passion. But today we have witnessed how these young enthusiastic and energetic girls of Maharashtra have broken this barrier. Now we are going to present before you welcome message and a display of people live animation and what women want video. The captivating logo of Partners Forum 2018 is based on the famous Pippli Aplique art form from the state of Orissa in India. Which means together the six priority themes of every woman and every child. Different nationalities, different languages, different culture, but just one single unifying voice of all the women around the world. We will shortly hear what women want. There is a saying in Hindi, course, course, per Badle pani, char, course, per bani. Which means India is a multi-diverse country wherein the taste of water changes every 2.5 kilometers and dialect of language changes every 10 kilometers. And what remains unchanged is our unity in diversity. So, welcome to Diverse and incredible India. Tribe, religion, or ethnic shouldn't be a barrier to that. The women and the children in vulnerable situations in the world Require medical attention, security, and better political measures. We are all in the same boat, in the same boat, in the same boat, in the same boat, in the same boat. Together, citizen engagement brings solutions. Strongly believes in its rich ethos of Vasudev Kutumbakam, which means the whole world is like a family. Today, the diverse universe has come together to achieve SDG goals. Music has no barriers and it can bind the whole world. I now invite Ms. Ebelon Melissa, Ms. Tarana, and the little girl Zoe to sing 2018 Partners Forum Anthem. Ms. Ebelon is a young dynamic Norwegian Ethiopian singer and UNICEF National Ambassador to Ethiopia. Please welcome Ebelon, Tarana, and Zoe. Nation had said be the change that you want to see in the world. This anthem was crowdsourced from all over the world by actively involving youth of 10 to 24 age group. Fight the Honorable Prime Minister, Shree Narin Ramudi, and the esteemed dignitaries to kindly come to the stage and light the ceremonial lamp to begin this auspicious occasion. In India, we begin any auspicious occasion with the lighting of the lamp, which symbolizes the triumph of light of knowledge over the darkness of ignorance. We extend a very warm welcome to the Honorable Prime Minister of India, Shree Narin Ramudi. We extend a very hearty welcome to his Excellency, Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal, Mr. Upendra Yadav. Her Excellency, Ms. Kim Simplis Beirut, the First Lady of Belize, Honorable Shree J. P. Nadda, Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare India, Honorable Ministers of State for Health and Family Welfare India, Honorable Shri Ashwini Kumar Chaubey, Honorable Shreemati Anupriya Padhe, Respected Ms. Gabriela Koevas Barron, President International Parliamentary Union, Respected Ms. Tikhala Itai, former President Afriyan. May I request the Honorable Prime Minister of India to kindly release a coffee table book titled, Proven Paths for Women's, Children's and Adolescence Health. This coffee table book is a compendium of best practices of India's national reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health initiators. It highlights way forward through Government of India's two flagship schemes, Aishman Bharat and Pradhan Mantri, Jan Aroge Yojana. I would now like to invite Mrs. Preeti Sudhan, Board Chair of the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health and Secretary, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare India, for giving welcome address. A very good morning, our Honorable Prime Minister, Shreem Rindar Modi Ji, Shri Upendra Yadav Ji, Honorable Prime Minister of Nepal, Ms. Gabriela Barron, Honorable President, Inter-Parliamentary Union, Honorable Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Shreem Atta Ji, Mrs. Kim Simpis Baro, Honorable First Lady of Belize, Shri Chaube Ji, Honorable Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Shri Mati Patel Ji, Honorable Minister of State Health and Family Welfare, Ms. Tikhala Aite, Honorable President, Africa Youth and Adolescence Network, respected ministers from participating countries, country representatives and heads of development partner agencies, state representatives, our national and international partner organizations, experts, representatives from media, civil society, and academia, and all those who support efforts to deliver health, well-being, and development of women, children, and adolescents. On behalf of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, and the partnership for maternal, newborn, and child health, I welcome you all to India. It's my pleasure to have you all here today at the Partners Forum 2018. It's a privilege to have our Honorable Prime Minister, Shri Modi Ji, as our patron for the Partners Forum. Sir, it is with your visionary call for Beti Bachao Beti Parhow that we started our journey for empowerment of women on a life-cycle approach. Since then, there has been no looking back. The Partners Forum 2018 brings together 1,200 participants from over 85 countries dedicated to every woman, every child movement. It connects a galaxy of important policy makers, influencers from across the world under the leadership of our Honorable Prime Minister. I offer my salutations to this impressive gathering of leaders and experts that uphold the mission of healthy women, children, and adolescents in our countries. In the next two days, we will explore ample opportunities by sharing our diverse experiences, challenges, and bottlenecks to put forward not only a safe future for mothers, children, and adolescents, but we'll also steer pathways for health systems strengthening collaborative learning and discussions and exchange ideas to renew their commitment to realize the vision of this partnership. Partners Forum 2018 focuses on improving multi-sectoral action for results, sharing country solutions, and capturing the best practices and knowledge within and among the state, among the health, and the other related sectors. It also lays emphasis on the importance of people-centered accountability and brings forward the voices and lived realities of women, children, and adolescents through innovative programming and creative projects. The Forum will showcase the rigorously produced success factor studies, which will be presented as unique ideas implemented by 12 different countries across six regions of the world. Different campaigns and events have taken place, sir, as part of this forum, including social media campaign, parliamentary and ministerial conclaves, and media workshops for national and international journalists. Honorable Prime Minister of India, Excellencies from participating countries, ladies and gentlemen in the audience, I would conclude by extending my best wishes and assuring that we will make these deliberations fruitful with renewed interest for the health of women, children, and adolescents. My heartfelt thanks to the patron, our Honorable PM, dignitaries present to all the delegates and representatives once again and best wishes for the day ahead. Thank you, Mrs. Preeti Sudhan. May I now request Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare India, Shri J. P. Natta, to kindly give opening remarks. Honorable Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modiji, dignitaries on the dais, Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal, Excellency Upendra Yadavji, President of Inter-Parliamentary Union, Ms. Goprela Baran, First Lady of Belize, Ms. Kim Simplis Barrows, Shri Ashunikumar Chaubeji, the Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Shreemati Anupriya Patel, Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, Shreemati Preeti Sudhan, Secretary of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, and also the Acting Board Chair of PMNCH, Ms. Tikhala Itai, Ministers from 25 countries, representatives from various organizations, partners representing more than 85 countries across the globe, friends, ladies and gentlemen. Let me begin with thanking Honorable Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modiji for agreeing to be the patron and inaugurating the PMNCH Partners Forum 2018 today. I welcome on behalf of all of you Honorable Prime Minister for this occasion. It is my privilege and honor to welcome you all to India for this momentous meeting in this fair. The forum is a landmark in our collective journey where we have directed our best efforts towards improving the health and well-being of women, children, adolescents who form the pillar of any progressive and healthy nation. We, the global community, have gathered here to celebrate what we have achieved in realizing the vision and goal of helping women, newborns, children, and adolescents survive and thrive. On behalf of India, I am happy to share that under the dynamic leadership of our Honorable Prime Minister, our efforts are bearing fruits. We have witnessed an accelerated pace of reduction in maternal and child mortality that is much faster than the global average rate of decline and are poised to attain related SDG targets much before the target deadline. Not only this, but we are taking up new challenges with steady and assured steps. We are coming closer to realizing the dream of universal health coverage. The Aishman Bharat Yojna long-lived India scheme which epitomizes political commitment, vision, and guidance from our Honorable Prime Minister is already being hailed globally as a paradigm shift in healthcare delivery. It is a holistic scheme that covers all dimensions of healthcare, namely prevention, health protection and primary care through 150,000 health and wellness centers as well as inpatient care through PMJ, a public funded assurance scheme that provides care of up to 500,000 annually per family to 500 million people constituting about 40 percent of nation's population. We are also implementing other countrywide programs like PM's safe motherhood campaign and Mission Indra Dhanush and Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush for immunization. We believe in the power of partnerships and multiple stakeholders working in unison towards the attainment of common goals. The Government of India has taken this approach on priority. Honorable Prime Minister has envisioned the concept of aspirational districts wherein 117 lowest performing districts were identified to be taken up for holistic development and I'm very happy to inform the health to you that health and nutrition, wash, water, sanitation and hygiene, education are among the sectors that have been given the highest attention for improvement through a collaborative and multi-sectoral approach. India has also stared setting up a national nutrition mission with an aim of doubling the pace of improving nutritional status of mothers, children and adolescents through concerted actions between various departments and stakeholders. Over the next two days we are going to immerse ourselves in sharing the experiences of from various countries, partners, stakeholders and more importantly voices from the ground. We just heard what women want. Now the ball is in our court. It is our turn to deliver outcomes for the women, children and adolescents of the world. We have a lot of interesting sessions and formats lined out for discussion and I'm sure that all these will prove to be very useful for all