Audra, bryd dear, yn nghwm i'ch gael y cail, rwy'n creu llwyddoch. Y final ydych chi'n ystafell yn gweithio, mae yn dweud yn y gwrthwynt 1.1.1929 yn y name o Buttyn Gafael pan ddysgu y Maeg i'w queilau i Peshawarr. Ystafell wedi gweld gennymau i wrth gwrs i ddweud, i'n gweld i'n creu llwyddoch i'r dweud i ddweud, i'n creu'r ddweud i'r ddweud i'r ddweud i brwynton gyda. A calling Angela Malick. to open the debate, 7 minutes please. Thank you and good afternoon, doctors. The terrorist attacks, like thebuzine in Talokiebydparisand the massacre in the alley Peshawar, Pakistan on 18 December 2014. is a stark reminder of reality that the world is in conflict today. the Peshawar school massacre is a horror story that drives home a powerful image of what the people of Pakistan at facing a daily based. In a country that is sadly used to bad news, the deaths of 141 people including 130 children were shocking and disastrous. The events in Peshawar brought home the stark brutality of this conflict. There is no apparent strategy or political aim behind the attack apart from spreading terror. This was terrorism in its purest form. The Taliban wanted to show that they could and would attack anybody, anytime, anywhere. However, this very personal attack act of terror with gunmen going from classroom to classroom shooting children at point blank range has brought about a very strong response from within Pakistan itself. The country's civilian and military leaders are now standing side by side for the first time to work to frame a model and clear country's anti-terrorist strategy. It is at this watershed moment that Pakistan needs international support and understanding more than any other time. Since the attacks on the Twin Towers in September 11, 2001, that marked a turning point in the way terrorism and Muslims have been viewed. It is important to remember that terrorism harms people all over the world, not just in the West. In Pakistan, over the past 13 years, more than 70,000 people have lost their lives due to terrorism. The economy damaged to the country is estimated at more than $80 billion. This is a price Pakistan simply cannot afford to pay. For things to change, we have to consider the link between poverty and literacy and the terror threat that Pakistan-Taliban pose. The word Taliban simply means student. Poor people send their boys to madrasas or religious schools as it is sometimes the only means in which they can get a formal education of any sort. Overtime, these schools have become the recruiting ground for terrorist organizations who prey on poor, disadvantaged young people who have little hope of finding any employment. Hence, Pakistan's huge energy shortage has resulted in hurting the industry, increasing unemployment and creating more unrest. Factories without power have closed down, laying off workers who would normally provide for their families and help the country's economy. I am sure that many of us here are aware of the close historical links with Pakistan going back to the days of the British Empire when soldiers from the region fought with us in the First and Second World Wars. Pakistan was created in 1947 with many of the country's institutions such as education and the judiciary still modeled on the British system. Today, relations between Pakistan and Scotland have developed. With Pakistan, diaspora is making an important contribution to the economy of Scotland. Scottish organisations also enjoy twinning with Pakistan, such as schools, colleges, universities, children hospitals and cities like Lahore and Glasgow. So, when there is trouble in Pakistan, it troubles our hearts in our Scottish communities as well. Whether we have lost family, friends or relatives, it is at times like this that relations between Scotland and Pakistan should be the great source of strength. The work Gordon Brown has undertaken in supporting literacy in Pakistan as the United Nations Special Envoy for Global Education has and will continue to have a huge impact on the country for generations to come. The British Council is also reopening its libraries in July in this year, hopefully, in order to win hearts and minds and help deal with the challenge of illiteracy in Pakistan. We in Scotland should look at the Pakistan country plan to see how we can play our part in bringing prosperity to our friends in Pakistan and explore the possibility of working together as we have done, try to do so historically. So, Presiding Officer, I also believe we need to remember all those around the world who have lost loved ones through terrorist attacks, direct or indirect. We must be united to stand firm against these acts, support one another and fight this cancer, particularly in countries like Pakistan, who can't do it alone, and we know that. We need to show Pakistan is no longer alone and its allies and its two friends have rallied ground in supporting the government and the people of Pakistan. Never abandon allies, it is essential that people of Pakistan realise they have friends in Scotland and they will stand shoulder to shoulder with them in good times and bad. And I pray to God that that will continue to do so. We will continue to do so and have every opportunity to deliver those types of promises. Presiding Officer, Lahore and Glasgow in particular have a very warm and a very deep understanding and a very working good relationship. We have had many exchanges through the years. The twinning has played a very important role in being able to identify friends that we can work together. Every time we have had any issues in Scotland, our friends in Lahore have always sent us their sympathies and their support, and I thought it only appropriate that we do the same. I hope that the people in Pakistan will appreciate the fact that the Scottish Government and the Parliament have gone its way to openly declare its support for them. Many thanks. We now turn to the open debate speeches of around four minutes, and I call Kenny MacAskill, who will be followed by Joanne Lamont. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. First of all, I'll put on record my thanks to Hanzala Malik for bringing you this debate. I think it's not simply the fact that he's brought it, but it's the tenor and indeed the content of what he said that is highly impressive. It is right that we should record the tragedy and give our sympathies. Scotland as a country has been scarred by our own terrorist incident, if we could call it that at Dunblane. It certainly wasn't on a scale, but the pain and suffering that was felt by all. It's not simply those in Peshawar and in Pakistan who have suffered as a result of this. Clearly, the heartache is greatest for those who are there, for the Pakistani community in Scotland that's an integral part of our country, but this is in fact a crime against humanity. To wantonly slaughter youngsters, to do so for your own perverse prejudice reasons is something that we all have to stand up for as a human race and condemn outwith. So, as I say, I'm grateful to Hanzala Malik for giving the Scottish Parliament the opportunity to record its sadness, but also to support him in terms of looking for what we can do for the solution. Obviously, we have this debate in the backdrop of the wanting slaughter that also took place in Pakistan and in Paris. It's appropriate that we should record and understand that terrorism is not a Western European phenomenon. Sometimes if you were to watch the television or read the papers you would think that the only people who suffer terrorism are those of us in the Western world. The tragedies that have afflicted and affected, whether it's Madrid or London, New York or sadly Paris, and yet the statistics that Hanzala commented on are quite clear. Whatever we have suffered in those tragedies have to be condemned outright, but there was a Pew Centre report just recently. The five countries that have suffered most from terrorism were Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria and Syria. And yet, if you were to ask people in Scotland and the UK, they would probably say that it's those countries that the terrorists come from, not that it's those countries where terror is suffered most. So it's important that we raise awareness to realise that the solution to terrorism is to tackle it globally, that it's not simply to say those in Western European and indeed Western democracies who suffer, those people suffer more. Equally, I think it's important that we make it quite clear that terrorism needs to be condemned wherever and by whomsoever it is carried out. It is important that we condemn the actions carried out in Paris, but equally we condemn it in Pakistan. It's important that we condemn it in Madrid, but it's equally important that we condemn it in Gaza. And yes, it's right that we should condemn the Taliban and we should speak out against Al Qaeda. But whether it says really actions in Gaza or whether it's drone use by the United States in Pakistan, children grieve the same, their tears in the blood that is shed is equal whether it's in the Western world or in the third world. And the points made by Hamzala are also important. If we were to give Pakistan support and education, literacy and health, it would be so much more than the suffering that is inflicted upon them because of the actions for the West, because as well as suffering most as a consequence of terrorism in terms of the victims. Pakistan, I also note from Pew Centre research, is a country that has most refugees in it because of what is happening in Afghanistan and elsewhere. So what we need to do is to condemn terrorism wherever it is, to provide support to the Pakistani Government and taking actions unequally to make sure that actions taken by the West are productive, not counterproductive. They support and enhance the Government, do not undermine them, do not damage their security and that means we need to give support and education, literacy and health and make sure that we don't cause collateral damage through bombs, drone attacks or whatever else. But I fully support Hamzala Malik, put on record my and I believe the whole condemnation of the people of Scotland. Terrorism is a global phenomenon and he needs addressed by us as an entire humanity. Thank you very much. I now call Joanne Lamont to be followed by Joanne Lamont. Thank you very much, Deputy Presiding Officer. Can I in opening congratulate Hamzala Malik on securing this debate and recognise that it has secured cross-party support and particularly commendum in the way in which he expressed the arguments that he did in moving the motion? I think it is an important opportunity for us to express our sympathies and condolences to those who are suffering in Peshawar. But also to recognise that this tragedy has touched families in my constituency, across Glasgow and throughout Scotland. And while the headlines will move on, their grief will continue to affect them for many years to come. It is important that we do all that we can to support them as they deal with this tragedy. It is an important opportunity to express solidarity. It is important that we do express solidarity in the face of this brutality. To show unity against all those who use terror to pursue their own goals. Who use terror to show how strong they are. Who use terror to strike fear in their communities. And how horrific it is that in particularly we see them targeting children, recognising as they do that there is an opportunity for them to reinforce and amplify their brutality, their willingness to do almost anything in their goal. And how in the face of that, how communities must shrink back at what may be possible still. Of