Test one, two, three. Test one, two, three. Test, test one, two, three. It looks like it's working. Cool. Hi, my name is Chichou and I'd like to welcome you to series four of the Language of Mathematics. Now, what we're going to do right now is do a little introduction to this series because there's a fair bit of stuff that we're going to cover in this series. And this series is extremely important because what we're going to do with this series is take the previous four series that we've done. Series one, series two, series three A and three B. And what we're going to do is take a look at how we can convert that, how we can use that information in the real world. So we're going to acquire the tools that we need to be able to use math in real life. And there's three things we're going to talk about. One of them is units and ratios. That's going to be a section on its own. One of them is going to be talking about graphs and functions. And another one is going to be a little bit more on zero and infinity. So let me lay this out and we'll talk a little bit about what each one is going to contain. Hopefully that comes out. You can read this. It's a little bit far away, but that's okay. This says units and ratios. The other one is graphs and functions, f of x, and zero and infinity. And this is what we're going to try to cover in series four. The most important part, well they're all important, but the largest thing we're going to focus on, and we're going to beat this thing to a pulp, is units and ratios. The reason for this is because units and ratios is basically the foundation of everything that our system is set up on. Everything that our civilization is set up on. Everything that society is set up on. Units is basically just talking about what we are talking about. May it be economics, may it be politics, may it be buying food, may it be measuring things, may it be for equality, sustainability. It's basically the foundation of where we started to use mathematics in the real world, where we began to apply mathematics in the real world, which is giving a quantity to a specific unit, to a specific something. And ratios is basically us comparing two things. Two hours of work for this much money, two apples for this much money or this many other fruit, barter system, this amount of time for this much distance, this stock for this price, this work for this job, whatever you want to think about it, this is basically the foundation of us, the beginning of us being able to use mathematics in the real world in our present system. Units and ratios. I don't know if we call it the most important section that we're tackling or we have tackled, but it is the most useful section that you're going to deal with or we're going to deal with because you're going to use this directly in your life. And even if you know you've been using it or not, you have been using it. Every time you go to a store to buy something, maybe a piece of gum, maybe film, maybe buying a ticket to go see a movie, you're using this. You're giving a certain amount of money, a unit of something for receiving something, a unit of something else. The other section that we're going to talk about is graphs and functions. And graphs and functions is, we got our hands really dirty with talking about functions and how to break down functions and dealing with polynomials and what polynomials are. But we really haven't talked about what functions are. And we looked at some graphs in series 3a and 3b, but we really didn't talk about how to look at graphs and what graphs mean and what types of graphs there are. So what we're going to do is take a serious step back and talk about graphs and functions, define functions and talk about how we go about reading graphs, different types of graphs. And this is super important because we're visual beings. So when we talk about units, when we talk about data, when we talk about numbers, it's easier for us to process that information when it's put in graph form. And the majority of the graphs that we deal with that our society is based on, that we do models for are functions. For every input, there is a specific output. And we're going to talk about this. We're going to step back and take a look at how we read graphs and what functions are and what type of functions we may have coming our way when dealing with things. The other section we're going to talk about is 0 and infinity. And 0 and infinity, I did one video in series 1, I think it was in the first five videos we did, just talking about what it means in the most simplistic form of dividing something by 0 and dividing something by an extremely large number in infinity. So we're going to expand on this. And this section, it's going to take us a long time to deal with this. And we started series 1, had one video on this, which is basically the most simplistic form of a limit. And there's one video you can watch with this and take it with a grain of salt. But we're going to expand on this concept, 0 and infinity. And this section here is going to stay with us all the way to the end of what my plans are for the language of mathematics and math in real life, which is doing an introductory course in calculus. And when we get to calculus, we'll explore this to where I understand it. And it's going to continuously come up in every other section that we do, in every other series that we do. So 0 and infinity, we're going to talk about a little bit. Philosophical, then mathematical. One thing to keep in mind is there's going to be pure requisites for this. For this section, I'm going to tell you, let you know when we do the full introduction for this section, of what videos you need to watch or you need to have a good grasp of before looking at this. Same with this. I'm going to let you know what you need to know before this. And 0 and infinity, well, you really don't need to know much. There's only one video you can take a look at. But there's the real number set video that we did at the beginning, which is a foundation, the basis of the way we laid out mathematics for us, what the numbers are. And it's a pretty good idea for you to get to know that as well. But we'll talk a lot more about these later. So that's what we're going to cover for series four. I hope you like. I'm personally excited to deal with this. This is a fair bit of stuff I've laid out. And we'll try to put it together and present it in the proper order. So it all makes sense. And keep in mind that all of these things are connected. These 0 and infinity is basically showing us where our pitfalls are for our functions, our functions that we've graphed that we're trying to model, understand, or visually present the data that we've collected, the units that we're talking about when comparing two things, how function moves, how one thing relates to another. So all these three things are related. We're just going to tackle them separately. And when we've gotten to a nice place, we're going to connect them all up and see how they relate to each other. And again, this is probably going to take longer than one torrent to do. So series four is most likely going to be broken up, just like series three was. So there's going to be most likely series four A, series four B, and possibly series four C, depending on how well we can put everything together and mesh everything together and how long we have with the weather and how much work we can get done in the amount of time that we have. And that's about it, I guess. Glad to be back. Hope you're having a good time. Hope you're enjoying your summer of 2011. And getting excited to delve into this and play around with it and see what we've come up with. That's it for now. I guess I'll see you guys in the next videos. Bye. Now, before we get started, just a couple of notes. In the last few years, people have said that the sound quality for the video sometimes is not very good because there's been a lot of wind and a lot of traffic, a lot of noise. And the video quality, well, I'm functioning with a little camera that I bought like five years ago. So I've upgraded my system. And I'm going to show you what I got. Well, I'm going to show you one part of what I got, which is the voice