Can you hear me now? Okay, good. So let's get going. I will try to explain something very complex in only 20 minutes. So, well, let's not waste time. So first of all, this talk is not going to be about the miraculous things that you can achieve by optimizing your server installation. It's not about extracting extra transactions or extra speed or anything like that. It's basically just going to pop up the hood and, well, look inside the engine that MySQL is. So this is why I chosen this background here. A little bit about me. So I have been, well, with this community forever, really grateful about it. It's been a life-changing event for me. I lead a team of server developers in the MySQL development team at Oracle. We specialized in security, client-server protocol, performance monitoring, and the component infrastructure that I'm going to talk about. I'm from Bulgaria and I like working from home as MySQL culture is. So that's about me. Okay, so our agenda. First of all, the reasonable question. Why do we need another infrastructure inside the server? We already have the plugins, so why? Then I'm going to go over the architecture. So basically how we are trying to address the why question. And then I'll do the inventory. Basically what services and what interfaces do we have added to that infrastructure. And then I'll try to explain how to write your own component and how to write your own service and some tips and tricks in doing that. And to honor the place that we are in right now, I'm also going to give you some homework. So whenever you see this picture on the end of the slide, this is for you to basically read through and understand. I won't really have... I wouldn't have the time to explain that in detail, but I think that the examples are pretty self-explanatory. So please, the slides are going to be on the FOSDEM site and also on my slide share. So please go over these more concrete examples. I don't have the time to go over the bits and bytes and the commas and semi-colons and all of that. Okay, so the big question here. Why? It's a historical question. So we have this great infrastructure called Plug-in Infrastructure. It sustained mass care through its initial phases. And it's really great and very convenient and very simple. The problem is that we've accumulated some scenes, some technical depth. Basically, plugins are not respecting the infrastructure and that was all done in the name of achieving goals faster and basically delivering a product. Also, I think that over the years the Plug-in Infrastructure became very complex because when you have a hammer, everything looks like a nail. So you want a hammer in and hammer out basically. And it doesn't really work like that with code. So the Plug-in Infrastructure over the years acquired some properties that are not really belonging to it, to the core infrastructure really. So I thought by just starting clean, I can avoid those mistakes and create a better layer and a better grouping and a better code division. So that's one of the important reasons, right? That same better code isolation and encapsulation, I know that's the holy grail of complex code development, but well, we should still strive to it. Another good thing is that right now plugins cannot really call each other and that's mostly because we don't have the notion of dependencies between individual plugins. We don't know if a Plug-in A depends on a Plug-in B and that infrastructure here is trying to fix it. Also, all components are equal. They can call each other and they can be called from all other components. So there is no central place of an arbiter that currently the MySQL server has for plugins. It's always plugins talk to the server and then the server talks back. Never plugins talking to each other directly, which is a limitation. Okay, so now how do we want to solve that? That's a tour of history of MySQL componentization code, by the way. So it all started with this big blob of code, which is the server binary, which has functionality in it. Later, people realized that they want to be adding code a bit simpler, so plugins appeared and server uses plugin APIs to call the plugins and then plugins use plugin services to talk back to the server. That's pretty much it until 5, 7, 8, yeah. Okay, so there were ideas on how to make this thing better, but we decided to start afresh, so in 8.0 we added this minimal chassis thing, which is basically a list of service implementations and also a dynamic loader that loads and unloads components from the server memory space, basically. Okay, obviously this is not enough because this dynamic loader is not a persistent thing. It does not track which components are loaded. It just loads and unloads components. So we added some glue code, which is basically the persistent dynamic loader. This is a layer on top of the dynamic loader that implements the persistency part using a MySQL server table, basically the MySQL components table. And we also implemented a file scheme handler, which allows the persistent loader to load components from files, executable files. And this is inside the server functionality. It's out of the minimal chassis, so that's important why we have these extra layers. And this all is called the server component currently. So we thought we should start with this basic component and close all of the current server functionality. Right, so now the server functionality can consult the registry if it needs certain functionalities. And use those. The problem is that this is part of the technical depth. The plugins can also do that directly because they have all the symbols in the server binary available to them. So in an attempt to prevent that extra acquisition of technical depth, I've created this plugin service, which allows plugins to access the data in the registry and the implementations in the registry. The idea being that one could use that too as a gradual migration device from plugins to components infrastructure. So if you have existing plugins, you can gradually start moving towards components like that. Okay, and obviously the whole deal is adding new components which are outside of the server component and they are independent. So unlike plugins, those do not have access to the server binary and all of its symbols. So they are forced into using the registry and whatever services are registered into it. And they can carry extra service implementations and register those in the registry. And because it's all in the registry, now pretty much everybody can call everybody. They all have access to the registry. They have access to all the service implementations defined in it. So basically that's how the equality of the components is achieved. They all just talk to the registry. That's the idea. So some terminology here. So I mentioned the dynamic loader. It loads and unloads components. So basically that part. So these yellow things are the actions and these other things are the object. It starts with the SQL command install and uninstall component which basically instructs the persistent dynamic loader which encapsulates the actual dynamic loader to load and unload components from the server into the server processor out of it. So what's a component? A component contains code. That's the defining characteristics of it. And this code is usually a part of it is service implementations which implement certain abstract APIs like services. We call services, component services. And these services can be a number of things. I'll show you the inventory later. But these are basically just abstract contracts between the consumer's functionality and the producer's functionality or provider's functionality. And these service implementations are registered into the registry. So the components can basically fetch references from the registry to these implementations either from their own component or from other components. So that's pretty much the terminology behind the component services. Okay, so now some homework slides. It's all written down here. You want to maybe check that later. Okay, it's basically explained in a lot of detail. Right, so the inventory. What is in that infrastructure right now? So we obviously have the registry and the dynamic loader which are services by themselves so you can access them like that. There's also the error logging subsystem. Currently MySQL uses that new infrastructure to produce its error logs. So you can basically have all of your components logging errors and so on. We support defining system variables, status variables, user defined functions which is quite handy because you don't, if you have multiple user defined functions you can have a single component and compass and call of these. And when you load the component it would automatically register all of the UDS for you. So kind of nice. Performance schema is so supported through the component infrastructure that's a great achievement so now you can also instrument your code and up your own tables that you want to instrument stuff in. Yep, security context is available as a component service. You can manipulate, well, who does your current process run as. There's password validation APIs, there's runtime error generation, there is working with collated strings inside MySQL and a lot more. It's 92 service headers so please check most of them. So how to write your own components and services? I'll give you the executive summary given the time that I have. So basically I have a bunch of utility macros if you ever written a plug in it's not very different. You can of course copy some of the existing components, plenty of examples, especially in the tests. We put tests for pretty much everything that we do. Also copy the existing service definitions because once you have your component you need to have it define certain services that it provides to other components basically. And there's plenty of examples for that, even a doxy gem section in the documentation so just go ahead and copy it all. And then also unlike plugins you need to compile it using the server source distribution. We are not yet at the point where you would take the binary and compile it. So be careful because they run in the system process, the server process and there's no boundaries, no checks and balances. So yeah, apply care basically. Okay, some more homework slides. I'm mentioning here the directories. I have a skeleton for various things basically. Yep, more. Okay, so some tips and tricks. I'll be quick here. Keep in mind that this is a binary interface. So you cannot really use the C++ way of doing things. You need to deal with handles. You need to call functions for these handles to create those, to initialize those and so on. So it's kind of a bit of a different way of thinking. You can achieve similar results. It's just that the tools are different. So keep that in mind. So here are some examples of related services. The very important concept is that unlike the plugin infrastructure where you were creating KPIs with 300 methods, storage engine API. Now you can add this atomic logically independent service APIs that stack on top of each other. So if you have a table to drive through APIs, you don't have to have a single interface driving all the aspects of a table. You can have multiple ones, like the one that just reads, the one that updates and so on. And you don't have to implement all of them for tables that do not support writing, for example. And that's a rough example. Okay, another important concept. This is again on the related services. It's important to be finding the right sets of services because if you have multiple services operating on a handle, then you want to make sure that they all understand how this handle does work internally. Because if you get two services from two different components, as is shown here, then handles from this service, produced by this service, will obviously not work in this implementation. So you need to be careful about that. So I have here an example of how you overload services. Basically, you use the service name. You don't use the implementation, concrete implementation. So whenever somebody basically defines a service, you get to use whatever implementation is here. But if later, a new component defines a new implementation of that service, your code will still look the same, but it will take this other new implementation instead of the original previously existing one. So that's a great concept. It allows you to overload an overwrite functionality that's even inside the server itself if you use components. So here are some random guidelines. Please make sure you read those. Try to use the component infrastructure macros. I know they are ugly, but I do have plans for it. So please help me out not to accrue more technical depth. Also, taking references to services is expensive. It involves taking a global lock currently and then, well, increasing some counters and so on. So try to keep references for as long as you can for as long as it makes sense for you. Okay, some more homework here. Now what's next? We are at a state where we decided internally that we shall have no new plugin APIs and no new service APIs, and the goal is to deprecate the plugins. And we also want to start dividing under the large blob of code that the Masquiao server component currently is. So that's all from me. I have 30 seconds for questions. Yes, Simon? Okay, so the question is whether we are considering versioning on the interfaces. No, the idea is that...


