May I introduce Charles Lee, Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Exchange and Clearing. You're running one of the most innovative exchanges on the planet. You're consistently leading in terms of IPOs. You're innovating in terms of startups, particularly in the biotech space, that you list on your exchange and you're continuously attracting foreign listings as well. You're previously with JP Morgan, Chair of China, and you're trained as a journalist and lawyer, I believe. Jessica Tan, you are co-CEO of Ping An Insurance, one of the largest, if not the largest insurance company in the world with close to a trillion in assets. You also chair the technology arm where you're significantly investing in technological innovation and you have, I believe, 500 million online users on your platforms. So let me kick it off with a couple of questions to get us started. And then I will let you have the floor. So Jessica, in your opinion, what is the biggest barrier that leaders will need to overcome and the habits that they will need to cultivate in this new era of globalization? And Charles, what are some of the steps that you have taken recently to recalibrate and steer your organization in this new area of globalization? Please, the floor is yours. So hi, everyone. I'll start off first, Charles, being the gentleman here. So my name is Jessica Tan, as was introduced, Ping An, maybe a little bit about Ping An. We are one of the largest insurance company. And then from insurance, we banked into various financial services, banking investment area. And in the past 10 years, we've just been zilious in investing in technology. What's unique about us is that we invest in the technology not just for ourselves, but we've incubated 11 tech companies over the past 10 years. The combined valuation is more than, I think, 70 billion US dollars, the last count, which is about more than a third of our market valuation. And the way we think about these technology, just give me a sec, does this work? Yeah. Okay. And what's unique about us, I think, in investing in these technologies is that we do not just for ourselves, but we serve the market. So we have a fintech company that serves over 600 banks, 72 insurers in the market. We have health tech companies that serves over 3,000 hospitals. And we have smart city companies that serves over 100 cities in China. So I think that's kind of the graph of where we are. And then to answer the question that's the kickoff, I think one of the things that personally, as I think about, is in this globalization 4.0, when you think about leaders, either as companies or as individuals, one of the most difficult problem I see is that how do you cross barrier? I mean, we talked a lot about digital economy. You see a lot of these breakouts sharing how these platforms, the lines are blurring, lines are blurring between offline and online. Lines are blurring between traditional sector definition. And so how do you think about being able to go across that? And I think this requires something that is inherent in all of us, but yet as individuals or organizations, you get out of your comfort zone in an area that you don't know about. And I think that often is something that we have to overcome. I run many of our technology innovation group. We grew from about 3,000 developers 10 years ago to now 30,000 developers and 99,000 technologists in our companies. And one of the things that we constantly have to do is then how do you bring people from different disciplines? I think Charles is a great example. I knew about his law degree, I didn't know about his journalism, you know, is how about you bring, because you're trying to solve a problem. I mean, I was just at a healthcare breakout session, right? How do you bring people with healthcare, with technology, with maybe kind of social studies type of experience together to solve a problem? And that requires a very different type of skills being able to acknowledge that you don't really know some of the areas. Having an embracing and open collaborative environment, which is ironic these days, at the micro level, it's also at the organization level. And I think that for me is the key on how you can scale many of these innovations together. Yeah, I think, you know, we just published our three-year strategic plan. When we look at our business, look at our market, we just felt that probably in the next decade, the biggest thing in our career is really how China is going to interact with the rest of the world. That's really the largest pool of capital that is yet captive within its own borders. And it's difficult for others to go in, and it's difficult for their capital to come out. But we also know that's the second largest equity market, third largest bond market. In that, inevitably, it has to really find ways to connect. But increasingly, it's becoming very difficult politically, economically. But it's even technologically. So China, in terms of Chinese money, accessing into international goods or products, in terms of global money, accessing into Chinese underlying and Chinese goods. So that for big customers, how do they interact over time with capital control, with the Sino-US conflict? That's a very big thing for us to figure out a way for that connection to take place. But increasingly, we are also challenged by another very big divide. That is, the technology has really made the Asian market, China market fundamentally different from the Western market. Western market is still a very heavily intermediated market. It was big banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies, a lot of the financial institutions before we come to the consumers. But the Chinese market are heavily and disintermediated already, both in terms of the capital market run by the state. It's all 100 million people open accounts directly with the clearinghouse and with the CCP. And you have the Ping An, the Alibaba, the Tennessee Institute essentially flattened the entire economic and financial services landscape. So it's all into the C-terminal. So when we, as an exchange, looking at this big trend, this too big divide, we all know they need to talk, but they no longer can talk. So as an exchange, how do we find a way to make everything work? To make the connection work? Make the round pipes connected with that square pipes? Because the voltages are no longer the same. And not only between China and the US and the West, but it's also between China is heavily technologically advanced in terms of the structure, in terms of the hardware, in terms of software. The disintermediation also means the chemical enrichment in that market is pretty much deprived right now. But with the heavily intermediate pyramid market globally, everybody's trying to do MIFI-2, which is really a disclosure system, but China's already MIFI-10. So how do we really make this two system is really what we are looking at. We historically, as an exchange, our job is easy. We basically like a pack of wolves traveling on the snow. The strong wolves are heading at the front, trying to open roads, trying to find new directions. But the weak, the elder, are all in the middle and towards the end. We, as an exchange, is at the rear. We're the strongest wolf as a rear guard because we have to move with the market.  But that sometimes becomes an excuse for exchanges to be very backward, to be moving at the pace of the slowest member. Today, we want to make sure that not only we are leading, but we are also bringing the rare and sometimes have to really make tough choices that we are not going to let everybody to go with the pace. Some people may not be able to be at the same pace and if we, with a lot of efforts, they may have to be left out. We need to move that pack along. But now this pack has two camps, four camps, China, international, just an independent model and a heavily pyramid model. And how these four things can ultimately work is how we look at leadership. Because exchange is a unique organization that are able to bring everybody together. And in that connection, we have a lot to work with P9. So I want to ask Jessica because I look at Ping An with a tremendous amount of interest because they have their hands everywhere. They're in insurance, they're in bank, they're in broker-dealer, they're in technology, they're in commodities, they're in exchange trading, they're in P2P financing. So how do you look at all the different sectors and how do you make decisions as a leader both internally but also Ping An as a leader of the industry? How do you make decisions where you become a competitor, where you become a platform developer, where you become a technology provider, or where you just simply open for competition? I think, so firstly, Charles and I know each other. So we can go on for hours if we want to talk. I think it's interesting questions. When we become really big, as Charles said, we are very big. Not only we manage a trillion US dollars, we have 1.8 million people working for us and coming from Singapore. That's a lot of people. So one of the things I think we think about constantly, what to do or not to do, you have to go back down to what your mission statement is. If you look at our mission, we are a retail company. 