thing. Now, because people have been saying the sound hasn't been coming up well, I looked into it and I talked about it with a friend of mine that we did a remainder theorem video. One of the last videos, we did four series three B. And I came out really well and I learned a lot doing that with someone else that knows their stuff, knows their camera work and how to deal with sound and how to edit. So I went out and I bought the lowest, the best system I could afford, which is one of the lowest systems I could get. So I ended up going and getting a little digital recorder and some kind of mic system, semi-professional I guess, I don't know. Anyway, this way I can hook this up and hopefully the sound, when I go into the editing, I can overlay the things together and even when I'm far away, you should be able to hear me. So I'm going to set this up right now and we'll see what it sounds like. There's a lot of things to take care of. You've got to turn this on, turn that on, do this, do this, put the things in the right folders and whatnot. But hopefully it'll all work out. So turn this on, do a little, actually, let's hook this up. So the deal is bring this guy up and here's a little mic. It's got a little hook, so I'm going to set this up here. I did a little test run a few days ago and I think it should all work out fine. I hope so anyway. Now I'm going to be moving around a lot so hopefully there isn't too much scratchy sound coming up. And that thing's on and what we're going to do is press record and hopefully when I go into the editing, the voice, this voice that you're hearing, and by the way, this is an upgraded camera as well but I'll talk about that as soon as we get the voice set. So press record and this thing seems like it's recording and hello, hello, see the bar going across. So this thing's pretty much set up, I'm just going to put it on hold so everything's turned on, this thing goes in my pocket. So we're all set up with the sound quality and I hope in the editing right now the sound is coming out a lot sharper and a lot better. And so we've gotten sound taken care of. As far as the video quality goes, when I started this project about five years ago, 2007 I guess, or four years ago, I could only afford a certain level of camera which is basically lowest end camera that they offered which was almost all the videos from the previous four years that we've done for the language of mathematics have been shot with this other camera that I'm going to show you. And the reason I'm doing this is I want to give credit where credit is due and a lot of people have been asking me what camera it is that I've been making the videos with, not just about math videos but other things as well. And again, it was when I bought this camera, when I bought this camera, at the time it cost me $360 and that was in 2007, there was a lot of money for me and it still allows a lot of money for me but it served us well and I really want to give credit where credit is due because I'm going to be keeping this thing for a while. Now, this camera, it's a Canon ZR 800 and it records little mini-DVs, tapes that I've been recording on. So I got a lot of these things from the last four years holding a lot of mathematics. Most of the stuff, well, the majority of the stuff I used, there was some stuff I didn't use because it just sounded and it came out well or the video quality wasn't that good. So just credit where credit is due and hopefully in the next, you know, whatever time we're going to end up using this other camera with and if it serves us well, you know, I'll do another one, come out in front of a, you know, better grade system and show you what the camera is that we're shooting in right now. So that's where we are and we got a nice sound now. So let's start the mathematics and talk about what we're going to do in this series.


Presenting Walter Houston in America for Christmas on the Cavalcade of America, sponsored by the DuPont Company, maker of better things for better living through chemistry. Good evening, this is Walter Houston. Tonight on a small island in the lonely distances of the Pacific. An island you never knew before existed and will find with difficulty on the map. A troop of soldiers, a handful of Navy men, few Marines, one or two fliers and a medical staff are celebrating Christmas. I said celebrating, but perhaps there is a better word for it. Perhaps I should have said reminiscing about their former Christmas celebrations which took place in the dim and distant past, in different settings and under different circumstances. It is with such servicemen and women as these in mind that tonight we bring you this special Christmas play. And so with the best wishes of the season, the DuPont Company presents America for Christmas by Peter Lyon, in which I have the pleasure of appearing in the part of a master of ceremonies for an overseas USO camp show entertainment unit. We're happy to have as our soloist an authority on American folk music, the composer of Bad for Americans, Earl Robinson. We are now on our small island in the Pacific. Its name will remain undisclosed for reasons of military security, but you can be sure that every inch of its ground is by now familiar to every man stationed there. By now they've eaten their Christmas dinner and opened their Christmas packages, but there's one remaining package addressed to all the men still to be opened, a package of good cheer and glad tidings to the men in their home away from home. The group has just finished a Christmas carol and the emcee and old vaudeville trooper steps forward to open the show. Very good, very good. I'd like to sign you all up to join our troupe. Which one of you guys was singing tenor? Me. Well, we'll sign everybody but you. Well, what about it fellas? Has it been a good Christmas? Why, sure. It's been okay. You don't sound very sure. Ah, who are you guys kidding? Not even yourselves. Two Christmases ago I was in Oregon standing two feet deep in snow. Look at these palm trees. Is this Christmas? Yeah, that's what I thought. That's what all of us in this troupe figured. Me and Marilyn here in June in the quartet there and Sandy over there with the guitar. We had a dope blood ride, right Marilyn? Right. Right. Well, we thought everybody's been giving everybody else some Christmas presents, right? Right. All except we haven't given you any. No show tonight. That is no regular show. And we've got a special one, right? Right. Right. We have caused to be constructed a show, something brand new, bright and different. Songs and stories from our travels all over the country we love. And it's our present to you. It's the best we can do. It's all we can do. Okay? Okay. Okay. Places everybody. The stage, that's over there. No curtain, but you can imagine it now rising, orchestra finishing the overture, light stemming. Here it is, America for Christmas. What are they singing about? They're singing about America, young lady, and Columbia is her symbol. She's a big country and a great country, a hot and cold country, an empty one and crowded. She's an all over country. And whatever you want, you'll find her in America. That's why they're singing about her. They? Who are they? They're the people, young lady, the people who live in America and sing songs about her and tell stories about her and lie about her and brag about her and love her. The farmers on her plane and the men who built her cities and made her strong. Roll on, Columbia. Roll on, Columbia. They're all over America right now, singing and talking and telling tall tales. If you want to meet them, you'll have to travel the whole country fast. Let's go. All right, and discover America all over again. Where do we start? Well, let's see. Might as well start with the pilgrim started, I guess. On the shores of New England. Old Stormy was a fine old man. It's New England, the song of the men who go down to the sea and ships, down to the sea from craggy inlets and deep sea ports. There's rocks all over New England. All over? All over. Even the fields and meadows of the New England farms makes it tough to make a living. There was a farmer in New England who invited his minister to pay his farmer visit. The