Welcome. Hello, everyone. I'm delighted to be here today on the LF edge summit ones. And I'm here with my co presenter Glenn darling. My name is John Wallachie. And we are really delighted you're joining our tutorial today. We've got a whole section on how to build and deploy AI workloads at the edge. We're going to talk about both open horizon the open source project as part of the LF edge. And then we're also going to build some actual containers and got containerized some workflows and will deploy to my Raspberry Pis behind me. So but the way we're going to structure this we're going to introduce you first to open horizon and Glenn will take you through that and then I'll take away take it away with some hands on demo Glenn go for it. Okay, cool. So I was part of the original development team of six engineers that built this software at IBM and then we open sourced it. So I'm able to answer the, you know, your deep technical questions if we have any of those and we'll get a little bit farther in. But now I have a business development role for our IBM version of the product. So what is open horizon. Well, it's fleet management for containerized software and data files, and it supports most kinds of standalone Linux hosts 512 megabytes of Ram and up and I actually sometimes deploy it on to Raspberry Pi one that only has 256 megabytes of Ram and it works just fine there but the workloads can't be very large. So we support x86 64 arm 32 v6 and above and arm 64, which is the v8 platform and we even support PPC 64 le and there's a, there's a group of folks who have made it run on a risk host as well but that's not been released yet risk five host. And we also support most types of Kubernetes clusters so you can either manage containers on a cluster or you can manage containers on standalone Linux hosts. So our very small 30 megabytes of Ram at runtime, fully autonomous agent runs on each of the nodes driven by the policy that you set for the agent. The agent does not bind or listen to any external ports. So you can completely firewall off the agent, just so that it can reach out to our management hub to, to find out things, nothing ever tries to connect directly to the agent. And all of the components in the system offer a rich set of rest API's. And we also provide a CLI for easy access. And new with the most recent release we have secret management, so you can securely deploy credentials to your edge machines using vault. And we have a secure device onboarding or SDO, which enables really zero touch install. All you have to do is connect the power and the network and walk away. You don't need to do any installation on the host at all yourself and the SDO software will reach out if you purchased an SDO device, it will reach out and we'll get all the race software and install itself and configure itself. We also support independent life cycles for your code and your data files so data files will that we were thinking about were these very large machine learning model files neural network model files. And so open horizon enables you to continue to run your neural network and update the model without any service downtime that can be using the old model and one inference and then it can switch over and use a new model and the next inference.  And of course open horizon is open source and its governance is under the Linux Foundation Edge project. There's a link there. And here's a QR code that you can use to hit that link. And, you know, IBM pays my salary so I have to talk about the IBM commercial distribution of open horizon. That's called IBM Edge application manager. And or I am lost focus there. And there's a link to it. It supports up to 40,000 nodes for management up and a node can either be one of those standalone Linux devices, or it can be an entire Kubernetes cluster as a single node. And of course we have 24 by seven by 365 support from IBM. And we also add a graphical web UI to complement the rest API since CLI that are available on a regular open horizon. And there's a QR code that you can use to hit IBM commercial distribution version. So just a quick peek at what the web UI of Edge application manager looks like you can hit node services patterns and deployment policies and interact with them create them visually on the web client. So let's talk about the architecture. It's based on Linux containers and it supports any Docker compatible registries repositories for these containers to live in. They are decentralized and the agents are fully autonomous, and they are untrusting. We use a zero trust model. And when I say decentralized. That word seems to be popping up in a few places now. So I want to clarify that. In fact, the original version that we built of this used only peer to peer technologies so we use the Ethereum blockchain for rendezvous and for agreement and bit torrent for transferring files and whisper for communication between the components. And we had no central components at all. It was completely decentralized the agents on the each notes talked to each other to arrange for software deployment. Now, to get greater scale we did add a central management hub, and we've kept it minimal there's many components in the management hub but they're all very small, and they each have a very focused role. So having small scopes of authority minimizes the risk of systemic compromise even if you were to compromise one of the components of the management hub you wouldn't be able to do very much with it. So we have a zero trust model we use certificates and encryption and cryptographic signing everywhere. And we really worked to preserve the privacy of the edge nodes and surprisingly even the IP addresses of the edge nodes are kept private in the system. And we allow independent life cycles for code and data like I mentioned, and to minimize human involvement. We use a zero ops approach or zero touch approach wherever possible. We want to be able to automate everything in this environment because when you have 40,000 nodes it's really difficult to get things right if a human is involved in the process. So you just state your intent, which we call policy, then the agents collaborate with the management hub components to make it real across your entire fleet of edge notes. So let's take a little bit closer look at open horizon, how does it work. We have an autonomous agent on each edge machine, or each cluster on each node in other words, and it will keep working, even when it's disconnected from the network. And so an example of that is if you are deploying a workload, and it keeps failing over and over, you can automatically roll back to an older version that you had running on that same note, even if the network is down. And you specify how you want that to work by creating rollback policies and there's quite a flexible language for defining multiple levels of rollback.  And let's talk about the management hub a little bit. It has a bunch of different components as I mentioned there's the exchange, which is really just a way to access the shared database of items that have been published into the system. And then we have the agreement robots, which we call agbots that collaborate with the agents and in that first version that we wrote of this agents and agbots are really just the same piece of software. And we now have the agreement robots in the management hub, but originally they were just in all of the individual nodes themselves. And the switchboard is a blind mailbox service that the agents and agbots use to talk to each other. And then there's the model management service this is the thing that enables the independent life cycles for the data files. And we have the secrets manager to securely distribute credentials and rendezvous server and this is optional. It can be used with the secure device onboarding and I'll talk about that in a moment. And then we have the web UI if you use the IBM version the graphical component. So let's see how the pieces fit together. So first of all, here's the exchange with all of those pieces I just itemized for you. And you need some Docker compatible container registry out there are multiple ones. And then you need some edge notes so here's an example edge node that is an SDO computer so if you purchase a computer that has the SDO the SDO software installed. Then it will come with an ownership voucher and the voucher and the SDO software are matched, and they have information about what rendezvous server to use, and they have a unique identifier for this particular host. And so when you purchase it it already is set up like this, and you just get the ownership voucher that goes along with the computer. And I'll talk about that how that works in a moment, or you can just take any other edge computer and then install our agent onto it. So there's a single script that you W get down onto your node, and then you run it, and it will install the agent and, and the ESS which is the part of the model management system which allows for those independent life cycles I was talking about. So let's take a look at a couple of typical onboarding scenarios for these two types of edge notes. So first of all the secure device onboarding or SDO. So with that, you begin by importing the voucher into the management hub exchange. And then once that has happened, the exchange will look inside the voucher at which rendezvous server it specifies. And then specify the one inside our management hub and this is usually only useful if you're creating your own SDO computer by installing the SDO software yourself manually, which some of our partners do. Normally though you would buy an SDO computer and would have its own rendezvous server from the manufacturer. In any case the exchange will reach out to whatever rendezvous server it is and register that voucher and say that this exchange is going to manage that node. Then, at that point you're already in all you need to do in the field is take that SDO computer and plug it in and connect it to the network. Once it comes up, the SDO software on board will reach out to the rendezvous server. And as I said before it could be a different rendezvous server doesn't matter the exchange will have spoken to the rendezvous server to give it the information. The rendezvous server then says, here is all the software you need to install. Here is how to configure it for this particular exchange and for your particular role that you're supposed to have a little computer in this environment. And so, at that point you have an agent that's registered and the ESS software as well. The agent will be working with the management hub to get the appropriate software installed for the role that you've designated using the policy that you designated for this device to come on board with. Now if you're doing manual onboarding, you need to somehow connect to the edge computer you can use the console if you connect the keyboard and monitor to the machine, or you can SSH over network to the machine. And then you configure your credentials in the shell, the Linux shell environment. And then you download and run the agent installed SSH script and the result of that will be the same as if you use the SDO onboarding software. So some notes about once you have a registered device, you can choose to register the device either with a deployment pattern, or a deployment policy there are two different mechanisms in open horizon. Policy is the underlying foundation of both and it's much more powerful, much more flexible, but patterns are simpler for beginners to use. So usually when people start we suggest that they use patterns, but you'll want to graduate to policy as soon as you're ready. And the policies that you set govern the autonomous agent's behavior. So the agent does everything that it does based upon the policies that you have set when you registered in and of course you can change the policies as well over time. So once you have your autonomous agent all registered it's got its policy. How