to be live. So I've been reporting on this coronavirus now for quite some time. I think I've been reporting on the coronavirus now since January 20th? About January 20th. Yeah, I would say about January 20th is when I started reporting on the coronavirus. And when I started reporting on the coronavirus, it was only in China and there was one death and there was 300 cases. Now the numbers are just ridiculous, like over 1.5 million cases. I don't even know what the death toll is. Do you guys know what the death toll is? I stop looking because it's just so mind-boggling, right?  Now the question is, is it getting better? Like, is it actually getting better? Is it getting worse? Because I was speaking to my mother in Portugal today. Thank you, man. I appreciate you guys, man. 94,000 dead. Wow. Thank you, Kim Kardashian. Thank you.  Huge fan. Fanboy, my fanboy. You smashed the like. Hey, man, thank you. I appreciate you, man. I appreciate you, man. This is a very crazy situation. It's not every day you have a pandemic, right? It's not every day you have a pandemic.  I have a lot of family that's older, elderly, and I'm praying for my family and for all your families, I'm praying for your families. The elderly people are the ones that are really exposed to this. I lost an aunt. I've lost another family member and I'm sure you know people that have probably already been lost to do the coronavirus. It's a terrible thing. And what's happening now is anyone who's older, whose immune system is compromised, is really at risk. So do everything you can, guys, to boost your immune system. Keep your immune system strong. Keep your distance from everybody else and wash your hands, okay? Make sure you do that. I mean, why wouldn't Kim be in here? People want stock picks, right? People want the best picks. People want information. People want to know about the coronavirus. So they're going to throw in some rich TV. We're live. We're interactive. We do it. We've been doing it for three years. Three years. I'm going to be live actually with our team trading in a couple of hours. So if you're with me, let's go. Let's go. It's our last trading day until Sunday. So, market's going to be closed until Sunday and then Sunday we'll start trading again. So we're going to go out on a bank tonight one more time. One more time. Vitamin C and zinc pills. I don't know much about zinc, but I heard zinc is very, very effective too. But I heard lemon slices and hot water. Hot water and lemon slices apparently will boost your immune system. And the stock market's been booming all week on talks that things are getting better, on talks that things are improving. Here in Vancouver, we were getting 100 people infected daily. That number now has gone down from 100 to 25. So could we possibly be getting better? Could this possibly be the worst of it right now? Is this the worst of it right now, guys? Are we going to get past this and is it going to get better? The rich man wants to get the poor man back to work. I'm not disagreeing with that. I think the world needs everyone to get back to work. We can't just collapse the economy and shut everything down. That's not good for the world. It's not good for anybody actually. So I don't know, it's a tough situation. We need to work and we need to be productive from home. We need to start working from home. We need to get on Zoom. We need to get on Skype. We need to get on our phones. We need to find ways to work from home, generate business from home, work from home. There should be a focus on working from home. And I think that we need to learn from this so that if this ever happens again, boom, we go back into this mode, we get back home, everybody goes back home and we stay inside. I mean, this is an exercise now that we've been able to accomplish. Why not do it again? WBIO is a coronavirus stock. Hey, thank you for sharing. What do I know about digital currency? Well, I get paid in Bitcoin. So I know a lot about it. And for me, my opinion is Bitcoin is the only coin you need when it comes to cryptocurrency. I'm not a big fan of all the other ICOs and all the other coins. I've really identified for me that the only coin that I want to accumulate is Bitcoin. So that's what I accumulate. I accumulate Bitcoin. There's a lot of experts out there and they say that Bitcoin is slow and it's old and this is that. People don't even know what Bitcoin is. How are you going to be able to get them excited about Ripple and Ethereum? They have no clue what Bitcoin is. You think they're going to know what Ethereum is in Ripple? No, they don't know. So start with Bitcoin. Make Bitcoin huge. Make it massive. Make it the epicenter and everything else will follow. That's my opinion about cryptocurrency and accumulate Bitcoin. That's my opinion. And the beautiful thing about our trading academy is we have the option to get paid in Bitcoin. I get paid in Bitcoin and I enjoy it and I wouldn't want it any other way. Mark says, my life hasn't changed a bit. I have rental property and I play the stock market for fun and toys. Hey, man, Mark, you're the kind of guy I needed my trading academy, man. Join me, bro. Let's just trade and make money, man. Let's just trade and make money. Hey, work at home, man. Work at home. This is 2020, man. This is the new world. If you haven't figured it out, working from home is the way to go in 2020. I think Bitcoin's amazing. I agree with you. Bitcoin is another transfer of wealth. I can transfer money to you whether you have a bank account or not. You have a phone. I can transfer you Bitcoin from my wallet on my phone to your wallet in your phone. You give me your address, I send it to you like an email and it's there for little to no cost and almost instantly it's there faster than wire transactions, faster than wire transfers. Now, if you want to talk about really fast cryptocurrencies, Ripple is one of the fastest cryptocurrencies, but it's more like a penny stock, whereas Bitcoin is like 7,000 US. It has a lot of value. It's a real tool to store value. So yeah, I'm a big fan of Bitcoin and I just, I'm a futuristic type of guy. I like to be a step ahead of everybody else. If people don't know what Bitcoin is, I want to know what Bitcoin is. People don't know Forex. I'm in Forex. People want to buy gold. I'm already buying gold. People want to learn about oil. Yeah, we're buying oil too. People want to know about trading. Yeah, I got an academy. People want to know about social media. Yeah, we're on YouTube and everywhere else. It's about being ahead of the game so that when situations like this occur, you're already ahead of the game. There's no need to change anything. I haven't had to change anything. So prepare for anything and everything. Always be prepared. We're living in a crazy world right now, man. I never imagined that we'd all be stuck in our houses. It gets weird. It's goofy. I went to the bank today and it's like, there's a lineup outside and everybody's six feet apart and it's like this huge lineup around the corner and everybody's outside and I'm just like, this is just weird. This is goofy. Half of the people have masks and I'm talking to the bankers and they know me pretty well and I'm wearing my rich TV live gear and stuff all the time, everywhere I go. High times, I'm a shareholder of high times and working on getting some shares. So I'm talking to them. I'm like, hey, I got some shares trying to deposit in my TD account and the lady's like, I just came back from vacation and two weeks ago everything was so normal and now it's all weird. I'm like, I know. I'm like, you're not wearing a mask. You should be wearing a mask too. So it's a crazy world, man.  Jason Garza says, it seems like the economy is getting shut down and the answer to borrow trillions to add to the debt. I mean, debt is just money that's being printed, right? So at the end of the day, they just print more. They're not going to stop printing. You love that there are no planes in the sky? You know what? At the end of the day, that's the only alternative. It's the only option is they have to print more and get more into debt to do a bailout for the people and this bailout is going to be massive, massive. It's going to be a massive bailout and the bailout is just getting started. This bailout is just getting started. So we have no idea how big it's going to get but there's all kinds of stipulations. There's all kinds of stipulations. Yo, Ossiah says, hi, Rich. People say oil go up. I've been saying oil go up. I've been saying oil go up. I think it was an amazing buy right now. Explore. Halal says, I want work home. Amen. If you want to work from home, join the Trading Academy. You can learn how to make money from home. Schwepp's Tonic Water has an ingredient in it that helps with COVID. Doctors are saying it. Anyone hear that? You know what? That's the first I've even heard of it. It's pretty interesting. How do you join my Trading Academy? Just email me, richtvlive, at gmail.com. Do I think we will have hyperinflation? I think that whatever the situation is, we're going to be able to address it. So whether we have hyperinflation or not, I think we're going to find a way to get through it because the government's really kind of coming out in a really big way right now. How do you think oil will go up with no demand?  And right now, oil is at the bottom. Historically, the lowest it's ever been. So it's trading in the lowest zone it's ever been. So you have to assume this is a buying opportunity.  You're hammering the gold. You're hammering the oil because gold is the safe haven. That's why gold keeps going up. I told you guys gold was going to go up and gold's going up. I told you guys oil is going to go up and oil will go up. You want to know why oil has to go up? Oil has to go up because in order for America to make money on oil and in order for Canada to make money on oil, we need the price at at least 60 bucks. If the price is not at least $60, nobody's making money. This is manipulation in the market. That's why the price is down. Flooding the market with cheap oil, forcing the prices down over supply for less demand. Well, they just cut 10 million barrels. They just announced today that they're cutting 10 million barrels a month. So that's going to have an effect on the price. I don't, I personally don't want to carry any gold. I just trade gold. I'm not interested in carrying a bunch of physical gold, but everybody has their preference. I'm just, I'm not interested in carrying around a bunch of gold. You know, it's not my style. What's up with Sona? What do you mean? What do you mean? What's up with Sona? What's up, man? How you doing, Jacques? What's up, chili? Hey, Garrick, how you doing, man? I'm great, man. How are you, man? I'm enjoying this beautiful sunny day. I heard in Toronto it's snowing. I'm like, what? I was like, what? David says, you should have sold Sona. Who should have sold Sona? Me? I sold Sona too soon. I made money on it, but I would have made way more. Jason Garza, the powers that be are trying to trade in another fiat currency. It's very possible. What's up, Don? Scott Nora says, it's heavy gold. Just get in the academy, Bitcoin oil. It's all there. You know, mad respect, Scott. And guys, Scott had a big day today. Scott, aren't you six for six today on your trades? Don't mess up the perfect record. Don't mess up the clean sheet. Retire six for six for the day. Chili says, I'm long on fang, 10,000 shares, deep. I have already quadrupled my money. Would you sell right now? Yep. Yep. Sure would. Cash is king, brother. You don't got four times your money until you sell. Take it. Take it. Thank the stock gods for your daily bread and go, my friend. Take it and go. Nothing wrong with making 400%. Jason says, gold is real wealth. It's true, but I don't want to carry any gold.  