dedicated to the strength of the nation. Proudly, we hail, hail, starring Bill Williams in Time Out, United States Army, United States Air Force Presentation. And our here is our producer, the well-known Hollywood showman, C.P. McGregor. Thank you, thank you, and greetings from Hollywood, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to your Theater of Stars, where foremost names of the motion picture world join us for your entertainment and plays we know that you'll enjoy. Our star is Bill Williams, the title of our play, Time Out. This is a gripping story of the price-fight game and about a fighter with a heart of a champion. Our story takes us all to ringside at the battle for the crown. We'll have the curtain for act one of Time Out immediately after this important message from Wendell Niles. Young men and women, the U.S. Air Force offers you the finest aviation training in the world and you earn while you learn. Under a new Air Force program, every effort is made to place you in the job for which you are best suited and have the best chance for success. You can become an aviation specialist with steady increase in pay, with job security and a carefully planned program for promotions. For details, visit your U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force Recruiting Station right away. And all once again, our producer. It's curtain time and here's act one of Time Out starring Bill Williams as Bob Howard. This is about a fighter, a young, up-and-coming boxer. It was the night of his most important bout. He was resting on the rubbing table in his locker room. His manager had stepped out to talk to the newspaper man, leaving him alone with his girl.  Yes, it's a, it's a soothing sound. It loves me. Of course, having Sue nearby helps too on this, the biggest hour of my career. Waiting for the championship fight with battling Pabian. All my long years of training and rigorous living were to be finally called into action for the greatest prize in fighting, the championship crown. I'm ready for this one, believe me. Sue, isn't that the buzzer for me? No, Bob. I'll let you know when we're ready. Okay, okay. Are you all right? Oh, you bet. Are you sure? Every time the same thing.  I do not fly. But you sure worry. Well, I just can't help it, I guess. All those fans around the ring, thousands more listening in on the radios, television, newsrooms. Oh, you make it sound real exciting. Keep talking. Everybody doesn't have ice water running through their veins. How can you keep so cool? Hidden in my gloves, two little men with fans. Even at a time like this, you can keep it. Oh, come on. Sue, relax. I'll relax, if you will. If I were any more relaxed, I'd fall apart. Hey, hey, what time is it getting to be anyway? There's lots of time, dear. Just take it easy. Take it easy. My thoughts went to other hours like this. Back to my first fight in Gary, Indiana. Then farther back. All the way back to my father. I remember the day Dad bought me the greatest gift of all.  Gee, what is it, Dad? Well, open it and see. I'll bet it's a punching bag. Guess again. Open it, will you? All right. What is it? I wonder what it is. Holy smokes. Gosh, Dad. Boxing gloves.  Thanks, Dad. Thanks a million. Never mind that. Feel that leather.  Yeah, I would have made it, too, if it hadn't been... Oh, but you sure get around for a fella who's got a... A fella who's got a game leg. I do all right, kid. I didn't mean that, Dad. I know, Bob. Here, try these mitts on for size. Let me help you here. Oh, okay, boy. Boy, do they feel good. Yeah, wait a minute. Wait a minute, son. Let me lace them. These laces can mean a lot of trouble. There you are. Gee, they sure fit me swell. I got them exactly your size, the champ size. Let me slip on the other pair on my own, Dukes, here. Okay. Okay, fella, what up, you Dukes? Now, look how I'm gonna throw on your way. Well, let it go. Careful now.  Strike one. Okay, now, you try to tag me. Well, I don't wanna, Dad.  Come on, swing. But I don't think I... Come on. Well, all right. Here it is. Dad. Dad, did I hurt you? No, no. You sure? Sure. This is all part of my battle plan.  Good old Dad. He never lost sight of the goal he had set for me. I was to be the champion of the world. He even went so far as to get a trainer for me while I was still in high school. Franny was just like Dad, all wrapped up in the fight game. Hi, kid. Oh, hi, Franny. Where's your pop? Oh, he had to go to town. Well, that won't hold us up now from our practice, will it? Oh, I'm sure of that. I know all this rope skipping and exercising gets kinda tiresome, but there's no shortcut. But why can't we just put the gloves on and box? I'm getting to be an old man already. Oh, yeah. Seventeen years getting along, but I don't see no gray hairs in your head yet. Well, I never argue with you over training. I don't chase after girls or anything like that. Oh, see, by the way, I've got a favor to ask you. A favor? Yeah, see, kid, I figure you're getting to the point where you ought to have a nice girlfriend. But just any old girl won't do, see? Franny, I don't... You better have a girl who's interested in the same things you are. You know, boxing and stuff like that. Not out, tell me. You see, her dad used to be a pretty good scrapper himself. So the minute I seen this girl, I knew she was meant for you. Franny, you're just wasting time. But I thought... No, it's no soap. But you... No! And okay, okay. Can't shoot a guy for trying. She's outside. I'll tell her to go on home. Sue, would you mind running on home now? I thought I needed you to help out on some things here, but there's no hurry. All right, Franny. Anytime you need me, just call. Yeah. Oh, Sue, this is Bob Howard. Oh, hello. Hello. Well, I'll be running along now, Franny. It's been nice meeting you, Bob. Oh, wait a minute. Oh, Franny, I've... I've been thinking it over, and you know what? I think you're absolutely right about what you said before. Absolutely. Sue, sweet Sue. I remember how clever I thought I was when I first called her there. It was at a school party, and I had walked in late. Thank you, Dars. Hi, Sue. Bob, I didn't know you were coming here tonight. I didn't know it either. But aren't you supposed to fight at the Civic Center tomorrow night? That's right. That's why I came over. Well, to the victor belong the spoils. You're the spoils, if you'll pardon the expression. I'm very flattered, of course. But how can you be the victor when you haven't fought them at you? Oh, I'm psyched. Already I can see the ref holding my hand up and token of sweet victory. I lose more boyfriends that way. Not this time. Uh, step this way, please. Wait a minute. Where are we going? Out in the garden. May I ask why? I want to count the stars. You're lovely tonight. Yeah, lovely. Come here a second. Bob, please, you said you were going to count stars. Oh, yes, sir. Well, now there's the big dipper. Seven stars. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven. Now there's the little dipper. And right above is the north star. Where? There. Look up. Is that...? I love you, Sue. May I bust in a second? Franey, what the heck are you doing here? Counting stars. I don't try to be funny. What's the big idea? You know the idea, Keaton. You've got a scrap in your hands tomorrow night. Look, Franey, you're just my second-in-trainer. See, you're not my mother.  I'm in top shape. I can beat that peluga tomorrow night with no sleep for a month. Okay, okay, Superman, let's go. Nothing doing. I'm not a baby. I'm a man. I've got a mind of my own. Good night, Bob. Be seeing you. What's this? That was that mind of your own. Come on, let's go. Nice fight tonight, Bob. Thanks, Sue. Well, you've just about cleaned up this whole region now. Yeah. And that's what I've got to, uh... well, leave. Where? Chicago. That's where the big timers are. And if I make good, then I... I might even get the fight-battling Fabian. I think you ought to give this a lot of thought. You know how I feel about fighting? I love the game. And boxing is my road. You mean it's the road your father chose? Maybe so. But I've got to get to the top. You understand, don't you, Sue? I understand. You'll wait for me. Yes, Bob. I'll wait. I went to the Windy City and started on the long road. I began to make the headlines, and I also began to make money. And Dad passed away. I guess it wasn't in the cards for him to be there. I began to notice that I wasn't having much trouble making my weight limit. I ate well, but for some reason I was losing poundage. I had an appointment with Dr. Tolson. The same afternoon, I was expecting Sue in town. Sue, sweet Sue. Oh, it's so wonderful seeing you again. Oh, Bob, are you all right? You look thinner. Oh, nothing to worry about. Been training a little too hard lately, that's all. You're overdoing that will to win, Bob. I'm going to be the next champion. I think you are, too. Only if by any chance something prevents you from making it, we're not going to let it spoil things for us, are we? You know we won't. If I ever lose, I promise I'll quit. Only I got a hunch you're going to be the next Mrs. Champ. Say, where are your bags? There, at the checking counter. Well, look, I got a very important appointment that'll only take a few minutes. Would you mind waiting for me here in the coffee shop? Of course not. I hate to leave you like this, but it can't be helped. I'll be back in a jiffy. Hello, Mr. Howard. Take a seat, please. Thanks. How do you feel? Just fine, Doc. Just fine. Mr. Howard, we've taken many tests, as you know. You certainly have. The tests have brought out one basic weakness in your makeup. Weakness? I don't like that word, Doctor. But that's what it is.  I know, Doctor. That's why I'm here. And they're not good when you're engaged in strenuous activity. You mean like fighting? That's it. Well, what am I supposed to do about it? You're to quit boxing if you want to live long. We'll pass briefly from our story, time-out starring Bill Williams to bring you an important message from our government. Ladies and gentlemen, our Army and our Air Force are critically short of positions and dentists. Over 2,000 volunteers from these two professions are urgently needed today to safeguard and care for the health of the men and women who as members of the United States Army and United States Air Force are serving you and me at home and overseas. Young physicians and dentists, particularly those who did not serve in the armed services during World War II, have been asked by their government to act now to volunteer for duty at once. If you are one of these young physicians or dentists, please write or wire either the Surgeon General of the United States Army or the Air Surgeon of the United States Air Force at once and volunteer your services. If you know of one of these young physicians or dentists, please call his attention to this urgent message. Thank you. The curtain rises on Act II of Time Out starring Bill Williams as Bob Howard. Bob was nearing the ambition of his father, which was to see him crown boxing champion of the world. Bob's father passed away before he could witness this achievement. Sue, his girl, was as interested in the fight game as he was, but even she didn't know of Bob's mysterious attacks which caused him to black out temporarily. Bob didn't let this hold him back, however. That was a fine thing to tell a fighter, wasn't it? Quit fighting or you won't live long. But the attacks didn't repeat, so I went right on toward my goal, the big shot at the crown, worn by battling Fabian. My path took me from Chicago and I moved on to the big city of New York, where I was to meet a real obstacle in the form of Red Metcalfe. Sue was with me during all this time. She sat right behind my corner where I could turn around and look at that streamlined figure of hers. Oh, look, kid, you've got to watch that left of Metcalfe. You've been walking into it all night. Okay, okay, so I'm filling him out. You have to do it with your chin. Stay away. Stay away. That guy's got arms like an octopus. You better figure him out fast. This is the eighth round. It's going to be awful close if you don't tag him. Get down, Sue. You're not supposed to be in this ring. Neither are you the way you're going. Bob, listen to me. I've been watching Metcalfe. He's got a weakness. Weakness? Weakness for what, blondes? No, no. Now, every time he throws that left of his in lands, he lowers his right for a split second. Cross your left over when he does and you'll cool him off. Are you sure of that? Absolutely. I've been checking and rechecking him. It happened so fast you can hardly catch it. I'm going to think of it you might have something there. I was trying to figure out what he was doing wrong. Except he was so busy beating your ears off he didn't have time to notice nothing. Well, watch me this round, kiddies. We're going to straighten Quacalfe. I'll...  