Rydyn ni'n gael gweithio eich 3D cyfgledd. A, yn fwy yw'n gweithio eich 3D cyfledd yn gweithio eich pryd y pryd yw'r ardal, Ac mae'n gweithio'n gweithio, ychydig mae'r clangau'n gweithio pryd ar 3D cyfledd. Yn ddod os gallu gweld yr eich epyswyd, cyfle'r mewn llef! Rydyn ni'n ddod o'r hwn. Aser, y cyfarfod ymhell pan yw'r cyfarfod drwg yn maen nhw. Mae'n fawr angen i'r gyfarfod olwyr, wedyn fawr iawn amdano. Rwy'r cas fel cofid ni efallai at y tu beth sy'n meddwl yw fwyaf awt hynny a drwy'r cyfarfod i fynd ymhell maes eu hwn. Ond rydyn ni'n eich cynnal yma sy'n coi wrth gwirionedd am ychydig ac nad oeddwn i g objectionoedd y Maes is best Brunel and then the digital revolution with Tim Berners-Lee and the next cube and I realised that there was probably coming together of these things and that would be a bit exciting. I also felt very old when I saw this because I built my first website sort of about six months after they released the code and I suddenly realised I had been building websites for 20 years and I thought, oh, I'd quite like change now. Don't really want to do that for the next 20 years. The irony of that will become obvious to you fairly soon. So we decided as a way of thinking about this to go and laser scan something. We were really interested in what this data looked like and felt like and the thing that we decided to laser scan obviously was a vintage Victorian steam engine. This is Winifred. She worked in the quarries up in Wales. She then was bought by an American Antiquities dealer, sold to the guy who ran the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and stayed in dry storage in the States for 40-odd years and then came back to Wales. So we thought there's a really interesting time capsule there in that engine and actually because it's going to be restored we'd like to make a digital time capsule of it. So we scanned it, we photographed it from every angle with really, really high resolution cameras and we could make a really accurate 3D model of it which we then for fun printed out some parts one to one scale which then got all the IP lawyers really, really excited because they said so this is effectively a replacement part for a Victorian steam engine in stainless steel and we went yep and they said what does that mean for the future of IP and we went you're the lawyers go figure and we're still having interesting conversations with them about that sort of thing but we actually think you know the whole well basically the physical world needs to learn from the music industry and start selling the shapes to its things before piracy happens I think that's the answer. We then also printed out a smaller version of it because we wanted to know how it felt to hold it and then because in the dim and distant past I was the CTO who built Moshi monsters weird things happened to me like wired stalks me and before I knew it there was a wired piece and Radio 4 had invited me on and then we got invited to World Makeover in New York because they said we love what you're doing and we said what are we doing we're just laser scanning strange trains we're not quite sure yet but something emerged at Make Affair that was really interesting which was that kids boys and girls came along and tried to put the parts together to try and assemble small models of steam trains and we thought that was exciting especially since there was a 3D printed jewelry store right next to us a beautiful jewelry and the girls weren't interested they were really interested in the obscure Welsh steam trains which was great and we realized that we could talk to them about what we'd done and about how amazing it was that this object had run for 80 years and how make doing men culture was amazing and we thought there was something interesting in that and we came away from it having talked to Dr Sue Black who was out in New York at the time and decided that we were going to look at how we could use 3D printing for education and we arrived back and in the office was our lovely make about replicator 2 we thought this is brilliant we're off we're sorted and then we printed a whole load of absolute rubbish none of it worked it all fell apart it was very disappointing and we realized that actually 3D printing is easy and hard at the same time which is an interesting thing because first graph of the day 3D printing is is about to cross the chasm from the geeks to the normals which is kind of exciting not quite sure when but it's it's coming we see lots of interest in it we go to parents evenings at schools and parents start saying how much is that I'd quite like one for home and so we think that actually 3D printing according to Gartner is somewhere here in the miserable bit but actually that's good because it means that we have some fun products for when it gets into the nice bit of the graph but for us to do that we need to understand the difference between us in the room geeks assuming most of you are because you're here at this and the normal people so what's the difference well actually geeks are creators and they really don't like buying content and they think it's really odd that anyone would buy content and they love to tinker and they like things that aren't quite finished because it gives them a challenge mass market people totally totally different so they hate a challenge they're moaned to their friends if it's not quite there their consumers rather than creators they get scared about creative stuff there's an enormous number of them it's a huge number more of them than there are of us and the matter what we think we're never going to change that we're never going to educate a whole load of adults become geeks we might get their children which is the interesting bit but they will buy content so time for a trip down memory lane which used to sound really great somebody didn't turn the sound on that's no I think we muted still okay splendid so we'll just sing along so we know that that was normal television back when we were young we remember it the cheekiness wasn't for you oh I knew I was in trouble here but actually that day is long gone and if you talk to those lovely people the venture capitalists they'll tell you that actually this is the new television YouTube's new television people going online and watching all sorts of stuff on YouTube and that's that's the new thing they're so so wrong new television for normals is Netflix not only is it more revenue but it's more profit because they don't have to store all the silly videos of cats that nobody ever watches and so actually they make a lot more money and normal people happily pay for Netflix rather than go scouring through YouTube for content ask any of your friends who is normal now tell you that's true and so this is TV for normals and you can tell it is because actually remote controls now even have their own button for it so between two versions of this remote control that button there which was all about information turned into a Netflix button so sonny's not really playing around when it's doing that sort of thing and everyone says to me well Netflix is a platform or it's an app or things like that and actually I think it's more exciting than that I think it's a publisher publishers are cool they curate stuff normal people like publishers they like record labels they like magazines they like books they might not come in the same format they used to buy them in but they still buy them and so we think that actually the way you jump the chasm is in content and it's happened before so you needed hit CDs for CD players to take off they didn't really take off until there are lots of CDs that you might want or more importantly CDs that you know you'd already owned on tape and you heard at a friend's house and you thought might sound better and actually the iPod which everyone sees as this big runaway success wasn't until we had the iTunes store because actually normal people don't rip their CDs it just doesn't happen and everyone talks about computers is this great creativity thing we all learned to code and wasn't a mother's they took off because of games that's what it took off people playing manic minor going to school telling their mates their mates pestering their parents for a spectrum and the cycle goes on and on and on so content's really important but will any old content do and the answer is no so airfix is a really interesting one airfix is first kit everyone thinks was a Spitfire but it wasn't it was a tractor it didn't do very well in Woolworth's actually as soon as they did a Spitfire a Spitfire is a greatest hit everyone wanted one it was just after the war everyone loved the Spitfire and they immediately followed it up with the hurricane they sold tons and if you talk to them now the first thing they launch in any line is a Spitfire even nowadays lots of games consoles launch with people like Sonic because it's comfortable you kind of know what it is and actually if you look at stuff like um Toys to Life and and these sort of games like Skylanders that you've got children you find very expensive actually when they launch they went back to a character from a previous generation Spyro because they know there's something comfortable about it even the scary moody head of Phil Collins was important so in the air tonight was one of the biggest video hits on MTV when it started and then we mentioned these guys before and then look at the iTunes store actually when they came to launch the iTunes store they switched the music that they had in the background so it was always edgy things you hadn't heard before so as the iTunes store came out roll out you too and off we go and there's a reason for this which is that greatest hits act as a comfort blanket for normal people when they are faced with a new transaction or a new medium or a new device or whatever actually what they really love is greatest hits and we think that's kind of important because actually we think 3d printing is not just an interesting manufacturing thing we actually think it's an entertainment medium as well we're really interested about what people make playfully at home what kids will make playfully what will fit in with people's hobbies that's far more interesting than manufacturing and if you look at some of the early licenses that have signed up to create 3d printable content they're really really great so it's people like Sesame Street Martha Stewart Living and Hasbro and those are all available to download purchasable as well and we hope we're going to be there too so who's we some of you in the audience may know Dean Vipe on here others of you may know James Richard Mark Simkins the other one's my wife she's a bit of a background person she doesn't like me saying that but she's actually very very good at marketing venture capitalist lovely people they always congratulate me on hiring my wife when I married her because she'd worked in marketing for a publishing company at Oxford University Press I do so love venture capitalists and what we're trying to do is we're trying to reinvent an effect with 3d printing the effect we're trying to reinvent is not the grey and the brown and the green from the 1980s and it really was that colour palette it hasn't faded um we're trying to reinvent the effect on devices like the zx81 and the spectrum and manic minor to do with 3d printing we're trying to make playful things that we hope will be like those games there'll be an easy comfortable first thing for people to do so an important thing about this is parents and teachers parents and teachers are normals they'll meet their first 3d printer they'll get scared about it they won't know what to do with it same thing happened before with the spectrum you ask anyone who's parent bought a spectrum you said what did your parents do and they they opened the box and maybe they put some of the cables together but they didn't really do much with it if they're a normal person they didn't what they did was they went to wh smiths and they bought a book and they maybe bought a magazine as well and you sat and you typed in code and things like that and they still do so this was the one of the biggest selling books the last two years sold huge numbers of copies um publishing industry absolutely loved it and uh people who bought it were parents parents and grandparents they wanted to understand what the kids were doing they wanted to help them they didn't understand that actually stampi and all of those people whose videos they thought were inane drivel were actually the tutorials that the kids needed so they bought a book and then they went and read the book and then they understood it a bit more and this again comes back to where the tech industry doesn't quite understand