I have a research background in chemistry so I did a PhD and postdoc, postdocs or research in organic chemistry and I enjoyed my research but I was ready to move away from the bench. I was keen to be involved in science but not do science and I was keen to pursue a career that would broaden my perspective in terms of subject areas rather than focus me in on a particular area of chemistry. So I joined Nature Communications in 2009 as one of the launch editors there and became a senior editor there and then I moved to Scientific Reports in 2013 and I was attracted to the idea of working on a an inclusive and high-quality journal and being able to contribute to the development of that. There's no very typical day on Scientific Reports. As chief editor I oversee a group of eight in-house editors and we oversee the editorial decision-making process and the peer-review process on the journal and those processes are managed directly by our external editorial board members so they are the people who decide whether to send a manuscript out to peer-review they recruit peer-reviewers and they make decisions after peer reviews. This year we've also had a lot of projects to enhance levels of author service across the journal and we're really starting to see those projects bear fruit particularly in terms of significantly improved times to decision. Scientific Reports, given the scale of our operations here, there's an awful lot of variety in the role and I get a lot of satisfaction of having a varied role but I think my highlight and what I enjoy the most is working with our in-house editors and with our external editorial board members and developing those teams such that we provide a high level of service to our authors and we oversee a robust peer-review process and a robust editorial process and through being able to develop those teams and the processes on the journal we've been able to build a trusted and high quality inclusive journal. Scientific Reports publishes research from all areas of the natural and clinical sciences. In terms of the editorial criteria of the journal we don't make publication decisions based on perceived, important significance or impact but the rigorous peer-review processes we have on the journal ensure that we only publish high quality robust science so we're looking for papers that make an original contribution to existing knowledge. We're looking for papers where the conclusions are fully supported by the data presented. We're looking for reproducible science that is thoroughly and well reported and we're looking for papers where the conclusions are presented in the context of previous literature. Because Scientific Reports is an inclusive journal sometimes people think that that means that we publish all submissions. Of course that isn't the case and the current accept rate of the journal is about 48%. We have rigorous and robust editorial and peer-review process in place and those processes are overseen by our expert editorial external editorial board members and these processes ensure that we are only publishing high quality robust science. To read our submission guidelines carefully and ensure that they have complied with all relevant policies before submitting to the journal and then they should ensure that the central conclusions of the paper are fully supported by the data and the results that are presented and in terms of some specific advice in sort of presenting and writing the paper you may want to pay particular attention to titles and abstracts. These are the things that our board members will see and will read when deciding whether to to handle your paper and they're what the peer reviewers see when they're deciding whether to agree to review your paper. So if you make it clear within your title and within your abstract what the essential conclusions of the paper are what you are reporting you're more likely to find that your paper proceeds swiftly through the peer-review process and of course ensuring that your title and your abstracts in particular are of high quality and do make the conclusions of your paper clear help to increase the impact of your paper when it is published. Academic publishing in an editorial career tends to attract people who are very passionate about science but perhaps are ready to to leave the bench so to be involved in science but perhaps not necessarily do science. It attracts people who want to broaden their their exposure to different subject areas and people who are very interested in reading and writing. When becoming an editor for the first time or embarking on an editorial career there's a steep learning curve involved I mean this is it's often a career change for for most people who become an editor for the first time and so high levels of resilience are key as our good time management skills and we're also looking for that broader passion in science so that broader interest beyond someone's own area of interest. A good knowledge of the peer-review process is also important.


Gwbod maesaf, y ystafellol iddynt nifer o diwylliant gael ddiweddar nawr periynteil. Felly, yn fawr i gael ddymarc ddweud rhai o ddefnyddio'r ddigyfnol atod o'r ddweud o'r ddigyfnol o'i ddelweddiaeth o projgestiaeth yn byw o'r ddigyfnol o'r ei dderfyniad. Ulystics wedi unig o'r ddigyfnol byd yn dod o'r ddigyfnol o'r ddigyfnol o'r ddigyfnol o'r diwyddoid and invest in Scotland's strategic transport infrastructure for the long term. The 45 recommendations contained in STBR2 include proposals for an improved and more resilient transport network in the south of Scotland. Work is already in progress on five of the eight recommendations that are either specifically relevant to the south of Scotland or which will have particular benefits for the region. That includes how world journeys for passengers and freight can be improved, A75 and A77 improvements and integrated smart ticketing. I am sure that the Minister for Transport is delighted to see Scotland's two Governments working together to bring forward improvements on the A75 in the back of the union connectivity review, which highlighted infrastructure projects that are significant to the whole of the UK. The UK Government's commitment to fund the A75 projects is that, given that infrastructure funding is devolved, the Scottish Government fulfills its obligations to the south of Scotland and step up to the mark and at least match the UK funding and bring forward other essential projects to upgrade the equally neglected A77. In relation to the first part of the question, clearly the A75 has been designated by the UK Government as worthy of union connectivity funding because it benefits primarily Northern Ireland. We have yet to have confirmation of any funding from the UK Government, meantime this year, the £3 million worth of structural maintenance schemes improvements on the A75 are ensuring the safe operation of the route. In the second part of his question, he referred to the A77 and, as I said to his colleague last week, Haxton climbing lane, the Glenat wide single carriageway, the Park End to Benanine, Simonton and Boghend toll, let alone the funding and the delivery of the much needed and much welcomed Mabel bypass. Those are all positive improvements by the Scottish Government in the south of Scotland. The UK Government's own union connectivity review recognised that the only way the A75 is going to be upgraded is by the UK Government providing the Scottish Government with the funding to make STPR2 recommendations happen. I do not know why the Tories are continually blaming the Scottish Government when we have a fixed term budget. Does the minister agree that the member's efforts would be better placed lobby in his UK Government bosses, including the absent DGMP and Scottish Secretary, Alasdair Jack, so that my constituents get the road upgrades that they have been campaigning on for decades? The UK Minister of Roads and Local Transport confirmed last month that funding of £8 million is available, subject to final approvals, which have yet to come. While his commitment is in line with our funding request, that confirmation only came after a face-to-face meeting that I had with him in September, where I had to press for a final decision to be made. My officials continue to engage proactively with their UK account of arts and we await confirmation that the funding that we have requested will be forthcoming. Indeed, we had to submit a second business case only on 17 October following our initial one in April because of the passage of time due to the inaction from the UK Government. To ask the Scottish Government how it will balance the rights of victims with the rights of the accused in the processes developed by the Children, Care and Justice Scotland Bill. I am very conscious of the need to ensure the rights of victims and the rights of referred children are balanced. I am aware of the concerns around this particular issue, as has been reflected in my evidence to the committee and my meetings with individual members. Provisions in the bill seek to reflect the rights, needs and expectations of victims and the parents or carers of child victims with the rights of referred children. I can assure the member that amendments that further improve support for victims are being considered for amendment at stage 2. The bill will ensure that there is scope for referral of all children to the principal reporter, removing the barriers that they had to already be in the hearing system before turning 16 to get support in that system. Importantly, the bill will also allow referrals for children who are themselves victims within their family home. I thank the minister for that reply. Evidence tells us that juggling the rights of distinct groupings can be difficult for government. As she eludes, multiple concerns have been raised by the Education, Children and Young People's Committee over the lack of consideration thus far for child victims through the children's hearing process. Only yesterday, victims support Scotland highlighted a father's concerns around the lack of information, the lack of support and challenges around safety planning for victims. Ian said, and I quote, I would not wish on my worst enemy what we had to go through as a family. I appreciate that she cannot yet at this stage disclose planning amendments to the bill. Will the minister reiterate again that she takes seriously the significant concerns expressed by multiple agencies and the ECYP committee and ensure that child victims' rights are given the same focus as child perpetrators? I am really sorry to hear of the situation that Michelle Thomson has raised, and I thank her for raising what is a really, really important issue. Whether it is the criminal justice system or the children's system that deals with the child's behaviour, we absolutely must ensure that we meet the needs of victims and their families. Again, I really just want to assure the member that I am absolutely alive to the issues that have been raised, and