87.5% of our profits come from retail. So we care about our individuals. And we believe that we want to provide leading financial services embedded into their lifestyle. I think that's how we see it. We see financial services as a conduit to what they really want. So the things that we do besides our core financial services businesses and our technology, I mentioned that we have 11 businesses, we chose five areas that we think are fundamental, not just to the GDP, economic development, but also to the individuals. So these are things, so financial services definitely is one. Health is definitely one. Everyone cares about health. Car and in Asia, everybody wants a car. So automobile, housing, and a smart city, because a lot of this urbanization trend is going to continue and all our lives revolve around the city. So these are five areas that we believe are important for the country as well as for individuals. And then the question is then how? How do we actually get involved in this ecosystem, which are very huge ecosystems itself, and make ourselves relevant? Where's our value at? And we've gone through over the 10 years back and forth in many different models. I think what we realize is that where our key is our expertise knowledge in being able to bridge various things together. And I'll give a health care example. If you look at the health care exam, many people will think that the whole ecosystem, we divide that into three parts of the ecosystem. That's the patient themselves, the providers, and then the payer who's going to pay for it. In many countries, it's either the insurance who pay for it, the government who pay for it, out of pocket you pay for it. And for each of these areas, our DNA is a little bit different. So firstly, we are definitely strongest in the payer because we are the largest health insurance in China. So not only do we do ourselves, but then we realize that 55% of the health care expenditure in China is paid for by the government. And we need to first have a better handle on the cost. So 10 years ago, we incubated the company, social health insurance tech company that primarily serves the government in terms of how they would administer the right health care costs just like what an insurance would do. That gives you a good idea of what the kind of diagnostic standard are and whether the costs are. The second thing we need to do is then on the patients, you need to be influenced, a lot of us in the health care sector, you need to influence how the decisions are being made by all of us. Every day we have lots of illnesses and then what will we do? So six years ago, we created a company, Good Doctor, actually listed on Hong Kong Exchange proudly, whereby we realized the primary care provision in China is inconsistent quality, and therefore we created this online telemedicine. We have over 1,000 doctors. We have now 250 million people on our app. Every day we have 550,000 people who are asking our doctors about various diagnostics because we want to start developing a habit, whereby I think these days, if you want to know, you don't need to go to hospitals, line up for three hours, and you can ask our qualified doctors. Five years ago, it was completely manual. Today 75% is actually answered by AI assistant robot. So I think that's the kind of trend we want to start making the right choices up front when you have a question. And then the third part of the ecosystem is then the actual delivery of health care. Now we are not in the business of running hospitals and stuff, and here our advantage is really technology. So we have a health tech company that serves primarily the 3,000 hospitals, anywhere from AI medical imaging to clinical decision support system to help improve the consistent level of delivery for by the practitioners on the ground. And I think this is an example of how I think we try to think of ourselves from first insurance and a health tech company on how do we play a more integral role in the entire ecosystem, right? This is a big industry, right? Biotech is one of the areas that you talked about, and we find areas where we're strong in, right? Where by we know we have a good balance on cost, right? So that it's not just about efficiency, it's about quality of care. You don't have over-medication. We know that we need to start being able to influence the people to make the decisions, and now technology to improve the level of the division. And then the rest, we collaborate. So that maybe is how we do it. So this is my turn to kind of quiz them on stuff. And it's interesting, I mean, Charles spoke just now also this morning and now press conference about connecting the two systems, right? And this is clearly a hot topic between how two kind of systems are so fundamentally different, right? And you talk about the square pipes and the round pipes. You know, practically, how do you think that sometimes things that are seemingly irreconcilable, right? How do you think that you can practically make this work together? And would you wish that the rest of the people could do a little bit more or to help with that cost? Because I think everyone would love to see, you know, be able to connect the two systems much more effectively together. Yes, I think, you know, Ping An is the perfect client for Exchange because they represent what we do in the past. They represent what we're doing today and they're representing what we might be doing into the future. So I think in the past, you know, Exchange typically monopoly, typically lazy. So in the past, we're sitting in Hong Kong, waiting for them to come to list. And then they just come to list and then international investors come to Hong Kong making investments. We are a great monopoly and we treat them with a lot of money and that was pretty much a great future, a great life for many, many years. And they were a big client, Ping An, you know, becoming a very big investor, also Ping An listed in the Hong Kong Exchange. But then what we're doing today is this two-market China in the world are very, very different. Today, for example, Ping An is already the largest investor, you know, single shareholder of HSBC. But they can't really buy HSBC by moving all the money out of China because of due and the capital control. They did it through what we call stock connect. Stock connect is what we're doing today. Essentially today, we're very realizing the market is so different than we created this market, you know, connect because China can take people in or people can come out but they cannot really allow a large scale of that to happen. So instead, we come up with the stock connect. Essentially a bond connect. Essentially people in Hong Kong are buying everything into China electronically but every day they're subtle and clear with Hong Kong clear. Conversely, everybody in China today are buying the Hong Kong market by buying electronically but they settle unclear with China clear. So every day, you know, I clear with all the international investors buy and sell net it out at eight o'clock at night. I'm the only guy who carry a batch of money and China clear carry a bag of money. We meet on the Shenzhen Bridge and that's the only money that exchanges on that day. Everybody is buying the in and out but every day there's only one amount of money. So over the last five years of stock connect only a hundred billion RMMB moved north into China created a trillion market cap of owning each other and supported by about 10 trillion in trading volume. So that's sort of essentially using the exchange to bridge the differences of the two markets that nobody needs to change in order to go into China and nobody needs to change in order to come out of China. So that's what we're doing today. That's really how we connect because we allow the market to do what they do. So that's really a huge progress but we look at them all the stuff they're doing particularly on the technology front is into the future because our market, the capital market is heavily intermediated. The exchange is at the top broker dealers are the members the clients are behind them. That's the pyramid. China is already flat. Everybody open accounts. China is almost like a very clean water tank of small fish. Big fish are not allowed to eat a small fish. So it's very clean. It's very easy to regulate. Our market is slightly muddy but on the other hand it's highly efficient in different ways. So how this two market is going to interact is something that we essentially trying to answer but their future they're doing so much into the future. So we're working with Ping An we're working with Alibaba Tennessee and many big technology giants. Why? Because I know my business is a dinosaur business and I know everything ultimately is going to be flat. Everybody is on the consumer's C2C side. We are the B2B market. They're digging my grave. So I want to join the digging because when I join the digging I know where the hoe is. I know how deep it is. I put a nice comfortable bed in there and I will survive still in there. So can you tell me what are the big grave holes that you're digging for me?  Well, actually Chang's example of the stock conduct is an excellent example. Before I respond to his question because I think a lot of times conceptually something sounds good but in just that simple idea of stock conduct took years, years, actually, I mean Charles is actually not talking about actually the amount of effort he took personally to champion and convince both sides to do it. And I think that really is such a simple idea and frankly, beautiful idea, beautiful idea how you can respect the rules of both systems yet be able to bring in and we are one of the beneficiary. So I would just urge that I think there's so much more that can be done, but a lot of details need to work and can be worked out. I think back to the question on what are holes and stuff. I think many of us are from, I mean insurance is a very traditional industry, if you will. And I think 10 years ago, one of the reasons that spurred us to do this is that we see so many things happening on the technology front, right? This morning I said we as consumers really has completely disrupted our lives, right? My daughter's lived in the whole world whereby she only knows how to do this with a phone. I was, we were still doing the dialing thing. And businesses, we are still decades old. And I really feel passionate about this. I mean, I was a McKinsey partner, so I was 13 years old, all sorts of companies, many large companies which have the most potential actually to do good on a wider scale. We have antiquated processes. We're still struggling the same problems, you know, for decades, right? I talked about SME financing. I talked about the healthcare, et cetera. There's never enough doctors, right? But since there's people and there's a profession called doctors, there's never been enough doctors. And yet how do you actually bring that? And so we were a sense of crisis of what all these disruption could do to us, right? And you can see this intermediation. I think retail industry was one of the first ones that was being disrupted. And you know, could it also happen to us? And if we should embrace it to do it, right? One of the early projects I did when I was a young business analyst in McKinsey kind of really shaped me because I joined at that time in the States right after the dot-com boom, right?  