normals and i mean the the london silicon valley cult esque tech industry because you go and talk to a venture capitalist or somebody who's a a techie and they'll go magazines so the publishing industry exists still and everyone doing it on tablets and we've actually invented a new challenge that we're going to try out which is we'll lend a venture capitalist a small child and take them to a wh smiths and tell them they have to escape without buying a magazine or the child crying because we think they're all going to fail miserably because we all do and so we're really interested in this we're talking to magazine publishers and we're also talking to book publishers because we want to make products that normal people understand so that's the sort of scene setting bit so now we get on to what we're actually doing our product development started last year when we hired this chap this is my son tom he's our head of product testing he's very very useful he has no empathy or diplomacy so if things aren't right he tends to throw them back at you across the table which is really good so he and I sat in the office trying to make lego bricks because we were really interested in tolerances on 3d printers and how well we could get into work well i was interested in that he was interested in the biscuits more than the 3d printer and eventually when we could get them to clutch properly to lego he was really happy and just went oh it's slightly stripey lego which is the point at which we knew all about the tolerances of three or four different 3d printers and how they changed and how they changed with different bits of filament and stuff like that and we then thought that's interesting we now know how to create assemblies of things because up until now 3d printing has been more about trinkets than assemblies of things there are only so many beautiful 3d printed vases you can ever own in your life and we started then thinking well that's interesting but where do we get the greatest hits of the world and the answer of course is in museums that's where they reside so i think it's fair to say that the the modern age gallery in the science museum is kind of a mini greatest hits of the world it's sort of now that's what i call 20th century if you like so we started looking at how we worked with museums because we thought that would be a really good first step in our three stage plan to world domination stroke getting 3d prints in schools and we went to a thing called museums and heritage and we met these two lovely people this is natalie and fahana and they're the education team at tower bridge and they said to us would we develop a STEM education plan for them and we said we'd love to and we said you'll have to use a 3d printer and they said oh okay we've never seen one before so this is actually the first time they'd seen one in operation so it's a great leap of faith from them and to sort of help them through this process we made loads and loads of prototypes of all different stages and we sort of sat down we showed them to them because we wanted them not to ever be surprised about what they might have to teach the kids with because they're normal so we're asking them to go out of their comfort zone by teaching kids about STEM and coding and electronics and 3d printing and we then had the most amazing experience which is we got to play with the original plans for tower bridge we got to see them we got to photograph them we even got to touch a couple of them we also discovered the greatest bond villain that's never been the infamous bascule chamber which we think would be really really good and the bascule chamber is a bit that the bridge drops down into and then we got to go down there which was the most amazing privilege and we filmed loads of it because actually no kids ever going to be allowed to go down the really steep steps we had to even though that door was where victorian children had to go to clean and to make the workings work again so we went into the chamber and we decided so that we could tell stories about that door to children that we'd put it into the 3d printed model that we were building and we got to film through all sorts of amazing access panels we actually had to create a special camera rig to film from one angle it was either that or be two feet away from the bridge when it was opening which none of us really liked the idea of and we took some quite amazing footage such as this one that kids really really love obviously that's a bit speeded up but lessons are kind of short and so we then started working on how we made a 3d printable tower bridge that they could play with we did loads of this in the open this was the first time that it opened this is the oxford launch pad inside business school obviously it's speeded up a bit people don't really move that fast in there they're busy but not quite that busy we had to get it working that day because the following day Matt Hancock who's the minister for skills was coming and we thought it was a really good opportunity for us to bend his ear about what should happen and then we then we took it to Matt of Faharna and there's nothing lovelier than seeing glee in the face of clients it makes you feel like you've done a good job and this is the classroom that this gets taught in it's actually inside the bridge which is quite an amazing venue and the kids go in they assemble pre 3d printed models of tower bridge there's a 3d printer in the corner that wears away and what it wears away doing is making cogs so these are the magic cogs that lift the bridge these are the exciting bit this humble little thing lifts that massive bridge and all the kids get to take one home and the reason why they do is that we want them to tell the story of what they've seen to their classmates their parents to their friends their teachers and what we'd love to do is have loads of these experiences at different museums around the world and eventually you build up a little tiny library a little tiny museum of things that you've got from these places but the important thing is the questions that they ask you after they've seen the 3d printer working it shows they've understood totally what this thing does and more importantly what it will do for them so they ask how many layers are there what's the plastic could you do it in this could you do it in that can you do more than one material we actually had a really interesting discussion with one small boy who's 10 about poly jet multi material jetting which we thought was quite an advanced topic to be discussing with a 10-year-old but actually he really really got it which we were quite pleased because it sounds boggling most of the time when you hear it in conferences and in the first six months of these sessions in Towerbridge we taught over 2,000 children actually we did a train the trainer thing so the education team taught them from over 60 schools it's now booked fully for this term they've had to take on a new member of staff which is really really exciting for them and the thing that we did was we then went and looked at all of the bits that we'd made and looked at where they need sticky tape we looked at where bits had broken and we then started re-engineering it so that actually we could make ones that would stand up to the test of time and what this taught us was about how to make things that weren't wobbly and how the kids would really love it and how you made fixtures and fittings that that would power classrooms for years at a time so these are being used four days a week so they've got to be robust and kids as young as 10 can put them together can do actually nine I think was the youngest that put the electronics in do the coding and make the bridge lift which is pretty exciting so museums are the first step into it and why are museums so exciting the answer is because of footfall so the British Museum who we're talking to at the moment has 270,000 children go through it every year so actually we can get a whole load of those kids exposed to 3D printing really really quick if we can get enough of the really big museums involved the next step of the pathway and it's exciting about talking about today because we've launched something today is about schools so for schools we're going to do subscriptions to schools and actually again we're thinking very much around what are teachers how do they feel about these things they're normal people how are they feeling what do they need to make these machines work in the classroom and the answer is they need content so we went to the bet show in London which for those of you who haven't been is a wonderful but hellish environment where several hundred thousand people come through over the space of four days and we took a little tiny printed guide to what we thought 3D printing was and we sat down with a whole load of teachers took lots of biscuits had some chairs which are really really good at trade shows and we just didn't really stop for four days this was one day at bed you can see tower bridge flapping up and down there people loved it because actually we had things that moved and things that flashed and they were used to digital whiteboards which are boring kids senseless in classrooms at the moment lots of yeah lots of teachers are really finding it hard to motivate kids especially because about one third of children are actually kinesthetic learners they learn by touch and digital classrooms don't really help them although a futurist I once met from from Pearson said that's okay we can give them haptic gloves brilliant great idea all the real world one or the other I don't mind and we went back from there and we spent a lot of time in our rather cluttered space thinking about what we could do for teachers and the answer was to create a whole load of things they could print out and not just 3D print but actually printing paper so this is where again we have discussions with the venture capitalist who don't understand it and they say where's the iPad app and we'll say that actually you're lucky if you get a laptop that works in schools so we've got instructions lesson plans visual aids ones that can be projected ones that can be printed out we've got activity sheets we've got things in this kit where you make paper planes we've got other ones where you design butterfly wings so it's all very very low tech but the high tech bit is the 3D printable content and it's things that you wouldn't normally be able to get hold of in a classroom so for example fossils so you can do lots of lovely 3D printed fossils the kids can hold them if one of them nicks it it's not a problem they cost about 40p to print but we also do them in these 3D printed rocks so you can actually do fossil hunts in schools so you can put them together you can go and bury the rocks they can do a grid and they can do a proper fossil hunt so we're trying to make education playful and the things that we're disrupting in that lovely digital term from the valley are people who sell lesson plans because actually they only sell lesson plans and the teachers then have to go and source the physical props to go with it which they don't have time for and so actually the lessons aren't quite so effective and people who sell physical props but they don't come with lesson plans because they can't be bothered to make the lesson plan and then the teacher has the thing that stands in the corner of the room doesn't really do much and actually is normally so costly to purchase they never let the kids touch them in case a bit of it goes so actually we sit in the middle with both of them and you can plant replacement parts anytime you like so if a small child runs away with the lungs of the human body that's okay you can print another pair of lungs but more importantly we want to disrupt the the pure tedium of most of the lesson plan providers they really haven't thought about primary schools being places where you can learn through play and so we had a lot of teachers talk to us at bed and say could you do a 3d printed volcano that the kids can touch and we said yeah we can do that we can easily do that we can go and get some geo data and they went can you do something else with it to make it more exciting and so we had a bit of a think so we cut a thread in mount hood and you can now screw it onto any coca cola bottle this is the first time we ran it and there you go you get a lovely lovely lovely eruption um it gets more fun if you do it with kids there's been no sound here isn't so there's lots of screaming in that video which you'd hear if the sound was on there's also the sound of my father who is in the background who is a science teacher going stand back now um because you know as a science