This is the way to do it. This is the way to do it. This is the way to do it. Leadership has taken a significant turn over the years. And the youths, y'all know we the youths, are no longer the leaders of tomorrow. Erastas or Sikoya has followed through for a better generation to come. Erastas, give us a backstory about yourself. Thank you. Thank you for that question. My name is Erastas, I am a graduate of Masayna University. I'm an M.A.C. in agronomy, in agriculture and sciences. And hoping to enroll in my PhD in the next two or three months. That is what I'm hoping to. And we run a master key program initiative for the last two years now. That's what we've been doing. Yes. So what is master key? Master key is a mentorship program that we began to ensure that we are bringing on board young youths. These are teens from 12, 13 years and young and early youths who are up to 35 and also young couples. So we bring them on board, we help them to have an all-round life. Because as the word signifies, master key, we need them anytime they're coming outside this corporate world, they are able to open any door and they can do many and mighty things. Because we believe that youths, they have the power regardless of the challenges that they are facing. But if somebody stands out and helps them to stand, then they are able to open any door with the master key. And so what prompted the decision to venture into the mentorship? The main reason why we decided with my other team members, personally I'm the vice president of master key. With my president who is not around now and our general secretary, we decided that in 2020 when we had COVID come in everybody was whining and people were not able to stand up for anything. We realized that most of our young men and women saw the teenagers and the youths had a lot of idle time. They are not in school, at home they have nothing to do and as much as parents were out there looking for something to put on the table, the young men and women were out there, loitering and wasting a lot of time. Then this thought came in our mind, an idle mind. Is the devil's watch. We didn't want that to come out into our young men and women whom we stay with. Then we said no, we need to make them busy, we need to enable them to get something to do. And so we began training them on several issues concerning their lives. Yes, some of the issues maybe I can mention, one of them being leadership in teens. We have identity crisis, not knowing who they are, so we are enabling them to know who they are so that they may come up. We have issues of relationships, you know, they are in that adolescence age and they really, they are struggling. What is the right decision to make? So we are enabling them to make the right decision. After all and finally, we also wanted them to know God. Because allow me quote, Psalms 127, the first one. The scripture says that unless the Lord builds the house, those who are building it, they live in vain. And unless the Lord watches over the city, them who are staying awake, they stay awake in vain. And we also wanted them, as they take this journey as young men from the teenager, and even as they go into adulthood, they know that they are doing, we are not doing it alone. We are the mighty God who will help us through. Okay. And so how long has the journey been and how has it been doing? With the small steps that we have made, we have seen a lot of, a lot of change in the small group that we have, that we have been mentoring. You know, like recently after my graduation, after my MSc graduation, one of the young mothers in Marseille came running unto me and she was saying, my first born has just reached 13 years old. And I know you are a good father. And I said, wow, I just got married the other day. How am I going to be a father? Then he said, he is now a teenie. I want to put him into your hands. And I realized this thing that we have just begun recently, it has these fruits because I didn't know people are watching. And so I said, this is what we are going to do. Yes. Wow. Interesting. So you are a father, but at a very young age. I'm a father. At a very young age. I'm glad. Yeah. So who are your target audience and how do you get to them? Yes. As I mentioned earlier, our target audience is the youths who are between 13 to 35 because that is the critical age that we as young men and women need to make critical decisions in our life, which are going to impact us in the next 10. 10 decades, if God will give us up to 100 years to live. Then we realize that these teenagers who are in high schools, others are in primary, we need to reach them. We have college students, we have university and Tivet students that we need to reach out. Then we have this other neglected, isolated group. This group called the dropouts. Sometimes it's not because of their doing, it's their undoes that happens in their life, that they are in that position. So when they drop out of school, most of us, they tend to neglect them, or we call them names, but I realize that they have potential. Our system in Kenya, our education system, will see that any successful person should get an A or a B in that matter. But I was reading another book last year, why A students work for C students. Then I realized we have some C students and even E students who can do well better than the A students. Then we said, this group, we also need to reach them. Then finally, the young couples, and I'm happy that I'm one of them. And I'm standing there to say, we have a lot to learn. We have a lot to learn. Those are our. So 13 to 35 is such a big range. So how do you categorize your mentorship? As much as it's a big and a vast range of years. As I've said, most of the young youths, between 13 and 19 years, they are teens. Most of them are high school. They are in high school or either they are in first year in college. People who really don't know who they are, they are struggling a lot with identity crisis. And most of their programs, we carry them over the holidays when they are at home. And sometimes we visit schools. We visit schools because as I said, we've just started. So at least we have visited two schools so far. We are hoping to be visiting more than five schools in every term. So that as we meet them at home when they are on holiday, we also meet them at school when they are in session. And then we have this from 1920 to now 35. Most of them are now adults. They know their careers. They know where they're heading to. They are pursuing their professionals. And what we do with them is we ensure that whatever line that they have chosen, we help them to arise. We help them to be there and say, this is what I want to do. This is where I want to arise. And as we do that, we have some who are planning for their wedding. And they are planning for their marriage. And we also help them as young couples so that they may not make the decisions alone. Because in our board of governance, we have like our president is slightly above 35. And so he helps us alone in matters of counseling the young couples. And we see that as a class. So we don't have them all together unless we're having an AGM which we had the first one last year. And we are hoping the next one is going to be so better. So only during the AGM that we pull them together and we celebrate what we've been doing. Nice. So what is the response of the community to your operation or to your project? All right. Most of the people have been telling me that erasas you choose the wrong course. Yes.  