Ladies and gentlemen, fellow Saint Lucia, Saint Lucia is currently under a tropical storm warning. Tropical storm force winds, accompanied by heavy to moderate showers, are expected to persist during the next 24 hours, and therefore all necessary precautions are still required. Maria is now a Category 5 hurricane and moving over the northern Windward Islands. Already, we are getting reports of very severe weather in Dominica. Our thoughts and prayers go out to our neighbours and family there, as well as those already affected by recent storms and who may again be in the path of Hurricane Maria. NEMO takes this opportunity to remind everyone that Saint Lucia is still in shutdown mode and to please await further instructions from the Met Office. Based on expected weather activity, we have taken a proactive decision that schools will remain closed through Tuesday. Commercial activity, businesses and the public sector will reopen at 10am, and should conditions change, an announcement will be made after an assessment of the situation. We note that some persons have been using social media to spread fake news and posts which do not accurately represent the situation in Saint Lucia. We urge you to be responsible and make the National Emergency Management Organization NEMO and the Saint Lucia Met Services your official source of information. Thank you.


When they got married, we got in my aunt's car and we started driving west and we ended up We ended up in Las Vegas walked into this Casino, I looked around the room and There were all of these people they'd flown thousands of miles in some cases They'd gone to great lengths to come out to do something that was mathematically Unintelligent they knew it was unintelligent and I mean they couldn't do it fast enough in terms of rolling the dice You know and and I looked around at that group.  I said, you know, I'm gonna get rich. I mean how can you miss? If people are willing to do this You know, this is this is a land of opportunity. Well, it's the way it still is


Now, we're going to add a bibliography or reference page to our document in Google Docs. As you can see in my example, I have two instances where I used in-text citation. Zotero is going to identify those two sources and build a bibliography with that information. So I'm going to go down to the next page in my document, use Zotero for my toolbar and select Add Edit Bibliography. And here are the reference entries that match my in-text citation. And all I need to do is add a title to the top of the page. To edit this information, I click somewhere inside the references and a little window will pop up and I'll be able to edit with Zotero. Or I can go back to the Zotero tab on my toolbar and select Add Edit Bibliography there. Now a window will pop up and I can see the two references that are in my bibliography currently and I can access my library from Zotero or any folders that I created. Choose another source and use the green arrow to move it over to the right to add something. When I hit OK, I'll see that my reference page has been updated with that new source. If I want to remove that source or any source, I just choose an item from the references and bibliography window, use the arrow pointing to the left and that will remove the source and I can hit OK and my reference page will be updated again.


Hi everyone, welcome back to the vlog. So this is just a little update vlog to show you little Isaac Muton, the new fur baby of our house. Here he is. Say hello. Don't be rude. Say hello to everybody. Oh hi everybody.  He has been a very good boy. That is Isaac Muton. He's got a lot of play stuff out. Good kitty to be honest. He's been very very good. He's got a few little things that he's been doing that I don't know. Yesterday he was on one. So he's got this thing with the kitchen sink. There's like a little plug filter. I don't know what it's called.  He's obsessed with it. So every time I walk past the kitchen all here is because he's got it and he's bashing it from side. He's literally in the sink bashing it from side to side in the sink.  It's driving me insane so I've had to lock that away. Then his food came because I ordered a massive bag of food. 30 litres I think it was. A massive bag of food came and he was going mental for it and in the hallway there's a cupboard. So I put it in the cupboard and the cupboard doesn't lock properly. So he's got into the cupboard and I woke up yesterday morning to him scratching the bag and opening it to get all the food out. I put something against the door to lock the door so then because he couldn't get into the door he scratched all the carpet in front of the door to try and dig his way under the door. So then I had to move it again so put it in the spare room and lock the door. So then he's digging trying to dig his way under the spare room door so he's digged under the carpet. Well he hasn't really done much but he was digging at the carpet pulled it up a little bit to get into the spare room to get it because he knew it was in there so I locked myself in there left him outside and I've put it in the wardrobe that's in the spare room and he hasn't worked out where it is yet because he hasn't seen where it is thankfully he's been away. The next thing he does he's obsessed with food I don't know if it's because he was a stray before and he's used to searching and hunting for food but literally you'll put his food down he will stop what he's eating if you've got something to eat he wants your food he launches himself at you to get your food. He is getting better at that though we've had him two weeks now and the past week he's been okay like we've been really strict with him and not giving him any food not giving him any like bits off the plate or anything like that we've been really really strict with him to help it and he has got better he's still begs for food but not as bad he is learning. The next thing he does is I bought him a really nice really nice comfy fluffy bed that he could sink into thought he was going to love it does he want to sleep on it has he held slept on that bed he won't use it I've tried putting him in it I feel like just use your bed I've tried putting him in it and he just walks back off and looks at me like I'm something stupid but he'll sleep in a paper bag we had like a big paper bag I'll put the picture here he'll sleep in that he won't sleep in his comfy bed I've bought him what a twerp he's just he's just such a character he's hilarious but the good things about him he absolutely loves cuddles he loves attention he will come and sit on your lap he will he'll panic in the middle of the night I think this is what I think happens anyway you don't see him he'll just disappear and then suddenly at some point in the night normally about three or four o'clock in the morning it's almost as if he's like oh my god I don't know where everybody is is everybody okay and he'll jump on the bed and he'll come and he'll like nudge you in the head and he'll lick your face to make sure that you're okay and you're awake so then you'll be half asleep and you'll stroke him and he'll settle down he'll curl up next to you and go to sleep I think it's because he misses us and he just he doesn't know where we are and suddenly he's remembered okay people are in a different room and he goes and checks on you that's what I'd like to think I'd like to think he's caring for us another funny thing he does he will go for a poo and then he will come and meow at you until you clean it up because he doesn't want that in his litter tray he will come and he'll be like meow meow and you'll be like what is wrong with you and then you go and you check his litter tray it's because he's just had a poo and he wants you to clean it up another thing he does he knows the sound of his laser pen box I'm gonna try and video this so you can see can you see him from there I don't know but just wait for it he's down here straight away what's that mom what we're gonna do and then he does this he looks around for it he'll look at you and then he'll look around go find it then you're having him switched it on there you go there you go and then he just knows the sound of the tin so if he's in another room he'll come flying into the room gonna have to play with him now but yeah how cute is he so that is little Isaac Newton he's about three years old roughly like said he was a stray he's got FIV which is the HIV for cats so it's the cat version so he's not allowed to go outdoors in case he infects other cats and he's got a reduced immune system as a result so he's not allowed outside because he can obviously pick up all sorts and potentially die basically not to be dramatic or anything but it could be that severe that if he picks something up he could potentially die because of his FIV he's on a strict diet because he's more prone to gastro problems and stuff like that so he's got to have a dry food diet he did have specialized food for a while because he had problems with his bowels at one point but actually he's okay now so he's back on to just normal dried food and that's why we're quite strict with his feeding him off our plates and things like that just because we don't want anything happening to him he's for his own good it could got to be cruel to be kind like they say and even treats like we'll give him a couple of little treats here and there like proper cat treats but it's not every day and it's not all the time so far that just to protect his stomach and just make sure he's all right we've got to check his mouth regularly as well if he's got any signs of ulcers or cuts or anything like that in his mouth that's normally an indicator that he's going to have a flare up with his FIV and he needs antibiotics so little things like that but he's really healthy he's not had any problems he's not got any other conditions or anything like that you wouldn't even know he had it it's just that he's got it on his record so we just need to be more mindful of little things and make sure he has the best life possible another thing it's not going to shorten his life by just from reading around it it's not going to shorten his life or anything like that they can live long happy lives with FIV it's just about like I was talking about just checking his mouth and making sure he's healthy make sure he's not getting any infections and stuff like that that's going to put him at risk so he's going to be all right I think but he's just amazing it's like he's always been here the minute we brought him home because they said you should keep him in one room to sort of settle him in and settle him in slowly he didn't want to stay in another room we opened his box and he was flyed out he was mooching around everywhere he was getting in everything he wanted to see everybody he was coming up for cuddles and stuff he was amazing he did have a thing where when we first brought him home like the first two days he wouldn't leave any of our sides he would constantly follow us if I was going to the toilet he had to go and follow if George went to the toilet or something he would chase after George like he needed to be next to 24-7 and he slept next to us for the first two nights but now he's settled he doesn't care like he just sleeps on his this is a little hammock sorry about the mess he's got a little window hammock that he sleeps on and the sun comes through that normally in the afternoon when it's sunny and um he just babes in the sun on this little hammock like he's so cute um but he's probably chilled he's playing he's pretty awesome to be honest he's a little twerp sometimes like I said but overall he's very cute it's it's hard not to love him I'm pretty sure I've just heard him open it at all this should be interesting hang on let's see what the hell he's up to oh you're in the spare room are you what look this is what he did trying to get in to get his food have you found it I hope not I see no he hasn't been scratching at that door he's all right he was just checking because you remember that's the last place it was good boy let's see if he'll chase me down the corridor sometimes he chases me down the corridor didn't chase me that time the other day when he was on one actually it was yesterday when he was on one I literally he tried to attack my feet at the other end of the corridor and then I ran down the corridor he launched himself he ran so fast down the corridor literally tripped me over and attacked my leg oh he's so funny so yeah that's it I just wanted to show you a little update of Isaac and who he is and how he's getting on and stuff like that he's very very cute if anyone's got any tips advice help with cats let me know because this is new to me I've never really had a cat before just dogs so yeah let me know in the comments and I hope you're all having an amazing week


