Remember when extreme rules was actually somewhat extreme remember when extreme rules Actually was a decent pay-per-view and not relegated to the trash that it is now Remember when extreme rules was actually just called extreme rules and not the horror show at extreme rules Yeah, I remember What's good job your boy Ross back at again with another video, so I Checked out the horror show at extreme rules last night. Um Yeah Didn't There was questionable stuff. I think the best match for me was the The tables match. I enjoyed that match for the most part Everything else I really didn't too much care for the Sasha Banks versus Oscar match I didn't like the ending on that that decision was It just it doesn't make sense Like I get it. You're trying to you know, maybe promote something from Monday night raw did Oscar win Did Oscar actually lose the championship his bait is Sasha now the champ like it's it's I Just don't care man. It's the booking decision. It just doesn't make sense The only reason why I'm even making this review because I want to talk to you guys about the I for I match I'm gonna be honest with you. I Really wouldn't look wasn't looking forward to this pay-per-view The only match I somewhat cared for it was two of them this match the I for I match and the Bray Wyatt versus Braun Strowman match which let me get into that real quick The cinematic Presentation of it was dope, but I think it is they're going to the well too many times when it comes to Putting on these cinematic matches if you're gonna do that It should still somewhat be a match of some sort or it should be some type of physical altercation It wasn't really much It was they were more so telling the story and it's just one of those things where it kind of got a little cringy for me And it was a waste of time because we all know it looks like they're booking the fiend versus Braun Strowman and it's like Okay, you know I'm saying this match was just to show off our our budget that that's all I really Saw from this match, so I didn't really too much care for me, but um This I for I match I Really was intrigued in the sense of Not looking forward to the match like I'm hype, but more so like Yo, this is it. This is a thing for example We've had the buried alive matches. We've had the buried alive and cement matches We've had casket matches. We have those hokey wrestling matches We've had the infernal matches cool. What else? But an eye for an eye match, bro Like I get the story Ray Mysterio got attacked by self-rolens and self-rolens did a pretty gruesome thing like Smashing his face and his eye into the steel step corner. I thought that was brutal as hell, but it's like Now you take it to a whole nother level now He's going to try to rip out your eye and that's the objective for you guys to rip out each other's eyes like Real eyeballs. I'm like, I don't even think That doesn't even make any sense. Like you can't put that on television That doesn't make sense like granny's on the WWE Network, but that's it doesn't make sense I'm confused.  They don't want wrestlers doing that They take concussions very seriously now But no will sanction a match where you got to take out the opponent's eye What could possibly go wrong like that doesn't know that idea of the match was cringy The only thing I wanted to see is how they were really gonna do this like are they really about to do some Some like what what hokey-ness what cringiness were they gonna do? Have you seen the thumbnail of this video? You've seen the cringiness and it sucks because the match by itself was pretty entertaining You know, of course, they were trying to tell the story of Each person doing whatever they can to injure the other person to get to the high and that's cool. Whatev's But when it came to the end of the match, bro And this this is where things just go off the rail for me Seth Rollins gets the advantage he pretty much does the same thing he did to him Did the same thing to Ray Mysterio did weeks ago. He massages his eye against the steps and then Ray yells in agonizing pain and Like I said, if you've seen in the thumbnail They have this God awful fake eyeball with like it's painted red at the end like that's supposed to imply that his eye Came out and I'm just like, oh It looked so bad It it looked so bad and then you have Seth Rollins throwing up Because he actually quarter-on-quote saw Ray Mysterio's eye pop out and I'm like wait a minute Shepha doesn't make sense. You know what this match was. Why are you throwing up?  I'm just be honest dog. It was just Come on man This is why wrestling isn't it's one of the reasons why people don't take wrestling serious When you have silly matches like this now I get it wrestling has always been just an exaggeration of Swords and even when I look back on the barrier the live matches and stuff Even though they were entertaining it's it's kind of hokey now and I get that we live in a different time period.  If I showed up this I hope This becomes one of the top 100 moves not top 100 moves, but the best moves of July.  Oh, yeah, that's awesome I don't know who the new guy is Seth Rollins, but I know who Ray Mysterious. Oh, I'm looking forward to it Yeah, well, what type of match is gonna be at extreme rules? It's gonna be a I for I match. What is that? Well, the opponent has to take out the other opponent's eye All right, I'm going home, bro and lose my number. Don't ever talk to me again fight.  I was like, what the hell is this outside of that, bro? It's just I Don't even know what to say Like I said, they kind of ruined my mood for the rest of the pay-per-view because I just couldn't believe they used a fake eyeball Painting it a little bit red at the bottom of the eyeball and they really was gonna sell this injury and Then they googled some stuff afterwards after the match they were doing some doing an update on Ray They googled some technical stuff. Basically, his optic nerve wasn't severed So he'll be able to see again still he'll still be able to see. Oh my god I really thought Ray Mysterio was gonna lose his eye Yeah, that that was Yeah, I don't I'm speechless at this point comment down below if you all enjoyed extreme rules Me for the most part. I ain't really too much care for it I it was I expected it to be a letdown and I didn't my expectations was met It was pretty much a letdown The only thing I truly enjoyed for the most part was the tag team match I enjoyed that the tag team table match. I actually enjoyed Sasha and Oscars match a little bit It was just the ending the ending of that match really annoyed me because I just I don't like that That just hokey makes no sense. This is wrestling and you can only pull this off and wrestling booking I just didn't care for the end and I thought that was I thought it was just a cheap way to get people to somewhat tune in to Monday night raw to see what happens and The eye for eye match It was what it was the match itself was good but the ending just it was just so cringe in my opinion and the The swamp fight whatever you want to call it Cinematically it looked great, but outside of that. I didn't really care and it didn't really matter None of that really mattered because we're gonna get them actually going in it in a ring probably a summer swim So none of this really mattered. This pay review shouldn't have even existed and let's not even get started on Dolph Ziggler Having everything in his advantage Having the rules in his favor. He could literally use whatever he wanted to to beat Drew McIntyre and Still lost the match.  There was no point of him even feuding with Dolph because it was Waste of time this pay review is the epitome of a horror show But not a good horror show a bad one. It's not one of those good horror movies It's one of the bad ones that you like, yo, I spent ten dollars going to the movies for this This was a waste of my time this pay-per-view was a waste of my time Comment down below if y'all enjoyed it. I didn't that's all I got brought it I appreciate y'all kicking it with me roll to 20k. I'm Jesus, bro This is why I haven't been watching WWE as much. I just haven't been watching the product as much because of the fringe pay-per-views garbage like this Appreciate you guys I'm out man


Well, I do want to appreciate you inviting me here today to talk. I'm actually in Bismarck, the Burleigh County has their soil health workshop today as well. And so I was down there this morning. So today I'm going to talk about nutritional quality of some of these selected annual forages using cover crops. And what I want to show you is some of the work we've done over the last four years where we did look at livestock performance. And we did have nutritional quality analysis done on a number of these plant species. Some of these plants would have been planted as monocultures or that have been planted within a cover crop or cocktail mix. And so what I want to do is show you a little bit about the quality you're looking at and where they fit. One thing I should remind you is that most data I'm going to show you is was designed or is designed for late season fall grazing. So most of these would have been seeded in late June or July with the idea of getting about 60 to 70 days of growth before we graze it. So quality is really designed to provide a high quality feed for late in the growing season. So if you have any questions, I don't know, Carl, if you have any questions just jump in. Otherwise I'll go to the PowerPoint and you can follow along with me. Can you all see it fine? I'll take that as a yes. What we did on the study sites, we had a study area near Central Grasslands Research Station near Streeter. And a second one, we did a one year study up by Milo, north and west of Kandu. The Streeter study site, we looked at eight different forage types, either planted as a single crop or as a cocktail mixture crop. We did compare, most of our data on Streeter is compared with native range. Remember the philosophy on this is we are going to graze these crops from mid-October to mid-December. I'm not going to show you the results of that part of the study today. I'm going to concentrate on the nutritional status. We looked at some warm season crops. They were all seeded in early to late July. We had some spring seeded cereals. They were seeded in mid to late July. We did look at the brassicas. They were seeded in mid to late July. And we looked at a number of combinations of legumes. If you look at some of the recommendations, especially with NRCS funding, some of these cover crop mixes, they all require legumes in their cocktail mixes. We do struggle with legumes in our trials. We have a tough time getting legumes established with any kind of production value late in the season. I'll show you those numbers as we go through. At Milo, we did a one-year study with the county agent in Kandu. That was crystal martindom. We looked at 16 different annual forages, plus two separate cocktail mixes. We looked at four warm season annuals, eight cool season annuals, and four legumes. We had the same type of combinations here that we saw at Streeter, with the exception we added some winter cereals in this. These were planted anywhere from mid-May for the cereals to mid-July for the brassicas. And the winter cereals were seeded in early August. What I want to show you first is the forage production and costs. We can talk about nutritional status of many of these plant species, but you need to understand what the production potential is, as well as what the costs are when dealing with these plants. Some of these plants can get very expensive to establish, especially if the production is low. I'm going to show you some of the production and cost values to start with. I'm going to show you the Milo data here. We looked at 16 different species. This graph shows you the warm season grasses. You have foxtail millet as the top one. Then you have a sorghum sedan brown midrib, which is your second one. The third one is a foxtail millet German, and then a sedan grass, which is Piper. The bottom three are all spring cereals. We looked at oats, barley, and triticale. The second column shows you the pounds of production per acre. The third column shows you seed costs per acre. And the last column gives you the value of the seed cost to produce 100 pounds of forage. I would have done it by the pound, but then the numbers are pretty small, so I put it at a scale of 100 pounds. The most productive annual that we had in this trial was sorghum sedan, which is not unexpected. It produced about four ton an acre. It was actually a cheap grass to establish in terms of seed costs. You assume when we look at seed costs that your input cost should be the same no matter what you're planning. So we'll look across the board at seed costs. It costs us 15 cents to produce 100 pounds of forage