Hello everyone. Thank you for being here. It's a real pleasure to be here physically after a year and a half of talking to cameras. So I don't know how many of you are more technically oriented. Part of my presentation at the beginning is very high level. The end is more technical oriented towards more developers. There are other people who actually want to try the technology but there should be enough for everybody to enjoy. So you may have seen the description of my presentation. I actually talk about blockchain as being a new type of database. And quite frankly it's a bit of a provocative statement. There are people, hardcore believers into blockchain being a completely new, revolutionizing technology. Maybe I'm a bit boring, I'm old, but for me it's just yet another technology. It's an important evolution, but at the end of the day it's a system that you use to store data and retrieve data from. And to me that makes it a database. Of course it has very different characteristics than traditional databases and we'll get through some of this. But I still feel like it's reasonable to call it a database. So let's get to this. First let's talk about, you may have heard of blockchain being also referred as a decentralized ledger. So what is this all about? First let's start stepping back and talk about ledgers. What are ledgers? Ledgers have by no means new, right? They've been around since the 15th century and they've been used by businesses to keep track of what's going on with their business. So we typically refer to two key aspects related to ledgers. There's a notion of transactions which are typically, you know, they refer to asset transfer of one kind or another. These things that are either coming out of your business or getting into your business that you will record those events, those transactions into your ledger. And traditionally this is done with big books that were used to store information. And then there's this notion of contract. So you basically, you know, as a company will enter into some kind of business contract with another company, whether it's a supplier or a customer. And you basically agree on some kind of transactions with certain conditions and transactions being executed for a given outcome. And so these are like the contracts that we are talking about that basically governs the transactions that are taking place with your business in and out, right? So of course, you know, the evolution with the digitalization of the business has been to move from these paper ledgers to computer IT systems that basically replicate this kind of systems into, you know, digital systems. The problem we have with this first step of the evolution is we end up with a situation which is depicted on this slide where essentially you have a network of business partners who are interacting with one another under those contracts. And each participant in the network is basically recording their versions of what's going on in their own ledger. All the different ledgers are being maintained completely independently by each participant. When everything goes as planned, it's not a problem. Everything works well. The problem happens when there is something that doesn't happen the way it was expected. So maybe you were expecting to receive some order, something that you ordered from your supplier, it's not happening. Or there is a payment that didn't come in on time. And so there is a breach of contract somewhere. But the problem is to be able to come to an agreement with the other party on what happened, what went wrong. At that point in time, each party has their own version of what's happening or what has happened to that point. So you go into what we call the reconciliation exercise where basically the different parties involved in the transaction have to compare notes. And you try to find where things went wrong and come to an agreement. This is actually a very costly and time-consuming exercise during which typically assets will be frozen. And it generally creates a lot of friction in the network. So it's quite inefficient and an expensive process. What blockchain and decentralized ledgers are about is to try to solve that very problem. So that instead of having all these different ledgers being maintained independently, we create a system which will keep all these different ledgers in sync with one another. This is what I like to call reconciliation upfront. So essentially, instead of saying each party is going to write their own version of what's going on, their own transaction, their own record of the transactions that are taking place, we're going to have a system where we submit the transaction to the network. When the network agrees, yes, this is what's happening. We cannot record it in our own copy of the ledger. So we still have our own copy of the ledger, but now it's being kept in sync with everybody else. So when things goes wrong, well, we don't have to go through this reconciliation exercise anymore because we all have the same version of the record. This is what we call the universal source of truth. So it actually saves us this trouble of trying to figure out what went wrong. We all know there is no dispute, so resolution can come up much faster. What's really important is this notion is, you know, so we have this shared replicated ledger. We'll talk a little bit more about the permission aspect. That's actually a different dimension. What's really important in the scenario I'm describing is the notion that we have to have consensus in the network to come to an agreement on what needs to be recorded or what it is to record on the ledger. And there is this notion that, well, we can tell which transactions come from where. And the ledger is such that it's immutable. So once something is recorded, you cannot change it, especially not unilaterally. The problem with the before picture that we saw earlier is also that anybody is in control with their own record, which means they can change their record if they want to. You would have no view on what happened with their ledger. So in that way, it's only worth what the people claim it is to be. And the other aspect is finality. So again, because this is shared by everybody and nobody can change anything without the consensus from everybody else, it means you have a final record of what happened. This is what really blockchain is all about. There are different types of blockchains. And you probably have heard about Bitcoin unless you've been living under a rock. Bitcoin deserves a lot of credit because it's really at the origin of the blockchain movement. However, it's important to realize that in fact, Bitcoin is a specific application of a technology which is much more broadly applicable. And this is why IBM got interested. Of course, as you can imagine, IBM has a big research center. We had researchers looking into Bitcoin from the early days, especially people involved in cryptography and all this stuff. They were really interested in what was going on. At the same time, from our point of view, this was not so interesting in and of itself until we realized that, as I was saying at the very beginning, fundamentally what we're talking about is a system of record that is shared among a network of business partners. And this is broadly applicable to any kind of data. In the case of Bitcoin, they use this system to record exchange of coins, this new digital currency. And they can keep track of who owns what. If I have a coin, I can give it to somebody else or a fraction of a coin. And this is being recorded so at any moment we can tell who owns what and where each coin came from because you can see the history of the coin with all the transactions on the ledger. Now, you can imagine that you can expand on this instead of recording transactions of coin related to a coin. We can record transactions related to the ownership of a house, of a car, or anything we really want. So what's fundamentally important about blockchain is this notion that we have this distributed ledger that provides an irrefutable proof, right? We have this set of transactions that is being recorded. So why do we call it blockchain? Without getting into the details, basically it's a way of encapsulating all the transactions into a set of transactions which form a block and the block itself is hashed. So we have a cryptographic signature of the set of transactions which is then embedded in the next block. And so it's kind of like Russian doll type of system where by definition if you change anything in any block you break the signature and all the other blocks behind. So the more you add blocks, the harder it becomes to change anything in the ledger. So I did talk a little bit briefly. There was a mention of permission ledger. Let me talk a little bit more about this. Bitcoin is a permissionless blockchain network which means that there is no access control to the system. Anybody can join. There's actually a program you can download it on your machine and start writing Bitcoin. You will join the Bitcoin network. Immediately nobody is going to stop you and you can start participating. You can start downloading all the transactions, seeing all the transactions that happen and possibly submit transactions to the network. On the other hand, it's meant to be anonymous, although it's really synonymous.  Nobody can really see who is behind each ID, which is why it's so commonly used in ransomware because once the money is transferred to some ID, we have no way to know who is behind this. At the same time, there is no privacy because if two people exchange transactions, we have to reveal our IDs to actually make the transaction happen to say, I'm exchanging Bitcoin from this ID to this other ID. Over time, you can actually build basically a directory of all the IDs of the people or the parties you're interacting with and because the ledger is public, you can actually trace all the other transactions that those IDs are doing or have done. So in terms of privacy, it's actually fairly weak. If you think about the way business networks function, it's pretty much the opposite. Businesses typically work in a network of partners. They actually know who they are. Nobody is hiding behind some fake identity or not fake, but some digital identity that you don't know who is behind. And on the other hand, they want privacy. They don't want all your suppliers to see how much you're buying from each supplier and so on. So this is what actually has motivated IBM to start working on this and develop a solution. There was no system that actually did address those problems. So let me give you some concrete examples before I go further into what the solution is. TradeLens is one of the early platforms they've developed with a company called MERSC, which is like the biggest container shipping company in the world. And their problem wasn't so much keeping track of where the containers are when they are shipping from point A to point B around the world, but it's all the paperwork associated with this. There's a huge amount of signatures and stamps they need to get along the way. And so there is a paper trail that actually obviously follows a different path entirely from the container itself. And this is actually their biggest burden because it involves many different parties. It is going to involve people like, of course, the actual transporter, but authorities, insurance companies, customs and so on. So all along the way, they have to ensure that they get all the right signatures, all the right authorizations. So basically we developed a system that allows all these different companies to join this network so that when they're starting to ship a container from one place to