What's up everybody once again it's Bram and Sean and this video is brought to you by BramManNetwork.com because I signed myself. Now people have been asking me this question man and they've been asking me this question because Jadakiss has come out and said, artists you know y'all y'all don't need a manager and I'm like hmm okay what do I think about this and I couldn't really find any context he didn't really elaborate and it just seemed like he said yo y'all don't need a manager because they'll allow you to learn more you'll you can get more of the business blah blah blah you can keep more all that good stuff that's what it seemed but it was coming from energy wise but here's my answer man do artists need a manager it depends all this stuff opinions at the end of the day that's why it's hard when you ask these general questions a lot of times artists should I do this should I do this I don't know anything about your situation it depends some artists I was on the artist with a call with an artist a couple days ago she was like yo like I don't want to do this marketing stuff I don't want to do this other stuff I just want to focus on my photo shoots my music and like stay in that pocket right there this is what I love to do perfect that works for her she needs a manager she needs somebody who's gonna control that situation and help handle all those other things that she doesn't want to somebody else they might want to be all up in the business they might want might want to be this super entrepreneurial type person all that stuff but even if you're that type of artist my question is who's gonna manage stuff when you can't manage it because you're performing or you're focusing on the music in the creative aspect you need some kind of partner I don't care if you want to give them the manager title right something like that but you need somebody who has that role that can handle business that you can trust and not only that you need somebody preferably who knows more than you in these areas so I don't know what kind of dynamic the relationship is going to be but when we're talking about scaling and getting to a certain level and being able to build an empire you're gonna need those people that are smarter than you in certain areas and not only smarter than you they might even start off as smart as you but in certain areas but they have more time to spend in that area long term they're gonna be better than you and you need people to be that so if you're trying to be the best person in every category in your business and in your art like what are you trying to do you can't really build much that way and you're gonna be overextending yourself especially in this business in this business oh nah it's a wrap for you you can't be the smartest person in because your team is not gonna be able to really carry the weight and you're gonna stretch yourself out from telling your team like giving them all these specifics around their roles and trying to demand that they do all these things that you need them to do while at the same time trying to do all the things you need to do it doesn't work like that artists y'all need a manager I would default to getting a manager and then maybe getting yourself to a point in your career where you might not need a manager anymore that might be a thing and then you still need people to handle that stuff like you need people to handle certain things so you might call them partners or whatever kind of semantics that you want to run with cool but you need somebody and most artists most artists I think need a manager now that doesn't mean you need a manager to kick your career off that's where the difference is some of y'all are trying to get managers way too early right you need to be able to learn and stay involved in certain stuff and learn certain parts of the business and understand a lot of the reality of it and actually have something worth managing and then we can talk about being a manager so that might be one of the nuances maybe jay kiss was talking about that I would love to hear him elaborate but no I would say most artists need a manager if anything start off with a manager and then once y'all's contract or a certain period goes by maybe y'all decide okay we're gonna move on and you're not gonna get any more managers you're gonna get like a CEO of this section of your business and and the CEO of this section of your business and have a partnership here I don't know what that looks like that's individual to your business as I said it's all subjective at the end of the day but last but not least I will make sure I summarize it for most people I I think you need a manager right you need a manager that traditional role I don't care what you call it but you need somebody who does those things that managers kind of do they're all better at one thing or another that's a whole nother conversation but other than that I would love to know what you guys think as always if you're interested in getting deeper into conversations like these if you want to actually help get your management situation but more so even develop your branding and marketing then you can check us out at brandmannetwork.com because I saw myself if you liked this video go ahead like buddy be like you might as well share it and if you're not subscribed you know what to do hit that subscribe


Ladies and gentlemen, operating in the art of deception, I brought General Neller in through the side door. But it gives me great pleasure to introduce the command on the Marine Corps, General Robert Neller. OK, I really appreciate getting the time after lunch. Thank another special deal from our Navy. At least you're awake now. So I would tell for the students, you know the deal. If you start to fall asleep, move to the back of the room. But because of some of the more experienced nature and seasoned nature of some of our other guests, just go ahead and take a nap. So what I'm going to do, I've got 45 minutes, not enough time, but I'm going to talk. I'm going to look at Mr. West here. You've got at about 20 till, if you would give me the hook. And then I want to take some questions. So there's a book John Tulin, a friend of mine, just retired 40 years. And he and I are big rugby players. And he says, hey, you've got to read this book called Legacy by this guy, Kerr.  And they found themselves at the turn of this century where their standard is kind of like our military, they expect to win the World Cup. They expect to win. And if they don't win, it'd be like us going to war and coming back and saying, the American people saying, well, how'd you do? So we took third. We took third. And that's not acceptable. And they realized that they had lost some things in their culture. And they had got some people on the team that really weren't committed, that they had kind of gotten more selfish. They had forgotten about serving the whole group. And so they needed a change. And Kerr wrote this book about how they went through this organizational, cultural change. But you're talking about picking 30 men. Now, they have a woman's team, but 30 male rugby players out of a population of five million people. And I actually met their coach, Steve Hansen. He's been the assistant coach. He played for them. He's their coach now. And I asked him, I said, do you have a problem finding talent? He goes, no, I got no problem finding it. I have a problem finding character. And then later on, they had their fitness coach came, because we're revamping our fitness program. And he said, you know, they're picking on the side. He says, probably the best player in New Zealand is not going to get picked. I said, why is that?   And we don't want him on the team.  But I got to have pressure up. I got to have the players want it more than the coach. And he says, I don't want to have to lose to learn. Now think about that. Most time, we've been taught, hey, you got to have a failure to learn. You got to have something bad, happy to learn. He says, I don't want to lose. But I want to get better. So this is kind of what we're trying to do in the Marine Corps. And whether we get there or not, we'll see. So let me just talk about where our Marines are real quick. So end strength, probably when you put all the reserves in there on active duty today, probably close to 190,000 in summertime, because we've got a lot of reserves on active duty. And if you go from right to left, as you look at it, we've got a special purpose MAGTF, primarily reserve Marines down in Honduras working with Admiral Tidd. We've got the USS America, the first LHA replacement, non-well deck, big deck out there training up, getting ready to go to SENTCOM.  And there'll be a large force down there to include Marines that are down there with the Ameritime Response Force. Darwin, 3rd Battalion, 4th Marines, my very first battalion that just came back online about a year ago, now that we're back up to 24 infantry battalions. And they'll probably get embarked aboard Australian amphib ships. And they'll conduct a landing down there. Continue across the globe. We're back in, I was talking to Bing West about this. We're back in Helmand with about 300 folks. And they're actually right now helping the Afghans get back in Marsha. So, you know, the sequel, Marsha the sequel. Hopefully there won't be a third. Across further in, 24th MEW and CENTCOM, they're actually making a port call in Jebel Ali. There are LPD, the whole platform, the Mesa Verdes in the Med, working for Admiral Walhauser. So we've actually, we have distributed the force. That's what we call, when the ARG MEW is split between two COCOMs that are distributed because they're still OPCON to that MEW ARG CO team when they're taken on to the COCOM. We've got a special person, Agtaf and Kuwait. We're flying F-18s out of Bahrain that are part of the strike package. The Marines are, we use an MV-22 Ospreys or trapping or prepared to recover any down pilot that goes down in Syria or Iraq of any of our coalition partners or the Iraqis. We got two Marine colonels running about 2,000 to 5,000 coalition forces, Australians, Canadians, Brits, Danes, all up in there training the Iraqis at places that many of us are familiar with, Tocatum and Al-Assad. And then in the Med, we've got another Spurs, Spurs, Magtaf operating out of Moron, Spain. They're also in Sigonella doing theater security cooperation in Africa. They're out of MK, Romania. We've got another amphib ship that Arlington's up doing ball tops with the Sixth Fleet Commander in the Baltic Sea to include active and reserve Marines and we've got Marines back in Norway for the first time in about, we never really had anybody stationed in Norway. We just trained there, but we're living there and the Norwegians are excited about it and we'll see if we can keep from getting some of those guys married off. That's what I'm worried about. That's what I'm worried about. And then back in the States, one thing is important and I know you watch the Secretary and the Chairman's testimony that testified again this morning to testify tomorrow myself and acting Secretary Stackley and the CNO to testify Thursday in front of the Senate. We're a two to one force, a Marine Corps. We used to be a three to one force. When I came in and in the 80s, we were gone for six and back for 18. Now we're gone for six and we're home for 12. That tempo is hard on our people, it's hard on our gear and it's hard on our families. And what it also does to our people is, you checked in, you had 18, well you never really had 18 months because you figured you gotta leave it and leave when you come back from an appointment and leave before you go. So now we're talking 16 months. Now you gotta learn your job. So now you used to have 16 months to go out there and be second lieutenant and now learn, kinda screw it up and figure it out and go to the field and go out there and learn who your Marines were and learn your trade craft and have the platoon sergeant tell you what to do and then make mistakes, make mistakes and learn. Now you got 10 months, maybe nine months. That's not a lot of time. And if you're single and you join the Marine Corps to go do stuff, that's great. But for the first time, I'm getting a little concerned about our career force. So that's what's going on and we can talk about that. But let me talk about the future because there's really three things going on right now in all our militaries. One, we're meeting current requirements. Two, we're trying to reestablish our readiness of our legacy gear and we're preparing for the future. We're modernizing. And those three things within that two to one cycle and when you had a CR for eight years, I mean, we're very thankful that we've got a budget this year and we got a supplemental but we only got four months to spend it. And for the Marine Corps, the difference between that CR and what we got is about $2 billion. I mean, for the Navy, that's not a lot of money.  