It's not a week in the NBA 2K community unless everything begins falling apart at the seams. And ladies and gentlemen, between the groundbreaking NBA 2K21 gameplay news, Mike Wang just dropped Chaka NBA 2K League Pro being accused of using a modern controller in wagers vs content creators to the UI that just dropped for both the new PlayStation and the new Xbox. There is some juicy goodness going on here today in this video. I'm gonna break fellas if y'all knew we on a way to 2 mil man subscribe to that channel hopefully I'm hoping to hit it before the end of the year is it possible most likely not but we gon grind we gon get there fellas yeah hey let's not wait actually let's wait one more time drop a like on a video now let's not wait let's get into it hey so Ronnie 2k did mention last week that there's gonna be three blog posts detailing new gameplay improvements made to the next gen version of the game now the first one just had me feeling like huh it's pretty cool but this one for a person who does this gets me excited so when I was talking to Mike Wang in that 2k tv episode like a few months ago and Mike Wang was like gas but there was stuff he obviously couldn't say because it was next gen Mike Wang is working on next gen not current gen so he wasn't saying none of those things to me but I could see the excitement in his face and I could see why oh man all right let's break it down uh 2k released their blog post uh they finally started doing it on their own website they used to do it on like Facebook sometimes they would let like Forbes release the article but I'm happy they're just doing it on their website it's an easy place to find it let me just simplify everything for you because for some reason 2k believes the best way to deliver news in 2020 is through text they spent a lot of this article kind of giving you like a decent amount of fluff like guys the next gen systems are allowing us to do so much so we can skip all of that we know that it's interesting because I remember they said that the dribbling system is gonna be similar from current gen to next gen and I'm not gonna lie if I'm a dribbler that's pretty depressing news practice on your dribbling skills because it's gonna be similar systems in next gen but then here in this article they say something a little different they say we retain the concept of signature dribble styles that we introduced a couple years ago but otherwise everything was scrapped and re-architected bringing a completely different feel with the ball in your hands but they do mention here that they will be using the same engine for the pro stick so all those fantastic dribble moves the tryhards be doing it will be the same system I think 2k has been making a push with this current gen 2k 21 and with the next gen version of 2k 21 where you have they want to give us full control which in my opinion is dope from like do you want to do a bank shot or do you want to do a floater do you want to do a reverse layup or do you want to attack from this side of the rim all of that do you want to do a high arc on your shot or an like a blind drive in my opinion as dope they illustrate that a little bit further they say they don't want you turning around or facing the wrong direction by accident due to just an error in gameplay sometimes that stuff is cool like there's momentum spin around behind the back loop-de-loop dribble moves that dribblers do in my opinion I'm not opposed to it but there was plenty of videos where like you don't do a move and your player just moves in a direction you need to ask them to do uh so 2k is just saying for the dribbling that you will go where you drop your input this year which in my opinion probably can be very refreshing throughout this article they dropped all just videos so we're gonna click on the videos so you get a sense of what they're talking about this one here is in reference to changes they made to defense and off ball and as you can see here Tobias Harris was being clamped up they talked a lot in this article about improvements they made to their motion here they say improve pathing cuts and stops make defenders feel more grounded and fix a lot of the sliding issues from previous generations and I struggle to believe it but they also said for like the 15th time by the way bigs feel like bigs and guards feel like guards but we've heard that in like 15 and 16 and then probably again in 18 so this that part right there I don't believe I'm hoping that they're hopefully with next gen systems it will feel like that but I don't believe it right now I am excited about the changes they made to the motion system and the most exciting one in my opinion is this one right here and there's a video of the foot planting you pay attention to his feet he stops on the dime because 2k is a game that feels so unresponsive and like the animations take forever to start and then you won't even go some play you want to pull up for three but you guys stepped in for a long too a lot of the times like you won't be going where you want to go on the game even when you put in the proper inputs they're looking to solve that with a lot of adjustments they made to the gameplay and this gets me excited just doing a full stop like that gets me excited but all of these gameplay improvements I'm telling you 2k is going to be for nothing if the game is played on 300 millisecond ping because no matter how responsive and fun you make the animations if the servers is cheeks when we play online we won't be able to experience that unless we just delete the internet and we play offline my career and this stuff gets me so excited man players can now take procedural steps instead of sliding their feet when they need to make micro adjustments when you need to just take an inch back so you can take the corner three you won't fly out of bounds man because what usually happens is you either go nowhere and the input just didn't register or you just go way too far because there was no way to make those small adjustments I'm hoping right now this means that when I'm at the 22 feet away right before the three point line I don't have to just assume that 2k is gonna slide me back because that was 2k solution in previous years oh our footplant technology is just not there right now so we're just gonna slide you back to the three point line it happened a lot more in the 2k 1314 days but it still happens now in current gen 2k 21 now the part that gets me a little bit worried is the contact animations and that's all across the game like one-on-one with your defender when you're bumping him when you're attacking the rim anytime a defender touches you because 2k has the potential to do like some game developers do this especially in the sports world where they're like oh it's gonna look so cool if it looks realistic and then boom now we got a million canned animations just so the game looks realistic so even if you didn't want to be in a situation if it looked cool you being dunked on you're gonna get a drag canned animation 2k 13 was infamous for this it was part of the reason why it's one of the worst 2ks of all time in my opinion and 2k straight away from that so I'm hoping they don't make a return to that in the name of realism and based on the way Mike Wang was speaking here in this article it seems he's aware of that problem and they actively made sure that they didn't fall into that trap he mentioned here I think the next gen version of the game uh strikes a great balance between rewarding the proper angles on drives and respecting contact and that's that's why I know Mike Wang be listening bro because he said it him I didn't even I didn't even know he used the exact word to that end it meant less canned interactions and doing a better job of respecting user control oh I love to hear it anytime I hear less canned animations my it gets hard because as a gamer that's like your dream the less the better and every once in a while contact dunk cool because you put yourself in that situation get me get dumped on then that's fun that's exciting but when you get dragged uh like from half court because Yana's wanted to dunk on you now we're talking about problems we don't want to go back to 2k 13 they dropped a video here explaining those contact animations and uh yeah so basically if you don't have strength and you're running straight into a defender you're going to experience animations like this where you just get bumped all of this contact looks natural and Bradley Bill with the hand check right here on Kyrie Irving Kyrie Irving able to push off that's that's hard that's hard man I got excited by seven seconds of gameplay all of this gets me excited I hope they're not cabin about that please no canned animations we need less of those then they went on talking about off-ball contact so juke boom this is my by the way so this will get me excited because I'm a sharp shooter in my heart in my heart fellas he mentioned gone are the vacuum screens that have plagued basketball games in the past where defenders would get pulled into a screen collision and then run a direction they weren't asking for do you see why I get excited I'm getting excited by this article do you see the word like the word he's getting me excited in many different ways right now Mike Wang they give us an example here what they're talking about that's gonna be such a relief I'm not getting sucked into a screen just because somebody has hall of fame brick wall screens should be effective but if I dodge the screen or if I have a hall of fame pick dodger all of that should matter I don't want to feel like I'm being sucked into animations 2k17 was the worst with that oh my you couldn't even be in the vicinity of a screen without you being sucked right into it and then you be on the floor because brick wall was OP that year as well but then they got to talking about probably the biggest change they made to the gameplay at least in reference here in this blog they say in NBA 2k21 next gen we developed a new in-air contact shot contest system that we're calling the impact engine the impact engine and next gen console power gives us the flexibility to do just that creating reliable contact when players are in flight so they just talk about how when you're driving to the paint and there is a defender in the way the contact is not only going to look a lot more realistic but it's going to respect inputs a lot more so it's not going to force you into an animation just because that was the only animation they had and that sound like a relief too they give this video here of Donovan Mitchell uh doing a little hop step and then getting swatted he does a hop step which by the way in NBA 2k19 wasn't no i think it was 20 2k20 was incredibly overpowered because they didn't had a system back in 2k20 now they had a system look they're trying to play defense Donovan Mitchell is stubborn enough to go up good initial contact all the contact right here with the main defender is dope but now i think has brook lopez getting involved looking for the block and he's in there with all of that just that's not exciting oh my god that's dope i'm excited to see how this impact engine plays out hopefully hopefully it doesn't stray too far into the world of realism that it just becomes unfun or very very repetitive the way 2k usually works is like if they come up with a gameplay idea they'll develop it for like two to three years and then they'll drop it in the 2k that it makes sense so if they start developing some idea like we want to work on foot planting and they start that in 2014 it might not be in the game