I would now like to introduce Chris Field, our facilitator for the panel discussion. Chris is the Perry L. McCarty director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment and the Melvin and Joan Lane professor for interdisciplinary environmental studies at Stanford University. Chris will lead a conversation amongst our five speakers today. So over to you, Chris. Thank you, Sarah. And thanks to everyone, especially to Tom, David, Greg, Inej and Karen for presentations that were really information packed and super insightful. I'm going to start out with a question that puts the perspective of equity in the context of the major themes we heard from today's presentations. We heard a lot about an approach to solutions that's not top-down command and control that's really diverse and iterative based on an adaptive management. How do you think that aligns with the priority that you've already outlined for solutions that are equitable as well as resultant rapid decarbonization? How do you assure that there's some kind of alignment between the equity considerations and the decarbonization results? Yeah, that's a great question and go ahead and have a chance to because for me, I've really changed my thinking about it. I've really gone from thinking about that as a tradeoff to thinking about it as a way to broaden support for a really difficult necessarily long-lived project. And I mean, as I showed that kind of evolution of climate policy, I think in the past, I think people would have maybe thought of equity as kind of a competing goal with doing something quickly on climate change. But if we're going to be at this for the next several decades and beyond, it's got to be seen as something that benefits lots of people, not just a few. And so I think it's absolutely just crucial to the durability of the whole project. So I think it's actually been really helpful to broaden the coalition of people in support of some of these efforts and exactly the work that Inesh is talking about. Having now becoming more receptive from policymakers is a huge advantage. So I just see it as kind of key to the whole project. But let me continue to focus on this equity aspect. And I want to ask a question of Karen. You talked a lot about the availability of finance basically in the rich world. But many of the needs that are most profound are going to be in the poor world. And could you speak a little bit about the way Bank of America sees the transfer of technologies, the transfer of learning and the transfer of finance to the countries that are going to need that as this whole agenda moves forward? Yeah, I think the disproportion of capital that's available to the developed world compared to the developing world is real. And I think what you're pointing out is clear in a symmetry. But given the size of capital markets in the US and Europe and developed Asia versus the rest of the world, that is not without reason. But when you think about decarbonization, clearly carbon all gets released into the atmosphere. So this is actually a very equitable damage to everyone, but the capital available to to decarbonize is not symmetric. So what we're doing is we realized that the risk and credit considerations in those countries is clearly different, right? Financing a utility scale, wind and solar project in the US is totally different than financing something Bangladesh. Bangladesh has a lot of climate vulnerability. We have to help. So a lot of this is working. I hate this word blended finance because I think it's very cliche, but it really is a partnership with development banks, with export import banks, such that a G turbine can be brought to Bangladesh, you know, a OPEC or a DFC type of government guaranteed agency can help de-risk, you know, the first loss and then the bank or investor capital can then come on top. Without that, you won't be able to get there. You won't be able to get the banks to take the project financing on because simply doesn't fit within our Basel III framework and all the regulations we have to comply between Dodd-Frank and the Fed and FDIC and OCC and so on and so forth. So when they want us to operate in a way that has certain liquidity and capital constraints, we need those help. We need the help of, you know, essentially a risk credit enhancement, but also potentially in certain cases, corporate help in terms of people that have the incentives to use their products overseas where the Exxon Bank and other export credit agencies can come in. And we have successfully done different examples, different transactions. We just completed a water transaction and sanitation transaction in India and Africa with the Water.org organization with DFC and that's a government guaranteed agency. So we got that financed. We would have never done that at Bank of America standalone basis. So I do believe that the blended finance and the partnership structures to de-risk. Sometimes we also need technical assistance. So we do work with World Bank, for example, in certain countries, we don't have the technical expertise, but more of those partnerships. It's very, very painful and complex, but we have to be at it. We have to continue to be at it. We also work with the web and UN. So that's the only way to accomplish a little bit more symmetry in the capital deployment. Let me stick with this international theme with a question for Tom. So when you hear about the need for blended finance and the different risk tolerance of the entities that are likely to be involved in this kind of international finance, how do you see that lining up with the IEA projections? Does that introduce new challenges that wouldn't be there in the context of a developed country strategy or a direct financing strategy? Thank you, Chris. That's a fantastic opportunity for me to say that this very day, we published our latest report on financing and investment in emerging economies and developing markets. So the topic is spot-on, and our report has similar messages to those that Karen was flagging. The disjuncture between the rich world where the capital is and the cheap cost of capital for the rich world compared to the orders of magnitude, higher cost of capital in the developing world. Even before you get to the energy sector and innovative technologies, just the country risk is so vastly different. There's a huge gap there which really does need a government or a public bank to come in with blended finance to take some of that risk, whether it's exchange rate risk or other aspects of country risk. There are multiple tools out there already where that kind of blended finance can be developed, and there really is a major need for it. And yes, I mean the story is relatively simple and it comes to rich world financing, clean energy investments in the rich world. There's four trillion dollars, as we just heard, going in that direction in the developing world already. When you turn to the developing world, the risk differentials are great and the need for all sorts of different instruments has become very apparent very fast. And along the same line of the distribution of resources between developed country and developing country actors, David, you pointed out the real risk of a large flow of the current resources going into low quality nature-based offsets. What do you see as tea levers that can be deployed in order to redirect some of that finance toward the higher quality products like the end of focus of this whole workshop? Yeah, so I think there's tremendous inequality in the allocation of capital right now in the international markets and we can come up with all kinds of clever mechanisms to address them. Blended finance is the flavor of the day. Appreciate it Karen's comments about cliche here. I feel like we should have climate change bingo and we should put maybe blended finance right now should occupy the center and then change it and at some point during one of these meetings someone will yell bingo or carbon or whatever it is and they'll get a prize and we're offset maybe. Well one way to deal with this is just to get the quality control problem in the nature-based solutions under control and that requires more than third-party verification. It requires a really careful scrub of the fundamental problem around additionality. I happen to think that the problem is essentially unsolvable. Other people think the problem is solvable. We should be running experiments that are serious as opposed to having half a billion dollars of fraud flowing through the California market alone roughly maybe more. So that'll redirect some of the capital but fundamentally I think the key point is that these magical solutions that deal with the risk you know greater risk in emerging economies and so on. I just want to underscore what Tom said about the report by the way I was at the advisory committee for that report. It's a terrific report. The IEA is a really fantastic job here and it opens a whole space for looking at these kinds of questions but the mechanisms that address this problem are only as good as people believe the mechanisms are really going to work and the moment they don't believe the mechanisms are going to work then almost all the real behavior of deployment of capital and politics gets focused on gaming the mechanism as opposed to deploying the capital to emission reduction. I think right now where there's still a huge although there's a lot of trillion moving around you know trillion dollars isn't quite what it used to be but there's still you know it's still you know more money to find a catch up for a good party. It's a lot of it still is of this kind of gaming variety where it's not quite clear how much real new capital is being deployed. Karen you talk quite a lot about the the process that the bank uses in order to assess high quality products. Do you feel like you're making progress on this question of being able to identify and eliminate the lower quality and identify and invest in the higher quality products in this space? Yeah we do that for ourselves so when we think about it you know we think you know it's it's you know high quality and low quality seems very judgmental but it really is just what's more defendable and what's less defendable a reforestation on a burned down land is probably more defendable than IFM in Hawk Mountain right so we don't want to go through some of the examples but you know when you think about projects that people can argue are you going to cut that down anyway or you know so it's just we don't want to go there we'd rather pay double the price to get a sort of less debatable or more defendable offset than something that we have to sort of like answer questions right so that's how we think about it at our company but I can tell you we also have companies that come to us and that's the reality and unfortunately that is the reality and people will say I have declared my CEO has declared carbon neutrality and that's zero and the carbon emissions reduction goal by this year so I need to buy 250,000 tons at as cheaply as possible so then they're looking at landfill gas and certain IFM and they're just looking for the cheapest they can buy because those are verified right again to their point these are verified by the the top verification and certification agencies the top four it's you know it's retired on the registries you know but the quality of that to your all of your points may not be you know may not be as let's say beneficial to the environment as some of the other instruments right so I think a lot of this is you know we I actually sit on 1t.org you know on behalf of the bank and we really sort of argue in terms of USDA what's the government's role can they set up a verification or certification process from the US government such that we don't have to debate which NGO's verification methodology is is is more solid you know the true additionality I think a lot of companies just want to buy a solid product but I think the current process and the verification you know landscape as you would know is very fragmented and it takes a long time and it's very slow and so I think that's why collectively you saw 160 million tons of CO2 offsets being offered last year but if you look at how many billion tons of offsets high quality offsets to your point that need to be bought for companies to stay on this trajectory of you know decarbonization I think it's in the