You're supposed to be passionate about plants.  And I told her mom, these things are possible. I love, I really love doing the agriculture because I young to have that people should have food on the table. But again, in that venture, I realized that we have people who are having other challenges outside there that we can help. And not just people, young, bright, energetic, strong, and mighty people that our nation doesn't recognize. That our parents may not recognize because whatsoever young man thinks when he tells the parent, the parent may think, and we decided that no, as we are doing this, I told them, mom, this one should happen.  And I said, no, I'm seeking here, but I'll be doing this because of the love that I have. And just to bring you back slightly, I've really been, I was in a tough situation when I was a teenager. I had no one to guide me through this life. I had no one to tell me that this is who you are. You know, I am dark, unless I smile, you might not see me. And you know, with that, people are calling me names. And thank God my body is now coming up slightly. I was small, then my head was bigger. So people are calling me lollipop.  You feel like you are down. You can't do anything. So nobody was there to help me until I came to Sena University in second year. I met one person who told me one thing. He asked me, you can do it. My mind changed. Then I said, from then, I'm going to affect the community. So as much as my line of career is not in accord with what I'm doing in mentorship, but I believe that this is what God has me and wants me to do. I think I'll do it until even I'm 60. And I believe that the society will be transformed. Because if you want to see change, then you need to be the change. So I really don't want any young man around me, with me, who wants to work with me to suffer the way I suffered with the incidents and the small things that I didn't do. I must congratulate you for going through it and standing strong. Speaking of careers, being an agricultural scientist, it requires a lot of field work. But mentorship now in Italian is very important. So how do you find the balance between the two? We have nine members on our board. And being the vice president, we always give a lot of planning. As we plan, we plan with them. And anytime we put our calendar on board, so that we know at this particular time when we are having this group, maybe you're having the teenagers, or maybe we're having young couples, we have two or three people who are available. And sometimes we invite other people who are well-versed with the topics that we want to do. Like when we want to talk about leadership. We'll check around some of the leaders within our environment. Then we bring them together with our two or three board of governance members that they will help through. So as I go in the field, sometimes it helps me to connect with other people who can help us to mentor. Sometimes I mentor young men when we are in the field. Because I'm there, I'm teaching them how to apply the fertilizer. I'm teaching them how to collect data when you're in the field. But I realize that there is something missing with this young person. There have been training others who are not in my field of cooperation. So I take that opportunity and I train them as much as they are not our members. So it has not been that hard for us as we begin. And I believe it's going to be the same as our members continue to increase. Speaking of operation, what is your area of operation? Where do you have your offices? Our physical offices are in Maseno. Maseno market just near Maseno University. That's where our physical offices are. That is where we began this program. And we believe that the whole of western region, in the Nyanza region and in the western part of this country, we are going to reach these people. That is our plan in the next five years. Right now we are two years, but we believe in the next five years we will be reaching the whole western area. Yes, right now we are in Maseno. Are there any challenges that you have encountered since you started? Yes. And how did you maneuver through them? Thank you. One of the biggest challenges that we had, sometimes you see there is a need in a young man and when you invite them, sometimes you will find some resistance. They really want to know exactly what you do. But them who have been coming at the first call, they really found a lot of good than what they expected. Then as they come over, we realize that they helped us to pass the message to others and even to the parents. Because we need to have a lot of trust. So with the teenagers, we need to have trust with their parents for them to be language that this team is good for our child or for our son or daughter. And more so daughters. And you know, in our team we only have two ladies. And most of the time women are the ones who do the outreach, a lot of the outreach. So when our parent is thinking now my daughter needs to go here, they have to get that trust. But now we use some referees from our previous or our own students to tell them this can happen. And we have the ability to take care of your children. And they are okay. So that is one of the challenges that we've been facing. But now hitting the second year, 2021 it was much, but right now it's changing. Because we've been telling them we have done this. Look at so and so. They were here and right now they are here. So we believe that as we continue it's becoming easier and easier. The second challenge is about finances. Sometimes we need to move. We need to move from place to place. And maybe we've not reached that capacity to take care of maybe a lot of people. Maybe travelling, you see, and sometimes facilitating other people when we call them on board to come and help us. But with that we've decided that we will do what we can now. So that as we continue we are thinking can we get other partners who will come and help us which more. Because again I'll refer to the scriptures. It says that the harvest is much. It's much, but the labourers there are few. So we are asking God that He's going to open doors as we have His master key. I know models are going to be opened. That's what I can say for now. So tell us about your dreams for this project going forward. Our dream is to have young people who are all around, young people who have a thick skin, young people who can arise even during challenges. I was reading a book the other day and I got something interesting. It was saying that tough people do last, but tough times never lasts. So we want to have a generation of young people who will be tough during tough times because tough times will always be shorter. But when we are tough, when I am tough, when you are tough, we are going to take our community in a different level. We are going to take our nation into the next level. We are going to take our world and our globe into the next level when we get there. I would love to talk about the young couple. As we have seen all over the news, most of the marriages are breaking. How do you get to address that? Breaking your marriage sometimes is our own doing because as I said earlier, you need to be tough for you to sustain your marriage. But when our young girls and our young boys are going to get right information, they are going to get right directions, they are going to get right mentorship from the right people from the beginning. As young as 13 years, then they will have a clear mind. They will know that this is what I am working with. And so we want to enable and we want to enrich and uplift our young men and women that in our relationships, as it was in the old, when you get married, you stick there.  