The Cube at EMC World 2014 is brought to you by EMC. Redefine VCE, innovating the world's first converged infrastructure solution for private cloud computing. Brocade, say goodbye to the status quo and hello to Brocade. Okay, we're back here live in Las Vegas at EMC World 2014. This is the Cube, our flagship program. We go out to the events, extract the symbols and the symbols and the symbols. I'm John Furrier, the founder of SiliconANGEL. I'm joined by co-host Dave Vellante, co-founder of Wikibon.org. And our next guest is the president of Advanced Software Division. I'm Atab Shirvastava. Welcome back to the Cube alumni. Did I get that right? Yes, absolutely, thank you very much. I was practicing the whole time. So I got to say last year we had a very memorable conversation here in the Cube and we were totally geeking out on the software-led infrastructure, software-defined enterprise. Essentially, the stuff we talked about was on the keynote. Pretty much Joe Tucci's messaging. Yes, absolutely. That means you're in the right spot within EMC. What's next year's keynote gonna be? Let's talk about that, okay? Fast forward, we're gonna talk about software, all flash arrays in line, got a million dollar guarantee, Vipers hitting the scene, open stacks on the round-the-couraging, Cloud Foundry's out there. The software layer moving up the stack seems to be the battleground. What's your take on that? So I agree with it that the lot more intelligence is moving at the software layer. At the lower level, I think the world is still gonna get more and more complex. And the one who makes it simple wins. That's the element that we are going after. So like we talked last time, we thought that our view was that the storage infrastructure is gonna consist of hardware arrays, I mean EMC arrays, non-EMC arrays, and commodity arrays. I mean that's the, now innovation is still gonna happen and new elements are gonna come in with flash and SSDs and now you saw the new acquisition that we have done. A lot more, a lot of these different innovations are gonna happen, which essentially means that you can come up with more and more powerful hardware. But the software now gets to utilize the power that the hardware has got and make it more and more applicable for the various workloads that are there. So I got to ask you, one of the things we've been observing this past year, one of the trends that Dave and I kind of see coming out, kind of had the epiphany at the Apple, 30th anniversary of the Mac in Cupertino. I attended, a lot of my friends were on the team and even though I'm a little bit older than I am, but it was really a geek celebration from the old tinkerers, the old hardware guys, the homebrew computer club. We're seeing a shift now in today's market where a maker markets the homebrew-like tinker or hardware's back, open compute, the data center builds your own, and you mentioned things are getting complex. How does that trend of the maker movement intersect with some of those low-level complexities and how does software solve that? You're seeing Raspberry Pi, people are hacking drones, you're seeing some coolness around hardware geeks, but you don't need a friend who works at Intel to get stuff. Yes. So how do you make sense? So I think the key thing that the industry has to make sure is that the applications don't get affected by all the tinkering that is happening on the hardware side. Because, I mean, if you look at it on the compute side, that's what happened with virtualization of compute, right? So the abstraction layer needs to be coming in so that you have to separate the applications from the hardware layer. And that's why the layers like Viper starts becoming very important because they can separate the software layer from the hardware layer. So while these tinkering things come out and certain applications are going to run faster just because they're more suitable for the workloads, applications don't fundamentally need to sort of change there. So that's the only way the simplification is going to happen from my perspective. So somebody made the point that it might have been you. I don't know if it was an analyst meeting or a keynote, they all blend together, right? But somebody said enterprise applications really haven't changed much over the last several decades. In fact, I think it was Mark Hurd at Oracle Open World. So the average age of an enterprise app is 19 years, right? Now, but the infrastructure is starting to change dramatically. You see the hyperscale stuff start entering the enterprise. That's your world, right? Well, we see a similar transformation of applications. You see applications popping up all over the place. You get zillions of applications on your phone and you could download them. Will enterprise apps start to look like consumer apps? If you're today in my keynote, I was comparing two parts. There were sort of companies which were really were born in platform two, but are moving to platform three. But if you look at the companies which are now getting born on platform three, they have no restrictions. And if you look at it, they are coming up with these models we have never thought before. And I had an example of Andy Amill, which was a startup in Shoreditch in London. They were doing it. They're using a completely different model. There's another startup we were talking about which doesn't use any storage. It only uses compute. So the traditional architectures that we were talking about are now going to go away. And people are utilizing the fact that they say, OK, how will I write my app if I was guaranteed that there is hyperscale compute, hyperscale storage, hyperscale, everything is available to me. How will I construct and rewrite this app? How will I design this app? And I think that's the phenomenon which are going to be happening. But these are going to be those applications which were born on platform three. And I think the startups are going to be the first place that you're going to see all of these things happening. And ultimately, right now the enterprises are first moving to platform three. Once that problem is solved, I think you'll start seeing the fundamental changes in these applications. Which is virtually unlimited resources. Absolutely, but you do so. And I would just put out there no spinning disk latency. Even though your forecast and IDC's forecast to say a very small portion of the market will be flashed, I think where the value is is going to be a lot higher. I think with all of these things it's going to be this tier thing. And so depending upon the applications that you're in, the cost of flashed, even if it comes down, even for the cheaper disk you can get very far.  Courses for courses. Yeah, exactly, exactly. So I've got to ask you about some of the trends around OpenStack and the cloud and all these things that are coming out of the pie. How do you see that affecting some of the storage architectures? Because is it going to be attracted to the way? What's your take on that? So if you look at it, everyone is trying on the storage architectures, even if you look at OpenStack. What is it doing? It's at the simplest level. What it's trying to do is, is there a uniform way to talk to all the arrays. Today, every array talks differently. Somebody talks with SMIS. Somebody talks with CLIs. Somebody talks with REST APIs. So if you look at even the Cinter plugins that the OpenStack has, what they're saying is, OK, if everybody writes a Cinter, uses the Cinter plug, builds a Cinter plugin, then people can use the Cinter APIs to talk to all the arrays. So everyone is going for more and more in the direction of standardizing and talking to these different arrays with different characteristics coming in in a uniform way. Viper takes it a step further than that. It just says, no, no, I don't need only need a uniform way to talk about it. How about if I virtualize it? How about if I pull all of those things out and then you can now carve it into these virtual resources there? And I think that's the layer I was talking about, is as this layer gets more and more abstracted and more powerful, that's where the separation between the applications and the hardware is. Do people ask an obvious question there? Is that layer, does that layer cause overhead? Does it add inefficiencies? Yes. What do you respond to? In my opinion, that's why if you look at how we approach it, that's a very valid question. And I think that was the reason why storage is the last to get virtualized. And that's why the way we approach it is by splitting the control and the data plane. So you can get all the virtualization, all the abstraction, all the management, and a lot of the things that they're talking about, just by being in the control plane without affecting the data plane out. So you do not impact at all the performance of any of these arrays or the key value that they provide. Because if you paid a lot of money buying a VMAX and you slowed it down, that product's not going to sell. And so that's why if you let Wiper do it, Wiper does the majority of the stuff in the control plane side. It's very opportunistic on the data plane side. So it's in the data path for object, HDFS. But for block, it stays away. So when I talked to a lot of EMC customers over the years, the number one complaint is always, oh, I got so many platforms. But that really is the only big complaint that you hear. And Wiper is a way to consolidate that and normalize it. And I can see, and we're going to have Brian Gallagher on tomorrow, but I can see Symmetrics living in that or VMAX living in that environment for a long, long time. It's going to be a long time before your stack matches is absolutely, maybe not in our lifetime. I don't know, maybe, maybe. But the rest of the portfolio, maybe with some exceptions, it looks like Wiper, the stack that you're building from scratch, you told us last year, you had a pretty big tan to go after. Yeah, I think so. I think it's a, if you look at it, the cloud market, the hyperscale market that was there, EMC didn't play much in that market. I mean, this is the market where the public clouds were playing in. And mostly that is the one which was sort of like coming out with commodity hardware, the startups and this were playing in.  