Personal Finance PowerPoint Presentation, Money Market versus Short Term Bonds. Prepare to get financially fit by practicing personal finance. Most of this information comes from Investopedia Money Market versus Short Term Bonds. What's the difference? Which you can find online. Take a look at the references, resources, continue your research from there. This by Jennifer Wills, updated August 31, 2020. In prior presentations, we've been taking a look at investment goals, investment strategies, investment tools, keeping them in mind. We're now looking at money market versus short term bonds. On a short term basis, money market funds and short term bonds are both excellent savings vehicles. Both are liquid, easily accessible and relatively safe securities. So as individual investors, we're often looking at that kind of diversified portfolio, which means we might have some of our money in say the stocks or equities which have more volatility, but the possibility for more gains typically, and then some of our money might be on more of the fixed income side of things, which could include like bonds, savings accounts, CDs, money markets and so on. And then we also want to be thinking about the liquidity or how easily we can access the money, because we would like to be getting a return on it. But we'd like to have some of our cash flow in such a way that if there was an emergency or whatever our current cash flow needs will be in the future, that we can access the flow necessary to deal with those needs. So however, these investments can involve fees, may lose value and might decrease a person's purchasing power. So decreasing the purchasing power possibly due to say inflation, right, because when you're putting money into the short term type of vehicles, that you can access more readily than you might not be getting as high a return, and therefore inflation can eat into the actual purchasing power of those savings, not going down as much as say if there was a decline or a fall in the stock market, for example, but still losing purchasing power. So although money market funds and short term bonds have many similarities, they also differ in several ways. You might be looking at that category and saying, okay, which would be the best for that particular part of my investment strategy. Money market. So the money market is a part of the fixed income market that specializes in short term debt securities that mature in less than one year. Most money market investments often mature in three months or less. So you got that short term kind of rollover when they're going to be maturing because of their quick maturity dates. These are considered cash investments. So you in essence, if you categorize stocks, bonds, cash, for example, because you can access these fairly short term, you got fairly liquid investments, fairly cash related investments. Money market securities are issued by governments, financial institutions and large corporations as promises to repay debts. So they are considered extremely safe and conservative, especially during volatile times. So when you're thinking about the overall stock market and you see basically people moving from say equities stocks to something like bonds and money markets and things like that. That's usually a sign that people are getting sketchy about the stocks. They're thinking that stocks, maybe the market is going to go down. If the market were to go down, then obviously you could lose money on the stock market. Whereas if you put your money in these other kind of investments, you're not gaining a lot in terms of interest, but you're not likely to lose the principle would be the idea. We may not be using these indexes as readily to kind of move with the market so much as individual investors if we're trying to gear towards the long term plan. In other words, you don't want to panic and try to outplay the market if it's going against basically your long term strategy, but that's a general idea of what might happen. So access to the money market is typically obtained through money market mutual funds or a money market bank account. So these are going to be the tools that you might use to get access to the money markets, the mutual fund being a common kind of investment tool or strategy. The assets of thousands of investors are pooled pooled by money market securities on the investor's behalf, allowing us to get access to the benefits of the pooled investments through the use of the mutual funds. As we've seen in prior presentations, typically people thinking of mutual funds as they relate to stocks, but you can have that same kind of pooling component that can help you out as well with other tools, other investments. So shares can be bought or sold as desired, often through a check writing privileges. A minimum balance is typically required and a limited number of monthly transactions are allowed. The net asset value, the NAV typically stays around $1 per share, so only the yield fluctuates. Because of the liquidity of the money market, lower returns are realized when compared to other investments. Purchasing power is limited, especially when inflation increases. If an account drops below the minimum balance required or the number of monthly transactions is exceeded, a penalty may be assessed. So with such limited returns, fees can take away much of the profits. So the fees related to the money market funds could remove a lot of the profits given the fact that you've got these short-term investments and you would think that you're not going to have a big return on them, which is part of the tradeoff that you would have for investing in fairly liquid investments that you can have access to fairly readily. So unless an account is open at a bank or credit union, shares are not guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the FDIC, or the National Union Administration, the NCUA or any other agency. So when you think about having money in the checking account or possibly savings account at like a bank or a financial institution, then they are actually not holding on to all that money. They're holding on to a reserve and investing a lot of it. In the past, in like the 30s, if there was loss or a decrease in security on the banks or people's confidence in them, they might ask for their money back all at the same time. The bank wouldn't have it and therefore you'd have bank runs. And to stop that, you have this kind of insurance concept that's supposed to increase and does typically increase the security or safe feeling of people investing so we don't have those bank runs. We don't have that same kind of tool available for some other types of investments. So short term bonds, bonds have much in common with money market securities. A bond is issued by a government or corporation as a promise to pay back money borrowed to finance specific projects and activities. So bonds are basically like a loan from us the investor to the issuer of the bond, possibly government bonds or possibly a corporation. We expect to get the principal back in essence that we that we're kind of like loaning plus the interest in essence for the use of the money. So that's kind of like rent on the purchasing power of the money. In such cases, more money is needed than the average bank can provide, which is why organizations turn to the public for assistance. So buying a bond means giving the issuer a loan for a set duration. The issuer pays a predetermined interest rate asset intervals until the bond matures. So we're going to basically fix the return that we're going to be getting. We might get it like semi-annually or something like that. At maturity, the issuer pays the bonds face value. Basically if they sold it not at a premium or a discount, that might be the purchase price. A higher interest rate generally means a higher risk of complete repayment with interest, meaning if you buy a government bond, they're probably going to have a lesser of an interest rate because you have less risk with regards to the default of the bond. Corporations are going to have more risk with the default of the bond. If therefore you would demand a higher interest rate to loan money to them, once you can always loan money to the government. And then smaller companies, of course, you'll demand a higher rate of return from them, or the market will because there's more default risk related to them. So most bonds can be bought through a full service or discount brokerage. Government agencies sell government bonds online and deposit payments electronically. Some financial institutions also transact government securities with their clients. Short-term bonds can be relatively low risk predictable income. Stronger returns can be realized when compared to money markets. Some bonds even come tax-free. So you could, we've talked about different kinds of bonds like municipal bonds. For example, a short-term bond offers a higher potential yield than money market funds.  