I have met with Victim Support Scotland to discuss the bill and those issues directly. As I noted in my initial answer, further improving support for victims is a key consideration at stage 2, and I am very happy to meet with the member to discuss that in more detail. To ask the Scottish Government whether it will provide an update on the support and services available for children and young people with additional support needs in mainstream education across central Scotland. Our most recent figures show that spending on additional support for learning by authorities has reached a record high of £830 million. We have also invested £15 million a year since 2019-20 to support the recruitment of pupil support assistants and to help them to respond to the individual needs of children and young people. In addition to that, the Scottish Government provided more than £11 million of funding to directly support pupils with complex additional support needs and services to children and families. We work with a number of partners across central Scotland to ensure that advice, support and resources are available to the parents and carers of children and young people with additional support needs, the children and young people themselves and the practitioners who support them. The truth is that many children are in learning settings that do not suit their needs. Parents have contacted me saying that, due to long waiting lists for ASN diagnosis, many children are being refused a transfer to an ASN specialist school or nursery. The fact of the matter is that school and nursery estates are not equipped to deal with the number of young people who have complex additional support needs. ASN parent councils have been raising that issue in my region and their voices are being ignored. What will that Government do to reduce waiting lists for families, waiting on ASN diagnosis? Does the minister agree that a full review of ASN estates is long overdue? I thank the member for her question. I think that she raises a really important point, particularly when we reflect on the number of pupils with now an identified additional support need. Over a third of our young people now have an identified additional support need. That changes the type of learning and teaching that happens in our classroom. It changes, of course, the needs of the young people, their parents and carers. I am sorry to hear about the campaign group in her region. I will be more than happy to engage with them. I have engaged directly with ASN reform on this matter. I think that more broadly she makes a number of points in relation to diagnosis. Under the ASL act, a diagnosis is not required in order for support to be given. However, we very much recognise that having that diagnosis can help young people, but it can also help their families in terms of working with them. We published a guidance around the national neurodevelopmental specification for children and young people back in 2021. The member asked for a further review to that end. I suggest to the member that it may be prudent that, as part of the education reform process, we consider that to a fuller extent, recognising that the reform process needs to reflect the changes that have happened in our classrooms in recent times. I think that ASN is part of that shift and part of that change. I am committed to working with the member and indeed across the chamber, Presiding Officer, on how we can better support teachers in our classrooms and parents and carers in relation to additional support needs. I am very grateful for Presiding Officer and my apologies for being slightly late to general questions. Could I ask the cabinet secretary the discussion about involving parents? Should this not include involving parents and caregivers in the decision making processes regarding their young person rather than just being informed? I agree with the member's suggestion in relation to decision making. We provide support to parents. I alluded to that in some of my responses to Megan Gallacher. If the member has suggestions on how we can help to better influence that again through the education reform process, I would be more than happy to listen to that. Of course, we will launch the consultation on Tuesday of this week surrounding the legislation that will come forward next year. I think that there is an opportunity to strengthen that legislation, particularly in relation to parental rights. I would be more than happy to consider that suggestion through the consultation process. Thank you, Presiding Officer. I remind members of my voluntary register of interests with the GMB Unite and Unison Trade Unions. To ask the Scottish Government what its response is to reports that notice of industrial action has been served on Scottish water. The pay negotiations that are on-going are, of course, a matter for Scottish water, as the employer on one hand and the unions on the other. However, I understand that Scottish water has, as Mr Leonard narrates, been notified by three recognised unions of industrial action starting from Friday 10 November. I would encourage all parties to continue negotiations to resolve the dispute. When the three Scottish water trade unions Unite, Unison and the GMB came to Parliament on Tuesday, they were determined. After ACAS talks broke up at 2.30 this morning, they are angry. The Cabinet Secretary simply cannot claim that these negotiations are solely a matter for Scottish water. The Scottish Government wholly owns Scottish water. The plan pay cut to the lowest-paid workers is a flagrant breach of the Scottish Government's fair work principles. The last time we were so close to a Scottish water strike back in 2008, the then finance secretary stepped in, I know because I was there. With 12 hours to go before this strike, will the cabinet secretary come out of hiding, break her silence and get this dispute settled? I repeat contrary to Mr Leonard's characterisation that those pay negotiations are a matter for Scottish water on the one hand and the unions on the other. He is quite right for their talks where they were conducted last night. They did go on to the early hours of the morning. I understand that they were positive although, in conclusive, contingency plans are in place for strike action, and a further meeting is scheduled with ACAS for 15 November. To ask the Scottish Government how it supports small businesses in the Mid Scotland and Fife region. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Businesses in the Mid Scotland and Fife and across Scotland can access advice, guidance and financial support from a wide range of organisations across the public sector. There are over 750 public-funded interventions to support businesses in Scotland, including through grants, loans, consultancy research, training opportunities and self-help guides. Most of that is available to any business anywhere in Scotland, whatever stage of growth it is at. On non-domestic rates, the Scottish budget this year ensures the lowest poundage in the UK for the fifth year in a row and supports a package of reliefs worth an estimated £749 million. That includes the most generous small business bonus scheme relief in the UK, estimated to save rate pairs £250 million this year. Finally, the Scottish Government is working with enterprise agencies, local government and other public bodies to improve the way that we support businesses through the business support partnership. A range of business support is available via Business Gateway and Scottish Enterprise and can be accessed via findbusinesssupport.gov.scot. I will ask a question about something that the cabinet secretary has not mentioned. During the economy and fair work committee inquiry into time centres, we spoke to five small businesses about their bricks-and-clicks model and how important the DigiBoost fund grant funding was. The digital strategy had committed to expanding that fund, and yet the budget was reduced in 2022-23. The Government has made no plans for it this year, instead focusing on piloting digital productivity labs. The labs pilot ended in June, so can I ask what progress is being made in developing an improved digital support programme, and will the popular DigiBoost grant be reinstated as part of this? I thank Clare Baker for her question and I always endeavour to provide as much information as possible and be as comprehensive as I can in answering parliamentary questions such as this. In terms of digital, I am more than happy to provide further information and writing in terms of the work that we are doing to support businesses on the digital front. It is a substantial part of the investment that is made within my portfolio, and I will endeavour to write to her to ensure that she has the full sum of information regarding the support that is available currently. This week, business organisations united in a call for the non-domestic rate to be frozen in the forthcoming budget as a measure that would do more than anything else to support small business. Will they be listened to? Obviously, the Scottish Government's budget process is on-going. The Deputy First Minister has her tax advisory group, which is looking at areas such as this. The new deal for business that I convened and implementation plan that I am now endeavouring to deliver upon includes elements of non-domestic rate reform where that is possible. Of course, we will be looking at what we can do to support businesses through non-domestic rates, but Murdo Fraser will know as I do that the business resilience information that I get and is available through all the enterprise agencies demonstrates that the biggest challenges that businesses face right now are inflation, energy costs and interest rate rises, all of which are at the front of the door of his Government at Westminster. To ask the Scottish Government what funding it is providing through the next phase of the learning estate investment programme for schools in the south of Scotland. The Scottish Government's learning estate investment programme is a £2 billion investment project supported by Scotland's school—supporting rather Scotland's school estate. Phase 3 supports a priority project in those councils who have not thus far benefited from leap funding, and therefore treats councils fairly and equitably. Although it is the duty of councils to manage and maintain their school estate, we are supporting eight projects in the south of Scotland region through phases 1 and 2 of LEAP. Additionally, through the previous Scotland schools for the future programme, we awarded councils with funding of almost £171 million pounds towards 20 priority projects in the south of Scotland region. As a result of investment by this Government, the proportion of schools in goods or satisfactory conditions in Scotland has increased from 61 per cent in April 2007 to almost 91 per cent in April 2023. Cabinet Secretary, the question is about the next phase of the programme, not the one three years ago, and the short