The new Netflix avatar series comes out this week and that scares me just saying it. I'm a big fan of the original animated series. I even like Korra quite a bit, hated the movie that came out and I am very concerned that Netflix is handling this because their track record with movies is terrible and TV shows is very hit and miss. Let's talk about some of these things for a bit. So the original series ran 61 episodes over three books and they are amazing from beginning to end with barely a misfire. There's maybe one or two episodes that I would say. Eh, you could skip it. It's kind of a filler episode. But there hasn't been a show to my knowledge outside of maybe Breaking Bad where it's just consistently banger after banger and these characters and the story just gets better and better as it goes on. The first book focuses on the water tribe then we go to the earth tribe and we end with fire where the lead hero angle square off against the fire lord. Again, outside of Breaking Bad, Avatar the Last Airbender, I say this as a grown-ass man, might be my second favorite show full stop from beginning to end. It just nails it. That ending is fantastic. It gives fans exactly what they want. It doesn't feel pandering though. It just naturally goes the way that you want it to. What else is amazing about this show is it manages to do the thing Hollywood so often screws the pooch on which is making these strong female lead characters. I often mock it by going strong female leads. Whenever a cringy new trailer comes out that promotes it so heavily and for Hollywood, it's about time. But when they do it right it isn't something they have to preach and sing about and pat themselves on the back. If we look at Avatar the Last Airbender almost all the main protagonists, all the really interesting characters are female. Katara, the water tribe, waterbender is fantastic. She's the sound mother of the group that keeps people on track, keeps a calm head for the most part and will develop an amazing relationship with Aang. Then there's Toph, the earthbender who's a badass, strongest earthbender around, manages to create a new type of bend altogether. Then there's of course the Kiyoshi Warriors, Azula, one of the secondary antagonists who later becomes basically the primary antagonist with her two female Fatal friends. This show is so freaking good because it manages to write characters different and uniquely and impressively and doesn't pander to any certain demographic. It even has a wise uncle with sage advice, Uncle Iroh, probably the best character in the show. I mean fireball to the head, I think I might pick him first. His relationship with his nephew Prince Zuko, no words. No words can describe the pure joy that it brings me when that final season comes together. If you haven't watched Avatar, the Last Airbender, do yourself a favor and check it out immediately. I beg you, I honestly do. It really is one of those shows that after three or four episodes, if you're not completely hooked, I just don't think you have a pulse. This brings us to the Avatar film by M. Night Shyamalan. A director that I don't even hate. I actually, sometimes I think he's great, other times I think he completely misses. Every time though, I will go watch his movies because I do respect the hell of a guy who's willing to do completely different things. And M. Night Shyamalan is so much different than any other director out there. You know a Shyamalan film when you see it. Mainly because the characters all act like robots for the most part. They don't emote ever in his films. They're so dry all the time. He's not a character director. He's more about the scenarios, the scenery, the mind fucks and things like that. So when you give a guy like this avatar, a TV show, you know for families, excuse younger of course, it's animated, it was on Nickelodeon. And this is a guy that comes from the sixth sense, unbreakable. Like this is just such a poor fit, especially when avatar is a big scale show. It gets bigger and bigger as the seasons progress. M. Night's a very small scale director. His movies are typically just around four or five main characters, usually in kind of a smaller environment.  Old takes place pretty much just on a beach. So giving him this huge world that he has to play in was such a huge mistake, especially with avatar where it is character driven first and foremost. He did the opposite with almost every character on the show. Not only did he race swap half of them, they also just lost their personality along the way. He doesn't even know to pronounce Aang. They call him Aang throughout the movie. And it's not just one character. Everybody does it. Aang, are you okay Aang? Aang?  And then there's the, um, the bending. It ranges from somewhat cool to dear gods, what the hell is that? My favorite is when there's a group of like five earthbenders and they're like And then just a pebble goes by.  What teamwork? What's Blender? And the other problem is he's fitting an entire season into one movie. Condensing like 20 episodes down into an hour and 45 minute film just does not sit well. It's one thing to take a book where we don't have any visualization of it to begin with and in pairing it down to a movie and obviously you take creative liberties with it. It's another to go right off of a show where you have 20 episodes and you condense that down, but you still hit every plot point from the show that you can. And so at one point it's great. Aang in the seasons gets kidnapped a lot, especially in season one by Zuko. But this is spread out over many, many hours of showtime. But in the movie they still had all those major plots. So Aang's captured three times over the course of an hour and 45 minutes. And by the third time even Katara turns over to her brother and says, Aang's been captured again.   So the animated show, Massive Success, the movie, which is just called The Last Airbender, they couldn't actually say Avatar because James Cameron trademarked the rights to use it because of the movie. Even though the Avatar TV show came out before the movie, it's James Cameron. He does what James Cameron wants. When Netflix announced years ago they were doing a live action TV show, eight episodes to start of the original animated show with the show runners coming back, I thought to myself, no, I've already seen what Disney has done with all these live-action remakes. They're trash for the most part. Nine times out of ten, they're miserable or mediocre. The only one I thought was actually good was the Jungle Book. And that's because it's basically nothing like the original. It was its own thing. And even though the show runners are coming back, I just think to myself, why? You had a perfect run to start with. There's no way to top it. There's no way to do it. So why do it at all? And then it was announced that they left it. They had a difference in opinion with where it was going and they left the show, which really made me pause and say, okay, what are we doing here? Now you might be asking yourself, well, why do you care, Adam? You don't have to watch it. Just let it exist and you have your original show and that's that. The reason I care, and I feel like I have to explain this every time is Hollywood only greenlights so much. These studios only greenlight so much a year. And when there is a trendset and when they see the money coming in, it just puts out a really bad playbook for people to follow. Oh, look at this. The Lion King is the top ten highest grossing movie of all time. That's actually true. The live-action, which is still animated. Lion King is one of the highest grossing movies of all time. Now they're doing a prequel, Mufasa. DreamWorks looks at that and says, well, we could do that with how to train your dragon. We could definitely do that and they are. Now they're going to make a live-action, how to train your dragon.  We'll see a Frozen at some point. You know we will. And there's the Avatar animated series getting its live-action show. So the reason I'm annoyed with it is because it's already sucking more creativity out of the industry. It's already going these safe routes instead of saying, hey, why don't we green light new stuff? Why don't we tell new stories? Why don't we keep the stuff that's already phenomenal where it's at instead of trying to make that lightning strike twice, which is almost impossible. Those are just my concerns. Now it is very possible that this could be a great show. We'll find out very soon. I don't typically cover TV shows very much unless it's something I'm really into. This might be one of those instances where I take a look at the show and let you know what I thought about it. So if you are interested in hearing about those thoughts or you just like me talking movies in general, I know this was more TV show based, but this is a movie channel. It's Adam Dizmovies. Feel free to like the video, subscribe for more, hit the notification bell.  There's a couple of dollars you can say, hey Adam, good job. Keep it going. Or become a member on Patreon or right here on YouTube join. There's a lot of ways to support this one man operation. Hopefully you find it in you. Otherwise, hopefully you just find yourself here next time. All right, take care.