I'm not interested in carrying a bunch of gold. That just seems like a lot of work and I don't want to carry a bunch of gold. It's just, what are you going to do with that?  But I'll trade it.  Very happy about that. Still holding my oil position, waiting for oil to explode and I'm just chilling on that. I'm sitting on that on ice and I might even buy more. If oil continues to go down, I'll buy more. Hey, man, if you ask me, if you're up 400%, should I sell? I'm always going to say yes. I tell people to sell when you're 10% up. So when you're up 400%, you already know the answer to that. Rich, should I sell? Yes. You don't even hear what? Yes. But yes, sell. Just sell, man. And smash, guys. Just smash. Just smash. Smash it. Just smash it. There's the thumbs. You smash it. You smash the thumbs. You smash. Just hit the smash, man. Josiah says, gold ETF is being delisted April 22nd. No, it's not being delisted. It's doing a reverse. It's doing a reverse split. It's not being delisted. Jason Garza says, gold is the best hedge against the coming inflation. I agree. Can't go wrong with gold, guys. Hammer the gold, but buy the dips. Buy the dips. It was just at 1500. Now it's back to 1700. I can't even say it. It's crazy. Just spiking. What oil do I like? I like Suncor, SU, a lot. A lot. Like a lot. Like hammer Suncor. And I like oil, the oil ETF, which I own as well. Chili says, if you're not smashing, you're crashing. It's true. It's true. Josiah says, do you think is get split still okay to buy? I think anything that's gold is going to be fine regardless of a split. So yeah, I think it'll be fine because it's going to reduce the amount of shares, give them a tighter float. I think there's a very good chance it goes up after the split. Rich, are you in any pure palladium place? I'm not. Do you have any? I can trade palladium through the academy. I haven't though. Not yet. I'm learning to trade forex. I've been trading gold. I've been trading oil. I've been trading Bitcoin, but I'm really right now learning forex. And indexes, Dow 30, US 30, NASDAQ 100, UK 100 is that NASDAQ 1000. I think it's NASDAQ 1000, UK 100, German 30. I mean, there's a lot of different pairs that we trade at the academy. So it's pretty wild. It's pretty amazing. GU, if you're going to hear me call a GU, that's the pound versus the US dollar. So yeah, we trading the GU tonight. Love to have you guys join us, man. Get up in the academy. I mean, you're either going to join now or you're going to be joining later because everybody's going to join. It's just a matter of time. MSC says make the play free when you're up that much. Sell 80 to 90%, take profit, leave the rest, and whatever happens happens. You still got your profit, yo. Hey, not a bad idea. North American Palladium, P-A-L-D-F up 60%. Yo, that's a nice move, man. That's a nice move. That's a good move. Steven says, just wonder if we will see Lowe's again. Oh, we'll see Lowe's again. We haven't even had these companies report yet, guys. Yo, Rich, what do you think about Cresco? I want to get me some. I think that Cresco is a great company, but right now, cannabis is really dead, guys. So it needs to get revived. Is this the bottom? I think it's near the bottom, but I've been saying that for a long time and it's been dead and nothing's been triggering it. So it'd be nice to see cannabis do well again, that's for sure. But I think right now everyone needs to stay in cash. Stay in cash as much as possible. Cash is king, and the more cash you have, the better. Stay in cash. Cash is king. But with the coronavirus, is this getting better? Does anyone actually think it's getting better? Does anybody believe this is actually getting better? That's what I really want to know. Do you guys believe this is getting better? Do you think this is getting better? So if it's not getting better and none of these companies have reported financials yet, we must be anticipating that Q1, which is now done, and we're going to start seeing reports come out, Q2, Q3, are all going to be pretty horrific due to the coronavirus for a lot of businesses. So when we start seeing these reports come out, we're going to have to anticipate some really ugly revenues, some really ugly earnings. So get ready because I anticipate the numbers are not going to be very, very nice.  Gonna do eddies and watch Rich all weekend. Yo, mad respect, Dylan. Thank you, brother. I appreciate you, man. TC Dome Place says, worth shorting stocks on the drop? Yeah, absolutely. If the market crashes, you can short stocks and make a killing. You can also buy short ETFs like the SDAO, shorting the Dow Jones. You can buy the SQQQ, shorting the NASDAQ. You can buy multiple stocks that are also shorting the market. Car sales lady says it's not getting better. Yeah, I don't think it's getting better. They may have less cases, but I know that there's going to be a lot of debts and those debts are going to continue. And where I see there's going to be major losses is in all the businesses that are shut down right now. All the businesses that are being forced to shut down right now, I'm really concerned about how that affects the world, how that affects our economies, how that affects Canada, the United States. Our countries have been built on entrepreneurialism, and I know we have a massive entrepreneurial spirit. I believe we'll find a way through it, but it's not going to be easy. It's going to be really, really hard. Really, really hard to get through it. And it's going to be a lot of tough days and it's going to be a lot of a lot of people that are going to suffer. And I hope we can find a way to help those people the most. When's who going to report? All the companies are going to start reporting their Q1s now, as of now, over the next 90 days. And then you're going to see companies start reporting Q2 after the next two and a half months. So Q1 is done. So companies are starting to report Q1. And in the next 90 days, people will start reporting Q2. So the next 90 days are going to be really, really volatile for the stock market. Nobody really knows what to expect. A lot of really high net worth investors I talked about earlier this morning, Mark Cuban, billionaire, he hasn't bought anything in two weeks. So if Mark Cuban is not buying anything for the last two weeks, I didn't buy anything over the last two weeks. I'm just selling right now. So if none of the highest net worth guys are buying right now, then we know that the only people buying right now are really it's the stimulus that's moving this market. It's the stimulus that's moving this market. So and maybe momentum traders and day traders and speculators and some institutions that really want to take advantage of momentum and do some day trading. I think that there's a lot of money in the sidelines right now. Yeah, I'm looking at the SQQQ and I'm looking at the SDAO. I am. I'm looking at a few ETFs. I mean, the market could go higher. There's no doubt about it. I mean, there's a lot of money being put into the market. So the market could definitely go higher. I just think that when these companies start reporting 50% losses, Starbucks announced that they're going to be reporting 50% losses. How does that do like what does that do to your stock? 50% losses. That's big. 50% losses is big. So how like you're going to you're going to just keep pumping up the stock. What's Carnival Cruise Line is going to report? Massive losses. What is Delta Airlines going to report? Massive losses. What's Air Canada going to report? Massive losses. All the restaurant businesses, all the everyone that's in travel, they're completely done. Buffett sold 17% of Delta. Yeah, I'm not surprised. Why would he be holding onto it? You might as well sell it, let it go down, buy it back at a lower price. That's a smart way to do it, right? So yeah, I mean, getting cash, let it fall by the dip. Let it ride up again. I fully believe in this market. I just believe we have to get through this coronavirus and I believe it's going to create a buying opportunity for all of us if we can get it at the lowest price. All right, guys, I just wanted to know your opinion on this coronavirus. Is it getting better? I wanted to know what you guys thought.  We're almost up to 100,000 dead worldwide, so may they all rest in peace. Even my family's been affected now and I now know people that have had the coronavirus. So it's a crazy situation. So please, guys, stay safe. Wash your hands. Thank you, everybody, and thank you, God for the weather. Thank you. The beautiful weather. I heard that it is snowing in Toronto. So guys in Toronto, I don't know what's going on over there, but stay safe and we're living in a crazy time, guys. So do the right things and be positive. Help fellow mankind do positive things and take this time, this free time that we have, which is a gift, and use it. Use it to learn a new skill. Develop a skill better. Learn a new language. Exercise. Work on boosting your immune system. Building more relationships with your friends and family. Use that time, okay? We've been given this time. Use it. Maybe you needed to take a break. Maybe you needed some rest. Maybe you needed to sleep in. Take this time, okay, guys? Everything happens for a reason. One day you'll look back and say, you know what? I'm glad I did this when that happened. When the COVID-19 came and then went, I was doing this. I learned that. And who knows, maybe in the future, you're going to come out of this and say, you know what? I'm really happy that I learned how to trade during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. Never know. Turn that given to a positive. All right, guys. Is your boy rich or mischievous to be live? Stay safe, everybody. I appreciate you guys. Smash the like button. Comment down below. Share the video everywhere. Is your boy rich or mischievous to be live? And I'm out. Peace. I'll be trading with you guys later.