for the sorghum sedan. Our cheapest mix, our cheapest species was foxtail millet, Siberian at just under three ton an acre at 12 cents per 100 pound. All of our grasses were fairly economical. One thing that will stick out here, of course, if you're looking for a cheap mix, that gives you the greatest amount of biomass produced. On this trial was the sorghum sedan, brown midrib variety, our plant species. If you look at our cereals, you know, we've been, the forage barley and triticales have been popular the last few years, but you'll see they're not the cheapest by far plant to incorporate into a mix. You're looking at the production across the oats. The barley triticale were virtually the same. Give or take 5,000 pounds. But you look at the seed costs on the barley and triticale at $35 an acre versus nine and a half dollars for the oats. So you're looking at a seed cost per 100 pounds of 21 cents for the oat, where you're looking at a 65 to 70 cents for the barley and triticale. It's a little tough to pencil out the barley and triticale in this trial. We found very similar results at Streeter when we looked at barley and triticale. Those two just right now seem to be a little bit too expensive. You don't get the bang for your buck on those two species. If you look at our legumes at Milo, we looked at four different legumes. We looked at a ford soybean, a hairy vetch, field peas and cow peas. And if any of you have been in the cover crop business the last few years, you'll notice that one of the more popular ones that's been pushed are the cow peas. We've tested cow peas two years in these studies. It is by far the most expensive legume in a mix, and it gives you the least amount of production among all the legumes. I'm struggling with the cow pea in these cocktail mixes. It's very hard to pencil it out. It costs us almost $12 per 100 pounds of forage produced for the cow pea in this trial. By far the most cost-effective legume is the forage soybean. It's an expensive legume at 50 bucks an acre, but we produce slightly under 3 ton an acre at 85 cents per 100 pounds. We did test the forage soybean in 2010 at Streeter in our cocktail mix and like most of our legumes, it was not very productive. When you see these warm season legumes in particular, but even with the cool season legumes, when you see them in July in a mixture, they just don't do very well. So the legumes are a little more expensive. The idea is to get some soil health benefits out of these legumes with nitrogen accumulation. However, if you're not producing the biomass, it's tough to do that in these trials. So you'll see the cow pea sticks out as not a very cost-effective legume. The last slide shows our other annuals we looked at. The top two are our turnips. We looked at the paus à turnip, which is your forage turnip, and your purple top, which is basically your bulb-producing turnip. The forage turnip is a little more expensive for seed costs. In this trial, even though our forage turnip produced more biomass, there was no difference in terms of cost per 100 pounds of forage produced at 36 cents. But if you're looking for a high-producing variety, you always go with the paus à turnip, because it's going to give you more above-ground biomass to consume. The theory under the purple top, of course, is it produced a large bulb that does give you divots in the soil. However, if you ever go to a turnip field the following spring, the turnips are virtually gone. They have a high nitrogen to carbon ratio. When they break down, there's hardly any carbon left. And even that big turnip, when it's looking at a diameter of about a foot, there's not a whole lot left. And so the benefit that is perceived from the purple top, I think is actually not there. I think you get more benefit from the paus à, because the bulb is smaller, but it's more of a tamperate. So you get a deeper soil profile that this root's going into. I don't have any data right now to show that. We're looking at that at street right now, looking at the soil health benefits. But right now, I lean towards the paus à, because it gives me more of a viable feed source for the cows. If you look at our best cocktail mix, it was cocktail mix number one at 61 cents per 100 pounds. That mix was a turnip, radish, oats, millet, harry betch combination. If you look at our cocktail mix two, it was twice as expensive, and that's because we had cow pee in there, and we also went from oats to triticali. We doubled our cost, but had no difference in gain in terms of pounds produced. So when you look at these cocktail mixes, it's critical to look at your costs on these so you don't get too expensive. Radish, of course, is the other popular brassica used in these cocktail mixes. Produced by itself, about 1700 pounds an acre. Costs about 20 bucks an acre if you do it by itself. And it comes about a buck 18 per 100 pounds. There's a reason we don't promote radishes as a plant by itself. It costs you more. It's cost effective as a turnip. It makes a really nice addition to a cocktail mix because you only put it in a pound in so your cost is low. In the ratio when you get that long tuber that gives you some punching through the soil profile, if you need to have areas where you need to look at pans, kind of break through pans, the radishes work phenomenal in those scenarios. Our last two are our winter cereals, winter rye, winter triticali. This did a little deceiving because we only took the fall production off of it. Obviously, if you're going to look at the winter cereals, you want to use them in the following spring. We produced about 1000 pounds in the winter rye and about 1500 pounds for the winter triticali. If you're looking for a winter cereal strictly for fall use, the triticali or winter wheat are superior for production compared to the winter rye. It's true of most literature in the Northern Plains. You're looking for something to carry over the following spring. For biomass produced, the winter rye is superior in terms of overall production for the two seasons. It will be the most cost-effective among the two. You see 30 bucks per acre versus 50 pounds. The trick with the ryes, you have to understand the value of what you're going to put following that rye for a crop. Ryes do have an allopathic chemical in the plant that can affect the growth of the following crop. You should not do a warm season annual following winter rye. They don't do very well. Corn in particular, even your sorghum stands, in one of our trials, even our turnips didn't grow real well following rye. So if you're going to go with certain species, you need to know when to plant rye and when not to. Any questions on that? Because that's usually a common question I'll get on when to use which cereal for a winter cereal. I kind of highlighted these costs. The winter rye, winter triticali is about three to three dollars for 100 pounds if you just look at the fall use of it. The last set of data here on production is the stuff from Streeter. This is an average of the four years of this study. Our foxtail millet is our most producing annual in a single crop system at about 4,000 pounds on the average. I should make a point that our Streeter trial is on marginal crop ground. It's basically a shallot or gravel, gravel soils with some slope. So they're designed to look at this crop ground that doesn't produce very good crops. So we're looking at alternatives to get more money off this resource. The Milo study site was actually a really nice loamy soils, pretty good soil producing land. Our turnips produced on an average of about 3,000 pounds. The difference was about 20 cents for the millet, 24 cents for the turnips over the four years of this trial. Our cocktail mixes, because of the cost of the legumes, was almost twice as much or was twice as much of a cost compared to the annuals in this trial. What we've been trying to do over the years is try and cheapen up our cocktail mix to make it more cost effective for the producer while producing some kind of soil health benefits as well. And the struggle has always been the legume to put in there. You look at our native range, we average almost 3,000 pounds per acre on our native range in this trial. So from there I want to look at nutritional status and there's a series of slides. And they kind of follow each other the same format. We're looking at our nutritional status. I'm going to show you two slides from Milo, and they're kind of noisy slides, but you should build up with the handout and look at it. You'll see what I'm trying to do here. What I'm showing you in this slide is the crude protein value of all of the species we looked at. And so your left is percent crude protein value from zero to 30%. The bottom is the species that we looked at. And then the blue line is basically the minimum requirements of a 1,200-pound non-lactating cow as designed for that second trimester when she'd be grazing. And if you look here, those areas that are at the adequate level would be your warm season crops, your millet, your sedan grass and sorghum sedan. As they cure out from a hard freeze, they tend to be kind of marginal just above the requirements of a lactating cow. And in our trials at Streeter, we found that they were also the poorest in terms of livestock performance throughout the four years. The cows still gained weight on the warm seasons just that it didn't do quite as well compared to the cool seasons. You look at our turnip, which is our next one there. We're over 20% protein on our turnip on this trial. Our radish was about 18%. And then your legumes range anywhere from 20% to 25%. The exception of the forged soybean is a little more fibrous. And that's added about 14%.  That's the value for that late fall grazing at about 20%. To follow up on that, we didn't do energy at Milo, but we did do fiber content. And my blue line here is designed to show 30% fiber. And the reason I have that in there is, obviously, as you have a functioning rumin, you need to have enough fiber for that rumin to function properly. And one of the flaws of the brassicas is they're very high in water. They may be high in nutrition, but they don't have a lot of fiber. They may not supply fiber to these species, or you're going to have some digestive problems with these cows. You'll see the fecal tissue will be very loose and runny. And it's something that we recommend if you have turnips by themselves to provide a straw-based diet with it. And I'll show you some of the data on the turnips in the next slides here. The other ones that tend to be low in fiber are those winter cereals for fall use. You see, we're looking at about 27% fiber content on winter rye and triticale. And so you can have some issues with bloat as well. But they're kind of marginal for fiber content, and just something you need to be careful with. And if you're feeding on a monoculture of these species, that you need to have some fiber with them. And these kind of point out in these slides, and you'll see where they're kind of marginal for fiber content. And eventually, as they dry down, as they freeze down, the dry matter does increase. And I'll show you on a slide a little later on the turnips in particular. So I want to start with the turnips. They tend to be one of the more popular annuals we're using today in our cocktail mixes. This is a picture of purple top to your left, Pajaw to your right. If you look at it from a roadside, they look the same. There's very little difference between the two turnips until you walk into the field. And there is a little bit difference in the leaf structure. The Pajaw turnip will have a much larger leaf in the purple top. And then of course, if you look at the bulbs, they're quite different in terms of the size of the bulb. Purple top gets its name because the bulb has a purple color at the surface where the Pajaw color is always white or creamy in color. Here's some pictures of to your left is purple top and to your right is Pajaw. If you just look at the base of the bulb itself, you can see how on the purple top there's just not as big a foliage base on that turnip. So you can see it's put a lot of energy to the bulb versus the Pajaw. You can see the big leafy base on that Pajaw turnip. It has a nice long taproot. And I prefer the Pajaw over the purple top in a livestock grazing scenario. If you look at the nutritional status of the turnip, this is an average of the four years of the Central Grasslands Research Station. All my graphs look the same from now on. This is a crude protein graph. To your left is percent protein. To the bottom are the dates. We collected every two weeks while the cows were on pasture. The blue bar will always represent the minimum requirements of a dry cow on an average of 1,200 pounds during your second trimester. The gold bar will be the quality of the plant. In terms of the turnips, you see the turnips maintain that quality throughout the grazing season. One of the few species that will not decline as it senesces, because it doesn't senesce very well. It maintains leaf tissue very well throughout the season. We averaged about 14 to 15 percent from the 1st of October to the 1st of December for this plant. So you can see why it's popular in these mixes. It provides a high quality feed source for these livestock. If you look at energy content, this is a very high energy plant. We're looking at 85 to 90 percent energy. This is an in vitro dry matter digestibility. Very high nutrition. It's very similar to corn when we start in terms of 90 percent in the first part of October. So you'd expect these cows to gain weight on turnips. And on our trials, over the four years of our study, our cows typically gain two to two and a half pounds a day on these turnips. And it wouldn't be uncommon to see over a 60 day period them to gain 100 to 150 pounds and put on a full condition or condition score on this trial. Now 2010 was a little bit odd in that we had a lot of snow from about the 1st of November on. And our cows did not perform as well in 2010. We only averaged about a pound a day gain in 2010. They still gained condition, about a half a condition score, but they didn't do as well as 07 through 09. So you're going to have to deal with these weather conditions and some of these scenarios. If you look at calcium dephosphors and these slides might be a little difficult to read, some of them are going to clarify them for you.  