name of the father and the son the Holy Spirit hey friends is Dan and Stephanie along with Josh and Ann and Joe Holtcraft and some of the crew at the Avala Foundation Avala Institute, and we just want to Shout out to you and spend a little time with you at this important time of the year in Advent To let you know of our gratitude to God to st. Joseph and to you For everything that he's been doing through the Avala Institute. So this is just a little impromptu special time of Reflection a little bit on some of the miracles that have happened this year that we'd love for you to hear about because they're quite remarkable Yeah That's awesome And I think we should maybe because some of these folks are a little bit behind the scenes Yeah, so it might be really nice if they introduce themselves and say what they do for the Institute Yeah, or we get into any kind of questions or answers cool. Okay. How about you Josh? Can you tell us who you are? What's your name Josh and who are you and what do you do for the Avala Institute, please? Sure, so my name is Josh meeker and I'm the operations manager for the Avala Institute for spiritual formation So I basically run the day-to-day operations with a team of people a very small Very small team of people and a team of one just for a team of two for just for a small student body of 600 a quarter and you know a hundred guys getting ready for seminary no big deal Right, right. You are evidence of the grace of prayer. You are evidence of the grace of prayer your abilities are amazing Yeah, thanks be to God for sure. Yeah, you got okay Joe Joe, who are you? What's your name? My name is dr. Joseph Folkraft. I am a professor with the Avala Institute on boarded back in 2013 by invitation from Dan and as of what 16 17 months ago now gosh that has gone by really fast. I Have been and I am currently director of the high calling program for spiritual formation for men who were discerning to call to the priesthood Awesome awesome. Now. I have to say if I recruited you as a professor Stephanie recruited you to run the high calling program Which is a much smarter the second is both decisions were good The second one more important because and and I have to say the inspiration can honestly it came straight from the lord Yeah, because I barely knew Joe. I'd met him once and the lord was like you gotta hire. You gotta talk to Joe You gotta talk to Joe kept telling me that I kept coming around the corner and he's going we don't have money for that And here we are I did I kept saying we don't have money for that. Yeah same with this one. The next one is I don't I want to start with super for some reason super super and okay, okay and and what's your name? I'm pretty sure you guys said and we don't have money for this. Can you uh figure this out? We gotta bring Joe on board Okay So I'm in burning. I am the director of mission advancement at Avala I'm also the reason why we're all here today. I kind of bothered Dan and Stephanie said hey, we need to talk about our mission Talk about the impact that everybody has been having here because the the growth has just been really incredible And it's so much fun to be here with all of you. You may recognize me if you get some of my emails You know harassing you for money but it's just an honor and Wonderful gift to be able to do that and participate in and what we're doing so You know Dan back in 2009 when you started spiritualdirection.com. Would you ever have thought the world in 2021 brought you today where we are today that Everything crazy that's happened. So the line I say a lot, but I mean it. It's not I mean It's just I say it a lot is you know, I thought seven people I started spiritualdirection.com to repurpose the spiritual patrimony of the church back to the church just because I Couldn't find good resources out on the internet at the time on the on the mystical tradition spiritual tradition And I the way I always describe it is I thought, you know, seven people would would sign up and listen and and the What happened is hundreds of thousands signed up and And millions read and so that of course just went crazy. So I didn't I was hopeful. I mean I wanted something bigger than seven people, but I remember the first list I distributed I did something that really actually annoys me when people do it to me I just grabbed a bunch of my friends and put their Emails in our system and started sending stuff to them And that's you know kind of went from there, but yeah, no idea that we'd end up You know where we are now we're doing the most important work We're doing is priestly formation, which is quite extraordinary. Yeah. Yeah, it's so cool because I remember when you started it And honestly you were like, I don't know, you know, nobody's gonna read this But to watch it to have grown from spiritualdirection.com to then birthing the Avala Institute Which then birthed The high calling program. Yeah priestly formation and then also birthed apastoli vie Where you know that the child really birthed the mother Well, and then there's more, right? I mean divine intimacy radio, right that came from all of this, right? Do the hardest thing with jordan. Yeah, I mean he did his own thing We brought it in but his conversion is part of being at the summit and a lot of what happened with all of this But yeah, yeah, I mean it that's where it all started with it's been remarkable. It's it's beautiful beautiful ministry. So Awesome. Yeah, and I think you know prior to coven Josh could probably Share I don't know if you have stats going this far back, but we were really set up You know digitally online so we could access anyone in the world And so when coven hit it nothing really changed for us on our end other than All of a sudden we had all these people that were now open to joining us digitally and The fruits of coven is we've had a lot of growth because of that too so Josh what are some of the some of the growths on the impact? Can you share with us that the institute has had in the past couple of years? Sure. Yeah. Well, just to start out though Just so you get a sense of it when we started in 2013 we started with a class of 35 students. So Um today right just right now We've got we're nearing 400 in our current quarter, which is one of our off quarters and we had 600 In our last quarter So but really since coven in the last two years we've doubled in our enrollment. So in 2019 We uh, we had half We had I think 12,000 people I mean, sorry, that's way too many we had uh, I think it was like Well, I'd have to look out to see these ecstats, but I don't have them But we've we've we've doubled our enrollment since 2019. Yeah. Yeah, that's incredible We're in we're in the thousands Yeah, since we started we've had 2400 people come through the school taking courses so A lot of people a lot of priests a lot of deacons religious and lay people From over 90 countries.  