I used to have really bad acne, and now I have perfect skin in comparison, but that's how it feels these days, and after optimizing my skincare routine over the past decade, here's what I do daily to keep my acne-prone skin healthy and glowing. I start by washing my face with Panoxyl Acne Face Wash because it has 10% benzoyl peroxide, and if you have sensitive skin, they also have a 4%, but I need extra strength, and I've been using it for years now, and it doesn't dry out my skin, and it's also pretty inexpensive. I just spread that out on my wet skin with my fingers, and then use the most iconic face brush I've ever tried. It has three different speed settings, different brush heads, and the coolest feature is that it has a red light therapy light built in, and you can also switch to blue for killing acne-causing bacteria when you're breaking out, but these days I use red to increase collagen, improve scars, slow aging, and decrease inflammation. It's a small amount of light, but it does add up, and I also use a large machine at home once a week for a full treatment, but I thought it was a really cool feature, and find the exfoliation on the fastest setting to be perfect for my skin, and I love doing several different skin treatments, but that's a whole other video, so back to my basic daily routine. After rinsing off the face wash, I tone with either youth to the people's kombucha toner because it has glycolic acid and can help brighten dark spots, but I think it was discontinued, but the Pixi Glycolic Acid Toner is the OG, so I recommend that one, and I alternate that with the Glow Recipe Cloudberry Toner, which is great for dry skin full of vitamin C and contains the CoQ10 antioxidant. So one to two pumps of that is good to cover your face, neck, and chest, and I'm just patting it everywhere to make sure it's evenly distributed and putting any excess skincare on my hands to keep them healthy and help slow down the appearance of aging and sunspots. Next up are serums, and I think everyone needs some vitamin C in their skincare routine because it's a powerful antioxidant that helps protect against sun damage, promotes collagen production, and reduces hyperpigmentation, which was so important for me because I would have some after every breakout and it could last for months, and the most effective and stable form of vitamin C is ethyl ascorbic acid, so that and the good reviews is why I chose this one, and I'm on my second bottle really loving it. It absorbs easily and quickly into my skin, and I use it at night so the sun doesn't break down the product and have it lose its effectiveness. During the day, I like to use Kiehl's 5% niacinamide serum, which is a type of vitamin B3 which doesn't break down from sun exposure, is soothing, hydrating, and has antioxidant properties. Sometimes I like to layer my vitamin C serum with my morning serum, which I like to switch up every now and then, but right now I really do like this one. Next up is moisturizer, and right now I'm loving the Skin Fix Barrier Plus triple lipid peptide cream, which is a bit on the thicker side which I prefer, and it has glycerin as a humectant to draw moisture to your skin and ceramides that protect your skin barrier. I think it's the right amount of hydrating and creamy, and I'm always looking out for really hydrating products. This is the most incredible retinol to me because it actually doesn't irritate my skin or break me out like all the other retinols I've ever tried, even low strength ones, and right as I almost gave up on retinols, I found this beauty and I use it every three days on my face and as often as I like on my hands, neck, and chest, which are less sensitive areas, and it does an amazing job just plumping up my skin and making it feel so youthful and healthy, so I keep one jar with my skincare and one jar by my bedside for my hands and always use it at night so the sun doesn't burn or break it down. Of course I'd never go outside without SPF on, so if it was the day I'd use my current fave because it spreads so easily, absorbs quickly, doesn't leave a white cast, and gives me all the protection I need. Next up is the Humble Vaseline, aka Petroleum Jelly, which is an important ingredient in the $380 La Mer moisturizer and on its own is the best way to slug, it's super moisturizing, really seals in all of the moisture you just added and creates a physical protective barrier on the skin. It's also non-commodogenic so it doesn't clog your pores and I like to pat it everywhere and really seal in all that goodness, also adding a long lasting glow to my skin. This is one thing I wish I tried a decade ago, so don't waste a decade like me and actually go try this now. The final product I use in my routine is a turmeric dark spot corrector serum oil and it has a texture similar to snail mucin or bean essence and I use it last because it's an oil even though it kind of feels like part serum but I've noticed how well this has helped speed up dark spot fading and I gave one to my sister last year and I just saw her, her skin has improved so much and I'm shocked at how hydrating and brightening it is while also being so inexpensive and I made a folder on my amazon storefront so you can find everything easily since some of these are really small brands and this is light enough to wear during the day and if I want a thicker oil for night I like to use bio oil which can also help with post acne scarring and now that we're done with face, neck, chest and hands the last thing to hydrate is my lips and I am obsessed with aquafor on damp lips and it's the only lip on my views that feels like it fully sinks into my lips and hydrates my soul and the perfect thing to seal that in and keep it lasting longer is a lip oil and I really like the elf ones and the applicator is so fun to use. So that's my daily routine that saved my face and life I hope you found this helpful and let me know if you want a follow-up video on the skin treatments I do because I could talk about skincare for years.


So, Mr. Shubham, Shubham is it? Yes. All right. You know in the joint in your US statement during the President Trump's visit, there was a reference being made to what is known as Blue Dot Network. What is this Blue Dot Network? Blue Dot Network is a private sector-led network which focuses on capacity building and transparent infrastructure building which is in contrast to the Benton Road initiative by China which is based on debt trap diplomacy and is quite opaque in nature. So, is this being considered Blue Dot Network? Is it being considered as a counter to the Chinese BRI or what? I couldn't say sir it can be a counter because BRI is the scale at which BRI is working and the kind of resources which Chinese are pumping in. It cannot be counted by just a concept of a Blue Dot Network. But if when looked at in the context of if we look at the overall thing for example India and Japan with the Asia-Africa growth corridor, the Blue Dot Network etc. These things at least bring in a narrative which can at least counter BRI. Okay, so now the reference is made to the BRI. The China-Pakistan economic corridor. China is spending a lot of money in that, isn't it? Why? What is the significance of this corridor for China? China has been pumping a lot of money. It's about 60 billion dollars in China-Pakistan economic corridor. Say it has multiple aspects to it. For example, the first one would be it allows China to for its Malacca dilemma. Most of its energy comes in from the Malacca stream and the Bade Port can be an alternative to that. But it's and so second way is that it gives China an access to the Arabian sea and therefore the Middle East and therefore show its presence in this part of the area. Otherwise it hasn't been. And then it has the strategic aspects as well in the sense that... Actually the main strategic significance is the fact of the Malacca dilemma. Not only that, it cuts down the distance also. What is the length of the seapack? What is the length of the seapack? That's about 3000 kilometers to zigzag. And then if you take it to the eastern coast say another 3000. It's 6000 kilometers. While the route which they take now is almost double of that. So that's a very major area. Now India of course is not very happy with the seapack. Why is that? India has sovereignty concerns and strategic ones as well. Now we'll have greater Chinese presence in its own backyard. Now we have lodged a protest because when they started making this it was going through our area or what we claim is ours. But in the Doklam incident, we took a very very strong stand. We refused to budge, we sent it, we augmented our troops. Why is that? Said Doklam is different because over here... So India has been very vocal about it. But you're right that the responses were different. Doklam is at the tri-tension of India, Bhutan and China. Bhutan and India have the friendship treaty since 1949. And also it's close to the chicken neck. And