So bonds with quicker maturity rates are also typically less sensitive to increasing or decreasing interest rates than other securities. Buying and holding a bond until it is due means receiving the principal and interest according to the stated rate. Bonds carry more risk than money market funds. A bonds lender may not be able to make interest or principal payments on time or the bond may be paid off early with the remaining interest payments lost, depending on the kind of bond that you are having. And we've talked about different kinds of bonds in the past. Now again, the likelihood that they default on the bond and they don't pay it is going to be dependent upon who issued the bond. If it's a government bond, you would think that likelihood would be quite small. So if interest rates go down, the bond may be called paid off or reissued at a lower rate resulting in lost income for the bond owner. If interest rates go up, the bond owner could lose money and the sense of opportunity caused by having the money tied up in the bond rather than reinvested elsewhere. So if you're holding on to the bond and you've locked in a certain amount of time that you're going to be getting a fixed return, you've got the interest rate risk or the rate risk which we would say that if the interest rates go up as you have your locked in rate, it's kind of the reverse of a mortgage situation because now you're the investor at this point in time. You're the loner of the money at this point in time. So if market rates go up and you have the money, you could invest at that point in time and get a larger return than what you have currently locked in on the bond. So special considerations, there are pros and cons to investing in money market funds and short-term bonds. Money market accounts are excellent for emergency funds since account values typically remain stable or slightly increase in value. So clearly if you're using it for something that you want to be able to have access to readily but hopefully get a bigger return on it, then you might have on say just your checking account clearly or a savings account that could be a way to go. Furthermore, money is available when needed and limited transactions discourage removing funds. Short-term bonds typically yield higher interest rates than money market funds. So the potential to earn more income over time is greater. So when we're thinking about the short-term needs, how liquid is the fund versus trying to basically hedge the portfolio possibly with bonds and cash-related funds to hedge out against say equities possibly. Those are two different needs that we want to be considering. Overall short-term bonds appear to be a better investment than money market funds. Thank you.


Hello and welcome to the video lecture on RS232 standard. Learning outcome of this session. By the end of this session, student will be able to illustrate RS232 standard, null modem pin configuration and the use of biasconf function to make the port setting using control word to send the data and check the status of the port. You may pause here the video and write down what are the types of serial communication. Some of the types of serial communication are the well-known type is USB, then I2C and SPI. These are the some of the serial communication types. The RS232 standard is a asynchronous serial communication method developed by Electronic Industry Association. RS232 standard uses clock on both the sides that is on receiver as well as on the transmitter side along with start and stop bit. Additionally, you can use a parity bit with the start and stop bit for the error corrections. The RS232 standard works at physical layer of the ISO OSI communication standard. This layer is the lowest layer and the one that physically connects the devices to each other. The RS232 communication is done through the serial port of the computer. The RS232 connector comes with 25 pins as well as with 9 pins. 25 pin connector is old and while 9 pin connector is a new layer available. In both the cases with 25 pin connector as well 9 pin connectors only 9 pin at most are used. The RS232 specify the communication system characteristics of the hardware such as voltage levels, terminating resistances, cable length and so on. The standard does not deal with the software protocol or data framing, data addressing and errors. This is a diagram of DB9 pin assignment. Here you can see the D-type connector with 9 pins and we will see the each pin and its designation. The pin number one is DCD, data carrier detector. The pin number two is received data. Pin number three is transmit data. Pin number four is data terminal ready. Pin number five is ground. Pin number six is data set ready. Pin number seven is request to send. Pin number six is clear to send and the last pin is ring indicator. Here the numbers in the parenthesis indicates the pin number of these pins for DB25 connector. We will see the each pin description in detail. The second pin is carrier detector that is pin number one. After a data terminal is detected, a signal is sent to the data set that is going to be transmitted to the signal. The second pin is received data. This line carries the serial data from the serial host. The another pin is transmit data. This line also carries the data. Data terminal ready that is DTR. The signal line is asserted to the signal that has been powered on and is ready to operate. Asserted means it is at high voltages. The next pin is ground pin. This line establishes a common reference point for all the interface voltages. The next pin is data set ready. This signal ensures that serial communication between the two data terminal is completed. The next pin is RTS. When this signal is asserted, indicates that the device is ready to accept the serial data and when it is unasserted, indicates that it is no longer ready to accept the serial data. The next pin is clear to send, CTS. When this pin is asserted, indicates that the serial host is ready to accept serial data and when it is unasserted, signal indicates that data transmission should be disabled. The last pin is ring indicator. When this ring indicator pin is asserted, indicates that you have a ringing signal being received on your communication channel. We will see Null Modem in detail. Null Modem is used to connect two DTE devices to each other. Null Modem is used to transfer file between computer using protocols like Zmodem protocol or Xmodem protocol. The DTR pin is looped back to DSR and carrier detect on both the computers. We can use DB9 connector as a Null Modem by looping back data set ready and carrier detector pins to each other. Another pin configuration to be made is the DTR pin when it is asserted is active then data set ready and carrier detector immediately become active. Hence the computer thinks the virtual modem to which it is connected is ready and has detected the carrier of the other modem and it is ready for receiving or transmitting the data. This is figure number 2. Here you can see the Null Modem wiring. Pin number 6, 1 and 4 on both the sides are looped back as I have said earlier. The pin number 7 and pin number 8 are shorted and pin number 5 of both the sides are connected to each other to give a common ground reference. Pin number 3 is connected to pin number 2 and pin number 2 on the other side is connected to pin number 3 simply the three lines transmit data receive data and ground pins of each other of the two sides are connected to each other. Pin number 7 and pin number 8 are CTS and RTS pins are shorted while DTA data terminal ready data set ready and carrier detector. Pin number 6, 1 and 4 are looped back on the both side. We will see how to use the BIOS COM function with RS232 standard. The BIOS COM function is used in a serial communication while