Welcome back folks. That was down to 81 you get the Nasdaq off 83 S&P's down 25 Let's go over to our man. Mr. Jack leasing from major league trading calm I think he's got that surfboard out and I think a couple of the instead of shocks biting them out here I think a couple bears a bite. Oh boy. I Wish guys I'm back in Chicago, man I'm dropping a tear for you man.  That is my flu Because I can't believe it man the markets, of course It was like I was thinking yeah, maybe we'll get some calm markets Of course, it's probably been the craziest market volatility wise that I've ever traded I've been like trading for ten years. I mean, obviously when I first started learning It's not exactly to the extent that I do now, but it almost seems like every Thursday you guys call There's a crazy move. Once again, there is, you know, big moves here today That I'm short some Nasdaq futures from the overnight session. So I'm having a good day myself I got supports coming in at 70 20 But the one of the things I really wanted to go over with you guys here today is just the S&P on a daily chart Just because you know, if you look if you really look at this market, this is the first break We've had since the uptrend has begun We have not had more than two consecutive days down since the lows of December Was December 26. Yeah, right. Yeah, depending on if you got the extended session turned on or offer, right? But so, you know, we're looking what's like going to be now our fourth day to close with a new low Or lower than the previous close So a couple levels that I think everybody just needs to be aware of if this selling continues where we could go And there's two things I'm watching that are deeper pullbacks. It's the halfway back for the year you know, which the low of the year right now is on the fourth of January and That load a high believe it or not The halfway back is going to be all the way at 26 26 quarter now I do think that will trade at some point this year the halfway back for the year We'll trade at some point this year whether that's right now or in three months or in, you know, right before I do not know but that 2626 really lines up well with the consolidation period of the last week of January before this leg up that really began on 29. Yeah So that's a really important level I don't know if we'll get down there But it's something that maybe could be a gravity zone moving forward and then of course the full halfway back along which would be I think a little bit of a deeper pullback that's gonna be something everybody's looking at and that's at 2568 using the low of 2316 from the 26th of December so That that's what I have for that and then as far as like if you go to an hourly chart of the S&P 500 And you look at so we had that gap up open Sunday night and that gap up open Sunday night made a new high I believe it was in the S&P in the Nasdaq both made new highs Russell and the Dow did not but from that high of the open of Sunday night to the swing low of Monday when Volatility truly picked up. I think we like a 52 point range the tending me like 23 So we just doubled the range volatility picked up in that high to low had a halfway back short You have 50% or tracing was 2793 that traded on the close of Monday consolidated all day sideways Tuesday and then we have completed those targets here So during the day if we're gonna continue to go straight down the low of Monday drawn to the current low should as that should act as our Resistance other than that you want to take the high of Tuesday and then draw that to the current low That's 2770 and that would be the next major resistance level I would look above to potentially load up on a short position. So I know that's all in your fold But that's what I got for you. Yeah, no, that's clean. That's clear Yeah, there's no doubt there's no doubt and you know bottom line is it those small caps I love the smoke caps yesterday. They get smoked. They started this baby down. Oh, yeah And you know what they started they started the move down, you know, really when we sold off last year September Yeah, they they they topped out September 21st with the market topped out October 3rd, right?  I'm looking at I got a 1510 and a 1482 with the two spots. I'm looking at 1510 and 1482 are the next two levels below But yeah, shorts are shorts are on deck really for the first time I mean you can take little trades here and there short but for the first time in a long time They worked well yesterday and today which we haven't seen so no, we haven't seen that fall through, right? That's kind of intriguing. Yeah, and how about gold guys what happened there? I thought you guys told me you're gonna keep the market bid and you know, it blows Well, look at this. It's blowing my mind that the dollar just broke its eyes and gold's only down 20 cents Yeah, there's no buying it Still buying there's always a floor in there somewhere, right? Well, yeah, I mean it looks to me like it's more than a floor because it's like this is really unusual that you can have the dollar at Highs and they can't whack gold, you know, I mean it's down from the high that we go back to February 28 13 49 I understand that but it's like yeah should be a lot lower man. Yeah, you're right You're right about that. I mean we're really checking back into the 25th of January. That's when that breakout began We had a four and a half point range there on that on the 25th and I think you know That that's really was the low in the base of the entire year So this should act as support what I wouldn't be surprised to see is just a little crack below the lows of the year down to Maybe like 1272 area just enough to scare some people take them out and then a reverse back above So that would be a potential trade. I would look for is the break below the lows of the year down to 1272 area And then the trade trigger for me would be a move back above So that's something I'm gonna know that that makes sense they like spiking it down Well, it's gonna be interesting to see in the dollar today And the index itself is that if this is gonna be a spike higher because you know that I think it's 96195 was the number no 97195. Okay, it's a high from December 14th Yeah, and we'll see whether you know, it's gonna hold it or not. We blew by it and 97 230. That's the high of February 15th Oh, so that's the high. Yeah. Yeah, so I am I'm just looking at this dollar chart So that was off the ECB press conference. Oh, yeah.  Jack It's not happening 1.1 percent not 1.7 good thing. I don't spend too much time vacationing over there No, yeah, just stick to the islands man. Just stick to those beaches. I do too, man That's why we live in Florida. That was a quick four months. That is amazing We had the build-up where you were going over there, man Then we the first show we're going back six months a year man time is crazy man time is crazy No, it was so it was so chaotic. I mean just just everything I mean my internet was not working half the time which was okay Cuz then I just go to the beach and it's just like and my landlord asked you so you gonna be back next year. I'm like Yeah Perfect, okay, man. Well, listen, we welcome home stay warm. Yeah, yeah, it'll warm up in another spring's almost here 6090 days in Chicago you might get the 50 I wish Okay, man. Have a great one. Have a safe one Jack. Take care guys. Thank you. Stay right there folks Tommy and I coming right back. We have the dial down on that 246 now. I think I've 65 speed down 21 come right back


Hey everyone, here we are Another live just got the new car. Yes, that's right the new BMW X5 M Sport Pro It's a great drive Very big. I'm not just preaching this stuff on YouTube You know about leaving these knocks behind This is something actually do for real in real life. That's what it's about Leaving these knocks behind Getting out here and living your life got the sunroof Sit back and recline Look up at the stars. Oh We've got our own stars in you.  I remember I didn't have much at all But I was still grateful even for the little amount that I had You know, just living off 500 pounds a month. I was grateful for that Even though I wanted more, I appreciated it. So yeah, you know, I don't hide All of these amazing things that I've been blessed with in my life Because it's just about showing you that you can do it, too You really can Anyone can it all starts with that belief and I know Many people will say it's not all about money But money is important too. We need money to survive We need money to fulfill our basic human needs Like food and shelter These things are very important and once you fulfill those basic human needs It's only natural That you might want other things you might want to live a luxurious comfortable life And there's nothing wrong with that and That's what brings me to this video Everything that glitters Is not gold these narcissists Will portray things to you whether it's a lifestyle personality an Image and it's just not real They may look sparkly. They may display some kind of shine But as you get closer The more you learn about them you may realize that Their shine It's just something that they're reflecting back to you because you're the one who's really shining It's like you're the Sun and they're the moon They're just reflecting your light back to you everything that glitters is not gold They will try to make you believe That they are Real gold They use that to lure you in But you need to be able to identify that it isn't real and I hope that with this material that I'm putting out It will help you to realize And to see through the facade because no matter how intelligent you may be These narcissists can fool you I've been fooled myself many times and I know a lot of you After you've watched my videos you may think I'm very smart I've been fooled so many times and I'm not saying that I couldn't be fooled again. That's why you have to stay on top of this information You have to know what you're looking for Even if you've moved on from the narcissist that you were with before you need to safeguard yourself Against narcissists in the future.  They see your kindness as a weakness something for them to exploit and Some people are just not to be trusted. You cannot trust These narcissists anyone Who seems too self-absorbed or lack an empathy. That's right Ronick studio You feel it in your gut when something is wrong with them Ross Rosenberg did a video on that You will feel it in your solar plexus You'll just feel it you'll know that something is wrong. You'll know that this person is too preoccupied with themselves but it's important to Remember as well what a narcissist is it's not just someone who Cares a lot about their appearance Someone who looks in the mirror a lot That's not always a narcissist. I mean many of us After we've been involved with narcissists for such a long time We might start looking in the mirror ourselves. We might start looking ourselves at ourselves like Wow, I'm not that bad after all, you know after everything they've said to me and Try to destroy myself with Maybe I actually do look okay So you might just look at yourself a Lot after that You might admire yourself That's great, you know, it's it's good to practice self care and self love There's nothing wrong with looking after yourself just because someone Wears nice clothes Or has a nice car That doesn't make them a narcissist Now if they're really going out of their budget and they're spending money that they don't have Buying things that they can't afford To maintain some kind of image Well, that's a completely different story Narcissists don't want to live within their means and what I mean by that is a sensible responsible person would think If they can't buy something twice Then they probably cannot afford it but narcissists are very impulsive They just want what they want Regardless of the expense or how it affects other people they don't think about it because all they can think about is Their image they have to portray this image of being superior to everyone around them Because it's all about Tricking themselves into thinking There's something they're not so That's what a narcissist is There's nothing wrong with looking after yourself at all And in fact, I encourage you to do that, of course either extreme Is not good if you're neglecting yourself Or you're over indulging That means that something's wrong either extreme Suggests a lack of self-worth a healthy person Will have a balance they might want to indulge from time to time But they will have limits and they will consider other people and that's really the difference but these narcissists They will do whatever it takes To display this image as though they're what you want going out of their means spending and money They don't have all of these things Because they're trying to trick you they want to make you think that they can look after you But then when it actually comes down to it You're the one who's looking after them. They present all of this stuff to you in the beginning And then time goes by and you're looking around wondering What happened to all of that it's future faking the glitter makes you think that there's something there Maybe there's some potential Maybe you might see something unfold in the future But no matter how long you wait along you wait around Nothing ever actualizes You