Hello everybody, and welcome to this week's Everton show. As you can see myself and Ian Snowden have swapped our usual recording space at USM Finch Farm for one of the most iconic sporting venues on the planet, you could say, entry race course, the home of the Grand National this weekend. It's a fabulous place not, isn't it? Absolutely fantastic. I've been here several occasions especially on Grand National Day as well. Many years when we used to play early morning kick-offs and then come to the game as well. Ac oedd dweud i, cymd publishing, iawn! Hold, dyma'r bod yn cael y blynyddio gweithio fydd iawn. Dwiw ddim yn cael ei ddim yn ei ddweud allan robots, ond mae'r rhan maesownol yn y fath. Yna, rydyn nhw'n dweud... Mae yna ymlaen ůf, gallwn yn ddweud yn cael fath, mae'r rhino ddweud, rwy'n cael ei ddweud. A'r rhan maesownol hynny, a so ei ddyn nhw'n dweud. Dwi'n cael ei ddweud a'r hawm yn cael ei ddweud o hynny. Yn ddigon nhw'n gweithio, dyna'n gweithio'r wyf yn gallu'r cyffredinol, ond rwy'n rhan o'r gwbl y gallwn. Yr hyn, mae'n gyfrifio ar hyn y cas, a'r ddweud yng Nghrifredin Cymru. Felly, rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio ar yr hyn? Rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio ar hyn. Rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio ar hyn. Rwy'n gweithio ar hyn, Ac rwy'n gweithio ar hyn, ac fewn i'n gweithio'n gweithio ar hyn. Bwysig wrth gwaith cyntaf oes o bobl yma, a dyna'n ni'n gweithio ar fer?! Wel, ein bod o'r acesio maesaf o bwysig ddechrau ar Bunihau i'r digits yna mae'r ffordd y Merseysi ar Darbyn. Rhyw beth yw ni'n rodio yma. Mae'r siwr eich falch o'r gwybod flwyddinte. Mae'r bwysig yn cael ei dddefnyddio ar gael. Mae'r amser rhaid i gyd ymddangos yn 10 o 15 yma, wrth gwrdd wedi gweld o gymryd a llwyddo'r 10 o 15. Yna rhai fydde, nid rhai o enw i ddweud o'r gwaith, mae gennych yn ladieswyr yn cadw ar gyfer y ddoll Dabi, ondo gyda'n gobyl. Rwy'n meddwl i'w Michael King i ddweud gennych y gyrfa. Dwi'n mynd i'n Albanio'n gweithio. Mae gennych chi'n dwir i ysgrifoedd y teimlo'r g ceiling gwirio mewn climbing o fel Jagie Elgar a Michael King. Ond rwy'n meddwl i'n gwirio'n ei sgol i i ddeddo i dyma ar yr adrodau Cambodia. Mae wedi gwneud i'n wneud i chi'n wneud i'r gyfer y clwym. Ac piwg ddylech, rwy'n rwy'n ddwy i gyntaf eu lle. Rwy'n ddylech, ddylech yn credu gan nagwyd. Er gyd wedi bod wedi meddwl yn linell. Cynydd wnaeth Michael effaith yma ar derbyn cymaint flwyddyn yn hyn ardi? Yew, gallw'n gallu rhoi. Mae gynhyrch yn ymlaen i Gwilir Jagi Elcar. Mae'r cymhreith. Roedd yn gallu chi'n gwneud i chi yn allan yn dod, ac yn ddiw i'n gallu'n cerddio i eithaf syniadau llaw yma. A yna wedi'n gallu Llew Sigurd? Felly dyna'w flow-weld ac'a gair. Felly honno'n gobeithio gyrdd, au fydda i'n gweithio am gael ddeftar Richardnegol. Felly mae gennych hopeth gweithio fel y kilo. Fel Jagg Jelker o'r game gan gynhyrchu chi wedi cael ddim yn ziwbod Morgan Schneidelin. Maen nhw'n ddigonion o'r cyspafio'r cyllid yma, ond ni gwybod yn cael ei gynhyrch yn ddaw yn ddechrau Gwyrd-Dars ac yn gweithio i'r ddechrau Morgan Schneidelin. Mae wedi cael ei ddorol i chi'n ddibyn nhw. Mae'n ddych chi'n rhaid i'n ceisio rai rydych chi'n cael ei hyn a'r gynnyddu'r bobl anffreddol drots C'u bryd i'r pethau'r hyffordd o'r tympanner, rwy fyddo i'r tymp er mwyn Gallwch chi'n meddwl i'r hyffordd o morgan. Rwy'n meddwl chi'n ei gweld yn cael ei ddweud, ond rydyn ni'n gallu'n dtu'r Llywodraeth llawer o'r Ar限 Onw'r wel o agorau arfer. ac mae'n cael ei wneud bwysig yn dweud o'ch bod yn ysgrifennu'n ei gil ar y cyfanyddol. Dyma'n gwybod, Snodd i'n gwybod i'n ddysgu eich bod yn eithaf gweld. Snodd, mae'r gweithio'r gyrdd o'r ddaf yn ymgyrchol gyda ffynishing post a chi, felly mae'n oed yn ei ddweud o'r ffynisiadau eu fath. Felly mae'n cael ei ddweud o'r peth o'i bwysig ysgrifennu. A dych chi'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio i'r gweithio eich bod yn dweud o'r gweithio. mae'r ddweud hynny'n ddweud am ddweud ddweud a'r ddechrau'n cyd-dweud i'w prysgwyr sinhau. Dwi'n mynd i'ch eistedd. Rydyn ni'n fawr i ddechrau ym Mhongor. Mae'r horsau i'r ddweud yn fawr yn cael eu ddweud i'r ddweud ymlaen. Cynnyddio'r dyfodol yn y ddweud o'r ddweud o'r ddweud i'w ddweud. Le'w'n cael ei gwein o'r ddweud i'w ddweud i'w ddweud i'w ddweud i'r ddweud. Mae'n fawr i'w rhan i'w'r santo ar y blynyddiaeth. Yn dylunio'r llawd, mae'r llawd yn cael ei gwybwyr. A dyna'r Big Event. Mae yna'n gwybwyr yn yr unigau a'r llawd. Mae'r wych yn ymgyrch i'r llawd. Awn ni'n gwneud gwybwyr yn ychwaneg. Mae'r iawn i'r llawd yn cael ei gwybwyr. Mae'r iawn i'r llawd yn cael ei gwybwyr, mae'r iawn i'r llawd yn cael ei gwybwyr, ond mae'r llawd yn cael ei gwybwyr. o'r Gweinidion Gweinidion, eich tynnu i'ch bod gennym ar hynny, ac mae'n cael y bwysig yn ymgyrchau ar gyfer o'r Gweinidion. Fe'n fwy o'r i'r gweinidion gweinidion, oherwydd mae'n gwahanol o'r Gweinidion Gweinidion. Yn fwy o gweinidion o'r Cyfrifau, ond hynny'n gweinidion i'r gyfrifau i'r cyfrifau, a'i sydw i'r Gweinidion i'r gweinidion, mae'n gweinidion beidio i'r gwahanol o'r gweinidion. darlo'n cael gwybodaeth, mae e'n gweithio i'r Fit am gweithio'r Gweithio a'r Ffyrdiol. Mae'n cael gweithio'n gweithio. Mae'n cael gweithio i'r gweithio. Mae mi fyddech chi'n gallu gweithio arall. Mae'n gweithio'n cael ei fod yn rhoi'n ddal o'r ffyrdd ymlaen. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio, lle mae'n gweithio oherwydd mae'n gweithio i'r ffyrdd o'r ardal. Byddai ni wel我覺得 당신 yn gwbagi'r gwaith a'r gyflawni amdano maen nhw'r meddwl. Mae'r cyffredinol wedi gwneud allan. Mae'r cyffredinol yn gyflawni gofyn nhw a'n gwahanol i'r gyflawni amgylcheddol, ac mae'n ei gŵr. Mae'n gweithio iawn o'r gyflawni a'r gwnddoch. Mae'n gweithio iawn i gŵr, ac mae'n gweithio i mwyn o wnnerau. mae'n gweithio gennym rheoli. Felly mae maen nhw'n cael ei hun, Fe wnaeth eich bod yn bwysig. Mae'r amser, mae'n bwysig ychydig yn'r bod yn yr hyn. Felly mae'r taith yn y Gweithgrifennid. Mae'n ymgyrch arddangosiaeth yma. Mae'r gwirionedd yn ddiwedd. Mae'n gwybod i wybod a'r gwirionedd, ac mae wedi'u gyfnod o'r dyfnod, mae mae'n i'r gwasanaeth i gyflwydoedd. Fe wnaeth yng Nghymru. Mae'r hanes gwrs rydyn ni wedi'u gyda'r palau mewn Donnie, ac mae'n ei gweithio. Ond ni'n i gael y 85 – hi'n cael ei ffordd i chiên, ond nes i gael eich ticip. Ond ni'n gael ei ffordd i chi. Felly ni'n cael ei ffordd i chi. Ond oedd a'n wench yn llaw arall, ond nid yng ngweithio leirio Llywodraeth a Llywodraeth ei wneud. Yn nesaf, ond myfPrwyd ni'n skelodau, yn Llywodraeth. Yn yma'r i gwerthfawr ni'n ceisioill. Yn yma'r pwyllt iddiwys i'r gwybod, angen i gael 40 oedd cwrs, Rydyzzo'r rhannu gwirionedd ac mae'n mynd i am dynion i Gwasanaeth Oath, mae'n cyntaf Tygar-O i'r hyn o'n meddwl. Mae'n mynd i'r cyffredig yn gwirionedd ac mae'n mynd i'r hyffredig wedi'i ei hoffa. Rwy'n clorol, roi'r cyffredig, mae mae hi ar gyfer gyffredig yn gwirionedd o'r rhannu jam yn mawr. Ond mae'n cyffredig yn gwirionedd ac mae'n mynd i'n mynd i'r cyffredig yn gwirionedd ar gyfer gyffredig yn gwirionedd. Rwy'n ferchai'n ddefnyddio'r Arun o'r gwahau gydywyr yn gyfoesio'r Ysgolart. Yn gallu parwyd o'r Arun o arun o'r Gweinwch? Rwy'n credu o'r Arun. A chi'n gwahau'n rhan o'r byw yn gofyn yn d 보여드�io'r arwihau pan wedi'i gweithio'r arun o'r awr o'r byd er mwyn. Mae'r arwihau'r arwihau yn oed yn mewn gwahau cofnig, yn gyfyrdd o'r dyfnod o'r awr i chi'n gweithio'r Gwyrdd ddim. Er mwyn ar gyfer ddechrau, mae'r ar Mi's yn un n feministea, a mae hwn i'n rhan o'n gweithio. Mae gennym eich ddangos faint yn ardal. Mae'r ddangos mae'n ddangos y flwyddyn i'r ysgrifennol. Well, one of the most looked forward to days on the calendar down at USM Finch Farm is when the young boys of the academy get the opportunity to train with the first team early this week. Sam Allardyce took his first team squad of players across for what we call academy day. One of the best days in our programme is an opportunity for the island of six to eleven to train with the first team. That's the name of the game that's for us to try and get players down to the first team. Days like today we iterate that success when we see players we've been at our end. Come all the way through and then come back down as first team players. They are living, reading, and inspiring to us. I couldn't call us a player. So now that you've been at Finch Farm for these academy days, and they're fantastic aren't they? Brilliant. The players look forward to it. We know that young kids do. Now they get excited. But the players do. I remember Sylvan Diston when he was at the club. He absolutely loved going and sharing a five side game or a red tennis game with the kids. But I think it's so important that the kids interact with the first team as well. Some of them are their heroes. So he's a fantastic day for both first team and the academy kids. It's one of the real advantages of being at Finch Farm, isn't it? Having everybody under one roof. Yeah, because you see even the parents of the young kids are looking to see if they can see any of the first team around Finch Farm. So they get excited as well. But to have their kids actually training with Wayne Rooney's.  