billions if not tens of billions so we have a massive supply and demand you know a symmetry right now because we don't have a marketplace right so we don't have a marketplace we don't have an ecosystem that's well established a lot of the efforts have been you know sort of set up to do this right Mark Carney has the task force to scale voluntary carbon but no one so far hasn't addressed the verification or certification question that make that as defendable to people like David as possible yeah and it is critically important that there be customers who care about the quality like the bank and like many of the entities you deal with let me switch gears just slightly and and ask about how to avoid investments in sort of mid-stage technologies that aren't really solving the problem and and tend to lock in future investments Greg let me turn to you on this this one about how how to think about managing the timescale in a way that the the investments that really receive the financing and receive the impetus are the ones that are you know have a chance to really be durable and and prevent us from locking in intermediate technologies that nobody's going to be satisfied with yeah oh that's a great question I mean the lock-in uh issue is an interesting one because on one hand as you say there's a danger to locking in to the wrong thing but on the other hand we all want to lock in to something that works like the what Tom was talking about cost reductions and learning curves that's lock-in and that's the best lock-in we can get because we need these things to work to demonstrate reliability to get more efficient and to get the cost down and so we want to lock into the right things and avoid locking into the wrong thing so it's really a selection issue and that is a tricky thing right now and I think I can see from Karen's comments about you know trying to really focus on the ones that are going to to work and pay off and and not being too interested in you know experimenting and spraying a lot of bets in a lot of different places and to some extent I do think we're at a pretty nascent stage unfortunately with some of these technologies and the clear pathways are not that obvious and so what can help in this situation is to support some technological diversity and it's not really probably the role for a bank to do that but it's certainly a role for the public sector to do that to maybe have some you know niche markets 45q is probably a good example of that maybe you have a higher 45q for something that's earlier stage or has more permanence associated with it or something that you know maybe won't do that well in the near term but has a longer term payoff so I think there's some ways the public sector can really make an effort to support diversity and not just in funding research and and doing early stage work but doing the mid stage which I think is what you're referring to Chris in terms of funding some demonstrations maybe some public procurement contracts and things to to get some scale on some of these technologies that are still unproven unreliable and maybe not quite at the stage at which Karen's group is ready to invest and when we when we think about the importance of diversity and especially making investments in the technologies that can scale with smaller units as as Greg has discussed Tom how do you see that fitting into the level of aspirations that we need to have in order to be in the in the universe that the IA is projected is do you see a pathway that really takes advantage of the of the the scalability of small units or do we need to also be committing to big projects I think we go for anything we possibly can given the overall scale of what's needed I think yeah I mean the example given was with solar panels I mean solar farms large ground-based farms are great and you can scale up but but there's also massive scope for rooftop solar which is a completely different finance model completely different model but it is perfectly scalable and on working with with individual houses on with with small scale and I heard the other day people even talking of the changing nature of the nuclear industry and again we thought we needed to scale up to bring costs down in nuclear industry but there's plenty of examples where scaling up scaling up has actually added costs to to large-scale nuclear plants and you get all sorts of civil engineering problems on top of the the the technology issues and the suggestion there is that scaling back on nuclear small small small and medium modules modules might actually be a more cost-effective way to develop nuclear so I think we can explore every model that might work and if it's rolled it up on small-scale versions then let's try that as well great thank you we only have time for probably one more question and I'd like everybody to weigh in on the question of finding the accelerator that that all of you spoke about at some points and Greg showed pictures of David if there if there is one key thing that needs to happen in the next few years in order for us to find this accelerator on climate action what is it well let me say something that's uncharacteristic because I there's a lot of moving parts here and we look for example what Karen's talking about where she's on the you know mainly in the debt financing side of things one needs to have at-risk equity finance you have to have at-risk public sector finance and diversity for all the reasons we're talking about here but what's happened what's really moved push the accelerator button is activism actually CEOs who and corporate and political leaders who believe that if they don't get in front of this issue that something catastrophic is going to happen to their electoral prospects or their company totally changes the risk calculation and changes the deployment capital not always for the Bastia and a lot of bogus stuff like you know somebody runs in and buys a bunch of offsets so that people will be angry at the next company and not your company I totally get that but that role here and I've been involved in some of this work including recently with some of the shareholder activities that is a different kind of incentive structure and it is not like a carbon tax but it has a much more seismic impact yeah thanks thanks so much Tom what do you think is the big thing we need the next big thing to drive us on an accelerated pathway I guess my reaction was to look at the next step after what David flagged up after you get that activism and the political momentum you then create the with a government that's motivated and with an industry that's buying into it you create a credible policy regime I mean I flagged up that when we had the jump CCS projects for 2020 that comes with the global change in incredible serious climate policy that's happened in the last few months and that once industry takes is credible and an irreversible and an accelerating policy world then Karen's risk assessment changes completely the sense of unsafe assets which are going to have a lifetime cut short by the regulatory regime or by standards or by by public pressure that changes the risk assessment and the obverse of that is that the business models of of efficiency and renewables and in clean energy tech become more understood and more more people realize that these are and and inevitability in policy and regulatory terms so they become lower risk and more investable so I think it's the credibility of the regulatory framework that will drive investor decisions and that regulatory comes from what David was talking about that the political vote space as well Karen is is there a sufficiently credible regulatory framework in place and what do we need in order to find the accelerator the regulatory framework is more developing EU and the UK right now than the US right I think the SEC and the Fed and CFTC they're all studying this right now but I do think it starts from you know the regulatory regime around ESG disclosure which carbon disclosure is a part of that and then your net zero glide path and how do you to Sarah's question how do you even verify validate your emissions and your emissions reduction path all of that is not really established and climate risk is being talked a lot but it's not just a risk equation it's obviously also a business bottom line issue so I do think that needs to converge that needs to be kind of finalized pretty soon so company can start report once you have data you can analyze and you can then you can critique but I do think also for this particular space in terms of carbon removal carbon sequestration storage to really really take off and getting that trillion of capital that we're saying that's ready to invest in the space I do think that bridge from you know what David said about VC early stage P yeah a lot of those companies are financed by that and grants right but I think a lot of that needs to bridge into potentially more bank and capital markets financing that's where 45Q plays a major major role I think the rules around 45Q can be more clarified can be less stringent you know why is only for industrial size for example so things like that can can be expanded because cannot under emphasize the the role that tax credits played for wind and solar and EV right so why shouldn't that play a major role in this space and in a YB so pure YB so restrictive essentially so I think that's that's going to be very needed so the standards of regulation convergence and clarification is needed I do think companies a lot of companies voluntarily report but the quality needs to be there but I also really think the last thing we talk about is verification or certification why leave it to the private sector to to imagine and and to have room for error the thing is investors don't have the capabilities to understand what's credible what's not credible so why not have a very robust verification process such that this is the go standard this is what people should use I think that's just too much of a cottage industry right now on the verification great thank you and that last word to Greg you're the one who introduced the concept of the accelerator and talked about operation warp speed which was primarily a government funded entity is is that the key something like that you know I think we want to get to a point where the technology is reliable the markets are credible the infrastructure is supportive and you know things that have worked to get there in the past other than just a slow incremental process that takes decades are catalytic efforts where there's something sustained for say five years it was you know solar in Germany Denmark with wind power eds in China and the offshore wind in the UK there's plenty of examples out there where you've got a bunch of efforts put together at the same time and it's catalytic because there's fertile ground the technologies there there's activism there's interests and there's capability and there's capital and so you do need this push and I think if we did something similar in many different directions under CDR for something like five years then we could really get on the pathway to you know widespread deployment and cost reductions but there's there's got to be something intentional I think a lot of it has to come from the public sector in order to get these other pieces to really engage in a big serious way that's sustained