The gold bar is calcium and the top bar is actually the calcium content. The bottom dotted bar is the minimum requirements of a dry cow. The pink bar is phosphorus so the solid line is the phosphorus content and the dotted line which is very close to the minimum requirements of the gold one is the minimum requirements for phosphorus. The brassicas are extremely high in calcium at almost 3.5% calcium throughout the whole grazing season. That's even higher than most of our legumes will ever achieve. If you look at the minimum requirements it's 0.15. So it's a very high quality in terms of calcium. It's also produced about 0.4 to 0.5% phosphorus in the diet and we're almost too full what the requirements are for these cows. So the calcium dephosphors, I was a little bit worried about the calcium dephosphors ratio on these plants but it's still about 8 to 1 ratio so we're in a nice safe range of what I call the upper end range for calcium dephosphors ratio. As we look at the turnips this is one of the few ones that you need to deal with this fiber issue and what this graph shows you is the foliage composition and the root composition of the turnips. And to your left you'll see the foliage composition of purple top over the two years of this study averaged about 30% of its growth occurs above ground which means on an average 70% of this plant puts its energy to bulb production. If you look at the pausage on an average it's 60 to 70% of its growth is above ground so 30 to 40% is put its energy towards the bulb. So you can see it does produce most of its energy above ground. If you look at to your right is the dry matter composition of the foliage. So you have 0 to 70% dry matter on October 4 for the two years our dry matter was 18% to start. That's extremely low for a single diet for these cows. By the third week in October we're about 20% and as we got a hard freeze that dry matter increases dramatically by the first week in November we're at about 45% and by the end of November we're at 60% dry matter and we feed free choice barley straw to these cows while they're on turnips and they will eat a lot of straw for that first two weeks. By the mid-November they graze very little of the straw they feed on very little of the straw and their diet is almost solely turnips. So you can see the value of that whether you add a standing residue for them to graze you need to add a residue or a fiber content for at least two weeks after a freeze then the dry matter is high enough where they're fine without it. So if you look at these numbers this kind of this is the O9 purple top versus Paja and you can see we produce about 45% more above ground foliage on the Paja versus the purple top. The big thing that NRCS was really high on was this below ground biomass production purple top produced on our studies an average of 270% below ground biomass compared to the Paja and so you can see why it was popular I still think they're missing the turnips from there I'm going to talk about the radish the radish is a very popular one using the cocktail mixes one thing about the turnips I didn't talk about but you know our turnips get about 60 days of growth before a hard freeze and we never see any flowering on these turnips however the radish will start to flower at about 30 to 40 days and you see in this picture here you got a flower a bolt of a flower usually occurs to mature out and of course the popular part of the radish is the bulb or this long carrot like tuber which grows about half of its growth is below ground and about half of its growth is above ground if you ever have any whitetail deer in your area the whitetail deer absolutely love the radish and they will seek this out they usually bite the top off and they graze that radish into the ground before they go it's also very similar to the brassic to the turnips in terms of its nutritional status our protein value ranges from 14 to 18% across the growing season for some reason the radish actually increased every year except for one across the growing season in terms of quality and well above the minimum requirements of a dry cow you look at the dry matter digestibility once again very similar to the turnip at about 85 to 90% in vitro throughout the grazing season while we're on pasture here and last is the calcium to phosphorus ratio both calcium and phosphorus were well above the requirements of a 12 and a pound dry cow the calcium and the radish actually declines throughout the season from about three and a half to 2% of the plant material and it was consistent across the years most plants calcium actually increases as it matures radishes that actually declined the one that we've been studying the longest is the foxtail millet we actually had it in a swath grazing trial two years prior to our our standing crop trial our standing crop trial of course is designed to look at single cropping versus dual cropping to your right is some cows grazing a standing crop millet one of the flaws of these warms and crops is when they freeze down the palatability declines dramatically and we see a lot of waste on these on this plant we actually give them about seven to nine days of grazing with a hot wire that we move every seven to nine days try to try to minimize waste and the cows really do pick through this through these millets and we on our first year that we actually tested this we had about 40% waste of our millet in our trials compared to the turnips right about 18% waste our cocktail mixes we have about a 30% waste in the trials to look at crude protein value of foxtail millet look in our trials foxtail millet because it's not seeded till July it heads out very close to freeze up excuse me and so the dry down material stays above 8% throughout the grazing season it starts at about 10 to 12% in October on a really wet year in a long winter in the long summer months we've had it as high as 14% in the first part of October and it does decline as it freezes down from 11% on an average to about 8% on this trial but we're still well above the minimum requirements of a 1200 pound lactating cow you look at energy our energy starts on an average about 70% in October and declines to about the mid 50s by the first part of December still above the requirements of a dry cow you look at calcium and phosphorus our calcium content like most grasses it's quite a bit lower than the brassicas ranges from 0.35 to 0.45% of the plant tissue which is still well above the requirements of a cow like most grasses though our phosphorus become deficient when we start the trial the grass is still green and our phosphorus ran about 2.27% however by mid October we're already below the minimum requirements of even a dry cow and we maintain below the requirements throughout the rest of the grazing season in the mid December before they come into the lots it's questionable these cows can mobilize phosphorus for that short time period but just to something you will be deficient so if your cows come into these systems deficient you might have some long-term problems with phosphorus deficiencies and we'll let Carl talk about that later if we want to talk about deficiencies and how that affects the cows right Carl yes sir not a problem if we look around mid-ribs in 2008 primarily because I figured I could get more production or more bang from my buck compared to the millet so we added this in our cocktail mixes to give us some more producing a higher producing grass that should be more palatable late and also give me more quality because it's in the cocktail mix I can't tell if we're getting a better use of it it appears the cows are grazing it more readily than when we had the millets but the brown mid-ribs to give you a higher palatable plant so I'll show you what we have for numbers and if you look at the quality it does stand true from what we saw in the research on the brown mid-ribs our quality runs from anywhere from 12 to 14 percent protein compared to the 8 to 11 percent on the millets so we did get a higher quality diet here for the cows in reality they both met the requirements of the cows whether we get a higher quality diet it's kind of questionable but the costs were very similar in terms of pound produced to the cost that it cost to put it in if you look at the destability it's much more superior to the millets to the destability starting at 80 percent in October to about 72 percent by December 2nd remember the millets they were already at 70 percent in October and dropped down to the mid-50s by the first look at the calcium the phosphorus the sorghum sedan did give us a higher phosphorus content and we always were by the minimum requirements over the two years of our study or actually three years of data in the street trial also our calcium content was quite a bit higher you got to remember this is on the same ground so this plant is scavenging calcium better than the millet did from these soils and it's also doing better as well and millets are known to be pretty good scavengers for nutrients but I don't know if that's true when it comes to the minerals it might be probably better obviously with the nitrogen but the minerals they don't do quite as better as good as the sorghum sedans before I go in the legumes I forgot to put in the data sets on the serials which would be our oats Trita, Kaylee and Barley Central Grasslands Research Station annual winter handout which is going to be next week and we have those in there for the serials our serials since they're planted in July always were high nutritional value they run about 10 to 12 percent protein and about 60 to 70 percent digestibility throughout the grazing season and I apologize for that I should have had them in here but they do make a nice obviously a nice mix to put in these and they run into lately as strictly an oat and that's strictly a function of cost it's by far cheaper than Trita, Kaylee and Barley and it gives me a greater return on my cows in terms of a daily cost to feed these cows if you look at the legumes Kevin I've got a question here before we go on this is Tim up in Bodno on the sorghum sedan grass crosses how did you manage the prusic acid concerns after the frost was that a problem did you let the stuff dry down before you graze it what did you do with that it's a good question I've been asked that question because we used that you know we never let it dry down and in fact we're grazing by mid-October and in two of the years it was still green when they went to pasture but the sorghum sedan is seeded at four pounds an acre in the cocktail mix so it makes up about 15 percent of the plant and we have never had a problem with prusic acid toxicity and in fact what we've found is the cows actually don't select for that first they will select for if you have oats in the mix and the oats will be headed out they will select for the oats first they will then graze the turnips and they will select they will they will they will take parts of the sorghum sedan and so we thought about that and we've never had any problems with the sorghum sedan when it freezes down I've always been a cautionary when you freeze down you can get a higher concentration in the plant tissue but the plants are about two there are at least two feet tall Tim