We're going to spend that money and we're already seeing improvement in our readiness. It's going to take, it took us a while to get to this point, particularly the aviation but it's going to take us a while to get back but it's starting to happen. But the future operating environment is not going to be, we don't think, and we may be wrong but we think it's going to be, we don't know geographically where it's going to be but I think even if it is geographically the places we've been, it's going to be more like this where you've got complex terrain, you've got fighting in urban areas, you've got a proliferation of technology both amongst yourself and by your adversaries. Information is a weapon. We see that every day in our own lives, just watch the news. You're being informed whether you like it or not about what's going on and you have to decipher what is really accurate and what is not. Contested domains used to be when we would teach here and for those of you who support the school, thank you so much for doing that because we train for the mission but we educate for the future. So this is really where for the students here, you're learning, you have a chance to read the good books, spend time with your families and get connected and then we're going to bring you out of here in about a week and we're going to wear your ass out. I'm so excited that you're getting out of this school because I got stuff for you to do. But the domains, and we talked to you about air, land and sea and maybe under the sea. Now we're talking about space. We're talking about cyber. I think information is a domain because information rides through space and on cyber and we've got to be able to operate because our adversaries are operating now today. In fact, the fight in cyber is going on right now. Right now, the fight in cyber is going on and we have skill sets and they have skill sets and getting permissions and authorities is probably the bigger issue. And for a Western democracy, a liberal democracy like ours, the right of free speech and the privacy of your information is always going to butt up head against what's going on in cyber and the protection of your rights and your information against the country that really doesn't care about that. It's something we need to talk about. And the last one is battle of signatures. Now when I was a company commander, we were getting ready to fight the Soviet Union and we trained and that I could tell you the order of battle of every Soviet motorized rifle regiment and what was in the lead echelon, the combat reconnaissance patrol, the advance guard, how far apart they were. And I knew when I went out to train at 29 Palms that there were gonna be radio battalion people out there trying to jam my net, do imitative deception. I mean, this happened in Vietnam. There was jamming, there was imitated decession, people, because they didn't have any crypto. You know, flip flop, take the thing on the prick 25 and flip the thing and use brevity codes and all that, we haven't done that in the last 16 years of war. I mean, I can't speak for the Navy, but for the ground forces, I mean, we went to a fob, there was fiber optic cable, we had big screen TVs and we were sitting there in an air conditioned room more or less, we never moved, we never maneuvered and we didn't worry about anybody jamming us because there was nobody that could jam us. We didn't worry about our signature, we didn't worry about how much electromagnetic mass or our energy we were putting out because there was nobody who's gonna shoot at us. That's not that way anymore. So our training, our thought process, this battle of signatures, minimize my signature, get the adversary to raise their signature, find their signature, because if I can find your signature, I can target your signature and if I can target your signature, I can kill you. If that sounds harsh, I'm not gonna apologize because I mean, that's what you pay me to do. You pay Marines to go out and break stuff.  And we can feed them and we can rescue them and we all feel good about that, but at the end of the day, we break stuff and we try not to get ourselves broken. But this signature thing is a big deal. So all these things are part of that future operating environment that we're concerned with. So what are we gonna do about it? We're trying to write, we've written a concept called the Marine Operational Concept. Talks about how we're gonna fight as part of the naval team as a maritime component in the sea space. It's tied to Co-operative Strategy 21. We're writing a littoral ops in a contested environment. I'll talk about that and we're also working with the Army in multi-domain battle. We're trying to get back to maneuver, not just in the physical dimensions, but also in the mental dimensions and the kind of ubiquitous dimensions of cyber. How do you maneuver in cyber? What's the space? I mean, space is three-dimensional. Information's not three-dimensional. Cyber has got a physical part, but it's also got a mental, a cognitive piece. So we've written this document, trying to get back to being a combined arms force, enhance maneuver, maneuver warfare, find the enemy's gaps, avoid their surfaces. In other words, find where they're weak, take advantage of their weaknesses, find their vulnerabilities, minimize or mask our vulnerabilities or protect our vulnerabilities or our friendly centers of gravity and go out after that. And that's in this document, which is not too long, and it's got some vignettes on how we think we're gonna fight from the sea to get to this point. And that's something that we're working on and we're a work in progress. Part of that is also changing our force structure and what we're calling force 2025. And we're gonna see the first iteration of that. The Marine Corps was gonna go to a force of 182,000 until we got the money for this budget, where we've got money to pay for 185,000 marines, so we're gonna be able to buy 3,000 more marines. Those marines are going to be intel marines, cyber marines, air defense marines, information marines, public affairs marines, electronic warfare marines. I need more infantry and ground combat in airplanes, but I don't need them now. I gotta make what we've got now in the more traditional force capabilities whole and ready, but I gotta build this other capability because right now we don't believe, I don't believe we're trained, organized and equipped to fight up here or near peer in 2025. And we gotta get after it because time is moving and so are our adversaries. So we're doing experiments, C-Dragon, on the 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit, the infantry battalion out there, 35, battalion landing 35, they're kind of our experimental unit, and we're giving them some of the cool guy stuff and all the Gucci infantry stuff that, it's not expensive, it's actually, it's rifles, it's suppressors, it's better calm. Every rifle squad by any of this year is gonna have its own UAV because I want the UAV to go look over the hill and not Lance Corporal West, okay?  And if it gets shot down, then I got Lance Corporal Harley back on the 3D printer, making me a new one. Oh yeah, right now. I mean, we're moving out and all the old curmudgeons like myself are getting religion about this because once we energize the force, the soldiers, sailors, German Marines, they're all fired up about this and they're gonna go faster than we can probably handle. But part of this is also being part of a maritime force. So there's a lot of discussion and I know there's a question earlier about should big deck amphibs be the equivalent of, you know, light carriers? Well, of course we can do that. I mean, the America could carry 20 F-35Bs and I think they're going out with six or eight and the F-35B squad and then we have deployed to the Westpac and Iwakuni, they just came back from Alaska where they did a, there's a big giant trainer, I didn't realize this till I went to Alaska, up in Isleson Air Force Base, three times bigger than Nellis. It's like the size of Indiana.  And of course the F-35 is gonna go up there and slaughter everybody, they slaughter them. You know what the Air Force call the F-35 at Nellis?  That was told to me by an Air Force officer, so. Because they can't see him. They can't see him. And they all get killed. So we're excited about that but there's a lot of discussion about, okay, if the enemy has this capability, if the adversaries got long range, anti-ship ballistic missiles, all our adversaries have got anti-ship coastal defense cruise missiles. They've all got mines, a problem we've never really solved. You know, how are you gonna get in the second island chain? How are you gonna get in the first island chain?  You just can't go kind of lollygagging in there and laying the landing force. That's fact, and that's always been the truth. We've never been able to do that. I'm going to Guadalcanal in August for the 75th anniversary. I'm so jacked up about that. It's gonna be so cool. For the Marines, any Marines in here? Besides, there are a few Marines here. I'm gonna go find John Basilon's position. And I'm just gonna sit there. I'm gonna smell the ground. Let's say this is it, right here. Holy land. But if you read about that campaign, it's not a whole lot different than what we're doing now. The Japanese had long-range, air-based aircraft. They had submarines. They had a really good fleet. They did really good at night fighting. And we had radar, but we didn't really know how to use it. And they had already been campaigning across the Pacific, and we were kind of, we had to lose to learn. We can't lose to learn the next time. Because it could be too much. So, for those that would say, well, the amphibious operation is the thing of the past, you're never gonna be able to defeat this adversary, I would disagree. Because I think we know what their capabilities are. We've got our capabilities, you know what I mean? I can give you a scenario. So all right, so I'm take off. We're all part of a maritime task force. I got carrier strike groups. I got amphibious strike groups. I got surface action groups. I got submarines out screen in front of me. I go up and seize an advanced naval base, a secure area. That becomes a land-based aircraft carrier for me. I'm flying UAVs and F-35Bs off of that. And I use that to suppress the enemy as I go along. I take a circuitous route screened by my submarines and my surface action. I come around and I use the carrier strike group.  