Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar IAS Academy. Displayed are the list of news articles selected for today's analysis and their page numbers in different editions of the newspaper. The link for the handwritten notes and the time stamping of the news articles are provided in the description box. And the time stamping for the benefit of mobile phone viewers has also been provided in the comment section. Now let us move on to the first news article. This news article is with respect to the visit of external affairs minister of India to China on 12th August. It is said that this was the second meeting of the high level mechanism on cultural and people to people exchanges of India and China. The first meeting as reported has happened in last year December. So this article states that the minister of external affairs has assured China that Indian government's decision to exercise greater administrative control over the region of Ladakh will not have any implication for India's external boundaries with China. And there will also be no implications for the line of actual control with China. When we say line of actual control, it is a military administered boundary line between India and China. See India shares around 3488 kilometer of border with China running along Jammu Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh. So the official statement of ministry of home affairs is that the border between India and China is not fully demarcated and the process of clarifying and confirming the line of actual control is still in progress. And the minister has also clarified that the legislative measures including bifurcating Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories. One as union territory of Jammu and Kashmir with legislative assembly and the other as union territory of Ladakh without legislative assembly is actually aimed at better governance and socio economic development of the region. And the concerns of China is that because Ladakh borders with China and the legislative measure of India making it as union territory leading to greater administrative control. The minister also said that based on 2005 political parameters and guiding principles the two sides India and China they have agreed for a fair reasonable and mutually acceptable settlement of boundary disputes. So by extending legislative measure to Jammu and Kashmir or by removing the special status to Jammu and Kashmir or by creating union territory of Ladakh India was not raising any additional territorial claims. Now these statements has been mentioned by the external affairs minister because Chinese foreign ministry told that India had continued to damage China's territorial sovereignty. So this is the statement of China. They are saying that India had done this unilaterally without consulting China in the process. They are saying that India had done this by unilaterally modifying the form of domestic law. Here what they are meaning is article 370 of Indian constitution. So this means that China believes that for modifying any sections of Indian constitution with respect to border region that borders with China has to be consulted before such modification. So that is why the ministry of external affairs has clarified or reassured that there is no any additional territorial claims. Now when we say 2005 political parameters and guiding principles we actually mean the agreement between the government of Republic of India and the government of people's republic of China on the political parameters and guiding principles for the settlement of India-China boundary question. This agreement was adopted to encourage a long term constructive and cooperative partnership of India and China on the basis of five principles of peaceful coexistence. Now these five principles of peaceful coexistence are one mutual respect for each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Two mutual non-aggression. Three non-interference in each other's internal affairs or domestic affairs and then equality and mutual benefit and finally peaceful coexistence. So these are the five principles of peaceful coexistence based on which there has to be a long term constructive and cooperative partnership between two countries. In this agreement we can see some provisions which state that the differences on the boundary question should not be allowed to affect the overall development of bilateral relations. And the two sides have to resolve the boundary question or boundary disputes only through peaceful and friendly consultations. The agreement also states that the two sides will give due consideration to each other's strategic interests and reasonable interests and they will give due consideration to the principle of mutual and equal security. So according to this agreement until there is an ultimate settlement of the boundary question the two sides should strictly respect and observe the line of actual control. They should maintain peace and tranquility by working together in the border areas. So these are some of the information with respect to the analysis of this news article. Now let us move on to the analysis of next article. This news article is about the translocation of wild buffaloes from the state of Assam to Chattisgarh. They are saying that in October five female wild buffaloes will be translocated from Assam to the Udandi Wildlife Sanctuary in Raipur district of Chattisgarh. So they will be translocated to an area that is far by more than 1500 kilometers and they have to be brought here after crossing some five states. So when we say translocation it is the managed movement of live animals from one location to another. And the news article mentions that this is the longest translocation in the country if carried out. And the purpose of this translocation is to help the decreasing and disappearing population of wild buffaloes to revive in the state of Chattisgarh. So one of the main reasons for this translocation is that wild buffalo is the state animal of Chattisgarh. And this translocation is expected to help to expand the population of wild buffalo across the states. This translocation is to be based on the recommendations of state wildlife board of Chattisgarh and also based on the genetic report by the center for cellular and molecular biology in Hyderabad. When the translocation plan was actually proposed several conservationists initially asked whether the buffaloes found in central India would be similar to the ones that are found in northeast India particularly in Assam. Whether the wild buffaloes if they are brought to say Chattisgarh will they be compatible in the new environment. So there was some concerns with respect to this. So to address their concerns the government has sent some genetic samples to the center for cellular and molecular biology in Hyderabad. And the government has got the approval for translocation by way of the genetic report given by this center. The forest department of Chattisgarh has started the process of translocation of three to five female wild buffaloes from Assam to Chattisgarh. They will bring these wild buffaloes either through road or by railways. They are actually planning to translocate sub-adults that is those wild buffaloes that are not adults. The purpose is because if they don't have long horns they can be easily translocated. So that's the purpose why they plan to translocate sub-adults of wild buffaloes. So who will be carrying out this translocation exercise? See it will be done by the Central India Wild Buffalo Recovery Project. This project is a joint venture between the Wildlife Trust of India and the forest department of Chattisgarh government. This Central India Wildlife Recovery Project is actually aiming to stabilize wild buffalo population in the Udaanthi Sitaanadi Tiger Reserve situated in Chattisgarh. So this will be carried out by implementing