Hello and welcome, everyone. Most of you, in fact, I'm sure all of you know Bruce Landsberg as the Executive Director of AOPA's Air Safety Foundation. But maybe something you don't know about him very well is that Bruce describes himself as a long time and a long term student. And when we talked about this introduction, what happened is we went through his certificates and that sort of thing. But what came out was, here is a person who is dedicated, enthusiastic, and constantly interested in creating better pilot education. Please welcome Bruce Landsberg. Welcome everybody. It feels like the price is right or some sort of game show here, but I'm glad to see all of you here. And we're going to talk about communications this morning. But first I'm going to make an unabashed plug for the AOPA's Air Safety Foundation website. Quick question now. How many of you have been to the website? Okay, we've got about half the hands up. The other half, I want you to go to the website by the time when you get back home from Sun and Fun. This is the address up here.  It doesn't cost anything. All of our free courses are online so you can take them at your leisure. We have a new course up here called SkySpotter and that has to do with pilot reports and we'll talk a little bit about that in a little bit. Okay, so effective communication. How do you measure communication? Anybody? No ideas. Yes, sir? Clarity. Clarity. All right. Anybody else? Response. I like to think that the message is received and understood. Sometimes there's a difference between those two. They got the message, but they didn't understand what it was. It also helps us to increase our safety level and our confidence. If you've ever had a hard time communicating with a controller, hasn't it sort of increased your workload because you're going back and forth and you're not getting through to them or maybe they're not getting through to you, as the case may be? Here we have a situation. Obviously, the pilot had an idea that he wanted to get some fuel. The controller had a slightly different viewpoint. Was this an effective communication or a rhetorical point? Of course it wasn't. Marshal traffic, SNES-986, Bravo Charlie, we're at 4600, sorry, make that, 3,600 feet. We'll be landing on runway nine, heading down to 2,500 to fly over the field and then enter the downwind. That looks like we're on a left downwind here and we're 10 north. Anyone in the pattern there? Let us know. SNES-6, Bravo Charlie. I mean, Marshal traffic. I'm exhausted. I don't know about the rest of you, but as we like to say, nobody's ever completely worthless. They can always serve as a bad example. So that's what you have with this pilot. He's not trying to cause a problem here, but through difficulty, he's just not able to put it all together. So obviously, we want to be prepared before we talk. It increases your confidence. Did our friend here sound confident? No, not a bit. He was scared to death. Now there's two ways you can think about communication. Some people talk to think. We'll hear some of them on the radio. They're kind of formulating the words, but the thought process hasn't quite caught up to all of that. We would say that a better way to do it is to think first and then talk. Seems perfectly obvious. By the way, this approach to communications, people do communicate in different ways and in business, you will have some people who are talk to think. I fall into that category. And if I'm talking to a think-to-talk person, sometimes we don't get quite on the same wavelength.  They're thinking. They're processing, but they're not doing anything. Just a thought for you to consider as you go into business. Now, I believe it was Benjamin Franklin that said that we have two ears and one mouth and they ought to be used in about that proportion. Traffic, 415 Charlie, upper on the 45 for 5, right traffic. Right of traffic, system 5 to tango, final 5. That was down clear, runway 5. Traffic, system 7-5, hotel is only 5 mile, 45 for runway 5, reject. Traffic, Skyhawk, 666, Somzho, California, 6.5 mile, 45 for right downwind of 5, Frederick. Frederick traffic, Ocopter 4-2 Uniform is turning left base, left side, 0-5 Frederick. Traffic, 415 Charlie, upper on the downwind for right traffic, runway 5. Yeah, pretty sad to guess. Anybody in the pattern at the moment have said it? We don't make this stuff up, folks. That's how it actually happens on a Saturday morning. Now, what could we learn from this? Two ears, one mouth. That last, as you could tell, the frequency is pretty congested. This guy is taking up some pretty valuable airtime. We've got a lot of airplanes moving around there and he wasn't paying attention. So, people like to hear themselves talk. This is absolutely the worst place to be doing it. Now, we talk a lot about expectation, alright? And sometimes we can be a little biased in things that we hear. So, here we have a circumstance with two parallel runways. We've got the FBO right down here and we're thinking that we're probably going to get runway 17 right. Now, that makes perfect sense to me and I would hope that it would make sense to you. But listen here. Baron 563 Lima, taxi to runway 17 left. Taxi to runway 17 right, Baron 563 Lima. Baron 563 Lima runway 17 right is no time closed for construction. Taxi to runway 17 left, that's 17 left via taxiways. Bravo and echo. Has anybody ever had a problem where they were expecting one thing and got something completely different? I've had it happen a time or two and you've got to be really careful with that because you can get yourself into, shall we say, an unexpected situation. Obviously, you've heard this one before. There are a bunch of people whose names end in I that allow us to do a lot of the things that we have to do. What has every flight instructor in the world told you in terms of how the priorities should be set? Aviate, navigate and that's the last thing that you should be doing. And if you think about how all of this works, if you don't communicate, what's the worst thing that could happen most likely? You might get a surprise. Well, surprises in flying aren't always good, but it's usually not the end of the world unless you collide with somebody. So we'll hold that one aside. That's fairly unusual. So you might get a surprise. Suppose you fail to navigate. What happens then? You'll go to some place that you haven't been before and you'll make new friends. So that's not all together bad either, assuming you have enough fuel to do that, which brings us to the last one. What happens if you fail to aviate? All kinds of bad things happen there. So that is the point of this little diatribe, even though we're talking about communications. The number one cause of accident problems is distractions. We talk about the accident chain and how the links get put together. It's because we weren't focusing on the main thing. So let's take a look at a few common errors that we might have. Ever heard somebody start a conversation before keying the microphone? And you missed some pretty important stuff. I see some heads nodding up and down. Here's another one of my favorites right here and say, well, we feel the need for speed. Sturgis traffic, 1-2-5, Echo Fox, 5 miles north, overfly the field of 2,500 Sturgis. Now that doesn't just happen on the pilot side. Anybody ever had a controller that had maybe a little too much coffee? Gave you a lot of information in a very short period of time. That's problematic.  And one of them said, oh, you must be talking about the flight attendants we have these days. And I said, I'm not touching that one with a 10-foot pole. I didn't say that. Okay, that was somebody else. I'm just quoting.   I was flying up in the New England sector near Boston last month and there was a GA pilot. It wasn't particularly bad weather, but we were all in class bravo. And this guy missed three calls and the controller is pretty busy.  There was a long silence and then to 1 kilo said, Roger. And you could tell he had gotten the message. How many times have you had airplanes with similar call signs and heard or been one of the ones who took the clearance for the other airplane? Okay, that happens once in a while too and it can be really interesting as to what happens. Or somebody takes your clearance. You've been cleared down to 4,000 feet and the other guy says, why are you clearing me down to 4,000 feet? I said, 2,7,0. No, listen up. And while we're talking about call signs, when is it okay to abbreviate the call sign? Washington Center bonanza 7236 whiskey, 4,000. When should I start to abbreviate the call sign? After the controller abbreviates the call sign. If he comes back, 7236 whiskey, 3,000 milk altimeter 3025, I got to say 7236 whiskey. If he says 36 whiskey, then I'm good to go. Okay, how do we say some of these altitudes? Top one, 4.5, right? No. How about 4,500? No, wrong again. There's one correct way, 4,500. This next one is a little tougher. You won't often get up there in your Cessna 150 too often, but if you did, maybe in the updraft of a thunderstorm, what would you say then besides help? 1,010,500. The two altitudes that get messed up the most are 10,000 and 11,000. So good controllers and good pilots will put in the extra syllable there. So 1,010,500 or 1,010,000 if you're IFR is a very good way of doing it. Headings, you know how to say this one, right? 