What does a just transition look like? Just transition means that we can be whatever we have the courage to see. We do not only see a fossil free society in our future, but one that is inclusive and fair, when no one is left behind. Let's unpack this. Local communities will experience the changes and consequences of this transition firsthand. Only through listening to their concerns and acknowledging their situation, we create space for a just process. We can do this by embracing the power of intersectional knowledge through which communities can educate others on their needs and influence policymaking. A just transition will be feminist. Going forward, we need to be aware of pre-existing injustices and working towards tackling them. This is done by closing the gender gap, eliminating the burden of non-paid work, redistributing household and care work, and including women in re-skilling and retraining. Everyone needs to be on board for a just transition to happen. Not leaving anyone behind means actively working to decolonize our systems. We will keep challenging and give up spaces of power, as long as the system excludes marginalized communities. Young people will live longer with the consequences of inaction in the face of the climate crisis, so we need to ensure youth participation in decision making. For example, cooperatives should be accessible to young people and there should be an opportunity for the youth to take part in every level of power. In the future of the just transition, everyone has career alternatives outside the dirty energy sector and is trained to access them. Education and re-skilling opportunities need to be accessible, for example by removing fees. The pandemic showed us we are not ready for the management crisis of the future. Some of the social policies introduced as recovery measures should be kept and even taken to the next level. This is the right time to introduce universal basic income in order to fight the financial implications of the pandemic and all future changes on individual lives. Local authority should be in charge of organizing the transition, not big private corporations that history has shown are always ready to capitalize on every crisis. The main actors implementing the change must be known and lobbying at every level, including in the European Parliament, need to be visible to increase accountability. The current economic system is broken. Since GDP does not account for a country's success in achieving the well-being of people, we should use economic indicators that do. Another step can be shifting towards systems of self-governance and communal ownership of resources. A just transition will happen gradually, but a clear plan is needed now. We will all play a part in achieving this, which will be yours.


take your post please be seated it is lovely to see so many people here to celebrate one of our own here this morning so thank you for joining us we gather here today on hallowed ground the final resting place of one of our own the most famous musician in the Marine Corps and certainly one of the most iconic musicians in American history John Philip Sousa he was laid to rest here in historic Congressional Cemetery on March 10th bringing to close an illustrious career that began as a Marine Corps apprentice musician and that ended as the internationally renowned March King the men and women of the United States Marine Band are here today to commemorate his life and legacy I would like to begin by sincerely thanking the Congressional Cemetery staff for their steadfast support of this event as well as their careful tending to this historic site year-round I would also like to gratefully acknowledge any relatives of John Philip Sousa here today or watching via the live stream we are honored that you would join us please stand if you are able and be recognized you honor us with your presence thank you finally to all former members of the Marine Band in attendance and watching at home thank you for being with us here today John Philip Sousa was born 169 years ago today on November 6th 1854 at 636 G Street southeast right around the corner from the historic Marine barracks his father Antonio was a trombonist in the Marine Band the young Sousa received his first instruction in music at just six years old his studies eventually included lessons on piano violin flute cornet alto horn baritone trombone and last but not least in composition during Sousa's busy childhood the Civil War was raging and Washington was an armed camp the sounds of military music filled the city and had a profound effect on a young Sousa his father would often bring young John Philip to Marine Band rehearsals with him and the budding musician was even permitted to play crash cymbals or alto horn with the band on occasion the account of the beginning of Sousa's Marine Corps career sounds almost too fantastic to believe when only 13 years old Sousa was scouted he was approached by the leader of a circus band who heard him practicing the violin impressed with his ability the band leader persuaded a young Sousa to secretly run away from home and join the circus troop for a tour starting the very next morning unfortunately his father found out and put to bed that plan and the next morning on June 9th 1868 he escorted Sousa to Marine Barracks Washington and had him enlisted as an apprentice musician in the United States Marine Band foiled after serving almost seven years with the Marine Band Sousa decided to leave the Marine Corps and strike out on his own he began a very successful career performing and conducting with theater orchestras of Washington DC in Philadelphia while also beginning to write and publish his own original compositions five years after leaving the Marine Band the combatant of the Marine Corps tracked him down and offered him the position of director of the president's own and despite the fact that things were going quite well in his civilian career at that point Sousa jumped at the opportunity in October 1st 1880 the age of 25 he enlisted once more in the Marine Corps with service with the Marine Band this time as its 17th director for the next 12 years Sousa led the Marine Band and established it as one of the premier musical ensembles in the country and the reputation quickly began to spread well beyond the nation's capital and it was also during this time that Sousa began to put those composition lessons to use and began to write marches that would earn him the title of the March King in 1888 was Semper Fidelis the first March that you heard this morning which was dedicated to the offers officers and enlisted of the United States Marine Corps the Thunderer and the Washington Post followed shortly thereafter written in 1889 toward the end of his tenure as director Sousa was determined to regularly share the talents of the band's musicians with those beyond the border of Washington DC so in 1891 after receiving permission directly from president Benjamin Harrison Sousa took the band on its first ever national concert tour traveling through 13 states in New England and the Midwest the trip was a tremendous success and the second tour was scheduled the following year which took the band all the way to the West Coast these tours soon became an incredibly important part of the band's identity and its ability to connect directly with the American people and it is a practice that we proudly continue to this day after more than a decade as director Sousa's growing popularity and success prompted him to leave the Marine band to form his own civilian band he received his discharge following a special farewell concert at the White House on July 30th 1892 and he immediately formed the Sousa band for the next nearly four decades he led the most civilian successful civilian concert band in history making annual tours of North America for European tours and in 1910 and 1911 a monumental tour of the world during his lifetime and beyond Sousa had an immense impact on America's artistic culture and music but perhaps the greatest and most enduring influence Sousa has had was as an unabashed cheerleader of the American spirit and his music continues to inspire and stir American patriotism all across this nation and beyond on a personal note I find great resonance in the fact that John Philip Sousa and I are both second generation Americans born to immigrant parents who came to this great nation for opportunity and freedom as a Taiwanese American citizen I am honored to have the chance to be a steward of this venerable institution and along with Sousa reinforce the ideals that this nation was founded upon that all of us are created equal and capable of contributing to the fabric of this place we call home so today on John Philip Sousa's birthday the men and the women of the United States Marine Band are once again honored to gather at his final resting place to lay a wreath and grateful recognition of all that he gave to the Marine Band to the Marine Corps and to the nation following the wreath laying we will celebrate his legacy by performing his most famous march our national march the stars and stripes forever thank you


Great, good evening. My name is Nairie Woods. I'm the founding dean of the Lovatnik School of Government at Oxford University and it's a great pleasure to be moderating this session at the World Economic Forum this year. Let me just point a small logistical detail out. I have here an iPad on which your questions will appear. I'm not exactly sure how you get your question onto my iPad but apparently there will be instructions put on a slide but I would welcome your questions right from the beginning of this session. I'd love it to be a conversation. I'm going to introduce you to our panelists in a moment but before we move to that I'd just like to introduce tonight's topic by saying that last year at Davos we all were invited to master the fourth Industrial Revolution greatly helped by Klaus Schwab's excellent book on the subject. This year a different challenge has sharpened. People across Europe and across the United States have in a way risen up and said we don't feel we belong and we don't feel we're being heard by leaders in the public sector and sometimes leaders in the private sector. The Klaus Schwab proposed to us on the eve of this year's World Economic Forum that that fact means that we all have to now focus on responsive and responsible leadership and he put to us the idea that a good leader has radar and a compass so think about what President Xi Jinping told us this morning if we want to cross the ocean can't retreat back into the harbor every time there's a storm so the leaders in this room certainly need radar to know what citizens are thinking and wanting and concerned about you certainly need a compass as Professor Schwab tells us the values that are going to take you forward but I think we need to add at one thing you need a crew you need to bring people along with you governments across the world need a narrative that helps people to feel that they do belong that they are being heard that's one way that they can start to rebuild trust so what we're going to do on tonight's panel is we're going to share have these panelists share their wisdom on where we are at the beginning of 2017 and what are the ways that we can begin to rebuild trust and to manage the fourth industrial revolution in a way that helps societies come together more cohesively more prosperously and I'd like to start by turning to Dr. Vishal Sika the CEO of Infosys Vishal you're the son of a railways engineer you saw technology at that phase and you're also a surfer so you know all about dodging the waves what's the disruption that we most need to pay attention to that's coming from the new technologies and why should we pay so much attention to the just to the disruption I think the if you look at the the the way the people are affected as you described