until 2k16 because you can't just come up with good gameplay ideas you can't just complete entire engines over the course of a year those take years to develop so i don't know when they started this system but i'm telling you right now we were desperately in need of something like that plus a lot of people right now are complaining about uh just the paint defense in general an mba 2k 21 current gen so i'm hoping a lot of those situations will be solved they drop some videos here just to show off their new engine and here's a al-yub contact dunk by the way with dwight howard both players fall on the floor that's dope damey and lila are just running right through chris paul and you could see the new foot planting by the way back in the day 2k15 2k14 2k16 uh there was some of y'all might be new to the community there was something called charged cheese and it would be where people like me who for some reason just play way too toxic just set screens at half court just waiting for you to run into them and because the game did such a horrible job at respecting inputs you would be you be accidentally your momentum would just force you to run into me all the time and i would know how to use your momentum against you so i get like six seven charges a game it was very overpowered and i do it at like half court like while you're bringing the ball up i'll get a charge uh they realized that that was incredibly overpowered and instead of fixing the system in and of itself like they're doing now the the solution they came up with was just to nerf charges so now even when somebody bumps into like in just the animation you just graze past them they don't call charges anymore so uh it seems like they're actually gonna be using a charge system this year because they fixed the problem that made that system incredibly overpowered so that gets me excited and they kind of end the article off here talking about uh a ps5 specific change that they call like haptic trigger effect basically uh let's say you're about to hit a screen if you graze the screen lightly your controller will actually vibrate a little bit if you hit the screen hard your control will vibrate a lot so you can tell based on your controller just how tired your player is how much contact your player is in and so they're giving you inputs just through the vibration of the controller i have a feeling that that's going to get very annoying over the course of the year but i'm hoping it's more useful than it is annoying so i could keep it on because in previous years i just turned on vibration vibration was cool when i had a ps3 and i was playing Metal Gear Solid 4 and it was new but past that i was like i don't want my controller to vibrate when there's three seconds left in the shot clock personally i know what time is on the shot clock i don't have to be told but as they say here they want to immerse you in the experience of actually being on the basketball court if you guys remember i believe the game was 2k14 if you had your PlayStation i or your connect connected to your console and you said a swear word the referee would give a technical in game over it because they wanted to immerse you in the experience so anytime they say something like immerse you in the experience i get a little bit i don't know what that one now i'm going to wait to see hopefully it pans out but there's a chance that this just ends up being an annoying system i hope not now they said this is PlayStation specific uh so this doesn't seem like something that's even available on the xbox if you'd want it and the example they gave here was Patrick Beverly hitting a hard uh Steven Adams screen so your controller will probably go crazy once you hit this screen and as i mentioned here it's also a great reinforcement tool when you're making players work too hard on the court which could hit their energy and stamina level so if you're holding the sprint button the whole time your controller is going to let you know you had to chill out man that was a lot but because this is the 2k community that's never where things end if you've been alive and on twitter over the last couple days you've been in the loop but if you haven't my goodness so chalk was the first legend in mba 2k 20 he was he's been a relevant player in the 2k community for a while now he was a top pro amp player back in the day right now he's a professional mba 2k league player so he's definitely an incredible player at the game no debate about that but over the years he's found himself in like infinite situations where i don't see nobody else in personally when there was a vc glitch he put out a troll tweet uh snitching and the whole community got mad at him for that a few months ago him in grinding got in some drama where he accused grinding of uh i don't remember what happened i shouldn't know but hey i'll talk to beam star a few months ago he pointed the finger at joe knows saying joe knows was viewbotting even though there was no evidence of that then grindin pointed the finger at chalk with a lot of evidence that he was viewbotting it was either a very unfortunate youtube glitch or chalk was viewbotting but that blew over and now he seems to be in another drama because tjack is accusing chalk of using a modded controller in wagers against content creators for money so let me break down how this situation devolved tjack put out a tweet saying i didn't think chalk can make himself look any worse until i saw this dude bragging about being good at the game but yet he's using a modded controller literally on stream tjack decided to release this tweet as a follow-up saying last time i'm ever speaking about this ever again i'm mad because this kid is a professional 2k player influencing others to literally cheat he played a wager versus other creators and took money from them by cheating and this is what tjack said in the video all right guys so chalk claims that he's not using a modded controller because he's using square uses but what y'all don't know is is he used to use it he used to have the normal you know right stick but then he got the script if y'all don't know what the script is well just take a look at this before chalk decided to buy his script he decided to you know play some comp stage and uh i want you guys to look at this clip right here why is uh why is why is chalk using the right stick in this gameplay why does it say center but also why does his fucking bar not move in this game his bar does not move hold on let's look at this why does his bar not move well you got an aim bro look so chalk what is your x place for this what were you doing were you just randomly decided to you oh i'm gonna decide to use the right stick this time it was that yeah very good use this time bro bro you got caught you're using a modded controller to stop lying people so tjack seems to have caught uh chalk in a lie and you know i'm saying i don't like to jump to conclusions based on little evidence especially before i hear the other side of the story so i'm sitting here waiting for chalk to say something about the situation and he did so chalk tweeted saying this is going to be my last time addressing any of this love the fade king which i'm pretty sure is is ticino but whatever we'll go with it look y'all it's crazy that i gotta do this it's crazy to do my controller this is live okay it's gonna be edited a little bit because twitter only allows two minutes and 20 seconds i'm gonna go ahead and show you that i can miss all right with a perfect release controller when you press a certain button like you're gonna green to every time what these dudes do when they shoot center they press lb they center they green it every time i'm gonna show you that i can miss with x and green with x watch i'm gonna miss my first two shots pay close attention all right i'm gonna miss the first two shots okay you see early i missed the first one right i'm gonna miss again i'm gonna miss again watch i'm gonna miss again i missed again early right back to back early for the rest of the game i'm not missing now how is that now now you guys just watch two street misses right so how is it that out of nowhere i just green the third one watch i'm not missing them so chalk is trying to prove that he's capable of missing using the system that um that tjack was referencing in the past and but in this instance there's no shot feedback at least if there is is being blocked by his name up here because in the original clip tjack was referencing uh we didn't even see the bar move the bar just jumped to green and on top of that you can see on the shot feedback it says center which means he was using the stick and if chalk stopped using the stick and he was using square it wouldn't say center because you're not using the stick so i kind of waited because i was like i'm gonna let this play out because i'm not sure right now first of all it wouldn't make sense for tjack to randomly take shots at chalk i don't think they had any problems in the past but tjack seems to be doing this because chalk he believes chalk was doing this in wagers to win money which is fraud that's a scam so tjack responded saying nobody ever said you couldn't miss a shot with the monitor controller i literally witnessed you not missing the timing one time for over an hour on stream with a meter just stop the cat bro anybody with common sense can just peep and bend its past dreams one of the people that it seems uh chock played a wager against replied to tjack saying dude i want my money back tjack says he literally scammed you bro he should be cancelled for this but then things get even juicier because for some reason i thought that's where it was going to die down but more people got involved as the clip started circulating around twitter this is ticino now quote tweeting tjack's video and this what he had to say that's near undeniable proof of him having a monitor controller but chalk is a manipulator and will say whatever be as he can to make people believe what he wants dude finesse thousands of kids into joining his ae brand to promote himself and lied out his ass when grinding went at him he followed up saying for those who don't understand what the clip is showing the point is this it's literally straight down no human adjustments equals a monitor controller and he references a chat here with the guy called splice when you use a shot stick like that there's always a sway for human error i use a soft shot stick for five straight days not once did i ever shoot a shock where i didn't have to readjust it at all it's impossible to do it so unless chalk is so inhuman in his ability to play 2k that it almost seems robotic the evidence is pointing to the fact that he did use a monitor controller now it's true that chalk has been a great player at 2k for a very long time now at least since 2k 16 i've known about him in the pro am circuits now he's a professional player so there's no doubt about him being a great player but there's other great players out there saying it's near impossible for this to be the case but then chalk got on stream and of course the chat's gonna criticize him about all the drama that's been going on on twitter and he had a lot of things to say then to comment me let's talk let's talk about tjack you want to know the reason why i never came at f***ing tjack when he originally said anything because why in the blue would i ever give somebody a time of f***ing day right why would i ever give somebody a time of f***ing day who can't break 10k views what would i ever respond to this irrelevant piece of that i would beat the f***ing breaks off