This study examined the effectiveness of n-acetylcysteine, NAC, as an antioxidant in reducing inflammatory markers in end-stage renal disease, ESRD, patients undergoing hemodialysis. The study found that NAC significantly decreased levels of hematocrit, ferritin, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein, HSCRP, indicating its potential use in treating inflammation in ESRD patients. Additionally, NAC did not reduce levels of calcium, which may be due to the short duration of the study. Overall, this study suggests that NAC could be used as an adjunctive therapy to treat inflammation in ESRD patients. This article was authored by Bauman-Bascherdascht, Roy Alley, Sosan-Mohammadi K-Bar, and others.


I am Mrs. Veena Sunil Patki, Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics Engineering, Vulturen Institute of Technology, Sallapur. Welcome you for this session. At the end of this session, students can derive the EMF equation of DC generator and describe the characteristics of DC generator. DC generator is the device which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, when we rotate the armature winding in magnetic field according to Faraday's law, EMF is induced in the armature winding. So, P is the number of poles of the machine, phi is the flux per pole in Weber, Z total number of armature conductors, N is the speed of armature in revolutions per minute, capital A is the number of parallel paths in armature winding. The flux cut by one conductor in one revolution is given by P into phi measured in Weber. According to Faraday's law, the average induced EMF in one conductor is given by d phi by d t, time taken to complete one revolution T equal to 60 by N. So, induced EMF E is given by P phi divided by 60 by N. The number of conductors connected in series in each parallel path is given as Z by A. For lap winding value of A is P that is equal to number of poles and for wave winding A equal to 2. The average induced EMF across each parallel path is given as P phi N by 60 into Z by A volts. So, generated induced EMF is given by EG equal to phi ZN by 60 into P by A volts, where the phi is the flux per pole and N is the speed and Z, 60, P, A all are the constant terms. So, generated induced EMF is proportional to phi and the speed. Now pause the video and find out the answer for this question. EMF generated by shunt generator is E, if pole flux remain constant and speed of generator is doubled then EMF generated will be E by 2 to E slightly less than E or E. So, what is the answer? Answer is 2E because the generated EMF is directly proportional to speed and here the speed of generator is doubled. So, the EMF is 2E, following are the most important characteristics of DC generator, no load saturation characteristics. These characteristics are also called as open circuit characteristics or magnetic characteristics. Second is the internal or total characteristics. And third is the external characteristics or that is also called as the performance characteristics. So, this is the circuit which is used to find out the characteristics. Ammeter is connected in series with the field winding to measure the field current and the voltmeter is connected across the armature. So, this is the graph for all types of generators this OCC is same.  These characteristics are also called as the magnetization characteristics. So, you can see in this graph OA that indicates the induced EMF in the armature if the field current is 0 that OA is due to residual magnetism in the field winding. After then if we increase the field current, the flux increases and the induced EMF is directly proportional to flux, so the no load induced EMF increases. So, here we will get the straight line and after then even though we increase the field current practically flux remain constant after saturation of the field coils then induced EMF remain constant. You can also see for N1, N2, N3 as we increase the speed that induced EMF also increases. For internal and external characteristics we are going to connect the load across the generator. So, AB indicates the no load voltage if we increase the load current that no load voltage remain constant AC indicates the internal characteristics that voltage drops due to demagnetizing effect of the armature reaction as we increase the IL and AD indicates the external characteristics that terminal voltage decreases due to ohmic voltage drop across the armature. For decision generator armature winding and field winding is connected in parallel, emitter and voltmeter are connected as shown in the figure, variable load is connected across armature to find out the internal and external characteristics. So, AB is the no load voltage that remain constant for any load for internal characteristics you can see that AC due to demagnetizing effect of armature reaction voltage decreases. So, here for external characteristics AD if we decrease the load resistance IL increases as the load current increases that terminal voltage starts decreasing. Now, if we decrease the load resistance beyond some limit that AD curve turns back and as shown in the figure by dotted line that indicates that as we increase the load current that terminal voltage drastically decreases due to armature reaction and due to ohmic voltage drop. So, here there is some limit to decrease in RL, so we cannot decrease the load resistance for this shunt generator. For series generator the field winding and armature winding is connected in series, load is connected across that as we decrease the load that IL increases as IL increases that field current also increases and if the field current increases the induced AMF also increases. So, here the graph indicates that OA is the induced AMF if the load current is 0 or if the field current is 0 due to residual magnetism OA is present and AB is the open circuit characteristics and due to armature reaction drop that induced AMF decreases and the graph between generated voltage and the load current is the internal characteristics is indicated by OC and again the terminal voltage decreases if we increase the load current, if we decrease the load resistance load current increases and at the starting that induced AMF is directly proportional to field current that is nothing but load current because IL equal to field current both are in series, but if we further increase in IL that decreases the terminal voltage for external characteristics OD you can see that by dotted line that if we increase IL that terminal voltage starts decreasing due to demagnetizing effect of the armature reaction. You can refer the books Electrical Engineering by B. L. Thareja, Principles of Electrical Machines by V. K. Mehta and Rohit Mehta, thank you.


We're celebrating our third annual safety expo. We wanted it to be not only about the Denver Police Department, but the metro-wide law enforcement. 25 outside agencies. We invited metro-wide. So it's more about the collaboration, the celebration of collaboration between law enforcement agencies and the community. This is an opportunity for the community to come out, talk with police and fire. They also, the community, come out and look at the equipment we have. We'll land the helicopter here today. We've put that on display, unfortunately, within this metro region on some of the larger scale events we've had. There's some that have been controlled, like the DNC and stuff that's scheduled. And then, unfortunately, there's the tragedies like what happened in Aurora two summers ago. But it shows that we have the ability to respond to something of that magnitude and handle it. It's really about opening up relationships with everybody of all ages. We have the Bicycle Village here today, so we've got young kids here riding the Bicycle Village all the way up to any age group that come look at the bomb unit. The horse patrol is here. We have show cars. It's great picture opportunities for kids. We allow them to crawl through this equipment. Are you ready to get in the helicopter? We're not selling anything. We're just providing the opportunity for the community to come here, talk with us and get to know us.