a certain number of ex situ and in situ interventions. See when we say in situ intervention it is a conservation method wherein the species will be conserved within their natural habitats. The ex situ conservation is the conservation of species outside their natural habitats or natural range. The reason for the initiation of such a project is because of the grave threats faced by the local wild buffalo population in the Central Indian region. They are saying that once upon a time the wild buffalo was found in abundance across northeast India extending to northern and central India. But now the species is left only in some pockets northeast India and Chattisgarh in central India. The Wildlife Trust of India says that the estimated population of wild buffalo in northeast will be roughly around some 3000 to 4 miles. So wild buffalo in the northeastern region they constitute the largest population aggregate within the Indian landscape in the present scenario. These populations in the northeast region almost accounts for 92% of world population of the wild buffalo. So this is the situation with respect to the wild buffalo population in the northeastern region. If you see the situation in central India it is very terrible because the project has evaluated number of wild buffaloes in 4 wild life sanctuaries and a national park in Chattisgarh. These wild life sanctuaries are Udanti wild life sanctuary, Pamid wild life sanctuary, Sitaanadi wild life sanctuary, Bairamgarh wild life sanctuary and Intravadi national park. What they understood is that no buffaloes remained in Sitaanadi and Bairamgarh wild life sanctuary. And they established there were some 30 individuals in Intravadi national park and some Pamid wild life sanctuary has some 5 to 8 buffaloes. And there were lot of suggestions to initiate appropriate conservation methods to conserve these wild buffaloes. The problem is because of some political disturbances in Chattisgarh and because of the security situation there, no conservation efforts could be undertaken in these protected areas. They found some 7 wild buffaloes in Udanti in 2010. So after finding these numbers in wild buffalo population in particularly in central Indian region in Chattisgarh, WTI has actually helped the forest department of Chattisgarh to prepare a 5 year action plan for the recovery of wild buffalo population in Udanti. Now this is because during the survey they have found that only 7 wild buffaloes remained in Udanti in 2010 and of these only one was the female. So the action plan had some 3 basic objectives. One is to ensure zero unnatural deaths of the remaining individuals of wild buffalo. And the second one is to improve the habitats. And the third is to increase the population or to augment the population by restocking especially female wild buffalo. Here when we say restocking it means releasing animal individuals of an existing population in a particular area. So this will be done to enhance population viability that is enhancing the possibility of wild buffaloes to live successfully in a particular region. So with respect to ensuring zero unnatural deaths, there is constant monitoring, periodic health examinations and treatments are also being undertaken. And WTI says that the monitoring exercise has resulted in fairly detailed data on ranging ecology of these buffaloes. And with respect to habitat restoration activities such as de-weeding and fire prevention and also ensuring water availability for the wild animals they have been conducted to provide suitable habitat to the wild buffaloes. The WTI also conducted socioeconomic surveys in around 15 of the 17 border villages of Udanti. And they found that people were dependent mainly on agriculture for their livelihood. And they also found there were frequent human and wild buffalo conflicts particularly leading to crop damages. So to reduce the human animal conflict, the forest department has started a sort of compensation scheme for the losses incurred by the public due to the crop damage caused by the wild buffaloes. You should know one thing just because crops are damaged by wild buffaloes one cannot kill this animal. This is because they are protected under Schedule 1 of WPA Act of 1972. They also found out that around 81% of the households they owned livestock and the domestic cattle were left to graze inside the sanctuary almost throughout the year. And some studies also found out that wild buffaloes avoided the areas occupied by the domestic buffaloes. And it is also found that wild buffaloes even adopted nocturnal habits. So that is being active in the night to avoid these domestic animals. So to reduce competition and to improve habitat suitability for the wild buffaloes, the local population have been advised and encouraged to sell their domestic cattle off under this project. So even in this project there is in situ conservation breeding of wild buffaloes. And apart from these activities, the project also lists out a number of other important and urgent interventions to secure wild buffalo population of Central India. And these measures are like protection of buffaloes by improving basic infrastructure of protected areas administration and then by habitat improvement. And this is to be done by facilitating voluntary relocation of villages from the habitat of wild buffaloes. And in order to make the habitat suitable for wild buffaloes, they are also carrying out DVDing. And it is said that in about 1200 hectares of grasslands within the sanctuary, they are carrying out DVDing. And also to prevent disease transmission to the wild animals, more than around 3500 to 5000 livestock in the area are vaccinated annually. And this project is also attempting to place satellite collars on three free ranging wild buffaloes. Now this satellite collar is for tracking the animals. Free ranging means animals that are allowed to move around and these animals are not kept in cages. And the satellite collars will ensure proper monitoring of these free ranging animals. These wild buffaloes are called as Asiatic Wild Buffalo and they are also called as Wild Water Buffalo. Scientifically they can be called as Bubalus Arnie. One special feature of this Asiatic Wild Buffalo is that they are called as record breaking species because their horns spread up to two meters. So this exceeds in size of the horns of any other living bovid. And we say bovid, we mean any mammal in the family bovidae which includes antelopes, sheep, goats, cattle, you know buffalo and bison. So as we saw already the wild buffalo is listed in schedule one of Indian Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. And regarding the estimation of the numbers they say that only less than 4000 individuals are remaining in the wild. And therefore IUCN Red List has classified them as endangered species in their list of threatened species. So these are some of the information with respect to the analysis of this news article. Now let's move on to the analysis of next article. This news article is about diphtheria and pertussis. Note that these diseases are vaccine preventable. Recently diphtheria outbreak has been reported in Tamil Nadu. And note that India accounts for almost 85-90% of occurrence of diphtheria in the entire world. Research studies have been showing that the important reason for the resurgence of diphtheria and pertussis is the low awareness among the people regarding the vaccination for these diseases. And these diphtheria and pertussis are infectious diseases. So when we say infectious there are two understanding. One is that these diseases are caused by microorganisms. And these diseases can be transmitted from one person to another person. So if we say non-infectious diseases these are diseases that are not caused by microorganisms. And these diseases cannot be transmitted from one person to another. For example diabetes or