another, there's a record associated with that container or that shipment. And every time one party or another has to sign, they can just add to the ledger associated with that shipment. And at any point in time, we can always go back and do an audit, see what happened. Another system we developed initially with Walmart, it's now extended throughout the food industry, is IBM Food Trust, which is a platform to keep track of provenance of food-related products. So you can do things like, you may know that for instance in the industry, there is like Ecoli breakout every year, almost it seems. And what happens is the stores are being informed that there is a breakout in some form, but nobody knows where the letters from that form are. There is actually the information is somewhere, but it takes so long to actually figure it out that it's safer to just take out all the letters. So there's huge amount of waste because we are throwing out all stuff letters, it's independent of where they come from. So basically we have been able to develop systems now that will allow us to keep track of the provenance of all the food items throughout the food supply chain so that we can actually identify very clearly which item comes from which producer on the shelves. So when there is a case like this, we can actually do a much more narrowly sculpt recall. One of the newer examples that we have, we have developed the digital health pass which with the COVID, we actually some of you probably use different applications today to show that you got the vaccination for COVID. And so IBM actually developed a platform to do that and is actually used by different governments around the world, New York, the Excelsior platform is based on the IBM DHB. And essentially it's a system that allows verification of credentials and it's specifically targeted for health. It's not limited to vaccination, it could be anything that's health related. But the idea is to allow verification of credentials while the user is actually in control of what gets disclosed and who to whom and where the supplier, the issuer of the credential is not involved at all in the verification process. So the naive application, the implementation of the system like this is you have a central system, the supplier sets up and every time you go check your vaccination, basically it's going to make a query to the issuer to verify this is valid. With this kind of decentralized system, we can store the keys that allow the verification of the credentials without the issuer being involved. It's also important to know despite all the crazy stuff people are saying, this system do not store any personal data on the blockchain. They actually store basically cryptographic keys associated with the issuer. This is like your lab or your health provider who's been doing the vaccinations on the chain so that the credential that's given to you that's stored in your electronic wallet can be verified with those keys. But it doesn't contain any personal data whatsoever. So these are the kind of examples of applications that we have been developing with this kind of technology. So let me get now to Hyperledge of Fabric. So as I was saying, once we realized there was a need and we actually did a fairly extensive survey of all the different systems that existed at the time. We were talking back in 2014-15. We realized there was no system that existed, so we embarked into developing our own with different principles that were really tuned towards the needs of the enterprise. So we developed Hyperledge of Fabric, which was then contributed to the Hyperledge project, which is now developed in open source. So there are different characteristics, some of which you will recognize. I've talked about permissions so that we can control who has access to the network to start with. We have enforced privacy so that not everybody sees everything. We have finality. There are a lot of systems like Bitcoin where you actually don't really know when the transaction that has been submitted that is actually accepted by the network will stick to it or not. I would have to get into two low level details to explain, but you have just enough to say that some transactions can be revert afterwards. In the business case, this is difficult to deal with, so we design a system where there is no such thing. So once your transaction has been accepted and recorded, it's never reversed. So it's final. We also wanted systems that are preferment, and then there is notion of smart contracts that basically implements the logic of the application, that it will be application-specific. There are different systems that make different choices. Some that have developed specific languages. So if you know about Ethereum, for instance, they have their own language. They have defined for writing smart contracts. Such as Solidity. And we made the choice to allow enterprise developers to use whatever programming language they wanted. And there are things like mining and cryptocurrency are not part of the system at all. You can use it to develop an application that is dedicated to digital currency, but it's not part of the system. And I won't go into the detail, but the rest is a bit more technical. But one key aspect is that we thought that this is fairly new innovative technology where a lot of new things will still be coming up. So we made it very modular so things could be changed and evolve over time. So as I was saying, this is part of a bigger organization, a consortium, if you will, called Hyperledger, which is technically a collaborative project of the Linux Foundation. And it was one of the fastest growing organizations in the history of the Linux Foundation. We had over 200 members just a few years ago. It's come down a bit because the hype is over, which I think is a good thing. But we still have a significant number of members. I know it's very small, but it's just to give you an idea that you're supposed to say, wow, there's a lot. That's the message of the slide. So Hyperledger Fabric, the technology that I'm going to be talking about, is now available, you know, provided on all the different major cloud providers today. So now let me tell you a little bit more about, you know, the evolution of fabric. So we started in 2015. In 2016, we had the, you know, a first version of within Hyperledger. It was called Fabric 05 and 06. Then we had a major redesign because by then we had already engaged with customers and realized, okay, this architecture is too limiting. We had a major redesign. And so in 2017, basically one year after the launch of Hyperledger and the contribution of the code to Hyperledger Fabric, we released version 1.0, which created, it was very unique at the time and introduced a lot of different aspects that were really not common into the blockchain space. For instance, we introduced the notion of channels. So initially we thought, well, to provide participants in the network privacy, we'd make it permissioned. So they were saying now we control access. But we realized, well, even in a network, if the network is big enough, people don't always want to share everything within the network. So we created the notion of channels, which allows us to segment further the network into subgroups so that within the network you can have different subgroups that can actually intersect in many ways and provide people with more privacy. I'm not going to get into all the details, but we had some major milestone and I actually removed a lot of this slide as it evolved over time. And it's a lot simpler than it used to be because it was getting way too crowded. But some of the big milestones is, in 2019, we had the first LTS version. This is long-term service when the community said, well, you can use this and we will keep maintaining it for quite a while. It was actually, the commitment was for a year and a half. We did a bit more. But then we had a version 2.0 in the early 2020. And we took a couple of iterations, 2.1 and 2.2 before we created new LTS. There were several big changes, and I'll talk more about the axis of development next, but we had some major changes that justified increasing the version number, the major version from 1x to 2x. And basically, we have evolved since then both versions, the 1.4 branch and the 2 branch. And we just actually recently ended the 1.4 branch saying, okay, this is the last LTS on the 1x branch. So everybody, please agree to 2x is the message we're telling because, you know, of course, there could be some major issue and we might feel compelled to fix the 1x branch. But essentially, we don't want people to keep developing with or using 1x in production, and everybody should be transitioning to 2x. So now we have a new LTS with the 2.2, and this is what people should use in production, and we are working on the 2.3 and now 2.4 are the latter versions that we're working on. There's actually 2.4 alpha and beta that were actually already released, and our goal is to have the 2.4 released by the end of this year with some of the letters development. So rather than going through all the details of all the different features, what I thought would be interesting is to give you a kind of high-level on how the software has been evolving over time. This is what I call the axis of development of fabric. So we have seen many different development related to privacy and confidentiality. As I was saying earlier, we started with one network, then we created this notion of channels that allows you to segment the network, then we actually introduced a notion of private data which allows to go even further than that and encrypt some data so that there is auditability and so on, but not everything sees everything. You can decide who gets to see what, and there is further development happening in that space. It's actually thanks to a lot of advancement in cryptography, we can do a lot of things that just weren't kept... We couldn't do... they were not practical. There's a lot of things in cryptography that has been possible for a long time but they would take so long they were just not usable in practice. Now they become usable and so we see more and more development happening in that space thanks to the evolution of computer capabilities. In terms of decentralization, we've also seen several improvements. So we started with a system based on a Kafka which is crash fault-tolerant which meant that the system you could actually run different peers for each participant so that if one were to crash or a few you could still resist to this. However, they were part of the system that were fairly centralized and it's not all of it and some people are very critical saying, ah, this is not decentralized but it was actually much more decentralized than they want you to believe. But this is something like related to the consensus process and I'll talk a little bit more about this on the next slide or so. But this is part of the system that was actually designed to be pluggable so that consensus algorithm is an evolving science. There are people that see what they do. They keep working trying to invent new algorithm that will be more efficient and that will be more scalable more resilient to different aspects. And so we actually designed fabric so that we could change the algorithm used without tearing apart the whole system. So we started with a system based on Kafka which is actually an outside library it's not developed within fabric but we actually recently moved to Raft which is crash-fold tolerant but is also decentralized so that different pieces on the network of different participants I should say can participate in the consensus process. And there is actually work underway so for those