They were really disrupted by at that time a lot of mobiles that was coming out.  And I remember as a young analyst, I was responsible for, I still remember 230 art people that I have to analyze and decide who stays, who goes, right? And it was a terrible experience. I never ever wanted to do that ever again. And I think it comes, but I did have one realization, which is that people will only do well if the company does well. The company will only do well if the sector does well, right? The market, we are all symbiotic in some sense. If we come to a point whereby we have to decide, you know, whether a person goes or not go, I think, you know, it becomes that basically they've been, that organization has been asleep for at least 10 years, right? And so I think they're, you know, we have to constantly think about reinventing ourselves, right, to constantly do better and better because everybody else is doing better. I mean, you have to, it's about value creationist. I think that creates a sense of purpose, right? Challenging ourselves whether we can always do better and into a question, you know, financial services are actually intermediaries, right? So it's exchange, actually. We are both in the business of intermediating in a role whereby, you know, created over 100 years ago, right? There's not about information and therefore you have these brokers and stuff. Financial services are no different, right?  We completely decentralize. We're irrelevant in some sense, right? And I think that spurs us to think, of course, there's not going to happen immediately because it still took hundreds of years to build certain trust and stuff, right? If you look at what's happening in the PDP industry, et cetera, there is still some specialization involved. But I think we need to, like Charles, we feel a strong thing that we start to create these in-between platforms, right? Platforms that can connect the end participants much more, right, so that they can share information much better, us providing more value-added services and those specializations on how to interpret the data. Because data is just, I'm a scientist by training, it's just raw stuff, right? How you interpret the same information is different, right? And I think what we can do is to take our years, decades of experience in there and take that raw information to process and to kind of value-added in the financial services and these will be risk-rating, right? A little bit higher than that. And then make the information better so that, you know, you can connect to it. And I see this as maybe an intermediate solution to bridge the two different worlds of completely decentralized and one that was a much more per-middle what Charles was saying. So I think that's kind of how we'll see this. But coming back, you know, because we have a few minutes left, I was just intrigued and I wanted to ask Charles as given his very interesting two degrees that he saw.  Right, you know, and how technology as we talked about transform businesses, but also about people. I was shocked by some of the things that people said about 47%, I think of the U.S. kind of being on contract, right? New graduates being on contract staff, right? And we talked about youth unemployment stuff and this reskilling. I mean, what's your view on what it takes then on the workforce, the people, knowing kind of this is where our economy and industry is going, right? And any views on that? I think you speak, that question, ultimately is an issue about leadership and communication. And I think, you know, coming back to the central theme of today is leadership. The leadership, the key is to trying to make, find a simple way to explain things so that people actually at least buy into the vision, understand what you're talking about here. Because it's very easy to be driven by your, kind of our own sense of righteousness. Going back to the example of the Chinese system, which is a flat system, which is in China today, if a stock goes up 30%, the regulator there can instantaneously tell who is trading that stock, is able to immediately block that trade and freeze the accounts because everything is a pre-ID system, a hundred million ID. Vis-a-vis the U.S. and the Western market, which is a pyramid.  I don't really know. I only know Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley, and JP Morgan, everybody's trading. Could be one guy who opened 20 account trading. It take a while for us to find out. With that two system, everybody's arguing which one is better. If you, the Chinese are saying, we want to open, but you need to change the way you need to, you know, really follow our system. The internationalism, we want to go into China, but we really can't take your system because it's so different. So with that kind of a differences, how to explain to people the difference? I think, you know, so that people understand that there are ways to appreciate the strengths of the other market. So for example, you know, you tend to say, oh, China market is very flat, very nice, very easy to regulate, but on the other hand, there's no life in there anymore. It's all small fish with steel water, very clean, but there's no nutrition in the water. Here they're saying, oh, you are very good, but you're muddy and big catfish down there. You don't know what's going on down there. So how to find a way? You know, in some ways, China market is very efficient regulatorily, but in other ways, risk management, I think we have issues. It's almost, you can think of China's market, you know, in the US market, in European market, it's almost like if you've been to New York City, on the New Year's Eve, the big Apple jobs, the 300,000 people down there celebrating every year. They're all drunk most of the time, you know, by one o'clock. There is never any stampede. Everything is pretty safe. Why? Because they do its circles. Every police put the circles, only 300 people in there, and then another circle, another circle, another circle. That's like a Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley and Marilyn Lynch financial system. In China, a million people are dancing in Tiananmen Square, and everybody's fine, everybody can go through the order, but if somebody say something on the west side of the square is very interesting, let's go there, and somebody fell, you could have a very serious stampede, like what happened in 2015. So two system, very different, we need to find a way to make them work with each other. And Hong Kong is a small place, but we want to play a big role, and we're in the connect. Thank you. Thank you very much, both of you, for your insights.  Welcome back any time. Thank you very much. Thank you. We have to clear the room for the next session, and I think you... That was a lot of fun. Perfect, perfect. Thank you.


going on, everyone. Sam here with late in sports cards, ripping 21-22, Pineda Prism basketball hobby, three box break, number 25, random team stylers. Look again at your random results. As always, you can find these on the website, under the results tab, as well as the link in chat. Good luck here, everybody. Let's do it.  So keep an eye out for mixers and more of these three boxers. I know we have a couple listed up for the next few days. Let's pull some fire. Santiago Dama, Keon Johnson, Blue, Rashawn Holmes for the Kings, 2199. Bradley Beal, Pace. We haven't had this for a minute, have we? We've had a case that we've been using in 10 box Tuesdays, or a high-end basketball mixer. But we haven't done a full-on group break of this in months. There's Prismatic of Lamello. We've got, first thought it was going to be Rookie going to the Pacers. Isaiah Jackson, Sensational Signatures. Silver, Isaiah Jackson. So it used to us doing the fast break, or not fast breaks, but in choice. In choice, yeah, oh my god. We've had so much choice. But it's fun. I like doing choice. It's easy. That is Silver, Jeremy Grant. Silver Mindsets, Kevin Durant. Second Auto is going to be Jaden Springer. That is base Rookie Auto going to the 76ers. I would say Prism is trying to be around. Like a grand, I would say, probably. Would be my guess right now. Maybe like 900? 900, I think, yeah. Well, I'm assuming 30, dude. I don't know. Oh, you mean for the next Prism? 1700, I think, is what they're starting at. Oh, really? I think so. I don't know if it's Dutch auction or not. I don't know what that means. That is Josh Christopher. Red Wave, nice one there. I forgot what that talks about. That's D'Neo Gallinari. That is Prism. Or no, not Hyper. Hyper, excuse me. Basically that's like, they'll put it on the Panini's website and it'll start out at a price. And you can either, like, it'll start out like, say, 2000. You can either buy it for 2000 or wait for it to go down. And you keep waiting for it to go down further and further, but eventually it could sell out. You could essentially get it for, like, 12, 1300, but there's no guarantee if more people buy it at a higher price, yeah. So they'll do that with a lot of their newer stuff. Vigarza, Silver Embiid. Red, Kessler Edwards to 2.99 for the Nets. Nice one there. Base. I wish I would have ripped stuff before this pandemic. Yeah, dude. Same here. Silver or Royce O'Neill. Silver mindset, Jason Tatum. I miss when I could walk into a target and get for $20, 2018, 19 prison basketball and chase all the Lucas silvers I wanted to. I wish I knew what that felt like. Yeah, that was pretty cool. Pretty cool. Yeah. What do you mean, Jess? Like, in terms of, like, starting a business, just make good connections with people. Red Wave is Julius Randall. Keemalajewan on the hyper. Make good connections. Be sincere. Don't be here. Don't be fake. Yeah, definitely don't do that. Do not be fake. That's probably the most annoying thing. Yeah, that's awful. That's in any business, though. Right, exactly. Pulsar, Brandon Clark, one of these per box for the Grids. Purple, Dwight for the Lakers. That's awesome. 75 out of 99. Taiwan Basketball League legend or Thailand basketball. Forget which, where exactly he does play. Yeah, no problem. There's Evan Mobley. Silver or Sheet Wallace. Tracy McGrady. Hyper. Shengyun. Silver Mills. Red, Ty Jerome. 