3,60. No. 3,60? No. 3,60. The last one for most of us, we won't see airspeeds like this and have the airplane still holding together. We might hear a lot of screaming in the background, but the correct pronunciation of this would be 250 knots. Details on how we want to do these things. The phonetic alphabet, Quebec or KBEC, which is it? KBEC, sure. Victor or Victor? Victor, believe it or not. Most pilots use the word niner even in normal conversation like, I'll meet you at niner o'clock. Sounds cool, you know? You don't hear too many of them say, well, I get off at five o'clock or I'll see you at three. The controllers will be using these kinds of communications because it cuts down on the miscommunication, if you will. It's okay. These are minor points. As far as the times that we get, I'm always confused about Zulu time. I'm always before, ahead or behind, but that's the time that ATC will always use. So if you know that's going to happen, you need to think about which time zone you're in and whether it's daylight time or standard time, write it on your clipboard so whatever they give you, then you've got it. Oh, one other thing. I put this in big yellow points. Annunciate. Have you ever talked to somebody on the radio who wasn't exactly clear in how they were speaking and I kind of slurred the words real quickly and it was hard enough with the radio not being very good anyway? It's very important to annunciate clearly.  It's good to use the king's English. Okay, so. How many times have you transmitted and not gotten any response whatsoever? I better see every hand in the room up, okay?  Squelch. What a wonderful term. When you were learning to fly, the instructor really explained to you about squelch. Huh? Can somebody tell me about squelch? What is it? Uh-huh. Nobody wants to talk about squelch. All right. Short course on squelch.  That's the knob that adjusts the sensitivity of the radio. If you have it adjusted too low, it's not sensitive enough.  What you want to do is to turn the knob until you hear a, and then you back it off just enough so that the background noise goes away. You've now adjusted the radio properly.  Guess what? It would sure be a good idea that we make sure that all the communications gear is set up the way you like it to have it. Now, a trick. We're talking about radio sensitivity. We're coming into a high-density airspace class bravo. We're landing at an airport. We really want to get the ATIS information. And guess what? We can't receive it because we're too far out and we know that when we get another 20 miles in, we're going to be handed off to approach control. They're going to want to know what the ATIS is and the frequency is going to get really, really busy. What you can do is to disable the squelch or turn the sensitivity up so that you get the background noise, but then you can hear the ATIS frequency and talking typically 20 to 30 miles farther out. Yeah, you got the background noise, but you can still hear what's going on. I use this constantly when I'm going into a busy area and it allows me to be heads up that much sooner. This would seem absolutely obvious, but I've gotten into an airplane, kind of fumbled around a little bit and then found out either somebody had turned the radio down. And the folks who designed the radios, they like to not put a marker on the knob as to where the audio is. It used to be they were painted in silver or white, but now it's just cool to be one color, black. And so I have no idea where that thing is set. Same way on my headset. I can have the radio cranked up all the way if I've got my headset turned down. The possibilities are endless. This one would seem also to be obvious. When you're dealing with 720 channels, is it possible to be a couple of decimal points off? Sure. Ever tuned to run frequency? Gave them your spiel and nobody was there? Oh, sure. And this one, this is one of my favorite, is it selected on the COM panel. Here's the COM panel and I like to call this the snake pit because there are so many buttons on it. Have you ever had a problem where you got into the airplane and nothing worked? Who's had that problem? Particularly if it's a rental aircraft or a club airplane and invariably the fool that was in you before was listening to the ball game, had the ADF cranked up and nothing else is working. So it's very important when you get in to get this all set up. Are we on COM 1 or are we on COM 2? It's very good the panel, it's designed by a PS Engineering. If I push this button here, I can monitor COM 2. I won't be transmitting on COM 2. Maybe I'm on ATC here and I'm going to push this one so I can listen to the ADIS after disabling the squelch so I can get it farther ahead. But then they say, okay, go ahead and change frequencies and I look up and say, okay, good, I'm ready to go on COM 2 and I haven't pushed this button, guess what? Approach is going to say, you're still on approach control frequency. I just told you to contact the tower. Marker beacons. How many of you have taken somebody flying on their first flight and you've flown over a middle marker or an outer marker at altitude and what do you hear? Beep, beep, beep. And the person next to you, their eyes get this big. It's, oh God, something bad is happening. It's bad enough with the outer marker. If you get to the middle marker, it's a higher pitch and it's going faster, something really bad is about to happen. You might think about disabling the marker beacons. However, if you're flying IFR and you need to hear those, let's make sure that's engaged. The mute button over here also on the marker beacons, you're flying down the ILS and the tone is going off and the controller is rippling at you. You'd like to hear that, you know where you are at this point. Reach over and hit the mute button. It all comes down to which button needs to be pushed at which time. So treat the COM panel like an absolute snake pit. Still other problems? Stuck microphones? Anybody ever been on the frequency when there's been a stuck mic? Sometimes it can be quite entertaining, can it? You hear people say all kinds of things that they ordinarily wouldn't think. Now in Washington, an open microphone is just an absolute invitation for the media to have a field day with you and people are telling jokes and so on and so forth. In our business, that happens, but it also tends to block up the entire frequency. On the newer radios, how do we know if we're transmitting? Usually we'll get a little TX next to the frequency, which tells us that. So when you're keying the mic or your mic button, it's always a good idea just to kind of scan over. Most of the time you'll see absolutely nothing and once it'll be you that has the hot mic and that wouldn't be the time to be telling jokes. Did I mention the wrong frequency before? I think I did. That's very important. And then finally, the ever-popular, well, the jack wasn't quite pushed in all the way. I can't hear, I can't talk, I can't do both, I can't do one or the other. Okay, quiz time. Lostcom, what's the transponder squawk? 7600 is right. Okay, this is one we don't want to have, but hijack code? 7500. If you were unable to get to the transponder, could you say that one verbally to the controller? Absolutely. You could say Washington Approach, transponder 7500. And they would know that something is going on. You might get a real nice close-up look at an F-16 at some point. Anything else? Other emergencies? 7700. 7700 are ever-popular. Okay, so here we have a circumstance. See what you think. We have to look carefully sometimes when they call traffic. The red doesn't show up quite so well, but you get the idea. Flight service. Flight service is really important for us in general aviation. This is our dispatch system. A lot of people, they think, well, once they got their instrument rating and so forth, I don't need to talk to flight service. Nothing could be further from the truth. Flight service can be a tremendous source of information for you. Obviously, we use it to get a pre-flight briefing or we'll get our briefing via computer. But then how many of you go through all of the nodems and read them and understand them? That's what I thought. We're working on a project with the FAA right now to get the length of nodems shortened down to maybe only 20 pages for a 50-mile flight. And so that's important. TFRs likewise. Maybe you don't use them for a pre-flight briefing. This is critical. In-flight updates. We see a tremendous number of accidents, weather-related accidents, where there is no record of contact once the airplane launched. They didn't get any updates on the weather. And one thing that you can be sure about with the weather is that it's going to change. Absolutely. Here's how you get to in-flight weather, the best kind. The call sign is FlightWatch. If you want to talk and file a flight plan, then you would be talking to Raleigh Radio. What's the common frequency for FlightWatch? 