So it has this ripple effect So it's never just about the people who pass through the doors But it's about all the souls and all the the impact On all the souls that that is happening and they're drawing people to the resources. So it's really beautiful It is pretty amazing. I I'd never I mean, obviously spiritualdirection.com the reason we started the institute is because people said We love the show. We love the content on the website. I'm sorry Could you do webinars for us or I mean, could you do classes? And I said, no We could do webinars, you know, because we didn't and then it just kind of grew from there, but Josh, I you know, just curious You know, you've been with us For this amazing growth How does it how does it affect you? Is there anything that's been surprising to you or That's really moved you. I mean, you're very dedicated to the mission Um, nobody's, you know, driving a Porsche because they work for the Avalon Institute Um, it's it's all, you know, but why do you sacrifice so much To work here and work as many hours as you do. I mean, what what what drives you what's going on in your heart? Well, uh, really, you know, the numbers and everything are great But what really affects me is the way people are impacted when they take our courses I mean, it's almost universal that people's lives are changed when I take courses from us So, um, I've got a few I've got a few comments that students have made just to give you a sense of How they're affected because our students are on fire for us, which is just awesome. So encouraging to see but uh, one of our students said that, uh, the best that the, uh, classes she took was one of the best classes She had taken in her 39 years of theology classes. So Wow All right, and we had we had a student that said the Avalon Institute is the best place in the world to study spiritual theology I have to agree with that This one was particularly interesting. Um, this was from one of your classes, Dan The student said I've been wanting to learn how to discern the will of god in my life for years I've read books and attended some talks about it But the clear understanding of the topic still eluded me After attending this class, however, the detect the discernment of spirits became so much clearer and understandable I can say that I now have a much better grasp and appreciation of the concept of the discernment of spirits I'm looking forward to using the tools I've learned in this class. Thank god for sending this class to me And uh, one of the priests in the program One of the priests said in my ministry as a priest This course has helped me to focus on the essentials and it motivated me to be really serious in my mental prayer And you know this whole parish. I'm sure is benefiting greatly. That's awesome Hey, how many do you know the number of how much we've given away in scholarship since we started josh You know, we see ann and I looked into that What was it around summertime? I think and I think we figured out it was close to a million dollars. Was it not? Yeah, I think it was over a million dollars Wow, that's amazing Yeah, and that's not just I mean, we don't do this a lot because we can't it's too hard It's sometimes we even provide books and things for people when they're in You know strange places, uh, where they can't they're in extreme poverty So we can of course we do a lot of scholarships for those who Who just can't otherwise wouldn't be able to pay for the course But we usually ask them to figure out a way to pay for the books But regularly I see in my email because I I guess I set up the usps account for mailing out, you know stuff under our labels I see books going to Africa or you know different parts of the world To help priests religious laity who are in more extreme cases of poverty Who otherwise wouldn't be able to even have the books let alone the horses Yeah, that's awesome. Yeah Yeah, and I thought this was particularly good for summing up what we do at avala One of our students said that God has given you the tools to become a saint avala gives you the instructions on how to use those tools And uh, that's that's what we're all about and that's that's definitely been my experience with the avala institute Um, I'm so blessed to have started as a student And that's right. Yeah. Yeah, my life my life has completely changed I avala taught me how to pray That's a fact. So I'll definitely agree with students. You've given me the instructions To know how to use the tools the lord has given all of us through his church That's awesome. So I you know, sorry and to take over. I don't mean to do this too But I do want to ask joe a question because joe Is a very special guy He's written some fantastic books on prayer Recent one for sofia on intercessory prayer, but joe's joe I was one of the reasons I love joe. I mean, it's the same as josh and and and everyone at the institute Is all everyone at the institute are people of prayer deep faith But joe is has a deep fire of god in him like the guy is converted through and through He's also a scholar, you know, he's no slouch intellectually means got the whole package, but I love joe's heart and I've worshipped with joe and watched him and been really blessed by him But joe what I want to know is Is there a time in your service the institute that got into your skin brought you to tears brought you to this Place of wow, I can't believe I get to do this Or just something that's really just wrecked you in a good way In your work here Well, and you didn't you didn't prepare me for that question. What are you doing? Oh gosh, um, that's a good question and I would say it was probably after The first night of the first class I taught When there was a particular student who reached out to me and sent me a very very long email And it'd be enough to say it it brought me to tears and it was at that point I knew that if nothing else I was going to be with the Avalon Institute for a while I would say Another moment happened recently at the summit. We were at that first mass I think it was the it was the first night the Latin mass just beautiful And I was brought to tears. So certainly As a professor I was brought to tears, but also as a son of god worshiping Worshiping right. It was just beautiful beautiful brought me brought me to a very special place Any big surprises for you? I mean, obviously I think what surprises a lot of professors joe when they come is What surprised me really was Because we do live online formation We The holy spirit really pours out in a special way and I think in a way that's inhibited by recorded formation recorded formation has a Psychological effect on a person that sort of gets them to kind of treat it like youtube or double timing or i'll do it While i'm jogging or whatever But the live online is people of god gathering together truly even though they're you know You know sitting at a distance Fully attentive to god and the holy spirit You know What has it been a surprise to you how deeply impactful The holy spirit is with students or I don't know, you know, you know what i'm getting at I do absolutely one of the things that I do love about the avalanche, too It is that it's live right so As much as you prepare there's always that need to be open to what the holy spirit desires And don't get me wrong You do need to prepare but part of that preparation is a preparation of the heart where you're praying up so as to be Properly disposed to respond to to that question or that conversation or that dialogue that you cannot prepare for You know intellectually per se so just that organic spontaneous Conversation that comes out from a lecture That is birthed by virtue of the lecture and the holy spirit So you know and it happens for me On a regular basis And it's it's a lot of why I I love to teach quite frankly Because you see the holy spirit moving you see the holy spirit shaking people up and it's just it's beautiful And the other thing about the live piece is you get asked hard questions So it keeps you on your toes, right? That's why you have to pray up because if you're not ready and You know not that you have to have every answer to every question But to be able to say even then if you don't you know, let's journey together to find that answer Um to be disposed so as to say what needs to be said at the time You know you say it awesome, awesome And i'll stop you surfing your role as ringleader. You're fine dian Um joe just for a moment. Um, would you mind maybe sharing with us some of that? Testimony from some of our high calling guys the men that are discerning the priesthood and Just the impact that the avila classes have had on their hearts and drawing close to jesus Yeah, thank you for that question and You know a lot of the men who come to us and right now as dan had suggested and dan was talking about there's 90 plus men with us right now They they come to us With a picture of discernment Um that by their own admission has many freight edges That they don't have a clear picture of of what prayer is and what discernment is and what conversion is They have a sense of it or they have an intuition for it, but they don't fully understand it And so time and time again And the reflections and in my conversations with them they talk about just being