who are not very familiar with this there's some big categories of consensus algorithm there is what's called crash-fold tolerant and there is what's called Byzantine-fold tolerant. Byzantine-fold tolerant is designed so that you can actually resist to attack by some players a certain amount of participants who are actually compromised and are trying to impact the system negatively. And so we actually have development in that space now as well. So I'm not going to get too more into this serviceability is another aspect so just to give you an idea at the very beginning when we started with fabric if you wanted to change anything you basically had to shut down the whole system change some configuration and restart. Obviously when you have a system in production that's not an acceptable state of affairs so we evolved to a system that are much more dynamic and much more serviceable overall. We also keep making a lot of progress in terms of performance even though it's very performant compared to many other systems out there there are still people there are actually a lot of there's a big community and we regularly have people from the outside who come and made some studies sometimes universities come with report and say hey look you can do this and that and you'll get that much more performance. And so we're always open to trying to make it more performant. Sometimes it's actually changing some components that we're actually using that we didn't develop like the database actually being used underneath ease of use so I'll talk a little bit more about the letters development here which is the embedded gateway but this is the systems initially were very low level so like at the very core what we're storing the data is in the form of key value pairs and so everything that is more complex in structure has to be you know packaged in such a way that it actually fits in a key value pair but you know over time we have been improving the system so that the APIs are much higher level and easier to use for the application developer and then there are different types of extensions being done I'm not going to talk about this now but you know there is a lot going on I want to do a little bit more deep dive in the fabric gateway because that's the letters development so if there's anybody who's involved or has looked into it before want to know kind of what we've been working on essentially in some you know in a fairly recent past we actually updated the API provided by the different SDKs there are different SDKs, different languages and to make them higher level and we ended up with SDKs that were very heavy and that did a lot of things and on the client side which made the client heavy and a lot of network communication going on and so the letters development that is you know already available as a beta and which will be part of the letters version 2.4 by the end of the year is to basically move a lot of that code into the peer itself so that it's much easier for the application it makes the application much lighter there is there a slide on the benefits to the users so from a programming point of view the good thing is the API itself doesn't change it's mostly an implementation detail so application developer that I've been writing on the previous versions won't see much of a difference in terms of you know their programs but the implementation moves a lot of these code that's in the SDK into the peer directly and I have a slide that will show that it actually has many different positive side effects one of which is the whole consensus process requires actually getting your transaction submitted to the network getting enough participants in the network to approve the transaction to say ok I accept this transaction to then be able to submit it for commitment basically writing it onto the ledger so that everybody has agreed and in the version to this date the client basically has to contact the different participants and collect all these endorsements and then you know issue the transaction so with the gateway the peer will actually do all this work for you which means that the application only needs one connection to the peer it ends up talking and it's the peer that will have the connection to the rest of the network which already has anyway so it means that from a system administration point of view it's also much easier I have it in a graphic form which may be a bit more telling and which will give me an opportunity to give you a little bit of insight into the architecture so at the very top we have what we call membership services so we are in a permission network which means we have to control access which is done by controlling identities of the participants and the different components in the network the system is again very plug-able so there is a standard built-in fabric CA which is certificate authority that you can use but you can also reuse a lot of the legacy system most companies don't want to create new ideas so they want to be able to reuse what they already have if you have an SDAP system already running you can reuse all your identities and not create new ones but then the main components are you have the client which through some SDK will talk to the network there are two main components there is the peer which will actually store the copy of the ledger and will run the smart contract which is this piece of application-specific logic that will validate the transaction and then there is what we call the ordering system which is where the consensus takes place among the network to decide the order of the transactions and create the new block that will be written so in the new version we have simplified things so there is actually a swap but that's irrelevant it's just because it shows the flow of the transaction a bit nicer than having lines that go around but you see the new block, the gateway in blue in the middle is an important piece so basically now the client talks to the gateway which is built into the peer and it's that gateway that does all the work with the other piece in the network and the client just submits the transactions and basically it records an event handler associated with the transaction and it will be informed when everything has been done and then it will be completed into the network it will be informed the transaction has been written oops, sorry, let's keep one so now that's a lot of details that honestly most people, application developers don't need really to worry about what's more important for the application developer is those two components that are in green on that slide at the top, so you have the client the part where you have the application where you're going to do something specific and the other side is the smart contract and the smart contract, as I said earlier it basically runs in the peer and this is not actually a very new, novel concept going back to my analogy with databases we have these systems in databases as well so essentially it allows you to specialize the application on the back end this is the back end basically of your application and the client is the front end so when you submit transaction it actually is going to execute some function in the smart contract that will validate specifically for your application that the transaction is valid it will typically check on things like well, do I have all the information that I need to make sense of this transaction so imagine you're in an application we keep track of the ownership of a car well, you need to know if you're transferring the asset from one owner to another well, I need to have the identity of the seller and the identity of the asset that I'm transferring so you will want to check this kind of stuff but you also want to check on the state the logical state of the application as that given time because if I say, oh, I'm transferring this asset from one owner to another well, are they actually the current owner? so that's more like the logical state of the application so all these things are going to be checked in the smart contract so as an application developer that's what you're going to focus on you're going to focus on those two aspects the smart contract and the client the client issues the transactions and the smart contract validate those transactions then of course the smart contract is not run only by you it's actually something that will be installed on the network by the different participants that will take part into the consensus process the validation of all the transactions something that's shared among the participants and the peer itself will actually have locally two versions of the data there is the actual blockchain which you can see there on the right but it also uses what we call the world state which is basically the instant representation of the blockchain because it's a bit like the balance on your bank statement you can recalculate the balance anytime by taking all the transactions from the very beginning but it wouldn't be very practical to recalculate everything every time from day one so you also maintain the current state of your balance more really so the world state is basically contains that from a smart contract point of view all you have to do is get and put and delete kind of things and yes there's a delete I said it's immutable it doesn't mean that you cannot delete and change information what it means is that every time you make this kind of modification they will actually in turn generate more transaction just like with your bank account if there is a bad transaction you can reverse transaction they don't go and remove the previous transaction they just reverse it by creating a new transaction that reverses the transaction it's exactly the same here so it's immutable doesn't mean you cannot change anything it just means the ledger itself cannot be changed so let me move on because I also want to highlight a few other aspects Hyperledger as I said is a consortium there are many different projects going on and Hyperledger Fabric to be fair is only one of six different ledgers today but it's the most popular one and it's definitely the most commonly used in the IT industry but outside of the Hyperledger Fabric project itself there is a whole bunch of labs labs is something we created a few years ago to allow the community to experiment with different developments and there are actually many different labs so they're not officially endorsed by the Hyperledger project yet but there are potential future projects or pieces of some of this might actually eventually migrate to Hyperledger Fabric itself but I wanted to point out there's a lot of activity going on in that space so we have an operation console that actually provides a user interface to more easily manage the network it's actually been contributed by IBM recently and it's actually what the IBM Blockchain platform offering is based on so it's actually been in production for several years we have other aspects Fabric smart client I'm not going to get into the details of all of that the token SDK is of interest to a lot of people we don't have built-in support for digital assets in Fabric but it's actually possible to have tokens I mean people often say oh why isn't there built-in support so we actually look into the samples in Fabric you'll see we have actually provided several samples that implement different standards tokens like ERC20 so it's definitely possible but you can do more and so the Fabric token SDK which is in the labs right now is one of those it actually shows how you can do more we also have different projects going on I should say Hyperledger Weaver is actually a lab and Cactus is a project it's a bit subtle the difference but I'm not going to