And specifically looking at the current interest rate hike, you know, and with the lack of affordability in South Africa and specifically also The rental market, what are some of the impacts or the things that are happening because of this? So you started off with some really good tips around understanding affordability It is to consider your moving cost, but also considering your deposit what your cash flow looks like What is happening inside the South Africa's rental housing market in a world where being a mister know it all can land you in the red? We'd rather keep you in the north. I'm talking facts the latest updates and the hottest property news You will hear it here first From the industry's top minds. This is the private property podcast. I'm doing welcome Congratulations to our winner glad she render for winning yesterday's 500 grand cash prize Be like glad and join the conversation on Facebook so that you can win that 500 grand cash So you found your dream apartment and you were wondering what can I do to ensure that I don't? Make this dream into a nightmare before you pop that bottle of champagne We've got property no-no's to make sure that you don't land up in hot water So here they go number one skimming through your lease You definitely don't want to do that because you are going to initial every page Number two overlooking utilities and amenities Number three taking on a repair costs. You definitely don't want to do that if you didn't break it don't fix it Number four investing in expensive furniture too early Number five neglecting moving costs But online when you are looking for an apartment do your research watch out for those for these property No-no's so that you can make a good decision. You will definitely thank us later Our guest tonight on the show has over 14 years of experience as a consumer and marketing executive He's deeply committed to the use of cost industry skills Knowledge and expertise to ensure business growth and innovation He also knows a thing or two about credit and the rental housing market Viewers at home help me welcome the head of marketing and sales at TPN credit guru Valdu Marcus Valdu Good evening, and thank you so much for joining us. Good evening to me and thank you for that kind introduction It's a great to be with to join you in studio. Thank you so much Let's jump right into our conversation tonight and tell us on a day-to-day How does your day look and what are some of the things that you get to do as the head of marketing? And and and so I'm a credit bureau. There's the day is never the same We've we focus on key things to ensure that both landlord and tenant is protected from a compliance perspective And then of course we also our core businesses to collect rental payment behavior across the industry And it's from a small landlord and with a single tenant all the way to listed property funds on the JSE and how those tenants but both on a Commercial but also on a residential pay Their rental that's of course great. It gives us great insights into the sector in terms of escalations vacancies and of course trains to help the industry as a whole to make better decisions Sure, and you know, we are talking about the the different Things that are happening right now in the industry and specifically looking at the current interest rates You know and with the lack of affordability in South Africa and specifically also The rental market. What are some of the impacts or the things that are happening because of this? So you started off with some really good tips around understanding affordability It is to consider your moving cost, but also considering your deposit what your cash flow looks like What's what we've seen in the in the property sector, especially within the residential market is COVID has really brought on some de-escalations Effectively meaning rent year on here has become slightly cheaper. However the last quarter of 2021 and we expecting it to continue is that we're going to see escalations to increase now the interest rates are increased Because of inflation and we've seen inflation creeping up to five point nine percent What does that mean is that escalations will soon follow within the residential a rental market and Further to that as we already seeing that the property inflation therefore should you be interested in buying is already broke a broke the five percent mark so Considering that's affordability one and also how we we expecting salaries to increase Just around CPI is that affordability tip is critical to ensure that you move into the right property Yeah, no definitely and you know a couple of months ago the Finance Minister of South Africa gave us the budget speech and we know that there's going to be changes there And even in the consumer market talk to us a little bit more what this means for someone who's got a short term these a long term These are they any nips in the back that they can start doing now to make sure that they don't you know get adversely affected by this Well, it is it's such a difficult one. I think Understanding what is your core expenses if we look at the general South African They spending almost 80% of their salaries by the seventh of each month Top of that list is either a bond repayment or it is your rental payment Then second to that is of course transport food medical etc So it leaves very little space should we start seeing a jump in Short-term loans credit card interest and we've seen the last 50 basis points really gonna make an impact on the Pockets of South Africans. So yet again, when you look at short-term Credit be very careful. It's going to become more and more expensive in the short run And we expect that to continue all the way to the end of the year So be very very careful before you overextend yourself Try and save as much as possible where you can the one upside about covert and the hybrid working model is You might not always have to travel into work. We've seen the petrol price It's expected to increase even more So consider maybe working from home a couple of days and that will save you some travel travel cost And that you can invest again into your residential property Remember to talk to us on the Facebook feed send us those questions comments send this conversation to anybody You think will benefit from hearing what we're talking about tonight's the conversation tonight is about anybody who's in the Who's in the property industry if you are a tenant if you are somebody who is a landlord and you are thinking about some of these things and Looking at him even renting your property out. These are good insights that you need to know Coming back to the conversation. Let's let's bring it back and talk about taxpayers and some of these affordability Things that they can they can do in terms of Easing, you know the concerns and even allowing them to to to do a little bit more with their money or allowing They are back to go a little bit further Are there any implications that came from the budget speech that could help someone who is currently in the rental market? I think the key highlights from the finance minister was that we didn't see an increase in personal tax And that is really to stimulate the economy people can spend more and that was due to the better commodity Taxes that was received and then we've seen the finance minister really helping the commercial property market by not increasing commercial tax and That is due to the bad performance. Of course, it is recovering and it's recovering relatively Quickly compared to what we expected So it is really the finance minister had a very good balance between save saying let's put ensure that we don't take any More money away from the consumers and then also helping businesses to hopefully use that money to increase jobs That is key to me. We can't labor it enough. We need to see more jobs created in this economy Interesting we saw status a is that we've seen a decrease in full-time employment Part-time employment however has seen an increase. So the way we earn a living has is also changing in our economy And again for a landlord for instance Consider that when you take on a tenant, it's not just about full-time employment. It is also about Total income that they receive as people have to make Plans to of course earn a living Sure, and let's let's talk a little bit more about people who are already in the market And maybe someone is living in a house and they are they are starting to anticipate that they might not be able to keep up with their rental amounts Are there any specific things that they could do for them not to end up landing up in the red? You know because I think the best thing about it is that we can we can try to be preventative in our approach because the moment You are in the red It's both a disadvantage to the person who is a tenant and a landlord So is there any advice for these two categories of players in the industry now of things they could do to help them? push this forward We always say communication as soon as you discover that there is a challenge the key focus is To please reach out to your landlord start communicated to them tell them what the situation is and Be open and honest, you know most most landlords do not want to lose a good tenant So if you've paid well, and you've maintained the building and you've looked after it and you adhere to the rules and regulations Most landlords will be open to say all right. What can we do to ensure rental comes through? It is our ever also important to understand the landlord's perspective. There's usually bonds to be repaid rates taxes electricity water So it might not be that you pay on the first