An IRS officer contacted me and I was like, who are you? The IRS officer said, I'm your worst nightmare. Citizens, I need firepower. Who are you?  And I was like, wait a second, I mean is that good or bad?  Are you the worst nightmare in terms of like the scariest nightmare? Attention passengers, please remain seated until the plane comes to a complete crash. Or like the worst nightmare in that the nightmare is not that scary for a nightmare. I'm so embarrassed. I wish everybody else was dead.  I mean, if you had a nightmare contest, the best nightmare would be the one that was the most scary, wouldn't it? Nervous? Yes. First time. No, I've been nervous lots of times. Therefore, if you really wanted to threaten somebody, you would say something like, I'm your best nightmare. Not I'm your worst nightmare. Everyone, I have a very dramatic announcement. So anyone with a weak heart should leave now. Goodbye. Uh, Professor. Meaning I'm like the nightmare that actually won the nightmare contest. By like being the most scary. For example, one time I had a nightmare of a horrifying demon.  Well, first it was a time that old farmer tried to sell me for some magic beans. I ain't never got over that.  Then they all got drunk and stopped beating me with a stick on pinata, pinata. What is a pinata anyway? So it wasn't really that scary. My imagination not doing a very good job. Therefore, it was one of my worst nightmares. What a word of advice. Don't go around calling yourself the president. I wouldn't do that. I don't think you should either. It just doesn't hold water. For that matter neither do I.  We've got the phrase backwards. I remember it like it was interesting. Resulting in us unfairly mischaracterizing nightmares.  They think they're smarter than me. Kill them all starting with the math teacher.


I'm here as the founder and designer of Art by Physicist, which is a tech fashion brand. And I am a physicist, but I love doing art on the side. That's why I started a brand to represent intellectual women through the scientific embedded and technology embedded clothing. And here, for example, you're showing some of your latest stuff that you're launching. What are we looking at here? Yeah, we're looking at a video of this very overcoat here. It has these beautifully designed solar panels in the lotus shape. This is our collaboration with a German company called Armour, and they make very cool same film solar panels in interesting artistic shapes. So it matches perfectly well with this dress, which is featuring my painting on the fabric of a lotus pound. So we integrated two modules here where you can actually go into the sun and charge your phone or any other electronic devices through a USB charger. And it brings convenience, but also it shows a artistic design of technology. And here's another video, or is this the same video? So basically you have a USB cable in the pocket and boom, charging with the sun. Exactly. And it's cool because it's very thin and we've never seen any irregular shapes of the dress before. And Nicholas, we met a long time ago in ID Tech X. So it's actually a company that also met there. We were in the same booth. I was demonstrating this coat, where I don't know if you remember, we had the wings embedded inside this coat and it was moving, but it's not practical. It's very cool and fun. So I wanted to upgrade that coat into something functional. That's why we started this collaboration and embedded solar panels inside. Yeah, that video is really cool. And maybe I can just show for a second right here. I'm going to, oh, sorry, I just need to click on the right thing right there. Yeah, people can watch it on the YouTubes. And... Right, that was... Yeah, that was before the crazy times. Exactly, yeah. So in this video, you see my handmade designs of 3D printed dresses and light-up shirts, also environmental data detection dresses, as well as this design that was moving on the mannequin. So we'll see that in a bit. Yeah, I'm just moving in the background. Yeah, the one that's flying. Mm-hmm, yeah. It's right here, I try to jump forward. It looks like wind, but it's like you can make it fly. Yeah. So I don't know, Nicholas, if you can post the link to this video in the YouTube... Of course, yeah. Yeah, people can find this video and they can watch more information. And if I come back to your screen, so where are you joining us from right now? Where are you based? I'm right now based in Germany and I've been working in my own studio for a year now. So just a couple of days ago, Thursday, two days ago, we launched our Kickstarter. That's where this code is one of the rewards, one of the new products that we're launching through this Kickstarter here. So you'll be able to find it through art by physicists, tech, fashion, where art and STEM meet. And Nicholas can share the link in the caption description of the video. So then people can boost your campaign and get the dress, how much would it cost to get one? Exactly, so there are different tiers. We have different prices for, we'll later show very quickly a lot of new designs we are showing, we're launching. So you can pick whichever design that you like the most. So for this particular one, we're selling at two prices. One is a special edition that has a discount, which is $549. And that is a 25% off retail price and then later on, if you get into the second shipment, that will be $579. The technology is very new. Yeah, and it's unique. Like, you can't find a solar charging dress anywhere, right? Even- Yeah, especially with the same film is completely laminated onto the fabric. And it's very thin. You don't actually feel anything. And it's got a really thin wire that's completely hidden inside the lining. So you don't see anything that is sticking out. And the charger comes through the pocket. How do you connect the solar panel to the charger? And to the cable? Yeah, there's actually some wires hidden inside that goes through the inside and it goes into the pocket. And it's just connected through normal electrical connection. There are two electrodes at the very bottom of each module. There's a positive and a negative. So it's all directly integrated with no trace of electronics. We got one comment saying, I've seen more and more cosplayers doing similar things, mixing technology with costumes. It's the future for sure. What do you think? It's super fun. Yeah, for cosplay, you definitely can do a lot of things that are fancier instead of daily wear. You can also make very cool looking and maybe not so functional, but very nice demos. What you can hear? Yeah, we really want to make daily wearable, occasional wearables where you can very easily have technology integrated into part of the something that you would normally wear. So this is the same idea, but it's a different design. It's also a painting that I did a very beautiful scenery by the Lee River. This is attachable bow. You can remove it and you can just carry it or wear it. So it's very convenient. The wiring is also hidden inside the bow you don't see at all and you can even put your phone in there. I actually think, and I've been saying kind of like, it's not jokingly, but I think that the next iPhone is smart wearables, like what you call it like smart closing. And I have a category on my website just about smart closing because everybody has clothes, right? Everybody needs clothes and it better get smart at some point. And if it gets smart, it's gonna be huge business. Do you agree? Yeah, and we have so much real estate on the body. We can really use all kinds of places to embed electronics and you don't have to carry a device with you. But yeah, for sure, we need to get smarter. That's why we're doing this early work to embed electronics into fabrics to make it part of the fashion. So what are we looking at here? This one is a dress that has a LED panel embedded. You can actually program it to change graphics anytime with a app. In this video, you will see that I handmade, I painted the earth and I painted all of the graphics as shown in the video. So you can make your own GIF and video and images and then just send it through your phone to the dress on the go. I mean, some people wear dresses because they wanna be seen, right? And it's important to be like the start of the show a little bit. I'm just saying like, I don't know, I'm a guy so I wouldn't know, right? And so if you have it light up with all kinds of amazing cool things, you're gonna win the party, no? Yeah, for sure. And you can impress your friends anytime. You can have your friends draw stuff and show up on the dress. So it's right there. Yeah, you'll see I'm wearing a top version. We also have this dress version. This is also available on Kickstarter as part of the new collection. It looks so cool. What's the LED able to do? You have all these, like I see the app and it connects and you're able to show whatever you want on the dress. You can show like the planet. It's a really big panel, yeah. And this is inspired by NASA image. So I actually hand drew all these lights and stars and the moon moving around the earth. So it matches perfectly with the design of the dress. Well, of course you can upload anything in addition to astronomical images. And in the app itself includes a lot of different images you can even pick from. I mean, this looks like something that I would think should be mass produced. And how do you get there? Are you going there? Are you already doing that or? That's why we're driving this through Kickstarter because we want to get pre-orders from people. We do hope that this will be something a lot of people are interested so that we can make this on demand. I talked about the overproduction problem in our previous interview that the fashion industry has been generating a lot of weights and pollution by overproducing clothing that people are not buying. So it's actually 30% of clothes ever produced on the planet get sent to landfill or get burned. And it generates so much waste. So what we want to do here is we think that clothing manufacturing should be the same way as other things that we can do made to order. So we want to use the Kickstarter to drive the demand and then we go produce more. If there's not enough buying then we should save the planet by not producing. And I would think it's a perfect fit with what you're saying. I'm already skipping to this one there, this video. When you're saying that and when the idea is that this should be like the next iPhone where people, it doesn't have to be maybe that cheap and people would take care of it more because it has special functionalities. Then you're not just gonna buy like a hundred different dresses, for