Hello, I'm Drew Festini. I'm sorry about the delay there. It seems like there are some issues I'm having to dial in from my phone. So I wanted to talk to you today about both of my favorite things, which are Linux and open source hardware, and how RISC-5 plays into that. I've made some changes to this slide, but they're not in this system, and I can't screen share right now. So if you go to that URL there, you'll see the latest ones, including what's coming up at ELC with RISC-5. So you can click on that link there and see it. But real quick, tomorrow, there's going to be a keynote from Krista Sanovich from Berkeley, who's the main person behind RISC-5. Cam Raj will also be talking about the software ecosystem tomorrow.  So if you click on that link for the PDF there for the slides, you'll see it all there because these are a little bit outdated. So a little bit about me. I designed Open Source Hardware Project for a PCB manufacturing service in the U.S. Also part of the Beagle Boat or Dog Foundation, which some of you may be familiar with, the Beagle Bone or the Pocket Beagle. Also part of the Open Source Hardware Association. And one of the things that might be interesting to people that are developing hardware is they have a certification program for Open Source Hardware that you can go through to sell certification program, and then you get a nice little logo with your serial number for your project. Also recently, after Invited Role back in February, joined the new RISC-5 Ambassador Program. So you can visit the RISC-5 website to find out more about that. So I am, let me proceed here. I'm actually from Chicago, but I moved to Berlin last year. So I've started a embedded Linux meetup here in Berlin. Found hiatus right now. But when we're able to, we'll start meeting again. So if there's anyone in Germany reach out and I can let you know when we might be doing another one. Or if people are interested, we can do a virtual one.  Some of the active ones are Munich doing virtual ones. Bay Area is also doing virtual ones. So if you go to RISC-5.org slash locally, you can see all the different meetups happening there. So I mentioned, I don't want to talk about Linux on Open Source Hardware with RISC-5. So real quick, I wanted to define what Open Source Hardware means. So this is hardware whose design is made publicly available so that anyone can study, modify, distribute, make, and sell the design or hardware based on that design. So this is the community-developed definition of Open Source Hardware that the Open Source Hardware Association or OSHVL hosts on our website. And I mostly work with electronics. Looks like we have some nasty formatting issues there. I created these slides with Open Office, but this is the PowerPoint export. So if you go back to the PDF link that I had earlier and it'll come up again, you can hit grab the PDF of the slides. So anyways, for electronics, which is mostly what I work with for Open Source Hardware, we'll be talking about the schematics, forward layout, in the original CAD file, so the editable source file like I use KeyCAN, for example. No, it doesn't have to be an Open Source tool. So it could be something like Altium, for example, and then also the bill and materials. So these are the files that you'd be sharing for Open Source Hardware. And the whole point here is to enable collaborative development on the hardware design. I talked more about Open Source Hardware and options for running Linux on Open Source Hardware. I did talk back in December at 3063, which is a big hacker conference here in Germany. Again, apologies for the formatting. It doesn't look like it worked so well. So there's the link to the PDF again if you want to pull up the PDF of the slides. So, RISC-5, is it the instruction set for everything? So when you write a C++ program, it gets compiled into instructions that the processor executes. So how does the compiler know what instructions the CPU understands? So this is defined by the instruction set architecture or the ISA. So it's a standard, a set of rules that define the task that the processor can perform. So the example that you've probably heard of is X86. So Intel AMD, which probably most of our laptops and desktops are running in most servers. And then ARM, which all of us have an ARM processor in our phones most likely. But both of these are proprietary and they need commercial licensing to use them. So RISC-5 is a free and open instruction set that came out of a team at UC Berkeley. So about 10 years ago, they were doing computer architecture research and they wanted an instruction set that they could use for doing that research. And they didn't want to deal with licensing of commercial ISA like Intel or ARM. So they decided to make a new clean room ISA based on all the things they've learned in the past. So the things that I don't have on this set of slides is sometimes I could question, why is it RISC-V as in RISC-5? So it's the fifth RISC instruction set to come out of Berkeley. The original one being back in the early 80s. And David Patterson from UC Berkeley is one of the people that was the co-creator of the original RISC back in the 80s. And he gives a great talk that goes into the kind of the historical context for RISC and RISC-5 and this talk called Instruction Sets Wants to Be Free. And then Krzysztof Anowicz, who's the professor that kind of jump-started the whole RISC-5 project. He gives the State of the Union once or twice a year. So this is the most recent one. But he is also speaking tomorrow morning giving a keynote. So definitely check that out. So what makes RISC-5 special? So one of the key things here is that it's simple in that it's a clean design that was based on all the insight that the team at Berkeley had over decades of designing instruction sets. An idea here is that it's modular. So it's something that can scale from a microcontroller all the way up to a supercomputer. And one of the ways it does this is by breaking things up into extensions. So let me jump ahead to the next slide. Let me jump ahead to one more. Oh, do I not have it in there? Oh, I apologize. The slides that I had are slightly different than this. So the base ISA is just a 32-bit integer ISA. So that's all the base RISC-5 ISA is. And you can go to the pilot program right now for that. And it'll run in 20 years on some fancy supercomputer that's RISC-5. So the idea here is we build up with extensions to the instruction set. So beyond that, there's like multiply, atomic, floating point. So these are different things that can be added on. For example, in the case of Linux, it requires some of those extensions for Linux to be able to run on RISC-5. And the key thing here is once those extensions are frozen in the communities, then they stay that way. So while there may be future extensions, instructions that was designed to allow you to both have extensions through community in the future and also have the area to have extensions that are made by the vendors that are designing the processors. And probably the most important thing with an instruction set is the software ecosystem. That's probably one of the main reasons why we're still using X86 right now. And the RISC-5 software ecosystem is pretty solid right now. Definitely the software to some degree is kind of jumped ahead of the hardware design right now. So we have support in GCC and Clang, G-Lib C, Linux kernel has support, Zephyr. So all the sort of things that you would expect to see on X86 or ARM are kind of there. And the other interesting thing is there's both open source implementations that you can use and there's also commercial implementation. So Rocket and Boom are some of the original RISC-5 designs that came out of Berkeley. Risky and Arian are designs that came out of the PULP team at ETH CERC. And both of those are being used to build upon both open source implementations and implementations that vendors are doing. Another really notable one is Western Digital has the Swerve Core, which is kind of meant for microcontroller sort of applications. Inside 5 is one of the startup sets creating a lot of cores that can be licensed for SOC's that companies might build. Ooh, that is quite small there. Another bit of formatting problem. But as I was saying, the point here is it for it to be an extensible instruction set that can go from a microcontroller to a supercomputer. And while it was created at Berkeley, the RISC-5 foundation now hosts the standard on RISC-5.org. It should actually be RISC-5 International now. So you'll notice a lot of references to RISC-5 foundation. A new organization called RISC-5 International is a Swiss-based organization to eliminate any of the political considerations because it used to be based in the U.S. There's over 400 members now. It keeps on growing. It gives the latest numbers on Thursday, but it includes companies and universities. And even you as an individual, you can join the RISC-5 International as an individual member. One of the ways I've stayed up on what's happening is the YouTube channel for the RISC-5 foundation has tons of talks. They have workshops and summits every year. So it's a great source of knowledge if you want to learn more. And then one of the really exciting things is companies like NVIDIA and Western Digital are planning to ship millions of devices with RISC-5. So like with Western Digital, they're replacing the little controller in all their different disk drives and storage products to have RISC-5-based microcontrollers. NVIDIA is also replacing some of the management and controller cores in their graphics cards with RISC-5. So one thing that this can do is help avoid the licensing fees for a core. But it's also above that. So with ARM, only a few companies have microarchitectural licenses like Qualcomm and Apple. So everyone else is just licensing a core from ARM. They don't have the freedom to change the microarchitecture if they want to. So RISC-5 allows you to leverage existing open-source implementations like Boom and Rocket from Berkeley or the designs from the PULP team ETH Zurich or SWIR from Western Digital. It allows you to change the microarchitecture to what best suits your product. So there's freedom there when it comes to the implementation of the instruction set as well. Let's see. Got to the next slide here. So before I do that, I wanted to make one point here that oftentimes people hear RISC-5 and they think it means open-source. So RISC-5 is just an instruction set specification. And that is open-source under Creative Commons so anyone can use it if they want to. But the implementations of RISC-5 are both open-source ones and they're both proprietary ones. So just because it says RISC-5 doesn't mean the actual design of the chip is all open-source. But in order for us to have open-source chips, which is something I'm very excited about, we need to have an open-source instruction set because we couldn't take the ARM instruction set or the Intel instruction set and design an open-source chip around that because those instruction sets are proprietary. So I mentioned industry. So one of the interesting organizations and one of the first to get going with RISC-5 was Lovic. So this is a not-for-profit organization based in the UK. It was started by some of the people behind Raspberry Pi. One of the board members was the main software developers, Andrew Bradbury. The idea here is they wanted to create an open-source system on chip that you could use for something like a smart phone or a single-board computer. So I think this is a really exciting goal. They're still working on it, but one of the things you may have heard from them more recently is they're working with Google on this security processor project called OpenPython that's using a RISC-5 course from ETH Zurich. I wrote an article about RISC-5 earlier this year in a magazine called Hack Space Magazine. So especially if you want to kind of introduce RISC-5 to someone who's too familiar with computer architecture, this might be a nice overview. So one of the first companies, one of the first startups that came out of this RISC-5 phenomenon was Sly-5. So it was founded by some of the people at Berkeley that designed the RISC-5 architecture. And a few years ago at ELC, they were one of the big sponsors and they had recently come out with this microcontroller called the AP-310. So actually that's not new. It's over on the smaller chip on the lower right-hand side there. So this was a 32-bit microcontroller. It was really exciting at the time. However, my main interest is Linux. So this is not quite good enough to run Linux. So let's talk about chips that can run Linux. RISC-5 chips that can run Linux. And there again is the link on that slide there because the formatting of these slides is not ideal and also there's some newer information in there. So if you want to grab that link there, you'll be able to see them. So the first one that was kind of a big excitement for everyone was back in 2018-55. They just launched this new Pentechor 64-bit RISC-5 SoC. And then they made a web board called the High-5 Unleashed. So this is really exciting. This is still probably the best board you can get if you want to run Linux on RISC-5. It's got four 64-bit cores.  