two of them, the farmer and the minister, walked over the stony fields. The minister sang, Why was it you wanted me to come out on your farm? Reverend, I want you to pray to God with me that I'd get better crops. What this land needs is not prayer, but fertilizer. That's New England, a rocky country. Men get to be shrewd traders in that country, they have to. What's a shrewd trader? A shrewd trader is a... Well, do you want to watch a couple of shrewd traders in operation? A Yankee peddler with a wagonload of Yankee notions. Pulled up in front of the Yankee General Store. The storekeeper going down into the road and asking... What's the price of your razor straps? A dollar each for these straps. Dollar piece? They'll be sold for half the money before the year's out. One of these straps is sold for 50 cents within a year. I'll make you a present of one, mister. You will, will you? Now... A ban? Or your ban? Yep. You're the witness to the contract? Yeah, I'm the witness. All right, peddler. I'll purchase a strap on those conditions. It's your dollar. Contract to contract? I'll stick to it. Ben, I don't much like this drop now that bought it. How much do you give me for it? Hey. Well, you're seeing that you'll give you 50 cents for it. Hey, now, see here. Here you are, Ben. 50 cents. It's yours. All right, all right. You win. Here's your strap for free. Want to watch out for yourself when you're in Bethel, mister peddler? Some pretty sharp fellas around here. Trouble. Nothing to brag about. I made 75 cents on that deal. How's that? I got a dollar for two straps, which cost me only 12.5 cents a piece. I heard of the cute tricks of you, Bethel fellas. I generally sell these straps for only 25 cents a piece. But gentlemen, if you want any more at 50 cents a piece, I'll be happy to supply your whole village. Yes, sir. Anything else you want to buy now? Nope. Ben, shaved enough by you, tin peddlers. Want any more of you? It's very hard to condemn a whole class because of one or two dishonest ones. Give me a fair trial. I'm traveling all through this countryside. I can get rid of your unsalable goods. Nope. Yeah. Tell you what I'll do. I'll give you a fair chance. I'll sell you anything I have in my wagon at my lowest wholesale price and we'll take an exchange, anything you please to pay me from your store at the retail price. Mm-hmm. There, ain't it? I'll look over your goods. Got a lot of wet stones there. That how much? Old sale price of wet stones is $3 a dozen. I'll take $12 a dozen then. All right. That's $36, you owe me. For which I'm to take such goods as you please at retail price. Now, uh, what are you going to pay me in? In wet stones? Retail price, Pip Sans? You'll get just six dozen. There's a couple of suit traders. Let's move on. Let's get away from the rocky country. You think that's a bad country? Well, I meet the fella from Maryland. The dogs in Maryland are so poor that they have to lean against the fence to bark. It takes three or four pigs all at once to pull up a blade of grass. And if they want to cast a shadow away, it takes six pigs to do that. Should we go further west? If the country in the east is also bad... The rest of that country you're on into West Virginia. Now there is some country, hill country. You want to hear a West Virginia on the subject? All hills and valleys in West Virginia, valleys real narrow. So narrow the dogs have to wag their tails up and down, can't wag them back and forth. While there's one valley in West Virginia so narrow that the moonshine has to be wheeled out on a wheelbarrow every morning and the daylight wheeled in. Well, come along, little girl. You've got a lot of traveling to do. I heard that railroad whistle blow, blow, blow. Yes, I thought I heard that railroad whistle blow. And I thought I heard that lonesome whistle blow, blow, blow. And it blowed like it never blowed before. Taking this train, jump on. Where does it go? West? West. West, and it goes right by Pittsburgh. Have to look fast if you want to see it. Well, where is it? I want to see Pittsburgh. There, there, there's a Pittsburgh fella. I've been working at Pittsburgh Steel. I thought you know. I've been dumping that red hot slag way down the road. I've been a blast and I've been firing. I've been pouring that red hot iron. I've been having some hard traveling lords. If you want to get iron, you go in the hole. You want to get sink, you go in the hole. You want to get lead, you go in the hole. You want to get coal, you go in the hole. You want to get oil right out of the ground.  And that's what you get by going in the hole. Still going west, same road that Dan Elbowne and David Crockett took. Only we can go a little faster. Riding on the Wabash Cannonball. Mhmm. Pies along the wood by the shore. Hear that mighty Russian inch howl. Through the country on the Wabash Cannonball. Just like our grandfathers did Elboru, and that's what they wanted. They didn't want to neighbor any nearer than ten miles. Besides, it's greener on the other side. The other side of what? The Mississippi River, the granddaddy of them all. M-I-S-S-I-S-S-I-P-T-I. That's right. The boatmen floating down on rafts. Talking easy on the night air, talking big, talking quiet. Making up stories just to hear the sound of their tongues wagging. Like these two men talking about their river, the big old Mississippi. Listen to me. Yep. This nice old muddy Mississippi River water is wholesomer to drink than the clear water of the Ohio. Let a pint of this yellow Mississippi water settle. You'll have about a half to three quarters of an inch of mud in the bottom. What you want to do is keep it stirred up. Yep, that's right. Now there's nutrition in this good old mud. Now you look at the graveyards. That tells the tale. What trees won't grow worse shucks than a Cincinnati graveyard. But now in a St. Louis graveyard, why the trees grew up at 800 feet high. And it's all on account of the water that people drunk before they laid up. A Cincinnati corpse don't rich in the soil any. That wasn't all I talked about either. They talked about old mosquitoes, for instance. Mosquitoes in the Mississippi River Valley. I heard a man talking about those mosquitoes once. Well, sir, I'll tell you. Now the state of Arkansas has been injured and kept back by generations of exaggerations concerning the mosquitoes there. Why, sir, these mosquitoes have been persistently represented as being formidable and lawless. But the truth is they are feeble, insignificant in size, diffident to a false sensitivity. Now if you really want to hear about some formidable mosquitoes, sir, why then they are the Lake Providence Colossus. Lake Providence? There are large mosquitoes there. Two of them can whip a dog. Four of them can hold a man down. I must say that that's... Why, sir, this may strain your cadulity, but I even seen those mosquitoes at Lake Providence trying to vote. What? Well, I have seen them canvassing around the pole. Excuse me, gentlemen. I overheard what you were saying about mosquitoes, and I was about to add simply that the biggest mosquitoes I've ever seen was a little further to the west, in Oklahoma. Years ago, gentlemen, I saw four mosquitoes kill a buffalo. Kill a buffalo, yes, sir. And pick his bones clean and leave him to bleach in the sun. Good day, sir. What do you know? What's the matter? His story seemed a little sizable. I can't stand a lie, sir. I just can't stand a lie. You're listening to America for Christmas, starring Walter Houston as the master of ceremonies in a traveling USO camp shows unit on the cavalcade of America sponsored by the DuPont Company, maker of better things for better living through chemistry. In our play tonight, Walter Houston portrays an old vaudeville who is leading his USO troop through the southwest Pacific, and on this Christmas night, they are entertaining a company of servicemen and women on a tiny Pacific island, entertaining them by giving them the best Christmas present they know. A memory of America as they remember her through our American folklore. They've covered the eastern half of the country on their special Christmas show. They're in the valley of the Mississippi right now, and I think... Yes, they're in the station, buying their tickets to the next stop.  