Remember a hallmark card when you carry enough to send the very best The makers of hallmark greeting cards bring you Edmund O'Brien in Stephen Vincent Bonaise Oh, Halloran's luck on the hallmark playhouse Each week hallmark will bring you Hollywood's greatest stars in outstanding stories Chosen by one of the world's best-known authors the distinguished novelist mr. James Hilton Good evening ladies and gentlemen. This is James Hilton tonight on our hallmark playhouse We take pride in presenting a story by one of America's most distinguished writers Stephen Vincent Bonaise Whose death at the early age of 45 was a tragic blast to our time Already, however, he had written several stories which have earned for him an honored place in the history as well as the literature of America For Bonaise wrote with deep feeling about the growth and greatness of the nation And it is his interpretation of the virile threads that made the pattern of America which give his stories their distinctive flavor He loved to write about the plain people of America their day-to-day deeds and their heroes Tonight we have chosen a story called O'Halloran's luck in which the atmosphere of all Boston and the expanding West are happily combined And another thing that is particularly appropriate for us to remind ourselves is that Bonaise was one of the first American writers to write directly for the radio and some of his contributions to this medium have made radio history Well, we're now about ready to start and we're privileged to present Edmund O'Brien as O'Halloran Frank Goss, will you take over for a moment, please? Thank you, Mr. Hilton Ladies and gentlemen for a Christmas greeting your friends will long remember Make your selections now from the complete hallmark collection on display at the friendly store where you buy hallmark cards Whatever your taste whatever your budget you'll take special pride in sending hallmark cards And on the back of every one is the identifying hallmark that says you cared enough to send the very best Hallmark Playhouse starring Edmund O'Brien in Stephen Vincent Bonaise O'Halloran's luck It was my grandfather to Boston He came by steerage just after the middle of the last century a farm boy in his early 20s Braving the Atlantic to come to the new world to regain the long-lost O'Halloran luck And make kitty Malone his wife As the shore of Boston came in sight and then at streets and houses Tim wondered which of the precious buildings held his darling kitty our kitty has a fine talent Yeah, she was never meant to be a servant girl married to mr. Boyle. She won't be he's got money in the bank God willing it'll be a fine match old kitty and mr. Boyle I mean It's me all right Tim or Halloran only two hours off the boat and straight to the Malone's I came You shouldn't have barged in like this, but Mrs. Malone sure. I've crossed the Great Ocean to have kitty for me wife You're white how old kitty of course since we were children back in clan melly. Everyone knew we were for one another Tim or Halloran without so much as a penny to your name or a job talking about marriage kitty at last Tim Malone have you no shame and with your intended mr. Boyle sitting in the parlour show them to me kitty I'll toss him to the street not so fast me book Let me talk to Tim alone that you may do kitty so long as you tell O'Halloran straight out You've got a chance to marry mr. Boyle and end your days of slavery as a house servant on Beacon Street Come alone Don't look at me like that Tim It's they who want I should marry mr. Boyle, but you I I don't understand Servant girl Slaven with mop and bucket in the new world. It's true. I'm a maid servant The new country isn't like what they said back in clan melly. There's work to do hard work work People work here in America She didn't the section of the parish home tell us the streets of Boston were paid with gold and and riches were to be had for the Ask they were wrong Tim. There's no gold here without work then Then you mean a man must have a job I a job Tim, but there's lots of work darling If that's the case with you here in Boston, there's no jobs in Boston Tim You'll have to go to the prairies the prairie out on the prairies them that's built in the railroads is hungry for strong Irish Arm and leave you here with mr. Boyle I promise You'll find all Halloran's luck out there and come back for me. Oh Halloran's luck It may be hiding out there in the prairie You'll wait kitty I'll wait I promise you I'll go then kitty to the prairie for a job built in the railroads I pray for you I'll be back for you kitty dear When I find all Halloran's luck Life in this murderous prairie log and rails. What have I got to show for it? Give me three cards, and I'm raising you $10. I'll see you. That's $34.   Oh tonight. I know it's true or Halloran's luck will never be found I'm walking back to camp walking while you freeze to death, and what if I do freeze?  There it is again. It's not the cry of wolves What's this? What's this a little shoe a shoe with a silver buckle? Sure if this was happening in the old country, I'd swear it was a Leprechaun shoe and start looking for the part of gold Be the piper that played before Moses am I daft I thought I heard a voice speaking a child But your voice is old Ancient clothes and shoemaker boy faith and believe you've come to find oh Halloran's luck for me I hear a man stop your silly talk and lift me out now then Where I find my pot of gold worship for leprechaun Put your worship by all the legends of Ireland a leprechaun should show his mortal finder a pot of gold Look at me tattered clothes or Halloran and these cheeks hollywood hunger and stop bothering me about your pot of gold Here here get inside my coat Highness tell me tell me how you came to be here on the Fries and prairie of America. It is a sad story that befell me. I was lazy Brian I hated work and lay a bed with six tall harp is playing for me St. Patrick laid a curse upon me for me laziness and changed me into a leprechaun Until I serve the servant of servants serve the servant of servants its centuries I've been looking but never yet have I met the servant of a servant until I do. I'll never be free But tell me what are you planning to do with me? You're a great responsibility But since you asked for help you must have it come I'll take you back to the railroad camp Well, let's see now. I I could say you were my boy. Never you Rory With this long beard I'll take care of that come back to the camp the bunkhouse and my razor More strokes.  We're short of a water boy. Oh, you'll sign him in O'Toole I'll watch out for him with the crew think about the morning now. Keep quiet. Good night Give me six backbreaking days of work each week and on Sunday. You wash your shirt Oh, never not me. It's not for work. I came from Ireland. Oh, you'd rather be with the wolves Rory In a moment James Hilton will return to present the second act of Steven Vincent Bonaise. Oh, Halloran's luck starring Edmund O'Brien How would you like to have one of America's foremost artists paint your Christmas card this Christmas a card? So unusual that your friends will show it to all who visit them during the holiday season In this year's gallery artists series hallmark craftsmen working with 54 most artists have created a unique and exclusive collection of priceless art from which you are invited to make your personal selection Among the many to choose from our colorful winter scenes by Grandma Moses the farm wife You read about in last week's copy of life magazine the one who became a famous painter when she was 76 And whose painting philosophy is what's the use of making something to hang on the wall if it isn't pretty? This grand old lady of American art has had a lifetime of Christmas experiences in her beloved New England And in these fine hallmark cards she recaptures the childhood excitement that most grown-ups only recall The first winter snow the steeple churches the red barns the horse-drawn slays You'll find a variety of delightful Grandma Moses cards to choose from to have imprinted with your name or to purchase by the box For your personal signature and remember these are hallmark cards when your friends receive them and look on the back as you did They'll see the hallmark and know you cared enough to send the very best And now we return to James Hilton and Steven Vincent Beniz. Oh, Halloran's luck starring Edmund O'Brien Big Tim Oh, Halloran has left his sweetheart kit him alone in Boston to seek his fortune working on the railroad being built across the prairie Instead of finding his luck Oh, Halloran encounters a leprechaun who needs help Shaving off the hungry leprechaun's long white beard Oh Halloran dresses him as a small boy Passes him off as his nephew and gets him a job as a water boy Enjoy it while you can Rory the foreman's waiting for us out at the end of the line where to start the new section That's going to be misery the new section. Now. How do you know it's going to be misery? Those fools of surveyors laid out the new section of the line where there's hidden springs of water Under the right of way what and when we start to dig in the road bed, oh There'd be the devil to pay and how do you know about the hidden springs Rory for centuries has listened to the waters running underground True a leprechaun can hear hidden water, but but what shall we do shift the new line half a mile to the west? strike a hard roadbed Here we are Rory the new section Could I have a word with your tool it may save us some trouble trouble the only kind of trouble I know is the kind oh Halloran make now in the new section. We're starting. There's water hidden springs under the right away And I suppose you've got a near of a leprechaun to know such when the engineers have approved it themselves mark my words or tool It's true. There are springs and you'll do well by yourself tell in the engineer. I'll do just that I'll tell him the grave cloud of an engineer Tim.  Let me McGinnis. Good night. Oh, you're getting too steady for good company What do you mean telling them as me you're teaching to read it yourself is learning the words Oh, get to bed your black tongue grascal. What am I to do sit and watch you? You could be thinking of the ways and means of carrying the steel rails faster and easier like I asked Well, you're saying you know now well if the engineers would have the steel rails move faster Let them use two donkeys one at each end two such beasts and carry five times the Lord of humans And you know where of your speak with me own eyes Didn't I see the donkeys fetch the great stones to the hills of Ireland centuries ago when the castles were built for the kings? Come in. They caught it in and clay knee the engineer I the foreman told me about you're saying our new section was surveyed overhead and springs the clever work Oh Halloran you save the company a lot of time and money and they should be shown some gratitude Rory Me little nephew Rory, Mr. Cain. Well, how do you do sonny? Oh, I want you to take over gang five tomorrow gang five Well, you mean that's right.  It can be never you come with me. I I have to look after he certainly can Thank you, sir. Uncle Tim. Why don't you tell Mr. Cainy? How you figured out the way to carry steel rails faster and easier? That's something I want to hear go ahead. Oh, I Don't you're an infidel? How can you sit there laughing when you know the memory of kitty hangs like doom on me?  Sorry, Mrs. Malone, but it'll all be quiet in a minute Oh, don't the shame of you're trying to give your daughter to a horse car conductor and she might be married in a Future railroad president for a road president What's it a show for honest talk? I asked this mr. Malone a new contract and this bank book. I'm I'm a real Perhaps you'd be more comfortable talking you and kitty In the in the kitchen. I'll take care of boy, but this day would never come Hold me since the day. I walked out of here two years ago Really found Oh, Hannah and luck and by yourself that be it's late Kitty darling. There's one thing I forgot to tell you. It's this child kitty dear I I forgot to tell you this is my nephew Rory that lives with me. How do you do Rory? Welcome to Boston Won't you have a bit of cake? Thank you kitty. I will hold your tongue Yes, Rory Desire that will be your aunt. Oh, you know it's not good I'm thinking you'll make a good home for us once you're used to me ways Rory The way it's to be Tim. That's the way it's got to be kitty Rory is is my responsibility But you're free to say you'll not have me will you live with us Rory? But we'd be glad to have you kitty you're sure of course you sure thank you kitty Malone. Oh, Halloran to be and you're lucky.  