Give it another two minutes and then we will start another two minutes and then we will start. There was an echo there call I don't know. Yeah, that was me I've taken care of it. Okay. Okay, I'm going to get started. Probably most everybody is in but but more will come. And just to say it's good to see a number of old and newer friends who have joined us that's very nice. I want to welcome you on behalf of Massachusetts peace action and code pink. And I want to thank you for joining our session today, the negotiated settlement of the Russia Ukraine conflict with Anatoly Levin is our featured speaker. Anatoly is joining us from the British countryside of Leicestershire. My name is Joseph Gerson. I'm a member of the mass peace action board and president of the campaign for peace disarmament and common security. The Russia Ukraine war is grinding on. And despite today's are yesterday's diplomatic session in Istanbul Tuesdays actually it does not seem likely that war and the killing will end anytime soon. And even as Moscow has announced that it will be pulling back from the region near Kiev. As the war goes on, the greater the danger that an accident or serious miscalculation to trigger escalation into a broader and potentially even a nuclear war a ceasefire and successful negotiations with us all the more important and urgently needed. Every war for better or worse ends with a diplomatic agreement. What would an agreement ending the Ukraine war look like what are Russia's goals and its bottom line. Russia and and Ukraine sacrifice in exchange for peace. What can Ukraine and Russia, I'm sorry, what can the US and NATO, what were their goals and and are the mediation efforts by Turkey France and other countries at all useful. And what more is needed. And what can we as US civil society do to press Congress to help bring the war to an end to answer these questions. And, or at least begin to answer them. We've turned to anatole even extraordinary British political scientists journalists and writer is now senior researcher on Russia and Europe at the Quincy Institute for responsible state craft, newly created Washington think tank, which promotes ideas designed to move us foreign policy, away from endless war and toward vigorous diplomacy in pursuit of international peace. Anatole is deeply involved in helping to develop diplomatic solutions that can bring the Ukraine war to an end, and to build a reasonably just and enduring piece. Anatole served as a journalist in the former Soviet Union and South Asia from 1985 to 1998 is the author of Ukraine in Russia, a fraternal rivalry that goes into the details of the complex ethical and political relationship between Russia and Ukraine. The most recent book is climate change and the nation state. And although anatole's accent informs us that he wasn't born in Boston or Brooklyn, his most recent article focuses on what 20th century US intellectuals can teach us about humility and restraint and war. Also just to say I was happy to see that he began that article, as I often do with wisdom from a US Nobel laureate Bob Dylan. And then first just a few housekeeping details. Our session today will go on for an hour until 2pm. 2pm here on the East Coast, and a total will speak for between 15 and 20 minutes. After that we'll move into our question and answer period. Without the benefits of a Q&A button at the bottom of your screen. Please post your questions in the chat with help from others I'll do my best to keep track of them. And if you can keep your extraneous comments there to a minimum that would be helpful. I should also add that this session is being reported will be posted on several websites, first and foremost, that of messages is peace action. So much for preliminaries. And it's all thank you for joining us and the floor is yours. So much for inviting me it's it's a pleasure. And especially because as you said, our two organizations, you and the Quincy Institute for responsible state craft we have I think very much the the same goals. When it comes to the promotion of peace, the reduction of militarism and searches for international compromises, which are not of course, either simple or, you know, necessarily always ethically clear cut. But unfortunately, we may wish it wasn't, but it is. Well, I'll begin by sketching what I see as the situation on the ground, then talk about the, the present peace process and the agendas of the two sides and then, yes, at the end, say something about what the United States and the West should be doing. Well, firstly, I think that we can take the Russian side as sincere up to a point of course, in the present peace negotiations in so far that is as they want a compromise piece with Ukraine. Naturally that favors what they see as Russia's essential goals for two reasons. The first and the most important is that clearly Russia's invasion has not gone according to plan. The, we cannot say of course for sure what Putin's original plan was but certainly by from the disposition of Russian forces. The first look as if the intention was to either topple the Ukrainian government or to persuade it simply to bow to all Russia's demands. That looks a totally reckless, impossible, unfounded goal. But perhaps we should remember that at the start of the war, that the United States offered to evacuate President Zelensky from Ukraine. And he to his immense credit said no, no, I'm not going to run away I'm going to stay with my people and fight. And if of course he had run away then it is possible that you Ukrainian resistance or at least much of it might have collapsed but of course he didn't and the Ukrainians didn't. And they have fought it out above all they fought it out in the cities of Ukraine. And as a result, the Russian invasion has run into very serious problems. Russia deployed about half of its already quite inadequate forces to try to capture Kiev and they haven't captured Kiev. But as a result of doing this they had completely inadequate forces for all their other operations. It's difficult, you know, adequately to express how badly planned the Russian invasion was they attacked a country of 230,000 square miles from six different directions with fewer than 200,000 men. You know you don't have to be a military expert to see that that's unlikely to go well. But as a result, they've been fought to a standstill in some areas and in others, notably Mariupol have been making only very slow progress. They've also been suffering very heavy casualties now we can't say for sure because of course there's propaganda on both sides. But Ukrainians are claiming to have killed eight Russian generals and I think they probably have because if they hadn't the Russians would have produced those generals alive. They haven't. Now that indicates two things. Heavy casualties and low morale generals don't lead from the front in that way, you know, unless their soldiers really need inspiring. Putin today or yesterday announced that he's calling up another 130,000 Russian conscripts to the colors. Now that is a really serious indication of difficulties, because initially it's clear that the, that the Russians tried to avoid as far as possible using conscripts in this war for obvious very good domestic political reasons. The Russian offensive is faltering. And in consequence the Russians, of course with a with a show of making this about, you know, the search for peace are calling off their offensive against Kiev and in order to redeploy their forces to do something which they have not actually managed to do yet in all the six weeks, which is capture the whole of the Donbass and the Russian government of course at the beginning of the war, recognize the independence of the Donbass separatist republics. And not only in the territory that those republics held but in the whole territory of the provinces of Danetsk and Lugansk which so far Russia has not actually been able fully to occupy. So yes, the Russian offensive is in difficulties. And now perhaps just one word here about atrocities and war crimes.  It must be said that the Ukrainian defense has very largely depended as it must do. I'm not blaming the Ukrainians for this in the slightest, but clearly their defense has involved digging in into urban areas and defending them street by street. Now, if you do that the attacking force has the choice either of simply calling off its offensive, or of course traditionally surrounding the city's concerned and starving them to death which is not exactly a humanitarian option. Or of course using massive firepower to blast the defenders out of their positions, which is what by the way America has done again and again in its wars. Now, this, I'm afraid, according to the laws of war does not constitute a war crime. It is the invasion of Ukraine could well be called a crime of aggression, which is of course one reason why the Russian government has, like America, by the way, as well has chosen not to describe it as a war but as a special military operation. But I think we must be careful of double standards when it comes to, you know, accusations of deliberate atrocities and war crimes. If well for two reasons one is because it does obviously raise the issue in much of the rest of the world, particularly of course the Muslim world where I lived for many years. Hypocrisy as far as America is concerned but also because of course the threat to bring Russia and Putin before the international criminal court could become a major obstacle to a peace settlement. Here once again is a case where one's, you know, moral desires, and by the way I should say that I absolutely regard this invasion as a deeply criminal act, both from a humanitarian point of view but also under international law, conflicts with the interests of peace. Now as a result of the problems that the Russian military have run into, Russia has, I said it modified its original political goals but it has also scaled down its demands to the Ukrainians. Russia is, has dropped its demand for the demilitarization of Ukraine, maybe some categories of missiles, it's dropped its demands for the denazification of Ukraine that was also always a very vague demand. And it seems to be willing not to drop its demand for recognition of Ukrainian sovereignty over Crimea and recognition of the independence of the Donbas republics. But from what I gather, Russia is prepared with unfortunately one huge qualification, probably to follow the Ukrainian proposal that these issues be compartmentalized and made the subject of future negotiation. What this would mean, more or less, is what happened in Cyprus, you know, after Turkey invaded Cyprus in 1974 and carved out the unrecognized internationally unrecognized Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. This has been the idea, the prospect, the hope of Cypriot reunification has been the subject of, oh I don't know how many rounds of international negotiation, which of course have never led anywhere. But on the other hand, there has not been a return to war. And interestingly enough, despite Cyprus being enmeshed in this partition and territorial dispute, the Republic of Cyprus or Southern Cyprus was able to join the European Union, which is rather an important point, of course, a very important point as far as Ukraine is concerned, because something else that Ukraine absolutely correctly is insisting on. And Russia appears amazingly enough to have conceded is that any Treaty of Neutrality should leave Ukraine free to join the European Union whenever this should be possible. So a Treaty of Neutrality only applies to NATO as a military alliance. By the way, it also applies, we should remember this, it would rule out Ukraine being brought into a Russian-led security alliance, which was Putin's hope, obviously previously. So it does cut both ways. So you have, I think, you know, genuine moves from both sides towards a peace settlement. And the Ukrainian proposals are, I think, very wise and sensible. As President Zelensky has said, since NATO repeatedly ruled out, refused, not merely to admit Ukraine to NATO immediately, but even to provide NATO with any timeframe for admission to NATO. Clearly, there is no NATO willingness to fight to defend Ukraine, and therefore a Treaty of Neutrality makes excellent sense, as long as it is accompanied by very strong guarantees, of course, international guarantees of Ukrainian security sovereignty. And of course there are good international precedents for this. Several countries in Europe are historically neutral, either by treaty or by internal consensus, Switzerland, Sweden, Ireland, and of course since the Second World War, Finland and Austria. And the Austrian State Treaty provided for the mutual withdrawal of Soviet, British and American occupying forces from Austria, and together with a guarantee of Austrian sovereignty and