Good afternoon, everyone. My name is Amit Lankar. I am here with my colleague, Vijit Morris, and today we are going to talk about how we are using operational data at Intuit to provide meaningful and actionable insight. This is the overview of stock we are going to cover today. We will start with the problem statement, how we are solving it using operational data like talk about the applications that run on our operational data like let's get into a demo and then talk about what we are doing next. First, who we are. Me and Vijit both work for a modern SaaS team within Intuit. It's a platform team. Intuit, as you folks might know, has been around since 1983. We have 5,000-plus developers in 21 locations and so more than 50 million customers. These communities at Intuit, we have around 1200 services currently running in drug on 200-plus clusters on 10k-plus nodes. We have a lot of open source contribution, including Argo, which is a CNCF incubation project and ECO and Adminware. So, the objective of this initiative was how we can derive real-time actionable insights on the operational data we have. When we started with this, there were few problems we encountered. We were generating a lot of operational data, but they were in silos. There was no standard way to correlate this data and provide insight. Each team used to use their own dashboards to figure out insights in their own silos. And there was no easy way to provide a scalable ML platform. And why it became critical right now as more and more of our services moved to Kubernetes? It increased the complexity due to a dynamic cloud-native platform, as well as we were deploying much more that increased the risk. At the same time, Intuit did a DevOps transformation, which required specialized data driven tooling. So, how do we solve this? We created a platform called Operational Data Lake. Operational Data Lake is nothing but a warehouse of a clean, documented and schematized operational data, which we collect and process in real-time. We collect this data at different life cycles of an application that includes development, build tasks, production, security, etc. And then provide real-time analytics using ML algorithms. Another principle we wanted to follow is we democratize this operational data. So, it's available through cell service for anybody at Intuit to use it. So, our platform is divided into four parts. One is collection. Second is processing. Third is real-time ML analytics. And the fourth is storage. Let's get a little bit more detail into each of these. In collections, we use Kafka for our real-timeization. We also support batch using Kruble for things like structured log. And yes, data governance is in there and moderated by data storage. For processing, we do real-time processing using Apache King. We have cataloging using Apache Atlas. We want to make sure everything is catalog and discoverable for folks who want to use this data. We also provide enrichment using GoldenLTT. We use AssetID in our case. On analytics side, we created a standardized ML platform that highlights the anomalous behavior in any stream of data that enables us to provide a guided debugging option. As far as visualization is concerned, we created a standardized pattern for both visualization and pre-agent. We also offer an interactive exploration using Druid. And all this data is stored in a long-term store, S3 and ELK for batch. Let's go over a high level of ODL architecture. On the left-hand side, you can see we have set up of producers. It includes our Kubernetes platform. It includes build platform, API gateway. We get security data, hotel data. All this data is collected in real-time through Kafka. We ensure that everything is cataloged so that the data is clean. Once that data is collected, we process it using Apache Beam for different use cases. All this data is stored in different cache as well as data structure to serve these use cases. We have a query engine and support different BI tools like AvaloflickView so that people can create reports out of it. And on the right-hand side, you can see different consumers and use cases we support, including in security, in observability, cost optimization, etc. These are some of the applications that are currently using our operational data platform and providing actionable insight. First, we have a security use case. We collect the data for related to security, including lineage, what piece of software is running. Right from the time we build a container until the end of the lifecycle when it's running in production. We can figure out what CDE affects which piece of code, not just in real-time, but at runtime and do a triaging for that. Next is the cost reporting and analysis. This helps us with different controllers which we have written. It helps us attribute costs for any resources, CPU, memory to a particular service and on-account owner, not just for reporting, but also optimizing the cost into its best. Another major use case we are solving is development velocity. We get data from, we'll get deployment platforms to figure out what is our release velocity and then provide meaningful insights into them how we can increase the development velocity. And last but not the least is our observability application called Fuzzy, which we will go a little bit more into the next segment. The main objective of this Fuzzy is can we reduce MPTI, MPPD or all services that are running at the end? Now over to Vijit, who will go over our Fuzzy observability application and show us a demo. Thank you, Amit. Now I'm going to talk about Fuzzy, our observability application built on top of ODL. Why did we build Fuzzy? We found a couple of issues in the current way of doing it. The meantime to detect is too long. In most of the cases what we found out is we would love to detect in a standardized way because either we wanted to detect when a customer is impacted, either an internal or external. There should be a standard, almost standard way to do that. As soon as we get into an incident, the first thing the incident responder or the service owner looks for is how can we ascertain the customer impact? Who are the customers who are impacted? What is the level of impact and which are the