All right, good morning. It is September 16th and this is Senate Health and Welfare. We have a small committee this morning because Appropriations is meeting, but we will go through some of the budget policy language that is in our jurisdiction and so that we can better understand what's there and then perhaps make a recommendation. For those of you who are not here, but out listening and looking in on the committee if anyone is there, we won't be spending the entire morning. We'll work with Katie McClinn and Nolan Langwell and on the budget policy language and then have our short discussion and call it a day. So Katie, thanks for being here. And I know you had said that there were sections of the big bill that contain mental health, embedding in police and some of those issues that we have looked at, also the CCFAP rate information and we will have Commissioner Brown and tomorrow on that so we can talk about whether or not you wanna go through that this morning. So- Okay, I'm working to pull up the document right now. All right, great. Here we go. Okay. Thank you. This is section E314.2 of the budget and this is the language that house healthcare most recently worked on with regard to the proposal that originally had 525,000 going to DPS versus mental health. So as we discussed yesterday, healthcare made the decision to have the funds go to mental health. And as you saw in the memo that that committee wrote, the rationale behind that decision was that mental health crises are a healthcare issue and therefore should be funded through the Department of Mental Health. So you'll see that the money is going to DMH for fiscal year 2021 and that DMH is to collaborate with DPS and other stakeholders, including individuals with lived experience of a mental health condition or psychiatric disability and those whose identities cause them to experience additional marginalization and expanding regional models that strengthen partnerships between law enforcement, mental health and social services through clinical staff positions that address crisis response to mental health emergencies. So that this is what the money is being used for. So we're kind of braiding together response to mental health crises through a law enforcement mental health and social service lens and looking at doing that through clinical staff positions to address crises. The purpose of the program is to- Let me ask a question. Sorry. No, please. I think we should ask questions as we go along because we didn't memorize the memo yet. Thanks for my letters. But my question is this, in the discussion that went on in the house or does this language direct the Department of Mental Health to be responsible for determining which regional programs or how is that being sorted out? Is that something that's happening through the MOU with public safety? Why don't we look at the rest of the language? Okay. That's okay with you. I think that that's good. And then we can, if it's not addressed, remind me again and we can circle back. But I think the rest of the language might help to fill in some of the gaps. So this goes on to say that the purpose is to enhance the statewide response to crisis, reducing involvement of law enforcement when those supports are not necessary for public safety and ensuring strong coordination when those supports are necessary. So again, just a recognition that public safety supports are not always the ideal supports to address the mental health crisis, but there are circumstances when those supports are necessary. And it goes on to say that the purpose of the program is also to improve access to services and supports for mental health needs in the community. And then in subdivision two, it gives some direction that to the extent possible and hiring individuals to carry out the section, DAs and SSAs providing the services shall give priority to qualified individuals with lived experience. So in this section, we learn that it's the DAs and SSAs that are doing the hiring and how they're supposed to prioritize their hiring. In subsection B, this is a status update. So by November 15th of this year, both departments of mental health and public safety together to provide a status report to the Health Reform Committee and Joint Legislative Justice Oversight Committee on plans for implementing the program. And this is what specifically that status update will include. You'll see online 10 subdivision one, this is the MOU. So we don't know exactly what the MOU will look like yet. So this is asking for that on November 15th. What's in the MOU and with the DAs and the SSAs? What does that look like? In subdivision two, the partners and stakeholders involved in planning the program. So who's at the table? In subdivision three, the geographic locations identified for new clinical staff resource coverage. And in subdivision four, the physical location for planned staffing. So if you remember our conversation yesterday in the memo that we went over, there was a recognition in healthcare's memo that this issue of how to address mental health crises is twofold. There needs to be some work moving forward on how to reimagine what the system could look like. And so that is where subsection C comes in. So far, we've been looking at what's happening for this budget cycle. But subsection C kind of turns to the future and asked the Department of Mental Health to coordinate further development of a cohesive statewide approach to mental health emergencies and emergency calls under the leadership of impacted communities in collaboration with the Department of Public Safety, the DAs and SSAs, the Department of Mental Health Standing Committees for adult and children's mental health. And that in doing this, the approach would be consistent with the 10-year vision that this committee received a presentation on earlier in the year. And then there's a report back on March 15th, 2021. The Department is to report on its progress in developing a statewide approach to mental health emergencies and share that with this committee in house health care. Okay. All right, questions, go ahead. I was just gonna say in terms of your question, is there any specificity as to what is in the MOU? There's not a great deal of specificity. It's sort of leaving it up to the Department of Mental Health and all of the stakeholders listed to figure out what the right framework and where the needs are. In terms of specificity, we do know that there's priority given to individuals with mental illness and that we're looking for involvement from a wide range of stakeholders. We're looking to cover geographic locations throughout the state, but besides that, there is a lot of specificity as to the requirements of what the MOU must contain. In some ways, that's probably beneficial to Department of Mental Health and public safety. On the other hand, I don't know. Questions for Katie on this? I'm doing some thinking right now. Any thoughts? Well, it's very... I mean, it's left up to them to really do on the fly, almost, isn't it? That's... But I don't know if... Well, I think, yeah. You know, the thing is that... Right, go ahead. I think that's a good question. The thing is that... Right, go ahead, Senator. Sorry to interrupt. No, I'm sorry. I don't know if we should try to provide more direction or not. I mean, maybe it does need to be done more at the grassroots level as they're seeing what evolves. So when Katie, when you talk about the stakeholders involved in working on the MOU, that is really... The people in charge are DMH and public safety. And then they look to partners and stakeholders to complete their work and to produce an MOU. Is that accurate? The grouping is... It's beyond just DMH and public safety. Sorry, online is 10-11, but their stakeholders, including individuals with lived experience and those whose identities cause them to experience marginalization. So it is casting a wide net to pull in to pull in a bigger group of people than just from the administration and the two departments. Well, as I think about what's actually happening in our municipalities, their municipal government and local police have been very much engaged, but this is more about state police. And so the models that are out there are models that have been developed locally, either between a hospital and a Howard Center or other organization similar like Washington County Mental Health. So those organizations are already working on some collaboration and they have some expertise in how response takes place. Is there anything in here? Well, it does have them scrolled down, I think. It does have them look at current models, right, in the state. No. These are the things that the report back. The report back includes the MOU, partners and stakeholders, geographic locations and physical location for the planned staff. Oh. I mean, for me, it may be that the state police can link in with a current program and that the current program can simply be expanded to cover state police calls in a specific region. So I guess that's the thing I'm thinking about. We already have some ongoing programs and they've been proven to be extremely good and effective. Am I making sense, committee? I mean, do we want to step into this or with some kind of single line about a possible coordination with current programs? That makes sense. I mean, Department of Mental Health further development of a cohesive state. That it talks about a cohesive statewide and impacted communities. That gets to that, Senator Cummings. I think we're stepping into the area of micromanaging. I think that people involved in this work together now, they know they can do this. They don't need us to tell them to look at successful local programs. And I think if we let them work it out on their own, I think we have to trust them at some point. Well, I'm with you on that. My concern is that we don't develop parallel systems all over the state. That's my only concern. And I agree with you that the DMH and public safety are perfectly capable of diving into this. But sometimes things take on a life of their own. And maybe that's the next step, the statewide approach. So the line 18 does say under the leadership of impacted communities. Yeah. So that sort of implies that communities where there are existing programs. Yes. And it will fit in with the Department of Mental Health's 10-year plan. So I'm just trying to make sure we're not leaving something out. I have no interest in doing this work. But I do have an interest in ensuring that what's here is going to won't lead to problems later on. OK. The other question that we probably should answer is going back up to the money, who gets the money and who administers it. And we heard a strong recommendation from Mike Shirling that the public safety needs resources and that they could do the work if they had the resources. But of course, we're a committee on health and welfare. So I lean toward the comments that are here by the Health Care Committee that this is a health care issue and the money should flow through the Department of Mental Health. As the money flows through the Department of Mental Health, Katie, does that do anything to detract from what's available for the program itself? I