teacher you have to make sure everyone's away from the experiment when you go and it was actually when we did this that we realised who our enemy was and it was dull lesson plans and it was wrong lesson plans and the the worst example of this uh comes from this book people actually do a lesson which is about making stonehenge with biscuits because biscuits are cheap and um and they go ah the children have learnt how to make stonehenge with biscuits and it falls down it's just like the real stonehenge what they've realised is the real stonehenge stood for about four and a half thousand years and so actually was a brilliant piece of engineering and you wouldn't know that because actually bourbon biscuits don't come with mortise and tenon joints in them like the real stonehenge does and so we think there's a better way to teach children about that sort of thing in the 21st century so we're talking at the moment with English heritage about getting the lidar data and we've done a few test prints and we now know that we can make a stonehenge that fits together the proper way and it doesn't fall down because it's properly engineered and and we can hopefully banish biscuits to the biscuit tin around in the classroom and then um we had some teachers say to us we'd like to teach maths we'd like to teach engineering we'd like to teach structures but at the moment we either do it with marshmallows and spaghetti or with straws and blue tack we could do it with connex but connex is really expensive and it always walks uh we know this very well because actually we had to pat our five-year-old son down every day when he left school at EYU because he'd often have a creation he'd made with connex he was trying to smuggle out to show us um so what we've done and what we launched today are these things called straw blocks and they're 3D printed blocks that take ordinary drinking straws these are the ones you can buy from IKEA 200 straws 55p each of the blocks costs about 10p to print we've open sourced the design so everyone can play with it we've done lots and lots of play testing with small people and you can make all sorts of mathematical shapes you can make all sorts of engineering shapes where you can start crossbracing them like this particular cube this is our older son making it he's actually a really good tester he probably won't mind me saying this but actually his dexterity with his fingers isn't that great his fine motor control isn't great so he's been perfect for testing this sort of stuff i made a bridge because i like engineering there it is without my ugly mug in the background we made an arched bridge which is probably more the sort of bridges that we'd find around here my wife who does all the marketing made a little stick man which you can obviously pose in any way and you can do for animation you could in closing clay to to all sorts of things and and i had the great joy so every now and then i get joys of being a CEO most of the time i wish i was a CTO again because actually a CEO i now have to deal with all sorts of unpleasant people but every now and then you get a real win like putting a webpage live that says what can you make of them a hat approach a pterodactyl for anyone who likes airplane in the audience and then there's a slight problem with these connectors which was shown up by our head of content who has very clearly created a fertility totem and so and so we might have to go a bit slower on the whole user-generated content site because someone's bound to do something worse than that at some point pretty soon so that's how we do stuff for schools and we're starting to think about what we would do for the home we think the home market is a long way further off this is a rather lovely new machine from 3d systems some people don't like it because it's actually got cartridges you slot into the side that have got plastic in there we think that normal people aren't going to want to spool the plastic and actually they'll love something it feels more like a normal printer that one kind of does apart from it's so loud you can't hear the telly when it's running which is a bit disappointing but we think that that market is going to take off partly because these guys just hired the retail chief of Bose speakers to be their retail chief and you kind of don't do that unless you're serious so we're starting to think about the home market we hope it'll be a bit more like the education market and that we can teach kids a bit as we're doing stuff so heading towards the end so what's our mission as a company well we think that by taking these things from museums and dropping them into schools and dropping them into homes we can inspire a whole generation of kids we want to be a 3d printing brand that kids love and that teachers come to us when they need help because sure as hell they're going to and that parents trust and if we can do that and make education more playful along the way that'd be great it's also really important this is one of mark's lovely phrases so mark has done all sorts of important things to the bbc in the past like democracy now and then he and I worked together when he was project managing the vogue uk ipad app not as much fun as you might think lots of very pouty moody women to look at all day long they really did need to smile possibly someone should have given them a biscuit but mark's comment is actually we're just a publisher and all we do is we publish 3d files in the same way that a record label publishes mp3s or amazon publishes e-pub they're just digital content files and it's easier to think of them that way it also saves us a lot of money just thinking we're a publisher because it means we don't go on crazy technology driven wild goose chases the irony is both mark and I a few years ago when we'd done the vogue things that we're never going to build another bloody cms in our life and actually it turns out we're building another cms at the moment in the long term if we get it right and we can inspire these kids we think that actually we can have a similar sort of effect that the spectrum did so the spectrum created a whole generation of people who coded and actually as a generation we've changed things we've changed publishing we've changed media we've changed communication we've changed commerce so actually if kids can get playing with 3d printers they can change extraordinary things and that's the thing that gets us up every morning the other thing that gets us up every morning is is thinking and why we destroy so many post-it notes doing it is thinking about really important things about teachers so I briefly mentioned my dad earlier so he was a science teacher and then he went on to teach people how to be science teachers we're very lucky that he's on our advisory board and he occasionally says some really really important things about what it is to be a teacher which actually you wouldn't know unless you were one and the first one's about courage and it's the thing actually that the whole geek community doesn't understand we see a new bit of tech we go at it and we go oh it doesn't matter if I fail and actually that's because we're not failing in front of 30 kids and actually that's what would happen to a teacher if the stuff they were doing in class wasn't right and there's a very important diagram to do with teaching called the jihari window and basically everyone starts off as being an unconscious incompetent you don't know what you don't know most teachers whenever the government changes the curriculum or whenever a new piece of technology drops into the into the classroom immediately go here which is the most uncomfortable place in history it's like I know I don't know something I know I'm not good at this and yet we geeks governments all sorts people expect teachers to just be able to cope and so what we're doing is we hope creating products that basically get them to hear really really quickly so they feel comfortable because if they don't feel comfortable then the pattern that we see in schools will keep going on and that pattern is that the 3d printer stays in the cupboard and it never comes out and the kids never see it and so it may well as not be there and that's why we're doing things like this with little tiny interventions that teachers can print out and lesson plans that go with them that will help them along the way we've also been doing some stuff with little bits about coding and about electronics and about how to do computational thinking by putting together their devices and then making things like tower bridge move with them that we think will help lots of primary school teachers feel more comfortable about teaching computational thinking because they're not coders and it's a bit unfair to think that they're teaching it straight away the other thing that we think about a lot and this is really really important is that there's nothing worse for a teacher than a bright board kid in class because the teacher's job is to try and bring everyone up at the same level and they've been trained for that so they'll naturally go back to that whenever they see a class dynamic whenever they see a group dynamic they will be constantly trying to rescue the middle and the bottom into the class because that's how they know they'll succeed and actually this is where there's another important graph that comes in which is that actually children go all the way up through this level they go all the way from recall translation interpretation so if we never show them a device they'll never even get to recall and yet we get into arguments with the maker movement saying well you're giving them pre-made fire when are the kids going to actually get involved and do CAD and our response to them is don't worry about that they're doing minecraft they're already doing CAD they're fine they're doing it in their spare time at some point when the teachers have caught up you can teach them CAD in the classroom but actually what you need to do is help the teachers to get them up this ladder to synthesis because the maker movement and code clubs and things like that which are wonderful things they start here and not every kid can do that and so it's lovely to come and talk here in the centre of place where engineering really started in the UK the industrial revolution happened around here and I think if we can actually help lots and lots of teachers to take children up this tree to do with 3D printing to do with product design to do with electronics to do with understanding how the world fits together actually we can have another industrial revolution one which changes the balance of trade one we don't have to import everything again when we make things locally we're supposed to do that we have to understand normal people and how uncomfortable they feel when they hit technology then we have to make products that helps and do that so thank you for listening I'm really sorry I can't be here for drinks tonight because I've got to get back to Oxford and the trains aren't terribly good so if you'd like to email me you can either email hello at ikamakhq.com or you can send me a message on chris at ikamakhq.com and thank you very much for listening