of why wouldn't i respond to this irrelevant so proceeding to call him not only irrelevant but saying he would beat the breaks off of him he says on twitter i made the decision in 2k 21 i'll keep to myself i legit isolated myself from the community no matter what i'm always being dragged into new drama i can't go a single day without someone trying to ruin my credibility or tear down everything i've grinded for i stayed out of the rep race because i didn't want to be accused all year of cheating i stayed on xbox because i didn't want to associate with any youtubers or anyone in the community my goal was to stay in my lane only my lane and every single day something new the last time i'll ever speak on this i don't use a modic controller i never have and i never will i play this game professionally and i've always been good at the game i don't need to boost this is the second time in a dry period of the game dudes begin to slander my name just because of the likes and views uh you get doing so i'm not asking for special privileges if i'm causing problems check me but at the end of the day i'm still a human bro just let me be one i understand what ticino's saying with the manipulation thing because he just positioned himself as a victim in all of this and if he is truly innocent which is highly likely he's not based on the evidence out there but then he follows up in that last tweet saying he said if i'm causing problems check me that's what just happened someone believed that you were using a modic controller and gave evidence of you doing that so that's you being checked by tjack so you don't it doesn't seem like you want people to check you because you just hopped on stream and call him irrelevant and said you beat the brakes off of him ticino put out a tweet saying i hope you're good chalk but we're only getting at you to keep the community straight talking honestly about everything owning up to the mistakes instead of portraying yourself as a victim is the way to do it and please don't compare view counts my guy stay safe dm's open rage respond is saying nah that so as the hostility was building up and this person reacts and this person says some other stuff and there's evidence here and this person responds here chalk hops on stream again where almost the unthinkable happens a human being bro and this you can't even be a human being and bro every day every day it's a new every day bro and y'all is so stupid that you don't see it man you don't see how it's targeted is bro you don't see it man you don't see you send a group chat and fucking put on me every day that was on stream i don't i don't think we've ever had anything like this happen to k community and yeah i've been in this community for seven years now i've never seen anything like we saw in the last couple days on twitter chalk put out a tweet later saying don't ever mistake tears of frustration with weakness when you put your all into something it's hard not to be passionate especially when people are constantly making false claims and accusations about you it's been like this for over a year and today i showed i'm human michael uh influencer marketing for 2k he put out a tweet saying you all need to stop treating each other like seriously and so the kind of tide began to shift after that clip kind of blew up people were like i didn't got it serious but for chalk it was that serious if chalk feels like he's being targeted by everybody now granted it kind of feel like he'd be putting himself in the situation from time to time i do feel for the guy but at the same time man i just saw him try and point a finger at joe knows doing the same thing with zero evidence so when there's actual evidence and someone points the finger at you and what are we talking about joe knows just had a great month on youtube and you put out actually you didn't you just texted someone privately so i guess that's a little different but in your tweet you said you wanted people to check you but every time somebody checks you about something whether it was the viewbotting thing in the past or the modder controller thing that's going on right now or the tweet you put out when you snitched about the vc glitch you immediately get to making yourself the victim but at the same time i don't know what other people are dealing with so me personally i don't like to go too hard on people i present the facts and i let it be banded put out a tweet saying yo chill on chalk man before he ends up hurting himself just leave bra alone for real that was bad praying for chalk hope he gets the help he needs tjack responded saying chalks that he'll beat the brakes off of me i'm in tamper too do they live in the steam area oh first of all guys i'm always an advocate for more content i'm saying a perfect way to resolve this would be to get to the bottom of it but the most entertaining way to resolve it would be a boxing match i'm just saying do quote tweeted and said man you grown shut your ass up me personally i'm conflicted because while the human parts of me wants to feel sympathy for him i know chock does a great job of making himself feel like and position himself like the victim here the victims if we're being clear are the people you wager now it's difficult because there's evidence man there's an overwhelming amount of people that believe that based on the videos that we've seen that you use the modder controller and if you did that in a wager then those would be the victims so that's kind of the situation in a nutshell who knows where it goes from here i doubt it's going to continue to evolve it sounds like it's uh going to devolve before everybody forgets about it because that's how the internet works in two months all right so i'm glad i waited there's now update to the chalk scenario right when i thought it was going to die down because chalk up with his own video saying i'm a cheater mba2k21 responding to all of the allegations people are making this is why i like to wait to see what both sides say and chock you shouldn't have this should have been the first thing you said i'm telling you because that initial video just made it look like you purposefully misunderstood the allegation because you had no defense but in this video let me break down and summarize this chalk video for you he didn't shy away from the allegations he looked to address every single one people were making online let's start with the one that he was using a modded controller i mean this is literally the exact same gameplay bro and we're talking about i have a modded controller in a stage game with people i don't know it's not like there's eyes on this or this is being streamed so why would i not just green that one i literally just airballed in it so chock is saying that the initial clip that people are using as evidence was taken out of context uh because if you continued watching the rest of the game his follow-up shot was an airball now i've actually talked to people that used modded controllers before and i've been told that it's possible to miss on these monster modded controllers just because somebody missed doesn't mean that they're not using one that being said chock brings up a good point this game was not being televised it was not like a big game there would be no reason for him to use a modded controller in this game but at the same time it still doesn't explain the initial clip so then chock pulled up the game that uh the wager that he was in with other content creators uh where he was accused of defrauding and taking the money from other people while he was on a modded controller uh and this what he had to say about that game you're wrong i miss yet again now why is that i have a perfect release controller i should never miss wide open here's another possession i'm dribbling the ball i'm working to get open can't really get open i'm gonna keep working i hit him with the dexter i finally get open and i mean i just literally murder solo right there that's a wide open three in the corner like that's moneyball two percent contested play better defense now keep in mind i have a modded controller supposedly these guys don't yet the score is 12 to 12 and to be honest with you these are not competitive players so it's weird that with a modded controller i can miss shots that i'm missing like i don't understand then he addressed the third thing and this actually i didn't bring up in the original video but people asked chock why he was using a wired controller chock played the game wirelessly and chock brought up in the video he said that there's more delay when you play wirelessly i don't play on xbox yaga had to tell me how bad of a difference it is but on playstation there's actually a setting you can change if you want a very also slightly reduced the latency by plugging it plugging in the controller and playing wire but the difference was so negligible it wasn't worth me personally playing wire xbox players you have to be the judge of that but chock is saying that he plays wired so that he has to shoot a certain type of way there's less latency and that's the way he's used to playing then that sounds reasonable that being said chock is either lying right now or the most unfortunate person on the planet i'm telling you is one of the two because it makes no sense over the last year how so many pieces of evidence can point to one direction and you can't be the person doing these things that being said uh i think this is the only thing you should have said chock i'm not gonna like that original video you posted and the tweets you posted it may it may everyone that's not going to watch this video certain that you cheated but even in the original allegations outside of what tjack is saying even in ticino's quote tweets ticino's saying is nearly impossible for that to be done he never used definitive terms like it is impossible because there's always room for error when i was on this drama alert and uh there was evidence pointing to the fact that chock view bought it i'm like hold on now we've seen youtube view glitches before does it look bad and does it likely that chock view bought it yes but you have to wait to hear his side of the story and it could just be a glitch so um that's how this story it looks like is going to end i wonder how it's going to evolve from here uh the people that have moderate controllers are going to be the ones who could pick apart whether or not he was telling the truth about a lot of the stuff he said in this video i'll link it down below if you want to watch the full thing and you could be the judge of that uh but hey man that's that story but the news did not end there because playstation uh like four or five days ago released their new terms of service and update where they were letting everybody know that they're spying on you now they ain't say it like that but that's how everybody interpreted it and people were not happy about that news me personally i prefer discord by every imaginable metric i'll use a playstation party from time to time because it's easier especially when you're recording videos but in an effort to get the whole news cycle to stop talking about the spying that's going on with playstation playstation decided to drop information on their new ui their user interface and it looks like this man first of all i love this this looks incredible so playstation dropped an entire 11 minute video showing the startup screen the user interface for the new playstation five and if we just scroll through this there's no doubt about it it looks dope i dropped a video on my second channel talking about console wars and