mean, is it going to take money to administer? Will it take money? Yeah. You're asking if it takes money from an existing program? I'm not the money person. No. No, no, no. No, no. The $525,000 will go for boots on the ground. That's it, right? It'll go. I believe so. I believe it's to hire additional clinical staff. OK. OK. All right. Any questions on that section? I'm asking Senator Cummings and Senator Ingram, do you agree with this iteration that the money should flow through the Department of Mental Health because we're looking at a health care issue? Yeah, I actually feel quite strongly about that. I think that's where the money should go, for sure. Ann, are you OK with that? That's fine. Yeah, OK. I feel that way, too. OK. Senator Lyons? Yes. Is your intent to review this language and make a recommendation to the Appropriations Committee about this? Yes. OK. And did they know you're doing this? Because they're blasting through the budget. I'm sure that they are not. Well, yes. Senator Westman and Senator McCormick should be aware of this. I'm just making sure that everybody's on the same page that there's an understanding. Yeah, well, I'm. Yes, you're right. They'll say, OK, we're going to wait for the recommendation from the committee before we move on this versus they may. They won't. OK. I'm just making sure. Coordinated. Well, thank you. No, thank you for that. I will be in contact with Senator Kitchell. I did not realize that they were meeting this morning. Otherwise, that would have happened yesterday. Well, I'm not sure if they knew they were going to meet this morning. I just know on an accelerated timeline and they're trying to get it out. So I don't know if they knew they were going to be today either. OK. Are we going to be finished this week? Well, so next week is the last week. So in theory, you want to get the budget out this week to give time for a floor and conference and whatever. Well, we have bills that the House has to act on. So if they send us any of our bills back, that would be nice. So I think next week. Yeah, Senator. Excuse me. I just wanted to. That reminds me that I did get an update from our house colleague yesterday about the age 663. They have been told they're not going to. It's not going to the floor in the house. We will not be seeing it. They have been told, apparently, by their leadership that they only want to pass things that are emergency or directly related to COVID. So no contraceptives in the schools or wellness or minstrel products. I've heard that as well. OK. All right. Anything else on Katie, is there anything else in the budget that we should look at? Do you like to look at the CC FAP language or are you doing that with Sarah Penn? I think we are tomorrow. But is there something we can look at? Can you just briefly make us through that? Yeah. Not long. I think we should be able to finish relatively quickly. All right. And that was the health care version. That wasn't the whole, hold on. I'm going to stop share. OK. I'm going to try to correct documents. OK. Take two. So the next section in the budget is E318. And this is the child care provider stabilization grants. And this is 800,000 allocated to expanding infant and toddler capacity. It gives the division of the child development division the authority to award grants to eligible applicants. And then it goes on to define what an eligible applicant is. It can be a new or existing regulated privately owned center-based program or family child care home that's in good standing. The program that participates in CCFAP that provides year-round full day child care and early learning services provides child care and early learning services for infants and toddlers. And the program participates in STARS. And then in subsection C, there's language that center-based programs and family child care homes that receive a grant under this section must remain in compliance with the division's rules, continue participating in STARS, and maintain enrollment of children supported by CCFAP. So once you get the grant, you continue to comport with the eligibility requirements. Next is language pertaining to CCFAP. This states that DCF is to align CCFAP eligibility with the current federal poverty guidelines. And DCF is to align rates of reimbursement for preschool and school-age children participating in CCFAP in fiscal year 2021 with market rates reported on the 2015 Market Rate Survey. So bringing school-age and preschool rates up to the 2015 survey and then maintain rates of reimbursement for infants and toddlers participating in CCFAP in fiscal year 2021, aligned with market rates reported on the 2017 survey. OK, so we're going to hear about this tomorrow. How does this change what we did? I'm trying on the market. I'm trying to remember. I'm trying to remember what the rates were. So this says maintain rates of reimbursement for infants and toddlers to 2017. So that leads me to believe that when That's what we did. Childcare bill last year, you must have done 2017. And the fact that you're moving preschool and children to 2015, it makes me wonder if it was 2014 last year. Don't quote me on that. I have to go back to the bill and see where it changed so many times in so many different versions. I can't remember where the numbers finally landed. Right. I think we've had emails about this. But we'll thank you for looking. Yeah, the emails have to do with the rate surveys done every other year. And so this is asking for an interim market rate survey to see how COVID has affected the market rates.  And there was language and a lot of discussion last year and two years ago about creating a variance for child care providers who have been working for a certain number of years. So this language continues that individuals that are operating or employed in a registered family child care home or as a director or teacher associate at a center-based program for 10 or more years prior to September 1, 2016, this allows the commissioner to issue a variance to the division's rules regarding the education experiential requirements allowed to maintain employment in the same role, regardless of whether the provider, assistant director, teacher associate, and tends to attain otherwise necessary educational requirements. It goes on to have eligibility for the variance. The person has to work continuously in a regulated program with a full license and good standing and meet the division's educational experiential requirements that were in place as of September 1, 2016. And the commissioner has the authority to review any violation occurring in a regulated program where a family child care provider, the child care assistant director or teacher associate is under variance and may revoke the variance granted depending on the seriousness or circumstances of a violation. And any variance granted under the section is to be terminated on July 1, 2024. And extensions cannot be granted beyond that date. And then there's language on general assistance, which I'm not familiar with. So that's the end of the child care. This looks like it looks like it's also related to COVID in some way. Is that true? Yes. OK. I think this is the temporary housing in catastrophic situations for vulnerable populations. So I don't know that that's necessarily COVID related. But it's temporary housing for weather, yeah. OK. I think my guess is that is the language that we've been seeing the past few years in the budget around GA housing. Yeah. OK, I'm going to stop the share. Here we go. All right. Questions for Katie? That's good. We're going to dive into some budget stuff tomorrow. And we're looking at stabilization funding and how that's going. So we'll maybe we'll be able to ask some questions then if we have them on this. OK. Anything else, Senator Ingram? Senator Cummings. Is it your understanding that we'll be able to do H-611 today on the floor? That's the. I sent that email to Senator Ash. And I don't know that I don't know whether I've heard back. I did not hear back late last night. And I haven't looked thoroughly at my email since about seven o'clock this morning. So I don't know. OK. Are you ready? Yeah, so let's sit here tomorrow. So I know that we've got we've got 795 is coming up. I know that we've got the Act 250 bill. And there's another bill, 354, I think, on hazard pay. So we've got those bills. And then depending on Howard Wen's feeling, it would be good to get 611 across to the house, back to the house. They're very anxious to have it. So it's interesting that we've gotten all of our work done on all of their bills and sent them over. We haven't seen one of our bills come back, really. Yes, this is this is something we remark on into an education all the time. Well, you know, it suggests to me that we're going to slow down next time. Anyway, not really. We get our work done. Yeah. All right. Committee, is there anything else that we need to do today? OK. I'm thinking that after tomorrow, our week next week is going to be pretty light unless we see something coming back to us. What I'm going to do is work with Nellie and just schedule some committee time on Wednesday and Thursday. Keep your ears open for Tuesday. We won't schedule anything for Tuesday next. But unless we need to, if there are amendments or things like that that we need to pay attention to. But we'll set a committee schedule for Wednesday and Thursday with committee discussion in place and then see what comes up. And we may or may not meet those days. How's that? And that's how your muted, Senator Cummings. I will only be here for a short while, if that long tomorrow. Tomorrow, we have joint meeting with the House. OK. So you won't miss me. OK. I will miss you greatly. We will miss you. OK. OK. Does that sound good, like a plan? I'm going to suggest this. Nellie, I'm going to suggest that we go off live and that if you and Katie and Nolan can stick around, we'll do a quick agenda planning meeting and then that'll be it. Thank you both.