Ladies and gentlemen, Tom Fedders, really mine. Always enjoy coming to Dublin, other places in Ireland, and so does Barbara, my wife. And it's always inspiring to be together with thinkers and doers in this wonderful country. And as the color of this country is green, it relates, I think, particularly strongly to green economy, green growth. And that's what I'm essentially talking about. The bioeconomy is, in my understanding, a key concept to implement green growth and for sustainable development. As Jeffrey Sachs said in his speech at the Bioeconomy Summit, which we held in November last year in Berlin with 700 people. So we will not be able to get the sustainable development goals implemented without a strong focus on bioeconomy. And then he listed at least eight of the 17 SDGs, which he feels are, need to essentially take bioeconomy concepts and innovations into account. I will talk about these four points, the emerging bioeconomy, what's happening there, what's driving it, and what is it, what's driven there. This terminology of bioeconomy is really changing. The world was created in the 80s, 1980s, but it has changed its meaning conceptually. I will talk a bit about that. Then opportunities, challenges, there are real challenges, especially in relation to food security and nutrition security. We need to make sure that things don't get out of hand with the wrong type of bioeconomy. And I say upfront, bioeconomy per se is not good. So it's not bad per se. So I'm not pontificating bioeconomy as such. We need sustainable, knowledge-based, sound, long-term oriented bioeconomy. And that requires a few principles and heavy dose of science, I can say upfront. What is really bringing this to the forefront is that consumption of resources will increase further in 2015 about 9 billion people will consume more like 12 billion people by today's consumption standards. And the fundamental vision I've written down here of bioeconomy is to reconcile humanity with nature. Nothing less than that. There were articles in the media already a decade ago so nature is no more, it was a headline article in Time magazine or nature is gone. In the so-called anti-procene, so in the age, the Earth age where humankind impacts on many processes of nature, not only the landscape but also the atmosphere, the oceans and so on, we feel, I see a major role for a bioeconomy-based approach in order to bring humanity back in line with what this planet can use for the purpose. That's what I mean by reconciling humanity with nature. But I also mean business. We need to somehow biologize the whole economy so that sustainable processes can play a role. The building blocks of the bioeconomy's transformative agenda are these three. Sustainable development, the business opportunities and changing consumer behaviors. So the demand side is at least as important as the supply and production side to bioeconomy. Actually, many feel that unless we tighten our barriers, especially those nations which are high-income nations such as Ireland, Germany, et cetera, if we don't start with point number three, bioeconomy has no chance. But there is also innovation in changing consumer behavior. Resource efficiency, reuse, the shared economy approaches, health and value orientation in consumption, all the way into the pharmaceutical sector, so I mean the food economy. Business opportunities, that's where the challenges and opportunities of bioeconomy relate to new types of industrialization, bringing bio and information and communications technology together in the fourth industrial revolution, industry 4.0, the industrialization phase in which we have entered with a lot of not only automatization but autonomous industrial process. The car manufacturing hall where you hardly see any people, but where the computer guided machinery assembles the car or the 3D printing revolution which will enter the food and has already entered the food industry where you deliver food into the bedside of the retirement or your favorite food for your grandmother being there and she prints it out herself. So it's printing next to her out of protein mix. Actually the stuff tastes a lot better than maybe 20 years ago when we were tasting astronauts' food. And there are processes which cater to a bioeconomy which is also operating at a fairly small scale, not only a big industry scale, so miniaturization is part of the business opportunities, lots of startups and green economy. And of course fundamentally point one, good nutrition for people, mitigate climate change, maintain ecosystems functioning. As I said, quoting Jeff Sucks, that's what he was hammering home. So this is our definition of bioeconomy as production and utilization of biological resources, technologies and knowledge, the knowledge of how biosystems work, the knowledge at cell level but also at systems level to provide products, processes, services in all economic sectors within the framework of a sustainable economic system. I can tell you this definition is no use for presentation access. But behind it is at least two day long meetings of the Bioeconomy Council that's three years ago. And what is really new in our approach and that is spreading in many countries is the focus on knowledge. So what do we mean by knowledge here? Knowledge of biological systems includes also the technology of biomimicry, so copying nature, programming the search capabilities of the brain of the bee and mapping that into the search and fly and direction the capability of a drone is, in our opinion, the software of bioeconomy too. There's a group at Humboldt University in Berlin which does so. Some of us have a good sense of direction, how to get from here the bees flying around and have a great sense of direction. But it's a different type of brain functions which they have. So that's knowledge, that is biomimicry. This is copying from nature rather than simply looking at the product of honey and et cetera, which of course is also great from the bees. The emerging bioeconomy is not an economic sector, but a large cluster of interlinked value chains and value nets. I have listed here on the left-hand side for you to glance at things which relate to bio-based materials, technologies, biosystems, intelligence, which I just talked about, cutting across sectors, which makes it extremely difficult to count what is bioeconomy. We don't have these statistics. We have sector statistics. We have no value chain or value web statistics. So we are currently wrestling at European level, then our statistical offices to redesign the data systems because if you're counting, it doesn't count. Here are some products of bioeconomy innovations from the consumer end. And up there on the left is a flower-based car tire, which runs high speed. So this is competing with a traditional rubber industry, which as you know is extremely damaging to tropical forests. So making bioeconomy better. If you plant a hectare of with rubber trees and replace it with a hectare of oil palms, you do something very good for nature because rubber trees are much worse than oil palms. But of course, if you take a hectare of tropical forest away and plant it with a hectare of oil palms, you do something very bad for nature. So when I say we need to reconcile humankind with nature, we need to go step by step and also do marginal improvements. That little yellow plant grows like a weed everywhere around German fields and I'm afraid it was in Ireland. Lurk and sun, I don't know the English name, right? Dandelion. OK. Well, you get your rubber tire out with. Thank you. Enzymes lowering effective washing temperatures. The whole enzyme industry is a cornerstone of biotech. Bioplastics, Coca-Cola and Pepsi are now very eager to get bioplastic bubbles. That Coca-Cola is testing them already. Not only because they have more peer-to-consumer preferences, but also they keep the bubbles better. So make a better biobased product rather than just do substitution. Implants made from spider fibers, for instance, needle implants, biobased building materials, new sugar substitutes, biopharmaceuticals based on proteins, and biofuels should be also on this one. I come back to some production processes later on, but started with consumer products, which have already bio components in them and were specially designed because that has created a lot of excitement in consumer affairs, which we had recently exhibited in these things from our council. The bioeconomy is driven by these three things, resource conditions, consumer preferences, and science and technology. The resource conditions do not only mean a higher or lower oil price, but all the externalities, the climate effects of land use and the lack of a circular economy around resources. Figuratively speaking, the planetary boundaries, those are driving, secondly, the consumer preferences. And science and technology and biotech really drive the bioeconomy also to a large extent. This started 10 years ago with an initiative by the European Commission, a meeting with Cologne, the so-called Cologne paper, 10 years ago, had a focus on a substitution strategy. Substitution of fossil fuels gets the oil out and gets the biomass in. That strategy has become much less significant in the bioeconomy strategies today. It's no longer enjoyable. It is resource protection and innovation. So if bioeconomy can be competitive, produce a better product. And more sustainable, that is what keeps driving the bioeconomy strategies in many countries. So moving from an innovation to an innovation-oriented strategy away from a really substitution strategy, let me come to some opportunities and focus on what we call our onion model of innovation and green growth through bioeconomy. In the center here, you have biomass production, which also has quite a lot of innovation investments by now, agriculture, forestry, and marine. In the second field, there is food and feed and energy. In the processing, in the third circle, you have the processing of biomass for further transformable foods, et cetera. The bio-based products in the outer wings and the biological intelligence examples, IT design, pharma, bio-next in the outer wing. The further you come from the inner circle to the outer surface, the higher the IP protection. The more science investment is in there. There's also quite a bit at the center. This is not simply growing corn and making ethanol out of it. But it's the outer surface of bioeconomy is a science-driven intellectual property protected business. And that raises certain issues for global sharing and partnership with developing countries. Here are a few examples of sustainable innovations out of industrial processes. So bio refineries, bio-based chemical processes, energy use of waste, precision farming, agriculture, water treatments, new biological filter systems, phosphate recovery from waste water. And so far, not very successful CO2 recovery work as industrial feedstock. But the two pilot plans for that to make get CO2 back out of atmosphere, one at Bayard, one at BSF, I think the US also have a few. People are working on it, but not yet so successfully. The project example I would like to add is related to wood. It's a luncheon before we talk a bit about wood and forest. It's really a revolution of wood manufacturing that's happening, which transforms wood into a new type of product for construction purposes. So biomass to chemical in the second phase changes the wood residues utilization. Then the ligno sandwich technology, which permits you now to build six-story wood-based houses because it's as strong as concrete and steel construction. And what's left over is then a basis for biogas. So don't burn your wood. We in Germany currently burn one third of our wood for energy. That's nonsense. Burn what's left over after you have used one, two, three first for what's more high-value manufacturing uses, and then burn the left over. So that's a strategy of wood utilization in our country. Last example, one of the biggest problems for the environment is the pipe and paper industry. And this is, of course, mostly wood products used for that. There are some really dramatic and wonderful purposes of recycling rates, getting the black water away from the rivers and so on. Let me come briefly to some challenges. Challenges relate to the change of the world food equation. The world food equation is the supply and demand side, where on the supply side, productivity and technology are enhancing supply, where climate change has become and is becoming, even more so, a major threat. And where food innovations in processing change the whole market picture. On the demand side, eating habits, waste, biomass uses are key and traded markets. The financial markets have taken a keen interest in what's traded there as commodities. So we have a new competition for biomass. The complementarities and value chains need to be enhanced. And we need to include small farmers of the world into the bioeconomy, because after oil farming is a backbone of the bioeconomy. At a major conference, which we had in November in Berlin, we had tremendous interest from Asian countries with lots of small farmers. So bioeconomy and agriculture is not only big farm, big business. So that is where, however, we still have challenges without collective action. You cannot include small farmers into a model of value chains and value webs. The major problem is that biomass is on the globe not equally distributed. This