Hey y'all, what's up? My name is Sonali and today I'm gonna be sharing with you guys all of my Canon equipment I always get so many questions about what camera I use for taking my Instagrams and doing my videography So I'm going to be sharing with you my Canon equipment now. Sometimes I do use Sony And the reason why I'm doing this video is actually because I'm going to fully switch to Sony So I actually just got a new camera that I'm filming on right now And I feel like the quality is just a hundred times better on the Sony but Canon is awesome for pictures and video too I just love the mirrorless on the Sony because it's so lightweight and especially when you're using a gimbal You know, it's harder to carry Such a big DSLR like the Canon so that is pretty much why I switched but Canon cameras are amazing, too They do hold a very special place in my heart because it was my first ever real camera Let's stop rambling and get into these lenses because I know y'all want to know what I used to take my Instagrams So the first lens I have here is the Sigma 30 millimeter f 1.4 so you will notice all of my lenses are under a 2.8 aperture and this means that pretty much all my lenses will have that bokeh kind of blurred background Look as some of you may know this lens was the youtuber lens like this was what you needed to have if you wanted Some bomb blurry like twinkly lights in the background of your YouTube videos and makeup tutorials This was that lens so I got it and I'm not really sure how much it was at the time I bought it but according to Amazon today it costs 376 dollars so this is the cheapest lens that I have in my whole collection And it is Sigma. It's not a Canon, but it performs really well. I never had any issues with it So basically I use this lens for my makeup tutorials back in the day and just every YouTube video that I ever made back in the day This is a fixed lens, which means you cannot zoom this lens is really great for portraits, too Because it gives you that nice bokeh kind of blurry background I definitely could have gotten rid of this a long time ago since building up my collection because this is definitely the least used lens in my collection But something in my heart just wanted to keep it because it was like my first YouTube lens So that's why it's here with me today But I definitely will be selling this soon just because I'm not gonna be filming on a Canon camera anymore I highly recommend this to anyone who wants to start a YouTube channel and doesn't have the money to buy Prime lenses and lenses over the thousand dollars because trust me we all start somewhere and I definitely invested in my collection So not all of these lenses will be super affordable. So this one will definitely be your go-to and most affordable lens So the second lens I ever bought was the 24 to 70 millimeter f 2.8 and unfortunately I don't have that lens to show you guys, but I will insert a picture on the screen right here I actually just sold it yesterday and that is why I'm filming this video today because I totally forgot to film this even Before I started selling all these lenses. This lens is a zoom lens So it's not fixed this lens right now according to Amazon it costs $1,599 so it is definitely pricier than my first lens and you will notice that this lens has actually a red line around it And that means it's just a fancier lens. I'm not really sure because I'm not a Super professional photographer. I mean I love to take photos and I do it sometimes for gigs But I don't really know all the specs on it, but I do know that it performs way better So you'll see sometimes Canon does have cheaper options of the lenses, but the red line lenses are The better option and more pricey So I'm not really sure what provoked me to buy this lens But I've been watching a lot of Canon lens videos and a lot of people say this is in their top five lenses And I honestly agree with that. It's a really great beginner lens when I first started taking graduation pictures I actually use this lens It was great because you had the wide angle option and then you can zoom it in and when you zoom it in the Background actually gets a little bit more blurry I also like to use this lens for my makeup videos because you could zoom in really easily on your eye if you're doing eye Makeup or anything you wanted to get a really close-up shot of you didn't have to change lenses You could just zoom right in I also really like to travel with this lens because you can get those wide-angle shots like I said and you can zoom in to signs or Sweet treats or anything like that. This lens could also be really great for food photography too going back to the aperture I do love my blurry background, but when it does come to even portraits or Food photography you do need to see like all of the food and all of the face So sometimes when you have a really low aperture like 1.2 It does tend to blur out like the shoulders if the face is like out a little bit more if that makes sense Especially for food photography It depends on like what vibe you're going for if you want a blurry background Then obviously go for the lower aperture, but most likely you'd want to see the food. So 2.8 is great for Getting everything in focus So the next lens is the 16 to 35 millimeter f 2.8 So the price of this lens according to Amazon is $1,899 So again, this is a zoom lens if they have two numbers like the 16 to 35 It's a zoom lens and you'll always know that if it's the just 30 millimeter Then it's a fixed lens so you can't zoom this lens is a 2.8. So it doesn't really have the blurry background But if you zoom in all the way to the 35 you can kind of get a little bit of the blurred background So this lens right here is the widest angle lens I have out of my whole collection so I actually bought this lens when Susie Shattuck and Ted's as pictures were going viral. I'll put some on the screen right now But as you can see they're just super wide angle. You can see their whole outfit You can see the whole background behind them and it's not super blurry So that is what inspired me to pick up this lens when I picked up this lens It was also at the time that the professional photos on Instagram weren't actually doing as well Because I think they were just too good if that makes sense So I wanted to try this wide angle lens out and I actually had so much fun. This made me feel the most creative Not professional but the most creative because I would take it out with my friends And we would do like really fun photo shoots with it and you could pose really cool and just I don't know This lens just makes any picture look super frickin cool So I guess this lens is the most expensive out of my collection I honestly don't really know why and I want to know why because I feel like the other lenses would be more expensive But I don't know. Maybe it's just really popular right now and they increase the price I'm not really sure but I really like this lens and it's really popular to vlog with now I hear of so many vloggers using this lens on their Canon mirrorless cameras because now it's super trendy to like zoom in and zoom out Really fast to get that dramatic shot or just like tell a funny story while zooming in and zooming out I personally don't know how people vlog with this because the lens itself is really heavy and Even though they are probably shooting on a mirrorless Canon camera. It's probably lighter than a DSLR But it's still probably gonna be really heavy. So I don't know how they do that But kudos to them So the next lens that I have and probably my most used lens is the 50 millimeter F 1.2 the price of this lens right now according to amazon is $1,299 I absolutely adore this lens. This is the exact lens I use when I'm doing grad photos It really gives the most buttery bokeh background and honestly, this is so worth my money I personally think that this lens helped me to book more grad photo gigs because when you're getting your grad photos done You want them to look really professional with that blurred out background So if you're using a lens with the 2.8 aperture, it doesn't look like you got your pictures taken and like paid for Which like if you're gonna pay for it, I feel like you would want it to look more professional This lens is also really great for fashion photography and street photography I remember years ago when I was looking what lens to buy next I saw this lens being used by street photographers during new york fashion week And it really just gave the most beautiful blurred out background while also getting the whole outfit and focus Um, so I was obsessed with it way back then But I knew it wasn't in my budget until I started to really get a lot of photo gigs to be able to pay this off But it's definitely worth your investment, especially if you are doing photography Now for videography, I feel like This wasn't always the best for me because I've always been filming in really small spaces Coming out of college living in a sorority dorm You know, I don't really have that much space to back the camera up because this is a really close-up lens So it would literally only get my face and my shoulders And not all the decorations like you see right now Also with this lens for video, it might be a little bit harder To see everything in focus, especially if your face is like all the way out here And your shoulders are all the way back here. This could be A little bit blurred out just because it's not in the same focus line. So just keep that in mind But you can always turn down the aperture, but why not use it to its fullest abilities? So the final lens I have for y'all is the Canon 24 millimeter f 1.4 According to amazon right now this runs for $1,549 funny story about this lens is that I Literally bought this lens last month I actually really wanted to get the Canon 60 mark 2 as my camera upgrade But this weird thing happened with the shipping the box never came to my house It was a month later and it never came I contacted usps and I finally contacted ebay and they gave me a full refund I thought this was god telling me that I needed to buy the sony a7 III And so I did I honestly knew that the sony a7 III was the clear winner Between the two because I feel like a lot of people are Between those two cameras, but I didn't want to get rid of all these Canon lenses, especially because I just bought this lens Um, and I feel like my collection was just too big to Switch all over to sony, but I guess fate told me otherwise So I am going to be switching fully to sony lenses and everything So I am going to be selling all my Canon lenses But this lens is a really great wide angle lens with that shallow depth of field So you do get the blurred background while also getting the wide picture that is really trendy right now I have not gotten to personally use this on my own instagram on my own photos But I did get to use it on one grad session And I really loved it because it just felt a little bit more personal because I was closer to the subject And it was blurred in the background as well I actually got this lens because a photographer I follow on instagram named Kiana Govind She uses the Sigma 35 lens, I think And she actually uses an icon. I'm pretty sure But her photos just look so nice when they're wide angled and the blurry background It just looks amazing. So I did want to get a wide angle with the blurry background I also told myself that I would start filming my videos with this since it does have that wide angle view It will show all the decorations behind me And I feel like that's kind of trendy on youtube now to have like those wide angle lenses So that is my Canon lens collection And I