Hello Foundation staff, this is level 2 researcher Theron Sherman, and today's broadcast is regarding just a really weird one, okay? Item number SCP-063-J Object Class? Not Euclid. Special Containment Procedures SCP-063-J is to be stored in a Standard Issue Foundation Aquatic Containment Box. During the winter months, SCP-063-J may be checked out for experimentation, with explicit permission from O5-2. Due to previous frequent containment breaches, at no point during the summer is SCP-063-J allowed to be removed from its container. Description SCP-063-J is a surface made of polyvinyl chloride resin with topological genus Zero. When filled, SCP-063-J most closely resembles a sphere. Experts to characterize the shape of SCP-063-J while empty, beyond trivial topological classification, are ongoing but have been described as frustrating and pointless. The anomalous properties of SCP-063-J manifest in two distinct effects. The first is that any individual that is made aware of SCP-063-J undergoes a compulsion to bring it to the immediate vicinity of the nearest large body of water that the individual deems clean. This effect appears to be seasonal. The second is that SCP-063-J cannot be classified as Euclid. Junior researcher Ryman was recalled from his vacation to investigate the second anomalous effect. Alright, we got a table here with a few tests. Prompt, Junior researcher Ryman was asked to fill SCP-063-J. Test, inflated SCP-063-J halfway before running out of breath, took a 5 minute rest then continued. Result, success. Prompt, Junior researcher Ryman was asked to classify the geometry of a filled SCP-063-J. Test, spent 7 hours trying to draw two parallel lines on SCP-063-J. Result, failure. Prompt, Junior researcher Ryman was asked to draw a triangle with angles adding up to 180 degrees on SCP-063-J. Spent 4 hours drawing before running out of Sharpie ink. Result, please it's a beach ball. Note from Junior researcher Ryman. Okay, I don't know how many times I have to explain this. Just because things are non-Euclidean doesn't mean that they are anomalous or spooky. So what if you can't draw parallel lines on it or sum the angles of a triangle to 180? It's a beach ball. There are so many other interesting geometries like hyperbolic or seafert fibers. And look, I've been thinking about one that tracks the inner product on an arbitrary smooth manifold and… update. Junior researcher Ryman's access to SCP-063-J has been revoked, because something is wrong with him. Junior researcher Ryman is also no longer allowed to talk about esoteric geometries. This concludes today's broadcast. Please like, comment, subscribe, and hit the bell using your encrypted YouTube account and support the broadcast at patreon.com slash site 42.


We, as people are not to blame for what's what's going on on our on our planet. We are fed. And we do have a personal responsibility. Yes. But I think that education and just just a personal responsibility but I think that the corporations are getting away with literally murder sometimes, you know, and, and there needs to be some accountability and I don't know how, as a little guy, I can hold these people to account.  Maybe your role is to contribute to the field of consciousness in which that accountability will happen. Because you're you're you're feeling of helplessness in the face of this monstrous machine that is destroying the earth on a spiritual shall we say level that feeling is the result of lies that you have been fed. And something in you knows that your choices in service to life are significant through some mysterious process, you know that like those moments even if it's invisible to everybody in the world and it doesn't go viral, and no one ever finds out about it. When you choose to, you know, relate to a child to play with a baby to plant a tree to make your garden a little more beautiful like any of these things send ripples of causality out that are not recognized by standard modern reductionistic thinking. But we have to understand, we have to trust the part of ourselves that knows that we are powerful. And what the expression of that may look like, that's going to be different for every person. And sometimes it may fit your received idea of how the world works, and you're going to help hold somebody to account. Maybe that is your role. But maybe it's not. And the only way you can know if in this moment my action is serving a more beautiful world is to tune into your inner compass. And everybody has this capacity, and we are powerful.


In 2012, there were 213 million pregnancies all over the world, 85 million of which were estimated to be unwanted. That's a good 40% of the pregnancies that year. 50% of the unwanted pregnancies were aborted, and 13% ended up in miscarriage, but 38% resulted in an unplanned birth. That's a whopping 32 million babies that their mothers or families didn't want, and they were almost 23% of all the 140 million babies born that year.


10 Best Expense Tracker Apps, learn to get organized. Hey guys, in this video I'm gonna go through the 10 Top Expense Tracker Apps. Now why do you need this? Well because the successful people tell us that they look at their finances, they look at their spending, they look at where their money's going. Now these apps, if used properly, will only take you a few minutes a week and you'll be on top of things. So you're gonna wanna watch this to the very end for the best for you. Thank you so much for watching this video. Don't forget to subscribe. Hit that subscribe button. Turn it from red to gray. Don't forget, turn on all bell notifications. Turn on all bell notifications so you're notified each time I go live or if I upload a new video. Okay, the first one I wanna talk to you about is Mint. Mint is a pretty cool one. You can get it for 99 cents a month with ads supported or you can get it for 4.99 a month in an iOS system with no ads whatsoever. And you also get free management. I think one of the best features to this is it has a bill tracker so you never miss a payment. You never have a late payment fee again. Okay, if you're budget minded and you don't wanna spend a lot of money, Mint is the best way to go. It will track your spending, your account, your bank accounts, your credit cards, your spending, everything, all in one app. And at a single glance, you can tell exactly where all your money is, how much you've got and what direction you're heading. Number two is Every Dollar. Every Dollar is a pretty cool app. It's been developed by Dave Ramsey, the budget expert. I remember I started listening to Dave Ramsey in the probably late 90s. He was a local radio host in Nashville, Tennessee and I started listening to him. But he's blown up into a big financial guy. He came up with this app and it's called Zero-Based Budgeting. What is Zero-Based Budgeting? Zero-Based Budgeting is where every dollar has a place, okay? So you're either going to pay bills with it, you're going to use it on expenses, you're going to save the money or you're going to give it to charity, but it always has a place it's going to go. Now the fee for this app is $9.99 a month or you can get the upgraded version for $99 a year, which I recommend doing because if you're going to spend $9.99 a month, you're going to spend $120 a year. Why would you do that, okay? Unless you don't plan on sticking with it. But you're going to. I promise you will this time. I do like Zero-Based Budgeting and the reason I like that is because every dollar gets a sign. Now some people don't like this app as much because it doesn't set up a budget for you, it lets you manually do it, but I like it, I think it's a great app, you ought to check it out. Number three is Simplify. Now Simplify was developed by Quicken. They know finances. The cost for this app is going to be $3.99 a month or for an entire year, $47.88. Now that's a good deal, but they'll also give you a 30-day free trial. It's going to track all your expenses for you. It's going to integrate your accounts. And it has a cool feature where if you want to target in on maybe how much money do I spend eating out, you can target in just on that particular category so you can adjust it so that you can save money. Now Simplify is really good for those people who want to integrate all their accounts. Know exactly what they're spending in every area, but have a more fluid type account. It's not as strict. You can change the budget in there as you see fit. Check it out. Simplify by Quicken. Number four is called Support Pay. Now Support Pay was actually devised for parents who are separated or divorced, but they're raising children. There is a free version of this where you can upload two expenses and two receipts. Not real helpful. You're going to need to get the paid version, which is $14.99 a month or only $99 a year. Now the top feature is this has automated certified expenses for court hearings. So if you're paying money for a child or you're paying support or something along those lines, then you can actually use this for court appearances or anything you need to submit to the court. Now with this app, you can actually take pictures of receipts, upload them and share them with the other parent. In addition to that, you can also dispute a expense in there, one parent or the other parent, and then you got to agree on it. I think the cool thing it does is it removes the emotions. You just have an app and you have expenses in there. There's no arguments or anything. It's just, you know, these are the expenses. This is what I paid. This is what you paid. It's a great app if you have a child that you are sharing custody of with another adult. Number five is called center expense. Now center expense is an interesting app. It's actually used for small businesses. The