never really see anything and a lot of them Can be very dangerous to you because they'll act like they've got so much going on Then they just need a little something from you Whether it's a loan or whatever it is and If you give them money The odds are you will never see it again. They will try and make you believe that they've already repaid you in some way Even though they may never have told you at the time that it was the repayment and Even if their potential does eventually lead to some form of success They're not gonna share that with you They're just gonna keep to themselves and if it's enough to last to the point where they don't need you You'll probably never see them again They'll probably just want to get rid of you then because they're only around when they need you When they need something from you many of us here are empaths When we see someone who needs our help We want to do whatever we can for them and there's nothing wrong with that There's nothing wrong with helping people at all my entire career my life Revolves around helping other people, but when it comes down to narcissists You should really limit the help that you're given to them because they will only see your kindness as a weakness They will only try to exploit you And you're never going to get anything back in return If you do It will be the bare minimum It will be far less Than what you ever gave to them and yet they lured you in in the beginning With glitter They made you believe that they had something to offer you something to share But then when it came down to it, they had nothing to give Like they're glowing and you'd swear that they have something to offer you You'd swear that they have something to share But no matter how much time you spend around them, you never see anything manifest and it's just you Invest in all of your time energy and money Because you think that because it glitters it must be gold and you don't get anything back initially They use the future fake in the false promises the fake epiphanies to keep you around and you're just Waiting around doing all of this stuff for them Never getting a return on your investment Some people waste their entire lives Doing all this stuff for narcissists Making their lives easier More convenient and at the end of it they get nothing and in fact they lose everything or because They thought that that glitter was real gold and these narcissists know exactly What they're doing they know that they don't have any goal to share with you They know that it's just glitter It's fake they know that but they're not gonna tell you that They're gonna try and trick you because they know that will keep you around They know that will get the what they want from you, but you need to trust your intuition Pay attention to the red flags If you've watched my videos, you should know what to look for Don't let another knock fool you They will do whatever it takes to make you believe them and you want to believe them You want to believe that it's real and then you just feed into the illusion you feed into the fantasy You're co-creating This reality with them. That's really what you're doing. You're co-creating it and when you realize that When you develop an awareness of what you're doing Then you can pull away Then you can see what's really going on Everything that glitters isn't gold Thank you all for joining this live video. There will be more premieres tomorrow So I hope to see you there


This scoping review examines the integration of artificial intelligence, AI, into pediatric rehabilitation interventions targeting the participation of children and youth with disabilities, or other diagnosed health conditions in valued activities. The study found that most of the included studies used multiple applications of AI, with robotics and human-machine interaction being the most prevalent. Most interventions were delivered in person, with only 11% being delivered remotely. Only 1% of interventions was tailored to patients' individually reported participation needs, and only one intervention described individual goal-setting as part of the therapy process or intervention planning. The study identified three major gaps for further research and development. A lack of remotely-delivered participation-focused interventions using AI, a lack of individual goal-setting integrated in interventions, and a lack of interventions tailored to individually reported participation needs of children, youth or families. This article was authored by Vera C. Kalin, Mina Valizadeh, Zurasadeh Salgado, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.


We move to the last talk of the session, which is called Undistinguishable Proofs of Work or Knowledge by Fondini Bardimti, Agelos Kejas, Thomas Zakarias, and Bin Chenzang. And the talk is given by Thomas Zakarias. Hello. I will begin my talk with some motivation. So let me get this hand out of my hole. Okay, so the first time that we run to discuss about this concept was by a simple observation in standard proof of knowledge protocol. So just to remind you, a proof of knowledge is an interactive proof where a prover convinces the verifier of the validity of some statement. And this is done in a way such that honest proofs always verify, this is the completeness property. And if a prover manages to convince us with some proof of probability, then we actually have a mechanism to extract the witness. And in most interesting constructions, this is done in a prover privacy manner. You can hide the code of the prover either via zero knowledge or some relaxation like witnessing usability or some other variant. A very prominent example is the Snorand Identification Scheme, which is essentially a proof of knowledge of a discrete logarithm. We run in three moves called the Commitment A, the Challenge C, and the Response R. And it is what we call a Sigma protocol, which means it's an interactive proof, public coin, three moves that achieve special soundness. It's a strong proof of knowledge property and zero knowledge against honest verifier. So what we were thinking is that, okay, we are convinced that actually the prover knows the witness, but how did the prover manage to do that? So what was the way? Did it actually happen to do this efficiently because it had some priori knowledge, the witness? Or did it actually spend some super polynomial effort to solve this specific challenge? Okay, so we're starting to see it more generally because this is a very special case. Actually, the knowledge challenge and the work challenge are exactly the same, but assume that you want to be convinced that a prover either can solve a problem or it knows something. And where could this be useful? And we run into the seminal paper from work an hour for proof of work. It was called as pricing functions then. And it was a proposition of how you could have a reducing spam mechanism via these tools. So we have a mail receiver Bob, a mail sender Alice and a mail server. And we want to have a reduced spam in this mechanism. So what we do is that if Alice is an actual valid contact, then it proves some knowledge that it is the branch of proof of knowledge in order to run a proof hold that it's a contact. And if someone is not like Eve, for example, then the system somehow forces the non-contact to run some, for some time or spend some computational results to show to be approved. So in this sense, someone who's actually a spam and is not a contact will be discouraged from such an attempt. The problem with this is that there is some leakage in privacy here because for this to happen with a DN-92 approach, the mail server gets to know Bob's contacts. And a very nice idea of how we could advance this technique is how we can do that so that the privacy of the contacts is preserved, so that this is not leaked. So you would use a tool that the senders can prove that either they know something that relates them to the receiver or they have spent some amount of resources. And this is done in a way that is privacy-preserving which means that the prover's mode what the prover chose in order to follow and prover remains unknown. And now I will just tell you that what would define a model as proof of work is via the concept of cryptographic puzzles where in this sense a verifier challenges the prover with a puzzle, the prover returns a solution and if the verifier accepts then this means that he's somehow certain that the prover has spent an amount of work given that we believe that this problem is somehow hard. And all that somehow came to mind and brought us to this concept that we will call as proofs of work or knowledge now for brevity-poe works where you prove that either you know a witness to a statement or you perform some work and you do it in an indistinguishable manner. So in more detail our contributions are first we define formally what is a cryptographic puzzle system and then use this notion to define poe works that are now defined with respect to some language in NP and a fixed puzzle system. We will provide an efficient three move poe work construction and instantiate our puzzle systems with two different ways, one we use around the miracle way and one we rely on complexity assumptions. And finally in order to provide some intuition why this specific new class is somehow useful we have two real-world applications. First how you actually said before you spam in a privacy preserving manner and how you could build like a hybrid from currency system with enhanced liveness and we also provide a theoretical application where you get a three-round concurrent and simulatable argument of knowledge which is definition from process work. So to begin with cryptographic puzzles. So what we see as a cryptographic puzzle in an informal way is that it's something that you can sample the puzzles and generate them in a fast way and you can verify them in a fast way but must be hard to solve. Maybe not intractable but certainly we'll have some parameterized hardness and we will also ask that the puzzles are what we say a mortization resistant. This means that if you take up lots of puzzles doesn't provide you with some significant advantage with respect to trying to solve them one by one. And for our constructions we require a special property that we actually prove in our instantiation that the problem is puzzles to be dense. What we mean by dense is that if you somehow sample randomly from the length of the puzzle space and coding then it is with high probability you're going to run into a puzzle. And when we mean by proof of work we don't actually restrict parallelizability because we're not talking about a specific time here. We're talking about what we generally can be seen as computational resources. So now a puzzle system in a more formal approach starts with three standard algorithms which is a sampler, takes a hardness parameter rates and that puts a puzzle and there is a solver algorithm that takes the parameter on the puzzle and will out to a solution and there is a verifier that will actually have the parameter take a pair of a puzzle and solution and we'll check if this solution is valid. A dense puzzle also we require to have an extra algorithm that we call sample sol, sample solutions which means it doesn't actually only put a puzzle but a pair of puzzles and solution. Our properties are, the easy stuff is that the completeness of the sampler and the correctness of the sample sol should actually happen with the programming probability. It should be efficiently sampleable. What I want to stick a bit more is what we define by hardness. So we define by hardness with respect to some scaling function which means that if I give the, provide the adversary with a puzzle then and here it ends with a solution the probability that he managed to do that in a time scaled by G with respect to the solver that we have is negligible and let me tell you what I mean. Assume for example that our solver is an algorithm that runs some brute force search in two to the lambda steps, lambda the security parameter. So the best thing that we would hope for is that G is actually the linear function. So we don't have any scaling with respect to that but this is not what something I would expect. What we would expect is that someone who runs a brute force search if it does square to the two lambda steps the probability that he actually finds a solution will be negligible. So here G would be the square root function. Generally J G is a sublinear. For the density and the privacy that we will require in our proofs we want the sampling distribution of the two sampling algorithms is indistinguishable and we define a mortization resistance with respect to a parameter K which is the number of the puzzles that you give us a batch and the scaling function which of course depends on how many puzzles you see, you provide. So this actually tells us this definition in an informal way that if I provide K puzzle you don't have an advantage more than a scale of a T with respect to solubility and one by one. For example, it could be that one puzzle takes two to the lambda steps and K puzzles take no more than one of a capitol to the lambda steps. So if K is polynomial again you're still hard. Given a formal definition of puzzles will actually enable us to prove to show formally what is a Pogwork. So Pogwork is