wanted to share a really big secret with you guys that you must know Watching this video. I did not pay full price for any of these lenses I bought them all on ebay or a marketplace of some sort and got them way way cheaper So although I do think it is very important to invest in your lenses I also feel like it's it's not dumb to buy in full price But you could be saving so much money and getting the same quality lens Plus if you buy on ebay, there's something called square trade Which is a warranty that you can buy on top of it, which isn't always super expensive It might be like 30 to like 90 dollars So if you are worried about it being damaged or getting damaged You could totally buy that on top of the already discounted lens Another piece of advice I want to share with y'all is that it is very important to Invest in your business invest in your collection and invest in yourself If you are trying to do this professionally and make money off of photography sessions or videography sessions Then definitely start saving a portion of your money to get a better lens And I know that there are some of the cheaper options for the lenses Like I know canon has a 50 millimeter 1.4 I think that is way cheaper probably half the price but I mean this one is a red line and Although I don't know exactly what that means. I know it's way better And especially if you want to make this a profession Definitely go for the better quality lens and the better quality glass So y'all are probably wondering, okay What lens do I need to purchase first? And honestly, this all depends on what you're going to be photographing So if you're going to do engagement shoots or grad photos, I would go with the 50 millimeter 1.2 If you were going to do fashion shots And you really like the wide angle look I would go with the 24 millimeter Some people really need the ability to zoom so I would go with the 24 to 70 But again, it really just depends on what you're willing to spend and what your work is Again, I'm not a professional although I do Photo sessions and I know a good bit about canon But if there's anything I got wrong with this video, please don't leave a comment. I'm sorry Just I apologize now in advance One last thing I forgot to share with y'all is that I did shoot on a canon 70 d I really liked this camera at the time because it did have the flip out screen Touch screen everything I wanted and more But if I was going to go back and buy another camera today in the canon family I would definitely go for the 60 mark 2 or even just the 80 d But once you start going higher like the mark 4 and the mark 5 or something like that They don't have the flip out screen, which is so stupid and makes me so angry that not all cameras have the flip out screen because Hello vlogging is a thing now So if you are just starting out in photography or just buying a camera for instagram or just as a hobby I do Suggest getting a canon because it doesn't take that much time to learn a canon camera. So that is it of this video I hope it helped y'all out if you guys are in the market for a new lens Let me know what's on your list for your next purchase because i'm really interested to see what y'all are gonna buy next Also, if you guys have any other questions, please please please instead of commenting on this video DM me on my instagram because trust me i'll reply way faster Um and feel free to go through my instagram and DM me a photo and ask what lens it was taken on Because for me if I see a photo And I really like the vibe like I'd want to know exactly what lens that photo was taken with But a little disclaimer is that I do have these sony a5 100 So some of my photos on my instagram are taken with that camera But still feel free to DM me if you want help and I will definitely help you guys out So I will see y'all in my next video gonna kiss these lenses. Goodbye I'm probably going to sell these lenses. So if you guys see a lens in this video that y'all want DM me on instagram I'm not sure if it's going to be sold already. So if you guys are interested I will be selling these lenses for a way cheaper price than they are on amazon But I will see y'all in my next video. Bye


Prinhoundar, a ddod i'n gweithio ar gweithio'n gweithio. Dyma'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gwladol i'r newydd a Llywodraeth, sy'n gweithio'n gweithio. Fel hynny, roeddwn i'n gweithio'n Gweithio'n Gweithio, mae'n fathio'r prysgafodd cyffredinol ymgyrchyniad. Rydym wedi'i bwysig i'w dweud yng Nghymru i'r Gweithio, a'u ddweud i'r dweud yng nghymru i'w ddeud, a'u ddweud i'r bwysig i'w dweud ymgyrch yn gweithio eich dweud. Fe'n gwneud i'r ddweud i ddeud a'u dweud i'r prysgafodd cyffredinol i'w ddweud i'r ddweud i'r ddweud i'r gweithio i'r ddweud i'r gweithio i'w ddweud i'r ddweud i'r ddweud i Wales. ac mae'r cyflwyf yn cydweud yn cydweud i'r cyffredinol yn ymddangos. Y rhaid i'n dweud y mae'n gweithio gyrddol yn cydweud i'r cyffredinol, roeddwn i'r unig sethau ar gyfan. Dda ei fod yn hynny'n gwybod ei fod yn debyg gyda cael ei gael cerdd, yn gallu gyrwp hynny'n cerddau yn llyfr y maen nhw, ac mae'n llwyddo i gyfrifio'r cyffredinol, ond rydyn ni wedi'u gynnwys ymdegu'r cyfrifio'n cyfrifio'n cydweud i'r cyffredinol. Mae'r parwysg wedi eu syniadau iawn, ac mae'n gwneud o'r partласт sy'n chongefodol iawn. Nid ydych chi'n i gweithio ddechrau i chi weld gweithreibol ar gyfer gyfrontio y shelters. Mae'n ddigydd iawn i'r parwysg sy'n ei gweithreibol i chi'n gweithreibol i chi weld gyfrontio y shelter. Mae'r parwysg sy'n ddigwydd yn ei gweithreibol i chi'n gweithreibol i chi weld gweithreibol i chi ddechrau i chi'n gweithreibol i chi'n gweithreibol i chi ddweud. Chwebwyswyl, wrth gwrth iwn, felly ei wneud chi'n gweithio amserau ych yn ôl sy'n gweithio. Yn mynd i, Mae chi'n olygu i dda'n gweithio'r wyrddol. Mae'n ddefnyddio £20 miliwn o'r hwn o'r ynchynnig i'n tot yn ei wneud yn cael ei gwasanaethol. Dyma'r tŵun fydd c winner i'r cyflwyno bwysig ei wneud, gyda bod y awdraeth iall gwyllt yn eifyd yn y gwlad o ddwyggwad, will be offered the opportunity to take part in the pilot. We expect more than 500 young people to be eligible to join. Participation will not be mandatory, so exact numbers won't be finalised until the end of the first year. But everyone taking part in the pilot will receive a payment of £1,600 before tax every month for two years. HMRC and DWP have confirmed the payment will interact with the tax and benefit system and will be recognised as income. We're disappointed that DWP has not worked with us from the start to ensure a smooth and simple process to support these care leavers. We've worked with care experienced young people through the process of developing this pilot. Their questions, concerns and ideas have been critical in shaping the pilot and ensuring it will work for all those taking part. And as the pilot progresses we will continue to listen to learn and adapt based on the feedback from the young people taking part. We want all our young people to have the best possible chance in life and fulfil their absolute potential. Our basic income pilot is an incredibly exciting project, helping a generation of young people to find financial stability. Too many people leaving care face too many barriers to achieving their hopes and ambitions, such as problems getting a safe and stable home to securing a job, building a fulfilling career. We hope a basic income will help overcome some of these barriers and limitations and provide these young care leavers security to explore opportunities for their future adult lives. This pilot will offer important learning about what a basic income may offer in terms of benefits and challenges. It is a time limited pilot which will enable us to evaluate and assess the impact of the policy on care leavers as a group and offer wider insight about the value of basic income as an approach. Listening to everyone who takes part will be crucial determining the success of this globally ambitious project. Thank you. Diolch. I'll now take questions. So can I start with Catherine from BBC Wales? Amanda, thank you. On this basic income pilot it's a £20 million experiment essentially, it's an expensive experiment. What would success look like at the end of it and do you acknowledge that as an experiment it could all fail too? Well Diolch yn fawr. I have a question. Thank you for your question. It's really important that we see this basic income pilot as an opportunity to invest in those young care leavers who, as we know and the evidence is clear, has faced so many obstacles in their lives as they're growing up and this is now the transition into adulthood. So what we see in terms of success is for those young people who already are saying those who are taking part and who have helped us with this pilot, that this actually shows that we trust them, that we believe in them, that they can actually now look to the future with optimism, that they can think about their job, their education opportunities and just the way in which they've responded so far to say that this doesn't, they're often on a cliff edge in terms of what happens next. So many young people have their parents around them and communities, families, extended families, helping them through these difficult times but we now know from talking to care experienced young people what a difference this will make. So we hope that these young people and of course in very different circumstances across the whole of Wales a diverse group of young people by the end of this pilot we'll see that they have their futures and mapped out for them because of the confidence, because of the support we've given them as well throughout this pilot. I mean this is an experiment, we're not alone globally, basic income pilots taking place but there's a great deal of interest and evidence already that it improves well-being, self-esteem, confidence but crucially it's that financial stability, particularly at these tough times, the cost of living crisis. Diolch. Can I now turn to housing Ukrainian refugees? We were told that using Eireth centres to host Ukrainian refugees was due to come to an end shortly. But now we've done, BBC country has been told that Llangrannog and Cardiff Eireth centres have received what they call a last minute request from the Welsh Government to extend the arrangement into the summer. Can you confirm that and explain why that last minute request has been made and on the June pause in visa applications from Ukraine, will that now restart in July? Well we are so proud of our welcome centres and the welcome that they've given to Ukrainian refugees who are fleeing from the most horrific conflict and we see the terrible news overnight of that attack on innocent civilians in a retail centre. But we have already got in the figures, published figures last week, 3,000 people with sponsors in Wales who've arrived in Wales in the UK and over a thousand of those have Welsh Government as a super sponsor for our welcome centres. We have welcome centres all over Wales and we actually had another one opening yesterday because they're all meeting the needs of Ukrainian refugees and we of course visited First Minister and I to see last week to see the wonderful work, the welcome that's been given at the Eireth but I've also visited other welcome centre working so closely with their local authorities, their health boards. So I mean this is not news at all, this is about us working day by day to see have we got the capacity looking towards opening other welcome centres and very much welcoming the fact that the Eireth can continue to provide this support as we welcome Ukrainian refugees and we've got to recognise that this is