course, in attacking a school, it is also clear that the Taliban see education as a particular target. We would recognise the power of education to liberate people from poverty and to create greater equality across our world, particularly for girls and for those who are vulnerable and deprived. For groups such as the Taliban, education becomes a legitimate target because education is the way in which our world can take on those who seek to terrorise us. We know that education gives the world hope and it is therefore no surprise that the Taliban and others like them see it as a legitimate target. It is no surprise that the Taliban targeted Malala Yusafsa representing in her articulate perseverance in the face of unbearable threats, the courage that all too many need to secure education for the poorest and most vulnerable. We should stand in awe of her and all of those who face that threat with amazing courage. We recognise the work of her global campaign for education and the United Nations Global Education First initiative, recognising as they do that it will be through education that we can best take on those who seek not to liberate but to terrorise. We know, of course, not just in Peshawar, but we live in frightening times. It feels to me as if the world is holding its breath as we see terror and fear and tragedy around us. In the face of that horror, the danger is that our world is paralysed. We think that there is nothing that we can do to take on those who will do anything to secure their goals. Yesterday, on our televisions, we saw young people and their teachers return to school in Peshawar. We saw the continuing grief of the parents of the teachers and school pupils who saw things that no one ought to see, who are suffering things that no one ought to suffer. As one commentator said, in a country where fear stocks every aspect of public life, something as simple as going to school has now become an act of bravery. We salute that courage and should in expressing our solidarity and support for all those who are suffering here and abroad, commit ourselves to do all that we can to match that bravery with our determination to resist those who would use brutality and violence to secure their ends. The power of education, solidarity, commitment and courage can take on those forces and I believe that we can play our small part in recognising all of those across the world who in the face of brutality take courage and stand up for what is right and resist those who want to deny them the freedom and opportunity that they deserve. In standing in solidarity with those across our communities, we recognise the scale of the challenge but it also, I believe, gives us great hope for the future. Thank you very much and I now call John Lamont to be followed by Malcolm Chisholm. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I also thank Pansala Malik for securing time for this important member's debate and the way in which she addressed this important issue during his opening remarks. As the doors to the Army, Public School and Petrol are opened for the first time in Mondays to students following the barbaric Taliban attack in December last year, I joined members in denouncing the depraved violence that sensibly killed scores of schoolchildren and teachers. Our thoughts are with the victims, their families and the loved ones as they struggle to come to terms with the loss on an unimaginable scale. The barbarity of this attack is unfavable, not only because the Pakistani Taliban targeted innocents but because they attacked a school. Sadly, it is but one of many in northern Pakistan to have been targeted by the Taliban forces over recent years. According to Human Rights Watch between 2009 and 2012, there were at least 838 attacks on schools in Pakistan. Schools are accused by the Taliban of promoting Western decadence and un-Islamic teachings, but they are also seen as soft targets. This is the height of coerence. I applaud those brave students and staff in Peshawar who have this week defiantly returned to the scene of unspeakable brutality. As UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said following the attack, going to school should not have to be an act of bravery. The international crisis group reports that the education of hundreds of thousands has been disrupted after their families fled militant violence in Pakistan while more than 9 million children are not currently receiving a primary or secondary education. Every child must have the right to go to school and every child on every continent should feel safe in their schools. On the same day as the attack on the army public school, 40 countries and 10 international organisations convened in Geneva to unveil the guidelines for protecting schools and universities from military use during armed conflict. Those guidelines underline existing rules for international humanitarian law to promote better understanding and implementation of the Geneva conventions. This is a step in the right direction, but to have a real and enduring impact, we must target the root cause of the issue, and that is the scrooge of violent extremism. Extremism has dominated the headlines of recent days, weeks and months, and events in France provide a stark reminder that this is a global concern. From Peshwar to Paris and from the towns and villages in north-east Nigeria to the central business district of Sydney and Parliament Hill in Ottawa, the cancer of violent extremism exists everywhere. Let us not forget that Nigeria, a country that has been set by violence at the hands of Baku Harmaram, which we should remind ourselves translates as Western or non-Islamic education as a sin, endured a massacre last week with a death toll nearing 2,000. Shockingly, four days ago a little girl of about 10 years old detonated explosives hidden under her veil killing almost 20 people. Catholic Archbishop of Joss has urged the west not to overlook the crisis in Nigeria, and we must act to combat violent extremism both at home and abroad. The global problem requires a global response, and I welcome the announcement from Washington that the White House will host the delayed summit on countering violent extremism next month. Closer to home, the UK Government is working hard to combat extremism with the prevent strategy, which supports community-based campaigns to rebut terrorism and extremism propaganda. The UK Government is also working closely with its international partners to combat the deadly threat of violent extremism posed by ISIL, Al Qaeda, the Taliban and other networks, and this collaborative approach is the key. We will struggle to understand why almost 150 children and teachers lost their lives in an act of total depravity. As we come to terms with the loss of 17 victims following the attacks in Paris last week, it seems opposite to end with the words of Malala Yusofi, the 16-year-old Nobel Prize winner who addressed the UN in 2003 with the somewhat pertinent words, let us pick up our books and pens, they are our most powerful weapons. I now call Malcolm Chisholm to be followed by Sandra White. I would like to congratulate Angela Malick for bringing forth this motion and offering us the important opportunity to express support, condolence and solidarity with the people of Pakistan, particularly those directly affected by this tragedy. I also acknowledge and recognise the particular impact that it has had on the Pakistani community here in Scotland. The Peshawar massacre rightly and understandably sent ribbles of horror through the international community because no act of terrorism can be more horrific than the massacre of innocent children.  In spite of that, however, I am sure that we were all delighted to see on our televisions this week that the school has reopened. Of course, there is a need for the school perhaps to be like a high security unit at present, but if that is what has to be done in order to reassert the importance of education for all the reasons that Johann Lamont outlined, then of course those are the conditions in which those children must learn. The tragedy, of course, is one of a number of tragedies around the world where children have been targeted for purposes of both recruitment and intimidation and cowardly attacks on the most innocent. This has rightly galvanised leaders to speak out in defence of the right to learn and teach without fear, most notably the campaigner Malala Yousafzai, whose spirit and determination have been an inspiration to millions. A campaign for the promotion and protection of children's rights by the online petition site Avaz had by Monday 1,176,043 signatures. It recognises that Governments across the world have made a commitment to ensure that all children have access to education by the end of 2015. It calls for us all to join the campaign to honour the memory of the children of Peshawar, and it will be delivered by Gordon Brown, UN special envoy on education to the Prime Minister of Pakistan and others. In his role as ambassador, Gordon Brown has of course been vocal in his outright condemnation of the targeting of young people. In an article following Peshawar, he states, in my role as UN special envoy on global education, I have seen how schools are increasingly used as theatres of war. Afghanistan, Colombia, Pakistan, Somalia, Sudan and Syria have each experienced a thousand or more attacks on their schools and universities since 2009. In total, 9,600 have come under assault. The list is heartbreaking. Only yesterday, as children died in Peshawar, 15 boys and girls were blown up on a school bus in Yemen. That's the end of the Gordon Brown quote. He also then went on to describe, however, the SAFE schools initiative that was launched in 2014 to help to improve the situation for students in Nigeria, where, of course, Boko Haram has wrecked havoc and not just by kidnapping school children, as we all know, but also by shooting nearly 200 teachers and hundreds of pupils. It is very important that we recognise, as Kenny MacAskill and others have reminded us, that terrorism is an international phenomenon. We quite rightly, last week, stood shoulder to shoulder with the people of France in condemning the terrorism that they had endured, but we must never forget that this is an international phenomenon. We have to show solidarity with all the countries and all the communities that are the victims of terrorism. Although we are never able to say that one act of terrorism is worse than another, we can surely not think of any more terrible act of terrorism than the slaying of innocent children in their schools. I thank and congratulate Hansa Lymallock once again for bringing forward this important motion. It is certainly very important today that we express condolences and solidarity with all the people affected. Before I call Sandra White, I can inform the chamber that, due to the number of members still wishing to speak in the debate, I am minded to accept a motion from Hansa Lymallock under rule 8.14.3 that the debate be extended by up to 30 minutes so that I can accommodate all of the members. Many thanks. I put that to the chamber. Is that agreed? It is. Thank you very much. I now call Sandra White to be followed by Anne McTackett. I thank Hansa Lymallock very much indeed for securing this debate and for acknowledging the work that Hansa Lymallock does within the community in Glasgow and his links with Pakistan and the work that he did to link Glasgow City Council with areas in Pakistan. It is an absolutely terrible situation, which did not just happen in Pakistan but the on-going terror that is going on in Pakistan and throughout the world. Speaking in this debate, I pay tribute to the many people in Pakistan and in Scotland who supported the people who are suffering and did suffer through this horrific attack. 