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel, and I appreciate you being here today I want to cover certain aspects of the latest Curseful Cyrus Alliance trailer as it does behold some interesting things now if you ain't seen the trailer yet Check it out right here right now There's been a development on Mercury Exactivity there surged exponentially And at the same time the most notorious guardian in vanguard history has returned Osiris Go to Mercury and find Osiris 10 seconds remaining The expansion passes December 5th two epic adventures one great value So it's pretty decent and let's start and first up we get another look at that red death hand cannon At first I wasn't sure this was the same weapon we saw within the title poster of their latest Bungie Weekly update But it is in fact the same hand cannon which so many people including myself are seriously curious about Next up we see three guardians looking down upon Mercury now not many have spoke about this But I'm pretty sure I'd say what we see here is most of what we can explore on Mercury And although we know it ain't going to be the biggest planet within the game Which isn't a problem as the infinite forest offers so much more It's still surprisingly small and compact, but I ain't gonna give an opinion on it until I've actually explored it myself We then see something really weird now if this can be explained quite easily and you think you know the answer Let me know down below But we see it also here in like an out-of-body experience kind of thing It's literally six frames within a trailer, so it's hard to spot and see what is actually going on here He for sure doesn't look like he's just popped a super of any we know in the game If anything he kind of looks a Goldy color So your guess is as good as mine another thing we see here, which I'm guessing as a part of the story Is Ikora in front of what could be the infinite forest entrance if it ain't it's definitely a vexed gate of some sort Leading to somewhere she kind of looks as if though her power is being sucked from her What do you think we then see a little footage of the red death hand cannon again this time It's reload animation at first because I couldn't spot a knife on the front of this thing I was in two minds whether this was the same hand cannon But it is you see in literally the last frame which you probably won't spot here Also noticed the school shapes on the side of the weapon too looking pretty cool Next up we see this Titan using the colony exotic grenade launcher wearing some epic looking armor Now the theme behind this I ain't sure of meaning where it's obtained But we did see within a mini gear tease trailer a hunter wearing some gear which spread the same iconic marks Wherever it is it looks absolutely amazing This actual scene is even more epic when he poses for the camera What's interesting here though is the point of him missing his initial shot with that colony grenade launcher Only for the mini spider thing is it releases upon missing there's a complete full circle on the opponent to chase him down and destroy him Absolutely epic. We then get a glimpse at many new armors and ghost shells within the game as well as some new ornaments on Already existing armors within the game like the crucible and vanguard gear We also get a quick glimpse at some epic looking ships this one here on screen We see now at the back stands out the most to me as it bears the same theme as the verse weapons You get from advanced upon completing the DLC story. So where is the ship obtained? Also the ship dead head something about this ship to me screams raid. I don't know why next up We see more footage of that solar trace rifle in action I'm curious to know these things name more than anything else as we've seen it so much now And it's a solar version basically of the cold heart So will it be called the warm heart who knows we then get to see this hunter on screen And it's literally for a few frames wearing some epic looking purple armor What's interesting here though point that by Palamon on Twitter Bezio is the weapon he's holding looks just like the jade rabbit We saw in the first few trailers ages back. Maybe this is a ornament for the jade rabbit Maybe the jade rabbit is an ornament for this new exotic who knows or it could just be a v skin We will find out soon We then get footage of the red layer although not much still enough to speculate on so obviously we've seen the belly of the Leviathan here It's also great to see more piping as well Well, not really we then see this purple kind of room within this red layer and arena encounter no doubt We can surely say though the enemies here are cobalt does that confirm that's entire new red layer will be cobalt themed Who knows I know many people wanted a vex themed raid with a vex themed DLC But we can't have everything get special with destiny interesting though If this is still demonstrating things we will encounter within a raid this what we see here Looks like we've been sucked towards some kind of vex portal of some kind Definitely don't look cobalt related. But hey, like I said, this could not be raid related Maybe it's something bungee added to the end of the trailer to make us think the way I'm thinking right now Who knows and yes guys that is it some interesting things to speculate over for sure most of which Which we should experience tomorrow when a DLC drops and until then guys I hope you enjoyed the video hitting that like button really truly helps me out and hopefully people I will see you on that next one


Hey, smart Christian, I want to address a question or issue or verse that someone had asked me to address by someone who believes that it's possible for a person to forfeit their salvation. And the verse they talked about was Colossians one. So let's go to Colossians one and let's go to the passage that's in question. And let's see, does this allow for the possibility of losing your salvation in Colossians one verse 21 to start there. And although you were formally alienated. Now this is past tense says that whoever he's speaking to or he's addressing and he's addressing the entirety of the church. And there's a reason why I put it that way. Said that you who were formally alienated and hostile in mind, engaged in evil deeds, yet he has now reconciled past tense. He has reconciled you in his fleshly body through death in order to present you before him holy and blameless and beyond reproach. Look what he says. Here's the issue if indeed and the word that's there a gay, which if indeed, if indeed you continue. And this is the present active indicative. This is I'm sorry, the plural present active indicative. And so if you all are continuing in faith, firmly established and steadfast and not moved. Also, again, this is this is I'm sorry, this is the middle participle present middle participle. So if you have not been one of those who have been moved away from the hope of the gospel that you have heard, which was proclaimed in all creation under heaven. And of which I, Paul was made a minister. So does this particular passage state or show that it's possible for a person to lose a salvation? Well, no, it doesn't. First of all, let's keep in context what he's speaking of. Let's go up to say in chapter one. Let's go up to let's go to verse. Let's go to verse 13 says that he rescued us from the domain of darkness. So what does he say that Jesus has rescued us from? And by the same present, I'm sorry, this was a heiress middle indicative. So he has rescued us as the middle. He rescued us for himself from the domain of darkness and transferred us. This is an heiress active indicative, which means it was done in the past. He transferred, which is important. He transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved son. So that's what we reside. That's not necessarily physically, but in terms of how he views us in that regard, at some point in time, we'll actually realize this in the spirit. I'm sorry, in all actuality, in whom we have redemption and forgiveness to sin. So he's speaking of people who have been rescued, who have been given this redemption. They currently have this redemption. As a matter of fact, the word that's used here for having is ecumen, which is this present active tense, guys. And so you presently have this redemption and it's plural. So we all have those of us have this redemption. Now, the problem is what do we do with verse 23? Because it says, if indeed going back to it, if indeed you continue in the faith. Well, here's the question that I would pose to the person that asks this question and really anyone else, what would you do? In this situation, would you do something different or would you do something that's better than what God would do? What God would do. And what I mean by that is this, suppose you are amongst professed Christians. You're at church, you're in a gathering of Christian, and there's someone that you know who you suspect is probably not a Christian. You've heard them state publicly that they are, but you've also seen them act in ways that is unbecoming or maybe even said some things that didn't seem to line up with Christianity, with a person who has professed having faith in Christ. What do you do? What will you do, friend or anyone else to a person that you care about, that you love, maybe a friend, a family member, a co-worker, if you know or you have suspicion that they are not saved? Would you warn them?  Well, why would you do it, but God would not do it? Why would you warn a person, but God would not warn a person? Why would you do it, but Paul would not? There's the issue. And so if you would do it, well, then so would God, and he would even put scriptures in the Bible to warn people who think that they are. That's why we have this if indeed, if indeed. And there's a reason why the gay, some passage just says the if.  So if that really is you, so if that's you, then you're fine. If not, you're not. That's the point. Make sure, which is what Paul says, examine yourself to make sure that you do have Christ. Jesus reiterates the same thing previously in Matthew 7, because not everyone who says to him, Lord, Lord, will enter into heaven. So there are people that who think they are, who think they're on their way, who simply will not. Now, what was Jesus' response going to be? I never knew you, not that I used to know you. Again, we don't have a passage in the Bible of a person who we know was a Christian at one point and then stopped being one. You would think if you're going to raise enough fuss and inquire constantly and try to prove that you could lose your salvation, the first place you would go to to prove it would be the Bible and point out a passage where a person who we know for a fact was a believer, had the Holy Spirit and then lost their salvation. There's not one passage. And so because of that, I think we can trust in what he said. He says, I have delivered you from the end, from destruction and delivered you to him. You have currently, you have it. It's yours, this redemption. What Jesus says also, if a person is believing in Christ, then they currently have a life into the ages, eternal life. They currently have this life forever. And so we can rest assured in that, that is, if indeed you have believed in him, if you are believing on, then you're fine. If not, then you're in trouble. The question is, are you? That's why we have these warning passages, such as Colossians 1-23. Amen.


In this video, we'll generate several Taylor polynomials for the function e to the x centered at x equals 0. We'll also explore the accuracy of these polynomials, both graphically and numerically. Now, we're calling the general form of an nth degree Taylor polynomial about x equals 0. In order to generate this polynomial, we need to find derivatives of the function of interest and evaluate them at the point of interest. In this example, all the derivatives of our function are the same, since f of x equals e to the x's derivatives are all e to the x. Even further, these derivatives evaluated at x equals 0 are all equal to 1. So, we have the following coefficients of this nth degree Taylor polynomial at x equals 0. And in general, we can write that as 1 over n factorial. So, in general, our nth degree Taylor polynomial for f of x equals e to the x about x equals 0 is 1 plus x plus 1 over 2 factorial x squared plus 1 over 3 factorial x cubed plus so on, and to the general term, 1 over n factorial x to the n. We can write that in summation formation as the sum from k equals 0 to n of x to the k over k factorial. Let's take a look at a few Taylor polynomials compared to the function e to the x near x equals 0 graphically. So, here's a graph of e to the x, and I'm going to turn on the graph of the linear approximation, which was the first degree Taylor polynomial for e to the x generated about x equals 0. And we see that near 0, it's actually a pretty good approximation, but the further we veer outside of that interval, we see that the linear approximation is not a good one for e to the x. So, let's take a look at the quadratic approximation. This is also the second degree Taylor polynomial about x equals 0, and we see it's a bit of a better approximation near x equals 0. Let's take a look at the third degree, a little better, and the fourth even better. And we also notice that the higher that degree polynomial, the further away from x equals 0, we can go and still get a pretty good approximation. Let's look at these built upon each other, the first degree Taylor polynomial, second degree, third, and fourth. So, we notice that the higher the degree polynomial, the closer the graph mimics the graph of e to the x, and we notice that the higher the degree polynomial, the further from x equals 0 we can go and be within a certain degree of accuracy. Well, e to the 0.1 is approximately 1.1051709. Well, the first degree Taylor polynomial, 4e to the x, about x equals 0, evaluated at 0.1 gives us 1.1. The second degree polynomial gives us 1.105. The third degree polynomial gives us 1.10526 and so on. The fourth degree polynomial gives us 1.1051708. We find that the higher the degree the polynomial, the closer our approximation is to the actual value of e to the 0.1.