Now the society is broken. Everybody has their own choices. My dress, my choice, my food, my choice. You can't direct me. Who I work with, who I love. I was watching another movie called If Loving You is Wrong. This person was just loving anybody and asking, is it wrong? No, it's wrong. What you love means. God gave you one and you will enjoy it for the next 10, 20 and up to 50 years. Wow. That is what we need to know. It's a choice that you make to love. It's a choice. When you choose that I'm going to do this and I'm going to love this person and we are going to get married. It's a choice that you make from the beginning. And all the young men and all the young women should understand that that is a precious gift. But you don't need to throw it away for five minutes to waste 50 years. Okay, thank you. And how can one reach you or your organization? When you want to reach us you can, if it's possible, possibly we can use our general secretary's phone number because it's an office number. They can get us any time. With our social media, we just began last week. We are starting to work on our social media on Facebook. We've just started to create the websites. They are running soon. We're bringing them on board. But if anyone's to reach us, maybe to contact us, you have a team that we can come and we want them to be mentored. Are they teenagers? Are they youths? Are they young couples? So you can contact us or meet us on 0703 279921. That is the contact of our secretary general. You can find us there as we continue upgrading our other social media channels. Interesting. So what is your call to the community? I will say that we have young men who are mightier than they think they are. But they only need a person. They only need an organization. They only need an institution to hold their hand. Because if you want to go fast, then go alone. But if you want to go far, then have a person to hold your hand. And these young men who have the ability to do mighty things, they need this one person. They need this institution. They need this organization to hold their hand. And we can start anyway. We can start wherever we are. That one person, we can be the change that we want. We can be the change that we want those people to be. These young men, they need us. Parents who are out there. Sometimes we cannot connect well with our children because their language is much different from yours. I think it's because of the generation of gap and the change of the world system right now. What was there ten years ago cannot work right now. But we can find out people of the same age who are like-minded and they can improve our young men. They can bring them from one level to another. Let me finish with this. Young men and women who are out there, you are out there and you have your MSc and you say you cannot reach to a Form 2. You cannot reach to a Class 8.  We live for each other. That is the call that we have. I need to help you. You need to help me. Do not brag outside there. Come down here. And as we help each other arise, as we help these young men and women arise, then the Lord who is in heaven will arise. When you are down. Thank you. I appreciate you. I appreciate your words. I appreciate your call to young people because they are mighty. And that is really true. You are mighty. And because of that, do not go alone. As He has said, if you want to go fast, go alone.  In whichever field of operation you have, look for someone of like-minded, of like languages and go far with them. Choose things that you can do together with the same agenda, with the same objective, Namta and Ambali. Now I would like to call you a Ph.D. to see what is going to happen. Because as He has said, you need me, I need you. This has been Youth in Action. I am Yangueso Grenis. This is the way to do it.


Atomicity you write down the next property. What do you mean by atomicity atomicity of nitrogen is what the atomicity Of nitrogen is it is diatomic molecule, right and to write down Nitrogen is a diatomic molecule diatomic molecule It's bond order Because we know and to molecule exists like this Nitrogen has three one triple bond and one one loan to our next nitrogen. It has one sigma bond and Two pi two pi bond one sigma and two Okay, next line phosphorous arsenic antimony exist in phosphorus arsenic antimony Exist as not in exist as tetra atomic molecule tetra atomic molecule like p4 SB4 AS4 like that. Okay, right on these elements are not capable of forming multiple bond, okay cable of all the multiple bond Because of the large size of orbital Large size of orbital so p4 structure you see it has a tetrahedron structure where Exist or Place at the corner of a tetrahedron like this.  Can you tell me the valence electron in p4 molecule? Total valence electron In one phosphorus atom, how many valence electron we have 5 we have p4 5 into 4 so p4 has 20 valence electron Now we see the type of compounds that these element forms. Okay, right on next thing Chemical reactivity right down the heading chemical reactivity, okay The first type of compound that we are going to discuss here Is the hydrides the formation of hydrides, right down the elements of group 15 forms hydride of hydride of mh3 type m H3 type likely have NH3 Ph3 ASH3 SBH3 bih Okay, this type of hydride Okay, so all these hydrides has three bond pair and One load correct All of you know this right that's why the steric number is four and hybridization is what? SB3 hybridization is SB3 geometry and What is the geometry geometry tetrahedral shape shape is Triagonal pyramidal under what case geometry and shape will be same. Can you tell me anyone? When there are no lone pairs when there There is no lone pair present when the lone pair is zero then whatever the geometry we have That will be the shape of the molecule also right that you must take care of Okay. Now like I said hydrides they form these Type of hydrides now there are various properties of hydride which is very important Okay, and they usually ask questions from these only chemical reactivity hydrides hydrides ka ho gaya, halides ka ho gaya, oxides ka ho gaya, these are the most important part here okay whatever we have discussed property boiling point and all that is also important but this one is more important okay so first property of hydrides right down and that we are going to discuss here is bond angle, bond angle bohotar pucha examin, bond angle this is a bond angle here I'll write down the molecule first we have NH3, BH3, ASH3, SBH3 and BIH3 these are the compounds the exact bond angle if I write down it is for Ns3 it is 93.6 okay for ASH3 it is 91.8 for PH3 it is just a second for Ns3 it is maximum, Ns3 it is 107, 107 point something approximately 107 I'm assuming and this is 93.6 this is 91.3 and this one is 90 so as we go down the group you see bond angle decreases okay values you don't have