is the software managed on these machines. Well, first of all let's note that the agent can be completely firewalled. So, there's no need to open any ports for access to the agent, the agent installs no port listeners on any external ports. It actually does install a listener on the loopback, the host loopback, which is convenient when you are executing commands there on the local host if you do connect to the host and want to do something, especially useful during development. But in production, the agent cannot be reached from the outside so there isn't even the possibility of somebody connecting to the agent to hack it. So the agent on the other hand always reaches out and it reaches out to the exchange it reaches out to the switchboard those are the two components that it talks to in the management tab. And they are both accessed on the same port 443 or the HTTPS port in the management hub. The AgBots which they're the same color as the agent here because as I mentioned earlier it's actually the same piece of software. The AgBots also reach out to the switchboard and the exchange from within the management hub. So some notes the agents make their own decisions about what software to run on their local hosts and they do that based on the policies that you set for them. All of the communications in this system are encrypted and the agents are only known by their public key when they when they create a switchboard for them. I mean a mailbox for themselves in the switchboard, they identify themselves only with their public key. And that's how the AgBots reach out to them using their public keys as their address. Also the the most important communications in the system the agent AgBot communications they have perfect forward secrecy, meaning that each individual message that sent is encrypted with a different key. And also only the agents and AgBots have the key the switchboard does not have the key at any time. So the switchboard cannot read or insert communications between the agents and the AgBots so even if you compromise the switchboard, you could disrupt communication but you cannot get the agent to run something that it did not think was appropriate. Also note that the agents each independently pull their images their container images from your set of Docker compatible registry one or more registries. And your containers, the data files that you deploy, and your deployment details and that's things like what ports your container is allowed to bind to what volumes it's allowed to bind into the container, whether it runs with various capabilities or privileges, whether it's able to access particular devices on the machine, all of those things containers the files and the deployment information are all cryptographically signed by the authors and I'll talk about that a bit later too. And then each agent independently verifies the checksums of the containers, the cryptographic signatures of the containers and their deployment information etc. Before they act to deploy any container. And the agent as I mentioned is able to fall back to old versions of your containers on failures, even if the network connection gets disrupted. When we designed this system, we were imagining an environment where these things are in the field, and they're going to have very unreliable network connections. Okay, I just want to add one more little detail before hopefully you're not falling asleep out there. So how to deploy software in an environment like this. So here's our developer. And she first of all has to containerize any software we only deal with containerized software so you use Docker build to build your container. Eventually you have to Docker push it to some Docker compatible registry and of course these can be secure registries that require a read token to access the image, or it could be a public registry like Docker help. Then when it comes time to put this software into open horizon, then the developer needs to cryptographically sign and publish it as a service in open horizon. And then, once the services been published, you can choose to use either software deployment patterns or software deployment policies to regulate the deployment of the software to which nodes in your large fleet of edge machines. And later, if you also want to use the model management system, you can use a similar mechanism to deploy your data files using the CSS which cloud sync service part of the model management service and cloud is a little bit of a misnomer there because the management hub, although it can be in any of the public clouds. It can also be on premise and disconnected from the internet. So in factory environments, for example, they often do not want to have an internet connection to some large percentage of factories will not allow an internet connection. And so the management of can live inside the factory in that environment. Okay, so there's a lot more to open horizon, of course, I left out all the cool stuff really. So learn some more about it so you can see why open horizon is better than the rest. And here's a quick summary agents are autonomous firewall driven by policies that you said, nothing ever initiates contact with agents agents always reach out to the management of agents are identified only by the public keys. So it's high privacy, all code, all data files, all deployment details, all cryptography signed. It's highly decentralized so it scales extremely well. And the agents can continue to function when disconnected from the hub and all of the comms even between the internal components in the management of by the way are encrypted. And the agent ag bot communications have perfect forward secrecy as I mentioned. And if you were able to compromise the management hub, you still cannot take control of the agents because they have the policy that you've set for them on board. So if a management hub reaches out and tells them to do something that violates their policy, they simply won't do it. Okay, so now it's about time to hand over to john to give us a actual hands on demo. So john, are you ready to take it away. Yes, I am Glenn really delight so thank you for the background so now we're going to dig in let me. I'm going to share my screen glade if that's if that's allowed up. I'll take control there. And hopefully you see that perfect. Yeah. Right so what are we going to do we're going to do an introduction to I am so the introduction to IBM Edge application manager. We're going to walk through the actual components that great that Glenn introduced you to. If you want to follow along these, these instructions are available in my public github. I just dropped that into the chat. It's github.com slash john walkie slash introduction to I am. And so let's just drive into that there so what we're going to do is we're actually going to install I am and open horizon the agent on two of the raspberry pies. Do you see my cluster behind me Glenn. I've got a little rack here at six different raspberry pies. They do a variety of things in my house control my sprinkler and, and so forth in my back door. I'm going to focus in on two of them so from the top there's a rack, I ordered them rack one through rack six. We're going to play with our rack one and rack five. They run different versions of our raspberry pie OS and fedora 34. What we're going to do is walk through the instructions and actually build a variety of the packages and install the, the agent on these systems. All right let's give that a try. But I also remember when Glenn started to talk about the open horizon management hub, and the differentiation that IBM adds on top of it we just we build a web user experience. I'm going to show you that so that everyone just move with that out of the way. I'm going to log into the IBM web console right so we've got in the IBM cloud running on red hat open shift a an instance here let me just pick one that I know is is interesting. I'm going to very quickly show you that. And then we're going to come back to that my actual raspberry pies okay. All right so you see here that I've got nodes and services patterns and policies. Glenn started to talk about each one of them and I'm going to dive in a little bit more, so that we can look at an edge node, some of my raspberry pies. Those are the services which are the containers for arm arm 64 Intel x86 power PC risk five is coming I heard Glenn that's pretty exciting. So those are the services those are the containers, we're going to put our AI workloads inside of the container and deploy them as services here. We're just fine a set of patterns and policies that tell I am in the open horizon management hub, where to which agents should run it based on a whole set of constraints and properties. So those are the four big sort of attributes that we're going to talk about today. So you see here that I have when I look in my nodes, I've got an arm 64 that's going to be rack five, an arm raspberry pi arm 34 sorry arm 32, that's going to be rack one. And then I also, at some point had installed my laptop x86 into this particular management console as well. And some of our raspberry pi so we're going to actually follow through with my instructions here we built this for coach just a couple of months ago. And it's a quick introduction to some of the commands that you're going to run on your edge node to manage configure them into the console. So architecture I think Glenn did a great job of introducing you to the ag bot and the exchange and the management service and SDO. We're going to push our containers to Docker hub, but in production I'm pushing most of my containers to private container registry services so IBM container registry service quay, the whole variety of them out there. And credentials, the, the agent, and the exchange will take care of all that for you. Okay. All right, let's get started. So I've already logged in here. I showed you a quick intro to the nodes and I showed you the patterns and the policies, but now we're going to go explore the edge. And so I have in my terminal on my Linux laptop. In the way you configure this, if you don't use SDO, you set a variety of environment variables and you'll see me. There I've got a variety of hdn horizon right hdn those are that's the CLI and we're going to run a bunch of CLI commands. I've already put them into my bash or C file, so I don't have to copy credentials around for you all. I'm going to use your as very pies. I've got them configured here. All right, so I've named my edge node. And if you see over here in the management console, when I go click on them. One is called JWM is my initial so pie for edge one that's the top one pie three edge five that's further down in my little cluster. One of them are unregistered one is registered they're not running any workloads yet, and we're going to actually deploy some of those workloads. Okay. All right, so the first thing we're going to do let's go put that in my buffer because I do want to install, I'm going to uninstall and then install it in here so let's go take a look rack five. You'll notice that it is running Raspbian or Raspberry Pi OS 64 sort of the beta. And it is an arm 64 image there that's the, I've already configured this into my exchange. I'm going to run the horizon node list command. You see the name I you saw that up in the console. The org is think it is not running any particular workloads we can run some workloads here. Important thing is it's an architecture we support multiple architectures with IBM Edge application manager and open horizon. Let's take a look here. Hopefully this is done. I was running a test in the background Glenn. I was hoping we can get this going, but if not, let's go and we're going to do a horizon unregister. Actually, I'm going to drop this to the top here, and I'm going to do a horizon unregister. I'm going to just whack the whole thing. Okay, so now we're, we're removing this particular edge node from the exchange, and we're going to reinstall it