My name is Hilary Carter. I'm the VP of Research at Linux Foundation. A little bit about myself. I joined the LF in March this year, so I'm a newbie. This is my first open source summit. Prior to launching Linux Foundation research, I launched and ran a similar think tank called the Blockchain Research Institute, where we created a similar repository of insights on all things blockchain using implementation evidence, writing white papers and case studies, and doing so along industry lines. So that's a model that I have been compelled to replicate at the LF because there's a lot of utility in that way of conducting research and organizing it as we continue to publish projects. So, did anyone catch my five-minute walk on yesterday? So for those of you who were there, I'm sorry, I'm going to repeat a little bit of what I said yesterday about why we started this initiative and what we hope to achieve. So earlier this year, I was approached by Jim Zemlin and others from the LF to contemplate the idea of creating the definitive repository of data and insights specific to the open source paradigm, to tell the story of what open source is and what it isn't, and to take inspiration from some of the incredible body of research that was conducted just after 2000 by Krim Lakhani and Erik von Hippel and Benkler, and others. But that sort of thought leadership needs an upgrade and an update for the present day environments. And what is fascinating is that open source as a practice for mass collaboration at scale is not really widely known. We as practitioners or those who are on the front lines of this kind of innovation understand what's happening, but beyond our communities, there is not a lot of understanding about what's taking place. And I know that to be true about the blockchain ecosystem as well. So we want to create a knowledge base and in doing so create a knowledge network and work with our communities to build these valuable resources that we can all share. So that's what we're going about and why the Linux Foundation is suitable for this kind of research initiative is that we are on the front lines of open innovation. We are expanding into new industries. We are seeing new projects become open sourced and we are therefore in a unique position to conduct this kind of research. And seeing industries like even this year agriculture technology and gaming come under the umbrella of the LF is really quite exciting and these are stories that we really want to tell. We have unprecedented access to a community of subject matter experts, leading thinkers, senior decision makers at the world's largest technology companies and that is rare and it's special. And we intend to leverage that to the benefit of the community. We also as a nonprofit foundation are able to convene like mines and that same type of individual both very senior decision maker people from government at times and our contributor community and do so and create a forum for discussion and thought leadership. So we're in a position to do this and to do it well and so we're going to leverage this opportunity. So what is the value that we intend to create? Well the first thing we want to do is create a knowledge base. I mean the purpose of research is to create new knowledge and when we create new knowledge or when we create the good research is defined by questions that generate new research and more research and deeper research. So our purpose is to inform what is going on here and it's very difficult outside our individual technology areas to have a grasp at the scope of collaboration and the kinds of projects that are being worked on. So if we can create an easy way to inform both policy makers, decision makers, students and society at large about what is happening then that is an achievement. We also want to inspire a new generation of contributors new generation of participants and in storytelling and in contextualizing why open source matters to solving common problems we hope that we can bring new participants into our communities and build more diverse communities. We also intend to engage our ecosystem. We cannot do this alone and it provides us opportunities for new conversations for outreach and engagement is a big part of the plan and we think the value of research to get our communities involved and there's so many different ways that we can do that. We also hope to attract new organizations to the LF and expand our partnerships at every opportunity. We think what we do is special and this is one way to kind of broaden the community through evidence and data. We also want to position the LF as the center of thought leadership on open source. So these are the goals that we hope to accomplish through this program. As I mentioned yesterday the way we're going about doing this is along three sort of buckets of analysis. The first being exploring open source by industry vertical. Last week we published one of our first reports of 2021 the jobs report which is in its eighth year but we've been able to update that new format, new layout, new graphics, new social shareables and so on. For the education vertical there's a lot more to come because I think this is a new and a growing space as we saw with our open source program office survey. The education and academic sector is starting to get engaged in opening open source program offices. Very exciting. Next week we'll be publishing research, the baseline study, on the state of open source in financial services. So next week at open source strategy forum in London we'll be launching our research that we conducted earlier this year about what's the landscape for financial services companies. We focused on banks, hedge funds and asset managers and really like most industries consumption of open source for our ways contribution. So industry vertical and secondly technology horizontal. We will take very specific looks into individual technologies and describe what it is that is taking place, what the opportunities are, what the challenges are. We worked with Hyperledger to conduct a brand study which the results of which have been pre-released Daniela to members and will be released more broadly to the Hyperledger member community in October. That's an example of a kind of technology research piece that we'll do here at the LF. And finally for those issues that do not fall neatly into industry vertical or technology horizontal we call these ecosystem wide issues. We'll explore topics like diversity, equity and inclusion, management and legal issues, climate standards, things that apply quite broadly and there is no shortage of content. I think if we have one challenge at Linux foundation research it is scope creep and trying to prioritize. I was asked earlier today if our agenda is written in stone or what shapes the research agenda and so often we have to pivot by the issue of the day. How much work have we had to or how have our businesses had to align to something like a pandemic as an example or the executive order issued by the Biden administration on cyber security. I mean that can sometimes change the direction and change the priority of a business model and research is no different than that. So our models are to create research along a set of core research projects in which we'll focus on issues like cyber security, really big topics and priority topics that sometimes take a little bit longer to publish. And then we have shorter cycle projects of the kind we did with Phenos and Hyperledger projects that you can conduct in maybe four month cycles. A lot of LF projects may come to us and say we have a need for a survey. We want to work with LF research to create insights or explore a given hypothesis and we'll be very glad to do just that. So project and short form research describes the sort of shorter and smaller more focused projects that we can bring forward faster. And as I had alluded to previously, I believe very strongly that research is a team sport and it is something that we create together. Data and good quality data is often challenging to come by. Survey completes are challenging to come by, especially when we need knowledgeable individuals in a given subject matter. Not everybody has expertise in enterprise blockchain and being able to evaluate the different tenets of Hyperledger vis-a-vis other crypto platforms. You know, there's some specialized skill sets that we need to leverage. So how we go about collecting data differs by research project. So if you and your organization are in a position to share data on a given issue, if you're able to complete a survey for which you have some expertise, we'll be very appreciative. Thank you in advance. We will be sharing a lot of surveys. Survey fatigue is a potential risk, but there is no data without going out to market and fielding a survey. We do have a very good network within the Linux Foundation, a large subscriber base to our emails. And when we have Canvas, the community at large, we have tended to get very good and reliable sample. It can get tricky when you're looking for something very specific. As in we only want end users or we're studying end user velocity. That's a little bit more challenging. We can't Canvas the LF at large because we're going for a very focused dataset. Interviews are another way