Our focus is like with ECS and now with Wiper with commodity, right? That's the market that we are really trying to go to. And that I believe is a growth market for EMC because that expands my EMC's reach. EMC was very strong in the traditional market that was there, and I don't think that's gonna change. With Wiper and things like that, we can help that process out. But this new market, which is emerging, which is growing at a much, much faster rate, now we believe we have some of very crucial technologies with ECS and now Wiper with commodity that we can now play with that thing. You mentioned ECS. How's your product manager doing there? Dave Goulden tells us he's the product manager for ECS. He's like, good. Was he the product manager? He was the product manager for ECS and we kept on... Did he write PRDs? I wanted to know. Scold him, we're gonna call you out on that. We're gonna come see you at the Circle Bar later. We're gonna say, you never wrote a PRD. And we had to say, David, now we're gonna take your product management away because I have to actually ship this product. Thanks for the budget. See you later. And so he said, well, at least I have to meet the product manager who's gonna take my job away and that product manager was always watched very carefully. Up to a warm in advance, he was a kid right at school. Up to a warm in advance, he was a kid right at school. I wanna ask you about a trend that we're seeing. So in the early days of the hyperscale guys, it was the assumption was commodity hardware and then you're gonna layer the software defined in the data center on top of it. And now when you talk to the hyperscale guys the same, well, actually we kind of did a 180. We're doing highly customized hardware. We're doing compute that is super dense. You can't buy in the open market. The networking pieces are getting more and more customized. Do you see, what do you make of that trend? I think there's gonna be a combination. So for example, if you look at ECS today, okay, the ECS that we are gonna ship today, it's totally built with commodity hardware, right? But it's really designed for the cloud storage workloads. Now, this literally, if you look at the appliance, we've got two network switches there, we've got two servers, we've got all these disks which are there, but we were optimizing for cost, right? So you made it the densest possible things to do that. Now if you asked me to go build this appliance for a very different workload, I may have designed it very differently. I may have put all flash arrays there. So depending upon which workloads that you are talking about, I think the hardware is gonna go evolve. And that's why I'm much more of a believer that it's not all commodity or all specialized. Everybody figures out a sweet spot, and that's why I was making that comment that the world is gonna get more complex, right? And you have to use the software as a mechanism of making it simpler. So I guess I didn't formulate my question well, and I think you just answered it, but you don't see the lack of specialized hardware in the enterprise as a problem because essentially the hardware market hates a vacuum, and they'll always fill it. That's right, they will fill it, and they will come back. I mean there's so much, I mean like DSSDs, right? I mean it's such a critical technology, right? It will have certain workloads where it'll just completely blow it away. So if you were designing a specialized array for certain workloads, I can configure it in a very, very different way. But people will also like to just buy commodity hardware from price and just put the software on it and go build a data center. And that's okay too, but on the other hand if you're really running HANA or SAP or Oracle and you really need a very, very specialized thing there, maybe for a mission critical application it's actually okay to spend a little bit, a few more dollars and buy more expensive hardware. So I think it'll all balance off. The key thing is that the complexity that we are introducing now cannot, this will fail, is if the complexity gets visible to the operations or to the management of those things there. And that software has to automate that whole process out. If that is achievable, then you can have as much complexity downstairs. It doesn't matter. Applications still go. I want to have a last question. We're going to break here. We're going to start to wind down our day here. But I want to ask you more of a computer science question as the world is growing and changing. Society's impacted, got wearable computers in the top of the stack, data centers through storage, cold storage, warm storage, hot storage, whatever you want to call it. Computer science is changing. What do you see as trends that you're looking at from a computer science standpoint that have your attention? The kind of candidates you guys are looking to hire because you're seeing with Viper, you're seeing geo-distribution, you're seeing protection across multi-site, all that stuff that is now going to be very much one global data center from an object standpoint. You can block the other things. This is now starting to get into multiple sciences that are intersecting and that's all the rage right now in the computer science program. We'll leave this one. What trends in computer science do you like right now that you're watching? So the biggest one I believe that the, of course my focus is much more on the software side. It's all on distributed computing. Distributed computing is hard. And in a majority of us, when I grew up or when we grew up, nobody told us how to write distributed programs.  You write, how do you do distributed debugging? All of this, and it's really hard when a data center goes down, you will not imagine how poor debugging tools are in distributed debugging. Logs and all of that stuff doesn't sort of like work out. So the advancements in this whole thing, like compute is not gonna just work on a single processor or one machine, it's gonna be distributed over thousands of nodes, multiple of data centers going out. How do you design applications like that? This is the one we are talking about, the applications were designed 19 years ago.  You have to design the application, how will it be managed? How will it be debug all of those aspects that are coming in? And I think the fundamentals of computer science have to give the graduates that are coming in very, very strong foundations on all aspects of distributed computing. And you got real time too, that makes a big dimension in things. Oh, yes. And you got the geography issue, so you got virtualization, it's actually a good time. It's actually intoxicating at some level at a computer science level. A lot of opportunity. Development renaissance is coming. Oh, absolutely, I think right now the industry, in my opinion, is at an inflection point. Because before there was an argument whether how the clouds will take it or not or take it or who will get it or is it just the public clouds or not. But now everybody's accepting that fact, that's what we were trying to do. Hyperscale, massive scale, it's not limited to these big public clouds or these big service providers. Every enterprise is going to have it. Who's going to write applications for them? Who's going to maintain them? And so these fundamental things are going to be spared all over the industry. You were just talking to Dave and I were just talking to people who follow our crowd chat beta, looks like a little chat client but it's actually really distributed, really real time through the firewalls, using Node.js with all this kind of real time on a DevOps stack. Okay, it's difficult, it's really, it's not trivial. That's right. It's not just load up a Rails on a MongoDB and I'm done. This is where, of course, I'm out. I've not really kept track of exactly what the curriculum for different universities are in there and not to make a decision. But that's where, in my opinion, the focus has to change, adapt to where the industry is going, of how the next set of computers are going to be. As Jeremy Burton says, don't go against fashion. That's right. And the fashion right now is big data cloud, large scale, distributed large scale. And the management piece is very much a big part of it. Yes. Thank you so much for coming on the queue. Always great to talk to you. I think that's going to be the keynote next year. Large scale. Joe Tucci, we'll get a quick write up for you. Okay, we'll be right back. Thanks for coming on the queue. Thank you very much. Great to have a great conversation. Always talking computer science here in the side of the queue. We'll be right back after this short break.