territorial integrity. It also interestingly enough had a provision, obviously in the wake of the Second World War, for Austrian laws banning neo-Nazi parties. The Finnish Treaty of Neutrality was not part of an international agreement, it was a bilateral agreement with the Soviet Union. There are two interesting features of the Finnish Treaty of Neutrality. The first is that, as has often been said, and I think rightly, the reason why Stalin did not, even after winning basically military victory, try to incorporate Finland in the Soviet Union. Finland was the only territory of the former Russian Empire, as it existed until 1917, that was not incorporated in the Soviet Union by Lenin or Stalin. And the reason for that appears to be that the Finns put up such a tremendously hard fight against the Soviet Army, that it convinced the Soviet government that it would simply be too much trouble to incorporate Finland as part of the Soviet Union. Well, that of course is precisely what the Ukrainians have now done. They have shown by their tremendous resistance and courage and loyalty and the fact that, of course, and this is of critical importance, resistance to the Russian invasion has been shown by ethnic Russians and Russian speakers in the East and South of the country, which is pretty clear the Russian government expected would welcome the Russian invasion. They didn't. They have stayed loyal to Ukraine. This is a matter of tremendous importance. So, I think that in the end, look, no international treaty ever by the very nature of the international system can provide for absolute security. There is no absolute security in this life, or in this world. Treaties can all can always be broken. I have to point out America has done that rather often over the past generation. But on the other hand, I do think that given the resistance of the Ukrainians, given the casualties and losses that Russia has suffered, it is highly unlikely, highly unlikely that if Russia signs a peace treaty with Ukraine that any Russian government would want to repeat this in the future. That is the greatest security for Ukraine. Of course, it must be backed up by other things. It must be backed up by the cast iron guarantee that if Russia does break the treaty and invade again, it will be subjected to the full range of western sanctions. I'll come back to that in a second. But I think it is also worth perhaps pointing out that contrary to many warnings at the time. The Soviet Union did abide by the terms of the treaties with Austria and Finland and did not use their neutrality to invade them subvert them try to promote revolution and so on. In fact, the Soviet Union even withdrew its military base from Finland 40 years before it was obliged to do so under the Finnish Treaty. So, you know, there is a record there. So we have movement, you know, on both sides towards a peace agreement. What is the chief remaining obstacle? Well, that I'm afraid is the Donbas because, as I said, Ukraine appears willing to treat that like Crimea and subject it to basically, you know, a long international diplomatic process. While, of course, demanding but also guaranteeing that there will be no attempt by either side to change the situation on the ground by force.  The problem is that as I say to date, Russia has not even occupied the full territory of the Donbas, on which it has recognized these otherwise unrecognized separatist republics. And clearly the Russian military strategy is now to do that. Finally, you know, weeks into the war. But it will be exceptionally difficult for Ukraine to, you know, not recognize but negotiate on the basis of a ceasefire line, which goes far beyond the ceasefire line where the war began six weeks ago in the Donbas. I fear therefore that in eastern Ukraine there will still be more fighting while Russia tries to consolidate that line. And on the one hand Russia will try to hold considerable territories beyond that, that it has occupied in southern Ukraine, the so called land bridge between Crimea and the Donbas. As a bargaining counter as a means of pressure on Ukraine and also if there is no peace agreement, simply to hold it indefinitely, the Ukrainians absolutely rightly naturally will are conducting counterattacks, especially in the north around Kiev and to drive the Russians out of those areas. So, although, you know, you could say that we have 90% of a peace settlement in place already, the 10% is still going to cost many, many more lives. But as far as the West is concerned, we clearly should be doing everything possible to promote a peace settlement, to end this war, a peace settlement that guarantees Ukrainian security sovereignty. And of course, and this is critical, Ukraine's ability to move towards the West in real terms, and, you know, membership of the European Union. But quite apart from membership of the European Union, just the westernization of Ukraine, economic reform, political reform, anti-corruption measures, and just the openness of Ukrainian society. Now, from this point of view, like, don't take offense, anyone who I'm looking at now, we're all a fear of a certain age. I am, I don't mean everybody in the audience, but I am old enough to have visited Finland and Austria during the Cold War. And of course they were not part of NATO, they weren't even part of the European Union during the Cold War. But if you didn't know that, if you had visited those countries without knowing that, you would never have known that they were not part of the West. They were fully part of the West. Finland in particular, of course, including during the Cold War, has always rated at the top or very close to the top for life satisfaction, quality of life. Austria, by the way, has also been very close to the top. The fact that they were not in NATO did not mean that they were not part of the West, that they were not democracies, that they were not successful social market economies. They were. So I think we need to keep that firmly in mind. And what I think we all have a duty to do, and if, you know, we actually do care about the well-being of the Ukrainian people is to make sure that Western sanctions, which by the way, I totally agree with that Russia should have been very, it was right, very harshly to sanction Russia for the war. But these sanctions were imposed, I mean the new ones this year, in retaliation for Russia's invasion of Ukraine. They must be directed towards the goal of ending the invasion, bringing about a peace agreement and Russian withdrawal. And they must not be used as it is absolutely clear, and many people, Elliot Cohen and others have made explicitly clear their goal, which is to use them for regime change in Russia, and not just regime change, but to weaken. There is certainly a very widespread suspicion in Russia to destroy Russia as a state in order to strengthen America's geopolitical position and isolate China. And, of course, that agenda would be pursued over the bodies of innumerable Ukrainians. Just as America's geopolitical agenda in Afghanistan in the 1980s war I also covered as a journalist from the side of the Mojahedin, but that American agenda was pursued over the bodies of innumerable Afghans, and at the cost of the destruction of the Afghan state, with consequences of course which came back to bite America itself terribly 10 years on. So, I think there is this huge obstacle of the Donbass but on the other hand, there are good grants for peace produced above all once again by the courage and resistance of the Ukrainian people and I think it is, it's our duty to support these moves that we can. Thank you. Thank you, Anatoly, for broad and I think very, very helpful presentation. I know I learned a number of things in relationship to the status of negotiations at the moment. Let me remind people that if you want to pose a question to Anatoly, please put your question in the chat box there. I hope from Cole and others here I'll be able to try and keep track of them. So please put your questions into the chat. Then maybe a question, which came in early and which maybe on the minds of many people who are here from Thomas Baker, is the US actually working toward a quick end to the fighting. Well, that is, you know, that is very much an open question. And there is deep ambiguity from the Biden administration on that. Obviously, there was a gaffe by Biden when he said that Putin could not remain in power. By the way, you know, that is a goal with which I have deep personal sympathy. I would also very much like, very much like to see Putin removed from power. But, you know, we have to recognize that, you know, America has used sanctions to this end several times over by now, in the case of Cuba for 60 years, in the case of Iran for decades. Cuba, Iran, Iraq, Venezuela, North Korea, the only cases where there is some suggestion that it might have worked a South South Africa and Serbia in the great majority of cases, it has failed as a strategy. There have even been strong arguments that this has set has strengthened the regime's concerned. And there are, by the way, signs of that in Russia as well today as the Russian regime consolidates its hold on the economy. It's grip on the elites. It's grip on the media. But also as there are, you know, there is evidence that this sense, you know, of the West being implacably against us is actually creating increased support for Putin in the population and even in sections of the elite who at the beginning of the war were absolutely horrified by the invasion. So, I think it is, yeah, I mean, once again, I am not sure that the Biden administration, let alone the wider American establishment is actually committed to peace in Ukraine and I think we need to really keep them up to the mark on that. Another question kind of following on around US policy several kind of relating to the question war crimes and international criminal court. Your one question is how can a war criminal make demands. And here, I mean, the kind of related question be with the United States not having joined the international criminal court. How can it be making similar demands on Russia. And the other is that when Russian forces deliberately target building sheltering women and children and the elderly or bomb clearly residential buildings, along with preventing innocent people from trying to escape these attacks. What do these constitute for crimes. Well, I mean the answer to the first is, um, you know, many people in the world thought that the invasion of Iraq was a crime of Gresham. But you still had to go on talking to the Russian government of Russian, I'm sorry, American government, because it was the American government and you have to go on talking to America. So I was a journalist in in Afghanistan. And then in recent years I since the fall of the Taliban I also made several visits to Afghanistan. I was part of track two efforts in Afghanistan I was also part of track to diplomacy efforts between India and Pakistan. Now, you know, on both sides in Afghanistan, both in the 1980s and then in a different way, you know, under us. And with very nasty people, at least on one side frequently on both sides, India and Pakistan both have, you know, a very long row of crimes to their name, regrettably. But, you know, this, I'm sorry to say this is the world. The Arab Israeli peace process was not made between nice people on either side, mostly, not that that led to anything in the end but it involved, you know, dealing with some profoundly unpleasant dictators. The world is not as we would wish it. And we're kind enough to mention Joseph that you know my latest book is on climate change and this is an issue I take immensely seriously if we are unit to promote serious international cooperation against climate change. You know, it won't only be with nice Western democracies. As a matter of fact, the countries with the worst record on a per capita basis for greenhouse gas emissions are in fact a row not merely of democracies but of Anglo Saxon democracies if you can call them that America, Australia and Canada. You know, we have to deal with the Chinese. We have to like it, but we have to recognize the fact and if we want, you know, if we want to promote peace in Ukraine, we have to deal with the Russian government. Otherwise, this war will go on forever. Then a question sort of following up on that from Melissa McClure. What additional strategies measures and so on. Do you believe the US and other countries could do to help support Ukraine and get Russia to withdraw their military forces right now. Well, Western military supplies to Ukraine have been enormously useful.  