And for the reason that we're here, you know, Operation Market Garden, it's not just another normal jump. It's we're actually getting to relive, in a sense, what the people like before us came and did. And obviously not in the same circumstances at all, you know. But it's stuff like this that really makes it worth it and it's an honor to be part of all of it. Paratroopers, I don't care what nationality and alley are, we're just different because we continue to volunteer for the duty that we have. To become a band of brothers, to become hardened and forged together and, you know, like Howard Jumpy Johnson said, you know, you don't have to be nuts to be a paratrooper, but it helps. Well, none of these guys are nuts. They're not crazy. They're just a cut above the rest. They're airborne.


it's a bull and a bear market not really but really crazy and these wild swings and stocks really nuts take this past week please the Dow up nearly 750 points on Friday after falling 660 points on Thursday after starting the week out more than 200 points on Monday and all this after soaring the record 1,086 points the day after Christmas holy Christmas will this ever end let's just say the swing is the thing but man oh man enough is enough all right well it's time to calm down everyone in our market pros have just the ideas that they think will get you feeling up and did President Trump just pull a Clint Eastwood and dare Congress to make my day now contemplating building that wall with or without Congress


Hello everybody, this is Hari Swaminathan from optiontiger.com and welcome to this preview video of the SPX intraday trading using the SPX-6 ALGO and the custom RSI indicator and this is a new service called the webinar screen and you're also going to see the day trading signals which is also a proprietary algorithm that filters out the best stocks for day trading and this is going to be run as a webinar service with no audio. So it's just going to be a webinar screen and I'm going to explain how it's going to look and what the purpose of this service is. So first of all you might have heard about the SPX-6 ALGO and so this was an algorithm that people could purchase and then install it on their platform if they were running Thinkorswim. So Thinkorswim is not available in many countries and some people don't have Thinkorswim and so they had a problem trying to use these ALGOs and day trade the SPX. You may have seen some videos on how this SPX-6 and the custom RSI can produce some fantastic trades but because many people could not use the Thinkorswim platform for various reasons I'm starting this webinar screen service and so I'm going to explain how this looks like we are going to go into the platform and then I can tell you how this service is going to work. Before we go to the platform I want to show you this Bitly link where you can go to the course and sign up this is bitly slash spx-webinar-screen all in caps. So now let's go over to the trading platform and I'll tell you exactly how this service is going to work. So every day at 9 20 a.m. U.S. Eastern time the webinar screen will be on and once you subscribe to the service you can join this webinar screen and what you're going to see is two frames over here. The first one you'll either see the SPX or the slash ES to gauge the pre-market of course the ticks don't start until the markets open. So most of the time you might see SPX sometimes during the pre-markets I'll put the ES there but I may not be around and so this webinar has no audio. What you're going to see is these tick screens. So for example yesterday was a big day down in the markets and you can see there were one, two and then this trade was massive. This trade was massive and so this is by itself about a five to seven thousand dollar trade profit that is. So you're going to be able to see these screens you're going to be seeing a five minute chart and as it develops you'll be able to take trades. Now the rules and all the methodologies are inside the course curriculum. So please do take a look at it once you subscribe they're all inside the course curriculum you've probably seen it it's on my youtube channel as well but you'll see this and then on the right hand side you're going to see this day trades column. So you might have seen that I have a service I used to have a service on day trading with just for all the stocks. So you'll see the top 30 stocks here and then when the markets are open these signals are going to change from very bullish or very bearish and so depending on what the market sentiment is for the day you would want to take the appropriate trade on any of these stocks. So you're free to use any platform and I will be running this as a webinar screen service there is no audio because trades can come at any time so if I run a service it'll have to be an all-day service and that is just not practical and so the screen service is there for people who don't have access to think or swim you're either in a country where think or swim does not allow you to open an account or if you don't use think or swim platform at all and you still wanted to take advantage of the SPX sticks. So let me just show you on the course curriculum what it looks like this is what it is and you can put in the bit.ly link and once you put in the bit.ly link it'll come to the screen right here so you can subscribe to the service for 149 a month you'll be able to see all of this and then you know it tells you exactly how the service is going to work and it'll start at 9 20 a.m u.s eastern time and will run until 4 p.m u.s eastern time. So you can take your trades based upon the signals all the rules and the methodologies are inside the course curriculum but if you have any questions you can email me at info at optiontiger.com thank you


Now of course we have some herbs that also help with the skin and of course first up we have Burdock root It's a hepatic and arenal tonic but it has a particular affinity for the skin and it's excellent in the treatment of eczema and Psoriasis. You have to be a little bit careful with Burdock It's quite a strong herb. If you have a skin complaint if you do have any eczema you can use Burdock But you may expect within the first three or four weeks of treatment that there might be what we call an Aggravation in other words the skin condition might get worse So at that point instead of thinking oh my god a poison myself. I'm making it worse. Just think okay. No, that's the disease working its way out We try to work around that we try not to cause aggravations They're not pleasant and there are ways of doing that when we come to teaching you how to do specific how to treat specific illnesses We can go into that in more detail But it is a herb that we use it turned up in our detox tea for the liver flush One of the things about it that I really like is that a little bit of Burdock on a daily basis for a few weeks Will really recondition your skin quite nicely if I'm using Burdock in a formula and it may I may not even be Necessarily treating the skin. I might be treating other things you treat with blood With Burdock you can treat blood sugar because it's a good blood sugar balance. So you can treat the kidneys you can treat the liver So, you know as almost the side effect people are saying I've noticed my skin is wonderful And it's like, you know, many of the side effects of herbs are actually always positive rather than negative So Burdock roots a fantastic skin herb. It seems to be able to You know, it's against dry and itchy skin. For example, it reconditions the skin. It's it's a good addition Mountain great root is the next one. It's a member of the Berberus Family of plants we had Berberus vulgaris the Barbary bark, which I think we've seen in the context of the liver This one is a more general alternative Working particularly with the liver and the lymph and also has an affinity with the skin And I've quite often used that as a partner to Burdock in a skin clearing formula and We have marigold again. So this crops up all over the place It's such a great herb and it's very well tolerated. It's not a herb that's difficult to take It's not unpleasant to take. It's not too strong. It's it's just gentle And effective good topical treatment for damaged inflamed skin as well. You can make a cream out of Calendula or marigold flowers And that's a great emollient for the skin and mollient just means that it softens and soothes the skin


horse with the speed of light, a cloud of dust, and a hearty high old silver, the Lone Ranger. His faithful Indian companion, Tonto, the masked rider of the plains led the fight for law and order in the early western United States. The stories of his strength and courage, his daring and resourcefulness have come down to us through the generations. And nowhere in the pages of history can one find a greater champion of justice. Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear. From out of the past come the thundering hoofbeats of the great horse, Silver. The Lone Ranger rides again. Come on, Silver, the danger on the trail ahead. Oh, Silver! The man seated at the table was riding hurriedly on a small slip of paper. Or perhaps it was merely by comparison that the paper seemed small. Everything in the room was dwarfed by the enormous bulk of the bearded fat man. Even Cass Gentry's six feet of height and his weight seemed like a miniature figure as he nervously waited for the rider to finish. Only the fat man's hands were of normal size. And now they folded the slip of paper quickly and beckoned to Cass Gentry. This is it, huh? The directions are all written down? The fat man didn't speak. He merely nodded his head and answered to Cass Gentry's question. For a moment, Cass seemed to be puzzled. Then he remembered that the fat man never spoke. His orders were always written. They were always obeyed. Oh. Oh, I see. This note's for Lacey. Eh, he's waiting outside. I'll give it to him. Lacey. Come here. You know he never says anything. It's all written down right here. For you. Let me see it. Well, I guess this is that gun-hawk job I've been waiting for. When do you do it? In the morning. Out on the trail near Red Rock Basin. Well, do you know what he looks like? I mean, the Gentry's supposed to... The fat man's got a good description of the critic. He says he'd be riding a white stallion that he's told. Kind of lean-like and he'll be wearing a black mask. That's right. This is the beginning of the jab the fat man's been planning for a long time. He's had text working on it for over six months. He would better not miss. Listen. I've been pumping a winchester for 20 years. I never miss. Early the following morning, the Lone Ranger saddled his horse and prepared to leave the camp where he and Tonto and Dan had spent the last few days. I won't be going long, Dan.  