What's that conversation you guys just look like? We were in box, well, we don't play boxing when we play straight up defense. When you're hugging him, can you play it? Yeah, I mean, we're denying, you know what I mean? Shit, you're the good scorers. I mean, we let the other guys play. They don't really know how to dribble or create for themselves. So, you know, I felt like that slowed the game down for them as well. So any chance we got, try to deny him the ball and make his life tough. But he's such a great player, they'll figure it out. I thought he moved well, I thought he got up and down the court. You know, he's been out for a week now, so it's only going to get better. Yeah, I'm just trying to establish the type of offense and defensive team we want to be. I think we found some things on this trip that are worth for all of us, to keep all of us in the game offensively and defensively. You know, I think we found some stuff for, you know, switching and, you know, helping out in the post and, you know, just little different things that we try to figure out on the defensive side of the ball and everybody play extremely hard. So, that builds confidence, especially getting wins on the road, playing good games on the road, tight games on the road. Those fourth quarter minutes is going to help all our players as we move forward throughout the season. So, yeah, it's just good to see that stuff on film and try to, you know, learn from our mistakes and try to get a win next game.


I don't get too excited about things. I don't get too bullish too fast, even as we saw yesterday with Grayscale winning their court case against the SEC. But today, we're gonna talk about something that just broke out, which is SWIFT, the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications, SWIFT. They were able to successfully tokenize assets and transfer them across multiple blockchains using Chainlink as an oracle using Ethereum and Avalanche. And that, my friends, is a pretty big thing. So first of all, welcome everybody. Thanks for stopping by. I usually don't do live shames during the week and I usually don't do two live shames in a day. This morning, we actually did our usual show of NFA Live and you can, I linked that in the description and you can check it out. It was me, Guy, and Ben. And the things we're gonna talk about are really relevant to what we're gonna say today or right now. But the reason why I did this second live stream is one that was big news, but really what it came down to is this. I was supposed to be doing a Tangem wallet giveaway and I said it was gonna be this Thursday and I totally forgot about it until people reminded me. So we're gonna do a Tangem wallet giveaway right here live on the channel. And we'll get to that at the very end. So the thing is I didn't want to do a live stream and just put in there, hey, free giveaway because it looked like a scam. So I said, well, I should at least do some news. I was perusing the news and Twitter and I found this and I was like, wow, that's a pretty big deal. So here's what we got. Let's break into it. So Swift details, findings and tests of chain links, crush interoperability and this is great. This is big, right? This is fantastic. Everybody's excited. And this is what we talked about on the show today about, we talked about not this particular case but about the SEC losing against Ripple. They were losing, they just lost against Grayscale and how big it was and how the market did Zippo Zilch. And we got into the whole thing about M2 money supply. We got into about liquidity. We got into it about the sentiment of the market and it all pretty much makes sense. When people talk about this is a bull market. This is a bull run. Is this really a bull market? Cause it feels pretty bearish. And today, all this great news that we have, here's what the price is doing. And you have to understand that that is just the nature of the beast right now. And we talked about this, as far as like investors, what they're doing, why they're doing these things. Everybody's nervous about a pending recession. We don't know what's gonna happen with Ukraine. We don't know what's gonna happen with China. And they're ever collapsing economy, especially with Evergrande and then filing chapter 15 for bankruptcy. So I get it. But the things that we talk about today, the companies, the institutions and the people that make it or build in the bear will crush it in the bull. And right now, this price action, I couldn't care less. I still dial the cost average. It's the same thing every day. Nothing changes. Only that that really changes is when do I think there's actually gonna be a massive bull run, but that's not it. So today, yes, we're down quite a bit in last hour and last 24 hours.  Let's see, I think Avalanche is down 3%, which is like the big thing for this article. 1.6 for Chainlink and 4.5 respectively. So here's what we got. So, Society for World Wild Inner Bank Financial Telecommunications are swift on Thursday, that's the day. Announced successful experiments with tokenized asset transfers across multiple blockchains. New series of experiments revealed that Swift's infrastructure could potentially eliminate significant friction hindering the growth of tokenized asset markets. And I gotta tell you, the thing that we're talking about here, this is what Larry Fink talked about from BlackRock. He says, the future is tokenized assets. It is the ability to tokenize these assets, put them on the blockchain and have anybody anywhere buy them, sell them short, long, whatever they wanna do, globally. And it removes the actual friction and it makes it cheap and actually easy to do. And he actually talked about that as far as ETFs is actually bringing the price down. That's what's gonna happen with Bitcoin as far as the amount of trading and buying of that asset. So, Global Inner Bank Messaging System, which would be Swift. They connect over, I don't even know this, 11,000 banking and securities institutions to cross more than 200 countries. The thing is Swift is, it's really just a messaging service. Like when you move things across, did you get that? I got that. And of course, everything has to be funded throughout the different hot points and intermediaries across the different banks. And it's pretty much Swift does. And it's been around since I think the 50s or 60s, maybe even before then, correct me in the comment section. But Swift does play a pivotal role in financial communication.  Like, I don't know what happened in the last couple of years, like, I don't know what happened in the 90s or the 2000s, but like, we're just gonna skip that and go right to blockchain. Great. Swift identified one of the key challenges facing investors and institutions, which is a lack of regulatory clarity remains a primary obstacle. Just here in the U.S., it seems like Europe, Australia, Southeast Asia, they seem to get it. For some reason, we got this guy named Gary, just doesn't stick. And this is fundamental to any commercial solution. And a lot of these complexities, Investment Bank City, I think that's the number fourth or fifth largest bank, projects a booming future for the tokenization market, estimating its potential value to escalate to between $4 trillion and $5 trillion by the end of the decade. Let me say that again, $4 trillion and $5 trillion. Do you know we top that at like $3.2 trillion for the entire crypto market in 2021? So, hey, I'll take $4 trillion more. In June, Swift announced its aim to link private and public blockchains. Did you know that? They got private and public blockchains. Public blockchains are what we're used to. Private are just the institutions and the corporations. Not all institutions. I think it won't really work, but in certain situations it could. This is in a trial collaboration with Chainlink, because Swift and Chainlink have been at the hip for quite some time. And major financial institutions like BNP, BNP Paribas and BNY Mellon. Again, I think BNY Mellon is the oldest bank in America or globally. It says the collaboration has effectively shown its capability to serve as a unified access point for multiple networks using secure and existing infrastructure. Experiments were connected on public test nets, Ethereum, Sepolia, Avalanche Fuji and a private quorum blockchain. It's now clear that both top global banks, and this is a quote from Sergey Nazarov, the co-founder of Chainlink. He says it's now clear that both top global banks and leading market infrastructures believe there will be greater adoption of digital assets across the entire banking industry, and that this adoption will happen using multiple different blockchain tech at the same time. So look, for everybody out there that's going, my chain's the only one that can do it. My chain's awesome, this is it. Hey, we might have multiple winners, that's pretty good. And this is big news for me, quite honestly, because I'm heavily invested in Chainlink and Ethereum and Avalanche. So if they understand on this channel, I'm super biased. And the things that I talk about are things that I own. So just so everybody is aware of that, we can move forward. So let me know what you think about that in the comments section. I think it's a pretty big deal. And then also, I just wanted to, talking about this, about cross-border payments, there was a great video. I don't know if you know this guy. His name's Peter Zahan, nailed it. And not a big advocate for Bitcoin. He's been on a lot of different shows, not a big advocate for crypto and digital assets either. And he's been on Joe Rogan many a times and just pretty much says that Bitcoin is ridiculous and doesn't need to be used whatsoever. And I can respect that. I have no problem with Peter. As a matter of fact, I subscribed to his channel, gave him a thumbs up on this video. It's a very, very interesting video that he put out. And he says, digital currencies have a big problem. He talks about FedNow. And you know what? He was absolutely right about FedNow. He was. And pretty much he says, he's like, look, FedNow is gonna take over everything as far as like payments. And he's right. FedNow as far as like payments in the USA. But the most part, I mean, FedNow is super cheap. If you don't know, like, if you're gonna use like a Stripe or a PayPal or different parts of the bank, like just for me, Stripe and PayPal is 2.99% plus 30 cents per transaction fee, sometimes 1.99%. If you're doing $100,000 in transactions, just it pretty much adds up, right? You can use FedNow, which is essentially using the Fed window to move money across. Great. And Peter talked about that. And then he didn't really say much about anything else, but this is the thing that I think people will watch these types of videos. You know, talk about digital assets or cryptos, digital currencies, he says. And they'll just kind of write off Bitcoin and Ethereum and Chainlink and everything else because they're like, well, you know, this is the thing. And that's the nuance of stuff, right? And I couldn't let them get away with it. Not get away with it, but I had to just put my two cents in. And I just pretty much said, I said, look, I go payments globally are still going to use something and blockchain tech is the best part. And then I pretty much said like this, I go, look, if we're gonna talk about stores of what the use case for Bitcoin, and correct me if I'm wrong here, but Bitcoin I see is like a long term store value, not a short term store of value. I said this in the comments, you can watch the video and comment yourself, don't get too hard on Peter, he's just