how pointless they were i'ma leave a link to the description and an end screen if you guys missed it i've been doing this game and stuff for a while so i didn't really need to see this to know that playstation was gonna have a better ui this gets me excited i used to love playing little big planet so this is a 4k oh my god the quality looks great right now on my screen and they proceed to show the ui there's there's videos playing on the top right everything looks beautiful and oh easy to get to yo i'm a pc player at heart now so the only thing that get me to play consoles is just like a good ui and a simple gaming experience and it seems like playstation delivered i'ma leave the link to this entire thing if you guys want to go through and see what everything looks like but if we just pause right here it looks fire uh but xbox the competition was like hey we can't have sony with all the spotlight today so they decided to release a tweet dropping their user interface they say the new xbox ux which i think they they could just say ui they had to say ux it's fast sleek stylish and works great on the xbox one and xbox series x and s rolling out to an xbox near you i'll say this whatever playstation update that just went down made friend list impossible for me to get to it takes like minutes like five six minutes for my friends list to load up now by the way and the the whole console feels way laggier which is basically what tim cook does with the iphones right where they slow down your iphone so you buy the new ones i'm pretty sure that's what sony just did you should be relieved if you're a person who plays on the xbox and they told you that the ui update is also gonna be for the current gen version of the xbox wait what current gen version of that the current xbox that was wrong but they show off the user interface here and i tell as i said in that second channel video microsoft loves their little boxy windows like designs and while they looked cool way back in the day i'm just over them now you know i'm saying i'm over them personally it looks good i'm not saying it doesn't look good but it doesn't look playstation good it looks a lot like the current xbox user interface uh but with a whole lot of quality of life improvements i'll leave a link to this too if you want to go through an entire article hey sony shut up sony so 2k and microsoft just don't get it because they just keep releasing text to explain news to us it's the least exciting way to release news but playstation released a video they know we watch videos i love that that's dope i guess the xbox is really going with like the windows integration so that's where you're gonna see a lot of similarities and they do that here with you see windows and then you see xbox xbox windows xbox see that's that's the thing about microsoft they always try and do this like media device thing this is a gaming device for me personally i don't need that media stuff on there oh xbox dropped the video too i lied i lied so it was just 2k that doesn't get it correction and they dropped a 41 minute video is this like a press conference or something ah never mind never mind put them back in the bank of 2k hey uh so that's all the news that went down and it was a lot of it there's plenty to be excited about and this is the first time for me since pre-ordering the playstation 5 and the new xbox that i genuinely feel excited i feel excited to play 2k i feel excited for the user interfaces i feel excited for less low times i feel excited for just a better overall experience because man i hate that current gen experience especially coming from pc it just feels slow and outdated 1080p 30 frames in some of these games uh uh so that's it fellas if you guys enjoyed the video drop a like subscribe to the channel and i'm gonna catch you guys in the next one oh console video here the console war video is referring to it's right here click that catch you guys in the next one


Hey folks, welcome to another episode of Ask Chrome. We're here at the 2019 Chrome Dev Summit and we're ready to answer all of your web development questions live. To get started, we've got a list of questions that we've already asked on Twitter. But don't worry, if you're following along in the live stream, send us a question there and we will do our best to get to it either today or tomorrow. I'm Jason, by the way, and this is not Rob Dodson. Hi, Sam. Hi. Good to see you. Yeah, sadly, Rob could not make it today, so you've got me instead. Well, that's great to have you, Sam. Yeah, without further ado, let's jump straight into our first question. Yeah, so Giuseppe asked about the future of HTML. Now, this is a big topic, as we know, and actually, Nicole Sullivan from the Chrome team and Greg Whitworth from Microsoft will be giving an entire talk about this on day two of the summit. So make sure to check that out. But without preempting their stuff, just a little high level overview of kind of four-part plan really looking into this. And firstly, thinking about accessibility, ways to make the web more accessible by making some changes with HTML and HTML implementations. Stuff like focus outline. Now, this is kind of a little outdated. It doesn't look great. It doesn't work really well anywhere. We have some sort of basic problems like, for example, in Chrome, you have like a blue outline. And well, yeah, if the background is blue, that just doesn't work very well. So we want to be able to improve, in this case, outline without people hacking stuff like getting the whole outline done thing, which is like everywhere on the web now. Not great for accessibility. No, we want to avoid that. We want to avoid that. Thinking also about styling. So we want to provide some new hooks for styling elements. Starting with relatively simpler stuff like checkboxes and radio buttons and then getting into more complex UI like select elements. Stuff like the way you interact with... Imagine if you've got an email app and you want to add email addresses.  And we're thinking about new ways to kind of get really nice behavior with those component parts. Right, so maybe you ship a component on the platform that is basically an email to field or something like that. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Something like that. That would be nice. Yeah. I mean, we've had some great questions from... Yeah, from Giuseppe and others. Thank you. Thank you, Giuseppe. About like new accessibility features. And I mean, like you say, there is some really interesting stuff in the works. So first up, one thing we definitely wanted to talk about is the accessibility object model, the AOM.  The tree behind the tree. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So for those who don't know this, this is a way to represent the content on a site so that maybe like gives, you know, assistive devices access to the content itself, you know, may not be so obvious from the DOM. Right. Now, what the AOM does is to provide new like developer facing APIs that give, you know, more direct access to like to inspect and manipulate this data structure, the AOM. The kind of core concept here is that, I don't know, you might want an accessibility object model that's different from the DOM. You know, you might want a different structure. You might want to be able to do stuff like add what we're calling virtual nodes for stuff like a rich text editor. Now, you think about this, you're building an app that's say using Canvas. Right. You know, like what does the DOM look like? There isn't one, right? No, we need something different.  That's kind of inherently a hack. Cool. So with the AOM, you can create a virtual accessibility tree that describes the content and also can change dynamically, which is really, really cool. You know, that helps assistive technologies announce changes to content and provide like spatial navigation and so on. It's almost like a second DOM. Yeah, yeah, exactly. Yeah, that's super cool. Yeah, so when we reached out to Chrome's accessibility experts, they were super excited about a bunch of other APIs that are coming down the pipe, but the one that caught my attention was focus visible. So focus is sort of obviously an important part of browsing the web, especially when you're using assistive tech. But it turns out that managing focus is extremely hard. And also it's sort of sometimes out of odds with how we want to design things. Yeah. I mean, this is a core part of accessibility, isn't it? Yeah. Focus is a huge deal. It's step zero. So if you think about something like a text field, when you focus on a text field, we have to have a visible indicator because we need to put the cursor in that field. You are going to continue interacting with that field. Versus if you think about a button, oftentimes when you focus a button, it's from clicking the button, and then you're done interacting with the button. So we don't necessarily need to have a permanent visual marker that the button is highlighted. And so focus visible is like focus, but only in cases where we want to keep that focus indicator around. Right. Yeah, so there's a trick that Rob was telling us about when we asked him about this, where if you're on a mobile phone with a soft keyboard and you tap something, if the soft keyboard comes up and stays up, that's something that is going to be focus visible. Yeah, exactly. So we want to persist focus there. If you tap a button on a phone, we don't pull up the keyboard. Okay. Yeah. So that's sort of like the little limerick. Yeah. I thought that was a really interesting way to remember it. Another accessibility concern was providing alternative text for content that is produced in CSS. So we all know, you know, that image tag has an alt attribute. You can provide fallback text there. We don't have alt for CSS, or at least we didn't have it until the CSS alt text API. So this would be if you have like an icon font or images that are being defined in CSS, you could provide fallback text for those images without having to, you know, breach into your HTML to do that. Yeah. Another question we had actually from Pymduit on Twitter. Thank you very much, which is asking me like, I have a draw with nav items that is initially inert. Will its content still get picked up by crawlers since it is semantically hidden? Right. Now, the concept here, right, is a menu that may not be displayed initially until you tap on something like what we might call a hamburger menu icon. Yeah, whatever they call the thing with no name. Anyway, now, like some of you may not know, but HTML recently got a new attribute on HTML element that makes it possible to mark an element as being uninteractive. Right. And, you know, that attribute is inert. Now, from an accessibility viewpoint, this is really useful. Super useful. Yeah, because it makes, it's a way to make parts of the DOM like clearly be avoided for anything that's like acting on behalf of the user. So, you know, the inert attribute just makes this really simple and I think kind of intuitive as a way of marking that content as something that is uninteractive. It's there, but it's not tab navigable or whatever. That's right. So he was asking basically like, if I use the inert attribute, if I do the good thing, is something like Google search or whoever going to pick that up? Yeah, now the good news is that, search will still see your stuff. This doesn't make it go away as far as search crawlers are concerned. And, you know, of course, web crawlers do benefit from semantic markup, but they aim to discover as much content as possible. Right, so if you put your whole navigation in something that's inert, we're not going to not crawl it. That's right. It's still there. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So the answer to your question, Vim, is yes, search crawlers will see stuff even if it's inert. Yeah, continue to use inert. Yeah. Yeah, so I put out a call for some performance questions and I got some really interesting ones. A lot of them from Greg. So thank you, Greg. Thank you, Greg. So he was asking a lot about networking performance and his first question was, with regards to multiplexing in HTTP3, is there an upper limit to shared resource connections? So let's say you had a hundred separate style sheets for a hundred components or something along those lines. Would you face a time penalty or performance penalty in time at first byte or other metrics for having so many style sheets? And this one, it's a pretty easy answer. There is still per request overhead in HTTP3. So the protocol has advanced, we have multiplexing, we can stream things concurrently, but there is still headers in the request and the response for each request that you make. And so HTTP3 reduces the amount of overhead, but it doesn't eliminate it. We can't fully eliminate it. Yeah, a request is a request. Yeah, you still have to have headers. If there's cookies, you still have to send the cookies. So there will still technically be a penalty. It might be that the thresholds that you'd be working with here for like number of style sheets you'd want to ship on a page are higher, which is, it's a useful thing to have in the back of your mind, but they're not gone. So a second one that he asked was, with regards to push headers and resource hints, what are they good for? Do they work? Do they help the user in any specific way? So push headers are pretty useful. There's a new spec called resource hints that essentially lets you ship indicators of resources that you would like the browser to download before you ship the rest of the request. And the primary thing this is useful for is if you are preparing a page, let's say you're doing server-side rendering, but you already know before you're finished the rendering that there's a couple of resources the page is going to rely on.  So you can either send a push promise for this in HTTP2 or coming down the pipe with this spec, you can send early hints with a link header that would tell the browser to go out and download that resource. And so this is just a way for you to get those hints out before you start streaming the response and the browser has to start doing rendering work and whatnot. Just sort of moving the entire network of waterfall forward in time. At least that's the goal. Okay, I've got one for you, because I believe you might actually be able to answer it. A question from BitMotions with some long name. Is that actually in their name? Yeah, that's amazing. It's pretty cool. And thanks, by the way, for all these questions on the live stream. So the question here is, what is the longest method name in the browser API? So before I would have said get bound in client rekt, which is long but easy to remember. But no, IG actually just announced a new API that I think takes the cake for this. The API is called is user verifying authentication platform available? Okay. Let me get my head around that. Does what it says on the tin. Yeah, yeah, okay. I sort of read it right to left. Sounds like one of those German things where they take a whole phrase and then get one. Massive portmante, I would. I want it to be that the API has no capitalization. It's just all one way. Yeah. I think it is thankfully capitalized. That's quite impressive though. Oh, wow. I know one thing you were going to talk about actually was just mentioning about the Chrome serial API. Right, yeah. Somebody had asked, can PWAs with ServiceWorker access Chrome.serial API, does this have the same or better ability to handle fast communication and the same sort of conditions that Chrome apps had. And my understanding is that the idea is that the web serial API should be able to handle everything that the Chrome serial API handled. Yeah. And this is really important. It's like we want the web platform itself to have all these great capabilities, not just Chrome. That's a very important constraint that we place on ourselves. So there's, I think there's a talk at Chrome Dev Summit about web serial. Yeah. And I think I actually spotted over in the Sandbox with some web serial stuff. I mean, if you're at the event, and apologies to those who aren't, but there's some really nice demos, but there's actually a codelab that goes with this. And you can do the codelab anywhere. Yeah, exactly. And it's really nice. You work with some components which are pretty easy to come by. Yeah, it's beautiful. Cheap. Cheap. It's the USB cable that you've got sitting on your desktop. Yeah. It's like, yeah. So we'll add a link to that codelab so you can have a go with that. Definitely. Definitely. So one last question. Time for one last question. Yeah, one last question. And, you know, I noticed this on Twitter earlier from Liz. Right. It's actually a question we've been asked a lot. Yeah, this is a super important one. Yeah. We get asked about this like many times. Every day. Every day. At least once or twice. So the question is, where did you get all those sweet sweaters? Right. Yeah. Right. Yeah. So for context, if you did not watch The Opener, you know, Mariko and Paul and Serma. Yeah. They have a lovely matching set. Beautiful matching sweaters. Gorgeous knit sweaters. What we call jumpers. Oh, yeah. Other parts of the world. Sorry, jumpers. Yeah. So the secret here is that Mariko actually knits them herself. She is like a professional knitter. Yeah. She's a machine. She's a knitting machine. You could almost say. Knitting machine. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. She's a complete pro. She, I'm trying to convince her to knit sweaters for the rest of the team, but I don't really have anything to offer her. Yeah.  Go and buck her. And actually like, we will put a link here. She has an amazing app, which is called Knit. The pattern app. Yeah. It's called Knitlify. That's what you're talking about. Knitlify. Knitlify on the end. And you can use that to take an image and create a knitting pattern with it. Very cool. Which is actually apparently what she used for the stuff that's here. So you two can build your own kind of little dinosaur logo jumper. This is if I had this skill to be able to do knitting. Yeah. Yeah. Which I don't. But I would like to pick up. A minor problem. Yeah. Yeah. Mariko is a, yeah. She's a pro knitter. Yeah. So the first question. Any minutes. We're going to answer. Today comes from Brian who said portals. And then he followed that up with. Okay. I want to know about the devs. I want to know about the status of standardization. I want to know about the objections of accessibility, potential for abuse, lots of different stuff. So portals are a new thing. If you haven't come across them yet, the spec gives a really, really concise definition of what exactly portals are. So I'm going to read it word for word because it's very important. A portal is a browsing context whose portal state is set to portal. I love, I love spec language. It's like, it's like sort of legalese, but only more say. Yeah. Wow. Does that mean? I don't 100% know what that means. Right. So what does that actually mean? So portals are a new navigational primitive.  And so with a portal, you can embed one page into another page. And then you can invoke, I think it's called activate on the portal. And that will promote the embedded page to be a new top level page. So you can totally see this being like useful for a product category page. Let's say you're on like an e-commerce site or something. And then you tap on a preview of some content and you go to that page. Yeah, yeah. I know that it's like quick view or, you know, like quick shop instant. You know, these kind of flashy names. Yeah. Anything to avoid like a full page load, right? Well, yeah, yeah. And then you put a brand name on it. Yeah. Right. So there's a bunch of interesting use cases for portals. We've got embedded widgets, search results pages. There's tons of these. So basically any time when you want to show most of another website or web page inside of your page, but tapping on that embedded content needs to be basically transitioned to the page without blanking the screen or being a jarring user experience, that's probably use case for portal. It's also a potentially compelling feature for navigations within the same website, not just cross websites, which is kind of cool. So portals might give us a way to blur the lines a little bit between what you would think of as like a typical multi-page application versus a single-page application. It's possible that in the future we'll be able to animate between two pages. So you can actually have like completely separate pages that load and unload like a multi-page site, but it's seamless client-side navigation. Right. Yeah, that's cool. Yeah.  You know, one of the first reported issues we've just been looking at this was that like portals aren't keyboard accessible.  You know, you need to tap or click. Now, I think like it's possible to add event handlers in JavaScript, but this is kind of hacky. You know, it's not a good way of making things work. So we need to make sure that the API, you know, has that stuff in place without these kind of hacks. Also, another, I mean, there are multiple issues here, but if you use the tab index attribute to make the portal elements tab navigable. Oh, great. So you can tab into it. Yeah, yeah. That can actually have the effect of like creating, you know, a tab trap. That sounds terrifying. Yeah, it is. I'm picturing myself surrounded by a lot of tabs. I know, I know. It's like not a bad place. So we're, you know, this is where like focus gets moved into the portal and the user will get stuck. And of course it means, you know, you can't activate the portal. So this is a problem to, you know, we've obviously that a bunch of these things that we're addressing. And the question of abuse, you know, portals are interesting, interesting problem again. So, you know, a couple of kinds of abuse that we need to think of like any feature like this. I mean, just in general, like so many things like overdoing it, just, you know, seeing everything as a potential like portal, like just adding too many portals and image portal. Yeah, yeah.  