endpoints they are being affected? The percentages, the numbers and so forth. Once we know that, we would love to solve the problem. That is isolate the source and the root cause. Source could be the source service, while the root cause could be the cause element. The root cause is little tricky. So for those some cases where we cannot find the root cause, we would need the domain experts to come in and debug or try as the problem. When the domain experts come in, what they find out is there is a large latency in data retrieval. This is due to the exponential growth in the data. Organic growth, most systems are being added. So we wanted to have a near real-time interactive system where they could explore the data and try as the problem. So this is why we built Fuzzy. What is the charter of Fuzzy? Fuzzy has three main objectives. One is make obvious what services are affected. Second is what is the causal service? And third, the causal element. Once we have this, we believe and we can show that anybody, any non-expert will be able to try as the problem. By non-expert, what we mean is we don't need domain level expert to try as. We should be able to isolate the problem very quickly than what is happening. We will talk about how ML is helping us in that. And once we are able to reduce the meantime to isolate, we will reduce the meantime to resolve. How are we doing it? Fuzzy is being an ODL app using the same four pillars of ODL. We have collection, processing, ML, and analytics. In collection, we collect all the data that is being exposed by the cloud provider. In our case, it's AWS. We have AWS, CloudWatch, CloudTrail, CloudEvents, all kinds. From the platform side, that is, we use Kubernetes. We get the audit logs. We get the Kubernetes objects, object changes, the events using data control. We have a standardized way of scraping the metrics. That is via Prometheus. So any application that runs on Kubernetes, we can get the time series metrics out by scraping the Prometheus, and we send that to Kafka. Recently, we also started getting sampled open elementary metrics. Now that we collect different data from different systems and applications, we do processing. Windowing is the most important processing we do where we window the data to a fixed or a session window. The reason we window is we want to make sure that the customers of this data won't have trouble putting the out-of-water events into order and so forth. So we put it into fixed granularity. Once we put it into fixed windows, we also make sure that there is ascertaining. So that we can correlate all these metrics and join these metrics. Kubernetes data will be very specific to Kubernetes, but we have to inject SSID, so we have to derive that. That is one main job of processing too. Once we have clean data, which is co-operable, we write it into multiple different stores for different speeds of retrieval. Radies, elastic search, druid and so forth. On ML, we have unsupervised models that is trying to detect anomalous measurements on this data. These ML models are trained per service because each service is very unique in its behavior. A quick example would be for one application, ready-scash misses are okay, but for another, misses are not okay. So it's tuned per service to be very precise. On analytics, we use this ML score, the anomaly score as the guiding factor for guided debugging. When I say guided debugging, what we mean is, let's say you can divide your application in four segments, your infrastructure applications, your AWS and your Kubernetes. If you are seeing a high anomaly in your AWS side, you really don't have to debug the application side because it's clear that the problem is happening on AWS side. This way user can narrow down to the problem very fast and the guiding factor is the anomaly score which we generate. Our analytics platform also builds hierarchical view so we could see the view from the Induit level, the BU level, the Scrum level. So we can see the impact radius. The data is very rich and we would love to share this data with everybody at Induit so we expose the entire data over graphical for consumption. The Fuzzy architecture, this architecture is very similar to the ODEA architecture because it's built on top of ODEA. I highlighted using green to show what are the components in ODEA used to buy Fuzzy. We have IKS controllers that pulls in all the data. APA GW is the APA gateway. Any two services that talk to each other always talk through APA gateway. We use black box inference to gather data about how the interaction, who are talking to each other, what status course they are emitting, what endpoints do they talk to, what is the latency and so forth. There is a plethora of information there. We use Argo CD and Argo rollouts and these generate data to help us understand when did the deployment start, when did, if things have gone out of sync, how fast is the rollout progressing and so forth. This helps us give a lot of insights on the deployment. Dev portal is where we create service. That's the starting point for a developer. It has our golden entity. That is our asset ID. So we get data and we use that asset ID for enriching. Hotel is our open element collector. This is very new. All the data is being returned to Kafka. We do curation, clean up and store to the deep door for big data analysis over a longer period of window. Every data is catalogued. Here on the processing side, you see SPP tumbling processors. SPP is doing the most of the heavy lifting, which is doing the bingoing, cleaning, joining and so forth. Tumbling processors are very efficient codes with the aim to write to radius in different data structures and it is optimized for that. This main point of tumbling processors is for the fuzzy UI to be able to slice and dice the data as the user requires. So we write it in different formats so that we can, users can slice and dice. I will talk more about ML in the coming slide. Then we of course have a GraphQL that exposes the entire data. We use different kinds of cash stores based on their current and the ML architecture. So this architecture is built on Kubernetes because we wanted a scalable system that could run thousands of models. It uses Argo