Look, you gotta look up, he's dominating. That's the thing though. One ball is hit hard in 6-13, one ball over 100, one ball. They wasn't seeing the ball coming at all, Rich here. Seven strikeouts. We were watching, right here, I mean, I was like, they had no clue what the ball is, you know, I know he's not a hitter, but it's a feature and you have clue about where the ball is coming from and what type of pitch. I'm talking about Rodriguez, Eduardo. Yeah. Eduardo told me, bro, look.  He said, he threw me a pitch that I took up running because it was way behind me and all of a sudden, because he got hit by the fouls before, right? Right, right, right. So he was like, I thought I was gonna get hit again, that's it, but like, take the left turn and I like, yeah, it seems like nobody was hit the ball. You didn't have Schubert's main decision, you didn't have upstairs. Bro, it's confusing and the problem is that he's taking over the heat. Yeah. Taking over the heat. Frank, were you taking Rich Hill out last night? Absolutely not. He said it in real time. When the, that bullpen was compromised last night. I, if they were in full rest mode, maybe, but they didn't have many options last night. There's no way to take Rich Hill out of that game last night. They needed three more outs from Rich Hill. That's all we were asking for is three more outs. I would have rolled him until he passed down on the mound. You almost have to go into that game thinking that if you don't win that game, the season is over. You have to go into that game saying, my only other trooper that I can use, because I cannot use Ken Lee again for two innings. Six innings, six innings, six innings, six innings. I can only use him for one. Has it ever worked with Ken Lee for six innings? Never. It's never worked. Reel has to be available, which really well, he has to be available for two innings. There's nobody else in that pan. Like, we need to put Alexander in that situation, who is hard for him to tell strikes.  That was the idea we adopted last night, until he gave up the bomb of a buoy. He was gonna be out there as long as he could, because the bullpen was hurting. You saw that, Kimbo was, he wasn't Kimbo, like he normally is, you know? He was hurting from the nine before. Yeah, he threw 28 pitches a night before. You know what I'm saying? In 28, like nice. He was on the same boat. Is he available tonight? He gotta be. For just one though, right? You know who's available tonight? You're Walden. Yeah. 100%. 100%. You're Walden. You're Walden. I know what I'm thinking about this too guys. It was a four net and ball game, with no traffic on the bases. That's your very point. There is no way I'm taking mind of that game. If you ever got a lot of traffic out there, yeah, sure. There was no traffic on the bases. Where was real? Three more outs. Now that you're talking about clues, sir. Yeah. Have you ever thought about what is wrong Jensen besides, because, okay, we're talking about him being used, but we haven't talked about his location. I think his velocity's not the same either. 356, Frank? When he said 96 above, I mean, he's devastating. When he gets down to 93, he's hit him. And I don't see the cutter been as good as it's been in the past for him right now. My favorite hacker. How many evening he played in the regular season? Can I make? Yeah. Because I think, same thing that he went going through last year against Houston, he's going through now. 71 and 2 thirds, his most in the season since 2013. Remember, he's gonna take time with the KL as well, with not much issues. How about last year? Last year, 68, and I put it like that. 13 homers in the regular season, which was five smaller in his career. So for closer, is that like average? Is the above average, or is below average? 78 is quite a bit, the Josh A. or L.D. and L.M. will be finished eventually at 80 once your camera shows. So 71 and 2 thirds is a lot of his career. Especially for a closer man. Okay, for Ben, I mean. But Papi, he's not fair. So Alex Cora has, you know, say 10 pitchers available, and Dave only has six. So he's using sale, price, evolving, and Dave Roberts is limited to his same guy, so he's keep going to the same guy. That's not fair. Like if you have a deeper bench, well, Alex Cora is using his entire 25-man roster, and Dave Roberts is using a 17-man roster. Like, where is Rio? Is what I know. That's a good point right there. So basically, can we say that Alex Cora has been able to manage his ball club better than Dave Roberts? Well, he's used his roster much better, for sure. To me, having Rio not available, and don't tell me game six, because that's not a good answer. There's probably not gonna be a game six, right? So you can't worry about game six, when you can't worry about you have to win game four. And if you just play 18 innings, you have to put all hands on deck, and the one thing that Alex Cora has done throughout this whole series, he's been ultra-aggressive, and he's got the wins today. I don't know if Rio was even in Cleats yesterday. Hitting on that Alex, he has usually balled, he has a weapon, you know, to be able to bounce back and throw like that. Dodges really don't have a guy like that, unless they can use Walker Bieler. If they can bring Walker Bieler in there tonight, to give him three innings. Did I ever have a guy like that? Did you talk about this approach? That's the only starter that has that type of story. But where was Rio? Because I'm telling you, if you have Rio in the game, here's the thing that he can do. He can run in balls two lefties, he has the change up to a weapon righties. If you have Rio, Moreland's never in that game, right? And if he's in the game, he's probably not gonna hit a three-round bomb like that. So you gotta have Rio. If you have a four-round lead, there were 54-0 after winning after four-round lead, right? 54-0 with a four-round lead. You gotta have Rio. That's your guy, like nobody else is available. Rio has one career lead compared to last year in the game. It would have been two after this one. Okay, let me ask you this. How many did Pryce and how many did Grissel? Well, Pryce started as a reliever, so it was sort of Grissel, so.  But it's a luxury, it is a luxury to have those guys. Pryce is involved in this, come out of the book, they like to live with us, this is it. My point is I wouldn't care about that because this is such an anomaly of being in the World Series and having 18 games a day before. I'm just giving the answer, I'm not. Yeah, I would take that input, I would say, okay, I get it, this would be the second time. I'm not a tutorial, I'm just saying what the next one is. If you look over it, you know what I mean. If you can do it, you're gonna leave. That's the only weapon they have up a bench that's started.


I created this directory called Rick and Morty and in this directory I have a couple of Nito files that I wanted to share and showcase here. So you can see a couple of them are executable files.exe, there's a PowerShell script in there that .ps1 file, couple INI configuration files seemingly and .temp file. I ran the file command to figure out what each of these really were if they are in fact what they say they are. It looked all good. None of the exe files were .net assemblies so I couldn't open them up in like dnspy or ilspy but that's okay. We still have plenty of story to get through here and I thought first I'd check out that .tmp or temp file because it looked kind of weird and out of place. So as it turns out, as I opened this thing up I could recognize, hey, this is visual basic script code. So I set visual basic script as my syntax highlighting profile in sublime text and then saved a copy of this file as like the name cleaned so I could go ahead and make sense of this code. So it started off with some weird comment with seemingly random base 64. That didn't actually decode to anything. It was kind of useless. So whatever, I guess that's there for some reason. Good waste of time, good waste of my time and your time. Thank you very much. Then I went along and tried to make sense of these variables here. I could see down below that one ENY QMP was being set to a new object of wscript.shell. So I went ahead and renamed all the variables to that and then I tried to make sense of the code logic or the flow of the program. There was this weird-looking function, WDNZZTNHJBXZ, that seemed to create a new string, building it out out of maybe iterating through whatever argument was passed to it and I don't know, taking, I guess, the third character of each letter in the string or the third character in each, the third, you know what? Okay, sorry, words are hard. So I renamed the argument variable and renamed the function to kind of make more sense as to what the thing actually does. So I could see that the code was using this function to extract some string out of another larger string that was seemingly nonsense. I thought I could see a file system path out of there. You could see a C colon, but it was separated with like a Q and a capital D over and over again. And the other string that it referenced was kind of completely random what the other in-between characters might be. So eventually I just thought, all right, let me recreate this in Python and then I can kind of decode those strings, quote unquote, decode, right? I cranked this out in B Python inside the interpreter and we were totally right, right on the money that first string is a file system path. So I got started kind of commented that out in the original code out of that new line in so I could make sense of it. And then I got started with the next one, but that aired. Since it had a backslash U, Python thought it was a Unicode escape character and I needed to actually escape out all those backslashes. I did this with some usual sublime text magic. Literally just find and replace. Now I could give that string to my Python function and I'll uncover that this is going to do some PowerShell bypass execution policy to run a PowerShell script. And that brings us to the next file to take a look at. I do have a copy of that PowerShell script. So I take a look at it and make a copy, renaming it to again, a little cleaned prefix because that way I know that I'm going to be working through this file and trying to make sense of it, de-obfuscated, et cetera. Now I noticed it has some weird structure in that there are a lot of try and accept or try and catch statements in PowerShell syntax, wrapping around some other functionality to do something else. First I got started trying to kind of beautify or clean up this code. So again, the logic makes sense with white space and it's much more easily readable. After that was done, I got started trying to de-obfuscate some of the things that that script might be trying to hide. The first thing that stuck out to me was this like BYJ6 or whatever variable that seemed to, after some further analysis, just contain PowerShell after it had replaced out all those things it was using to make other noise or evade signature detection. I renamed the variable and then went to go take a look at what those try catch statements were doing. They looked really weird because they had a colon kind of in between each commandlet. And I thought, is that even normal PowerShell syntax? So I tried to copy it over to an interpreter and find out. Bruh. Nope, not real PowerShell syntax, it's a lie. For whatever reason in the moment, I like didn't believe this and just continually kept trying it both in Linux PowerShell and in Windows PowerShell and went down this like research rabbit hole.  It was a waste of time. It was just more random bad dead code to distract whatever antivirus product or EDR solution might be trying to look at this and figure out what it does. So I went on my merry way renaming variables trying to make sense of the code. I noticed it was doing something kind of interesting. It looked like it was getting data or more information out of the desktop.ini file, which normally people just tend to overlook but they were actually using it as a hiding place for more bad code. Eventually I realized that the commandlets kind of joined together by the colon inside of a try catch statement were there to just kind of add more noise. It's going to run in a try statement purposefully fail and then the catch block is going to end up being the code that actually executes.  