Yes, that Rock Island line is a road to ride. And if you want a ride, you've got to ride it like you find it. Get your ticket at the station on the Rock Island line. And so now we're across the Mississippi. This must be our Kansas. Please, Marilyn. What's the matter? The name of this state is not Arkansas. My poor, benighted child. It is it? That's what it looks like when you see it. Arkansas. No, no, no, no, no. Maybe you don't realize how strongly folks in this state feel on the subject. Years ago, there was a debate right in the state legislature when someone proposed that the state go on record to change its name from Arkansas to Arkansas. Another fellow, well, he got up and made a big speech. Mr. Speaker, you blue-bellied rascal. I have, for the last 30 minutes, been trying to get your attention.  Gentlemen, you may tear down the honored pictures from the halls of the United States Senate. Hold down the stars and stripes. Curse the goddess of liberty. But your crime would in no wise compare an enormity with what you propose to do when you will change the name of Arkansas. Compare the lily of the valley to the gorgeous sunrise. The discordant croak of the bullfrog to the melodious tunes of the nightingale. The bray of a Mexican mule to the classic strings of Mozart. But never change the name of Arkansas. No, a thousand times no. They didn't change the name of Arkansas, did they? No, they left it alone. And is Arkansas related to Kansas? No relation at all, little girl, not even first cousins. But they missed touching each other at their border by 40 miles. In fact, down in Arkansas, people sing a song about the people up north in Kansas. Oh, they chatter back a thin in Kansas. Oh, they chatter back a thin in Kansas. Oh, they chatter back a thin and it rolls right down their chin. And they lap it up again in Kansas. Oh, potatoes they grow small in Kansas. Potatoes they grow small in Kansas. Oh, potatoes they grow small and they dig them in the fall Eat them tops and all in Kansas. Come all who want a roll. I don't think I want to stay in Kansas, is that what it's like? Well, it's not exactly like that, but the potatoes really aren't quite as big as they are in, say, Idaho. They grow big potatoes in Idaho? Big potatoes in Idaho? Well, I should think pretty sizable. Couple of years ago, when they built an army camp in Idaho, one of the mess sergeants went around to see about buying some potatoes. Spoke to one of the Idaho farmers who had a little farm. Raised potatoes on your land? Mm-hmm. Well, you sell me some, I need some for the army camp, other side of Lewiston. Well, how much do you want? Oh, 100 pounds. Hmm, only 100 pounds? Yeah. Nope, I wouldn't cut a spud in two for no one. Are we out of Arkansas yet? Ah, yes, this is Texas. We'll be here quite a spire. I should think so. It's so big. And the people here, well, I think quite a bit about their climate here, too. Whether, you know, comes different pretty often. Well, seeing there's so much of Texas, I should think the weather would be all different kinds. Yes, but the point is, in Texas, the weather is all kinds all at the same time. As the fellow says, nobody prophesies about Texas weather except newcomers and dumb fools. Came the time when a fresh young tenderfoot walked into a Texas saloon, walked up to the bar in order to drink. Men in the place, they said nothing. Just watched him. You know, young fellow finished his drink. Then he hauls off and says, well, I believe it's going to rain. My friend, did you know that there were only two kinds of people who prophesy about Texas weather? Two kinds of people who prophesy on Texas weather. Well, that's very clear. Who are they?  I don't know about them, man. I don't know about them. You say there are only two kinds of people who prophesy on about Texas weather.  Well, you're absolutely right. But after all, those are the only two kinds of people there are in Texas. How country through here, and to the north, and to the west.  Humor, where it's been known to get pretty warm sometimes when it's summer. And the migratory workers sing in the evening. Kirk in your orchard of peaches and prunes. And asleep on the ground, meet the light of your moon. On the edge of your city, you see us now and then. We come with the dust, and we go with California, Arizona. I make all your crops, and it's up north to Oregon to gather in your hearts from your ground. Cut the grapes from your vine to get on your table, your light spot. Come on, here we go again, north this time. Another train line. I'm riding on this blue river train. I'm riding on this blue river train. Carry me away. Got something special for you to see up north here. What's that? Something big? Biggest thing man has ever done. Well, this world has seven wonders. That travelers always tell. Some gardens and some flowers. I guess you know them well. But now the biggest wonder in Uncle Sam's Fairland. It's the King Columbia River and the Big Red Cooley Dam up in the state of Washington. She winds down her granite canyon. She bends across the lead, like a silver running stallion down her seaway to the sea. Well, she ripped our boat to split us, but she gave us dreams to dream. Of the day this Cooley Dam would cross that wild and wasted stream. Now as we join in battle, along with you and me, we'll spawn upon the Columbia River by the Big Red Cooley Dam. California? Are we going to California now? Climb it. That's all there is in California. The Californian says... We got the healthiest. It's a healthy when we started the graveyard. We had to shoot a man. Hearing which? If you raise your eyebrows in polite disbelief, the Californian says further. We don't have to prove it. We admit it. Well, that's about it. Time to be getting back home now. What? Oh, but we haven't seen nearly everything. For every part of the country a song or a story. Not time in half an hour to do them all justice. So, boys, I guess it's the end of the show. It was enough, mister.  That's been the best Christmas I ever had. For the last 20 minutes, I've been standing in two feet of snow back in Oregon. Okay. And we'll have one last song. Everybody sing. No matter the country a song or a story. But all the parts, all the states add up to one mighty hole. One America. Roll on, Columbia. Roll on. To you, Walter Houston, and the members of tonight's Cavalcade cast, our thanks. On this Christmas night, we are thinking the same thoughts you are of men far from home in deep snow and in tropical heat fighting the battle of freedom. What is in your hearts, our hearts, and their hearts has been said powerfully and beautifully by a soldier, a G.I. Let me read it to you. At the moment, it is difficult to think of victory as meaning anything but an end of fear, to loneliness and death, and a chance to go back to pick up the strands of interrupted life. Henceforth, each simple pleasure, each right we always took so lightly will take on rich meaning. We know what it costs to keep them, and we know too that we have really earned a share in them. But victory means much more. With victory, we stand on the threshold of limitless inventions and comforts. We possess the resources to extend our horizons in every field of endeavor and every aspect of human relations. However ancient and stubborn enemies are still to be conquered. Enemies which must be overcome, not by armies, but by minds and hearts and talents set wholly free. Such enemies are property, insecurity, prejudice, disunity. These too shall be conquered, for we have begun to think more deeply and more dynamically. And if we can sweep aside untold obstacles to smash the most ruthlessly efficient machines of destruction ever devised, surely we possess the vision and practical genius to organize for peace, security, and a world designed for living. Till now, many have ruled because of accident, of birth, and power, or wealth. But throughout the world, the unfit, the weaklings, and the traitors are falling by the wayside. New leaders are rising from the people, those who never sold their heritage of courage, faith, and simple human dignity. With victory, we shall have destroyed those who would have