading, but it makes the class so much richer if you can pull everybody in and everybody can say something. And the student can then go back and read it on their own right. So for students who haven't read or who skimmed or read poorly, I'll always give a moment in general before we get into the text everybody just take a few moments and refresh your refresh your memory, go through the stream, read a few different comments, and then we're going to jump in. And that relates to the pause and think sometimes if nobody's talking in class will say okay, let's just stop for a minute. We're going to pull this quote or the scene, or I'm going to ask you a question and page notes, and we're going to generate some free writing, and now everybody has something to say. So that's another way that we can use it. This one I really like targeting annotations for specific skills and maybe this fits with the grading comment, you could potentially grade targeted annotations if you're testing certain skills or you're looking at certain skills. So for example, things like rhetorical analysis like how is a piece making an academic intervention, where's the source conversation, and you find the argument, or some sort of a response, right. So like, again, making those connections. So we once had an adjunct to suggest to this and I thought it was a great idea where a group can go into one text, and then hashtag a part that connects to another text. So like the tag parts that connect to different texts so that if they are doing some sort of a comparative analysis or synthesis or they're pulling multiple texts together they can actually look at how those texts are connecting and come back to those tags. And that connects to the hashtag for connections, or for other reasons. I actually just had a student come into my office right before this and she said that she got so into the text that she went back into it three times and annotated, and she started doing all the hashtags for herself so that she could see. So that she could see what was happening and what she wanted to return to in the text so this was the student, and there she had the most annotations of anyone. And so she had tagged for herself. They're in vocab that she wanted to return to claims that she could come back and see where that claim is and see if that's part of the claim. And this is really helpful for other students but of course she can also just do this as only me if she's prepping to write a paper and she's looking for where those claims might be or what she might be interested in doing in the text. But earlier on you mentioned something that you're training to think that hypothesis really helps train to think and kind of where they're not using AI. But I see it seems that a lot of these types of prompts and how you're using it in this way is also, you know, kind of, combating the AI, because you're you're really targeting, you know, some of the things that that really help them think. I mean, so, I'm not sure you do feel that way as well. Yeah, I do. And I think the more you keep it low stakes, which is sort of why I don't, you know, grade and I really kind of give them free reign over the annotations and unless I see that I want them to direct them in a particular way is because I want samples of their writing.  But I think the skills based part of it is also really important when they know how to do it. It really takes some of that stress of producing the kind of more formal assignments off so like this. You know, like actually doing that together with them training them when to annotate how often to annotate how to chunk readings for annotation. So when we're reading together I'm always queuing for them, right, we're going to stop every paragraph and annotate you might think you have nothing to say but you do have something to say. Right. And so that more the more they they practice that kind of thing the better they get at, at thinking, and that's really what prevents like you said plagiarism, or makes them feel like maybe they don't have to plagiarize. Yeah, so I think, I mean, I think I hit most of these I mean I do love, you know, the silent discussions which are just going into the text and we're all silently annotating this is something you could do in online courses it's, you could do it in person with everyone having a conversation and it pops out. And I love that, like, that you're actually having a conversation on the page. It's really interesting synthesizing they're pulling together other classmates thoughts, and then even collaborative feedback this is a really good use of to have them socially annotate or provide feedback on course documents like the syllabus or if you're creating an AI policy together, right have them provide feedback on it or generate it together, or generate a rubric and criteria. I would just say that it really to me it's an archive, it's a moment in time and what I love about it is being able to like look back and see what my students were thinking. At that point in the course, where their terminology or understanding of terminology has become clearer, and this is something I have them do go back and reflect on where their understanding has grown. In real time I'm able to assess how well the course is going and how well students are understanding. And I think I've spoken about all of these already, but I do really find that students become better at conversations they become better at collaborative thinking and discussion and discovery and that they learn how to have academic discussions in texts. And that's just not something that they typically do in discussion board or any of the other where you say like okay write a post and then reply to three other people because there's something