It must be fantastic. The likes of Benny Benningamy and John Joe Kenny, their picture is on the wall at USM Finch Farm on the other side of it. They've been there this week as part of the first team squad but they've been on the academy side of it as star-struck kids. And it just shows to these kids that are in the academy what they can do, where they can progress to. Because the two we have mentioned, Benny and John Joe, are having fantastic careers at event football club. Benny came on in the Merseyside Derby. John Joe's played a good few games when Sheamus was out as well. So, yeah, it's great to see that progression from academy to first team. That's what the goal got to inspire to. Is it good for the coaches as well because you know all the coaches personally, they put an awful lot of hard work in. So it's nice for them to have a day like that as well. It is. That's why they're there to see young academy kids progress to the first team. They give them their knowledge, the coaching knowledge as well. But, yeah, you can see the coaches smiling and enjoying the day as much as all the players that are involved. So it's just a fantastic day for everybody. That's just about it for part one of this week's Everton show. Don't go too far away though because after this short break, we will be reuniting Sam Allardice with a current employee at Finch Farm who he released as a young teenager when he was a youth coach at Preston North End. Don't miss that one. Welcome back to part two of this week's Everton show myself and Ian Snowden are here at entry race course. Now back at USM Finch Farm, not many Evertonians will be overly familiar with the name Danny Webb. He's the hardworking kitman at the Everton Academy. But when he was a teenager, he had hopes and dreams of becoming a professional footballer. He was in the youth team at Preston North End. That was until the youth coach at Preston North End let him go. That youth coach was Sam Allardice. We reunited the pair earlier this week and this is what happened when Sam met Dan. Obviously it took me 25 years to catch up with the boss and he got me in a room at Deepdale and he said unfortunately, instead of saying him, he said unfortunately John Beck doesn't fancy him. I've walked out calling John Beck fit to Ben and I've never said a bad word against the government. It was fantastic at the time for me to be playing especially under Sam obviously. He learned to us a lot, he knew the score, he spoke very highly of what he was. One of his things he used to say to us was go and watch the Italian football. That's right, that's right. It was free as well, that's why I said it. You didn't have to pay for it like you mean. It was particularly popular then. I used to have my dad on the roof with his umbrella, trying to get the satellite signal. It was all free but he made us go home and watch the Italian football of a Sunday. Again, because the gaffer is so knowledgeable, he made us go home and we took notes on that and that sort of put into our team that we were playing with on a Sunday. He was obviously a man you listened to then, even all the way back then? Very much so, until he chased me. I couldn't catch you though, not then. We used to hang on all the young players, we had some good young players. We did, we did. Obviously, the boss' knowledge was second to none.  We did. David Lucas, McClellan, midfield player dim i. You know what I mean? Some lads that went on then, yeah. Dale worked under the boss and they did obviously took whatever he spoke about and went on and had better careers than me. Sounds like it was a really important time in your transition from playing to management because you've had to spell over in Ireland, but then you had that time working with the young lads at Preston before going on to Blackpool, didn't you? Yeah, I was very happy with that at the moment. As long as I was in football, that was fine by me, and then I ended up getting the call because Fortune Les Chapman, who was my big mate, got sat tonight and got put in charge as caretaker manager so I had to leave that role for a while and then go back to youth team coach again. In the end, the calling was always a manager for me but that experience of Preston North End and the experience of managing young teams helped you along the way for me, helped me become a better coach, a better manager and a better person to deal with in the end what were senior players. All I've done is have the greatest life I could have possibly wished for after I left school, so the worst time of my life was school, so the best time of my life was after it and there are too many people who can say that, but in the end I was the teacher and I hope I've passed a lot of good things on to a lot of players, both young and in the teams in the first team and even when they get older, there's always something you can learn. That was just a bit of fun down at USF, I think Danny Webb waited a long time for an explanation. Did you ever come across any coaches later in your career when you'd made it who'd let you go as a kid? Released as a kid, that's to be of yourself. Never been released. I tell a lie, I got a free transfer from Everton. Joe Royal let me go to... I've met him once a year. I met Big Joe and asked him why and he's still not given me the reason yet, but now he's brilliant for Danny but I've seen Danny play as well. I can understand why Big Sam released him as well to be honest. No arguments from you on that. There must have been lots of coaches along the way who helped you progress. Actually, I was calling Arvy for instance. I thought he was an outstanding coach but in my younger career when I was 16 getting in the Doncaster first team, obviously the manager was the great Billy Bremner who did all his coaching and his management. He had a coach but he used to do it all Bremner as all managers used to do and I owe so much to him from getting in the first team at 16 to making me captain at 18 at Doncaster. We're a big, big thing then. That was an incredible decision for a manager to make. Yeah it was. A young boy of captaincy at 18 at that level with so many I would imagine hard and pros. Yeah they were. We were third and fourth division then, old third and fourth division and there were a lot of very senior pros. My brother were three years older than me sorry and he was in the team. I think he saw a bit of steel in me a bit of aggression and a voice. I weren't scared to raise my voice at 18-year-old so yeah I think I'm not saying he made the right decision at 18 because it did take a lot. It really did act to take it all in at once at 18 but act to do loads of radio interviews as well at that time so it made me grow very, very quickly. Swansea City for the first team this weekend so what are you expecting there? I'm expecting a difficult game. They've certainly improved under the new manager which I've found really a little bit strange because he's not done brilliantly in these latest year with Sheffield Wednesday they were kind of half-way mid-tablish and then he got the Swansea job in the Premier League so I'm quite surprised but I think he's got the players playing for him they've got a smile on the face and it'd be a difficult game but that's one of them games that I think everyone should not be scared of going down there and coming back with three points I'm expecting three points from there sadly. Whenever you and I do the commentary we always look at the two team sheets when they pass to us and who would you take from the opposition and with all due respect to Swansea and Carlos Carverhal has done a great job there he has to have things around but there aren't many of anything you can take are there? We've got their best player, Gylffy Singleton I believe and look at them and any players for me that I would put in Everton's team so why shouldn't we go down there why shouldn't we go and express ourselves and come back with three points as I said I'm expecting a victory down there. Five games ago this season it's been a topsy-turvy campaign for Everton but one of the big plus points has been the form of Jordan Pickford this is his take on the trip to South Wales. Coming off a good result on Saturday all waveforms picked up recently so now we've got to go and get as many wins as we can in the last five games and all five winnable games so why not go win five but like you say it starts with Swansea we take each game out as it comes it's going to be a tough test because they're struggling down there and they'll be fighting for their lives so we've just got to be ready to come for it. How important to match the intensity because like you say Swansea are going to be really up for this aren't they? Yeah we just need to do what we can do and hopefully that's enough to beat Swansea and we've got the ability to throw out the squad to win. Having spoken for so long about getting away when having got it at Stoke now what will that do for your confidence going away from home for the first time again? Yeah we know it was just getting a couple of things and whenever we knew getting one away a win is going to be crucial for us and to get at Stoke probably from the worst places to go to get a result in the Premier League and to get that result was massive and now we're going to build on that. Just on your season as a whole the fans have really taken to you on a