enslaved the world. Our sacrifices have been great, but we have won the opportunity to emerge from the animal kingdom and enter the kingdom of man. I look forward to living in such a world. I look forward to living in such a world. If a soldier risking his life at the front can say that, then certainly all of us can look forward. To all of you, the DuPont Company wishes a Merry Christmas. To the 34,000 DuPont men and women in the armed forces, we call Merry Christmas across the oceans. We send more than a greeting. We send our solemn pledge, we of DuPont, that we will not slow our efforts for one minute, that we will work and produce without let up until the last gun is fired and the white flag over Berlin and Tokyo, at last, gives us a chance to rest and say, now it's really over. That is the pledge and promise of the men and women who work for DuPont. This is Walter Houston. Good night, and God bless us all. Next week, the Cavalcade of America will bring you Anne Harding in Westward the Women, the story of Abigail Scott Dunaway. Abigail Dunaway, a farmer's wife, lived in the Oregon Territory in 1850. She managed a household. She raised four children. She was an average woman of that place and time with one difference, and this difference was an idea, an idea born in Mrs. Dunaway's kitchen, an idea which today affects the life of every American woman who fought for it. Listen next week to Westward the Women, starring Anne Harding on the Cavalcade of America. Tonight's Cavalcade play was based on A.L. Botkin's book, A Treasury of American Folklore, published by Crown Publishers. For use of special songs, Cavalcade is indebted to Woody Guthrie, and for their arrangement and erection to Earl Robinson. Heard in the program was the sportsman's quartet. The orchestra was conducted by Robert Ambruster. This is Gain Whitman sending you season's greetings on behalf of Cavalcade sponsor E.I. DuPont Dinemore's company of Wilmington, Delaware. This is the national broadcasting company.


Welcome back to the session on latex. The first session in topic 5 covered how one can format a title page such that it looks great. The title page environment is used for this purpose. We created a sample title page and as an exercise we requested you to type set another title page as well. In this session, we added hyperlinks and hypertext in our document using the URL and href commands. In session number 32, we added cross referencing in our document wherein we could refer a particular chapter, section, table, image, etcetera using respective numbers, names and page numbers. The first step was to add labels and the next step was to use the respective commands. In session 33, we created a back index using the I make idx package wherein we added entries, sub entries and cross referencing. In the last session of the topic, we added references in Biptic format in the .bib file. We cited them using the site command wherever needed and change the style of referencing. Finally, we converted a basic article into a paper of IEEE format. So, in these 5 topics, we covered a lot of concepts that students, researchers and professionals will use. The next topic will deal with creating presentations using one of the document classes of LaTeC itself. Thank you. Have a nice day.


Hey, what's up everyone? It's me. It's your old mate Jake Well, actually, it's Jacob, Jake and McDonald. That's my real name But no one's ever called me that for about a good 15-20 years. In fact No one ever does. It's always Jake and that's where I want you to go I want you to go to my second YouTube channel Jake reacts Because I am officially as the title suggests retiring The title rugby player reacts. It's been a journey and a half.  I'm completely and utterly lost for words to to think back to when I First decided to make that first rugby player reacts video I had no clue that I would have had so much fun and the series would have gone on for so long I had no idea but when when it did hit and when it hit the algorithm and it hit it hard I thought I have to take this opportunity. I thought I'm gonna really kick myself if I don't and that's when I went into content creation overdrive something I'd never done before I sent myself into the ground to be fair, but I wanted to create as many videos as possible I wanted to make the most of this opportunity and that's exactly what I did guys and You know a lot of you guys will be here through my reaction videos And if you do want to continue following my reactions, I'm gonna say that I will continue to do them I am officially retiring the rugby player reacts title But I'm gonna continue it on another on another channel that Link is in the description box below. The channel is called Jake reacts. Yes original. I know I'm gonna call myself Jake now. Jake and McDonald is this channel There's still gonna be videos all sorts of videos as you know In fact the videos you see after this one We'll be covering My journey into sobriety from marijuana. Okay at the moment. I'm 35 days smoke-free that is almost three times The length the longest length of time I've ever done that in the past It's been a journey in itself those videos will be coming out shortly on this channel among whatever other content I want to bring about my life and about my journey But as far as specific reaction videos and I know a lot of you guys Have no interest in my personal life, which is absolutely fine But I want to continue to create reaction videos and I and I want to I want to separate the two so Please by all means head down in the description box below all the details are there. It's called Jake reacts There's a few videos on the channel already And I'd absolutely love your support. I really would this journey is not over by any means This channel being solely reaction based is going to allow me to Go deep into the the you know world of reactions and giving my opinions and and you know Analyzing things I think I'm still going to bring Some form of reaction based Or analysis based content to this channel, but as far as straight-out reactions, they're going to be titled Jake reacts and They're going to be on the second channel So look guys, I'd absolutely love your support I never wanted this channel to be a reaction based channel Solely and a lot of you guys will come to the channel and not even realize all of the work that I put in beforehand You know the thousand-odd videos are made before making my first reaction video and that you know It didn't sit right with me, but I accepted it But at the end of the day I put out a poll about two weeks ago now asking The question I didn't know how it was going to go But you've got to ask if you don't ask you don't get and I needed your opinion on whether I should actually make a second channel Based solely on reactions and over 80% of you over 2,000 of you thankfully voted and Told me that you'd be interested in that. So this is the call to action I'm letting you know right here right now. I've made a second channel.  It's something. I'll never forget Yeah, wow, like I said at the start. I'm completely speechless when it comes to trying to Describe what that means to me what the series means to me what that title means to me What the game of rugby means to me? That means the world and so do you guys so I'd love your support. I'll see you there. Thank you so much for watching and All the best Peace out