chronic lung diseases. These are some examples of non-infectious diseases. So diphtheria and pertussis are diseases that can spread from one person to another through direct contact. Or even through the environment. And diphtheria is an infection of nose and throat. And it spreads easily through direct contact with the infected person. Through infected cough and sneeze droplets. It is caused by a bacteria, a microorganism called as corinibacterium diphtheria. It will affect the cells in the throat. Coming to pertussis it is also called as whooping cough. It is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by bacterium borditella pertussis. It spreads easily through direct contact through infected cough and sneeze droplets. According to the chief scientist of World Health Organization as reported in the news article. The recent outbreak in Tamil Nadu is because of a drop or a fall in herd immunity. And also because of non-administration of mandatory booster vaccine dose to children. So when we say a booster dose of vaccine. It means an extra administration of vaccine after an early primary dose. When we say herd immunity. It means a high percentage of the population are immunized through vaccination. Now this is important because imagine lot of people in a particular society are vaccinated. That means there is herd immunity. Say some disease, say some person is infected by a particular disease. Say a contagious disease. Now this disease cannot spread because of herd immunity. Because other people nearby him are already immunized. So herd immunity prevents the spread of contagious diseases. And this is because most of the population are immunized or vaccinated. And it was also found that some of the older children also diagnosed with diphtheria. In the context of this news article. The older children means those children who are above 12 years of old and below 18 years of old. So a recent study revealed that the reason for the older children being diagnosed with diphtheria is because they were not given booster dose of vaccine against the infection. And there was also parental neglect in providing this booster vaccine. They are saying it is even a global phenomenon. Booster doses are given when the child is 18 months old or one and a half years old. And when and later again at the age of five years. But if the boosters are not given then the child will lose the immunity to these diseases by the age of 10. And by the age of 12 the immunity is completely lost. And adolescents are infected by these diseases. And that is one of the reasons why diphtheria was diagnosed in older children. The news article mentions that misinformation about the safety, effectiveness and importance of vaccination is also one of the reasons that led to resurgence of these infectious diseases recently. So there has to be steps to address the misinformation about vaccination and also emphasis on ensuring high immunization rates, high vaccination rates and also providing essential vaccines for children. And there are also some studies going on about studying the population of South India with respect to prevalence of purchases. And such studies are aiming to enable a framing a policy to vaccinate pregnant women for diphtheria, tetanus and purchases. Particularly during their pregnancy. The news article says during pregnancy currently only the vaccines for diphtheria and tetanus are being administered. But if you see the norm in developed countries even the purchases vaccination is provided during pregnancy. But it is yet to be adopted in our country. News article also talks about cocoon vaccination. So when we say cocoon strategy of vaccination it means a protective layer that is a protective layer around children. Those who are around the children should become a protective layer. This can be achieved by providing appropriate vaccination doses to the parents to those people who can come into contact with the children. It's like protecting the children by vaccinating the persons those who can come into contact with these children. So that when they are vaccinated they cannot be infected by such a disease. So that there will definitely no way of transferring of this disease from such persons to the children. Other than diphtheria and purchases the news article also talks about the need to focus on digital de-addiction. And while there is focus on non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and cancers. The article urges to give enough attention to health issues such as addiction to social media. When we say de-addiction it is digital de-addiction here. Addiction to social media and video games. So there has to be enough digital de-addiction centers to guide the students and children and even some adult members to manage these problems. And the article also mentions that some hospitals in India has already established digital de-addiction centers. So these are some of the information with respect to the analysis of this news article. Now let's move on to next article. This news article is about a new way of avoiding man-elephant conflict. That was discovered by farmers of some villages in the Nagawan district of Central Assam. They have actually found a way to keep the crop-raiding elephants from damaging their crops. They have created a meal zone for the elephants by setting aside certain lands so as to keep these elephants away from damaging their crops. Approximately some 33 hectares of community land have been donated by the farmers of 12 villages in the Ronghang Hattikuli area of Central Assam's Nagawan district. The farmers take turns to plant the paddy crops here. This cropping is exclusively for the elephants. These are some of the elephants that come from the hills of Karbi Anglong district. If you see the map of Assam state of India, two districts are joining each other. One is Karbi Anglong district and the other is Nagawan district. So these elephants come down from the hills of Karbi Anglong district and the farmers of this particular district called as Nagawan district have set up a meal zone so as to keep the crop-raiding elephants away from their crops. They have planned to cultivate paddy in the meal zone for elephants because elephants like paddy. And this particular meal zone or the crop land for the elephant is called as Jumbo Kethi. When we say Jumbo, it refers to elephants. And this method has been devised by the farmers as a last line of defense against some 350-400 elephants. And news reports say that these elephants have frequently traveled very close to human habitations. So these are the regions' potential for human-animal conflict. And recently of these venturing elephants, five of them were killed by electrocution by illegal electric fences in last some 16 months. And around six elephants have been injured by spears and arrows and they later died in the jungles. To reduce such kind of man-animal conflicts, the farmers have devised or framed this new strategy. Now along with the paddy crops, the farmers have also planned to cultivate or grow Napier grass. They are saying that the Napier grass is also planted in some 8 hectare area. This Napier grass is also called as Elephant grass or Uganda grass. See this particular species is native to tropical grasslands of Africa. It has very high productivity both as fodder grass or forage grass for livestock and also as a biofuel crop. It is also one of the favorite food of elephants that is the reason why it is named as also called as Elephant grass. So when the elephants come down from the hills of Karbianglong district, first they will see the paddy fields. And then they will see the barren land between the paddy field and the grass plantation on the other side. See this grass plantation is nothing but the Napier grass plantation. Between the grass plantation and the paddy field, there will be a barren land in which the local