Hello and welcome to the Circular Metabolism Podcast. This podcast is hosted by the Chair of Circular Economy and Urban Metabolism held by Aristide de Tannassiades and Stefan Kanpermann at the Université Libre de Bruxelles. In this podcast, we talk with researchers, policymakers and different practitioners to unravel the complex aspects of what makes urban metabolism and economies more circular. In this second episode of the Circular Metabolism Podcast, Stefan and I wanted to break the myth that third-world cities like Bruxelles consume less resources than industrial cities. We are now going to talk about the real fact that industrial activities have become almost non-existent in Bruxelles. However, due to the indirect effects of our consumption, the environmental impact has not necessarily decreased but has simply been pushed back to more distant territories. By the way, by presenting the figures of some metabolic flows of Bruxelles, it becomes clear that the circular economy will not be able to have only a limited effect within its territory. Although solutions and innovations are being multiplied in cities, to really circulate the flow of matter coming out of cities, you will have to look at the minimum at a metropolitain or worldwide scale. Take advantage of this episode and meet up on our site CircularMetabolism.com to find out more about our reflections and productions. Welcome to the second edition of our Circular Canapé. Here we have the idea of making small videos on themes that are linked to the subject that brings us together, namely the circular economy and urban metamolism, major metropolises like Bruxelles. Today, we would like to offer you a view of the third-world city, of the urban economy. Because often, we present the city of Bruxelles and its economy as a third-world city, where there are many offices and many people who work in administrations, seats, companies, insurance, finance, the lawyer's offices, that's what dominates the distribution of jobs and the distribution of added value to Bruxelles. That's what saved the city from the 1970s and 1980s, when the industry of Bruxelles decided to close the factory in Bruxelles or to go to the periphery and then to Asia. Where it was forced by the force of things, because of a structural change in the economy. That's it. Bruxelles was an Austrian city. It was the most important industrial place in Belgium since the late 20th century, until the 1960s. Bruxelles was an Austrian city with all its factories, furnaces, workshops, and manufacturers. It was a gas factory in Buda, and so on. It was an Austrian city, but also the capital of Belgium, especially the economic assets that were industrial. Then, in the 1960s, the industry started, for different reasons, but in this movement of industrialization of Austrian cities, in other cities like Charleroi, Liege, Detroit, and even New York, which was a very industrial city until the 1960s. So, the city of Bruxelles had to reinvent its economy. What happened was that it focused on the extension of this tertiary function, which was already occupied as the capital of Belgium, and attracted the functions of command in the implementation of European institutions in the Leopold district. Here, we are in the Manhattan district, in the North Sea. So, we have the place for a new economy of command. So, decision-making centers, studies centers, where we produce ideas, we produce control, but we no longer produce goods. And so, from there, we could say that, in fact, today, the urban economy is much more immaterial, because we produce less goods, we produce more services. And a lot of post-Australian cities have been able to release their games, how do you say, their game balance, and so on. So, they have re-converted, they have returned, they have known a renaissance, by converting from an industrial city to a tertiary city. So, New York has returned as a financial center. London, the same. London has returned as a financial center. There are cities like Lille or Kink that have become a logistics center, with a bit of research in very particular sectors. So, in Lille, there are a lot of informatics, in Kink, there are a lot of new environmental technologies, for example. But there are other cities, like Detroit, like Charleroi, that have not yet been able to convert economically, which are therefore a bit less resilient compared to the economy, because they are still post-Australian cities, without being a tertiary city. So, these tertiary cities, they seem to be more immaterial, but from an urban metabolism perspective or circular economy, in fact, it's another perspective, because we must not forget that these cities have a tertiary economy, but they still remain very material cities, with an extremely large material impact. And one cannot say, it's just wrong to say that the tertiary economy, an urban city with a tertiary economy, is immaterial. It may be true that cities like San Francisco or Bangalore produce, above all, virtual services, which are their immediate and immaterial products, but they contribute to the production of computer waste, because to make their software toned, they still need material support, like smartphones or computers. So, we can say, yes, it's true that the Apple company does not produce themselves in California, it's just the designs that they produce by their sector, but they contribute directly to the production of tens of millions of iPods that now throw away the world's waste. So, the same for cities like Andres or Frankfurt, which are financial centers, they contribute to the construction of airports, dams, hotels, etc. So, they are directly linked to the physical impact that has activities that are no longer in urban areas, but that we have delocalized elsewhere. And for Brussels, it's the same. So, Brussels is a city that controls the flow of companies, of value chains and production chains that connect the global economy. It's from here that we directly contribute to the opening of mines, the construction of Asian factories, the importation, the logistics chain, so everything is linked to a global economy. And the particularity of the third world life like Brussels is just that we specialize in an immaterial segment of global value chains that are, in the same way, extremely rich in resources and that produce very concrete physical waste, so that's something that is very material. So, that's one aspect of why the third world life remains a material city with an industrial component, except that it's an industrial component and it's no longer in the urban area, we delocalized it elsewhere. But what's interesting here is that there are several things. There are two flights, the indirect one, as you present, so the flight, what we consume here, but in fact it's produced elsewhere, so pollution is found elsewhere, but even in the direct flight, so what we measure if we draw a line around Brussels and we measure all the flows that come out of a typical study of urban metabolism that we call territorial, well, in fact, since the years, the consumption of resources since the beginning of the century has only increased. Even through this transition towards the third world, we consume even more, since the 1970s, we consume 40% more total energy, for electricity, I remember more, it's 300%, for gas too, but obviously we have to say that there has been a change in energy vectors for heating, etc., etc. For water too, while the population was in the 1970s, it reached millions and millions of people, and then, for 40 years, we lowered it to the same level. So there was a kind of U-shaped curve that accompanied this transition from industrial to tertiary, that is to say that many people went to the brabants to live, to have a big house and all that. But while the city was empty of inhabitants, the consumption continued to increase. So I find it quite interesting to say, here, our economy has become more immaterial, but we have had even less inhabitants and we have consumed even more. So it's not necessarily... It's clear that the flows of a productive city and of a tertiary city are completely different, that is to say that a tertiary city in the North, overall, if we want, they will all have the same flows. It will be energy, it will be food, it will be the construction, the three big flows, and water, of course, and water in terms of weight, crush all the rest, but that's why we often remove it from the equation. But in tertiary cities, it's often the same thing, in the same proportions, but it still increases. So even if this economic transition comes, it still exists. We will talk about it, however, with an indirect effect, it's amazing. That is to say that today, in this global nexus of consumption production, we lose a bit of the ball, we no longer know what impact it has on us, and where it is. But I think that in what you say, it's fundamental, that is to say that the economic activity is no longer green if it is, as we see here in Manhattan, much more office-type than factory-type. Well, here, from an economic point of view, we can distinguish these two aspects, what you say is indirect by the contribution of tertiary in value chains and indirect. By saying that on the one hand, there is the contribution of the city as a producer of goods and services, and on the other hand, the impact material of the city as a consumer of goods and services. So here, what you say with the contribution of food, of the energy, of water, that is the consumer city, and on the other hand, the tertiary city is the producer city of goods. These are two economic roles. And I think that you are an expert in the analysis of the role of the city as a consumer of things, of flows. And I have the impression that the scale and the volumes that we are talking about here, they are still very, very little digested and understood by people because we do not realize the volumes when we hear questions. So there is this idea, for example, that a city like Brussels could become circular by producing a large part of its food within the city itself. So at present, and there, well, it's very lawful, maybe with a much higher environmental impact, there are also social advantages by producing food within the city. But when we look at urban metabolism and the volumes that it represents for a population of more than a million inhabitants, we realize that Brussels brings about 500,000 tons of food a year, the rent and the food, that is what restaurants need to be added, and that a city like Paris, like the urban metabolism exercise that was done by Parisian colleagues, the Parisian metropolis today, in its food consumption practices, needs 2.5 million hectares of agricultural land. So at present, it is completely unrealistic to consider that Paris-Entra-Mureau could produce the equivalent of 2.5 million hectares. So the urban metabolism exercise also allows, I think, to be aware of the fact that the city is strongly dependent on a very, very, very large, global, for