Hey guys, it's Brandon, creator of Happily Dressed, a fashion blog dedicated to self-acceptance and self-confidence and self-sufficiency and welcome back to my channel. So I've been wanting to do a thrift haul video for you guys for a while now, but I also want to go to the thrift store because recently I haven't been thrifting a lot of clothes, it's been more materials, fabrics, or shoes, just things that hop out to me. But today's video is going to be a trip to the thrift and thrift haul video all wrapped into one because I went to the thrift store with my friend Kai today. I found a lot of cool things, mostly material, but also some cool shoes, and I went thrifting yesterday and last week and picked up a few pieces. So I'm going to go ahead and throw it over to vlog Brandon and he'll take over from there. Hello peeps, I am in one of my favorite thrift stores on this side of town and that is Myrna Thrift, trying to see what I want to get. My friend Kai's here, you can't see him but he's all the way down there doing his thing, but I'm just trying to see if I can find some fabrics or any clothing that speaks out to me. It's very rare that I find clothing nowadays that speak out to me because I just want to make it all. But this sweater I actually found yesterday and will be a part of the little haul at the end, but I'm just going to keep looking and see what I find. It's a kind of nice cut, right? It looks good, yeah. It's got a nice fit to it. Say hi to the fans. Hi fans. You can see yourself if you want to say, hey, hello, this is Kai, but that looks really good. Yeah? Yeah, I found this material guys. I'm going to make some pants out of it hopefully.  We're just both handsome and black. Look at that. So, so sweet. So guys, unfortunately Kai's blazer doesn't have a tag and they will not sell it to him without a tag. They will not. It's a genuine US Army coat. When are you ever going to find that? I know, I'm sorry. They'll never find it again. I mean, we can tell them to retag and they can get it tomorrow. The quality was unmatched. Unmatched? Okay, the comfort was unmatched. The fitting of it. Unmatched. He'll find it again. I won't. Show them that cute-ass green. Let's get into this basic tea. Yeah. That little Henley. You know what? The little Henley. That's what it is. That's what it's called. Oh yeah? Yeah, that'll look good. I just love, what do you call it? Thermal? Yeah, thermals. Waffle net. Love these, these detailing on the buttons. There you go. Okay. Love this little collar. Is that it? Yeah. You can't really see that. What you have is this. Straight up. I might go to Park Avenue Thrift without this guy because he has something else to do. I'm glad I look down. My cuff is coming up. That looks good. I'll show them the hoodie I found or the sweatshirt. The fans just want to know. They just want to know. They just want to know what I found for you. You know, it's my Enneagram 4 type personality. That's all recognized, Brandon. I got to be an individual. I've always been a fan of navy. This is like a lighter navy too. I feel like it kind of works. All right. Yeah, that looks good. Come on, sportswear. Turn it back. Let's see that low sponsorship. All right. You're moving too much. You're moving too much. You're moving too much too. Yes, I want to see it. Actually, I noticed there's something for me to get some new glasses because I really can't see even though I wear glasses. So, Kai and I definitely just walked into a restaurant. I was feeling, oh, my hand. Oh. The ash. We walked into a whole restaurant. Also, my skin looks so good. Okay. Can we get into the light? Can we get into the light? Oh, sorry. The light's not even on you. You can see a whole behind restaurant only to leave and come to if you know me. You know exactly where I'm already am. Zach's piece. So, I just got to my second thrifting location, Park Avenue Thrift. I feel like every time I type in Park Avenue, I go to a different one every single time. They're like plenty in Marietta. But I can never go to the same one. This was not the one I was expecting to be at. But hopefully I find some really cool stuff we'll have to see. There wasn't much in there. And I couldn't vlog because they were playing the radio very loud. And you know, I can't have any copyrighted music on here. But I got some boots that I actually really like and would think will be really cool. I can show you guys when I get home. I might try to go to one more or I might just go home if it's not close. Because this wasn't the one I was thinking of. I think the one I am thinking of is close to around here. So, we shall see. So, I just realized that I thought I was going to the wrong place because I didn't put it in the right name. I wasn't trying to go to Park Avenue Thrift. I was supposed to go to America's Thrift. And that's why I was so confused. I was like, I keep putting the same thing and it keeps taking me to two different places. But that's because I'm trying to go here. But they close at 7 and it's like 6.20 so I need to hurry up. This place is so cool. They have like 99 cent t-shirt packs. We can get all these t-shirts for just a dollar. I literally just thrifted these exact same boots from the other store. They're like brown. You can't really tell. They're like a brown boot. I live a good heel. But they're a little different. The other boots that I thrifted. I have like a skinnier this part and I have like a chunky one. So I might get these. This place is pretty huge while I found all these boots. So obviously I'm not looking hard enough. I found the fabric section. But look, I got this like obviously faux leather. There we go. This is like navy faux leather that I can make a bag out of. Literally $2. You guys, I just cleaned house. I saw so many cool fabrics and actually I switched those boots out at the very last minute. For some boots that had a more interesting texture. I'm going to get my behind home now because it's late. So now I am back home from, I guess I went to Smyrna Thrift, Park Avenue Thrift and America's Thrift today. And it was a little overwhelming because whenever I go thrifting now I don't really think about clothing. I'm always going for material. But when stores are so big you can't help but just look around. I have a few spots that I always gravitate to. I always go to pants. I always look at shoes. And then I go straight to like the drapery slash fabric materials aisles. So all in all today I ended up leaving pretty light at all places. But that's a good thing for me because I don't need any more clothes. I have so many. And any clothing items that I don't have I can just make for myself. So I feel like thrifting is definitely different for me. But we're just going to jump right into it. So starting off with clothing. The first thing that I thought that was this guy. I'm kind of in love with this sweater. It is super oversized. It reminds me of my New York pullover. But it's huge. I love the colors of it and kind of reminds me of my childhood. I think it's super cool. I love the light blue and navy blue contrast. I love the graphic. All in all you guys know I'm big on silhouette. And this definitely does that for me. Maybe when I'm sitting down it makes me look a little big. But that's okay. Just standing up I think it's cool. Oversized and definitely in fashion. So the next thing I thrifted clothing wise was this amazing purple blazer pantset. I got it from Smyrna Thrift actually about two weeks ago now. But it hasn't had its time to shine. I love this two piece. I'm really big on blazers in general. The way this one fit. The pants are about a half an inch too big. But all I have to do is take them in. Literally a half an inch and it won't be that bad. But I love the color. Definitely feels like a power suit and I cannot wait to wear this out in the streets. The next thing I found actually on that same trip was this leather Harley Davidson vest. You guys know I love Harley Davidson. I have my Harley Davidson boots that I wear almost every day. When I saw this I thought it was just a leather vest at first. I was like oh this is pretty cool. But then I flipped it to the back and saw that amazing graphic and I had to have it. It definitely cost me I think $18. Which is a price I would not normally pay at a thrift store for any item. Because 18 just seems outrageous to me. But now we're going to move on to shoes. One thing about me is that I love boots. I love heeled boots. Anything that gives me a little bit more height because I am only 5'9". Actually I might be 5'8". And I say I'm 5'9". But I really want to be 5'10". I haven't gone to the doctor. Recently so I really don't know my height. But I think truly I'm like 5'8". Maybe even 5'8.5". But I say 5'9". But my dream height has always been 5'10". So whenever I'm looking for shoes I always look for boots with a little bit of a heel in the back. Like my Harley Davidson's that I have on right now. They have a little heel to them. About an inch. An inch and a half. Which I'm always fine to rock. Today at Park Avenue thrift I actually found these boots. I don't own a pair of dark brown boots so I thrifted these bad boys. I love the point and the square toe and the front. I even love how skinny the heel seems. I think these give a good silhouette with crop trousers, distressed jeans. This has a really good effect. They look great. I tried them on. So it'll be a cool challenge to incorporate them into my wardrobe. So as you guys saw while I was at America's thrift I found a pair of brown heels very similar to those. And I just cannot get myself to buy them because they were too similar. Even though I loved how chunky the heel was compared to these. But anyway, I found these boots that are also a dark brown. They have kind of a chunkier heel and have a really cool texture to them. But they have this really cool like, oh it's actually the seams. Like where they stitched it together. They have this really cool stitching which I thought was super neat. Very interesting. Would definitely compliment any pair of jeans that I own or trousers that I make.  