example. You might just buy a few because they have really something that you really care about. And so if you buy fewer and more special ones it's better for the world, the environment. Yeah, so you get the customization you can change the dress based on your liking anytime. Actually since I started making clothes myself I kind of stopped buying. I have very few, my favorite clothing dresses I wear those often. So you're buying less but gaining more. Nice, what are we looking at here with the micro bit? How are you connected? Yeah, this is the test. So I was using the micro bit to indicate temperature. You're looking at on the left a soft flexible heater by the company Lumia Tech. They have been making this flexible durable thing electronics including a heater like this. You can heat it up very easily through a USB charger and is very easily applicable onto fabrics. So here you're seeing that I am basically transferring the heating pad onto the fabric in between two layers of this coat that I made. So you can then put a charger in it and start heating up. So this idea is also to provide, especially women, we don't like to wear too much in winter but it gets really cold and we get really bulky. So this way if we can heat up our coats we don't have to wear a lot. So this is an embedded heater very easily applicable. By the way, this is a coat that I designed with my hand painted perennial flowers and it's reversible. So you can wear this side with many beautiful summer flowers like hydrangea and roses and peony. And then you can wear this side. It has potholes and hollies. I hand drew all of these graphics and the patterns were also digitally printed onto the coat. So there's very little waste in the making of this coat that everything is directly printed onto the fabric and I cut the patterns directly out of the fabric. There's no paper pattern, there's no transfer of patterns. And then I just embedded the heater in between the layers and you don't see it at all. But again, a USB charger comes out of the battery. You can very easily heat this coat up. Because there's always like a trade-off between looking good and not freezing sometimes. That's right, exactly. And we really think that there's not enough technology that's designed fashionably, especially the appeal to women. We care a lot about the design, the complexity, but sometimes there's always a trade-off between something that's functional and then beautiful, you kind of mix the two. But what I'm trying to do here is really to combine all the good things together. So just your power bank in the pocket is gonna heat you up, that's it. Yeah, that's it. Just bring your power bank, connect it in the pocket and how many dresses in the world do that? Are you the only one who invented this? Like nobody's doing this? I don't know, I think we are pretty early. This heater was also just made available earlier this year by Lumia. So we are one of the first people doing this. And of course the heater can be applied to a lot of things. So if you look at their website, they have many inspirations on where to apply flexible and think e-textiles. You can put it in sportswear, you can put it in even seating and textile anywhere. So the imagination and possibilities are endless. So I want to do this to show people we have so many great opportunities ahead. Nice. So this perennial coat is quite complex and hard to make. So this is a stretch go for the campaign. If we get enough order, we will manufacture it. Nice. And then if I click right here, you have this one. There. Maybe I can play the music a little bit. So people can be in a mood watching this. Oh, is it copyrighted music? I hope not. No, I'm not. So what's going on here? This is also what we're using for the background of this video. You've got all the astrological signs and you can just light them up. Yeah. This is also a new e-textile innovation I collaborated with NovaCentrix on. NovaCentrix was also at iDTex like then in that event. So you see that we have designed 12 constellations that's on the fabric. You can directly print these flexible electronics, LEDs and the circuits onto fabrics and apply that onto fashion design. We designed 12 constellations for every person for your birthday, you have your customized constellations. So when you make an order, you can let us know which constellation you want and we will custom make it for you. Then they can be like a pattern in terms of how they light up and they blinking and stuff like that. Then not blinking is pure light up. We didn't make the blinking, not really necessary. All right. So actually it was a great event for you. Here's a comment, fashion everywhere. Yeah, fashion is like it's also, I cover a lot about electronics and I see all these guys, mostly guys, there's a few girls, right? But guys going around and saying, this phone is ugly, this phone is beautiful and stuff. It's kind of like they're fashion critics and not really just talking about the tech but there's no reason it cannot be combined. Of course it has to be combined. Everything has to look good and be functional, right? There's nothing wrong with, let's say, women being interested in gadgets, right? And trying to- Yeah, that's also a mission of the brand is to encourage more women and girls to be interested in STEM, science, technology, engineering and math and encourage them to pursue the technical fields. And our brand donates any profit, we donate 5% to STEM and STEAM, which has the art in it. We want to show that we want to represent the intellectual representation for women. Most of the time we see fashion just being the vanity and the prettiness without much thoughtfulness included. So we want to really show all the good things, the beauty and the intelligence in our work and encourage more women, more people to pursue this. I'm thinking that the possibilities are limitless when you think about clothes and you have to be stylish and you also want to try to figure out how to make it functional and useful in all kinds of electronic technological ways where you can control, use power and do wireless things and use Bluetooth and sensors. I mean, it's crazy how many possibilities there are right here. And I know there's a lot of companies working in smart closing, of course, but it's not in a level where it should be. It should be really like the new iPhone, I think, because the iPhone, what's happened every year is just like slightly different, but there's so much else that can be done and why not do it through fashion. Yeah, and we are showing a lot of different types of possibilities when you... Yeah, this is actually a classic design that we had through the brand. This just lights up, this doesn't have a special... This is one of the early works, but we are making this a reward because it's one of the most popular designs. And all of the constellations on my hand painted drawings, printed digitally onto the fabrics. It's fun, it has all the details that women may like. It's got a very good shape and it's got bows on the back and you can light it up and party. The bottom has the fairy string LEDs and it has pockets, it's very, very important. You can put stuff in pockets. There's not, believe it or not, a lot of dresses and skirts don't have pockets and women don't have pockets. Why? Do women not want to carry things with them or what's the idea here? We do want, but they don't make it. That's why all of my designs have pockets. Very simple, but it's an essential element. At least to put the phone in one pocket and the power bank in the other one, right? Or something like that. You could, yeah. Or okay. Yeah, you can put all kinds of things in the pocket. It's so convenient, I love wearing this. So there's one comment with solid-state batteries safer, light-up dresses is surely on the rise.  So what do you think about those solid-state batteries or safe batteries? I mean, they're lithium-ion. Everybody has their phones and their pockets and only a few of them explode. I'm joking, but I mean, it happens once in a while. But it's not that bad, right? I mean, if people are using phones all the time in their pockets, lithium-ion is great. But what do you think about all these kind of flexible batteries and that can be more easily embedded into clothes? That's exactly what we need next. So I showed a lot of the ideas with a thing, power bank, but I am waiting for the flexible batteries to become more mature, because that will mean so much we can just embed into the fabrics and thin layer. And better that they're water-resistant and the water-safe, you can also wash it. Right now we have to remove the parts, the battery before we throw the clothes into the washing machine. Nice, so you just remove the battery and then boom, it's fine. Washing machine, everything is good, right? Yeah, so for different designs, yeah, it's different for different designs. So some of them you can just remove the battery and wash, some of them, the whole part is detachable. Like the bow that I showed earlier, you just take that one off. So it depends on the design. When we ship out the products, we also provide the instructions on how to take care of clothes. It would be nice if, let's say you have a solar panel, is it washable in the washing machine or do you just take it out and put it back in after it's washed? So the one on the lotus one, we recommend we hand wash the clothes. Like for normal clothes, there are already different ways of washing. Like dry cleaning, machine wash and hand wash depends on the design. So that one we recommend hand wash, you can try, but I think it's less about getting water damages, more about we probably don't want to wrinkle and stretch the electronics too much. But like the Guilin dress that has the bow on it, we can just remove the bow and the dress itself is just machine washable. Nice, there we have your promo video going on, I think. Is it the one from the Kickstarter? That's for the Kickstarter. And how's it going with your Kickstarter? So what is a goal and how soon is it maybe shipping for everybody who supports your Kickstarter? Yeah, I can show you the timeline. We want to be able to ship many things starting in August. So we just launched it two days ago and we did pass the half 50% mark. But of course we would love to see more momentum and really have fully founded so that we can then move on to the next few months. In August, we can immediately ship some of the products. We have the Starry Night dress and the Earth Wi-Fi dress, they're already ready. And I'm gonna show you these two Bluetooth brutes next. But let me finish with the timeline. In October, we have a few more rewards that we can ship, like the Starry Night