personal level it's been very positive hasn't it? Yeah I always give me 100% each game and as a lad growing up wanting to be a footballer you've got to enjoy playing football and as long as you give your best that's all you can do and I like to interact with the fans and that's how I hopefully get the good relationship with them. Five games to go Snods we're nearly there and it's been a good debut season at the football club for Jordan Pickford. I think he's been a great signing if I'm to be honest I think he's a young lad he's got bags and bags of potential for me I hope he starts in the World Cup. That's a double-edged sword isn't it? It is yeah because you always tend to think don't get injured during the competition for any outfield player, keeper but I just think since he arrived at the club he's become a big part of the club he's great around the dressing rooms he's great at Finch Farm and he's a likable character and he's a winner that's what I like in him most he's a winner when shots come in at him and he saves them he has a go and no matter if he's wearing a runy full-jaggy, alkyle, leiton, bains or any of the young lad he's always first to have a moan at him Do you like his temperaments as well? Yeah I do he's great he takes everything in his stride and in the Derby game he's produced another couple of great saves and nothing's too no games too big for him and I think he's been a terrific, terrific sign Is he your player of the season? I don't like making my keeper the player of the year but I think he is I think some of his performances have been outstanding some of these saves yeah you can count the mistakes on one hand that he's made this season so for me I think he's a definite front runner What about the other end? What's been your goal of the season? Well there's two stand out for me Guilffy Sigurdson in the Europa Cup and Wayne Rooney's against West Ham and if I'm perfectly honest two fantastic goals I've never even had a shot like any of them two but Wayne's for me the way he came back to me and the way he struck it was absolutely perfect I know the few might go for Guilffy but for me Wayne's technique on that one was outstanding Anti-completer heart trick Yeah brilliant him coming back to Everton scoring an heart trick and a goal like that just caps it all for me So that's your player of the season your goal of the season just remind everybody who to avoid in the Grand National Tiger Role I don't avoid it everybody I'm telling you Tiger Role Gordon Elliott David Russell riding I'm sure Tiger Role's going to win the national Tiger Role is not a tip Gasline boy is my tip and I won it last year and that's just about it for this week's Everton show thank you very much indeed for joining us here at Entry Racecourse good luck with whatever you bet on and let's hope we can celebrate with the Grand National win and three points at Swansea do join us next week You've been watching the Everton show on YouTube thank you very much indeed for joining us I hope you've enjoyed it I'm sure you have don't forget to subscribe and that way you can catch every single future episode


What is going on guys, welcome back to the channel and I appreciate you being here. Today I bring you another Destiny Top 5 video and today we have WTF moments and some of these are truly what the f**k moments. But before we get into that people, I want to tell you about a little giveaway I am giving away every single month to reward my loyal subs. Every month I am giving away a fully customisable controller. You can customise it to however you want. Xbox, Playstation and it will be sent worldwide so it doesn't matter where you are. To enter the giveaway simply like this video and drop a comment down below and click the gleam link within the video description. Simple, easy and legit. Good luck you sexy bastards but let's get straight into this top 5. In the number 5 we have a clip sent in by the Monic Nuisance. Imagine this was in the early days of Destiny 1.  Oh we have a clip sent in by 052 EL. What's more random than killing yourself with a sleeper? Well this random wall bounce kill is for sure. Here we have Destiny's Khalifa.  He's dead. Nice one. Told you man it's easy. Told you guys. Nice. You said that's hard. Yeah trust me. You said that's hard. Alright. You're welcome man. Thank Jamil. Jamil was the one that helped you guys a lot. Jamil. Jamil means beautiful.  What is going on right now? Is he going to chuck it at me? Did we just get screwed over? Oh that's one. Where's the chest?  Yo what's going to happen this year? Oh no way we're going to get screwed over. Oh my god. Oh my god.   In at number two we have a clip sent in by Ink Badassuri. This is one of the best saves you are ever likely to see. Also the luckiest.  No way.  Oh my god. Oh my god.  I'll tell you you use it. Yeah. Number one we have a clip sent in by Slayer 272. So they fail level six but level seven miraculously starts up and then glitches and just gives them the chest. Okay again why don't you ever thought this kind of luck on my way.  But guys that is the end of this top five. If you enjoyed the video leaving a like truly helps me out. If you have any amazing clip to send in send it into the email address linked within the top of the video description. But guys thanks as always for stopping by and hopefully I will see you on that next one.


All right, hey guys. Here I wanted to show you what you could do with some of those fabric scrap embellishments we've been working on. So here I'm literally at a little tray table because all of my work surfaces in my office are full of fabric scraps and sewing machines and bits and pieces and craziness. So anyway, we're at this little tray table and I've got my magazine journals here and I've got them all made and covered except for the spine which I left to last. I'm using YesPaste not only because it's a really strong PVA sort of book binding glue, but because it has a long drying time, a long working time and I can really play with pushing the fabric around without worrying it's gonna dry on there too quickly and I'm gonna hate it. If you don't know what a magazine journal is, I will link a couple of videos in the description below including the video live stream recording from the originator who is Dee Dee William. I think she's Inkwell here on YouTube and a couple of my friends who have followed suit and we all find her technique for this fascinating. So we're all kind of doing the same thing as her following her idea, following her lead if you will. So I went ahead and made mine and now I'm taking one of my strips of fabric scrap embellishment and I'm gonna decorate the front edge of the spine. I could leave it there with the plain canvas. I did cover it with the plain canvas but I wanted to just pretty it up just a little bit.  I do have a boo-boo there on my front cover. I don't know what happened, something wet got on it. So I'm taking another little piece of halfway art and I'm putting that on the cover and see you already have these pieces done and ready and ready to go so that when you work on a piece like this you can just quickly add them on and decorate your page or a journal cover and have something really interesting. So that was really quick and easy and I'm just, yeah, I'm just getting all the little extra globs of glue off and then set that aside. Now YesPaste does take a really long time to dry so you have to leave it overnight. I have another one there that I wanna do. One of them is a magazine like Didi uses in her video. This one here is actually one of those financial statement books that you get in the mail every once in a while when you have financial investment kind of thing going on or 401K or whatever and this one was pretty thick and made out of actually nice paper which is not the norm. So I thought, huh, that would be interesting to use that and it's just full of text in the background so it would be interesting to use. So I glued it together and I covered it with some random scrapbooking paper that I just had in my stash. I'm actually not sure where that scrapbooking paper came from. I don't remember buying it. Might have come in Happy Mail, I don't remember and I'm gonna cover the spine with another piece of the plain canvas that I have and these are just scraps and things that I had. I'm gonna make sure all the edges are glued down there with the yes paste with my palette knife and then wipe away the extra glue, the excess glue with the damp baby wipe.  This is a different one that I did. I don't know that you saw me make this one on camera. This is another one I broke a needle on because of all those beads that are on there. A lesson to be learned there is don't sew beads on beads because be careful, you'll break a needle. And I'm going to make sure I get all the pieces and parts sewn down.  So I hope this gives you some ideas of what you can do with your scraps and your halfway art, your scrap embellishments. And if you wanna watch Didi's video, I'll link it in the description below. If you wanna join one of my Facebook groups, send me happy mail, send me an email, shop in my Etsy shop, support my channel that way. Any of those things, check out the video description. The most important thing though, you all know what it is.