12020. Exactly. And there's the correct way to do that because that's a common frequency. You're flying along, you would say, if you knew which FlightWatch it was, you can call them by name. I seldom know where I am, so all I do is, you know, I'm 1,000 miles from wherever my destination is. That's the disadvantage of GPS these days. But you would say FlightWatch, Bonanza 7236, Whiskey, 20 West of Raleigh, 5,500. The appropriate FlightWatch then knows where you are and which transmitter to come back to you on, because they may be covering an area of several thousand square miles. So that's the correct way of doing that. On radio, we can use 122.0 and go from there. Remote communications, this is important. A lot of people don't know how to get a hold of FlightWatch if it's not a direct communications. Here we have an RCO right here and this would be the frequency and you would tell them that you are receiving Norman on 122.15 because the FlightWatch specialist has literally dozens and dozens of frequencies to respond. If you have a duplex frequency, now the R isn't for you. You will transmit on the R. They're listening on that and you'll have to turn up the volume on this side and punch the button so you can hear their response. Sounds very simple. You have to try at a time or two to see how it works. Automated weather, pretty good. The correct term is 1-minute weather. When we call in on approach, you sometimes get something like this. In fact, I don't even have a rental car, let alone a hotel. How many times have you heard people say, I have the numbers? That's not the right way of doing it. Which numbers do you have, by the way? I'm not sure which numbers you're talking about. The controller would like to know specifically the correct way is to use the code with information Foxtrot or just simply with Foxtrot. VFR flight following, lots of benefits to it. How to request it. One thing we didn't say, but this is something that every flight instructor has told you from the beginning. Who are you calling, who you are, where you are and what you want. Well, you can get into a circumstance in a very busy area where if you go through that litany, the controller's not going to be totally happy. So a better way rather than saying, Raleigh approach, Bonanza 7236 Whiskey, I'm about 20 miles west at 4,500. I just used up about 10 seconds of airtime and if he or she's busy moving people around, he's not going to be totally happy with me. As opposed to saying, Raleigh approach, Bonanza 7236 Whiskey, VFR request. He'll get back to you when he's ready and able. He may say, unable traffic advisories. Well, there's your answer right there. But this is a better, more professional way of dealing with it. When you want to stop, just tell him you want to stop. We'll go over to advisory frequency now or thanks very much, we'd like to terminate radar service. Whoa, where'd he come from? We have a tendency when we get into flight following to think, okay, I can kind of let down. I won't have to look outside as much. Nothing could be further from the truth if you are in VFR conditions and if you're getting VFR flight following, VFR conditions probably apply. And when they call a traffic at 3 o'clock, that is relative to your track, not your heading. So if you've got a 20 degree correction angle from whatever heading you happen to be on, the controller's call is going to be 20 degrees off from wherever you are. Only two responses that you want to give when they call traffic for you, either traffic in sight or negative contact. Tally Ho sounds kind of exciting, but it's a little dated. Pyreps, very quickly. Why are they great? How many times have you heard VFR not recommended, decided to go take a look, and it turned out to be a pretty good day? How many times have you had that happen? Wouldn't it be nice if somebody or a lot of somebodies had filed pyreps and said, hey, it's pretty good out here. It's kind of bad over by the mountains, but here along the shore everything looks great. Get that back into the system so other pilots can fly, and more importantly that the National Weather Service can update their forecasts. How many times has the opposite happened? You were told the weather's going to be pretty good, and woo, it turned out not to be so good. Pretty important to file a pyreps. If you're too busy to be able to file that pyreps while you're in the heat of battle, when you get down on the ground, call Flight Service and give them the pyreps right then and there. We have a new course that just came out last month called SkySpotter. Please take a look at it. I think you'll find it quite entertaining, and it'll tell you exactly what to do. Okay, we're getting close to the end here of time. There are three magic words that every pilot should know. One of them say what? What might we say instead? Huh? Is not a good response. Say again. And if it's one of our controllers who likes to do things really fast, tell him to say it again slower. Okay? He'll get the idea. If he has to repeat it four times, we've made our point, you didn't save any time by saying things fast. The same thing applies to us as pilots. I can almost tell a new pilot on the frequency because they're going through things just as fast as they can. Really good air traffic controllers will have a very measured pace. They will chunk the information so that people can follow it and so forth. The same thing applies to us. Number two, absolutely. Do you ever get stand-by from the controllers? All the time. They're busy with something that at the moment takes a higher priority. Remember what we said about our three priorities? There are going to be times when you're going to be busy with airplane, tell the controller, stand by.  Probably the controller is something important. Last one, very important. Unable. Very important. And that applies to weather. It applies to trying to get somebody on a frequency where nobody's there. You go back to the prior frequency and say that. Since we are out of time, I want to jump ahead because I have a very good example of something here that I want you to see. And I think it'll be beneficial here. It's a little bit farther. This looks promising. Okay. We've talked about some things to do. Let's talk about some things that we ought not to do. And I think you know what's coming here. A Boston approach, Piper 7-7 Uniform of the city of Brockton at about 2,500. I wanted to see if maybe I could get clearance in your class Bravo surface area so that I can do like a fly-by for my company Pegnic and Townsend Island out there in the harbor. What do you think his response is going to be when we talk about solar? Exactly so, unable. Here's another one. We talked about, how about this one? Omaha ground on just a 9 or 7-6 Bravo top up request taxi and some pattern work. Are we talking to think or are we thinking to talk here? We're talking to think. We haven't formulated our idea. This is a good one. Hello, Senator. 7-2-1 Alpha Papa checking in level 8,000. Well, we're checking in at 8,000. Now when you leave that frequency will you be checking out? It doesn't convey any useful information. Some people think it sounds pretty cool. To me it conveys that you're an amateur. Here's another one. And you'll hear some airline people do it as well. We have a retired airline pilot that works for us who was a bit of a stickler and he said if I ever heard any of my first officers use language like that they'd be filing my jet plates when we got back to the hotel rather than doing other fun things. Here's another favorite one. I'm so glad you're with us because we certainly wouldn't want you to be against us. Once again, no useful information conveyed kind of a funny thing. It just doesn't seem to add much. Here's one that you will hear at non-towered airports all the time. Well, don't take it far because we're going to need it back shortly. There's another airplane on short, final. You can say that you're departing whatever the runway is taking the active. Well, gee, I don't know what active is at non-towered airports. The active runway happens to be the one you're on. And finally, the one that has been so abused lately that it actually made top billing in that wonderful tome of the Far Aim book. By the way, how many of you have a current copy? How many have legacy copies? It's okay. You can raise your hand, but this one just takes the case. If you heard when we did the opening sequence at Frederick and so on and so forth, if all the airplanes in the pattern advised him of where they were even though they had already just done so, we'd have been 30 minutes with the frequency jammed up. So, this is just a quick look at some of the things that is available. I would also like to ask you instrument polygons that are available and I would also like to ask you instrument pilots did most of you or all of you get a thunderstorm communicating with ATC disc here just recently? Okay. Air Safety Foundation just sent out a CD on talking to ATC with thunderstorms. This is a critical item and if you fly IFR you need to watch this disc. If you didn't get it in the mail or a VFR pilot you're just interested to take a look at the website and take a look at the whole program. It runs about 45 minutes. The old story about the controller saying, well, my radar doesn't show much weather is no longer true. Every air traffic control radar in this country with just a couple of exceptions shows weather, okay, and it can be a tremendous help to you when you're flying either IFR or VFR and getting flight following. This is an additional website on our website that you can go to for more information. I've already overstayed my welcome. We'll take just a couple of questions here so if we can bring the lights up we'll do that. Questions, anybody? Yes, sir. When I was getting my instrument rating I was taught to use the phrase with you at 5,000. So what phrase has replaced that? Nothing. Don't say with you. The proper check-in, I'm not faulting you. Your flight instructor did exactly what he was taught. It was taught by her flight instructor prior to that and so on and so forth. The proper way to talk to any particular center would be Miami Center, Bonanza 7236 Whiskey, 4,000. That's all you have to say. They know you're with them because you wouldn't be on the frequency otherwise. Or checking in. They know you're checking in. That's why you're there. You've been a wonderful audience. Thanks so much. This is AOPA Day. Please join us over at the Big Yellow tent just off here at about my four o'clock position that has nothing to do with heading. I think it's track and I'll be doing a little discussion here in about an hour talking about technologically advanced aircraft and safety and there's some good things about these airplanes and there's some other things that we probably ought to talk a little bit more about. So if you get a chance, we'll be right over. Thanks very much. Fly safe.