Now it's not that gonna be that simple. I gotta clear the mines. I've gotta do it at extreme ranges. I've gotta have logistics. It's really, really complicated. It's always really, really been complicated. And we haven't had to work at it real hard the last 15, 16 years because we haven't had to work at it. Because we were been ashore in a land-based counter-insurgency stability off-bite with no maneuver. And we know we can do that. And we don't wanna lose that skill set. But we're a maritime force. We're Marines. We come from the sea. And we use the sea as maneuver space. And as part of that Navy Marine Corps team, we've gotta be able to do this. And whether it's a seizure of advanced bases, which is in the Marine operational concept, I mean, that's one of our core missions in the National Security Act to seize and secure advanced naval bases for the further prosecution of the naval campaign. Whether it's a port or an airfield. We composite the force. We integrate our force. We move up. The carrier strike group, the surface action group allows us the ability to set the condition to land the landing force and we project that power ashore. And do we have everything we need? Do we have a long range radars? No, but I think we realize that. You know, one of our priorities for acquisition is one of the things I get beat up a lot by the younger Marine officers is how come we're not flying reapers and preds? I said, well, I like that capability, but I'm not sure in a maritime campaign how that works. I have to have a land base. There's a lot of infrastructure. I gotta have a 6,000 foot runway, which means I got an infantry battalion to guard it. I gotta maintain it. I gotta pet it. And you've got no survivability. I would much rather have a group four or five unmanned air system UAV flying off a ship. And that's my number one, not me, the Marine Corps' number one aviation procurement requirement. So I don't know if you know anybody that's got one that built it in their garage. Have them give me a call. I'm interested. So my point in all this is, I'm not wishing away the problems. We're not wishing away the problems. We're doing a lot of stuff with the Navy. Navy Marine Corps Board is back in business and we're talking about these really hard, tough problems. There's a lot of wargaming going on, but it's being done by with all due respect to Lieutenant-Colonels, Commanders and Captains and Marine-Colonels, and my point is, well, how am I supposed to learn anything if everybody's doing the wargame but me? We need to get generals and animals up here, Admiral Harley, in the wargame. I don't wanna hear about what the captain learned. I wanna learn it myself. So we need to come up here because that way we'll be forced to talk. The generals and animals will be forced to talk through these really tough issues of command and control, logistics, sea control, shaping the environment, setting the conditions, securing advanced bases, denying the enemy, long range fires, distributed lethality, all the stuff, getting the proper command and control and radars on amphib ships so that we can talk to each other so that the F-35 cannot just do what it does through stealth. It can link the force and provide information and create conditions so that we can impose our will either at sea, under the sea, in the air, on the land. So that's what's going on. And if we can create this fifth generation Marine Corps, and you'll see the similar themes that I was just talking about up here, integrate that naval force, evolve the Marine air ground task force, which we're trying to do with force 2025, operate with resilience in that contested environment to the network, reduce our signature, be resilient, deny the enemy, their ability to use the network, enhance our maneuver, and then really the most important part is take advantage of the skill and competence of the young Marine we've got. I mean, they're really, they're different. I mean, I came in in 1975, my first three squad leaders were a guy, Sergeant Bacon, Sergeant Douglas, and Corporal Thomas had an average GCT of 69. They were good men. They were good Marines. I tried to teach them a right of five paragraph order, that lasted like about three minutes.  And I didn't have time to educate, but I had time to train them and they had time to train me. That's not the case anymore. The young men and women we get are really, really smart, and I think we need, we, I'm looking at all the uniforms in here, we need to put the pressure on them. They can do more. They can do more. Same thing with our junior officers, you gotta press them, you gotta press them, and they'll come up. You gotta explain to them why you want them to do it, because they get, they're kind of needy, but that's okay. I always wanted to know why too. I mean, I wanted to know why. If there's time, I'm happy to tell you why. If there's not time, I'm just happy to tell you what to do. But if there's time, I think we should all tell them why. And because they want it, they're curious. It's not because they're pushing back, they're curious. They wanna know. I always wanted to know, hey, why are we doing that?  Well, it really is stupid, but I don't have time to explain it to you. But if we can do these things as part of that naval force, figure out these tough gnarly problems, I think we'll be in a better place because we don't want a fair fight. And those that would oppose us, while we've been off doing what we've been doing the last 15 years, they've recapitalized their force, they modernized their force, they're exercising and training their force. And their focus has been us. I mean, just don't make no mistake about it. And whether, hopefully there won't be conflict, but if there is, we don't wanna come back and talk about we got third place. So that's my last slide. I mean, I think I'm right on time. Are there any questions for me? If there are no questions, I got a video, but so just, just cause you wanna see the video, just doesn't mean you can't, I'll just throw the video at the end over here. Anybody, yes sir. I'm getting really nervous now. I don't think there's any, there's only one kind of relationship. The Commander of the United States, the Commander-in-Chief, and he gives orders. And as long as they're moral and as long as they're not immoral on ethical or legal, we're bound and required to carry them out. Full stop. Support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies formed domestic, bear true faith, only just the same. So, I take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion. And I will well and faithfully discharge the duties of the office upon which I'm about to enter, so help me God. Who raw? That was easy. Yes sir. General, you mentioned exporting the competence of individual Marines. Could you say a little bit more about the enhancing the effectiveness of individual Marines at the squad platoon company level? You mentioned UAVs, for example. I'm wondering what other materials and equipment you see are gonna be increasingly important level? Well what we've done is, the question is what are we doing about enhancing the competence of the rifle squad? So, the mantra has always been every Marine is a rifleman. That's true. I have added every Marine is not in the infantry. And I say this, it sounds shamelessly parochial as an infantry Marine, and every Marine is a rifleman, not every Marine is in the infantry. And the infantry needs to get different stuff. And we've never done that, really.  No, we've got robots, little six wheel things. They're just outrageously expensive, but they're really cool. You just have to hook them on your belt and we all put our packs on them and we walk along and it carries all my stuff. And I get to where I'm going, I'm not exhausted, because I've been carrying 120 pounds. How to make water, so I don't have to carry all the water. How do I get resupplied? My comm, having a tablet, like a droid tablet where I've got an app on there called Kill Switch where I can get full visibility of everybody in the squad. I can do a nine line brief and I can call an air strike or a precision ammunition. This is all done by Lance Corporal. There's a little thing called a switch blade. It's like a little mortar. You poop it out, flies around until you get tired until she's about 10 clicks.  That's really cool. But they're so expensive. It's a lot of money to kill some knucklehead on a motorcycle. But the stuff is there. And so comparatively, it's not a lot of money. You only got 24 infantry battalions times 650 infantry Marines times. So we're not buying this for everybody. It doesn't mean I don't care about air the Marines. They're gonna have the gear they need to protect themselves, but they're not the ones out there at the pointy end. So it'd be infantry, combat engineers, anybody who goes with the infantry. So we're testing this stuff and we go listen and we have the organization, the squad. So there's a Marine now. We called him at first the assistant squad leader, but the assistant squad leader implies like the second in charge. He's not the assistant squad leader. He's actually the assistant to the squad leader. And it's not the second senior guy. It's like who's the biggest geek in the squad that knows how to make all this stuff work? I'm like, okay, here it. And they're there. They're there.  The Marines know who they are.   Now the question then is, is the network gonna be there to support that? Can I defend the network? Am I gonna get jammed? Am I gonna get malware? Am I gonna get hacked? And we've never even thought about this. Does my GPS on that phone give away my position to somebody else who's trying to find me? And can I, can I now be targeted? We had an exercise. The first Marine Expeditionary Force went to the field as a meff. Three star headquarters and the commander of the headquarters group went out there and she did a pass over the headquarters with Google Earth, got a picture using Google Earth. And then she did electronic signature base. Guess what area of the headquarters had the biggest electronic signature? The building area. Where everybody lived, because they all had their phones. So there's a solution to that. You ain't taking your phone to the field. I mean, I can't text my significant other 55 times a day. No. No, no phone. No phone, no phone, go to work.  Sir. Sir, I'm curious about the role of the reservist. As you mentioned, the deployment of Marine Corps Reserves. What percentage of the force is now made up of reservists and what role are they playing? The Marine Corps, Selected Marine Corps Reserve is about 38,000 Marines. They're organized more or less in a mirror image of the active force. We've got an air wing, a marine logistics group and a fourth Marine Division. We're re-looking the whole structure because there are a lot of things that I don't, I don't think we're taking advantage of the civilian talent and natural skills that the reservists have that they bring. So we need to have enough mirror image for a shock absorber if we have to go do a big fight, but we need to take it like, should we have reserves involved in cyber? Should we have reserves? Because a lot of people working in that business, more communications, other things that we can do. But so right now, because it's summertime the majority of the junior Marines are, they're college, some of them are college students, or they're on their jobs, they're teachers, or they can get a vacation. This is when normally we activate units, battalions and squadrons for 15 days of active duty and then they go. So the ones that are down in Honduras, they've managed to get out, they were mowed for about a year. And they trained up and then they deployed down to Honduras and they'll be there until, they're there during the hurricane season actually to help provide a humanitarian assistance, disaster relief, but they'll go do different things. But we also found last year when they did it, they would go to certain places in El Salvador, Belize, Guatemala and Honduras that just go to do like build a school or help a local community. All the drug traffickers went another direction. So they create a little friction in the drug trade. And then there's, we have reserves involved in training the Mexican Marines who are involved in fighting their drug fight. We got reserve Marines up in Alaska building an airstrip. We got Marines in Norway working on our gear. I mean, whatever we can play them, it's not, and they're willing and able to go, the biggest problem we've had is, I just don't have money to pay their salary. To activate a reserve infantry battalion of about 900 Marines for a year is about $60 million. Just to pay them. I got the gear, we got the stuff. They got their stuff, just to pay them for a year, $60 million. Does that answer your question? Yes, sir. Yes, sir, in the back. You know, the Osprey has been one of your means of getting your men to the beach. And operating with the Harriers has been a challenge. Is there any plan to look at a faster delivery of aircraft, kind of a faster version of the Osprey? I'm not aware of there being any problems working with the Harriers. I mean, you do time and space it. It's a bigger problem, I think, having that group four or five UAS. And we're gonna put a gun on the Osprey. We can throw different types of munitions out the back. You know, the Harrier can cruise. The Harriers problem is a range issue. But they're both air-refuelable. So I don't, I think we've worked out the timing and the synchronization of that. So right now, there's no plan to, we're still buying out the entire acquisition objective of the Osprey. But let me just, you know, you understand the capability. I mean, you probably do, because you asked me the question. So the forces in Australia right now came from the West Coast of the United States. They're down there with four Ospreys, four MB-22 Ospreys. They came out of Hawaii. So they self-deployed from Hawaii to Wake, Wake to Guam, and Guam to Australia. Refueled by Marine C-130s. Nobody else can do that. Yeah, I think the question is from the operating environment, speed of the Harrier, and having to operate at slower speed. Well, I don't know. I mean, there's no other aircraft that can take off vertically and land vertically and then fly horizontally at over 300 miles an hour and be self-deployable globally. And then land in a parking lot. So it's not perfect. It's big, makes a lot of heat. Gotta have the deck of the ship prepared.  