I'm always in the women's shoe section. Because I think that any apparel, items of clothes, shoes, accessories, etc. Do not have a gender. So wear what you want to wear. But I saw these and immediately thought that was super interesting. Tried them on. They look great. So I snagged them up. And they were only $5 which is really cool. So next we're going to move on to material. As you guys saw I found so much material at America's thrift. And then yesterday I also went to Lash Chance. I found a lot of really cool fabrics. So I'm going to show them all to you. I'm going to be really quick because fabrics really don't seem like anything until you make something out of them. So I'd love to just make videos of me making things out of these said fabrics. So I'm going to try to just speed through these. So starting off with the fabric that I found at Lash Chance. I found this really cool like lime green, heavier like heavyweight linen almost green fabric that I really want to make a cropped chore jacket out of. I've always just wanted to make a jacket because my friend Taylor has made one. Actually she's made two now I think if not three. And she's so amazing at it. And I'm just very intimidated by jackets. So I thought that I'd give it a try with this fabric. It's super bright. I know this is not everyone's cup of tea but I think it'd be a really cool jacket. Next I found this like sky blue waffle knit, thermal knit material that I thought was really cool. Did I take the price tag off already? Yeah. It was probably like $3.99. I want to make some kind of top with this. I don't know yet. Maybe it'll be a Henley. Maybe it'll be a t-shirt. But I just thought it was a cool fabric to have. When fabric is really cheap, I cannot help but just buy it because I'll never know what I want to make, when I want to make it. So if I like it, if I did the slightest bit interesting, I'll just go ahead and buy it. Next for $4. I found this like it's definitely a tablecloth but I thought they'd make really cool like flared pants like 70s almost. But like they'd be kind of like slimming the thigh and then go out just a little bit right under the knee. I thought that'd be really cool. New material also thrips just for shoots. Like that pant for me seems very editorial and I'd love to shoot that. Whether it's practical out and every day, that is definitely a different question. But I just thought that'd be super cool to make and the material feels so good even though it's a tablecloth. So I think they'd make great pants. Next for $3. I found this like quilted black material that almost reminds me of like a quilted pillow case. I'm always looking for new materials to play around with like editorial looks with. And I thought this would be such a cool like puffy sleeve or cap sleeve or just something super cool that I know I'll make in the future hopefully for some kind of shoot. And lastly the most expensive of them all from Last Chance for $9 was this big roll of white. I don't even know how to describe it. It's super stretchy which is cool but it has kind of a shimmer to it which I thought was really neat. I don't know what I'm going to make with it yet but the texture was so interesting. I can make something super amazing with this. Maybe a jumpsuit that's kind of more like form fitting. So we just have one more round of materials to go through and then we'll be done. So this is the material that I got from America's Thrift. I found this like dark navy. Obviously probably faux leather, pleather, real leather. Who knows honestly. But it was only $2 this deep navy. It doesn't seem like much is there but I can definitely make some kind of cool tote, cross body bag, something cool with this. I'm really excited to do something with it. Oh, my sister's home. Pick a brew. Say hello. That was cool. So I picked it up. I like the silhouette. So the next fabric I found was this really fun like textured yellow with like green stripes. I don't know what I'd make with it. Probably something editorial that I wanted to shoot and maybe not wear out all the time but I just thought it was super neat. And you guys saw me get this like zebra material from Smyrna. Originally I thought pants. I'm always thinking pants. This is crazy. I just love a good pattern. I love things that kind of just jump out at you. Also from America's Fifth I got this really cool like gray sweater material which I thought was neat. But yeah, I think this would be some kind of really cool top that I'm excited to make in the future. Lastly is this really weird like rainbow material. Almost looks like watercolor. It's a really weird print for me. This isn't exactly my cup of tea but there was so much there that I thought it'd be really cool to try to make a pant and jacket combo just because I've never made a jacket before. This would photograph really well too. So that's why I got this. A lot of times too when I see fabrics that have a lot because that was a lot for just, this was four dollars and this is honestly so much. So whenever I see deals like that in a fabric that's not horrible, I get it anyway just to practice my skills just to see what I can do. But that is it for this thrift haul video. I hope you guys enjoyed. If you did, you can give it a thumbs up. I know everyone says that and like you don't have to but it means a lot if you did. If you want to see more videos like this, you can hit that subscribe button right down below. I think that it's going to be another vlog type video soon. I still want to make that cropped puffer jacket from that Burberry Print sleeping bag that I found. But I will happily see you guys in my next video. See you guys later.


You had the best offense in the game, but the worst defense in the game. Let's find out take a look at our team We have a 92 overall offense a 68 overall defense and a 79 overall If this team had a real-life NFL comparison, what would it be?  I recently did a video where I built a whole God squad and I could score at will and I could defend that will my Strategy for this video since I'll be able to score. There should be no issue there But we'll be able to stop them from scoring on me I think I just need to go for two every single time and I have to always get it Although I guess if he goes for two every time I'd have to get a lucky stop here there It ain't gonna be easy, but we can make it work. So offensively, we've got the most expensive wide receiver in the game That's 94 overall Jalen waddle with 94 speed fastest card in the game. He's a beast We got 94 overall Travis Kelsey. We got 92 overall George Kittle at backup yet 94 overall Megatron He's as fast as Jalen waddle. He's six inches taller. He's 60 pounds heavier I gave him deep out elite just to make it extra unfair. I got Saquon in the backfield Christian Akoye I went with Jimmy G. I just felt like rocking Jimmy G. I feel bad to get injured My old line is stacked too with Ogden, Ed Buddy, Jeff Saturday, Zach Martin and Trent Williams as for abilities We got freight train and tank on Saquon Travis Kelsey has double me tight and apprentice Megatron has deep out elite Jimmy G has gambit protected and fearless Hester's got return man, which is totally free for zero AP Jonathan Ogden is identifier edge protector Trent Williams has edge protector and Akoye has Vanguard now I do also have a really good special team. So I didn't skimp myself there We've got the best ponder in the game at the best kicker in the game the best return man in the game Kind of gonna need all the help I'm getting also This is probably the stupidest video for me to do this So I would say this you're guaranteed to have a high-scoring Super Bowl I don't think this is a smart idea in fact.  Oh, yeah, I gotta show you defense, huh? So defense we got Rodney Thomas Devin Harper Chance Campbell bail inspector Cameron good to wreak carpenter to wreak All the best guys in the league really I mean, how could you not know about a Tito Agbania I wasn't exaggerating when I said the worst defense in the league that is quite literally the worst defense you can make But you didn't have to say it I'm winning a super role of this team. I'm dude. Why did I grind all the way to Super Bowl to play for this video? I don't know. I don't know it was going through my head when I did that, but whatever Also a huge thank you to SeatGeek for sponsoring today's video SeatGeek sells tickets for everything If it takes a ticket to get in it's probably on SeatGeek That includes all your favorite sports teams your favorite artists your favorite festivals and to make things simple SeatGeek is gonna take tickets from all around the web and put them in one simple location the SeatGeek app That way you know you're getting the best deal So if you plan to go to anything that takes a ticket you should have the SeatGeek app on your phone And of course I can get you a discount you can use code MMG for $20 off your first order again That's $20 off your first order at SeatGeek. Just click the link in the top of the description and enjoy the rest of the video Sensei Smokey look at our top three. What do you got sensei? Oh my god. This might actually be doable He's still gonna score me every time, but that is not a god squad. He's viking says LSU. Is this like an LSU theme team? Who's all LSU Jarvis Landry Odell? No Plexigal Burris. Plexigal Burris is Michigan State Starting out our defense. I guess it doesn't really matter. All right chance gamble. What do you made up, buddy? Dude, I didn't guess pass. We're just this slow What did I expect I guess Shit Well, he's doing a PAT which is good because if he does PAT's and I get my two points That's how we win the game. All right. Well, that started out just about exactly as we expected it All right, Hester return man like down the middle a Coyee out in front.  