to memorize let me tell you okay values you don't have to memorize trend you should know so as we go down the group bond angle of hydrides decreases okay and why this happens size is a factor, size is a factor we have size is a factor electronegativity is also a factor one thing also one general thing you write down here note I have done this last year in chemical bonding if you remember as the electronegativity of central atom increases as the electronegativity of central atom increases bond angle increases see the difference in these molecules are what Ns3, PS3, ASH3, SBH3, BIH3 the difference is the central atom correct Savito hydrides the only central atom is different okay and the central atom has different electronegativity also correct so what you have to keep in mind as the electronegativity of central atom increases bond angle increases this is the general thing you should know why this happens that also you can understand I'll write down here you see electronegativity is what electronegativity is tendency to attract shared pair of electron shared pair of electron lone pair kunei diktem okay tendency to attract shared pair of electron so nitrogen has three bond pair like this and one lone pair okay so since the electronegativity of nitrogen is maximum one more molecule I'll draw here pH3 okay the electronegativity of nitrogen is more than that of phosphorus so what happens this bond pair of electron is very close to this nitrogen atom here comparatively it is shifted towards the nitrogen atom yes or no in comparison to this phosphorus where the atom electrons will be somewhere here not as close as the electrons are there in the case of nitrogen okay now when these goes to this center then obviously these two electrons will have some repulsion they are coming closer right say they're coming they're going close to each other right that's why they feel more repulsion so the bond angle increases there to minimize the repulsion that's why the electronegativity of the central atom increases it drags the electron towards the side and hence these electrons experience more repulsion and to minimize this the bond angle increases that's why we say at the as the electronegativity of central atom increases bond angle also increase okay well please like I said you don't have to memorize trend you must know clear so what does VIH3 look like sorry what does VIH3 look like 90 degree bond angle VIH3 you said VIH3 yeah VIH3 is same no the bond angle is 90 degree correct so this what happens here VI is this okay and these bonds are almost at 90 degree to each other here we have one lone pair all these are nitrogen so H H and H it's formed a triangle here right and a lone pair here okay okay yeah then next the second property of hydrides are thermal stability the thermal stability of these hydrides freezes as we go down the group and why this happens any guess thermal stability means what thermal stability means stability towards heat okay so when you heat these molecules all these hydrides which one is most stable that's the question is is this hence stability degree okay third property reducing agent as we go down the group it's reducing character increases okay and why this happens okay okay reducing agent is what as we go down the group the it's reducing characteristics increases okay why reducing characteristics increases because it is related to thermal stability actually why this thermal stability reducing nature is what tendency to lose hydride and okay so right on the reducing nature reducing nature is it tendency to release hydrogen to release hydrogen so as we go down the group the thermal stability decreases the molecules becomes less stable then the atom hydrogen bond can break easily and hydrogen can go out that's why the reducing behavior increases as we go down the group so bi at three is the best reducing agent out of the five year okay the reducing behavior I'll lie down the order and it's three is minimum then ph3 P then as at three SB at three and then bi at three must remember this also basic character next one basic character as we go down the group the basic character decreases okay the reason of this is what basic character is nothing but a tendency to lose electron okay tendency to lose electron will be more when the electron density is high okay electron density means what suppose we have I'm supposed I'm comparing nitrogen and phosphorous okay basic character of this so nitrogen case art we have any three phosphorus we also have an history we have to actually find out the tendency for these molecules to lose this lone pair of electron which is present on the center lattice and that is a louis based behavior right nitrogen size is lesser than to that of phosphorus okay so electron density in case of nitrogen is more or less more so electron density is more here it means it can easily lose electron more electron density more tendency to lose that's why the basic behavior of an S3 is maximum among these hydrides okay so an S3 is the strongest louis space out of the five right now because of maximum electron density okay these are the four properties characteristics characteristics we have of these hydrides that you must remember now these elements also reacts with oxygen and forms oxides okay


Dr. Esselstyn's landmark study showing even advanced triple-vessel coronary artery disease could be reversed with a plant-based diet has been criticized for being such a small study. But the reason we're used to seeing such large studies is that they typically show such small effects. Drug manufacturers may need to study 7,000 people in order to show a barely statistically significant 15% drop in ischemic events in a sub-sample of patients. Dr. Esselstyn got a 100% drop in those who stuck to his diet. All the more compelling, given that those 18 participants experienced 49 coronary events, such as heart attacks, in the eight years before they went on the diet. And these are the worst of the worst, most of whom having already failed surgical intervention. And so when the effects are that dramatic, how many people do you need? Well, in 1885, symptomatic rabies was a death sentence until July 6. When little Joseph Meister became the first to receive Pasteur's experimental rabies vaccine. The results of this and one other case were so dramatic compared with previous experience that the new treatment was accepted with a sample size of 2. So dramatic compared with previous experience, no randomized controlled trial was necessary. Having been infected by a rabid dog, be willing to participate in a randomized controlled trial when being in the control group had a certainty of a most awful death? Sadly, such a question is not entirely rhetorical. In the 1970s, a revolutionary treatment for babies with immature lungs called ECMO, extra corporeal membranous oxygenation, transformed mortality in these babies from 80% down to 20% nearly overnight. From 80% dead to 80% alive.  They didn't want to. They knew they'd be condemning babies to death.  