We demystify what goes on behind the therapy room door. Join us on this voyage of discovery and co-creative conversations. This is The Therapy Show, behind closed doors podcast with Bob Cook and Jackie Jones. Welcome back to the next episode, episode 93 of The Therapy Show behind closed doors with myself, Jackie Jones and the wonderful Mr. Bob Cook. This is our episode, Bob. This is all about transactional analysis, how to use TA in the therapy process. Yeah, I thought it was important we did one because even though we allude to what we were both trained in, which was TA, to have a podcast, I think, exclusively even if it's only half an hour on TA is important because we're both transactional analysts. You know, we're both psychotherapists and the model that we're trained in is transactional analysis. So we're often called transactional analysts. And often I keep away from saying this on holiday when somebody says, what do you do? And I say, I'm a transactional analyst. They have no idea what I'm talking about. They usually say something that doesn't even come from a typing pool or something. So most people don't know what it means, but it is basically psychotherapy. It's basically around how the past effects are present, but it does have its own personality model. And I trained in, I trained for 16 or 17 years in TA. And I then went on to train in integrated psychotherapy, which has TA at its base as well. So TA is very much a model of choice for me. And there's many, many things I like about it. And of course, you've, you trained as a transactional analyst and I know it's a model you like a lot. It's my grounding for everything. I know in the last episode of the podcast, we were talking about curiosity and, you know, I'm open to all different types of psychotherapy and therapy and counselling and CBT and hypnotherapy and everything. But I always come back to TA. It's my foundation. So we both think TA and I thought, well, how should I start to talk about this podcast? And one way to look at this is you can call yourself a transactional analyst. Yeah, you've trained in the major theory of personality, which in TA is ego states. And we know about paradox child. So that's a fundamental block block that we're going to talk about. If you know about what we'll talk about later, transaction analysis, if you know about games, that's repetitive patterns. And if you know about script, you can call yourself a transactional analyst. And if you go on any TA, you know, two day course, for example, perhaps a one-on-one, it's called first prerequisites of TA, where you'll learn some of the major concepts, you'll learn those four concepts first, probably. And if you did a whole four for your training the first year would be very much about learning. Parent, adult, child, and how to use it, how to use that theory of personality, how to explain that to clients, and then games and scripts that follow from that. So it has its own theory and in many ways has its own language as well. Yeah. And it makes sense, Bob. That's the thing with me. I know I've spoke about it a lot. I'm a very logical person, but it just makes sense to me. So if you have to explain what TA then was, and I'm quite happy afterwards in two or three minutes for the people listening, how would you explain it? So if somebody said to you, well, what is transaction analysis, Jackie, you know, on holiday, and if you have to find it. People ask me that a lot. First off, I say I'm qualified in transactional analysis. I'll say I'm a transactional analysis psychotherapist. And it's a lot harder to say than what it is to do. The first thing that I always say. And then I know when they say, well, what's that? I say it's analyzing transactions. Because to me, that's the basic of it, you know, how we interact with each other and those sorts of things. And the parent, adult, and child just makes sense to me. I know I change dependent on the situation and the people that I'm with. You know, when I was doing my training, I was in child a lot of the time because the people that were training me in my eyes were very parental.  I didn't know anything and they knew everything. So that transaction was completely different to the peers in the room that I was with where we would probably, well, I would be more adult to adult. So it's exploring that connection and communication with other people. Yes, it is. I think that's analyzing transactions is probably a good way to start when people ask you what is, you know, what's the, what is transaction? Now, as you can say, well, basically, you know, trained is a psychotherapist and it's looking at analyzing transactions to aid more effective communication. Yes, yes, that's the key for what end it is. Yeah. And I think that's a lovely way to start. And, you know, I always, often, if I start that way, would also help people understand there's internal and external transactions. In other words, yes, you're correct. Analyzing transactions so we can have more effective communication. Yeah. And particularly analyzing external transactions. So I say, how are you and you say, I'm very well and I'll say back to you. Well, you haven't found me for a week, have you?  So it's when that goes wrong, though, and where communication, you know, gets blocked or communication breaks down that people come to therapy. Yeah. First of all, they try to solve it themselves. Of course, you know, for many reasons, they might not come to therapy, but they might get to a place where they get exhausted trying to resolve the communication problems or they've got to a place where they just have given up or they've got to a place where they don't know where to look next to and or they get to a place that in, you know, in relationship, these repetitive processes keep happening and communication ends up breaking down in many different forms. So a transaction analyst will, you know, analyze those external transactions just as you've said, but that, you see, I think there's another step and that is that the internal transactions, in other words, what I mean is the transactions that you speak to yourself, the narrative that you say to yourself every moment of the day from the time that you get up for the time you go to sleep, you talk to yourself. Absolutely. And those internal narratives and those internal transactions inform our external transactions. Yeah. So as well as analyzing the external transactions, we need to analyze the internal transactions which inform the external transactions to look at how communication is broken down, not only with other people, but with ourselves. Yeah. And for me, one of the things, you know, that transactional analysis has helped me is I was completely oblivious to those internal transactions and dialogues that I was having that weren't in my consciousness a lot of the time. That's right. And I think for most people, it might be the same. You know, I might see four or five assessments a day. So let's go through a few. Somebody comes in and said, I say, why have you come in? I said because I'm depressed and I can't move away from depression and I get incapacitated, I can't function very well. And therefore I can't go to work and also in relationships, you know, they're not healthy. So I need to solve my depression. Besides other things, the first thing I need to find out is what is what are the transactions or what do they say to themselves that keeps that depression going? And how come they don't say other things that will help the depression go? Usually the narrative that they are saying to themselves which causes depressions is attacking narratives.   You never get things right.  Here we are again. That's what I mean by that. They usually have, they usually very hard on themselves and they have that type of narrative in some way which keeps the person depressed. That's what I mean by looking at how the internal communication keeps the external process going. Yeah. Okay. Next person comes in. So you've talked about that.  Yeah, I'm so anxious. I spend my day worrying and excessively worrying and I want to be perfect but I can never actually get there and I worry all day and I find the anxiety creates a knitted knot in my stomach and I just have to, I have to resolve this and, you know, I'm so anxious it leaves me exhausted and I have no time for relationships. And whenever I'm in relationships I'm always worrying if I'm getting it right for the other person and therefore that leaves me in a really exhausted position and the relationship breaks down. And I must resolve this. Yeah, that's all external picture on painting. First question. And when you feel anxious, what do you say to yourself? What's the internal transactions that are going on? Usually, either way hard on themselves, they usually get into a process of overthinking. Yeah. And what I mean by overthinking is that they continually try and gain control of the situation by overthinking, over-detailing and catastrophisation, which they get caught up in, catastrophising. They're all attempts to control the relationship. At the same time, they are usually have a negative set of transactions. So a transaction analyst will be looking at how the, not only the external transactions or the bigger picture, but how the internal transactions keep this negative position going. And what they need to do not only looking at the trauma and usually the stuff underneath it, but find a way to be kind on themselves and find a way to talk differently. Yeah. So that's what I mean when I'm saying, you know, we talk about analysing transactions as a TA therapist, analysing the external and the internal. And probably, you know, Jackie, that is one of the most important things I like about TA because if we can help people have a more healthy internal transactions with themselves, rather than stuck with the negative transactions, then not only will people change, but their communication will be far more healthy. Yeah. Yeah. And it's an exploration. You know, a lot of the time new clients come to me and they kind of want answers. They want to be told what they need to do as opposed to, I don't want to say working it out themselves, but just that's not what it's about. No, it isn't. And because we got trained in TA, we're trained in a specific theory of personality, which is the idea that people are from different parts of themselves, according to different situations. And for colloquial easy language, Eric Burn who, you know, was the event of TA, talked about these three parts. One is the parental part, which we carry around. Yeah. And it's a younger self, which is our child. And one of it is adult, which is in the here and now. And it's a good model, I think, an accessible language to explain very complex phenomena in quite an easy way. And simply because everybody can identify with having parental processes, being parent, being a nurturing parent, being a judging parent, carrying internal messages in our heads, which are very similar to perhaps parents, everybody can identify with a younger part of themselves, which we can call child in this model. And everybody can understand building up a resilient adult in the here and now.  And usually when they get stuck in one part of themselves and aren't able to get access to the other parts. Yeah. And often I teach clients, by the way, what I've just said to you in two minutes, I teach in a couple of sessions or even a session. And I don't know many, if ever, clients don't identify and understand that. Yeah. And they find it very useful in a way of thinking about why they get stuck in a certain place and are very judgmental to themselves, or they still get stuck in their younger traumatic self, and they're not able then to access an adult part of themselves because they're still stuck in four or five years ago or something. People understand that. Yeah. Yeah, it is, it is very clear. And it was a big revelation to me, you know, yes, I can kind of get the parent, adult and child and how it all works and everything. But then the add on to that is that you've got your parent, adult and child as well and how they communicate with each other and, you know, the internal dialogue that you've got and I've got a completely different as far as my parents and your parents. And it's just how we all interconnects. Fascinates me. Yeah. And I think if we can think about parental messages and think about the younger self and thinking about how that might sabotage a person being in here and now and unable to perhaps get resources to access resources to be more healthy. Yeah. It's a useful way of thinking. It's a useful way to think about that the past affects the present. Yeah. The decisions we made in our younger self in response to our internal or external parents. We often carry out today, even if those decisions are still outdated. Yeah. I'm not working for us. Yeah. So analyzing external internal communications, thinking of the past affects the present, thinking of what I said, a tripartile, tripartile model or a three part model of the personality. It's a useful model, I think, the psychopath is, you know, in a, in a, in an aiding how people communicating better and understanding themselves better. Yeah. And, you know, I know you mentioned it at the beginning, but replaying patterns of behavior and habits and that sense that oh, here we go again. Do you know what I mean? In relationships, I'm never going to be in a