All right, good Tuesday morning, everyone. We are on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange with Jim Kramer to break down all of today's market action. Jim, let's start with Amazon hitting $1,000 a share. Well, look, I mean, I think that these are things that people are going to say, well, wait a second. Enough is enough. This has happened many times when Amazon hit 500, I remember it. I will say that Amazon split. Here's the key thing about Amazon. It has tremendous momentum. So what happens is that people gravitate to what can do well at a period when it looks like Washington is deadlocked at a period when it looks like the GDP is not growing. And Amazon is growing in spite of that. So you can see the money going toward Amazon, a couple of the top Nasdaq stocks. It's significant from the point of view that there will be people who say, enough is enough. I'm not one of them. All right. In actual alerts plus holding, Alphabet is flirting with $1,000. Now, Alphabet, I think that is people starting to recognize that Waymo is for real. There was an evaluation of $70 billion for Waymo. Waymo is the self-driving car that is well in the lead. We do not have numbers for how engagement, which is the key fact if you go to the Department of just Google California Department of Motor Vehicles, driverless cars, or engagement and disengagement. And you will see where Waymo is and why people are so excited about Waymo. Don't forget that Mark Fields lost his job in part because he had fallen behind at Ford. That's one of another reason why you're going to see a lot of people partner with Waymo. They happen to think that search is doing well. But again, there is a surge of money into the top 10 of NASDAQ. And I'm not overlooking that as being something that is worrisome if it continues. If only because it reminds us of other eras where we just had about 50 stocks doing well. The Nifty, 50. Bruce Kamich is, and I were talking about this, Bruce Kamich is acutely aware. He's a fabulous technician. Just be careful. It's the beginning of what I would say is too much of a bifurcated market. But I'm going to be working on this because there are other stocks that are doing well. But it's just something to keep an eye on when you have Amazon and Alphabet just continually going up along with NVIDIA and a couple of other names. All right. Now, Action Alerts Plus holding Apple is reportedly working on an artificial intelligence chip. Interesting. I mean, you would think that if that's the case, NVIDIA, which is by far the leader of artificial intelligence chips, would be down. But people are just saying, I guess there's either room for more or that Apple's too far away to impact NVIDIA. All right. A merger on this Tuesday and SCOBE acquiring Apple? I think this is important because it's a billion-dollar deal and at a 25% premium is because we've all been waiting for another round. For instance, we own Slumberger for Action Alerts and it's been a disappointment. We sold some much higher. It's come back down. It is tempting to buy some more, but oil looks like it's headed to 45. That's my forecast. But Slumberger, it had a big movement about camera. I need to see more consolidation in this business. Now, GE, if it finished Baker U, is we thought that they would do some consolidating, but all that I can tell you is there's way too many companies in the oil service business. There's way too many oil companies and they better start consolidating because oil is just not profitable enough at $45. All right. Let's talk about AutoZone downgraded at WebBush but upgraded at Goldman? Yeah. I think Goldman's going to have more sway. I mean, AutoZone had a bad quarter. The new normal is that it looks like it's going to be minus for a while. I expected more from AutoZone. But one of the things that there was a double threat to AutoZone. One was the comp stores down. But the other was that Amazon is going to move aggressively in auto parts. I think people are feeling a little more, you know, a little less gloomy about the idea that Amazon might move in a little more positive. If that's the case, look, it's Snap-on. Snap-on is the stock we own for Action Alerts. It has been, it had a great quarter. The stock shot up to 170s, but it's been going down with AutoZone and O'Reilly. Look for some stability in that name, perhaps. We've bought some down here. No need to buy more. Wetbush also downgrading Buffalo Wild Wings? Yeah, no, that's an interesting downgrade. Because what that's saying is, is that neither Mercado, which is the company that's the insurgent. I remember we got the big corporate governance conference coming up on Monday. So I'm following all these insurgents. They have a plan in Buffalo Wild Wings Management as a plan. It's a proxy fight. But what the Wetbush note says is that it doesn't matter. Neither is that good. Rather amazing, given the fact that some of these restaurant chains are doing quite well. And I wouldn't, look at Red Robin, McDonald's, Wendy's, restaurant brands. These are all doing quite well. So it's not like every restaurant's doing badly. Darden being the best example of just a stock that continues to levitate. So I think that there is a hope for management to try to figure out Buffalo Wild Wings. And I'm not as negative as that notice. All right. And then we talked about chips earlier, but on Maddash and Squawk in the street, you talked about Micron. Yeah, no, this is important. We'll probably let, you know, look. Micron is the most controversial stock of the tech stocks that are going up because it makes a commodity chip. I've been saying the commodity T-Ran chip and Flash are a little stronger than people expected. They have heard a lot of the companies that buy HP, talked about it last week, although I like HP. And I think that should be bought. But I would, a lot more than Stanley thought that Micron, that it would be rolling over right now because there'd be more capacity coming on. It hasn't come on. And if you take a look, this call is igniting analog devices. It's igniting Texas Instruments analog devices. They have nothing to do with each other, but Micron is a key component of the stocks. And the sense is that the semis have another leg here. I wouldn't get in front of the semis on the short side. I do think analog is probably one of the cheaper ones. I like that. All right. And we'll end, Jim, as we always do with earnings to watch. Hewlett-Packard Enterprise, an actual arts name. Yeah. I mean, look, I mean, it's kind of fish and cuppa. Meg Whitman said last time, this will be the quarter. We're really organized. We really got it together. I don't know. We have a small position for action alerts. I very much want to see this stock move, or else if it doesn't move, it's small. Maybe it's time to move on. I'm not sure yet. And what are you expecting from Palo Alto Networks? Well, Palo Alto, look, it's a very controversial group, this cyber, cyber. The cyber stocks have been under a lot of pressure, with the exception of ProofPoint. We have a ton of cybersecurity companies speaking at the Corporate Governance Conference on Monday. I think the group is under pressure because there is so much competition and not enough order. So I would say, Palo Alto, I like ProofPoint best. ProofPoint, we're going to hear from them at the conference, which is going to be a very good conference. We are looking forward to that. And we also want to talk about your garden. We know you had a very busy weekend gardening. Some people are saying, what is that in the front of the garden? It is lavender. What are all the baskets for? They are for my tomatoes. I have to do that. Some people are going to say that the tomatoes are too close. Let me tell you, I've had a good and prodigious harvest every year with that close nature because they do grow to the sky. And it's my fence deer proof. We have a second fence. Nothing's ever totally deer proof. But the deer do not like to get caught in a small enclosure, which is my bet. So I absolutely, of course, am worried. I had a deer in my garden seven years ago. It is a major focus of me, but the yellow and red and blue baskets by the Hampton Bay's nursery, which is fantastic, I think are going to make it so my tomato crop will be a fantastic one. But you're always at the cross your fingers because any sort of storm, late frost, and my whole summer will be in jeopardy. Thank you. We love when you post pictures of your garden on Twitter. Yeah, I was very muted this week. I need a little sun to come before we really start seeing something grow, particularly my beans, from seed. Well, summer is about to start. All right, Jim Kramer, thank you so much. And for more information on the stocks Jim mentioned, please head back to TheStreet.com.


Studying Romeo and Juliet Here's how you can analyse Act 1, Scene 5, when Tybalt first sees Romeo at the Capulet Ball Lord Capulet welcomes everyone to the party and this exclamatory sentence sets a positive mood Romeo then spots Juliet. He doesn't know who she is but he instantly falls in love. This is shown here through the ambit pentameter Tybalt instantly recognises Romeo's voice and this metaphor here as well as this rhetorical question shows he wants to start fighting Romeo Tybalt then tells Lord Capulet uncle this is a Montague affo, here we can see in the caesura he is extremely angry Yet Lord Capulet doesn't want him to do anything, he says Verona brags of him This personification shows that Lord Capulet believes Romeo has a good reputation in Verona Lord Capulet orders Tybalt to be quiet and the repetition of quiet shows he doesn't want him to disturb the peace Tybalt obeys Lord Capulet, however the rhyming couplet here as well as the oxymoron shows that he's not going to let this go This foreshadows when he starts a fight later on and he speeds up the tragedy in the play