trying to do his job and do his YouTube. I said, look, I go, it's a long term store of value and people want to put in the dollars and use that for Fed, now that's fine. But remember, if you go all the way back and oh, say the 1950s, what could $20 buy you? You could buy you a boatload of stuff. Take that same 20 bucks, what's that gonna buy you? So yes, in the short term, it's a good store of value, especially if you're in Turkey, Turkey, Turkey or Venezuela or different third world countries where your currency is getting debased, totally understand that, right? But if you look at a long term store of value, 1950, 20 bucks gets you a lot. Today it couldn't get you squat. You can get a couple of happy emails, maybe, I don't know. But if you take a look at the long term store of value, let's take Bitcoin back in 2012, which was worth about $20. One Bitcoin can get you about 20 bucks or 20 bucks to get you buy you one Bitcoin. However, today, in roughly 10 or 11 years, what could one Bitcoin get you? Well, it's like 26, $27,000 could do pretty well. So I understand where people are coming from. I just feel like there's a little bit of nuance and go from there. So again, check out that video, it's pretty interesting. And then just to finish up before we get to do the giveaway, Nansen defends its avalanche research. And we were just talking about avalanche after crypto leaks accusations. I'm just gonna cruise through this one. They pretty much just said that avalanche is great in their report. But then crypto leaks quoted ourselves when a senior Nansen leader saying you would not invest in avalanche due to the fact that most of the traction was faked and centered around a very few users. That could for whatever else it is. And then they talk about how the reason why Nansen went so heavy and positive and rosy was because they had a financial interest into avalanche. So I just want to point this out that if you're a believer in avalanche or not, make sure you understand where the information's coming from. Like I tell you in the beginning, the reason why I'm talking about Chainlink and Ethereum because I own it, I'm super biased. So just be aware. And then also more good news, somewhat. Getting back to the Zahan thing. As far as digital assets. So Thailand's gonna use utility tokens in a bid to boost the ailing economy. The tokens will need to be spent in local businesses within a four kilometer radius of the recipient's home over a six month period. Here's what's going on. Thailand's fee type art nailed it will reportedly use utility tokens for its upcoming digital wallet scheme. So Thailand's gonna roll out their own digital wallet aimed at stimulating its national economy. Apparently their economy's in the toilet. This was promised during the party's election campaign. Oh man, there you go. You get mixing politics and economy digital assets, rest before disaster. It would provide 10,000 baht or $290 in the digital assets to all ties aged over 16. Hey, that sounds like a STEMI package. You should talk to us, we know about that. Those tokens would have to be spent in local businesses within a four kilometer radius of the recipient's registered address within six months. However, don't get too, to hope the amount. Based on blockchain tech, it is unclear whether it'll be featured on a permissioned or permission list ecosystem. But again, going back to that Swift story, could be one or the other, could be both. But I just wanna see things moving forward as far as digital assets. So I think that's pretty good. And then latest news on NFTs, NFTs, ETFs, excuse me, is I know we just heard a, there was a report that came out that said that the ETF could be approved by up to 75%. Now, two analysts, Eric Balchenas, James Safert. Eric is a senior ETF analyst for Bloomberg. James is a chief financial or CFA, CIA ETFs, Crypto Asset Management. And they say, Jeff and I are upping our odds to 75% of spot Bitcoin ETFs launching this year, 95% by the end of 2024. This is of course their history. So I know people are loving this and they wanna see a Bitcoin ETF. And I just said, hey, I believe it when I see it. So that's good news if you're big into the spot ETF. And that will conclude the news today. Now let's get to the interesting part. Let's give away Tangent Wallet. So if you don't know, there's a link in the description you can get Tangent. It is not a paid for post. I actually just wanted to have some diversity from my nano ledger. And I bought their cold storage wallet. It was only like 45 bucks, it was super cheap. And it took them five weeks to get to me because they were so sold out because of the problems of ledger. And of course we know those issues with ledgers. Some people don't trust them anymore. Some people do. I'm not here to debate that. Just saying that I diversify. And I got a tangent. So there's a link in the description. It's an affiliate link. If you can't stand affiliate links, just go to tangent.com. But if you do, you're gonna miss out on 10% discount. And I also put in the deep dive video. So on a tweet I put about a week ago, I said, just do you want a free one? Comment and retweet this post, follow Tangent. Watch the live stream on this Thursday. I put the wrong date as well. It's supposed to be August 31st. And I said, I'll give a tangent all the way. So let's do that right now, shall we? So I'm gonna use this thing called Twitter Picker. Twitter Picker.com. It's very simple to use if you have nothing else going on. You wanna use this tool. So you just paste and bear with me. I've done this like three times and still haven't figured it out perfectly. So here's a tweet. The winner is gonna be one. Must follow at Enderm and at News Asset. Profile must have a picture. The count age must be at least a month. Hopefully it's not a bot. We will see. And click on continue. And it's gonna pull in all the potentials. So remember, you had to retweet it. You had to follow Tangent and Us and News Asset. And it looks like we got 161. And we're gonna take this, step three. Let's draw. Begin the draw. Hey, congratulations. Retro Vox Vintage. Smooth. Let's search for you. And there you are. And you follow me. Look at that. I'll follow you and I'll send you a message. So if you're a scammer in the scam section, don't try it. I'm gonna message retro directly and go from there. And that is it for today everybody. So look, if you like today's video, give it a thumbs up, consider subscribing. I think two streams a day is a little touch much, but how to do it. But that's it. Thanks so much. Hit the like on the subscribe on the way out. If you want to, we'll do a quick 10 minute Q&A and go from there. And that's all she wrote. So anybody have any questions about what's happened? Panda Pies says congrats. Although it's always a hollow congrats. Every time somebody wins something, I'm like, yeah, congrats. Wish I would have won. And let's see. Check out Rob's website. Theanteedyscrypto.com, 100% free. It always will be free. Did he say they win? Could use that line Rob, build a bear. Yes. Ryan's got a great question. What happens to the tangent app ceases to exist? I answered that question in the deep dive. As a matter of fact, if you are looking in the description right here, the tangent deep dive video, click on that. It's kind of technical, but it's pretty easy enough to understand. So check that out. Kerry Gensler, I don't know, but one of the congressmen Warren Davidson called for him to step down or to be fired. So we'll see if that picks up any steam. Hopefully. Capocan says, Dan's not your dad. That's very true. This is not financial advice, also true. Fan says, short of saying it's for sure, 95%. Yeah. Everybody still thinks it's like a lock, except me. We'll see. Now, Sin City is starting. My guy's over there in Vegas. Oh, a random tutorial says, Solana's going to 20 bucks now and I'm super excited. It will go back to all-time high sooner or later and the lower it goes, the more I can get. I think the whole time, I was like $212. So if you're buying under 20 bucks, I mean, it could be a 10X or it could go to zero. That's my little disclaimer. I don't think it will, but you know, that's it.  It's boring amount. Bitcoin really is over. Yes. I love this statement. I heard this statement in 2018 and 2019. And then I heard it in 2022 when everything was going down the tubes. I heard it when it was in November of 2022 when FTX collapsed. Yeah, it was fun, fun times. And then, you know, we rallied up 80%. We rallied up 80%. Gosh. In six months. Mark Johnson says, Voyager. Ah, yes, my favorite topic, Voyager. The platform that I recommended to everybody. That's true, I did. And if it wasn't for the fact that they're a public-eutriated company and they put on their balance sheet, they did a $620 million loan to three hours capital two weeks before they collapsed, I never would have known. Thankfully, since you follow the show, Mark, that I put a video up during that same time. And there's a link in the description. You can find the link. You can find that video and go from there. Now, did my funds get stuck? Yes, did my funds also get stuck? Yes, yes, yes, they did. So it's, yeah, it's just one of those things. It bothers me that Voyager thing bothers me. It still bothers me. But, you know, what can you do? You had the CEO come on your show, why ride to your face, everything was great. And things were great until they're not. I will tell you though, the two years that I used it worked fantastic. The yield was going pretty well. The problem was that they were trying to keep up with Celsius and they screwed themselves because they were trying to keep up with the Joneses and Celsius was a damn Ponzi scheme. And they were trying to keep up with the Ponzi scheme which was unsustainable. And they went to the dark side, the three hours capital who gave them a sheet of paper and says, we have collateral and they wrote in crown or something. So here we are. So yeah, I'll never get away from that. Which is how it is. And that's okay. Because the green students still work. Hello. Still works, green screen. Oh yeah, Louise, thanks for responding with the integration of future integration between LinkedIn and Pinterest. You're welcome. The Shaolin says, I think we'll head into deflation. Not disinflation, but deflation, which will be a very dangerous situation where winning all the prices collapse.   So my Jay Powell keeps looking in the rear-view mirror to make future decisions. I mean, it's a potential. I don't think so, but I mean, I didn't think they'd be raising rates this high for this long, so whatever. Yeah, yeah, my challenge is now I gotta go back to work. We all gotta go back to work. That's true. You can't control. It's really, these days is just like a real, let's be honest, it's spray and pray. Money gets put out, like hopefully it works out, but there's so many.  