Good morning, everyone. I want to thank everyone for being here for today's update. I'll have more to say in a few minutes. But before that, I want to turn it over to Commissioner Morrison for a situational update. Mr Morrison. Thank you, Governor. Good morning. My name is Jennifer Morrison. I'm the commissioner public safety. This morning, the state of Vermont is in much better shape than we were at this time yesterday. That being said, we are still in active response mode and have multiple rescues ongoing. The hardest hit area currently is Lemoyle County, where we rescued 32 people and numerous animals overnight. This brings the total number of rescue since Sunday to over 200. And we have facilitated over 100 evacuations. As I said today, we have numerous water rescues underway in Lemoyle County, and we are compiling reports of damaged or destroyed critical infrastructure. Throughout the day, we will continue to have swift water and urban search and rescue teams staged across the state to address local requests for assistance related to life safety concerns. Generally speaking, rivers have crested and river flooding should wind down throughout the day. The southern and central part of the parts of the state have seen floodwaters recede and the sun come out. These areas are quickly turning the corner to the recovery phase of this disaster. For now, things are stable in many areas across the state. I will continue to remind Vermonters that further precipitation is forecasted for Thursday and Friday that could bring significant additional rainfall. We have to continue to be vigilant and mindful that more flooding is a very real possibility. Currently, flooding concerns persist at the following locations. The Winooski River at Essex, the Lemoyle River at Jeffersonville, the Missiscoe River at East Berkshire, the Otter Creek at center Rutland and the Arrowhead Dam in Milton. All rivers are expected to be below flood stage within the next 24 hours. Regardless of river levels, our waterways are not safe right now. The currents are fast. There is a tremendous amount of debris and folks really need to stay off our rivers for the time being. I'm relieved to say that as of eight o'clock this morning, no fatalities have been reported. This is undoubtedly due to two things. Vermonters common sense and resilience and the incredible dedication, professionalism and hard work of our first responder community. I have deep appreciation and respect for all of our local county and state first responders. Thank you for your life saving work during this disaster. We need to remain vigilant in the days to come as many disaster related deaths occur after the acute phase and during cleanup and recovery. Vermonters keep your guard up and do not take chances. Numerous communities are under boil water notices. A list of impacted water districts can be found on the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources website at anr.vermont.gov forward slash flood. I'm happy to report that statewide we are below 1000 power outages. Thanks to the hard work and commitment of our public utility partners. Those returning to their flooded homes should take precautions when entering. Do not turn on your circuit breaker or use any power sources until you've had your system checked by a licensed electrician. For those with damaged property, please report your damages to 211 as we are collecting data for a possible federal disaster declaration. We need your information in order to paint an accurate picture of the extent of damage across the state. Homeowners should also contact their insurance company. If you are displaced from your home and need shelter, please call 211. There are numerous local and red cross shelters operating as well as three state run shelter locations. Lastly, the state has established a website for those wishing to volunteer in storm relief. Vermont dot gov forward slash volunteer. People who wish to help are asked to register and not self deploy. We are not asking for donations of items at this time. If you want to help make a monetary donation to an established recovery organization such as the Northern New England Red Cross or your local United Way, and I will turn things now back to Governor Scott. Thank you, Commissioner. We're grateful to be joined by FEMA Administrator, the end Crizzwell. She and her team have been working around the clock to support Vermont's response to this catastrophic flooding. As well, I want to express my appreciation to Senator Sanders, Senator Welch and Congresswoman Palin for their outreach. I spoke with each of them over the last 48 hours. And as you can see, they're here and they've made it clear they will work in Congress to help Vermont move forward. I also appreciate the number of messages I've received from fellow governors on both sides of the aisle, offering support and immediate help. And in a few cases, we've taken them up on that. President Biden also called to express his concern for what we're going through. He offered his full support and that of his team. And that's why Administrator Crizzwell is here today. This isn't a dog and pony show. We have work to do this afternoon. She's here on behalf of President Biden. And after this press conference will be surveying damage as part of her and her team's work to assess how they can best help Vermonters. As I discussed yesterday, the flooding we've seen is historic. And as waters begin to recede, at least for the time being, we'll be surveying the damage done to infrastructure, homes and businesses. And again, this may not be over with rain in the forecast and nowhere for it to go. We could see waters rise again. So it's critical for Monters to be aware of their surroundings, remain vigilant and plan ahead. Although we're still in our immediate response phase and not quite at a point where we're focused on recovery, later today I'll be signing an executive order so we can expedite rebuilding through temporary regulatory relief, which will be critical for emergency response and infrastructure repairs. We'll have more information on that in the next 24 hours. Next, later today, Administrator Crizzwell, our congressional delegation, and I will visit some impacted sites surveying damage. I'll also be traveling later this week than many heavily impacted communities across the state. Before I turn it over to the Administrator, I want to once again thank all those working on the response and the thousands of Vermonters who are stepping up to help us get us through this crisis. I continue to be inspired by their resilience and humanity. So many have shown us from our first responders and rescue crews to neighbors checking on neighbors. I know we'll get through this by working together. So with that, I'll turn it over to the Administrator and once again thank her and our team for the tireless work. Thank you, Governor. And good morning, everybody. Governor, just thank you so much for inviting me to join you today on this assessment and your praise for the team that's been here working really hard. I just wanted to start out by saying on behalf of the President and in the entire federal family, our thoughts are with everyone across Vermont right now as they are experiencing the impacts of this truly historic and catastrophic flooding event. Our hearts are with everybody that's going through this. And I know many people are remembering what it was like in Irene. And the biggest thing and I think you've heard this already is making sure that as the continued weather changes that Vermonters are taking all of the steps to understand what their risks are and that they're trying to stay safe. As you heard from the Governor, FEMA and the entire Biden-Harris Administration were here ready to support. We had teams on the ground prior to the declaration so we could be ready to respond immediately. That includes our incident management teams to help with the overall federal coordination as well as our search and rescue teams. And we will continue to send additional resources as we work with the Governor and his team to understand what the needs are as we go into the recovery phase, but even to continue to support the ongoing response. And thanks to the swift approval of the Governor's request for disaster declaration by President Biden, that gives us the ability to mobilize the entire federal family to come in here and provide those life-saving, life- sustaining response needs that are so critical right now in this current phase of the disaster. And as you heard from the Governor, today is about understanding what those impacts are, understanding what the total extent of damage is across Vermont so we can make sure that we are turning on the right programs and bringing the right resources in here to support the ongoing recovery efforts. As we work with the Governor's office to better understand the overall extent and the impact of this, I think you've already heard this from the Governor and you've heard this from the Commissioner, but it's worth repeating.  