an interactive proof and a verifier and it is F sound if it satisfies the following properties. First, the completeness property which means that an interaction either with the proof running on the knowledge mode this is has the witness or by having the code of the solver then this could be accepted with the should be accepted with probability for valid statements and actually I'm sorry for this RL that pops up there it's not right or left it's actually witness relation I have some compiling errors whenever I do save and export it always gets me that or something new. I mean, it's like the suitcase problem you have to put many things in a suitcase and you squeeze and something new pops out every time so this will happen. And then I said, okay, I cannot deal with that. So when you see right and left it's the witness relation for RL, okay. So now soundness is defined with respect to again a scaling function F which means that over the coins of the sampling algorithm if a prover manages to to persuade us within a time which is scaled by F with respect to the time of the solver then it actually did that because it knows something it didn't work, it knows so we can extract it via an extractor. This is F soundness. And its usability says that the view of the verifier it is indistinguishable even whatever the mode of the prover is is it the knowledge or the work mode and this property directly implies the standard witness visibility because every witness interaction with some witness is indistinguishable with a reference point which is the work mode. Okay, so now the construction first to give some intuition of why this notion makes sense so you can have a trivial four round construction by having the verifier sending a puzzle and the prover without either commit and provide a zero knowledge of knowledge of the witness or it can commit to a solution and provide a zero knowledge proof that send a solution. So this can be done in four rounds. It is much more interesting to do it in three rounds. So we actually have a compiler which in text a three round special sound it's VCK protocol and a fixed puzzle system and thus produce a three round poor work. Just to remind you what a three move special sound it's VCK is. So it is a protocol with respect to someone in pain language. The prover runs again in a commitment a challenge C and response are rounds and will prove the validity of the statement with a completeness property the special soundness property which means proof of knowledge in the sense that I have an extractor that if I provide the extractor with two accepting transcripts then we can extract a witness and we have the zero knowledge against an honest verifier. So how would this construction work? Have in mind that because we wanted this disability the two modes should appear similar. So see that the flow here. What is done is that the prover starts with running the first move of the underline it's VCK protocol. It produces a commitment a prime it sends it to the verifier the verifier will send that challenge and now what will happen is the and now that's the word density comes up. So the prover will sample a puzzle and solution and will set us the challenge of the underlying protocol as the XOR of the verifier challenge and the sample puzzle and will run the third move of the underlying protocol given this C prime. And it will output so the third move of the power work is the C prime the R prime and the pair of puzzles solution. The verifier will run the following checks. First that it's challenge is actually an XOR of C prime and pass and the transcript of the underline protocol verifies and of course that solution is accepting. Now we have to go to an approve of work mode that looks the same for this possibility reasons. So in this case, we use a simulator that is given by the HPVCK property of the underlying protocol. It simulates a valid transcript and sends a prime to the verifier. The verifier will again respond with C but what is going to change now is that now the prover does not the witness it has to work and how it will work. It will work by computing a puzzle that it is the XOR of the given challenge and the simulated one and now because this is uniform and density happens this must be a puzzle. Okay, that's why we need dense. So what given this puzzle it will run the solving algorithm it will output a solution will send it to the verifier and the verifier will actually run the same checks. And what is the security that we get here? So given some reasonable assumptions that it's very easy to get if we require the challenge and puzzle sampling distributions are very close. This can happen for every distribution which is close to uniform and that solve is actually the slowest algorithm of the ones involved. So what we get is that for this language and of the underlying protocol and the puzzle system that we fix then if the puzzle is G hard we get a Pogwork which has constant with respect to G soundness and statistical inscrusability. So what remains now is that okay we have our three round special sound SVCK protocols and in order to plug something to our compiler we need to have the dense puzzles. So let's build some of them. We provide two construction one is based on the other molecules and one is based on complexity assumptions. So the first one is actually the first that would come to mind. So what can I think of a puzzle? Let's just think that I have a hash function and I will require that this I will give actually the hash puzzle, the last I have a hardest parameter eights.  Okay, give me the last eights, eights bits of so LSB eights means the last eights bits of randomly picked X. So I will give you this as a puzzle the solution here is X and now you are going to start running the hash until you find something valid. And of course the verifier will check whether the solution is actually if you have the solution take the eights bits it's actually the challenge puzzle. So it's something which is the first thing that would maybe will come to mind. And what it buys us is that for some meaningful parameters like eights the hardest parameter lies between the square root of the the square log of the security parameter and L over four. And for some constant C which is greater than two and some quite big K we get that in the random oracle model this has a C root soundness that's the scaling we get for every C greater than two and it's actually a mortization resistance with respect to the identity function that's what this idea. So we don't actually have any loss there whenever the batch of puzzle is no more than K. A more interesting construction is how to go to the complexity assumption setting. So here we are going to build our construction based on the hardness of one way related to primitives and discrete logs. So we construct, so we start with a universal one way hash function. This is a universal one way hash function is a one way hash function with a specific property that you can actually an adversary can not actually plug into two inputs that have the same evaluation. So this is target collision resistance and we build an extractor that has a similar property and this can be seen as independent interest of independent interest. And now given that we have this TCR strong extractor and some arbitrary one wave function we get that this function we don't have to get into details but this function is actually a dense way and one wave function. What we mean by dense is that it is output it's close to uniform. Not only it's one way but it's somehow very beautifully distributed in the range. And now that we have all the tools what we do is we somehow instantiate this F with a well-known one wave function so we get the inverse of the log and our puzzle is actually this one wave function some parameters that some randomness which is used for refreshing the puzzle and the solution is required to have a length of the hardest parameter. So again what we have is that I'm not going to go into so much detail here. So the parameters regarding security of these constructions are similar with the previous one but now we assume some reasonable hardness assumptions for the extractor and the discrete logarithm just to tell you that for these specific parameters these hardness of the log holds in the generic model. You can take another assumption if you like but we just provide this an instantiation because this is actually what soups result tell us. I will continue with some applications which is actually the last part of our contribution to show why this complexity class makes sense. So our first application coming back to the intro is now that we can use directly a Pogwork not completely directly but quite easily and have what we liked in the first place that we have our reducing spam mechanism that the prover does not actually reveal its mode of proving so it is a privacy-preserving reducing spam. Another interesting maybe application is how we could build a cryptocurrency that has robustness, has enhanced liveness property and how could this happen is that most blockchains use a decentralized public ledger that runs proof of work, okay. There has been some counter arguments against this overwhelming use of resources that is expanding so there are some new constructions that are based in signatures which can be seen as proof of knowledge of some secret key that you hold some income. So what if we could build a hybrid case? What do we mean by a hybrid case? Assuming that you have a system that runs normally via standard proof of work method but something happens and most of the miners go offline. We would like somehow to the ledger to remain live here to present this liveness property of blockchains. So we could have something like a trap door, like a backup which could be a priority, a trusted body that could use the proof of knowledge mode and issue blocks in case of such an emergency and then again go out if this emergency doesn't hold anymore and revert back to the proof of work setting. This doesn't mean that this is not essentially a decentralized proof of work approach. It means that it is like a proof of work with a backup in order to enhance liveness. We can discuss whether if this is interesting but you can do that with a power work you can do that in a way that you can hide whether this emergency happened and so you can hide every possible impact that could happen to the economy if they someone knew that blocks are being issued because the miners are down. So this is not revealed. And the final application, we use pass as a result and to show that, so pass as a result have some very interesting notions of simulatability like a general and somehow meaningful relaxation of zero knowledge. And we show that under reasonable assumptions about what could be the hardness of our puzzle, actually every hard puzzle should satisfy them. Then our power construction is a straight line simulatable protocol and since this is a close standard polynomial class, this lambda of the polygonal time, then we plug in the results of pass and we get a three round concarnatory simulatable argument of knowledge which actually reduces by one the four round construction for the same primitives that original pass had in their paper. And some conclusions on future work. So as we said, we define power works. We did it via defining puzzle systems and had instantiation and constructions and we provide some applications and some interesting future directions that we can think of is why not having some alternative power constructions? Why not seeing the relations of this notion with other known complexity classes? Some more applications in the real world would actually give more boost of why it's nice to use such a primitive and new puzzle system associations that could plug in so that we have a flexibility of which is the set up setting that we could plug in our hardness arguments. And that will be the end of my talk. Thank you very much. Is there any question? You're to run a searchable encryption. You mean, and what would be the proof of work method, the reduced mechanism? I don't have actually a direct answer. I'm not saying that it cannot be done by that. I cannot have my set up the efficiency here. I'm not saying that it cannot be in another way. Maybe you can plug in searchable encryption and work but this is somehow more straightforward like it was like the natural extension. So you can use proof of work and prevent spam. So it's a way to do it. Okay, that sounded meaningful. In the seminal paper of proof of work, this was the main motivation. Use this to prevent people that are not actually belong in your likely to be your family, whatever that means, so that you prevent them from doing stuff. And now let's do that. Why let's extend this nice motivation that actually was an initiative for doing all this proof of work modeling stuff in the paper. So let's try to do that in privacy presented with Niner. Whether it is faster to do the searchable encryption as in a symmetric setting, I don't know if it makes sense because I know that searchable encryption is fast but I don't know in a public setting if it would be more efficient than what we do now. But again, I don't have a direct answer. I have to check about this. Okay, let's thank Thomas again and all the speakers of the session. Thank you.


