In the last class we started looking at one-dimensional flow, I think we have derived the equations right. So the equation that we got, this is one-dimensional, we are just right one-dimensional Euler's equation, dou q, dou t, dou e, dou x equals 0. If you want that in index notation, just for, so that would be dou qi, dou t plus dou ei, dou x equals 0.  Thank you. Is that fine? What we have got? We basically said we do not like the fact that this equation looks a little different from the wave equation that we were looking at. So we wrote it in terms of the flux Jacobian. So this is a conservative form, we wrote the non-conservative form, which is dou q, dou t plus a dou q, dou x equals 0. You will see it is one of the many possible non-conservative forms. It is not the typical non-conservative form because the q is still in the so-called conservative variables. Is that fine? q is still in so-called conservative variables. The equivalent of that in component notation, so what is A? A is dou e, dou q. The equivalent of that in component notation would be dou qi, dou t plus aij, dou qj, dou x equals 0. Is that fine? There is of course I mean it is a matrix equation, so there is a summation over j. Is that fine? Aij clearly is dou ei, dou qj. That is basically aij. I am just writing it in this component form because we need to find out is it possible for us to evaluate to find what is A. So implicit in this definition of the flux Jacobian is sort of an assertion that e is a function of q, that I can write e as a function of q. So I should be able to write this e as a function of q. So e1 is obvious, e1 is obvious. We look at e2 and e3, but before I start writing e as a function of q, I want to give you motivation as to why you should always make sure that you write this properly in terms of q1, q2, q3 and so on. So this is like a gradient. Is it derivative? It has derivatives of the first component with the first component, first component, second component and so on. So what is dou rho u, dou rho? That is why you have to be careful. That is why you have to be very careful how you write this out. I do not want you to hesitate to answer because I set you up but you should also you take. So dou rho u, dou rho, the reason why that question is not properly posed, that is I am differentiating with respect to these, dou rho u, dou rho, these two kept constant. So rho u is a constant. So dou rho u, dou rho is 0. You see what I am saying? So you have to be very careful. If you try to do it directly here, you will make mistakes. I also make mistakes. I want to protect myself from myself. So I am very careful. So I will write e1 as what is e1? Let me write. So q1 therefore is rho, q2 is rho u, q3 is rho et. What I am suggesting to you is always write it in terms of q1, q2, q3. That way you will not make mistakes. e1 is q2. e2 is q2 squared by q1 plus a p we have to figure out. So we have to figure out this p. We will have to pay attention to that p. And e3 is q3 plus p times q2 by q1.  So the only issue is how do we find p? For that we will have to go back to the original definition of e total. Because that is the relationship that we had. What did we have?  And e was, this is C vt which equals 3 equation of state or rt by gamma minus 1. I have substituted for C v which equals p by rho times gamma minus 1. Is that fine?   Fine? Okay. Which tells me this is q3 minus 1 half q2 squared by q1 into gamma minus 1. Am I making sense? So we have actually written, we have written now we managed to write e as a function of q. And it is actually possible for you to find dou e dou q. So the first term for example therefore dou e1 dou q1 is 0. Dou e2, I will do the easy ones. I will leave the others for you. Dou e2, I will write it out but I would suggest that you verify. You check that I have not made any mistakes. Dou e2 by dou q1 is that what I want to do? That is not what I want to do. As I said I am going to do the easy ones. Dou e1 by dou q2 equals 1. Dou e1 by dou q3. I am keeping the rho a constant. I am keeping the rho a constant and I am changing the column. Okay. Yeah. Dou e1 dou q3 is 0. Fine? You can do the same thing now. So you say dou e2 dou q2. This is that there is no sense me doing it. I have a little cheat sheet again. So I am going to take my sheet out. I am going to write it out. So that I do not want to make mistakes here. So I will start with the bottom row because that is the largest. That is the bottom row first element. That is the second element. That is the last element of the bottom row. Then I have 1 half gamma-3 times u-3-gamma. So I wrote the bottom row first and gamma-1. And the first entry of course is 0 1 0. That is the matrix A. Is that fine? Everyone? You should check. You should make sure that you are able to do at least a few of these. You should check. And I assure you that if you do not write it in terms of q1, q2, q3 you will make mistakes. You will make mistakes. I have made mistakes every time I try. It is a little difficult to keep track of what is happening. So we are back to the original question that though I have managed to write the equation as dou q dou t plus A dou q dou x equals 0, A is a very first row is okay but it is a pretty complicated expression. And the system of equations is still coupled. So though it resembles our linear wave equation, it is nothing like our linear wave equation okay. In fact I would think that if you have done linear wave equation I would get 3D coupled wave equation. Something of that sort. That is what I want. So maybe it was just a poor choice of variables. We wrote the conservation equations and as a consequence of our densities of the quantities that were conserved. As a consequence of our densities we picked q which is rho, rho u, rho et. It was a choice forced upon us in a sense by the physics of the problem. Maybe if you choose a different set of variables we will get an equation that is more amenable to solution. After all I am writing it in a non-conservative form. And if you think back then standard non-conservative variables form either you use rho u in temperature or you use rho u in pressure or something of that sort. You are interested in pressure. You are not really interested very often in rho et. You would like to know the pressure distribution. See I am trying to motivate why I want to do a change of variable. So you are interested in the density. You may be interested in the speed. You may not be really interested in the momentum density at a point. You may be interested in the speed of flow at a point. So it is possible that we should therefore choose a q tilde which is rho up instead of rho rho u, rho et. So I will try to derive this now from our yawning equations. I will try to derive the equations in terms of this which means that I am going to do a little arduous but not too arduous calculus. Expand out the terms so that I can get equations, isolate the equations that are the derivatives, isolate the terms in the equation so that the derivatives are in terms of rho u and t. Is that okay? Fine. So just bear with me. We will try to go through this quickly. So conservation of mass, first equation here, dou rho dou t it is not bad start plus dou by dou x of rho u equals 0. So I can write that as dou rho dou t plus rho dou u dou x plus u dou rho dou x equals 0. Is that fine? Okay. So we have one equation. We need to get the other two equations. For this I will go back maybe to the front board. So we will retain this part to write all the equations. We will go back to the beginning.  Expand that out.  You know why I did it that way? I did it that way because I see I have a u dou rho dou t here and in my mind I am already thinking u dou rho u dou x for conservation of mass. In anticipation of that I have split it in that fashion plus dou p dou x equals 0. Is that fine? And indeed these two terms do correspond to u times conservation of mass. u times conservation of mass. So that term will be 0.  So they are only terms that have only the parameters that we want. There is a dou u dou t, there is a dou u dou x and a dou p dou x. So I am going to take this over. I will divide through by rho. Divide through by rho. When I transfer it you make sure I do not make any mistakes.  Is that fine? Thank you. So let us get back to the energy equation now. Maybe I will erase this. Let us get back to the energy equation now. So I have dou rho e t dou t plus dou by dou x of rho e t plus t times u equals 0. So this becomes rho dou e t dou t plus e t times dou rho dou t. Now we suspect we can play the same game. We play the same game because there is a rho u in here.  Let us say expression it is equal to 0. And again we have a simplification due to conservation of mass. This is e t times conservation of mass. Left hand side conservation of mass and therefore it equals 0. Is there anything else we can do? It looks like we have no choice. We have to expand that e t. We have to expand that e t. What was e t? I had that somewhere here. What was e t? So there is a 1 over rho but e t is here.  We will try before we see that the p looks a little complicated expression. We will get to that. We will try to get rid of the because we have done conservation of mass. Let us see if momentum equation helps us out here. I have a u dou u dou t from here. And I will get a rho u dou u dou x from here. Does that make sense? So there will be a rho u dou u dou t from there and a rho u dou u dou x from here. We will see from the momentum equation whether something can be knocked out. So there is a hope. We will follow that path. So I will leave the first term untouched for now. So I get dou by dou t of p rho gamma minus 1. It is the first term. The second term is rho u dou u dou t.  And this sum of all of these equals 0. Is that fine? Can we look at momentum equation and see what we have? I have a dou u dou t plus a dou u dou x.  And that is I can substitute by minus 1 over rho dou p dou x. So these two terms I can replace by minus 1 over rho dou p dou x. Pardon me?  Oh, there is a u dou p dou x here. It will go away. So that also goes away. Fine. Get rid of this stuff. What do we have? What are the terms that we are left with? We will just collect them before we simplify it further.  Make sure I have not made any silly mistakes. That looks fine. So we expand it out. It does not look like we can do anything. We will have to face it. So this is rho. If I take dou p dou t, so this comes out. So I get 1 over gamma minus 1 dou p dou t because the rows will cancel. Minus, if I differentiate this, I get a 1 over rho squared but the rho will, right, 1 rho will cancel.  Is that fine? The derivative of 1 over rho, the derivative of 1 over rho is minus 1 over rho squared dou rho dou t. But one of the rows will cancel the one in the numerator. Okay. Fine. Fortunately, these are the same. So you just replace the t's with the x's. So it is not too bad. It is not as bad as, so this gives me u by gamma minus 1.  I have a dou rho dou t here. So if I take out, maybe I should have left this as, so there is a rho u somewhere here, right. Let us come back to conservation of mass.  