blown away. Well I I pulled up a couple. These are just from this, you know, past few months Here's actually this is one from the module dan taught and this is just to give you a sense of what's going on A young man discerning says this over the course of this module I have sensed the holy spirit calling me to listen more attentively to jesus's word in scripture Intimacy with jesus is something this course has emphasized, but You're and by your he means dan Emphatic need to listen to what jesus says in the gospel has changed the way I pray I have rededicated myself to lexu divina and this is given shape and form to my discernment Something I did not have before no longer. Do I simply read scripture to check off the box? But rather meditate with scripture that I will now confidently say to jesus. I know you This class was huge for me. I love that and I built something up from the other night. This is from father dentis mcmanus's course on Uh, uh, discernment of spirits and spiritual warfare. He's using your book dan and just absolutely loves it A young man said this I was struck most by the idea that the devil sometimes tempts us with lesser goods rather than evils I hadn't ever thought about him working in this way before this helps me realize how important it is to make a good and thorough discernment of my vocation It now makes sense to me Just because something is good i.e marriage doesn't mean it is what i'm being called to no doubt The devil hates the idea of men becoming priests and he will do anything to turn a man away from the priestess Even using good things as you say father mcmanus personally and more recently I have been presented with an excellent job offer a good no doubt I was ready to take but after listening to you it is clear to me. I am made to discern this more thoroughly I now I now can see that how this can be a lesser good from the tempter capital t I look forward to the remainder of this module And leaning to the wisdom of the saints and your wisdom father mcmanus So you can just get a sense and those two sound bites. What's going on in the high calling program You know the high calling program is this live online program emphasizing live again for you dan Um of that that really stretches itself over the course of an academic year and in that time Men are afforded the opportunity to discern more thoroughly and and in those testimonials You can get a sense of what is going on and and praise be jesus christ because That is just a sample of many many more that um That have that same kind of language of just coming to better understand what it means to be A son of god a man of god who's discerning to call to the priesthood Awesome. That's just awesome. I love that Yeah, you know and joe I don't know about you Um And I you know, I don't know when you want me to talk about the the retreat center and but I I this this phrase Has been coming to me over and over Uh epicenter of grace epicenter of grace epicenter. So an epicenter, of course, we know is when you have an earthquake It's the most intense Place where where it hits with its greatest power But then it emanates out with in rings of power and influences the landscape out from it And similar like when you throw a pebble into a Pool of water and I'm sitting actually at the retreat center looking out the window Of the studio and I can see the lake out there And so you have the you know, so the bigger The the boulder that's flown into thrown into the water the bigger the rings the more power and when I think about epicenters of grace And you think about the millions of people who've interacted with spiritual directions dot com Each of them is an epicenter of grace Because they're being strengthened, but the the big boulders are what you're doing joe And and I mean all of us are participating, of course, you know, whether it's fundraising or back-end operations or teaching or a combination of all these But the big epicenters of grace like where I think we're going to see healing in the church In the future is going to come through the high calling program It it'll come through all these other means no doubt but Getting guys to know jesus and really know him Before they enter seminary and then of course we're working on programs where we're helping them during and after seminary Is going to transform parish life and and then these some of these guys will become bishops. I mean well beyond us I think we're going to see changes in the next 10 years No doubt in the church because the guys coming through our program But I think for for generations beyond us. We're going to see The church healing and changing because of these encounters with jesus Absolutely, you know, if you think about anybody who's met a really holy priest, they're so impacted by it Like we all kind of go wow, you know And not because we worship our priests But we we see the fire within him We see how he loves the mass and how he goes to serve and love his people And and how he just really does smell like his sheep And it has such a huge impact. We've told a number of the priests that have drawn near either through, you know In a number of ways in our ministry We tell them you just don't understand the impact you have on us when you're on fire and when we see that It sets our hearts on fire. So the impact of the high calling program of spiritualdirection.com all these podcasts and The classes at avala institute all these ways that we touch souls Has an impact out there and I I just love That god's allowed us to be a part of this because it is it's just awesome I love watching people be healed and be transformed and being drawn into the heart of christ I think we all would agree with that, right? I mean if we love what a gift to be able to I mean, I just don't know you guys I can't imagine there's many important ministries out there, you know Like courage like ewtn, you know all different types of ministries And I'm not comparing us to them at all because they're all good and all necessary different Different facets of the diamond that is the grace of god pouring out on the church But that said I can't imagine a more important ministry A more important apostolate to use a catholic word Than this one where we're transforming hearts and minds to know him And then to live in that reality Because that's what brings the gospel to the world. That's what brings salvation to the world. Yeah And what do you uh, what else did I know we you you had a kind of a An agenda that's an agenda that I've blown out the window, right? No, we're covering everything. Um I mean, you know We're we're getting there. Um, I think what I just wanted to say too was um To kind of lead into I know you touched on it there dan and If I'll if I'll add because I know you asked joe this I I'm in terms of like what brings you to tears of what really moves you I get moved all the time I love talking to our people And it's incredible, but I have to tell you one of the things that really Hit me to the point where I was speechless was during Our investiture the summer uh right before the summit when we all started renewing our promises, you know to prayer and it was 100 some people in the chapel and it was the I think I shared it was like the most basic prayer like I promised to pray and I couldn't even I was so overcome with love and jesus and joy and happiness it was just this like my heart was just bursting and I just heard the lord say like this is communion. This is the Eucharist. This is this is it. This is us and it was so beautiful and um that community is so important and I know we you've talked about possibly be a little bit and I think what's really neat is the community back in march. We did the consecration of st. Joseph and man once we did that things just kind of went uh really fast from there and he He took over so do you want to just share what happened after we we did all that all the the Movement we've been up to and kind of what's next for us here dan Yeah, so and I know you have specific things in mind. So if I don't cover it I mean we've talked about a lot of the miracles I mean the fact that we got this property the retreat center our lady of mount carmel retreat center um retreat and center for spiritual formation in Montgomery, alabama And we're building st. Joseph's chapel right now here and it's 60 acres We're on uh 16 acre lake um out in front and It's a place of healing. Uh, I really see I know it's going to be a place of healing for priests Religious in laity.  