very artificial about that. Right. Whereas this can happen both synchronously and asynchronously. And then I'll end this is I guess where I'll end since just to talk about any of the challenges and maybe so I can address some of these but I do find it to be a little cumbersome for peer review that's pretty hard to have students up, you know to have them upload drafts and figure out how to reply there so something like Google docs might still be more useful for that scans. I know that this this has over time gotten a lot easier in terms of OCR ring and making sure the texts are able to be read within hypothesis. There is a little bit of work that has to be done at the forefront and I personally like to just set it all up before the semester begins. But that it's not hard to set up a reading and hypothesis it's very easy so you can always do that on the go as well. Annotating model text is another great thing that you can do in there having a student model thrown in and annotating it together. So I think those are those are all of the uses that I thought of as I was preparing for this, but I'm happy to take questions or throw around some other thoughts. I don't have the group to just put any questions they have I just had a couple. I know you, you know you don't give grades for using hypothesis, but have you seen grades increase or engagement increase, you know what, what have you seen since you started to use hypothesis in regards to grades and and that that piece of your course. Well, I do think. Yes, because they're actually getting deeper into the text so what I'm finding is that especially final projects that are synthesis final projects or research papers or final kind of products that we're having them produce. They're building from all of that understanding and they have an archive of that understanding so it's in one class space it's not like in their notebook somewhere hard for them to find right. So I do find it's a lot. There is a really really big benefit and I find students pulling from those annotations a lot towards their final projects and making those final projects a lot deeper more interesting. Sometimes it isn't their own ideas that they're pulling from sometimes they're pulling from their classmates ideas, which is also great and fine, especially if they're expanding or extending or getting a nugget or seed of something from that conversation. Well, that's great. We, there's some folks on the webinar today that haven't used hypothesis before so do you have any advice for someone who, you know hasn't started using but would like to start using. I would just keep it simple and I would start using it. Just, you know, put in one reading through hypothesis and practice together in class just, you know, be honest with the students and say this is your first time using it to and then, you know, just take a very simple text take something that's one or two pages. You can read paragraph read aloud have different students read aloud paragraph by paragraph and annotate together and then do various little exercises with it so after you've annotated the whole text. Now go in read your classmates annotations and write a reply practice the reply feature. Now go in and reply with an image. Go in and reply to a specific quote. Now I'm going to write a question in page notes and you're all going to rewrite to that question. Now we're going to have a conversation about this text right refers to specific parts or specific annotations or sometimes I have everybody go around and just share an annotation and see if that sparks a conversation. So it really is a very easy tool to get going with and you don't have to use. I mean there aren't even complex features in it, but I know of a bright, but you don't have to get, you don't have to get crazy with it it's really a very, very simple tool that students pick up very, very quickly. And it's pretty intuitive. And I don't know, I just, I would just really, really recommend that everybody use it and that's sort of the pedestal that I've been on here at Marymount to. That's wonderful. Thank you so much. Well, let's see we might, I think we've got another. Oh, so we had one person asked also this tool can be used for group projects. Any thoughts. Yeah, yeah, you can use it for group projects absolutely. I mean, you can upload particular texts that the groups want to annotate together into there. I've had group work with particular texts where they begin from the annotations that they've already done. And they, you know, again, you can have very specific tasks like take an annotation from one of your group members and expand on it or all of you read aloud your annotations and then decide on one kind of key takeaway you want to share with the class or again, if there's some sort of a project that a group is building, they can be using that text as the basis of that project and those annotations as the basic basis of the project. They can also be annotating together. They can be reading and annotating together in small groups. If you're splitting up texts or if you're splitting up parts of the text if it's a very long piece for example. Great. One more here. Lisa says that she teaches the designs asynchronous classes. Do you have any ideas about using hypothesis in that setting? Yeah, I mean, I don't see why it couldn't be used asynchronously. I mean, essentially most of the texts that students are annotating in for my classes are over for homework. So they're not doing them in class. We do, we do do annotating in class and we do practice in class, but the majority of it is asynchronous. So they might be in the text at the same time as a classmate, in which case they can press that little refresh button, or they might be doing it on