we're looking for contributions. Whether you contribute expertise anonymously or can go on record, interviews are very challenging to generate. If you work for a Fortune 500 or a publicly listed company, generally, anything that is published is going to have to run through a communications department and can take weeks and sometimes months to approve and it can get a bit sticky. So it's tough. But qualitative interviews are, they simply provide a richer perspective. It is wonderful when you can gather the insight of a senior person in an organization and get their thought leadership on a given issue. And anytime we can accomplish that, I think that's a win for everybody. We ultimately want to create a knowledge that you just can't get online that creates something unique that hasn't been published before and fresh insights on a new issue generally come out of qualitative interviews. And there is a certain demographic who will never do a survey. They will not complete a survey. Certain folks or senior people in particular, they're not going to spend 15 minutes on a survey. But they will potentially share their expertise in an interview. So we have to balance that dynamic. There are many ways to get involved in designing a research project. So if there's a topic that you know is on our agenda and you'd like to be part of influencing the design of the survey or doing a peer review, that is always an option and something I would strongly encourage. I think peer review at every level of the research process is important. Co-branding and sponsorship, if your organization is excited about a given topic and wishes to align your message with our research, that is definitely an opportunity that is also available to the community. Supporting DEI objectives, what I mean by that is as we go about the process of creating research, we have to keep in mind diverse objectives. Do we have enough interviews that comprise a diverse set of thinking? Diversity in thought, diversity in all facets. And sometimes we'll need help in finding the right people to achieve DEI objectives in the research process. It's not just the composition of our teams, but it's how our research is composed as well. We're trying very hard to accomplish this in our current DEI research, which will come out roughly in December. And authorship. I'm always looking for subject matter experts who would like to take ownership of a research paper and write a project. I've hired a couple so far this year. People I have worked with in the past, folks that Jim Zemlin has worked with. And so if you know of someone who wishes to author a research piece, if you want to chat about your own interests and how you can get involved, let's do it. I think talent is, it's not always easy to find, and open source talent is very specialized. And writing is challenging. I have worked with many skilled practitioners who understand code very well and they understand computing languages very well. But the written report to make something readable and to structure it well is a skill set unto itself. So when we can blend those skills of potentially both sides of the brain, we can come up with something terrific. But it can be very challenging. So skilled writers, send them my way. So here's how we go about launching a survey. We'll begin with a research plan, a project scope, and a mission and vision of a given piece of research. What's the hypothesis? Who is our target audience for survey response? We'll program and we'll test the survey out. We use SurveyMonkey as our survey instrument. We'll typically do a soft launch. And when we have our desired sample, which can range depending on the topic, depending on the size of the community, I think a good sample in some areas is 200 and in other areas it's 1,000. But there is a sort of sweet spot. My colleague Steve Hendrick, who does lead our quantitative process, he does like to have a sample anywhere ranging to 200 and 500 completes. We may at times choose to work with a panel provider to get our completes, in which case we're paying per complete. We will often go to an LF mailing list, a specific mailing list to try to find qualified respondents. And sometimes we will canvass more broadly. Going out on social media presents as challenges. Surveys are not without being gamed and lots of spam. And that is always a challenge whenever a survey is shared publicly. We use MarketSite as our analytics tool to generate our segmentation, our charts before they go into production. So rough deliverables that generate them in PowerPoint and Excel and PDF. But we will typically recreate those for professional publication and design. We create a number of optional deliverables. I'll describe our core set of deliverables, but if you wanted to create an e-book, for example, with our research team or an in-depth white paper, not just a survey, there are many ways we can create a bespoke research program. I want to briefly share a few of the software build materials results. If you were in Kate Stewart and David Wheeler's presentation earlier, this may come as a repeat. But we had a survey in the field for several months on software build materials readiness. And we'll publish the findings and analysis next month. But here's a preliminary view. We wanted to explore familiarity and maturity with respect to software build materials by organization, what capabilities are needed, some of the benefits, some of the concerns, and where do we go from here? What is the response to the executive order? What's happening in this space as one of our initial research pieces in cybersecurity? The survey was in the field for three months. We canvassed a worldwide audience. We translated the SBOM survey into six different languages. I believe it was Chinese, Japanese, Korean, French, German, and Spanish or Portuguese. I'm sorry, I can't remember which. I think it might have been Spanish. Anyhow, we had a decent response for some of our multilingual respondent, or multilingual respondents. We were looking for responses by technology consumers and user enterprises, producers, and organizations, including academia and standards organizations, IT organizations. And we're targeting a whole cross-section of IT decision makers, line of business leaders, and academics, and ideally decision maker level. Our screening criteria, I'm going to just jump over that to get to some of the results. In terms of familiarity with software bill of materials, there was excellent familiarity among SBOM innovators, less familiarity with some of those who we described as being laggards. Never heard of. There is certainly work to be done in terms of education around this particular tool and its purpose. In terms of production plans, those organizations who are producing SBOMs across all segments of the business, again, the innovators or SBOM early crowd are leading that sort of readiness element. There is work to be done though in terms of the urgency of getting organizations to comply. And as I was saying earlier, cybersecurity can be very challenging, imperative when it's not linked to either business models or revenues, and that often crises create change. And so in the executive order, doesn't necessarily create the change as quickly as we might have liked. Where and when will SBOMs be produced, mostly at the production level, and either during software delivery or software builds. Again, there's still people who just don't know, but they were familiar enough with software bill of materials, but they just didn't have certainty about how to answer specific questions. A production format at SPDX is a leading known format, and that might be because we canvas a large number of people within the Linux Foundation community who are familiar with SPDX because of its LF origins. And team LFT members associated with the origins of SPDX, but certainly other tools like Cyclone DX are fairly well established. I'm going to move on in the interest of time. We'll publish more details on the SBOM readiness survey in October. Yeah, not specific to Cyclone. Oh, sorry, repeat the question. Yeah, can we comment on the familiarity of Cyclone DX versus SPDX? At this point, I cannot, so I'm not able to answer that question with any kind of accuracy, so I'll hesitate in doing so. But if we were to look at different tools and who responded, that could be a study unto itself. Thank you. Good question. So what is on the agenda and what do our research deliverables look like? So this is what is coming down the pipeline. SBOM readiness is coming out next month. For Linux Foundation, Platinum and Gold members, we have an exclusive set of research that is specific to policy insights in both the United States and the European Union. What senior leaders in government, legislators, chiefs of staff, and senior members of government departments are thinking about technology issues? How do they see tech priorities? What are their constituents concerned about what's on their agenda? And what was very interesting was that Republicans and Democrats, for example, when looking at cyber, view cyber very differently. And there's a strong link in the US policymaker environment to connect cyber priorities with the electrical grid of all things. They don't typically view cyber in the same lens that we might. We think