something where we also have to support and thank those families, those households across Wales who are also providing that support. And sorry just on the visa pause in applications. Well what we have done is we've just paused for a few weeks our super sponsor route because our welcome centres are full to capacity. As I said more welcome centres opening, of course the fact is that refugees who already had got their visas didn't stop there arriving, it's people who are actually now fulfilling their homes, signing up for homes Ukraine who we paused. So we well over the thousand we said we originally would support we got to do this responsibly and I think that's the way forward to do this responsibly to make sure that we can give the right welcome to all of those who are coming and then to ensure that we can increase the capacity and indeed ask people again to open up their homes to help us with responding to the refugee response for Ukraine. It's vitally important that that's the way forward. Thank you, so can I move to Agent Masters ITV Wales? Thank you. Can you say how you as a Welsh Government, if a Welsh Government is acting as the guardian to these young people, how you will help them with things like budgeting and dealing with what for a lot of them will be the most money they've ever had? Well, thank you very much, Agent. I mean, I think you've met some of these care experienced young people, some who actually won't be eligible because they're older, who help sort of guide us and advice us on this and we listened to them right from the word go, what is it you would need and help in terms of support if you were to take part in this scheme and they said we would need financial guidance and advice, but also access to all of the other opportunities that young people will have. So there's within our 20 million budget, there's 2 million, particularly round giving from advice on financial supporting guidance through our single advice fund already experienced with with working people with people who need that kind of advice. It's crucial also that they are going to be supported by their local authorities, they still have leaving care advisers, they have social workers working with them, but they'll be plugged into things like the young person's guarantee up for the age of 25, so we're confident that we've actually listened to care experienced young people and responded with this bespoke package of support. And how would you support them when it comes to the end of the two year periods because that could prove to be quite a difficult transition? Well it's very important that we evaluate this experiment, this basic income pilot from day one and that evaluation will include the young people themselves, the feedback that they will give us and through their advisers, we're working very closely with voices from Care Cymru which has worked with Care Experienced Young People and have Care Experienced Young People as trustees. So throughout the two years they will be getting that advice and support, it will feedback about how we then move towards the end of the two year period, but also there will be a specific one-to-one sessions in terms of financial advice for example. I mean we obviously hope and anticipate that we will see that these young people will be very settled as a result of this financial stability they've got, whether it's into work, education, apprenticeships, even setting up their own businesses. It's given them confidence, the financial stability that so many young people get from their families and friends, but these young people haven't had them and as they've said and you will have heard them age and it's about us giving them that opportunity, empowering them to actually look to the future. It's a kickstart I think as young people have said today. Thank you very much. Now can I very much welcome Evie Breeze from Big Issue and I think Evie, probably this is the first time you've joined a press conference. Are you Evie? Hi there. I'm not the first time ever but the first time here so thank you for the welcome. My question is that, the first question is, so I believe the income is £19,000 a year for two year period. How do you plan to deal with rising inflation and the cost of living so that the income maintains its value? It's, I mean it's very important that we've had to cost this pilot. It isn't expended over two years and get it in the budget as well. It's a £20 million investment and everyone will get that £1,600 per month. It's actually one of the most generous basic income schemes across the whole of the world. You probably know that Evie already so we believe we at least have tried to ensure that this pilot and this income injection into the given that financial stability will help them with a really great start in life but also you know there's lots of other things that we're doing in terms of tackling the cost of living crisis. We've been winter fuel support payments. We're doing work for fuel vouchers for people on prepayments. They don't have to pay council tax but that was before this scheme was developed so you know we will make sure that they're passborted to every other benefit that's available in Wales which includes the most generous student supports scheme in the UK and of course we still pay educational maintenance allowance in Wales. That was scrapped in England long time ago by the UK government so you know we're going to everything we'll get every bit of advice and support to make sure they can be also buffered but you know basically this is a good start for our care leavers as they enter transition. Thank you just for clarification sorry were you saying that the care leavers that are participating in this scheme will also be able to claim other benefits such as the fuel allowance? Well clearly there are some eligibility criteria for some of our other schemes. We're just about to actually launch the next phase of our winter fuel support scheme for example but they will have in terms of cost of living there are many ways in which we are supporting people in Wales. You know we don't have powers over tax and benefits in Wales that's the UK government. The UK government has not cooperated with us as we would wash we wouldn't we don't want this basic payment to be taxed for example and yet they're taxing it and also they're unfairly assessing it in terms of eligibility for universal credit so we would still turn to the UK government said look at our scheme learn from it and we hope then you will benefit from it because it's about care experience some of the most vulnerable young people in the country being supported by the Welsh government. Thank you Evie so can I go to Kate Lindpar from LBC. Thank you minister good afternoon is this funding just the Welsh government basically compensating for this specific group of young people essentially being neglected after they've left care up to now? Well I think what's very important and as I've said it in my in my opening remarks and in my statement I will be saying this afternoon we have we've always valued our our care our young people in care we have you know particulars and David's Day award and sponsor for our young people we don't they don't have to pay council tax we have ways in which our trust funds are boosted for them we work closely with our local authorities there and we have done to develop this pilot and we know from their circumstances we know that they are vulnerable that they have been through tough times but we also know and if you've if you've read any of the comments that have come from young people already about this pilot that some of them have been have had wonderful care we know that through foster caring for our care system here in Wales which is you know local authorities are corporate parents and so we believe this is actually continuing our investment in our young people as they go into that very difficult transition we are focusing on them we want them to have the same start in life that other children who have been brought up in more family stability and that's why we're making this investment. Brilliant thank you and just on the restart of the super sponsor scheme we've been speaking to a Ukrainian gentleman this morning who's living in Swansea at the moment on refugees being welcomed into Wales he said that it's effectively a postcode lottery at the moment as to who has access to opportunities in their new community like work or clubs and groups for their children and English language courses will the funding sort of improve over the coming weeks and provide them with more but more opportunities to integrate comfortably into their new communities all across Wales? Well we have a strong welcome for our Ukrainian refugees we are a nation of sanctuary we welcomed Afghan refugees last summer and I'm not just all those organisations like the ear so many people have come forward third sector voluntary groups to care and support our Ukrainian refugees but I have to say local authorities have played a fantastic role in showing that our Ukrainian refugees do get access to all those services can I make a very strong point here we have us we are funding and supporting our welcome centres we don't get a penny from the UK government for that we are consistently asking the UK government to fund for example the families who are coming forward who are not part of homes for Ukraine but actually family connections not a penny is going to support local authorities to help those families so we are paying our way because we believe in supporting Ukrainian refugees and families and of course there's some fantastic things going on with English as a second language I met some Ukrainian families in my constituency on Saturday they were going to ESOL classes today but then volunteers were coming forward from local groups like the Seroptimist and doing one-to-one support the way we're investing in a summer of fun of activities for our children young people all Ukrainian refugees and their children will be able to benefit from them and of course they're coming into our schools are registering with our GPs but you know we do say that the UK government should also be supporting our tremendous efforts but we are the nation of sanctuary here in Wales thank you Will Haywood thank you minister um no one would begrudge care leavers getting support I don't think but in May 2021 the Welsh government said it wanted to test the concept of universal basic income but a key part of UBI is that universal element and this study will do little to test the impact for instance on people who are in long-term employment or those with caring responsibilities was this the best way to fulfil your stated aim of testing universal basic income well clearly we had to look at what we could do what the resources we we put into this and look at as you know will the most vulnerable people who could benefit from us testing the basic income premise that we can if we can give a basic income to people particularly vulnerable group of people then see what it what impact it has on their life their circumstances and their future prospects I mean I was very I might very much welcome the fact that so we have that we have a external steering group including all those engaging in Wales and UBI projects but also that it's chaired by Sir Michael Marmot who's you know absolute poved leader lead in the poverty fields and Guy Standing who's done a lot of work on UBI and they've backed the fact that we're focusing on this cohort I was also very pleased with the petitions committee that they looked into this and that they they asked us to make sure that it was reaching out to all our care experienced young people