their own and that's where again you can kind of reflect on or have it and reflect on what did it feel like to see your classmates annotations or what did it feel like to be the first one in the text and then to come back to it. But yeah, I don't see any reason why you couldn't use it in asynchronous class and in fact, I could see it being a real boon to a class like that, especially for you since you don't know the students face to face. At the very least, because it's solo stakes, you're having samples of their writing, even if it's just a few sentences at a time, and you're able to put those up against more formal products that they're submitting to overt plagiarism. Yeah, I was going to share just working with as many institutions as we do that I the feedback I get from faculty that teach in those asynchronous classes is that it does allow for the students to even get to know each other a little bit, where they might not have that experience specifically even in just using a discussion board because that can be pretty static but when you're really having a conversation over what they're reading and they can dive deeper into that they, there's, there tends to be engagement with the content and with each other that you may not have that type of a community feel. So it looks like I think we don't have any more questions. I'm going to go back to the slides. If anyone has any questions please feel free to put those in but I'm going to just quickly touch on a couple other things before we wrap up today. Share by screen. I went right back here so I did want to talk about to in there are some folks here that are customers of ours and some that are not. So I wanted to talk about our partnership program. We have over 400 institutions that work with us. And when you become a partner with us, we offer pedagogical support. So we have trainings workshops and as Diana said hypothesis is really easy to use. There's not a lot of functionality, but it's more about how to use social annotations the types of pumps the questions. And that's really where we're in our workshops and during our trainings we spend a lot of time discussing those things. We've got liquid margins which is on our website that you can really go in and you can see how faculty are using hypothesis in different different discipline areas. It's a really great resource. We also have resources for social annotation we've got examples starter assignments. A lot of those tools that you can use to really get started with hypothesis.  Also within our partnership, we offer hypothesis Academy, and this is an asynchronous course where you all can come together and really dive in and start to build out, you know, your own content think about how to use hypothesis how to use collaborative annotation. Our success team manages the hypothesis Academy, and have experience and instructional design have used hypothesis in their own classes adjunct so it's a really great way to just dive in and get your hands really dirty, and really get a lot out of that that you can then translate into your own courses. We have a cohort that's starting next week. And then we also have social annotation in the age of AI so that really dives into not just the basics of hypothesis but how you can use certain prompts. Even as Diana talked about different ways that she uses hypothesis to really engage students where they're not really needing to think about using AI. We have partner workshops that anyone can join. Again, different ideas on how to use multimedia tags. One of our recommendations to get started with hypothesis if you're using at the beginning of the semester is annotating your syllabus very low stakes way to get visibility into what your students are excited about. We also using hypothesis in small classes, you know, giving feedback, you know, a lot of different topics and these are available for anyone to join. We have partner workshops throughout the semester. Next week, I wanted to highlight our liquid margins, which is going to features and AI in the future of learning. So a topic that I think everyone can really resonate with. And we're featuring faculty from SUNY New Pulse, the University of Oklahoma and Western Idaho, and that's going to be next Thursday, February 15 at 1pm. Please register. Even if you can't attend, we will then send you that recording. It will be live on our website later, but we can personally send that recording to you if you register and or attend as well. So, and then finally, for those that are not partners with us yet, we have a spring starter offer that provides discounted pricing. We obviously will offer then the faculty workshops and our implementation would be no cost. And you'd be able to jump into our hypothesis Academy. So if that's something you're interested in, you can put something in the Q and a right now, or you can go ahead and reach out to us at education at hypothesis to learn more. So we'd love to have you on that as well. And it looks like we don't have any other questions Diana. But I really wanted to thank you so much for joining me today and talking about how you use hypothesis and we were just so excited to learn about how you're using it and how your students are loving it. So thank you so much. Thank you so much. And we will also be sending this recording out to to everyone as well. So thank you.


Over the years, certain teams have developed tough guy reputations. Add to that, Liz, Steve, the newest bullies on the block, the oil. How's the pain, baby? Yeah, guys, girls, men. Who does these? Who has a man cut down? He's cut down! Cut down! If any of you are down on the sidelines, they won't catch him. If you were part of that team, you'd know why. If you weren't, you'd never understand.