You gotta be really concerned about the LZ because you get brown out and all that, even though there's automated systems that you punch in the land. I mean, just like if you see an F-35 land, Harrier used to be like really high adventure, landing in high winds coming in and the guys like this. So the F-35 just comes in now. The guy comes orgin' in, he hits a button, the thing slows down and it just lands and the pilot just sits there with his arms folded across his chest.  You believe that? How hard can that be? Anybody else? There was somebody in the back, yes, sir. Well, I think the whole story is, I mean, if you've heard of any of the service chiefs, General Milley, the chief of staff in the Army, he's pretty, I mean, he's pretty adamant. I mean, there's a million people in the active military and probably two million when you count the garden reserve out of a population of, I'd say closer to 350 million. Now, we know for a fact that if we look at all the young people in this country, less than a third of them are qualified, qualified. I'm not even saying they're propounced or have a desire, qualified to join. And we know that we draw a, particularly for enlisted, a disproportionate amount of our accessions come from certain parts of the country. And now that we're down to 4.3% unemployment and every, you know, it's getting hard, particularly if we have to grow the forest. But right now, I mean, I think it's been, I don't know, 13, 14 years we've made it, 99.8% high school grads, 75% of the three highest mental categories. Our attrition, as when I came into Marine Corps, attrition of the force to not get to your end of your EAS or your contract was about 25% to 30%, now we're under seven. So maybe we're being too easy on them. I've got, we've got, blessedly, three or four young men or women for every spot we have to be a Marine officer. So I take your point and I think we're all concerned that, you know, it's nice when everybody says, thank you for your service, thank you for your service and all that, I never take that for granted. Because I remember when it wasn't that way when I came in, when many of the Vietnam folks put up with the total disgusting behavior from this nation that they put up with and I give them all the credit in the world for making sure that that never happened again, but I don't take that for granted. So I would ask all of you in this room, obviously you've got an interest, if you know somebody or you know somebody or know somebody, you have a friend of a family or somebody out there who's got a young man or a woman who's got some game, I'd ask you to chat them up a little bit.  I've just deputized you, sir. I'm not sure we want them if they're living in daddy's basement, but I take your point, but I mean we're, you know, this is a, this is everybody's, this is an all volunteer force, but more appropriately, this is an all recruited force. And so we've got to recruit about 35,000 new Marines every year and we have to retain out of that cohort about 25% to stay. We are the, we have one officer every nine Marines. I think the closest to us is the Army is like one to five. I've only got, you know, 60% of the Marine Corps under the age of 25. Yeah, welcome to my world, but that's why they're, you know, with that comes all the good and all the rest. So I am concerned about the connection with the American people because I don't want this to turn into a family business, but at the same time, you know, we're, we can always get better and we're always looking to get better, but so far knock on wood, we're making it with the young men and women that come from small towns throughout the country or from the inner city or, or, you know, I talked to a guy the other day, his name's Gillis. So he's, so he's talking to me and he says, hey, you got to talk to the, sorry, he did a TED talk about his fire team. And so I found him. So he's this white kid from McLean, Virginia who went to Georgetown and got his degree and then enlisted in the Marine Corps. So I called him up, I go, all right, I got to tell me why. So I want to be a Marine.  Yes, sir. I said, why don't I commission you? Cause well, I'm getting married. My fiance doesn't want me to stay in. And I'm like, well, let me talk to her. I'm still working that one. So again, I know, I know we're, I got time for one more and then I'm getting the hook from the Admiral. So this is it, sir, I promise. Last question. Retired Marine Corps major served with Chesty Puller. You're doing a marvelous job.  With you, you're doing a great job. We appreciate you. Well, thank you very much.  So there's been, it's been an interest. I'm about halfway through this. And he's like one of those, if I'd known now what I, when I, if I knew now what I, what happened was going to happen to me before when I've taken the job. Absolutely. So I appreciate it and thanks for all your support. So again, I appreciate all of you being here and supporting the college and all that you do for educating our officers and our enlisted folks. I appreciate your support. Again, you know, as Secretary Manus said, you know, we're not on our butts, but there's been a long period of time where we've been kind of at the low end of the resource thing. And it's our job to make sure that every dollar we get from the U.S. taxpayers spent well and train, we train hard and we take care of our stuff. But we're at a point now where our adversaries, they're either right with us or maybe ahead of us or just right on our tails. And we need to recapitalize this thing. And I guarantee you, and I speak for the CNO and the Chief of Staff of the Army and the Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Command of the Coast Guard and General Selva and General Dunford and the Secretary, we don't need, you know, we just need what we need and we'll take care of the rest because we've got really good young men and women out there that came from our cities and towns who are ready to get after it. So thank you very much.


So today I'm going to be talking on Contrast Enhanced Breast MRI, a case-based review. So before I go to my cases that we all on the same page, I'd like to just tell you a little bit about the descriptors what we use on MRI.  So what is a focus? This is any lesion which is less than 5mm and you cannot define the morphology. Mass on the other hand has convex margins and you can see it in all the planes and you can see it even on the plane scan. So anything which is not a focus or a mass is a non-mass enhancement. So when you're talking about a mass, we need to tell about the shape and the margins. The shape can be oval, round or irregular. I think the names themselves are very self-explanatory. And the margins can be either circumscribed or non-circumstribe. Non-circumstribe is further divided into irregular or speculated just like mammography. Then we look at the enhancement pattern. So this is unique to MRI. So the enhancement of masses can be either homogeneous, heterogeneous, real enhancement or dark internal septations. So if you have a homogeneous enhancement, thick of a benign lesion, if it's heterogeneous, think of a malignant lesion. Rim enhancement, you can see both in benign and malignant. And dark internal septations are most commonly seen in fibro adenomas. So always look at the enhancement patterns also. Non-mass enhancement on the other hand is divided according to the distribution as focal. By focal, we mean it's occupying less than a segment. Linear is self-explanatory, it's a line. You can have a branching pattern. That means it's enhancement and adopt. Segmental is a triangular shape of enhancement with the apex pointing towards the nipple. And this represents a Tdlu. Regional will occupy a larger area than a segment. Multiple regions is more than a larger area with normal breast tissue in between. And diffuse is involving a large part of the breast. So linear and segmental are pointers towards malignancy. Focal, regional, multi-regional or diffuse, you can see in benign or malignant cases. So like masses, even in non-mass enhancement, we look at the internal enhancement pattern, which can be homogeneous, heterogeneous, clumped or clustered ring-like. Homogeneous we can see in benign conditions. The remaining three we normally see in malignancies. But a country like ours clustered ring-like is also seen in cases of tuberculosis. And then what do we have? Other kinetic curves. So this is the software after we've acquired the dynamic contrast images. We divide the contrast into two phases. The initial phase, which is the first two minutes, and the delayed phase is two to six minutes. In the initial phase again, you have a slow, medium or fast version of contrast. So what do we mean by this? Slow is when the lesion enhances less than 50% of what it was before contrast. Medium is between 50% and 100%, and fast is more than 100%. So the fast ones are associated with malignancies. The medium and slower are normally seen in benign conditions. Having said this, you will see cases which are malignant and they show slower enhancement. I'll show that in my talk as we go along. The delayed phase is divided into persistent, plateau and washout. Persistent we see normally in cases of benign conditions, but you have malignant conditions like invasive lobular carcinoma, DCIS. They can also show you a persistent curve. Then we have the plateau and washout, which you can see in malignant conditions. Plateau can also be seen in benign. So this is a general overall I'm telling you, but just remember, always morphology trumps over kinetics. So always look at the morphology of a lesion, which is very, very important.  