of us. With these words, I extend my gratitude to Honorable Prime Minister for his blessings on this momentous occasion and welcome you all once again to the partners forum and wish everyone a great stay in New Delhi. Thank you very much. Thank you, sir. I would like to invite the chairperson of the She Decides Global Movement and former president of AFRIAN, the African Youth and Adolescent Network, respected Ms. Dekala Itai to speak on the occasion. Prime Minister, Honorable Ministers, Representatives of respective different governments, my fellow young people and all the partners here present, Viva partners forum Viva and where we believe in that African province that says if you want to go quickly go alone but if you want to go far go together and here we are together from different countries, different nations and regions, different race, different age, different culture and religious beliefs but with one common vision to truly change the lives of every woman, every child and every adolescent but if we truly want to bring about that change we need to work together and that is the power of partnership. When we are gathered here I look back at my local communities in Malawi and I think about all the girls and all the needs at community level and I'm thinking we need to start connecting the dots. Let what is happening at local community levels shape what we do the next two days. I think about the journeys that I take in a local bus when I'm visiting all the different communities and I was thinking the power of partnership for me has been that journey in that local bus when I visited different young people and young girls in these different communities and I think when I look at this bus and I get in and I always see a diverse community in this bus but sometimes we don't talk to one another and I think with here and all the partners together we need to start talking to one another understanding who our partners are what are we doing how are we doing it and how do we work together effectively. The other thing I look at when I look at this bus when I get in is you know other tires pumped up enough are they aligned and we need to be pumped up enough and committed and be persistent and also ensure that we are aligned we harmonize efforts because one thing I've noticed is that we are partners doing things but sometimes in different ways but we need to start moving in the same direction because we have a common vision to meet the needs of every woman every child and every adolescence and the other thing is the driver those voices of those communities those young girls and those women those adolescents and children truly driving us to meet the needs that they need and I always thought that with partnerships we need to walk the talk and make sure that we harmonized with this common vision and in conclusion I want us all to drive in the same direction to get to that destiny where truly we see lives next generation of young leaders because in the next 10 20 years they will be leading the agenda so going forward I want to conclude on one thing and I'm going to count to three and I want to hear each and every single person in this room because each person matters we're going to say together we can are you ready thank you miss tecala it I I now invite respected miss Gabriella Cuevas Baron president international parliamentary union and chairperson mexican senate foreign relations committee to address this august gathering mr prime minister ministers parliamentarians excellencies distinguished guests ladies and gentlemen it gives me great pleasure to address the distinguished gathering on behalf of the interparliamentary union as a proud member of the every woman every child high-level stirring group I am glad to be here today with other champions for women's children's and adolescence health let me first thank p.m. NCH for the invitation I truly appreciate the opportunity to speak at the beginning of this very important forum to highlight the role of parliaments in accelerating progress on women's children's and adolescence health and the important work they are doing in this area significant progress have been achieved including in regions facing the greatest health challenges since year 2000 the maternal mortality ratio has declined by 37 percent and the under five mortality rate has dropped by 47 percent many lives were saved but this is not enough every day approximately 830 women still die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and child birth and in low and middle income countries complications from pregnancy and child birth are the leading cause of death among girls aged 15 to 19 in 2017 a lone and estimated 6.3 million children and young adolescents lost their lives mostly because of preventable or threatable infectious diseases and injuries greater progress is not only needed on the survive objective of the global strategy but also all equally important for women children and adolescents to thrive in transform societies women children and adolescents worldwide face challenges in accessing essential health services education and good nutrition and are victims of violence and discrimination it is alarming that at least 43 percent of children under five face full chances of optimal development that 200 million adolescents were not in secondary school in 2016 that between 2005 and 2016 one in five women and adolescents girls worldwide were subject to physical and or sexual violence by an intimate partner and we can go on as you know political will at the highest at the highest level is vital to build solid enabled environment to prioritize the needs and rights of the most vulnerable and marginalized especially women children and adolescents it is indeed the only way to ensure that health policies and laws are grounded into strong national institutions comprehensive legislation sufficient funding robust data for decision making as well as transparency and accountability and that's why the interparliamentary union is here that's why the parliamentarians voice decisions and actions are vital for this implementation it is not enough to reach an agreement at the at the international arena it is not enough to design the path through sdgs what is necessary what is our mandate as parliamentarians is to translate words into actions the numbers are clear but behind these numbers there are true people flesh and blood and we need to understand that while we are here trying to do something these girls these women these boys and adolescents are suffering and I really expecting for us to do something as parliamentarians we are responsible of all process of ratification of international instruments but also it is our duty to translate those commitments into national legislation into better and stronger institutions into real budget we cannot speak about priorities if they are not really and truly reflected into budget of course we need to work directly with governments we need to exercise our duty to oversight and of course one of the most important mandates is to be working together closer with the communities that we represent the only way to change the world is if we start from our own communities and that's why parliamentarians are important and are vital for this implementation and for ipu of course the partnership that we have with pmnch is very important and we only have a first step yesterday we had a parliamentary con club and I must say that we received very good interesting and mandatory output from the parliamentarians that came to this meeting but again this is the first step we're going to have our next assembly in april and we're going to dedicate a full morning three hours for a workshop we do not want more political statements we do not want more only words and resolutions we want to bring these resolutions and these commitments into real action what we learned from yesterday's meeting was very clear we can design the best strategies of course we need reliable data but what we really need here is the leadership is to take action is to go to the communities and change and transform these realities around the world we are 46 000 parliamentarians we need of course to do more in terms of gender representation and of course in jew representation we need to hear more voices from jew in parliaments and I would like to encourage you to help parliamentarians to reach the political arena but I'm sure that even with these challenges in parliaments 46 000 parliamentarians are perfectable capable of changing this world and that's why from ipu we are going directly with this partnership for implementation to translate these commitments into our national commitments into our national laws into national budget and of course into community actions I am really enthusiastic about this forum I'm sure that we are going to have not only the best outputs but we are going really to make a huge step forward to implement this agenda please accept my best wishes for successful deliberations thank you so much may I now request her excellency miss kim simply sparrow first lady of bellies and founder and director of the lifeline foundation to kindly address this august gathering it is a gentleman good morning mr prime minister morning it is a distinct honor and pleasure to join you this morning as we come together at the commencement of these two days of the liberation and the global strategy for women to children and adolescent health I have had the privilege of participating in meetings on the global strategy in my own region of Latin America and the Caribbean and so I welcome this opportunity to participate in this global meeting not only does this event fall within my capacities as blazes special envoy for women and children and chair of the spouses of caracum leaders action network but it also resonates with my personal convictions on the importance of investing in health and well-being of women children and adolescents the evidence has shown time and time again that healthy educated and empowered women are better able to raise healthy educated confident and resilient daughters and sons there is of course an inextricable link between poor health and poverty so indeed when women are supported and empowered to overcome the effects of poverty and poor health they can and will live full and productive lives and so will their children families and communities when the well-being of women is safeguarded everyone benefits optimizing the health and well-being of women children and adolescent must be seen as a public good priority must be placed on persons from poor and vulnerable families and careful attention must be made to ensure that all adolescents can access services and appropriate information no one must be left behind ensuring the health of women and children is very much about safeguarding fundamental rights in this case of small in the case of small developing countries such as Belize and those in the Caribbean sub-region it is fully recognized there is also a strong economic argument to be made if we are to realize our economic development goals we must ensure that all members of our societies are functioning at an optimal level we must therefore pay keen attention to women who make up half of our population and to children and adolescents who in some cases comprise of 60 percent we are just too small to afford to leave anyone behind and in that regard I have the distinct pleasure