Live from the Sands Convention Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, it's theCUBE at AWS ReInvent 2014. Brought to you by headline sponsors, Amazon and Trend Micro. Hey, welcome back, everyone. We're live here in Las Vegas. This is Amazon Web Services ReInvent conference. We're excited to be here second year in a row. This is theCUBE, our flagship program, where we go out to the district to see the noise. We're on the ground floor. We're getting all the action. I'm John Furrier, the founder of SiliconANG. I'm Joe Michael. I'm Stu Miniman. We're here getting all the action, all the topics. Terry Wise, director of partner ecosystems for Amazon Web Services. Welcome back. Thank you. Great to be here. I know you're super busy, so we'll just jump right into it. You're winning and Amazon's growing and it's a freight train, secretariat, thundering way, multiple boat lengths, whatever metaphor you want to use. With that, you're drawing an ecosystem. You saw it last year. You saw Marketplace. This is a utility model. Is the strategy changed at all? Is there any tweaks? What's the update of the ecosystem and what's current? The strategy hasn't changed. I think we've tweaked it a little bit. If I boil it down to two things, coming out of ReInvent, we want to make it easier for customers to use our services. If you look at everything we've launched with CodeDeploy and Lambda today and Aurora, it's all about ease of use. The second major theme, hopefully, everybody's picked on is ecosystem. We've had partners present. Godfrey from Splunk was on today. We had Docker in the keynote. This is really an ecosystem play. Frankly, our customers don't win unless the ecosystem wins, because that's where all the value at is. I've been really impressed with Trend Micro, for instance. We've been sponsoring the Cube here with you guys. We're really thankful for that sponsorship. But it's companies like that who actually have a lot to gain from that. I wrote a post this morning about channel services. Huge margin expansion for professional services. That's cool. I get that. That's evolving. You guys are enabling that. Let's talk about in the stack now. Where is the white spaces? Where is the action for your ecosystem? Informatica's now announcing pennies for the hour. It's insane how awesome this is getting. Outside of the channel, partner piece.  Who are you wanting to attract? Who are you growing? I think one of the greatest things about the cloud in general and specifically AWS is just the breadth that we provide the partners in the ecosystem. We're giving these partners the ability to easily sell to customers they haven't been able to engage with the fact that whether it's through marketplace or really offerings and whatnot. But the real white space ends up being in the value add on top of AWS. I'm not taking necessarily one layer but we're talking two or three layers up the stack. The application modernization. The application development. The vertical workflows. That's really where the white space is. And that's what customers really want to pay for. Stu, before I know Stu wants to jump in but I want to just get what your news that you announced. So what specifically did you guys announce this year that's new? Any new program expansions? Yeah, we've got a couple of things. We launched a whole bunch of things but I'll say three things quickly. First is we're planning the more than double on investment in the ecosystem with the real focus on go-to-market. So helping our partners build their business. Traditionally we've been more about around the technology enablement and platform enablement. Now we're really doubling down on the go-to-market with our partners. Two other major announcements is our managed services program. So this used to be a competency for us. We've turned it into a full-blown program where we're wrapping up our intellectual property that we've gathered over the last few years and we're enabling the ecosystem by providing those methodologies and tools and best practices into a full-blown program. I think the third case is very similar to the managed services program, our softwares of service program. We've enabled literally thousands of software companies to bring their products onto the platform in a SaaS model. We've packaged up all of that intellectual property around multi-tenancy and security and high availability and now we're distributing it back to the ecosystem to enable them to move faster. One more question I want to follow up on that, go-to-market. One of the things that we've seen in Silicon Valley is start-ups and certainly the venture capital is trying to figure out Amazon and what are the big bets but start-ups love Amazon and because you can get up and running fast but now the go-to-market becomes a critical piece of SaaS. Bland and expand is a proven business model for winning in the cloud. Look at all the winners there. Splunk, all the people that are doing anything with SaaS, it's a flat hockey stick so long blade and inflection point on growth. You guys are enabling that. What do you offer those companies for that growth and what would you say to them and why should they go to market with you guys? The biggest thing we're trying to do is bring down the barrier to adoption of their products on the platform and one great cloud just brings down the barrier to adoption in general but when you look at that cloud licensing model and starting to license by the hour it turns into a freemium type model. One of the things we're really investing in in our top SaaS partners is let's go out, let's really promote your product and make it super easy for customers to use and they'll adopt more and they'll pay for more once we expand