I know that we are expecting more rain and so you need to make sure that you are not putting yourself in harm's way, that you're not moving into walking through or driving through water, especially moving water. We know that it takes just six inches of water for somebody to be wiped off of their feet. And in that water, we see a lot of debris. We see downed power lines. We see things that can cause additional damage. And so I really encourage everybody, please do not walk, do not swim or do not drive through these waters, even as they're starting to recede. Be very cognizant of what the future rain is going to bring over the next couple of days. As you're starting your cleanup process and your recovery process, one thing that I really want to emphasize to everybody here is you do not need to wait to be able to see if FEMA is going to come do an inspection. Take pictures, document your damage, gather your important papers, contact your insurance company, have all of that information available. But you do not need to wait to start the cleanup process. The faster you can get that moved out and the debris moved out of your home, the easier it's going to be for the recovery time. And so as you continue to do this and as we continue to see what the extent of the damages are, I just want everybody here to know that FEMA is going to be here to support Vermont, to support the governor and all of your needs. As you transition from response and into the recovery phase, we will be here with you. So with that, I would just say, stay safe, stay strong. And with that, I will turn it over to Senator Sanders. Thank you very much, Administrator, Commissioner, thank you. Governor, thank you and your team for the hard work that they are doing. There's not much that I can add to what has already been said. I think we all understand we are now living through the worst natural disaster impact the state of Vermont since 1927, where dozens of people died at that time. And thank God, at this point, we have not seen any fatalities and we all hope that that will be the case. What we are looking at now are thousands, thousands of homes and businesses, which have been damaged sometimes severely. We're looking at roads and bridges, some of which have been wiped out and will need basic and fundamental repairs. And I want to echo what everyone else has said here. Right now, as we speak, you have road crews and emergency teams. We're working 24-7 to save lives and save property. They are incredible heroes and heroines, and we all thank them very much for what they are doing. What the delegation, Senator Welch and Congresswoman Ballant and I are working very hard on is to make sure that all of the relevant federal resources are brought into this state as quickly as possible. I spoke to the President yesterday from, he was in Europe, and he has pledged to do everything that he and his team can do. And that's why Administrator Chris Welch is here today assessing the damage. We will be working not only with FEMA, which will play a prominent role in our recovery. We'll play a prominent role in the cleanup efforts, the mitigation efforts. We'll be working with the Department of Transportation, the Department of Agriculture, and other federal agencies. I also want to make clear that our delegation, we talked about that a moment ago, will do its best to make sure that the private insurance companies are respond quickly and effectively to the needs of the people of Vermont. I'm going to work with them to make sure that they are not nickel and diming people but are responding to the real damage that people are seeing. So with that, let me thank the Administrator for being here and the great work that she and her team are doing. And I am confident that when we stand together, we are going to do the best that we can to get out of this catastrophe. Thank you. And now let me introduce Senator Welch. Thank you very much. Governor Scott, thank you so much for just an incredible response on your part, but also on the part of your entire team. It's really inspiring to see everyday Vermonters showing up for work and whatever it takes to be done to help Vermonters be safe and to recover, you recover, you do it. And it's all about cooperation and it's all about not complaining, it's all about facing the day before you. And every Vermonter whose home has been affected has just got a long, very tough road ahead. I remember as many of you do, folks going back to their homes after Irene and there'd be a couple of feet of mud in the basement, neighbors would be showing up helping to dig it out. But it's tough, it's long and the recovery begins today. So all of us are just inspired by the work of the first responders, the emergency management professionals, National Guard, the medical folks, everyone. I also want to thank the reporters. You know, this is a time when local news is what people absolutely need desperately. And the news that has been provided by our press court has been, I think, a real security for Vermonters to know what's going on. So thank you for that. You know, all of us have a job to do. Those of us in the delegation led by Senator Sanders and with me and Congressman Banley. There's a couple of things that we have to do and we'll just be coordinating with the governor's office. One is FEMA is dealing with an unprecedented number of national disasters. They're going to need a plus up in their funding. We're going to do every single thing we can to make sure the FEMA has the funds to do everything that Vermonters are entitled to. And we've received Bernie and I in the center floor assurances and offers of help, including from Republicans. This is a real emergency. It's not the use of the name to try to leverage spending on something else. This is an emergency. So our job will be to make certain that the funds are there so that FEMA can do everything on behalf of Vermonters that Vermonters need and are entitled to. Second, there's a lot of hassles that folks face with paperwork and as much as everyone tries to make that as simple as possible, it can be difficult. Bernie and Becca and I are going to coordinate our casework teams so that we can try to provide the best and quickest and most efficient response to Vermonters. So we'll be out there in addition to what Senator Sanders said about about keeping an eye on and doing all we can to encourage insurance companies to be fair and to be quick. So this is going to be an ongoing process and we will be all in to back up the very hard on the ground work. Ultimately, it's about that business. It's about that Vermont family that wants to get back in action, have their feet on the ground and be able to move ahead and we will do our part and I'm quite proud to be here with Vermonters who are working so hard and so effectively to respond to the needs of our citizens. Thank you. And now Congressman Ballant. Rebecca. Thank you. So my message to Vermonters is really simple. It's that this kind of event brings up a tremendous amount of trauma for communities and for individuals. I know from speaking with people across the state in the last few days, they're still reeling from the pandemic and this emergency has brought up memories of what happened during Tropical Storm, Irene. We cannot overstate the impact that trauma can have on the lives, particularly of children and adolescents. So as the governor said, you know, we have seen Vermonters stepping up to help out each other. I know that's going to continue to happen. You can sign up to volunteer on vermont.gov. Please do that. Don't self deploy. As the governor said, please be part of a coordinated a coordinated event in terms of helping your neighbors. But on the day to day, what I'm asking Vermonters to do is be gentle with one another. This is a difficult time for so many for families, for individuals, for small businesses and also for farmers. As we were driving down from the airport, saw lots of cropland that has been destroyed. As we know, even on a good day, farming in Vermont, it's tough to to make ends meet. So please be gentle with your neighbors. Let let them know that you're there for them and we are going to be there for you. Our teams will be coordinating. We'll stay in close contact with administrator Chris Well and with the governor and we are strong. We're going to get through it together. Thank you. And the governor again. Thank you, Becca. Um, we'll now open it up to questions mentioned farm lands being flooded. Would that be something covered under the emergency declaration that's already been approved by the president? We need to separate. I believe there's there's some separation there, but I might. Right. The agriculture piece is not part of what the Stafford Act covers. That would be work that we can help coordinate with the Department of Agriculture to make sure we get the right federal representatives in here to better understand what the impacts are. Administrator, as Senator Long mentioned, an unprecedented number of natural disasters. Can you talk about the role of climate change and how we're responding? Yeah, you know what I can say is that my two plus years so far in this role is that I have seen an increase in records being broken, right? Records that have stood for decades or even a century, and it's happening over and over again. And so climate change is a factor, I think, in what we are seeing as a result of this increase in the amount of rain that's coming and not just an event like this, but even in our hurricanes. And we have to start to think about what is this going to look like in 10 years from now so we can understand what those risks are going to be because I think what we're facing today is not what we faced 10 years ago. And so in order to help reduce the impacts of that, we really need to start to better understand what it's going to look like 10 and 20 years from now so we can use our mitigation dollars to help reduce those impacts and help these communities be more resilient. The most recent information I have is that they're in Jeffersonville, but that there are threats and potential calls for our swiftwater rescue assets in other places in Lemoyle County. I don't know if we can go down. Is that just a consequence of the storm moving north and so the worst impacts are still in the north area? Presently? I can't answer that. I don't know if the governor can. Well again, I mean, water flows downhill, right? So we've seen it here. It's starting to get crested and is lowering in the Montpelier area, but that means the water is heading somewhere else and that's to Chittenden County. And so we're seeing the elevation there and we're seeing it in communities like Jeffersonville and Johnson as well. With the forecast being what it is, situations like the Wrightsville Dam, what are the levels of concern there? Yeah, we've been concerned about that since last Sunday. And so we've been monitoring the level. As you know, it got up to about one foot below where we'd have to open up the gates, but we were able to get through that moment. So we're monitoring it at this point and that's my one of my biggest concerns is what about Thursday and Friday? And if we'll just have to see what it brings us, but we're monitoring the situation and trying to make sure that we allow for some capacity as we can to lower, you know, create more