population have planted saplings of Otunga species and then jackfruit and banana trees. This Otunga is also called as Elephant apple. This fruit will be round in shape with few bumps, resemble quite like an elephant's toe. And this is served as main food source for the wild elephants. That is one of the reason why they call this Otunga as Elephant apple. So first paddy fields will be there, then barren land, then on the right hand side there will be grass plantation. Wherein we can see Napier grass will be grown. So this three-step plantation will be there to ensure the meal zone and also to ensure the elephants do not come close to human habitations. So thus these plantations will provide enough food for the elephants and it also therefore helps in reducing the man and animal conflicts. And also the crops grown by the farmers on the other side also will not be damaged. So once elephants do not attack or come close to human habitations or once elephants do not damage the crops grown by humans, there will not be any human-animal conflict. That means there will be safety for elephants. And this is an important measure taken by the farmers of Assam to tackle the man-elephant conflict. This is about this news article. Now let's move on to the next article. This news article is about the analysis carried out by CSIR CFTRI about the polyethylene terephthalate bottles. There have been certain speculations on leaching of harmful chemicals from the PET bottles particularly when they are subjected to higher temperatures. The Central Food Technology Research Institute have conducted an analysis and they have reported that the PET bottles are safe. PET stands for polyethylene terephthalate. Now it is a general purpose thermoplastic polymer that belongs to the polyester family of polymers. They are actually known for excellent mechanical, excellent chemical and thermal resistance and thermal stability. This polyethylene terephthalate is a strong and lightweight plastic that has been commonly used for packaging foods and beverages. Now we saw that it is a polymer that belongs to polyester family of polymers. When we say polymer they are materials that are made of long and repeating chains of molecules and these molecules are called as monomers. So polymers are materials made of long repeating chains of monomers. The polymers have their unique properties depending on the type of molecules being bonded and how they are actually bonded. Polyester is one such polymer that has ester functional group in their main chain. The structural formula for ester is R-C over R. So they are derived from carboxylic acid and also from alcohols. The analysis by the Central Food Technology Research Institute has concluded that the PET bottles do not leach harmful chemicals when exposed to high temperatures. They are saying that antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, mercury, selenium and zinc all were below their detection limits of around 0.001 milligram per kilogram. They are talking about another synthetic organic compound called as bisphenol capital A. Even this organic compound was found below its detection limit of 0.02 milligram per kilogram. So this means that the presence of these metals and chemicals are below the minimum level required for their detection. So this bisphenol A capital A is a synthetic organic compound that is used in the manufacture of PET bottles. So the use of this bisphenol capital A is now phased out or now no more in practice. This is after a research found out that there is a link between the presence of BPA and variations in hormone regulation and also its link with breast cancer among women. So because of these issues, the use of BPA has been now phased out. Now let's see how the analysis was done. The researchers collected four different kinds of PET containers and they exposed them to different stimuli such as ethanol of varying concentrations, then acetic acid and also vegetable oil. See these stimuli were supposed to stimulate or trigger the kind of chemicals contained in the packaged food and drinks. So these chemicals in these packaged foods and drinks would trigger the leakage of metals or other secondary chemicals in the PET containers. To simulate that kind of condition, they have used the chemicals that are usually available in the foods and drinks. While they found out that the chemicals were below detection limit, they have also proved that the amount of these chemicals are also below the European Union regulation norms for the specific migration limit. So when we say specific migration limit, it means maximum permitted quantity of a specific substance that can leach or migrate from a food packaging material into the food that is kept or stored in the food packaging material. CSIR is an autonomous body that is registered under Society's Registration Act of 1860. It was established way back in 1942 and now under the Ministry of Science and Technology. Now the President of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research is the Prime Minister of our country. And it is said that it is the largest R&D organization in India with several laboratories under it. Even the Central Food Technology Research Institute in Mysore is also a laboratory under CSIR. This research institute has carried out the analysis with respect to the PET bottles. Now of several focal areas, Central Food Technological Research Institute focuses on food technology, molecular nutrition and also food safety. So it is under the purview of food safety they have carried out the analysis. And some of the secondary objectives also include developing technologies to reduce post-harvest losses and also to increase exports and also to find new sources of food products. So these are some of the secondary objectives with respect to the Central Food Technological Research Institute which is a laboratory under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. So these are some of the information with respect to the analysis of this news article. Now this question is with reference to wild buffalo. They are asking which among the following statements are correct. Now the first statement it is found only in the northeastern region of India. Now during the analysis we saw that wild buffaloes are found in northeastern region and also in central India particularly in the state of Chattisgarh. And according to wildlife trust of India the estimated population of wild buffalo in the northeastern region is around some 3000 to 4000 individuals. And they say that within the Indian landscape the northeastern region constitutes the largest population of wild buffaloes. At national level if you take the total number of wild buffaloes in India they constitute 92% of world population of wild buffalo. So we can say more than 90% of wild buffaloes are found in India. So the first statement is incorrect but if appropriate conservation measures are not taken to protect the available wild buffaloes in the central Indian region maybe in future this statement may become correct. If the wild buffaloes become extinct in the region of central India. Now let's come to the second statement. They are saying it is protected by the Wild Life Protection Act of 1972. Now this statement is correct and wild buffaloes are protected under schedule 1 of Wild Life Protection Act of 1972. So the second statement is correct. Now the third statement it is listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List. Now this statement is also correct. According to IUCN total matured individuals are roughly around 2500 only. However overall we can say some 3000 to 4000 individuals are there in the world. And their population trend is decreasing. So they have been listed as endangered by IUCN Red List. So the correct statements are 2 and 3. So the correct answer should be option C 2 and 3 only. The moment you know the first statement