and all the geopolitical changes that are happening they're all happening within the wider context of the technological disruption that is impacting all of us in particular the development and the advance of AI technology I think that artificial intelligence and certainly the advance that we have seen just in the last one year and certainly in the last few years when I look back on this time compared to when I was a PhD student studying AI it is staggering and yet in many ways we are in the beginnings of this technology and the revolution and in many ways we face the prospect of leaving a larger swath of humanity behind us in the light of this technology than any technology that we have ever created so we need to be extra careful extra conscious put in an extra effort to ensure that we don't create a bigger divide that we don't create a even bigger society of have nots that the technology that we build now is in service of everyone and that means education a deep commitment to education that means a a deep commitment to helping people bridge this displacement gap when technologies disrupt jobs and and so forth that means creating a sense of we can create and reshape the future of these technologies for our future in a way that benefits everyone and doesn't leave large parts of humanity behind that's what I see so so in Britain in the United States in other countries in Europe it feels as though people are staging a mutiny the crew are not with established governments and established leaders is that happening in India is there a fear of mutiny or a risk of mutiny I think and Mukesh Bhai can speak about this in much more richness the I think in India there is a tremendous opportunity there is a it's a in India is a young country India is a technologically advanced country there India is a very entrepreneurial country in ways that are not seen in the outside and yet when you look at the recent demonetization that was done in India you can see both of these aspects at play the opportunity the technology can create and the way that some of these disruptions can really affect the calm the ordinary people so the answer to your question is both yes and no depending on how we look at India but perhaps Mukesh Bhai can speak about this in more detail well let me move straight to Mukesh then Mukesh Ambani you've watched reliance grow from being a one million dollar company to being a 70 billion dollar company that's extraordinary growth but in a country where there's a lot of poverty and there's also a fantastic democratic tradition of rebellion what's your view on the disruption in India well I think if we first start with what Vishal said in terms of how do people how does humanity progress and how do we as a society progress I think that at this time in India we are blessed with having very strong leadership from our Prime Minister Mr Modi he has painted a vision for India which creates foundation because when you embrace technology you should use technology for the good of all people and I think that the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution really are all inclusive and will benefit all and they require a sense of foundation and let me you know quickly just tell you what Vishal said so even if we are a very young country we have 200 million of our 1.2 billion in schools and clearly education needs to transform itself the fastest way that we can transform education in a big country like India is use technology it's the biggest equalizer it can produce results in not decades but in the next three to five years and that can then create and benefit all so for all of this you really need a foundation and you need for a country and a society to embrace rather than isolate itself to as the premier Z said in the morning that if the world is interconnected by oceans you don't need to divide it into rivers and lakes and the same thing is true when you want to embrace technology so from that point of view yes I also believe that all the components of technology and particularly the fourth industrial revolution technologies are all inclusive so in a sense they are the biggest equalizer for a country like India for all our 1.2 billion people we in India have a foundation where we have got an identity system for over 1.1 billion people this will then enable us right with the recent demonetization and the movement to digital cash so far India has been only what I call a high value low-volume credit transaction so the common man the ordinary man the people whose voice everybody should hear right had no access to credit I think that that can change very very fast with embracement of technology and there can be many such examples so in summary what is happening in India is that we are embracing technology for leadership our young people are embracing technology society is moving and in the last 90 days because of demonetization we've had a major movement to what I call less cash or digital cash and people have accepted that there is a support at the grassroots level because in the end they think it is for a better life for themselves and as long as we are responsible to deliver that and I believe that the fourth industrial revolution technologies can deliver that it'll do well but can I ask you very personally you know the world many many people across the world are saying that globalization has been managed you know by folks like all of us and has benefited the top 1% much much more than anyone else that's in sharp focus now what do you feel personally is your as one of the 1% so what's your personal responsibility is it to support your government to distribute better is it to how do you see that moving forward how do you see your own responsibility moving forward well I think that it is very important that opportunities are given equally to all right and what interconnected like we have all 7 billion people on this world are in a sense should be connected and they should have a shared destiny and shared prosperity doing that right once you have access to opportunity you first have to create wealth before you can distribute wealth so for a country like India I am extremely committed and as I have seen the wealth creation on a grassroot basis right it's important that to raise standards of living and quality of life for all our billion people we give a fair share of opportunity to everybody give education to everybody embrace the free market for creation of wealth and then once wealth is created right distribution is the easier problem to have but you shouldn't shun creation of wealth creation of wealth is more important than distribution of wealth right I mean I think in a lot of parts of the world people are saying yes we've been hearing that for 30 years but it looks as though the distribution is becoming more and more skewed to the top 1% mark Benny off your chair and CEO of Salesforce and you tell me a committed ukulele player but how do you see the responsibility of the 1% who have so benefited from globalization well for me when I started Salesforce you know 17 years ago I thought a lot about how do we integrate companies more deeply into society how do we get back how do we support many of the NGOs that are here that's why when we started our company we put 1% of our equity our profit and our time into a non-profit and NGO called Salesforce.org it was easy at the time because we had no employees we had no products or equity but today of course you know we're a company of the market cap of fifty something billion dollars and we have 25,000 employees and so we've been able to get back hundreds of millions of dollars but also millions of hours of volunteerism and we run 30,000 non-profits and NGOs and many of them are here for free on our services. Equality in the equality crisis certainly is a child of globalization you know the access to capital and the access to this technology that is really available to so few then really gives them this kind of incredible unfair advantage and up they have gone. I think coming back to Vishal's comment I think that when we look at what's happening right now in technology this this is the moment I think when we have the highest level of anxiety because we can see advancements in artificial intelligence that are beyond what we even expected it's happening at a rate and capability that we're worrying that how how will this impact the everyman and also the the the broad broad range of workers across the world this year my heart has been with so many migrants and refugees who 65 million refugees across the world and these touching stories and and and and and thinking about how they're going to get back to stability and homes I I think now about how artificial intelligence will create digital refugees and how people will be displaced from jobs tens of millions of people across the planet because technology is moving forward so rapidly creating much lower cost much easier to use and much more capable work environments so companies individuals very people that we have here we have to decide are we going to be committed to supporting and improving this stay the world or are we just going to kind of let this go as it is and so we're really at a very we're a crucial crucial point right now I'm sorry can I just follow up so what's the solution to that you've just painted a picture of hundreds of thousands millions of people who will no longer have jobs and and what is it that you think leaders should be doing now to ensure that those people feel included and heard in the societies in which they live well I think that you know that throughout history technology has displaced workers but then workers have the opportunity to be trained or retrained or vocational training or education or supported and today there's more people working in the world than there ever has been in the history of the world as evidence of that point so we're at a very good place actually now obviously there's 200 million youth you know who are unemployed that's a terrible statistic that we need to focus on there is you know pockets of dramatic unemployment throughout the world even where I live in the United States but we are at a point where it's possible that this technology could accelerate to the point where we'll see this kind of creation of these digital refugees and I think that that is something that we really need to be mindful of and start having these very serious conversations multi-stakeholder dialogues honestly you know where we can bring together corporate leaders government leaders social leaders NGOs only through a multi-stakeholder dialogue are we going to get this answer there is no you know clear path forward and as Michelle said so well all this has just happened you know in a matter of months so we are really just on the just you know it's a fairly recent observation of what what's happening today's it's quite it's quite and you know it's an amazing time that's what we call the fourth industrial revolution this is incredible what is happening all these things at once cloud computing mobile computing artificial intelligence genetic engineering all these things are happening all at once so well articulated in Professor Schwab's book so and what's the thing that's happened just in the last few months to which you're referring well the advancements in artificial intelligence the ability for the software to learn more rapidly than we expected can I move to Mary Barra Mary you grew up child of a die-maker and but put yourself through college and you've been at GM 36 years your crew probably trusts you a lot in fact there's lots of evidence that they do but you're in a car industry that's negotiating difficult waters some would say that the government in the United States is threatening to do what President Xi Jinping this morning said to retreat to retreat back to its own harbor or to require its companies to retreat back to their own harbor what's your