constellation shirt because we need some time to customize the LEDs for people's order. And then we're gonna have the Lotus and the Guilin solar powered dress and overcoat ship in October as well. So just actually as we speak now, we have made a lot of progress. I just received this prototype yesterday which is really, really good. So we will be able to produce them at scale if we have enough orders. In December, we have these brutes I'm gonna talk about next. Second batch and also the Earth Wi-Fi second batch. If there are enough orders, then we have second batches of the solar powered dress and coat, then we do have a stretch goal. If we hit 30K because there is a 50 units minimum order quantity for that heated reversible coat. So if we get to that stretch goal, we'll be able to make it for early next year. If there's not enough order, then hopefully in the future we'll make it. Nice, but as you were mentioning and as we showed before, you were at the ID TechEx show, what year was that? 2019. And there's all these companies there, right? That you're partnering with now. And so it was a good show for you, right? To be there. And I would expect this to be in the interest of some of these companies to see you get to your minimum goals. Maybe they wanna kind of like, they could be investors potentially that comes in and joins and says, let's make it big. Something like that. Yeah, we have so many opportunities and ideas if we could reach the goal, then we'll be able to do more. And also I really want to drive made to order. So just reverse the overproduction model that the industry has is to get enough orders. But even on demand, based on how many orders gets placed and be able to manufacture those on the number that people actually order. So instead of overproducing to like a mass, like a hundred or thousands of the same unit, I think this is a very niche market and all the fashion product should be made on demand. So we want to develop software and manufacturing tools to allow designers to very easily upload their designs digitally. So we want to do a digital design at getting people's interest. If they want physical products, we'll be able to send the digital files and get the manufacturers to make them. So that's a long-term vision we have. I think I lost your audio. Sorry, sorry, I muted myself. It's really interesting to see the work that you're doing with all this smart technology that you have. Yeah, so I can talk about, yeah, do we want to finish the video? Yeah, maybe you can describe what you're seeing. Try to describe what we're seeing in the video. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So you see, I was wearing this charger. So apparently you can also charge a little bit. It depends on the lighting. In indoor you can even do some charging. So I want to be able to provide women the opportunity to get their hands on fashionable technologies. So this is really crafted to satisfy women's tastes and their pursuit for beauty, as well as intellectual functionality. So my work was featured- In a catwalk. Yes, that was San Francisco Fashion Week. That was one of my first fashion shows. It had really good receiving from the audience. This was me making prototypes. And yeah, a lot of the ideas were conceived back then, but I had to make everything by hand. There wasn't any way to manufacture any of those. So I really explored the processes by building my brand and figuring out how manufacturing works, how the industry is doing things. Maybe I can do it differently. Like here, I do everything digitally. All the paintings, drawings, patterns, I do them digitally so that there's no material waste. And we can directly send the files for on-demand production, like 3D printing and digital printing. So yeah, we would hope that we get some opportunities and support by the audience to allow us to scale this because I mentioned we also want to donate to environmental protection and steam non-profits. So if we can get to where we want to be, we can contribute more to the society. I would think, let's say with this strange year that it would be even more relevant for smart wearables and smart technology, smart closing to be more and more relevant, like we should be able to, what's it called, take care of each other in society and I'm not going to say like track, but like, I don't know, like they have all these, yeah, there's all kinds of things that could, potentially be done, like when you measure the body, make sure people are healthy, that the oxygen levels are good, the blood pressure is good, there's so much potential for other kind of things that potentially you can think of, right? And maybe you might be interested or not, but I guess there's so much potential. So I want to mention these Bluetooth connected bridges. You mentioned Bluetooth just now, is especially designed for family and friendly interactions. So these come in as a pair and they are designed in very beautiful flower shapes. These are actually also my hand drawings. Imagine a mother and her child, each is wearing one. It has many sensors on them. It's got touch sensing, LED's, vibration and distance sensing accelerometer. So it's open source, you can even program them to do whatever interaction you want. Right now they are programmed, when they go out of the factory, we program them to have this one function which detects distance between two people. So if a child wears this with her mother or his mother, they would, or parents doesn't have to be mother, but it's my personal experience almost getting lost from my mom. Both of them detect distance. So if the child for any reason gets separated from the parent, the parent's one would start vibrating. So only the parent knows. So you can program different distances. Right now it's already vibrating because I put a very sensitive distance detection. Now they stop. So the parent's one would vibrate and notify and they will start looking for the kid. And the kid would also try to get back because their light will be turned off when they both turn on the in sync. But from a child's perspective, they really want to be together with mommy. So they will want to get back. This was from a story that my mom constantly telling me when I was three that she almost lost me in the in the super mall, in the mall. I was playing hide and seek from her. And I was hiding inside a huge coat. She spent hours and hours trying to find me and couldn't. And she almost got desperate and thought I was gone, I was taken. And then she saw a pair of little feet sticking out from the coat. And I was giggling inside. I found it really funny, but she was devastated. If she had anything like this, it would be very easy for her. Before I even disappear, she would get notified or she can use it to try to find me within range. Nice. Yeah, it's nice to have a kid's tracker that'd be fashionable and also cool.  Definitely. And I also got people buying these telling me that they love using these for their children to learn programming. It's so fun and beautiful for kids. They plug it in and it's all open source. You can use Arduino or Scratch to reprogram this. If you even have siblings, you can wear this together and do some fun activities. It has, like I mentioned, has touch and accelerometer. So everything basically you need for wearables are integrated on these. So you can come up with all kinds of fun interaction using these sensors. Are they part of the drug funding too? Yeah, they are. And they're also very well selling products we had. So we currently only have a few left. And I guess today in the few, in the hour or so, we got a close off the early bird award reward. So right now is at half price. But soon we got to close it to food price, which is $49 per pair. Yeah, these are really rare funds. Nice, that's awesome. So when I go around your page right here, there's a lot of projects. I don't know if I'm screen-training correctly. Yeah, you can put back the images you sent in. I'm showing the mother and child scenario. I put your screen right here. Yeah, so I was showing in this, give a prototype that I handmade, I hand-sewn all the electronics. But then I collaborated with DF Robots. We made these PCBs. And even on the back, they look very beautiful. You can see all the components on the back. Nice.  Or they're like spread around the world? They are spread around the world. But I know that in Germany there are, I have made some connections within the country, different flexible electronics companies. So after the pandemic, I look forward to meeting them in person. Nice. All right. This is exciting to see what happens next. And if you can bring the attention to this in an awesome way. Even... Thank you so much. I really appreciate it. And I appreciate the audience for supporting us. Yeah, please check it out. So the link to the Kickstarter, we put it right under here. I think it should be in the YouTube description. And there's a comment. Great conversation. I wonder how long before we have a phone, we can change while it is in a pocket wirelessly. We can charge. Charge, yeah. Yeah. So we could just like... One thing I'm wondering is, if we can connect the smart shoes that every time you step on it, it keeps like using some kinetic power to charge your devices. Yeah, there's big development there for a while. This kind of thing is quite difficult to get productized. There are so many great ideas. One reason I started doing this was like, why are there no fashionable and you like products wearables that are mainstream? It makes total sense that everything could be smart, but making those things are very difficult and getting people noticed that they exist. Like you mentioned the charging shoes. I think I believe there are companies that try to do this. So definitely it needs more people to know, to support them. And we would really love to drive this to be something that's more developments can't happen. And also it's great to make it a conversation, right? When people are wearing something like this, they would wanna talk about it and explain how it works and what's special about it. And like there's a whole conversation to be done when people approach and say, hey, what are you wearing? And boom, you can explain the whole thing. Yeah, I always enjoy these conversations because I am using fashion as a tool, as a vehicle to get people interested in the technology. That's why I think this is a great idea for girls and women to get them more interested in technology, you can really make them beautiful. You can really use technology in your advantage. So if you already like the visual, then you may want to start a conversation and then you get deeper and deeper into the