I don't think it can go to zero, but there's risk involved. But there's risk involved with everything, just the varying percentage amount of the risk itself. So, question, is it time to dynamic DCA a bit more? I don't think so. Let's see. First of all, and I'm not supposed to show much of this, but dynamic DCA is just nothing more than taking a look at the risk bands. And if we go to the charts, you go to crypto, time and risk bands. And you can see the time and risk bands, it's total market cap, all market cap, Bitcoin. I'm not gonna show you the rest of this stuff, but today Bitcoin is currently in the 0.4 to 0.5 band, which is over here. Now, if we start to, this is just time in. I mean, it's sliding down, but I think it doesn't get into the 0.3 to 0.4 until around 24, 23,000, somewhere around there. And then over here, it only gets in there to like 21,000, somewhere around, something around that. So what I do is, as far as dynamic DCA, and this is, if you don't wanna listen or don't wanna do this, that's fine. It's just a little more advanced. It's not that tough, but it's just, some people don't just hate it, or don't hate it, but they're not really keen on the idea. They just want a dollar cost average, put their 20 bucks in a week, and be done. Or $10,000 a day, whatever they do, I don't know. So you just put in like, let's say it's 20 bucks per day into Bitcoin. And you look at this and you go, okay, well, this is my starting point. This is the most days, so 20 bucks. And then as it gets more risky, I put in less. Maybe I put from 20 bucks to 15 bucks over here, then down to 10, then maybe five bucks. And then over here, maybe I start to think about selling because it's getting way, way overheated, right? Flip size is the same thing. You start to time and risk bans. The price starts to decrease. It goes back to the normal, the norm for what it actually is. And then all of a sudden there's a black swan event or something happens, Gary wins a case finally, and then you're down to 0.2. So now instead of spending 20 bucks a day, now you're spending maybe 30. Or maybe even go ballsy and just double up go 20, to 40, to 60, then to 80. Or maybe just go 20, 30, 40. It depends on what you wanna do. And that's pretty much it. And then if you just, over time, we've got a large amount of data points because this is going back to 2010. It's a lot of time points to say, well, this is the most when it's actually in. And that's it. If you're looking for like further guidance, there's a link in the description which talks about dynamic. Or actually, if you're looking for further guidance, the easiest place to find all this stuff will be is I show it to you. It only costs one Bitcoin per month to be a member. I'm just kidding, it's free. And let's see. And we've got the basic safety, investing, reviews, metaverse gaming, so investing. And actually what's a good one is the bull run exit strategy. That's a good one to see. And then all the different indicators that I use. And a lot of these indicators are on looking to Bitcoin, which is free. Time and risk, that's Ben's thing. That's on Ben's site.  And you get a weekly newsletter from Ben. That's pretty good deal for free. And he's having a sale right now. And you can do monthly or six months or yearly. It's like 19 bucks a month. But if you go six months, it's like 13, it's not that expensive. So back to this. Hey, there's the mooch. That was a good interview. The bot effect. It is, how's the path? Oh, okay, right here. Sorry. When to buy less more of Bitcoin and crypto. This piece right here. So hope that helps. Yeah, a pen is on the light plan. Go on heavy. Cute doge. Oh yeah, it's my dog. There's a tent. Yeah, there's that. Just watch the detail video and it goes over all stuff. Look guys, I don't want to keep you. I've been pretty heavy today. So that's it for today. So look, thanks so much for stopping by. I appreciate you like today's video. Thumbs up, subscribe, all the good stuff. And then I will be in Korea starting on Saturday. So if you're in Korea, just for the hell of it, stop by Korean Blushing Week and say hi. And I'll be there from Saturday to Friday next week. So a lot of interesting interviews lined up and I'll let everybody know that works out. So that's it for today. Thanks so much everybody. I'll see you on the next one. Adios.


Hey bella buddies. Thanks for watching. Okay. I apologize. I have no camera. I Haven't been on for a while and for some reason my camera is not connected anymore And I tried to troubleshoot it But I think I need to reboot my computer and I already have my tabs pulled up So this is what we are stuck with for this video. I have 25 bread and butter bolos coming for you We're gonna get the screen share going so it won't matter much But I did put makeup on today just for the video, but you guys won't get to see that So let's get started with some bread and butter bolos if you're new to the channel I share items to be on the lookout for items you can buy low and sell high in this video I'm sharing my bread and butter Bolo video Bolo video my bread and butter Bolo's which are items with smaller profit margins, but they all add up these items are typically $35 or less. All right, let's get started all right the first item is this Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles It's a slide like a water slide. It's from 1990. It's vintage. It's super cool I picked this up in a mystery box and I sold it for $29 and ten cents and the buyer paid shipping So always be on the lookout for vintage new old stock toys This didn't have the box, but it was still brand new as you can see It's in the original plastic and it has all the parts The next item I have is this Annalie doll now Annalie ranges from Bread and butter some of them are more big money, but I always pick Annalie because it's pretty much always a good sale Make sure I'm up here. Okay. Yep Bummer on the camera. Sorry guys. Okay, so I ended up taking a best offer on this one for $11 and the buyer paid shipping and I probably paid like a dollar for this at a garage sale I usually pick them up pretty cheap The next item is this diamond look by Kramer. This is a vintage Box jewelry box and you know, it just kind of came with some stuff that I got and I was like You know what? I'm just gonna try it. It is a major bread and butter I sold it for eight dollars and the buyer paid shipping The next item I sold is this Jurassic world It's a dinosaur figure and this one sold really fast It's got this little opening on the side and you can shut it and open it. It's super cool And I sold this for a best offer of $20 and the buyer paid shipping The next item is this vintage fall guy coloring and activity book from 1982 It's unused so it's new old stock, but you can see it has some on the front cover some what do you call it? Where but that's just from age and I sold this for $20 and 70 cents in the buyer paid shipping and this did take the right person to come along to buy it But you can see it's unused and it's got the different pictures. So somebody who likes the fall guy I don't even know what that is something about stuntmen or something. I don't know, but uh, yeah So pretty cool. I always pick up vintage coloring books The next item is this build-a-bear set and it's Christmas themed I took a best offer of $22 on this and the buyer paid shipping It's got the little stuffed animal and the other accessories that go with it I probably could have held out for more, but I was happy with that. I picked this up I think at a garage sale in a lot of clothing Build-a-bear clothing so I don't have much in it The next item is this cats meow you guys if you've watched my videos You know I picked up a bunch of cats meow at a garage sale. So I probably have like 10 cents in this I don't know maybe 20. I Sold this for $20 in the buyer paid shipping now. This one is the Babe Ruth museum So I would say that with the cats meow they range from bread and butter to You know decent money depending on what you get like to me 20 bucks is pretty good for this But this is more of a rare. So definitely be on the lookout for these They've got the little cat that sits on the front. It'll be on the front somewhere The next item is this dimensions four seasons birds cross stitch cruel set. This is from 1987 It's got the birds on it. I took a best offer of $20 for this and I picked this up at a garage sale for a buck I think it was a garage sale May have been a thrift store, but I usually do not spend At the most I'll spend $2 if it's like a Christmas stocking or something I might pay up to five because some of those can be big money bolos. I actually have a video on Cross stitch items to be on the lookout for you guys should definitely go into my YouTube channel and search that Because some of them go for big bucks the next item I sold is Another cats meow now this one is more of a bread and butter and I sold this from for $12 and 60 cents I have 47 of them available. They are all the same. They are all new old stock So I basically created one lift listing and I have 47 available and I still have 47 available I'm sorry. I started with 48 So if anybody collects cats meow come make me an offer because I want to move these All right, the next item and that one's from 1997. It's the southern bell Okay, this is the Disney Mickey Mouse Clubhouse talking Bobbin figures now I did get the play set with this but with when you add the play set in the shipping costs We're just going to be way too high So I went ahead and just sold the figures and I took a best offer of 35 on these And I picked those up at a garage sale for five bucks. The next one is this nilent trash masher This one came from a thrift store. It's from 1988 Um, I believe this may have been in a mystery box I think so and I sold this for 31 dollars and 50 cents and the buyer paid shipping The next item I sold is this barbie ken doll and he's got the rooted hair and he's got the necklace But besides that he has no clothes So this one I was gonna lot with a bunch of Barbies and I was like, you know what? I'm just gonna throw him up on there and just see what happens And he sold for 12 dollars and the buyer paid shipping The next item I sold is this moulin doll from 1995 And I sold her for 17 dollars and 60 cents in the buyer paid shipping and I got her in a lot of um dolls So probably have a buck or so in her The next item is this crash bandicot or bandicoot. I'm not sure how to say it. Um, this is a remote control car It does not work I think let me see I want to say there was maybe a cord attached to it. Yeah, right there. So you can see it's been cut However, if you can find this in Like working condition, this is a bolo I mine was not but I still sold it for 15 dollars just as like a little push toy And the buyer paid shipping on that and I picked that up at a garage sale for like 50 cents I did not know it was broken when I picked it up But I decided you know what? I'm still going to try it and it worked out The next item I have is this nintendo mario princess peach Plush doll and I sold her for 14 dollars and 96 cents and the buyer paid shipping this one sold fast So it's nintendo I always pick up nintendo themed plush because they do really well They're not a huge bolo like in this case. I was almost 15 bucks But you know, I got her for like a buck The next item are these peter rabbit plush clip-ons And I picked these up at a garage sale And I sold these for 30 dollars and 80 cents and the buyer paid shipping And what's cool about this is the garage sale that I picked them up at The lady Was an ebay seller and I think she also had a booth So she knew her stuff to a point But you know when I walk up to those garage sales, I always think oh boy, it's an ebay seller They're going to want ebay prices and she had great prices on her stuff and I sold this I'm sorry. I bought this for like three bucks all of them. So Definitely a very cool bolo The next item is this print and I believe this came from my I got it free garage sale I'm not a hundred percent sure but I think And you can see it's really cool. It's got like the you can see the hidden animals And I I did take a low offer on this I took it out of the frame if you watched the video it was in a frame and I was like I just want the shipping to be cheaper So I I rolled it I did take a best offer of 30 dollars