of sharing with you that the first ladies of the Caribbean have been hard at work over the past three years we have been doing our part to safeguard the rights of women children and adolescents in our region we have been working diligently on the every Caribbean woman every Caribbean child initiative the initiative is committed to addressing inequities through the implementation of the global strategy it provides us with a platform for advocacy and action to focus on key social determinants of health and that negatively influence the development of Caribbean countries hence we have focused on four areas HIV and AIDS particularly ending mother-to-child transmission as well as congenital syphilis adolescent pregnancy cervical cancer and gender-based violence so I'm very pleased to be here at this global interchange to share listen learn and be inspired to deepen and broaden the collective efforts of the spouses of Caracom leaders action network I look forward to the next two days ladies and gentlemen the needs of our women children and adolescents cannot be ignored the investment we make today in women's children's and adolescent health and well-being will help build peaceful sustainable and inclusive societies for future generations and so in closing let me urge that we all heed the call to action let us stand on behalf of our sisters and their children raising our voices and using our influence to advocate and to ensure that every woman every adolescent and every child can live a healthy and dignified life that every woman every adolescent and every child has the opportunity to realize their fullest potential and that every woman every adolescent and every child can make her fullest contribution to the development of her family her community her nation and to the world I thank you thank you her Excellency may I now request his Excellency Deputy Prime Minister of Nepal Mr. Upind Riyadhav to kindly address us his Excellency say Narendra Modiji Prime Minister of India his Excellency J.P. Nadda Minister of Health and Family Welfare Government of India dignities on the dyes ministers distinguished delegates ladies and gentlemen Barry good morning to you all it is a great pleasure and honor for me to participate in this important partners forum which over the years has become a unique constellation of the governments international organizations civil societies private sectors healthcare experts researchers and financing agencies together our mission is clear a mission to ensure good health and well-being of every woman child and and adolescents a mission to achieve thereby healthy and prosperous society we all know the status of maternal new world and child health determines ultimately the status of health system of a country I am pleased to share with this august gathering that under the millennium development goals framework Nepal made notable progress in realization of the goals related to child and maternal health we provided the mdg's target in reducing child mortality while we were nearly there is in reaching the target one maternal mortality today we continue to focus on the unfinished businesses of mdg's era now under the framework of sustainable development goals we have directed concentrated effort to address the major killers of the mothers new one and children however achieving the maternal and new one related as disease targets with equity is a tremendous challenge in Nepal in this noble endeavor we have a lot of expectations from the partnership forum like this for us this is an opportunity to share experiences learn from each other and galvanize the much needed international support excellencies ladies and gentlemen the constitution of Nepal ensures health as a fundamental human rights of the people policy and legal framework as well as service delivery mechanism has been devised accordingly in an effort to realize this constitutional vision when it comes to child and maternal health we have a robust safe motherhood and reproductive health act maternal new world and child health services have been included in the basic health service package and have been provided through all levels of health facilities free this requires a partnership approach across all levels of the government and among various sectors health in all policies the need of art and this approach has been increasingly being emphasized as a strategy to mobilize multi-sectoral action for health across the government and to increase policy requirements as a part of the institutional setup of this holistic approach we have constituted a multi-sectoral board under the public health service act while the shift from millennium development goal to sustainable development goals has allowed more opportunity for multi-sectoral approach it also requires change in the mindset innovative ways partnerships and governance not only at the government's level but also for civil society the private sector and the research community the fundamental importance of reliable timely and disaggregated data and statistics to monitor the equitable progress of maternal new born and child health indicators should not be ignored in addition other existing health system challenges like human resources for health infrastructure service delivery financing and logistic required multi-sectoral approach and systemic thinking as well the overall empowerment of women and girls integral to all dimension to inclusive and sustainable development goals in Nepal growth in the literacy rate of women their empowerment through various community based programs and gradual social and cultural transformation has allowed women to increasingly assist health services for themselves and their children which will eventually contribute in achieving the target of sg disease the government of Nepal is committed to achieving the universal health coverage for all the AMA program which provides the incentive for safe delivery the social health insurance program and other free health care programs are some examples of targeted interventions to address the financial barriers in assessing the health care for mother and children I would like to conclude here by thanking the ministry of health of the government of India and partnership for maternal new born and child health for organizing this forum I took forward to constructive valuation during the success in this session thank you for your kind attention thank you his excellency under the unprecedented visionary leadership of honorable prime minister of India Srinarendra Modi we all are witnessing the emergence of new India his powerful mantra of sub-kassad sub-kavikas has empowered and steered 1.2 billion Indians various paths breaking health related initiatives have been undertaken for affordable effective and equitable access to health care particularly by underprivileged and vulnerable which is honorable prime minister's deep commitment and also one of the UN SDGs may I request the honorable prime minister of India Srinarendra Modi to kindly address us guide us and show us the way forward distinguished dignitaries the guys delegates from India and abroad ladies and gentlemen namaste a very warm welcome to all the delegates from across the world to the partners forum 2018 it is only partnerships that will get us to our goals partnership between citizens partnership between communities partnerships between countries the sustainable development agenda is a reflection of this countries move beyond standalone efforts they committed to empowering communities improving health and education ending poverty and sparring boosting economic growth and ultimately leaving no one behind the health of mothers will determine the health of the children and the health of children will determine the health of our tomorrow we have gathered to discuss and deliberate ways to improve the health and well-being of mothers and children the outcomes of our discussions today will have a great impact on our tomorrow the partners forum vision is in the line with India's ancient wisdom of basu dayo kutum come the world is one family it also in line with my government philosophy means collective efforts and partnership for inclusive growth the partnership for maternal newborn and child health is a unique and effective platform we are not only making a case for better health we are also making an argument for faster growth at the world search is for new ways to ensure rapid growth ensuring good health of women is one of the best ways of doing so we have achieved a lot of progress in the last few years a lot eight remains to be done from bigger budget to better outcomes and from mindset change to monitoring there is a lot to be done the India story is one of hope hope that roadblocks can be overcome hope that behavioral change can be ensured hope that rapid progress can be achieved when the millennium development goals were agreed on India had one of the world's highest mortality rates for women and children with sustained momentum and a faster rate of decline during the last few years India is on course to attend the SDG targets for maternal and child health much ahead of the agreed date of 2030 India was one of the first countries to advocate focus attention on adolescence and implement an expensive health promotion and prevention program for adolescence our effort ensured that they get that due recognition in the global strategy for women's children's and adolescence health adopted in 2015 yet on areas to put them there meaning where women are honored divinity blossoms there I firmly believe that our nation's prosperous when its people and importantly the women and children are educated and are able to live independent and power and healthy lives I'm pleased to note that India's immunization program a subject close to my heart is being featured as a success story in this forum under mission in the Danish we reach 32.8 million children and 8.4 million pregnant women over the last three years we have also increased the numbers of vaccines under the universal immunization program from 7 to 12 our vacancies now cover life threatening disease like pneumonia and diarrhea friends when my government assumed office in 2014 we were losing more than 44,000 mothers annually during childbirth we launched the Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Makrutva Abhyan to provide best possible care to mothers during pregnancy we called upon the doctors to place one day of service per month to this campaign under this campaign 16 million antenatal care checkups have been performed the country has 25 million newborns our robots facility based newborn care system which provides care to more than 1 million newborn babies through 794 state-of-the-art special newborn care units as serve as a successful model as a result of our interventions 840 additional lives of children under 5 are being saved each day in India as compared to four years back children's nutrition is being addressed through the potion of beyond this brings together various schemes and interventions working towards a common goal of malnutrition free India in order to improve the quality of life of children we are implementing rastriya bal swastha kairakram this has provided 800 million health screening checkups and free referral treatment to 20 million children in the last four years one thing that constantly worried us was the high out-of-pocket expenditure incurred by families to