Thanks for the invitation. It's really a pleasure to be here. So in my lecture, I would like to give you an introduction to the field of tensor networks, which is something which has emerged in the last 10, 15 years, out of also the field of quantum information where people try to look at complex quantum systems from a point of view of quantum information, from a point of view of their entanglement and trying to understand what entanglement theory can teach us about the structure of these systems and how we can use it to understand these systems better. So I will try to proceed slowly and also give a bit of a background in motivation. This is a school, so please feel free to interrupt me if you have questions and ask your questions, and I will try to address them as far as time permits. All right. OK, so as an introduction, what are we interested in here? So this is motivated from starting systems in, well, condensed matter physics, high energy physics, maybe also quantum chemistry, and so on. And in all these fields, what we have is, well, matter around us is built of many particles, lots of particles indeed, we have many particle systems. And these particles, well, they're quantum. And generally, between these particles, they're interactions, right? So we won't be able, in a general setting, to describe this by simply studying the quantum mechanics of a single particle. We will have to take into account all these particles together the way they interact, their joint quantum states. So it maybe becomes already clear that if we really want to address this full problem, the quantum correlations between the particles are essential, the entanglement between these particles will be essential. So of course, if we would consider a problem like that where we don't have any extra information, this is really a daunting task, right? If we have many particles, the number of degrees of freedom grows exponentially with a number of particles, I will say a bit more on that later. So it seems there is no structure at all in that. But of course, that's not true in real matter. There is structure, right? Particles which are close, bi will interact strongly. Particles which are distant from each other will interact very weakly. So there is some notion of locality, some notion of spatial structure. And it's really this interplay which kind of ultimately allows us to say something about how these kind of systems behave, which ultimately also allows us to say that the fact that there is some structure in these systems limits the type of entanglement they display. It makes our entanglement still very special, despite being some complex quantum entanglement. And this allows us, from a point of view of entanglement, to address these systems, to study these systems. Now, to be honest, for most of the matter around us, actually we don't really have to think so much about the quantum interactions. So the entanglement is actually not that important. So most of matter is actually described by what is called mean field theory. And mean field theory basically tells you that you kind of neglect entanglement. You only think of entanglement as something which is a corrective level on top of something which is not entangled or not entangled in a non-trivial way. So basically it's saying we look at an entangled set of particles, try to understand the physics there, and starting from that point, we start to correct it. That's not what we're interested in this talk. That's kind of old-style quantum matter physics, if you wish. As I said, it's vastly successful. It describes most of the systems we have around us. And maybe one reason is also that many of the systems around us are at high temperatures, compared to, well, interactions, strengths, and so on. And at high temperature states become quite mixed. And in that case, entanglement becomes less and less important the more mixed the state is. So that's not what we're interested in. So in my lecture, I will try to look at things which are usually termed quantum matter, or sometimes termed quantum matter. So these are systems where the quantum correlations play an essential role, which we can't understand by neglecting entanglement, by neglecting quantum correlations, and which are kind of opposed to what one might call conventional matter. So as I already said, the regime we're most interested in is a regime of low temperature. And the reason is essentially that, as I said, the higher we heat our system, the more mixed the state of the system gets. And the more mixed the state is, the less entangled it will be. So if you have a state at infinite temperature, a maximally mixed state, the state has no entanglement whatsoever. Just everything is completely randomly correlated. So we kind of would expect, naturally, that the lower we choose our temperatures, the more quantum the system will behave. So if you want to see the most interesting physics, we should look at very low temperatures, or maybe ideally the ground state. That's a low temperature. So the ground state should be some of the most quantum. I'll make this more specific later on. What did I write here? OK, so now if you want to study these systems, consisting of many quantum particles, the general framework, well, it could encompass many different types of systems, system in condensed matter, in quantum chemistry, in high energy physics. In general, we would assume we have a continuous space. We have electrons and nuclei interacting there. Could be extremely complex. In my talk, I will try to address, or to mainly focus on a simpler kind of system, which is also closer to quantum information theory, but which still displays many of the features we're interested in, especially those which make the quantum matter special. And these are quantum spin systems on a lattice. So what do I mean by that? Well, what I mean by that is that we are given some spin, and I will not spin by a dot. And when I say spin, I really just mean that it's a system with a finite number of levels. I'm not really thinking about the fact that the spin might transform in a specific way under rotations. So it's really more saying that this is a system which can take a certain number of levels, but it doesn't have anything like a fermionic statistics or anything like that. So the simplest case would be C2, which I could think of as a spin one-half, but it's really just a two-level system. So we have this quantum spin, and then we make some lattice out of that. So we could, say, have a one-dimensional chain of these quantum spin systems. And each of these guys is described by Haver space CD. So the total chain is described by taking the CD and tensoring it at n times. So we have a chain of length n. So if one of these, if one of our systems is described by a basis i, 1, say, 0 to d minus 1, then the total system has a basis given by i1, i2, and so on, where each of these i's, again, can take values from 0 to d minus 1. So what you can already see here is that if I look at the total number of possibilities of states my system can take, then each of these can take d possible values. This can take d values. This can take d values, and so on. The total dimension of this space is d to the n. So this indeed tells us that it's exponentially difficult to describe the system with an exponential number of parameters to describe a general superposition because we need a coefficient for each of these basis states. So a general state would be of the form psi is equal to sum over ci1, i2 to in, i1 to in. And that's a general coefficient described in this state. And this is really a 2 to the n dimensional vector. So in order to describe a general state in such a system, we would need to describe it to specify an exponential number of parameters. And this already tells us why it's hard to describe how such a state behaves. Because if there should be a macroscopic system, n will be a large number, right? For some way, I mean, you know, we have something on the order of 10 to the 23 particles per kind of decent sized volume. Even if that's one dimensional, that's still 10 to the 7, 10 to the 8 if we have a long chain. That's a huge number, especially given that everything goes exponentially in this number. So if you want to describe anything which would call a long chain, this number would be prohibitively big. So we have no way of really addressing the full state. And that's kind of the problem we're facing, right, that we're having this exponentially big Hilbert space. OK, I'll get back to this exponentially big Hilbert space a bit later on. But let me first talk a bit more about the kind of systems we consider. So that's one kind of system, this one d chains. We could also consider two dimensional lattices, for instance. These are also particularly interesting. So again, each of these systems would be a d-dimensional space. And I should still kind of specify what I mean by saying the system is on a d-dimensional lattice. What does that actually mean? Or why is this lattice relevant? And this lattice is relevant because, of course, I'm, well, what's the point of just saying I have a number of spins? Well, something must govern the physics of these spins. So there will be some interactions in this system. And that's a relevant thing. So I will have, say, some two-body interactions between these guys, some Hamiltonian Hij, which could be, for instance, a two-body interaction. And this could act between adjacent spins but also between more distant spins. But the important thing is that I would like to have some locality structure in the interactions, which basically means that, well, it could mean different things, but essentially it should mean that Hij decays with a distance. So for instance, the most radical case would be that interactions only act between nearest neighbors. And it's really the structure of these interactions, which sets the lattice structure, which sets the dimensionality of my system. It really comes from the structure of the interactions in the end. So maybe I should stress, I mean, you might say that looking at quantum spin systems is something very contrived because we know that the world around us is, first of all, continuous. And second, it consists of fermions. So in that sense, you might indeed argue that this is a very special kind of system. But it also turns out that these systems can emerge very naturally as effective theories at certain energy scales or in certain regimes. Say, if you only look at the magnetic properties of a material, because in many, well, I mean, quantum spinor systems do form lattices. So it's natural to get lattices once you look at condensed matter systems at low temperature. And in these lattices, often electrons will form isolated magnetic degrees of freedom. So you can, for instance, have very tightly bound electrons, which sit in some kind of very localized shell, like d-wave electrons or so. And they will provide a magnetic moment, which is really sitting at that lattice side, which then via some mechanism, some indirect mechanism, usually will interact with close bi-magnetic moments. And you can also very naturally get, say, two-dimensional structures or one-dimensional structures if you have some layered material where you have, say, magnetically interacting layers decoupled by some non-magnetic layer. So these things can actually show up and also in different type of dimensions, even without engineering them specifically. But of course, one can also engineer them. One could take, for instance, optical lattices and in the optical lattice, trap atoms and then have a certain number of levels of these atoms, provide this D-level system, and have them interact. Oh, we can consider many body interactions. I should have stressed this better. I just started to draw this, and I thought, after I draw it, I