strategy in those difficult waters you know clearly the industry the auto industry is undergoing you know rapid transformation as almost every industry is in not only you know advancements in I'll say the traditional owner driver model but then you know the opportunities with autonomous that you know do provide a lot of societal benefit when you think about the fact that whether it's it's the population that can't doesn't have the skills to drive or the physical ability to drive autonomous really provides freedom of getting from point A to point B which for all of us that can do that is is a huge benefit so you know we look at the technology are coming we see how it is going to improve for society but you know we have to look at how are those shifts going to be made and and how do we manage that business and you know clearly articulating the vision so our employees it's for us I think it starts with our employees and our customers of understanding and and building the trust of here's where we're going and you know here's how things will change and how we have to adapt but then also providing a roadmap I've talked about the fact that you need to be incredibly transparent in order to have trust people people have to you you really have to paint the picture and and not only share the good news but share the difficult news and then the solutions are you're going to move forward one of the other key areas in a couple of the other panelists have mentioned is education and we're at General Motors investing a lot in not only educating our existing employees for the new technical skills that are going to be needed but also reaching deep into all the communities in which we live and work in the education systems there of how can we support to make sure there's more stem education involved and we just got involved with a strategic partnership was announced with girls who code because when you look at and deep diving into the middle school to make sure young girls are not making decisions at that point that are going to you know really make it more difficult for them to get involved in a technology field because technology is a part of almost every industry so you know there's an obligation that we feel from to our employees and communicating and painting the picture where they're going and providing the road maps that you know each individually eventually has to be accountable for but then also reaching deeper into making sure that as the workforce as we grow the workforce as as you know children enter the workforce and be and young adults that they've got the skills that are going to be necessary because right now not only do we have some that are unemployed but we also have areas where you know there's there's jobs available and we don't have people with the skill set so if you if you fast forward 10 years in your industry will it be mostly robots you know I mean I still think the traditional owner driver model of I get in you know drive my own vehicle I mean think that there's markets around the world that you know they aspire to have that type of personal mobility I think autonomous if you put yourself if you put the customer in the center and look at how do I add people value to people's lives you know it's going to be the full range from the model we know today to dense urban areas that autonomous is going to make sense because it reduces congestion you know driving isn't that remarkable when you're in stop-and-go traffic with no place to park and so if you look at solving real issues for for the customer I think there's going to be a wide variety of solutions for a very long time but I guess I'm asking when president-elect Trump suggests to a different company that they should produce their cars in America not Mexico there's an assumption that the jobs will go to American workers instead of Mexican workers but surely in the end it's just going to go to American robots if the people I think it's a bit of a jump I think that's a bit of a jump having been in the company for 36 years and actually worked in the area where you know when you look from a from a workforce perspective yes there's automation that's used but when you need flexibility and you think about the customization that happens in our industry the most flexible asset is is a human being that can use do different things so I still think it's going to be a blend I see it every day and so I think that's over simplifying what's really going to happen thank you chairman shu can I come to you your chairman of China's electricity grid company you grew up in the countryside outside of Beijing your parents had no electricity but you were part of a generation that did have electricity and you were telling me about your love of reading no doubt with electric light I doubt you dreamt that you would be heading China's electricity grid company did you dream that as a child no no no and now you're there you've got a tough job because the Chinese people the Chinese government say that they have a crisis of polluted air polluted food polluted water and yet you've got a billion people to provide energy for and you're right at the heart of that yeah is technology going to help you do that yes yes yeah I'm an electrical engineer mm-hmm and I hope in I have been working for the power industry over 35 years already and yes in my childhood it's just started to electrify in the rural areas but now China's power industry is very strong state grid of China copy a corporation of China ranked number two in the global fortune 500 number two now and with a turnover over 300 billion US dollars and we are facing a lot of challenges first of all you know China energy sector the coal is dominated so how to provide the electricity to the 1.3 billion people and also with a clean and clean and clean and safe and the reliable energy that's our challenge for many years we have put a lot of put a lot of effort on that the first one is a technology innovation so in my company we have invented the UITV technology you know UITV technology technology means we have we upgrade the voltage of the transmission so in China in my company we have 1100 plus and minus 1100 kv transmission lines also we have invented 800 kv UITV DC technology with that technology with the UITV DC technology we can transmit the power from the west part of the country to the east part and in the west we have a plentiful of the water resources under the core resources especially we have renewable energy located in the west so how to transmit the large part of the power to the load center in the east areas so last week a couple of your cities were asphyxiating in the smog how it's a race isn't it you need to get electricity to the poorest parts of China yes but your cities have to be livable and they're becoming unlivable yeah so can you win that race yeah we we have made achievements for for the powerful wall every household in China now can be excess of the electricity that's how I put a lot of efforts on that so now in China even you live in the very remote areas you can't no problem to use the electricity and what about the other panelists have talked about the kind of reactions to globalization president Xi Jinping mentioned it this morning I remember being in China when China was exceeding to the WTO and there was a very lively debate about the pros and cons of globalization but is there is there an anti-globalization movement in China is there a concern that that people are worried that the reason why their air is dirty is because of globalization is that part of what you're thinking about yeah in the morning president Xi Jinping gave a very important speech after president speech I heard a lot of discussions from the audience from the colleagues and they think they all think president speech gave the first one give a confidence to the world society they they gave the confidence for China economy give us a clean picture for sustainable development for China we will maintain the relatively high higher growth rate the this confidence will help the world economic development I think this is a very very very important message for today's world economy for the globalization in China we think in my personal view I think globalization is inevitable it's good for for the world economy development in my company we have eyes eyes in six countries we have taken the shares of the eyes eyes for the transmission in the distribution eyes eyes and we are going to continue we hope the globalization will move very normal and then no obligation for the investment but you must be worried that while Chinese people are believing in globalization a lot of people in the markets to whom you sell are urging their governments to close borders no so so you will you will need the cooperation of those other those other countries to continue yes we need a cooperation with international internationally so for my company we are looking we are still looking for some opportunities to cooperate in the energy sector so we are looking for that thank you very much some questions are coming in from the audience I have to say lots of them and I'm going to throw this through all the panel and the bravest one will put his or her hand up first but the questions are quite a lot about when will the usual prescriptions of education and entrepreneurship be recognized as not good enough we've heard this every year at Davos Mark let me let me throw that one or Vishal Mark and Vishal you know you've both mentioned education and entrepreneurship simple answer to that never education and entrepreneurship are the correct answers the reason that we keep hearing about these over and over again is we are just not doing enough of these we there is no other answer the everything that we have learned to do is something that we have learned to do it is there is no magic here all these technologies that are reshaping the world around us all these movements have to be trained we have people have to be trained on these people have to be taught these there is no magic to it entrepreneurship why is entrepreneurship important important I think you have you know all all of us here are entrepreneurs Mark's example that Mark talked about is an example of entrepreneurship and of giving the solution seems straightforward it is in the implementation of these that is where all the the magic is in my mind you know John McCarthy the father of artificial intelligence once said that articulating a problem is half the solution we are rapidly approaching a time where AI is going to be able to solve the problems that we can articulate mechanically the human frontier is problem finding and today we still live in a time where you know innovation or entrepreneurship is something that is viewed as a mystical thing that that is available to a chosen few people that there are the entrepreneurs who come out of somewhere and then they invent things but the reality is that the act of invention is something that can be taught people can be trained to see something that is not there and that if it was there would improve the world and this is an act of entrepreneurship so education and entrepreneurship are the answer we just aren't doing enough of it okay so mark you're nodding but across across the united states and europe there's been a mutiny this last year a revolution yeah i'd like to go back to your last question first which is yeah no i'm asking about that so is it that people are just not doing the education and entrepreneurship well i think you've got two different things going on i think one is we're gonna have to exactly what vichal said number one is we're gonna have to continue explore new models of education certainly in the united states our public school system needs all of our attention i have encouraged you know every ceo to adopt a public school in the united states we've but i've done that i've you know our company has also adopted a public school