I am going to start with Rihanna, Rihanna Nathu. Rihanna is the founder and CEO of Spectrum Impact, a strategy consulting firm that supports a range of organizations looking to expand their impact investment footprint. Rihanna has held numerous leadership roles in this space, the impact investing program at the Case Foundation, Bank of New York, Melan's social finance program, Rockefeller Foundation, and UN Capital Development Fund work as well. And Rihanna is an adjunct assistant professor within Georgetown University's Global Development Program, Teaching Impact Investing, Social Finance in Emerging Markets, and we are honored to have you here today. Okay, and next we have Rachel Robichotti. There we go. Rachel is the CEO and founder of Adesina Social Capital It's an investment firm that serves as a critical bridge between the social justice movement and financial movements. We love that. Rachel is a leader in the financial industry and she's known for integrating social justice criteria into investment portfolios, working tirelessly and consciously at the intersection of racial, gender, economic, and climate justice. She's also the co-creator of Due Diligence 2.0, which is an organization that is trying to transform the way the industry supports asset managers, particularly asset managers who are people of color. Rachel's passion for social justice is rooted in her background as a black queer woman growing up in a community that struggled for safety and financial security in a town that was largely segregated and we're happy to have her voice on the panel today. NECA is our next panelist. NECA is a managing partner and general partner at Vested World. It's an African focused venture capital firm investing in agriculture and consumer goods and also specifically investing in early stage companies and technology startups in East and West Africa. I think you guys are up to 32 companies to date, which is wonderful. NECA has a deep well of experience and knowledge in African consumers in both rural and urban areas and she's been working thoughtfully on the continent for I think close to 14 years maybe now. NECA has led transactions in creative industries, B2B, retail tech, fintech, health tech, mobility, and logistics. She's rooted in a frame of reference for black feminism and brings an understanding of race and class and gender when it comes to capital and economic growth and we're happy to have you here. So these are our wonderful panelists and I think when it comes to gender lens investing, I'd like to set the stage by us defining that. And so the first question I have is, how do you define gender lens investing? And I'd like each of our panelists to take that. How do you define it and how does it show up in the work that you do? Hi everyone, so nice to be here. Thank you Ashley for organizing this conversation. So as you sort of mentioned in the introduction, my firm specifically works with allocators. So we focus on investors who are deploying capital, have market rate expectations, are impact interested and completely confused. That's our sweet spot. The more confused you are, the happier we are because it means we get to start at the beginning. We get to throw out all of the misconceptions and preconceived notions that we all bring to this space and start with data, which Rachel will talk a lot about because her firm does an incredibly thoughtful data forward approach to investing. But we start with data, we start with performance, and we start with objective and impact. And so in that sort of idea of education and moving together, which is very much a firm principle, we talk a lot about gender or racial equity or really any impact theme as a way of thinking about your risk and opportunity holistically. And we use that language because for so many folks that are new to this space, the moral imperative, even though it's how we are designed, is unbelievably frightening. And it can actually be very segregating in a way.  And so we come at it the other way and we start with the risk imperative. And so for us, gender lens investing is, how are you thinking about half of the population, half of the labor force, and half of the best ideas in the world? Are you looking for them? Are you thinking about them? Are you accounting for them? Are you missing them? And so for us, gender lens investing comes into the investment discovery process. Where do women and girls live and where do women and girls as customers, consumers, and investors? So we take a very operations focused, given what we do. So at Atacina Social Capital, we're a public markets impact asset manager and we specialize in social justice investing. What that actually means is that we partner with social justice movements to understand what impact means. There's a lot of folks in finance talking to each other about data we already have in order to impact the issues. Here's some last because it's so true. And what we do is listen to the community that we intend to impact. So during the Me Too movement, we went to the gender justice community and said, what is it that you would have us do? So for us, the definition is getting out of our own finance box and talking to those who are impacted.  There wasn't any data available at that point about which companies had these policies in place that would shelter the company and the perpetrator, silence the victim, allow this serial sexual harassment to continue. The trouble with the way that public markets and finance were approaching it before that point is that again, looking around data, looking around with data that we already have, a lot of Gender Lens portfolios were being created based on women on boards. Extremely important. At Addicina we believe that safe and inclusive workplaces in society are absolutely necessary for women and gender expansive people and the issue that was being presented and what we were asked to do was to put an end to a practice that was enabling serial sexual harassment. So that's what we focused on and when we didn't have the data we went out and created it in partnership with social justice organizations. So there's about 3600 publicly traded companies that are listed in the United States where this would apply and we built a database that was public that would show the status of a company and where it stood on this policy. So for us the definition is really rooted in what does the gender justice community, those organizations that are led by and doing work on behalf of women and gender expansive people, what is it that they need us to do? So it's kind of a constantly evolving definition. Hi everyone, thanks so much everyone for the reflections. We invest in the private side of things and one of the things that I noted when I joined Vested World a few years ago was that our portfolio did have a number of female founders in it you know we're investing in Africa most of the female founders were foreign and I said this could be a challenge or problem or want to understand how we got here and we had to really look internally and reflect on why that was and what it really meant to invest with a more intersectional lens even as we invest on the continent but I think maybe the founding of Vested World is also really important so our founder Euler Maiko GP was born and raised in Liberia and moved to the US as a refugee in the early 90s during the Civil War. I think for him there was this question about what does this mean to have now great access to opportunity that many people back home don't have and how might he address this opportunity gap over the course of his career and he ended up spending time in Asia and was very inspired by the growth trajectory that he saw there and that's really what formed the foundation of our thesis which is that we need to invest really to create the next East Asia in Africa that our metrics which are very important to the way East Asia was about 30-40 years ago could improve by investing in a range of sectors to drive inclusive jobs and inclusive job growth and you can't do that without investing in women it's been really clearly shown on the continent that women are really the job creators because they are the primary entrepreneurs SMEs are the primary creators of jobs on the continent and so if you have a strategy that's focused and that doesn't take that into account you're really not going to lead to job growth and there's been a lot of research around what does gender lens investing mean in the private markets and many of you will be aware of the 2x challenge and some of the metrics and work that they've done there and there's a broader set of things but I'd say number one that we try and look at is do you have female founders in the group of founders yes or no you obviously want to look at the supply chain and the customers that are being actually served but one of the things we said was that we know that companies that have female founders are more likely to I'd say address some of the challenges that we see in the broader sector that might be around sexual harassment policies or family leave policies or otherwise and so that's one of the metrics that we really track but earlier this year we said is that enough to just have a female founder or does the power structure actually make sense and by that I mean one of our portfolio companies has four founders and one founder has about 45% share there is a female founder she has about 15% another founder has 15% so while her share is similar to the other non-majority male founder or almost majority male founder should we count that as a yes or not and so we've recently started to define this as what's the actual percent equity ownership as a female founder that you have in the company and then we count that share as a yes so in that case it's 15% yes and then in another case that's a solo female founded company that would be 100% yes I think getting deeper into this it's really the question who's making decisions in a company and who's being served and how are they being served how are employees being treated in an organization and how are they growing in that organization and then how are you operating sort of with the broader community so there's a few sets of areas you can try and look at it's not so easy but I think there's metrics and then there's what you're really trying to get at when you look at gender lens investing okay thank you I appreciate all those perspectives one of the things that from what you just said Neko you were talking about the importance of sort of investing in these companies and how that can help with job creation I wonder if you can speak to you know why this particular lens is important like what would happen in the absence of not prioritizing it and not thinking about it do you have another example that you might be able to share with us yeah definitely I think one of the questions is where is capital actually flowing and why or why is it not flowing there and just some context in Africa female only founded teams are getting 2.2% or less of venture capital dollars if you have blended male female founded team they're getting about 17% of venture capital dollars what that means is less than 20% of VC in Africa is going to women as I mentioned women are the key entrepreneurs at all levels in my view so there's a pretty big gap I think what it ends up meaning is that broadly the investing ecosystem is biased in a lot of ways and is leaving ROI for our investors on the table by not investing in women we've seen this show up as we like to lead rounds there is a company we invested in called shuttlers it was a bootstrapped female founded company and the perspective from some VCs was that this is not venture scalable and whether it was that they couldn't see what we saw or that they really liked this other very loud company you know that had raised quite a bit of money but had much less traction I'm not sure but that company shuttlers grew 26x over a period of 18 months in terms of the number of routes and raised a pre-series A round earlier this year and I think it is really about leaving money on the table it's about undervaluing and misjudging women and it's really about saying that we shouldn't invest in women sort of the view that I was getting