of every month, but please communicate clearly so that it also does not affect your Credit rating within TPN because should you then decide to move to another? property The new landlord will of course see how you've paid and how you've behaved in your pimp rental payment behaviors Sure. I like the fact that you were bringing TPN in and This track record coming in how much does it impact when one wants to move out of the rental space? and maybe even go into acquiring property because Situations and circumstances of people are very different Some people are renting while their property owners because it's whether it's cheaper or they're doing it for investments and all of those scenarios, what would you say? They could do in order for them to either if they already in the case where They are their name has already been listed or they took to keep the process from not happening What what would you say for those two? So we collect payment behavior and it stretches back up to five years We all have to face the reality of covert and in covert people fell behind on payments due to lack of salaries Salary freezes So when a landlord and we run quite a lot of training and education around it is to say when you look at a new tenant Don't just look at the past six months or 18 months. Look at the entire track record of that individual If they completely paid their rental on time every month for Two years prior to the pandemic, then you know, it's an isolated incident. See how quickly they recovered From a purchasing bond behavior the rental payment behaviors in South Africa. That's that we collect it started to be used as a risk model across various commercial banks and the reason for that is a lot of people pay their bonds or their rental first So it's one of the best ways to understand the importance of Maintaining a roof over your head. So in this case when when Landlords or people are looking at extend or buying additional property and they're looking at taking out bonds Etc. How you pay rental comes up But also how your tenant with inner property has paid to ensure that you receive the cash in and on time Sure Remember to send us your questions right here on the Facebook feed so that we can Field them there is a question that came through and it's specifically about vetting and I'm sure I hope that we can we can Actually tackle it tonight and and of course Valdez to the best of your ability it's saying hope this this hasn't been addressed yet it's it's coming from annele and They say how does one go about vetting the agents they are about to deal with the e the e a a b Is always very vague about getting information on the legitimacy of estate agents right so the ppr a came into effect this this year and Within that there's a bunch of new regulations that your estate agents have to adhere to for instance It was at the end of August is now moved forward to the to June that estate agents must be registered and have a ffc And of course that the principal needs to be an NQF five meaning that they are extensively trained in the in the legal environment Above and beyond that there's additional regulations of course to get the ffc so when you Decide on choosing an agent make sure that they are registered with the ppr a make sure that they are registered The ppa and you have the right to ask for those for the proof Sure, I'll take you a little bit back there and just for first time as somebody who's joining us for the first time Can you just take us through the acronyms the ppr a and some of the other ones mentioned so the ppr is the property practitioners act and ppr is a property practitioner property professional and then the ppr a replaced the estate agency affairs board or the acronym for that is the e a a b So the property practice practitioner regulatory authority replaced the estate agency affairs board. So they basically are Mandated to regulate property professionals and the definition has extended beyond just residential Estate agents is now including commercial brokers. So if you deal with a commercial broker They now also have to be registered with the property practitioner real regulatory authority Thank you so much for that and if you just joined us We are still talking the rental the rental housing market and non-pomele loan services I can relate to most of these points and I'm now gaining insightful information Remember you do stand a chance to win 500 grand cash for interacting with us in our comment section Well, do I will now bring our conversation to something that is that is really a life-long argument in in the property space where people talk about renting versus buying and they talk about how the expenses and the Maintenance expenses. What is your take and what advice would you have for somebody who currently is renting or would like to Maybe buy or is just new and a novice in the property industry and is thinking about which one to go for what advice would you have for them? Well, at the end is it ultimately boils down to your affordability But also what is your long-term or medium-term strategy in terms of wealth creation property has historically been a very good way to create wealth And that's two-part one. Yes, you can show a rental return or an income passive income through or partially passive income Of course, you know landlords do have to fulfill certain obligations But there's a partial way There's a partial passive income that you can generate from a rental property on the other side Although even though if you take out a bond to purchase it, it's a forced way of saving So after the five ten fifteen years, you've actually acquired an asset that traditionally Appreciates in value. So with those two things in mind is understand What is your medium and long-term concept if you've been a really good tenant for the past five six seven years? And you look at your affordability. There's always ways on private property to go and calculate. What is what can you afford? So what is your monthly installments based on the interest rates? But please consider the the rates and taxes levies if it's applicable Maintenance, do you want to go into a freestanding which of course might not incur the high levies? But it does come with additional security costs. It might come with additional insurance costs maintenance Slightly higher if you do it on your own versus if you work within a body corporate That will give you an idea of what your budget is and what you can afford and then go and find the right location I think to lean into it is Understanding the right location some areas we've seen a decline in property values For the past ten fifteen years and then there's areas. We've seen some incredible property capital growth That means what you bought the property for five years ago Versus if you sell it now what that value is and we run some analytics and that's usually available to one of our reports to show What are the capital growth is what the kind of rental income is that you can get? So it's really about understanding what your strategy is and then decide the way forward and then of course affordability and Understanding there's hidden cost do some research understand what it is rates and taxes in the area That in itself rates Please make sure you can find that out from your local government understand what those rates are and make sure that you provide for above inflation increase The same with utilities water and electricity It has been increasing the past couple of years above inflation So when you do a take in CPI plus two or three percent add that to your monthly bill and see if you can afford it Definitely, and I think Important takeaways from that is affordability Are you able to afford all the expenses that come with either renting or or buying to live in? So it's very important that you think about that and some comments are coming through and Kamukhello Ororesing is saying I love how we are tackling the different Information and topics on property and thank you so much for joining us Kamukhello It is an absolute pleasure to be bringing you on the past topics about property every single night Before I round up our conversation tonight, let's talk about the impacts of COVID-19 You spoke a little bit about them in terms of sometimes these things being isolated incidents and I really I really Like the fact that we looked at it like that because it COVID-19 was a bit unexpected and it shook so many people's world and Unfortunately, it has had an impact even on rental income for for a lot of people a lot of A lot of landlords are standing with vacant properties because people just couldn't afford them and left, you know And let's talk about it in terms of what are some of those things that we can actively do whether as someone someone who's Agent an agent someone who is tenant or even a landlord What are some of those things we can actively do to make sure that we recover from COVID-19 and we we start changing the way things are So I think the reality is that we're starting to see that The economic shocks both Nationally and globally is coming in hard and fast. We we dealt with COVID and we dealt with it In a very decisive way We did see a huge impact on our labor market and within the residential property market We saw where our good standing attendance and good standing of like 81 82 percent Dropped to just above the 72 percent mark So we could definitely see that people were struggling now We back up and just just over the 80 percent mark So we almost back to where we were prep COVID of course rentals are slightly lower in some areas of vacancies are slightly higher We could definitely could see the the change in in escalations