132 children and nine teachers were killed and 125 were wounded. We do not know how many of them have died since then. It is a truly horrifying act. Within the community there, and I know that Hansa Lymallock knows Jahinga, who was a fellow councillor of Anne and Hansa Lymallock, a SNP councillor from the south side in Glasgow who lost two nephews in this horrific attack. It could have been three, I believe, but only one was often didn't attend school that day. Our thoughts and prayers certainly went out to himself and his family and the graciousness of the people of Glasgow and the Pakistani community in supporting Jahinga and his trek through over to Pakistan and the condolences that he received. I know that if he was here, he would want to say a great big thank you to everyone who contacted him with the thoughts of condolences also. Many members have mentioned the fact that the SNP was talking about the horrific attack in Pakistan. Terrorism knows no bounds. The most cowardly thing is attacking children. We have heard about the various areas, but I think that for me, the moment I think that Malcolm Chisholm mentioned this, is Boko Haram, who, while we hear of some acts, are absolutely horrific. They took the young girls from the villages to force marriage them with their so-called soldiers. We have had no word back yet where these young girls are. We don't know what's happened to them in that respect. I think that it's incumbent on me in the west who seem to be able to go into these countries on other aspects. We can't seem to go into these countries and find these young girls. The recent attack is that they've wiped out a whole village with thousands and thousands of people killed. For us to sit and watch this on the TV, it's absolutely horrific. Can you imagine, if you live within that area, how horrifying it must be for you to go up in the morning and you don't know what's going to happen? I thank Kenny MacAskill for mentioning Gaza, because horrific issues have happened, as we know, in Gaza also, and in Syria and Lebanon. It's incumbent on us in the west who have methods at our fingertips to be able to broker, I would hope, some form of peace or some talk round the table to stop these horrific issues happening and continue to happen throughout the world. I thank Gonzalo Malik for bringing this forward here today. It is a very personal issue. I know for Gonzalo, but he has been able to open up a good discussion here in this Parliament. I would just hope that we in this Parliament can move further to try to stop the horrific acts of terrorism wherever they happen in the world. I thank my colleague Gonzalo Malik for securing this important member's debate this evening. We have all been shocked by the barbaric actions of the Taliban and Peshwara. In my region of Glasgow, there are many Pakistani residents and I would like to express my deepest sympathies to victims, their families and anyone affected by this terrorist attack. This terrible tragedy demonstrated that children in Pakistan are not safe even when they are in school. According to UNICEF UK, a child dies from violence every five minutes somewhere around the world. We need to make effort to end the violence against children, not only in Pakistan but across the world. However, we need to enhance stability in Pakistan following this tragedy. In the long run, education provides one of the best assurances of stability. The education system in Pakistan, however, is unequal, with more boys than girls getting the opportunity to go to school. In total, 6,807 students have been produced by Pakistani universities in 2010. Over 76 per cent of those were male and only 24 per cent were female. Out of 1,068 of the overseas scholarship awarded, 926 were received by male and only 142 were received by women. Therefore, I was delighted with the announcement made in October 2013 by the Scottish Government that £300,000 were awarded for a two-year master scholarship scheme, which is to help around 30 to 40 young Pakistani women from disadvantaged backgrounds to go to university. Those scholarships will immensely help women with fees and travel expenses in order to assist them in finishing their degrees. I thank the minister, Humza Yousaf, for all the work that I know he has done to make this happen. Like in many other parliaments, the gender representation in the Pakistani houses of parliaments is still unequal, with a high majority of male representatives, even though there is a quota guaranteed by the constitution to reserve certain seats for females. Out of 323 seats in the lower house of the Parliament, 60 are reserved for women. However, there are currently only 67, which is 20.7 per cent female members. In the Pakistan Senate, the upper house of Parliament, with only 17 women senators, 16.3 per cent out of 104 seats. As a chair of the subgroup in the cross-party group in the Middle East and South Asia on women's issues, I believe that it is vital to establish comprehensive education and mentoring programmes that will help millions of Pakistani women to unlock their full potential. Although progress has been made on the advancement of women into the political sphere largely due to the efforts of women activists, I would like to see more women representation in the Pakistani houses of Parliament in the near future. In conclusion, I hope that my colleagues here in the chamber will agree with me that we need to end violence against innocent children. It is also vital that we support the people of Pakistan in these difficult times, provide aid to improve education and that we continue to work together internationally to counter terrorism. I thank you for letting me take part in this debate at such a late stage. We have all lost people at some stage in our lives, but there is hardly anything that you could think would be less bearable than to lose some day in the circumstances such as the parents, families, friends and relatives must have done of those children. Terrorism is becoming fairly commonplace. We see it in the television every day, but it does not really make a connection with us in many cases unless, I think, it has one of two aspects to it, where it specifically does. One is if it is close to you and one if it involves children. In my case, and certainly in others in this chamber, it is a combination of both. Maybe it is just a grandfather, but the whole thing about children being attacked in such a way, in such a cold-blooded way, is completely beyond my comprehension. Also, the fact is that, as Sandra White has already said, a good friend of mine has had lost some day in such an attack and that is just unbearable. I hate to think how Jahangir and his family are feeling just now. We do have to remember that it is not just in Peshwar. As others have said, and very eloquently it has been a very good debate, that these attacks have been happening all over the world. When this happened, the first thing that reminded me of was the best land massacre in Chechnya, the very same kind of principle where it was about targeting children, the most vulnerable in our society, to make some obscure political point. If you have to go to those lengths to make your political point, your political point is clearly not worth making in the first place. I do not know what Jahangir will be like. He comes back this weekend, I believe, and unfortunately very few of us have had the opportunity to see him, but things cannot be easy for him. I talked about events being close to us and we saw the reaction to horrific events in Paris last week. That was two reasons. One is that a lot of it was on the mainstream media and the other is that it was close to homeformers. We cannot ever forget that what is going on there has been multiplied many times in other areas across the world. At the same time, I think that Sandra White might have touched on it and I know Malcolm Chisholm did, at the same time as these horrific events in Paris, we had the Boko Haram destroy a village and I do not know if anybody saw some photos. Unfortunately, I came across some photos of it the other night and it just is unbearable. All we can do from here is give the support to the people who are affected by this in Peshwar, Nigeria and other areas across the world. Tell them that we are with them and I know that the Scottish Government has been very supportive of communities across the world in situations like this and will continue to be so and hope that at some stage in the future we get to a situation when people have got a political point to make, they make it with their voices and not with weapons of destruction in the way that they have done recently. Many thanks. I would now like to invite Humza Yousaf to respond to the debate. Minister, around seven minutes please. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I also thank my colleague and friend Hans Alamalek for bringing this motion, securing cross-party support for it. I thank the members for their contributions, very eloquent and very articulate but also very insightful contributions that were made. I will try to touch on a few of them as I go along. I think that I speak for everybody, of course, when I say that it is one of those members' debates that we would rather not be having. Nonetheless, it gives us the opportunity to express our solidarity with the people of Pakistan, the Pakistani community worldwide and those who stand in defiance against terror. I also want to note that, as other members have done, Hans Alamalek's own personal endeavours in fostering closer relationships between Scotland and Pakistan—indeed, his and our beloved city of Glasgow—and Lahore. He has done well to foster those links. They are strong and enduring. Pakistan is a country that members will be aware of. It is close to my heart and I know Hans Alamalek's heart because of our family connections. My father and mother were born there, although she was born in Kenya. Her parents came from Pakistan and I know Hans Alamalek obviously having family from Pakistan, too. Such was the depravity of the attack that it did not matter whether somebody had a link to Pakistan or not. They felt the absolute suffering, the anger at what had happened and the absolute sadness of the events that took place, regardless of whether you had family connections or not. I want to touch upon a couple of points that were raised. One that Hans Alamalek made in his opening remarks is worth reiterating. Pakistan is up there with one of the, if not the country, that has suffered the most because of the so-called war on terror. For a country that had nothing to do with the incident that led to the war on terror, the dreadful attacks in 9-11 and the Twin Towers in New York, it has, as Hans Alamalek said, lost 80 billion US dollars from its economy, tens of thousands of innocent people have been killed and millions have been displaced from their homes. Kenny MacAskill was also absolutely correct in reminding us that those countries in the developing world are the ones that are the worst affected by terror. The country, like Pakistan, continues to suffer from that terrorism, as we saw from the attacks on 16 December, who could not be moved by what we saw on our television screens. I think that those images will stay with us chillingly forever. The children's shoes scattered across classrooms, blood-solt, jotters, desks riddled with bullet holes—that's not what a school should look like. I want to pay tribute, as Malcolm Chisholm eloquently said and Joanne