technologies. You learn a lot more about science and technology. Nice, that's cool. And you're totally also having some apps integrated and the potential with the apps could be all kinds of stuff. I'm thinking like when you talk about distance of the child and the mother, but they could be distance between other people around some kind of sensor. Yeah, and with the improvement of Bluetooth technology, we even had ideas of multiple people wearing this. So we hope that we can get to the next version. We get enough support and visibility. So definitely help us spread the word and let your friends know what we're doing. We have really interesting ideas to go next. We can have a lot of these, everyone wearing this together and that will create a lot of fun activities. Can you have some other ideas you wanna talk about? Some of the potential future plans also that you've been thinking about? Well, we want to, as I mentioned, go completely digital before the physical production. So we want to be able to design things virtually, use simulation software, and we hope to be able to even make a library of all kinds of electronics and be able to say, hey, we can even have people pick what kind of functionality they want in the clothes. So that really satisfies people with the customization, the look, the technology, the fit, everything is customized for people. So we have a lot of vision and we hope to gather. Nice, I mean, I could keep suggesting, trying to ask different ways, but it could be also for sports potentially or is it more for, what do you like? Yeah, so for the thing about wearables is also, we've seen some sports wear and also some medical device applications. But what about having these functionalities in your everyday clothing? And if you have a need for medical monitoring, biometric monitoring, if you have to do it only with certain devices and one particular wearable, you have to change, you have to change different clothes. So you can't be wearing the same thing. So what if we can embed the electronics in all kinds of clothes? All kinds of everyday, you can get it monitored without thinking too much. So you don't have to change your habit in order to conform yourself to some functionality, but have the technology work for you by just taking care of everything. Nice, this is awesome, all right. So thanks a lot for showing all this and people can check out your Kickstarter, your YouTube channel, your LinkedIn, what else, you have Twitter and other stuff. Yeah, our website, yeah, Art by Physicist. All right, cool, all right. So thanks a lot, thanks for showing everything. Thank you so much, thanks everyone for coming. Thanks everybody for watching this video.


Last week, we showed you some things you could work on at home to cure your slice. This week, my clay vow is taking it to the range. Last week, we talked about how to fix your slice at home. Now we're going to take it to the golf course. When you start to hit balls, there's some different things we can do. If you've got a head cover, throw your head cover on the ground right outside of where the ball is. What's going to happen if our path is outside the end? We're going to nail the head cover. So put the club head cover right outside your ball, make some swings. We're going to see that it's kind of hard to make that outside end path with something there. We can use an old shoe box, a towel, anything that you might have. But I like the head cover just because it's not too bad if we do hit it. Next thing we can try. The only one, if you're out there early and there aren't people around, set up a little diagonal ball issue. What's going to happen if we go outside in? We're going to hit a few of these balls. We don't want to. We just want to hit the center ball with good path. If we're afraid of hitting some balls, just use tees. Put them in a diagonal, hit the ball without the tees. Some great ways to help cure a slice. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Steven's unable to win tonight 3-1 over Wilkes of Christian Taylor's head coach Tori M off coach Difference goal scorers tonight, but most importantly how is your team able to pick up the win? Yeah We're not super proud of the way we played, you know, we didn't play a full 60 minutes Obviously a wins a win and we're appreciative of that. It could have been cleaner, you know could have been you know Worked a little bit harder our angles a bit better, you know had our head down We weren't really making tape-to-tape passes So we could have cleaned it up a little bit in every single zone, which would have been nice But to pull off the wind we'll take it. How will you look to clean things up in the future? You know, we talked about from the D zone and out so it's picking up six in the D zone You know having heads up play tape-to-tape passes so that we can get that out of the zone and you know have a strong You know possessive zone exit And really just head-on-a-swivel Heads up hockey. It's just it was sloppy, you know, they weren't really present So getting that in check will help but in the end of the day it is another victory What does this do for confidence moving forward? Yeah, it really helps us, you know We needed it after a tough weekend last weekend You know, we had a great game against Elmira and that was a big confidence boost and then The next game kind of smacked us a little bit So this is good for us and we need it and hopefully moving forward tomorrow We'll be able to secure another one. Goats. Thank you very much. We'll see you tomorrow. Good luck Thanks head coach Tori. I'm off. I'm Christian Taylor and go Mustang sports.com


What is democracy? We often hear that South Africa transitioned into democracy in 1994. However, what do we know about democracy? In simple terms, democracy means that the people are entitled to influence important decisions that affect their lives. Instead of having one person making all the decisions in a country, democracy brings together the views and interests of all people so that the future of the country can be decided based on all these views. That doesn't mean that each individual's view will prevail, but it means that people have a say and that their views are taken seriously. Democracy is ruled by the majority. The word democracy comes from ancient Greek, with demos meaning the people and kratos meaning to rule. So its literal meaning is rule by the people. In a direct democracy, people govern themselves. Each person would have a direct say in every single decision that affects the country. This would be very difficult to implement. In a representative democracy like South Africa's, we elect representatives to represent our interests and to govern the country. This happens through regular elections in line with the country's constitution. But it is important to remember that regular democratic elections are not the only key feature of democracy. There are a number of other principles that need to be present in order to have a well-functioning democracy. They include the respect for some basic human rights, a multi-party system paired with political tolerance, respect for the rule of law, democratic governance and citizen participation. At the same time, it is important to understand that every country has a unique democratic system. Countries will be differently democratic, but democracy rests upon certain fundamental principles that we have just outlined. Although it can never be guaranteed, in a well-functioning democracy, citizens are more likely to be rewarded with the fruits of democracy, which include respect for human dignity, freedom, equality, justice, good governance, peace and the opportunity to hold elected representatives accountable. These are as important as making sure that everyone has a good standard of living. This does not mean that there will be no differences of opinion or that contestation will not occur. Since there are always different interests in complex societies, challenges and contestation will occur. This is part of the democratic process. Let's talk briefly about each fruit of democracy. Freedom means that in a democracy, people are able to act, speak and think freely, as long as they act in line with the country's constitution and do not interfere with another person's rights. Equality means that each person living in a country has the same status and rights as everyone else and may not be discriminated against. And the justice system will treat every individual equally before the law. That's what we also refer to as the rule of law. Further, well-functioning democracies are more likely to be governed well. That means that the government will aim to be efficient, transparent and responsive, which are all prerequisites to ensure accountability to its citizens. Where the government does not uphold the values and practices of democratic governance, citizens have the right to hold elected representatives to account. Finally, well-functioning democracies have a greater chance of becoming peaceful societies where everyone is respected. This results in a more pleasant and safe environment for everyone. These outcomes of successful democracies are not easy to realise and require a great amount of effort from everyone in the country. Because it is so profoundly difficult to achieve these goals, some people may feel like giving up on the entire system of democracy. This will mean giving up your freedom. South Africa is one of the youngest democracies in the world. Only in 1994, after much struggle and sacrifice, were all citizens granted the right to freely and fairly vote for their representative government under a democratic constitution. Prior to that, the apartheid government granted limited political rights only to the white minority and discriminated against everyone else. Under apartheid, we did not have freedom and everyone was not equal before the law. We now have a democracy, which includes a new constitution with a vision for a society based on democratic values, social justice and fundamental human rights. So while our young democracy may not be perfect, it is something we should hold dear. To summarise, why is democracy such a successful form of government in the world? A democracy is a government in which supreme power is vested in the people. Citizens exercise power directly or indirectly through a system of representation, usually involving regular, free and fair elections. Democracy allows its people to have a say in the future direction of a country. And a well-functioning democracy comes as close as possible to the ideals of its citizens, to live in a peaceful, free and fair society that is managed by an elected, democratic government that displays good governance.