I want another piece of cake I should break into bits for speaking like that.  What if she was who thinks the worst of that? Oh, not I For I've learned about mortal labor since coming to this country. It's a noble thing Do you intend to serve this wife of yours and honor her through the days of your wedded life? That is my intention.  Oh, Halloran. I must go to help him Oh, there'll be a terrible space in my heart for you. Good day to you Tim. Not goodbye. Oh, I've not the heart to bear it No, no, it is not goodbye Tim When you christen your first barn I'll be at his cradle and so with your sons sons and their sons For all Halloran's luck has just begun He's gone But no Halloran's luck is found for keeps Kitty I Forgot to tell you the strangest thing of all that happened to me while I was gone About Rory I About Rory It seems One night when I thought you'd gone forever I Was walking all alone down the clearing that was my grandfather Tim's story of how he found his opportunity in the new world When he became the president of the railroad, he named his private car the leprechaun For that matter they say that when he took his business trips a Small boyish fellow would turn up from nowhere at some odd stop or other and he'd be let into the car at once Well, the great of the railroad world were kept waiting in the vestibule and after a while they say Sure, they'd be singing from inside the car In a moment James Hilton and Edmund O'Brien will return But first may I invite you again to see the new Hallmark Christmas cards now on display at the friend They store where you buy hallmark cards If you prefer to select cards to individually fit each one on your list You'll find a hallmark card that says just what you want to say the way you want to say it There are fascinating hallmark albums from which to select cards for imprinting with your name And there are the many boxes of assorted hallmark cards to take care of last-minute editions Yes, whatever your taste whatever your budget there are hallmark cards You'll take special pride in sending and remember when your friends receive them and look on the back as you did They'll see the hallmark and know you cared enough to send the very best Now here again is James Hilton. I think you ladies and gentlemen will agree with me that Mr. Edmund O'Brien did a Splendid job as O'Halloran in Stephen Vincent Bonaise O'Halloran's luck Mr. O'Brien on behalf of all those who make hallmark cards I want to thank you and Dan O'Hurley who took the part of the leprechaun for treating us to such outstanding performances Thank You mr. Hilton I like very much being here with you you see you people in the hallmark playhouse have said such high standards that you Make it very attractive to be here. I Might say though that your habit of doing things well doesn't surprise me not when I realize that hallmark had the reputation for fine Greeting cards long before there was radio We are happy indeed if you feel we're carrying on in the hallmark tradition And now that you've expressed yourself as liking the things that bear the hallmark name We think you'll like what we have in store next week when we present our radio version of Mary O'Hara's memorable story my friend Flicka Starring the popular young motion picture actor and winner of a special Academy Award Claude Jarman, Jr. Until next Thursday then this is James Hilton saying good night Tonight story was adapted for radio by George Corey with music composed and conducted by Lynn Murray Our director producer is D angle back Edmund O'Brien will soon be seen in the Warner Brothers Technicolor production fighter squadron Look for hallmark cards that are so lonely in stores that have been carefully selected to give you expert and friendly service remember Hallmark cards when you carry enough to send the very best This is Frank Goss saying good night to you all until next week at the same time when James Hilton returned to present Mary O'Hara's my friend Flicka starring Claude Jarman, Jr. This program came to you from the Hallmark Playhouse. This is CBS the Columbia Broadcasting System


Hello, guys. Myself is Vandana Salve. I have been working with electronic systems like almost more than 20 years. I've done driver development for various subsystems like networking, embedded devices, ARM, SOC boards, and various kernel subsystems as such. And I'm also been recently getting involved with open source presentation. This is like my fourth presentation in open source submit as such. And this time, I decided to do some ramp on sessions for the newbies and the presentation who would want to know about the kernel tracings as such. So my today's talk, I am going to cover the basic tracing tools and utilities that we can get started off with as such. So the overall agenda is like I plan to cover up the tracing tools like S-Race and F-Race as such. And then understand what are the different options that are available with those tools and how it is helpful for tracing and debugging the applications as such. So just to get started with what is tracing as such. So basically, tracing helps us to log information over the program's flow as such. And to elaborate, it's like when we add the print messages into the code as such to debug the flow as such. So what we are basically doing is like we are adding our own tracing system altogether. And as the project goes development as for the requirement and how the product flow goes on, the debug prints can be added. And all these debug messages, they are the static trace point as such. And it works for a particular project, but it won't be, it is not very scalable as such. And for that, instead of having the individual or static tracing system, what a project can do is like use the tools that are already available that can help for later analysis as well as to store the log and then work on those logs to understand the analysis of the code flow or to debug the code or to get most other stakes from that execution of the programs. And that's where these tools, S-trace and F-trace, are useful. So what is S-trace? What S-trace is and how it is useful for monitoring and debugging as such. So basically, this tool is to trace system calls and signals that are being used in the system call that are part of the application as such. And this tool, the back end, it has been implemented using the P-trace system call, which basically does the work of tracing the live processes. And how do we decide when to use this S-trace? Like what kind of answers it gives to the questions like what are the different system calls that are implemented in the application or what are the files that are been touched by that application? And along with that, the information, like for a particular system call, what are the input parameters in arguments that are there, that are being passed? And what are the written values that are coming from, what is the result of the system calls? Like whether it was successful or whether it failed and if it is failed, what are the different causes or the reason for that system call failure altogether? And so here we are talking with the system calls like system calls are the ones that are being used by the application, user space applications. And basically, they are the mechanism to go and talk to the kernel that does the higher priority work altogether. So whenever the application wants to go and talk to the hardware or to the kernel, it goes to this system calls. And based on the different resource management, there are different system calls altogether, like more than 400 system calls that are present in the Linux kernel. And if we want to get more details, then we can do a man page on sys calls as such. Unfortunately, some issues with my laptop where I was planning to show you the demos and go through the execution that I would not be able to do it right now. So it would be more verbal things that I would be presenting as such. So the system calls that have been used in the applications, they are not directly the system calls, APIs as such. But rather they are like the wraparound functions that are part of the standard library, libc as such. So basically, the applications that goes and makes the calls into the wrapper function that is part of the libc standard library. And the standard library goes and talks with the kernel interface that goes and actually executes the system calls. So what does this library wraparound function does is like it packs the system call arguments altogether into the registers and puts the unique system call number and then flips the application which is executing user mode to the kernel mode. And then the kernel mode, then the remaining part is gets executed into the kernel space as such by executing the corresponding system call handler. And each of these different system calls, they are being identified by the unique system call number. And the kernel maintains the table or indexes the system call handler based on the system call number as such. And here in this case, like when the system call gets executed in the kernel, it would return back. It will perform its operation and then correspondingly based on the execution flow, it will return back the written values and whatever the written output that has to happen. So OK, so S-rays interprets and records the system calls which are called by the process. And also it also interprets the signals if the applications are receiving the signals. And basically, when the output of the S-rays is like it outputs the information in a symbolic form as such, like it gives the system call names, its arguments, and what is the written value. Again, like if the system call is passing the input parameters which has a number of different flags as such. So those flags, if there are multiple flags, then whatever the bit mask or together that everything is displayed, so that you get to see if a particular. Now, here in this case, the example that I've took is the open system call. Here the application basically is opening this libc file, that .so.6. And for that open system call, the flags that are passed is like real only and close exact. So these are the input parameter that goes to the open system call. And then the last parameter that equal to 3, it's like the written value. The open system call when we make there, we expect when it's successful, it returns the file descriptor. So here in this case, this is the number 3 is the file descriptor, that is the written value of the open system call. Now, if the system call has not been successful, then it returns the error, that is minus 1. And a corresponding error number has been set as such. So here in this case, if you take the access first line, here in this case, it is not successful. And the reason is that this particular file, preload file does not exist. That is no such file or directory. That is the corresponding text string corresponding to the error number that has been written as part of that system call execution. And along with that, like if the particular system call is using passing a structure as such. Structure has a lot of members fields in that case. All that structure and its contents can also be seen as part of the output of this S trace comma. So here in this example, f star does not have that. So it's not seen. But basically, let me see if I have another example. In that case, we'll see that if there is. OK. So here in this case, I wanted to show with a small example, like Hello World program that is right. Now here in this case, we see the example, which