just hopefully I've got all my environment cleared, and we'll give that a try. The other one is sort of, what's it doing. I was building, I was building my work my Edge workload, and it was going slow. It is a Raspberry Pi, let's be honest. Alright, so now we're unregistered here. Let's, let's clear that screen again. And remember some my buffer so I'll paste it. I'm in the right directory here. And so now we're reaching up to the management console. You'll notice here I'm going to pull down a zip file with it has all the components on it. It's going to install it. If I had all the off tokens right, which I don't have on this particular one. I'm going to just do it here, Glenn. Clear. Oh, the fun of live demos. I know it's great fun. Unregister dash V R F E. And so we're going to do the same thing I had started to do that over on rack five I'm going to do it on rack one. So now I'm unregistering from the exchange. And I'm going to step through the registration of an edge node and run some of the commands. There we go. And so let's now CD into the right directory, like I was earlier, and let's do a paste. And you'll notice here what I'm going to do. I'm running the agent install. I'm reaching up to the CSS. And I'm going to by default install a little test pattern. It's called the IBM web flow test pattern. And so you'll see that run in a second. We think I was wondering why I was running so slow there. I'm just running I can go set up tokens here. Let's see, I think I've got them in a bash RC file. Yes, I do. Let's just see if I can source that reg to think. Excellent. Now let's go and run the age there we go. Yeah. I'm going to run the pattern and policy set. Yeah, so what I just got it while I do is I won't. I won't register the pattern. There we go. Both of them are now running Glenn. That's good. All right, so what we're going to see next as, as it installs the components, there's a new version of, did we talk about the open source project too much yet. To open horizon, because that's why we're here at the LF edge summit. And Yeah, open horizon is an LF edge project. Right. And you can see the various components there annex is the software that's used for both the agent and the egg bots. And the exchange API is the software that's used for both the switchboard and the exchange. And there's various other things that the examples repo has a whole bunch of just example workloads that we use to to deploy to show things working. And DevOps is our mechanisms for doing releases. And the edge sync services. The part of the model management system that lives on the edge device with the agent, and the SDO support software is the instructions and how to deploy the SDO core software onto an simulated SDO device if you wanted to do that for yourself. And it has the rendezvous server that that we run in the management. In case you want to use it normally people don't use the rendezvous server in the management hub. And actually even when I'm when I'm making a simulated SDO device I usually just point out to one of the manufacturers like until as Intel was original creator of the SDO software. So I just point out their rendezvous server doesn't matter any rendezvous server work. All right, let's go take a look at how we're doing on mine so I remember I'm running the agent install. And that's what's running on rack one on rack five. It looks like we've downloaded the packages. I don't know why everything is gone super slow for me. Watching, watching Netflix and no one is I sent everyone out to school. That's true working from home is always fun. Yeah so here's what we're going to do next so we're going to talk through what's going to happen. And so I just want to introduce to you to a couple of things so I throughout the little tutorial I actually exercise cans on keyboard, the various commands that I want you to sort of get experience with. So horizon version tells you what version of the agent you're running on your edge node. And then you saw that I can run the unregister so I can unregister myself from the exchange. So if I want to watch it configure a particular agreement so depending on my node and what my constraints and policies and properties are that exchange and the agent will determine the building agreement that says you should run this particular workload. So that's what you can list out with your agreement list. Yeah, to just to state that a little bit more precisely, the agbots inside the management hub will reach out and make a proposal to the agent on the inch nodes. And then the agent is the one that's going to decide what whether it runs or not based upon the policy that is existing existing on the agent. And then you can look at what agreements have been formed what agreements have been rejected by the agent. But generally speaking that the agbot knows the policy. And so the agbot only makes proposals that it's confident that the agent should accept the only thing that might stop the agent from accepting it is that it might not have had an updated policy or something and then that would just be a matter of time until it the next time it reaches out to see if its policy should be updated. This is what I expected Glenn we must add a pick up there. You'll notice when I said install the pattern it's now it installed the agent and configured it started it up. And now it is downloading the pattern IBM web hello hello world. And it's, it's now the agbot is proposing an agreement. And so there you see, we've started to establish that agreement there's a finalized. And now the service is being pulled down there's actually a container for web hello, and in just a moment it'll get started. It takes a minute for it to check the check some of the container and check its cryptographic signature and etc. And actually talk about that because when we build a container later, fingers crossed to the demo gods will will actually have to sign our container. And then, because we want to make sure that it's cryptographically the right container and we're going to put the details of that in in the exchange. Alright, so there, hopefully it's going to get started. Oh you all know that you can ask questions right in the chat. You're welcome to do that well we're watching the chat both Glenn and I off to the side. Yeah, chat and the Q&A. There we go. It's started. See how it's doing right fine is still stuck. We're only able to see a portion of your windows. It's off at the bottom. Yeah, there's that better. Yeah. Oh, I guess it's the, yeah, it's the bar, the toolbar at the bottom of the zoom is covering it up. I thought it was, I thought it was your end, but it's my end. Yeah. Okay, so here we got that's a success. Great. So now we can do an horizon agreement list. And you see that I've got a, the web hello, the hello world pattern is now running. And if I do a Docker I'll do a clear just so that you'll see my do a Docker PS. The appropriate container for arm now running on my Raspberry Pi. All right, so that's, you can do a Docker. You could look at the output from that container if you wanted to. Yeah, we're going to get to that in a moment Greg Glenn. We're going to use a horizon node list. And let's go take a look. We've got our, our Raspbian pipes a pie for rack one, it is running the arm architecture. And we've got ourselves a pattern that's active. So those are the types of things that we can pull out of node list. All right, let's go keep taking a look here. There's always web horizon help. If you guys get stuck, you can do that. Actually, let's also mention that any horizon command, like even a partial command, like the next command John has done there of hdn exchange service list, you can at any point in the typing that like hdn exchange service. You can put a minus h after that, and it'll give you help that's context sensitive to whatever part of the command that you're in. And there's also a man entry for hdn installed so you can go man hdn to get details there as well. Just, yeah, useful tricks. So let's drop our next command in here. So this is horizon exchange service list. So we want to see all of the containers all of the services that are available in my management hub. And you'll notice that there's a mix here there is x86. RPC. There are some arm containers there's arm 64 containers. So we've got, we're not confined by a singular architecture, we can build edge for our edge it can be a whole variety of architectures. Someday in the near future Glenn I'm hoping we see risk five years well. So, I should note though that this is not all of the services in the management hub it's just all of the services in the IBM organization in the management hub. So, actually, we should probably change that name, but it, the IBM org is the one where all of the publicly usable services go. So everything that we publish as an example goes into the IBM org. In open horizon, but each individual user of open horizon is part of an organization so you know if I was ABC company I might be in org ABC and there might be, you know, 20 users in org ABC, and I could say it's an exchange list and not specify IBM slash and I'd see all the services that are available in the ABC work. And of course I could also publish with public equals true my service to make it available to other organizations besides the organization I'm in so you know if a company had multiple organizations that might be a useful thing. You know it's a multi tenant system so you know there can be many orgs and in one of the management hubs that we are using right now. I think john you're using this one as well there's 50 different organizations currently for various different companies or various different departments within our company. Correct. Alright so the next command I wanted to exercise for everyone is the horizon exchange pattern list, and I said that IBM. And so you're, these are some of the example patterns that you saw the examples directory. We've got a number of examples there's a whole world that we're running that one already. And one that just exercises the secrets manager, the management model management service event streams. You'll see here different architectures now for our Intel x86 and arm arm 64. So, while we're looking at that list actually can you bring it back up again just for a second. So, I've mentioned a couple of times in the talk that we also support various Kubernetes clusters as nodes. So when you deploy to a Kubernetes cluster, what you have to deploy is an operator so you use the operator SDK to create an operator instead of creating a. And operators are very powerful tools that enable you to exercise any of the features of Kubernetes so like scaling redundancy, you know, fail over of the entire service. All of those kind of features can be built into your operator if you, you know, you need to have mobility of your service from one node to the next or whatever that kind of thing. You can deploy an operator as a service if it's a cluster node. And so those operator ones we can't deploy on this Raspberry Pi because it's not a cluster. And the same thing we can't deploy just a simple container on to a cluster you have to deploy operators on to the cluster. Right. All right, so let's, we're going to run out of time here going on. Let's keep it. Horizon exchange deployment list policy. So let's, let's just talk about that for a second because deployments. And you'll notice I'll just clear my screen here that we're just in my particular management hub. I don't have any deployment policies. And so you'll just get up an empty array here but if we were to scale this, we would certainly define a whole set of policies. Now interesting about a policy is you can run multiple policies on a machine, whereas you can only run one pattern on an edge note. All right, let's go jump over back again scroll down was now remember you were asking about logs. Let's go take a look at the event log. The event log is the log of the agent, but I was talking about the log of the container