Today is 5th of March, 2018, and the time is exactly 12th of March, 2018, and you are the professor, faculty of health science, professor Currie, so we are going to do this interview with you. Great. I will have the six questions, and we will just ask one by one, so I think you will have the six questions. Hello, professor. Okay. Hello. So the first question, I think you can talk about your program, it's like what is called, you can also mention about the age group or target audience, for example individuals or families or others, you can also talk a bit about the aim of the program, so just teaching what subject, journey, land-based, community with language, etc. Okay, great. So we have a bachelor's of health sciences program with a major in Aboriginal health, and our program is all age groups, 18 and up, undergraduate university students, and we certainly have all age groups in our program. The average age tends to be in the late 20s for people in our program. The aim of the program is really, we take a two-eyed seeing lens for our program, so we have a focus on helping students understand indigenous ways of knowing about health and healing from knowledge holders and elders and different readings that think about indigenous ways of knowing in different parts of Canada and even around the world because of course indigenous cultures are all very unique, and we can learn so much from all of these different ways of knowing. And then of course it's a two-eyed seeing lens, so we work to help students think about health from a Western perspective as well, and then the most important part of the program, we're trying to teach them to look through both eyes together to see health problems uniquely because I think there's such a problem in Canada with this Western way of health promotion and people we just need to be educated to behave better. This type of attitude is really problematic and not helpful for either indigenous or non-indigenous people. So we're really trying to teach our students to think outside the box, to think about indigenous ways of knowing about health, the role of balance in health, and then in the ways we work to improve health, and we also really work to encourage our students to think about strengths and resilience and the protective impacts of indigenous ways of knowing. Objectives, what do you want to mention? Our learning objectives are to have our students go out into the world and to be able to look at the different layers in which someone can be healthy, the different layers in which in someone's life that leads them to be healthy. So we teach them to think through a life course perspective. We teach them to think about health in terms of government policies, programming, of course healthcare, and cultural safety, racism. We talk a lot about the role of racial discrimination in Canada and its impacts on indigenous health. So we really try to go beyond cultural competency and cultural safety to name things or what they really are. Sometimes this term cultural competency sort of sugarcoats or hides the fact that there's indigenous people in the healthcare system in Canada experience a lot of racism, and having an elder in the room who can speak an indigenous language for a patient is great, but we also have to address the racism that indigenous people experience in the healthcare system if we truly want to work toward health equity or inequities, address the inequities. So in your opinion, what makes it an example of excellence in indigenous education? Well, I think it's an example of excellence because we're working so hard to truly apply that two-eyed seeing lens. So we are, I'll give you an example of a course we teach. Because we're trying to apply this two-eyed seeing lens, we have courses that take that approach, but we also have courses that only teach from an indigenous perspective. So for example, we have one course that is completely traditional health concepts. So it's taught by indigenous elders and knowledge holders. So there's 12 weeks in the class. Every week is a different knowledge holder or elder that speaks. The professor in quotes who teaches the course, we call that person just the coordinator of the course. They're not delivering content. All of the content is coming from knowledge holders and we're bringing in knowledge holders from different parts of Canada as well as the United States to teach students in our program to think about the richness of indigenous ways of knowing across different territories and to think about how to address wellness from these different perspectives. So herbology even, different ways of ceremony because ceremonies are so different in different parts of Canada and the United States. So really trying to expose them and moving beyond this western principles of health to try to look at these other perspectives, traditional knowledge. Okay, how do you major the taxes of your program? Say that again. How do you major the taxes of your program? Oh, the success? So we definitely do surveys with our students. We don't have any graduates yet because we're a new program. But we definitely do surveys with our students. We have a stakeholder team who we consult of indigenous, again, knowledge holders, community stakeholders, elders who we turn to for advice and feedback on how we're doing. We ask the students directly through various modes, including a survey. And then we've just had our very first students do their practicum. One thing I think is a really important part of our program is that every student in the program has to do a practicum. So we just placed our first student in Alberta Health Services. So the student is working in government in South Zone, Alberta. At pretty high up in government, we've been able to place her. And we're hearing rave reviews from our stakeholders in government about just her depth of knowledge in terms of culture and how do you go about to address social and structural determinants of health. So what we're hearing is our students are very broad-minded. They can think beyond these narrow boxes that sometimes public health teaches students to think rather narrowly at times, some programs, or nursing programs, et cetera, can sometimes teach students to think rather narrowly about what's determining health. And so we're hearing that our students can think much more broadly and can be more creative in terms of looking for solutions. So we're very excited to hear that feedback. And we're securing practicum placements with our students wherever they would like in clinics, they can work in Indigenous organizations, they can work in a First Nations community or a Métis settlement. It's really up to the student and then we try to meet their needs. One thing I'll just make clear, our program does not teach clinical skills. So we're not training nurses or psychologists or social workers. Our program is teaching a lot of our concepts are public health oriented, which is really what that means is we're teaching students to think about what is driving, of course, personal health, but more importantly, community health and population health. So you often think about Indigenous health as a tapestry, right? And an individual is just a little piece of that tapestry, but you really have to stand back and look at the tapestry as a whole to understand all of the different components that are influencing health of people. And so we're really trying to get our students to be able to stand back, they can work one on one a little bit with people, you know, in terms of motivational interviewing and doing some health promotion or trying to understand their needs, but also stand back and be able to do some policy work and some of that bigger picture work as well, developing programs that are needed, etc. Well, I think up into very recently there's been a very western way of thinking about these things. But I do think, I'd really like the two-eyed seeing approach that helps us to sort of be able to walk in these two worlds, that we can see the world, like I said, through the eye of Indigenous ways of knowing, the many ways of knowing, and then Western ways of knowing, again, can be many ways of knowing. And then the most important thing is teaching people to see, look at an issue, let's say we have a community that is struggling with suicide. So we have a, let's say a First Nations community struggling with suicide, we do see this often in the news. So we can stand back and look, like talk to people in the community, try to understand what's going on, but then also stand back and try to look at the big picture and try, I think Indigenous education has to sort of help people move between these worlds so that we can do a better job, because I think this Western way of doing things is not working. And we have millennia, like thousands and thousands of years of knowledge in Indigenous territories on how to live a good life and how to be healthy. And so I really think that we have to move out of these linear models and more into spiral or circular models of health and how these things feed back on each other. One thing we've been really inspired by in our program is the mental wellness continuum, which was created by the Thunderbird Partnership Foundation in Ontario. So it's called the First Nations Mental Wellness Continuum Framework. And so we've been really inspired by this model and we've actually just put forward a motion on our committee to adopt, formally adopt the First Nations Mental Wellness Continuum Model, which is a circular model that really looks at how we can work with communities and communities can, on their own, work toward wellness. And the center of the model is really focused on hope, belonging, meaning and purpose. And then around there, kind of like an ecological model gets larger and larger, we look at the different components of the life cycle. And then we move into different types of health programming, like crisis response, early identification and intervention, health promotion and prevention, support and after care, trauma-informed treatment, care planning, integrated service delivery, for example. And then we move