should call it two-body. But it could also be many-body. Well, let's call them few-body. I don't like many-body maybe so much. Well, by few, I basically just mean that the body-ness should not depend on the size of the system. You don't want interactions between all constituents. Now, on the other hand, in physics, interactions are always two-body. I mean anything which we get as many bodies against some effective theory. Now, spin systems are also effective theory, so it's fine to have interactions between several constituents. But it would basically only go to the order of perturbation theory in which you get this effective theory. I mean to get an interaction between really many particles, that's something where you have to go to a very high order of perturbation theories. That's a very weak effect, typically. Oh, sorry. Well, indeed, a typical case is that T is equal to 2. That's why I tend to write 2. But yeah, that's correct. Thanks. So before getting into the entanglement structure of many-body systems, let me maybe explain a bit what kind of phenomena one can find in these kind of systems, which makes them special, which makes them interesting, which we don't find in conventional matter. OK, that was sub-point one quantum many-body systems. Point two would be to say something about quantum matter. Quantum matter is things which don't behave like conventional matter. So what I should really first say is how conventional matter behaves. So as an example, let me consider a one-dimensional spin chain with a two-level system. So I'll spin one-half, if you wish. And as a Hamiltonian, I will take the Ising-Ferro magnet. To have an Ising-Ferro magnet, so I have spins which interact via an Ising interaction, which makes that they would like to point in parallel in the z direction, so either both up or both down adjacent spins. And I have a magnetic field H, which I would like them to align along the x-axis. And now I can ask, well, and we look at the low temperature physics, so let's look at the ground state physics. And now we can identify two different regimes. We can identify one regime where H is very small. So say 0, to go to that kind of simplest point. In that case, well, there will only be the Ising interaction. So the spins will like to align in parallel. So what I could have is I could have a state where all spins point up, or I could have a state where all spins point down. Both are valid states. If I go to the limit where the field is very large, then this term is dominating, and it forces all spins to align the plus x direction. So all spins align like that. So now these two cases are very different. In one case, there's a unique ground state. In the other case, there are two different ground states. So this one is unique. Let me rearrange this so I can put things on top of each other. So I'll try to put the two cases next to each other. In the case where H is much larger than 1, we have a unique ground state. Here in this case, we have two possible ground states. But of course, in principle, any superposition of them will also be a ground state, at least if H is exactly equal to 0. But approximately again, this will be an almost degenerate space, so I will have something degenerate. So indeed, if n goes to infinity, it will still be exactly degenerate. So the physics is obviously different. There must be a point where the system changes from having one ground state to having several ground states. And how can we understand this? And well, this is what Landau realized, that this is related to symmetries. So in some sense, it's a very deep and certainly very influential discovery that symmetry is what kind of governs how systems behave. And so what's the point of the symmetry? Well, this Hamiltonian is invariant under flipping all the spins. So what we have is that H commutes with applying sigma x to all spins. I mean, it's easy to see the sigma x commutes with sigma x. And these guys anticommute, but they always come in pairs, so they commute again. Also intuitively, this thing would like to align spins in parallel, but it doesn't care if they all point up or all down. So if you flip all spins, it's still the same interaction. And now the point is the following. So this ground state respects the symmetry. This one is different. If I have either this state here or this state here, all spins pointing up or all spins pointing down, these states don't respect the symmetry. They break the symmetry. So that's the first insight. We can classify these different type of phases, these different type of behaviors by looking at the symmetry of our interactions does the ground state or a randomly picked ground state, if you wish, does it respect the symmetry of the interactions or does it break the symmetry of the interactions? If it breaks it, there must be a twin because then I can act with a symmetry on it. I get a new ground state, but it will be a different one. So it's intimately related to the fact that there's a degeneracy that I break the symmetry. So by looking at how our ground state of a system behaves relative to the symmetries of the system, I can try to understand, to classify what the physics of the system is, how the physics behaves. And in particular, a very important property is that this allows me to measure something which is called an order parameter. Let me very briefly say what that is. So what I will do is I want to measure the amount of symmetry breaking. So I will take an operator which doesn't commute with that one. So I will take something like sigma z at some position i or say the average over all sigma z. Let me call this o. Now you can see if I measure the order parameter in this state here, it will have expectation value zero because this is a plus state. But if I take a state which points like that, I apply sigma z, I get a state which points in the opposite direction. So it will have overlap zero. In this case, it's different. Sigma z exactly measures how much of the spin is pointing up or down. So in this case, the order parameter will be plus one or minus one depending on which state I have. So this way what we have is that once we understand the symmetry, this tells us something about the ground space structure, but it also tells us how we can identify, how we can detect in which of these phases we are. So there is a way to phases, kind of conventional phases, are characterized by how a system behaves relative to the symmetry, right? Of the Hamiltonian. And in particular, the question is, does a ground state break the symmetry? The second thing is that once we understand the symmetry, this also allows us to see how to identify in which phase we are and how to label the different symmetry broken states. So then we can find an order parameter which first of all allows to detect the state, sorry, detect the phase and also to distinguish if you wish label the symmetry broken states. So in some sense what it tells me is that if I know that the average behavior of a single spin, I have a good understanding of what's going on overall. That's why we don't really have to look at the entanglement because looking at a local property of a system at the behavior of a single spin averaged over all spins tells me the essential features of such a system. Okay, so what does quantum matter then? Well, quantum matter describes systems which cannot be described in this framework so we can't understand the physics in this language. And this leads to a couple of interesting effects. I will just describe the effects so we kind of know where this is going. We'll see some example later on in one of the next lectures. But quantum matter systems, well, they're also given by some Hamiltonian. We look at some ground state and these ground states can exhibit different properties. So for instance, for instance we will have degenerate ground states which are locally indistinguishable for which there exists no local order parameter. And by locally I really mean it doesn't matter if you look at two sites, at 10 sites, at 100 sites, they will always look the same. You really will have to look at the global behavior of the system to be able to make any difference between the different ground states. So in particular this means there's no local order parameter, right? If there would be any local difference, there would be a way to detect it, yes? Well, in that case it's indeed zero. So the point is rather that in the ground state, many fold their different state. Well, let's do it a bit careful. I mean, first of all it means that in the ground state many fold their states which is zero or non-zero. If you pick a random state it will always be non-zero. Now if you ask what is physically reasonable, you will always find the states where this is maximal. I haven't talked about that. But kind of the idea is if you have a state of that kind, this is what we usually call a cat state, right? It's like a big microscopic symbol position and it's very fragile to perturbations because you see if you put a very small magnetic field, say, on each spin which points up, these states will get a vastly lower energy than these states immediately. So you will see that this two fold the general manifold and the very small perturbations that will immediately go in one direction or the other. That's essentially the effect of symmetry breaking. But this is indeed exactly linked to the fact that there's a local order parameter which distinguishes them because if you would add a global perturbation which locally everywhere puts this field but not with this normalization, you would get plus infinity here and minus infinity here. So you see that under fluctuations coming from the environment these states are extremely susceptible to perturbations. So in nature you indeed expect to find these where this is maximal. But on a mathematical level it's actually a pretty subtle question, the symmetry breaking. And to the best of my understanding it's not fully settled how the different notions of symmetry breaking and so on are related. It's very small field in the lake. Exactly, yeah, indeed. Yeah, I didn't want to define it too thoroughly. I really more wanted to give the idea. But I agree, I mean, doing this properly is actually quite subtle. Okay, so these kind of systems will have different grounds that should look completely identical which especially means there's no local order parameter. It also means that the robust to noise, any kind of physical noise, physical noise will also locally change parameters in the system in a fluctuating way. But if all these states are completely indistinguishable locally, it also means that any noise which couples locally will also not make any difference. Right, it's this thing that if there's a way to read out information about the system I will also perturb it but if there's no way to perturb it in a specific way I also cannot read out information. So it means that these systems are also robust to local noise which is why they could be useful, for instance, to store quantum information because quantum information, well, should be protected from local noise. So one could, for instance, use it to build a quantum memory. There are a number of more interesting features. So for instance, this ground-stated generacy will depend on how I choose my boundary conditions for the Hamiltonian. So for instance, if I choose it with periodic boundary conditions or open boundary conditions or maybe if I deform my lattice and put it on a sphere rather than on a torus, normal periodic boundary conditions, I will get different ground-stated generacies. So for instance, on a torus, the system would look different than on a sphere. On a torus I might have a, well, finite number of ground states, say four ground states and here one ground state. Again, this is something which is completely inconsistent