itself, but whatever. Yeah, so I could do a Docker dash F on that on Docker logs. Yeah. But that's just normal Docker commands I was really focused on the horizon commands. Okay, gotcha. If I, if we can go there let's just do it. I'll do a clear just so that folks. Yes. And then I can do a Docker logs dash F on 311 here. And every couple of seconds it echoes web hello world. Yeah, it's not a very exciting example. Yeah, and now we've containerized AI models. We're, you know, we've got a lot of different different ones there. All right, so let's, so we've got another one that we're going to actually build interactively here and I went, Glenn, Glenn, you've got one here is called the web hello. And so I get cloned into my repos my local Raspberry Pi here, and I cd into that directory. Of course I can want to do a Docker login because I'm going to push it up to Docker hub. Okay. And then the next thing I'm going to do is jump over to that directory here. And let's do a clear and an LS. So it looks like you've got a Docker file. That's going to define what the container looks like a make file ago build it. You've got a Python script that's probably going to execute the little web server web hello. Let's go take a look at the Docker file itself I was just playing with that. Alpine was giving me trouble earlier. And so I switched over to a bunch do. And so I'm going to do a app get update and install. And then I'm going to install flask as our little web server. And then we're going to execute. We're going to copy our web hello Python script into it. And then that that will be our web server. Okay. There's a problem with Alpine right now that your host needs to have the libsec comp up to date, or it won't work with Alpine. Yeah, what's with that man. I just found that out like two hours ago. Yeah, well that that's been a problem with Alpine for about six months now. All right, so our little web hello server, it starts up a flask hello it's and it's going to echo to looks like you got some HTML here it says web hello. And then it grabs the IP address of the requester, and it's going to respond with the IP address back to the that. That's what it does. Whatever your client IP addresses. Yeah. Yeah, it looks pretty simple. Cool. Let's go take a look at the make file next. The eye on the make file. And I needed to do a couple of little massages here because they want to push it to my Docker hub. Those are the credentials I had so I dropped in. Wally key. And then I wanted us, make sure that the container I built is unique so I did a little dash Wally key and I. And they also made sure I have the right architecture and the right pattern. So I've customized the first five lines of this make file and everything else is the same looks like you've got a make build it does a Docker build on the make build file and you've got a stop. And here you this was interesting here, you push to Docker hub and then there's a number of horizon commands here let's go explore these two. So we're going to do an exchange horizon exchange service publish. And that's going to sign the container. We're going to make sure that we know we just in our little service JSON file which is has a couple of properties in it. We're going to make sure that it's now available in our web console. And then we're going to publish the pattern those are the two big ones are this. And then we're going to run it at the bottom here we're going to actually do an agent run we're going to actually register this edge node to run that pattern which we just built. All right, so that looks cool thank you for putting that together for us. And so let's do it fingers crossed because it wasn't working earlier. So let's just do a clear, and we'll do a make, make build. And so, from a bunch to 1804, I've got update I've got install Python install flask. Yeah, so you were. Yeah, you changed the base image so you change what software is in there so this is probably not a great example. Yeah, not a great example. Let's just walk through here. Remember, we had a, when we sign our, our container. We need signing keys. And so we have to generate the some signing keys. Now on a Raspberry Pi takes a little while does a little bit of entropy on that. What essentially what it does is it creates two little of the public key and the private key. And then we're going to do a make build, which is failing to make push, and then a public service, and then a publish pattern. And then we're going to unregister our, our node so it's not running that whole little world anymore. And then we're going to, we would have run the, the container actually on that particular node here. All right. And then it tested out there's a big test. The other thing we can do let's go see how we did here. We're finished to download on the other one. I don't know why, but we're sort of stuck on that Glenn, but I wanted to, to just encourage everyone over in my, my window here is to go and let's do a little tour of, of it here. Let's jump over to services. And remember I had a whole variety of test services as web hello, a lot of different architectures arm arm 64 Intel and power PC. And I built two of them already for, for other architectures. That's kind of cool patterns. Let's jump over to patterns. And event streams and there's all variety of those and policies we don't have very many policies. So we've made the web console nice and easy so you don't have to memorize too many of the open source CLI commands that was important. If you're planning to learn more about open horizon. I know Glenn you've got some closing slides which we can, we can turn to pretty soon. If you go to open horizon.org or open horizon. There we go. That one. We've got some nice documentation and quick starts here as well. You've got some nice videos. You can go and build the open source project. You can get the exchange up and running. There's an all in one by just grabbing the all the one you don't obviously need open shift and IBM cloud. If you just want to play with the open source project so really fun, fun way to this obviously downloads a number of containers to your system. All right, Glenn, you want to take away and do some closing remarks. Yeah, sure. We'll stop sharing. Let's go back over here. Out of the way here. I really hate the way that happens. How do I start this playing? Oh, well, we can just go in like this. Okay, and I'll close these windows. Oh, now it's moved and I can hit play from start. I hit the way that zoom puts that little toolbar right over top of the menu of the application so you can't actually execute off. I push it off to the side right away. It's not possible to do that for me. There's no nothing to grab on to maybe I can grab on that. Okay. Now I need to stop that and go back up here to play from current slide. Okay, so, oh, no, that's wrong slide. Sorry. It got jumped to the front. I want to go back down here to this slide and there we go. Okay, so there's LF edge channel on YouTube. And there's a playlist there full of technical deep dives and various technical topics and some more detailed flow animation showing the communication between the different components so you can see how secure it is. There's a QR code that points to that playlist. Next, there's a dozen videos there and all of them I think from light introductions and lots of hands on doing similar kinds of things to what john was doing here today to show you how to actually walk through the steps of doing it yourself. And this is the link that john just showed you and there's the source code link, and there's two different repositories that contain example programs as well. And if you want to reach out and communicate with the open horizon team, you can use the matrix messaging system LF edge just recently switched away from Slack to use matrix and that URL gate there need to create your own account and you can sign up and start talking to us there and of course, you've also got my email address and john's email address on the screen here as well. So, with that, I'll stop sharing. Yeah, Glenn I just so I just fixed up that you'll notice that the very end here my make bill just finished. So that was kind of awesome let's do a make push, and I'm going to push that container up to Docker hub. And, and so now I've just built that, that little Python flask container I had a, you know as I edited my Docker file there was, I was hacking it to use a bunch of. All right, so now we've got that published up to Docker hub. It's not the smallest because I switch from Alpine to 180 megabytes. Yeah, as opposed to probably eight megabytes for Alpine. Right. Well, here we go. But the next step is going to be a make publish service. And we'll we'll run that next, just so everyone sees oh we could take questions to while this is running Glenn. Does anyone is interested in asking us about open horizon or some of the. Don't see any questions. Does anyone want to raise their hand. I don't see any hands raised either. We wish you were doing this in person for sure. Next time. Yeah, in person is a lot better. 125. Come on. Raspberry Pi. All right. Amen to this. Okay. Can't make my upload go any faster. There we go. All right, then make publish services my next command. Cool. Make publish service. Do you already do a key create command? I had already. Yes, I had already done. I remember I talked about it. Yeah. I already had it takes a that takes a while on a Raspberry Pi as well. It does. But you can use existing key if you have one, but you can also make HCN key create or create your cryptographic signing key for you. Yes, if you have an existing one, you can use that instead. I remember unregister dash V.  And I'm going to start this one. And I'll just do this on a clear here. Let's just clear my screen over that I'll finish. So it's tearing down the agreement for the old one should pick a faster device. But I moved to the Pi four is going to be a little bit faster. There we go. All right, now we're going to do a make agent run.  So it doesn't wait around a lot like it does by default. You can configure normally because we want to be able to hit 40,000 nodes on a management. But if you're doing a smaller number, you can tell the agent to pull, you know, instead of once every minute or whatever it is, by default, you can have it, you know, every 10 seconds. So that that speeds up the interactivity of it. And also, you know, you're using a very large image for the example here. So, you know, it takes a certain amount of time to download 300 megabytes. And if you, you know, best practice for work on the edge is to use a smaller base image like a busy box or alpine or. Yeah, for sure. Or even there's a there's a small version of Ubuntu and there's what they call Ubuntu core. And that's a bit smaller as well. There's a few more things. Let's so we see here that we've got ourselves now a pattern that's there. There's our Web Hello, Python Wallachy, and it's running a service for ARM. And it is now running on if I go and jump over to there. Jump off of patterns over the services. And let's just do the list view. And we see that it's looks good. There is our, our container. Now, let's so now we know it's running here we can do a Docker PS. Let's do there it is. Let's do a clear again. And we're going to do a make test. I remember was it make test file. 8000 we should have exposed it on toward 8000. Okay. Anyway, so that is there we was glad to see it running though Glenn right. All right. If you all want to follow us along, I'm available on GitHub and also on Twitter. So follow me on Twitter. And so find me there. That's kind of fun. I think we're going to close off here any other questions before we drop. We can come off mute if you want to come off mute you can we can unmute you that's for that's for sure. All right, we want to thank everyone for joining LF edge summit and our deploy IBM edge application manager AI workloads. Be safe. Hopefully we see you next year. Bye. Thanks for joining.