them. The concentration of the population as it is done in the great metropolis is dependent on a subsidiary organization that allows access to resources outside the city. So the question can be in part how to better circulate things in the interior, especially in the construction sector, for example, but the question is also how to balance the exchanges, how to ensure that we will not just always exploit the same territory and when they are exploited, we pass on to another. But to have, at the agricultural level, for example, exchanges more at eye level with certain production regions. So for example, there was in the Antiquity, sometimes in the big cities of the neighborhoods that had a sort of partnership that adopted agricultural producers that always provided the same market in the neighborhoods. So it was another relationship. We are not just going to order tomatoes on the global market. We do not know where it comes from. And when it rains, we pass on to another country or another continent. But we know where it comes from. We have privileged links. Producers in me say about the evolution of the city and they do that. So I think it's this kind of reflection that needs to be brought up and not just to say the circular economy is something that happens in the interior of the city. And the attempt for Brussels to stay confined in the administrative borders is extremely high because for the administrations... The power... The power stops there. There is the Flandre, the Baleunis, the Inoua, in Brussels. So we try to make a circular economy to a territorial scale to which it is very difficult, very utopian, to do it. So there, I think, to be aware of the true immaterial nature of the city and the enormity of the rain will force us to go at least into metropolitan territory in which we have a new talent in which we could produce food, in which we could maybe produce primary materials for the construction sector, where it is most realistic to have energy production and we just have the necessary space to do that. But that raises a lot of questions, what you said, because you have to say, well, what is the role of the city? That is to say, when we talk about productive activities, like earlier, is the ultimate goal is that Brussels becomes 100% circular? First, we will never be able to get there, because there are so many products in our telephone that do not exist in the local area. And even if we recycle them after X iteration, unfortunately, the thermodynamic makes us need it again. So in any case, let's say that Brussels will never be 100% circular. And a city in general will never be, maybe, because a city, by definition, is based on surplus, on the other hand, or on surplus. That's how we built cities and our society. But there are a lot of interesting questions that arise there. What is the scale of circularity? Is it the metropolitan scale? Is it the scale, as you say, where we have partnerships with certain countries, producers, and we make sure that there is a circularity between them, etc., etc. Because you talked about indirect effects, for me, it fascinates me. Obviously, the methods are still questionable, the data is still fragile. But when we realize a little bit of the numbers, it's a bit crazy. That is to say that we have done, I spoke earlier about the evolution of energy consumption that has continued while the population has decreased and then increased. Let's say that energy consumption is starting to stabilize, but the indirect counterpart continues to increase enormously. What you call indirect is the consumption of resources, the production of waste, the exterior of the urban cloud, in the production chains. That's it. So let's take the example of a phone. The phone has all the energy, all the materials, all the water, all that has been put into work for the construction of this phone until it arrived at our house. All this, all these infinity chains of values, are taken into indirect effects. So we have to say that in urban metabolism, we generally count what comes out and what comes out. A phone, when it comes in, weighs 200 grams. So in our metabolic balance, it's just 200 grams, while it's in reality... Your phone weighs 200 grams. You're not at the height of technological development, I think. But suddenly... No, but tell yourself that in reality, the toxicity, the extraction of resources, because for each of these precious and rare metals, we extract tons and tons of other useless materials. And it's the same thing for when we make the indirect equivalent with the direct effect of urban metabolism, for the energy, for the materials, for the greenhouse gases, it's three to four times more. So we consume what we measure on our counter of Sibelga, it's something. Well, in fact, all that we consume in addition to us, it makes three times more consumption. And for water, it's 42 times. So it's huge. Yes, but I think... The great contribution of this type of urban metabolism exercise is first of all the awareness of this. That is to say, well, as a city, if we do an action only restricted to our territory, eliminate waste that we physically see under our eyes.  So even if we eliminate all waste in the city, we won't still have the problem because the large waste happens during production. So this taken awareness, I think, it allows us to prioritize and also, perhaps not to be disappointed that there is little impact on the planetary scale or on the largest scale that action can even have. And I think it's important to first take awareness of how it works in a general way and then identify what we do when we know where the limits are. And I think a thing for which... I mean, why do I still think it's very interesting to do the experimentation of the circular economy in the metropolitan space, in the urbanized and very dense space? Because historically, the innovations that have allowed the evolution of humanity to something that has allowed us to survive as a species, despite the ecological catastrophes that we have already produced, and often the innovations that have emerged are still urban things. And people, for example, economists like Jane Jacobs think that even the innovation in agriculture, even the invention of agriculture, is an urban invention because that's where the problem emerges first. That's where enough concentration of ideas, resources and materials to do something new. And once we invented agriculture, we delocalized it to the countryside. As we delocalized the industry, which is first something that came from the medieval artisan, we invented the industry, we experimented with the industry until we delocalized it. And the circular economy, I think... If it's something that's going to increase, it's first in the urban context that we can experiment with. And once we've found things that work, they will necessarily go to the urban area, to the areas where there are more resources, more space, etc. So I think that's where we'll first take our conscience. Thanks to urban metabolism researchers, they are sometimes... If you stay in the Alps, we'll never take our lives seriously, so you have to come here sometimes to talk to us. So first, we take our conscience into our city. Experimenting at a small scale, by improvising, by trying, there's a lot of failure, but we'll first do it in the city. And once we've taken our conscience of the fact that it's a multi-scale thing that goes beyond the city, and if there's something that works in the city, then we'll have things to propose to the outside of the city in terms of models, in terms of technology, in terms of governance, etc. So that's why I think... Well, the urban economy plays an extremely important role for the development of the circular economy, even if in the end, given the flows and the way it turns together, it will have to go beyond the metropolitan borders very quickly. But yeah, I think that for me, I'll give a little bit of a conclusion, a positive and a negative in relation to all of that. First of all, we talked about urban agriculture, and how urban agriculture may never be able to exist, or at least feed us all. But I think it's a good element of what we call a mind-shift, a paradigm shift. That is to say that if more and more people start putting their hands on the dough, to work the land, to feed themselves, it can change the mentality, as you said, and really have a great effect, or a snowball effect. Even if in the end, it's not Brussels that feeds Brussels, maybe, as you said, all the global agriculture will change, maybe, thanks to these citadines that change ideas. Because a part of it, first of all, they will prepare the market within the city, and when you find models that could work, they themselves are the urban energy that will go to the urban area or be relocated to the countryside to put a new model. It's not the organic movement, the movement of the short-circuits. It doesn't emerge from the agricultural industry. It's not the farmers who will say, well, here we have something new. It's the citadines that are engrossed, who first develop something in the city and then go outside. The urban agriculture can play a role in that. Yes, yes, yes. And that's it. Maybe that's the positive part of the thing, that the consumer, because unfortunately we are rather consumer in the city as a producer, of many things. So the consumer can and must do something. That's the positive side, the negative side. It's also that when we take this indirect effect of water, I said that the indirect effect of water in Brussels is 42 times more than that of the direct one. So, in short, taking a shower instead of a bath, we don't care. That is to say that it will not change our water consumption. After, of course, that means, that's it. We talked about that, regional powers will give policies, will create policies for their territory, not for the rest.  So we have to see how, in a more systemic way, does the water department of Brussels Environment perhaps work with the food department because in the end, it's our food that creates this huge indirect effect of water. And to say, in fact, if you decrease the consumption of meat, it will have a huge impact on the direct water consumption. And I think that this, that the Metabolism 20, in general, offers this opportunity of a systemic action that can have cascades on several scales. And we really have to realize that it is our consumption that will change things or not. Our production does not exist anymore. We see it in Brussels. Productive activities do not really exist anymore. Now, is it going to be the particular one that will say to themselves, I'm reducing, I'm not buying a mobile phone, I'm replying to interrogation. Is it going to be the politicians who are going to say to them, to people who are going to vote, listen, don't consume anymore? It's even more difficult to imagine. I don't know how we're going to address this issue, but it's really the consumers who will or who will not save the world. That's it.