I almost did that out to the 40 Defensively, he's got a good defense, but it's not crazy Bates too tall at water Reggie. What yeah, okay Oh Yeah, press cover Jalen waddle press cover Jalen waddle so I can get a touchdown right now What Jimmy honestly I should be running the ball, but now that it's third and ten I've kind of dug myself in a hole So let's pass out of this and then let's start running the ball fucking. I'm running inside zone right now That's just too open man. You see that you gotta take it. All right. I guess nobody wanted to block the de-tackle I guess take one's gonna get a first down on that poverty-ass play Did you watch both of my guys just ignore the de-tackle Kelsey? Get up good move Dude, what is going on? What is going on in this game right now? Let's add Kelsey in the middle It's just high ball it to him high ball a get up Nice defense Jesse Bates rocked him simple equation. We score. We win the game go kiddle go kiddle All right or or just don't jump for it and they'll catch it and and now it's gonna be really hard to win this game Either works honestly, I'm impartial first and ten.   You just got bottled.  I just got flattened Get him. Yes 30 inches wait just a minute.   It should be so sick dude stop running the ball This guy knows the meta right now Clock on purpose or is that just like kind of happening? Yes, 30 inches deja vu man. I got to get down there with Tyson Anderson. Come on. Come on Come on come on. We can do this. We can do this come on Thomas come on Thomas the train Don't pass the ball.   We're scoring every time we do every time we touch the ball we're scoring That is not gonna happen again. This is fine. I'll take my sack. There's no good throw open It's not gonna be close say Quan for the easiest 13 ever and I'm gonna do it again He better get on a linebacker, bro. He's on Ed too tall I just don't want to get absolutely whacked by that at water So whatever I can do to stay away from at water letting me up. Let's stay there I just don't think it'll matter look at that look at that three inside zones Can't throw an interception if you just run inside zone This is really crucial actually this two point is huge. Maybe I shouldn't go Wildcat.  Okay, Edge. Oh great box. Great box. Let's go Wildcat, let's get it. I thought this was gonna be all about me like scoring every time But we actually got a stop. Oh, no stretch stretch stretch stretch right side or left side Right up the middle. No, no take the best angle you've ever taken. Fuck. Oh my god We're literally junior high school peewee football players, bro I'm not even a lot of you though clock management wise that might have been the best thing that could have happened because I get ball I have right so I need to score right before half with no time left Oh, wait a minute. Wait a minute.  He's gonna pass.  All right first and ten Let's throw some lasers Barclay good start nice broken tackle Actually, do I want to score super fast or do I want to clock cheese him here? I don't know Jimmy Hemi G wanna rush seven yards to go PA crossers and I'm gonna send Kelsey on a corner route This is weird. Yeah, what a soft zone. That is so weird when he's running Oh We're officially at the point where I needed to clock and score right before half to win this game So here's what we do. We're gonna run this to say one.  You ready? Oh, yes He just played deep to please Shit. Oh that had so much promise. She's got clogged. I should have cut that back play action. Oh wait I'm three for eight, bro. I'm throwing trash He's not but that might be a trash ball. Can we tackle him? We could sort of tackle him. Damn wait. I like that Shit, I don't like that. I thought I liked it My only hope is to score within these 22 seconds, dude I'm playing really poorly on offense. Wait a minute though. Wait a minute. Wait a minute Hester okay, okay, I see you. All right. There's Kelsey. That's a beauty five seconds a lot of yards right there Do you think Megatron can just take them? We need you Megatron Megatron! Is he there? Is he there? Is he there? I got to get this too. I got to get this right here.  There's a huge play. I'm looking for Kelsey or Waddle. Waddle. Got him. Let's go! Let's go! All right. All right. All right. All right. All right. I get ball at half So I score again at two point again. I'm up by two.  It's not my offense carrying me My defense is actually coming up when they're needed now. Okay now first half was rocky second half If we actually play perfect we can win the game this this stretch is gonna give him a lot of trouble I think a coyee.  I'm just gonna take that. Oh, is that a first Waddle? That's a first nice job. I sort of have Megatron when he does that, but it's just not it's not clean We'll take the five to say go. I got to play perfect can't do anything sketchy here I don't think it really matters how fast I score. It is gonna come down to a final possession though Waddle.  Wow, he had heat on him, too I think his two tall Jones was coming around that edge on me. Yup. He was his users in my face That's why you run fearless. I don't make that throw without fearless.  Is he there? Shit I had the left side. I missed it. He's running cover three every time. I got to throw underneath I got to throw the drags. There's Kelsey easy yards not enough yards, but easy yards same thing Kelsey right in the middle very unlikely. He's oh, he just switched. All right. We're running quick base Barkley Doesn't have enough down line and for it. Oh good block dude. Add buddy almost missed that block. I mm. I had the corner out, too Oh, let's go. We're playing smart. We're playing steady. I'll run this ball. Go ahead. Go add nice block. Let's go Take one's lit up freight train is on and activated. It's Kelsey or Waddle here laser I'm going from one. I'm taking the P. A. T. Here's why down by a point when he scores He's gonna go for two. I actually think I could stop him when he goes for two last time He barely got it and I was just I was like a foot out of position when he scores here Which undoubtedly he's gonna score here. We just stop his two point try then all I gotta do a score touchdown and I win I'm gonna pinch. Please don't run stretch Good defense nice defense that could have been a lot worse go chance. Oh, I met the blocker though I got Zandy Horvath out of there right up the middle We met him trying to think if this is good or bad I mean, do I try and score with no time left again? Do I score really quick then let him score really quick and then pure the clock? Oh, this is exactly what I was talking about. This is exactly what I was talking about Does he run the ball? Does he pitch it? Is this a single back doose close pitch hat back zone weak What is this? I don't think he runs it. I'm on it. I'm on it How's it?   I just lost freight train. Okay.  Oh now we can run now We can run. I got out of bounds there. So no clock chewage, but easy run Someone just missed their downfield block. You got to get that linebacker.   Just barely open. Do I go out of bounds?  That was nasty That was nasty from garoppolo.  I there's got to be less than 10 when I get in there He's there. Oh my god. I really just sold it right there.  I just ran commit and brought the whole team down Fitz magic three for three in a touchdown not bad sake one 14 for 321 not bad either I can't be mad about that. So what should I have thrown here? Kelsey's not open. Oh, look at 23 Could I have hit that? I here's what I needed to do. I needed to throw waddle sooner I gotta throw waddle right now. I throw waddle right now. He doesn't get that int I took way too long.   Just let him take it All right, boys. I love you. Thanks for watching as always and I'll see you in the next one. Peace


So I think it was back in August when Beth approached Ray and I about coming to the library tonight and doing this event. And we were both very excited about it and the program was going to be very different because Ray was going to be here with us. But as many of you know, after a long life Ray died on December 23rd. But he and I had been talking about this program probably starting November 17th because November 16th was the last night that he did a night life at the academy. And the way that Ray and I worked was he always wanted to have an event planned that he was thinking about. So I had to be careful not to tell him a date too early because then he would lose sleep at night because he'd be planning the table and where he would put things and writing the cards and everything. So I waited until November 17th after we finished the November 16th thing and told him about January 31st that this was the date.  