So it's a real nice board. The problem is High-5 is the IP company, a hardware design company that are actually in kind of making chips. So this was just kind of a proof of concept. So there was only, I think, maybe $100 made and they were $1,000. So it's both expensive and pretty limited, though it is still probably the best option for Linux on RISC-5. And one of the places you'll see it being used is people that are working on distros like Fedora and Davian. And you can even have a full desktop with RISC-5 here. So this is with the High-5 Unleashed board and also some pretty expensive FPGA cards and a PCI Express adapter. We can actually run a full GNOME desktop here. This is Fedora. And David, he's one of the people from High-5 that I've been talking to. He actually has one of these set up that he does work for Fedora. So that, a really expensive rear board is not super practical. So one of the other things that we can do is use QMU. Fedora has support for RISC-5 on it. And Aliser from Western Digital has done a really good job getting all that working.  And you can also run Davian. So Davian also has support as well. So we can use the High-5 board, which is pretty expensive and hard to get. We can use QMU on our Intel powerful laptop or desktop or server. But that's not super exciting, especially if you like embedded boards. So one of the things that's quite exciting right now is this board. So this is a board with the Kendraight K210 system match it. And this is from a company called Pipeed. And last year and also this year, some people including Damian Lamall at Western Digital have been hacking away to get this thing to run Linux. The catch here is that it only has 8 megabytes of SRAM. So if you look for the Pipeed Max bit, you can get that board. It's only $13. This is a dual core 64-bit RISC-5 processor running at 4 megahertz. And it has 8 megabytes of SRAM, which is a lot of SRAM for microcontrollers but not so much for Linux. The other unfortunate thing here is that it does have an MMU, but the MMU is an older spec, so it's not supported by Linux. So basically right now you can get a build root instance or you can get a build root fork from Damian, which will soon go upstream and you can run busybox. But right now we're kind of stuck. There needs to be more work to make it more useful. But you can test out Udude and OpenSDI and a bunch of other in the Linux kernel on this board. So for $13, it's definitely worth getting you to have interest in playing ROC Linux on RISC-5. And if you go to the PDF link, I have more updated slides there. As of Linux 5.8, when that comes out, it'll be fully supported. And Udude patches were just posted on the mailing list. So soon there should be support for this board and the Kendra processor in Udude. All there now in Linux. So it'll be interesting to see where this goes because the hardware is cheap. A lot of people will get their hands on it. And there's another little graphic of it there, a photo of it there running Linux. So you can see I have this is back in February. It was running Linux 5.6, which is the mainline at the time. And we're using six of the eight megabytes. So not a lot of room to do stuff, but still interesting to experiment with. And this is another version of the board that has a wireless Wi-Fi chip set on it as well. So you could potentially, through serial, connect to network services. But again, memory becomes a real issue with trying to do more than just running busy rocks. And Psyped has an image that you can download there if you don't want to build it yourself. So things that are coming up in 2020, well, it's already June. So I believe later this year, maybe September, August or September, Microchip's going to be coming out with the PolarFire SoC. So this is a FPGA chip with a hard-writ 5-core, and I believe it has four hard-writ 5-cores. So in the slides, I have a little more information to PDF that I've been mentioning. But if you type in Microchip PolarFire SoC, you can find that information about it. It's not out yet, but it's coming soon. And last week, Microchip just announced that they're going to be doing a dev board for it called the Icicle board. So that's going to be on CrowdSupply. You can go to CrowdSupply right now and look for the Icicle board, and you can type in your email address, and it'll let you know when that contains those lives. It's going to be less expensive than the 55 board, but maybe like half as expensive, which, depending on your frame of reference, might be very expensive because it's not going to be like the Icicle and Raspberry Pi price, but at least it's something that will be available. And the PolarFire SoC is going to be a real chip that's available to distribution. So we'll see other boards probably that use this, and those might be more cost-optimized. The other thing that's really exciting is back at the RISC-5 Summit in December, there was an announcement that the Open Harbor Group, which is another industry organization with companies like NXT and Silicon Labs, were working on open-source designs essentially to build an SoC. So the one that they announced here, let me go to the next slide, I think you have an image, is called the CoreV Chassis SoC. So this, you can think of it as one of the NXP from when we free-scaled IMX chips, but with the ARM core ripped out and RISC-5 core dropped in. So with this SoC, now it's just going to tape out in the second half of this year as a test chip, and then there will probably be a limited run of dev boards. But I think if it works out, we might see someone like NXP pull this out as an actual product. And if we can get to that point, then I think we can definitely start making more affordable dev boards like sub-$100 dev boards that have a real hard RISC-5 SoC, but still kind of waiting on that. So it has to be a little patient. But one thing we can do right now, we don't have to wait for the silicon chips to hit the market, is we can use FPGAs. So I don't have a lot of time here, but a great talk from a conference last year was from Megan Locks from Sci-Fi where she talks about combining both FPGAs and RISC-5s. So I'll just talk a little bit about the basics of FPGAs. So in FPGAs, there's a field program vocabulary, and you can think of it as a sea or an ocean of logic elements in a side bit chip that we can consider to be any sort of digital logic that we want it to be, including a processor. So we can have what's called a soft processor core loaded into the FPGA. One of the things that's been really exciting in the last few years is there's not open-source tool chains. So FPGA vendor tool chains were kind of notoriously bulky and not so nice to work with. So there's now a few FPGAs that work with open-source tools started with the last 40. But it's a bit too small for us to fit a RISC-5 core in it that can run Linux. But then the other thing that came along called Project Trellis which supports a more powerful FPGA called the ECP-5 from Lattice. And this one is actually big enough for us to be able to fit Linux into it, fit a RISC-5 processor that's capable of running Linux into it. Okay, it looks like people can actually hear me because I'm seeing some questions. It's not particularly interactive. It's like other conferences I've done so far virtually. So I see some interesting questions I'll get to at the end of the talk. So we've had support for Lattice, a couple of the Lattice parts. But the majority of the FPGA market is Xilinx or Altera Intel. Now the good news for Xilinx is for some of the Xilinx parts to series 7 there is soon going to be open-source support for that. It's already kind of there if you want to get into the repos and play around with it. But that means in the future we'll be able to use only free software tools to build a really capable like multi-core RISC-5 Linux system on Xilinx. I wrote another article that's kind of an overview of the FPGAs and the whole phenomenon of the open FPGA tool chain. So one of the projects I want to talk about kind of specifically here at the end is a little experiment that me and some other people did to get Linux running on a conference badge with RISC-5. So there's this really fun hardware hacking conference every year called the Hackaday Supercon. It happens in November in Los Angeles. And this year like is the trend now if you go to one of these hardware conferences you get a electronic kind of name badge to hack on. The one they had this year was in this Game Boy form back there. And it had the ECP-5 FPGA which is the one that's supported by open source tools and is big enough for us to fit a proper RISC-5 core that can run Linux. So this is us hacking on it in the alley here at the conference. Some of the people are actually here at ELC. Actually I think Michael Welling is actually giving a talk right now about STI. So Michael and Tim Ansel and Sean Cross and Jacob Creed and we all kind of hung together over the weekend to get Linux running on this. So the first approach was that it had 16 megabytes of SRAM built into it. However we weren't able to get that to work. However because it was a hardware hacking conference Jacob had ahead of time seen the design of the badge and designed this expansion board which gave us 32 megabytes of SD RAM. So this proved to be enough memory and also it was DRAM which makes it a little bit easier for Linux that we were able to get it to run. So real quick here the design of it if you can conceptualize. So remember the front there kind of looked like that Game Boy. And then on the back there's actually an expansion slot for hardware cartridges so to speak. So this is the DRAM cartridge that slides into the back there. And we were able to then get Linux running. But how did we do that? So real quick I was kind of soft core and it's kind of hard to conceptualize maybe. So you can think of this as a bird guide of all those little gates in the FPGA zoomed out. Like the one that we were using I think had 45,000 logic elements that we can program. So this is what it looks like when we've configured it to be a Linux capable RISC-5 core. And there's still space left. So that's the good news is we can still add new functionality, new peripherals if we wanted to. So I don't come from a chip design background. And I do some more board level hardware design. So not too familiar with all the different things the languages that are used for processor design. So we actually used Python in this project and that was really great. So if you're interested in how one might use Python to design hardware you can check out this talk here from Tim where he talks about a really interesting project where they built this open source hardware to be able to record open source conferences. Maybe this one someday. And one of the reasons for that is that Tim thinks that Python's a really powerful language. And using this framework called Nijen we can actually generate what is normally used for chip design to verilog very easily. Here's just a little snippet of what it looks like which if you've done any verilogs or VHDL you might see that kind of translates there to the Python syntax. I'm not sure how if you will see this but you can go to the URL there if it's too small. But this is a side-by-side comparison of what Nijen looks like. So Nijen is a essentially a hardware description language that's written in Python. So instead of using verilogs or VHDL which are the traditional hardware description language that people in industry will use to design processors, we can do it in Python. And you can see here the comparison of I think it's a D flipflop which is a very basic digital circuit both done in Python with that Nijen framework and then done in the traditional verilog. So on Python Nijen we add in LIDAC. So LIDAC is a framework that gives us a bunch of different IP cores which you can think of as peripherals that we need for building a system on chip in the FPGA. So you can check it out on GitHub there. Enjoy Digital is his name is Florence and he's one of the main people behind this project. So just to go over it again we have this Nijen framework that allows us to do what we would normally do is verilog or VHDL in Python instead. And then on top of that we have LIDAC which is this framework that allows us to build these different IP modules in Nijen and then glue them all together into an FOSC which is a system on chip which is normally what you're used to in one of the single board computers or a phone. I don't know if you can see that there but it's a little bit of an ASCII diagram there of how this comes together. So we have our open source FPGA tool chain. We have that Nijen framework for Python which in Python.  