using RS232 connectors. First of all before sending the data we have to configure the port with the setting depending on our needs and availability. Same function is used to configure the initial setting using control word and the same BIOS COM function is used to send the data to the port as well as to check the status of the port. These actions, these actions means setting a control word, sending the data and checking the status of the port are distinguished and defined using the first parameter of the function that well the value we are going to pass to the BIOS COM function while programming. Along with that we are sending data and the port to be used to communicate. Null modem is used to connect two DTs to each other. Null modem is not used to connect DC to the DT device. Here you can see the BIOS COM function is declared. It has three parts. First is command, second is A byte and the third is port. ID. We will see these three parts in detail. The first part is command. Here you can see the value you can pass from 0 to 3 to configure to send the data or to receive the data return the current status of the communication port these values and their action is mentioned over here. If you pass command 0 then you want to initialize the parameters of the port. If you pass value 1 you want to send the character to the port if you pass value 2 you can receive the data and if you value if you pass the value 3 you can get the current status of the communication port. The second part is port ID. The port to which the data is to be sent or from which it is to be read is mentioned by these values. If you want to use COM port 1 then you have to pass the value 0 if you want to use COM port 2 you have to pass the value 1 if you want to use COM port 3 then you have to pass the value 2. The third part of the BIOS COM function is Abyte when you select the command 2 or 3 means if you want to send the data or receive the data then Abyte value is ignored but when command 0 is used that is setting the port values Abyte is nothing but or combination of the following bits you have to use one Abyte value from each group we will see these bits in the next slide how these are the values of Abyte by orring these values we are going to take a single value from each section here we have four sections and we are going to or these four values for example if Abyte value is 8B these values are hexadecimal then we are going to use board rate of 1200 then we are going to use odd parity one stop bit and 8 data bits now to initialize the port with above setting as I have said earlier we have to write BIOS COM 0 then 8B and 0 this is this BIOS COM command this is the declaration syntax of your BIOS COM function this 0 value indicates that you are going to configure your port with board rate of 1200 8 data bits odd parity and 1 stop and start bit to send the data to the COM port 1 the format of the function will be BIOS COM 1, data, 0 here as you are using the command 1 that's why the Abyte value next to the command is ignored similarly if you want to receive the value then you have to write BIOS COM 2, 0, 0 this will read the data byte from the port and these values you have to pass to the BIOS COM function while programming these are the references thank you


Hello everyone, happy Friday, happy holidays, it's Chris from jasperscasebreaks.com doing our very first break of the day. New release, very exciting stuff, 2022 Panini Eminence Feeful Road Cup Guitar Soccer, case break number one. Number two is already on the site and that's sold out as well so we'll have a little back to back of Eminence to start off our day but right now this is random hit number one. So the way it is, one box, 10 hits, every spot is a hit. So we have our fresh dice, our list of names here from Robert, Robert, Robert, Jameson, Jameson, Jameson, Matt S, BF, Matt S and David Badarino. Those 10 names will all get randomized as spot. They'll go in this second one when we finish the break. So I'll show the cards, we'll do the break, then do the randomizing and we'll list our spots. We'll randomize 10 names here, randomize 10 names here, you get matched up, that's the card you are going to get. So let's do it. Here is our Eminence World Cup Soccer, very exciting stuff, let's get to it. Thanks again everyone for getting this number one and number two sold out. Good luck all, some very, very nice stuff in coming, big case because it is a big box, big old boy from the top, you can see, Eminence Soccer. There's a bit of a heads up, I know some people like me don't like the sound of styrofoam, it's too well as a styrofoam I believe, with each card and it's a little slot. So doobie warrant gives me the heebie jeebies on occasion. We've got two sold out as well, so this is one, we're going to do two right after this and for now no more I think, we go to lock, lock. You're going to see the stamp on the top there from that camera on the top right. Let's grab some spacers real quick so you might as well grab one by one. So we'll start here with the bottom right, which has this little diamond granuity, alright card one, good luck, Grand Signatures Federique Valverde from Uruguay, two out of ten auto, let's think these are. First card up, see if we can get JMO some more then, nice, one out of five double diamond Signature Salutes Neymar Junior Auto, what a beauty right here, let's grab this next one. I think everyone's going to go home with something nice here, which is the great thing about this break. Next up, Ciro Immobile, seven out of ten from Italy, two cards at top now, no peeking, let's grab this one back left, Masters of the Pitch, Zebi Alonso with the diamond and auto, one out of five, some beautiful cards here, Eminence World Cup Soccer, only every four years, let's grab the last card from the top and then we'll have five more right underneath it. We have a patch and auto, says Fabrice, eight out of ten patch and auto, old school there for Spain. Alright, so that's our top row done, but we got a little bit more underneath, five more from right again, card six, two out of ten, Adrian Rebeo, auto, Gilded Graphs, two out of ten from your runner ups for the World Cup and what a final it was, Argentina and France. Next up, nice, Luca Modric, five out of ten grand signatures, very nice, this is card eight, Mason Mount, three out of five, nice low number there, three out of five for England, nice youngster, then the two cards up top, some fine, fine, silver living legends, four out of five of Sergio Ramos, heavy here on this one, Sergio Ramos, four of five silver bar and the last card from this box before we do our randomizing, so good luck everyone and thanks again for getting this one filled out. Another patch auto, Davidson Sanchez from Columbia, two out of ten, two color patch, very nice, alright, let's get this one out of the way, we'll show off the hits one more time before I do my randomizing, so Federico Valverde, two out of ten auto, Neymar Jr., double diamond and auto, one out of five, Ciri Imobal, Italy, seven out of ten auto, the Sabialonzo matches of the pitch, diamond and auto, out of five and the two color patch and auto, Cesc Fibrasque from Spain, eight out of ten, that's our first round, Adrian Ravio, two out of ten auto for France, Luca Modric, five out of ten, oh, I'll do a double check here just in case, Luca Modric five out of ten, Mason Mount three out of five on the auto, our silver living legends of Sergio Ramos, four out of five and another dual color patch, two color patch and auto, Davidson Zangus, two out of ten, won't think so, I'll do a check, gonna make some space here, it's just a heck of a product man, it's a beauty, it really is, even the box designed to look like an actual pitch, oh there is, wow, heads up play there, there is an 11th card, so last card, a sneaky 11th, appreciate the heads up my guy, here we go, good luck, three out of ten, silver and auto, wow, David Beckham with the 11th card, bend it like with the fine silver and the ink right below it, etched in history, all right, let me get this all situated again, and oh man, and let me text Nick about that 11th head, I would assume we're just randomizing it like the others and it's up for grabs, but let me double check, that's funny, he's like hey, text me if you need anything, literally isn't texting you, maybe, that's funny though, just like out of