workflows, Argo CD and Argo events to make it scalable and resilient. What we do is in the dispatcher, it gets pre-aggregated clean data. It looks in the messages, see which service does this message belong to and forward to the stream detector. Stream detector has a model per service. So three things could actually happen. When a message comes in the stream detector, it will see that, hey, I already have a model for this in cash. Assign the anomaly score. Other thing is it does not have a model. So it looks in the model store, gets the latest model and as an score. Sometimes you might not even find a model in a model store because it's a newly on board application. We do create dynamic models. That's the key thing. So it asked the on-demand training system to train a model and the model trainer will write a model back to the, the newly trained model back to that model storage so that the service can be ascended score in the later messages. When the new messages come. The publish adapter publishes to multiple endpoints. Today, we read from Kafka and we publish to Kafka. That is the default. So we write the anomaly score back to Kafka topic so others can consume it and they can set up. Use the data as the cfit. We also do get tops because we want to make sure that users can add new models without redeploying the entire thing. So if somebody adds a new NLP based model, they just need to write it in get tops saying that, hey, this is a new model for the service. Once it is merged, a new model will be available auto trained and be available for the, for the metrics to be ascended score with demo. Now let's get into details of fussy through a demo. This is the incident commander view of fussy on the first page. The whole point of fussy is it is it does not require any onboarding any user at into it any service at into it the moment they are onboard it moment they are created will get fussy for free. The front page of fussy what it shows is the top 10 services at into it that is behaving most anomalously out of thousands of services we have the way to interpret this is the score of zero means all is good while the score of 10 means it is most anomalous. From this user could understand that there are some anomalous services at into it. And they would like to go more to understand what is the causes service and the causal event that could have triggered this for this purpose they go to the detailed view of fuzzy. The most important information they look for and as an as a service owner is the radius impact. That's what they care about the most to understand who is being impacted because I have my application is behaving back. For that we have an application dependency graph. Let's say I am the owner of application classic right. My service has a score of 10 that means I am there is an issue. It clearly shows that who are the clients that are affected because of the anomalous behavior in my application and what is the score all of them are behaving is being impacted because of it. We also show a service to service anomaly over a score over the edge on how how the call used to be and how the call is and we highlight the score the 10 means that it's a total impact. I could also find see that hey I depend on entitlement and entitlement seems to an issue that could be the causal service that is triggering this incident. As an owner of entitlement what I would want to know is hey what is the causal event. So let's assume this is the detailed view which is can be used to understand what's going on right. So the way to interpret this set of graphs or set of charts are we show it as as a segment as each hope. So there are three major hopes we show as of today. One is the hope number one is the API gateway any two services at into it talks to interacts with each other via API gateway. So it's clear that hey there are some issues you see a spike in errors. Both a fire to and fire force. And you could see the error rate is has around 8% the general rate we are seeing. This data could be so we summarize this data and we show them on a heat map so that they could know what's happening. We could even actually if you see in here we could actually slice do a quick summarization by clicking over a span and see over a time of five minutes 15 minutes. What's the error distribution. Now that I see that hey there is a lot of errors. I would like to know what's happening. Clearly I can see that hey the load balancer which is serving the city sitting in front of the service is also showing a spike in errors. User could clearly click into it and see whether it's a target metric and a load balancer whether it's being generated by the load balancer is clearly shown by the load balancer. Now we would like to know what is triggering that is where the where we look into in the Kubernetes namespace to see hey how are the events looking at that namespace level. And we see that hey there is something at the deployment site something is happening. Once you click on it it shows that hey somebody didn't do it has run a restart on the deployment which is causing the issue. This clearly shows a non expert to be frank to see hey I see an error I see a deployment and what is causing the deployment. These are all interactive you could click on to see hey what's happening right I have 26 events in forward I you could click on it and you can see what the sequence of events that happened and how is it working. Since there are a lot of data we also summarize it as an exclamation point so that this exclamation is all about bubbling up the most causal reason which you might be interested in which could be triggering the incident for example if you click here like it shows that hey the is feeling because the ports are unhealthy. Ideally there should be only one exclamation point and we are which shows the real event and we are trying to improve our mission learning to do that to show the causal event rather than showing a set of exclamations. We also show a quick insight onto the port metrics and how many ports are running so forth and what is the CPU usage for a why just to sort for the user to see what's happening they could search for their port they can see okay I'm running five ports and this is how the memory distribution is these are also color coded between 0 to 100. So from here, I hope I was able to convince you that hey from an error API gate error in the system or incident week we are able to find the root cause very fast. Now I will hand it over to Amit for the closing. Thank you Vijay. As you can see in the demo means we have done very good progress on operational data like and using that operational data to solve some of the use cases so what's coming next. We want to make sure that we support customers it's bring your own metrics, we are expanding our service capabilities for open ended debugging also expanding our ML for more on demand models, and we are planning to do open source. Thanks. Thank you for attending our talk.