Section 84 of London Labour and the London Poor Volume 2 by Henry Mayhew. This LibriVox recording is in the public domain. Recording by Gillian Henry. Of the emptying of the London cesspools by pump and hose. Having now ascertained the quantity of wet house refuse annually deposited in the cesspools of the metropolis, the next step is to show the means by which these 15 million cubic feet of cesspoolage are removed, and whence they are conveyed, as well as the condition of the labourers engaged in the business. There are two methods of removing the soil from the tanks. One by pump and hose, or the hydraulic method. Two by shovel and tube, or manual labour. The first of these is the new French mode, and the other the old English method of performing the work. The distinctive feature between the two is that in the one case the refuse is discharged by means of pipes into the sewers, and in the other that it is conveyed by means of carts to some distant nightyard. According to the French method therefore, the cesspoolage ultimately becomes sewage, the refuse being deposited in a cesspool for a greater or a less space of time, and finally discharged into the sewers, so that it is a kind of intermediate process between the cesspool system and the sewer system of defecating a town, being as it were a compound of the two. The great advantage of the sewer system as contradistinguished from the cesspool system of defecation is that it admits of the wet refuse being removed from the neighbourhood of the house as soon as it is produced, while the advantage of the cesspool system as contradistinguished from the sewer system is that it prevents the contamination of the river whence the town draws its principal supply of water. The cesspool system of defecation remedies the main evil of the sewer system, and the sewer system the main evil of the cesspool system. The French mode of emptying cesspools however appears to have the peculiar property of combining the ill effects of both systems without the advantages of either. The refuse of the house not only remains rotting and seething for months under the noses of the household, but it is ultimately, that is, after more than a year's decomposition, washed into the stream from which the inhabitants are supplied with water, and so returned to them diluted in the form of aquapoura for washing, cooking or drinking. The sole benefit accruing from the French mode of nightmanship is that it performs a noisome operation in a comparatively cleanly manner. But surely this is a small compensation for the evil's attendant upon it. The noses of those who prefer stagnant cesspools to rapid sewers cannot be so particularly sensitive that for the sake of avoiding the smell of the nightman's cart, they would rather that its contents should be discharged into the water that they use for household purposes. The hydraulic or pump and hose method of emptying the cesspools is now practised by the court of sewers, who introduced the process into London in the winter of 1847. The apparatus used in this country consists of a hydraulic pump, which is generally placed six or eight feet distant from but sometimes close to the cesspool, indeed on its edge. It is worked by two men just up and down, as one of the labourers described it to me, like a fire engine. A suction pipe with an iron nozzle is placed in the cesspool, into which is first introduced a deodorising fluid in the proportion as well as can be estimated of a pint to a square yard of matter, and diluted with water from the fire plugs. The pipes are of leather, the suction pipes being wrapped with spring iron wire at the joints. India rubber pipes were used and answered very tidy, one of the gangers told me, but they were too expensive, the material being soon worn out. They were only tried five or six months. The pipes now employed differ in no respect of size or appearance from the leather and fire engine pipes, and as the work is always done in the daytime and no smell arises from it, the neighbourhood is often alarmed and people begin to ask where the fire is. One outside man said, why, that's always asked. I've been asked, I, I dare say a hundred times in a day, where's the fire? Where's the fire? A cesspool by this process has been emptied into a sewer at 300 yards distant. The pipe is placed within the nearest gully hole, down which the matter is washed into the sewer. When the cesspool is emptied, it is well sluiced with water. The water is pumped into the sewer and then the work is complete. The pumping is occasionally very hard work, making the shoulders and back ache grievously. Indeed, some cesspools have been found so long neglected and so choked with rags and rubbish, that manual labour had to be resorted to, and the matter dug and tubbed out after the old mode of the nightmare. A square yard of cesspoolage is cleared out under ordinary circumstances in an hour, while an average duration of time for the cleansing of a regularly sized cesspool is from three to four hours. A pneumatic pump with an iron cart drawn by two horses, similar to the French invention, was tried as an experiment but discontinued in a fortnight. For the hydraulic method of emptying cesspools, a gang of four men under the direction of a ganger who makes a fifth is required. The division of labour is as follows. One, the pump men, who, as their name implies, work the engine or pumps. Two, the whole man, who goes into the cesspool and stirs up the matter, so as to make it as fluid as possible. Three, the outside man, whose business it is to attend to the pipe, which reaches from the cesspool, along the surface of the street or other place, to the gully hole. Four, the ganger, who is the superintendent of the hole and is only sometimes present at the operation. He is not unfrequently engaged, while one cesspool is being emptied, in making an examination or any necessary arrangement for the opening of another. He also gives notice, acting under the instruction of the clerk of the works, to the water company of the district, that the pumps will be at work in this or that place, and notice generally given a day in advance. And the water is supplied gratuitously from a street fireplug, and used at discretion. Some cesspool contents requiring three times more water than others to liquefy them sufficient for pumping. The cesspool pumping gangs are six in number, each consisting of five men, although the outside man is sometimes a strong youth of 17 or 18. The whole work is done by a contractor, who makes an agreement with the Court of Sewers, and finds a necessary apparatus, appointing his own labourers. All the present labourers, however, have been selected as trusty men from among the flushermen, the contractor concurring in the recommendation of the clerk of the works, or the inspector. The cesspool sewermen work in six districts, two divisions, east and west, of Westminster, and Holburn, Surrey and Kent, Tower Hamlets, now including Poplar, and the City. The districts vary in size, but there is usually a gang devoted to each. In case of emergency, however, a gang from another district, as among the flushermen, is sent to expedite any pressing work. All the men are paid by the job, the payment being two shillings each per job, to the pump men and whole men, and three shillings to the ganger. But in addition to the two shillings per job, the whole man has six pence a day extra, and the outside man has six pence a day deducted from the four shillings he would earn in two jobs, which is a frequent day's work. The men told me that they had four or four-and-a-half days' work, or eight or nine jobs, every week. But such was the case more particularly when the householders were less cognisant of the work, and did not think of resorting to it. Now I am assured the men's average employment may be put at five days a week, or ten jobs. The perquisites of these workmen are none, except the householder sends them some refreshment on his own accord. There may be a perquisite, but very rarely, occurring to the whole man, should he find anything in the soil, but the finding is far less common than among the nightmen, with whom the process goes through different stages. I did not hear among cesspool surmen of anything being found by them or by their comrades. Of course, when the soil is once absorbed into the pipe, it is unseen on its course of deposit down the gully-hole. The men have no trade societies, and no arrangements of any equivalent nature, no benefit clubs or sick clubs, for which their number indeed is too small, or, as my informants sometimes wound up in a climax, no, nothing that way, sir. They are sober and industrious men, chiefly married and with families. Into further statistics, however, of diet, rent and so on, I need not enter concerning so small a body. They are the same as among other well-conducted labourers. The men find their own dresses, which are of the same cost, form and material, as I have described to pertain to the flishermen. Also their own picks and shovels, costing respectively two shelling sixpence and two shelling thruppence each. One cesspool surmen told me that, when he was first a member of one of those gangs, he was awful abused by the regular nightmen, if he came across any of them, as was beary poor fellows. But that had all passed over now. The total sum paid to the six gangs of labourers in the course of the year would, at the rate of ten cesspools emptied per week, amount to the following. Twelve pumpmen, ten jobs a week each, twenty shelling per week, or fifty-two pounds per year each, yearly total six hundred and twenty-four pounds. Six wholemen, ditto ditto, with two shelling sixpence a week extra, yearly total three hundred and fifty-one pounds. Six outside men, twenty shelling a week, less by sixpence a day, or two shelling sixpence a week, forty-five pounds ten shelling a year, yearly total two hundred and ninety-six pounds. Six gangers, thirty shelling a week each, or eight pounds per year, yearly total four hundred and sixty-eight pounds. Yearly total of all, one thousand seven hundred and thirty-nine pounds. Any householder and so on who applies to the court of sewers, or to any officer of the court whom he may know, as is cesspool cleansed by the hydraulic method, in the same way as he might employ any tradesman to do any description of work, proper to his calling. The charge by the court of sewers is five shelling's or six shelling's per square yard, according to pipage and so on required. A cesspool emptied by this system costs from twenty shelling's to thirty shelling's. The charges of the nightmen who have to employ horses and so on are necessarily higher. Estimating that throughout London sixty cesspools are emptied by the hydraulic method every week, or three thousand one hundred and twenty every year, and the charge for each to be on an average twenty-five shelling's. We have for the gross receipts three thousand one hundred and twenty times twenty-five shelling's equal to three thousand nine hundred pounds. And deducting from this the sum paid for labour one thousand seven hundred and thirty-nine pounds. It shows a profit of two thousand one hundred and sixty-one pounds. This is upwards of one hundred and twenty-three percent, but out of this interest on capital and where in tear of machinery have to be paid. During the year eighteen fifty-one, I'm credibly informed that as many as three thousand sewers were emptied by the hydraulic process, and calculating each to have contained the average quantity of refuse, namely five tons or loads, or about one hundred and eighty cubic feet. We have an aggregate of five hundred and forty thousand cubic feet of cesspoolage ultimately carried off by the sewers. This however is only a twenty-seventh of the entire quantity. The sum paid in wages to the men engaged in emptying these three thousand cesspools by the hydraulic process would at the rate of two shelling's per man to the four members of the gang and three shelling's to the ganger or eleven shelling's in all for each cesspool amount to one thousand six hundred and fifty pounds which is one hundred and thirty-nine pounds and two hundred and fifty cesspools less than the amount above given. Statement of a cesspool surman I gave the following brief and characteristic statement which is peculiar in showing the habitual restlessness of the mere labourer. My informant was a stout, hail-looking man who had