district obviously there's gonna have to be new models of education including vocational training new ideas things have been pioneered here in switzerland but that may not be enough we may also have to bifurcate to basic income as well and that is something that you're hearing a little bit here at the conference we've heard that um uh and guys stand in a session here in his work uh we see those basic income experiments happening even where i am in oakland funded by the co of y combinator sam altman we've seen them in other parts of europe and africa um in india as well i think that is going to be potentially something that's going to have to be explored uh we're in we're entering some new territories is it is it time for a new code for private sector leaders you know some would say that we've come through a kind of cowboy period frontier period um where anything goes because the benefits will eventually trickle down but do you think we're now on the threshold of a different code well i mean that's why we're here at the world economic forum where this forum is built on something that i believe is absolutely critical for the future which is stakeholder theory that co's can pivot to this idea that they're all about shareholders and that the business of business is business or co's can pivot to stakeholder theory which is what professor schwa pioneered uh in the early 70s and built this forum on which is that a co has to take care of many stakeholders not just the shareholders but their course customers partners employees um as well as their local community their schools the environment these are all stakeholders and as leaders modern leaders here at this forum we have to think about stakeholder theory um as i think one of our key paths forward certainly we're in the engaging in multi stakeholder dialogues especially when you see all kinds of different voices emerging in the world some that we might like some that we might not like but only through multi stakeholder dialogue will we be able to elevate um our consciousness and get to these answers we are um going through a major shift in the world everybody here knows that and so these are some of the answers one of the reasons that i love coming to this conference by the way is because it's built on that foundation and i'd like to ask each of you because you are all regulars with the exception of chairman shoo who it's a delight to have with us this year but so you come to the world economic forum and you do get this opportunity to debate values challenges could you each give us an example of something that you've gone away and either thought differently about or changed in your own company as a result mcash do you have a thought on that well i'll just add a few a few years ago right we changed the as our own company became beggin came out of our own interactions that for a company it's very important to generate societal value right all of us live in society society gives you a license to operate in a business and until you add value through that you just cannot do it only for your shareholders or your employees or you know you have to make a difference and we started measuring that and we now publish that and we make sure that everybody understands that societal value is important because that is important for sustainability because on an ongoing basis the corporation can survive so that's one example that came out of interactions here where we changed in the last four or five years mary what would what would your example be or what would you want this year's leaders to take away and do differently well i think it really gets to truly focusing on the customer and solving real issues and i think you know you talk when you really see an issue that you can solve um that that's when people innovate and it's not just entrepreneurs in in you know one area of the country or the world it but it's everyone in their job of how do they make it better how do they really focus on the customer and i think also um looking at all of the stakeholders and so i think those are two things that at general motors we very much you know we we say we want to be the most valued automotive company but it's not valuable to just our owners but we feel as we um work and have strong relationships and and do the right thing across all of our stakeholders that in the end will be the best solution for our shareholders but the the core of that starts with the customer and truly focusing on what is really going to add value to the customer going to improve improve their life and when you get a whole organization 220 000 people looking at how do i how do i improve every day make it better and focus on making decisions around the customer um it really energizes the entire company but i want to just add to what mary said because she's been an advocate for this and i think that one of the key stakeholders in the world is women you know if we look at where we are in gender equality the world economic forum has said it's going to take another like something like 170 years to get to parity with men we don't have time to wait you know every co needs to look at are you paying men and women the same that that is something that every co can do today we all have modern human resource management systems but as a co are you willing to step up and say i pay men and women the same i'm providing not only equal opportunity and equal advancement but also equal pay that that's i think a major shift to empower women in society is i think critical part of the voice in getting that across fishal can i come to you i mean this is a particular year because as i keep repeating you know there has been a mutiny what's what's thing that you think leaders should take away this year i think that the two things that so mark earlier talked about the giving that his company does and has exemplified we have to ask ourselves do we all do something of that sort and and do that the how much do we invest in training in australia they recently put in a a lot to get one percent of the salaries or income for employee training how many of us are doing that the i think that this idea of designing systems for a for a for a few is something that we have to abandon and we have to design systems products and services for everyone especially for the have nots we have that is a and that requires a unique commitment to empathy to and design thinking is an example of this designing car mary talked about this designing cars and and systems of that sort with the end user in mind including the displaced people the i think that the asymmetry in technology i mean if you just look at the top five companies in the world by market cap now our technology companies and and i always wonder why isn't every company a technology company what is it about technology we all learn technology you know it did not drop from the skies we learn technology and we learn to build it why can't we bring this idea of building technology for everyone for for all of us so i think inclusive technology creating access to these things we should as corporations as CEOs as leaders stop waiting around for somebody else to come and tell us to do things or for for somebody else to do them for us and instead take the initiative and in doing these things ourselves and can i pick up with that because you're talking about inclusive technology now what we can see the digital revolution has done is polarized societies created echo chambers people only talking to people who agree with them and their views become magnified and polarized we all live in very diverse societies this is very dangerous terrain where society instead of pulling more together is fragmenting and pulling apart is there a software solution to that um the not software for collaboration you know one of the um so the answer to that is again yes and no the um in the early days when the memo was written to create the internet jcr licklider wrote this memo called connecting the the interplanetary the intergalactic communication network and the idea because he he thought that you know engineers will try to lowball things and then they will build a network for the planet um and which is what we ended up doing with the internet over the last 40 50 years um the so on the one hand technology has connected us in an extraordinary way if you just look at how well how deeply connected we all are as a society now i mean we had the opportunity to work with mukesh bhai on his new venture in geo and there are now something like in the last four months 80 million people in india who are subscribers of geo um so technology has an incredible ability to connect us and and unite us and yet a software for collaboration is something that is still in a very primitive state if you look at the way we do our word processing or um crunching capturing information and so forth it is still largely the same as it has been for the last 30 years or so technology to really help us collaborate to help us achieve a shared perspective a shared meaning is is still in early stages we still have to come together to places like davos and and sit together to really understand what is going on we don't yet have software that helps us get there more conveniently so it is on the one hand yes and on the other hand it is still early and and the counter narrative to that is that software is also dividing us certainly you can see in social media especially in regards to recent events that i don't have to go into in detail that um the software was used in many cases to divide society uh bots were created to take on anonymous positions in social media that look like humans amplifying um narratives that may not have been true and that is an example where the technology is dividing us so this again this is a new frontier this is also part of the fourth industrial revolution when we look at what has social media done to us yes we like to be on twitter we get real-time feedback i'm getting that right here i'm looking at what people are saying and what they want me to respond to just as you are on your ipad and of course that's part of the fourth industrial revolution but the other side of it is there's also account um all kinds of intelligence and and network capability that's out there trying to push society in a certain direction that is new that's certainly something that we really have not seen happened before so but solutions from mark or from anyone on the panel you know that this is dangerous stuff when the technologies become magnifiers of fear of hatred of others of polarization because we know that when people are afraid they don't work together and that means that they turn to governments as it were that don't permit them to work together that control them and coerce them so this is a this is a pretty important moment for so are there solutions if technology is the driver of this are there technology solutions for it i don't know if it's necessary a technology solution but i think now more than ever corporations governments communities and mark said this before we have to work together and you know and demonstrate and and look at some of the broader issues that society as a whole of the world is facing and and take action i mean in the auto industry you know one of the things we feel very responsible for is how do we improve the environment and and the investments that we're making in the technology leadership so i think is if you know governments countries communities if we work together to solve some of these issues and solve some of the bigger problems i think it demonstrates you know that we can work together and if there's a software solution for people stepping back and wanting to listen and wanting to understand another point of view and respecting another point of view even if it's not theirs and but i think there's a role that we can play that we have to work together in a way we haven't to this point chairman shu can