founders say they noticed that a lot of small businesses had a hard time doing batch uploads of information. So this app actually centers all around a card called a center card. The center card is used by employees and the company, and that card automatically uploads all the expenses and categorizes them so that you're always on top of what your company's spending. They have targeted really businesses with employees from 50 to 500 people. However, larger companies from 500 to 2,000 employees are now getting involved and they see the benefits of center expense using their center card. Now the next one, number six is digits. Digits is an interesting app. It analyzes all of your expenses, your spendings, how much money you've got coming in, how much you've got going out. But here's what it does. It's based in AI and it learns from every transaction you put in there. So if it sees something looks abnormal, it will actually notify you of this so that you can take the appropriate action. This is a great app if you want to analyze your expenses and catch any mistakes, errors, or problems that you may have in your accounting. Now it's currently free, but that is subject to change. So keep that in mind. Number seven is shoeboxed. There's a reason they're called that. The cost of this app is anywhere from $29 to $89 a month or for the annual plan from $23 to $71 a month. Now the reason it's called shoeboxed is because this is for people who have a lot of receipts. This could be businesses, this could be individuals. They will actually send you prepaid envelopes where you can put the receipts in them, ship them to shoebox, and they will make them a digital image and you'll have that for your file. So if you've got a lot of receipts being collected all over the place, this may be the app for you. You're going to receive about a 25% discount if you do the annual plan, so that would be the way to go if you have a lot of those receipts sitting around. The only problem with this app is it's only available on Apple devices iOS. Number eight is Expensify. Now Expensify is a little different. Expensify is for somebody who works for a company and they need to give them their receipts, their cost of what they've spent and get reimbursed for it. The free version will let you upload up to 25 smart scans a month, but individual plans started actually 4.99 a month. This app is really designed for workers who have to turn in records for expenses, for driving, for fuel, for meals, whatever it may be. That's who this is actually designed for. Now it will store your information indefinitely and it's really good for those people who need to track their mileage and get reimbursed for it. The next app is called Zero. Zero is a pretty cool app and it's more for small businesses, maybe freelancers, that type of thing. The cost for this app is anywhere from $12 to $65 a month depending on the amount of support that you want. It has an automated feature where it can actually scan receipts, emails, and text to get that information into the system. It's really designed for small businesses who need a cloud-based system for their financial management. Now you can sync this app with your bank accounts and the cool thing about it is it actually integrates with a whole lot of other apps which can be very useful. Now there are several different levels on this anywhere from $12 to $65, like I said. However, each one does come with a free 30-day trial. And rounding it all out, we have your banking app. It's called your banking app. What your banking app does is it actually integrates with your bank account. Now I understand that a lot of banks have their own apps and all this, but your banking app is pretty nice and your bank may not have an app that you like or they may not even offer one. But it tracks your spending, your expenses, and it's really good for people who use one bank account to do everything out of it. And keep in mind, this is a free app that doesn't even cost you anything. So if you want to stay away from those paid apps, go with your banking app. Again, it's free. I hope this helps you out. I hope you have a better understanding of some of these apps. I think nowadays we really all need one of these apps for the simplicity of life. I mean, remember the days when you had to actually balance your checking account.  You don't have to do that anymore. For a couple dollars a month, you can get one of these apps and it'll take care of all of that for you. I think that is awesome. It'll look for abnormalities. It'll help you find things in there that shouldn't be in there because let's face it, we don't all look at every transaction or our accounts, do we? So this will help you find that too. I hope you found this useful. If you did, and keep in mind, if you're running an online business, you need one of these apps. But if you like it, make sure you share it with your friends. Give me a thumbs up if you would. Don't forget to subscribe. Hit that subscribe button. Turn it from red to gray. And don't forget to ring the bell. I love you. I appreciate you being here. I appreciate you helping me build this channel. Let's keep going. I'll talk to you real soon.


Welcome to KubeCon EMEA 2021 and my lightning talk. I'm Rob Esker from NetApp. I'd like to offer to the extent that I can within five minutes a few of our observations from NetApp in our years of having worked with the employers and of course as practitioners ourselves. A few things, primarily from the lens of storage and data management that hopefully can inform how you look at and approach and operate Kubernetes. Let me just start with a little bit about NetApp. I mentioned or alluded to, we worked with many thousands of customers since the inception. We contribute to the storage sites, data protection working group and of course the container storage interface specification as well. Our customers brought us to the conversation. We use Kubernetes ourselves to power many of our cloud services. We'll have more to talk about on that in actually the coming months. So this is not just a scenario where providing capabilities vis-a-vis Kubernetes but also building our own products based in part on Kubernetes. So a little bit about, I guess on the editorial end about Kubernetes. I'd offer that we have seen from our customers kind of a realization or a epiphany process of epiphany where there's an understanding that Kubernetes is maybe not necessarily strictly just an evolution of more hypervisor VM based classic infrastructure as a service that indeed it's a predominantly a desired state machine, particularly useful for automating scaling and life cycle of applications. Mostly thought to be predicated on containers but actually not entirely confined to that when you look at things like Q-Verb. That said, it's an important sort of calibration at the outset that there are some things that are a little bit different about Kubernetes than what you might have expected from a VM and it surrounding ecosystem as a runtime. So just to start with that, one of the things in particular, if you add kind of a time dimension to understand Kubernetes is at the beginning it was really built of, can I take a quote unquote cloud native application built of a 12 factor application model, which maybe didn't necessarily really kind of thought that the only way to persist data was in an object. And can I deliver it and of course it did that well but that was a bit limiting in terms of the style and kind of computational problem for which Kubernetes could be applied. So it was certainly the case that from the outset we seek to engage to help in the community context evolve a more sophisticated construct a lot CSI for accessing distinguishing qualities of storage not strictly it's an object here but like I have something that I have multiple access modes to interact with perhaps many writers against a common bite range. There's different access modes that have evolved in Kubernetes for accessing data sets. There's a notion of storage classes for which you can define distinguishing capabilities that one application may demand versus another. And from a net perspective we have provided those capabilities in all of the public cloud most recognizable public clouds in a variety of different services. We've wedded them to Kubernetes with a project called Trident and we built that into a new capability called Astra which takes sort of an application centric perspective of delivering sophisticated persistence that's portable in the same way that a work an actual application itself may be portable for Kubernetes from one place to another whether it's across the public clouds or on-prem. You know a few things I'd also offer just kind of rapid fire style in terms of things we've seen do not perceive that default security you know intelligent defaults aren't necessarily always accounted for vertically across the entirety of the stack. You know secrets are they in fact secret actually no they're not the case I encourage you to look at Kubernetes documentation actually by default everything's stored as an unencrypted string they can be retrieved as plain text by anyone with you know the necessary API access. Think about the underpinning persistent volumes and who has access to it and from what layer. So security is not necessarily a simple topic I have heard in the most recent cloud native computing foundation governing board meeting only 6% of the folks who have attempted the CKS examination so far have passed it. Now that's early data that could change the point is it's not a simple topic. I do want to make a quick plug there's a ton of topics we'd love to engage with you on at NetApps Virtual Booth here at KubeCon and thank you for the opportunity and your time. Have a great KubeCon.