from some of this oh is it venture scalable meaning maybe the founder isn't the one that should be getting this capital they've created hundreds of jobs in the mobility space in Nigeria and through their bus partners are moving 9,000 people per day in Nigeria and I think the impact they're having is not just on the jobs but also on the fact that women are safer taking this transport than they are in public transportation and there are many other impacts that sort of ripple from that yeah thank you Rachel are you seeing anything specific in this space especially when it comes to intersectionality and like the social justice frameworks like you know what do you think would happen in the absence of putting that kind of lens toward investment is it on yes okay so in public markets we've done a great job of having capital flow seamlessly but it's become relatively disconnected from the impacts of that capital so I believe that it's on the private side it is absolutely imperative to invest in women and invest in solutions that are supportive of women and gender expansive people on the public market side what we're more at risk of if you're looking at the business case is the headline risk or the you know you're the company that had a serial sexual harassment you know set of claims you're also looking at the ability to retain talent when forced arbitration for sexual harassment existed we were looking at multiple studies showing that where the policies existed they were really having trouble retaining talent over time which is becoming increasingly important in a tight job market so there's a business case for it from a social justice perspective one of the reasons we chose to focus on this issue is because forced arbitration disproportionately impacted low wage workers women and African-American workers in the United States so we could actually from an intersectional perspective get a lot of impact for focusing on this particular issue thank you that's really important I don't know if Rahana you have an example that might be separate from that but I'm hearing you know money's being left on the table people can be you know kind of sidelined is there anything else you might want to add yeah I think both Nica and Rachel really perfectly articulated the defensive I'm simplifying over simplifying but the defensive and offensive opportunities of gender lens investing and there are plenty I think the third thing that we see in our client base which as I mentioned is investors predominantly is really just this idea about business model continuity also so there is something that has happened particularly historically in the United States where we have we moved from a traditional philosophy of workers as value adders to a cost center and we changed what it means to be an employer and employee there's not a company on the planet that does not require either natural resources or labor to fuel the bottom line we are on the precipice of AI and technology so maybe I'm not saying that next year but currently you need one of those two things to have a really great year and so thinking about your workers as a stakeholder in the process is a thing that we've lost I think with the current system that we operate in so I would say in addition to those wonderful examples to me there's some serious business model risk Rachel talked about retention turnover costs are astronomical in this country and it's kind of amazing what you could do if you provided childcare or if you simply provided more than four weeks of unpaid your job is kind of cool protection when you're walking out the door it's just amazing that those feel superfluous when they are directly relevant to the success of a business so for some of our clients I think in addition to what has been shared which is exactly right there is this very sort of like new way of thinking about who is actually adding to the business who's creating value for you and then how are you creating value for them thank you that's a really great perspective the next thing is that we're talking about you know why this kind of lens is important what's at risk if we don't prioritize this but you guys know from any perspective whenever you're giving or receiving money you're going to draw critique and you're going to draw criticism if you're on the side of being the person who's receiving the funding being on the side of the person who's allocated the funding and I wonder if you can speak to some of the challenge to respond to skepticism in this space direct critique in this space and feel free to share you know a general view or a specific example if you have have something and this is for all the panelists so you know just pop corn and pop in so we had many people when Addicina started we had many people say it's not possible to drive impact in public markets and what we were able to show this was our proof of concept we work on issues beyond the gender forward issues as well but this was our proof of concept we were central to ending forced arbitration for sexual harassment in this country last year by building investor support by publishing a database and when we started there were less than 20 companies that had publicly ended the practice when we ended there were 396 companies that represented 10 million workers we padded ourselves on the back we felt pretty good about that thought that was good impact but then we were winding down because legislation was coming forward and we began to consult at the highest levels of policy making on what would ultimately become a bill that would one of the few bipartisan bills that would pass to end forced arbitration for sexual harassment in the country so a lot of our naysayers were just like this isn't possible in public markets and what we said was there's power behind data there's power in working in communities so extending our impact well beyond our own portfolio to mobilize other investors that's our approach to impact so it was for us it was really more like a disbelief that impact was possible in public markets and it absolutely is if you're looking beyond your own portfolio I would also say and I feel very sensitively about this as well I do have people that say how can you be invested in public markets at all and I can have one foot very clearly in our vision of a regenerative future but I also have to have the other foot squarely in the present money is power in this world and in this country and most of it most of our collective resources are in public markets someone has to do what's necessary to put those collective resources toward solving our biggest problems and that's what we're up to I would just say it's an ongoing debate in the African VC and ecosystem you get a lot of pushback I think you can just check any of search my name on Twitter and gender or alohoomame from first check capital and just see the various responses is what I would say I try not to engage too much on Twitter so maybe every other month I'll put something out there but I think the biggest critique if you will is that oh there's not enough female founders to invest in in Africa and it's an interesting vicious cycle because of that 20% or so of capital that's going to female founders meaning male female founding teams or female only almost 80% of that is at the seed and pre-seed and so you can imagine that to then get to a series A is quite challenging and there's a huge drop off that's happening I think there is this challenge around actually making bets that are bigger bets than a 50k check so who's getting the tens of millions and hundreds of millions of dollars so I think that's probably the biggest critique if you will I think the other one is that and the data is starting to come now there's a few great data sources for African VC but that we're still relatively early in terms of venture capital which was founded in 2014 doing deal by deal investments and then the first fund was launched about five years ago most VC funds on the content were launched around 2013-2014 so we're just getting this first 10 year data and there's for now only one fund that's fully exited its first fund and so we're still relatively early my hope is that the data will continue what we know from every other market in the world that has this data which is that you are leaving money on the table by not investing in female founders by not investing in diverse management teams by not setting up boards of directors that have diversity on them by not looking at the supply chain by not looking at policy etc so I think people are allowed to be a little bit ignorant in the absence of data and my hope is that as we are building this practice on the continent the data will prove out as it literally has in every other market Rahana I wonder if you could also tap in a little bit maybe to kind of sometimes there's critique coming from traditional investors as well in terms of what it means to look at the quote unquote non-financial factors as a lens for investment and if you can also add to that it's a really important framing I think that the criticism around gender lens investing is not at all dissimilar to criticism around any values based judgment and I think it's a uniquely human experience to take a really complex thing and simplify it to obsolescence like we just can't handle we're not very good in the gray and so criticism around gender or climate or racial equity any of these impact themes they often lack materiality and materiality is an unbelievably unattractive conversation to have in any financial consideration because what it basically means is here's an asterix and nobody loves that and so we spend a lot of time reminding our clients that an investor that is looking at an Addicina product and an investor that's looking at a vested world product might be the same investor but what they have to consider material to that strategy is drastically different that gender in the public markets and gender in the private markets don't look the same that a founder led strategy in a continent that's particularly under invested is really strong and a founder led strategy in a market in a developed economy may not be that exciting and so being able to bring a material perspective to your work what's relevant for me in this market in this place in this asset class and with these constraints that is what we try and do with our investors and it it just adds complexity and so it gets really hard for an investor to say well here is our gender lens methodology because like any other impact theme it's not one methodology it's a different approach to every single asset class and so trying to build just a little patience and tolerance you know no traditional investor in the world takes the same approach to their entire portfolio so neither should we and trying to remind ourselves the patience and the grace and I think the comfortability with complexity that we need to actually get it done yeah I think that's powerful we live in the gray every day so you know we live in the gray with all of our issues and also just life in general I am curious I kind of just want to get a little sense of the room how many we have in here okay do we have any investors in the room okay people who would describe themselves as social entrepreneurs oh right wonderful okay so the reason I ask that is because I kind of want to take us to the point of I'm not going to say advice but I'm not going to say advice per say but like if someone wants to get started in this space you know I want to think about gender lens investing as a part of what I do as a part of conversations like just what would be your guide post would be one guide post that you could point someone toward whether that person is a social entrepreneur or a founder or an investor if you can give a thought I think it's really important to clarify what your goals are and the goal that is the least likely to offend is a goal centered on fairness so if you are on the investment committee of foundation that wants to move more in the direction of racial gender economic climate justice you can have this argument that says why aren't our fund managers reflecting the demographics of the country you know if the country is 51% women why aren't our managers reflecting