Thanks very much Bernard and thanks for the invitation to speak. My name is Ian Scoons, I'm a professor at IDS at the University of Sussex in the UK and lead the ERC funded pastures program and I want to argue that assuring good human health and preventing zoonotic disease outbreaks requires healthy ecosystems and for rangelands around the world pastures are essential and essential to nature conservation. This project has been working in six countries on three continents and very diverse settings from the high mountains of Amdo to Beirut, in China to the savannas of East Africa, to the grasslands of Kutch in India, to the desert edge in Tunisia, to the Mediterranean environments of Tardinia in Italy. As this map shows, rangelands where pastures live make up more than half of the world's land surface and are vitally important but very poorly understood ecosystems. Rangelands include savannas, tundra, steppes, parkland and they're all what are called open ecosystems where trees and grasses are mixed in variegated patches. These are highly biodiverse and are maintained by a combination of grazing and other forms of herbivory and fire. Open ecosystems are frequently not at equilibrium, they don't have a fixed stable state, they're always in flux. Mystic livestock have long been central to such ecosystems, often in combination with grazing wildlife as in the savanna plain of East Africa. Yet too often such systems are assumed to be degraded, desertified, simply wastelands and not the highly productive, biodiverse carbon stores that they are. These perceptions arise from deep misunderstandings about how such ecosystems function and the role of livestock in maintaining ecosystem health. A Western gaze assumes that such areas with few trees are degraded, that lack of grass in a dry period is a sign of desertification, that livestock inevitably are causing climate change and that mobile systems are backward and damaging by biodiversity. Responses often mastery planting in rangelands, fixed and fenced, protected areas and arguments for reducing livestock populations and settling pastoralists with alternative livelihood. This view of conservation and development is seriously misplaced. A better understanding of mobile pastoralist systems, this is emerging through our work and many others, suggests that pastoralists are vital for biodiversity conservation. Displacing pastoralists from so-called protected areas, as is happening in Tanzania currently with the Maasai and Loliondo, will do more harm than good. Thinking about targets for protected areas globally needs to take account of different livelihoods and different ecosystems. Exclusion is usually not the answer. I want to now highlight six ways that pastoralists are important for ecosystem health and conservation. First, mobile grazing both responds to and creates environmental variability through light disturbance and the deposition of dung and urine. This can enhance species of biodiversity in rangeland ecosystems. Second, movement across landscapes, for example through transhumans, can assist seed dispersal, promoting biodiversity and plant conservation. Transhumans' roots are widely recognized as important bio-corridors and they are crucial for species and landscape conservation. Local key resources, which are vital for livestock feeding and watering, are also crucial for migrant bird populations, but drainage and increased pesticide use for agriculture can upset its interaction. Pastoralist systems protect important genetic material through the practices of pastoral livestock breeding, creating animal biodiversity and resilience against disease and other threats. Livestock in certain valuable keystone species often live side by side. For example, in Europe endangered vulture species are reliant on scavenging, dead livestock perium. Grazing by pastoral livestock is essential for the removal of dry biomass and the suppression of hot and dangerous fires. Yet in the Mediterranean region, declining pastoral populations have been associated with increase in highly damaging fires. Rather than pastoral systems, it's livestock systems that are intensive and concentrated in one place with close and continuous human contact, where the dangers of zoonotic outbreaks lie. Instead, a biodiverse, rich ecosystem that is managed by pastoralists is much more likely to stop dangerous zoonotic spillovers and protect human health. In some, mobile diverse pastoral systems managing open ecosystems in sustainable ways together with nature must be central to future thinking about protecting our shared natural heritage at COP15 and beyond. Thank you very much.