nowhere, let's get these cards back in the order, there it is, combined with a lower valued one, that'd be very funny, so brother, how you doing, not too bad, a little eminence to start the day, and a secret 11th card, David Beckham, silver and auto, so Nick's going to look at the video right now, I'll go through the recap one more time, so Federico Valverde, two out of ten, auto, yes, the Nate Marr Jr., one out of five, double diamond and auto, Ciro Emovil, seven out of eleven for Italy, auto, Masters of the Pitch, Zebi Alonso, out of five, diamond and auto, two-color patch and auto, Cesc Friebeleguette, my brain will not let me say this, eight out of ten, Adrienne Griglio, two out of ten, auto, the Luka Modric, five out of ten, auto, Mason Mount, three out of five, the Living Legends, silver, fine piece of silver, four out of six, excuse me, of the Sergio Ramos, other two-color patch, Davidson Sanchez, two out of ten, and that 11th, thank you and Robert for pointing that out, fine silver and auto, three out of ten, David Beckham, I'm just going to start writing this down, so he'll give me a heads up, ten, excuse me, let's go back here, you can see me do it, double diamond, Zebi Alonso, alright, so we're going to do it like this, Nick says to do the Emovil auto out of ten and the Sergio Ramos, that's silver out of six, this will be a combined spot, it's a ball over, so I'll add this as one, so auto plus the Sergio silver, silver is out of six, the auto is out of ten, so that's a combined hit and then that David Beckham will slide in as our ten, whoo, let's start, Alonso, auto, yes sir, it was a fun first box, we got one more right after, this is out of five, that's for a one, Odrich Vincent Sanchez, patch out of ten, and the David Beckham, silver and auto out of ten, alright, so here are our ten hits, one more time, Valverde auto out of ten, Neymar double diamond, auto out of five, Ciro Emovil will be combined with the Sergio Ramos silver, it'll be combined hit since we got eleven hits, it's three, Zebi Alonso diamond plus auto out of five is four, Cesc auto out of ten, Patchen auto out of ten is five, the Rebio auto out of ten is six, Luka Modrich auto out of ten is seven, Mason Mount auto out of five is eight, Davidson Sanchez patch auto out of ten is nine, and that last one is the David Beckham silver and auto out of ten, so with our ten names here, let's roll this dice and randomize for both, thanks again everyone, good luck, heat only for everyone, one to four, courtesy of Chris Kringle here at Jaspy's casebrace.com, let's do it four times, good luck, one, two, three, and last one four, so Jameson down to Jameson, grand opening, grand closing, and four times here for the hits, good luck, one, two, three, and last one four, there it is, let's get this all formatted, let's look alive, and we'll match it up, so Jameson, we'll get the Rebio auto out of ten, Robert will get the dual spot, the dual hit, the Ami Biel auto and the Sergio Ramos silver out of six, we'll also get that Luca Mojito out of ten, it's a nice one, BF we'll get that Neymar double diamond and auto out of five, Matt S gets the Davidson Sanchez patch and auto out of ten, David Vaterino that last spot Mojito gets the Mason Mount auto out of five, Jameson gets the Cesc patch auto out of ten, Matt Smith gets the Zaby Alonzo diamond and auto out of five, Robert will get that secret, pointed out the 11th hit was going to be in there, ends up with it, the David Beckham silver and auto out of ten, and that last typical to Jameson, Federico Valverde auto out of ten, all right, nice, what a first break of the day, we will come back next video, going to be the second case of Panini Eminence FIFA World Cup Soccer, random hit number two, thanks again, jasmuscasebreaks.com, happy holidays!


In addition to Registering and being able to watch this online if you if even people here if you register if you go to academy.mesis.org And register for this seminar how an economy grows then you'll be able to get The slides that are for that are being used and recordings of this So in addition you'll have a link to this comic And this is the comic book that we're actually going to use in this presentation It's called how an economy grows and why it doesn't it's by Irwin Schiff and there's a free PDF online That you'll have access to when you go to the academy page Now it starts off in this island and there's three people Abel Baker and Charlie and they all fish They fish by hand, which as you can imagine is pretty difficult They don't have any tools to help them in their fishing So this is a form of production now. You might think wait a minute that producing the fish fish are already there Well, you need to produce fish on the plate fish in the sea isn't going to do you any good So what they need to do is produce the product Which is again fish on the plate and the fish on the plate is a consumers good So it's something that they're literally consuming or enjoying for its own sake. They're not using the fish to produce anything else It's a consumers good Now in order to get that consumers good they have to use factors of production resources that they use for that production and One of the factors that they use is their own bodies their own hands and eyes to go grab the fish Another factor is the fish that's out there in the sea Okay when it's part of nature Economists call that land even though it's a little weird to call fish land, but there you go So fishing labor plus fish in the sea equals fish on the plate, which is what they want That's why they need to engage in production Now let's think about their productivity. We see here But after much trouble they each managed to catch one fish per day now is that high productivity or low productivity? very low productivity and Because of that every day they're able to Baker and Charlie And able consume the fish each had caught Enabling them to survive to the next day to catch another fish. This is survival and that's about all So that means they're in a condition of extreme poverty. They're very poor They have little time for leisure because they have to spend all day fishing and they have little time to produce anything else that they might want There's more to life than just fish It also means that they're very vulnerable Okay, they're on the brink of starvation because what if they get sick or what if they break their hand? And they have a bad week bad day or even a bad week.  He's tired of being poor and So he thinks of a way to improve his living standards. He makes he wants to make a new factor He wants to make a net. He's hoping that'll improve his living standard Now the thing is that he has to gather the net materials. He has to build the net that takes a whole day That's a day that he can't be fishing If he doesn't fish he doesn't eat for that day. So he has to sacrifice He has to go hungry He has to delay consumption Now, why would he be willing to do that? Why would he be willing to go hungry? Well, what would make it worth it to make the net anybody? Yeah, yeah to get more food to be more productive. He wants to raise his productivity above one fish per day's work So he does he works he works he works and then finally at the end of the day. He's created the net Now, how do we classify the net? The net isn't land because it's not part of nature There aren't just nets that grow up out of the ground It's obviously not labor It's not a consumers good. He's not using it to as a back scratcher or something like that. So it's something else It's called capital good And now because it's not land. It's not found in nature. He has to produce it himself Because it's not a consumers good. It's not something that he wants to use for himself It's used to produce something else to produce the fish on the plate So it's a capital good is a produced factor of production Now he's also worried. He's got to go hungry, but it might not even work now That's risk and Peter Klein is going to be talking about risk and uncertainty later right now We're going to kind of ignore that aspect and we're mostly focusing on time as you'll see So he goes out with his new capital good and he uses it and He's able to catch two fish in a day. So success. He's had greater productivity Now just to make things a little cleaner. We're gonna we're gonna change the comic We're gonna say that he was able to catch