about cyber in terms of build environments and patches and supply chains. And I think policymakers view technology issues in terms of what is going to upset my constituency and am I going to get reelected? And when the grid goes down, I think constituents get mad fast. And that has a funny way of playing it into sentiment in levels of government. So apologies if you're not an LF Gold or Platinum member. This particular research will not be available to you, but we do have a whole lot of content that will be publicly available. Our open source program office survey results were published just on Monday by the to-do group. We are also conducting a supplementary research paper on the OSPO, in terms of the OSPO evolution and OSPO archetypes. That's going to come out in November. What's nice about doing a research report following the publication of a survey is that our interviewees who contribute qualitative analysis to research can comment on the findings of the survey. And then you put everything together and say, you know, this really is the state of the OSPO in 2021. Phenos is publishing their research on state of financial services next week. Hyperledger will be presenting its findings to Hyperledger members. So to foundation at KubeCon, they're going to present storage and data trends in 2021. Our DEI research is coming out in December. And an updated report in collaboration with the Laboratory of Innovation Science at Harvard, measuring deployment of free and open source software. And private and public companies will come out later this year as well. So here's how we go about publishing our research initiatives and the core deliverables that you'll expect to see. Typically, we announce a research project. We'll write a blog about it. We will create social media posts, especially where there's a survey and we're looking for public respondents. We'll often mention a project in our newsletter and we'll publish the opportunity on linux.com. And here's what our blog announcement looked like for the Hyperledger brand survey, which boy, I think we did that in May. In May, we published that. Yeah, time flies. So depending on the project, we want to create widespread awareness of a given piece of research to try to engage the community in the process. Our deliverables will comprise an in-depth research report. So next week, you'll see the inside contents of State of Open Source and Financial Services. We did this partnership in collaboration with Phenos and member organizations including Scott Logic, We Pro, and GitHub. So we had a whole committee come together to help design the survey, create a set of priorities and questions for qualitative interviews, and come together and put together a unique perspective and some impressive thought leadership from a group of experts that I think they'll still provide some value. It also creates a baseline for where the financial services industry is in open source against which we can compare changes over time. So that's the objective of this research. All of our reports comprise a forward by a subject matter expert in this case, the forward written by Gabriele Colombro who's joined us here today. Thank you, Gab, for writing the forward. An executive summary for people who are consuming research on the go. Sometimes it's not possible to reach an 80-page document, but the executive summaries are certainly quite handy. And that's something that typically differentiates our reports from some other types of research. Analysis, we want each project to have some actionable conclusions and to stimulate ideation, strategy formation, and next steps. Because we do think that our work needs to be purpose-driven and to have thoughts about, okay, now what? It's no point in having survey says, what does all mean and what can we do next? We are publishing most projects under Creative Commons license and we'll have citation information for all of those reports that are publicly available and you want to include them in essays, media, etc. What I love about research is the tangible utility. Produce PDFs, put them off, read them on the plane, and they live forever. Our deliverables often include a presentation of survey findings. We'll produce a PDF of our survey results. This is an example of the design work that the LF is doing. And this page is simply a summary of the demographics of our phenose research. Infographics, these are terrific cross-utility deliverables that help broadly disseminate the ideas and the findings of a given research project. So these tiles can be repurposed. They can be put into slides. They can be shared as content on social channels. They're colorful. They help visual learners consume the content quickly. So we're quite pleased. This was an idea and a styling that was initiated by Derek Weeks, the new CMO who has just joined Linux Foundation. Here is a highlight of just how pretty one of those infographics looks in a PDF. So in the Ospo survey, 51% said increase in funding for open source initiatives is somewhat or very likely this year, or very or somewhat likely this year. And it's just a talking point around which other initiatives can kick off. But I think they do serve a purpose to share high-level findings quickly and in a highly consumable way. From the jobs report, two-thirds of developers need more training to do their jobs. Good stats, you know. No shortage of calls to action come through these. And sorry about this. This is hot off the press. Again, it relates to our financial services report. I don't yet have a production-ready version of this tile. But a data point, 15% of employees in financial services are unclear of their FOSS contribution policies. Gets you thinking. We also are committed to providing links to open data sets. So that if you want to tinker around with the data, if you want to see if you can come up with insights, certainly in our S-bomb research, for example, on what a given population thinks, if they happen to choose Cyclone versus SPDX, what can you find? And those data sets will be published on data.world. We'll remove all personally identifiable information, and you're free to pull either the Excel spreadsheet or the CSV files and use them as you see fit. Oh, I should say they'll also be under CDLA permissive, 2.0 license. So our agenda, insights in the EU. Yeah, I explained that briefly about ballast research. This is the research that is for gold and platinum members only on policy sentiments around technology. This will send out a newsletter and get a sense of what different political parties think on given issues. And really why we're doing this is, if there is some dangerous piece of legislation that is whispering about the corridors of the halls of power in either Europe or the United States, it might be great for us to know about that ahead of time. And if anybody is on a tear, we'd love to have a conversation with that legislator who might be upset or concerned about an issue. And we have this opportunity for a conversation before things become potentially difficult for our sector and our methodologies. We are very committed to understanding the economics of open source and the value of open source, especially when organizations move from proprietary to open. So what are the value economics? And how do we measure the economics of open source? Sometimes it's intrinsic, but other times it has real material dollar value. So saying earlier to Daniela, we were describing the value of open solutions that connect business models and actually help achieve ROI. It's actually hard to find, but we want to try to better understand the levers around economic value when technologies are open, how business success metrics change, and how are new markets created by this decision? Securing software supply chains, or should I say hardening the software supply chain? This is a top priority at Linux Foundation this year. And again, I think a lot of this priority will come down to understanding the economics of risk, the economics of cyber risk, the cost of inaction, or the cost of a breach. I saw a few years ago the financial services sector move quite quickly on climate issues because of economics. The economics of insurance claims led to collaboration by a number of financial services organizations. An initiative called the Task Force for Climate-Related Financial Disclosures. As insurance claims were mounting and climate risk and climate damages were escalating exponentially over decades, the insurance companies and certainly pension funds were starting to get a little bit nervous, that they needed better data to understand climate risk and how it relates to market risk and potential legal action by unit holders. Unit holders in Australia were suing their pension funds because they weren't doing enough due diligence about the holdings within the funds themselves. How much climate risk was exposed to these individual holdings within a portfolio? Were these organizations on the path of hurricanes? Were they in flood risk zones? Were they in areas that are at risk of forest fire? What other kinds of climate risk are they? Are they carbon generators? What's that carbon picture and how does that impact economics? So if we bring that argument forward to security, we might be able to inspire our laggards in cyber