And what you know, what a joy to have a priest to say that we're here for you and he and him say Yeah, you know, I need that. I'll be there next Friday And just have him show up and spend the entire day. We fed him a couple meals Left him alone. He took a nap. He walked around the property. There's there's miles of what we call prayer trails We do rosary around the lake every day But st. Joseph really for me, I think like the big thing this year has provided us a home base One where we can build on we've moved the abala offices here We're we're god willing will build a center for spiritual formation We're working on plans to build 150 seats Formation center where we can bring the guys that joe's working with in the high calling program Here at various times in their formation in their seminary Where we can do formation for priests generally speaking on In the realm of spiritual warfare deliverance ministry And other needs that we have because we have I mean the thing we have at our disposal is so amazing is We have the best scholars in the world Are really, you know, there there's certainly many of them are at the angelicum in Rome and the gregorian and The knack and all these other institutions all over the world that are that are amazing But because the nature of our work, we don't have limits in terms of the depth of The quality of formation we can provide so we're trying to create a special place here And I think st. Joseph has provided us with the foundation That will allow us to draw people into silence away from all the You know even Diocesan priesthood can be a beautiful You know vocation it is a beautiful vocation, but it's incredibly busy We need to give guys a place to rest same with religious life people think it's all you know priests and women floating around on little clouds, you know You know sprinkling pixie dust on one another as they pass with joy in the hallways It just doesn't like that, you know, joe discern with uh Joe discern religious life, you know, it's a little bit of what that's like but um Yeah, so the big thing for me and when you say what does st. Joseph done Is he has given us a home and uh, he's given us a home where This is the uh, this is the place where the mission will be built the epicenter of the mission Yeah, what about you stuff? Oh, I you know, it's just been such an incredible thing. Um Yes, it was st. Joseph, but it was also our lady. Yeah Our lady has been preparing this place and one of the things that we've talked about And which to me was nothing short of miraculous Um was here we are we're looking for this our lady of mount caramel retreat center You know, we're looking for a place for our lady We even have an island out there, you know, that's in the mary's in the middle of the lake that's mary's island But coming to this place when we were just touring it, you know, we were just looking at it Two people coming to look to see if this was even a possibility And to have you step past me open a closet And sitting in the bottom of the closet was a statue of our lady a Madonna That is the replica of one that I had been sitting in front of for 15 years praying Like that was a gift to me. It's not one that's just your generic You know, our lady of Fatima or your our lady of lords or whatever, right? It's a very specific Madonna And to see her sitting an exact replica of that sitting in the bottom of that closet Among the dust and the candles and the christmas decorations I was just struck dumb really at that moment and I thought My heavens our lady has been preparing this place So that she could draw her people her priests her married couples for marriage retreats, you know People to come learn and pray people to come learn about spiritual warfare She has been preparing a place to draw people to healing And and rest for how who knows how long because the people who own this weren't even catholic Right and but had a Madonna. I want to can I say something else about the Madonna? So she says it's unique. So I had an office in Rome for years So, you know, and I've traveled the world and I've seen every kind of statue of Mary Never in my life have I seen the one like Stephanie was given by her aunt. Would you know where she even got it? It was it. Well, they're in the christmas business. So it was it's some huge show somewhere Right, you know, you're like 15 16 years. I think even close to it. It's very Middle Eastern looking It's very interesting and then to to come to this property out in the middle of Montgomery, Alabama Right, and you know, we're only 30 minutes from Montgomery airport, but we're very it feels very isolated. There's no noise and it's very quiet But um, and but to see that there I was like, what is this and I asked I thought the woman Maybe the owner was catholic because she had other merian Devotional items here and she said no, I'm Methodist, you know, she just loves her.  Yes from a generous benefactor and You know one thing and I would do want to say because people are going to be going Where do I find out? How do I come to the retreat center all of this? It isn't it's it isn't like a Like you can ask to come there's no doubt about that, but it is it's more Uh going to be targeted. It's not a retreat center where we're trying to fill beds every night to make money That's not what it's for. It's a retreat center for deliberate, you know For the spiritual exercises for specific kinds of formation that sort of thing So I don't even know if we'll ever have an actual public website, but I did update There's a picture I put out there yesterday just for you guys You can find it out on apostoleva.org if you go to the about page and you click on the FAQ You'll see a photo of the of the A little tiny portion of the 60 acres I took it while I was praying the rosary one morning and the sunrise was coming up and you'll see The sun you'll see the lake and the the main retreat house on the right hand side Though there's a lot more to it than that But um, so eventually probably we'll have a page out on apostoleva.org Just so people kind of get a sense of what what it's all about But really pray for us because you know being able to You know as dan says, you know god funds what he wills, right? So if he wills that we create this center, you know, where we can have 150 people here where we can have some housing in A bigger space so that we can worship our lord together in the holy sacrifice of the mass You know that that will need to come and so really pray for us pray for that discernment pray for That provision to come if it's god's will because I think it'll be extraordinary that there'll be so much More that we can do on this beautiful place so that we can rest together awesome So and was that kind of yeah, that's what I would love to end with with everyone, you know, just like We know god and his economy of divine salvation. He lets us participate in Intercessory prayer He's also a very generous and abundant god and he wants us to Participate in giving to so if you feel called to be a part of this mission you can Just go to our website make a donation spiritualdirection.com avala-institute.org or apostoleva.org You can also join the avala army And become a monthly member or if you feel called to just support the retreat center We have an anchor team over there on the apostoleva website. You can join monthly there And we'd love to have you be a part of what we do here to join us in this mission We can't do it alone. We're not doing it without you We we really need your support and always So just thank you all and we appreciate your time today. So That's all I have Dan. Well, it's been great hanging with you guys and uh I'm it's really a privilege to serve in this mission with you I I You know, I think the heart of every man and woman desires to live For a noble purpose, you know for a higher purpose not just for ourselves And I just it is impossible for me to imagine doing Something better for the kingdom of god doing something more noble More beautiful. I can't imagine it because this is just uh This mission working with you Being the apostoleva community being in the community of people who Are not formally part of the community but part of you know avala and priest and religious and laity The assembly of souls gathered around all of this are the best people on the planet Doing the best and most important work And I just am beyond grateful to the lord for allowing us to do it got me praise. Thanks for putting this Together and it's been awesome. Please pray for us. Please help us. We do need your help That's right Amen. Okay. All right All right Thank you. Take this out. I bless you guys