The title of our sermon this morning is Jealous and Jealous Love from 2 Corinthians chapter 11 verses 1 through 6, Jealous and Jealous Love. As we consider this text together, it seems that dire circumstances, difficulty, has frequently bestowed the church at Corinth. In its relatively short history since the church has been planted, the church has been plagued by sin, immaturity, division, discord, disunity, strife, contention, sexual immorality, idolatry, unbiblical understandings of marriage, unbiblical understandings of Christian liberties, unbiblical understandings of spiritual gifts, unbiblical understandings of eschatology, problems surrounding the Lord's Supper, problems with the role of women in the church, and unwillingness to deal with the sin, biblically to deal with sin in the church, and unwillingness to practice church discipline, a relationship with the Apostle Paul that at times could best be described as estranged. But of all the problems that this church has had to face, there is no greater threat in Corinth than the cancerous plague that has gained a foothold among them as Paul penns this text. Paul's teachers have invaded the church. They have portrayed themselves as apostles or sent one to the Lord Jesus Christ, but Paul says they're preaching another Jesus whom we have not preached. They claim that their ministry is the ministry that is fueled by the Spirit of God, and yet Paul says that they have a different spirit. They preach what they profess to be the gospel, the good news of salvation by grace alone, through faith alone, and the Lord Jesus Christ alone, and yet Paul says they're preaching a different gospel. These men who have infiltrated the church, these intruders, these usurpers, they don't look like serpents. They don't look like dragons. They don't sound like snakes. They don't come looking and smelling like wolves. Paul says in verse 13 that they are deceitful workers. They're deceptive, sowing their deception among the people in the church at Corinth, transforming themselves, Paul says, into angels of light. They presume to be doing the Lord's work. In verse 15 they are ministers of Satan who transform themselves into ministers of righteousness. So cunning, so conniving, so convincing is their deceit that many in the churches of Galatia were made to stumble by these same deceivers. In Galatians 3 verse 1 Paul says, he cries out to them, oh foolish Galatians, who has bewitched you that you should not obey the truth. That's what it is to believe the lie of these false teachers. Who has bewitched you that you should not obey the truth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was clearly portrayed among you as crucified. And though many in Corinth have already made shipwreck of their faith, Paul writes to those remaining in verse 3, but I fear, lest somehow as the serpent deceived Eve by his craftiness, so your minds may be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ. Paul's not ultimately concerned that the false teachers in Corinth are going to rob them of their joy in Christ, though that certainly will be the case. Paul's not ultimately concerned that these people in Corinth are going to lack assurance, or that they're going to lose their hope, or lack hope, or that they're going to lack peace, though that will certainly be the case. Paul's concern is apostasy. Paul's concern is that they will fall away from the faith, that they will turn from the faith that was once for all delivered to the saints, chasing after another Jesus, another gospel, another spirit, sinning willfully after receiving a knowledge of the truth, Hebrews chapter 10 verse 26, trampling the Son of God under foot, counting the blood of the covenant, by which he was sanctified a common thing and insulting the spirit of grace, and facing forever the fire of God's righteous indignation, which will devour his adversaries. Paul's concern is apostasy.  Paul's concern is that they will turn away from the Lord Jesus Christ forever. It is heart-wrenching when someone you love steps onto the path of apostasy, when someone that you have served with, that someone that you have prayed for, when someone that you have shed tears over, when someone that you've been evangelizing with, that you've fellowshiped with, that you had over to your house for lunch, like someone that you have served the Lord with. It is heart-wrenching when that one forsakes the faith very often at the beginning of that process, the beginning of that fall, it doesn't look like a headlong plunge into sin, it doesn't come across that way, it doesn't begin that way. It often begins with a simple change in their thinking, often begins with a seemingly simple thought, a curiosity, a scruple. It often begins with just a simple change, what would appear to be a simple change in their theology, the way that they think, a subtle step away from the truth as it is in Christ and a step toward error. Most often, overwhelmingly often, the battle that we are fighting is not a battle with a personal demon, as the Charismatics would say. Be sure that it is satanically charged, but Paul says in chapter 10 verse 5 that it's an argument, it's a thought, it's a battle for our mind in the beginning. He says we do not war according to the flesh, it's a thought, it's a reason, it's an excuse, it's an excuse, it's a justification, it's a scruple, it's a presumptuously high thing that exalts itself against the knowledge of God, that's what it is. In other words, it's a lie, it's a lie, and specifically it's a lie about him. It exalts itself against the knowledge of God, it's a lie. Plausible, comes across sounding very reasonable, doesn't it? Pleasing to the ear maybe, something they want to believe, because there's an agenda behind it. May have the scent of something true about it, they may claim grace is behind it. Smooth, flattering, simple, desirable to make one wise, right? Has God indeed said that you shall not eat of every tree in the garden? The serpent asked Eve. Has God indeed said that there isn't anything that you can hold on to and still call yourself a disciple of the Lord Jesus Christ?  Has God indeed said or has God indeed said that Christ has accomplished it all? And that it's all of grace, all that's required of me is faith, and even that is a gift of God? Has God indeed said that? No, certainly, certainly, right? If I don't do that thing, then I'm not acceptable to him, right? And if I do it, if I do it, well then I must be acceptable. Subtle lies. And soon enough, soon enough they take that fire into their bosom, whether it's legalism or licentiousness, they take that fire into their bosom, imagining that they won't be burned by it. And Paul cries out all fools, foolish Corinthians. I fear that if someone preaches to you another Jesus, or a different spirit, or a different gospel, you may well put up with it. You might very well become bewitched with the lie. So what we see in 2 Corinthians chapter 11, verses one through six, is the ache of Paul's heart for these dear people in Corinth. There are, as he writes this text, people that he's preached the gospel to, people that he knows, that are being led astray by these presumptuous, wicked, deceitful false apostles. They're being led off into sin and error. They're making shipwreck of their faith.  He has a jealous and a zealous love for the Lord's people, a jealous and a zealous love for these people. He's labored among them, preaching the gospel, pleased to impart to them not only the gospel of God, Paul says to the Thessalonians, but his own life also because they had become dear to him. And he said, as he said to the Galatians, he's afraid for them, unless he might have labored for them in vain. And so Paul has to take action. He has to take action. He must address the false teachers, the church themselves. They must address the false teachers. But as much as Paul will be going to war against the arguments of the false teachers, Paul will also be fighting for the hearts and minds of the Corinthians themselves. There are false teachers in Corinth, just like there are false teachers today, everywhere you look. So Iraq, you'll hit one. Just as there are false teachers, lies and deceptions in Corinth, there are false teachers, lies and deceptions in our day. But the weakness, do you see? The weakness lies within the hearts and minds of the people who are being seduced. These dear brothers and sisters in Corinth, the church being seduced by false teachers. So Paul's strategy over the next two chapters, as he lays out his strategy, he plans to attack, so to speak. Not only will he be defending his own ministry, not only will he be speaking out against false teachers who have infiltrated the church, but Paul's strategy will have the effect of exhorting the Corinthians themselves, exhorting them to hold fast to the truth, to labor for the truth, to stand for the truth, to pour contempt on the lie, to remain steadfast and faithful to our betrothed, our bridegroom. Paul announces this strategy with both a hope and a command in verse one. Paul announces this strategy with a hope and with a command in verse one. He begins with this hope, verse one. Oh, Corinthians, all that you would bear with me in a little folly, all that you would endure with me in a little foolishness, Paul says. And, that's the hope, and in the New King James, indeed you do bear with me. Now, once again, the ESV in verse one gets it right. Translating this not as an indicative, not as a statement of fact, indeed you do bear with me, but translating it as an imperative or as a command. Paul commands them, so bear with me then. Bear with me. He gives them then three reasons why they should. Oh, that you would bear with me, the little folly. So, bear with me, Corinthians. And he gives them three reasons why they should. Each one of those reasons indicated by the little preposition four at the beginning of the verse. Bear with me four or because verse two. I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. I want for your spiritual good, Paul says. I'm laboring for your eternal benefit. Bear with me. Bear with me four because verse four. Bear with me, Corinthians, because if a false teacher comes alone, you might lack the discernment or the will to do anything about it. In fact, you've already been tolerant of their lives. In fact, you've already allowed them in the front door of your house, and you're not doing anything about it now. So, Corinthians, bear with me in a little folly as I defend this ministry to you. Bear with me four because verse five. I am not inferior as I am accused of being. I am an apostle of the Lord Jesus Christ. I do preach the true gospel. This is a ministry of the Lord, and you should be listening to the message that I preach. So, Paul announces his strategy and he gives them three reasons why they should bear with him in it. So, what is the strategy then? What is the strategy? What are the Corinthians being asked to bear? Paul calls it in verse one a little folly, a little foolishness. Theologians have called it the fool's speech. That speech is beautifully and rather sarcastically set up for us in verse 16. Look down in verse 16. He sets up the speech in verse 16.  If otherwise, at least receive me as a fool. You've already received these other fools.  