Hello and welcome to My Career in Data, a podcast where we discuss with industry leaders and experts how they have built their careers. I'm your host Shannon Kipp and today we're talking to Chris Way from Rocket Software. Visit dataversity.net and expand your knowledge with thousands of articles and blogs written by industry experts, plus free live and on-demand webinars covering the complete data management spectrum. While you're there, subscribe to the weekly newsletter so you'll never miss a beat. Hello and welcome. My name is Shannon Kemp and I'm the Chief Digital Officer at Dataversity and this is My Career in Data, a Dataversity Talks podcast dedicated to learning from those who have careers in data management to understand how they got there and to be talking with people who help make those careers a little bit easier. To keep up to date in the latest in data management education, go to dataversity.net forward slash subscribe. Today we are joined by Chris Way, the data modernization president at Rocket Software and normally this is where a podcast host would read a short bio of the guest but in this podcast your bio is what we're here to talk about. Chris, hello and welcome. Welcome. Thank you. It's so great to be here, Shannon. Oh, so glad you could join us. So tell me, okay, so you're the data modernization president at Rocket Software. So what is Rocket Software and what is it that you do? What does that title mean? Rocket Software, we've been around for a bit more than 30 years and we help enterprises across the globe modernize their IT environments and we help them modernize their data, their applications and their infrastructure. And so it's a really exciting company where we get to work with some of the world's largest companies and they're very, very complex IT environments and these complex environments have thousands of applications and servers and data centers all over the world. They're using public clouds. They have their own data centers. They have their own computers. And so all of these applications and infrastructure within our customer's environment are a veritable playground for a company like us that really help customers modernize their IT environments because the reality is so many of these customers have been around for decades and so the complexity is huge and we help customers simplify and modernize. Oh, very cool. So that works it into the title. How did you get this title and what is it that you do specifically for Rocket Software? So I lead one of our business units at the company. Our business unit is focused on data modernization and that really focuses on the data that customers have within their environments and data is such an important part of our customer's businesses, whether they're in the insurance industry or financial services or governments across the globe or retailers. There's so much data out there and so we help our customers modernize their data environments. Very cool. So tell me, Chris, was this the dream when you were just a wee person in elementary school? Was this the dream like I'm going to grow up and be a data modernization president? Well, not exactly. I mean, I think I didn't even know this type of job existed, you know, yeah. Yeah. So what was the dream? What was the dream when you were a kid? Well, I actually wanted to be a fighter pilot, believe it or not. Very cool. My uncle flew B-52s in the Air Force and I had the chance to go on the Air Force base and visit the big jets and bombers on the Air Force base. And as a young child, that was incredibly exciting. I like to go fast, whether that's in cars or planes. And I had good eyesight and good hand-eye coordination, but then over time, unfortunately, the motion sickness was not a good thing for me. And so I think the fighter pilot wasn't going to do it. Yeah. There's so many things, details there that they need. Yeah. So what's and then what changed? So so as you as you got older and became an adult, you know, what became the new passion and what what did you start to become more interested in? Well, I was always good at math, enjoyed numbers, good at engineering. And so I went to college and studied engineering, electrical engineering and was able to get a job with IBM coming out of school, which was really exciting. And I worked at IBM for more than a decade and coming into the first job out of school, I started in sales operations as kind of a data analyst within the sales operations team for our semiconductor business and got to really enjoying data right out of school with IBM. Oh, that's exciting. So how are you working with with data there? Yeah. Well, in the sales operations role, we had salespeople across the globe that were selling our various offerings to our enterprise customers and we had just converted from fax machines to a Lotus Notes database. And so yeah, those reports would come in from the salespeople. They used to come in on the fax machines and we collect them. And now we had centralized everything into a consolidated Lotus Notes database. And I was made the IT and the database administrator in the sales operations team for all of the reports. And what was the interesting thing is everybody would send their formats in a slightly different way and the fields were different. And the way they would describe the products were different because there was no standardization in the fields and the data elements within the database. And so it was it was a lot of fun. I got to essentially help harmonize the data and make it consistent so that we could actually report on the consolidated sales forecasts from all of our sellers across the globe because we had a centralized database, but we didn't have any data governance and we didn't have any data quality and we didn't have any data consistency.  I love that. I love that. So then where did you go from there? Well, from here, you know, I think, you know, that was I started with this one database and this one business problem on how do we help our executives that are trying to understand the sales forecast from all of the sellers across the globe to listening to the salespeople and when they were not getting what they wanted from the company because we were in sales operations really kind of felt like a representative or a helper of the various folks in the field offices, whether that was in Europe or across the states or in Asia Pacific and helping them what they to get what they needed out of headquarters. And so we would hear that, you know, great job improving the sales forecast process, but we have all these other other problems with the things in headquarters. And so I was a curious person and I went and followed up with the different areas of the business and found that we had a whole spattering of databases across the enterprise that didn't really talk to each other because the thing with these Lotus Notes databases at the time was they were really easy to fire up, but then you had just a proliferation of databases. It's kind of like, you know, BI reports these days or, you know, who knows, Salesforce dashboards, right? You get all these things popping up and and so we had all these databases. They didn't talk to each other. They weren't consistent and things would get stuck and the salespeople and the customers wouldn't get their parts.  And so I kind of started with fixing the data quality in the database that we had and then expanding from there and trying to help the rest of the division at that time, fix their data quality and their data consistency problems to essentially help our customers get what they needed from our division. I love it. So so far you've said a couple of key things that, you know, I've heard and and we've been learning a lot from from other interviews. This curiosity, such an important thing and problem solving. Here's a problem that we have. This is causing me a lot of time and we can be more efficient if we do, if we standardize and create some quality and create some standards. I love that. All right. So tell me, so how do you go from there to rocket software? What's your what's how tell me more about your journey? Yeah, well, I spent about 13 years at IBM and I started in this semiconductor business where we were making memory and processors and custom processors for our customers. And then eventually made my way into the software business at IBM, which was a big business that helped customers with data quality, data management, we had various databases that still do around DB2 and other databases that are big for enterprise customers. And in the software business, I actually got to know and meet some of the leadership at Rocket Software. And so that was a really exciting time for me. I'd spent some time getting into the business of acquisitions and mergers and divestitures with IBM, which we did a lot of at the time. And so that was a very exciting time for me. And that that that opportunity and meeting the team at Rocket Software was a connection that was really important to me, that as I moved on in my career and went to two other companies ultimately came back and worked with Rocket Software. And I've been here for three and a half years and it's been wonderful. Amazing. That's great. So so tell me then, because you've been working with data for a while, so since college really and coming out of college, you know, so what is your definition of data? Well, I think data is central to everything that we do in business and even our home and our personal finances.  