that the reason it's easier is because that's a value that tends to be shared on the left and right is the value of fairness so I think that's one thing that you can do to like move the conversation forward another thing that can happen is ensuring that it's something that you're doing in community because you're best learning knowing what's coming up and what's on the cutting edge is going to be from the other people who are working in this space I want to invite anyone to our newsletter if you text the word justice to 55444 you can become part of the Addisina community follow what's happening we have some very exciting things that we're going to be doing related to data and trans rights very interesting what public markets investors can do but it's also a chance to be part of a community where there's co-learning happening I would say it's a long journey and so I shared we started at just looking at the portfolio founders I think there's an issue here on joining to how do we really think about the power dynamics in the data that we're collecting so I think just be ready for that journey and fully embrace it I think it's important to understand your own individual biases as you're going to lead the charge if you will but also start to understand them within the organization so I remember after some trainings around what this intersectional metrics might look like for our fund there was some reflection around oh it's going to be really challenging to look at both the return expectations and the gender and and it's just like okay do you want to invest to have the greatest returns or not and greatest impact and then I think there's another piece which is just take that time to reflect on the journey and share and bring others with you and make some challenging choices which might include your investing team and what's the makeup of that team two thirds of my investing team is women I think that was not the case two years ago and we've been very intentional on how we're thinking about hiring and why we're hiring in this way and it's not an easy journey by any means but share and be in community is a great idea from Rachel as well maybe I would just those are fantastic I would just add to that maybe I would just add to that I think it's a great opportunity to have a bigger part of the audience knowing yourself is more than just knowing what kind of change you want to see in the world and having a really good sense of your expectations will provide folks like these wonderful ladies an opportunity to really meet your needs and so we tell investors all the time if you don't have your investment comfort zone if you don't have 25 years to prove this concept that's okay we will find something where you have contributed to the cause in three to five years and so I think for investors there's this impression that you have to shoot for the moon to contribute at all to this movement and I just don't think that's what we've learned we've learned that in a lot of ways moving together in whatever way you're comfortable with moving together and so for the investors and the decision makers I think approaching this space it's okay to have fine bright lines about what kind of capital, what kind of movement what kind of places you can invest in and there will be a gender solution for you thank you I think that's all great advice so I wonder do we have any questions from the audience it might be a great time to take some does anyone have a question ooh it's a quiet room this means we covered all of the topics perfectly oh wait I think we have one there people who are sort of new to investing but really believe in all the principles that you talked about our product is our investment product is an exchange traded fund trades for about $17 per share the ticker symbol is JSTC one of the most important things that we did was democratize access to what we're doing so start with a global all cap very diversified exchange traded fund my suggestion maybe I would just add to that that this is going to sound superfluous it's not meant to be take a peek at what you've got there used to be I'm going to say like five or six years ago there was this movement for retail investors to start to lobby plant administrators so the vanguards, the fidelities, the swabs of the world and somehow magically convince them that we were all going to strike together and then in exchange you have to do ESG it was a dream and a goal and the industry is sort of disincentivized to allow that sort of collective action but what it did do was create a market imperative that people were not willing to stay with plant administrators that didn't at least have an ESG product now do you think the product is very good? no do you need to invest with folks like Adesina? yes so there are I think options out there but the looking, the just taking a peek and seeing what you have I think that there's incredible strength in that maybe it doesn't feel like an allocation to start but it's a great step along the journey I think I'll just add I think it's very powerful to have a group of friends in the space and we've seen a few examples where this can actually lead to pretty significant impacts I was sadly not involved in this but a wonderful former colleague was in West Africa the women's investment club was actually started at a women's day event about five years ago where there were maybe as many of us in a room saying hey let's talk about women and whatever and the women said let us put our money in and they were able to raise about three million dollars from these you know amazing Senegalese women in industry and they invested in public markets to start and then have actually launched an evergreen fund out of that so I think there can be some really impressive power by coming together even in the context that unfortunately women are not investing as much into public markets and perhaps asset owners will need to make a bigger change to actually have the impact we'd all like to see Thank you I think those were great questions Does anyone else have a question in the room? Yes Based on your experience whether there's a particular sector that you have found to be more open or amenable to gender lens investing and by that I mean climate change versus health versus other areas where either investors themselves have been able to more seamlessly recognize that there is a value in terms of a social return on investment as well as a financial return on investment I've been really encouraged and to see the overlap between racial and gender justice conversations that's happened in the past several years I think the Me Too movement and the racial justice reckoning in 2020 were both happened in relatively close proximity where investors started to see that social justice movements are giving us some early indicators of risk that we might not otherwise get signals for in that I believe there was a lot of intentionality in spaces thinking of gender smart which is now 2x and many different initiatives like the work of women of color and looking at the challenges at the intersection of racial and gender justice the more we do that I think the better off we are all going to be because we're looking to solve the problem of having valued some humans more than others and you can do that by race you can do that by gender you can do that by class and I think the more that we the more that we come together to reweave the fabric of our shared humanity and our investing the better off we'll be building on that and I would say all sectors have some potential for gender lens investing and so it really is a question of what are you actually looking to achieve with the investment and we're looking at what I call Africa soft power and within that you all probably know Afro beats you probably know Nollywood now with all these films coming out and unfortunately most of the production companies on the continent are actually not really getting significant revenue back to them so the largest music studio in Nigeria is probably about somewhere between 3 to 5 million dollars in annual revenue which is crazy given all you know Afro beats and so there's a question about how can you actually bring value back to the continent across music, fashion film, etc and many creative industry businesses are female led and female founded and so it's an area that I'm particularly excited about but I'm also incredibly excited about about B2B retail tech and Agri or financial services, financial technology so I think it's hard to say that there's going to be one sector and especially given what I mentioned the metrics around where investment is happening what could end up happening if you say okay we're going to only invest in female founders and creative is that you end up with 90% of fintech deals being male founded so I would say everything can be gender lens in a way like every sector has the potential to have a gender lens deal in it but doing that work to really understand the opportunities is important maybe I'll just underline something that NACA said which is that it is possible across all asset classes and sectors we've certainly found that with our clients, many clients will walk in and say we want to do gender lens investing so we know that it has to be in VC and we spend time with them to explain there's actually a way that gender is not an asset class so there is a way to have gender across the whole portfolio but if you can't then it can live in the investment process and it's not an or it's an and so for some of our clients they haven't had the opportunity to do really cool stuff in South America in waste and sanitation that predominantly impacts women they're not in the right type of capital and time horizon for that to happen but for the investments they're making in the rust belt in the United States they can start to ask questions about how many women are in your workforce what is the pay discrepancy between your highest compensated employee and your lowest are their genders the same are their genders different what do you do around sexual harassment a lot of the stuff that Nika and Rachel both work on so building it into the investment process it's less fun to talk about but I think that's actually where we've seen the highest impact it doesn't stop the dollars from flowing but it does start to remind people that gender is a choice you can make in the way you invest in what you invest in so I loved what you said about it being everywhere because I think it can be everywhere okay thank you I think that's a wonderful question to close on I just want to say that I have a few key takeaways and I hope you took away a few things as well one is that this is complex work but this is important work that the gender lens can be applied intersectionally and it should be and that also we can take a framework to be grounded in this work and expect that there might be critique but you can still do the investing and you can still push forward a lot of these mission driven work because it's important work for us to do