relationship like this again. And then, you know, not that far in the distant future, we end up backing a similar relationship or in a job that we feel unfulfilled in or a hundred and one other things we replay patterns of behavior. Yeah. And probably that's one of the most important things to, you know, people to understand that unless the third is called script and TA and we develop a plan or a way of getting by in our younger self or earlier days, based on our relationship between our significant other people or lack of significant other people, family or not. Then we make decisions about ourselves and the people in the world. And that's the way that becomes a plan, the way that we see the world. And then we pick people who fit into that plan to get on by. And it's a way of surviving in the world and coping. And that's okay if nothing goes wrong, you know, if that's a good plan, not bad way to get the world. The problem comes when we move away from our parents or we grow up and we move into other relationships or other positions or, or whatever. Often the decisions we made way back in our original childhood or younger self is outdated and it needs to be updated. And so the idea of script, which is a TA policy, so a TA way of thinking of things, the idea that the script is formed earlier in childhood and we need it can often be, he's aware of coping then, but become, but may become unhealthy if we just carry that out. Then we need to help the person look at those scripts and how they may or may not be healthy now and how they can actually put a new show on the road. So I like the idea of script, I like the idea of parent-adult child and I like the way the idea of analyzing internal and external transactions. Yeah. Like the idea of what you also talked about, which is sometimes called in TA games of repetitive cycles that people get caught up with, which is part of our life plan. Yeah. Which were coping mechanisms, but don't work so well now. Yeah, the thing that fascinates me is that often with the script and the game playing, well all the time basically, is we manipulate things to get the outcome that we think we want when that outcome actually isn't any good for us and we try to avoid that outcome, but yet somehow we've initiated it and made it happen anyway. That's the bit that blows my mind with transactional analysis. Well, if it was the way that we survived and it worked in that earlier template or that earlier younger self to get by in the family of origin, we had to be that way and it worked to sort of extend that we got by or we defended against trauma or whatever it is, then why wouldn't we keep to it? Yeah. But that I can remember feeling so frustrated and oh my god, I can't believe that I'm actually perpetuating this. It's me that's doing this. It's not an outside event. It's not other people doing it to me. I'm creating this myself and then I get excuse my friends pissed off when I've created it. What's that about? We do it to keep that plan going. Yes. Yes. I would make this a good one. We do it for a sense of predictability so we know where we are and where the people are in this plan. Yeah. We do it because it gives us a sense of identity of who we are. Yeah. I understand it all now, but I can just remember when the penny dropped in my training that this is what we all do and it's like why would we do that? It's a protection mechanism. We survived and it worked 100%. Yeah. People come to you when it doesn't work so well anymore. Yeah. And they want a different outcome. Yeah. And the other thing I think with transactional analysis that I love having been a foster carer is that we can update our script. We can put another show on the road and that for me fills me with hope for people that haven't had the best start in life. Oh, yes. Absolutely. And going back to the beginning of this podcast and I really like the way you started it was analysing communications and that led me to say analysing internal transactions. Just the idea that when we get out of bed and we can feel pretty pissed off when we might even feel depressed or we can get out of bed and we're feeling anxious. We can get out of bed and feeling the world's against us. Then just the idea that we can change to another part of ourselves and talk to ourselves in a different way which has been positive means that we can change our state of being. Yeah. Do something about it so that the rest of the day is better. Yeah. And that we have a choice in that. It doesn't just happen to us. Yeah. It doesn't just happen. Yes. It has made it happen. Yeah. That's why this is why we can't resolve things in successions. We need to really understand that part in the whole place and the script that took on board which was necessary to cope XXX and we can actually do something about this and put you on the road but we need some help with it. We need somebody who will witness the journey we're going to go on to be with us and to help us in the change in a way. I don't mean in that sense of infantilising people or doing the thinking for them and all those sort of things. I mean being there in terms of support and protection and trust and authenticity and help them witness that change in the transformational journey they're going to go on. That is really, that was the word that was on the tip of my tongue is to have a witness on the truth, whatever the truth is. I think that's really, that makes me quite emotional when I think about that. Yeah. And to, I like the bit you just said there, their own truth to allow them to get to the opportunity to get to their own truth and be a witness in that whatever it is. Yeah. Yeah. And that's powerful. It's extraordinarily powerful. So I've learned many things in TA but you know, another thing I want to send is podcast. You can meet many TA therapists and they may know lots of the things we're talking about here. But, you know, you might then want to ask, well, what type of TA therapist are you? And people train in different styles and different interpretations and have different beliefs in TA, even though what I've just said, if they believe in script egos, dates, transaction analysis and games, you can call them selves a transaction analyst. But I think the style that a TA therapist comes from, hopefully, I hope that being a relational TA therapist, where you put the relationship at the heart and you put curiosity, authenticity, genuineness, being a witness, accompanying somebody on their journey, letting them have the opportunity to get their own truth, that style of relational transaction analysis is really an important one. No, I mean, you get TA therapists who may believe change happens in successions. You might get TA therapists who believe in many different types of styles of TA therapy. But I think I'd like to put relationship at the heart of TA. Yeah. In other words, relational TA or TA where relationship is an important figure. Yeah. You said the centre of it. It has to be really. Well, no, I don't suppose it does have to be, but it feels comfy that it is somehow. Yeah.  So as understanding that theory, which makes it easier as a hallmark with contracts, which I haven't talked about contractual theory. That means that you have a way of thinking. But unless you also have a way of relating, which has a sense of humanity and heart in it, then things can go very differently. Yeah.  We all bring our own uniqueness into it. So we've got our own personal style of being a transactional analysis as well. Yeah. We have our own style of being a transactional analyst. That's true. And that's something that's unique to each of us. And we make a different connection with the client. A client could see five or 10 different transactional analysis psychotherapists. And I would imagine they will each practice in a completely different way. In terms of style. Yes. Yes. The basic fundamentals are the same. Yes. Yeah. And I think that it's a good model. Yeah. It's a useful model. I mean, I do, what you used to do, I don't work clinically that much anymore. I would always teach people, I'd call it educative therapy, if you like, within the sessions. I would teach them the sort of, you know, personality model, talk about repetitive games and scripts. So we had a common language to go on this journey with. I think that's one of the things that I love about it. And to me, that is transactional analysis. But I'm not sure whether that's just because I was trained by you and you use that or whether that's standard in transactional analysis. But I love the fact that, you know, we're at the same level in the room. The clients and me, they have that information, the same as I have that information. And hopefully it makes sense to them like it makes sense to me. It's not like I've got a secret book that nobody can see inside. Yeah. I mean, if you go back to, like, if we go back to the beginning of TA and its originator, Eric Burn, he, he, he, it was very, very important to him when he created transactional analysis and all the principles we're talking about, that people came from the therapist and the client were on the same page. Because he came from a world of psychoanalysis in the, you know, 20s, 30s, 40s, where the analyst was the expert, expert interpreting, you know, what the client bought. And Eric Burn wanted a completely different picture for that. The picture you've just painted, where the clients and the therapist are on the same page, and both come from an okay position, not a one down position, one up down position. So that philosophical process of transaction analysis, I hope lies in the heart of all transactionalists. Yeah. Yeah, I hope so too. But we're not experts, we're actually with somebody to witness and how, witness their journey. Yeah. It may help them on the way and help them look at their scripts and understand themselves more and give them the tools to be different in life. And at the same time, we're both on the road of humanity. Yeah. Yeah, that's something that I say to clients in the early days, you know, is that we kind of just throw everything in the middle of the room and then we pick it up and we just get curious about it. And we explore it together. And if it's working, that's brilliant. And if it's not, then we can choose to do something different with it. And that's kind of how I see it. It's just unearthing and exploring. Yeah.  And hopefully a common language which we can both share to help understand where we're going really, if you like, in this whole process of change together. Yeah. And I love change now. I didn't used to like change. I like things to stay the same, but now I think change is empowering. And it's unfortunately, unfortunately, we change anyway, we're constantly changing and evolving, we can't stay the same. But there was a part of me that liked to keep everything the same because then it was safe. But yeah, embrace it. Change is good. Yeah. And there's some great books around. There's many, many, many, many books written on transaction analysis. So I hope perhaps the podcast listeners might hopefully through this podcast might, you know, might be sort of like, oh, well, interested in some of the things we're talking about. Yeah. Because some of them are, you know, like the ego states and the pack system, to me, that's, that's quite, it's out there. A lot of people know about that. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So there are some of it that, you know, we know about anyway. But the other, I, yeah, I'm biased, but I do, I do like it. It's my foundation for everything. Yeah. Well, good. Thank you for giving me the opportunity to talk about my craft and my first love on this podcast. And I hope some of the listeners might get enthused to think about some of the things we talked about. Yes. And feel free to ask us questions or comments or anything you can get in touch with us. Yeah, definitely. So what we're going to be looking at in the next one is the cultivation of empathy for effective therapy. Again, I think we've touched on this in the past. But it is one of the key things that we need as a psychotherapist, I think. Well, without it would be a bit lost, I think. Yeah. Because we wouldn't, we wouldn't be able to reach our clients. Yeah. So it deserves a podcast on its own. It does. It does. Okie dokie. So until next time, Bob. Look forward to speaking to you. Have a good week. And you. Bye-bye. Bye-bye.


Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's CaseRace.com coming at you with R&B number one, random number block number one, for one spot in the football mixer. So I think some of you have seen this before in previous large mixers. Basically, random number block one will be on the list of names, on the list of names, and then it'll get randomized a team. So if it lands on the Broncos, for example, right? So the Broncos will be a number blocks team, basically. So if we hit a five out of 20, Jerry Judy, who's in the news for not good reasons, whoever has number five in the number block will get that card. And it's just our usual random number block spot, right? I think you saw, we just did a break. So if you land on five, you'll get five out of whatever, 15 out of whatever, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. All non-numbered cards will be randomized as one lot to one person in the random number block. That'll be in a separate list. Also, there is a possibility there'll be non-numbered hits. Those will be randomized separately. This is how we're gonna do it. If this spot ends up winning a Wax Party promo spot, we'll take all the 10 names and randomize them. And the top name will get a promo entry. There'll be potentially three different randomizers right here for that. All right, so basically it's a random number block for a team. There's everybody right here. Thank you for giving this a go. So basically you're splitting a spot. There are the numbers right there. And let's do it. Let's roll it, randomize it. Five into five, 10 the hard way for names and numbers. One, two, three, four, and five. Six, seven, eight, nine, 10. And 10th and final time. Five into five, 10 the hard way. We got David down to David. Sorry, I put it on mute. Had to adjust the microphone. All right, five into five, 10 times for the numbers. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, and 10th and final time. After 10 we got nine down to one. And we do have another number block loaded up for the football mixer as well. All right, so David with nine, Riley with four, David with zero, so you'll get any and all redemptions for the team that gets randomized to this group. Adam with two, Terry with six, Josh with seven, Chris with five, David with eight, Adam with three, and David with one. Now I was gonna say that zero gets any and all redemptions, including one of one redemptions as stated in the description, but David's got one, so his bases are covered there. There you go gang, let's order these numerically. Let's keep chipping away at all of those football mixer fillers, cause then we could end up knocking out that wax party promo. Someone's gonna win a case of NT basketball. So check out the details on jasby'scasewrakes.com. I'm Joe, I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye bye.


See my chichu seizing bank accounts is a form of censorship. It is financial censorship barring people from commerce Yeah, it's insane gang. By the way like if you live in a country Where the government can and this is personal finance advice How to be anti fragile and make sure you you can you can weather the storm if you live in a country where a government Can seize your bank account without due process just with a phone call Right, and it's not just the just the government because the government told the banks. These are the people that they want Their bank accounts to be frozen and without a court order the banks did it All right, that's full-on fascism merger of corporation and government together, right? So the banks should be how liable for what has taken place But that's gonna take a long time to play out It doesn't pay to rent for the single mom, right? That is working minimum wage that is going to become homeless like just imagine the Canadian government in collaboration with the banks, right? Two of the most powerful institutions in our country, right? Like unbelievable They're making single moms That are working minimum wage They're seizing their bank accounts and they're making them homeless, right? And this is gonna happen to thousands tens of thousands of Canadians by the way Tens of thousands of Canadians Businesses are being shut down because their bank accounts have been frozen my god. Okay, so if you live in that type of country We do in Canada You need to pull your money out. I've been recommending family to do this You go to your bank Pull out money in cash. Pull out money in Canadian dollars and US dollars Make sure you have enough funds to pay your way for at least six months to a year, right? Store it Safety deposit box go into the forest and find a rock and put it under it safer placed in the bank, right? Safer is placed in the bank.  Okay It's insane and I have no idea why People The whole population does not question what is happening, right? One of the reasons they don't is because there's a merger of Media and government as well, right corporate media government as well So they're parroting the thing but anyone that has any sense economic sense any sense of how commerce is done a calm economy functions, right Understand that this is a death blow to an economy to a country That's as an individual that lives in that country, right? If you're a foreign investor and you have assets money in the bank Businesses you own in this in a country that has gone full-on totalitarian Fascist that is that is seizing bank accounts.   What are you? What? Why would any foreign investor put their money in Canada, right? Why? You have to be one dumb SOB to do it man unless Unless you're you know from the World Economic Forum and you just Control the government, right? Occupied territory That's my take. It's you know I'm hoping walls don't go up once the economy really Grives to a halt and basically becomes 90% government GDP is 90% government. Just imagine


It ain't May 40 here So have you read that? Last of Tom Wolf's novels back to blood it said in Miami. It's about immigration and one of the main characters is a news reporter for Miami Herald John Smith and Tom Wolf writes about the type of people who become news reporters He says news reporters are created at age six when they first go to school and this rings true to me in In the schoolyard boys immediately divide into two types immediately There are those who have the will to be daring and dominate and those who don't have it Those who don't like the journalist John Smith here spent half their early years trying to work out a Modest with Andy with those who do and anything short of subservience will be okay There are boys from the weaker side of the divide who grew up with the same dreams as the stronger And the boys standing before me John Smith is one of them these weak boys to dream of power money fame and beautiful lovers The boys like this grew up Instinctively realizing that language Is a sword or a gun? So I remember in second grade. That's why I entered school second grade I read a poem and like suddenly people around me were affected by is like whoa, I can write things that affect people and I realized schoolfully that language has the power to achieve things Well, maybe not so much to achieve things is to tear things down including people Including the boys who come out on the strong side of the dividing line. That's what liberals are theology economic social justice There's a nothing but their prom outfits their politics were set for life in the schoolyard at age six They were the weak and forever after they resented the strong. That's why so many journalists are liberals and then Noah Smith confirms this view he's an economics columnist for Bloomberg and He tweets getting picked down by red nicks as a kid sucked Yeah, I got picked down a little bit at school, but I didn't enter a public school till 10th grade So there wasn't wasn't so much bullying in the private schools. I went to So what did liberal gen X's and Millennials do we moved out? We didn't stay and work to build a real nation out of the people who gave us a hard time We got college degrees allowed us to escape to better places So a little overview of the type of people who become journalists and then interesting op-ed in The Guardian today It's an excerpt from a new book That's called the art of thinking clearly better thinking better decisions by Rolf dobelli He says news is bad for you and giving up reading it will make you happier So you've heard of the term evolutionary mismatch So we were we did not evolve in circumstances where there are there are supermarkets around like we evolved Where food was scarce and so that when you could get food you ate food now we live with an abundance of food and so our Evolutionary tendencies to see food eat food consume food, you know stuff food down because we never know where a food will come next and to you know consume food with Carbohydrates and you know things that excite our taste buds just eat as much as we want Obviously, that's not so good for us now But the news told me that everyone should get vaxed or they're bad people Isn't that good for me? interesting maybe I do think that every pretty much everyone should get vaccinated and That's that's my thought but I don't really know enough to to get all self-righteous about so this essay says news is bad for your health So maybe it's an evolutionary mismatch like the the vast abundance of you know cheap carbs and junk food and how it Just excites our taste buds, but it's really bad for us so and Then maybe like the serotonin hits that we get when we check Twitter or social media Maybe that's that's bad for us too or picking up our phones. So I Think I pick up my phone about 40 times a day Based I respect the acknowledgement of relative ignorance So it news is bad for your health it leads to fear and aggression and Hinders your creativity and your ability to think deeply the solution top stop consuming it altogether So I admit that some of the time I think you know what the hell am I doing here? I'm not I'm not saying anything that that People can't get elsewhere. I'm wasting my time and then I got a comment on it just a throwaway video I think I made on Friday I think I just made a five minute video less than five minutes on the advantages Just trying to understand how the world works versus being in a state of judgment And they're absolutely times of being in a state of judgment. It is inescapable We can't help judging right that is inherent to who we are as human beings But it's all about the percentages Do you walk around outraged and and judging? 