2, 299 for the Thunder. Jalen Johnson. Red Wave. Hamadou Diallo. Orange Wave is Kendrick Nunn. For the Lakers, the 60. It's 28 out of 60. Sub-SC. Silver, Dowan O'Banton. Nice one there for the Raptors. Hyper, Kelly Ubre. Base, base, base, and more base. Box number two. Silver or Jermaine O'Neill. Racers. Hyper is Duncan Robinson for the Heat. Nice one there. Silver, Kai Jones. Disco, not Disco. Hyper is, I say, a Todd Rookie for the Wizards. fireworks Luca. Base, Kailari. Kailar. Nolan Smith was even on the top five head dressers. Really? Cassinon. Wow. Makes sense. Red, Brandon Ingram for the Pelicans. 2, 299. New Orleans. Base, base, base. He might have had injury concerns. Oh, maybe. I feel like someone was talking about how he was kind of like the Kobe Dean. That is a Evan Mobley. Thanks for following their AJ. What's happening? He had injuries. Damien Lillard. That is 2, 299. Dude, this is actually really funny. Nice one there for the Trail Blazers. We've got going to the Spurs, Tony Parker. I'm the Silver Auto. Nice one there, Spurs. That's going to Eric R on the combo spot. That's ironic. Yeah, there's two autos in every box. Probably not AJ. Probably not in 2022, 2023 anymore. And then especially when other stuff starts coming out, then the value of collegiate will drop. Base, silver. There's a silver Dane. We've got autos. Jeremiah Robinson Earl. Nice one there on the base. That's going to the Thunder. Base. Denied. Don't envision a collegiate card. A collegiate basketball card hitting that high ever. Silver. Jalen Brown. Fireworks. Silver. Ja. charismatic deer and fox. Base. Shroud's definitely got a Url. Yeah, Shroud's got a cannon, dude. Shroud's got an absolute cannon. Jalen Green base rookie. The Rockets. Red Wave. Mote Bomba. Magic. Paul Pierce on the hyper. Fireworks and bead. Base. Carmelone Red Wave. RJ Hampton on the hyper. This is quarterbacks now? Hey, Richard. He's through some bombs today. Some absolute bombs today. Yeah, I don't know. Levis did. Because that's an interesting one right there. Silver. Ja. You've got blue ice. Kyle Lowry for the heat. That is 101 out of 125. Think so, Vaughn? I can see that argument. The only thing that everybody's got an issue with, which Young is his size. Oh, Mojo. Come on, baby. Give us a big Mojo. Scotty Lewis. We've got Silver. Kelly Olenek. Mojo to 25. Tyrese Maxey on the second year. Nice one there. It's going to be one of 25. Nice one there, Philly. Grat 76ers. Mindset Russ. The only thing about the shorter quarterbacks is I always think of, okay, yeah, Drew Brees is like 5'10". Yeah, Russ. Russ is pretty short. Murray, obviously. Yeah. You can be short and be good. There's Robin Lopez for the magic on the pulsar. Blue is Hamadou Diallo for the pistons. 70 out of 199. Whatever. I'm going to check Diallo. I'm going to just check Diallo. What's up? Chef Diallo. Hamadou Diallo's older brother. Yeah. Red Wave is Marcus Howard. Whoa, whoa, whoa. Purple Ice Lonzo, I think that's 299. No, it's a 149. 128 out of 149 for the bolts. Base, base, base, and base. Yeah, but Vaughn, he went through Ohio State. Also true. That's kind of a red flag to be 100% honest. For the quarterback. All right, last box here, guys. You got a really good arm on you. Where do you go to college? I want to say, oh. Never mind. I think we, you know what? The QB spot just got dulled, sorry. Really? You think so, Tex? Kid, base, rookie. I don't understand how one can be better than the other. It's the same design. I say it's Josh Giddy Silver. Nice one there. Different coloring and stuff, though. Surgey Baca Lebron. My only issue with prison basketball is just no case hits. Yeah, that's true. That's true, Tex. Where's the longer? Yeah. I'd love to see prison basketball get a case hit at some point. Katelyn Suggs rookie. Silver Isaiah Livers rookie. Malachi Flynn on the hyper. Yeah, roster size, that makes sense. Yeah, that helps it a little bit. I mean, you could say that with any product. True. Definitely. Guy Jones, JT Thor. Red is Daniel Tice for the Rockets. It's a $299, 52 of $299. Randall and base. Sure teams love to see him doing backflips. Sure teams are like, yep, there's our guy. He surely won't do that when he's celebrating a touchdown. There's James Wiseman in the $199 second year. No, he's put in his contract. He cannot be backfliped. Silver, sensational signatures, quick and grinds. Nice one there, going to the Knicks. So I think we're down to just two breaks with spots left. No, just one break with spots left. Just 11 to go on the third. Phoenix, hobby, Phoenix and impeccable mixer. Is that drinking chamber random? Random. I think we have all randoms today. Silver, Dennis Shrew. Lamello on the disco. It's up, CJ. And Jared Butler, rookie auto, going to the Jazz. That's one there, Utah. Just got picked up, I believe. We'll have to be really irresponsible here. Oh boy. Oh boy. Oh gosh. Here's the word. Silver, Dylan Wright. Silver, prismatic, Ben Simmons. Kauai on the mindset. It's a two box of Phoenix, one impeccable mixer. Two Phoenix, one impeccable. Say it or tell me not to do it. I would say not to do it. If you're saying that it's irresponsible, I would advise you not to. Jada McDaniels. D'Angelo Russell on the prism. I mean, I'd be okay. No, I know. You probably swear not to do it. But I mean, if there is a mixer to get in tonight, I would say it'd be that one, to be honest.  Desire Williams. There's a red wave, it's wing ZZ for the maps. Hyper Isaiah Jackson. Bill Donnie, what is notable of Jericho Sims? Notable Dunk participants and Honeydip fan of the Honeydip. Who said this? CJ. CJ, how dare you, sir? Notable Dunk Contest participants and fan of the Honeydip, Jericho Sims.  Wow, blue ice, Scotty Barnes. Let's go. 22 of 125. There we go, Raptors. We've got Toronto. He yells so loud the bass stuff. I know, right? Go to Ben H. There you go, Ben. We'll get that mag for you, buddy. Big time, Scotty. Scotty Barnes. The hand of this bass stack. Before it falls over again. Had a cool garden, you ruined it. I don't care. I did not ruin it. You ruined it, if anything. Okay, Sean. There you go. There you go. Favorite rookie this year?  Franz Wagner. Silver Malachi Flynn. Red Ice. Blue Ice, Michael Porter Jr. 125 for the Nuggets. But I think the most fun to watch has been Palo, I think, for sure. I think Jabari Smith has turned it up a little bit. I think Keegan Murray has been fun. Andrew Nemhard has been really good. Both of the Pacers, Benedict Matherin has been really solid as well. Eggs Benedict, Cumberbatch Matherin. There's Usman Garuba on the Pulsar 1 for Box. We've got Orange Wave, Darren Fox. Nice one there for the Kings, 30 of 60. Royce O'Neill. Royce Royce. Royce Royce. Austin Reeves Rookie. Josh Giddy, base rookie. Red Wave, Tyrese Halliburton. Purple Ice, Andre Drummond for the Sixers. That's 27 out of 149. Soon to be a two-seed Kings, exactly. Space. I'll do a quick recap of our autos and big stuff here. We've got A, Jared Butler. Quentin Grimes, Jeremiah Robinson-Arrow. Tony Parker, Hayden Springer, Isaiah Jackson, and Blue Ice, Scotty Barnes for the Raptors. That'll do it for the break, guys. Thanks again for the fill. Next up, we've got one more basketball break.


Consider a cheater attachment for the spout from the previous problem, where the outlet diameter is increased slowly by 5 degrees over 10 centimeters. Determine the flow rate of water out of the spout. So the question here is, as a result of this attachment, are we able to affect the flow rate? And better yet, can we actually increase it? And the answer is yes we can. That is the whole goal of this type of attachment. That's why it's called a cheater attachment. We are able to pull more water out of the reservoir than we would normally be allowed. The primary difference that is the reason that we are able to do this is because we are pushing back where atmospheric pressure is. As a result of the expansion before atmospheric pressure, we are allowing the velocity at state 2 now to be higher than it would have been otherwise. So we are able to push the water faster. And to explore that, we can set up a conservation of energy. So just like in the previous problem, I'm going to be assuming that I have atmospheric pressure on either end. Since I'm now analyzing from state 1 to state 3, I'm going to change all these 2s to 3s. So z1 minus z3 is still the 1.5 meters from the previous problem because I have a horizontal relationship between states 2 and 3. My velocity at state 3 is now going to be the thing that we calculate. With the wider diameter of the cheater pipe, we can figure out what that volumetric flow rate is or we can use that to figure out what the velocity is at state 2. I account for minor losses. Here I have two types of minor losses. Note that when I'm talking about the coefficient of loss for the entrance, I'm using v2. When I'm using the coefficient of the expansion process, I'm using v3. So when I plug those into my conservation of energy relationship, I end up with z1 minus z3. I'm still going to be assuming turbulent flow.  And just like before, I don't really care about the velocity. What I care about is the volumetric flow rate. And the volumetric flow rate can be written as pi over 4 times the diameter at either diameter because it has to be the same volumetric flow rate. The reason it has to be the same volumetric flow rate is because I have steady-state operation of incompressible flow. Steady-state implies that m dot 2 equals m dot 3. And when I write m dot 2 is equal to density times volumetric flow rate at state 2 and m dot 3 as density at state 3 times the volumetric flow rate at state 3. If the densities are the same, that means the volumetric flow rate has to be the same. So in place of v2, I can write 4 times the volumetric flow rate divided by pi times d2 squared. And in place of v3, I can write 4 times the volumetric flow rate divided by pi times d3 squared. And at that point, I now have z1 minus z3 is equal to 4 squared times the volumetric flow rate squared divided by pi times diameter at state 3 squared.  