Couldn't we go with you to see the sheriff? Then we can all go on together. Oh, Dan, the note that was given to Tonto yesterday. Sheriff Corbin wants me to meet him alone on the trail by Red Rock Basin. Why does he want to see you alone? I don't know. Red Rock isn't so far from here. I'll be back within an hour. There are two trails at Red Rock Basin. Which one Lohman say to meet him? He didn't say, Tonto. I'll take one trail going over and the other coming back. I can't very well miss him that way. Come on, Silver. A high-powered rifle is a deadly weapon, especially when it's in the hands of an expert marksman such as Lacey Coleman. He rested the long blue barrel high above the Red Rock Basin trail. He smiled grimly as he trained his gun sights on the figure of a horseman who was tall and lean and who wore a black mask. Then, with slow, steady pressure, he squeezed the trigger. Ain't got time to go down there and see. But I'll lay ten to one. That one landed right between the eyes. Something must be wrong, Tonto. He said he'd be back within an hour and that was three hours ago. It was almost dark. Well, maybe Lone Ranger talked to Lohman long time. He might, but we've got everything packed. Let's ride down toward Red Rock. We'll meet him on a trail. Him say we wait here. I know, but we'll save time by meeting him halfway. Come on. When Lone Ranger say wait, Tonto wait. All right then. I'll ride alone. Come here, Victor. That's not good, Dan. It's a bad country for you to ride alone. All right, Tonto go. Here's Count. Maybe this make Lone Ranger a bloody man. I know it won't. He'll be glad to see us. Come on, Victor. Get him up, Scout. It seems funny. We haven't seen any sign of him. Tonto, look. Ah, man lying on trail. Look, his shirt, his hat. Come on, Victor. Get him up, Scout. Hold him, Scout. Hold him. Tonto, it... Now we see. Very quick. He must have it. Head. Huh?  What can't be. I won't believe it. True. It's a Lone Ranger. We can't leave him here. No. It's over. I wonder where he is. He wouldn't run off like an ordinary half-trained horse. It's dark now. We put body on horse. Go back to camp. You help carry him? Of course I will. Spread blanket down. He carry body alone, Ranger. Can we do, Tonto? No, Tonto, not no. Me, not nobody come. I don't care. Tonto! Is it you? Is it really you? What's the matter, Dan? Faces as white as a ghost. One of us must be a ghost. What do you mean? I'm sorry. For the first time in my life, Tonto not believe eyes. I'm sorry I'm late getting back. The sheriff didn't meet me. I waited for him on the upper trail, but then I find... What's wrong? If you're really you, who's he? Who? Over there. Ah. That's a man dressed exactly like I am. What did you... We find him on trail. Dead. He looks like you and he... The most amazing thing I've ever seen. With this mask on, the man's a perfect double for me. Look. His hair grows exactly the same way as yours. And that line by his mouth... What a wound and a foreign. He died instantly. Where did you find him? Gallia. Dan, can't you talk? Gee, I... I guess I'm just too glad to talk. Where did you find this man, Tonto? On trail to Red Rock. We go there to meet you. His shirt, hat, guns, the mask, everything is an exact counterpart of mine. I didn't see it. I wouldn't think such a thing could be possible. And why this happened, Kimosabe? Why a man try to look like you? He's done more than try. It's a perfect job. So perfect that I think he's fooled a murderer. He must have stopped a bullet that was intended for me. Gee, that's right. No, me not savvy. Neither do I, Tonto. But I'm sure the note I received and the fact that this man was killed on a lower Red Rock trail is more than coincidence. Me get note from man in cafe. Him say it from lawman. A note must have been faked. That's easy enough to understand.  Sure. This fellow even fooled Tonto and me. Maybe his pockets would tip. There's a knife just like mine. Gee. Every other pocket is empty except a key with a metal tag on it. What's that for? A hotel key, Dan. The tag has a room number on it. Number 210, Cattleman's Hotel, San Springs, Texas. Oh, San Springs. Tonto, where me get notes. Yes, I know. Well, maybe when you tell a sheriff about this and about the hotel. No, Dan. I'm not going to see the sheriff right away. There's time enough for that later. How about this dead man? We'll bury him here. Pretend it's me. You? Tonto, you're familiar with the town of San Springs? Ah. Is there a back entrance to the Cattleman's Hotel? Ah. Good. And tonight, as soon as it gets dark, I'll go to room number 210 and wait. Wait for what? Whatever or whoever my double was going to wait for. I'll slip in the back door of the hotel here. It's easier this way. What's the room number? 210. Up one flight. Come on. Here it is. Let's go. Wait a minute. I'll take a squint through the keyhole. There's a lamplet in there. Is he there? Yeah. There's somebody in there. He's got his back to the door. Keep your gun handy. We'll play safe. I'm ready. Reach! I was wondering how long you were going to stand out there and talk before you came in.  Not very. I was smart. I wouldn't be standing here with my back to you and with my hands on it. All right. Put them down and turn around. We're just playing safe, that's all. Thanks. Tex? This is Lacey Coleman. Howdy. Well, he's wearing a mask and everything. Just like the Lone Ranger. Sure, what'd you expect? I never saw a better Gita. You've been practicing. Ain't you, Tex? Quite a bit. Now, you can take off that mask now. Make no sense in wearing it all the time. No, I think I'll keep it on so I'll get used to it. Well, yeah, maybe so. Come on, let's get going. Where? What do you think? Why did you come up here to San Springs? To meet you. Hmm. Tex, I've worked with you for a year in El Paso. Remember? I think I do. You think? Don't you know? Stop, Gavin. The fat man's waiting for us. Let's get out of here. Yeah. The fat man wants to see Tex. I'm sure of that. He can't be any more anxious than I am. Maybe. We'll go out the back way, Tex. You go first. Lacey and me will follow you. All right. Come on. Open the door. Yeah, I thought so. There's something wrong here. Keep your hands away from that hardware. And I'll split your spine with a hunk of lead. What's wrong, case? This critter reached for that doorknob with his right hand. And the Tex I know has been left-handed all his life. I use either hand. Yeah, maybe you do and maybe you don't. We'll let the fat man decide. Just don't try any tricks. And get moving. The curtain falls on the first part of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. Under the drawn guns of Cass Gentry and Lacey Coleman, the Lone Ranger was led through back streets in the town of Sand Springs. Finally, they arrived at the doorway of a little shack on the edge of town. Is this where the fat man lives? This is where we meet him. Go on, open the door, Lacey. Very cheerful place. What's the table for? That's where the fat man sits. You and Lacey stand right over there. Now tell him we're here. Box of seagulls on the table. Guess I'll try one. Watch it. Here comes the fat man. This is Tex. At least he says it's Tex. Personally, I get my doubts.  He never talks. Why? That's his business. Whatever he wants to say, you write on a piece of paper and I'll tell you about it. Well, I'm listening. He says you look like Tex. He wants to know why I'm suspicious. Are you? I told you. Because Tex is left-handed. And you... I said I used both hands. Look at this. Go on and light that cigar, Lacey. Well, sure. Well, I'll be... shot the seagull right out of my hands. He snuffed out the match with his other gun. I'm sorry about breaking that mirror over there. I didn't intend to do that. Well, that's all right, Tex. I'm convinced you're plum-handy with a shooting iron in either hand. Good. Maybe you'll tell me what this is all about. Oh, sure. Sure. And the fat man here's got a plan. That's why he wrote you the letter and told you to practice like the lone ranger. I see. Sheriff Corbin here in town knows a lone ranger. But I think your get-up will fool him. What am I supposed to do? Did you ever hear of a gent named John Blanding?  He's a millionaire. That's more important. Why? Because he's coming in town tonight. And you'll go right to Sheriff Corbin's office. Then what happens? You walk in, the sheriff introduces you, and you tell Blanding you want to sell that white horse of yours. Now, he's crazy about horses, so we want to see the critter. Then you bring him over here. Time to be the decoy for a kidnapping, is that it? Something like that. What do I get out of it?  How do you know I won't double-cross you? I figure you're too smart for that tax. But just in case you get any ideas, I'm coming with you. Then why do you need me? Because John Blanding's a skittish customer. He don't trust anybody but the sheriff. And the sheriff don't trust anybody but the lone ranger. All right, let's go. Just one more thing. What's that? Can you imitate that yell of the lone rangers? You might have to use it. Oh, you mean... Well, a dog gone. Sounds good enough to be the genuine. Yeah, I guess you'll fool them all right. I hope I can fool somebody. Good evening, sir. The lone ranger. I didn't know you were in this part of the country. I just rode in. Meet a couple of friends of mine. John Blanding and Mark Hamish. Excuse me. This gentleman who stands so close to me is named... Chantry. Well, I'm sure glad to see you. I was talking about a band of outlaws that are working around these parts. Outlaws? They've been Russell and Kettle, Robin Banks, and Ron Hogwild. I can't seem to find any trace of them. That's strange. The only report I can get is that the head of the gang, as the Jasper, weighs about 300 pounds.  