get into this now but what's important is this is a hot topic in my opinion right now and this is where a lot of the focus is going to be because for several years we have had different blockchain technologies being developed and there are different permission networks that are being developed independently and then the next thing people want to do is actually join them because for instance you have one network where you track asset ownership and on another you do payments and guess what you want to sell a car and you want to pay so you want to pay on one end and exchange the asset on another and in fact you want to make sure those two things happen at the same time so that if I'm buying a car either the payment happens and I get the car or nothing happens but you don't want one or the other to happen not the other so there's a need for interoperability between the different networks and there are different technologies Fabric is only one of them as I said there are many others and so there are several efforts now going on to try to bridge those gaps between the networks so you can actually have like atomic transactions across different networks and the difficulty is to do that without adding centralization because it's very easy to make a central gateway gateway that actually is the central point but that defeats the purpose I did mention BRBFT you may have seen that earlier when I was talking about consensus and the evolution it's actually been developed by some of my colleagues who are experts in cryptography and consensus algorithm in Zurich lab at IBM and it's a much more efficient type of Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm that has ever existed until now and so there's a lab that actually provides an implementation that would then be leveraged by a hyperledger Fabric but it can be used outside of Fabric as well I'll leave it at that if you are interested just keep an eye there are many of those going on I just wanted to finish give you a couple of pointers if you are interested in playing with it I can give you two and three key points the first one is well we have an extensive documentation and there is a whole set of samples we actually just last year did a complete revamp of the samples because initially they were kind of developed organically and it was a bit all over the map and so we actually had a very thorough look at the samples and eliminated some and created new ones so that actually provides a whole progression showing all the different main features of Fabric so that you can actually see how to use them what they are good for and the documentation keeps being expanded the latest addition which is significant is a whole chapter on how to deploy a production network because a lot of the documentation is often like this in open source it's very developer oriented but then it's good enough to get started but it doesn't take you to the last mile of going to production and the last piece is the Visual Studio Code extension it's developed by IBM but it's freely available and it's a great way to get started it provides you with a complete framework where you can even create so you can develop your smart contracts and your application with this extension it will actually even run a local network in your system so you can actually test, exercise the smart contract and the client and you can even debug your smart client which is a great feature so I provided the information there and the slides I have updated uploaded the slides so you can find them so with that I'm just on time so I'm going to stop here I don't know if we have time there's coffee break now maybe there's time if anybody has a question otherwise I'm around all day yes the latest is actually pretty good yeah everybody heard is asking about which branch to start from if you want if you go to production it's always better to go with the LTS but if you're just starting to develop you might as well use the latest branch and use the new gateway and so the change for those who may have done this before the change from the old gateway to the new one is basically just the package names are different but essentially the rest is almost the same so there is very little impact on your program alright well, yep so I'm biased but you know I'm part of IBM and so there is actually extensive documentation also on the IBM site and we actually have higher level use cases that are you know being developed they're available where you can actually go through this you can find the one that's closest to your use case and start from there and typically it will be a bit easier yes Daniella so for those who are online and may not have heard what Daniella was saying there are six special interest groups in Hyperledger and several of them actually focus on different aspects different use cases and get into developing reference architecture and things like this on how to use the fabric to implement their or address their problem their use case alright I'll respect everybody's time I'm going to leave it at that but again I'm happy to stay around and talk to people so thank you very much


Everybody Matt here for late in sports cards ripping one box of 2022 top stadium club baseball for Matthew a Good luck Matthew Just a couple more boxes in queue after this and then we're also filling an Optic baseball six box random divisions right now for to go on that.  This is rookie Otto Oliver Ortega chain bars White Park and Bean team Aaron judge There you go. Nice one Matthew Castillo and Bobby Whit jr. That is rookie destiny insert power zones say a Suzuki rookie insert Nolan It's rookie red Arnie Clement. So again, I posted an on-the-fly Donneros optic six box random divisions Six spots of the break for to go. There's a link to it having sheets That is chrome refractor yada yer Molina.  Those are one in four boxes Bellinger, that's black foil Trevor story Ashby Wander Franco rookie Brian Reynolds red foil. That's rookie Otto Nick Fortez India standard bow guards and that's red foil Matt Chapman And there's hunter green rookie chrome nice one Matthew Xander bow guards die-cut. Um, I don't know. I'm not I don't remember if we did I Don't remember if we have Recent times, but I know that we we have them at one point for personal A couple years ago. There's Calrifican jr. Red foil two packs to go Well, let's finish strong here Palmer red foil Alright, there's Josiah gray rookie black foil Lance Lynn Derek Jeter on the back All right, Matthew, that'll do it for your box appreciate the purchase. We'll get these right out to you


We have the Lottie Body Milk and Honey line, I purchased their leave-in, and the Curl Defining Moose from Walmart. So I'm holding right now in my hand the leave-in conditioner. It's the Nourish Me leave-in conditioner. It states that it locks in moisture, continuous intense hydration, detangles and adds shine, no mineral oil. This is a good size. This is 8 ounces. It comes with the pump, but the pump is a little challenging, I will say. It has a light yellow color, a light fragrance. Other things suggested that there's no sulfates, again, no mineral oils, preferring petroleum, which is good, okay? Again, that's the leave-in conditioner. Next up, we have the Refine Me Curl Defining Moose. This states that it's for medium hold, for soft curls. Defined curls adds body and shine, no alcohol, okay? It has a pump much like the original Moose by Lottie Body. Again, no sulfates, mineral oil, petroleum, formaldehyde, paraffin, none greasy, no drying, no damaging ingredients. Hey, you guys! I'm back with another tutorial, review. This time, I'm going to be reviewing Lottie Body's Honey Milk and Honey, excuse me. I have their Nourish Leave-In Conditioner, and I also have the Refine Me Curl Defining Moose. I purchased both of these products through Walmart.com. They were no change, nothing but some change. I'm going to start off by wetting my hair, applying the leave-in oil, then a moose. I think that's how I'm going to do it. I've been using the leave-in often on for a week, and it's good. I like it, I like it. I prefer the other one a little bit better, but I do like this. I can dig it. So, didn't I just say dig it? Anyway, y'all, I'm going to be using Lourge Perm Rods. We have these teal turquoise, whatever, orange and yellow, okay? My hair is blown out, my hair is old, very, very old, so let's just go ahead and get started. Okay, so I'm taking down this section of my hair, and lightly misted my hair with water you're going to see here in a second. My hair is growing, you guys. Can you tell? Yes. So here is the water, just a little bit. I don't want it too damp. And the pump for this leave-in conditioner, yeah, we're going to have to take that off. Yeah, uh-uh. This smells, this smells good, very, very creamy. So I'm going to be using, depending on how much hair, one to two pumps to actually set my hair, and I'm rolling them, you guys. Instead of spiraling the perm rod, I'm going to roll it on my hair because I'm looking for a different type of curl, not necessarily spiral curls, okay? I did not use the turquoise or teal, because those were too big, those um, perm rods. You know, and honestly, I've rarely used those. I think I've used those perm rods once, okay? So continuing to roll up my hair and making sure that I add tension when rolling the perm rod up, excuse me, to ensure that I get a sleek look. I will say as far as the consistencies of both products, it's just like the original line. I really can't tell much of a difference. However, I feel like, especially with the combination of the leave-in and mousse, excuse me. I feel like this gives you softer curls as opposed to the original styler and mousse. That gives you a more defined, well, I should say gives you more hold, if that makes sense. So I am done, you guys. I used all of these perm rods, girl, all of them, and the next morning I will come back and show you guys what it looks like.  Now one thing I do want to say, I think I would have gotten sleeker results if I were to set my hair on, I don't know, like fresher hair. This hair is old, you guys. This is two weeks after my wash day. I've been a little lazy, yeah, so anyway, I am going ahead and taking my time to unravel. I do like these curls, and I will say, state yet again, that I got bouncy, your softer curls as opposed to the original formula by Lada Body. Still very, very nice, very nice results, and yeah, I'm gonna continue to unravel, so I hope you guys enjoy this video. The bounce and the curls. My hair is shiny, it is soft, it is fluffy. So right now, I'm just picking at my roots, and yeah, my hair is split down the middle, so I'm trying to determine how I'm going to style it. I'm gonna end up pushing all of my hair back to give the illusion, almost like I'm wearing a headband, if that makes sense, but I'm not gonna wear a headband. I'm gonna take the Cream of Nature's Perfect Edges to try and lay down my edges. Now, yeah, I know I rarely do this, but since I'm pushing my hair back, I want it to look as clean as possible. And I'm going to take about four to five, three inch bobby pins along the edges of my hair, again, to give it an effect that, to give it an effect, excuse me, that I'm wearing a headband. I'm just gonna take a scarf to help lay those edges down. I only left it on for five or 10 minutes, and I'm going to continue to fluff up my hair. You can see some on the side, it's kind of losing some definition, and yeah, this is a very, very pretty look. So, here is that final look, very, very pretty, you guys. I got lots of compliments on this, because this is a different hairstyle for me. So, I hope you guys enjoyed this video. Thank you so much for watching. Take care. Bye.