That's not going to happen because that means NATO going to war with Russia. And that will be vetoed. But the Biden administration has ruled out the Germans, the British, everybody's rules out. But there's also been the suggestion of, you know, transferring war planes to Ukraine, which would obviously mean a drastic escalation. Which, you know, and all of this suggests that, you know, we haven't really been helping Ukraine. But in fact, the kind of weapons that we've been providing javelin anti tank missiles stinger anti aircraft missiles have been very much the kind of weapons that Ukraine needs for the defensive urban warfare that Ukraine has been fighting. We have clearly been enormously effective against Russian helicopters and attack helicopters and against Russian armor. That must continue. Of course, we must continue to supply, you know, these these weapons and ammunition for them. The other things we must do, of course, is provide economic aid to Ukraine. Maintain sanctions on Russia. But as I say, sanctions in support of peace, you know, not of wider US geopolitical agendas. Sorry, did you ask about war crimes. I think we think we had dealt with that with question there was was like you answered it in terms of how can the US be calling for Russia to be held accountable for war crimes, given what the United States has done and not being part of the ICC. I want to come to a question here, if I can from Carol Baum, who asked how does guaranteeing Ukrainian sovereignty work. How would that be different from Ukraine joining NATO. It would be along the lines of the Austrian State Treaty, all the participating powers guarantee Ukrainian sovereignty independence, guarantee non interference in Ukraine's internal affairs. And well, this is where the territorial issue comes in, of course, but that there could be. If there is enough diplomatic will, you know, if all sides want an agreement, then things can be fudged that, you know, there can be Russia guarantees Ukrainian territorial integrity bracket of the whole of Ukraine, minus Crimea and the Donbas area, which is the subject of international negotiation, but Russia guarantees firmly not to try to seize additional Ukrainian territory, which after all, you know, a lot of Russians would like to do. And the West commits itself once again to the resumption of the fullest possible economic sanctions against Russia. Now, beyond that, I'm afraid, you know, this Ukrainian demand for actual, you know, promises of the West to go to war to defend Ukraine. If a treaty of neutrality is violated. I mean, that has really shown the West up. And I laughed bitterly about my own country, Britain, after all these, you know, all this big talk of solidarity with Ukraine and resistance to Russia. And we've just had a statement by the British Deputy Prime Minister, saying no, no, we're not going to guarantee the security of Ukraine as part of any treaty of neutrality, because Ukraine is not in NATO, and therefore we have no obligation to come to the Ukraine. You know, I mean that really says it all about the hypocrisy of NATO and the moral cowardice that is shown since the beginning of this crisis, Ukraine is not going to get that guarantee from from NATO so we have to rely on a combination of you know diplomatic agreements international pressure and economic sanctions. I would also suggest perhaps that you know the neutrality would would mean and the guarantees would also mean that NATO can't be fully present in Ukraine. It can't be adding to what the Russians perceive as growing danger on their, on their Western flank. Yes, I mean, no NATO bases in in Ukraine, and possibly you know the certain limitations on Ukrainian weaponry you know intermediate range missiles for example, by the way, if if Ukraine guaranteed not to buy certain categories of weapons from NATO, this will be a gift to the Swedish military industrial complex since Ukraine could then buy it from the Swedes It's kind of moving back in time but partly part of the foundation for where we are now phase striggler asks, can you comment on the 2014 coup that brought in a government friendly to the West. Well, I wouldn't describe it myself as a coup it had aspects of a coup but it also had aspects of a popular revolution. And clearly what this demonstrated was that you know look it's always difficult saying revolutions because you know you have street power and then you have, you know whatever the mass of the population wants, but certainly what that demonstrated was that huge numbers of Ukrainians were absolutely determined not to join a Russian dominated alliance economic block or security alliance or anything of that sort. And you know they defeated the plans by Putin and the president Yanukovych to bring that about. Now, on the other hand, of course, Yanukovych was elected. He was the elected president in a election that was generally certified as free and he was overthrown by street power in the end by armed street power, in which it must be said that extreme nationalist groups played a leading part. They did overthrow the, the, not not just the elected government but also an agreement which Russia and the West had come to a very reasonable agreement which is that you would have early elections in Ukraine. And presidential elections, you know, leading to a democratic solution which I'm sure would have led to the, you know, to Yanukovych being voted out of office. So, you know, one has to recognize that this was a popular revolution.  The obvious hand of the United States in manipulating what happened in the famous intercepted telephone call by Victorian Newland. And of course the fact that this was followed by some fairly repressive, well some violent actions, you know, pro Russian protesters in Odessa were massacred. And also, I mean some pretty severe repression of pro Russian political parties and media outlets and businessmen. So, you know, look, none of this in any way justifies Putin's, as I say, absolutely criminal invasion of Ukraine. You know, once again, one does have to keep in mind that America whenever there has been any chance of a hostile military alliance appearing in Central America has it may not in recent decades have invaded, but it certainly use some pretty ruthless means to make sure that that does not happen. And it's, it is perhaps, odd to ask Russia to be less paranoid than the United States in that regard. I'm going to jump in and use the chairs of prerogative here. In the context of not legitimating the Russian invasion but recognizing to we need to look at Ukraine as it is and as we would like it to be be helpful if you could comment on both the your take on the strength and presence of the neo-Nazi forces and reports that that Zelensky House has outlawed opposition party or opposition politicians. Well, the Russian charge, you know that Ukraine was a sort of Nazi state, it was of course, absolutely grotesque as President Zelensky pointed out it is hardly likely that a Russian speaking Jew would preside over a Nazi state in Ukraine. And as far as electoral support is concerned, the absolute maximum vote gained by a far right party in Ukraine in 2012 was 10%, 11% about that. Since then it's gone way down. You know, if you put all the right wing parties together at the last elections they got less than 5%. However, what what is true is that the far right parties and their paramilitary wings do have a great deal of street power, which they have used. There have been many Western media reports of this to intimidate and in some cases attack political opponents and of course also cultural forces of which they disapprove including, you know, there have been a number of attacks on LGBTQ rights marches and attacks on media that have criticized them. In addition, these forces have gained both prestige but also weaponry from their genuinely very courageous fight in the Donbas over the past eight years, and of course, even more so today. The most famous extreme nationalist paramilitary group the Azov Regiment, they were named because they recaptured Mariupol from the separatists in 2014. And of course they are now a key part of the defense of Mariupol, the heroic defense of Mariupol against, you know, overwhelming odds. And this you see will undoubtedly also give them considerably added prestige in post war Ukraine. And, you know, we know a lass from the example well of the Italian fascists for example, after the First World War, whose electoral support was very small. And who did, you know, have genuine prestige because they had, you know, many of their members had genuinely been among the bravest Italian soldiers in the First World War. So, there is a potential problem here. You know, on the other hand, of course, something which is wonderful as I've written for Ukraine for Ukraine's move towards the West, and perhaps also even maybe, maybe one day for Russia, although difficult that may be to imagine the present. But the fact that President Zelensky has also emerged as, you know, as a great Ukrainian national hero, but also, you know, to some extent even for the some Russian liberals. You know, and Zelensky is of course, you know, they say Jewish Russian speaking by origin liberal by politics. Although, well, in circumstances of war liberalism does have a tendency to get thrown out of the window is I think, you know, a very, very good and positive and hopeful sign for Ukraine in future. And that said, of course, Zelensky like his predecessor has cracked down on pro Russian elements in Ukraine in, you know, in the months and year leading to the war. One can understand that, you know, given the threat to Ukraine, whether it was wise or not, given that it appears to have been another factor in, you know, motivating Putin to escalate the pressure is, you know, is another matter. Certainly, I'd just like to say strongly that there is a neo fascist problem in Ukraine, but it is nothing remotely as great as Russia may doubt. And by the way, once again, it does appear from Russian statements that the Russians have actually dropped that the demand for denazification so they, you know, they to appear, you know, to be scaling back originally, totally illegitimate demand. Thank you for that. I want to take a question here from Jeff Klein. Mass peace action wants to know what is the role of US NATO military aid to the Ukraine, other than prolonging the war and hindering diplomatic negotiated outcome. Well, it's to help the Ukrainians, the Ukrainians resist Russian invasion. Just that and obviously the aid given by NATO before the war helped, you know, did help fight Russia to a standstill outside Kiev and Harkov and Mikhailov. So, yeah, just that. Now, on the other hand, and by the way, I'm not saying that NATO should not have given that kind of aid to Ukraine, but before the war. Given that it was absolutely clear that NATO was never going to fight to defend Ukraine. Given that, as Zelensky has said, NATO ruled out any prospect of Ukraine actually joining NATO. You really have to ask two things. Why then, given that now every sensible observer, you know, with Ukrainian interests at heart says that a treaty of neutrality, you know, has to be part of a peace settlement. Why did we not propose a peace settlement with greatest possible guarantees before the war? Because I do believe that given that this was always the chief Russian demand. If the West had done that, I think, you know, obviously, the tensions were not gone away, Putin's ambitions were not gone away, but I do think that it would have been impossible for Putin actually to launch the invasion, the war itself. And secondly, given that every observer admitted, every person I know admitted in private, that it was going to be impossible to recover Crimea for Ukraine and impossible for Ukraine to reconquer the separatist bits of the Donbass by military force. What did we think we were doing by, you know, conducting naval exercises in the territorial waters of Ukraine, doing nothing to promote a peace process for the Donbass, not telling the Ukrainians that it was very foolish to blockade Crimea's water, given that there was no possibility, you know, of Russia abandoning Crimea once it had formally annexed it. In other words, you know, we should have combined support for Ukraine and help against a possible Russian invasion with serious attempts to reduce tension and, you know, and find, you know, a diplomatic solution that would have prevented the war. And I'm sorry to say that the chief reason why the West did not do this was a combination of geopolitical ambition and sheer moral cowardice. It would have been, you know, the Biden administration would have been accused of weakness by the Republicans. It would have required the Europeans to confront America, and nobody had the guts for that. I really appreciate that, and many of us made those arguments in the period leading up to the war. A question here kind of brings us a little bit closer to your home. A question from Steve Engel. Does the history of the Ireland conflict and its partial resolution