And so, at Harvard's Children's Hospital, 39 infants were randomized to either get ECMO or not, just be consigned to conventional medical therapy. They decided to stop the trial after the fourth death so as not to kill too many babies, and that's what they did. The study was halted after the fourth conventional medical therapy death at which point 9 out of the 9 ECMO babies had survived. Imagine being the parent of one of those four dead children, just as one can imagine being the child of a parent who died from conventional medical or surgical therapy for heart disease. Medical students in the United States are taught very little about nutrition. Worse yet, their training actually biases them against the studies that show the power of dietary approaches to managing disease by encouraging them to ignore any information that does not come from double-blind, randomized controlled trials. Yet human beings cannot easily be blinded to a dietary intervention. They tend to notice what they're eating. As a result, physicians may be biased in favor of drug treatments and against dietary interventions for the management of chronic disease. Evidence-based medicine is a good thing. However, the medical profession may be focusing too much on one type of evidence to the exclusion of all others, degenerating into ignoring most of the truly important evidence-based medicine. And heart disease is the perfect example. On a healthy enough plant-based diet, our number one cause of death may simply cease to exist. The Cornell Oxford-China study showed that even small amounts of animal-based foods was associated with small but measurable increases in the risk of some of these chronic diseases. In other words, the causal relationship between dietary patterns and coronary artery disease was already well established before Orinician-Acelestine undertook their clinical studies. The value of their studies was not so much in providing evidence that such dietary changes would be effective, but in showing that physicians can persuade their patients to make such changes and also providing interesting data on the speed and magnitude of the change in severe atherosclerotic lesions as a result of dietary therapy. So any complaints that these studies were small or unblinded are simply irrelevant, because the evidence that the world diet and causing atherosclerosis is already so overwhelming, assigning a patient to a control group eating the standard American diet could be considered a violation of research ethics. Evidence of the value of plant-based diets for managing chronic disease has been available in the medical literature for decades. Kempner at Duke, John McDougal, the Physicians' Committee for Responsible Medicine, Dennis Birkitt warned us that the standard American diet is a standard cause of death and disability in the Western world for decades. Yet, physicians in the US are still busily staffing the ambulances at the bottom of the cliff instead of building fences at the top.


Hi everybody, thank you for being here after lunch My name is Timothy. I'm graphic artist and developer and I'm the co-maintenor on Jekompre and So today we will talk about Jekompre usage in the state of Kerala and the free software history there, so I will leave the mic to Aishwarya to Start the first part of the talk and come back after to give more news on Jekompre Hello So before going to More into slides first Kerala is a southwest part of a state in India, which is in the southwest part with 33 million inhabitants and Official language is Malayalam because when I say these words you during the talk just for clarification So Malayalam is our language so first Quickly go through the history of free software because it's important for Jekompre too why they are they started to use Jekompre So free software is a history in Kerala started with latex so first beginning of 80s a professor a mathematics professor in University of Kerala brought latex in 14 floppy disks from United States and He's he started to encourage his students to use latex and do papers only using latex so there were active a few active students using latex and promoting latex and There was a small community growing around latex So though there were one of them was a person called CV Radakushnan who was inspired from the technology He started a company which uses free software, which is called river valley technology which which was a company to for typesetting scientific papers and Also, he's the one who sponsored the first India's first portal for free software to host free software project So he is still active and the company still uses free software and promote free software Meanwhile, there was also a person a CEO of South Indian Fisheries Federation of Fisherman societies who is Satish Babu He got he got to know about the technology of internet from UK because he had a training for fisheries management in UK He also came back into Kerala with excited about internet technology And he started to explore more about technology internet and also he spread the word among his friends and In the same time there was another friend from Bangalore. It's another city of India A friend introduced him to GNULI NEXT 2. First it was they were a bit doubtful about GNULI NEXT But they started to explore and that's the small friends group started to enjoy GNULI NEXT So all these people together let the people around let the river valley company and the small friends group all together made GNULI NEXT users group to Vandrum. Vandrum is also a capital city of Kerala and They started to attract more and more more people to the user group There was also other user groups in other parts of Kerala starting from the inspiration from the same user group but The important part also Happened around this user group because there was some a few computer science students who were attracted to GNULI NEXT and the the there was the first Fris of At least first conference that Richard Talman participated in India Do that was happened in Bangalore. So all these computer science students wanted to participate in that conference they they got chance to participate and they they were in the they were Listening to the talk by Richard Talman and they were highly attracted to the philosophy of free software Because before they were just exploring the technology so they came came back to Kerala and With the user group all together they started more discussion around free software philosophy and They decided to establish free software foundation of India So also they they got approval from Richard Talman and and they managed to organize a conference Which which was named freedom first which was also a conference to integrate free software foundation of India and They also got Richard Talman to integrate the FS of India and Even more importantly they they campaigned our government to support the conference So there was government support and Richard Talman was the government guest of Kerala So the as it is a government Conference the they got a big media attention and also a lot of people were attracted to the conference because of media attention and When Richard Talman came also with his long hair and long beard People but ah who is this person people were curious to know who is this what he's doing in India so all together that Conference was very big success. It attracted much more people in Kerala and it started to build more and more free software communities around the inside the state and So the the best part was all this free software foundation and all the free software activists managed to to Influence the decision-makers of Kerala and they started to implement free software in lot of state initiatives for for