because I just wanted it to find a new home It's from 1975 and it's a hidden wildlife print And again, it sold for 30 plus shipping and I got it free. So The next item I sold are these robert bruce Seafarers boy swim trunks Are these cool or what? I picked these up at a garage sale and at this garage sale They have a garage sale like six times a year and you know, it's kind of one of those where I don't always go to it But I was like this day. I was like, I'm gonna go and I think these were a dollar and I sold them for $30 and the buyer paid shipping The next item I sold is this little licorice black cat american girl Girl doll this came in american girl lot that I picked up at a garage sale So I probably got about a dollar in it. I sold it for 13 dollars and 20 cents in the buyer paid shipping The next item Is are these spongebob figures? Um, I I like selling toys Some of you guys probably won't waste your time doing this But I got these probably for a quarter at a garage sale and I sold them for 14 dollars in the buyer paid shipping So those are great margins in my opinion Yes, most people would rather spend their time listing items that they can sell for 25 35 40 dollars I get that but sometimes it's fun to have little fillers in your store that sell quicker And that you can just constantly be having that cash flow The next item I sold are these disney miniature snow globes. These came in a mystery box And I sold these for 15 dollars and the buyer paid shipping Anything disney. I usually list The next item are these drawing pencils. These came from a garage sale. I paid I think 50 cents or a dollar for them And I sold these for 12 dollars and the buyer paid shipping and they're beryl b-e-r-o-l beryl, I don't know if I'm saying that right, but they're um Let's see turquoise drawing pencils And I don't know. They're just there's different things like 375 5b is what it says on there. So People use pencils for drawing and they find something they like and they will pay for them And again 12 dollars is not a huge bolo, but with what I have in them. I'm very happy with those profits The next item I sold is this muscle men Mighty enemies mini set from 1993 I sold this for 35 dollars and 20 cents in the buyer paid shipping I think they had five dollars on this at a garage sale, but I ended up doing a bundle deal So I'm guessing I paid about three for it The next item I sold is this christie's baby sister and it's a swing and play doll an accessory set I dug this out of a mystery box and figured out which items went with it Which did take some time, but I sold this for 35 dollars and 20 cents and the buyer paid shipping And the last item is this master's of the universe portfolio school folder from 1983 how cool is that and I took a best offer on this for 35 dollars And the buyer paid shipping this came from a garage sale And it was one of those where I just lotted up a bunch of stuff and I probably had less than a dollar in it All right, you guys again, I apologize that my camera is down um And the bad news is Is that I have tabs pulled up for I think 10 videos that I'll be recording either all today or today and tomorrow I'm not sure but I went ahead and worked on my tabs because I like to record and bulk uh saves me time and You know helps me stay focused on my job, which is listing on ebay and generating sales So you're going to see a thing for um Different videos that I have and I should I I've been popping up the list perfectly I cross post everything to mercari and poshmark some things to etsy some things to Is it depop or no grailed? I do grailed. Um So definitely check out that video if you guys are not cross posting and if you're cross posting manually Definitely definitely definitely check it out. You can use coupon code Bolo buddies that is an affiliate coupon code that will get you 30 off your first month of list perfectly So you guys should definitely go check out that video. Thanks for being here. Thanks for watching. Sorry my webcam's not working And I'll see you guys at the next video. Thanks for watching


So yeah, I guess we'll get started. It's about five minutes after time. So as you guys probably saw from the previous talk about the game, et cetera, I recognize a lot of faces here. This is a more in-depth look at the badge and how you script it and kind of what the APIs are that are there, et cetera. So we saw this slide in my last presentation, right? I mean, not much to it, but the jumpers were the score, the seven-segment display, and then the OBD2 port is of interest. And you guys don't have to memorize this by any means. I mean, on carhackingvillage.com, all these presentations, the SDK, Pawn Help documentation, everything's available there for download. But I did want to just kind of run through, as far as what the jumpers are on the side, just so you can kind of get a scope of what the badge's capabilities might be. So I guess starting in the upper left-hand corner, that's the UART interface. All of these different positions on the jumper as well, you can see in the silkscreen on the badge kind of guides where all these things are as well. So the FTDI connector, which is just the standard USB to TTL UART connector that you can buy basically anywhere, goes up there. That's for the host port, which we'll talk about a little bit later. Down from that is the first output that you can control through the scripting language. Below that are the four inputs that can also be read and trigger events in the scripting language. So just some general-purpose input outputs to whatever you want to interface to. But the last four segments are basically how you select what OBD2 interface pins you want to use. So by default, the badge is populated such as using high-speed CAN. The micro only has one CAN controller, but we support three different CAN interfaces on the OBD2. So the jumpers are the way to basically tell the badge which CAN channel you want to listen to. So the first two you could have either the purple or the light blue, it's one or the other. So if they're up on the purple one, you're going to use a single-wire CAN transceiver. So that comes out, I believe, on pin one. And now you can talk over the GM stuff. If it's in the blue position, then you're using dual-wire CAN. So what that's going to do is that's going to route the CAN channels or the CAN lines from the micro out to the dual-wire CAN transceiver. The bottom jumpers basically select which dual-wire CAN interface do you want to use on the OBD2 connector. By default, the bottom ones are populated because we're using HS CAN on pins 6 and 14. But if you're on a forward and you want to look at the medium-speed body bus and see things going on in there or do other things, instead of populating on position D, you can populate on position C. So it's flexible.  But as somebody pointed out, with a little bit extra hardware and using the GP outputs, you could easily do some sort of MUX-D-MUX thing there to switch this dynamically with the script. So this is basically what I just talked about, right? But I put it in here just for reference when you go back through these slides later. So what is PON? So PON is the scripting language that I chose to put on the badge. And these are kind of like the highlights from it, right? So it is C-like, which we'll see. And it's compiled, but it's interpreted on the device. The language is really designed for scripting embedded targets. However, I have heard things that is used in the desktop world as well. I think it's used as part of the Half-Life 2 engine, the Half-Life engine, to do scripting for mods, et cetera. So as you search the internet for PON, you'll come across IDEs that are out there. Those are kind of really set up for Team Fortress and stuff like that, so they kind of have their hooks in there. But some of those IDEs, I mean, you could use to do this with as well, right? You just have to know the APIs that are specific to this badge, which we'll talk about. I think interpreted language is allowed for safe. PON is very fast and efficient updates to the embedded system, safe in the sense that there really aren't any types, right? So you don't have to worry about stuff like that. All the details as far as how to set up the CAN controller and send messages in and out and handle interrupts, all that's taken care of for you. So what you get in this PON environment is a very high-level mechanism for sending, receiving messages and doing other things that embedded systems typically do. I think it's easier to write than traditional, but a programming paradigm is for the reasons I just talked about, right? So as you'll see, some of these scripts that do some meaningful things are usually about six lines, tens lines long, right? And you can get a lot done. PON is open source. It was created by this gentleman, which I'm sure I'll pronounce his name wrong, Theadmir. And I have the link here as well for future reference. If you go to this website, you'll see all of his documentation, which is excellent. He did a great job documenting his creation, talking about how to use it, examples. The documentation is absolutely great. It's more than just like an API document would read it. He gives a lot of motivations for the choices he made, and he talks about compromises that he made when he designed this language. So I think the documentation is absolutely perfect. Just some high-level differences. And as you guys and gals dive into PON, this is just stuff that I listed here off the top of my head. But I mean, one of the big things, semicolons are optional at the end of statements in PON. If you put them there just out of habit, which I do, it doesn't hurt anything. You don't have to have them there. There's really only one type, and that's kind of referred to as a cell. On this target, it's a 32-bit quantity, right? So if you make an array, every element in the array is 32-bits long. The tag itself has the capability to, I'll look back through here, but it's about 20k worth of RAM that's allocated towards the PON side of things. And I felt like with that, you can do a lot with that. Even though there are four bytes in size and you might have bigger arrays, you should still be able to get a lot of stuff done. There are some new keywords, which we'll touch upon. It does support structured data, but not in the traditional, like, struct fashion that C does it. It basically uses named elements and arrays. So you can assign tags to array positions. So when you look at the code, it does kind of look like how you would get at C structure elements, but it's a little bit different how you have to set it up. There's no linking phase with the PON compiler. So if you have a script that spans multiple files, you have to pull them all together using includes. No function prototypes. And in this implementation, the badge implementation, there's no dynamic memory. So if you globally allocate an array, if you're going to use it across functions, if canned messages are coming in, you can use that data there. But once that function returns, that data is gone unless you copied it someplace else, et cetera, et cetera. So when we look at what PON is with the badge, by its PON by itself, it's basically the language, the interpreter, the compiler, and some standard libraries that support core operations. That's part of the PON package that you can download. It's freeware, et cetera. But really where PON shines is you can easily extend PON with these native extensions. And this is what's been added for the badge. So there are things, there are extensions that you can get to that look just like function