with this explanation because the way I can label the different ground states is exactly by the possible values this order parameter can take. So that's a local property, right? The possible values the order parameter can take doesn't care about the global geometry topology of my system. So again, this is completely inconsistent with this local description. Oh, yeah, they can shift. They can shift, indeed. There are a number of more interesting properties relating the structure of excitations in these systems we will get there. But this kind of hints that these kind of systems are really something which lies completely outside this conventional framework, which is basically a framework where we neglect the entanglement in the system to leading order and try to get a description of the physics just by looking at local properties, right, at the local order parameter. This is something which does not apply here. This is really outside of the Landau paradigm of local symmetry breaking, conventional matter, if you wish. And the point that quantum effects are really important. So this is why this is termed quantum matter then. Exactly. And kind of the idea is that, well, there's no local order parameter, but there is some kind of ordering in the sense that this degeneracy means that some structure is emerging, right? If I keep all symmetries, there's no extra structure coming out of the system. I have a single state. If I have several states, there must be some way in which the system orders. And the idea is that one could think of this as some kind of ordering in the entanglement. Usually these kind of systems are also termed topological phases because global properties are relevant. It's a bit of a fuzzy, well, I think it is the etymology of topology in that case is fuzzy. But it kind of makes sense in the sense that not only local properties, but the global topology of the system matters. And well, that's the kind of things we would like to look at in the following. See how we're doing. Okay. Why is there an echo here? Okay, questions as of now? Okay, so just to remind you what we're looking at, we're looking at ground states. So as I said, I already mentioned this earlier, that we're looking at the low temperature physics because we expect to see most of the quantum effects there. The second thing is if we look at the ground state of a system, the typically turns out the low lying excited states can be kind of, at least the essential features can be derived from the ground states. So understanding the ground state also allows us to understand states above the ground state. Most quantum and they contain features of the excited states. So what we're given is that we have some Hamiltonian on some kind of lattice system, which, well, in the simplest case, we might take a nearest neighbor or rapidly decaying. But maybe for simplicity, let's think about nearest neighbors.  So in essence, they're basically just between nearest neighbors. And what we need for this Hamiltonian is that it's, well, local, most importantly. And what we will typically also want is, it's not super important, but it's helpful that it's gapped. So what does it mean? Gapped means if we plot the eigenvalue, the spectrum of the Hamiltonian, we will get a number of levels. And what we mean by gapped basically is that between the lowest lying state and the next one, there is some gap delta. So this rules out states which have a degenerate ground state, but that's actually not so much what we care about. What we really want is that we want to know what happens when we make our system bigger and bigger. If we make our system bigger and bigger, we will get more and more eigenvalues of H because the dimension of the space grows exponentially. And this gap might change. So really, this depends on the system size if we take some uniform system. And what we really want is that the first excited state, regardless of how big the system is, stays at some distance from the ground state. So what we really want is that delta N is larger than some finite gamma for all N. So we don't want that as we make our system bigger, it gets easier and easier to take it away from the ground state because that means that a very big system, and we want to look at very big systems, will be unstable at any temperature or under any kind of perturbation. So we can't really expect them to show stable physics. So if you want stable physics, we want, but it takes some finite amount of work, of energy, of effort to get the system out of its state. And that's why we want a gap to the excited state. Now that's not so important, it's more technical condition, which we show up later, so I thought I stated. Well, it could be anything, right? If it's been one-half, I guess you can write on the polybasis indeed, but it could be anything, right? It's, we don't want to assume much, I mean what we want to assume that the way the systems interact is in some local way, right? So distant particles interact very weakly and maybe we can neglect it. But this could also be a higher-level system, right? This could be a 10-level system in principle, which could have a more complex interaction. I guess in practice, there will be some symmetries in the interactions from the way you build it or you might even want it to build it in a symmetric way, but we will not require that in the first place. I mean, for many results, it can also be algebraic if it's fast enough, which is, I think, typically something like dimension plus one or so. You could say Coulomb is a bit critical, but usually Coulomb shielded, so on any effective level, the Coulomb interaction will decay much faster. You will not have a one-over-R decay, right? But probably more like a dipole-dipole interaction type decay or so. Should be short-range in some sense, exactly. Okay, so maybe the last 10 minutes, let me actually make a nice point to conclude. Okay, so starting from these things and what I said, what we would like to know is what makes these kind of, okay, so we'll be able to, it's called the Areola. And so the problem we're facing is kind of the following. On the one hand, we want to describe quantum matter, so we know that the matter we describe is not described by a simple product state ansatz. By neglecting the entanglement. So we know we need to include the entanglement. Now the problem is if we include the entanglement, we have this, well, I just erased it, this exponentially big Hilbert space, right? So we have a Hilbert space which is CD tensor N. So it's D to the N dimensional. So we have this huge Hilbert space and in this huge Hilbert space, we need to describe a system and that's completely hopeless, right? We just can't specify so many parameters for sufficiently large N, right? If you have a computer, even if these two, you can maybe go to N equal 25 or 30 or something like that and that's when basically there's no way to go further. Now on the other hand, what we also know is that our system is described by this Hamiltonian here, right? So if we actually ask how many parameters describe the ground state, one answer is whether Hamiltonian describes the ground state and the Hamiltonian doesn't have many parameters, right? So how many parameters does it have? Well, worst case, if anything can interact with anything here, two-body interactions N squared, right? But typically if it's local, we will say it has order of N terms. But even if it's N squared, it's three-body N cubed, it's this case much, much, much better in N than something like two to the N. So what we kind of see is that we would expect that the Hilbert space should have a very small region which we could call the physical corner and that's the kind of states we would like to be able to describe. Now it's a bit misleading to draw this picture, right? Because it's not a convex set or anything, but the idea is that it's a very small subset of this very big Hilbert space which is what we're actually interested in if we want to describe ground states or even low energy states of a system just by parameter counting, we know that, right? The problem, of course, is we could just specify immediately the Hamiltonian, but the Hamiltonian, it's very hard to extract information out of it. So we want a more succinct way to actually describe the wave function of the system. Maybe that's also a bit of a quantum information approach to look more at wave functions and interactions. So if we want to describe this kind of physical corner, we need a more succinct, a more explicit way of figuring out what makes these states special, these ground states or low-lying states of a system with local interactions. And while it turns indeed out that they're very special regarding their entanglement properties, and this is exactly what the allele tells us, so what is the question we're asking? Well, I guess you already all heard some things about entanglement, right? So if you want to look at an entanglement, at the entanglement in a system, we have a system consisting of two parts, A and B, and they're in a joint state psi AB. If I want to compute the entanglement between A and B, I have to trace out the B system, and look only at the reduced state of the A system. And then I have to compute the von Neumann entropy. Maybe Barbara will say more about that. Sorry? But well, at least. Okay, so if you compute this entropy here, this will be exactly a measure of the entanglement between the part A and the part B. So we can try to do this for a quantum many-body system. Let's take some quantum many-body system and ask exactly that how much entanglement is there in such a system. So let's take one of these lattice systems and we cut some region out of it. And this region we call A, and the rest of the system we call B. So this region, say, has a size L by L. And now, well, the total system is in some pure state psi AB. Just the total ground state of our system, right? Which lives in this huge space, in principle. So now we can compute the reduced state of A, and we can ask what is S of rho A? So now one thing people have looked at in quantum information is if I take a typical random state, so a random state in this exponentially big space, what is S of rho A? So for typical, so to say random state, it turns out that, well, what I assume is that the total system is very big, right? So L is much smaller than the system size. I'm looking at a relatively small part of a big system. Then it will turn out that S of rho A is basically as big as a volume of the system. So it's some constant, which I guess is log D, times L squared, which is a volume, really, of the whole thing. Minus some sub-leading correction. I'm not sure how it scales, presumably log L or so, but it's something which goes to zero very quickly, basically. It's something which disappears. So basically what this tells us is that pretty much all degrees of freedom in that region A are entangled with all degrees of freedom outside. All degrees of freedom. So it's a huge mess, right? The entanglement is completely spread out. So that certainly seems like a very messy situation, but we are, of course, interested not in typical states, but in very special states, which live in this very small corner, which are ground states of some local interaction. And there are actually something remarkable that happens if we look at these systems, if we study such systems. What one finds is that this only goes like some constant alpha times the length of the boundary of the system, plus some sub-leading terms. So the leading term here only scales like the boundary of that region and not like the volume of the region. And the same we see in one D, or actually in any dimension. Well, like in one D, for instance, it would be a constant plus something which goes to zero as our system gets bigger. But in both cases, the point is that the entanglement really only scales like the boundary of the system, not like the volume. And this is what is called the area law. I suspect because it comes from the gravity community, where you're actually in three-dimensional space most of the time. That's my impression. I agree, it's confusing because indeed in the picture, I draw the area as the volume.  