110% channel revenue share for four of you who got the 110% rev share. Let's find out in today's episode. We also have 200% recruiter revenue share increase for you, Freedom Family, all of you from now till the end of this year. Instead of paying you 15% of freedom's cut, you get half, 50% of all money for the channels you recruit from now till the end of the year and it'll be paid for one year for every channel.  Maybe we'll do two winners. Let's see how it goes. To get the 200% increase in recruiter revenue share, simply sign in to your shiny freedom dashboard and you see that via link, that's your refer a friend link. If your friend clicks that link and signs up to freedom, we pay him normally, you're taking nothing away from your friend by recruiting him, but we pay you half of freedom's cut for one year as our way of saying thank you for spreading the freedom love. Why are we doing this? Because YouTube has done something big and amazing, starting this month, anyone can unlink from any network and the network can no longer deny the unlink request. This works for Machinima, Broadband TV, Maker Studios, Fullscreen, every MCN out there can no longer deny unlink requests. This is a huge change to the YouTube policy, which I talked about in yesterday's video. Click that I in case you missed it to learn more details. To do this simply click the remove access button what you see behind me in your channel settings and in 30 days your channel will be unlinked guaranteed. Freedom has operated this way since day one of business almost four years ago, but now YouTube is making it so every MCN must operate in the same way. Come September all of you who clicked that remove access button will be looking for a new home. That's why we're incentivizing all of you Freedom Family to recruit those people who are looking for a new home in September by referring them to freedom. You get 50% of freedoms cut and the channel gets a new better home. The 110% rev share that four of you are getting is a new concept we've never done before. I talked about the 110% rev share in the past at the very beginning of freedom which many of you have criticized us for saying hey George where's that 110% rev share you were talking about? The original idea was to create freedom points that would grow as you do things that help the freedom family grow like writing helpful tips down there in the comments below posting on our forums at www.community.tm chatting with us on our discord server creating graphics channel reviews video effects for the freedom family all the things that help freedom grow. Sadly the developers building freedom points have left us and no one has picked up their code that's sitting in our github repository to finish the project. So I decided instead of waiting for freedom points to come at some point in the future to award 110% revenue share to the winners of the hundred thousand dollar sponsorship that's right now in addition to the hundred dollars cash you also get 110% revenue share for your main channel for one year and that will continue to roll over each year if you keep doing what you're doing to help freedom grow you will keep getting that 110% renewed every year forever and until we have a formal process around this I will be the one to decide if you keep getting that 110% each year so send me flowers or pizza or anything you think that may convince me to keep giving you the 110% kidding just keep helping the freedom family grow which is the spirit of freedom we all help each other grow together as a family the freedom family although pizza would be nice but wait what are we watching hello everybody my name is frosted fricks and you are watching thank you frosted fricks for introducing the george show this is your channel behind me and you can check it out by clicking the link down there in the description below this is an example of the fastest way to grow on youtube which is collaboration collaborate with other people freedom family and you will grow click that i to see all the levels of collaboration i discuss such as playlist for playlist do you want to collaborate with me by introducing the george show simply create the video and send me the link by clicking the submit your best videos link down there in the description below it'll take you to a google form so i can see your video and then use it in a future episode who is today's winner of the hundred thousand dollar sponsorship all the comments you left that are scrolling right there in yesterday's video show me just how many of you deserve to win today i decided let's have two winners instead of just one if you think you should win then tell me in the comments below why you deserve to win or if you want to nominate someone tell me why he or she deserves to win and let's keep helping each other grow together as a family the first winner today was picked by yesterday's winner frosted fricks he made a video explaining his choice for today's winner roll it welcome everybody back i'm frosted fricks and i want to personally thank every one of you who have nominated me to be the winner of the 100 thousand dollar sponsorship with the money that i had received i will be resound proofing my room with some extra foam panels so i thank you guys very much for doing that for me that being said i'm going to be picking who's going to be my predecessor in a winning of the 100 thousand dollar sponsorship i looked through everything i went through everyone that i could possibly imagine in my mind that could be a good candidate for this the person i'm going to choose is the person who is the most active on twitter the most active in the forums and possibly the most active individual in any freedom video and that person who i am choosing is not only an influential person to many people here on freedom but also a very valued member of the freedom family a person who you guys probably already know she writes the letters that you guys get every month about all the wonderful things that freedom has to offer and that is ashley silver dust that being said that is my decision and that's who i believe deserves this the most thank you guys very much for watching thank you very much for following along and as usual and as always my friends stay frosty and game on congratulations ashley silver dust you certainly deserve it as frosted freaks explained now you get to pick the next winner if you make a video just like frosted freaks did that is public on your youtube channel explaining why you picked your winner and how he helps the freedom family grow note that part is optional you don't have to pick a winner and make a video announcing it if you don't want to we have a second winner today to announce that i picked this person has provided so much graphics and free assets for all of you freedom family they have been downloaded over a quarter million times from the freedom dashboard what you see behind me is the page that so many of you have used to spice up your channel banners improve your video thumbnails download the asset packs if you haven't already check out that page in your shiny freedom dashboard and improve your branding that winner is treat studios this is his channel behind me he's got over 30 000 subscribers this is not a small channel and you now get 110 percent revenue share for that channel are you excited tell me down there in the comments below note treat studios does not actively participate in the youtube comments i hope that will change but he does provide free graphics you see there are many ways to win this sponsorship not just by being active down there in the comments below although that is certainly one way to win we are still just warming up with this hundred thousand dollar sponsorship this 110 percent rev share was a surprise i was saving to share with you at the right time there are other surprises i'm still saving so you can be sure there's going to be a lot more excitement around the sponsorship as we progress what other guesses do you have that you think will come in addition to all the current prizes i would love to read your thoughts down there in the comments below whom i i am papa george george sunpie george sama and many other names you the beautiful freedom family has given me i am george ceo and founder of the same black shirt that doesn't say freedom as from yesterday's video for freedom and the freedom family which i hope will grow a lot come september i am george and you've been watching click that i to partner with freedom and join the freedom family so we can all grow together you get many perks like position music you also get epidemic sound a lot of other access to royalty free videos sponsorships and many things to help you grow just click the links down there in the description below to get involved in our community our forums our discord chat servers meet our graphics team meet our community team all of that on discord and the forums what are you waiting for get started and we will grow together as a family because this is the freedom family you are part of it we are all part of it and we're all growing together to get more george click that big f that will subscribe you to freedom central home of the george show and pewdiepie gave one of you freedom family a big shout out click that video to see the shout out and to see our new 3d sets for you and click that video to see what youtube recommends you watch next


Hey everybody, welcome back to Magic Orthodoxy. My name is David, and this is the Magic Review. Hey, today we're going to look at the deceased from Jamie Dawes and Alec Zan. Alright, so what is the deceased? It's a card trick, okay? At its core, it's a card trick, but it's not done with cards, it's done with little photographs of deceased people. And through the pattern, you are able to tell this haunted story about two killers that killed an entire dinner party.  You want to see what the trailer looks like? This is it. The year was 1908, and the newspapers of the time were filled with the unsettling news of one of the most unthinkable multiple murders ever reported. By answering and adding the papers, little did they know that they were embarking on a journey that would end with their death. At 8pm at Templeton Hall, ten people sat down to dinner, and by 10pm, eight of them were dead. Each one had been paralysed by digesting poison and slowly carved up whilst the others looked on, knowing what the remainder of their life had in store for them. And then bring them out, and you should have something that looks like this. All good? Yeah. Now just place them down. Now you don't claim to be psychic. No. And you know nothing about the tentative murders. No. No. Now do you remember I gave you that black envelope at the beginning? Yeah. Let me just take that back. I said that two people killed the other one. Yeah. Can we open this up? These were the two killers on that fateful night. Again, they look fairly normal. Yeah. I wouldn't trust them. Just slide out the one that you picked for me. Just don't know. Okay. That's strange, right? Yeah, that's freaky. Now, if they really were the killers, of course it would say, and if that was the case, then we've separated the living from the dead. Oh. Have a look. Yeah, that's really, really weird. Lead. You're going to break me out, man. My name is Jamie Dawes, and this is The Deceased. All right, so that was The Deceased from Jamie Dawes. This is the first one in a series that he's going to release called The Dark Series, that'll probably focus on kind of that dark macabre style of magic. So if you're into that, you might want to check this out. All right, so a couple of questions. We always ask about all of our magic reviews, and the first of which is what is in the box? What's in the box? You're going to get the DVD.  