calls, for the most part, that allow you to do things like sending canned messages and setting timers and doing stuff like that. The way I like to think of it is the badge provides this library of things you can do. And PON is the thing that glues the application. It's the application that glues it all together. So QCM is, I put this in here because you'll see references to QCM on the badge itself. There's a rev and there's a part number, stuff like that. For lack of a better terminology, a while ago, I just came up with this idea like these quick can module, which is kind of, I don't really like it too much, I guess. But it's, it works. It's just an acronym. And this badge is actually a mini version of this product suite that I have. The more advanced versions of these things, and you could talk to me about them if you're interested in them. Add things like Wi-Fi and multiple can interfaces so you can do easily can gateway functionality, runs three times faster. So if you're gatewaying can messages, like it's literally microseconds of delay between messages passing through back and forth. The badge, you could use two badges to kind of do that, but it won't be as fast. And it won't be as feature-rich as some of these other things. So the classic place that everybody starts, Hello World. So this is a fully compilable Hello World script. And basically, you can see that it looks like C, right? There's a main. And they use brackets to denote blocks. And they have a built-in function that's called printf that's just like C, no semicolons. And basically what this does is it calls this native extension called QCM console enable. What that does is that, and I'll talk about it here in the next slide a little bit more, but it basically allows the script to output through the UR port, right? Because by default, the UR port is set to reprogram scripts. Well, you got to tell the engine, I want to take control of it so the scripts can do that. And then just to clean up at the end, we disable it, that's optional. So as I mentioned, scripts control the port's destiny. So if you want to do UR-based IO with the scripts, you've got to tell the QCM system, I'm going to use a UR port, and that's how you do it with the QCM console enable. But the big thing is once you call that enable call, it's not going to pay attention. The badge is not going to pay attention to scripts trying to be loaded onto it anymore because the script itself has control of the UR port. So what happens if you call enable, but you never call disable, can you never program the badge again? Not the case. So there's up in the top corner of the badge, there's a jumper that up in the top right-hand corner, select script clear when present, which is also switch input. So when that jumper is closed and the module, if you just like tweak the battery so it resets, it will not run the script and stay in loading mode. So if you have like a script that's blocking access to be able to be reloaded, this is the way to recover it. Right, it's just an easy way. The rest of QCM modules have a switch on them, which is a little bit more convenient because you just apply power while you're holding the switch and then it'll just default into the loader mode. So I mentioned before, and I've mentioned it to several of you guys, you know, the SDK is out there. Basically, the SDK in itself consists of two utilities. This compiler, the PON compiler, and this loader, the thing that allows you to load scripts onto the badge. It has some PON include files, which are where all of these QCM extensions live, right? It has several examples, which will go through some excerpts from those. And there is some documentation that's in there as well from the PON website that talks about, there's a great getting started guide for PON, and then there's like the language reference guide. They're both really good to come up to speed quickly on the language. You know, there's no fancy IDE right now besides the ones that might be for some other implementation of PON. So, you know, use your favorite text editor, create scripts, you know, maybe someday there'll be a specific IDE for it. But for now, it's just as simple on a command line. And I can give demos of this back at the village. I didn't bring my stuff here to do it. But, you know, in the SDK, I'm gonna invoke this thing called PONCC, and I'm gonna pass it a script that's hello world dot P. All the PON stuff ends with a dot P. At least that's the extension that I've always used. And when you run that, now you result, the resulting file that comes out is this hello world dot AMX, which that is the compiled PON binary that's gonna be sent to the module or to the badge. So, once you have this AMX thing, there's the second utility, this QCM loader utility, which you'll see in the SDK. And as I mentioned, we'll give examples of it where we call it and we basically give it the hello world dot AMX and you run that, you'll see output that says loaded it to the badge and kaboom, you're good. There is one option, it's this dash C option. It's mainly there for convenience. So, when you have the dash C option there, basically what that does, it keeps the, in the QCM loader utility, it keeps the port open so that if you're using printfs, it just is there. That way you don't have to like load the script and then, you know, once that's done, open up a different program like Terra Term or some other serial terminal program to CIO. It'll just do it right there. So it's kind of convenient. So we'll get a little bit further into like pawn fundamentals here. I really like how pawn handles this concept of event handling. Basically, you know, when you look at an embedded system, you know, you have interrupt handlers, you have things that are always, the application is always responding to stimulus. The user pressed a button, a message received, something changed, a timer expired, et cetera, et cetera.  The nice thing about pawn is it has this built-in concept of these event handlers, things that will seemingly be called asynchronously when these types of events occur. They look a lot like functions, but they just have a special name and we'll see here what they look like. So just keep this event handler thing in the back of your mind. You're gonna see some here coming up in these examples, this next one. So, you know, there are basically, you know, a core set of functionality that is exposed to pawn. The first one, the first fundamental one is timers. In the embedded system, you gotta have a timer, right? I gotta send a message every 250 milliseconds. I have to change the GPIO port pin every 500 milliseconds. I gotta get an event, wait one second and do something else, right? So, the badge supports five timers. Two modes. You can either be a one-time timer or it can repeat over and over again. And the way the code looks, again, you'll see the main, but you see this other function up here now. It's called timer zero and the SDK talks about, you know, the special names for these things. But what this says is, if we look at the main first, we call this function called timer start. We tell it we wanna start timer zero. We tell it the number of milliseconds and then the last thing is, do you want it to just be a one-time timer or do you want it to go off all the time?  So what this says and how this is gonna work is, you know, the second you call QCM timer start, that timer's gonna start and that event handler at timer zero is gonna run when that timer expires, right? So think of them as like event handlers are, they're your functions that have a specific name that seemingly get called somehow, right? The system calls them when these events occur. So very simply when the timer expires, you have inside of timer zero, it prints timer expired, right? Very, very straightforward, I think. When we start looking at GPIO, this is the other core functionality, right? So we're gonna have timers, we're gonna have GPIO, we're gonna have CAN, right? GPIO, the badge has four output channels and it has six input channels. When we look at like output functionality, they can be driven higher low from the scripts. Inputs, there are two ways you can read inputs. You can either pull for them, right? Through a function to say, hey, give me the state of this input or you can set up those event handlers that I was talking about to where you specify, hey, I wanna be, I want an event every time this GPIO goes from low to high or do you want an event every time it goes from high to low or any time it changes, right? You can call these event handlers or the event handler be called. They aren't debounced so if you're trying to do stuff with your hand, right? You're gonna see a lot of events come out, right? But that's kind of intentional because I want the GPIOs to respond as fast as possible to be as flexible as possible. So if we look at another quick example here, again, I always start with these scripts, I just look at main first because main's gonna run and once main falls off the end, the pawn is kind of in this idle state waiting for events, right? So typically a lot of the example scripts you'll see in the SDK, all main does is it sets up what you want set up and then everything else is handled by event handlers. Now main can stick around, you can call a built-in routine called sleep inside of like a wow loop or something like that so that it allows the other stuff to do what it needs to do. But what's happening here is there's this call way at the bottom to say, let's configure this GPIO handler and what handler do we wanna configure? Well, we wanna configure this input OBD2, right? And we just wanna know any time we get an event. So event all means any time it goes from low to high or any time it goes from high to low, right? And what we'll see here is every time you plug in the OBD2 connector, that event's gonna be called, when you unplug the OBD2 connector, that event's gonna be called, right? And all this event handler does up here, this at GPIO input OBD2 is it does the pull mechanism, right? So if let's get the input OBD2, if that's high, well, we know there's a voltage there and it's plugged in. If it's low, well, we know somebody unplugged it, right? So all the inputs you can set up this way, right? So like if you wanted to watch all six inputs that are available, you'd have six inputs, the six handlers up here to do what you need and you'd have six GPIO configure handler calls down there to set them up the way you wanna set them up. So when we talk about the UART that the script can do, we've already seen printf, right, that output stuff, but there's also an event handler there to process data received on UART. So it is buffered and basically the way that it works is you basically just define in your script, you just have this at host, Rx, the event handler, the native stuff will see that and it will just say anything I receive on UART, I'm gonna direct to this. So, you domain, we enable the console because we have to and then this routine here, basically we get past the data that we got and we get past the size, right? The data is an array up to 16 bytes and data size of course tells us how many bytes we got and all this does is it just prints out what we received in hexadecimal format. Excuse me. So we get into can interfaces. Three ways to get can messages. So we can tell the system we're interested in a specific can ID. Excuse me. That's the recommended approach because it filters out a lot of messages coming through, right? Like if you look at a high speed HS can bus over OBD2, you might see a flood of messages. So that leads me to the next one. You can