actually the overall market you're going after so I think that's a big piece of this. The other piece is enabling our ecosystem to better align with our field organization which is substantially larger than it was last year so we're actually a lot of joint engagement and joint selling now with our partner ecosystem. So Terry, ecosystem's been a big word obviously it's in your title we've been talking about and there's a lot more focus this year on the enterprise. Last year really speaking the developers you've got both communities here can you talk to us a little bit about how your partners are helping move you into the enterprise further? Yeah what I will say is no question the fastest growing market segments of our business are the enterprise in the worldwide public sector which is an enterprise in and of itself and I will say the vast majority of our engagements with enterprises include one or more partners and we don't win in the enterprise if we're not in with partners. We only capture a small amount of the workloads we rely on the partners value add whether that software functionality, professional services, vertical expertise this is the things that we don't have and if we're going to help our enterprise customers maximize the value of the cloud we have to have partners with us. Alright so Terry what conversations are you having with your partners? I think back to when we first launched the CUBE you know VMworld 2010 VMworld said you know for every dollar we spend on VMworld 15 dollars go into the ecosystem and today the discussion is how much is VMworld eating their ecosystem so give us a little bit of the inside the kind of give and take and roadmap sharing that you guys are doing. Yeah I think it's been really fun over the last couple of days is yeah if you saw our partner summit on Tuesday one of the major themes was think big and go big so most of my discussions actually really all my discussions this week are how do we go really big we're out of the experimentation phase we're out of the investment phase it's now like how do we go all in. You've seen partners like Informatica and Splunk and Aquia this week announce that they're all in with us. Info did it earlier this year so it's much more about an all in strategy and yeah the second part of your question is what's the number? Absolutely No actually we came out publicly and really I'll give you the great consulting answer it depends but now we're finding that our systems integrator and consulting partners who provide a lot of value up the stack strategy security and what not oftentimes earning 10x plus revenue as a multiple of the AWS spent so if you're spending a dollar of AWS you're providing managed services application services security services strategy you can earn up to 10 so just do this question which is an awesome question you don't know because you guys have such a wide range of variability on what your dollar is right so but you're not greedy if you look at the numbers what you're busy saying is it's not it might even be if it's one to five for VMware you might be ten cents to their five so it depends right it could be 20 actually yeah you're absolutely right and it's really dependent upon the value that the partner is bringing to the customer if you're just going to provide managed services on top of the platform there's definitely value there but you know it's a bit of a commodity play if you're talking about vertical strategy and application development and bringing dev ops to the table and all the things you're hearing about that's when you get into these 10 12 13x multiples so based on your experience this is a good thread everyone's about what's in it for me like so people watching out there's like there's a lot of voodoo magic going on the cloud I know you guys Amazon are constantly doing new stuff so I'll bet on you guys I'll do the all in thing no problem but bottom line I need like a sense of the dollars I'll make I'm a channel partner for instance okay I've been doing you know some professional services getting squeezed on margins from the box guys and now I'm got in a cloud service is it like do I get is it all gross profit on my end or what's my margin going to look like can you give some kind of high level order of magnitude insight yeah so I mean there's a sea change going on in the channel I mean gone the days of making a lot of margin on reselling products only and having that be your your core source of income and revenue I mean those days are numbered I mean frankly there's not a lot of value there for the customer and the customers have gotten really intelligent over the last you know decade in terms of well the partner and the customer that's right that's right so the margin question comes into back to the value ad piece yeah I'm going to make more margin providing more value and really becoming a strategic partner to the customer not just somebody who's fulfilling a transaction on you know quarterly basis yeah that business will be around for a while because we've been built on it for a long time but yeah I tell the ecosystem every time you get from build up the stack build value and that's where the money is that's where the margin is yeah so Terry one of the biggest things over the last year was that that government move we interviewed Teresa yesterday can you talk about you know what should we expect to see from Amazon will we have other market places to go deeper into other verticals how do you expand beyond just the general marketplace in certain segments yeah you know it's it's fascinating I love the work we do with the federal government because in so many ways they're leading in cloud and you don't often hear that the federal government is