is a simple printf statement, which would do the work of outputting that string on the standard output as such. So when we execute, when we want to go and press this program as such, what all system call that has been used by this particular application. Now here in this application, we see we are directly not using any system call as such. The printf is the function. Basically, it is not a system call, but it's a library function, which is part of libc. And the difference between system call and the library function is library functions. They are implemented as part of libc. And they might be implemented within the libc itself, or they might go and make a call to the system call as such. So here in this case, when we do strace after compiling this program as such, what basically we see is that now when we are first, the first line of this strace is the exact v, which is like the shell is loading this hello program as such. And loading into that, that's where this exact v comes into picture. And the input parameters, that is the program that is getting executed along with the other parameters that that particular system call takes as such. And when you see the output of the strace, it contains a lot of system calls other than the exactly the code that has been implemented. So basically, those are the set of system calls that are, I don't have the detail log as such. But that is there to load the shared libraries, like application one it is executing. Now we are in the hello world, there is nothing we are much using as such. So there is not, but still it will be loading the shared Lipsy library and the corresponding any libraries that it is there. And then eventually at the end, what we see here in this case, we see that Lipsy has been opened and its contents are being read, loaded into memory. And then there is a write system call that is going. And if you see the parameters of the write system call is like it is using the file descriptor one that is started output. And this string that is hello world string that is there, that is the second parameter to the write system call that is the buffer, the static buffer. And the number of bytes that would be read. So the printf eventually has gone and made a call to the write system call. So that's where when we do a strace on this application, hello world application, we would see this. And then there is another system call that is exit group, which is, which has been called by the exit library function that is there to successfully complete the execution of the program. So here in this case, what to just to summarize that is the strace output shows the name of the system call, what are the input parameters that have been passed and the return value. So here in this case, this for the write system call, this 12 is the number of write, basic functional write is like it returns the number of bytes that has been written. It's either to the file, here the file is a standard output. So the hello world is that contain, that is the 12 number of bytes as such. And in case of error as such, like here in this case, we see that it displays the corresponding error string as such. So this is what we talked about. So basically like the small hello world program that boiled down to two system calls, like is write and exit group as such. So here the strace is just tracing the program that has been given as the input parameter and we're just logging the strace log by the minus o option. Now another thing is like if the application has a child process, so by default strace does not traces the child process as such. So that if the application has to be traced with a child process, it has to be traced then that can be done with this minus f option. And okay, so here is this simple program where we create one child process using the fork system call and then just print the ID, PID process ID of the child process in the child process as such. And the parent process is just waiting for the child process to complete as such. So when we do a strace on that, on this particular application, here's a simple output that says that it just shows the parent process ID and the child process ID. But like if you look into the strace log of that child, in that case what we see that the output shows the process ID like the instruction that are being executed by the parent process and the child process as such. So here we see there are two PIDs that is 2946 and 2947. So 2946 is parent process and 2947 is the child process. So each line of the trace, it has been prefixed with the corresponding PID. And here we are in the application we use the fork call. So fork is basically a wrapper function that basically goes and calls the clone system call inside the kernel. So that's where we see this clone system call. And then in the application, here the parent process is just waiting for the child process to complete. So the weight is again a library function wrapper or function which around this weight for system call as such. So here we see that the weight system call has been called. And here you see like 47 in that case the instruction that is this PID of the child is executed it prints that. It's basically not just printing that one statement as such. Then again the parent process it is waiting and then after the child gets terminated it resumed back as such. And also you can see from this is like the parent process received the sick child signal. Like when the child process completed it sends the signal back to the parent process. And that signal capturing information about signals are also been captured as part of this S trace. S trace will also capture the signal so that as received by the process. Now we are in this first example what I have the exa deco this is simple application but it can it can receive the input parameters like if you want to execute some different function by the child process that it will do through this EXIVI. So here in the first example the input was not given but like if we again execute the same process then giving the command or the application PWD to be executed by the child process. So here in this case I have just the snippet of the trace as such but that will help to explain that okay. So here in this case 30 16 is the parent process and the 30 17 is the again the child process. So here again the okay. So here in this case EXIVI is like if you look at this input parameters it shows that in the name of the process and the parameters that are been passed. Like here we are passing this been PWD as one of the parameters. So those are all things and here one more thing is like in the S trace along with minus V I've also given minus V option that is verbose. Like if you want to basically by default the S trace abbreviate does not shows all the all the number of parameters it just abbreviates them. So if you want to have the detail information like here by giving minus V verbose option we can see that the third parameter that has been part is the environment. So what are the different environment variable that goes to goes when a new process is created and executed all those things all that information is been captured when we go to for a more verbose mode with minus V option okay. And yeah so here again then the closed system all that creates the process and when the child process execute first it prints the PID okay and then it calls the AXEV as such. Now here in this case the AXEV is like we have given the input parameter that PWD that is print the working directory. So that particular application will be executed and it just prints the working directory as the output as such okay. So this way a child processes can be traced with the help of the airstrace with specifying the option as such. So along with that there are different filters that can be used for tracing as such. Like if you are in a given scenario like if you suspect that there are some particular system calls that are been given problematic as such. So in that case by default the airstrace gives the flow traces all the system calls as such but if you want to do trace only a specific system calls then those can be specified with minus E option just give the N number of system call that you want as the output of the airstrace rather than every other every system call that as part of the application as such. And again like we can categorize we can do the tracing based on the category like if you want to trace only the system call that are taking file name as an argument as such like the system calls open, start, drunk or change mode all those things. So that can also be specified with minus minus E trace equal to file that is a file category. Similarly like if you want to trace the system calls involving process management all the process management system calls then which are like clone, AXEV, wait for, XZSS all the process related information that tracing can be done with specifying trace equal to process. Then similarly for the network related system calls the system calls that is socket, buy and listen, accept, send message or lessons if you tend to say that there is some problem with the network flow or trying to debug a network performance as such and those things corresponding system calls can be traced separately by giving these filters. Similarly we have the filters for memory management as such. I would have been really happy like to show this demonstration of those things but I don't have that access so unfortunately that we would not be able to see but these are the commands that can be used through which we can see like when you case of memory management like MAP system call or MLOC system call MPROT those system calls traced can be collected. Also like you can do filtering based on the path name or filtering based on the signals that have been captured by the applications. And similarly like if you had to trace a particular life process PID then that can be specified by minus P option. Again like as for the security rules that you can only trace the process that are owned by you as such. And to get the overall summary of the system call we have this nice option called minus C option which gives the overall execution time the counts time as well as number of system calls that number of instance a particular system call has executed and the overall report of that application what are the different system calls and how much time it took. Now I just took this map shot of this LS command that is executed. So here it shows that these are the number of system calls that are been made. A map called 19 times and so on. And again like if a particular system call has failed then those are been the count has also been shown here. So this helps to give the overall stats status of the application that is running. With the again this having this time information helps to understand like what particular system call whether it has incurring any latency or as such. So that summarizes the S trace as a tool to collect the information and use for the further analysis. Now let's look at another tool that is the F trace. F trace is the function tracer that is part of the Linux kernel which was added sometime back in 2008 by Stephen Rostin and the development and evolve. It has been evolving since then as such. So basically it's a function tracer. Let's let you watch and record the execution for of the kernel functions. Here in S trace what we from the application we can see only the system calls execution flow but like if you're if you want to get into deeper into the current functionality and see what particular current functions what the status of that in that case F trace is useful. So what it can do is that it you can trace the function calls and find out which system calls are called when you run particular application and it can also profile application with the measure execution time and find out the bottlenecks as such. So let me, okay. So to use F trace like the F trace is built will be useful when it is built with this GCC minus PGA option that is performance which allows when minus GCC is like it allows to prevent the machine instruction to the prologue of every