So, this talk is about Freedom Box Free Libre Personal Server built within Debian. A little bit about myself, my name is James Valeroy. I've been working on the Freedom Box project since 2013, about four years now. And I've also been a Debian maintainer since May of this year. Is the volume good? Okay, so I'll give a very brief introduction to the project, mostly for people who might not have heard about it before. And I'll mostly talk about the current status of the project. I'm going to give some technical details and talk about how you can help the project. At the end, we'll have some time for questions. So, first, what is Freedom Box? Well, it's a Debian project, also a Debian pure blend. This means that all of the software used in Freedom Box is packaged within Debian. And the purpose is to make it easy to run a personal server, especially replacing third-party services that would otherwise be collecting all your data. So we want people to run these Freedom Box in their home as their own personal server and hosting their own web apps and other network applications. And really the goal of the project is zero administration, because you shouldn't have to be a Debian expert or a system administrator to use a Freedom Box. It shouldn't require any special technical skill. So just an idea of what it looks like. This is a screenshot of Plinth, our web interface, and showing some of the apps that you can install. And so I'll talk about the current status of the project. We had our first stable release in Debian Stretch this year, meaning the core packages for Freedom Box are all in Debian Stretch. And we build live images based on using Debian Stretch for a number of different devices and virtual machines, including lots of different ARM-based single-board computers and x86 architectures as well. And besides the live images, you can turn any Debian system into a Freedom Box. There's instructions on the Wiki and how to do that right now. You have to install a package and then run a setup script. In the near future, we want to automate that step, so you just have to install a package. So talk about some of the features that are in the current release in Stable. Infanotet is the server for Gaby, the collaborative text editor. ickywiki allows you to easily create a wiki or blog. For XMPP, we have eJabberD for the server side. And we also have a XMPP web client. There's a SIP server, Repro. Mumble is a voice chat server as well. Radical is a CalDAV, CardDAV server for Calendar and Address Book. We also have Less Encrypt integration, which means you can easily acquire an official certificate for a domain that points to your Freedom Box. And then Provoxy is a web proxy that also will do some ad blocking. Open VPN, you can run the server side on the Freedom Box and then connect to it using a client on your laptop or a mobile client. Tor, we have a couple different features like you can download packages over Tor for a little bit extra privacy. You can also set up a hidden service, which will give you a .onion address, which you can access through the Tor browser. And you also have the option of running as a relay or bridge relay to help support the Tor network. Quasl as an IRC client basically keeps you connected to IRC networks. The Freedom Box will stay connected and you can access it from different devices. And then there's also a BitTorrent web interfaces. And there's other features. This is just a sample. Some of the upcoming features that are being worked on either in testing or in an upcoming release. Sync Thing is a final synchronization tool. It's mostly peer-to-peer, but the Freedom Box can act as an additional peer that's always up and running. So you always have access to your files. Matrix is a newer communication protocol, a federated communications protocol. It's become quite popular recently. And there's a home server package called Matrix Synapse. And you'll be able to install and run that on Freedom Box. Tahoe Lafts is another server where you can upload files and it does things like encrypting the files and splitting them up into different pieces that are sent to other servers. And then Diaspora, the federated social network, is currently in contrib, but I believe it will move back to Debbie and Maine in the near future. And then SSO, this basically allows you to log into one of the web apps on the Freedom Box without having to type in your password again. You just log into Plinth once and then it sets a cookie that will authenticate you to any other web apps. And just to talk about some of the supported hardware, we have live images available for a number of different single board computers, the Ola Nexino boards, which I have one up here, the QB truck and QB board, Beaglebone Black, PC Do We Know. There's also images for Raspberry Pi too. It does currently use non-free firmware, but there's free firmware replacement being developed now. It's just not quite at a state where we can use it for our purposes. And then besides that, there's images for x86 architectures and virtual machines. But besides all that, if you don't have one of the devices on this list, but you have a device that can run Debbie in, of course it can also be a Freedom Box. Okay, now I'll just give a quick demo. That's quite large. So this is the front page of Plinth where it shows all the apps that you have installed and are currently enabled. And basically, you can click on some of these services and it'll show you some information and you can go to configure it. And then for apps, like web apps, you can click and it'll just take you to the application. Then up here you have the list of apps, all the ones that are available to install. And typically click on one of those and it'll give you some status of the service and some basic configuration as well. And then there's a help button which has the manual and about page, the configuration tab, some basic system configuration options in here. Like if you wanted to get a lesson and crypt certificate, you could do that through this page. Or if you wanted to set up the network, there's basically a front end to network manager where you can configure a network through here and a number of other options. But I'll talk more about those later. I just want to talk about some of the core packages that we use in the FreedomBox. FreedomBox setup is the main package that depends on everything else basically. So it depends on Plinth, the web interface, Apache 2, and some other useful tools. And it also contains the setup scripts which mostly just are to enable certain Apache modules that we use or that we expect. And it also includes first boot scripts. These will, if you use a live image and you boot up the device, it'll check like the current network topology to configure the network connections and also generate keys for like SSH and SSL if they're needed. So Plinth, the web interface, is a Python application using the Django framework. It has a very modular design, essentially one module per application. And a Plinth module is really just a Django app with some extra fields. And what a module might do is just install the packages using apt, do some configuration. Typically we try to use devconf or agius for the configuration. And also provide basic service status and configuration forms. And then Freedom Maker is our live image building tool. It uses VMD bootstrap, but it has a customized script to set it up as a freedom box. And also some hardware specific setup like to make sure that UBoot gets put in the right place of the disk image. And just want to talk about some of the other packages that we rely on throughout Debian. So yeah, agius, the configuration tool. Avahi is the MDNS server. This allows you, if you have a freedom box running on your local network, you can typically type it, open a web browser and just type in like freedombox.local and it'll take you right to the box. Assuming the client also supports MDNS. Serpa is the package that handles Let's Encrypt. Edgekeeper will take the contents of slash ETC and check it into a Git repository. Easy IP update is used for the dynamic DNS module. We have Firewall D, which is really just a front end to IP tables. Network manager, NTP to set the date and time on the box. Snapper, if you use the butterfs file system, you can use snapper to create snapshots of the full file system and also roll back to a previous one. Open LDAP is used to store all the user information. We're