That's nothing but gossip, sheriff, and you know it. As the mayor of Sand Springs, I think you ought to organize a posse and run those outlaws down. It's a disgrace. Well, I would if I could. Mark, you know that. So the head of this gang is the fat man. Don't forget why you're here, mister. Oh, yes. Sheriff, I want to sell Silver. Do you know anyone who might be interested in buying him? Sell Silver. Is that the white stallion I've heard so much about? That's right, Mr. Blanding. Why can I see the animal? Well, he's in the stable on the edge of town. Do you want to walk over there? Yes, I'd like to. I'm interested in horse flesh. Can I come along? Of course, Mr. Hamish. How about you, Sheriff?  Well, uh, no, no. I've got to stay here in the office. When we line up that posse, the mayor is talking about it. Now I'm going to keep on talking about it, Sheriff, until you arrest a few crooks. Shall we go? Lead the way. It's a funny place for a stable. Go on. Open the door. All right, Blanding, raise him. Grab him, raise him. What's the meaning of this? 50,000 in cash, and we know you got it in gold out at the range. This is an outrage.  So this was all a trick, huh? Sheriff Corbyn has almost told me how honest the Lone Ranger is. I'm sorry, Mr. Blanding, but I have a gun at my back. Yeah. And just for your information, he's not the Lone Ranger. Not the... I don't understand it.  You can understand that six-shooter Lacey's pointing at your head. All right. What do you want me to do? There's a pencil and paper over there on the table. Write a note to your wife. Tell her to come into town pronto and bring the 50,000 in gold. All right. Where's the fat man? He ain't here. Lacey and me do the work, and he does the thinking. I see. Here's the note. You won't hurt my wife? You won't hurt neither of you. If we get the money. Who's going to take the note out to his range? I'll take it. Oh, no, Tex. I'm not that dumb. You stay here. One of us has got to go. Well, I saw an Indian hanging around outside. Why not send him? Sure. That's it, Kers. Dumb red skin can't close any of it. You crooks will suffer for this. The sheriff will track you down. We'll be in Mexico with Blanding's gold before the sheriff knows what happens. I'm the mayor of San Springs. Listen. Unless you want to get hurt, you'd better go over there by the wall and sit down on the floor. But I... Move. For a drill. You can't... Sit down. Keep quiet. I can't sit down. There's glass all over the floor.   How did he know? What are you grabbing about? Oh, nothing, nothing at all. Well, how about getting that Indian to deliver the ransom note? Good idea. All right. Open the door and see if you can spot him anywhere. Leave the door open. Don't think you're going to vermouth. Oh, you've got the wrong idea, Gentry. I don't want to leave. I'm waiting to see the fat man. Is the Indian out there? Yes, he's standing right across the street. All right, walk over there and hand him the note. But remember, I'm watching you. I won't forget. Say, Kase, I've been wondering the same thing Tex was asking. Where is the fat man? Yeah, he'll be here later, don't worry. Yeah, but what have he done? The Indian will take the message. May I ask what we do now? Wait, Mr. Blanding. Wait for your wife and $50,000. She ain't here with the money inside of an hour.  You forgot one other thing, Gentry. What's that? We're also waiting for the fat man. The hour almost up. Yeah, we'll wait a few more nights. I know she'll come. You'll get your money. We'd better. Mr. Hamish, you look uncomfortable standing over there. Why don't you walk up here with the table? I'm all right. There's no telling what these outlaws are. That won't hurt you.  You walk very quietly, Mr. Hamish. How much do you weigh? About 115. Why? Oh, no reason. I just... That must be the woman with the money. Stay where you are. Open the door, L.A.C. Wait. There's still all of you. I've got the house around. Why, you... The mess man's got your clothes on. You asked for it.  I ain't arguing with the kind of shooting that mess down here. You saved all of the sheriff? An Indian and a young kid told me what was going on down here. Don't worry, Mr. Blanding. That note was never delivered. Oh, that's a relief. But I thought that you were... Those are the two outlaws. Hey, tell me, what happened? I think we've located the headquarters of the fat man, Sheriff. Fat man? I was here earlier in the evening. I saw him. He's the one who ordered me kill. Then you... You murdered my double, L.A.C., not me. I don't understand. I'll explain that part of it later, Sheriff. The important thing now is to arrest the fat man. He's the brains behind this gang. Well, sure, but there's no fat man here. I'm not so sure about that. Boy, I've heard he weighs almost 300 pounds. That's almost twice as big as any man in this room. Did Dono and Dan come over here with you? The Indian and the boy. Well, yes. I think they're waiting outside with some of my deputies. Hello, Dan. We're here. We got it. We had to break into his house, but we found it. Isn't this what you mean? Yes, Dan. I thought it would look something like that. What in the darn nation is that? Looks like a bloated suit of clothes. That's exactly what it is, Sheriff. A large coat and a pair of pants that are cleverly stuffed with cotton. Why? So that an ordinary-sized man could wear them and look like he weighed 300 pounds. A fat man. You mean there never was a real fat man? Just somebody wearing these clothes? That's right. Well, I'll be... He wore this overstuffed suit and a false beard. He never spoke, even to the men who worked for him. He knew his voice would give him away. Well, I'd sure like to find that quitter. You have found him, Sheriff. If we can just get Mr. Hamish, the mayor of Sand Springs to try these on... I never heard of anything so ridiculous. Sheriff, I'm going on home now. Just a minute, Mr. Hamish. I think you could have gotten away with this trick for a long time. If you hadn't been so anxious to come over here tonight. I won't listen to such stuff. But you're afraid that Gentry and Lacey might double-cross you. Run away with a blanding ransom money. Sheriff Corbin, I demand... You tripped yourself with a poor memory. I would never recognize you if you hadn't mentioned that the mirror over there had been broken by a bullet. No one knew that but the fat man. Well, I... And if a man who really weighed 300 pounds walked across a floor as squeaky as this one, it'd make a noise. The fat man didn't. Neither did you. Mr. Hamish, it's sure... No, you don't! I'm leaving here. Look out, Sheriff. I'll get him. I'm sorry. I hated to do it. But it was either me or him. You shot in self-defense, Sheriff. You'll take care of these two prisoners. I'll handle them. Good. Come on, Dan. Adios, Sheriff.  Well, at least we've got one thing to be thankful for. Two things, Mr. Blanding.  I've just heard as a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger Incorporated.


Welcome to Cookie Clicker Game using Code.org's App Lab. So today we're going to make a very, very simple version of a Cookie Clicker app using Code.org's App Lab. So I am assuming that you already have an account. If you don't, go to Code.org and create an account. It's free. This is an amazing resource for students learning a variety of computer science topics. What I really like about it is it's got a lot of great stuff, especially for younger programmers, younger users. I teach middle school. I teach high school. And this is a lesson for my grade six students. So let's take a look. So first, we're going to go to Create and we're going to see where it says App Lab. So I'm going to click that and it should come up with a blank project. So I'm going to go ahead and rename this because naming is important. And I'm going to call this Cookie Clicker. Cookie Clicker. And I know it's very original. So with the Cookie Clicker, with the App Lab, any app really, we're going to start with the design. Okay, so it's going to look very, very simple. There's going to be three labels. Okay, a label for the title of the game, a label for the score, and we're going to put an image into our game. So I'm going to start here with the title label. Now over here under ID, this is important to get this right. I'm going to change this to label, call it title, because it's the title of the game. And in this case, that title is Cookie Clicker. Oops. Now, I'm going to go ahead and make the font bigger. Oops, I'm going to go ahead and make the font bigger. There, that's down here. Now you can see how the font, I can't even see it now because it's so big. All I have to do is change the size of the box here. And I'm going to go ahead and kind of make that a little bit wider and hopefully get that down too. So maybe kind of go all the way across the length of the screen there and there we go. And then over here, I want to go ahead and make that centered. So it's centered in the little label here. Now, label is just a nice way of showing information. We don't click in it. And then this label, it's important that we give it a proper name. Right now it says Label 2. This is label title. So I'm going to say Labelscore. This is going to be our score. Notice it's LBL and capital S. I didn't have to put it that way. I just did it. This is a logical way of doing it. Now, the score when we start is 0. So again, I'm going to go ahead and align the text in the center. Again, I know I'm going a little fast. My voice is a little weak because I'm getting over COVID. So play it slow or just rewind if you're not sure what I'm doing. Again, my students have gone through the self-paced tutorial that this website provides. If you haven't done that, check that out first. It's very, very useful. So my students will be familiar with most of what I'm doing already. So you might want to make that a little bit bigger as well. You can kind of decide what size works for you. But most important thing, it's cookie and we need an image. So I'm going to click on this. And again, I'm going to call this image cookie. Capitalization is important. So notice I have IMG and then capital C for cookie. If you don't use the proper names, it's not going to work very well. Now under Image, you can click Choose. And you can link to something on the internet, which is probably not a good idea. You can go to Icons. Now I don't think they have a cookie icon, which is kind of sad. Now you could use one of these other shapes if you prefer. What I usually do is I go to this website, Open Clip Art. I'm going to type cookie. And everything on this website, as far as I know, is Creative Commons. You can use it for whatever purposes you like. And I know from experience, there's an image on the second page that I really like. So I'm going to use that. So I've got this image. I'm going to go ahead and save this image to my computer. And I'll put it into, I guess, I guess I'll put it on my desktop for now.  