90% of the time do you walk around outraged and judging, you know, maybe 5% of the time? So I think I've shifted over the past year or two or three into spending more time just trying to understand how the world works Trying to understand how power works understand why people act the way they do why people think the way they do rather than trying to Be an activist Negative self-talk about what you're not good enough is the root of paralysis and demotivation well, I Didn't earlier video about the the benefits of depression and I don't think I'm depressed But I just realized I was expending a lot of energy in a way that wasn't productive on my like three-hour daily Livestreams and so it took a step back. I'm just I'm no longer making that expenditure and I'm doing many fewer streams briefest dreams and Just just thinking about what will be my my path ahead So recognizing what's not working. I think it's valuable and also recognizing what your strengths are and what your weaknesses are and coming to terms with endeavors that are not productive and And taking a pause from endeavors that are not productive to maybe direct yourself in a more productive way I think is is useful. So I got a comment yesterday that that really moved me from the reasonable and responsible guy so he's a heredity Jew on the East Coast and He said about my understanding versus judgment stream You have influenced my thinking and behavior toward more trying to understand and accept reality as it is or trying to learn and to understand others thinking and perspective and Less lecturing less preaching less presuming to judge Nearly seeking to have my views and biases confirmed and corroborated. It is a constant challenge. Wow. So I did this like four-minute Stream on understanding versus judgment and these one person seems to have been positively affected by this stream of my thinking and Party but says we missed the full Monty 40 university stream Perhaps a weekly traditional show could keep the community and fan base engaged We sit in anticipation could so eagerly awaiting the supreme analysis of moral leader So I'm sure I'll do some longer streams in the future. I just don't have to rush into it right now No one streams Tucker Carlson monologues better than Luke Ford so this is a Yeah, negative self-talk about why you're not good enough is the root of paralysis and demotivation that's interesting So I think what you're referring to here is this this underlying feeling of lack of self-worth But recognizing your limitations and what you're not good at and recognizing what you you are good at I think is wisdom, but say the feeling that you're unworthy to share your views on YouTube or thinking that you're you know, unworthy of having a larger life or a more prosperous life or the not worthy of You're going out and being social and making friends. Yeah, I think obviously that's The root of paralysis and demotivation, but I think there's really adaptive time for paralysis and demotivation I think there are times when we should stop exerting ourselves stop pursuing things and just be paralyzed and just think and Just let go of motivation get into paralysis and just think about the new ways that you want to exert yourself and Think through what would be the implications if I exert myself in this way with this negatively affect other areas of my life So, yeah, I think there's a time for sadness. There's a time for introspection and there's a time for not taking action I think a young person is better served by irrational exuberance than awareness of their limitations. I In some cases, yes in some cases no, so I'm not sure I'm Think I'm 50-50 on that certainly don't do anything that could have serious long-term negative consequences for you Like jumping off a bridge from a great height So news is bad for your health as a guardian leads to fear and aggression Hinders your creativity and your ability to think deeply the solution stop consuming it all together and Ironwood says incoming hurricane will not hit me because I do not watch the news So this is an essay in the Guardian so good on the Guardian for publishing this past few decade Decades the fortunate among us have recognized this hazards of living with an overabundance of food obesity diabetes We have started to change our diets. Yeah, this is a product of evolutionary mismatch But most of us do not yet understand that news is to the mind what sugar is to the body So, yeah, I'm struck by the number of smart people who tell me they can no longer concentrate on reading a book Because their mind has been programmed from social media to just get things in bite-sized doses and Because I continue to enjoy reading books This isn't my experience, but I'm surprised how many people tell me they can no longer read books The news is easy to digest. I remember on my journalistic training. We were taught to Present the news as if to an eighth grader to a typical eighth grader That's kind of the level that you're you're aiming at so the news media feeds a small bites of trivial matter true tidbits that don't really concern our lives and don't require thinking generally true and Ricardo says I can't wait for the paragraph where right wing news is more harmful than normal news. Well, you can you can Know that there is no such paragraph in this essay So the media feeds a small bites of trivial matter tidbits that don't concern our lives and don't require thinking That's why we experience no saturation. That's a good point So you can eat carbs and not be full but if you eat a steak you'll feel full if you eat meat You feel full if you eat food that's heavy and fat and protein generally speaking you'll feel full So I think news generally speaking is like cheap carbs and a book is like eating a steak So unlike reading books and long magazine articles which require thinking We can swallow limitless quantities of news flashes, which are bright colored candies for the mind I think there's something to that Today we have reached the same point in relation to information that we faced 20 years ago in regard to food You're beginning to Recognize how toxic news can be If you eat properly cooked lentils, you will not be full So I grew up on lentils.  I'm a self-hating vegetarian news misleads and So this is an example borrowed from Nicholas Nassim to lead a car drives over a bridge and the bridge collapses But what does the news focus on it focuses on the car and the person in the car where he came from where he planned to go How he experienced the crash if he survived, but that's not particularly important What's what's relevant is the structural stability of the bridge? Right. That's the underlying risk that has been lurking There and in other bridges, but the car falling off the bridge. That is flashy. That is dramatic It's a person so it's not abstract and it's news. It's cheap to produce So need news leads us to walk around with this completely wrong risk map in our heads Terrorism is overrated as a there's a threat to your life Chronic stress is probably underrated the collapse of Lehman brothers is overrated fiscal Irresponsibility is underrated astronauts are overrated nurses are underrated so We're not rational enough to be exposed to the news watching an airplane crash on TV is going to change your attitude toward that risk regardless of its real Probability if you think you can compensate with the strength of your own inner contemplation You are wrong bankers and economists have powerful incentives to compensate for news hazards have shown that they cannot So the only solution cut yourself off from news consumption entirely Wow so every day I start off with the dredge report and then go to the LA Times then the New York Times and the Washington Post and Steve Saylor than the Wall Street Journal And they also read the website outside the Beltway several times a week News is irrelevant out of the approximately 10,000 news stories you've read in the last 12 months name one That allowed you to make a better decision about a serious matter affecting your life your career or your business I think this is overstated. I think I frequently find Insightful articles that enable me to make Better decisions. Yeah, I need to learn to eat meat. That's a failing the consumption of news is irrelevant to your life But people find it difficult to recognize what's relevant It's much easier to recognize what's new the relevant versus the new is the fundamental battle of our current age Media organizations want you to believe that news offers you some sort of competitive advantage. That's true They do program like get informed so you make better decisions Many people fall for that. We're anxious when we're cut off from the news In reality news consumption places us at a complete Competitive disadvantage the less news you consume the bigger advantage you have I think there's a dramatic difference between watching news on TV We're just getting news on Facebook or Twitter versus reading like the articles So if more information leads to higher economic success, we would expect journalists to be at the top of the pyramid I think there's a fallacy there. So Just because journalists Producing news and news Create create some sort of advantage. It doesn't mean the people who create the advantage You're going to be at the top of the pyramid News is toxic to your body It constantly triggers the limbic system. So panicky stories spur the release of cortisol. That's the stress hormone This deregulates your immune system and inhibits the release of growth hormones So your body finds itself in a state of chronic stress when you follow the news so high Cortisol levels cause impaired digestion lack of growth cell hair bone No, this nurse and susceptibility to infection and other side effects include fear aggression tunnel vision and desensitization News increases cognitive errors news feeds the mother of all cognitive errors confirmation bias So what the human being does best as Warren Buffett is interpreting all new information So that prior conclusion remains intact. I just heard that know if it's true But 80% of reality we either distort or ignore so that we can continue feeling safe So news exacerbates our tendency towards confirmation bias we become prone to overconfidence.   He made the point that everyone studying these These these matters about vegetarianism that they usually have a bias towards vegetarianism and so he pointed out the cognitive and health Problems with being vegetarian. So I read that from Coffness Shortly after I read his critique of Kevin McDonald's work. So that's that started me thinking. Hey being vegetarian is not so healthy so for years For years people told me you should eat me like that's where you got chronic fatigue syndrome I just ignored them just ignored them and now Now I'm realizing that they're right And News inhibits thinking thinking requires concentration concentration requires uninterrupted time news is designed to interrupt you News stories like viruses that steal attention for their own purposes news makes us shallow thinkers news severely affects the memory So there are two types of memory long-term memory And our capacity for that is nearly infinite working memory is limited to a certain amount of slippery data The path from short-term to long-term memory is a choke point in the brain Anything you want to understand must pass through that choke point If this passageway is disrupted nothing gets through because news disrupts concentration it weakens comprehension Online news has an even worse impact and comprehension declines as the number of hyperlinks in a story increases Because whenever a hyperlink appears your brain has to make the choice not to click which is in itself distracting So news is an intentional interruption system News works like a drug. I know this if I start watching a little bit of a game It becomes really important to me to know how the game turns out. So it was news stories developed We want to know how they continue. We've got hundreds of arbitrary Stories in our head. So this craving becomes increasingly compelling and hard to ignore here if I start watching a game I have to know how it turned out and It's hard to stop watching it so The more news we consume the more we exercise The neural circuits in our brain devoted to skimming and to multitasking While we ignore those neural circuits used for reading deeply thinking deeply with profound focus So most news consumers even if they used to be avid book readers have lost the ability to absorb lengthy articles or books After four or five pages they get tired. They're concentration vanishes. They become restless It's not because they're old because their schedules have become more demanding It's because the physical structure of their brains has changed everything we do affects the structure of our brains So neurons that wire together fire together News waste time. So if you spend say an hour a day Watching the news that's half a day a week wasted news makes us passive news stories are overwhelmingly about things that we cannot influence The daily repetition about things we can't act upon makes us passive It grinds us down until we accept a worldview that is pessimistic desensitized sarcastic and fatalistic Scientific term is learned hopelessness So maybe news consumption is contributed to depression and news kills creativity All right, people tend to produce the most creative works at a young age When their brains enjoy a wide uninhabited space that emboldens them to come up with novel ideas Don't know a single truly creative mind who is a news junkie not a writer not a composer not a mathematician a doctor a scientist Musician designer architect or painter, but I do know a bunch of viciously uncreative minds who consume news like drugs You want to come up with old solutions read the news if you're looking for new solutions don't Bye. Bye