Hello friends, I am Sanjay Gupta. I welcome you on Sanjay Gupta Tech School. In this video, I'm going to explain how you can count alphabets, digits and spatial symbols. Those are available in our stream. And in case of alphabets, we will be counting uppercase and lowercase separately. So we need to identify four entities, uppercase, lowercase, digit and spatial symbols. So before starting of the explanation, I want to share my information. If you go to detail or description of this video, you will find links or various playlists related to C programming. So you can follow them if you want to learn programming or want to watch more programming related videos. So now I'm going to start the implementation. So, so first of all, I'm going to declare character added. Let's say str scientist 20. Then I'm going to declare four variables, C1, C2, C3 and C4 and all are initialized with zero. So C1 will be having counter uppercase, C2 for lowercase, C3 for digit and C4 for spatial symbols. And one more variable will be required. I, that is for counting or iterating the loop. Then I'm writing a printer statement which will display a message enter string. Then Gattus will read the entered string into str. Now I'm going to iterate a loop. So for i equals to zero, loop condition will be depending upon the null position. So if str of i is not equals to null, then this loop will repeat. If it is equals to null, then it will be permanent. So now inside this loop, I need to apply the logic so that I can count uppercase lowercase. So I'm writing if str of i greater than equals to capital A and str of i less than equals to capital Z. So this way, alpha bits uppercase will be completed. So str of i will be having a particular character. So let's say this is our character array. And here I am mentioning D, here small d, here let's say 8, here hash and then null. So one uppercase, one lowercase, one digit and one spatial symbol and then null. So when we will be on zero index, so it is having capital D. So str of i, this will be replaced in capital D. Then it will be compared with capital A and here it will be compared with capital Z. So if D is greater than equals to A and D is less than equals to Z, then this condition will be true. Now you will be thinking how they will be compared. So here one more thing arises that is ASCII value. So it stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. And we have this ASCII code for capital A to Z. So here what will happen, this capital D will be converted into its ASCII code. A will be converted into its, again D will be converted and Z will be converted. So based on these numerical values this comparison will be perfect. So the ASCII value of D will be greater than A. It is true and ASCII value of D will be less than capital Z ASCII value. So this statement will be true. So here I can put C1 plus plus. Now here in place of this, in place of writing capital A and capital Z into single codes, you can technically put their ASCII codes as well. 65 and 90. So if you remember the ASCII codes, you can put them. If you don't remember then you can put a particular character in single codes. So always remember if you are putting any character directly. So you need to put single code to make it as a constant. So I am removing these things. And if this will be true, so C1 will be incremented. Then else if str of i greater than equals to small a and str of i less than equals to small z. Then C2 will be incremented. And if you want to know their ASCII codes, so it is 97 to 112. So in place of small a, you can write 97 in place of small z, you can write 112. Now else if str of i greater than equals to, now here I am putting 0 in single code. So 0 is also considered as character if you put single codes. And str of i less than equals to 90. Then C3 plus plus. And if you want to put ASCII codes of 0 to 9, so it is 48 to 57. So 0 to 9, these are digits. They are also used as numbers. But if we put them in single code, so they are considered as characters. And as C4 plus plus. So if input character is not exist in this range, not in this range, not in this range. So it means it is not uppercase, not lowercase, not with it. So it will be always a spatial symbol. So this way, this for loop is completed. So it will repeat till this null. When null occurs, it will be terminated. And all the countings you can print to print them. So you can write four percenties. And if you want to mention some message, you can also put that. Then C1, C2, C3 and C4. And then you can close your main function. So C1 will print uppercase counting, C2 lowercase count, C3 digit count and C4 spatial symbol count. And also remember this, these are very important. So other than this, other than uppercase, lowercase and digits, whatever as they both are there, they belong to spatial symbols. So this way, I hope you understood how we can count how many uppercase, lowercase digits and spatial symbols are available in a string. So I hope you understood whatever I explained in this video. If you want to watch more programming related videos, open my channel, go to playlist or go to detail or description of this video and find various links of things together. So thank you for watching this video.


Good evening. We'd like to call the Durham City Council to order at 7.01 p.m. Monday, April 6th, and I certainly want to welcome all of you that are in attendance. I'm going to ask if we could take a moment of solid meditation, please. Thank you. As Councilman Brown, if you would lead us in the pledge. I'm clear what you call the roll, please. Mayor Bell, Mayor Pro-Tim Cole McFadden, Councilmember Brown, Councilmember Cattady, Councilmember Davis, Councilmember Moffitt, and Councilmember Shul. Okay, we have several proclamations this evening. As Ms. Lisa, Dave, President, would you join me, please? Ms. Day is President of the Lisa B. Angels Foundation, and this proclamation speaks to the fact that Lisa B. Angels Partners in the Fight Against Diabetes was founded and established August the 28th, 2013, in Durham, North Carolina, where the Lisa B. Angels is a non-profit organization named in the memory of Valicia Patricia Chesnut, who has come to diabetes on November 2nd, 2009, formed the commitment to raise awareness of diabetes and its complications to build healthier lives and provide information on preventing and managing diabetes and other related diseases, where the Lisa B. Angels established the Lisa B. Angels 5K Charity Walk, or run, to increase diabetes awareness in the Durham community, whereas the Lisa B. Angels should be commended for their role in uniting the Bull City Play Streets and the citizens of Durham to increase diabetes awareness, promote healthy eating, and importance of moving with physical and activities, whereas the City of Durham appreciates the Lisa B. Angels and all the citizens who have contributed and continue to contribute to the successful control and management of diabetes and improve the quality of health in Durham, North Carolina. Now therefore, I will be the mayor of the City of Durham, North Carolina. Do I proclaim April 18th, 2015 as Lisa B. Angels Day in Durham? Do I urge all citizens to take special note of this observance? With my hand, the Quapicillus City of Durham, North Carolina, this is the 60th of April, 2015. I want to present this to you today, and I've had the privilege of attending at least one of the events. Thank you, Mayor Bill in the City Council for this proclamation. I would like to invite everyone out on April 18th, starting at 8 p.m. at W.P. Pearson Elementary School to participate in the Lisa B. 5K walk-or-run. It is a nonprofit organization that's raising awareness and funds for diabetes and member of my sister. Thank you. National Community Development Week is, let's just say I'm ready. Whereas the Community Development Block Grant program was enacted in July under the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, and the Home Investment Partnership program was enacted into law under the Transon-Gonzales National Affordable Housing Act of 1990, whereas the CDBG and home programs provide communities like Durham with flexible resources to address a wide range of community development needs, whereas the CDBG and home programs' primary objectives are to support communities by providing decent housing, creating suitable living environments and expanding economic opportunities to help with households of low and moderate income, whereas through their 41-year and 25-year history, the CDBG and home programs have helped create strong partnerships between federal, state, and local governments, non-profit partners and the private sector to successfully carry out activities that improve the lives of low and moderate income people and revitalize neighborhoods in which they live. Highlighted this year by the City of Durham being awarded the National Community Development Association's Audrey Nelson Award, and that's a big deal, whereas the City of Durham has used CDBG and home funds to leverage additional resources to preserve housing through rehabilitation, create homelessness, and rental housing opportunities to revitalize neighborhoods, assist the homeless, and support job creation with the participation of the Citizens' Advisory Committee, whereas community development block grant and home programs continue to positively impact the lives of residents and make a visible difference in the Durham community. Now, therefore, William v. Bill Vell, Mayor of the City of Durham, North Carolina, do have our claim April 6th through 11th, 2015 as National Community Development Week in Durham, and hereby reach out to citizens to take special note of the development projects and service programs supported by CDBG and home funds in the city, whereas my hand, Corporate City of Durham, North Carolina, is the 60th of April, 2015. I'm going to present this to the President Jackson, our director of CDBG and all the other parts. Thank you, Mayor Vell. Members of the council, first I'd like to recognize the members of the Citizens' Advisory Committee that are present if you would please stand. And also, the Council Liaison, Councilmember Addie Davis, the Community Development Week celebrates a vitally important role for the CDBG and home funds that play an important role in revitalizing communities. And the City of Durham Department of Community Development is tasked with the prudent administration and delivery of these significant funds to help communities. The Community Development Department in partnership with the Citizens' Advisory Committee and their reviews projects such as the revitalization of neighborhoods such as Durham Southside to create affordable housing for special populations such as we did as such as dents and apartments for homeless veterans and also to address the needs of homeless persons and families and ultimately ending homelessness in Durham. This year, as Mayor Vell mentioned, because of our creativity and innovation, the City of Durham was recognized with the National Audrey Nelson Award by the National Community Development Association. We were one of only seven cities in the country that were recognized with this award because of our use for federal funds. I would also share that with the, because of the work that we're doing here in Durham, I was invited to attend a panel. I'll be serving on a housing panel this coming weekend at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University to share what we've been doing here in Durham, North Carolina. They heard about us and invited me up to come and talk about it. And so that's really good. So, Mayor Vell, members of the council, on behalf of the staff of the Community Development Department and the Citizens' Advisory Committee, thank you for this proclamation. Daniel Robinson. Daniel is a member of the Board of Directors of Durham's partnership with children. This proclamation speaks to the fact that early childhood from birth to age five represents the most critical time in children's development and is the foundation for success in school and life, according to the National Association for the Education of Young Children, whereas Durham's partnership for children, Child Care Services Association and other local collaborating organizations are celebrating the week of the young child under the national theme of celebrating our youngest learners, whereas the community-based effort known as Kindergarten Registration Week will take place this week in partnership with Durham Public Schools to support children and families as they prepare to enter school, whereas transition to Kindergarten must be a smooth, coordinated process for children, parents and schools that greatly minimizes the achievement gap, whereas making sure children are ready to learn is a community endeavor that involves parents, child care providers, policy makers, business congregations, and community agencies, whereas early care and education is an economic development strategy at the beginning of the talent pipeline workforce, whereas high quality early care supports Durham's current workforce for families with young children who rely on child care to work, whereas comprehensive bilingual evidence-based programs in parent education, health, and literacy, increased family stability, whereas early intervention, family support, and education can break the cycle of poverty that affects more than half of Durham's children and