In this project we just used the DRAM controller and the serial controller. Now beyond that, okay, so we have these different hardware IP that we can string together but how do we actually get Linux on it? We need a processor. So we use the VexRiskV which is a nice open source 32-bit RIS5 implementation and this processor is actually capable of running Linux. So there's a project that's called Linux on LIDAC's VexRisk that glues this all together for us. So if you have one of these boards if you go to the URL there it'll list a bunch of different FPGA development boards. If you have one of those boards you can just clone this repo run through the builds and you'll have Linux booting on your FPGA board on this RIS5 core. So that is quite new for me to get one of those FPGA boards and I'll go over a few options in a moment. Here's what it looks like with Linux booting on the soft RIS5 core that's inside the ECC5 FPGA connected through a serial port to my computer if you didn't have to display there working at the time. So we have a little serial port and we can interact with the busybox instance that's running on that soft core inside the Linux. So this is all done with free software. No proprietary tool changes involved. So when we got back from the conference it would be good to add back the support that we have together to the Linux on Linux project. This is probably not particularly useful to people that were not at the conference but if you want to look at what does it look like to add a new board to Linux on Linux this is maybe a good reference point and I don't know if you'll be able to see that there but I'll give you an idea of what the syntax looks like. So this is a file where we're describing the pins that we have on our FPGA and how they connect to the different ports on the badge. And this is normally something that's done in Verilog in this case it's done in Python thanks to me, Jen. And one of the things that I thought was particularly useful since I'm not super proficient with Verilog was I'm able to look at this and get a much better feel for what's happening to nature of Python to be able to just import these modules and just extend and add what we need for our specific board. For example this is how it loads the upstream which is essentially the binary you could think of that you would have from a programming tool chain we load it onto the FPGA so we just load it like copy a similar board and then just tweak it for the specifics for our board. So another good example of that nice extensibility that Python gives us is we have this SD RAM chip and no one had used it before so all we had to do was take light DRAM which is the LightX DRAM controller and just extend it with the specifics for our DRAM chip which we got from the data sheet. So we didn't have to go right around DRAM controller in Verilog or deal with a bunch of Verilog to understand we just can do it all in a nice object nature of Python. And one of the points Tim will make is there's a lot more software engineers and hardware engineers and one way to get more people into chip design especially with the great open source tools that are coming out now is by making it more easier for software engineers to get into the ways that hardware is developed so Python is a nice way of doing that so you don't have to learn a new language like Verilog or VHDL. Oh and then the other nice thing which I encourage you if you're interested in FPGAs and Linux check out Linux on LightX because enjoy digital whose form is super responsive so what we had Linux booting it was taking 300 seconds which is not very fun. And I posted a issue and within a few hours he was like oh here's a fix and it now booted in 30 seconds. This was by loading it over serial it boots faster now because we can use it from the flash but anyways open up an issue within a few hours got a 10x performance improvement so I thought that was pretty awesome. And another example just to underscore why I think Legion and LightX using Python are really nice so this is a part of the change that for it made to make it go faster. I'm not super familiar with this design but I can kind of see here from the diff that he made the L2 cache wider. And for me understanding Python it was much easier than having to go through some Verilog so just kind of my opinion I think Python put interesting for doing hardware design. And we finally did get the LCD working in the end. Greg Davil is an awesome hardware hacker in Australia has it running in this tweet. So you don't have this badge if you weren't at the conference but if you want to play around with stuff what boards can you get? So these would be boards with that ECP5 FPBA from Lattice which is supported by the open source tool chain and it's big enough to have a Linux capable core. So one board is the Radiona ULX 3S and that is from a hacker space in Croatia called Radiona and they did a crowdfunding campaign on crowd supply a few months ago so you can check that out if you're interested in that board and then another board that I quite like a lot is the orange crowd from Greg. So this has 128 megabytes of DDR RAM so that's quite enough for us to do some interesting things with Linux. It also has an SD card and support is just landed recently for us to be able to boot Linux from the SD card. So we can actually have a proper like RudaFS and we have plenty of RAM to run in Linux so I think it will be quite interesting. It's already running, you can check it out. And he also did a campaign on Gluthcats which is a different website. Matt just finished I think he'll be giving more information soon on how to purchase it now that's ended but if you go to the link in the slide there it takes you to the GitHub that's a good place to file for more information and if you're just giving to FPGAs one that's big enough to run a Linux-capable core might not be the best route so this little board here is called the FOMU and it's a great way to get started with FPGAs. There's a nice self-paced tutorial that takes you through different ways of programming FPGA including Litex. So it's a good way to get some experience before you jump into something like Linux on Litex with a bigger FPGA. It also sits inside your USB port which is kind of fun so you can do it wherever you go and if you don't have any hardware one of the really nice pieces of software is called Renode for Matt and Micro and it's an open source project that's essentially a batteries included emulator for embedded boards. So you can go to renode.io and you'll see on there a bunch of different dev boards. There's more than this but for example that sci-fi on leech board is a really expensive board that's pretty rare. It's in there. Several FPGA boards are in there as well so what this does is it allows us to use our laptop or desktop or even server and we can run this emulator. It's a fork of QMU but it hasn't had a lot of stuff added to it. So here is a little photo of me on my laptop running renode and it's emulating that sci-fi on leech board. It's that really expensive board. I have the same environment on my laptop here and because it's running like on a modern Core i7 it's actually pretty responsive so it's a really nice way of getting involved with RISC-5 if you don't have any hardware at all. You can also use QMU but if you want to kind of emulate specific boards renode is a really nice way to do that. It looks like I have come to the end. Please do hit that URL because the slides that are on github are formatted properly and also have a lot more information. One of the things that has not been here is last week at the RISC-5 Munich Meetup we are in Topol. I'll give a really interesting talk about how they get involved in the RISC-5 Linux kernel development and he talks about some of the to-dos that are still needed. It makes the point that RISC-5 is pretty new and it's relatively simple compared to the other architectures that are supported in Linux so if you want to dig in and start working and get some experience with kernel development RISC-5 is a good place to look. It's simple enough that you can maybe fit it on to your head unlike ARM or Intel. I think we do have some questions here. Real quick they are in the slides but not these PowerPoint slides but the PDF. A really great book is called the RISC-5 Reader. If you want to have a short 100 page book that gives you the speed with what RISC-5 is and the different extensions, that's a great resource. The RISC-5 Reader you'll find it on Amazon. We have some questions here. I saw Robert they say think maybe I had a title so going back to the Microchip Polar Fire Associate which is that PGA with the hard RISC-5 cores. It's similar to the Xilin sync. You can think of it that way. Definitely get in touch with Microchip if you're interested but I believe that should be coming Q3 this year both as the chip and then also the Icicle dev board that you can try to get started. Hello and don't forget Kam Raj talked tomorrow about the ecosystem for RISC-5. He's asking when can we expect Beaglebone RPI range RISC-5 Actually maybe I should be doing something with these questions. Should I be answering them? So the impediments there to having a sub $100 board is a SOC that's affordable. Thanks for a lot of the companies are IP only companies like Sci-Fi so they just basically make test chips. Other companies like Western Digital are just doing them for internal use. So the open hardware group if that turns into an NXP product I think that could definitely be something that opens the chapters that could be something that we could do. The Polar Fire Associate I think still might be too expensive because I have so I'm actually pretty excited to see what Kendra does. So if Kendra was to come out with one that had an external memory bus then we could have a proper system. So right now basically we're winning an SEC that basically sold as a real product that we can buy and build boards around. I do think we'll see that in 2021 that we'll see $100 or less boards that can run for risk 5 on a hard SOC. Let me see here I'm not quite sure I'm supposed to be typing in text answers but I'll just answer these with audio. So someone asked what is your I guess I'm supposed to be typing. Okay the engineer says I can just talk verbally so before time runs out I will do that. By the way in the Slack we now have one for risk 5. So if you look in the Slack it's like number 2 dash risk 5 so we can do more questions and answers in there as well. And don't forget there's keynote tomorrow and then Kendra. What is your estimate of the effort required to develop a low power risk 5 core? So check out ETH Zurich they have the PULP team there which is parallel ultra low power. So they've been doing a lot of work on energy efficient risk 5 cores and all the work that they've used open source. So that's an interesting thing to check out. In terms of companies I think there's a company called Greenways that's doing like low power sensor microcontrollers with risk 5. So definitely check out ETH Zurich PULP. Any idea if risk 5 can be done in the team to be on board? So I believe that's the balance part. Definitely if you check the Linux on Lydex repo which I showed earlier there's a bunch of boards in there solo of them are Xilinx so if it's not listed there it's probably just a matter of getting all the specifics of the boards in there but the Xilinx part should be supported. They're supported with the Xilinx toolchain which is a giant thing. It's like 40 gigabytes but the simple flow project is very close to having some of those working with the open source toolchain so you don't necessarily have to use the Xilinx proprietary toolchain if you wait a little bit. By the way with the pink Z1 board that you mentioned there I would say go ahead and open up an issue on the Linux on Lydex with repo and I'm sure enjoy visual which is a foreign will probably respond. Maybe that is all the questions all the rest of them are wondering where I was because I was having issues with doing it over web audio and I had to dial in so hopefully that wasn't too painful and please do check this slide. Are there more questions? There's a second page. It's just about me not being able to get it working. Yeah so if there's any more questions happy to take them here I think we're over the time anyway so thank you for attending hopefully I'll see you in the Slack this is not very interactive unfortunately because they're virtual but I definitely would love to have more interactive Q&A over in the Slack. I I guess this is done can the engineer hear me?