Then I can factor out 4 squared volumetric flow rate squared pi squared and 2 times gravity squared of 1 over d3 squared plus the entrance loss coefficient divided by 2 squared d2 to the fourth power, excuse me plus the expansion loss coefficient divided by d3 to the fourth power. Then the volumetric flow rate would be pi squared times 2 times gravity divided by 4 squared times z1 minus z3 times 1 over d3 to the fourth power plus the entrance loss coefficient divided by d2 to the fourth power plus the expansion loss coefficient divided by d3 to the fourth power. And if all of those diameters are in centimeters then I will make a conversion at the end from centimeters to the fourth power to meters to the fourth power just to double-check that everything still cancels and then I'm going to take that entire quantity and put it into a square root so what I get out is the volumetric flow rate. I know gravity. I know pi. I know z1 minus z3. I know d2. So in order to be able to calculate the volumetric flow rate I have to look up the loss coefficients for the entrance the loss coefficient for the expansion process and I have to calculate what the diameter at state 3 will be. For the entrance we're going to use the same loss coefficient from the previous problem. That loss coefficient is just going to be a quarter of the way between 0 and 0.2 so we're going to use 0.05 again. For the expansion process we're going to have to look through section 6.9 to find where it allows for expansion processes and I see that the relevant figure is figure 6.23. So on figure 6.23 I need to locate the line that corresponds to my proportion of diameters and then look at the cone angle. So I was told 5 degrees of expansion on either side and remember that the cone angle here is actually 2 times theta which means that my cone angle itself is going to be 5 degrees and then for diameter at state 3 squared I'm going to have to figure out how much expansion there is. So D3 is going to equal D2 times, excuse me, plus 2 times this height which I'm calling H and I can write the tangent of 5 degrees is H over 10 centimeters which means H is equal to tangent of 5 degrees times 10 centimeters which means D3 is equal to D2 plus 2 times tangent of 5 degrees times 10 centimeters.  That is going to be fraught with the possibility of confusing degrees with radians. So 2.5 centimeters plus 2 times 10 centimeters times the tangent function of 5 degrees. So my diameter at state 3 is going to be 4.25 and then before I leave this I also have to calculate the proportion of diameters because I need that for figure 6.23. So that proportion of D2 over D3 is going to be 2.5 divided by 4.25 which calculator surely you will definitely get right the first time. You can do it. I believe in your calculator 2.5 divided by and I get 0.588. So 0.588 is going to be 88% of the way between this line and this line. So again, I'm going to call that like here ish and then I'm looking at a cone angle 2 times theta which means that my cone angle on this graph is actually going to be 10 degrees. So 10 degrees and 80% of the way. I'm going to call that like here which means that I'm looking at what do you think 0.17 0.175 maybe let's call that 0.175. I'll make the math a little bit neater. Now we have the diameter at state 3 is 4.25 centimeters. We can factor that out if we wanted to but let's just arbitrarily choose to not do that. Now I can plug everything in and then I should be getting meter squared per second squared. So this is on the wrong side. Not sure how that algebra was supposed to have worked out. Let's try that again. And we divide by 1 over 4.25 centimeters squared squared to the fourth power plus 0.05 divided by 2.5 to the fourth power times centimeters to the fourth power plus 0.175 divided by 4.25 to the fourth power centimeters to the fourth power we need that to be in 100 centimeters to the fourth power divided by 1 meter to the fourth power and then that entire thing to the square root. Okay, so I start off with 2 times 2 times calculator. 2 times pi squared times 9.81 times 1.5 divided by 4 squared 100 to the fourth power times 1 over 4.25 squared excuse me to the fourth power times 0.05 occurs to me that you guys can't see that well just imagine me typing it to and then back spacing and typing a four whole bunch of times 0.05 divided by 2.5 to the fourth power and then I supposed to be a plus sign 0.0 excuse me 175 divided by 4.25 to the fourth power and then about a thousand closing parentheses so before I take the square root I have 0.00037 let me double check that that all looks right or 25 to the fourth power 2.5 to the fourth power 4.5 to the fourth power entrance loss of 0.05 pension losses 0.175 we have the potential energy terms on the same side in the numerator which is good yet that looks right okay so then I'll wrap that entire thing in a square root at the end to get it into cubic meters per second so we're going to volumetric flow rate of 0.004 excuse me 006 098 cubic meters per second or about 0.0061 then because I have a bigger volumetric flow rate than the previous problem through the same diameter that means that I'm still must have a turbulent flow so my assumption is still reasonable interesting how the addition of that attachment multiplied our volumetric flow rate by what two and a half times I mean I have a calculator I can figure that out by 0.0026 yeah about 2.35 times we have a minor attachment to our Roman style reservoir and we are increasing our volumetric flow rate by 200% not too shabby hope the centurions don't find out that I'm stealing water from the emperor


Thank you What is it about the music we make that makes get the music of yesterday today and forever Maybe that today is a result of the yesterday spent in wooden churches Singing the praises of our maker and joyous harmony and love And part of it has to be the songs we sang Working under the blazing sun to help pass the hard times Yesterday was also a Bessie Smith Satchmo, New Orleans, and gospel choirs, slavery, and folk songs Bojangles, Ethel Waters What about those rent parties?


Welcome to DataDoctor's video, Tag Your It, all about reference tags. This index lists beginning times of each segment, so you can fast forward to any of particular interests. A tag is a keyword or term assigned to a piece of information. This keyword is set between the less than and greater than signs, also known as angled brackets. It prescribes the arrangement of photos, text, etc. The tag used most in WikiTree is the reference tag. It has two parts. The first part is called an inline citation, because it's used in lines of text and the profiles by our Griffey section. It is used in pairs. The open ref tag looks like this, and the closed ref tag is the same, except with the forward slash just before the keyword. That forward slash means end of code. One tag without the other doesn't work. With only an open ref tag, no text is seen after it in a profile's public view. With only a closed ref tag, the tag is seen and no references are listed in the source section. Be aware that the source used for the inline citation needs to be nine characters or more in order to create a valid reference, otherwise it is considered to be an almost empty reference. The second part, called the references tag, goes just underneath the sources heading and is used only once in a profile. It looks like this. Note the forward slash is now at the end of the keyword, with the space between them. That indicates that the tag has ended. Inline citations can be used for one source cited multiple times. This is done by naming the reference, in this case navy. Add the citation and then the end ref tag. Every time this citation is used, copy the named reference, but with a forward slash at the end of the name. The public profile looks like this. The citation is only shown once in the source section, but with superscript numbers identifying each time it is used in the biography. When inline citations are used, the source should not be copied below the source heading, as it will then appear twice and lead to a messy profile. The concept is simple. Inline citations come in pairs, open and closed tags. They could be used for multiple source citations by naming them. Any further times the source is cited, copy the named tag and close it with a forward slash. The references tag is only used once and always goes just below the source's heading.


36 We were up and off before the sun rose, our party being increased by Sultan Salaam, brother to the Fadli Sultan, he was twenty and though not dark in color, has woolly hair. He and the soldiers and the wazir, Abdullah bin Abdurrahman, rode at some distance to our left between us and the dangerous Yafai Towers, the Qadam, or Qadam range, which separates the Wadi Yeramees from the Abiyan, is a mass of arid peaks, none reaching to more than two thousand feet. A road leads from Al-Mahaa across the mountains to the sea at Asala. We reach Karyat el-Mahsuf, about ten, the valleys getting narrower and more woody and grassy as we approached. There is an ancient fort on the hill, six hundred fifty feet above the valley and about a thousand three hundred above the sea, with a glorious view over the Qadam range to the sea. There is another ruin of a round fort on the left of the valley. We went on a mile to a delightful place, where there were trees, water, and reeds, and beautiful views through sandy glades to the mountain peaks and many cattle. We wished to remain there, but were told it was better to get onto Naa'ab, as there was a little danger. We quite understood that danger was a bogey to prevent us keeping them from a town, and we pointed out that the yafi were not likely to come down a light-colored mountain side with only a few tamarisks into a valley half a mile wide. So my husband firmly said we would stay on the clean sand. Here we saw many baboons. The first ruin is probably Persian, or later Arabian. The second one, which is a mile further up the Wadi Yaramis than the first, is evidently hemeritic and protected the first town after Bana on the way to the Hadraman. It is circular, crowning a hill 300 feet high and enclosing a space of 50 yards in diameter. On the northeast side it is protected by five square towers and has one gate to the south. It was the acropolis of a large town, lying in all directions, but chiefly to the northeast. It has evidently been a place of considerable strength as the Wadi Yaramis is only half a mile wide here. There is a regular stream of water in a narrow channel and the whole valley is green and fertile. Before we entered this narrow part of the valley it was curious to see below the peaked mountains a flat-topped effusion of basalt called Borum, advanced forward. We made a very early start next morning and