This week's IonMPI, brought to you by DigiKey and Ada Fruit, is from Blues Wireless, Lady Ada. What is this week's IonMPI? Oh, okay. So this week's IonMPI is from Blues Wireless. They're kind of a, they're not super new, but they're a couple year old, I think cellular service and hardware company. You know, it's basically make IoT really easy. You know, right now they're focusing on cellular. And so I saw their note cards and note card carriers pop up on digiKey.com slash new. So check this out. So you know, they're two products, but we'll talk about the note cards first. So the note card is an M.2 key plug-in card. And each card kind of has everything you need to, you know, get going with the cellular system. As you can see, it's got UFL antenna connectors. It's got an embedded SIM with pre-provisioned AT&T network connectivity, voltage regulators and managers. There's an onboard Cortex-M4. There's ST safe. So there's like a key hard, hardened private key holding device for secure authentication. You'll need that if you want to connect to like AWS and stuff securely. And there's accelerometer and temperature sensor. So that's good for asset management. If you want something's been moved or the temperature's changed on the back, and I'll show these modules on the overhead later. There's a cellular module and there's different Quaktel modules on each side. And you know, basically when you purchase the card, you're purchasing service as well. That's sort of the deal here. Each one comes with a 10-year connectivity and 500 megabytes of data. Of course, you can purchase more data and more time. Everything is SSL and secured over the cellular network. And they have three different, well they actually have multiple networks but they support L-T-E-M, N-B-I-O-T or Cat1. And we'll talk about that in a bit why you might want one or the other. And the idea here is you just have four different cards. Each card has a slightly different amount of support. You plug it into your dev board or their dev board and then you connect to their cloud. You know, we direct the data from your device into AWS or onto your cloud app. Everything's done with JSON data. So I guess underneath you can do HTTP or you can do maybe SOAP, sorry, Co-App or MQTT. And 500 megabytes, which is what it comes with, it's not a lot of data if you have a data plan. But if you're transmitting temperature data or motion activity or GPS and stuff, 500 megabytes will last you quite a while. That said, you can always get more. I saw one really funny comment on YouTube. Somebody said, I want more data and somebody from Blue said how much and they said 501 megabytes. So yes, you can buy more megabytes. But the idea here is that when you get it, you don't have to do separate provisioning. It's a kind of pre-provisioned for you. And I saw something interesting because these are both PTCRB and you don't need to, you know, the end customer like you do with SIM cards because it's only IoT, it's not voice or SMS. It's only this NBIOT or CAT1M. You don't need to have identifying information about the end user. They can pre-provision it on the cellular network with AT&T, which is quite nice. It's one of the steps that's annoying about doing cellulars. You have to go and register and get, you know, a SIM card. So there's four different modules. And you can see here there's global, North America, narrowband, wideband. You know, which one you get, first off depends on the coverage and we'll talk about that, but also how much data you want to pass. So narrowband, of course, is going to be like NBIOTs is you can look at the bit rates. I don't know the top of my head, but you're going to get much lower bit rates with NBIOT versus LTE CAT1. LTE CAT1 can like transmit a fair amount of data, but you know, you might have to pay more and also you may not be able to get like global coverage. So you can see like the NBIOT, you know, module, there's one module that can run anywhere in the world using the Quectel, BG95M3, but there's no such thing as like a global module CAT1. LTE CAT1, you have to choose either it's going to be Europe, Middle East of Africa or North America. This is, you know, part of the cellular networks. If you've ever done stuff with cellular, you'll know that not every country has coverage for every type of network, especially since a lot of them are being shut down or being transitioned and those are all happening at different rates. So this is more information about the cellular service. It's AT&T underneath. So, you know, you'll have to, depending on where your product or device is going to be deployed, are you keeping it North America? Are you watching this from Europe? Are you in Australia? Are you in Japan? It will differ about, you know, what is the remote network that's being handed off to do the wireless network? I basically say like they're kind of focusing right now on North America. If you're outside North America, I'd probably contact them and say like, hey, you know, the majority of my customers or clients are in this country. What card do you recommend I do for this bit rate? And they'll probably be able to help you out. So I did, you know, want to say like, because some people say like, well, why LTE and why is it not 4G and why is it, you know, some of them do GPRS. This is the Verizon network maps because they have this kind of cute little clicky click thing. So this is not the AT&T map. This is just a demonstrative of the kind of stuff you'll want to look into. So LTE has like this coverage in North America and then if you click over to NBIOT, you'll see Canada isn't covered, but the United States is. There's, you know, NBIOT has been rolled out over the U.S. a lot more, but it's not like rolled out almost anywhere else in the world. Whereas GPRS and GSM you see is like non-existent in North America. And this is, we found it's true. Like T-Mobile still has some GPRS cell networks, but almost all that bandwidth has been transferred over to LTE networks. Everyone's been moving off of 2G. Except you'll see there, if you're in Mexico, you still have 2G. So again, you gotta research where are you going to use these modules to determine. And then, you know, again, looking over at Europe, again, this is the AT&T map. This is the Verizon map, not the AT&T map. But Verizon doesn't, it has GPRS and GSM. So you see all that yellow and orange, but there is no NBIOT. Or at least not, you know, not enough visible on this map. So eventually everything will have NBIOT support, but it's coming slowly. As LTE is rolling out. Okay, so the reason we talk about this is because one of the things that's really annoying about cellular, and I know this about cellular, is that networks are constantly being brought up and taken down.  And then, you know, now they're like pretty much useless. And even 3G modules are starting to get sunsetted. So what I liked about the Luzuelos modules is they have this M2 plug-in module. You can get the connectors from Digi-Key for like under a dollar. We even have a great search about this, and you can see they have in stocks. You don't have to worry about silicon shortages. And then you plug in whatever module you need. So if you have a product that you're like, I have European customers, Japanese customers, Australian, you know, Northern African, Southern African, Mexican, Canadian, whatever, each one of them you can plug in the module that makes sense for that customer base. And if the networks change over time, because 2G will eventually get shut down worldwide, you can change it out pretty easily. It's even like user serviceable, like I, you know, and no one necessarily have like the end-to-end customer do it, but a technician with very little skill could go in, screwdriver, pop it out, put it back in. You can't put it in backwards. So I think that that's kind of the smartness that they're bringing here is the realization that these networks are going to constantly be updating and changing. They also have a lot of code examples. So do check out the GitHub. They've got like a scanning storage guide. They kind of promise within 30 minutes you'll get up and running. And with the note cards is the note carrier series. So there's four different note carriers, four different note cards and note carriers, mix and match, right? Whichever one fits into whichever. Here are two battery powered ones and developer ones. They also have, ooh, it's a feather one. That's quite nice. Thank you. There's a feather carrier and there's a Raspberry Pi hat carrier. I also like that they have an iSquad C connector on there and it's, I think, Grove compatible. But we have a Grove 2 Stemma and quick adapter cable. So if you want to use our sensors with this to add humidity sensing, for example, you can do that best of all. All of these things are in stock. And did you see, yes, all of them are in stock, which is pretty amazing considering it uses both a silo module and an STM chip. Two things which are extremely hard to get nowadays, but they were able to get some inventory and you can buy these. Right now they're actually in stock. We have the short URL and the, did you key search there, but you can search for lose wireless. And do you want to show it off? And then we're going to play a video. The video is about three minutes long. That's a good video. So yeah, it's worth it. Okay, so let's go. So let's show it on the overhead. So I'll say I didn't get the feather carrier. I should probably should have, but I didn't realize. Collect them all. Yeah, I was not paying attention. So this is the carrier module, the per typing. And then this is the module and this is what one of them looks like. So this one, I think this is the NBIOT global, I think NBGL is probably what it means.  And then I forgot to bring a Allen wrench, hold on. Do you have it on the whiteboard at home? I know. Hold on. This is what we call dead air in the base. No, no, I can unscrew it by hand. It's just a... Leadiata has a Allen wrench shaped nail. Yes, so you basically can easily disconnect the UFLs and then plug in the module you want. And then these modules are what you would use in your end product as well. So this is really great for prototyping as you get the exact same hardware that you'd use in your final design. And I like it's got battery, it's got solar, it's got all the antennas. And even though you might want larger antennas, you can always connect them over UFL. They do have some simple built-in ones so you can get started immediately. And then USB for quick commands and headers for plugging in other sensors. So very nice. Oh, and then I forgot to mention these also have GPS GNSS support as well. It's quite common. You can also do location based off of cellular triangulation but GPS is of course gonna get you better precision and accuracy. Okay, and we're gonna play the video. It's really good. We'll see you on the other side. Take it away. Ion MPI and then we're gonna bounce into the next segment after that. Cellular is the most ubiquitous, stable and secure method for adding connectivity to devices. For developers, it's also the most expensive and complex. Cellular modems still use communication patterns from the dial-up days. Dev kits try to abstract away those old patterns but saddle you with narrow guardrails by dictating the MCU, RTOS, language and IDE that you have to use. And when it comes to cost, most cellular IoT devices include monthly fees and data plans that you are responsible for regardless of whether or not the device is even in use. At Blues Wireless, we aim to change that and make wireless IoT as developer friendly and accessible as Wi-Fi. And it starts with the note card. The note card is a device to cloud data pump that's ready to embed into new and existing applications. It includes a powerful cellular and GPS module and embedded SIM and an onboard secure element with keys and certificates added at the point of manufacture. The note card is a deceptively simple cellular IoT device with no fees that just works when you power it on. 10 years and 500 megs of data are included in the cost of the device and devices start at $49. You'll never get a monthly bill for cellular usage. Compared to other solutions, the note card is up to 10 times less expensive over the lifetime of the device. When it comes to sending and receiving data, the note card is a data pipe for your projects. Your MCU sends simple JSON requests and receives JSON responses. You don't need to issue AT commands to turn on the radio, send data, receive data, or anything. The powerful features of the note card are wrapped up in a JSON-based API that is simple and flexible. Finally, the note card works with any host device from powerful single board computers to 8-bit microcontrollers, meaning that you can get started with your favorite development board and programming language. It's an easy to program module without unnecessary guardrails. IoT solutions may start with sensors, actuators, and hardware, but they don't end there. In the Blue's wireless ecosystem, notehub.io is your secure conduit for device-to-cloud connectivity with the note card. Notehub.io facilitates the flow of JSON data from your MCU to your cloud application. With built-in integrations to major cloud providers, support for HTTP and MQTT endpoints, and a JSON-based data transformation capability, the note card and note hub create a JSON data pipe that allows you to forget about the complexities of getting device data to the cloud. With a note card and notehub.io, cellular IoT is finally developer-ready. See for yourself today at blues.io and start building your IoT solutions with no strings attached. You wanted to hold up something. I just wanted to say it was my mistake. There was an Allen wrench actually included in the packaging, which was underneath, and I didn't notice it. But you were resourceful. It was a good test. It was there all this time. And yeah. All right. Thank you. All right. I'm happy.