three fish in that day. Okay, so now it's not two. It's three So let's compare the two production Processes because he made a choice. He could either keep fishing with his hands or he could go the net way Okay Now hand fishing There's an upside to hand fishing. It's short. It's a short process of production You get results pretty quick. It's just one day boom fish But the downside is that it's not productive one fish per day. That's not very productive Then there's building a net and then using the net to fish The downside of that is that it takes longer at first Because you've got to spend a whole day building the net and then you got to spend a whole day using the net and So you've got to wait two whole days before you get any results So it's a longer process of production, but the upside is that it's greater productivity It's three fish over two days. So that's one and a half fish per day instead of one fish per day and And after that then then it's two fish per day So it's much greater productivity even though at first it takes longer So basically he's choosing Whether to do one fish today close in time to him or three fish tomorrow Now one versus three you might think well, that's a no-brainer But it's not that simple because of the time element If it was one fish today versus three fish today, of course three is better than one But since it's three fish tomorrow, there is a sacrifice because you have to wait longer So it's not quite as sweet of a deal But it's sweet enough for Abel. He's willing to wait for the extra fish Especially because he'll get a net at the end of it.  He's Making a trade-off in his own mind. He's saying, okay, do I want if I give up one fish today? Then I'll get in return for that three fish tomorrow. So he has to think is that a good exchange And for him, it's a good exchange But it's not good for everybody as you'll see if you read the comic later on in the comic Baker and Charlie They refuse to do the same thing. They don't want to make a net even though they see how effective it was for Abel Because it's not a good enough deal for them one fish today versus three fish tomorrow Yeah, three is is is nice that it's more in quantity But it's further away in time and they're just not willing to wait They want to eat today even if it just means one fish today They want to meet today that means they have a higher what's called Time preference than Abel Time preference is what Austrian economists refer to as the importance of now the importance of soon Okay, so for them sooner is really important to them So even though one is less than three. It's sooner than three and so they prefer that over the three They prefer not to make the net Maybe the three isn't a sweet enough of a deal Maybe if the deal was sweetened and and and the net was more effective and they could get five if they waited Maybe that would sweeten the deal enough that they would be willing to sacrifice and make the net But three is not enough. They have a lower time. They have a higher time preference than able Abel has a lower time Preference, which means he will be willing to save more So you see now that he has more fish to consume and remember we're saying to two more fish to consume Because of his low time preference. He has generated savings. Okay, so savings is important because It allows him to make even more capital goods Because the next day he doesn't have to fish all day. Why doesn't he have to fish all day? Because he's already got fish from the day before So then he could spend the day doing something else like creating more capital goods So for example, maybe he wants to make a rake and use that rake to farm and to grow carrots So he's used his savings to support capital goods and the capital goods Make him even more productive the net made him more productive the wreck the rake gives him more productivity further So he's got lots of carrots now also But then it doesn't just stop there Because the rake helps the productivity and the productivity helps savings too Because now that he has all these carrots and all these fish. He has more stuff to save So we're not talking about just a line of Savings and then capital goods and then productivity. We're talking about a cycle Because productivity in turn Supports more savings which supports capital goods which put products productivity and it goes around and around and around And what we might call a cycle of growth this is a virtuous cycle of growth and With every lap around that cycle. He's getting richer and richer He you can you can imagine every time he goes around that cycle just more tools are piling up that he can use and His living standard improves with every lap around the cycle too Because now the more he has the less vulnerable he is now. He's really far away from starvation He's far away from the brink the edge of starvation Because now even if he has a bad day or a bad week. He ain't starving. He's fine. Okay And because he is so productive. He's so productive and he has so much stuff He can actually consume more than he used to at the same time as he saves more than he used to Saving doesn't have to necessarily mean going hungry all the time if you're more productive It just means saving some of the stuff that you could consume Now this is how living standards rise in a market economy as well in a very complex market economy like the one we live in But we'll learn more about that from Mark later right now. We're gonna stick to the island Now people in the community they Start having his own their own ideas about what he should do with his savings. So one guy says how about charity? divvy up man and Let's think about that phrase divvy up Okay That actually represents something that's kind of a big word. It's called egalitarianism now egalitarianism basically means equalizing things Okay, so what he's saying is that? that able now is wealthier and The guy is less wealthy So he wants able to give him some of the wealth that makes able poorer and that makes him richer So they get closer to being equal, right? Now a lot of times that's stimulated by envy you just see someone who has more than you You want their stuff? But it often results in something called primitivism so some tribes Stay really poor because of egalitarianism in some tribes throughout history What will happen is that if any member of the tribe starts to save more than usual Then other members of the tribe they start applying social pressure They start saying hey, man divvy divvy it up or like Obama says spread the wealth, right? and Now let's think about what kind of an effect that has on the cycle of growth if every time you save more You have to give up that savings to spread the wealth Is that going to encourage you to save more or discourage you to save? Discourage you exactly it's gonna discourage saving and remember that this whole cycle of growth depends on saving so If you take if you knock out saving then you knock out the whole thing you break the cycle of growth in Fact not only that it becomes a cycle not of growth, but of shrinking it it actually leads to becoming poorer Because what happens is that? Decreasing savings can lead to capital consumption Consuming capital doesn't mean we said that the net was capital so does consuming capital mean he starts eating the net No, what it means is that the net eventually wears out It needs to be repaired Repairing capital goods requires resources if you don't save enough You can't support repairing the capital goods They start breaking down the net eventually just tears and fish just start swimming through it and then It's not even a capital good anymore It's useless and then you're back to the productivity that you started with and so you end up You're back to where you started you're poor again Okay So that limits productivity Now there's another character here There's a guy with a club who's waving it at Abel and he says well how about this and basically he wants to steal Abel savings from him Now that also happens a lot in history for example, there are these This type of people called brigands and it's just like a band of ruffians that goes around and looks for Rich communities wealthy communities and they just come in and invade and they they take all their stuff now if that happens all the time if every time you save up and you become a rich community and And then you get raided by