Makes sense? So I like that image. I've saved it to my computer. So now when I go to Choose, I'm going to upload the file. I'm going to go to where I saved it and select it. And you can see it there. And I'm going to click Choose. So now I've got this cool little image. I'm going to make it a little bit bigger because I wanted it to be prominent. So at this point, my interface, my design is done. So if I run this, I got clicky clicker, score zero. I've got an image. Now, of course, when I click it, nothing happens because we haven't done the coding. That's part one. Again, it's just really important, especially for this and this, that you give it the proper name because we're going to be using that name later when we code it. So stage two, we need to create the code. So I'm going to go over to code. And again, if you did the tutorial, this should make sense. If you haven't done the tutorial, you probably want to go back and try that. So what we want to happen is when I click on the image of the cookie, I want to do something. I'm going to drag this on event, and the ID is image cookie. This is why we chose a good name. I know exactly what it is. So when I click on that image, I want to add to the score. Now, the problem is, I don't have a score yet. So let's go to variables, and I'm going to do var x equals. And when we start the game, our score is zero. That kind of makes sense. Now you see this little yellow triangle. It says score is defined, but it's not called in your program. We're going to fix that in a minute. Let's just ignore that for now. So when we click on the cookie, the score should go up by one. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to drag this one out. I'm going to say score equals score plus one. And it should change to look like that. So when I start the game, the score is zero. When I click, I add one to the score. Let's try it, see what happens. It looks like nothing is happening. Looks like we've messed up. Something's not working. And it's possible we may have. But what's going on here is the score you see here and the score you see here are not connected. We have to actually tell the computer, hey, when I change that score, I need to update it here as well. And we do that with set property. So I'm going to drag set property into here. And the ID of this is label score, so LBL score. And I want to change the text to the following. Score colon space plus score. I'll put some space in there to make it a little clearer what I did. So what this does is it sets the text property of this label to this text plus this score. This text is inside quotation marks. So it'll print score as you see it. This score is not in quotation marks. Neither is this, neither is this, neither is this. So it will print the value of whatever score is. Let's go ahead and run it. And now we have a working cookie clicker game. Yeah, it's that easy. Now I'm going to go ahead and reset that. The other thing I might want to do is I might want to play a sound when I click the cookie. So I'm going to go ahead and find that one. It's called play sound. It doesn't matter where I put it in here. I'll just put it at the end. And I'm going to go ahead and choose a sound. There's all kinds of different sounds you can choose. I'm going to just go under alerts and try a couple. Don't like that one. Ooh, I kind of like that one. Ooh, I like that a lot. I'm going to use that one. So I'm going to go ahead and run this and try it again. OK, that's kind of cool. Oh, let's see here. Yeah, we don't want to leave that. I think we can go with that. It's a little bit long. That's why it's getting cut off. But if you find a shorter sound, you won't have quite that same effect getting interrupted. But that's basically all there is to the game. Now, if we want to get fancy, we could go ahead and add a reset. So if I go back to design, I could pull out a button, for example, and I can call this button reset. And the text is going to be reset. And you can play with the size and the fonts and colors and things like that. And then back in my code, I'm going to do the same thing on event. In this case, it's going to be button reset. I'm going to reset the score. I'm going to say score equals 0. And I'm kind of lazy. I don't really want to redo this whole thing. So if I switch to JavaScript mode, text mode, I could just go ahead and copy this and paste it. You've got to be real careful as you mess it up. You can't get back to block mode. And then go ahead and run it. And I'm going to repeat that. I mean, that wasn't a good choice for the sound. And then if I hit reset, we go back to 0. I'm not really sure why you want to reset it. But maybe you're playing against a friend or something like that. So that is it. That's all you have to do to make a very, very simple cookie clicker app. Just to kind of go back to here, this is JavaScript. So if you've ever wondered what JavaScript looks like or you're working on JavaScript, this is what JavaScript code looks like. Code.org just has these really nice blocks. So it's easier to understand and you can do all the drag and drop type stuff, which is pretty cool. So just to reiterate, in your design, be careful with naming. So the label title should be called label title. The label score should be called label score. The image cookie should be called image cookie. And if it's a button, it should be called button reset if it resets. That way it's very logical what everything does. So when you get to your code, it's very kind of obvious what you're doing. So that is it. Thanks for watching. Hope you learned something. Keep on coding.


If you haven't heard of the intense new game Life is Strange, then use your time travel powers to rewind and watch Brittany's first review, cause today she reviews part 3. How many of you have been playing Life is Strange? And how many of you are totally in love with it? As some of you know, I posted when the first episode came out talking about how absolutely crazy it was. And wow, episode 3 just came out a few weeks ago and it is so much more intense than I could have ever imagined. I keep seeing everyone's videos pop up and spoilers are coming up, so if you haven't played the game yet and you want to, I urge you to mute the video or click away. Last chance, here we go! The trailer for episode 3 titled Chaos Theory shows Max and Chloe running from someone in what appears to be Arcadia Bay High School. So after seeing the trailer, I dove into episode 3 and it had me tense right from the start. It's lights out in the dormitories after the incident with Kate. So of course with Max and Chloe being, well, Max and Chloe, we had to sneak out of the dorms and meet Chloe. The dorms were pretty dark and pretty creepy and we ended up where other than Arcadia Bay High School. I'm not going to go into the storyline too deep, just in case some of you spoiler chasers are still watching. But the trailer was pretty close for me as you can control your destiny and whatnot. But really, I could not believe how careless these girls were about their sneaking tactics. It had me on edge the entire time, I couldn't take it. At this point we've been in enough trouble so we really didn't need this on top of everything else. I also wanted to share with you guys a channel that has amazing fan theory videos. The channel is called Geek Remix and if you really want to think deeper about this game I urge you to go and look up their fan theory videos for each chapter. Be warned, there's at least 20 videos and yes, I watched all of them for episodes 1 and 2. I didn't want to do 3 yet because I haven't finished it so no spoilers for me. But they are so good and so worth it. And watching those videos really made me think about how little that I was actually thinking about the characters and the storyline of the game. For example, the whole storyline with Kate and Rachel could be very intertwined with Mr. Jefferson and his innocent young girl photography fetish. Now I'm not saying that he is the reason Rachel is missing, but I'm also saying that he's not. Fan theory doesn't prove anything yet, just shows he's a creep. Fan theory says that Kate and Rachel look a lot alike, which maybe Mr. Jefferson took a liking to Kate for and maybe she had been victim to his photography fetish, which is why she woke up in a bright room that she thought was a hospital, but could have very well been a photography studio. I'm not going to go on anymore because these theory discussions could literally go on forever. If you are interested, I definitely think that you should go check them out. I will try to remember to link them in the description box below, but if I forget, the channel is just Geek Remix. You can look it up on YouTube. Tell me down below in the comments some of your theories about the characters, the storyline, or even what you think might happen in some of the upcoming episodes. I would love to hear what you think. And if you are interested in seeing my playthrough of the game, I have episodes 1 and 2 up on my channel and I am currently working on episode 3, so you can find me on my channel Brits Games. The link for that is actually in the description if you want to go click on that. Thank you guys for watching and I will see you next week. Goodbye. Hello everyone and welcome to Life is Strange episode 2. I am so excited to start this episode. I keep seeing everyone's videos pop up and I have not started it yet. It's driving me crazy. So we're starting it today. I love how different it looks. I'm so excited. We are starting off in the Girls Duovitory, so we're back at Blackwell Academy. Impulse is produced by the Freedom Network. Ever wanted to earn revenue from your videos? Freedom offers a great partnership program which includes access to hundreds of thousands of audio tracks, sponsorships with great partners, and most importantly a no lock in contract. You can leave at any time for any reason. We accept everyone, both big and small. For more information, click here or visit the link in the video description.