This is his 50th flight, and I tell you, we don't worry at all about Pop when he's on the console and we thank him for all his years of good service and all of the questions that he's answered for me over the years, so thanks a lot to Lonnie. Thank you, Jimmy. He heard the words. And if you look off to your northeast, there's people outside waving at you right now. And Atlanta is near Houston. We've got a nice picture back in the space ham. He will talk to Moscow at the appointment. Both crew members has been transferred. The seat is being installed and checkout is not yet complete. Got all that, Jim. Thanks for the update. Okay. What I copied down was you want us to notify you of the completion of the treadmill test. Also notify you when the VRCS test begins. And it's scheduled now to begin at 17.25. Also need to notify me of the start of that test. And I need to update the flight period pages 34 and 35. He starts shuttle free drift at 17.54 and roll at 17.55. Thanks, Wendy. That's a good read back. Go ahead. Bella, we've just completed the MISD treadmill exercise, and all that was executed per the timeline on time. Great, Mike. Thanks. I'd like to welcome you on behalf of the ground as the newest crew member on board Atlantis. Great pleasure to be treading on US metal, if not soil. Thank you very much. Sir, NASA didn't decide to send you up in the shuttle until the last minute last week, apparently because of concerns about your safety. Mr. Wolf, all the world knows about the problems that the space station has been plagued with. Aren't you happy with the decision? I'm happy with the decision, and the answer is absolutely yes. I always believed that I was going on this mission, and I'm thankful that everybody looked carefully at the options and the safety issues. But I felt confident the more they looked, the more comfortable they would be with the whole mission. The space station has been plagued with. Aren't you just the slightest bit worried? I've got one of the finest spacecraft commanders in the world sitting right next to me here or floating right next to me, and particularly after being up here and seeing the quality of this machine, first of all, I'm having too much fun and enjoying it too much to be nervous, and really the answer is no. I'm very comfortable. We're well trained to handle any reasonable emergency. Well, we wish you well. Now to the soon-to-be-departing American astronaut, Michael Fowle. Mr. Fowle, you're leaving near after a four-and-a-half-month stint. How happy are you to be getting off the space station? I wouldn't be honest to say that I was not happy. I have a good friend here, Anatoly Sovyov, and Pavel Vinogradov, the port engineer, the flight engineer on the station. But I have a son at home who apparently has grown twice his height since I last saw him, and my daughter and my wife, and so I really do want to see them badly, and I would have been disappointed if the docking hadn't gone on time. I'm very pleased to be going back to them and seeing them again soon. This is one of the most rewarding experiences I've had in my life. It will have changed me, I'm sure, and when I look back on this, it will only be with the greatest fondness for the times I spent with Anatoly, Pavel, and the crew before that, Vassili, Sibylaev, and Fashiv Zuvkin. There were many problems during your tour of duty. Could you tell us what the worst or scariest thing was that happened? Well, it was definitely when the Progress cargo vehicle was about to hit the spectre, and at that time I knew something bad was going to happen, and I followed the instructions of the crew and went towards the Soyuz spacecraft, which is our safety vehicle, and for crew return in case of an emergency. And at the moment of impact, that was probably the scariest moment because I didn't know what was going to break and how fast the air was going to rush out. As it all turned out, it was OK, and we've managed to control the leak, and we've filled off the spectre. Anatoly has started work in doing the repair and establishment again of the power from that module for the station. So it all worked out well, but at that time I was quite scared. Are you at all frustrated that so many problems kept you from doing more scientific experiments? Well, there are pluses and minuses when you have problems. The pluses are those that you suddenly find you're solving new problems you didn't expect, quite challenging ones. For example, I actually got to do a spacewalk, an EVA without Attoly, quite unexpectedly. I did not expect that because of the problems. So that was a very interesting and rewarding thing for me to do. However, one of the minuses was that I didn't really start turning on some of the experiments I was meant to do in Perotta until just this last week. And so there's some disappointment there, but David's going to pick all those up and I hope he will execute them just fine. And now I'd like to turn to the Russian commander of Mir, Anatoly Solevyev. Commander, with the new equipment that Atlanta has brought to Mir, how confident are you that the problems aboard the space station will be eliminated? The shuttle has delivered to Mir new equipment with the help of which we hope to be able to obtain positive results of repair. But right now it's too early to assess or to say that we'll be able to do everything successfully and that we'll be able to do all of this with regard to the repair. But the chances are very good and very large. And I think that in the course of one or two EVAs and having performed this repairs, I think we'll have positive results and we will be able to say, we'll be able to talk about the time when we'll be able to open up the hatched inspector. After Mr. Fole and Atlantis leave the space station, what's the first order of business? One of the shuttle has brought us a new computer. We will replace the old one. This will take two or three days. In fact, while the shuttle will still be here, there will be some small repairs. But after the shuttle leaves, after two days we will be expecting a new cargo craft which will also be delivering equipment, a resupply to the mere complex and this will allow us to continue our work. But I think my impressions are that we are placing more of an emphasis on our scientific work over the next couple of weeks and we have been doing this and we've been working actively in scientific experiments and the percentage of our scientific work will continue to increase. Where you're sitting, what do you make of the arguments, the criticisms from people like Congressman James Sensenbrenner that another American should not have gone to the mirror? Do you have a question on that? I thought long and hard about American involvement in this program and also whether someone should follow in behind me and I think it's very important that he continues. The work here is not always easy and some of the experiments are interrupted by the repair work and the necessary maintenance that's done on this station. But the value in working together with our Russian colleagues is, I think, priceless and as a result of that work that we're doing right now and the experience we're gaining, not just with David myself and Anatoly and our Russian cosmonauts but also on the ground, most important, we will do so much better great space projects together internationally with Russia. I don't know if you realize this, but after you blasted off, your mother was quoted as saying she hoped you had brought your screwdriver. Are you seeing work for your screwdriver up there? There goes my call, but here's my screwdriver. What have you been hearing from Dr. Folle? What has he told you and shared with you about what you can expect in the next four months? He's assured me and that's very clear an experience of my life. This is just an amazing outpost of scientific civilization where Russians meet Americans in orbit at 18,000 miles an hour in an orbiting laboratory. It's just an incredible place. I wish you could get a panorama of the equipment and the gear and the people working behind us, shuttling gear back and forth. This is just an incredible event going on. During the collision with the progress back in June, you were inside. Can you describe for us what happened and what it felt like? The collision basically was unexpected. We were expecting the progress to not dock with us for another 15 minutes or so. But when I heard the collision, there was just a kind of a dull rumble in the station. It was a bit like distant thunder. At that time I thought it was behind us at the far end here where the progress was expected to dock. Other than that, the dark rumble and the thud, nothing much else happened. Over about five or so more seconds, we have an alarm signal. It's a kind of a crack and then that went off telling us that the pressure was decreasing which confirmed my fear that we had had a breach of the station's hull. Very quickly after that, my feelings were saged because I realized the pressure in my ears was not dropping very fast. And so I knew immediately, just by the feeling in my ears, that we had time to try and find the leak and close it off. And that's how it turned out. Dr. Wolff, briefly, if you will, explain what you expect to gain scientifically over the next four months or so. And I assume that there's some experiments you'll pick up that Dr. Foll didn't get a chance to complete. That's right. We're doing a nice suite of experiments on the human cardiovascular system and bone and mineral loss. The people's bones de-mineralize similar to osteoporosis of the elderly when we're in space and we're looking very carefully at that and how to prevent it. Exercise to keep the muscle atrophy from occurring. We don't know how long or how much or what type at this point. Protein crystals and alloy production are material sciences experiments and we're doing cancer research and preliminary work for our tissue engineering work that we plan for station, looking at how cells go from generation to generation genetically, normally in cancerous cells.