Start. Okay, so hi, my name is Fith. I'm a hobby photographer and a huge nerd in this context. So welcome to all of you here and to everybody in the stream currently watching from home or from different places because the room is full. Yeah, I will give you a broad overview of everything that is concerning film photography. You will have a basic understanding after it. If you have questions, we can do a deep dive later on outside. But first, before I explain anything to you, we have to get down to the basics. We have to understand what we're dealing with. So what even is film? It's a technology for capturing light on a physical medium. So instead of capturing data and then using that, we're also capturing data, but in a different way. So with a digital camera, you have a sensor that encodes it to ones and zeros. And with film, you have a physical film that has the information stored on it. It is a light sensitive emulsion on a support material. So not everything in the film is there to capture light, but I'll explain that in a few minutes. And the three most common types that you should have heard of concerning film are color film, black and white film and infrared film, just to keep that information in mind. But first, physics lesson. Yay, who's excited? Okay, I'm seeing, I'm seeing Smiles all right. Perfect. Okay, who knows this? Substructive color mixing. Hands up. Show of hands. Okay, some people. Okay. Who has seen this? Few more? Okay, yeah, a few more people. Okay. Great. Because this is everything we need to understand it. And it starts with this yellow filters blue. So just to give you a quick explanation of what we're doing, we have white sunlight, let's say, and with particles that have this color or this color or this color, we're removing certain wavelength from the light. So a yellow particle filters blue light and a magenta particle filters green light and a cyan particle filters red light. Okay, so we are filtering three colors, red, green and blue. And if we have these three color information, we can make a full color image just based on the sliders. So if any one of you has done graphic design, you usually mix colors by red RGB. It's the color space we know most and we are humans understand best. And this is also the same reason why printers use CMYK, cyan, magenta, yellow and black. This is the this is the science behind color mixing in a subtractive manner. Don't worry if you don't fully understand it, just you need it for the next slide. And then one last thing just to give quick reminder, the way light is a wave and it has a certain length. And depending on how long the wave is, we see a different color. So everything that is very short is ultraviolet, we can't see it. And then it starts from violet blue, goes over to cyan, then to green, yellow, orange, red. And everything that goes above that is infrared and we also can see it. I promise this will be it with physics. So if we take a piece of film and we put it on the side and we cut through it, this is what we would see. It's greatly exaggerated, it's not to scale. But if we travel from the front of the film to the back, and the very first thing we have is a protective layer. This is only there, so if you accidentally touch the film with your finger, you don't damage it. It may still impact image quality, but it won't do that much damage. Then a UV filter, because we have a certain wavelength of light that we can't see, but that exists, and we don't want that impacting our image. This is why we're filtering it right at the start. And then there's the reason why we need the subtractive color mixing, because I'm saying blue here and it's yellow. As you remember, yellow particles filter blue light. So we have the information of the blue light from the light that is coming at the front. Then going further, we have a yellow filter, because there's quite a broad spectrum there and we don't want that to really impact anything behind it. So we're filtering that out. Then we have the magenta that gets us the green information and the cyan that gets us the red information. So we have three different layers that get us three data values, and this is how we're getting a full color image. Then at the very back, there's a subbing layer, which is only there to help the emulsion adhere to the backing material at the very back. And this is usually polyethylene, and it used to be a cellulose, but that mix was very flammable. So if you have very old film, it's quite hazardous now if it hasn't already corroded beyond any recognition. So old black and white film, very different to get proper images from in this day and age if it hasn't been conserved properly. So at some point we just switch to regular plastic. Good. Now we know what we have in our hand. Now we can shoot film, and for that we need film in different formats. The most common one you will see here, 35 millimeter film cartridge. The basic film everybody knows. Everybody gets at home for the home camera. I've seen some cameras in the audience. I think it was 35 millimeter. But super eight film for home movies, vacation videos and so on is also in a cartridge. It's a square cartridge that the camera pulls the film out of, but it's the same principle. You have a light tight container that the film comes out of. Then we also have roll film at the right here. I'll step to the side so you can see better. This is a roll of film on a spool that is just a piece of paper, a very long piece of paper that has the emulsion on it and it's rolled really tight. So this is why this is called roll film. It is about to scale to the 35 millimeter roll. So the advantage is you get way bigger images at the end of it. You get way more data. You can enhance it. You can crop it more and still get a good result. The problem is it's shorter in comparison, so you get less images per roll. It's a trade-off between cost and quality, as it always is, but this is a very common format for portrait shooting, product shooting. If you come to the Queer Portrait Shoot tomorrow, I will also use this. And then last type is sheet film. I don't have an example here, but many of you will know Polaroid or Fuji Instax images. You take a photo and then it drops a single piece of paper with an image on it. This is called Instant Film and this is one of the two examples of sheet film. The other one is single sheets that you have to load and those are four by five and eight by ten inch usually. And if you remember old Western movies, where they go under the cape and they have this huge camera, that is single sheet film. I'll show an example when I talk about the cameras. So three types. Most important one, 35 millimeter, 120. There are quite a lot of different cameras. More camera variations than for digital cameras. But this is, you will all have seen this single lens reflex. You have a lens. You can exchange the lens sometimes. Light goes through the lens, hits a mirror, goes up, goes into your eye. You see what you're getting through the lens. And you have a mirror. Single lens reflex. Slightly different looking, same principle. This is just a thing that some cameras have. This is called a waist level view finder. So you hold it at your waist level and you look down at it.  So the advantage is you get a way bigger image that has a lot more quality to look at before you actually take the photo. But the disadvantage is this is reversed. So if you turn right, the image moves left and so on. Just take some getting used to. We have one lens now. Let's get two lenses. Why not? So these are 120 film cameras. Keep messing up my buttons. That you have one lens for looking through the viewfinder and one for actually taking the photo. The disadvantage with this one is obvious. If you change lenses, you have to get two new lenses. The advantage is that it is a very compact, very light and very quiet camera, despite its size. So they are usually about this big. You don't have a mirror that moves inside it because you're looking through the mirror at the top. And the bottom one is the one that takes the photo. So the mirror doesn't have to move. So you can get it really steady. Really nice for taking pictures. Sometimes you see them in videos of YouTubers in the background just to look nice. Third most common camera probably, viewfinder and rangefinder cameras. These are called a viewfinder because you don't look through the lens. You have the so-called viewfinder at the top here. And you can kind of see that you're looking straight through it. There's no mirror here. So same advantage as the TLRs. But obvious disadvantage, if you only have a viewfinder, you can't really focus it just by roughly guessing the distance on the dial on the lens. This is why they have rangefinder cameras. So you have a clever system in here where you have two images and you have a set of mirrors inside it that by turning the focusing dial, they have two images in your view that align the more focused you are. It's a bit tricky to explain and to get in your mind. But I hope you can. And if you contact me later, I can show you an example image. Viewfinder cameras, another, well, kind of subcategory of viewfinder cameras, point and shoots. The camera for everybody who wants to just take photos with it. They usually have a flash. They have a viewfinder. They have autofocus. They have a small lens. You load the film. You put a battery in. And the camera does the rest for you. People who don't want to mess too much with photography, who don't want to focus manually, who just want to take nice pictures at parties. That's what these are for. And last one, the one I mentioned earlier, large format sheet film. So most of you will probably have seen this in a movie or in an image or at some point in the past because these are the only camera that really works in a different way. There's a lot of physics involved because you can move the lens away from the film which you load at the back here and you can change the angle of the lens and of the image and so on. But you would take the blanket that you would put up here, go under it, look through the lens and get your image right and then you would go out from under the blanket, put in the film and then take the photo. So if you see someone in a movie under the blanket holding up the flash taking the photo, this wouldn't work. Just so you know that somebody didn't pay attention in movies. Okay, great. We have the film, we have the camera, we have shot our film.  We need to develop it. And we have a light sensitive material so we have to work in total darkness. Developing is not done in a dark room with the red light on. That is for printing. Don't get those too confused and because if you use the red light you may still expose the image again or the film again so you will ruin your images. For this you can either use a total dark room and then do dip developing but the most common thing you use at home is you have a light tied back, you take the film out of the cartridge and put it into a development tank which is itself a light type but they have a system for pouring fluids in and out. So as soon as you have the film in the development tank you can open the light type back again, put it out and then work under normal sunlight. Which is good because you can see what you're doing. We have different processes. We will look at black and white because it's the simplest one. The other ones are extensions sometimes but also use different chemicals. So C41 is the most common color processing development technique and E6 is for color positive film or if you're German you would say DIA film. So the one you can later just directly project onto the wall at your grandparents house. There are a few old processes for example I think it's K76 which used chemicals that were cancerous, very flammable, very dangerous. So if there are films that use that for some there are replacement techniques but for some the the process is just no longer offered. So if you find a role of film always take a look at how it's developed and google that too because may no longer be of any value because nobody develops it. Good. Step zero in developing we have to actually expose the film and there the chemistry already starts. So we have this emulsion. I already talked about it. Emulsion is solid stuff in a liquid and we have what's called silver halide. It's abbreviated AGX. AG is chemical silver, X is just a substitute and it's mostly silver bromide. Depends and this is how it looks. On the left we have an array of crystals