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Eve the Thumbnail reminds me of the Ben 10 Octopus headed alien villain Gilgax something like that Ben 10 here we go can you draw the beast from over the garden wall uh that's a animation series right and no i can't draw copyrighted beast i just i just jumped straight into the comments today hi spooky nerd hi just for fun hey hulkster good to see you all hey moona hey leafy so uh let's just uh start this live proper so that that you know if people see the recorded version they will know what's going on so my name is kimmy Diaz Holm also called den unge had holm i make art for free use so you can download it you can share it you can copy it you can tattoo it you can even sell it as long as you name me as writer by writer name as artist and if you think that's cool then you can support for instance by becoming a youtube member like those cool kids with the green names that is five dollars a month and you'll get they've gotten their first early access video i think i'll release that video tomorrow but they've gotten it for over a week already not that big of a deal of an early access but it will be bigger deal vilgax not gilgax i i sort of um spaced out and thought of a version um that is half vilgax and half gary gygax creator of dungeons and dragons what did you think of the troll movie of 2022 i liked it very entertaining um uh good sort of be movie feel but still it had heart uh it had soul i i enjoyed it very much katula seems to me like a easter person rather than a christmas person then you haven't heard uh the the the lovecraft christmas album katula might as christmas album uh it's beginning to look a lot like show guts how are you came i'm doing okay okay let's uh turn the camera around and um start drawing something maybe ooh like the stream yeah 32 people in here and only 15 people have liked the stream so so some of you hate the stream probably because i don't know where my papers are at where my papers at now i miss your face you can do both my face and the drawing almost but we won't do that dirty wow dirty deeds done dirt cheap hello there okay hello as mode is um um chad android user yes android uh and uh my son has uh uh stuck a apple sticker on my phone kermito good to see you okay so what i thought we'd do today is simply do a couple of ink monsters or something like that i don't remember what the number on the law i think it we're almost at 1440 so what we'll say 1440 what do you want me to draw do you want a um um color ink plot or you want a black and white ink plot series is an apple ambassador no that was estaban the the older one he is the apple ambassador draw death we can do death so i just to illustrate how simple it is to do black and white death you do like this well there wasn't that much ink in here so but it'll work still okay and like this and then you have a skull everyone sees the skull i don't know if i see the skull but there's a couple of different uh skulls that you can have there one of them is that way but i think i like this one the best and then i'll fill it in with some white ink afterwards so we'll do like this death in the form of the grim reaper and that it now it doesn't look like death now it looks like uh something else but i'll bring death i'll bring death with uh my uh white ink then it'll see it mom's a streamer actually used my idea mom a streamer oh i thought you said that your mother was a streamer who who stole ideas from you which you know that happens do you like uh percy jackson i've never read percy jackson's i haven't seen the movies i uh i have gotten it recommended by people in chats not gotten to it yet i made some ink monster inspired by yours excellent do send them to me and i'll take a look i don't can't promise that i will reply to all the messages i get but i do take a look at most everyone uh every of them i see skull looking to the side yeah you can see many skulls but i have one in mind and uh i'm going to if you haven't seen it yet i'm going to make it appear rather quickly how do you draw ink monsters without the ink container well there's uh i can show you afterwards we'll do a non ink ink or a non ink monster afterwards okay you make scribble monsters you can make um are you scared of death no i'm scared of not being alive is it still an ink monster if i use a ballpoint pen if you want it to be i mean ballpoint pens have ink and you know also you know not all of my ink monsters are even made with ink some have been with watercolor or acrylic why does death have his finger out like that because uh because uh have i read are a salvatore's books no i haven't i am aware of him but i haven't read the books it was my favorite book um i read very little uh fiction i haven't read a fiction book in many years now so but um some books that were impactful on me in uh uh earlier part of my life were i mean the god of small things by adan dot the roi um catcher in the rye lord of the rings clamorama and uh american psycho yeah how do i send you my heart you can do that on uh instagram or on facebook or on the mail at my website den ungeherholm.com so there was a question adan dot the roi is from your state cool yeah she is awesome have you ever heard of the game forgive me father it's a retro style fps with a lot of crafty and themes uh comic book style art excellent uh i haven't heard of it is it pc only i'm guessing because i do not pc game a lot because my pc is uh not good it's not good okay shall we get the face on death commit to us an ai helper just saw the stream i love your art in your videos thank you so much i think you'd enjoy in your ink monsters is to visualize the fear of inevitable decay of entropy something about it imposes the type of fear in me which i keeps me up at night i think i've probably done something which are related to that uh i mean i've done a lot of uh different uh versions of decay and entropy and zombies are always about that i guess so i have drawn you demon gun did i think in the next couple of weeks i think we have a you demon gun did video an old one lined up uh so yeah do you think you could draw the scene from the climax of detail tale heart oh that would be good i want to do that but i haven't read that in a long time i do really want to do a um a version of uh the mask of the red death i think i have to do that one should fear about not being born more than death i mean i don't fear not being born i think the i think it's too late for that could i draw a vampire fighting a vampire hmm maybe i my first uh self-published comic when i was like 15 was a vampire comic i'm liking this death phase so i did a vampire comic when i was i think i started when i was 14 and released the first issue when i was 15 i think i released four issues all together uh it was called mens goods so of it whilst god is sleeping and it's was very emo have you played hades yeah i need to get back to hades i really loved it but i fell off somehow i don't quite know why uh could you do offend the servant i think that's one of the things i've drawn almost the most um that's goal is