what landlords used to get versus what they're getting now So that was the first economic shock we're dealing with now currently we're dealing with the economic shock That is imported inflation from the northern hemisphere that was brought on due to the conflict in Ukraine but also the overheated economies of the northern hemisphere which Increased huge amount of simulation during covert that means we bring in a huge amount of inflation through our fuel imports International imports and that ultimately filters down to the consumer. So we have to brace ourselves and understand that these Economic shocks are not completely over. We've dealt with covert and although it's not completely over You know, we've learned to live with it And as the residential market is recovering in that regard and we see it even within the commercial market the recovery is there It's not to understand. What is the right price and landlords might not necessarily like to hear this But sometimes it is to keep your rental at the same level but keep a good tenant At least you get the right cash coming you get your cash flow is still healthy and you get the rental money coming in on time So those are a couple of considerations. So when you then as a landlord look at a tenant is understand that How important is it to get your rental on time versus a one or two percent increase in in rental? And of course as I said escalations have been lagging and there's a bit of catch up to do The cost of maintenance repairs Utilities which for the past couple of years landlords have absorbed At some point that needs to be passed on to the tenants although we expect it to be done more evenly and it's not a sharp increase Thank you so much for that insightful conversation And thank you for taking our time to talk to us and we really really appreciate it and have a great night Thank you. Well, thanks for that to me And to the rest of you at home Thank you so much for joining in on Facebook. We have a winner and we are telling that up and Thank you for showing us love and for commenting and interacting with us We love doing this each and every weekday and the drum roll can come in as I announced the winner of the 500 grand prize for the most interaction is the person is Thank you so much no Puma drop us an inbox to claim your prize and join us again tomorrow for another night of an Insight packed episode. Don't forget to also like and subscribe to all our social media platforms Thank you so much for joining us on the private property podcast. My name is do me and have a good night


Welcome to Cambridge Museum of Technology. I'm Pam Hulls, the museum's curator. We are reopening the museum to the public from Saturday the 22nd of May, so you'll be able to visit our beautiful Riverside site and explore Cambridge's fascinating industrial history. We have had to make some adaptations to keep our visitors, volunteers and staff safe. You can find all of the information that you need to prepare for your visit, including online booking on our website. This year marks the 50th anniversary of the museum's first public open day. We have a full programme of events lined up throughout the year, including our birthday bash weekend on the 24th and 25th of July, when we'll have a host of activities and entertainment to tempt you. Follow us on Facebook and Twitter for the latest news so you don't miss out. We are also running a fundraiser to help us to continue to care for our industrial heritage for another 50 years. Please consider giving us a birthday present. You can find out how to donate to our appeal on our website. Make 2021 the year that you visit Cambridge Museum of Technology. Cambridge is renowned as an ancient university town, an even older market town and a modern centre of the high technology industry. In this video, explore a different side of Cambridge, industrial Cambridge from the air. Many industries grew then disappeared from the landscape of Cambridge in the 20th century as newer technologies emerged. Former industrial sites were often redeveloped for other uses such as residential housing, retail and technology business parks. Cambridge hosts numerous archives of aerial photography that provides a time-lapse glimpse of Cambridge's changing industrial landscape over the course of a century from the 1920s to the present day. As a result, it is possible to build aerial time lapses of areas of Cambridge beyond the collegiate centre. In this video view, the transformation of transport networks including Cambridge Railway Station and the A14, the evolution of utilities such as sewage treatment, the transformation of manufacturing sites such as factories and the development of new industrial areas such as Cambridge Science Park and Cambridge Business Park. Such a modern picture of your factory, business premises or property. The first publicly available aerial photography of Cambridge was undertaken in 1920 by Aero Films with additional sequences photographed later in the 1920s and early 1930s. Aero Films took the fledgling technology of military reconnaissance developed in the Great War and repackaged it for the commercial and leisure markets. Unsurprisingly for Cambridge, Aero Films' initial focus in 1920 was the tourist market picture postcard style photography of the collegiate town centre. When Aero Films revisited Cambridge in 1928, aviators took more photos of industrial and residential areas. It is worth noting just how early these sets of aerial photography are in Cambridge's own aviation history. These Aero Films predate the construction of Marshall's aerodrome later Cambridge airport to the east of Cambridge which would not begin operation until the late 1920s. Industrial Cambridge emerges from the sky in 1928. The industrial quarter in the Newmarket Road and Riverside area comprising the sewage pumping station, gasworks, quarks and quarries was first photographed in 1928. Post-industrial development now includes retail parks, residential housing, a nature reserve, Logan's Meadow on the north Chesterton bank of the river. Also photographed in the November 1928 aerial series. The Cambridge Corporation sewage farm to the north of Cambridge to which the sewage pumping station at Chedders Lane pumped Cambridge's effluent through two miles of pipes. Partly visible in the background of the 1928 aerial photograph of the Newmarket Road industrial quarter is the manufacturing site of the electronics company Pi in Chesterton. Founded in a garden shed in Cambridge in 1896 the company grew in the 20th century to be leaders in scientific instruments, radio and television equipment, home entertainment and telecommunications with its headquarters always remaining in the St Andrews area of Chesterton. The Pi manufacturing site was photographed in more detail in 1932. In 1932 view of Chesterton featuring Pi Radio Limited Works looking southeast towards River Cam towards Chedders Lane sewage pumping station and Cambridge University and Town Gaslight Company on Riverside. 1932 view of Pi Radio Limited Works and St Andrews Church Chesterton Historic England Licensed to Cambridge Museum of Technology. In 1930 the fruit preserving factory of Chivers in Houston approximately two miles north of Cambridge was photographed in detail. The Chivers factory continued to operate until the 1980s. The former factory site is now Vision Business Park with food processing factories now located to the north of the original factory site. The railway line through Houston and Impington has been converted into the Cambridge regarded busway. The photographic quality of a bleak aerial photography of Cambridge in the 20th century would peak with flyovers in the early 1930s. By the 1930s techniques and technology had been further refined to enable low-altitude oblique photography that could render details at the level of pedestrians or cyclists at street level. Capturing social history not just geography. Cyclists and pedestrians are visible as matchstick men in a scene reminiscent of the contemporary artist Larry. The Cambridge University and town gas-like company and adjacent Chedders Lane sewage pumping station were extensively photographed in the 1930s. The town gas works had operated on the New Market Road and River Lane area since the 1820s. Built close to the river where the raw material for the gas making process coal could easily be unloaded from barges. The adjacent sewage pumping station was constructed in 1894. Photographs in the late 1920s and early 1930s captured the expansion of the gas works to meet rising demand for energy utilities. Gas storage capacity had doubled with the construction of a three million cubic feet gasometer between 1925 and 1927. The landscape directly opposite the gas works, now a flourishing nature reserve, Logan's Meadow, was bare. The war memorial to gas workers initially erected in 1921 can also be seen in its original site. When the former gas works site was redeveloped for retail and residential use in the early 21st century, the Gas Workers War Memorial was moved to New Market Road. Cambridge had a flourishing brick industry, producing the Cambridge White Bricks, which can be seen in many 19th and 20th century housing estates. Glimpses of this industry can be seen in aerial photographs from the late 1920s and 1930s. Many of the brick factories were found in the area around New Market Road near the pumping station, where there were deposits of clay. In the late 1930s, an aerial photograph of Barnwell illustrated the depths of the quarries created by extractive industries. It was in quarries near here that workers discovered some of the earliest prehistoric evidence of human