planning to add a lot more fine-grained control like which applications a certain user can access. PageKite is another way to get around like a NAT or Firewall, but it only supports certain protocols like HTTP or SSH. Tor, I talked about already, and unintended upgrades basically will check every day to see if there's any new package updates available and try to install them. So just talk about some ways you can help as far as packaging. Since we only use software in Debian, you might notice a lot of web apps are not packaged already, so if you see a web app that you like, please consider packaging it. We also have a page on the wiki called Leaving the Cloud. This is categorized with each section refers to a third-party service, and there's a list of alternatives, free software that might be packaged to provide an alternative to that service. And then as far as package setup, consider things that would make it easier for an end user to host a service. So even things like including a system D service file. So to start the service, and then if you have a database, consider doing the database setup with the package configuration. So there's a package called dbconfig common, which can handle that. And really anything else that might make it easier to host a package. A web server configuration snippet, for example. And we also have a Freedombox packaging team, which is mainly maintaining the core packages that I mentioned. And then beyond that, people interested in Freedombox will also try to help out send patches to other packages that we use. They're typically maintained outside of this team and other teams. Some other ways you can help the project. The reproducible builds effort. This link has basically the entire package set of Freedombox and showing which ones are reproducible and which ones are not. And it should have also the bugs where you can try to send patches to help with that. And then security hardening. I don't know too much about this topic, but I guess in system D service files, there are certain things you can add to limit the privileges of the service. So just consider doing that for different services. And then also app armor is currently being discussed as a default for WN. So contributing profiles to packages would also help. Other ways to help hardware support. Like I said, if Debian can run on a device, then it can also be a Freedombox. So if you can get Debian running on more devices, that would certainly help us. Documentation, the end user manual is on the wiki. So you can contribute to that. And then for translations, we use this web late service for translating plinth. But then also the manual needs translations too, and that's done on the wiki. Okay, just want to talk about a couple... Is this okay? All right. Okay, so one kind of big issue I want to talk about deals with configuration of packages. Often we want to do some configuration to set up a package for use on Freedombox. The problem is if the configuration we want to modify is a cont file installed by a d-package. And then when you try to upgrade the package, of course you got a prompt asking you which one do you want to keep, the old one or the new one. So this makes unattended upgrades impossible because it doesn't know which version to keep. And of course our users are not technical, they don't have any technical skills, so they don't know which version to keep either. Or they don't know how to merge together to get what they want. So I guess one way that I've seen to work around this is instead of shipping a cont file, you generate the configuration in the post-ins of the package. And then there's different ways to do this. Some people use UCF, which can do like a three-way merge of the old configuration and the new configuration. But ultimately we really need the maintainer to handle upgrading the configuration to support the new version of the package. And then also DebConf is very useful for us because it's very easy for us to do configuration that way. And it also limits the kinds of changes that you might expect in the configuration file. So the maintainer knows what to expect. So they can handle the upgrade that way. So maybe some of you have other ideas on this topic that you can suggest. Some other things I just wanted to mention.  I guess there's two different sides. There's the full system backup and then backing up of individual application data. And you really need both because if a user wants to migrate from one hardware device to another, they want to just take their application data with them. I don't have any great solutions here, but it would be nice if there was a standard Debian way to tell a package, produce a backup of your data, or here's a backup that I want you to restore. Promoting blends. Just the idea is that once you've installed Debian, how do you find out about the blends that are available? So that's just something to think about. And at one time, I guess there was an effort to list all the blends in the Debian installer, but I guess there were also some problems with that approach. So maybe think about other ways to approach that problem. And I mentioned the live image builds which are currently not using Debian infrastructure. So what would it take to actually do live image builds using the Debian infrastructure? And then also the plinth upstream development currently is on GitHub, just mostly for historical reasons, that's kind of where that project started. But we would actually like to move it off of GitHub to another place. I know there is discussion within Debian of either replacing alias or upgrading it to something new and more user friendly. So we would definitely be interested in using that for plinth as well. And then here are some links. We have a landing page at freedombox.org, Wiki on the Debian Wiki, mailing list, and IRC channel. And I can also mention, if you go to freedombox.org, let me show that real quick. It has a link to download all the current images, live images here. And it also has some links at the bottom to the Wiki page or the manual. So you can navigate around that. So that's pretty much all I had to talk about. So are there any questions? One in the back? The question is that I have a NAS box with four disk enclosures. However, your support page does not list any devices that can support two or more disks. Do you have any plans for supporting radar or stimulus setup? Yeah, so the question was about a NAS box that had multiple disk drives. Does it run Debian or can it run Debian? I mean, I would just try installing Debian on it and then install Freedombox and see if it works. RAID setup. We don't have any specific support for that. So it would just be whatever is supported in the normal Debian install. Yes. I'd like to repeat some questions from the IRC. First, are there any plans to use Node.js? Node.js, the programming language? Yeah, the server. If there was a web application that used Node.js, it could certainly be supported. The main topic would be someone would have to package the web application. The second question, are there when and where will it be possible to buy Freedombox? I'm not personally involved in trying to sell Freedomboxes right now. I know the Freedombox foundation had talked about putting together like a development kit and so I make that available for sale. As far as I know, it's still really in the planning phase. On the other slide, you have propagate blends. What are you doing about this? I tried it before your talk, but I think it was not so interesting. Which one? You wanted to propagate the blends idea on one of your slides. Future plans? No, it was later. You have said one item was propagate blends. I didn't understand that. You wanted to propagate blends. Promote. Debian blends. Ah, blends. Okay, sorry. Yes, that was here. How do you do this? It's not really just a topic for me, but really for all of Debian I think and all of Debian blends especially. I don't have any specific approach to it. It was really just an idea to throw out there. Hello. Thanks for the presentation. I have a question. So it's supposed to be like a server, right? It's supposed to be small. So I have a question, for example, why there would be a need then for a network manager or an NTP if they can be easily replaced with the existing stuff that comes with Debian, like with SystemD, TimeSync, ResolveD, NetworkD. Yeah, and if you also support Raspberry Pi 3. Okay. I mean, if you