Hello students, let's have our first practice session of this series in which I have come up with a lot of numericals from mole concept. I hope by the end of this video a lot of concepts from mole concept will get much more clearer for you. So let's start with our first question which reads find weight of 3 gram atoms of sulphur. Now one note point here before we start with this particular numerical gram atoms or gram molecules. It is the same thing as moles. You can say that it is a different name for moles. So whenever you see gram atoms or gram molecules it is nothing but they have given the value of moles. So here in this question they have told 3 gram atoms of sulphur. So it means 3 moles of sulphur is given to us. And they are asking the weight. So again mole formula how is moles related to weight n is equal to weight upon Mw and Mw is the molecular weight of sulphur. So 3 is equal to weight upon molecular weight of sulphur is 32. Therefore weight will be equal to 32 into 3 that is our 96 grams. This will be the final answer. Coming on to the next question find the number of atoms present in 16 grams of O3. Now O3 what is the molecular weight of O3? 48 grams. So 48 grams of O3 contains Na molecules of O3 and we know that one molecule of O3 contains 3 Na atoms. One molecule of O3 will contain 3 atoms not 3 Na. One molecule of O3 will contain 3 atoms of oxygen. So 1 mole of O3 means Na molecules or 48 grams will contain how many atoms? 3 into Na atoms. 3 into Na atoms. Now so we know that 48 grams of O3 is containing 3 Na atoms. So 16 grams of O3 will contain how many 3 Na upon 48 into 16. So 16 3 is a 48 3 3 cancel. So 16 grams of O3 will contain Na atoms in total. Next question pause the video and try the questions on your own first then only check your answer with the solution that is provided here. Now what is the next question? Calculate the mass of sodium which contains same number of atoms as are present in 4 grams of calcium. Okay very nice. So first I will find out number of atoms present in 4 grams of calcium. So we know that in 40 grams of calcium that is the molecular weight of calcium how many atoms are there? Na atoms of calcium. So in 4 grams of calcium how many atoms should be present? Na upon 40 into 4. So total Na upon 10 atoms are present in how many grams of calcium? 4 grams of calcium. And in the question it is said that this many atoms is equivalent to how much mass of sodium? How much mass of sodium? So now let's consider the mass of sodium as W. W upon Mw is equal to Na upon Na where W here is our mass of sodium and the number of atoms also here is of sodium but it is the same as this one. So we can place that particular value here W upon 23 is equal to Na upon 10 divided by Na. So Na Na gets cancelled when you solve this particular thing what we will get? W is equal to 23 upon 10 is equal to 2.3 grams. So this many number of atoms will be present in how much weight of sodium? 2.3 grams of sodium. Fourth question find the number of H2O molecules present in 252 milligrams of oxalic acid dihydrate. So first and first thing we will be finding out the molecular weight of this oxalic acid dihydrate. So H2C2O4.2H2O what will be the mass of this? Two atoms of hydrogen so 2 plus carbon is 2 so 12 into 2 plus oxygen is 4 so 4 into 16 plus one molecule of water weight is 18 grams so there are two so 2 into 18. Calculate this how much it will be 126 grams. So 126 grams is the gram molecular weight of this oxalic acid dihydrate. Now just now we have seen how much of water is present total in 126 grams of oxalic acid dihydrate 36 grams. So we can say that 126 grams of oxalic acid dihydrate contains 36 grams of water. So we can say that one any molecules any molecules of oxalic acid dihydrate is containing two any molecules of water or in other words we can say one molecule of oxalic acid dihydrate contains two molecules of water. Try to understand this. So 252 milligrams will contain how much amount of water. So 252 milligram means 0.252 grams 0.252 grams will contain how much grams of water 126 gram contain 36 grams so 36 upon 126 into 0.252 that will be around how much it will be 0.072 grams. So in this much amount of gram of oxalic acid dihydrate how much amount of water is present this many grams 0.072 grams. Now in case of water we know that 18 grams of water is nA is equivalent to any molecules of water. So 0.072 grams will be equivalent to how many molecules because ultimately they are asking the number of H2O molecules that is present in this 252 milligrams. So this 0.072 grams will be equivalent to nA upon 18 into 0.072 that will give you an answer of 0.004 nA. This many number of molecules of water will be present in this much amount of oxalic acid dihydrate. So this is our final answer. Next question which among the following is the heaviest? Which among the following is the heaviest? That means you have to find out the corresponding mass of each one of them.  One mole of O2 is equivalent to 32 grams. One molecule of SO3 means 64 U. Sulfur is 32. Oxygen is how much? 48. So 32 plus 48 not 64 weight and then 80 correct 80. So this will be I remember you have done mistake in finding the molecular weight itself. So sorry this will be 80 grams okay not grams U because they have told one molecule. If they have told one mole then 80 grams we will write. So one molecule of SO3 is 80 U. If I convert this into grams it will be 80 into 1.66 into 10 to the power minus 24 grams. So this is already very very less. So this will be straight away out of the competition right. And then third one is 100 amu of uranium. 100 amu means how many grams? 100 into 1.66 into 10 to the power minus 24 grams. Again this one is straight away out and then we have grams itself 44 grams of CO2. So which one will be the correct answer? Which one is the highest one? heaviest one? Definitely option 4. 44 grams is heavier than this 32 grams and these two were already out of the race. So answer will be option D. Now we will practice certain more concepts but before that one important thing is there that is fundamental particles. What are fundamental particles? So inside the atoms also we have certain fundamental particles okay. So those are called electrons, protons and neutrons. We will be studying about those fundamental particles in details in the next chapter but for now just know that what is the mass and charge of each of this fundamental particles. It will be necessary in calculation. So this is the electron mass 9.1 into 10 to the power minus 31. This masses are in kilograms and the charge in coulomb will be minus 1.6 into 10 to the power minus 19 coulomb. Proton mass will be 1.672 into 10 to the power minus 27 and neutrons mass will be 1.674 into 10 to the power minus 27. I already told in a previous lecture that the mass of proton and neutron is almost almost same. So you can see here how it is almost same. It is 1.672 for proton and for neutron it is 1.674. So the difference is about 0.002. So it is almost negligible and the charge for proton is plus 1.6 into 10 to the power minus 19 coulomb and for neutron the charge will be 0. Neutron is a neutral particle. So we have learnt this. How to incorporate it? How it will come as a numerical? Let's see. So the question I hope you have noted this down. These values are very important. You have to remember it as such. So please take a note of it. Next the question is the number of electrons present in 3.6 ml drop of water with the density of 1 gram per ml. So if the density is 1 gram per ml that means 1 ml will contain how many grams? 