Hey everyone, welcome to today's day trading recap for Tuesday, May 18th. A small green day today, plus $261, could have been much better. Had some technical difficulties this morning with my charting data, and so I missed out on a ton of good stuff that I most likely would have been in, so instead of throwing my computer across the room, I took a deep breath, a few deep breaths, and got back on track. Going to a green day, so can't complain, plus $261, let's go over these, I'll show you what we did. Nvidia, on the mighty 90s, Nvidia plus $100, Roku minus $260, that was actually one that was a mistake due to my data feed, and so I ended up just closing it out right away, took a loss, and Tesla plus $350, no pairs trades today, and then Apple plus $156, Boba plus $80, Disney minus $350, Facebook $185, so let's take a look at these, and I'll show you what we did. Let's start with the mighty 90s, and Nvidia, so Nvidia, so Nvidia had this push up, broke through the highs of the day with some volume here, so I got short right there, caught this little down move, got out of half my position for over 10% profit on that move, and then this thing just started pushing up, pushing up, pushing up, and so I ended up just holding, I was considering adding, had some opportunities to add, but I didn't, just held, and this thing finally rolled over when I got down to a couple red bars here, just cut out of it and took a profit of $100. Next mighty 90 was in Roku, so I put this as a mighty 90 because that's what I entered it as, unfortunately, my charting was not working, and so I was getting the wrong data feed and so my volume was all messed up, and so had the data been correct, I would never even have gotten this trade, so I just, I got short like right in here, and then while I was trying to figure out what was going on with my charts, the thing pushed up and when I realized what happened, just ended up getting out of it, so took a $260 loss on that one, and then Tesla, cut a nice little mighty 90 for $350 in Tesla, on this push here, got short and then I added to it right up here at yesterday's high, kind of chopped around to the downside a little bit, got out of my last piece right down here at the bottom of this little pullback, so nice little trade for plus $350. On the runners, Apple, this is a trade that I just got out of like two minutes ago, so this thing had tried to stay positive and then pushed, or it was positive most of the day, and then started consolidating under this pivot, so right here it tried to make a push above that consolidation and then broke down, I got short right here looking for a continuation, kind of chopped around for a while, then finally broke down, and I was just kind of done watching the screens at this point, so just cut out and took a profit of $156 on that one, BABA plus $80, this was one that was also involved in my data mishap, so I ended up taking an upside runner here when it pushed up and then pulled back here, kind of chopped around for a little bit, ended up pushing up and then when I got my real data and realized I probably wouldn't have gotten in that had I had the right data feed, I just cut out and this took an $80 profit out of that one. Disney minus $350, so Disney was a little bit of a bear, Disney had this really strong move up early in the day and then came all the way back down to lows of the day, when it bounced up to the unchanged, I got short looking for a potential continuation, that didn't happen, just kept going, going, going, and so I ended up adding to it, I believe, right here and it finally rolled over and I just kind of scaled out as it went down and I got out of my last piece here, but still took a loss on that one based on where I started getting in and when I scaled out, so got back a bunch, but still took a loss on that one and then Facebook plus $185, so in Facebook had this initial weakness and it was staying weaker than a lot of stocks jumped up to this pivot and I got short right here looking for a potential rollover just kind of chopped around, chopped around, finally made a big push up and then dropped like a rock and then finally started to come down and ended up scaling out of it and getting out of my last piece somewhere down in here for plus 185, so plus, let's see, what was that, what was the total error, plus 261 I think I said, yeah, plus 261 on the day, which marks my 10th green day in a row, so still continuing to keep that streak alive and hopefully build on it tomorrow, we'll be streaming every day the rest of this week and then we'll be offline next week, so look forward to seeing you in the live stream room tomorrow, take care, have a good rest of your day, we'll see then.


I'm Robert St. Giovanni and I'm here today with Peter McLaughlin from the Space Gallery and Peter, I was walking around town and I saw these waking window posters and something about a hundred plus bands in two days. What's what's going on? It's the Waking Windows Music and Arts Festival. It's a two-day festival here in Portland and it is a diverse mix of music and performance, authors, comedy, genre-defying events and it happens over two days tomorrow, this Friday, September 21st and Saturday the 22nd and across 18 venues and it includes over a hundred per individual performances and performers and a dozen special events and yet it's a real community event. We think of it as a real celebration coming together of disparate arts and music scenes both in Portland in the state and far beyond. We have bands from as far as Italy this year, number of Canadian bands, bands from New York, bands from Philadelphia as well as all over the state of Maine and New England and of course Portland is very well represented, always about half of the performers are from Portland and the surrounding areas and it's in its fourth year and it's grown a little bit each year. I think last year we really hit our stride, we found our vision for what we wanted the event to look like, what we wanted the format to be, what sort of programming we wanted to have, whatever the voices that we wanted to highlight, what are the voids we are trying to fill, the sorts of events that aren't happening, the sorts of people in our community that perhaps are underrepresented and that's really what we want to do. Like I said it's a community celebration and we want to highlight the most exciting and perhaps under the radar things that are happening in our community. The Friday night of the festival happens all in Bayside, all centered around Bayside Bowl. We'll be using the downstairs there as well as the rooftop for some DJs. We'll be in the public workspace with a brand new formerly city-owned warehouse space where we'll be doing a fashion show of sorts, a form subverted. It's a bit different than what you think there'll be there'll be no runway walking, it'll be more immersive models in the space and morph into a dance party at some point in the night. There'll be new fruit as well which is a incredibly powerful feminist art collective that works in the new system laundry building on Paris Street. They'll be doing a roving performance that will begin over by the mecha dormitories on Shepley Street and be a procession to the new fruit space on Paris Street. The new system exhibition space also in that same building on Paris Street will also be open. The Euphodian Theater will be doing music and we'll be doing a big kickoff concert on the USM Payson Smith lawn that will start in the late afternoon. Then Saturday is all on Congress Street. I'm not going to list all the venues because there's 12 of them, but it spans from Space Gallery a half mile down to Tandem Coffee and lots of the players that you would expect are involved from the museum to Congress Court Park to Geno's and Empire, Blue, Local Sprouts, the Jewel Box, One Longfell and more. There is a incredibly diverse mixture of musical programming, but we also have a film screening at the Portland Museum. We have our record fare. We have the vibrant and really always incredibly inspiring reading series happening from 12 to 3. It's kind of a pub crawl style reading series. It moves from Tandem to One Longfellow to Local Sprouts and the whole audience moves with it. A handful of different readers at every event. An incredibly wide range of activities. A lot of them are all ages, right? Yes, thank you for pointing that out. Most of our venues are all ages. There are few that are not, that are either 18 or 21 plus, but the majority are all ages. We think about it as a family, a friendly event. Sure, there are certain performances that push boundaries, and we encourage folks to look through the calendar or the schedule on our website at WakingWindowsPortland.com and go to the lineup page where you'll see photos of all the performers and links to their individual pages and really explore things. But yeah, it's not just a community event. It's not just a family-friendly event. I think it's an event with a little bit of something for everybody. I get asked sometimes, who is this event for? I'd like to think it's for everybody. It's for the community. It's not just for the serious hipster heads who look down that poster with 100 names on it and are so excited because all of their favorite bands are there. It's for the people who look down that poster and see one name that they recognize, or none. We want those people to come out and it's a discovery event. It's about discovering new things and perhaps finding some inspiration and a new favorite, a new love. Nice, and how do people find out about where to get tickets and all that? Yeah, you can get tickets at WakingWindowsPortland.com. You can also find them through the Space Gallery website and you can get them in person tonight. Tonight being Thursday the 20th at Space Gallery during the Algiers show, which is a WakingWindows kickoff pre-party as it were. And then anytime during the festival, the box office will be open at Space Gallery and you can get tickets there.