Get going. Good luck. Red Metcalfe was beginning to feel his oats a bit. He knew he was ahead on points, and so far I hadn't done much more than the muscles here. He came out cautiously and jabbed a left to my face. It didn't hurt, but it was the same left he'd been poking into my open confidence all evening. I tried to maneuver him into a nice, cozy corner, but he backped it. The booing of the crowd got under Red's skin and he came out of his shell for a few seconds. He stepped forward in weeks, changed hard rights to the body. Just the same, I wasn't winning the fight. I had to get Red soon or it'll be too late. I remembered what Sue had said about him dropping his right when he connected with a left. I figured this was as good a time to test the theory. I shot at a right that was purposely short. Red's left flicked out and caught me squarely on the face. The punch hurt, but it was worth it. Now I knew Sue was right. Metcalfe had lowered his right for a fraction of a second when his left foot landed. From this moment on, I knew what to do. I pretended to be a little dazed by the blow and stopped short. Red gained confidence. Again, I threw out a right that fell short. Once more, Metcalfe's long left jabbed out and caught me in the face again. But now my left was whistling over toward the spot where his right glove should have been and wasn't. Now we're ready for the championship. The championship crown is sure going to look good on your head. I sure you and Sue a lot. I don't think I'd have ever gotten this far without you two. Aw, kid, you'd have gotten there all right. It'd just take you a little longer, that's all. Okay, so now let's get to work, huh? I've got to celebrate tonight's win with Sue. She's waiting for me now. Don't get in an uproar here, boy. Lay back on this rubbing table, will you? Add up, boy, add up, boy. Now we put this hot oil on and we'll just rub it in here. Now, you feel better? Oh, that's swell. Massage that right shoulder muscle a little, will you, Frank? Okay. I sort of gave it a twist when I tagged red with my left. There, that's it. Hey, you got a little cut over your left cheek here. You better patch it up so you look real pretty for Sue, huh? Here, a little of this alcohol just in case. Go ahead. Okay. Here you are. Now just hold on. It'll burn. There, there. Hey, doesn't that sting? Hey, Bob, doesn't that hurt? Bob, what's the matter? Kid. Kid, do you hear me?  Snap out of it. What's the matter with you? Nothing's the matter with me. What's wrong with you? It's the idea of slapping my face. You were out.  My gosh, can a guy even relax a minute without you getting all worked up about it? Hey, you're pretty light on your toes, too. Oh, but it's easy to be light on the dance floor, Mr. Howard. If one's partner is another Arthur Murray. What is this, a mutual flattery deal? It is a little rich, isn't it? Uh, just a moment, Bob. Where are you steering us now? Out to this balcony here? Thought we could count the stars. You can remove your arm now, as long as we're not dancing. Do you really want me to? No. But it seemed like the proper thing to say. I'll bet even after we're married you'll be worried about the proper thing to say. Never mind that. You brought me out to count stars. Now that's the big dipper. And that, Bob, what's wrong with you? Oh, Bob, what is it, healing against the railing? There. What's wrong? Bob, can you hear me? Bob, you just blacked out. Did I? Yes, you almost fell over. Bob, you better see a doctor right away. No, no, that's no good. But you have to do this something wrong. It's nothing to worry about, Sue. Take it easy. Nothing to worry about? You know better than that? I mean it, Sue. I've had these little attacks before. In fact, I've already gone to see a doctor. The best in the business. He said it was just a family trait. Nothing to it at all. A little temporary amnesia. It passes away like that. Oh, but when you're boxing, what then? Wouldn't matter. Wouldn't matter, not much it wouldn't. You standing in the ring not knowing what was going on? I've never had one of these spells in the ring yet. They always seem to come when I'm nice and relaxed. Are you sure, Bob? Certainly. And another thing, they only come along once in a blue moon. Oh, I wish I could believe that. Look, Sue, I've never lied to you and I'm not going to start now. Everything I've said is true. All I can do is give you my word. Isn't that enough? I'm sorry. I do believe you, Bob. You don't sound like it. I don't? Okay. I see I'll have to prove it. Now you must look up in that sky and start counting stars. I'll show you whether I believe you or not.  Nothing was going to stop me now, no, sir. I had aimed at this championship too long. And I had the memory of my dad's ambition to help me on my last lap. And now that I was all steamed up and ready to go, it was just like Franey to suddenly disappear. Hiya, Kim. How are things? Well, well. And just where have you been keeping yourself the last few days? I took me a little trip. Didn't have time to tell him.  The trip was a complete surprise. It's a surprise, all right. I'll be surprised if Sue ever talks to you again, leaving us right when we're close to a championship. Yeah, I'll be right back. Now where you going? Over to see Sue. I've got something awful important to talk to her about. Okay. But before you go, I want you to do something for me. Take this money and bet every cent on me against the champ. Here I am tonight at the climax of my career, waiting for the championship fight with battling Fabian. All the long years of training are finally to be called into action for the greatest prize in fighting. I'm ready for this one. Sue, there's the buzzer for me. You know it isn't, Bob. Just relax. He seems off late to me. I've been on the scrubbing table a long time. Let me see you watch. Hey, it's 10.30. I've got to get in the ring. The fight's going to start. Bob, please. The fight isn't going to start. It isn't? Why not? Because the fight's over. You were knocked out. That's right. I was knocked out? Yes. Half an hour ago. I'm sorry, Bob. Come here, Sue. Oh, Bob, dear. Sweet Sue. Well, I promised I'd quit if I lost. But now I don't even know if we can even afford to get married for a while. You see, I bet every cent I had on myself. Don't you worry. You'll always make good. Come on in, Fanny, and help celebrate my ring retirement. Oh, you're smart to do it, kid. And look here. Here's a nice king-size nest egg to start hatching. Wait a minute. What's this money for? It's the winning from the dough. You gave it a bet. But I told you to bet it all on me. I know, kid. I know. There's something else I know, too. I know all about your visit to Dr. Toulson. I went back to Chicago to check up on you after you passed out on the rubbing table after. Well, how do you like that? I knew I couldn't talk you out of this championship fight. So now, may I leave you with your money and wish you both a happy goodnight? Wait a second. You're not through seconding me yet, brother. Tomorrow you're going to be in my corner as our best man. The curtain falls in the final act of time-out. Our star, Bill Williams, will return for a curtain call after this timely message from Wendell Niles. This is important. This is urgent. Over 2,000 young physicians and dentists are needed as volunteers at once for service in the United States Army or United States Air Force. All physicians and dentists are required to safeguard the health of the men and women who are serving our country in the armed services. If you are a physician or a dentist, you are needed now. Write or wire the Surgeon General of the United States Army or the Air Surgeon of the United States Air Force at once, volunteering for active duty. Let me repeat that. Write or wire the Surgeon General of the United States Army or the Air Surgeon of the United States Air Force today or see your local U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force recruiting station. Back at the microphone are our star, Bill Williams, and our producer. Bill, it seems sometimes since you've been our star on Proudly We Hail, so don't you think we should bring our audience up to date? Sure, but what do we talk about? What's your favorite subject? Barbara Hail, my wife, and little Jody. Now wait a minute. We'll talk about Barbara sometime when she's on the show. This is Pappy's day to howl, remember? We're going to talk about you. Can't talk about Barbara and Jody?  We all love Barbara and we think she's beautiful and little Jody is precious. No, I want to hear about your pictures. Well, I work with Jimmy Stewart and June Ellison at MGM on the Stratton story. I played the catcher Eddie White. I know that Jimmy Stewart and all of you did a wonderful job in the Stratton story, but I hear some of those big league pictures really fixed you. Fixed me. CP, they tried to kill me. There was no substituting a big league catcher to backstop them. Among the pictures were Bob Gillespie from the White Sox and Gene Bearden from Cleveland. Gene Bearden was the hero of the World Series last year. And what a picture. But those guys don't know what it means to throw an easy ball. When I got home that first night, my hand looked like a piece of raw ham. And the same size. They pre-cooked it, believe me. Oh, yes, I asked them about batting and about hitting their fastball. And when do I start swinging? Well, I stood up at the plate and got all set and watched the wind up. The ball was in the catch's mitt before I even got the bat off my shoulders. How do you hit those pictures? CP, I never did find out. Well, I got to get going and I've had a swell time. But before I leave, who's your star next week? Next week, Bill, and ladies and gentlemen, that well-known and popular actor, Brian Donlevy will be our star in the title of our play, The High Timber. This is a dramatic story of a lumber camp foreman who races time in an important cutting contract with a promotion as his reward but finds a deadly series of obstacles confronting him which require his skill, courage, and fistless amount. That should be a good show. And we'll all be listening at home. So long, CP. Goodbye, Bill. We should have joined us next week, ladies and gentlemen, when Brian Donlevy joins us to star in a dramatic story, The High Timber. Until then, thanks for listening and cheerio from Hollywood. This program is transcribed in Hollywood for release at this time. Wendell Niles speaking.