gradually got into a thick, low wood, but where the Wadi Yaramis widened out there were only tamarisks. Our ascent was rapid and after about an hour we turned due east, this part being very bare-looking. Though there were a good many horrid acacias and also euphorbias with rounded trunks, we soon burst upon a lovely plain all mapped out in fields and arbors. It is six miles to Naab and we took three hours. We passed through full two miles of this fertility with three or four villages, Sawat, Nogat, Arawa, and Old Naab with mosque, minar and a fine old house all tumbling into ruins. Wadi Yaramis is much opened out here and the lower part is bounded by the basalt and walls about 200 feet high, sometimes with mounds within them again and helix of the same formation as the high mountains. This cultivated paradise is the property of Sultan Hamat bin Salam, brother to the Sultan Salah of the coast, and may be said to be the pick of his whole dominions. Arawa, or new Naab, has twenty-four shops and the Sultan gets half a real, or merry Teresa dollar, on all merchandise, camels going up to the Balad Yafai. There were many bales of merchandise in a sort of custom house when we arrived at this great center of inland traffic. We encamped on the opposite side of the wadi from the town of Arawa, which is perched on a raised plateau of earth banks. When we halted and had climbed up, there was a line of people waiting to salute us. We and Sultan Salam walked in front, our eleven men with guns walked behind singing a mergahazi, or salutation song of which I have a copy. We halted again and they fired ten salutes, then we advanced again. Sultan Salam Leading When twenty of the local Sultan's soldiers came forward and kissed his hand and shook ours, then there was a refreshment of five or six cups of coffee and ginger, very weak, on the floor in a tower. There was milk in the first cups, but it became exhausted. We never saw the Sultan all the time we were there, for they said he had a wound in his leg. The earthen cliffs are about thirty feet high and we had to go a very roundabout way to get up them by very narrow gullies. My husband went up a hill, your odd. Just behind Na'ab, with an old Arab fort on it above the Yiramees, which ends here, then begins wadi Raban, with a clear course northeast for three miles, then north and then a long stretch east again. There was a lovely view over the Yafai Mountains on the north and Ghadam Range on the south. A bedou, Abdallah, who went with him, told him all the names. Though he could understand when the Bedouin talked to him, he could not understand two talking together. Abdallah said he had been a soldier in the Sultan's service, but when my husband asked how long he answered four, five, six years, I never had it written down. The Bedou gave my husband some food called Kaharo, roast millet seeds put in a mug with boiled milk, not at all bad. The Sultan, Salam bin Salas, old abandoned castle, had some nice decoration about it. They left it because there were so many genie, i.e. ghosts in it. Our informant had not seen them, but only heard of them. March the 12th my husband went up what he thought was the highest mountain of the Ghadam Range. Minzoko, just behind Na'ab, and made it 2,000 feet, but considered when he got to the top that its neighbor, Haida Na'ab, was 30 or 40 feet higher. The Tariq Minzoko goes between them. The Sultan sent to our camp some bowls of food, soup, and a fowl cut up and cooked in gravy, very rich with oil and onions. It would have been good but for the stuffy bitter taste of myrrh, which they like so much to put in their food. He also sent us red cakes of millet bread, a poet of Na'ab, made a murg hazi on us during our stay about our treatment by the Yafai Sultan, how he had demanded money of us and how he had bidden us return to Aden. This was thought so excellent by everybody that my husband was forced to take a copy of it from Dictation, and Sultan Salam took a copy back to Shukra. Our party was now increased by another Prince, Sultan Haidar, son of the Sultan of Na'ab. A person delightful to contemplate, he was got up in Badau style. His hair, fluffy and long, was tied behind by a fillet, and stuck out in a bush behind. He had a curious countenance and very weak eyes. He was wrapped in a couple of large blue cotton cloths with very long fringes, half a yard at least. The cotton is plastered with indigo even beyond the dye, and when calendered, as the clothes are when new, bling purple and red, the richer you are, the bluer you are, and Sultan Haidar was very blue indeed. The curious thing about these blue people is that, as the prominent parts of the face and body are the darkest, there is an odd inside-out effect. While in Na'ab, we had our usual number of patients, but the one we were most interested in was a woman who had a dreadfully sore foot. The foot was very much swollen, and there was a sore on her instep and ankle in which one could nearly put one's fist. This had never been washed, though it had been going on for some years, and it had a dressing composed of half a pound or so of dates stuffed into it.  My husband set off at once half a mile back to camp to fetch the necessary relief, and I waited, sitting on a cloak that someone rolled up on the floor, for there was not even a carpet to sit on. I was afraid of various insects, but I could not rudely stand, and I should have had to stand at good time, as my husband had a mile to walk. When he returned, he syringed the sore with Condi's fluid, and I cleaned it with bits of wadding, and the woman with her nails, in a way that made me shudder, but she did not seem to hurt herself. Then we put on zinc ointment. She drew her bedding from under her foot so that the water streamed through the bed to the floor, which was earthen, and below the level of the door.  We went daily to attend to this foot, and at last, if not much better, it was improved by becoming thoroughly clean, foot, leg, and all, and its poor owner was cheered and looked much brighter herself. We left her all the zinc ointment we had remaining to use first, a milk tinful of ointment composed by me from pure lanolin, vaseline, and zinc powder to go on with, and some grease-proof paper to spread it on. A lot of tabloids of permanganate of potash and directions to pour it from a water vessel very clean. Before the family would undertake to receive these final instructions, we had to wait while some elderly persons were fetched, reputed wise acres, evidently. And it was like teaching a class, the poor things with such earnest faces were determined to make very sure they all thoroughly understood what to do. An old man took each thing and handed it to the husband, telling him how to use it, and we all consulted as to the best niches in the roof in which to stow the things safely. They at least long for us to stay, and we felt sorry to go. One feels so helpless, face to face, with such misery. I do hope she got well. The first day we visited this house, a great crowd came after us, but they were turned out with sticks and fastened out in a very ingenious way. Most of the houses were surrounded by a fence of prickly brushwood in which is an entrance three or four feet wide outside this stands on its head with its root in the air, a bush. The root has a rope of twisted palm leaf attached to it. You enter and pull the rope. The bush stands on its side then and blocks up the entrance. The rope is secured inside to a bar which is fixed across the threshold and no one can pass this strange and thorny gate. The bush is, of course, wider than the gateway. Certainly Arabians are not all that one expect. I never can believe that Mohammedans in general can consider dogs so very unclean when they have so many about them. And one tribe in the Saudan is called keleb, dogs. We used to hear also that they all shaved their heads leaving one lock only for Mohammed to draw them up into heaven. They do all kinds of things to their hair and the only people I ever saw with one lock were the Yorks in Asia Minor and I think it was only a fashion. Some people think that all the rude efforts of aborigines and uncultivated tribes are inspired by true or wisdom then are the results of science and civilization and amongst other things turbines are pointed out to us as an instance of the good sense of people in hot climates who know how necessary it is to protect their heads from sun. If so, why do some cover their heads with turbans and some not? And why do those who wear turbans take them off to cool their heads in the sun and some accidentally leave a bit of head exposed when they put the turbine on without ever finding it out? Some never covered the middle of the head at all but only won the turbine round. My theory, which may be wrong, is that it is really worn for ornament as a diadem in the original sense of the word just tied round the head as a mark of dignity. Once or twice, our camp being on the far side of the valley from the town, we managed to give the slip to the spearmen who otherwise would have accompanied us and sneaked up a very narrow little wadi where we found a good many flowers and enjoyed this very much. Wild beasts live in holes in these hills and on the extreme top of the mountain my husband ascended was found a big goat that had been killed in the wadi the night before. A little hairy animal called Uabri was brought to our camp. When we left Na'ab we turned into the wadi Reban to Sharia, three hours and ten minutes, seven geographical miles, four northeast and three north and ascended 350 feet. Wadi Reban is a quarter of a mile wide near Na'ab but after two miles opens out and there are gardens and now and again running water appears and plenty of trees. At the fourth mile near Afort we turned sharply to the north past Jabel Rea where Wadi Rea comes in and then reached a wide open space where Wadi Saleb joins in. Jabel Sha'as was beyond us very high and Wadi Gahiyuda to the right. This large open space is girt with mountains 500 to 5000 feet high and is a great junction for the waters from Wadi Reban, Saleb, and Gahiyuda. It was once exceedingly populous. There are here no less than four old villages called Sharia. Two considerable towns were perched on the rocks forming gates to the Wadi Saleb and two others at a great elevation on the opposite side. The