of this silver and let's say bromide and if we expose it to light wherever the light hits it will turn a small speck anywhere on the crystal to metallic silver and the more light the film is exposed to the more crystals will get in nucleus as it's called. Good. So we finished the film. We have this latent image as it's called. Now we have to amplify it which we do in developing. So we're looking for a way to turn this silver halide or this nuclei into full silver crystals which is what the developing chemical does. So it's the first chemical you pour into the tank and it only works on the crystals with an already exposed nucleus. So everything that hasn't seen light is not affected. Okay. We pour it out. We have the latent image amplified. Step two, we have an active chemical still somewhere on the film. We have to actually stop the reaction. So what we do with the so-called stop bath just stops the chemical reaction. It's another chemical that works to neutralize the developing agent but if you don't want to spend money on a stop bath you can also just use distilled water shake it a bit and rinse it off. Works too. Not too bad. Okay. Now we have stopped the reaction but we still have this image we want to do. So we do what's called a fixing. So we already have the elemental silver but we still have the silver halide around it and fixing gets rid of those. So it chemically removes the remaining silver halide from the film and now we have the great advantage that at this point the film is no longer light sensitive. All of the silver halide that was still on it is in the waste we pour out and now we can open the tank and work the rest of the way which is only a little bit in light. And the fourth step is actually an array of steps that we do that I just summarized because the first thing you would do is you would rinse the film. You would give it 10 minutes under running water or in a water tank just to get every bit of dirt out of it, get all the chemicals of it, make it nice and evenly hydrated and then another optional step but I like to do it is add a so-called film wetting agent which is a soapy solution that makes the film itself a little bit more flexible bit more resistant to wear so you can still look at the negatives and get a good quality scan in 15-20 years. Optional step, very cheap I would recommend if you develop at home you do it. At this point usually for me I take the film out of the tank and it's the first opportunity to look at if the images are even worth it because before this you don't know and if they turn out the worst part is you hang them up and you leave them there for a few hours and you have to actively ignore it because if you touch the film at this point it's still wet and you will get fingerprints on it and don't want that because you can't get them off late and last step for me if you use a dark room and you want to actually print your images this would be the opportunity for that but I like to scan my images there are a few ways to do it so I have a dedicated film scanner if you have a flatbed scanner you can already get a pretty okay scan with that some people scan with backlight and a normal film or like normal DSLR camera or if you want you can give this to someone who professionally scans it and gives you the files back good we have a film we have shot it we have to develop we have developed it we've scanned it we have an image so we why is there still 10 minutes left in my talk I don't just want to talk about it the technical things behind it I also want to want to talk about why why some people still do it but first there is not only photographic film there's also movie film which works in a bit of different way and there are some still some directors in Hollywood who use only motion picture film for example Christopher Nolan Quentin Tarantino two most prominent examples and ones I have picked out here now the disadvantage of film wrong order okay um yeah the reason why the why they do it especially now I'll talk about it in the example of the movie Oppenheimer that will release I think in roughly a month some film formats beat digital resolution protectors it's only one format at this point in time that still does that but Christopher Nolan shoots at what's called 15 perforations 70 millimeter IMAX film format and it's it's 70 millimeters wide and the equivalent of 15 perforations of movie film on the side high it's a huge negative and film emulsion is way more advanced than photo and or common people emulsion so you get a way way higher quality image but the disadvantage is you have these huge rolls of film you have to shoot them in a different way film needs a crazy amount of light you have to process it you have to edit it differently you have to handle it differently they they are very sensitive to environmental issues and so on is a really expensive really really expensive thing so if you aren't a huge director already but you still want to emulate this there are processes for that and they work really well um the example I've picked out here is Steve Jettlen he is the director of photography for the movies Knives Out and Glass Onion both available on Netflix I think and he has created a process to make digital film or digitally shot film look like a um a film that has been shot on film if you are interested in this please visit this link it's a really really good write down and with comparison images it's crazy how good this technique has gotten so why the fuck would anyone do this for me there's three points this look the feel and the inconvenience and I'll start with the look because the movie or the film stock you choose defines what colors you will end up with so these are two images I shot both from the same manufacturer those so those are both Kodak the one on the left is gold 200 and the one on the right is Portra 160 so roughly same ISO but you can see on the right way more highlighted red tones bit more saturated the one on the left bit more balanced bit more lush greens even though it doesn't look like it because these are trees in full bloom and this is somewhere in the Alps don't worry they are the one on the left is actually way more balanced I like to think about what I want to shoot and then I pick a film for it and then I have these colors said I don't have to do some crazy editing later on image texture and grain um this is not a full picture this is cropped form from a picture and this is a very grainy film ilford hp5 um it gives a certain so if you have a digital image you'll have almost no grain if you expose it properly and use a low ISO but even for film you get this nice uneven texture and grain that gives the image a bit more real reality in my opinion and this is something that digital noise for me doesn't really rep you reproduce my father shoots digital portraits and there are plugins for Adobe not Photoshop but Lightroom that emulate film stock grain it works to give this the same feel but I like to do it properly lens imperfections if you have really old lenses they had different manufacturing processes for it you sometimes get a bit of unsharp sides and edges that for me again for me personally the modern lenses that are just sharp every day of the week every point in time every focus distance they don't they don't work the same way and it gives it a bit more and last thing light artifacts and halation so halation is what the effect of light going through the film bouncing back and re-exposing the film is called and this is a film stock that does not have a so-called anti-halation layer and it gets this effect of light this was shot at night so you don't have very much ambient light this is thin is still 800 t a very known film stock for this effect so you get the light bleeding through and a bit outwards from the light source itself really really nice effect and gives especially like carnival or country fairer a I think it's a stranger things vibe where you really amplify the light sources I think it looks really nice there are some film stocks that abuse this to perfection and it's an it's a style so third bit the feel I can't describe it really I can just say it works it feels different you have this physical medium all the way it you have this thing in your hands you know how to do it it's there you can touch it digital not so much you have to you have to I can't describe it it you have to try it if you feel it you can work with it if you don't then I won't blame you and there is no harm in working with digital cameras because it's it's way easier I'll freely admit that and yeah there are some cameras that just you can you could fidget with them for hours on end because they just feel really good in your hand and it's a good tool that and working with a good tool to do something that you love it you like to do it a lot and to me the most important part is the inconvenience in a time of instant gratification where you can immediately see your image shooting to processing to scanning to getting to see the image for the first time it takes a week it sometimes takes two weeks if you're on vacation and you can't develop immediately it's something I really like that forces me to think about what I want to do because I have 36 or 24 or even 10 shots on a roll I have to look for something I have to think about how I want to frame it and just takes a bit more work and it forces me to make decisions and if you have to think about it you just after some some rolls of film you start to know what you like and what you want to do so it helps you build your style as a photographer and if you screw up you screw up you can save a roll if the entire roll has been underexposed for example you can fix it in development but you can't fix a single image you can't erase it you can't get the frame back so you learn from it and yeah this for me has been a big point in rekindling my love for photography this has gotten me back into the hobby it has gotten me around my city more around in the nature and as a final note I think the workshop is quite full already but if you want to actually take a look and maybe also sometimes use the cameras I have a queer portrait shoot so if you're queer you don't have to look queer you can come by I can see if there's still slots available meeting 1 pm tomorrow outside the kitchen tent I will have a sign so thank you all for listening this is my contact information if you want to learn more my emails in there and yeah thank you for being here okay so if you have questions if it's a longer question I think we should do it outside if you don't have if you have something really quick you want to ask we can do it now okay great then thank you all for being here and I'll hand over to the next speaker now