function a non-enlightened function. And with that it has to redirect the execution of the F trace so my time for planes or the plugins that are being implemented, okay. And when this tracing is enabled when the tracing in a enable it will generate the trace events and the data as such which can be collected or collected and stored by the F trace in the ring buffer in the kernel ring buffer. And all that info data is available through the virtual file system they call as a word stress Fs file system which will be available. Basically it has to be mounted and that's the usually it sets in this is kernel tracing path as such. So that's where it provides that is the interface that can be used by the application to do the tracing altogether. And as it is like there's interface is a file system interface then basically it helps to provide the simple file operations and tools like echo and cat to interface with that framework. So here's another snippet I've taken that is we mount the file stress Fs onto this CIS kernel tracing path and if you look into that it shows the different files that are there that is the interface to the F trace as such. So what with the help of the F trace what can be traced us? So we can trace the kernel events and the different traces. So the events kernel events they are they can be static or they can be dynamic like static events in the kernel that provides the various data and it's like it comes with a lower overhead as such but the drawback is like the trace code is limited and it is like the it is defined at the build time as such and the events can be dynamic that is by using k probes implemented through dynamic probes injected at runtime. And this kernel events they are broken down into different categories or groups like the events from for the scheduler subsist scheduler as such or networking subsystem member power management or interrupt as such. Based on this you can apply different filters to get the events for schedulers or networking or inter management as such and as they are built in the kernel defined or implemented in the as a build time function you can just if you just grab onto trace underscore you'll see like lot of trace events are being added in the kernel for the various subsystems as such. And traces are another that is provided specific functionality like by specifying the filters to trace only the functions or function graph as such in that case traces can be used. So here just to show you about how the events can be used means first is enable the events like we echo right one into this switch. Now here in this case particularly I've taken the example of scheduler switch when of the process switching takes place and if you want to trace all those kind of events then in that case we go and write one into this particular switch scheduler switching enable flag as such and then by using the kernel buffer as we see that ftrace logs all the events into the kernel buffer ring buffer as such and that ring buffer can be read through this trace file. So you can just do a cat or less on that trace trace or trace pipe these are the files through which all that ftrace output is seen as such. So here in this case particular snippet here it shows all the information it tracks events information whenever context switching or process switching is happening all that are being captured. And here particularly to understand what exactly this information like here it is giving the process ID and this is the name then the PID on which processor it is CPU it is executing and then which is the previous process Prevcom is the name of the previous process that is executed it's PID and other information all together. So what all this format that information we can see from this another file that is even format what all that information is exported or been available. So here in the format file it shows that what are the different fields what this different fields corresponds to as such. Okay. And here again in one of the yeah so here in this case there is one one field called as the state field that contains the information the process state as such. So here in this case we see that what is the different state where the process in the sleeping state or the other states and like if you want to get the information what are the different process states like if you can do a PS command it will show you the process states the different flags as such. Or moreover if you do a band page on PROC AFS it also provides the detailed information what this X means what T means and the different values altogether. So from this that helps us to understand like what are the things that are going during the process contact switching. Okay. Now this the that was the output that we get from the after is as such. So basically to get that information the event that is that is causing like here in this case again we are still talking about the switching function as together. So here in the scheduler this is the address event that gets called that is trace schedule switch which generates those events as such. Okay. Now this now if as a current developer or as a subsurface thing when you want to implement this events as such for monitoring that flow or such. So that whole implementation is supported with help of the trace event macros as such. So the trace event macros has to be implemented into that code flow as such. And so this is like particularly I just taken a snapshot from the schedule.hcd file where this particularly trace event is there been defined for the schedule switch event as such. And if you want to explore more and know how that has that can be implemented then there is sorry it's not a sample spelling mistake is happened. So it's a sample directory the trace events in that directory we have some sample code. You can take a look at that and compile and see how that trace even macros are being implemented and that can be used as a starting point to implement further into your drivers or current subsystem wherever you want to. Okay now that was about the current events and let's look at the traces. So traces define the functionality inside the kernel for tracing functions or enabling latency tracing as such. Again now here in this case to enable the tracer like suppose a function tracer in that case so what we have to do is we have to echo the function into that current trace. So by default it is not there is no tracer been unable. So here by using this echo function what you are doing is basically enabling the function tracer okay. So once that is done okay. So here and once it is there then you can check the events by using the by doing cat on this trace or cat trace or cat trace pipe as such where you would see all the current functions that are been executing at that moment okay. So in this thing there is a line that shows that when the schedule switch is getting got executed as such okay. So another okay here in this function we see the functions that are been executed. Now with the help of this graph function graph tracer that allows it shows the code flow as such that it not only traces the function entry but also the return of the function means it shows the complete flow how the function that is getting executed and the output is in like C code style information with the time duration that each of this function has taken the time for execution okay. So this helps us to see if there is any bottlenecks or the delays taken by particular code as such or functions as okay. I mean those were pretty straightforward like function or function graph as such. Again that there are multiple filters that are available for like tracing for filters for a particular setting by PID or other particular function like suppose you are implementing some driver RDC driver or something. So you want to trace only those functions as such so that can be set up with the F trace filter options as such okay. And similarly now this again like going for the particular subsystems like scheduling or networking based on that set those filters and then collect the trace information okay. So here events just to summarize the traces events and traces, events are the static points as traces add functionality dynamically and you can have your own options as such and again traces can also include the events as such. And the dynamic events they are same as the static but they are not created with the trace event macro as such. They are injected through the breakpoints and Cape Probes is one of the framework that has been used and this I write I don't plan to go into much into Cape Probes as such so I'm just putting up the information that you can look at those documentation as such or to get to know more about the Cape Probes but that is the main framework that is as a background for the dynamic events as such. And this is just to summarize like the F trace is the kernel framework that is there and okay so this is the trace command is the front end to the F trace like you can use that by the application again it's been devled by Steven Ruskin and that's I think that's the time up so I would stop over here. Any questions I could take on.


What's up guys and gals Lane here with late in sports cards. We're ripping 2023 tops chrome update baseball breakers delight 10-box case break number two pick your team style. I'm gonna go over your teams and we'll get ripping Alex H with the Pirates blue jays and Washington Andy a with the Dodgers David y with the with the Mets Dean e with the Padres Ed B. Phillies Gregory M. Braves Jeffrey hand with the Yankees Jeffrey had our haze with the Royals Jesse T with the Astros Josh H with the Mariners Judson C with the Guardians Justin. Oh with the Cubs Liz C with the twins Michael K with the Rays Nathaniel S. White Sox Peter and Diamondbacks Peter M. Cardinals Peter a with the Red Sox Robert B. Rangers Ryan B. Tigers Steve G. Orioles and Reds Tim T. Angels Tim W. Brewers Tyler P with the Rockies Vaughn B. Giants and Marlins way Ming H with the athletics those are your teams Here we go. I think I saw that one Cameron. Was it on eBay for a while? There's a KD one-of-one draft picks on eBay That's at like $500 OVO. I don't know what year it's from. I do not know what year it's from unfortunately Happy release day Enrico You're just in time for the last break Tyler NT was over on fanatics live this morning with forest and then it'll be starting at 5 p.m. With Sam I Got to rip. No NT. We were just ripping tops chrome update here in the morning session here We got a ton of fun stuff over on fanatics live though with forest. I think he might be done now I would think so Playback you have to wait for the stream to end and then go to our page. It should be on there Jason Hayward Matt Mervis G-man Choi Cooper Hummell Waka waka Gotcha. I didn't know what year it was Cameron Ryan Feltner See first one Gold Titans Joey Vado think they're 139 no 33 he said hobby. Oh Yeah, hobby is 139 Joey Vado about the breakers like it's different Kyle Lewis negative Yuri Perez for the Marlins. There we go Vaughn radiating rookies go Vaughn Radiating it won't focus Cameras jacked up today. Yeah, it's awful Yuri Perez DL Hall Franklin Hermann Purple and Randy Vasquez on the base We'll see if that helps. I'll try that for sure. I will try that. Thank you Brian Rock you Brian Rock you Christian posh Masha Masataka Yoshida He's so good Justin. I agree Zach Effler. Thanks for man Hunter Renfro and Arcea. We mag the one yesterday. Okay. I figured just this year in one red Reese McGuire on the magenta purple Yuri Perez blue green lava lamp Marlins have a break already Devin Williams on the magenta Dylan died youth quake Oreos Shintaro Fuji Nama on the blue auto. Nice. There we go Baltimore. Yeah, thank you Blazin for the recommendation there And drew waters Purple speckle auto for the Royals. That was a great box.  