technology in Cambridge, carved elephant rib together with rhinoceros and hippopotamus bones. Now stored at the Sedgwick Museum in Cambridge, a private aviator, major GWG Allen, had also caught a glimpse of what would become the edge of Marshall's airfield when photographing Cherryhinton in May 1934. Aerial views of Cambridge at War. During the Second World War, an aerial atlas of Britain was published by the Nazis. Personally commissioned by Herman Goring hit the second in command and founder of the Luftwaffe. The Coffee Table-style book was a hastily assembled montage of industrial sites, churches, country homes, and beach resorts, often copied from aero films originals. Part bombing guide for his Luftwaffe, part invasion tourist guide, Goring's Vanity Project was published after the Luftwaffe's defeat in the 1940 Bessel of Britain as a face-saving exercise. The section on Cambridge tends to overlook industrial Cambridge at the expense of university and college buildings, although Marshall's aerodrome is located approximately on a hazy horizon. The quality of photos in the Nazi air atlas was not at the same level as stereo comparators used by military photographers to study aerial topography in three dimensions. For example, a stereo comparator used by Allied reconnaissance built by Cambridge Scientific Instrument Company from Lone from the Whipple Museum of the History of Science is on display at Cambridge Museum of Technology. The Nazi atlas demonstrates how oblivious the Luftwaffe was to strategic industrial sites in the immediate vicinity of the Cambridge photo. A case in point, just down the road from the University Library in West Cambridge, the camouflaged Sebro Shorts Bomber Repair Factory for short sterling heavy bombers was unnoticed in the Nazi air atlas and throughout the duration of the war. Recent investigation by Cambridge University's Archaeology and Geography departments has illustrated how the Sebro Shorts Sterling Factory was camouflaged during the Second World War. Pino Lombardi 2015, short sterling, the first of the RAF heavy bombers. I was told about a large factory in Cambridge which repaired damaged sterlings and that many who had worked there were women. I found what I thought was the factory on Maddingley Road, hoping to find a sterling. Most of the buildings had been demolished. There were small pieces stamped with numbers while others even had the word sterling on them. Although there was little left of the factory, I realised that it must have been a huge undertaking. Post-war Royal Air Force photography of Cambridge for Ordnance Survey was taken top-down at increasingly higher altitudes. For example, the corporation Sewage Farm. Future sites of the A14 Road, Cambridge Science Park, the Business Park and Innovation Park were still fields. Most post-war photography was at high altitude and top-down, vertical in angle. Useful for urban planning but less valuable for industrial archaeology. An exception was the Cambridge Railway Station area which was photographed at low altitude on several occasions in the 1950s and 1960s by sources including the Cambridgeshire County Council Planning Department and the Cambridge University Geography Department. Visible in this close-up is the engine shed with footbridge connecting to Devonshire Road. Visible in this close-up, several of Cambridge's stations. Later sequences photographed in the late 1950s also capture the junction to the railway station located in Brooklands Avenue, train sheds and buildings in the station road area and the cattle market which is now a retail development. And from the other side of the station with a view of the railway sidings looking northwest up Hills Road towards Fenner's Cricket Ground and Parker's Peace. In the 1960s aerial photography, this time taken from higher altitude again illustrated the surface area that the railway stations occupied in southeast Cambridge. Today, six decades on, the railway station area looks very different. There is only one passenger railway station, Goods Yards and the Cattle Market have been redeveloped as residential, commercial and leisure buildings. Chalk pits to the southeast of Cambridge adjacent to the Cambridge to Newmarket railway line were photographed on several occasions in the 1950s and 1960s. The chalk pits are visible in this photograph from 1958 looking west from Coldham's Lane towards Cambridge this photograph of the same site in 1969. Cambridge Archives holds sales brochures printed by estate agents that featured aerial photographs of former industrial sites. For example, the former site of Atlas Stone Company on the junction of Coldham's Lane now the site of a supermarket and offices. This 1968 photograph also captures the Portland cement works. Aerial photographs during the 1970s captured numerous construction projects in and around Cambridge. In the south of the city, there was construction work at the new Adam Brooks Hospital. The vicinity would expand to become a biomedical campus in the 21st century. In the city centre, the Elizabeth Way Bridge was built across the River Cam as part of a ring road project. In the north of Cambridge there was construction of the A14 road section at Fenditon. Photo. A14 road construction work at Fenditon over flooded River Cam and Cambridge to Water Beach Railway Line May 1978. In north Cambridge there was development of Cambridge Science Park, Business Park and Innovation Park. A14 junction, Milton. May 1984. The area around the Corporation Sewage Farm photographed by aerofilms in the 1920s and Royal Air Force Ordnance Survey in the 1940s would be transformed in the late 20th century with the construction of industrial and office buildings. Aerial photography in the 1970s also captured changes in manufacturing and utilities landscape in east Cambridge. Since the aerofilms photographs of PIE's radio works in Chesterton in the late 1920s and early 1930s, PIE had diversified into many broadcast telecommunications and home entertainment technologies, employing thousands across numerous sites in Cambridge. This photograph shows the scale of the PIE Scientific Instrument Centre in York Street, Cambridge which had opened in the 1960s. The site is now a residential area. PIE, which had become part of Dutch headquartered electronics company Philips in the 1960s, was also photographed just a few days before opening of new facilities in the St Andrews Chesterton area in May 1978. The river cam had flooded, but this did not prevent the opening of the new buildings. These photographs also offered glimpses of the electric powered riverside sewage pumping station on the south side of the river cam. The new pumping station had opened in the late 1960s to replace the capacity of the Victorian era pumping station next door. By the 21st century, the area had been redeveloped. The PIE site had been converted to a mixture of residential housing and office buildings. The riverside pumping station, which was replaced by an underground pumping station in the 1990s, was demolished for housing, leaving the original Victorian pumping station next door, which was converted to Cambridge Museum of Technology for reopening in 1971. The National Grid Gas Archive also preserves an aerial photograph of the gasworks site in East Cambridge in the 1970s. Since the aerial photographs in the 1920s and 1930s, the University and Town Gaslight Company had been nationalised within British gas. The Eastern Division site became a store of North Sea gas when the coal powered town gas infrastructure was demolished in the 1960s, although amenities such as tennis courts and bowling greens survived. The brick and tile works in the aerial photographs of the 1930s had been replaced by industrial units and motor vehicles. The site was closed in the 1990s and redeveloped for retail and residential housing in the 21st century. 1980s, top-down views of Cambridge, the Soviet Red Atlas. A view of Cambridge in the 1980s from a Soviet map. Updated as late as 1989 with lists of industrial sites and utilities, as well as sites of public administration, the map is now archived in the Cambridge University Library Map Room. According to the authors of the Red Atlas, photographic sources for UK maps were derived from satellites rather than aerial photography, but supplemented by ordnance survey maps and some on-the-ground reconnaissance. However, information was not always accurate. An example, Starbridge Common, close to Cambridge Museum of Technology, was misidentified in Cyrillic script as a lorry park, possibly conflating the historic site of Starbridge Fair or possibly with the industrial sites that adjoin the Common. In the last 30 years, satellite photography has captured Cambridge's changing landscape, but from a long distance vertical angle, rather than the low-altitude oblique angles of Cambridge, captured in the first half of the 20th century. More recently, aerial drone technology has enabled low-altitude photography and video from oblique angles, comparable once again to the level of detail seen in series from almost a century ago. Aerial drone technology has enabled Cambridge Museum of Technology to photograph industrial Cambridge past, present, and future. From the chimney of Cambridge Museum of Technology to the recycling plant adjacent to Starbridge Common to Cambridge Science Park for relatively new constructions such as Riverside Bridge and Cambridge North Railway Station, you can explore more about the industries featured in this video by visiting Cambridge Museum of Technology from sewage pumping to gasworks to Chivers Fruit Preserving Factory, pie electronics, scientific instruments, and much more.