Welcome back, as the breakfast and plus TV Africa, the conversation continues. We look at the fact that the central bank of Niger has increased the interest rate to 13 percent from 11.5 percent. We have Muktak Mohamed and standby, he joins the conversation in no time. But just before then a little bit of a background, the central bank of Niger on Tuesday raised the interest rate to 13 percent for the first time in two years. That's from 11.5 percent to 13 percent, like we mentioned, 13.5 percent. Now, justifying the increase, the CBN governor, Godwin Mepheli, said the MPC is suspicious there might be an aggressive creation of inflation and to prevent the looming inflation, he said the MPC had to increase the monetary policy rate by 150 basis point. Meanwhile, the nation's Apex Bank retained the asymmetric corridor around the MPR at plus 100 slash minus 100 basis point and cash reserve ratio at 27.4 percent and liquidity ratio at 30 percent. Six members actually voted to the increase by the MPR by 150 basis and four members by 100 basis point and one member by 50 basis point. But this is some of the semantics of this monetary policy. We'll just get straight to it now. Muktak Mohamed is on standby. Thank you for joining us this morning. Thank you. Good morning. All right. So let's get to the conversation. What do you make of this increase by the central bank of Nigeria and the justification for this? They are looking at looming inflation. Well, normally interest rate is often increased. I mean, the increase in interest rate is often used to tackle, I mean, used to fight inflation that is driven by demand and not to tackle inflation that is driven by cost of cost and chain disruption. So what do I mean? If you have a high demand of a good and services, then you begin to increase rate to fight good demand to bring down inflation. But in our own course, our inflation is driven by cost of goods and this cost is coming from the area of cost of production. And so you talk about supply chain destruction, which happened to do with international problem that has to do with the pandemic and also now with the Russian Ukraine crisis. So when you look at this, then you are not so much excited about that the civilian have been able to increase rate because humanity does effectiveness of those incrementing rate because we are looking at the inflation is always driven by two major three major segment depending on where you are. We look at the cost of production can drive inflation high. Then you look at the market induced inflation. Then you can also look at the microeconomy induced inflation. Now in Nigeria at the moment we are tackling cost induced inflation, market induced inflation, and then microeconomy induced inflation. So by the time you increase rates, you will not be able to see the effectiveness of this trade because you are not fighting inflation that has to do with demand. You are tackling inflation. So what does this really mean now? What does this translate to Nigerians? I mean for a person who would have to go to the market, a person who would have to transact, we are talking about buying and selling. What does this mean? Well, we are hoping that we have Muktak Mohammed join the conversation. I am sure that he wasn't even done with his thoughts right when he was talking about their measures. You probably have to increase the rate at a certain time, but at this point in time we are looking at does not what should be obtainable. So invariably what is expected is that inflation rate should be increased when you have the law of, I mean it's basic that you have demand and supply on top of the table. But it's not the case that you have inflation that the CBN is trying to control by deliberate action. I mean this is like you have the cost of goods and services on the high. He has mentioned all the factors and it doesn't really seem like it's a brilliant idea, however. Yes, yes indeed. Right now, I mean Thuyi, I guess Dr. Thuyi who was, he had talked about monkeypox, could not help but talk about the economy, to me, of the aim when he sat here, mentioned a few things, a few words about the economy. I do not know if investors and the public generally still has confidence in the government and the operators and the midwifers of the macro economy being the central bank of Nigeria to do a good job. It's the central bank, how have they fed, how has the governor of central bank of Nigeria who is heading this operation, even though they have the MPC being the monetary policy committee that votes, the central bank is seen to be the one in charge of the macro economy of the country. And of course coming up with these monetary policies, to stabilize the economy, to stabilize the Naira, to address inflation, things are in a mess as we speak. And so I mean, if you have things in a mess, you cannot be said to be doing well. The situation is not helped by the fact that the central bank of Nigeria governor is being, you know, distracted with his political campaign or political aspirations, even at the time, in the midst of the economic situation we have in the country, at the time and the audacity to go to court, to try and force INEC to allow him not to resign, stay in office as central bank of Nigeria governor while running a campaign to become the president of Nigeria. It's beyond words, I don't have the words to describe the situation. But Mukta Muhammad is back on Zoom with us. And Mukta, can you hear me please? Mukta, can you hear us please? All right, we seem to still have that collection issue. So it is beyond words that should be said on television to describe and, you know, what's going on. Your house is on fire, literally. Your house is on fire. Some floors have been burnt. You have just a few floors to salvage. And instead of going to carry water, you're carrying water, but you're also going to the fast food restaurant to buy food to eat before coming back. Let's just allow this period pass and let them go with their wahala. Maybe we can salvage economy. It's baffling. And the man who is still in office, he left the court. We drew his case from the court. He went to court to tell the judge to force INEC to allow him run a campaign and vie for the office of the president while remaining in office as central bank governor. Only for President Buhari to say all political appointees who want to vie for these political positions, resign. And then he withdrew his case from court. And he's still in the job, mercy. No, but I thought you said that it was okay for people to have personal interests. You know how the narrows, I'll show you where the narrows in free fall. No, but I thought you said... So, you know, right now, we should just manage ourselves and allow it may feel a go. So we have a guess there. I mean, I was going to take it. Yes, let us manage things, you know. Muqtakh Mohammed, it's good to have you join us back this morning. We apologize, you know, for the back and forth with connection with you. Can you hear us, Muqtakh Mohammed? Yeah, I can hear you clearly. Now, I deduce from your conversation that the reason for this rate increase is not necessarily dependent on demand and supply. And so you went ahead to mention some other factors and... Yes, what I was saying is that inflation, if you want to know how effective your increasing rate could be, is where you are tackling inflation in the area of demand. But our own problem is that we are going to be tackling inflation in the area of cost of production. And if you are tackling cost of production and construction supply, incrementing interest rate does not always give you the desired results. That is