avail medical care we therefore launched the aushman bharat yodara aushman bharat has a two-fold strategy the first is the provision of a comprehensive primary care at a facility near the community including guidance on healthy lifestyle and yoga through the health and wellness centers the fit India and it right movements are also important part of our strategy for health and wellness the community will also be able to receive free training and care for common disease including hypertension diabetes and three common cancers of breast cervicals and oral the patients will receive free medicines and diagnostic support close to their homes we plan to start 150,000 such health and wellness centers by 2022 the other arm of aushman bharat is the pradhan mantri jan arogya yodana p.m. jai this provides cashless health insurance cover up to Rs. 500,000 per family per year covering 500 million citizens who are most poor and vulnerable this number is almost equal to the population of canada Mexico and the united states taken together we have already provided free treatment worth rupees 700 crores to 500,000 families under this scheme within 10 weeks of its launch today being global universal health coverage day I again state that we will continue to work toward providing universal health coverage to all with one million registered social health activists or Asha workers and 232,000 auxiliary nurse midwives we have a formidable force of women for frontline health workers they are the strength of our program India is a huge country some states and districts have performed at par with developed countries others have their work cut out I instructed my officials to identify 117 expression districts each such district has been interested to a team that works across sectors like education water and sanitation rural development with top most priority to health and nutrition we are working on women's centric schemes through other departments also till 2015 more than half of Indian women did not have access to clean fuel for cooking we change this with Ojwala Yojana and provided cleaner cooking options to 58 million women we have taken up Swachh Bharat mission on war footing to make India open defecation free by the year 2019 in the last four years sanitation coverage in rural areas has increased from 39 percent to 95 percent we all know the saying if you educate a man you educate an individual but if you educate a woman you educate an entire family we have translated that into a program that focuses on the girl child and on giving her the best quality of life and education in addition we have also devised a small deposit saving scheme for girls called with more than 12.6 million accounts upon this scheme is helping us secure the future of the girl child we have also introduced Pradhan Mantri Matru Bandana Yojana that is expected to benefit more than 50 million pregnant women and lecturing mothers this scheme's enable direct benefit transfer to their bank accounts to compensate for wage loss enable better nutrition and adequate rest before and after delivery we have also increased maternity leave to 26 weeks from Talbix at the earlier we are committed to increasing India's health spending to 2.5 percent of GDP by 2025 reaching to more than 100 billion US dollars this will mean an actual increase of 345 percent over the current share in just eight years we will continue to work for the betterment of people women children and youth will continue to remain at the heart of every policy program or initiative I would like to stress on the need for multi stakeholder partnership for achieving success in all our endeavors we are aware that effective healthcare especially for women and children is based organized through convergent action friends have been given to understand that over the next two days this forum will discuss 12 success stories from all over the world this is indeed an opportunity for a dialogue between countries to share what we can learn from each other India stands ready to support its fellow countries in the mark to achieving the development goals through skill and training programs provision of affordable medicines and vaccines knowledge transfer and exchange programs I will be keen to hear the outcomes of the ministerial country which has been designed to contribute to these discussions this forum has a vibrant platform offer us the right movement which would invigorate our commitment to survive thrive transform we have our task well laid out and we continue to work with utmost dedication and devotion to provide help for all India shall always stand together with all the partners in solidarity I call upon each one of you including those who have joined us virtually to embrace this induced period so that we are able to extend our support to the entire humanity let us join our hands together as an expression let's come forward let us join our hands together as an expression of our commitment towards this noble cause thank you thank you very much please be a part of this thank you sir as a mark of our partnership let's hold hand of each other in solidarity with the call to action for women children and adolescent health made by honorable prime minister Shunna Rindra Modi ji I request all of you all the participants present here to hold the hands of participants next to you in solidarity with the call to action to our solidarity that we stand together to achieve our goals as the delegates come together to hold hands the gesture is more than just symbolic it is also a strong reiteration of how collaborative strategies ensure equitable growth across economic geographic and social strata


Since yesterday, I had to start late. I thought today I'd start early to make up for it. So good morning. I'm Julian Harty. Some of you have met me. If not, chat to me later on. I'm in the bug bash for the Sony M3 stuff. I've been working mobile properly for about 10 years. But this talk is more general about user experience on web and on mobile. And I'm happy to take questions through, but I have got quite a lot of material. So sometimes I'll move your question to the end. So the first thing we want to do is to understand what does UX or user experience mean for people. I picked a couple of examples. I think these are personant for many of us in our lives today. I suspect that some of you now use Uber and Ola cabs. And you're familiar with booking taxes in the good old days, when we normally phoned someone up and said, please can have a cab to take us to whatever. And of course, you've got the tuk-tuk's and all the rest of it around India, which help us to get from place A to place B. One of the things that's very clear to me is that the companies such as Ola cabs are transforming the market. And they're transforming, in part, by changing the user experience. Gone are the days when I would fly to a foreign country and try and work out who the heck's going to take me in a cab, how much they're ripping me off, and just which route they're taking me to the city that I thought was five kilometers away. We seem to be driving forever and ever in the wrong direction. Because these days, we've got mobile devices. We know who our driver is. They've been rated by someone else. You know, they've got four point something scores. They've got 57 reviews. We can actually see in real time where we're going. If it's a problem, we know how to complain and who to complain to. So this is transforming our user experiences. And it's transforming it more for some of us than others. And by that, I think that some people have been treated worse in general by taxi companies than others in the past, particularly women traveling alone. It's something I've seen and observed quite a bit in life. But the people are more vulnerable, tended to suffer more. But the industry is now moving on. So the feelings, the emotions, and the user experience is what we personally feel. It's based on using something. We can't have a user experience without using something. So you have a user experience at the conference. You have a user experience for those who stayed yesterday evening and listened to the music. And some people played the musical instruments. And it's essentially what we do and always using the system. It involves a number of different factors. So for instance, it's doing things like credibility. So I don't know what companies you work for, what your systems are. But one of the reasons people use your system is because you're credible. If you weren't trustworthy, people wouldn't use your systems. It's to do with desirability. So how many of you have iPhones or Samsung edge phones? So part of the reason we do this is because they're desirable. They look good. They reflect well on our status by having these devices. So if we're standing in line at 6 AM waiting for the Apple Store to have the next device coming out, we're doing that because we desire the device. Otherwise, we just order online and arrive next week. Who cares? But no, we actually make the effort, even this digital age, to go and stand in line and buy stuff. It's holistic, and it always includes our perceptions. So it's clouded or affected by who we are and what we think. It's affected by our expectations. So with the taxi examples I gave you, we now expect to be able to rate the driver and the experience. We now expect them to turn up on time. And for us to be able to see, look, the driver's three minutes away, two minutes away, one minute away. I had a friend fly over from California to visit me in England in London. He'd booked a cab using one of these services. And the cab driver remained 15 minutes away on the system. The little dot said, the driver's 15 minutes away. And he got really upset about it. Now, in the old days, you just went to a black cab. You paid your $150 for the joy of sitting in a black cab to leave London Airport because it's a lot of money, and they did what they liked. But now he got upset. He complained, et cetera, et cetera. So his expectations had changed his experience. Our mood changes our user experience. I'm happy today because I won a prize. OK, so whatever else happens today, I'll be in a good mood. And that means if I'm using your software, I might be in a slightly better mood than I would otherwise be. On the other hand, if I just had to pay my tax bill and the tax bill was much more than I wanted to pay, I realized now I haven't got the money to buy my new iPhone, I get sad and grumpy, and I use your system, the user experience is likely to change. The situation affects what we do. So I rode a motorbike with my daughter around Europe. I use a GPS to navigate. I use an iPhone. Guess what happens with an iPhone when it's raining? The touchscreen stops working. You cannot actually get it to respond to touch it.  So I could see the GPS to see where we've just gone wrong on the road. So very, very frustrating. So the context changes our expectations. The next thing is that we can look at user experience two different ways. One is the digital experience. We can essentially measure that from software reporting things automatically. And the other is the analog experience, which is essentially feedback from a human being. The human being actually communicates and is part of this process. So in terms of measuring user experience, some of you will be familiar with terms like click-through rates. So if you have an advert or there's something on a site and people are going, yes, they're clicked on it, you may have things like dwell time.  