My name is Katelyn O'Shea, and I am presenting meningiomics, a web-based analysis and visualization tool for meningioma, omic datasets using R-Shiny. Meningiomas are tumors of the central nervous system. They grow on the meninges which surround the brain. These tumors are understudied relative to other brain tumors, for example glial blastoma, and there are no targeted therapies available for these tumors. Recent literature, however, suggests that omics data, a term used to describe biologic data such as expression, methylation, or proteomic data, are differentiating among more aggressive subtypes for prediction of progression and treatment purposes. Though an important hallmark across all disciplines in the big data era, a hub for collective analysis is of particular benefit in an understudied disease such as meningioma. Meningiomics was created to fill this role, and the application provides robust and easily interpretable graphs and analysis, and will serve as a platform for integration of future meningioma datasets. There are multiple repositories which hold publicly available omics data, but for the purposes of this initial meningiomics build, we focused on the data available in the gene extraction omnibus. We selected 11 datasets with RNA, microarray, and clinical data. These datasets were harmonized to allow for collective analysis. Clinical data were harmonized to a single common data dictionary, and expression data were lightly cleaned identically for each dataset. The application itself was constructed using R Shiny, utilizing the shiny nav bar structure to organize the application. There are no hard-coded analyses or visualizations. Anything displayed in the application is reactive to user selection. Additionally, all plots utilize poly for an interactive user experience. The application offers analysis and visualizations on both a per-gene and multi-gene basis, allowing for researchers to easily and reproducibly explore basic relationships between gene expression and clinical data. All visuals are paired with relevant analyses, including warnings if insufficient data is available to complete an analysis. A full summary of the functionality offered by this tool is available on the front home page of the application, available at the link on screen. This is a screen grab of the single gene analysis tab of meningiomics. This gene phenotype analysis describes the relationship between the gene PTTG1 and grade in the Schmitt M dataset. The user can change inputs and download the analysis and associated data if they want. Please visit the application to view further functionality or my GitHub for construction details if interested.  Dr. Grubinski received additional support from the funding sources listed below. References for this presentation are available upon request, but you can view the application or my GitHub for more information. Thank you.


Yo, that's one of the stairs. Let's look for a pic.  Yeah, he shot my knife. I should have saved my second blind I didn't realize that hookah was smoked off like that.  I don't lose these I did it this next night. I got a little excellent. Oh, hello, sage A bullet in a dream What they're behind it like deep sage was like rotating baby I'm holding be real say just hold it All these clips are taken from my live stream over on twitch.tv slash Robert Ray hearts underscore Also, if you liked the video at all consider subscribing. It's free and you can always change your mind


What's up guys, today I'm showing you how to get set up on Wonderland Time. I will guide you guys through every step of the way and if you have any question or are confused about anything that we cover in today's video, just drop it in the comments. I'm always happy to answer those for you guys. So let's go ahead and dive right into today's video. Hey, what's up and welcome to Bitcoin Daily bring you guys the best tips, tutorials and ideas to help you guys become profitable and successful investors. The goal of this channel is to empower you guys, the community with the knowledge and resources to help you get your wealth up to that next level. So if you guys are new here, don't forget to subscribe to the channel, turn on the notifications and of course guys, smash the like button on this video. All right, so today's video is a tutorial on how to get set up on Time Wonderland. If you guys are new to Time Wonderland and are not sure what it is or how it works, you could check out this tutorial that we did here earlier this week where we completely explain what Time Wonderland is, how it works and if it's something that you should think about putting your money into. For those of you who already watched that video, then you're all caught up and let's dive right into today's video. So the first step to get started on Wonderland is you need to buy Avax. Wonderland Time is on the Avalanche network, so it is actually really good because the fees are very, very cheap. So if you don't know where to buy Avax, I personally buy it on Qcoin, but here is a list of every exchange that you can buy Avax on. So Qcoin is the one I use, but you can buy it on places like Coinbase, Crypto.com, Binance. I think at this point, it's basically on any real and any major exchange, so you shouldn't have too much trouble finding it. Now the next step is you have to send it to your MetaMask wallet.  Once it's added, it should look like this where you could just pop it open and see your account. Now when you first start this, your account is going to be on the theorem mainnet. So the next step is that you have to add in the Avalanche network. So to add the Avalanche network onto your MetaMask, you go back to Google, you type in MetaMask, how to add Avalanche, click this first link right here, scroll down and literally just follow this tutorial. It tells you exactly how to add it. So once you've done that, you should have the option to click on Avalanche network. So what you're going to do here is go to, for me, it would be Q-Coin, but for you, wherever you bought your Avax, go to withdraw. And then when it asks for your address, just copy this address right here and paste it on that address. Now, another thing to note is that this is the sea chain. Okay, so Avax has a different chain. This is a sea chain. So make sure that the exchange that you're sending it from sends it on the sea chain. Sometimes you'll have a option to pick which chain you want to choose it on, you want to send it on. So just make sure it is on the sea chain, then simply copy this and go ahead and send it, make that withdrawal. So once you send it, you should receive it rather quickly. I would say in under five minutes and you should see your Avax just like this. So now here you have a couple different options. Wonderland has been making some upgrades and some changes to the protocol. So now you actually don't have to buy time itself anymore. You could just buy the wrapped memo and you will still get your rebasing rewards. So first I'm going to show you the way that I've done it because I bought time and I staked it on the protocol. So I'm going to show you that way first, then I'm going to show you the other way. So there's two ways to do it. You could either go to sushi swap. This is actually a new protocol that time is working with before they were doing most of their liquidity was on Trader Joe. Now they've been moving it over to sushi swap. So you can actually buy time right here on sushi swap.  It'll ask you to connect your wallet. Once it's connected, make sure you're on the Avalanche network. Then on the swap from, you're going to hit make sure that's on Avax swap to you're going to make sure it's on time. And then you're going to add in the amount that you want to swap. Now you never want to swap your entire amount. You want to leave some room for to be able to cover gas fees. So usually what I do is after this, the point in the first digit, I just kind of erase everything else. And and that should be enough to cover those gas fees. If you want to do it on Trader Joe, you can do it as well. It's Trader Joe XYZ.com.  Again, I'm not going to set up the entire thing. And then over here, you switch it to time. Once you switch it to time, then you will see the amount of time that you're estimated to get. And then you could just hit swap, you can see the fees here, you know, the price impact and all that. So once you have your time, then what you're going to do is hit add time to wallet. And basically what that's going to do for you is going to add it into your wallet like this. So then you'll be able to see when you have the time in your wallet.  