too, as David Wheeler says, eat their vegetables. How do you convince people to eat their vegetables sometimes it takes a health crisis for change and we don't want a health crisis when it comes to supply chains. And in terms of other projects that we'll focus on, this is what's coming down the industry vertical tech horizontal and ecosystem pipeline. I shall say because we're still very much in a pandemic that public health issues and looking at the adoption challenges have come some COVID tools, I think is a very interesting area of study. We have technologies that are incredibly powerful, but there is a fear of tech and there is a distrust or a mistrust of technologies. We have an application in Canada that was developed by the team at Shopify. It was donated to the government of Canada, rolled out 12 Canadians, but the download rate was not effective, shall I say. That same tool was then donated to be hosted at the Linux Foundation, should other societies, governments in countries where they just didn't have the opportunity to code up a COVID notification app, it's there for access, it's there for the world. Why was there better adoption of a technology like Green Shield in Ireland and the UK? What's going on in our different regions and why is adoption of some tools better than others? Entertainment is such an exciting industry vertical to think that the Academy Software Foundation is coming together and all the film studios are collaborating and then competing on the creative side, but let's work on common problems where we share common costs. Automotive and mobility, very important industry vertical. We need to have more software definition in these areas and move on from combustion and try to leverage some digital technologies in the process. And climate risk and reporting, this is a passion project of mine. In the tech horizontal area, 3D printing and open standards I think is a fascinating area. I am mesmerized by what the capabilities are with 3D printing and how it's converging with other technologies like blockchain where the asset that's transferred on a blockchain network that's specific to 3D printing is the computer aided design file itself. Much like I would send a crypto asset from my wallet to your wallet, I will securely share my computer aided design file as I pitch for the design of a given aircraft part, for example. And that provenance is secured when there's a recall. Ah, recalls are better managed. We know which designers are creating very effective parts, like fascinating stuff. And since we're in space on Mars and the International Space Station, it's really handy when you can print a much needed part on site. Linux kernel authority, that's just a fascinating story. What's the velocity? What is our community want to know about the widespread adoption of Linux in these exciting areas? As Chris DiBona said, the interplanetary operating system where Linux is operating on Earth in orbit and on other planets. That's a compelling and very inspiring story. And in truth, before I joined this organization I had no idea that that's how Linux was impacting the digital economy and SpaceX and everything automotive. This is news to me and I have been in tech for quite some time, though not in operating system, not in Linux at all. So fascinating. We do want to explore blockchain technology for all of its exciting opportunities and this is a tech which suffers from misinformation, confusion with crypto, regulatory complexities and sometimes needless ones. When you're talking about supply chain applications or vaccine traceability or food traceability, maybe there's some applications in cybersecurity where hashing the identity of a developer who has certified the security of a packet could be realized. We don't know. We're going to investigate. Looking at software defined industry transformation, if other industries follow the model that Telecom followed or its path to becoming software defined, then we have an opportunity to potentially reach our climate targets. So that's just a snapshot of the art of the possible. Could this change slightly? Yes, but this is what I'm proposing to the Linux Foundation Research Advisory Board tomorrow, which gathers here in the morning. In terms of ecosystem projects, super coders, Jim Zemlin is very excited to explore this topic. Who are our maintainers and what is going on in their worlds? Are they stressed out? Are they overwhelmed? Who are they? What projects are they working on? Is it possible that we have a tremendous burden on too few people and how do we remedy that? So getting a sense of what our maintainer community looks like at the highest levels I think will be insightful. Moving from intersource to open source, yeah, like how do we, is this a method for change and how do we leverage intersource activity and encourage that or what are the trends? How have organizations gone from intersource to open source? What can we learn? Mentorship, Shua Khan came to me and said, we'd like to know more about the value of our mentorship programs. So let's have a conversation, a survey. Let's find out what the economic value is of mentorship programs. How well are we doing? So we'll be working with Shua on that project. Same thing with salaries on certifications. You've taken a cert, how has it changed your life? What are the economics of that? Was it, you know, is that useful data for organizations to consider certifying at the largest scale? Is it a question? Yes. Yeah, it's probably super maintainers. Yeah, I mean, we'll see. In truth, I'm still learning what the scope of that project could be. And to say, what are the issues? And so part of the research development process is to have conversations say who and what. Should we be focusing on what questions should we be asking? Yeah. Yeah, so that is what we plan to bring forward in 2022, hoping to publish core research at least one every six months. And four projects a quarter. Now, as our resources maybe be maxed out, our team could expand to address demand. We may find we have to reprioritize, depending on a given project coming to us and say, would you mind swapping this one out with that one? But these are all conversations that are, you know, not set in stone, but this is just a snapshot of what we can and would like to do at this point in time. And I am now available for your questions. That brings me to the end of my presentation. Thank you very much for your attention. Yes. Yeah. In fact, the 3D printing project, there are standards being created around that, open standards in 3D printing. There are open standards in, there are standards groups in blockchain, for example, creating standards on transport, like a standardized way to do a bill of lading that could be industry-wide, something like a, it was led, the initiative was led or influenced by, oh my goodness, Head of Enterprise Ethereum Alliance, Daniella, former head, Ron Resnick, who did the work on SIM cards and standardizing SIMs for the telecom industry. So there's a lot to explore there and it really is important, because standards are, you know, they create value. Visual identity, oh, sorry. Yes, yeah, thank you. Digital identity at Linux Foundation Public Health. Trust over IP standards. In financial services, not within the LF, but an identity standard that's being used within the Canadian financial services sector is led by Securekey, an LF member organization where the big Canadian banks collaborated around know-your-client standards, so that if my identity was verified at RBC Royal Bank when I went to apply for a mortgage and then I wanted a credit card at Bank of Montreal, one bank's validation and certification of my identity is accepted by all. So that's a massive cost savings. So yeah, I love the idea of standards and collaboration around standards. Yes. Is this really about the inner-source, the inner-source was the appropriation of open-source approaches to the proprietary software in general? Yeah. And so I want to say, like bringing the inner-source back to open-source, the open-source is already taking the open-source back. I think it's talking about companies moving towards more of the... Exactly, yes. How inner-source... Yeah, I'll try to clarify the question with the answer in that the research project that was proposed on inner-source as a path to open-source is really about how an organization evolves its participation in open-source more broadly outside of the walls of its organization. And the first thing an organization can do is participate in a sort of inner-source collaboration on technologies that will only be used by their organization. And then once they get the idea of how bringing different parts of an organization together to work on a common problem, they think, well, what if we move outside of our organization walls and contribute outside of just our organization? How is that an almost an essential step in creating the culture that's necessary for open-source? And if you can't get inner-source, it could be that you can't get open-source either. Well, I think... Are we at time? I think I'll wrap it. Thank you very much. I'd invite you all to ask questions, get in touch with me on email, on Slack, LinkedIn, whatever. I'd be delighted to talk to you about research anytime. Thank you so much.