rarely known illness. All these sort of labourers, nightmen included, scout the notion of the cholera attacking them. Work, sir? Well, I think I do know what work is and has known it since I was a child and then I was set to help at the weaving. My friends were weavers at Norwich and 26 years ago until steam pulled working men down from being well paid and well off it was a capital trade. Why, my father could sometimes earn three pounds at his work as a working weaver. There was money for ever then. Now, twelve shillings a week is I believe the tip-top earnings of his trade. But I didn't like the confinement or the close air in the factories and so when I grew big enough I went to groundwork in the city. Note, so he frequently called Norwich. End note. I call groundwork such as digging drains and the like. Then I listed into the marines. Oh, I hardly know what made me. Men does foolish things and don't know why. It's human nature. I'm sure it wasn't the bounty of three pounds that tempted me, for I was doing middling and sometimes had night work as well as groundwork to do. I was then sent to Sheerness and put on board the thunderer, Man of War carrying 84 guns as a marine. She sailed through the straits. Note, off Gibraltar. End note. And was three years and three months at the Dardanelles and cruising among the islands. I never saw anything like such fortifications as at the Dardanelles. While there was mortars there as would throw a ton weight. No, I never heard of there having been fired. Yes, we sometimes got leave for a party to go ashore on one of the islands. They called them Greek islands but I fancy as how it was Turks near the Dardanelles. Oh yes, the men on the islands was civil enough to us. They spoke to them. The sailors sometimes, and indeed a lot of us, would have bits of larks with them laughing at them and taking sights at them and such like. Why, I've seen a fine-dressed Turk one of their grand gentlemen there when a couple of sailors has each been taking a sight at him and dancing the shuffle along with it make each of them a low bow as solemn as could be. Perhaps he thought it was a way of being civil in our country. He was stuck over with so many knives and cuplesses and belts and pistols and things that he looked like a cutler shop window. We were ordered home at last and after being some months in barracks which I didn't relish at all we're paint off at Plymouth. Oh, a barrack lives anything but pleasant but I've done with it. After that I was eight years and a quarter a gentleman servant, coachman or anything. Not in Norwich, end note. I was tired of that and came to London and got to ground and knew sewer work and have been on the sewers above five years. Yes, I prefer the sewers to the Greek islands. I was one of the first set as worked a pump. There was a great many spectators I dare say as there was 40 skiantific gentlemen. I've been on the sewers flushing and pumping ever since. The houses we clean out all says it's far the best plan ours is. Never no more nightmen they say. You see sir, our plans far less trouble to the people in the house and there's no smell. At least I never found no smell and it's cheap too. In time the nightmen will disappear. Of course they must. There's so many new dodges comes up. Always some one of the working classes is being ruined. If it ain't steam it's something else as knocks the bread out of their mouths quite as quick. Of the present disposal of the night soil. It would appear, according to the previous calculations, that of the 15 million cubic feet of house refuse annually deposited in the cesspools of the metropolis, about 500,000 cubic feet are pumped by the French process into the sewers. Consequently there still remains about 14,500,000 cubic feet or about 404,000 loads to be disposed of by other means. I shall now proceed to explain how the cesspoolage proper that is to say that the cartridges removed by cartage rather than by being discharged into the sewers, this ultimately got rid off. Until about 20 months ago when the new sanitary regulations concerning the disposal of night soil came into operation the cesspool matter was shot into a nightyard, generally also a dust yard. These were the yards of the parish contractors and were situated in Midden Lane Paddington and so on and so on. Any sweeper or any nightman was permitted by the proprietor of one of these places to deposit his night soil there. For this the depositor received no payment, the privilege of having a shoot being accounted sufficient. There were till within these six or eight years I was informed 60 places where cesspool manure could be shot. These included the nightman's yards and the wharfs of manure dealers some of the small coasting vessels taking it as ballast. But as regards the cesspool filth there are now none of these places of deposit, though some little I was told might be done by stealth. Of one of these nightyard factories Dr. Gavin gave in 1848 the following account. Quote on the western side of Spittlefield's workhouse and entering from a street called Queen Street is a nightman's yard, a heap of dung and refuse of every description about the size of a tolerably large house lies piled to the left of the yard. To the right is an artificial pond into which the contents of cesspools are thrown. The contents are allowed to desiccate in the open air and they are frequently stirred for that purpose. The odour which was given off when the contents were raked up to give me an assurance that there was nothing so very bad in the alleged nuisance drove me from the place at most speed. On two sides of this horrid collection of experimental matter was a patent manure manufactory. To the right in this yard was a large accumulation of dung and so on but to the left there was an extensive layer of a compost of blood ashes and nitric acid which gave out the most horrid offensive and disgusting concentration of putrescent odours it has ever been my lot to be the victim of. The whole place presented a most foul and filthy aspect and an example of the enormous outrages which are perpetrated in London against society. It is a curious fact that the parties who had charge of these two premises were each dead to the foulness of their own most pestilential nuisances. The nightman's servant accused the premises of the manure manufacturer as the source of perpetual foul smells but thought his yard free from any particular cause of complaint. While the servant of the patent manure manufacturer diligently and earnestly asserted the perfect freedom of his master's yard from foul exhalations but considered that the raking up of the drying night soil on the other side of the wall was quite awful and enough to kill anybody. Immediately adjoining the patent manure manufactory is the establishment of a bottle merchant he complained to me in the strongest terms of the expenses and he had been put to, through the emanations which floated in the atmosphere having caused his bottles to spoil the wine which was placed in such as had not been very recently washed. He was compelled frequently to change his straw and frequently to wash his bottles and considered that unless the nuisances could be suppressed he would be compelled to leave his present premises. This and similar places were suppressed soon after the passing of the sanitary measures of September 1848. The cesspool refuse which was disposed of for manure was at that time first shot into recesses in the nightyard where it was mixed with exhausted hops procured from the brew houses which were said to absorb the liquid portions when stirred up with the matter and to add not only to the consistency of the mass but to its reddier portability for land manure or for storage in a barge. It was also mixed with littered straw from the muse and with stable manure generally. An old man who had worked many years he did not know how many in one of these yards told me that when this night soil was fresh shot and first mixed the stench was often dreadful. How we stood it he said I don't know but we did stand it. In one of the night and dust yards I ascertained that as many as fifty loads half of them wagon loads have been shot from the proprietors own carts and from the carts of the nightmen using the yard in one morning but the average shoot was about ten loads half a wagon a day for six days in the week. Of the mode of manufacture of this manure a full account has been given in the details of the cesspool system of Paris for the process was the same in London although on a much smaller scale and indeed the manufacture here was chiefly in the hands of Frenchmen. The manure was after it had been deposited for periods varying from one month to five or six. Sold to farmers and gardeners and from four shillings to five shillings the cart load although four shillings I was informed might have been the general average. The cesspool matter considered per se was not worth of late years I am told above two shillings a ton or a load which is sometimes rather more and sometimes less than a ton. It was when mixed that the price was four shillings to five shillings a ton. This cesspool filth was shot on the premises of the manufacturer gratuitously as it was in any of the nightyards. It was not until it had been kept some time and had been mixed generally with other manures and sometimes with road sweepings that this manure was used in gardens for it was said that if this had not been done its amniacal vapours would have been absorbed and retained by the leaves of the fruit trees. This night soil manure was devoted to two purposes. To the manufacture of deodorized and portable manure for exportation chiefly to our sugar growing colonies and to the fertilization of the land around London. When manufactured into manure it was shipped in new casks generally the manure casks of the outward village being transformed into the brown sugar casks of the homeward bound vessels. I was told by a seaman who some years ago sailed to the West Indies that these manure casks in damp weather gave out an unpleasant odor. It was only to the home cultivators who resided at no great distance from a nightyard from five to six miles or a little more that this manure was sold to be carted away. Their attendance at the markets cart wagons and horses giving them facilities of conveying the manure at a cheap rate. But upwards of three fourths of the whole was sent in barges into the more distant country parts having a ready water communication either by the Thames or by Canal. The purchaser nearer home conveyed it away in his own cart and with his own horses which had perhaps come up to town laden with cabbages to Covent Garden or hay to Cumberland Market the cart being made watertight for the purpose. The legal hours to be observed in the cleansing of cesspools and the transport of the contents upon such cleansing not being required to be observed in this second transport of the cesspool manure it was carted away at any hour as stable dumb now is. It is not possible at the present time when nightyards are no longer permitted to exist in London and the manufacture of the nightsoil is consequently suppressed to ascertain the precise quantities disposed of