Is it what I thought? Yeah, it is what I thought. I mean, it is at its core, a card trick, and even watching the trailer, you kind of understand that it's a familiar trick to some of us. It is a trick that has been released in the past, and I actually have another DVD that teaches the same exact effect. It's a do-as-I-do trick, you know? It's a do-as-I-do trick. It's marketed more as a living and dead trick, which would be a mentalism effect, but since it's a card trick, it's really a do-as-I-do trick. So if you're familiar with some of the do-as-I-do routines, it's one of those routines. How are the angles? The angles on this are really clean. All the dirty work happens behind your back and behind the spectator's back. So that would really be the only places maybe you wouldn't want someone to be standing. So that's really where all the magic happens. Can it be inspected? Absolutely. There are no gaffes to this at all, and at the end of the trick, the spectator sees everything that has been in play the entire time. Alright, so what's the overall quality and production value of the video? It's great. It's Alakazam. So if you're already familiar with Alakazam, they make really great DVDs. Great locations, no weird background music. You get great instructions, great teaching. It's all shot in HD. Everything's well-miked. It's good. It's clean. It's everything you'd expect. Is it well-made? Absolutely. These photographs aren't on photo paper. They're actually on a really thick, heavy cardstock.  And you're able to write on the back if you want to make that a part of your routine as well. I know some magicians are even aging their photographs to make them look vintage. I didn't choose to do it that way. But you can add that for extra spookiness. And the cards should last you a really long time. And the best part is, even if the corners get dinged up or the edges get a little creased, it won't matter because they're supposed to look like vintage photographs. So I think this will last you a really long time. How much practice does it require? It's easy. It's super easy. Like I said, this is a do-as-I-do trick. The routine's been taught in other places. Jamie Dawn is going to teach you one way to do this. But I would argue that you could probably add your own do-as-I-do routine to this. And it would work just as well. How much setup and reset is there? Practically none. You get everything. It's only a couple of cards. There's 10 cards, right? You're putting your predictions under the envelope. And then you're putting your 10 cards into a stack. And you're good to go. Positives. All right. What are the positives to deceased from Jamie Dawes? You know what? If this is only the first in the Dark Series from Alakazam, I can't wait to see what Jamie Dawes creates next. This is a routine that I am definitely going to add to my daily magic. Negatives. All right. It's one of the negatives. You know, like we see around here, there's negatives to everything. These are just the negatives that I see.   And so as a magician who's completely skeptical about things, one of the problems that I foresaw in the original routine is that there is a prediction. And there's two predictions. There's this person and this person. Okay? And so through the course of the routine, the spectator selects one of the predictions and the magician selects one of the predictions, which just feels a little strange because you made the predictions and then you pick one of them also. It seems a little... I mean, if the spectator really thought back through the trick, they would think, wait, you know, in the prediction envelope, there was the ace of spades and the ace of diamonds. And I picked the ace of diamonds, but the magician picked the ace of spades. He already knew that was in the envelope. It was magic. You know what I'm saying? So you might just want to look at the routine that comes with it, maybe kind of modify it a little bit so that it creates more of a magical approach from the magician's perspective. You need to really look like you're doing it randomly as well.  Okay? It should be a two-spectator routine between you and your spectator and not you as the magician forcing the end to fit the reveal. Does that make sense? All right. So is it worth your money? It's $27, 27 bucks.  You get 10 cards. You get the envelope. You get the prediction cards. It's all done on quality card stock. It's a little close to 30 bucks, but I think it's still well in the right zone for being worth your money. Like I said, this is a trick that you could probably do a lot. It's going to last you a long time. And if you like spooky magic, this might be right up your alley. That said, who would like this? I think people that like spooky magic. People that already view mentalism but maybe want to add card magic in there without making it look like this is a card magic trick because it looks more like mentalism. So I think that would be a great idea as well. All right. So that is my review for Deceased from Jamie Doss and Alakazam. I want to thank Murphy's Magic for providing this for me so that I can do the review for you. And if you want to purchase your own, you can find it from your favorite Murphy's Magic dealer. Thanks. Bye.


Thank you so much, Dr. Biden. Thank you so much, Dr. Biden, for your kind introduction. And thank you for your leadership. I can't believe you are a senior leader here and also teaching a course. At the same time, there's nobody. I'd be hard-pressed to think of someone in the Obama administration who has done more to give voice to the remarkable power of community colleges to change lives than Dr. Biden. She has done so much. And by the way, she's not teaching one course. She's teaching three courses. And that other day job is a little bit busy as well, I'm told, and it is really a tribute to her continuing lifelong commitment to learning. How many of y'all are students here? Just curious, excellent. How many are faculty or administration and partners, other higher ed institutions, et cetera? Well, you have a wonderful set of colleges here in North Carolina. We have been able to travel the country. This is day 107 or something like that for me. And I have seen so many examples of partnership and work. And here in North Carolina, you really are a leader because the grant process was exceedingly competitive. And there were a number of very worthy applicants who were not selected. And not only were you selected for this grant, but you got one of the largest grants that was awarded through this program. So you have every reason to be proud of what you're doing. And the reason you were selected is because you really are onto something here. The extent of your commitment to the partnerships that are embodied in this proposal and to the systems change, and to the partnerships with employers, how many employers are here today as well? We have a lot of employer partners right here and through your grant. Because the old model of workforce development was what I used to call the train and prey model. We train widget makers on how to make widgets, but we never ask the question, are there any employers hiring widget makers? Well, we've moved beyond the train and prey model of workforce development to a model that's truly demand driven. This president and this vice president want to grow the economy from the middle out. And the way to do that is to understand from the job creators what the demand needs are and to build those partnerships between employers, workers, community colleges, four year institutions, non-profit stakeholders, and other key participants in this process so that we can indeed provide those ladders of opportunity for all of you and can provide job training that is indeed relevant to the needs of the employers. And that's exactly what our grant program is all about. I appreciate the fact that you were able to name the whole program. We need to upgrade our department of name management because we don't do really well in the acronym department. But I can tell you, we're very serious about building the capacity of community colleges and other institutions of higher learning to make sure that they can prepare you, students who are here today, for the jobs of today and tomorrow. And I again want to underscore my thanks to all of the faculty members here because I'm very familiar from my time in local government and state government with how well you get paid. And I know no one's getting rich in this room. But as you watch your students succeed and as you see them just absolutely flourish, we all know that what brings you back day in and day out is the fact that the non-monetary rewards continue to be priceless. And those rewards are about students who are moving into those pathways of opportunity, making sure those ladders are open to everyone who's willing to work hard and play by the rules and do the hard work that it takes to get into these jobs. I've heard the word a lot, mission critical today. And that is a very critical word. I'm learning what it means here in North Carolina. And what it means is across a host of industries, it is training people to do those critical IT and other related tasks that will enable you to succeed tomorrow. Because skills development is truly one of the pillars of the Obama-Biden strategy to grow the economy, not from the top down, but from the middle out. And we know we have the best workers in the world, but they need us to invest in their true potential and their ability to compete now and in the future. The paradox of our country right now is that the economy is moving, it's growing. We've had 44 consecutive months of private sector job growth. Over seven and a half million jobs have been created during that period. And the private sector has been the engine of that job growth. But we also know that we need to pick up the pace. And we have the paradox of unacceptably high unemployment, but at the same time, we have so many employers who wanna further expand their business, but they lack the skilled workforce to enable them to do that. And that is why this program and this investment is so critically important. Because that is what we will enable you to do to make sure that you are able to move into jobs that are demand-driven jobs that will pay you a decent wage and provide those ladders of opportunity so that you can continue your lifelong learning.  Lifelong learning is what it's all about. When I started college, my mother started college, that same year, because she didn't have those opportunities to go to college when she was younger. And she completed her college the same year I completed my graduate school eight years later. She had some on-ramps and some off-ramps because she had family responsibilities like so many of you here. And she had other challenges like so many of you here, but she was persistent like all of you here.  The partnerships will pay off. The leaders, and I'm so looking forward to hearing from you, Kenneth, about your story of success and transition into the workforce and how you are using your capacity as a networking technology student here at Cleveland Community College to upskill. Education is indeed the great equalizer. That's what my folks always taught me, and that's what you are here embodying, that great equalizer of education. And now, matching that education with the job needs of remarkable employers in this area, the sky's the limit. And that is why we were so excited to award this grant to this incredible consortium. So congratulations to all of you, and we look forward to learning more from students, from our business partners, from our education partners, and from all of you. You are in a great place. The future is bright for all of you, and I am thrilled to be here with Dr. Biden to talk about that and to talk about where we go from here. Thank you so much. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you.