Hi, everybody. I'm Igor Bolotin, and here's with me Vinay Banay. He's our SDN and network virtualization expert. I've been cloud architect with eBay for a few years already, joined as ex-commerce cloud architect, later as PayPal, cloud architect, and now cloud architect for eBay Inc. It's been actually an interesting journey so far. Building and running clouds at scale. I remember when I just joined ex-commerce, we just started planning our first production deployment with Diablo. It was one of the early milestones of Diablo. We went live with Diablo D5. And a couple of years later, before we knew it, now we are running Havana already. Of course, the first deployment didn't go with Neutron. There was no Neutron back then. But now we're also running Neutron at scale. This is our standard marketing site, by the way. But what is important for us is that eBay Inc. is a large corporation. Few companies, few businesses, the biggest ones that are mentioned, eBay Marketplaces, PayPal, eBay Enterprise, formerly known as GSI. But there are a lot more names that we don't see here on the slide. We mentioned just few. Magento, StubHub, Wear, Milo. All of them need infrastructure. All of them need and use our cloud. Here's what we're going to talk about today. Business case, what do we do with cloud at eBay? Deployment patterns, problem areas, and how we solve that. So what our business asks? Well, you've heard it multiple times already. It's agility, agility, and once again, agility. Everyone wants to go fast. And we are not exception in this case. Our business also wants to go fast. Why? Because it enables innovation. But it's not only going fast. It's also going with efficiency, with being able to utilize fully our infrastructure, shared infrastructure, shared multi-tenant cloud, with availability that is necessary for the enterprise. Because we have so many different businesses, they have different needs for security and compliance. And we need to be able to satisfy all of these needs. And that drives quite a few of our decisions, including what we're doing with networking. Here's how the overall big picture deployment looks like. It's a global cloud, multiple geographic regions. In each region, we're running several availability zones. And we have actually started using cells for scaling within individual availability zones. We deploy identity and image management today at the region level. We are going to make it global. We have open-set controllers running, of course, at the availability zone level. So when we're talking about Nova, Neutron, Cinder, that's deployed at availability zone level, and the cells are cells. So I already mentioned pretty much all of that. Well, I forgot to mention Trove, database as a service. We're also running. And I believe it's also deployed at availability zone level. We use Zabix for monitoring. Everything is behind load balancer web. It's actually an interesting mix. Some of the availability zones use hardware. Some of the availability zones use virtual. The cloud is shared. There are multiple tenants on that cloud, multiple business units. Everyone is sharing the same infrastructure. And the tenants themselves are also different. We have production tenants, marketplaces production, PayPal production, eBay Enterprise. We also have our developers using color clouds, our QE organizations using color clouds. Also have sandbox environments running there. Internal clouds like IT. And all of that different set of clouds they share. I mentioned that we're using Neutron, right? So for production traffic today, we're running everything in breached mode. We're not yet using Overwise for production. And we're not using DHCP for production. However, for some of the clients, some of the tenants, including DevQA, it's all virtual. It's Overwise with DHCP with everything. Here's a kind of nice picture. Let's put it this way. It looks like this with top of the arc switch is connected to the distribution layer. Actually, it's a pretty much classic spine and leaf architecture. We only show two switches here, but it's really might be a lot more than that. Depends on the size of the availability zone. Might be four, it might be eight. It really depends. And there are gateways nodes for the Overwise that are connected to distribution and to the core. Of course, when you run it at scale, you look at some issues. And I'll let Vinay to talk about specific issues. Thank you. Thank you. Hello, folks. Before I touch on areas with scale issues, I was just at a talk like 15, 20 minutes ago about how Neutron doesn't scale and how they're going to use their own solution. So our experience has been a little different. We've used Neutron not only for internal clients, but also for running production traffic. But having said that, we had our own share of problems. So what I would like to show in this from now on is some of the issues that we face and how we manage to surround them. I'm sure there are going to be some questions and answers. So what I would do is if I could request you to hold your questions, which have more detail towards then. But if you have a simple question that you want to clarify, you can go ahead and raise your hand or interrupt me. So first problem that we had is hypervisor scale out. How many hypervisors can you have in your Neutron deployment? So it turns out that if you use overlays, you're running to issues, meaning you can't scale out like in thousands and thousands of servers. But on the other hand, if you use bridge networks, when I say bridge, I mean like flat VLAN type of network, provider networks, we tend to scale out much better. So this plays into this overlay versus bridged. So we use both, by the way. And then we also had some issues running Neutron API servers, especially in regards to DHCP running active standby and active active mode metadata and Neutron API servers. And we also have we don't use reference implementation SGN controllers. Like for example, Neutron has a reference implementation. We don't use that. We have a commercial SGN controller. We use Nicera NSX as our controller. And then we also have network gateway nodes. Network gateway nodes tend to be the, if I go back to the previous slide that Igor was talking about, you saw two gateway nodes to the side. I'll just go back a little bit. You see the ones, these are the gateway nodes. These are the ones which take traffic in and out of your cloud, which does overlays. So and we also have issues related to upgrade. But we decided I'm not going to talk about upgrade because that needs a separate presentation by itself. So we won't be able to do justice talking about issues that we face during upgrades. So I'm going to address each topic at a time. So hypervisor scale out. How did we address that? We address that by using, this picture shows you all the OpenStack controllers and Neutron. There also we have Cinder and Glance and all those controllers, but we're just showing Nova and Neutron because that's where the scale comes in. So Nova has a, they have a solution called Nova Cells that allows you to scale. So it reduces the load on your queues and makes your Nova scheduler run much more efficiently. But if you put it, break it down into cells. Neutron API doesn't have cells. So yes, I have 1000 hypervisors or 2000 hypervisors, like a large number of hypervisors that I can break, I can divide and conquer using Nova, but I don't have such luxury with Neutron. So typically what we do in a cell is we run several hundreds of hypervisors. We try not to run in thousands. It's like in several hundreds, high hundreds. And then we put multiple cells in a availability zone. So let me back up a minute. AZ here, availability zone, it's not the same thing that's used in Nova. This is the AZ from Amazon, meaning it's an open stack deployment. Just wanted to make sure. And then we run, our intent is to run three to five cells in an availability zone and scale out up to thousands of hypervisors in a single AZ that is a open stack deployment. So we, as I mentioned earlier, we use Nova Cells to mitigate the hypervisor scale out issue with Nova. So Neutron scaling, on the other hand, we try to solve that problem in multiple ways. One of them is to not run all overlay because that's where the scaling problems we run into. So we run a hybrid mode where we run tenants which need bridge networks and also tenants who run overlays. As Igor mentioned earlier, all of our production traffic runs on bridge networks. We don't use overlays there. So in a given open stack deployment, since it's multi-tenant, production traffic, Dev QA, all those things when they run, the Dev QA and other tenants which are non-production run on overlays and production stuff runs on bridge networks.  So let me back up a little bit. So as you see, we have racks of compute racks at the bottom and on the top left you have a tenant who's trying to have his tenant living on a bridge network and we have a tenant who's living on an overlay network. So what we do is, both of them share the same network resources. So the bridge tenant directly uses provided networks to configure their networks and their VMs are directly plumbed into the physical networking gear and then the overlay tenant goes through our overlay virtualization SGN controllers to provision their workload. So I'm gonna briefly touch about some of the things, concepts in overlay networks. Most of you might be familiar with that, but I just wanted to touch them so that you can understand some of the scale problems that we are having. So the first, so we were using our technologies, overlay technologies are mostly based on STT and VXLAN. And so one of the problems that we have in overlays is handling bum traffic, broadcast, unknown unicast and multicast. So we found out that running multicast in overlays is not a good idea. It doesn't work very well, right? Then there's also the issue of ARP, which tends to be broadcast. So there are several ways you can mitigate that. So there's a concept of a service node in our deployment in our, from our SGN controller vendor that handles anything which is all this bum traffic. But if you guys have been following OpenVswitch, OBS now has the ability to do proxy local ARP on the hypervisor. So the ARP packets can be intercepted directly on the hypervisors. So there in overlay networks, there are concepts of logical switches and logical routers. The basic logical switch is a software construct where it's a mesh of tunnels. So we are sitting on the same virtual network can directly talk using tunnels. And then we have a concept of a logical router. A logical router in our case in this mode, which is a centralized logical router, sits on a gateway node. So if you have multiple subnets connected to the logical router, traffic needs to go from one subnet to a different subnet. It goes and hits the logical router, which runs on one of the gateway nodes. Now, that also becomes a little problem. So what we've done is there is a concept of a distributed layer three router. So what a distributed layer three router does is when you have a VM sitting on one VM, talking to a VM on a different subnet, but they're connected to the same distributed logical router, they can directly tunnel without having to go through the logical router. So this also reduces some of the bandwidth and processing on the gateway node on the logical router. So our gateway nodes are all done in a scale art fashion. And so some of the other issues that we ran into, I'm going to go with each topic at length, is on the neutron services is like some of the issues that we face with Keystone tokens. Problem of running with a single thread at quantum neutron servers. And prior to Grizzly and prior to Havana, there was it used to be, neutron used to be called quantum. So quantum was all running within single thread. So RPC calls, we have restful API calls, we're all being handled by one thread. And that was causing a problem when we, when you start having lots and lots of hypervisors. So we also have, we have issues with DSCP servers. So we're going to briefly touch