Welcome to the second module in our unit on reading and annotating content in Zotero. In the last module, I showed you how to create and edit notes in Zotero. In this module, I'll cover some ways that you might use them. This module covers these suggestions, using notes in combination with collections or as attachments to items, a note card technique for collecting notes by topic, and an article notes technique for creating notes associated with a specific item, such as a journal article or book chapter. As you can see, this module is focused on the notes function that is built into Zotero. Of course, there are lots of other ways to take notes digitally. In module 4 of this unit, I'll be showing you how you can create notes and annotations directly in PDF files and pull those into Zotero as well. But let's deal with Zotero's built-in notes first. To follow along in this module, you need to have Zotero installed on your computer. You can get the software at Zotero.org. And for more information on the basics of using Zotero, see our online guide or check out the mastering Zotero guide on GitHub. This module also uses examples from a sample Zotero library. You can use your own Zotero library to try out the features I cover, but I've also made the sample items for this course available for you to import into your own Zotero library. That way you can see exactly what I see and follow along click by click. To learn how to get and import these sample items, see the course setup module and come back to this one when you're ready. If you've been doing university-level work for a while and are used to working with papers, sources, printed articles, etc., your desk probably looks a little bit like this. But when I'm making notes on a book, I might jot things on stickies and use those as bookmarks. I might make a separate set of notes in a notebook. I'll have a to-do list on a scratchpad, random notes all over the place with ideas on things I want to follow up on or new sources I want to find. The bottom line is that it ends up being a big mess. Zotero can help keep your work organized. Some of this is more or less automatic just because of the way Zotero organizes things. For example, I make some typed notes on an article and attach that note to a Zotero item, which keeps them together. If I have collections based on topics or themes, I can keep standalone notes inside those collections. I can also use tags with my notes, just like any other Zotero item, so if there are multiple ideas in the note, I can use tags to track them. If the note mentions other notes or other Zotero items, such as journal articles, I can list those in the related items. These organizational features are great for keeping things together, but perhaps one of the nicest things about notes being stored in Zotero is that I can use the built-in search function to find my notes and related content at any time. So why does this matter? Well, if you've ever flipped through a book stuffed with sticky notes because you're pretty sure you wrote the name of an interesting author in one of them, but you just can't remember where, Zotero can save you a lot of time. There are probably an endless number of ways to use notes in Zotero, but I'm going to show you two approaches you might want to try. The first is based on creating loose collections of ideas, facts, and other tidbits that you can organize later. The second is based on making notes on entire articles or book chapters. So let's talk first about using notes related to topics or subtopics. This approach to writing notes designed to set you up so that you can organize and combine ideas later is sometimes called the note card system. If you're the sort of person who likes to make notes on index cards, this might work well for you. The paper-based version of the note card system uses index cards. Each card represents one quotation, a paraphrased idea or summary, and the card also contains information about the source document and location like a page number. Most importantly, you also mark each card with a topic, theme, or category. The process of creating these topics keeps you focused on what's important to your research and your work while you're reading. And once you have a stack of cards, you can organize them by topic and use them to start building your paper, your assignment. Let's use this system in Zotero. For this example, I'm doing some research on the Halifax Harbor Explosion of 1917, and I want to use Zotero notes instead of physical index cards. I have an entry for an Encyclopedia Britannica article on a settlement that was affected by the explosion, and I'm going to read it as part of my research. I'll right-click on the item and select Add Note. This creates a new note for me, and because it's attached to the Encyclopedia article, I know that whatever I put in this note is about this item. As a result, I don't need to put any other source information in my note. Now I'm going to read the article. The Encyclopedia article is about one of the settlements affected by the Halifax Explosion. Afrikville was a black community located north of Halifax along Bedford Bay, and I want to keep track of information I find about the settlement in the papers I'm reading. This Encyclopedia article on Afrikville points out that none of the relief money donations from the Halifax Explosion were used to repair or rebuild damaged homes in Afrikville. I'm going to paraphrase this information in my note just by typing it in. I'll also add that this information came from paragraph 8 of the article in case I need to cite it or locate it later. And by the way, I'm counting paragraphs here because this is an online article and it doesn't have page numbers. So based on the note card system, the only other thing that's missing is the topic for this note card. And when Unit 1, we talked about how tags are great for tracking themes, topics, and keywords in Zotero. So I'm going to use a tag to record my topic. I'll click in the tags area under this note and type Afrikville. Now let's compare this Zotero note to the physical version we do on paper. We used a tag for the topic. We know the source because the note is attached to the source. And the idea we want to capture, as well as the page or paragraph reference, is in the note itself. So this is everything we need. There are a couple of nice things about using tags for the topics, maybe even better than doing this on paper. First, obviously, I can add more than one if I want. For example, this paragraph also talks about damage from the Halifax explosion, so I can add a tag called damage. Second, if I decide to edit this tag later because I've thought about my topics and I want to change them. If I want to remove the tags, if I want to combine the tags with other ones, these are easy things to do in Zotero. And you can see how to do this in Unit 1, Module 3. That's basically it. Using this method, you might create many notes for an article tagged with multiple topics. In the note card system, the goal is to put one piece of information in each note. So for a big project, you can end up with a whole lot of these. So now let's say I've done all my readings and I want to start pulling things together. All I have to do is select the collection I'm using for my items or my library. And then in the tag selector, I'll select the AFRICVIL tag. Now look what happens. All of my notes on AFRICVIL across all of the articles I've read appear highlighted in Zotero's center panel. And remember how I tagged a few notes with multiple topics? Let's say I want to see only the notes I made where I cover the explosion damage in AFRICVIL. All I need to do is add damages to my already selected AFRICVIL tag. And right away I see notes that cover both topics together. When you use tags like this, it's easy to see all your notes grouped together by topic, and that can help you plan and complete your writing. Another tip for keeping track of topic based notes like these involves using the saved searches feature in Zotero. And there's a module on that in Unit 5. The second approach I'm going to talk about is using notes on individual articles, this is known as the article notes method. In the paper version of this method, you might use a notebook entry to keep track of your thoughts, paraphrases, and quotations while you read an article. I might paraphrase the main idea, I can jot down quotations I like and the page they come from. I might write down some of my own thoughts, criticism, observations, new questions, there's no set way to do this and over time you'll develop your own system. You can do it free form, but I like to use a more formal system where I divide the notes into specific sections like summary, quotations, new citations to find, etc. To do this in Zotero, I simply use a Zotero note as my notebook. We'd set it up the same way that we do in the note card system. Add the note as an attachment to the article item. I'll right click on my article item, I'm going to use this article by Bob Yer in the Halifax Explosion collection and select Add Note. The new note appears as an attachment for the article and on the right hand side of Zotero I have a window where I can enter and format text. To make it easier to make notes while I'm reading, I use this edit in a separate window button and put the note in its own window. Then I'll open the PDF file to read and make my notes. That way I can leave it up next