This is a message to Mariah. There's a lot a lot going on in my mind lately It's just so crazy to think like how young we are I feel like there's a stereotypical thing where it's like, you know, you're too young to get married guys This is like a huge deal and I don't know like I just now I'm not in the the ready place to move further Hey, babe What you doing? I want to go to the film. Sorry. I love you. Yeah, you can be in here for a while Okay, all right. Well, I'm gonna be out here. Love you.  All right Guys so as you see by the title, I don't know there's no other easy way of saying this But I've been waiting a long time to do a video like this to I don't know I just I feel like this is the right time to start talking about this I know we've been like hinting at a lot of things and talking about a lot of things and everyone in our comments recently are like Oh my god, you guys got to get married.  Everyone's like hyping me up like I gotta do this. Let me just tell you. Thank you all for supporting us so much Thank you all for wanting this amazing moment to happen because I want it just as much and I'm gonna do it When I'm ready so stay tuned because you know, you never know when it's gonna come You never know what's gonna come this video. I want you all to watch with Mariah This is a message to my future wife Mariah Marie Kovarubius. Obviously like I wouldn't be marrying anyone else But Mariah, this is for you. She's in the other room and if she hears me I don't care because either way she's gonna be listening to this and I feel like I just wanted to make this really Sentimental for her and for all of you so you can understand what my feelings are with this Oh and by the way guys before I say anything else with this video Make sure to hit that subscribe button. Thank you guys so much for staying tuned with our channel guys throughout the video I'm going to be saying a certain word. Okay, and you guys have to comment down below that word It's gonna be randomly placed in the middle of this video somewhere So I'm gonna say it out you guys will know when I do say it and if you comment that down below Those are the people that we are going to be shouting out in our future videos and giveaways and stuff because I want to see how good you guys are at watching the whole video all the way through and Picking out what word it is. So make sure to stay tuned guys subscribe make sure to hit that thumbs up button We're trying to get this video I'm trying to get this video to as many likes as we can for our future wedding and for you Mariah This is all for you so look down there if they love you they're gonna like it up for you But there's a lot a lot going on in my mind lately. We're at our apartment right now We just moved in probably I don't know like four months ago almost and we are we already want to move to Florida That's our destination. That's the spot that we want to be and that's also the spot getting to it that I want to You know pop the question Mariah already knows that okay. This is nothing to hide remember This is a message to Mariah. So everything that you guys are seeing right now I'm gonna make her watch this after the video is posted I'm not even gonna like have her rewatch it after it's done edited Mariah is literally watching it with you guys So make sure to go down in the comments and be like yo what up Mariah, you know Hope you enjoyed we want to you know do it in Florida and that's our main goal And we're hoping to move out there.  We're hoping to move out there in April That's our goal. That's when our lease is up at our apartment and a lease is basically you got to get out Or you got to pay for you know to stay here for another six months or whatever So Lisa ends in April and that's our plan if you did not see we actually set it on our vlog channel We have a channel called marble vlogs on that we you know set a little bit more in that I don't want to get too much into that but Mariah my gosh am I ready? Okay, so I Really feel like there's a I feel like there's a stereotypical thing where it's like, you know You're too young to get married and blah blah blah, but like I'm low-key. I'm ready. Okay. I'm ready I just got to wait for the right time now because I don't know like I just know I'm not in the Ready place the right setting to move further because you know I want to get a house And I want to do all these things and in the process of that once we get out to Florida I think I'll be a hundred percent.   It's gonna be insane I can't wait I want to make this video for all of you and you can just see how excited I am like I'm like It's just so crazy to think like how young we are but at the same time like how ready I am We've been almost dating for four years like come on four years really we still have an amazing Relationship and it's only getting better and the fact that you know all of you guys can experience that with us We want to be role models We want to be people that you look at and you're like I love those guys Because we love you like we literally look at our fans, and we're like oh my gosh I love these guys like we see you guys coming up to us in public, and it's just like it makes the whole experience Better there's so much to talk about I think I covered most of like our wedding stuff I don't know should I bring a Mariah now like god. I'm so excited I'm just so happy for our future and to get everything rolling. Let me go see what she's up to. I don't know Maybe she's like peeping. I feel like she's like listening right now to me Did I just scare you? Did you hear me? Can you come out here really quick? I was even trying to break you babe Mariah Right so So we got some tea to talk about babe. Okay, huh? So you didn't really didn't hear me at all I was watching tiktok. I just poured on my heart to Marvel squad. What without me? Yeah without you All right, so I actually want to put you up to a test right now. Yes. Yeah, I'm gonna leave you alone with the camera I'm not gonna be listening all I want you to do is talk about What you feel about us getting married and how all your feelings if you're ready if you're not ready How are you feeling? I'm gonna give you like two minutes. I'm gonna come back in What Yeah You get the king seat guys look at it. Oh by the way before we do anything else mama squad.  I know I'm not though. Don't worry. All right, babe pop a squat sit right here I know you're putting me on the spot. Love you. So what am I saying? Don't mess it up. Talk about just say whatever comes to your mind when it comes to wedding Are you ready? Are you not you know? Okay, we'll go somewhere else and don't listen and I'm not gonna watch this until the video is posted Okay, Marvel Squad, so I was kind of thrown into this a little bit. Not sure What so my thoughts on if I want to get engaged or not now? Obviously Bill got on one knee right now and asked me to I would say yes because I feel in our relationship Being for almost four years four years will be in March, which is insane I've never been with somebody for that long and still feel so in love with somebody I feel like I'm a lot of people after a certain time like they start getting sick of each other and like they're like whatever Obviously, we do get in our bickermans. We do get in our fights But honestly like I can't see myself anybody else obviously right now even though I'm ready and I would say yes and get engaged now I personally think we should wait until we get into Florida, which we are in the next two months I'm not sure if they'll told you guys that the little sneak peek. That's our plan I told Bill I was like I'd rather just wait to get our house and you know We get settled into Florida and then obviously that would be the next step. So I'm not really in any rush I know it's gonna happen when the timing is right and it's all gonna work out in its favor So to answer the question if I'm ready Yes, I am ready and I cannot wait for the day where this promise ring is not on this finger I get a real ring and it goes on This finger we do need to go ring shopping because I need to show Bill I need to actually try on rings. I want to see what I like So maybe I'm on our vlog channel or even on this channel depending on what you guys want to see I think we might do it on our vlog channel because that's what we want to do is more behind the scenes So maybe we could take you guys into a ring shop and show you guys behind the scenes and be picking out the ring that I want So yeah, I'm so excited and I cannot wait for my future with Bill I can I'm so excited for our future with you guys and it keep growing and just you know be a family So hopefully that answers the question. Okay I'm done Yeah, I explained my story. You said you said you said you didn't say give it all paragraph I answered the question so you can you can have 10 minutes talking about you You cover everything that you wanted to cover I think so yeah, I hope so mom's no I did it I was literally in the bathroom in the door. I shut it and I was like, oh god I really hope she's saying only good things I feel like we think a lot of life we do and we really know what we want So like I don't know what would you give me a little hint of what you were done? Guys the exact time that you guys are watching right now is when I'm watching so hopefully hopefully we're still together Hey wait before we do anything else this is the time in the video I told him early I'm gonna say a word and for those who are watching all the way through they're commenting on those words Those are the people that we're gonna be picking for the giveaways So we have to see who's watching the video all the way through the word is Florida, okay, that's our future goal. It's been our goal. Who shoot now. We got to get back to it because people She sneezes every video I don't know. I think it's like you just having a focus maybe you get really focused in your sinuses just get like You know in flame. I don't know gross season all the time Florida has been our home for years now we since I started getting guys like Florida is the place that I just feel at home with you I feel happier with you out there. Yeah, the vibes are so much better out there We're not I'm in literal seasonal depression right now with the with the weather and it being just drowsy I I literally just want to get out and I'm gonna be warm weather Yeah, no no storm the other day and I'm not even kidding two feet two feet of snow five or ten inches No, like insane. No by my parents houses here was like five to ten inches Okay, but guys literally it did not snow all year and then the one time it snows It just hammers us with a snow storm. They're like up. There you go. You know here you go for the snow But I hope you guys enjoy this video. I will cannot wait to see what you said about me You don't even know the video's title. Let me just give you a hint. It's just a it's just a message. It's just a message Guys, I hope you enjoyed this video I really wanted to touch up on marriage because it's been talked about a lot and you guys are getting really excited And we I couldn't leave them on a cliffhanger Stay them tuned and even for me I hope it clears up like when we are ready and when we are wanting to get married because We just also could COVID going on I want to make sure like it's kind of more settled down and like we can have the perfect wedding I've always dreamed of the most beautiful list Unforgettable I think I might want a little hint. I want to venue in Florida. I already got that covered All right guys, well we love you and make sure to hit that subscribe button if you are new to our channel Also, we have a second vlog channel called Marble Vlogs. We're about to hit 20,000 subscribers on it insane It's saying thank you guys so much make sure to go check out those videos as well And we will see you guys in the next video