Hello, everybody. My name is James Blair. And before I talk to you about Zool, first I'm going to show you a little bit of Anzi art. I work for Red Hat. I'm on the OpenStack project infrastructure team. I'm particularly focused on the CI system, which runs a program that we wrote called Zool, the next version of which is based heavily on Ansible. So with that out of the way, I'm going to tell you a little bit about what I'm going to say today. I'm going to tell you a bit about the current version of Zool, which is that version 2. That's what we're running in production right now for the OpenStack project. I'm also going to talk about the next version, which is in development. We call that version 3 and give you a preview of some of the features that we're adding to that and some of the differences between version 2 and version 3. So who here, by a show of hands, has submitted a patch to an OpenStack project? And who would like to in the future? OK. I know that's an ambiguous question. Some of the people who raised their hands the first time did not raise their hands the second time. OK, that's helpful.  And also, if you saw the keynote yesterday, then you probably know some of this as well. But at OpenStack scale, our CI system is huge. We have 1,500 Git repositories. We launch at peak, more than 200 jobs per hour. Over the course of a month, we merge 10,000 changes across those repositories. And our CI system runs in 20 regions across nine different clouds. At least I think that's still the case, because I don't think we've quite reverted the patch that Jonathan Brice pushed up yesterday.  Actually, you may not have seen this before. But when you submit a patch to Garrett, there's an interface that looks like this for me. But most other developers use the web interface. So it actually looks like this. And this is actually the primary interface to Zool that we want developers to see. We actually want Zool to stay out of the way, to sit in the background and serve developers and not be all, hey, I'm Zool, look at me. So when a developer submits a patch, and when reviewers go to review that patch, they see a page that looks like this, where you have your commit message. Down and off the bottom of the screen is our review messages from reviewers. But if you look in the bottom right hand corner, there's a little thing that has the jobs that ran on that change and their status. And those are actually hyperlinks that show you the logs for those jobs. But that's all we really want users to see most of the time. And I realize that that doesn't look super cool and whatnot. But like I said, we're here to serve. Having said that, however, there actually is a lot going on in the background. And Jonathan brought this up on stage at the keynote yesterday. You might have seen it. So this is the Zool status page. It shows you all of the jobs that are running in all of the different configurations for all of the changes that are in flight, how much time is left on that sort of thing. So you can see there's actually quite a bit going on in the background. This is, if you zoom out a little bit, it looks like this. Because as I mentioned, it's a really busy system. And I couldn't even fit it all on that page. So it still goes off the bottom. We also have a complementary program called OpenStack Health, which lets you deep dive into the results of jobs that Zool has run. So we actually have a lot of different ways of exposing this data to users and developers if they want to dive into it. But like I said, generally, we try to stay out of the way as possible. This is a diagram of Zool's architecture. So you have an idea of what some of the parts I'm going to talk about in a little bit. But as mentioned earlier, a developer who's typing on a computer that has an eerie green screen sends a patch up to Garrett. Zool listens to Garrett on an event stream and responds to various events as it's configured to do based on users pushing up changes or reviewing changes and things like that. Zool is a distributed system with a number of different components. So once it gets a change from Garrett, it asks its merger to pull that change down and collect some information about it. In OpenStack, we run eight different Zool mergers.  They keep pretty busy. So once Zool finds out what it needs to about the change from the merger, at that point, it knows what jobs it needs to run. And those jobs have certain requirements as to what nodes they might need to run on. So it talks to node pool, which is our component, which talks to those 20 regions across nine clouds. It spins up OpenStack instances to run those jobs. And then it handles those instances over to a component called the Zool launcher, which runs Ansible. And Ansible connects to the nodes that were provided by node pool and actually runs the jobs.  But node pool is a separate program that works very closely with Zool. It has a different name, but we consider it part of the same suite of programs. They're very tightly integrated. In addition to spinning up nodes, like I just described, it also, once a day, it builds new base images and uploads that to all the different clouds. That's something that a smaller CI system may not need to do. You might just be able to use your upstream image provided by your cloud provider or your distribution. Since we're running across so many different clouds, the little differences between those base images make a big difference to us. So we normalize that by building our own images. We also go ahead and cache a bunch of things that we're going to need for our jobs on those images. And we upload them every day to all of the clouds so that they behave consistently. And this system exercises OpenStack very heavily. If you remember that 2,000 jobs per hour number, since each of our jobs runs on a VM that is created just for that job and then destroyed, we are across those different clouds creating and destroying 2,000 OpenStack virtual machines every hour. So it's quite a useful stress test for OpenStack. It's also useful to know a couple of definitions of a couple of words that I'm going to use as we go on. The first is gating. Gating is very central to what Zul does. It's actually the reason that we created it in the first place. And it's a very simple idea. It's the idea that every change that's proposed to a repository is tested and it must pass those tests before it merges. Cogating is a variation on that, where if you imagine that you have more than one repository that are related, then you make sure that the changes to each of those repositories are tested against the state of the other repository before each one merges, essentially so that they can't break each other. And you can imagine in a world where you're building up complicated services out of microservices or even in OpenStack's case, macroservices, that being able to make sure that one of those services doesn't break another one or the whole could be a very useful thing. And then finally, parallel code gating is actually what Zul does at this point in time.  I don't want them to break each other. You might implement that by just testing them one at a time in series. That's very easy to do and it's very correct, but it's also very slow. And there's no way we could land the change volume that we do if we did it that way. So what Zul does is it creates speculative future states with a bunch of changes together, tests them all with the assumption that they're all going to pass. And if anything changes, it rearranges things as needed to make sure that they can merge. So we can actually get a very high throughput of changes merging by running all these tests in parallel. So I'm actually sort of a visual person. So if that explanation sort of made you very confused or the fact, the way that I rambled on about it made it confusing, then I have this little visual illustration of the process that can hopefully help you walk through it. So if you imagine that we have two projects, let's call them Nova and Keystone. And they have two Git repositories. And up there on the screen, there are two yellow dots with some funny hexadecimal words next to them. Those are the branch tips of those two repositories. So a developer might come along and approve a change to Nova. Zul notices that and cues it into its pipeline. And then it starts running jobs for that change. Then another developer comes along and uploads a change, sorry, approves a change to the Keystone project. And Zul starts running jobs for those changes. And then, say, a developer approves two more changes to the Nova project. At this point, we've got four changes in Zul's queue. Jobs are starting to run on all of them. I'm sorry, the blue is a little hard to see there. But it's meant to illustrate the job run time as this goes on. So the thing to know about this series of changes up here is that the first change, that Nova number one, is being tested against the tip of the Nova repository. The second change is being tested against the tip of the Keystone repository. But in any integration tests that involve both Nova and Keystone, it's also including the change ahead of it, that number one change. And by the time you get down to the bottom of the screen, Nova number four is running with all four of those changes in place. So then something terrible happens, and one of the jobs on that Keystone change fails. At that point, the future state that Zul has created in order to test changes three and four is no longer valid. We know that since we don't allow any change to merge if it fails its tests, that Keystone number two is not going to merge. And so Nova three and Nova four are being tested with a change that isn't valid anymore. So Zul cancels the jobs that are running for that change. It sort of moves the Keystone change off to the side because we want to keep running the jobs for that so that we can report back as much information as possible to a developer. But then Zul reparents changes three and four on top of change number one and restarts their jobs. So these are now running only with the changes that could possibly land ahead of it. Those jobs continue. The jobs for that first change finish, they succeed. And so we merge number one into the Nova Git repository. The rest of the jobs for Keystone finish. And at this point, we're ready to report back to the developer that this change failed its tests. So it didn't merge, but here are all the results. You can go look at it. And then changes number three and number four finish up and merge. So you can imagine that, so this is a series of changes that were enqueued in Zul in sort of an arbitrary order, just by the happenstance of when people approved certain changes. Zul also gives us the ability to control this deliberately. So we can actually create a series of changes and tell Zul that they depend on each other. And Zul will enqueue them in that order so that they're all tested appropriately. So if you imagine making a change to an OpenStack project, say you want to add a change to Nova that returns the SSH host keys in the instance metadata. I think that would be a great change. What do you think, Monty? So if you implement that change in Nova, that's really just the start of the process. Then perhaps in order for that change to take effect, you might need to configure DevStack to turn that feature on with a feature flag or something. I don't know why, because it should be the default, but let's say you have to do that. So then you write a change to DevStack and you say that this change depends on the change that I just wrote to Nova. That means that when DevStack runs, it's tests against this change that you just wrote to DevStack. It will pull in your change to Nova and run with it. After that, you might need to write a change to Nova client to actually expose this in the Python API. You can say that depends on the DevStack change. So then when Nova client interacts with a running DevStack Nova instance, it's able to actually fetch that data. And let's say that your ultimate goal is to add this to NodePool. Well, NodePool uses the Shade library and so you might need to add support to this to Shade and you say, well, Shade uses Nova client to get this information. So this Shade change depends on the Nova client change. Then finally, in NodePool, you can say, my node pool change depends on the Shade change. And when the jobs for this node pool change runs, they will contain all of the changes ahead of it. And you can test this entire process from end to end, from exposing the feature in Nova to using it as an end user in NodePool. And you can do that all in RCI system without landing a change to any of these repositories. So you can go to all of the developers of all those different projects and say, look, this thing works end to end. Let's land it. And that's a very powerful feature that Zool provides. So one of the things that we've wanted to do in Zool for a while because, I mean, I've been spending quite some time talking about all these tests we run. And it turns out that when we change Zool's configuration itself, it's surprisingly untestable at the moment.  