So those are here because I was told to make sure I brought them here. So it's probably not the way he would have set up the skulls. They probably would have been in a different order but I did the best that I can and it's all Ray's labels for all the skulls. So I first met Ray in 2002 when I became a curatorial assistant at the California Academy of Sciences and my first day of work was packing skulls in his house for the skulls exhibit which I did not know was going to be part of my job. So here we're here tonight mostly to see the film and the film is now here at the library. So people can borrow the life with skulls. Beth Cataldo will talk to us later but you can now borrow it from the library. So that was the impetus of this whole event was that the library now has the the movie here but here's a picture of Ray that Beth took in his museum. So Ray became a field associate with the California Academy of Sciences in 1953 and remains so I think his last field collection was in 2013. He collected more than 6,000 skulls probably close to 7,000 6100 of them have catalog numbers. He collected all of those under the Cal Academy permits but really Ray was an extraordinary volunteer. He covered the area from Anya Nuevo to Bodega Bay. He would get phone calls at his house. Everybody knew his phone number. All the beach watch people probably had it memorized some of you probably still do and all the lifeguards knew his number too. So we didn't have a hotline at the time Ray's phone was the hotline and he would go out to any dead marine mammal that he got reports of. Now he had started this in 1953. The Marine Mammal Protection Act came into effect in the 1970s and the Marine Mammal Stranding Network was formed as well. So as permitting became part of the procedure Ray was collecting under all Cal Academy permits. So not only did he go out to the beaches and collect skulls and data the really important part was the data where the animal was when it was there how big it was if it was a male or female but he also prepared all the skulls at his house so or some of them in the lab at the academy. I often tell tours when we go to our stinky lab in the museum the old lab used to be up on top of the roof and Ray would come over after school and clean skulls and work. These are some of the pictures of him when he was teaching and we'd get calls from downstairs the main exhibit floor because he'd be dumping these stinky buckets and the air intake valve for the entire museum was right outside the door and they'd say Ray Ray stop what you're doing we're having a wedding down here or something. So he would spend many many late nights cleaning skulls either at his house or in the museum laboratory. I'm going to show you a few of his favorites so this was a Baird's Beaked Whale we only have three or four of them in the collection this was the third one that we collected and Ray basically single-handedly removed the skull from that animal on ocean beach and then you can see in the picture a year later when it was cleaned after being buried he was always showing it off whenever he came into the museum collection. This sperm whale was the first whale that I ever worked on with Ray and was one of his last big whale adventures it was a difficult place to get to so he only went to it once but it had 400 pounds of net in its stomach and if you go to the Marine Mammal Center they have a sculpture made from that net so that was a that was a very exciting one and he worked very hard along with Kerry Sorenson another volunteer to take all the teeth out of that animal for the museum. This was the last whale I think Phalyne's favorite picture this is a pelvic bone of a whale which Ray always said was the hardest bone to find in a whale's body but is actually the easiest bone to collect because when you're working on a large whale it's the smallest thing and the easiest thing to get off of the beach so we actually have the pelvic bone of this blue whale from Bean Hollow the one he's holding in his hand all dirty and messy from just coming out of the whale it's here in the front and it's next to a humpback whale pelvic bone so since Ray taught me how to find pelvic bones we collect pelvic bones from every whale that we work on these days so Ray loved doing events he would have loved to have been here tonight he would love the question and answer section he would have loved answering all your questions as you look at the skulls he particularly liked the Halloween event supernatural he often would have four tables set up and tons of kids and and parents all would come to that event and he always insisted on wearing this eland mask which freaked me out but he all the kids loved it for some reason but but he would also do every other month we would do a nightlife event together members nights special events for openings of exhibits and things but Ray's real accomplishment was the skulls exhibit and he single-handedly curated the first skulls exhibit in 2003 earlier today I found a big piece of paper where he had drawn out every single case and what he wanted in each case it was amazing and that was when I first started I didn't understand the breadth of this exhibit but he wrote every label and decided every specimen and there were over 1800 specimens in that exhibit it was redone in 2014 he helped with it but by then we had a different exhibits team and they did all the designing this is the sea lion wall from the original and the current one is now up in the museum he also loved to give tours which Jacob is continuing that tradition he would give tours of the museum whenever he could whenever people asked or when people wanted to do interviews and then the the museum was always available to researchers so the reason he collected all these skulls was for scientific research for the research collection so sometimes researchers came to the academy collection and then went over to his house to see the rest of the specimens and now that he is no longer with us his collection will move to the academy and will be there so although tours won't be available at the house anymore they will the specimens will be at the collection so they'll join over 32 000 specimens that are in the mammal collection that will be available to researchers from around the world and there will be over 6500 marine mammals one of the largest marine mammal collections in the world and because of Ray's collection we have the largest collection of california sea lions of any museum anywhere in the world there are the sea lions we also have the largest southern sea otter collection and the largest guadalupe fur seal collection mostly because of the work that Ray did so you can continue to visit the sea lion wall which hangs above the project lab at the museum that will be there indefinitely and on may 24th the academy along with Ray's family we're going to have a special bones nightlife the whole the theme for the entire night will be bones and we'll set up as many of Ray's displays as we can and now i think it's time to let you see the movie so what motivated me was his ability to tell stories about the natural world and uh there we'll see it one more time uh and i'd never seen anyone like this before and i wasn't really into science as unlike moe i mean i just came i was much more into technology and when i went to this backstage tour and ray told us about those skulls it really opened my eyes to another way to live in the world it was really interesting so i wanted to make a movie about him but i had no idea what it would be and then i met all these other people and they told these stories about ray but in the end my goal of this movie was to really showcase someone who has lived his life in a very creative way but a very positive way that added to science because i think we don't get enough media that talks about people like this but i know there are so many there's a lot of beach watch volunteers here tonight and you people are very similar they give back to the world and live in this very generous way and um call them citizen scientists i think ray is a really um proud citizen science um and so i really wanted to celebrate that and uh and so i i think it does it really celebrates who he was he as his wife said at the end i think that's my favorite quote in the movie they were very free people they lived very exciting lives but they added to the positive so that's kind of my goal in in making this movie about ray anyhow it was there a question i think i saw a hand over there and we'll wait for the mic okay this man in the front row yeah hello my name's tody colonies i was one of the managers of the zoo it's not so much a question as a remembrance i started the zoo in 1971 and there was this fellow who would appear over by we didn't even have an animal hospital then he'd appear over by the freezer and oh i got the word that that's ray he's the skull guy from the academy i thought he worked at the academy all the all that time so that's news to me even now but um doc matron would call ray up in the middle of the night and say we're we lost something and the keepers would get there at seven three in the morning we'd see ray over by over by the freezer they come over and say ray what died he knew about you knew about it before we did yeah the zoo animals added a lot of depth to ray's collection and they will to the academy collection as well and there was a specific researcher she's still around she works on primates and i know that she and ray had several situations where one time she got out there and she said ray this one's mine you're not getting it but she had to take it with the arrangement that it would eventually come up to ray after she was done with her muscle research the first i want to just want to thank you for making that great film i really really loved it ray was kind of an obsessive person as doug long sort of said to the side there and i know have known some other collections managers who also have a kind of obsessive quality and i i love the way they've kind of converted this desire to keep collecting to keep going going going and turned it into something really beautiful and helpful and and and positive and uh i am wondering if there's anybody here who knows exactly how ray found that that that trick that is you know when um collecting skulls as a compulsion became collecting skulls as a contribution well i think he probably knew that from the beginning because when he was in high school he would bring specimens to the steinhard aquarium to have them not marine mammals but you know different reptiles and amphibians that he found and insects and things so he always understood the value of collecting the specimen but also collecting the data with the specimen so that first animal in 1953 the first harbour seal we know it's the he wrote on the skull it's you know the data is all there and it's actually number 53 or 54 53 in his collection which means that before