is a world map of the trend of biomass in the last decade. And where it is reddish, biomass has been decreasing. And where it's greenish, it has been increasing. But you all know that the bio of world biomass is around the equators. The biomass powerhouses are low- and middle-income countries, besides countries like maybe Sweden and Ireland. But the US certainly is not a strong basis for biomass, although it shows a bit more increase. So if we go for a bio-based economy, we will have some global distribution issues to deal with. And I think the main idea should be not a new raw material biomass trade from south to north, but a lot of sharing of technology with low-income countries and so that biomass can be efficiently manufactured into higher-value products where it grows, rather than shipped around the world as wood pallets or what have you. The other challenge I have already touched upon and Tom, I'm glad to hear that you're very much focused on climate-smart agriculture. If you look at the world map of food insecurity and the world map of how agriculture is impacted by climate change, it's a map from an article which I did with Tim Wheeler in Science a few years ago. Actually, we were sitting in Dublin when we said we should write this article. Two words that come to my mind, Robinsman is doing a great job of doing it. A year later it was published, I'll recall how he did it. Actually, the last sentence of that article is, climate-smart agriculture, forgive me for saying that is not good enough. It needs to be a climate-smart food system. And that's something different from just agriculture, broader than agriculture. The opportunity for soil, as the printer, carbon storage is tremendous. That's also bioeconomy. You need to watch land and soil degradation. You need to reduce it. And this is a map from a recent publication of my colleagues and mine. You can click it on its field of charge. It came out in spring, I published it a month ago on the economics of land degradation. If we don't protect our soils, the bioeconomy is working on thin ice. And we need to fully embrace the economics of land degradation in the bioeconomy strategy from the resources to the final consumer products, for negative and positive externalities and to be included. As you see, there is very little green on this world map of the land and soil degradation. That is 8 by 8 kilometer pixel, half a million pixel, a new way of estimating through satellite imagery. The land degradation is behind it in some reasonably smart models. Land and soil degradation is not only a matter of the poor world. It's not only a problem of poor Africa. Actually, the Sahel has been catching up. It's greenish. There have been lots of investments. And anyway, it costs about 300 billion per year of losses of this land degradation. It's because of bad management of resources. But we do have competing goals in the bioeconomy between food, energy, and feedstock materials. And we need to have a considered, clear strategy to protect and enhance food security in the context of the emerging bioeconomy. And that strategy includes seven components, from education, from zero-waste initiatives to market-oriented biofuel pricing. It needs to be not only caps on quota, but when resource prices go up and food prices explode I think in 2008 and 2011. There must be a mechanism to stop rather than to continue subsidizing. It needs to be decentralized energy systems and income opportunities for small producers in the bioeconomy, so incentives for small farmers. That type of strategy is currently under debate in a lot of emerging economies and developing countries. Let me close by a few remarks on the way forward. The countries which are flagged here have written over the last five, seven years or so a Bioeconomy Policy Strategy, or Bioeconomy Science Strategy. It's about 45 countries or so, including more low and middle-income countries. The strategies are quite different, but something has happened there in the field of bioeconomy or bio-based economy, not only in the powerhouses of bioeconomy like Brazil or Malaysia, which for obvious reasons got into it and then changed their strategies, but also in many other countries, such as South Africa and Ethiopia. We felt it was time to bring these folks together in a meeting under the auspices of the German Chancellor Angela Merkel. We invited to a Bioeconomy Summit in November last year in Berlin. It came about 700 people from 18 countries. And we had, I think, not only a good debate, but also some outcome. We formed an international advisory body at a global level, so we have now a global entity which wants to drive the global public goods aspects of bioeconomy forward, because doing bioeconomy strategies country by country is not good enough. We need to put the capabilities together for trans-border cooperation, especially in science. Many of these countries have science strategies, some have policy strategies, some have goals. Some are government led, others have a heavy dose of the private sector or goals. Dedicated government strategies, which are headed, say, by the White House or the German Chancellor, we or Japan by the Prime Minister are the exception. But I think more and more they will come out of the agriculture or science or industry, ministry niche and become more realistic strategies. We need to focus science and technology policy, and I don't want to walk you through all of this. These are domains of science policy priorities, which we have put to a global panel of experts in the context of a Delphi study, where you do several rounds of questions, and the questions where do you see the priorities for bioeconomy, science and technology investments in the future, especially at transnational and global level? And this is what they came back with, and we presented and debated that at the Bioeconomy Summit. These are the key areas of science initiatives which we feel should be taken on not country by country, but where we need alliances of cooperation, be it under the UN or G20 or whatever. Bio-principled cities, new food systems, sustainable marine production, artificial photosynthesis, bio refineries 4.0, so a new generation, and citizen and consumer engagement for and science-based engagement for and with bioeconomy. Actually, the priority setting was roughly equal between the same priorities, ranging from the basic science stuff on photosynthesis, which people expected only to materialize maybe in the decade of 2040 and beyond, whereas the others, in fact, are more readily implemented, implementable, and will show benefits much sooner. Well, colleagues, the concluding statement of the Bioeconomy Summit was a common key, which I suggest you may like to critically review. I would hope that Ireland continues to play an active role in this field. I think an environmentally conscious population, a strong natural resource base, a commitment to find hunger and violent oppression are all key ingredients to be successful in a bioeconomy strategy that matters to people. Thank you for your attention.


Salams, you're watching the International Daily Roundup by People's Dispatch, where we bring you some of the top stories from around the world. Let's first take a look at today's headlines. The United States to send fighter jets to the UAE while the Yemen war rages. Amnesty International says Israel is committing the crime of a pathide. Another NDF peace consultant killed in the Philippines. And Peru sees a second cabinet reshuffle under Castillo. The United States has announced that it is sending fighter jets to the United Arab Emirates. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin spoke to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Zayed on February 1. The US will dispatch its guided missile destroyer, the USS Cole, and fifth-generation fighter aircraft. The call followed a day after the UAE stated that it had intercepted a missile launched by the Houthis. This was the third such attack by the group in two weeks. The US-backed UAE and Saudi-led coalition retaliated with a days-long campaign of airstrikes. The worst of these was the bombing of a prison in Sadah in northern Yemen. At least 91 people were killed and over 200 left injured. The laser-guided bomb used in the attack was manufactured by US weapons giant Raytheon. The Biden administration is now sending arms a year after declaring an end to support for military operations in Yemen. This included the sale of offensive weapons. However, the US approved a $500 million military contract with Saudi Arabia in October last year. That contract includes a fleet of Apache attack helicopters, Blackhawks, and Chinooks. Experts have also said that the Apaches have mostly been deployed along the Yemen border. The UAE has intensified its role in the Saudi-led military offensive as the Houthis make advances towards Marib. Now in its eighth year, the war and accompanying blockades have killed over 400,000 people. Right's group Amnesty International has stated that Israel's system of oppression and domination of Palestinians amounts to apartheid. The organization released a landmark 280-page report on 1 February. The text follows decades of Palestinian documentation and reports by groups including Human Rights Watch. Amnesty notes that successive governments in 1948 have created laws and practices that oppress and dominate Palestinians. The report identifies four main strategies used by Israel. The first is fragmentation into domains of control. After the ethnic cleansing during the Nakba, Israeli policies have segregated and confined Palestinians to enclaves. Here they are subjected to different legal and administrative regimes from the rest of Israel. These practices have helped maximize control over land and maintain a Jewish demographic majority. The report says that Israel has also enforced massive and cruel land seizures to dispossess Palestinians. Millions of Palestinian refugees remain displaced and isolated through Israel's denial of their right to return. Palestinian citizens in Israel are also denied rights to equal nationality and status. Restrictions have been placed on freedom of movement and rights to family unification in the occupied territories. Amnesty further notes the discrimination in resource allocation in favor of Jewish Israeli citizens and Israeli settlers. It also recognizes the blockade on Gaza as a form of collective punishment. Amnesty notes that Israel maintains its apartheid system through forcible transfers, unlawful killings and other policies. While the report is an important step, Palestinians have argued for the necessity of analyzing the context of settler colonialism as well. Rights groups in the Philippines are demanding an investigation into the killing of Pedro Codaste. The 72-year-old was a peace consultant of the NDF, the National Democratic Front. The front is a political arm of the banned Communist Party of the Philippines. On the 21st of January, an armed forces infantry battalion stated that Codaste had been killed in an encounter. This was allegedly during clashes between the CPP's New People's Army and the 16th Infantry Battalion in Bukidnon. However, the CPP has asserted that no such incident took place in the area on that day. Citing reports from the local New People's Army unit, it has suggested that Codaste was abducted on January 19th. He might have been summarily executed between then and January 25th. His companion, identified as Kar-Globe or Sandro, is recovering from injuries. Rights group Karapatan has also disputed the military's claims of a gunfight by pointing to Codaste's age and the fact that he was ill. It is called for an investigation by the Commission on Human Rights. Karapatan has stated that the Philippines government must adhere to peace agreements reached with the NDF. President Rodrigo Duterte unilaterally withdrew from the peace talks with the CPP in 2017. Since then, NDF peace consultants have been targets of red-tagging, arrests and even killings. And our final story is from Peru, which has witnessed a second cabinet reshuffle in just six months. President Pedro Castillo sworn in 10 new ministers on the 1st of Feb. The changes were triggered by the resignation of Prime Minister Mitha Vasquez on 31st of January. She was sworn in in October after right-wing pressures led to a cabinet reshuffle. She cited a lack of consensus with Castillo over the leadership of the Interior Ministry. Leadership of the Ministry has been vacant since January 28th after the resignation of Avelino Guilin. He left his post after not receiving support from the President in a conflict with the police leadership. Vasquez had supported Guilin's reinstatement and opposed Castillo's choice for Interior Minister. Meanwhile, Finance Minister Pedro Frank and the Secretary General of the Presidency also recently resigned. The new cabinet will be headed by Congressman Hector Velar. He belongs to a new parliamentary bench with legislators from the centre and the left. Right-wing forces that control the Congress have intensified their attacks against the Castillo government. They have also declared that they will reject the vote of confidence on the new cabinet. That's all we have on today's episode of the International Daily Roundup. For more on these stories visit our website peopledispatch.org and do give us a follow on all the regular social media platforms for updates on all the work we do. Thank you for watching. Goodbye.