provide any useful insights into the current crisis, especially in the Donbass? Well, there's one I hope positive parallel and one obviously not so positive parallel. I'm half Irish, by the way. The positive parallel is of course that from 1922 until the Northern Irish peace agreement of 1999, the Irish constitution continued to refuse to recognize that Northern Ireland was part of Great Britain. On the other hand, of course, in practice, this meant nothing as far as Irish state policies were concerned. When I was a kid visiting Ireland with my parents, the British pound was still legal tender in Ireland because of course so many of Irish people were working in Britain and bringing their hands back. Ireland was in effect part of the British economic zone. That changed as a result of Ireland and Britain joining the European Union. Now, of course, Britain's left the European Union again, unfortunately. I think what that does indicate, like the Cypriot issue, by the way, is that you can have international disputes that last a very, very long time without having to involve war. So that's the difference between the states concerned. But of course the, and, but the, the negative thing is, is of course that that didn't rule out civil war in Northern Ireland. But that was because of, you know, a population balance in Northern Ireland, which doesn't doesn't apply as far as Crimea and the separatist bits of the Donbas until this war were concerned. But of course, one reason why it would probably be better for Russia. to annex the rest of the, or not to separate the rest of the Donbas and certainly not to separate any more areas of Ukraine is that I think it is absolutely clear now that in these occupied areas Russia would face bitter discontent and unrest and possibly, you know, terrorism from from the populations that had conquered. There that you know there could be a Northern Irish lesson for Russia. As well. So thank you for that that's very, very helpful and you know, overall your your really broad and deep analysis here. I want to close here with a question. I'm realizing that most of our audience are peace activists are people committed to peace here in the United States. What would you advise in terms of what we can best do in terms of civil society to help help bring the war to an end, and as justly as possible. I would advocate strong support for harsh sanctions against Russia, but categorically linked to that these sanctions are to bring about peace to bring about a peace settlement. That's the first thing. I would strongly oppose this being used as an excuse for higher military spending by the US. And I wouldn't, by the way, I would not necessarily have said this six weeks ago, if told that Russia was going to invade. But I think, you know, what we've seen is if the Russian army cannot capture cities 20 miles from Russia's borders, then the chances of Russia invading NATO are zero, zero. The Russian army just does not have it in it to do so so there is no need for us to spend 10s hundreds of billions more dollars on defense.  And it was Eisenhower, not a softy or coward or weakling. So I mean, I think that's the second thing, you know, that we should, we should firmly keep in mind. And so I want to thank you very much for giving us your time and sharing your wisdom and knowledge with us today. I also want to wish you the very best as you do your work contributing to both track to and and other discussions in terms of how best to move toward a negotiated conclusion to the war as soon as possible. I want to thank everybody who has joined us. I want to ask if Cole or someone else can put the mass peace action and the code pink websites into the chat. And I want to call people's attention to, to them, and to the numerous webinars and other activities that they they have planned so we'll close here but maybe ask people to hold on a little bit longer, so we can get those those web web pages up on your upon your screen. And just then to thank everybody for joining us, and to urge you to do what you can to help bring this war to an end, and to resist, resist the crimes of empire in order that among other things, we might be able to address climate change and and this continuing threat. Thank you so much. Thank you. It was a pleasure. Thank you for inviting me.


Hello everybody, Andrew Maeska here with Dental L. So about this coronavirus, of course, of course, if you guys are working on your portfolio, this should definitely be part of it. You want to know about the coronavirus, how to handle things, how to talk to patients, and when we can get back to work, how to follow every single precaution possible. So I will help you guys with that. I will leave some links for you guys as well on the bottom. I have taken three different courses so far on the coronavirus, and a lot of it I have heard about, I have seen it posted, I have heard about it on the news, but it just helps to bring it all together specific for dental professionals because hey, this is on everybody's mind, and it doesn't even have to be part of your goal per se, but it should definitely be part of your learning activities. I'm guessing if a dental hygienist hands in her portfolio and doesn't include anything on the coronavirus, they will probably be wondering, what were you thinking? They will probably make some sort of course mandatory. So do it now, you are at home, get organized, why not? I actually just did a lecture, I guess, on the coronavirus and for dental professionals talking about what to expect, what we should be preparing for, what we should be doing now, and instrument processing.  So thank you guys so much for watching, let me know though if there's any questions, and let's hope that we can get back to work soon, right? Okay, you guys, see you soon.


And I've seen him given some talks over here as well. I think today morning he had some work stuff or something. You have those cars? You can give to people who are asking good questions. I should have seen delays. This I got it from Amy. We are starting the next talk. Please keep your mobiles on silent. Check the messages. Keep them silent then. If you are going to enter, please be careful with the doorstep. Quite noisy so just be quiet with them. Today at the facility in Auditorium D11045 they built a competition with prices. So we encourage people to come over and to be there. There are some round brief pieces, some other things that you can win at the prices. Maybe there will be a few different goodies to come over and take part in the competition. For those who are here, we have a few cars that the presenter can give as a gift for the good questions. And that is it about the operational part. So now please welcome Ramesh Shmuthrou, who is our blaster engineer. I am Ramesh Shmuthrou, working in Red Hat Bangalore for Overt team. Mostly I work with Overt and Cluster integration. Today I am going to talk about Overt and Cluster hyperconvergence. So how many of you know Overt? How many of you use Overt with Cluster? Overt with Cluster? Cool. This might be interesting for you now. This is going to be my end of our next 40 minutes. First I will introduce you to Overt. Maybe most of you since no, I will just roughly talk about the architecture and storage. Then I will talk to you about poster engine. Then I will introduce you to Cluster and basic components in the cluster. Then we will see how to set up a hyperconvergence cluster using Overt and Cluster. How it looks and how to set up and how do you manage the setup. Then I will talk a little bit about the recent enhancements we did for hyperconvergence case in Overt as well as Cluster. Let's get started. So basically Overt is a virtualization management platform which helps you to manage your virtual machines. Also for storage and networks for virtual machines. If you see from the diagram on top we have the Overt engine that runs in a separate hardware and inside a J bus application server. The Overt engine is written in J bus, it is written in J2E and it runs in a J bus application server. That takes care of managing your hyperraces and storage. Overt engine uses post base SQL as a DB and that exposes many two interfaces for the user to communicate. One is the Webb and Mint portal where you can define your cluster, you can add your hyperraces, you can add your storage nodes. And you can create your virtual machines there. Also it exposes nice rest APIs which can be used to integrate Overt with other management platforms like ManageIQ or CloudForms etc. Below Overt you see the clusters, it is like a cluster of hosts. Those are all virtualization enabled. Mostly we use KVM virtualization that takes care of running the virtual machines in the host. Overt is something called VDSM, it is an agent or demon running in all the hyperraces and it is written using Python. That takes care of all the hard cooling for Overt. Overt communicates to host through VDSM. It asks VDSM to create a virtual machine or stop the virtual machine or stop the VM, attach disk. All those thoughts are done by the VDSM. It manages the host. And underneath you see storage. Traditionally Overt supports different storages like NFS, FCP or ISKC and cluster of hosts as well. That can be managed by cluster or managed by Overt or it can be independent of Overt like ISKC or FCP or NFS. Next we will see specific about storage architecture. So, storage is main component in Overt because the VDSM completely relies on the storage for to store the virtual machine images and as well as the config files and other things. Also it relies on the storage for synchronization between the VMs. Like the same VMs should not be running on multiple hyperraces. Also the locking and synchronization is handled by Sandbox and that is done through storage domain which is the actual storage here. And Overt supports the storages like NFS, FCP, ISKC. There is one difference between other storages and cluster of hosts because NFS and other FCP storages are single point access where you have to communicate to a host to get your storage. But the surface is different because it is a cluster by system and it has multiple hosts. So, if one host fails VDSM or Overt can talk to other hosts to get the VM images or other data. That is why the surface is more useful. Next the hosted engine. This in the previous slide Overt engine runs in a separate hardware and that is again like what if that machine fails. That is a failure point. Also you have to dedicate one hardware for that VM, for that Overt engine. Instead you can do something called hosted engine where the Overt engine itself will run in a VM. And that VM will run in any of those hyperraces. You can get rid of one host, one physical host. Also you get Hatche. If one host fails the Overt engine can run on another host. You get Hatche for Overt engine as well. So on in this hosted engine setup there is something called hosted engine Hatche agent which will be running on the hyperraces. So that if one host fails the other host will automatically start the hosted engine on it and that can manage all other hosts. So in the end the Overt engine will be always running and you can always manage your hosts. But it is kind of chicken egg problem because since you have a VM it manages itself and the other hosts which are running the VM. So what I need is you have to do some good set deployment to bring up that VM then add the other hosts. Maybe I will talk about this later with more information. All right, exact steps how do you do it? Okay. That is about hosted engine. Next is GlacierFS. Yes you all know GlacierFS is an open source distributed file system. It runs on any commodity hardware and it can scale up to better bytes easily. As you see in the diagram it can be accessed by access to multiple protocols like ester pulse or n-pulse. Any sieves are lately with the API. What it does is basically obligates different storage exports like different storage exports from different hosts and give it in a single namespace which is more reliable and replicated or distributed. There are multiple things. Maybe next later I will talk about the basic things. So Brick. Brick is a basic component in Overt in Gluster. It is an actual place where your data is getting stored. It is actually a one point. You see from this diagram, you have a block device in the system and you format it, you get a file system on it and you mount it on your system and that mount file becomes your Brick. Brick is a place where your actual data is getting stored and the limitation of the Brick is completely on the system. There is no limitation from the Gluster side. Whatever the Brick can hold, whatever the amount of data the Brick can hold is completely and up to the file system and the disk. Next is GlusterFest volume. So this volume is the actual collection of Bricks. As you can see, we