have an approach to replace network manager with something else or NTP with something else, we can certainly look at that suggestion. I haven't found them to be typically too much blow. I mean, compared to other things, like the applications take up a lot more space, I think, than these services. And the other question was about Raspberry Pi 3. I'm working on building a live image to support that. So while the mic is running, let me ask, you said you have a lot of unpacked web applications. I don't know anything about web applications, but she seems to be pretty clever, and she's doing this or working with this Sandstorm project or company. Do you know anything about Sandstorm or intend to explore it? I've certainly been following the Sandstorm project as well, but the main difference I see is Sandstorm uses things that are outside of Debian, not just things inside Debian. Right? Okay, so, you know, would it make sense to support Sandstorm within a Freedom Box install to have a Sandstorm container or whatever it is? I think that would be kind of outside the scope of Freedom Box itself, but if someone wanted to create a derivative project that included Sandstorm, they could certainly do that. Okay. Sorry, regarding this, still, regarding the replacement, that's why I was asking the stuff, which I mentioned, the system, the network, the resolve, the time swing, they come with Debian, they come with SystemD, so you don't need network manager and NTP whatsoever, like at all. So you just need to enable stuff which already is there in Debian, and everything will be working. You will be getting the network time, you will be getting the network. Of course, there is no kind of hook or like switching or like network interfaces or stuff, but since it's supposed to be a server, it's supposed to have only one interface. Hi, I'm B-Dale. You're making a couple of interesting assumptions. One of them is, you're starting off saying, gee, isn't Freedom Box just supposed to be a server? The problem is, well, yes, it's a server, but there's a lot of different ways it might be used. There are some people who are primarily interested, for example, in having something that sits in their house and provides a set of services, and in that case, the network configuration is probably quite simple and reasonably static. But there are other people that are very interested in taking these and dropping them in places where some social action is happening. And at that point, all of a sudden, the device might be as much of a network client in need to have VPN configurations and things like that. So there's an element of generality that comes with things like Network Manager that aren't necessarily there with some of the underlying replacements. NTP is an example of something I think you could have a long conversation about, because as the former maintainer of the NTP stuff in Debian, I learned that there are many different people very differently about how NTP should be configured and where it should fit in the network start-up sequence and all of that. The other thing I wanted to mention, though, is that I don't have... I can eat it more? Wow. Okay, fine. Yeah, so the thing I was trying to suggest is you have to be careful about being too specific in what you think Freedom Box is supposed to be in terms of where it fits in the network, there are very different ideas about how they want to use this and where it might fall in the network config and so forth. A very reasonable configuration, for example, is to use it primarily as a way to have a pre-voxy instance between your random clients that don't understand how to do privacy-enhancing things and the rest of the net. And so you have to be careful when you say things like, gee, can't this be made simpler. The other thing I wanted to point out is that the work on Freedom Box predates a sense of system D. So going, gee, why aren't you just using all these things? Feel free to dive in and help them update, change, and improve. I'm sure they'd love to help. Thanks. Fair enough. I didn't see the other use case, so that's why. But thanks for bringing this up. Just to continue on as far as Freedom Box being used in different contexts, actually in these rural villages in India, they're setting up Freedom Boxes to serve Wi-Fi to the entire village and then also host, like, music streaming sites on the box. I was hoping to show a picture of that, but I didn't get one in time. A few other questions from the IOC? If I put Freedom Box on my QB truck, can it continue to be my miss TV backend? That is, can you mix arbitrary Debian packages with Freedom Box? It depends. Like in some cases, for example, if you had a different web server besides Apache and you tried to install Apache on top of that, there might be some conflicts there. If you have some technical skills, you're acting as the administrator, you're setting up the box, then certainly I'm sure you could find a way to make them work side by side. But that really depends on specifically your configuration and what you're doing with the box. So, not officially supported, but if you know what you're doing, basically? Yes. Okay. I guess the one who asked that question knows what he's doing. And another question, not a question, but a comment. A solution for the backup issue. Have model developers make their own backup and restore scripts? You said module developers? Model, application, whatever the... Application. Yeah, application. I assume the best person to do that is actually the package maintainer of the application that we're talking about. Maybe some people have other opinions on that. Hi, thanks for bringing this presentation to us today. I'm not sure. I had my eyes elsewhere in the room perhaps at the moment, but I think I missed if there's still own cloud or next cloud support. Was it dropped and why? Or is it there and I missed it? Yeah, own cloud was dropped from Debian entirely. Right. Naturally, we dropped it as well from Freedombox. Okay. Certainly can't install it. Okay. Yes. So is Sync thing going to replace the file sharing services that own cloud or next cloud would have supported? Yeah, I think it's a decent replacement for that part, the file sharing and synchronization part. Okay. Thanks. Yes. What happened to Charlie, the bookmark application? That was also dropped from Debian. So it's not installable, of course, and stable. I'm actually working on packaging it in Debian again, but really just going through some of the dependencies right now that need to be packaged. And also if someone knows a good alternative to Charlie for providing the same kind of bookmarking service, that would be good to look at as well. Do you still support first revision of Raspberry Pi? Because I can see like the stable version image on your download site for the 0.9. I can see like image, but... You're talking about the original Raspberry Pi? Yeah, first revision, yeah. I had an issue building the image recently. That's the only reason that we haven't built it up there. But I will say that one certainly does not use like Debian packaged kernel. So yeah, you might just want to consider that. Go ahead. So the own cloud question was actually quite a good example. What impacts, or how blends in Debian are actually related to the actual packages? Because if we all are or become a fan of Freedombox and then we have a feature in stable and then that stable becomes old stable and suddenly the features, some of the features are gone, that's related to actually packages not being maintained for some reason or another. So, especially with own cloud, the issue was that on cloud upstream refused to provide security patches for old version of on cloud. So, but if we actually want to support a blend like Freedombox, we as package maintainers have to keep our packages in shape if it's used in your blend and then all is fine. Also, if we decide to drop a package, we should consider, and talking sort of to myself and to people in the room here, that we actually become a bit more aware of where is my package actually used. So, and if you're talking about blends to actually make a consumer product out of Freedombox, then this goes, you know, steps and steps further. So, yeah, it's just blends are important in Debian. I think behind you there's another question. Anything else? If not, we can wrap up here and I'll be around if anyone else wants to come up and ask a question. All right, thanks everyone.