reservoir capacity at Wrightsville in particular, but all the other dams as well. So it's not just there, we're looking across the state. So what are you anticipating now Thursday and Friday? We don't know. I mean, the Weather Service is telling us in our SEOC brief this morning, they were thinking maybe one to two inches Thursday and Friday, but as you've seen over the last year, you never know what you're going to get. I mean, they can try and predict to their best ability, but I wouldn't say that we knew that we were going to get seven to nine inches in this past storm. So we'll see what happens Thursday and Friday, but we're monitoring the situation. I was going to say what is the state's preparation? Well, again, we want to preserve what we have, trying to alleviate some of the structures in terms of the damage done in front of their culverts and box culverts and so forth so that we can allow water to go through them, because that's where a lot of the damage has been clogging up the inlets as well, trying to make sure that we have the capacity in those reservoirs so that we can allow for more capacity. I know Barry and Montpelier are under water services. Are you aware of any other towns that are and are there any plans that these might be under that boil water notice, but Commissioner Morrison. Yes, there are multiple communities. I don't know the exact number, but there's a real-time list of the impacted water districts, so remember it's not by town, it's by the water district where you get your water service from and that website can be again, can be found .gov forward slash flood. Yeah, the Governor members of the delegation and the Minister have to exit out of this story now. If everyone can stay put, as they do so, the rest of the team and the representatives of people will be able to stay and answer additional questions. Oh, you're staying and I'm staying too. No, I think you're wrong. Oh, I don't know the commercial industry. That was the Governor. Okay. Are you going to continue to facilitate your reaching? Yeah, people are very good. One of the questions I have is so the FEMA money, the federal money we're getting, is this a loan? Is this a grant? Is it a loan? What's the breakdown? Yeah, so hi everyone. I'm Lori Erlick. I'm the regional administrator and I think there are today is a day for assessment where we're going to be determining the extent of the damage and then what we'll follow after will be, you know, depending on that, that assessment will be what the funding will be. So it's hard to characterize it at this point, but after the assessment we will certainly know more and I know that the we'll see a lot of implementation. This is a suit for you and do you foresee the farm bell as playing any role and do you have to deliver funds to the fund? I don't see that. I see the current structures we have through FEMA and we're going to need I think a supplemental as we've been talking about that and if there's some specific the head of NOAA yesterday and asked him that question. And as it has been reported, the warmer weather, particularly over the ocean, that then comes across the country and is here in Vermont, means that there's much, much more moisture in the air. So a rainstorm pre-climate change would not have dumped in some places nine inches of rain. But all of that moisture in the air gets turned into rain that then gets added to the volume, which is enormous. So that is very much a climate change related situation. And then of course, with our ridge lines, it just created a dynamic, a weather dynamic where it lingered longer. And with the combination of the lingering and the excess moisture that is climate change related, we had this vast volume of rain that pre-climate change, we wouldn't have had it, would it just been a storm? Question for Commissioner Morrison. It might be also dry to the government, it's obviously not here. But was the state government lacking the response in the early stages? The emergency command center closed Monday night when the storm was at its worst. We did not close. We did not close. That is incorrect information. We went virtual. We had to evacuate the EOC in Waterbury. We never shut down the Emergency Operations Center and every position was filled and leaning in virtually until we could re-aggregate ourselves here at this building. So that is incorrect information that we chose not to call out when it was originally published. But let me now call it out and make it very clear. We have activated our EOC since Sunday afternoon and it has been in continuous operation. And as the disaster became, the scope of it became clear, we have bolted on more and more partners. So we never closed the EOC. Do you think that hinder operations from understanding emergency management did not know 89 was closed till Channel 3, but no? That is not true either. Listen, you guys are the professionals in this. You know that misinformation is as big an issue as information and the information you share. That is also untrue. I don't know what your source is, but it is untrue. We have chosen to focus on the important pieces of this disaster, which is an outstanding, well-oiled and well-practiced response. And both of the things you've just said are untrue and we can unpackage that at another time. In regards to the dam and managing capacity of our dam, what does that look like in terms of releasing some water or how do you manage that? I don't think I have any. Do you want to speak to that, Eric? Yeah, are you talking about the big dam? This is Eric Forend, who is the interim director of Vermont Emergency Management. We don't have a representative of the Department of Environmental Conservation here right now, but he will maybe be able to give you some high-level information. We've had that. I think the governor was concerned with the rights field dam in particular. Yeah, the rights field dam is the ones the governor has been speaking about. We've had eyes on it since Sunday night. But what is happening is they get to a certain procedural step. The water's high enough. It has to go through the overflow. Again, there was some misinformation about its failure, eminent failure, not accurate. It's acting in the way that it's supposed to act, which gives us time to understand what the downstream effects are going to be. So if we know that it's going to release a certain amount of water, a certain amount of cubic feet, we know how far it's going to go. We know how far we need to evacuate folks. We could send teams to do that. We did that the other day. That dam specifically is now set down to about a foot under and it's sat there and it's stabilized. So we have different teams at different dams because in Vermont, one agency doesn't own all dams.  So we have those individuals here and we are watching them. The governor seemed to be suggesting though that we were going to be lowering the level of the dams in order to create capacity. Did I miss something, Chandler? My name's Maggie Gendron. I'm the deputy secretary for the agency of natural resources which oversees Department of Environmental Conservation, Forest Parks and Rec and Fish and Wildlife. So our attention was really focused on the three flood control dams in Waterbury, Middlesex, which is Wrightsville and Eastbury. Wrightsville is at reduced risk. We are going to continue to monitor it as everybody has said, given that we're watching the weather events. We just have to be vigilant. Our lead dam safety expert was sleeping at the Waterbury Dam Reservoir to release the dam floodgates and close and open them as necessary to keep communities safe. So when it comes to the Wrightsville Dam in particular, we are, again, we're at reduced risk. We have been very fortunate that our facilities here in Vermont have withstood this pressure. It doesn't mean that we're not concerned as we move forward with more precipitation coming. So our dam safety program has been working with the Army Corps of Engineer to do an analysis, exactly like Eric just said, to understand that if more precipitation comes and we're monitoring these levels, what does it look like for downstream so that we as dam owners can give the best data and information to emergency management so they know how to mobilize communities and keep everybody safe. So in terms of your question, we're not there yet, but the purpose of the way that the dam is set up is to withstand flood. And so it has its own mechanisms in place built into the structure to do that. So we call it the spillway. It's pretty much an overflow system. So that's where we're at right now. So we just wanna make sure because there was a lot, again, misinformation about Wrightsville, where it reduced risk, we're watching it, we're monitoring it closely and our team takes very seriously the responsibility to give information to Vermonters as we get it. It would seem that if the dam is only a foot above the spillway and there's storms coming that you've already discussed that there would be the need or maybe it makes sense to do some limited release to create capacity behind dams. Is that not what you're talking about? So the management of dams is a really technical profession and I'm happy to get you the answer to that question. I don't have it. I would be more comfortable having our dam engineers give you the information to that. So I'm happy to give you my information. Did you wanna speak to the fact that that's only the three dams that the state owns and there are hundreds of other dams? So the Agency of Natural Resources owns 100 dams in the state of Vermont and we regulate about 800 privately owned and municipally owned dams. So this is a very active space for us right now. Commissioner Morris, I have a question for you. What about healthcare infrastructure? Are hospitals accessible? Are they staffed? How is that looking right now? To my knowledge, they are all accessible. They are all staffed. During the course of the last 72 hours, I believe we had one personnel related request to help facilitate bringing staff to a hotel that where a lot of the roadways were closed. But to my knowledge, unless you shake your head, no. The only other situation is a water situation at