commercially in a former state of things. The money returns to the master nightman for the manure he now collects need no figures. The law requires him to refrain from shooting this soil in his own yard or in any inhabited part of the metropolis and it is shot on the nearest farm to which he has access merely for the privilege of shooting it the farmer paying nothing for the deposit with which he does what he pleases it is mixed with other refus I was told at present and kept as compost or used on the land but the change is too recent for the establishment of any systematic traffic in the article of the working nightman and the mode of work Night work by the provisions of the police act is not to be commenced before 12 at night nor continued beyond 5 in the morning winter and summer alike this regulation is known among the nightman as the legal hours and tens in a measure to account for the heterogeneous class of laborers who still seek night work for strong men think little of devoting a part of the night as well as the working hours of the day to toil a rubbish Carter a very powerfully built man told me he was partial to night work and always looked out for it even when in daily supply as it was sometimes like found money the scavengers sweeps dustman and laborers known as ground workers are anxious to obtain night work when out of regular employment and 10 years or more since it was often unavailable and remunerative resource night work is then essentially and perhaps necessarily extra work rather than a distinct calling followed by a separate class of workers the majority of nightman are scavengers or dustman or chimney sweepers or rubbish carters or pipe players or ground workers or coal porters, carmen or stablemen or men working for the market gardeners around London all either in or out of employment perhaps there is not at the present time in the whole metropolis a working nightman who is solely a working nightman it is almost the same with the master nightman namely master chimney sweepers, scavengers rubbish carters and builders some of the contractors for the public street scavengery and the house dustman emptying are or have been among the largest employers of nightman but only in their individual trading capacity for they have no contracts with the parishes concerning the emptying of cesspools indeed the parish or district corporations have nothing to do with the matter I have already shown that among the best patronised master nightman are now the commissioners of the court of sewers for how long a period of the master and working chimney sweepers and scavengers have been the master and labouring nightman I am unable to discover but it may be reasonable to assume that this connection as a matter of trade existed in the metropolis at the commencement of the 18th century the police of Paris as I have shown have full control of the cesspool cleansing but the police of London are instructed merely to prevent night work being carried on at a later or earlier period than the legal hours still a few minutes either way are not regarded and the legal hours I am told are almost always adhered to night work is carried on and has been so carried on within the memory of the oldest men in the trade who had never heard their predecessors speak of any other after this method a gang of four men exclusive of those who have the care of the horses and who drive the night carts to and from the scenes of the men's labour at the cesspools are set to work the labour of the gang is divided though not with any individual or a special strictness as follows one the whole man who goes into the cesspool and fills the tub two the rope man who raises the tub three the tub men of whom there are two who carry away the tub when raised and empty it into the cart the mode of work may be thus briefly described within a foot or even less sometimes though often as much as three feet below the surface of the ground when the cesspool is away from the house is what is called the main hole this is the opening of the cesspool and is covered with flagstones removable wholly or partially by means of the pickaxe if the cesspool be immediately under the privy the flooring and so on is displaced should the soil be near enough to the surface the tub is dipped into it drawn out the filth scraped from its exterior with a shovel or swept off with a beesung or washed off by water flung against it with sufficient force this done the tub men insert the pole through the handles of the tub and put it on their shoulders to the cart the mode of carriage and the form of the tub have been already shown in an illustration which I was assured by a nightman who had seen it in a shop window for he could not read was as natural as life, tub and all thus far the rope men and the hole men generally aid in filling the tub but as the soil becomes lower the vessel is let down and drawn up full by the rope men still a ladder is usually planted inside the cesspool the hole men who is generally the strongest person in the gang descends shovels the tub full having stirred up the refuse to listen it and the contents being drawn up by the rope men are carried away as before described the labour is sometimes severe the tub when filled though it is never quite filled weighs rarely less than 8 stone and sometimes more at that you see sir a nightman said to me depends on the nature of the soil beer and bread and cheese are given to the nightman and frequently gin while at their work but as the bestowl of the spirit is voluntary some householders from motives of economy or from being real or pretended members or admirers of the total abstinence principles refuse to give any strong liquor and in that case in addition to withhold the drink being on beforehand the employers sometimes supply the men with a glass or two and the men when nothing better can be done club their own money and send to some nighthouse often at a distance to purchase a small quantity on their own account one master nightman said he thought his men worked best indeed he was sure of it with a drop to keep them up another thought it did them neither good nor harm both these informants were themselves temperate men one rarely tasting spirits it is commonly enough said that if the nightman have no allowance they will work neither as quickly nor as carefully as if accorded the customer gin perquisite one man certainly a very strong active person whose services were quickness in the work was indispensable might be valuable and he had work as a rubbish quarter also told me that he for one would not work for any man at night work if there was not a fair allowance of drink to keep up his strength and he knew others of the same mind am I asking him what he considered a fair allowance he told me that at least a bottle of gin among the gang of four was looked for and mostly had over a gentleman cesspool and little enough too the man said among four of us what it holds public house gin is uncertain for you must know sir that some bottles had great kicks at their bottoms but I should say that there's been a bottle of gin drunk at the clearing of every two I and more than every two out of three cesspools emptied in London and now that I come to think in it I should say that's been the case with three out of every four some master nightman and more especially the sweeper nightman work at the cesspools themselves although many of them are men well to do in the world one master I met with who had the reputation of being warm spoke of his own manual labour in shuffling filth in the same self complacent tone that we may imagine might be used by a grocer worth his plum who quietly intimates that he will serve a washer woman with her half ounce of tea and wait for her himself as politely as he would serve a duchess for he wasn't above his business neither was the nightman on one occasion I went to see a gang of nightman at work large horn lanterns for the night was dark though it intervals the stars shone brilliantly were placed at the edges of the cesspool two poles also were temporarily fixed in the ground to which lanterns were hung but this is not always the case the work went rapidly on with little noise and no confusion the scene was peculiar enough the artificial light shining into the dark filthy looking cavern or cesspool through the adjacent houses into a deep shade all around was perfectly still and there was not an incident to interrupt the labour except that at one time the window of a neighbouring house was thrown up a nightcapped head was protruded and then down was bound to the sash with an impatient curse it appeared as if a gentleman slumber had been disturbed though the nightman laughed and declared it was a ladies voice the smell although the air was frosty was for some little time perhaps ten minutes literally sickening after that period the chief sensation experienced was a slight headache the unpleasantness of the order still continuing though without any sickening effect the nightman however pronounced the stench nothing at all and one even declared it was refreshing the cesspool in this case was so situated that the cart or rather wagon could be placed about three yards from its edge sometimes however the soil has to be carried through a garden and through the house to the excessive annoyance of the inmates the nightman whom I saw evidently enjoyed a bottle of gin which had been provided for them by the master of the house as well as some bread and cheese and two pots of beer when the wagon was full two horses were brought from a stable on the premises an arrangement which can only be occasionally carried out and yoked to the vehicle which was at once driven away a smaller cart and one horse being used to carry off the residue end of section 84 section 85 of London Labour and the London poor volume 2 by Henry Mayhew this LibriVox recording is in the public domain recording by Gillian Henry table showing the number of master's sweeps, dust and other contractors and master bricklayers throughout the metropolis engaged in night work as well as the number of cesspools emptied and quantity of soil collected yearly also the price paid to each operative per load or per night and the total amount annually paid to the master nightman part 1 Readers note the following table gives the names of the sweeps employed as nightman organized by area the number of cesspools emptied during the year, the quantity of night soil collected annually the number of operative nightman employed to empty each cesspool the total number of times the working nightman are employed during the year the sum paid to each operative nightman engaged in removing soil from cesspools the total amount paid to the operative nightman during the year and the total amount paid to master nightman during the year for emptying cesspools at 10 shillings per load and readers note number of cesspools emptied during the year in Kensington by herd 8 by Francis 12 by Russell 8 by Howe 20 in Chelsea by Burns 12 by Clements 10 by Shepard 14 by Nye 16 by Haddox 20 by Ulbrooke 30 in Westminster by Peacock 60 by Riley 40 by White 20 by Ramsbottom 12 by Ness 12 by Porter 10 by Edwards 8 by Andrews 8 by Foreman 10 in St Martins by