Section 7 of Under the Sunset by Bram Stoker. This LibriVox recording is in the public domain. The Castle of the King When they told the poor poet that the one he loved best was lying sick in the shadow of danger, he was nigh distraught. For weeks past he had been alone. She, his wife, having gone afar to her old home to see an aged grandsire ere he died. The poet's heart had for some days been oppressed with a strange sorrow. He did not know the cause of it. He only knew with the deep sympathy which is the poet's gift, that the one he loved was sick. Anxiously had he awaited tidings. When the news came, the shock, although he expected a sad message, was too much for him, and he became nigh distraught. In his sadness and anxiety he went out into the garden, which long years he had cultured for her. There amongst the bright flowers where the old statue stood softly white against the hedges of you. He lay down in the long uncut summer grass and wept with his head very low. He thought of all the past, of how he had won his wife and how they loved each other. And to him it seemed a sad and cruel thing that she was afar and in danger, and he not near to comfort her or even to share her pain. Many, many thoughts came back to him, telling the story of the weary years whose gloom and solitude he had forgotten in the brightness of his lovely home. How in youth a twain had met and in a moment loved. How his poverty and her greatness had kept them apart. How he had struggled and toiled in the steep and rugged road to fame and fortune.  How amid all this dreaming of a happy time which might come, he had kept silent as to his love. How he had never seen her or heard her voice, or even know her habitation, lest knowing he should fail in the purpose of his life. How time, as it ever does to those who work with honesty and singleness of purpose, crown the labours and the patience of his life. How the world had come to know his name and reverence, and love it as of one who had helped the weak and weary by his example. Who had purified the thoughts of all who listened to his words, and who had swept away baseness before the grandeur and simpleness of his noble thoughts. How success had followed in the wake of fame. How at length, even to his heart, timorous with the doubt of love, had been born the thought that he had at last achieved the greatness which justified him in seeking the hand of her he loved. How he had come back to his native place, and there found her still free. How when he had dared to tell her of his love, she had whispered to him that she too had waited all the years, for that she knew that he would come to claim her at the end. How she had come with him as his bride into the home which he had been making for her all these years. How there they had lived happily, and had dared to look into the long years to come for joy and content without a bar. How he thought that even then, when though somewhat enfeebled in strength by the ceaseless toil of years and the care of hoping, he might look to the happy time to come. But alas for hope, for who knoweth what a day may bring forth. Only a little while ago his dear one had left him hail, departing in the cause of duty, and now she lay sick and he not nigh to help her. All the sunshine of his life seemed passing away, all the long years of waiting and the patient continuance in well-doing, which had crowned their years with love, seemed as but a passing dream, and was all in vain, all, all in vain. Now with the shadow hovering over his beloved one, the cloud seemed to be above and around them, and to hold in its dim recesses the doom of them both. Why, oh why, asked the poor poet to the viewless air, did love come to us? Why came peace and joy and happiness if the darkening wings of peril shadow the air around her, and leave me to weep alone? Thus he moaned and raved and wept, and the bitter hours went by him in his solitude. As he lay in the garden with his face buried in the long grass, they came to him and told him with weeping that tidings, sad indeed, had come. As they spoke he lifted his poor head and gazed at them, and they saw in the great dark tender eyes that now he was quite distraught. He smiled at them sadly, as though not quite understanding the import of their words. As tenderly as they could, they tried to tell him that the one he loved best was dead. They said, she has walked in the valley of the shadow, but he seemed to understand them not. They whispered, she has heard the music of the spheres, but still he comprehended not. Then they spoke to him sorrowfully and said, she now abides in the castle of the king. He looked at them eagerly as if to ask, what castle, what king? They bowed their heads and as they turned away weeping, they murmured to him softly, the castle of the king of death. He spake no word, so they turned their weeping faces to him again. They found that he had risen and stood with a set purpose on his face. Then he said sweetly, I go to find her, that where she abide her, I too may there abide. They said to him, you cannot go, beyond the portal she is and in the land of death. Set purpose, Sean, in the poet's earnest loving eyes, as he answered them for the last time. Where she has gone, there go I too, through the valley of the shadow shall I went my way. In these ears also shall ring the music of the spheres. I shall seek and I shall find my beloved in the halls of the castle of the king. I shall clasp her close, even before the dread face of the king of death. As they heard these words they bowed their heads again and wept and said, alas, alas. The poet turned and left them and passed away. They feign would have followed, but he motioned them that they should not stir, so alone in his grief he went. As he passed on he turned and waved his hand to them in farewell. Then for a while with uplifted hand he stood and turned him slowly all around. Suddenly his outstretched hand stopped and pointed. His friends looking with him saw where, away beyond the portal, the idle wilderness spread. There in the midst of desolation the mist from the marshes hung like a pool of gloom on the far off horizon. As the poet pointed there was a gleam of happiness, very, very faint it was, in his poor, sad eyes. Distraught with loss as if afar he beheld some sign or hope of the lost one. Swiftly and sadly the poet fared on through the burning day. The rest time came, but on he journeyed. He paused not for shade or rest. Never, even for an instant did he stop to cool his parched lips with an icy draught from the crystal springs. The weary wayfarers resting in the cool shadows beside the fountains raised their tired heads and looked at him with sleepy eyes as he hurried. He heeded them not, but went ever onward with set purpose in his eyes, as though some gleam of hope bursting through the mists of the distant marshes urged him on. So he fared on through all the burning day and all the silent night. In the earliest dawn when the promise of the still unrisened sun quickened the eastern sky into a pale light he drew an eye the portal. The horizon stood out blackly in the cold morning light. There as ever stood the angels who kept watch and ward an oh wondrous although invisible to human eyes they were seen of him. As he drew an eye they gazed at him pitchingly and swept their great wings out wide as if to shelter him. He spake and from his troubled heart the sad words came sweetly through the pale lips. Say ye who guard the land, has my beloved one passed hither on the journey to the valley of the shadow to hear the music of the spheres and to abide in the castle of the king. The angels at the portal bowed their heads in token of assent and they turned and looked outward from the land to where far off in the idle wilderness the dank mists crept from the lifeless bosom of the marsh. They knew well that the poor lonely poet was in quest of his beloved one so they hindered him not neither urged they him to stay they pitted him much for that much he loved they parted wide that through the portal he might pass without let so the poet went onwards into the idle desert to look for his beloved one in the castle of the king for a time he went through gardens whose beauty was riper than the gardens of the land the sweetness of all things stole on the senses like the odours from the aisles of the blessed the subtlety of the king of death who rules in the realms of evil is great he has ordered that the way beyond the portal be made full of charm thus those straying from the paths ordained for good see around them such beauty that in its joy the gloom and cruelty and guilt of the desert are forgotten but as the poet passed onwards the beauty began to fade away the fair gardens looked as gardens do when the hand of care is taken off and when the weeds in their hideous luxuriant choke as they spring up the choice of life of the flowers from cool alleys under spreading branches and from crisp sword which touched as soft as velvet the wanderers aching feet the way became a rugged stony path full open to the burning glare the flowers began to lose their odor and to dwarf to stunted growth tall hemlocks rose on every side infecting the air with their noisome odor great fungi grew in the dark hollows where the pools of dank water lay tall trees with branches like skeletons rose trees which had no leaves and under whose shadow to pause were to die then huge rocks barred the way these were only passed by narrow winding passages overhung by the ponderous cliffs above which ever threatened to fall and engulf the sojourner here the night began to fall and the dim mist rising from the far off marshes took weird shapes of gloom in the distant fastnesses of the mountains the wild beasts began to roar in their cavern lairs the air became hideous with the fell sounds of the night season but the poor poet he did not ill sights or sounds of dread onward he went ever i'm thinking of the terrors of the night to him there was no dread of darkness no fear of death no consciousness of horror he sought his beloved one in the castle of the king and in that eager quest all natural terrors were forgot so fared he onward through the live long night up the steep defiles he trod through the shadows of the huge rocks he passed unscathed the wild animals came around him roaring fiercely their great eyes flaming like fiery stars through the blackness of the night from the high rocks great pythons crawled and hung to seize their prey from the crevices of the mountain steeps and from cavernous rifts in the rocky way poisonous serpents glided and rose to strike but close though the noxious things came they all refrained to attack for they knew that the lonely sojourner was bound for the castle of their king onward still onward he went unceasing pausing not in his course but pressing ever forward in his quest when daylight broke at last the sun rose on a sorry sight there toiling on the rocky way the poor lonely poet went ever onwards unheeding of cold or hunger or pain his feet were bare and his footsteps on the rock strewn way were marked by blood around and behind him and a far off keeping equal pace on the summits of the rocky ridges came the wild beasts that looked on him as