Exactly, so area law, which states that the entanglement in the ground states of gap systems scales like the boundary rather than the volume. Now, this is something which has been proven for one-dimensional systems rigorously by Hastings. And there's some improved version by Vizic, Vazirani, Landau, I think it's also on some of these papers where people get better bounds in terms of the gap. How does a gap relate to this constant here? So in 1D, we have proofs of that. In 2D, I don't think we know of any proper counter-example to that. So in 2D, it also seems to hold. So it's generally believed, like in all systems, one looks at to be a general statement. And what does it tell us? That kind of tells us that the message is that the entanglement is only sitting at the boundary between regions. So in some sense, it tells us the entanglement is local. The structure of the entanglement in the system, despite the fact that there is a lot of entanglement, the entanglement is local. And well, starting from this point that the entanglement in quantum money body systems in their ground states should be local, should be distributed in a local fashion, I will start constructing some kind of answer, some kind of approach to describe these wave functions in the next lecture. Any questions? In 2D, I'm not sure we have any counter-example. I mean, in 2D, we know that critical systems have an additive log correction. Well, in 1D, we also know they have an additive log correction, if you wish. But, okay, so the point is that for a gapless system in 1D, the entropy scale is like log L for a region of length L, which is a violation of the constant area law. In 2D, what we have is that it scales like L plus log L, which is not a violation of an upper bound which scales like a constant times L. So it might be that in 2D, even for gapless systems, it holds in general. Now, I guess from a proof point of view, the question is what is the upper bound? From an intuition point of view, I think what people actually want to know is how does it scale? And I'm not sure that quantum metaphysis would call it an area law if it's L plus log L in 2D. They might actually say that there's a logarithmic correction. They would only call it area law if the subleading term is one over L or something which doesn't go with L. That's my feeling. But otherwise, yeah, in 2D, it might work as out-gap. Are there more questions? The log behavior comes from... In 1D, you can see it from renormalization if you kind of say at every length scale the system behaves. If you have a critical system, right? It's scale invariant in 1D. You say at every length scale, it behaves the same. And then you say how much entanglement does this give? You have a fixed amount of entanglement. The next level, you have half the entanglement and the next, you're going to have half the entanglement and then you see you get a logarithmic divergence. You get one plus one half plus one fourth as well. Well, the area law, the proof works for... It's about quantum Hamiltonians, right? It's about entanglement. But I mean, the proof works for any one-dimensional Hamiltonian like Hamiltonian acting on a 1D chain which has a lower bound on the spectral gap as the system gets bigger. I mean, it's all about scaling behavior, these things. Say again? For 2D system... Well, for 2D, we don't have a proof, but we still see it. So that's a point. This is a general law in the sense of that's what you see when you look at systems, but it's only proven in 1D. So in 1D, it's proven for gap systems and we know it doesn't work for gapless systems. I mean, just three fermions in 1D will have a law correction from the Fermi surface, basically. Okay, I should say that in 2D, actually fermions also have a law correction, a multiplicative law correction. So for fermionic systems, also in 2D, it doesn't hold. For spin systems, I'm not sure. Yeah, please. Sure, talk to me.


Hello, what's up? We are on twitch. We are not live, but you can leave a like comment subscribe turn on your post notification bells Let's continue to grow the family for Chicago to the UK man And before we even get into this man, I ain't even gonna lie to you Following presentation is intended for mature audiences contains graphic descriptions and crime scenes of crime scenes adult language Dialogue strong language view discussion is advice. I got to change these. I got new ones Today we're doing that today. I don't core if I conceptualize condone love while you see it you too. Come on now. Make me alone Let's get into this man. This is being born against Jimmy tippet This is a podcast. This is what was my liquid bullet productions Let me subscribe man. First of all, let me subscribe leave a like Because I practice what I preach believe that Let's get into this man. I was watching something they kept bringing his name up. So, you know, that's not why not So what's what that mean? If you're an engineering leader, you probably aren't thrilled when your finance team asks you I forgot to turn on again This is Welcome to a special edition of liquid bullet productions on Roy Vincent and I'm gonna tell you what special today This is my first interview for liquid bullet productions and I have a very special guest today He is the son of Jimmy tippet senior. He's a gangland boxing legend He's here today with us and he's also an underworld associate. He's very well known in the criminal and gangland fraternity He's also the author of the book on gangster. It's Jimmy tippet junior. Nice to meet you, buddy. And you mate That's all right. Absolutely pleasure to have you on and I've been trying to get you for quite a few months I know Johnny is I obviously I'm selling my mum's house. My mum passed away last year I was grieving and I was going a bit wild and a bit and trying to sort of get me head get together but obviously I moved away got myself sorted up north and Yeah, enjoy life all settled now and crack it on so as last week Very good. Yeah working. I'm enjoying that as a straight pal though And uh, no, we had some good people got some very good friends up here. My daughter lives up here. Lovely And it's nice. Nice. I'm back in the gym training and that so you're looking well I bet I'm doing my dad's book the real deal. So that's coming out soon, isn't it? We're really looking forward to that. I'm writing that with a best-selling climber. I called Julie Shaw 20 number one best sellers. We're hoping to get out in March. We'll have that out for you as well We'll advertise that for you. So she needs you got that up and done ready. Let us know and we'll we get that out for you But we're gonna jump straight in and tell us a little bit about your dad. We dad Everyone knows me dad. It's no big dad. He was like folks like legend. He is a legend He was best best dad in the world. He was like he was like to me. He was like Superman He was like he had a presence around him. He was Reminded me a lot of John Gotti. Really? Yeah, he Killed himself a certain way. He was always immaculately dressed and he had a lot He had tons of charisma. If he walked in a room, everyone knew he was in there Yeah, and they all stood up to greet him. Yeah, it was like it was like He's a great leader He's someone that people wanted to be Someone people seeing no matter you know of a movie star when it was with me dad I remember I was off school or it was a Saturday morning I want to be straight away with me dad because I felt like everyone was looking at him and I wanted to be just like him Yeah, yeah He spoke about him or mother your podcast. Yeah, he did yeah, and he dad was like mesmerizing. It was like he Had such something about him and it was all he was to do with the unlicensed boxing There's not wasn't he? No, he was a he was a professional boxer me dad He and then he got involved in the unlicensed fighting with these partner in Richardson. That's right. Yeah Yeah, he did get involved. They don't think they had their own boxing shows at the downham tavern in the 1980s. Yeah It's heaven. Yeah, don't oh my god. I remember going to the raves. Yeah Jack o Tony Wilkes in the DJ. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah them in the days when they are Brilliant days, but we're let's go to sort of dive straight into where you grow up, Jimmy Lucian and grew up on the ferry restate on the ferry restate. Yeah, concrete jungle Yeah, and just so we live next door to Jim Davidson the comedian really but then obviously in the late 70s Me mum she didn't want to live there. She said to me She was a lot younger to be dead and she said look love. I don't want to live on the council estate blah blah blah So they end up getting a nightclub in Bromley the old beavers Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah, which was cool at the time. It was called talk of the county Well, I remember that bought that black club in Bromley a bit more road and then they bought a house their first house in hate There was living on a council was that what was y'all living on a council for if y'all can afford a club Like just because just because it was cheaper 42 by the Avenue. I met the guy that owns that now Robinson Mickey Chapman Mickey Chapman. Yeah, he well, it's his son. He's running. Yeah, one of his sons. He's running it. I think yeah Yeah, excellent. So where was your sort of growing up? Where did you grow up? So I grew up in A's Ken, but obviously the weekends I'd go down with that at the speed up, which is like the legal gambling club where they play kaluki poker Yeah, so I was I used to go spend my weekends down now. Wasn't that good I've done that with my we should call him pop It was my granddad he used to have them because we was all from the all you strung around a lot down the East Lane Yeah, they're near Warth Road. Yeah, of course. Yeah, and he had the illegal betting office in Manor Place Now we used to go down You know Peaky blinders like this is like a recap of peaky blinders like this stuff really be peaky blinders is based loosely on real stuff from the UK Yeah, it's Bob's wait. Yeah. Yeah, that's it. I remember yeah, we used to go down there and Those things I mean used to be feasts in them days. They should nick everything Oh, yeah, yeah, it's like a gun into Aladdin's cave when we use a gun to shot and all the boys are sitting at a green felt table In the background you should take bets for the He was doing he was he was marking up Tony Bell on the chalking up on the bold Yeah And then they had all right the Frenchies the Smiths from Deppford.  Yeah, and he got shot by the police and I know the she was shooting Yeah, yeah, but I grew up with Ronnie because he was always at the Yeah, so all my mates were going out washing cars for like all day long for a fiver and I'll be up the spill on a Saturday Just do a few teas and sandwiches. Yeah Ronnie go on one of the Smiths. They go, there's a score there Jim That's it. I'm not scoring like the eighties. It's like it's like I've seen that a good Money They cash me jumpers on all out of their little pinky rings on all their nice car And it was just that was what I think that was my sort of I don't know. It was my it was I felt like every out of good feelings.  My dad was like Paulie, you know, like he would have walking I don't know, but it was it was great great issues for me with the eighties growing up Yeah, I'm not in 70. I was I'm thinking you're about the same way you're 50 71.  