on that. And then one of the other issues, which is not such a big deal, but this is something that we took some measures to reduce the load on our neutron API servers with the healing instance caching interval in Nova Compute. So let's look at the Keystone token issue that we had. So everybody knows the process how Keystone and the servers and the clients interact. So on the left hand side, you have all these clients when they need to talk to any of the servers. So they go authenticate themselves with Keystone. Keystone in turn returns a token and the client presents the token to the servers and the servers again go back and talk to the server to the Keystone server to authenticate the token and then they perform the request, then they execute the request. So it turns out there's also a lot of chatter between the servers. Like for example, Nova server talks to neutron servers constantly and also Cinder. So all this thing leads to some scaling issues. But before I get into that, I briefly want to talk about there are two kinds of tokens. In the past, Keystone was using UUID tokens. So it's a UUID token. So there are two parts. One is you create the token and the second part is when you authenticate. So there are two calls that you have to make to Keystone, creating the token and authenticating with the token. So that's what happens with UUID. With PKI-based tokens, you just go create the token and the token gets signed by the Keystone, by its cert, and it comes to the server. So server, when it has to authenticate, it doesn't make a call to the Keystone because it has a key, the public key. And then it can verify. This is a token is correct or not. And then there's also some services do token caching. But in our case, we're not doing any of the token caching. So what was happening in our case was in one of our, we have multiple availability zones, as Igor was talking about, which are running OpenStack control plane. So we had a problem with tokens. In one of our deployments, we saw that there were 98% of the tokens being generated in our database was coming from inner services, like many Nova calling, Neutron, Nova calling, Cinder, Glance. Those tokens, 98% of the tokens were being generated by the services. And out of which, 92% of them were quantum or neutron tokens. So when we did the math, we were generating under 25 to 30 tokens per second, new tokens. So every time Nova had to go ask Neutron server for a port, it ghost calls the Neutron client that would go create a new token. Even though it just service to request a couple of milliseconds ago, it would still create a new token. So this was begging for token caching. So this was causing a lot of RPC overhead. The token table and the databases were getting bloated. So when the table gets big, adding and deleting, looking takes a lot of time. So this was kind of slowing us down. So we took multiple steps to address that. So one of the things that we did was token caching, which is not always a good idea, but we were caching it for like an hour so that we don't have to make an API call to create your token. But still, you have to make an API call to authenticate the token. So we're just addressing one half of the problem. So the second half of the problem gets solved when you use PKI-based tokens. Because now if you cache the token and then use PKI-based, then you can locally authenticate the token, right? So you're reducing the amount of network chatter and the RPC calls that you're making. So doing this thing helped us a lot. So if you're running Neutron at scale, make sure that you have this. So it turns out there were some open-stack bugs on this. And most recently, the bug was fixed in, I think, Icehouse. And it was also ported to Havana where the token caching is now available for admin tenants. And the other issue that we ran, this is like a version before, I think, Grizzly when we were running Folsom. So prior to Havana, I think there was one API server thread for Neutron, which was handling both your REST APIs and your RPC calls. And I don't know how many of you know, but at that time, the DHCP renewals were also being handled through RPC calls. And that was putting a lot of load on the API server. So what we did was we broke up the server into two threads, one for handling the RPC calls, one for handling the API calls. So Havana, those things are fixed. The chatter that was coming from the VMs for IP address renewals has been eliminated now. It's handled by DHCP release. So that traffic has gone down. And then there's support for multi-workers. So you can spawn multiple threads to service your Neutron servers. So this also helps when you start having large scale deployments of Neutron. Is it a quick question? I can't hear you. Yeah, you know what? Why don't we do this? We're going to have like 10 minutes towards the end. We'll address it. Just keep that. I'm having trouble hearing you. Once you get a microphone, then I can address those questions. So the other problem that we, I wouldn't necessarily call this as a problem. It's like a healing instance cache interval. So all the Nova computes have a periodic task that runs, I think default is 10 seconds. What it does is it makes a list of all the instances running on the Nova compute and goes and checks the Neutron server to say the port information. So it is not a big deal, but we decided to increase the time out, the periodic interval from 10 seconds to 10 minutes. So yeah, we adjusted it to 10 minutes. So that also reduced a little bit of load on the Neutron server. So DHCP scaling. So DHCP, how many of you by showing your hand have Neutron deployed in your environments? OK. That's quite a big amount.  The VMs boot up. As always, you find out the VM is not working 9 out of 10 times. It's something related to IP address not being allocated, or DNS mass died, something like that. So what we've done is we've tried to address this issue on multiple fronts. As Igor mentioned earlier, we don't use DHCP for production environments. There's no DHCP. So what we use is we use config drives. So config drive is a mechanism through which when NOVA can inject metadata into the image. That includes hostname, your network, and any other information, key value pairs, and also your private key, public key keys. But that also requires you to have a cloud aware image. But in production, these are all controlled images. These are our images. So we have cloudified all our images so that they don't need to go through DHCP. And they're all running bridge anyhow. Whereas for overlays, we employed a couple of techniques one was to run DHCP active-active. And also, we are planning to go towards running active-active. I don't know if you guys know. Neutron has this concept of DHCP agents. You can create multiple agents. And you can, when you spin up a DHCP, DNS mass, DHCP, you can allocate to a different agent.  Let me do a quick time check. So moving to the SGN controllers. So this is how we deploy all the way from our OpenStack controllers to the compute nodes. These are all the various elements in between. So we have all the OpenStack controllers talking through load balancers to the Neutron API servers. So we deploy Neutron APIs in active-active mode.  And the Neutron API servers talk to our SGN controllers, which is, in our case, NSX, through a load balancer. And these guys, in turn, use OpenFlow to communicate with the compute nodes. So on the network gateway nodes, which is, again, as I was showing in the picture earlier, where overlay traffic that needs to go out from the cloud and come back in, has to hit these gateway nodes. So the gateway nodes are only needed with the overlay networks. For a bridge network, you don't need gateway nodes because you can take advantage of your physical routers and switches that are part of your provider network. So we deploy gateway nodes in scale-out fashion, meaning you don't deploy two or four. We deploy eight or 10 gateway nodes. So some of the problems that we ran into using gateway nodes was high CPU utilization. I'll get into that a little bit more in detail in the next slide, but let me give you a quick summary of that. So I don't know if you guys are familiar with OBS. In OBS, when the flow comes in, the flow is matched in the kernel data path. There is a miss that flow gets punted up to the user space. In the user space, there is a V-switch D, OBS V-switch D daemon that looks at all the list of flows and then computes an exact flow and pushes it down into the kernel. So once the flow is in the kernel, all subsequent packets get expedited. They get switched very, very fast. And also, we also had an issue where, remember as I was saying, we use load balancers everywhere. Some of them are physical load balancers. Some of them are virtual appliances. So in our cloud and all our services, the tenants that are running, they all run. It's all API-based, meaning they don't directly call servers. They call WIPs. And there's WIPs or server pool of machines. So any app it wants to talk to app B, it always communicates through a web. So when we're using physical load balancers, we found that the east-west traffic was going out of the gateway, coming back in. So it was like hairpinning. That was also creating a lot of flows on the gateway node and making the CPU utilization go up. So there are a couple of ways that we could address that. One was, east-west traffic doesn't have to go out and come back in. You can create a virtual appliance, put it in the hypervisor, and then the east-west traffic can stay under the cloud. So it doesn't have to go in and out from the gateway node. The other thing is to use SNAT. I mean, if you don't want to use appliance, but if you still want to use a physical load balancer, then you use SNAT within the load balancers. I'll get into that why, because if you use SNAT, you can take advantage of a feature in OBS called mega-flows that will help you reduce the number of flows. So there are a couple of other enhancements that were done in OBS that's impacted us in a positive way, very significantly. One of them was this mega-flows. I'll briefly touch on what mega-flows are. And the other one is multi-core version of OBS V-switch T. The OBS V-switch T, which was running in the user space prior to, I think, released OBS 2.0 before it was not able to take advantage of multi-core. So I'm going to briefly touch on those two topics. So mega-flows. So what are mega-flows? Prior to OBS 1.1, for whatever reason, the flow was there were matching on a lot of fields in the flow. Even though you didn't care, you just wanted to do between the source and destination. If it matched on all the port, exact match flow was pushed down into the data path. So starting with OBS 1.1, they created mega-flows. So that mega-flows allows you to wildcard entries in the kernel data path. So this reduced the number of flows. So typically, the flow eviction threshold is pretty low in OBS. So that helps the traffic between kernel and user space. And also, reduced the number of flows in the kernel. But to do this, you have to run OBS 1.1 or greater. So one of the negatives about using mega-flows is if you have security groups on your VMs, the effect of mega-flows is lost. The multi-core improvements for OBS, this is a big one. So let me explain what that means. In the past, prior to OBS 2.0 version, so this is how you had it, right? Like you had the kernel module, the v-switch d-demand, and these are all the CPU cores. And the flow came in. And if there was a mess in the kernel, the flow was handled, punted up to the user space. And OBS v-switch d was capable of running on only one core. So here I am running with 32 hyper-threaded cores, with 256 gigs of RAM. But I can only use one core, right? So my CPU was getting hot. And we're seeing packet losses and misses. Starting with OBS 2.0, they fixed that issue by taking advantage of all the multi-core. So my CPU utilization for the same amount of traffic, same traffic flow, it went down, way down. So this was very useful. So I would recommend that. So right now I think OBS is 2.1. We are