answer is none, not a penny for a single school in the south of Scotland. It was bad enough that projects were delayed and cost rose because of the dithering of the Cabinet Secretary making a decision on funding, but now every project in the region has been rejected. What message does the Cabinet Secretary have for parents at schools such as Dumfries academy? Classed as condition and suitability B and C that they are not worthy of funding when schools have found funding that are classed as condition A? Can I just remind the member of the vast improvement in the school estate that I mentioned in my previous answer? A vast improvement that was made necessary by his party's pathetic record on our schools whilst in office, leaving us in a situation whereby almost 40 per cent of our schools were in a substandard condition. I want to work with COSLA to consider how we build on the progress going forward, but if we had gone even further on leap at this stage, as I hear the member suggesting, that money would have had to come from somewhere else. So where is the member suggesting that extra budget come from? What cuts would he make to the education budget to fund extra schools? That is the reality, Presiding Officer, of the situation that we face thanks to an austerity agenda, of course, brought in by the Tories, now supported wholeheartedly by Keir Starmer and the Labour Party. Question number seven, Collette Stevenson. Thank you, Presiding Officer, to ask the Scottish Government when it last met representatives of the Strathclyde pension fund and what was discussed. Minister Tom Arthur. Scottish Government officials attend the Scottish Local Government Pension Scheme Advisory Board as observers and are often present at other events associated with the local government pension scheme at which representatives of the Strathclyde pension fund are also in attendance. Scottish Government officials also regularly communicate with representatives from the fund about administrative matters. Collette Stevenson. I thank the minister for that response. The success of the funds will allow employers to reduce pension contributions for a couple of years while protecting pension payments for current and future beneficiaries. That will unlock additional resources for several local authorities, including South Lanarkshire. Can the minister outline whether useful lessons will be learned from the success of the Strathclyde pension fund for other public sector investments? Strathclyde pension fund may indeed be commended on its performance, and that reflects that the local government pension scheme in Scotland is a success story. There are a number of options for funds reporting the surplus, and approaches may differ from one fund to the next. Clearly, the experience of Strathclyde pension fund in recent years is an example of good practice. However, I understand that the other 10 Scottish funds are also more than 100 per cent funded. Scottish fund authorities meet to discuss investments on a regular basis, and closer collaboration is an approach that may be a viable option for them. More widely, we very much encourage an approach to investment finance that brings together individuals, businesses and organisations with relevant experience and interests to promote investment opportunities in Scotland and support growth. That concludes General Questions. Before we move to First Minister's Questions, I invite members to join me in welcoming to the gallery His Excellency Theodore Loxeyne, ambassador of the Philippines to the United Kingdom.


Here we go. Thank you Niko for joining. Thank you very much. Yeah, hello and welcome to my talk. So why I do this talk is basically I wrote an open source library which I thought only I need and then now I look at it a few years later and it has 120,000 downloads and per month so I would like to take you on a journey with me to explore a bit how could that have happened. So and yeah this is a library specifically working in Python, working on online calendars. Yeah for the structure of the talk, whenever you have a question there are the show notes and you can write your question in the notes. Maybe I can address them while I'm talking, maybe I can do this in the end when we have time for questions and answers. The slides are also online. You can find the link in the show notes so that you can, let's see it's over there for you, so that you can click through the slides, go up and down and click on some links there if you don't want to listen to me and yeah you can basically follow your own rhythm. Yeah I'll start with talking about the history of the library and then go into the different factors that I see as a success factors for your open source project and to name that I'm just an open source developer who does hobby projects. I'm not part of any big company or any organization and still I could do something that people use and so can you. Yeah a little bit about myself, I've got a website, okay but I'm living in the Eco Village TP Valley right now, I live in New York with my family together in the United Kingdom in Wales and when I'm coding that looks like that. I sit in front of my burner, get my knees warmed and have my smartphone on between my knees while I make some porridge and some tea and yeah basically I'm offline maybe once or twice a week I push my code and listen to some emails from issues and that's basically it. Yeah so you can become a full developer of libraries and everything, you don't need to have a computer or something like this or a stable internet connection, though that helps. Yeah now about the the library, so a few years back we were in Brandenburg, we just created a network of different pecker and maker spaces in this rural area of Germany where nothing much is going on in the digital world and we were faced with this question of how can we tell people when something happens somewhere else so that they can go from one village to another from one place to another and attend a so we wanted to have a joint calendar and all these maker spaces they already had calendars where they put in there the few events that they made and they shared them in an open format, the i-calendar format. WordPress at that time provided a solution so that we could join different calendars and put a website up with one calendar but I wanted to go a bit further and make that easier for everyone just without hosting and also highly configurable so that other places can show calendars in different ways without needing to set up the WordPress again and I created the open-bap calendar project so you could have static site find an ICS and calendar link online somewhere and display your calendar on your page. Now that's they already started facing the issue having the online calendars, the ICS files, how do I display these events? And the code for that became increasingly complex so that I decided to carve that little thing out and put it into a known library and when I look at it now it has like 120,000 downloads per month and I don't know even who uses it but seemingly it's useful for people and yeah I want to explore with you how this could have happened. So I think one of the factors for the usefulness of the library is that I have the use case myself so when I started I just had these calendar files they take one calendar and I get all the events out of it for the time spent of two years and put it up on the website yeah so problem solved for me everything's fine I carved this little question out and put it into a library of between start and end which events do take place yeah and it has an easy interface just one function and I put that out into the world also I added a license to it I wanted to make it open source and I choose chose the LGTL license that is because I'm again just a hobby developer and I do like it if I share my code and I get something back that I can just click merge and so I like the copy left aspect of the GPL that I do not need any contributor license agreements and that also people who use that library they can be sure if there's a merge request and they use that that they also have the right to use it and they don't need to make anything else more sure yeah and I didn't use the GPL because I just wanted to try out the LGTL that's my reason behind that and with that I had a use case a very like small one a very rough one and I had the license to it suddenly became a common use case and now people are can use it in this two functions there so at the date for getting the events of the date a month a day maybe and the between functions still for a time range in which you can receive events and another important thing is the interoperable base so when you host your i calendar your your online calendar somewhere and you download it you have this file and the i calendar module was a long around for a long time already to read these files and use them in python as an object structure yeah and these these functions they basically take this object structure and give back this object structure so there is nothing new that people need to know it's yeah basically everything is known plus a little function that you need to read up on so I think this one makes it quite easy for people to actually use the library one of another factor is the documentation first yeah so I do like documentation a while ago I read this blog post about write your readme file first yeah and I would stress the point that this is quite something nice because when I write my readme file first I think about how do I feel comfortable with using my library what would I like it to be and on the other hand if I write the code first and then the readme then it's more like how all these technical specialities all these technical technical little things they come creeping through as parameters or as heavy thoughts in my head of how I need to pass that onto the user but actually I don't have to yeah and with that also it becomes clear for other people what my library should do and what it shouldn't so when the readme file says this is what the library should do people come back and tell you hey it doesn't do what it should here that's the example yeah but if I just have a sparse readme and no real documentation the people will be wondering like there's a mistake is it my mistake is that the mistake of the library should I maybe write a wrapper around the library so I can fix this use case something like that here but if the readme file just states a bit boldly yeah that's what I can do and it doesn't do it it actually is a good thing because people come back and tell you that and yeah what I did also with the documentation is a just a few answers on stack overflow of hey you could use that library by the way and no people start to find it and use it and another factor of of I think what what contributed at least for me to this library is the feedback before yeah I had this this I this open web calendar and I had my library in it yeah and I would get feedback only from the users of