And the software is a web page or a mobile app. And we say, they only spent half a second on that. Too short. What does too short mean? Well, we're not quite sure. But we think it means it wasn't engaging. So we start to infer things from the time. Sometimes people spend too long. And we infer things because we believe too long is bad. Because perhaps they didn't comprehend the page. They didn't understand the content. Does all make sense? All right. Usage. So again, we measure usage. We have sort of one-day active, seven-day active, 30-day active, which simply means that if a group of users, all of you, started using ConfEngine, the app for the conference, yesterday, how many of you are still using it today? Not many. OK, so the retention rate is already dropped. Now, some of you may use it later on today or tomorrow. So you would count within the seven-day actives if you haven't used it earlier on. So this is a standard measure in the industry. And we like to see retention. We like to say that retention stays high. And when it stays high, we assume the user experience is better. Then we've got this sad old world of crashes, particularly when we're dealing with mobile apps, the device will sometimes say to us, sorry, the application has stopped or the application is not responding, close. That we infer gives a bad user experience. And then finally, we're looking at the usability measurements, including things like task completion. So how long does it take for the user to get from the beginning of something to the end of something and complete it successfully? And by that I mean they've navigated each of the stages. That may be a three-step process. Log in, add something to the shopping cart, pay, check out. Make sense? The other part of the measurement is correctness. So did they do the right thing? So let's go back to filing taxes. Did we provide the correct information or not? We could have got to enter the form and then whoever checks the form deems that it was incorrect. So correctness is important as well as task completion. When we're looking at analog user experience then, as I mentioned earlier on, we're dealing inherently with human beings. So it could be that we interview users. We could do that in little user communities. We could ask them into the company, whatever it is. We could record them. Some recordings are explicit, so I'm explicitly being recorded by a camera over there. I know that. When you ask questions, you're probably implicitly being recorded by a camera because you're not really paying attention. Till suddenly you look up there and think, oh my good, my head's this big. You know? Oh yes, luckily I'm still pretty busy or whatever it is. So we have the implicit recording where the apps in particular are using the camera to record us or the software has got some little bit of JavaScript running in it that's recording what the user's mouse is doing and where they're hovering and all these things. So we've got the implicit recording. And typically you've agreed to it but you agreed to it on page 37 of those terms and conditions you just clicked through. So I would argue that we didn't really agree to it. We're just so fed up of companies asking for our first child that we clicked through the agreement and say yes, continue. The next thing then is we can have surveys. So I expect many of us have seen these little pop-up. Would you like to rate us? Would you like to give us two minutes of your time? No, I wouldn't. No, I really wouldn't. Just please go away. Okay, open the background.  You know, whatever it is.  Okay, click, click. Yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, yes, finish. Yay, $20 voucher. Okay, so it's important because the feedback we get from human beings is often biased by various factors. Like, I just want to get this out of the way, rather than I truly want to give you feedback or like our glorious vote in England two days ago in UK, we asked two insane questions. Not the sensible one is can we change what we're doing? But do you want to stay or do you want to leave? Well, I don't actually like either question but I have to answer one of them so I answered one of them. But the question wasn't well formed in my view. I'd prefer to have a different question. And then we've got this concept of net promoter score. If you work for sites that sell stuff, you'll typically be asked, or video sites, things like Netflix, you'll be asked for a net promoter score which is essentially measuring the likelihood of you saying either good things to your friends or bad things to your friends about the service, the app, whatever it is. And there are three buckets. There are the buckets of people who don't have a strong opinion and though we're not going to say anything to anyone. The bad news is you don't count at all now. You're not important to net promoter score.  So you're important because you detract from the app or the service. And conversely, we have the net promoters who say, brilliant, love this stuff. You must use it, you know, when you're running your next conference, definitely use this product. And it's important because of the network effect, the human effect. So that's the net promoter score. And then finally, in the mobile world, we quite often have in-app feedback and similar things exist in websites that says essentially, would you like to provide us feedback? And they then sometimes, particularly in apps, bifurcate what happens next. If they think you only have a positive review, they direct you to the public website. Go on to the public website, write a five-star review because that helps our ratings. Versus, you're going to complain? Talk directly to us. We'll take care of you because they don't want the bad news to be public. So talking about app stores and reviews then, 4.4 was the score for our Android app. For one of the companies I was working with, it dropped to 4.3. Is this material to you? Would you still download an app if it was a 4.3 rating? Probably. So you think, eh, it's a bit annoying, isn't it? But what the heck does this actually mean to us? Well, what actually happened for us is we noticed our revenues dropped between 5% and 10%. Roughly on that day. I thought, what the hell? How could it go down so much for what seemed to be so little? And there were several factors that happened. One was in the app stores, it's essentially got a search engine in it. And the search engine gives results. When an app gets a lower score, it dropped down in the rankings. And again, you'd think if I typed olacabs, the first result's gonna be olacabs, isn't it? If I typed eBay, the first one's gonna be eBay. But if I typed something like dating or photos, I'd get a generic category. So we'd drop down in one of the generic categories. The second thing is that the users of the app, I think implicitly and unconsciously, noticed something was wrong, which is why this out of providing more negative reviews in the app store, and also spent less money. The cause of this seems insane.  And this is a sort of mock-up of the screen. Essentially, in the background, I've used purple and yellow here. We had some images shown to people. And we had a little dialogue box that appeared in the center. And you look at the dialogue box and it seems kind of central, isn't it? What's wrong with the dialogue box? Well, what was actually happening is, if you look here, this is the English, tap on the color you prefer to continue the game. This is the mock-up, by the way, not the real words. But in German, do you notice it's a little bit longer? And here, the French being proud of their language, use even more letters to say the same thing. And I think this is Tamil, isn't it? So this is Tamil saying the same thing, I hope. Google translate, so help me if it's wrong. So what was important is if you notice here, this is a screenshot of the equivalent dialogue box in German. The text is actually wrapped to three lines. Now, again, you kind of think, well, no big deal. But what actually happened is, we had to raise condition the code. It said, draw the dialogue box and get the localized translation from the server. Sometimes it got the localized translation first and it drew the dialogue box around the contents. So it put it in the center. But sometimes, it drew the dialogue box first and the text arrived afterwards and we updated it. If the text was still small enough, the dialogue box didn't change in locational size. But if it did, it sort of expanded and dropped it down a little bit on the screen. And that seemed to be enough for us to get the lower app store reviews. When we fixed it, the scores went up. It's a bit hard to read story about the text. It's lots of words. I want to give you an example of a review of an app that I found in America. It's something called M&T Bank. Can you see up there the customer ratings? Current version. What's the score of that? Yeah, one and a half stars. And compared to all versions, which is two and a half stars, we can see it's going downhill. Now, how many of us, if we were sane, would install this app? Who wants to install a one and a half star app on their device? Well, it's a bank. So it either is your bank or isn't your bank.  I either have to use this app or no app. I'll go back to the website. And you read the feedback here. And the feedback here, oops, this is very sensitive for some reason, anyway, the feedback here is essentially customers complaining. But from a testing perspective, quite often, these are things that we can catch in testing in future. So it's good for us to know what's happening. Most of you will know of Kindle. So it's an Amazon device. It's also an application. I was in the States. And this was, I think, around the 30th of March this year. Again, you can't really read the detail of the text, but hopefully you can see the headlines. So feedback number one says, perfect and keeps getting better. Five stars. Brilliant. Two, how to break an app. Nine, awful. 10, update ruined my Kindle on. Four, fab app. Five, good but dreadful after probably a recent update. 11, oh no, awful after update. 12, one star, latest update. 