All right, my name is Musa Isubola, I'm from the United States, maybe we need to be precise. I'm a Microsoft Certified Data Analyst. I studied Electrical and Mechanical Engineering for the best of many years. And I've heard about a book, and I think it's a link thing based on Aguario's posts on LinkedIn. Then I get to apply. During the experience so far was awesome. And we learned a lot from Power Platform that comprises of Power Apps, Power Solution, and our Copilot Studio. Yeah, right. I would be ready for this Power BI, and I learned data modeling in Power BI. Apart from data modeling, I learned how to clean and analyze data on the start to finish and how to visualize and make a key insight. Yeah, I would recommend this book to even the people that are close to you. Like, immediately I get back to the United States, I would make sure that the people that are here also apply for it, and I would make sure that you work through all the data so that you also be here. Yeah, thank you so much.


for when please respond with yes or no to acknowledge you have received this info when accepting the job yeah like to book you for the COVID tests on the 12th and 13th and work for clear for 14th you accept the job below please don't book any other work for those dates okay 12th and 13th 12th and 13th yes 12th yes 13th yes I'm good awesome out time I was a happy man if you're wondering what that was about um that was I got booked out to do something for background work which I love doing so there you go uh where can I follow us in twitter and you know instagram twitter it's juicy we're doing a village cooking channel also I saw the title I was like Rick is going to love this just listen to this title ready mutton bone marrow mutton bone marrow I don't even know what that means like can you just cook mutton bone marrow sure well I know you suck it out and because you cook the mutton yeah but I don't like those like I'm looking at the frame here let's see it looks like I'm gonna do trigger warning for any of you who are vegetarian vegan and don't like to see this process because if you haven't seen any of our videos oh we love these they get in beautifully with camera and sound and everything else and it looks delicious and one of Rick's favorite thing is sucking the marrow out of uh oh my goodness right out of any anything I'm eating like that where you're stuck like sucking stuff out of stuff love sucking the marrow yep all right so this will be great love this channel if you haven't subscribed to them go subscribe to them now village cooking yeah this is our third one of theirs that we're doing they're a great channel we love love love them and the thing we love as well if you don't know this about them uh what they do at the end is all of this food is being fed to dozens and dozens of people so it's a old old home or a uh a children's uh shelter yeah here we go and this is the voice for your alarm clock in the morning that's the energy I have for food yep all right so they're obviously cutting it so that the marrow is exposed yeah they're cutting up all the little tips which would be at the joint bone the joint of the bone so that the marrow is exposed what is marrow I don't technically it's basically the life the getting stuff inside bone okay I guess something goes wrong with the marrow inside of bone the bone dies yeah look at that this is going to be like a stew that they're going to serve over rice and you'll be able to eat the meat but then primarily suck the marrow out they'll dump the marrow out at the end that has nothing to do with it so this kind of thing it's so soothing until he wakes up until he's like wait sizzling he's the dad of this guy right he's he'd have good cinematography I just put turn on the camera crap was it with the purple little thorns yeah never leave I know that's not the video it's about but let me know let me squat and give me a spoon baby seeing that and just freaking out right now I do that's so bad just sit down with those guys and just go add it like that I love that that dude that's me too I love that they do it and I love that they show it to us that was so good yeah we really should as you're saying that I'm thinking to myself I want to I don't know if we can sponsor a video look a little bit farther into that what does it say that's a number it's a phone number okay is there a link in there like a website you can go to for them where you could support maybe something online I don't know I did that I can probably contact a good guy's cooking channel anyway yeah that was good that does bone marrow always come out in one fell not necessarily no it depends on it depends on the bone marrow yeah it depends on the bone marrow itself and it depends on how big the piece is and it depends on how long that particular piece cooked uh sometimes you get big pieces like that I mean obviously the bigger the bone the more likely it is that it's going to come out it's okay uh depending on the on the seasoning and the kind of bone marrow because they all vary a little bit but it's really comparable say to it's a dark meat flavor and almost a liver kind of flavor as well okay so if you're not a fan of liver or dark meats you probably won't enjoy the taste of bone marrow yeah but it is crazy flavorful for just a small amount of protein yeah it's usually a very strong really delicious flavor and it almost always is like this perfect blend with the actual meat protein that was on the outside of the bone as well as whatever seasonings you have so it's just it's a cornucopia of flavors when you've got something like that you know yeah another great video uh please uh suggest uh more from them go subscribe to them once again and other food videos we should react to down below you


Mae'r sgwm iawn yn y taeth y mhwyfyr yn gweithio i gyd yn gennym gweithio'r dynnu, mae'n cymdeithas gael? Fe'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio a'n gweithio ar y maen nhw'n cymdeithio. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio yn gweithio, mae'n gweithio i'r maen nhw'n cymdeithio i'r maen nhw'n cymdeithio. Mae'n gweithio i'r cael ei wneud i'r clwrs oherwydd mae'n cymdeithio. Yn ymwysig, rwy'n rhoi chi'n gweithio'r ffyrdd o'i ddullus ar y teimlo i ddiweddol, amddwn ni'n fwyaf o'r stym ni, o'r dweud o'r rhan o'r trafnig. Tofa'r hynny, mae'n nifer o'r clwb a'r ŵl i'r ddweud o'i gwybod o'r cyffredin. Mae'n amlwg ffordd o'r blaen o'r pethau. Mae'n ddweud o'r llyfr yma. Nid oedd ymwysig i'r bobl yna, amser i chi'n gweithio'r ffordd o'r gweithio'r gael. y gallwn mawr. Mae'n ysgrifennu'n gwrthwydd. Rydych yn cael eu gymysgol fydd y celf yn ddigon. Ar gyfer ei diweddio'r gwrthwydd yn ddiogel y brifoedd arall mae'n gwleidio bod yn gwneud ar gyfnod o'r cyffredin. Ynqu'r gwnaeth, mae'r ll Georgia a'r ysgol yn fwyfynol. Mae'r lladhau wedi cael ei bod i'w cy reopenid. Mae'r lladhau yn cynnig oes o'u gennym ni'n gwrs a'i europech ac sy'n cael ei ddweud. I know most of the lads, my first stage there's not too many lads left now but the lads coming in they know what's expected, the gaffers made that clear from day one, all the staff made that clear, so yeah we're all working towards the same goal and it's been very enjoyable so far.  You have to work really hard every day and I think that's what the key to making city success last year was we worked probably harder than anyone else I think. It showed throughout the season but I think talent wise we've got the players to do it here but we just need to make sure that we work as hard or harder than any other team in league too. And just looking at some of the training particularly last week it's been tough and quite physically demanding, how much, how have you felt that and how do you think that's going to help us heading into next season? Yeah it's been very tough, I personally wouldn't be a very good runner, long distance wise I'd be more of the short stuff so pre-season to me is always a dread but it's something you have to relish it, you have to embrace it and just get on with it but as you say it stand by as the first season, the first couple of months it's all about getting your fitness levels but if you have them fitness levels they're already it's a massive bonus. And like you say on the light I know that the friendlies are just around the corner guys they're up first, how much are you looking forward to that?  Yeah exactly it's all well, training and doing running every day but you're just waiting for the balls to come out. I remember playing last year I think we were two different teams I think we got beat last year so it wasn't very good but now we know there will be strong sides, guysly, there will be a big physical side so it's something we'll have come across. And you know in league two and you know cup games stuff like that as well so yeah we're looking forward to it and we know it'll be a tough challenge.