The website is of course, Wonderland.money. You're going to hit enter app. Once you hit enter app, you go over to where it says stake. And then you're simply going to either stake it or you're going to wrap it. Now this is where the difference comes in. So what I did in the past was just stake it. So basically I would approve this and then I would hit max and I would just hit stake time at that point. Once I staked it, then it would add it to my balance right here. And that's it. I was pretty much done. But now they're actually telling you that it's better to just wrap your memo. So basically when you have time, once you stake it, it switches over into memo. Once you have memo every eight hours, this position increases the amount that you have increases.  Now every eight hours instead of your entire position increasing, what happens is that the value of your wrapped memo increases. So that's the main difference. Now how does that benefit you? Well if you're in the United States, it will benefit you because if you're holding just memo, then you're only paying once you sell, right? If you're holding regular memo, then legally you're supposed to be paying taxes on every single rebase. Every time you earn more memo, you're supposed to pay taxes on that. But it does feel like the team is trying to push everyone towards wrapped memo. So if you just want to get ahead of the curve, you could do that either way. There's really no big difference other than that, that you either going to gain more position or you're going to gain more value. Either way it's the same, right? You're still gaining the same amount of interest, whether you're in memo or in wrapped memo. So if you want to wrap it, you could just stake it so it could switch over to memo. Once you're staked, then you hit up here where it says wrap. Put the amount that you want to wrap.  If you just want to avoid all that, you could actually on sushi swap, you can swap your AVACs directly for the wrapped memo and just hit swap. And that's it. You literally don't have to do anything else after that. Your wrapped memo will now begin getting rewards every eight hours. So at that point, you don't have to go through the process of setting up, staking it and swapping the time for memo, et cetera, et cetera. So that's pretty much it guys. It's pretty simple to do to summarize. Basically, you have to buy AVACs, send it over to your MetaMask, then either buy time or wrapped memo.  If you buy wrapped memo, then that's the last step. After that, every eight hours, you will see that either balance increase or the value increase. If you guys enjoyed this video, don't forget to smash that like button. If you guys are new to the channel, please subscribe. We're trying to hit 20,000 subscribers in the next few months. And of course, if you guys have any questions about anything that we covered in today's video, drop it in the comments. I'm always happy to answer those for you. Thank you guys for tuning in. I'll see you on the next one. As always, peace and love.


Live from San Francisco, California. Extracting the signal from the noise. It's theCUBE, covering DockerCon 2015. Brought to you by SiliconANGLE Media. With special thanks to Docker. Now your hosts, John Furrier and Jeff Frick. Okay, welcome back everyone live in San Francisco. Here at DockerCon 2015, SiliconANGLES, theCUBE, our flagship program. We go out to the events, and they strike a signal of noise. We're halfway through the year. I think we have Jeff, 40 events under our belt. I'm John Furrier, I'm Jeff Frick, and we have our next guest, CUBE alumni, adventure capitalist, at Greylock, Jerry Chen, former cloud guy at VMware, investor in Docker. It's first investment, looking good off the tee. Welcome back to theCUBE. Hey guys, it's great to be back as always. Yeah, we are obviously always talk about your first investment, Docker. Now you got a few more investors under your belt. But you were making bets cloud early. Cloud is now crossed over, right? I mean, it's no brainer, Amazon numbers are released now, they've broken out, they say seven billion worth, Dave Vellante and I expected it might be more like 10 billion, if not more, huge ramp, no race to zero, certainly some commoditization, but value's shifting. Oracle's releasing numbers at a Larry Ellison event yesterday, their business is booming. So, you know, there's not a race to zero going on. So there is value in those hills. Sure, it's like I always say, you always want to ride a way bigger than you, right? So you're going to fight Oracle in the database market in your cloud era, you ride the big data wave. You're going to fight Oracle's old business or Microsoft or even VMware, you ride the cloud wave. So you look at the SaaS companies like Salesforce.com, Workday, ServiceNow, how do you fight the previous generation?  And so I think what you're seeing is the sea change of how IT is done. And when I say how IT is done, it means how it's purchased, how it's used, how applications are built, how it's deployed. And I think Docker, as you see around you, is really at the center of a lot of this transformation. You know, we had John Willis on earlier whose company was bought by Docker, great guy. He was just rolling on, just great, great plutonium in between the cube. But there's a moment in time now, I think we're BC. Okay, before cloud. Sure. And he made a great point and said, Amazon came out just to say seven years ago, just because a seven year itch is a good thing to look at. So seven years of learning. Yeah. Now people are figuring it out. You were one of those folks who was in there looking at investments post VMware, obviously the VMware visibility at the enterprise. So we're seven years in, people are figuring it out. Cloud is the way. The underlying infrastructure is changing. What is that? Because when the infrastructure has radical changes like this is huge disruption. So I've talked about this in the past, it's something I call a DDI, developer defined infrastructure. So you look at these waves and kind of the 80s and 90s you had physical defined infrastructure. We were dominated by the big system guys like son, deck, digital, right? We debated CPU architectures. And then you had kind of software defined infrastructure where you separated the logical from the physical operating systems, Red Hat, Microsoft, the all took off VMware was kind of pinnacle that software defined world. But what happens is when you define infrastructure and software, you can program it. You make it portable. And that's the beauty of this cloud wave. What I call a DDI is now to your point is every piece of infrastructure from storage, networking to compute has an API, right? And AWS was an early trend where S3, EBS, EC2 had API. And I see- As building blocks too. As building blocks. It's exactly the- Not monolithic. The monolithic building blocks, every little blue and bone block has own API. And just like Docker really is the API for this, you know, the cloud enables developer to define how they want to build their applications, how to network them, you know, as Wells talked about, and how you want to secure them, how you want to store them. And so the beauty of this generation is now developers are determining how apps are built, not just at the end user iPhone app layer, the data layer, the storage layer, the networking layer. So every single level is being disrupted by this concept of a DDI and where how you build, use, and actually purchase IT has changed. And you're seeing the incumbent vendors like Oracle, VMware, Microsoft try to react, but you're seeing a whole new generation of startups. So I got to ask you that. I love this developer driven infrastructure. It's basically software defined, software led, everything's about software and, but software consistency is key. You know, I'm a big bank and I buy drives from XYZ or servers from server Z over there, server Y and XYZ, they have different code bases. They're BC, they're before cloud. What's going to be two years? Everyone's rewriting their code, right? So this is a dilemma. So the question is developers and DevOps assume abstraction from hardware. So there's a lot of hardware vendors out there. Oracle says we're going to engineer our hardware for Oracle. Sure. That's great for Oracle. Sure. But what about the software community out there now? What's their choice? So I think you're seeing that pendulum of like engineer systems, like sun, Oracle, full stack versus, you know, best of breed software elements. I think what you're seeing is this third wave or third way rather in this called developer defined infrastructure. Before you think about it, the same architecture, your X86 plus Windows and Linux ran everything from a web server to your email app, right? The same more or less components. But now all of a sudden you have what I call metal to the management, metal to the pixel. These cloud applications, these cloud vendors are at scale where you can actually build servers, systems, operating