But what we can't do is, in some cases, is say, well, I wanna actually run this code in a job and make sure it works before we land it. Sometimes we just have to say, yep, that looks right and land it and exercise it. So in the height of irony, our CI system itself is not as CI'd as we would like it to be. So in Zool v3, we're working on a feature to allow Zool to process configuration changes to itself live on the fly. And the way we do that is kind of interesting. When Zool starts up, it has almost no configuration whatsoever. This is essentially what a Zool bootstrapping configuration file will look like in v3. We say that we have a tenant called OpenStack because Zool v3 is multi-tenant aware. It talks to a Garrett. It has, you can find its configuration in a Git repository called Project Config, which is the repository where we have all of our jobs defined right now, centrally.  For instance, Nova, Keystone, DevSatGate, et cetera, we have 1,500 other of those. And Zool will actually pull its configuration from all of these repositories. The reason why there's a config repository and project repository differences, there are some things that we still only want to be able to manage centrally. But like for instance, jobs that require authentication credentials or something like that, we can't have somebody uploading a job that says, hey, print out the authentication credentials. So there is actually a little difference between the config and project repositories. But Zool in general, in most cases, will be able to pull its configuration from any repository listed in this config. So when Zool starts up, it loads that up, loads that config file, and then it talks to those mergers that I mentioned earlier. As I said, we have eight of them. So in our system, it's going to say, hey, mergers, go to all these repositories and get me a list of all of the branches in all of those repositories. They'll go churn on git operations for a while, return that list back, and then Zool says, okay, mergers, go to every branch of every repository and look for a Zool.yaml file and return that to me. And so as Zool starts up, it goes from having no configuration whatsoever to having this fleet of distributed workers go and collect its configuration from thousands of different places, return it back to Zool, where it assembles it into something that a holistic whole configuration that it can apply to the whole system. And because of the way that runs, and of course, because Zool is seeing every change that goes through the system, whenever there's a change to a Zool.yaml file, Zool can go back out to the mergers and say, hey, look, there's a change. It might be changing my configuration. So go get that content for me. It then takes what it gets back from the Zool merger, splices it into the running configuration that uses just for that change and uses it to decide what jobs to run and how to run them for the change. And because this is implemented just with the regular Zool primitives, this works with cross repo dependencies too. So you can have a change in a project that depends on a change to Zool's configuration in another project. So, with... Mm, yes. Can I break Zool's space? I'm sorry? Can I break Zool's space? Right now, I hope, probably, but I hope we'll have enough testing that you won't be able to break Zool that way. So yeah, part of the project config and repo config split is to make sure that things that are very dangerous don't necessarily break Zool this way. And of course, if your change to the Zool.yaml fails, then, like if Zool can't even parse it, then, well, that change is going to fail its tests. And so it's essentially being CI'd in the normal way. So, with that background information, I think it might be a little useful to show you some of Zool's configuration. Zool is a very free-form system. We have a lot of concepts in how we've defined OpenStack's workflow that are not understood by Zool natively. We've built them out of very simple configuration primitives. And so with just knowledge of a few of these, you can build very sophisticated systems. So the first primitive is what we call a pipeline, and that's essentially a process definition that connects up Git repositories, jobs, and triggering and reporting mechanisms. They're basically the same in V2 and V3, so if you've done anything with Zool and V2, that's not going to change a lot between two and three. So in OpenStack, we have something that we call a check pipeline, and that's the pipeline that runs jobs on a change when somebody uploads them for the first time. And so this is a simplified view of what that configuration looks like for us. We basically say that this pipeline looks for triggering events from Garrett. Patch set created is what it emits when somebody uploads a new patch set. Change restored is when somebody restores an abandoned change. There are a few other things we listen to, but I've omitted them for brevity here. But basically a pipeline is a free-form thing where you say something triggers in queuing into this pipeline. When we run jobs, we report back via several, one of, well, any number of mechanisms. And so down here at the bottom, what we say is when jobs succeed in this pipeline, report back to Garrett with a verified plus one vote. We could also send email, report to a database, throw something into IRC, or nothing at all, in fact. We have also something that we call in OpenStack, the gate pipeline. This is the thing that actually prevents changes from landing unless they've passed tests. There's a subtle difference between this one and the check pipeline. It says manager dependent. Check pipeline says manager independent. That triggers that behavior change that causes things to be in queued one after the other. Again, we're looking for things from Garrett, except this time we're looking for a comment event for somebody saying that they've approved this change with a workflow vote. And then if changes pass their tests, report back to Garafide with a plus two vote in the verified column and submit the change. Submit is Garrett speak for merge the change. And that's how that magic happens. Once you've got some pipelines defined, you might wanna configure some jobs. Jobs, as I mentioned earlier, they run on nodes from node pool. Right now, all of our nodes are dynamic, but in v3 you're going to be able to check out static nodes from node pool as well and run jobs on them. The metadata for jobs are all defined in Zool's configuration. So that's things like how long the job runs, when it should run, what kind of nodes it needs to run on things like that. But the actual execution content of the jobs is defined in Ansible because we did not need to invent another way of describing how to run things on remote hosts. There's a great tool out there that does that already called Ansible. So we decided to use that. Jobs can be defined centrally, like in the project config repo, or in the repository being tested, as well as their execution content. And then in v3, the configuration syntax is a lot more flexible. We have contextual variants of jobs that can run jobs with slightly different parameters based on different conditions. And I'll give you an example of that in a minute. Jobs also have an inheritance structure. So you might start off by writing a job and where you set up some sensible defaults for your whole system. So this is a job called base, which has a 30-minute timeout. It runs on an Ubuntu Zendial node, a single Ubuntu Zendial node. When Zool prepares all of the Git repositories that it needs for whatever might be involved for this change, put them in a place called opt workspace. And before you run the playbook for this job, run a set up post playbook. That might do some things like set up local configuration for the job that's needed for CI. And then post run is what to run after you've completed running the job. So once you've defined your base job, your typical job might actually be very simple. You might simply say, there's a job called Python 2.7 and it inherits from that base job. And then Zool will know to look for a playbook called Python 2.7 and that's what it'll run for the job. A variant on that job might be to say, well, if you're going to run the Python 2.7 job and it's on a change to the stable Metaka branch, use a trusty node for that instead of the Zendial node. If you need to run a job that requires more than one node, then you might have a definition that looks like this where instead of saying your node is Ubuntu Zendial, you list out your nodes and you say that I need a node called controller and it should be an Ubuntu Zendial node. And then I need a second Zendial node called compute. And then what Zool will do is it will take both of these nodes, drop them into the Ansible inventory file with those names. And so you can refer to those nodes by name in your Ansible playbook. Once you have jobs defined, then you're going to want the jobs and pipelines defined. Then you're going to want to have some projects defined which hook those jobs up into those pipelines. So a simple version of the Nova project might look like this where you say, this is a project whose name is Nova. And for any changes that match the requirements for entering the check queue, then run the Python 2.7, Python 3.5 and the docs jobs. And those would of course be jobs that you've defined previously. In the same way that you can have job variants in the configuration file generally, you can also have project local job variants here. So here we're saying in addition to those three jobs I said before, also run the PyPy job except on Nova PyPy isn't voting. So run it as you normally would, but don't vote. Another slightly more complicated variant might say, only run the docs job if somebody changes files in the docs directory. That's actually a terrible idea, never do that. But the reason for that is complicated. But this sort of thing is very flexible and there are sensible rules that you might want to set up to run jobs under certain conditions. And here's another example of a variant where we're saying no matter what, we're going to run a Python 2.7 job. Normally run it on a Zennial node, but if you're running on stable Newton, run on Indemutu trustee node, just for Nova. I don't even know if that makes sense, but that's the sort of thing that you can do with local variants. And then of course jobs can have dependencies on each other. So here we're saying in the release pipeline, which is something that we run when somebody tags a repository, build a tarball for that repository, upload it to our tarballs and PyPy site, and if that succeeds, update our local mirrors. And so these jobs only run if the job before it succeeded. So you can build up this pipeline of jobs this way. And then finally, the actual, as I mentioned, the actual execution content of jobs is specified in playbooks. Playbooks can be defined centrally or in the repository being tested. They can use playbooks, sorry, they can use roles from other projects inside of Zool or roles out from the Galaxy. And we actually expect our playbooks to be very heavily role-based. For instance, a simplified view of the playbook that we use for running our DevStack and Tempest tests might look sort of like this, where we say that first set up the multi-node networking for the node that we're running on, partition the swap, configure the mirrors, then run DevStack, then run Tempest. And then all of these roles can actually be defined in other repositories and they can be used in many different projects, not just the projects that we're using them in today. So in fact, a lot of projects in OpenStack are running tests on our DevStack nodes. They're using DevStack to set up the environment, essentially just to get some of the side effects from how we set up that test. So by decomposing this monolithic job that we have today in the multiple roles and then having them available for any other project that we use will make the configuration of all of these projects a lot simpler and allow for reuse across them in a way that we're not able to do today. So if of course you're, you know, perhaps you're not into, you don't need all of the advanced features of Ansible, you're not, there's a lot that you can do with Ansible in Zool, but maybe you just need to write a job that runs a shell script. It's a pretty common pattern in a CI system. You can do that too. Ansible of course is perfectly capable of running some shell and so a playbook that just runs your run test script would look like this and so if you need Ansible to get out of the way, it can, but the thing that we really like about this system is that it lets you use the full power of Ansible in not only in your production system but in your development system and your CI system as well. And if you write your playbooks well, you'll be able to use the same playbooks in both places. You can use your production playbooks to run your CI testing. You'll just provide, Zool will provide them with different variables files, different inventory files and magic will happen. So with that, are there any questions? Yes. The question is, could you swap Ansible for some other system like Puppet or Chef? But you also said private cloud, so I may not fully understand. So we're basing this version pretty heavily on Ansible. We're not looking at having a facility to swap out some other mechanism for running. It's theoretically possible.  