exactly what I would say. Now, when you look at what drives negative inflation, you look at cost of production, you look at microeconomy, and then you look at market induce. Now, if you look at these three areas, you realize that we are not going to have any result by incrementing rate. Because when you are talking about cost of production, you are talking about cost of good and services. And when you are talking about cost of production, you also look at whether it's a structure that has the cost of this cost of production, that making cost of production to go high. Now, we look at the price of diesel, because it seems to be no power in existence. So the cost of diesel has worked from 300 to 650. So, and then that means the cost of production and any good transference from the manufacturing sector has to go up to meet up with the price that have been in cost on diesel. Then secondly, when you look at market induce inflation, you are looking at the microeconomy. And when you look at what the city and its saying that the cost of going is going to go high, and what it means that those companies that are going is going to cost them more to pay for the fund that they have borrowed. So they are going to transfer that into the consumers. Then when you look at demand and supply, demand and supply will still be high, because what is causing it is the effects with volatility. And we are not addressing that yet. Even if CDN isn't okay by this, we are going to attract a fixed income investment, which could be good. But look at it this way, the fixed income investment is not going to come, because when you look at the potential between the parallel market and the input export market, no investors want to come into your market, your own market control by 424.30. And when you have the parallel market, there has been a fixed amount. So when you look at all this, it doesn't seem to add up to be able to tackle inflation. Rather, in the short term, we might see inflation go up. Muhtar Mohamed, do you feel that this is also connected or not unconnected with the culture, the four-yearly culture of a lot of money in circulation during political campaigning ahead of the general elections? Do you feel this is also sort of a defensive move to protect the economy in terms of the inflation rate and also to protect the Naira? Because a lot of money is going to be thrown out into the public. We see 100 million Naira in over. Yes. You see, I was listening to the chairman of the change or the president of the change. And he said that you don't have more confidence in the polar than in the Naira. You and I know that most politicians are not stuck in their houses with Naira. They are stuck in it with polar. So when you're looking at that, how much can CBN control the liquidity flow in the area of dollar? So they cannot because they don't even know the amount of dollars as in circulation. Meaning in our own Naira, you cannot be exactly say this is a normal stagnation. So you begin to say, okay, you want to use some other parameters to reduce it. So it's a big challenge for them. I know they are looking at the political area. There will be a lot of liquidity in the system. But what form of liquidity? Is it coming in the form of a currency or is it coming in the form of dollar? Okay. So quickly, what do you think this would mean for an average Nigerian or an Nigerian? What does this translate into? Does it affect or impact on us in any way? Well, we have to let you go at this point, not deliberately, but we're at a time and of course, the network is not in our favor. Thank you so much, Muktak Mohamed for being part of the show this morning. He's an economist and has been trying to make us understand the impact and the dynamics of having that increase from 11.5% to 13.5%. That's much we can take this morning on the breakfast. I am Messia Boko. And I'm Kofi Bartels. We'll return tomorrow with very interesting conversations on the breakfast. We have more programming ahead on Plasti, the Africa's Louise. Keep watching. Good morning.


What typically causes what we hear about the boom and bust cycles associated with oil and gas development? Boom bust cycles are incredibly frequent in any kind of extractive resource activity, right? Whether it's oil and gas development or coal mining or anything like that and they they tend to happen because you have a Really rapid ramp up in supply, right? So you'll have a number of different companies that will come into a drilling area They'll drill very rapidly because they want to get their oil or their gas to market, right? And so you have a really rapid increase in supply and then that Tends to run into two bottlenecks that constrain that increase in supply the first is that The it it can be it can be hard as the as the supply increases to move the oil or gas to places where it's actually used Because the pipeline infrastructure can't always keep up in lockstep with the increase in production in certain locations The second bottleneck is that when the market gets flooded with product, right? When it gets flooded with oil or gas then in over a shorter time horizon, there's only so much demand there, right? there's only so many homes to heat there's only so many power plants to run there's only there's only so many cars and So when you have this market that's flooded with supply Then the price tends to crash, right? So when the price tends to crash additional production becomes uneconomic and you go into the bus cycle well, you're in the bus cycle for a while and eventually demand and That infrastructure to move oil and gas around catches up so demand will go up, right? Because the price has been so low, right? So demand goes up there's additional infrastructure to move product the price goes back up and low and behold that lures companies back in to do additional drilling and additional production and Which then tends to dip further depress the price And so then you go back into the bus cycle and these cycles of boom and bust tend to repeat themselves


Hey guys, Shabear1000 here. Today in the paranormal realm, I'm gonna show you a clip of something I captured at a haunted train trestle. Now the story goes that a woman was on this train trestle and a train was coming and she got hit by the train because she couldn't get off of the trestle in time. Now if you go back and look at that video, it's an old video, but I was up on the train trestle and yeah, by the time I seen the train, I mean, it was like a minute by the time I got off there and the train got to me. But as I got off the tracks, down in the lower right-hand corner of the screen, you'll see what I believe to be an apparition or say a ghost, okay? This was like 11, 11.30 at night and I was up on the trestle trying to check this out to see if the claims could be validated as that maybe she didn't get off there in time and yes, that is possible. But it is said that she was killed there years and years ago and this clip is an older clip but I think you'll find it interesting. I've got an arrowed a couple of times. I played this several times for you so you should be able to see it pretty well. So take a look at it and see what you think. I believe it to be an apparition. I believe it to be a ghost. It's just the way it moves and the way it kind of forms.  So take it with a grain of salt or whatever but that's what the camera caught. I wasn't smoking, it wasn't cold out but it wasn't eerie mist and I believe it to be a manifestation. So again guys, thanks for watching. I appreciate it. And remember, she bear the myth, the man alleged I'm gone for now. Y'all have a good one and stay safe out there.