1. Ruth Davidson The First Minister and all MSPs will have read further stories this week of women in Scotland dying from breast cancer unable to receive the drug Projeta, a life-extending drug available to patients elsewhere in the UK. There will be women this week and in the weeks to come who will hear the devastating news that they have HER2 positive secondary breast cancer. Because Projeta is a first-line treatment, it needs to get it quickly to benefit from that additional time to live. What would the First Minister advise them to do? First, there will not be a single family in Scotland that has not been touched in some way by cancer, including of course breast cancer. All of us know that being diagnosed with cancer is an incredibly difficult time for patients but for all of their families and friends. One of the things that is very important is that patients get speedy access to appropriate treatment and where that appropriate treatment is considered to be drugs, which includes drugs. However, as I have said many times in this Parliament, and I think that this is something that is appreciated by members across the chamber, the decisions around the approval of drugs in Scotland are not taken by ministers. They are rightly, in my view, taken independently of ministers in Parliament by the Scottish Medicines Consortium. Those decisions are based on clinical and cost effectiveness. On the Projeta drug that Ruth Davidson has highlighted today, national procurement officials and NHS national procurement officials are currently engaging with the pharmaceutical company that manufactures at Roche to explore how they can offer that drug at a fair and a transparent price. Those discussions are building on discussions that took place between the company and Scottish Government officials last week, I believe. My message to the company today would be to encourage them to resubmit Projeta to the SNC at a transparent price and allow the SNC to do its independent job. It will always be a source of concern where particular drugs that patients feel will be of benefit to them are not approved, even if that is just for a short period of time. Of course, there are some drugs that are approved in Scotland that will not be approved in other parts of the UK and vice versa. Those are always difficult issues, but perhaps because they are so difficult, it is important that we respect the independent processes in place. Ruth Davidson, for that answer. If women in Scotland lived just a few miles south of the border, they would not have to think about moving house or uprooting their family to have access to a medicine that keeps them alive. We know that a deal was done between the NHS in both England and Wales and with Projeta's manufacturer. The First Minister told us two weeks ago and has reminded us again just a moment ago that the drug company is in discussions with NHS Scotland. She also made the point that the Scottish Medicines Consortium makes decisions independently of government. Can she at least say today that if the same deal is offered to Scotland, as was offered and accepted to England and Wales, will it be accepted here? I would certainly hope that that is the case, but of course that is a decision for the Scottish Medicines Consortium. I do not have access to all the details of what the deal is. I do not know if that is the case with this particular drug, but often those deals are commercially confidential. That is an important issue. It is a very serious issue. I do think, though, that some of the way in which Ruth Davidson has characterised that is not entirely fair. For example, I could point to another drug for treatment of advanced breast cancer, which is available and approved in Scotland, but is not currently approved in England. There are other drugs that will fall into the same category. It is sometimes too easy to characterise those decisions in that way. Sometimes those situations arise precisely because we have our own processes in place. England goes through a different process through Nice. We have the Scottish Medicines Consortium, and I think that that is a process that is widely backed by people across this chamber. Those are difficult decisions, and it is right that we support the SMC to take those decisions. What Ruth Davidson is encouraging the company to do is make sure that the price that is being offered to NHS Scotland is as reasonable, fair and transparent as the price that is being offered elsewhere in the UK. I would certainly endorse that, and hopefully the discussions that are under way will lead to exactly that. I understand that the SMC makes the decisions independently of government, but I would also gently remind the chamber that the Government sets the framework under which those decisions are made. Because of a cancer drugs fund in England, Projeta has been available down south for more than four years, and it has had an effect. If we take an example, Bonnie Fox's son was just four months old when she was diagnosed with secondary breast cancer in 2015. Because she lives in London, she can receive Projeta and is still alive to see her son's third birthday. For years, women in Scotland have been missing out on this treatment. This drug has gone back and forth to the SMC for a decision three times since 2013. Can the First Minister honestly say that the system that her government has overseen for all those years has done its best by those women? If I was talking about another drug in England, I guess that the same argument could be made in reverse. Those are the outcomes of independent processes. It is not because there is a refusal to fund that is unreasonable, but it is about making sure that the company submits a fair price. If we do not insist on companies submitting fair prices, there are fewer drugs that we are able to make available for patients. That is why those processes are so important. Ruth Davidson rightly says that it is the Government that sets the framework. That is why I am sure that she is aware of the significant reforms that have been introduced in recent years. For example, between 2011 and 2013, the combined SMC acceptance rate for orphan and cancer medicines was just 48 per cent. Because of the reforms that we have introduced between 2014 and 2016, SMC approval of ultra-orphan orphan and end-of-life medicines is now 75 per cent. Those reforms are leading to improvements, but that does not remove the need for very close consideration of individual applications. I want to see as many medicines and drugs are approved and available to patients as possible, but we would not be doing a service to patients if we did not have a robust independent process in place. It is right that we do so and all of us should support it. Of course, that responsibility is particularly important for the Scottish Government, which is why we have been having the discussions that I have spoken about and why we are encouraging the company to resubmit at that fair and transparent price that will allow it to be approved. Ruth Davidson In Scotland today, women with secondary breast cancer are faced with a choice. They can move home for a chance to live longer or they can stay put in the knowledge that that chance is denied them here. We urgently need a deal on progeta and we need to fix the system now. The health secretary promised a new system of negotiating on the cost of medicines in December 2016. At the time, Mary Allison, the Scottish director of breast cancer now said, we need to deliver those changes quickly and effectively. There is no time to lose. It is now May 2018, 17 months later. What is taking this Government so long to fix the system to help women to get access to medicines like progeta and can the First Minister give the exact date that her Government will put in place the new negotiating system that she promised so that we have greater access to treatments that let people live longer and better quality lives? The Montgomery review that was asked by this Government, by this health secretary to recommend reforms, there is an on-going process of implementing those reforms. It is partly because of the reforms that we have implemented that the figures that I read out earlier on have been achieved. There is further work being led by national services Scotland right now. It is important that we continue to reform a system as I am sure will be the case in other parts of the UK to make sure that it operates as well as it possibly can. However, this is the important point. No matter how good and efficient the system is, that does not remove the need for individual decisions to be taken on individual drugs. There is a process that is under way about progeta. I hope that process concludes positively as quickly as possible, but part of the responsibility there is for the drug company to come forward with a fair and transparent prize for the drug. I hope that one thing that we can agree on today is the encouragement to the drug company to do exactly that. I do not think that it is fair to, as I say, characterise it in the way that Ruth Davidson partly has today, because equally we could do that with other drugs in reverse. We have systems in place. Those are difficult decisions. I am sure that the health secretary will identify with what I am about to say. When I was health secretary, those were among the most difficult decisions that you ever confronted. The most important thing, as a health secretary—now as a First Minister—is to have confidence in the processes that we have in place. I have confidence in those processes. Of course, they are always open to improvement, but we must make sure that those processes are independent to get the right results and the fair results for all patients across the country. That is what we are determined to do. Question 2, Richard Leonard. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. First Minister, how many families will be hit by the 57 per cent hike in childcare charges proposed by Glasgow City Council? Of course, the decisions that Glasgow City Council has taken and the decisions for Glasgow City Council are also involved, as I am sure that Richard Leonard will be aware of, extending beyond the national recommended provision, the number of free hours for families, as I understand it, earning less than £30,000. They have been working hard to accelerate the progress towards the doubling of free provision and doing that in a way that targets those at the bottom end of the income scale. Of course, we are committed nationally. In the last couple of weeks, we have agreed a deal with COSLA about the funding of our transformation of early years education and childcare. That is something that I hope that people across the chamber would welcome. Richard Leonard. The question that I asked was how many families in Glasgow will be affected by the SNP's decision to hike up childcare charges. The answer, according to a freedom of information disclosure, is 5,000. 5,000 families are already struggling with the cost of living. 5,000 families are like the Spence family. Sarah Spence works for the NHS as an assistant practice manager in Anderson. It is a vital job, but she told me, I feel like I will be forced to give up work to look after my son, which is unfair, as I love my job in the NHS and I do not want to not work. Today, the childcare costs for her 18-month-old son, Ollie, are £420 a month. With those proposed increases, the family would have to find another £220 a month. First Minister, how many working-class families do you know with a spare £220 a month? First Minister. Many constituents in my constituency in Glasgow who benefit from the free childcare that Glasgow City Council makes available have made a number of changes to their provision, including increasing the numbers of hours that are provided free to families, as I understand it, earning under £30,000. Of course, the reason why we are working so hard and investing so considerably to increase the provision of childcare is to reduce the costs overall for families, not just families in Glasgow, but families across the country. The reforms that we are currently in the process of implementing with local authority colleagues will save families across the country thousands of pounds a year, as well as giving young people the best start in life. That, I think, is a direction of travel that all of us across the chamber should warmly welcome. Richard Leonard. First Minister, at your party's conference just last October in Glasgow, you said and I quote, "...some parents still face a struggle to find and fund the childcare they need to allow them to work." We are going to change that. So how does a 57 per cent hike in childcare charges change that struggle for working families for the better? It doesn't, does it? It changes it for the worse. First Minister, this won't allow people to work. It will slam the door on work for people. So will you listen to what 5,000 families across the city of Glasgow are telling you? Will you add your voice to their demand? First Minister, will you stick to your word? Will you stand up for these families? Will you stand up against these outrageous increases? First Minister. It's because I believe so strongly what I said in the speech that's just been quoted by Richard Leonard, that by the end of this Parliament, this Government, with our partners and local authorities, will be investing almost in total £1 billion doubling the amount