That I also may boast a little. Paul is about to boast. Verse 17, what I speak, I speak not according to the Lord, but as it were foolishly in this confidence of boasting, seeing that many boast according to the flesh, I also will boast. Paul is compelled now to boast. False teachers in court have already gained a deadly influence through their lies, through their own boasting. They boast of their reputation, right? They boast of their association. They boast of their vain accomplishments, all that they have done. They boast of their eloquence. They boast of their ability. They boast of their authority. They boast of their commendation. They boast of the people that they know. And Paul says, seeing that they boast and they boast in this way to gain your favor, then I also will boast. Listen, Corinthians, if it takes this to gain your favor, then listen, I'll humble myself. I'll crawl through broken glass. I'll boast to gain your favor. Why, Paul? Why would you do this? Why would you pursue this strategy? Why are you compelled to boast? Look at verse 19. Because, Corinthians, you put up with fools gladly, since you yourselves are wise. For you put up with it if one brings you into bondage. That's what the false teachers are doing. That's what false teaching does. That's what error and lies do. They bring you into bondage.  Paul is putting it in plain words, isn't he? This is what the false teachers are doing. Verse 21, two hours shame. I say that we were too weak for that, but in whatever anyone is bold, I speak foolishly. I am bold also. And so, I too, Paul says, I too, to win you for the Lord, I too will boast. And then Paul launches into his fool's speech in verse 22. In 1 Corinthians, chapter 9, verse 20, Paul says, I became a Jew to win Jews, right? As one under the law, to win those who are under the law and so on.  So please, Corinthians, please, Corinthians, tongue planted in cheek. Please, Corinthians, bear with me in a little folly. Bear with me in a little folly. In doing this, Paul's really living with attention of Proverbs, chapter 26, verses four and five. Proverbs, chapter 26, verses four and five. Listen to this. Verse four, do not answer a fool according to his folly, lest you also be like him.  Well, which one is it, right? Which one is it?  The wisdom is how you apply the tension of those two together. In other words, the wisdom in applying the proverb lies in the tension between these two truths. Whatever direction you take with a fool is a dangerous endeavor. Whatever direction you decide to take is fraught with peril. Answer him to take him down a notch or two, but answer him and you may end up just like him. The Corinthians have forced Paul into this absurd predicament. They have welcomed false teachers. They're running unchecked. These false teachers running unchecked in the church, many are being led away by their error. They have repeatedly spurned Paul, disrespected him, refused to hear him, and so Paul now doesn't appear to him that he has any choice at all.  He'll stoop to their level if he has to. And in Paul's heart and mind, their eternal well-being is worth it. The state of their soul is worth it. Sometimes it takes crawling through broken glass on your hands and knees to plead with someone to turn from their sin. Out of love for their soul, you do it, don't you? You do it. You'll humble yourself, won't you? If you love that person, Paul says, I'm going to do it. I am fighting for your soul. Paul says, in chapter 12, verse 19, Paul asked, do you think we excuse ourselves to you? In other words, this is not for me. This is not to boost my reputation. I'm not boasting for my own namesake. We speak before God in Christ. With God as my witness, he says we do all things beloved for your edification. Why does Paul do it? Why does he continue to crawl through broken glass on his hands and knees and sweat and toil for these people? Same to himself, right? The more that I love you, even though the more I love you, the less I'm loved. Verse two, he gives us the answer. Because, verse two, I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. For I have betrothed you to one husband that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ. Calvin, commenting on his text, said this. He says of Paul, mark why it is that he acts the fool. For jealousy hurries a man that were headlong. Paul says, do not demand that I should show the calm temper of a man that is at ease and not excited by any emotion. For that vehemence of jealousy with which I am inflamed toward you does not suffer me to be at ease. You ever felt that jealousy in your service to the Lord's people here? You ever felt that jealousy about someone? They begin to turn into error and jealous emotion is inflamed for them in your heart and mind such that you begin to pursue them with a vehemence of jealousy that will not suffer you to be at ease out of love for that person. It is a jealous and jealous love. Not just that they're leaving the church because of a disagreement. Oftentimes it goes far beyond that. They're leaving the church in error. They're on the path to apostasy. They've begun trailing long ago. They've been trailing. People have poured themselves out talking to them, poured themselves out praying for them. They've interceded and talked and pled and now the time has come and they're leaving. Does that vehemence of jealousy take hold of your heart and mind because you know where they're headed? It doesn't suffer us to be at ease. We've ever felt that jealousy in your service to the Lord's people here. Jealous for them, zealous toward them because their soul matters because of love. There is a kind of ungodly jealousy, a sinful jealousy that moves someone to zealous action. We know that. It's motivated by self-love, motivated by selfishness, by self-indulgent ends. It is self-centered. Terminate on self. You'll find this jealousy in the sin list of Galatians chapter 5 verse 20. James says that where this jealousy is, same word, and self-seeking exists confusion and every evil thing are there. Strife, contention, discord, disunity, discontentment, despair, selfishness. This kind of jealousy is fueled by covetousness, fueled by envy and rivalry and discontentment. When the Bible calls us the contentment, amen. This jealousy, though, that Paul's talking about in verse 2, he describes as a godly jealousy. It's not a sinful jealousy here. It's a godly jealousy. Literally in the Greek, Paul says, I am jealous with the jealousy of God. It's a jealousy that finds its source in God. The jealousy that Paul is experiencing is like God's own holy jealousy. It has substance in common with God's own jealousy. So what does Paul mean by that? What does God's jealousy look like? Well, it's an interesting question to think about. What does God's jealousy look like? How is it that God describes himself as a jealous God? We know from the Bible that God is not excited or doesn't respond to circumstances moved by an emotional response. God is immutable. God is unchanging. There is no variation or shadow of turning with God. God does not change. Our statement of faith explains that God is without body, parts, or passions. He is then impassable. He does not change. He does not move acted upon by some external force moving upon him. God is immutable. In other words, he doesn't experience emotional responses or emotional changes. Malachi chapter 3 verse 6 says that this is for our good. For I, the Lord, do not change. Therefore you, O children of Jacob, are not consumed. If God were given to passions, how long would we last? Who could stand before him? The Lord does not change. There is no variation or shadow of turning with God. The language in the Bible for emotional responses in God are called anthro-popaphisms. Anthro-popaphisms, compound word. From anthropocs meaning man and pathos meaning suffering or emotion. Anthropopathisms. It's language to help us to understand. It's language that helps us understand. One has said that we can no more contain God in our language than you can contain the ocean and the thimble. He is not comprehensible through our language, and he's not limited by our language. The language in the Bible is accommodated to our weakness so that we can understand. That's why the Bible uses anthro-poporphisms. Anthropost meaning man, morphe meaning form in the form of man. So when the Bible talks about God having an arm or an outstretched hand or a backside in the case of Moses, it's an anthropomorphism to help us understand. All that to say is that when the Bible speaks of God's jealousy, it's not speaking in terms of a human responsive emotion. When the pagans at Lystra wanted to worship Paul and Barnabas, in Acts chapter 14 verse 15, Paul cries out to them, men, why are you doing these things? We also are men with the same pathase, passions, same word, same pathase as you. In other words, God is not subject to passions. God is not subject to emotions like we are. He is of a different nature altogether, not like you or I. Isaiah chapter 46 verse 9, God says, for I am God. There is no other. I am God, and there is none like me. So what does it mean that God is jealous? And what does it mean that Paul is jealous for them with a godly jealousy? Well, one key to help us understand is found in Exodus chapter 20. In Exodus chapter 20, in the giving of the law, the 10 words, the 10 commandments, right, the Lord says there in Exodus chapter 20 in verse 4, he says, you shall not make for yourself a carved image, any likeness of anything that is in heaven above or that is in the earth beneath or that is in the water under the earth, you shall not bow down to them nor serve them because I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, a jealous God. Exodus chapter 34 verse 14, he says that his very name is jealous. That jealousy tied up in no other worship but mine, right. I, God says, am worthy of worship, you shall not bow down nor serve an idol, a graven image. Deuteronomy chapter 4 verse 23.  So what does it mean when God describes himself as jealous?  