I mean my mum and dad don't I mean my mum she tried to determine from I love the spill. She didn't like me going up there being mellow sort of people But I thought because of me dad and his friends were I'd mix with their children. Yeah So and then obviously we weren't like if my dad was a bricklayer I'd mix around with other builders sons That's true. That's true.  Okay. That is what he was. It was all these friends were big like bosses and crime bosses So I'll mix with their children. Of course. You can't get out of it So yeah, so like my mother dad's friends with the great train robbers and like the Brinksman robbers and Charlie Richardson any Richardson So we'd hang around with their families. Yeah, but they say didn't they? So not only was your dad a gangster Everybody around them was known gangsters No, not little ones known big time Okay If it's in your blood, it's in your blood. Oh, yeah. Yeah.  You know having your father figure like your dad who's well-known and popular in the underworld To be honest, it put me to my little fucker and you can I could do what I wanted, but This dude, let me move Let me get That's added on the platform. Let's move around to Maybe I can just get out the way But not okay, that's good right? Yeah, I can see me And then yeah, then you know friends of ours is Paul Stuckton and Johnny Lister as Yeah, but they just always look at I was always up to no good Always like to get me out of trouble. It's me trying to read the closed caption When I was a kid and that's so I always had it I could do it was I was given the keys to the city I could do what I wanted. Yeah, and like with no sort of it really took me a little bit naughty really because it Give you like sort of a license to steal it.   I'm appalled of these ever since I've lost me Mom was a very hard-working lady and when she died She saw she she really looked after me and she's sort of she said an awful lot of stuff to me You know, I've wasted a lot of years down to cocaine and They see me like silly prison sentences being mad at wrong people and being used by obviously because of every name And what it can do for me, but no, I don't want a totally different life It's I love that I still go out. I've got a beautiful girlfriend And yeah, we have some lovely nights out in London. We travel the world, but it's I'm fighting life quieter now Yeah, you got a step away from it in your son's house. I don't make some criminals anymore I just paid a big pocket fine off which is proceeds of cry back that's been hanging over me for 10 years I've just paid that gets you that in a minute.  As soon as I was at that piece really Yes, I was always a naughty kid Did you start your sort of I think I said school it was like I remember that like someone up the spill you day Well, I see what you could do with that. They bug me like a soap bar, you know, like the old cannabis resin Yeah, it's sling it in the microwave for about a minute. He said play cut it into little chunks He said you'd be able to do them at ten as a chunk at school and he give it to me for free I thought and all the kids were going well for it.  It's like I've been up the spill when I've heard like I've heard a bottle like just for like that too I'm just being you and I just found I'm 12 years old I didn't like and then obviously all the stolen gear would come up there or they give me the moody much ease And I'll just be like knocking it all out. It was like brilliant. I loved it Yeah, I know does it seem you it is quite an euphoric moment, isn't it? Yeah, and obviously they get and you start to get into designer clothes going out with girls and obviously I started boxing, but Boxing really for me at first it won't know it won't I had a talent for it Obviously was in my blood my grandfather my grandfather was a bare knuckle fighter And he spent five was a better knuckle fighter. I was a great I was a good little fighter, but I never liked the idea of being a super featherweight. Yeah, as I said to you I used to watch Mike Tyson.  You're super featherweight. I mean dad. No, he was son that listen, and I hated the word because I thought he looked muggy This is the same old like crime boxing and money UK man, that's the UK gangster for you Yeah The thing is looking back now. Let's see if I'll just say this in February. I don't look anyone out But yeah, you can't need to put weight on to try and get as close as I could to well Yeah, yeah, which was silly because silly because I couldn't win but I'll try my best I give it all I had but I fell into drugs in an early age. So yeah, yeah I think we all did as it was the ease and the raving and the coke. Yeah. Yeah, that started in the About 89 90 Yeah, I mean that was that was the prime time I think I was I think I was sort of 87 I lost my 90s. I put the 90s up if I could delete any part of my life It'd be the 90s Delayed really that you really bad really bad. I went through a lot of times with my mom and dad not talking to me for periods of the whole 90s So I am I really really I was like living from sofa to sofa as it I was It wasn't a good time for me. Yeah, I really hit my all-time bottom low No matter how much of I did all my first prison sentences Getting round the load of gangsters who were no good They was using me because of what dad was they had me round them because it's They got a pain that they get in a lay with my dad like protection like for nothing Yeah, so and I was I was severely used and I'm a bit better interested over that But obviously you live in there and you see that these people are there's no honor amongst thieves No, no, that's all this. Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, listen, they don't crash as soon as look at you Yeah, the drug dealers all grass in that person's you get to It's there's no law. We know I'm not someone's wife goes to prison in the first month They try and look after it in other ways. Yeah, that's the way it's going this day and age I know but when when did you actually think that you was different or when did you feel it was a little bit different from others?  Yeah, thank you. If I wanted a mini motorbike. I've got it if I wanted it No, no, no, no, no, I don't want the kids around us And then we had horses and then my mother dad went from a three-bedroom semi-detached house This is around the big smat robbery time. Yeah, both my parents are dead now. So I'm not implicated We got to do that too, man. I got I got I Got the documentary, but I just don't if I watch it and I can't post it and it get black. I'm gonna be upset They've been anyway, but no after the bell of banks that time we moved into a big five-bedroom detached like to the style house in Keston, which is like the Beverly Hills of Ken If you lived in Keston, you was like that. That's it. You made it made it. It was the multi minute It was a millionaire's playground, but that we moved up to there and be mother dead Life went a lot lot better then Yeah, it sounds like it as well. I mean what what sort of inspired inspired you at this age? What was the inspiration as a kid? I was just I was never advised Because I used to treat school like a guy like like a party I'd go there to have fun look out all my little bits and pieces and Follow a few of the girls I liked around and just see me friends and have a laugh I didn't take it seriously. Yeah Let's go concentrate. Let's go get good grades. You know saying I would I would do what I had to do the past But I was going more like for the females I was in school strictly for females You know me like for what else I'm in high school. I mean here Tray I remember the careers officer. She went what you want to do Well, I would be like me dad. She would what is that though? Well, he gets up about 11 o'clock in the morning. He puts his suit on Yeah, that's it goes to the snooker as a game of snooker goes for breakfast or lunch with his friends goes to the pub Comes up as a sleep and he goes out to his nightclub. She went.  It was like that was my thing with her sort of was it sort of Your elders who were trying to sort of put you on the right right road And I just thought no this ain't for me. She wanted to give me a job in a bank I was thinking out to get the money out of the bank without work. Yeah It's in you. It's you say you're one Although I know it. Yeah. Yeah, I mean obviously you have to step out of that Literally naughty by nature Honestly, it's it's lovely to be it's lovely to be the way I am now Look back.  Yeah, I've done a step for a year. We can I forgot to tell you we got a partner with the blueprint mastermind Don't forget to go over there and leave a like comment and subscribe We do do the group podcast over there and you know Stuff like that If you're looking for any of my old videos, I have to delete them off this channel. They are over here on facebook Anyway, it's back to the regular schedule program I got to do more of these podcasts. Y'all used to tell me to do them all the time. It's pretty interesting I ain't gonna hold you it's uh And I saw a lot of people come out of woodwork and scrounge because my mom had a lot of money They scrounge around there And she was a bit wasn't too there at the end of it. And I feel that a few people were close to her Took liberties with her. Really? Yeah. Yeah, that's not good. No, and I feel and My dad would be turning in his grave if you could see it. Yeah, I know I can well imagine But the thing is I got I got well looked after but it's uh, and I've done a few ups and downs But you live and learn I mean look I've done wrong in life. It's What um, what sort of criminality did you start off with? I worked for a gang in south london, uh, funny. I just like driving about like we I drop a little bit of work off here and there and I get paid on on on each bit of work, which was dropped off And then if you use a brown bag boy Brown bag boy pick up make deliveries get the money bring it back Brown bag boy, okay Like move there's a little firm of our brothers They would like they would do their bit of work and it asked me to move one of the cars And he went from doing that to going on a bit of work and having a cash box and I found it really exciting and and the thrill of it. The thrill and I was lucky. I got nicked on a few and I think I was Very lucky because it put the wind up me a little bit because I saw a few pals get 15s Really and there was like a family friend of ours called periteroli He was always in and out for our robberies in south london. Yeah When he says I've seen a friend of mine get 15s. Is that like 15 years? You prolific hard robber And obviously with the big smack boys all get Sentences by robinson close friend of my dad's And obviously, uh, Ronnie used to book getting shot On the bit of work and he'd get a live sentence. Yeah, I know Brian.  That's what I mean one was four Yeah, we used to party every day the week and in the end it was it was literally we go And that's how I was when I was in Chicago, man.  Yeah, thieving. It was like, of course.  