create opportunities in early childhood that have a lasting impact in the community. Now, therefore, I, William V. Bilbell, Mayor of the City of Durham, North Carolina, do hope I proclaim April 12th through 18th, 2015 as the week of the young child in Durham. We have urged all the citizens of Durham to observe this week in recognition of the value of childhood from the ages of birth to five years as the most critical time in children's development, which builds the foundation for success in school and life, and recognize Durham's Partnership for Children and Child Care Services Association for the exemplary model of collaboration which continues to improve the landscape of real education for Durham residents and benefits and presents future generations. With my hand, Court of the City of Durham, this is the 60th of April, 2015. I'd like to present this to you. I'm going to ask for a little patience. I was put on the spot at the last minute, so I'm having to use technology to cheat here. But first and foremost, I want to remind everybody that Durham's Partnership for Children is your smart start agency in Durham County, and Child Care Services Association is your referral and resource agency here in Durham. And I encourage all of you to take full advantage of the programs and services that are offered by those two organizations. For 20 years, Durham's Partnership has served as the convener and facilitator of many conversations around the importance of early childhood education. And as our city leadership, your influence extends far beyond these walls, and we want to take time to thank each of you for the role that you've helped play in the lives of young children here in Durham, North Carolina. Mayor Bell, I'd like to thank you personally. You're a recipient of one of our community builder awards and have constantly demonstrated the importance of young children in your life and in the lives of those around Durham. I also want to take some time to thank our own Paulette Stevens at the partnership who works directly with Mayor Bell on the education component of his poverty reduction initiative here in Durham. City Manager Bonfield has always been a strong advocate for early childhood education in this community. We thank you for your listening here and helping hands. We've called on you many times, and it's always been appreciated. Our own executive director, Laura Benson, works on the Community Workforce Development Board with many of you here in this room tonight, and we've seen many of you on our bus tours around town taking part in the programs that we offer in your involvement means more than you'll ever know. On our board, Rhonda Parker serves in her capacity here in the city, serves the organization extraordinarily well, has become a great advocate for the lives of young children and someone that you should all take the time to thank. Also want to thank Amy Blalock, who serves on our Community Relations Committee, Toya Merritt, who sits on the Evaluations Committee, as well as Nick Allen, who serves on our Allocations Committee. My wife, who's chair of that committee, wanted me to make sure that you guys knew Nick was a great young man, and she enjoys working with him. In our state and nationwide, Durham's partnership for children has been an example. I think it's important to note that we are the only partnership in the state of North Carolina that has an apostrophe in its name. That's because Durham's partnership for children belongs to the community, and I think it's one of the things that makes us different, helps us stand out, and we couldn't do that without the support of those of you in the room tonight. We do take a collaborative approach, as you said, in the proclamation, Mayor Bell. One of the initiatives that we're currently undertaking is our transition to kindergarten program. I think many of you in the room are aware that this coming week is kindergarten registration week. Through that, we will be helping thousands of families in Durham take advantage of the educational resources that are available to them, their opportunities for you to get involved and volunteer. I encourage you to seek those out. We are known as a thriving center for education and entrepreneurship, and I do serve as a board member of the partnership, but in my role as a businessman in this community, I can't begin to tell you how important early childhood education is to all of us. It's important to our workforce that families have access to quality childcare and can get to work. It's important that we educate our young children and create a thriving workforce in the future. Finally, I just want to reiterate that we at the partnership and at Child Care Services want to ensure that all children in our local community, we want to ensure that they all succeed. We do encourage you to take advantage of an opportunity that we have coming up. We are celebrating our 20th anniversary on April 23rd. We invite all of you to come out and participate in that with us so that we can ensure that these resources are available for another 20 years. Thank you, Mayor Bell. Thank you. That's pretty good for not being prepared and reading off those little fonts on that iPhone. I enjoyed that. Don really and his team. This is a proclamation recognizing how we save water. I'm going to let him introduce himself. I said his team. I was going to let him do that. Whereas the City of Durham continues to explore ways to manage the residential consumption of water and to inspire its residents to preserve and protect our natural resources, especially our water supplies. Whereas the City of Durham, as an EPA water sense partner, encourages our community to conserve water and be water efficient wherever possible. Whereas the Wildland Foundation has sponsored the National Mayor's Challenge for Water Conservation for four years, promoting active competition among cities of all sizes across the nation to reduce water use by the adoption of water-efficient behaviors and practices. Whereas from April 1st through 30th of 2015, the City wishes to inspire its residents and its neighboring communities to participate in the challenge by making a series of online pledges to reduce their impact on the environment by decreasing water use and striving to be more water efficient for the period of one year. Now, therefore, I, William V. Bilbell, Mayor of the City of Durham, North Carolina, and I do have the claim that the city is an active participant in the Wildland Foundation, National Mayor's Challenge for Water Conservation, and encouraged Durham citizens to take the conservation challenge between April 1st, 2015, 30th, 2015, by making an online pledge at www.mywaterpledge.com. This proclamation shall be effective immediately and with my hand in Corpus Hill City of Durham, North Carolina, this is the 60th of April, 2015, and I have taken the pledge, and I'm trying to encourage my family to remember I took the pledge. I'm passing this on to Don Ridley. And I believe we have a short video. By saving water, our community saves valuable resources, money and energy. That's why I'm encouraging you to take the National Mayor's Challenge for Water Conservation, April 1 through April 30th, by making a simple pledge to save water and reduce pollution. You're not only doing your part for our community, you can win hundreds of prizes. Let's show the other cities around the nation how Durham takes care of our planet. Last year, we finished in fifth place, but let's see if we can do better this year. How about trying to finish in first place? Make your pledge throughout the month of April at My Water Pledge, Bull City Pledge. I'd like to thank the mayor for participating in that video. On behalf of Wayne Drop and the Department of Water Management, I would like to thank you, Mayor Bell and the City Council for supporting the mayor's challenge. Already citizens across the country have pledged over 400 billion gallons of water to be saved. Locally, Durham is already in the top 10 cities for cities of our size. We know that Durham citizens are very conscious about water and environmental issues and are always ready to do their part to save our precious natural resource. Not only is it the right thing to do, but there are numerous prizes for both individuals and cities. Nationwide, one lucky individual will receive a grand prize of a Toyota Prius, and one winning city will be chosen to receive a Pocket Park Landscape Makeover, which includes the state-of-the-art water efficient irrigation. We want to encourage all residents to participate in the challenge, and citizens and students have until April 30th to take the pledge at MyWaterPledge.com. For more ways to save water and save the planet, customers can also visit DurhamSavesWater.org or at the Water Management booth at Earth Day for more water saving tips. I just want to thank the mayor and the council for that proclamation. Thank you. Larry Rubble. Oh, great. Hey, Larry. This proclamation recognizes Fair Housing Month, whereas April marks the anniversary of the passage of the Fair Housing Act of 1968, which sought to eliminate discrimination in housing opportunities and to affirm further housing choices for all Americans, and whereas ongoing struggle for dignity and housing opportunity continues to be an issue and vigorously local efforts must continue to combat discrimination, whereas the Durham City Council has authorized the Human Relations Division of the Naval Improvement Services Department to take necessary action to enforce the City's Fair Housing Ordinance and the Federal Fair Housing Act of 1968 as amended, whereas ongoing fair housing education, outreach, and monitoring is the key to raising awareness of a person's fair housing rights and responsibilities, and whereas only through commitment, continued cooperation and full support from the Durham community can the barriers to fair housing be removed. Now, therefore, I, William V. Billville, Mayor of the City of Durham, North Carolina, do I proclaim April 2015th as Fair Housing Month, and Durham, and hereby urge all the citizens to take special notice of this observance by promoting good fair housing practices throughout the City of Durham. What's in my hand? Corporate City of Durham, North Carolina, this is the sixth day of April 2015. And I'm going to introduce Larry and Jim Sotheby. Thank you, Mayor and City Council. The Human Relations Division of the Naval Improvement Services Department is extremely excited about all the many activities and programs we have planned for Fair Housing Month. And we want to strongly encourage you to please come out and support these programs and activities. Hopefully you got one of the flyers that we gave you as you were coming in tonight. If you did not get one, I encourage you to go to the City's website and get more information about the programs and activities. And you can also contact us at the Human Relations Division,<PHONE_NUMBER>. Want to take just a moment and introduce my co-worker, Lenin Martinez, our bilingual specialist. Well, now I'm going to say this in Spanish for the Spanish-speaking audience. Se agradece al consejo de la ciudad y al alcalde Bill Bell por apoyar el programa y la ley de equidad de vivienda, lo cual viene a asegurar y a consolidar el lugar de los individuos y las familias de nuestra ciudad de Durham. Como sabemos, estamos celebrando en este mes de abril y el mes de la equidad de vivienda y por lo cual el departamento, en este caso la división de relaciones humanas, estaremos realizando diferentes actividades en los distintos puntos de la ciudad para poder mostrar a la comunidad en general nuestro trabajo en pro de la vivienda justa. Muchísima gracias. Thank you very much. Well, it's Ricky Hart, Chair of the Field State. Who else is here? Margie Clemens is Margie here. The Mayor's Committee for Persons with Disabilities. And Ms. Taylor Walken, who's the representative of the Youth Commission. This proclamation is in recognition of the fact that everyone matters. Whereas everyone matters as a global campaign bringing together local governments, public figures and organizations, schools and citizens, advocating for everyone's rights to dignity and respect without judgment or