Copley that we're rectifying. They're under a boil water notice. So we're Copley. So we are reaching out for resources to that and it may be to FEMA, but we're working on that now. What about delivery routes and supply chain for essential goods? You can use food, medication, gasoline, fuel. Have there been any interruptions that you're aware of of those deliveries to this game? Joe, do you want to backstop them? Yeah, on our side from the emergency services and emergency management, no. We've had no issues. And I would just add to that. You heard me yesterday say that our first priority is the national highway system. Our second priority are arterial routes that feed that. And I think I told you that our third priority are the critical routes that supply hospitals and other key resources. That's not to say we wouldn't take immediate intervention if a hospital had a need. But we at VTRANS and along with our partners have been actively working since this thing began to keep those routes established. We do currently have some interruption on rail, but we will have a forecast of when that should all be restored as soon as possible. And that's most fuel deliveries that come into supply now? There's multiple commodities, but it's primarily fuel. There is some lumber. There's some animal feed. Yeah, thank you. Secretary Flynn, have you noticed an improvement due to the structural improvements from Irene? Yes. We work closely with the Agency of Natural Resources, primarily the Department of Environmental Conservation after Irene, to take a look at specifications for how we design bridges. In fact, immediately after Irene, back at the National Life Facility, where both A&R and VTRANS at one time were on different floors, we embedded structural engineers with river engineers on the same floor and adjoining cubicles. No more silos just because we were separate agencies so that we could best understand the sort of pressures that you've heard of, you know, climate concerns so that we could best understand the forecast for the pressures we would see in the future, you know, that affect the hydrology and how we design structures. I think I may have mentioned yesterday, but an example would be a bridge that might have been built in the 60s when the highway system was established was perhaps a bridge that had a pier in the center of the watercourse with abutments on each shoulder, on each bank. Today, we're designing bridges differently so that they can span that watercourse without having to have a pier in the center. Now, that's not to say you won't find a bridge with a pier in it and remind me of that, but that might be one that's been built a while. So we are looking to do things like that, to create a wider opening for debris and more water to pass through bridges so that like you saw in Irene when we had 34 bridges that were either destroyed or what primarily happened was the debris would come downstream and it would hit the pier in the middle and it would go around the abutments and it would take out the approaches of the road to the bridge. So the actual structure survived, but you couldn't get onto it. So there's been a lot of things like that that have been beneficial lessons learned since Irene. For the state, all on your program, if you ever talking about it, we have any kind of response or numbers on what that's gardener so far since it started, is there a key number you guys are maybe trying to get to and one of those people can expect to be kind of deployed, if you will? So as we mentioned, the volunteer website, we're advocating everyone to go sign up through that. As of yesterday morning, there had already been 300 folks that were signed up. We're also working with Sir Vermont who has another 200 AmeriCorps that are getting staged and ready to assist. This one provides a little more insight into the ongoing rescues. Whether this is a situation where people are isolated because of damage to their homes, or there are people who are stuck in their cars, I mean, have they been there this entire time? Any other details as well? So I can't give you any details about what they're doing right this minute because my information is several hours old. I can tell you that last night, one of the rescues was someone who drove around a road that was meant to be closed and got into trouble and they had to rescue somebody from a vehicle. There were 30 or so people and many animals rescued from a residence, from residential structures in the Jeffersonville area. And I don't know if there was another one off somewhere along the way. But as to what they're doing right this minute, I don't know. But if that's important to you, we can certainly get back to you on it. And I'm wondering in the shelters, how many people are on the line on that? Do you recall the numbers? I don't know. We do have census data that we can provide to you. We have census data as of the activity last night and we can get that to you if you're interested in that. We can get you the information for the state run shelters and we are in the process of collecting the information for the locally run and the Red Cross run shelters. So some of the homeless hotels have been flooded out. Any, as far as you know, have those folks been able to relocate to some of the shelters, the state shelters? I don't have that information. I think that would be an agency of human services question. Jen, you said something about urging people to stay off of the waterways of the state and obviously understand not going through areas that are flooded in cars. But in Montpelier yesterday, there were all manner of people taking to kayaks and paddleboards and canoes. And these people, some of them have businesses, they're trying to check on. I mean, are you urging people, can you clarify what you're urging them not to do? You don't want them to be doing any of that? No, it's not safe. I mean, it's a do so at your own risk. There can be downed electrical lines. There can be oil, gasoline, other hazmat materials in that water that's flowed over the waterways. There can be street sign metal spikes that you could slip and fall on. I mean, there's all sorts of hazards in the water when you can't see to the bottom. So our recommendation is stay out of flooded areas and stay off the rivers until we get to a place where the currents have calmed down, the water's not so churned right now, everything is brown, you cannot see, and the debris has been abated to some degree. I have updated shelter members and folks. These are the active shelters. Jason gives the governor's to the staff. Barry Auditorium, 58, Cavendish, School, zero, Hartford High School, three, Ludlow Community Center, eight, Northern Vermont University, Johnson Campus, 30, Rutland Senior High School, four, Smuggler's Notch, 45, Woodstock, EMS Building, zero. This is a question for the deputy secretary. Has there been any sort of mitigation of efforts of any fuel or oil spills and thinking of getting tanks that have been charged? Yeah, so we have a, as commissioner had mentioned, we have on our website, we have created a flood portion of that. And that's a space where we're going to educate Vermonters on what to do about drinking water, septic and wastewater, hazardous materials. And so we have one pagers on instructing folks on what to do with that. And we'll be working with our partners, both contractors and other state and federal agencies to participate in that cleanup. Like I said, right now we're still in emergency management mode and we'll be, and we're simultaneously transitioning to recovery. So we're starting to post all of that information. We'll be working with Front Porch Forum, Vermont Leagues of Cities and Towns to get that information out rapidly to communities. Is there any concern about flammability and those sorts of situations? I have not heard of any concern to date. Do you know about the rates of disturb from the wastewater facilities? I don't, but we do have that information. I don't have it with me right now. I can get that for you. Secretary Flynn, do you have an updated number of state road closures for 10? I do. So since I reported. Before we have a one minute. Okay. 46 roads remain closed, seven roads remain partially open, 33 roads have opened since I last spoke to you yesterday. And really quickly, we are still working to inspect 35 bridges around the state of Vermont. We currently only know of two bridges that we lost. Significant difference from Irene. As I mentioned, there is some damage to state owned rail property and that is continuing to be assessed today. Much of it has to be hiked on foot in some very remote areas, especially along the Green Mountain Railroad between Rotland and Bellas Falls. Both the Amtrak, Ethan Allen and the Ramonner remain suspended at this time. The state owned airports are okay. And AOT also owns two dams, which at this time are not providing any problems. Pardon me. The floating bridge in Brookfield and I'm going to forget the route number. So don't hold me to this, but it might be route 132, but it's in Burshire. We're still looking for the bridge, but we're not going to put it back. We just are curious where it went to. I'm sorry, the second number you said of the parking lot closer to the city. Seven. So what that means is one lane restriction. Hoping for traffic, but restricted. Question for FEMA. I might be getting ahead of myself here, but are there any thoughts of... So it's a great question and it's certainly something that FEMA is working on nationally. I think we've discussed climate change here, but I think nobody doubts anymore whether or not we're having more storms, whether there's more flooding events, whether there's sea level rise. I mean, these things are not really open for debate anymore. So the implications on our flood maps are something that we have to account for. So I know this is a hot topic right now, but certainly something that's on FEMA's radar. Sure, yeah, sure. Lori L-O-R-I, last name is Erlich E-H-R-L-I-C-H, two H's. And I'm the regional administrator, region one for FEMA, and region one is all six states of New England and 10 tribal nations. Thank you. You're very welcome. Thank you everybody.