1 gram. So if it is 3.6 ml it will contain how many grams? 3.6 grams. Water they have told? H2O. Very good. 18 grams of water contains how many molecules? Any molecules of water. We already know this. Now I have to find out one molecule of H2O will contain how many electrons? So if I talk about hydrogen what will be our atomic mass? Atomic number. Atomic number is 1 and how many hydrogen are there in? H2O I already told you. This is A. This is Z. This is mass number and this is our atomic number. An atomic number gives us an idea about number of electrons. So for hydrogen it is 1. So in H2O there will be 2 electrons from hydrogen plus in case of oxygen it is 16, 8. So this is the atomic number. So number of electrons and oxygen will be 8. So 8 electrons total 1 molecule of H2O contains total of 10 electrons. So NA molecules, NA molecules that is around 18 grams will contain how many electrons? 10 into NA electrons. So 1 gram will contain how many? 10 into NA divided by 18. Now what is the question? 3.6 ml. 3.6 ml means just now we have written it here 3.6 grams. So 1 gram contain this many amount of electron. So 3.6 grams will contain how many electrons? 10 into NA divided by 18 into 3.6. Cancel this output 0.2. So it will be how many NA electrons? So in 3.6 grams of water or we can also say 3.6 ml drop of water how many electrons will be there? 2 moles electron, 2 moles of electron will be present in that particular 3.6 ml drop. So this is our final answer. So the answer will be option A. Moving on C here. Now calculate the mass of one mole of electrons. Now mass of one electron is how much? Just now we have seen in the chart mass of one electron is 9.1 into 10 to the power minus 31 kilograms. So mass of one mole electron that means they are asking mass of NA number of electrons that will be nothing but NA into 9.1 into 10 to the power minus 31 kilogram. So when you multiply this you will get as 5.4 into 10 to the power minus 7 kilogram. So please remember this value 5.4 into 10 to the power minus 7 kilogram. This is the mass of one mole of electrons. So like this you can find out the mass of one mole of protons one mole of neutrons as well. Coming on to the next question calculate the charge of one mole of electrons. Now one electron charge of one electron was how much? Minus 1.6 into 10 to the power minus 19 coulomb. So charge of one mole of electrons that means NA electrons charge of NA electrons will be NA into minus 1.6 into 10 to the power minus 19 coulomb. When we calculate this we will get the answer as minus 96500 coulomb. Now this particular value we will be seeing later in our 12th grade in the chapter electrochemistry. This particular 96500 is nothing but one faraday. Whenever we will talk about the charge of one mole of electron there because in electrochemistry we will be studying about the loss of electrons gain of electrons. So we will be seeing there if one mole of electron is involved anywhere we will say one farad of charge will be required or one farad of charge will be involved in that particular process. So this is known as one farad charge. So one mole electrons is equivalent to one faraday of charge that is equivalent to 96500 coulomb. This was question number A. Now question number B will be charge on, it's a magnesium plus 2 they're asking, charge on 1 mg plus 2 will be how much? 2 into 1.6 into 10 to the power minus 19 and this will be plus charge because 2 electrons have been lost means what? This plus 2 means 2 protons are extra. So this is the charge of 2 protons. So 2 into 1.6 into 10 to the power minus 19. So the charge on Na mg 2 plus will be 2 into 1.6 into 10 to the power minus 19 into Na and just now we have calculated this 1.6 here Na into 1.6 which came as 96500. So we can say 2 into 96500 that will be around. We can say we can call it as 2 farad. So whenever there is a particular ion for example AL plus 3 how much charge it is carrying? 3 faraday plus 3 faraday positive it will be okay. So like this we have to calculate the charge of electrons and protons. Now coming on to the next question at STP the density of a gas molecular weight is given as 45 in gram per litre is. Now here density formula is PM by RT. This regarding this particular formula we will be studying in details in the upcoming lecture but for now we can do it in a separate way also the general formula that we know already that is at STP we have studied that the volume of the gas will be 22.7 at STP the volume occupied by the gas will be 22.7 this is the volume and the mass is given mass is given as 45.  So the density of the gas in gram per litre will be 2. So the answer is option C but we could have calculated it in this particular formula putting the values in this particular formula as well. So we will be seeing about this formula in the upcoming lectures. Moving on question number 10 one mole of CH4 contains four gram atoms of hydrogen three gram atoms of now I told you what does gram atoms mean moles this also means moles. Okay now let's see one mole of CH4 what is the data we can decipher any molecules of CH4 it should contain. So definitely this will be wrong then one mole of CH4 contains any molecules of CH4 and one molecule of CH4 contains one atom of carbon plus four atoms of hydrogen. So one mole of CH4 will contain one mole of carbon and four moles of hydrogen. So definitely the answer should be option A because it should contain one mole of carbon so definitely it does not contain three moles of carbon and option C is Na atoms of hydrogen should not contain Na atoms of hydrogen it should contain four Na atoms of hydrogen so the option C is also wrong so the correct answer will be our option A. Moving on find the number of atoms present in 0.016 grams of methane now this is a very easy numerical after what we have done so far this should be homework you will do it on your own okay so please do this on your own and I'm telling you the answer the answer will be 0.005 Na okay so match your answer next question which has maximum number of oxygen now maximum number of oxygen atoms they have told okay let's see first one one gram of oxygen so one gram of oxygen means so definitely if it is oxygen we know that we can find out weight upon molecular weight is equal to N upon Na we can find out using this formula so one upon 16 is equal to N upon Na so how much is N coming Na upon 16 atoms okay very good option B one gram of O2 again do it one by now this time molecular weight of O2 will be how much 32 is equal to N upon Na so N here will be Na upon 32 and what is this N this N is molecules not atoms so you have to find out atoms one molecule of O2 contains two atoms so N molecules will contain how many atoms two N atoms just you have to multiply this thing with the atomicity so when you multiply it you will get two into Na upon 32 that will give you N upon 16 atoms again similarly do it for the C option one gram of O3 O3 molecular weight is 48 so one upon 48 is equal to N upon Na so here N is coming how much Na upon 48 this is again molecules you have to multiply this thing with atomicity in order to get the atoms so atomicity of O3 is 3 so Na upon 48 into 3 will be our number of atoms so this will again give the answer as Na by 16 atoms so can you see here also Na upon 16 here also Na upon 16 here also Na upon 16 so the answer should be our D all have same number of oxygen atoms next question 7.5 grams of gas occupies 5.6 liters at STP the gases we have to find W is given okay V at in liters at STP is given okay so we have to find out the molecular weight so weight upon molecular weight is equal to volume in liters at STP upon 22.4 