Hey guys, it's Andy, have you ever had the objection? I've only got 15 minutes.  I'm going to show you how to overcome that objection, so it will never be a problem again. Okay, guys, this is going to be overcoming the objection. I've only got 15 minutes, and let me explain this to you real quick, okay? Do you know what a program response is? A program response is that something that our customer gives us, that someone gives us when they really just kind of want to speed up the process, okay? They maybe really don't think that they need help. And I feel like that that's what customers do with us as sales people. They tell us, hey, you know what, I've only got 15 minutes. You know why? What they're saying is, maybe I spent too long with someone else down the street, and I don't want to make that same mistake here. So I'm going to tell you this right now, I've only got 15 minutes, and then if you do your job and you earn the right to ask for more time and for them to stay longer, then that just magically happens. So whenever I hear someone say, I've only got 15 minutes, I hear a lot of sales people really choke up on this, and they'll actually do one or two things like, okay, cool, well, obviously, you know, I bet if I had the right deal or something like that, like you'd probably stick around a little bit longer, wouldn't you? And man, I'm going to tell you, that's exactly what the customer wants to hear from you. They think that you're this person that's about to pull some high pressure on them, and you just proved it. Don't do that, okay? I wrote a word track right here. See this word track, guys?  What I do when I sell, I have tattooed on my heart the word tracks that I'm going to use when the objections start flying in. So if you'll slow down for a second, and if you want to become the best and you want to be great, you may only use 70 to 80% of this. That's fine. This is the exact same word track that I use every single time when I made 700 grand a year selling cars, and I use it word for word. So I decided to write it on the board for you so you can actually write it down. So overcoming the objection, I only have 15 minutes. I want you to take, and you can pause it right now, and you can literally write this down. This is how easy it is. So the customer comes in and they say, hey, we've only got 15 minutes, and you say, hey guys, I see you. Listen, I appreciate you. Sorry for interrupting the video. I just wanted to tell you real quick, please do me a favor. Comment below. Let me know what you're struggling with. Let me know what you think about the video. I reply to every single one of my comments. I'm here to help you. And by the way, please like the video, subscribe, share it with the friend. Let's get back to the video. Oh, I understand completely. I hear that all the time. Now you let them know that you heard that. Now they'll hear you. You say, yeah, I understand that. I hear that all the time. But as busy as life is for most of us, we have to be extremely good at respecting people's time. We have to be really fast at our job. So, right, and if you watch this and you slow down, you'll understand this. When you memorize it and you tattoo it, your customers, they don't really have the objection. They only have 15 minutes. It's not like they pull it in the lot and he said, hey, honey, I only got 15 minutes and then we got to get out of here. No.  So they want you to stick to that objection and actually get you off your game. So you want to make it flow nice and easy. I understand completely. I hear that all the time. As busy as life is for most people, we have to be extremely good at respecting people's time and be fast at our job.  They say, yeah, we are going to be replacing it. You say, OK, cool, man. Looks like a really nice car. How long have you guys had it? They say, well, I've had it for about three weeks. I've had it for three years. I've had it for nine years. You say, man, that's awesome. We actually do really well with these trade-ins. I love that. How many miles are on it? And all of a sudden, guess what? Are we talking about I only have 15 minutes anymore? No. I want you to understand I only have 15 minutes. I only have 15 minutes. I don't say a word for word back to them, but I say, hey, I hear that all the time, which means I'm not afraid of it. And then my next one is, as busy as life is for most people, we have to be extremely good and watch. Use the word respecting. That's why you write it down. We have to be extremely good at respecting people's time. We have to be extremely good at respecting people's time. We have to be extremely good at respecting people's time. And we have to be fast at our job. Do they want you to be fast at your job? Yes, they do.  Let them know, man, look, in this business, we have to be great at respecting people's time. And we have to be fast at our job. So I got you.  I only got 15 minutes. I'm going to say, hey, not real quick. I didn't even ask you guys.  And they're going to say, no, we're not. I'll say, awesome, cool. So you're just adding a vehicle to the household? Yeah, OK, great. So what is it that brought you in today? What are you looking for? Move past it. Get off of it. But I want to show you, as I choose these very simple, small objections, the small stuff is what a lot of people get hung up on. I want to teach you guys that, look, I love closing negotiations, overcoming objections, all the big stuff. But I see people get stuck on these big things. But I see people get stuck on these really small things. And guess what? Throws them off their game. So take this word track and write it down. Memorize it. Say it over and over and over again. I promise you it'll help you and you'll love it. It'll make you never get stuck on this objection again. Hey, guys, number one, thank you so much for watching the entire video. You guys are awesome. I'm grateful for you. If it wasn't for you, I wouldn't have my training program, so I thank you, I thank you, and I thank you. I got three things for you real quick. Number one, shoot me a text message. If I haven't met you, I would love to. My phone number is<PHONE_NUMBER>. Shoot me a text. I'd love to meet you. Secondly, go to Facebook. Join Andy Elliott Car Cells Nation. That's Andy Elliott Car Cells Nation, one of the best Facebook groups in the world, hands down for automotive sales training. And then lastly, I've got over 500 videos on YouTube, guys. Keep up the training. Keep watching the videos and crush it.


What's up everyone, it's your girl, Kenzie here from Lane Sports Cards and I am ripping new release 21 22 Panini Immaculate basketball hobby 5 box full case break number 14 pick your team going to go over the teams here and we will get started we got Bernard H with the Pelicans Brian T Hawks Edward P with the net Z gone big ZQM with the Pacers Nix Warriors calves Lakers Rockets magic and pistons hang away with the heat to Hilton T Thunder hero. S sons Jalease D with the Blazers James M Kings Jenna P with the Bulls and the Wizards Kenny T with the T Wolves Linquan Y Spurs Marvin and Nuggets Morgan L Hornets Nicholas T Bucks Nick E Sixers Lauren W with the Mavs Grizzlies and Celtics Peyton P Clippers Sean M Raptors and Stan L with the Jazz. All right, here we go. I'll drop the link here for you in a minute sour. First look of I'm at basketball for me. Super excited. All right, those last teams were marinating. Let's see what we can do again. Everyone we've got 12 teams left in the next break 12 to go in the next one. Let's get that filled up. Breaks right after this. That's seven total cases of iMac basketball going today. Three cases of impeccable football and then ending the day with the flawless case, random division style. Here we go. Good luck everyone starting off with the Rockets and Josh Christopher rookie base 25 of 25 bookend. Thanks Will. Thank you for dropping the link. There's a link right below. Yes, our will drop to for you. We've got patch two out of 99 miles bridges for the Hornets Hornets patch. Nice Jersey numbers on the jumbo rookie patch 45 of 50 Brandon Boston Junior for the clips. Nice two colored patch there. And we've got RPA Usman Garuba 13 of 16 for the Rockets. Nice Garuba. One of the last teams taken still available in the next break. We've got for the Celtics past and present signatures 45 of 99 Robert Williams the third for the Celtics. Oh my gosh. Who's got him? Hold on. What a nasty card. I saw this guy had a bunch of autos in this product too. Wow. Look at this. We have a one of one sneaker swatch signatures of Dwayne Wade. Boom. Hang why with the heat. Oh my gosh. Look at that. That is nasty. One of one on car D Wade auto. That is nasty. We were literally talking about wanting to pull one of these sneaker swatches. That's crazy.  