Hi everybody. It's nice to see you. It's a real pleasure for me to be here and I'm very appreciative. I'm gonna be really brief and what I want to do is pick up from from the Pasalini link Although I think given the amount of time I have James keeps me on a very short leash these days. The better. He knows me the the shorter. I find that I have to do anything I Wanted to to to to ask about some genealogical questions in part because it's sort of following on what Miles is up to but also, you know, I find myself as somebody really moved and Influenced by by by some of the work of the people in this room actually a lot And I won't try to say it all but I just want to mention Christina's idols of nations Which is such an important step in mapping the history of biblical scholarship in relationship to the question of economy Ditto for Aaron's work on Babylon and also Fatima's Work on the interpretations of Paul as as a way of inventing European man Taylor to you you may hear echoes of some of your stuff Taylor Okay As a sort of cheeky introduction I want to read this only slightly It's by divine gift that I am what I am and this gift hasn't yielded nothing In fact, I've worked harder than anyone Not me but the gift From Jacob Talbis and Georgie Ogamban to Slavoj Zizek in our land by Jew the turn to Paul in continental philosophy Has for these past decades generally presented itself as an important contribution And even as the essential element in a contemporary anti-capitalism I'll return to this and to the vexing question about why this turned to Paul as an anti-capitalist precisely Has like clockwork functioned as a return of anti-Jewish pronouncements, especially in bad you and shizek I don't think so just to be really clunky and blunt about everything on the way I Think this is this is structurally built into the discourses we're inheriting It's precisely when they feel that they want to be anti-capitalist that then they turn to or their Christianity There are sort of self representations by way of these biblical figures become some more anti-Jewish And that's because they're trying to be anti-capitalist and the more that they get into that mode The more they get sucked back into this earlier game. I don't think this is at all accidental For the moment, I want to start instead here with this quote from Paul and the provocative explication What if somehow? Miraculously, perhaps or like a thief in the night Paul as the great protester against the order of work as a means of salvation has somehow Become transformed into the very image of an economy of work without end or perhaps if new forms of work without contract If Paul may be read today as I do here as a new figure of work Without contract then of course the ironies would be striking if the praise of the cessation of work and of the Association of visions of redemption as a cessation of work were to have become instead the very dynamism of ceaseless activity a Kind of crystallization of hyperactive Self-funded overextension of oneself in time and space Then where would we be? What eschaton would have arrived? Second pot-stirring gesture just to be also sort of brutally Concrete is that I want to suggest that we haven't taken seriously the reading of this turn to Paul as part of social movements This is one of the parts of our bigger project that I'm quite keen on And so the mapping of these gestures toward Paul from 1968 to now in relation to actual like social experiments Social movements and so on in which the different authors were participating is something I want to take very seriously and my suggestion is that we have in someone like bad use Paul over time a very strong move From a 1968 story that he's going to tell Actually in the 80s to what he started doing later Hmm in the early 1980s All right Land by Jew was still imagining that his own turn to Paul and that excellent piece of theater the incident at Antioch Indicated his own own exit from a politics of violent takeover this Parisian his Parisian Maoism of the 1970s and This exit it led him into a zone of self-reliant direct action Unconcerned about such violence and the place beautiful, you know perfectly beautiful on this issue the conversion of Paul Is a step away from moving on reliance or it's a move away from reliance on central authorities authorities the play imagines as Involving Jerusalem and so on and and going into a sort of free-wheeling entrepreneurialism in some sense at any rate direct action as the text has it Bad you at the time as I've said it is it's still imagining that this breakthrough this conversion of Paul is About political violence and his own break with an earlier form of political Fantasy which was about violent takeover of central agencies What I'm suggesting here and and and I hope that you might want to push back What I'm suggesting is suggesting is that in keeping with that nice old Marxist adage that sometimes The real revolution were actually in we mistake for an earlier version of this story And in this case what I want to say is that for all of his reliance on Pasalini's Paul which was about the break with fascism right fascism is the problem that Pasalini's Paul is trying to wrestle with But you in the 80s is presenting his work in the same way and what I'm suggesting is that there's another Revolution here's your entrepreneurial neoliberal revolution, which is probably more accurately the way to talk about some of these things in the early 80s And Paul was in this context Sorry, this is by you just a few years ago. He's still talking about these things and this was him at the Hebel theater Where they enacted part of the incident and Antioch and here and in the next slide He's pretending to be he's acting out sort of off the cuff One of the characters in another of his films He's here from Ahmed the philosopher. He is the demon of the city He would hate that we were showing these films at this picture, but he's a big boy Yeah Paul was in the context of this play in the early 80s just remember the slogans Direct action at a distance from the state It was the inauguration Paul's conversion then becomes the inauguration of work not controlled But also not funded by the central agencies of Jerusalem above all it was the emergence of a community and the solidarity only of Faith or trust Meaning that it was a movement entirely self-reliant entirely self-funding Living and dying by its own capacities to motivate itself to enthuse itself and to keep itself Producing and consuming its own market living expressing itself projecting itself as its own market It was the emergence in These respects precisely of what bad you would later formalize in a good sartre in sense as a political subject Entirely subjective or self-reliant Paul by do would soon say was the man for our time as he put it But bad you didn't yet realize it was because his Paul was becoming a perfect icon of a new liberal free market And the entrepreneurialism which is demanded of us all Paul was the man for our time so to speak so hear his voice and perhaps you'll recognize yourself in it There's a lot much longer paper where I did a lot of this preaching. I like to do this, you know, I can't resist it Recognize perhaps not yourself But maybe those most hopeful workaholisms which work through you think of that first Line of Paul that the promise makes you strangely work harder than ever before The real hard work begins once we stop working so to speak according to contract I Have various other things actually and I think I'll skip some of this because It's sort of I do I spend some time in the longer version of this Making the case that you have this sort of hyperactive Paul And I focus on some of my favorite moments I love the bit toward the end of Romans when effectively Paul is saying I'm done You know from Tel Aviv to Ibiza. It is finished You know I'm done preaching and then he's like and I'm coming to you. Sorry. I haven't been there yet I'm gonna get there soon and when I do would you send me further? I mean the guy is like completely manic, right? And there's there's and so I kind of I kind of play this up in the sense that you know consider the historical moment It was a disaster in Jerusalem effectively he has a handful of groups Organized along the coast of you know, what's now Greece and Turkey all of which are understanding him in a different way half of which are totally Moving in directions. He doesn't like just a few lines down when he talks about his collection Which is for him, you know absolutely essential which he's taking for Jerusalem already He's dropping off, you know important congregations because clearly they're not participating with him So, I mean here's here's my Paul. He's manic He's also sort of like really overextended and just kind of hurling himself forward almost in this kind of wacky way And then and also of course there, you know as he sort of concludes that letter Or that section with with real anxieties about what will happen when he finally gets to Jerusalem He doesn't yet know that this is of course going to be a total disaster Okay, instead I Want to say I want to say something very quickly then Actually just in a few minutes I want to make a couple of gestures toward the genealogy that we were talking about around Miles work and so miles is going back to To Shumpeter and I want to mention something about Weber and Zombart If Paul Strangely enough this kind of militant Paul may equally be read, you know, that is to say we could go back and read I mean, I don't talk here at all about Gizek, but you can see the same thing Gizek begins his career and becomes famous and let's also remember that by do you becomes the famous philosopher by way on of some of the of the Paul stuff and And and so, you know, how do we analyze these things? Gizek is in a similar situation and Okay, but what I wanted to suggest is that actually you might have these strange Turnings around a function Precise because of these very old histories that that we're all inheriting here. And so in just a couple of minutes Recall how for Weber Max Weber capitalism is really taking off in someone like Benjamin Franklin Right, so that poster boy of American capitalism who pinches every penny or who finds that saving is a kind of late or gear or priestly service to a sphere divine That is in the language of Weber sociology of religion It's the places where a Christian break with the economy of work and measurable wage Somehow reenters the situation in the form of a strange new Judaism. This is of course all Weber Weber considers the US just such a place remember a kind of amalgam of Christianity and Judaism The spirit of capitalism therefore mixes the openness of the gift, which is also to say the immeasurability of our debt With an intensively bureaucratic or legalistic system of accounting. This is all Weber. I mean it's sort of like Never mind, I won't comment yet In this spirituality as a form of modern economic life The idea is that one relentlessly measures everything squeezing every penny precisely because there is no end to accumulation But what would we do if if we considered Bad use Paul in this respect because they are different, aren't they? I mean just consider what it would mean to replace Benjamin Franklin with Alan bad use Paul in an effort to update the spirit of capitalism What we would have perhaps is much closer precisely to what people like Luke Bultansky or Eve Chapello are Imagining as precisely the new spirit of capitalism They are if I may put it this way describing a bring Benjamin Franklin without job security a Benjamin Franklin where there is even more precarity in the market and when an even more intensive form of self-reliance is Necessary than the one which measures itself in terms of its accounts and its accumulations I think that's I think the difference here if we were to try to update Weber and play around with these Biblical figures in contemporary forms is that we would need to think of I like my Polly's crazier than Benjamin Franklin Benjamin Franklin was an accountant polls not he knows he's not winning right so there's a sense of this unsustainability that I think I like in this in this figure Compared to Franklin, and I think that is something that we see of course in in the work of people like Chapello and Bultansky as they're they're thinking about these things as well in sociological terms Not myself, but the dark gift in me We're more self-reliant more self-funding more precarious in a word more entrepreneurial than ever before Actually, what I'm most keen to do is to stop so that we have time to To discuss these things together, so I hope that's enough to at least sort of suggest where where I was trying to go So thanks