Wakefield 8 6 by Templeton 10 by Pierce 10 in Marlebone by Effery 12 by Brigham 10 by Ballard 8 by Pottel 25 by Shadwick 20 by Wilson 20 by Lewis 10 by Cuss 30 by Wood 20 in Paddington by Prichard 20 by Randall 25 by Brown 10 by Davis 8 by Rickwood 8 by Elkins 6 in Hampstead by Cippin 8 by Borden 8 in Islington by Hughes 25 by Bowen 20 by Chilcott 25 by Baker 12 in St Pancras by Burroughs 20 by Justo 8 by Neil 8 by Robinson 12 by Marriage 20 by Hall 20 by Jenkins 12 by Steele 4 by Lake 60 by Hewlett 10 by Snell 10 by MacDonald 30 in Hackney by Mason 20 by Clark 12 by Starkey 25 by Attwell 20 by Brown 12 in St Giles's and St George's Bloomsbury by Stor 20 by Eldridge 8 by Davis 10 by Francis 10 by Tiny 12 by Johnson 8 by Tynesie 8 by Randall 4 by Day 60 in Strand by Catlin 10 by Richards 8 by Hutchins 8 by Barker 4 in Hoburn by Duck 30 by Eagle 20 by Davis 30 by Brown 20 by Day 12 by Hawkins 8 by Grant 8 in St Luke's by Brown 20 by Molly 20 by Stevens 12 by Badger 8 by Lewis 8 in East London by Crozier 30 by James 20 by Dawson 8 by Newell 20 by Clark 20 by Watson 12 by Desater 12 in London City by Tyler and Tyso 30 by Burgess 20 by Wilson 20 by Potter 10 by Wright 8 in Shore Ditch by Wells 20 by Whittle 20 by Collins 15 by Crue 12 by Atwood 12 by Crosby 8 by Mull 12 by Darby 20 by Hall 20 in Whitechapel by Collins 12 by Brazier 10 by Harrison 20 by Harris 16 by Mance 8 in St George in the East Whitehead 20 by Rotten 20 by Rotham 20 by Harewood 20 in Bermondsy by Simpson 15 by Wilkinson 12 by Goring 10 by Lively 8 by Stone 9 by Ward 6 in Walworth and Newington by Kingsbury 6 by Gooch 4 by Wells 15 by Wilkes 12 by James 10 by Morgan 8 by Crony 8 by Tuff 20 by Hillingsworth 12 by Smith 10 by Field 8 in Poplar by Weaver 18 by Strossen 12 by Collauder 8 by Ward 10 in St. Olives in Saviors and St. George's by Vines 12 by Humphrey 15 by Young 10 by James 12 by Penn 10 by Alcorn 12 by Fisher 12 by Good 10 by Smith 8 by Roberts 8 by Pilkington 9 by Lindsay 6 by Daycock 6 by Molton 4 in Lambeth by Roberts 25 by Holland 12 by Ballard 12 by Brown 8 by Mills 10 in Christchurch Lambeth by Plummer 18 by Steers 12 by Claire 10 by Garlic 8 by Hudson 6 by Jones 4 in Wandsworth and Battersea by Foreman 15 by Smith 10 by Giles 8 by Davis 6 by Flushman 4 in Rutherith by Shelly 6 by Greenwich and Dettford by Manning 30 by Vines 20 by Roseworthy 20 by Tyler 12 by Munchen 12 in Woolwich by Pierce 30 by Fidman 12 by Sims 12 by Smithers 12 by Rook 8 by James 8 in Lewisham by Ridgway 20 by Binney 10 by Riley, 240. White, 120. Ramsbottom, 72. Ness, 72. Porter, 60. Edwards, 48. Andrews, 48. Foreman, 60. In St. Martins, Wakefield, 48. Waitley, 36. Templeton, 60. Pierce, 60. Marlebone, every, 72. Brigham, 60. Ballard, 48. Pottle, 150. Shadwick, 120. Wilson, 120. Lewis, 60. Cuss, 180. Wood, 120. Paddington, Prichard, 120. Randall, 150. Brown, 60. Lamb, 120. Bolton, 60. Davis, 48. Rickwood, 48. Elkins, 36. Hampstead, Cippin, 48. Bowden, 48. Islington, Hughes, 150. Boven, 120. Chilcutt, 150. Baker, 72. St. Pancras, Burroughs, 120. Justo, 48. Neal, 48. Robinson, 72. Marriage, 120. Rose, 72. Hall, 120. Jenkins, 72. Steel, 24. Lake, 360. Hewlett, 60. Snell, 60. MacDonald, 180. In Hackney, Mason, 120. Clark, 72. Starkey, 150. Attawell, 120. Brown, 72. In St Giles's and St George's, Bloomsbury. Store, 120. Richards, 120. Norris, 72. Eldridge, 48. Davis, 60. Francis, 60. Tiny, 72. Johnson, 48. Tynesie, 48. Randall, 24. Day, 360. Strand, Catlin, 60. Richards, 48. Hutchins, 48. Barker, 24. Hoburn, Duck, 180. Eagle, 120. Froome, 72. Smith, 72. Clarkinwell, Davis, 180. Brown, 120. Day, 72. Hawkins, 48. Grant, 48. In St. Luke's, Brown, 120. Molly, 120. Stevens, 72. Badger, 48. Lewis, 48. In East London, Grozier, 180. James, 120. Dawson, 48. Newell, 120. Lumley, 48. Harvey, 36. In West London, Raymond, 120. Clark, 120. Watson, 72. Desater, 72. London City, Tyler and Tiso, 180. Burgess, 120. Wilson, 120. Potter, 60. Wright, 48. Ensure Ditch, Wells, 120. Whittle, 120. Collins, 90. Crue, 72. Atwood, 72. Conroy, 60. Pucey, 36. In Bethnal Green, Pedrick, 48. Crosby, 48. Moll, 72. Derby, 120. Hall, 120. In Whitechapel, Collins, 72. Brazier, 60. Harrison, 120. Harris, 96. Mance, 48. St. George's, in the East. Whitehead, 120. Rotten, 120. Rotham, 120. Harewood, 120. Rothhorn, 150. Darling, 120. Jones, 90. Johnson, 72. Bermondsey, Simpson, 90. Wilkinson, 72. Goring, 60. Lively, 48. Stone, 54. Ward, 36. Wilworth and Newington, Kingsbury, 36. Gooch, 24. Wells, 90. Wilkes, 72. James, 60. Morgan, 48. Crony, 48. Holmes, 48. In Stepney, Newell, 60. Fleming, 120. Tough, 120. 72. Smith, 60. Field, 48. In Poplar, Weaver, 108. Strossan, 72. Collauder, 48. Ward, 60. St. Olive, St. Saviours, and St. George's, Sunnark. Vines, 72. Humphrey, 90. Young, 60. James, 72. Penn, 60. Holiday, 48. Muggeridge, 90. Allcorn, 72. Fisher, 72. Good, 60. Smith, 48. Roberts, 48. Pilkington, 54. Lindsay, 36. Daycock, 36. Malton, 24. In Lambeth, Roberts, 150. Holland, 72. Ballard, 72. Brown, 48. Mills, 60. Giles, 36. Spooner, 36. Green, 24. Barnum, 24. Price, 24. Christchurch, Lambeth, Plummer, 108. Steers, 72. Claire, 60. Garlic, 48. Hudson, 36. Jones, 24. Onesworth and Battersea, Foreman, 90. Smith, 60. Giles, 48. Davis, 36. Flushman, 24. Rutherith, Shelley, 36. Richardson, 120. Norris, 48. Smith, 72. Dyer, 48. Greenwich and Detford, Manning, 180. Vines, 120. Roseworthy, 120. Tyler, 72. Munchen, 72. Woolwich, Pierce, 180. Fidderman, 72. Sims, 72. Smithers, 72. Rook, 48. James, 48. Lewisham, Ridgeway, 120. Blinney, 60. Total, 14,960 loads. Number of operative nightmare employed to empty each cesspool. In Kensington, Herd, 3. Francis, 4. Russell, 3. Howe, 4. In Chelsea, Burns, 3. Clements, 3. Groves, 3. Clayton, 3. Shepard, 4. Nye, 3. Haddux, 3. Albrook, 4. In Westminster, Peacock, 4. Riley, 4. White, 3. Ramsbottom, 3. Ness, 3. Porter, 3. Edwards, 3. Andrews, 3. Foreman, 3. In St. Martins, Wakefield, Whitely, Templeton, Pierce, all 3. In Marlebone, every 3. Brigham, 3. Ballard, 3. Pottle, 4. Shadwick, 3. Wilson, 3. Lewis, 3. Cuss, 4. Wood, 3. In Paddington, Pritchard, Randal, Brown, Lamb, Bolton, Davis, Rickwood, Elkins, all 3. In Hampstead, Kippen, 3. Bowden, 3. In Islington, Hughes, Bowen, Chilcutt, Baker, all 3. St. Pancras, Burroughs, Justo, Neil, Robinson, Marge, Rose, Hall, Jenkins, Steele, all 3. Lake, 4. Hewlett, 3. Snell, 3. Macdonald, 4. In Hackney, Mason, 3. Clark, 3. Starkey, 4. Attawell, 4. Brown, 3. In St. Gileses and St. George's, Bloomsbury, Stor, Richards, Norris, Eldridge, Davis, Francis, Tiny, Johnson, Tynes, Randal, all 3. Day, 4. In Strand, Katelyn, Richards, Hutchins, Barker, all 3. In Hoburn, Duck, 4. Eagle, 4. Froome, 3. Smith, 3. In Clarkingwell, Davis, 3. Brown, 4. Day, 3. Hawkins, 3. Grant, 3. In St. Luke's, Brown, 4. Molly, 4. Stevens, 3. Badger, 3. Lewis, 3. In East London, Crozier, 4. James, 4. Dawson, 3. Newell, 4. Lumley, 3. Harvey, 3. In West London, Raymond, 4. Clark, 4. Watson, 3. DeSatter, 3. In London City, Tyler and Tyso, 4. Burgess, 4. Wilson, 4. Potter, 3. Wright, 3. In Shoreditch, Wells, 4. Whittle, 4. Collins, 3. Crew, 3. Atwood, 3. Conroy, 3. Pusey, 3. In Bethnoe, Green, Pedrick, 3. Crosby, 3. Mull, 3. Derby, 4. Hall, 4. In Whitechapel, Collins, Brazier, Harrison, Paris, Mance, all 3. In St. George's in the East, Whitehead, 4. Rotten, 4. Rotham, 4. Herewood, 3. Rothhorn, 4. Darling, 4. Jones, 3. Johnson, 3. Bermondsey, Simpson, Wilkinson, Goring, Lively, Stone, Ward, all 3. Walworth and Newington, Kingsbury, Gooch, Wells, Wilkes, James, Morgan, Crony, Holmes, all 3. Stepney, Newell, Fleming, Tough, Hillingsworth, Smith, Field, all 3. Poplar, Weaver, Strossen, Collauder, Ward, all 3. St. Olives, St. Saviours and St. George's, Southwark. Vines, Humphrey, Young, James, Penn, Holiday, McGurridge, Elkhorn, Fisher, Good, Smith, Roberts, Pilkington, Lindsay, Daycock, Molton, all 3. Lambeth, Roberts, 4. Holland, 3. Ballard, 3. Brown, 3. Mills, 3. Giles, 3. Spinner, 3. Green, 3. Barnum, 3. Price, 3. Christchurch, Lambeth, Plummer, Steers, Clare, Garlic, Hudson, Jones, all 3. Wandsworth and Battersea, Foreman, Smith, Giles, Davis, Flushman, all 3. Rotherith, Shelley, 3. Richardson, 4. Norris, 3. Smith, 3. Dyer, 3. Greenwich and Etford, Manning, 4. Bines, 4. Rosworthy, 4. Tyler, 3. Munchin, 3. Woolwich, Pierce, 4. Fidderman, 3. Sims, 3. Smithers, 3. Rook, 3. James, 3. Lewisham, Ridgeway, 4. Binney, 3. Total, 3 and 4. Total number of times the working-nightmen are employed during the year. Kensington, Hurd, 24. Francis, 48. Russell, 24. Howe, 80. Chelsea, Burns, 36. Clements, 30. Groves, 54. Clayton, 60. Shepherd, 56. Nye, 48. Hadducks, 60. Albrook, 120. Westminster, Peacock, 240. Riley, 160. White, 60. Ramsbottom, 36. Ness, 36. Porter, 30. Edwards, 24. Andrews, 24. Foreman, 30. St. Martin's, Wakefield, 24. Waitley, 18. Templeton, 30. Pierce, 30. Merlebone, Effery, 36. Brigham, 30. Ballard, 24. Pottle, 100. Shadwick, 60. Wilson, 60. Lewis, 30. Cuss, 120. Wood, 60. Paddington, Prichard, 60. Randall, 75. Brown, 30. Lamb, 60. Bolton, 30. Davis, 24. Rickwood, 24. Elkins, 18. Hampstead, Kippen, 24. Bowden, 24. Islington, Hughes, 75. Bowvin, 60. Chilcutt, 75. Baker, 36. St. Pancras, Burrows, 60. Justo, 24. Neal, 24. Robinson, 36. Marge, 60. Rose, 36. Hall, 60. Jenkins, 36. Steel, 12. Lake, 240. Hewlett, 30. Snell, 30. McDonald, 120. Hackney, Mason, 60. Clark, 36. Starkey, 100. Attawell, 80. Brown, 36. St. Giles and St. George's, Bloomsbury. Stor, 60. Richards, 60. Norris, 36. Eldridge, 24. Davis, 30. Francis, 30. Tiny, 36. Johnson, 24. Tainzy, 24. Randall, 12. Day, 240. Strand, Catlin, 30. Richards, 24. Hutchins, 24. Barker, 12. Hoburn, Duck, 120. Eagle, 80. Froome, 36. Smith, 36. Clarkinwell, Davis, 90. Brown, 80. Day, 36. Hawkins, 24. Grant, 24. St. Luke's, Brown, 80. Molly, 80. Stevens, 36. Badger, 24. Lewis, 24. East London, Crozier, 120. James, 80. Dawson, 24. Newell, 80. Lumley, 24. Harvey, 18. West London, Raymond, 80. Clark, 80. Watson, 36. Desatter, 36. London City, Tyler and Taiso, 120. Burgess, 80. Wilson, 80. Potter, 30. Wright, 24. Shoreditch, Wells, 80. Whittle, 80. Collins, 45. Crue, 36. Atwood, 36. Conroy, 30. Pussy, 18. Bethnoe, Green. Pedrick, 24. Crosby, 24. Mull, 36. Derby, 80. Hall, 80. Whitechapel, Collins, 36. Brazier, 30. Harrison, 60. Harris, 48. Mance, 24. St. George's in the East. Whitehead, 80. Rotten, 80. Rotham, 80. Harewood, 60. Rothhorn, 100. Darling, 80. Jones, 45. Johnson, 36. Bermondsy, Simpson, 45. Wilkinson, 36. Goreing, 30. Lively, 24. Stone, 27. Ward, 18. Walworth and Newington, Kingsbury, 18. Gooch, 12. Wells, 45. Wilkes, 36. James, 30. Morgan, 24. Crony, 24. Holmes, 24. Stepney, Newell, 30. Gleming, 60. Tuff, 60. Helingsworth, 36. Smith, 30. Field, 24. Poplar, Weaver, 54. Strawson, 36. Collauder, 24. Ward, 30. St. Olives and Saviors and St. George's, Southark. Vines, 36. Humphrey, 45. Young, 30. James, 36. Penn, 30. Holiday, 24. Mageridge, 45. Alcorn, 36. Fisher, 36. Good, 30. Smith, 24. Roberts, 24. Pilkington, 27. Lindsay, 18. Daycock, 18. Molton, 12. Lambeth, Roberts, 100. Holland, 36. Ballard, 36. Brown, 24. Mills, 30. Giles, 18. Spooner, 18. Green, 12. Barnum, 12. Price, 12. Christchurch Lambeth, Plummer, 54. Steers, 36. Claire, 30. Garlic, 24. Hudson, 18. Jones, 12. Wandsworth and Battersea, Foreman, 