that he had brought other things and kept the data so i think it came with his love of science even from a very young age and he did grow up near the academy of sciences whether that made a difference i don't know if his family has any insight into that but you know i think again what you're near i think speaks to you so maybe that just pulled him in from an early age but he did always collect creepy crawlies as he would say that's where he started and i don't know if he had any mentors or anything he never mentioned any names to me yes he was a mentor to many of us that is true any other questions for those of us who can stomach the the craft other is there any plans in the works for like a like a skull and blown club kind of uh for volunteers to learn and carry on some of that so we do at the academy we do have a number of volunteers that come in and work for us and i you know ask people to apply through our volunteer services we do require people to start cleaning disgusting skulls because that's a really good way to to know if a volunteer is going to stick around for very long if they can clean skulls in the stinky lab then they're they win oh yeah yeah i encourage you to apply a couple questions oh thank you good to see you again mo christ journey here from tree fog and i wanted to say two things one was a comment and one was a question so years ago when i first met ray was down at the academy it's sort of the beer on the non balcony in the herpetology room and the in the depths and the anals of the old academy when i was a young young guy like probably a teenager and um i was working on a few things having fun and so then he was really inviting and inclusive about all sorts of things that we could do together and i was just you know this like this little flea on the whale of the academy and that never changed he was as inclusive and open and welcoming and warm to everybody he ever met which i think is um hugely important to to shine a positive light on uh just anybody can do science sciences everywhere this this doesn't matter if you're smart or new or naive just check it out so fast forward to 2003 when that beards beak whale went uh went on the shore i was uh courting a young woman who became my wife we were walking on the beach at sunset and ray shot up to me he recognized me guys grace there's a beards beak whale on the beach we got to take its head off okay this this is before he even really introduced himself to my girlfriend nicole and she knew ray from just me being around the academy working there and stuff like that so she said give me a ride home i'll see you later so i gave her a ride home i lived on fourth and urban came back down and of course once again he was just like yeah this is a really great opportunity told me the whole story at midnight we got busted by the national park service police so to speak and as you said these crazy calls so i'm this guy the the guy doesn't want to hear anything id said okay and i gave him my license and ray gave him his license and showed him the uh cal academy badge but didn't stop cutting the whole time when the guy is talking to and he's like come back tomorrow gentlemen so i left and then of course uh douglas long came down and for days and days we worked on this thing and sadly not sadly but it's funny like he broke the um zygomatic arch you know of that elephant well the same thing happened kind of the beards beak a little bit they needed to get it off the beach because stupid things were happening like gangs were tagging etc and they pulled it and every single person in the world came out to help right the lifeguards the volunteers everywhere they you know deflated tires and a troop of cars came out onto the sands that they could have been stranded there and they finally got that thing off and they buried it and redid it so the comment was that he was really you know inclusive and the question is how can we keep that kind of positivity around in this day and age of you know quick and dirty communication not not real face time you talk about face time of course he wore that jacket for 35 years i mean i don't even he had like seven nicknames beyond bones let's put it that way if we could base on the smell of that jacket and it was all good so that's my question and i want to salute everybody here for supporting right thank you yeah i mean there's one thing kelly is doing this program tonight and i think there are a lot of opportunities to do citizen science in the bay area and i know there's a lot of beach watchers here tonight how many beach watch people are here so beach watch for example is a program where we're trained and then we go out every month to survey beaches and collect data about live and dead things and there's a relationship among those people but it's not as maybe vibrant as working with ray but i think there's a lot of organizations and i know kelly is trying to get these bio blitzes out from the library with people working in community to actually go out together and enjoy nature but add to science so i do think technology has helped us on the way to work as groups but um we have to search it out we really do have to search it out rather than staying in front of our computers yeah i also think one of the things ray instilled in myself and some of the people who work with me and is whenever we're out on the beach this we do the same thing that he used to do we always stop and interact with the public and answer their questions and sometimes we get peed on by dogs but we still we still stop and people always have questions and they're so curious about what's going on and the more information we can get out there the better and you have a question since i'd never heard of him or this before i was wondering i mean if he and i will try and see the house before you know it all goes to the academy but if it all goes to the academy why hasn't it already gone earlier why has it always been in his house if it is so important to science and to you um why when this academy was rebuilt didn't you create space and maybe even a lab again for him to do that or maybe you have one meanwhile and you know he's still not doing it at home but could you explain it all of the above so in the new academy we did include the amount of space that raised collection would take when we designed the the collection storage area so hopefully we will have enough room for all of it and believe me over the years i have tried to get some of it to come over you know it's more than six thousand skulls that we're looking at moving now um but he always he loved his museum and he loved being able to sit in the museum and look at everything and just be surrounded by the bones so we never pressured him and researchers were always welcome and i would make arrangements and you have to warn them a little bit you know about the house and it's so full of stuff and it's there's not a lot of room for work but he was always open to them coming up there so they were still available to scientists they were just in an offsite storage location that i would have liked to have had them integrated into the collection when we moved back to the new building in 2008 but that's okay they'll come now and we do have a lab in the new building that smells just as bad as the old lab did and ray worked in that lab as well wow okay well i did ask want to ask you a real question which is um with the trends in our education and so many of the old zoology departments are and the commitment to natural to natural science studies field studies and so on being moved into integrated biology or whatever what is it and your collection is that you curated so remarkable what do you think is the fate of all these very large collections in the modern age modern world well i think one of the things that's happening with collections is people are developing new tools to study collections so for example just a couple of weeks ago i sent off a large piece of adult male blue whale baleen that was collected in 1979 to a researcher who's studying hormones in in whales large whales and what they can look at is look at the hormones and the stress hormones and they can see where the whales suffered stress and where they were geographically when that happened so technology has allowed scientists to ask more in depth questions you can look back at specimens and compare the environmental conditions that they lived in using technology stable isotopes from the past to current day and that can tell you a little bit about climate change and it can give you more information on the influences of the environment on those animals so even though not as many people are doing morphology studies the traditional studies with museum specimens there are so many new technologies that are coming out with CT scans and stable isotopes and hormones and aging things with growth layers and teeth and baleen that i think there will always be a use for it and it's important to continue to build those collections so that a hundred years from now people can look back at our time period and study the stable isotopes and the animals from now compared to the ones a hundred years ago compared to the ones a hundred years from now and be able to tell some stories and understand the environment thanks for putting this film together it was fantastic so um i have one brief excuse me question and then a second one to follow up um one the brief one is i see a couple folks wearing the necklaces is there some and he was as well in the movie is there some significance to the actual bone are they special in any way he had about six different bone ties this one has a number on it which means it's cataloged and it's an elk vertebrae i'm not sure which one jacob has tiger vertebrae he almost always wore the hyena which i couldn't actually find today but ray whenever he went out to an event he wore his fancy