have three Bricks from different different hosts. You can combine all these hosts and export them as a single volume. And GlusterFest supports multiple types of volumes called Distribute or Swipe or Replicate. It takes Distribute where your data is distributed across different Bricks. For example, we have three files called File1, File2, File3 and each file may go into different Bricks so that you can access them easily from different hosts. Another is Replicate. The Replicate is more reliable especially in case of virtualization and other use cases where you need a reliable data and you do not want to lose your data at any cost. There you can use a Replicate volume where your data is replicated across Bricks. The water file, you write it in a volume is replicated across all the Bricks in the volume. At least in case of Replicate3, it replicates in three Bricks. Also you can combine them. You can make Distribute, Replicate or Distribute, Stripe or other cases. Like you can combine them or amend all of them. Another important aspect here is the Quora. Let us just support something called Quorum. So if you enable Quorum, you can avoid SplitPaint. The SplitPaint condition is like you have three Bricks. Assume one Brick goes down or something happens. Finally end up in three Bricks having different datas. Now you do not know what is the final data or actual data. Those cases can be avoided easily by Quorum. If you enable Quorum, the majority of the Bricks are not there. It will automatically make the file system read only and you cannot write anything so that you can safely recover from your failure. Next, this is how you access the cluster of a volume through Fuse. At least in virtualization case, you have a Q and A running your virtualizations. If you want to access an image from cluster of a volume, it goes through Kernel. From Kernel, it asks the cluster of a Fuse client that requests the cluster Brick which is running on the remote cluster of a server through Internet, through Net. And that again goes to underlying XFS file system. As you see from here, there are a lot of Kernels which are happening from user space to Kernel space. Ideal file features here. This is not performing well. So what we have is, we have something called GFAPI support. This helps you to communicate directly to the cluster Brick and get your volume data. So with this, with this QMU Kernel supports this GFAPI. With this, the QMU can directly talk to the cluster of a Brick and get the image or volume data, the cluster of a data. There is one bug or one RFE missing in this. Kernel QMU supports only one cost. Though cluster of a C is a clustered file system, currently QMU talks to only one host. If that host fails, then your VM will get passed. So we are working on this bug so that if that host fails, even QMU should be able to talk to other hosts in the cluster to get its volume back. We are working on this patch. Next is hyperconverged. Hyperconverged over setup. If you see, maybe let's compare this with the first one. Here how many hosts you had? One is for each. Within the other three parts, your hyperconverters are then separate storage. At least you need five, six storage hosts here. But in case of hyperconverged, you need just three hosts. And the same was to be used for both storage as well as virtualization. This is very useful in case of small scale deployments where you have very limited setup hardware and still you want to try out virtualization techniques. Here we run both cluster plus and carry one same like same physical nodes. And for over engine, we use something called the same thing what we explained, the hosted engine. So over engine becomes a chain able automatically and runs inside a VM. That can manage the other VMs, other hypervisors. It can also manage the cluster plus volume. And these boxes can be standardized so that you can add, you can scale out or scale out easily. You can add more storage later to the same host or you can add bringing multiple, I mean the additional host to scale out your setup. This is overall hyperconverged over cluster setup. We had to do some enhancements to bring to this. The first thing was lead GAP support. It was not there, now it's there, since it's there. And we pick at three volume. So previously, especially with over 3.5, when people tried hosted engine with the cluster, they started using, we pick at two volumes and they get into split-plane situations. And split-plane situations are very costly in over because when you go to split-plane situation, then your VMs are lost or at least passed. You have to reboot them or most of the cases you have to reboot, they won't receive automatically. And sometimes if you have corrupted data, there are cases where same VM running in different host, there are multiple problems. As a result, they stop supporting replica 2 volumes and start supporting cluster of us for hosted engine. In 3.6, it was enabled with replica 3 volume. So, immediately it has to have replica 3 volume to use cluster of us in hosted engine. Now that support is there. Another thing is called over engine appliance. Deploying a hosted engine setup is traditionally it was very tough because you have to solve the chicken and egg problem. You have to bootstrap your virtual machine, which is going to run the hosted engine VM and add the hypervisor host. And over here, there's something called hosted engine deployment script. That script is a very interactive script, but it asks a lot of questions. It's all related questions. If you make any mistakes in between, then you have to start from beginning and you have to clean up the setup. Even we face a lot of issues. But with this appliance model, what they come up with is, you have a pre-packaged VM appliance, which has over already installed, can just use them. In this model, you could avoid multiple errors in your deployment. Also, that VM can be customized using cloud init. Basically, we have to configure a few things like what should be the FQD name for the VM, what should be the username, password, all those things. You can easily configure. And one more enhancement is the shared configuration. Previously, though there are three hosts, and VM can run, the host engine VM can run on any host, but the configuration about the hosted engine VM was showed separately in all these three hosts. So if at all you want to make any changes, you have to edit the same configuration in all the hosts to make a change to the hosted engine VM. Now, that is being said. It will be stored in the same storage, the cluster of the storage, or another storage, whatever is the hosted engine. In that way, the configuration will be shared across all the hosts. And we have some mechanism to upgrade from over 3.5, where the configuration is separately stored in all the hosts to move to the shared configuration. And we have management GUI. So till now if you want to change something in the overtingen VM, like I want to give you more memory for the hosted engine VM, or I want to change the processor, number of processors allocated, then you have to edit the config file. But now we can do this through UI. But I came to know that these features were currently lost. In the last minute, it was removed from 3.6, but it will be there in the next 4.2 release. Okay. What are the main ingredients for hyperconverters? You just need 3 physical hosts with virtualization enabled. Then you need at least some 20 gp of memory, 20 gp of storage space in your system, because we are going to run cluster storage there and you are going to run your VMs there. That is very, very minimum. If at all you want to try from a virtual machines, this hyperconverter, you need this minimum requirements. But at least in hardware, if you go to hardware, I hope you will have more capacity by default. The next important thing is you have to configure your DHCP. Basically you have to reserve a MAC address for your hosted engine VM and that MAC address would be resolved to a fixed IP.  Because we are going to communicate with the VM, the hosted engine VM using the same FQDN always. So that we have to make these configurations. Next we have to just install the package. And the last point is very interesting, because you need physical console access or network access. That's the standard. But why do you need screen package?  You may end up losing your connectivity to the physical server. As a result, if at all if you lose, you have to get back to the same session. That can be done through screen or the physical console. Next. So how do you set up? The first step to set up the hyperconverter setup is setting up your cluster volume. As I told you, we need replica three volumes. So we have three hypervisors. Make a cluster storage, cluster storage pool out of those three hosts. Then create a three-way replication volume, three-way replica volume at least. At least one volume for now. Maybe later we can create another volume. The one volume will be used for hosted engine medium, which will contain the disk image for the hosted engine medium. Another volume will be used for regular VMs, which you are going to create. And as I already told you, we have to enable cluster column. Otherwise, you may get into split-band situations. Another important feature is Sadi. This was recently introduced in cluster. So without this feature, we were facing many problems with the self-heal. When self-heal happens, it eats up the whole CPU time. And your VMs are not getting any CPU and VMs are getting passed. As a result, either you have to reset the VMs or... Yeah, you have to reset the VM. And especially in case of hyperconverged case, even your hosted engine VM will get passed. So it's kind of difficult situation to recover from that condition. But if you enable Sadi, your big files, your disk image files, which are anyway going to be big, will be striped into multi... Not striped. It's a little different from normal striping. It will be chunked into different chunks of... It's a considerable size. By default, we use 5-to-1 MB sort. It will be chunked into 5-to-1 MB charts and will be stored in different bricks. So the self-heal... And it greatly improves the self-heal performance as well as GRO performance. We tried with GRO as well. And it actually solves the CPU problem. Now with the self-heal, we are not seeing more CPU usage. We had to do a few more tuning, like setting the nitropic timeout and self-heal algorithm. And the over group, setting the one ID and user ID to 3.36. Sorry, that should be GID. Okay, next thing is the hosted engine setup. As I told you, we need these three packages. One is the over engine appliance, the OVA image or hosted engine image. Next is hosted engine setup. That brings in the hosted engine setup script, which helps you to bootstrap the VM, hosted engine VM. Next, VDSM cluster, which brings in all the VDSM packages. Then this is our friend, the hosted engine deploy. If you run this script, it's a very interactive script. It asks multiple questions. And these are the few important questions, which will be asked. One is the storage type. You have to choose storage type and you have to enter the guest surface volume name with the host. If you do that next, it will ask you how you want to bootstrap your VM. There are three options. Either you can use OVA image or you can use CD-ROM or you can use Pixi Boot. But as I told you, using OVA image is the easiest and better way. So you choose OVA image. Next thing, you can do some customization to the VM through CloudInit. And it supports the script supports on-demand creation of CloudInit configuration, where you can specify the QDN name and the root user password, etc. Also, you have to give the MAC address for the VM sneak, which you have reserved in your DHCP server. If you want more details or exact commands, please read my blog. I have written this blog to help you with the deployment that covers all the details except sequence of commands what you have to run, what you have to answer. So once you do this, what you get is you have hosted engine VM running. You can log into the OVA engine. You can see a cluster with one host where you run the script. So now next step is enabling cluster service. So by default, OVA engine doesn't enable cluster service for the cluster for the cluster where it's being deployed. So you have to enable cluster service for the cluster. Next step, you have to add the remaining two hosts to the setup and create another storage domain where you will create your VMs. Any questions? Yannick? Do you have it? You mean this ping timeout? Yes. These are our volume configs. Cluster volume options. After creating volume, you can set these options. Basically, these are all volume options enabling cluster corum and enabling sardine. So how do you enable cluster? Cluster was integrated with OVA I think