He only has the inserts and autos Yeah, they'll all be up on YouTube on YouTube we post the individual breaks yet on fanatics We do not on YouTube. We post the individual breaks They should already be up if there's one that you don't see let me know and I'll figure out what might have happened with it But all the breaks up to this point today should be uploaded Kodai Senga Jose Barrera Michael Harris Edward Julian JP France and Vince Velasquez Sean Murphy on the magenta purple lava lamp Nolan Jones for the Rockies Nolan Jones blue for the Rockies at a 150. There you go, Colorado That's gonna be Tyler P Very nice hit there Tyler in manual Valdez on the magenta for the Red Sox out of 399 Casey Schmidt Wow Second one in two boxes Drew waters purple speckle There you go Casey and How about that Arizona? Brandon Fott on the gold wave auto bingo There we go man that one That is a big hit Luis Guillermin Shea Langley ears Mitch Gardner Garrett Acton Kevin Kiermeyer and Ben Joyce Jesse Chavez gold out of 50 How about that for Washington closer team one of the last teams taken Jeter downs orange out of 25 Well Jeter Mackenzie, that's funny That is funny, but also probably true. I got a look into that I might get in trouble for saying it outside the bingo hall Tommy Lestela on the fuchsia Josh loud Cannon Smith and jigba for the pirates on the aqua wave auto Cannon Smith and jigba And our Cisco crook refractor auto for the Red Sox Yeah, yesterday Matt was like is that JSN's brother That's a pretty unique last name Yeah, yep. Yeah, it is they are bros. They are indeed brothers Not from another mother, you know Here we go Casey Schmidt Gregory Soda Miguel Amaya JP Sears Zach Weiss and Jake odor is he jake aloo on the magenta blue Bryce terrain blue Bryce terrain and And for the angels diamond dominance show hey, oh Tani boom There we go angels Jordan Groeschens Taj Bradley Taj Bradley base auto and Someone asked about him or mentioned him earlier rhino Ryan said Ryan Sandberg For the cubbies on the refractor auto throwback What a hit let's go Yeah, yeah all of the like that stuff is numbered How sick is that That's what I'm saying the color is really like they made it pop Grayson Rodriguez Vinnie Pasquantino pro-far JP fire sin Xavier Edwards They're just gonna keep re-showing says they're looking further into it now Dylan Dodd Youthquake Dylan Dodd Youthquake There you go Andrew glad grad Wow grad glad that you're feeling better man Knee caps are never fun knees are never fun to mess with that sounds terrible Dylan Moore on the aqua blue lava lamp Andrew Nardi purple Mitch Garver aqua blue lava lamp. Yeah, that's never fun Knee issues are no bueno. Hopefully you're doing okay, man the braided shoemaker on the base auto and Michael Brantley gold auto for the Astros 8 out of 50 nice hit Houston We're hitting some nice color Because wonky never cramps Matt Strayer Matt Strayer Brandon Williamson Jaymare Candelario Blake Sable Matt Mervis and JJ Bleday Connor Wong negative Gregory Soto yellow mini diamonds Eddie Rosario purple Gavin Stone Joey Weimer on the base auto for the Brewers and Jose Caballero Jose Caballero on the refractor auto for the Mariners. There we go. I like Chupacabra better That sounded good though, let's go I'm gonna have to send Shipe a present for teaching me how to say players names He just randomly jumps in and yeah, literally came out of nowhere. I was like, here's how you pronounce it Literally didn't say anything else today. Yeah, I'm saying here's how to pronounce it. Have a good day. All right. See ya Jake bird Louisa rise Jake Irvin Eddie Rosario Mason Eggler and Kobe Allard Devon Williams fuchsia purple lava lamp Gregory Soto on the aqua Matt Mervis on the fuchsia out of 399 Shintaro Fujinama youth quake Oswaldo Cabrera for the Yankees on the purple Kawasaki's the goat Dylan And Bobby Miller refractor auto out of 499 for the Doyers Loser Doyers packs are flying back at me. What's going on? Stuart Fairchild Gunner Garrett Stubbs Miguel Castro Michael Fulmer and William Contreras true gold coming G-man Choi Aqua Joey Wendell on the true gold for the Marlins Gold out of 50 That's a sick color match Sean Bouchard purple at a 250 for the Rockies Steve I would like that that would help me. I don't know how who else that would help but that would help me Bryce Terrang Xavier and Curry base auto and Brandon Williamson on the refractor auto for the Reds. Here we go last box of the day for me y'all Sam will be live in literally one hour with National Treasures basketball One hour Sam will be live with National Treasures basketball y'all Kyle Lewis Jose Cabrera Elvis Andrews hobby hairs Cody Bellinger and Brett wisely. What up Timmy? Joey Vado orange Titans That's gonna be numbered Three of 25 Jeter Downs purple at a 250 for Washington Andrew Montestario Monasterio on the Aqua or on the magenta excuse me Edward Julian There you go Mets Brett Beatty Brett Beatty on the rookie auto for the Mets and for the Braves Matt Olson X Fractor Numbered two out of 125 That'll do it little recap and Y'all will have Sam in an hour Here we go our magenta's Andrew Montestario Matt Mervis Jake Alou Tommy Lestella Emmanuel Valdez Devon Williams magenta purple Lava lamps Devon Williams Shawn Murphy Reese McGuire true purple Andrew Nardi Shawn Bouchard Jeter Downs Eddie Rosario Aqua Gregory Soto G Manchoy Aqua blue lava lamp Mitch Garver Dylan Moore true blue Nolan Jones Bryce Terrain Yeah, fair to me Blue green Yuri Perez Gregory Soto yellow mini diamonds to 75 true gold Jesse Chavez Joey Wendell gold Titan Joey Vada Dylan Dodd on the gold youth quake orange Titan Joey Vada Orange Jeter Downs for Washington and our autos and three mags base autos Brett Beatty Joey Weimer Brayden Shoemake Randy Vasquez Taj Bradley Xavian Curry refractor autos Jose Caballero Narcisco crook Brandon Williamson Bobby Miller Purple speckle auto Drew waters times to purple auto as Wado Cabrera and Franklin Hermon Aqua wave auto cannon Smith and Jigba Blue auto Shintaro Fuji Nama X-fractor Matt Olson Ryan Sandberg out of 50 on the refractor auto for the Cubs and Michael Brantley gold auto out of 50 for the Astros our mags Shohei Otani diamond dominance Yuri Perez radiating rookies on the SP for the Marlins and For the Diamond Macs gold wave auto Brandon Fott Thank you all for filling up the brakes today really appreciate it like I said Sam will be live here in just a little bit We'll catch y'all


Hello my fellow parrot lovers and sniffers. My name is Marlene MacCohen and this is Leo. Well that's kind of my temporary name for him. And we want to welcome you to Parrot Tip Tuesday. Today we're going to talk about none other than Amazon Parrots. What do you think about that? I thought that since I have Leo with me, and I'll tell you why in a second, that I would go over some characteristics and personality traits of the Amazon. Of course all birds have their own personality, right baby? But before we get to that, if you're just tuning in and didn't see my previous video, let me give you a little background on Leo. Leo is not my bird, although I wish he was. I'm really trying to prevent myself from keeping him. I met Leo at the bird store and Leo was put there because his owner died very suddenly. And all of him and his companions had nowhere to go so they are now at the bird store looking for homes. But I fell in love with him and the owner at Birds Plus, that's where he is in case you guys are looking for a wonderful little birdie, knows that I'm very good with birds and let me borrow him for this video. So me and him have a sleepover. He also does not have a name. So I named him Leo because Leo is a fire sign. I'm a Leo and he looks gorgeous like fire. So I thought it would be perfect. In fact, I just named him in my last video. And for those of you wondering, I also was using that name to kind of play some emotional strings on George a little bit. But the thing is, most of our birds come to us and they're rescues. So I would argue that he is a rescue. He has every opportunity to find a very good home. But the only thing is he's so, so loving and it's just like, ugh. And right now you guys know that he's the best-behaved bird in my videos so far except for Picasso. But Picasso has been acting out as of late and he matches my favorite color red. Because I've been doing a lot of pink lately and I even put my nails to be pink and then you came in and suddenly it's like, I don't know. Anyhow, today I thought it would be such a cute idea to talk about the common personality traits and some information about Amazons. For those of you who have Amazons and love looking at Amazons and are excited to see one in my video. And also for those of you who have never had an Amazon and don't know anything about Amazons.  Much different personality than this guy. But again, that doesn't mean that all yellow-headed Amazons have that personality. Birds personalities have so much to do with how you bring them up and how they're tamed and how they're trained and how their behavioral issues are contained. However, they do have a temperament that I would argue is a little bit underlying across all of their different species. So, let's talk specifically about Leo. Leo is definitely a hybrid. I know what you're talking. You can see that he definitely is a red-lord Amazon. The lores refer to the colors in between the eyes and the nostrils. As you may know, most birds are named for their colorings. Well, somebody's very excited. He just puked banana all over me. How am I going to return you? Oh, you like me that much already? Hey, puking. Well, we can't reinforce this behavior. No, but you're so cute. We must go on with this video. I'm going to keep this in because for those of you who are wondering, sometimes you wonder about the sounds of your birds. I see it on Parrot Station.  This is very much so mating behavior. Do you see this? The bird is not sick. He has decided that he is, in fact, in love with me. I love that. This is the kind of behavior that normally you would not want to reinforce. So when your bird behaves like this, you generally want to make sure that you're not reinforcing these behaviors. I do have videos about this. One other thing, he has just eaten a banana. Mushy foods really reinforce this behavior. So that would be one thing that you would try to eliminate during these seasons or these periods in their life. Reinforcing this behavior can make them so attached to you. And one major problem with a bird being this attached to you, if I was to reinforce this and keep cuddling him and hugging him, would be that he may not be interested in toys and such. And birds, especially like this one, who you could see has a history of hugging, need to be able to be engaged with other activities because they'll become very hypersensitive when they don't have you around. So for this video, this is going to continue to happen, I think. But I'm happy that you're getting to see it live exactly what this regurgitation is. And let me clarify for those of you who don't know, this is how birds feed their young. This is how they take care of their babies. This is what he is doing because he loves me. Some people get very alarmed. They think their bird is sick. They think their bird is choking. But this is firsthand what it looks like. He hasn't done this to me at all until now.  Just for you guys to see. Yeah. So I've only had him under 24 hours and he's already behaving like this towards me. So you would want to, if this happens and you just got a bird, you want to make sure that you give them a little bit of a long time to engage with toys. Because toys and foraging is going to be so important for a bird like this, especially one that you can see had some history of plucking and some tattered feathers. It means that this bird is highly sensitive, but needs to learn how to engage a little bit on his own and become less dependent on the love and cuddles of humans. By the way, that is something very important to note because when you get cockatoos, it's so tempting or any bird that is over cuddly to give them all of that love, but that can in turn create this. So you want to make sure you're giving them an even amount of time with you, with other people to socialize them, as well as toys and lots of things to shred and lots of things to forage. Not what I thought this video was going to be about, but you have definitely surprised me. I was going to get into behavior, but he has beaten me to it. So while we're on it, let's talk a little bit more about it. Sometimes in Amazon's moods are the easiest to read if you get to know them. Let's see if he can get his eyes to pin. I haven't had him very long, but let's just see.  