In this video, we provide the solution to question number two for the practice final exam from at 1060 In which case we're asked to compute the midpoint of the line segment that joins the points negative 2 1 and 4 comma 5 So the midpoint between two points in the plane is just gonna be the average of the x coordinates and the y coordinates So the midpoint is gonna look like negative 2 plus 4 over 2 So we average the x coordinates and then 1 plus 5 over 2 we average the y coordinates Negative 2 plus 4 is positive 2 over 2 and then 1 plus 5 would be 6 over 2 And so divided by 2 we end up with 1 comma 3 and so we see that the correct answer would be choice E


बाह्तिकलगी भी शट्यावा, तीबाहाँ हो आमौह्य रच्टेंका, एक अगर लिए सचार्दाठा चार्दागा, एक न्या सचाचाक है, यी जब च्टेश्झ में ज़ोवाद एक णेगा, आप तक प्रतिकलगा हो आप यस सचाचाचा सचाचाचाचाचाचाचाक, because there are a lot of people who are not so good with maths and they are always worried about these questions. So I thought of making a video in which I can summarize all the comments which are most often There in the network. And if you practice these particular questions, you can learn how to do these particular questions, then nobody can stop you from getting those 10 marks in mathematics reasoning section. अपने इच्टारी है के थी तो आप करने इच्टारी और या बाह� realised question is not to solve these questions because there are amazing, इच्टारी हो आब खुबार रे तिछा सब ठी सावों और लगत तीटेंटे रेखागावा। Mayazing YouTubers out there which can provide you the detailed explanation and provide you the detailed method of how to solve each particular question. But my intention here is to give all the major questions kinds, questions categories jisko aap note down karke, अप मेह ख़ाथ करतेंगी परत्तोओ करपाही So, lets start. So, the first kind of question that you will see in the question paper is Coding Decoding. Alphabet Series aapko debi jati hai and aapko bola jata hai, ki is Alphabet Series ka next term find out karhe yaf hur aapko aise questions debi demghe that if a streamer is coded as तुब आपको सब से देकना हूँए तुब की यो लाँभिट साप को दिये हैं कि बीच में को अई रिलेचन हैं प्लास् माइनूस का या फिर तीना लाँभिट खोड के या फिर दो पीचे आ दो आप्टबिट आगे यह यह तो मना बबगर श्मेद रहाँ, तो अफह पादी हो ज़ा. यह आई खान है, यह वेले हैं यह तो एक बवोख़े लेई मू कई ख़ूँग ख़ोँगी था च्थे कोँग्चे अनपा सूली.. अप यह आप द़र ज़ोग रहा आद छाए ख़ूँँ आप, ज़ेसे हर जगे एकी जगे ल योज़ा आ है तो आपको पता है अगर आपके आन सर में यही आई है तो उसकी जगे एल ही कोड होगा आप भी वान्टरिंग कि वो गार अपने चान बने वारट्फाट कोडिंग के ख़जनज आथए है और स्वाओ्र प्ने में अप दोग़ा वो वो इसी लिग छुप.. विप्जान मुऊवी कि और वो दोगं कम उवो प्ड़ा है आद लिए लिए वहाद दब प्रीई कलुवायमा तुओवाबखर. अप भी लिग होगजा़, भी आपकाट्टाणे आद, लिमगे ही भी आपकाटिग हो समझा ड़़ लेगे ख्छमुए लागे गर याद, ओगे द़ ड़़ थी होगने चाना औगने जर शकता है, तो उज़को त्रेस अगर कर भी लिया जाए, तो उनका मीनिंग पताना चले, that is why coding decoding question you will get in almost all competitive exams. So make sure that you get alphabet series coding decoding questions. That is the first important type of question that you will see in UGC net paper one. The next category of question that you will see is directions. So in the question of directions you will get some kind of question that a man walks 10 meters in front and then walks 5 meters towards the left and then walks 6 meters towards the right. How far is he from the starting point? Now to tackle these questions, first of all you have to make a diagram. Don't try to do calculations in your mind. Make a diagram and beware of this thing. Right and left. Because many times when we make a diagram, our left or the person standing there, his left will be different. Just like my left will be different and your left will be different. Because I am standing on the other side. Apart from this solving these questions is very easy.  This is how you have to solve it. So either way it is very simple. 5, 10, these kind of small numbers are given to you. So calculation is also simple. So making a diagram is complicated. So you can go to YouTube channels of different YouTubers and you can find out videos on how you can solve direction questions. So you will get a lot of help from this. Why am I telling you this? Because you won't be able to understand any book's narration as much as you can through videos. So it is always better to note down the question types from my videos. And for every question type if you have any problem, then watch the videos through which you will be able to understand how those particular questions are solved. Next type of questions are based on relationships. So you will get a question like A is the brother of B and C is the daughter of D and A is mother of D. So how is A, B and C related? You will get a complex question like this. The best way to solve this is to make a diagram. Like we used to make a family tree in our childhood, we made a family tree. And write down the relation of each character. For example if we are saying A and B are brothers. So A and B have to draw a line in between and write down brothers. So that you know what is their relation. Similarly if we say A is the brother of B, then don't write it down in between. Write it down below A. Because A is the brother of B. The intention can be that B is a girl and not a boy. So A and B are brothers. Means A and B are both male. But A is the brother of B. Means B is female too. So A is the sister of B. So take care of these small things. And the best way to solve these questions is by making diagrams. Because when you make diagrams, you get a clear cut picture. And then it becomes really easy to answer the question. So make diagrams. It may take more than 20 seconds. But those 20 seconds will save you from error. So never skip the process of making diagrams. Never jump to an answer. Do make a provision of a diagram. And then based on that diagram, attempt the question. The next type of question is number series. No, students are very scared of the question. Because they think that we are not able to solve it. It is very complex. How to know which will be the next term. Look, I am telling you very clearly that number series is very easy. When I first gave the question of number series, I tried to identify its types. What types of number series are there? For example, one number series is multiplication. 2, 4, 8, 16. This is a number series. In this, you can see that each digit is multiplied by 2. 2, 0, 1 into 2, 2 into 2, 4 into 2, 8, 8 into 2, 16. Very simple. Either it will be a multiplication series or it will be a square or cube root series. For example, 1. Then we have the next number as 4. Then we have 27. Then we have 16. So now you will see that 1's cube, 2's square, 3's cube, 4's square. This is how the series is going on. So you have identified. As soon as you have done this, you will find out the next number. It has become very easy. Similarly, there is a different type of series. Plus or minus. In which either something is 5 or 10 plus. Or something is minus. So when you take out the difference between the two numbers, automatically you will get to know whether plus or minus series is there. There is a different type of number series in the prime number series. In the prime number series, the difference between the two numbers will always be a prime number. So the prime number series is also easy to identify. So if you know the categorization of the number series, then any series in front of you, you can apply every category in it. So you will get to know that it is not being multiplied. It can be plus and minus. Or it can be square root, cube root. You can solve it in this way. There is a little time consuming. But with practice, obviously if you can move mountains, then solving the number series will be very easy. The next kind of challenging question that you will see in the paper is linear equation in two or three variables. Now we have solved a lot of linear equations in the 8th, 9th and 10th standards. But because it is too late, we did not practice it. We have forgotten that concept. So linear equation in two variables have two important things. Number one, you should form an equation. And number two, how to solve that equation, how to get the value of the variables. So you will see a lot and a lot of videos on YouTube talking about how to solve linear equation in two variables and how to solve linear equation in three variables. So my humble request is that if you encounter a linear equation question, please don't leave it. At least watch 2-3 YouTube videos. Try to solve those questions and I am pretty sure that it will be very easy for you. If you understand the concept and how to solve it, then it is very easy to target the questions of linear equations. The tricky question is when you are asked about age. You will be given a question in which you will be given two characters and you will be asked how to find out age. Like Anil is 3 times older than Sunita. 