cause of the decrease in population in Arabia must be the constant inter-tribal warfare and the gradual filling up of the valleys with sand, great backs of sand 20 feet high line the riverbeds and wash away with the heavy rains which contribute to the silting up. This country must have been very fertile to have supported the population for the four towns must have been large. The stone buildings along would make any one of the four larger than most towns in Arabia today and there must have been the usual hut population. We had a very pleasant camp among trees and had a steep scramble to the ruins. An enthusiastic geologist would have enjoyed our next day's journey immensely. We went through such a strange weird volcanic valley not a Wadi but a Shiaeb narrower and shallower. The road is called Tariq Asauda. The strata of the rocks are heaped up at a very steep angle and we had to ride along smooth rocks sometimes without any trace of a road at all among the stones. Sometimes we had to make very great windings amongst heaps and helix of all sorts of different colored earths. Hardly a green thing was to be seen and altogether the whole place looked dreary and desolate. But we were much interested in this day's journey among the great scarred and seen volcanic mountains. We ascended 650 feet, very difficult indeed, traveling about seven miles in four hours. The steepest part is called Aqaba Asauda. We reached the headboarder of the Wadi Gehiyuda at the top of the Aqaba, 2,000 feet from sea level. Na'ab is 1,000 feet above sea level. Thence Tushiriya is 350 and thence to Gehiyuda 650. We passed Dogotar and Mhider, mere names. We encamped on a waste of stones. No tent pegs could be used and it was windy and cold. There are gazelle in this part and we had some for dinner. Now was our time to send Bamosaban to the camp of the sultans, three very gay blankets for them and Abdullah Ben Abdu-Rahman. The long name of the Wasir's father had constantly to be on our lips, on account of his dignity. For they are like the Russians in that respect, common people's fathers are not mentioned. The name was marvelously shortened to Medaraman. We were thought to be in danger that night and did not make a very early start as we had to load up with water. And we too climbed down 350 feet into the wadi Gehiyuda that I might take photographs. It was so pretty with pools of water and creepers hanging on the trees. The sultans, meanwhile, sat up in their beds of leaves wrapped in their blankets. How absurd it seems that two princes and a prime minister should have to sleep out because two English choose to travel in their country. Not a word of thanks did we ever get for those blankets, but they were evidently much appreciated, for their recipients sat on their camels wrapped overhead and ears in them in the blazing sun. We join the camels on the way, and after two hours of stones, ascended the very steep Aqaba Beva. The view from the hills above, about 2500 feet, is splendid. All the Yafa'i mountains and the guddam range ending at Haida Naaab and giving place to the higher mountains of Raqab and Gehiuda. We descended, but not much, into the lovely wadi Hadda, full of trees smothered with a kind of vine, with thick, glossy, India rubber-like leaves. Then we went on straight up Aqaba Hadda to the huge plain of Mishal, full of villages, but ill-supplied with water. There are only some very bad wells for the cattle, and they have to fetch drinking water from afar. From Renab and Lammas, we engaged a Bedou's camel to keep us supplied while resting our own. The plain is 2700 feet above the sea. The sheikh's name is Muhammad bin Nasr Naka'i. This is the first time we heard this pronunciation of the prophet's name. He was determined to give us a grand reception. Sheikh Sale had gone forward to announce us from Gehiuda, and he came to meet us on his pony, down both Aqabahs, a fearful journey. We always liked Sheikh Sale very much. He was the sheikh of Tirqeg. His hair and his shaggy chest were not white, but a lovely sky blue. In that part of the world, old people's hair is not dyed red with henna, as it is in other parts of Arabia and Asia Minor and in Persia, so the effect of the indigo can be seen. From a distance, we could see the preparations. There was a long line on the sandy plain of between 2 and 300 bedwing, naked, save for blue scarf round their waists, with dagger, powderhorn, etc. stuck in. Some had guns, match locks, and some had spears. They mostly had their long hair tied up and sticking out in a fuzz behind, as funny a long line of men as ever one saw. We dismounted nearly a quarter of a mile off, and all our party advanced hand in hand, 14 besides ourselves and Matthios. We being the only ones who did not know the words in which to chant our response to the welcoming shout. This they interpreted occasionally by the high gurgling sound they are so fond of, constantly coming out of the rank, one or other, and firing a gun and retiring. The blue-bearded Shakespeare galloped up and down in front of us, twirling his spear. We stopped 150 yards from them, and after much firing, the spearmen began to parade before us in a serpentine way, two and two, backwards and forwards, zigzag, and round and round the gunners, gradually getting nearer and nearer to us, and dragging the gunners after them, with a red flag, a sayid, and their sheikh, Mohammed bin Nas, between them. When they got quite close, they welcomed us, and we said, peace to them. They passed us so many times that we could see and notice them well.  The Lancers danced very prettily, having a man a little way in front of them, executing wild capers, and throwing up his spear and catching it, singing all the wild songs of welcome. We could not understand more than some illusions, which assured us they were composed for the occasion. After many gyrations, they retired to their former place, and then a herald came forward, and made a solemn address of welcome. Then our turn came, and we sent forth a line of men, with Sultan Haider in it, to sing and let off guns. When the two lines met, they shook hands and kissed, the sultans and sayids being kissed on the forehead, and the upper part of the leg. When they returned to us, all our party joined hands to go to our camp. Now ready, a good distance off, all keeping step, in a kind of stilted, prancing way, singing. The spearmen in front danced with all manner of light and graceful antics, and we were nearly stifled with the dust, and the din was so appalling that we arrived quite dazed at our tents after this welcome, which had lasted fully an hour. We were the first white people who had been at Mishal. I tore my camera from its case, to take a photograph before the people left us, and it did better than I could have expected in such a crowd, with no sun and so much whirling dust. The town consists of a low square dar, and a collection of brushwood arbors, so slight that there is no pretension of concealing anything that goes on inside.  The princes ventured to leave us in charge of Abdullah bin Abdulrahman, and abode in the tower. Sultan Haida went home from here. The table land of Mishal is approached by three akibas, one Sauda to 2,000 feet, two Bever to 2,500 feet, three Hadda to 2,750 feet. The Nakai tribe lives here, and are in friendly terms with their neighbours, the Fathli, a sufficiently rare circumstance in this country. The Nakai chief can put 400 men in the field to help the Fathli. The Markeshi were at war with them. They live in the Qoddam range, and had been giving the sultan trouble lately. The road to Shukra, most frequented, is the Tarikal Arkob. Eastward goes the road to the Hadramut, over the plain. Northward is the mountainous country of the Aoudeli tribe, where they told us, quote, It is sometimes so cold that the rain is hard and quite white, and the water like stone, end quote. The plain is ten or fifteen miles long, by about four or five miles at its broadest. If irrigated, it would yield enormously. The well is of great depth, but the water very bad. My husband ascended a mountain about 3,000 feet high, but only 400 feet above the plain, with a most remarkable view of the Aoudeli mountains, about 20 miles away, towering up to a great height. Far higher than the Yafaa'i range, which Mr. Tate gives as 7,000 feet, these are probably 10,000 feet. The range must run for 30 or 40 miles from east to west, with few breaks and no peaks. We were not well the last day at Mishal. The Aoudeli women paint red lines under their eyes, and down their noses, and round their foreheads, with a kind of earth dye, which they call hissen. Sometimes there is a round spot on the forehead, and red triangles on the cheeks. One woman had her face literally dyed scarlet all over. She had a heavy necklace of beads, and carried the sheepskin coat, that she could not wear in the hot plain, rolled up and laid on her head. It is curious how dissatisfied dark people seem to be with the colour of their skins, so often trying to lighten it. The fairness of the English is in some places attributed to the soap they use. We took advantage of the curiosity of the Aoudeli, who had just arrived with a kafila, to make them stay in our camp and question them. The El-Khaor Mountains look most fascinating to see, only from a distance. They are inhabited by lawless tribes, owing allegiance to no man, and having no wholesome fear of the Wali of Aden, before their eyes, would murder any traveller who ventured among them. They are all Bedouin. The Aoudeli are a very large tribe, and say they have 4,000 men for war. The Markashi can put 500 or 600 in the field, and the Fazli 2,000. Lauda, the chief town of the Aoudeli, is much bigger than Shiba. There are many Arabs. The Sultan is Muhammad bin Saleh. It is 6 hours from Misal, 34 miles, and is situated below the mountains. Above it is El-Bathar, Sultan Saleh. Beled El-Meghaba, in the upper Yafi country, is under Sultan Haqam Muhammad bin Ali. Sabad El-Bayda al-Rasas, where there must be lead, is not under the Turks. El-Aoudeli lives there. Neither is Sahib Lauda under the Turks. The inhabitants are Awgari. This has a very soft guttural. The Arabic, Zeen. Our next stage was Bir Lammas, about 4 miles off, mostly across the monotonous plain. We passed 4 dars and villages. In time of war, the Fazli Sultan comes and