is incorrect you can easily eliminate option A and B. Because both the options are saying statement 1 is also correct. Now let's go to the next question. Consider the following statements with reference to Dipteria. They have given 3 statements and are asking which of the above statements are not correct. First statement says it is a contagious disease. When we say contagious it is communicable disease. That is the disease can easily transmit from one person to another. So Dipteria is an infection of nose and throat that can spread easily through direct contact with the infected person through infected cough or sneeze droplets. So the statement 1 is correct. Now the second statement it is caused by a virus. Now we know that it is caused by a microorganism for sure. But it is not a virus it is bacteria. So it is caused by a bacterium called as Corinibacterium Dipteria. So therefore the second statement is not correct. Now the third statement until now there is no vaccine for the disease. Now this statement is wrong because Dipteria or Pertosis is a vaccine preventable disease. Now the third statement is wrong. So they are asking which of the above statements are not correct. Only one first statement is correct. So the answer should be option D 2 and 3 only. So this question is with reference to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. So they have given 3 statements and are asking to select the correct statements based on the given codes. The first statement CSIR works under Ministry of Science and Technology. Now that CSIR was established in 1942 and at present it is working under Ministry of Science and Technology. And the Vice President of this organization is the Minister for Science and Technology. So the first statement is correct. The second statement says it is a body registered under Societies Registration Act of 1860. Now this statement is also correct. Now the third statement it is presided by the Prime Minister of India. Now this statement is also correct. The President of this organization is the Honorable Prime Minister of India. So the correct answer for this question is option D 1 2 and 3. With this we come to the end of today's The Hindu News Analysis. If you like the video press the like button, comment, share and subscribe to Shankaray's Academy YouTube channel for more updates and content on civil service exam preparation.


What is up guys? Karma Medic here and welcome back to another dose. If you don't know who I am, my name is Nasser. I'm a second year medical student studying at Kings College London. As you can see from the title of today's video, I'm going to be talking about a subject that is a little bit difficult for me to talk about. It definitely brings up some of the more sad memories of my life. So I'm going to spend the first half of this video talking about my life story, what it is that happened to me in my rejections in medical school, both in 2013 and then again in 2017. And then I'm going to spend the second half of the video just talking about rejection in general, how it is that I think you can deal with it and what you should do to move on and better yourself and ensure that you can get into medical school the next time that you apply. I've also been receiving quite a few messages from you guys recently telling me that you've been rejected from all the medical schools that you applied to. I know how difficult of a time that is. I've been through the rejection process twice, so I understand I really do. And I know that at the time when I was rejected by medical school, it would have definitely helped me if I could sit down and watch a video about someone else's perspective, someone else's story and realize that I'm not alone and that I'm not going through this by myself. So first things first, what is my story? What is it that happened to me? So I first applied to medical school back in 2013 when I was finishing high school and I only applied to the UK at the time. I applied to Imperial, Edinburgh, Kings and Cambridge.  That was really difficult at the time. I just, I didn't know what to do. All of my friends were getting their acceptances for like engineering, for maths, for history, for politics, whatever it is. And I was sitting there with absolutely zero interviews. I hadn't even attended the interviews yet, you know? When you get rejected before the interview stage it's like they didn't even give you a chance and that was a really tough time. I did however manage to secure one interview at Cambridge and I was really, really excited for that but I just did not know how to prepare for it. No one had told me the importance of preparing for the interview. No one had told me how to prepare for the interview and I was just so, so, so lost. And what I actually did to prepare for my Cambridge medical school interview was memorize my biology textbook. Pretty horrible idea, I know. And that's actually part of why I started this YouTube channel in the first place. I know that I was so lost when I was going through the whole medical school application process and I wish that I had someone to tell me, hey, this is what you should study, this is what you should focus on and this is what you need to do. But I didn't have that and so obviously my Cambridge interview was just shambles. I felt such a big sense of confusion. All my life up until that point had been so structured, so well planned. I always knew what I was doing and now here I was not going to the next natural step of my life which was to get into medical school. So really when I say this I mean it so wholeheartedly I know what it feels like to have been rejected from medical schools. I know that feeling of rejection and the feeling of trying so hard and working so hard towards a goal and it not ending up manifesting in a positive result. It's a tough time, it really is a tough time. I know that and it might seem like the end of the world at the moment but it's really not. There's a lot of things you can do from here. So the reason that I think I didn't end up getting into medical school the first time I applied was because of my UK cap. No one had told me that this exam is crucial for you to get into medical school. I think I did about a week, a week and a half of practice for the UK cap before I took it and that didn't help me in my chances of getting into medical school. My dad had also told me make sure you apply to some schools in Canada and at the time I thought that was the stupidest idea why would I apply to schools in Canada if I know that I'm going to get into medical school in the UK and of course what actually ended up happening is that the decision to apply to Canadian schools saved me in the end but of course I didn't know that at the time. After I had gone through the period of feeling extremely bad feeling really sorry for myself and just you know being down from being rejected from medical school I knew that I now had to start making some decisions, making some plans in order to move on from this and so I basically had two options at this point. I was either going to take a gap year and spend a year working on building up my CV, retaking my UK cap, getting as much medical experience as I can to make sure that I am going to be the best medical school applicant when I apply for the next year or I was going to go to a Canadian school and do an undergraduate degree and then apply for medicine as a graduate student. Now at the time I really didn't want to slow down my momentum. The idea of not being in university while all of my friends are in university and just taking a full year off from studying in a structured environment was really really scary for me. I decided that the best thing for me to do was to go to a Canadian school for an undergraduate degree and in the end this turned out to be the absolute best decision that I made. I couldn't see it at the time and at