therefore... You should bring that up first. It's not a question of friendship with Bhutan. The chicken's neck, if we had allowed them to come there it would have brought them closer to our choke point. And therefore we had to take a very very strong stand. Now when we talk of China, the other issue is the string of pearls. What is the string of pearls concept? The string of pearls is a group of islands which China has been... Islands? Not necessarily islands but for example the Hambantota, the Guada and then we have in Myanmar the Sea-Mech, Quack-Po-Po. This is the issue of Krakenan as well. So basically they're trying to establish themselves in the Indian Ocean region. Yes, that's true. Okay, thank you. You're with the Indian oil and in a permanent job and you're earning a handsome salary. Why then do you want to change and come to the civil services? My Indian oil is a great job. But there are two prime reasons for coming into civil services. One is the job satisfaction and the job diversity. I feel that Indian oil is much more respected to the innocent and I want to explore other aspects as well. Okay, do you have the qualities to make a good civil servant? I like to believe that. Let's hear some of the qualities which you have. Mom, I think I'm a good listener. Okay, so listener will help you. Brides take place and you will be listening only? Mom, I think even there it's very important to listen. Okay, what else? I'm hardworking, honest. Honest? Do you have leadership qualities? Yes, ma'am. Are you able to make decisions quickly? I like to believe that. All right. Now you've given admitt as your card of reference but it's not necessary that you would get this card. Then would you go to another card if you're given the choice? Yes ma'am, absolutely. You will work for it. All right. Now, tell me something about just mention some of the internal security problems which our countries face today. Just mention them first. Ma'am, there's a problem of extremism which is manifested in different forms. We have left-wing extremism and this religious extremism. Then I would say the border issues as well. It has internal politicians as well. And I would say even this or democracy if we see the criminalization of politics I also see it as a soft internal security issue as well. What about black money? You don't see black money as a security problem? Chair of one day? Apologies ma'am. Black money, money, long-term, etc. Okay. If I were to ask you what are the global challenges that we are faced with? Could you name a few? Challenges. Like fear the country or...? Globally, everyone's faced with the same challenge. Recently when it's been the coronavirus it's a global potential. Yes, yes, yes. Second is this growing... What the external film minister said growing inward is... What about climate change? You don't see that as a threat? Yes, definitely. So is anything been done regarding climate change? Any conferences that you are aware of? Yes ma'am. We recently had the COP25 in Madrid and we have another one lined up in Glasgow COP26. So what has been done? Ma'am, after the Paris Accord 2015... Is that intended? Yes, go ahead. So all the nations were asked to come up with their plans for 2030 and now we are trying to make a rule book as to how their missions have become. Then there's also the issue of rotating and then financing of the climate. Then there's about climate justice. So why are we so concerned about warming? Global warming? Ma'am, so global warming would mean melting of the motorized camps which would increase the sea levels. Secondly, it would also mean that so if the mountains are melting it would have direct impact on the entire ecology and ecosystem. The freshwater also? The availability of freshwater? Yes ma'am. Submergence of land and then it would even have adverse effects like has been manifested in the recent forest fires, irregular monsoons, etc. So we could be potentially looking at a six-mass extinction. Alright, thank you. What are the federal features of a constitution which are present in our constitution? What are the features which are required for a federal constitution? Sir, we have a written constitution. We have an independent judiciary. Then we have the schedule-saving which separates which has the central list and the country list. Then there's also rotating the constitution even though it's a Mexican version of that. Yes, rigidity, we stopped here. All portions of the constitution, all provisions are not rigid. There are specific provisions which are listed in article 368. What is the connecting thread? What connects all these provisions which are rigid? Since the basic structure doctrine which was founded by Dr. Sivinko. Basic structure, bars, amendments all together. Am I correct? Right sir. But I'm talking of some provisions which are rigid and can be amended not like that. You are aware of article 363. Yes sir. What are, how the constitution is amended? Right sir. The special majority in the houses. Sir, there are some things which can be revised. Which provisions are rigid? Why? Sir, if I am able to understand the question correctly. No. All these provisions which require ratification by the states. What connects those provisions? That's upon the rights of the states. Okay now, 44th amendment. Why is it important? Sir, 44th amendment was important which was it under some of the potential, some of the states which are taken in the 42nd amendment. So in that sense, it brought in stability once again to the constitutional states. Okay. Government of India in 1935. What we have got from that? Sir, it brought a lot of things. In fact, the basic skeleton is probably the Government of India Act of 1935. We have the, just for example, the schedule 7, the demarcation between the centre and the states. Then there was, we still have the post of governor who is also in the Government of India Act. Okay. Can you tell us about some of the laws that we have today to deal with corruption? Sir, there is the Prevention of Corruption Act. There is also the Money Offering Act. The ADC provides the Local Act. And then Fugitive Offenders. Now you tell us about the amendments that were introduced recently to the Presence of Corruption. I am sorry sir, I cannot recall. Okay. You are working in Indian oil. So your organisation has a lot of tendering. Correct? Yes. Tenders a lot. And the tendering is done. And items, contractors have to go to the L1 tender base. You know the L1 system? Right sir. I know it sir, but I am not sure. The low speeder. Right sir. Yes, price speed. Is this a good system? If yes, why if not? Why not? Sir, I would say it's complicated. Because it's a good system in the sense that it has, within the system it is in that probably there wouldn't be, there are not chances of favoritism to some extent. But it's not good in the sense, for example, what it would mean is that there is no lower bar. So a contractor can quote as low as he can. And then he can subject the contact labour for example to, so he can sort of reduce the money which they get. They can be extortion in that sense. You need to read up on that. There are some bars which are put over there on the lower side. Okay. It's not that far. 100 crore project has to be 10 bucks and get it. No? There are bars on that. Okay. Related to that, there was recently two days back an article that the L1 system may undergo a change. Did you read about that? I'm sorry, sir. It doesn't matter. Fake news. You're well educated. You must be on the computer all the time, right? Fake news. What's the problem? Is it prevalent in India? Is it prevalent in the world? What are we doing in India and what is the world doing about it? Very briefly. What is it firstly? So fake news, as the name suggests, is news which is not light, which is bones. So I think the problem has increased because, unlike the 1990s and the 2000s where we had the conventional newspapers and the broadcasting channels, now we have a bit of social media. And the characteristic feature of social media is that not only if everyone is sitting in the equation. My question was, that is answered, not in the second part. What are we doing about it? If it is light, what are we doing about it? Does it exist in the rest of the world? And what is the world doing about it? Three other questions in the next one minute. Sir. What are we doing about it? Sir, the government of India is collaborating with the social media companies and we are putting in these full of conduct and there's also regular monitoring, technology based and management. But it's again complicated because we have to balance the political language. It exists in the rest of the world? I'd say it does exist, in fact. What is the rest of the world doing about it? Sir, once again, we are just evolving as a, in fact, in that world it's kind of trying to solve this problem. So we have the United States as well. There was a Cambridge Analytica scandal. So we, everybody as a country, as