into, okay, so if that's our focus, then how do we do that? How do indigenous peoples do that in a self-determined way? How do we measure performance? How do we look at governance of these programs and this initiative, research and then workforce development. And then you can look at the model. It kind of grows from there to really look at all the different structural and determinants of health. So what is your vision for indigenous education over the next 10 years? Well, to be honest, in our program, we're very excited about this model from the Thunderbirds Partnership Foundation. So we are actually really working now as a committee to see how we can achieve this so that our students can leave our program and really be able to speak to different components of this model. Now, some students will have different interests, so some students might be very interested in a certain component, let's say health promotion and prevention, or perhaps they're interested in early identification working with children who, you know, support resilience and strength, or perhaps they're really interested in crisis response, or they're really interested in service delivery models in different communities. So it's up to them to choose, but to make sure they leave our program and can really speak to health in this broad way. They have their own targeted interests, but can speak to, well, how does policy inform health and how do personal choices inform health and how do different cultures inform health and determinants of health, how does that inform people's health? So, yeah, that's what we're, our ultimate goal is now to try to work toward this model with that center of the model being that health and mental wellness and physical wellness is really based on this idea that people have to have hope in their lives, belonging in their lives, they have to feel meaning that their life has meaning and their work has meaning, and they have to feel a sense of purpose in order to thrive. Information materials, resources do need to add participation, like is it from the funding or the others? What do we need? So in terms of materials, resources, do we need? One thing we're really working toward is we really want to have, we have quite a bit of student interest in the program, we're very excited and we have some indigenous people teaching in the program, but we want more. We're really looking for scholars who have lived experience working, you know, as indigenous people or working very closely with indigenous people to teach our students and we're looking for people with varied experiences, for example, indigenous people working government or who have worked in different parts of the health care system or as policy advisors or they've worked in health in indigenous communities and to teach our students so that our students leave here with practical skills with a very strong strength-based focus, not a deficit focus, and I think it's people who have lived experience, who've worked in the health system, who really can teach our students, give them the vision they need to be successful and to fill all of the gaps, I think, that are currently out there. We have such a disease-focused health system rather than a wellness-focused health system so trying to make that shift includes faculty members who can kind of go beyond the ivory tower, who have practical experience, who are, yeah, who can give our students the applied skills they need. That means the people, right? Yeah, so what we really need, I think, is people and so we are advertising for new faculty because there's student interest in our program and there seems to be good feedback and we're hoping people will get more excited about it as we go along so that we can get more and more, I don't know, attract more people. Okay, so my last question, like, you have these modern documents, do you want to share with us? Like you can give the photocopy of these or something? Yeah, like I can definitely share on our website we have quite a bit of information about our program. And then I can also share, I could share this some syllabi, so I could share a few syllabi with you, just to kind of give you a sense of our different, some of our different Indigenous health courses that we're teaching, what else could I share? And yeah, you can look at our website as well and if you, yeah, I think our website is probably the best place to go for now and then one of the big frameworks we're using is from the Thunderbird Partnership Foundation, so you can look at their First Nations Mental Wellness Continuum Framework online and it's really inspired us quite a bit and informed our work and then any readings that you can do on two-eyed seeing, there's quite a bit out there that really help people understand what our work is about and yeah, I think that's... And any outdoor exercise documents, like classroom or exercise something, any documents? Yeah, I mean I teach one of the Indigenous health courses and I certainly have a lot of different exercises that we do in the classroom to kind of ask people to think about what informs health. So for example, one of the weeks we talk about why we have to heal our connection to the land and the role that the land plays in health beyond, you know, just farming and, you know, hunting, but just having that connection with the land, like what role does that play in our health and our well-being? So we have exercises like that. We also think quite a bit about healing in urban Indigenous communities because we know that more than 50% of Canadians live in Indigenous Canadians live in cities so we have a strong focus as well on urban Indigenous health and what can be, you know, what's needed from that perspective so that people don't fall through the cracks. Yeah, definitely we could probably share a few things. One thing we do in, at least in my classes, instead of term papers, I have students write briefing notes because I was, I worked in government myself for a while and often in government we don't communicate through term papers, right? Yeah. The big paper. You're writing a two-page briefing note. It's to the point. It tells the health minister or the minister that you're working for what they need to know. It's, you know, it gets to the heart of the matter and you have to write it in plain language and that's just a practical skill. And so in the class I teach, an introduction to Indigenous health, I have students write instead of term papers, they write two briefing notes about a health issue that they care about and they have to find the information and help them along the way. And then they actually have to pick the minister. If they were to, if they were to be writing this for a minister, either in the province or federally, they have to go online and figure out which minister this would be going to and explain why this briefing note would be best for the portfolio of a specific health or, you know, economic minister or perhaps its environment. So they have to give an explanation for that. And then again, learn to write in this succinct way. So that's kind of a challenge. But again, it's about skills-based learning. And so that people leave with good ideas and creative ideas and big picture thinking and all of those important things, but also with skills that they can take into a job interview and say like, hey, I can write a briefing note. You know, when I went interviewed for government, they interviewed me. And then they put me in a room with a computer and some articles and said summarize these, but they didn't explain what I was supposed to do, which is fine. But I had just, I had had no training and briefing note writing. That's what they were trying to get me to do. But all I had was academic writing. And I got the job, but I don't think I did well on that test, to be honest, because no one had ever trained me to think and to write and to summarize information outside of the typical term paper. And I think that does students a disservice. We have to teach them to write for the real world and the different ways that we write in the real world. And then oral tradition in, in my class, we don't just read chapters. We watch videos of elders. So we listen to audio of elders and we have elders come in the classroom. And they might be assigned, you know, to study for an exam. The students will rewatch the video at home and they will have to learn to study for the exam by listening to the elder. And I think we have to also, you know, think about not just Western ways of knowing, but, but oral traditions, right? We learn through oral traditions. And so having students study and students complain, you know, they, what? I have to, I have to go into an exam and there's nothing written. I have to just rewatch a video and I have guided questions for them that they can work on as they watch the video, but it scares them because in their training so far, you know, they're often, most of our students have, you know, some of them finished a degree already. Others who are of transferred from other undergrad. So they've been in an undergrad for two years and then transferred into ours and some are coming straight from high school. But no matter who they are, in academia, at least, none of them have been asked to learn and study through oral means. They all panic when they don't have the chapter in front of them. So again, you know, many indigenous are indigenous students that understand that when they're at home, this is how they're learning. They're learning through traditional stories. They're learning through listening to elders. And so trying to bring that way of, of learning into the academia, into academia, I think it's a bit of a challenge and yet, you know, I, they can do it. They always succeed. I've taught this course four times and the students succeed and, and they like it in the end, but it scares them in the beginning. So that would just be another example. I think it's very interesting and very like practical implications. Yeah, you are listening to someone and you learn and you can write by yourself and also you can apply when you would be doing a job. Thank you.