to my PDF reader and make notes as I go without having to juggle too many windows. In the text of the note, I can keep track of my thoughts on the article. I can paraphrase the main idea, jot down quotations I like, the page they come from. I might write down some of my own thoughts, criticism, questions, and more. Here's an example of one of my article notes on this article by Colligan and McPhee. You'll see that I wrote a sentence or two about the main point in the article, a question that came up while I was reading, an observation, and a couple of quotes. And I use the formatting features to turn these into headings in the text editor, in sections like this. Some people like to use different color or highlights to categorize their notes, and that's great too. Use whatever technique here that works for you. If this whole idea is new to you though, I'm including a couple of links to guides that are specific to taking notes on articles, course readings, and research, and I cannot recommend them enough. The guide from Trent University suggests some headings for note taking. Quotations, facts and figures, paraphrases and summaries, observations, and more, I like their model. But I don't want to enter these headings for every article, every time I create a new note. The good news is that I can set up a standalone note in Zotero that I can use as a template. Here's how. Go to your library in Zotero and create a new standalone note. The term standalone just means that the note will not be attached to any other item in the library. The first line of the note will become the title that I see in the item pane in the center, so enter something like underscore article notes template. Starting the title with an underscore means that you'll always be able to find the template when you sort your items alphabetically, since the underscore will put the note at the very top of the list. I'll add some headings to this template. Summary, quotations, observations, questions, words and ideas to look up, new citations, and to make it look nice, I'll use the heading style to divide things neatly. And these headings should be self-explanatory about what I'll put in them. For example, any direct quotes I like will go in this section, new questions I think everything's I want to look up will go here. And if the article mentions other sources that I'd like to check out later, I'll list those here. Before I finish the template, I'll add a tag to it. I'm going to call this tag underscore notes. Using the underscore at the beginning will make sure that it will always appear at the top of the list in my tag selector. Another way to do it is to right click on the tag name and assign a color to it, since any tag with an assigned color is always listed first in the tag selector. Now, here's why I'm putting a tag on my template. Every time I use this template to create a note, it will be created with the notes tag already assigned. That way I can easily see all my article notes by just filtering for the notes tag. And just like the note card system, I can use multiple tags on my notes if I want. So let's see this in action. When I want to make notes on an article, I'll create a duplicate of this template. So I'll right click on the template and select Duplicate this item. If it's not already there, I'll drag the duplicate to the collection where I want it. This is going in my Halifax Explosion collection. And then I'll attach it to the article that I'm making notes on by just dragging it on to the item. I'm going to use the template this time to make notes on this article by Jacob Remus. I can add whatever text I want as I'm reading and finding things of interest. The note will stay with the article and the notes tag will make it easy to find later when I'm collecting everything. If I make connections between this article and other things I'm reading, I can use the related items to reference those. And as I mentioned a moment ago, I can add whatever other tags I want to the note as well. The nice thing about using this strategy of having a template is that it expands to fit any project because you can use as many different templates as you want set up in any way you want. For example, you can create different standalone notes templates for different purposes or different styles of note taking, it's all up to you. So I've covered two note taking strategies that work well with Sotero's notes features. Both of the approaches I've covered provide a way to combine two things. First, the free format of notes lets you jot down anything you want while you're reading and working. Second, the ability to put notes in collections, to attach them to items, to label them with tags, or to generate reports that include your notes, makes it easier to find and use your work later. This is much better than rifling through your desk looking for that sticky note that you lost. This module isn't intended to cover everything you can do with notes. There are countless ways you can use them in combination with tags and collections and I encourage you to explore and find a system that works for you. The benefit is that Sotero gives you one place to store all your notes and makes it easier to find and use them later. In the next module, I'll show you how you can generate reports based on this kind of work, which makes creating things like annotated bibliographies much easier.


You have to keep the hair. I know that's what I love about Rajnikanth because he has the he could have and wear the greatest Wigs that people would believe his full head of hair and he does not give a Crap that he has lost his hair at all.  I'm Rick you follow the Instagram Twitter for more juicy content Today we got an interview with superstar rationing come wow That's not not kidding In the intro it's a exclusive interview with superstar rationing come awesome And I think it's mostly in English. I do believe hope he talks about the I want to give I want to hear him tell me Who is the master? That creates those wigs Her name is Helen. It's the it's the he has the best wigs in the business. Here we go from humble beginnings to super stada. Wow Great man a few words From humble beginnings to super stada and becoming one of the most loved actors with a following in millions His has audience a lot. Yeah, the visual and audio is a little after par excellence Who's acted in more than hundred and sixty films an acting career of over forty four years and inspiration for the actors yet So humble and simple. I've had two feature film releases Acting Golden jubilee award the icon award Which is a special award that has been conferred on him on the golden jubilee year of the International Film Festival of India Welcome to the Russian yes survivors back in 2014 you were conferred with centenary award of Indian film personality of the year this time around you're being honored with The icon of golden jubilee of easy award you represent 50 years of cinematic excellence your thoughts on these honors First when they announced this award to me. It was a very pleasant shock. I Really thought actually I mean really I mean do I deserve this honor? An icon award I'm pretty sure you deserve deserving of an icon award True I'm very humble Moses said that about himself. I am natural So nobody is actually unnatural become I mean Common I'm living my life like how the people are the people they live like so it looks like I mean different Just normal yeah Your life's journey has been dramatic. You have very humble roots very humble beginnings. You've had When you look back, what do you feel from other humble beginning what I am today? All great goes to actually first my parents and God's blessings and The all this one that uses directors and especially my fans Who are loving me? From the beginning till today What was that turning point in your life because you went to something totally different and then you moved into films You joined the film Institute in Madras Then there was K Balachander who noticed you. So what was that turning point in the entire journey? My entire the film journey the turning point is meeting K Balachander He completely he changed my life Yeah, I mean, of course, I mean I came to Maras and join the music to become an actor But I never thought actually becoming a hero and Actually, I'm interested to a film is to draw swimming. I was in Karanabash. I don't know him Also, yeah So Barshan Sriman identified me. No, he's he's genius everyone knows about it and He only told me just learn Tamil. They will see that I'm taking you to So he was so much confidence So in me so he identified and he told me I mean something in me And then a poor Raghangal happened in 1975 How was your journey since then because like you said You began with villainous rules and then you became a hero and then you became a superhero You have 50 to 50 years of cinematic experience with you So how has the journey been since a poor Raghangal that was way back in 1975 and viewers should know that Incredible one the best film award in the National Film Awards and it got three national film awards. Yeah It is actually may not be very small character number Attracted in that but when sharing the pictures of the buzzings are told me it is only a beginning He speaks English like he speaks Tamil. Yeah, really fast really fast That is actually a proper introduction actually he gave me as a villain as anti-hero kind of character Even KBS are himself. Of course