Lamont, to the bravery of those children who returned to their school this week in Peshawar just yesterday. The children of Pakistan must be the bravest in the world if you think of those who have returned back to school, and then of course also Malala Yusefzi as well. Children who have been fired at, who have been the target of Taliban brutality, not thinking twice, but going back to the very schools where their schoolmates and their playmates in the playground had just lost their lives less than a month ago. I salute, admire and stand in absolute admiration at their courage. So horrific was this attack, Presiding Officer, that when it took place, it was even condemned by the Afghan Taliban. Not known, of course, for their compassionate streak by any stretch of the imagination, but such was the brutality of that attack. That even the Afghan Taliban said that it was quote-unquote un-Islamic. I think that the attack, as a result of the attack, has been a step change in Pakistani attitudes. It would be wrong to say that there wasn't some modicum of sympathy for the Pakistani Taliban in Pakistan. There was, for those who have travelled to Pakistan, for those who know the Pakistani community. That wasn't born out of any belief that what the Pakistan Taliban was doing was correct. It was probably more a reaction to the anti-Western reaction more than anything else. I think that Kenny McCaskill made a very important point in that regard. We must be careful when we are fighting terrorism, we have every duty to do that, that we do not give those terrorists any ammunition, we do not give them any public sympathy through unjust actions, be they drone attacks that have killed many innocent lives, or be it indeed by supporting and sometimes not being careful enough in terms of who we support on the global stage. The Taliban being perhaps a classic example of that. They were, of course, trained by the UK when they were in the US and other Western forces, when they were the Mujahideen then went on to become, of course, the Taliban. We must be careful that we in the UK and Scotland and the Western world are voices of compassion and ensure that we do not give the terrorists any ammunition whatsoever. Many, many colleagues have touched upon the fact that one of our friends, Councillor Jahangir Hanif, has lost two family members. I too want to express the Scottish Government's condolences and sympathies to Councillor Jahangir Hanif and his family. I know Hans Alamallek and Mr Hanif are very close, in fact, if I'm not incorrect, related as well, so my sympathies go to them all. I thought, Hans Alamallek touched upon an incredibly important point that education is vital to ensuring that we defeat the scourge of terrorism and radicalisation. I'm very pleased about the project that Anne McTaggart mentioned, the scholarships that we fund that have put tens of girls and women through university and we'll be looking to build on those. I think that the refresh of the Pakistan planet that we're aiming can look to maybe perhaps promote gender equality strongly and more strongly than it has done in the past. When it comes to education, just picking up the point that Hans Alamallek made and I'll end on this, that education is certainly the key to defeating radicalisation. Yes, there is a military solution that is needed, there is no doubt about that, that those that will take up guns against children, then yes, they have to be defeated, but also if you want to defeat radicalisation, you can't kill an idea with a bullet, you have to challenge it through education. That gives the Muslim community a big challenge for the Al Qaeda and ISIS-inspired terrorism. There's a challenge there for the Muslim community, the moderates within the community, to ensure that we're educating progressive Islam that we know is the core of the religion. There's also a challenge for all of us that when a common enemy such as that that we face with the extremist threat that we see worldwide, that common enemy will kill anybody, Muslim or non-Muslim. With such a challenge when there is a common enemy, there must be a common solution and we must stand in solidarity, we must not allow those who seek to divide us to do just that. An assault on one, Presiding Officer, must be seen as an assault on us all, thank you very much. Many thanks, that concludes Hans Alamalec's Members Business Taliban's attack in the school in Peshawar, and I now close this meeting of Parliament.


Hey, Rhodes wrote they got to talk to you. What's up? So here's what's happening. I had a word with the slacks and everybody last night It's game time. Okay. Here's what we're doing I want to start getting people together because we have obviously a major major staffing issue Okay, I think everybody sees it. So I talked to slacks.  Okay. Hey, really? Yeah I think I want to get a list of 10 folks who want to go and Come in here who are capable of fto and and we're gonna fast-track them to fto So that that way we can recruit more cadets and we can get people going and get the damn ball rolling Because I feel like we're dad gum five years behind everybody else in the city So that's the game plan right now. So I've got so far Mac. I saw Espinoe's last night I mean you heard he was being shoehorned into dispatch, right? Well, you don't want to be in that position He said he would do it just because he loves PD so damn much and that's that's who he is That's what he wants to do to me. It's a dad gum shame if we don't have those kind of guys here The people that want to be here barric if you have to spit fire solid fto's from years ago Who do you think it would be? Ziggy who else I'm missing somebody. Ziggy's a good one. That is correct Madison probably frost, and I'm just pretty much strictly going ship three at this point. Mm-hmm.  Oh, this makes me happy. Yeah, listen. I don't even care that it's ten people across three shifts Yeah, the three four maybe potential additional fto's. Oh my gosh, that'd be so good Obviously nothing is set in stone yet that at least makes me excited Very excited that it's me considered Yeah, and oh another name I forgot Who died and gave this man Hello Had a Duncan sorry, it's a day gum shit show today.  Okay, um, Unfortunately, the person I had called got tired because I thought we thought it was gonna be 15 minutes. Damn it. Okay. Yeah, it's okay I did all that I did I asked all the question that needed to be asked Fill me in on what exactly it is you're doing and what you were you you said you were gonna you got you got Clear as to do. Okay. So basically here's what we're looking at long story short I'm putting together a list of about 10 or so fellas from years ago Shift or 10 total. He just said 10, but let's just let's let's go about 10 10 to 15 minutes or 10 to 15 people people that we're gonna reach out to and Say hey, you know this guy is a hell of a damn good officer We know he's capable of fto and he probably needs a week to get his feet under him Let's bring him in for a week. Are you interested in doing these things under the stipulation that you will be an fto? You want to fto? All right, let's get the easiest one out out of the way for this one. Okay. Look at the board Mackenzie Hayes. She's already here every day listening to our radio coming to our meetings She already knows the culture.  They'll listen. They'll say yes, ma'am trainer specifically Let's look at shift. Let's look at shift to see now the pdrp is starting to pick up big time Do we already know this one? We're already thinking it Aaron bison 100% Aaron bison. He's already like tag me and coach I want to help out He was talking to us in that one time and he was like, please just just let me help and you know, he's he's a trainer He knows what he's doing roads already filled them in on what we need done easy slapping if we're going out there We're reaching out to people. I've had a couple people, you know, shoot me some I mean, hell, I even talked to I talked to kale so say even a little bit Yeah, that's what we're doing is I'm trying to get together a list of old PD members that's unfortunately kind of where my The the extent of um, you know people I talked to kind of and and have them come in and plug in almost immediately There's people I've met that I don't think they're old. They're just out of state that I think would also Uh fit the bill and that's this guy right here. So yeah, what about zaky? How well how well do you know zaky? I met him on the first day when I applied him and a few other people that applied that I've not seen since Um, he said hold on. I got to take this answered a phone call and said goober Where where do you need me and he went and take a goober drive? I I don't know him beyond that. Okay, that's why I'm not giving you all 10 and saying this is gonna this is what's gonna work I'm giving you about three four five six seven. I'm not trying to take up your whole list I'm trying to take up people that I've spoken to in the last month that are waiting They're waiting patiently. No, they're not no one's complaining. That's the thing dude is I can't I can't live Muhammad's again, there are people that have been impatient and got the courtesy of Of you know going through the process and rightfully removed and these people are not complaining They're not kicking a fuss. They're not coming to mrp trying to set it on fire. They're not shooting up the place They're just they they're either doing their side jobs like emergency medical services or dispatch and they're waiting I'd shoot for higher, but it you know what we're getting an inch. Let's not take a mile Yeah, hey, uh, apparently I have an fto meeting to go to but no, this is this is really good You're a hundred percent right Duncan.  I do I do I do miss. I mean I missed so much having that crew, dude That was so fun.  Okay Congratulations penny. You are probationary officer of the alias pd Congratulations Congratulations, girl Hey, can we get 52 that's out of mission row All right. Um, we have 147 to be fair. She did say to me that she was actually very scared to become a ppl Yeah, that do not do not Well, uh, we're down one to that great Hey, yo, hey, you want to see someone crazy. Look at this.  Everyone just took off. Yeah Hey, watch this. Do you want to see a crazy one? Had a tip off the other day about a potential grow. We're going to get code six break I missed I screwed up. I didn't do it fast enough I had the diagonal. I tried to hit enter. I hit the freaking thing Well, I got owned by the slash I got owned by the slash I got I got owned by the slash Which is the highest position you ever got Senior officer in the lspd. All right, and how would you describe your experience in the police department? It was like my dream come true all of my uh Step dads were police officers growing up and I always idolized them. I hope I hope so bad Sob is like, I don't know. I don't know if he's got it in there I hope so bad and justice for all justice for all It was truly magnificent to have the opportunity to do what my stepfathers did And uh, I Was free for anything in the world So when would you stop? That was called away Where to? It was rumored that the hologram that's currently being cast on the sky that hides god from us had been pierced above nipon So I had to fly there in order to find the source of the breach When did you come back to Los Santos? I felt a yearning in my soul a uh some sort of calling If you will my former compatriots needed me Also, I kind of miss Los Santos. I got some good japan too Japan What do you know about japan? I uh recently have acquired a fascination and idolization of uh The samurai class. Are you familiar sir? Absolutely. I mean I use that in my mobile judo all the time. All right Well, let's find out if you're if you're a real weaver now. Okay. Do you watch anime or read manga? Yes, sir. What's your top five manga anime? Jujutsu kaisen season two number one No, I mean it's kind of but not really it's it's what's already kind of but not really It's kind of like uh, I don't know they say either. It's it's like a It's like romanized version of a japanese word. Actually, they are japanese words. So no, it's not english I got a question for you. Why should we hire you? Why should we give you the badge back? I will do anything to make sure that this city sees law and order I wish to work alongside my brothers and sisters in the blue To ensure that another riot does not happen at the capital To ensure that the people of los santos can see us with respected dignity I got another one for you.  