of free childcare that is available to families across this country. Doing something that Labour never did in all the years that they were in power. We'll get on with the job of providing the money to local authorities to allow them to double their provision of free childcare, something that will be of benefit to children and to families the length and breadth of this country. Can I remind members that they should always speak through the chair? A constituency question, Liam Kerr. First Minister, on Tuesday this week, the press and journal reported that hoax calls to Aberdeen firefighters are a five-year high, which ties up vital resources and puts the lives of our brave firefighters and members of the public at risk. So what steps will the Government take to crack down on hoax 999 calls? Given that many of those calls are from those struggling with mental health difficulties, isn't this another case where local, joined-up approach from multiple services will succeed over top-down centralisation? My strong and unequivocal message to anybody making a hoax call to one of our emergency services is don't do it, because it ties up resources that those in need are depending on. In terms of the broader part of the question about mental health, I have a great deal of sympathy with that, which is why we are investing in mental health workers in non-health settings, particularly in criminal justice settings, which I think was something that I also announced recently in perhaps the same speech that Richard Leonard has just quoted. Those are important issues in terms of the provision of mental health support, but not everybody who will make a hoax call is in that position. All of us have a duty to remind people of how precious our emergency services are, how reliant all of us are at times on them and how all of us have a duty to treat them with utmost respect. Last Thursday, the First Minister will be aware that 25-year-old Shabazz alias Syrian refugee was stabbed six times in Edinburgh's now critically ill in the hospital. He had been at the time trying to protect his young female cousin when he was attacked at hospital in the city. Can I ask the First Minister what support the Scottish Government and its agencies are giving to local authorities and communities in Edinburgh and across Scotland in terms of protection and reassurance following what appears to be a clear, racially motivated criminal act? Well, thank you to Andy Wightman for raising this issue. I am, of course, aware of the case of Shabazz Ali, who was attacked and seriously hurt in the early hours of Thursday morning last week. Clearly, there is a criminal investigation under way into this incident, and as we are not aware of the full circumstances of the case as yet, we and I are obviously restricted in what we can say about the specific case. What I will say more generally is that Scotland must stand united at all times against all forms of racism and all types of hate crime. We want Scotland to be and to be seen to be a refuge from war and persecution, and any attack on any individual or group of people living in Scotland, regardless of who they are or where they come from, should be seen as an attack on all of us. The Scottish Government will do what we can with the local authority in Edinburgh and with other groups to provide as much reassurance and support as possible. I am aware that there is a fundraising campaign to raise funds for this particular individual, and I am sure that many people across the country will want to support that. Presiding Officer, police are battling a significant rise in the amount of crack cocaine flooding streets in my region and particularly in Fife. Offices have found that drugs have become much more available over the last six months, promoting a fear of an epidemic. The Scottish Government's drug strategy is clearly failing the residents of Fife. Can I ask the First Minister what future robust measures will be put in place to combat this issue as a matter of urgency? The First Minister will continue to support our police in the vital job that they do to get drugs off of our streets and our police work hard every single day of every week in doing exactly that. We are never and never will be complacent about the risk and the threat and the impact of drugs. However, in terms of the reference to the Scottish Government's drug strategy, I would disagree with that. Latest figures indeed indicate that the number of adults who reported drug use actually decreased from 7.6 per cent in 2008 to 9.6 per cent in 2014-15. The latest survey of drug-taking behaviour among young people shows that the majority of young people, 13 and 15-year-olds, have never used drugs. We have to be aware of that context while continuing to treat drug use as seriously as we do. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. On this topic, what is the First Minister's reaction to news this week that, in Glasgow, cocaine can be delivered more quickly than pizza? The First Minister's reaction is that I am concerned about what has been reported in terms of cocaine use. That is something that should concern all of us. As I said in relation to the previous question, we are never and never will be complacent about that. However, we must put those issues in the context that I just did in terms of the declining use of drugs among the adult population. We are also giving additional resources to improve the provision and quality of services for people with substance misuse issues. While it is not exactly relevant to the cocaine issue that Adam Tomkins has raised, one of the things that we support—I know that Glasgow City Council supports it—and indeed this whole Parliament supported a couple of weeks ago is a safe consumption facility in Glasgow, because we need to look at different ways of dealing with the drug issue, and we are certainly open to doing exactly that. Does the First Minister share my concerns that the Tory-led Scottish Borders Council is reducing its share of funding for the bus service X101-102 with drawing its contribution of just over £135,000 to a measly £35,000, affecting many of my constituents in places such as Westlinton and Pericook? Does the First Minister agree with me that flies in the face of encouraging public transport and will she raise this with the Transport Minister? As I said earlier in response to another question and another issue, those are matters for the local council. However, I can well understand that the situation that Christine Grahame has outlined will be of concern to people in her constituency. I am sure that the Transport Minister would be happy to discuss it further with her, and I am sure that she will take him up on that opportunity. I want to ask the First Minister about Brexit. The Conservative foreign secretary says that his Prime Minister's plan is crazy. Labour members of Parliament are in open revolt. Two years on from the referendum, Brexit is a shambles and it is damaging the country. The First Minister's trusted former adviser, Noel Dolan, says that it is time for her to back her referendum on the Brexit deal. He is right, isn't he? I can just say that I am going to take the opportunity to tease Noel Dolan mercilessly, that, after so many years being my adviser, helping me with FMQs in opposition and in government, he managed to avoid being the story, and then, not long after his retirement, he manages to do the opposite. On the serious issue, I say this to Willie Rennie in all sincerity. It is not the SNP that is going to be a bloc if there is to be a second referendum on the EU issue. I think that if there is to be any prospect of that, it is not the SNP that he needs to convince. It is one of the main parties in Westminster that he will need to convince, and given that we cannot at the moment seem to even convince the Labour opposition at Westminster of the case for the single market, I am not sure that there is much grounds for optimism, but I would suggest that his target on this is the wrong one. It is quite an important point that, and I understand this, the motivation for people arguing for another EU referendum is that they hope that the result would be different from the one at the last time. That is not really relevant in Scotland, because, in the EU referendum, Scotland did vote to remain. The problem in Scotland is that our remain vote has been completely ignored. What guarantees can Willie Rennie give people in Scotland that, if that was the outcome again, our remain vote would not be ignored in exactly the same way all over again? Willie Rennie The problem for the First Minister is that time is running out. We could be leaving within months. She has told us before that she is sympathetic to this. She is sympathetic to a referendum on the Brexit deal, but if she is so sympathetic, why does she not just pick it up? No Dolan was not alone in speaking up for a Brexit deal referendum. Another former adviser, Kevin Pringle, agreed to two of the great thinkers in the SNP. First Minister, oh sorry, Mr Rennie, I thought you were finished. I am terribly sorry, carry on. And Keith Brown has a degree of sympathy for the idea as well. And Ian Blackford, he's open to looking at it as well. So with the backing of so many people in her party and the damage that Brexit is doing to the country, is the First Minister prepared finally to make a decision to put her government behind a public vote to back a vote on the Brexit deal? First Minister, I was enjoying that so much. Can I firstly thank Willie Rennie for his warm words of praise for so many of my SNP colleagues? Can I remind him that all those great thinkers, and I agree with them that they are all great thinkers, all support Scottish independence? I am so honoured to be with Willie Rennie on that issue as well. I will concentrate on Willie Rennie for the moment. I would say this in all seriousness to Willie Rennie. The SNP is not a bloc to this, but equally the SNP is not capable of bringing about a second referendum on the EU position. Willie Rennie would be better spending his time trying to persuade Labour of that, as hopefully together we can all spend our time trying to persuade Labour of the case for the single market and the customs union. So I agree with Willie Rennie and his characterisation of Brexit is a complete and utter shambles, and I hope that common sense breaks out in a number of ways. But I think that Willie Rennie would be better to spend his time trying to persuade those who could make a bigger difference here, and I will leave the great thinkers of my party to persuade him and a whole host of other things as well. Further supplementary, Maurice Corry. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. 100 years ago this year, the people of Islay witnessed the tragedies of the sinking of HMS Otranto and SS Tuscania off the coast of Islay, resulting in a huge loss of American servicemen enroute to support the Allied Forces effort in Europe in World War 1. Will the First Minister join me in thanking the people of Islay and the World War 1 Commemoration Committee of Islay and for the very moving service of commemoration at the War Memorial in Portellon and other commemorative events on Friday last week held in the presence of a mad of her Royal Highness, the Princess Royal and Admiral Timothy Lawrence and senior representatives in the UK Government, the Scottish Government and senior diplomats in the United States of America, France and Germany? First Minister. Yes, I will. I was very sorry personally not to be able to be in Islay on Friday of last week due to the funeral of a personal friend in Glasgow that I had to attend, but it was a tremendous ceremony and the commemorations and I would take the opportunity to thank the World War 1 Commemoration Committee not just for their work around the Islay commemoration but all of the work that they have been doing to commemorate the battles and key events of World War 1, but it was an opportunity, I think, to pay tribute to the spirit and generosity of the people of Islay and, of course, the American servicemen that benefited from that generosity, so I would thoroughly endorse all of the comments that have just been made. Further supplementary, Anna Sarwar. I listened carefully to the exchanges between the First Minister and Ruth Davidson around the breast cancer drug projeta. As we know in the Montgomery review of the SMC, one of the recommendations that we won on those benches was for an interim accepted period. That was to allow for life-prolonging medicines to be made available while the SMC and the medicines company negotiated a price. Why has that not been implemented? Surely that is the answer to give those life-prolonging drugs to those breast cancer patients. Drugs can already be made available on an exceptional basis through individual patient treatment processes and that is an important part of the process that we have in place. As I have already said, we are introducing, on an on-going basis, the recommendations of the Montgomery review. Some of them require very careful consideration and I hope that Anna Sarwar and others would accept the need for that. We will continue to take forward those reforms to ensure that patients do get the fair access to drugs and medicines that all of us want to see. Further supplementary, Alex Cole-Hamilton. On Tuesday, a young doctor in my constituency contacted me to say that 10 days ago, after