major global talking point. It's clearly on the agenda here in many of the discussions around Davos and on the panel here today. Today with me we have Joanne Lippmann, journalist most recently at USA Today and author of That's What She Said, which is coming out on Tuesday for all in a bookstore, hopefully near you. And we have Gary Barker who is CEO and founder of ProMundo. There are two men and one woman on this panel. Some people might ask whether that's the right ratio. So let's ask it, is that the right ratio? I'm delighted actually to have men on the panel, men in the audience, men watching us. And the reason is actually the subtitle of my book That's What She Said is what men need to know and women need to tell them about working together. And the reason that I wrote the book and the reason why I think that this moment has exploded in the way it has is because all of the issues that create an environment, that it's extreme lead to sexual harassment and assault that we've been hearing about, all of those issues that lead to that are the things that women face every single day. So not every woman has been sexually assaulted at work, but every woman, every woman in this room, every woman watching knows what it feels like to be marginalized, ignored, interrupted, underestimated, disrespected. And the issue is that women actually talk about these issues amongst ourselves all of the time. And it's been going on for years that we talk to ourselves, we have books, we have conferences, that's all terrific, but it's half of a conversation. And if women only talk to ourselves, 50% of a conversation can only lead at best to 50% of a solution. So if we really want to close the gender gap, what we really need is to bring men into the conversation. And the book, that's what she said, is about how do we bring men in? What are some strategies that men can employ? But it's also, I think, in this particular moment, the reason why this has exploded. And I think it could be a positive outcome from the sexual harassment scandals is that we do have men who are suddenly aware and engaged in the issue and really want to change it. So this, I think, could be a very positive outcome. And I'm delighted to be on a panel with two men. All right. Gary, you've been working, Pramunda has been working in this field, Evolving Manhood for the last 20 years. You're the founder of the organization. Some might say it's quite a strange calling. Why did you choose this as an area in which to create a startup, I guess? Yeah, that is a good point. I mean, when I present my passport, and if they ask in a given country, what do you do for a living? And I said, I try to overcome patriarchy from within. It's not a conversation starter with most border guards. But I think whether, so I grew up in Houston, Texas, witnessed a school shooting, saw what versions of manhood meant for myself and other young men. And said, there's something that doesn't quite work here. And listening to girlfriends, friend girls, all had stories of the kind of harassment that is part of, unfortunately, the daily experience of women and girls. Years later, working in the reproductive health and sexual health field, it was kind of, we didn't really have a conversation with men. This amazing feminist revolution changing women's lives. But it was as if men were the bringers of harm, but there was no conversation of what stake we as men have either in repeating this, so we kind of perpetuate patriarchy all the time. But what was the stake that men could have in also trying to be allies with women to overcome it? And so Primundo started with that premise that we, certainly we need men on board with gender equality and ending sexual harassment because it's right, that should be enough. The sentence should end right there. Men, you should do this because it's the right thing to do. And then we can say, well, it's also right because actually your business does better and countries thrive. But there's also, and we've now done data in many countries on this, that men who believe in a more and live a more equitable version of what it means to be men are healthier, happier men. So we have a stake in this, not only because it's right for women and girls and it's right for the world, but I think increasingly we find that this conversation allows men to embrace a version of manhood that allows us to be who we wanna be. So kind of closer to our true selves. So at the end of a conversation with that border guard, I've convinced him that actually this is in his interest to embrace gender equality and overcome patriarchy. At least that's where I try to get. We have data to back it up and I'll share that later. Great. Joanne, that's what she said is a very timely book and to that extent you've been lucky and at the same time you've been at it for quite a while. Why this topic? Right, so actually I've been working on the book for three years. So it's not a reaction to the sexual harassment issues that came up, but the reason I've been working on it is I grew up in the first 20 plus years of my career I spent at the Wall Street Journal and most of my career I have been surrounded by men working with men, writing about men and the guys who I worked with, these are good guys. These are men who actually would want to be part of the solution, who want to be allies with women, but because they haven't been part of this conversation there and women haven't included them in the conversation so they've been sort of left out. So you have these good guys who are potential allies who really are essentially clueless about a lot of the issues that women face. There's actually research on this catalyst of a non-profit organization, actually interviewed men a few years ago and found and said what are the barriers to you becoming a champion for women? And more than half, it was 51% said it was actually lack of knowledge about what the issues actually are which is astonishing as a woman because again these things are in our face every day 100 times a day and we talk about them all the time. The other thing that the men said and I think this is really important is a vast majority something like 74% of the men who were interviewed said it was fear. They had the fear of saying something wrong but also the fear of being embarrassed of losing status among other men. And that's incredibly important. That's the piece of this kind of cultural issue that we really need to get over and that I think that you're working with as well. 20 years you've been at it. What have you learned over that period about the nature of manhood? Yeah, I mean one is that it's a pretty fragile armor. I mean it's quite brittle. If we can get men starting a conversation around that I think the issue of fear, right, we are part of this way that we're raised to be men is that we don't stop and question what it means and that we're fearful of being judged by other men of do we live up to this idealized version of what it means to be a man? And all of us will have to acknowledge that we're not quite as strong or as virile or haven't had as much sex as we have. Part of it is this illusion of who we are as men. Part of what we try to do in a group setting is make it safe for guys to go yeah, it's not quite working out the way that I thought it did. There are aspects of it that, or I'm fearful of what happens about this or I'm expecting a child and I'm scared out of my wits of whether we've got enough income or I can be a good parent or a good partner and all the rest. So one is creating that safe space that men can talk about this stuff. It's okay too and we don't lose face and status. The other is to try to change the rules around men. So if in countries where men have been ignored for example in a prenatal visit, but we have 80% of men in Brazil coming to that prenatal visit, training a healthcare worker to say, talk to him, say we want him there. Invite him to come back to do that HIV testing that he's otherwise not done. And if we change the world around men we find that we get them to change. Print a leaf stuff that the Scandinavian countries have done to say we offer it to you, we expect you to take it. And a boss who comes and says, I know you're expecting, you've got three months leave, shakes your hand and says I expect you to take the leave versus no hard worker would actually take the leave even if we offer it. So I think it's that changing the rules, making it safe and like your book does, identifying the men who already buy into this. Any setting we do this. So we work in low income areas of Brazil. The US parts of South Asia, the Middle East, we find the men who already believe in this, who are kind of already on our side. And no matter where we've done this in some of the most conservative places there are already men who get this. So another part is turning up the volume of their voices to say, look there's men who look like you who believe in this, who are doing it, who are showing the way and engaging them as kind of our first point of contact. I think that's so important actually. What I did in my report, I interviewed hundreds of people but I actually went and sought out men who were trying to close a gender gap and I talked to them about what are the things, what are your frustrations, what perplexes you about your female colleagues and what might be some strategies that you've employed successfully to try and close the gap. And that has been remarkably successful for a lot of men because once they become aware of some of these issues there are things that once you see them you cannot unsee them. So as a for instance, women, the research shows are interrupted three times more often than men are. And this goes for women of all levels by the way. There's been research done on the Supreme Court. Female Supreme Court justices are interrupted three times more frequently than male Supreme Court justices. Christine Lagarde here at Davos last year actually talked about this, how men sort of don't pay attention in a meeting when a woman is speaking. But you know, so for example I talked to a very successful television writer who realized that in his writer's room, he was a television producer of The Shield and of The Walking Dead, and he said in the writer's room he was realizing that women who had ideas were failing. None of their ideas were coming through. And he said it took him a little while but he suddenly eclipsed for him. What was happening is every time they tried to pitch an idea the men in the room interrupted them. And so he created a new rule. The new rule was no interruptions for anyone while you're pitching, man or women. And suddenly after he did that the women's ideas started coming through. The women started to succeed again. One other thing that a number of men talk to me about is when women make up less than a third of a group which is very, very typical in certainly in most Crippert settings, their voices tend to not be heard. And I think every woman knows that feeling where you speak up and you have an idea. It's kind of a good idea and it's crickets, right? Nothing, nobody seems to hear it. And then a man repeats it two minutes later and suddenly Bob's a genius and he gets the credit.  