There's some body game footage from years ago Lossage if he got picked up in the coquette or were there motorcycles? Here Lenny can move. I know this one. You guys picked this guy up in this really nice coquette out here Oh, look at this right here.  No other guy. That's right.     You know, I just killed his friend cold blood Look at this. Look at this right here.  Our position is pretty simple. If you know breach You better be damn sure take out the threat and make sure the host is not hurt, right? That's the most important thing because at the end day If you fail and the host is killed the blood is on your hand. Yes, sir. That's right lots of blood I have a question. You said you were a senior of the lspd, but you were in a bcso uniform Yeah, I was in the bcso briefly. Oh, why the why the change? Uh, but I've been a bit of an internal drama Um, I honestly I cannot remember. Uh, okay And how do you feel about when some internal drama is going on the pd? How would you solve it? I can hear always to the chain of command no matter who it is I have no thoughts of my own in in so far as Drama is concerned. All right. Well, good answer. I have a classic robot cop And do you want to ask him the batman versus spider-man question?  Oh, which one do you think's better batman? Okay, good answer. All right. Lenny. Thank you. Have a seat. Can everybody have a seat and please have a seat Please find a seat don't can go change or and get out of here. Thank you So people want to talk about not having enough units for things which I will not argue with but We as a pd need to be conscious of that as well.    So just be mindful and just be careful. Okay.  So we have two brand new Ppo's in the shift too. I'd like you to say your names. Please start with on my right Penny lane. Hi. I'm penny lane and callista bell. They uh today Uh, they both just got promoted to ppo whether it be a short time or a long time That training happened. Uh, I'm welcome in the shift too.  Let's go.  Yeah, so I'm just gonna read this speech really quick Thank you for spending 50 hours with me I'm so grateful to every officer who taught me everything I've learned so far And I'm so excited to learn more Thank you to maple especially for teaching me how to do paperwork for 10 hours and lastly Thank you to bobby my reports Wouldn't be as beautiful as they are now without you And I hope you'll be around to teach me more soon Thank you for bringing me on as the most under qualified ppo on the force Hey claps all around y'all great job y'all Amen What about the pledge? I pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states of america You guys got any depths I have seven I got seven in two days No, I ain't got none after four days on duty You know you don't have any roads. No, uh roads. Would you snitch on me? No rows would never well hold on. What do you mean snitch? Give me a hypothetical. What did you potentially? Let's say we're riding together. Okay, and someone's giving me lip and you know, we're doing a traffic stop on them I you know, I smudge the back the back light or whatever to put my finger print there. I walk it up I say, hey, what's up?  I guess we'll do this the hard way Did you snitch on me for that? No, because that that that is very in line with what I would like to do But I'm towing the line the best I can look just don't get fired until I can open up the sheriff's office. Okay Okay, that's that's the game plan. All right That's pretty much everybody's banking on right now. I'm pretty uh by the book. So you don't don't worry about me I'm not gonna go buck wild unless provoked.  You want to shoot someone where you go to bed night? I would have saved it for tomorrow about that. Okay. Yeah, that sounds good. Let's go shoot at what time you're getting on duty tomorrow, Lenny Probably uh late shift to I'll leave you to be I'm gonna go pull people over and issue them citations on paper I can't wait. I love My job. Hey, you're a lot of officers on duty today. I'm telling you something changed in the last 12 hours Okay, I think people caught some wind


Hi guys, it's MJ and in this video, we're going to go through Excel and I'm going to show you how to Extract the cohorts. So let's say we have a life table Okay, we have a life table and it's got various years. So let's say 2000 2001 and 2002 and let's say we have our ages 20 21 22 23 and 24 and What we normally get in a live table is the amount of people alive You know some amount of people who are age 20 live at the date 2000 So what I'm going to do is I'm just going to put in some reference numbers. So normally you would actually see proper Proper values here like they're various likes like you can see lives don't normally increase But why I'm doing this is I'm going to show you 22 23 and let's make that 32 33 and then we're going to make this 42 43 and we're going to make this 52 53 okay, so this is our life table Okay, we've got a little life table and let's say we now want to get the cohorts Okay, so we want to get the cohorts For these various years, we can actually just copy paste this over here Now the cohorts are Quite a difficult thing to extract in Excel because the cohorts are It's when you you take an age group and you follow them throughout time So these 20 year olds over here are the 21 year olds in 2001. They are the 22 year olds in 2002 so kind of like They kind of like follow this this type of pattern So what we want to do is we want to extract the diagonals. So these guys over here would be a different Cohort and these guys over here would be just green would be a different cohort like that So this is the yellow one here How do we get these numbers over here? how do we get them going down and I mean, maybe we should We should have two thousand and three two thousand and four as well. I'm just have some more numbers 24 25 34 35 44 45 and then 54 55 okay, so we want to get We want to get These yellow lines over here now. I mean you could go and type them out I mean that is one possible way But when you're dealing with live tables, it's very likely you could have like 30 years over here You could have you know 80 ages so to do that It's gonna take up a lot of your time So is there a quick way that you can do it for for all of them? so well Fortunately, we do and that is going to be the point of this video So what I'm going to be using is something known as the index function Okay, so the index function We select an array actually before I do that a very good thing to do is if you're going to be using an array I like to give it a name. So let's call it data We call it data and then that way in the formula We don't have to put all those dollar signs and all that type of stuff with Excel so we just go index and Then we want data and then you can see we kind of want column 1 row 1 and Then we'd go index Okay, data and now we want row 2 row 2 Okay, and you can see we can start generating all of those But what we've seen is that there is a bit of a pattern each time they are increasing by 1 so what we can do is The following we can use our row information in order To Calculate these numbers over here. So what do I mean by that? So if I say we're dealing with age 20 years are smaller So if we go negative 19 plus And we go here. We want to fix it on B. We don't mind if it moves down the columns So we're gonna put the dollar sign there and then our column is we can also have say negative One what negative 1999 Plus oh So before we do that, let's just make it make it simple This is a little bit tricky But let's see if we can oh I'm sliding down Okay, let's see if this works. Okay, so we've got 11 and now we want to see oh Okay, that's great. So what you can see what we're doing here is we're using these values In order to be our index positions in order to return it In the array But the problem with this is that if I now drag across Okay, it doesn't work. Okay, you can see They're giving me the same results. So what I want to do We want to clear this over here. I want to use also my year So let's actually just take away the color so Over here. I want 11 But over here, I'm gonna want one two Okay, so We can't really use this formula here or we can if we just modify it slightly. So let's go 1999 plus 2000 okay now we want to fix it on the row So we'll put the dollar sign there. Okay Let's just see if this still works for us Okay, it doesn't that has missed everything up um How do we get around this Let's just see if we put a dollar sign there Oh, no, of course not because what it's going to be doing is We want the column to also change as well So we can't actually do that So What do we do? What do we do? What do we do? I should have prepared better for this video Um, but this is the whole thing you have to you have to figure things out As you go about them. So let's actually stick with our b15 And now let's actually Let's add something else as well. So let's make this minus 20 plus We want the 2000 Minus 199 Nine is that going to work? Let's see. Let's see if this is going to work. We want to fix the column Um, we want to fix the 14. That's what we want to fix Okay, so let's see if that works Okay, that has worked and because we can see all the yellow numbers Are over there. So we've got all our little yellow numbers Okay, now what I want to see I want to see one two I want to see two three. I want to see three four. I want to see four five Then I'm going to be a very happy chap and these should be Should give errors because they don't actually have the value. So they'll go ref Okay, let's see. Does this work? Fantastic fantastic. So we actually have figured this thing out um So actually let me just show you here with the orange. So these orange values here Are popping up over here And these yellow numbers over there Are popping up over there and then if we had made the same blue This is where the blue numbers would have been. So what we've done is we've extracted the cohorts um And how we've done it is we've used the index function. So the index function is very important We're always using the same Data, so I've given that a name reference and then what I've done is you could see it took a little bit of thinking But you had to kind of see the sequence what was what was being required And then adjust that sequence using either the the names of your columns Or the names of your rows And this is going to be different depending if you're starting at age 80 or if The the years or every five years or something like that you're going to have to figure that part out by yourself But with a little bit of practice and a little bit of trial and error You can see that we've able we've been able to extract the cohorts From our life table and this is going to save you a lot of time when like I said when it's like 50 years projected And yeah, something like 80 years. This is going to be a big time saver If you can work out this little formula there Anyway, that is the the end of the video. I hope you enjoyed it. I'll probably be making a few more Excel for actuary videos. So click subscribe and let me know your thoughts in the comment section below. Thanks guys. Cheers