since 3.1 for a long time. Currently, you can manage your whole cluster deployment using OVA. In this hyper-converged case, we have a cluster where you want to run both OVA and cluster. So by default, I think it should be fixed in OVA. By default, it doesn't enable cluster service. So we have to go and edit the cluster to enable cluster service. If you enable cluster service, then it automatically takes care of bootstrapping your cluster host. Like managing your firewall, managing your cluster deservice. It also supports volume management. You can create your volumes. You can start, stop or you can add some updates, rebalance. It supports almost all the cluster operations. And you can use the same REST API which is exposed by OVA to do all your volume operations. Though we enable cluster and web service for the same cluster, there is one problem with OVA because the OVA doesn't consider that it's a cluster cluster service is running in this host when it does some when it does fencing or other power saving what happens is if we enable power power management for a host and if that host is not reachable for some reason it will reboot the host. It may not be required in case of cluster case but still it will reboot because it's not considering the fact that the host is running cluster service. This has to be fixed. Next thing is adding additional host. Since we are done with the first host and we are bootstrap the hosted engine only thing remaining is adding the remaining two hosts to the cluster. Just go and add the cluster in the add cluster you will see a checkbox saying do you want to make this as a hosted engine agent? Do you want to configure a hosted engine agent? We say yes then it will configure the hosted engine agent on this host as well. But this UI was removed for some reasons in the last minute because of some bugs. So again the hosted engine device is your friend. It can be used to add additional host. Go to the second host and the same script. This time it won't ask you so much questions only you have to give the same volume if you do that then it automatically takes care of most of the things. Now your second host is there. Similarly you can add the third host. Now you have three hosts in the cluster which are running both cluster and web services. Next is creating storage from cluster. As I already told you Overt supports cluster deployment and cluster management. You can create your volumes in Overt itself either through weapon view portal or through REST API. It supports other cluster features like volume profiling, capacity monitoring geo-replication, volume snapshot almost everything whatever is there in the cluster. This is adding the storage domain using the cluster plus volume. So now that we have created a volume which will be used for the regular VMs we have to create a storage domain using this cluster plus volume. Here the important point is this one. You have to give the volume path and you have to give the mount options with the backup alpha server. This will be used to communicate so that when the main host fails host 1 fails it could talk to host 2 or host 3. So this is really required. So we have developed this dashboard as a UI plugin in Overt. Mostly from actually we had a dashboard for cluster which takes care of all cluster later entities.  That is the average out of all the hosts and how much is network traffic and how many hosts are up and how many is in maintenance and how are we doing with the volume we have some different states in the cluster volumes like volume can be up or volume can be down that is normal we have something called degraded what is degraded is in a replica 2, 3 volume if one brick goes down still your data is available but it is kind of degraded you are not able to access another node you have only 2 nodes serving the data that is degraded we have something called parse here where in a distributed volume if you lose one node or one brick your parcel your data is partially available not fully available that is called partial you should see those statuses when that happens also virtual machines you can see here for some reason if your network is broken you should see some mix down or something similar there this is quite useful so next how do you manage your hostage a little bit about it you can change your hostage engine like memory and CPU allocation and network configurations through UI but currently it is not supported I think it should be in 4.0 it uses the sad storage when you change something when the hostage engine restarted it automatically picks up the new configuration and uses it next thing is hostage engine management hostage engine you can configure few things like state transition SMTP these things are very important because your robot engine is a VM what happens for some reason the VM dies and you could not you may not know that VM died VM is not running the hostage engine VM itself is not running which means you are not monitoring the you are not managing the whole setup but in hostage engine you can configure your mail address so whenever the VM state changes whether it goes to down from up or up to down or any state changes you will get a mail notification saying it is going down it is up in that way you are being alerted that something wrong happens also you can configure other things like timeout and the host scoring host scoring is used to define where the hostage engine VMs would run you have different hosts among three hosts one host is highly powerful other two hosts are not they have less CPU or less memory then the higher power host will get the highest score and it will run the hostage engine VM also we did few enhancements recently one is cluster pasading we talked about it another is orbiter volume actually to try out this hyperconverged setup we no need three volume we no need three hosts it could be done with the two hosts itself but for replica 3 volume we need three host that can be easily solved by the orbiter volume where the third brick will not be a in case of replica 3 the third brick will be used only for metadata purpose when you store a file in a replica 3 volume normally it gets stored in all the three bricks but in orbiter volume in third brick only metadata is stored not the actual data so that can be very less in capacity the machine itself may not be as need not to have the same capacity as other machines another is replace brick this is important because if you want to replace one node in the hostage engine setup currently it is difficult you have to do some manual steps in the cluster to replace the code now what we are trying is that should be do all from the UI itself you can automatically bring in a new host with replacement for old failing host it will be done through UI without CLI any usage of CLI and the backup all file support in libret and qa moon which we talked about the next session will be focusing more about these tasks that is all I have today I hope you understood something any questions I think when it cluster bus by default does not use much CPU I feel that is why I think we are running some tests we did not see any major performance issues with those thing the main problem was with the self field runs we used to see more performance issues but with the sorting that is also getting reduced we do not see any major performance bottlenecks we did not see but still we are in the evaluation state we are running some performance tests now with even with arbitrary volumes currently it is not there currently it is not there that is why we recommend not configuring power management in case of hyperconverged any other questions can I ask you you can I take a few minutes we will that is why we are running some tests we do not see any major performance bottlenecks we do not see any major performance bottlenecks we do not see any major performance bottlenecks How can I do it, how can I do it for down? No, no, I have it here and I have it down. I'm not sure about that. So you can try, you can try. You can give those away for questions. And there is some water if you need some. Thank you.


Alright boys and girls, we're going to do a stick it together activity today to see if we can come up with some better options. So these are all examples of how we can have this dialogue in our head so that when we feel that negative train coming down the tracks, we can redirect it into a more positive direction. So I want you to turn and talk to your partner and decide which one of these do you really connect with and why. Let's take about two minutes to do that. It really wasn't until I got into the classroom and saw the value of collaboration that the one who is doing the talking is doing the learning. And so if the children are discussing, often times they are able to articulate a skill or a path to mastery that I haven't even thought of. And they do it in a kin-friendly way and when they share that with one another it can be very powerful. So when I had that aha moment I thought, gosh, I need to find more ways with structure to put these opportunities in place in my classroom. Who would be willing to share which bubble they really connected with and why? Truman? I chose number one because sometimes I don't like telling myself like when there's like a test that I'm struggling on and I usually try to change that as hard as I could so I could feel positive because it's more pleasant to feel positive during a test and be negative about yourself. Very well said. Okay, gosh, you guys are phenomenal. So our big essential question for our growth mindset, stick it together, is what can you say instead of is this good enough? Is it good enough just to get by or is it good enough because it's my very best? So there's two ways to look at that question and I'll let you choose which way you want to look at it, okay? So your groups and as always you may sit anywhere in the room that you like. We have the never give up group. We have the we can do it group. We have the train our brain group. We have the we like a challenge group and we have the effort equals success group. Okay, let's have the never give up come on up and grab your sheet. You need a pencil. You can find a space in the room where you're comfortable. Grouping students is a delicate balance of academic needs, personalities, where we are that day. And so I have to really think about who can work together well. Who's going to challenge and push and say, we need to bump up the rigor of that vocabulary and who's going to sit back and say, you guys do that. We need to make sure that we have folks that will say, well, what do you think? Yeah, I'll just make a small recommendation. If you want to maybe underline a phrase or two on each post it that you can use in your best answer, it's going to help make sure that you included something from everyone. Okay, so we all feel valued. Is that a strategy you think you can do? Okay, okay. I oftentimes ability group for the small reading group time because I need to be able to challenge students who are ready to move forward, but then reteach skills that perhaps students didn't get. So sometimes in the lesson, they're in very different places. And so having that ability group allows me to enrich and support depending on the group. Is there two beginnings? Everybody has a part. Random grouping is not always the most successful way to go. People tend to gravitate towards their best friends and that may not be academically the best choice because they're talking about sleepovers because they have that close personal relationship and so it shifts from the academics to the personal and that can pull the whole group off task. So I like to be meaningful and mindful about my grouping. You can also tell yourself, this is good because you always need to believe that you get the answer right. Okay, and what happens if you don't? Is it the end of the world? No. You can always say, I'll work more hard next time and maybe I'll get it. Mistakes are good because then it can help you understand and learn from it. We should have that. Oh, I like that. Yeah. Yeah. See talking it through, you guys came up with some really good stuff. Do you guys feel like you're able to contribute well? Yes. Yes? Okay. We're giving them time to reflect. How do I assess this? It's a wonderful way for them to learn to collaborate, but it takes a lot of time to set something like that up. They need to understand the expectations in the classroom. They have to know their roles. They have to be able to have positive conversations with one another. Let's start with reactions. You can say, I'm going to keep trying. And you know, when you collaborate, sometimes you have to give in and sometimes that's difficult for children in fourth grade. So that's a skill that we have to build to get to the beautiful thing that we had today, that gorgeous collaboration.