Live from New York, it's theCUBE covering Big Data NYC 2015. Brought to you by Hortonworks, IBM, EMC, and Pivotal. Now your host, Dave Vellante and George Gilbert. Back to the Big Apple everybody. This is theCUBE, we're here live at Big Data NYC as part of Strata and Dadoop World. Larry Weber is here, he's the director of Cloud Services at IBM. Larry, great to see you, welcome to theCUBE. Hey, thanks for having me. So, we were talking a little off camera, but this is sort of a new part of IBM. The capability within Piziano's analytics group, it's not part of the cloud group, it's part of the analytics group, that's why you're here at Strata and Dadoop World. So, give us the lay of the land. Where do you fit within the IBM organization? Yeah, sure, so Cloud Data Services, as it is, was created earlier this year, very beginning of the year, I think I came on board to that team around March. But it's something that started, I think, last year. You think about, hey, we acquired a company called Clouded early in the year, and around the same time, we actually came out with Bluemix. And Bluemix is a platform as a service, came out with a handful of services in it, and it was around our CEO basically saying, hey, we're gonna do Cloud and do it real serious. And since that period of time, it's been about a year, Bluemix has exploded with different services, different things that are in it, whether it play with for developers, anything from internet of things all the way through Watson itself, different services are put there.  So, composable data services, and not just a database, but it could be anything from Cloud Int, could be DashDB, could be Big Insights or Hadoop, even if Spark is a beta in there. And so, what we're doing here, it's almost like the Wild West, right? We're doing it around the developers and the people that are leveraging this. It's inherently different than, let's say, back in the day, you go in to talk to somebody, hey, here's a PowerPoint, we're gonna deliver this over the next, I don't know, 10 months or whatever it is, we need a lot of integrators.  I can go in, show ingesting Twitter feeds, live into the database, show the results. People can get started right away with this stuff, which is inherently different than some of the old legacy systems that we've had. So the mission is to package these composable services and then how do you go to market? Yeah, so most of it is around Bluemix right now, as a delivery platform for Cloudy services. But it's really looking at the developer, okay? The developer and the builder. Cloudint, when it actually came around, had a great, great legacy around helping developers and helping them build new apps and the latest great technologies based on their, you know, Cloud is a JSON data store, build the greatest apps on that. And what we've done is we've actually expanded that portfolio to say, well, there's a lot of different data types people need. It's not just Cloudint or JSON, it's not just a data warehouse. Could be Hadoop, could be Spark, could be Streams for all I know. We really want to be able to access and allow these developers and builders, give them the tools, go create the next company, create the next program, the next application, and do it today. And I think a lot of that is around, how we go to market too is, one thing that was great that came around from Cloudint was we have developers in IBM and engineers, okay? We tap them, they build awesome, great technology. Cloudint also has a group called Dev Advocates or developer advocacy. And what they do, they're kind of like, I'd say like data ninjas based on their domain. Their job is to study the data, look what customers are asking for, help customers out and just build solutions based on it. And then even open source it. You have trouble getting like some third party data, whether it be from Salesforce. We actually can actually, the developers will actually develop our advocates will go out there and build and grow and create the structure and then give it away and say, hey, anyone wants to access this, go at it. And it's phenomenal. It's a different way that we're actually helping out the environment, build out new applications. Yeah, it's interesting, IBM announced Bluemix, I guess that was early last year. Is that right, April of last year maybe? And you kind of put it out there. Hey, we're here. Yep. And it was a little unclear to me anyway, what was going to happen and you're right, it's just exploded. I mean, it's become the sort of tip of the spear for development within the IBM ecosystem. Where are you seeing the uptake? You mentioned everything, IoT, streaming apps, real time. Are you seeing any patterns developed? Well, let's think, there's been a couple, right? People like to kick the tires. And so a lot of the hot topics be like Watson, IoT, people will go look around and play with it. I've seen two different fronts here, specifically to the data services. So actually there's a number of use cases around data warehousing, but I've seen a lot of people come in and say, all right, I've got an existing data warehouse. I need to do something today. I don't have access to all those repositories right now. I have to ask permission or hey, I've hit my limit, but I want to build something or I want to try something out, even just throw some new reports up. And this is where we see a lot of traction, right? Dave, just roll up the cloud, monthly service. I can now take data off, play with it. Oh wait, wait a second, awesome. And so that's a big one. It's really the time more than the cost. This allows, enables different people in the organization to get answers faster. So what about, like you were saying, and Dave was saying, you know, Internet of Things, other use cases, are you designing it to start with a certain set of use cases where you say this is our sweet spot and then, you know, we'll leave these others for second priority, or are you following the market and following developer interest? I think both, okay, and I think early on it was a little bit of guesswork. These are kind of what we're hearing. And then over the past year, you've seen the market kind of dictate what we come out with. The best way to think of it, and some of the ways it's developed was, I tell the story of Two Little Boys, and you know, one of the things I love in Hater Legos, right?  Step on it. Right? And it's one of those things that these are like building blocks. Okay, they truly are these services, but then again, like Legos sometimes have the kits. These overly expensive cars and you get the middle manual instruction for it. We have boiler plates or blueprints to do things like Internet of Things that would then allow different services in there. And then you actually pull it up, read it, say, oh, this is how I get started. This is where I begin. Tell us about some of these blueprints. And then also tell us about some of the composable service. Give us a little more detail on those and maybe dive a little deeper on DashDB. Yeah, sure. So some of the blueprints and their stuff, and one of the things with the Bluemix that kind of gets me is you can look today and then look next week and there's new stuff already there. It's not just limited to just IBM technology. We have third-party technologies in there as well. It's a bigger ecosystem. But there are things like Internet of Things, is definitely one of them. Leverages clouding as no sequel.   Hey, I want to develop an app for an Apple phone. That starter kit is already in there. You open it up, it tells you what services you're going to need. And by the way, most of this stuff is free to play with. So you're like, ah, let's kick the tires. Let's start out something new. Let's develop a new app. And then, whoa, wait a second, this is really taken off. Now let's pay, let's invest. There's, jeez, there's other development starter kits, different language types that it supports. Trying to think of a few others. Oh, one that's fun. It's not, I don't know if it's a starter kit for it, but it's Twitter. We have the Twitter partnership. We take Twitter data and you can actually load that live into any of the data services you want. So, okay. So sorry, I didn't interrupt this. So in that example, a developer gets access to the Twitter firehose through you guys. Is that right? Yeah, it's actually, it's a service called Insights for Twitter, if I remember. And it's free up to a certain amount of tweets. But yeah, you can actually go, I could roll up right now, you know, call up, hey, I'm going to do a tweet on the cube and see how many people have been tweeting about that, pull that into, let's say, DashDB and then immediately look at it there and I could throw, you know, what's Watson analytics or whatever it may be to look at that, you know, study that trend or whatever's coming in off the Twitter feed. So, for those who have grown up with IBM and package software and who know about DB2 and Matiza and the blue extensions, tell us where this fits and how it's different from package software. So in other words, relate these services to those of us who are accustomed to, you know, traditional on-premise package software and how it comes together and gets delivered. Sure, sure. So these are managed services. So they're running in the background, in the cloud. You don't have to mess with them. As with