If you've been following along in our discussion on listening, then you know, I've said a number of times now that listening is not easy. It's not a natural process. There are all kinds of barriers that end up being put in our way to effective listening because it's not just a thing that happens naturally for us. So let's take a moment to talk about some of those barriers to effective listening. What are some of the things that keep us from being the most effective listeners that we could? So let's start by talking about some of those challenges. Beginning with the fact that listening, as I said, does not come naturally to us. It's not something, you know, effective listening is not a skill that we're just naturally born with. We can hear, we're born with hearing, unless you have some sort of hearing impairment, we're born with hearing. But there's a difference, as we know, between hearing and listening. So listening, hearing comes naturally to us. Listening does not. Listening is something we have to work at and be actively engaged in. Like many things, if it doesn't come naturally to us, it's a challenge. It can be difficult. Listening doesn't come easy. As I just mentioned, not only is it not natural, but it's not a simple process. It's a challenge for us. It takes energy. It takes focus. It takes an active engagement. And none of that is simple or easy. So that makes listening a challenge as well. We also just, over time, we develop poor listening habits. And so we get in the habit of not listening well. And then that makes it more challenging down the road because we just, we don't talk these effective skills. And so we develop a lot of negative skills or a lot of poor listening habits that get in the way of effective listening. And then of course, another challenge is that noise is ever present. So let's take a moment to talk about noise and how it impacts listening here just for a moment. So first of all, when we talk about noise, there are three different kind of categories of noise. And remember that noise isn't always just things we hear. It could be other things from the environment as well. So let's start with physical noise. Physical noise is anything that comes from the environment around us. So anything that's outside of our body and interferes with the sending and receiving of a message would be physical noise. Now noise could be that you're at a crowded concert. And it could be not only the volume of that concert, making it difficult to hear, but the fact that there are people bumping into you and it's maybe hot or maybe you're hungry or thirsty or whatever, whatever the case. That environment is creating a challenging situation for you to try and listen to anything. Probably not the best opportunity to have a really detailed conversation about things, because it's going to be difficult to listen with all of that going on around you from the physical noise. Physical noise could also be things like if it's too hot or too cold in the room where you're at or in the environment where you're at, your focus is there and it's not on listening. It's easy to get distracted by that. Or if you're in a classroom and the chair's not comfortable. If you've all been in a classroom like that, right, with those plastic molded chairs, it just aren't very comfortable. So that can make it a challenge to listen when you're really that uncomfortable. Or when you're too comfortable, if you're in a lazy boy right now or whatever, then that could be a problem to you. Maybe you're falling asleep. And so all of that, those physical noise, it's from our external environment around us. Another type of noise that we have is physiological noise, meaning it comes from our body. Physiological has to do with our body. So any noise or interference that extends from our body, things like being hungry, it's hard to listen effectively when you're hungry, right?  Or when you're sick, when you're not feeling well, it's really hard to focus, really hard to listen. When you're tired, when you're exhausted, when you're fatigued, or even when you're stressed out, things like that, that can be physiological noise, your body is not cooperating in such a way that makes it likely that you're going to be able to listen effectively. Finally, we have psychological noise. And this comes from our mind, our mind. Just times when we're daydreaming, we're thinking about something else, we're not really focused. Our mind is on other things, either we have some personal concerns going on, or we're thinking about what we want to have for dinner, or we're just daydreaming and wandering off in our mind. All of that could be psychological noise. It's things from our mind that are keeping us from really focusing and paying attention to that message and listening effectively. So, noise can come from all these different types of things. Obviously, it's a massive issue for listening and a massive challenge for listening to have all these different types of noise. Some of the common barriers that we see, like more specific common barriers that we see, first of all, our information overload in our present day and age, we are overloaded by stimuli. We have all the time, not only people talking to us and things going on, and traffic going around, but we've got our phones, we've got our computers, these constant distractions, more constantly bombarded with stimuli. It's really hard to focus on or pay attention to any one thing at times. We also have just rapid thought. The average English speaker in the United States speaks at a rate of about 150 words per minute. But our brain works at a rate of closer to 450 to 600 words per minute. So, our brain is working three or four times faster than the other person is speaking in a typical situation. So, our brain gets ahead of it. We start jumping ahead. We jump to conclusions. Our mind drifts off to something else. Our rapid thought just takes us away from that focus. We also, another common barrier is just a lack of preparation. We're just not prepared to listen. We come into this situation. Maybe you've had this in class before. You've got other things going on. You really don't like the class. The professor's not that interesting. So, we don't come in with a mindset of, I'm going to listen. I'm going to pay attention. We're just not prepared. We need that preparation. Our mind, again, it's not a natural ability for us. So, we need that preparation. We need to prepare ourselves to listen effectively and remind ourselves what we're doing and why we're doing it and why it's important. It could just be two that you got a bad message or a bad speaker. Messages that we don't want to hear make it difficult to listen. That's a common barrier. Or speakers like the teacher from Ferris Bueller and Ben Stein. Bueller, Bueller, Bueller. Just not really interesting. Very monotone. Those types of things can make it really difficult to listen. Listening is a challenge under the best of circumstances. And when you've got a bad message or a bad speaker, that really makes it impossible to pay any attention whatsoever. This idea of perception or interpretation can be a barrier. If we're seeing things differently, you know, an optimist sees the glass half full. A pessimist says the glasses half empty. An engineer says the glass needs to be twice the size that it needs to be. Or the class says twice the size that it needs to be. Too much glass, in other words. Our perspective can be different from other people. Giving us a different interpretation of that. And leading us to not listen very well. If we think it doesn't apply to us. If we think it's not interesting or whatever. If we're just seeing things from a different perspective entirely, that can really be a strong barrier to effective listening. And then finally, a lack of instruction. We talked about this. We touched on this earlier. We just haven't had much training. We don't get much instruction in listening. And as a result, the result of a lack of instruction is poor listening habits. Poor listening habits are massive issues. Wait, that's a typo. Sorry. Not poor listening habits. Poor listening habits are a side effect of a lack of instruction. You know, we develop all kinds of poor listening habits. Things like pseudo listening. Well, we pretend we're listening. We give every indication that we're listening, but we're not really. We're nodding our head. Yes, okay, sure. But we're not really paying attention. We're giving every signal, but we're not. That's pseudo listening. We're interrupting. You know, when we interrupt somebody, it gives them a very clear indication that we're not really listening to what they're saying. If we were, we wouldn't have interrupted, right? And we're interrupting gives the message as well that what I have to say is more important than whatever you're talking about. And so clearly I'm not going to listen to that. So interrupting is a poor listening habit that we have. Stage hogging or bringing the attention constantly back to yourself. Oh, you had a bad weekend. Well, let me tell you about my weekend and how bad it was. It was way worse, right? We constantly bring the attention back to us. That's not a good listening. That's just a listening with the intent of how can I fit myself into this? Selective listening or just hearing those things that we want to hear in that message. Hearing the good news, but not the bad or hearing it in a way that we want to hear it. So being selective about what we're listening to. Some other poor listening habits that we have are filling in the gaps. Again, our mind jumps ahead. And so we just kind of make assumptions. We jump ahead and we kind of drift off and stop paying attention. We can just fill in the gaps because we've already got it figured out in our mind, right? We're listening defensively with the expectation that this person is attacking us. So we listen and put that spin on everything. Ambushing is kind of the same thing. We're listening really well. We're listening very effectively, but only so that we can then use that information to attack the other person. We're trying to find some loophole, some way that we can trap that person or attack that person. And that's not effective listening if we have that kind of specific thing built into it. Or maybe we're just spending the time while the other person's talking. It's really just an opportunity for us to prepare our own response and to decide what we want to say. We're not really listening to them. So much as thinking about what it is we want to say next. All of these extremely poor listening habits that develop because we don't receive enough instruction and we don't put enough practice and intention into developing our listening skills. That's something that we've got to change. And we will be working on as we work through this series. If you have questions about listening, any part of it, whether it's poor listening habits or barriers to listening, effective listening, please let me know. Feel free to email me. I'd love to hear from you that way. In the meantime, I hope that you will really think about, okay, what are some areas that I have the most opportunity to improve? And we all have areas that we can get better as listeners. So what are some of yours? And begin thinking about how we can break down some of these barriers to listening.