For God so loved the world that He gave His only Son, that whoever believes in Him should not pay much but have eternal life. Hey everybody, can we start off by just welcoming our other campus, Portage Campus. Let's put our hands together and welcome those who are over at Portage. We love you guys. Pastor Richard and Sarah, your little beautiful baby is so gorgeous. And Jane and I are looking forward to our grandson being born in January. And Ashley is doing well. So we're going to be in the middle of Sikh. So Jane and I are going to be praying and fasting. But I just want to warn you, if in the middle of the fast my grandchild is born, I am eating pizza and celebrating. So you guys will just have to hold it down. So good to be with everybody this morning. Turn with me in your Bibles to John chapter 3. This is part six of our series entitled 316. And while you're turning there, we just want to share with you a celebration point, something really cool that has happened in the last couple of days. Our very own Pastor Caleb Culver and Pastor Corey Asbury just received word that they have been nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Gospel Song of the Year. It's awesome. So all you need in life is to just be nominated for a Grammy. But it'd be even better to win one for Best Gospel Song. The song Reckless Love is just, it's impacting so many people's lives, but we just honor them and what God is doing from Kalamazoo, Michigan. Isn't that amazing? Kalamazoo is on the map, baby. We've been nominated. So John chapter 3, this is part six of our series 316. And today we're going to be talking about whoever believes those two words, for God so loved the world that he gave his only son that whoever believes in him will not perish, should not perish, but have everlasting life. How many of you have it memorized already? You've got John 316 memorized. Let's say it all together one more time. They put it up on the screens, both campuses.  Today we're talking about whoever believes. I actually grew up memorizing the King James and New King James Bible. So all my Bible memorization is New King James. And the New King James, when it translates this verse, uses the word whosoever, not whoever. Whoever's what the English standard version, which this is what I typically study him and preach out of. But whenever I read John 316, my old New King James kicks in. And I love the flow of that word whosoever. Everybody say whosoever. See, it sounds better than whoever, but they're both kind of the same. So it's whatever. It's whosoever, whoever. But it's interesting that when we use the word whoever, it's typically in the context of just kind of whatever. I mean just whoever, that's fine, whatever. But when God uses that word, as he does in John 316, whoever believes, shall be saved, whoever calls upon the name of the Lord. He's using it in the context of an open door of opportunity that includes everybody. See, the reality is in our world, we typically attribute great things, good luck, significant opportunities, awards, prizes, celebrity status, being well known to somebodies. People that are somebody. You mentioned names. Oh, that's somebody. Well, of course, they had that, you know, that open door of opportunity because they're a somebody and you have to know somebody. But when it comes to how God relates to us and the offer of salvation, the gift of giving his son Jesus Christ, he didn't give his son Jesus for somebodies. He gave him for whoever's. Whoever's.  I'm a whoever. I'm not a who living in Whoville, but I am a whoever.  And the two key words there that are so significant are whosoever believes.  But the key is the whoever only works when you do the second part of that phrase, which is to believe. It's to believe. It's important that we believe, not just that we recognize that in this world, I'm maybe not a somebody, but I'm definitely a whoever. And I'm qualified for salvation because as Romans 10, 13 says, everyone who calls upon the name of the Lord shall be saved. That's me. I'm an everyone. I'm an anyone. God is able to take whoever, wherever, who's done whatever and give you life forever. He's just able to do that.  I've got good news for you.  God sends a savior to redeem whoever's. And that's you today. That's me. If we will only believe. You see in the world, it's good performance actually qualifies us for good things. But actually, it's the fact that we can't perform good enough that actually qualifies us for God's righteousness, for God's salvation. It's the very fact that you are broken, that you don't have it all together. That makes you a whoever. That's actually the reason why God sent Jesus. You are the one Jesus came for. Jesus didn't come for the ones who are well. He said the physician comes for the one who's sick. He didn't come for the one who had it all together. He came for the one whose life is a mess. He didn't come for the one that is celebrated in tabloids and all over celebrity magazines. He came for the one that is hidden. The one that was the one lamb that he left the 99 to come in pursuit of. There's good news in being a whoever. And I know that in my life, I've been a whoever. That anything that is good that has happened in my life has not been because I somehow qualified myself or deserved it. Anything that is good that has happened in my life is the result of God's grace because he saw me when nobody else saw me. When I was just a whoever, he was willing to send Jesus. Do you know that Jesus had all kinds of whoever's that approached him in his ministry? When you read Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, the four Gospels, you see a variety of people who were drawn to Jesus, who were whoever's just like you and I are whoever's to this day. You think about the list of people that approached Jesus. Jesus had the hopeless that approached him. People that were at the end who had no hope, who thought everything was lost. Think about the leper, the man who approached Jesus in Matthew chapter eight who had leprosy and you might think to yourself, well, why would a leper be hopeless? We need to realize that for a leper in Jesus's day. When you were diagnosed with leprosy, there was no cure for that. And it meant that you had to leave your family. You had to leave your children. You had to leave your job. You had to leave your community and you had to go live by yourself out in the wilderness.  Because you were ceremonially unclean. But when this man who had leprosy, who had lost all hope approached Jesus, he didn't leave the same way that he came. He came to Jesus unclean, but he encountered Jesus. He believed Jesus and he was made clean. He was a hopeless man who found hope in the Son of God. Jesus had religious experts that came to him. We know that, right? I mean Pharisees and Sadducees and scribes and theologians. They came to Jesus for a lot of different reasons. Some came out of curiosity. They were whoever's that came curious. But there were some of them that came because they were trying to catch Jesus, trying to debate with Jesus, trying to prove that he wasn't the Messiah. They came with wrong motives and they came with contempt in their heart for Jesus. And they wanted to debate theology. Debating doctrine and theology is fun at times, but don't debate theology with God. How many of you know that's a losing battle?  