13, not working after today's update. Six, what did you do? Brackets, Amazon. Rubbish. Buggy updates. Updates broken my app. Now, we hope that someone's paying attention, don't we here? So the good news is that less than a week later, Amazon had updated the app. I took this screenshot on the 6th of April. So it's just been launched. Did you see what they do? Performance and stability improvements. Customer ratings on the 6th, so one day after the new release had gone out, had gone to three stars. Not quite as good as the historical score, three and a half. But we see that a month later, the app's actually at four and a half stars. So Amazon had done something right. So this is a success story. We see something went wrong. And basically they should have perhaps fixed something in testing and found it in testing first rather than push out the buggy one. But they fixed it within a week and we now see the results of it. Staggeringly though, 96% of the companies who can provide feedback on their apps don't bother. So you're a company, a bit of detail I'll take in a second, but if you're a company and you're not paying attention to the feedback on the app stores for your apps, you're in deep trouble. Because otherwise you get users who get grumpy. And what happens is users perceive that you're not responding to them, they get pissy. So the user experience will inherently decrease. Now the detail is that on Android, on the app store, on Google Play, you can provide feedback as a developer. So you complain or write good news or whatever. I can go as a developer and write something back to you. So it becomes a conversation and a dialogue. On iOS, you can't provide feedback, it's sort of listen only. So you can't respond directly to the users. So there is a subtle distinction, but on Android, 96% of people don't bother responding to the feedback from the users. And it's a massive difference because you can actually help improve the customer experience just by providing feedback and saying, yes, I understand there's a problem. We're dealing with it, we've got our best team on it, we're just waiting for the final testing to go through and for the app store to approve it. And the rest of you look at that and say, good, they care. They're dealing with it, I'll wait a few hours. And then I'll try again. Rather than if you look at it and you think it's an imperious company who aren't listening, I gotta make sure they listen. I'm gonna tell them another one style, another one style and we all get grumpy. And these have a long effect on it. The next thing we do then in terms of digital analytics is looking at our digital experience is using analytics and heat maps. These are feedback cycles for testing, or in this case an app, but it's fairly similar for web applications. The difference being that we wouldn't tend to have an in-store app feedback. So we have an app, we have some sort of testing. And the feedback cycle in most teams is fairly rapid. We're perhaps in the same room, the same team, the same building, even if we split in the same organization often. And we have a sort of common trust within the organization. We've all signed confidentiality agreements. We can talk fairly openly about what's good and what's bad. And that feedback hopefully helps us to improve the app for future releases. If not, what's the point? The big narrow circle is social media feedback. We can go on to social media, Twitter, Facebook, whatever it is, Instagram, and we can write things.  This feedback is important, and we can respond to it. And again, companies tend to learn to do that. The app store feedback for a mobile app between 0.1% or 1,000, and 10% of users provide feedback, so one in 10. The average is about one in 100. So how many of you have downloaded an app on a mobile phone? Some haven't? Okay, most of you have. How many of you provide feedback? Okay, so we're looking at about a third to a quarter of you provide feedback on at least one application. So the majority of you haven't provided feedback on any app even though you download and use them. So I don't know whether you like, dislike, tolerate, love, because you don't provide feedback. You're the silent majority. So the in-app analytics is where we add a little bit of code to our application or our website, and it captures digital sort of fingerprints of what we're doing. It says the user's just gone to the search page. The user's completed the checkout, whatever it is. Quite often it's provided by a third party company, so it may be provided by Google or Flurry or any of the other companies that are out there, and we go and look on a reporting server and get the data back. So how does this help us? So one of the important things is in any software team, and I used to work at Google and eBay and Salesforce and all the sort of latest high-tech companies, great innovative developers, but inherently within a team, we're limited by what we perceive and what we think. So for instance, before I came to India, which was about five years ago, the first time, I had no clue what being in India was like. I knew a lot from talking to people and working with people from India, but until I came here I didn't experience it. So if I was trying to out an app for the Indian market, good luck. I just don't understand enough about things. I don't understand the norms, I don't expect what you want, what you dislike, colors, choices, all these things. So we need to get the feedback, but teams can't get the feedback unless we get it from someone who knows. So given that with the app stores or any other feedback, we're getting feedback from about 1% of the population, we're ignoring the 99%. With the analytics data, we're now getting data from roughly 100% of our population. I say roughly because sometimes they're behind broken networks, oops, or behind firewalls, or in flight mode, or somewhere where the network's not available, and so the messages aren't being sent from the app or from the web application. And we may have to wait and get them later, or they may just say, no, I don't want to send feedback or use some sort of blocker to stop this traffic going through. Again, we block much more on the website than we tend to block on the mobile devices because people don't really know how. Low cost of operations. Once we put the software in, unless we're a very high end customer of the analytics services, it's typically free. If we're a big brand company with billions of transactions, then we'll probably pay for the service and support. And hopefully this real world usage can help drive our testing and analysis and bring more realism to what the testing we're doing. To give you an example in the company we were working with, we had a team from all over the world, and we were based in Soho in London. And we were looking at the analytics and we suddenly realized that we had this hotspot of users in Paris. Paris, France, for those who come from America. So Paris, France. Now what's key about people from France? They tend to speak French. What were we testing in? English. Now it wasn't because we didn't have people who spoke French, but we hadn't thought, we hadn't gone, duh, we've got a bunch of users here, we should make sure the app works well for the French users or the people who speak Tamil or whatever it is. But because we got data from analytics, we could start to do this. Again, an example from mobile apps, I think the web is fairly similar. We've logically got roughly three layers of software. We've got the user interface, we've got some sort of application logic, and then we've got the operating system. So the analytics I'm talking about is ideally suited to the application logic. It's kind of what the app is doing, what the software is doing, the purpose, the intent. It reflects a little bit on the user interface, but it doesn't tend to tell us whether it's the right colors or the user's like they look and feel and the rest of it. But again, sometimes we're getting fur things about the GUI, the click-through rate has dropped, perhaps the problem is something to do with the GUI. We don't know, we're gonna investigate. The GUI side of it then, something called Heat Maps, which is available for web and for mobile, helps us to understand more about that. And finally, the operating system, unless it's instrumented, by instrument it has extra code that records what's happening, we don't tend to get much, but again, we can infer some of it from the analytics. This is an example of a heat map from a company called Apsi. They're one of the leaders in the analytics market and in the heat maps market. And we've got an example of some uglier sin, terms and conditions. And you've probably all seen something like this. It's full of capitalized text, whether it's blurry or not, it doesn't really matter, we all don't understand it, we don't want to look at it. All we know is we have to do something at this point, don't we? So what do we do? We thump on the little bit at the bottom, don't we?  But the heat maps told them that something was going wrong. In fact, what they noticed is that the drop-off rate on this screen was around a third of all users stopped at this point. That's quite a lot, isn't it? So there were two problems. The first was that they actually had to tick the little, I agree, to the terms of service. There's a little tiny tick box to the left, but a bit like the way this screen resolution isn't perfect, users with a fat finger of device don't always hit exactly in the tick box. And this meant that they didn't necessarily tick it. And you can see from the heat map there where people were actually tapping versus where the size of the button was, on the tick box. The second was, quite often, they were just pressing the button. And the logic flaw was, if they just press the button, the app didn't respond. It didn't say, you need to tick the tick box. It just sat there waiting for the users to tick the tick box. Now, functionally, if we're sitting here doing functional tests, we might say, yeah, it's passed the functional tests. You need to tick the box and then press the okay button. Yeah, tests passed. But fundamentally, the problem was one of design and one of area. So the app developers, having seen this data, did two changes. The first is they made the whole, I agree, into a live area. So that meant if you hit anywhere on that, it ticked the tick box. So in other words, the users who saw the tick box and wanted to answer yes, or had to answer yes, they were able to do so. The second was, if you just press the button at the bottom, like many of us do, and you hadn't ticked the tick box, they had a little dialogue box saying, do you agree with terms and conditions? Please tick this box to continue. And again, the users now knew what they had to do and could tick the little box and move on. And as a result of this, they got a significant improvement in the retention rate of users. Microsoft have a big research arm, and they're some of the world leaders in researching about software development. So this means that this is from Microsoft work from 2010, and they were looking at analytics for software development. And this was looking at things like the past. We look at the past quite often, don't we? And we look at trends and defect reports and the rest of it. But we may not look much more than that. However, we can start to do some analysis of how and why did things happen? How and why did these bugs creep into the system? How and why did we see these things happening, these effects in the world? So we can look then at software quality models and say, how do we improve how we develop the software? Perhaps we can fix things that way. Today, we've just launched a new version of our software. We're getting some sort of alerts. We can hear complaints from users and feedback. So we need to know what's happening right now. How many users have upgraded? Are there any problems? And we need to know that because sometimes we need to make a decision. What's our next action we need to do? Do we need to pull a broken app from the App Store? Do we need to revert? Do we need to have more people on customer service because we know we're gonna get more complaints from now on? Do we need to do this, that or the other? Do we need to buy more servers? Whatever it is, because most of us now order servers online. We're going to Amazon web services and say, yes, three more machines, please. And two minutes later, we've got more capacity. Then we can look into the future and many of you in companies who do the sort of forecasting. How much