before they go on pasture and usually the recommendation on the sorghum sedans for prusic acid is two feet or more and my gut feeling is without having tested is my prusic acid is probably low enough anyway and that's a great question I think I might do in 2011 is actually test the sorghum sedan for the level of prusic acid and if a producer called me and asked me about that I would I would answer it the same way I would say be cautionary of the prusic acid potential or at least to make sure you got two feet of growth but we've been over the three years we haven't had any issues with it and we graze on the average go on Tim oh it might very well be then because it's incorporated in a mix do the selectivity of the grazing of the cows that they're going to the other stuff first and by the time they graze a frosted prusic acid plant it might have kind of dried down and cured out so to speak yeah although you know they're forced to consume seven to nine days so they'll have consume sorghum sedan in that first week because they'll they'll consume all of that we haven't consumed try to consume biomass then we move the fence so they would have graze the sorghum sedan in that first week I think the difference is the level that their consumption at any given time is small compared to the rest of their diet and so it's obviously being diluted down to some level even if it was high the consumption probably dilutes it down I'm guessing here Tim to some level but we've never seen even symptoms of it in the cows but those are all good questions and concerned questions and you know the literature also on the brown midribs is they tend to be lower in terms of crucifix acid as the older sorghum sedans as well so but I think next year Tim I think we'll do that we'll test those sorghum sedans to see what our level is thanks for the questions thanks for the questions we have to walk through security if you look at our legumes this is Calpe it's the winter annual warm season legume very popular in NRCS's mixes it is also our poorest quality legume bar none of all the legumes we've tested of course with this green its quality is about 15% but when that dries down it the quality crashes we're looking at about 7% by the late part of October and about 6.5% by the end of November it was our lowest quality legume in the trial if you look at the destability the destability becomes borderline by the end of October and it actually can become deficient late in the season on the flipping trial but it is very highly nutritious while it's green so if you're looking at planting these legumes and you're going to graze the Calpe obviously during the growing season this would not be a concern but if you're looking at a legume to graze late after a hard freeze this would not be a choice that I would select for look at calcium to phosphorus ratio like most of our legumes are going to be efficient in terms of the calcium and phosphorus both levels were above the minimum requirements throughout the grazing season do you really mess with their equipment because you're probably one of the more popular legumes used in the cocktail mixes today is the Harry Betts this is a cool season legume annual cool season legume often time is used in spring mixtures as well the beauty of Harry Betts is it re-grow is nice so if you can take a hard mix or your mix you can use it for late in the season the picture to your left is obviously a Harry Betts planner with a wheat into your bottom I believe it's Harry Betts planner with oats if you look at the nutritional status of Harry Betts it's by far superior to the cow pee 18% in the first of October to almost 13% in the end of November well above the requirements of lactating cow there are trials that show Harry Betts you'll also see it come back the following spring as well and some of these depending on how it's utilized look at the destability at average give or take about 70% throughout the grazing season you'll see most of these legumes we used once in our trials the reason for it was we were trying to find a legume that would fit the cow peas and regular soybeans were a bust it was cheap but it didn't produce a lot of biomass it became a weed the second year of our trial of course Harry Betts would use it no nine and that probably was our best option in 2010 we actually used ford soybean based on the results from Milo it appears to be the superior producing legume but like most warm season that didn't do very well in our cocktail mixtures when they were seated in July I didn't show you the ford soybean data Harry Betts in terms of quality if you look at calcium calcium was high in the Harry Betts and it did decline dramatically throughout the season of course phosphorus was very similar at 0.3 to 0.35 throughout the season in 2009 the last one what we did is compared with native range so we grazed these cows from mid-October to mid-December on native range as well and this was typical native range in the Catoa around the Central Grassland or June Grass Dominant so when we have some long winter or long fall cows have a very high nutritious diet until it freezes down and I'm going to show you the quality numbers here but one thing we did see on this trial is the cows did very well on native range in 2007 2008 and 2009 they averaged over two pounds a day gain also in this treatment in 2010 they were digging through snow a lot more but they still gained about three-quarters of a pound a day on native range the one treatment that was really a bust in 2010 because of the snow was the Foxtail Millet our cows actually lost on an average a third a pound a day and lost over three-quarters of a condition score in 2010 with the Foxtail Millet and so that it became risky when we had a lot of snowfall our cocktail mix did probably the best among all of them in terms of nutritional performance in 2010 because they gave us a better diversity of diet in 2010 but it was native range didn't do too bad as well however if you look at the quality of native range and this is a flaw of clipping data minimum requirements as you can see in the blue bar crew protein value in native range was adequate when we started the trial and became one in almost two points deficient in terms of protein however the cows gained weight on these treatments which tells you the cows are selecting for the green and I'm being around on this in the dryer the browner tissue no it's too late for that now okay Dave Dave could you mute your you're in 306 and you're it's bridge for 306 using the feed thanks Kevin I was on the phone to lend a macaw to try to get Dave to mute or somebody to mute that microphone hopefully they'll do it if you look at the percent the disability of native range once again that was deficient by the first week of the trial and stayed deficient throughout the season and traditionally we would typically say native range is not going to provide a high enough quality diet throughout much of the season but in our trials the cows actually did pretty good and last calcium is actually usually quite adequate for native range at 0.4 to 0.5 but if you see phosphorus here phosphorus is quite deficient on native range so most of the second half of the grazing season for native range in our trials we were already probably 30% deficient by the first of October and probably 100% deficient by the end of November and so phosphorus deficient will be an issue on native range I got just I'm going to end my talk I'm going to show you some pictures of single and dual cropping in 2008 to your left this is a turnip treatment and to your right is our dual cropping system which is Ford Marley with the turnips planted into him and what we found in our trials if you do a dual cropping system and you don't burn down that foxtail Marley or your oak germination is poor and success is terrible we produce about 10% of the biomass that we would have on the single cropping system so what we have figured out by 2008 is we have to burn down that crop once we harvest it look at this picture this picture shows you the fence line there on both sides would be the oat crop in 2009 and the green part is where we sprayed roundup and obviously the brown parts where we did not spray roundup and we did get a catch of course of the crop when we burn it down and actually in 2010 where we had an adequate moisture supply our dual cropping system our production on our second crop or our cover crop was almost as good as a single cropping by itself which made a very cost-effective as a dual cropping system but my point on the dual cropping systems if you don't have any moisture and your ground is marginal it is very risky to put a second crop on there because you're not going to get the return and if you do you need to spray that down so you kill that first crop or it will take the rest of the moisture out of that profile and you're going to have a poor germination of that crop so from there I can open it up for any questions if I have time I think the real issue are there any questions for Kevin? yes yeah please we got a question here Kevin at the Carrington RE Center Kevin did you notice any problems with volunteers the following year in certain crops or do I just suck at farming and don't know how to farm no I'm sorry I can't get my picture my face up here but the only volunteer we had was the Red Clover does Harry Betch because that comes back is that a problem? Harry Betch will come back the following year however in our trial you know we consumed we grazed that all off and because you're sitting it's fairly late we didn't see any volunteer Harry Betch well I mean we shouldn't say any but it was less than 5% volunteer in the Harry Betch the Red Clover we had almost 100% you know volunteer the next year but it's a biennial plant so I expected that on my mix so the only volunteer we had was the Clover Harry Betch to some small degree the rest of the plants we had very little volunteer we did have a little volunteer actually surprisingly of the Foxtail Millet because it does go to seed and we saw some Foxtail Millet to fall in here but it was less than 2% got a question up here about no yeah I was just wondering if you've looked at using malting barley in under your mixes and if you haven't why not just because it seems to be so much of a cheaper option than the Forge Barley that's a great question I absolutely agree with you you know we did the Forge Barley because the Forge Barley you know were popular in the late 90's into the 2000's and there was newer varieties released so we tested some of the Forge Barley varieties to see if the newer varieties were more effective but the cost is very prohibitive in my view and I think if I'm going to put a barley in there I would go with more of a traditional grain barley because your cost is much cheaper and if you look at some of the literature on the grain barley versus the Forge Barley there isn't much difference in terms of quality of the feed however the Forge Barley tends to be more productive but it's only on an average about 15 to 20% and it by no means covers the cost of the seed so if I was going to go with the barley economically wise I would go with the more of a grain barley good point any other questions? we have another question at Carrington Kevin can you just speak out loud what seed mix would you recommend to try another crop after barting for 2011? did you hear that? I did not Carl what? can anybody what seed mix would you recommend in 2011 to fall off after barley Kevin? after a barley grain crop or a barley Forge crop? barley grain one thing I've noticed when you're following an actual grain crop is your growing season is shorter and it's cooler and I've almost eliminated all warm season crops as options just because I don't know if they can pay for themselves but to me a good mix following that would be a turnip radish oats combination we put the sunflowers in all of ours because it's cheap and it gives a nice little diversity in there but I would go with the brassicas I'd go with oat or an oats because it's cheap a sunflower and if I'm going to put a legume in there which I'm still struggling on trying to find the right legume I would go with any kind of cheap legume that you can put in there trying to think of what else I'd you know to me that would be my cheapest and most productive mix if you want to go with the warm season you know I would probably go with a millet especially the Siberian millet because it requires the shortest growing degree days to produce a pound of grain it's about 50 days for the Siberian it's about 70 days for the common and then of course sorghum sedans about 70 to 80 days so if you want to put a warm season in there it would be a foxtail millet the Siberian variety and it's cheap can I answer your question? yes it did thank you are there any other questions for Kevin?