It's about women and about dating. It's probably going to cause some problems. Let's do another quick experiment. Guru one, say imaginary Guru run, says, guys, you should really stack. You should stack routines.  And I'm not intentionally making fun of them.  And you should just script out everything you're going to say and stack everything out. And then you want to run out of things to say.  You should be yourself. You should be authentic.   You need to be natural. I've got two different gurus. Anyone tell me which one's right? Hazard to guess. Anyone? Who's right? It's a trick question, because both and none. You're like, well, that makes no sense, which I'm glad we cleared that up. It's because advice. Remember this. Advice is only as useful as its context. Guru A, Guru one, his advice works for a specific context. And Guru two, his advice works also for a specific context. If you are not that context, guess what? It doesn't apply to you. I can't count the number of times that I've seen coaches and they give advice for what would work for them. They say, oh, yeah, yeah, that's all you got to do is just say something funny and then just grab and dominate and then just push her away and then have abundance. That's great advice, from my perspective. I'm like, oh, yeah, absolutely. Right there. Right there, I feel you. Now me seven years ago, what does he think?  Advice is only as useful as its context, as its appropriateness that applies across the board. You guys have seen a lot of great speakers up here and you guys have a lot of varying skill levels. Remember that very few things being said on the stage are wrong, but a lot of things may be right or wrong for you. Some of the things that I'm saying might be wrong for you, but you got to take everything that you're learning and you got to say, is this right for me? Does this address my sticking points, my problems, what I'm focusing on, or is this for random other guy that doesn't apply to me? That's why this is so important. Now the first factor we talked about, right? The first factor is those blind spots. Now the second factor is this idea of willpower and discipline. I talk a whole lot about discipline. Coming from the Marines, that's exactly how that works.  But what I didn't realize is that discipline and willpower, they're strange finicky things.  And for some people, for Marines, that really works because you don't have much of other of a choice. But when you're not a Marine, what happens? When you tell the guy to man up, that doesn't work so much. All of a sudden, that doesn't necessarily work. And when I did the research on this, what I found was that willpower is not this imaginary mystical force, like we thought attraction was. This mystical force that just makes you do things, you can just get the job done. And if you don't have willpower, well then you're just lazy. You better get something, you better go. That's not how willpower works. Willpower is a direct product of a part of the brain that functions in a variety of different uses. And the thing is that willpower is finite.   There's probably an element of truth to that. There's probably some part that's true to that. But science says that's complete and utter horseshit. Science says that willpower is not this mystical force that you just bring into your life because you think you attract it. Willpower comes from a place. It's called the prefrontal cortex. It's part of the brain that creates that sense of willpower. It also creates all of your problem solving, all of your memory and all of your focus. And unfortunately, that part of the brain doesn't multitask very well. It also means if you're doing any one of those things, like trying to remember something or you're focusing on something else or you're doing something else, your willpower just went down the tubes. The problem with relying on willpower is that it is finite and it is oftentimes unavailable especially when we're focusing. Especially when we're trying to remember things, when we're problem solving abstractly. And what does this all mean to you? Okay, the good news is that like a muscle, the prefrontal cortex can be exercised and it can get stronger. The more you exercise it, the stronger it gets. It's like the heart, it's like the mind, it's like the muscles. The bad news is it fails like a muscle. We have this idea of willpower being infinite. You could just manufacture more willpower. But if someone said you could bench press 100 pounds, you know what, I'm gonna throw 1000 pounds on there and just think you could do it. It's positive thinking, come on, think about it. Just get more strength.  It's not going to work because your muscles have limitations. Well, so does willpower. It is finite. Now what this means for you guys is that you guys have to push hard right now while your willpower is in effect because once it runs up, time is up. And once it's gone, that's it. Once it's gone, you guys drop out. I couldn't figure out why guys dropped out at certain points. It's because guys will go until their willpower runs out. And if they don't find a source to replenish this willpower, then when it runs out, you quit.  That's why, that's why guys are quitting. At very specific and predictable points because they're not replenishing. Now how do you replenish? We're gonna get into that. The number one way though is through success. It's through reference experience which means if you're going out and you're approaching five sets a week, you're not gonna get the experience to ever have that reference experience, to ever have those successes. So in 12 months time, when your willpower runs out and you're at the end of the rope and you say, I'm out of willpower, what do I have to show for it? When that answer is nothing, all of a sudden it's extremely depressing. And all of a sudden you turn tail and you quit. That's how that works. And that is why that's so important. And what this also means is that as coaches, we have to understand how the mind works. And we have to account for these limitations as human beings. Here's my solution. I created a solution by doing a lot of research and by testing this a lot on my long-term guys. And for those of you long-term guys in this room and watching this, I'm sorry you had to be the guinea pigs. But this is why this works. It's called a custom recipe. It is a systematic game plan that addresses both your blind spots and your inherent willpower limitations. Now that sounds all grandiose. So let's take a look at how this works. There's three parts to this. The first part is eliminating your major factors. The major factors are the things holding you back regardless of everything else. For example, you have everything working for you, but you are extremely risk averse. In other words, you don't open. You don't push things. You're afraid to blow the set. You do not want to take risks. Why don't care how much money you have. I don't care how successful you are. I don't care how famous you are. You will not likely get to the goals that you've set because you have a major factor holding you back. Appearance is another one. You're 400 pounds, disgusting, hairy, smells. I don't care how good your game is. That's an uphill battle. You'll be lucky. If you think it's a 90, 95% failure rate, being normal, that's a 99.99% failure rate. I'm not saying it's impossible, but it's damn well close to it. Making sure you're eliminating these major factors. Okay, there's four major factors. First one being that risk aversion. In practical terms for you guys, and I don't care if you guys don't actually even want to get good in the club.   If you want to develop the requisite social and sexual skills to be comfortable with women. When it really comes down to it, once you've naturalized a skill set, what works is a composite of all of these little things that we've done.


So back in the 90s in high school I took a computer program class and I was very blessed to have a computer program class even though it was very minimal and Back then and maybe still now the the teacher was basically they would find a teacher who kind of sort of knew about computers and threw them in a classroom with a kid and said, you know teach them this and In that class we learned three things We learned PowerPoint, which isn't really programming at all. We learned some Q basic and And then we also learned what the teacher called Carol Which was I believe Correll, I'm assuming the same people who made Correll draw. I'm not sure the name of the actual program We were using from them because he just called it Carol Which was an interesting programming Experience and it did you know it very very basic but did give you some concept of programming in that basically Somehow we would draw these mazes. I forget how we drew those if we wrote those with code But then we would have to navigate our Character through this maze and if it hit a wall it would die and he called the character Carol He thought it was a girl and I don't think he was joking. I think he really thought did a little triangle in the program Well, it was called Carol But it was interesting because Carol could do two things. She could move forward and she could turn right So basically you're going through the maze you tell it to move forward once or you can say move forward move forward Move forward if you want to move forward three times You want turn three you say turn right if you wanted to make it left You'd say turn right turn right turn right move forward and that's all you could do and it was pretty interesting But I bring it up just because it was fun back in that class that the teacher Mr. Morgan I believe his name was was a hoot a very really nice guy really tried his best I had a lot of fun that class With the guy Tim who sat next to me Because we kind of ruled that class as we moved on especially once we got into the Q basic stuff We excelled ahead in in the class and and we pretty much ran in the class It was it was pretty cool experience although limiting although That class didn't teach me some of the basics of computing computer programming that actually helped me very much But I'll talk about that next time


Good morning. My name is John Tonello. With me is Simon Briggs from SUSE. Hello everyone. This morning we're going to take you through SUSE OpenStack Cloud deployment of what we call CASP, which is our Kubernetes deployment. And this will be a live demo, so the Wi-Fi here has actually been pretty good. So we're being very brave.  SUSE socks and don't forget to come to our booth later. But with that, I'm going to turn it over to Simon, who's going to take you through each one of these steps. Yeah, so initially what I'm going to do is log into this cloud that I've got running over in Provo in the United States of America. If you know any history around SUSE, we were part of the Nebel Group back in the day. So that's the reason why we've got so much resource sitting in Salt Lake or near Salt Lake City. That cloud is set up to run for me in a project. And into there, I'm going to drive a standard heat script that SUSE provides as part of its distribution to quickly allow organizations to rapidly deploy Kubernetes-based clouds on top of the OpenStack infrastructure. And I'll show you how easy it is by driving that demo. It should take only a few minutes. And then I'll pass back to John. I'll take you into one we built already because actually it takes a few minutes to do the deployment, but it takes a little while for the APIs to come up, et cetera. So John's going to take you onto a platform we've already built out and show you driving an application set into that Kubernetes environment that's available. So I'm assuming many of you have already used OpenStack, used Horizon in your time, so I'm not showing you anything new. And do excuse me, my eyes are so old, I need my glasses. There we go. So I'm just logging in as an admin user into my Horizon environment. That should only take a few seconds trusting the Internet in this wonderful establishment. I'll dance around, do some juggling. Oh, there we go. The demo gods are with us. What I'm going to do is quickly go into my own personal project space as a tenant in this demo environment. There's many, many members of my team working this environment. So I've got a tenant environment to work in and in time that will come back. See, it always feels a lot quicker when you're preparing for these things. When you're stood on stage, it takes forever. So now you see there, I've already moved across to my environment, Cybriggs. And in there, if we have a look at the resources that are running right now, I should have just a couple of security groups defined. So that is all the resource I'm using in my cloud environment in my tenant group right now. So I want to rapidly deploy with software definition a Kubernetes environment to allow people to deploy into that containerized world. To do that, I just very quickly pick up this heat script, which soon to define we actually deliver it as an RPM within our product set. I've extracted that out already onto this machine. So it's under here, this CAF stack YAML file. I can then use an environmental file. I don't particularly need one, but I can set one up. And then quickly I drive into there. For sake of speed, we only have a few minutes whilst we've got your attention. I'm not going to go into details of that YAML file, but we can make that available to you. Very easy. Come to the stand. We can show you it in detail. Here, I just put in my validation bits, give my stack a name, obviously. And there's going to be three elements to the virtual resources I spin up to then deliver my containers as a service platform technology. I'm going to have my administration node, which is a SUSE or administrator for our Kubernetes environment.  