So I thought it was a fine time to take a break and like go outside or something.  When I went back to the PowerShell code, I did see that it was pulling data out of that desktop.ini file and it was treating it like a PowerShell secure string with the key of the numbers one to 16. There was also this like UPD variable that was seemingly never used and I don't exactly know what that thing is for. But anyway, it ended up executing code with IEX or invoke expression based out of what it pulled from desktop.ini. Since we could see the process of how PowerShell would sort of decode or quote unquote decrypt this thing as a secure string, we had the key, we had the original file, we had the process. I thought, well, I could just do this too. So I tried to throw it into some Linux PowerShell interpreter and see what it would churn out. Oh, and if you don't believe me as to what the whole desktop.ini file thing is, here, take a look at the contents. It's this thing. So I was pasting these PowerShell commands one by one into my Linux PowerShell interpreter, checking the variable and its value and contents after each go. Now I didn't seem to get anything. It seemed like my final PowerShell string was just a double quote. Now you'll notice I'm being very careful to not copy and include that IEX or invoke expression because I don't want this thing to actually detonate. Eventually I thought, well, maybe it's just being weird because it's on Linux. So I opened up my Windows virtual machine as well and tried to see what would happen. At that point, I was pretty tired of just copying and pasting one line at a time. So I took the whole thing and just slapped it in. That got a lot of errors. So this one, I at least knew what the problem was. This one was kind of obvious to me. Oh, duh, the desktop.ini file doesn't exist on that machine.  That was an easy fix though, since that desktop.ini file was all plain text, I could just open it up, copy and paste it into our good friend Notepad. And just like that, the desktop.ini file is present on the Windows VM and I can work with it. Now when I slap in that PowerShell code in Windows, it does actually decode and you're gonna really love what comes out of this. This is where we finally get to Rick and Morty malware. Love a love a dub dub. You heard it here first, folks. It's got all your favorite characters, Mr. Meeseeks, Mr. Poopy Butthole, Squanchy, Bird Person. We're gonna see so much more. So I copied and pasted all this code out, put it into a new file in sublime text and got to work. Truthfully, this thing isn't really all that obfuscated. I mean, other than the fact that a lot of the variables are named after Rick and Morty characters. But like, look at this. Obviously it needs to be cleaned and beautified a little bit, but look at like the random strings in here. Little wubba lubba dub dub string. It's got Mr. Meeseeks box as a variable referring to the command prompts. There's just so much in here that is so funny to me. I was thinking, what is this? Is this normal? Is there such thing? Has anyone ever seen Rick and Morty themed malware before? So I had to do some very serious research. To clean this code, I started to remove those stray and random strings that weren't doing anything. I renamed variables so they weren't the random name, but they were something that actually made sense as I were reading through this. And I noticed it was doing some really interesting things, trying to see, okay, what executable files are in this current directory, looking for other INI files like a ping.ini. And then it starts to do some really interesting stuff by just getting a completely random process and working off of its name. I noticed there was this IFN variable that seemed to run the get process commandlet and pipe it to get random. So it looked like it was just grabbing a completely random process. I tested it out, just kind of experimenting like, hey, what would it grab? And literally it's a random process every time and it grabs the name. Now it takes that IFN variable and then seemingly just stuffs it into Plumbus, which is hilarious for one thing. And it actually takes the current directory that we've already retrieved as a variable and then adds in that IFN value and adds also a .temp file extension. Now on this target host or whatever I was looking at as the victim, I did see in the current directory, actually a service host or SVC host .temp. We'll get to that file in just a moment, but following still in the code, we see other properties being set so we don't actually show any windows and we stay hidden. And then we have this Citadel function. Now this one's kind of interesting. It looked like it was taking in arguments or grabbing code and syntax to denote something that would normally be passed in and include a .ps1 or .temp or tmp file extension. Now those look very, very similar to the same .ps1 and .temp, which were actual visual basic script that we saw earlier. It checks if those files exist and if they do, it grabs the length of that file and returns it out. So maybe that'll be useful somewhere else later. Following that, I see a primitive for just a basic sleep function or little wrapper around the start sleep power shell commandlet and then we start to do some other more interesting and peculiar things. At this point, it wants to collect information and gather some more data or knowledge about what target or victim have I actually landed on? What is this malware gonna actually execute on and what information can we grab about this host? So it retrieves the MAC address and then it starts to put that together in I guess a little hash so that it knows and can identify this specific target or victim and we'll see that more, especially as we dive into this new slmgr.ini. But before we do, I want you to notice something that's really weird. It keeps referring to the first executable that it finds in the current directory, the first .exe file. Now, we have copies of those, we have those .exe files, but what is so special about the first one and you'll notice it has this argument and it calls that first exe with a slash reset argument or parameter. Now, I was looking at this and I was trying to figure out what is that thing? What sort of argument and what would that do? So I took a look at that executable file and you might see some weird stuff. Now, this was super, super cursory analysis, right? I literally just ran strings and then sort of had enough to go off of, you know me strings is overpowered and it's the ultimate hacking tool, right? Now, this thing had a legitimate valid Microsoft cert attached to it and I kept seeing indications of bits admin and I was thinking like, whoa, like seriously for real the bits admin .exe, kind of old school DOS command prompt like cmd.exe like utility for like file transfer stuff and this is on Lulbans. Like this is a known living off the land utility that can do some interesting stuff. Typically it is used for downloading files and you can see the syntax and you can check it out online, but the arguments that we were seeing like a slash reset and we'll see even more weren't seemingly in that Lulbans syntax. So I went to go take a look at like the man page, right, the help file for bits admin and I was taking a look at what this thing could do and why it was doing what it was doing in that malware sample, that reset parameter that argument seems to delete all jobs in the manager. So I'm assuming this is going to be used more and more in the future, right? So rather than calling that that first exe in the current directory, I went ahead and renamed that variable to bits admin and how we're going to end up using bits admin for some other control across this malware. Now we can start to get into that SLMGR.ini. Typically SLMGR is used as a command to kind of modify or do things with your Windows license that you might have installed on your Windows computer. But in this case, again, we're hiding amongst that just like we did with desktop.ini. And you can see actually the process here using a PowerShell secure string with the key of one to 16 is put to use again. So yet again, we have the value for SLMGR.ini. We were able to collect that file and we can decode and figure out what is actually being hidden here. Now this one I think is interesting because we do notice some peculiar domains and HTTP URLs. Again, I know this technique seemingly only works on Windows rather than my Linux PowerShell. So I have to copy over that SLMGR.ini file contents into that Windows virtual machine and then I can slap in the code to be able to do this one more time. Now check this out. We received some new indicators of compromise here. Now before I go doing some internet detective OSINT stuff before I start to look up and do some research on these domains and what they all kind of trace back to, I am going to be continuing to work through the code. But don't worry, we're gonna toss this stuff into virus total. We're gonna kind of do some OSINT, some research on Shodan and we'll see where these are all coming from. So I took note of those domains and then continued looking through the code. We finally reached the Mr. Poopy Butthole and bird person section of our code here. And it turns out Mr. Poopy Butthole is just actually going to end up generating some random eight characters. And we're putting that together with a .log file seemingly that that Squanchy variable ends up representing. And we use bits admin of course to transfer data kind of back and forth from each domain in that list of domains that we had previously and keeping track of that information in those log files that we should see present on the file system. I took another look at the bits admin help and user information and that slash transfer argument showcases the syntax that it uses. It has a job name which is seemingly going to be that random hash that we saw generated. A priority that we saw looks like foreground was kind of noted there. And then a type whether or not it's going to be download or upload. However, that isn't supplied in the code that we saw. So it must be using that slash download kind of by default. It then takes of course the URL that it's going to reach out to which is supplied in that D variable iterating through the domains. And of course the local file that it stores here that local name where we can see okay it's going to be writing that log file with an index and our random process which now we know is going to be service host or SVC host and kind of that same compromise one that we've been looking at on this specific target. And then it runs the command and sleeps for a little bit. With that information I thought we might have some interesting files because I did have a copy of the zero underscore service host and a one underscore service host but both of these just seem to look like hashes and I wasn't exactly sure what was going to come from them. So following down on the code even more now we're starting to do some kind of peculiar while loop stuff with using an E variable seemingly to exit the while loop but it checks for each domain if there is a log file already present from our random process which we know service host and then it has these AD and DID variables I'm assuming maybe for already done or already did and it grabs a crypto key seemingly as a variable name pulling out of the content of that downloaded log file but I'm not a thousand percent positive where or when that crypto key is going to be used next or if it's just sort of the notion to hey only respond to information from this target from this specific key that I the server kind of the master overlord command and control framework that HTTP domain has willingly given you. I guess that's still up for debate. I am curious for your comments here but as you can see they do communicate with those servers they do reach out to those URLs and potentially grab information and again using that convert to secure string syntax with the key one to 16 it looks like it actually writes this out with that SLMGR.ini file. So part of me wonders is this the original installation is this how is sort of knowing and getting more information potentially from those domains from those callback servers? I guess I'm still a little questioning on this one too but I'm curious of your thoughts. At this point there was