week 4 of this course. And in this week, we will move beyond the firm's boundary, we will try to see how sustainability can be achieved through the supply chain across the supply chain. We will see what are the policies, regulation associated with sustainability. Also we will see what are the new start-up, sustainability start-up and also the new financing instrument, those have been come to the market that how it works. Also we will see little bit about the market which is created because of this sustainability agenda. And finally, we will do a synthesis of whatever are different issues, agenda we have discussed across all this module. So, to start with in this session, we will see what is green supply chain, we will look beyond the boundary of the firm that is sustainability across the supply chain. Mostly we will try to address two questions in this session. One, what are the opportunity beyond the firm's boundary and how can the entire supply chain be made more sustainability. So, we will see what are the opportunity beyond the firm's boundary. When I say opportunity, it is about where we can bring the sustainability agenda or where we can make the make the sustainable beyond the firm's boundary in the product supply chain. And also we will see how the entire supply chain starting from sourcing of the raw material till the end product, how it can be made more sustainable. So, now let us understand what is a green supply chain. So, green supply chain is integrating environmental thinking into the supply chain management include including the product design, material sourcing and selection, manufacturing process, delivery of a final product to the consumer and end of life management of the product after its useful life. Now, Srivastava in 2007 in his paper, he has identified what may be the scope for this green supply chain management green supply chain management. This ranges from reactive monitoring of general environmental management program to more proactive practices. So, this if you remember this also we discussed when we are talking about the cleaner production process rather than reactive, how when we become proactive, it becomes more sustainable and it improves the environmental performance of the process. And all these proactive practices, this can be implemented through various R's. R stands for radios, R stands for reuse, R stands for rework, reform base, reclaim, recycle, remanufacture and reverse logistic. So, through the various R whatever the proactive practices that can be managed. So, now if you look at the picture given in the right hand side of this, this talks about part of this re and also part of this changes what is happening at each stage of the product. So, typically here the supply chain consists of three stages material, process and output. So, what we do when we select the inputs we have to use the environmental friendly material, we have to do the process transformation which is more environmental friendly and finally, output what we are getting that has to be also environmental friendly. The journey of sustainability does not stop over here when you produce the output, it goes beyond that that is disposal process, what kind of end of life material we are getting from the product after we consume, then those can be reclaimed, those can be reused, those can be improved and creating the byproduct. And finally, what cannot be used to produce something else that can be recycled, reclaimed product and that is recycled material which again get into the material flow in the reuse processes. So, mostly green supply chain when we are bringing the environmental thinking into all those processes or all the stages of this supply chain of a product starting from the sourcing of input to the final product disposal and the loop gets close when we are recycling the after the product is used when we are recycling and bringing that again to the process or again to the loop of the material input. Now, this is the typical supply chain what I was trying to explain in the last slide also. So, this starts from the raw material sourcing goes to the supplier, supplier goes to the supplier sent it to the manufacturer, manufacturer sent it to the it gets manufacturer it sent it to the distribution, then it goes to the customer and finally, it goes to the consumer. Now, green supply chain typically it ask for the changes in each stage of this supply chain. Now, going further there are there is there are many practices, there are green supply chain practices, many intervention, but this starts from the very popular creep is that is pollution prevention hierarchy as a strategic tool to start the GSM practices. So, this pollution prevention hierarchy it talks about source reduction, recycle reuse, control technology and disposal this typically they value the environmental program in each stage of this product starting from the source reduction to the disposal and this moves from short term to long term and also tactical to the strategic. So, the it is not the intervention is tactical it is more strategic and also it is not a short term one time intervention it move from the long term. Now, how to make the supply chain green? The supply chain can be made green by incorporating green in product design, production process, material purchase, packaging, warehousing, logistic and reverse logistic in distribution. So, we will see few of it, few examples over here and how what are the practices or what are the intervention which can be done to incorporate the green in this that stage of this supply chain of the product. Now, this is the simple model for GSM where if you look at the for it is more about green purchasing, green manufacturing and green distribution and the at the end of it after the customer uses the product consume the product it gets gets into recovery and finally, moving back again to the supplier. So, if you look at mostly the green has to be on incorporated in materials, it has to be incorporated in product and also if you look at it has to be also incorporated when the end use happened and the in the recovery mode it goes to the loop again. So, if you look at the production is at the center of it and all these practices green practices in purchasing, green practices in manufacturing, green practices in distribution, logistic everything can be planned to make the entire supply chain as green. Now, let us start how the green can be incorporated in product design. So, typically when we includes the environmental concern into design we say it is a eco friendly design. So, if you remember when we are discussing about the sustainability tool, we discuss one of the design tool or the management tool that is for the design for environment, where in the product design itself the environmental concern gets integrated over there. So, typically this is a eco friendly design approach, it leads to less material usage that is manufacturing using fewer materials and less energy and this protect the resources and reduce the emission. Also eco friendly design approach leads to minimum operations. So, that less operations less is the impact because less is the inputs gets used over there. The typical example is the input in the form of the energy. Then it is easy to recycle ensuring easy disassembly disassembly then using material that are easily identified reuse and recycled. So, if you remember when we are talking about the Herman Miller chair there from the beginning when the DAP is get incorporated in the design it was very clear that how much percentage of the product can be reused, how much percentage of the product can be recycled. So, it is easily identified that proportion of product which can be reused that proportion of product which can be recycled. So, there is appropriate use of process, machine and tools at the designing level to reduce the excess of emission. So, there are user the kind of process being chosen, the prime kind of machine being chosen, the kind of tools being chosen that is from the design level itself which will reduce the excess emission. This can be multipurpose, reusable and recycle product should have multiple use, be suitable for reuse and manufacture with the recycled material. So, there are also some certification added with this sustainable design like C to C which clarifies and foster innovation in sustainable product across 5 critical performance category that is a material health, material reutilization, renewable energy in carbon management, water stewardship and also social fairness. Then ISO 14062 this is assess the integration of environmental aspect into product design and development and ISO 14001 that enables the company to certify their commitment to the environment by managing the ecological hazard index into their activities. Now, let us take an example of the product design in solar cooker. So, here the product is solar cooker and we will see that how the green is being planned at the design itself. Now, what is the need of the product? Because we know that when we use the traditional source of fuel for this cooking, this creates the indoor air pollution and you will find there are lot of scientific evidence and also the literature that talks about that what is the health impact associated with when we cook with the, when we use the cooking activity with the traditional fuel because it creates smoke and that leads to indoor air pollution which has a health effect. Now, the need for a solar cooker is that it will reduce the indoor air pollution. Also since it is mostly sourced through the wood when we are going for this solar cooker it will solve the local deforestation problem, decimating the animal habitat and other ecosystem function and the bigger economic factor is that whatever the time used for collection of woods and all this thing that can be for the productive use for the female. Now, how they have designed that they have used a shiny metal literally the aluminum foil direct sunlight into the dark pot or box which absorbs the energy and turn into heat. And typically why dark color is being used because dark color are more effective at converting the UV rays to heat rather than the light color. Then there is a glass covering over the box may be used to create the greenhouse effect sunlight can penetrate in but the glass keep the heat from escaping out. So, if you look at here the product there is a need for the product and to make it a environmental friendly product they have incorporated the use of materials the technology what they have used that they have incorporated from the design itself. Then going further let us see that how the green purchasing or green can be used through the purchase of the environmental friendly product and services. So, here the green can be integrated through purchase of environmental friendly product and services the selection of contractor setting up the environmental requirement