Is that fine? dou rho dou t, u dou rho dou x. So I see a dou rho dou t and I see a u dou rho dou x. And they are both multiplied by p divided by rho times gamma minus 1. So these terms can be combined. They have a minus sign. They both have a minus sign in front, which means I am taking them over to this side. Let me leave me a rho dou u dou x, plus rho dou u dou x. So these terms can be replaced by from conservation of mass, rho dou u dou x. Okay. I will multiply through by gamma minus 1.  What do you get here? You get a p by gamma minus 1. Is that right? Okay. p by gamma minus 1. So if I multiply p times dou u dou x, but I have another p times dou u dou x here. Gamma minus 1. Let me not jump this. I am skipping a step. I will make a mistake. 1 by gamma minus 1 dou p dou t, okay.  So if I add this to that, I will get a gamma divided by gamma minus 1, okay. So I will multiply through by gamma minus 1. Now I will skip this step, right.  Is that fine, everyone? Well, we will find out. If I made a mistake, we are going to find out.  How is that? So if this is q tilde, I have rho up. I can write this as a matrix rho up. And I have dou u dou x. See I have rho up, right. I have a dou rho dou x. I can actually rearrange these terms. I can rearrange these terms and write it in a matrix form. So let us see what we have here as a matrix form. What do we have? So q tilde is rho up. So the first term obviously is dou by dou t of rho up plus, can you tell me what the rest of it is? Is there a dou rho dou x here? u dou rho dou x plus a rho dou u dou x. There is no dou p dou x term there plus a 0 dou p dou x. I am writing a matrix now. The second one, is there a dou rho dou x? 0 dou rho dou x, u dou u dou x, 1 by rho dou p dou x. The last one, there is no dou rho dou x, 0 dou rho dou x, gamma p dou u dou x plus u dou p dou x into dou by dou x of rho up equals 0, fine. So I am now able to write this as dou q tilde dou t plus I will identify this matrix as a tilde. I will identify it on the top as a tilde. A different non-conservative form, right. In this case the variables are not the variables we got in the conservation equations as densities. So these are we will call, you can call them non-conservative variables if you want, right as opposed to those variables which are conservative variables. So you have another different conservative form, right. Expressions are easier, simpler. So clearly we are sort of going in the right direction but this is a pain. Even if I have to sit down now, right the next one, the next one I can try is instead of rho up try out rho ut. How do I know, you see if you are going to do this trying to hit the thing blindly, how do I know I am going to get there, right. How many variables can I try? And I may not even chance upon it by, you know I may not even chance upon it. I may not just, we tried once, we did not luck out, we tried rho up and we still got the system of equations that is coupled, right. So we have to obviously get a more systematic way by which we do this. So the question that we ask ourselves is how did I go from q to q tilde, can I, is it possible for me to transform from q to q tilde? Is it possible for me to transform from q to q tilde? Am I making sense? If I have the equation and if I do that, if I figure out how that happens, how these two equations are related, if it is possible for me to do something to this, then I am set, okay. So what is the relationship between these two? So I have two sets of variables. I can get a, I can write these in terms of q1, q2, q3. I can write q tilde 1, q tilde 2, q tilde 3 in terms of q1, q2, q3. Therefore, I can write dq tilde is or dq whichever way. Yes, I do not know which way, which way do you want to do, which way do you want to do it. So if I want to transform from here to there, I possibly want it in terms of q tilde. dq tilde is some p times dq. This is like classic definition of a derivative, right. It is a linear transformation. There is a direction. Remember what I said earlier, right. This is a vector, right. This is a linear transformation. So we do not know that it is a derivative. I am writing it out as a derivative, right. We do not know that it is an exact differential, okay. But I can write out this relationship. What is p? That is an index notation. This could say dq tilde i is pij dq, dqj.  The matrix component, component wise that is how it would be written. dq tilde. Component wise that is what you would write, right. Or we are basically saying that pij is dq dou q or dou q tilde i by dou q tilde dou qj. Yeah, if I have this, so there are different ways to look at this. One way to look at it as I said is you are looking at a derivative. Another way to look at it is that this p transforms dq tilde coordinates. The dq variables get transformed to the dq tilde coordinate, okay. That is another way to look at it. If we pre-multiply this equation by p, if I pre-multiply this equation by p, we will do it here. So if I pre-multiply this equation by p, it should transform, right. It should transform from the q coordinates to the q tilde coordinates. Is that fine? Okay. Another way to look at it is that I am basically just using chain rule. Different ways by which you can look at this. If you look at what this is, right. This is dq tilde. If you look at this equation, I want to make sure that there is no confusion here, dqj, right. And what is the equation itself? Because I have already used i, I use k. So you can do dou qj dou t plus a i a jk dou qk dou x equals 0. You can look at it as we are just using chain rule. Am I making sense? Different ways by which you can look at this. So what will this give me? Dou q tilde dou t plus, what do we do here? Pa p inverse p dou q tilde, oops, dou q dou x equals 0. This of course gives me dou q tilde dou x.  Is that fine? Everyone, okay. Now if you have not seen this before, I suggest that you just go take a quick look at matrix algebra. This is a similarity transformation, right. And what does this similarity transformation give us? What does it tell us? What is the point of similarity transformations? The eigenvalues are the same. The eigenvalues are the same and if you are lucky, in this case we are lucky, right. In this case we are lucky. We have distinct eigenvalues. They are real. I mean there is a lot of nice properties. So we can actually find some matrix, we can actually find some matrix, some transformation which will diagonalize the matrix A. What I am saying is yes, there is a matrix x. There is a matrix capital X, so that x a x inverse or x inverse a x depending on which way we have written it is a diagonal matrix lambda.  You are basically going to, let me just, whether we call it A inverse or A is something to our, I mean x inverse or x is something to our, so your usual eigenvalue problem is A x equals lambda x. I usually prefer to write it as x lambda because otherwise when you make the, make it a vector, you can run into trouble. So if this is a 3 by 3 system, right, you have a full set of eigenvalues. So then you have 3 of these, k equals 1, k equals 2, k equals 3. So I can put those in column matrix. So I get A x, x corresponds to a column matrix, x corresponds to a column matrix equals x lambda. This is a matrix, lambda is a diagonal matrix, right. There are matrices, lambda x and x lambda are not the same. You have to be very careful. That is why I somehow do not, I prefer to say instead of A x equals lambda x, when we are talking about lambda scale or one eigenvalue, I really prefer this lambda k. I really prefer to say A x equals x lambda because when you write it as a matrix, that is how you would write it, okay. So if I were to multiply through by x inverse, right, which equals lambda. So such a transformation exists, you can actually make it, you can actually diagonalize. Is that fine? Such a transformation exists, can actually diagonalize, fine, right. Now as it turns out, we can either use A to find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors or we can use A tilde to find eigenvalues and eigenvectors. So now I will use some prior knowledge that I have that using A to find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors is okay, it is difficult. So I will use A tilde. Is that fine? Okay. As I said, I am already, I erased my A tilde. So tell me what my A tilde is. What is A tilde? U rho 0. Is it 0? U 1 by rho 0 gamma p U. What it is? Okay. So I will cheat. I will do that. Well, that is that. So we want the determinant of U – lambda rho 0 0 U – lambda 1 by rho 0 gamma p U – lambda. I want the determinant of that. That is relatively easy. That gives me, what is the characteristic equation? What is the characteristic equation? U – lambda into U – lambda square – gamma p by rho equals 0. And here a little gas dynamics. What is gamma p by rho? That is this square of the acoustic speed. So that is A square. So you get U – lambda into U – lambda square – A square equals 0. So lambda equals U is one solution.  Is that fine? It is bit of a strain. We have been going through a little intense derivation here. So we are almost there. Right? We are almost there. So it looks like if we find, so what I will do is right now I am not going to, you can try to find, make sure that you are able to find the eigenvectors. I want you to try to do two things. Find the corresponding eigenvectors. Do it for A tilde first and then try it out for A. What do you think? Do you think the A tilde, eigenvectors for A tilde and eigenvectors for A will be the same? Do you think they will be the same? Actually we have performed, this doing the similarity transformation is like doing a coordinate, we are doing a coordinate transformation. You are performing some kind of a rotation, doing a coordinate transformation. So it is unlikely that, it is unlikely that the eigenvectors will be the same. Try it out. I would suggest that you start with the A tilde one first because that matrix looks easy. And everything was easy with respect to it. So try out the A tilde one first. And then see if you can find the eigenvectors for A. What we know as a consequence is that I have, if I have the matrix X, so then I can say that I can find the DQ carrot, I can find the DQ carrot which is a X times DQ. So now you have to decide whether you are going to put them as columns or rows. Otherwise it has to be X inverse. So you can decide which one is going to, whether it is going to be row vectors or column vector. So DQ carrot is X times DQ. And then you can do the transformation. You can do the transformation. So of course I am not saying anything about DQ carrot right now, about Q carrot. Locally this differential, this relates in that tangent plane. That is why I said think of it as derivative. Locally in that tangent plane it relates DQ to DQ carrot. In order to find Q carrot I have to be able to integrate. I have an envelope of tangents. I have to be able to integrate. I have to find that envelope. I have a whole bunch of tangents. The issues can I find an envelope. That is what the integral is. So if you go back to your calculus