the open web calendar library which isn't much yeah maybe all this event was displayed a bit falsely yeah but now this library is used in many many many other places and I get weird weird calendar files that people think should work yeah and we can like smooth out the edges of this library and it will let also improve the main software that I wrote so actually sharing these little pieces of my code for other people improves my main software this is one of the learnings that I had in that place here and I get a much higher quality in the end yeah and then there is the tests that I do like I call it test second because I do read me first yeah other people call it test first and yeah I do write this library in a test driven way because I like green dots yeah no all it falsely has other advantages that are not just visual um for example the knowledge is lost over time so this library is around for a few years now and I do not want to sit in front of the library and ask myself this line of code should I change it or maybe should I leave it why did I put it in there yeah I know that when the tests are green I did a good job yeah and um and now when the tests are green it allows me to say I also did a good refactoring yeah there was a time when my initial way of dealing with the calendar standard uh was not not enough to to reflect the complexity what is going on so I needed to do a major refactoring of all the code and the test helped me tremendously without them I would have probably broken half of what other people would have expected right so with that um with the tests you get a long-term maintainability also and and that's probably the the place where you where you choose yeah if you have your software project you may have this really just small one function that's useful for you that might be useful for other people if you like cut that out put it into a library like this one you may find that the input and the output is quite known it's like a unit from the unit tests yeah so we have the calendar files we have the times at which we want to know which events take place and there's a third thing we do have the events because we can look at another calendar that works properly and with that the whole function is 100 testable and we can get a really really high test coverage for our code so that enables us with another uh with something else that follows out of that um cause when we have these tests and people start to create pull requests after a year or two um we can actually deal with them fast yeah we can get the example we can write a test and so on and when people want to look around for solutions yeah they look at the library and if they see there is no release and they'll commit within the last five years um they'll think like i do at times um if i use that library and i run into a problem i guess nobody will fix my problem and i'll be left alone yeah so they look around for other other solutions but if the last commit is from one month ago or maybe half a year ago um for quite stable ones then you would think yeah i can use that one so having these tests in place also allows you to actually have a faster feedback and more feedback and i'm really excited about pie test i want to show you why yeah so if you look at the way that we do deal with issues in this in this library because it can be tested pretty well we find an issue we get the example file be write the tests and then implement the change and the test may look really easy like this three line i am basically it's a function that takes the list of the calendars that we have in the second line it gets all the events from the calendar named issue one at a certain date and then it makes sure in line three that there's only one event and you may think that this function only runs once uh no it doesn't pie test allows us to run this function several times in several different environments so for example we want to test it on the calendar that we got issue one but i also tested on the calendar with all the events in a in a different order so that i make sure that the result does not depend on the order of the events because they can be ordered like they want to be at least um in the standard and also a third time because python has its own its old time zone implementation called fits or party set and this is quite uh old now and shouldn't be used anymore you should migrate to the newer one which is called uh uh zone info which is available from python 3.7 and upwards so uh titus allows us to run all the tests on the old time zone implementation and on the new time zone implementation and with that with this parametrization of tests that titus makes so easy you can make sure that the module works on the latest versions and on the on the older versions yeah so that's about the tests i like green dots too yeah i can multiply the tests with three or four if i want to so i gotta get more tests yeah and one point that i would like to say is um i'd like to put the complexity last and we have this open specification for the i-calendar format which is called rfc 5545 and it includes events and time zones it includes journal entries alarms to dos and free busy times and many many more features but if we can hide some of the complexity from people then they are quite grateful yeah just just looking just looking at the events here we have an example if you open such a file it begins with an event then we have a start time in line three it is in a certain time zone which is duty at this place in line four we say oh this event repeats each monday yeah in line five we say um oh but the second one doesn't happen by the way um and in line six we say we reschedule the whole thing to the 26th of march yeah and then the event ends so if you can hide this complexity away and we just say give us the past calendar here is uh the output the list of events that take place when you want to know it um then that's quite a contribution and we already reduce some complexity we do not need to import much much more like alarms and so on and another thing is i guess the relationship of the ecosystems um one is for example we have the i-calendar as a base that's already quite known and we just plug something on top and basically give the same stuff back so people are not uh they don't need to learn so much yeah um and that's easily achieved i think with shipping your small functions over to other people and the second one is the i-cal events library it does about the same as the recurring events library to also download stuff and uh yeah again i didn't find that uh in the right time or i didn't like the documentation of it that's why i wrote my own stuff um there's the third the icsp library that's if you just want to give you a value events but you don't want to read them you can do that easily with that one there's the open web calendar which is again like where this library was created from one example of a application that sits on top and the xwr time zone library and this was created because major players like google they are so big they say yeah i don't need to work with the standard so much um i i add this uh little attribute called xwr time zone into the calendar and that kind of completely changes um how the events are being evaluated and then other people do a lot of guess work of what could that have meant or not and this library follows the same idea as i just showed in my talk the factors it has the use case for that library um to take a non-standard calendar and produce a standard calendar so that we can query the events at certain times it has an open license that is open source and we wrote the documentation first we wrote a lot of tests the complexity again is hidden or it's like reduced because now people know i just need to deal with standard calendars and it's again a carved out little piece that could have been in the recurring ekelevance library but instead there's another piece yeah and we already got uh the feedback like one pull request that went to this library uh to fix uh one one yeah one broken evaluation yeah the ecosystems relationships are the same yeah for this um i would like to end my talk um i hope i have inspired you or if you are if you're writing your own source code also in your hobby time you can think about huh this little function maybe i can just ship it off as a different uh library on on some uh platform and then people can use that independently of what i do you get a lot of engagement you may get a lot of engagement with it you may get uh improvements because it is used in places that you couldn't have thought of yeah and uh yeah that's basically my motivation so even if you are just on a smartphone uh you can do something that uh people want to use and want to want to develop with you so um thank you for your attention and i'm happy to hear some questions also uh want to thank for uh like the presentation engines this is a website the first age aside for being here and the many different ways in which this is made possible um also just developing on the smartphone yeah so i leave the the


S... That's drunk. Just when you think you've seen and heard of every mascot platformer of the 16-bit era, here is Zuul, ninja of the nth dimension, made by British developer Gremlin Games, and yep, this game looked Western enough for ya. As you might expect, it was originally made for Amiga in 1992, before getting ported to all sorts of other computer systems, as well as Genesis, Game Gear, Master System, Game Boy and Super Nintendo. You play as Zuul? No, not that Zuul, unfortunately. And he looks like a cross between Bomberman and that weird alien creature that visits Garfield in that one episode of Garfield in Friends. Anyone? No? Alright. You get eight lives, each with a health meter, and three continues to get through seven worlds, divided up into four levels each, with the fourth level culminating in a boss fight, and there's no saves or passwords here. What's weird is that this game's default settings are backwards. It's B to shoot, and Y to jump, which is just awful. But thankfully, you can switch it to how it's supposed to be in the options. There's also the R button to do a flip, and L to spin, and that's it. That's all you get. The controls are really loose. It's kind of jarring. In fact, that's the game's biggest flaw, really. It's like it can't decide if it wants to be a regular old hop-and-bop platformer, or a Sonic-style, Twitch control kind of a thing. I will say, once you get to know some of the level layouts, it can be kind of fun to just zip around and wall jump and flip off of stuff and bounce around and all that. It's just that the levels are designed to only have a couple sections here and there where you're allowed to do that. Then it's back to the drudgery of dealing with these utterly generic enemies, where they just kind of sit there and get in your way and not really do anything. In fact, you'll probably find yourself flailing out of control more often than not before you have to deal with them. To clear each level, you gotta collect... stuff, I guess, until the number in the lower left reaches zero, then the arrow points you to the exit. There's quite a bit of platforming in this game, since each level is pretty big, so you're gonna end up doing the jump spin more often than not. Why didn't they just make this the default jump? I don't know, but it's not that hard to just press jump and L at the same time. Still, like I said, the level design is pretty lousy, and relies more and more on cheap insta-death spikes to jack up the difficulty the further you progress. Well, at least each of the seven worlds go beyond the usual themes you're used to seeing in games like this.  