a world needs to come together and sort of develop these guidelines. And I think it has to be acknowledged. So let's get back to it because now it's a different perspective on the same issue. You said we have to balance what we are doing with Article 19. I presume you're referring to constitutional provisions. Right? Yes. Now if you're referring to those and you're in the field as a district magistrate, social media is spreading the most fake rumors like what happened in Delhi recently, that there's trouble breaking out. And they're going to do it for an extended period of time. Like what has happened in JK? Would you as a district magistrate, if I ask you from state headquarters, should we shut down the social media platforms in your district? Would you recommend that I do it or would you match it against Article 19? If that is the right article to start with. There are other articles also. What would you as a district magistrate suggest? Sir. My thing is not for one day, it's for one month. My question to you. For one month. Sir, I would say as a district magistrate, the most responsibility is law and order. So I have to, I have to see the situation on the cloud. What would you recommend? It is already led to a few deaths. If it has led to a few deaths, you know the situation is all the time. For, at that very moment, I would, I would recommend. What happens to the need to balance? Sir, as a, you have taken, when you join service, you take an oath to the Constitution, to all the articles, all the lengthy articles. What happened to that? Even, for example, talking about article 90, article 92. No, I just asked you, your own statement that you need to balance. What happens to that in this situation? Sir, this is the situation, right to life of the Constitution. And I would say right to life takes precedence over. Sir. What are the strategic reserves? Where do they exist in India? Strategic reserves. And reserve themes of oil, which sort of store the crude oil, or the crude oil. Not necessarily, it can be... The fine oil also? They can be stored. No sir, they cannot be stored. So, where are the, how much is the capacity of our strategic reserves? Where are they located? Sir, you said I am not aware of the capacity, but I know they cannot last for very long. I think there is one located in Andhra Pradesh, but I am not... Vizak. Right sir, I think it's in Vizak, but I am not sure sir. There are more, some more are coming up there. Sir, I think there is one in Karnataka, but I am not sure sir.  No sir, I am not aware. You are aware? No sir. Then people started talking, I mean some newspapers started saying, that this is egged Far East policy, egged Far East, egged East and egged Far East. What are its relevance for us, of this egged Far East policy? Sir, so there are, I was thinking multiple dimensions to it, India is investing about one billion dollars in the Far East, and about one billion dollars. It is investing. Sir, privacy. They already invested seven billion sir. Sir, privacy. To my knowledge sir. No, your knowledge is wrong. India has extended a credit line of a credit line. It is already invested sir. So what is the importance? Sir, it has a strategic importance, it opens the... We are not coming to the point. Sir... You are connected with oil. Now you talk. I am giving you a hint. Sir, the sea liens, the distance from the Vladivostok to Chednai port. Again you haven't caught on. India has invested heavily in the oil fields of Russia, in Siberia, Sakhalin one, have you heard of it? Seven billion dollars. India is lessening its oil dependence on Middle East countries, and developing its stake here. In which companies are testing in a stake, or in which oil fields? It has bought a stake. With Rosneft. Yes, Rosneft is a company. Tell me the fields. Sakhalin one, Venkor. Venkor is handled by Rosneft. Venkor is a field. Why are sea spire violations by Pakistan taking place in Jammu and not in Kashmir? You are from Jammu? Have you ever studied this problem? Sir, I think they take place in... So I believe the idea can be that what it is last year more than 2,000 violations took place in 2019. Why all in Jammu and not in Kashmir? I am not aware of that. I think you should study it. Sure. You should ask yourself this question. There is an answer to it. What is the constitutional mischief which 42nd amendment committed? What damage it committed to our India's poverty? 42nd amendment. Sir, I believe it... Think before you answer. If you don't know it, don't worry. I will ask you more questions. Sir, I am getting confused. I think it was that there would be no restrictions on the power of the parliament. Absolutely. You got it. It established the principle of parliamentary supremacy or sovereignty and ousted the jurisdiction of the judiciary. So, which landmark judgment of the supreme court reversed this position and undid the mischief? Sir, the case was in the bad case. When did this amendment take place? It was in the Minerva Ministry. When did this amendment take place? It happened during the emergency. One or two more questions. What is our renewable energy target for 2022? Sir, we have a target of 175... Out of which 100 solar. How much solar have we reached till now? We are in 2020. How much solar have we reached? It's about 30-35. 38 or 37. At this rate, do you think we will achieve 100? No, sir. It's impossible. Now, last question. West Asia, you were asked about BLI. You were asked CPEC, etc. Right. Now, you know what China is doing in the Arabian Sea area, West Asia. What is its presence like China is doing? Sir, specifically to West Asia or in general, is the question specifically in the context of... No, no. You are raising a wrong question. Is India... you should know what are the facts. Is India also doing something of that type? Right, sir. We are doing multiple things. For example, India and Japan are collaborating with Misha Africa Growth Corridor as a counter to String of Purpose. No, you will say what specifically is on it. This Corridor, Africa, etc. it has not taken off yet. It is all on paper. Tell me what specifically we have done what we are doing. It's a very simple question. There is nothing very difficult. Sir, we have our diamond of necklaces as a counter to the String of Purpose. Have you done Chawa? Yes, sir. I would not like to quote that first of all. Sir, I would have, but... What? I would have what? So, yesterday the Supreme Leader tweeted and so we are seeing that there is a growing deterioration of the relationships between them. You are already anticipating the reach of diplomatic relations. It's not so easy. India has invested so much. Iran and India have stayed there. How can we just uproot and... but India has developed that Chawa port. Anything else India is doing in emergency? Sir, we are developing its links with countries trying to develop islands. Yes, sir. Then why don't you say... Dukapot in Oman. India is developing the Dukapot in Oman. No, sir, you are wrong. It has only got logistics facilities there. No, sir, it has been developed. Now, in two ports are being developed if you are aware. One in Mauritius, one in Asia. Now, do you know the names of those ports? Yes. Egaliga? Egaliga. You are aspiring for foreign service. International relations are yours. You must know these things. Or when we close the interview, we could have done better. Could have done better? Good. Now, you focus on this. First is you find answer to our question which we have raised. We raised about 20-25 points. Then concentrate on JNK, PSIR, electrical engineering, foreign service issues, constitutional issues and important judgments of the Supreme Court and current affairs. These are the areas where you must work. Time is very short. But whatever you can do, time, study seven, eight hours a day on these subjects one hour on each one. Then you you will have more information. So get correcting now. Okay. Sir, if you can tell me the answer to that question, why are there more scenes by violations than JNK? Violations? It was done too. It is so easy there is easier to infiltrate during summer months. Very easy, even in winter months it's easier to infiltrate. It's very difficult to infiltrate in Kashmir. Kashmir infiltration starts in summer and we are sitting on commanding heights. You know commanding heights? We are sitting on the hills whereas this fellow in Kashmir they just disappeared through the jungles. You don't need to fire at anything. You just sneak in summer months. The maximum infiltration is taking place mostly in winter here in JNK. In Jammu area. We had a tunnel and they can cause more harm to civilian population in Jammu than in Kashmir because it's all heights. Are you understanding? The LOC runs in a very different way. So this is it. It is much easier to cause damage and scare. These are the reasons. Got it? Good luck. Don't forget to like, share and subscribe to our channel and press the bell icon to never miss an update.