and think about, so whether I can integrate this or not is a different issue to find Q hat. There may be circumstances under which I can actually find this Q carrot or Q hat. Think of it as a, you have seen this kind of a thing before. You have seen this kind of a thing before. DQ hat, this is small aside. I did not get into this. DQ hat 1 by, I will say, I write it as DQ indicating this is a gradient with respect to Q. And this is the first eigenvector x1. You have seen something like this before. The gradient of a scalar is a vector. The gradient of a scalar, the scalar field is a vector field. When can this be integrated? When can you find the Q1 hat? In the curl of the vector field is 0. It is like a velocity potential or something. It is like a potential. The Q1 hat exists if it is integrable. There is an issue of, whether that all those bunch of tangents, they have to have a certain property that they have to be able to get that envelope. So that requires that the curl of x1, so the curl of this has to be 0 in order to be able to find Q. We do not know. In this case actually it turns out, in a special case it turns out we can actually do it. So if I pre-multiply by that x or x inverse or whatever I call it, if I call it x, as I said x or x inverse is a matter of what we make it, get rid of that. This will result in an equation dou Q carat dou t plus the diagonal matrix dou Q carat dou x equals 0. Or in component form dou Q i carat dou t plus lambda i dou Q i carat dou x equals 0. And there is no sum over i. There is no summation over i. You will not get carried away too much with index notation, no sum over i. So there you have it decoupled. We have 3 as promised not linear because you have a U. There is only so much we can deliver.  So what are the 3 propagation speeds?  So you will find what are Q1 hat, Q2 hat, Q1 hat, Q2 hat, Q3 hat. You will find the Q1 hat, Q2 hat, Q3 hat corresponding to these 3 eigenvalues. Figure out what is it that is being propagated. What is being propagated? Something is being propagated at the speed U. From your gas dynamics you may already be aware. That is a contact surface. Go back, look at it.  So if it is stationary, there is no motion. U is 0 and there is a disturbance. It is going to propagate in 2 directions, plus A and minus A at the speed of sound. On the other hand, if there is an underlying motion in a certain direction, then whatever you have is propagating at U, the medium is propagating at U.  Is that clear? So we have actually picked up. We have actually picked up, at least we feel right now from our gas dynamics background. We have picked up the necessary physics. What we need to do is we will have to ask the question, can I apply FTCS to this? Can I apply some scheme to this and see if we cannot get a solution? Is that fine? So I will see you guys in the next class. Thank you.


A charity has released analysis showing that youth homelessness has increased by 40% over the past five years. Using data from local authorities centrepoint found that in 2019, 121,000 young people presented as homeless or as at acute risk of homelessness. That figure is up from 86,000 in 2016. Even more worrying, this figure won't take into account any extra homelessness which may have been caused by lockdowns. That means they could go even higher centrepoint here have said they have seen a third more call to their helpline since the start of the pandemic. So that's an indication of what the next round of statistics could tell us. In terms of who this impacts, separate figures from the Guardian show that black people are disproportionately affected by homelessness. So as you can see here, and this is using data from the Department for Housing, Communities and Local Government, the Guardian find that 10% of people entitled to homelessness relief are black, despite black people making up only 3.5% of the UK population. In London, the figure is 30%. That's despite black people in the capital making up only 12.5% of the population. The chief executive of centrepoint, that's Sayi Obakin, says he expects these figures to worsen again, once cuts to universal credit feed into the system, something that comes up on so many topics in this show. Ash, they're very sobering statistics, what do you make of them? This is again the way in which different areas of policy actually reflect lots of other areas of policy. So particularly when it comes to housing and homelessness, well obviously this is going to reflect the over representation of young people in the private rental sector, which is the single biggest source of homelessness. Most people are made homeless after having been in the private rental sector, and then 11% of them simply have been made homeless because the landlord wanted to re-let the property or sell it. You've also got I think this race angle which reflects lots of things. One is discrimination against people of colour in the private rental sector. So there have been studies which have been done and also undercover stings which have shown that if you are a person of colour or you've got a name which is red as being somebody who isn't white, then it is much harder for you to find a letting's agent or a landlord who wants you to sign their lease. So that's going to have knock on effects down the line, particularly then when you add to that the over representation of people of colour in precarious forms of employment, the over representation of people of colour in prison systems, then coming out of it is much harder to find a home. All of these things then add up to inequalities and over representations of particular groups, young people, people of colour amongst the homeless population. And I think there's also a third aspect of this which is disability and mental health issues which I don't think have been mentioned so far. So you see a disproportionate number of people who are made homeless, yes, because they have been placed in the kind of financial precarity which we know disproportionately impacts people with disabilities, people with mental health issues, but also both of these things are then exacerbated by the experience of homelessness. So yeah, it's no surprise to me that those figures make for particularly grim reading and that what they show us is that our society makes certain classes of people more vulnerable than others. I mean landlords just don't exist. It is like feudalism because it is in my life I work 60% of my hours and I get to keep the money and I work 40% of my hours which goes directly to my landlord. So that is how feudalism worked. Apparently it was less than 40%. I think it was maybe a third of your time you had to toil the land of your, again, your landlord and you would toil your own land two thirds of the time. Now I have to toil for my landlord even more than the serfs did. Now I mean my quality of life is probably significantly better than your average medieval serf, but still the injustice of it is it's shocking, isn't it? I'm especially annoyed now Ash because I'm after paying them 40% of everything they get to kick me out because they're selling the house. What can be done? Well look what can be done is that one I think that we need to make being a landlord so prohibitively expensive that nobody wants to do it. So you do just have to discourage the ownership of second homes. Homes should be lived in by the people who are paying for it and landlords aren't the ones paying for it. We're the ones paying for it. We're paying off their mortgage. And so that's the first thing is that actually tax them till the pips squeak. Second thing is you've seen this in Berlin as well. You have had legislation come into essentially expropriate properties from the biggest commercial landlords. So it is something which can be done. It's happened in other countries. There's no reason why we can't do it here. And then the third thing is while people do need the availability of cheap rental properties, they used to be called council housing. Now in the video, I don't take a starry eyed view of council housing because you had things like the Ronan Point disaster, which were the result of, you know, criminally poor building standards when it came to some of these concrete prefabs. However, that wasn't the case for all council housing, particularly in London. You still see examples of very well made, very beautiful, very pleasant council built homes. And that's something which I think could very much happen again if there was political will to do it. It is an investment by the state. They own that asset and they're able to set rents at social levels. It's expropriate, it's tax, it's build.


I've been nominated for the Outstanding Contribution to Research at the OU. That was on account of my work developing and leading the development of the new field of animal-computer interaction research, which started when in 2011 I found the Animal-Computer Interaction Laboratory at the OU, which was the first worldwide of its kind entirely dedicated to investigating the relationship between animals and technology in their habitual contexts, designing technology to support animals in their activities, improve their welfare, and improve human-animal relations, but also, crucially, in developing animal-centered methods to design in technology for, but also with animals. So we have, since then, I have led a number of projects or supervised a number of doctoral projects and that includes projects, includes the, for example, these projects in which we have designed technology to support the work of mobility assistance dogs or medical detection dogs who might, for example, be trained to detect cancer in humans. I believe humanity is facing humanity, not only humanity, but humanity and the other living beings with whom we are sharing this planet are facing, you know, some critical challenges, for example, global warming, environmental deterioration, resource shortages, and widespread life-threatening disease. I think that there is a lot that technology can do to address these challenges, but it is imperative that we think outside the human box and in order, you know, in order to do that, I think inviting animals to the design table to help us see things from a different perspective is, you know, is the way forward.


Now we're gonna spend a few minutes talking about when someone starts to energetically pull away from a relationship versus those who have actually walked away from a relationship. And today we don't see much of a commitment in the current dating process. Now let's first understand that dating is a process of getting to know someone with the intent of exploring a relationship with them. Being is a process of getting to know someone. It's a vetting process to determine if you wanna be in a relationship with them. And a relationship, so that's the purpose of dating. The purpose of a relationship should be the exploration of wanting to explore something more significant. It's because when we're in our 20s and 30s, more significant meant getting married, making babies, raising a family. It was something really tangible to hold on to.