Yeah, like that. That is what you call eye pinning. It's so obvious on an Amazon. They do it a lot. Rocky does it a lot, but this guy has been doing it since the moment he met me. Now, what does eye pinning mean? Eye pinning means that the bird is basically excitable. Sometimes in a positive way, sometimes in a negative way. For example, when I give Rocky something new to eat and he gets excited, he pins his eyes. When this guy first saw me, his eyes pinned right away, but I knew it wasn't anything to be alarmed about because he was so responsive to me. But eye pinning can also be a negative thing. You just have to learn to read the bird's body language. For example, if the bird is hissing or head bobbing or maybe he raised his feathers up in alert and his eyes are pinning, it might not be the best time to approach. But if he's looking all cuddly and wants to step up and his eyes are pinning or you're giving him a treat and you could tell that he likes it, then you'll start to learn what your bird's eye pinning means. Sometimes if Rocky pins his eyes at me, I'm like, ooh, I think I'm gonna stay away because it's associated with another behavior that is negative. So you just have to learn how to read your bird's moods, which makes it very easy with an Amazon because he seems to pin his eyes all the time. Another thing that Amazons will do and he did as soon as he saw me, which was so cute, is they'll fan their tail. You see his tail? If he gets excited? Let's see if he can get him to fan his tail. Can you fan your tail? What happened is his tail will fan out and again, you want to see what kind of behavior this is associated with.  Because remember, birds make some of the same behavioral gestures. There he goes with his tail. Can you do that? When they're angry and when they're in alert as they do when they're happy, it just means that they're generally aware in that moment. When I sing to this guy, he tends to fan his tail. Let's see if he'll do it. Don't judge my singing right now. I'm just doing it to entertain the bird. Look at this stuff. Isn't it the thing my collection's got? Start talking just like Vinny, so we know that that's a positive thing because he seems excited about it. These are just things that you need to learn about your bird. Birds are extremely individual, so you want to analyze your bird and see what he is doing and when he is doing it and then remember that as a cue for next time. Amazons in general are great talkers and great singers. Not all Amazons will talk. Red Lord Amazons have some of the best temperaments out of all of the Amazons, and they have such a sweet nature. I wouldn't say they are some of the best talkers. I haven't heard him say a word. Doesn't mean he won't. He's only been here 24 hours, right, baby? Generally, yellow-headed Amazons are much better talkers or more prone to talking. Amazons love to eat. They're extremely food-driven. I can tell you that in the short amount of time that I've had him. He's a little bit shy, but he definitely, when he eats, he doesn't stop. He likes bananas. I know that so far.  Yeah, that's a thing. It's very important to make sure that these birds have exercise. They can be very excitable and love to play. You want to have all the right areas for them to play and hang upside down and flap their wings. These are the type of birds that are great to have flighted in general because they can be prone to fatty liver disease. They can be prone to obesity. So it's always beneficial if you can to have your bird fly. Once you get used to understanding birds, of course, if you have any questions on to clip or not clip wings, watch my video on clipping a parrot's wings. And if you remember from one of my past videos, I explained that Amazons use their vocal skills to socialize. That's why right now I'm talking. So he's talking a little different than African greys that talk. These guys talk just as well, maybe not specifically him, but you see how I'm vocal, he's vocal, he's socially vocal. That's why a lot of them are on talk shows and very responsive to treats because they're food-driven and they're social talkers. Whereas I'm also babysitting in African great right now and I know he talks, but he hasn't talked for the last 24 hours that he's been here because he's in alert, right? By the way, this bird has let me give him head scratches, cuddles, everything. I'm so surprised at the nature of this bird. So that is Leo in a nutshell. I want to tell you guys one very weird thing. I was having my coffee today and George and I were discussing all the reasons why we do not need another bird. And to be funny, I was like, we can't have another birdie because then I would have to add him to my parrot station logo. If you guys don't know, this is my parrot station logo. It's got my birds on it and my argument was going to be, well, you're not on it. So I can't change it.  And then I go through the mug and here are my birds, okay? Jersey, Vinny, Rocky. This is supposed to symbolize Dooley, my first cockatiel. Picasso, George. This one is Firmango. And then look what's here. A red Lord Amazon. Are you kidding me? How is this bird here? These birds were already here when Sheen made the logo for me. So Sheen and Larry, they are the moderators on Parrot Station. Well, Sheen is. She's amazing, but Sheen and Larry made this for me. And one day I was just like, oh, can you have an Amazon right there? Because a lot of people have Amazons and I want an Amazon right there. And then like, here he is. Here he is. Like, he's there close enough that didn't help that argument. I can't. Yeah. When I met him, it was like love at first sight. I don't even know what to tell you guys. We just love at first sight. Who's that? Do you hear somebody downstairs? And he loves my sister. He lets my sister like cuddle in and everything. It's the cutest little thing. I really hope that you enjoyed learning a little bit about the red Lord Amazon and Amazons in general and some behavioral cues about Amazons. Honestly, I was going to make that like many different videos. I was going to do one video on eyes pinning and one video on like hormonal things, which I do often. And then one video on Amazons and one on the red Lord Amazon.  And then we just got into it. And now this video is basically empty. I love him. Thank you guys so much for watching. Please follow me on social media at Marlene McCohen.  So if you want to be in the loop, come check out my socials. I'll put them down below. If you just got a bird or you're thinking about getting a bird, check out products I love, the link below. It's an Amazon link to all of the products that I love using for my birds. I update it often and put in descriptions. Bookmark it. So check those out if you can. And also check out the Jersey and Sniffers merch. Thank you guys so much for watching. I love you. Bye.


Hi, welcome to CUBE Conversations. I'm Stu Miniman with Wikibon.com, here at the Wikibon Studio in Marlboro, Massachusetts. As part of our ongoing promotion of what's happening in the VMware ecosystem, I'm really excited to have a company coming out of stealth, clear sky data, joining me for this segment are Ellen Rubin and Laz Veccherides. Thank you so much for coming out to the office. I know you've been doing a ton of work getting ready. I mean not just for big event that all of us spend so much time on, but launching the company. So Ellen, it's your first time on the CUBE. Why don't you give our audience a little bit of background about yourself and what brought you to clear sky? Definitely. And thanks for having us and good to see you. So I'm Ellen Rubin and co-founder here at Clear Sky Data. And I'm really excited because we are in launch mode and coming out and spending time at VMworld as well. So it's a big time for us. I am, you know, personally a third time entrepreneur. So this is very exciting. Each time is always different. Most recently, I started a company called Cloud Switch back in the early days of cloud computing. And I know we're going to talk a lot about cloud today. We were part of that early hybrid cloud, had a connect enterprise data centers out to the public cloud. We were bought a few years in by Verizon and became part of the TerraMark business unit and spent a lot of time in data centers with cloud people. And, you know, prior to that at a company called Natesa in data warehousing systems. Awesome. Yep. We know those well. So Laz, you've been on the CUBE before. You're stranger to the VMware ecosystem and everything. But tell us what brought you to Clear Sky. Well, so as you know, I spent about 11 years in the in the equal logic, you know, world. So I was part of the core team at equal logic. And we got acquired by Dell in the middle of 2007, 2008. I stayed on at Dell. And a lot of the things that we were doing that were innovative at the time were the VMware integration things. And so I became, you know, kind of associated with all that stuff. When when it was time to do something new, we got introduced to to Ellen through mutual friend, which is actually the founder of equal logic, Paul along. And, you know, we started venturing about various types of ideas.   Excellent. All right. So Ellen, maybe start, you know, what why Clear Sky? You throw things like cloud and we've been bantering in the industry as to, you know, where cloud fits in VMware and beyond VMware. But, you know, why did the company get founded? And what's the vision for the company? Definitely. So Laz and I spent a lot of time, you know, a couple of years back talking about where things going. And I think what we realized and sort of the picture we kept drawing for ourselves is this idea of really distributed environments that the cloud has created where stuff is running in data centers and private clouds and public clouds, it could be all over the world. And truth is that when you think about enterprise storage for Fortune 1000 companies, it just hasn't really kept up, you know, things are mostly unchanged in terms of buying gear and standing it up in data centers and having to manage it and all the, you know, pain and suffering and cost that goes with that. And so coming out of the expertise in the background from Laz and the team that we've been building, there's a lot of, I think, opportunity and excitement about creating something that is a managed service that can really stand in the hybrid cloud model and connect enterprise users with the economics, the scalability, the flexibility of the cloud, but still give them everything that a traditional enterprise storage array would be giving them on premise. And that was sort of the founding idea and how to help enterprises really embrace a much more agile and on demand model than they've been able to so far. All right, yeah, Laz, maybe you can take us into a little bit of the architecture, kind of what's the same that you've done before and what's fundamentally different? Well, so the requirements are from a user standpoint, you know, we start with the same thing. So enterprise storage is, you know, a whole just boatload of requirements around availability, performance, capability and integration with the ecosystem, things like, you know, integration with VMware and all of the other application stacks out there. So those are very, very important. And that has to be part of any solution that we actually offer going forward. What's different, though, is this notion that rather than standing up a whole bunch of physical storage in your data centers, what you want is the ability to have location independence, you really want to be able to have the flexibility and the agility to just conjure up storage and any location, whether it's your local data center, whether it's in the cloud, attach various forms of compute to it in various locations and not have to