The narcissist wants you to sacrifice your life for them. The narcissist is self-absorbed, they only care about themselves. Anything good they do for you is for them to obtain narcissistic supply. They will do good things for you if it means that they can have further power and control over you, or you will give them more attention and validate them. They will do good things for you in public so that they can obtain attention and validation from other people too. It supports their image of being a good person or a hero. But the sad truth is, the narcissist is self-absorbed. There will be an agenda behind anything good they do for you. They do not care about anyone except themselves. The narcissist expects you to give up on your life, leave your desires, dreams, interests, friendships, relationships, career, whatever it is, just leave it all behind and forget about it. Focus on what the narcissist wants. Be a follower and a watcher of their dream and forget about your own needs. The narcissist expects you to do this voluntarily. They will make it clear verbally that you need to focus on what they are doing or what they want for you, rather than what you want for yourself. They will tell you your dreams are not good enough, your interests are a waste of time, your friendships or relationships will be devalued, or the narcissist will label them as a threat to what you share together. They will create fly monkeys and smear campaigns to sabotage any dreams, friendships, relationships, or career you have. The narcissist is the star of the show. Any attention or validation you might receive becomes a threat to them. You must be below them at all times. You must not have any superior desires, dreams, interests, friendships, relationships, or career to what they have had. Because any time you do becomes a reminder where the narcissist did not progress as well as they had wanted to. The narcissist expects you to forget about your desires and your dreams. None of that is important. Only the narcissist's desires and dreams are important. And you should feel privileged to watch them live their lives and live out their dreams. You do not need to achieve anything great because anything great you achieve isn't going to provide the narcissist with any attention or validation. You are going to steal the spotlight from them and then the narcissist will feel inferior to you. You will become a reminder of where they have failed or where they haven't progressed or succeeded as well as they had wanted to. If the narcissist did decide to assist you in reaching your true desires and dreams, you will become a major threat to them.  The narcissist will never assist you in reaching your true desires or dreams. If they did that, they would then lose their power and control over you. You would be independent and no longer need them. And that is the last thing the narcissist wants. They want you to be dependent on them for the rest of their lives.  They will no longer need you, but they will do their best to set you up for failure after they are gone. It is very pleasurable for a narcissist to know that you will never be able to amount to anything solely because of their actions and influence on you. The narcissist wants to leave you so mentally and sometimes even physically screwed up that you will never be good enough for anyone or anything after they are gone. They will abuse and manipulate you to the point where you can't just forget about it and move on with your life. Their abuse will leave you with all kinds of physical and mental complications. You will be emotionally destroyed. And that's exactly what they want. So you can't simply move on and find a relationship partner. You can't have a friend or someone you can trust. You can't start a new job.   You don't know what you need to do, to create the life you really want because they never taught you any of those things. They intentionally kept that information from you. Yes, they had the tools you were looking for all along and they knew that you needed them. They didn't give them to you because they do not want the best for you. They just told you that to make you stick around because they know all too well that if you realise they do not want the best for you and move on then maybe you actually could create the life you really want. Narcists are indeed like emotional murderers. They murder our true selves and then we have to try to get back to who we were. We have to remember what our true identities were. We have to remember what our true desires and dreams were. And then we have to figure out how we are going to get back to our true selves and how we are going to accomplish everything we originally wanted but our plans and desires must be kept away from the Narcists at all times. You cannot let them know what your plans or desires are because the last thing they want is for you to move on and be happy. The last thing they want is for you to achieve your goals and live a satisfying and fulfilling life because they never got to do that and you doing that will just become a reminder of everything they never got to do. There is nothing more painful and frustrating to the Narcist than a person who has suffered a lifetime of severe abuse and yet still smiles and is genuinely happy because no matter how much the Narcist abuses you no matter how much they obtain in life or how many fly monkeys they enforce they will never feel genuinely happy or satisfied with their lives so they will do everything they can to destroy you.  Your desires, dreams, career, potential relationships, friendships, finances and any other interests you may have all of their excessive efforts to do this comes from their own insecurities and inferiority complex. They feel intense hate, anger, envy and jealousy towards you. Now I would like to go specifically into narcissistic parents who want you to sacrifice your life for them. If your parents didn't teach you anything about life survival, educational sex they didn't help you with your homework, other interests or getting into work. These are clear signs of a narcissistic parent. The narcissistic parent doesn't put much time or effort into looking after or helping their children. They don't care. They just leave them to figure everything out on their own and this often causes them to make a lot of mistakes before they realise what is right and what is wrong. They are not taught about anything throughout their childhood. So how are they supposed to know? If you also have no family or friends around you to support you and tell you what is right and what is wrong how are you supposed to know? So they go through life on their own. Not paying attention in school, not doing their homework. They grow up not knowing anything in life. By the time they start to figure things out and mature emotionally they will be in their late teens or early twenties. They will have made many mistakes by this time which they are now having to learn from. Many of them end up in prison or having children at a very young age. Some end up with no job or even homeless. And everyone looks at them as though there is something wrong with them or they are bad people. When they were never taught how to create their life for their own they were never taught anything. They have lost their way in life. Due to their narcissistic parents abuse, neglect, wrong teachings or the bad example they have set. Narcistic parents are not good role models but as children we naturally look up to them and try to emulate their behaviour. We think that what they are doing is right but the narcissistic parent shows you everything you should not do. Some of them will intentionally guide you to make these mistakes yet you will still be expected to take full responsibility and accountability for everything that went wrong. Although everything that went wrong or whatever you have done is due to the narcissistic parents teachings abuse or neglect they are looking at you as though they have never seen this behaviour before the narcissistic parent sees everything that has gone wrong in your life all of them is fortune or difficult decisions you have made and they say oh you are copying me that's what that was wait no you must have been copying someone else I never did any of that I never taught you that you are imagining it you are in this on your own you caused all of this you are a bad person and you think to yourself how could they possibly blame me I followed every teaching every instruction every word to the point where I don't even know who I am anymore but the narcissist cannot accept any responsibility or accountability for your mistakes even if they were the main influence in your life even if they did teach you everything you know they will blame shift they will project any guilt or shame onto you the narcissistic parent looks at their child as a sacrifice you become their sacrifice so that they can obtain their narcissistic supply by watching you suffer they feel deeply gratified by destroying your life and watching you suffer the consequences the narcissistic parent feels good when they look down at you and what you struggle in life it makes the narcissistic parent feel like they are powerful and in control they are above you and you will never be as great as them they need to feel this way because they have an inferiority complex they are insecure regardless of what they display to you on the surface or in public if this was not true they wouldn't need to abuse or manipulate anyone they wouldn't need to put you beneath them they only have this desire because they are envious of you they are envious of your youth even when you are very young they are still envious of you because they are anticipating the future and how you could progress how great you could be in the future the narcissist looks back through their past and remembers their own personal struggles every obstacle every calamity so now they want you to suffer the same thing or worse this is why narcissists should never have children you have a child you should want their lives to be better than yours this is the natural desire that we have we should have for them and not just them anyone in life you should always wish the best for them if you are wanted to see them down and beneath you that really says a lot about you as a person the narcissist is all good with everyone else other than the victim they will be around people equal to them or greater and act all humble inside believing that they are superior to that person if a person is too superior for the narcissist to handle they will not want to be around them the narcissist will only be around certain people for a short amount of time if they believe that they are equal or superior to them because this is a reminder to them that they are not as great as they think they are they like to stay close to their their victim whether it's a child or someone else someone who is easy to abuse and manipulate someone who is easy to take advantage of so that they can bring them down and then feel better about themselves once the narcissist has put you beneath them they feel more superior but the reason why they do this is because they are weak themselves if you are strong and secure you have no reason to put anyone beneath you if you already believe that you are at the top they want you to be stuck with them and their abuse until their lives are over they cannot live without the gratification attention validation and approval illusion of power and control which is their narcissistic supply and that comes from you they do not care if you get hurt in the process they would prefer that you do not die because if you die then so does their narcissistic supply but if you get killed in the process then that's how it's going to have to be narcissistic supply to a narcissist has more value than any human being they will lie compulsively they will emotionally abuse you they will do whatever they can to hurt you and sabotage any progress that you might otherwise make they want you to be so hurt that you can never get back up it makes them feel so powerful to toy with your life how can they do this how can they be so evil their motive comes from the fact that you are a reminder of everything they are not everything they wish they could be your youth plays a big part in it they wish they could be young young again and have another go at life but they can't so after all of this abuse and manipulation they inflicted on you over the years it reaches a point where they want to destroy this reminder they don't want to be presented with the truth and they don't want you to share the truth with anyone else they want everyone to think that you are the problem you are the bad person the best way to avoid all of this is if you never open your eyes again this is the ideal ending for them that way they have no questions to answer to anyone the most painful thing for the narcissist is to see their victim getting back up after they did everything they could to destroy them and then to see them progress find someone real and genuine love again for them someone who will give them everything the narcissist did not and was never capable of although they always future faked and made you believe that something great was always around the corner that is the the narcissist worst nightmare the narcissistic parent is in competition with their children and the narcissistic parents mind it is an accomplishment to be better than your child an old parent will desire for their child to be better than them in every way if every parent in history always desire to be better than their child where would we be today we would be going in a downward spiral forever until we are all extinct this is the reason why evolution has given us desire to want our children to be better than we are our children must be better than us so that the human race can grow to become better and stronger in every way each generation should become superior to the last not worse off surround yourself with good positive people people who are like minded people who will not believe the bs the narcissist try to create we all know about their fly monkeys and smear campaigns but remember god has created us to enjoy genuine communication with others it's a shame that there is so much negativity and hate in the form of the narcissist who acts as an obstacle to us enjoying our lives but you cannot let that prevent you from living your life life is meant to be enjoyed not endured so avoid anyone who makes you feel as though you must endure your life just to please them these are not good people i'm most likely narcissists i hope that you have enjoyed this video and i will talk to you in another one very soon