O'r sgadfyn ymlaen nhw'n dweud ystod yn ystyried ar y cymaint ar gyfer ddangos. Felly mae ydych yn gweithio fydd yn dweud, mae'n ysgaddu am ddiddordeb o'r cyffredin iawn, ac mae'n ddiddordeb o'r cyffredin iawn i dda'r hyn o'r hyn o'r cyffredin iawn. O'r cyffredin iawn i ddiddordeb a'r cyffredin iawn i ddiddordeb. Mae'n hirno i'r cyffredin iawn i ddiddordeb, a dyw o'n ddiddordeb o'r cyffredin iawn i ddiddordeb. felly rhaid i'r ddweud wir i mor gweithio'r gweld, umdill yr oesaf o ran 100,000 i'r £200,000. Mae'r hyn yn gwneud dod yn y ddechrau'n ddweud eich bwysig, mae'r Rheonidur yn gwneud ei gweld i ymddindodau, rydym i'w gweithio'r rhaid, y lle ein bod yn ei wneud o gwneud, i'r hyn o ddweudio'r ysgafaint, ond wedi ddweud ychydig wedi gweithio bobl. Ond mae'n rhoi'n ledden nhw wedi'n cael deall gyda'r unig, y Llyfrgell, y Llyfrgell, y Llyfrgell, y Llyfrgell, y Llyfrgell ac rwy'n meddwl i'n mynd i'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'r hyn o'r gwaith. Rwy'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'r hyn. Rydyn ni'n rhoi i'n meddwl i'r pwysig, ond wedi cymaint gweithio i'n meddwl i'r chweithio'r hyn, a fyddio'r cymdeilig, ddau drws i David Hyatt yn y llyst dungeons of something brilliant that happened because somebody stood up and took action wonderful so here we are two years later virtually to the day and so I'd love to welcome back eun chambers to tell us what happened next and call out is horrendous watching yourself on the big screen I'm going to hire an actor or something next time benedig Cumberbatch, byddwn i'n meddwl. First of all, pieces of paper, sort of still photo behind me. Guess who's over 35 years old? Older than you, Bob. When I stepped up here two years ago, I was inspired by attending the First Meaning Conference. Some of you may have been at that conference and if you've witnessed Pamela Warhurst talking about growing vegetables where once was only dog shit, inspiration is the only option.  So I stepped forward. But I was also quite fearful. This was partly being foolhardy enough to stand up in front of people with 30 minutes prep in the pub next door. But also I was fearful that two weeks into our six week share campaign we'd only raised 7% of the £200,000 total that we needed to get. I was kind of desperate to do anything I could to save this community space that was at the heart of my neighbourhood. So what happened next? The first thing that happened was that in the team interval just right through there a remarkable man called John Waters stepped forward to speak to me. I don't think John can make it here today but I wanted to be able to publicly thank John for stepping forward that day. John's part of a consultancy called Living Leadership and he offered the use of his professional skills to help the parties involved in the sale and purchase of the hall to understand each other. There's a sort of hint of that in that clip was there's a sort of antagonistic relationship that developed between the church who were selling the hall and our campaign to buy the hall. And what John did was sort of calmly and cleverly guide us to see the real issue that was at hand. And as it turned out it wasn't really about money and it wasn't really about a dilapidated old roof. It wasn't really about expensive building projects that the church wanted to do and we wanted to do. It wasn't really about the broken drains. It was about the community that we lived in and that we cherished and that we all wanted to nourish. Over the last couple of years I've come to learn that spaces like community halls, churches, pubs, swimming pools, theatres, leisure centres, parks, squares, all those spaces are vital if the people of our neighbourhoods, our villages, towns and cities are going to make changes to the way that we live. Clearly we can't keep on doing what we've been doing for decades, living atomised, individualist lives, consuming beyond the earth's capacity. And as Mark pointed out this morning, we're not appearing to be very happy while we go about it. As I said in the clip we seem to have become uncertain and that was spoken about this morning as well. And it appears to me that bringing life closer to home seems to be a vital part of finding a way to live and work and be happy. But how can we decide what we should do, how we should do it, what help we should seek if we haven't got anywhere to gather together? So it seemed to me if they have our whole community could save the hall and repair its roof it could provide protection for us for what we gather together and figure out what to do next. You have to be able to get together. So two years have passed following the talks between the two parties hosted by John the church not only extended the purchase deadline to give us time to reach our target but they also dropped the asking price by £50,000. He's a very persuasive garden. By January last year the share issue had attracted over 800 shareholders raising £180,000. In July 2013 the community of Prestonville and many people beyond including some people in this room became the proud owners of Exeter Street Hall. And this summer after attracting amazing 11,000 votes in the people's millions lottery competition we spent our £50,000 winnings on our new roof. The place for the community to gather is now warm ecologically insulated and waterproof. Bob I'll check later whether Gore involved in that last item. Not only that but to put it in the simplest way possible Prestonville is now a nicer place to live because we saved our hall. We know each other better. We say hello more. We take part. And so I'd like to thank everyone at Nixon McKinnis for giving me that platform two years ago and another one today. And I would urge you all to follow the lead of John Waters and look at how you might be able to offer the benefits of your professional skills and experience in your own neighbourhoods. For while many of these projects are in pressing need of that what we have discovered today is a sort of wildly old rascal money. My experience with the hall and similarly with other projects in Brighton like Hisby Supermarket, the Bevy Pub, the Salt Dean Lido has shown me that just as often the real breakthroughs come through knowledge, expertise, guidance, experience. Community volunteers and social entrepreneurs have almost unlimited enthusiasm. They have abundant passion for their projects. They'll offer hour after hour of their precious time. But the benefit of professional guidance can save many of those hours of research. They prevent expensive mistakes, give purpose and direction instead of sort of chaos and blind alleys. As businesses and as individuals you can make a contribution to community projects and thus communal happiness. Go looking for them. Listen to their stories with patience and humility. If you feel you can't help, don't. But do ask yourself, do you know somebody who can? Above all, step forward, do something. And I'd just like to wad one last cheeky plug. If you want to experience Exeter Street Hall and its lovely community in action, go to the website exeterstreethall.org and book tickets for our French soiree this Saturday. I'm cooking the food and we've got a licence bar. Thanks very much.