a lot going on and I was just finding more code to deal with. Thankfully a lot of the variable names we had already kind of chosen to rename are going to end up being used later down in the code so there wasn't a whole lot else to do other than clean and sort of make sense as to what was going on. I could see a lot of other reconnaissance and kind of enumeration techniques. Again it was trying to determine hey what file systems or logical disks are present here and then of course it would put together the commands to be able to copy this and maybe keep track of it for later use or install its own persistence write and dot TEMP files. It would look for the processor information like the CPU name it would start to look for the operating system caption and others and then you'll notice I have some bits admin transfer command variable names even if it isn't strictly using bits admin transfer that must be from our find and replace just clobbering that variable previously. I don't think it's all that bad I think we can still kind of make sense of it here but you can see me noting hey I'm curious is this going to end up being persistence adding in potential more information or adding in the hooks that we saw previously. There is an interesting segment coming up though if you'll notice this little F mail variable and it's trying to grab some files out of Microsoft Outlook directories and pulling files from that. It looks like this syntax just checks hey does the Outlook directory exist and if it does it runs GCI or get child item to kind of list out the information there and it's using those asterisk wildcards to look for OST files. Then the code does something awesome that it looks like it grabs the URI or kind of maybe the original link or the hostname for those callback URLs that we saw those dot EU domains. And then you can see blim blam, right? He's kind of up in action here with these another random eight characters being generated checking out the exes in the current directory and we get to see evil Rick in action. Looks like he's going to end up using that get length of script files function that we saw previously. And it actually references that UPD variable that we saw earlier in kind of the original stager. Now an interesting thing is that that value matches the name of those dot PS1 files and that dot temp visual basic script file that we all started with. So we're kind of coming full circle here. Eventually it looks like it ends up base 64 encoding all of the data that it's been able to grab thus far. The script information, the MAC address, the operating system name, the CPU, et cetera, et cetera and it bundles it all up and sends it again with bits admin transferring it back to those potential domains that we had pulled out of SLMGR dot INI. The remaining functionality in the code seems to use the same sort of syntax and structure as that while loop that we saw previously using kind of a dollar sign E variable to represent whether or not we're going to exit. And it looks like this does some sort of cleanup. It uses bits admin to list current jobs and then if it sees any error messages it looks to kill those PowerShell syntax or those PowerShell processes and it's checking, hey, do I have the correct amount of time to live or live time in sort of its communication? We see more use checking for these random process temp files generating more random eight character strings and seemingly creating these scripts themselves. I see the use of the crypto key here and I'm curious kind of all that it's doing but it looks like it's creating the same syntax as we saw kind of from our original dot PS1 file or the original dot TMP individual basics for file. It looks like there's some structure here for JSON data that I'm assuming is going to be ended up being used for the communication with that commanding control or other endpoints there. And I do see an invoke expression syntax in here but I can't track down where that might be coming from or how it ends up being generated. There's a lot of stuff happening as to how this kind of communicates but if I were to actually go finally play with these domains if I were to actually go look at these URLs and see if there's any actual information that comes from them you'll see I kind of get beat up against the wall here. Back in my just regular Linux command prompt running in bash, if I try and curl down one of those URLs, E-R-T-H-G-Y-R-T-E-H dot E-U I get a 403 Forbidden slash topic returns that and any sub directory or sub file kind of under that gets the exact same response, hey, 403 Forbidden even on the other link. Now, if I were to kind of test this in tinker with it if I go to the original root of the webpage it looks just like a flat centos maybe Linux server hosting out on the web okay just a default installation page but testing any other files like I do a little robots.txt here or I just do a simple a.html and nothing comes back. I always get a 403 Forbidden. Now, I'm not again positive I'm probably not interacting with the server the right way I don't exactly know what BitsAdmin does when it does that slash transfer. So I'm super curious, if you happen to know please fill me in, like comment and subscribe and all those things but literally running anything I do not get a response. I always get a 403 Forbidden. Obviously these servers are still up obviously they're still accessible because they are responding with something but no real data that kind of comes from it and I'm not positive whatever ended up on that target file system. How did it get there? Where did it come from? What other responses should come from this? Maybe had I been using BitsAdmin or transfer maybe that's something else we could do in another potential video it's kind of exploring this a little bit more maybe we're using that specific syntax but just curling stuff down nothing seems to come from it. Eventually I thought, all right let's go take a look at these IP addresses you know, it would be good to see where these things actually exist there's that dot EU suffix for the domain but checking it out in Shodan this does return in Amsterdam of the Netherlands which is kind of peculiar. Port 80 is open, Port 443 is open as we saw but there's also another peculiar one, 81, 81 that looked to be a maybe proxy but look at the certificate here on the SSL certificate for Port 443 what is that? andripetrandry.example.com some city, some state just kind of bogus random values here, right? Very weird, very strange and if we were to go take a look at that other domain checking that out with NSLookup or trying to get the actual IP address that comes from it it is the exact same IP address and yet there was seemingly a different response I mean, just so we think, right? The theoretically that we had a zero underscore service host dot log and a one underscore service host dot log are there some virtual host routing configurations kind of being set on that box on that machine on that server? I don't know. And then I started to Google around like look, is this a known thing? Is there genuine obfuscators for Rick and Morty malware? I wasn't able to track anything down other than some excellent Rick and Morty episodes and I thought like, all right let's kick this thing over to virus total and let's see, are these IP addresses weird? Are these domain names weird? So I passed that in and ooh, I see ESET caught it as some weirdness but it just says, hey, it's malware it gives us no explanation as to how or why or what made you think that trying the other domain, when I kick it in it takes a little bit of time to respond actually, no, that one immediately tells me hey, it's totally cool but if I were to add in the HTTPS in here actually specifying like, look look at the SSL cert, look at port 443 what are you tracking down in here? Eventually this comes back with I think one, right? Again, ESET, right? ESET getting that HTTPS. Trying the others, looking at specifically the IP address this gives us one right here and that's Sertego, Sertego but again, just tells me malicious not really anything else to glean from that no other valuable information but seemingly no one else is sort of aware has seen this in use at least from those preventative security products but that's that, I guess at this point, I don't exactly know where else to go or where more to bring this sort of at my wit's end I would love to know and to see what actually goes into that other invoke expression that we saw kind of within that last stage there but golly gee, it blew my mind when I kind of unraveled that and saw all those Rick and Morty characters I thought, man, this is a meme this is a lot of fun and maybe this could make for a good YouTube video so thank you so much for sticking with me thanks for watching I hope you've enjoyed me being a goofball, doing crazy stuff I hope it's been some fun this is one of the first videos where I have put a lot of time into sort of editing and going through and adding kind of other cuts and splicing things together so normally the hour, two hours time sink into developing the content has been blown to like eight hours to nine hours and carving this thing out so please do give me your feedback if you like that sort of thing if you had some fun with this style in format though it is a significant, significant more time investment in the normal kind of structure and style but I do want to get your feedback I do want to know what do you think so please, please, please do all those YouTube algorithm things I would love if you could like the video if you did like the video if you didn't like the video then don't and you can press dislike if you want but like why, you know I'm kidding, I'm kidding comment, do those YouTube algorithm engagement things I would love if you could subscribe please do press that bell, click that bell, smash that obliterate, destroy that bell and that will let you know when I post content and videos just like this so I'm going crazy this has been a long time editing and recording but thanks so much for watching everybody I really hope you had fun and I will see you in the next malware analysis video thanks everybody, love you, take care


Hello everyone, welcome back to another session on dentistry and more. So let's continue our syndrome. So last class, we had seen few syndromes. So today's class is about Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Papillon-Liefer syndrome. Stephen-Johnson syndrome, it is also known as Toxic Epidomolysis Necrosis or Lial syndrome. So these two should be studied together. So let's see what is Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Papillon-Liefer syndrome. So let's begin with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. So we should study Stevens-Johnson syndrome along with Lial syndrome. It is also known as Toxic Epidomolysis Necrosis because the both having same clinical presentation differs only with the severity of clinical presentation that is the skin reactions. So it is an immune complex mediated hypersensitivity reaction. So this is a hypersensitivity reaction to certain dregs or certain infections and it is a severe expression of erythema multiforme and it is also known as erythema multiforme major. So we should know what is erythema multiforme. So erythema multiforme is basically a skin immune reaction due to an infection or medication. Its name comes from erythema multi-anformae. Erythema means redness, multi is many and formae is shapes. So it describes the main symptoms which is a rash on the body. So the rash on the body where each mark resembles a bullseye form. So it is a severe form of erythema multiforme it is also known as erythema multiforme major. So the basic etiology is infection. It could be a herpes simplex virus infection, cytomegalus virus infection, it could be due to the AIDS or Epstein bar virus infection and it could be due to drug induced. That is the main reason that is the penicillin drug induced reaction is 2 third of total cases of Stephens-Johnson syndrome and also it could be due to finitoin, NSAIDs or allopurinol. So these drugs can result in this hypersensitivity reaction and also it could be an idiopathic reaction. So it is nothing but an immune complex mediated hypersensitivity reaction. So we know classifications of hypersensitivity 1, 2, 3 and 4. So this is immune complex mediated hypersensitivity. So