example public work department public Fisheries department, etc. But for this talk we concentrate more on education department so the Kerala is the first state in India who introduced IT education in schools It's introduced in the 8th class, which means 13 year old kid But in the first year it was just in the textbook It was just Microsoft Windows and Microsoft office But free software activists were very much pissed off by this because first They got support from the government and suddenly the the education department doing textbooks on Microsoft Windows So there were protests all around Kerala. Also, there was big support from a school teachers association Which had major teacher community from public schools in Kerala. So altogether they made They they managed to get approval from the Public department that they decided to use only free software and they made IT school newly next distribution based on the bien That was the still they use IT at school newly next in the all the schools So but the important decision was in 2007 Before before that the all these when the decision is made so public schools decided to teach only free software So the first stage was to do training for teachers that was done by space Which is society for promotion of alternative computing and employment, which is an NGO that promotes free software So they give the first training and they give technical support for IT at school and Then the government made ICT policy So the ICT policy it was the important statement in ICT policy was the government Realizes that free software presents a unique opportunity in building a truly egalitarian knowledge society The government will take all efforts to develop free software and free knowledge and shall encourage and mandate the appropriate use of free Software in all ICT initiatives It was a big step for Kerala move completely towards free software and the decision was very important So the first they like I told you they introduced They introduced first in eighth eighth year of education So first it was some supplements of textbooks to start to use computer to do mouse and to start to experience start to learn computers and Jicombe was the big part of supplements or so to explain was also there So Jicombe started to get popular from that time from the beginning of IT education in Kerala. So it gets very popular inside Kerala so Jicombe History in Kerala actually starts from there, but just to conclude my free software history part There's also important Decisions But moving I cannot say it from 2007 it was 100 percentage free software because there was one stream After 15 years all we have to take we have to choose our Our an option option like science or maths or computer science So there was one stream for commerce. So they were still using tally in windows, but three or four years ago They moved to Gnu Kata. So now it's hundred percent free software in the education department and Also the the free software love in Kerala It not only this history. It's also I think the localization was very important for the free software love After just after the establishment of free software foundation of India they started localization effort efforts because we are the English is not our native language and only people in university can understand or use more English so they started localization efforts from the beginning and also now these days there were beautiful fonts from Swadhandra Malayalam computing which is also a free software collective, which is in the space of Indic languages That's very important also for the free software love. I think and And also the thing is the first year's Microsoft didn't care just 38 million Malayalam speaking community because They didn't expect us to grow in technology that match I think that's also a point because first localization come with free phones and open phones It's also a point to grow free software there So now we move more towards Before that all this information you can get from the blog post by dr. Rishi Kumar which is the website is there and also I had this question with Arun who is Secretary of SF in FS of India and coordinator of space. He's also the one who brought me to free software or more close to free software So now I'm moving towards the company So like I told you First it was just a tier of general education free software education stats But then then after internet and computers started to get more popular the government decided to start from the first year of school so From first year to fourth year of general education the major part of the textbook is recovery and also there are other a few Other applications like text paint and another KD application color paint. I don't know You don't but anyway, they still teach that so but still recovery is the major part So it's our it's our first year textbook just It's the Malayalam version. I am sure I don't think there are people who know Malayalam So there's English medium textbook and Malayalam medium textbook So they this the first year they start with just most activities and things like that and second year They try to do more parallel to the other subjects like for example if they are teaching multiplication So they use recovery multiplication activity like that But it's very hard to make it parallel, but it is still try to go to parallel with the subjects but then and also other thing to Say there are other KD applications that we use in public education our color paint and K stars K geography and in the higher level classes K Tech Lab and And also there is cad and live I think there are more to the list, but I don't know the complete list because in my year it was just three years of IT education and another after public education another experiment happened with jicombe in Kerala is Insight it's a center for kids with cognitive disability. So they they it's also Though they had also technical support from space. So of course, they they decided to use free software for kids with cognitive disability they chose they chose jicombe because They from their feedback. They said it's about the pleasant design and simplicity of jicombe For example, they said the the smiling flower after each activity It was very simple and the one word be in the background It was much simpler for kids other than a big uproar and complex images and lot of mess That was the very important thing from them, but unfortunately they are They don't They don't sustain because of financial reason at least this year. They had big problems with financial things But still they are big motivation for jicombe and if someone want to refer their handbook. I have that and Another important thing I miss that in jicombe in public schools. They use all GTK version But after I localized jicombe I informed them but it will take time after all this bureaucracy process to change all these textbooks for Malay Arab medium English medium Tamil medium. There's a lot of medium inside The state, so it will take time, but for now if they are using GTK version So now I move towards my work So when I started to do jicombe Localization or I'll start decided to do localization I was not using Malayalam inputs in my computer because in Kerala I got my my own computer when I was a third year of University and I was struggling with English that time So I wanted to see more English words and use English