their prey but that refrained from touching him because he sought the castle of their king in the air wheeled the obscene birds who follow ever on the track of the dying and the lost hovered the bare-necked vultures with eager eyes and hungry beaks their great wings flapped lazily in the idle air as they followed in the wanderers track the vulture are a patient folk and they await the falling of their prey from the cavernous recesses in the black mountain gorge's crept with silent speed the serpents that their lurk came the python with his colossal folds and endless coils went looked forth cunningly the small flat head came the boa and all his tribe which sees their prey by force and crush it with the dread strictness of their embrace came the hooded snakes and all those which with their venom destroy their prey here too came those serpents most terrible of all to their quarry which fascinate with eyes of weird magic and by the slow gracefulness of their approach here came or lay in wait subtle snakes which take the color of herb or leaf or dead branch or slimy pool amongst which they lurk and so strike their prey unsuspecting great serpents there were nimble of body which hang from rock or branch these gripping tight to their distant hold strike downward with the rapidity of light as they hurl their whip like bodies from afar upon their prey thus came forth all these noxious things to meet the questing man and to assail him but when they knew he was bound for the dread castle of their king and saw how he went onward without fear they abstained from attack the deadly python and the boa towering aloft with colossal folds were passive and for the nonce became a stone the hooded serpents drew in again their venomous fangs the mild deep earnest eyes of the fascinating snake became lurid with baffled spleen as he felt his power to charm was without avail in its deadly descent the hanging snake arrested its course and hung a limp line from rock or branch many followed the wanderer onwards into the desert wilds waiting and hoping for a chance to destroy many other perils also were there for the poor wanderer in the desert idleness as he went onward the rocky way got steeper and darker lurid frogs and deadly chill mists arose then in this path along the trackless wilderness were strange and terrible things mandrakes half plant half man shrieked at him with despairing cry as helpless for evil they stretched out their ghastly arms in vain giant thorns arose in the path they pierced his suffering feet and tore his flesh as onward he trod he felt the pain but he heeded it not in all the long terrible journey he had but one idea other than his eager search for his beloved one he thought that the children of men might learn much from the journey towards the castle of the king which began so fair amidst the odorous gardens and under the cool shadow of the spreading trees in his heart the poet spake to the multitude of the children of men and from his lips the words flowed like music for he sang of the golden gate which the angels call truth pass not the portal of the sunset land pause where the angels at their vigil stand be warned and press not though the gates lie wide but rest securely on the hither side though odorous gardens and cool ways invite beyond our darkest valleys of the night rest rest contented pause whilst undefiled nor seek the horrors of the desert wild thus treading down all obstacles with his bleeding feet passed ever onwards the poor distraught poet to seek his beloved one in the castle of the king even as onward he went the life that is of the animal seemed to die away behind him the jackals and the more cowardly savage animals slunk away the lions and tigers and bears and wolves and all the braver of the fierce beasts of prey which followed on his track even after the others had stopped now began to halt in their career they growled low and then roared loudly with uplifted heads the bristles of their mouths quivered with passion and the great white teeth champed angrily together in baffled rage they went on a little further and stopped again roaring and growling as before then one by one they ceased and the poor poet went on alone in the air the vultures wheeled and screamed pausing and halting in their flight as did the savage beasts these two ceased at length to follow in air the wanderer in his onward course longest of all kept up the snakes with many a writhe and stealthy onward glide they followed hard upon the footsteps of the questing man in the blood marks of his feet upon the flinty rocks they found a joy and hope and they followed ever but time came when the awful aspect of the places where the poet passed checked even the serpents in their track the gloomy defiles whence issue the poisonous winds that sweep with desolation even the dens of the beasts of prey the sterile fastnesses which march upon the valleys of desolation here even the stealthy serpents paused in their course and they too fell away they glided back smiling with deadliest rancor to their obscene clefts then came places where plants and verger began to cease the very weeds became more and more stunted and inane farther on they declined into the sterility of lifeless rock then the most noxious herbs that grew in ghastly shapes of gloom and terror lost even the power to harm which outlives their living growth dwarfed and stunted even of evil they were compact of the dead rock here even the deadly upus tree could strike no root into the pestiferous earth then came places where in the entrance to the valley of the shadow even solid things lost their substance and melted in the dank and cold mists which swept along as he passed the distraught poet could feel not solid earth under his bleeding feet on shadows he walked and amid them onward through the valley of the shadow to seek his beloved one in the castle of the king the valley of the shadow seemed of endless expanse circled by the teeming mist no eye could pierce to where rose the great mountain between which the valley lay yet they stood there mount despair on the one hand and the hill of fear upon the other hitherto the poor bewildered brain of the poet had taken no note of all the dangers and horrors and pains which surrounded him save only for the lesson which they taught but now lost as he was in the shrouding vapor of the valley of the shadow he could not but think of the terrors of the way he was surrounded by grizzly phantoms that ever and on arose silent in the mist and were lost again before he could catch to the full of their dreading port then there flashed across his soul a terrible thought could it be possible that hither his beloved one had traveled had they come to her the pains which shook his own form with agony was it indeed necessary that she should have been appalled by all these surrounding horrors at the thought of her his beloved one suffering such pain and dread he gave forth one bitter cry that rang through the solitude that cleft the vapor of the valley and echoed in the caverns of the mountains of despair and fear the wild cry prolonged with the agony of the poet's soul rang through the valley till the shadows that peopled it woke for the moment into life in death they flitted dimly along now melting away and non springing again into life till all the valley of the shadow was for once peopled with quickened ghosts oh in that hour there was agony to the poor distraught poet soul but presently there came a calm when the rush of his first agony passed the poet knew that to the dead came not the horrors of the journey that he undertook to the quick alone is the horror of the passage to the castle of the king with the thought came to him such peace that even there in the dark valley of the shadow stole soft music that sounded in the desert gloom like the music of the spheres then the poor poet remembered what they had told him that his beloved one had walked through the valley of the shadow that she had known the music of the spheres and that she abode in the castle of the king so he thought that as he was now in the valley of the shadow and as he heard the music of the spheres that soon he should see the castle of the king where his beloved one abode thus he went on in hope but alas that very hope was a new pain that aired this he what not of hitherto he had gone on blindly wrecking not of where he went to what came an eye him so long as he pressed onward on his quest but now the darkness and the perils of the way had new terrors for he thought of how they might arrest his course such thoughts made the way long indeed for the moment seemed an age with hoping eagerly he sought for the end to come when beyond the valley of the shadow through which he fared he should see rising the turrets of the castle of the king despair seemed to grow upon him and as it grew they rang out ever louder the music of the spheres onward ever onward hurried in mad haste the poor distraught poet the dim shadows that people the mist shrank back as he passed extending towards him warning hands with long gloomy fingers of deadly cold in the bitter silence of the moment they seem to say go back go back louder and louder rang now the music of the spheres faster and faster in mad feverish haste rushed the poet amid the shrinking shadows of the gloomy valley the peopling shadows as they faded away before him seemed to wail in sorrowful warning go back go back still in his ears rang ever the swelling tumult of the music faster and faster he rushed onward till at last weary nature gave way and he fell prone to earth senseless bleeding and alone after a time how long he could not even guess he awoke from his spoon for a while he could not think where he was and his scattered senses could not help him all was gloom and cold and sadness a solitude reigned around him more deadly than oughty had ever dreamt of no breeze was in the air no movement of a passing cloud no voice or stir of living thing in earth or water or air no rustle of leaf or sway of branch all was silent dead and deserted amid the eternal hills of gloom around lay the valley devoid of all that lived or grew the sweeping mists with their multitude of peopling shadows had gone by the fearsome terrors of the desert even were not there the poet as he gazed around him in his utter loneliness longed for the sweep of the storm of the roar of the avalanche to break the dread horror of the silent gloom then the poet knew that through the valley of the shadow had he come that scared and maddened though he had been he had heard the music of the spheres he thought that now hard by the desolate kingdom of death he trod he gazed all around him fearing lest he should see anywhere the dread castle of the king where his beloved one abode and he groaned as the fear of his heart found voice not here oh not here amid this awful solitude then amid the silence around upon distant hills his words echoed not here oh not here till with the echoing and re-echoing rock idle wilderness was peopled with voices suddenly the echo voices ceased from the lurid sky broke the terrible sound of the thunder peel along the distant skies it rolled far away over the endless ring of the gray horizon it swept going and returning peeling swelling