there will be always a causal factor that is either infection or a drug or it could be an idiopathic in nature. So it is also known as erythema multiforme major because clinical presentation is all same because it is forming erythematous reaction on the skin surface. And the risk factors include the males having more predilection compared to the female almost double because it is 2 is to 1 ratio we can see. So in risk factors the second one is age. It is most commonly seen in 20 to 40 years that is the middle age people are more affected with this Stephens-Johnson syndrome. So what are the clinical features? It is most commonly affecting the surface that is skin and mucus membranes are involved. Most commonly the oral, nasal, eye, GI tract, respiratory tract, urethral tract. So all these surfaces are involved with this muco, skin and mucus membrane. And also we can see sore throat, chills, malaise and fever associated symptoms with Stephens-Johnson syndrome. So it is like muco-cutaneous lesions they develop abruptly and clusters of outbreaks which last from 2 to 4 weeks and the lesions are typically non-pruritic. And fever will be there in almost 85 percentage of the cases and involvement of oral and mucus membrane may be severe enough that patient may not be able to eat or drink. And also there is conjunctivitis and patients with genital urinary involvement may complain of dysuria or an inability to void. So these are the basic clinical features and the next thing is if the basal body surface area involvement is less than 10 percentage we can say that it is a minor form of toxic epidermolysis necrosis or you can say that Stephens-Johnson syndrome is now very much void and the basal surface area is 10 to 30 percentage it is a combination of both Stephens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermolysis necrosis and if the basal surface area is greater than 30 percentage it is toxic epidermolysis necrosis. So that is a severe form of Stephens-Johnson syndrome. So basically what happens in this is there is a death of keratinocytes which causes separation of dermis from epidermis that is why the skin changes are seen. The keratinocytes which connects the dermis and epidermis is dying of then there is a separation of dermis from epidermis and what are the complications associated with Stephens-Johnson syndrome. So the complication includes esophageal strictures, renal failure, respiratory failure and also there might be scarring and deformity of face. So the esophageal strictures, renal failure and respiratory failure on extensive cases and also scarring and deformity due to this particular skin lesion. And regarding the investigations there is no laboratory studies other than biopsy exist which can aid the doctor in establishing the diagnosis. Basically the skin biopsy is a definitive diagnosis because we can see that bulle are sub epidermal and epidermal cell necrosis may be noted. So these are the pathological features and while coming to the treatment and management basically only symptomatic treatment is possible. So it is mostly dealt just like how it is in the extensive burns. So it is almost like an extensive burn case but the cause is little different. So that's all about Stephens-Johnson syndrome. It is an immune complex mediator disease which is an extreme form of erythema multiforma. So etiology could be infections and drugs and idiopathic nature and it involves skin and mucus membranes of various organs like oral cavity, nasal cavity, eye gastrointestinal and respiratory tract and it is associated with toxic epidermalysis necrosis if it is greater than 30 percentage and there is a death of keratinocytes that is why this is separated that's dermis and epidermis and the complications and treatment. So now let's move on to the papillone-leve syndrome. It is also known as parmoplantar keratoderma with periodontitis. So as the name suggests it has involvement of keratinization on palms and plantar region and also it associated with severe bone destruction that is the alveolar bone. So we can say that it is a disease with periodontitis and keratinization in the palms and plantar region. So it is a autosomal recessive region or recessive disorder. So it is an immune complex hypersensitivity. So when you are studying syndromes always study in 2 or 3 syndromes together. So you never get confused if you are studying one syndrome at a time the high chances of you mixing up the clinical features and the course with another one. So always study the syndromes 2 or 3 at a time that's why I am keeping the syndromes in a single board with 2 or 3 syndromes. So you always keep comparing the diseases and studying. So it will be in your memory for a very long time. So always compare and study not just one syndrome at a time. So 2 or 3 syndromes take at a time and study and compare the course, the clinical features, the manifestations and the treatment. So it will be very easy and it will be remembering for a very long time. So this is a autosomal recessive disorder and it is a disorder of keratinization. So what happens is there is a thickening of soles and palms. So severe keratinization causing thickening of soles and palms and also severe destruction of periodontal bone. So severe periodontitis is there. So while it is happening it is due to the mutation in cathepsine C gene. So that is a particular gene which is involved with this syndrome. So there is a mutation and causing this syndrome. So what are the clinical features? From the name itself you know that there is keratinization in palmar and plantar region and also periodontitis. So gingiva, stomatitis, periodontitis and swollen gingiva, extreme resorption of bone and deep pockets. So these are the periodontal manifestations. So thickening of soles of palm and plantar region. So the patient has premature loss of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth. So deciduous teeth it is exfoliated completely by the age of 10 to 12 years. That is a molars, deciduous molars replaced by primolars around 10 to 12 years. But in this case what happens is by age of 4 to 5 years complete tooth is lost. That is deciduous tooth is completely lost by age of 4 to 5 years. And if it is permanent teeth it could be completely gone by the age of 14 or 15 years. That is supposed to be for a lifetime it is completely lost because of severe periodontitis that is the extreme resorption of bone and deep pockets. So the teeth will be completely lost and the gingiva will back to its normal shape. So it is a very weird condition the loss of deciduous teeth. And skin lesions will be there white, brown, red or scaly in nature. So what happens is these types of lesions undergo crustacean cracking and deep fissuring. So the hand and foot region will undergo the crustacean cracking and deep fissuring. And also we can see follicular keratosis, hyperhidrosis, calcification of foccerbrae and choroid plexus. So these are the other features which is seen with this syndrome that is follicular keratosis, hyperhidrosis, calcification of foccerbrae and choroid plexus. So what are the histopathological features is hyperkeratosis, hypergrandelosis and acanthosis. So basically we treat this disease mainly we treat the periodontitis that is a infectious in nature that is scaling and root planning we can perform with antibiotics and retinoids and good oral hygiene by providing him continuous chloraxidine mouthwash. In case of unsavable tooth we can go for extraction and provide him a rehabilitation with removal dentures or complete dentures or even with implants. So that is about papillol leafy syndrome it is also known as parmo plantar keratoderma with periodontitis. So it is a autosomal recessive disorder of keratinization which causing tooth loss and parma and plantar keratinization that is papillol leafy syndrome Stephens Johnson syndrome is a different one it is also known as toxic epidermalysis necrosis or loyal disease in its severe form. Stephens Johnson syndrome is itself a severe expression of erythema multifirma so it starts with erythema multifirma then Stephens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermalysis necrosis the severity is increasing. So that's all about Stephens Johnson syndrome and papillol leafy syndrome so we have more syndromes coming up in the further sessions so so far we are covered Frey syndrome, Gorlin got syndrome, Plummer Winston syndrome and Downe syndrome Stephens Johnson and papillol leafy syndrome so few more syndromes are left so I'll come up with those syndromes in my next sessions. Thank you.


Hello, welcome to this market update from CMC Markets, the title of this video is four years when summer trading was not dull. The reason I'm highlighting this because sometimes that is with the perception that the big moves don't happen in the summer, markets can often be range bound, while that would probably be an ideal situation if you're a long-term investor, you don't want the volatility as a trader, the volatility that we have actually seen in the past few summers has been a real godsend. So I just wanted to highlight a few examples really, don't have to look too far back just this summer alone. Obviously we've had the EU referendums and been a very specific event risk there and it's caused some big moves in the UK 100 and the British Pound, I've got both of those on the screen here. These are weekly candlestick charts, but you can see obviously Sterling jumped up to 150, fell all the way down to 130 just in the month of June alone. You've been on holiday at the time though those moves would have been missed, equally in the FTSE 100 you can see in this weekly chart, this was the prior trading range, we obviously dropped down towards the bottom of the range, but we've since subsequently in the summer months broken out into a new uptrend in the UK 100. It seems like the lower liquidity just means there are fewer market participants with an opposing viewpoint to counteract these sunbursts of volatility, so the volatility itself often focuses the market attention on serious problems at hand. And so obviously in this case it was a Brexit, but then looking back into 2015 we had the burst of the Chinese stock market bubble, that caused the Shanghai Composite, the benchmark index from China to drop 30%, it took the delisting of half the companies on the index to actually stabilise those declines, but obviously that spread to other markets and again we can look at the FTSE 100 and see the declines we had last summer, this was as you can see on the screen there in August and in the two weeks during August the FTSE fell 15%, fell a thousand points, so a trend obviously you'd want to have done your best to take advantage of 2014 was the big moves in the US dollar and in oil, so you can see we've got the oil market on the screen here, you can see what kind of what happened here is that we're in a range but it was during June, July and August when we took out the 200 week moving average and from peak to trough from August through the end of the year in 2014 all prices dropped, the Brent crude price dropped over 50%, likewise if we look at this Euro chart you know we can see that during 2014 similar concept during the summer months dropped below its 200 day moving average and obviously went onto plummet about 3,000 pips, so a huge trend in the FX market. In 2011 you know you could say in 2012, 2013 there was just a strong uptrend in equity markets not the kind of massive shakeout you'd expect but still an uptrend taking place, in 2011 it was the European debt crisis really coming to a head and that was most evident in government bond markets, we saw the yield on Portuguese debt going up above 13% in Greek debt was almost 30% on the 10-year government bond, it was fairly unprecedented levels but also very much apparent in the Euro chart, you can see if we scroll back here it was during this period of time when we'd been in a bit of an uptrend higher but we took out the low here and during August plummeted from a peak of around 145 dropped about 1,300 pips down to 132 but then what was crazy trading at the time if you remember we just went right back up again almost taking out all the losses up to 142 so gained you know close to a thousand pips on the upside as well, so massive volatility again to be taking advantage of and so I think the conclusion that we can reach here is that you know when you're trading financial markets you want to take advantage of the big moves the last few summers have seen some big moves taking place across markets looking at this year the summer is almost over but certainly fears that the Fed may begin hiking rates, US elections, Chinese currency devaluation and Italian bank flare-up and Brexit all reasons that the markets could decide to pull the trigger collectively and we could see some bigger moves again so if you do see some important levels being taken out in the markets that you're trading don't assume that that move can't continue just because it's summer the last few years have suggested otherwise, right thank you very much for watching the video, good luck with the trading for the road of the week, Jasper all are signing out