As you can see we will send a box here with you hang hopefully get that taken care of but nasty card. Wow. We will mag that for that's going to need that. Let's get that box here. One second. Alright that's box one. We have four more to go. Get everyone we've got. Let me refresh plenty of teams left in the next one. We have six more cases of this to go. Let's get these filled up.  Number 15 still 12 to go. 12 left breaks next all teams on sale. There is the link for it again. If you are a YouTube member be sure to check out the community tab. There's a 10% off coupon that is good for today only that you can use toward these breaks. So definitely check that out. 12 to go in the next one. Let's get this filled up. Alright we got 14 of 99 Tyrese Maxie for the Sixers. Sixers base there. We've got 45 of 99 Clay Thompson splash bro patch there for the Warriors came worn on that one too. That's sick. Very nice. Look at this. Number nobility Jaden Springer five of eight. There you go Sixers. Very nice. Billy that is sick. Five out of eight. Grats on that one. We will mag that for you. And we've got five of ten rookie auto for the Raptors. Denalo Banton. Nice looking card there. Imak is always so sharp on the inaugural ink. Five out of ten Raptors one of the last teams taken too. Told you all they're marinating. Nice one there. Then we've got Shadow Box. One of my favorite sets in this product. Miles Turner 35 of 99 for the Pacers. Here you go Pacers on the Shadow Box. Oh this one's cool too. This team has a sneaky checklist. Let me tell you who's got this team going to Hero S. We've got Patch Auto Steve Nash. Wow on the three colored patch on card auto. Jersey number two 13 of 25. Congrats on that one.  Cam worn Steve Nash. Jersey number. Love it. We'll mag that one for you.  Two boxes. Two big vets. That means we're going to have a big, big logo man RTA right. Right Dylan. He's feeling it. We're going to pull on. We're going to pull one. We have to. We have to. Come on. Box three. Get everyone. 12 teams left in the next one.  Coming up quick here. We have bowls 38 of 49 base card DeMar DeRosa bowls got rookie patch for the Pelicans 43 and 99. Strain Murphy the third in the warlands. Then we've got patch. The standard 16 of 99 Joellen B for the Sixers on the jumbo patch. Sixers. Past and present signatures 38 of 99. How about a little Mugsy. Mugsy Bones. Charlotte. Charlotte. Can you believe he played what over 10 seasons in the NBA at five foot three? That's seven inches shorter than me. Five foot three playing in the NBA. Crazy. Then we've got past and present signatures Rudy go bear. They go jazz 20 of 99 20 of 99 for the jazz. We got a nice one here. We've got horizontal RPA 25 of 25 book and for the wars. Warriors Moses Moody. Nice one there. Warriors was a Zekeal. There you go Zeke 25 of 25 book and two color patch. There we go. Alright let me check on this next one. Spots coming in here. One minute. See let's see. Down to 10 on the next one. 10 to go everybody. We've got Cavs, Pistons, Warriors, Rockets, Clippers, Lakers, Heat, Magic Kings and Raptors. 10 to go. There is a link again all on sale. Man that D-weight is so nasty.  That's thick too. Those shoe swatches are always super thick. Alright we got a redemption on the bottom. Good luck. Good luck. We got Brennan Ingram 76 of 99 Pelicans. We've got Celtics Jalen Brown 33 of 99 Celtics. Rookie patch 48 of 99 Kate Cunningham. There you go Pistons. Yeah one of the last teams taken. Nice one there. And we've got inaugural In going to the Hawks. Rookie Otto 64 of 99 Jalen Johnson for the Hawks. Rookie Otto. We've got Past and Present Signatures 12 out of 25 going to the Magic. R.J. Hampton. Wish they'd let him play a little bit more. But I feel like they never really utilized him even before they had Frons and Suggs and all that. Alright redemption time. Let's slow roll it. Empty there. Good luck everyone. Come on logo man. Basketball and maculant. Duel autographs. Duel autographs card 15. Caruso and Austin Reeves. Wow. They both play for the, oh wait no. Caruso let me see. Hold on. Let me see if Caruso is a Laker in this or if he is going to be a bull. Caruso. Uh yeah so he is a bull on this. So Lakers and Bulls. Let me see. Lakers is Ezekiel and Chicago is Jenna. So this is going to be a random to both of those teams. Those teams. That will be a random here at the end. Yeah I just wanted to double check because Caruso was a Laker before so it could have been a Duel Laker Otto. I always have to check the checklist. Alright last box here. Hey Caruso is a goat. What do y'all mean?  What you mean? Alright. Let's see. Nicholas taking the bucks in number 18. Thanks for hopping back in Nick. Let's see where we are on this next break. Still 10 to go y'all. 10 left on the next one. There is the link.  Alright last box here. Then we will run that random and do a recap. Again if you are a YouTube member be sure to check out the community tab as there is a 10% off coupon that is good for today only. You can use on these breaks. We've got four of 99 Rookie Cameron Thomas. Nets. We've got dual jerseys here for the Rockets. Jalen Green and Alphinson Goon. Nice one there. 64 is 75. The Rockets up and coming stars here that's for sure. They're sick. Look at this jersey. Literally massive jersey patch. Franz Wagner that is 20 of 25 for the magic. Congrats on that one magic. That's sick. I love all the magic colors in that patch. Nice four color patch there. We'll mag that one. We have another one of one. Another one. Who's got this team? Who's got him? I was hoping it was him. He said he had him this break. One of one. Immaculate Inc. Bobby Portis going to the Bucks. There you go Nicholas. Congrats on that one. Nice one of one. And he just bought him again in break what? Number 18 I said. There you go. One of one. Immaculate Inc. Very nice. We'll mag that for you Nick. Congrats. Then we've got horizontal RPA 16 of 25. Jaden Springer for the Sixers. You go Sixers. 16 of 25. Three colored patch there. And last card of the break. Nice one here. How about a Jaren Jackson Jr. 7 of 15. Beautiful Grizzlies patch there on the two colored patch auto. We'll mag this one for the Grizzlies. Congrats there. All right. What a break. That's funny sour. You're going to get in trouble. All right. Go ahead and do a. Oh, hold on. I need that redemption. I need to do the random here real quick before we do the recap. One second. Again, that was bulls and Lakers. The Caruso and Austin Reeves dual auto. We had Caruso is bulls, Lakers, bulls, Lakers. Again, whatever team is on top afterwards. We'll get this again as a dual auto card 15 Alex Caruso for the bulls and Austin Reeves for the Lakers. All right. Here we go. We're going to roll the dice. Good luck to both teams. Eight times on the random. Good luck bulls and Lakers. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. Going to the Lakers. Ezekiel with the Lakers. Congrats on that one. We'll just tag that Lakers. All right. Now we will do a recap. Thank you. Look at all those mags. All right. All right. We had Joel and B to Sixers, Kate Cunningham, Pistons, Jalen Brown, Celtics, Miles Bridges, Hornets, Clay Thompson, Warriors, Brandon Boston, Jr. Clippers, Jalen Johnson, Hawks, Jalen Springer, Sixers, R.J. Hampton, Magic, Mugsy for the Hornets, Rudy Gobert, Jazz, Pacers, Miles Turner, Robert Williams, the Third, Celtics, Usman Garuba, Rockets, Banton for the Raptors, the dual patch of Jalen Green and Shengun for the Rockets, Tramer for the Third Pelicans. Then our Macked Cards. We had the Franz Wagner Massive Patch, Magic, the Nameplate Nobility, Jaden Springer, Sixers, Moses Moody on the Horizontal RPA, Warriors, Steve Nash to 25, Jersey number, Patch Auto Sons, nasty one there. We had the Jaren Jackson Jr. Patch Auto for the Grizzlies, the One of One, Immaculate Ink Bobby Portis, nice one there, Milwaukee, and then the One of One Sneaker Swatch Signatures of Dwayne Wade. Wow, nasty one there. Congrats everyone. Thanks so much for the fill. We've got number 15 coming up once it's filled.