You can see this in malignancies or any vascular malformation. Look for architectural distortion, which can be the only pointer towards invasive lobular carcinoma. Look for nipple involvement. And then look for this hook sign. This is what happens when there is an invasive ductal carcinoma, which is causing a lot of desmoplastic reaction. It is basically engulfing the Cooper's ligament. And so what happens, the pectoralis major gets hooked. It's like a tent. So this doesn't mean that the muscle is involved. This is just that the Cooper's ligaments are getting involved. The only time we call pectoralis involvement is when you have enhancement, and the same goes for skin. Only enhancement of the skin and not only edema is skin involvement. And now with the new barats, which is going to be coming up, they're including this very good thing that is a T2 signal. So remember, as a general rule, T2 dark lesions are malignant. There are lots of exceptions. I'll show you that. And T2 bright lesions are generally benign. But again, there are lots of exceptions, like a case of mucinus carcinoma that will also be bright. But for you, the take home right now is T2 dark is malignant. T2 bright is benign. So now let's move on to the cases. This was a 24-year-old high-risk female who presented with a palpable lump. So what do we see? This is T2 bright. Again, so if it's T2 bright, we think of benign. Now look at the contrast. There is just thin, smooth peripheral enhancement. And there is no diffusion restriction. A word about diffusion here, like in any part of the body, if there is high-density fluid, like pus, that restricts. If it's a solid tumor, that restricts. So what happens in case of malignancies? The ADC is very low. That means they are restricting because they are solid. So that's how we differentiate benign from malignant masses based on diffusion. So coming back to this, so we have a lesion which is circumscribed T2 bright, very thin, smooth, peripheral enhancement, and no restricted diffusion. So my question to the audience is, what is your borax in a case like this? You can just even just type your answer into the chat box that we won't have enough time otherwise. So the answer to this is, this is a borax too. It's an inflamed cyst. Why are we calling it inflamed? Because it is thin peripheral enhancement. If it was no enhancement, we would just call it a cyst. So remember, benign lesions, T2 bright, circumscribed, no restricted diffusion. A 35-year-old female came with a discharging sinus in the right axilla and redness to the skin with pain. So the clinical history itself is pointing towards benignity. And what do we again have a T2 bright lesion, which is showing this peripheral enhancement. It seems fairly circumscribed, but what you need to see is the diffusion. So what are we seeing in diffusion? The part which is T2 bright is showing very dark signal on ADC. So we know we're dealing with high density contents or an abscess. And it's not solid because we only have peripheral enhancement. And we have ancillary findings like a sinus tract and matted nodes. So we are pretty sure this is a benign case and we put it at birette 2 and this first just tuberculosis. Now this is a 42-year-old female came with a palpable lump in the left breast. Again, T2 bright. So when you say T2 bright, you think of benign. But what you really need to see here is the morphology. What you see, the margins are really irregular. And now look at the enhancement pattern. This is what we call is the rim enhancement and we also have enhancement of the septail. And look at the diffusion. The part which was T2 bright is not restricting. That is showing a T2 shine through, but the solid component which was T2 dark is showing you restricted diffusion. So we can safely put this into a barat 5 category and this was an invasive ductal carcinoma with central necrosis. Sorry, I didn't ask you to answer this, but this is now going to be in barats 5 category. So how did we differentiate between an abscess or a malignancy with central necrosis? In an abscess, the central component, the T2 bright component will be restricting, whereas in a tumor with necrosis, the solid peripheral component will restrict. So that's how you differentiate the two conditions. This was a young liver donor who first found to have a mass on screening mammography. So what do we have? We have this mass. We don't use the term lobulated, but you can see there are less than three lobulations. So I can put it into a circumscribed category. It's not showing any restricted diffusion. And on contrast, what are you seeing? These are these non-enhancing septail and it's showing you a type 2 curve. So this is very much like a fibrodeanoma because you have these non-enhancing septail. So my question to the audience is, what is your barat? Maybe one, two, three or four. We know it's a benign lesion. Will you put it at two or a three? So remember this, if it is a first-time diagnosed fibrodeanoma, you always either biopsy it, especially in these young patients, or you put them in barat three category. And why do we do this? Because they mimic malignancies a lot. We can miss malignancies which are circumscribed, thinking it's a fibrodeanoma. So either you go ahead and biopsy, or you do a short interval follow-up. Now, how did we differentiate between a fibrodeanoma and a malignant mass? Both had septae. In a fibrodeanoma, the septae do not enhance, whereas in malignancy, you have the enhancement of the septae. So you can use this point to differentiate one from the other. This was a 42-year-old female, came with a lump in the right breast. She had a strong family history of breast carcinoma. So what do we find on T2? Again, it's T2 bright. But what do you want to need to see? It's not uniformly bright, like we were seeing in the other cases. And on T1, it is low. It is not showing any restricted diffusion. It's bright on diffusion because of the T2 shine-through. Inherently, it was bright on T2. That's why it's bright on diffusion. And that we can say because it's still bright on ADC. If it was restricting, it would have been low on ADC. And on the dynamic contrast, what do we see? There is progressive enhancement of the lesion. So now, should we just put this into a fibroidinoma? Most people would do this, but what you really need to see are the details. Look at the margins of this lesion. These are basically small micro-lobulations. So this will not come into the circumscribed category. And on T2, if you look closely, there are these T2 hyper-intense areas within it, which are not showing enhancement. So we know there are areas of fluid clefts within the lesion. And we all know fluid clefts in the lesion are quite classical for phyloids tumor. And this turned out to be a borderline phyloids tumor. And why is this important? Because if it's a fibroidinoma and they want to remove it, they just remove the lesion per se. Whereas if it's a phyloids tumor, they will do a very wide local excision so that there is no recurrence. So it's very important for you to tell the surgeon that you have a doubt and this can be a phyloids tumor. This was a 38-year-old female with family history of breast arsonoma. And she was on short duration oral contraceptive pills for basically infertility. Again, T2 bright, you might think it's benign, but like I told you, look at the morphology. It's so oval mass, the margins are very irregular. And what happens on the contrast? You have a peripheral enhancement to start with and I don't have the delayed images for you, but it was slowly filling in. The contrast was seeping from the outside inside. And on diffusion, there is no restricted diffusion. So when you have an enhancement pattern like this, always think of mucinous tumors. If you have a pure mucinous tumor, what happens in those? The mucin will start absorbing the contrast from periphery and it'll keep seeping in. So the delayed images will get it uniformly enhancing and not in the initial. Whereas if it is a mixed mucinous tumor, you will get a heterogeneous enhancement. And these are very commonly mistaken for fibrohalenoma. So you have to be very, very careful when you're looking at T2 bright lesions. Another T2 bright lesion, this was a 40 year old, this was a young lady. So what I want you to see, this is again a T2 bright lesion, but it has a nice hypo intense rim. So what does this hypo intense rim? This is actually a fibrous capsule. So what happens when you give contrast on the early contrast, the rim is not so nicely seen, but on the delayed contrast, this rim is beautifully seen. So this is a fibrous capsule around the lesion. The other thing what you need to see are these nodular densities around the lesion. So this is because of the lymphoplasmastic response. And this is very classical for medullary tumors. So if you have a circumscribed mass, showing a T2 hypo intense rim, which is showing nice enhancement on the delayed contrast images, and a few cystic areas in between with washout of contrast or plateau delayed enhancement characteristics, think of medullary carcinomas. So like I told you, these also occur in younger female. You can easily mistake them for fibrodenomas. So be careful. This particular case, the lesion was irregular, but you may have really circumscribed lesions. So look for the point of what I've told you, the enhancing capsule, these nodular densities around the lesion, as well as you see the enhancement pattern with cystic areas in between. This was a 58-year-old female who came with the right breast lump, six months duration. So what you see here, again T2 bright, it looks very similar to the case, the IDC with central necrosis, what I showed you. They are enhancing septae, there's no angiogenesis, and the wall and the septae are restricting. So one of you can ask me, why can this not be an IDC with central necrosis? So what you need to see, there is a aggressive tumor, this cause skin thickening, nipple thickening, and we are calling this a sarcoma. This turned out to be a primary neuroectrodermal tumor. And what is the pointer that this is a sarcoma? Sarcomas normally have hematogenous spread. You can see here, the node which is not involved, it's a node with no cortical thickening, this is only a reactive node. So such a large mass without any nodal involvement and T2 bright, please think of sarcomas because the way they spread is hematogenous and not lymphatic. If this was an IDC by now, you would have had huge axillary lymph nodes. Another case, this was a very high, in strong history of breast carcinoma. In fact, she even had a biopsy one year back which said benign ductal papilloma. And she was lost to follow-up. I don't know what happened, but probably it was COVID and she didn't come back. And when she came back, she came back with this huge mass after a year and a half. And this was showing basically cystic condense, but what we also see there is no restricted diffusion. And these are these nodular papilla projections inside the lesion. And there is this non-mass segmental enhancement just posterior to this lesion. And you can see how there's an engorged, dilated internal mammary vein arteries, sorry. And this was basically intracystic papillary carcinoma with extensive papillomatosis. The pointer here is solid cystic mass with nodular papillary projections along the wall, along with extensive DCIS. I mean, we called it DCIS, but this was only papillomatosis. Think of papillary neoplasms. This was a very interesting case. A young girl came with low backache. She had fever, she was being investigated for that. An MR of the spine was asked for. The spine was totally normal, but we found retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. And then she had a CT because of the fever and there they diagnosed a lump in the breast. And a mammography was asked for. So retrospectively, she said, yes, I can feel the lump. And she was also lactating till three months back. On mammography, these were the findings and they thought of Dallomatosis, mastitis, because I think the history also was a pointer towards this. So we went ahead and did an MR. Of course, MR was just done for academic reasons. We had already biopsied by then. But my question to you is, when you look at an MR like this, do you think this is asymmetric breast tissue on the right or this is some pathology? So you can type your answers in the chat box. So let me show you the rest of the images. Definitely, this is pathological. And what do you find? This is a lesion which is showing significant restricted diffusion and the ADC is markedly low. Remember, glandular tissue at high B values will not restrict. So this is definitely pathological. And what is the clue to the diagnosis? This is such a huge mass here, but there's hardly any desmoplastic reaction. You can see the pectoralis is sitting very beautifully. There is no hooking of the pectoralis. So we know there is no desmoplasia. These are infiltrative tumors which are