Greenpeace is pushing for leaders of all COP26 countries to pledge to halving global emissions by 2030 and not 2050. Its Executive Director Jennifer Morgan also wants the countries to stick to a target of keeping global warming at 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. A big one is whether or not the developed countries are going to be there to provide the support for the most vulnerable countries around the world. Developed countries have to show that they're ready to support those countries in dealing with the impacts of climate change and in helping them transition into a zero-carbon economy. And that's all about this $100 billion that was pledged back in 2009. Will it be achieved or not? And what will they pledge for the future? Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Yeah, I got myself a little selfie stick now. Hey, what's up, my friend? Hey So as you know, it's been around for a long time. I've known him for my god like a decade now, Edson. Yes You know, it's a bit a long time. So and that's it's always been a great guy, man. He's uh, You know, he works hard. He's loyal I see him in the room every day. And so we need to have someone like Edson to help moderate the room So the announcement today is actually, you know, we wanted to introduce the newest moderator to the my investing club room It's Edson right here. So And I really appreciate him helping it's not a glorious job man You know, you need a lot of patience and that's it has a lot of patience something I lack So you want to introduce yourself that's in everybody Yes, uh, well most of the people know me for the ones that I don't know yet I haven't talked yet.  We're not running for the fence not shooting for the fences anymore We just like, you know Yeah, I was not does a day three thousand dollars a day. That's all we do. That's all right But um, you know what Edson's been around he's very experienced He's seen all of the pumps and dumps and he knows what's going on So, you know, thank you Edson and uh, welcome to the team and are you gonna probably quit very soon when you realize it's actually very hard and All these guys asked questions. So we really appreciate you accepting the role. It's not like I said, not a glorious role You know, it's actually but you have to really love what you're doing. It's an truly love what he's doing So I really appreciate it man. I do it. It's a pleasure. I'm when it Not only when you're buying to something about it. It's just that you learn to Oh, correct. That's that's what I keep telling everybody. It's like it's like it's like if you teach someone it reinforces what you're trying to learn So why not put your effort in right and yeah do both so because you're doing it anyway. That's it. You're helping people already. So Yeah, we really appreciate that All right. Thank you man. All right guys. I'm gonna start my family and log out. Thanks. That's it. All right Yeah, so any uh, so he's Brazil right so Portuguese and Spanish. So there we go. So you have native speakers and Spanish and Portuguese answers your man Thanks. That's it So I'm gonna pretty much jump straight into it before we jump. I want to talk about the accelerate real quick I don't want to talk about too much. We always talk about this We released this new course called the accelerated jump start the intention is the speed of your learning curve And we have a lot of people using it very effectively. So if you want to know more Text Tosh go to our Instagram page. You'll see all the testimonials. Don't I mean, we have testimonials every day I just don't want I don't have time post them all so but pretty much it works That's all I can say, you know, I don't take my work for it Go and see what the members are saying the members are here right now on Instagram live So you can even ask them, you know, how do you guys like to course is everything's good, right? So thanks to Joe Kelly and the rest of the crew, you know, we beta tested this for six months. We made it in six months So great job guys That's the accelerator jump start. So text Tosh for for more information. We have a We have a promo which will end pretty soon.  So I think it's not effective when when they think we're like the the Hyundai excels or something Hey, and and someone pricing at $8,000 a year must be good But you know what man? We we really don't want to freakin play that pricing game with these guys We give the value and as you see man, you know, we're always innovating with new things and we're giving out this There's course completely for free for the first month after that. We're gonna have to start charging So don't don't don't get upset if we if you have to start paying if you don't pay now, right? So No one values free stuff. So that's all I'm gonna say.  Today I came in with you know, no formal actually I started a day great.  I was nailing Top-tech doing pre-market.  So what happened was this? I Nailed that I dealt with up top to bottom and then I looked at my P.   It's like here. I am the market just opened It's only been two and five minutes since the market's open. I'm up on five thousand dollars, right? And I'm like, that's not enough.    Why not such a pussy, you know, then I'm hearing Alex is like in 30,000 shares sort of DGL I just stuff like that. And so what happens is this guys? You will never be enough it will never be enough you make a hundred dollars You want to make 500 you make 500 you'll make a thousand.  I want to bank. What happens is this you force yourself subconsciously to get into that stock Big too early So that's what happened. So what happened was okay.  And so I got away with it, right? I got away with it When it bounced, okay, so so here I am sitting With a nice gain Almost small shares in the beginning and then when it bounced up I made money and then I'm sitting there I'm like, okay, man. I'm gonna nail dgl y next. So next you know, I'm in 14 000 shares of dgl y 14 000 shares of dgl y after I did the The offering once again the offering Freaking tanks of stock it traps the long. I mean traps and shorts Fucking look at dgl y man. This is the third second or third offering it did in 24 hours the second offering did 24 hours I'm like this gotta be over.  This must be the top next, you know, boom Freaking the chat rooms get in whatever it may be The sucker risk from four dollars and 50 cents to seven dollars, right?  That's like 50 percent move Okay, I'll there's two things to learn from this. Okay first thing is like There even when you're holding a 20 blackjack, man You never know the dealer may have 21 and you broke and you would go broke. Okay I've already warned the room the reason why I think dgl y is trapping Is because in the morning what we do is always do this guy So I'm going to give you a free bit of huge advice that you probably never hear from anywhere else regarding ssr Calculate what the ssr trigger price for dgl y today is guys. Let's do this. So I'm going to give you a Um, there's some education here. So everybody what what is the trigger price for ssr on dgl y? How do you calculate ssr? That's a short seller restriction rule. Basically it says if a stock tanks more than 10 percent from the previous post You cannot Short it on the bid you have to wait for an uptake. So what happens is you have to fight the trend So in order for you to short it has to be going up not going down Usually what if you know if it goes down here on slam the bid, you know makes shorting much easier So with ssr on With ssr on it's very difficult to short because in order for someone to sell on the bid they have to be long Okay, and so what happens is you know the algos can put up 10,000 shares and the stock won't move Even though you have 100,000 sellers on the offer because they cancel them the big So a couple things happen with that We calculate to be four dollars and 50 cents. So the way you do is you take the previous post You multiply it by point one point nine. So basically one 90 percent, right? They're closing price So it comes up to four dollars and 50 cents. What is the low of the day guys?  Let's go through this exercise right now Is that a coincidence the low of the day is the exact trigger price for ssr They slammed it down to the ssr to trigger the ssr so that they can trap you Ding ding ding ding ding that should be the big big flag in your head Okay, and I did start scaling way up there But then for 50 to $7 that second move is what got me so I'm in 14,000 shares short of this and miraculous I only lost back like 2,000 bucks on it right 14,000 shares So losing 2,000 bucks of 14,000 shares only lost like 20 cents, right?   Why did I get so big?  That's how I lost back 2,000, but that was still a miracle I could have lost back 10,000 dollars easily on that stock and that thing went from 450 to six bucks But somehow I stopped out and I did right I posted my chart.  So 10 30 hits and we know that's a zombie rule guys Okay, this happens all the time. Okay the zombie rule I'm sitting there About to freaking go on my IG live at 10 30 And then htz bounces of course it bounces the zombie rule Then I like I'm gonna do one last trade one last trade before I do Instagram live because I'm like I didn't make enough I didn't make up to that and and this is the makeup trade.  This is my makeup trade That's all I'm like So I'm like, okay.  And so somehow I I went from a 2000 share short to a 25 000 share short I had 25 000 share short of this freaking htz And then I'm like pissing myself.  I'm done So what do I do? I'm like, I'm like, there's a couple things I can do.    You know what happened?    I'm walking around this pond.  It doesn't matter. We can call it crazy. The reason we call it crazy. It's because we screw up You know when you make money, you know, it's obvious I read the market's fine when you lose is crazy.   I'm dumb.     There's just a point where You know what man? I didn't plan on it bouncing that much So I deviated from my plan. So this this is what you gotta learn from guys When you come in thinking you're gonna bank If everything works out you will bank But most of the time it's not gonna work out And you know what usually the first time that you make the trade is the best time The makeup trade is what kills you I should just went 25,000 shares in at the beginning I did not and that's the problem I'm looking for the makeup trade and the makeup trade is the one that kills you guys The first time you make the trade you you make money because you planned it.   I'm very embarrassed about it. I hate talking about it.   I'm like dude.      I'm up yesterday I I have a paycheck coming this friday I have some 401k I can sell You see you see I'm getting out here guys. I have a used card. I'm not using in the garage. I'll sell that Maybe I'll sell my body You know, whatever it may be. So basically you start to make excuses on why you should be in the trade guys And when you see this help your tab I also helped me erase about you do instagram live. I'm like, dude. This was basically 50 cents before I covered I'm like, I will cover on the next day.   It's not really about the money.   I'll survive tomorrow. You know, I'm completely fine now You know that that that's basically a day or two of losses. That's not a big deal for me. Um But you know what it could have been much worse guys I wanted to highlight that this is embarrassing as hell. You know embarrassing is to freaking do something like that So I'm sitting here very embarrassed But I'm a man. I own up to my mistakes. I'm here to educate you that that's the bottom line guys The bottom line is that we're not perfect if I could still make money guys And I am probably one of the most emotional traders out there You guys can do it too If I had better discipline, I might be up 20 million dollars on my career You know, who knows?  It's just you know, when I make money You know, I make it but I could always do better. My emotions are the reason why I'm Not like much better. People think I'm good, which you know, it's all relative, right? What do you think of this?  I'm like, I'm okay It's expected for me to make money So this is why I'm here doing these lessons for you guys Okay, the technical stuff we got it man. We made a dvd not to be able to course We hate using that word dvd. It's not dvd. It's a freaking seven and a half hour course online course Celebrate all the strategies are in there Everything we can teach you isn't there the thing I cannot teach you it's something I cannot teach myself Which is the discipline The discipline and take the loss It's it's a funny thing guys. Check this out. So so when I'm trading well, I am okay with taking losses I show the members all the time.  