But in OpenStack, we actually, we of course, there are OpenStack projects that use Ansible for deployment, but there are also OpenStack projects that use Puppet and Chef and whatnot for deployment. And we're going to run the jobs for those with the system as well. There, whether it ends up looking like this, where it's, you know, there's an Ansible playbook that just says run Chef or run Puppet, that's of course an option. There is in fact an Ansible module for running Puppet that we wrote and we use in our infrastructure because we actually use Puppet to manage the OpenStack infrastructure itself. There's an Ansible module that's really good at running Puppet and so you might end up, probably what we will do in fact, is end up writing playbooks that say, use the Ansible Puppet module to run Puppet and we'll actually have some really good integration there. Yes? Just curious, are you planning or, yeah, are you planning to basically have an eventing system that isn't Garrett-based so I can trigger things that aren't coming from Garrett but are coming from some other random location? Yes, absolutely. The, probably the first one, so we're going to make that an extension point and there will be like a nice API there so it'll be easy to add new triggering and reporting mechanisms. The first one that we're going to add is probably gonna be for GitHub because we'd like to run this CI system for the Ansible project itself and they use GitHub. We'll also probably, we're actually looking forward to using it in OpenStack as well because sometimes we have dependencies in OpenStack on projects out there in GitHub and we would love to be able to say this patch depends on a change that's a pull request in GitHub and the interaction between those two systems I think is going to be really cool. Yeah, yeah, so the triggering system is actually separate from the source system so there need to be Git repositories involved at some point at this time but the triggering doesn't have to come from where the Git repositories is. So where it says sourceGarret, that's actually, I glossed over this because they're the same here but sourceGarret is saying get the Git repositories from Garret. TriggerGarret is saying get the events from Garret. So you could say sourceGarret and then trigger some RPM build happen somewhere. With the Ansible runs, how does the console output link back to the publishers? So in the current version of Zool, we've been working on, we've sort of been trying out some ways of getting that information back. Monty Taylor has written a really cool Ansible plugin that basically substitutes for the Ansible command module and captures the standard output and it goes into a log file that can be streamed in real-time by users. So you'll be able to have the sort of real-time streaming log file that you're used to in CI systems without having to change your playbooks at all. Does that answer the question? Yeah, cool. Anything else? All right, thank you all very much. Thank you.


Open Digital Asset News to get top stories in cryptocurrency digital assets and bring them out of bite-sized pieces. Today, a lot of interesting stuff. First up, Americans to buy Bitcoin with their second stimulus checks after initial investment turned in a 50% profit. I'm going to tell you why this is and when you can expect it also. Cardano's making news. Cardano adds another pillar of technology as highly anticipated Shelly upgrade successfully goes live with no hiccups and no problem, which was pretty amazing. Now, we're going to take a look at Cardano's staking, which is everything you need to know about ADA returns. And this was a fantastic article written by Crypto Briefing, which goes over the ins and outs. And I got to say, thank you so much to them for explaining it simply. We'll take a quick look at Delegate Your Stake from staking.cardano.org. And lastly, I'm going to answer some of your hard-hitting questions as hard fork effects on cold wallet storage of cryptocurrency, which is a perfect timing because of the Shelly Mainnet launch. Before we do that, let's take a look at what's going on in the market. So today it is July 30th, 1130 Texas time, everything's looking pretty good. So Bitcoin, hey, you can't keep going up forever. That's just the way it is. And it's down 2% for the day. So there was a question yesterday about, you know, should I just go all in or should I dollar cost average? This is what I'm talking about. So there's going to be dips, there's going to be ups and downs, but there's not that stress of just going all in and going, okay, here it is, here's $20,000. And hopefully it goes up. So just be patient, stick to your plan. But although Bitcoin is up 15.7% for seven days. So good for that. Ethereum still doing great, had a 0.2% increase. Now it's at 3.22, XRP 24 cents, almost going to get 25. So everything's looking good, Bitcoin cash, Cardano in that sixth spot, I don't see it staying there. I'm going to tell you why in a little bit, but Cardano's up 13% for the week. Bitcoin cash up 15% Litecoin up and bigly 26% for the week, crypto.com. And before I forget, I'm going to have a discussion with one of the VPs of operations for crypto.com or VP of relation management or something like that today at 8pm. And I'm just not sure about crypto.com. I know some of you just love it, but I just don't get it. So I need you to, whatever you questions that you have that you'd like to be answered, include those in the comment section and I'll be sure to ask this person when I talk to them. We're going to do a Zoom meeting later tonight. So I'm interested to see what it's all about. But again, I just don't see it.  And it looks like a pretty good day for most V-Chain, 12.9% for over 24 hours. Not too shabby. All right, let's break into today's top story. So I don't know if this is like the top story, but to me the big excitement is around Cardano right now, especially with that Shelley Mainnet launch, but I don't want to take away anything like this. This was actually a great article from Bitcoin.com. Talks about Americans are going to buy more Bitcoin when they get their stimulus check. So what exactly is going on? So we recovered this a couple of days ago and I just wanted to reiterate this because I'm going to think that I think that there is going to be a pretty big push for Bitcoin when the stimulus check comes out because people love to invest now, especially in cryptocurrencies assets and Bitcoin is going to be a big winner. So the US government on Monday expected to approve plans for this second payout, which looks like they already have. There is actually a confirmation. And even Steve Mnuchin, the Treasury Secretary, said it's going to be pretty much the same thing. So what happened before the stimulus checks, this is a couple of months ago, but at that time when the checks, as far as stimulus checks were first issued, each Bitcoin traded for around $7,000. Remember those days? Below $10,000? Oh yeah, so long ago. Today, each $1,200 check that was invested in Bitcoin at that time is now worth about $1,829, which is a gain of more than $600. So imagine this, imagine if you could put your money into the traditional market and get $600 back in like two months, three months. That's insane gains. And these are unprecedented times, my friends. And when you get some kind of gains like that, I mean, that is amazing to me. Anyhow, moving on, according to US government officials, the latest stimulus checks are expected to be paid out in August. So August, we're almost there and it's going to come on the pipe. So all this different momentum that we have as far as the markets go, just for us, just for crypto. I don't care about traditional markets. I just don't. But for all the momentum that we have right now, we're going to see an acceleration of that with these stimulus checks. And it's right around the corner. So the White House economic advisor, Larry Trudlow, told CNN that families will receive this second $1,200 payout as part of a $1 trillion stimulus package. When the government first paid out their stimulus money in April, large crypto exchanges, Coinbase and Binance reported a spike in exactly $1,200 equivalent deposits on their platforms. Brian Armstrong, CEO of Coinbase said at the time that the number of $1,200 worth deposits and buys in the exchange climbed by 400% that month. So I believe it's going to be the same thing that's going to come on the pipe. And especially if they're going to have those stimulus checks plus another round of PPP or paycheck protection plans, I don't see an issue with people putting it into the Robinhood players, the traditional market players, and of course the Cryptocurrency asset players. So I see a big push around August. We'll see if I'm wrong. Let me know what you think of the comments section. Let's move on to what I'm really most excited about Cardano. So here we go. Here's another pillar of technology as highly anticipated. Shelly upgrade successfully goes live. So what exactly is going on? So the move to Shelly will allow holders of ADA, Cardano's native token, to stake their coins and receive rewards. And if you aren't familiar with this, over the weekend, the Cardano team, they actually battled it out and they took a look at it because they were going to launch Shelly on the 29th.  They ran out of the gambit. They tried to find every single problem that they could and they couldn't find it and actually push forward, which to me is amazing because this, I've had complaints about Cardano many, I mean, for a long time because their main net took forever, I mean, forever, literally took forever. So I was like, you know, as an entrepreneur, I'm like, just throw stuff against the wall and see what sticks doesn't work. Just fix it. And of course, you know, that's why I'm not a programmer. Just be honest. So again, I'll tip my hat to them. They did everything that they could do. It looked like they worked very hard. And I watched the stream from Charles Hoskinson and he just looks, you know, exhausted, but elated because it all went off without a hitch. And to do that much work and have not a problem happen and as meticulous and as streamlined as that group is where there's just so into making everything as good as it can. It's amazing to me that they didn't shut it down.  