And I'm going to have some workers, some workhorse nodes that are actually going to drive containers for me if I deploy to this environment. And then I click launch. It takes that long, okay? In the background, obviously, OpenStack's doing this wonderful stuff with all its APIs that stacks being built out and progressing. We can keep up to date with what's happening in there. If we drill down now, we should see the components building out. I don't know why the graphics aren't presenting very well there, but maybe it's the browser. This is a demo box I've been testing on another box, so that's probably why that's there. We're also getting some information. I'm actually getting details of the private key tested out. I did hack the script a little bit to make it do that. You wouldn't normally do that, obviously. Just a way of showing the private key if I want to SSH onto nodes. And, of course, events are taking place in the background as resources are being built out. I should have delayed you a little bit there, so now if I go to the overview of my tenant environment, suddenly, miraculously, I should be using resources. You can see there I've taken up some of the VHCPU and RAM, attached some floating IPs to the management nodes that I need to work on. So I've got my master node, my brain node in my Kubernetes has been delivered, and importantly, I've got my administration node from containers as a service platform to go into what's called our vellum dashboard to deploy Kubernetes fully. I have a floating IP attached to that node, so over the internet, I should be able to log in. But let me just confirm first that that node has gone to the point of starting up. It's taken a little bit of time in the background, so I may have to tap dance again a little bit to keep your attention. But hopefully, in a little while, we will be able to see that that... I'm talking slowly now to try and keep your attention. But now if we go to that environment, it's not quite up yet. Take a bit. Can you do the dance? Do the roll on the floor to try and distract everyone whilst my environment is coming up. But it's the first time John's actually presented with me, so he didn't know I'd asked him to do a dance while we were presenting. I've lost my screen. John, out there we go. Right. If we refresh this, I'm very hopeful that that will have come back again. So it's not quite as rapid as we were hoping. The Internet's not being quite as kind in the background. Maybe somebody's running a big load on my demo lab in America, even though they were warned that we would be doing this right now. And it's like one in the morning there too, so... Yeah, so they will... Maybe they've automated it. It's a wonderful open stat. You can automate all these things to work in the background. I am now presently dying on stage in front of you, so enjoy this moment for all of you who do present technology. It's always such fun when it starts playing games with you. I know you'll have your sympathy. Let me just see if I can get that baby to come up. As always, I tested this 45 minutes ago and it went seamlessly. So go on. There we go. Finally, my Kubernetes vellum dashboard is available for me to build out my cloud environment. Obviously, it's only a demo environment, so I've not set up a certification. And the service is now in the background, so it will have to delay you a little while. But what you can see here is very rapidly using a heat template, software definition that's an asset to your organization. You can rapidly use the technology Susan makes available to its customers to deploy new wave technologies out to your user base in your organization. And after that, maybe if I hit refresh, we might actually get to see a dashboard. It's starting to come together, guys. So first of all, on this vellum dashboard, I have to give you some details as a first use. I'm using an American keyboard. I'm not used to where the keys are. Give me a second. Well, just this is administration, hold tight caller. OK, so now we get to the actual detail of deploying a cloud. So how many of you have deployed Kubernetes yourselves using the upstream? OK, you'll know there's many different components. This dashboard allows us to bring them together to then define what we need to on the click of a button, get that environment, and Kubernetes environment ready to start Helm deploy into it. So if I just fill out the details, I'm going to have a dashboard in this environment for my internal network. The 10.network is actually my software defined network in my cloud. I need to quickly shift some of the networking for this particular cloud. So the overlay network needs to adjust a little bit. And then I quite simply hit go.  There we go. We should now be able to hit go. Now, if you're doing bare metal deployments of our Kubernetes management system, you can actually use an automatically generated Autoyaz file at this point, our automated deployment technology for bare metal. But as we're in a cloud, I don't need to worry about picking up that Autoyaz file. I can just go to the next stage where those worker nodes have already registered with my dashboard, but they're available for me to commit and create Kubernetes resources upon them. I validate that those are the nodes I want to deliver Kubernetes on top. Obviously, in a cloud environment, you'd expect more nodes being available in that network. That should only take a few seconds. Again, I'll start dancing in front of you. They're starting to come up, although only two of them have arrived. Right. So here I can define very quickly what roles these virtual machines are going to play within my Kubernetes environment. As I said to you, I'm going to have one master. Obviously, we don't recommend that in production. We recommend you deliver a resilient master plane within your cloud, control elements, and then the workers are defined. And I click Go. I do a little bit more networking because the dashboards would be available and I need to do this stage to be able to get it to successfully deploy. Come on, cloud. Play with me. Right, I need my external master node in this address. Obviously, Kubernetes much prefers a proper qualified domain structure, but in this case, because it's a demo, I've avoided that complication, made it easy for myself. I just fill out those elements and then I bootstrap my Kubernetes environment. So what you see there now is the software is now being driven down onto those virtual machines and that will work. As I say, it takes a little while for those APIs to come up. So at this point, I'm going to pass you back to John, who'll log into a previously installed environment, something we built earlier to show you how you deliver using Helm, some software assets into that. Thanks, Simon. Cheers. And this will not take very long and will actually, by the time I'm done, I'll be able to come back in here and show you that these are, in fact, live. It's being quite slow, so maybe not. It is being a bit slow. So as soon as you finish the deployment, it'll take you to a kube config download page where it'll download your configuration file so that you can run kube control proxy. That's what I'm going to do here. I've previously downloaded the file and it's sitting in the kube folder here in my home. You can see the config file right there. And I'm just going to grab the token out of it right now. Copy that. This keyboard also doesn't like me and I'm used to it. So I'm going to do a kube control proxy. It started locally. So this is the dashboard that comes up from that, asking for my token, pasted in. And this is the environment in real time. And again, I'm going to go to my personal namespace here. And you can see I previously deployed Jenkins, but for our purposes, I'm going to do a new deployment and just to show that it's alive, create an app. In this case, I'm going to do GitLab. I'm just going to create one pod. And again, we're in a demo environment. And I'm going to create the service. And if you know GitLab, you know it runs on port 80. And this will not only create my instance, but my service as well. So if I look at my deployments now, you can see that GitLab is now in place there. I can scroll down to my services, try this. And just to validate here, John, this environment is running on top of OpenStack in a project with Suzer Enterprise Storage underneath here as a Cep storage plane, isn't it? Is it running out of Provo as well? It's right, yep. So here is that service that I created. Of course, I'm waiting for it to come up. I'm dancing again. I have another thing in here. Just in case there's a conflict with another one. Still waiting for it to... I'll do the dance. This is your time to dance, yeah. Come on. You can do it. Bring us home. Start praying to demo God. Is she going to play? Do you want to start taking bets? Who bets on yes? She will play. And we have three minutes. Three minutes we've got. That's a lot of dancing. It shows it being up here. I might kill it and start again. Kill everything.  Again, that worked absolutely perfectly for it five minutes ago. Perfectly. Life has a way of kicking you. Great. That explains that. Okay, that's weird. Not seen that one before. Just want to make sure it's... I'm going to blow this away. I think it probably has got confused with the previous deployment you did. Yeah. I haven't backed it out. One of the joys of our production... Existence. While that continues to shut itself down. Okay. There we go. Yeah, baby. Now we're back on track. Time's running out. Pressure's on. Countdown. I should have known when it was so fast. That much of a tease. Yeah, taking us through. Something going on. In the meantime, do you want to flip back to elements? See if that's deployed. It might not have done. Things aren't really playing quite. No, it's still deploying. Still deploying over there. Can't even distract you with that. Waiting for our services. And what I did there, too, is I just exposed an external port. So this will be up and running quickly. And obviously, this is something that you can do, and we have done it from a Chromebook, because we could actually use Cube Control and like a Google Cloud Shell, something like that. So when we're using this environment, there are a lot of options. Flexibility. One of the things we can show you, too, while we're waiting for that to come up, if I can click on the right button, this is the environment file that Simon used before and the actual stack file. This is the AML file. And you can see and hear the descriptors of the environment. And importantly, that file is provided by Suzer Engineering, so it's fully supported. So if you use that file, customize it. Obviously for your own environment, but you have challenges with the components with it and the Suzer films will actually help you on that product as part of our support solution. And it's fairly straightforward, so that there are no surprises inside. I'd say, say, it's not rocket science. It's just a heat script. And this does show my GitLab. Takes just a little while. I should have brought some juggling balls. What we can here? I can't juggle socks. But I can throw socks. I should be trying some socks. Oh, no. Would distract you. Sucks anyone? There we go, sir. This is the price for watching our screen spin round while you're... These are very high-quality socks like our open-stack solution. They will last a very long time. Oh, sorry, sir. Poor throw. Matthew, do you want to come and hand out? I'm getting worse and worse as we're going further. Meet Matthew, our product marketing chief. He's actually supporting a Mo Venber mustache. So if you want to donate any money to him, it won't go to his beer fund, I'm sure. In the meantime, I can dig inside. It shows it being alive, but it's... Oh, yeah. But we're not getting through, are we not? I'm out of socks. I know it's an excuse, but they have been doing some engineering changes in our data centers because SUSE is about to go independent as an organization from its parent company and doing some engineering to change that this week of all weeks. And I think that might be biting us right now. But of course, that's an excuse. So very rapidly, just summarizing there, we've been able to show you can drive through a standard open-stack environment using a heat script, which is fully supported by SUSE, out a Kubernetes environment for an individual tenant. You can drive multiple of those very rapidly into your organization to allow them to start consuming containerized application sets, whether they're COT software or developed software that your internal developers, if you have any, are providing to your organization. And it literally takes few moments. That is GitLab working, is it not, sir? It is. Excellent. And you see the IP address there? That means that is working on our demo environment. So that's probably a good point to give in and wrap up. Yep. Thanks very much. Please join us on our stand and talk to us about this amazing technology. Thank you. Thank you.