barbarians each time Is that gonna encourage savings or discourage savings? Again, it's gonna discourage savings. It's gonna have the same effect It's gonna turn the cycle of growth into a cycle of poverty Sometimes the brigands they don't just come in and then leave they come in and then they settle down and they they call themselves the nobility and The top brigand calls himself the king and they still plunder But they they just call the plunder taxation They call it by another name even though it's the same thing They also do something called prescription. So what can happen is that if any individual in the community Starts to get really wealthy starts to accumulate a lot of wealth Then the king will find some excuse to throw him in prison or or kill him and take his wealth And so that's why in history There are a lot of stories of buried treasure like in the Arabian thousand and one nights and Basically what they're doing is basically trying to hide the treasure from the king so that you don't get proscribed Now buried treasure is not invested treasure. If you bury your treasure It's not going towards the production of capital goods. So again that Creates poverty, but it's not just kings who plunder democracies plunder too Democracies sometimes their favorite kind of plunder is called progressive taxation it now with progressive taxation if you save a lot and become more productive then you get taxed even more than everybody else so that is Another form of egalitarianism actually because basically they're trying to tax the rich to bring them closer to the poor to make them more equal But it's also plunder because it's taking it by force Now what about greed This little bird who apparently comes into the story. I don't know why he says won't it be bad if able turns into Be a greedy guy wanting more and more wealth and the owl says bad for who? The only way Abel's wealth can increase is if he makes his wealth available to other members of the community and when you think about it that makes sense Because there are only so many fish that Abel can eat. There are only so many uses he has for his own nets Similarly think about modern times Steve Jobs and iPhones There's Steve Jobs when he was alive. He had a lot of iPhones But there's only so many iPhones that he himself can can really benefit from using them himself He doesn't love Angry Birds that much And it's not like he like bathes and iPhones or something like that. So the only way that he can benefit from them is by exchanging them with other people sort of like here in the comic how Abel is renting his nets his extra nets and he's loaning out fish and Both of those practices are exchanges Big savers can only benefit from their savings if they use them for exchanges with other people and the thing about exchanges is That they're win-win some people like to think of them as win-lose like there's only one winner in an exchange And one then there's one loser But by definition their win-win both win Because if you give up something in order to get something by definition You value the thing that you get more than the thing that you give up And that's true for the other party too. So all exchanges are win-win So the more exchanges that Abel's savings enable him to do The more people he benefits think about Steve Jobs He and Apple saved a lot of money. They created a lot of iPhones and made millions of Exchanges win-win exchanges he benefited millions of people throughout the world So there but that's one kind of exchange that can happen because of savings is production and sale but also lending at interest is another kind of exchange or You could use your savings to pay wages. That's another kind of an exchange and through all these Exchanges what happens is that non-savers they get access to capital goods That would have been Completely out of reach if it hadn't been for the saver So his savings benefits everyone his capital benefits the whole community not just himself that cycle of growth that we saw That lifts everybody up capital lifts the whole community up So if Abel's able to get rich by making many exchanges he's made he's benefited many people But then again when egalitarianism spreading the wealth around and plunder Break that cycle of growth. So now it's not just hurting Abel it's not just hurting the saver. It hurts everyone everyone that might have made an exchange with him if he had been allowed to save So there's nothing fishy about growth. There's nothing fishy about savings nothing fishy about Accumulating capital. There's nothing fishy about being productive There is something very fishy about egalitarianism and plunder. Thank you


Kevin, coming off of yesterday, just how was today's practice and how good was it just to kind of get another day with the group? It was great to get another day with the group, get them up and down a little bit, kind of go over the different things that we went over yesterday, put in a couple wrinkles and just go out there and play for one another. So it was really good to get back in here and have some sweat equity with the guys. They learning me, they learning, I'm learning them, especially in this new role. So we just going to go out there and do it together and I thought it was a good day today. How did everyone come out of the break and was everyone able to be full participants? Yes, everybody was able to be full participants throughout the practice, so that's a good thing. They enjoyed, they break hopefully to get away and enjoy family and friends and get back to the main thing, the main thing. And it's the business of basketball and how we do on the basketball court and how we do off the basketball court. Taking care of ourselves, recovery, all that stuff goes into the bigger picture of things and that's how you become a professional, that's how you have a professional career, taking care of your business on and then taking care of your business of course on the court too. Of some of those wrinkles, where might we see this team look a little bit, once you get your vision in place, a little bit different than what we saw under JV? Offense, bigger change, defense is the bigger change? We got a couple things in defense that we're changing on our pick and rolls and a couple of things on the offensive, things that we're doing to add a little bit more spacing. But the biggest thing is playing for each other and making the right plays, not being selfish, getting the ball to the guys that they need. We need to get the ball to in the right spots where they can be very successful but playing the right way and we need to do that more consistently. So that's not a scheme change or anything. That's just playing better basketball, doing simple better and I like to use that term. You do simple better and we got to continue to do that. How does the relationship with the guys change moving over, as you said, 18 inches on the bench yesterday? It don't change. Of course my voice is prominent a little bit more. But at the end of the day I have some great relationships with these guys and I don't want that to change because I'm a head coach now. I want those to even get deeper where we can have vulnerable conversations. I can get them to know them a little bit better. That's my goal is to build on these relationships. My plate is a little bit fuller where I have to do a little bit more things but I have to be intentional and very deliberate at my time building relationships with these guys and not get caught up in all the everyday things and people tugging at me but that's the most important thing is building relationships. So I got to make sure I check myself each and every day about that and spending time with the guys on and off the basketball court because I played this game for 13 years and I know basketball is one thing but you got life too. And I want to make sure they know I'm there for them on both ends of the spectrum. When you talk about being unselfish obviously this team very unselfish from Ben's on the court without Ben the ball isn't finding as many guys. How do you kind of change that or marry that I guess to make sure that unselfishness carries over when you have a player who's very unselfish but when he's off the court that tends to be a little bit difficult with this offense. Yeah we got to keep standing on our standards. That's our standards is sharing the cake. Everybody got our piece of the cake and if you open you need to get the ball and that's my job as a coach as a manager of effort. My manager of effort and energy and my manager being a manager of playing the right way. If it's a violation and that type of violation and you playing selfish basketball I have to make sure they accountable. And then our team their teammates got to make sure they accountable. So that's the job of the coach that's the job of the coaching staff to make sure you know we're doing more possessions where we have a free flow plan unlock basketball then plan stuck basketball and we just locked. So I want to make sure it's unlocked basketball and plan with freedom moving the basketball and moving yourself and getting to the open spaces and that's playing with pace as well. But we have to do that for us to win.  