that we that we work closely with them to get this pilot right so you know this is this is a basic income pilot will that we're we're taking forward to look at how we can within our resource and with our commitment look at the needs of this most vulnerable group of people young people of course they're drawn from the whole of Wales as well and let's learn those lessons from this basic income pilot and also show it across the world because there's many other pilots looking at the same in the same way at certain cohorts thank you many people in Wales are really feeling the pinch during the cost of living crisis what do you say to the people who criticise the use of tens of millions pounds of public money when the Welsh NHS has enormous waiting lists and many local services are starved of funds well we we made a commitment to pilot a basic income not just in our manifesto for the elections last year but in our and then subsequently into our program of government so we feel we got we got the mandate to take take this forward but also I think people will understand as they listen and learn about the lives of young people who are in care that this actually is an investment in public services isn't it because you know if we can if this 20 million over three years give this stability and these opportunities to these young people and if you read their stories they want to be they want to run businesses they want to have careers they want to have jobs they want to have families and they don't want to be homeless they don't want to be in the criminal justice system um they don't want to be costing the state money um because of failure so you know we believe this is an investment in public services for our young people and I think people in Wales have that kind of compassionate outlook and recognise that we should do all we can to support our young people in those circumstances thank you can I go on to Tom Magnef from Caerysworld Live thank you very much indeed minister can I pick you up on you appear to be singing the praises of local authorities for the first question I have I put to your health and the economy ministerial colleagues the issue of the failure of the Welsh local authorities to process unpaid carers needs assessments in accordance with their legal duties do you accept from me that such delay and failure of local authorities to act promptly efficiently efficiently and compassionally is not socially just well clearly our local authorities have got statutory duties as you know Tom under the social services and well-being act to undertake those assessments of unpaid carers and you know our deputy minister for social services Julie Morgan working very closely as you know with all our local authorities um and care and care agencies to ensure that those assessments can take place but I'm sure you will Tom have welcomed the payment to unpaid carers that Julie Morgan announced the £500 and also more money as well to assess help with the assessment of their needs thank you very much indeed for that you drew attention to the money that's been allocated to unpaid carers um given that 96% of care across Wales is provided by unpaid carers shouldn't they be at the heart of Welsh Government social justice thinking and policy rather than on the margins where occasional small amounts of money are handed out often with complicated qualifying provisions and a drop in the ocean compared to how much unpaid carers say the Welsh Government every year well you know unpaid carers are absolutely the forefront of our you know our commitment um for my commitment as minister for social justice working very closely with my colleagues in health and social services but across across the board now what I would say um Tom that I think some of the initiatives that we are developing to tackle the cost of living crisis within our powers don't forget tax and benefit doesn't lie within our powers tax and benefits will help unpaid carers because we are um not only the the cost of living payments that have gone out this year to people in bands A to D 150 pounds the 200 pounds that went out to those who are eligible for the winter fuel support scheme over winter there will be unpaid carers who on prepayment meters and off-grid they're going to benefit from the four million pounds I announced three or four weeks ago to work with the fuel foundation to get fuel vouchers we will do everything we can to help those who are at the sharp end particularly as you say of caring thank you Tom thank you


What are the supplements that more or less seem to have a significant effect on how someone is able to tolerate their cancer therapy and get through their therapy? The fatty fish are probably going to be my first go-to. Salmon, for instance, being an excellent source of omega-3s. That's one of the things we know affects inflammation the most and can, you know, bring it down fairly quickly. The vitamin D fiber, preferably from fruits, vegetable, complex carbohydrates. Water, which is something we didn't talk about. I know two are a really popular one. Vitamin C supplements, people taking probiotics and they're not all the same. Like we can group all supplements into one. Some new research coming out about vitamin D and being vitamin D deficient might have a negative impact on outcomes. Some research coming out about probiotic supplementation might actually help reduce the severity of chemo-induced diarrhea.


So, welcome to this next lecture, till now we had referred to steam tables and if you remember around the first lectures I had said that there are two ways to get properties of water and one of the methods was the graphical method. So, I refer to there are two methods graphical method and tabular method till now what we had seen is a tabular method which is accurate wherein I get all the properties to the decimal points which is based on interpolation, but I cannot see the process graphically here. Now I am going to talk about is the second way of representation of the properties at the same time I can see graphically how the process takes place which actually can give you a lot of information with the tables cannot and here now therefore I am referring to Moliere charts. So, this I will talk about introduction to Moliere chart or Moliere diagram which is basically an HS diagram enthalpy entropy diagram enthalpy entropy chart we will see some salient features of this Moliere chart Moliere diagram and I will just show a small application of Moliere diagram. I will also tell you one fact here that this Moliere diagram I will not refer all the time it is actually useful to tell you how the process takes place what is the state of the process what is the state of the point when it starts when the process starts and where does it finish you can get lot of information from that chart, but you cannot get actual accurate properties from this will not refer to this Moliere chart all the time will not even solve the problems may be a some simple problem, but mostly we will refer to steam tables only for acquiring properties at different states of water. This photograph is of Richard Moliere who came from Dresden technical university Dresden Germany life spanning from 1863 to 1935 Moliere is known as a pioneer for experimental studies in thermodynamics mainly related to water moist air and steam. The major contribution from him enthalpy entropy chart or HS chart or Moliere diagram this is the really the biggest contribution that has come from Moliere as a scientist. These charts were created in 1904 and just an historical fact at the 1923 thermodynamics conference in Los Angeles it was decided to name any thermodynamic diagram using the enthalpy H as one of one of its axis as a Moliere diagram. So, whenever you have got a graphical representation in which one of the axis is enthalpy or H one can actually refer to it as Moliere diagram not so much prevalent in practice this nomenclature, but still a fact which we all should remember. Let us come to the Moliere chart and let us have a look at its salient features. So, as is known now it is an enthalpy entropy chart enthalpy on y axis entropy on the x axis and it would look like this. What you see here is a little bit inclined enthalpy entropy diagram and on this diagram I have drawn several lines and this is the specialty of Moliere chart. What you see on these lines are these two extreme lines are the x lines. In fact all these are of basically x lines and this is saturated liquid line where x is equal to 0. Moliere chart basically represent so much of dryness fraction the lines of dryness fraction which we do not see on the steam table or even on phase diagrams and here one can directly read the value of x from Moliere chart and which is one of the highlights of this chart. So, obviously where I say x is equal to 0 it is saturated liquid line and the other point therefore should be x is equal to 1 which represents saturated vapor line. So, this is x is equal to 1 x is equal to 0 and then you can see all these other values definitely will be other values of x, but then when I say this is saturated liquid line and saturated vapor line they should meet each other at the critical point. So, this is a critical point all right all other lines shown here schematically are the constant dryness fraction line that means x values. So, this could be 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 so on somewhere here x is equal to 0.9 and things like that. So, what one can also understand from this is the enclosed region between these two would be the wet region or a two phase mixture vapor plus liquid together and on this side will be the single phase region on this side especially. So, this is my wet steam wherein we say that entire thing is less than x is equal to less than 1 and above what I call it superheated steam where in this region we will have a superheated steam all right. We can have in the same diagram various pressure lines and the pressure range is from 0.01 to 1000 bar all right similar to what we have in steam tables we got pressure range 0.01 to 1000 bars and this pressure lines would be shown like this. So, you can see various constant pressure lines across here the actual molier chart you will have the pressure values given over here. In addition to that what we have also are the temperature lines up to 800 degree centigrade all right you can see there are various constant temperature lines which run like this they are not being shown over here, but you can always see that the temperature lines will go through the wet region also and therefore we got a pressure we got temperature we got dryness fraction in addition to that we can read enthalpy entropy from this then we got a constant specific volume lines also various lines all right. So, in all we have got various line and therefore lot of data is embedded over here in a graphical format. So, I can actually just find a point and read all these properties directly from this graph which I cannot do from the steam table from steam table I have to locate this values interpolate all right, but here I can the moment I know the point where it lies I have got an idea in which zone it is straight away and corresponding to that point I will read the properties. So, lines are plotted on HS chart and it has constant pressure line constant temperature line constant volume line and constant dryness fraction line. So, all these information I can get directly from Moli chart and that is a very effective information one can have one can acquire all right and if I could drop processes on these then it gives lot of information about that process itself not only process, but even cycle also.