I wrote it. Thank you very much. Debate with the Jehovah's Witness who comes to the door or the Mormon is walking around with a badge and a 17-year-old elder. And debate with them or debate with the philosophical person who has a lot of questions. You can debate, that's fine. But you are going to lose the battle every single time when you debate with the living Word of God. And every time that they came with the wrong motives to approach Jesus, they all walked away with their tail tucked between their legs because Jesus put them in their place. Jesus said, I'll answer you when you answer me. And it's like, ah, I'm out. But do you know that Nicodemus was one of the religious leaders? And that's where we find in John 3, he came to Jesus in the middle of the night asking questions because he came with a hungry heart. He came with a desire to be right with God. What's interesting is that the religious leaders who approach Jesus, the legalistic, the self-righteous, they approach Jesus, they didn't know it, but they were one of the who-evers that Jesus came to save.  Arthur Wallace says, you can't offer a pardon to a man who's never been convicted of a crime. And the Pharisees and Sadducees thought they were righteous. And so when you approach a religious mindset in an attitude towards who Jesus is, if we approach Jesus with a religious mindset, we're approaching him with our own self-righteousness, if you don't leave your self-righteousness at the feet of Jesus, then you walk away with your own filthy rags. But what salvation is, and Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus were two of the religious leaders and many of the priests and many of the scribes, when they came to Jesus for a whosoever in need of Savior and they left their self-righteousness at Jesus' feet. So the list goes on. Jesus had the hopeless, excuse me. He had the religious experts. Jesus had sexually broken people that approached him. They were who-evers. Jesus had the rich young ruler approach him.  He had the three things the world tells us is the key to success. He had money, youth, and influence. Rich young ruler. And he came to Jesus with his pedigree and he says, I've been good. I went to Sunday school and I've kept all the laws of God. Am I saved? And Jesus said, you lack one thing.  Your problem is that you find your identity in those things and you think you're good enough by yourself. So I want you to empty everything that you believe is a description or a badge that defines your own identity. I want you to give it all away and I want you to come follow me and then you'll be made right with God. So he had the rich who came to him. He had criminals. Remember the thief on the cross who approached him.  Jesus had tax collectors. He had pagan soldiers and he had demoniacs who approached him. And you know what all of them had in common? Whether they were the Pharisee or the demoniac from Gadarenes or whether they were the Samaritan woman at Jacobswell who had been married five times, divorced five times and was living with a guy. They all had one thing in common. They were all whosoever's. They were all in the same classification that whoever believes in him, in Jesus, shall not perish but have everlasting life. They all, listen, they all approached Jesus as a whosoever who had the same common issue. They all had sin problems. They all had problems that they could not fix themselves. They had sin problems. Every one of us in this room have sin problems. How many in this room just by a show of hands have ever been tempted to do anything wrong? If you didn't raise your hand, you'd just sin your first time. Welcome. Welcome to the club of the messed up. I've heard it said, if you're breathing, you have issues. We all do. That's what makes us a whosoever. You see, religion tells us that if you want to be made right with God you have to build a ladder high enough, climb all the rungs and eventually you'll be face to face with God. You can make your way to heaven. But Christianity is different. Jesus is different than religion because what the gospel is, the story that we find in John 3.16 tells us that God knew that we could never save ourselves. And so instead he built a ladder but he climbed down it and he came to us. And he died on the cross in our place, took our penalty so that we could take his life. And that we could have the same life that he had always had, the same relationship that he had always had. That he had always had with God the Father. You see sin is powerful. Temptation is powerful. We've all experienced temptation. We've all sinned. I know sometimes we come to church and we think, wow, my problems are much worse than everybody else's. Maybe I'm not worthy to be in church. Can I just tell you, you have no idea the things that other people are facing. Sin is an equal opportunity destroyer. It's a cancer that we're all contaminated with.  We all struggle. We all are whosoever. We all need God's grace. But the good news this morning is this, that sin is not the most powerful force in the universe. Even though it lies to us and it tells us that it's stronger, that it's always gonna dominate us, that this is how things are always gonna be, that you can never be free, that this is just who you are, that there's never going to be any chance of change or transformation in your life. Sin is loud and obnoxious but it's not the most powerful force in the universe. The most powerful force in the universe is the power of the gospel of Jesus Christ. Romans chapter one verse 16, Paul says, I am not ashamed of the gospel because it is the power of God unto salvation. For the Jew first and then unto the Greek.  Sin is powerful but the gospel of Jesus Christ, God's grace is so much more powerful. You know the word gospel actually means good news. You can find the entirety of the gospel in John 3.16. God, love, gave, whosoever believes, eternal life, perish, there's the gospel. It's a narrative, it's a story that when we recognize our part in the story as a whosoever, it positions us for salvation. We say, you know what, I need to save your God. I need you to save me, forgive me, I can't save myself. And God says, I've already done it. When I sent Jesus, He was the way. He was the truth and He was the life. But you know, in our world today, there are a lot of false gospels, a lot of false narratives, stories that we live under and attach our lives to. And here's what I've come to find out.  So I'm just kind of living my truth. And your truth is different from my truth. If that's your truth, you go ahead and live your truth. But this is my truth. What they're really saying is that there are multiple different truths. What we're saying is that I've got my gospel that I've identified as the truth for me and I'm living out the implications of that gospel, that good news. Let me give you a few of the gospels that are permeating and pervasive in our culture today. There is, number one, there is the gospel of humanism. Here's what humanism says. It's the gospel of humanism. You're not gonna find a book that says the gospel of humanism, but it's the truth that a lot of people are living out of. The gospel of humanism says this, everything in this world came from nothing and by random chance, and you are at the center of your own universe. Save yourself from the concept of sin, lack of significance, or the need of salvation, and then you'll be happy. So there are a lot of people, atheists, agnostics, skeptics who say, you know what, I don't think any, there's any reason, there's any purpose for life. This is all that there is and I'm at the center of my own universe so whatever I've, I gotta get rid of all this religious legends and mythologies. If I could just get rid of that, then I would just be happy and that would be the best life. And there are people that live under that truth, that gospel, then there's the gospel of hedonism. And the gospel of hedonism says that salvation is actually found in doing whatever feels good to you. Extinguish your shame and your sense of right and wrong and extinguish your own conscience and just live for today. Hey, if it feels good, do it. If it makes you happy, that's cool. You know what, that's great if there's not a God who actually is the creator and we are part of his creation and as being creator, he actually put into place natural