systems for purpose-built functions. It could be big data, like Hadoop, right? It could be photo archiving your Facebook. So you look at the web giants, Google, Facebook, they build whole data centers to the dirt, right? Cooling power, optimized for a single type of application. So what I believe is the third way of this new infrastructure is you have best of breed software, mostly open source like Docker, then you can actually engineer your systems for the type of application on a ride. And look at Intel's participation with Cloudera and Hadoop community. They believe that big data applications engineered around their architecture will drive a whole bunch of usage of new server units. So I think you're seeing this third way evolve. I think it's an opportunity. I mean, you see the success of say in Nervonix out there. You're seeing the hardware guys who were young and smart and look at the integrated stuff and say, hey, you know what, if I align, it's not just about running great on VMware anymore. It's about running great on everything. So there's going to be an opportunity for the HPs, for the IBMs and the Dells and the pure storages and the EMCs out there. So those guys are the one spectrum of the metal or end-to-end. So on the end-to-end, what's your take on that piece? End-to-end architecture software running across for performance reasons. For performance reasons, there are, you know, I like to say, I think within certain functions, there's room for an end. So pure storage is a great example, right? They've architected all flash array with proprietary software around how to store and dig deeper data and they're just killing it, right? They are taking market share away from the common vendors and then probably the best kind of tier one storage solution out there, end-to-end for storage. With that said, on top of pure storage, they support VMware virtualization. They're going to support containers. They support databases, open source, closed source. So they've engineered something in their world end-to-end that far exceeds in price, performance, any incumbent, but they're still enabling your selection of technology above their stack. So this is where Docker kind of comes in because you just brought up a good point. Pure is a great example. They're a storage-only vendor, but they have hardware, but their software vision is compatible with what the world's moving to with kind of DevOps and they explain that with the folks out there, like there's this whole enablement piece so you can survive in a hardware world, if you will, if there's a good software model. Sure. I think the enablement is the right word, right? So I think the vendors who enable choice from the developer point of view, the application architecture point of view, enable choice will win and thrive, right? The vendors that restrict choice and you have to use our system, our hardware, our software, those guys will probably find some relevance in their install base, but I wouldn't bet on them the long run, right? I think that world is slowly receding and the ability to enable choice at every layer of the stack is kind of where developers are going. So are we in one BC or zero BC before cloud? We're, I mean, would you make this year the flash point last year or is it not yet here? I would say, I like to say 2015 is the beginning of the developer-defined infrastructure age, right? That this year going forward for the next 15, 20 years, kind of beginning of this new generation of how you think about developers, operations, applications and everything before this was, hey, we're enabling everything in software and that's great because that whole enablement of software and separating the physical and logical and that flexibility was useful. But again, if you're a developer, the true power of software and software-defined infrastructure is programmability and portability, right? I can now program my hardware like I do like my calculator, my computer and that's beautiful, right? Because you can all of a sudden reduce costs, increase speed, you know, like the networking stuff we were talking about earlier, now that your software is programmable and developer-defined, the agility around networking just goes through the roof. So your cohorts at VMware, Steve Herrod, Pete Sancini, yourself, all ex-VMware guys are kind of this new school. So what are you investing in? Because you guys are all making pretty good bets right now. So these looking good, Pete's also got the Cal connection. Yeah, yeah.  You've got Docker, you're at Greylock, all tier one VCs, all kind of sharp focus on this new generation. What is your investment thesis today? Obviously, data-driven infrastructure, we heard that. What are you looking for? You're always out pounding the pavement. Yeah. Pressing the flesh, getting deals. Let's talk for you right now. You make it sound so easy. So for sure, the DDI world, there's a bunch of stuff we talked about, I'm thinking about, but likewise in the data layer, right? So Greylock's invested in Cladera, we're investors in Delphix, we're investors in Tumologic and Trifactus. We spend a lot of time in the data space and we've been super fortunate to be invested in generational apps like Workday, LinkedIn, Facebook on the consumer side. And so for sure, I'm looking at two other areas. One, it's another generation of SaaS applications, like again, what's the next generation of CRM? What's the next generation of Salesforce?  The cloud wave has come, right? So they're being disruptive, but data mobility are also transforming how we think about these next generation applications. So I'm spending a lot of time on how data and analytics at that data tier will transform your enterprise applications. Could be ERP, could be CRM, could be anything and above. So you've been a couple of years in as a VC, certainly Greylock's a great firm at VM where you're on the other side of the table, you're in the industry, so you got, had a lot of experience. What's your advice to the entrepreneurs out there because a lot of noise out there, there's a lot of hype in the blogs and usually people are reading press release, I should be doing this, there's always that fear of an entrepreneur, am I doing the right thing? What should I be betting on? Where's my validation? It's usually heads down in this world of this new order, the new cloud. What's your advice to them in terms of staying the course? Sure. You've seen success and other companies out there succeed and some fail. You've seen a lot of deal flow. What could you advise for entrepreneurs?  All right, so if you pick the Docker wave, container wave, you're gonna do well because this is an edible gonna be how applications are built going forward. So pick a mobile wave, right? So if you're like Facebook or finding Google, you pick the social wave. Your Instagram and photos, trying to fight Facebook and photos, you do the mobile first wave. So pick a wave bigger than you, number one. Number two is- A trend, not so much a category. Not a category, a trend, right? And you can argue security is a trend now because it's always gonna be bad guys at your front door. So that's an edible place to invest in. Number one, so pick a trend that's gonna be larger, more powerful than your incumbents because they have a hard time changing the time. So pick a trend, a wave that's counter to what the incumbent's gonna do. Number two, especially on the enterprise side, I would say this, it doesn't matter if you're the fourth or fifth best thing they've seen all day, they're only gonna have a bunch for one or two things. So how do you make sure that the one thing you're selling hits our top to-do list in terms of priorities because if you don't have time or budget for 20 things in a year, how do they make sure they're gonna spend money on whatever you're selling? And the third thing is always, we spend a lot of time on the technology and the product, we're gonna spend enough time thinking about how to get the products into the hands of our customers. So distribution is key, right? And- On to a solution map that's pinpoint. Well, yeah, how do you reach the buyers? And, you know, my partner Neil, like to say, in the battle between your startup versus your incumbent is the battle between technology and distribution. The startups have better technology, the incumbents, you know, have better distribution, install basic customers, a sales force, a channel. So how fast can the startup build distribution, a channel, a rocket market, partnerships, you know, open source adoption of love versus how fast can the incumbents buy or build that technology? And that's the race and that's, you know, why I have a job. It's like, let's bet on great technology, but let's also think about what are the one or two or three things we need to do to enable us to get that product to market, right? Is that direct sales, is that open source, is that partnerships, that OEMs, and you know, there's no magic bullet there, but for the entrepreneur out there, let's be thoughtful about how to sell it as well. But there are so many options on distribution because distribution needs to be such a hard barrier to breach, it was such a lock-in. Correct. No further than Shadow IT and Amazon and Atlassian is down the road. They had the greatest thing, I think ever, John, you spend 10 bucks, it goes to schools in Africa and you get 10 seats. I mean, they got it everywhere with that model. It's really interesting how that distribution barrier is just not looking publishing.  