Hello, welcome to SSUnitech social website and this is continuation of Power BI tutorial. So today we are going to see how we can create the table manually and insert the data into that table inside the Power BI query editor. So go to on Power BI query editor and here as we can see, now we just want to create a new table and where we want to insert the data on that table. So how we can do inside the query editor. So before going forward just go to on dimension address table and here let me remove all the columns except the country name and here just want to remove the duplicate values. After that we will have distinct country names. Now we can copy all these. After that just roll back what we did. So these two steps. Now here go to on home ribbon and here we can see we are having this option interdata. So we can click on this. Here we can see this is the column one and here we can specify the table name. So in the table name we can say that country short name. So this is our table name and here we can paste what we have copied. So this is our country name. So we just want one more column. So click on here and one column is added and it should be the short name. Now for France it should be the FR for Australia it should be the AUS for United Kingdom it should be the UK for Germany it should be the BRD then US after that Canada CDN. So this is the process by which we can create the table and we can also insert the data on that table. Here as we can see we have manually typed these short names and we have copied this country name and we can directly copy and paste in this table. Now we can click on OK and we will see. So here as we can see country short names this is the country name and this is the short name. How we can create the table and how we can insert the data on that table inside the query editor. So thank you so much for watching this video. If you like this video please subscribe my channel to get many more videos and don't forget to press the bell icon to get the notification of our newly uploaded videos. Thank you so much.


Okay, thanks everyone for joining us for this year and we'll be watching this on YouTube both now and later to watch. My name is Joey Webstrand. I'm a British Academy post-doctorate fellow at SOAS University of London and pleased to have us in our webinar today, Dr. Nick Kelfman, Nick is the reader in sign languages and deaf studies at the University of Central Lancashire. I always pronounce British place names with a bit of trepidation because I'm never sure how they're actually pronounced. He's also co-director of the Island's Institute for Sign Language and Deaf Studies. I presented twice at conferences where Nick is also presenting. First one was about two years ago, but at that time I was recovering from a foot injury and it wasn't very mobile and misexplicitation. So I was fortunate that earlier this year, at the beginning of this year, we were again presenting at the same conference and that's when I finally got to see a bit of what Nick's work actually looks like and it was really interesting to see what he's been doing and what we can all learn through the work that he's been doing and so I was excited to have opportunity to hear more from you today. Nick's work fits in pretty well with a lot of things we're interested in at SOAS also. Obviously SOAS has been very involved in language documentation for a long time and so the work Nick does documenting Indonesian Sign Language is interesting both for the content of the corpus he makes but also for the methodology the users may be coming from that and of course SOAS has also been interested in Indonesia for a long time as well. It's a place where you can learn Indonesian as part of your degree, perhaps the only university in Indonesia where that happens, I'm not sure if there's any other university teaching Indonesian and of course we have people studying all aspects of Indonesian culture and society and so seeing what Nick can bring in terms of new aspects of Indonesian society is also interesting to us. So we're interested to hear about what you've been doing and learn from your work. I'll just remind everyone in case you missed it in the presentation that Nick will be presenting in British Sign Language and we're very fortunate that Sarah will be here interpreting for those of us who don't know BSL so the language interpretation. Nick will speak for about 40 or 45 minutes then we'll save some time at the end of this hour together for questions. If any questions come to mind during a while we'll listen to this talk you can put that into the chat or if you're watching on YouTube you can make a comment on YouTube video but then at the end of the presentation I'll try to get to as many of your questions as we have time for at the end. With that being said thank you so much Nick for joining us and we look forward to hearing from what you have to share today. Thank you very much. Can I just check? Yeah can everybody see me okay? Just checking the interpreter can see me as well so thank you very much Joey for that introduction. I'm really delighted to be here today presenting this afternoon and really I've been doing this work for 10 years with the deaf community and deaf friends in Indonesia so I've been gathering this corpus in sign language in Indonesia for a period of time so I was thinking how best to represent that and show you the work the extensive work that I've been doing over this period of time and I thought the best way would be to pick five clips which is why it's entitled as it is today the corpus in five clips but first of all just a little brief introduction I know Joey has given a little bit of an introduction and explained that I'm from the Islands Institute and that was set up in 2007 and that was really to look at research in international communities deaf communities but also we wanted to look at the impact as well it was it was useful to look at the research that we were doing and also the impact that that was having so we were looking at India and Indonesia so we established Poupet which you can hopefully see on that slide there and that was with an aim to really doing lots of research work it was established in 2014 with a colleague of mine called Muhammad and the three aims you can see there it was really to do some sign language research and sign language teaching and look at the teaching capacity and improve that capacity and also try to improve literacy in Indonesia for deaf children so really this presentation I was talking to Muhammad I was discussing it with Muhammad beforehand and he has actually recorded his various views and opinions which I've managed to capture so I would like to introduce Muhammad to you and I will incorporate those throughout the powerpoint I try to actually incorporate them within the powerpoint but there seem to be some kind of software breakdown so what I'm going to have to do is to switch between powerpoint and showing you the video footage through some of the means so please all start praying now but this video is going to work as it should whilst I get the first clip of Muhammad to show to you so he can introduce himself to you so my name is Muhammad and this is my sign name I'm from Solo in central Java I remember that Nick and I first met in 2009 and at that time Nick was a volunteer with the SO we talked and I found out that he's from England then Nick came back to Indonesia as a researcher looking at sign language varieties in different Indonesian cities he was filming people signing and I saw this I was interested and decided to join his projects so hopefully that all runs smoothly and you could see that all okay and there'll be more from Muhammad later throughout this presentation but I think it's important that we have this awareness of Bicindo first so I introduced Bicindo to you so Bicindo was developed you know we don't really know exactly when and we've tried to look for evidence but there's no records as such as to when it was introduced but we know that the first death school was established in the 1930s so that means that we have knowledge that at that time there were deaf children who were educated together do we know if the teacher used sign language no we don't but we do know that socially or maybe you know in dormitories or in other non-formal settings sign language was developing and it's possible that it was around before then as well we just don't know so the name Bicindo was given to the language in 2000s by an organisation called Gurkatin and it's the Indonesian Association for the Welfare of the Death and they gave Bicindo its name and so the name was actually given many years later after the language had already been developed but there are some questions linked with language delineation so was it one sign language were there many different sign languages at that time so the Bicindo corpus all together there were 131 signers from six different regions in Indonesia and you can see there the photos of the people who were involved we have dyads triads and tetrads and and it was free conversations that we were eliciting that free conversation from people and sometimes if there was no appropriate partner or interlocutor the researcher would actually lend a hand and be part of that conversation and elicit the natural conversation from another interlocutor so all together there's nine hours of corpus of natural conversation of signed conversation so all together there are 46,091 signs that you can see within that corpus so now we're trying to find working on a lexical database similar to a dictionary if you like which means that each sign will have its own gloss its own name will be put against that sign and that's obviously a huge piece of work and it's not easy so we're you know we're working on that but it's at a slow pace obviously because it's an enormous piece of work so you can see there with the you can see with the corpus the sample stratification if we can see by gender there were people from different places and also there were people of different ages you can see there as well I think there's I've got the slide up there but I just wanted to show you this the six different areas because this is really important for for the corpus itself for people to know so we've got Padang, Pontinaq, Solo, Makassar, Singara and Bon with the six areas we went to elicit that data okay so there were two stages of doing this so first of all we went to Solo and Makassar and that was 2010 to 2015 and that was at the period of time that we collected the data and then the second stage was 2016 to 2019 from Anbonne, Pontinaq, Singara and Padang so yeah and I must say a huge thank you to the funders as well and the Levinshum Trust and CBM huge thank you to them if I hadn't had that funding then this would not have been possible so it's important to acknowledge their part in this as well so the six geographical regions we we chose because we