Welcome, welcome, everyone, to our very first edition of Know Before You Go, a new broadcast briefing powered by JSA and telegeography. I'm your host, Jamie Scottokataya, CEO and founder of JSA. Know Before You Go, what is it? Well, it is a show that covers everything attendees should have on their radar. We're talking insider talking points to conference logistics before attending the next big industry event. And guess what, guys? We're here to take care of that conference prep for you. So, today's briefing, we are focusing on Datacloud USA 2023, taking place September 11th through the 12th in Austin, Texas at the Four Seasons Resort and Spa.  And of course, we are very happy to be joined by telegeography principal analyst Eric Kreifelt and this year's opening keynote speaker, Lee Kirby, our friend, chairman and co-founder of Salute Mission Critical. Hey, guys, welcome, welcome. Thanks for having us. Thanks for having us. We're just so excited, so excited. Eric and Lee, again, talking to us about the conversations that attendees can really expect in and around conference sessions. I can't think of two better people to get us up to speed on the headlines. You'll want to have a handle on before heading to Austin. All right. So, also, we are here joined by broad groups, Laura Edwards. Laura has some insider tips for making the most of Datacloud USA this year, her baby. Welcome, welcome, Laura. Thanks, Jamie. Great to be here. And so, Eric and Lee, we're going to put you guys in the hot seat first. Let's jump right in. As we are beginning the trends to know before you go section, Lee, I'm going to go ahead and start right with you. Can you share us a preview of what your opening keynote might be? You bet. It's on September 11, so everybody will remember that date and many dates in our history and give pause and thanks for those that have served. But I'm going to try and change the conversation to one of business because I think the act of hiring a veteran or a military spouse has an ROI associated with it far more than most realize. And what I'm hoping to do is give that ROI. I'll provide a couple case studies and have a business conversation about it because the case studies will show not only do you get it at the individual level, but the company itself will outperform the industry. And that's when you start seeing action rather than just feelings. Yeah. And I love that you began noting the conference beginning on September 11th as a New Yorker that lived there during that time. Our hearts are full. And thank you again for your work with veterans and as a veteran yourself, of course. Can you tell us a little bit about Mission Critical's mission to train and employ veterans, particularly in data centers? You bet. We started 10 years ago with the mission to be a bridge to the industry for the military community and establish the training programs and the operations. And we found out through the process that it was actually a great formula for business success because we knew what services we wanted to provide. And we got a workforce that was by far the best in the industry and it's shown in the market adoption. And just 10 years were over a thousand employees and it's been a great success. And that commercial success, I'd like to be used as an example for others to start the wave of hiring veterans and military spouses so that they can take advantage of such a great resource pool. So, so well said. And what a great mission. One near and dear to our hearts. And thank you for all you do. And I want to bring in Eric here and move to a topic that's been making headlines around the world and nearly every industry, and particularly ours, of course, AI. How is AI going to be part of the conversation this year? Yeah, AI, what's that stand for again? Yeah, artificial intelligence, of course, is that, do you think that you spent the summer reading any news at all? I mean, that's that's what's really been so predominant, not just in our industry either. I mean, just everybody has something to say about it, which is kind of gratifying that, yeah, we don't have just our little part of the world. You know, it's interesting, there's really two fundamental aspects of it. And the first part is sort of, I guess, what I find more intuitive is, you know, what is, you know, how is the data center industry and then the networking industry and general going to serve this wave of demand generated by AI and AI applications to basically to host all that storage and compute essentially. I mean, so that's the first fundamental factor. But the other is that AI also is driving applications that can make data center operation and network operation more efficient to handle that better.  But in that first section, you know, it's really, you wonder, and I'm sure this is exactly what we discussed at the conference among other things, which I think the opening, you know, right after the keynote, right after the lead session, I think that's the first session is on AI, I believe there's two of them, and they get to both of these dimensions. But one thing I'm curious about is, you know, is it just a lot more of the same, just a whole lot more growth in the data center business as we know it? Or are there going to have to be fundamental adaptations to accommodate AI specifically? So I'm sure that'll be part of the the dialogue and which also implies maybe that second part. I kind of want to defer to maybe Lee on some of that, you know, with the more operational view on what's going on there. And if you have any observations on either on both parts or you project that second part in particular. Absolutely. AI has been a great win for us from a business point of view because of the demand curve. But from an operational excellence point of view, we've been deploying AI in our operations to be able to capture the data that takes tons of work to do as an individual or as a team on site. But with AI incorporated into our CMS systems, we can capture all that data and trend it immediately. We can also use autonomous capabilities. And we're doing this with drones and robots to be able to go and gather the data rather than having a human walking around. And that data is immediately uploaded. So to me, it's the most exciting change in quite a while in the industry. And that capability that it's giving us in operations is going to give us the ability to scale with the demand because I've heard from our clients that there was half a gigawatt of leases taken down this year way off their projection of what their demand is. So those leases will result in builds will result in operations. So we're going to see this demand curve, I think, for quite a while. And it's exciting because it's both sides of the coin. It's going to drive more business, but it's also going to drive more efficient business. Couldn't agree more. And talking about efficiency and business, there's a topic that has been having some serious ramifications since the early days of COVID. We're talking supply chain. Are supply chains normalizing? Eric, you want to kick this off for us? Yeah, for sure. I mean, I think there's one way to frame it is I think we're seeing visibility into that normalization. Perhaps they're not normal yet. But you can kind of see the light at the end of the tunnel where you can see a path toward that normalization. And the market is starting to adjust to that or a resumption of some semblance of normalcy I think is a big part of that. And of course, maybe that depends on those different aspects of the market. I mean, honestly, that anecdote was really more tied to there's a lot of disruption in the transport part of the network and just being able to do cable upgrades and things like that. It had regional attributes, particularly in Asia, was very highly affected by that. But so there's a little bit of it depends as part of the answer. And again, I would maybe kick it back over to Lee for some specifics on some of the operational attributes and I guess what you're seeing on the ground. There's a few gating factors that people have to plan around. There's still the 18 to 24 month lead times on certain equipment. There's all kinds of things with the supply chain for some manufacturers to produce quicker than that they're used to. So we're seeing an uptick and quality assurance needs at the manufacturing level to make sure that the equipment comes off ready to be commissioned. There's also going to be some underlying things in the microchips. The return on investment for the five millimeter microchips that chip manufacturers started doing because of COVID is much better than the 60 millimeter which we guys that we need for commercial. So we need to get the chip manufacturers to refocus on what the commercial needs are, especially with AI coming at. And it's going to be at a cost to their business that they're going to need to be able to consume. So I think as an industry, we're going to have to push for that with that manufacturing capability. Absolutely. I couldn't agree more. And as we were talking supply chains, we sort of have to talk regulatory activity, right? What do you think regulators are doing in the major markets here in the U.S., like Ashbin, but also globally, Europe, Asia, places like Frankfurt, Amsterdam, Singapore, what's 2023-24 shaping up like? Harry? So yeah, it's really one of the bigger issues and it relates to the, honestly, the kind of the previous question, because another dimension of all that is energy availability. And that's really tied to a lot of the, I guess, kind of regulatory consternation such as it is, you know, in a lot of these places, that it is, yeah, it's just a big factor there along with just other fundamental things of just a pure lack of space. It's literally to run data centers in the conventional places where we would expect them to be, you know, a Singapore, for example, you know, which just recently lifted a moratorium that it had for, I guess, years, you know, on a new development and that's been lifted some, but clearly with criteria associated with that. And that's what ties into sort of that regulatory question.  But at the same time, we've also got the economic development attractiveness pushing things. And almost like what Lee was saying about certain kinds of chips, you know, it's like, you know, I know maybe a face value, it's not as attractive, but in order to move forward and get the benefit of AI and all that, you need to do those things. And a lot of those factors are sort of driving the different dynamics of regulatory environments.  But, you know, it's still a major factor that you can't take, take things for granted that you can keep doing what you were before. So yeah, you're definitely, definitely a lot of moving parts there. And I think the whole environment's going to be very fluid. You see them focusing on energy and real estate, I think we'll see them start focusing on air quality standards. That's why it's so important that we as an industry get together on sustainability standards so that we can be more self governing. But as our data centers get larger and larger, I think we're going to attract more and more attention. So there's more to come on the whole regulatory environment. But I think the more we can do to self govern and be as efficient from an energy point of view as possible, the better for our industry. You know, I couldn't agree with that more. We've worked on greener data together. So yes, absolutely. Now, let's shift a little bit of focus to the edge, something that got a lot of conversation, a lot of attention in previous years. Is edge still a thing or is network automation keeping us more centralized in the network? I know you guys are the pros here. Lee, I'll begin with you. Well, it is still a thing, but I think it's how do you define what that thing is. To some companies, the edge can be a regional data center to others. It may be a footlocker at the bottom of the cell tower, but the majority of the investment is still in the large hyper scale type data centers that's going into the industry. So I think edge is how you define it. And we're seeing a lot of applications. If you know what your latency and your distribution requirements are for the data, that's where the edge is going to be. And that can be a regional data center, or it can be a small modular device that you put out. So it's still a thing. It's just not as big a thing, I think, as the large data centers, which is okay with me. I think it's a fair view. I mean, I think of it, and I can corroborate much of what Lee said. It's a bit more conceptual, but I think of, I mean, the edge is somewhere along a