Everybody forced here ripping 2022 bowman chrome baseball sapphire hobby five box number two random team style Results link is in chat. You can always find these late sports cards calm. Thanks for joining everybody. Good luck No recap on this one guys run a little behind tight on tight schedule here, so Good evening brace coming up soon.  What's up Cooper? How you doing? Faunas bets Diaz and Elliot Ramos rookie. Oh, no waltz in a meeting. Yikes. Robert Hassel Yellich Loller and Vladdy, Jr. Peek or Armstrong Abrams rookie and aqua rookie Gavin sheets 11 of 99 white socks and Marcus Simeon Victor Acosta George Kirby another aqua here is Ellie Dela Cruz 85 of 99 and Jordan Walker George Valera Steven Kwan rookie first woman Coloss and many Machado You also are Garcia rookie Shane boss first woman. Hello, Santos and a rookie Brandon Marsh When you'll cruise rookie an orange Eddie's line at 50 to 75 Dodgers a lot of parallels Samuel Zavala and Brandon Crawford What's what's Daniel doing Max Scherzer and it's a Polina Luis Mesa and Jay Ram Yeah, I believe the alley was the variation I'll too they McClain Willie Vasquez and Jordan Alvarez Byron Buxton Eric Hernandez John Kenzie Noel and Aaron Ashby Deadmers Acunia Carson Williams and Juan Yepez Vaughn Churio an aqua Aaron judge 74 of 99 Yankees There he is MJ Melendez rookie to Jesus rookie yellow Shane boss 29 to 50 Tampa Bay Bryson Stott rookie and an Anthony Volpe Jackson Job Elohim and as Mackenzie Gore and South Freilich Montgomery judge Bichette in Lurad All right Dustin Harris Matt Chapman rookie wander Eddie's Leonard Edward Perez rookie Alec Thomas a purple rookie Brandon Marsh 19 to 25 nice card angels It then sir Guzman rookie Torkelson orange rookie CJ Abrams 1975 Padres Orange variation last break orange Regular one this break one been show and Tatis Springer Panada your Gola first woman Phillies and Otani Cunha Aqua Daniel Vasquez first woman 9 to 99 Royals Pena rookie variation, right Yeah, rookie of a variation Pena for the Astros good stuff go Stroze Always got it Lorenzo Josh Lowe Salvador Perez and Randon Cohn Forget how common variations are in sapphire Jose Rodriguez Olson Matt Manning rookie and a Cesar Prieto first woman Orioles Yeah for real Sean real Perez Alonso Tucker and Velasquez two more y'all Rosamund Verdugo ever Cabrera Lindor and Ezekiel Tovar Yendry Rojas Joey Bart rice Harper and James Wood Michael Hernandez Luis Robert rookie Gabriel Arias Francisco Alvarez Ryan Wreckley Joe Adele Hunter Green and Zach vene Yes, I'm more about Rafael Devers Juan Soto and blaze Jordan Wilford Verras orange rookie Wanda Franco's 60 of 75 That's awesome. Good Magnus Wanda rookie to 75 rays. That's going in a mag two Rosa reina J Allen Brian Dela Cruz Joey Vado Aqua Montgomery 37 and 99 White Sox Benny Montgomery Benny and Colson Louise Heel West Kath Roberto Campos and Dylan Carlson Part of starting to get to me now After ripping the tops part of some getting to me now It really isn't Joey Gallo Henry Davis yelling confidant and rookie Rodolfo Castro and Cali Yeah, Ryan Hayes, Averson, Artega, Vakero first moment and Ricky Joe Ryan That's weird Right is like I'm not used to being so dry Nicoladolo rookie Bernabelle Gold Kyle Tucker 20 of 50 for the Astros. They want to check match stream or match stream. What's going on over there? I'll I see is him opening cards I'll say a Suzuki Ricky Padper Asher one-on-one nice Contreras Poguero JD Martinez in Mejia Vidal Bruhan Henry Mendez Kyle Lewis and your EBL on helis Royce Markintana got an aqua here and it's Jonathan India 40 of 99 for the Reds So Carlos Stanton Khalil Watson Daniel Quiva trade Turner say us a Zuki and Christian Hernandez That's one y'all Seems triantos Josh Donaldson rookie Bobby wit that will do it. Thanks again everybody talking just a moment


So let's get started. So what we have for the short presentation today is integration of model LMS with program tools to a completion integrated assessment platform. So this is what we have for the short presentation today. So myself is from 3E. And along with me on this presentation, we have a more variations today. So let's give a short introduction about what it is about and what are the key drivers. So let's look into some facts. So we all know that thousands of online exams are being taken every day. So even as we speak, even during this COVID-19 shutdown time also, so thousands of online exams are being taken. So for one or the other purpose, for certification or otherwise. So obviously taking the exams or conducting the online exams, their objective would be do more with less. So do more online exams with less resources invested, less time, less cost and less physical resources, whatever they are disposing of. So that would be the obvious objective for anyone. So why that objective is being accomplished? So what is the cost at which that it is accomplished? Is it accomplished at the compromise of some other major objective? So that is the major objective that we are talking about here. So is this online exam comfort is coming at the comfort of authenticity or integrity of the exam? Yes, you have given a effective assessment platform and exams are being taken very comfortably. So both sides, the exam taker as well as the other side who are conducting the exams or the assessments. So they have the comfort of the technology and they are effectively handling that. But what is the cost of it? So what is the compromise being made at the authenticity? So whatever certification you are giving, so if your assessment is associated with the certificate, so the certificate would obviously have more value if it comes with an authenticity of the assessment. So we all should agree with that. So now what is the cost to ensure that authenticity? So now obviously you have brought in effectiveness doing the online exams and you have a consistency doing the assessments, everything you have in place. Now you would like to add more authenticity and what is that cost involved? And what are the factors to be considered? So this is all where protein comes into picture. So in general, whatever we achieve, we say in terms of technology, whatever comfort we bring in in terms of technology. So as much as possible, we all should get close to the realistic conditions. So yes, we got this so-and-so comfort, but we are missing out in this factor. That should never be the case. That means technology hasn't replaced all your needs completely. So this is the same case, even with the exam assessments, anything. That is the same case. So you have brought in 50% replacement with the technology. So 50% of the things, whatever you are doing, you have got in technology and you are doing, technology has replaced all the manual work or all other traditional process, but you are losing out on the rest of the 50%. That's never a good introduction. So when you have to speak about the advantage of the technology, you have to replace everything end-to-end with the technology. So when you have to talk about bringing in the technology to take care of the assessment, you have to take care of the end-to-end picture of the assessments. So that is the key driver here. So now who are our target audience? Who should this solution help? So the target audience or any other training centers or assessment of certification agencies who are doing this jobs of assessment and certifications for one or the other reasons, or typically online universities or any academic institutions. So for that matter, any institution, whoever have the need to take the online assessments with or without e-learning anybody. Sometimes they will only develop the e-learning content in form of different courses. Sometimes they are not at all related to delivery of the content, but just they do the job about assessing the proficiency of the test taker on various subjects. So it could be any purpose. Whatever is the purpose associated with the certification. So essentially what I mean to say here is it may not necessarily be connected fully with e-learning content development. So you may or you may not be responsible for the e-learning content delivery just because you are responsible for the online assessments. So these are the target audience for us. Now the solution or the proposed solution, it may help them in one or the other. So before we get to the final details, so let's take a look at the definitions. Let's not get into the bookish definition, but let's all try to set some base. What are online assessments? What is proctoring in general? What is online proctoring? And of course, what is an endless? So let me not try to give you the definition of LMS. So let's try to have some understanding of this so that we are all of the same page with respect to what we are going to talk about now. Okay, so now let's take an example of online university. So an university, it can be full-fledged online university or it can be a regular university who is doing online programs as well. So they are delivering the e-learning content. Let's assume that they have put up some academic programs and through those programs, they are delivering online content. So then to all these programs as complete, let's say like at the end of this course delivery, they also have assessments. Assume that they have a very clearly the assessment of put up in place, in terms of evaluating the skills, in terms of evaluating the knowledge, or in terms of evaluating the attitude of the learner, what sort of it is, okay? So even they could have thought of psychometric assessments, okay? So whatever they think is the best approach to have the evaluation system for the learner. So they have put everything into picture and they have a very good platform, okay? In terms of content delivery as well as in terms of effective assessment, okay? So let's say they have brought in Moodle for this and they are successfully able to deliver this, okay? The content and as well as the assessments. Now, let's come back to the subject, what we started with at the beginning, okay? So the authenticity, the integrity of the exams, okay? Now the question is, what is the guarantee that the learner is being highly sincere as she takes the exams? What is the guarantee, okay? So yes, your assessments are really good. If the assessments are done successfully, the certification is of real value, but who are you awarding the certificate to? You are awarding the certificate to the learner who have actually registered for your program or you are awarding the certificate to the person who has taken the exam. There's no guarantee, it's one and the same. So technically, so it is may or may not be the case, but technically there is no guarantee. So in some cases it's possible. On the other side, the assessments are being taken as a teamwork. It is quite possible, right? So there is some teamwork being done and they're completing the assessment and the university would be ending up with giving the certification to one person whoever has registered, okay? So this is the precise limitation that we are going to address. So now, how do we extend the capability of Moodle to bring in the exam integrity, okay? So whatever is otherwise an assumed exam integrity, how do we bring in the trusted exam integrity, okay? So this is the capability that we are trying to fix, okay? So we have to accept the one fact that we are not living in a play world, okay? So if it's all play in world, obviously, there's no room for innovation of technology. There's no room for many other things to happen and you can even imagine there are many jobs being lost if it is a play world, okay? So that different gaps or different thought process and the people being different with their approaches, with their attitudes, so these are all the things which lead to innovation of technologies, okay? In a way, those innovations create more jobs, those necessities create more jobs, okay? So at a broader sense, we can link all of that to the subject as well, okay? So now we talked about bringing in the trusted exam integrity and we talked about integration of the Moodle LMS with online proctoring tool, okay? So proctoring tool is meant for delivering the trusted exam integrity, okay? So again, proctoring can vary in its operations or in its capability, okay? So proctoring can vary from face recognition to live proctoring and fully automated live proctoring, okay? So now you may have the choice of going with the third-party proctoring tool, the cloud-based proctoring tool or if you have the bandwidth, okay? So we have the choice of bringing in your own proctoring tool you can have, you can build in-house proctoring tool, okay? So whatever is the proctoring tool, you have the proctoring tool on one side which is fully reliable or at least which takes care of your requirements, okay? So it's necessary unsubscied for you. Because whatever are the necessary insubscied requirements for you, it takes care of those requirements. Now, on the other hand, you have an LMS which is doing its job really, really well. The model LMS which you have brought in, it's doing its job really, really well in terms of content delivery and handling the assessments. Now, the only gap that you want to bridge here is if you want to handle these two things separately, you require the learners to leave the LMS environment and get to the proctoring tool, finish their assessments and then get the certification, okay? So again, probably they may need to come back to the LMS and they put to continue from where they have the product, okay? So this is the precise limitation, okay? So we are talking