Tanglers, so a lot of my time as an outdoorsman is spent with my truck and right back here, whether I'm going fishing or hunting, but I do have a really nice camper that I can take at times and I enjoy that so much, but most of the time I'm towing a boat somewhere or maybe I'm taking a trailer with an ATV going somewhere. So I do end up camping a lot with just my truck. And over the years I've built up a system that I really like for truck camping. You know, I've got the cap on here, I've got a rack, I've got this nice pull down system right here that's kind of broken. I've had this on three different trucks, but I can store a lot of stuff in here and I've dialed it in to the essentials and things that just make life a little easier when you're camping in the outdoors out of your truck. And if you guys wanna see my personal truck camping kit that I've put together, comment down below. But in today's video what we're gonna do is we're going to tackle a budget build. We're gonna put together a kit, we're gonna go to Walmart and we're gonna see how much it costs to actually put together all the basic essentials that you need to get started camping in your vehicle.  So my goal is to get everything we need for around $150. Let's see if we can make it happen. We got our goodies, camp chair not included. By the way, that's a luxury item. If you're gonna do a lot of truck camping or vehicle camping, I definitely recommend getting a chair. A lot of campgrounds, they have picnic tables and all sorts of stuff like that. So we're going for the basics, but I was surprised. Walmart, low prices always. And there was some stuff in here I couldn't believe how cheap I got it. At the end of the day, I think we came out pretty good. So let's do some math. So let's start off with our cooking sources. This is arguably the most essential part of truck camping.  How are you gonna cook?  I usually camp places where you can harvest it out there or I have a lot of firewood here. So that is something to consider if you need to buy firewood. But I found this Ozark Trail product and I was actually impressed with it. And I went ahead and grabbed it because this is something that I'm gonna use. I'm gonna add this to my little kit. The nice thing about cast iron is it holds a teat really well. You know, it's gonna last really well. The downside is it is heavy, but if you're truck camping, you can afford the extra weight. So I went ahead and bought it. And the price on this, this was almost $23. But I would say this is well worth it. If you look at a lot of grates, they're a lot cheaper quality than this. You know, a lot of the Ozark Trail stuff, it's not the best. But this looked pretty well put together and it's hard to break a cast iron, right? I actually have more than one cooking source. So we can narrow this down even farther and make it a little cheaper. But I thought this was a really good one to have. And next up, we gotta have a fuel source. So we got some propane right here.  That was just a single burner, tabletop, easily storeable. Actually came in a pretty nice little case from Ozark Trail, but they didn't have any butane. You could always find these right here. So this is like the 308 of fuel sources. You're always gonna be able to pick this up somewhere. The butane, it's a little more iffy if they're gonna have it or not. And they actually, they sold the burners, but they didn't have the butane that fit into the burner. So I ended up not getting it. I'll show you my solution here in just a second. 50 feet of 550 cord, you gotta have some paracord. Whether you're using the grate to cook over a fire or you're using your burner source, you need a way to make a spark, to make a flame. And the easiest way to do that is with a lighter. And I found one for under $2. So the Ozark Utility Lighter, easy peasy. Now this one was pricey, but there is a lot going on in here. This is the GSI outdoor stainless steel one-person cooking eating set. And it's got a mesh bag, which you could use this mesh bag to hold all these things. You could also use it to dry out tenders and other things if you wanted to dry out for making fires. So I thought that was kind of a useful tool, just to have that bag as well. 30 bucks, but stainless steel is not cheap. And you get a lot in here. Maybe one of the most overlooked things is lighting. I mean, most of us, we have a flashlight laying around, some sort of light. This is one of the things I could not believe how cheap it was. This is the Ozark Trail LED headlamp. We're gonna plug this in and test it out. It's a hundred lumens, comes with the batteries. And it was under $4, just $3.98. I also carry a rechargeable LED light just to hang up on things. I have some working light, but basic essentials, you gotta have a headlamp. So that's the only light we got and it was a cheap one. Our last piece of cookware in the kit is going to be a cast iron skillet. Again, cast iron, it's heavy. I like cooking on it though. It holds its heat really well. It's just consistent. I don't know if there's a big difference between the Lodge brand and some of the other brands and this. This does feel a little bit thinner, maybe slightly lighter than a Lodge, but it's $15 for a 10 inch. If you go up to a 12 inch, which is what I usually carry around, so it was a little more expensive. It was over 20 bucks, but this right here, it's gonna fit on our grill really well and it's a nice piece of cookware that we can cook just about anything in. From steaks, eggs, beans, you name it, you can cook just about anything in this right here. Now the biggest thing besides cooking, our bellies are full. The biggest other thing in truck camping is gonna be sleeping. And you can spend a lot to try to get a good night's sleep. Arguably the older you get, the more money you're probably gonna spend to get a better night's sleep. But we're on a budget, so we decided to go with a hammock. Now hammock sleeping is actually my preferred method for right now, when we're in summer and going into early fall when nights are in the 80s right now and then we're getting into the 60s. When it starts getting into the 50s at night, that's when I'll switch over to like a pad or something. And you can still get some pretty cheap pads out there. If you have a truck with a truck bed that has open space and you wanna lay down in it, the pad is really nice. I would just make sure you get a pad that's really thick. Try to find that cheapest pad that's thick so you can roll around. If you've never slept in a hammock, it's actually pretty comfortable and the nice thing about it is you just don't need much else. Your head is already elevated. So I usually just sleep with a sweatshirt behind my head and they're typically pretty cheap. So I was able to get this one for I think around $34, but this is actually two person. This is the only one that they had left. They even had ones that were bigger than this, more complicated that had bug nets and all that. I usually sleep with one that has a bug net, but this one is a two person without a bug net. The one person actually would have been about 10 bucks cheaper so that would have saved us. Now the last thing you need is just some shelter, some protection. Now I have had times where I just, I set up the hammock under a tree and that tree is preventing the moist dew from coming down and it's fine. You don't need anything. But for those situations, you wanna keep your gear covered if there's a drizzle or if it's gonna be dewy in the morning, you gotta get a tarp. And again, we found an Ozark trail. This is the smallest one they had. It's a six foot by eight foot medium duty so this isn't gonna last forever obviously. So this actually came in right under six bucks, $5.97. But I'm gonna show you guys how to set this up and how to set everything up, how I would do everything with the kit that we have built right here. So grand totals right now for bare bones, we're excluding the propane single burner and we've added in actually a case of beer because arguably that can make an uncomfortable situation more comfortable. We are sitting at after tax $159.08. Now that's pretty close to where I wanted to be at 150 bucks. Now if we take off the beer and we take off the price that we could get the single hammock at, so that would've taken off another 10 bucks and we added in the Ozark single burner. Now that would've been $146.08. So that would've been under our $150 value but they didn't have the butane and I will say this, they have another grill there that I would recommend that is pretty much bulletproof. I've had mine for years and it was $60 and it has two burners on it so you can really get to cook it. You make a coffee and your eggs at the same time, you guys have probably seen me use this grill and that is that Coleman, that green classic Coleman two burner propane that came in at 60 bucks and that would put you at $186. It's still under the $200 mark and that is including the grill grate as well. So if you wanted to cook on two different sources and this is mine, this is what I use right here, this is my personal one and these are fantastic.  Really the only two essential items that I'm excluding because I'm gonna assume if you don't have these you're just not even into the outdoors. It would be a sleeping bag or some sort of blankets and pillow and then a cooler. I think everyone has a cooler laying around but I did find one on Walmart.com that was a pretty good size cooler for $24 which was an incredible deal. We could even fit that in this budget and be set for under 200 bucks. So let me show you how I would set all this up in a nice kit and make a camp and do some cooking. So we've got our kit that we built. Now let's just pretend that we're at a campsite and honestly we kind of are. My backyard is in the woods and it feels like we're camping all the time here at the tree house. The first thing you gotta do is you gotta soak in the fresh air. You're in the greatest place on earth. It's the great outdoors. Celebrate, however you celebrate. Me, I like to crack a gulp one. Step two is going to be setting up your camp.  