So when we talk about the historical record, if we think of 1916, we think of historians analysing manuscripts and photos, books, accounts, ephemera from the time, but what about 2016? How are historians and analysts going to understand and interpret our contemporary history? So if we think of the marriage equality referendum, for example, that was really groundbreaking in Ireland because it was largely conducted through digital means. So that's social media, the internet, and Twitter. So how will we make sure that that historical record, as it exists now, will still be there for historians in the future? How are we representing the Ireland of today for 100 years in the future? So preserving social media is really challenging. There's an awful lot of data. There are some organisations that work on this. We have the Internet Archives saving the internet, the Digital Repository of Ireland, the National Library of Ireland, but the challenge is in using the newest digital technology to preserve, to appraise, decide what to keep, to preserve it, and to have the cataloging or content discovery mechanisms so that it's not just a ginormous data dump that people won't be able to make any sense of in the future.


Welcome traders to another technical chart here with me Patrick Nunley. I want to draw your attention to the opportunity in the Euro-Swiss from the daily timeframe. We've been in this ascending trend channel to the upside. We have been in a complex corrected pattern, double correction here, in equal legs, targeting 109.05. We've got monthly range support 108.99, 38.2% retracement of the advance from the lows last May, coming in at 109.04. Trade just below there at the moment. What I'm looking for now is a bullish reversal Campbell to develop in this area to get us back through 109.30. Long positions initially targeting monthly range resistance, 10.04. As that 109.30 continues to sport, look for an extension up to retest highs at 111.50.


Everybody please stand you don't have to but it would be appreciated for the beginning of a brand new Arc of brand new adventure in one piece ladies and gentlemen welcome back to the channel My name is Jack the bus and yes I am standing today for this reaction because we are starting this absolute mountain of episodes I didn't realize until I got here. It is literally split up into two sections both. Just say dress Rosa It's just that long. I guess it was like a hundred fifty episodes So we're starting today, baby, but it's gonna be an absolute mountain of climb But I could not be more excited to get into it because everything that's happened in bunk hazard has sort of built into this Everything with Del Fomingo It's already given us a little tease that people from dress Rosa how wacky and crazy they are like baby five and Buffalo and we have a very very serious plan going into this It's not like any other like island that we've just wandered across I mean alabaster we sort of had a very serious plan But right now it's to like infiltrate and destroy one of Del Fomingo's entire factories this whole operation Not to add on to the fact that don't flamingo has Aces devil fruit here the flare flare fruit and he's gonna try to entice Luffy with it like bro There's so many moving parts here We're gonna hop into it not wasting any time if you are new to the channel makes you drop us up now This is this is probably the best time.  The start of an arc is always so exciting and let's get into it I Really like the name dress Rosa by the way. I don't know what it means, but it's a beautiful name Why is it was not acting like this is not who Luffy is and how long are the braids staying Frankie? They kind of scare me I'm sure we'll find it right away with this number of episodes. I'm sure Not for a second. Don't let your guard down I want to know what step two is to the plan and who's staying with Caesar Laws getting increasingly frustrated He's gonna ride Momonosuke into town as he said don't let your guard down.  Oh my gosh, bro I'm not gonna fly in this guy I mean whenever he was started hallucinating he saw Duff Lamingo.  Oh my goodness gracious That's what I said become the show gun of the water kid. Oh, is that like the leader? They have but such big dreams. Is that like the Hokage? Yeah, get them under getting the children under control Papa He is not acting like a warrior, but Luffy started it. I will say True Luffy's like genuinely angry.  It's so obvious now Space Yeah, I want to see dress Rosa guys. Can we go disguises Dress shirts for men.  I don't want to I don't want to be compared to Saaji. Oh Shoot of a bear card Points for an island called that is how That's yeah, that's where he said part two of the plan is we reconnect at Zao Dude, this is quite the group we have I like it.  Oh my gosh frickin Beppo definitely drew this bad boy The center, okay, I Mean the map says nothing the factory somewhere definitely hidden. What is that scent? Oh No, the Caesar handover team across the very long bridge wait, they're not taking the ship. Oh my gosh, bro Yeah, that's what I'm saying who saw boo It's impossible to travel by water. Wait, what? Oh, so this is the team Robin law us up. Oh, yeah, we're looking for conjure. That's right sunny security team So Nami Momonosuke brook and chopper, okay Yeah, wait, where does this one just wander away. Oh, he's supposed to be part of the team It's whatever you smelled probably a woman, bro. They were like flowers in the scent. Oh shoot. What is that? That's his pirate symbol, but oh Ah, it looks cool. I like the architecture. The sunflowers are a heavy focus, too It's so stylish. It makes sense for Doflamingo Delicious small dude dress Rosa. I mean aside from the king seems like a great place to live I mean all the people seem to really like Doflamingo, so you must take care of them passionate dancing of the local women So that's what that is what Sanji smelled. I guess the flowers are the cooking dog What is that a puppet and alive puppets?  There's just a live toys What oh that's weird Him being like a puppet makes me think of Doflamingo's devil fruit. Oh Oh He saw him in the paper. I feel like we shouldn't even interact with locals. I'm gonna be honest Doflamingo could be anywhere. This is strange, man. This is strange There's toys everywhere They're just citizens. How do they reproduce man? There's couples. I see them. Oh, that's weird I feel like it's like so bright and colorful now, but it's so cursed Kingdom of love and passion and toys It's an interesting twist man has been stabbed. It's a weird twist. I kind of like it I love him most of the jealous type They get stabbed It happens often. Oh my gosh, I mean it's weird But like I feel like we've seen just about as weird stuff in one piece before I won't question it too much It's probably gonna be some deeper reasoning to be honest You have a blind character with a heavy focus gnarly scar oh That might be a the frickin samurai there. They're looking for maybe I don't know And there's nobody else on this island that I mean aside from like Doflamingo squad, but they're all like in the castle I think setting it up. Here's their disguises. They all have like facial hair. Oh My gosh, they're drawing so much attention. They broke in him on and Frankie are huge This is so exciting. It's like so much mystery. I have no idea like what's around every corner Of course, he found the restaurant as soon as possible makes sense Zoro looking cold with a suit on The blind guy is already back.  It's very ominous too. I feel like Zoro senses like a presence too like he's he's strong There's no other reason he would have turned. I mean that's that gnarly scar I feel like says it all you got a scar like that.  I mean Zoro doesn't feel anxious.  That's a maybe that's Conjuro, bro I was gonna say he's looking for the gambling house.  This is weird man. Oh Oh Rose squid ink pasta Gaspacho they do have some crazy meals Still believe in a myth about fairies people claim to see fairies. Why would he be scared of fairies saying it like they're like terrifying Is a fairy a big deal bro, you're talking puppets people call those fairies guardian deities Up We're not okay. All right. All right, buddy. He's just cracked out of his mind Yeah, that's what I said Sanji and I are the same page. I hope that guy is over there the big dude. Oh Is he found the gambling? What's Zoro to talk to them about like why he kind of paused this guy's just got a sense He's like the house is losing so much his heightened sense of hearing Based on the way it's spinning everybody.  This guy's crazy. Wait This guy is crazy 15 who is this guy man. Oh the casino owner. He's not happy. He's like you're scamming me somehow Well, yes They're 1v1ing and roulette Bro, how does the owner know that unless he's calling it wrong? Oh No way.  He's losing his money. No, bro. This is messed up dude nah, nah, nah Somebody step in this is messed up, bro Dude Make a lot of money when Buffalo is in here. Wait Buffalo didn't say he likes gambling. I just realized. Oh my gosh No He's gonna scam you man. Oh My gosh, can somebody be a third party unbiased, please He's just gonna scam you Green Okay, wait, maybe he'll actually be wrong for the first time This is such an intriguing start to dress Rosa though a fixation on a random character that we don't know It's cool. All right 631. Let's go So you picked white again, what if it is green? I guess like the owner isn't losing anything He's not betting anything. I mean the outcome doesn't matter. He's gonna scam him either way It's how's it still going it's white. He should win Dude, this is so messed up. No, bro. I won't stand for it. No, bro Oh Luffy yeah, he's just standing there. He's just standing there Just continues eating look carefully Let's go, thank you Luffy Yeah, try bro. Oh my gosh. He has a gun That's such a funny cut never saw her pull it out or anything Classic. Yep. I mean these guys don't look strong or anything, but like you're kind of making noise by doing this I just said what I saw Dude, I was trying to feel so bad for him. Oh He said you look strong. He does look strong. I said the scar says so much. There's no way they're jumping him. Oh He tripped him Shoot Are we gonna find out if this guy actually is strong? Oh Shoot, he's like, yeah, sure. I'll just keep eating man. I don't care. I love this disguise so much.  Huh? Is that like murder them? Oh?  Oh shoot.  Oh wait didn't cut them. It did make a weird cutting sound He's just showing he could have if he wanted to but he said send them to hell Wait, what happens when he sheaths his blade they marked them? He's walking so so slowly so menacingly. He still hasn't sheathed it though either that or he's just like messing with them What?   