He does not permit the worship of idols, he does not permit the worship of carved images, no matter what Catholic form or shape they take. He does not permit the worship of idols, he does not permit idols in worship because he alone is God. He is said to be jealous in the sense that he expects full devotion, full commitment to him alone. He will not share his glory with another. Isaiah chapter 42 verse 8. I am the Lord, that is my name, and my glory I will not give to another, nor my praise to carved images. Worship belongs to the Lord our God. So through the law, then God commands through the law, God maintains, protects, preserves what is rightly his. God's jealousy, godly jealousy is that which demands what rightly belongs to him alone, and that brothers and sisters is for his glory certainly, but for our good, for our good. It's with this kind of godly jealousy that Paul makes his statement in 2 Corinthians chapter 11 verse 2, where Paul says, for I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. In other words, Paul is saying to the church there, he says to us, I am out to protect you, preserve, maintain, and to guard what is right and good and true about you. I am jealous for you to be fully devoted, fully committed to the Lord Jesus Christ, not half-hearted, not nominal, not lacking commitment, not lukewarm. I am zealous for you to be fully devoted, fully committed to the Lord Jesus Christ, put away the idols of your heart, stop flirting with false teachers. Paul is saying worship God alone, worship Christ alone. Why? Why? For because I have betrothed you to one husband that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ. We have no other acceptable suitors. Amen? God alone is worthy of our worship. That's really interesting here to note the language, right? Notice the language that he uses to communicate this jealousy. Paul himself, Paul is a man given to passion. That's what he's saying in Acts 14. Paul is mutable. Unlike God, there is a sense in which Paul is responding emotionally to his circumstances. He is moved by a vehement jealousy, by an excited emotion here, but it's a godly jealousy. That jealousy also comes attached to Paul's emotional response. And when we think about it in terms of our own understanding of this, we see the reason why. Husbands, husbands, if you knew that your wife was being courted by another man, if he made his intentions obvious, he was pursuing her behind your back, bad mouthing you along the way, undermining you along the way. And then you found out that she was entertaining his overtures. She was entertaining him. You saw her smiling, that smile when he was around, batting her eyes at him like she used to do with you. Imagine your wife. Imagine that.  Because of his influence. Her love and devotion to you, her husband, beginning to grow cool. Beginning to show signs of a lack of commitment. Beginning to show signs of a lack of devotion to you, her husband, her loyalty being divided. Would you not sense a vehement and righteous jealousy? If you don't, or if you wouldn't, that's another problem. Another conversation. Listen, that is the jealousy that the bridegroom has for his bride. Ephesians, chapter five, verse 25. Paul says this, husbands, love your wives, how men, just as, just as Christ also loved the church and gave himself for her, that he might sanctify and cleanse her with the washing of water by the word, that he might present her to himself a glorious bride, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing, but that she should be holy and without blemish. The church is the bride of the Lord Jesus Christ. And he loves her with a jealous love. He loves her with a jealous love. Isaiah, chapter 54, verse five. Prophet says your maker is your husband. The Lord of hosts is his name. Your redeemer is the Holy One of Israel. He is called the God of the whole earth. For the Lord has called you like a woman forsaken and grieved in spirit, like a youthful wife when you were refused, says your God. He didn't take you in because you were worthy, didn't take you in because you were beautiful. He called you as a woman forsaken. The Lord is the one who addresses us like a loving and faithful husband. The Lord addresses us that way. The Lord cares for us. He provides for us. He protects us. He redeems us from the filth of our own sin and calls us his own. There is no husband who has done more for his bride. He gave himself for her in death to win her, to pay her debt, to cleanse her, to wash her in his own blood, and then he calls her to come to me and I will give you rest. No husband has ever done more for his bride. This is why the idolatry of his people, this is why the cool commitment, the cooling devotion, this is why half-hearted religion, why moralistic ritualism, why formalism is so disgusting in the sight of God, is an abomination in the sight of God. This is why the idolatry of his people is considered harlotry, whoredom, fornication, uncleanness, and adultery. Will you find your satisfaction in another? Will you entertain their entreaties? Will you defile yourself with lust for another? Will you give access to the marriage bed of your heart and play the harlot? Turn with me to Ezekiel chapter 16. Ezekiel chapter 16. When we depart the living God, the Lord Jesus Christ, for the passing trinkets of this world, when we entertain idolatry in our heart and our mind, when we fabricate the God of our own imagining, a different Jesus, a different spirit, a different gospel, we are committing adultery against our maker who is our husband. We are playing the harlot against our bridegroom, the Lord Jesus Christ, if you claim to have been saved by him. And that's painted for us. That picture is painted for us in Ezekiel chapter 16. Look at verse 1. Again, the word of the Lord came to me saying, Son of man, cause Jerusalem to know her abominations and stay. Thus says the Lord God to Jerusalem. Your birth, your nativity are from the land of Canaan. Your father was an amorite.  As for your nativity on the day you were born, your naval cord was not cut, nor were you washed in water to cleanse you. You were not rubbed with salt nor wrapped in swaddling cloths.  But you were thrown out into the open field where when you yourself were loathed on the day that you were born. In other words, you have no ethnic heritage to speak of. You have nothing with which to commend yourself.  And God says in verse 6, when I passed by you saw you struggling in your own blood, I said to you in your blood live. Yes, I said to you in your blood live. I made you thrive like a plant in the field and you grew matured and became very beautiful.  When I passed by you again and looked upon you, indeed your time was for the time of love.  Yes, I sworn oath to you and entered into a covenant with you and you became mine, says the Lord God. Then I washed you in water.  I clothed you in embroidered cloth, gave you sandals of badger skin. I clothed you with fine linen, covered you with silk. I adorned you with ornaments, put bracelets on your wrists and a chain on your neck.  Thus you were adorned with gold and silver. Your clothing was a fine linen silk and embroidered cloth. It wasn't that these things added value to her. It was that the Lord God Almighty bestowed that favor upon her. It's because of God that she was valued in this way. Because God chose to love her. He says you were exceedingly beautiful, succeeded to royalty. Your fame went out among the nations because of your beauty, for it was perfect through my splendor, which I'd bestowed on you, says the Lord God. But what did she do? She failed to trust in God. She entertained Paramours. She played the harlot. She became an adulterous. Verse 15, you trusted in your own beauty, played the harlot because of your fame and poured out your harlotry on everyone passing by who would have it. You took some of your garments adorned multicolored high places for yourself and played the harlot on them. Such things should not happen nor be. You have also taken your beautiful jewelry from my gold, from my silver, which I had given you, made for yourself male images and played the harlot with them. You took your embroidered garments, covered them. You set my oil and my incense before them. Also my food, which I gave you. The pastry of fine flour, oil and honey, which I fed you. You set it before them as sweet incense and so it was, says the Lord God.  Were your acts of harlotry a small matter that you have slain my children and offered them up by causing them to pass through the fire?  And the Lord goes on and on and on. Brothers and sisters, we are betrothed to the bridegroom. He is worthy of our entire devotion. He is worthy of our full commitment, heart, soul, mind and strength. Don't play the harlot with presumed adulterers. Don't play the harlot with other paramours. Don't give entreaty to their claims upon you. Don't listen to their lies. Clean to the bridegroom. Clean to truth. Paul says, I'm jealous for you with a godly jealousy for I betrothed you to one husband that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ. It's interesting that language in verse two, right? Paul, in verse two, back in 2 Corinthians 11, Paul isn't saying or presuming that he himself is playing the jilted husband. He's not the jilted husband in this metaphor, right? It's as if Paul here sees himself in the role of the father of the bride. Paul says, I'm the one who has betrothed you. I'm the one who's betrothed you to one husband that I might present you as a chaste virgin to Christ. He's playing the role of the father of the bride. The reason for his jealousy is that he has betrothed her to one husband. That's the reason for his jealousy. Paul sees the Corinthians as his own spiritual children. He's invested in them and he sees the Corinthians as the bride of Christ. 