What, does this world last 20 minutes too long? Or does Tim Allen chase you around with projectile grunts? I will say, some of these worlds do have some highlights if you're willing to seek them out, and if you're willing to get past how completely and fully Amiga-ish it looks. I mean, geez Louise, this is the first level of the game, and it's just so friggin' garish and ugly. The Zool sprite itself actually looks cool, but the settings, ugh, it's like I'm looking at a trapper keeper through a kaleidoscope. It's just a mess.  One telling sign is the manual, which actually has a comic. Yeah, I love stuff like this. In a perfect world, every video game should come with a comic explaining its lore and backstory, even stuff like Ken Griffey Jr. presents Major League Baseball. So Zool, and did I mention he's a ninja gremlin? And he's flying a spaceship on a recon mission through the nth dimension and gets sucked into a powerful vortex that makes his ship crash land into a pile of custard. No really, that's why the game starts out in Candy World. Too bad for Zool, he didn't crash into $240 worth of pudding. Oh yeah.  See, because Zool is not just a ninja gremlin, he's also the protector of creative thought and the defender of positive action. Sure, alright. Anyway, one other major positive this game has is the music, which is friggin' awesome. Whoa, where the heck did that come from? That sounds like something out of Super Off-Road. Anyway, yeah, Zool is another one of those games you'd normally roll your eyes at, right when you'd see it, but it's really not that bad.  The thing is though, sometimes these generic mascot platformers, yeah, they aren't all that good, but they also aren't all that bad. No, they're not worth going out of your way to play or anything, but they're just barely decent enough that they're worth a shot to see if it's worth your curiosity. Same thing with stuff like Rocky Rodent or Dino City or Mr. Nuts. That stuff is all in the same category as something like Zool for Super Nintendo. Alright, I want to thank you for watching, and I hope you have a great rest of your day.


A total of 256 Nigerian nationals have been evacuated from Ukraine and have been received in Romania, Hungary and Poland. As earlier reported, this is out of a total of about 5,600 Nigerians, the majority of whom are students. The Nigerian government said its diplomatic mission has received 130 citizens from Ukraine at Bucharest and Romania since Sunday, February 27. The Nigerian embassy also said 74 Nigerians were received at Budapest, Hungary and another 52 in Warsaw, Poland. That's according to the ministry's permanent secretary, Ambassador Gabriel Aduda, in a statement. And in the statement the ministry explained that it has also provided accommodation for them while arrangements are being made to bring them back home.


I'm going to wait a little bit but let me just double check in case I missed him yeah I have a feeling that we might not hear back from Stuart and I don't blame him because it's freaking late it's 11 there so that guy's already it's already been three hours that's just too long so I don't think we're going to see him Ozzy Gold thanks for your support says thanks for your time debaters and modern day debate for your work putting them together thanks for that that seriously means more than you know buddy seriously we do appreciate it thanks for all of your support as it's been a juicy one it's been a fun one we do appreciate both of our guests Matt and Stuart and want to say thanks for all of you in the the old live chat there thanks for all of your support is this especially at technology wise we had some bumps along the way as you know both in terms of obs first and then also in terms of my connection here but want to say hi to you in the old live chat and man thanks for coming by I see you there in the old live chat jack has Paul Amir let me know if I'm saying that right thanks for coming by I see you there in the live chat Nathanius thanks for coming by I see you there what good to see you again and Joe are dim am I saying it right let me know thanks for coming by troll glad to have you here as well as HM I think trolls like trying to like trigger people in the live chat so like look out folks like oh okay so this one into the break thanks for coming by as well as poker man good to see you there crystal rock happy to have you here and gross patat glad to have you with us Dylan moats good to see you Michael Stein thanks for being here DJ Batman good to see you again says keep up the great debates thanks DJ Batman and I was told to make you a moderator I guess you went through the gauntlet to become one so I just made you a mod in the YouTube live chat want to say thanks for your support now for those of you who don't know I want to mention as mentioned Amy is doing an aftershow that's one thing that's going to be going on shortly and in addition to that you could open up more than one tab because maybe you're like oh yeah I want to do more than one thing of course you do who wouldn't blame you to want to both see the aftershow as well as I'm going to put the debate wait what is going on man is my internet cracking out again I'm going to look up the debate between Stewart and Matt in the past as that was a popular debate if you haven't seen it Stewart and Matt already debated on it was a broader different question it was one of the whether or not uh a debate on whether or not god exists whether or not there's good evidence for god that was a great debate the past so I have to encourage you if you haven't checked that out that's a really popular one that's one of our more popular ones want to encourage you to check that out so let me pull that up and I'm going to put that link to last debate years ago between Matt and Stewart if you want to watch that you can so I highly encourage you to check that out but yes this debate is going to be this is going to be we're going to put this on private shortly because this debate was a technological what's the word I'm looking for let me use a poised word we had some technical challenges but no problem we're going to get over it so want to say thanks to Amy for all of your support and trying to make it work earlier as well as Gigi in the chat says thanks for the show modern day debate sad evidence let's see thanks for your support ember good to see you there I see there in the old live chat glad to have you as well as let's see troll I can't tell trolls a robot like a bot or a real person I don't know no offense troll but I just can't tell but what is a thanks for your support you guys you make this fun I want to give you our quick pitch before we go because it's getting late in particular modern day debate if you haven't yet hit that subscribe button as well folks thanks for all of 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I have the honor of reading the President's speech and the President has also asked that I convey his very warm greetings and felicitations to the NESG group and all participants. So the speech now. I'm delighted to be with you on this occasion of the 26th Nigerian Economic Summit, jointly organized by the federal government and the Nigerian Economic Summit group and I join our colleagues at the NESG in welcoming you all to this event. Over the years, this forum has provided a veritable platform for an engaging and sincere dialogue on the economy between the private and public sector. The NESG group deserve our commendation for their real and virtual efforts to ensure that this summit holds against all odds. The theme of this summit, Building Partnerships for Resilience, is particularly apt. If there is one single lesson to be learned from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is that partnerships are essential for credible responses with lasting effect. Indeed one is minded to recall that the African proverb which says, and I quote, If you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together. End of quote. Our national journey to economic prosperity is a long one. So we must all certainly work together. As we saw, partnerships were essential when we were faced with a serious challenge of combating the COVID-19 pandemic. They are also necessary for framing medium and long-term development plans. They are needed for transforming our economy and certainly indispensable to ensuring that we build a fair and just society. We saw the key role that partnerships played in our national effort to combat the COVID-19 crisis. While federal and state governments work together to manage the health response and ensure the establishment of isolation centers and availability of test kits, personal protective equipment and the medicines, the private sector also played an active role as individual entities and also worked together in groups like the Coalition Against COVID-19. It is no longer news, of course, that the economy officially entered into recession with the release of the third quarter figures on gross domestic product by the National Bureau of Statistics, which showed a decline in growth of minus 3.62% in that quarter. We must bear in mind that this decline was after 12 successive quarters of positive growth and came about as a result of the severity of the global downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, including lockdowns, disruption in global supply chains, business failures and rising unemployment. We can all, of course, recall that during the lockdown, farming did not take place, businesses were closed, schools were closed, as were hotels and restaurants, and also airlines stopped flying while interstate commerce was disrupted. The retail trade, of course, also dropped. The economy only began to recover when these activities resumed, and if we were able to sustain the nearly 3% point increase from the second quarter decline of minus 6.1%, the performance in the fourth quarter could take us into positive territory. It was to mitigate this impact that the federal government introduced the Economic Sustainability Plan. All the programs in the ESP, that's the Economic Sustainability Plan, are reliant on the private sector playing a key role in creating and conserving jobs and the production and delivery of services in agriculture, in housing, in solar power and digital technologies to