We got to do it together. We got to cut more. We got to pass more. We got to play off each other more and we got to make the right plays. And when you do things simple it usually work. You get too complicated. That's when it that's when it starts getting muddy a little bit when you're trying to do it on your own. We have to use all of our resources and all of our players all of their minds because all of all of us we got great basketball minds we got to use them together for this ship to roll in the right direction that we want to go into. It seems like fully healthy for the first time this season. Just is it going to be difficult for you to flush out a rotation given there's so many guys here that have been contributors you know with all the various injuries. Yeah. I don't like to use the word difficult. I like to use the word challenging because in challenge I feel like it's a championship opportunity. It's a championship opportunity. We want to be fully healthy. We want to have that if you say problem to have and that's my job to figure it out. That's our job and the whole organization to figure it out and we're going to play the guys that go out there and play winning basketball and play hard and play unselfishly and stands for our standards which is hunting. It's playing together. It's playing connected playing the right brand of basketball. So I look at that as a challenge and that's a championship opportunity in that and it's going to be changes but we have to learn how to sacrifice because that builds when it happens. If we sacrifice and builds winning habits and that goes into us all winning you know on the court and off the court what we're trying to do in life. Kevin you mentioned just about building the relationships with the players when it comes to just your coaching staff and that bond and that relationship that you guys have built in these last couple of months. How much are you leaning into the group that you have? Oh I'm leaning into them a lot. We got a bunch of smart guys and if you're in this business a lot is two type of coaches one that's a coach that's humbled and one is about to get humbled. It's a lot of ups and downs in this game so I've learned that. Been on the mountain tops and been fired so you know I understand that and I have to lean in those guys. They're a smart group. We got some smart great coaching staff that got some masterpieces inside so I lean on them a lot. You know on me we've been doing that the whole season and we're going to continue that but I think that's a great thing when you can lean on smart individuals to be talented and then empower them to be great. There's a story a couple days ago about the NBA head coaches that can still dunk a basketball you know Mathew Williams, Willie Green. Can we add you to the list? No you can't add me to the list. Yeah I used to throw the lives I throw it to AI when he was when he wanted to score so no I wasn't the big dunker guy but I'll get you a sis here and there. You mentioned yesterday just about the experience you've had from playing to coaching. Cam Thomas just talked about how he's looking forward to playing for you and even brought it back to the UConn days and the UConn teams and how he liked watching those games with those groups. How has your experience coaching wise especially in the college helped you in this NBA coaching world? It's chaotic. I think that's the biggest thing you know what's coming at you and you have to understand it's about being in the unknown and living in it and learning from it. Like I say it goes back to building relationships in college. You was able to build a relationship. Now you don't have the opportunity to build relationships a lot with the NIL but here you know back then you have to build a relationship over two years and then you finally get the guy so that was a beautiful thing building a relationship and seeing them having them as young men and then seeing them ten years later and they got families they got their husband now and just seeing how they matured over the years so that's always been good and you know this time is precious. You don't get time back and I just thank God for all the opportunities I've been through. UConn and the ups and downs with that I've always learned and I'm going to take those experiences from that as lessons and not losses and the wins I'm going to continue to praise them and have them be a part of my life that I can look back on and say I won a national championship so those are great experiences as well so I don't discount those because it's very hard to win in this league it's very hard to win in this league and then when you have success you've got to understand that success is not all about you so I've learned to handle that very very well. With Ben being back him and Nick were starting alongside one another in the last few games that he was in just what do you make of that pairing and is that a pairing that you envision playing significant minutes together moving forward? Yeah we just got to be healthy in playing those minutes I think those two guys are valuable parts to our team so hopefully we can have them healthy and hopefully they can continue to grow and play with one another and be successful out there as a basketball team but also on the defensive end I think they are incredible and we want him to continue to get back to that point where he's on the all defensive team. You talked about spacing some of your concentration on the offense is making sure the spacing is good with that particular tandem though Ben and Nick how much of a focus is spacing because neither of these guys are known particularly shooters? Yeah you're exactly right so you have to be able to space you have to be able to cut you have to play together and get out and rebound and get stopped so they can play with pace and play in a transition offense so all those things count but when it gets bogged down in a half course situation we haven't had that situation where one's up and one's down and how they play off of each other is crucial so that's why it's so good for practice time we don't have a lot of practice time but anytime we have a shooter around we're always going to be talking about that when they're with their individual coaches talking about how those two can play better together you talked about getting Ben back to where he was defensively as a player do you think that's better suited in the drop or is that better suited switching the way you guys have been switching? It goes, it varies I think Ben is a great on the ball defender and I think us ball pressure and more getting in gaps more and being assertive having him use his arms I call them eagle arms and Stills is a big part of our basketball team and we want to get better at that so I think his ball pressure picking the ball up, being in a frame which I call it will allow him to do a lot of things that he can get back to and we see the progress it's not like he's reinventing something we just want him to continue to get better each and every day and empty his tank like we want all our players to do