worry about standing up storage at every single place where you need to actually access this data. And so we're looking at all sorts of models right now where you have hybrid models where you have islands of compute that are distributed across metros and across, you know, even regional boundaries. You know, what we did at Clear Sky is we decided early on that this has to be a metro based service. In order to meet the requirements for latency, you can't reach across the internet and go into the cloud, you know, across several hundred miles or several thousand miles. The latency is not going to allow, the speed of light is actually something that's more or less inviolate. We're not going to be able to change the speed of light as much as we try. So what Clear Sky has done is to build a technology model that's based on technology stacks, living in highly connected points of presence in major metros. And by building those out, we're able to control the latency and the overall experience of the users that are within that metro. So if you're, for example, in Boston, if you're within a hundred miles or so of the Boston area, we're able to offer you very, very low latency high speed connectivity into our network and you get more or less a primary storage experience without any of the cross country latency issues. So, you know, the main model is really this model of having these points of presence everywhere where the people are. And then we're leveraging the cloud for something that it's really good for. The cloud is amazing durability, amazing scalability. It's a solved problem. We're not going to try and go out and build a cloud. What we're going to do is we're going to leverage that through more high speed connectivity. And hence we've built this global storage network where you get the durability and the scalability of the cloud, but some very, very clever caching and networking technology in the middle to make it appear as though all that storage is very close to you. Okay. So just want to clarify, we've had a number of solutions in the marketplace that have kind of promised kind of mobility. So there's some things that work and some things that don't. So lots of companies, of course, are going mobile and I need to have access to my data a lot to places. There's SaaS applications that are putting this globally dispersing it. But I think about things like long distance VMotion, which the big challenge always has been there is I can't just move my storage easily or having my information available at low latency, which means do I replicate copies of it all over the place? So maybe we'll talk a little bit about the use case and what you actually do and what don't you do? Okay. Sure. Well, I'll just make a quick comment about our customers and the kinds of situations that they're sort of addressing in their infrastructure. So a sort of traditional enterprise that would be building kind of large applications and managing them with storage underneath would be running things that are both structured on databases from SQL and Oracle and lots of unstructured data, log file data, big file production data. And very typically, they'll have these running in data centers that could be distributed across the country or around the world. And today, what's essentially happening, as Les was describing is you really have to kind of keep standing the storage up and then you've got to have DR and back up and all the usual things that you would do. And we've really taken the entire life cycle of the data and managed it completely with our service. So we're handling the primary data and especially the hot production data. So it's really close and really high performance. And then we're keeping the stuff that's warm local within the metro area really, really close within a couple of milliseconds. And then we're using the cloud at the back end that we're highly connected to for cold and archival and all the backup in DR scenarios. So we've taken that on holistically. And what that means for the customer, of course, is no managing of infrastructure, no touching it, no expanding their data center footprints and a huge reduction in cost where a third of the cost of what a traditional environment would be. So I think what this is the kind of customer who would be, you know, a clear sky customer is in a hybrid cloud approach right now. They're in a journey to embrace the cloud. 99% of what they're doing still probably resides in a private cloud or a data center that they're managing, you know, could be colocation. But they have at least a foot in the cloud world. And so they've got some workloads running in Amazon. They've got some things going on in SAS. And essentially what we're trying to say is it doesn't really matter because wherever the application is running, we're going to be able to deliver the storage across our network with these points of presence that are interconnected to each other and interconnected to the cloud. And so it gives that mobility and flexibility. Great. So it sounds like, I mean, much more than some of the toe dipping that people have done with test dev or maybe just I put my archive here in the cloud, you know, primary data, backup, DR, fully managed service. The challenge is to give, you know, to Lazar's point, to give the customer the feeling of what primary storage needs to be with hundreds of thousands of IOPS, really low latency, the hot data is really close. It's really performant and to guarantee that that works. And if you can't, and there's unpredictability or access over the internet with, you know, could be a lot of latency, could be less, you know, performance is not always so reliable, you're going to do things like archival and backup on it because that's much lower risk and the requirements are much less. Okay. So it feels a little bit more like traditional type environment. I'd say more like that than it does say just going whole hog into AWS. How do you tie into some of the large public cloud providers? Definitely. So some of the things, you know, obviously, you know, we're a very connectivity leveraged service. So we actually run private connectivity down to where those cloud providers are actually housing their storage. So that is one of the primary tenants of what we do. We need to have very, very low latency. And we have to have dedicated connectivity because we need to guarantee a level of service for our customers that you just don't get over the internet. So that's part of the global storage network is to work with the individual cloud providers. And what you're seeing now, actually, you know, thankfully, all of them are coming around to allowing, you know, guys like us to connect directly into their clouds. So you have ExpressRoute from Azure, you have DirectNec from S3, Google also has a program that's very similar. So it allows us to get dedicated connectivity into the clouds.  We're specifically looking at things like object storage as a backing store. So S3, the Google, you know, object cloud, the, you know, the Azure object cloud, all those are really, really great, durable stores that come at a very, very nice price. I think everyone kind of focuses on the price you get for those things. But, you know, the real benefit to us is that you're getting more or less, you know, 11 nines of durability. So it's much better than any kind of a RAID set that you could ever build, you know, inside of your data center. And so when we integrate in, we're basically putting all your data there and leveraging the fact that, you know, we can rely on it to be there, you know, forever. And so, you know, all we need to do is bring a small copy to the location where you want to actually access it. So we don't actually have to protect it across the entire network. So that's one of the key tenets of what we've done. And Steve, if I could just jump in. So one of the key things for a customer who would be using ClearSky. So we're working with, you know, large financial service, healthcare, biopharma, you know, companies that would be very sensitive to security and compliance. I just wanted to comment on that. It is absolutely table stakes for anyone that's in the, you know, managed service model that we're in, to have just the most comprehensive security and controls and discipline in terms of how we run the service. So I just wanted to make a quick comment about how the embracing of the cloud by enterprise has happened because there have been a lot of advances in terms of the backend cloud, things like VPC and other, you know, kind of security models that are out there, but still requires the commitment of a company like ourselves standing in the middle to protect the customer from any type of risk around, you know, encryption, key management, you know, who has access to the data, physical security of where our points of presence are located and making sure that they can maintain their compliance. Yeah. So one of the feedbacks we've gotten from the user community is that that GRC is critical that so need to have very good understanding. It's like, okay, what lives where. So I've got some of it on your stuff here, but some of it goes over the, oh, it's just a metadata or something out. No, no, we need to be really clear as to what lives where, who has access to it, what's the security that I have on it. So multi-factor authentication, background checks, you know, like the whole nine yards. And I think we, you know, certainly I saw this a lot at TerraMark and Verizon, you know, from, from cloud switch days, but I think that the standards that enterprises hold the providers of any cloud services to are higher than anything that possibly has been in the past. And I think that's appropriate. You know, if you're going to take someone and run their primary storage outside of their firewall, they want to know exactly what's going on. We're doing it across a geographically distributed network, and we're managing that with a tremendous amount of intellectual property around what gets cashed where and how the data gets moved around. But in the end, from the customer's perspective, they just want to know where it is and how they get their hands on it if they need it. Okay. So let's step back for a second. Can you give me just kind of the, kind of the speeds and feeds on the company, how many people, what the funding is, how long you've been building this and where the product is, you know, for the launch? Definitely. Okay. So, you know, as, as we're launching, we are about 30 people in downtown Boston. You need to come visit us. It's very fun down there, down near the greenway. It's in South Station. And we've been around for about a year and a half. We raised a series A last year with General Catalyst in Highland Capital. And also Paula Long and Jitsa Xena are on our board and, you know, members of our team here. So it's a tremendous, you know, kind of set of people and advisors to the company. And we've been beta testing for most of this year, very active with a set of customers, you know, from these different backgrounds. We're also announcing two customers today and during our launch, Sentinel Financial and Benefits is a financial services company in Boston and XDM, a managed service provider in Philadelphia and also in Las Vegas. So we're live in those three metro areas, serving those customers as well as a bunch of others and adding very quickly. So, you know, kind of three metros, live up and running and plans to add a lot of metro pops as we grow. Okay.  