pants and his fancy striped shirt and he had a carved comb in his upper pocket and he always wore a bone tie so for tonight we thought we'd wear some bone ties so these are from his collection from the collection yeah yeah jacob says nephew yeah oh they're great nephew excellent family here okay one more i'm sorry just had one quick other question i just want to make sure i'm interpreting something correctly during the movie he was talking uh something about a license or something do did he have to have us do you or anyone have to have a special license to do this sort of so marine mammals endangered species and birds are all protected species so in order to have parts any parts even if you just find something somewhere you can't prove that you didn't kill have something to do with killing that animal so we are part of the marine mammal stranding network which gives us authorization from the national marine fisheries service to respond to any dead marine mammal and then we have all the us fish and wildlife service permits for migratory birds so ray as a field associate with us was covered under all of those permits okay thank you so over here well done on the film thank you i'm wondering what additional information might be within the rest of the skeletal remains the film talked about the significance of the skull but if there's other data in the rest of the skeleton if there's any effort by the academy others to collect those bones as well in some cases we do collect larger skeletons so for example over the past couple of years there have been there's been a diapho guadalupe fur seals the endangered species that we actually have the female here with the jaw that he was talking about I had the really old female with all of her teeth missing so we will make choices about collecting entire skeletons based on the value of that specimen so because we had so few of that species to begin with we would keep the entire skeleton two from every county that washed up this was in the past two years but in general we do stick to collecting the skulls because and as Ray said it's the easiest thing to get off the beach if it's a large animal like we an orca we collected an entire orca in 2011 which took five really difficult trips to the beach and a lot of 37 people helped me get that whole orca off the beach so we just make the choice with resources and the value but really most of the value is in the skull with the teeth and the brain case and you can learn a lot from the skulls and I think one thing maybe that was not spelled out is that like when Mo or someone else goes out on the beach they try to do a necropsy on the dead animal to see how it died so they'll examine it for any other information that they can get from it on the beach so a lot of times they will know how it died when they leave it and it'll be like one time su pemberton is the one who goes out there now and she was like Beth did you know that was a shark bite I'm like no glad you went out so so they can tell a lot of times how an animal has died and they'll take that data on the beach thank you thank you Beth it's a wonderful film the early one of the early specimens that had the even teeth you know all do we have any idea why that was the case so one of the things that we've learned recently is in a lot of cases if animals are eating sharks their teeth will wear down consistently across the board so there's a bottlenose dolphin here who also had its teeth worn down to the gum line and that orca that I just mentioned was a young animal because it was known from life with its teeth worn down to the gum line sharks have skin that has what's called dermal denticles so it's like sandpaper so as they bite on the the shark skin it wears down their teeth over time that's the theory we know it's true with orcas we don't always know that it's true with other animals but dolphins don't chew so they this wear is probably from dermal denticles from skin this is probably a stupid question but whenever I see a sea lion its nose is always physically the highest point on its body and if I did that I'd have a stiff neck I'm wondering I mean is there any there probably is a physiological reason for that that I don't know because I deal with mostly dead animals but there's marine mammal people here so maybe anyone know yeah go up to the marine mammal center and ask them they'll know does anyone know the answer to that because they can raise their head the least amount and still extract air so no energy is giving off you hi I'm Mike I'm actually a cousin of Ray's my mom was his first cousin so I can't add any of the scientific and but I can give you a little flavor on the family side as a young child I never went to that Ray's house because I was afraid because not only afraid of the skulls but he also had some live reptiles at his house not legal and that was they were poisonous and so that as a kid was a little scary to think about going there and as lovely as he is he was known as being a little bit eccentric in our family I've never worn a bone tie myself but at our wedding he of course had his bone tie and was very proud of that would always be very proud of of his dress and another time I think there was a party because he always as you said had the striped blue shirt and the big comb in his pocket which was actually in your movie quite a few times his comb sticks out and he was there was a surprise party it was his 60th birthday party and they told him he was going to someone else's party and he got there and everyone had those shirts on and the and the combs in his pocket and he was just I think it was too much for him he kind of you know too much sure but you know obviously he was a lovely man and we enjoyed having him as part of our family I might have always been very proud that I can talk about his house and and such one last thing as as a small child that they hadn't he had a number of cousins my my mother was there was 10 brothers and sisters above them so there's a number of children and they used to go away on the summer altogether to Los Gatos which was then you know kind of the country and Ray talked about it that he used to as a small child go and collect reptiles you know in the going along the creek and and just collecting things which I'm sure my mother and other cousins were thrilled to have him come back with at the end of his outing so I think he was always from day one like that um I I didn't know Ray so I'm not familiar with the family but um is his um lovely wife still with us she is yeah excellent good oh she's at home tonight she's uh 90 years old how old is 88 she'll be 89 in july yep anything else we gotta don't be shy you mentioned that the whale skull was one of his favorites but I'm just curious like what were his favorite animals favorite skull that really like got him you know what um it's funny I just was writing a book with Ray and took a bunch of photos of his favorite skulls and was working with him and he passed away the day after I kind of gave him the first draft so I finished the book um and I'll have copies for sale if anyone wants it in the back later and that has most of his favorite skulls um but I think this Guadalupe first seal was one of his is she over there and she's in the movie her um her uh he was just fascinated by this old female who had climbed up on the beach and her you know her state of of um kind of life and death was in this skull and I think he really found that skull one of his the most fascinating ones and he had a couple ones that had like teeth in them he had one I think bear that had it uh was it a mountain line tooth stuck in its head but it didn't get killed by the mountain line it was actually shot by a hunter and that one he found fascinating I don't know so you know well whenever you would ask him what his favorite skull was he could never he would never answer that question so really pulling these images out in these individual specimens was the bears was maybe not his favorite but he talked about it a lot and whenever we did events he'd always want the bear to speak will come out if it could along with you know the narwhal and the the cancer deer and he had a whole list of things but it was really hard for him to name a fate there's no one favorite that he had I think he really appreciated them all for the art and for the science that they were he did tell me a week before he died that he wanted to bring some bones from the living room I'm just remembering this now and I'm very sorry that I didn't bring them tonight because he said I want to bring like the it was someone's femur one of the femurs from the living room of the house or the pelvic bone of the elephant or something because he wanted to talk to you all about how these bones not only represented science but were really pieces of art and he said I want to get up there and I want to do you think there'll be time for me to get up and talk about the art involved and I forgot about that so I'm sorry I remembered the nocturnal monkey but I forgot about the bone from maybe the elephant's pelvis yes so you can just imagine it was between alchemy and ray the art was really a big part of it as well in the sculpture of the bones okay thank you all for coming yeah