But I was wrong. And that's just, that's good. I'm glad I'm wrong. I'm glad I was wrong. I'm glad it's moving forward. So I'm pretty happy about that. But moving on the article, in the past few months, the ADA price has more than doubled. So many experts are predicting that there is room for a lot more growth. Moving down another development that has been long awaited by holders and many others in the cryptocurrency community is the addition of the Cardano's native token, ADA, to Coinbase. And Coinbase has already made its interest in the Cardano public or publicly known. The expectation has been that the move to the Shelley phase would be the catalyst for ADA's addition to Coinbase. They already have a relationship, that line of thinking makes, I mean, it always makes sense, right? If you already have a relationship, things are going on, then why not do it? And the relationship they're talking about is that early in July at the Cardano virtual summit, it was announced that Cardano had signed an agreement with Coinbase Custody that staking would be supported by the crypto onboarding giant. So here's the thing. Back in the day, when Coinbase only had like three or four different cryptocurrencies, it was Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, I remember those days, that's when I got into it, 2017. So when another coin came on, it was like, oh my God, this is huge, this whole thing and it was called the Bitcoin pump. I mean the Coinbase pump, Coinbase listing pump, excuse me. And these days, there's a lot more different assets on there, so it's not as big of a deal as it used to be. There's a little bit of a thing there, but not so much. However, with Cardano, with it being so high up there, and I believe as time gets closer, it's going to flip with Bitcoin Cash. It's going to be the top five. And I have predicted actually that Cardano will be a top three cryptocurrency coin. I see when people look at it and they go, hold on, okay, let me get this straight. Bitcoin is 11,000. It's all time high, it's 20,000. Well, people don't like to buy fractions of coins. They just don't. And I understand what people are going to say, hey, you can have a millionth of a Satoshi, you know, that's just how it is. People want a full coin. So just like fractional shares, they don't want to have a fractional share of Tesla. They want the whole one Tesla stock. So when they look at that and they go, okay, well, to get to this all time high, I got to spend 11,000, which sucks, but people do. And I'm only going to get, you know, 9,000 back. So whatever. That's maybe I could double my money. Maybe not. Then they take a look at, you know, Ethereum, like Ethereum, well, that's around 300 bucks and it used to be 1200. So what are we looking at? Like 4x? It's pretty good. Then they look at Cardano, like, hold on, let me get this straight. It's like 13 cents, 14 cents, and it used to be a dollar or something. Well, that's like 8x, 9x. I like those odds and it's just got listed and there's all these upgrades and they've taken years to do it and they have all these different partnerships. I mean partnerships. I mean, well, PricewaterhouseCoopers, I suppose. And things are really getting to really hit the stride. I think I'm going to invest in that. That seems pretty good. And it's been around for how long? And the CEO or the person at the helm used to be at the helm of Ethereum. Okay. Now, I know there's some people that hate Cardano and it's very few people. I know what they're going to say. So go ahead and say what you want to say in the comment section. I understand where you're coming from, but I still think Cardano is going to be a big thing. That's just me. Let me know what you think in the comment section.  Let me know what you think and let's move on to, let's take a look at staking. So staking. Everything you need to know.  Thank you so much for making a great article. So this is the kind of stuff that I actually need and I actually need to do this. So Cardano staking, just if you don't know, operates on a cyclical basis. Rewards are paid out every epoch or every five days, which is pretty cool, right?  I like that. I like money. I like cryptocurrency. I'll take it. During the network's initial launch, there will be epochs in which no rewards are paid out, but that will change. Cardano addresses have separate keys for spending and staking.  Plus, Cardano doesn't require your tokens to be locked in for a term. You can unstake your tokens at any time. So that's pretty nice. You don't have to have them locked out for a month, three months, six months a year. They're in there. They're out. It's up to you. So here's the big thing. Joining versus running a pool. You have to be either a part of a pool or the pool itself. You can't just individually stake. Kind of like Tezos. You have to find a baker and just kind of give them, not give them your coins, but you can stake them with them. And the same type of thing here. So Cardano relies heavily on staking pools, whereas some other blockchains rely heavily on individual staking nodes. Advanced users should run their own pool during higher profits if you are an advanced user. That is not me. I'm just going to be honest. I am not advanced at all. So I'm going to just join a pool. However, individual users can stake their tokens with an existing stake pool, which is a much simpler process. I like simple. I have a lot of stuff going on. I'm going to do that. You can delegate tokens from your Daedalus or Yori wallet as explained here. And I'm going to link this, this, of course, in the comments section, or the comments, the description. It looks something like this, how to delegate your stake. It's just at staking.Cardano.org. And it pretty much just lays it all out, but let's run back here. What do you need to run a pool? If you decide to operate a staking pool, you'll need constant internet connectivity and you'll need various technical skills. This is what you need. You'll need a knowledge of how to run and maintain a Cardano node on a 24-7 basis. System operation skills, experience of development and operations, or DevOps and server administration skills, operational maintenance. I do not have any of those. I'm not going to do that. You won't need a powerful computer and ASIC device provides no advantage. So that's pretty nice, right? You don't have to break the bank for a brand new computer if you want to do that. So what do you need to join a pool? This was interesting to me. If you join a staking pool, you won't need a constant internet connection and you won't need to monitor your stake 24-7. There is no minimum staking amount on most pools, which, unlike Ethereum, where you need 32, there is no minimum here. Very nice. However, you will need to choose a pool that is reliable and which offers low fees. Websites like PoolTool and Adapools allow users to view the status of each pool. Also Cardano's deadless wallet also helps users choose a pool through its delegation screen. Once you've staked your Cardano, you don't need to do anything at all. That's awesome. Rewards are automatically paid out. Also awesome. And there is no need to make a claim. Triple awesome. If you do not withdraw your original stake, your ADA will remain staked and you will continue to earn rewards. Quadruple awesome. Fantastic. So how will Cardano achieve decentralization?  We should be. Right? Cardano will ensure that its staking pools do not accumulate too much power. This was interesting. For one thing, Cardano's stake pools will offer lower rewards as they get larger. Imagine that. The bigger your stake pool is, the lower the rewards get. And this will encourage users to move between pools on a regular basis. And this will, in turn, theoretically prevent any pool from getting dominance. So there's always going to be someone who tries to gain the system. That's just how humans or people work, right?  We want to kind of keep it and try to make it as central as possible. And we don't want to have too much of these huge conglomerates over everything. So that I can appreciate that. Secondly, Cardano's staking pools will have little control over governance. Stake pools don't vote. One of the Genesis key holders will be able to vote, and this is the key word here, initially, initially. So as things move forward, everybody should be able to vote. Democracy wins, decentralization wins. I like the whole thing. So again, I will link this article plus all the information as far as how to delegate your stake and everything else in the description of this video. And that is it for that part. So now I'm going to actually answer a great question that was posed to me by a subscriber. So let's jump into my office, huh? Great. So welcome back to the office. As you can see, here we are. I know the comments section of people say, oh, it looks so nice to have a pool and everything else. Well, it's a lot of work and there's maintenance, so don't think it's that fantastic. So anyhow, so here's what we have for the question today. This was from Nurbik Modi. I think I butchered that. But anyhow, the question is, hi, Dan. Hope you're doing good. Absolutely content. That's why I love your channel. Fantastic. So he says, I'm having a difficult time finding content about what happens when there is a hard fork with the cryptos stored in a cold wallet. Good question. So he breaks down into four pieces. He said, if you store Bitcoin or ETH or any crypto in a cold wallet like a ledger, does a hard fork matter? That's number one. Two, how do we claim coins for the hard fork? Three, do I need to sell the crypto coins on the old blockchain through the exact same exchange which I bought? And the last one was, are there any tax implications if you do not claim the hard fork coins? So the last two are pretty easy to answer. And the first two are a little bit more difficult. And what I actually did was I actually reached out to the ledger corporation, ledger company. And they asked these same questions. And I said, who can jump on with me and do a quick call? And one of their lead operators, Fabrice Dottariat, he actually responded. And he came on. We did a great interview. And it was like a quick five to seven minutes. And unfortunately, I did not click on the audio record part. So that is my fault.  He is eight hours ahead and he has a lot of things with his family. So I'm not going to bother him. However, good news was, is that he had actually sent me an email previously and had told me, you know, like his rough answers. So I'm going to tell you what he told me in his interview and also in the email so he can make this crystal clear as much as possible. So number one, if you store Bitcoin or ETH or any crypto in a qualled wallet like a ledger, does a hard fork matter? And Fabrice says, yes, it does. A hard fork is basically a change of the blockchain protocol, make it incompatible with previous versions. Since there is a protocol change, it's very likely that there are also some changes in the way as far as what the transactions are built. As a consequence, the new transactions may not be possible to sign using your ledger hardware wallet. And from there, several questions arise for ledger. And one of the big questions that we actually talked about was the new hard fork for the Shelly mainnet launch. And the question was, will ledger actually work now because of what just happened with Cardano? And he said, well, he said, in essence, no, it's not going to work. But he gave me a little snippet and said that, and I was the first one to know this, he says, is we actually just upgraded everything. So now it does work with Cardano. So as far as like, if you store Bitcoin or ETH in a cold wallet, does a hard fork matter? Yes, it does. And to really get to the meat and potatoes of it, it really comes down to a case-by-case basis. So will a ledger Cardano app still work? No. The Shelly update is breaking compatibility with the previous transaction format, but they've actually fixed it already. So kudos to them. Well, I lose my Cardano token. That's another big question that came about. Well, you actually lose everything. And no, your private key remains safe during a fork. So remember, the ledger doesn't store anything. The ledger doesn't store your cryptocurrency. What a ledger does is it stores your private keys. On the blockchain, which is throughout all the nodes throughout the entire globe, that is where all the information is stored. This is not like you're actually storing coins or storing a physical property. And if you have questions, I'm going to link the very end of this video to one of my basics, which talks about ledger wallet, what is a private address, what is a public address, and everything