do you expect the business to grow this year? Oh, well, it's gonna be busy in November. It's gonna grow by 20%. But as importantly, we can do some sort of modeling and simulation and look at things that will change the model rather than just persist the model. So there may be a transforming effect that we need to deal with. Right. Any of you use analytics in your companies? I'm intrigued, did any of you evaluate alternatives? One of you. So by evaluate alternatives, I mean you looked at Google and you looked at Mixpanel and you looked at Flurry, you actually did some testing and moved on. So a few of you do that. But many of us, particularly when agile teams and we're on a one week or two week sprint, you get a little story and it says implement analytics. Oh, bugger. What does that mean? Let's do a quick search on Stack Overflow or the web. Yeah, what's everyone else using? Oh, well, this, my mate's using Google, so I'll use Google or I'm using Android, I'll use Google or my friend's using Flurry, so I'll use this. So we make that decision very quickly and then we try and worry about how to implement and then some lucky fool worries about how to test it. So we need to deal with two fundamental challenges. The first is something called precision. Precision means is it repeatable? If we see this as a series of inputs, do we get the same outputs? Accuracy is looking, are we on target, even though we may have a bigger spread? And ideally, we get both of them. A different way of representing these, by the way, these come from Wikipedia. So you're very welcome to look at Wikipedia and all the material will be available. So there's the other way of looking at it then. It's precision is the area under the curve. If it's precise, it's a very narrow area under the curve. Otherwise it's a very broad and flabby area under the curve. And the trueness is how far we are for the correct answer. This is the heat mapping software. It's from a French company. I created a new account. I hadn't used the service. Do you notice anything odd for a new account where I've never used a service before? I've got two users. I've got seven sessions. I've got, you don't see it here, but there's 20 there. There's seven somethings there. I've got trial variants. What? Now, if it doesn't work at zero, if the numbers are accurate at zero, how much trust can I give it when it says you've got 20 million customers? So I actually spoke to one of the leaders of the company and said, these numbers seem wrong. And the answer was, well, our big customers like it. So I look at that and think, huh? Well, it happens the world over. So this was an example where I was working at a company and they had two analytics libraries built into the software. The numbers didn't agree with each other. So because they didn't agree with each other, they said, what should we do? Let's get a third piece of software and add that. Of course, a sensible approach because hopefully the third one will agree with either A or B. Well, guess what? They didn't. So we now have three sets of divergent answers. Right, so let's take the one we know is wrong out. Make sense? The trouble was that was the one that gave the most positive numbers. Now, if you ever worked with a sales and marketing team, you'll know that quite often their bonus depends on, increase the market share in India by 35%. If you take away the thing that's most likely to give them that answer and they're being paid $100,000 of results of achieving that, funny enough, they get grumpy. Because the numbers of the three systems don't correlate, they don't agree with each other, you can't just sort of extrapolate from one of the other two and say, oh, it's 10% more than. So we were left in this ugly bind because no one had actually thought to test it at the beginning and make sure that whichever libraries they're using were accurate. I mentioned that it's running our devices and sometimes it's working implicitly, so we've got a dark side of analytics to think about. When we're capturing information about users, we have a responsibility to those users. And there are several examples of that sort of a little bit naughty. So at the top here, we've got 50 million Android users were being tracked for a flashlight application. Now, if you've got a modern iPhone, you probably know you can just go and turn the flashlight on your phone as it is. But in the old days, you had a little app that did that for you and this is an Android app. And essentially, they'd release it in the app store but essentially it was a bit of spyware built into it. But iOS isn't immune either. So here, this was October last year. The apps were using something called private APIs and they were using that to harvest personal information from the users. Now, the apps are people just using them but under the covers, the app company had used a third party library to get the analytics data and that library was misbehaving. But people hadn't checked that. To be fair, it's fairly hard to check these are security vulnerabilities but nonetheless no one had caught it until some security company found it and report it to Apple and then all the apps were pulled from the market. And one of the things you probably know is that you can give your app's permission to do things like make and receive phone calls. If you have Skype, you've probably done that. It may send text messages for you. Well, in some cases those messages are cheap or free. They're part of your bundle with the telco. Other times they call expensive premium rate numbers in Bogota. You probably don't know where Bogota is but it's $2 a minute. So your phone bill is now being eaten at $2 a minute. Silently, you don't know anything about it but the app is doing this for you. Not very friendly. Interesting company from Israel called Safety K are actually analyzing reverse engineering of these libraries to look at the real behaviors and then reporting on them. This is an example from academic research. They were running a multi-year trial across millions of users and what they did is deliberately reduced some of the accuracy on the data they were collecting. And what you may notice, we've got two US cities here, Dallas and New York and the differences in color are the difference in latency in the network. And I hope you can see that there's clear differences in behavior even on a 10 kilometer by 10 kilometer grid that's enough to act upon. So all this wonderful technology and gathering information about the user experience is necessary but not necessarily sufficient. And here's an example for you. Again, it's from academic research. Do you see there's a sort of red rings which the keyboard and the little sort of dotted blackish rings are network requests. Do you notice there seems to be a correlation that when the user presses on the keyboard a network packet is sent? Yeah? And it seems to be a one for one pattern. Now, you're the testers for this project. So you're looking at this and you say, is this what it's supposed to be doing? Is it supposed to be using lots of network traffic or not each time they use the types? Yes or no? No? Who thinks yes and who thinks no? Okay, this is a bit like the survey for the UK voting. So the real answer is it depends. Because if this was something like type ahead where we're doing searches, it's auto completing and I'm typing B. So Google's trying to guess what the hell's B. Okay, well it starts with some B words. Ah, ah, bah, bah, bath. Maybe he wants to find a bath. No? Ban, ban? Okay, and eventually it'll say, oh, it's in Bangalore. Okay, let me give Bangalore as a result. So that's what's happening perhaps. Perhaps that's a good thing in the application. Perhaps it's a bad thing. We don't know by ourselves. We need to go and find out more about it. So some things that might help us to improve the user experience. The first example, this is again an academic paper from a mix of university people and a company called Shopify in the States. And they were looking at the 10 most frequent complaints. And here we can see things like functional errors, feature requests, apps crashing in order. But then they looked at most impactful ones. What you may not see very well here is that privacy and ethics was actually the number one even though it wasn't often complained about. Again, in similar research, what they discovered is that app store feedback is one to five stars. One being low, five being high. Paradoxically, it wasn't the ones that carried the worst news at the most serious. It was the two stars. Because it's very easy to write a one-star review. Hate the app, dump it. But that may be based on 15 seconds of looking at the app. The two-star reviews tend to be more considered and more thoughtful. I've been using this for a while. I can see there's something fundamentally broken. Here's what's broken in my view. So I write to you and I tell you in the feedback. You say, ah, okay, now I'm going to deal with that. So we need to look at the two-star feedback and pay more attention to that. Of course, paying attention to the other ones as well. The next thing is, I did a talk about, I don't know, eight years ago. Now 2008, it's recorded online. There's a YouTube video of it based on something called Six Thinking Hats. It's an idea that's been around 40, 50 years. Debono popularized it, if you've heard of him. He's the guy who's known for lateral thinking, which you've probably heard of. Anyway, and this is six different thinking hats enables us to perceive and direct our thinking. The white hat is all about facts and data, what we know, what we don't know, what we know we don't know that we need to get answers to. The red hat is about emotions. Now, when we're dealing with that user experience, we're typically dealing with human emotions. So perhaps from a testing perspective, we need to think about testing where emotions are included in them. The yellow hat is looking at the positive, the best possible outcome. The black hat represents two things. One is the negative aspects of things, so bad feelings grumping us. The other is what happens and what can go wrong if we achieve what we want to achieve. So we do everything right. What still can be a problematic with it. And quite often, we have side effects of what we do that we don't really think through until the end of it. So we have a promotion and the promotion encourages more usage. More usage then causes the service to crash. So it is an unintended consequence of what we're doing. Green hat is for creative thinking and the blue hat is for the big picture to make sure we're not losing track and focusing too much on the weeds and anything else. Many of you have heard of Alfred Hitchcock making films. So he actually had two scripts. He had the blue script, which is the facts, which is act A and act B are in a dialogue on the side of a mountain or whatever it is. But he had the green script, which is about emotions. How he wanted the audience to feel at this point in the film. So if we think about our testing, how do we want our users to feel when using the application at this point? And of course, what do we want them not to feel?  