45. Smith, 30. Giles, 24. Davis, 18. Flushman, 12. Rotherith, Shelley, 18. Richardson, 80. Norris, 24. Smith, 36. Dyer, 24. Greenwich and Detford, Manning, 120. Bines, 80. Roseworthy, 80. Tyler, 36. Munchen, 36. Woolwich, Pearsh, 120. Fidiman, 36. Sims, 36. Smithers, 36. Rook, 24. James, 24. Lewisham, Ridgeway, 80. Binney, 30. Total, 10,062. Some paid to each operative nightmare engaged in removing soil from cesspools. Kensington, Hurd, 6pence, Francis, 6pence, Russell, 6pence, Howe, 7pence, Chelsea, Burns, 6pence, Clements, 6pence, Groves, 6pence, Clayton, 6pence, Shepherd, 6pence, Nye, 6pence, Haddock, 6pence, Allbrook, 7pence, Westminster, Peacock, 7pence, Riley, 7pence, White, 6pence, Ramsbottom, 6pence, Ness, 6pence, Porter, 6pence, Edwards, 6pence, Andrews, 6pence, Foreman, 6pence, St. Martin's, Wakefield, Whitley, Templeton, Pierce, All, 6pence, Marlebone, Effery, 6pence, Brigham, 6pence, Ballard, 6pence, Pottle, 7pence, Shadwick, 6pence, Wilson, 6pence, Lewis, 6pence, Coss, 7pence, Wood, 6pence, Paddington, Prichard, Randall, Brown, Lamb, Bolton, Davis, Rickwood, Elkins, All, 6pence, Hampstead, Kippen, 6pence, Bowden, 6pence, Islington, Hughes, Bowen, Chilcutt, Baker, All, 6pence, St. Pancras, Burroughs, Justo, Neal, Robinson, Marge, Rose, Hall, Jenkins, Steel, All, 6pence, Lake, 7pence, Hewlett, 6pence, Snell, 6pence, MacDonald, 7pence, Hackney, Mason, 6pence, Clark, 6pence, Starkey, 6pence, Attwell, 7pence, Brown, 6pence, St. Giles' and St. George's, Bloomsbury, Store, Richards, Norris, Eldridge, Davis, Francis, Tiny, Johnson, Tynesie, Randall, All, 6pence, Day, 7pence, Strand, Caitlyn, Richards, Hutchins, Barker, All, 6pence, Hoburn, Duck, 7pence, Eagle, 7pence, Froome, 6pence, Smith, 6pence, Clarkinwell, Davis, 6pence, Brown, 7pence, Day, 6pence, Hawkins, 6pence, Grant, 6pence, St. Luke's, Brown, 7pence, Mollie, 7pence, Stevens, 6pence, Badger, 6pence, Lewis, 6pence, East London, Crozier, 7pence, James, 7pence, Dawson, 6pence, Newell, 7pence, Lumley, 6pence, Harvey, 6pence, West London, Raymond, 6pence, Clark, 7pence, Watson, 6pence, Desater, 6pence, London City, Tyler and Tysil, 7pence, Burgess, 7pence, Wilson, 7pence, Potter, 6pence, Wright, 6pence, Shoreditch, Wells, Whittle, Collins, Crue, Atwood, Conroy, Pusey, All, 6pence, Bethnal Green, Pedrick, Crosby, Mull, Derby, Hall, All, 6pence, Whitechapel, Collins, Brazier, Harrison, Harris, Mantz, All, 6pence, St. George's in the East, Whitehead, Rotten, Rotham, Harewood, Rothhorn, Darling, Jones, All, 6pence, Bermondsey, Simpson, Wilkinson, Goring, Lively, Stone, Ward, All, 6pence, Wellworth and Newington, Kingsbury, Gooch, Wells, Wilkes, James, Morgan, Crony, Holmes, All, 6pence, Stepney, Newell, Fleming, Tuff, Hillingsworth, Smith and Field, All, 6pence, Poplar, Weaver, Strossen, Collauder and Ward, All, 6pence, St. Olaf, St. Saviors and St. George's, Sutherk, Vines, Humphrey, Young, James, Penn, Holiday, Muggeridge, Allcorn, Fisher, Good, Smith, Roberts, Pilkington, Lindsay, Daycock and Moulton, All, 6pence, Lambeth, Roberts, 7pence, Holland, Ballard, Brown, Mills, Giles, Spooner, Green, Barnum and Price, All, 6pence, Christchurch, Lambeth, Plummer, Steers, Claire, Garlic, Hudson and Jones, All, 6pence, Wandsworth and Battersea, Foreman, Smith, Giles, Davis and Flushman, All, 6pence, Rotherith, Shelley, Richardson, Norris, Smith and Dyer, All, 6pence, Greenwich and Deptford, Manning, Vines, Roseworthy, Tyler and Wansham, All, 6pence, Woolwich, Pierce, Fidderman, Sims, Smithers, Brooke and James, All, 6pence, Lewisham, Ridgeway and Binney, Both, 6pence, Total, 6 and 7pence, Total amount paid to the Operative Nightman during the year. Kensington, Herd, 1lb 4 shillings, Francis, 1lb 16 shillings, Russell, 1lb 4 shillings, Howe, 3lb, Chelsea, 1lb 16 shillings, Clements, 1lb 10 shillings, Groves, 2lb 14 shillings, Clayton, 3lb, Shepard, 2lb 2 shillings, Nye, 2lb 8 shillings, Haddux, 3lb, Albrook, 5lb 5 shillings, Westminster, Peacock, 10lb 10 shillings, Riley, 6lb 13 shillings and 4pence, White, 3lb, Ramsbottom, 1lb 16 shillings, Ness, 1lb 16 shillings, Porter, 1lb 10 shillings and 4pence, Edwards, 1lb 4 shillings, Andrews, 1lb 4 shillings, Foreman, 1lb 10 shillings and 4pence, St. Martin's, Wakefield, 1lb 4 shillings, Whitley, 18 shillings, Templeton, 1lb 10 shillings, Pierce, 1lb 10 shillings, Marlebone, Effry, 1lb 16 shillings, Brigham, 1lb 10 shillings, Ballard, 1lb 4 shillings, Pottle, 3lb 15 shillings, Shadwick, 3lb, Wilson, 3lb, Lewis, 1lb 10 shillings, Cuss, 4lb 10 shillings, Wood, 3lb, Paddington, Prichard, 3lb, Randall, 3lb 15 shillings, Brown, 1lb 10 shillings, Lam, 3lb, Bolton, 1lb 10 shillings, Davis, 1lb 4 shillings, Rickwood, 1lb 4 shillings, Elkins, 18 shillings, Hampstead, Cippin, 1lb 4 shillings, Bowden, 1lb 4 shillings, Islington, Hughes, 3lb 15 shillings, Boven, 3lb, Chilcut, 3lb 15 shillings, Baker, 1lb 16 shillings, St. Pancras, Burroughs, 3lb, Justo, 1lb 4 shillings, Neil, 1lb 4 shillings, Robinson, 1lb 16 shillings, Marrage, 3lb, Rose, 1lb 16 shillings, Hall, 3lb, Jenkins, 1lb 16 shillings, Steele, 12 shillings, Lake, 10lb 10 shillings, Hewlett, 1lb 10 shillings, Snell, 1lb 10 shillings, MacDonald, 5lb 5 shillings, Hackney, Mason, 3lb, Clark, 1lb 16 shillings, Starkey, 3lb 16 shillings, Atowale, 3lb 10 shillings, Brown, 1lb 16 shillings, St. Giles and St. George's, Bloomsbury, Store, 3lb, Richards, 3lb, Norris, 3lb 16 shillings, Eldridge, 1lb 4 shillings, Davis, 1lb 10 shillings, Francis, 1lb 10 shillings, Tiny, 1lb 16 shillings, Johnson, 1lb 4 shillings, Tainzy, 1lb 4 shillings, Randall, 12 shillings, Day, 10lb 10 shillings, Strand, Catlin, 1lb 10 shillings, Richards, 1lb 4 shillings, Hutchins, 1lb 4 shillings, Barker, 12 shillings, Hoburn, Duck, 5lb 5 shillings, Eagle, 3lb 10 shillings, Froome, 1lb 16 shillings, Smith, 1lb 16 shillings, Clarkinwell, Davis, 4lb 10 shillings, Brown, 3lb 10 shillings, Day, 1lb 16 shillings, Hawkins, 1lb 4 shillings, Grant, 1lb 4 shillings. St Luke's, Brown, 3lb, Molly, 3lb, Stevens, 1lb 16 shillings, Badger, 1lb 4 shillings, Lewis, 1lb 4 shillings, East London, Crozier, 5lb 5 shillings, James, 3lb 10 shillings, Dawson, 1lb 4 shillings, Newell, 3lb 10 shillings, Lumley, 1lb 4 shillings, Harvey, 18 shillings, West London, Raymond, 3lb, Clark, 3lb, Watson, 1lb 16 shillings, Desater, 1lb 16 shillings, London City, Tyler and Tysle, 5lb 5 shillings, Burgess, 3lb 10 shillings, Wilson, 3lb 10 shillings, Potter, 1lb 10 shillings, Wright, 1lb 4 shillings, Shoreditch, Wells, 3lb, Whittle, 3lb, Collins, 2lb 5 shillings, Crew, 1lb 16 shillings, Atwood, 1lb 16 shillings, Conroy, 1lb 10 shillings, Pusey, 18 shillings, Bethnal Green, Pedrick, 1lb 4 shillings, Crosby, 1lb 4 shillings, Mull, 1lb 16 shillings, Derby, 3lb, Hall, 3lb, Whitechapel, Collins, 1lb 16 shillings, Brazier, 1lb 10 shillings, Harrison, 3lb, Harris, 2lb 8 shillings, Mantz, 1lb 4 shillings, St George in the East, Whitehead, 3lb, Rotten, 3lb, Rotham, 3lb, Harewood, 3lb, Rothorn, 3lb 15 shillings, Darling, 3lb, Jones, 2lb 5 shillings, Johnson, 1lb 16 shillings, Bermondsy, Simpson, 2lb 5 shillings, Wilkinson, 1lb 16 shillings, Goring, 1lb 10 shillings, Lively, 2lb 4 shillings, Stone, 1lb 7 shillings, Ward, 18 shillings, Walworth and Newington, Kingsbury, 18 shillings, Gooch, 12 shillings, Wells, 2lb 5 shillings, Wilkes, 1lb 16 shillings, James, 1lb 10 shillings, Morgan, 1lb 4 shillings, Crony, 1lb 4 shillings, Holmes, 1lb 4 shillings, Stepney, Newell, 1lb 10 shillings, Fleming, 3lb, Tough, 3lb, Hillingsworth, 1lb 16 shillings, Smith, 1lb 10 shillings, Field, 1lb 4 shillings, Poplar, Weaver, 2lb 14 shillings, Strossan, 1lb 16 shillings, Glodder, 1lb 4 shillings, Ward, 1lb 10 shillings, St Olives and Saviors, St George's, Sutherk, Lines, 1lb 16 shillings, Humphrey, 2lb 5 shillings, Young, 1lb 10 shillings, James, 1lb 16 shillings, Penn, 1lb 10 shillings, Holiday, 1lb 4 shillings, Muggeridge, 2lb 5 shillings, Alcorn, 1lb 16 shillings, Fisher, 1lb 16 shillings, Good, 1lb 10 shillings, Smith, 1lb 4 shillings, Roberts, 1lb 4 shillings, Pilkington, 1lb 7 shillings, Lindsay, 18 shillings, Daycock, 18 shillings, Moulton, 12 shillings, Lambeth, Roberts, 4lb 7 shillings and Sixpence, Holland, 1lb 16 shillings, Ballard, 1lb 16 shillings, Brown, 1lb 4 shillings, Mills, 1lb 10 shillings, Giles, 18 shillings, Spooner, 18 shillings, Green, 12 shillings, Barnum, 12 shillings, Price, 12 shillings, Christchurch, Lambeth, Plummer, 2lb 14 shillings, Steers, 1lb 16 shillings, Claire, 1lb 10 shillings, Garlic, 1lb 4 shillings, Hudson, 18 shillings, Jones, 12 shillings, Wandsworth and Battersea, Foreman, 2lb 5 shillings, Smith, 1lb 10 shillings, Giles, 1lb 4 shillings, Davis, 18 shillings, Flushman, 12 shillings, Rotherith, Shelly, 18 shillings, Richardson, 3lbs, Norris, 1lb 4 shillings, Smith, 1lb 16 shillings, Dyer, 1lb 4 shillings, Greenwich and Detford, Manning, 4lb 10 shillings, Vines, 3lbs, Roseworthy, 3lbs, Tyler, 1lb 16 shillings, Munchen, 1lb 16 shillings, Woolwich, Pierce, 4lb 10 shillings, Fidemen, 1lb 16 shillings, Sims, 1lb 16 shillings, Smithers, 1lb 16 shillings, Rook, 1lb 4 shillings, James, 1lb 4 shillings, Lewisham, Ridgeway, 3lbs, Binney, 1lb 10 shillings, Total, 455lbs 15 shillings. Total amount paid to Master Knightman during the year for emptying cesspools at 10 shillings per load.  End of section 85


So today, we're out here beautiful folgaria and so what we've just done is taken some first battalion guys that have come back and So they got to get the first crack at warrior adventure quest and basically what that program is is a one-day High-adventure program this is I to be participated in platoon level group size So we'll get a whole platoon of guys out together and they've just you know been downrange with each other for the last Nine twelve months. They know each other really well in a military environment but we're gonna bring them out to Environment where they can have a good time and still get an adrenaline rush except that this is an adrenaline rush that They can use as a positive constructive behavior as opposed to some of the destructive things that they could get into on their own there's more out there to do then come back from a deployment and Deal with it cope with their stresses by drinking staying you know shut themselves in and a barracks Explore what's out or even you know get get that adrenaline going again as of you know when you're down range So I mean it has a lot of benefits. It plays a big part into that gradual transition from combat back to Civilian and that's why I support this program