15 hits, four home runs from the offense. What stands out to you about their performance tonight? Again, just the quality of it, Bat, throughout the lineup. And that's something that these guys are capable of when we're whole and healthy and locked in like they are. They just made it real tough. Snell's tough, man. He's hard to hit. But I think he felt the weight of everything, the grind it out at bats and making it difficult. And eventually we were able to really break through and just a lot of quality at bats against a team that really pitches well.  Do you sense that they're feeding off of each other as an offense? I do. I just think they're really focused, you know. And absolutely. I think they have a lot of faith and a lot of trust in each other and know that they're up there to make it difficult on the pitcher. And again, that doesn't always mean you get on or you get hit or whatever. But if you can make it heavy for the opponent, eventually one of our guys more often than not will get you. And what did you think of Cole tonight? I thought he was good. I thought he really grinded. You know, he had to work hard a couple of those innings and made some huge pitches. You know, I think in the fifth there, obviously getting out of a huge jam really stepped on it. And I think kind of emptied the tank a little bit in the sixth. But you know, he just pitched again. You know, gave up the two-run homer there.  But I thought he made a lot of big pitches and kind of grinded his way and set a good tone for us. Brendan, cut to you in the next question. Aaron, you've been hearing for days about the raised record against you guys this season. Do you feel like you guys made a statement tonight? It's one game. We got to win three. We know we've got to. We know they're a great team and a great opponent. And we know we got to play our best to beat them. So I don't think there's any statements or anything like that. We got to win two more. And that's going to be a challenge. And we're excited for that challenge, though. Ken, David, if you have the next question. Aaron, you just said we got to play our best to beat them. Do you feel like these last three games, given the quality of the opponent of the states, have been your best base ball season? Yeah, there's no question the guys have really played well. You know, they've had a lot of big pitches, a lot of big defensive plays, big at bats in the critical times of the game. And obviously, with the whole lineup kind of working well together, we've been able to really break through eventually, like we did tonight, where it was a grind there for six or seven innings. So I think the guys are really focused. And hopefully, we can continue it tomorrow. Thanks, Aaron. Bruce Beck, you have the next question. Aaron, how do you feel for John Carla, who has struggled over the past couple of seasons, but had that big postseason moment tonight? I mean, he struggled just because he hasn't been healthy. I feel great for him, because I know this is what I envisioned for him last year. I felt like he was in such a good place from his at bats. We saw it again this year, and now carrying it into the postseason. He's such a dangerous hitter in the middle of our lineup. And I just feel like his at bat quality, when he came back off the IL, picked right up. And then he had a few games there where he scuffled a little bit, but then got right locked back in in the playoffs. And I just feel like when he's controlling the strike zone, he's as deadly as anyone. Thank you. Next one to Bob Clash. Hey, Aaron, here's about one thing, almost as a side note. After Stanton's Grand Slam, Curtis came up and in on Gio and Glaver. Just wondering if you made a mental note of that, or just let it go. No, just no. There's no time for we're just trying to put our best foot forward. So no, I didn't take anything away from that. OK. Next one to Stephanie Abstein. Aaron, if you had off days during this series, do you think you might have been more tempted to take a call out when you're in trouble in the fifth? No, no. We'll try and get to the remaining questions in queue. Next one to Mike Fakaro. Aaron, how happy are you for Frazier to seize the moment we did today? He's answered the bell at every turn this year. Obviously, to start the year, a few games into the season, the disappointment of going down. But again, the focus, the work, the professionalism, he's been able to show, earned his way back, earned at bats when he got here. And then is a big reason why we're in the postseason and doesn't start the first two games, gets his opportunity tonight. And yeah, he's answered the bell at every turn. And I'm just really proud of how he's handled things. Show himself to be a real pro. Next one to Brian Hook. Aaron, as a former third baseman, what do you think of the postseason geos having that throw he made from the seat of his pants there? He's so good. He's so good over there.  And he's a lot of fun to watch play the position. And a lot of fun to watch play the game the way he plays it with kind of this joy that that's infectious. Could you have made that play? I could have. It doesn't mean I would have.


Okay. Welcome. Welcome back. So, we have, we have computed using the replica trick and this replica symmetric assumption, the average value of the minimal loss as a function of alpha and sigma square and we have seen that there is a critical value of alpha beyond which the system is of typically incompatible. And, and, and this, this critical value clearly moves to the left as we increase the, the noise. Now, Russia and young have developed using objects that we have computed already a more an even more powerful approach to compute, not just the average value but the full distribution. So, let's call it the full distribution of, I mean, so the minimal loss in the larger limit, which is what essentially wanted to do. Just just to present the approach and then it's just a lot of calculations so we'll see what, how much can I can I cover but then in the end, there is, there is a final final formula what what is important here is the method. So what they, what they do is they assume a large deviation function motivated by similar problems where such large deviation approach is correct. So they assume that in the larger limit the full probability distribution of the minimal of the minimal loss is as this form R of e exponential minus NL of E, where he is even divided by N. I'm not sure how familiar you are with the theory of large deviations and, and the fact that probability distribution, depending on on a parameter on a typical a large parameter can develop this, this type of, of form. So I'm just prepared here like a crash course on on large deviations using the simplest example of coin coin tosses. So this P of M, N is the probability of getting exactly M tails in a sequence of N coin tosses. This is the exact result where of course the, the binomial term takes into account different permutations of the, of the sequence of ads and pace. So the idea of large deviations is encoded in this simple scheme. Plug in the number and equals 100 and M equals 90. So what is the probability of getting none 90 heads in, in a sequence of 100 coin tosses, this probability is very tiny, of course, this is a very rare, rare event. This is 10 to the minus 17. But then if you if you double both these numbers, and you ask what is the probability of getting 180 heads out of 200 200 tosses. What can you guess what the exponent would be here, like roughly, we have an intuition of, of, this is also very, very rare event right. The exact number is minus 33. So this event is rare, but this event is 16 orders of magnitude rarer, just because and the ratio is the same, just because we have, we have doubled the, the number of, of coins of tosses. So this means that this probability, which is an exact result in, in, in the limit and to infinity when you scale M as x times and has a probability that the case exponentially fast in the number of of tosses and and the coefficient of this exponentially fast decay is called the rate function, or the larger vision function that can be computed exactly for this for this problem. It has a symmetric shape with the minimum, which is also a zero at one alpha. So the rate function as as a zero and the minimum value at the most probable value, which corresponds to the least suppression of this exponential decay, and then it goes, it goes up up to the level log two, when x is equal to one or zero, why is it log two. Well because the probability of getting 100 tails or 100 heads out of 100 tosses is just one half to the power and which clearly is e to the minus and log two. This is a very fundamental object because it connects typical fluctuations with rare events where where you essentially observe a streak of completely unlikely, unlikely events. Right. Okay, that's, that's large deviations in, in, in two minutes. If you can do better than that. Well, be my guest. Okay, so this is this the, the thing we have a large parameter and and we assume a large deviation form for him in. So what, what Russia and young proposes and earlier on, young and, and they propose to analyze the replicated partition function that we have defined before but in a different limit. When beta goes to infinity and goes to zero, which is pretty much what what we did before in a different order, but assuming that and beta is equal to a fixed value s. The aim is that this object in this limit is related to the large deviation function LLV. This is not the Lagrangian this is just the symbol is, is particularly bad but this is just the large deviation function for this problem. How do we see this. Well let's try to write a chain of equalities. So we write this to the exponent. So we write this as exponential of n log z. Okay.  So we get limit beta to infinity of exponential of s over beta log z. But then we use the fact that even the minimal loss is minus limit beta to infinity of one over beta log z. Right, which is, which is the essentially the starting the starting point of the previous lecture. So if we, if we do that, then we can, we can use the fact that here we have one over beta log z and replace this with imine with a minus sign, of course, because of this minus sign here. Well, we are taking the limit. Yeah, but, but, but I've got 10 pages. You, you will need to help me out here because. So, I mean, that's, I think we've done worse, worse thing in the previous hour. So we can, you can probably proceed here but okay so the idea would be that that you proceed and, and you're right that this is exponential minus SN. So essentially the idea is that this object in this in this peculiar limit is related to the Laplace transform of of the random variable that you are that you are after. So, the conclusion would be that the limit beta is the integral the E, PN, E exponential of minus and S E. And then what you do is the standard thing which is you replace the answers in in there, the large deviation answers inside the integral. So you say that this object we assume is R of the exponential of minus and L of the hat. And then you evaluate this, this integral for for large, for large N, because we have exponential of minus N into something. So for large N, this integral should go as exponential of minus N. What is there as E plus L of the right. Just most my choke. Okay, where as is the parameter that fixes the product and times beat. Sorry. So this this yet. So let me, let me, let me be more precise. So this, this will be a function of S. When you evaluate this integral in the southern point where of course you had to have to extremize over over yet. So, Phi of S is in particular, in this case I think is minus the minimum over E hat. Sorry, minus the minimum over E hat of S. Plus L. Okay, so the, the idea is that if you can extract this this limit out of the object that we have already computed and and put it in a in a large deviation form, depending on the parameter S, then this function. The rate function in the last space is related by a gender transform to the rate function in real space. So what you have to do now is to insert the gender transform and carve out the rate function real space from this, this object, Phi. The idea would be the general framework of the method is that the rate function real space would be minus would be given by minus. S star plus Phi of S star, where S star is the solution of the following equation. This is a completely equivalent. If I start from what you have here limit of beta going to infinity, if I replace the limit beta going to infinity by a limit and going to infinity, and I plug one over N and take the log of this. I think this is the log moment generating function in large deviations, the usual definition of the long amount generating function for E. Which is, yeah, which would establish the fact that Phi of S is precisely some sort of moment or cumulant generating function. Yeah, and then by Gartner at least you get the right function. This is what you're doing. Exactly. But so, like, if you really follow the recipe from large variation theory, the limits here would be a limit in N. So, how do I connect. Well, the limit in N is implicit in here so there is a further limit in N, because of this, because you are evaluating this, this object in a large and setting right. Okay, there is this this this integral that you need to evaluate using Laplace method. Yeah, okay. Yeah. So, so the Enrico is asking if I can repeat the question I'm saying that the object that appears here in the box looks very much up to logarithm and one over N to the so called log moment generating function in large deviation theory. But the limit would be taken in as N is going to infinity instead of beta. And then there is a genetic result under certain condition that is called the Gartner Elise theorem that gives you access from if you can compute this thing for any S. Then from the in from the lab classrooms from the convex conjugate, which is the operation that has done. There you recover the large deviation function and I was trying to connect this large, the classical large deviation approach that I just described where N is going to infinity with what is written there. So instead B is going to infinity. Yeah, I think this this is also a bit misleading in the sense that this limit has already been taken in some sense. The limit has already been been taken when when you are writing that logs that over over beta is minus me. Okay, so that that was, it was as likely misleading of course that the limit has already been taken inside. So the further limit and to infinity which which of course you, you