also set this up to receive all the messages on some vehicles that might be a problem for the reason I just mentioned. Other vehicles have a gateway between the OBD2 connector and the actual internal bus. In that case, it wouldn't be a problem turning on all received messages because you really aren't gonna be getting that much stuff back. Then of course you can use both. That's the third way. You could have some of their specific IDs and you could have some that you could have the catch all handler that catches everything else, right? So when we look at this, again, starting with main, there's a function. When you look in the SDK, you'll see it. It's called QCM candidate. We tell it the bar rate. Okay, well we wanna open up the CAN channel at 500 kilobits per second. And then just like what we saw with the GPIOs, there's another call that's CAN configure RX handler. It looks like the GPIO configure handler. We tell it what handler we wanna use. In this case, it's handler number zero. Hence why we have the event handler up there that ends with zero, CANRX zero. There are, I believe there are eight. You can have up to eight handlers, eight or 10. I'll have to look at the documentation. But what this is saying is, okay, well let's set up this CAN handler for handler zero. We're interested in ID hex 70 zero. And the last false means it's 11 bit. Is it extended? Is the last parameter? So as soon as main falls off the end, the system is configured and it's just sitting around waiting for the at CANRX zero event handler to be called. And as soon as we receive a 70 zero, kaboom, this gets called and my test code inside of here basically just prints out the fields. And this is what I was talking about, structured data. So there's this thing that looks like an array, this RX message, but it has this capital QCM CAN message inside of it. If you look in the SDK include directory, you will see the definition for this QCM CAN message that sets up the structured data for this RX message. And you can see in the print app when we actually get into that structured data, it looks a lot like C, how we would do it. So it's rxmessage.id, rxmessage is extended, rxmessage dlc, which is the link of the message on the CAN bus. We loop through the data because that's an embed, there's a member inside of QCM CAN message inside of the rxmessage that basically is an array of all the data that came in the message and we print it out. And then just as part of this test, we change the id to 78 and we just transmit the message to back out. So that's what the QCM CAN TX. As soon as you call QCM CAN TX, it sends it, right? So you could see it's pretty easy if you wanted to just set something up that let's say we wanted to reverse this where we make a diagnostic request to 70-0 and we're interested in the response, say, on address 78. Well, the way that we would modify this is we would set up our rxhandler for 70-8 because we're interested on that message coming back and then we would just transmit the message that we want as soon as the engine responds, we would get it and we would process it, right? To reverse this example. This is kind of like from the perspective of the other side. So one of the last things I wanted to talk about, there's another extension that I, to see, I think, is pretty important to talk about in regards to PON because PON is basically designed for embedded systems. It has this concept of built-in state machine automation. And the way that it works is, you know, we saw these event handlers up here like CAN RX-0 and stuff like that. The way it works is you can define several of the same event handler, but tell it in what state you want that event to be handled. So you could have, here's an example where let's just do a PWM signal on a GPIO. So we start a timer, timer zero, 250 milliseconds, only this time we pass it true because we want it to just run all the time. And then we use this PON built-in keyword called state, which means set the state to what I'm gonna tell you. So we're gonna initialize the state to the state called PWM low. And then you'll see in the event handlers above for timer zero, there are two of them. And the first one has this construct after it that says PWM low. And the next timer zero one has this other construct for PWM high. So what that means is if the internal state machine is in the state PWM low and you get a timer zero event, it's gonna call that top one. If the internal state machine was in this state called PWM high, which you can just make these state machine names up. I mean, the state names on the fly, right? The compiler knows how to deal with them. It will call the PWM high one if you're in that state. So you can kind of see here what's gonna happen is timer zero is gonna get called first because when that timer expires, it's gonna set the output to false and then it's gonna set the state to PWM high.  Well, only now we're in the PWM high state. So the PWM high timer zero handler is gonna get called. So on and then it sets low, so on and so forth. That's basically how you've seen how I have the scrolling stuff coming across here. I just have a lot of timer zero events set up at a certain interval and with states and it basically just walks through and sets the LCD accordingly for every time that expires. So it's kind of a good thing, like if you wanted to handle message sequencing, so you send a can message and you're going to get back, you send a can message and you set the state, you're gonna get back a response that you're gonna wanna process in a certain way. Let's say it's on a specific ID, you're gonna send something else back out and you're gonna get different data but with like the same ID. Well, you could just have different states for that can handler, so on and so forth. So it's just kind of a way to automate that. I wanna see something here, okay. So I was actually gonna open up, I was just gonna open that up here real quick and I was just gonna show you the example that this badge is using to show that data. So basically what you'll see in here is, this again is in the SDK, how to control this LCD. I copied it here for my reference but there are several of these at timer event handlers for every single state. And by far, this isn't like the most efficient way to do it at all, like you could set up an array that has the characters in it and walk through, et cetera, et cetera, but this was fast to do. So first state is C-A-R, those binary things, if you look at the SDK, that's controlling the individual segments so that car shows up. The next one comes in, it shifts it one over, it says A-R and X I use for space and then I set the next state. Next state is R, space, H. The next state is space, H-A, the next state is H-A-C, so on and so forth just to achieve the scrolling effect. So there's a lot of these timer zero event handlers, one for every state. And way down here in Maine, I initialize the state to the first one where it starts with the word C-A-R or the letter C-A-R and then I set up the timer to run every 250 milliseconds and just walk through. So it's kind of like the, so as you learn more about PON and dig into it, you'll see that there are things that can be turned on or off depending upon how PON is being used in the system. And these are choices that I've made. I have enabled floating point, so because I thought that that was pretty important because a lot of messages, a lot of data that comes over can might be expressed in a certain unit that you might have to multiply by some factor in order to get what you actually need. So like miles per hour might be expressed in kilometers an hour, but it's offset by a certain number of bits so that they can do fractional values over the bus. If you have floating point built into the script, it's very easy to do that. You don't have to do any integer mass shifting, all that other stuff. You can just multiply it by a factor and just be done with it. As I mentioned, there's no dynamic memory allocation. Almost all the core PON stuff is there, so as you read through PON, you'll see a lot of these native routines that ship with stock. They're almost all there, except like a couple of stringier routines. I didn't think it would be useful to have like the UU encode, UU decode routines in the target, so they're just taking up space, got rid of them. Unix time stamping, stuff like that. They also have some socket stuff where you can send UDP in like the core example. Obviously it doesn't apply to this at this point. When I mentioned the sleep, there is a sleep routine that can be called in the main routine to kind of like allow event handlers to run. And I'm basically using the latest version of PON that you can find out there. And it's actually a little bit more than that because I have other contributions that have not been accepted back into the core edition to work around some bugs that I've come across when using it. So it really is kind of like the bleeding edge of PON that's inside of here. I mean, PON isn't used in a lot of places, but there were some real showstopper bugs that would not make some of those examples even possible, right, without these fixes. So as I mentioned, look in the SDK downloaded carhackingvillage.com. You will see, it's structured very well. You will be able to go and find your way. I will be available at all times throughout the con back at the carhackingvillage. Come and talk to me. We can write scripts. I'll show you how to load them. We can go through all of that stuff. I basically listed a couple ideas because some of you might be like, okay, well, this is great.  You know, what are we gonna do? Right? You know, we saw a script that waits for OBD2 to be connected. So, you know, let's use that to our advantage. So like, maybe let's use a script that waits for the OBD2 to be connected, then listens for some particular can message and shows it on the display. So like, let's say we wanted to show vehicle speed on the display. Would be very easy to do on a lot of vehicles, right? You could make a simple can diagnostic tool. That basically just dumps over the UART can messages of interest, right? So it's a way to just, you know, make like a can sniffer. Because the scripts are persistent and you know, they're stored when you remove power, of course. I mean, you could program this thing too as you plug it into vehicles, you know, do some diagnostic stuff, query something and send it over UART or figure out something to set and set it on a lot of things or, you know, things like that. You could wait for data on the can bus and then resend that data but format it a little bit differently. And depending upon your timing there, you might cause the vehicle to do things that you want it to do, not what it's going to do. Example of this might be, you know, you just saw the speed message come over the can bus, change the speed and send it out immediately. I mean, it's going to be sent within, you know, under a millisecond. So the things that are paying attention to speed are going to see that first message but they're also going to see your message and they're probably going to take your message over the one because they always take the latest data. So if you're always triggering off of a can message and you're always resending it immediately afterwards, you can alter what the vehicle might display or do. An interesting one would be, you know, let's link two badges together and make a crude gateway where you could actually interrupt, you can cut the can bus, put one listener here and a transmitter over here, maybe make it bi-directional so you can actually, for the notes that you can't just repeat data, you want to intercept something that's being sent and you want to modify it so that something else, you know, believes what's not really true. Two badges could be used to do that. You know, a potential example might be, you know, a lot of OEM head units won't, that could play DVDs, won't play them if the vehicle's moving. Well, they're paying attention to the speed message and maybe it's not enough to just retransmit it. Maybe you actually have to intercept the speed message, modify it and retransmit it but let everything else go through. You know, you could use two badges to do that, you know, link them together over UART, couple scripts on each side, bang, it's done. And you know, of course, you don't have to use the OBD2 interface on the badge.  