The men who have realized this told me they now listen for that. And when that happens, they amplify the woman's point. They repeat it. They say, oh, Olivia, you made a great point. They repeat the point and that does two things. It first of all, it keeps the idea alive instead of the idea dying away. And secondly, it gives credit where it's due.  Let me interrupt you there. And I do actually want to come back and talk about some other practical things that men and others can do in the workplace and at home. What I'd like to ask about though is with the Me Too movement last year and all the discussion that's happening, it seems that this is an extremely widespread problem. It's a spectrum of course. You've got sexual assault down one, down the very severe end, all the way through to unconscious bias and social structures that create the kind of work environments that you're talking about. How widespread is this? So we've just in a survey last year, representative sample of 18 to 30 year olds in the US, the UK and Mexico and found that one in five to one in three had carried out some kind of harassing or bullying behavior against women or girls or against other men in the last month. So only in the last month. And that's self-reported. Self-reported stuff, but we practiced a lot of what the best way we could ask those questions. You could probably guess that some of that's under reported but that's already astounding and frightening. So how do you ask that question? So what we'll say is in the last month, have you done one of these things?  So we won't use harassment necessarily but the description of that behavior and guys will say yes. So we think that's probably under reported but it's already quite high. And then the next thing we did with the data is to say so which young men, what factors? Education level didn't matter, income level didn't matter, ethnicity didn't matter, urban world didn't matter. The single most strongest factor that came out was how much you believed in a series of 17 attitude questions that we call the man box. So how much you believe in a version of men are in charge, that's the way the world is, I have to use strength to show who's in charge. That tough guy version of manhood, the more you believed in that, the more likely you were to report one of these harassments. And the chart basically goes like that. The most if you're in the highest quintile of being in that box. If you're a Rambo. If you're 10 times like her to do it. So the point is we need to in this me too moment and it is a tremendous moment. But if all we think we need to do is to make lists of men who've harassed and if we think it's just a handful of men at the top, we've missed the broader question. So I mean I think and you said this as well, sexual harassment is a symptom of gender inequality. And I think we have to be careful that we don't just focus on the symptom but say it's the whole package that we need to do. And so we also believe that what we've got to do to prevent it and keep it from happening is yes, adequate reporting and protection of women who report it. That we take seriously women's accounts. But we've also got to go way upstream and have conversations with our sons. We've got to do adequate hiring so there's enough women in any workplace that it feels, do I have a long list there? But you can interrupt me, it's all right. So we're gonna come back again because at the end of it we're gonna have a list of things to do for men and for women. I'd like to ask you, Joanne, about some of the data points that you discovered when you were doing the research for your book. Sure, well there's a ton. But I mean, to your point this starts so young. It starts very, very young. And we've all heard about unconscious bias and how we have these biases deep within us that we don't even know about. Men have them as well as women have them. But these things start very, very young. So for example, one of the things I found out was that mothers of infants routinely will overestimate how quickly their sons learn how to crawl, but they underestimate how quickly their daughters learn how to crawl. You go up to the two-year-old age. Google has crunched the data on this and has found that parents who put the question about their two-year-olds who ask Google, is my child a genius? Two and a half times more likely to ask it about a boy than they are about a girl.  There was a really interesting study done about math. Okay, so math seems like it should be black and white. They had first graders take a math test. It was graded by teachers, all of whom were female, by the way. The math test, the first set was with no names. It was anonymous. And when the math tests had no names on them, the girls outscored the boys. Then they put the names back on. When the names were on, the boys outscored the girls. And this is in math. That's in math? In math. And so the boys were getting sort of credits, partial credit. They were getting the benefit of the doubt and the girls were not. And this goes all the way up at every grade level. By the time you get to college, a girl needs to have a B in order to be seen, I mean a girl needs to have an A in order to be seen on level as a boy with a B. There's been some research in the workplace that shows that women need to be two and a half times more competent than a man to be seen as the equal of that man. So again, it starts literally from birth. And so these are the kinds of things that we really need to start. This isn't something that we can just fix in the workplace. It's not something we can fix by weeding out the bad apples at work. This is something that starts at home early. It starts in schools and we need to kind of educate our kids and our parents and start this at home before it gets to the point where we have created this environment where at the extreme we can have these sorts of incidents that we've been writing and talking about now. I'd like to talk a little bit about the nature of feminism. Because clearly we are now entering a whole new phase. If you take, I guess, the first wave of feminism was the suffragettes, second wave of feminism in the 1970s, and then things seem to have gone off the rails a little bit. Are we in a, is this going to be a very practical period? Or will we find ourselves, are things going to change in the next five or 10 years? Will my children and my children's children live in a different world for women? I mean, it's already changing. The last 20 years in terms of women's participation in the workplace in many parts of the world, advances in girls' education around the world, it's already, the shift is there. I think the holdout, which is, I think your book is touching on it, is how do we get men on board with this? And so if, and I think, and men to realize that our lives are going to get better with this as well, is I think, let's take the issue of caregiving. So while we need to do all the push to get women in the workplace, we also need men to do our share of the work at home. Women do, on average, three times the amount of, around the world, three times the amount of daily care of children, elderly, and our houses, our homes. Little recognition for that, we know what that means in women's lives. The changes when men start to do half of this, when men are hands-on caregivers, when we get men into caregiving professions, we also see a shift in men being more likely to listen, care for their own health, worry about, have the connections with others that make our lives much more interesting. So I think part of this shift does have to be time to bring men along with this. And we've got to be really careful that it's not men stepping up and go, oh yeah, let me now drive this feminist revolution now. I think the other part is to say, we need both men listening in that meeting, but also saying we're following what the women's rights movement started with this. We're with you at the Women's March to say give us some ideas on where we should go, but we're also finding a stake that men have that our lives get better as we embrace this. I do think it's a great question of will it last, right? Because we're in a great moment now, and there's this awareness among men, there's awareness among all of us, and it's being taken seriously in the media. I think back to when Bill Cosby was first, the reporting on Bill Cosby, who was drugging and sexually abusing women, was primarily on the entertainment pages. And you think about now, and all credit, and kudos to the New York Times and the New Yorker for getting that Harvey Weinstein story out, getting that on the front page, and putting this out there not as an entertainment story, but as a story about society, and how society needs to change. So, however, all that said, I think there's a serious question about will it last, because in 1991, Anita Hill was the first person who brought the phrase sexual harassment into the popular vernacular. Those of us who started in the workplace before then didn't really think of that phrase. There was, you know, if sexual harassment meant rape in the workplace, the way, so she kind of, the modern sexual harassment was brought up by Anita Hill in 1991, but we see here we are more than 25 years later, and so much has not changed. And so, you know, my hope is that we can hold on to this moment and propel it, but I think it is probably too soon to have a definitive answer on that. Okay, I've got my pad out. We've got five minutes left, and we're gonna have a list of things to do for men and women in the workplace and at home. So let's start with men in the workplace, and we'll start with you, Gary. Yeah, what do we need to do? Well, I mean, I can start a little bit with what not to do. The 45-minute PowerPoint on Don't Harass and why it causes harm at the workplace doesn't work. So we know that the conversation does have to be about what manhood means, how we interact, and very practical. So I think the kind of listening activities you do, we do an activity with young men called the talking stick, where you wait for the other to speak, so you actually hold an object and wait for the person, and you can't interrupt until they have passed it on. So trying to make active listening part of it. Print a leave, shifting the dynamic and saying, we expect men to do as much of the caregiving at home and have a life beyond the workplace that we do, and we support women in doing that as well. I think that definitely has to be there. I think quotas are not a bad thing. Businesses often react and push back on those, but I do think when you do the Norway model of 40% women on a board, the kind of thing that Iceland's just passed about looking at your pay and making sure you're off in equal pay, I think those are things that make men sort of look up and go, oh, I'm being made to take equality seriously, and I don't have a choice. Parent training is a key one, getting this into schools, coaches, religious leaders, others who shape everyday manhood, those folks that we train to be the deliverers of this message, we find that it works. And again, keeping the discussion on, it's about the manhood, stupid, I would say is kind of our, it would be our slogan. Okay, in the workplace, men and women. Sure, yes, first of all, all of the above. We talked about no interruptions, we talked about amplification. There are things that you can do in the management, those who have managerial responsibility. We kind of all know that you should