and spiritual laws by which everything is designed to flourish and live, of which we as part of his creation will one day give an account for the lives we lived in the middle of this world. If that's not true, then yeah, it's like, live it up, eat, drink, and be merry for tomorrow we die. Might as well have fun. He who wins with the most toys still dies. But there are a lot of people that live their lives out of this truth. And then the last one is more of a spiritual one. And there are a lot of people in our culture today that live out of this. It's called the gospel of universalism. And here's what that says. It says, yeah, there's a God, but there are many different paths to get to God and salvation happens when you choose your own pathway and your sincere and your intentions are right and you live a good quote, moral life, your sincerity, your intentions, and your best efforts. God will ultimately say, well done. So you just pick your path. You choose your path. And it doesn't matter if it's Buddhism, it doesn't matter if it's New Ageism, it doesn't matter whether it's Catholicism or whether it's being a Protestant, it doesn't matter if it's worshipping a dog, it doesn't matter whatever it is. You name it, if that's your path and you're sincere about it, that's all that God's looking for. Listen to me. Number one, all religions are not true and all religions are not the same. And if all religions, if there were many ways to get to God and to find salvation, then God is cruel because there was no need for Jesus to go to the cross. The fact that Jesus went to the cross was a fulfillment of Jesus' words in the garden when he said, if there's any other way, let this cup be removed for me. If universalism was true, God could have said to Jesus, you know what, they can kind of do a whole bunch of different options, so you're good, don't go to the cross. Jesus went to the cross because it was the only way and Jesus said it, I am the way, the truth, and the life.  They're radically different from one another and sincerity is awesome. I've got some great friends who are sincere believers in other religions. We're friends, we're actually friends. I have friends that are Hindu and they don't believe in Christianity and I've got friends who really don't even believe in God. They're kind of skeptical and agnostic. They're curious about me, and so we have some interesting conversations, but we can still be friends and they are radically sincere, but let me tell you something, sincerity doesn't save you. I can be sincere and ask you, hey, I wanna go to Chicago, how should I get there? And if I were to ask you how to get to Chicago, would you say, well, you know what, you can kind of go any way that you want to just really be sincere about it? No, you would say, well, what you do is you jump on 94 and you go south to 80 and you take that into Chicago and you gotta definitely go west. If you were to give me directions and I told you, well, you know what, that's really narrow-minded of you. Who are you to tell me that I have to go west if I wanna go to Chicago? I wanna go to Chicago, but I wanna go north. I'm gonna take 131 north. Well, that won't get you to Chicago. You bigot. That's not politically correct.  No, I love you. I'm trying to tell you you're going the wrong way. Well, I'm going north and you know what? I'm sincere and so my good intentions are gonna get me to Chicago eventually.  Sincerity doesn't get you where you wanna go. Jesus said I am the way, the truth, and the life. The power of salvation is found in the gospel of Jesus Christ alone. Recognizing we are whosoever and Jesus is the way, the truth, and the life. Whosoever. Well, okay, so we're all who-evers but do we believe in Jesus? Because that's what it says, whoever believes. You know right now if you were to do a poll Rasmus and Poll recently just came out across Americans and over 70% of Americans say they believe Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Numbers have actually dropped over the last few decades which I actually think is probably a more accurate reflection. Over 70% of Americans say that they believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. Over 60% believe that the Bible is the Word of God. But here's what's interesting to me is that we take polls like that and we say that we believe but do our lives really bear that out? Because you see, acknowledging something is not the same as believing something. It's not the same. We can say well I acknowledge the existence of Jesus, but that's not the same as actually believing Jesus that produces salvation. Belief, the word belief in the Bible is the same word for faith and it comes from the Greek word piste and what it means is to be fully convinced to be radically confident in something. When I just listed off humanism, hedonism and universalism here's what I say is our culture today when you look at people who live under these different gospels you can work your way backwards, you can look at their actions you can look at their time, you can look at their words, the relationships and you can do the math back and go oh I know what you believe. But can people do that with us based on what we say we believe about Jesus? A long time ago I was in another city and a guy came up to me street witnessing.  He said this is your life and I'm like oh I love this I wanted to see if he had the goods I was like oh so what do you believe and he says I believe that Jesus died on the cross and he rose again and he's coming again and that you're either saved or you're lost and I mean bullet points he was going out pretty good he's like what do you believe I said well I'm a Christian he says how do you know I said well I'm a pastor he goes that doesn't matter I go oh gold star and I explained to him why I believe that was a Christian he said this he said let me ask you a question he said if you were put on trial for being a Christian would there be enough evidence for you to be found guilty in your life could they look could a prosecuting attorney look at your life look at your bank records look at your conversations look at your relationships look at what you invest your time and look at the decisions that you make is there enough evidence in your life that if they did the math it would lead back to going oh yeah this person's a Christian I was like ooh that's really good I'm stealing that think about that see because we can say that we believe something but sometimes it's just we're merely acknowledging something oh yeah Jesus it's Christmas time I know I got that but yet live like a practical agnostic like live throughout our lives as if Jesus really didn't come as if Jesus really wasn't the Son of God as if Jesus really didn't rise from the dead that's why I get wound up guys it's like when I'm when we're talking about things like Jesus and the resurrection and the power and the second coming that's not like golf clap material that's not like oh yeah that's now this is like he is coming I mean it's shocking that God became a child in the Middle East to a 14-year-old Middle Eastern woman and it was God and fully man in the flesh and he grew up as the Son of God this stuff should blow our minds and listen it should alter our lives it should alter our lives it should change the way that we believe see if all we do is mentally ascend to something and yet it hasn't sunk into fully convince us 18 inches can actually determine your eternity the difference between here and here our life the the ramifications of who Jesus is and what the Bible says he taught and what he did should radically reorder our lives it's like if that's true then all bets are off you see it's not enough to say that Jesus was just a good moral teacher that's what a lot of people say Bessias Lewis said like this he said a man who was merely a man and said the sort of