shame. Whereas everyone matters as a global campaign bringing together local governments, public figures, organizations, schools and citizens, advocating for everyone's rights to dignity and respect without judgment or shame. Whereas the goal of the campaign is to bring people together to embrace inclusiveness and tolerance of everyone's differences. Whereas the Youth Council, Mayor's Committee on Persons with Disabilities and Human Relations Commission are leading the way by organizing and participating in activities that recognize the uniqueness of all individuals. Whereas discrimination, bullying and harassment have direct effects on the physical, emotional, mental and financial health of an individual, on organizational stability in schools, on organizational and financial stability of businesses and communities, and on the well-being of society as a whole. Whereas everyone matters as an ongoing awareness effort that promotes diversity and self-respect. Whereas everyone matters focused on educating people about each other's individual right to live freely regardless of gender, age, ethnicity, religion or sexual orientation. Now, thereby, William V. Bilbell, Mayor of the City of Durham, North Carolina, who have ever claimed April 2nd, 2015 that everyone matters today. All this is April 6th in Durham, and hereby urge all the citizens to take special notice of the service every day throughout the Sea of Durham. What's my hand, Corporate City of Durham, North Carolina, this is the 60th of April, 2015. I'm gonna present this to Ricky first and recognize the others that are with me. Good evening. I was planning on this PowerPoint to play while I was talking, but that is fine. Just wanted to say hello to the members of City Council and everyone in attendance. My name is Taylor Walker, and I am here with several other members of the Durham Youth Commission. And tonight, we just wanted to share briefly with you a visual presentation of our participation in the Everyone Matters program. Now, the Everyone Matters Day took place nationally on April 2nd of 2015. Everyone Matters Day encourages acceptance of others and ourselves as we are, and promotes and celebrates everyone's individuality and uniqueness. Everyone has the right to be who they are without ridicule and judgment. The Durham Youth Council joined millions around the world in showing the words I matter. We celebrated differences in our own uniqueness with the words and the selfie hashtag I am. As a council, we encourage each other and our friends around Durham to use social media in a positive way to promote self-acceptance, pride and identity, and personal empowerment. This is about affirming who we are as we are and learning to accept others as they are without judgment. I hope you were able to see the presentation. Thank you for your time and attention, and especially thank you for supporting the Durham Youth Commission. Thank you. On behalf of the Human Relations Commission, as she said, everybody's a part of the whole situation no matter what it is. It takes everybody to come up with a solution when we have problems. So with that said, it does make a difference when everyone matters, when everybody plays a part. Thank you.  Whereas the City of Durham shares a critical concern for victims of sexual violence, and it deserves to support their needs for justice and healing. Whereas in 2014, the Durham Police Department received a total of 97 reports of rape or attempted rape, and Durham Crisis Response Center served the needs of county victims during 246 crisis interventions, 229 individual counseling sessions, and 39 forensic exams, 33 law enforcement interviews or other court proceedings. Whereas the Center for Disease Control estimates as many as one in five women and one in 33 men will become the victims of rape or attempted rape, yet according to the Rape Abuse and Incest National Network, most will not report the crime to law enforcement, and rapists who are not detected by authorities will perpetrate an average of six crimes as found by Dr. David Lisex, where it's titled the Undetected Rapist. Whereas in Violence Against Women International documents that victims are far more likely to disclose their sexual assault to a friend or family member, and when those loved ones respond with doubt, shame or blame, victims suffer additional negative effects on their physical and psychological well-being. Whereas the Durham Police Department Special Victims Unit has initiated the Start by Believing Public Awareness Campaign in Durham, designed to improve the responses of families, friends, family members and community professionals so they can help victims to access supportive resources and engage the criminal justice system. Now, therefore, William V. Bilbell, Mayor of the City of Durham, North Carolina, do have our claim April 2015 as sexual assault awareness month in Durham, nearby urge all the citizens on April 6th to support the Start by Believing Public Awareness Campaign being launched in the Durham community and embarked this day to start by believing throughout the City of Durham. Witness my hand, Corporal Sill, City of Durham, North Carolina, this is the 60th of April, 2015. I'm gonna present that to Charlene for the comments you may have. Thank you. Thank you, Mayor Bell. I would like to thank on behalf of the Durham Crest Response Center, the Durham Police Department Special Victims Unit and particularly investigator Quincy Tate, who is with me, who spearheaded the Start by Believing Campaign for the County of Durham. There's more information at startbybelieving.org and it's about getting more people to start by believing when someone discloses a assault or rape to them. We would like to invite everyone to join us on Friday, April 17th at 5.30 at the Farmers Market for our first county-wide Take Back the Night march as part of Sexual Assault Awareness Month as well. Thank you. Okay, let me ask if there are comments by members of the council. Recognize the Mayor, Pro Tem. I would just like to share a testimony about the Mayor's challenge for water conservation. I have been trying to walk the talk for years and years until I have several rain barrels at my house. But I have a sign right over my kitchen sink that says use water wisely. About a week ago, when my grand dog, DOG, Dallas visits me very often. Last week his mom said that Dallas was barking at home. He was at home barking. And she didn't understand why he was barking. So apparently he led her to the kitchen where the faucet was dripping. And after she turned the faucet off, he stopped barking. Now I'm convinced that my grand dog can read. Even if he can't read, he understands the importance of water conservation. So my whole family accepts the challenge, Mr. Mayor. And if Dallas is listening, Dallas, I hope you'll continue. Keep up the good work. Well, I'm gonna make two announcements. Mr. Mayor. Okay, go ahead. Or unless you wanted to follow that, that's hard. That's a far-dack. I didn't know if you were through with the person. No, I was gonna make a comment. Two comments. Go ahead. Okay, thank you. It's all about Durham. That's when I'm gonna make these two comments. I know it tonight is tonight also. So I'm gonna announce two things. My daughter received a phone call from her grandmother today about a last name Oakley. And she was calling to say to her grandson, Lowell Oakley is on the program called Divorce. Now I don't know how many of you know about Divorce, but I know my family knows about Divorce. And it's on Monday night. And we know what else has happened Monday night. It's on Tuesday nights. But she wants to carriage everybody to vote for her grandson. And so I said I spread the word and follow those that look at Divorce. You can do it tonight or tomorrow. And his name is Lowell Oakley. And he's on a team of Fonelle Williams. That's one announcement for her. For real, we've got our vote, okay. What channel is it? NBC. The second announcement is that, we all know what's happening tonight. And that's why we go get out here. But I just wanted to make the council aware that I spoke to Mayor Sauglin, who's the mayor of Madison, Wisconsin. And we have a little wager going on. I know Paul from our meetings. And he said, well, I said, I want you to get up in Wisconsin. We got barbecue down here in Durham. He said, well, the last four times I've done this, I've shipped, I don't know how much, we have the finest cheese in Wisconsin. That's what he told me. He said, I've shipped four loads of cheese. Last time I made a bet, I said, well, I hope it doesn't break your record because we want you to ship another load to Durham tomorrow after this game. So we're betting barbecue against Wisconsin's finest cheese. And we have buku and cheese, right? Okay. End of my announcement. All right, Gene Brown. Thank you, Mr. Mayor. Cheese is healthier, but anyway. I have a personal announcement about my nephew, Nick Brown, my brother's son who grew up in Denver. His mother is an editor with a Denver Post. And of course, his father is my twin brother and served on the Denver City Council for 14 years. Nick graduated from USC, University of Southern California, and then served two years with, in fact, he's serving now. It's his final year, teach for America in Mississippi. But we learned just last week that he was named as a Fulbright scholar. So we're very happy and pleased with that. And he will be assigned to Columbia, South America to teach at one of their fine universities there. So I just want to throw an answer. Announcements. Great, Gene. Okay. We'll ask other prior items by the city manager. Thank you, Mr. Mayor. Good evening, everyone. Priority items this evening, several applicants for tonight's meeting who have requested to have their comprehensive plan amendments and or zoning map changes cases continued to the next, which is the April 20th, 2015 city council business meeting. As such, I'm recommending that the city council open and then continue the public hearings on the following cases to that April 20th, 2015 meeting, which otherwise were advertised and scheduled for tonight's meeting. Agenda item number 15, zoning map change, Sutton station. Agenda item number 17, comprehensive plan amendment, Hamilton center two. Agenda item number 18, zoning map change, Hamilton center two. Agenda item number 21, comprehensive plan amendment, highway 54, residential. Agenda item number 22, zoning map change, highway 54, residential. That's all my priority items. Well, I know somebody's going to... Okay. It's been probably moving second. Madam clerk, will you open the vote? It passes seven is zero. Pass out thanks along those people. See them next time. Doesn't mean we're going to do anything about what they asked them for, but I recognize they see the attorney. Thank you, Mr. Mayor. No priority items. Likewise city clerk. No, I missed a mayor. Okay. We're proceed with the agenda. First item being the consent agenda and consent agenda items can be approved with a single vote unless it's moved by a council member somewhere from the public. We'll discuss that at the end of the agenda. Item one is approval of city council minutes. Item two is the mayor's appointee to the Durham Historic Preservation Commission. Item three is the Durham City County Appearance Commission appointments. Item four is the street infrastructure acceptances. Item five is FY 2015, 2016 budget development guidelines that will pull that item. Item seven is the bid report for 2015. Item eight is the bid annual police vehicle purchase. Item nine is third amendment to contract for design services for the West Elevator Creek trail phase with stew and engineering Inc. Item 10 is encroachment easement and agreement with Diamond View, one LLC at Durham Bulls Athletic Park. Item 11 is the proposed condemnation of property located at 531 East Carver Street, parcel ID 172105 for the Carver Street extension project. Item 12 is 2015 high intensity drug trafficking area, grant award, we'll pull that item. Item 14 through 22 items that can be found on the general business agenda as public hearings. Entertainment motion for the approval of consent agenda with the exception of items five and 12. It's been a proper move for second