he identified and he wants me to be a good character artist Like that he never even thought actually I'd become a hero That not surprising considering how he started So there actually he actually he came with the proposal of I offered me as a hero and unfortunately the picture clicked in a very big way So then that hero brand Stucked on me So it is like You know it is like from that day onwards till today by last days Yeah And you doubled into so much of regional cinema because like you said you began with Telugu And then Tamil cinema happened. You've done Kannada cinema as well. You've done Hindi cinema. You've acted in Hollywood too So was it a seamless transition for you? What did he act in Hollywood? This would be very challenging for a normal actor. Did I already know this so many languages? Yes, the language is a problem. So other days when acting the emotions everything is the same But when the language is a problem in the initial actually I felt really difficult to act in the Hindi films Yeah, so then actually I picked up gradually later I picked up But actually to cope up with norm in all three languages, two languages mainly then actually I was concentrating only Tamil and in Hindi Actually in 90s 83 to 90s Then I find a difficult norm in competing coping up with that We hear Bombay because in Bombay south is very I mean Planned actually Okay, now actually Bombay market has changed then it was not like that So then I find it difficult then I started acting in Hindi films then I started acting only in Tamil But in a film institute days did you train in any particular language? Okay, yeah, I was in Karnataka there then in 75 70 to 74 So you did so much of hard work learning so many languages and then acting into films Yeah, here being in Bangalore is a gospel but in the city you know being in Bangalore Bangaloreans They know three languages their mother tongue Kannada and hindi Yeah, and Marathi being my language So In India, so I'm because in cinema language Do you say Marathi is his language? Friendships and legendary I mean the story his original language is Marathi Legendary so to say Are you still in close touch with your old friends with those you were in touch with maybe from your film institute days? Yes, there is my real fortune That is my real fortune really I really relax with them myself She was your only quote Uh-huh Yeah, that's the very different actually it is It's completely different Whereas you know, no Those are your real friends?   Yes, I'm a director's actor So when the script comes to you How do you decide How to go with it? You see the script, director, what do you say?  Because I understand that when you began You didn't have your own mannerisms And then slowly you developed your mannerisms And they are such a hit Needless to say So in the beginning days actually I mean I made a point actually Every picture I think every picture I have to introduce some style Some gimmicks Because it is easy to do gimmicks Or in mannerism for a villain For a hero actually it won't For villain, yes But in a villain character there is no boundaries There is no limitation for a villain He can do a bad character He can do anything Whereas the heroes there are so much limitations Right So in every picture I have made a point I actually need to create some new gimmicks Or new mannerisms I used to work on that Yes, the gate openings stand Throwing the gate open And these two days And the flip of goggles These are really legendary so to say So do you give your own inputs Yeah, yeah, our gimmicks actually I give my one And you do a lot of practice I am sure I do, I do Months and weeks It depends on some types And it comes just like that You know it will play And sometimes you have to work in home And sometimes we take solution from others also Yeah And the director who discovered you Like you said was K Balachandar So how did you know that happen And he also remarked when he looked at you During an audition that this guy has fire in his eyes Does that fire still burn bright?  For my, not only for my career And for my life Yeah, the spiritualism actually has a lot to do Is that the reason you go to the Himalayas Yeah, yes, yes To get recharged You're a believer Very much Okay, now you know Three generations have senior movies And each generation has liked them As much as the previous generation Are you a legend or a phenomena? I'm just an act Great answer It's not for him to say, really Exactly The illusion that they have for you is mesmerizing I remember how your pictures were bathed in milk I mean, does all this amaze you sometimes? Yes, definitely Definitely, actually I mean, really, sometimes it makes me very emotional The way actually how they love me The way actually they give love No, I can't, I don't know how to give back that So that's all that No, I will picture to picture No, I will, I will do my level best To please them To do something Something new No, I will try I will try to please them That is for their love No, only that only I can give back In normal life you're so different You don't wear your makeup, wigs Which other actors do In that sense, you've broken tradition Because you are very original You are the way you are Like you're talking to me without any paraphernalia That other actors carry Is it because you're comfortable with your own selves? Absolutely You know, true I'm comfortable I want to be comfortable So in camera, in front of camera We're to act, we're wearing all that and everything So you're not the camera No, if you, if you, if you know that Even what you do in front of camera We feel like all the time No, we are in front of camera Yeah, so I am very much I've been, people accepted it They're fine You worked with young actors Glad she brought that out That you would have for many young aspirants Also who are going to join the film industry First of all, actually, they should enjoy their work Yeah, whatever they do They should enjoy They should enjoy That is the most important thing And what's been your inspiration? Has it been the Almighty? Has it been the Richter, Mr. Balachandar Or your own family? I'm sure, you know, there's something that The family tells you to keep you going You have your own drive So what is it that's inspired you the most? One should be busy If it's the most important Especially, especially when you are across 40 or 50 or 55, this thing Mr. Balachandar is a great inspiration for me Great inspiration for me Absolutely Yeah, so actually, he strongly Believed and actually advised me He's a very good friend of mine Doesn't he keep busy, busy, busy? You're in constant touch with him? Yes, yes, yes, yes Yeah, yeah, yeah That is the most important thing And do what I like to do Do what you don't, don't bother about what people say It is the highest, don't give ear to them There was a great equation with him, wasn't there? Yeah, very much Bye, Vajnikant Thalaivar, it was a pleasure to have you under the darshan years My pleasure Really a privilege for two darshan years to have you Thank you It's actually kind of crazy that He's one of the biggest superstars in India, right? If not the biggest, you know, you can make a debate for that, obviously But he plays these larger than life characters Like these characters that are God-like, superhero-like Oh, that's so confident Yes That he's just this like It's so braggadocious He's much more in real life Just a sweet small guy I'm just an actor, I don't understand really why people Like I'm glad they do Right But I just do what I do for fun They shower me with love I love Are you a legend or a phenomenon? Which is what you want to hear Yeah It'd be really weird He's like, no, I'm a legend Yeah I mean, he is He is That's really not for him to say though No And that's across the board in anything I've heard people who, you know, they say I'm the goat Typically, you're not if you say it Meryl Streep, she's the old goat That's right, the old goat That was great If you don't know that story, it's a great story Look it up Meryl Streep, the goat story The old goat's coming around Yeah, the old goat's coming around I love It says so much about her That she just accepted that they were calling That he was calling her I'm not just calling you a goat The old goat just walked in She's like, yep, that's me Pretty much The old goat Yep So yeah, he's wonderful Just like Yeah, Shavokan was asked that question Oh, you were a legend or anything He'd probably give a sarcastic answer He'd give a sarcastic answer that sounds arrogant But ultimately it's not Yeah, he's like, no, I'm just an actor No, I'm just an actor He's the exact same as me He's like, I don't understand why I've got this love And somebody else didn't I mean, he's very grateful for it Just like superstar One of the questions I would love to ask Because we really haven't talked to anybody at that level Of O'Rajnakanth, Big B, and SRK How they balance Because they do it I mean, SRK makes it a point To express his love to the fans Big B makes it a point to express his love to the fans And I know he does that I mean, we watched the video The Japan frenzy over him Yeah And I would love to know Some of the details of how they How they manage their life and their career By receiving and expressing that love to their fan base Without it becoming all consuming Of, because it could be These kinds of legends could spend 24 hours a day Seven days a week Just reciprocating the kindnesses That