continuum from, and I'll just go with the extremes. I mean, one is right here on your desk. And I need that storage and compute right here with custom hardware in my laboratory. And that's the only way this application is going to run. Or the other extreme, which is the cloud, the public cloud. And I can just ship off all my storage and compute there and have all that done there and get all the economies at scale and all the goodness that comes with it. Somewhere in between is the edge where you're kind of combining both of those qualities. You're closer to the end user where that's nested. Basically, you can measure that in latency if you're within a few milliseconds of, you know, for example, you can kind of use that as a figure of merit. Like, okay, I need to be within five milliseconds of this application. And the edge, it's a good way to define the edge, for example. But if you have those kind of, you know, so applications that fit that spot will make sense to do, but those that still need just, you know, just really bulk computing power that they can ship off or really specialize hardware that is on premises, that has not gone away. You know, and maybe there's a rebalancing and kind of a shifting of needs. And again, AI comes in, maybe that shifts things around. As Lee was saying, right now, the bulk of it is still out there in the cloud. And I think that's a fair observation. But there always has been, I don't know if it's a long tail, but there are others that have different attributes. And that may change. And maybe the edge becomes more of a thing or less of a thing. It's maybe it's also fair to say it hasn't really experienced its killer application that has made it, you know, disproportionately more in demand than other points on that continuum of application. Well, I am so glad we're recording on this, Eric, because finally I got a succinct definition of the edge. So thank you for that. We have covered such a lot of ground already, clearly in a short period of time, but I do have one final question for you both. Are hyperscalars running hot? Are they slowing down or just working through major investments that will resume? Are we bullish or bearish on the hyperscalars? What's what's going on there? Lee, I'll start with you. About a year ago, when the cost of capital changed, we got very conservative in our forecast and we thought it was going to be a slowdown. We were wrong. It's the pedal, the gas pedals to the floor and the hyperscalars are growing and investing like never before and I think AI has a lot to do with it and it's exciting to me because I'm way ahead of forecast so that makes me look good. Yeah, it's a tough to bet against them, you know, for sure.  It's just a lot of it, you know. And yeah, to bet on them kind of slowing down, they may be slowing down, but slowing down compared to what? You're compared to explosive growth, which is now huge and even it becomes a bit more incremental. That's on a huge base. And once again, relating back to AI, you know, who's really going to be, I guess, doing or hosting the AI? If a lot of it is at the hyperscalars, which makes sense, they already have a lot of capacity or a certainly a roadmap of, you know, data center capacity and other, you know, parts of networking and computing. So then it becomes a question like, okay, can they kind of handle it within that with large s or is there going to have to be that much more with a big unpredictability band around that? But yeah, probably wouldn't go with the, you know, the sky is falling one on that. Yeah, I'm hearing bullish embarrass from you both from each of you, but I think we're leaning more bullish and and that that sounds right to me. All right, guys. Thank you so much, Lee Eric for joining us for your insight. As always, we so appreciate you guys some really incredible insight that I'm sure attendees are going to just be so happy to have in advance of this amazing event. Now, let's go ahead and finish out this briefing with some insider tips for making the most of our time at data cloud USA. Next up in the hot seat is broad groups Laura Edwards. Laura, welcome to know before you go. Thanks, Jamie. Great to be here. We are so excited to have you. Of course, broad group, the creator, the producer of data cloud USA. So getting it straight from the horse's mouth, as I say, Laura, tell us what do you think attendees will be most excited to learn about during data cloud USA from an educational standpoint? Yeah, absolutely. As you've just heard from both Eric and Lila, there's so much happening in the data center space. So I think attendees will be excited to hear from many leaders in the industry, such as Lee and Eric across two days of content. And some of the topics that we will be covering will include how data centers are future proofing for generative AI, which I know they both mentioned earlier. It's a huge topic at the moment. We'll also be looking at secondary and tertiary markets, such as Portland and Phoenix. We'll have sessions focused on Latin American growth, and of course, investment trends, looking at the M&A landscape, and talent is also a hot topic as well. That's just a taster. So the full agenda is on our website so people can take a look there. Absolutely. Absolutely. And tell us a little bit about what type of companies you're expecting to see. Who's going to be there? Sure. So it really is the whole data center ecosystem. So we'll have data center operators, hyperscalers, vendors, finance, real estate, some enterprise. So yeah, it's a real mix that will be in attendance. I love that. I love that ecosystem approach to events. Absolutely. Something for everyone, if you will. All right. So what's new about this event? Because you are returning back to Austin on September 11th through the 12th, but what's different this year that we should all be watching out for? Yeah, absolutely. So I guess the main thing that's new is the location, although we're still in Austin. Last year we were in beautiful resorts on the outskirts in Barton Creek. However, we had a lot of feedback that people wanted to be downtown. I did venture downtown last year, so I can see why people wanted to be there. So this year we're delighted to be in the four seasons. So that's really exciting. And we also have launched a talent and tech initiative. This is headed up by Susanna Kass. So we will be inviting university students to attend for free. We'll be running some workshops and there'll be opportunity for mentorship as well. We are looking for support on this. So if anyone's interested in reaching out on mentorship or support for that, please do get in touch. Susanna Kass is extraordinary, one of the leading minds in today's sustainability movement. Such a great win there too. So I love, love, love that you guys are in collaboration there as well. What do you think attendees will have the best networking experience during this conference? What's going to really drive networking? Sure. So what we do say is half the work's done before you attend. So once people register, we will be sharing our networking app where people have the opportunity to see who's attending and reach out to arrange the meetings beforehand. We do advise people to do that and not leave it too late because people's schedules get full up. So I think that is essential. And then also we have many opportunities for networking at the event across the two days, including the lunches and we have a drinks reception. And for women attending, we will be co-hosting an event on the 10th of September, so on the Sunday with I'm Women. We launched this in Monaco with them and it was a great success. So we will be sending information about that shortly and we'll be having Haiti in the four seasons. So looking forward to that as well. Haiti in the four seasons.  My heart is full. All right. So can you share with us your top three tips for getting the most of this year's conference in a nutshell? Absolutely. So I already touched upon one of them, but I'd say sort of pre-event, arranging your meetings. I think that that's really important. Then we find that our events are very content focused. So people want to be in the conference room. So see what sessions we have taken place. See who you want to hear from well in advance. And then while you're there, ask questions. We find that having audience engagement is really valuable for everyone. And then I'd also say social media engagement as well, post in advance, see who else is coming so you can connect ready for the event. Love that. It couldn't agree more. All right. So I'm an attendee. I'm heading out. What is the best way for us attendees to keep up to date on the latest from Data Cloud USA leading up to our arrival? Sure. So we're always posting on social media. So LinkedIn, we're putting updates there, of course on our website. So you can just search for Data Cloud USA. We have a newsletter to stay up to date. And if anyone has any particular questions about the event, they can get in touch via email. So exciting. So exciting. There's certainly a lot of excitement for Data Cloud USA before we wrap up today. I just want to say thank you so much, Laura, for a phenomenal event in the four seasons. I'm already excited. It's already a success in my book. But before we do wrap up, can you share with us the plans that are on the horizon for Data Cloud conference series? You guys are picking the best locations all over the world. Yeah, absolutely. So we have many things planned for the next year and beyond. So a couple of weeks after Data Cloud USA, we have our Data Cloud ESG event taking place in Oslo. We're also in the plans for Data Cloud Global Congress. And that's moving to Cannes next year in June. And we also have plans for future launches as well. So watch this space. Love it. Love it. Love it. We will be there. We will be tracking your every move for sure. Thank you so much, Laura, for joining us and bringing the guys back. Thank you, telegeography principal analyst, Eric Kreifeldt, and opening keynote speaker and friend, Lee Kirby of Salute Mission Critical for giving us such great insight on the latest trend. Thanks, guys. Thank you. Thank you. And we should note, guys, to get all the details to prepare for Data Cloud USA, just like Laura told us, visit broad-group.com during the conference week. Use hashtag Data Cloud USA. And by the way, guys, we have a QR code too that will link right here to the registration page. And use the discount from JSA, JSA 10 to save 10% on your registration. So go ahead and use that QR code and it makes it a little easier to save. Also tune in the week of Data Cloud USA as JSA broadcasts live across multiple platforms, just like we're doing here today, but from the expo floor with interviews with top thought leaders like Lee. All right. In the meantime, follow both JSA and telegeography on LinkedIn or find out more on jsa.net and telegeography.com. Thank you, everyone, for tuning in to know before you go. And as always, happy networking, my friends.


Aloha, I'm Jay Fiedel, president of Think Tech Hawaii. Think Tech Hawaii Inc. is a Hawaii nonprofit corporation dedicated to raising public awareness and providing a platform for civil engagement. We strive to make every day better in hopes of making Hawaii a more vital, thriving economy and a more appealing home for future generations. We bring citizen journalists, hosts and guests together to cover news, events, issues and features in and affecting Hawaii and to promote in-depth education and engagement. With them, we produce shows focused on tech, energy, economic diversification and global awareness, the arts, law, healthcare, agriculture, sustainability and much, much more. Our shows are streamed live on ThinkTechHawaii.com and Facebook, uploaded to YouTube, published as podcasts on iTunes and broadcast on Olelo and OC16 Community TV. We're ThinkTech. We care about Hawaii and we want to do our part. Come watch us. Give us a hand and join us as a friend. Mahalo, I'm Jay Fiedel.


There's a difference between livings that you learn from your mistakes and livings that you do everything you can to avoid making them. Life in the latter will never take risks. Your drawbridge always raised as you cower behind the walls of your comfort zone, but life in the former, a life that embraces adventure with all its risky pitfalls and almost guaranteed mistakes, this is a life that opens the possibility for something new, something bold, something unexpected, something you didn't know was possible, something you always hoped might come to be. Creativity isn't for cowards, creativity takes a hell of a lot of courage.