या वो आपको, MUSICATIONAL MANAGEMENT की पुवम में जो हैगे वो ESSYST करेगे. अननेंगर लिएएगी से प्राइवेद प्राउतस सेच्वोठारपी कुगर अच्च्च्छार्विस आपकोची जालठजी़ना कुप अह्ँधइशाद् मैश्च्चascalaadmaneshkiya and growth of integrated healthcare services. अब आप देखेए हम कीसी भी चीजplicity की बात कते हैं. evenhaam agar cancer ke baat kateyani, which is a physical health problem. उसकी last stage के उपर जब हम देखते हैं के एक patient के उपर cancer की 4th stage पे cancer सप्रेद होने के बाड कोई medications तो हैं वो apna impact क्रिएट नहीं करीं there comes the help of pain management now pain management क्या है this is all about psychologically dealing your pain और उसकी अंदर आपको mental health professionals तो हैं उनकी help require होती है कि वो आपको उस pain के साथ learn कर के जिन्दिगी गुजारना सिखाएं so this is not about only talking about to the issues which are bothering you they are very much practical and real in itself so there comes the role of the health psychologists come in जाएपे हम लोग तरमनेली आल और chronic illness के साथ आने लोगों को अपनी जिन्दिगी में दील करना जो है वो बताते हैं कि वो कैसे किया जासे किगा किसे आपकी पेईं जो है वो कम हो सकती है so it has already becomes a very popular and a very fascinated area and it's also very much needed so now it turns into a form of a managed care and it's a broad term that represents a service delivery system concerned with managing health, care cost, quality and access to services so these are the things which has been shaped into another way and now they are something which can be easily called that इसका हम एक तरहां से इसे एक बिसनिस के ताम में भी एक सकते है जेसे कि मेदेसन जो है वो एक बिसनिस है यसी तरा mental health professionals के लिए यह इंकी therapeutic techniques जो है यह भी एक बिसनिस है what to charge now the question is that what and how to charge the individuals determining the customary charges for one's service it is a complicated task that you can decide how much money you will take from it because it is a mixed issue of economics, business, self-esteem and a variety of cultural and professional tapos there are some places where you don't have the name of a mental health professional so someone will ask who is talking, whom to give money to I mean somewhere there is so much integration in the system which is very developed countries where most of the charges are mental health professionals so it varies across the culture because psychologists think of themselves as members of the helping professions discussing money seems insensitive or heavily led in with unconscious issues generally our psychologists because society perceives that they can charge money and they call themselves a mental health professional it seems to be very trivial at some times believe me, few years back there was no concept of this that a mental health professional can charge money but now things have changed and comparison of fee is rather complicated by differences in procedures, length of sessions and other variables so simply speaking it depends on how well a psychotherapist is well known society acknowledges it the clientage they have with them how much interest they take how much length they take in Pakistan basically this is something which is going to determine your fee rather than looking at market value and other things for example rates can differ depending on whether the service provided involves psychotherapy, psychopharmacology forensic services, neurological assessment and group therapy these are all forms and techniques whose charges can vary for instance, if you go for ADHD for assessment if we talk about very minimum rates it will be 9000 rupees per package if we talk about Pakistani setup if we go to west, they would be as higher as you can even think of in some places you can give some interns or volunteers some assessment but that could not be used anywhere if you are trying to take some benefit on the basis of that so this is very important that for what purpose you are going to take that assessment and diagnosis this may explain why clients complain and ethical difficulties frequently arise in connection with billing for mental health services because when we are talking about different scenarios we can also look at times challenges often the problems flow from miscommunication procedural ignorance or navigate rather than the greed it is not necessary that a mental health professional is more greedy or charged at times you are using such tests which are basically very expensive if I talked about how much a test kit could be expensive it could be as expensive as you could think of like if we only talk about a biofeedback machine that only machines is of course 5 lakh which is equal to any science instrument if we talk about a higher level of tests maybe they could be 5 lakh in above so when we buy such expensive tests and give service to clients probably their rates accordingly they could be different as well


Good morning everyone and my travels this week have taken me to the west of Ireland and I'm back here at my alma mater Here at NUI Galway, and I have to say I've just spent the morning taking a walk around here and reminiscing about such great times That I had and but in particular as I walk around there are just such amazing opportunities to engage in campus life So for example, I'm just gonna give you a bit of a tour just behind me there In in the main building a smoky's cafe and I spent so much time drinking coffee debating matters of the world and of other lesser importance over there and Building memories. I have to say with my friends over the years We had used to have our most of our lectures most of our economics and maths lectures there Is in that building there behind me? Do you know what else actually is that when I joined here? And the first thing I did or one of them was that I joined the business society in college and those of you Who've been with me on savvy teens? You know that that really changed my life Is it really inspired at the path directly to entrepreneurship? I ended up meeting my first employer and as you all know, yes, I also met my my husband there and So now granted it took a bit of while in between business society and when I married him But anyway, and that story is for another day, but yeah, that was there obviously as well There's the there's a library there behind me. I see it's now double the size and I actually went in there to have a look I had asked them to leave me in the door and say they kind of thought that was a bit strange But anyway, and so yeah a lot of time spent in there you'd be surprised Obviously, you know, there's great education, etc from studying in a library But great solidarity between us all when I came to big assignments or projects or of course coming up to exam time at Christmas or at summer as well as I move around there and That is a new chemist. That's a totally new development. I have to say since since I was here now They've lived in the place. Geez. There was none of that when I was around and over there. That's arts millennium God, that was only a new sparkling new building when I started here. I started in Eniwai Galway I did financial maths and economics in in 2004 and Back there then behind you You can see out as far as road There's actually a whole new building devoted to economics that was only starting But one thing I will say is that if you want to come with me here a little bit is that back there Is the aris no motley and that's the students building and so many exams Oh, geez I had so many exams back there and Fantastic facilities including the gym. I only ever joined a gym when I came to college Great place for for clearing your head and so on and of course what you can see that's right behind me there As well, of course, is the city of Galway such a fantastic spot such a fantastic spot That that is a great really really great place to go to college What I'm noticing as I was walking through the through the corridors there is that there's so much more now and Visible in terms of careers so much more There's an academic writing workshop that I noticed that they're giving free and free coaching on that in the library there a while ago There's a lot of career fairs that are going on probably a lot of that was going on when I was here But I wasn't as as cognizant of it as I am now So I just wanted to say that there is so much campus life to be part of whether it's societies or whether it's in the Library or whether it's just having those chats over coffee and in college or whether it is just completely engaging with your lectures There's there's so much wisdom and that they have to share about jobs whether it is about engaging with the alumni Whether it is appreciating the city and and also back there actually I popped into the church There's a journaling station at the back of the church there as well Where whenever I was worried I was go there and sit and write and you know what that still works to this very day So as I say live from any way go all the way Susan Hayes Colton from savvy teens have a Wonderful week and to those of you that just started college Just to make so much make so many memories and make such a good time because it's short everyone tells you that but you know What the memories they last a lifetime. Bye


to increase your fluid intake throughout the day, you can add the plain water also. But if you are not able to have plain water, you can increase the Jasmine tea, charge clear vegetable soup in your routine, even whatever you like, in form of mint water or infused water. But try to have two, three liter of fluid intake throughout the day to maintain your good health. Thank you.