leading in innovation so I think it's great it makes me happier to be a taxpayer not happy but happier and but no I think one of the big trends here is we launched yesterday our service delivery catalog yeah so we're hearing from customers that hey I want my own private marketplace I want a place where I can store and manage images and I want to be able to easily integrate public images from the marketplace the US federal government the intelligence community is leading the way I would expect to see that in other industries health care financial services life sciences yeah as you see this ecosystem coalesce around these opportunities and bring new offerings yeah I mean basically what you're creating is the enterprise app store this is where enterprise can now you become the new IT for them yeah it's when you when you open something up like the marketplace and you see what the ecosystem starts to do I mean you can try to guess what's going to happen but the innovation that's happening in the ecosystem and some of the partners that are moving really fast like Jasper soft and Riverbed I mean and then you know smaller partners that are really coming up it's super fun to watch alright so if you are to become the enterprise app store how do you partner and make sure the customers can use all their applications because even customers that are all in on Amazon they're probably using Microsoft 365 you might be using Google Docs you know how do you make sure that it's not just Amazon that you span the full solution it's a great question and we're living in a hybrid world a lot of people talk about on-prem and cloud but you just brought up a great point there's a lot of other hosted offerings out there some of which live on Amazon some that don't and we've got to make sure these things work really well together so it comes down to integration and that's another great opportunity for the ecosystem how do we integrate sales force with AWS with my on-prem and create this next generation of hybrid cloud and a huge huge opportunity so we can't not talk about the Patriots so we got to get the sports now I'm a Jets fan so this is going to be painful so awesome I love to see the Jets twist in the wind but that's me I mean he's due to get fired New York Post had a great headline two weeks ago he's got to go I mean they're going to run them out of town don't you think the Jets coach is doomed yeah it's it's it's classic Jets right you know you go put yourself out of the playoff really early in the season then you kind of start to turn it around so that you make sure you get a really marginal draft pick right now I'd like to see him lose lose out get a great draft pick but now Michael Bates going to turn it around with a few games we're going to be bent a little pack we're going to get some linemen who may or may not be there a year should be all throw away games at this point go for the seller get that draft pick rebuild get a quarterback that's it killer Chris at a stampers looking really really good that's the red shirt freshman should take over the Stanford program but that's a whole nother story Terry this is coming on really appreciate it you're super busy you're on leading leading the charge just put the final word in what's the bumper sticker for this show this year if you had to put it on the on the car what's the main thing I think there's two I said earlier it's ease of use and its ecosystem so we're launching all these new services to make it easier for customers to adopt mission critical enterprise applications and we're really focused on enabling the ecosystem to to play and what has become in a massive opportunity and we're just getting started what are you doing in the market you're doing anything like any programs you want to share with folks out there you're doing like events you're out in the field doing tours what's what are you doing to gin up the action I'd be remiss to say that I think the most exciting thing I've done this year is the global expansion I mean the innovation in the expansion we're seeing in India and Australia and Germany which we just launched two weeks ago and Brazil and Latin America and they are across the Middle East and Israel I mean this is really a good China too is a lot of innovation in China absolutely and I mean yeah that's really the this is really a massive global play and I think that the thing I love about what I've seen in the ecosystem is you get a small company that starts in Japan and all of a sudden they have a global business overnight well the germany is a nice feather in your cap for the company because Ireland just wasn't cutting it in the EU with the germany kind of having their own little little inside baseball there but it's a nice footprint now absolutely full data center there absolutely so you know for customers who had concerns around data localization and data privacy laws I mean that addresses that it also gives us a much more infrastructure and expanded footprint lower latency in continental Europe alright Terry wise here inside the cube always bringing the A game we're bringing the signal to you here live in Las Vegas for Amazon reinventing the cube I'm John Furrier with Stu Miniman we'll be right back after this short break thanks guys


Nobody has a better jab to me in boxing. I don't care who it is, you can say what you want to say. I agree with that, because it started from here. What? And you was bringing it from here, from down here. What? I mean, if you think about it, I just became undisputed off just a jab alone. I think you did a little bit more than just a jab. All I needed was a jab, though. All you needed was the jab. I mean, of course, I mixed it up, but all I really needed was a jab.