Hey everyone, welcome back to another counter side video. So today's video, we are going to be taking a look at moderator type A, how to defeat the boss and what is the sequence that you have to perform in order to eliminate the boss. Okay, let's check out the environment for this boss. So for this time around, Mechs, no-no for this boss, a defense of minus 60%. And a buff actually for police what for units, attack plus 100 HP and skill haste plus 50%. So one that I can recall is going to be Kang So-Yung and Lee-Umi, but definitely you can actually explore the possibility of bringing in Lee-Umi with this team comp. Okay guys, so here is the team comp that I brought to this boss. So I brought in Gayun, Young Harim, Kyle Wong, and Shinja. Most of them are actually staples already in this boss. Then for Rosaria, you can swap her out for Kim So-Bin, Nannahara Chifuyu, you can probably also swap her out for Nannahara Chinatsu for additional healing and damage reduction. Then you also have Seiyun here and Hilda is going to be here. You can actually substitute her with Lee-Umi because she has a buff for this boss right now. So this is actually the team that I have guys. And let's take a look at the gear that I used on them. Okay, so let's take a look at Hilda first. So for Hilda, the recommendation would be a full HP, so two HP pairs. Actually, I did a mistake with Hilda when I was able to do that stage. You'll be surprised later. I didn't bring this gear. This was supposed to be the one that you should bring, but again, you'll be surprised at the end. Okay, for Nannahara Chifuyu, this is actually my regular gear for her evasion and attack set. Then let's go to our rangers. Okay, so for Seiyun, what I did was I brought attack speed. An option for her as well is going to be skill cooldown. Chinja, this is the one that I changed for her gear. She's in all CDR set. Kyle Wong is also in CDR set, so actually got this set from my Ayuna. Rosaria for attack speed. I usually have her attack speed even in PVP. Okay, the last gear would be for Young Harim. Okay, I'm sorry that there's a blank here. I actually swapped her gear out already. Let's take a look at her preset. I'm sure she is... There you go. So that's it. So for Young Harim, it's going to be CDR set as well. So let's take a look at the actual match that I had with the boss. And I'll break it down for you guys step by step on what you should do each step of the way. Okay, guys, so I pre-recorded the match already, so let's try to break down what I did. There are a couple of points wherein you have to do something right there and then, especially right now. So right now at 2.58 or 2.57, you're going to deploy your unit. So the goal is actually to be able to deal damage fast because again, if you don't, what do you call this, the boss will have a time check and if you fail the time check, he would shoot everyone with a beam of laser. So I usually deploy here Geyun and Young Harim to start. The next I think that I would deploy would be Kyle Wong and Shinja. So also make sure that your ultimate skill auto is actually off as well. So let's proceed with this match. So there you go. So we passed the first time check. Then there's a next one, guys. There's a next time check. So it's going to be here. So once this line of notice pops out, you should be able to use your first skill for the ship, which is actually Enterprise. Actually, it's not here anymore because I already have it on the ready. So Moderator's Attack speed increases, its smoke screen continuously decreases hit. So again, you have to do the skill one for your ship, which is the orange one here. So let's pass another check so that he may not unleash that beam for all your team. Then once he passes through, you should be able to deploy your defender.  So again, this is your cue again for this boss. Let's proceed with playing. So again, click the ultimate. Everybody's doing their ultimate to deal as much damage on the rear of the boss because dealing damage in the rear actually deals more damage. Then at this time, we're going to deploy again. As you can see here, I deployed the first skill again as soon as the cooldown is actually full. Then you redeploy it as soon as possible and you activate it. That is why it is already here. So as you can see, skill one of the ship is actually deployed again. And pretty much this is going to be a good match already. My problem here, guys, is if you can see, take a look at Kilda on your left side. I didn't equip her that much with HP and I was actually nearing victory. But again, she died. She didn't hold it. That is why I lost and I actually forgot to pause and abort this mission. But again, if you have held it at all HP, I don't think it would be a problem. Actually, it was my fault that I didn't swap out her previous gear with the required gear for this boss. Okay, guys, so basically that is it for this boss. I'll probably have another run at this boss within the week as soon as I'm done with moderator type B, which I will do tomorrow. I'll go back to type A and clear this thing. At least I know now the sequence. So you guys, take note of the sequence. Be very, very precise when you deploy things so that you can easily clear this stage. Okay, and also don't forget your gear, guys. Anyway, thank you so much, guys, for staying this far in this video. Also, please consider subscribing and don't forget to click that bell icon once you subscribe and put a like to this video. Thank you, guys. Stay safe. Take care. This is The Warden and I'm out of here.


I think the scholarship is going to help my career very, very positively. I've been able to do research as part of my course at Melbourne Uni and that is definitely going to help me progress in my career because there's a dearth of research in Pakistan and there's a lot of need and I'm going back with this skill and experience. The scholarship has helped me attain a master's degree and this will be really useful in progressing to the next level of my career. An Australian degree will help me advance in my career. It will establish my credentials on regional affairs and especially in journalism.


Welcome back to my channel and welcome if you're new here I have a two maybe three part video series that I wanted to do and this is talking about What are some good clean healthy options to pick up from your local trader Joe's store? Once I started doing the research for this video I realized that there are a ton of products in trader Joe's that are good clean eating options So I decided that because of the quantity of items that I had I wanted to divide this series up into at least two and again maybe three videos So today I'm going to share with you some of your grocery pantry Refrigerator type of essentials from trader Joe's that are based on clean eating I wanted to share this with you first just due to everything going on in our world if you can at least get to trader Joe's and stock up on these items Most of these items are shelf stable and if they are refrigerated items They last quite a while in the refrigerator So they're good options for you to have on hand when you can't get to the grocery store as regular as normal So today I'm going to talk all things pantry shelf stable and refrigerator trader Joe's items that are clean eating and Awesome for you to add to your next grocery list. So let's jump right in All grain crisp bread I will be inserting pictures for you guys of the items that way It's easy for you to find the next time that you head over to trader Joe's So this crisp bread is basically a seed bread So it's full of really good whole food ingredients great to top with cheese Hummus you could dip this you could even make avocado toast using this as your base in lieu of bread But it's a great option that you can just throw in your pantry and have on hand You could even add some nut butter if you wanted to make a peanut butter sandwich with the crisp bread So again, it's a great pantry staple also trader Joe's has a fantastic organic turkey breast over by their meats and cheeses Literally this meat is meat and salt. There is nothing added to this It does have a pretty long Refrigerator life and it's really really delicious. So again, you can use this for sandwiches breakfast or lunch you could even roll this up with some string cheese and make yourself a Turkey roll-up lots of options and again, it has quite the refrigerator shelf life also from trader Joe's is their organic applesauce I find this applesauce to be amazing. It has great texture and flavor It's organic and it's super affordable and you know We substitute applesauce and a lot of baking recipes plus at zero smart points on all plants So you could even have it as a fruit option if finding good in season fresh fruit is rough for you Applesauce is a great option Also trader Joe's sells ghee it is not organic grass-fed So it's not necessarily the best option for ghee, but if you're already at trader Joe's It's a good option to pick up and it's their clarified butter It's a great choice for frying or cooking things in they also have organic olive oil at trader Joe's Which is great. It's organic. It's olive oil and then they also carry the chosen foods avocado oil So you can basically stock up on those three main oils at trader Joe's for really affordable prices Now I will let you know that if you are a Costco member Costco sells these chosen foods avocado oil for a steal of a price It's about four times the size of the trader Joe's bottle and it's only a couple of dollars more But again, if you're already out and you're at trader Joe's It's a great option to have on hand and that's the chosen foods avocado oil Almond flour is another great choice from trader Joe's again Your price at Costco is going to be a little bit better But again, you're already there go ahead and pick up their unblanched almond flour and they also sell Coconut flour so you have a couple of nut flour options available at your local trader Joe's store Unfortunately, they don't sell organic rolled oats and I always say buy your oats organic because they're heavily heavily sprayed with glycosate Which is the active ingredient and roundup So oats are one of those things you really just want to buy organic and again They don't have rolled oats the thrive market though does sell organic rolled oats And there's a link down below for free product when you join the thrive market free shipping free goodies with your order You guys know I love the thrive. That's where I actually buy my organic rolled oats But trader Joe's does sell organic quick cook cook steel cut oats That's a mouthful. So they do sell that so it's a great option while you're there and steel cut oats are in their most natural Form of the oat and these being organic is great because you're taking out all of those extra pesticide There's a couple of great pasta options at trader Joe's as well. One is their organic black bean Routini so those of you on the purple plan all of these pastas I'm going to share with you are zero smart points if you're looking for just a whole organic Ingredient pasta the black bean pasta is a great option They also have a red lentil and quinoa spaghetti Which is another great option for you to have on hand and lastly trader Joe's does sell a couple of organic quinoa's They have organic red quinoa and organic Tri-color quinoa so a couple of quinoa options again all of these pastas and quinoa are zero points on purple and they're really really good Smart points on both blue and green and their shelf stable You can have them in your