need to assume in here to be able to use the Laplace method for this for this integral. So maybe maybe this, maybe the source of confusion was that I left, I left a limit that in reality we had already used. Okay, sorry about that. So the, the goal is then to extract this function five of five of us from this strange double limit. And if we are able to extract this function five of us by this inverse genre transform, we should be able to access the full distribution of the immune of the normalized immune in the large and limit. So there are examples in which it's a problem where actually all these steps can be can be carried out essentially until the end. So, it seems increasingly unlikely that I will be able to do that, but but in principle this this program can can work until the end. And all, all we have to do is to perform this double double scaling limit of an object that we had already computed though, so we can leverage on what we did just just a few minutes ago. So, I'm just recalling the fact that Z to the power and we computed it as exponential minus and over to find me. Sorry, fine, evaluated in human. By comparing this object with the fact that in the double scaling limit, we want this object to go as some g of s exponential and five of us, we can compare these two relations and obtain that five of us our quantity of interest is minus one over to the limit of phi and evaluated in Q mean, but fine evaluated in Q mean, we have it, we just computed. So fine, evaluated in Q mean was alpha and log of one plus beta minus beta q plus alpha log one plus beta q plus Sigma Square and divided by one plus beta one minus q. And then we have minus and log one minus q minus log one plus q and over one minus q. That was, that was the result that we had. And now we have to substitute every occurrence of little and with S over beta. So this becomes an S over beta. This becomes an S over beta. This becomes an S over beta. And this becomes an S over beta. So we, we have it. We also have to do something, something else though because of course we want to extract some information in the case in the interesting case where the system is incompatible, typically. So when, when the average of even is strictly larger than, than zero. And you remember that to extract some something so we want to be above alpha critical. Because otherwise the problem is much less, less interesting the problem is, is always more on average, compatible and it's not very interesting we want to know when the problem is not compatible. How, how is the distribution of the, of the loss around, around the average, the average value. So in order to tackle this region, we need to assume this double scaling limit between beta and q. Right. So we need to assume that q, so that beta one minus q is V, which implies that q is one minus V over beta. What you do now is to replace one minus V over beta every time you find a q. Okay. And if you, if you do that, it's, you get something like five and of human, which is alpha S over beta log of one plus be. This alpha log of one plus S sigma square plus one minus V over beta divided by one plus be minus S over beta log. What is what is one minus q is V over beta minus log one plus S over beta. So one minus V over beta divided by the over beta. So one minus q is always be over beta. So now you have something that you can evaluate in the limit beta to infinity, which is the limit that you that you want. Okay. Take, take out the limit beta to infinity. You don't have to divide anything here.  So, this term is, is skilled. Some part of this terms are are killed. Some other survive. So in the limit beta to infinity, what survives is something like alpha log one plus S sigma square plus one divided by one plus be minus log one plus S over be. So this function function phi of S comma P, which is the central, the central object that we need to, we need to analyze we have, we have essentially performed this, this step, and what remains is, this is function phi. Good. So, how do we get an equation for V, of course, there is still an equation for being the game that we need to impose V is going to be a function of S in this, in this problem, only as must, must survive. So what we do is we take the off diagonal condition, and we replace this. This, this condition there. And then we take the limit beta to infinity. So, if we do that. There isn't too much. That's. So this is the off diagonal condition written replacing every occurrence of Q with one minus be over be remember there was a queue in the numerator. And well, you can check your notes, but this is not mistaken, what you will obtain. This must be equal to this was a queue plus Sigma Square, and I'm replacing one minus be over beta plus Sigma Square, then we have one plus V, and then we have one plus V plus S over beta times beta one minus be over beta which was a queue. Sigma Square, it's just not very interesting way of replacing every occurrence of Q with with its correct correct value. Okay. And now, if we, if we send beta to infinity, this becomes this simplifies a lot. We get an equation for V, which is of this of this form, one plus the one plus V plus S one plus Sigma Square. Of course, maybe some of you might have noticed that the. I started from the off diagonal conditions but of course the very same equation for for V. I could have obtained by doing what by simply differentiating this, this object with respect to V and setting this, this derivative equal to zero and you can check that the two results. The two results would would agree. Okay, it is just a sanity, sanity check that we are that we are doing the same. So this one is the off diagonal condition is the condition for for the replicas, the replica inverse inverse. So this this equation provides V as a function of S, where S is the Laplace, the plus parameters that we need to act with the legendre transform to get the right function in real space. Okay, just to. The only problem that we have here is that this at some point will become pretty horrible equation to solve. And so let me let me proceed let me see what what I can do. So this object here is what we call their capital Phi of S comma V, but now this V is a V of S itself. Okay, so the object that I want is just minus one half. And here, where V solves this this equation. That's that's the flow of, of information. I need to solve. So this plug it back in here and put the minus one half in front. Okay, so let me just see what it's going to do. The program essentially can be carried out until the end with a couple of tricks, I don't know how much time I have 10 minutes maybe. So my rate function in in real space, we said, must be equal to an inverse legendre transform, right. But we, we said that Phi is minus a half capital Phi. So this minus E s star plus one of five of S, B of S, where of course S and B of S must be as star. So we can write as capital Phi to where S star is found as a function of E hat solving the following problem. So he had must be equal to minus five prime evaluated in S star. So this is one of the total derivative of capital Phi with respect to S evaluated in S equal to S star, but Phi is a function of two variables. S and V of S. So you need to take the derivative with respect to the first argument and the derivative with respect to the second argument using the chain rule, but the derivative with respect to the second argument is zero because of this condition. So what remains is really just the derivative of Phi partial derivative of S B with respect to S using S is equal to S star. So the, the program I think is relatively clear it is just a matter of, of algebra in in solving this equation of trying to solve this and unfortunately it's not going to be possible to give an explicit solution of this, this object, and plug it back in here and compute one derivative. So the derivative with respect to Phi can be can be computed here. So the derivative sorry with respect to S can be computer. So you get that he had is one over two of what of this guy differentiated. That one plus S minus the derivative of this object, which is one plus S over V, and here I put a one over V. So, this is the, this equality that connects S with E hat. I mean, S is S star of course. And if you massage this equation a bit, you can show that this is equivalent to E hat equal to one over to be V plus S star. So now, now what, what you have to do is to use this, this equation here and connect it with with this with this equality here, because everything in the end must be a function of E alone. So we have, we have many, many things in in the game we have S star, which is a function of E, he had you through this equation, but we also have V of S star, which is connected to a star by this equation. So we need to find a clever way to put to put these three elements together. And the best thing you can do is to rewrite this, this expression in using this simple term in the following cubic equation, which is the source of all problems. And here, so you have a cubic equation where a is one plus Sigma square over to E hat. So the connection between V and an E hat is via cubic equation that unfortunately we cannot solve in general in the full space of parameters, and also we cannot, we cannot study very, you know, I mean, we can solve it of course but we get a messy, messy expression that is not very, very illuminating. And also, we cannot analyze bounds, because we know that the be for example must be positive because of the way we have defined, defined it and this this bound is very hard to to read off from from this equation in terms of, of, of here. So what you have this final result, which is first final result in the second final result is the expression for L expression for hell, which is here. The only one that I erased. This is an alpha missing. Yeah, yeah, just just here. Yeah. Okay, yeah. So yes and you were right. Thank you. Okay, now that I've corrected it I can erase it. I'm extremely concerned. Okay, so essentially the putting putting together all the elements that we have that we have here, including this cubic equation we have an expression for L of E, which I'm just reporting for completeness. So this is a large deviation function for the minimal loss, which is something that you can plot. But it's still not completely trivial to plot it because it is parametrically given in terms of this V function. The function is an implicit function of, of yet given by this, by this cubic. Okay. So, so, so you need to solve to solve them together. Okay. Yeah, V is given in terms of V and and then you have. The plot in, of course, as a minimum which is also a zero at E mean, which is the average value of E mean over M. It is the, the quantity that we have computed at the end of the previous.  The problem is that first problem we don't know the range of validity in, in, in E, because there will be some, some conditions on on the positivity of V that comes from this cubic equation and this is this is very hard to find it in it hasn't been done. Right. So, this, this equation imposes the fact that V is a function of E hat. But we have a constraint on V, because V must be positive. Remember that V was this object. So a constraint of positivity on this object imposes a constraint on may impose some constraint on on E hat. Yeah. So there is an argument. There is an argument of like sign sign permanence. So you can follow one group from a couple of limiting, limiting results that you that that are known. So, so you use an argument like perturbed the perturbed your argument where you switch off one of the parameters I don't remember exactly, but then, then you add it up like that's more small one and then this is by continuity you follow one of the solution. Sorry. Yeah, it's a continuity argument. Yes. So, so there is, there is a constraint that that we cannot, we cannot work out very, very easily from the cubic equation, like from the sign. I know that in principle everything can be done. It's the cubic equation is not but that with so many parameters in there. It's, it's, it's hard to find them very explicit result. So we have a second second problem potential problem here, which is, I discussed with many of you already, which is that for for a very similar problem for which the very same approach was was used. So this is a paper by Fyodorov and and let us all on this quadratic quadratic form, plus magnetic field type of symmetry breaking term. The minimization of this problem leads to a rate function obtained using this this method that has been proven correctly but only up to a certain point, and then this pulled after a certain point. This was passed by them bow and say to me, who proved that in this very similar result that uses the same technique. The rate function computed using replicas is correct up to certain point, but then they regularly correct result is is another following another branch. So we don't have the corresponding rigorous result for this class of problems and that's what we really miss, because it will be very important to have another comparison. This is one of the first example that examples that I know, where a full are full replica symmetric calculation on pretty much, you know, quite with mild assumptions, I would say, is rigorously disproven, at least in a range of in a range of the final rate rate function and we don't know exactly what what went wrong in this in the process. Yeah. In for this problem, it is, it is certainly quadratic. So this this has been done. It has it has gotten Gaussian fluctuations around around E mean for this problem. I'm not entirely sure about the problem with field reference to solve by. I would imagine so so this, this is done in in Russia's thesis the expansion around the minimum. So yes, that's, that's, that's possible to do it is an easier. It is an easier thing to check, of course, but yeah, so I think I hope I convinced you that that this is a very rich problem that can be tackled from different angles we have a non trivial results on the fact that that even under complete system in presence of non linear constraints can be incompatible, and we have a puzzle, a potential puzzle. Of course, it's so I urge rigorous people that are listening to, to try to tackle this problem because we really need a second example where that confirms or disproves this this calculation even for a tiny, even if for for a tiny region of the, of the face space. So, with this I conclude, of course take any any question and just let me say it's been real thrill and a great privilege to be to be here and well I hope that you've enjoyed it, at least as much as I did. Okay, thanks very much.