now molecular weight let's take it as X so it will be 7.5 upon X is equal to 5.6 divided by 22.4 so X will be equal to 7.5 into 22.4 divided by 5.6 upon calculation how much will we get 30 so 30 is the molecular weight of which gas which gas over here this is 28 this is yes this is 30 so the option B will be the correct answer Na okay next question the maximum number of molecules is present in maximum number of molecules let's see one by one 15 liters of O2 at STP molecules they're asking so this formula we will apply N by Na is equal to volume upon 22.4 so N will be equal to 15 upon 22.4 into Na this is the first one for first first one this is option A then B it should come around N upon Na is equal to 10 upon 22.4 so N should be 10 upon 22.4 into Na okay this one is B see 1.5 grams of H2 so here which formula W by Mw is equal to N upon Na so here N will be equal to W is how much 1.5 divided by molecular weight of H2 will be 2 into Na this one is for C and for D it should be again this formula we have to use it should be 5 upon what is the molecular weight of CO2 for T4 that is equal to N upon Na so what will be N? N will be equal to 5 upon 44 Na now observe this values of N which one is maximum which one is more definitely definitely option 3 1.5 upon 2 Na so you can see the denominator is very very big over here so the value will be less but here the denominator is lesser so definitely this one will be our maximum number of molecules coming on to the next question a gaseous mixture contains O2 and N2 in the ratio 1 is to 4 by weight okay O2 is to N2 1 is to 4 let's take it as 1x 4x okay then the ratio of the number of molecules now taking this as weight we have to calculate the number of molecules so O2 first we will find out for O2 it will be 1x divided by 32 is equal to N upon Na so here N O2 we are getting how much x by 32 into Na this is for O2 similarly we will find out for N2 also here it will be 4x upon what is the molecular weight of N2 14 plus 14 28 is equal to N upon Na so what will be the total number of molecules of N2 it will be this we can cancel know with 7x upon 7 into Na now we have to find out the ratio of this and this so again O2 N O2 is to N N2 it will be x dot Na divided by 32 by x dot Na by 7 so this 2 will get cancelled giving the answer as 7 upon 32 so what should be the ratio 7 is to 32 which one is the correct answer option B option B will be our correct answer next question a sample of C286 has the same mass as 10 to the power 10 molecules of CH4 find the number of molecules of C286 okay W by Mw is equal to N upon Na this we already know this we already know can you see the relation between the number of molecules and molecular weight it is inversely proportional it is inversely proportional so can I write number of molecules of one sample upon number of molecules of second sample is equal to molecular weight of 2 upon right so using this formula we can calculate it very very easily I hope you have understood this how this particular thing is coming N1 is directly proportional inversely proportional to molecular weight of 1 N2 is inversely proportional to molecular weight of 2 now I have just taken the ratio of it okay now let's take one as this one and two as methane one is our ethane and two is our methane so N1 will be how much N1 will be we have to find out right the number of molecules of ethane we have to find out so let's keep as N1 N2 is how much 10 to the power 10 10 to the power 10 that is equal to molecular weight of 2 that is our methane over here that is 16 upon molecular weight of 1 the weight of ethane so that will be 30 C286 24 plus 6 30 so N1 is equal to 16 into 10 to the power 10 divided by 30 when we solve this the answer is going to come as 5.33 into 10 to the power 9 molecules this many molecules of C286 has the same mass as 10 to the power 10 molecules of CH4 final answer next question yes very important question very important question from 256 grams of SO2 one by one step by step we will go from 256 grams of SO2 now 256 grams of SO2 first I will convert it into moles let's take it at as N1 so N1 will be how much W upon MW that is 256 upon what is the mass molecular weight of SO SO2 it will be 64 so it will get cancelled with 4 so this is equivalent to N1 that is equal to 4 moles so from 4 moles of SO2 this many molecules of SO2 are removed again this molecules I will convert into moles again this I am taking as N2 it will be N upon NA so 1.2046 into 10 to the power 24 divided by NA so this particular thing I can write as 12 into 10 to the power 23 approximately divided by 6.023 into 10 to the power 23 this gets cancelled this will get cancelled with 2 so nearly equal to 2 so now rephrase the question from 4 moles of SO2 2 moles of SO2 are removed then find the volume of left over SO2 so what is the left over moles of SO2 left over moles of SO2 is equal to N1 minus N2 that is 4 minus 2 2 moles 2 moles of SO2 are left so what is the corresponding volume of this 2 moles of SO2 at STP N is equal to volume in liters at STP upon 22.4 so N is 2 so volume in liters at STP will be how much 2 into 22.4 that is our 44.8 liters so this much volume will be volume of SO2 will be left over at STP if we remove 1.2046 into 10 to the power 24 molecules from this 256 grams of SO2 this is a very important question same type of question can come here they can give a number of molecules they can they can vary it so here they can give N here they can give weight so first things first you have to convert it into moles it will be very very easier that time next yes now this is a integer type question how to do such questions read the question first five moles of AB2 okay five moles of AB2 contains not contains way 125 into 10 to the power minus 3 kg very good and 10 moles A2 B2 this is A2 B2 10 moles of A2 B2 weighs how much 300 into 10 to the power minus 3 kg okay very good again the molar mass of A and molar mass of B in kilojoules sorry kg per mole is this much okay so molar mass we have to find out of A and B okay first we will find out one mole of AB2 will weigh how much 125 into 10 to the power minus 3 upon 5 that will be 25 into 10 to the power minus 3 okay and one mole of A2 B2 will weigh how much 300 into 10 to the power minus 3 divided by 10 that will be 30 into 10 to the power minus 3 this is kg per mole this is also kg per mole per mole weight it is right so I can get two equations from here what are the two equations mass of A plus 2 into mass of B is equal to 25 into 10 to the power minus 3 this is the first equation and here 2 into mass of A you can see 2 2 atoms of A are there plus 2 into mass of B is equal to 30 into 10 to the power minus 3 very good this is equation 2 now what can I do I will subtract I will subtract 2 minus 1 I will do 2 minus 1 so if I do 2 minus 1 2 MA plus 2 MB is equal to 13 to 10 to the power minus 3 and MA plus 2 MB is equal to 25 into 10 to the power minus 3 subtracting this this will get cancelled this will give you 5 into 10 to the power minus 3 and MA so this value we have got MA is equal to 5 into 10 to the power minus 3 and they have told here molar mass of A is how much x into 10 to the power minus 3 so this is x so x will be our 5 let's find out what is MB so this equation I'm I'm taking so MA was 5 into 10 to the power minus 3 plus 2 MB is equal to 25 into 10 to the power minus 3 so 2 MB will be equal to 20 into 10 to the power minus 3 so MB will be equal to 10 into 10 to the power minus 3 and this was our y into 10 to the power 3 so we can say y into 10 to the power minus 3 so what will be our y 10 now what they're asking calculate the value of x plus y done x is 5 y is 10 so x plus y will be our 5 plus 10 that will be our 15 so 15 is the answer so this is how we approach integer type question next the number of moles of electrons which way 1 kg is 1 by x into 10 to the power 8 what is the value of x n i n i means nearest integer okay what was the mass of one mole of electron just now we have calculated it it was mass of one mole of electron can you remember it I told you to memorize the value it was 