Hold on. I put this the last time I pause it I put these subtitles on Because he was talking fast But now I don't really need them anymore, but I'm leaving them on here because it's funny to see These are auto generators. It's funny to see you two try to keep up with what The one Harry Awood's one Flash Harry that's my dad's best mate champs. Yeah champs. He changed. It was cheeks And that's it cheeks and someone got stabbed to death outside. They would become champs and then it was se8s Right, so it changed and then Dave courtly took it over and it would come future when he didn't take it over My dad got Dave Every had a reconstruction order on it. So my dad got in touch with Dave I said, oh Dave defensive running this then Dave started run it as futures Oh, yeah, there was some memorandum days there again. They're the ones Yes, they were they were like really really good nights Yeah, you want to wipe them out, but I just really love to relive them because they were some excellent times Where do you think your activities have got you today? Why is uh smarter? Do you know something Many for the grave I suppose no no, uh Johnny is looking back. I think it's one of the might be dad's book which is I think that's been really inspirational for me Yeah, because we've done it and such an incredible life right me dad's book It's been really inspirational because He's a legendary character. He was the nicest man A friend of mine I was talking to I'm very close to he's very big in the underworld friend of mine called Paul from Essex He sort looks after me now and sort of has my back and he's round some very powerful people And he's sort of just said Jim. I've never heard a bad word said about your dad and even to this day His legacy carries on and that's very strong for considering he died six years ago But my dad was a gentleman he would my dad always said to me he said son forget the gangsters. They're no good He said listen He said the cray twins. He said listen everybody. He said all these people want to put yourself out of great He said there's no value around them son. He said he said listen I he said they're full friends of mine. He said I've grown up from from the age of 12 He said but son there's no value. I said what do you mean? It's son He said you've got two conquers at school.  What do you mean son? He said what's the point of having a wing mirror on a conker? There's no value It's absolutely useless. He said that's with them son. He said he said son. He said They are what they are. He said look they went to prison at 36 They're they they they they gave their own notoriety for like he said That reggie was he said was his favorite because he was a bit of a talker could have around when he said Ronnie He was a bit twisted and a bit like messed up with the medication and that Yeah, Charlie was just like a con man who was just down to try and grab a monkey But don't you say you've only ever wanted was a monkey a monkey A monkey in his pocket for a night's drinking it that was all Charlie ever wanted So what is a monkey? Like monkey is money The how is it a certain amount of money, but okay, here's my coin now. That's a that like that's a good point Gangsters are useless Like let's let's think about it though Like what value are you adding to anything like Like there's hustlers. There's gangsters and there's street dudes Street dudes normally just know the lay of the land They know how to get by They know how to get a little money to get you know, I'm saying get what they need A hustler A hustler is going to get it by any means possible And they normally you can conform to any environment that like chameleons I would call myself a hustler like a like a chameleon I could get in anywhere. I could get what I need him, you know No, but a gangster, what are you doing? What are you doing? What you got going on? Bunch of negativity But me dad me dad was obviously close with Charlie and Eddie and obviously aria Because he was he was born in Greenwich me dad Right, so he was uh south east London boy, but his mother's born in hoxton in east London So we had so to connect so yeah, but would be dad being a famous boxer He would go east west north south. He could go anywhere he wanted And the dad's friends were very powerful people like Georgie Walker Yeah, it was a famous british heavyweight fighter who looked after the old gangster billy ill But but george went on to build a brent walker which was a billion billion pound company And it lost it all they went off to russia Very very powerful man george and his daughter ended up married into a royalty Really? Yeah, so he was like one of my dad's closest friends and then there was ronnie olive from south london very powerful big gang boss He never spent a day in jail same as my dad And then my dad was very close with george porit.  Yeah What I was just saying like against it like not it I'm not saying hustlers are not part of gangs But they're normally in the hierarchy of them, you know what i'm saying the hustler because they have the huster mind Said their problem solvers they get stuff done They're normally at the top of the food chain They're not out doing You know they give them they bark in the water It's clarification Well, like penny noi was up there, wouldn't he? Yeah, yeah, and uh scouse norman But that's friend scouse norman johnson. He was like he's a big big player in libra pool He uh Had an affair with the princess of oman Oh, and he was and then he also used to work with the mafia in new york He worked with russel buffalino who the film the irishman was based over really jo pesky played russel buffalino But norman was working with russel buffalino in the 70s laties. Yeah Yeah, and they wrote a great book called black eyes and blue blood But he was one of my dad's closest friends and it was like a group of them And I don't like the untouchables. They were like they'd all got to the They were like boxers as well. That was a funny thing Yeah But growing up as a kid like we'd have ray winston come to the house and my dad's best friend I'll film with ray. You're raised lovely. He's wicked. Yeah, my dad's best friend was paul moriarty Who played actually arian lockstuck. Oh, yeah. Yeah to the end of my dad died Somewise no, not some wise he died a bit clay at the nursing home in bit clay Right, okay And what happened was paul used to visit him every single week. They caught me visiting him a few times Yeah, we did a lot of famous visitors up there But yeah, paul moriarty visiting him every week in he's he's on his last birthday He kindly put two gym my hero. Thanks for the last 60 years And that was a beautiful lovely he played a blinder in their film Yeah, along the fire they played mazes didn't he? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, he was wicked. They're just playing that actor in He was yeah, he's great. Imagine as a kid coming over.  Yeah, we had donald suverland the hollywood actor Bernie Eccleston Formula one motor racing boss georgie wall cut just in the villnove who was the one who made twiggy famous We had bob gildoff It was like And then my dad had just done a film called number one It's the number one. No, it's called number one and it was based on a snooker player Uh, right called the bob gildoff as a snooker player called flash snooker player. What is snooker? I'm learning new sports a snooker player. Did he do this? charry And there was a it was it was based in and around Lucian and defford, but it was all but my dad had a big pie there as well Did he? Yeah, the sergeant cryer out in the bill. Yeah, so we went to the premiere I remember my mum got young because uh, paulie yates was in it.   It's like my mum never swore. She was just like my mum could be a little bit like She was the one who wore the trousers with my dad. Really? My dad was uh, he never cheated on my mum. He was uh, he was He was a proper gentleman But if they went out and then anyone in my dad would only have to look at you He was he had that much power and presence. Yeah. It was very hard really for me To transition over from a boy to a man because of the dad I had really if I had a dad who was a build I'd have been a builder son. Yeah, that's the thing having a dad who I had I mean, I could have been if I would have gotten the drugs. I would have probably been Who knows you don't know but obviously having a dad I had it's sort of It opened a lot of doors, but it also closed a lot of doors.  It's tough Can't do work by place kind of because a lot of people were fighting to have to be random because of me They wouldn't want to case anything happen. They've got to answer to it. Yeah, they're dead. Yeah And I saw me dad sometimes when it was in the spiel He was a big shootout one day between the family from Deppford and someone who just took a liberty And my dad got older the geezer coming in the spiel with a big knife And that's the first time I've ever seen my dad go to work and he went listen. He this geezer's name was uh, I could see I could say his name. I like Um, I wouldn't know. No, no, no, no. It was like I tell you I could say his nickname It was called the plug. It was and it it went into Ari Abel's club once and flasharies Stabbed one of the door but right up Ari's pulled the gun out come out and shot him as he was running out the club shot him Bro, hey, it was like a wild wild western London back then, huh?  I've just I've just I've never seen It was like this geezer's head. It was like saying out of a cartoon He's like his face went all like distorted He like had seven strokes in one and he just hit the floor and my dad got the knife and ran it straight in his shoulder And I thought I was like Don't let young Jim see that don't let young Jim see that. I was rushed off They grabbed him round pulled up. They'd be down. It comes and then I was pulled out the back Greatly dead to be done in an old voice at the time the silver shadow We've got my dad's old voice and we just drive up my dad went. Oh, son. He was only missing. We was only missing about He's missing about but I knew it weren't missing about no You were missing about that was a real deal Red liquid coming out that boy wasn't it because it was like it was quick over and the boys have got me Rub me to the back of the kitchen and and it was there's some bird who was helping me do the tease She went, no, no, no, you got to go down.  He would never take a liberty of anybody Yeah, no, that's it. If y'all got any documentaries or podcast type things or anything like documentaries Maybe y'all think I can watch what out there being like Overly down my back You know I'm saying just leave leave them in the comments and if you'd like what's going on right now just hit the like button Because this does the gotta be the news type of style man I like when people sit down and just tell the story instead of reenactments and and all this other stuff Because the policies, you know, they're good. Yeah, they're morals. They did in those days I mean no with me I lost taking getting his cocaine was like I would say it's a devil's stuff I lost all all sense of morality all sense of respect. I would have rubbed off my own mum. That's the truth. That's how bad it The coat got me bad I've had little goes here and then it doesn't do the same thing for me now. I think it's totally Yeah It's now there's so much violence when it's it's a different it's a different world now It's I was very lucky to grow up in the 80s. I I mean, obviously I was very gifted. I mean my dad put me in the film business I was in the Batman movie with Jack Nicholson. It was really I was a stunt eyes And he Eddie Stacey was a stunt coordinator on the film really Broke that the best life I ever heard like I'm not trying to condone anything that was going on, but like He got a storied life like this is like he's He's he wasn't the main character because his dad and all these other name characters, but he was like He was on the verge of being a main character. He wasn't a non playable character He was a main Person like if you play group gta, you remember how you could switch over to the next main character You can switch over to him if you want to That's tough Oh, I played a little stunt eyes on there.  I was taking five six hundred quid a light And I remember buying the first beer. I bought a BMW 316 brand spanking. No when I was 17 But then I thought why don't I want to go to all my mates were gonna work for like silly money hundreds of quid a month And I was only that a light. Yeah, nice. So but with the field game you'd phone up central cast in the garden Because my dad was Jimmy you couldn't have two Jimmy's so I'm gonna be on my middle name I'll go Gary tip it every day at four o'clock. They go. Oh, you've got some work for you, Jimmy It's a paradise club tomorrow.  