have a mixed slate of people to interview for job openings. It is just as important I've learned to have a mixed slate of people who are doing the interviewing. If you have a mixed slate of men, women, and genders, and ethnicities, but all white guys doing the interviewing, you're still gonna have a problem. There's a respect gap between men and women. That's something that we need to be highly, highly aware of. A man and a woman who have exactly the same job title, the man actually gets more respect and has more power in the workplace. So that's something, again, we have to be aware of that to try and close that gap. The differing ways that men and women communicate in the office, I think, are also incredibly important. There's been some brain research that shows that because of the way male and female brains are wired, there's a misinterpretation that goes on. And one of the biggest is, has to do with men and emotion. Men, so women actually do cry more often than men. Young women cry significantly more than older men. Men in the office, when they see a woman crying, they generally think, oh my god, I've hurt her feelings. And you hear men saying, well, I'm afraid to give her honest feedback. I can't give her feedback. I can't put her on this project, whatever, because she might cry. They're deathly afraid of tears. Two things about that. One is actually the research shows that men's testosterone level falls when women cry. So it's actually a threat to the man. But secondly, he's wrong about why she's crying. When women cry at work, it's actually anger and frustration. It's not hurt feelings. And so there's just, we need to kind of understand that communication level better. So how should a man respond when a, how should a boss respond when a subordinate is crying? You should understand what it means. Okay, you're frustrated, you're angry, let's talk about that. And acknowledge that as opposed to, you know, trying to like, you know, make her feel better. One other thing in terms of the communication is there's just different ways that men and women communicate.  Boys are taught to play by winning, playing games where they win. That translates into adulthood, where women use a lot of these qualifiers.  I just hope it's not too much trouble. And they use a lot of upspeak. And so I've been in news meetings where gas prices are rising and a female reporter or editor will say, gee, as anybody knows, gas prices are rising. I wonder why that is. A guy will like bang the table and say, we need a story on gas prices. When the woman uses the upspeak I've seen very often, a man in the room will just start explaining to her, like the mansplaining thing. But she's not asking you a question, right? She's making a statement. So it's really understanding the communications differences so that we can actually be better prepared to get along. And I'll mention- No, I need to interrupt your knowledge with my confidence at this stage because we're running out of time. So I might ask you, Gary, for one final 30 second statement and I'll let you have the last word being the woman on the panel. Yeah, maybe just one quick comment on the brain and the hormonal mix that our bodies are very malleable. And so it's also what we're taught. So boys who learn early on to use words for emotion, that we talk to our sons in more use of emotion, we can also change basically how our chemistry works and to the positive. So I think it's important to acknowledge these things exist in our bodies but we're highly malleable if we're raised in different ways. So we can make a better boy. It's called civilization. Yeah, we do know how to do it, right? Education, civilization and humanity. Yes. Yeah. I would just say that look, the number one thing that we can do is make sure that we have men who are engaged in leadership. It is simply not enough for a leader of a company or any organization to offload this onto the HR department or anywhere else. It has to come from the top and it has to set the culture of any organization and that's how we will affect real change. Thank you very much. Thanks for watching. Thanks.


Well gang I made hamburgers yesterday. Craven and these are burgers. This is just lettuce and they got a little mustard there. These are burgers. I tried a new recipe. My mom tried it out and told me and it was a pretty good idea. This is, check this out. So this is ground beef, lean, okay, and I put some with onions, chopped up onions, okay, quinoa, right, cooked up some quinoa, shredded up some sweet potatoes, put some turmeric in here, a little bit of dried dill, okay, an egg, a couple of eggs and four, this is, I made around 28 of these fat burgers, right, with four pounds of ground beef. I didn't weigh the rest, I just did it by feel, right, and I put a little bit of baking soda in there as well to give it the puffiness, right, really good, really good, came out with a little bit of salt of course, right, really good burgers, super yummy, we'll do again, first time chat, peeps, be sheeps, love it.


Hello and welcome to the Monday market update with me David Madden. Today's date is Monday the 28th January 2019 and the time's just gone 1135 GMT. It's been a fairly quiet start to the European session this week equity markets in Europe are broadly speaking a little lower There's still uncertainty about the US-China trade relationship and the two sides are due to meet later on this week but The recent company referred from various Europe's US policy makers and trade representatives suggest that they go up to the two sides remains fairly wide But what's interesting is even though we've we've we've seen largely speaking Slightly negative news in relation to US-China trade relations equity markets over the last number of weeks I've still managed to kind of push higher So when we have had negative news the markets gone down a small bit, but not really a whole lot So it's almost like traders are kind of waiting for Positive news to be announced in relation to US-China trade talk before we can then actually move to the upside because We had a fairly sizable sell-off in November and December a global equity markets We've seen a bounce back since very from late from late December We're now in late January So broadly speaking equity markets around the world I've had a fairly decent bounce back in the last four weeks and they will when we have had Setbacks between Washington DC or Beijing in relation to trade The equity markets have really haven't gone down a whole lot So there isn't much buying sentiment out there, but the same time there is a lot of really negative sentiment out there at At the same time Keep in mind with a fairly dovish update from Mario Draghi of the European Central Bank at the back end of last week They've made it very clear that they're willing to support the eurozone economy in turn and willing to adjust The policy monetary policy if they if they feel the need to so that was an indication that yes We know things are great in the eurozone in terms of economic indicators But we wouldn't do something about it should we see the need to do so and that's all to give again of it Assistance to eurozone equity markets in the last few sessions Today in terms of macro news is the kind of US-China situation is the is the kind of front and center We've had a few corporate stories over the weekend. There's a report that a cattle and Brought dispensers are in talks in relation to having a tie up between the two M&S at the retailer They have a fairly limited Reach in terms of delivery service. It's very in terms. It's very selective Whereas there's there's a report which is not a sign of confirmed But there's report on the less that the two sides are in talks in relation to striking a deal I can't of course have been the kind of online delivery service and the past year or a couple of years I can't have been going around the world striking new partnerships Which you know companies in the UK mainland Europe and also North America so that there's talk that we could have a Deal between them and M&S speaking of the British supermarket sector test goal We're also in the news over the weekend. There's there's a report going around About potential for up to 15,000 job losses The supermarket sector in the UK as a whole has been under a fairly big change In recent years the rise of little an alley the German deep Discounters and also the rise of online shopping has made some retailers Maybe you could have moving to distribution or merger of other companies or look look at very different other avenues of actually making money Or in some cases spend more money online and less money on the high street I'll take a look now and some of the major major markets starting off the FTSE 100 So the FTSE 100 remains in the downward trend that's been in play now for a number of months We can see here the middle of the month the FTSE 100 got up to the kind of 7000 mark But it's been drifting lower since again We can notice here how the low of today's session is managed to drop below the low of Thursday last week So we are heading lower There's been a change from positive momentum to negative momentum on the MacD indicator on the MacD histogram So the market's moving lower. We're seeing an increase in bearish in negative momentum So the bearish more control so we could look at pressing on lower from here And if you do look to push further further south from here We could be looking at any back down towards this area here In around a six thousand six hundred and seventy five and a move below that could bring us back down towards six thousand seven hundred And a move below that could take us back down towards the December low Six thousand five hundred and thirty six and he moves to the upside are like like to run run into resistance Seven thousand it speaks like a logical number. We can see in a few occasions recently the market failed to get above So a break above seven thousand What would bring us back to level is not seen since late November and I could point to it to further gains from there Taking a look on the on the DAX the German market So the DAX has had a fairly decent bounce back since late December. So Take a look at the move higher here in late December has been pushing higher Only on Friday. We saw it back levels not seen since early early Early December so the markets are markets clearly be pushing to the upside positive momentum is not fairly strong So in the near term, we could see further further movement to the upside on the DAX And if you do look to press on higher from here, we could be looking at it up towards the kind of eleven thousand six hundred region or if you draw a trend line between the highs of Of June July and also September granted It doesn't go that there's been some occasions where the market has gone ever so slightly above the trend line But this this trend line here indicates the markets being clearly be pushing lower for many months We are rebalancing but this old trend line with this old trend line resistance may come back into play So if you look to push on higher from here, we could look at heading up towards in a five thousand Sorry eleven thousand five hundred and twenty region or maybe up to eleven thousand six hundred somewhere in around that Bearing in mind the wider wire trend is not very much of the downside So it might be the case that we could run it run into resistance at this trend line before potentially turning over again But in the near term, we could push on higher here potentially another two or three other points from here If the market does manage to turn over on itself yet again keep on out for eleven thousand That's big psychological number and are recently acted as a support only last week And also coincides with the fifth of the moving average and if that metric