Welcome to Mavanalysis for Hedgehogs. Today I'm sharing my thought process while triaging files on VirusToto. One word of caution here. I'm sharing some verdicts, but those are just initial verdicts, so they're not final verdicts, so they are more like an indicator if it's worth analyzing the file in depth. For instance, if you want to hunt for new malware. If you are a Mavanalist or Mavanalist in training, you shouldn't base your final verdict just on an VirusToto report, especially not on the detection results of other intervirus vendors. Because as Mavanalists you specifically get those samples where the AV detections might be wrong, and just for that reason you shouldn't take this as a 100% final verdict when I say hey this is my verdict, this is my idea, this file is clean. So the use case, I want to hunt new malware, and is it worth looking into that? So for today's video I'm going to use the intelligence account, however most of the things we're gonna go through should be applicable as well if you have a standard VirusToto account or just no VirusToto account. So the reason I'm using this is because I need to find some samples to begin with, so let's start with that. So for that I'm gonna choose samples that are not clearly malicious, but where we have some reason for suspicion because it minimized two of the antivirus engines declared as malicious. So let's see what we get here. And we have some APKs, I don't really want to go through that. So let's start with the first one, we already see here in the overview that it is a zip archive. So I'm gonna open it in a new tab and we have two signatures that is from Kraspecki, not a virus web toolbar Babylon. So this is an indicator when it says not a virus that this is actually PAP, so potentially unwanted software that just putting some toolbar in this case which you may not want in your browser. And what I also notice is this is the very same signature name. The reason is that zone alarm is probably using Kraspecki's engine. So a lot of times certain parts of antivirus products are sold as OEM, so in this case I'm pretty sure that zone alarm is using Kraspecki's engine here. And the result is actually from just one engine and not two. Let's not look at the details, so this will confirm that it's a zip archive. We see some of the names here, nothing special. It just says it's some sort of unlocker. The relations have some interesting links, however none of these are detected as malicious. That seems to be the download location for this particular archive. I'm not sure what my live video is, so this could be just some storage application looks like it. And here because we have an archive it lists all of the files that are contained in that archive and one of the files is password.txt. So what does this tell me? It tells me that most likely the reason that there are just two detections on this archive is that this is password protected. Password protected archives are not unpacked by antivirus scanners. They would take too much time to brute force all of those archives. So it's rather interesting that Kraspecki still has a detection despite just having this as information here. So maybe they try some standard passwords, maybe it's a very easy password that Kraspecki is still able to unpack this archive and put a detection on that. So anyways my verdict is here, this is kind of suspicious but probably just pub and to know more about this we would have to unpack the archive and then scan it again. So that would be the best way of action for this particular sample. Alright so let's go to the next one and again we have something that's probably potentially unwanted software. So in this case I see INNO bundle and if we go to the details tab we see your INNO setup installer. So what does this mean? INNO setup is a legitimate application that allows you to build installers. But since we have here some detection names containing the word INNO it means that INNO setup in this case has been abused to bundle additional software. So also again we see here both of the time the same detection name between those two which is not a coincidence. So yeah in this case very likely that this is just some way where the installer of the software tricks the user into agreeing to additional software that's installed onto their system. So most of the time the way these tricks work is like they try to make it difficult for you to opt out of the installation of additional software. For instance most of the users they will just click on green next button. So you click next, next, next, next until you're done with the installation and they use this laziness and the users don't read everything and they say maybe in the text with that very convoluted text where it describes hey if you click on agree you also agree to install this additional software and then the way to uncheck this is maybe hidden and you have to scroll. So there are some like psychological tricks going on with this. So it's not that interesting I would like to go actually to the next one that's more likely malicious. So let's see this also more looks like pub. Now this is interesting because this says Trojan so let's open this one. And here what I notice is that the detection names are really generic so all of these don't tell us anything about the threat. It's more likely that such detections are false positives because they were generated by I don't know what. So none of these seem to detect a particular threat and Artemis is just actually it's from McAfee a detection module and I wonder why this is coming up with sky high. I have no idea but Artemis is just a generic detection module by McAfee and when you see that McAfee just also means it's a generic signature and Artemis to make things more difficult. Yeah. Artemis is also a malware family but yeah most of the time detection names it doesn't mean anything at all. So what we see here is Vin Ra one of the things that I noticed it was downloaded or submitted a lot. So the number of submissions is huge and this is actually uncommon for malware. So I have my doubts that this is a malware file in this case. But let's see what else we can find out. So this is Vin Ra. We see here some of the names. So here it was a temp file. I don't see anything that's very some in particular Vin Ra archival it's signed it's a valid signature from this one and nothing out of the ordinary here. Now how old is it. I usually take the first submission date as an indicator for how long this has been here also last analysis date 17 hours ago sometimes reanalyzing if this is has been like a few days old reanalyzing it makes sense maybe you get more signatures maybe we should actually do this right now and see if anything in those signatures changes. So nothing has changed unfortunately yeah but first submission date is October it has been that means it has been online for two months already. So this is very very unlikely malicious given how how widespread it is that the detection names are only generic and that's a low detection rate overall and we have a file that's rather old so with malware that old it's usually usually has a higher detection rate especially when it's been on virus total for such a long time. So it means when it has been on virus total submitted two months ago that it was shared with intervirus vendors also signed validly signed that's checked on the relations. So this is just where this file has been seen so it's been on some some interesting shares here. So it's Russian version of VINRA so now you see here execution parents where you have some of them have a high detection rate but knowing that this is just VINRA which is used to extract archives well it makes sense that some of the parents that use VINRA are malicious why not but that doesn't have any impact on the maliciousness of the file that we have here and here we have the bundled files which I find interesting in this case because it seems that the detection rate stems from this here and this but this is just the stop for creating an SFX archive and looking at that we see here a concrete malware name in jred 13 days ago it was analyzed let's reanalyze that's a very good candidate for analyzing it again well it definitely didn't get better so I still have my doubts that this is malicious but it would warrant a detailed analysis of this file in particular now the detection names are all generic except for this one but clam AV is like not the most reliable source of information when it comes to that and ECO says obfuscated batch well that's kind of weird and here we have the verdict corrupt the file is most likely not corrupt we have seen that it kind of works so it's not like it's not like we have a coherent picture here and I don't think I have my doubts that this is malicious but it definitely needs an analysis and and by the way the number of submitters is pretty pretty high I I still don't think this is malicious and anyways let's go to this one ethical encoder 10 that's a little weird the detection in the final name is pretty weird you have a rather high detection rate this is interesting open in a new tab and now this is also interesting you see here the same the very same detection name all over and the reason for that is bit defender bit defender so it's well has license for their engine and all of these products that have the very same detection name share code dot Marta also use bit defender's engine so actually what you see here one two three four five six seven eight times is just bit defender but even those products that have a they're same of us here by the way and even those products that don't use bit defender they say that something with shellcode is going on and here we see Rosena so when you check my pedia for that you will see that's also actually just shellcode so here's my pedia oh there's no description that's too bad but you see something like analysis of file is never yeah and this is also just a shell code signature crowd socials you won't see those I think if you have a free account but they hint to meters ploid and cobalt strike so or cobalt strike stager so and the malware contains configuration which belongs to meters ploid so this is quite likely malicious we see the file type is unknown and that's likely because we have just the shellcode here and that's also why the detection rate is comparably low unknown file types usually cannot be executed so checking the content and yeah that's also not available with a standard account but yeah this looks like just shellcode I'm not sure why it has a .exe extension but anyways this kind of file cannot be executed without anything else that does the execution it's likely that someone unpacked the shellcode and then uploaded it here to get some idea what this is now in the community tab you also see some reference to meter preta stager which is a part of the meter ploid stager so even though if you don't have the crowd socials section here the community messages are filled with bot comments that also tell you some of those rule matches so the verdict for me here yeah not an executable file not run over on its own because it's most likely shellcode and yeah this is most likely also malicious so I'm not gonna use this one it looks like pub again I would like