Good day. This is Bob Pond. I'm going to be presenting on how to use the WHO data quality tool. We have shared with you the document that you see here, which is a guide on how to use the WHO data quality tool. And it includes a lot of screenshots that take you through step by step how to practice exactly what I'm going to be presenting on. You see at the beginning of the guide there is a URL where you can log into a special instance of DHIS2 even after this academy. If you log in there, use the demo, use the username and password that are on the login page, then even those who are not here at the academy should be able to practice these steps. In this first presentation, I'm going to cover how to use the completeness dashboard. Then we will go over the consistency time dashboard and onwards with the various sections that you see here in the table of contents of the tool. So without delaying further, let's take a look at this special instance of DHIS2, which has been set up for you to practice data quality assessment.


Well, shifting to the diamond fresh off a program best third place finish in the conference tourney last season. PSU softball is ready to prove people wrong. Once again in 2018, they returned some key starters mixed with fresh faces ready to battle it out in the NSIC pick to finish 13th in the conference this season. BSU will once again embrace the underdog role, but they're ready to prove people wrong. 13 was a number in the locker for quite some time after that came out and you know it's it's we got to prove him. Being the underdog that's I mean good place to be you get to prove everyone wrong. They don't expect you to be there. You show up, surprise them, play well and then they're gonna start to pay attention to you. The beavers aren't even 11 and 11 heading into the conference part of the season but are starting to hit their stride at winning four of their last five. Any games we've lost we've learned from they've been close so each close game you learn from what you did wrong work on those mistakes so hopefully the wins keep tallying up. And the biggest question mark coming into 2018 replacing Jess Yos in the circle but in steps the North Dakota Gatorade player of the year Steffi Doolim who already leads the team in wins ERA and strikeouts. Every single time I go into the circle it's brand new ending new pitch new whatever so every single time I just try to think about just throwing strikes making sure that at least get around the plate so that the people behind me can back me up. But it's no secret if the beavers are gonna build off last year success and win games it's the offense that needs to set the tone. We're kind of changing the focus of being a team that we would go with two to one victories or three to one victories to now saying we're gonna have to score some runs. We're gonna put up you know if we can put up five six runs a game we're gonna be in a lot of these games. If we get our bats going and we all tally or rally them up together it goes really well so it just takes starting that fire and then we're gonna keep it. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland news please consider making a tax deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Simple step-by-step ClickBank success manual. In this video, I'm gonna tell you all about ClickBank, the largest affiliate marketplace in the world. I've been selling on there for years. I've sold my own products, I've sold other people's products. It's awesome. In this video, I'm gonna show you how to make money on ClickBank with zero investment. You're gonna love this. I'm also gonna show you the top three ways that you can promote and offer on ClickBank without spending any money on ads. Hey, I'm JR Fisher. I've been selling online since 2009. I've sold millions of dollars of both physical and digital products and I've been selling on ClickBank for years. As a matter of fact, I'm a ClickBank Platinum member. Now on my channel, I'll show you how to start, run and grow your online business. Now don't forget to like and subscribe to my channel right now before you forget. At the end of this video, I'm even gonna give you a free e-commerce course just for sticking to the end. Have you tried affiliate market and were successful or worse yet, you failed? Put your comments below. Let me know what your experience has been. I'd love to see them. So in this video, I'm gonna show you how to use the number one affiliate marketplace in the world and more importantly, be successful at it. Don't forget at the very end, I'm gonna give you free access to my e-commerce course which teaches you the things we do to earn millions of dollars a year online. Now let's jump right to it and let's get into ClickBank. Okay, so here we are at ClickBank and I wanna show you around a little bit first but the very first thing you want to do is go up here to where it says create account and click on that button and you're gonna wanna fill this format here. It only takes you a minute or two. You're gonna put your personal information in here and then you're gonna put your banking. Obviously, ClickBank is gonna pay you so you have to have a bank in there so they know where to pay you at, okay?  Now, there's a couple countries that are blocked. I know Nigeria and I think one or two other countries but unless you're in one of those countries, you'd know it so that's not a big deal. Once you do that, you wanna come back to the main screen, you wanna go ahead and log in. Once you're logged in, you wanna go to the marketplace which is right up here. You'll also see the marketplace on the homepage and this is gonna look a little bit confusing to you in the beginning but stick with me, okay? Because it's really simple and once you get working through this, you're gonna love it and it's gonna make you a lot of money so you wanna make sure you do that. Now, here's the cool thing. This process that I'm gonna show you right now, there is no investment, okay? It doesn't cost you anything to get started and all the ways we're gonna go out and promote also don't cost us any money so that's super cool. Now, if you notice off to the left here, you have all these different categories, arts and entertainment, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, as seen on TV. The ones I like are business and investing, okay? And the ones particularly I like in here are small business entrepreneurship. That's a really good one there. General cannot be bad too but those are good categories. So then what we're gonna do, let's go ahead and pick one of these categories first off. We'll go with this one right here. And I'm just gonna kinda show you how to work your way around in here. All right, so let's check this out first off, okay? They've got all these different courses. What course do you promote?  I mean, you know, there's so much in here. It's kinda difficult to really figure out what's going on but I'm gonna explain it all to you and you're gonna understand this. It's not gonna be a problem. Now, you have a couple choices up here on how you're gonna sort, popularity, average sale, initial sale, average percentage, total rebuild. And when it says rebuild, what that means is somebody's gonna pay a fee to one of these companies and then they're gonna bill them again and again and again every month, and which is good for you because every time they bill them, as long as they have it set up that way, you're gonna get a percentage of what these people are paying, which is cool as heck. Now, you would think popularity would be the best but that's not necessarily the case. What we want is something with a high gravity. What gravity is, is the total number of affiliates that sell that product per month, okay? So let's take a look at one of them here. This has a gravity of 30.4, so that means 30 affiliates a month are selling this product. Now, that doesn't mean there's 30 products sold. So one affiliate could be responsible for 100 or 500 or 1,000 sales. So the higher this gravity number, the better off you are. So that being said, let's go up here and we will sort it by gravity, which I don't know why they had that as a last choice on there, it should be the first choice. So this one here, let's look at this one, gravity happens to be popularity too. The gravity is 30.74, so that's pretty good. Life coach here, gravity is 11. And you can just go through all these and look at them and we could pick different things on the side here to do sorting and get real picky about it. I'm not gonna worry about any of that right now. But let's just look through here. Some of the best things to offer are always gonna be financial stuff. Those are always, always, always good. And down here, computers and internet, this has become a really good area now too. Networking, operating system, softwares. Another really good area is e-business and e-marketing, okay? So this is a really cool area to be in here, social media marketing, SCM and SEO. There's just a lot of really cool stuff in here. So let's just pick one of these. I'm gonna go with SCM and SEO. SCM is search engine marketing and search engine optimization. Now, if you look at some of these, I mean, look at this one here, average sales $947, which is crazy, right? Now, they'll give you 25% of that sales. So if you get a few of those sales, you're doing good. Now, if you don't wanna pick a category, here's kind of a cool trick that you can do. You can go up here to find products and you can type in one of these things or you can just put in nothing. And if you put it in nothing and hit enter, these are the ones with the highest gravity. So if you look at this one here, the Cinderella solution, look at this, gravity is 426. That means there's 426 affiliates every single month that is selling this. That is insane because each one could be selling 100 or 1,000 or 10,000 of these.  The problem is everybody goes after that. So you may wanna drop down a little bit.  It still has a gravity of 223. So that's pretty cool. Keto resources, Keto's a big thing nowadays. So once you found one that you think is gonna be good, you wanna kinda check into it and see what they have available to you. So what we do here is you have the actual sales page. So let's look at that real quick. This is the sales page for Keto resource. What's the difference between success and failure on the Keto diet? This looks very scientific. The second woman was also strict at first. So what makes a difference? And this is kinda their sales page right here. And then they go through all the different things they have available. So this is actually the page that you would be sending somebody to if they bought it. And you can see here, it's on sale for $37. Discounted price, which will be helpful to you later on when you're marketing this because you can say, hey, I can give you a discounted price. Now, if we go back to it, right here, there are most, any good offering on ClickBank's gonna have what they call an affiliate page. So these are your resources for selling this. So we can click right here. And it tells you right here that you get 75% commissions, which is pretty darn good, okay? And then if we scroll through here, it's got all your terms and conditions and facts and all that. New VSL, let's take a look at that one and see what that is. A VSL is a video sales letter. So when it says VSL, what they're basically saying is when the people land on this page, there's gonna be a video that will sell it to them. And we can click on it and play it. Amazon is raising its minimum wage to $15 an hour. Amazon is raising the minimum wage. It's $15 an hour. Well, big news that they Amazon are raising. So they've taken a little news clip and put it in here and then I'm sure they're gonna get into their program. So yeah, that's what they've got. They've got this little video sales letter. Now, what they also are gonna have is gonna have this affiliate page right here. So let's check that out. And on the affiliate page, they even have a VSL for you, but here's the cool thing I wanted to show you. They have YouTube video ads, they have free league magnets, they have keywords and banners, JV email swipes.  