looking magnificent i was informed of the new song trial by fire through your video yeah i like i really like both of uh the new priest songs i mean that's not revolutionary coming uh for me because i've liked uh i like almost all they do and i've liked also all the albums after the reunion and um but i i am not uncritical i do think there are plenty of things to criticize musically and lyrically about new or priest but um but i do think and i think um firepower was a very strong effort and it felt very fresh and this might even feel fresher i feel like every artist at some point has made an emo comic yeah probably i really liked how this one came out firepower was was great yeah firepower had um had a great sound it had some really awesome songs and also some growers um and it was it was the first priest album since uh angel of retribution that had a good sound and a good mix because uh master domus and uh redeemer of souls were produced by priests themselves but but they i mean they never figured out how to create their own sound when they self produced and you can hear that on glen tipton's self produced albums and you know death again but yeah i i think the two um two new songs from invincible shield are really promising and i think they're even more promising than firepower was with um what was the single from firepower hi are you met mic pattern fan yes absolutely i i grew up first on you know fate and war angel dust was really big in my circles and for me and then i found found mr bungle around the time of disco valanta and uh no disco valanta and california are among my favorite albums so yeah do you like marvel comics oh i love marvel comics do you have any other kids other than estaban misspelled and serious no um no only two kids i'm also loving toddy us new christmas album i've never listened to her or night wish a lot maybe i should give it a chance thought on metallica awesome band um i like a lot of people i have fallen off the newer stuff but but i'm i kind of respect them for going their own way and doing their own thing even though it's not the music i like comfortable enough to draw a um uh hindu god yet no i need uh more research thoughts on dio uh i dio is uh fantastic vocalist i my favorite dio period is uh uh let's do another skull thing my favorite dio period is rainbow and i also like i also like uh his black Sabbath stuff and i like his solo stuff and he was a great vocalist very silly lyrics but but for me i i seldom listen to a whole dio album uh i have done it but it doesn't happen all that often oh um but amazing voice and and uh you know holy diver was uh one of estaban's favorite songs while he was a toddler could you draw a giant from north mythology uh fire eyes etc so the idea of fire and ice giants is more marvel than north mythology um giants or or jutnud jodun in um in north mythology aren't necessarily giant they are some of them are giant some of them are god-sized um and i don't except for surjtud who has an association with uh fire and of course rasvelged who is an eagle who has an association with um with the wind and perhaps death um they don't really have those kinds of uh elemental associations ute gar luke is one of my favorite north tales yeah ute gar luke is an amazing tale uh i can see if i remember it well enough to tell a version of it it was uh when uh Thor and Loki and Thor's uh servant chalva a human servant were traveling around they traveled out to ute gar the edge of the world and then um one of the first things that happened is they meet a giant that is just ridiculously giant um i don't remember quite uh what happens with that giant sorry about that part but eventually uh after that giant they come to the hall of ute gar luke who isn't Loki but he's out guard Loki um and then um out it is the biggest hall they've ever seen it's just a giant hall and um um ute gar luke bids them in and he arranges some trials for them and that and one of them is uh to to try and lift a cat and Thor's Thor tries to lift the cat but he he can't get it almost up from the ground but it claws its um holds his claws in the ground still and as he lifts it he gets weaker and then uh another uh uh test that ute gar luke does is a eating competition where luke i think is supposed to eat faster uh than than someone else that i don't remember in the name of excuse this story for all i don't remember so uh luke tries to eat faster than him but it doesn't really work and then chalva has to um run faster than another um another person and that doesn't work he is just extremely fast and then also um Thor has to try to drink up a horn of mead thank you for giving super thanks happy thanksgiving oh i don't celebrate we there's no thanksgiving in norway uh but um after they have failed all the trials ute gar luke reveals that all of it his house and the giant and um and uh the trials were all illusions because ute gar luke is a he's a giant and a and a magician and uh he fooled them all so when chalva was running trying to run faster than his opponent his opponent was thought itself and you can run as fast as you want but thoughts get there instantly and um um the the person that luke was eating in the eating competition against that was fire and fire just kept eating and eating and eating and then um the oh no i i said something wrong i i i said something wrong the cat didn't make luke for weaker but he almost managed to lift it up but the cat was really uterine gun did the midgard serpent and then also uh the the flag of mead was to see and that's the explanation for why uh you you uh you'd find marks on stones from the sea being much higher than it was in the viking age because Thor had drank up some of the ocean and then finally the final trial that i forgot was that uh Thor uh Thor had to wrestle against an old woman and then it was he got weaker and weaker and that was because that old woman was age and then uh ut gar luke disappears and nothing has really happened uh what did you think of Thor from god of war iragnarok i absolutely love Thor in that game i i'm all in all i have to say that i'm not disappointed but i think that um god of war iragnarok was as boring a sequel as it could be i think the story choices they chose