i come to you because an underlying theme of this mutiny is that international cooperation itself could be at risk and you've led on international cooperation in technology in the iec what is most at risk there why why is it that we really need international cooperation on technology in your sector yeah i mean it's nice to have but is there any part of it that is absolutely essential yes i have been working for iec for many years iec stands for international electro technical commission and the products of the iec the standards standards standards can promote the international trade with the technical technology standards and iec now has over 20 000 expertise engineers from all over the world so with the iec standardization we the manufacturers and the labs and they can manufacture their products according to a unique standardization this is much helpful do you think it's going to become more difficult though and not really difficult because iec was founded in 1906 110 years already and it's a very good working procedure everyone can participate for the standardization development it's a very uh standard you we mean the standards are produced by consensus people will agree every everyone i realized first will have to be agree with the standards and how important to that process is the fact that you all know each other yes i mean how long how long would you say the engineers in this group have been getting together from different countries how long have you known your fellow engineers yeah the iec worked they divided the many groups they called it they called it uh technical committee in the tc they they are working in the specific area for example like electrical electrical cars the engineers come together they meet several times in the year and for one standard it may take several years to to to finish its standards very careful for the standardization i should say yeah no no no no difficult people are very enthusiastic to participate the standardization development we can't we can't say any difficult to to do it right it's a it's a very important and interesting reflection because a lot of us are watching the more visible aspects of international cooperation um at risk or breaking down and that basic insight of people knowing one another coming together trusting one another and forging standards or as mark put it coming to davos each year knowing one another looking at each other in the face coming to you know raise the standard of what you expect of yourself what you expect to do for the society around you could i ask you before we close i just like one sentence from each of you about what you think leaders across the private or the public sector or both what is it that leaders should do differently this year as a result of the wake up call of the last year fish out two things come to my mind one is resolved to bring access to new technologies to everyone and second one is resolved to create a billion entrepreneurs mark well i've told you one thing which is i think that every ceo needs to adopt a public school i i really think that you know we're going to pivot to where each of us are is going to have to take personal action to overcome the kind of levels of of inequality that we're seeing as we kind of head back to our hometowns wherever they are you know you don't have to go very far even in san francisco where i am where i can find you know very high levels of inequality i think that everybody has to really focus on this and take this seriously and and do one thing it could be adopt a school it it could be working more closely with an NGO that there's a commitment i think that each of us has to make to kind of get to the move this ball forward thank you okay well i think that last year it was about understanding the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution this year it's about implementing them keeping in mind that prosperity and benefit to all people and people are always above technology embracing these technologies for the benefit of the people is our challenge i i agree with what all the panelists have said and you know clearly the foundation of education and innovation entrepreneurship but i also think we have an obligation to go back and uh you know one very tangible thing we can do is is really talk about biases everyone has biases and you know how do we if once you realize you have them then you you know you can start to look and and see people in a different light and uh you know work with cheryl sandberg and lean in on understanding bias it's it's training now we're doing at general motors to improve our business but i think it expands because once you you start to see that in yourself it i think it expands to not only you know where you work but your communities and how you can you know really start to embrace different points of view so i think you know in addition to education we we really have to challenge ourselves everyone and there's things corporations can do from a training perspective to get people to to to have a more open view and to to to listen and to understand others thank you jenny shu yeah uh last year we still agreed uh has uh down to since many when is the renewable energy development uh in our company we have over 200 megawatt renewable energy part of 1.3 130 megawatt for the wind power and over 700 megawatt for the solar power that's our last year efforts the second one is a rural electrification so we have for people to have a more reliable power supply but for this year we will focus focus on the one belt one road one belt one road initiatives we will cooperate cooperate with neighbour countries and the some other and the other countries for the infrastructure connectivity that's how this year i focus thank you very much i think tonight's discussion and your comments and questions really highlight that in some countries of the world particularly what some would call western democracies there has been a mutiny but in others there has not been and those are the countries that as it were are still focused on delivering more and better just as chairman shu and mukesh and vishal have pointed to but i think in all of these countries there is still a lesson from the last year and i'd just like to come back to that as a rally and call for this year's davos which is that citizens are not just consumers you can't just deliver to them whether it's in chinese factories or on the streets of india fighting corruption whatever it is or whether it's the young disaffected unemployed men in europe who are joining terrorist organizations why a huge part is a sense a human need to belong and a human need to be heard and if humans are not belonging to their national community or the narrative that their government sets for them they will find others and those others will jeopardize a lot of what most of us care about so i think it's for davos this year to bring all of this innovation these ideas about how you bring people with you mary's ideas about how to do that in gm mark and vishal's ideas about the values that you can that you can bring behind that mukesh and chairman shoo's ideas about the way they're delivering better we need to bring all of that innovative energy to really thinking about how we can support communities locally and nationally to to create a system in which people feel they belong and feel that they're being heard now you could say i would say that i'm the dean of a school of government but government is absolutely central to that because it's governments that use words that create narratives which either help people feel they belong help them feel they've got a voice or don't and i think that's the innovation i'd love to see come out of davos but could you join me in thanking um and appreciating each of our panelists for terrific contributions this evening thank you all


Germany to permanently deploy troops near Russia's border. Germany's Defence Minister Boris Pistorius said that Berlin is to station 4,000 troops to Lithuania, a fellow NATO member, as the bloc seeks to fortify its ranks around Russia's exclave Kaliningrad. Germany is ready to permanently station a robust brigade in Lithuania. Pistorius said during a visit to the country's capital Vilnius, he noted that facilities and infrastructure will need to be developed to accommodate the influx of German troops. Germany stands by its commitment as a NATO member, as Europe's biggest economy, to stand up for the protections of the Eastern flank. Pistorius continued. He also noted that a deployment of this magnitude could take more than a few months. Pistorius also explained that the deployment must be compatible with NATO's recently redrawn plans on how to respond to threats to its east, which were amended in May for the first time since the end of the Cold War. The military plans are expected to be approved at a NATO summit next month. Vilnius has on several occasions called for Berlin to deploy more troops on its territory, which shares a border with Kaliningrad to the southwest and Belarus to the east. Lithuania already hosts around 1,500 German soldiers as part of a NATO battle group. Last June, Germany stated it had the capability to send a brigade of 3,000 to 5,000 troops to Lithuania within 10 days if that country was attacked.


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Greetings, 84th Training Command, Soldiers and Civilians. I'm Major General Mike Castellanos and I wanted to take a quick minute to outline where I see us now and where we're headed. Our mission is to conduct and validate realistic combat support, collective training, leader development and mission command in a decisive action, training environment that enable commanders to build combat power and to prepare soldiers and units for combat operations. Each one of you is a critical part of that mission and as we move forward, the 84th will be undergoing a change in organizational structure designed to enable us to more effectively execute our purpose. This process has been ongoing and you might have some apprehension about what these changes mean for you. Rest assured that we spent the necessary time and listened to many concerns and have worked tirelessly to develop the correct way ahead to both meet the intent of transformation and also do what's right for our 84th soldiers and civilians. In the past few months I've had the opportunity to meet some of our outstanding team members at OCT academies, exercise workshops and events like our best warrior competition. It has been truly amazing to see the work that you do and all that goes on in the background to make it happen. As we enter the peak of exercise season, my intent is to make it out to as many of our exercises and locations as possible. I ask each of you to take the time to introduce yourself so I know who you are. It's been a tough year, but I've been equally amazed with how we've all adapted to overcome the challenges. If you have the opportunity to take one of the available COVID-19 vaccines, I urge you to do so. If you have apprehension, I ask you to look at the information put out by the CDC and other organizations to learn about the efficacy of the vaccines. I see vaccination as the right thing to do for both the health and safety of our community and to enable the resumption of normal operations. Lastly, as we move forward, I ask each of you to look back to why you joined the Army. I bet for most of us it was because our family served or because we wanted to serve our nation. It was for our higher calling. No one joined with the intent to disrespect those we were planning to serve with. This said, I want you to help me ensure and protect the reasons why we joined and to respond to those actions that are not in line with those values of respect and dignity. Each one of us serving today owe it to ourselves and our teammates who do what is right. It's an honor to serve alongside you all. Railsplitters, 84th out.