You know, starting North America makes a lot of sense. And that's where the most of the public cloud is. But where do you see us in that adoption in the growth of the company? Yeah. So the, you know, the goal for us is to be everywhere our customers are. And if you look at a map of starting with the United States, but also it's equally true in other parts of the world, you can see where all the major clusters of data centers are that are enterprise class data centers as well as all the fiber in the ground that connects. So when we come into a metro area, not only have we sort of validated that there's, you know, a lot of companies that would potentially be customers for us, but also that the network connectivity that we can access by being in a co-location facility, for example, like in a digital realty co-location facility, which gives us huge carrier neutrality, allows us to connect to pretty much any customer that would be, you know, about a hundred or so miles around us. And that's really how we think about the opportunity. So it's kind of based on the Akamai model of being local and close to the customers. And we can guarantee the latency in the performance, which is really key to us. So, you know, if you think about being across all of the major NFL cities, you know, that's clearly where we're going next.  So next year, the plan is definitely to start moving outside of North America, starting with Europe. And then, you know, I think Asia will have to wait probably until a little further down the path. But the big thing for us is the development of relationships with co-location partners like Digital Realty that we also are announcing as a global partner and some of the carriers who we work with that are mostly regional partners. But it really gives us an opportunity there to also go to market with those partners. So it's an opportunity to engage with the customers who are in their data centers already using some of their network connectivity, as well as MSP partners like XTM who have a lot of, you know, existing customers that might be benefiting from our service. Yeah, that's great.  It makes perfect sense. Financial, you know, check the boxes to, all right, they've got to have security they got to understand. And the service provider really can be, you know, a huge channel for what you're doing. And we've been talking for years about how service providers are going to just become so much of the channel. So when you talk about who funded the company, I think one of the first people you talked to and then invested the company was the founder of storage networks. So, you know, as we said, we don't want to go back too much in history, but we've been banging on the cloud and everything. So, you know, my, you know, the high level takeaway I had from, of course, the dot com, you know, burst didn't help. But, you know, it was limits in the network and limits in the security. And that's the question I've been asking for, you know, since cloud came out. And so it sounds like you've got, you know, a very methodical way to handle the network and working through the security. Right. Well, one of the interesting things that has happened over the last 15 years, that I think, you know, the storage networks guys wished it happened sooner is that, you know, you have an enormous amount of unused connectivity just been buried in the ground now. So pretty much all of the matters that we're looking at expanding into have this this amazing variety of fiber connectivity from a competitive set of carriers and the prices are going down. So it's very, very easy for us to build this type of a network. And we can do it in a private way. So it's a private network where we're building is not the internet. And so this is this is one of the key parts of the puzzle. The other thing that that wasn't available back then is really virtualization. That's one of the big stories of the last decade. So really building a true multi tenant service by virtualizing compute workloads and virtualizing the hardware so that you can create some leverage inside your economic model that has only been available really truly the last few years. And so, you know, we're essentially taking some of the cloud technology that has been out there and the fact that this connectivity is out there and then building something unique that hasn't been done before just because these pieces have never been around to be integrated. Not to mention that the enterprise customers are really clear that they're looking for more of a cloud like model. And that's a big change. So I think at the time, you know, it was more of a, you know, we'll stand stuff up and we'll do managed hosting for you. And that's not a new idea. But to be able to do it in a way that really gets the economics and the agility of what the cloud can offer is a new thing. Yeah. So we've got VMworld coming up. And, you know, I wonder if you can share what you've had the conversation you've been having with customers because that adoption of moving from, you know, it's virtualized to how do I make it like a cloud or use a cloud or, you know, we say hybrid is kind of awful term. I think we all agree because it's I've got lots of applications and some I sassify some I push out in the public cloud some I manage I orchestrate, you know, the vision that many have had of saying I just want a self service portal for IT and I can use it anywhere has, you know, not come to fruition yet.  And, you know, we're still having discussion, oh, we need 100% virtualization. And it's like, well, you know, containerization has changed some of it. I've had more discussions on bare metal the last two or three years than I had for years. So, you know, how does that, you know, discussion with the end user go what what's what are they getting excited about what you're doing and how do they move from kind of into that cloud discussion even deeper. Yeah, I think you're exactly right. I think that in a way for a CIO and the CIOs organization, things are as complicated as they've ever been. So for all the ideas of simplicity and ease of use and all the things that, you know, technology always promises, you know, if you have, you know, VMware, sprawl and virtualization all over the place. And you also have all these other models that you're trying to do and you've got, you know, open stacks sitting in the lab and you've got, you know, all these different flavors of containers, you know, going around in a way it's a lot harder and more confusing. But I think that while the IT teams are trying to figure this out and they're adopting new technologies, they still are living with the realization that at bedrock is your data and that there's just nothing that can really happen until you sort of fundamentally solved the ability to make the storage model be more flexible. And so I feel like we're sort of an underlying piece of the puzzle that helps them get a little bit more confidence that this model is going to work for them while they decide on which other, you know, pieces of the stack they want to adopt. Because I think right now there's just a lot of experimentation going on. And, you know, if you have to buy a new storage array every time you own an experiment with something that is not a flexible model and it's definitely not fast. All right.  You mentioned open stack. And then there's things like Docker and containers.   And so we have to pick the places where the most adoption has already occurred initially. And VMware, obviously, you know, when we talk about virtualization, VMware is the big gorilla in the market. And so, you know, everyone's got VMware. We haven't found a customer yet that doesn't have it. And so we decided that we're going to be a very, very VMware friendly environment. So we're going to go ahead and implement all of these things. So even in our first release, we have Vvolves, we have the AI, we have a lot of the things that we believe right now are table stakes. If you have virtualized workloads, you probably have VMware, you're probably looking for these things. So that's a set of things that we need to do.  In the future, I think we're going to start to see a whole bunch of different forms of virtualization and containerization. And there's a whole set of discussions that we're having right now about, you know, how does storage play in those worlds? How do you cloudify it?  But we are working on what the next generation application infrastructure stack is going to be and how it should consume storage. And so I think that there's a similar paradigm to what the storage industry has done with VMware that's going to sort of unfold on itself, you know, over the course of the next year or two years. Because what you do with containers fundamentally changes operational aspects of what you do. But your data is still your data. And, you know, there's certain expectations you have about performance and about availability and about durability and so on. And so how to bring that to those environments is still an open question. So it's a pretty exciting time right now. No lack of interesting technology to work with for us. No, it definitely keeps us hopping on what we're doing. So, Ellen, to close out, you threw out a stat that your solution could be 30% cheaper than what you're doing. Is it a price conversation? Are you solving some of that? Trying to simplify IT? What's the core value that ClearSky is trying to bring to the C-suite? Yeah, no, I'm glad to come back to that definitely. So we truly feel that the ability to simplify the entire life cycle is the key thing here. The customer should not have to manage infrastructure. The customer should not have to guess what they need and which data needs to sit on flash and which data needs to be put out to archive. What if things change, it's always dynamic. That's the one thing you can count on. So in fact, we are actually two thirds less expensive, not a third, but I'll just clarify that. But that's never the first part of the conversation. Of course, when you're a new enter into a market like the storage market that's been around for so long, customers want to hear that you have things to offer to them that will help them reduce footprint and cost. But if that were it, that wouldn't be interesting. What's interesting here is that we're really a different paradigm of how to use and consume storage that matches what the customers are trying to do in their overall infrastructure. And that's really the key thing here. Okay. And so in that vein, are you selling to the C-suite? Is the storage person a little bit worried when you come in? What have you been seeing? So very typically at our customers, there's someone who is the head of IT infrastructure. And that person could be a VP, it could be a director, and some smaller companies, it's the CIO. And that person has a team that manages all the infrastructure, including networking and compute. And sometimes security sits under there, but sometimes it doesn't. And truth be told, and most of the customers we're dealing with, even with petabytes of data, they are still working with relatively small teams. So what doesn't people at most? It could be five to 10. And the storage person is pretty stretched right now, because often it's a single person and not even a full-time person in some cases, even for large amounts of storage. And that's a little bit of a surprise to me. It's a little different from things that I've seen in the compute side and certainly back in the Netease-a-days with database administrators. But this is not a situation where you've got a dozen storage people sitting around going, oh, what's going to happen to me now? This is like, I don't want to touch the infrastructure. One of our customers pointed out the window when we were having a meeting said that's my data center I spent all day there. I don't ever want to go there again. Make it go away. And so I think that's our story for these guys. Okay, great. So people want to find out more information. Just give us the website and what we can expect to see from you guys throughout the rest of the year. Definitely. Okay. So it's clairsky.com and follow us on Twitter. I think our clairskydata.com. Thank you, Les. Definitely want to give the right address there. And we'll be at the VMworld show and then actually we'll be out at some other shows later in this year, including Amazon's ReInvent. Excellent. Les and Alan, thanks so much for coming in. I expect I will be seeing you at both those shows that you mentioned. The Cube's going to be there at VMworld and at Amazon ReInvent. So be sure to check out all the research at wikibon.com and the videos, of course, are at siliconangle.tv. Thanks so much for watching this episode of Cube Conversations.