So you can see how the implant was shaped, okay this is a patient that came to me from another doctor that did a buttock implant. I just want you to see what can happen if the pocket is over dissected. Look at this side has the round side up, this side has the flat side up. So what can happen is the implant can actually rotate in there. Did you see that? So look, look I'm flipping the implant right there. You see that? So let's flip this one. It's going to be a little bit harder but let's see. See this one is hard to flip. If we do hard enough it should flip but you could see this, see this one flips easily in the pocket. Look at that. You have to have a perfect pocket so that the implant can't rotate and flip on itself. If not the implant is going to just rotate at different times. So it's a very, very important surgery that during surgery it's perfect. You don't want any bigger but over time it might get bigger by just gravity and stuff. There is a capsule in there. We're going to take out the capsule, take out the implants and then go from there. So stay tuned. Okay so whoever did this, I like the way they did it. They used two separate incisions. You could see they didn't go from the middle. I think this is a better way of doing it. It's a self, everyone, every doctor is different. It's self-preference. So there's the scar. We're going to use the same exact scar. So we did some lidocaine. You're asking why did I do lidocaine? Because it does help with local bleeding. You see there's no blood as we cut and it does help with the anesthesia because the patient doesn't feel anything down here. So here we are. We're going in and now we're going to transition to the bovi. So you can see he has scar tissue right here. The way I like to do this, I like to do it sandwich inside the muscle. Believe it or not, the gluteus maximus is thick enough where you could put it in between the muscle. We'll see how they've done it for this patient. Okay, here comes out the implant. It's not as sturdy as the implants we use. So you could see how the implant was shaped. This is what was happening with it. It was rotating. It's a textured implant. It's a very hard silicone. You could see with the silicone, you see how it doesn't leak or anything. It's way different than the breast implants because remember you're sitting on this. You're jumping on this. You're falling down on this. So it's a different kind of implant. I think it had too much projection. I think I'd like something a little bit smoother. This is a little bit too high projection. So just like a breast implant forms a capsule, you could see this is the muscle. They did put it under the muscle and you see I'm taking off the capsule so it'll heal. This is the capsule. You could see any time, any place of the body you place a foreign object in, it's going to form a capsule. Now it's whether the capsule forms a calcium and becomes hard or it stays soft. But there is the capsule and we're removing the capsule. So here we are. We have almost the whole capsule out. You could see the red is the gluteus maximus muscle. Now this is the famous one. Everyone on Instagram tries to work out to get a buttock. But there's no way you could get this muscle as thick as that implant. There's no way. I mean it's like to get that kind of hypertrophy. It's just like impossible. That's why people do implants. That's why I'm a little skeptic about people that say all they've done is buttock exercises to get their buttocks.  That's just my perspective on things. So just like a breast implant there's a shiny side that faces the implant and the other side which ingrows into the tissue. So we could see we left the muscle. You could see I tried to take it as sheer as possible and we took the whole capsule out. Okay so this redness you see here that's the gluteus maximus. They split it open. If it's like this they went right in between it, opened it, put in the implant. You have the gluteus maximus minimus. Whenever there's a maximus there must be a minimus. So that's the gluteus maximus. We opened it up, we cleaned it out. You could see it's nice and beefy red. No capsule all taken out. Very nice and clean back to its original state. And just before I take this out I just want you to show that this is too big of a pocket. The implant shouldn't be able to move all the way up here and then all the way down here. The pocket should be like this. It should be fixed pocket. This is too wide of a pocket. They went up too high and down too low. So the pocket should be more fixed stated and perfectly done to fit just the implant. Too big of a pocket that's why it's flipping. And push push push push push with my assistant and here comes the other implant. Boom. There it is.