round click. We open the vote, close the vote. It passes seven to zero. We move to the general business agenda, public hearings. Item 14 is zoning map change, Hendricks South Point overall Z1400023. Good evening, Mr. Mayor, members of council, Pat Young with the planning department. I can first certify for the record that all public hearing items before you tonight have been advertised in accordance with requirements of law. They're happy, David, to that effect on file with the planning department. I'll now introduce agenda item number 14, Hendricks South Point overall. The case before you is a request to change the zoning designation of 80.7 acres of property located at 107 Kennington Drive from its current zoning designation of commercial general with a development plan to commercial general with a development plan with slight modifications to committed elements to allow up to 330,000 square feet of commercial development. What this request does is essentially combine two recently approved zoning map change request, Z1200025, which was for the eastern portion of the site and Z140002 for the western portion of the site, which would allow the applicant to remove required project boundary buffer between those projects. The site is within the FJB Watershed Protection Overlay and there are commitments greater than ordinance requirements associated with this request that are outlined in detail in your staff report. Staff determines this request is consistent with the comprehensive plan and other adopted policies and ordinances and the planning commission recommended approval of this item at their February 10th meeting by a vote of 12 to zero. I'll be happy to take any questions. Thank you. You've heard the staff report. It's a public hearing. The public hearing is open. We'll ask first are the questions, comments from members of the council on this item. If not, we have one person that's signed up to speak. Louis Cheek for the proponent. Does anyone else that wants to speak on this item either for or against? If not, you have three minutes. Louis Cheek for Hendrick. I'll be glad to answer any questions you have. Recognize Councilman Shewell. Who you're reading for tonight, Mr. Cheek? This will determine my vote. The Blue Dalles. That's a fair question. May I move the item? Second. Let me close the public hearing. Oh, okay. Let me close the public hearing. Does anyone else that wants to speak on this item either for or against? Let the director reflect. No one else has to speak on this item. Let the public hearing close. As a matter of fact, before the council. So moved. It's been a proper move for the second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? Open the vote. It passes seven to zero. Thank you. One motion. Is it just one motion? There needs to be the consistency. A statement needs to be adopted. I'll move the consistency statement. It's been a proper move for the second. All in favor of the motion. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? It passes seven to zero. We just need to open the public hearing. Okay. For 15. Item 15 is the zoning map change, Sutton station, Z-14-0025. Open the public hearing. Item. Stand with assembly asked that you open the public hearing. Continue this to the next council meeting on the 20th. At that point, staff will be prepared to do a full staff presentation. Yeah. It's been properly moved. And there's a second. Second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? Close the vote. It passes seven to zero. Why don't we do this? Why don't we do the ones that are going to be continued. 15, 17, 18. We're going to open 18. If the staff is here for you. Mr. Mayor, it's 17, 18, 21, and 22. I know. Do we have to do them individually? That can be done in mass, if you so choose. I can. Okay. I'll move that we, oh right. The public hearing is open. Entertain a motion on, the public hearing is open for 17, 18, 21, and 22. It's been properly moved. Second. Continue to when? April 20th. Okay. You got all that now? All right. Everybody wants to get out here. Will you open the vote? Close the vote. It passes seven to zero. Okay. We'll go back to item 16, which is zoning map change, auto park center, Z 14, 0, 0, 0, 11. Thank you, Mr. Mayor, members of council, Pat Young again with the planning department. The case before you auto park center is a request to change the zoning map designation of 6.23 acres of land located at 7520 NC 751, which is at NC 751's intersection with Interstate 40 from its current zoning designation of commercial neighborhood or CN with a development plan to commercial general or CG with a development plan, which would allow for a mix of retail and restaurant uses between 5,000 and 40,000 square feet of floor area. The development plan associated with this request does include commitments in excess of ordinance requirements, and this is to limit the uses allowable on site, specifically no residential or electronic gaming uses, and also includes roadway and access improvements in addition to other commitments are outlined in detail in your staff report associated with this item. Staff has determined this request is consistent with the comprehensive plan and other adopted policies and ordinances and the planning commission recommended approval of this item at its February 10th meeting by a vote of 12 to zero. I'll be happy to take any questions. Again, the public hearing is open. You've heard the staff report. Are there questions? First by members of the council. If not recognize Patrick Biker. Before you begin, is anyone else that wants to speak on this item? This is a public hearing. All right, back to you at three minutes. Good evening, Mayor Bell, Mayor Pro Tem Cole McFadden, members of the city council. My name is Patrick Biker. I live at 2614 Stewart Drive. I'm an attorney with Morningstar Law Group in Durham. I'm here tonight representing sheets for this zoning map change. Our team from Sheets is here in the second row, in case you have any questions at the end. Long story short, we strongly believe that the 6.23 acres that we are looking at tonight, directly across from the autumn mall and next to I-40, needs to be zoned commercial general. We think it just makes sense to move forward with a quality end users such as sheets that will bring new jobs and new investment to Durham. We appreciate that the staff report analyzed this proposal from Sheets and covered all the necessary issues. We also appreciate the unanimous support of the planning commission. In closing, we respectfully ask for your approval tonight and our team will be happy to answer any questions you may have. Thank you. You're welcome. Are there questions by members of the council? Recognize Councilman Cattati. Thank you. Did anybody else in the audience want to speak? No one else. Okay, great. Okay, I just wanted staff to clarify the buffer reduction and the wildlife corridor if you could. And then I have comments. I'll take those in order. The north and west side of the site are adjacent to core property. There's significant topography issues. The applicant can speak in more detail if they wish about that. But they determined after the case was originally heard by the planning commission that they needed to preserve the opportunity for a buffer reduction. Buffer reduction would require the installation of a berm or a wall that would allow the buffer to be reduced down to 10 feet on the north and west side. So that was considered by the planning commission when the case was reheard as I just indicated. And if the wall is installed, is required by the ordinance, the buffer will be reduced. In terms of the natural heritage site, the staff and the Durham Open Space and Trails Commission identified the adjacent site as a exceptional quality natural heritage site. The natural heritage office with the state has guidelines about recommended riparian buffers that allow during periods of flooding, wildlife to transit the adjacent area and what was submitted, information was submitted by the applicant that was reviewed by staff and by Dost that showed that according to the state's guidelines, the required buffering from the floodplain area is met and allows that upland corridor to be retained based on what the applicants provided on the adjacent property. Dost did request additional upland area to be dedicated and that was not committed to. I wanted to note that similar to the written Dost comments, I do have some concerns about gasoline sales directly adjacent to the lower New Hope Creek floodplain forest and slopes. And I personally feel that neighborhood commercial is more appropriate for this site than general commercial, particularly thinking back to the earlier rezonings of this area in my time on council. I don't believe that this corridor area has developed as hoped. So no particular objection to your development, but it's not what I wanna see there. So I'll be voting no. Thank you. Thank you. Are there other comments? Recognize Councilman Davis. Thank you, Mr. Mayor. I'd like Mr. Becker if you could introduce the officials from Sheets and what positions they hold. Yes, Jamie Gerhardt is the real estate director for Sheets. He lives here in Durham. And then Franca Mena is our traffic engineer. And then I'm sorry, we also have a gentleman from McAdams who's our land use planner. Questions, comments? Again, is anyone else who wants to speak on this item? Is this being a public hearing matter? Dr. Rector of Fleck, no one else has to speak. I'll declare a public hearing to be closed as a matter of fact before the council. Who died? It's after. Been a property move of second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? Close the vote. It passes 61 with council member Petati voting no. Thank you very much. Appreciate your time. We need the consistency statement also. Consistency. It's been a property move of second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? Close the vote. It passes seven to zero. Item 19 is the conference of plan amendment, Magnolia Drill, grill A140008. Thank you Mayor Bell and members of council. Pat Young again with the planning department. As the mayor indicated his case is A140008, Magnolia Grill. It's a request to change the future land use map designation of a 0.165 acre parcel from its current designation of medium density residential to commercial. And this property is located on the east side of Ninth Street between Anglewood Avenue and West Knox Street. Staff recommends approval of the request based on our review of the four criteria in the conference of plan for conference of plan amendment changes. And planning commission recommended approval of this item at its February 10th meeting by a vote of 12 to zero. And I'll be happy to take any questions. Again, this is a public hearing. The public hearing is open. I would ask other questions by members of the council comments. If not, we have one person that has signed up to speak. Is there anyone else that wants to speak on this item? Recognize Ron Horvath. If you don't mind, if you can come and give your name to the clerk and sign up. Mayor, members of council, Ron Horvath. Thank you. Good evening. And hopefully this is short. Yeah, five minutes. Yeah, five minutes. I'll use 30 seconds, hopefully. We've had a lot of conversations with both our adjacent neighbor and the council members. And although Pat didn't indicate it, we have committed to a nine o'clock closing time, nine p.m. in the evening, closing time on the outdoor dining section of the restaurant. And I think that should address most of the neighbor's concerns. We've not heard any more, but we ask your support in this matter tonight. Thank you. I recognize the gentleman who's signing up. You can come up if you don't mind. If you just state your name and address, and I guess I need to know if you're a proponent or a proponent of this project. I'm David Jolley. I live at 1005 Ardell Street, which is right behind the piece of land that is being discussed here. And I'm not opposing the rezoning, but I wanted to share some lingering concerns that I have and neighbors have. So first of all, I wanted to thank you for negotiating with Ann to get the nine p.m. closing time. We appreciate that, the limit