things that Jesus said would not be a great moral teacher he would either be a lunatic on the level with a man who says he's a poached egg or he would be the devil of hell he's either a liar a lunatic or Jesus is who he said he was Lord what do we believe because when we come to the issue of belief sometimes it's an issue of mentally just saying okay I acknowledge that but I'm not really sure the implications of that real belief changes us but here's what we typically do a lot of times this happens where when we are confronted with the message of God's soul of the world that he gave has only gotten a son and we realize we're a whosoever and we're being presented with the gospel here's a lot of times the response that we have to Jesus in the gospel number one is someone to dismiss Jesus because if you can dismiss Jesus you don't have to acknowledge and alter the course of your life based on who Jesus claimed he was and so we want to dismiss Jesus that's why magazine covers like this are published on a pretty regular basis where we're in a search for the real Jesus Jesus the son of God but maybe he was just a good carpenter a good moral teacher listen like C.S. Lewis said this was just a good man and everybody else got it wrong the things that Jesus said made him crazy like when you eat my flesh and drink my blood you have no part with me before Abraham was I am destroy this temple and three days later I'll raise it back up again those are he somebody asked him are you the Messiah he said I am are you God I am those are radical statements but a lot of people in our society today listen even right now want to dismiss Jesus Jesus was a good man Jesus was a good moral teacher he was a prophet but if we dismiss Jesus we'll miss Jesus someone to dismiss him here's the one that's probably more common you ready we want to customize Jesus right now you can order some really sweet Air Force One Nikes on Amazon and you can go on there and you can actually customize them the color of the stripe, the color of the leather you can have names embroidered on them it's I mean incredible perfect Christmas present if you're looking for one by the way I wear size 12 but you can customize all kinds of things we live in a culture of customization you want to go and order a couch pick out your fabric what kind of filling do you want the down filling or the super deluxe filling or the memory foam filling do you want wood legs you can get all kinds of things you go and buy a car all the options when I grew up there was only one option for a car it was the only one we could afford had roll up windows no air conditioning and vinyl seats and in the summer you stuck to the seats anybody remember that we had 260 air conditioning two windows at 60 miles an hour that was your air conditioning now everybody customize like oh I need satellite navigation DVDs I need to have a refrigerator I need to have not only heated seats but cooling seats I need to have you can customize your car but listen all that's great just don't customize Jesus because what happens when we customize Jesus in our post-modern secretistic culture is we take parts away from Jesus and if you take parts away from Jesus that you are uncomfortable with in order to customize Jesus to fit your life then you'll miss parts of Jesus and if you add things to Jesus to make him more like the Jesus you want him to be you'll end up with a different Jesus beware when Jesus agrees with you all the time see when we customize Jesus we might end up with a hipster Jesus because we want to cool Jesus Jesus who agrees with our politics Jesus who listens to the same music Jesus that gets mad at the same people Jesus who only certain parts of the narrative of what Jesus taught really applies to us and Jesus agrees with us on the other things Jesus is my homeboy see what we want to do is we want to customize Jesus and in customizing our Jesus we might actually end up with unfortunately an Americanized Jesus can you put the might end up with a blonde blue eyed Jesus because he's like us but I don't say that Jesus loved America although he does God so loved the do you know that Jesus had dark skin do you know that Jesus was Jewish and he was part of a minority that lived in a country that was under military occupation and oppression do you know that Jesus was an immigrant do you know that Jesus had to run for his life to another nation wait a second now hey you're messing with my no I'm messing with your American Jesus just don't customize them that's what I'm saying let Jesus be Jesus and stand back and let the chips fall where they may I don't care what the gospels say they are true every single time I don't get to do like Thomas Jefferson doesn't go through the gospels and say I don't like that part and cut it out so that what you're left with is the Jeffersonian gospels where Jesus says the things that you like and you remove the things that you don't like you want to know what believing in Jesus is it means taking him lock, stock and barrel which leads us to number three some of us want to domesticate Jesus we don't want Jesus free and wild we want Jesus meek and mild we want Jesus who's just nice and sweet not the Jesus that's confrontational and turns over tables when we think of Jesus turning over tables sometimes thinking about Jesus turning somebody else's tables over what happens when Jesus comes into your house is there any tables he might want to turn over how about in your life any tables that maybe Jesus wants to turn over Jesus doesn't turn over tables in a fit of rage Jesus turns over tables because of his passion and his zeal for the house and when God confronts and corrects and convicts in our life he's not doing it because he's mad and angry he doesn't set things in order because he's zealous for you because he wants to save you from yourself how do we respond to the gospel when we recognize we're a whosoever we don't dismiss Jesus we don't customize Jesus we don't domesticate Jesus what do we do with Jesus you ready believe believe Jesus tis so sweet to trust in Jesus just to take him at his word just to hear I messed up the words just to hear the says the Lord Jesus Jesus how how Jesus Jesus well done oh for to trust him believe Jesus come on let's stand up would you stand up with me father today would you help us to believe you would you help us to trust you would you help us to push back the storms of our greatest fears and would you help us to cast off and to shake off all the impediments all the lies all of our biases prejudices all the things where we try and self-justify ourselves and just simply come as a whoever and say Jesus gift of God I believe I believe I'm a whoever I can't fix myself but I believe in you I can have eternal life in you everything can be different I shall not perish but I will have everlasting life in both rooms I just want to ask you to keep your eyes closed for just a moment today you may be here and you've tried you've tried going to church that wasn't enough you've prayed a prayer that wasn't enough try to improve yourself but things remain the same and you wondered is there anything that can bring peace you know my heart is there anything can remove the burden and the weight and the shame of the things I've done and the way I'm living is there anything that can assure me that I'm right with God today I want you to hear me his name is Jesus and I'm not talking about joining a church I'm not talking about signing a piece of paper I'm talking about you acknowledging that he is the way the truth and the life and inviting him to come into your heart when he comes in he makes everything new he brings peace he brings life he brings hope and he brings assurance that we are the children of God today if you're not right with God today if you're in this room and you feel so far away I want you to know that