the time I was so upset and I was so sad that I wasn't in medical school I was devastated that I had to do this undergraduate degree before I even got to apply again and looking back it was actually one of the best things that ever happened to me. So I ended up doing my degree in two majors biotechnology and microbiology and then the minor was immunology. In those four years of my undergraduate degree I matured so so so much you know as an 18 year old I sort of knew that I wanted to be a doctor I knew that I wanted to go to medical school but truth be told I actually had no idea what being a doctor entailed. I didn't actually know what it's like to be on the wards for 12 hour shifts I didn't know what it's like to talk to and interact with patients and have to deal with really difficult subjects I just wasn't I just didn't know what that was like and that's fair enough because I hadn't been old enough to experience those things and so over my four years at university I ended up volunteering in a center for victims of torture where I talked to patients for extended periods of time and learned how to deal with people who are coming from really difficult situations who are in very different cultural backgrounds than me. I managed to get a lot of shadowing experience with doctors and surgeons and also managed to work in a couple of labs as well doing both hospital clinical work and also research it was basically just an amazing four years to help build myself build my character mature and really realize that medicine is in fact what I want to do. In fact I think being a graduate student studying medicine is a huge huge huge advantage and I think I have a full video dedicated to that somewhere on the channel I think it's called something like the truth about being a UK graduate student or something like that I'll leave a link to it in the description and somewhere over here so after four years at the University of Toronto I felt really just empowered to apply to medical school again I knew for a fact that I wanted to be a doctor and I had so much experience under my belt that could back up why it is that I wanted to be a doctor I'd also learned how to study I'd learn how to take notes well I had explored a lot not only about life and everything that was around me but also about myself I had learned a lot about myself I had grown as a person I had matured and I was just ready to take on and tackle medical school and this time I didn't want to take any chances I was like you know what I'm going to apply to both UK medical schools and Canadian medical schools if one country doesn't accept me the other one will and lo and behold what happened I got rejected from all of the medical schools that I applied to in Canada that was extremely devastating I couldn't believe that I had been rejected all over again and I was about to go through the same process that I went through four years ago but then slowly slowly the UK medical schools started getting back to me now this time around when I had applied to UK medical schools I was so much more confident in myself first things first I had my good high school grades with my solid IB score to apply with I had also finished four years of my undergraduate degree and I had those grades to apply with and then third and finally and probably most importantly my UK cat score was really really good this time and I have a lot of videos talking about the UK cat exam how it is that I prepared for it how it is that I did so well and if you guys are interested in that you can find the links to it somewhere here on my channel so the second time around in 2017 when I applied to UK medical schools again I ended up applying to Kings Bristol Southampton and Queen Mary's Queen Mary's rejected me outright without an interview and then I got interviews for the other three I ended up rejecting Southampton's interview because at the time I'd already been accepted to Bristol and I also got accepted to Kings so as a mature student when I went to do my interviews I felt like a grown man who was there at the interview who knew exactly what he wanted to do who knew why he wanted to pursue medicine and so really the second time around when I was applying everything was just so so so much easier and I can't stress that enough as a mature student the whole process is going to be easier you're going to feel more confident you're going to do better and you're probably going to have higher chances of getting accepted so now that I'm done telling you my entire life story about the UK medical schools and rejection let's move on to talking about rejection in itself what it is that you can do to move past rejection and how it is that you can build yourself to make sure that when you apply next time you're definitely going to get in so the first thing that you have to do is just realize that for this year for this cycle you're not going to get into medical school and that is it's a very tough fact to come to grips with it's a very tough thing to accept but that is the truth and that's the first step in being able to move past the fact that you have been rejected it's realizing your current situation and how you're going to move forward from it after that something really important that I want to say is that medical school is not a one-time shot it's not a one-time opportunity where you just sort of throw in everything you have and if it doesn't work out that's it it's done. Students get rejected every single year and so many of them find a way to get back into medicine whether that's applying the next year after a gap year or whether it's applying two years later after a gap year and doing some work experience or whether it's after doing a full undergraduate degree and then applying again and in fact if you get rejected at the age of 18 in the UK for medical school you are still at least five years ahead of anyone who's getting into medical school in either the US or Canada. In the US and Canada the average entrance age for medical school is 24. Medical school is a really long career it's a really long path and it's going to take something like 12 to 14 years until you become the top consultant or top surgeon that you want to be so just taking one year out to take a gap year or to get extra work experience or whatever is nothing in the grand scheme of things and you have so much to learn and so much to gain from experience in that one year that it's going to make you so much more of a better applicant so much more of a better person. I would honestly try and see it as a positive thing that you now have time to be able to work on yourself to work on your experiences and also retake any exams or A levels or whatever it is that could help improve your application. And keep in mind me and all of my friends who are on the graduate course in medical school right now we were all rejected from medical school the first time we applied and some of my friends applied up to four times before they go into medical school and here they are sitting right next to me in class doing the exact same tests we're all in the exact same level. Also remember that if you're being rejected by medical schools right now you likely still have your A levels or your IB exams coming up and you need to do really really well in those to make sure that you have solid high school grades when you go to apply for medical school the next time so don't give up now don't drop everything yet. Something else that was great for me when I was rejected from medical school is that it forced me to sort of sit back and examine the situation and realize is this really what I want to do is medicine the career path that I have chosen for myself just because that's always what I've wanted to do from when I was younger or is this something that I actually truly want to do. So for everyone who's watching who has been rejected by medical schools