Now, obviously I've got my truck, got the tailgate right here. That is gonna be where I'm cooking. I'm not starting a fire anywhere near this backyard or most of the forces in Texas right now are so incredibly dry. An open flame on a windy day, it could be bad. But almost all parks, even when there are open firebands, you can still cook on your propane, on your cooking device. So that's what we're gonna be doing at the tailgate. The other thing we're gonna be doing is setting up where are we gonna sleep? We got a hammock, we gotta have some trees. Obviously, if you don't got trees around, you're gonna be sleeping on a pad. Pad's gonna be your friend. If you can't find two good trees close to your campsite, what you can also do is use your vehicle. And a lot of vehicles have a place where you can tie off. So you can take one of your straps, put it on the top of your vehicle or wherever, attach it, move your vehicle to where it's a good distance away from the good anchor tree that you're trying to get to. And that's a little hack. I've done that a couple of times and you can get it exactly how you want it at the exact height and it actually works out pretty well. So let's go ahead and grab our hammock. Let's set this baby up. So I'm gonna give this brand a two star because their straps aren't even arms length. So adjustability, you don't have much there at all. I mean, you could use some additional rope. If you had it, I usually keep some mule tape with me when I'm camping. This is mule tape right here. That you can make adjustments like that, holds a lot of weight, but this is short. You just don't have them. Luckily my trees, I think are gonna work right here, but you got two options you can hang from. You can go to this knot or this knot or if you wanted to make an additional knot up here, you could, could even go right there on the top of the strap or the mule tape. There's just not much adjustability. My other hammocks I have like way more rope to adjust to and if you had a really big tree, you can even get around with this thing. But when you're hanging up your hammock, you want to go about chest high. You don't want to be touching the ground where the animals are. So it comes, it comes sniff you. Come check you out. Clipping. We're good. Got a nice pretty blue here that matches our camp chairs. This is the double wide. See holds up, yes sir, yes sir. Oh yeah, this one's big. If you guys have never slept on a hammock before, I'm gonna show you. Okay, so when you're sleeping in your hammock, you know, everyone's tendency is to, you just want to get in here and kind of burrito up. And this one is two person. So you could actually get in here and keep the bugs off of you just with this. That's actually not bad.  You can adjust to the side like this. Kind of hang your leg out over here. And that will make you not as closed in like the hot dog buns are just closing in. Cause what tends to happen is it will roll your shoulders, will roll in like this and you'll kind of get uncomfortable. So you can either kick off to the side a little bit offset or you could take a pillow or a sweatshirt or something and put it on your chest up here. And that will free up your shoulders. Cause you're sitting there for hours at a time, you know, things will get kind of cramped up and feel awkward. Now it's time for our 50 foot of paracord, 550 paracord. This is like the duct tape of truck camping. You can do just about anything with this stuff, fix anything. If you're proficient at knots, there's so much you could do with this and keep reusing it. Typically on my ridgelines, I make them about 20 feet long. That way we got some extra room to play with. You know, this right here is maybe 10 feet.  And a tie bowline knot, don't know how to tie one. Pretty easy, but I put a little hitch in mine so I can just pull that out. Pull that out very easily. I've never had it come out. If I was gonna like be rock climbing or something or repelling and something very serious, I might go ahead and do the full thing, but I've never had that little hitch come out of my bowline knot. So I'm gonna run this to the other tree. Okay, so on this end, we're gonna do our trucker's hitch. And I'm gonna come about two or three feet away from the tree and tie a little loop there. I could run the rest of this line through and then I could pull on this end and really tighten this thing up. A little trick, I'm gonna zoom in so you guys can see this. So here's the little trucker hack right here. So I'm gonna take my line. You could just go ahead and tie this off, but I'm gonna take it.  And now I can pull this and it's going to stick and not let off nearly as much as it would if I'd just let this go without that extra loop in there. And then from there, we can go ahead and just tie a couple hitches in there. Now what we're gonna do is take our tarp and just make a little canopy above our hammock here. So we'll have shade. If it's really hot during the middle of the day, we want to take a little day nap or we'll have protection from the rain, the elements, whatever. I've ordered a lot of tarps and I've spent hundreds of dollars on tarps. I have some tarps that are individually over $100 and they're not very big. You know, they're a lot tougher than I think than this but honestly these grommets don't look bad for the money. It was our trail, not bad. I'm tying some pressic loops and I'm using tarred bank line. This is something I have in my Amazon store. It's essential. I use it on trot lines. I use it in all sorts of camping stuff. I keep it in the truck. I keep it in all my hunting packs, whatever. It's just, it's so useful and it's a different consistency than paracord. So it pairs very nicely on the paracord for doing these loops.  Okay, so now we have our ridge line set up with our tarp and we can take the rest of our paracord and just stake that down off to the sides. Another way that you could do that tarp instead of running it on a ridge line over your hammock is you could set it on here. You could put it on top of the truck or if you got an SUV, something like that, you could run it as a canopy or as an awning over your truck bed or your tailgate, whatever, so that you can cook out here and you can have basically a back porch, a covered back porch. You can run it that way. There's so many different uses of a tarp. As long as you know how to tie knots, you've got some paracord. There's just a lot of ways you can manipulate those tarps and for six bucks, it's a heck of a deal to get started in truck camping. There we go. So now that we've got our sleep set up, let's move on to cooking. I did not include this in the budget but having a tub like this, so nice, so useful. And I found one about this size at Walmart for around $6, which is really cheap. Guess what, this Coleman fits in here perfectly. Our grill grate fits in here perfectly. And this one is actually pretty cool because it stands up like this but you can also just take these off. So these bend in, these slide out and you've got just a cast iron grate so if you just wanted to set this on some rocks or if you wanted to set this on top of your grill, I haven't tried that yet but you could just use this by itself and it would be pretty useful and you could use it as a table.  For sure, it's heavy enough. So we got that, we got our cast iron right here and you know, I always got some fish on deck so let's grab some catfish out of the cooler and we'll go ahead and do a cook set up with this. Folder out, she's nice and greasy because she's been used a lot.  You can probably get three or four trips out of one of these bottles just depending on how much you're cooking but I like to just keep a big tank in the back of my truck. It's easy, I've got it strapped in with a bungee cord. If you're thinking about you're gonna do this a lot I would go ahead and just use one of your tanks at home or get one of these big 20 pounds and this will last you like a whole season of truck camping. You don't have to refill this thing very much using this little Coleman. And we're going, baby. Wah bam. This is the first time I've used this cast iron. They say it comes seasoned but it ain't really seasoned. You need to put something greasy in there. Do this beforehand before you really go out for the first time. Let's break out our little cook kit right here. They come all attached. Isn't that cool? Good spoon on that bad boy. That's a decent spoon. This is all good quality stuff. And of course our cup, which I actually use this cup, this GSI. It's got a little handle on it and that's nice. You can boil your teas, get your coffees going. You could make some ramen noodles, soups, beans, something like that in there. Our skillet, I can tell you, this thing is not as thick as a lodge. It's heating up a lot faster than a lodge would. So more inconsistent heat, but for the price, it's still going to be pretty good. Blue cat filets right here. I did bring in some spices from my personal kit, some SPG, that's about all I use on my truck camping. You're going to get one spice, salt, pepper, garlic right there. Whew, that's hot. Just throw some butter in this bad boy. Stephanie already cleaned this for me, so it should be safe. Let's hope. Ooh, yeah, that's hot boy. Turn that down a hair. Usually when I'm cooking with cast iron in and stainless as well, I'll try to get that pretty hot. Let the pores open up, then I'll put in my butter or oil, let that get in there and then I'll turn it down a little bit. That's a little more than brown. We're going camp style, we'll just press that in. Give our butter one last little drip. And then we'll season on top, there we go. We don't have any tongs, we don't have any other utensils in our kit, but we can definitely use this fork, spoon, maybe a sliding, that's good. I would recommend getting either some paper towels or I carry some little cheapo towels that you can use to wipe things up, grab a hot skillet, clean things out. It wasn't included in our budget, but that's very cheap. It's looking good. All right, we're two and a half minutes in on our cooking, on the catfish. Five minutes each side, we should be good to go. Got our shelter, we got our bed set up. Good living in the great outdoors. Like our fish is done, now what you want to do if you've got a tank like this is always shut your propane off while the flames on and let the propane that's in the hose burn out. Just gonna go ahead and take this off, set it on our grate. There a little plate, a little bit of sticking there at the end, but I think we're all right. Now, I know I've been using the camp chair, but if you don't have a camp chair, you just hang right here in the hammock. It's a comfy little seat. Nothing else, just the catfish cooked on our cast iron on the tailgate, let's see how we did. It's a little crispy around the edges, but flavor's there. Oh yeah, I cooked that one up good. Five minutes each side, flaking apart with the fork. It's always a good sign. I'll live for this right here, y'all. Catfish was fantastic. Pretty impressed with the little cast iron here. I was thinking that the smaller one, the 10 inch would be more difficult to cook fish in, but the flays I had, perfect size, did great. Now it's time to clean up camp a little bit. I wanna stay organized when we're truck camping because we don't have much room. So I'm just gonna put everything that we don't need back into our kit. Loving how this is working out size wise with the grate and the grill. Usually I'll keep like a water container with me. I'll go ahead and fill up water before I go so I don't like keeping water bottles around. So if you just wanna drink out of this with your water, have your jug, that's great. It's a little extra expense. Don't have to have it, but this cup would come in useful and you can put your brown water in there. Post-dinner, have a little post-dinner brown water. There's one last thing that we haven't tested out and now that's starting to get darker. We'll test it and this is our Ozark Trill LED headlamp that was extremely cheap. And Ben, I don't think you have a headlamp.  It's gonna be your headlamp at camp here next week. He just turned two years old today and he has learned to ride his little strider bike so he is so pumped. Just riding under daddy's tripod. I'd say that's a pretty dagum, good purchase. An essential purchase that you have to have. I would definitely upgrade my light in my kit. In fact, I have a couple of lights for backups but just to get you going, can't beat that. In fact, that's probably worth getting a few of these to throw them in, some packs in the truck so that you always have a headlamp when you need it. I came to join the fun. Whoa!  