regards to DB2 and Matiza, I mean, one of our great products is the protocol, DashDB. DashDB came out very into last year. We recently relaunched it with its MPP capabilities. But DashDB itself is the columnar blue technology that came with DB2, right? We took that, threw it into the cloud but we didn't leave it there. There was a blue for cloud for a period of time that we had out there. But we took that, we said, wait a second, let's do something different. We have Matiza and one of the great things is that they have integrated analytics. And Matiza box, you throw data at it, you're doing analytics physically within the box, super fast. Let's take that and then marry that with blue. And then we've done that in DashDB. So we have our capabilities. We have the full on Matiza analytics inside of that cluster that's in the cloud. And so another thing around DashDB is, and this gets back to a lot of the integrated services and composable services, when we acquired cloud and one of the first things we did was we said, wait, we have all these customers that are creating this big data around JSON documents, massive stores of JSON documents. How do you analyze that, right? It's not the easiest thing to then extract that data and put it into a database somewhere. That's like one of the hottest topics around now, which is don't just give me some JavaScript interface, but how can I get at it with the simplicity more of a SQL database? Yeah, so what we've done here is early on we built integration natively with DashDB from cloud. So if you have data stored in clouded, massive amounts of JSON documents, essentially press a button, all of a sudden creates the schemas itself within DashDB, and then all of a sudden you have a data warehouse of all that data that's there, and you can analyze it now, today. Throw some reports at it, and you've got that, wow, goodness. What is really cool about this is synchronous. So as more data is going back into clouded, it's now gonna update and populate what we have there in the data warehouse. And so that's just one story of this idea of composable services and integration across the data source. So why did you do DashDB? What was the initial motivation? The initial motivation? Oh, geez, now you're getting into history here. So there was a project back in the day, and this is before my involvement with it, was a DB2 for cloud. And it was essentially taking DB2, putting it in the cloud, and then taking that blue technology and then looking at it in the cloud as well. A lot of it was hosted in different sites outside of Bluemix, but now we're leveraging the entire Bluemix infrastructure and the ability now to speak and create with other... And so essentially you wanted to expand the scope, not beyond just DB2, right? You had all these other technologies that... Yeah, and that's why we rebranded it too. That's why we went with DashDB, because it's our own name for it. It's not necessarily DB2, even though it's fully compatible with it, because the underpinnings are. Oh, and another good thing around that, we do have native Oracle compatibility, because we've taken that with DB2 as well, as well as Natesa compatibility, to an extent. The TLCable capability. So that, the content from there. So yeah, I mean, you've got a lot of stuff going on.  I mean, that's like the perfect big data infrastructure, right? I mean, because you're going to have advantages in that, you know, with your pipelining and other capabilities to run super fast analytics. Yeah, I've seen, there's been a crazy different number of use cases around this, right? I said like one of the, probably the number one one was, hey, I want to do something today. Where do I get it? How do I, I don't have the funding. Let's go out to the cloud. Let's roll up an instance, let's play with it. I also see a data science, data scientist stores in which, hey, I want to do some deep computing. This is a perfect platform to do that, because we have the capabilities in there. You load data into dash DB. Hey, ours right there. So if you know your R scripts, bam, bam, bam, you can check that out. And when you say cloud, what do you mean cloud? Is it, we're talking soft layer, we're talking other clouds? Sorry, cloud in. So just, you know, cloud in general, and you're running, you know, in the cloud. Yeah, so I'm talking specifically, this is running in Bluemix, okay? But you know, the whole ecosystem of the cloud as well. Soft layer allows like different software components and different data sources to be pulled in as well. But the managed services are in Bluemix. But can Bluemix run on non-soft layer clouds? No, best of my knowledge, no. I'm not a Bluemix die-hard. Steve Mills said it best one time. Dave, the brand is IBM. He was clear. Okay, but so, but anyway, I mean it's optimized anyway for Bluemix and soft layer. I mean that's IBM's play, you know, whether or not, I mean, somebody in IBM can support other clouds, I'm sure, our global services and so forth. Sure, sure, yeah, this is dedicated to, at least our portfolio there, specifically DashDB, is going to be in Bluemix itself. I mean, cloud in even has like a local version that you can do on-prem if you want. And so like there's others as well that you can roll up. So one of the things, one of our guys, John Furrier had dinner with Andy Jassy from Amazon Web Services a month ago or so. And he said that right now everything is about databases and Redshift is taking off unlike any other service. And the observation of one of our analysts was once you get all that data native to your cloud, then all the applications follow. Now it sounds like you've got a very cohesive story around databases. Redshift is, you know, Redshift doesn't have, as far as I understand, all the deep analytic capabilities of Netiza. It's really sort of a port of the PowerXL technology. So it seems like you have an opportunity now to really start including or drawing in data from a wide variety of scenarios that once the data is there, people build very sophisticated applications on. Is that sort of the scenario or the vision? Yeah, I would even back up a little bit and say one of the key things that we have as an advantage is that we do have all this on-prem solutions, hardware, Netiza boxes, whatever our pure data for analytics. We have all that out there and it's a story of hybrid. It's not everyone's jumping off and saying get rid of this. They're saying let's do a part of our computing in the cloud. How does that hybrid scenario work? So there's different ways and it really depends on how you're going to roll out, right? We've seen different ways in which say we have a technology called fluid query. Okay, so this is going to be a situation where I have, and it comes with pure data for analytics. You now are able to, from your logical data warehouse, I can put out a query and that query through fluid query can now go into Hadoop, go into other systems, whether it be on-prem or in the cloud and then basically push that query to where it resides, push where the data resides and compute there and then bring it back. Sort of like a logical data warehouse. Bingo. Okay. And so that's a piece of it there and you're going to see like as we're building out different integrations as well. I mean, I said before, from cloud and to DASH to others, it's certain things work very, very well together, certain things we're building out and we're expanding on. But it's really, when we talk about hybrid computing, there's a whole lot of solutions and different ways to solve that with data that we have it today, whether it be on-prem or... There is, is there a Watson play here? Where does that fit in the data services world? Is there a Watson play? Geez. So there is a Watson play. It's a lot of the stuff that I see today are people playing with Watson services in Bluemix, okay? And different things like language translation, et cetera. And then, you know, how do we bring that in? How do we store that data? I was going to say for right now, more in discussions from the big Watson, because you have to ask yourself, when you say Watson, what do you mean by Watson? Yeah, well, right. I would throw this out there just because there's sometimes Watson versus Watson analytics. Yeah, okay. So Watson analytics, yeah, definitely. So let's talk Watson analytics because that's kind of your group, right? Well, so Watson analytics itself is, we have native integrations with DashDB. You actually can go in there, take their DashDB instance, drop it in there and study it. So we are working across the board and that has... I say it's your group. It's part of the 17, 18 billion dollar, you know, giant analytics business of IBM. Yeah, and that's what's interesting, right? And that's what's fun about this type of role is that there's so much stuff.  