So, this is going to be the last concluded talk by Lucian Zau of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA, who will talk about computing the... Sorry. Thank you for the introduction and thank you for the chance for me to speak here at last. I think it's just because of my last name, it's starting with Z. Okay, so... Yeah. All right, so today I'm going to tell you a story about a curved computing invariant, which is called the Gopakumavafa invariant. So you may have heard of the Grammar-Witzen invariant, but not heard of this invariant, but this invariant is actually a very interesting invariant to study. So first, let me just state the largest conjecture behind this invariant, which is proposed by these two physicists called the Gopakumavafa conjecture. So, it just tells you that. So for x, a caveat three-fold, and you have this kind of equation when summing over all g greater than equal to zero and all beta inside the curved class of the Grammar-Witzen invariant of beta, g and beta of q to the beta and lambda to the 2g minus 2 is equal to some kind of new invariant they have already described. They call the... Of course, they didn't call it the Gopakumavafa invariant, but we call them the Gopakumavafa invariant, which is n of g of beta and 1 over k of sine of k lambda over 2 to the power of 2g minus 2 and q to the k beta. If I'm not writing this wrong, then it should be the correct answer. k is greater than equal to 1. Okay. So why do we need to care about this invariant? As you may know that the Grammar-Witzen invariant may be something like rational number, but now the Gopakumavafa invariant, surprisingly, they are all integers and they also enjoy the more enumerative counting properties like you can extract the 27 lines on the cubic surface by the Gopakumavafa invariant but of course I will not talk about that today because I'm not counting only on the case of local P2. So this is also a physicist's name, which is actually the total space of OP2-neg 3. Okay. So let me just start describing how they define this invariant just in a very intuitive way. So suppose you need to count some kind of curve inside your Carvel 3-fold. Let's say there's only one curve here. So there's only a G and a G curve here and I modulate space of curve. It's only one point. Can everyone see here? Probably not. I should try to write it elsewhere. So let's say this one is our modulite space of curve which is too trivial to be considered in this conference and then now we consider the Jacobian associated to this curve or what the physicist called the D-brains like supported on this curve and actually this will give us a torus of T2G. So how do we count the number of curves? Well, we can count the number of points or we can count the number of Jacobians. But how can we count the number of Jacobians is to consider the Poincare polynomial of this kind of Jacobian and we already know the Poincare polynomial of torus, right? So it's 1 plus 2T plus or 2y plus y-square to power G. So this is the Poincare polynomial of the T2G torus. Okay, so I can now define what I mean by the Gopakumavatha invariant but only the semi-definition because actually this definition lacks many, many conditions that I have omitted because it will evolve something like perversive or perversical homology but now I'll just give you a very, very simple definition but the actual definition you can see on MOLIC and TODA's paper is the title is just Gopakumavatha invariant we are vanishing cycle like 16, I believe. So this is my definition where f is backing from m to b and now you can define what is the Gopakumavatha invariant by the following equation. So it's negative to the power dimension b summation of chi of ri plus so let me just first define big d equals to the dimension of m minus the dimension of b and now ri plus d of chi star of c of m y to the power i equals to so on the right hand side there are our Gopakumavatha invariant where g sum over greater than 0 of y a half plus y negative half to power 2g so as you can see here I have shifted my complex by the dimension just to make sure that the punk rate duality is just y sends to y inverse so this one makes our life easier by just looking at this kind of punk rate duality instead of looking at y to the power dimension minus something, okay? So on the right hand side I have shifted so as well on the left hand side I have shifted some dimensions so that's why we have negative 1 to the dimension b because when you shift a complex the Euler characteristic will be multiplied by some negative number. All right, so this is my definition of Gopakumavatha invariant so it's just a constant sheaf on m so now our m and b are all smooth varieties so I define this like this because then our decomposition theorem will work very smoothly otherwise I'll try to define the decomposition theorem on many of the things like the critical manifold or something I don't quite understand so the fibers, yes so actually the fibers are so what Toda and Molly have said should be something like clavio so it's just telling you that for any point there exists a neighborhood such that f inverse, so k the canonical bundle on the f inverse of the neighborhood will be isomorphic to the constant it's not constant but it's a holomorphic section or holomorphic functions, sorry so this is some kind of hidden assumption I have got but now I just forget all these kind of assumptions and so our definition of the invariant, so this one n is called the GV type invariant so not our real invariant because we cannot just get some random spaces here and there and then go get so beautiful formula right here so our GV invariant is actually defined by saying that m is equal to moduli of sheaves supported let's say n beta sheaves supported on this beta with Euler characteristic equals to 1 so this is our higher space and the lower space is just the chow variety of this beta so when you define the so then you can define this kind of pushing forward and then you can define these numbers and these numbers and G are just called the GV invariant so this definition sounds a little bit weird but I can actually tell you a very very easy example which is just P2 with degree 1 curve so for P2 we can consider the modular space of degree 1 curve which is just another P2 and we can also consider the modular space of sheaves supported on this degree 1 curve which is again a P2 so for P2 with only degree 1 curve it's just an identity map so we can apply our formula which just says that the only thing that is non-zero is i equals to 0 but now also d equals to 0 and we also have this sheaves right here so the only thing that is non-zero is chi of P2 equals to 3 which means that our KUMA-VAPA invariant for genus 1 and genus 0 and degree 1 is equal to 3 and you can also consider degree 2 curve and then it's a P5 goes to P5 and you can calculate that NZ2 will be equal to negative 6 when you see this formula and it perfectly match up with our groma-wetton prediction as inside the formula I have already erased but now this comes a very strange problem because when a like M degree goes up like higher than equal to 3 we cannot have so nice description of our modular sheaves so we need to use my computation method which is something I will tell you like the second biggest topic is called the McDonald formula so what is the McDonald formula well probably most of you or many of you have already known that it's just telling you the cohomology of some symmetric products on curve when the curve is so C is our smooth curve of genus G and now we consider the symmetric product and you can just calculate by counting these classes that is symmetric and its summation from I sorry so here is I here is K summing from 0 over I over 2 and then which product of I minus 2K of H1 of C if I remember it correctly so for McDonald formula there are many ways to prove that but there is a very simple way to see it looking at the Jacobia so M beta where beta is the curve class you are considering so beta is inside our Cavio 3-fold so I'm not sure what you mean by the fiber class because our starting point is a Cavio 3-fold and we choose a curve class inside the Cavio 3-fold but X is our starting point it's a Cavio 3-fold a little bit Russian here so we start by X Cavio 3-fold and then we choose a beta inside our curve class the second homology is H2 of C and then we define the modular of sheeps supported on this class and that is our M beta and of course we have to assume that the Euler characteristic is one so B is the of this beta sorry it's writing a little bit low so it's hard for you to see alright so now I need to say what is the McDonald formula which is in my main calculation so the natural question to ask the first what I promise is a proof of this kind of formula so suppose D is large enough and B is 2G-1 then the Abel-Jakobi map mapping from the symmetric product of D points going to the Picard group of D is a P D-G bundle so then you can just push forward the Abel-Jakobi map of the C and then sorry is equal to summation of C of negative I 2K goes from 0 to D-G so you just calculate the cohomology of P D-G and then push it forward and then you can see that so for Picard D when D is large enough it goes to our Jacobian and you already know the cohomology of the Jacobian which is just much product of H1 and then you just combine these two facts together and you will see the McDonald formula okay so I shouldn't have erased my definition right here so let's keep it here is the McDonald formula so then we need to see what's going on when we have a family of curves so it was by Mignolini and Shende that Mignolini and Shende that they have generalized this formula to a family and also Molly can be to the family of integral curve that we as well some kind of this property here so let's say C to B is a family of integral integral curve and now we need to generalize to something like the related Hilbert skin so let's define C of D to be the related Hilbert skin that each fiber is this guy H of I H sorry C C B to the the Hilbert skin of D points of density on this curve skin and then we can also have this kind of formula right here just by looking at the I's push forward pi star D so this means that map from C of D to B the push forward will be exactly quite similar to what we have right here like the bundle structure so it's R of I minus 2K pi star J of C J is the relative compacted by Jacobian like for each point on B we associate the Jacobian of this