this year or last year or is going to be rejected next year in the future when you're watching this video just trust me this is not the end of the road this is by no means the final shot for you to get into medical school. If it is your dream and if it is your passion it is so possible you need to work on it and you need to work hard no one said it's going to be easy but it's definitely possible to get into medical school and personally for me getting rejected was honestly one of the best things that happened to me. I was able to gain four years of life experience four years of work experience just grow and mature as a person and I can't explain how valuable that is now that I'm in medical school as an older student as a mature student I've been through this experience before of being at university and I feel so much more confident in my ability to take on medical school now. Okay so I think that's it for me that's where I'm going to end this video this definitely wasn't the easiest video for me to make and I hope that in me talking about what I've been through and my rejections that it helps some of you guys also overcome what's going on with you right now. Next week back to a nice happy up the talkative video and I'll see you guys then peace


Hey, this is Brett with Summit Auto in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used Ram and light-duty truck headquarters and today I'm super excited to show you this brand new 2021 Ram 1500 Crew Cab 5'7", short box with the Ram box. This is a big horn level 2 and it is also the built to serve edition in flame red, which makes it a marine edition. This truck has the 5.7 liter V8 Hemi motor with the e-torque assist. It's going to get you 22 miles per gallon on the highway, 19 average and 17 city. And once again, this is the flame red color and depending on which branch of the military you associate with, you could pick different colors. So this is the marine color along with tank, which is a green color. You could also get anvil or billet silver, which is for the Air Force. The army, you could get gator, which is a different green color or diamond black. Navy, you can get Patriot blue or ceramic gray, also known as sting gray on the Jeeps. And then for the Coast Guard, you can get Spitfire orange or bright white. And once again, this is flame red. So this is the marine edition. They made a thousand of these in 2021 in red and they had different numbers for different colors, but this one and tank for the Marines is a thousand each of those two colors. Anyways, we're going to do a walk around here. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet or smartphone device, turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the look, styling and options of the vehicle before seeing it in person or if you just want to learn a little bit more about the built to serve edition, then thanks for watching. So we'll start off right now and you get the Ram blacked out logo. You also get the step bars part of the built to serve edition. You also get these 20 inch granite crystal painted alloy rims and you can only get these rims on the built to serve edition as far as I know. And this truck comes with Falcon wild peak tires. These are 275 55 are 20s and they are an all terrain tread pattern on there. Like these tires got the same ones on my truck. Get the front fender flares there. You also get the blacked out headlight bezels. This one does come with the LED headlamps, LED running lights and LED fog lamps. You also get the painted black front and rear bumper and matching grill. This one does have the front bumper park assist. Really a good looking truck with the black and red accents. We're going to take a look at the original window sticker. I'm not going to go through everything but just the major points. So feel free to pause this at any second or fast forward if you don't want to see all the stuff. Anyways, 2021 model year Ram 1500 big horn crew cab 5-7 Hemi with the e-torque 8 speed automatic transmission. Everything on the left there on the top is standard equipment. Your optional equipment starts right there. It's a big horn package 27Z. The built to serve edition is $2,795. You get a lockable console storage bin underneath this center console is a locking bin comes with two keys. It's pretty cool and I'll do it just because it's easier here than when I'm sitting in the truck to show you that bin. So that's pretty cool.  So really makes it kind of an off-road machine with all those skid plates and the tow hooks there and the hill descent control. So that's everything that comes with the built to serve edition. You also get some patches and you get the different seats. So it's kind of like the rebel seats where it's that like rubber material, the leather material and then the cloth on the inside. This one also has the patches stitched into the backrest. You get the light, medium graystone accent stitching. You also get the built to serve badge right here. So just a couple extra things that they do that's not really listed on the window sticker here.  The e-torque Hemi is $19.95. The dual pane panoramic sunroof is $14.95. Rear wheelhouse liners are $195. And then the Uconnect 12 inch radio is a $2095 option, gives you navigation standard. You get serious XM with 360L, the serious Guardian for a year, serious traffic plus and traveling for five years. And then you get blind spot and cross path detection which is $5.95. Time box is $9.95 and trailer brake controller is $2.95. Total MSRP on this truck is $57.895 and if you want to get your summit price in the upper right hand part of your screen is a link to our website, click that and check us out there to get all your rebates and incentives on this particular truck. Three-year 36 bumper to bumper, five-year 60 powertrain warranty. There are your miles per gallon. I was not lying, 22 highway, 17 city, 19 average and then the safety ratings on these trucks are great, five and four stars up and down the board. Definitely would feel safe hauling my family around in this particular truck. There are those all-weather formats, better look at those step bars that you get with the built-to-serve edition. Four-wheel disc brakes, you also get the rear coil springs which gives you a better ride on the highway when you're unloaded. You also get the built-to-serve sticker here with the American flag. You get the RAM boxes, they have removable plugs down here so if you have ice and drinks in here you can pull that plug out and drain it pretty easy and then you do get LED lighting in here as well. This locks with the ignition key, you get the LED tail lamps, you get the blacked out 4x4 RAM and big horn logo on the back. You get the kind of black chrome exhaust tips, parking sensors back here, full towing package which includes a receiver hitch, 4 pin and 7 pin wiring, has the drop-down assist tailgate so it's never going to slam down on you. You get the tie-down cleats and cargo storage system back here as well. The tailgate is extremely light, easy to put up and as you go down this side you get the sticker there as well. This one does have the capitalist fuel fill which is a really nice system. Now we're going to get gas on your hands again and you also get the heated mirrors, power fold-in mirrors, blind spot, blind spot mirrors and directional signals on there. Once again the built-to-serve addition gives you the black leather, rubber, cloth interior and you get that patch on the backrest as well. Really do like the seat designs on these particular trucks. Power driver seat with lumbar, factory all-weather formats, auto headlamps, power pedals, tilt and telescopic steering wheel. You get audio controls in the back of the steering wheel, power windows, power locks, power mirrors. Once again they power fold-in, get the cloth bolsters on the doors as well as this diamond-plated finish looking trim