mention just a few sectors. To take the example of agriculture, with the support of the banking sector, the federal government is working to organize finance for farmers, and we're also guaranteeing uptake of the produce. This is the mass agriculture program which the federal government has undertaken. Five million farmers have so far been registered and geotacked to their farmlands, and about 1.5 million of them have already been cleared for credit. On its part, the private sector is also responsible for the desired local production, provision of services, and associated logistics across the agriculture value chain. We expect that the larger companies and the firms operating in all sectors of the economy will also build on this spirit of partnership by supporting small businesses, especially by including them in value chains as suppliers, as distributors, as contract manufacturers, as service providers, amongst other things. Meanwhile, the federal government has provided COVID-19 payroll support to over 16,000 businesses so far, with 101,000 of the employees getting between 30,000 to 50,000 in salaries over a three-month period in the initial phase. Up to 500,000 employees will be covered in this way, in addition to the support being extended to artisans and to road transport workers. In addition to the positive interventions in the ESP, the federal government is also sending the 2020 Finance Bill to further boost economic activity. Some of its provisions include the reduction in duties on tractors, motor vehicles for transportation of goods and persons, the exemption of small companies from payment of education tax under the tertiary Education Trust Fund, TET Fund. Companies with less than 25 million in turnover are eligible for this exemption. There's also a 50% reduction in minimum tax from 0.5% to 0.25% for gross turnover for the financial years ending between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021. There's also a tax relief to companies that donated to the COVID-19 Relief Fund under the Private Sector Coalition. Exemption of minimum wage earners from personal income tax. So we're also proposing in the new Finance Act that those who earn a minimum wage will be exempted completely from personal income tax. These provisions, which complement the tax breaks given to small businesses last year, will only further stimulate the economy, but are also a fulfillment of promises made to take steps to help reduce the cost of transportation and the impact of inflation on the ordinary Nigerians. I'll just pause at this point to make a comment about the reduction in duties on motor vehicles. The point of the reduction in levies on motor vehicles and commercial vehicles for transportation is to reduce the cost of transportation by reducing the cost of vehicles. With subsidy removal and the increase in fuel price and the pass-through to food prices, transportation costs of course had to be reduced. Now the automotive policy is directed at localizing production of vehicles. So the logic has always been and remains that if we increase the duty and levies on imported cars and imported vehicles, local production becomes more competitive. And this is a compelling argument and we stand by this argument. But the annual demand for vehicles is about 720,000 vehicles per year. But actual local production of vehicles today by the assembly plans that we have is in the order of about 14,000 vehicles a year. So 720,000 is the demand. 14,000 vehicles a year is the supply. So the problem is that at current rates of production, we will not meet the serious national needs. And this will just mean higher prices of vehicles and greater strain on other sectors of the economy that depend on transportation. At a time of a national economic emergency, especially with rising food prices, rising transportation prices, we certainly have to take some steps which we hope in the end will not necessarily ruin what we're trying to do in the auto sector and I'm going to explain why that is so. But also will energize other sectors of the economy that were depressed on account of high transportation costs. As I said, we're not giving up on the auto industry or the auto industry policy. Two important things to note. The first is that we still have relatively high duty. There's still a 40% in all where you add duty and the remaining 5% level. There's still a 40% level on cars. So there is a disincentive for importation. The second is that we are also promoting a policy that governments must buy only locally manufactured cars. So we'll be relying on the governments to buy, the federal government for one, is committing to buying only locally assembled cars.  And we believe that if governments themselves commit to buying locally produced vehicles, we will be able to take up most of what is being produced locally and of course begin a pathway to having our own auto industry as time goes on. This, as I said, this is an attempt to answer some of the issues that were raised. By the way, the Finance Act was discussed, the proposals of the Finance Bureau was discussed last Thursday. These proposals included at the National Economic Council meeting, which held last week Thursday. I go back to the speech. This is a speedy pathway. There is a speedy pathway out of the current recession. If we quicken the implementation of the economic sustainability plan, in addition with what we have done for MSMEs, the increased jobs and local production from agriculture, from housing and solar installations will serve to boost the economy. Indeed, when we complete the deployment of the 774,000 jobs, 1,000 jobs in every local government, this will give further impetus to these efforts. These programs will further improve sectors that are performing well, such as telecommunications and information services, which grew by 17.3% in the third quarter and the finance and insurance sector and agriculture and construction, which also grew in that period. Of course, an improvement in global economic conditions, including the restoration of global supply chains and the resumption of exports and remittances, should enable a V-shaped recovery. We expect in the same spirit of partnership that the private sector will complement these efforts by making maximum use of the provisions of the ESP and the finance bill when it is passed by the National Assembly and also by retaining and creating jobs so as to keep people at work. In a similar spirit of partnership, private sector enterprises should also pay their due taxes. In the context of planning the private sector, notably the Nigerian Economic Summit Group is working with the Ministry of Finance, Budget and National Planning to draw up a success on a medium-term plan to the economic recovery and growth plan, as well as a 2050 national vision. As work proceeds in a consultative manner on developing these plans and frameworks, it is clear that we must diversify the economy away from dependence on crude oil, and we must speed up human capital development and improve on infrastructure. Above all, our economy must be made more resilient to exogenous shocks. It's important for the private sector to play a key role as we work together to identify national priorities and to influence our future national trajectory. It is our conglomerates, our firms, our companies and businesses that must make use of existing opportunities while adjusting to changing global realities in trade, in finance, in geopolitics, in digital technologies and the environments, among other things. The recent ratification of the African continental free trade area and all of the agreements is particularly pertinent in this regard. Government work very closely with the private sector to undertake the AFCFTA impact and readiness assessment before signing up to the treaty. The private sector is also part of the National Action Committee for the Implementation of the AFCFTA Co-Chair by the Honorable Minister of Industry, Trade and Investment and the Honorable Minister of Finance, Budget and National Planning. The work of this committee is vital to ensure that Nigeria can participate effectively in the free trade area once trading starts. The private sector must contribute to the articulation of the national strategy, provide support to our negotiators and processes while taking full advantage of the opportunities provided by this free trade area. This government has always emphasized that the private sector has a critical role to play in our efforts to build a more resilient and competitive economy as expressed in the economic recovery and growth plan. Private companies in design and construction, in logistics, in transportation and finance are very much engaged in our infrastructural projects in power and rail, as well as roads and bridges and the installation of broadband infrastructure which is an essential requirement if Nigeria is to participate actively and benefit from the fourth industrial revolution. It goes without saying that partnerships remain essential to attract the resources for building a solid national infrastructural base. I'm pleased to inform in this regard that we are working actively with the Central Bank, the Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority and state governments under the auspices of the National Economic Council to design and put in place a 15 trillion infraco fund which will be independently managed. The infraco fund will help to close the national infrastructural gap and provide a firm basis for increasing national economic productivity and growth. Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, the incredible advantage of our very large youth population is evident for all to see. The challenge, of course, is that we must educate, equip, train and provide opportunities for them. Because of our numbers, that must be done on scale. Scale in education, in rescaling, in upscaling, in providing credit for young people, in technology, innovation, in manufacturing and in all other aspects of economic endeavor. So the collaboration amongst public, private and civil society is existential for us as a nation. We have no choice in doing so. Our entire budget of about 13 trillion is only 9% of GDP. 90% of GDP is actually provided by the private sector. So talking about a public-private partnership is really a no-brainer. We have absolutely no choice. We are committed to making that union and that synergy work. In closing, let me restate government's commitment to this dialogue process and assure you that we'll consider and adopt recommendations of the summit and ensure that they're implemented by relevant ministries, departments and agencies. It's my sincere wish that working together we will identify pathways to faster, equitable and sustainable growth that will underpin national development. It is in this regard that I look forward to receiving the report of the summit. It is now my honor and privilege to officially declare this 26th National Economic Summit open. Thank you very much.