to concentrate more on other files so let's look at the next one it has a pretty weird name teeth and love .exe it doesn't kind of sound like a legitimate application but it has a lot of submitters and again such a high number it's more likely to be a legitimate application than malware especially when the detection rate is at low so let's look into this one teeth and love .exe we see again detection names are just generic so it's not really likely that these are actually detecting the malware in there last analysis date three hours ago and we see our first submission has been in May so I'm pretty sure this is clean however the names look kind of weird this doesn't look legitimate does it my wife's phone the last city what's that my hot wife oh my god this is it's not looking good right it's not striking any confidence that this file is legitimate but let's go on let's see what we what it's we find here execution parents flair on dating sim now that makes me think actually so the behavior tab tells me Lipperen Python that's interesting so it's some sort of Python application but this is referencing Lipperen Python gonna go with that soon but let's check the other things in the behavior tab as well so here it says windows error reporting that means that this application crashed when it was executed in the sandbox and here also the windows error reporting for .exe has been launched to that crash that didn't work that is indicative that this file is actually used together with other pilots but simply because when you check the relations we have like a ton of different execution parents so this is probably just part of a bigger application and doesn't work on its own so with the contents they don't have the contents but there's nothing interesting either except for this the brand python here okay it's time to Google that actually so googling that I land at rent pi.org and this seems to be a visual novel engine so it's a library or framework where you can create games that kind of makes sense so here it's the quick start explain something but rent pi launcher make sure you know how the launcher works we see the very same icon that we also saw on although our application so we know yes this is being used here and now everything falls into place why because we have seen the many different names here and these are actually all just names of different games that were created with this rent pi launcher and all of these games use the launcher so I'm pretty sure that the .exe file here is actually the launcher itself and it's not actually it's containing any of the game specific things so we have so many different names because the application wants the user to click on the launcher and but that's the very same executable for every of these games so that means it's actually a clean file also given the how widespread it is and that this does only have generic malware detection names so let's try to find something malicious for the next one that's concentrate on those that have a low submitters rate so we get more likely new malware that hasn't been detected yet so the first one we see here is called not suspicious which is immediately suspicious again we see here only generic signatures none of those indicate a particular malware family and that makes it likely that these could be false positives but maybe they are also just detecting some unknown malware so far last analysis date three hours ago first submission was today so this is a very new sample and it could have that could explain a low detection rate the only name it's been known as is this one nothing out of the ordinary here you see there is there are two IPs contacted and those are the IPs so you can look them up with who is and see what you find about them now what I find very concerning is this part so it opens a file called the temp x-fill data and that sounds like this is a stealer but everything else does indeed not look that suspicious so I think this is very fishy with the x-fill data the PDB path also rather typical for malware because legitimate applications do not use default names like project one or tests or stuff like that I think this is likely malicious and if you want to find new malware this would be a good candidate to analyze this for potentially new malware let's look at the next one the next one with a low detection rate is this dn player and it's very very low however it says the signatures invalid so we have here a file that has been signed the names do not look suspicious so this is a well a deep layer 9 that seems to be legitimate application however the signature is broken so this file has been manipulated and when you want to analyze this file the thing you should concentrate on is trying to find where what has been manipulated in this file so the best way to do that is to find the original five of the very same file version which is 9062 and then compare this to this very file right here and then you might may find a malicious patch or you may find that someone just did some modifications related to cracking so we don't know yet but this could be a new malware but it's also like not the easiest thing to analyze if you want to find new malware finding the patch in a legitimate application is more tedious because those applications tend to be rather huge with a lot of code that is clean away finding the malicious code there's a little bit more difficult than with plain malware files so here we also see a file report to triage so you could check this see if anything of that is interesting as well let's go to the next one I would actually like to try this here has a weird name it's a DLL we didn't have a DLL yet I think not the virus risk to EME startup so the question is what's that and NIM now so this might be an application that's written in NIM which would fit to it being UPX packed and I want to check what this is so 40 God says it's a potentially unwanted software EME startup so it might just be pop again this is called skin sharp toolkit and the first thing we get is how to remove skin sharp toolkit so this is very very likely just pop so some application you don't want to have on your system because it's doing some risky stuff here here we also see this in the file name so some automated system uploaded this probably this also stems from an automated system so likely this is just pop the embedded URLs hint to buy do and there's no behavior because it's a DLL let's see the community it's contained in the malware bazaar collection okay and that seems that this person analyzed the file and uploaded this to malware bazaar and what we see here is a signature match on zombie boy malware so would be interesting if I were to analyze this one of the things I would do is research what is zombie boy matter see if there's any similarities to this file here and I would also check this and see if the file has been tagged with a family I guess not says family none so what we see here is some yellow signatures that match on this fire and one of them says shellcode the others are not particularly suspicious but shellcode is suspicious the problem I do have with this is that I cannot check why it matches so it could be a bad signature which happens sometimes you have bad signatures that just have a lot of false positives and we don't know if this is the case here rating a signature for shellcode okay that seems to be the rule and it's checking if any of those are at the entry point so yeah I would say like three bytes are not much but then it's specifically at the entry point I would actually check in this case what is at the entry point of this application is this shellcode or is this something else so what's at the entry point so we have here our well entry point to the analysis if you were to find out if this is malicious or not if this is just UPX I think it's probably false positives UPX entry point I mean it could be a somehow patch UPX somehow I doubt it but yeah I would look at that and if it's just a standard UPX entry point then this rule is probably not that good so next let's look at this one has an interesting name that means it has been uploaded by some sandbox system where they use the hash for the file name and here we see rather high detection rate it's also quite big and we have a signature match for exorice so this signature comes from mypedia you can look up exorice on mypedia to find out more about that but that's basically a term for ransomware that uses exor for encryption so can be different families that fall under this umbrella name we see here this is a SFX WinRAR so this is a self-extracting archive built with WinRAR and that means actually we want to unpack this archive so here we don't have any bundled files it means by the sort of doesn't unpack this but the first thing I would do with this file is unpack this and then maybe upload parts of the unpacked files to forest total as well and then see what we find the drop file our NZ brand online launcher so this could also be detected if it's some sort of crack then could be the reason it's being detected as well nothing out of the ordinary here yeah it looks like it's a game launcher which doesn't automatically mean it's clean it just means it's a game launcher most likely and yeah because this is a WinRAR SFX we won't see much checking the strings of the content because it just shows the WinRAR SFX stuff so this won't really help and here we have a collection exorist so this is in the mypedia collection for exorice it's definitely suspicious but we can't say anything because virus so does not able to unpack this raw archive and it might have better detection signatures as well if we have some parts of that unpacked and uploaded again here if you want to learn another analysis from the ground up please check the link in the video description below it contains a coupon link to my udmikros for beginners


The study investigates the expression levels of angiotensin converting enzyme 2, ACE2, in various human tissues, including the lungs, small intestine, testis, kidneys, heart, thyroid, adipose tissue, and others. ACE2 is a key receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, which causes covid on 19. The study found that ACE2 expression levels were highest in the small intestine, testis, kidneys, heart, thyroid, and adipose tissue, and lowest in the blood, spleen, bone marrow, brain, blood vessels, and muscle. ACE2 showed medium expression levels in the lungs, colon, liver, bladder, and adrenal gland. The study also found that ACE2 was not differentially expressed between males and females or between younger and older persons in any tissue. However, ACE2 expression levels were positively associated with immune signatures in both males and females in the skin, digestive system, brain, and blood vessels. In the thyroid and lungs, ACE2 expression levels were positively and negatively associated with immune signatures in males and females, respectively, and in the lungs they had a positive and negative correlation in the older and younger groups, respectively. The study provides new insights into the role of ACE2 in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may infect other tissues aside from the lungs and infect persons with different sexes, ages, and races equally.