1 Corinthians chapter 4 verse 15, Paul says to them, for though you might have 10,000 instructors in Christ, yet you do not have many fathers, for in Christ Jesus I have begotten you through the gospel. Paul sees himself as the father of the bride. It's fascinating the use of singular and plural pronouns here in verse two also. He says in verse two, I am jealous for you plural. I'm jealous for each one of you with a godly jealousy, for I have betrothed you, plural, each one of you, to one husband that I may present you singular as a chaste virgin singular to Christ. The body of Christ is the bride of Christ made up of her members, each individual member making up the body, but that body is presented to the Lord as a chaste virgin singular to the church is the bride of Christ. All those redeemed in Christ are the church. All those redeemed in Christ are the bride of Christ singular, that bride presented as a chaste virgin to her betrothed, to Christ. It's interesting in the Old Testament, New Testament times, betrothal, betrothal was a formal contract. It was a contract for marriage. And in betrothal, a young woman passed out from under her father's authority to be under the authority of her new husband. We see that today enacted in a marriage ceremony, don't we? When the father walks his daughter down the aisle and the one officiating the ceremony says, who gives this woman to be married? It's the father who gives his daughter's hand in marriage. We see that enacted in the marriage ceremony. He takes her hand and he places her hand in the hand of her new husband. She's passing out from under the authority of her father to be under, to be subject to the authority of her husband. In the betrothal period, the couple were legally husband and wife. So during the betrothal period before the consummation of the marriage, if the husband dies, the woman would be considered a widow. If they were going to break up the betrothal, it required a certificate of divorce. So when Joseph was going to put Mary away secretly, he intended to end the betrothal in that way. That betrothal was a contract for marriage. So when the Corinthians, if you put that metaphor in place in 2 Corinthians chapter 11 verses 1 through 6, when the Corinthians responded to the preaching of the gospel, on the part of the apostle Paul, when they responded to the preaching of the gospel and they turned from their sin, put their faith and trust in the Lord Jesus Christ, it was as if Paul in the preaching of the gospel betrothed them to their heavenly bridegroom, the Lord Jesus Christ. Because he then acts as spiritual father, so to speak, responsible for that daughter, that chaste virgin Paul now responsible, taking upon himself that responsibility, Paul has a responsibility to guard her virginity, to guard her from wicked defiling influences, to guard her from any so-called paramour that would seek to violate her. You see, Paul took responsibility on himself for that, to maintain her total commitment, undivided loyalty to Christ, her bridegroom, until that day when the marriage would be consummated that Christ's coming. We consider what Paul is saying in verse 2, if we take this as a lesson for ourselves, there are several lessons, we'll talk about this more as we work through the text. One, you and I, brothers and sisters, you and I must maintain faithfulness to our bridegroom, wholehearted devotion while we await the marriage supper of the Lamb.  Amen. But, brothers and sisters, we also, to take a lesson from Paul's statement here in verse 2, each one of us ought to take responsibility for our brothers and sisters in this church as spiritual sons and daughters of our Heavenly Father, brides of the bridegroom. We should take responsibility, commit ourselves to guarding and protecting and preserving and helping and maintaining them. Amen. Each of us ought to feel a sense of that godly jealousy for our brothers and sisters. When someone begins to trail away, we should sense a godly jealousy to pursue them and to help them remain steadfast. We should be moved, as Calvin said, excited by a vehement jealousy to see them remain steadfast in the faith. We must stir one another up to love and good works, considering one another in love until our Lord comes. We are our brother's keeper. Amen. We're all called. We are all called to ministry in the Lord's church. You're called to the one another. You're called to love your brother, love your sister. You're called to bear their burdens. You're called to pray for them. You're called to exhort them. You're called to encourage them. We're called to lay down our lives in ministry in the Lord's church. And so then our heart, our minds, should be, ought to be motivated by a godly jealousy for their spiritual health, for the health and well-being of their soul. And we need it, too, don't we? Our brother, our sister, to watch out for us, invested in our spiritual well-being, invested in our preservation, in our perseverance. May we burn with a godly jealousy for one another in that. I'm extremely grateful to the Lord for the relationship that we have in this church. We know one another here. We're involved in one another's lives. We eat at one another's houses. I got to be careful to come out of our own dress because we've got people in our house all the time. I don't know who's there, who's not. And that is wonderful. We need to cultivate those kinds of relationships. We need to maintain that. We need to pursue that. If you find yourself skirting along the fringe, my exhortation to you is don't skirt any longer. That sheep on the edge of the flock is lunch. Get involved in the body. Have people over. Go to fellowships. Meet with guys during the week. Hang out with sisters during the week. Call one another. Text one another. Email one another. Visit one another. And if you know someone who is on the fringe of the flock in that way, not plugged in, then pursue them and pursue them with a godly jealousy for the sake of their own soul. Knowing that the one on the edge of the flock is lunch, we've got to spend time laboring, laboring for those kinds of relationships. Paul was moved by that reality, moved by it. Paul betrothed the Corinthians to one husband with the purpose, with the intention that he might present her to himself, to the Lord Jesus Christ, a glorious church. Present her to him a chaste virgin. But in verse three he says, But I'm afraid I fear lest somehow as the serpent deceived Eve by his craftiness, so your minds may be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ. He who comes, preaches another gospel, then we've not preached. Or if you receive a different spirit, which you've not received or different gospel, which you've not accepted, you may very well put up with it. We'll take a look at Paul's strategy to battle that as we continue working through the text next week.


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olicy regardless. And then second, it does require something that we hadn't done in the past because we weren't in charge of the program, but it requires us to do a district wide catalog and administer that catalog to every single student. So technically a student within our school district, let's say they're at Diamond Tech, they have the right to go to Watsonville High for a CTE course. And so it's all about making sure that every single student, secondary student within the school district knows what's present at all the other schools. So I just wanna note those two items that I think are significant in the new law. Thank you. I have one question, Rob. I'm not sure if I should direct it to you or to Superintendent Rodriguez. Do you feel that these changes are happening and being affected by lobbying from CSBA and NSBA at the federal level? I mean, where do you feel that the changes are being stemmed from that we're adopting here? Or I'm sorry, I was on the first reading tonight. The changes you just spoke to. Can't Dr. Rodriguez wanna say a comment? Sure. Well, I think a lot of these new regulations is coming due to the increased amount of federal and state funding that's coming down. So one of the things that mostly at the state level they're talking about is accountability for the use of funds. So that's kind of where you get the needs assessment coming out. That's kind of where you get the insurance of equity that all students have equal access. So I would say that it's linked to, and LCAP is doing a lot of this too with accountability, is so we're infusing all this money in the system, well, is that money making an impact and is it making an impact on many students? So I believe it's coming from the legislature with them acknowledging we're giving you money, so therefore you need to be accountable for those funds. Okay, thank you. Okay. 9.7 first reading of policy, P-B-A-R-5-1-1-1 admission. And this one is due to the new law AB 699, which you've heard me say a lot, and that's specific to immigration status, social security numbers, and that kind of stuff. That they can't require them. Okay, any comments from the board? Questions? Okay. Now, okay, you're done now, Michael again. See you next time. See you next time for the second reading. Okay, 10 is the consent agenda. So these are routine items. Can I have a motion for the consent agenda? Somebody give me a motion. Making a motion to approve our consent agenda tonight. I'll second. Okay. Is there any items the board wishes to defer? No. I will call for a vote all in favor of the consent agenda. Aye. Aye. All those opposed? Okay. Now we're gonna do closed session. We can hurry up and do it before 10 o'clock. Okay, closed session. The one, the one expulsion. Sure. Item 2.1, I move to approve the recommendation of the district administration for a full expulsion of the remainder of the 18-19 school year with placement at another school site outside the district and a suspended expulsion for the fall semester of the 2019-20 school year with placement at another school within the district on a strict behavior contract for number 18-19-01-1. Okay, now, Danny, to the closed session. Did we vote on closed session? I don't believe we did. Or did I miss the vote? Did we vote on? I don't think we did. Okay, so I just made out a motion. Okay, second. A second. All those in favor? Aye. Aye. All those opposed? I'd like to make a motion on a closed session, item 2.2, I move to approve the certified personal report as presented by district administration on February 27th, 2019 with 114 with 38 additional action items. All those in favor? I have a second. Oh, do I have a motion on the scar? Sorry. I have a motion, we need a second. A second. Okay, now all those in favor? Aye. Aye. Aye. Motion number two on the closed session, item 2.3, I move to approve the classified personal report as presented by district administration on February 27th, 2019 with 49 with 12 additional action items. A second. Okay, first and second, right? Okay, all those in favor? Aye. Is there anything else? Resolution number 18-19-24 be resolved that this is the governing board of trustees. Hereby ratifies the decision of the superintendent to send notice of non-relection in accordance with the education code to all employees whose identification numbers are 70-14, 25-81, 75-05, 81-72. And read out number two in resolution 18-19-25 be resolved that this governing board of trustees hereby ratifies the decision of the superintendent and district administration to issue notices of possible reassignment and or release of certain certified management employees in accordance with the education code of the following employees as per employee identification numbers 85-24, 98-26, 67-13, and 20-97. Do I have a motion? We already voted in the closed session. Oh, on that one, closed session, okay. No, no, the only thing I wanted to say is that our April 10th special board meeting topic will now be the Brown Act. It's not gonna be on some of the other stuff, the dashboard stuff that we're gonna talk about before. We're just gonna have the Brown Act to be our special meeting on April 10th. Okay, thank you. And then our upcoming board meeting will be March 13th. Yeah, our next scheduled board meeting, March 13th. Everyone, thank you, and for adjourn, boom.