um were um the least interesting they could have done that being said i think that everything they did they did phenomenally well i absolutely loved Thor odin was great um anger buddha was fantastic um i liked uh uh yeah i like i liked it all almost yeah the the old god of war games are really fun as well um but they're a very different type of game what shall this fella be named thank you so much for the super chat so so just to um tell it like it is um many comments many comments um um got beaten up by the police yesterday that's awful gerald his name is gerald okay so i think there was a couple of different things we could couple questions that rolled by for being in a pro palestine demo so very good that it went to the pro palestine demo and very awful from the police and you know uh i needed post more about palestine okay just turn it around and answer some of the questions that we got uh i think that one of the questions was interesting but the answer will be boring because um what's a character in norse mythology that i feel we know that i feel is underused or underutilized and the thing is is the stories we have left are predominantly about thor loki odin tea it is briefly in one story and balder is really important because of balder's death uh and um uh there are loads of fun characters with the dwarves and different unit and you know hail and uh all that but we really very seldomly know anything about them and that leads me to vidad is heavily underrated but we don't know anything about vidad except that he uh has shoes made from thousands of shoes and that he um kills fendress and avenges his father and that's sort of uh freya we know a little bit about she's in a few of the stories eden kind uh but i guess freya would be of those we know something about freya would be good and then there was this other question uh about or it was a comment saying that i wish we had the un christianized um versions of the tale tales and i my personal gut feeling is that the christianization of um of the old tales is something that's very overblown that the reality of it as far as i can see is that the people like snowy desturlasson who wrote down the eddas and wrote down the most we have the biggest whole stories i think what he was doing and i think he says that out pretty directly is that he was recording stories in a tradition he knew and these were the stories of old from you know before uh before people up north knew about jesus and i think he tried to write them down in the traditions as accurately as he could because it wasn't like this was stories of some awful pagan people these were his people stories and he wanted to present them as you know as noble as the ancient Greeks or the uh old testament uh Jews so so and for christians at that time these stories of people great peoples before they met jesus were okay because jesus they had didn't know about jesus yet so so they they they did think uh strange things and do strange things just like people do in the old testament so i think the christianization was probably a lot more subtle uh one thing is probably the christianization of north tales in a huge part was which tales got written down because he wrote down tales for his contemporary audience and some tales were more some tales had aged better and you know in in terms of some of the tales are based on poems the poems probably changed um very slowly if at all poetry is hard to change because it still has to have that rhythm and uh also it was a great shame to have changed a poem uh unless you changed it for the better i think um and you know there were probably a lot of things that were you know chris not christianized but were modernized by snoda and by the others who wrote down the stories because it was a few hundred years after the viking age and after that had been an active belief so there were probably things that he misunderstood and probably areas where he felt he had to explain things for his modern audience but those things he explained might be wrong but in terms of like i've heard things like oh uh it is just uh bold it is just put in there as a figure for jesus and uh and uh uh loki is just uh uh manipulated to be satan and i've never seen anything that suggests that i i think the christianization was much subtler and it was much more about you know uh choosing tales that appealed to his audience uh so question are there people who still practice the old norse religion no there are people who practice uh osatu or other other norse pagan religions those are modern reconstructions of the old religions uh there isn't any unbroken line anywhere so they are reconstructed based on the surviving text on archeology uh uh co-evidence and on you know modern inventions there is absolutely no one uh today practicing the old religion and we don't really know a lot about how that old religion looked there is very much evidence to suggest that the daily spiritual and religious life of people in viking age scandinavia was very different from the kind of stories that you get in the norse mythology not because it was it was made up or anything like that but but because it was stories of lords and um of lords and gods and of the nobles for the nobles and most people weren't that and the evidence you find in archeology about uh religious or ritual or spiritual practices are often much more mundane than what you find in um in the big stories i think and i also think that uh a lot more of i think a lot of the the fault belief of the viking age probably with the changes because it's a fault belief uh survived into the scandinavian fairytale traditions and i think i mean i have no way of saying that people did uh this back then but you know probably putting out porridge for the nissa uh in the winter is probably closer to the type of spirituality that uh that people had there at that time than than most of what you read in the sagas and the eddas and all the stories of the big big heroes unrelated question have you finished alan wake too no i've not gotten far but i want to play it more do you have a favorite teaching from your culture family that you'd be willing to share i don't know favorite teaching from my i have i have to think about that the polytheistic