Yeah, she's well, wouldn't it? Yeah It was all cash, but I'd done press gang.   Love Yeah, he's a lot of sick people perform I really enjoyed that film game and a lot of my friends like Tony denim who's now a big star Tony Tony Tony funny story with me and Tony We was on the Batman movie and uh, we was getting paid out at the end of the film And uh, it was six in the morning and my dad was the security on the film and he was looking after Jack Nicholson So when they was paid out, they had thousands to pay out So they had my dad there when all the money was paid out And in the stunt guy who played uh done all the stunts for Michael Keaton in the Batman outfit was a guy called Dave Lee I'm actually out there. Yeah. I think he just recently died. He died don't be. Yeah And he was in the queue and he went to my dad's power date the olds that's the johnny and davie olds the twins he's uh, baby old son, uh, Dave he went, uh Uh, excuse me, come on.   We're queuing up the same as you are. I mean, no, mate. I'm the stunt guy I said, you know, do you know I am and I remember Dave getting crashed knocking him a spark out of my hand Tony denim is next to him But it was funny because we was like and then I saw Tony obviously rise through the ranks the same as Tana's done really well Tamarassan, yeah, yeah, yeah I've known Tana for 30 years Oh, it's quite funny because often with quite a few people it was all meant to do The fact that he was on a Batman movie, Jack Nichols, like that's wild Isn't that wild to nobody else but me? Okay, it's just me, yeah It's the same way we lived, it's where we lived. You got all that, I mean, you got JV4, but if I know Obviously, Fred was a good close friend of his dad's I love to say I knew Greg, Greg had the pub in, uh, Farmer Village and then he had the one at the uh The uh, with more, uh, probably You went more green, right? No, but someone, uh, there was a bit, I think you still got it, Lee, with Lisa Is it the, um, The Working Bands Club? Yeah, no, no, that's Jack Holmes, then you got uh, you got the, Dear Tilly Road Oh, Tilly Road, yeah, yeah, yeah No, Tilly Road is, it's near the White House, near the White House, it's up to the end of the pub Yeah, I feel like I know what you're talking about now, yeah It'll come to you So, I mean, after all of that, it's been going on, what was the biggest job that you've actually done? I've got accused of a robbery, which is, yeah, it sounds like I've got accused I've got accused, mm-hmm, that's just as good as saying, allegedly Yeah, fucking, Ocean's Eleven, they'll say, silly like that, but no A friend of mine was leaped on a robbery in 1991, uh, it was the, what they said it was the world's biggest ever robbery, it was the Berabond robbery, yeah, in uh, the city where $200 million per pound worth of Berabond's, yeah, was stolen off a city broker, it was carrying them Okay, yeah But my friend Pat Thomas was the so-called mugger at the time, but he was accused of taking the bonds So that later that day, when he'd done the bit of work, we was all at a place called Charlie's, my bar in Lucian, Lucian High Street, which was one of my dad's friend's bars, every, every villain in the house used to go there, it was like, saying out of good feelings, and it was, the police were watching, you could see the cameras over the road, yeah 24 hours a day, you had, it was full of money Think about this, man, there's so many villains, real life villains in the world that somebody along the way thought about making superheroes, where there's not real superheroes in the world, there's not, like as far as Batman, Avengers, but there's nobody to combat how many villains there are, and when he say like all of these villains congregate, yeah, yeah, you're right Man character villains, and he like he said, his dad never went to jail, that's tough Those boys, he's in Jagsons, every face in London, all the Big Spat boys, anyone who was anyone was in there, and the policeman even made a remark later on in a book, a guy called Peter Bleaksley, said, say if the roof would have gone in that, in the light, in that place, it would have wiped out 90% of South London's underworld Yeah, that's right, yeah, yeah, I don't think it's wrong No, yeah, so Pat did do the robbery, and then Pat ended up getting shot dead on his door, I'd been out of him that day, he got frisked for a gun at the ministry of sound by the boys, refused to go in now, and he got shot dead on his doorstep in broccoli in the early hours of the morning, but it's a shame, and a lot of the sort of crowd, and then I used to work with a guy called Eugene Carter, do you remember Eugene? He was a big time drunk baron, basically what it was, there was a lot of boys in South London who were using Brinks about money to put into the other game, and obviously it was, there was a lot of money around South London, Eugene Cartier they used to call him, because he'd have an underground Cartier watch on Eugene Cartier? Cartier, yeah, he's Uncle Johnny Carr, who used to cut, thank you, thank you, thank you, Eugene Cartier, that's a W nickname, isn't it?  Yeah, you couldn't even whisper this sort of stuff years ago, do you know what I mean? No, no, no, that's where you've got full-cars branch, but I watch a lot of people's podcasts, I like Kevin Lane, I like Ray Bishop, and I like Terry Ellis, a lot of these people, they're the real deal, very, very strong-eyed men, and they've got a story to tell, and it's how life has tricked somebody, and you only get out what you put in now.  You know it's crazy, man, people from the outside looking in, they don't even realize that some people are born into this and they have no, like, sure, yes, you do have an option at the end of the day, but when you're surrounded by it, it only seems like one option. You don't know anything else, because it's not presented to you, and you don't know what's going on. To be honest, I don't think, even if I had the dad I had, I think I'd still be a little fucker. Yeah, I think we'd still have that upbringing that we did. Listen, I always wanted to be better than everybody else, I love the nice bit of desire to close, I always loved the kettle, and I always wanted to stand out for the crowd, and I suppose being naughty was the only way what was going to make me stand out.   Yeah, and of course, come out, didn't you see, you've got loads of money, you know, that must be cake, don't you? Bit of Peter Cardy, wouldn't you? Oh my God, we got their memory lane here.  Did you sort of invest the money wisely or? No, actually, I went out. No, he told us this earlier. No, he said he was living for the day. That ain't changed. I bought him, I think the first job we ever done, I was only younger, about 19, I had about 45 grand, and I went out and bought him a Sadie's Cosworth, one nightly Cosworth, a little gold midi Rolex. Yeah. I had a wild weekend that liked my skin. So you like your watches? Oh yeah, yeah, it's funny enough, that one, my parents bought me that, I mean, 18th birthday, and it's funny because I sold it, I was in Miami a year later, my skin had sold it, so we obviously, when my mum left me a bit of watches now, I cashed one in and bought this one, the same watch I had when I was 18. Right, gotcha, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. It's got memories for me, but I love watches, I buy and sell watches now, I flip watches, I've got to do really well with watches, I flip watches, but I don't really wear them, if I'm going out in the evening, I won't wear them. Right, okay.  Yeah, I'm about to say, you wear a watch, man. Didn't a soccer player get robbed in London, a football player get robbed when he was watching London? You can't even wear them, you buy nice. That's around the world, hitting licks is like a, it's like a job now.  Yeah, yeah. But I don't want to know, no, London's changed for me now, I still love going out, I love Mayfair, if you've got a motorbike, or a scooter thing, and you're driving around, just as you drive past it, grabbing phones at people's ends. I know, listen, I'm very, very low-key in London, if I go to London now, I tend to go to restaurants which are high up, or we go and get a lift to go up, it's like, especially Mayfair, it's like hunting ground, which you've got the richest people in the world, and then you get all the little predators there, waiting on the street corners, waiting for their little Charles. Yeah, just watching them. It's like, what I say to people, listen, it's weird. It's like California. If I was like, the way I saw it, or I sort of, the people would say that fee, you know, what a disgusting fee, what the, but listen, if I woke up and I was hungry. Excuse me, what kind of car do you drive? Um, a 2014 Parola, like. And how much do you pay for car insurance these days, mate? I've got to go and get something, I've got to go and get something to fill, to fill feed. Yeah. If a lion's in the jungle, it don't say to the little baby antelope, or you can't do that because you're not allowed to do that, it grabs it and kills it, because it has to. Yeah, that's true. It's a cycle of life. And unfortunately something. But you know what separates us from a wild animal? Cognitive thinking. We can think about stuff. We can, we can, we can make a plan. We can, you know what I'm saying? So comparing yourself to a wild animal, it's kind of wild in itself. You know what I'm saying? Because that's literally not the case. But I get it. I give what you're saying. People are still going to love us. And if, I mean, there, there, there, there's laws there, but you know yourself, the government, break more laws than anyone. Of course they do. Yeah, there's no, no law anywhere anymore. But we used to do it just to be able to go out and pay for the first year, Friday, Saturday, Sunday nights. Well, you wouldn't say that. You wrap it to a few wraps of coke and sell a few wraps of salt and sell a few Aussies. I mean, you wouldn't say no harm in that. But now you, now you fucking, you're getting a big prison sentence.  But now you get your poker. So crime doesn't pay now. I mean, I've just had to pay a big poker. And it's, it's wiped out most of my inheritance. We can get up to that in a minute. But have you ever been to prison? Yeah, I first went to prison in 1993. I went to high-down prison. Four. That was for Feft. Feft of a Rolex, funny enough. Feft of a Rolex. Feft of a Rolex. Well, we're not on a moped. Many of you were. No, this was a, it'd given it to a cell. And I just don't come back with the money. And it was, no, I got a six-month judgment. It was a short, sharp shock. I remember going into that van. And the funny thing was, it was rude. Because the geezer would put me on the van. It was a geezer I've knocked out at school. No, you're joking. I remember his name. I'll come over and mention his phone number. His name was Brian, a big old lad. And he, I remember he had, he had like an horrible smirk on his face. You know, like, it was like, it was like. Refix, mate. Yeah, and I remember cuffing me up and putting me into the little fucking, the little cubicle. And when I got to my eye down, it was, you know, Banston is sorry. And it was like, I got there and I thought, oh, it was like, it was like, it was like a bad dream. Like the schools could be playing kicks with plastic plate and cup and that. Lock me in the cell. There was no TV set in those days. You'd have to buy your own radio. And this was 93. Yeah. And I remember. So it was terrible. So in 93, I wouldn't play in Xboxes. It was only this year. 2010, no. Lay down a bit. I remember in the morning it was like, and then you could all this here, you know, the doors, the keys, all the doors up and all the echo. They went down to breakfast, like two spices and bread toast and a boiled egg and a bit of beans.  