Good morning How is everybody this morning enough caffeine? We're gonna the people in the back row. You're gonna be okay All right So that would be if you would move your head in the vertical if you're gonna be okay That would be a good feedback for me. Okay. I see a cup. Okay. Good. Thank you. Okay. Well, it was It is a great honor for me to be back here after helping kick off the the academic year for many of you And thanks for ordering up the great weather When I was here last August I talked to all of you about the relationship between you the professionals and the profession and I hope those remarks helped in some small way frame the year for you as You embarked on your journey Myself I've had the same amount of time as you have except a little bit more focus and a few less papers to write About my journey Admiral Howe spoke to all the entire Navy flags and about half of our senior executives a few weeks ago at the at our all-flag conference And he talked about what the profession of arms means to combat effectiveness and war fighting But then he also talked at his individual level what it meant to be a professional And he traveled on a journey that I can relate to because a year ago Being a professional to him was making sure your uniform was squared away making sure that you were physically fit and So the journey with the help of many of the folks in this room the journey has led us in other Directions about what it means to be a professional. It's not just about skill sets It's not just about PT scores, and it's not just about things that in the past have been easily measured It's the ethical underpinnings that are the true foundation of our profession of arms So it's with great pleasure that I join the symposium with you about the health of the profession and more importantly What's being done across the services and I might add internationally What the services and the militaries around the world are doing to reinvigorate our calling So whenever I talk about the profession I'm reminded of the caliber of those who contribute to work in this field the sheer number of PhDs working on the profession is Staggering so it's with a sense of serendipity that one of my staff read a piece in the New Yorker last week That asked if philosophy can notes Martin. This is going to be it'll turns out. Okay. Yeah, it turns out. Okay Somebody asked in this New York or article. Did you see it? Okay, so you're okay. It ends well is Philosophy it is a great ideas by celebrated thinkers who buy the elegance of the presentation Illuminate for us the most profound questions or does it refer to stuff? And I know this isn't you that's really really hard to follow Especially when certain Brainiacs insist on reading their turgid prose in a monotone that makes us doubt our very existence Okay, I'll leave it for you decide and I just I'm sorry I just I didn't do the monotone very well because that's kind of not my thing But I'll let you be the judge right so you all had some exposure to that over the past year You get to think about it The health of the profession is an appropriate way to talk about what I've seen in the last 13 months The way the services are thinking about the profession and executing their strategies to develop it Reminds me a bit of a crossfit regime regime. There are people looking at ethical stamina They're talking about agility of decision-making. They're talking about the strength of trust they're talking about the power of vulnerability and the accuracy of leader development in Short the services are trying to get to a point where the profession serves as a personal trainer of sorts To move away from the dad bod of underlying technical and tactical expertise Covered in a layer of unethical fat They're providing you with exercises and a box in which to exercise I want to give you a few examples from across the services starting right here with Admiral Howe's Execution of the leader development strategy a Small group including many of the folks in the front row front two rows here are working with the Navy's 18 tribes To strengthen the elements that we share right so what is the overarching profession do to embrace and Integrate those tribes so just like a strike group and a striking force Integrates each of their tribes to be to produce the maximum combat effectiveness What can we do in our leadership development strategy to make sure we take both the best of our tribes? But yet integrate them with the Navy's umbrella strategy so that we have a unifying force in the profession How do we use things like the special warfare community's teamwork analysis model for example? That's being done by the leadership of communities with input from senior enlisted from junior officers and senior officers Another of our sea service partners the Marine Corps where the Marines I can't tell you last time you're in uniform Okay, so so free Marines. Okay, so Marine Corps as you might imagine is taking a more personalized approach They have defined squad leaders and their classroom instructors as the main targets as Influencers of Marines so they figure if they're trying to put a new leadership development strategy out there and it starts in a classroom They better have the instructors on board So they're not you know using the monotone and kind of just parroting what the Marine Corps thinks is a good idea So the program they are renewing their emphasis on leader development The programs are very selective and the investments are proportional to their impact Another sea service the Coast Guard. We have any Coast Guard's coast guardians in here at least one person couple couple of you Okay, the Coast Guard has done an amazing study at the strategic level Where they went out and they defined what a culture of respect looks like They took their Performance Technology Center took a few people down there looked around the Coast Guard and compared their mod They basically did a mission analysis They said here's what good looks like and then they went around the Coast Guard and looked at how the different bases Compared to that what good looks like culture of respect and they were in the process of debriefing the commandant of the Coast Guard So we're really looking forward to those results Because all too often our lessons learned strategy focuses on the negative lessons learned so I really applaud both All three Navy Marine Corps and Coast Guard for what they've done to help us understand what good looks like Right a little bit easier with CrossFit right never do ever sells there Well, sometimes they show before and after pictures But usually when we're trying to sell a workout routine we show you know somebody that's in pretty good shape So it's helpful to start with what good looks like The Air Force okay, so airman in the room. Okay, great The Air Force is infusing the conversation about the profession Across their their education and training system from basic military training to commander's course Courses from enlisted PMA through general officer and senior executive seven hours. They have a doctor Jeff Smith who's Who's really got a very interesting understanding of what it means to invest in human capital and he takes He takes a lot of examples from parenting and kind and and his basic messages Hey, it's as much about leaders investing in knowing their airmen as it is airmen Taking the time to understand what leadership expects of them. So that's been very very successful I think they've briefed over 50,000 airmen across the Air Force and whenever they come to the Pentagon They invite the joint audience the Army. Okay, so where are my soldiers? Okay, great raise your hands a little higher. Come on.  Okay, so lieutenant general Brown Out at the combined arm center, which is under Trey doc and and the army the army Infrastructure has been outstanding and they have been really good at sharing what they've learned Lieutenant general Brown has been spent the last year and had several of his colonels Looking at the human dimension peeling back the layers of what does it mean to be a professional and what does it mean? What does it require to not just survive in ambiguity and chaos, but to thrive in Ambiguity and chaos and the size of the effort that they have undertaken Not only the fact that they have brought in Folks from around the army, but they've also used the hundred behavioral scientists that the army research institute has So they bring a pretty good Not a pretty good a very sound academic underpinning to their work So lastly inside the Department of Defense, so right we had secretary Carter relieve secretary Hegel and Then secretary Carter brought in at the beginning of April brought the former under secretary of the army Secretary Carson secretary Brad Carson came over from army He's the new head of personnel and readiness within the Department of Defense And he refers to secretary Carter as a man in a hurry But I will tell you secretary Carson set out on a course to understand what we need to do For the to develop the force of the future to make sure that Next year the next five years the next ten years the next 20 years We understand what we want out of the force of the future and can attack those hard problems And if you don't think he's a man in a hurry he gave himself and his task force 120 days to get their report to the secretary defense if you don't think he's serious about it I know that we're on day 9 we have 98 days left of those 120 because he starts every meeting with yep We're a hundred we're X number of days into our hundred and twenty days So he is intent on not letting the bureaucracy rule the profession So as I started talking about the profession as a personal trainer of sorts I briefly described some of the equipment and some of the routines that the professions putting into place What I haven't conveyed is the commitment of the people working on these efforts It was all for Wendell Holmes who might have said it best in the great democracy of self-devotion Private and general stand side by side The profession of arms is truly a community of practice Which means it's not about people like me standing up here behind a podium You walking out the door and having not a single thing in your life different You are a community of practice by virtue of who you decide to engage in conversation Not just here in the academic environment though. That's a really good place to practice It's about who you engage when you go back out to your operating units, and I would tell you that's actually the easy part a Senior leader was at an off-site last year and talked about going back to that horrible building He was talking about the five-sided wind tunnel But I will tell you The Pentagon is just a good a place to start a conversation start a community of practice Which is what we've tried to model with my seven-person team. It's just as important to be committed to the profession of arms It's actually harder when you're on staff duty because you think that you don't have to invest anything in your people You're just there to get staff work done that probably that model probably it needs to be flipped on its head What about you what part do you play? What have you done in the past ten months? You've learned about ethical leadership. You've learned about strategic decision making. What are you going to do with that knowledge? I contend that you as professionals have to demonstrate that motivation and be willing to either join or start a community if you Don't see it If you don't see a community of practice, then it's all about you start that community talk about it You're in a position to serve up a steady diet of ethical conversations As opposed to um, you know, I mean, I'm a Red Sox fan I admit that every once in a while the first thing I do is look at the score from last night Okay, but but the conversations right you have time the conversations Engaged in what you've learned over the past year are extraordinarily important and I have I have the odd Opportunity to say that Martha Stewart was speaking at a conference I was at earlier this week and what she actually said is you know, just because The folks who work for you have different educational levels Doesn't mean that they don't deserve the same level of respect I would contend that just like a workout for me is different than a workout from the best The shield or the Marine who's in the best shape your subordinates deserve the same Conversation it's just that my CrossFit regime might be different from some of your CrossFit regimes. That probably makes sense so I Started today talking about the journey of Professionalism and I found this to be a more common theme that you might imagine I've thought about the journey that Admiral Stockdale took, you know He wasn't any different than you or I before he was shot down High degree of intellect, which is I'm sure shared by many of you He wasn't trying to inculcate philosophy into his ready rooms when he was commander of the air group He was doing his duty just like the overwhelming majority of those in uniform today do every day But then an extraordinary event happened and it changed him These are his words. This is not my analysis. These are his words It focused him and made him realize what was important for Admiral Stockdale It was self-respect knowing that in the midst of privation. No one could strip that of him Porter Halliburton also a POW at the Hanoi Hilton Said for him the last freedom was the ability to choose The former British Defense Attaché to the US Royal Commando General Buster house Nearly died actually he did die in fact was resuscitated during a water-skiing accident He described we had a few meetings with him that we really every we've bared our souls He said to our office He needed something to focus on when he was recovering because it was a slow recovery a lone tree Out on a hill in his native England focused him Because it represented his strength the strength of his family the strength of his faith and the strength of his nation That's what brought him back and kept him going through recovery These are what psychologists called significant emotional events. I Would offer that your journey doesn't need to entail one of these Significant emotional events to help you focus The other way the far easier path in my humble opinion is the daily exercise of ethical thought of ethical decision-making and of thinking about who you really are Psychologists such as Dan Ariely have used experiments and brain scans to prove that reminders such as these Will help inoculate against ethical fading That being said Aristotle held that the daily exercise of virtues during one's life was part of euda monia the happiness of life You see it all does come back to philosophy asking those profound questions David Brooks in his new book the road to character describes two types of virtues Resume virtues describe how well you work Whereas eulogy virtues describe how well you live As you might have guessed he argues that we should spend more time working on our eulogy virtues So I would tell you to exercise your moral muscles on a daily basis By doing so you're not only advance yourselves, but you advance our profession of arms and As a side benefit you get to enhance your eulogy virtues Thanks very much