today he stepped into this room for you and it's a gift that he just is hoping that you will receive you don't earn it you just receive it today all over this room with no one looking around if you're here and you say Pastor Lee today I know that I need to get my life right with God today I need that gift of God's salvation today I believe in Jesus I don't know how to do it all but today I believe and today I want to receive this gift I want to make Jesus the Lord of my life I want a new beginning pray for me and include me in this prayer we're going to pray I want to include you in this prayer but all over this room and at Portage if that's you right now I want you to just lift up your hand pray for me include me in this prayer today I'm ready to come home and get right with God thank you thank you come on I see that hand yes yes yes who else yes I see that hand God bless you down here yes young man I see that young lady all the way in the back sir I see your hand just keep it up all over the room many God's moving in our midst hands all over the room this is your moment come home receive the gift of salvation today you can put your hands down thank you so much I want everyone in this room I want everyone at Portage to say this prayer with me out loud as a confession to the Lord say heavenly Father I come in Jesus name and today I believe that Jesus is the Son of God that he died on the cross to pay for my sins that he rose from the dead to give me eternal life if I would believe and today I believe Jesus come into my heart sit on the throne rule and reign just as you are from this day forward I turn my back on my past I turn my back on all other Gospels and I choose to live for Jesus as a child of God I have a hope and I have a future thank you for loving me God and sending Jesus to this whosoever in Jesus name amen and amen come on somebody you just prayed that prayer you just translated out of darkness and into light


In this video, I'm going to discuss how we can calculate the primary voltage to the secondary voltage or vice versa. Now, before we get into that, we just need to quickly discuss that and remember that the primary is what is connected to the source of voltage and the secondary is what is connected to the load. I bring that up because oftentimes when we do examples, they're step down transformers where we've got a higher voltage going to a lower voltage. But that's not always the case. Sometimes you can actually have a lower voltage going to a higher voltage. So I just wanted to bring that to your attention. So let's get started here. We have a transformer. Again, it's going to be a step down transformer in this example. The way we can tell that is we have 600 turns on the primary and we have 120 turns on the secondary. So what we need to do is figure out what our turns ratio is. And the easiest way to do that is just take the higher number and divide it by the lower number. Always the higher number divided by the lower number. It doesn't matter if it's step up or step down. Say that this was the source of voltage. If I still had 120 turns to 600 turn transformer being a step up transformer, I would still go 600 divided by 120 to get what is called my turns ratio. So my turns ratio in this case, 600 divided by 120 will get me turns ratio of 5 to 1. So again, just 600 divided by 120 gets me turns ratio of 5 to 1. So now let's give ourselves a primary voltage and see what happens to our secondary voltage. Now that I've given myself 1,200 volts, I can take 1,200 volts and divide that by 5 to get my secondary voltage. Now before we get into how to use a turns ratio for voltage, I'm going to go over another method that some like to use. And it's the volts per turn method. Now you see here that I've got 1,200 volts and I have 600 turns. That means that I have, if I go 1,200 divided by 600, I have 2 volts per turn. For every turn on the primary winding, I have 2 volts and pressed across it. Now, what the nice thing about it is with transformers is whatever my volts per turn are on my primary side will also be the volts per turn on the secondary side because they're sharing the same magnetic circuit. The lines of inductance are being cut over on this side. And so we're getting the same volts per turn on the secondary side. So 2 volts per turn that we used to calculate it off the primary, 2 volts per turn times 120 turns will give me my secondary voltage. Which is 240 volts. So that's the volts per turn method. Now myself, I find that can get a little confusing because we won't always be given the turns. So we'll generally be given voltage or current or VA or all of those. So using the volts per turn method might not always work for us. So that's where we come into the turns ratio using this five to one ratio. Again, I start with 1,200 volts and I'm going to divide that by five and that will get me my secondary voltage. Which works out to be the same as what we did when we worked out the volts per turn, 240 volts. So again, you take your turns, 600 divided by 120 to get five to one, 1200 divided by five gets me 240. If I wanted to work backwards, say I didn't have this but I knew this was 240, I would go 240 times five to get 1200 volts. Practically, when you're dealing with transformers is you won't be given the number of turns. You can still use what's called the turns ratio though because we can still go 1200 volts divided by 240 volts gets us our turns ratio of five to one. And that becomes important when we're trying to deal with other calculations such as trying to figure out what the current is. Which we'll cover in another video.


I'm Tim Smith and I'm a part of the class of 2019 with a degree in animal science and a minor in Parks, Recreation and Tourism. And this is why you should choose UVM. My first visit was actually, if I'm being honest, when my older sister toured the school. By the end of the tour, I remember thinking I was like, I'm going to apply here. I wish you all could be here today on campus because I would want to show you all of the things happening. Like, it's never slows down. It's the kind of campus where the first day that hits 50 degrees, you can't see the grass. Because everyone is outside studying, having their classes, like playing frisbee, whatever. You know, it's the kind of place that I remember like, I'd be walking to go get a sandwich for lunch. And I'd bump into someone. I'd be like, what are you up to?  There was just like, always stuff going on. Yeah, it's hard to like, see that through a computer screenplay. It's amazing when you can see everyone just getting after it and whatever they're interested in. What kind of people end up going to UEM? I think people aren't really here to check a box.  They were here because they wanted to do what they were doing. Whether that was to learn about the ski industry or, you know, to come up with the next vaccine. People are just really interested in what they're doing. They put a lot of thought into like, oh, does my degree say UVM versus another school? And is that school more prestigious or not? I felt confident. I was like, I came away with skills I believe I need to pursue what I want. That's happened. I felt ready to enter the world. I'd say if you're making a decision right now, you've got all the acceptance letters in your hand and you're figuring out what are you going to do. This is your choice. You know, I can't make it for you. Your parents can't make it for you. It might be the first choice in your life that is really yours. And so I know this is hard to do, but we need to think about what do I want out of this experience and what place can give me that. I was able to do that and UVM was at school for me and it was incredible. And so I hope you figure that out and it's going to be scary no matter what. I wish you the best of luck. But this is your decision.