so I didn't use Malayalam input for learning reason So the first thing was to choose Malayalam keyboard I am good at Beppo, which is a French equivalent of Dwarak So I choose Malayalam inscript keyboard for that reason because the vowels and consonants are in similar positions and Next thing it was not very the installation was okay But then there was a problem to switch keyboard I was in norm that time and to switch keyboard I didn't manage to to put the keyboard shortcut But I would say I didn't try that much because I thought Timothy was using plasma And he always switched the keyboard and he always say you see Plasma do that Plasma do this So I moved to Plasma and of course I started with other KDE application So I use localized to translate and there comes the next issue when I use localized when I type Malayalam It's all red underline comes and I started I thought this was first its localized issue and then all the KDE applications show in all the Malayalam What's wrong with spell checker and I saw a bug which is one seven six five three seven Which is ten years old and which is filed by Sandor Stortingel, which is a language professional in Malayalam So first I was a bit sad I just switched to Plasma and I The first impression was also KDE don't care about Malayalam community It was the first impression but anyway My priority was to work so it continued to work and and That's also why I didn't go behind the bug that much at that time But during Academy, I'm I'm sure I want to fix somehow or at least find a way to fix how to fix that so and then next and Then next comes the font issues in Malayalam there are a lot of open fonts and and But the G comp ship with the default phone called and diga which is for design for Latin scripts So I have to suggest or we have to suggest a phone for G comp a which font to have to use So I started to learn more about fonts and more about my own language from that point So Malayalam is a complex language which evolved from Brahmi, which is an ancient language Sanskrit is another Action language in India like that. Brahmi is another one which is small in South India so Malayalam evolved from Brahmi through Granda alphabet and What are the writing system? It's all South Indian language systems so and also there we have thousand About or more than thousand two hundred graphemes in our language So as it's very complex language The typesetting was very hard. So the government decided in 70s. I think to reform the Autography so they simplified the orthography which is called reformed orthography in Malayalam for typesetting reasons So the all the textbooks start to use reformed orthography. So But still all the kids learn seeing watching Traditional orthography because all the graffitis posters More handwritings were all in traditional orthography. Anyway, so the textbooks are using reformed orthography So I choose to use reformed orthography. So I first tried the Agumal ealam sons Which is an open font from Malayalam So I tried and then for all the cute applications in that font. We had a Bug that a consonant has unwanted dot inside that inside the curve So I managed to fix that bug and I did the patch. So it got one So it was in the end. It was okay to suggest So we suggest regumal ealam sons and not a sense Malayalam, which is also default in androine So that's our both fonts we suggest and then next was So I finished the all the translation it took two months for me first. It was I have very the small Very slow typing speed was also the recent for slower work but then in the end I could manage to attain a good speed and also there was big issues for translating some words especially some vegetables which are only in the global north for example leak in Friend it's poor This vegetable we don't know in Kerala. So you have to do more research and also some words more culturally related to here for example blonde Before starting to learn more western things. I didn't even know people have different color of hair So these words were hard to translate and but after some research some words anyway, I couldn't Include in do complete only option was okay. Just to don't put in the country Anyway, but the public schools use customized version. So it's not a big problem for them they use they change some pictures things like that and Then after translated all the text then I did voice record and website translation Which was financially supported by IC force, which is an autonomous government institution in Kerala It's full form is international sender for free and open source software Which is government organization just to promote and open hardware entry software So they supported me and for voice recording. I used a duo and audacity But the recording it was also my first time doing voice records. I thought it's a very easy task. So I just counted five days of work but in the end it was I Didn't think of outside noise and I cannot control outside noise and also to to make my voice clear for long duration So in the end it took more than two weeks to finish all the work. Anyway, I finished it and but and the first first person who Who tested after me and Timote was my mother The jicompre localized version and I'm happy that she started to learn to use computer because she said she's more Comfortable with my voice and there's full of malayalam So she start to use mouse and learning more computer with jicompre now. So I'm happy with that user feedback and Also the schools at least the schools near my village. I will do when I go to India The cute wash and installation when I was it will be there. So I will get more user feedback So that's it and I'm happy with my work. There are some modifications, but still I'm Happy with the and also it also opened a new area for me That's malayalam typography where there are a lot of things to do a lot of bugs to fix So I'm happy and I'm busy with the phones Thank you, so I will go fast for the end of the talk because we're a bit out of So for the future we have plans to improve the customization of the application for the different cultures because as she said that for some cultures some Words like vegetables or animals or not relevant at all. So In the old GTK version it was Relatively easy because for some activities you could include customized assets in a user defined folder Which was very easy, but for the new code version because we use we compile all the assets in RCC files Then it's a bit more complicated because it's a binary format and people cannot explore what's inside or Modify it easily. They have to have technical background to know how to recompile the application or just compile RCC file separately, which is Not so easy. So our plan is to Have localized datasets So it would be a way to provide different datasets downloaded from the way the way the same way we provide localized voices now depending on the user settings and We want to build that upon the multiple multiple dataset system, which we are currently working on I will talk just after So of course if some people are interested to help on that front to either help to bring back to The option to use Assets from a folder or to work on the localized dataset. Please come to the workshop on Tuesday afternoon you're very welcome and So a bit of history quickly Last year we released three new versions 090 in March with eight new activities 