So like adding a hundred embedded pages is going to be really, really expensive. And it sounds sort of like the advice we're giving to people for portals is similar to what we say for something like intersection observer where it's like they're a great feature. They're really useful. Yeah. Please don't use a thousand of these. Yeah, yeah. But just getting back to accessibility. Kevin asked a question on Twitter about an accessibility feature in the dev tools in Chrome. So he says recently color accessibility was changed and now only checks the current elements BG color. Previously it checked the BG color of its ancestors until it found something not transparent. I assume is there more information on this? Right. Yes, there is. We've actually spoken to Paul Lewis himself who works on the dev tools, which is great. So what this refers to is the DevTools color picker and a bit of context to that. DevTools has to try to make like a best effort when determining the background color. Right. That's not always simple. That's hard. You can imagine. There are situations where you have background images or you have multiple layers where you've got DOM elements on top of each other and so on and so on. Right. So they've had fixed position text with a transparent background over top of an image. Yeah. When I scroll the background color changes. Yeah. Exactly. So what the DevTools did not want to do was display dodgy information. Right. So they kind of took it out in those situations. Now, thankfully, we've just got a fix for that, which Paul is just implementing actually. So even in cases where the DevTools aren't perfectly sure of the background color, they'll still show you the contrast ratio in the UI, except just with like a transparent background. Okay. So the button will still be there? Yeah. It's a little eyedropper or whatever. Yeah, yeah, yeah. It won't be just like where did my ratio go? The picture's gone. Yeah, exactly. Right. Yeah. So Andrew also on Twitter, I think he asked another question earlier. Yeah. He asked, when will PWAs be released in the Play Store? Which is a super interesting question that we have a solution for called Trusted Web Activities or TWA's. Yes. Because Trusted Web Activities is too long of a name. So as we know, web content has been sort of present on the Android ecosystem for a really long time via WebView and other solutions. And TWA's provide a high performance, secure, sort of user choice preserving way to build web apps on the web stack but put them in the Android Play Store. Yeah. So right now you can wrap up your PWA as a TWA and submit that to the Play Store. It can be downloaded and installed just like any Android app. This is a little bit tricky because TWA's take a bunch of different forms. It's not just your app as an Android app. You can mix native UI with web UI and stuff. And so there is a guide written by Peter on web.dev that basically walks you through the approach of taking your PWA and making a perfectly equivalent TWA for it. The one thing to remember with TWA's is it is not just arbitrary web content on Android. There is what we call installability criteria and sort of in short, this means you have to be a valid PWA. So in Lighthouse you get the PWA check mark and you also have to have a performance score of 80. Right. So there's a bar there. Yeah. And we do this because we want to make sure that anything that makes its way onto the Play Store is meeting the same criteria that a user would expect of a native application. So we set a high performance bar. We set a high bar for making sure that the app works offline and effectively. Yeah. Yeah. No, that's great. So that's TWS. Yeah. What people expect from something they see on their home screen. Yeah. It's going to work. Yeah. You're not going to see a dinosaur. Yeah. Yeah. That's great. As fun as that would be. Well, you know, yeah, that's cool too. We love dinosaurs. Anyway, another Andrew question. Will the Shape Detection API be released in M80? So first just some background to this because I really like this API. Anyway, so we've had access to video streams with GetUserMedia since Chrome 21, I think. Wow. And image capture for still images since Chrome 59. Now, the thing is, of course, there are lots of interesting use cases for analyzing the actual content of images. You know, stuff like barcode detection and text processing, which is great. We've actually had computer vision libraries like OpenCV since the last century. JavaScript ports of this. That sounds weird to say. I know. It's crazy. It's the 1900s. Yeah. I looked it up. It's like 1999. Wow. Anyway, so like the ports of this in JavaScript work pretty well. You know, amazing. But, you know, obviously for really fast and efficient image detection, you know, we need to use hardware. Right. So that's where the Shape Detection API comes in. This uses hardware acceleration wherever it can. Sweet. Yeah. For face detection too? Yes, it does. That's right. Yeah. So now this is a little where it gets a little more complex. So the original spec covers also text detection. But this is actually really hard to get right across platforms and character sets. You can imagine. Yeah. For like multiple character sets, multiple different, yeah. Sounds cool. Yeah. Would be amazing. Anyway, the point is it's been moved to a separate spec of its own. Shape detection for stuff like barcodes is actually going to be flagless in Chrome 80, which is fantastic. Sweet. There's a very cool demo, by the way, that our colleague Paul Killen did. It's qr snapper.com. You know, just for detecting QR codes, just works really well. Actually a useful app. Yeah, yeah. No, check that out. Check that out. Okay. So Rick on Twitter asked, can we have an export to JSON option in the context menu of a variable? And so I'm assuming he's talking about inside of Chrome DevTools here. Let's say, I think you give an example here. So you're console.log, response data from an API call, sort of locked in the local variable of whatever it was set. You're really convenient to be able to right-click that and say copy or save as JSON or get in my clipboard or get it on disk. So a lot of people don't realize DevTools has a copy command. It's one of the console built-ins. So you just call copy like a function. It's not in the menu or anything. You just have to know that it's there. So like an Easter egg. Like many things. Yeah. Yeah. So for now, you can right-click on the variable wherever you see it. So in the scripts tab or in the console. Yeah. Click store as global variable. And that will set it as like dollar sign temp one or something. You don't need to care about the name. You can just type copy brackets dollar sign underscore. Remember that? That's almost like pro. Yeah, it is almost like pro. Actually, I think this comes from pro. And it will copy the previous thing in the console to your clipboard, which in this case will be a JSON representation of the variable. Yeah. Copy converts it to JSON internally. So you can sort of do this today. It is not one menu item. It's a little bit of text. Fantastic. Fantastic. Cool. Micro sites on Twitter. Not sure what their name is, but that's their handle. Yeah, that's cool. They asked will Chrome 79 mixed content blocking also affect intranet sites? So they mentioned they heard this thing in December. And then in January, it would start fully blocking insecure content on secure origins. So I actually don't know what the proper timeline is for this, but I'm going to take his word for it. I'm assuming this is the thing that's coming soon. The one thing that we do know is that Chrome has a, let me phrase this correctly, there will be an enterprise policy likely called insecure content setting that will give enterprise admins the ability to keep loading mixed content without the warnings or blocking. You should be radio announcement. That's actually my dream when I was doing that. You can say do it. You can do like those weird warnings that you get coming soon. Yeah. So generally when it comes to future workloads like this, Chrome's, you know, mission is let's provide an enterprise policy that helps with deprecations and removals. And in this case, like if you have an intranet and you are relying on this and you have a separate timeline for when you want to upgrade that mixed content, we'll give you the option to extend that. I think there is a thing as part of all this where we will try to auto-upgrade HTTP content to HTTPS. I have no idea what the constraints are around how that works, but there's something there for that. So it might be that this is less of an issue than it seems like on paper. That's good. That's always good. So yeah, we've had more great accessibility questions today. One from Manoj who asked, would you consider adding an accessibility score that shows up whenever the DevTools in Chrome is opened so that businesses provide time to developers to implement accessibility features? This is a really cool idea. Yeah. You know, like anything that exposes accessibility metrics is a great idea. And to a wider audience. We'd love to see accessibility scores be more prominent when business decisions are being made. We'd love to see those numbers in the boardroom alongside other stats that people have for conversions or sales or even now performance. Yeah, we think about these things as developers. Yeah. But if your C-levels or your business folks or whatever aren't aware that your accessibility score is hurting your website, then how do they make decisions? Yeah. And it's like damaging their business. So obviously Lighthouse, I'm sure you've seen this, has an accessibility score. And that's something you can pull up in the audits tab in the DevTools like today. But you can also access that of course via the APIs and with Lighthouse continuous integration, which is something that Elizabeth and Paul talked about yesterday, day one from Chrome Dev Summit. So do check out their report, their talk about this. We've seen some great examples of this. People using dashboards and making them easily available to people throughout the company. So you get better business visibility and accessibility numbers. So you can see a trend line of your website's accessibility score over time. Yeah, exactly. Another thing to consider would be like, normally with Lighthouse we always talk about Lighthouse and run an audit of your site. But your site is more than one page. And when we do a Lighthouse audit, we're auditing one page. So maybe for you in your continuous integration setup or in your dashboard or whatever it is, when you run Lighthouse and you grab those numbers, maybe it's not just for the homepage. This is my bug bear. Like please when you use Lighthouse, don't just use your Lighthouse on everything. Your homepage, do it. Like if you're on an e-commerce site, use your category pages, your product pages, the checkout flow, everything. Like, you know, it's a great idea to do that. How frustrating would it be to be an assistive tech user and you're shopping. Everything's actually pretty good so far. You've got tab navigation. Everything's working. Yeah, add something to your cart. You go to the cart. Click the checkout button. Yeah. Yeah, yeah. You can't focus the credit card fuel. Now that's interesting because we actually, like what we've often noticed with performance is that what users notice is not necessarily like slow performance, it's performance differences. Right.  