My name is Azad Nafisi and I go by the name of Azad Wright. I'm from Los Angeles and I'm a songwriter, producer, artist. Azad is actually my real first name. It means freedom in Farsi and it's something my parents didn't have. My father, Majid Nafisi, is a well-known poet from the Iranian community. He's also a political activist. Both my parents were exiled before the Revolution and the travel to France to Turkey and then finally ended up here. Wright, I always liked to write. I didn't like the way W-R-I-T-E looked. One day we were just sitting and we were like, yo, just switch it to R-I-G-H-T, your music's positive and it looks better. My father definitely has a big influence on my life. I wouldn't necessarily say that he's the reason that I do hip-hop, but definitely because of him, I've been very interested in reading and writing from a young age. I started writing my own music, my own raps to be specific in 9th grade, so I was 13 years old. I say I need space and you try to get closer. Some of the topics I talk about in my music, family issues, things that are going on in my current life, relationship problems. I've seen a lot of comments on the YouTube videos and on the blog posts like, yo, this kid, when I first saw him, his image on the site, I didn't expect him to rap. Tons of people have come up to me and been very proud that I've been able to break that barrier down. Being on stage is the best part about this. Being able to see these kids and these people's reactions to your music, then you see people like, wow, this is really, really good. And I can relate to this. That's what makes me, like, tangled.


Hello everyone today, I'm going to show you how to strengthen your login by utilizing Twilio in an SMS based multi-factor authentication All right first things first You're gonna need an odds your account if you don't already have one if you do have one Go ahead and go to odds.com and log in so that you land on your dashboard here If you don't have one you can check the video notes below There's gonna be a link there for you to sign up Once you've signed up and gone through all the steps and verification needed You're gonna land on this dashboard page here for your individual tenant Now I'm going to be utilizing the react starter code which you can find also in the video notes below or on the screen right here This is going to give us a very foundational setup It's gonna do all the code for us We're just gonna update some values and then we're off and running So again, go ahead and go to the github page clone this repository to your own machine And then follow the steps down here to get up and running once you've installed and set up what you need To get set up in order to get this running and you run this locally This is what the app is gonna look like just a basic react app with a login button already ready for us Now inside of that sample code here I have it open it asks us to create this auth underscore config.json file and you can see it's got some dummy values in here We're gonna need to update the domain and client ID values for this example We're not gonna be messing around with the audience today so that we can actually just delete this here Now in order to get these values We need to go back to our Auth0 dashboard to create a new application And then we're gonna grab it from one of the the fields inside of that view So once you get back to your dashboard page on the left here We're look for this applications tab click applications and applications You can see that I've got a bunch already in mind if you're a new to Auth0 This will be your first one so press this create application button and since we're working with the react starter code This is a single page web application as you can see a JavaScript front-end app that uses an API That's us So go ahead and click that one and I'm just gonna call this one the Twilio example Perfect once that creates you can go ahead and skip this quick start tab and go over to settings This is what we're gonna be working out of you can see that my name is here the Twilio example The domain and client ID is what we need to pull over to our application So I'm going to do that now copy that domain and then grab the client ID as well Perfect now that we have those values in there back on our dashboard here in our application There's a couple of fields that we need to fill out Namely the allowed callback URLs Logout URLs and web origins. So right now. We're just working on local hosts 3000 So that's what I'm going to put into this field here As well as this one and allow web origins Perfect with that URL in those three fields. We can go down to the bottom and save it Perfect now as long as you're saved your code and started the server again Your application should now work in the browser. So I'm going to go to my local host example here Do a little refresh now we can try signing in so we'll log in to this application I'm going to for the first time just create a new dummy user. So I'll say Tyler to at Gmail Give it a strong password Now after I press continue here the next screen as you can see here is a consent screen Requesting that I give this application Access to my profile email going to accept and now I've successfully Authenticated with this new user you can see I have a little icon up here in the corner and then on my profile page here There's a little bit information about myself Now that I have my user here I can easily log out and log back in using that same user and you'll notice that as I do so All it's asking me for is my username and password my email and password I've given it There's no other authentication factors that are going to play here And that's what we're gonna do now a set up Twilio to make this a multi-factor authentication Now in order to get that set up you're going to need a Twilio account So a link to that is in the video notes as well But you're basically then go to create a free Twilio account So give you enough of credits in order to get this application working But obviously if you're working with enterprise level stuff and so on you're gonna need to add a credit card and pay But today you can get away with just using the free Twilio account as you can see here Now once you've gone through all the setup requirements that's asked by Twilio to get that free account You're gonna end up landing on their dashboard We're gonna be coming back to this dashboard here later on to grab this account SID and a token value that you see here before we do that We need to grab the Twilio trial phone number now This is a free number that Twilio lets us use and then this is the number that our users will be receiving a text from with the code to Input to complete their authentication So just get the trial phone number that you see here and it's gonna automatically assign us a number to use Click choose this number Perfect now this number appears down here below All right, so now let's go to our Ozzio dashboard and now configure Ozzio to use Twilio and these values that we've created here as a multi-factor authentication So back in your dashboard on the left. We're looking at the security tab and then the multi-factor off Now these are all the factors that you can use when using Ozzio instead of your application So you can use things like web auth in one type passwords or even push notifications using something like Guardian For us, we're going to enable the phone message factor The first thing that I want to do is enable this so I'll toggle this to green and you'll see the toast notification here saying that it is now enabled You can use the Ozzio delivery provider or Twilio or a custom obviously for this example we're using Twilio Now there are three different types of delivery methods that you can use SMS SMS and voice or just voice Let's keep it simple and just do SMS Now we need to go back to our Twilio dashboard and grab some values that we've already set up So the SID token and then the from phone number that we've just set up So I'm going to grab the account SID They sat there the token and then I'm going to use the free trial number in The from box perfect Now these two boxes here is where we can customize the text that goes to our users So we can leave it as is which will spit it out just like this or we can change this text to say something different We obviously don't want to touch this code in brackets here because this is that dynamic code that users will Get and input into their identity service and not zero when they're logging in I'm just gonna leave this as is and press save now this save will update the configurations Make sure you do toggle this to green Now you'll notice that everything else is disabled all the other factors except for our phone message option here Now if we were to try this into our react app that I have running still It's not gonna work because we need to do this second part on here Which is define how often we want our users to authenticate with multiple factors Right now we're on never. There's two other options though the adaptive MFA or just always The adaptive is off service way where we test the user's environment And if it seems like a risky scenario, then we're going to ask the user to authenticate using multiple factors Or there's just the always which is no matter what have them multi-factor authenticate So I'm gonna leave it on always and press save Now this is saying that all existing and new users who are not enrolled are going to be asked to enroll in this multi-factor authentication Perfect we get their notification toast and now we can go and test it out now back inside of our application Let's go ahead and log in now that we've enabled multi-factor authentication with Twilio so push login and Now we'll add the email that I created in the password Now notice it didn't automatically log us into our app. It's now asking me to enter my phone number to receive that text code We have this cool country selector here to get your country code So I'm gonna leave it at the United States and enter my phone number Perfect now. I'll wait for this message to come. There it is and enter that code Press enter and with that code being successful I'm now authenticated using Twilio and multi-factor authentication on to my dashboard


Slum Cha Welcome back To our Sigma Direct Alley episodes Corbin This is Jamison Any follows on Instagram, Twitter Standards Curious about it? I got google translate from one of us Check it out It's so juicy to all of you saying guys don't drink on camera sorry dad you know you see one of them saying oh he hates it yeah exactly it pisses him off sometimes anyways yeah but he also gets pissed off at your intro I don't care I know you don't uh today we are reacting to a little we do you remember when we did the Irfan one with the Asian paints yes this is for Susan's thing he did one as well and so this is a little video awesome Susan people have been recommending more videos of him we've seen just two of his films but we don't really know much about him as as a person yeah or anything like that so hopefully this will shed a little light I don't really know what it's gonna convey but it's Asian paints where the heart that one with Irfan was really nice yeah very transparent I expect this to be just yeah so all right here we go cool I don't know how to start, I don't know how to start I was just thinking if I start then I will miss it hi this is Shaan Singh Rajput you're watching Asian paints where the heart is welcome to my home actually they gave me the decision of getting this house I was shooting a lot of films and I saw the video from there and from there I decided to get this house and I was really really waiting to get here to actually experience being in here so guys this is my living room I love your style so I define my living room as a time-traveling room because there are different stories here condensed in different forms talking about different history future everything these pictures here are very interesting fascinating ancient pictures and if you look closely into any of the picture it actually tells you a completely old