Everybody loves a good hammock, a little hammock session. He is all about it. Ben, it's like a wild animal right now. Your ability test, it's good. What's the shelter doing? I'd say we're doing pretty good. It is. You can sleep right under here. This is amazing. It's probably been like 70 days without rain. That's all it took was for me to set up a tarp in the backyard to get some rain. It was like perfect timing. It just came a certified, but our shelter held up. You know, our hammock is relatively dry and I think we would have been fine if that storm came through while we were sleeping. We've been all right, especially with a couple of cold pops, but I'm actually impressed with the kit that we built for the price and I would personally take this out and use it. In fact, I am. Everything fits in this tub right here. Makes it nice and neat. So hopefully this helps some of you that are thinking about getting into truck camping. It is a really cheap way to go about your outdoor experience, whether you're hunting or fishing. I do it all the time. We got tons of great state parks here in the state of Texas and all over the country.  So all of that for a price of a hotel room and you can use this stuff for years to come. So if you liked today's video, make sure to smash that like button. And if you wanna see an additional video where I take a small kit, build a little survival kit, there were some things in Walmart that caught my eye that they got some pretty decent stuff and some other things I just wanna test out, some of their gear. Let me know in the comments down below and I will go and take that to the woods and see what we can do with it. So let me know guys, thanks for tuning in today. I will see you on another great outdoor adventure right here on the Lakeport God Channel. See you soon.


Oh, this is Hamzara for the sand. You're watching Islamabad today for Think Tech Hawaii. Today's topic is climate change in South Asia. And when we talk about South Asia, it's an extremely strategically important region. It has, it is a region which is extremely dynamic. There's a lot of poverty. There's a lot of socioeconomic challenges. And amid all of this climate change also presents a significant amount of challenges to try and overcome, to try and make sure that South Asia and its future generations can actually be taken into consideration as far as sustainability is concerned. I am joined by, and I'm lucky enough to have with me, Ms. Aisha Khan. She's the executive director of the Civil Society Coalition for Climate Change. And she's also the chief executive officer of Mountain and Glacier organization. Ms. Aisha Khan, thank you so much for joining me on the show. Pleasure to be with you. Well, Ms. Aisha Khan, let's start off with climate change in South Asia. How significant of it is that, you know, when you talk about it as a challenge, when you talk about, there's this view that unless there's a concerted effort worldwide to cut greenhouse gas emissions, South Asia will suffer huge economic, social, and environmental damage from the consequences of climate change. I'm not gonna ask you whether there's any truth to it. There must be some truth to it. But how significant of a problem is climate change in this region? I think climate change is a significant problem globally. But when we narrow it down to this region, I think it is a huge challenge because South Asia is warming up more rapidly than the rest of the world. And within South Asia, Pakistan is warming up more rapidly. So we need to take a very holistic and integrated view because South Asia is a subcontinent and its geography and its typography is highly varied. So when you look at countries with high mountains, you also have countries with long coastlines. You have deserts, you have, you know, so much geography over here where temperature extremes can rise up to 50 degrees Celsius and they can be minus 50 degrees Celsius as well. So when you're looking at that region, you have a potential for conflict over here because as climate warms up, a lot of things are going to start happening. A lot of sectors are going to get affected. We have, of course, you know, the nexus between food, water, energy. We also have recurring disasters and we have a lot of people who rely on these ecological goods and services whose lives will get disrupted, whose livelihoods will get disturbed. And I think one example loud and clear is the recent floods in Pakistan. We've seen what that has done to the economy of the country, to the poverty levels which have gone further deep and the way it has altered the social and the economic dynamics. So if you take that to scale and you see these things happening in every country in South Asia, you're looking at a very, very dangerous situation. Yeah, well, absolutely. And it can actually become dire as well. So Miss Aisha, a warming trend of about, you know, 0.75 degrees Celsius has been observed in annual mean temperatures in South Asia over the past century. This trend is absolutely consistent. What do you think are the measures that South Asian economies can actually adopt to try and make sure that increase in temperatures can actually be averted? Countries can work at the country level as well. But I think when you're talking about climate change, just as we need a multilateral agreement and arrangements to arrive at mitigation and adaptation measures, I think the same applies to South Asia as the region because we are connected by air, we are connected by land, we are connected by water. We share a common ecology. So unless we start working together, it will be very difficult for any one country to address its problems. And I say that with water in mind. We all derive our water from the same source, the Himalaya-Hindukush-Karakura mountain ranges. This is also the third poll. So any hydrological imbalances and changes that take place in this region are not going to remain confined to this region. They'll have a rippling effect on the economy of South Asia and they will also disturb and disrupt the global planetary regime. So I think that the way forward lies in cooperation. Unfortunately, we do have dysfunctional relationship between countries in the region. We do have political tensions in the region and we need to bypass that. We need to somehow find a way to decouple politics from the other climate change related aspects where cooperation is possible and move towards geo-cooperation in the region and geo-economic incentives in the region which can provide livelihoods, which can provide opportunities for sharing information because what happens at the higher altitudes affects countries or regions downstream. So all these issues are interconnected and most of the economies are reliant on agriculture. We also share social similarities. We have the same issues with poverty, with a youth bulge, with gender not having enough representation and decision-making. So when you look at that, learning and cross-pollination of ideas and creating knowledge hubs where we can learn from each other because each country does have a way of addressing its challenges and constraints and convert all of that into an opportunity for the region. All right, so when you talk about resolving disputes and decoupling politics from climate change, obviously India and Pakistan, especially with the multi-led BJP government in New Delhi and the fact that even the Pakistani establishment along with the democratic government, they don't seem to be seeing eye to eye on many issues. So do you think climate change or collaboration on climate change would inevitably suffer? And that would lead to smaller countries like the Maldives and Sri Lanka suffering from possible inundation? I'm an optimist, so I'd like to think that climate change will probably push us towards cooperation and collaboration because each country stands to lose. The dividends of collaboration are many and the perils of not cooperating and disruptions and destabilization will be bad for every economy because one thing happening in one part will affect other regions. Let me just mention out migration, for example. When you have large numbers of people who are living in climate hotspots and there was a few years ago a report by the World Bank that says nearly 800 million people living in South Asia will be in climate hotspots. Essentially what that means is that survivability in these areas will become very difficult. So people will move out. That means disruption in livelihoods. That means displacement. That also means a burden on the host communities. So this will trigger societal strife and this will also trigger violent conflict due to resource scarcity. So I think that we need to have policies for how to deal with climate refugees within the country and out migration because we have on Eastern border India and we have Afghanistan where we are seeing extreme poverty. We've already hosted a lot of refugees due to political considerations earlier and now we're going to see a climate change or climate induced refugees coming in. So how much burden can one country absorb? I think if we look at it collectively and we understand that we have to look ourselves as one South Asia and we have to look at the absorptive capacity, the adaptive capacity and the transformative potential for South Asia we will be able to move forward because I personally am convinced that we need to take an intergenerational perspective that spans across political planning and financial systems. That is the only way forward. And I think leadership sooner or later will also come to realize that because I think green voting if that becomes a trend will also drive political parties to adopt manifestos that provide them with a resilient future. And anybody who looks long-term will understand that resilience is something for which you have to work together. You have to look at all the different factors that contribute to making a people, a society, a country resilient and you have to do that together. And I always come back to water because I feel that getting water from the same source is a common agenda for everyone. We have monsoon rains also, but over that we really don't have any control but being upper and lower riparian and every country in South Asia is either an upper or lower riparian stuff. So we have to take those factors into account and we have to see how do we promote hydrosolidarity? How do we work and move towards climate diplomacy? And how can we overcome the differences to forge a future that will be good for the people and that will bring shared prosperity to everyone? Because at the end of the day, this is a question of human security and then it becomes a question of national security.  