pantry for a quick easy dinner add some sauce some protein some veggies and you have dinner I always buy my coconut aminos from trader Joe's because they are absolutely affordable They're organic and coconut aminos are a healthier substitution for soy sauce Usually a little bit goes a long way so you can even get more out of your bottle of the coconut Aminos and use less and therefore reduce your sodium in your dishes that call for soy sauce So best price I found for coconut aminos is that trader Joe's also? They sell my favorite chicken broth and that is their organic free-range chicken broth great ingredients Really thick hearty broth that has that nice yellow color So you're no you know you're getting a good quality chicken broth and it's less than two dollars a box It's organic. It's free range. It's a win another thing. I generally pick up is the organic coconut cream This is essentially coconut milk in a can which is great for baking It's excellent to add to smoothies or quinoa bowls to make it nice and creamy They do also have a light version of their coconut cream, but it's the best price less than two dollars a can It's organic and it really is absolutely delicious I also pick up my baking powder and baking soda from trader Joe's 99 cents a can and it has that lid on it So it lasts forever in the pantry make sure you watch your expiration dates of these two items because once they reach and Surpass that expiration date. They don't have that same leveling power as they do a fresh So every couple months. I just pick up a new fresh baking powder and baking soda Canned tuna and salmon are another couple of great options at trader Joe's super shelf stable They have albacore tuna and I have canned salmon great to make tuna salad salmon salad You can even make salmon patties out of the canned salmon and again It's not something you have to worry about buying fresh putting in the refrigerator freezing going bad It's all in the can so it's super easy and great prices at trader Joe's I also always pick up the jar of colomata olives from trader Joe's again Fantastic price and these are nice to add to pretty much anything you can add these to your pasta salads pasta dishes You can put them on salad you can eat them right out of the jar and they're a great price I also always buy my organic coconut flakes for my smoothie bowls at trader Joe's Less than two dollars a bag and they are the perfect size of flakes I usually add half a tablespoon to a tablespoon again to a smoothie bowl You can even top a smoothie with it to give that little bite of coconut And actually it's really good for you because it's literally just coconut that is dried There's no added sugar or sweeteners another staple from trader Joe's are canned beans I buy all my beans from trader Joe's if I don't have them in stock from the Thrive market black beans Cannellini beans garbanzo beans kidney beans you name it they have it and generally for organic beans They're only 99 cents a can you always want to buy your beans or your legumes organic because again They're heavily sprayed with chemicals and glyphosate again that active ingredient and roundout you guys know I love the sprouted sour dough bread this bread is so hearty and it packs Seven grams of protein per slice and it's only two smart points to smart points for seven grams of protein in bread is Excellent. It's sprouted. I just stored in my freezer and I pop out a slicer to whenever I'm looking to make avocado toast Toast or a sandwich and it's extremely affordable It's a good replacement for a z-keel bread and it costs about half Maybe a third of what the z-keel bread costs great option at trader Joe's if you're a tahini lover Trader Joe's sells an organic tahini that is great in price It is such a great price for tahini tahini is used in so many recipes You can make dressings out of it me so soup you name it you can pick it up at trader Joe's another thing I love Just that comfort food is a grilled cheese sandwich on some of that trader Joe's sprouted bread and pair that with their Organic roasted red pepper soup this comes in a carton similar to like a chicken or a beef broth This soup is amazing. The flavor is on point. It's thick It's absolutely delicious and again you can store it in your pantry and then serve it up with an amazing grilled cheese for dinner I also buy my nutritional yeast at trader Joe's if you don't know what nutritional yeast is basically they call it vegan Parmesan so it's a flake that has a little bit of cheese taste So it's great to put on anything you would put parmesan on so I like to put it on salads It's really good on top of vegetables just to add that kind of cheesiness to your vegetables Nutritional yeast is really really good for you and the price at trader Joe's is awesome It comes in a resealable bag So you just throw it in your pantry and use it as desired as you know I buy most of my produce from trader Joe's because they have the best selection of organic produce and it's so incredibly affordable I buy all my bags salads there pretty much most of my produce comes from trader Joe's So highly recommend that if you have one in your area that you pick up your organic produce there Everything from potatoes to salad mixes you name it. They have it and it's a great option and super affordable Also in the produce section you're gonna find hickama sticks these have become one of my favorite things So hickama is kind of in resemblance of a potato, but kind of sweet So these sticks they have that starchy crunchy texture of a raw potato, but they're really sweet I love to dip these in hummus. You can put them in dressing. I mean that you can eat them all by themselves They're really really good. They're crunchy and sweet and very good for you They come in a little plastic container with a lid So they last quite a while in the refrigerator again Their produce cannot be beat at trader Joe's especially if you're in the market for organic a few snack ideas I just wanted to pop in a few snack items because We're all snacking right now since we're stuck at home First off trader Joe's sells grass-fed beef sticks. They sell chomp sticks. They have beef. They have turkey I know that the turkey chomp stick I want to say for a big stick is like one to two smart points This is a great snack option something you can keep in your purse keeping your car always have on hand Super low in smart points packed with protein and a great price at trader Joe's also they sell organic beef jerky So if you're a jerky fan, they have tons of options at trader Joe's again Such a great healthy option for a snack. You know, I love the lundberg brown rice cakes. I love these Excellent ingredients. I no longer eat any type of rice cake just due to the ingredients and it being more of a processed rice or GMO rice So these lundberg organic brown rice cakes are so good My favorite thing in the world to have on these is one tablespoon of peanut butter And then I top it with a few raisins like these big juicy thompson raisins or golden raisins Ha so delicious and the whole snack is four smart points I don't count raisins as you know, I don't count dried fruit Especially if it's unsweetened because I'm only using maybe five raisins on my rice cake So it's a four smart point snack packed with protein whole food Highly recommend these rice cakes if you are someone that traditionally likes to have rice cakes on hand This is a clean healthy option. Now this next item These are so good. I can't buy these. I cannot have these in my house because I literally will eat the entire bag I'm not even joking. They're that good. These are the organic corn dippers So these are like a super sized frito. They're big. They're crunchy. Oh my gosh. They're so Delicious now. I will say that they are made with a sunflower oil Which is not expeller press so not the best oil But overall being organic at least they're not using gmo corn. They're using a non gmo corn They're really really good So if you're looking for a corn chip for dips or parties or events Or maybe to have with your family one night for dinner, this is a great option Again, the only thing I don't love is that they're using non expeller press sunflower oil So speaking of peanut butter, they have a great selection Of all types of nut butters several organic I generally only buy the organic versions of peanut butter almond butter. They have sunflower butter cashew butter You name it. They have it at trader joe's lots of great options The most important thing if you're not really particular on buying your nut butters organic Is to look at the ingredient label and make sure that there's no added oil So nothing like soybean oil or palm oil or vegetable oil and also make sure that there's no added sugar So you should only see one to two ingredients on the back of your nut butter the nut and maybe some salt So there are several great options at trader joe's I generally buy my nut butter at costco because it's a little bit more affordable But again, we're at trader joe's already so it's a great time to stock up on nut butters and they're super self shelf stable Some of them require you to refrigerate them after opening, but they literally last months and months There's two great popcorn options as well First is your traditional kernels organic popping a corn. I love that. This is organic You guys have to remember that if it's not it's gmo So we want to make sure that we're buying our popcorn organic So this is a great option for seeds now popcorn is zero smart points on purple if you pop it yourself You can add a ton of things to jazz up your popped corn. I will tell you one thing that's fantastic Is nutritional yeast so it makes it like a cheesy popcorn So if I do pop my own I'll spray it with a little bit of my chosen foods avocado oil spray And I'll toss in some nutritional yeast mix it all up and I have cheesy whole clean food popcorn And lastly the other popcorn option is their organic olive oil popcorn. I've hauled this several times I love this popcorn. It is so good. It is popped in olive oil Best of the best for oils with popcorn. It's literally popcorn olive oil in salt and it's so good The popcorn is nice and crunchy. It's got just the right amount of salt. I love it You can have a ton for four to five smart points So it's a great option for popcorn And if you are on purple you do have to count points for this one because it's popped in oil But for those of us on blue green or even purple, it's a clean popcorn and I'm telling you it's absolutely delicious In the last category of things that Trader Joe's that are great in your pantry are dried fruits and nuts Now I want to preface this with I do not count points for dried fruit as long as there's no added sugar I tend to not overeat that so I'm eating the same amount of dried fruit as I would regular fruit And I usually drink water to kind of rehydrate that dried fruit as I eat it Now if you want to count dried fruit by all means count dried fruit But I just wanted to put that out there before we get into the dried fruit and nut options at Trader Joe's I love their golden raisins. They're so good Again, I like to pair these with my rice cake and nut butter It just adds that perfect combination of sweet and salty and as you know, I also buy their dried being cherries These I love for baking and I also love to top salads with these. They're big juicy dried cherries They're so good. You literally put five or six on your salad and it's a great sub for those oil Not so great ingredient craze in and it's so good. Oh my gosh. I love it on salad, especially They also sell dried mango that has nothing added to it This is another great option if you're wanting a sweet snack This dried mango is an excellent choice because there's no added sugar. So for me, it's zero smart points I usually have one to two slices of the mango and it just satisfies that sweet craving It's really absolutely delicious and they also now have an organic dried mango fruit bar So this kind of resembles Fruit roll-ups remember those as kids and again I would count this as zero points because all it is is mango dried pressed into a bar form But this is a great option to have in your purse when you're just needing a snack It's a wholesome organic mango snack. You can leave these into your car They're great in your kids lunches or for lunch for yourself Really really