showing intense restriction, a little heterogeneous enhancement. And this is what they call as the penetrating vessels, which I am not very happy with. I've seen it in most of my cases. But basically they say the vessels are leading into the mass. And this is classical for lymphoma. This turned out to be a B cell lymphoma. Lymphoma can present as circumscribed masses, infiltrative masses. They can have a valuable picture. But if you have a mass that is so huge without any desmoplasia and so much restriction, you can think of lymphomas as your first diagnosis. Now coming to this case, this is a 43-year-old unmarried female. She was also already biopsy proven on the right for malignancy. And she just came to us for the extent of disease because they wanted a breast-conservative surgery. So what do we find classical features of malignancy on the right side? But what I am showing you this case is I want to show you what we call as ultra-fast imaging. So what is ultra-fast imaging? Instead of normally when we do dynamic contrast, we acquire images every minute and we acquire six sets of images. That's how we draw the kinetic curve. Whereas in this case, what you're seeing is within five seconds of the contrast reaching the aorta, this is enhancing. So if you have a lesion which starts enhancing, within 10 seconds of contrast reaching the aorta, you can be pretty sure this is malignant. And see in these ultra-fast images, you don't see any background enhancement. And what we are studying is the wash-on characteristics of lesions. So we were very pretty sure this was already proven, so we already knew this was malignant. But what I want to show you is this lesion on the left. You're getting this non-mass enhancement at five seconds. So again, we are pretty sure this is malignant. And you can see this beautiful non-mass area of enhancement in the left. And this was proven to be DCIS. So you can see how ultra-fast imaging is helping in this. This is another lady who was already diagnosed with invasive lobular carcinoma. And that's why MRI was asked for because invasive lobular carcinoma can be bilateral and multifocal. So MR has to be done in all cases of suspected invasive lobular carcinoma. So here you can see how difficult it is to see these lesions here. So why does invasive lobular carcinoma behave like this? Because the way it spreads, it doesn't have any neo-androgenesis. It spreads along a single. That is how it duplicates or replicates. So that's why there is no neo-androgenesis. So there's hardly any vascularity. In fact, it's so faintly seen on our MIP images. So look at the ultra-fast now. It's broken the rule. It's enhancing at 25 seconds. So remember, invasive lobular carcinoma will not follow the rule of ultra-fast imaging that malignancies will appear within 10 seconds of contrast reaching the aorta. So this is why I wanted to show you this case that invasive lobular carcinoma is different. It will show you just clumping of the parankaima and it will not trap much neo-androgenesis. This is just to show you another T2 dark case which can mimic malignancy. You can see on the T2 weighted images, it's really, really dark. The area is a very low signal. And if this is a malignancy because morphology, it looks very irregular. But look at the enhancement pattern. It is very, very homogenous. And once you have homogenous enhancement, but it is restricting. We thought of malignancy, but it was not fitting in right. And on biopsy, this was IDG4-related mastropathy. IDG4 is basically a big time disease coming all over the body. I think you can read about this. But remember, they can be T2-low on MR. Another region which can be T2-low is an example here. Again, low on T2, ISO on T1, but this is not showing you any restriction unlike the previous case. But look at it enhancing. It's enhanced within five seconds of contrast reaching the aorta. So this was something of, and we thought of malignancy and we put it at a barad's fold. And on biopsy, this turned out to be just a pastries-terrose papilloma with fibroadenomatoid hyperplasia. So remember, ultra-fast images hold goods for classical malignancies. If you have papillomas, they can mimic malignancies and start enhancing early. Or if you have invasive lobular carcinomas, they may not present like classical malignancies and they enhance later. But just to recapitulate what we have learned today, cis, remember, no restricted diffusion, abscess, the T2-bright area will restrict. IDC with necrosis, the bright area will not restrict. Only the dark area will restrict. Fibroadenomas have the non-enhancing septae. In phyloordia tumor, you have the fluid clefts, which do not enhance and the margins can be irregular. Muciness carcinomas will have slow filling in of contrast. Medullary again T2-bright, but remember the fibrous capsule, the enhancement pattern and these nodular, enhancing adjoining lesion because of lympho, plasmacitic infiltration. Papillary carcinomas have these papillary projections along the periphery of the lesion. Sacomas will not have any significant local lymph adenopocytes. This is how we differentiate all the T2-bright lesions. T2-dark lesions for you as a general rule are malignancies, but lymphomas can be T2-dark or intermediate like we had in our case. A partially sclerosis papilloma will be T2-dark and even IgG4 will be dark. And another thing which is very commonly mistaken on mammography is malignancy because they show irregular margins. Sclerosis fibroidinomas, these will not enhance and you can safely downgrade these two, a barrage two on MR. With that, I would like to conclude and a big thank you to the organizers once again.


Jesus said, and you shall know the truth, and the truth shall set you free. That means that all spiritual bondage is rooted in spiritual deception. And that if you're not free yet, it means that there's a lie that you still believe. If you're not free yet, there's a truth that you've not yet embraced. The lack of peace, the lack of joy, the lack of clarity, the lack of love. These are all signs to us that we are somehow wrapped up in a spiritual bondage.


I'm Miloš and this is the ball-swap challenge. This is f***ing hard. What's your profanity? I don't have a plan. I just try something. I'll try something else. No plan. Wait, wait, one second. Now I make the plan. Really? Now? Ah, this is difficult. Okay. It's a crawl! No, this is terrible. This would be good if I put them earlier. It would be much less. Five, six seconds less. 100%. Ah, Ryan! Calm down. I was so close, mate. How much is Bruxie? You said... Oh, this would be 15, for sure. Stay. Oh, my God. Oh, my God. This is terrible. No, man! He has a lot of anger. Why they changed the position, the red ones? I'm done. Why they changed the position?


Two green bars in a row. Oh, run up down heavy! How's it going, everybody? Dato Dewey here, back with another round of Dragon Ball Fighter's Rank Matches, this time playing the OG main team of Krillin, Super Saiyan Goku and Yamcha, aka the Kamei team. And it looks like we're going up against the very rare Krillin main. You never see this. You, as a Krillin player, I never see other Krillin players, except for Jam Crofts and other, you know, like really high class Krillin players that are like way above my pay grade. But it's very rare to see another one online. All right, am I in the green Krillin offer? Oh, that's that's messing me up. Let's go down heavy on the other Krillin player. Also in Rosé, I'm so glad I queued up with Krillin, man. All right, let's see if we can. Well, this is unfortunate, but not entirely unfamiliar for Krillins. Hey, we actually did the right order, too. I wasn't sure if that was going to take two bars or three. And I wanted to make sure I ended up with Goku on the outside just because he's a little bit better of a fighter. I feel like, oh, wow, that worked. What? That was kind of an unfair trade for him. So sad that I didn't block low. Yamcha really putting in the effort to go out of his way to get me, though, made me block at least once, which is the goal. Doesn't clash with Super Dash. I'm going to just kind of normal tech here, trying to play it as safe as possible, get hit by that. Yamcha says, no, with the extension, the combo is coming out. The thing is now, though, I don't think he has. Oh, he does. He's going to vanish into spirit, but misses entirely.  Drop it. Drop it. Stop. I don't think you can get me from there. Dragon Flash Fist EX is so cheap, bro. Like, get him on me. Get the Dragon Flash Fist. You mind if I just win neutral? My man is just jumping in. All right, that's super cheap. We're going to have to adjust to that. I don't know what to do to counter it. Can you even two H through it? We can two H that for sure. But I'm more worried about that move. I don't know how much he's going to be using it, though. Wow, we both change sides. And that's fine. Oh, he's got the Snipes. It is like it's almost like I'm playing myself in a mirror. This is like Shadow Dato. Oh, you expected that? I thought as a Yoncha player, he would never expect that because why would anybody do that? Yeah, I deserve that one really slow and I didn't think of any other options, but he can't get much here. OK. Keyblast going to keep him at bay. And if we can't kill him here, which we can. All right, no need to worry, then. No need to worry. Clean him up with a level one Kamehameha.  Let's keep our space, though. Just kidding.  Keep him away. The distance is going to be a big deal for this guy. As long as we can keep him out, I didn't expect him to. Oh, no, he got aggressive there. All right, we are dead, I think. Oh, we're living it. We're living it. We can spark here. He'll read it. I'm not going to do that.  Yes, baby. Just take the W right there with the sparking way to go. Round one, we're going to take a win, but we'll see how long that lives on, dude. That was a close. It really was. We started losing a lot of health there towards the end. Krillin versus Krillin. We kind of got off to a really nice start against his before. So I do expect another good starter. It's all going to come down to momentum in this game of Krillin, dude. What's the mix? Here's the mix. All right, I didn't go for the normal combo. I don't know why. But I'm just trying to get the after image mix. Let's go, dude. Another matchup. And this time is a lot more plain and simple. I think Goku just comes in and cleans it. Yes, he does. Another great start. Will we see a repeat of the first match where I just get dragon flash-fisted? Unfortunate. Let's go. I finally beat the angled beam. Oh, Krillin rock. That was an active hitbox. I lost to the angled beam. That was an active hitbox, though, on that down heavy. Yoptra ran into it like five frames later. Man, still got knocked up. Well, I was worried he wouldn't bite. OK, use the Super Dash. Krillin's post-Vanish game. Very, very good. Probably one of my favorites in the game. Got to hold that. I got to hold that. Oh, he dragonrushed. OK, so this won't be as much damage as it could have been, but still unfortunate that I'm not holding that for whatever reason. OK, hold this. Defense. Get hit by that. I actually don't mind too much, to be honest. Especially when we get a tag with Yoptra like that. Reflect. You love to see this. Oh, we didn't punish it properly. You love to get a block there, though. That dragon flash-fist is a problem. And I got back in the corner. So Yoptra's sister's gone here. And it looks like Goku's going to be the one to come in. So this is like worst case scenario stuff. Oh, you hate to see it. Wait, wait, at least bring Krillin in, man. I don't want to go out like this. All right, we also still have Sparking. So let's focus on the positives. I don't know why your guard canceled there. Yes. Oh, that is perfect. Corner Krillin level three. Mixups abroad. You just never know what you're going to get. You just never know what you're going to get with Krillin around, man. Yeah, no, I'm the dumbest man alive. I am just rhetorically dumb. I am just so sad. Oh, we get taken out there. Taken out. Wait, does this kill? I actually didn't look at the health. Or is this just for hard knockdown? Just for the hard knock, we got Spark. Oh, I down heavy, but I'm too short. Let me talk to you. Let me talk to you. Let me bounce him up and bring him down. And what's the mix? Just low. I've been doing too many tricks. I'm just going to take a meaty where I can get him. Wow, I love Krillin in this game, dude. These are the matches I live for. Unfortunate. Amazing, Krillin. He's too hard to beat, man. You can't beat him. He just keeps you out for too long. That's right, Krillin. You know exactly who to thank. The one who died in the first 20 seconds of the game, but we're still out here. Again, another good start on the Krillin. Big bad bean boy. I do really like the name as well. Down we go. Let's go. I could have actually taken him out here. All right, one bar, one kill. Again, this Krillin. It's just been so many unfortunate starts. I, just the two green bars in a row. Run up, down, heavy. You love seeing it on occasion. You definitely don't see it all the time, so you gotta appreciate the occasions when you got him. Another 2L. I could have probably done a better combo, but we take it where we can get it, I guess. EX, I probably should have suspected something was up when I started seeing the reflects on Yamcha assist. Down tech. Yamcha assist with a great coverage. Are we gonna lose Krillin here? No, he can't kill, I don't think anyway. But he's gonna get great knockdown. I don't think I can afford to spend sparking here. He still has his, so that kind of forces my hand a little. I'm gonna go with it. I'm gonna go with it. No punish. No, don't let him go. Oh, we're just gonna have to fight him now. Let's go. Talk to me in the corner. 