Okay. Good. Good morning, everyone, and welcome back to our second lecture, BC 308. The recording is on. Thank you all for joining the class. Just one correction. I looked up my notes. So I mentioned the names of two tribes that we're missing. So the two tribes that I'm missing are Dan and Ephraim and the tribes of Levi and Manasah replace Dan and Ephraim. So that's just a correction. I didn't remember correctly. So that's the name for the tribes. And the exact reason why Dan and Manasah are left out. Again, we don't know for sure. Like I said, Bible scholars will say maybe because of their sin, their idolatry or what would be not sure. Anyway, but what we also do need to point out is in the millennial temple, it's during the millennium, the thousand year reign of Jesus, when there is a temple and there's a restoration of worship at the temple, Dan and Ephraim are mentioned in Ezekiel 37. So they are there during the millennium. The believers of the tribe of Dan and Ephraim are mentioned. The Jewish people from the tribe of Dan and Ephraim are mentioned there. Let's go to Japhina's questions. Japhina's first question is Revelation 6.9. Okay, Revelation 6.9. I saw under the altar, what the altar signifies here. So what we know is that in heaven, or let me put it like this, when Moses was given instruction to build his tabernacle on earth, build the tabernacle of Moses here on earth, it was actually a copy of what is in heaven. The real tabernacle is in heaven. Moses was told to build a copy of that here on earth. So you can see this in Hebrews chapter. I think there are a couple of chapter 8, I think. Hebrews chapter 8 verses 1 and 2 says, the main point of things we are saying, we have a high priest who seated the right hand of the throne of the majesty in the heavens, a minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord erected and not man. So we're seeing that in heaven there is the true tabernacle. And I'm forgetting the exact question. It says here that when the Lord spoke to Moses and told him to make the tabernacle, God told him to make it according to what I'm showing you, which represents what is actually in heaven. Sorry, I'm just forgetting the exact reference. Let me see if I can find it. When God told him, okay, yeah, I think it's in the same place here in Hebrews 8, verse 5, who served the copy and shadow of the heavenly things as Moses was divinely instructed when he was about to make the tabernacle. For he said, see that you make all things, Hebrews 8, 5, that you make all things according to the pattern shown you on the mountain. Right, so in other words, God revealed to Moses what is actually in heaven and Moses made a copy of it here on earth. So what do we see in that tabernacle? In Moses' tabernacle is the outer court, the inner court, and then there is the most holy place. In the most holy place is the Ark of the Covenant and the mercy seat. In the holy place, there is the candlestick, there is the table of the shoe bread, there's the altar of incense. And then when you come out, there is the, what is that, the wash basin or labor, and then there is also the altar of sacrifice where the burnt offering some made. So here in Revelation 6, 9 says, I saw under the altar. So it's most likely, and again, I don't exactly which altar it is, but going by the fact that heaven is a true, earth is a copy, there is an altar in the outer court. So it's probably that or there's an altar in the holy place, the altar of incense. Maybe it represents that. So I don't know exactly which altar, but somewhere there that the, what John sees is that these, the souls of these people who have been martyred are in the sanctuary and they're somewhere around the altar. So which exact altar, we don't nobody sees them there. The next question from Jeffrey is, Revelation 6 verse 11, a white robe was given to each of them. Is that a literal robe? So we know that this white robe represents the righteousness of God given to the saints. So is it a literal robe or not? When you say literal robe, say, okay, is it like a physical robe made of cotton, white cotton? Then the answer is no. But is it something that covers the saints with right, you know, righteousness covering the souls of these saints? Remember, this is the spiritual world and the spirit and the souls of these martyred saints are in the presence of God in the sanctuary and they're wearing these white robes, which is the righteousness of God. So are they clothes with the righteousness of God? Yes. How exact? It looks like a white robe, but it definitely would not have a physical texture like what we are used to, but it is some sort of a covering and a clothing in a spiritual sense. How exactly, you know, what exactly does that feel? I don't know, but it's all in, remember, this is a spiritual realm. So we are clothed with this white robe, which is the garment of righteousness. It is a real clothing upon us, but what is it made of? Does it feel like a plot or something? I don't know. I don't think it'll feel like a clothing as we think of, but it is something that covers us. It is the righteousness of God. How exactly is it going to be in the spiritual realm? I don't know. So I'll just leave it at that. I'm very sorry. I cannot tell you what material it is, other than saying it's a spiritual clothing, something that God gives to us. Next question. So we're looking at Joel's prophecy, where God says, I will pour out my spirit and all flesh, the Joel's prophecy. Don't we use the scripture for the time we live it? That's correct, starting from the day of Pentecost because Peter quoted it. He says, this is that which is spoken. So it started at the day of Pentecost and it is continuing on today for the church. In that case, how can we use it for the time of tribulation? So the answer to that question is Joel's prophecy. How can we apply it to the tribulation? Joel's prophecy was given originally not to the church, but to the people of Israel. The church only is borrowing it. But originally, Joel chapter 2, Joel 2 verses 28 all the way to 32. Originally, Joel 2, 28 to 32, spoken to the nation of Israel, I will pour out my spirit and all these things will happen. And verse 30, I will show wonders in heavens on the earth and blood and fire pillars of smoke. The sun will be in the darkness, moon into blood before the coming of the great and awesome day of the Lord. And it'll come to pass who calls the name of the Lord shall be said in Mount Zion and Jerusalem. There will be deliverance as the Lord has said among them. So Joel 2, 28 to 32, one prophecy given originally to the nation of Israel. But it's almost like the church. You know, God began the spiritual fulfillment of that prophecy in the church. That's what Peter stood up on the day of Pentecost and he said, this is that which was spoken by the Prophet Joel. But the church is not seeing the entirety of it, meaning this great and terrible day of the Lord, this, the sun being turned into darkness, the moon into blood, that the church is not seeing, right? The church has been taken out of the way. And the entirety of that is being experienced here in Revelation 6, Revelation 6 partly, and we'll see it repeated again later. Revelation 6, 12, where the sun is being dark and the moon is being turned to blood, fulfilling Joel 2 verse 30. So then you're saying, okay, if that part of it is being fulfilled, then the work of the Holy Spirit is continuing, which we can then say, which is backed up by Zechariah 12, 10, because Zechariah 12, 10 says, God says, I will pour out the spirit of grace and supplication on the house of David. If you look at Zechariah 12 and verse 10. I'll just read it. Zechariah 12, verse 10. And I will pour out on the house of David and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem the spirit of grace and supplication, then they will look on me whom they pierced. Yes, they will mourn for him as one mourns for his only son and grieve for him as one grieves for a firstborn. So what's happening? In this verse, God is saying, I'm going, there's going to be an outpouring of the Holy Spirit on the Jewish people, on the Jewish people, and it is going to culminate with them seeing the one whom they pierced. Jesus Christ, He's going to come at the end of the seven years. He's going to come back specifically for Israel at Jerusalem. He's going to come and land on Mount Olives. But before that, what will happen? I will pour my spirit on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, meaning the Jews. So this kind of, what to say, tells us that Jobel 228 to 32 is going to be fulfilled literally among the Jewish people for the house of Israel during the seven years, these years. So the Holy Spirit is going to be poured out on them and they're going to, all these things are going to happen. The church is getting a spiritual fulfillment, a foretaste of it. One more example to just back up what I'm saying, if you go to AMS, the book of AMS, and I think it is chapter 9, AMS chapter 9 and verse 11, 11, 12, and 13, AMS 9, 11, 12, 13. So just one more example where a prophecy is given to Israel, which God will fulfill literally, but the church is experiencing the spiritual fulfillment of it. One more example, AMS 9, 11, 13. On that day, I will raise up the tabernacle of David, which has fallen down, repair its damages, I will raise up its ruins and rebuild it as in the days of old, that they may possess the remnant of Edom and all the Gentiles who are called by my name, says the Lord who does this thing. The old days are coming, says the Lord, when the plowman shall overtake the reaper and the tread of grapes, him who so seed the mountain shall drip with sweet wine and all the hills shall flow with it. And I will bring back verse 14, I'll bring back the captors of my people, they shall build the way cities and inhabit them, they shall plant vineyards and drink from them, they shall also make gardens and eat fruit from them, and I will plant them in their land and no longer shall they be pulled up from the land, I have given them, says the Lord, you're gone. So very clearly, this is a prophecy given to Israel, very clearly, and the fulfillment of it God is going to do. He's going to bring them back to their land, they will be planted there, nobody can take them out of it. So that is definitely for the Jewish people. What is interesting is, Amos 9, 11 and 12 is quoted in Acts 15 by Apostle James, and Acts 15 was 15 when he is, when they are making a decision, Acts 15, yeah Acts 15, 16 and 17 sorry, Acts 15 verses 16 and 17 is quoted by the Apostle James when he is explaining to them that God is going to bring the Gentiles into the church. So you say, excuse me James, that was a prophecy given to Israel, how can you say it's talking about the church? Because very clearly, Amos 9, 11 to 15 is for Israel, God is saying I will rebuild the tabernacle of David, so James is quoting it in Acts 15, 16 and 17 saying, hey James, you're misquoting scripture. No, no, no, no, no. How do we understand it? The church experiences the spiritual fulfillment of that prophecy. Just like Joel 2, 28 to 32 was given to Israel, Israel will experience its literal fulfillment. But Peter is saying it's for the church on the day of Pentecost, right? So the church is experiencing spiritual fulfillment of it in part, the full prophecy literally will be fulfilled in Israel. Same thing, Amos 9, 11 to 15, that prophecy was given to Israel, the church is experiencing the spiritual fulfillment of it as quoted in Acts 15, 16 and 17 and the literal fulfillment of it will be experienced by Israel. They will see the tabernacle of David restored in their land. It will happen during the millennium, God will rebuild the place of worship and it will be established. So