5.4 into 10 to the power minus 7 kilograms so I can say this many kilograms is equivalent to one mole so 1 kg is equivalent to 1 kg is equivalent to 1 upon 5.4 into 10 to the power minus 7 correct so now if I convert this into this particular format we have almost got the answer see this particular thing 5.4 into 10 to the power minus 7 if I write it like this 54 into 10 to the power minus 8 kg I can also write it like this no so then this will change 1 upon 54 into 10 to the power minus 8 which will be 1 upon 54 into 10 to the power 8 so this format and this format is matching now so our x will be 54 I'll repeat this once more so we have seen 5.4 into 10 to the power minus 7 kg is the mass of one mole of electrons change this format a little bit we can write it as 54 into 10 to the power minus 8 kgs that is equivalent to 1 mole of electrons so 1 kg will be equivalent to 1 upon 54 into 10 to the power minus 8 and from here this 10 to the power minus 8 is just going in the numerator this changing so x will be our 54 this is the final answer okay so the last question for today is the number of n atoms in 681 grams of C7H5N3O6 is x into 10 to the power 21 but this I will not solve this is for you to solve thank you so much see you in the next class


You guys if you want to maintain and stay with competitive program you have to keep trying You just have to keep trying like you can't you can't you can't fail like I know like a lot of It's just it's a marathon out of sprint. I Know there's like a lot of people here Me personally where let's say you true you solve like over 600 problems or 700 problems And for some reason you're still not making any results When you try to do Contests and you're not improving at all But just realize that hey, it's a marathon. It's not a sprint. You got to just keep trying you have to learn more algorithms more data structures You have to keep trying and just keep moving forward and you just have to keep going and sooner or later You're gonna see results. I know like when you have a downward spiral in a contest and you can't You can't you can't seem to think that you're gonna move up or go to the next level Even after a year or a month or maybe two years, maybe you're still stuck on the same level You just have to keep trying keep learning new hard problems Resolve old problems and you just have to keep moving forward. That's the only way you can motivate yourself another thing you can Go and leak code and try different types of problems and maybe you could break like Try a number, you know, like I will I'll solve a medium problem every day Okay, I'll solve a medium problem every day and then sooner or later Maybe maybe you saw 500 of medium problems and you realize damn. I still don't know what I'm doing I still don't know how to do these problems and I still don't know what I should do at that point you just have to Resolve the problems and just keep going forward and just keep moving and keep trying to learn things Like each problem is a learning experience. You can't just you can't stay stuck on there forever Okay, so that's the only way to move it to motivate you guys in order to move forward and when you're feeling down about competitive programming When you're feeling burnt out, you just have to keep going forward. You just have to Every problem is a learning experience and if you have an issue with it You just have to keep trying and just keep moving forward. So Hope you guys know this video. This is just a thing Motivation at 1 a.m. In the morning for me, but yeah, very calm subscribe. I'll check you guys later. Peace


G'day, May 40 here. Who among us can forget the day that Australia got marriage equality? I'm standing on that sacred site right now. Equality green. The joyful crowd of more than 30,000 people gathered at Prince Alfred Park the morning of Wednesday 15th November 2017. Celebrate marriage equality in Australia. Isn't that lovely? Oh, it's really nice, isn't it? This is the place, right? 30,000 Aussies came together to celebrate marriage equality. This just warms your heart, doesn't it?


Hi everyone. Happy Thursday. Joe for Jasper's Case Breaks dot com knocking out another two box break of 2020 immaculate football Two box pick your team number five all from the same case Some pretty good stuff big. Thanks to all of these people right here for getting into it And we did this straight up to no fillers or anything. So I appreciate everybody Who started filling this break the middle relievers who came in? To fill this break and then the closer right here to knock out that last team Thanks to all for getting into this All right Let's choose. I like that die right there So we'll go one two three four five six a one two three for the top two four five six for the for the bottom two And it's five one two three four five six bottom two these two will save for pick your team six for next time remember I Had that drew those squiggly marks on there so we know that they are all from the same case and GL good luck There's a blockchain card on the bottom Right here, and that's Brandon Iac immaculate introductions for the San Francisco 49ers that goes to Jay And in case you were wondering These are blockchain cards. They don't replace a card here. They're in addition to not instead of Thing with this first came out some people were like what blockchain? I Replaces a hit you should even put those in I was like no no no don't freak out guys Jay with the nighters. They're in addition to not instead of All right, let's use this blank card right here to slow play the hits a little bit. We've got The bus rams edition of Jerome bettis Not nine out of nine no six sixty out of sixty probably That goes to the rams that'll be for Kurt 75 out of 85 Chad Johnson Ocho Cinco that's going to go to the bangles that goes to Townsend We've got david montgomery 18 out of 32. That's nice.  That'll be for joe ren joe h We've got more bears coal comet two color patch and autograph 92 out of 99 Bears that'll be for joe and we got premium patch and autograph Mark duper. Is he trying to write super duper on here? 88 out of 99 is 88 his jersey number. No, maybe not Anyway, that's pretty cool. Dolphins That'll be for joshua joshua e with that one And then we've got 21 out 25 jerry judy nice two color patch and autograph from my rivals the broncos jason s With that all right second box Got a redemption on the bottom Oh and a big piece of the pigskin on top. Look at this with roger godel's logo right here logos 10 out of 10 a piece of the pigskin mike williams chargers joshua e with that It's pretty sweet player warner use material Someone's playing playing catch with uh mike williams. That's fun Next up is four out of five julian edelman for the patriots Townsend With the out of five base card And of course the world famous All aboard the big hit express We've got a triple relican autograph ryan carrigan for ryan herald 62 out of 99 He's pretty good don't see a lot of uh carrigan autographs Nice one for ryan h and the washington football team A few more to go to and then the redemption. We've got michael pittman jr Shadow box autograph 81 out of 99 for the blue horseshoes Tough match up against the bills this weekend That'll be for joshua b and the blue horseshoes Clyde edwardsy lair nice Rookie eye black jersey gold ink autograph on the eye black 10 out of 25 three color patch Kansas city and goes to matthew shiro And the redemption. Well, let's let's make the redemption exciting here. Let's see what we got 2020 panini macca collection. Yes, we know It is a premium patch rookie autographs gold Well, the golds are about number to 25 50 something like that lower lower number letter c Clyde h chase a s e chase young For the washington football team for ryan h Looks like those abes worked out after all Nice, there you go, man Chase young for ryan h and the washington football team. He may bother tom brady a lot this weekend That's something to look out for i'm joe for jasper's case breaks.com. Thanks for taking your abes everybody We'll see you next time for the next break. Bye. Bye