091 in May which was bug fix and 095 in December with again seven more activities Which was increasing a lot the number of activities and this year We made a new macOS version in January, which was Due long time due because the last one was 052 for from more than three years ago and Then We still don't have any idea if or when we will update the iOS version because we don't have any device to test it So and also for ethical reason. I don't intend to buy any So we'll see but it's not our priority. Anyway, we prefer to have packages for Raspberry Pi for example and Then in March, we released 096 which was a bug piece bug fix but also Mostly a translation release because we had six languages updated which bring total language of fully translated To 19 and we have 15 Pastually translated so it makes 30 languages. We still have room for improvement the old GTK version had reached 50 translations so We welcome all the communities which are not represented in the new version Then in July, we released a 64-bit version of Android which was mandatory for the new to comply to the new requirement of the Android Play Store and the same months we finally have G-Compre available on fdroid official repositories Which took a very long time to get there because in the first place the fdroid people They didn't have an easy way to build cute application that complied with their requirement because They want to use only deviant packages to build and the deviant packages of cute don't provide the Android SDK of cute So in the end after a long discussion, they agreed to just use the cute installer and Which makes it seems much more easier So for every other KDE application that want to go to have the read now, which would be much much more easier So don't for don't hesitate to get in touch with them Here it is and then for the next release We done big things we've been working on instead of new activities. We added the first subcategories Which was a request from teacher Which because for some of the categories the most crowded one it was getting hard to navigate and Find the one they want so we added subcategories. So it's easier to find for each topic The relevant activities and then the next very big thing is multiple datasets which allows to separate the content of activities in different datasets I made the design of the features and Johnny the other commentator Coded the groundwork for it and we had a gsoc student who did very good work integrating Lot of activities to that so we have now more than 20 activities using the multiple datasets and The other big thing for next release is the painting activity for which we also had a gsoc student last year which made good progress, but Didn't finish completely. So this year I spent a lot of time working on trying to finish it, but sadly First it works very good on GNU Linux, but sadly on Android. There's a very specific bug Which make it unusable. So if anyone is As some experience with the canva QML element on Android, please come to me and let's see if we can fix that bug That's all for the news for next release Thank you for your attention. I Don't know if you have time for any questions Or if there are any questions When is one point not coming out? 1.0 We should release it next year. I think because we need to in the first place We wanted to reach full parity with the old jtk version, which we almost reached We have maybe two activities missing which are not the most important ones And but now we because we have the big change with the multiple datasets We want to have as much activities ported to that system before 1.0. So it should be for next year Any other questions? All right, let's sit down. Thank you


Okay, so right here I have tag time web, which is a Static time tracking website that I made I'll show you how it works. So first I'm gonna sign up Okay, so this is what you get when you sign up. I'm gonna hit get start it and okay, so I got my first ping So that's me. Okay. It's tag time. What am I doing exactly at this time so I can enter it in so let's say Video they're just take notice how each one of these has its own color five not in some more one They all have a unique color and then I can just hit enter to complete the tag or hit the little button Now if I go into pings, I can see my historical pings. So this is the one that I just entered If I go into settings, there's a few settings I can change So I can and this displays on home page to hit this button and enable notifications So I get a notification whenever there's a ping. I Can make it to what plays audio whenever there's a ping Which one you choose that way you just know when there's a ping In addition to the notifications, of course Here you can change how often pings occur. So if I change this something like two minutes and hit update And now we'll get pings on average two minutes apart Here I can change it the default pings when I'm AFK like away from keyboard You can import or export from a tag time long if I click that will just download my tag time log And you can even change it to dark mode. So let's go back to the home page and wait for the next ping Okay, so now we've got a new ping. So if I hit more info, it just shows you more info Here's a neat trick. If you hit the double or single quote Then it will just repeat all of the previous tags and notice how it says AFK here That's because I didn't answer the previous ping. So just assumed I was away from the keyboard You also can have duplicate tags. If I type in video again, it just disappears because it doesn't make sense to have duplicate tags Yeah, that's it That there are a few more features. That's the basics of using tag time web


Everybody is protected, which is as it should be. However, it is important that people understand that they are protected. Every British Columbia needs to feel protected and have confidence in that protection no matter their gender, identity or expression. So earlier today I met with my legislative colleague Vancouver West End MLA Spencer Chandra Herbert to alert him to the changes we are proposing and let him know it is our intention to introduce a bill on this issue when the legislature resumes next week. The proposed changes will specifically include gender identity or expression among the protected grounds of discrimination in British Columbia's human rights code. So for example, a landlord may not refuse a tenancy to a transgender person. An employer may not fire someone because they are transgender. It is those kinds of discrimination which need to be protected against in British Columbia and all British Columbians need to know that that kind of discrimination is not acceptable and is not permitted under our human rights code. Thank you, Minister Anton. It's been a long road but we're getting there and when the introduction of the legislation finally occurs we will finally see explicit protections for transgender people in BC's human rights code and join with most of Canada in ensuring that transgender people know that their rights are protected in law, in name and right there on the paper. It's my job as Attorney General and it is government's job to ensure that all British Columbians are not only protected from discrimination but they know they are protected and they feel they are protected and our changes to the human rights code will do that. Thank you very much.