Hello. Welcome. We are going to talk about the Batch Working Group, the CNCF Batch Working Group. Thank you all for coming. It's lovely to talk to so many people about what we're doing here. And to start, I'm Alex. I'm Alex Scammon. I work for G Research. I'm one of the chairs of this batch working group that we're going to talk about. Hello. This is Kyle from VEDA and I have several experiences about the batch system. And I use it to be the stick chair of Kubernetes and also founder of volcano. So I'm working with Alex on the CNCF batch working group right now. Yeah. And we have another chair who isn't here, but Weiwei, who currently works for Apple, but spent a lot of time working on Unicorn at Cladera. But it's not just us.  And we chat about batch systems, people from SCED MD, and you can read up there, Red Hat, IBM, Huawei, MaliCloud, ByteDance. There are lots of people involved in the conversation. And what we are setting out to do is what we set out to try and align all of these different projects that we'll talk about in a minute to see if there's any commonalities, anything that we can share together and will create protocols and standards and things that we can all share. And over the course of a year or so, we realize that we need to sort of rein in our expectations.  Because there are lots and we'll talk about them soon. Eventually what we'd like to do is broaden the discussion just from batch schedules, which we'll talk about today, to more of a system view of batch. And maybe get back to that lofty goal of aligning everybody. But we'll see. We'll start small. Yeah. And as you know, there are also another working group in Kubernetes. That's mean Kubernetes batch working group. We have lots of interaction with them. But in the CNCF working group, we'll focus around the several projects. Not only the CNCF, but also the Apache, such as the Unicorn, and also some, not all the CNCF projects, such as Instagram. We are going to provide the solution, provide suggestions across different projects. This is a bit different with the Kubernetes batch working group. But we have lots of connection and we work closely. Yeah. It's very confusing. Two groups both called batch working group. One's Kubernetes, one's us. We're all nice. And there's a question, I suppose, about why there's even a discussion about batch scheduling to take place. And the roots of the conversation are around this traditional view of Kubernetes, which is as like a place where you can run long-lived services, your web server, and things that will need to stay up forever and ever. And for people who want to do traditional HPC workloads, it's slightly different. The workloads look different in shape and in duration and in how you use your farm. And when people tried to use Kubernetes to do those things, they ran into all sorts of problems and it's been a discussion ever since about how to make Kubernetes more amenable to this kind of workload. There's also a discussion around all of the people who have been doing traditional HPC batch for 20, 30 years and they know their tools, they love their tools, and they hear about this cloud thing and they don't want to deal with it. And should we be bridging those gaps between the traditional old HPC world and where we are in cloud? So that's the sort of fundamental of this conversation. The other part of this, as I alluded to earlier, we're going to go through just schedulers today, but actually batch scheduling encompasses a lot of other pieces to make that batch workload work. And that's part of the sort of holistic thing that we need to address in Kubernetes to be able to run these workloads. So right now I'm going to give you an overview of all of the existing cloud options that you have and you will walk out of here in about two minutes understanding deeply all of the architecture. So first we have Q, there's a controller, it's just like Kubernetes, you don't have to do much else, great, that's done. Volcano, we've got a scheduler, volcano scheduler, volcano admission, we've got jobs, okay that's fine, then we've got Unicorn, okay it's using the scheduling framework, great, brilliant, you have some shims in there, got it, awesome, coordinator, I just heard about this one last week, but I deeply understand all of the infrastructure about it. Girdle, this one isn't even out yet, this just got added last night, brilliant pods I think get scheduled somewhere. MCAD, this one doesn't even show, this diagram doesn't even show that this is all about multi-cluster stuff, it gets even more complicated than this. And RunAI, if you don't even want to run your own thing, you can have RunAI, run it, brilliant, genius, let's go to Armada, this is the one that I'm affiliated with, again this is multi-cluster stuff, look at how simple that is, brilliant, genius, LSF, if you're in the traditional world, LSF scheduler, they just replaced the Kubernetes scheduler, hey Presto, you're running LSF, Sunk, kind of the same thing, you're going to run Slurm, brilliant, genius, look at that diagram, everyone gets it, right? Okay, so we've only got like 20, 25 minutes here, there's no possible way that we're going to give you an in-depth view of how all of these things work. But there is a lot of similarity between them, there are also lots of very subtle differences, which is sort of the basis of the conversation that we have every two weeks, which is just to sit down and try and puzzle out what works and what doesn't in this ecosystem. So we tried to sort of normalize the views of all of these batch schedulers. We'll start with Q, which is a native batch scheduler to Kubernetes, this is actually being driven out of our sister team, the Kubernetes batch working group, not us, which is the CNCF batch working group, but the Kubernetes batch working group has been driving this project Q, and it looks that this picture should look very familiar to you, this is like bog standard Kubernetes, it's like your control plane, your worker nodes, they talk to each other, there is a Q controller, and it will run your batch workloads, great. And the little bento box, the sushi up there, that's like this is your standard bento box thing for batch scheduling. Now we'll move to another one, which Klaus is very familiar with. I'm going to, for what you know, this is going to be our long story here. It's used to be a cool batch here, the first batch scheduler in Kubernetes, and then we obtain the scope to draw a controller, device plugin to include everything there. So it's going to be separated from Kubernetes and donate to CNCF, and apparently, what you know is incubator project in CNCF, so in the Kino, I think you'll see lots of future about volcano, and as we build the volcano based on the experience about the HPC part, and I use it to work at the platform computing, I'm not sure how many people know this company, but it's a lot, I have a lot of experience here. And the volcano can, but going to build the support batch feature in Kubernetes and integrate with the future of Kubernetes for this one, yeah. And sort of importantly for this diagram, going from Q to volcano, all we're showing here, we're boiling down, we're getting rid of a lot of complexity and just showing that essentially, we just replaced the scheduler with volcano here. That's really all that we've done. If we go to something like flux, oh, another important point there, there's still the job controller, you can still submit jobs, just like you can in Q, you see the job controller down there on the lower left. When you get to fluent, they also replace the scheduler, but you don't create through the job controller, so I've removed that. Again, just sort of showing how similar these things are at some level, but also very different. This again uses the scheduling framework to override the scheduler and replace it with flux. There's a complicated sort of history, a lineage of names here. They've changed it from flux to fluence, I believe, because it collides with the flux CD project, but this is yet another one where we just changed the scheduler out. Then we go to run.ai, which I think somebody might be here from run.ai. Wow, that's cool. So run.ai, that's interesting. I think I hear about this project from lots of customers, from we have a collaboration with run.ai. I think run.ai provides a good interface for the end-user and can also manage lots of clusters for the end-user. For my design, it's just great. It has run.ai, it can control the model cluster and provide the results to improve the results utilization for the end-user. For the multi-tenants environment, they also would like to manage the cluster and share the results between the different tenants. That's great. And