Now webbot cliffhide talks about linguistics and how certain words are picked up all over the internet And it's basically what our global consciousness is trying to say to us And this is what I was thinking while I was sitting on the beach this one guy walks by two guys are talking to each other They walk by the only thing I caught from him was big wave I have no idea what it was in relation to but that's the only thing I heard was big wave So I thought that was pretty interesting and another couple people walked by and I heard this one guy telling His wife big things are changing. I mean, what are the odds of picking this up where I just happen to be? They just happen to be walking by and just happen to be saying all this stuff This is the global consciousness that's speaking to us. So pay attention to what's going on in your world around you Oh, there was a little boy too. He goes, I'm gonna ride this wave. I Thought that was really cute


Move on to the research presentations for today's symposium. And I'd like to introduce our first speaker, who will be Dr. Neil Hyman. Dr. Hyman is professor of surgery and chief of the section of colon and rectal surgery. He's co-director for the Center for Digestive Diseases. Dr. Hyman specializes in the surgical treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies and inflammatory bowel disease. He's currently working on a Bucksbaum Institute funded pilot grant to promote compassionate patient care during invasive outpatient procedures and colon and rectal surgery. And he's gonna talk to us today about a problem which of course doesn't occur here, right? But is a very important problem in all of our fields. It'll be about the surgeon burnout. Dr. Hyman. Thanks for, thanks very much, much mad burnout in seven minutes. Okay, so I wanna just start by saying I'm not an expert at burnout. I just wanna tell you the story a little bit. I don't mean to offend anybody. I'm not a psychiatrist, but the fact of the matter is I was a little embarrassed by my ignorance and I wanna share and expose my ignorance here. So, I was one of the, to my credit or discredit, the early advocates for residency work hour restrictions in surgery. And not so much the 80 hours and a lot of how it was implemented, but the concept that residents of human beings that, so I practiced in New England for 25 years. So needless to say, it was very hard to find a surgeon in New England that spoke about work hour restrictions and was in favor of them. So they assigned me to talk at a symposium. And this was basically my talk saying, oh yes, that it's a different time than when we train back in the day in this frantic pace of healthcare, that career needs and some of the things that we just heard about. And Julie Freischlag, who is the editor of, then it was called Archives of Surgery. Now JAMA surgery, she said, can you write an editorial and I'll publish it. So I did it. And they publish your email address and I got probably several hundred emails like this that I liked it, that we're human, thank you for saying that we're human beings. But this is the part that killed me is that a number of them certainly not all finished with this. It says, by the way, do you know how many surgeons suffer from clinical depression? And you can read this. And then it says you're not safe because you're depressed and now medicated.  And I said, oh my God, can you imagine being a patient of this man? You know what I mean? Can you imagine what the burden that we suffer in surgery, trying to go to work every day, feeling like this. And it was like an aha moment for me because I've always liked being a surgeon. I'm a pretty happy guy. And so that got me interested in burnout because I didn't know anything about it, made me wanna learn about it and look into it a bit. So as we know, burnout's a clinical syndrome. And I wanna move things along. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and the cynicism. This is the one that to me is the most difficult to conceptualize is that you see a patient and you view patients as your enemy.  And we have ways to measure it. This Maslak burnout inventory that looks at three subscales, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment and it's not just surgeons. Of course it's across the board that the US population has been felt to have a 28% incidence of burnout and we're much higher. And it's not surprising in light of the environment we practice that it's 38% of surgeons meet qualifications for burnout. And the issue in surgery is there have been quite a number of studies I'm just very briefly gonna flip through them that the burnout rate among trainees who trained at the University of Michigan was 30 to 38%. That's the very consistent number for general surgery. High levels of emotional exhaustion, 32%. These are really alarming numbers. The symptoms of burnout and I'll say for me as a surgeon as someone who from this experience became sensitized probably the most helpful thing in recognizing it in my colleagues is this third thing. Here are the symptoms of burnout but I've been a section chief for a long time and that's always how I know it's happening to somebody is that Dean Polanski, not that this has happened, says we're all getting a raise and the person says, oh, you mean I'm gonna have to go to the bank and deposit the check? You know, it doesn't matter. There's nothing you can say that they think is okay. You know, they'll complain about anything and everything and at least in surgeons that is clearly how surgeons typically I think most obvious to the non-trained observer. So when everybody's complaining about everything, you know, one of my colleagues, that's always what I think about first and there are a number of consequences of burnout that it destroys your relationship, substance abuse and in surgeons we have a very big problem with every early retirement which is really creating some major man person power issues and we know there are consequences to the person who's burnt out in terms of a variety of health related problems but from the standpoint of the patient, doctors who, physicians who are burnt out make more mistakes, their patients are less satisfied with the care that they deliver and they get sued more often. So you can actually quantitate this. There's almost a dose-response curve between if you will, the extent of burnout in terms of a measurable way and how this affects our patients that this is very, I think this is, would be very recognizable to most surgeons. This is kind of our typical work week in most places. 73 hours, only 44% of surgeons at WashU had one completely free day per week, 95% paged overnight at least once, 73% returned to the hospital at least once. Part of this, some of this was done again in the context of the work hour restrictions and how it affected faculty. It's not certainly not general surgeons. He is the rate 56% of neurosurgeons met criteria for burnout. It's all, I'm just gonna show a few, transplant surgeons, astronomical levels. It's a global problem. It's certainly not specific to the United States. I just picked a few random recent studies that look at this. Korea, and this one is pretty amazing to me, is that this is suicidal ideation among surgeons. 18% in Italy, 12% in Sweden. These are pretty startling and shocking numbers. With respect to orthopedists, I won't make any comments, but 50 to 60% burnout rate and again, 30 to 40%. And I think this is an important factor here is when you ask the surgeons why this happens. Yes, it's the caseload, but this constant relentless proliferation of more forms and more things that are not doctorly, if you will, and don't help make patients better is really having a very taxing effect on surgeons. So this is the part where I hope I don't get shot, but I'm really not sure that every physician, although we're all physicians, I think we have different stressors, different work patterns. And I don't think that the stressors of being a surgeon are necessarily or any subspecialty, it's uniform. I think it can be different because I think our jobs are a little bit different and I can respond to that in a minute or two if people are interested. And that is it really true. I think that people seek out their own people when they choose their specialties, that there are certain things about the subculture of each specialty that draws different students to them. So I don't think all physicians, residents and students have the exact same personality and that this idea of joy and mindfulness really is a one-size-fits-all notion. So if it's not a one-size-fits-all notion, clearly there can't be one solution. So I don't mean to demean a lot of surgeons do yoga, but it's really that do you have a course on yoga and that this is the answer. Now we've taught your yoga so no one's gonna be burnt out. Is there really a guru who can prescribe the one-size-fits-all antidote for all physicians and in terms of what I'm interested in looking into further because there's a lot of interesting data about this, it also seems clear that the burnt, where in the process from being a medical student to a resident to a physician or practicing, where does it happen? Where does it get entrenched? Where does it dig its roots in? And it seems that on the little data that's available, it's very different based on specialty that it doesn't occur at the exact same time in that process. So I'll end with my last two slides on a very positive thing that when I think about, frankly, why I didn't get burnt out, why I've always liked working and being a surgeon, I think in large part for me it's been this, I love the residents and students, even you Christie, because the issue is that's, they ask the great questions, they make it interesting, they make the difference between a career and a job always cause me to think about what I'm doing. And I think we've lost a lot of our connections with our trainees in the frantic world that we practice in now, and that's unfortunate. I noticed that I think a lot of young physicians don't have the same relationships with the trainees that we had in years gone by, and I think that's hurt, not just hurt our mentees, but hurt us too, made us more prone to burnout. And I will say, this is the ultimate antidote for me, these are my sons with a dear family friend. They got to go to London for school while I was working, in any case, but that to me is the ultimate antidote to burnout. So I thank you for your attention, and of course I'm happy to answer any questions. Right, so that doesn't surprise me. What that refers to is the trial looking at flexible work hours versus the rigid 80 hour work week that it didn't impair patient care. The patient care wasn't improved, if you will, by the rigidity of the 80 hour work week. And I'll tell you that I think for our residents, the 80 hour work week's been a nightmare because their care, they care very much about their patients and forcing them to leave in the middle of operations or before their patients cared for, and to have it clock all the time, running tick, tick, tick, tick, tick, how many hours, how many hours? It's another source of stress, and I think it's actually in surgery, a major contributor to burnout, not a minor one. Yes, sir. Thank you for your comment. Yes, Dr. Kohn. I wanted to add to that, as you may know, that the ACGME is now taking a very hard look at this issue as a consequence of some recent spate of suicides among residents that has drawn this issue even to higher relief. And there is a very serious effort being mounted currently to try to find ways to improve the working conditions and address the issue of early identification, access to appropriate counseling and services when there are issues of depression or burnout. So I think there is hopefully some help on the way and some recognition that this is a very serious problem. It's not just suicide, which is, as Arthur mentioned, obviously a horrific tragedy. But the burnout and the kinds of things that you point out of being consequences of that are intolerable for the profession. And I think we need to take concerted efforts to try to find out how we can fix it. Thank you, you know, my last come be that. I think one of the big things for me is we're very fortunate here. We have a terrific leadership. But I think in many increasing institutions that surgeons are asked to manage and not lead. And therefore, it shouldn't surprise us that the burden that's placed on our residents, that as the number of administrators doubles and triples every few years, you know, these are all people who send our trainees forms, emails and use them for iterative, you know, work. And I think that it, I think probably the best thing we can do is get back to leading instead of managing. Our next speaker is Dr. Nier Uriel. He's the Director of Heart Failure, Transplant and Mechanical Circulatory Support here at the University of Chicago. Dr. Uriel specializes in caring for patients who require mechanical circulatory support, including ventricular assist devices. His research has helped to redefine current eligibility criteria for advanced heart failure therapy in these high-risk patients. One of the areas that we've been thinking about and grappling with in the Buxbaum Institute is how do we best mentor our students and our residents? And Dr. Uriel will present today a model of mentoring that he's working on in advanced heart failure, which we hope we will expand to throughout the institution, Nier. So, good afternoon, everybody. And thank you very much. I want to thank K. Buxbaum, first of all, for this wonderful opportunity to be part of this amazing institution and to mark that actually, since we became encountered due to this, we decided to make something that was very important for me throughout the heart failure program and to put it as part of the Buxbaum Institution. So is this mentoring? How actually we build our career? We just spoke out to not to burn out our career, but in order not to burn out, we need to enjoy it and we need to have a successful career that gets to the next