dying away it traversed the ether muttering now in ominous sound as a threats and anon crashing with the voice of dread command in its roar came a sound as of a word onward to his knees the poet sank and welcomed with tears of joy the sound of the thunder it swept away as a power from above the silent desolation of the wilderness it told him that in and above the valley of the shadow rolled the mighty tones of heaven's command then the poet rose to his feet and with new heart went onwards into the wilderness as he went the roll of the thunder died away and again the silence of desolation reigned alone so time wore on but never came rest to the weary feet onwards still onwards he went with but one memory to cheer him the echo of the thunder roll in his ears as it peeled out in the valley of desolation onward onward now the road became less and less rocky as on his way he passed the great cliffs sank and dwindled away and the ooze of the fens crept upward to the mountain's feet at length the hills and hollows of the mountain fastnesses disappeared the wanderer took his way amid mere trackless wastes where was nothing but quaking marsh and slime on on he wandered stumbling blindly with weary feet on the endless road over his soul crept ever closer the blackness of despair whilst amid the mountain gorges he had been wandering some small cheer came from the hope that at any moment some turn in the path might show him his journey's end some entry from a dark defile might expose to him looming great in the distance or even an eye him the dread castle of the king but now with the flat desolation of the silent marsh around him he knew that the castle could not exist without his seeing it he stood for a while erect and turned him slowly round so that the complete circuit of the horizon was swept by his eager eyes alas never a sight did he see nought was there but the black line of the horizon where the sad earth lay against the level sky all all was compact of a silent gloom still on he tottered his breath came fast and laboured his weary limbs quivered as they bore him feebly up his strength his life was ebbing fast on on he hurried ever on with one idea desperately fixed in his poor distraught mind that in the castle of the king he should find his beloved one he stumbled and fell there was no obstacle to arrest his feet only from his own weakness he declined quickly he arose and went onward with flying feet he dreaded that should he fall he might not be able to arise again again he fell again he rose and went on his way desperately with blind purpose so for a while went he onwards stumbling and falling but arising ever and pausing not on his way his quest he followed of his beloved one abiding in the castle of the king at last so weak he grew that when he sank he was unable to rise again feebler and feebler he grew as he lay prone and over his eager eyes came the film of death but even then came comfort for he knew that his race was run and that soon he would meet his beloved one in the halls of the castle of the king to the wilderness his thoughts he spoke his voice came forth with a feeble sound like the moaning before a storm of the wind as it passes through reeds in the gray autumn a little longer soon i shall meet her in the halls of the king and we shall part no more for this it is worth to pass through the valley of the shadow and to listen to the music of the spheres with their painful hope what boots it though the castle be afar quickly speed the feet of the dead to the fleeting spirit all distance is but a span i fear not now to see the castle of the king for there within its chiefest hall soon shall i meet my beloved to part no more even as he spoke he felt that the end was nigh fourth from the marsh before him crept a still spreading mist it rose silently higher higher enveloping the wilderness for far around it took deeper and darker shades as it arose it was as though the spirit of gloom were hid within and grew mightier with the spreading vapor to the eyes of the dying poet the creeping mist was as a shadowy castle arose the tall turrets and the frowning key the gateway with its cavernous recesses and its beatling towers took shape as a skull the distant battlements towered aloft into the silent air from the very ground where on the stricken poet lay grew dim and dark a vast causeway leading into the gloom of the castle gate the dying poet raised his head and looked his fast-failing eyes quickened by the love and hope of his spirit pierced through the dark walls of the keep and the gloomy terrors of the gateway there within the great hall where the grim king of terrors himself holds his court he saw her whom he sought she was standing in the ranks of those who wait in patience for their beloved to follow them into the land of death the poet knew that he had but a little while to wait and he was patient stricken though he lay amongst the eternal solitudes a far off beyond the distant horizon came a faint light as of the dawn of a coming day as it grew brighter the castle stood out more and more clearly till in the quickening dawn it stood revealed in all its cold expanse the dying poet knew that the end was at hand with a last effort he raised himself to his feet that standing erect and bold as is the right of manhood he might so meet face to face the grim king of death before the eyes of his beloved one the distant sun of the coming day rose over the horizon's edge a ray of light shot upward as it struck the summit of the castle keep the poet spirit in an instant of time swept along the causeway through the ghostly portal of the castle it swept and met with joy the kindred spirit that it loved before the very face of the king of death quicker than the lightning's flash the whole castle melted into nothingness and the sun of the coming day shone calmly down upon the eternal solitudes in the land within the portal rose the sun of the coming day it shone calmly and brightly on a fair garden where among the long summer grass lay the poet colder than the marble statues around him end of section seven


National State High Court in Oshubu. Oshubu, rather, presided by Justice Adigbele Ojojas, denied the bill application of the owner of Hilton Hotel & Resort, Ramon Adiddoin, and seek staff over the alleged murder of a master student of the Abafemi Awoloa University OAU LA Fair. The defendants are facing trial on 11 counts, both written on murder, conspiracy, felony among others. Upon arraignment, the councillor to the defendants, Adigbele Adeguke, Keike Eleja, and Okon Ita, had moved the bill application for seven defendants, which was opposed by the prosecutor, M.O. Omosun. The bill was argued by the councillor and prosecutor, and Justice Ojoa reserved ruling until Monday. So, you get notified about fresh news updates.


So one of the things I've gone ahead and done is we happen to have a lot of different cases to work off of, if X was red, if X was black, and you notice that's kind of a long list. Reason why is, let's say we wanted to be a little more adventurous. I came in and I said something like, remove 50. So we would still perform our normal removal process. As always, I would mark my 50 as my in, and I would need to find what we would classify as my X. Well, that's my in-order predecessor. So we would come down and we would note that 40 is my X. So what do we do? We take that X and we move that key up to our location. In our case, it happens to be root. So we go through that process. We do this before we make any assessments over here. That's the major thing that we want to focus in on. So I come in and I've removed all of those, and I now have 40 here.  This, technically speaking, is a null node right now. It doesn't have children of itself. There are, so it would be stopping here. So what do we want to do? Well, this is actually kind of why, once again, I have these removal cases already up here. So if X happens to be black, I want to compare it to its sibling. So its sibling happens to be right beside it in this case. And we notice we have criteria for now, my sibling. In this case, we see that if the sibling is black, we check its children. Well, this child happens to be red. So you notice that first rule, if the sibling is black and both children are black as well, I would do some step. That's not the case. It's actually this second one right here. If sibling S is black and one of its children is red, we're going to perform a trinode restructuring. So for my sake, I'm going to call, I'm going to bring in the X, Ys and Zs again.  So for my sake, I'll call that R, X, Y and Z. So I still have that S. It's still, you know, it's still an S. It's still, we could call it R, we could call it X. It's kind of both of them. The big important thing is when I see this X here and this X here, they're not the same. They're two different kind of worlds. This one's being applied to sort of the removal process. This one's being applied to the trinode restructuring process. So we've seen that trinode restructuring a few times now and we still make the same assessments that we always make. We have to find out what is my A, what is my B and what is my C. Well, if I'm going from my left side first, we see that Y would actually be the first node because I would go to my left child. I see I have no left child here, so I then go to myself. Then the question is, well, where's next? This is all still happening on the left node, the left child of Z. So X would happen to be my B and that would leave me with my Y. Or sorry, my C as being Z. As always, as we've done in the past, B becomes the new parent, A and C are going to become the new children. And whatever gets inherited will be inherited. So I know there's another step. I'm going to skip over it for our sake just so we can continue kind of working through this for a second. So if I were to draw this out, I'll just kind of move down here a little bit so I don't need to actually even worry about root right now. I see that 24 would become the new X or the new B and then 25 would become the new C and then 21 would become the new A. Now, this still does not answer the question. You see that I have a red node with a red child and that's breaking the rules of our work. However, you see that next step. Notice how there's a next step as well. Color A and C, color A and C, black. And then give, this is kind of the important thing, give B whatever the former color of Z was. What is the former color of Z? Well, it's red, so we'd actually maintain that still redness but 25 in this case would be a black node. So just to kind of take this and look at it from our larger scale, if I were to come in here and I'm just going to do a little bit of deleting that 40 is from an olden times, as you can remember, and then I'd come in and I remove that as well. So once again, I would come in and now my parent node is 24 with two children, 21 and 25. Both of them are black. They happen to have their null children, which are classified as being black nodes as well. And if we were to make an assessment on everything, we'd see that I have one black node, two black node, three four, one, two, three, four, one, two, three, four. Every path happens to have four black nodes now.