And if they really wink this way or look this other way, then I've made my decision, right? But for most of the person, data is essential of our decision making processes.  And that those fundamental data elements are so important to what we do. And so this exercise in aggregating data, consolidating it, making sure that the quality is high, putting it into a report and that data life cycle is such an important part of everything that businesses do. I've had a passion for it since I was very young. I had, you know, I was fortunate enough to work with it coming out of school. As you mentioned, that curiosity, I think, is a big factor in having an interest in the kind of the analytical tendencies, the curiosity, getting roll, have a desire to roll up your sleeves. And I think if those are things that you like doing, then, you know, data is a type of business for you. More and more companies are considering investing in data literacy education but still have questions about its value, purpose and how to get the ball rolling. Introducing the newest monthly webinar series from Dataversity, Elevating Enterprise Data Literacy, where we discuss the landscape of data literacy and answer your burning questions. Learn more about this new series and register for free at dataversity.net. Hello. So tell me, Chris, how are you working with data today to help you with your day to day job? Well, one of the, there's probably two aspects to it. I think one is as an internal customer of my company's IT department, right? So my company's IT department looks very much like an IT department at many large companies where they have a database team and they're consolidating all of the financial information. And there's a data warehousing or data lake where we consolidate all of the information across the company. And then there's a reporting in a business intelligence system that sits on top of that that delivers hundreds, if not thousands of reports to employees across the company. And so I'm a customer of that information as the president of our business unit here and having an understanding of what is the fundamental data of my business and how is my business doing and is it doing well or not? And understanding the detail by geography, by customer, by product, by specific feature, right? These are important information data that I want to know about, you know, the performance of the business. And so that's one aspect. But then as a business unit and we're a software company that helps our customers modernize their data, one of the most exciting areas that I love is around the area of data intelligence. And so we help our customers understanding how data travels through the organization from start to finish, from the time it gets created as it travels different databases and ETL scripts and transformations and warehouses and BI reports. And we help customers understand the trajectory. We call that data lineage, and that's an extraordinarily exciting area for me on how we build that software and then help our customers take advantage of that to understand where their data came from inside their company. That's great. I really like that, you know, and I love that you mentioned earlier, too, that, you know, we're using data in our daily lives, not just at work. So whether we know it or not, it's everywhere. So do you see the importance of data management and the number of jobs working with data increasing or decreasing over the next 10 years and why? I mean, I might be biased because I love data, but I think it's got to go up into the right. There's, you know, and maybe my rationale for that, Shannon, is probably that there's so much data getting generated and a lot of the data is messy data. And so what you want to find out is, you know, what's the what's the signal within that mess of data? So we want to improve the signal to noise ratio. And in order to improve the signal to noise ratio, you want to have more intelligent people looking at all the data. And, you know, we certainly probably can't get through the podcast without talking about AI, but, you know, AI will certainly have a part in improving the quality of data. But I think the massive amount of data, the increase of what's happening in the data space makes it interesting. And so again, if you're a curious individual, technical, want to analyze data, look for insights, I think with the massive increase in data that's happening that's just generated out of all the systems that are collecting data, generating data, analyzing data, I think there's going to be more data jobs over time than there are today over the coming 10 or 20 years. I love it. So what advice then would you give to people looking to get into a career in data management either in the broad scheme of things, because it's a very broad scope of data management but or to a specific data job? Yeah, well, I think there's data everywhere you go, whether you're, you know, at at home or in the workplace. And my advice to people is roll up your sleeves and dig in. And so if you've got that curiosity factor, if you want to get into the data business, get familiar with Microsoft Excel as a starting point, pull up a spreadsheet from your business, ask around, find that data and dig in and start looking at the trends and the patterns and what's happening with the business or what's happening with the numbers or what's happening with the data inside your enterprise and ask questions, be curious, do analysis. And as you go through that process, you're going to build a set of insights on what you believe is happening with the business or the data, and that insight is something that's valuable. And so as you essentially create that insight and you share that insights with higher ups within the organization, those insights will be valuable and well received from others. And I think from there, it's off to the races and you're going to find yourself having a job for life in the analyzing data. Oh, I love that. So it sounds like, you know, anywhere you are, you can just start really being aware of what data you're creating, what data you're using and start asking and use that curiosity to find out what other people are using to build those insights. So you don't even have to have data in your job title to start a career in data management. That's right. No, I think there's so many jobs now that are related to data, whether that's an analyst, a business analyst, a data analyst, a business operations. There's most titles in the in the in the in corporations today, you're touching and analyzing data. And, you know, we have these amusing conversations inside our company on a regular basis that says, well, you know, marketing has some data people and IT has some data people and business units and sales and HR and everybody is hiring people that are interesting, interested in data. They have some technical skills and data analysis and they're looking to build insights and understanding from the data that's there. And so we say, well, how can we connect the individuals across the company to create communities of practice, have them share insights with one another in addition to the higher levels of management? And so there's really just an ongoing trend of data because, again, go back to the explosion of data and you want to understand what's the signal? What's the message? What's the narrative at the end of the day that's happening? If you understand the business and what trajectory the business is going into, you need people to really spend the time to pay attention to the details of what's happening in the business. And that's where the data analysis comes in. And I think it's just a great opportunity for everybody to roll up their sleeves there. I love it. So, and Chris, when you're