You go from a fast homepage to a slow, say category page. Yeah. And that's what users really get frustrated with. Yeah, the picture of the site looks great. Yeah. Yeah, yeah. That's right. So another thing actually we've seen with metrics like accessibility. I mean, which is pretty hardcore, but I like it is, you know, that you display metrics over your website internally. Like in the office, everyone, every time they go to your website actually sees those numbers on the side. I love this idea. Yeah. So, you know, it's literally in your face. I want that for like accessibility, performance, everything. Exactly. That's a great idea. And it's, you know, it's a great way of just getting things beyond engineering. That way when everybody else at your company is browsing the site, they see these things front and center. Yeah. And they see you like make improvements so you like, you know, had impact and things work. Look, invaluable. Yeah, exactly. Yeah. Okay, cool. So Christian asked, is there such a thing as send this link to desktop from your phone, right? We know that there's, you can right click on a tab in Chrome for desktop and say send this to phone. Yeah. Do we have the opposite? And so originally, we were really sad about this question because we thought that the answer was no. Yeah. Turns out that's totally wrong. We were looking in the wrong place. The answer is yes, we have this feature. We do. No one we talked to knew about this, except for the person who implemented it. Yeah. It's always right to know the right people. We go backstage, we ask them, we find out ourselves. Yeah. So on Android, if you tap the share menu, right? The three dot menu, click share. There is a Chrome logo that says send to your devices or at least it would say that except on Android, we truncate the text. So it just says send to. Yeah. Which is a little bit confusing, although it is open-ended. We don't know what device you're sending to. Yeah. So anyway, so you tap that and you click the computer to send the tab to exactly like it does with the phone. That's cool. And it shows up on your computer. Yeah. And I think the Chrome team is working to make it. Yeah. Just to improve the UI you ask for this. But it's there. Yeah. It works really well. Send this document to my computer. Yeah. It's amazing. It works really well. Yeah. We have like, Yeah. We've got a couple of minutes. So we'll actually take like one question we've got here often. I'll do this one about from Elia. Cookies. Yeah. Elia is a brawn, brawn. The question is, is there a way to set a break point on cookies? So it breaks when a cookie is set, changed, deleted, either by HTTP header or via JavaScript. Now in the console, you just showed me this because I thought, Yeah. I was looking at the copy function if I'm honest, and I saw this. No, this is cool. So you can use debug in the console and like pass document.cookie to that. Also, like you were showing me just just before, like in the network tab, it's like has response header set cookie. One of the Easter egg search Yeah. Yeah. Exactly. One of the many magic things inside DevTools. DevTools docs do have things for both of these. But really what you're saying is you can use debug to install a break point for document.cookie. That's right. There's your JS version. Yeah. And then you can use the filter in the search tab of the network panel to get the network version. Yeah. Perfect. That gets you both. Yeah. I mean, just, yeah, thanks again for all your questions. So it's been fantastic. Please feel free to send more questions on Twitter using the Ask Chrome hashtag. And we'll do our best to get responses from the Chrome team. We promise to do that and do stay tuned for more episodes of Ask Chrome that will be coming up in the future. Great. From myself and Sam, thanks for watching and enjoy the rest of the show. Yeah. Thanks very much.


Welcome back to the discussion of cytochrome P450. In the last class we have seen the reaction mechanism and this is really an exciting mechanism where you have seen that iron hydroperoxo is being formed and then oxygen-oxygen bond is cleaved in the process to give the high valent iron oxo species. Now, you must be wondering what is the difference between the let us say hemoglobin myoglobin and cytochrome P450. Of course, in case of hemoglobin myoglobin you have up to this iron superoxo species, but none of these steps are happening in hemoglobin and myoglobin. Now, what really differentiate hemoglobin myoglobin with and that of the cytochrome P450? Yes, you have got it right the cysteine this axial ligand that proximal ligand compared to the histidine that we have seen in case of hemoglobin let us say right. Another thing is of course, there are electron transfer processes and proton transfer processes which which can also be there, but in mainly in cytochrome P450 I think this axial ligand is varying and that makes a lot of difference. If this axial ligand was histidine this oxygen-oxygen bond cleavage may not have been that easy. Let us look at therefore, then what is the role of this cysteine ligand for this oxygen-oxygen bond cleavage ok. So, overall as you can see that this cysteine ligation to the iron III center actually helps in a multiple way. One of the thing that it definitely helps that for cytochrome C there are lot of side chain and this proton conduit that helps overall in protonating such a iron III peroxo intermediate right. So, this iron III peroxo intermediate is getting protonated with the help of of this proton conduit. So, this charge relay through this trionine 252 and aspartate 251 is suggested for the proton conduit to deliver proton to peroxo before oxygen-oxygen cleavage ok. So, this peroxo unit itself without this protonation that means, the peroxo unit itself that means, without this protonation it cannot undergo the oxygen-oxygen body. So, this peroxo unit itself without the protonation cannot undergo the oxygen-oxygen bond cleavage. So, the peroxo unit has to be protonated in the process and that protonation is helped by this side chains different side chain that is present over there. You see there is a big relay process that is happening by which this protonation is taking place right. So, the side chain definitely helps in the overall process of the cytochrome P450 mechanism and more importantly this cysteine can push electron through this S cell iron and through the iron-oxygen bond and therefore, the cleavage of the oxygen-oxygen bond becomes much more facile. Has it been the histidine then this push would have been missing and therefore, this oxygen-oxygen cleavage would have been much difficult. So, the histidine is not a negatively charged ligand. The negatively charged ligand cysteine thiolate helps overall in breaking the oxygen-oxygen bond. So, the cysteine thiolate provides strong axial donation to the iron center referred to as big push and therefore, facilitates the oxygen-oxygen cleavage and stabilizes high valent iron center. Overall, not only this cysteine big push cleaves the oxygen-oxygen bond it also helps in helps in stabilize the high valent iron-oxo intermediate that is going to be formed at this iron center. So, just to summarize this part therefore, the role of this cysteine thiolate versus hemoglobin myoglobin this histidine is quite crucial. Nature has utilized heme center in both the cases as you can see both in hemoglobin and myoglobin and cytochrome P450 there is heme center for both reversible oxygen binding and oxygen activation. If you are looking carefully for the hemoglobin myoglobin this is a reversible oxygen binding there is no substrate sitting close to this hemoglobin and myoglobin therefore, just very efficiently it can transport oxygen without doing any oxygenation chemistry with the any organic substrate. So, this is the same species the common intermediate for both hemoglobin myoglobin and cytochrome P450 despite having the common intermediate this case it is just transport oxygen or reversibly binds oxygen it does not do any oxygenation chemistry. On the other hand cytochrome P450 obviously, forms the same intermediate, but it engages the substrate as you have seen many different substrate in in taking taking the oxygenation reaction for forward right. So, this this is quite amazing by utilizing the same cofactor the iron for firing nature have decided to do completely different function in one case it is transporting oxygen in another case it is making the oxygen reactive to do the oxygenation chemistry. In other word by having or by changing the axial ligand from the histidine to cysteine it is possible to tune the heme function and therefore, both the oxygen oxygen cleavage and the stabilization of iron oxo species which are high valence species can be possible in cytochrome P450. As you have seen protein side change also helps overall in the process to provide to provide the required environment for the protonation and overall process of the oxygen-oxygen cleavage as well as the substrate binding, substrate orientation everything helps to make cytochrome P450 and very effective and effective effective a very effective enzyme ok. So, I hope it is now clear that why nature has chosen the different axial ligand for different enzyme in case of cytochrome P450 it is one axial ligand everything else remains same in case of hemoglobin myoglobin it is another axial ligand ok and you have seen the reason behind it ok. Now, we are going to see the you know reactive intermediate in case of cytochrome P450 well as you have noticed that we have proposed a number of intermediates. Now, is there any support in favor of those proposed intermediate or these intermediates are going to be extremely difficult to crystallize only I think reliable data you can get perhaps through the spectroscopic technique. For instance resonance Raman, X-Aps, Jazz or even visible low temperature definitely is one of the most characteristics characteristic feature or characteristic thing you can get. But many attempt has been made to make these material crystalline and use different trapping techniques by which the intermediate perhaps can be trapped. Now, there is cryo crystallography lowering the temperature and doing the crystallography under super cool condition, but then these techniques has its own limitation and more importantly if the crystal structure or crystal quality is not great enough the conclusion that can be drawn from those study can be problematic ok. There are many issues controversies, controversies, caveats of these cryo crystallographic studies and the trapping technique that has been used for these for these for this cytochrome P450 intermediate studies, but nonetheless still it can shed light about the putative intermediates. Once again these intermediates are crystallographically although some of them are characterized, but still they are not free of debate. That is particularly because the the resolution that is the resolution that one can get and therefore the conclusion that can be drawn at a particular iron oxygen center or iron center regarding its regarding its existence I think can be questionable. Well, despite having that let us see this is a porphyrin iron center as you have seen this crystal structure before iron is sitting outside because this is this is not in the plane yet it gets inside the plane only upon oxygen binding and then reduction to the super oxygen ok. It is only gets into the plane only upon oxidation to iron 3 plus and binding with oxygen. So, this is the crystal structure we have seen before and here is the here is the organic substrate camphor that is placed right in front of the active site. Now it has been proposed that there is a iron 4 oxo intermediate and it has been crystallographically characterized. Now once again there is a debate, but that debate is whether this is really iron 4 oxo or an aqua molecule although the crystal structures can be informative in this case it cannot resolve beyond doubt that this is a high valent iron oxo intermediate, but it looks quite reasonable though as you can see the bond length and bond length is shorter, but perhaps not short enough and overall it seems like it is an it is the intermediate for what has been suggested for the cytochrome P450 compounds ok. There is yet another intermediate which shows that iron center is bound with oxygen. So, these are all remain quite interesting intermediate and some of them can be debated, but these studies are very difficult to do and therefore, it could be highly rewarding, but perhaps still it is not 100 percent clear how these things must be happening in the enzyme and this is where synthetic studies can be quite useful. If one can have the crystal structure of such compounds then the matching of the data with that of the cryocrystallographic