I'd be dead It happens man. It happens And so we can't all teach you discipline.  I learned from it. I open the mistakes You know, it's not destructive I'll make it back tomorrow, but it's not that problem. The problem is not the money I'm telling you right now The problem is the mindset a lot of traders what they do is when they lose They start to second guess and doubt themselves. And so it's very difficult for them to come back from a big loss They they go they would doubt what they do.  So I'm okay. I know what my losses are You know, I'm able to walk away and eat that loss But this is the thing you learned today guys ssr You never in here from anywhere else You know, we we um We always calculate this and we post in the room two four dollars and 50 cents matters on the dot On the dot something creepy about that right guys. So all right What I like to do is uh, would you like to ask a question or we want to end it here? I'll leave it to you guys should we end it or we should what do you think Alex? Hope you guys learn something today. You someone want to come on and uh Be on this. I'm gonna bring a random person. We're going to get on. I'll do one One person we have time for one person the split screen. I'm gonna be kind of cool So raise your hand if you want to get on the split screen Yeah, man, I talk about this metals mindset all the time because you know We can teach you all the strategies all this stuff But at the end of the day, it's you the trader who needs to execute and be disciplined I'm gonna go someone. I've never seen a name don Don on me This is a completely random individual. I've never seen So waiting for dawn Okay, I guess we'll we'll do connor I'll go live with connor Raise your hand by just doing the emoji Hey, what's up connor? What's up, bell? How you doing man? I'm doing good. Have yourself Good. So tell us tell everybody who you are and all that good stuff The first time we ever talk stuff. All right. I'm connor. I'll break and I am from austin texas Are you an mic or how are you gonna be trading and all that good stuff? I'm actually not an mic. However, I follow you and alex I've been following y'all for the last I guess five years since sophomore year of college And why are you sorry? Yeah, that's right. So, uh, which I probably should have joined mic because I probably wouldn't have taken Taking me five years to uh, I guess get to this point Great man, it's good to be here. So what's going on? What you guys what are you trading? What what what do you want to talk about? So I'm currently so in college. I traded all junior and uh senior year. So I'd trade every single day um, however once I graduated from college and engineering I became And petroleum engineer and started doing olongas olongas stuff. However with, um The market every or with coronavirus going on I've been working remote the last three months. So I should I guess I Decided to come back to stock trading and try to give it give it a go again to Potentially maybe make myself a full-time trader and kind of see see where it goes from there Yeah, my advice to you is this dude Keep your job Because being a full-time trader does not mean trading all the time as you know I really stopped my job. However, I've been full-time trading Along with my job. So I'll wake up in the morning send out some stuff for my job But I'm mainly just been watching watching the stock market, but I've I've been calling it a day I call it every morning from 8 30 to 10 a.m Kind of how Alex does that I walk away in college I would stick around all day and that's when I noticed most of my most of my losses So I've actually on my sixth green day in a row nice and just Going going from there, but I've been trading with interactive brokers and it's kind of nice because I can kind of see which stocks are hard to borrow. So y'all are trading htz Actually pulled it out I'm just pulling it up while you're talking about it and seeing how how it got squeezed because there's a hard to borrow I feel like a lot of the ones that are hard to borrow. Those are the ones that probably gets Could potentially squeeze the most that's the word the most shorters are Let me uh, so so are you mostly long or short? No, I'll I'll short. I've been short. So the last six days Let me give you some advice. Let me give you some advice. Uh, first of all interactive brokers Not the broker you want to be you want to go cobra? Yes, I yes, I actually asked you about that. So I had so I was nervous of uh, I had I think 26,000 my account now I've grown it to like 30 35,000 in the last six days So I wanted to make sure I had it. I wanted to make sure I had it enough It's cobra. I think 30,000 so I don't want to wire everything to cobra with 32 grand make one or two losses and be like shoot Knock now. I'm already under 30 the thousand pattern day trader No, no the pattern day trader hits at 25 Okay, the 30 the 30 is to open just so so that you have a leeway But watch watch your over your good. So so this is what you do man. Call up cobra Tell him that you actually called him. Uh, one of the guys called me from Plano And he sent me the form over and everything so once I hit I think once I maybe I'll do at the end of this week if I once I hit like 35,000 I'll try and wire everything over I just wanted to make sure I had enough before I wire everything over make Couple losses or something were to happen and then I'd go under So I wanted to make sure I had some at least a little cushion before I make the jump So what you do is you tell them like I referred you and then they'll give you the best commission and cheaper commissions So we have a we have a discount for m-i-c members. So Y'all have a 25 discount on if you join Kerber trading correct Yep, yep anybody that's over pattern day traders definitely join cobra Because uh, dude, I get free shares all the time. So when you're talking about hgz is easy to it's hard to borrow Uh cobra was giving it out for like dude It was like two mills, but which is basically I think I paid $50 for 10,000 shares or something like that Okay, 10,000 shares. So so it's awesome. So eight. Yeah eight. So what so you you got actually backwards So if a stock is easy to borrow meaning there's a lot of shorts It tends to squeeze more even more Because what happens is this the more short they're in the more natural bitters there are because the shorts need to cover So they themselves become the natural bitters and that's how HTZ squeeze like that. That's how dgl y Dgl y was free. I got $10,000 free, but you can see it was hard to borrow. There was no because I don't interactive brokers There's no locates Interactive brokers is always hard to borrow right So I yeah today I today I traded so a lot of the oil and gas stocks went are crazy um, I typically try to stay away from oil and gas stocks but like Chesapeake was went down 50 over night QEP resources.  There's like a whole new world Yeah, that's about I've always even in college. I was just like man. I there's a reason You know all these guys at day trade for a living or trading these it's like it's got because then a lot of you don't That's not really you don't have the locates you end up making trades You shouldn't because you can't find you can't you end up trading something That's not as a good setup because you can't find the locates on certain stocks. So it's correct. I think it's pretty important to uh Yeah, be able to have the the options to do that because yeah, there's great great setups I can't ever can't ever trade because because of that but Yeah, so I mean this is good that we spoke So, yeah, I definitely plan on I'm definitely plan on uh moving over in the next Yeah, like the next week around next week. I was gonna plan on wiring as long as I keep Keep going green hit 35,000. I'm gonna wire wire everything over The thing is you're you're doing great by yourself And I really think this is not this is not for me to sell.  I'm a good golfer Right you want to go pro you should take lessons from a pro Right. Yeah, I I agree. I followed off I've been following you guys and a lot of other guys for for years And I've watched probably over a thousand hours of videos to I guess kind of get to this point But it's kind of kind of uh, it's like, you know, six-day win streak isn't enough I mean, I don't even think a month month long win streak in this market is Is enough to uh make make the jump to a full-time trader. So it's just kind of finding the medium of how My my advice is this man because you you're like me I was I was an engineer too So what what happens is you're trading really well right now because you have a source of income The woman you don't have a source of income And you're and you're like pressure to make money to pay the rent That's what should happen. So yeah, it's been nice right now. So hopefully yeah, it's working out working remote. It's definitely give me the The option to kind of dive into it more and actually take it more serious in college I was just holding holding short stock on a cruise ship overnight on a spring break cruise and now Now i'm able to uh, actually take it serious and wake up So This is beautiful time because during the corn team is the time to educate in my opinion Join for a month and see how it is you so i'm saying this is the only time you get the chance to join And that's why a lot of people join right now just to learn right and and so So what happens, you know, you use this time to educate yourself and then you just realize holy crap I'm a good trader. I could be even better trader if I knew these things and and it's all about you This is people people understand education for trading is not necessary to learn new things. It's basically to learn From my mistakes from Alex's mistakes that we we made a ton of mistakes Which led us to come up with a zombie rule things like that, right? Do you hard stops? Yeah, both you and alex fall the y'all are both I know y'all always are live streaming at 11 a.m. Or I guess market time 11 a.m We are in there every day bro. So you're done. So you're done You're done every day by 10 a.m. Or I guess 11 a.m. New York Well, I I stick around because I educate people right I stick around all day to help the room and educate because You know, there's so opportunities to trade it's so that the danger part is sticking around is your discipline, right?  Right, so that's the same way I guess depends what but depending on what your I guess trading strategy is if you're you know going long Around 11 to 2 p.m. When everything Zombie zombie times. I guess there's a lot of money being made if you're disciplined the point is to be disciplined Right and that's the thing so a lot of these stocks will hit the outer lines We call it and when when you have the patience to wait for the outer lines is short is money But that's a problem. I was very early on htz because I was formal. I wanted a bank bank bank What was your uh, what was your entry versus your work and what was your resistance on htz? Yeah, I've that's the thing. I came with no plan It was like one last trade before the IG live and and it ballooned from like let me see what my average was man. My average was looks like 518 with my average 518 was your average getting in so what do you usually use as your first red day? What do you typically use as your resistance to the uh, the uh The problem with the stock the problem the thing that's where that's being very well I I post it in the chat room.  And so we have things called the v-wap reclaim Uh, which is they say rule that once the v-wap gets reclaimed You got to be very careful because now the the shorts are underwater the long time we covered, right? so there's a lot of these things that That you you will eventually learn but it may take you a long time a lot of money So we don't want you to do that.   I never knew about this Pivot lines right before we before I told everybody about pivot lines.  You know, this is not obvious But what we tell you is very obvious like the zombie rules obvious view of the ssr Where I talked about the four dollar and fifty cents on dgl.  I will trade it. It doesn't matter how many Yeah, it seems yeah, it seems like a lot of the uh pre-market's been a lot higher than the opens like on htz I think as a pre-market high was like 631 Yeah, I got in that at five dollars and 47 cents Yeah And that that's the problem. I didn't get enough size and I covered early and then then that that's how I I screwed up. That was a makeup trade and that's how it happened. So Cool, brother. I hope to see you in hey guys text tosh. We have a promo running So, you know, we'll give some deals for everybody that's listening today. So I wanted to keep this short. Thanks connor, man Take care. See you online brother. Yeah, see you man. Bye guys. Have a good day. I'm gonna end up See you guys in the chair