wanted to represent Indonesia and we wanted to represent these different geographical areas we didn't want to just focus on one specific area maybe you know Indonesia is a huge vast country of many many islands and there's a huge difference in terms of culture in terms of religion and many people's spoken language is actually very different as well so it was very important to recognize that and in doing that find a balance and elicit the data from an array of different places which is why we chose those six areas and it was linked with you know most people I had met people from those places before so there were people I knew but I want to go back a little bit to the table so I'll just go back there because you can see the age ranges the categories the groupings that we have there the four groupings so you can see that most of them are over a 10-year period but the early group if you like the oldest of the groups they spawn a 30-year period and so older people though it was there were very few and it was very hard to find those older people and those older sign language users to be part of the corpus and so now I'm going to bring Mohammed back again and he's going to talk about why it was hard to find some of these older sign language users and he'll also talk about our experience of looking for deaf people to participate in this you know in city areas it was quite easy but in more rural parts it was more difficult so I'll hand over to Mohammed to explain that to you and then Mohammed will talk about some of these different regions and what his experience of when he met people whether he could understand them or whether there was any miscommunication or communication difficulties okay so there's a few different clips here from Mohammed but first I was helping to find deaf people we wanted to recruit signers of different ages to take part but it wasn't easy to find older signers we had to go and find them because they didn't want to come to the place where we'd been doing the filming so we had to ask around and find out where they lived and then ask them if they wanted to take part in the filming and notice the difference in how easy it was to communicate with some older signers because when they were young there were no deaf schools so I felt there was more variation among the older signers that we met when we went to Pontinec the deaf community was very well networked some friends sent an sms round and the deaf people gathered together in one place for filming it was the same in Padang and in Singara there was a place where deaf people came together but in Ambon things were quite different the deaf people didn't seem together and we had quite a search on our hands to find people tried to use a snowball method sometimes we were told that there was a deaf person in a certain place but there was no one there and Bonn has had no local deaf association which might help to explain this we had to travel to places that were far away up in the hills very far away nowhere close by at all my experience of communicating with people in these cities was that many of their signs were the same as mine if someone used a sign I didn't know I would ask what it meant but in general their dialects were intelligible to me okay thank you to Sarah there I think the text was coming up quite fast so um so I want to explain a little bit about the background of the corpus as well um so now it's time to dive into it and have a look at these clips as I promised as I would represent the corpus in these five clips I'm aware that maybe you are aware of the background of sign language linguistics well maybe not so much um so I'll just you know go through a little bit to help you understand this certainly at a superficial level um so I want to start talking about manual alphabets um most of the world of sign language has manual alphabets and maybe you maybe when you were younger maybe you learned some of your own manual alphabet and I think many people use the the manual alphabet and it's their first contact with sign language through the alphabet in Indonesian sign language it's quite interesting because the manual alphabet there isn't just one but there are two so there's basindo alphabet and there's also the asl alphabet so if we go about this two-handed basindo on one-handed which is the asl so basindo alphabet I believe it was introduced by the Dutch by a Dutch teacher or Dutch teachers but because we've found some similarities with the alphabet in the Netherlands and also in Germany as well so I think the teachers thought we need a way when they were over there in Indonesia whenever it was to teach literacy and they they introduced the alphabet to Indonesia and then the asl alphabet was introduced in the 1980s and that was from America and then it became incorporated by the government they they established a dictionary and they used Siby and I'll just explain what Siby is it's completely different to basindo it was created really through a committee and it follows the Indonesian spoken language grammar so it follows the same order of grammar used in spoken Indonesian and the alphabet really gained popularity and spread throughout Indonesia the asl alphabet but if you can just have a look at this slide you've got the six different places there and you can see in the blue which is basindo the basindo manual alphabet and you've got the orange which is asl the asl manual alphabet and I checked the corpus to look at how many for each of the different regions the six regions we're using basindo and asl so you can see that's represented in the graph there and it's it's quite impactful I think this slide because it shows you the variety because in in Makasal there's a lot of basindo and in Anbon you've got a huge amount of asl and the reason for that I think is linked to education primarily but also for Anbon some people will know there was a war a civil war in Anbon and at that time it had an impact on the deaf community some people fled the region and Muhammad said that the deaf people there didn't really have any kind of organization any community and so the language transmission if you like was broken so I think that's why there's a strength of asl and the influence of asl is even more marked in Anbon from young people who have not learned basindo from the older community members and I think that's why there's such a stark difference there so altogether you know in terms of how many signs there are based on the manual alphabet there's 4.5 percent of signs based on the manual alphabet some hearing people think sign language is the same as the manual alphabet it's exactly the same and it's really not and so that's just one small part of this work and the manual alphabet is used in lots of different ways there's lots of different strategies if you like which are represented on this slide it could be the full word finger spelling the full word it could be fingers it could be spelling the first letter of the word so for example BSL Monday is M that this is the BSL for Monday which is M initialization and then the third way it could be to spell you know using two or three letters and taking those from the words and I'll give you an example of that later or the fourth way could be using I've called it initialization using a hand shape of a letter from a particular sign so an example of that would be from American sign language the sign for family if you can see here if I use the F shape that's family that's the sign for family but you can change the F to an S and it becomes society the S you could change to a T and it becomes team so you can see family society and team so you can see that's all through using the same location and using the same hand movements with different different hand shapes and it's the initialization using that particular initialization to convey that so drumroll please we have our first clip so finally you may be thinking and this is a person from Padang and at that time of filming I think she this lady was in her early 70s and so first of all I will show you the clip and I won't tell you what it means I'll just show you first of all it's very brief so twice she signs this and it's quite interesting for me because the first time I saw the clip I thought I don't understand that I don't really know what she's saying and the same with Muhammad who's a native Indonesian sign language user and then later we watched it again and we realized the meaning of it so I'll show you again and then I'll explain what it means so Ibu Ibu is mother mother and she's using this Ibu Ibu and it's from three letters I be you I be and you but over time those three letters have changed to this movement and they've morphed into this this one movement so and but it actually means I be you Ibu from the word mother and this process is called nativization and maybe you know if you're doing research into spoken languages you'll know it well a word could be borrowed from a particular language and then nativized into a spoken language because it and it's changed in that in that way so if you think about Indonesian spoken language the word for computer has been taken and the pronunciation has been taken to match the phonetics of the Indonesian spoken alphabet spoken language so it's the same process with sign language sign language has its own phonetics and that's linked with the for example hand movement and sound shape and the three letters I be you I be and you it doesn't really match sign language phonology very well so you can see that this process has taken place of nativization and it's a similar process that happens for other words as well for example for milk and for teacher and bankrupt so it's the same process so if you take the teacher the Indonesian for teacher the written word guru G U R U and it's become this so that's everything G U R U incorporated into that sign so it's been nativized and Padang also there's a tendency to pick three letters two or three letters from a word so for example word the word year is signed like this so TM or the word Sunday like this M and G and I want to have a look at the different age groups at this point and I've talked about the four different strategies for using the manual alphabet and if you look now the oldest group here use many of those different ways that I've shown you you know they'll use the two or three letters you can see the red there is quite dominant but then the younger group of sign language uses you can see that's very there's a negligible amount very tiny amount of using that particular strategy compared with initialization which is much stronger there are many that are using initialization and you can see that in the light blue at the final bar on that graph so what do I think is happening well there's been the introduction of ASL the ASL manual alphabet was introduced and I think in some way that thwarted the growth of those the two-handed Bacindo alphabet but it's possible that there'll be a change back to using Bacindo because now people have become more aware of what's going on and in terms of their history that they have this two-handed alphabet then ASL infiltrated and they may well say well we don't want ASL we want to go back to using Bacindo so it'd be quite interesting to observe what will happen over the coming years okay so we'll move on now to the second clip and so it's important for you to know that in terms of