This is all. No ham, no bacon, no sausage. No, they gave you beans for protein. That alone should make people want to stay away from crying.  What else do you say? And a boiled egg. Is that when it hit home? Yeah, but then obviously I got nicks on an attempted murder. Funny enough, you probably remember this. It was at the, I always don't know, there was a pub. I was nicked with, well, I took the nicking, but they said it was me, one of the Ariffs, the young Ariffs, Mark Zanelli, and a guy called Johnny Aywood, who later got on 18 years with Stevie Poirot on the way to work on it with a machine gun, back 10. And we went in the pub, but they said we went in the pub. They said we went in the pub, pulled this. You can remember now, allegedly. Guy out, they said I stuck a 10-inch knife in him, which narrowly missed his heart, and then someone else CS gasped the pub. It was the Lord Homestale. Yes, Lord Homestale. Do you remember that? Yeah, he was on the front page of the news shopper. How many stories did Jimmy Tippett got? And this is the junior. How many stories does he got? In this 45 minutes, he's told at least 12 stories. Like, 12 stories that would be enough. One of these stories alone would be enough for the average person. Like, all right, I got to chill out. Bro got 12 of these. CS gas gang attack pub. I got nicked for it. They said I was the knife man, so I got nicked. I spent 12 weeks on Ramon. I downed for it. When I was there, funny enough, I was with Perry Taroni, every page, what he used to book. I was away with Ronny. Really? Yeah, and it was so funny to see Ronny inside. Yeah, of course. Like, seeing him in the spill room for you. You feel a bit safe for him. Yeah, and then the prime robber and someone's in there.   And I was around, and it was like proper old Sydney Carter, who just recently died. Champagne Sidney, they used to call it the best cat burger in London. Yeah. And I was around all the proper boys. Sydney Carter, that sounds interesting. I'm going to see that. Oh, we was living life good in there then. It's a laugh. Then I thought, I don't really belong in prison now. I was a bit gated to leave him. And then one day, a couple of scoots went back, your kit tipped it, all your charges had been dropped. So you're going. Really? But then the police were waiting outside for me. I remember his name, D.C. Phillips. He was like an ex rugby copper. He had a bit of a scary looking fucker. Don't forget his name. The scary looking fucker he was.  He said, but we know you sent people to the hospital, blah, blah, blah, which I never did. But obviously my friends might have done it. I don't know. But I've known it. I was hoping so. But no, they said, we know you've done it. You're lucky. You're lucky. You're lucky. You're lucky. He was lucky to live. Yeah.  And then I was so obviously had John and Johnny Mr. and Paul stopped him behind me. If things got too wrong. Yeah, yeah. You're safe with him too, aren't you? But yeah, so he's got to blow me nose again. So yeah. But there was a kind of some amazing thing. Because a female Bobby. That's from my life. Bugger sugar, you didn't inhale. Woo. My bad. Would you remember Michael Fitzpatrick? Yes. Yeah. So you remember that murder? Yes, I do. One of the women under the feet. Yeah. Because what happened is Michael, old friend of my dad's, some money. So my dad went up to the scrapyard. Yeah. I went, Michael, where's this bit of money? And Michael, obviously everyone was terrified of it. Michael went, oh, get the money. I'll get the money. And they paid him. And that's at the same time the woman, it was his mother-in-law, wasn't it? Yes. Yeah, apparently they had got her, didn't they? They kidnapped her in the car. What, for the money, insurance money, right? No, for the, the geezer invented the power shower, didn't he, the dad? Yeah. The dad. Oh, was it a demand? Sorry? Was it a demand for money? No, it was. So for what, for what you're hearing the story, is I think the father-in-law approached Michael. Yeah. To get rid of her. That's right, yeah. And Michael, I always liked Michael, but Michael always had that, he was like a grim reaper. He could have a fight, couldn't he? But yeah, he had darkness, too. Darkness, yeah, yeah, yeah. Paul Stockthieber said he, because Paul done the black magic. That's right, yeah. Michael Fitzpatrick had that, he had a dark aura about him.  Yeah. And Michael went up, pay me. This is a lot of people in Chicago like Michael. Dad, terrified of me. Dad, so that's what the devil got, the devil got his comeuppance. But no, when she got murdered, there was a lot, the body was being moved about, wasn't it, quite a few places at the time? It was like the big news of the 90s at the time, wasn't it? But Michael then went off with Pickle, didn't he? They was doing the arm rubbers. Pickle, yeah, yeah. He died of cancer a few years back, didn't he? That's right, yeah. He was only 49. That's what I mean, it's no age to die, is it? I've got a friend of mine at the moment, boxer Mark Potter, he's 47, he's dying of cancer. Strong as a locks, but that's what I'm saying, that he lived a healthy life. Yeah. And it's me, I'm 51, I've partied for 30 years. Yeah, same all the time. More often to be self-delayed, what's good. And I'm still strong as a locks, yeah. Yeah, yeah, it's weird, isn't it? It's weird, I guess.  We had a conversation with my friends, like, dang, it'd be crazy, like, you'd be looking at the world, like all these innocent people staying away from this, staying away from doing all these good things. They'd be getting deceased early, man, they'd be gone early. Didn't you take a look at somebody like, you know, just somebody that's not living good. And they just thriving, living a long life, you know what I'm saying? I was having a convo not long ago, man.  Sort of partners or girlfriends or whatever. I didn't actually... I wasn't really... She lived back then, I was seeing a girl from Bourbon, see, she used to come and see me. It was... Girls were like very... We weren't really... It wasn't... I didn't have a lot of relationships in the life, it was more girlfriends for a few nights. So it was... Yeah, yeah, it was just always a girlfriend, yeah. I've been here for a good time, not a long time, you know, Jenny, that was funny. It was a girlfriend for the night, yeah. When you was in prison, did you... When you was in prison, did you learn a lot more about the criminal underworld? Of course you do, because you see how people are getting caught, you see how people could have not got caught. It's the university of... Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, that's the university of criminals. Cool, crime, isn't it? It's the university of crime. It's like the university of the criminals. Because you're learning history of these occupations, you're taking those... I mean, I met some fraudsters in there and some businessmen. I've earned an awful lot of money out of people I met in jail. I met an old farmer once in jail, and he said to me, oh, please come and see me. He had stashed away nearly five million pounds worth of gold. Which his friend had got on a robbery, but then died in France. No. And a heart attack with these mistress in France. But the farmer was so straight up, he'd been nicked for something to do with his tax returns, but then told me, as I've got all this gold, how do I get rid of it?   So to say, I had a good couple of years of living after meeting the farmer. I had some great times. That's his next question. He said, did you acquire any friends in this business? Yeah, loads, loads. Listen, obviously, I'm not through my dad. I know, I'm not going to mention names, but I know the top firms in London. I know everybody, when we're good or bad, but I know everybody, but... And it's, oh, yeah, in prison, I met a lot of good friends in prison, but obviously, there is no other amongst thieves. And if they could get one over on you, it's people, you see money changes, people. Yeah, it does, doesn't it? And I've seen that firsthand with myself when I've come into money and I've missed some pieces. And it's... Now I'd rather choose my friends very carefully. I have a very small bunch of friends on one hand. Yeah, we're checking out social media. We've got about 37 connected friends in our group. Yeah, it's like... Social media's been good, but I find Instagram, I like, because that fits him with my lifestyle, the glitz and glamour.  I've always got a beautiful woman in tow, I like to drink the best champagne, I like to eat the best food, and I travel to the best places, and I love the nicest clothes. That's perfect for that, isn't it, Instagram? Of course it is, and I think my life... But Facebook, I find, is a lot of fraudsters, haters, people with no lives who look down on other people's, but would love to see you, like, save someone for...  They'd, ah, they'd love it, they'd absolutely love it. But unfortunately, that's never gonna happen. No, they won't. I'm not gonna lie, at 51, he has a great take on social media. That's literally what it is, Facebook and Instagram. Even though they're owned by the same company, they're two different completely black ones, man, that's crazy. I'm one of those people who has looked down and comes back 10 times higher, but... Yes, mate, I know what you mean, but have you experienced any problems with people on social media? Yeah, I've found a lot of haters, I mean, I would love to name them, but the joy is, I normally find it's the failed writers, you know, people, I got approached by John Blake to write a book. He approached me and said, Jimmy, your dad won't write a book, but they didn't agree with it. And my dad said, he said, I would love to get your story, your book, you'd serve the fascinating character. And John Blake, he's like the hierarchy of the publishers. Okay.  Or Lee, she's done. Anyone that cast pen and he's done it. Anyone who's anyone in the critic, like the Molly Knight, Chopper, Chopper Reed, he's done all the top people. So when he'd done that, I think a lot of people on social media, there's a few people sort of, everyone wants to write a book, everyone's got a story to tell. But not everyone wants to read that story, that story, whether they have any, nothing interesting chapters. But a few people on Facebook, I'd love to lay one of them, but I wouldn't even waste my air time with him. I think he'd done a podcast with him once. But they write books, they publish them themselves because they can't get published by it. Because now to write a book, you have to have a literary agent who submits that to a publisher. That's why it's happening now. It's happening more for your memoirs. Yeah, it's hard to know. I have publishers calling me all the time to write new books. Really? Yeah, because they know I've got a great story to tell. I have people message me on social media and say, your life, you give me inspiration. I look at your life on social media and see your beautiful girlfriend and how you live and what you get up to. And the first thing I do in the morning is put on social media to see what you're up to.  Oh yeah. But then those haters make me appreciate. They make me, they make me work even harder because then they're the ones I really want to wipe the smile off their faces. But I couldn't even smile anyway. Yeah.  Well, we're gonna wrap it up there now for where this is the end of Part One. That was absolutely excellent, Jimmy. And we're gonna go into Part Two. So look out for this. Thanks, mate. I don't know if there's a Part Two, but Part One was pretty decorated. Story, there's a lot. He got a lot going on in his life, man. Tell her, let me know. Does anybody, if y'all got any suggestions in the comments, if y'all like this, hit the like button, there we go.