fascinating story guys let me take you to a room where I actually think very cool book show very cool book show this is the study table and I like yellow I love yellow that's why I wanted my study table to be yellow and by the way this is my time machine that is a snack telescope called Miari 600 and you can see Saturn rings the Jupiter moons and actually different galaxies then draw it also that's awesome when the sky is clear wow that's awesome I love telescopes oh oh hey forever I don't know what I was like and we used to get these miniature cars in noodles man and I got this pasta so I wanted to buy that car and finally got that car same car he bought the car he got what he wanted it is still with me and it still very precious I still know the car I would buy so guys let me take you over the moon both literally and metaphorically these are the pictures from NASA actually so this is when I visited I got myself a uniform I was always wanted to be an astronaut and then I talked myself into becoming a pilot then I said okay engineer and then I was confused so I thought let's be an actor that was confused so I became an actor one thing I always dreamt to have at my place was a projector I really like watching play so I always wanted to buy this and I got myself this it's just when I was thinking of drawing the interior design so it was a mix of everything so it wasn't to follow one I wanted to be like this and follow the other and I kept praying I could look around and get a feel of it the kind of the kind of the kind of conversation it's just nothing all those things that I made with God it's very old and I like making it old sorry guys I know another was a bunch of people who have left me so I can relate to it so I got an it's up this one was different yeah because the last one he was talking to to that gentleman it was autobiographical so he talked about his life maybe I have the wrong video and there's a longer this was like a clip of it maybe I mean it was interesting and I enjoyed seeing the inside of his house but I thought it was going to be more along the lines of the other one where I thought I was going to get to know him yeah I thought so sorry I didn't but this has been recommended to me a lot so I don't know I don't know you can let me know if there's a different video of the Asian paints that's similar to where we get to know the person of him more I would like to I mean it's not these kinds of things never interest me you have a cool apartment but I mean I assume you did you're a established actor one of the coolest things about him though is that obviously he doesn't come from the industry he doesn't have family in the industry he doesn't have anything I think the coolest parts of his story is the fact that he he's a self-made there's quite a few Indian actors that are self-made actors but then the fact that we all have those dreams as a kid of if we ever became famous and rich what we would buy I would buy 100% a 1967 Shelby GT 500 Mustang kind of harpy if I could how long have you wanted that ever since I saw it gone in 60 seconds really? yeah the Nichols Cage film which is just a fun film it's not like Beauty Oscar it's a Nichols Cage film so I should tell you what kind of film it is but it has the most beautiful Mustang I've ever seen in my life I think in 1967 or 1969 Mustangs both beautiful Mustangs most beautiful Mustangs but that was the most interesting when he started to talk about himself obviously and himself I wanted to learn more about him yeah so you can let us know more of other videos that are like that to where he talks about himself about how he became up in the industry just about him as a person because this is like I kind of got to know a little bit he's a space nerd yeah we learned he's a space nerd which I especially as a kid I was a huge space nerd you were born when the US went to the moon because I was I was four months old when we walked on the moon did you remember it vividly I was born in March of 69 we walked on the moon in July of 69 great year so it was a great year 69 is a great number anyways please let us know other videos so we can know the person because we only know him from the two films we've seen him in but we don't know anything about him personally right at all so if there's other videos like that you can let us know about them down below thank you


Good morning, everyone. Y1 Guillory here. I'm the CFL here at the Naval War College. Today, for our virtual workouts, we're going to be doing core workout. So let's go ahead and get ready to get started. Alright, so for our first exercise, we're going to do five sets of 30-second planks. So we're going to get in this position right here. You're kind of like in the push-up position.  You want to make sure you maintain your body like this and not your two-pack in the air nor your body touching the deck. And again, this is going to be for 30 seconds. Alright, so our next exercise is going to be five sets of 10 fork-out flutter kicks. So we're going to get on our deck like so. We're going to put our hands underneath our two-pack, and we're going to have our feet straight out like this, and then we're going to bring one leg up, and bring one leg down, and bring the other leg up, and we're just going to keep swapping back and forth just like that. And there's going to be 10 fork-outs. So it's just going to go just like this. One, two, three, one. One, two, three, two. And again, that's going to be for 10 fork-outs. Alright, so our next exercise is going to be three sets of 30-second side planks. So first, we're going to get on our left side. Get down on the deck just like so. Put our hands on our hips. And again, we're going to hold this for 30 seconds. Once we complete that, we're going to switch over to our right side and hold for 30 seconds. Again, that's going to be three sets. Alright, so for our last exercise, it's going to be three sets of 10 fork-out flutter kicks. So again, remember you want to get on deck like so. Bring your feet up just like this.  Thank you all for coming out. I'm Juan Juan Guillory, signing off. And we'll see you next time for our virtual workout.


T-F-N-N, headline, news update. Welcome folks, we have the Dow Industrial is up 41, Nasdaq down 12, S&P's flat, and we're gonna be coming into the close folks, and you get option expiration, so you're gonna get a little volume in at this close. Gold contract, gold contract trading up $4.70 at 14.01 an ounce. We have silver down 17 cents, $15.31 an ounce. Light sweet crude, $56.65 a barrel, notes and bonds. You get the tenure note down 17 ticks, trading $127.16, the 30 year off one full point and three ticks at $154.20. Now that, you know you have some price here, but the bottom line folks is that you are pulling back with light volume into strength. Okay, so the bottom line is that note, notes as well as bonds continue to want higher price. The 30 year right now is pulling back with 289,000 contracts and the bottom line is that you're pulling back into 365. 10 year same setup. Inside the metals market, what's moving that metals market right now and I expect it's gonna keep moving higher, why, because this is the first time since last October that you actually have follow through to the downside inside the dollar index. We have out here today in the summer trading, but the bottom line is that the dollar index does have volume once again on the way down. We've come down three days in a row and you get an expansion of volume now. First day, Wednesday we are coming down with 29,000, yesterday we've come down with 25,000 and you're at 28,000 right now. So good old King dollar wants to make its way down to the 94 number, we'll see if in fact it breaks that 94 number. That no doubt is what's giving the metals contract room to go higher. S&P's bottom line is that you get a sideways flat market out here, right now you get 49 million shares trading in the S&P, yesterday we did 116, you're going into this 71 out here. What I do expect, we're gonna see is that as we're coming into this close, you're gonna get some volume into this close with option expiration. When we take a look at the end to see volume, end to see volume out here, you're at 624 inside the NYSE, that's already big volume. So we're gonna get some drill juice coming in there into this close inside the NASDAQ composite, you're already at 1.4 billion, so that is gonna ratchet up to somewhere about the 2 billion mark.


hope you don't feel like I'm repeating myself a bajillion for a million times today. I'm kind of feeling like I'm repeating myself a bajillion for a million times today but don't forget secondary active transport requires energy and it requires a carrier and it moves molecules against the concentration gradient and it requires energy to do this and if you had to take a wild guess if I said true or false right now you're gonna bet whatever dessert you're having tonight you're betting that put it on the table if you get this right you get the dessert if you get it wrong I get the dessert here's the true false question is this true or false secondary active transport needs energy in the form of ATP true or false what are you gonna say all right I just have to say some words here about this I just posed a question to you that you don't know the answer to you don't know if you don't know what the energy source is you know we need energy but you don't know what the energy source is and I just said is it ATP and if you had to guess right now I'm gonna say you should say no it's not ATP that would be a good guess because if it was ATP how's it different from primary active transport that's the logic I just walked you through a logic thing that you can do on a test if you are faced with something that you're like what I've never heard this before in my life you could actually figure it out sometimes not all the time but sometimes you can't it's true secondary active transport doesn't use ATP are you ready to go with me on this instead it uses a concentration gradient of another molecule okay what are you serious it's like hitching a ride one molecule when you have secondary active transport one molecule moves down its concentration gradient and the carrier uses the energy from that molecule moving down its concentration gradient it captures the energy in that movement and uses that energy to pump something else against its concentration gradient the rule of thumb is if you don't see ATP involved there probably is some molecule going down its concentration gradient and that's how that's where the energy is coming from for this secondary active transport you can think of it like one molecule is catching a ride with another molecule that's going down its concentration gradient you just you just hitch a ride you're already going that way I don't have to pay for the gas because you already have it right so ultimately if I were to ask the question does secondary active transport rely on ATP I say this from experience I have asked that question and I have expected the answer to be no it does not and then I get baffled when students complain about they thought it did and if they thought it did because somewhere you had to have ATP to establish somebody else's concentration gradient that they came down did you follow that crazy line in secondary active transport someone has a concentration gradient that they traveled down but how did we get that concentration gradient somewhere a primary active transporter used ATP to create that concentration gradient secondary active transporters I can't think of a secondary active transporter that exists on its own it has to be coupled with a primary active transporter in order to establish that concentration gradient in the first place how do you feel about this remember we're just dealing with carriers we don't have active transport through channels we don't have active transport directly through the cell membrane but we do have carrier proteins that do the do the job one more way that we can move trickier molecules through the cell membrane and that's vesicular transport which we're going to talk about in a second