a gruelling recruitment process, she had been awarded a place that would see her become a consultant in her desired field of medicine. On Friday, a week after making plans with her partner to move house, she received the devastating news that, due to an administrative error, all offers were being withdrawn. All told, that has affected over 100 doctors in Scotland, some of whom had bought houses and resigned positions on the strength of those offers. Does the First Minister support calls for an inquiry into this matter and will her Government consider offering some form of compensation to those doctors in Scotland who are financially disadvantaged by that mistake? First, as Alex Cole-Hamilton will no doubt be aware, this is a UK-wide issue that has arisen in this affecting doctors, not just in Scotland but in other parts of the UK. Of course, we are paying very close attention to that and will consider the particular points that Alex Cole-Hamilton has made. If the doctor in his constituency wishes to, I am sure that the health secretary would be happy to correspond with Alex Cole-Hamilton directly in order to see what advice and help can be offered. I will ask the health secretary to correspond more generally with Alex Cole-Hamilton about the action that the Scottish Government will be looking to take to make sure that the situation is rectified and secondly that it cannot happen again in future. First Minister, this morning, BT announced that it will cut thousands of jobs in back office and middle management, while creating additional jobs to support network deployment and customer service. Can she advise the chamber what the implications of the decision are for Scotland? I am aware of the announcement that BT made this morning. As of yet, we have had no indication from BT on exactly how that will affect its Scottish operations. We will be seeking further information from BT over the next couple of days. We will, in an appropriate way, share that with members who have an interest in it. Obviously, this will be a concerning time for the company's employees, who may be affected by the decision. Scottish Government officials have already contacted BT Scotland to offer guidance and to see whether we can provide any assistance. However, as we have further information, we will share that with Parliament. Can I ask the First Minister if she will provide an update on progress towards tackling excessive parcel delivery surcharges affecting many parts of Scotland? I recognise the long-standing concerns about parcel deliveries to rural areas and very much appreciate the work undertaken by Richard Lochhead and organisations like Citizens Advice and Highland Council. The Government has worked with them and others on the issue, including the development of a statement of principles for fair delivery charges, which was subsequently adopted by the UK Government. The Business Minister will host a meeting on 27 June, with parcel delivery companies, retailers, consumer groups and others, to discuss what further action we can take. I will give an assurance to Richard Lochhead that we will continue to do everything that we can. However, I remind the chamber that the regulation of prices for parcel deliveries is reserved to Westminster and that it is time that the UK Government also took serious action to address the issue. Richard Lochhead Can I thank the First Minister for her answer and also the news about the ministerial meeting that is going to take place? Can I tell her that I continue to be inundated with cases on justifiable excessive parcel delivery surcharges imposed in homes, businesses and mury and throughout Scotland, by some companies, when others deliver free or for a modest charge? That is also not just a rural issue that main major online retailer Wayfair, for instance, imposed surcharges for some items on Falkirk, Greenock, Dundee, Paisley and other places, but offer free delivery to places such as Penzance in the south of England. It is welcome that online platforms such as eBay and Amazon have met and recognised their problem and want to help to sort it out. It is also important that the advertising standards authority is now dealing with companies that promise free delivery to mainland UK but then exclude parts of mainland Scotland. If the First Minister is aware that many retailers continue to apply an additional charge after transactions as well, which is absolutely illegal, and other companies refuse to deliver to the first Scotland— Richard Lochhead Hurry up, Mr Lochhead. Given that the case for regulation that the First Minister mentions is getting stronger and stronger, will she personally intervene and take that up with the UK Government so that we can scrap that £30 million, £6 million surcharge in Scotland? First Minister, can I thank Richard Lochhead? He has done absolutely sterling work on this issue. Both raised the awareness of it at government level but also contributed to some of the actions that we are now seeing being taken to address. It is an issue that mainly affects rural issues, but we have just had a timely reminder from Richard Lochhead that it is not only rural issues in Scotland that are affected by unfair and excessive delivery charges. It is something that has got to end, and we are determined in the Scottish Government that we will play our part in ensuring that that happens. I will give Richard Lochhead the assurance that we will take it up again with the UK Government, because meaningful change will only happen if the Government that holds the main levers and responsibilities here takes a far more active role. We have made many representations in the past, and we will continue to do so. The UK Government should be insisting that all consumers, wherever they are based, whether in rural communities or major cities, receive fair, transparent and timely delivery of their parcels. I think that people everywhere in Scotland have a right to expect that. It is supplementary. Jenny Marra. Legal parcels are being delivered by companies to households all over Scotland containing illegal drugs, including street valium selling at £20 a tablet. What powers does the First Minister have at her disposal to stop legal delivery of illegal substances? That is an important issue. Obviously, the member is raising the issue of illegal substances. We often have issues of delivery of other goods that can be damaging or used in a damaging way. I will ensure that a letter goes to the member setting out exactly what powers the Scottish Government has and where we may again have to look to the UK Government to take action. For example, I know that there is currently consideration of legislation to deal with the issue of knives, and that includes parcel deliveries as well. If it is acceptable to the member, I will make sure that that information is provided to her so that we can make sure that we are doing everything that we can to address what I recognise as a serious issue. To ask the First Minister what action the Scottish Government will take to reduce the number of cancelled NHS operations. The First Minister We continue to support health boards to keep all cancellations to a minimum through better scheduling and planning of elective care. In 2017-18, on average, 830 operations were carried out each day, and that compares with around 22 cancelled for capacity or non-clinical reasons. NHS Scotland staff numbers under this Government are at a record high, and we have also committed to an additional 2,600 nursing in midwifery training places and additional medical training places over this Parliament as well. Rachael Hamilton I thank the First Minister for that answer, but this year, NHS borders has consistently had the highest or second highest rate of cancelled operations due to capacity or non-clinical reasons. After one of my constituents had her operation cancelled, the Cabinet Secretary for Health and Sport wrote to me calling it, quote, highly regrettable and totally unacceptable, but her operation was cancelled again. The Cabinet Secretary for Health and Sport wrote again and again, saying that it was unacceptable. When will the First Minister realise that we need action and simply repeat bland statements of regret and saying that it shouldn't happen just isn't good enough? First Minister I would never diminish the importance of any patient who has their operation cancelled for a non-clinical reason, but it is also important, as I did in my original answer, to point out the fact that that will be a very small percentage of the total number of operations that take place each and every day in our health service. We are working with health boards and will continue to do that to reduce the number of cancellations and to reduce weights. The Scottish Access Collaborative, for example, the development of the modern outpatient service, are all initiatives that are about improving the position, and we will continue to work on them. Particularly in March of this year, we saw an increase in cancelled operations, particularly down to the very adverse weather that we had faced in many health boards. More than half of all cancellations for non-clinical reasons were down to the weather, but we will continue to remain focused on ensuring that the number of operations that are cancelled for reasons that are not clinical are kept at an absolute minimum. First Minister, for what impact the EDF energy announcement on the acquisition of the Nearshaugai project will have on renewables jobs and the supply chain in Scotland? We welcome the purchase of the NNG project by EDF energy renewables. In August 2017, just to give some context of this, the Fraser of Allander Institute estimated that this project would contribute 0.6 per cent of GDP, which is about £827 million to the Scottish economy over its lifetime. It also predicted that the project would create thousands of jobs during the construction phase and over 230 operations and maintenance jobs for the 25-year lifetime of the wind farm. As I mentioned in the chamber last week, I met with the chief executive officers of EDF energy and EDF renewables last Thursday afternoon. They committed to meet with the energy minister as soon as possible to discuss their plans for the project. I raised with them then, and this further meeting will provide a further opportunity to seek assurances on how the Scottish supply chain will benefit from the acquisition. I share the First Minister's welcome for the project and look forward to hearing more from the energy minister in due course. Does the First Minister agree that support for training will be vital if workers such as those in BiFab are to take full advantage of such opportunities going forward? If so, what training support will her Government's agencies provide so as to ensure a future for the arts in methyl and Stornoway, as well as for the arts in Burnt Island? Yes, I believe that training is very important in the future of the industry. Our agencies, Skills Development Scotland and Scottish Enterprise already focus very much on that. Indeed, one of the particular things that we focused on during the oil and gas downturn was a training initiative that I think that Lewis MacDonald welcomed at the time that helped people working in that sector to retrain for other sectors, including renewable energy. Lewis MacDonald mentions BiFab. That is one of the contracts that, although there are no guarantees, gives grounds for optimism for the future of a company like BiFab. As the chamber knows, we are very focused on ensuring that we do everything that we can to support BiFab. When the acquisition by DF Barnes was announced, it was made very clear that it was not a magic solution and that hard times still lay ahead, that the yard has to win contracts. However, that acquisition means that BiFab did not close, and what we now need to do is support it to win contracts from projects like that to ensure that it has the bright future that all of us want to see. In July 2016, Brian Wilson, the former Labour energy minister, told the BBC that offshore wind in Scotland is pretty much dead. Does the First Minister share my view that Brian Wilson has been proved wrong again? Will she join me in calling for everyone who wants to see the creation of valuable jobs in Scotland in Scottish engineering and to fight climate change to get behind the development of all the offshore wind farms in the Forth and Tay, given the enormous potential that they have in both regards? I agree very strongly with that. We have seen massive reductions in the cost of offshore wind in recent times, and there is huge potential for Scotland in that area. The Forth and Tay projects have a combined economic value in excess of £6 billion, which in turn presents some real opportunities for the Scottish supply chain. Although the placing of contracts is always a commercial decision for developers, collectively our aim is to secure as much work as possible for Scotland. To help to achieve that, we will combine our efforts and those of our enterprise and skills agencies in making sure that we are doing exactly that. Offshore wind undoubtedly is a massive opportunity for Scotland, and I think that many of those who have predicted otherwise have indeed been proved very wrong. That concludes First Minister's question time, and we will move on to members' business. May I ask those who are leaving the chamber to do so quickly and quietly, please?