technique of the enzyme can be extremely useful. So, let us look back the mechanism once again. So, what has been proposed that this iron 3 plus is getting reduced to iron 2 plus first till it is not part of the complete for firing plane upon oxygen binding and electron transfer it forms the iron 3 superoxo it gets into the cavity of the porphyrin and then electron transfer protonation gives the iron 3 hydro peroxo species. Now, this oxygen binding or superoxo intermediate structure or the peroxo intermediate structure these intermediates remain quite exciting to crystallographically characterize, but overall this intermediate is suggested to be crystallized, but again although crystal structure is quite definitive usually, but in these cases there is there is still debate whether this is really the intermediate that is been trapped, but nonetheless this mechanism has been supported by many different groups and evidences in support of these intermediates has been collected although crystallographic characterization remain bit controversial. We will come back some of these iron oxygen chemistry pretty iron hydrogen peroxos chemistry pretty soon just to remind you that these cytochrome P450 once again is quite exciting enzyme. In the next part of today's lecture we will discuss peroxidase and catalase ok. So, you know these are once again the him iron center and these makes quite an exciting story for themselves because they can convert also intermediates into quite fascinating examples ok. So, for instance you can start just like cytochrome P450 peroxidase are starting with iron 3 aqua complex it is in ferric resting state ok. As you can see of course, it would be it would be out of the plane and aqua molecule is over there. So, this is in resting state in presence of hydrogen peroxide just to remind you as we have discussed iron 3 can react with hydrogen peroxide to give the iron 3 hydro peroxo species right that is the compound 0. So, we have discussed it in the peroxide shunt mechanism. So, this is the peroxidase chemistry one equivalent of hydrogen peroxide gives rise to of course, displaces one water molecule and gives rise to the iron 3 hydro peroxo species. This hydro peroxo species upon protonation of this hydroxide unit terminal hydroxide unit gives another equivalent of water and it forms the iron 4 radical cation also intermediate ok. So, this is the same chemistry as you have seen in case of cytochrome P450, but these are completely different enzyme or in other words cytochrome P450 in absence of suitable oxygen and the reductant these species can be formed. So, these are a completely different class of enzyme which are fascinating which converts hydrogen peroxide into corresponding water right. It can be instead of hydrogen peroxide it can take an alkyl peroxide in presence of the hydrogen atom donor it can convert into the alcohol if it is let us say alkyl peroxide corresponding alkyl alcohol alcohol will be formed along with the formation of water molecule. So, once again we start from ferric resting state react with we will we have a water binding this hydrogen peroxo reaction with iron 3 gives rise to the iron 3 hydro peroxo intermediate. This displaced water is one of these water and then the protonation on this hydroxo terminal hydroxo gives rise to the gives rise to the another water molecule. That proton source can be one of the terminal proton for from the hydrogen peroxide right. Overall it forms these iron 4 oxo radical cation intermediate which is nothing, but as we discussed iron 5 oxo as you know that these iron 3 hydro peroxo it can be called as compound 0 this iron high valent oxo intermediate can be called or is usually called in the literature as compound 1. So, radical as we have discussed in the last place and seen that radical will be on the heme site ok on the heme usually or it could be a tryptophan or in trirosine. Overall it would require still one electron and one proton that means hydrogen atom to convert these high valent iron oxo into the iron 4 hydroxo intermediate ok. We have we have seen this before in the same way in cytochrome P450 this compound iron 4 hydroxo without the radical cation on the porphyrin is known as the compound 2 ok. So, compound 0, compound 1 and compound 2 from there on another equivalent of the hydrogen atom which is the combination of electron and proton will gives rise to the generation of the ferric resting step. So, overall as we discussed that if it is hydrogen peroxide then it will end up giving 2 equivalent of water. If it is alkyl hydro peroxide it will end up giving one equivalent of alcohol and another equivalent of the water molecule. So, this peroxidase chemistry comes into the picture when there is let us say even for cytochrome P450 when there is no oxygen available or reducton available these sort of chemistry start kicks in, but this peroxidase enzyme is quite effective in converting the hydrogen peroxo into water and this is useful because hydrogen peroxide can do quite a lot of other side reaction in absence of such mechanism of the peroxidase chemistry. Next, let us look at the catalase chemistry. Catalase this is the catalytic cycle of catalase once again we start from the ferric resting state. This is the iron 3 plus water molecule the ferric resting state and in this particular case we will convert once again similar to what we have seen we have taken a hydrogen peroxide and converted into 2 equivalent of water just via this iron 3 hydro peroxo intermediate as we have discussed in the peroxidase cases. It forms this high valent iron oxo intermediate iron 4 oxo with the radical cation intermediate. Now this radical cation iron 4 oxo intermediate can then go back to the resting state directly without having those 2 hydrogen atom if enough hydrogen peroxide is present right. If enough hydrogen peroxide is present then this hydrogen peroxide can give another equivalent can give water and oxygen to regenerate the iron 3 hydroxyl aqua species. So, catalase catalyzes the composition of hydrogen peroxide. The second H 2 O 2 is responsible for the 2 electron reduction of iron 4. So, this is of course, this is essentially iron 5 because this is a radical cation is there. So, the second H 2 O 2 that means, this one is responsible for reduction of 2 reduction by 2 electron to form this high valent iron intermediate to iron 3 intermediate. The iron 4 hydroxo that is getting generated in the peroxidase chemistry that can still form in here if insufficient amount of hydrogen peroxide is available. So, the amount of hydrogen peroxide will determine whether this species is directly going back to there or this iron hydro peroxo species is getting formed into the process. So, this settling between these 2 intermediate will be clean if enough hydrogen peroxide is there. If enough hydrogen peroxide is not there still this intermediate can start kick in ok. And these are in lot of cases these catalase activity are dependent on NADPH those are called NADPH dependent catalyzes which actually essentially ensures that the electron reduction or electron transfer to this site occurs without any trouble even if there is a deficiency in hydrogen peroxide concentration or amount of hydrogen peroxide. So, what we have seen so far in the peroxidase and catalase catalase cycle is essentially it is a page out of the cytochrome P450 chemistry. It has in particular for peroxidase chemistry it has compound 0, compound 1 and compound 2 which is exactly same as what we have seen in cytochrome P450. But for peroxidase chemistry it is essential to have 2 hydrogen atom donation from a source, but in presence of such 2 hydrogen atom donation hydrogen peroxide can be converted to 2 equivalent of water. Not only hydrogen peroxide it can take care of any alkyl hydro peroxo in the process. As you can see compound 0, compound 1 and compound 2 all are part of the peroxidase cycle just like what you have seen in case of cytochrome P450. The source of hydrogen peroxide or alkyl hydro peroxo will depend what type of chemistry or what type of product is forming over there, but for catalase chemistry it is only usage of or use of hydrogen peroxide no alkyl hydro peroxide will be involved. Now these hydrogen peroxide will cleanly form just the oxygen and water molecule 2 equivalent of hydrogen peroxide will be converted to oxygen and water molecule ok. So, this is quite fascinating provided there is enough hydrogen peroxide is involved or enough hydrogen peroxide is available this catalase cycle is quite exciting and we will be able to degrade hydrogen peroxide quite efficiently to oxygen and water. In absence of enough hydrogen peroxide there is always a possibility of forming this high valent iron 4 hydroxo intermediate, but this sort of intermediate prevents formation in the in the catalase activity can still be still be shut down if these are NADPH dependent hydro peroxidases right or sorry catalases if these are NADPH dependent catalases then it is still ensures that this is the catalytic cycle that is being formed. So, to summarize what we have seen today that catalase is the easiest enzyme to kind of follow it settles between the iron 3 aqua molecule of course, going by iron 3 hydro peroxo to form a high valent iron 4 oxoradical cation and these two intermediate resting state and the active substrate settles among each other very quickly, but for that to happen you need to have enough hydrogen peroxide present and NADPH can be also be of help. In the case of the peroxidase it is just the peroxide is important in addition there is also this hydrogen donor hydrogen atom donor right that comes into handy. So, as you have seen these all these chemistry has relevance with respect to cytochrome P450 as well. Cytochrome P450 mechanism let me take you there once more very briefly we can we can have over here as you can see for peroxidase chemistry it is settling here. This is the chemistry we are seeing for cytochrome P450 we can go through all these way for in case of catalase chemistry it is the settling between this state and that state ok and of course, it goes via the hydro peroxo, but so it can be this intermediate to that intermediate to that back to that ok. So, this settling is quite interesting see it is part of the bigger cycle only, but it is still still still settles. So, cytochrome P450 mechanism is exactly the circular one peroxide shunt or the peroxidase mechanism would be over here this is the peroxidase mechanism for the catalase mechanism it is going to be from here to there to there and back there. So, this 3 intermediate iron 3 compound 0 although it is transient and then compound 1 back to the iron 3 resting state right. So, you see the bigger picture it is very simple and clear once again cytochrome P450 goes by this mechanism peroxidase goes by this mechanism hydrogen peroxide is converted into water completely to equivalent of water by this process and catalase mechanism will be from here to there to there and back in there ok 1, 2, 3 only these 3 are involved ok. Well, as you can see there is always a possibility of drifting little bit, but the NADPH and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide ensures that none of these are happening way too much ok. With this I would like to conclude today our discussion cytochrome P450 and peroxidase and catalysis keep studying I hope it is getting clear and these are really interesting enzyme and they as you have seen can really do quite a lot of beautiful chemistry. So, we will be back soon keep studying cytochrome P450 and other enzymes.