sign language you use hand shapes you can use orientation location and movement to convey meaning so I was doing a study on completions so that was in solo and also Makassar and I found four different forms for completed particles but also it's it's possible to show mouthings as well to use to express the completion using of mouthings from the Indonesian spoken word so I'll now show you the four forms of the completed particles so if you see this is one two three and four so there are four different completed particles so now I'll show you the second clip and this is from Makassar and it's important that you know in sign language there are various different articulators that you can use at the same time simultaneously so I was checking the corpus to try and find a really good example of this of completives and I found this particular example I think this is really interesting so I want to ask if you can pick up how many different articulators there are how many times the completives are used and if you can pick up what's happening so it's just to give you a little bit of background she's talking about her brothers and her sisters have they been on pilgrimage to the Hajj pilgrimage or have they not yet been so she's talking about which of the siblings have or have not been so I'll just let you view that clip I think maybe I'll show you again it's quite fast so maybe you've captured um there are three different articulators that she's using at the same time so on a left hand she's saying she's counting she's saying these siblings um the brothers and sisters the first the oldest the second the third and so on she's going in order of age and then this that she's doing is showing the pilgrimage the pilgrimage she's showing that expressing that on her head and then she's mouthing the Indonesian word as well for finished suda suda already done so at the same time there's three um in one if you like and I think that's this is absolutely fascinating so I'll show you one more time I think that's it's just amazing how much information is crammed in to this you know short clip at the same amount of time the coordination of using her right hand left hand the movement that she's doing around her head and also um that articulation on the mouth as well the mouthing is amazing I'm going to go straight on to clip three now um because the topic's the same we're talking about completives so um this clip if you have a look at the mouthings there are different variations of mouthings to um to convey that something has been completed and there's also different uh variation apparent so I will show this clip so have a look just watch it um and you'll see when those signs are cropping up some are being used very very quickly um over and again so um that clip there uh there's two good friends from Indonesia having that chat and they're talking about um a family someone getting married and how many times they they say it in that clip is 13 times and it's 22 seconds in total so you know there's real kind of persistence there first time I saw it I was absolutely gobsmacked I was amazed and I thought this is fascinating and it shows that variation so well um and maybe you're surprised how many times it's shown but I need to inform you um you know in terms of Indonesian culture the use of not yet or finished is really important um and many questions so have you eaten finished or have you eaten not yet married finished or married not yet so you have to remember uh though those questions you know it's finished not yet finished not yet that's very much part of Indonesian language and if you have a look at the two interlocutors there and which variation they're using um you can see there that's captured just on that slide so you can see on the right um is mainly using the second variant and on the left he's using mainly the first variant so also there's twice twice there's mildings in there as well um plus one time there's a fourth variant as well so I was really interested to research this and look at persistence um so in terms of variation I wanted to understand a little bit more so for example uh you know I got the corpus and um I found that 58 percent of the time they're using the same variant um so they exhibit persistence and if the if the other variants there are some switching some changes and that could be to match the other person the other interlocutor but that's rarely actually occurring that's only happening in 9 percent of the corpus 9 percent of the time so we don't know if that's just accommodation um are they accommodating are they trying to match the person or is it something else okay so I hope um you're all with me so far and now we're going to plow straight ahead to the fourth clip so the fourth clip is linked with gesture and um the research shows that um speech gesture um the speech justice gesture system um is used so emblems um become fixed and they become conventionalized within particular region for example so maybe you know in Indonesia I'll ask you um this gesture what do you think this means in Indonesia the gesture if you are Indonesian yourself or if you know Indonesian um you will know that this means mad or crazy um so in English you know maybe an English person or a British person would see that and think oh means something different means I don't know not sure and so they wouldn't necessarily understand that so speech gestures can be linked with a place um and if you don't believe me go to Italy because there are many many co-speech gestures that are evident in Italy there are so many there so these are really short little um clips I'm going to show you um three negative particles and I want you to have a look at these three and try to decide which you think which are from Indonesian co-speech gesture okay so have a look so the first one the yellow one the green one and the purple one okay so I'll let you have a look again at that so the first one the yellow that's this um movement the green one and the purple one okay so which do you feel which one is from spoken gesture Indonesian spoken gesture well is I've been a little bit cheeky really because it's not just one there's actually two of them that are derived from Indonesian co-speech so do you think it's if you was thinking the yellow and the purple you'd be correct it's the yellow and the purple um they are co-speech gestures from Indonesian um so are they from Indonesia um you know this this handshake here this this movement the yellow one the purple one is used in some areas but not all areas whereas the yellow one is used throughout Indonesia so you can see the prevalence of the um negations negative existence is there um throughout those six locations that I mentioned I was studying so purples only use actually in three different places and then there's one area you can see there in sangara where um they're using all three varieties and I want to show you a clip here of this um and you know there are lots of um there are the person is displaying negatives um and trying to explain uh negatives but is using um those different variants that I've just explained to you so you can see she's using this variant um and she's saying I don't have it for not allowed for um doesn't matter so she's using the same for three those three different occasions to convey those three different meanings and I was thinking why some areas have some of the negations and some don't uh why they're not prevalent in some places and I think it's linked with the history um of Hinduism and how Hinduism has spread from India because this sign is used in India and it's from Indian sign language and it's also used in Cambodia as well um and possibly in other locations as well in other countries um and in some areas of Indonesia it's very strong that use um so I think it's linked very much with that because deaf people will see something visual some gestural movement and it will be incorporated into the sign language okay we're approaching the fifth clip now so the fifth clip's a little bit different um I at the end I asked people who had been involved in the research and I asked them and I said how do you feel about the research documentation where we've done so I was a little bit surprised with their responses but also pleased with their responses um so I'll show you the clip and also Muhammad has some extra thoughts that he adds um linked with the impact of this research and the corpus and how it's benefited him personally and also that through our research we've been trying to look at that um benefits and you know giving that benefit back to the deaf community in Indonesia and making it a benefit for them so I'll show those clips now in sequence so you can see what people have to say so Sarah um the interpreter a big breath ready to um articulate what's what's being said here okay so how do you feel about the documentation work we've done with the question delighted really good I liked it I'm very happy I like using Elan it's the first time I've used it here in solo we never knew about Elan before it's good to know about it I'm happy the lady I was glad to have the chance to learn some new words remember when we were transcribing the data in Elan for me it was good to be able to look at signing in depth for example there might be a sign that I find confusing but with Elan we could look at the sentence again more slowly and then it made sense at a deeper level my experiences in the field have been very useful for me I've been exposed to so many different variants and different ways of signing things from men and women older signers younger signers different styles and ways of using the sign space I learned such a lot now I interpret on one of the television news channels I've met so many signers with different strengths so as I interpret I have this in mind and I try to sign as visually as I can in a way that they might understand without the experience that I've had I would just give it my best shot but having seen how people sign in the corpus I'm more aware of what they might understand research on research on Basindo is so important this becomes part of how we convince other people about our language they always ask do you have any research any data the research that we've done in different regions helps to shed light on our language Basindo I remember in Macassar we stayed with Ibu Ramya she had a shop selling donuts and many deaf people came to the shop we realized it was an opportunity I had experience of running a deaf organization so I gave a presentation to share knowledge with them and encourage them to be honest we know how important it is to support the deaf communities in the places where we have been doing our research but we are aware of the challenges the distance is involved but also the challenges of keeping in touch and there has been quite a bit of miscommunication as we try to communicate by SNS so that's a lot of information to throw at you all lots of thought-provoking information and they were talking about Ilan in those clips the data and that's the software we used for documentation the documentation of the sign language and it had a huge impact on them because it was the first time they were able to watch things slowly and go back and it really provoked a lot of thoughts about the sign language and Mohammed and Mohammed talked about Macassar before as well about trying to share that knowledge and