So, you know, as I mentioned, feel free to grab me anytime. I put my email address in here, you know, if you guys want to spam me with stuff, it's easy to set up filters. And you know, I'm curious to know about your badge experiences, so come and tell me or, you know, feel free to post up to Twitter, you know, to CHV badge and share your experiences but I guess I'll just open up for questions. I mean, I just kind of wanted to give a high level overview as far as, you know, what the system is, what it can kind of do, you know, until you get in and actually play with it a little bit it'll probably become a little bit more concrete but any questions? How do you get it? Carhackingvillage.com, which I think I mentioned in here. You can download the SDK there, that's where it lives. And the badges, if everybody doesn't have them, we sold out this morning, we will have at least 80 more for sale tomorrow starting at 10. So you have another chance to get them. They are 50. Yes, say again. I would attend some of the other turbo talks that we're doing back in the village. There are some talks that address exactly you know, what you're talking about. We go through some CAN bus examples, we talk about, you know, the types of things that you can do over OBD and what that looks like and what CAN messaging looks like, you know, the whole concept, right? If you're familiar with like, you know, traditional networking, depending upon your level of familiarity with it, you'll probably find CAN bus to be about 20 years behind that. It's a very simplistic messaging paradigm and you know, you'll catch on to it very fast because there are some methodologies that all the manufacturers use to transmit data back and forth and there are some standards in place but when it all boils down, you know, I like to think of CAN, it's kind of like UDP to a certain extent where it's a fire and forget type bus and there's a fixed payload and the receivers get it and that's how it goes, right? I mean, it's pretty simplistic but yeah, grab us, come to more turbo talks. We'll bring you up to speed. Yes, yes, when you download the SDK, they're in there, everything's there. Oh no, okay, well, we're repeating stuff tomorrow as well. I think all the talks get repeated tomorrow and all the slides should be available someplace as well for that and if you're really interested, just come by and grab us. I mean, we'll just go through it with you. I mean, we wanna, we wanna awareness, we want people to be able to learn, we wanna show people, I mean, we really like this stuff. Everybody involved with the village and we're more than happy to share it with you, the knowledge, bringing up to speed. I mean, that's the whole goal here, right? So, yes, there is. When you come back to the village, there's a company there called Intrepid Control Systems. They make what I think is pretty much the flagship. I mean, it's a really good program to do this. The problem with it is, you know, it is a high-end engineering tool so I think they have options to get lower cost versions of that, perhaps even free versions of it that are limited but we can show you those tools back there and how they work. It's really a feature-rich program that allows you to do a lot of stuff.  You know, this badge, you could turn it in to something like that, as I mentioned. I mean, it has a UR port on it. But as far as like cheap, I've seen canned dongles out there for not expensive. Now, you aren't gonna get a lot with them but yeah, exactly. That's where Vehicle Spy excels, of course, but other ones, we'll have to talk to the guys back there to see what their experiences are too. I always use Vehicle Spy, personally, but you have to use one of their dongles though in order to utilize it. I mean, the badge doesn't work with their software, of course, but I think you can get in, I'm not sure what the value cans run now. They have like a value can limited. It might be, and don't quote me on this, it's probably on the order of a few hundred dollars, 200, 300, something like that. Yeah, it's more limitation of bought rates. So, you know, traditional high-speed can buses in vehicles are running at 500 kilobits per second. It's a lot of data going back and forth. The UART on this is fixed at 230, 400, right? So if you're translating this binary data into like ASCII data, and then you're sending out can frames, obviously there's gonna be a bottleneck there, right? It can't get all the data through. But if you're selective, as far as, you know, what range of IDs you listen to, if you put just a little bit of filtering in there, you could use this, like let's say you could, you could put something in there that sends all the messages that start, that are like, you know, 5XX, so 500, so and so. That might be sufficient to open up the bandwidth so that you can, you know, dump that stuff to like a terminal using printf. So that's the, what I was kind of getting at there. Any other questions? Okey-dokey, well thank you guys, and I look forward to seeing you back at the village. And as I mentioned, feel free to grab me, if you have any questions. Thanks.


Statistics and Excel, Binomial Distribution, Formula and Chart. Got data? Let's get stuck into it with Statistics and Excel. You're not required to, but if you have access to OneNote, we're in the icon left-hand side. OneNote Presentation, 1556, Binomial Distribution, Formula and Chart tab. We're also uploading transcripts to OneNote so you can go to the View tab, Immersive Reader Tool, change the language if you so choose. Be able to either read or listen to the transcript in multiple languages using the timestamps to tie in to the video presentation. First, a word from our sponsor. Actually, we're sponsoring ourselves on this one because apparently the merchandisers, they don't want to be seen with us.  Like our Accounting Rocks product line. If you're not crunching cords using Excel, you're doing it wrong. A must-have product, because the fact as everyone knows of accounting being one of the highest forms of artistic expression means accountants have a requirement, the obligation, a duty to share the tools necessary to properly channel the creative muse. And the muse, she rarely speaks more clearly than through the beautiful symmetry of spreadsheets. So get the shirt, because the creative muse, she could use a new pair of shoes. If you would like a commercial-free experience, consider subscribing to our website at accountinginstruction.com or accountinginstruction.thinkific.com. One note desktop version here. In prior presentations, we've been thinking about how we can represent our data sets both using mathematical calculations like the mean or average, the quartiles, the median, and pictorially using tools such as the box and whiskers and histogram. The histogram being the primary tool we visualize when thinking about the spread of data and we're able to describe the spread of data on a histogram using terms such as it's skewed to the left or it's skewed to the right. We're now thinking about curves that have a formula related to them which in some cases might be able to approximate the data sets that we are looking at in real life. And if that's the case, then we can have more predictive power oftentimes using these formulas that represent a smooth curve or a line. We're now looking at a binomial distribution. In prior presentations, we looked at different families such as the uniform and distribution and the Poisson distribution. Now we're looking at a binomial distribution which oftentimes comes up quite often. There's a lot of scenarios actually where a binomial distribution could come up in practice such as in business scenarios. So let's look at the conditions of a binomial distribution. The binomial distribution describes the behavior of a count variable X if the following conditions apply. Number one, the number of observations in is fixed. So we have some observations we're going to be looking at. Those observations are going to be fixed. A common example is like a sales call type of situation when we're looking at business examples at least. So in a sales call situation, for example, you're going to have a fixed number of calls and each call that you're going to be making is going to have either one of two outcomes, a success, a sale, or a non-success, a non-sale. So I'll use that as my example as we kind of think about these conditions. Number two, each observation is independent. So in other words, when we're looking at our sales calls observations to see whether or not we made a sale or didn't make a sale in each of the sale call, they are independent. One sale that we made on one sale call has no impact on the second sale and whether or not we get a sale on the second call. And if you look at this and think of it in terms of cards with a statistics situation, for example, if you draw one card from the deck, then you've kind of changed the odds when you draw the second card from the deck if you don't put that first card back because now you're talking about 51 cards instead of 52 cards, for example. So if you put the card back, now you have kind of an independent. You reshuffle the deck and you're back to a randomness of 52 cards in the deck. Number three, each observation represents one of two outcomes, success or failure. So anytime there's kind of this binomial to type of outcome situation, then we want to be able to say, can I define whatever I'm looking at as either a success or a fail type of situation. So we're not looking at situations where there's gradients of success or sales, such as I had a sales call that got me a $500 sale versus a $100 sale, or something like that. We're saying, did I make a sale or did I not make a sale? Success being defined, in this case, if we made the sale, non-success if we did not. If you're talking about a coin flipping situation, then we only have heads or tails. So the question is, in a coin flipping situation, the success would be defined as either heads or tails, whichever you want to choose, non-success would be the other. Four, the probability of, quote, success, which is going to be represented by P, is the same for each outcome. So when you talk about a coin flipping situation, then if it's a fair coin, the probability of success, 50%, each coin flip, if you're talking about a sales call situation or a coin that is not fair, for example, then the sales call, you're going to have the probability of success for each call is usually much lower, especially if you're cold calling for sales. You might only have like a 10% or even lower probability of making a sale on any particular call, but that 10% we're imagining would be constant for each of the calls. So if these conditions are met, then you could have a binomial type of distribution and we can use this equation. We're not going to go into the equation in too much detail here because I don't want to be too intimidated by the equation because the idea would be that once the equation has been figured out to give us the curve of a binomial distribution, then we can apply that if we find that being applicable in our actual real-life situation, then we can apply that using our Excel functions and our Excel graphs. And if you wanted to type this in, of course, you can go to the insert and you can go into the equation and then you can make an ink equation we've seen in prior presentation.  