in a contract. So, this is known also as environmentally preferably purchasing EPP or green purchasing. This is purchasing a product that has lesser or reduced negative effect or increased positive effect on human health and environment. So, this has again so you will find there is I think EPPS or ESSP which also talks about it is not only product also this is environmental preferable purchasing product and services where service is also added over here. Now, some example view initial example of this green purchasing is that they select materials part product and production equipment based on price environmental impact quality and delivery. So, this is one of the example there are you will find that this has become a kind of practice for all the company going for the green procurement. Now, what includes the environmental consideration when we are doing a green purchasing? This is avoidance of toxic substance during production and disposal, resource and energy conservation recyclability and also is for assembly the processing and disposal. Now, the trend what is happening? I will find that how typically this has been planned or how this is this has been practiced as the so called green purchasing practice. So, you will find that when consumer they are looking at eco-leveling before buying a product one signal that this is a green purchasing trend or if you are looking at that whether it is conforming to the hazardous chemical restriction regulation if you are looking for that in the product then this is another trend for green purchasing. Then you are making a purchase which will prevent the global warming that is another green purchasing trend and also looking at the carbon footprint. So, while producing the product how much footprint or how much carbon can be emitted and if you are trying to do that in through the eco-leveling then this is the another signal that how you are doing a green purchasing. So, if you remember when we are talking about eco-leveling in your strategy level 3 when you go for level 3 certification there you get in fact that what is the specific emission which has been created during the process of the product and if the consumer is deciding based on that what is the leveling the product is having and accordingly making a making a purchase then that is a clear signal that the consumer is pro environment and making a or following a green purchasing practices. Then let us see how to integrate the green in production and manufacturing process. So, what is green manufacturing it is the renewal of production process and the establishment of environmentally friendly operation within the manufacturing field. Now, how it can how the green is incorporated in manufacturing or the green aspect is incorporated in manufacturing. Some of the example can be achieving economies of scale in production, lean manufacturing approach, fuel efficient tools and machines, energy efficiency and using less carbon energy sources, then pollution reduction, removal, greenhouse gas reduction and recycling. So, if you look at whenever the company tries to address the sustainability agenda you will find for most of the company the first thing what they do is that they try to see what are how they incorporate the sustainability or green in the production process. So, mostly they see that how the technology can be changed, how the source of energy what they are doing, how it can be renewable or how it can be less carbon emitted. So, accordingly if you look at this is the first loop in the supply chain where typically the sustainability agenda is being incorporated. Then we will see how it is done for the packaging. So, there is a green packaging also known as sustainable packaging and they use the materials and manufacturing technique to diminish the energy use and reduce the harmful impact of packaging on the environment. And mostly they use the bi-degradable and recyclable materials in preference to materials like plastic and stereophone. Now, few thing what they consider while making a green packaging is that they ensure that the packaging should be mercury, toxic and PVC free, they should use the recyclable and compostable material, hazardous waste consideration has to be incorporated while planning for the packaging. The packaging should be such that it is durable and also reusable and also the packaging design should be such that there should be reduction in packaging rather than making the unnecessarily packaging. Then energy efficient it should be energy efficient and also they should use the renewable resources like cellulose and also bi-degradable additives. Now, how to decide whether the packaging is sustainable or not. So, this is given nicely excellently nicely by this nature phrase form that why sustainable in the context of that why sustainable packaging is important and this is if in fact, these are the checklist through this we can find out whether the packaging is sustainable or not. So, first whether sustainable source material is being used for the packaging, whether green disposal options are given in the packaging, whether the packaging is optimized or whether it is also long term cost efficiency. Last one is also crucial because if there is no cost efficiency and if it is just going on incorporating in incurring more cost possibly the company they will not prefer to go for the green packaging. So, last one is also equally crucial like sustainable source material or green disposal options also we need to see that this has to be cost efficient then only this packaging is sustainable packaging. Now, let us get into logistic and see that how the green can be incorporated in logistic. So, green logistic started in mid 19 to measure and minimize the ecological impact of logistic activity and it includes the incorporation of green in the logistic includes all activities of the forward and reverse flow of the products information and service between point of origin and point of consumption. And it effort to balance economic and environmental efficiency and it characterize the logistic system and approach that use the advanced technology and equipment to minimize the environmental damage during the operations. Now, few intervention, few action point through which the logistic can be made sustainable or it can be made green that it should be more efficient packing the way the pack the way the goods are packed into the trucks or the other mode like how efficiently it can be packed. There should be route optimization for the distribution, there should be load optimization then formation of corporate network which are connected by logistic service then optimize the physical logistic process by providing a sophisticated IT support. Direct the other good model or sustainable model is that rather than keeping a intermediary or third party the direct shipment to the customer. So, that the trip each from the producer to the customer not through the third party then the plan for the reverse logistic and also what is more crucial is that what is the efficient mode of the distribution. So, the choice of efficient mode whether it is railroad, whether it is regular surface or whether it is the other mode of transport what is the mode of transport that makes actually the logistic more efficient or it is more sustainable. Then let us see how the green can be added in the end product when it is delivering to the end user. So, the efficient delivery can happen by using recyclable and reusable packaging, delivery in hybrid and efficient delivery vehicle, consolidated shipments, plan for recycling reuse of product component at the end of life and also educate the customer on the recycle and reuse policy because once the product is being delivered then it is the consumer responsibility that how to dispose or how to reuse. So, if you look at this is how the entire incorporation of green the different loop of the supply chain is being done. So, it will start with let us say if you are starting with the extraction of raw material and sourcing then the intervention or the action point over here is the sustainable purchases or use of less polluting material. Then in manufacturing to incorporate sustainability reducing the energy consumption, use of clean technology and reducing the production waste. Then in distribution we can bring the intervention of combined transport, alternative mode of transport like rail, waterway and ocean, the reverse logistic and in product recovery the recycling and reusing of the used product and also the analysis of the product life cycle looking at like how the intervention can be made from each of this loop of this supply chain. So, these are the because the crucial question over here is that when the organization they use the or they practice the green supply chain management or they practice the GSM the what to say the incorporate green at each stage of the loop of the product supply chain what is the benefit they get. So, if you look at here this figure this shows us the environment and social impact of the supply chain function. So, what it is done if you look at the entire supply chain is into plant, source, produce, store, transport and reverse logistic these are the different loop of this supply chain. Now, this we have already discussed in the previous slide that what could be the interventions in each of it. So, starting from plant to the reverse logistic possibly one thing what we did not discuss is that in the in the component of store how the green has to be used. So, here typically the intervention is that design the warehouses to the optimize the use of space and worker productivity and at the end of it what the organization get or whatever the benefit what the company get when they practices the green supply chain management. So, in term of financial benefit they get increased revenue, reduced cost, increased asset utilization, enhanced customer service, in term of environmental benefit it is reduced waste, increased energy efficiency, reduced air emission, reduced water emission and fuel consumption. And in case of social benefit it is reduced community impact, noise reduction, traffic congestion, avoidance, health, safety and security. So, it is not that it is only incurring cost or incurring effort when we practice as the green supply chain green supply chain practices, but it is giving the benefit to the organization in term of financial environment and social benefit. So, in this session we have discussed the or we have understood what it means when we say green supply chain how sustainability can be incorporated beyond the forms boundary starting from the sourcing of the raw material till the end product disposal and again it is bringing back to the loop of the material inputs. And also we discussed the intervention and changes starting from product design till the end product delivery to make the supply chain green and sustainable. Thank you.