hiring for your team, you know, who are working with customers and their data and is there a specific skill set that you're looking for? Is what is it that you look for when you're? Well, I think there's probably a couple of skill sets that I've probably already mentioned and then maybe a new one that I'll throw in. I think the curiosity is really important. I think the analytical skills are critical, right? So you have to want to know answers, right? And you have to ask questions and ask questions on a regular basis. You have to have the technical knowledge to play with the data and to understand what the data means. But then I think people's skills are also really important. And that might be surprising, I think, in the type of a data job. But the question is, what do you do with that data once it comes out of the database? Once you've analyzed it, once you've figured out some things. Well, you need to not sit on that data and put it into a chat box. You need to call people. You need to talk to other people in different organizations and you need to see on that curiosity. And if you're a data analyst in sales and you see something that marketing or operations or IT might want to know about, you need to communicate with those other individuals. And so I think those people's skills, interaction and that curiosity factor combined with the analytical skills are probably the top three things that I think are important in a data job. I love that. Such great advice. And you're right, people's skills are so important. Communication is so important. We forget that sometimes we're working with numbers. Just want to get lost in the data. I have done that myself many a time. Well, Chris, thank you. I want to. So I would be remiss if I didn't ask, you know, if somebody wanted to solicit the services of Rocket Software, where would they go? How would they find you? The best place to go is rocketsoftware.com. And we've got a wonderful new website, a great new branding and logo that we're really proud of. We've been sponsoring the rock, the Boston Red Sox recently, which is really fun, how much data is in baseball? I mean, that's an interesting thing. Yeah, some of the data folks at our company have been talking to me about. So that's a really interesting part of the overall story. Software.com, we welcome you to come take a look.  So many stats in baseball, so many. So then the Red Sox, is that your favorite team? Yeah, as a Bostonian. You have to be. Die Hard. Absolutely. Is it I think it's a city law, right? I mean, you really it's it's you're not very welcome in Boston if you're not a local fan. I know Boston Red Sox fans here in Oregon, who are still so very Die Hard. It's great. I love it. It's a great community. Well, Chris, thank you so much. Anything else you want to add? It's really been a pleasure to be on the podcast, Jan. And I really appreciate it. A great conversation. I just wish there would be many more folks in the in the data type of roles because there's so much of it. And we just need all the insights we can get. And it's a lot of fun. And so really encourage anybody that's interested to roll up their sleeves and dig in. I love it. Think great advice, Chris. Thank you so much for taking the time to talk with us today. Right. And to all of our listeners out there, if you'd like to keep up to date in the latest podcast and the latest in data management education, you may go to dataversity.net forward slash subscribe. Until next time, stay curious, everyone. Thank you for listening to Dataversity Talks, a podcast brought to you by Dataversity. Subscribe to our newsletter for podcast updates and information about our free educational webinars at dataversity.net forward slash subscribe.


When the narcissist sees your life improving without them, when they see your life getting better, When they see you becoming happier and healthier without them, how do they react to it? How does it make them feel? When the narcissist sees your life improving without them, it makes them feel very jealous. They feel like you are taking something away from them. Something that rightfully belongs to them, because narcissists have a strong sense of entitlement. They believe they have a right to everything you've established, even if you did it without them. They are envious of your achievements and advantages, and they want to take it all away from you. They are fiercely protective of their own rights and possessions, and they see you as an object that exists to serve them. They see you as something that belongs to them, so when you go off on your own, and your life begins to improve without them, they feel like they've just been robbed. They feel like you've stolen something from them, which they think gives them the right to take it from you, or to sabotage whatever you've established on your own, even if they were the ones to discard you. In their distorted minds, they still feel entitled to you. They feel like they can come back whenever they choose to, and pick up where they left off, but they're only coming back because they want a piece of the pie. They want to partake in the fruits of your labor after you did all of the work, and you went through everything you went through. Now they want to come back and act like they were with you all along, as though they invested something into it. So now they're looking for a payout. When they never did anything for you, if anything, they were an inconvenience in your life. They set you back, and it was only when they left that you then had the time and energy to improve your life.  When they were never invested in you, they were never interested in building anything with you, because they never wanted to see you succeed. When the narcissist is always monitoring you, they're not looking to see any signs of improvement. They want to witness your misfortune. It gives them satisfaction to learn of, or witness your troubles, failures, or humiliation. It makes them feel better about their own lives. But when they come back, and they see that you're happy and doing better without them, it eats away at them. They get very jealous. They will always have some demeaning remark for you. They will always have something negative to say about your success, because they're very insecure. They see your success as a threat, and they were always jealous of you, even before your life started to improve, because all they see is the finished product. They're not looking at everything you did to get to where you are today. They're not thinking about all of the hard work you put in. So in their minds, it's unfair. In their minds, you are not deserving of what you have. They see it as though you're unkind and considerate or unreasonable. They see it as though you're selfish, when really, they are the ones who are selfish. For watching you go through it all on your own, without ever stepping in to assist you. And then when you finally rise from the ashes, that's when they return to collect. When you are dealing with a narcissist, there's nothing you can say to justify your success. There's nothing you can do to get them to see all of the hard work you put in. Because they're only thinking about themselves. They're only thinking about how they can benefit from the situation. And when you try to explain this to them, no matter how right you may be, it just triggers their shame. It causes a narcissistic injury. And then they get very angry, because narcissists are very competitive, which causes them to become ruthless and merciless, where they will do anything to get what they want, while having no pity or compassion for you. When the narcissist sees your life improving without them, they get very jealous. And if they do come back, they will come back with their hands out. But even if they don't return, they will be plotting behind the scenes. They will be smearing your name and trying to find ways to reign on your parade. Thank you for watching. I hope this video resonated with you. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. If you would like to donate, my PayPal link is in the video description. Coaching Inquiries. You can email me at coaching.naxiv.uk Thank you for watching and I'll talk to you soon.