The Cavalcade of America, sponsored by the DuPont Company, maker of better things for better living, through chemistry, presents Alfred Lundt as Dr. Norris. Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. This is the Cavalcade of America, sponsored by the DuPont Company. Tonight with Alfred Lundt as our star, Cavalcade presents a new radio play based on the forthcoming biography Dr. Bethune by Ted Allen. Later in this broadcast, dedicated to the Red Cross, you will hear the Surgeon General of the United States Army, Major General James Carmighi, who will speak from Washington, D.C. DuPont has good reason to know and admire the splendid work done by men and women of mercy and medicine, people like Dr. Bethune, whose story you'll hear on tonight's Cavalcade, because DuPont, along with other chemical manufacturers, works side-by-side with the medical profession. From chemistry come many new drugs, like the sulfur compounds that are saving so many soldiers' lives in this war. Even a peacetime achievement like nylon is called up for military service. Most people have heard of nylon parachutes, but not so many know that nylon is being used today by surgeons in place of silk and gut. Army and Navy doctors are sewing up wounds with nylon sutures that are stronger and less irritating to the body tissues. This is only one example of chemistry working hand-in-hand with medical science. When this war is over, nylon sutures, along with cellophane protective wraps for surgical bandages and dressings, surgical gloves of neoprene chemical rubber, these and many other products of chemistry will continue their service as DuPont better things for better living through chemistry. And now tonight's drama, written especially for the Cavalcade of America by Robert Tolman. It is called... Life Tide. Listen, that sound is the first and last sound in your memory. It is the pulsating of a human heart. In it like the tides of the sea, the life blood of all humanity ebbs and flows. Remember that sound. Deep in the blood, let it be remembered as we bring you this chronicle of a man of our time who touched the fountain head of that most ancient and sacred of human mysteries. Blood of the living and blood of the fallen inseparably fused in his legacy to us, the blood bank, center and circumference of that mysterious ebb and flow, that life tide of the human race. In this Red Cross Month of 1943, the DuPont Company presents Alfred Lunt as Dr. Norman Bethune in Life Tide on the Cavalcade of America. Life Tide. Sometimes it is a fevered and irregular pulse. Life Tide of a man rested on hospital bed. One of four men. A New Englander, a Southerner, Canadian, a Chinese. All doctors. All dying of the same disease. Tuberculosis. Norman Bethune was the Canadian. Well, gentlemen, how about it? We're all doctors. What's the prognosis? How and when shall we die? How about you, Fisher? Well, this is the summer of 1926. I shall probably drop dead in Boston in the winter of 1934 while writing a prescription for a man who's nervous in digestion. Len, I shall die in China. China will be fighting for her life. I hope I will die fighting for her. And you, Bethune? Well, as for me, I've done all I'm likely to. Loved a beautiful woman, made her my wife. Wanted a career in surgery and did better than I expected. I won't stay here, but I won't go back to that life. I'll probably die out west somewhere, too sound likely, let's say, 1932. And I shan't be sorry to go. Everything from now on would be an anti-climax anyway. Lifetide. The pulse quickens, but the pace is more even. This is the pulse of sudden resolution. Death tugs at him. But in a moment, the tide will turn and flow. Resolution. I want. I want. He did not even know what it was he wanted. Maybe I could write a poem, paint a picture, something like that. I've got to do something before I go out. I've got to. But these things take time. Somehow, anyhow, time to accomplish something. He rises from sick bed, dresses himself, straw hat at rakeish angle, walks over to the main building of the sanitarium. I apologize to you gentlemen for interrupting what is undoubtedly a very important staff meeting, but I have come to the conclusion that you're wasting your time and mine. Wasting time? I've decided to appoint myself the doctor in charge of this case. That is your privilege, Dr. Matthew. Furthermore, I ask your permission to perform a surgical operation on myself. I will require at least one assistant in full equipment for artificial pneumothorax. Well, gentlemen, we've had bad results with that operation, Dr. Matthew. And as for your idea of pissing through your own chest cavity, what's the difference whether it's mine or somebody else's? Well, gentlemen, Dr. Matthew knows the dangers involved in this operation as well as we do. If he is willing to undertake it entirely at his own risk. Gentlemen, I am not only willing, I welcome the risk. Life tied. The blood course is strong and exultant. His health improved by his own skillful surgery. Norman Bethune has emerged from the shadows. He is a chief surgeon of Sacred Heart Hospital now in Montreal. Depression years.  So many needing him. Doctor, tell me there is a chance for my little girl. Already we have lost one and now the doctor at the clinic, he says I can never have another. I see. Well, there's one thing we could try. It's never been done in this country, certainly never on a child of ten, but we could try. Please try, doctor. Please do. We will have to remove one of her lungs altogether. It's a very unusual and dangerous operation. I must warn you in advance. How much will it cost, doctor?  Nurse. Yes, doctor. Silver clips quickly, small gauze. Here, doctor. Read the blood pressure. It's fallen another ten points. Pulse. Well? Thirty-two. That settles. I can't go on. Get the patient ready for a transfusion. But, doctor. Hurry up. We've no time to lose. But, doctor, I should have told you. We sent out an emergency call for donors that couldn't find any of the right blood type. You mean to tell me I'm going to lose a patient because some fool couldn't arrange a simple transfusion? After all, there's no way to force people to volunteer as blood donors, Dr. Bethel. I suppose not. Someone else should have finished this job. I've got type zero blood. Nurse. Yes, doctor? Get a sterile container. We'll take a liter of my blood and transfuse it into the patient while it's still warm. Doctor, I... Yes? What is it? Of course it's not my place to say so, but isn't it possible you'll be too weak to go on? Of course it's possible. In matters of life and death, there are always two possibilities. Pulse is nearly normal now, doctor. Good. Hooks, please. Retractors. Dr. Bethel, let me... It's all right, nurse. I'll be steady enough when the real job begins. Did you have fun there, Beth? The doctor brought in Beth. Little girl I ever saw. Is she yours, ma'am, sir? No, no, she's yours, Beth. Now take good care of her. She just came out of the hospital herself. My child as well. It was a very beautiful operation. I felt very happy doing it. Yes. I'll sleep tonight. Life tied. Sometimes it is a fanatic pulse. The heartbeat of a fear-crazed animal. Heartbeat of a mob. Bethune did not sleep that night. But that night in October 1935, the streets of Montreal, men with swastika arm bands, surged in the vanguard of a mob of hoodlums. Shock winners were broken. Innocent people set upon and beaten. That night Bethune witnessed the first blow by the Nazi fifth column to North America. Let's the old you swing him up. Well, please, my father has done nothing. Why don't you let us alone? Keep quiet, Jewish. We'll give you some of the same. He's old as hard as weak. He can't stand it. All right, then. Let him off easy. Only 10 licks with a rubber hose. Oh, no! They can stand at his feet. What's going on here? What are you doing to this man? Who are you? Bethune's my name. I'm a doctor. Aryan or non-Aryan. I come from a race you wouldn't understand. I'm a Scot. We're violent and unstable.   Lifetide, a mounting pulse of anger, tidal wave crashing over the breakwater. I tell you, the sickness of the world isn't in these hospital wards. It's out there in the streets.  Blood. That's what gives life and that's what they hate. They've smelled blood now and they'll not stop till they've spilled plenty of it. We must fight them wherever they strike. They struck in Spain. And Norman Bethune went there to fight as a doctor. Found Madrid in ruins. Ambulance is needed at once, desperately. He drove back to Paris to see what he could be done. Ambulance has cost money, too much money. Maybe his friends at home could help. They did. Ambulance makes pretty good time for a jalapé. Yeah. We should be in Madrid before dark. Yeah. Would you mind drawing up here a minute? I'd like to get a picture of that old man with a donkey. Okay. Now, make it snappy, will you? I get nervous on this road. This won't take a minute. Un momentito, por favor. Tengo que pasar, voy rápido. Yo me muero. That's funny, it wouldn't stop. No, get in. Let's get going. Wait a minute. Listen. Planes. German dive bombs. Now, what are they up to? There's no military or any other kind of target around here? Something in the valley over there. Come on, let's have a look. Oh, good God. I didn't see it with my own eyes, Beth, you know. Never believe it. Children with bloodstained rags wrapped around their arms and legs. Children without shoes, their feet swollen to twice their size, crying hopelessly from pain, hunger and fatigue. 200 kilometers of misery. We moved as many as we could. We might have spared ourselves the anguish. Most of them were bombed in Almeria again that night. We worked as long as we could by the orange glare of the burning buildings. In the darkness, the moans of the wounded children, the agonized mothers and the cursing of the men rose higher and higher in a pitch of intolerable intensity. One's body felt as heavy as the dead themselves, but empty and hollow. And in one's brain, burned a bright flame of hate for the enemy that had done this thing. You are listening to Alfred Lunt as Dr. Norman Bethune, pioneer of the blood bank in Lifetide, an original radio play on the cavalcade of America sponsored by the DuPont Company. Lifetide, almost motionless sometimes before its turning. War in Spain, 1937. Between offensives, Norman Bethune is preparing glass jars of precious blood plasma to be moved up to the sectors where the attack is to take place. Bethune and an elderly Spanish doctor have worked far into the night. They work in silence until... Idiot, look what you've done. Don't you know how valuable that stuff is? I... I am sorry, doctor. Dr. Bethune, he did not wish to do this. You are being unkind. I know what I want to say to him. I am sorry, Dr. Bethune. Since I am no good here, I will go and join my brothers on the battlefield. I have no bitterness, doctor. I am grateful for what you are doing for Spain. Goodbye. Yes, Dr. Bethune. Go after him. Tell him I apologize for my stupid, ill-tempered remarks.  