and a few occasions from last summer did manage to access Resistance so it may act as numerous new support and the below a move below 11,000 could signal that the continuation of the What of the wider downward trend is back in play? I'll take a look now at the US markets starting off with the S&P 500 Similar situation in the US we've opened up the price action of US markets with that of the European markets So on the daily chart starting off if you draw a trend line between the lows of February 2016 and the lows of November 2016 We get this trend line along here We can see in a few occasions Back in October and also in November and a few occasions in December the trend line was well-respected But in mid-December there's a decisive break south of the trend line And as you see here in late November the market then managed to have a sizable bounce back But what do you know? We've pushed higher We've been pushing higher for about a month now on the S&P 500 But we can't see to get back up above that previous trend line So what was acting as trying support back in October and November is not looking at acting and looking as if it's acting Resistance so while we remain south of this trend line the wider The more recent negative trend is like it's more likely to remain and play But if you do actually manage to trade up hold above get above this trend line and close above it and press out higher from there They could be it could be act as support once again So you keep coming off of this region here and we're very close to it The trend line of distance comes into play in around this level. Maybe 2660 2670 this area here is where the The trend line resistance comes into play the high from last week was 77 Our the high from the middle of the month was 2677 So we really need to kind of probably take out 2680 and then hold above it And before we come more confident that the the bounce back is continuing and the market is looking to retest Muddy mom highs if you do manage to move a move beyond that We could be looking at targeting this red line here the turn of the two or two moving average at 2742 and a movie on that might bring in 2800 to play If the market fails to move above the trend line We could try line resistance We could look at a back down towards this blue line here fit today moving average which comes to play 2680 and I move below that could take us back down towards this region here in around the 2532 and then if you go below 2500 that could be a sign that we're looking to turn over ourselves yet again and Looking at the wider downward trend coming back into play I'll take a look now at the Dow Jones and it's a similar ish situation Now if you draw a trend line between the lows of February 2018 And then it loads our runs through the lows of April and also true may we get this trend line here No, I'll have we can see there's a few occasions with the market trading below the trend line By and large it acted as support in both October and November last year But then of course market in about early to mid December at a fairly very sizable sell-off like in the S&P 500 Well At a major sell-off but then since late December at market has been pushing higher and once again We see a similar situation where the market is bounce back But yet it can't seem to actually trade above and hold above that trend line So the old trend line support is not acting as trend line of resistance And it's a similar situation if we fail to get above this trend line We could be looking at turning over ourselves again and head back down towards the 24,000 mark or 23,663 in around here or perhaps even heading back down towards 23,000 but if you managed to actually trade above it and hold above it and looked at a press on higher We could be looking at retest in the 26,000 area So we're pretty much at a fairly crucial area for what the S&P 500 and also the Dow Jones Now Dow theory tells us that the averages must confirm each other So as you can see here about the Dow and the S&P are just below their respective trend line of resistance If both markets fail to reclaim the trend line resistance and hold below the trend line resistance It makes it more likely that both markets will continue to press lower if both markets regain Move above the trend line resistance and push on higher It makes it more likely that both markets will continue to push on from the late December recovery So even if you're just say trading one of those two markets be the Dow or the S&P It's good to keep an eye on what the other one is doing for kind of confirmation of the of the move that you believe that it's in Take a look now at the old side the gold market So gold has managed to print as of as of today about to print a level not seen since June last years mid June last Years we are talking seven month highs The gold market as I began its bounce back in a minute mid Mid-August but really since about mid-November if the market's been in a fairly solid upper trend and my series of higher highs and higher lows Recently it couldn't get above the thirteen hundred mark and I was just about printed above it for pretty much on 1300 or 13 to one at the moment So the market is in very much an upward trend fast over of months if you can press on higher from here We could be looking at targeting 1326 and then I don't think I'll be on that You could be looking at targeting 1335 if the market does manage to drift a bit lower and pull back a bit Support might commit to play in around the in around the the 1290 region or definitely keep an eye on for this area here in around 1276 it act in the kind of 1276 1277 region in around here And recent weeks did act as 30 days in support. So keep an eye on for that But if you do have a break below 1277 we could be looking any back down towards 1265, but it's been in a fairly obvious upward trend now for a couple of months And if you look it back from August, it's been seven months that has been bouncing back I'll take a look now what's going on the oil market. I think I got brain crude So obviously the market kind of like global equities has been has been bouncing back since late December But we can see here that In the recent second in the last week or so to move to the upside of the kind of bounce back is kind of running on steam a bit we're largely moving inside with so The bounce back is still in place So we're well off the lows of December, but notice how the market is really kind of making much more ground It's only kind of rain. It's only kind of hanging a certain rain So if the market is to continue the bounce back We need to be taking up this area here at 63 spot 35 And if you go beyond that we need to take a look at heading towards the mid November high of 68 spot 36 and then we'll be on that might bring the $70 a barrel into play If the market does manage to get a drop back below the 50 day moving average here Which comes to the play at 59 spot 27 We couldn't be looking at any back down towards this region here in 57 spot 50 and the move below that could take us back down towards 55 I'll take a look now at WTI It's a fairly similar situation or by the markets had a decent bounce back since since late December But it's the bounce back is looking as if it's running out a bit of steam So this is the move higher here from that December 26th The markets been pushing higher a decent bounce back But notice how the highs here in January really failed to take out the highs in November Which comes to play at 54 spot 14 and we've just been training in a fairly tight range recently So if the market does manage to kind of run out of steam and I can't take up the November highs We could be looking at a back down towards the $50 a barrel mark and then a move below that They take us back down towards the 47 region And if you go below 47 bucks, we could be looking at retesting the December lows If you can manage to press above 54 spot 14 Keep an eye forward this area here I'm going to get a big November highs in our in around the 58 spot 10 region And then a move beyond that might bring the psychology important 60 bucks a barrel into play Take a look now at the euro versus the US dollar So we saw a lot of volatility on the currency pair last week to be honest in recent in the last Couple of months broadly speaking euro dollar has been going to pushing to the upside There's been obviously it obviously in early January hit a level that's seen since October But then again with the ECB update last week the market did not to be lower again Broadly speaking we can see a few higher highs and higher lows along here So broadly speaking it has been pushing higher and essentially while we remain off the Look at the recent lows of it in around the kind of 113 region We look at we could look at a heading back up towards the 115 115 10 area or the recent high at 115 70 and then if you go beyond that you can be looking heading up towards 116 If you take up the recent lows and have a decent break below 113 You could be looking any back down towards the November lows of once by 1216 I take a look now. It's going to the pound versus the US dollar Once again, Brexit is going to be in play this week. I'll be talking about that When I look at the week ahead in a second, so from basically early early to mid-December onwards with exception of the the night of the kind of The flash crash on the currency markets in early January the market is moving up in a fairly steady upward trend There's optimism a Theresa May's plan B deal is going to is going to Is going to it's going to get passed even though Brussels don't seem to be to in favor of it Which is which is a very important factor and by the time being the pound is in a fairly decent upward trend versus the versus the US dollar if you can hold above This red line here the dirty moving average which comes to the plate just north of the kind of one pound 30 mark We could look at pressing on higher and targeting Well, well essentially level level's not since the summertime in around the 133 so one spot 33 60 region if you click the press on higher from here If you have a size of a break below the 130 mark, we could be looking at a back down towards the one one spot 28 15 area in around here, but I expect volatility is going to be fairly high given a Theresa May Theresa May's Brexit plan B. He's to be to be debated on and voted on this week I'll take a look now at the the week ahead article The weekend article can be found on our platform on a website rather if you go to see some markets calm Under news analysis to find all the various updates myself my colleagues on the analyst team produce and Publish so tomorrow we have the brexit plan B debates So as I was just saying about volatility and starting it is to be expected On Thursday, we have first quarter figures from Apple on Wednesday. We have Fourth quarter figures from Facebook Wednesday, we also have the Fed reserve meeting even though nothing is expected to keep an eye off for the press conference to follow It's likely to be More of a continuation of the recent kind of you know neutral to kind of dovish language Or it is less hawkish than the previous language we've heard from the Fed You deliver have full your figures out on Thursday the as you have half your figures out on Thursday We have Amazon reporting of their for their fourth quarter numbers on Thursday on Friday. We have the Eurozone CPI numbers We also have a raft of you know, manufacturing PMI reports around the globe on Friday, and then also Probably the most important update of the month. We have US down from perils on Friday So please keep an eye out for that If you've any comments to make on this video or any of the other videos we've made here at CMC markets Please feel free to never view and cook reviews, and that's all for this week. Thank you very much