Awesome. Thanks, Brian. And I agree that jetpack ride over our nodes, TSC, TSC land is always staggering in terms of the amount that's going on. And actually, if I go back to Brian's opening, you know, as I reflect on around the chaos and the complexity and the heartbreak that we've been amidst, I keep going back to, you know, the famous quote from Fred Rogers of Look for the Helpers, and I'm just so encouraged when I look at all of the activity within Hyperledger and all of what Brian described around the responses to whether it was PPE or supply chains, you know, or inclusion and just the response of this community is just is so encouraging and just, you know, it fires me up to, you know, to do even more and to connect in.  So I'm going to I'm going to channel my inter New Yorker and talk a million miles an hour and hopefully plant them, you know, planted up seeds for some great hallway or breakout conversations later. So so with that in mind, I want to cover three fundamental areas, the whole sustainability and inclusion space, the whole notion of governance and operation and kind of the, you know, where we are in this innovation wave with this technology, and then and then a little bit of a forward look around the combinatorial value of technologies and to Brian's point around our focus of multi-party systems and the recognition of the variety of architectural patterns and technologies at play with fundamentally rethinking how business ecosystems work. I'll try to land there. So just jumping straight into it and really the slides are there for just for just back, you know, backdrop here for my talk track. You know, Brian highlighted a few of the key focal areas.  Ultimately, in my mind, you know, transparency drives accountability, but more be more important empathy and empathy leading to action. And so the whole notion of shared data infrastructure, the whole notion of being able to connect connect parties across an ecosystem in new ways and have a single sources of truth and that transparency of information and this focus on on what, you know, more on what are we, what are we sharing versus what are we, what are we keeping secret and putting behind, you know, behind the wall gardens that were referenced. I think it's been just a tremendous trigger for what is also going on, which is the deepening and widening of the digital divide. And so when we think of digital inclusion and the barriers to entry that have existed before that are now just getting even worse, the importance of of the hyperledger community's focus on digital identity with Indy and Aries, the importance of rethinking money and the work that Brian referenced that we have a major focus on around central bank digital currency and the public good that a digitally native form of money entails and drives. This is just massively important as we rethink the billion people in this world who don't have access to any form of identity and are being left that much further behind. To work with ID 2020, the World Economic Forum, World Bank, there are just a whole host of parties together that we're reaching those first moments where we have governmentally approved constructs for working with the verifiable credentials and whether it's border crossing and travel, which has to get underway and the work that's going on between, you know, especially in Canada and the Netherlands around the Don't Travel or Digital Identity Initiative and that focus on Indian Aries. We've talked about this for years. It's hitting a whole nother level of intensity or the work around how is it that we get back to work and how do we prove that we've had the vaccine? How do we understand, you know, what we can do when and being able to work in a way that, you know, that is, you know, that is going to be a challenge for the digitally included, if we're not focused on those that are unbanked, underbanked or don't have any form of recognized identity, we're just missing just a critically important focus. And we're not, sorry, I should say it differently, we're not missing it. This community is on that mission and the more that we can do to work together, you know, is just going to be super important. If I extend that, we're seeing the first motions around really fundamentally rethinking the whole carbon economy, the whole, and it's not just carbon credits, although that's a really important part of it. If we think about the, you know, all of the challenges around the authenticity and genuine nature of carbon credits and their mission, but, you know, equally, if not more importantly, the behaviors around actually reducing carbon footprints across the board. Again, this is underpinned by the veracity, the authenticity, the genuine nature of the tokens that can be created to be associated with the carbon sinking behaviors. You know, to be able to be certain that they, the actual environmental or other benefits were actually achieved and and indoor. And how do we have that shared shared shared view into that world? How do we have that play into, into the, you know, the ecosystems around this, and then, you know, building from there, as we think about what's next and what's new. You know, the whole basis for the circular economies that need to, you continue to mature at speed to make sure that we're, you know, that we're reusing, but also thinking about the fairness and the responsibility, you know, in the, in the mix around the circular, you know, circular supply chains. A lot of work underway right now around what we call end-tier supply chain. Most, you know, traditionally when we've looked at this whole space, whether it's order to cash, order to cash procure to pay logistics, trade finance, these have all been largely independent domains with their own platforms, their own focus. And at the end of the day, they've all been ultimately talking about the same pallet of goods or the, you know, the same goods that are moving through it. And so that ability to bring those ecosystems together and not just talk about the buyer and supplier relationship, but the supplier, supplier, supplier, supplier's relationship all the way back to the original action of pulling something out of the earth or sewing it together or that, that earliest, earliest player in a supply chain and the fairness and inclusion that goes along with that. And if I go back to the theme of this whole space, that transparency, you know, being able to then drive empathy and action as we think about how to make supply chains more fair and equitable and link the original producers through to the end consumers, just wildly important. And there's wildly productive things that are kicking off in this community. And it's just great to see on, on the, on the, you know, it is Pride month. And, and I, you know, I'm really proud of the video that we showed at the beginning, you know, our focus on, on being inclusive as a community. Again, I've just been impressed with the lean in from this wider community and, and the dialogue and the action and the effort. I'm really proud of Peter Somo, Somo Gavari, I just put your just name. So Peter asses what we usually call him, Peter, I'm sorry. You know, he recognized that we had a, we've probably issues with our code, you know, just the use of language within code and he, he just on his own, you know, raised his hand and, and, or just, you know, put hand on keyboard and created some code to be able to search for inappropriate language, non inclusive language in the code that we're writing. It's efforts like this that across the board are thoughtfulness, our empathy, our ability to reach out and form communities. It's one of the special things about hyper ledger, and it's something that we just, you know, we just can't, can't emphasize enough and I love the lean in and we've got to do a lot more. If I pivot, sorry, I'm in control these slides, but by pivot to the next topic, governance and operation may sound like the most, you know, you know, a hard right turn from, from, you know, what I've just talked about with sustainability and inclusion. But at the heart of it, we're at the stage now with this technology and the work that's being done, our node talked about the island, the islands of implementation, I love that analogy, we talk about it that way all the time. If we're not focusing on the interoperability enough and we're leaning in with this on cactus and, and our partnering one, you know, great conversations with IBM around Weaver and and we'll now talk about the new one around how to bring these together, interoperability being critically important, but if I layer in some other aspects, if we're not building solutions that drive confidence in the ecosystems, if we're not able to demonstrate what it is, apply what it is to have systemically important infrastructure and build that confidence in these early, early solutions that are gaining scale and starting to connect those islands together to be interoperable. You know, we're going to be, you know, we're going to slow this, slow the pace of this and let me turn it around and say it more positively. I love the lead in from a lot from a number of different players around taking all of the exuberance, the brilliance, the innovation from the startup community and from all of the players around what's possible, balanced with the depth of experience in the industry around how things work, also balanced with dropping those orthodoxies around how things should work or have always worked and there's a number of needles to thread there in terms of taking the best of the nuanced complexities of a healthcare industry, of the core of financial services that, you know, that is not easily recognized or transparent to to a startup that has a fantastic idea or a team that has a fantastic idea within an enterprise, how to match