running OBS 2.1 in our environments. I would recommend that if you're using OBS-based neutron back end, then recommend using 2.0 or 2.1. Let me do a quick time check. Yeah, we got 10 more minutes. So there are a couple of things I wanted to talk about. So one of them was the future work that we are working on. These are not directly related to scale, but they're kind of playing to the same area. One of them is the VPC model. So we have different properties within eBay. Marketplaces, PayPal, StubHub. And within PayPal, there are different tenants within that. So we'd like to take a logical grouping of tenants and create a VPC so that they can share resources. Whether they be glance images, Cinder volumes, or networks, they can all the projects within a VPC can share. So in that regard, we started by submitting a blueprint to Neutron. We call it the network tagging blueprint. So it addresses several use cases. If anyone is interested, they can take a look at it. And if you want to work with us, that's fine too. So I'll talk about one use case, which is very common. So today, we know that when you want to spin up a VM, this is, again, only in a bridged VM, not overlays. When you want to spin a VM, there are two ways that Nova can spin a VM. Either you pass in the nova boot command, the network, the nick, the dash dash, nick. You specify what network ID you're supposed to be in. Or you pre-create a port and pass the port ID. I think this is like very, Nova is in charge. Nova will pick a compute host where it thinks the VM needs to sit. It may or may not have, it may or may not pick the right network where the server is sitting. So let me give you an example of that. So these are all racks, in our case, compute racks. We call them fault zones, because we do not run a flat L2 across. Each rack is a layer 3 for us. So if you need to go between racks, it's a layer 3 hop. And they're all in different subnets. So along comes a VM. Somebody wants to spin up a VM. And you want this VM to be spun up on this rack, because that's a net ID that you passed. But guess what? Nova has it's mind of its own. It will go pick a different rack. It goes and lands on here. So now you're at a lack, because your DSCP is not going to work. Because you landed a VM with an IP address on a different physical network. So these are some of the things that we're trying to address using this blueprint. So we have a lot of interest, I was talking to somebody from Yahoo. They are also interested in working with this blueprint. This is a very common issue that you run into when you're running bridge networks. So hopefully, in the next release, you know we should have this feature available through something called network tagging. So in summary, I think we've got like seven minutes. I'm going to wrap it up really quick so that we have some Q&A time. So summary, before you deploy, make sure that you have a plan. You know your requirements. Understand your size and scale. Pick the SDN controller based on your needs. Make sure that you have enough linear domains. And pick the good mixture of overlay and hybrid so that it will help you scale. And make sure that you monitor your cloud on a regular basis. So with that, I thank you. And if you have any questions and answers, Igor and I will be happy to answer. Thank you for your presentation. I had two separate questions. First question about your oblate gate nodes. Seems like you guys actually end up using XAD-based approach. XAD-based. Yes. Rather than whatever the hardware supports. So have you looked into any available VXLAN hardware solution as well? Yes. And then why you end up in the desert first question. The second question is about multicore of obvious stuff. That's really desired, as we all expected to be. And but it's kind of an ironic conflict with that problem you saw observed like a high CPU utilization. Because if there are multicore is available, then you're going to have more problem of high CPU utilization. So how you can address the problem? So there are two questions. Sure. So let me answer the first question. You can also jump in. So we are talking to white box vendors. We're also talking to some of the hardware vendors for addressing the gateway needs. In fact, our partner, as you can control our partner, is also working with those vendors. We would like to have a model where we use a physical gateway node, which has multiple ports where the switching and routing is done in silicon. So that's you want to add something to that, Igor? White boxes. Once the solution is going to be mature enough to run in our environment, we will be using that. So on the VXLAN front, also, there is not a whole lot of support in the NICs for doing offload. So the second question about the multicore. So for us, what we saw was there was a huge improvement in the CPU utilization. And we did not see any drop packet. And so we can talk more about it if you want. You know, let me clarify that. The problem with CPU utilization, it's not the utilization per se. It's uneven CPU utilization. So when you get to use all of your cores, overall, it goes down. Igor? How do you facilitate instance access to the NOVA metadata service in a Neutron provider network model? So there are two ways we can do that. So we are using the first method as part of the DHCP, the DNS mask. We use the DHCP option to advertise a static route, but 169.254, the next top being the DHCP server itself. And we use namespaces for the DHCP server. From there, we use the metadata server, like, uses the Unix domain calls to send it to the metadata server. And from there, it talks to NOVA. That's one way. The second approach that we are talking to our SGN controller render is to put the metadata support in the router itself, the logical router. So that way, if I have active, active DHCP, then I don't have an issue. Because if I have active, active DHCP, one has got dot 2, the other one has dot 3, what route do I send? So those are issues that are better addressed if you put it in routers, because the routers already have HA. My question to you is on the gateway nodes, if you don't have gateway nodes as some Cot server or something, can you not replace them with just simple routers? No, because remember, these gateway nodes are not just routers. They are doing encapsulation and decapsulation of the overlay headers, whether it's VXLAN, STT, or GRE. So regular routers, if you use, you cannot do that. So some of the vendors like Arista, Juniper, they're coming out with products, which do that. But it's not integrated into Neutron and OpenStack, right? So once that happens, we will do that. So you mean you need native support for VXLAN or STT to be able to use? Overlay support, yes. Exactly. So one of your previous slides illustrated the issue of the way you're doing provider networks, and you have different VLANs per rack. And obviously, you mentioned the blueprint. But if your environment right now has multiple provider networks with the VLAN boundary being your rack, how do you deal with that right now from a provisioning perspective? Do you create the port in advance, or is there something else, some other magic you're doing? So today, the logic sits in NOVA. So we have custom code that we've written ourselves, where it sits in NOVA. That's where network code doesn't belong in NOVA. But that's the reason we try to propose a blueprint so that we do it the right way. So what we do is when the NOVA picks the compute node, the hypervisors, from our configuration, we can identify what rack it landed on. So the NOVA goes in queries, quantum, and Neutron servers to say, give me all the networks. And we use tags to identify the network which matches with that zone that landed on. Then we pick the network and send an IP address. Thank you. Yeah. So on the OBS mega flows thing, you mentioned that if you're doing security groups with that, you sort of lose that benefit. Can you explain why that is? Sure. So because the whole concept of mega flows is you're doing either layer 2 or layer 3, and you ignore the rest of the layer 4 data, like the protocol information in the ports. The moment you have, you cannot coexist with having a security group rule, because for each, that means the moment you have one security rule for your VM, then you need to disable mega flows because you cannot coexist with both. But with 2.1, what they've done is it only impacts with their partitioned the flows on a per VM basis. So if one VM has security group rules, it only impacts the flows related to that VM, but not the other VMs. So when you said the network tagging blueprint, you mentioned that when we spawn a VM, it could potentially sit on any of the other racks, which where you don't want them to sit. But the NOVA boot command today has a availability zone option where you can actually specify the exact hypervisor where your VM needs to be spawned. So why would you not use that option, and why would we want to build something? Because what is the connection between availability zone and the network? Like when we talk about VMs, we talk about hypervisors where the VMs will sit. So when we give availability zone, we can give an exact compute node host name along with it. So isn't that like an anti-cloud pattern? I mean, you have created a cloud where resources could go anywhere, but you're creating availability zone, it can land there. So instead, for me, all I want is I want my VM to have an IP address. I don't care what IP address it is, but today, instead of doing availability zones, I land on a given compute node and we can derive some information from the compute node. We use that information to figure out what physical network it is in, and we'll assign an IP address from there instead of, if not, then it takes three or four tries before we get the VM booted up. So just for the previous question you said, if you implement security group rules, you cannot use the mega flows. But security group rules are implemented in the Linux bridge, right, in Neutron. So the Linux bridges really connect to the open V-switch and they did that because that's where you can implement the security groups. So this is not Linux bridge, right? This is OVS. Yeah, but still, if you look into the typical bridges configured by the L2 agent and the L3 agent. There's no L2 agent here, right? It's done through open flow. Okay. So we can talk more about it in details. I can explain that. Because in the default architecture, the VM connects to the Linux bridge and then to the open V-switch. Right. So you're right. Yeah. Okay, I have a question. Sure. So you're actually using pure software way of solution. What happened if the OVS traffic goes very high and the CPU usage on hypervisor goes very high or even crash? Then we are asking controller to do something under this circumstances. So I think if I understand your question, you're saying how do you monitor the CPU utilization of the computer nodes related to OVS? Yes. And whether are you using pure software way of solution or not? Pure software? Pure software solution. Yes. OVS, yes. Yes. It's pure software. Yes, it's pure software. And what about the CPU usage? CPU usage. So it turns out on the computer nodes, the amount of CPU utilization that are OVS demon consumes is not much. Usually it's a gateway node that happens to be an issue. But if there is a lot of east to west traffic there, because there are a lot of VX LAN in capital relation on the OVS, the CPU usage might go very high. So for east to west traffic, we use STT. So STT takes advantage of the NIC off-road capabilities very well. And we've seen the performance of our VM. Actually, far exceeds the bare metal in terms of not latency, but throughput. Actually, in the last OpenStack, in Hong Kong, we presented some results about STT versus bare metal. STT performance tends to be higher for VMs, because it takes advantage of the way it does. How it combines small packets and takes advantage of the NIC off-road capabilities. OK, we will take the rest of the questions offline because we run out of time already. Thank you very much. Thank you.