6N blow me away too far for him to catch. Clash. No, the Wolf Egg fist was too fast. I must have been jumping. And it only took one bar to effectively get Krillin out too. Unfortunate. I think he's gonna try it again though. Yeah, he definitely, I could smell blood. I know what Yamcha's thinking, dude. This one was thinking all about that sweet, sweet starting. So much sparking damage going on here, but I think we can make an exception. Go for a little bit of a level three here. This kills, right? I didn't mess up. Oh my God, I did. I'm gonna do him. Understandable. Oh no, he read it like a book. He knew the sparking was too much for me to ignore. Let's go home. That should be a knockout. That's not a knockout. All right, well then we gotta take the assist. We gotta take the Yamcha assist out. Reads. I had the Reads too. No, the beam is so slow. I had it. Oh, slip out the back. You gotta watch the back door when Yamcha's around, baby. Don't take that quote out of context. Oh no. Oh no, that was not the move. Flash. It's like the first round all over again. It only just now came back though. I've been saving this one. Still too slow. I did it. I did it. I deserve it. I deserve it. We all knew as soon as that startup happened and he was crouching, it was all over. Now, is he gonna round start EX? No? Is that death? Let's go. Let's go. What button were you pressing over there? Must be the money. All right, I'm gonna go ahead and end it there. That was a very rare matchup to find another Krillin Main who was also playing Yamcha. So much fun. Thank you, dude. I don't have a stamp that would come off as not making, I don't know. I don't have any stamp set that aren't like, hey, why is this man stamping me? But I just wanna thank you for the matches and of course, I wanna thank you all for watching it. As always, if you have a favorite moment, let me know down below as well as hitting that like button and subscribing to the channel if you do enjoy the videos you see here. Other than that, if you wanna watch more videos right away, there should be some up on your screen. So definitely give those a watch if any of them catch your eye. I have been Datsudoya and I will see you in the next one.


Save it and then I'm gonna close this one and then I'll go to the other one I'm gonna do a same thing Excel file, but this time it shouldn't be Shopify pay will Shopify pay, okay? We'll keep it there, but this one is gonna be going into our checking account this time instead of the PayPal account in our bank fees We'll have two bank feeds, so I'm gonna save this one. This is gonna be the amount that tides into our practice problem over here There's the amount in our practice problem Let's save that. I'm gonna say file save as and we'll make it a comma-sliced one again boom and let's say this is number two number two and Okay, so let's close this one and then if I go into my Information these ones are the comma-sliced ones as opposed to the the CSV files Versus the Excel files, so now I'm just gonna upload this information into our bank feeds And this is how you would set up bank feeds or import the information if you're importing as opposed to a link to the bank feed So I'm gonna go to the banking section I'm gonna go to the banking up top and then if you didn't have these tags in here already Then you didn't have any bank accounts linked you can you can add the bank accounts as you go But I already have them in place, so I'm gonna say upload from a file upload from a file and Let's say we're gonna upload then Locate that file. Let's make it large so we could see them and Can I make it large this way? There we go. So this is gonna be checking account bank feed to let's do that one first It just pulls in Very nice. I'm gonna put this into the checking account now If you didn't have an account set up you can add the checking account as you go It's gonna be a bank type of account that we're connecting the bank feeds to but we're uploading instead of connecting to the bank and then it has the first column is a header and Column one column instead of two column. What's the date? MMDD y y y y is it date date Description should tie out to the bank memo and then the amount ties out to the amount So that looks good. So I'm gonna say, okay There's our one item. I'm gonna pull in and Boom It did it and so we'll save it import completed Looks good. And so now if I scroll down into my data for the checking account I've got my Shopify has been added So that looks good So obviously when when I when we do this practice problem and here We're gonna do the same thing will enter the journal entry which will go into the clearing account and Then we'll be able to match that out to the Shopify payment And once I enter the Shopify payment, it will net out to the clearing account So let's add so this so let's do the same thing over here and add Not a link but upload another one this time however It's gonna be let's hit the drop-down boom It's gonna be for checking account for the PayPal PayPal Bank feed and Continue and this is gonna be for the PayPal Bank and continue and We're gonna say drop-down date month month day day year year date date descriptions gonna go to the bank memo and Then amount boom continue Pick it off. That's the one you want. Check it off. Pick it off.  There's there's a difference get it right Okay, so I'm gonna say tab to the left and then so there's our Shopify pay So so now when we imagine our practice problem what we'll do in the future presentation is imagine we pull this in with a journal entry which will put it into the clearing accounts and Then we'll see our items clear the bank feeds and When and when we see it clear the bank feeds will put the other side to the clearing account Which will bring the clearing account back down to zero. That's the idea. That's what we'll do next time It'll it'll be great


Welcome back everyone. Today, I wanted to talk about how to install the SleuthKit command line utilities in Windows, okay? So the first thing we need to do is go to the SleuthKit or sorry www.sleuthkit.org and then you'll get this open source digital forensics page and there's two dog icons. One is for autopsy, which is an excellent piece of forensic software and then the SleuthKit itself, which are the command line utilities plus a library. So we want to click on the top, click on SleuthKit and then I encourage you to read all of this information, but right now we want to click on Download and then we are in Windows. I'm on Windows 10 right now, so I want to get the Windows binaries. So just click Windows, download for the Windows binaries and you'll start downloading it. So I already have it downloaded, so I'll check my downloads folder and I get this SleuthKit.4.6.0 win32.zip folder. So once you have SleuthKit downloaded, then double click on the zip folder and inside you'll see an uncompressed folder just SleuthKit.4.6.0 win32. So I'm going to drag this first to my desktop and then you'll notice that the file name of the folder that we're copying out is has the full version information. Now depending on the policies of your department or your forensic lab you might want to keep older copies or different versions of SleuthKit to rerun on past cases. So for example, if I used SleuthKit version 4.3 to process a case I might want to be able to go back to SleuthKit version 4.3 that way I can get exactly the same result because maybe there's been some changes in the SleuthKit utilities since 4.6. So I encourage you to keep past versions or keep some sort of versioning information if you can. So in this case what I'm going to do is actually just remove the win32. So in this case SleuthKit 4.6 and I'm going to move this to the program files folder. So if I click on C drive program files x86 and I'm going to drag the SleuthKit folder into program files folder. So now I have SleuthKit and I have the version information. So what I need to do now is go into the SleuthKit folder and then notice that there's no executables in the first folder. But if we check in the bin folder, the binary folder, then we can see a bunch of DLLs and if I scroll down then I can see all of the executables that I recognize. For example, hfind, FLS, FF find, all of the executables. So now what I need to do is copy the location of all of the executables that I want to run which is in my case C drive program files SleuthKit 4.6.0 slash bin. So I'm going to click copy or hit copy control C. And then we need to add the SleuthKit to our path. Right now I don't have the SleuthKit in my path. So for example if I try to run FLS, let me open up a command line. If I do FLS-V to look at the version information, FLS is not recognized as an internal or external command. Even though we've put it in the program files folder, Windows does not know where to look. So we have to tell Windows where to look. So I'm going to exit out of this. And then if I type into the start menu, if I type path P-A-T-H, then I can edit the system environment variables. So I want to click that. Then I'll get the system properties menu. And I want to click the bottom environment variables button. Okay. So from environment variables, I get the environment variables list. I want to double click on path. And if I double click, I will get the path edit environment variable. So edit environment variable, click new. And then it will give us a new blank line. And I can paste the full location of the binary folder for Sleuthkit into the path. Then click okay, okay, okay. And now, whenever we run the command line again, then I should be able to type FLS-V and hopefully it gives us the version number and it does. So now I can run just FLS and it will give me the help menu. I can run hfind and it will give me the menu. So now we can use all of the Sleuthkit command line utilities in windows, but we first have to set the path, install the binaries somewhere and then set the path. Once we do that, if you had a command prompt open, then make sure you close the command prompt and then reopen it. And the newly opened command prompt will be able to see the new path variable. Okay, so that's pretty much it for installing Sleuthkit in windows, especially if you want to retain the version information. Yeah, so in later videos we'll talk about actually how to use these utilities to do hopefully some interesting things. So that's it for today. Thank you very much.