trying to share his experience as well and linked with deaf organizations and developing but also we're talking about the challenges and those challenges for example of you know Indonesia is so vast you've got all these different islands and places so the challenges are there in terms of geography but there are some different activities that we we did so we organized two people from each of the six places that we went to we organized some training and some research linked with linguistics these workshops that we held and we had we had a university in Jakarta and it was the Akmagaya University in Jakarta so you can see here this is where we went to the library we had a look around we did some research we thought about that research and thought about why it was important and then we looked at the data in Ilan and everything that we'd been able to capture to do that research and the university lecturers we invited as well to come from those six different areas so they were also able to be part of looking at that Ilan data so that's my presentation finished and my presentation through five clips I hope it's given you some idea of what I've been doing over these these years and the research that I've identified through this I'd like to say thank you very much to Joey Love-Strand for inviting me here to deliver this presentation and it's also really important to thank the Indonesian deaf community and the people who've been such a health such as Mohammed and lots of other people as well who've been involved in helping me along the way and I'd also like to thank you all as well for participating in this I have an email here on that last slide you're more than welcome to contact me with any questions but now hopefully we can have a discussion and a question and answer session so I invite questions from you all thank you very much thank you very much Nick that was great very good to see more of your work and to hear from the Indonesians you've been working with about what they think we have a few questions already so some here in zoom and there is one on the YouTube so let me go to Lily Anne's question here in the chat just looking at Lily Anne's first entered question together she asked is besindo or ASL taught in schools and related to that what's the Indonesian government commitment towards Indonesian Sign Language so thank you Lily Anne for that question that first question just to let you know most schools in Indonesia are oral so the teachers don't use any sign language at all so that's why you know the teachers themselves don't really have any opportunity for training for any sign language acquisition and knowledge and some schools have a dictionary which is government provided so there's a signing system which is provided from the government they've got that dictionary and maybe some teachers will try to copy some of the signs from that dictionary but you know most deaf children in Indonesia don't have experience of any kind of education there's no access really to that so it's very hard to understand they find it very hard to understand what the teacher's saying so if the child is in a mainstream setting or maybe inclusive school maybe it's deemed an inclusive school it's very very difficult for them to understand or maybe there's a deaf child that lives in a very rural setting so they don't necessarily go to school because the parents don't know where to send this deaf child maybe they don't have that awareness and they think the child has a mental health problem or a learning difficulty and they're labeled stupid or you know and they might be embarrassed they might not want them to go out into public so I know of one school that uses besindo one school that used besindo some have strong sibu which I was talking about before which was the government sign system sibi sorry is that does that answer your question does that kind of cover everything that you were hoping to find out Lily answers thank you so I think that's the second question I can see there that's popped up you know besindo really you know new signs are created all the time because obviously you have new technology and technology moves on things are invented iPads phones apps are invented so for example so Instagram for example Instagram the sign is this Instagram Instagram because it's the I the I letter G and it's from the American and I and G and then this because maybe because you use photos so it's that camera motion which is captured within the sign for Instagram so you can see you have partly iconic signs but also based very much on finger spelling as well with the handshape so that's one way that new signs are created but are they always linked with finger spelling absolutely not no there are very many different ways that signs are created the third question I'm just looking at this the Indonesian government the attitude of the Indonesian government towards besindo and I think for many years the Indonesian government just didn't have that awareness that they have besindo and they didn't have that awareness that it had its own grammar its own lexicon its own lexical dictionary and so on but recently they've become more aware and there's one law which is now besindo and cb and both are enshrined in the law so it means now that there's this slow kind of awareness this developing awareness within the Indonesian government that they have this besindo and it's been there for a long time so I'm hoping that they will support it in the years to come and maybe some of you know that the Indonesian government the most important thing in the in the government is language and literacy and so on and that is the the number one so if we can convince the government of that that deaf children can learn and they have that capacity to learn the language through besindo I think that would be a breakthrough and I think that would create the success that we need so are there any more questions so I just pasted one in the chat yeah from YouTube if you want to look at that one yeah yes so I can see that yeah I'll read it just for everyone else to so talking about completions and mildings of completions um but just asking about gesture as well to show completion so my response to that is I've not really noticed anything mouthing gesture wise I'll just explain the difference for clarification so you've got mouthings which is based on the spoken language or the spoken word so for example I showed you before suda suda being finished already and the mouthing gesture is a little bit different for completion um that's only in sign language it's not it's not from the spoken language like pa or bu bu or pa or fi which you can see on my mouth there but there's no link there with the written or spoken language it's it's sign language's own gesture mouthing gesture so I know I've not actually talked about this yet but in Bali you've got a different sign language there's one village that has its own sign language which is broken away from besindo um completely separate to besindo and that sign language has mouthing gesture and they're very clear mouthing gestures linked with completions and they show completions I think pa pa is um is the completion so there may be other signs as well or ba and that shows whatever it is has been completed has completed I don't know if that person if you have noticed anything yourself because I know you do research yourself in this particular field so maybe this is an area you have knowledge of yourself maybe we can take one last question the question from Suzanne in the chat she's asking about the mention of transmission of sign language in ambon that was interrupted by the civil war the question is does this relate to different grammatical structures in the version of variety in ambon in the sense of prealization over a second language acquisition phenomenon that simplifying grammatical structures is such a good question I know Suzanne Suzanne I know well and she loves creole and she's you know we've had many dialogues over the years talking about spoken language and sign language and creole so are you talking about the effect of the war and the effect on the structure I mean to be honest with you I don't really know I think a lot more research is required in that field because I know in terms of language transmission it has been affected in ambon so older deaf people fled young deaf people had no contact with the older with the elders in their deaf community so I think it meant that maybe young sign language users were more influenced by their education and I have seen that before as well because you know the contact I've had had with different people in Indonesia so you know they might be using a structure that's more simple or not I don't know it's difficult to say but I think more research is needed they might be using something that's more similar to Indonesian spoken language someone's asked a question about what exactly is SIBI SIBI and I'll just explain that just to respond to that question because I hope by now you've realised that the sign language grammar and spoken language grammar are completely different completely different but SIBI is one example of a group of it's a sign system it's not a sign language it's a sign system with the aim of taking the grammar of the spoken language the dominant spoken language and adding signs so it means that it doesn't have the order of a natural sign language it doesn't use space it doesn't use facial expressions it has one sign for every morpheme so in the written language so it means really actually it's very difficult to use because sign language has its own way of very cleverly showing things you know so like I said before that that example it was showing three simultaneous bits of information you know people have all sorts of ingenious ways of expressing things beautifully in a very natural way and if you tried to do that with SIBI using a sign system and having different signs for each morpheme it would become very heavy and impossible to sign and also you wouldn't have the speed that you have in a natural sign language so there are others as well other signing systems that have been created by hearing people by governments by teachers which means you know the linguistic rights there's an issue over the linguistics or linguistic rights though so I very much believe in strongly respecting the the rights of the deaf person and of their own natural beautiful visual languages and Indonesia has been trying to use this SIBI system for many years I think almost 30 years now and they've failed it's just not being established it's not being used by deaf children it's not being used in literacy many other means thank you so much Nick I think we're a bit over our time so we'll end there but thank you to you first for the work you're doing and thanks to all of your collaborators for giving us this insight into what's happening in the division sign language thank you also to Sarah for being with us today we really appreciate making this presentation possible for all of us to understand and follow thanks to everyone who came and joined those who asked questions and those who learned again we hope we'll have more opportunities to hear from Nick in the future thank you very much thanks everyone thank you thanks very much I just want to add a thank you to the interpreter as well thank you


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