Hi, mae arna bobl Chris Game. Felly mae yna i, DMG. Mynd i digwydd i'n gwneud fyddion yng nghymruoladau a'r dd Sidw i mewn gweld iawn i gael eich gyffredinol o'r ein llyfr. Mae'r ddodw i'n gwneud gwybodaeth o'i gael eu dros gyda'r drwg ond nhw'n ddigonio ac i ddim yn arbennig ran hyn. Gatherwch. Mae'n angen i gyflaes pepperau o'r cyffredin. Felly, mae'n holl o'r cyffredin. Mae'r cyffredin yma eich myfyddiadau i colli ochr a chymdeithasio. Mae'n holl o'r hyffredin. Mae'n holl o'ch gyffredin newydd ac mae'n myfyddych mewn o fwylau eu cymdeithio. Mae'n holl o'ch greisio i gyd hyn, ac mae'n hyffredin. Mae'n holl o'r cyffredin, ac mae'n holl i wneud. bwc neu os ydych i'w gŵr i'w rhoi, ac roedd y gallai gwneud ei fod yn ddim yn bwc yn meddwl. Mae'n cael cysylltu. If that there's one take away from this talk today is that this is a example of how to get some of these things working to start with, that you can just pull down and it does work. So you can actually pick through it and I'll go through it exactly what's going on because I think that would really help me to start with. So this is aimed at people just starting out. Rootsmeneinver, because it has to be slightly comical, it's loosely used in the talk. I want to talk about two different examples so the first is to do with nested resources. This is one of those things where you can really see what use cases they were thinking of when they built this felly ei ddweudio'r cynnigau'r cyflawni arall, unrhyw rhai o implemented 아니야e, maen nhw gyda'r cedlaeth cerdd o'r cyflawni arall, ond dyna'r cig ar y ddechrau'r nhw sydd wedi blwrdd o'r ddefnyddau a'r rhywbl dw i ddweudio'r cyfle i gweld, ystafell ddweudio'r cyflawni arall, o'r ddechrau'r cyflawni arall, a'r ddweudiaeth yna i gyrfa ar y camera. Y cwmysgol yw eich tu'r gweld ar y cwmysgol ar hyn. Mae'n amlwg ar y cwmysgol ar y cwmysgol. Ffonslaid. Ffonslaid. Ond. Ie. Felly, mae'n mynd i'r ysgrifennu am rhaid i'r cwmysgol yw'r gwylliant i gyddon ni'n gweld ar y tîm o'r trwm oed yn y gweithio'n ganddwy, felly mae'r ganddw i'r ganddwy o'r ganddwy o'r ganddwy o'r ganddwy. Ond oes i'r rhaid, mae'n gweithio'r ddweud y llwyll yn ddweud hynny. Ac oes i'r ddweud ymarfer, mae'n gweithio'n ardyst mor cyflawni, a'r ardyst yn fawr i ymwylo, ac mae'n gweithio'r album. Mae'n gweithio i'r fawr i ymwylo i'r fawr, ac nid o'n gweithio'r mwylo'n cyflawni ar gyfer ymlawni. Ac mae'n gweithio ar y cyffrediniaeth, mae'n fawr i'r ddweud yma, is it's actually making a load of requests. So this is an Ember CLI app, these are all built in the HTTP mocks that you can use and it's using the kind of rest adaptor, so it's a JSON API structure. So if I refresh that now, we can basically see it go through and make all those calls, so I've put some delays on some of them just so you can see it kind of building up slowly, but you can see it's actually going away and it's fetching that data based on the relationships that exist in the model layer. So, yeah, so I guess if I show you that in code, so we're talking about the roots here that are just artists, it's a resource, a story of artists, artists, and then within that artist and then album, so in here you've got quite a strong convention, which is that you're using the name of the root and then an underscore ID on it. So what that means is that when this goes away and actually executes the root, you don't actually need to declare those, so if you look in here I've got a root for album and artists but not for artists because essentially what it's doing is exactly the same as this line here for the model where it's just doing a find on the store with that album ID, but that's just convention. Like it's just going to do that for you because that's what it's expecting, so yeah, so I guess if I show you the templates that come with that as well, so the other thing that's going on is that when you go say into artists, we've got an artist root, which is a resource, but we're not using the index template, we're using the actual main template. So what that means is that when that's rendered on the screen, it will stay there and then whatever you've got nested inside it will then render inside the outlet, so that allows you to stack that information, to stack the kind of templates to match the URL structure. So you might think that looks a bit mental at the moment in terms of why would you build an app that look like that, but a lot of the things that you perhaps would use later on, say like Ember Fire and stuff like that, use that method of having everything on the DOM, but it orchestrating what's shown to kind of give you a kind of nice user interaction where as you go deeper into the nested roots, you're kind of overlaying a screen and you're building it up and you can drop back through that just by going back. So I guess the interesting stuff here really is that I'm saying each artist in the model for this, so this is the top level of my models. So essentially we've got an artist that's related to albums and that's an async relationship and then that in turn is related to tracks, which is also an async relationship. So what that's meaning is that until I actually request data from that relationship, it's not going to be fetched. So that again is basically showing that when you come through, the only thing that's causing that to get evaluated is the fact that in the template for artist is that I say each album and then request from the model, the album's relationship. And that's going to go through and request each one of those just through Ember Data and then build them on the screen. So all that's downstream of the models is just the adapter, which is pretty much your bog standard rest adapter that's just using the API namespace just because that's what I've got set up on the stubs, what's the default for the stubs. So I guess there's a few interesting things there just if you do like try and build this yourself like it's very specific because you're only relying on that relationship actually fetching the data. If the payload that you've returned isn't in the right format then it won't understand what's going on so there's a discrepancy between how that works with JSON API and say the kind of active model serializers from Rails. So that's mainly around just the formatting so in here the fact that I've got tracks listed there rather than track IDs I think it is for the active model serializers and that will just stop it working so that's one to watch out for. But essentially you can see that going through and really there's such minimal code there all you're doing is just describing the relationship of the models, setting that rest adapter up which is just as simple as specifying where you want it to go. And then the route is doing all the work for you so as you go through it's picking those IDs up and then fetching everything back. So I guess this is kind of illustrated with I think I've seen this diagram banded around quite a bit so to try and explain exactly what's going on. So that's fine for how a normal route is rendered if you like but I guess what I didn't realise to start with is that there's a bit more going on there because that's just you rendering the initial data but as soon as that template is rendered and you try and evaluate that each that lists through the objects really then what's happening is you're actually kind of doing a bit of this as well. So like it's going back and asking the model that's been set on the controller for those relationships and because they're declared as async then that's actually going back to the store the stores then going out over the wire over the adapter to then go and fetch that data back. So yeah so I feel like it's kind of again one of those things where depending on how you use it there's a bit more going on than perhaps it seems initially and initially that is quite a lot to get your head around in the first place. So there's a few more things with that so you might have noticed when I went into here before and navigated all the way through this that we've got some of these relationships when there's nothing happening there's nothing to show yet you get a loading route so that's basically a substrate that's on each one of those routes. Now that kind of seems quite trivial but it actually changes a lot what's happening so if you saw the talk that Aaron did the other week about how that transition objects works and it gets passed through the kind of the various routes that are transitioning. What you're doing by doing this is saying that so you know that some of this information is going to take a long time to return and by doing it it means that you don't lock the screen up so it will start rendering the previous outlets because when you move into that it's effectively evaluating each one of those routes that's specified on the URL so artists then artists with the idea of one album with the idea of one. And if you didn't have any loading routes in that situation it wouldn't render anything until all of them had resolved so by by kind of specifying these loading routes you allow it to kind of partially or to render the screen but no it's going to go back to another state once the data actually arrives. But what that means is that when the route is making the transitions it's not doing what it normally does which is not making the jump to the next part of the URL unless it's happy everything's been satisfied. So that means that you then end up having to handle the you've got like an error sub state as well because that's kind of where you've got to handle that stuff so it's literally going to transition straight away and then just expect the data to come back afterwards. So there's quite a lot going on there just by specifying that. And I guess the other thing I just wanted to show which is a bit contrived and some pre horrible looking code but I think serves a purpose which is in the route for album I've got this horrible before model looking thing. So essentially the transition objects I'm only just beginning to understand I don't think there's a huge amount of docs from what I could find out for it but so I don't think accessing underscore data is a very good thing so I wouldn't recommend doing that but essentially it's quite impressive that actually all the data that you build up as you go through those routes is in that transition object. So as you're going down that I'm able to go and fetch the number of albums that were returned when the artist was requested and the albums returned back and then fetch out the idea the one that's on the route for where I'm going to transition to and then also fetch the idea of that last album back and essentially what that allows me to do is validate before I go and fetch the data whether there is an album that exists for that. So this is a bit contrived but you get the idea that essentially because you've got in here only eight albums awesome as they were if you were to put in here or sorry seven albums awesome as they were if you were to put in album eight in here then essentially what I told it to do is just stop and go back to the nearest route that it can which in this case is to transition back to artists so you can pick one of the albums that is valid. But I guess yeah there's kind of there's a lot going on in there basically that you can you can fetch that information out. And so I guess that's that's kind of cool that's your your kind of crud like a kind of UI if you like that your data is all hierarchical and all quite nested and I guess that's great for writing admin consoles and stuff like that. But what happens when you're trying to do the right thing you're trying to have all your state in the URL but essentially you haven't got one. So the next example I want to show you is a dashboard which essentially is I guess now all three formats is essentially a kind of scenario that I guess is not uncommon to an app but it I didn't