What about, you know, we've watched Oracle where they've continued on this path where they're optimizing and squeezing every last drop of blood from a turnip to take an on-prem database and extend it with, you know, first engineered appliances and now even at the chip level to get really, you know, top-end performance, obviously at very premium prices. But the cloud story hasn't really come together in terms of, well, in terms of real elasticity or in terms of combining the different types of data management capabilities in a single database. They have that big data appliance that hangs off exadata. When you, now that you have, you know, PL-SQL, the Oracle stored procedure language in the database, when you approach a Oracle customer considering either exadata on-premise or exadata in the Oracle cloud, what's the message and how do they view, you know, a potential migration? Yeah, so I think the first thing is we don't really approach it as a religious war, right? It's not, you know, Oracle versus this or that, whatever. It's, hey, we have something, dash DB or data du jour, whatever it may be in the portfolio and say, what is your business problem, right? If it so happens that, hey, we're hitting the wall, we have issues here, we'd like to do some of this stuff or one of the things would be we'd like to leverage mobile technology or let's say we're doing things on our websites, right? Easy things that are born on the cloud nature. You know, dash DB is a perfect type of store for that along with clouding. I said before that native integration between the two, JSON into data warehouse, all of a sudden it becomes a platform that's a logical fit for pretty much anyone. Now you add into that, hey, we can handle PLC, all that kind of stuff, that makes it a much prettier picture and it's a lot less of the aggressive, you know, hey, you know, come on over for this reason, it's more or less, do you want to do this? We have this here today. If you'd like to come play with this, let's, you know, come try it out. So you created this capability, kind of going to market with it. What should we be watching for as indicators of success, momentum, you know, your objectives for the business? Yeah, I'd say it's a lot more apps based on this. Yeah, a lot of folks, different solutions, right? And this, one of the things interesting between the cloud and building that into cloud services versus let's say DB2 side of it, right? You have a lot of the developer community and you have a lot of the old IT architects, DBAs, okay, they're apparently different beasts, but now they're coming together in the same room, you know, and so part of success is going to be that marriage of the two where we're starting to see a lot more of the on-prem and a lot more traditional players getting more skills and growing into this. Hey, I'd like to roll things out quicker now. I would like to tap into the cloud to bring some of that data in. And on the other hand, you also have these developers that are now saying, wait a second, I want to standardize on this. I want to leverage these data sources. I think the marriage of that is going to be big. I also think is the ecosystem is very important. It's not to say, hey, you must use all of these services and only these services. You use what you need to use. We're going to listen to you and we're going to build on more based on what you want. Would it be fair to say that we've talked mostly about IT and corporate developers? Are there ISV developers of SaaS apps who are looking at this and seeing a cost effective and functionally rich platform to start building apps on? Great question. Yeah, so some of our earlier doctors actually were some folks that are like say intellectual property around, let's say digital apps or studying, let's say predictive analytics around TV showings, movie shows or let's say marketing apps. Yeah, they're tapping into us. And they were some of the first ones to say, hey, because we're creating all this stuff and we're leveraging this in a cloud vehicle. Why don't we maintain all of our services out there? And since we have such a robust portfolio of it, they can tap into whatever they want when they need. And they could say here today, we know that we're going to use X, Y and Z, but we know maybe in a couple of months we're going to want these other services. So they're going to invest on the platform and then as they evolve their product, they can move into other directions as well. But yes, it was definitely one of our first approaches was by that community. What are you seeing Larry in terms of the headwinds that kind of means a lot of tailwinds in this business, right? The momentum, the hype, the marketing and the CEOs reading stuff on the plane saying, hey, we got to do this big data thing. What are some of the challenges that you're seeing with customers and how is IBM helping them through those? Yeah, I'd say one is this is basic block and intact and stuff and you laugh at it a little bit, but it's usability. It's just teaching someone how to do this. I mentioned before the dev advocates at IBM. It's really, you know, talk about, I think about Hadoop four years ago. Hey, I'm in here, I know it's Hadoop. I don't know, you know, a couple of hands are going to be for the data warehousing conference. But people are learning, they're getting there. But it was a mountain that people had to get over. But now all of a sudden you have, you get back to the whole developer market, developer economy, people are bringing their new languages, their new codes and new skills and you're like, geez, where do I start? Where do I end? We're helping people learn. And we're helping, I mentioned before, like these boiler plates and kind of blueprints. We're putting it together. We're taking our experts and saying, let's show you how to do this. I'm like the Lego directions, go from point A to point B to point C. And at the end, you're going to have this kind of a product. And then, you know, from there, you can become the master builder, right? And go into different directions. But I think a lot of it's training and a lot of it is helping people out and helping them, you know, dealing with the cloud specifically. The hardest thing is I don't have a customer, right? Right in front of me. Someone could be hitting the cloud on their own middle of the night around the world. I have to make darn sure that I have the right supply of content to train them and to guide them on what to do or how to do it. I was at the Facebook at scale conference a couple of weeks ago. And a program manager from Google said something interesting because, you know, Amazon, Azure, Google are all building these proprietary services, the big data services by proprietary. I mean, you know, not the Hadoop open source. Right, right. But they're also building integrated development and operations tools that manage the life cycle for simplicity of development and operations of these multi-service applications. Is that something that you're focused on? Where are you in that effort? So sorry, simplifying the- Well the idea that like in the world of 20, 25 years ago we had Microsoft Foundation classes, you know, or Visual Basic to make it easy to write Windows apps. But now we need tools that make it easier to write these sort of big data analytic apps but not only to develop them but to operate them because that's so much harder. And that these vendors were saying, yeah, that's a problem we've got to tackle and it's very hard to do it in a multi-vendor way because, you know, you have to make a whole lot of assumptions. Is that, you know, a part of the vision for what you're building? Yeah, so I'll say part of it is a little bit out of not my direct and my scope but, you know, some of the elements are from a programming perspective, you know, we are supporting and growing and making it easier within a composable service environment, things like Node.js or, you know, Python and other things like that to have the capability within Bluemix that we're following that model to help bring that in and do it from there. Okay, so my last question, which is, maybe give us a richer picture of what those composable services are. The composable, which ones? The composable services in data management and then maybe the things that analyze that data. Oh yeah, so, I mean, when I'm saying composable services, I'm talking about the entire, when I say cloud data services and I'm saying this is our data, like services that are in the cloud, that is the composable service. So things like- Everything on Bluemix. Correct. And so that's the vision of Bluemix in general is composable services. Now my view of that is, hey, we have the data section of it but there's other teams that have their, let's say, NetNew or third party composable services that are in there as well. And that's where I get the whole idea of Lego blocks that this is. Because those are exposable as services as well. Yeah, and they're all, different services do different things. They have different APIs and all that kind of stuff but yes, as a whole, it's this ecosystem of services so I come in and I want to build, I can use this to- And the intent is to deliver that end to end. I mean, that's what your vision is that you put forth. It's like a sandbox for a develop, I mean, I don't say a sandbox but it's a playground for developers to be honest with you. And we're just pumping in more and more stuff as the days go on. With a lot of stuff to play on, yeah. All right, Larry, we've got to leave it there. Thanks very much for coming on theCUBE and telling your story. It's an exciting time for you guys for yourself personally and IBM generally, so thank you. Great. Hey, thanks for having me. All right, keep right there. We'll be back with our next guest. This is theCUBE. We're live from New York City. Pillars 37 at Strata plus a dupe world. This is big data, NYC. We'll be right back.