on outdoor seating. And also wanted to thank Monats, the current occupiers of that space, have done a great job in terms of trying to encourage customers to park courteously and legally. But parking is still a problem, and the parking situation will only be exacerbated by the addition of outdoor space that's gonna accommodate another 50 people. This Saturday, a customer blocked the driveway of our neighbor across the street and the driveway of our elderly next door neighbor so that when she returned from shopping, she couldn't get into her driveway. Cars continue, customers continue to park their cars extremely close to the intersection of West Knox and Ardell so that it is both difficult and dangerous to cross that intersection. One thing that we would like to request is that the city put up signs on all four corners saying no parking here to corner to make it clear because they are parking, I mean, they're even parking diagonally across the corner. And I guess they just don't think it's a big deal because they're not gonna be there too long, they're getting a donut and a cup of coffee. But it's dangerous trying to cross that street. So I don't know what the city can do beyond putting up those signs, but we sure would like some support, any support that you can lend us to make sure that the situation is addressed and certainly doesn't get any worse with the additional outdoor space for this venue. City manager made note of your comments. Are the other persons that want to speak on this item? If not, let the record reflect no one else has to speak. I'll declare the public hearing to be closed as back for council. Recognize councilman Schuhl. Mr. Horvath, I noticed one of the things that was not proffered but was recommended by BPAC was the installation of some bicycle racks. Yeah, we're actually, there's racks being installed now in the existing side and we also, with the zoning, we'll be installing at least two, two more racks on the new side out in front. We're finding that bicycle usage from Duke in the area is more than expected. And so yeah, we're actually going beyond what the ordinance is requiring now. Thank you. In addition, with the new layout, the new zoning, we get rid of a walkway exit on the parking lot side and we'll be able to improve the parking now. It's not gonna solve the problem, but it will add another probably half a dozen parking spaces throughout the area. Yeah, because as Mr. Jolly said, as you know, those of us who go and enjoy Monuts, the parking is definitely challenging there. And I appreciate you raising that and thank you for your work on that. I'd like to get the city manager's response to Mr. Jolly's suggestion about signs. Well, in terms of the response this evening, Council Member Brown, we will ask the Transportation Department to make an evaluation of the situation. I don't know if that's already been done, but if not, it will be done and we'll take the appropriate action to post the appropriate signs and then initiate enforcement. Thank you. Any other questions, comments? If not, entertain the motion to approve the tax resolution which is item seven. It's been proper to move the second, Madam Clerk. We open the vote. Close the vote. It passes seven to zero. Next item is item 20, the zoning map change for Magnolia Drill, Z1400024. Thank you, Mr. Mayor, members of council, Pat Younging again with the Planning Department. This is the companion zoning case to the comprehensive plan amendment that you all just considered. It's a request to change the zoning map designation of 0.482 acres on three parcels, including the parcel considered in the last case and to the existing parcels that are where the restaurant is located from their current designation of Commercial Neighborhood CN and RU-5, Residential Urban Five, to Commercial Neighborhood with the Development Plan. And if approved, the item before you would allow the expansion of the existing restaurant to include outdoor seating. The Development Plan associated with this request does include a number of commitments that exceed the ordinance requirements, specifically to prohibit outdoor music and speakers, prohibit several uses on the site, limit the amount and hours of operation of seating for an outdoor dining area, in addition to other commitments outlined in detail in your staff report. There is one change to the commitment since the production of the staff report. Mr. Horvath alluded to it during his comments on the comprehensive plan case. The previous commitment in your staff report limited the hours of operation for outdoor seating to no later than 10 p.m. That has been propped by the applicant to be 9 p.m. and accepted by the planning director. So if approved tonight, that would be a binding commitment. Staff determines this request is consistent with the comprehensive plan based on your recently adopted action and Planning Commission recommended approval at its February 10th meeting by a vote of 12 to zero. I'll be happy to take any questions. Thank you. Public hearing is open. You've heard the staff report. Are there questions, comments by members of the council from the staff report? If not, Ron, Harvard, you. Only if you have any more questions. Are there any questions of the developer? Is there anyone else in the audience that would like to speak on this item, either for or against comments? Let the record reflect that no one else has to speak. I would occur to put them here to be closed as a matter of fact before the council. It's been properly moved in second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? We'll close the vote. It passes seven to zero. And we have a consistency statement. It's been properly moved in second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? Close the vote. It passes seven to zero. Okay. I guess that concludes all of those items. We'll go back to item five, which was pulled on a consent agenda. Ms. Victoria Peterson, she's here. Item five. This is 2015-16 budget development guidelines. Ms. Peterson, you have three minutes. Yes, thank you, Mr. Mayor and city council members. I'd just like to ask, going a little bit over this, I know many of us, Mr. Mayor, have asked the city council to look at and to look, to make me put in a few dollars, a few thousand dollars I have asked myself for about five million dollars to be set aside for rehabilitation of our men and women who are caught up in the criminal justice system. And I'm seeing here looking on some of your suggestions of the revenue, I'll tell you, I don't know if the city, the people out there in the community can see this, but I'm hoping that they will go out to the website. The city is really generating a lot of monies, 142.9 million dollars, looks like last year, Mr. Bonfield, from just two sources of taxes, property taxes and our local sale taxes. And Mr. Mayor, the community, the homeowners, we are putting a lot of monies into this community, a lot of monies. And I would like to see some of these dollars set aside over the next several years for rehabilitation of our young men and women who are caught up in the criminal justice system. I live in the African American community and for the last several years, our community has been barred by crime, big time crime, shooting, murders. It is really unbelievable. And I know that the mayor is working on his poverty initiative. And I know this is just a tentative budget, Mr. Brown and Mr. Davis. But I don't see anything here, anything seriously being set aside of what has been shown right now to the public. So I'm just asking again, that this council, because I only have a few minutes, seriously start looking at, I don't know if any of you looked at CNN this week. CNN did a little special. Right now in the United States, we have 2.5 million people in this country that are incarcerated. Your developed countries do not treat persons how we do. And matter of fact, when they incarcerate their persons, the max is about 18 months. Those who murder, they may get a little bit more time. And their system, Mr. Mayor, is really to work with those individuals. And matter of fact, their prisons, what we call prisons, are like college dormitories.  The special that CNN did the other day. This country is gonna have to do something about our jails and prisons. And particularly how it is really devastating the African-American community. These young men, when they are labeled felons, it is impossible, impossible, impossible, impossible for them to get employment. So I'm asking the city council to please look at that when you're dealing with your budget to set some dollars aside for job training. Thank you. Thank you, Mr. Peterson. I did see the CNN report, and I saw the two Supreme Court justices were speaking on it. Entertain a motion on item five. Move the item. Second. It's been properly moved to second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? Close the vote. It passes seven to zero. I recognize councilwoman Coutty. I guess I just wanted to make a comment for those in the listening audience that this was budget guidelines that staff will then use to go prepare the budget. There are additional public hearings coming up, and the budget won't be passed until June 18th or 21st. So we appreciate your remarks. Thanks. Thank you. Mr. Peterson, you pulled item 12, 2015, high-intensity drug trafficking area grant award. Yes, Mr. Mayor. I know I'm gonna get myself in trouble, but I hope I will not. As a Christian person, I really understand about embracing something that is really wrong, something that can harm you. But I think Durham needs to step up to the plate. So here it is. As a Christian person, I believe that this community really needs to look at allowing drugs when persons are being arrested or have been accused. I think, I hate to say that we need to use the blind eye. We have lost the war on drugs in this community, particularly in the African-American community. And the kind of monies that's coming into the community because of drugs and how these drug dollars are being used, very little bit of the drug dollars are being used for rehabilitation. I understand that some of these dollars are gonna be used, Mr. Mayor, for overtime and for some other things that the police department may need. But I have a problem when dollars are being taken and used and then those dollars come back and to be used, what I feel is to continue to fund policing, policing, policing, to run after young men who have a few ounces of drugs and even those persons who may be selling the drugs. Now North Carolina, I believe, is one of the states, Mr. Mayor, if you have a medical illness, you can actually purchase drugs from your doctor. Don't wanna be wrong on that, but the city council members can investigate that. I do believe that the legislature last year passed something on that. Some of the other states have already done that, Mr. Mayor. I'm just very concerned that as we're getting these drug dollars from the criminals and from the drug monies, that those dollars really need to come back to rehabilitate those communities that have been affected over the years because of the drugs. And that these dollars be really looked at on how the police department will be using these dollars and their recommendation. And I just don't see that yet, Mr. Mayor. I'm not trying to beat up on the police department. I wanna try to heal my community. The community that I live in, that many of you up here also live in, because many of you also live in the African American community. And you know that we're plagued by this problem about drugs. And the only way to really deal with it is to just to go ahead and legalize it. And legalize it could also mean, Mr. Mayor, no, you don't stamp it that you're legalizing it, but you will tell the police officers, we no longer want to charge persons in Durham for using drugs. That's what I'm asking for. Thank you, Mr. Peterson. You're welcome, Mr. Mayor. I heard a motion to move the second. It's been a property move in the second. Madam Clerk, will you open the vote? The close the vote? It passes seven and zero. Any other items that come before the council? Not. We're adjourned at 8.07 p.m. Go do. Go on, cheese and crackers. I'll bring the crackers.