What's going on guys it's your boy DPJ here today with another Destiny video and in today's Destiny video we're gonna check out what variks the loyal the prison of ours vendor on the reef has to offer in terms of loot rewards but before we get into the video if you guys couldn't leave a like I would appreciate the support now he does offer an armor for each of the Hunter Warlock and Titan at the end of the video I'm gonna show you guys the Warlock and Hunter gear that he has to offer in terms of the armor the class items and what the shaders look like so stay tuned for the end of the video if you are a warlock or a hunter and you want to see them now what he has to offer for the Titan is what we're seeing in this video and the first thing he's got is called the Cal Slayer's Grips now I do believe he does refresh this armor once a week now for the Titan it's called the Cal Slayer's Grips and it costs one armor core which I do believe you get from a chest at the end of the prison of ours let's just take a closer look at this armor we can see it does look not that great it's a bit bulky to be honest the first one is called special weapon loader increases reload speed of all special weapons next one is called the paramuscle armature increases gunay throw distance and the last one is called aether claw chance to generate orbs when killing fallen with a melee attack actually not too bad of months to be honest the weapon he has to offer is called the Wolf Slayer's Cloak which I'm sure you have seen to purchase this from Valix you need a weapon core which I also believe drops in a prison of ours I mean just look at that it's such a fallen weapon look it looks so so good okay we've got three sites and this is what fast draw IS we got red dot OES and we have red dot O R E S we then have crab control kills this weapon grant a bonus damage for a short time we then have fled magwell we have field scare and we have perfect balance last mod we have is called shank burn this weapon deals moderate bonus damage to fallen shanks by the looks of it as well you will not be able to reforge this weapon but who cares just look it's one for the it's just one for the collection it really is it's got a not too bad fire rate shoots pretty quick it's got a high impact okay range okay stability and a great reload 22 bullets in this magazine also okay the next thing we're gonna take a look at is the judgements chance which is a package and it states obtain for a chance to acquire prison of ours rewards what comes from this package we just do not know but it acquires one armor core and one weapon core I suppose if you've already brought the armor and the weapon for the week and you have a spare weapon and armor core you may as well purchase this and see what you get you could get something really really rare some legendary something exotic maybe who knows okay we're going to move on to the class items and the first one we have is mark of the kings which requires you to be a house of judgment rank one and you need a token of judgment how you acquire them I have no idea this besides moment in time but taking a look at it does actually look pretty badass I like the chains looking quite sick to be honest not sure about the color though next up we have is mark of the devils this again acquires one token of judgment and you need to be a house of judgment rank one this in my opinion looks a lot better loving that red looks sexy with some of my new monarchy shades it really would next up we have mark of the wolves this again acquires one token of judgment and you need to be a house of judgment rank one all looks pretty sexy in blue also got a few shaders that would match that we then have four ships the first one being called devils due bkr bkr stands for blockade runner next up we have king slayer bkr nice yellow looking ship you will be sure to stand out and orbit with that ship next up we have cold snap bkr which is a blue and white ship actually that's probably my favorite one out of the three so far really do like the look at that and the last one we have is called a wolf hunter bkr which I don't really like these dual ships I like these ones that stand out which are super bright now all of these ships acquire one token of judgment and you need to be a house of judgment rank two now moving on to the shaders and the first one we have is called kings wind which you need one token of judgment and you need to be a house of judgment rank three let's just take a look at this don't like that whatsoever I mean it looks like I've just puked all over myself and rubbed it in not not keen on that whatsoever next up we have devil swept which again it's okay it's a bit dull for me I mean I like and bright I like the like if it's going to be ready needs to be kind of war ready you don't want to be that dull red next up we have wolf curse which again is looking pretty dull I mean it probably looked better on a warlock or a hunter but on the titan it's not looking that great I don't think any of these shaders that great to be honest next up we have his judgment cast which again doesn't look too dissimilar to the last shader so not that great to be honest and the last one we have is called trial of ordeal trial of ordeal just makes you look like a giant leaf nothing great whatsoever in terms of the shaders but like I said they probably look better on a warlock or hunter which you guys will see what valyks the loyal has to offer in terms of class items armors and shaders for them to follow so enjoy that but guys that is it that is what valyks the loyal has to offer on the reef in terms of loot for you to obtain hope you guys enjoyed the video do drop a like I do appreciate the support and peace out till next time peace


Hello, my name is Victoria Riles and I'm the Animal Services Superintendent for the City of Columbia. I want to thank you for tuning in today as we highlight some of our programs here at Columbia Animal Services and introduce a few of our life-saving team members. We hope you enjoy this short segment and find out how you too can be a part of life-saving. We've always had a low-profile volunteer program for many years but in the last 12 months it's grown exponentially so we're super excited to streamline our volunteer onboarding process. So now volunteers can go online they can apply for our volunteer program and then once we receive their application we'll get them approved then they'll complete a volunteer orientation. We'll give them a tour and then we can get them matched up with a volunteer here that's a little bit more experienced and kind of show them the ropes as well. So we have multiple different opportunities so we try to gear it towards every age group and what each individual would be comfortable with. So we do have where you can work with dogs, you can work with cats, you can also do take-home tasks as well so if you don't necessarily want to be in the shelter environment you can still help the shelter by taking home syringes as well as snuffle mats. You can also work with our vet back in the clinic if you'd like to work more on the medical side of things. We also offer slumber buddies and doggy day out. So those programs would essentially be a field trip or a sleepover so that way we can gain more information on that animal to find them a better match. Any volunteer program needs to have a very good enrichment program regularly because we don't know how long these animals are going to be here for. They may be here for days or even months so of course we want to make sure that their lives are enriched. They're engaged mentally and physically so we depend heavily on volunteers to come in and to take our dogs out for walks. They can also play with them. They can enrichment treats and toys. I started off as a volunteer and I did it for many years and I just I fell in love with having a goal. I would get to wake up in the morning and I knew I was going to make a difference in those animals' lives. Be able to enrich them and get them matched up with a better home and lucky me it led to a career in animal services and it's something I've just always enjoyed doing. So they can contact us by phone or email. Any employee here would be able to answer their questions how to apply and where they would get started and then from there we would just direct them to the City of Columbia website where they would be able to fill out the application. Thank you again for tuning in and learning what we're doing over here at Columbia Animal Services. We'd love to have you be a part of any of our programs whether it be foster, volunteer, rescue or engagement on a daily basis. Please reach out to us via our social media platforms on Facebook, Columbia Animal Services and Instagram, Columbia Animal Services to find out what's going on and how you can be a part of the fun.