Hi everyone. My name is Alicia and I live in India. I'm a CPA exam candidate. While doing my masters, I decided to pursue CPA and I registered with one of the CPA review course providers in India. Sooner I realized that there are so many concepts which are not very clear to me. So, you know, CPA exam is all about knowing the concepts right? Especially the basics. So in the process of supplementing my understanding of the concepts, I came across Farhad accounting lectures. It really helped me because Professor Farhad explained the concepts really well. Very simple terms with examples. It's like the traditional teaching method in school and I'm very habituated to that and I really love the way he teaches. I cleared audit and FAR sections of CPA exam. So all the students who are in the same journey as I am in, I think you should definitely reach out to Professor Farhad and his videos for that additional 5 to 10 to 15, you know, points, especially in the CPA exam. He not only teaches us, but makes sure that he motivates us at the end of each lecture. I'm really thankful to Professor Farhad and all the best. See you on the other side of success.


My name is Christina Wolfe and I'm the researcher on the MSCA RAS project with Rupert as my supervisor. Rupert can't be here today but he says hi. So the first thing I'm going to talk about is I'm not going to talk about myself because nobody else has so more time for me. I'm going to talk a little bit about the RAS project including some of my research questions that I had to pose and sort of going over the sense of place and what constitutes sound presence, some of the work in progress that I've been doing and some of the future directions. We're about half, almost a year into this and so it's a bit of a weird time to present it but I have some things to show you and I also have some advertisements for future. So the RAS project stands for Using Virtual Reality and Archeoacoustic Analysis to Study and Exhibit Presence and by presence I mean sound presence, part of my work involved training and then working with photogrammetry, game design, acoustic analysis of archaeological sites and acoustic modeling of those sites using ODM. The research questions for my project involve what is the phenomenology, what is the experience of sound presence in historical and ancient spaces, what could be possible acoustic signatures of sound presence, what sort of listening practices or what kind of listening awarenesses can be understood, like what aspects of the space can be understood by thinking about its sound presence and can we bring this into reconstructions. Those are all currently open questions but I have some research I can show. Some presence as far as research, my research has described is it seems to be something along the sublime as uncomfortable as that makes me feel, it seems to be a sense of something in the space of a sound and the sense of place that inspires listeners to tell other people about it, to understand it, to want to learn more about their experience and to also try to share it. When I tell people that I'm working on this project, somebody gives me the most wonderful story of a place and how it made them feel and I'm always very grateful for those stories and so if anybody has any, do tell. Part of my work involves as somebody who's a background in new media art and I'm approaching this from the perspective of an artist is I've been looking at characteristics of present sites and then possible technological means of representing this characteristic. It's subjective but recent developments in game audio and 3D sound have really helped me with my project. One of the characteristics that tends to be immersion, the ability that people feel enveloped by the sound of this place and they either mean that in terms of their acoustic senses or also just in terms of perhaps the overall ambience. It tends to be that these types of present sites and this could be biased to the fact that I've tended to be in funerary and religious sites so they tend to have liminal quality and part of this liminality can be represented in things such as stereographs where there's a process based perception by that I mean is somehow in the VR reconstruction you have to do some sort of perceptual process to understand it like those kind of magic eye posters from the 90s and also things like presentation from one form to another form to then concentrate on those features and given that my background is in composition as I've been interested in the kind of post spectral mediated presentation and then also these spaces seem to be considered unique in some way and that can be the uniqueness can be presented using obviously context, program notes, narratives, explanations of the evidence of the archeological site. So today I've done, we've done because Rupert's been involved in all of this is I've done two real sites here and one of them is Sculptor's Cave and doing ambisonic field recordings and acoustic analysis of Sculptor's Cave in collaboration with the Cubs Sea Caves project. Part of my job has involved, you know, like retexturing the model because of a technological snafu in the original VR representation creating an interactive field walk and obviously my acoustic analysis and ambisonic field recordings to bring some of the unique features of this very hard to access place. We've also done continued research on the hypogeum of Alsatliani where previous research done by Rupert and some people in this room worked on the Oracle chamber. We did a acoustic analysis and took measures of the main chamber, the Holy of Holies and the corridor and we did a few extras in the Oracle chamber just because we were feeling lucky. And then I've also done some work to help the ASU Bonn project create a multimedia installation of the rock gong from the fourth mile cataract. And one of the things that I did with the help of Dr. Reinhard Seinf and also some of the assistants of the Olympic Museum in Lausanne, they were more helpers, they're not collaborators. And so I did a reconstruction of the Echo Stoa which is the seven echo colonnade in the sanctuary and part of what I did was make an acoustic model reconstruction of it. I really just wanted to see if there were seven echoes and there were so that was great. And I'd like to make a VR interactive model of it to give people the chance to make seven echoes for themselves. And so in this one I have an example from the reconstruction of the Echo Stoa and it's Echo E as you can imagine. And I think a good part of the context for this is they used to have shouting contests and trumpeting matches. And so here's an example of trumpet. Lots of echoes, obviously speech transmission is very poor but it lives up to its name. Oh, sorry. Another part of my project, another part of this project would involve in one of my mediated trying to bring the sense of acoustics of space into a different form, one of these would be like post spectral composition where you would bring some sort of like aspects of place in kind of field walk type of acoustic analysis and bringing that into instrumental composition. And so one of the things I've done involving making a system that will allow you to compose your field walk and this is still in progress but I will show you a little bit of that.  And then part of that involves recording that position so then for all the instruments or voices you would pick is then to render that into a different form to then gather the pitch and velocity information between the two sides of your head and then translate that into notation. So I have an example of this five minutes. All right. Wow, your generous. I have three for you. So the notation system that I have as an example is basically a six sided room that was arbitrary. But I walked around a sine wave just to sort of record the two, the changes in pitch and amplitude as it goes by my ears and render that into notation for two instruments. It's not a musical piece, it's more of just an example. It's still very much working it out. So here's an example of some of the notation. This is not, obviously if you're playing a sine wave, it wouldn't be in 11th tuplets, but you have to represent the changes in pitch and frequency at least when you're rendering it in very quick notes that you can then erase. And so I don't know if you can see it on there, but the the pluses and the minuses are the change in sense, which is one one hundredth of a semitone. And the dynamic is basically if you have virtually walked by a node of that sine tone. And so I have a very unmusical example of it. I have the sine tone nodes that I can show you. And then the MIDI reconstruction, which is very ugly just it's just to show you. So that's it's binaural and this isn't really in the best environment to hear it. But it's just sort of an example and like a proof of concept that I could do that. So I could try to find somebody to play it for me. Okay. And so in the last two minutes is this is I'll talk about the future directions of this project and and future dissemination topics is I will compose a series of 3d audio landscapes described by Kawsanias and his guide degrees, such as like a river of singing fish or a a bowl that you can hear the ocean, the sound that a river makes when an earthquake comes and will that we presented at the Contemporary Music Festival in the ambisonic showcase. Another one will be Soundgate 2.0. And for those of you who are involved in EMAT project, the this is a continuation of that with just adding more spaces. I'd also make a plug in that would allow people to compose with sites that they find interesting and also sites that I find interesting. And obviously papers on the acoustics of the two fieldwork sites that I've done and if all works out an instrumental composition and performance derived from the acoustics of some of these archeological sites. And please follow me like I mean don't it's wordpress but look at me you know and thank you.