That's the cool thing about it. You don't have to do that. They're also telling you you can earn up to $197 per sale and they go through all their facts and get your email swipes and all this good stuff here. So to participate in one of these things, all you gotta do is generate your affiliate link. And what happens when you actually generate an affiliate link, what happens is that you actually have a link that looks something like this here, right? And this link here will give you credit. Every time you put that link somewhere and somebody clicks on it and buys, it's gonna give you credit. So that's pretty cool. So that's, this is the email swipes right here is the banners, it's showing you where the banners are right there. They also tell you the keywords if you're trying to put keywords in for anything you're doing, they give you that. So you could use one of these video ads right here and you could make money off that. So they've got this all set up for you. So it's really super cool how you could do this. Now, the top areas that you wanna stick around, I would say our business health and fitness are very, very good. Crypto and stock trading is good. Software, like maybe you were an affiliate for ClickFunnels, that's not on here. But there's so many things you can do out there and market these things and make money and that's what we wanna do. We've gone through what ClickBank is and I've explained these affiliate links to you. And the next thing I wanna talk about is traffic, okay? Because yeah, it's good to have a product and it is good to be able to market the product, but where are you gonna get customers from? Okay, that's the tough thing, where do you get your customers from? So what we're gonna do is I'm gonna look at a few things here. The first thing I'm gonna do is I'm gonna look at Pinterest, okay? Okay, so I'm now at Pinterest and if I were to pick, if I were to search, let's say here, weight loss. That's a huge area, it always will be, okay? And I look at this, you're gonna find that people are posting a lot of stuff in here that are affiliate links. So let's just pick one of these, lose 50 pounds quickly. So when you click on that, you see the picture of this woman here and there's a link right here. Now you can do the same thing by using an affiliate link from ClickBank and you're about to find out how to lose 50 pounds.   It certainly does. And I would be interested to know if this is a ClickBank offer. All you gotta do is scroll to the bottom. It's owned by this one person here, but that's okay, it doesn't matter. You can do your affiliate offer and this is exactly what this is. This is exactly what they're doing. So you can go to Pinterest and you can put these same links in yourself, right? So let's go back and look at some of the other weight loss ones that are in here.  Oh my goodness. Let's look at this one. This is Foodie Whale, they call it. And if you wanted to go here and check it out, let's see what they got. And what they've done here is kind of, it looks like a blog type thing, 10 reasons why you're not losing weight. And if you scroll through here, they wrote this big long blog, which you can write a blog on your site, right? Easy to do. And as you scroll through here, it gives you all these helpful things. And I would bet at the end somewhere, there's gonna be a link. Let's just check this out, okay? And they've got a lot of different posters and banners in here. So at the end, they offer this free guide and we'll just put in any email in here. So I've just gotten on their list. And what's happened now is they've sent me to an offer to lose weight, what do you know? And if you scroll through here, I can buy this for $47. So this is exactly what I'm talking about. What they've done is they've put something on Pinterest. When you go to it, they've got a little article which you can put an article on your website or you can just make a website real quick through wordpress.com. And wordpress.com is free, wordpress.org. You're gonna have to get hosting and all that. You don't really own anything on wordpress.com, but you can do that. So you get all these different things here for $47. And I'm curious, let's just click on one of these buttons here. And then we click here, yes, I want this and there's your checkout right there. So all of this will be built in Clickbank. All you have to do is make an affiliate link, post it on Pinterest, and then send them to a page with a little article so they can click and get more information and then they're gonna end up going to a sales page, which is really your affiliate link. So you don't have to worry about building sales page or anything like that. Another great site to go to is Quora. Now what is Quora? Quora is a question, kind of like blog thing, but it's on everything you can imagine. So if I were to go to the top here and type in weight loss, it's gonna pull up all kinds of questions about weight loss. Now look at this one here. It's got 755 people on this one right here. And what's the best weight loss diet, okay? So if I click in here, what you do is you can go in here and answer some of these people's questions. You can say, hey, I had trouble losing weight and I wanted to lose some weight and I never really could do it until I found this one thing and it really helped me out a lot. You may wanna check it out. And then you put your affiliate link. And if you look through here, you're gonna see a lot of these. Like this guy here's got a picture of himself. Sure enough, here it is. He's saying that this is the place to do it. Now what he's done is he's put an Amazon link in here, okay? So he talked all about how healthy he got and then he put an Amazon link. So this guy here is talking about how he teaches people to lose weight and he's given these recipes and all this, which obviously he's copied and pasted. He's not writing this every time, but he does have a link here. So let's check out the link and here he is. He's got his page, but he's selling all kinds of stuff. Okay, so it's a little bit confusing. But the bottom line is you can use any one of these links for a affiliate product on Clickbank and just post on Pinterest, simple and easy. Now let's go to another place. Let's go to YouTube, which would be your third place. We've talked about blogs and articles. We've talked about Pinterest and we've talked about Quora. Let's go to YouTube now. And see what we got there. So YouTube, there's an interesting one here. It's got 264,000 views. And what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna go down in here and if you notice, he talks about losing all this weight or she talks about losing all this weight and then she's got a link right here. So let's click this link and this is where you would put your Clickbank link. So you would do a little video right here of whatever you wanna talk about, weight loss, if that's your thing. And this link here, let's see if they're trying to sell anything. They sure are, she's trying to sell Home Chef. So you can also use YouTube.  You can also put these in blogs. You can also put these in articles. And you don't wanna spam. That's one thing that a lot of people get into when they first start doing affiliate marketing is they tend to spam. They wanna just post the link everywhere and say, go buy my stuff and it doesn't work. So don't do it, it doesn't work. Okay, so I found this one blog right here and it's about a salad. Let's go down to the bottom and check it out to see what we got going on here. See if there's any comments. Yes, there's 12 comments. Now this is brand new. So since this is brand new, there's not gonna be that many comments yet and that's when you wanna get in there. That's why you wanna sort it in Google maybe in the past seven days. And as you can see, there's already some comments in here. And if you notice, it looks like some other people are doing the same thing. Great recipe, I never managed to lose weight easily until I found this plan. Now I promise you, this person has put a link for some affiliate product. Let's check it out, there it is. So what they've done is they put a link to a product and it's a VSL and let's see here, Eat Sleep Burn, okay? So let's just get out of this for a second. Let's see who else is doing this. Now this tells you it works right here but they wouldn't be doing it. This salad is amazing. Thank you for sharing this article. So when you write this, you cannot write it in a spammy way like check out this diet, it works. You have to actually write something in here that makes sense. It takes five minutes, okay? But you're gonna spend hours putting spammy stuff and getting zero results. So spend five minutes and write something decent. There's also, there's also I wanna share, okay? So it's not written correctly. How I lose weight effectively. I hope it helps others to struggle to lose weight. I think they mean who struggles to lose weight. So this is written very poorly. But let's just click on their link and see what they're doing. What do you know? It's a VSL and they're selling something else. And by the way, I just noticed at the bottom of this, this is a click bank one right here. So other people are doing this. This works, okay?  You can do these blogs. There's a lot of different ways where you can actually post these links and make money. So it's not that hard to do. Cost you zero to do it.  Take away two TV shows, right? Take away two hours of your evening and do this every night. And I think you're gonna be pretty happy with the results. So there you have it. You've got a guide now to where you can make money online with ClickBank without investing any of your money. Now don't forget to like and subscribe to my channel. So important, click that little bell there. If you click the bell, you'll actually get notifications each and every time I do a new video. Like I promised you in the description right below there, there's a link to my free e-commerce course. You can grab that course and get started today. Thanks for watching the video and I'll talk to you soon. Hey, thanks for watching my video. Don't forget to subscribe to my channel and click that little bell right there so you can be notified every time I do a new video. Also, click on one of those videos there. Keep watching on my channel.