that goes along with that to make you understand to help you out. OK. So that was the first question. And then the second question was, how do we claim coins for the hard forked crypto, assuming the crypto is in a cold wallet? And this was actually a very long, drawn-out answer, because he said it's a very tricky question. But he states, as explained before, a hard fork is a breaking in the protocol. From there, two things can happen. Either people running nodes all agree to the update as necessary, in which case everyone moves to the new version of the protocol. And that's what's happening here with Cardano. Everybody's agreeing that there's not going to be a split, just because it's a fork. An example would be, and the best example would be Bitcoin, when it's split between Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. So some people went with Bitcoin Core, how do you want to call it? And somebody went with Bitcoin Cash. And what was interesting about for Breeze is he told me that what they do during these forks is they don't automatically flip a switch and go, OK, we're going to make sure that we have everything compatible with this new fork. What they do is they first follow it, because there is no reason if it's not viable, a chain that kind of comes off and is actually not used by anybody, just some wacky group that's like, we're going to do this thing. And everybody's like, no, we're not going to follow you. So an example would be like when you had all those different Bitcoin forks. You had Bitcoin Diamond, Bitcoin Onyx, Bitcoin Tomato, Bitcoin, whatever. Those things are not viable. So they're like, we're not going to waste our time with it. And that makes sense to me. So the last thing would be then, I almost forgot about this, is that will you actually get, if you had back in 2017, I believe it was 2016, I forgot, when Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash actually split, would you just see Bitcoin Cash in your ledger and at that point, it didn't actually happen. So again, it's going to be a case by case basis. So if you have some type of coin, some other project that actually splits off, the best thing to do would just be to contact ledger and say, are you going to support this, or are you going to wait, or how's it all going to happen? And the last two questions we went over, but they're pretty basic. And I think it's the easiest one to answer. So the third question was, do I need to sell the crypto coins on the old blockchain through the same exact exchange, which I bought when the hard fork happens? And he says, when a hard fork happens, if you think it will result in two living chains, which is a good term, living change, some are just going to be defunct and not going to be followed, then you should keep your funds in your ledger vice, as you can be sure you'll end up with tokens on the two chains once the fork happens.  They might support the fork, or they might not. You'll have to check with the exchange. So again, just make sure that you have some type of ability to have your private keys. If you have your private keys, everything should be safe. And this actually happened to me. I remember when Litecoin and Litecoin Cash, I don't know if anyone remembers that. Litecoin actually split into Litecoin Cash, and it was on Coinbase. And that didn't actually work out. So if you don't have your private keys, like if you keep them on exchanges, then you're probably not, they're not going to support it all the time. However, I do remember Binance and Coinbase supporting certain type of forks. But they let you know, like, well far in advance if they're going to do it or not. So just check with them, and everything should be OK. The last question was, are there any tax implications if you do not claim the hard forked coins? And there's no tax implications. I can't speak for everybody throughout the entire globe. I don't know the tax rules in Australia and South America, all the way throughout North America and Mexico and Canada. But I can tell you for the United States, for a taxable event to actually happen, you need to sell your cryptocurrency or you need to exchange it for something. So like if you have Bitcoin and you transfer it into Ethereum, that is a taxable event. If you have Bitcoin and you sell your Bitcoin and you get fiat for that, that is a taxable event. But if you move your, let's say, Bitcoin, Ethereum, whatever else, into your ledger hardware wallet that is not a taxable event for anywhere that I know of. But again, check with your personal account and your tax representative, and it should be OK. All right, so that's it for today. So hey, before we take off, I just want to make mention and give thanks to all my subscribers. If you don't know, just join now button underneath. You don't get anything special. I don't hold anything back. It's kind of like a tip. It's like a buck 99. And I just do random shout-outs. And then you get like a little badge when we do live streams, which we really need to do more of. I've been trying to slack on that, but there's been so much going on. So first up, Iran Rodriguez. Eric Maiko, JCR Central. What's going on, everybody? So we got also John P. All right, soft, my man from way back in the day. Sam Rossman, TDG, Cheya, my man, Metic, Jack Minion, beloved, and Steven Schmitz. So hey, thanks so much, everybody. I really appreciate it. If you like these types of videos, there'll be two more that's going to pop up on your left and right. I have no idea what they are, because that's what YouTube does. They have control of that. So if you like these videos, pick one of those and then move on. But that is it for today. So thanks a lot for sticking with me. I appreciate it. And I'll see you on the next one.


I've realized is that my passions don't bring me like happiness my passions are something that bring me that are that almost like something to do this was literally one of the most depressing videos I've ever seen so let's talk about happiness what is up everybody this is Chris from the rewired soul where we talk about the problem but focus on the solution and if you're new to my channel my channel is all about trying to help you improve your mental and emotional well-being so if you're into that kind of stuff make sure you subscribe and ring that notification bell because what I like to do is pull things from the YouTube community and kind of use what you're already watching to teach you about mental health so yeah Brandon Calvello or Calvia I still don't know how to say his name he just interviewed Elle Mills he's been doing a series where he interviews people in his cars actually really interesting my girlfriend got me turned on to him and I made a video the other day about his talk with Scotty and now he's talking with Elle Mills and yeah I kind of click baited you in here by making you think this video was out about Elle Mills but as I watched it I'm like we need to talk about this dude brand it all right and hey don't get mad at me about the click bait either because I dubs did it with his rice gum content cop video you all thought it was about Jake Paul this video is not about this obnoxious arrogant soul it's about an entirely different obnoxious arrogant soul some of you might be pleasantly surprised with who this video is actually about so yeah anyways like watching this video watching this video I'm just sitting there thinking I'm like man I could not hang out with this dude Brandon because he is a bummer and I just want to make it very clear this is not a knock at Brandon like if he was somebody in my life I would have to set up some boundaries or try to help him or both and if you want some more information about setting boundaries and why I say things like that go watch my last video about Shane Dawson and Katie Borden and their little therapy session but yeah anyways like Elle Mills had a very public mental breakdown and everybody talks to her about it like that's like one of the things she knows she's known for it something that I've known you know I learned about her from and that's what people always want to talk about in the interviewer but yeah through this conversation like Brandon actually did a lot of the talking and I'm seeing them like dude Brandon you got to change your perspective baby um so yeah like I will I will talk about one thing that Elle Mills said in this clip right here I don't know I've been like going into the gym like working out like you know doing eating healthy so yeah like I just want you guys to start thinking like just start thinking like I just find it interesting I find it really interesting whenever you ask somebody about how they're improving their mental health the first thing they say is I'm eating better and exercising like isn't that just interesting like we're talking about mental health but the first thing people say is physical health okay and yeah I know some of you out there like oh look this fat guy here is talking about physical health not making you happy stop it I'm on a weight loss journey thank you very much but anyways like don't you think that's interesting because something that is a theme throughout this video as well as with a lot of other youtuber videos is that they thought that being a youtuber would make them happy and I just want to plant this seed in your head like just know that losing weight and getting to the you know that perfect size may not make you happy either I just want people to know that or you're just chasing another thing that won't fill that void that you have inside and I just want you to think about that like I knew I knew for a fact that I had to find true happiness at this size well actually I was 50 pounds heavier last year I had to find happiness at that size in order for me to still have true happiness as I continue to lose weight yeah I might seem a little harsh in this video but I just want to explain to you like how people in your life like their perspective is messed up and you need to hang around people who have a better perspective okay because they are there to be the optimist for you I was actually just talking to somebody on Twitter I had some time while I was sending Zach the last video I was replying to him and they went from having this big issue and within like four tweets they're like they said I noticed that too it's a pride thing possibly we all have habits and behaviors we don't understand what is this feeling dot dot dot optimism comfort what have you done right and like I'm not telling you to keep me around but keep people like me around like I am here to offer a different perspective on things because I get it I've been depressed I've been in that nihilistic state you know I've been in the existential crises I've been in all those things but now I am an optimist you need to keep those types of people around I've realized that it work is not something that makes anybody happy I don't think work or passions make people happy I think that happiness thing like comes you kind of like don't realize it until you're in it and it only lasts for like a like a few minutes like really being very happy yeah last for like a few minutes and it's and it can be it's usually something not involving work or like structure usually just a random moment so right here Brandon like it's laughable Brandon says like nobody likes their job like what what do like your perspective is messed up if you think nobody likes their job like I'm letting all of you know that you know why cuz I love what I do I love what I do I get to work with people all day who are struggling with addiction and mental illness and I get to help them you know what I love it so much that I come home and I make all these videos that Zach has to edit that's how much I love it right but like what what I think I notice a lot about Brandon is that he surrounds himself with a lot of like not great people I'm not saying they're bad people but I think he's getting sucked into that that kind of pessimistic worldview because that's who he surrounds himself with surround yourself with people who love their job and you're going to see that other people love their job and I did I wasn't rapid thinking because I think everybody is always has terrible anxiety and is always thinking like terrible thoughts and like or not even terrible thoughts but just racing thoughts and they don't stop like you think a thousand thoughts a second this