that's how we can, there's a dual fulfillment of those prophecies and so that's how we can say yeah, the church is experiencing it now but it'll also be experienced by Israel in full measure literally. I see David's question, did the prophecy in Joel 2 also happen during Pentecost already? So like we were saying, Joel's prophecy, Joel 2, we see it in Acts 2, fulfilled in part the spiritual fulfillment of it, experienced by the church. Same thing, Amos prophecy, Amos 9, 11 to 13 or 11 to 14, given to Israel, experienced spiritually in part by the church right now during the church age, because James quotes it in James 15, 16 and 17. Okay. Pastor, I have a follower. So as you said, it's a spiritual fulfillment for the church but in Acts 2, isn't it to the Jewish people that, because they also were like, they're also, it mentions like their hearts were pierced. So was it not for the Jewish people, even that? So remember the book of Acts or the church, the church started with the Jewish people because Jesus came there and he ministered to the Jews first but it was not, it didn't stop there, right? It spread the whole world, all the world. So yeah, Acts 2, it started with the Jewish people but the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, experience, spread to the whole world, spread to all the Gentiles. So Acts 2, 38, 39, Peter saying the promise is to as many as a lot of God will call, to all those who are far off. So same thing, the church began with the Jews but the church extended to the Gentiles and God was going to lead them in that direction. Right? So both the Joel prophecy, Joel's prophecy and Amos prophecy basically started with the church that is the church started with the Jews but then opened up to the whole wide world, yeah, all everybody. Yeah, did it answer your question Divya? Yes, yes Pasha, thank you. Thank you. Jeffina, your question please. Yeah, so just to follow up thing, I understand it's a dual prophecy, like it fulfills spiritually in the church and then literally. But how this question popped up was I was thinking about the near and far prophecy sometimes we say, so sometimes happen in a near fulfillment and sometimes happen in a far fulfillment. So even when we were reading the scripture, I thought maybe the spirit being poured out on all flesh is a near fulfillment, it's already fulfilled and the moon is turning red, but all this could be a far fulfillment. I was thinking in that way so I just want to ask why we should not think it in that way, why it's not a near and far fulfillment and why we are thinking it in a way like it's a spiritual and then it will be a literal data. Yeah, so typically when we say near and far fulfillment that is something happens immediately and then something happens way out in time. Whereas in both these cases the outpouring of the Holy Spirit and in the church, so in the church experiencing the outpouring of the Holy Spirit and the church becoming a being the tabernacle of David in a spiritual sense. Two reasons we say we use spiritual versus natural rather than near versus far because what is happening is continuous. So it starts with the beginning of the church in 83 T and doesn't stop there. It's going on for 2,000 years, continuous all the way into the last seven years. The only thing different is church is taken out of the way attention is changed to Israel. And the second reason we say is because example the church being the tabernacle of David it's a spiritual thing the church tabernacle David was a place of worship where worship went on continuously day and night for 33 years and the church literally is not that meaning we don't have a literal place where we are actually going to you know doing worship 24-7 but spiritually we are a house of continuous worship whereas literally the tabernacle of David will be established in Israel when in the millennium so that will be we could also refer to it as the millennial temple. Once the millennial temple is established worship will be restored, presumed and literally in the millennial temple in Jerusalem worship will be established and the Gentiles will come to seek God in Jerusalem so that is literal whereas now it is the church is the spiritual, the church is the place of house of worship in a spiritual sense so it is not like if we have a building and sacrifices are being spiritually believers are worshiping the Lord everywhere and the Gentiles are coming to seek the Lord through the church they're coming to know the Lord through the church in a spiritual sense so the contrast is spiritual versus literal as opposed to near versus far. So we continue now in chapter seven the second part so so what we said in chapter seven the first part is God has planned that the Jewish people 144,000 Jews specially designated by God are marked with the Holy Spirit in the name of Jesus and they're going to be servants of God, proclaimers they're going to serve God they were basically some people call them revivalists some people call them preachers they're going to be proclaiming Jesus. Now keep in mind that these 144,000 Jews they do all don't need to be living exactly in the city of Jerusalem they could be anywhere in the world. Yeah so basically during the tribulation God allowed 144,000 Jews anointed and marked by God to serve him during the tribulation then they could be anywhere but they are Jewish people they belong to the house of Israel God has specially marked them he will specially preserve them till the appointed time revelation 14 will come there so till revelation 14 they are going to be serving the Lord and nothing will hurt them God will preserve them. The other thing we are seeing during the tribulation is there is going to be a great multitude of people who will be killed, martyred. So this also means that there are going to be lots of people becoming believers who will then be martyred for their faith this is what we read revelation 7 verses 9 to 17 please somebody could read that revelation 7 9 to 17 please after these things I looked and behold a great multitude which no one could number of all nations tribes peoples and tongues standing before the throne and before the lamb clothed with white robes with palm branches in their hands and crying out with a loud voice saying salvation belongs to our God who sits on the throne and to the lamb all the angels stood around the throne and the elders and the four living creatures and fell on their faces before the throne and worshiped God saying amen blessing and glory and wisdom thanksgiving and honor and power and might be to our God forever and ever amen then one of the elders answered saying to me who are these arrayed in white robes and where did they come from and I said to him sir you know so he said to me these are the ones who come out of the great tribulation and washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the lamb blood of the lamb therefore they are before the throne of God and serve him day and night in his temple and he who sits on the throne will dwell among them they shall neither hunger anymore nor thirst anymore the sun shall not strike them nor any heat for the lamb who is in the midst of the throne will shepherd them and lead them to living fountains of waters and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes amen amen so John is saying this again this great multitudes of people they're worshiping God along with the elders and the four living creatures and the elders one of the elders asking him this question who are these you know arrayed in white robes and he says these you know you know and then the elder of answers his own question he says these are the ones who've come out of the great tribulation washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the lamb so remember the tribulation is going on right now right I mean as it's been given to us in revelation it's going on there's still there's one more seal and the trumpets and the bowls all of those things are still yet to happen and in that sequence you're seeing more people standing before the throne in worship and these are the ones who've come out of the great tribulation so these are the spirit and soul of saints who have been martyred or killed during the tribulation and they're standing in worship before the throne of God very similar to what we saw in revelation six nine the souls of those who've been slain for the word of God in the testimony they held they are there before the throne of God around the altar you're missing some more people so the conclusion and and again this is more a deduction rather than an obvious statement the deduction is that these 144,000 Jewish servants who are preaching are going to see or going to cause the salvation of many people we're going to bring many people into the Lord into the kingdom to faith and these people are coming to the Lord are going to be killed or martyred during the tribulation and these are the ones that we're seeing before the throne of God right so that's what the deduction is revelation seven nine two seventeen we go into chapter eight now revelation eight you see the seventh seal which basically leads us into the start of the seven trumpet judgments right so let's read chapter eight we'll read the full chapter it's a small chapter revelation chapter eight versus one to thirty please somebody could read it and we follow the the trumpet judgments here the first four of trumpet judgments revelation eight one to thirteen when i opened the seven still there was silence in heaven for about half an hour ice and i saw the seven angels who stand before god and to them we are giving seven trumpets then another angel having a golden Caesar came and stood at the altar and he was given much incense that he should offer it with the prayers of all the saints upon the golden altar which was before the throne and the smoke of incense with the prayers of the saints astounded before god from the angel's hand then the angel took the Caesar filled it with fire from the altar and threw it to the earth and there were no is this thunderings lightning and an earthquake so the seven angels who had the seven trumpet prepared themselves to sound the first angel sounded and hail and the fire followed mingled with blood and they were thrown to to the earth and the third of the trees were burned up and the green grass was burned up then the second angel sounded and something like a great mountain burning with fire was thrown into the sea and the third of the sea became blood and the third of the living creatures in the sea died and the third of the ships were destroyed then the third angel sounded and the great star fell from heaven burning like a torch and it fell on the third of the rivers and on the springs of of water and the name of the star was warmward and the third of the waters became warm warmward warmwood and many men died from the water because it was bitter then the then the fourth angel sounded and the third of the sun was struck a third of the moon and a third of the stars so that the third of them were darkened and the third of the day did not shine and likewise the night and i looked and i had an angel flying through the neediest of heaven saying with a loud voice whoa whoa whoa to the inhabitants of the earth because of the remaining blood of the trumpet of the three angels who are about to sound amen man thank you so revelation eight verses one through six seems to indicate to us that there's going to be a lot of prayer happening on the earth during this time so sometimes we even refer to it like a like a global prayer movement meaning everywhere people are praying why do we say that because suddenly in heaven there's this whole there's an increase of prayer coming before the throne of god uh from the altar and