are sent to them by fans Yeah And I'm sure they have a very particular way Of expressing it and feeling like, okay I know I can't be all things to them I've got to pull back Because that's very rarefied air to be at that level Yeah I agree That was a lot of fun to listen to He has one film coming out this year That I know of at least And it's Jailer With Yogi Babu With Yogi Babu It's also Ani is the composer Oh, awesome It's going to have a lot of really good Great music Song, let me see Anything else, pre-production? Yeah, that's him, that's his page, right? Yeah, that's not, I don't think it's No, but right there Oh, it's a special appearance I think he's got a script and a pitch And this is just what's on IMDb He only has one film of his coming out this year That would make sense to do one film a year Jailer One or two Same director as Beast I know a lot of people thought it was a really fun film Not Beast, I mean Master is what I Yeah, Master What I meant Yeah Master, a lot of people thought it was a really fun film So I would love to see some Superstar Rastakant film Especially of his big, bombastic hero-ness Opening the gates Yes, that we've seen some Flipping the shades Like fight scenes from and stuff like that So let us know what the next Superstar Because we've seen him act and we know he's a good actor Oh, yeah But I want to see the Superstar side of him as well Yeah, the hero Superstar Let us know what that film should be Down below


Snats drunk. Skate or Die is a hidden missport for the NES. This game is all over the place with five different minigames to choose from. There's the freestyle ramp, the high jump, the downhill race, the downhill jam, and the pool joust. Right away you're greeted at the skate shop by this Rodney Dangerfield looking dude who's got a Mohawk and a Marines tattoo. Alright? You're able to move this cursor around as he says different things and you get the vibe of this game right away with the super cheesy trapped in the 80s lingo. After that you're out to a menu screen where you can skate around at each event and immediately the controls are just strange. Intuitively you'd think you'd hold A or B to accelerate and steer with the D pad kind of like an erasing game right? Nah. In Skater Die you hold up to accelerate, down to slow down, hold right to spin clockwise and left to spin counterclockwise. It's weird to get used to, but I have to give the game credit for having a menu screen like this because it allows you to get used to it. The trouble with this though is that the controls vary between events. Each of the 5 minigames has its own feel to it and it can take a long time to get used to each. And that's where the game kind of falls apart because it's hard to justify putting the amount of time it takes to get good at any of these. The downhill race and the downhill jam are the two most similar and it's just so goofy. No, I mean literally one control mode is called goofy foot or you can flip to regular controls but it feels just as awkward. Then for the freestyle you hold A to accelerate here and do a button combination to pull off tricks. The high jump is about creating momentum and tapping the right direction on the d-pad.  Joust is at least similar to freestyle and high jump and it's probably the best game here. You do 5 passes avoiding getting hit and 5 passes to hit the computer opponent. Beyond that you get a practice mode that allows you to test out each event. And from there there's a leaderboard style multiplayer option where you can have up to 8 players compete for a high score for each minigame so that's pretty cool. However, there's no computer opponent scores here despite being pitted against an actual opponent to race against in the downhill jam for example. But yeah there's a lot of personality in Skater Die, the character animations are well done. I like the guy's disappointed dismissal when he gets a crappy score or falling down a manhole or jumping on the police car or falling in the lake. The music is also great throughout the game. Really there's a lot to like here, it's just the controls. It's annoying enough to have such an oddball way to go about things but it's really frustrating to have it constantly keep changing. Here's a sequel, Skater Die 2, the search for double trouble but that game is completely different and is more of an action side scroller. There's also Ski or Die but again that one would probably deserve its own video entirely. Anyway, yeah, a recommendation on Skater Die depends on how much patience you have since you have to learn practically 5 different ways to skate and none of them are easy. As much as I love the music and the little touches this game has I don't think I'll be playing Skater Die again for a while, it's too all over the place.


Mobilized Russian troops endure quick losses in Ukraine war report one in five mobilized Russian soldiers who died in the Ukraine war were killed two months after being enlisted the independent investigative outlet iStories and the war monitoring project conflict intelligence team reported citing publicly available data according to the Moscow Times. iStories and conflict intelligence team said their figures are based on data related to the deaths of nearly 3,000 draftees who have died since President Vladimir Putin announced a partial mobilization last September however the two outlets stressed that the true death toll among mobilized troops is likely much higher the approximately 3,000 draftees deaths were documented by media reports official announcements and relatives of soldiers who chose to speak publicly only four of the mobilized reservists who died in the conflict lasted more than 11 months before being killed according to iStories and conflict intelligence team more than half of the mobilized troops killed were between the ages of 30 and 45 at the time of their death according to the analysis while nearly a third died between the ages of 20 to 29. Moscow rarely comments on its war dead and the Russian Defense Ministry last updated its soldier death toll in September 2022 placing the figure at under 6,000 killed. Western intelligence documents leaked earlier this year put the actual number closer to 110,000 Russian soldiers wounded and killed by February 2023 since announcing a partial mobilization of 300,000 reservists on September the 21st 2022 Russian authorities have digitized military records and tightened criminal punishment for draft evasion as some observers have speculated that the Kremlin is preparing for a new draft campaign yet the first wave of mobilization initiated last year is technically still in place as Putin who publicly declared its end in November has not signed a presidential decree that officially concludes mobilization.


Onchar, pichahli i skupoi, na poch vid znoem raskaljonai. Onchar, kak grozna i chuzavoi, sta'it adzin po vsej vsevenai. Upon the barren desert sands, on soil parched by summer's curse, Onchar, dread century, stands, all alone in the universe. Nature, waiting for it, gave birth to it in the day of heaven. The earth, the honey, the honey, and the roots of the poison. There nature in the thirsty plain, one day in wrath, wrought forth the thing. And to each root and leafy vein, it made a deadly poison clain. Ya, kaple skloz evo karu, koludnyu rastapjast adznoju, zastivait veche ru, guztoj prozračnuyu smaloju. The venom oozes down the bark, turned liquid by the blazing sun, and then congeals amid the dark into a thick, transparent gum. Ko nimu i ptitsa nivitit, i tigara nidiot. Mish-vigar čornay nadrevo smerti nabizhit, imtitsa proč, užet letmornay. Upon that tree, no bird will light, no tiger come. The wind's black breath will circle round the tree of blight, then speed away, now laced with death. I esli tuča rastit, bluzdaja listevo drimuči, s jevo vidvej užledovit, stikaet doržt, pisok karuči. And should a wayward cloud its dew upon those drooping leaves bestow, the branches drip a fatal brew upon the burning sand below. No čeloveku čelovek poslao kančarubu glasnunu sgjadom, i tot poslušna pudj počok, i kutru bozuracilsev sjadom. But once a man dispatched a man with baleful look into that waste, and he obeyed, and off he ran to bring the poison back in haste. Prinos on smeltoju smolu dvec sugladošči li listani, i pot oblednému čelu vstrujilse chladnani vručjani.  Prinos i oslagel i ljok, podsvodom šalša nalyki, i umer vietný ran u nok i povedimove vladyki. And having brought it, he grew weak, and lay beneath the vaulted tent at his mighty sovereign's feet, the wretched slave, expired, spent, and in the venomed sap the king dipped arrows for his warrior bams, and sent destruction near and far upon the men of other lambs. This was uncharted by Alexander Pushkin. Chapter 12, Immigration and Nationality. Sub-Chapter 2, Immigration. Mission 2, United States Code 1324, A-1 and 3. United States Code 1324, A-1, A, B, I. Never mind it. It's at hand. 7.30 PM, right here, the paper mache cathedral. Also in July and August, starting next Sunday, we will perform the Diagonal Life Circus and Pageant, down in the circus field at 3 PM. We will now serve bread and aioli out in the backyard, and the bread and puppet press store, museum, and cheap art bus will be open for your perusal. Lastly, we here at Bread and Puppets still believe in one great nation, and that's the donation. So if you do not see a hat on your way in, please feel free to visit one on your way out. Thank you.