native fates everywhere seems to be much uh to be better than abrahamic fates because of its diversity and how much it doesn't stand in the way of being secular yeah and uh but uh you know say what you want about the vikings but i'm very happy that important men and women aren't buried with their slaves anymore i mean there there's um there are interesting things about polytheistic religions there are interesting things about um abrahamic fates would you draw polyphemous from greek mythology yes i have drawn poly polyphemous uh uh getting his eye stabbed by uh by by auditions and uh it's but i should probably do it in the video as well it's a great story i am doing very well playing guitar while watching excellent have you ever drawn any type of gargoyle many types of gargoyle probably the the disney cartoon gargoyles at some point as well do you know any irish legends and monsters very few i've drawn like the puka i've drawn uh sire not sirens but uh banshees i've uh i'm going to draw the nukkalevi soon but that's uh maybe that's uh orkney islands where is it could you draw huldra yes i've drawn huldra a few times viking boat uh funerals looked cool though yeah but we don't know how often they did that we know they did that sometimes how many stories uh do you think are lost into time most of them we know that we know that i mean uh there were great respect given towards good storytellers and there were also people who traveled around and told stories and there were uh you know like poetry battles where the combatants had to out poetry each other and also similar competitions without telling each other and it was a very much a story telling society and um and i i mean i think about how incredibly many fairy tales we know and have and how different they are from all of the different places in norway and sweden and danmark and there's so many and they're so different and there's so many versions of each tale and most of the fairy tales are also lost so we probably know very very few viking stories um i also have to thank you as an indigenous person from turtle island that you're respectful of our stories and don't disrespect or and misrepresent them yeah i've learned to thank you so much and it is a it is a relief when i hear that i have learned so much the last few years about treating people and stories with respect while still having my view on them and and and my view yeah so i've learned so much about indigenous mythologies and folklore from turtle island from from uh you know uh the Mapuche people of Chile from the uh north america and i um i i try my best to be respectful when i tell these stories and i i think i probably do a worse job when telling christian stories because that is so associated with power and that power has to be critiqued and has to be criticized um but i um i think i also there have to be a do a better job of making sure that that most of my viewers understand that i'm criticizing the institutions i'm criticizing the power abuse uh and i'm not criticizing the people who get something out of those stories have you drawn a yokai uh i not yet uh i i've drawn two little japanese mythology and folklore i've drawn uh what's the one that the one with a bowl of water on a skull uh kappa i've drawn the kappa a few times hinduism is a hot topic because a religious nationalist now maybe better stay away yeah but so when it is um talking about um uh other people's beliefs like hinduism i feel a responsibility to increasingly feel a responsibility to to you know tell the stories in a way that respects individuals even though i may disagree with them on many points uh you know as an atheist and satanist and anarchist how you disagree with most people most of the time but but to use my these these are things that are hard to think about and hard to talk about but it's been something i've been thinking about a lot with the latest batch of political videos i've done is how to hmm i have a little bit of edgelord in me if i had been gotten tiktok fame uh you know 10 years before i did or 15 years before i did or 20 years before i mean if i had gotten the level of fame that i've fame that i've gotten today uh in my teenage years i would have been insufferable i would have just said so much just to provoke and just to piss people off and um i'm slowly learning that that's not the best thing i can do it's fun sometimes i mean art should have a certain i don't give a fuck attitude but but find a balance there oh my god i love your wind videos got to go see a holster favorite drawing you've ever made the next one the next one will be good but the next one i will not be doing uh in this live because i have to go uh if you go to my web store den ungeherholm.com then the pink tober pictures are still for sale all november for our low lowest prices for originals you can also support by becoming a member of my youtube channel and get early access to some things to some videos you can support them patreon you can support on the web store by buying merch or prints or originals and you can support by using my art all my art is available for free use um so you can download it you can copy it you can share it you can even sell it as long as you mentioned me as artist i think i will um end with answering leafy's comment saying most christians don't know a single thing about the religion and just say they are christian as a statement and as a pure excuse to be hateful that's an idea that i've had as well but i think with time i think that it is okay not to know a lot about what you believe you don't have to be a bible scholar and i think the hate is rooted somewhere else and i think to a much bigger degree than i've been comfortable with or been aware of i think the anger and hate i have and that carries in me and that expresses itself in the art is hate that under other circumstances could have latched on to something like christianity or hinduism or nationalism or whatever in order to find an excuse for that hatred to be justified and it's not necessarily the religions text themselves but it's the the powers behind them i think okay that was all our i'm happy we got to solve all the world's religious problems today so bye bye i'll be back with a live soonish bye