the angel is taking a golden censor which is the which has the prayers of the saints and is is is casting it to the earth almost like saying i'm i'm i'm sending a fire of prayer or to the earth and so it's almost like god is igniting the earth with this prayer over this movement of prayer um now it is understandable because at that time during the tribulation those who do turn to god what are they going to do what can they do they can only pray right so um we can imagine that during the tribulation as we are progressing into the tribulation as people are turning to the lord the only thing they can do is to stand firm in their faith and pray right that's our god we are praying keep us keep us protect us preserve us give us the strength to stand uh because they know what's going to happen they're going to be martyred for their faith they are going to be you know they have at some point they will be tested for their faith and they need all the strength to stand so that's why suddenly we're seeing Romans 8 1 to 6 there's so much of prayer coming up before the throne of god and uh and uh and uh what's it called it the angel is casting a sense uh that is filled with uh the the smoke of the incense from the golden altar sending it to the earth igniting a movement of prayer and then the seven trumpets begin to sound one after the other the first four are listed here in chapter 8 and each one of them is causing destruction on the earth the first trumpet 30 percent or about a third of all green vegetation is destroyed now to some measure we can understand it in the sense uh understand it means uh sometimes when we think of these uh large-scale forest fires suddenly we we know we get news or a fire and it's uh it it burns up acres and acres sometimes huge regions of the land just get burned up but here the scale is so big it says one third of the trees that means like 30 percent one third of the earth is burned up so it's it's it's much bigger than you know like a big forest fire breaking out somewhere in north america or south america or wherever you know suddenly we hear these things in the news or big fire and it's it's burnt up so much of the forest or so much of uh things have been burnt up we hear about those things but um revelation eight seven is uh something on a scale much bigger than what we hear about these days then the next part is the the seed is being affected and uh sea creatures are dying 30 percent destroyed and the destruction is so severe that even transportation is affected it says a third of the ships are destroyed so something that is so uh so significant that it affects the sea the waters killing creatures in the sea and affecting the ships that are on the sea uh are being destroyed again it's it's it's hard for us to imagine how how this would take place but that's what it's saying here in revelation eight versus eight and nine then versus ten and eleven revelation eight ten and eleven the drinking water is affected uh because uh the rivers and the springs are affected so that people can't even have water to drink and again here a third of the waters one third of the waters are affected and you drink that water it's it's bitter and people die from drinking that and the fourth one is that there are things signs in the heavens again we're seeing this similar to what we saw in chapter six there are signs in the heavens stars so cosmic things in the heavens uh the celestial bodies in the cosmos are being affected stars the sun and the moon now just imagine if the sun does not the light from the sun does not come to us for about eight hours in addition to the night so daylight it says a third of the day so if you say 12 hours for the night 12 hours for the day another four hours so that means total of 16 hours of darkness um it is going to cause significant temperature change right that means uh parts of the earth that are normally used to nice warm weather uh suddenly they're going to be affected if one third of the day light does not come through there's gonna it's going to be significant uh effect on on on weather conditions but that's what happens here with a fourth trumpet right so we're seeing a lot of things these things happening and let's pause here and just think about this that you know if somebody wanted to write a book about the end times um would they have sit down sat down and you know go up to a some some place and just try to imagine all these with their own minds you know because humanly i mean humanly speaking you know that hey how can you know how can something like this so so serious happen when one third of the whole earth you know whether it's vegetation or the seas or the waters you know all these things happening um the the the the size of the magnitude of what is being described here is so great that uh even somebody wants to think about you know okay let me write about something about the end of the worlds uh to make it up in their own minds their own imaginations uh it's going to take a while thinking a wild imagination to come up with these things right but when when the when the lord is showing and saying look john this is what is going to happen these are the judgments that are going to be poured out on the earth it's divine judgment on the earth and i'm bringing things to a close uh you write these things um there is that sense that you know god can do these kinds of things uh in order to judge the world and to bring everything to a close so this has to be you know i understand the reason this has to be something god revealed to john not just a figment of his own imagination that he would be writing these things okay so let's pause here for today uh we will pick this up from revelation nine uh and uh take this forward we'll continue this next week all right any questions before we close and dismiss somebody could lead us in prayer please and then we will dismiss father in the mighty name of jesus we thank you for this opportunity to learn at your feet thank you for a lecturer thank you for all the lecture we give you all the glory in the name of jesus father please strengthen our lecturer our pastor and the lord may we be the doers of your wonders who are learning in this school and jesus name we pray amen thank you thank you everyone thank you for being with us today we'll catch up again next week how good rest of the day and a good weekend god bless right now


I think just overall they made shots. That first quarter, I think besides that, maybe a six-point differential for the rest of the three-quarters. So that first quarter was a huge in them, establishing confidence and playing catch-up. Some rotations wise, where we gave Grime some early looks that got him going a little bit, where we shouldn't have. But overall, you give them credit for making shots. You mentioned about regular Brunson putting two guys on and putting bodies on him. It seemed as if he, especially earlier there, with the 30 points in the first half, what did you just see from him? Yeah, just overall, his ability to get to his spot and really make contested shots and get to different angles on the floor. Again, another good game by him, give him credit for that. We try some different things against him and we'll continue to try things going forward with our group. Jacques, I know you're not into excuses. You talk about the difficulty. If I'm not playing catch-up at the first quarter, was the second I went back to back? You guys were in it last night. Three quarters of some change, but do you think fatigue at all was a factor? Alex is interested.  That's going to be our challenge. I mean, we really have to look at each game individually and try to give the best that we have and all that we have. We did that last night. Maybe some consequences paid for that. We definitely stretched our guys some minutes, especially that start in five. So I'll have to assess if we can continue to do that. Strategic about playing back-to-backs. We don't have too many left, but great challenge for our group where we need everybody and that's going to be who we are going forward. And obviously, you guys are really a kind of smaller team.  Yeah, and traditionally they play pretty big. Randall's just a big guy at the forespot and we have been going pretty small with Doe at five. We tried it again tonight. And I think that's why you saw Daron kind of in the mix as a big. We just needed a big on the floor pretty much at all times. So definitely the length and the size was something we had to deal with. Coach, how's the morale of the group? Ooh, ooh. Ping pong, that thing. How's the morale of the group right now?  Yeah. The margin of loss has been pretty substantial in some of the games. How's the morale of the group? Yeah, we have some competitive guys. And so they are concerned about winning. We always, we've made that the priority. We're not hiding from that. We're trying to win every single game. And so I ask that we give just more. And what that means, whether there's more time together, back to backs, shootarounds, recovery days, all of the above. We're going to have to give more to bring our group together quicker than normal. But they're human beings. To give up 142 points to your cross-town team, that hurts. And it should hurt. And I ask them at halftime to, if it did hurt as a group, the care factor rise into a different level. It should hurt. To that point, I mean, do your team profiles pretty well defensively? Has the defense come along maybe slower than you anticipated? We try some different things schematically tonight and to get a look at it. And there were some positives and some negatives about it. We just haven't had time to practice that. We'll use some opportunities going forward to practice different schemes, because we'll need it going forward. I'm learning the strengths and weaknesses of this group, not where their previous stops were. It's the culmination of this group together and what it presents. So I am learning that. And my job is to convince them to buy into us doing it together. Back at you. Similar to that, just beyond the physical part of it, back-to-back, the emotional part of it, when you throw so much of the team last night and then you come out tonight and the team has read out like that was, do you know like even as much as my guys fight, this is going to be a, this might break them early a little bit? Yeah, I tried to use all those timeouts pretty early to somehow get our group to think about the challenge. The way I'm built, I just look at it as part of the schedule. And a tough part of the schedule, we just got to deal with it. We got another game in another day or so, and a tough team. We just got to deal with it. And I think that's what's the importance of everyone rallying around each other and doing their part and really diving into each possession mattering for us, whether it's a transition break, whether it's a missed offensive rebound, whether it's a pass that's not on time on target. We got to get this group to buy into each possession meaning something for us because of the way our team is built. Jack went off the tonight, it was game 62, so there's 20 games in the early quarter of the season. I mean, just as you guys go into this last strategy, so I'm kind of figuring out what works and what does what, what do you think is going to be key kind of stay either in that top six or just play off standing? Yeah, we really got to take a step defensively.  And I think we have enough firepower to do that. But we have to take our defensive mindset to a different level. We have to be extremely confident in guarding the guy in front of you and take pride in doing that because that's the first part of our defense. And has he already been ruled out for Friday or is that still a TV day? Ben's out for Friday.