again, another one that just replaces the scheduler. Again, through the scheduling framework, Unicorn, this one's from Cloudera. I don't know if we have anybody from here. They sometimes send somebody to KubeCon. But this one has some very interesting things around hierarchy of queues that you can create for some projects. That's an absolute necessity, just how you can organize your queues that relate to your organization. A lot of these also have very fancy ways of doing the scheduler. All of these so far are interested in priority fairness queues so that you can get fair use out of your farm. A lot of these, I could go through each one, but they have preemption, they have gang scheduling, all the sort of things that you would be familiar with coming from a traditional HPC universe. And a new one, again. Oh, coordinator, yeah, that's interesting. I think there are other, in the last, in the field, recently there are several requirements that we are going to support online service, sorry, online workload and offline workload together in a single cluster. So web server and batch workload, such as code transaction, code transfer, image, something like that. So we always call that calling, call location, workload call location. So because the workload has, you know, have the time-based results requirement for example, as a daytime, we are going to require results for web server. And as a night, batch workload for the big data, something like that, we are going to require more results. So a coordinator project will try to balance the results between this kind of workload and also meet the queue's requirement of both workload. This is the common requirement for the Internet company and also some other offline workload. Yeah. So all of these have been sort of focused on multi-cluster schedulers and you've seen most of them just sort of change out the scheduler. Some of them have the job API that you can still submit to or not. But the next one is MCAD and this changes how we look at it somewhat because this is aiming at multi-cluster batch scheduling so that you could batch schedule across a whole bunch of different Kubernetes clusters. So you'll see that I changed the cluster size so that the control plane is just in that control cluster and then you have target deployment clusters where you can send the jobs out to. This one has an MCAD controller that is doing the work. You, I think, submit app wrappers. They have a CRD, a special CRD to submit to Kubernetes. This is similar to the next one which is the one that I'm affiliated with, Armada. And again, this is a multi-cluster kind of an approach and here you can see that I moved some other things around where Armada isn't actually submitting to the API or using a CD. Part of the rationale here is that we wanted to avoid overloading at CD or the API server and so we actually distribute, we talk directly to the API, sorry, to the Armada API and then that distributes it out to the executor clusters that you see here. Next, oh, one little thing on multi-cluster stuff. Q that I mentioned at the beginning has just added multi-Q and it's doing multi-cluster stuff. Okay, I'm not sure anyone knows Armada. That's great, that's great. This is traditional, by the way. That's why we switched to Nagiri here. It's no longer a bento box, it's now Nagiri. Yeah, Armada is, you know, as far as Nagiri is at first generation of traditional HPCs, and for the top 500, the top 500 cluster in the world, several cluster are using RSF as batch scheduling, so this is a powerful and helpful feature. And when a few years ago, we provided a kind of solution that to integrate Kubernetes with RSF. The major purpose of this project is to leverage scheduler capability of RSF to enhance the Kubernetes part. So in this case, we can see that RSF also has the scheduler component and provides scheduler capability for the Kubernetes. And they also have some agents on the computer node because they need to have report some international data to the scheduler, and then the Kubernetes and RSF can work together for them. Yeah.  HD Condor is, I've debated about whether to put this on the slides because it has sort of the least sort of integration directly with Kubernetes. But in talking with the community, there are plenty of people who do run Condor on Kubernetes. And in general, all they do is they either helm install Condor cluster directly into a Kubernetes cluster, or they'll have endpoints, EPs running in the in a pod itself. And then just having an external Condor installation know that those pods exist, know that those EPs exist, and then direct workloads over there. So this is yet another way that people use Kubernetes to run batch workloads with a traditional scheduling. Yeah. This is a name about Serum on Kubernetes. So Serum is also another batch scheduler for the traditional HDC. And again, for the top 500 cluster, I think there are also lots of cluster using the Serum as a batch scheduler. And a bit of a bit different with the RSF with Kubernetes, I think Serum sunk support feature to launch Serum in Kubernetes cluster. And it also provides several features for the set of the main or SRE to manage the cluster. For them, it provides another scheduling and control plan and a several features by leveraging Kubernetes. Also for Kubernetes, it already supports, for example, Recovery Network Manager and Story Manager, several features for the Serum. So for the end user, they can just... What do they need in the test to submit the workload to the Serum? That's going to be made easy for the end user. And also for the operator. Yeah. Yeah, which is an interesting bridge, I think, for the traditionalists out there when I talk to a lot of people who are firmly entrenched in APC, the default is Serum and this might be a way to cross that divide. So I think we've gone through 10 or 11 different schedulers here and the point of it is, you know, as I started off by saying we didn't go into the guts of any of this. The point of going through all of these schedulers is that they're actually very similar. They're approaching this either through, you know, replacing the scheduler or having a controller. Sometimes there's a jobs API that you can submit to. Sometimes there isn't. Sometimes there's an agent on the worker node. Sometimes there isn't. There are some slight differences from this high level. And as I mentioned at the beginning, one of the things that we're trying to do is help other people know that these things exist. One of the themes that we've seen over the years is that because people didn't know that these things existed, they went out and built new ones. And we're both guilty of that and really it would be way better if we could pool our resources and not build more ones and try and work on these things together. So that's the first thing is just like, hey, these things exist. They're all actually pretty similar. So if you actually choose one, you're going to have to dive in under the hood and look at all the details. There was actually a shout out to Anish I think from Red Hat, the very last talk on batch day, AI day. There was a good comparison that they did of five of these tools that gives you a head start into what are the different things that are actually running? What are the policies? What are the controllers? So check that talk out. That goes into one level more depth than we've gone into here for half of these things. Yeah. And for the batch working rule, I think it's a good community for either for the community and for the user to provide more feedback about each project. And that's going to be a very important input to improve their feature and what's the open point and for them what's the high priority of feature and whether we have new user case for AI, for inference, for training, for distributed training, several things here. And we build this working group to get more feedback for all of the project. And when we have to share some of the things, it's going to be great for everyone. Yeah. And one of the things that we're working on sharing is adding a landscape to the landscapes of landscapes that we have in the CNCF. This isn't out yet. There's a PR discussing how exactly we want to have this look. But again, trying to be a signpost for people who are interested in batch don't know where to start. Existing projects that you should know about, please check them out. So that's the first thing that we're working on. We also have just some new entrants that we'd like to mention. Yeah. I think that they're, as mentioned, there are several new features, new project here for the coordination. I think this cover one can for features that's called location web server batch and big data, several