Despite common misconception, birdwatching is no doubt an exciting pastime. For many, it's a lifelong passion. Unlike some other hobbies, birding requires tremendous patience, as any beginner would likely admit, and keen observation. But I'd argue it is one of the most rewarding experiences. I see birdwatching as an opportunity to commune with nature. To me, it's humbling to acknowledge I share a planet with such magnificent creatures, and in this way, belong to something greater. But you don't have to go to the Wyoming Woodlands to chance a town-send solitaire. Depending on where you live, you can start birdwatching from the comfort of your own backyard. Texas is native to several species, the American Robin, Blue Jay, Cedar Waxwing, House Finch, Red-tailed Hawk, Northern Cardinal, among many others, they're all commonly spotted in residential areas. I like a lot of large, wading birds, such as the Great Egret and the Great Blue Heron. The untrained eye is easy to get the two confused, so allow me to provide a brief description of them. Egrets and herons belong to the same family. The Ardea die. Texas has over 10 species of heron, which includes the American Vittern, Black Crown Knight Heron, Cattle Egret, Great Blue Heron, Great Egret, Snowy Egret. While their migratory patterns vary with each species, they tend to nest close together in a phenomenon known as a rugury. Herons and egrets feed on fish, insects, and other small mammals, like mice. Since we established what they have in common, let's focus on a few key differences. For this example, I'll compare the Great Blue Heron to the Great Egret, which isn't to be confused with the Great White Heron. I'll try to avoid an exhaustive list. First, the Great Blue Heron has long, gangly legs, a sinuous neck, and yellow spear-like bill. It hunts with its neck erect. In flight, the Great Blue Heron folds its neck in an S shape. Notice how the Heron rests its head on its shoulders whenever it roost. The Great Blue Heron has broad shoulders and a wide wingspan. It stands at four feet tall. You can identify the Great Blue Heron by its white crown, gray blue back, white breast, and distinctive streaks above its eyes. Its plume gives it a shaggy appearance. Both sexes have similar coloration. The Great Blue Heron is known for being a quiet, solitary bird, but if excited, you can hear it let out a harsh, deep croak. A disturbance can cause it to squawk, too. Herons are most vocal on breeding grounds. In spring, the Great Blue Heron will breed in colonies called Heronese. As mentioned, the Great Egret is a type of Heron. In fact, the Great Egret has a similar build to the Great Blue Heron. Additionally, the Great Egret has a long, curved neck, much like its larger counterpart. However, upon close inspection, it's clear the Great Egret is different in appearance. You can distinguish an Egret from an Heron thanks to its pristine white plume. It has a slender body and slim shoulders. When in flight, the Great Egret tucks its neck in an S shape. But when it wades through the water, if something catches its interest, the Great Egret will extend its neck upright like a crook. From a distance, its stalky black legs resemble reeds. It stands at just over three feet tonight. The Great Egret hunts with its dagger-like bill, which it uses as a spear, striking its prey in one quick motion. With regards to its voice, the Egret makes a low, hoarse croak. They are especially vocal during breeding season as well. In both cases, males are the first to arrive at the breeding grounds. When it comes to the Great Egret, males will build a nest, gathering sticks and twigs before it pairs with a mate. It usually finishes with the arrival of a female. As for the Great Blue Heron, once a male arrives at a nest site, it will court passing females. Males will collect pine needles, dry grass, and small twigs, usually found around the nest site. Females will, in turn, leave a platform constructing a nest. Both the Great Blue Heron and the Great Egret are seasonally monogamous, meaning they pair with one partner each breeding season. They will sometimes nest close together in breeding colonies. Colonies can consist of numerous individual nests. Now, at this point, you might ask, what does this have to do with anything? To which I say, it's important to not only recognize these birds, but understand how we can impact them with human activities like development. These birds have nested over at the Brackenridge Park for the past two decades. Due to human activity forcing many to migrate elsewhere, a larger number of them have relocated to the Brackenridge Park, roosting in the trees. But because of the overwhelming bird population, their feces has become a problem. As it causes algae to bloom in the San Antonio River, negatively affecting the water quality and threatening biodiversity. In response, the city has taken several measures to deter these birds from roosting there. As one writer at Express News explains, the city is, quote, removing old nests, clearing underbrush, and opening the tree canopy by removing dead wood. It also is hiring workers to stress the birds with unpleasant noises and lights, such as pyrotechnics and clappers. Their toolkit also includes effigies, balloons, and drones. To further complicate the situation, a number of these birds, such as the cattle egret, are federally protected under the Migratory Brewer Treaty Act. In addition to chapter 64 of Texas Parks and Wildlife Code, which Vivian Lopez, a contributor from now CASTSA, writes, prevent the birds from being killed, possessed, commercialized, or distributed at breeding grounds. Naturally, the city's dispersal efforts sparked outrage among environmental activists, especially as the city of San Antonio campaigned for the removal of 77 native trees and actions since delayed. It's a multifaceted issue with no clear solution. It's important to acknowledge these birds play an essential role in the ecosystem. Now it's easy to forget how human activity can negatively impact the environment, whether it be overfishing, habitat loss, poaching, or more broadly climate change, with the emission of greenhouse gases and deforestation. Even on a local scale, our behavior can have a tremendous impact. With a continual and concerted effort, we can initiate positive change around the community. The problem is, most people are unaware. Again, it's a complicated issue. So for now, we will have to wait and see what happens. We can debate the ethics of the situation for hours. But, I'd like to leave you on this note. What a shame it'd be that, if because of our behavior, these birds one day go extinct, constantly pushed from one place to the next, unable to adapt to the rapid changes.


All right. Hey, good morning forces command. This command is our major Todd Sims coming to you from lovely Fort Hood, Texas I'd like to say thank you first of all to three core for hosting this event And I'd like to also thank 3 cr for putting on an outstanding physical fitness event this morning It was great to see these nine squads out here crushing it stay tuned I'll be coming to you daily to give you an update on how everything's going and good luck to our nine squads freedoms guardian


So, to start the discussion, we're going to start with Isabelle, who will give us a round-up of this election year. So, we have a good grasp of what is happening. 44 countries are going to have either a new president or a new parliament who also have elections in Europe. So, it's something that is quite extraordinary. 2024 will be an incredible year regarding the elections organized absolutely everywhere in India, the biggest democracy in South Africa, in Iran, Brazil, Nigeria, Taiwan, Russia, maybe in Ukraine, and of course, in Europe with European elections. And a new essay, of course. My question would be, I mean, I will try to understand if all this election will be a continuity or a break-up regarding the major geopolitical trends we've seen these last years in the world. My guess is that it will be continuity. I mean, except the USA elections, most of the elections in the world will have, I mean, the results will have a very low impact on the geopolitical trends we are viewing today. Russian election, it's, I mean, no suspense. Iran election, very few suspense. Belarusian, the same thing. I mean, the majority of the autocratic regime will organize themselves to win the election. Coming to the democratic countries, even if the power, the BGP in India is challenged, there's a few chance that geopolitical, that the foreign policy of India, which is based on the multi-alignment, will be changed. Even which is not, for example, which is not at the moment the most probable, even if in Taiwan, the DPP loses the election. And if the opposition, which is asking for an appeasement politics toward China, even if they win, and I could just come back from Taiwan three days ago, it's not what is expected. You will not see from one day to another Taiwan just becoming again in the China area. The important elections have already been organized in 2023. In Europe, it's Poland and Slovakia, which has changed their political drive. And also Turkey with a reconduction of Erdogan.  And the perspective is, if Trump is re-elected of big consequences, first, on the help to Ukraine, and second, on the future of NATO. But even that is not true, because can we really expect Donald Trump to sell off the future of the western world by cutting from one day to another the help to Ukraine? I'm not really sure. My point would be that even if Trump is re-elected, is elected, is coming back next year in Washington, it will, I mean, this election will be only an accelerator to the trends, the geopolitical trends, which still exist. And these trends are not at all in favor of the western world. If you liked 2023, you will definitely love 2024, because on the menu we have the generalization of the use of force, which month after month is replacing the rule of law. We'll have the continuing of the collapse of the international order from 1945, and with it the international institutions, which were a guarantee for peace, like UN, and also the disarmament treaty. We'll also have new challenges to the western world, the continuing of the decrease of democracies, and the augmentation of the autocracies. We'll have the continuation of the split of the world in two parts, not camp but part or much more family. One is the south global and the other is the global north. And whatever the election, the result of the election will be in India, in South Africa, in Russia. Even in the States, this will continue and will be boosted. So for me, as a western journalist traveling all around, more than the elections, the determining influence on the geopolitical trends in 2024 will be who is going to win the war between Russia and Ukraine, and secondly, what will be the consequences of the war between Israel and Hamas. And meanwhile, waiting for the next international order with new rules that everybody will have to work on. The previous one will continue to collapse and will have more crisis to come in this world which is becoming a jungle. One may be the crisis between Taiwan and China, others could happen in the Balkans and of course in Africa. I will end by a sentence of Joe Biden yesterday with having a conversation with the president of Chile and here's what he said. In my view, there comes a time, maybe every six to eight generations, where the world changes in a very short time. Here we are and I think what happens in the two or three years are going to determine what the world looks like for the next five or six decades. Okay, thank you so very defining moment, but not especially coming from the elections, as you said, because the most important ones were this year, Poland, Slovakia, of course. Nevertheless, there's the big one next year that everybody's looking at and it's 2024.