And I think there's not one to your point, Jeff, there's not one path to heaven, right? I call this the unit of value. Depending on what you're selling, you got to pick the right channel, the right pricing. So if you're selling something like ERP software, or the unit of value, you sell the whole company, right? Or you're selling big data or like a juke distribution, you're selling like large systems, a lot of software for a lot of data. So that, you got large unit of value, price enough, get the right direct sales force. If you're selling something like that's an individual developer, Atlassian, right, Slack, or a drop box, where one person can use it, then your unit of distribution, your unit of value is smaller, so you can distribute through open source via the web, through the app store for some of these consumer apps. And then the question becomes, are your economics right? And how do you scale it from small to big? And it's something like a Docker, the unit of value can be very small because you get value from a single laptop, a single container. But what you saw today with Project Orca and the trust registry, you saw how they're taking that small unit of value, a single container, putting them together saying, hey, look at swarm, look at pose, look at orchestrate, look at Project Orca, we're going to add value from the small to the big. And I just love that because I think they have a, they're unlocking value all along the way from the small developer to the large enterprise. And if you can do that, you're going to build something very special. And they're also eliminating friction and the growth. So that's really a double win. It's a smooth path. And if you can make that frictionless, unlock that path, then there's a lot of value you're going to create. All right, here's a question for you. So entrepreneurs always, sometimes the ones that are nervous and don't have imperfect information, sometimes zig when they should zag. So what's your advice to them and to when not to, sometimes the best move is not to move, stay on the course, trust your gut. We've heard that advice many times from many folks, but a lot of times is always in fighting amongst teams. When should I zig? When should I zag? What's your take on that? What's your advice when you're on the boards of these companies or just in general, what's your philosophy? You know, I, there is no right answer to zig or zag. When or what, when do you do it when you don't?  Sometimes staying the course and being patient having a vision like Reed Hoffman, when he started LinkedIn, he had a vision of what he wanted to build LinkedIn into and he didn't, he stayed the course for five, six, seven years. He could smell the opportunity. He knew it. He had that fundamental insight of where he wanted to go. You look at folks like the Airbnb folks, they knew exactly what they wanted to do from the very beginning, pure storage. They knew exactly what they wanted to do, cladera. They knew what they wanted to do. So in some cases, you stay the course despite the market dynamics, the competitive dynamics. In some cases, you need to be agile and nimble. And so I think the question is not do you zig and zag or do you never or when you do it is what signals do you need to watch? And I think the great entrepreneurs and the great investors and board members can help by saying, okay, we've seen this story play out. We can pattern match, let's stay the course because we understand what's real here because we're creating real value or we're creating a deep competitive mode or saying, you know what, we've seen this before, we're reading the tea leaves that doesn't seem right. We should kind of move over something else. So sometimes you can connect the dots and see that. Good advice. Okay, what are you excited about this show? What's going on here for you? You know, I'll see you proud papa with the investment in Docker. The team's amazing, Salmon was on earlier. You saw that. Yeah, Salmon's great. You know, and he says it's about peace and love. It's not about war and destruction. It's a really happy community.  What's your, what are you excited about for here at DockerCon this year? Well, I mean, I think the top line is just the growth not to the conference, but the customers, the partners, the users. I mean, you guys see this every conference, right? I'm sure not just DockerCon, but almost every other conference you go to, people talk about Docker, right? And from the operating system application. Number one, the uses and the growth of the technology has really crossed the chasm, leave the hurdle, whatever, you know, metaphor and algae cliche you want to use, way faster than expected. So number one, the growth out there, just makes me excited because I know and I believe when you have that kind of growth, there's opportunity. There's opportunity for Docker, there's opportunity for everyone, these other vendors or the companies, companies that are here because when you have that kind of growth in the market, there creates opportunity, right? What about the money making? Because you got to see an investor, you want to get liquid. See, there's a nice private equity market going on now for public. So maybe you can take a little bit off the table, but in general, Docker has to make some business model decisions. Not now, down the road, what's your signals that you're looking for? Kind of the business models, when to monetize, how to monetize, how to look at the value opportunities? Well, I think what you're seeing here, this morning at the keynote, two areas that they're looking at monetizing. The first and foremost, you see them talk about Docker trusted registry, right? So Docker Hub, Docker Enterprise, the hosted version of private cloud version of Docker trusted registry, starting to monetize kind of the core concept of collecting managing to playing your Docker containers inside and outside enterprise. So that's, I think, the first step. And then I think what we did, what we saw on the keynote, is this project oracle, which is basically putting Docker as a platform. And Docker really is a platform. You look at the runtime itself, the container format itself, project swarm, or the swarm project for orchestration and deployment. So if you look at swarm and Docker, compose all those open source projects, collected together, Docker really becomes this cloud platform. And they saw with the project oracle, they're announcing how they're going to basically put a bunch of these components together and make it this, I think an incredible system, an incredible platform for build, ship, and running your applications. All right, final question. We're getting out of time here. Tell the folks who are watching what's happening at the show? What's the vibe? What are they missing by not being here? So first and foremost, if you're not here, number one is optimism and energy, right? It reminds me of just so many of these great communities have been likely part of that, A, the energy, the interest of every developer, every customer, right? Oh, normally I think customers versus developers, vendor versus customers, they have this antagonistic, you know, like, hey, why don't you charge me? But this conference right now, if you're not here, that A, optimism between all the parties involved is pretty amazing. And so I think for me, that's the best thing about being part of communities is why I'm a venture capitalist, right? That's why I love to be around entrepreneurs is that, like, limitless fountain of A, brilliant insights, but that optimism with these COs and entrepreneurs, I deal with. It's a wealth-creating opportunity, innovation here. It's that, you look at Solomon, he's the most optimistic person in the room, in the planet, because he only sees the potential, where things can go, and just, I just feel lucky to be around guys like that. Jerry Chen from Greylock here inside theCUBE, sharing his thoughts, commentary, vision, the investment thesis, and then Vice Entrepreneurs here inside theCUBE, live in San Francisco, and we'll be right back with more coverage after this short break.