And people say, you know, don't you know that Texas has a conservative Republican governor, two Republican senators, the vast majority of the Congressional Delegation for Texas's conservative Republican, the legislature is overwhelmingly Republican.  And my answer to those questions is yes, I do know that this is a conservative Republican state. And that is exactly why I am here today. I'm here to tell you that today this is a conservative Republican state, but that doesn't mean it will be conservative Republican tomorrow. We have a long, long history of racism in this country. When we look at names like Sandra Bland, or Eric Garner, or Freddie Gray, and too many others, we understand that what we want is a nation where a young black man or woman can walk down the street, not worried about being falsely arrested or beaten or killed.


anym when I come toiben Vaisha's during the trip I wanted to eat something near here in the only Lakhambur area that was Deepa Prasad in that way, I was very happy I felt so happy that I just wanted to spend 20 or 25 rupees and I tried so hard every time we got a close watch you can't forget to like, share and subscribe to our channel


This is a young university that has ambitions for the future. It's an excellent university on the way to being a world-leading university. Ohus University was established in 1928 and has since grown to become one of Europe's leading public research universities. Ohus University covers the entire research spectrum and has a unique focus on four core activities. Excellent research, focused talent development, inspiring consultancy and knowledge transfer, and world-class education. Ohus University has a long tradition for excellent research. It's something that moves us forward in a fundamental way, not just a detail of something that's been done before, but something that really moves us in a new direction. The conditions here encourage people to take chances, really try to do things that other universities aren't doing. Developing and nurturing research talent is another core activity at Ohus University. It's a top-heavy university in the sense that the majority of students are enrolled in masters and PhD programs. I think the strength of the PhD program in Ohus could be divided into three levels. The first is that a sufficiently conducive pedagogic environment. The second strength is that it's a multidisciplinary oriented program, which is also international, both in its orientation and scope, and reaches you and makes you for the international job market. And the third strength I find is that it's a program which is designed to meet the current trends in the job market so that once you graduate, you adequately fit into the job market. Ohus University works closely with many private and public sector partners. This allows for effective knowledge transfer and access to the global knowledge market. The main Ohus University campus is located in the city of Ohus on the Jutland Peninsula. The city is situated by the sea with easy access to nearby woods and the coast. Ohus University offers students the best possible study environment, facilities and learning opportunities. I think there are two major advantages of being a student at Ohus University. We are educated by professors who are, I think, they're really committed to the research area. And we have this kind of close relationship or informal relationship because it's okay as a student to raise your hand in classes and ask questions and I think that as a student gives me an independent and critical aspect of my education. This university has by far the best administration of any that I've experienced. It's the least bureaucratic, it's a very reasonable overhead. It's very, very easy to do the business of research at Ohus University.


So here we do have our data section, which we are quite proud of. And here we feature different data sets and you can again see the kind of data sets we differentiate. So we do feature statistical data. And we feature more recently, I would say, not that extensively yet spatial data. And the statistical data are in this case mainly indices, country rankings, numbers of tenure security or performance indexes, how is tenure security perceived in certain countries, etc. And this data is actually assorted or grouped by the organization featuring this data set. So I would click on statistical data. And you would see the different data sets we feature, but also you can actually search these by a different keywords. So if I would look for customary tenure, for instance, I can just search for tenure, click on customary tenure filter our data sets, and then would get the indicators and also. And also, and that's the point, visualized a bit. So here we have country rankings. We see the first five countries and the lowest performing countries. And if we look at other data sets, statistical ones, we would have kind of maps where you could look for indicators and then see performance indexes on this map. So we do have already in the data section, a little bit of representation of figures, which makes it way more digestible than just producing a table. On the contrary, if we talk about our spatial data. And here we would have real. I guess you might know the landmark or landmark map which is quite popular. We would actually have actual data like tenure ownership, conservancies, communal areas, especially represented on a map. So it's different than having a country ranked by an indicator. Yeah, I think I don't have to go into much more detail because I mean, if most of the attendees here work with data probably I'm just boring people anyway. But I can just invite you to maybe have a look at our data section, because I think they are just, they are quite interesting data sets a good work with. However, we realized that the land portal exactly what are the point I made in the beginning, we should kind of find ways how we can communicate data more effectively than just hiding it in the data section. And also, I mean, we all working with land we know it's not only about statistical figures, country rankings or whatever it's about people, people living on the land people owning the land or not owning it. The struggle for resources for equality and representation. And this together with the audience's desire to get maybe digested data, we came up with story maps at the land portal. And if you look at the data section in the second lowest of these links, we do have a section on data stories. And we feature a variety of data stories from all over the globe about carbon sequestration in communal areas. The change of land use and agriculture production with the global mays boom in Thailand. We have stories about pastoralists in Iran. On communal areas in South Africa and the differences between, yeah, former communal areas and freehold lands. We have them in different languages. And also, I think it's a beautiful example on how we can frame a narrative and communicate it, but also how we can mix different data together. We work with visuals. We work with statistical data. We work with spatial data. We work with qualitative data so we can mix videos and interviews and pictures and show a map where people live for the resources they fight for, or where people are expropriated and then tell their story. Then I think that's the compelling thing about story maps. So in the past, we were just featuring data and now we at the land portal moved on to these more interactive ways of present narratives and also people's perspectives. Yeah, it's also a way more inclusive way to represent data and land just then producing figures so we can communicate these narratives and to populate our data section with these data stories in the past we ran certain data contests per year. And I think with this, I can just hand over to you.


Hi, I'm Cindy Kang, Associate Curator at the Barnes Foundation and I am still working from home. One of the tricky things about working from home is that your home life inevitably bleeds into and interrupts your work life and case in point is homeschooling. How you are supposed to juggle homeschooling if you have a school-aged child and working out of some repurposed corner of your home is something that I think we're all still trying to figure out. I know that Renmar had it all figured out however by making his home life part of his work life and by having family help. Renmar loved to paint his children and here is an idyllic scene of his son Claude known as Coco practicing writing with his nanny Gabrielle. So let's look more closely at it.  So let me tell you my son's hair is going to be this long by the end of the isolation period and he is definitely using my hair clips to keep it out of his face. Coco however was not growing his hair because he was in quarantine. Renmar loved to paint his son's golden hair and so he wouldn't let them cut it until they went off to school.  The nanny Gabrielle Renard was actually the cousin of Renmar's wife Eileen. She came to live with the Renwars when she was 16 to help watch the kids so Coco was the youngest of three boys. His older brothers were Pierre and Jean. Gabrielle eventually would become one of Renmar's favorite models and she posed for many nudes and many figure paintings but at this point she was at first mostly painted doing her job and with his kids. So let's look at how Renmar creates this tender scene. So first there is the really warm palette that is characteristic of Renmar's late paintings. They're these deep deep reds in the background that modulate into flecks of brighter scarlet or even this kind of flaming sunset orange that you see in the flowers and then as you move down into the painting you see they become this kind of peachy coral pink in Coco's shirt. So the warm palette helps to set off the flesh tones of Gabrielle and Coco. Renmar would use layers of transparent glazes and incredibly blended brushwork to create this sense of warm flesh. He really wanted to convey a kind of vitality of red-blooded people and this was something that Dr. Barnes particularly admired in Renmar's late work. Now the reds in the corals contrast with cooler colors most notably Gabrielle's white blouse. The white however is composed of many other colors. There are dots and dashes of green of blue of light pink. This is something that Renmar excelled at since his impressionist years this creation of white through other colors. And let's look at the composition. Gabrielle's body is protectively encircling and enveloping Coco. It's a very maternal kind of embrace and the way the two figures are positioned one unfolded in the other it can be a very self-contained kind of insularity right. Gabrielle is gazing at Coco while Coco is absorbed in his writing and I think in turn the painter and us as the viewers are very much absorbed into this scene. They've very much created their own universe here. The entire picture is composed of rounded forms so from Gabrielle's bun to the billowing sleeve. I mean if you look at the sleeves of Gabrielle and Coco they make their elbows look round when you would expect them to be angular. Even the flower petals around the curves of the green jug holding the flowers I mean everything is so soft and inviting. The only hint of rectilinearity is the chair back here that is supporting Gabrielle's arm. And even Coco's writing utensil which you would expect to be a sharp form actually melts into the folds of his sleeve. I want to look at the flowers too. Renoir painted a lot of gorgeous still lifes and gorgeous floral still lifes and we have a number of them in the Barnes collection. Here he has integrated the floral still life into a figure painting and these flowers to me look like anemones which was a flower that he had painted many times before and it's a flower that would become quite symbolic in his work actually. His middle son Jean Renoir recounted a story about the end of his father's life which is very poignant and relevant to tell here. Apparently on the last morning of Renoir's life when the artist was too weak to leave his room he asked for his paint brushes to be brought to him and he painted a bouquet of anemones that his maid had gathered for him and Jean Renoir writes quote for several hours he identified himself with these flowers and forgot his pain. So in looking at this painting I hope this deliberately ideal world that Renoir has created it's really his vision of beauty and happiness helps you bear some of the difficulties of this time. That wraps up today's Barnes Takeout. If you haven't already please subscribe to our channel to get your daily servings of art and you can also leave a comment below we love hearing from you so thanks for watching. I'm Tom Collins new Bauer family executive director of the Barnes Foundation. I hope you enjoyed Barnes Takeout. Subscribe and make sure your post notifications are on to get daily servings of art. Thanks for watching and for your support of the Barnes Foundation.