An old man walks into a bank, walks up to the teller and says, I'd like to check my balance. Teller pushes him.   Yep, I'm the stupiditist. Thank you for following us on Instagram and Twitter. And thank you for ringing the bell to be part of the notification squad. Um, so today we're going to be, um, reacting to a speech. It's from this film, if you want to say it. I want you to say it. Pajarcar Punch Mama. That's what I was hoping for. I was looking for the Punch Mama. Thank you, Corbin Miles. Nama, sorry. No, you did it. That's literally why I turned to you and wanted you to say it. Punch Nama. I knew you'd do Punch Mama. Ah! But we haven't reacted to the trailer, but this scene has been highly requested. It's called Rajat's speech. Yes, but it's from Piarca Punch Your Mama. Don't punch your mama. Ah! That's rude. Uh, but okay. Okay, so it's a scene. I think I can focus now. I think it's a funny scene. Okay. Um, so we'll see. All right. Hopefully it's good. Uh, and thank you to everybody supporting us on Patreon. You might be the only ones to see this. Sometimes scenes get completely blocked. It's true, um, so. Do we need any context for this? Do we know anything about what this is? As far as- No idea. All right, great. Here we go. Go. What's going on with this new guy? What? What happened? He came over. What did he say? He's the only one who doesn't want to talk about it. What? What's the problem? Problem? The problem is that he's a girl. What else is the problem? The problem is that I want no problem in my life. But if I have no problem in my life, then his life is the biggest problem. And Bullshit, he's worried, man. He should celebrate. Because he's in this exactly what he wants. Seriously, Rajat. When he opens his mouth, I feel something in my mouth. Trust me, I've had it all in the last 6 months. I've seen everything. What love? What kind of relationship? What kind of happiness? Relationship also means an end to your own happiness. After that, all you got to worry about is his happiness, his birthday, his dog's birthday, his rear, which was yours too. And the energy can't keep anyone happy. A happy woman is the best.  You can't do anything. You can't do anything. You can't live with him. How can you live with him? This guy became Batman that day.  I needed a normal person. How can I live with you? Everything is a matter of stories. Bollywood is romantic. One girl fell in love with the other. Two were together. They ended. No one told the rest of the story. I'll tell the rest of the story. After that, the boy didn't hug the girl for 2 days. That's the problem. What? You're telling the truth. It doesn't look good. They don't end up shopping. They went to the cushions, then to the curtains. They didn't match with the cushions, so they went to the other cushions. How much do I have? I don't know. I spent a lot of money. Thank you. I was hoping they'd do that. I was hoping they'd do that. I'm not buying anything. I'll take 2 weeks off. I'll take the table. I'll spend 5 hours in the mall. I'll pick up the trash. And then I'll take 2 weeks off. I'll take the table. I'll take the table. I'm working in the office. I'll call you. I'll call you and tell you. I can't talk. How much time do I have to take? 2 minutes. What will happen?  I won't be able to do it. And then I'll tell you. Without a phone, I'll give you 2 days off. I'll call you the most. I'll take you to the kitchen. Even your top is flicking. Look at the ads... Jamli Ji. 1 minute to the money. Call him as much as you need. Call him as soon as the growth.  After that... Just tell me why cannot you talk? You lost interest in me.  Mother, how do you life to have a phone? Go and ask Blasphemy somewhere outside. Listen, in that ad, it's not an analogy. I can use the Vielleicht, paper. You don't know No, he's not going to India, he's just asking. No, he knew that he wanted to go somewhere far away. He had to tell his wife that he was going to India. Otherwise she would have asked 10 questions. Where are you going? Why are you going? Really? You don't even know where you are going? Why don't you tell her straight away that you want to go somewhere far away? You're making fun of a poor man till date. I'm working in the office. I'll get an SMS. I love you. Okay, I'll do an SMS. I love you too. After this, I'll start the SMS. What do you do in the office? Don't reply to two SMSs. You'll get a call. Don't pick up the call. You'll get a message in 10 minutes. I don't think it's working anymore. 10 minutes. I love you. I love you. I don't think it's working anymore. And this is when they're not even down. Now you know why these people are so heart-attacked? And why are these guys so successful?  Look, they say that behind every successful man is a woman. True. But no one tells that behind every unsuccessful man is also a woman. And no one can tell that the un-successful people have more success than successful people in this world. I'm working in the office. I'll be late for the care-on. I won't eat anything. I'll get hungry. I'm asking you to eat. Look, what do I do? Leave the job. Then go home. Let them eat first. Why do they die of hunger after this? Even after all this, if a person goes to a corner and sits quietly, then what? Watch. What are you thinking? What are you thinking? What are you thinking? I'm not thinking anything. My mother is thinking. How can I stop your hunger? What are you thinking?  After all this, we never talk. We need to talk. I don't think it's working anymore. I'm telling you. You cannot discuss anything with a woman. Because they call it a discussion. But any discussion with a woman is an argument. And you can't live with a boss in an argument. Because we are humans. This is a basic need. You make sense in an argument. Girls don't care. They don't care. How do they come up with an argument because of a senseless thing? First of all, today's argument is not over. Today's argument will be over after two months. It's not even a man. Two months ago, what happened? Girls are saved. They are not small. They are big. They will use it in a big fight. You have never tried to prove yourself right. You will feel that you can prove yourself with this point. But only then you will hear a voice. The finger is down. You will not even pay attention. But you will be pointing at them with your teeth. The whole argument will flash down the gutter. And the topic will remain.  Who made the rule? Who made the rule? He? He? He? He? He? He? He? He? He? Before marriage? Before marriage, why does the Dragon Queen stay? Why does she stay? Then the brand will take your back.  He has such a signature, why is it here? Tell me now, what would you have come to do if I do the same? Call a friend and if I have any problems from now on? Will she say, oh you have called my friend. Then why you called my friend's SIM? All right. He also talks incredibly fast. He does. So let's put on, Let's pull up our acting coaching chair for a minute. First of all, let's talk about the writing because everything starts with the writing. I love the ending. I love that last line. I thought that was great. What do you think about the writing of the scene, of the monologue? It's, and I'm sure we lost some things in translation. Yeah, obviously they'll be able to understand more. Like if it was in English, I'd be able to understand everything. Of course. And so I don't really- Any of the double meanings or anything like that. Wanna kinda judge it on that. But yeah, it was good. It was hard to read everything as fast as he was saying it.  As I was watching him, and this is again, this is just my personal opinion. I'm not saying this is the right way to do it. This is what I would have preferred. And granted, I would think that that's the right way to do it. At least when it comes to acting, the right way to do it is I need to believe you all the time. Period. Meisner described acting in a certain way, and I have an elaboration on that in terms of he said it's living truthfully under imaginary circumstances, which is true. That is what acting is. Living truthfully under imaginary circumstances. But for me, you have to add to the end of that and be believable. Because if we're acting and we know we're living truthfully under the circumstances, and we are 100% honest with what we're doing, but they don't believe it, we failed. And you don't want to just be believable and not be truthful. You need to have that combination. If I was coaching this guy, I wouldn't want him to do the scene again. He had just gotten up in a class and did the monologue. I would say, do it again, but this time I want you to slow down and I want you to not know what you're going to say next because I felt he knew exactly what he was saying. Yeah, I agree with that. Yeah, he wasn't. I didn't see him thinking and having realizations. I saw a guy who had memorized his lines really, really well and had put some emotion in it, but the emotion was pretty singular. I don't know what he wanted. And I didn't believe that it was happening right at that moment. And that's what I would prefer to see. I think it's a great monologue, but if it had been done in a way that... I don't know. I don't know how the director directed it. He may have been frustrated and the director said just get through it like that, you know? And obviously I don't know the pretext of what his girlfriend or wife or whatever it is, what she did, blah, blah, blah, blah. Obviously this was a very broad statement about all women. It was very funny. In the cliches. Obviously it's supposed to be humorous, obviously not all women are that way. I don't think he should be in the relationship with this girl, honestly. Exactly. It feels about her. And I think a lot of people who wouldn't be thinking about this in terms of higher level acting critiquing would enjoy that scene and laugh at it just for it being a funny scene. But for me watching the scene, I would want that actor to take it next level. So I didn't dislike it, but man, I think if that was put into the hands of somebody who was in the moment, had more time maybe, whatever the direction was, I don't know. I think that had the potential to be a home run versus I think he had a very sound double using baseball analogies. Yeah. And I think, like I said, somebody has, a lot of people have requested this. Some people have said it's sexist. And I get it. I understand why you'd say that. I think it, but I kind of went at it from this is obviously not actually true. This is just something funny that they wanted to put in that this guy feels, obviously it's not true. For me, the reason I didn't take offense to it is because it was so over the top. I didn't feel like this was a genuine portrayal of some guy with a bone to pick with a woman. This was, I'm about to give you the personification of every stereotype a man can have for a woman. So it was like, okay, it'd be silly if you'd do that because I've not taken any of this to heart. That's how I felt about it too. Some people had said that to me in the comments when people had suggested it. And there may be stuff in translation that was really offensive that we wouldn't have picked up on. Who knows? Let us know what other scenes we should react to. Should we react to the trailer for this film? Yes. Somebody asked me that today, that Instagram message said, would you guys react to some scenes? I'm glad we're doing this. Yes, we love scenes. We love scenes. It is difficult. I think War scene got blocked and it apparently might have just got unblocked. So you might see that. Obviously we've already seen the film though. Yeah, but that was our first exposure to Bahubali. Was that fight scene? But please let us know other scenes. Yeah, legendary scenes. Acting scenes. Yeah. Funny scenes. All that kind of stuff because we love to react to that kind of stuff as well. As long as there are scenes that don't spoil the film. Yes.