there. We'll hop inside and take a look at the instrument cluster and everything. We get the big horn animation there. Seven inch LCD display, digital speedometer, compass, battery voltage. You also have oil temperature and then you can change those corners to read pretty much whatever you want. Say you want miles per gallon, miles to empty, time, you can switch those all around. You also have a range to empty right there. You get the heated leather wrap steering wheel, cruise controls and gear selector on the right, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left. Push button start, eight speed automatic transmission. You do get the four-wheel drive auto, push button four-wheel drive for the rest, a neutral feature. Start, stop capabilities, downhill assist control and then you get the axle lock. Remember these two are with the built-to-serve edition. Here's the 12 inch radio. Really a great radio that you connect 4C. 12 inch radio is awesome. You get the factory navigation with that. Remember you get serious guardian for your traffic and travel link for five years. You also have AM FM and serious XM radio capabilities. You have your heated seats and heated steering wheel controls. You also have your backup camera here and I love that the backup cameras and the Rams are HD no crystal clear. You have that center line right there which lines right up with your receiver hitch. You can actually zoom in once you get really close to whatever you're going to be towing whether it's your boat camper or trailer. So you can get hooked up to your camper the first time every time without any help. You also have your climate controls here. Now you can do your climate controls on the radio. If you don't like doing that you can do them on the sides here and then finally we have all your different apps that you can do and you have your projection manager here as well where you can project your cell phone to the screen. So say through Android Auto or Apple CarPlay and if you have those on your phone and maybe a different navigation system you like to use better than the factory one or say you got songs or media that you want to play on the radio you can do that through the screen. We actually did a demo on Android Auto if you want to check that out in the upper right hand part of the screen so click that and check us out there. Down here is your factory brake controller stability control tow hull from the rear parking sensors. You do get two USB's two aux I'm sorry two USB's two USB-C jacks and then an aux jack cell phone holder and now because that locking storage compartments there you can't get down here to your plug-in is easy but you do get one down there it's a 115 volt 400 watt plug-in right there. You do get your keyless entry with remote start and then you get coin holders right there as well and two cup holders. Once again that built-to-serve badge on the side there a little bit better look at that. You also get the patches on the side of the seats which is kind of neat and then you get the panoramic sunroof so second row fixed glass front power sunroof and here are your map lights SOS and assist buttons power sunroof controls as well as well as power sunshade controls and that's for your power sliding rear window. Home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems. We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll do one more final walk around so I can show you the truck with all the lights on. You do get the latch child safety system back here you also get the same design as the front seats the only difference is you don't get the patches on the backrest but it's the same leather and rubber and cloth mesh. Flat load floor or flat floor back here which is nice if you have pets they can lay on that and not get your seats dirty. Two USBs two USB C's back here as well you do get that diamond plated trim there and then a 115 volt 400 watt plug-in back here as well. Back and seats are trimmed out get these holders right here as well these seats fold up for extra storage and then you also have in-floor storage with removable containers you can take those out for easy cleaning and you can also put ice and drinks in there so more mini coolers.  Child safety locks on the back doors you get the same trim on the bolsters there and I'll do one more final walk around here on the truck so you can see it with all the lights on and take note you do get the LED license plate lights LED tail lamps and I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you have gotten a really good idea of the overall looks and styling and options on this particular truck and learned a little bit about the built-to-serve edition and got to check it out LED headlamps and running lights very very bright you also get those LED fog lamps down there and once again thanks for checking out the video remember to like subscribe and share and to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars trucks and SUVs go to that website right there www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com and if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there in fact in a second you will see link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left you link to more ram 1500 truck videos like this one on your right if you have not been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those check us out and we're super excited to be offering this really good looking 2021 ram 1500 crew cab short box with the ram box big horn level 2 built to serve addition in flame red clearcoat thanks again for checking out the video and thanks to all of our military personnel out there we appreciate it


Hello friends, I am Dr. Rajneesh Sardana. I am the head of pacing electrophysiology at the Manipal Heart Institute in New Delhi. Today we are going to talk about patients who have pacemaker or what we call as living with a pacemaker. Pacemaker is a device which is implanted in the body and the lead goes into the heart. For patients we have got slow heart rates and pacemaker by enlarge looks after avoiding slower heart rates and blackouts in return. There is some special kind of pacemaker which also helps in patient with congestive heart failure. Pacemakers are of various kinds and it is always nice to know about your pacemaker and what are the right kind of pacemaker. Not only that, I see lot of patients who have got pacemaker who see a cardiologist and they get either not even interrogated or programmed. The pacemaker is not even checked properly, they see a cardiologist and come back and keep saying that the pacemaker is working well. A pacemaker once it is implanted should be followed by electrophysiologist because there are so many functions within the pacemaker which have to be optimized. Most of these patients will benefit from a tailor made programming or what we call as change in the functions we have. Like in a phone there are so many functions we don't even know. But in a pacemaker there are so many functions which can be programmed, turned on, turned off and as per the need of the patient they can be adjusted in a way where the patient benefits most out of it. So I would highly recommend that a pacemaker patient should see an electrophysiologist, a cardiac trained electrophysiologist and he or she should particularly look after the programming. Usually the frequency required is once in every 6 months unless there is any symptom. And I would probably recommend against pacemakers being checked by certain manufacturers where they are sending semitrained technicians who just do the check and all they tell you that the pacemaker battery is fine. So I strongly recommend the patients who got pacemaker's devices should see a cardiac electrophysiologist, a trained person and he or she should know about the cardiac history and they should program it appropriately for individual each and every patient. Thank you.