and thank you for joining us on ThinkText Connecting Hawaii Business. My name is Kathleen Lee with Kathleen Lee Consulting and I am your host for today. So on our show we are going to talk about sorry throw that little pot there COVID-19 and early inmate releases and our guest today is Nick Lindblad but before I go into his introduction if you do have any live questions that you would like to send us you can send it to questions at thinktechhawaii.com. Now with that being said let me go ahead and introduce Nick Lindblad. Hey Nick thanks for being on the show today. Hey how's it going? So tell us about yourself. Tell you about me well I'm a local boy first and foremost born and raised in Honolulu. I'm a townie and a lot of times when people ask like you know about yourself what they really mean is oh what high school you went and then they make all kinds just judgments right but I went St. Louis born and raised here. I've been a bail bondsman licensed since 2004. I'm a second generation bail bondsman my dad actually is a 40 plus year bail agent so I've been working here in Hawaii. I run A1 bail bonds and yeah the mission is just to fight the good fight and help people get out of custody and then guarantee that they return to court for the court appearances. And going back to basics what are bail bonds Nick? What are bail bonds? Okay so um a bail bond is an insurance based product or service it's a way to get out of custody through posting a bond. So what that means is I could basically just post a bond get somebody out of custody and then as long as they go to court everything is all good. Now there's several different ways to get out of custody. First and foremost and I think the best way is if you have the financial means it's just to post the cash. So if you have a bail for maybe $500 because you got a DUI on a three-day weekend. Most people they have a third party or they themselves post the $500 cash it gets them out of custody and then at the end of their case which is usually about a year you'll get your money back. The court will hold that money as an incentive to secure your appearance in court. Once you're done with court you get your money back that's how you get out through just posting cash that's like the ideal way for those who have the means. Now say you don't have the cash and say your bail is set to something way higher like $10,000. If you have like a really big bail you could instead if you don't have the $10,000 which most people don't you could instead hire a bail bondsman to post a bail bond for that $10,000 amount. However there's a catch there's two things that we require. First a co-signer that means somebody to sign and guarantee that the person goes to court and then we also charge a fee which is not returned to you. That fee is typically 10% of the amount of the bail so $10,000 bond means $1,000 fee. Then there's the free ways to get out but you have to qualify. If you have like a perfect record it's clean and then you're accused of a crime that's really nominal maybe like a misdemeanor you can just get let out on your own reconnaissance or ROR release on your own reconnaissance that's like ideal because there's no real conditions that you have to adhere to besides the basic ones like hey return to court and don't take off to another place and not return and then the trade-off is there's conditions and they vary if you have to go through supervised release. Own reconnaissance release is number one, supervised release is an option that's free for the defendant. However there could be conditions like you got to submit to urinary analysis you got to check in with an intake service worker you got to have a curfew you got to wear an electronic monitor there could be like all different types of conditions but it is the advantages it is free. It's taxpayer supported but it is free if you could qualify for it. Okay and as we're talking about going back to basics and you went over what exactly bail bombs are I know we mentioned this a few days ago when we were talking about this and one of your pet peeves is how people kind of interchange the term jail and prison can you go over that for a bit before we launch into you know more of a discussion? Yeah totally so I got called out on this because I made the mistake and then I realized oh my god I've been making this mistake and I felt kind of shame but an actual judge pointed this out to me because I was really just nervous because he's a judge and he's a retired judge but he's running for city prosecutor and I just got nervous I used them back and forth but a jail is where people are held pretrial a prison is where people are held long term and they're serving sentences so if something happens and you're just accused of a crime you've been charged with a crime and you don't bail out you'll be at OCCC which is our jail pretrial jail however if something happens and you do have to serve a term of imprisonment multiple years you'll go to our prison which is Halava that's the difference between a jail and a prison. Okay and on that note like who sets bail like how is how is bail set? That's kind of like a controversial subject and there aren't like defined like there's not like a published book that says this is how we set bail so you kind of have to get all the information from experience and from different parties who tell you how bail is traditionally set. So for most people this is the way to think about it when you're arrested a detective or a police officer will submit a report and make a recommendation on what the amount of the bail should be. The prosecutor's office has to also review the report and sort of give input on what they believe the bail should be as well. Once those two like sets of input are submitted the court confirms a bail amount. It's unclear who has the heavier influence the police or the prosecutor's office but they do settle on a number and the court usually just confirms in a majority of cases whatever they come to terms on so whatever your bail is set at that's what you have to deal with if you want to post bail and get out of custody like right when you get charged with crime. Okay and let's tie in one of the viewer questions that we received how does let me go ahead and read this how does one go about getting a bail bond in instances where someone needs to collateralize something. Okay so basically you shouldn't need collateral if you're doing a bond that's probably under $150,000 so here's the thing with collateral and we'll break it down. There's the confusing thing where people think like oh maybe I don't have the money is there any way I could just submit collateral and get my loved one out what they're basically getting mixed up is the difference between qualifying for a bail bond and paying the fee and then not having the fee and then like substituting in like a car title or you know jewelry things that like they could substitute for fee so if you're talking about trying to find a way to not pay the fee there really isn't a way around that. On larger cases like ones that have bails that are set to like $250,000 $500,000 in order to qualify for a bail bond you're gonna need three things one the cosigner two the fee and then lastly collateral because it's such a large amount typically bondsmen just take a lien on a piece of property and it's only like paperwork it doesn't actually become something where you could have your house taken away unless the defendant abscons you have to pay the court the entire amount and then by filing that mortgage lien on somebody's property you have that first position so upon sale you can get paid back the money that you're owed but that's like really big bonds like $250,000 $500,000 really big bonds that you actually need collateral to qualify. Okay and on that note this is we're doing this really smoothly on that note we can tie in the next viewer question which is do you have an opinion about what constitutes excessively high bail for a person? Yeah so when people talk about the bail system and they say things like end cash bail or end money bail or people are languishing in custody just because of cash bail well yes and no I think it's not that simple I think there are two things that should never happen in the criminal justice system. Number one is when your bail is set excessively high so if I'm like an 18 year old kid there's no way for me to have like you know this robust cash flow and like property like if I'm 18 and I've been accused of something you know maybe a class B or C felony which isn't the most serious like an A but maybe a B or C bail should be set reasonably to guarantee that I go back to court it shouldn't be leveraged to keep me in custody as the 18 year old kid who can't afford a million dollar bail or a $500,000 bail I think when you set bails excessively high that has a function rather people want to admit it or not the function and the result is people just languish in custody because they don't have the money to post the bail it's set too high. The second way that I think cash is leveraged to detain people is when bails are set to cash only. Bail could be set to cash only and say your bail is $20,000 if it's set to cash only it means only submitting $20,000 cash will get you out. Now that's unreasonable a majority of everyday Americans can't even afford an emergency of like maybe four or five hundred dollars there's no way for somebody to get 20 grand to get their loved one out. I think when bail is set to cash only that's like an abuse of the cash elements of bail and then when it's set excessively high and its only function is to keep people in custody that's wrong as well. So let's go back to the title of the show which is COVID-19 and early inmate release and let's talk about how this pandemic has the way how this pandemic has affected the way that you've done your job as a bail agent so could you go into that? You know what the first surprise was now when I get people out I have to make sure that they pass the Department of Health sort of clearance they test them for COVID I think they're trying to do like contract tracing so you have to release like I don't have to but the inmate has to say like oh if they're staying somewhere what their address is they have to stay in contact with the Department of Health to report back if they're feeling like bad or they get tested now there's like a way to trace so the Department of Health coming in to administer COVID tests I think is a big change it delays releases a little bit but of course it's worth it because we need to trace the people who do have COVID-19 and then the people around them they need to be warned so that you know they don't continue the spike so that's one wrinkle when it comes to doing things contact-free tell you the truth I did a lot of that back in 2019 if people wanted to get a bail bond they could do everything on their phone in about five or six minutes they could pay in about a minute or two and then I don't really need to meet anybody to do a bail bond I could just do it over the internet or do it over phone tablet computer they could do the electronic signature they could pay I'll go to the courthouse I'll go drop off the bond I'll go give them a call when it's time to pick up their loved one but I can do it basically contactless and I've actually done people on other islands and I've just had them fill out my online application send me a selfie so that you know they send me a selfie in their tattoos and that's been a contact-free way to do it okay hold that thought because I really want you to go more into that after the break so you already talked about you doing contactless and then let's go further into what else what other factors have affected your business since the pandemic hi I'm Rusty Kamori host of Beyond the Lines on Think Tech Hawaii I was the head coach for