that up with that industry depth to jointly challenge the orthodoxies and build to the core requirements that we all in this community know for corporate government solutions around what systemically important infrastructure looks like. The predictability, the scalability, the security, the auditability, the recourse, all of the characteristics that when we get to Main Street are absolutely required to have effective, enduring solutions that drive true value at scale. That balance is critically important and it's certainly a big theme of our work with clients and with members of this community as we think about how to implement responsible technology and if I really emphasize that word and I'm jumping, I'm going to jump ahead a little bit here. The whole notion, we've all heard the term of let's have security by design built into our solutions, let's have lots of talk now about how do we build privacy by design into our solutions. I think in this space, our ability to focus on the key characteristics of systemically important infrastructure and sustainability and inclusion, I think we add, you know, how do you build responsibility and inclusion by design into our solutions and empathy into our solutions. And if you put those things together and maybe two more that we can collectively brainstorm, you know, if we're having security, privacy, responsibility and empathy built into our solutions by design, we then are getting closer to the whole notion of trust by design. And that's really what's needed to be able to drive these solutions at scale in an effective manner.  I think this community's ability to get to come together and talk about the principles I think are no statement or a statement a few minutes ago around when is it too soon or to you know when is the right moment to talk about standards. And all of this plays together because I think the defining characteristic of this community is is that mission to build enterprise quality solutions that can drive the trust in the general public that can reach value at scale that can connect and match with all of the social, you know, societal values and policies that we all want to live by, you know, again tying back to inclusion and empathy, and and and underpinning real value. So, let me pivot to the, to the, you know, to the last concept that I want to spend some time on is, you know, looking out ahead at what comes next, and a lot of discussion I can think back to to, you know, or event in Canada and throughout throughout the hyper ledger events we've talked about the connections with other technologies, it's becoming even more important of an opportunity, and, and connecting these dots, whether it's, you know, whether it's with, you know, extended reality, quantum computing, AI classically machine learning, confidential compute, you know, IoT, the ability to stitch together the valuable components of these technologies and think through the combinatorial value is is crucial. You know, many of you have heard me talk about the others. There's always that moment when we're engaged in a large scale transformation where we've got a group of business runners and architects in a room and we're presenting the solution and in, you know, someone someone will chime up looking at the big, you know, big logical or technical architecture diagram and said well I thought this was blockchain. And, you know, you kind of point to the lower, you know, the lower corner of that architecture diagram and said it is in here's the really crucial component of it, but you need everything else that wraps together around it. You know, to make it work because ultimately, ultimately that you know the DLT aspects are primarily the systems of record part of it and you need the systems of engagement and, and reporting and the like and so the one piece that I want to call out and almost as a as a couple of arms but an invitation to the community to join us join join in the discussion and to work together on is I really think that we are we are at the beginning of the end of our 2D world. I think this conference where we're looking at each other on flat screens.  We're going to realize that that the orthodoxy that we've long held because of the limitations of the hardware that our digital world that by, you know, logically is unbounded in its in its creativity and, you know, is is artificially constrained in two dimensions. We don't have this notion even in our language of, of click for the page, you know, in effect is a direct pull from, you know, flipping the page in the catalog, right if we think about 2D commerce, and, you know, of the old, you know, catalogs we would get in the mail. The, the giant leaps forward around extended reality and virtual reality creating truly immersive digital experiences. When we think about what that means and what it needs. If we're not going to take the headset off to execute the transaction enter the credit card number be able to identify ourselves. You know, if we have to do that we lose, and we're and we're holding on to the old orthodoxies. What we know what's what's in front of us is to be able to fundamentally rethink this this immersive world that we can build in a digital construct with the hardware that's available to be able to identify oneself in a virtual environment to be able to identify the agent and associate the entitlements of that agent to ourselves as they acted in a virtual capacity to be able to the ability to work with a digitally native currency in that virtual environment to make you know to make a the you know, the transactions and payments and the exchange of value, you know, seamless and easy. There's just a massive wild innovation frontier that's that's ahead of us that's going to play out over the next few years, and it is founded and underpinned by our work here around the whole notion of of digital objects of being able to have a unique object in the digital world for which you can definitively know who owns it, you know, I hold it right now and I pass it to Brian and now Brian holds it and I don't and that ability to have a unique digital it's entitlements to encode the business logic into it. All of these are the predicate capabilities to be able to create that immersive 3D world that the hardware now is unlocking for us to be able to make you know make pragmatic and and tap into just you know incredible value pools that are ahead of us. I wouldn't call that one out in particular because it does tie together so many different of our core elements of identity of currency of shared infrastructure of digital objects. So if you want to you know we've been talking about digital objects for years if you want to just substitute nft God bless but you know it's a we've we've all been at this for years and I'm slow to I'm slow to not not referred to as a digital object, but but that you know that that's crucially important and then take it a step further, and in terms of the combination of technologies that integration between our physical world and our digital world is going to be that much more important. So we need to definitively associate that digital objects to the physical one or the physical human and the relationship between the two, again, predicated on shared data infrastructure, uniqueness of credentials and the like and we're, we are the predicate capabilities for that that's going to get unlocked and so the more that we can now raise up and look, you know look over the parapet and or let me use go back to what our node referenced, build those bridges between the islands of technology and twisting the analogy now. Building the bridges to the other technical domains and the possibilities and creating the combination architectures that that bring you know extended reality quantum computing distributed ledger technology confidential compute ai iot together is just wildly important and one of the most fun that we're having and will and will yield just incredibly, I think inspiring, you know, progress across a number of different domains. So, I've, I've hopefully planted a few seeds around things that fire me up and and that I'm, you know, really proud to be engaged with this to to work and drive towards a much better future. I love this, you know, that they this this phrase of let's let's let's join together. Let's do incredible things. I think this community's got such a such a massive set of resources and experience and skills and thinking. I just every time I spend time with the hyper ledger community I'm inspired, inspired to an engaged and and we find lots more dot dots that connect and that's what the hyper ledger global form is all about is is let's connect more of those dots let's join together, and let's drive some really inclusive sustainable valuable responsible technology based change. Turn back over you. Thank you, David, I really mind expanding really appreciate all the references to different technologies and touch points there. I'd love to also highlight and thank Accenture. There's two things coming up today that I want to make sure all of you attend one is a session on diversity and inclusiveness hosted by Accenture taking place about halfway through the different sessions so you'll see it on the agenda there. So that that's that's right at about a break time but it's it's a nice chunky 30 minutes of really great content again centering diversity and so much of what we do also want to highlight an experience event happening after the sessions are over. This is as close as we get to kind of a chance to let our hair down. I hear there's some interesting trivia questions as well at that event so I will see many of you there. David thanks for all your support for the hyper ledger community and we'll see you again soon. Thank you so much for your leadership and yeah glad to be here. Thanks.