really see that it was kind of covered anywhere in the documentation that was up there. So this is correct I think in terms of the fact that you haven't really badly decided on a URL structure. You're basically saying that you've come in and you've logged in and essentially there is no more state to the app other than the fact you're logged in and you're looking at this page. So in this case it's just called dashboard but essentially all the data you're getting back is based on the fact that you've identified yourself by some other means. And so I'm assuming this has just happened from this point in the example but essentially you're going to go away and you're going to need to fetch a load of information based on that user. So in this case we're saying five different services that are all able to return that information. So I guess you know thinking about this it's kind of there's a lot of ways of doing it but but really trying to make it work in a way where it deviates the least amount possible from Ember's standard way of doing it. I.e. what you'd normally expect to happen is that the route would make some kind of request and fetch a model that would then be set on a controller and then you'd have a template that rendered that controller. So essentially the way of approach that here is that you've got so if I show you the diagram of what's going on it might make it easier. So essentially all the route does is set up a load of requests so using the run loop it will just basically schedule those requests to happen at some point. So rather than it resolving in the model hook and blocking the flow it's going to bypass that in the after model I've said it to but essentially it could go in the set up controller as well. But essentially what you're doing is saying off the kind of main thread if you like I want to go away and do this stuff and I know it's going to happen later and that's fine. So the main execution can run through as normal the route evaluates there isn't any model there's no blocking it schedules these things to happen on the run loop. And all they do is say go to the service make this call when the answer comes back set the model on this controller the controller is not connected to the route they're just ones that are created just for the purpose of this. And then the controller that is actually belonging to the route all that does is alias those other controllers and pull the data through that's been set. And so you know this is a bit of a contrived example but what that means the reason I've done it that way in this example is that each of those controllers does serve as a proxy the same way as it would do to the model in the sense that you're doing an amount of aggregation at that point. So you get the data back from the service you need to perform some kind of random maths on it in this case to come up with with just a percentage for each service and that's bespoke to each one. So essentially that's what it's doing at that level and then the controller level is more like you'd expect normally where all it does is just to give you access to the particular things that have been computed from the payload that's been returned. But it seems like this is quite a good fit in the sense that you've got more than you would have normally but essentially at the point like you're not blocking the flow you're rendering the page normally and then you're able to actually get back to normal straight away in the sense you've just got a single template that's asking that controller for information in this case it's using some components to actually draw the information. But if I go through it and show you that so these are from the bottom up I've got a service for each one and essentially all that's doing is essentially just a plain object that's going to be injected into that route and all it's doing is a standard Ajax fix to set the properties on it. So yeah so I guess there's a lot of talk about services actually becoming a proper class of their own and everything I think but like this weirdly or I thought of it weirdly if you do this at the moment. You do get these popping up in the inspector quite nicely in the container as being services so I'm not sure if they're ahead of the curve there or that's just some kind of magic. But yeah so essentially on the route for the dashboard that service is injected along with a load of the others and the after model is essentially just setting up all these things to happen. So services are injected I've just grabbed those into normal bars fetch the controllers and then each one is just in a simple run once to just fetch that service and then when that succeeds it will then set the model on the controller. And then to look at one of those controllers if we just pick the twisted one again. So essentially this is completely controlled but all it's doing is just pulling the data that comes back off those that are just some arbitrary values and then performing some maths on it to produce a number. So that's called utilisation and it's obviously observing the model that comes back. And then in the in the template sorry in the controller for the dashboard all I'm doing is so needing each one of those controllers and aliasing the usage property of each one on it. And then that essentially just gives me the whole thing back then I'm able to assign that to a property on the controller and then from the template you simply just got the component just pulling through that single value. So it seems like it seems like a good pattern so I don't know if anyone else has tried to fix that or anything but but it just seemed like I don't know I've tried it a few different ways and there's all sorts of routes you can go down but that to me seems like the least like offensive in terms of the fact that you're not really digging into the internals at all you've just got more of what you'd expect to have normally. And I guess depending on what what you're actually trying to solve potentially you don't really need you know necessarily those separate controllers you could be setting those as different properties on that individual controller. And I guess a lot of that stuff potentially changing with 2.0 anyway and the kind of attributes being set for multiple data sources and things like that but but yeah it just seemed like a kind of better solution than I'd seen before. So so yeah I guess that's that's really what I wanted to say I guess just that there's there's kind of I think a lot to be said for just reading the docs end to end as much as you might just think you're trying to solve a problem right now. I think that probably applies to all the documentation that if you just read it end to end then it's kind of like a whole story as to what's going on.  And it seems like I should be able to do it with this method or in this area. And that means you're already narrowing your field and not realizing that there's these other things that exist that really if you've read everything then you'll understand where to look but only once you've read everything do you know where to look. So yeah so I guess if that's that's probably the the main thing that I take away from it is that or from this is just that yeah probably don't rush to fix stuff just try and kind of read around what you're trying to do. And I guess if if that's too frustrating because I guess when you start you do just want to see something work straight away then maybe this is useful like this projects on GitHub. So you can pull it and at least check your sanity by the fact that like this is everything plugged together that does work because I guess the other problem is that a lot of the times when you get into the examples. Some of the things are omitted in the sense of trying to make the code samples brief but actually when you're learning again especially if you've jumped into that article partway through it you might not even realize that that has been omitted you just don't put it in the code and then wonder what the hell is going on. So so yeah I guess at least this this is a start and hopefully it will be useful to someone but yeah any questions. You can fetch it just through that. Straight off of it. Cool. You didn't like the way that you had to have a particular data format in your adapter. There's a serializer class. No no no no. Yeah no no no not so much that I didn't know but just I think sometimes the same thing again if you're if you're reading the guides you might read a part of the adapters that tells you about the differences between the two and then not realize when you're reading the next example it's exclusively talking about Jason API and therefore you know it's I guess to me that's subtle in the sense that the because you're because the the the interaction back. To the model is the thing that does the fetch that just breaks and there's nothing obvious going wrong like everything renders there's no error in the in the in the console and there's no no action over the wire so it's not like normally where it makes a request and it fails because it says it can't marshal the payload. It just doesn't realize there's anything to fetch because it's not going through and realizing that's the relationship that it needs to evaluate so yeah I guess it was just a bit of a gotcha. It's probably more when you're doing things like this that are just knock ups because most of the time you're going to be either one or the other or you're intimately aware of what your payload should look like but yeah I just thought things like that it's kind of. You know it's really clever what it's doing but you have to kind of realize that there's a lot going on under the covers and so like it can just break at some point. We tend to use JSON API as the standard so our serialized is transformed and we often serve it into JSON API. Right. And then just use the standard adaptive processing. Nice okay yeah yeah yeah yeah definitely no one's going to ask me what happens when the resources disappear or why aren't I using resources that's good. So like I know there because they're going to get they're going to go completely as I understand it and so I did look at this because you can nest roots now obviously but that seems to work quite well. So I did try that briefly but the so the stuff I've got doing this basically is a lot older than this so I brought it up to date to a point but yeah I just found when you so when you nest roots it's slightly different in the sense that when you're specifying the links. So where you've got in here so like you would link to album.id that if the root if they were nested roots rather nested resources that would be artist.album.id and then it seemed like it wasn't playing ball with the standard outlets but I'm not sure if that's because you now need to name the outlets as well and like they have to be named by default I don't know. Hg a quick show of hands who is aware of the difference between a resource and a root in a root as Karen stands. So a resource you can think of it as kind of wasting that route up to the top level so you can always refer to it by just its name on its own rather than its name nested down when in all of the roots of it. Yeah yeah because I guess that was the other thing I didn't say actually that in the in the router so it might look a bit mental on the URLs but I deliberately mounted those diagrams at the same level. So that's just to illustrate that although you've got that nested hierarchy if you want something attached to it that a refresh or a direct link to isn't going to evaluate you can still do that because I think the root is just evaluating what's at the top level first. So essentially so I guess to just to show you that if if I went to if I went to the diagram level well so I guess so if I go all the way through this navigation and I'm essentially at the same level that that diagram is going to be at and I click it I move in and you've got the full URL. But if I were to refresh that you shouldn't see any of those network requests go out it's just going to go straight to that route so you can mount stuff that looks like it's a nested level but actually doesn't require all the work to transition through the roots to get there so I guess that's quite powerful as well if you've got stuff that's you know it makes sense from a from a information architecture point of view that it lives at that level it's just that you don't actually need to go and fetch all the data to pull it back. But yeah.