Most of you have heard of this company. Many of you use this company. So what Facebook realized, fun enough from usage in India, is not the whole world has LTE. I noticed that Bangalore now has LTE, so that's good. But many parts of India is still on GPRS. So they actually have this day in the company when they simulate a GPRS network for all the people with their iPhone 6s and the rest of it. Oh, I mentioned iPhones. Well, most of the developers actually had iPhones and iPads. So they actually said, right, you need to go and get the same devices users have and again in India, many of the users have Android devices. So let's make sure that we're actually using the same devices to give us a closer representation of the user experience of the real users, not the developers who are living in their Silicon worlds. And I have all these devices and I rotate them every few months. I go from Android to iOS to BlackBerry to Windows Phone to try and make sure that I get the different user experiences. I've yet to explain, but I'm actually doing a PhD research on using analytics to improve software quality and improve testing. So part of what I'm looking at now is ways to do test recommendations based on the data we're getting. I'm very happy to chat to people afterwards in future, if you're interested in this work because it works well with me and the research I'm doing. And I can hopefully help you in finding ways to recommend tests to run in future based on the data we get. I can tell I'm running out of time, so I'll be fairly quick. One of the perennial questions we have in testing is how many devices? If you look at mobile, how many tests, how many web browsers, which version do we need to run? Well, if I ask many of you, do testing, you'll say, I've got five devices in the drawer. We've got 10 in the cupboard and those are the ones we use. Okay, fine. Well, how do we actually work out which ones are enough? These little pre-pictures, the top two are Android devices. People install an app and it basically does a little bit of network monitoring and they've got in the order of a quarter of a million users. So not very many, but across this quarter of a million users, they've got something like 40,000 different devices reporting it. The most popular one, the top left hand corner is a Samsung Galaxy. If we look at it by manufacturer, the big dark blue is Samsung. So Samsung is 40% of all the traffic. The second one in red is LGE and I got Novo and Hawaii and ASUS, et cetera, et cetera. And then down to this little manufacturer, who knows where that came from? So, but it's some device. So when we're doing testing, if we look at data, it may help us decide which devices to test with. This is across a population with an app, but you may look across your company's data and say, even if that's true for the world, here with my project, my company, our users, our patents are different. For those of you sitting grinning because you do iOS apps and iOS is easy and there's only a few devices, this is a matrix of all the different iOS devices and the different features, the different versions of iOS they shipped with and the different versions that supported. So even for iOS testing, it's now got fairly complex in working out all these permutations. Another way of looking at it, this is from academic research, is to say, well, let's focus on the human feedback, the apps or reviews, because if we get good reviews from these users, then everything's happy. So here they looked at how many devices we need to test with to cover 80% of the devices where people write feedback. And what they found is they compared free and paid devices, free and paid apps, sorry, and they found that in the order of about eight devices was enough to get about 80% coverage. So again, it's based on analytics and data rather than just based on guesswork and what you happen to have in your drawer. That's enough for feedback. So we may want to think about enough for the bugs or for the usage or locales and languages. So all these are important factors to consider. We can move beyond pure user experience and look at things like customer experience. This is from a chap called Bruce, who I met in the States, his website details are below. And here he's looking at customer experience and focusing on transactions, bit like digital, and relationship, the human sides of it. So well worth looking at. Finally, then I'll move on to the good UX is good business. Many of you know of this company, they're trying to build up business now in India and open their own stores here. Every store is designed. They're not accidental with Apple. The whole user experience and the moment you walk up to the store is intentional rather than accidental. This is the flying. So here was basically Delta and they now respond very promptly to people who are flying, particularly in the US, that's where the major market is. And let's say that you're flying and you land at Detroit. You need to take another aircraft flying to JFK. You can actually tweet now in real time. They'll say, your gate, Julian, is D3. Your flight leaves in 17 minutes. So they're actually giving feedback in real time on social media, which means we get a good user experience. The one on the left was just a company I responded to. I couldn't find a way to contact them. I tweet and a few minutes later they respond with please callers. Virgin, I was flying with them from the States and I was speaking to the crew and the crew essentially said, all airlines are roughly the same. It's the experience you get in the airplane that makes a difference. I talked about retention. This is an example from a chap called Andrew Chen who does quite a lot of research with his company. And the retention for the top 10 apps we can see is significantly better than for the average across on the left hand side. So in other words, good apps do get more usage and retain their users for longer. Couple of other things to consider. This is the UK market. I think the same is holding true in India. In banking, we're familiar with traditional banks. But many people in the world are unbanked. That means they don't belong to a typical bank account. And also for things that banks use to charge me a lot of money for, like sending money internationally, there are new startups who are competing against them. So for any traditional business, the world is changing around them and startups are nipping at their heels, trying to take business from them and to build a new business. In the UK, now by law, I can change my bank account automatically within seven days. I simply go to the new bank and they send a message to the old bank and the old bank must give them all the data within a certain number of days. And my account must be transferred without error within seven days. Now, you used to think of customer retention of banks being decades. But now I can just go in today, whatever it is Saturday, I can move my accounts away from my old bank, which I've been with for 30 years, by the way, in a couple of days. Pensions, similar in the UK, you can now take control of your pensions, transportation, I've mentioned Uber and older cabs and Google Maps. So we keep transforming the businesses and the worlds. So it's important that if we think about anything we're doing to do user experience, that we can't just sit still. We need to find ways to innovate in how we do our testing, how we deliver our software. And ultimately, we need to care enough about our users to change how we work. If we're not doing that, then we don't really care about user experience. So final thing then is, this is a book that I co-wrote with someone from HP, those nice people who are helping sponsor the conference, on using analytics to improve software development and software testing. I've got a few print copies that we'll be giving out sometime during the conference. The PDF is available online from the book's title. So the mobile analyticsplaybook.com, very welcome to download a copy and send me feedback. This is me, Julian Hartick, gmail.com. Thank you.


Just days into the admission process for Soldiers of Christ, C.H.O. was faint and feeble. The 33-year-old had come to the Atlanta suburb of Lawrenceville from South Korea in July to heal from a traumatic experience. Instead, police say, the soldiers' group led by two Korean-American brothers held her captive for weeks, torturing and starving her until she died, officers discovered her decaying body, weighing just 70 pounds, in September in the trunk of a car, and prosecutors have charged the brothers, their mom, a third brother and three others with murder. The gory details, covered widely in Korean news outlets in the U.S., have shocked the large Korean community in Metro Atlanta. Community leaders say the case is a wake-up call for Korean-Americans to be more vigilant about religious cults and potential threats to new arrivals from South Korea. �It really kind of alerted people that we should not be so comfortable,� said Sarah Park, president of the Atlanta Chapter of the Korean-American Coalition. The proximity of the slaying to the heart of Korean social and cultural life in the region was unsettling, she added. The brothers and mother lived in attended church in a part of Gwinnett County, dubbed the �Soul of the South� for its abundance of Korean restaurants, bakeries, and other establishments. The car with Cho's body was left in the parking lot of a popular Korean spa on a main thoroughfare in the Korean business district. �Usually, Koreans are good people, so they don�t guard themselves or watch strangers,� said Sunny Park, a prominent Korean-American businessman. But now they will. Apparently, the victim was subjected to beatings, malnourishment, which subsequently resulted in what the medical examiner's office believes the cause of her death. The victim was about 70 pounds when she was discovered by detectives.


Raisins have a favorable nutritional profile, containing high levels of dietary fiber, polyphenols, vitamins and minerals, as well as fructose. Evidence suggests that consuming moderate amounts of fructose can improve glycemic control and reduce the glycemic load of a meal. Additionally, raisins have been shown to have a low glycemic index, GI, low glycemic load, GL, and low insulin index, too, making them a healthier option than many other snack options. These findings suggest that raisins could be beneficial for people with diabetes or insulin resistance, as they provide a healthy source of energy while reducing the risk of spikes in blood sugar levels. This article was offered by Amin Esfahani, Joanne Lam, and Cyril W. C. Kendall.


In their Explore Series lecture, and car scientists Dr. Helen Warden and Dr. David Edwards discuss what can satellites tell us about the quality of the air we breathe? In this talk we're going to try and hit some of the topics that are of interest to people right now. The air around us is very smoky as a result of the fires, the burning on the west coast. Southpipes have this bird's-eye view of the atmosphere and give us this very large-scale perspective. We're also going to talk about how we do this, how we can sense from space the trace gases that make up pollution and why it affects our health so much. We'll also talk a little bit about the reduction in pollution that occurred during the COVID lockdown. We can measure pollution everywhere, so this really can help places maybe that don't have a lot of their own observations. We really want folks to understand the new satellites that we're working on right now will hopefully give us a really better understanding on predicting the air quality around us.