He made a pit in the earth What is it? Wait, what is happening? Is Zoro pulling his blade? Zoro, don't step into this man, please. Oh My gosh, bro. He is not messing around. He's just murdered all of them. Oh wait No, there's a there's an end to the pit dude.  Obviously, he's not part of like the Don Quixote family. Is that a devil fruit or is it a blade? Send a bill to the repairs here. How much money this guy got? Oh Who is he? Who is he? Somebody go check the receipt thing Should not tell you for the sake of both of us. What is he famous? Oh my god Well, I know if he was famous they would he would have gotten recognized or maybe he's not famous for he's been famous For his name not his looks Wait, what? Did he swipe all of their stuff? He is a thief. Yeah Wait, he actually took the blade no shot The blade from oh my gosh from freaking Ryuma. Oh my goodness. He yoinked it I mean, unless that was from him who else would have done it though, bro. This old guy is crazy.  These fairies are not very slick I just want to know who took it man Bro, they're going there so loud. We've been here for like less than an hour. We've already done all of this I have to take charge. They're just going everywhere, man.   Oh my gosh, is it actually a fairy? I don't see anything carrying that must be like a tiny little fairy Top not is that that hairstyle? I think he said that about Momonosuke Something about his top knot. Oh, it sticks through that hat. That's why that hat looks like that. Oh my gosh, man I was wondering Was good what yeah, why is everything standing so still is it just animation budget? He lost them. He actually lost them I Mean he needs to look for the samurai anyways. Oh, oh my gosh, that is That is something okay. Well, he's being stalked dude. This place is so mysterious. There's so many like moving parts. It's cool.   This is how we look lures luvian Is it the way we're brews? But of course. Yeah, dude. I was like, I was like, he's not gonna know already We know he doesn't know that is what Luffy thought right away though. Oh, no. Oh Shoot this guy has no idea who he's talking to too. Oh my gosh.    It's like one of those little toy guns. I had one of those Hey, what? It's wanted. Oh my gosh. Oh my god. This guy's a baller. He's one He doesn't even work for them.  Oh my gosh, wait, this is a cool stadium or coliseum the robot. Oh My booty, oh They're in nothing. Oh Shoot the prize for the coliseum is gonna be the fruit. Is that water all around? That's terrifying like for devil fruit users. Oh Yeah, how do you explain how he has this devil fruit to It's strange hearing his name to be honest. Don't do not make me relive this man. Don't I'll do it Such an insanely strong devil fruit. I mean bro if anybody else wins it The movie won't let that happen I mean, it's also not like Luffy can consume the double fruit. You can't have to I guess he would win it Just so nobody else can have it. It's such a cool devil fruit, man So what now people are just gonna fight for it. I just want to see Luffy's reaction He is here.  Is he gonna fight bro?  So dress Rosa is off to a bang so far, man Oh my gosh Luffy already finding out about the devil fruit The lure already kind of working cuz he's gonna head straight for the coliseum I guarantee it but not even just that we're introduced to a very very powerful character that we know nothing about but apparently He is famous or Luffy would know who he is. I don't know It's just like so much chaos happening like little throwaway things the guy or whoever what whatever that is following Kinamon and then this toy soldier I thought I was just showing that there was a toy soldier outside the coliseum like to kind of standing guard But he's wanted and then he just skates away like a beast. Oh my gosh, man There's just there's a lot happening and I love it It's so much chaos just throwing us into this brand new island And I said new islands are so cool because like you never know what's gonna happen What's around every single corner tack on the fact that we are here on a very serious mission And there are very strong people aka like dole flamingo and his lackeys that could pop up at any second man It's just a lot and I'm down with it. I'm down with dress Rosa, baby But guys that's been it for my reaction today. I hope you did enjoy make sure you leave a like It does help me out quite a bit and I'll see you in the next one. Peace. Peace


I must appreciate that the vocals of that song are really powerful and also the message of the song at Inakui Taji just need you, God I need you but explaining further about this song is Masi Mwangi who has joined us here to teach me music Karibusana Masi Thank you so much for having me here How are you? Happy, I'm excited Mika mamlipanga na niks mubaya black Hi there, you can get the name You can get the name You guys are not in spirit with me I was the one who was in spirit but since I came here I've been here I've been here I've been here before I've been here before I've been here before Alright You guys are looking so good in black I must appreciate that Thank you Sala Tell us more about this Sala Sala means a prayer It was Songs are bathed Let me speak for myself Songs are bathed from experiences So I was going through a very intense moment and then this was just basically a prayer to God So it's a prayer based on Sam's 5 That's the whole song It was basically a prayer So that's why it's called Sala Sala like prayer But it's amazing how David wrote the book of Sam's It was just It's actually playing songs And those songs have turned out to be prayers To dates You're praying to God Was this a specific thing that you are trusting God for In this Sala In this prayer while you are making This prayer was there A specific thing that you are trusting God for And did he answer That is very cool Let me tell you This song I was encouraging myself In the Lord David was going through Sam's 5 It was when he was having issues With Absalom You feel like some sort of betrayal And so A lot of things were happening in my life And I was trying to encourage myself in God And let me tell you after singing that song And it came consistently in my mind I felt like let me listen intently to these words And there was encouragement And yeah I got strength and encouragement And I wanted to call you Sam's wife Because I was in Tokyo But Sam's I usually pray to Sam Because they passed 2-3 years I have been praying Sam's 121 When David came back from fighting Their Malika He was not depressed He even went into depression This guy has faced a lot But he was like I look up to him God I look up to you Where does my help come from I look up to the mountains My help not come from the mountain You were telling Sam's wife David you had faced betrayal Which man? Okay I think we all go through that season Where you feel like everywhere you turn You just feel like man I just need peace So I was just in that season God has taken me through God is your Shalom God is our Shalom I'm speaking of Shalom I know you've done other songs as well How was it? How was it different doing this other song And this Shala Interesting enough My songwriting journey I haven't been that person Who says let me sit down And write lyrics Props to people who can do that I haven't gotten there yet But for every song has been Through every inexperience in my life But Shala was unique Because I sang the whole song During just one single prayer And I got to Work with a friend of mine Who we also went through Sort of a similar season And she just came in and it was just like A puzzle just complimenting each other And yeah This song is really special actually It's very intimate I can tell I can tell even the video production Is top notch Thank you for your production You can show them out Thank you to Dr. Eddy The video is And the audio also The audio Pascal Bill Yes You said you did this song With your friend who was going through Similar season So how was it for you Writing the lyrics I know you sang it in a prayer But how was it for you Writing the lyrics Coming up with this specific word That will now resonate with you And even touch the heart of God I was praying over this song Before releasing I felt like there's something more That's needed on this song So I really took some time with it And then she came up And then we went to the studio We didn't plan to write lyrics together But when she came She just started vibing She's a poet She just started speaking That's the encouragement we need to this song And it's just It flowed in the spirit You agreed in the spirit Which is very thin Because when it comes to Especially collabo How do you decide on whom to do Because you say this Your friend was going through the same season One thing I'd say Our faith master line Must be of the For similar faith That's one and then true I believe God speaks as well And I think God directed me I believe God directed me to her And God says so Can I say my order in the state So there are such Alright, do you expect more from you Very much Please keep tuned My YouTube channel Masimwangi Music Just go there, subscribe Amazing music coming your way Inspirational music and godly music And where can people follow you and find you You can follow me on Instagram Masimwangi Music On Facebook Those three channels Before people follow you there People would want to know Who you Masimwangi Who is she Maybe by the time she started Doing music Which is her latest jam Maybe you can give a brief Bio Musically and anything else Wow I thought it's singing way back I'm still trying to Come to terms with my shyness I've grown a little bit I really wanted to release songs and write songs But I was really But I believe God's timing is best Because when God's timing came We just feel like It's really not you doing it But there's just a grace to do it for that season So I started writing music I think last year Actually last year I have four songs out It's just a grace of God I'm looking forward to really grow Manifest in this space You will grow And then I will tell you Any special shout outs as you I can see this mum Yes My family has been such a pillar So to my dad, my mum My two brothers have been such a pillar I'm really grateful to God for you My church My spiritual authority Reverend Rimo My producer And everyone who's just supported me in this journey I really thank God for you You've been angels assigned by God in my life And I'm grateful So beautiful Thank you so much for joining us Thank you for having me Alright, do come back again Alright, blessing us For the very first time Masi Mwangi Wib Sala here on Y254 J.C. Sako, let us go It's the president