occupies one of these dars. We met sheikhs walking with little battle axes on long poles, weapons in war, and in peace used for chopping wood, at all times emblems of their rank. The plain at length broke away, and we got into the narrow, and not very deep, wooded, Wadi El-Mimin. It has very precipitous sides of basalt, brown in colour, and making a very untidy attempt at being columnar. Bir Lammas is a great, and I must add, very dirty, halting place for caravans, going to Shukra, on the Tariq El-Arkob, to El-Kaur, and the Wadi Hadramut. We were 2 nights at Bir Lammas. I was too ill to go about at all, but I could not resist going out to see some baboons, which came to look at us from the low cliffs. I'm sure their leader must have been 4 feet long without his tail. My husband, who went for a climb, came to pretty close quarters with a striped hyena. We were encamped about 380 yards off from the well, and thought it a very pretty place, with acacia trees, and creepers hanging in long trails, and making arbours of all of them. The women do all the work here, having to fetch water from Bir Lammas and Ghenab for Mishal. The children, up to 14 years of age, tend the flocks, and the men stroll about, or sit in very war-like-looking conclaves, with guns and spears. Young children have wooden gembears to accustom them to their use, and it is funny to see tiny urchins of three or four hurling reeds at each other in imitation of their elders with more deadly weapons. The Bedouin seemed born in an element of war. One, we heard of, had lasted 15 years, but was happily now stopped for a little while. On a hill near the plain, about half a mile from Bir Lammas, there are ruins of good style, probably of the Ashabir period of Hamdani. We were to ride five hours to the next water after Bir Lammas. I felt it would be an awful journey, as I was becoming more and more inert. But I was able to jump onto my camel as usual. I begged my husband to tell me, as each hour passed, being quite determined never to ask too soon, but every time I did ask, it turned out to be only 20 minutes from the last time. We were soon out of Wadi Lammas, and went over stony plains with basalt scattered over them, and no possible place to encamp, which I was keenly on the lookout for. We went through a curious little pass, not high, but a very narrow cutting, just wide enough for us to ride through, for 300 yards, and then we had to wind down steeply at the other side over rocks. I began to feel that I had no control over my legs, and I hardly cared to change my position for going up or downhill, and once when my camel slipped down about five feet, I started to fall off headlong, but a bedou caught me by my leg and held me on. If I had fallen, as the path was very narrow, the camel would surely have stepped on me. I should certainly have cracked my skull first. Camels are not like horses. They do not object to stepping on people. A late Sultan of Shukra fell from his camel and was trampled on, and, quote, though the Quran was read to him, and herries or talismans were put on him, his breath would not stay in him, but came out in half an hour, end quote. Herries are put on camels to make them strong. My husband's camel had one, of which its master was very proud. At last we came to the Wadi Samloof, and I begged that we might stop and have a camel fetched for water. I had to be dragged from my camel and laid in the cindalike sand till the tent was pitched, for, as my malarial fever was constant, and I had no tertian intervals, I lost my strength completely. Both my husband and I, and several others were very ill, and we were not strong enough to get at our medicine chest. The water was very bad. The Sultan Salim and other grandees camped at the more dangerous open mouth of the valley. The place where we pitched the tents was very pretty. There were trees and very fantastic peaky rocks against the sky, and a great step about three feet high, which had once been a wave of basalt, black on the yellow sand. The camelmen used to spread their beds and light their fire on this sort of stage by night, but they spent the day under the trees. The last night we were in the Wadi Samloof, there was a great noise, guns firing, parties going out to reconnoiter, and shouting, but it turned out that the newcomers who arrived at such an unseasonable hour were sent by the Sultan of Shukra to welcome and escort us. From this spot I had to be carried to the sea, 17 miles on my bed, which was strengthened with tent pegs and slung on tent poles. From the little Sultan downwards, there was not one who did not help most kindly. We went down gently 3,000 feet. I cannot describe this journey, except that it was so very winding that I seemed to see the camel's meeting and passing me often. Fortunately, the crossing of the low-hot Abiyen was short. I dreaded the journey as I thought my bearers would not keep step, but they did wonderfully well, though of course they had no path to walk in, for two men and the bed were far too wide for any path there was. I saw one man double up his legs and go over a bolder 3 feet or 4 feet high, and they kept me very even too, and only dropped my head once. The bearers changed as smoothly as if they were accustomed to it, and were always saying something kind to me. I was not pleased at first at being carried off very suddenly head first, but it was certainly sweeter not having all those men in front of me, and I rejoiced in a delicious sea wind which blew stronger and stronger, and just seemed to keep me alive. I was very grateful to them, and took good care never to ask if we had still far to go. How glad I was to find myself in a rushing, roaring, rabble route of men, women and children tearing along beside me, not a thing I generally like, but now it told me of the end of my weary journey. I was deposited on my bed in a tower, tent pegs and poles removed, and left with a spearman on the doorstep to keep off intruders. The rest of our miserable fever-stricken party came in half an hour later. The Sultan of the Fathley came to our tent to see us, a pleasant-faced, mustard-coloured man, and also his wife, the daughter of an Aidan sheikh, a very handsome woman. They were very kind in sending milk, watermelons, and any little luxury they could. The Sultan lived in a fine brown building with a stunted tower, a glorified Arab house, but nothing like those in the Hadramut. They send sharks-fins to China from here, as well as from Sokotra and the Somali coast. This is probably Ptolemy's Agmanisfe Kome. It is just the right distance from Arabia Emporium, that is, one day, so we found it. There was the greatest difficulty in getting a boat, for none of the ships wished to go to Aidan for fear of quarantine, as they would be supposed to be coming from the plague-stricken Bombay. My husband promised a hundred rupees for every day, and the Sultan compelled a captain, whose baggala was loaded for Mughalla, to take us to Aidan, by refusing to give him his papers otherwise. Our last moments at Shukra were spent lying on the sand with our heads on a bag, and sheltered by a little bit of sacking on three sticks. The Sultan sat over us on a high chair, saying very polite things. We were lifted on board our ship at three o'clock, and from the ship admired Shukra, which looked very picturesque in the evening haze, with its towers, its few trees, and its many-peaked, goddamn mountains behind. We reached Aidan at three next afternoon. This is all I can write about this journey. It would have been better told, but that I only am left to tell it.


Okay, we're going to get started with session two, just in the interest of keeping on time. So the first speaker for this session is going to be Chad Crichton from Baylor College of Medicine, and he's going to tell us about the kidney chromophobe project. Chad?


Everybody forced here ripping four boxes of 22 23 spectra basketball hobby for Neil. Good luck Neil Let's get a male. Let's get a nebula logo man Or you know Palo RPA some of the nice cards would be good Okay, start with some base here. Matthew and on the base as well as a nice so on parallel Jeremy so on this number to 149 Then a Josh Minot rookie aspiring autograph This one's number to 99 rookie Jordan Goodwin now 47 of 49 on the good one Gary Trent Jr. Catalysts autograph Number to 99 Ryan Rollins you got Jalen Green out of 149 Redemption Mark Williams rookie Jersey autograph supernova It's a solid one there. He did good rookie season. I wonder if he can continue to grow there and Charlotte. They need a big Maybe he's it a Bogdanovic to 99 With an Andrew Nemhardt the 35 purple aspiring rookie auto. It's a good hit there All right solid first box Hoping for Honestly, just some RPAs now, right big-time rookie that are not big-time vet autos big RPAs something like that feeling Terry and Gold yep gold Steph Curry that'll help Beauty this one gold Steph Curry There we go Neil and illustrious legends autograph to 75 of Dominique Wilkins on card To 1 49 is drew holiday. Oh, there we go. Mike Miller to 25 on the auto now Mike Miller tech yo to 149 is Dreymond Green Caleb Martin number to 99 on the deep space autograph Rookie out of 49 is Max Christie and Johnny Davis rookie green autograph out of 50 aspiring green Come on RPAs. It's getting ridiculous here. All right. That is Coloco rookie out of 50 49 49 excuse me Jabari Smith And a redemption of Kenneth Lothan jr. Rookie Jersey autograph supernova Gold to 10 Michael Porter jr. On redemption Andrew Nemhard rookie Jersey autograph supernova So all the rookie Jersey auto has been Redemption so far that is a menagerie Christian Wood That's not a redemption to 75 rookie patch autograph is Walker Kessler. Very nice Kessler Terry's maxi number to 149 They go and draw get shot of 15 of 25 Retros retrospect auto that's one one palo Davis there at a 49 palgasol. That is to 99 a Cadillac auto of Grayson Allen Sheila Williams menagerie penny hardaway like Wesley to 199 rookie Jersey auto. Yeah, I see this guy's doing Got a mellow out of 99 Christian Latiner auto to 99 icons auto Latiner Rookie to 149 nice palo here number Palo Ben caro and redemption of Christian Brown rookie Jersey auto Celestial on the back so some decent rookie Jersey autos and the redemptions the Kessler was nice Appreciate it Neil. We'll get these cards out to you You