Or any Microsoft product. So it's a kind of a nice tool to have. So let's go on over and approximate some data. So we're going to have the number is going to be in and then we've got P is going to be the percent of likelihood. P is the same for each outcome, which is the probability of success for each outcome. So let's imagine what we want to do now is plot out the binomial distribution and make a graph from it and see how the graph changes if we change the variables such as N and P. As we do this, it might be useful to envision a scenario. So let's imagine that we have that sales call scenario where N represents the number of calls and P represents the probability of success. Success in this case being that we made a sale on the sales call failure being that we don't have a sale on the sales call. So if I was to plot this out, we're going to say that X is on the left. So X is going to be zero through five. Notice that this sequence that we're putting into Excel, I could put a zero and a one and then use the fill handle to copy it down to five or just type in five. But if we use this sequence function, we could say equals sequence and then the number of rows is going to be this number five plus one because I actually want to add a zero and then comma, comma to the starting point of zero. The reason this sequence function is useful is because sometimes it's faster if you have a whole lot of columns and also you can change the number of rows automatically now by changing this N. So if I change this N, this will change automatically. So that's kind of a useful tool sometimes to use within Excel. The P of X is going to be our equation for the binomial distribution which is binom.dist.range. Now with the binomial distribution, it's got this newer function than we had with the Poisson distribution we talked about before. So you can actually, there's a binom.dist and there's a binom.dist.range. The .range is designed to have more flexibility and it's also could give you like the spill array kind of function. But the other function is still useful and it might, because it might be more similar to what you're used to with regards to having a cumulative component, the last argument being cumulative versus not cumulative. So we'll look at both of them in a little bit more in Excel and in future presentations here, but we're using the latest and greatest one for this first example which is binom.dist.range. So then we have the trials. So the trials are going to be the 5 here and then the probability is 10% per trial and then the numbers that we're going to have is going to be this range. What this hashtag is, it's going to spill out here. So the likelihood then of having zero successes is going to be 59.05. The likelihood of having one success out of the five is 32.81. Two successes, 7.29 successes and so on and so forth. It's quite unlikely that we're going to have four successes because each sales call that we have, we only have a 10% chance of success and getting four out of five would be fairly unlikely in that case. Now, we want to just get an idea of if we were to graph this now. So now we've got in one through five and we've got the percent likelihood going up to around 60 for zero, getting zero out of five, one out of five, two out of five and so on. So you can see you get a curve that looks something like this and now we just want to get an idea of feel for the curve as it changes when we change these variables of N and P. So if I was to change these variables to 10 versus five, notice now my X column in Excel because I used this cool sequence formula will actually populate automatically down to 10 and because I used a spill array, the fancy spill array formula for the binome.disk.range, this will spill automatically. So that's what's kind of nice about those formulas and you can practice that in our Excel presentation because it'll populate this automatically. Now on the chart, it will actually populate automatically as well, but you might have to copy down the chart data range to make sure it picks up the full data range down to 10. From the binome.disk standpoint, you can see it looks like this up top because it's stopping at zero, right? And now when you're moving it to the right, it's looking, it's going to approximate more of a bell shaped curve. So now that I've increased that. So if I do it again, I increased N to 20, P still at 10%. Now we can see it's moving to the right and it's looking more bell shaped still being kind of cut off on that left side. And then if I increase it again N to be 50, now it's out here kind of in the middle and you've got something that looks fairly bell shaped. That's going to be the general trend when we look at these curves. If I then plot this one back to five, but I increased P from I believe 10 what it was before to 20, now we've got it being cut off again over here and it looks a little less kind of bell shaped. If I increase it from P of 40, probability of 40, the probability of 240%, then I get it kind of moves to the right and you can see it's getting more of a bell shaped type of look here. And if we analyze this, of course, if P is 40%, then the likelihood that we get zero calls, zero successes out of five is now 7.78. The likelihood that we get one success is 25.92. The likelihood that we get two successes 34.56. If I'm thinking about the likelihood that I get from zero to two successes, I would add these up, right, 34.56, 25.92, plus 7.78 if I added that right, 68.26. I'm not totally sure I added it right, but that's the idea. We'll talk more about that in future presentations right now. We're just kind of focused on what the curve looks like. So if I then, if I move this up to 50%, now you've got something, again, looks somewhat more bell shaped. So as we increase N or P, as we increase them, then we tend to get something that starts to look more bell shaped. That's the general trend that you will see. In future presentations, we'll get more into detail with some actual kind of more scenario based problems.


Gamowaff's theorem expresses a basic relationship between exponential functions and trigonometric functions, e to the i theta equals cosine theta plus i sine theta, and allows us to evaluate a complex power. But it also allows us to solve previously unsolvable equations like cosine theta equals 2. To do that, let's take a closer look at the relationship between the exponential and trigonometric functions. So from e to the i theta is sys theta, now let's find e to the negative i theta. Remember the cosine of negative theta and the sine of negative theta have a nice simplification. If we add these two equations we get, and so cosine theta will be, if we subtract our two equations we get, and so sine of theta will be, and we don't really like dividing by an imaginary number, so let's multiply by the not quite conjugate, and this gives us an exponential formula for the sine and cosine. This gives us a way of solving equations like cosine theta equals 2. So we have cosine theta equals 2, using our exponential form, and solving our equation. Now to solve this, if we multiply through by e to the i theta we get, which is reducible to quadratic if we let z equal e to the i theta, and our solutions will be, now since e to the i theta is 2 plus or minus root 3, hitting both sides with the log gives us, and we can solve for theta to get, and so our solutions will be. But remember that if cosine theta equals 2 then because cosine is periodic we also have cosine of theta plus 2 pi k equal to 2, so we actually get an infinite number of solutions. Now remember if log c e is equal to z then e to the z equals c, but also e to the z plus any multiple of 2 pi i is also equal to c, so log c equal to z has an infinite number of solutions as well. And so the question you got to ask yourself is, would this give us another infinite set of solutions? Well let's find out. Our solutions would be, but notice that if we expand this out the additional period we would pick up from the log function becomes an i squared term in the expanded form, and that gets absorbed into the 2 pi k term. And so we don't get more solutions this time.


Hello everyone, this week I'm in Florida dealing with the heat while the International Space Station is dealing with heat in space. This is your space pod for September 21st, 2016. The Phase Change Heat Exchanger Project or Phase Change HX was installed on station by American astronaut Kate Rubens on September 14th. So what is a phase change? Well it's simply when a material turns from a solid to a liquid or from a liquid to a gas or a combination of those. In this particular experiment wax will be changing from a solid to a liquid and back again. Wax has previously been used on both the Apollo-Luna rovers and the Skylab Space Station with mixed results. It works by taking the heat from the environment using cooling loops and in this case the cooling loops are filled with water and antifreeze and that heat gets dumped into the wax block melting it from a solid to a liquid. This collected heat can then be dumped overboard using the station's onboard radiators and the wax goes from a liquid back to a solid again. The station radiators can only release so much heat at a time so the phase change system allows for that extra heat to be stored safely and easily until such time when the station radiators can be used to release the extra heat. This new system has cooling loops that can get as cold as minus 10 degrees centigrade. A capability the station previously has not had. Once plenty of data has been collected from the wax system through numerous cycles of freezing and melting the wax block will be swapped out for water. Water has the ability to absorb more heat for the same amount of wax because water has special bonds between the water molecules called hydrogen bonds that allow it to absorb more heat. However water expands when it freezes which could cause some problems for the machinery of this phase change system. Ultimately this technology demonstration will help us understand how both wax and water behave as heat exchangers in microgravity, helping us develop our technology for thermoregulation on future spacecraft such as Orion. And phase change heat exchanges are used down here on earth as well in places such as power plants and factories so the data that we collect up on station can be used to improve those systems down here on earth. Thanks for watching and I hope you enjoyed watching me swelter out here in the Florida heat. I'd also love to give a huge shout out to our Patreon patrons who help crowdfund to make these shows possible. I'd like to thank our founders, architects, engineers, ambassadors and dreamers of tomorrow and if you'd like more information on how you can help to crowdfund this show head over to patreon.com slash space pod. Don't forget to subscribe to our YouTube channel at youtube.com slash tmro and join in the conversation by following us on Twitter, Facebook, Reddit and even our website tmro.tv. My name is Lisa Stodzianowski and until next time keep on discovering.