the Punahou Boys varsity tennis team for 22 years and we were fortunate to win 22 consecutive state championships my show is based on my book also titled Beyond the Lines and it's about leadership creating a superior culture of excellence and finding greatness I feature a wide range of amazing guests who share valuable insights about how going beyond the lines leads to success in everything you do in life I'm looking forward to you joining me every Monday at 11 a.m. Aloha. Hawaii is connecting Hawaii business my name is Kathleen Lee and our guest on the show today is Nick Lindland a bail bonds agent and we are talking about COVID-19 and early inmate releases so when we left off we were discussing how the pandemic has either changed or shifted the bail bonds industry Nick you want to pick up from that yeah sure I think one of the great innovations to come from the pandemic that most people are experiencing now is video conferencing and that's been tremendous for the judiciary because now hearings that to tell you the truth I felt as though previously never needed to technically be an in-person live hearing now those types of hearings can just be held be a teleconference or video conference I think that's a tremendous like tool for the judiciary because they've got plenty of cases there's always lots of people you know getting charged with things and there's always these you know sometimes it's serious yeah you have to be there to say not guilty but when that's the only thing that that hearing was for most people will say hey I could do that via video conference or teleconference now of course you should never have a trial via zoom you know you do have the right to face your accuser and you can't have like a jury of 12 people reporting via zoom you know during a trial I'm not going to go there but when it comes to like hearings like calendar call or status conference or a Raymond and plea where you literally have to take a day off just to go to court at like 8 30 and say not guilty then leave video conferencing that's the way to go it's the efficient way to do it and it's the cheaper way to make sure that like people don't have to spend money you know on transport coming in and it's more efficient for the court right I know you had sent a couple of articles about like early prison or inmate releases and we actually have a viewer question that kind of goes along with that so I would want you to address this as well so the question is John Oliver did a piece about how there are masses like some COVID-19 in prisons have you seen the same thing in Hawaii okay John Oliver I once saw like years ago he really had a negative like piece on the bail bond industry and I've always wanted to point out all the things that he had wrong on that piece but I haven't done that video yet but when it comes to COVID-19 it's you know a pandemic that we've never had to deal with in our lifetimes in our lifetimes here in America of course there's always been different viruses across the world especially in Asia but they never seem to really hit Hawaii or the US the way that they did in other places across the globe but when it comes to like the pandemic we all sort of got caught on our heels and that's because the prison system and the judicial system is fragile I don't think there's any way else to put it if you stress a system you got to be able to like pivot you got to be able to change on the fly and you got to be able to do what's right for the people in custody and the attorneys working the judicial staff the ACOs want to protect themselves from being exposed we totally were caught on our heels when it came to reacting to this and it's because we've just kicked the can down the road on prison overcrowding and just jail slash prison overcrowding in general OCCC is crowded Halava all of our facilities are in decrepit repair and until we fix that we're not going to be in a position of strength when something happens we're going to be caught sort of like it's kind of like insurance you can't time insurance if you happen to have an accident and need to go to the ER you can't know that the morning of sign up for health insurance pay your premium and then later that afternoon when you need it oh thank god I did that it has to be done on the front end before there's you know the overcrowding because the overcrowding just makes it dangerous for one the spread of the virus two it makes it like not impossible but highly like very difficult for the ACOs the corrections officers or ACOs adult correction officers ACOs to like do their job because there's unrest in the prison you just want to make sure that you if you're going to have to have a facility to hold people it has to be done in a humane way a clean way to help combat those things but we didn't do that we got caught on our heels OCCC is overcrowded it's had bouts with like infestation there's high like emotions over you know the the the way that people are held in custody in those conditions and the pandemic didn't help so it's because we were caught on our heels because we didn't bother strengthening the system strengthening the jails making sure that it's not overcrowded so that we could react to something like that that's what i think happens to us and i know you're very passionate about you know what you do and helping people out and so we have about maybe like eight nine minutes and i know like when i ask this question you're you could probably talk for like hours on this but we're gonna try to keep it to like eight nine minutes what are your suggestions for solutions or reform oh to decrease um the overcrowding okay number one it's the front end of the process there's a lot of things that people are arrested for that they didn't need to be arrested for like it's one thing to be sort of like charged with a crime but in many cases you could be cited you could show up to court and then at the end the court could determine your punishment all the same of course these are for small you know driving without insurance or you know other misdemeanor things where you could just be like given a citation and you don't have to go down to the police station you don't have to make bail you don't have to take a chance on the court not letting you out on your own reconnaissance and then languishing at OCCC you could instead cite people for certain crimes and have them go to court and then if they don't go to court that contempt warrant that's generated then those could be the things that have to be arrestable offenses because you've already displayed that you're supposed to go to court you didn't and now you're going to get arrested for that small misdemeanor charge that's number one we don't need to arrest as many people as we currently do and then that'll have like the effect of like lessening the amount of people who may languish in custody later that's number one number two we need to like be more truthful in general about the bail system I get attacked as a bail bondsman because we have a service that's a private sector service and many people believe that it should just be run by the public sector but if you did a review of all the jurisdictions that only have a public sector release method you find that they have the exact same overcrowding issues and in some cases it's actually worse because crime goes up New York is an example of when they got rid of cash bail the crime rate went up double digits Harris County which is Houston is another example and these are just this year where they got rid of cash requirements in the bail system violent crime as well as nonviolent crime went up double digits so it's super important that we just be truthful and we use the other jurisdictions on the mainland as an example of what we should do here in Hawaii specific to the release system here in Hawaii we do have a dynamic system we have optionality you could one post cash that's the best two you can go through a bail bondsman that's an option three you could hope for release on your own reconnaissance or four you can get out through supervised release with conditions those last two own reconnaissance as well as supervised release are absolutely free to the defendant so it's not money that's keeping people at OCCC it's that they can't qualify for supervised release so the reform should be just as strong when it comes to reforming cash bail and those two cash examples when it's set excessively high or when it's set to cash only that needs to be reformed and the exact same thing is true within the intake service center who controls supervised release they make recommendations on whether somebody should be let out on supervised release or not that needs to be reformed as well I was just talking with an attorney about you know this exact issue and the attorney said you know what I filed a petition to get my client out and then I found out that the intake service center when they do their bail study they don't even consider the financial part like what the person is able to pay I was like wow that seems strange that if somebody can't bail out you think you'd want to ask that question so that you could maybe make a recommendation for a lower bail but the way that the intake service center does bail reports right now there's no like section in the bail study to say hey what would be a more realistic bail amount say if they didn't qualify for supervised release and I think I'll kind of like wrap it up on this last critical point when you have optionality several different ways to get out of custody that is an overall more healthy way to reach the goal of getting people out of custody you want as much options as possible if you were to just have government options which means detain or release what do you do if the judge says no we're going to detain you you have no other recourse so it's super important that if we want to have if we want to be truthful and it's really about getting people out of custody it has to be let's get people out of custody we can't argue amongst ourselves and say no we want to reduce prison overcrowding but by the way it has to be the way that I want to do it has to be this certain way I think the goal is to get people out of custody and to do that everything's on the table all hands on deck it's not not it's got to be my way that's just not the way that I think it's very productive to try to solve the problem which is so complex and so I mean it's just such a huge deal I agree and if people want to learn more about bail bonds or want to talk to you further about this the subject how can they contact you okay I made a youtube station specifically for this my name I go by a one neck with a one bail bonds I tried to brand myself that way I hope you could just go to youtube and put a one bail bonds and that should show up with like literally I think I have 100 something videos how to turn in and bail out in under an hour little tips and tricks to make sure that you can get through the system when to hire a private attorney versus go with a public defender I have videos on all that and that's a good reference we also have the videos on facebook I'm hoping that I've branded myself well enough where you can just put a one bail bonds into google or youtube lots of information did you already mention your email address as well uh you can hit me up on facebook through um our a one site if you want to email me directly it's my name nicolas lindblad at gmail.com um you can call me if you just put a one bail bonds into any you know search engine I you should be able to just call and I'm available um yeah plenty of ways to get in touch with me awesome thank you so much nick for coming on the show today and for our viewers out there who may not have caught this on live stream it will be on think tech hawaii.com as well as think tech's youtube page so again thank you so much and have a good day