Hello everyone and welcome to another episode of Code Emporium where we are going to talk about probability distributions. Now there are certain distributions that we use in academia and also some that we use in industry and there are some differences between them and I kind of wanted to highlight what we use in the industry and also give certain examples of use cases for every distribution that we're going to talk about. We're going to talk about five of them and we're going to talk about details of each. Before we get started with the video if you could just do me a favor and hit that like button and also subscribe for more videos like this because if you like this and other people can see it and they like it and then even more people see it and it just grows exponentially. Also do check out our Discord server it's down in the description below we're talking about some amazing things there let's create a community together and with that let's get back to the video. Coming up at number one we're going to talk about the normal distribution the standard bell curve that everybody knows and loves and is probably one of the most studied distributions in academia. Now in the industry though we don't have extremely apparent usages of the normal distributions from an application standpoint but they are super important to understand as like a hidden concept. For example let's take hypothesis testing. So hypothesis testing is a framework of A B testing where we state a hypothesis we try to gather and collect data and either try to prove or just disprove how ridiculous that hypothesis is and then we come to a conclusion of either rejecting or just not rejecting that hypothesis. Now in order to disprove a hypothesis or reject a hypothesis we use statistical tests and these statistical tests sometimes come with an assumption of normality. So what exactly is normally distributed or what is the requirement in these statistical tests to be normally distributed? The main assumption here kind of gets into the central limit theorem. So essentially it states that the distribution of sample means is supposed to be normally distributed. Basically the central limit theorem tries to relate the population with the samples that we take. So if we have a population of 500,000 and then we take a sample size of 1000 and compute the mean of that sample and just repeat this procedure again and again maybe let's say 400 times. To get 400 means the distribution of those means should follow a normal distribution. Now this is typically followed especially if the sample size that we're taking is at least 30 and so it's not too hard, it's not too strict of a condition. However for certain statistical tests there is an additional assumption that is much stricter and it is that the population from which we are sampling should also follow normally distributed data. The idea behind a lot of these statistical tests is to make sure that we get a representation of the population within a single sample. And when we're comparing populations and samples it's easier to compute or compare their means. So we want to compare the population mean and have that be approximated into the sample mean and then the sample standard deviation should be an approximation of how erroneous we are with our estimation of the population mean. Now in order to simplify the mathematics for all of this, the assumption that we need to make is that the standard deviation of the population is independent of the mean of the population and this is only true in the case of normally distributed data. And so we need to make the assumption that the population is also normally distributed and that's why we kind of see this assumption when making, when doing something like the t-test. And in this way the assumption of normality becomes the cornerstone of statistical testing. Another case where we see the assumption of normality is in linear regression where we need to assume that the distribution of residuals follows a normal distribution. Now what this means is that typically when we're doing machine learning or machine learning training specifically, we have a label and we have a certain algebraic expression of features that we want to compute and that should be as close to the label as possible. However, this is typically not going to be exactly equal to that regression label and we are left with some small amount of error. This is error that rises because like we just don't have all the features to exactly compute the label or it could just be the randomness inherently in the system or some other reasons too. Now what we need here is that if we were to take every single samples and determine the error for every single training sample and then plot the distribution of those errors they should have some sort of central tendency and they should follow a normal distribution. If this assumption is not met then we won't accurately be able to draw a line that actually fits the data for linear regression. I hope it's pretty clear right now how we actually use a normal distribution in the industry and it's not always 100% apparent but it's still a super important concept that you need to know. Coming up on number two, we have a relative of the normal distribution and that is the log normal distribution. This is typically used to model data where we have a lot of samples that have a small value and a few samples that have a large value and it is actually a lot more apparent that we see or more obviously that we see this log normal distribution than actually the typical bell curve. For example, let's take an e-commerce platform where we want to plot the distribution of orders associated with all products and what you'll see from this distribution is that you'll have a lot of products with a few amount of orders but there's a few amount of products with a lot of orders. Example number two, let's talk about social media where we want to plot the distribution of users subscriber counts and try to see what distribution it actually models and from this you'll see that a lot of users will have a small subscriber count but a few users will have a large subscriber count. Example number three, we can also model the distribution of household income. Some households make a lot of money but there's a lot of households that only make a little money and so we get a kind of long-tailed log normal like distribution and so you can see that the log normal distribution can be used to approximate so many different types of data and it's also quite apparent. More technically we can kind of tell if something behaves like a log normal distribution if we just take some samples from that distribution take the logarithm of those values and then plot a distribution of those values and you'll see a normal distribution or kind of like a bell curve. So clearly this distribution is super versatile and can be used in a host of applications to approximate many kinds of data across varying fields. I'll link some more resources down below of where you can find log normal distribution. Coming up on number three we have the uniform distribution. Now the uniform distribution kind of comes to mind when I talk about randomness even though all distributions do exhibit some form of randomness the uniform distribution allows us to equally select samples with equal probabilities. A good place where I've used this at work is in Monte Carlo simulations so let's say that we wanted to simulate a game of bingo where every user every player is given a five cross five grid where the grid contains random numbers between one and ninety and then there's like a person who calls out the numbers from like the bingo ball and then they call out very random numbers so in order to generate these numbers that are called it you would be sampling from a uniform distribution without replacement and then in order to also generate the boards which is like a five cross five board for every single player you can generate these with another uniform distribution where the probability of like any one number being called out is the same and the problem between one and ninety and the probability of any number even occupying a square is also the same which is between one and ninety there are also many other uses for this uniform distribution but I find it pretty useful in this context at least at work coming up on number four we have the beta distribution now the beta distribution is a distribution of probability values what this means is that if you have a distribution and you sample from this beta distribution you will get a number between zero and one that corresponds typically to a probability in the industry we tend to use this for modeling certain metrics such as click-through rate or purchase conversion numbers where they lie between zero and one or they can be represented as a percentage let's now talk about a super practical example of how we would use this beta distribution specifically in Bayesian testing so I know Bayesian testing is another framework of implementation of AB testing kind of like hypothesis testing is but in this case we are trying to compare two probability distributions based on prior data so we have a prior knowledge of how a system works we now collect experiment information and then we update our beliefs in order to reflect like what we have seen during that experiment and then we just make a decision in our example let's say that I work at YouTube and I have designed this amazing new YouTube recommendation system where I want to test out its effects on click-through rates and we are going to choose the algorithm that definitively has the higher click-through rate and so with this I can actually create the experiment and have a distribution of click-through rates for our old system have the distribution of click-through rates for the new system both of which are now beta distributions and then we can just compare them and decide whether or not we should go with the new algorithm so the beta distribution just becomes super useful in this context and the final distribution that is super useful to know is the chi-square distribution now for this distribution if we were to take a normal distribution sample from it square each of those values and then plot another distribution that distribution would more likely follow a chi-squared distribution this is really useful in the machine learning context for feature selection so specifically for this context we want to run a test of independence I run an e-commerce platform let's say it's target on the online side and I want to build a fraud classification system I have a hunch that whether or not a person has diapers in their cart could affect or be indicative of whether or not a person is committing fraud and so I want to test this out and so in this case I have a fraud label which is binary and then I have a diaper feature which is also binary you either have or don't have a diaper in your cart and then we make some observations over time and conduct a chi-squared test get a chi-squared test statistic and a p-value and then based on that we could see how dependent or not dependent that they are so for example if we were to reject the null hypothesis that the two values are going to be independent of each other then that means that there might be some sort of dependence going on and we could potentially use diapers in our feature set granted correlation is not equal to causation but still that diaper feature could potentially be indicative of fraud and would still require some further investigation another place that we could use this is in the goodness of fit test essentially you would use this if you are questioning how a certain system works let's give an example here so I work for the department of education and in that department of education we are going to conduct some SAT tests right so standardized tests which are multiple choice each each question will have an abc and d bubble now the the assumed hypothesis here or the expectation is that the probability that the answer is abc or d for any given question is 25 so it's it's equal throughout however I have a hunch that you know maybe maybe this is not the case what if like you know people what if like these questions are framed with you know the the answer c is actually more probable than the others well I can test if this is true with another chi-square test in the sense of a goodness of fit test so essentially we have the expected values which is the 25 for abc and d we have the observed values depending on how the test goes like maybe we'll have a is 20 b is 25 c is 35 d is 25 or something like that and then we can combine them in order to get a test statistic and a p-value using the chi-square test and then we can decide to see whether or not our our hypothesis of this is a good fit is to be rejected now both the goodness of fit test and the independence test they are broadly kind of very similar because they are comparing two categorical values and because you know they're kind of similar they come under the same umbrella but they're also very broad they can be used in many applications in many in many ways like this and that's all we have for now so I hope you all enjoyed this video I hope a lot of this information kind of makes sense from an industry standpoint of where you would actually use these distributions now this is a non-exhaustive list there are definitely more distributions that you should be knowing and that you'll probably get as you continue to work but I hope that this was still super useful in just discussing the details of like what we have for these five main distributions that we use thank you all so much for watching be sure to leave a like and subscribe and also join the discord server down in the description below because we're gonna have a lot of fun and I will see you all in the next one bye bye