was one of the most interesting parts of the video one of the just most interesting parts of the video because I can relate so much like Brandon talks about how happiness is this fleeting thing it's this fleeting moment he talks about how everybody's mind races and nobody can actually have happiness for longer periods of time and I can relate to that like one of the problems with mental illness and when our mental health is not in a good place is that we think we think that this is normal for the rest of the world and I was living in that for a very very long time I was like nobody's happy everybody's miserable we're all just chasing the next dopamine hit but that's not the case that's not the case at all and here's my suggestion here's my suggestion for you if you think happiness is fleeting or if you can relate to Brandon or if you are Brandon you're just happy to stumble across this video happiness is not fleeting that moment that he talks about on the Santa Monica pier that happens all day long the problem is that we don't notice it okay those racing thoughts what Brandon is explaining in that moment is this thing I keep telling you all about called mindfulness okay Brandon needs to meditate you need to meditate when I started meditating three years ago what I was doing was training my brain to capture those moments more more often throughout the day but for other people like they're just getting a glimpse they're getting a glimpse at what so many of us so many of us who practice meditation get all the time and now some of you are gonna say Chris how do I start meditating I have an entire playlist about meditation I have a ton of videos about how to start meditating I also always tell you to just type in free meditation app on your phone and you'll find some so you can get started I've noticed that it's all the same like all the same very much depressed but secretly yeah very secretly not really putting and just constantly cracking jokes which is fine that's what people do in order to feel comfortable yeah I've noticed that it's this hidden like river of sadness in these people and everybody's there and everybody it's almost like everyone feels that but no one's saying anything about it this is another laughable quote like they're talking about how like you go to conventions and like they don't really talk about it but like everybody's depressed like what no they're not I'm a perfect example I was just at a YouTube convention called big summit and I was happy as hell not only was I happy as hell but I was hanging out with people who are happy as hell not everybody's depressed not everybody's depressed I made a video about getting to 20,000 subscribers and I said this quote and I will say it again if you want what I have then you got to do what I do that's how I started improving my mental health I found people who were genuinely happy despite any circumstances in their lives I found those people my what are you doing to achieve that happiness and I stuck to them I clung to them I followed them I walked in footsteps I'm like teach me everything okay so again I think Brandon is in a bubble where he's hanging out with people who just aren't truly happy to say something about somebody who's there because they don't want to like have beef with that person and then that person's gonna like fire back at them over Twitter because they found out high school yeah and yeah it's just a lot of really anti-social people trying to be social that's what I've yeah the yeah so real quick real quick real quick like it's not about how everybody's like walking on eggshells everybody's afraid to say something this person my tween and he might start beefing on a no no no no there's two rules there's two rules always be honest and don't be a dick okay if you do those two things you don't got to worry about what you're gonna say okay if you remember those two things always be honest and don't be a dick the second one's really important because something some people are honest too often and it makes them a dick you know what I mean it's weird it's strange like I I feel like I don't have any skills yeah I'm like even if I wanted to do something else yeah I have no fucking clue yeah because I haven't spent the last five years like I don't know crafting some sort of like skill like I can't like build things I can't like make a building I can't so this is crazy this is crazy and this is why you need more people with optimistic points of views in your life like so many people so many people I don't have any skills I don't have any trades you guys listen to the words coming out of my mouth I have a contracted job with a company that is paying me because of everything I've learned with this YouTube channel with my Instagram with my Facebook with my Twitter since I learned how to grow those on my own I am now doing work for somebody else so I have acquired skills through what I'm doing and now I can do it for someone else for money so Brandon if you don't like making YouTube videos help other people with their YouTube videos okay and if you're watching this all of you out there I want you to think about what other skills you have acquired okay whether it's organization skills something like Brandon I would say he has people skills that's important in customer service in sales so like do not get this narrow scope like I could sit down with anybody anybody and tell them the list of skills that they have I guess it means it seems like you're on the right path I'm working on it I think definitely it's good that I've made some progress yeah so I just think I think it's gonna be trial and error and just figuring it out and I feel like eventually I'm still young so eventually I'll hold you I'm 20 you're 20 yeah okay whole man yep well they just said right there so many people in their early 20s mid 20s whatever it is they have these like moments of what am I doing with my life that's what I was saying in the Marzia video right like so many people go through that hi I'm one of them but listen to the words coming out of my mouth are you ready I was a drug addict and alcoholic until I was 27 years old 27 years old Elle Mills is 20 Brandon is 24 if a guy like me can screw up his life and go back down to zero by the time he was 27 years old and now I have an amazing life today trust me it is not too late for you to figure out what you're gonna do that's why more people need to be watching and listening to Gary Vaynerchuk because he says this over and over and over again if you are in your 20s and you are watching this video you have so much time to figure things out just experiment find what you like to do go do it because if somebody like me like can screw up until they're 27 I didn't really get on my feet until I was 30 and things are going really great at 33 you can do it too especially because you're younger than me hotter than me and have more energy than me because what's they gonna do yeah what is all what is you feeling panic and feeling all this stuff unless you can't help it but if you're willingly thinking these things and and and you're going down a rabbit hole of more and more like darkness than just what is it doing yeah it's not it's not like you're gonna get to the bottom of this hole and there's gonna be like a passageway into like happiness yeah it's just you're you're you digging yourself and you just it's not there's no point to feeling that way right here I found this very interesting because right here you see Brandon and L kind of noticing their own thinking traps right they're noticing the patterns in their thinking and as Brandon's talking I'm sitting there I'm thinking I'm like you know what maybe Brandon even if he doesn't know this maybe Brandon isn't so much interviewing people for entertainment or for content but maybe maybe this is really therapeutic for Brandon some creators just by doing things like this it actually helps them process some things because a lot of the advice he was giving L Mills might have helped himself does that ever make you wonder if me making these videos helps me out more than it helps you hmm as I've gotten older I realized like there's not much when you have like these conversations there's not much that you can do to like actually give advice it's more just venting yeah it's more you're more knowing that you're not alone yeah that's it's nice so this last clip right here towards the end you know they were just talking about you know what I don't think we really solved anything but like it's good to know that you're not alone and that you can prevent yes yes yes yes why do you think I created the Facebook group and the community around that it's great to talk and know that we're not alone but you know what I figured out you know what I figured out a long time ago that only gets you so far finding people we can relate to and vent to only gets us so far that's why I always say we talk about the problem but focus on the solution because if we just sit there and just know that other people are miserable like we are then what we start doing is surrounding ourselves with miserable people you need to start surrounding yourself with people who help you get into the solution is what you need to do so surround yourself with people who can relate to your problems but they help push you towards the solution but anyways the topic the overall topic of this video was happiness so aside from all the meditation stuff I babbled about I'm gonna give you three book recommendations that I will link down in the description below okay the first one is the book called happiness advantage by an author by the name of Sean Aker he is a professor of positive psychology at I believe Hartford University his entire field of psychology is helping people find happiness okay so make sure you check out this book because there's a lot a lot if you're like a science nerd if you're into science and psychology you need to read this book he has scientific studies that can help you develop better happiness in your life this next one is one of my favorite books one of my favorite books and I wish every youtuber had to read this I wish everyone had to read this and this is the book called super rich by Russell Simmons those of you who don't know who Russell Simmons is he is the brother of run from run DMC Russell Simmons started Def Jam records and he is you know a big-time meditator he found meditation through yoga he does transcendental meditation I do mindfulness meditation but if you read super rich you are going to understand how things will not make you happy last but not least is this book meditation for fidgety skeptics this book is written by Dan Harris he is an anchor for I think good morning America he had a public panic attack like on national television if you go to YouTube and type in news anchor panic attack that's him he is the number one search one but anyways because of that panic attack because of that terrible thing in his life he found meditation and since then he wrote a book called 10% happier this is a sequel to that book where him and this guy Jeff I've forgotten his last name but he's an amazing guy they call him the MacGyver of meditation he helps teach you how to turn anything you're doing into a meditation right so I highly recommend you check out this book meditation for fidgety skeptics so remember remember pain is inevitable suffering is optional if you are suffering that is your choice I have provided resources down in the description below what you do with them is completely up to you alright let's do this down in the comments before you leave before you leave me down in the comments below let me know do you surround yourself with optimist or pessimists okay and if you want to go a step further what are you gonna do to fix that or change that like how do you think it's affecting your mental health all right let's have a conversation and support each other down in the comments below okay but anyways that's all I got with this video if you liked this video please give it a thumbs up if you're new make sure to subscribe and ring that notification bell and a huge thank you to everybody supporting the channel of our patreon you're all amazing and I have a patreon q&a coming up very very soon so if you want to be a part of it make sure you click or tap right there on that patreon icon all right thanks so much for watching stay happy and I'll see you next time