This is a demonstration of the muscles of facial expression as much as we could dissect them and take them out in this particular specimen here. So, let us start from the top, right in the front on the frontal region we have this muscle here on the right side and the same muscle on the left side. This is the frontalis muscle, the frontalis muscle takes origin from the galey upper neurotica and it gets inserted on to the subcutaneous tissue of the forehead and the eyebrow this side also and therefore, when this muscle contracts it produces horizontal wrinkles on the forehead that is the first muscle. The second muscle that we can see here we can see more on the left side, but not so much on the right side is this muscle here, this muscle, this is the prosthetic muscle it gets inserted on to the skin of the bridge of the nose and this when it contracts it produces the what is called the disdainful expression of the face that is the next muscle that we can see here. The third muscle that we can see here we can see more on the right side are these circular fibres, we can see the circular fibres going around the eye and then they are going and coming on to the inferior aspect. These circular fibres these are the orbicularis oculi fibres, now the orbicularis oculi fibres are divided into two parts here we can see, one set of fibres are on the eyelid itself this and on the lower eyelid these, these are the palpable part and these are responsible for gentle closure of eyelid and then surrounding them we have these peripheral fibres which are starting from here and they are going all the way around the supra orbital margin and inferiorly also we can see they are starting from here and they are going all the way around and we can see them clearly here. These are the orbital fibres of the orbicularis oculi and when they contract they are responsible for tight closure of eyelid that is the next muscle that we can see here the orbicularis oculi. Now let us focus on yet one more muscle and we can see that muscle here, we have lifted it up this is the zygomaticus major, it is taking origin from the zygomatic bone and gets inserted on to a structure called the fibromuscular condensation of the face also known as the modulis which I shall describe just now. So, this is the zygomaticus major when one side contracts it elevates the angle of the mouth on that side and it produces a sneery expression, but when both the sides contract simultaneously they produce a smile or a grinning expression that is about the zygomaticus major that is the next muscle that we can see here. If we look closely on the medial angle of the eye we can see some muscle fibres coming down here, this are the complex muscle very small but very complex and we can see the fibres here, this is the libator labiae superioris alec nasi. So, some of the fibres are attached to the upper lip and some of the fibres are attached to the ala of the nose that is why it is got this complex name. This libator labiae superioris alec nasi it also produces a sneery expression and it also produces flaring of the ala of the nose as when the person is exerting or when the person is angry. So, this is about this muscle that we can see a few fibres. Let us come further down we see when I have lifted up the skin of the lower lip we can see some fibres here, these are the fibres of the orbicularis aureus, the orbicularis aureus goes all the way around the upper and the lower lip we have lifted up only one side to show you fibres of the orbicularis aureus, they also get inserted onto the modulus which I shall describe just now. Then if you look very closely we will see some fibres branching out like this in a fan shaped fashion and my instrument is tracing them. These are the depressor anguli aureus muscle, depressor anguli aureus which also gets attached to the modulus here. Under the depressor anguli aureus will be the labiae inferioris, the risorius and further deep down will be the mentalis, the chin muscles. The next muscle that we can see here is this muscle part of which we have cut here and we can see the fibres coming down and we can see the fibres here also. This is the platysma, the platysma actually interlaces with fibres in the chin and it goes all the way down across the neck and it gets inserted onto the deep fascia of the pectoral region and the deltoid region so this is an extensive muscle this also is considered as a muscle of the face and neck. The thing about all these muscles which I have described are that they are all derived from the muscles of the second brachial arch therefore they are all supplied by branches of the facial nerve and we can see the facial nerve part of it visible here as it is coming out from the perotid gland. So this facial nerve is the one which supplies all these muscles of facial expression. So now let me come to the modulus which I was talking about. The modulus is a fibromuscular condensation which is approximately 10 millimeters from the angle of the mouth lateral to the angle of the mouth that means approximately here and my finger has lifted it up here and picked it up here. So this is the region of the modulus of the face. The modulus is shaped like a cartwheel and it has got 8 muscles attaching to it, 3 from the top, 3 from the bottom, 1 from the lateral aspect and 1 from the medial aspect. So what are the 3 muscles from the top? One I have already shown you, zygomandicus major. Other 2 muscles are the libator anguli oris and the libator labiae superioris which is located under the skin of the aquarumid. So these are the 3 muscles from the top. The muscles which are attached to the modulus from below are 1 the muscle which I showed just now, this is the depressor anguli oris. Other than that we have the depressor labiae inferioris and we have the risorius. So these are the 3 muscles which are attached to the modulus from the inferior aspect and we have a muscle which is also coming from the lateral aspect that is this muscle here that is the buccinator muscle and coming from the medial aspect we have the circular muscle around the lip which we mentioned as the articularis oris. So there were 3 from the top, 3 from below, 1 from the lateral aspect and 1 from the medial aspect. These 8 muscles constitute the modulus. When there is a facial adhesive, the modulus is not supported by these muscles and therefore it drops out and that is what produces drooping of the angle of the mouth. We can see one muscle here. I am mentioning it just because it is present but it is not a muscle of facial expression and this muscle is the mesinter muscle. This is actually a muscle of mastication and it is not supplied by the facial nerve. It is just mentioned to complete the picture. Let me mention a few quick words about the nerve supply and the clinical correlation between these muscles. As I mentioned this is the facial nerve as it is emerging from the parotid gland here and as it emerges it divides into 2 principal trunks the temporal facial and the cervical facial. The temporal facial gives a temporal branch and a zygomatic branch which supplies the muscles of the upper half of the face and then we have the cervical facial and the cervical facial gives 3 other branches the buckle, the marginal mandibular and cervical. So these are the 5 branches of the facial nerve we supply all the muscles of facial expression. So therefore when the frontalis muscle is paralyzed then the patient will not be able to wrinkle his forehead. When the orbicularis oculi muscles are paralyzed then the person will not be able to close his eye and when he goes to sleep his eyeballs roll up which is known as Bell's Phenomenon and additionally there will be drooping of the lower lid and there will be overflow of tears which is known as Epifuria. There will be flattening of this groove here on the side of the nose and the mouth and that is the nasolabial sulcus that will be flattened and as I mentioned a little while back the modulus will drop down so therefore there will be drooping of the angle of the mouth. When patient has drink liquid the liquid will dribble out from that side of the mouth and saliva will also dribble out. Patient will not be able to retain food on that side of the cheek because of the paralysis of the buccinator and he will not be able to blow out his cheek. He will not be able to pucker his chin on that side because of the paralysis of the mentalist and he will not be able to make the skin of his neck taut like for example as they do in shaving during shaving because of the paralysis of the pletisma muscle and the skin of the neck will hang down in folds because of the paralysis of the same muscle. So these will be some of the manifestations which are seen in facial nerve palsy the lower motor neuron facial palsy and the most common type of facial palsy that is seen is during parotid surgery when a facial nerve is injured. Other example of facial palsy is when it is inflamed in the facial canal in the skull and that is known as Bell's paralysis. So these are some of the clinical manifestations of facial nerve paralysis. That's all for now. Thank you very much for watching. If you have any questions or comments please put them in the comment section below. Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing out. Have a nice day.