good option for dried fruit Trader Joe's also has a couple of freeze dried options blueberries And raspberries both are delicious. Again, I don't count points for freeze dried fruit either I generally don't just eat this as a snack. I like to put freeze dried fruit on my smoothie bowls But again, you can just eat it right out of the bag But just make sure you're drinking some water with it to kind of rehydrate that fruit But it's a great option. It's shelf stable car stable purse stable Again, it's great just to have on hand if you need a snack And it's better than going through your local dried fruit for a snack And again dried fruit for me is zero points. Speaking of fruit I want to talk about a fruit spread that Trader Joe's sells as well This is their organic super fruit or fruit spread generally. I see strawberry. This is a great jam option I don't eat sugar free as you know So this is a great option if you are a jelly or a jam lover It's way less sugar than traditional jam. It's really delicious And it tastes literally like you crushed up a strawberry or a piece of fruit and spread it on your toes So it's an excellent option. And again, if you're trying to stay away from sugar free, this is a pretty point doable option for jam or jelly Trader Joe's also has a great price on dates Now dates are great to add as your sweetener to baked goods So you can crush those up in a food processor Mash them up and it makes a great sweetener and baked goods One of my other favorite things to do with dates is to split it open and fill it with some nut butter Oh my gosh, you guys, it's such a great combination. Again, that salty sweet Now dates are pretty point heavy on w w This is kind of a great area whether you count these or not because there's no added sugar Now if i'm using them to bake, I generally count them because i'm using a decent amount But if i'm just eating a date filled with nut butter, I don't count the date I only count the nut butter. Maybe i'm a rebel. I don't know. That's just how I choose to work the program Again, as always you count it if that makes you Feel a little bit more confident in your program. And lastly are a couple of nut options They have raw pumpkin seeds, which are a great nut choice. You can use these in baking You guys know I top my smoothie bowls with these all the time They're great just to reach in and grab and eat as a snack And they also have walnut halves and pieces walnuts are such a heart Healthy nut again great to have in the morning if you're going to maybe make some eggs have a couple Points worth of walnuts. It's great for your heart. They taste delicious. And of course, they're excellent in baking I'd like to add walnuts or nuts to yogurt as well That's another thing just to stir them in and give them a little added boost But nuts are great on w w if you just watch your portion size My favorite nuts from trader joes again are the raw pumpkin seeds and this walnut blend But they sell everything cashews almonds you name it They've got it at trader joes and as far as price goes affordable Now, of course, casco is going to be even more affordable But if you're at trader joes and you need to pick up some nuts, it's a great price there as well All right, my friends, that is everything trader joes clean eating got to have it in your pantry and refrigerator Staples I hope that I shared with you some great options that you can add to your next grocery list for your next trip to trader joes I love trader joes.  If you're new to my channel, welcome I'd love for you to stick around. I have a w w channel where I share recipes grocery hauls weigh in Some of my favorite things like staples on the clean eating I do follow a clean approach to the w w program and I am on the blue plan So essentially I try to eat as clean as possible I follow about the 90 10 rule because let's be real. You can't eat 100 clean 100 of the time I like to get myself just a little bit of grace and eat about the 90 10 rule Make sure you're subscribed and if you would hit that little bell So you're notified whenever a new video is uploaded. You don't want to miss out Give this one a big thumbs up if you love trader joes and these haul ideas And of course comment down below Let me know what did I share with you today that maybe you didn't think about purchasing at trader joes That you're going to add to your next grocery list. Thank you guys so much for watching I hope you're doing well hanging in there and staying safe and I'll see you in my next video. Bye friends


at the time he was on the pitch I think I would give him like a six or a seven, didn't impact the game too much what I saw the flashes of a quality player. I have been following my child and actually didn't know too much that he was going to play for Jamaica up until I actually just heard about him as a quality player. So I think at that age I think if Jamaica continued to groom him properly I think that he can have a big impact for us in the midfield. You just suggested a few minutes ago that when the score was 2-1 Jamaica looked a little bit vulnerable. Assess Grenada for me because I at that point I agree with you. I think at 2-1 Grenada looked as if they could have gotten back into the game fully. They had chances to score and didn't. How do you think the Grenadians did? I think Grenada played much better than I expected and I assume many Jamaicans would have expected them to play as well because I think for some reason Jamaican fans have a superiority and an insuperior complex.


I'm Lee and I'm from Vietnam. What are you studying at school? I'm studying English at school. English? English, okay. Avi was asking, do you have a lot of homework? A lot of schoolwork to do? Yes, it's homework. I think someone else is going to get on here now. I'm the first person who called for you. This is great. We are in the same room. In the dormitory. Oh, you're calling from your dorm? We have eight people in the same room. Eight people? Why do you show super-right? How many more are there? Can you get all eight in the picture? We have eight people. However, today we have only four. Because the others, they go to their hometown.


This course or the title of this course is Introduction to Flight and in general flight cannot take place unless we have an atmosphere. So therefore it is very important for us to study the atmosphere in which flight takes place especially at the altitude at which the aircraft flies. So I introduced you to this yesterday, are you the class of it? So this 4 hours LS7 is done, he is the one who has made this presentation. So the layout of presentation is to first give you an idea about the atmosphere around the earth we then talk about some standards. There are various standard atmospheres. And then when you talk about aerospace engineering or in general aviation, it is interesting that there are many, many different altitude data required. So we will see all the different altitude. We then go ahead, pretty good of calculations. Look at two molecular equations that help us capture the essence of the atmosphere. And then some operational information which is not available in textbooks. So easily. And finally we have some idea about how weather around the atmosphere that we live in strongly affects the operation of the aircraft. The nature of the presentation that I have made is such that it is not easy to get this information from textbooks. So as part of your self-study, you are expected to go through the standard textbook, the book by Anderson which has a chapter on atmosphere. But the best book available today in aerospace engineering to study atmosphere is written by the first head of department of aerospace engineering from IIT Bombay, professor SK Oja. His book has been published by AIAA, American Institute of Renaissance and Astronautics and it is a best-seller book. And that book is the best book for studying about atmosphere. We have copies of the book available in departmental library as well as in the institute library. So I will urge you to refer to that book after you see this presentation. The presentation alone will not allow or not enable you to completely understand. This is just like an initial material. So let us see how it looks like. So essentially our atmosphere is in separate layers. But these layers are not homogeneous all over the earth. There is no line there which says above this is mesosphere and below this is stratosphere. This is just a general demarcation. But the properties of the air are quite different in these individual layers. So to understand what these layers are and to understand what the specialities are, I thought I will just screen a video. So we live on earth because of atmosphere because it contains oxygen that we need. If we don't have that atmosphere we cannot live. The bottom most layer is troposphere because of the mixing of the air. There is heat transfer and hence temperature falls with altitude. So as we go up the troposphere temperature will reduce and reduce linearly. The next level is stratosphere. Here the opposite happens and the reason for that is ozone. Ozone layer that is present in stratosphere is the reason for this heating up because ozone absorbs the heat and also it retains it. Above that we have mesosphere. So mesosphere once again you come up with mixing like we have in the troposphere. So now the temperature is going to change. But it is the coldest area in the atmosphere normally. You can have up to minus 90 degrees centigrade. And fortunately this is a place where meteors are normally consumed otherwise they would be hitting us regularly. The next one is thermosphere. By the name thermo it means hot or heat. Temperatures in thermosphere can be as high as 1500 degrees Celsius. So imagine from minus 90 to 1500 degrees in a very small height. Because a very small change in the energy as you can see can cause a change in the temperature. So this is the place where most of the items will melt. So when spacecraft enter the earth this is where normally they get melted or consumed. But some of them are able to still go through because the layer is quite thin. And then we have the ionosphere where the air is an ionospheric particle. These are charged particles. And because they are charged particles it is very difficult to find the distinguishing. Outside that is exosphere and then it goes up to outer space. So demarcation is not really possible. So summing up atmosphere is a blanket of air that surrounds the earth and it supports life on earth. Predominantly the atmosphere that we live in that is the troposphere contains oxygen around one-fifth, nitrogen around three-fifths and then everything else. Let us look at generally aerospace vehicles. There are two basic kinds. One kind is the vehicles that operate in our atmosphere. Atmosphere as we know. And this atmosphere basically is the lower atmosphere. So there could be helicopters, there could be fixed wing aircraft and there could be helicopters carrying aircraft. In the outer space beyond about 100 kilometers we start looking at space vehicles. So broadly speaking up to 100 kilometers from earth broadly speaking could be considered as part of the atmosphere. Although aircraft never fly beyond 2022 kilometers except for a few exceptions. So can you tell me which are the aircraft that have flown beyond 20 kilometer altitude? Raise your hands if you know the answer. Yes. MiG-25. Yes. I am sure you know it because of your experience in the armed forces and what else. So where are you from? Are you from the Indian Air Force? Good. So MiG-25 is one example. Up to what height does it fly? 25 kilometers. Okay. Anything? Yes. What height does it fly? 65,000 feet or so. That is right. U-2 reconnaissance aircraft also. Okay. And any other aircraft that you know? How about Concorde? The Concorde also flies at a height of around 60,000 feet or I should say used to fly. It does not fly anymore. But for these exceptions everyone is generally below around 15 kilometers. 