curve and then we can also form C here which they call the relative compacted by Jacobian yes K is going from 0 to D minus G I believe let me check sorry I over 2 yes okay so now we have these two formula but why do we need to care about this formula right here well it's just because when our curve is smooth the moduli of sheeps supported on beta when you look at the fiber of these kind of moduli of sheeps it's exactly the Jacobian so that we can actually use this formula to calculate many of our Gopakuma Lava invariant right here so you can see that to describe this moduli of sheeps it's pretty easy so let me just show you an example in my very limited time to say why this kind of formula is true so of course in the first glance you have assumed that it's a family of integral curve but now for our case the curve may not be integral but the miracle is that this formula also holds in many cases so now let me just show you the example where you can do by hand even in home so now we consider p2 with degree 4 curve I have just skipped degree 3 because for degree 3 the moduli of sheeps is exactly c1 so this will not show the formula because we already know what is c1 so let's say degree 4 curve which we have a very hard to describe moduli space so now our child ring of degree 4 curve in p2 is just given by so we just consider all this kind of curve that is of degree 4 of ax to the power 4 plus vx to the power 3 y plus something to the power 4 and then you collect all this kind of possible coefficient in the front and then you can form this kind of moduli space by just collecting this coefficient and the number of coefficient is 4 plus 2 choosing 2 is 15 so then since scaling by a constant is just the same equation so then you can you need to subtract by 1 so it's a p14 case so our base base is p14 now you can calculate what should be the answer of the first gopacuma vapa invariant so in this case our genus is equal to by the degree genus formula over 2 is equal to 3 so then the highest gopacuma vapa invariant should be n of 4 of 3 so here I didn't remember the so I believe I write down genus first so genus is 3 and then 4 is a degree so how do we calculate n3,4? well if you look at the definition of the formula which I'll just tell you that it's actually r0 of pi star j or pi star m in our case of c and then by this kind of McDonald formula you can just plug in d equal to 0 in this formula and see that r0 of pi star 0 is exactly r0 of pi star j so this is our first equation and then you can see that since r0 of pi star 0 pi star 0 is exactly our p14 so r0 of pi star m is also exactly just a constant sheet on p14 which is just chi of p14 equals to 15 so this is our first calculation we can just do this kind of r0 by considering the first equation of the McDonald formula so let's switch to the second equation so what is the second equation which is chi of r1 pi star of m of c and now we need to calculate by this formula and then we see that r1 of pi star 1 is exactly r1 of pi star j so then we have to like check just check the r1 pi star 1 by using the Ray's spectral sequence so remind that chi of the base space which is our b of the r pi star is equal to chi of our higher space which I call it m so then we can check by this equation that it's actually chi of r0 pi star m c2 times because we have r0 and r2 and by punk radiality they are the same minus chi of the universal curve c1 I believe it's just giving you 2 times 15 which is 2 times the type 14 minus 3 times the universal curve because it's very easy to compute it's negative 12 okay so this is how it goes by calculating all these kind of numbers and you can collect all these kind of numbers and place in the polynomial I have written so it's 15 y to the negative 3 minus 12 y to the negative 2 plus dot dot dot equals to summation of ng of y a half plus y negative half to power g 2g so then you can calculate what are all these ng's and I'll just write down my answer right here so so ng so n3 as our we have already seen it's 15 and n2 when you calculate this kind of coefficient it's negative 102 and 1 equals to 231 and n0 equals to negative 222 so these are something just coming from the direct calculation by applying this formula but now here comes the problem because physicist says that n0 should not be this number but rather n0 is negative 192 so what's going on in this formula as I have already reminded you that our formula is based on the assumption that all the curves should be integral so now here comes the non-integral part which is that our degree 4 curve splits into a degree 3 curve and a degree 1 curve so when you consider these kind of two modular space like degree 3 curve is actually a p9 and degree 1 curve are p2 and you calculate the other characteristic of this modular space it's exactly 30 so this discrepancy 30 is exactly coming from this degeneration but when you do the perverse sheaf calculation what we can prove is that it's actually the correction is coming from the degeneration into the degree 3 and degree 1 curve probably the main theory of this stage but now we are going to go to even higher degree and try to prove more things so this method now only works for degree up to 5 but for degree 6 we have more degeneration like going into a degree 4 curve and 2 degree 1 curve and now I'm not quite sure what should be the thing that we should do correction in this case so I think that's all of my presentation thank you


Homeward Bound is a collaboration of women developing their leadership in that science space. I was accepted into the programme, and more as a science educator, my work in China is heavily involved in that. I've developed leadership and sustainability programmes with kids or developing their ability to create programmes themselves. One particular programme that we worked on was the Paper Waste Cup Audit. The kids were quite passionate about how many paper cups were being used. We counted those cups. It was a really stinky process. The kids were quite upset and horrified by what they were seeing. And then through that we've presented that back to the school at an assembly, and the kids then created or came up with ways that they could create that change themselves. They've looked at a celebration day where students can bring their drink bottles to school and decorate those. And just start acknowledging that behaviour change so that they can reduce their cups. And then from that, hopefully bringing that out into the community so the community is more conscious about what they're doing around waste. I think generally coming together and being a support network for each other to look at how we can influence policy as well as create and erase awareness for what's happening in the world.


Good afternoon and welcome. We're coming to you from day two of the Fiji Symposium in Bangalore, the platform for all dialogue on financial inclusion. And with me today is Secretary Telecom and Chairman of Telecom Commission, Mrs. Aruna Sundarajan. Welcome ma'am and thank you for being part of the Fiji Symposium. This is the first Fiji Symposium and it's happening in India. Your thoughts on this? First of all, I think it's very appropriate that India is hosting the first global event on financial inclusion because as you know, India has indeed been one of the prime movers in this space. And most of the action is actually happening here. And this is happening at three levels. First of all, in terms of the digital India program, the governments push to ensure that there's access, there's identity, and there's inclusion. So that's what the jam trinity, the Jandan, Adar mobile is all about. And if you see over the last one year or so, there has been so much happening in this space, because you know, the prime minister launched the UPI Beam platform, which today makes it possible for anybody to transact using a mobile smartphone, a feature phone, or even just his plain thumb. So the platform is there. Then the way in which the payment infrastructure has increased in the country. We've seen a five to tenfold increase in the payment infrastructure that's happened in this last few months. And thirdly, an exciting array of new products are coming up. So today, I think India is one of those countries where you can actually open an account online. You can get your credit profile. You can get specialized access to products online. So it's a very exciting space. And I think that's why it's really good that this is happening here. And what is the role of the telecom commission and what are the next steps in the future for to actually increase digital financial services in India? See first of all, all of the digital platforms need underlying telecom infrastructure to ride on. So that is the mandate of the telecom commission. And that's what we're working on. One, we need to get access to everybody out there, 1.2 billion Indians. Secondly, we want to ensure that internet is accessible to everybody. And so the telecom commission and the telecom department are working one on creating the infrastructure for this rollout. We have this very ambitious Bharat Net program where we're trying to put optic fiber connectivity in all the grand panchayats. But we're also working on things like creating security and trust frameworks. You know, if somebody uses a mobile phone, he needs to feel that the network is safe. He needs to feel that the device that he's using is secure. So we're working on that. We're also working on other issues like, you know, trying to create a central equipment identity register so that you don't have somebody duplicating your SIM or your mobile. So a lot of work is going on on the telecom side because that is the basic platform on which the rest of it will have to be layered. And that's the only way financial inclusion can actually happen. Thank you so much. Thank you so much for your time.