things. And I think another interesting topic is about fan ops. I think a co-location is a sub-topic about fan ops for the mutual April, how to reduce the cost. Right. And I think there are also another project called open cost that means do more analysis. And for the crime, I think this is more about the co-location part. And for the others, for the goaler, we have more features here. And he has also working on the co-location part and also working on the Gauss-Gablin job level affinity, several features here. Yeah. And we do realize the irony in telling you all about like four new projects that have come in the last year that we've just been saying like please don't create new ones. It's just that we were too late. Like these were already going. It's fine. They got in under the wire, but no more, okay? So what's next? As I mentioned, we've got the batch landscape that we're going to publish. Hopefully people start seeing that there are options out there. We aspire to be very complicated very quickly in even just how we define what a scheduler is. Like normally, we just start talking about definitions. It's great. You should join us. But thirdly, we want to broaden the discussion as I said at the beginning to beyond just batch schedulers, there's a whole bunch of questions about how they work with workflow engines, how you work with underlying storage layers, how you work with all the distributed training frameworks that you want to use. Will we get information from DRA or the cluster inventory that can inform all of these batch schedulers that can make better choices? All of those things are part of the batch system initiative that we are talking about here. I think for the vital paper, I'd like to say that we would like to get more input from the community because I think one of the important items is about the terminology. As you know, for different project or different arrow, sometimes they introduce some interesting new terminology and that's going to be making the user confused. I think one of the important things is for the vital paper we will do explain what's the job, task what's the relationship between the task and the pod, all of these things. We will try to align and do some explaining about this term. Definitions doesn't sound scintillating terribly, but we try to make it fun. We try to spice it up. It's fun. It's not just us creating new terms. It's often also the traditional HBC crowd has their own terms of what they call a scheduler and what we call a scheduler. It's messy. So how to join us. We've been talking about this thing, getting you excited about joining our meeting. How you can actually join it. You can scan this QR code. It'll take you to some notes about how to join. The meeting invite is in this presentation. The PDF will be up a little later. It's first and third Mondays. I will have to change that. First and third Mondays of every month at 8am pacific standard time. There's also a Slack channel in the cloud native Slack. It's just hashtag batch working group. You can also reach out to any of the chairs if you have questions, how to get connected. Please do. I think that brings us to the end and if you have questions, we'd love to hear some. Yeah. Thank you. Hi. You talked about the top 500 a bit and how a lot of them use slurm, etc. How do you see the landscape in the future and do you see a high percentage of top 500 supercomputers using some of these? Or do you think the performance will stay with just the basic HPC? I don't know. What do you feel? How do you feel today? Do you feel hungry? Like the people who use traditional HPC right now, research institutions and all the entrenched in HPC will they move to cloud? I'd say I'm, I don't know, I go back and forth. Two years ago when I went to SC-22 I actually had somebody shout at me for mentioning Kubernetes. At SC-23 they seemed more amenable to the word. I think they're thawing. I think if we can pool our resources and come up with a really good answer for for batch workloads in cloud it will be really appealing even to that even to that crowd. I think there's also this sort of philosophical difference between you are in cloud and view cloud as this fungible resource that you can just burst into versus traditional HPC people who are like I have bought this billion dollar piece of hardware and I need to maximally use it all the time and that changes how you philosophically build a batch scheduler and so there's those questions to answer if we can answer them all together then there's signs that people are as I say thawing are open to being able to do both cloud and traditional APC in the same place. Some more important is that as far as I know there are also some other cases that for them or for research they try to launch cluster very quickly so they would like to use just some to launch the cluster by the Kubernetes that's going to be easy they don't care the scalability they don't care the stability several things and another thing is that for the traditional HPC there's also the case that when they leverage AI stack or AI related component scenario that's going to be considered to how to integrate the Kubernetes so I think everyone already know this years AI and Kubernetes it's going to be everywhere there so when we talking about the cluster HPC when we have some AI workload they may consider the Kubernetes part and when try to run AI workload HPC on the Kubernetes they will have a question about which project we are going to use and several features for each project with similar features such as GaN scheduling fair share queue and that's depends but there are still some some corner case meet your requirement if you have some more input we can discuss and also link with the owner of each project so we can have more discussion thanks for the great overview I had a question because you were talking about Unifine unifying some of these projects but then for example for me it was novelty because I was aware of the Kubernetes workgroup but not the CNCF so also there is there some kind of unified effort or is this really two different scopes or I mean there's two different scopes we all talk and we all like each other and we're all in league even though we've made Armada there are people on my team who contributed the queue directly and that's the project that the Kubernetes batch working group is sort of driving and sort of the main thing for them so no no we're all friends and working together yeah oh yeah hey so you already mentioned there's quite a lot of bad schedulers and kindly asked not to create more what I'm interested in is so need for computation will just grow and we see that pretty much in some places without the limits of single Kubernetes cluster I think Kubernetes multi cluster it still might not be late to standardize multi cluster in Kubernetes let's say Armada Armada has one approach how it solves multi cluster Q&M CAD use a well almost orthogonal approach how they solve multi cluster also multi cluster is being used in a couple of other Kubernetes 6 and they will solve it in some other scenarios some other approaches so what is the stance of the batch working group on multi cluster are there any efforts to at least standardize that because at least for batch scheduling later it might be easier to merge some batch schedulers into one at least if they agree on the multi cluster approach because multi cluster definitely will be the future um I mean is there a conversation to standardize I would say no um I mean it hasn't been a conversation yet all is all I think you're hinting at what I was referring to earlier about I think in reference to the first question where there's a philosophical difference between people who have on prem gear and those who are in the cloud and that informs the choices that you make for in this case multi cluster batch scheduling um so you should come and join us and you should drive that conversation I'd love it yeah that would be brilliant one one more okay so you're telling us engineers that we cannot create more batch job schedulers no more batch schedulers are we allowed to do batch schedulers or in other words is that part of the scope of the batch working group what kind of schedulers sorry? DAG schedulers so DAG schedulers yeah Jonathan no you're not allowed to build any more DAG workflow engines no no definitely not on wasm no don't do any new rust thing don't no wasn't this this is Jonathan is just trolling me here he knows that I I deploy to new creations new batch schedulers and new workflow engines I it's my pet peeve so thank you Jonathan cuing that up thank you all for for coming really appreciate you please join the conversation we would love to have you yeah thank you so much