I'm trying to blame my own failure on somebody else. Failure, doctor? I know I'm not doing this job properly. We ought to be sending blood right up to the front in refrigerated containers, but we haven't enough plasma on hand. I've been afraid to risk it out there in the line of fire.  You shall have all you need. It's a success, my blood bank. Being able to transfuse casualties in the front lines has saved a great many lives. I know now that the final battle will never be lost. Blood of the living will sustain the fallen and it will be given freely and with love. This thought is with me as I leave for China. Friends and comrades of China, hundreds of your soldiers have fallen fighting for you. They will live to fight again if you will do one thing for them.  No, no, no, it will not hurt you. In fact, it will make you feel good. I've given a whole liter without ill effects. Now, who will be the first to volunteer? I'm afraid it's hopeless, doctor. Well, what's the matter? Didn't they understand what I was saying? Yes, they understood. They are afraid to give their blood. It seems strange to you, I know. They are not afraid to die, but they are afraid to give blood. Bring one of the patients up here. The worst one. Go ahead, orderly. You heard what the doctor said. Yes, commandant. I go to Obey. Nurse, hand me that alcohol and sterile needle. Here, doctor. Careful. I'll set you down gently. Good. Now then, nurse, help me here, will you? You are going to transfuse the patients yourself, doctor? Yes, all of them, if necessary. A woman, Bethune, lay down beside the dying Chinese soldier. And the life tide began to flow from his veins into the wounded man's body. A little circle of peasants watched in dismay. Then they witnessed a miracle. The man they thought dead moved. Sat up. What happened? I'm home again. These are the people of my village.  What kind of people are you anyway? Now look, he lives. Orderly, bring up another of the wounded men. Take this one. I am very old and maybe blood is dried up in my veins, but I would like to give it for a soldier if you think it is good enough. No, no. Do not put women's blood in a soldier. Let me. I am strong. Let me. I want to give. Take care. Three o'clock in the morning, December, North China, near Linshu with the Eighth Route Army. Mud walls, mud floor, mud bed, white paper curtains, mud and chloroform. Cold. Men with wounds. Is this one alive? Yes, he lives. Technically speaking, he is alive. Give him some saline imprevenously. Perhaps the innumerable, tiny cells of his body will remember. They may remember the hot, salty sea, their ancestral home, their first food. With a memory of a million years, they will remember other tides, other oceans and life being born of the sea and the sun. And this one? Will he run along the road beside his mule at another harvest with cries of happiness? No. That one will never run again. But don't pity him. Pity would diminish his sacrifice. He did this without sentimentality. For China. For Japanese prisoners. Cut away that bloodstained uniform. Lay him beside the others. There they are. Twenty operations tonight. Sixteen heroes and four enemies. Blood separated them. Blood has brought them together. Administer the anesthetic, please. Blubsners. Dr. Bethel, there is no anesthetic. Not even chloroform? Not even chloroform. Are you game, soldier? I will not feel it at all. I promise you, doctor, if you can make me well so I can fight again. All right, Blubs. Here, doctor. Oh, throw him away. Look at the holes in him.  Operate with my bare hands. Doctor, you will excuse me. But you think you ought to. There is a cut in your finger there, this infection. I know what I'm doing. But before I begin, orderly? Yes, doctor Bethel. Go to your commanding officer. Tell him to contact China Aid Council in New York and arrange transportation for me back to the capital. I'm going home to America.  I must. Americans have got to be made to realize that China is fighting the first battle of our war. If I can tell them, I, who've been here and see it, maybe they'll help us. It is too bad you must go, doctor. You know what the commandant say to the men when he starts an offensive? Must I? You will not think it disrespectful, if I tell you? No, of course not. The commandant says, you have your marching orders, attack. Bethel is here to take care of the wounded. He says that, does he? Yes. It's helpful. Yes. Norman Bethel died that night. An infection caused by operating without a 15 cent pair of rubber gloves. Thank you, Alfred Lunt. Ladies and gentlemen, in presenting the story of doctor Bethel on the cavalcade of America tonight, DuPont offers not only a salute to a great memory, but in an exact sense a tribute to the living reality of his work. It seemed most appropriate at this moment to give renewed emphasis to the Red Cross campaign as a symbol of the work done by men and women of mercy and medicine. It is in this spirit that we present to you now the surgeon general of the United States Army, Major General James Carr McGee. General McGee will speak to you from Washington. It is a great pleasure to have this brief opportunity to speak of the physical welfare of the vast army we are mobilizing. Our military might encircles half the globe. Our men of arms are stemming the hordes of darkness that seek to destroy us. They are meeting the enemy at far outposts in the air on the face of the earth and under the surface of the seas. No hazard is great enough to daunt them. The medical service which is being rendered to these men to whose care the life of the nation now is entrusted is excellent. This is a fact in which all of us may take the utmost pride. In total war, the whole world is a battlefield and every individual has some part to play, some obligation to discharge in order to ensure victory. The civilian front represents only another aspect of the military front. If one fails, the other fails. And the success of the one stimulates the other to succeed. Since the war of 1914 to 1918, there have been brilliant advances in both scientific medicine and medical military tactics. The United States Army is reaping the full advantage of these discoveries and developments. One of the serious problems on the battlefield has been the restoration of blood volume in cases of shock and haemorrhage. The development of dried human plasma has placed in the hands of military surgeons one of the most effective means of combating those conditions which are so often rapidly fatal. Let me impress upon you that all of this plasma is donated by public-spirited citizens. The donation of blood not only may save the life of a soldier, but it also makes of each contributor an active participant in this bitter struggle in which we are engaged to save everything which we hold to be noble and worthy. The donor may feel proud of this contribution, for he today that sheds his blood for me shall be my brother. The American Red Cross is doing splendid work in collecting the blood for the armed forces. It merits the fullest support from the people of the United States, and I know that such support will continue to be forthcoming. You have just heard the Surgeon General of the United States Army, Major General James Carmighi, who spoke from the nation's capital. Anyone who saw the motion picture Wake Island will never forget the character Smaxy played by the popular new star, William Bendix. Next week, Mr. Bendix makes his first appearance on Cavalcade in a new comedy melodrama, The Cook on the PT Boat Writes Home, an exciting story of the exploits of the crew of an unnamed PT boat as it stalks the enemy off the Solomon. Tune in Cavalcade next week to hear William Bendix in a program filled with thrills and laughter. The Cook on the PT Boat Writes Home. Cavalcade wishes to thank the 20th Century Fox Film Corporation for permission to use material from the biography Dr. Bethune by Ted Allen, subject of a forthcoming 20th Century Fox film. The orchestra and musical score on tonight's program were under the direction of Don Burris. This is Clayton Collier sending best wishes from Cavalcade sponsor the DuPont Company of Wilmington, Delaware. This program came due from Washington and New York. This is the National Broadcasting Company.


The owner of Breynard International Raceway has died following a boating incident in Florida. Jed Kopem died yesterday after authorities in Fort Myers, Florida, responded to the Sanibel causeway in response to a man overboard. Numerous agencies joined in the search for him, but his body was not located until this morning. Christina Mendez from WBBH TV in Fort Myers has the story. A family cruising near Panorasa Sunday turned into an all-out search for a missing man, Jed Kopem. I know that the family have to be feeling great loss. Law enforcement agencies working together to scour the water that night, but it wasn't until today Kopem's body was found. Jed was a remarkable man, and I wish that everybody would have had the opportunity to get to know him. The husband and father ended up in the water. Just was a man full of life. From a philanthropic family, Kopem was in town for his father's 75th birthday charity concert this weekend. Over the phone, Dave Kopem tells NBC2 the family is devastated. Then to have suddenly the next day have this huge tragedy happen. It's just beyond words. The Lee County Sheriff's Office in Florida says the investigation into Kopem's death is ongoing, but there appears to be no criminal aspect to the investigation. And we'll have more on Kopem's death tomorrow on Lakeland News. Local BIR officials were unable to appear on camera today, but they told us in a news release that Kopem had been swimming from his parents' boat on Sunday afternoon near Fort Myers when he went missing. No details of the accident have been released. A BIR spokesman Jeff Gorvin said that it's a tragic and sad day for Brainerd International Raceway and the entire racing community and the Brainerd Lakes area. Gorvin said everyone is still in shock and trying to make sense of it and their sympathies go out to Jed's wife Christy, his two children, and the rest of his family.


If you were on the board of a tennis club and you had to make a decision to do pickleball or Fidel, what would you do? Oh man, oh that's a good one. Because it's a real question right now, where it's like, obviously the explosion of pickleball is your own, your company has shifted or has taken it as an initiative. Where do you bet on if we're looking for 10 years from now? That's a good point. Yeah, it's hard to say. I would feel like Fidel might even overtake pickleball in the long term. I think you're right. That's probably my gut feeling, just given how much it's taken out of you. Is it the same size? Fidel's wider, right? It's wider. It's like in between a pickleball court and a tennis court in terms of size. It's kind of like medium. So if you consider tennis court large, yeah, that's kind of where it is. So pickleball is still the best short-term investment-wise and in real estate-wise too. You're gonna be able to put like four in the space of a tennis court. So that's probably where you'd want to go short-term but if you're thinking 10 years, if you're thinking in like decades, then the paddle, sorry, is actually the one that's going to be probably the one you want to go for.