3 years back Anil was twice as old as Sunita. So find the current age of Anil and Sunita. In cases, the best way is to make a table. I have already shown this table on the screen so that you can understand that to make an equation of these questions, first of all you need to make a table. After that, make an equation and then solve the equation. I am telling you, 110% of your questions will be correct. In the question of linear equations only the tricky part is to make an equation. Because solving equations is very easy. The values that are given in a linear equation question, they are very small. So there are not many calculations. You have to put a lot of mind. In stats or you solve DIs, there are a lot of calculations. There are no calculations. If you want to learn to make an equation and solve it, you have to solve it in 30-40 seconds. So that is about linear equation in 2 or 3 variables. The next kind of questions are ratio questions. In which ratios are given and you have to solve equations. For example, if they give you a question like 2 numbers are in the ratio 3 is to 5. If 9 is subtracted the numbers then the ratio becomes 12 is to 23. Find the numbers. There is a pattern to solve these questions. You have to put ratios in fractions and solve them. I have displayed the solution of this question on the screen. So you can see how simple it is to form the equation. But the only tricky part is that you do not listen to the questions of ratios and make mistakes. Many people use 2 variables. One variable creates an equation and the equation is the only one. If you use 2 variables x and y then you need 2 equations to solve them. I used this mistake for a long time but then after understanding how to solve them I got this idea that you have to use one variable while you are solving a ratio question. So for the ratio question you will get YouTube videos. You can watch those videos understand how it is solved and then practice 5-10 questions. Once you understand the concept then after practicing you will never face any problem. If you directly practice without understanding the question then you will feel as if you do not know anything. So first understand the concept and the solution of the question. After that solve 5-10 questions which you have to do If you follow the same pattern for every kind of question then you will see that you are able to solve mathematical reasoning questions. When I was analyzing the previous year of papers, another question which I saw many times is the question of average or mean. You will get this question that the average of 4 numbers a,b,c,d is 100 and 70 is the other numbers. So in this category what you need to do is that the formula which we used in our childhood upon number of observation you have to use it to solve this question. This is also very easy. If you know a formula and you know how to reach that formula The last kind of questions that you can see in the paper are permutation and combination questions. When I was in 10th standard there was an entire chapter dedicated to permutation and combination and on the basis of the chapter all the questions come. So you will get a question in which it will be said that a group of 7 members and the majority of the boys have 6 boys and 4 girls. So now you need to find out number of ways in which this group can be formed. This is a very strange question. But just like the average question it also has a formula. If you know that formula you know how to apply that formula in the question then there are no calculations very easily within 45 seconds you will be able to solve it. So for permutation and combination I will also recommend that you put it on YouTube and you will find a lot of videos through which you will understand and then you have to practice. So these are few important kind of questions which you will find repeatedly asked in net exam So if you have mastered these questions then definitely you will be scoring really really good marks in net exam. So that's it for this video lecture. I have tried to summarize all the important types of questions that you will come across in the paper. Also I have tried to give you guidelines on how you can solve questions concerning mathematical reasoning. If you like this video then do give it a big fan thumbs up and also subscribe to this channel because I post videos on paper 1 and paper 2 every weekend. So if you too are preparing for UGC net then this channel is for you. Do subscribe to this channel so that you are notified every time I post a new video. If you are willing to participate in the free go net quiz and if you want constant updates about UGC, NTA and NetJRF exams then you can go to my social media platforms and follow my social media pages so that you are notified whenever I put a new update. Apart from that you can also visit my website arpithakarva.com I have posted all the previous year papers on my website Apart from that for UGC net English students I am also running online course. So if you are preparing for UGC net English then do go and check the content that you will be getting if you join my online course. So that's it for this video lecture we will meet very soon in the next video lecture. Till the time we meet next happy learning keep loving literature and stay tuned to arpithakarva.com


So we're here at the CS 2019. Hi, so who are you? I'm Chris Kubik and I'm with Schumacher Electric And you have a branding partnership with Motorola? Yes, we do. So we're a licensee of Motorola And we just launched our modular system with them and this right here is a 8,000 milliamp hour battery and Within this modular system you can do a jump starter you can do an AC inverter. Nice You can do a torch light or an area light or even a compressor So all this from this So it's like a little bit like those motor mods Mods, yes, yes modular system modular power modular power system So basically you take these mods and you hook it right into it Hit the power button Laptops No 220 no 220 We're gonna come out with a European version though 220 we would have to design a European plug for that But yes possible We would have to design a European universal plug It's up to it's up to a hundred hundred watts Pretty big mainly laptops mainly laptops electronics. It'll last pretty long. Yes So you get up to four or the charges for for full charge on a laptop Alright, and what do you have right here? This is a so that's a job that jump starter is a jump starter module Basically, this one connects right into here And then you hook up the clamps And then it becomes a little bit dangerous, right? Yeah Stand back. I'm just kidding. Yeah, it becomes a jump starter No, so basically this one with the two battery sizes we're gonna how many times can you park? So with the smaller battery you can do 25 times the larger battery you can do it up to 30 times nice And then you have two different types of lights. Yes two different types of lights. So on this side We have a torch light And then this one right here is an area light for camping Nice and what is this? So that that right there is a air compressor. So you basically take off this cap Plug in plug in the battery. Can we try? Yeah, so it's a prototype right now, but yeah, we can give it a try So you plug in your modular system right there What's right into it and this is gonna monitor the pressure in your car tires Correct, so it's actually gonna inflate your car tire And then and then through this system here. How does it work? You have to so basically you plug this right in Right into your tire and it inflates so you set your PSI once it hits that PSI it automatically stops It's not pumping right? It's not pumping air into the tire. It is pumping air into the tire. From what? From the compressor inside How much is air can be in there? So a hundred hundred and forty PSI How many tires is that? Well, it depends on how large the tire is so If it's a truck tire, it's gonna get I would say I probably like No, so this is a unique system nobody else has this system in the market Yes, you can keep these around use them at anywhere you need to it's very versatile The whole connection well, we view the pricing in the in the press release But each one of these modules right here are $69. Yeah, compressor $69 only 69 for this. Yes This 99 and then also the larger batteries 119 Which has 12,000 or 12,000 million and this is these two these two are 69 as well. This is all right so the minimum price is 69 plus 99 99 the smaller batteries 99, but you just targeting the US US launch in in late spring and then we're going to target in Europe globally, what do you have over here? That right there is a lithium power generator So it's lithium power generator the only way 16 pounds. So very light very light versatile You have two AC plugs three USBs also This has 750 what hour what hour how much is that so you can run a TV for 24 hours On this little device this is Yes Only 16 pounds 8 kilos or something So it just shows you that you can use an extension cord with it if you want to but it's AC But the name Schumacher is Germany right yes, it is that is an American company or yes It's American company. So we've been in business for 72 years Mainly in the automotive aftermarket now we're get branching out into the CE business with See market with the motor world brand name