And that is what adaptation means. I think we usually think of adaptation in terms of building resilient infrastructure but I think adaptation also means reconciling with the emerging geopolitical realities and changing and shifting from past ways of doing things because business as usual is not an option anymore. So we have to adopt new strategies for engagement. Absolutely for engagement. But when you talk about preemptive strategies, obviously the role of legislation cannot be sidestepped either. I mean, what we've noticed in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka is the fact that even Bangladesh for that matter, there's very little talk about climate change. I mean, legislation, which is actually passed, it's more concerned about targeting your political opponents or trying to adopt cosmetic measures to try and tackle money laundering for that matter. Where is legislation in South Asia? Because without domestic legislation, you cannot really operationalize the strategies that you just mentioned. I think more than legislation, what we need here is national adaptation plans which is part of the nationally determined contributions under the Paris Agreement. And I wouldn't quite agree that the countries in South Asia are not paying ample political attention or social attention or media attention to climate change. I've been working in this sector for over 20 years and in the last seven, eight years, I have seen this subject shift from the periphery to center stage in all the countries of the world and also in South Asia. India is doing a lot of things to shift to renewable energy. Pakistan also has developed its NDC and submitted that and it's in the process of developing its adaptation plan. So that provides you with the roadmap and each country does have a climate change policy that provides you with the goals and targets and ambitions that you're setting for yourself for mitigation and for adaptation. So I think countries are doing what they can within their capacities and capabilities. What we lack mostly in South Asia is resources. We lack technology and we lack capacity. And I think that, you know, if we start working together we can work towards our energy security. We can work towards our water security. And if we work as a block as a region and we go into these international conferences also our voice will be heard. It will matter more as a block as one South Asia rather than as individual countries. But that Sark needs to, you know, take center stage or because we're talking about a regional solutions they have to be indigenous solutions. So when you talk about a regional block I mean, there would be many, you know scholars and experts and practitioners who would argue that that would be more of an idealistic sort of scenario. Would you agree to that? I think that, you know, under the present circumstances it may appear to be unrealistic to think of peace and stability and prosperity in the region. But we have to plot for a future trajectory. And I think within each country that's the role that civil society plays that it becomes an enabler. It starts demanding peace and security and prosperity. And it is possible. I think, you know, in Pakistan we have demonstrated that under the new national security plan that came up that we will focus on geo-economics. So I think political agendas change and we have to understand that the focus of electoral governments is also short-lived. It runs through its electoral cycle and a lot of what they do is to try and do things that will get them more traction from the voter. But I think long-term climate change should be made into like a compact which is across borders and generations because that's a common agenda that we need to follow as a global common good. And I think with enough disasters happening and with economies suffering, we will see perhaps, I'm quite hopeful that we will see a shift. There is, I think a desire, a desire for growth or development and that cannot happen when you have the region in constant turmoil. So I think that in itself perhaps will drive us towards peace over conflict. So we talk about the role of international institutions, for example, the United Nations for that matter. We talk about climate change bodies. Do you think that there's, you know, you could say disproportionate attention being played on climate change as far as the Western world is concerned. And you know, we talk about sub-Saharan Africa. We talk about South Asia. We talk about other impoverished regions who tend to be neglected. Do you think that is also a problem as far as ensuring that, you know, a trickle-down effect on the local population in these regions can actually materialize as far as climate change mitigation is concerned? I think that's an agenda also that has been moving faster than it did in the last 30 years from 1992 up to 2015, for example, there was very slow progress. There was no cooperation. There was no agreement. Now after the Paris Agreement, we have at least an agenda of solutions. So 196 countries agreed there that, yes, this is human cost and it needs solutions that need to be found through a common strategy. So the progress that we're making is still very slow because the global north responsible for the historic emissions hasn't taken the responsibility to mitigate at the speed that it needs to do. Perhaps it's waiting for more technology to come in and address the issue.  But countries like ours, developing economies, the small nation states, they are going to suffer. And that is why at these conference of parties that take place in the last few conference of parties or POPs as they are known, you must have noticed that the pitch of the demand for climate justice has gone up because people are suffering. And POP has gone to one of the few countries that has been championing this entire agenda. It has, it has. And I think that, you know, we are caught along with other countries into a recovery trap. We've hardly recovered from one disaster before another one hits us. And it needn't always be hydrometrological disasters. It can be a drought. It can be a failure of crops. It can be hotspots. It can be anything that disrupts livelihoods. So we are facing that. Every year from 2010 onwards, I think, we have suffered losses to the tune of 3.8 billion annually. So that is a huge amount. And in the last floods, about 9 million people were displaced and about 7.6 million are still facing severe problems of food security. The estimates that were made by the World Bank of Lost Damage Recovery stand at 30 billion. So we find that, you know, it's very difficult for us to cope with the challenges and the constraints. And under a pessimistic scenario, I think the likelihood of the GDP falling by 10 to 13% by 2050 has also been highlighted by the World Bank in one of its reports. And I think the poverty rate will also drop by 8.4%. So, or increased by 8.4%. Yeah, it would increase. Yeah, that's under a pessimistic scenario. But right now, everything looks very pessimistic to us because the disasters are happening. Our coping capabilities are not robust. And therefore, I think with every year, the disaster becomes exponential and our coping capacity also declines exponentially as a result of that. So I think that, you know, as a country, we are very concerned and I do see as civil society actor more concerned in policy circles about addressing the issue. It's true that because people always find the topics of politics and economics more interesting, the mainstream media primetime is talking more about political instability and the drama associated with political statements and they're not giving the space to climate change that it deserves. And I think that is something that needs to definitely change. All right, so when we talk about, you know, a few statistics as you rightly mentioned, without global action on climate change, temperatures may rise by 4.6 degrees Celsius. And we talk about the collective economy of six countries. We're talking Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Pakistan. They could shrink up to 1.8% every year by 2050. And more alarmingly, it's going to be about 8.8% by 2100 on average. So what we're talking about at this point in time is you have economies which are already shrinking. We have Sri Lanka, which has just witnessed a bankruptcy crisis. We have Pakistan, which is on the verge of, you know, possible default, even though the government, you know, contradicts that India is doing quite well, but you know, there's rising income inequality. So South Asia can't really bear the brunt of, you know, such GDP contractions, can it? No, it cannot. And, you know, there is a counter argument to say that the existing gaps and the vulnerabilities are due to poor policy or weak institutional mechanisms. So while that may be true, and I do acknowledge because as civil society, we often flag those issues, but climate change is a threat multiplier. If we didn't have climate change, perhaps, you know, civilization has evolved. The West also went through the period that we are going through and it gradually evolved into the developed economies. So without climate change, perhaps in our own time in the next 10 or 15 years, we would have also stumbled and found our way forward. Excuse me. That's all right. But climate change doesn't afford us the luxury of time anymore. And that is why we say that this is disproportionate. It is unequal burden-sharing, and it is pulling us down. Sajjakan, finally, if you were to give five recommendations to South Asian economies, obviously, they do vary in terms of their economic growth. Your political system is also very significant. But you do have political instability. You have lots of factors which are very similar. So in light of this, what would your five recommendations be for the South Asian government as far as mitigating climate change? Would you want to? Yeah, I would just say that they should look at the long-term human security of the region, and they should look at the past and see how they need to change and adapt for the future. And I think trade, tourism, transit, these are clear-cut direct opportunities for us to engage, where we will suddenly start seeing more economic prosperity. Because at the end of the day, what you need to do is to provide economic resilience for the common man. His own bounce-back capacity. And that cannot be ensured if you have the data that you just shared with me about poverty, the spiraling poverty. So you need to frame vulnerability, I think, in ways where you are looking at what does it feel like, not just economic losses, but intergenerational losses. What does it feel like to rob someone of their human dignity, of condemning the future generations to a lifelong sentence of poverty, of depriving and taking away the hope of future generation of being able to realize their full human potential. So I think we should frame it that way and look at human security and shared prosperity. And it's just a question of how you frame and through which lens do you look at your future? So if you look at a future through collective and shared prosperity, I think many windows will open. Saisha, thank you so much for joining us on the show. Thank you. So that's all that we have for now. You can follow our show on social media and you can give us a feedback as well. That's it for me, Hunter Rafferthu Sen. You're watching Islamabad today on Think Tech Hawaii. Take care. Until next time. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please click the like and subscribe button on YouTube. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram and LinkedIn. Check out our website, thinktechawaii.com. Mahalo.