12, 13 kilometers. Okay. That is the reason for that which we will understand when we go to lecture down the line. So our concern is basically about atmospheric vehicles. We study these vehicles because we need to study and design and study the performance of this space vehicle. Okay. So that is why although we live only in the atmosphere which is below us we actually have to be concerned about the vehicles that fly both within our atmosphere and also vehicles which go into deep space. Okay. All right. So the question is there is something called as the international standard atmosphere. We have to understand what is the need for us to define an atmosphere like this. Remember I mentioned to you that the atmosphere does not have that beautiful layer structure that I showed you in the slide. It is only a representation of the average values. So the aerospace community follows a standard atmosphere internationally and therefore it is called as the ISA. Okay. Now when we design aerospace vehicles our task is to also determine their performance and capability. And you know that the performance of an aircraft will change if you look at a different atmosphere. So an aircraft that flies at some Mach number in an atmosphere where temperature is say 10 degrees centigrade will not have the same performance when temperature is 20 degrees centigrade. So the same aircraft in Russia and in India will not have the same performance. Okay. I told this because when I did the performance calculation for MiG-27 I found that MiG-27 can fly up to Mach number 1.7 at a height of 10 kilometers when it is flown in Russia. But in India in Nasik we were never able to get Mach number 1.7 and initially there was a conflict with the customer saying that your aircraft is deficient. The manual says Mach 1.7 clean that means without any arm movement. And your flight testing only shows lesser Mach number. So we were able to convince by calculations that the difference is because of atmosphere and atmosphere in Siberia at 10 kilometers is different from that in India. And hence the performance of the aircraft can change. Okay. So if you do not do normalization then you have these problems. Okay. So when we do simulation analysis etc. We need some kind of a normalization and we want to relate these three things. Flight test happens in a real atmosphere. Winter tunnel test happens in the laboratory or in the test area in a different atmosphere and the aircraft performance and design is quoted in the manual for some other conditions. So to have a match between them or to have a common reference all data is reduced to the ISA conditions so that there is uniformity. Okay. And the reason for that is the properties of the atmosphere are not constant. They are different from place to place country to country season to season in the same place. Okay. So what to do to handle these problems? The solution is to create something hypothetical with everybody has to follow and that hypothetical atmosphere is called as the international standard atmosphere. It is absolutely hypothetical. There may not be any place in the world where the temperature profile may follow what is given in ISA. There may not be and there need not be as long as you understand and you know what the variation is expected to be as long as I understand and they understand we are on the same page. So for uniformity across the board we define a theoretical atmosphere. Now many people say that the ISA is modeled around the temperature in northern America. Somewhat true but not exactly true. Okay. Right. So now we come to the altitudes. Interestingly altitude when I say you may say okay there is only one altitude but I will show you in aerospace there are actually 6 altitudes which are defined. Okay. And today what we will do is we will look only at the 3 altitudes depending on whom you ask the air traffic controller, the pilot, the person on the ground, the meteorologist, the aircraft designer, the performance engineer. There could be different answers for the altitude. So what we will do is these 3 the first 3 these are the ones we will study now. Geometric, absolute and geo potential. We try to understand the difference and these 3 we will do it later because these 3 actually come from only the operational point of view. They do not come from the theoretical calculation point of view. Pressure, altitude and the temperature altitude and density altitude are actually relevant only when you do flight testing or operations. So we will come to that later. First let us do the simple theoretical part. Okay. Right. Now the altitude that the pilot reads is called as the indicated altitude. Okay. It may not be the true altitude or the correct altitude because the instrument can have errors. Right. Any instrument which works on a sensor can have errors. So the altitude that the pilot reads may not be the correct altitude. For all you know, the pilot may read 0 altitude at 10 kilometers because the altimeter is jammed. It happens sometime. Okay. So let us start. The first altitude is the true altitude or the actual altitude or the geometric altitude. And that is there is a theoretical place called as mean sea level. Again it is theoretical because even the sea level is different at different places. So you do not have only one uniform sea in the world. But we have defined one mean sea level. The mean sea level at Amsterdam is different from the mean sea level at Mumbai. But okay, at Mumbai there is a mean sea level from that height at what height you are operating that is the geometric altitude or true altitude. So this altitude is the one that we most commonly refer. When I say an aircraft is cruising at an altitude of 10 kilometers. If I do not say anything else, I mean this altitude. So this is the most basic one. If no information is given, assume this is the information. Yes. Very good question. We will answer this question when we come to those Q values. That is the exact purpose of this question. The mean sea level is different. So you may take off from 0 height of 1000 meters above mean sea level in Mumbai. And you may come to some height and then the height may be 200 meters above mean sea level. Because the sea has gone down. So to answer this question, I will come to the Q value. Very good question. Okay. Any other question if you have like this, I will be very happy. All right. So this is the simplest one. Yes. That is another interesting question. Even the mean sea level may change from season to season at a simple place. Okay. So what we do is we define one particular average value for the mean sea level at that time with plus or minus some values. And that, so once that number is decided, it is communicated. For example, Mumbai, it is 14 meters above mean sea level. It does not mean that always it is 14 meters during high tide, during low tide, during some seasonal thing, it can change. But the average is 14 meters above mean sea level. The interesting thing is if all the users are following the same reference, then there is no confusion. If my altimeter is set to Mumbai as 14 meters at sea level and you are the air traffic controller and your instrument also is set to the same value, when we talk, if our reference is same, there is no doubt. Okay. It may actually be at some level. How does it matter? Both of us know that it is at this. The problem is when you talk of mean sea level from something and I talk from something and that is how confusions come. I will talk about it when we come later on. Then when we have one more altimeter called absolute altitude. So now we say that the earth also has got its own curvature and radius. As you know, earth is oblate spheroid, not even symmetric. So to avoid confusion and when we look at operation of spacecraft or high altitude vehicles much, much beyond aircraft, then we define something called as an absolute altitude which is equal to the height above the surface of the earth. Now there is no sea level. It is the surface of the earth plus the radius of the earth at that point. So it is HA absolute altitude. Obviously this is used mainly when you are interested in looking at, you know, when you want to look at the absolute value. And the third one is very interesting. This is geopotential altitude because even the value of G that is the acceleration due to gravity, it does not remain the same in the entire space. So up to 10, 12 kilometers there may be hardly any variation so you can ignore. But when you look at spacecraft going to Mars or outside then there is a huge change. So when you look at the variation of the gravity into consideration, okay, then you define something called as H geopotential which is equal to radius of the earth R into the height above the ground divided by the absolute altitude R plus Hg, okay. So this way we take care of the value of G where G is taken care in the calculations, okay. So this is only in the case of space vehicle. We never normally bother about these. We do not worry about these for the atmospheric vehicle, okay. So why is it so that the geopotential altitude is of consequence only in the case of space vehicles and not in the case of other vehicles. We do not want to answer this question. We want to give this as a question where you can post it in Moodle, okay. So I am expecting some people to post the answer in Moodle. Start a new discussion saying why is geopotential altitude not considered for aircraft vehicles in general. Quote your answer and mention your source. We are not looking at opinions. We are looking at reliable information, alright. We proceed now to some simple mathematical calculation about the properties of the atmosphere and to do that we use what is called as the hydrostatic equation, okay. So this is our atmosphere. This is the typical variation of atmosphere. So assume that at some place in the atmosphere it may not be only stratosphere. It could be anywhere. Just look at some focus at some particular place. Look at a small element and now let us assume that this element is at rest, okay. We are ignoring the effect of wind, etc. We are saying that because of the temperature variations with the altitude under no wind condition there is a small element of fluid which is at rest. So just zoom into that particular element and now for simplicity you can assume, not necessarily but you can assume that this is now a cube of unit dimension. Unit dimension will be only the bottom. The height is not unit. The height is some dHg, a small value dHg. Now because this particular now we assume that there is a variation in the pressure from bottom to top. So we assume that the pressure acting on the bottom surface is P and the pressure acting at top surface would be that P plus some delta P. It could be positive. It could be negative. We do not know. Under all conditions this element is still at rest. If it is moving up or down left or right then it is not valid because then you have to bring in f is equal to ma and invoke the dynamics of this particle which is what we do when we study the properties of atmosphere in the dynamic mode. But that is beyond the scope of this course. So right now our chap is stationary. So the force acting on the bottom is the pressure into the area. So if you balance the forces we will get that the bottom pressure P is equal to P plus dP from the top plus the mass of this particular element which will be rho into g into dHg and because it is stationary they are equal. So using this you can get very easily that dP is equal to minus rho dHg. Therefore if the height change is positive, if Hg is positive pressure is reducing. Now does this consider is it true for any altitude? What do you say? Is this formula true for any altitude in the atmosphere? Do you agree? No. So where is it not valid? If I assume that there is a fluid particle at rest at any point then is this formula only for stratosphere or ionosphere or mesosphere. So now if you say that this formula is true only in those conditions where g is assumed constant I accept it. So let us assume that g is constant because we are not talking about outer space. Let us say can we say that at least up to exosphere it is constant. What happens above that we do not know because the g is changing. So if you assume g to be constant what about rho the density? The density of the air let it change. The value of dP will be numerically different depending on density. So it does not there is no restriction on this formula except in that situation where the particle is moving or where the value of g is not assumed constant. So that means it is applicable almost anywhere in the atmosphere. But for the same height change in ionosphere there may be a different pressure change because the value of rho may not be the same even if g is constant.