about bridging that limitation and what are the technologies tools understand this? So now we have the proctoring tool which is working more like a LTI provider, okay? And on the other side, you have the model which can work, model is already capable of working as LTI consumer, okay? Of course, model can work as LTI provider as well, but for this requirement, model's capability as LTI consumer is what matters, okay? So before that, I just forgot to mention one point here, what is an LTI first, okay? So LTI is the global standard, okay? So which is maintained by RMS, okay? So basically it talks about interoperability between different learning tools, okay? So maybe you can have an assessment tool or you can have a different virtual classroom tool, okay? So you can have a learning management system. So LTI is the standard which connects all these learning tools seamlessly, okay? So that is what LTI is about in brief, okay? So without leaving only environment, you can launch another proctoring tool from your environment, okay? So and all single sign-on, everything is taken care of. The way it works is you have to provide the launch URL on the consumer side, launch URL of the provider as well as the key and the secret. So then you are learning tool or set to work fully seriously with one another, okay? So that is in brief for how it works and for those who don't know much about LTI, probably they can visit LTI specifications on RMS global side to keep. So as of now I think LTI version 1.3 is the latest standard. Okay, and if your proctoring tool already supports LTI standard, what you need to do is you need to see whether it has already, it has provided or it comes with a plugin to be integrated with module. Otherwise you have to think of ways to integrate that module and provide your right of your own plugin. So if it is about inverse proctoring tool that you are developing, you have to follow the similar proctoring. So basically using this LTI standard, you can bring in both of the both worlds. So without leaving, without requiring the learner or even for that matter, the other stakeholders without requiring them to leave LMS environment, you can accomplish an integrated platform to deliver the learning assessments at the same time or at the same time, ensuring the authenticity of this integrity of the assessments or circumstances. So this is how it all works. So bringing in the best of both worlds and using the standard tools and technologies, we can think of creating an integrated platform to take care of the end-to-end requirements and move towards a 100% replacement of the things that we have been doing in a traditional world, the 100% replacement of them with the technology. So it is just moving towards 100%.  So when it's all the evolution again. So as we bring in more and more things, there will be more and more limitations still identified and as we try to bring in different solutions, so we can go towards the accomplishment. So from nowhere, now this is the world where we kind of have a choice of going with the online learning. So learning has become online, more fixed service. Today it's a choice. Probably tomorrow we don't know. So maybe with the situations, so now we have this provenance in situation, which is forcing the learning to happen more on online. So probably the percentage of online learners are increasing. So probably if some situations like that repeat, we never know, right down the line. So we never have the predictions of it. So probably online learning is no more a choice, but it's a compulsion. So learning has to be done on the online. So it's something that can be assumed at least at this point after we never know. So it may or may not be the case. So when that happens, obviously all the assessments have to be mandatory. All the assessments have to be mandatory done online. At the same time, the online proctoring will become more of a necessity than a comfort as well. So as we evolve, our needs will also evolve. So some of the needs will add to the comfort. Some of these needs will not be a matter of comfort, but it's more like a compulsion. It's something that we ought to do. So there is no other option. So this is what about testing the capabilities of E-Level, all the way to the completely authenticated proctoring done to it. So yeah, so that is the brief introduction about proctoring. Okay. So now, before we end up the presentation, let's talk about who are the beneficiaries. Any solution that we talk about, definitely we have to think of who are the stakeholders or how the solution is going to benefit them. So obviously here the stakeholders are the learners and the other side, the online university or any such bodies who are taking the exams or who are taking the certifications. So what's in it for me? What is in it for me for the learner and what is in it for me for a normal university? Yes, just assume it is being connected. It is being used by a normal university. So obviously, location can stand still. So the learner can take the assessments at the comfort of his home. So he doesn't need to move to any other exam center or any key. So then logistic, obviously there are no logistic concerns. So because he doesn't need to move to any exam center to appear for the online exam, obviously there are no logistic concerns. At the same time, even for the university, then you go to what you are about for the transportation of proctors. So then again, depending on the way the proctoring is done. So maybe the proctoring can be done online. So the live feed is being taken and the proctor is sitting on the other side. Then he will be using the live feed and doing the proctoring notes, et cetera. So depending on how the proctoring is done for probably a proctor can do the proctoring for maybe 12 to 16 candidates at once. Or he can do it for one or two candidates at once. So it depends on how it has been shared with them. So then again, depending on the kind and type of the proctoring. So let's say like even without a need for a proctor, so human proctor, it can be completely replaced by automated live proctoring. Automatic live proctoring in the sense it can be done as a record and review proctoring or it can be done as a completely automated in real life. So I mean, it depends on the capabilities that you have on the proctoring tool that you are using. So then depending on the way that you use, depending on the capabilities of the proctoring tool, depending on the method that you are up to. So you may or may not have one or more of these constraints, so you may get full or out control of on these constraints. So logistics, location, I'll show you. Hello, Pazula. Okay. Two minutes left. Are you finished with the presentation? Do you want to answer any questions? Yep, I think I'm almost done. Just one note that I would like to add is. Two minutes, two minutes, okay? Thank you. Yep. Okay. So yesterday, I think Martin was talking about the model work place and so they're in model 3.9. I think a safe example that is also plan to hold out. So safe examples are definitely it adds a little, definitely it adds a constable value to this exam mitigating, okay? So then let's say like in future versions if a model LMS is made to work with this property capability, then definitely it will be a lot of value to the model project. So I think I'm done. Any questions? Okay, I think that's it. Thank you very much for your contribution. That was a great presentation. We will have to close this session and move on to the next one. And similar to yesterday, to join the next session, you will need to exit this one and start a new session for the next presentation, all right? Thank you again and see you all at the next session. Thank you. Thank you.


John 13. Jesus washes his disciples' feet. It was just before the Passover festival. Jesus knew that the hour had come from him to leave this world and go to the Father. Everything loved his own who were in the world. He loved them to the end. The evening meal was in progress and the devil had already prompted Judas, the son of Simon Escariat, to betray Jesus. Jesus knew that the Father had put all things under his power and that he had come from God and was returning to God. So he got up from the meal, took off his outer clothing, and wrapped a towel around his waist. After that, he poured water into a basin and began to wash his disciples' feet, drying them with a towel that was wrapped around him. He came to Simon Peter. Who said to him, Lord, are you going to wash my feet? Jesus replied, you do not realize now what I am doing, but later you will understand. No, said Peter, you shall never wash my feet. Jesus answered, unless I wash you, you have no part with me. Then, Lord, Simon Peter replied, not just my feet, but my hands and my head as well. Jesus answered, those who have had a bath need only to wash their feet. Their whole body is clean. And you were clean, though not every one of you. For he knew who was going to betray him, and that was why he said not every one was clean. When he had finished washing their feet, he put on his clothes and returned to his place. Do you understand what I have done for you? He asked them.   I have set to you an example that you should do as I have done for you. Very truly I tell you, no servant is greater than his master, nor is a messenger greater than the one who sent him. Now that you know these things, you will be blessed if you do them. Jesus predicts his betrayal. I am not referring to all of you. I know those I have chosen, but this is to fulfill this passage of scripture. He who shared my bread has turned against me.  Very truly I tell you, whoever accepts anyone I send accepts me, and whoever accepts me accepts the one who sent me. After he said this, Jesus was troubled and spirit and testified.  His disciples stared at one another at a loss to know which of them he meant. One of them, the disciple whom Jesus loved, was reclining next to him. Peter motioned to the disciple and said, ask him which one he means. Leaning back against Jesus, he asked him, Lord, who is it? Jesus answered, it is the one whom I will give this piece of bread when I have dipped it in the dish. Then dipping the piece of bread, he gave it to Judas, son of Simon Iscariot. As soon as Judas took the bread, Satan entered into him. So Jesus told him, what you are about to do, do quickly. But no one at the meal understood why Jesus said this to him. Since Judas had charge of the money, some thought Jesus was telling him to buy what was needed for the festival or to give him something to the poor. As soon as Judas had taken the bread, he went out and it was night. Jesus predicts Peter's denial. When he was gone, Jesus said, now the son of man is glorified and God is glorified in him. If God is glorified in him, God will glorify the son in himself and will glorify him at once. My children, I will be with you only a little longer. You will look for me and just as I tell the Jews, so I tell you now, where I am going, you cannot come.  Love one another as I have loved you, so you must love one another. By this, everyone will know that you are my disciples if you love one another. Simon Peter asked him, Lord, where are you going? Jesus replied, I am not going. I am going. You cannot follow now, but you will follow later. Peter asked, Lord, why can't I follow you now? I will lay down my life for you. Then Jesus answered, will you really lay down your life for me?


When doing research, citations help you know where the author found the information they're using. Citations are included at the end of published work to give credit to other scholars' research and ideas. You've probably seen them in references, works cited, or bibliography sections. Scholars that are cited more often are more likely to impact their field of study, and the more a scholar gets cited, the more they continue to be cited. So whoever's research is the best or the most significant will get cited the most, right? Well, that isn't necessarily true. Historically, scholarship and publishing were only open to the educated elite in society, which in the Western world were only white men. Women, black people, indigenous peoples, and people of color were excluded from academic conversations. But that's in the past and not how things are now, right? In actuality, white men continue to be published and cited more often, even though there are higher numbers of women and minority scholars today than ever before. And when only research written by white males is viewed and cited, important perspectives are ignored, resulting in decision-making and policies that doesn't consider or benefit broader society. Gender and racial gaps in scholarly publishing exist today as a result of historic prejudices and systematic racism. These gaps unfairly limit the potential impact of these scholars and their work. In recent research into scientific studies has shown that citation inequality has increased over time. This means that the top 1% most cited authors or most popular authors accounted for 21% of all citations. Remember, the more paper gets cited, the more it continues to be cited. Being aware of who you are citing not only makes your research and writing more comprehensive and well-rounded, it also helps scholars get the recognition they deserve for their work, allowing them to continue and further their research. And that's good for all of us. If you need help finding sources or with research help in general, you can always ask a librarian. Go to library.usu.edu and click on Meet with a Librarian for more information.