step. What we also know that the profession of medicine is profession of apparatus. We learn and we learn every day from everyone. And no matter what stage in our career, we see someone that is a role model for us and can take us to the next phase and regardless what phase in our career we are. So in order to have a successful group, a successful people in our group, we need to provide for them tools that maybe help us get to where we are. So how is the Buxbaum Institute actually will work with the heart failure program? This is something that again, Mark and I spend quite a meeting about that and to see how we can bring the Buxbaum Institute together with specifically in this specific mode of the heart failure. But as Matt mentioned, maybe to expand it a little bit above that and I will share with you what we already done is first of all, part of the appointment heart failure doctors to a master clinic or associate scholars to be part of the same institution, to share the same philosophy, to be part of those meeting and to the discussion that we're just seeing here. The second phase, we know that research and career development is not coming without any kind of financial support. And to see that by supporting the heart failure scholars with pilot grants in order to launch their career, to have some starting, to create some preliminary data in order to achieve the next step. By encouraging the mentoring by senior physician or junior college and to encounter more and more interaction with more people that can guide them to the right place. And by providing a forum at the Buxbaum seminars at lab meetings to present research and finding, we all know that as much as we will participate more in meetings, there is an opportunity for us to be more ready for the next step that we need to achieve. So what is mentoring and what do we need to do? And I'm still learning and I still have my own mentors that I'm calling every time and see how to next to my next phase is achieving actually, a physician need to be a lot of thing. Today, if you want to be a academic doctor, you need to be a better clinician every time you need to achieve. This is actually the core of our existence. We cannot do anything if we're not good doctors. We don't have a good bedside manner. We don't know how to react to our patient and we don't know how to actually react to the clinical scenario that we are involved in. So before we even going to how to become an academic doctors, we need to be good doctors and good doctors is experience and experience come. We've seen someone else teaching you what is the next phase. We all know that in academic medicine, we need to do research and we need to learn from the patient that we meet and every patient is an opportunity. Every patient actually can teach us about the next patient and so we need to become how to be a better researcher. We all know that in academic medicine, we need to teach other people. We need to teach them what we know and actually all the times there is other people that we can teach. We also learn all the time from the people that we teach, by the way, it's going both way from actually from medical student you learn every day because they just so updated on the literature and say, oh my God, I didn't know this is existing but you learn all the time. So how to become a better educator, more humble about what you know and what you don't know and always mention how much you don't know and how to become a better administrator. Administrator, first of all, of your own time, we need to manage time.  However, we need to start managing time of other people and as much as you go up, you need to manage all of this. So in order to do that, what we develop is a cascade like a waterfall. There is a program director that is the main mentor to the majority of the people and there is a junior faculty, the attendings. The majority of the mentoring that the program director is investing is in the junior faculty. However, he is also directly mentoring the fellows, of course. However, the junior attending have to already be incorporated into the mentoring programs themselves. We've having fellow a direct mentor relationship with the fellow and we do it in a parent system and I will share with you in a little bit what are we doing. And there is the residents. Immediately, there is residents that involve in the project. So we take the fellows and we pair them with the residents. So in a way, the junior attending that he still need a lot of mentoring find himself, mentoring to level in order to assess that. And lately we add the medical student. We are up to now actually, we did not have medical student as part of our mentoring program. We were less involved in the medical school. We just build this heart for the program two years ago in University of Chicago and it took us time. So we were focused in first and for all in the attending others and the fellow. We went to the residents and now when we have more establishment and I have to say that working with the residents was so successful. So we decide to add another level to medical student. However, everybody is involved in mentoring everybody. This is a group that actually is a cascade of thing. As I said, water for the teacher. What does it include? It's include actually a lot of time that is invested in the program. There is a weekly one-on-one meeting. There is each one of the attending have one hour every week a sign to report as a progress. But before that in the first meeting, what we done did is actually something that in the beginning I have to say a lot of my junior attending raise eyebrow and said, seriously, that's what you want us to write. So I ask each one of them to write three things. What is your long-term goal and what is your short-term goal? And in your short-term goal, it has to be something that is, I want to finish this paper by this date and to see the progress. What is their long-term goal? I want to become an associate professor within three years. I want to achieve X amount of international meeting that I will be speaking at in that way. And after they gave it to me, I have to say I asked them to put it in their office and they can see it because if we are meeting once a week and we invest in this time, we need to see that there is a progress and there is something I don't want to come to the meeting. Oh, we didn't do anything. So if we didn't do anything, nothing is progress. So we need to make sure. So the attending have one-on-one meeting that is actually on a weekly base in order to make sure that the program, the attendings themselves of meeting with the fellow that they are paired to in order to make the project that assigned to the fellow is also progress and the fellow have a meeting with the residents. We develop it in our own space. So actually there is a lot of people coming to a lot of other people meeting and everybody is very involved in the research that someone else is doing. Every Friday, today not because it started 2 p.m., so we canceled the Friday meeting today due to the books about my event. Every Friday at 2 p.m., we have a research meeting that's actually free people at the junior attending fellow and a resident supposed to present the progress of the project. So not only that there is a meeting that you need to come and be ready a little bit, the group need to see what you've done. So there is a little bit of a pressure here, but in the other hand, this is create a motion, a movement of the project. And there is an annual research day that we just actually review and we just added actually a few months and a half ago. And I have to say that we sat down in a setting that we have five attending in the Outfeller Group. We have a lot of fellow now that is assigned to work with the Outfeller Group, seven fellows. And we have that are not advanced outfeller fellow, but the cardiology fellow with this interest. And we have almost 12 residents working with us. And just sitting in the audience, I felt the time in an international meeting and I was so proud of the project that they achieved. But there was a day that we assigned to do that. So how do we sit down with each one of them and we discuss what is a clinical research? What does it mean to be a clinical researcher? It's something else than to be a basic science researcher. From clinical question to study design and this is going directly to the main core of who we are, we are physician. So we encounter a patient and we don't know what to do. So just to remember every time today we have the iPhone, just to put the question, I don't know what to do with this patient. From this phase that you have the clinical question that you didn't know the answer, to have a study designed to study and to execute it, to know that you have to execute this project, to do a data analysis, to come from conclusions from this data analysis, how to present your study, manuscript preparation, grant support and mentoring someone else already. This is part of the concept of all of it. I have to say in the beginning, we give everybody a support that is biostatistics. We learned that this was the majority of the people, they don't know how to collect the data, they don't know how to analyze the data. So just the basic stuff that is available to everybody actually make it much more easier. So what I choose to do and to get over with Mark to give some example of junior faculty and as you can see there is specific names and to see how they move. All the junior faculty were in the beginning of their career. Gabriel Sayer was the first person that we recruit here after my arrival today out for the group. He was my residence at Columbia University in 2008 and our road diverse and he continued to Mass General and other institution. However, from academic perspective, he was not build himself yet. So when he heard that I'm coming here, he said, here I want to join. And I said, so let's have some short-term and long-term goals and to see where we are. I just put a bunch. We already one and a half year into this mentoring program that is maybe the one that is the most time invested in him. But this is just a bunch. The guy published more than 12 paper in the last year and a half. He have two main papers, first author already that is leading. It already were published. However, you have three major project now that is leading as part of it. Side by side with that as you can see because he's mentor other people and he involved in other people research, he build his career also as a co-author on a lot of other people progress. And beside that, he receive his first grant. So a small industrial grant in order to support the clinical question that we ask. The second person that I will share with you is Taza Datius, both of them junior faculty. He was my fellow at Columbia. So as you know, we moved New York into Chicago. He was my fellow at Columbia. And again, our road diverse a little bit after that because he went to Minnesota University. And again, he came after that here to join me here. So we had some mentoring experience while we were in Columbia. However, immediately upon arrival here, we rejoined it so it will be, it was a little bit easier. And that's the reason it was a little bit more prolific. And I have to say yesterday night we succeeded in submitting another paper that I'm sure that will be successful. But again, a grant that he's already received, a grant that we submit just this week to the Quality Control of the University of Chicago about one of his projects. And as you can see here, within a two and a half year old together, however, the guy is already published almost 20 papers in this project. However, as I said, we take it also to the fellow level. Jonathan Greenstein joined us to as a general cardiology fellow. And immediately we assign him a project and we assign Gabriel Sayre to be the attending that supervise him. So we have another level. Jonathan already published two paper with us and now he's running an industry grant that we receive with him.  It was just a rise. What is the best eight abstract that must be seen? And why, and suddenly I see Greenstein at all. So they choose one of his abstract to be in this meeting. So this is how the fellow is assigned. Similar to him, it's Sarah. Both of them started with us when they were in the first year of the fellowship. And Sarah was already immediately assigned to have an attending assigned to her in this specific, it was Staz, was assigned to follow with her project. We successfully received a big grant that actually we thought that may be a good opportunity to her to build her career to the direction of regular heart failure, not advanced heart failure. And she's running the project amazingly. And beside that, she just came out with the ACC with an oral presentation and she's going to do two oral presentation in the Common Eye at such a team. However, the main is to come because she's running a big grant that I believe is going to address. However, John, for example, is now the mentor of a Mecca that is a residence. So he's mentoring a Mecca how to do a project and already again, a project that was assigned and already became a first author and the paper was published and actually have two more paper coming up and he's going to, just submitted to the HFSA an abstract. In the HFSA, for example, the Heart Failure Society of America, the deadline was this Monday, all the abstract that the heart failure group submitted, the first author, a residence. We decided we're going to do a residence and we submitted seven abstracts. We didn't submit a lot to the HFSA, it's less our main meeting, but all the seven abstracts were by residence. So we believe that by building a cascade of mentoring program, we will be able to provide support to people that want to grow into it and feel a group that gives them some support and doesn't judge each one personally and there is a lot of level that we can help. So that's what we do and thank you very much for your time and I'll be happy to answer your question. No question, it's easy, it's simple. Thank you very much.