So I go back to last year, sales all world, right? We know that. Playoffs, so guys, he gave him four home runs and like nine plus innings, right? He did not have his good stuff and it didn't go off for the Red Sox. And if you look at his career, and AJ, you maybe laugh at this, but first halves of his career, just ridiculous. Second halves are still very good, but not out of this world like sale does. So I'm just curious, you caught him. What do the Red Sox have to do? Just they have to have him, they wanna have him for what? Nine starts late in the year, that's what they want.  But the biggest negative thing that he also has is he wants the ball.  He'll fight you. He's gotta buy into that. He will fight you in the clubhouse. He'll fight you in the dugout. Yeah, he's a bulldog. I mean, remember when he cut up the jerseys a couple of years ago? Yeah, he meant that.  Maybe it's a situation like the Dodgers do. They kind of manipulate the 10 day DL. Hey, we're gonna give you a little vacation, Chris, go back to Naples, hang out with your wife and kids, come back in 10 days, just to save a start here and there. If they get a lead, and it's not every start counts in the second half, but he's not gonna wanna do that. He's gonna wanna want the ball and fight for the ball. And that's his biggest, the Red Sox biggest obstacle to keeping him healthy. He's strong as an ox. He's about this big around, but he is strong. And I don't know, I can't explain why his numbers fall off, but they have, but he's not gonna let him do what they should do. Fascinating, really. Korra has to get him to buy in for what they really ultimately wanna do and that's when the World Series Championship. And for him, we understand he gets big strikeout numbers, but that's a lot of pitches that you accumulate, a lot of innings. You have to be a bulldog, but you have to understand that some games, he hasn't had an early, you have to bring him out in the sixth inning so you can get other guys some work and understand that.  You got 78 pitches, you're in the sixth inning, we got a five-nothin' lead, we're gonna take you out of the game. With that team, we're trying to win a title. Okay, I was on the Marlins. 2003 Marlins. When I was in that situation, well, 2003 Marlins, I was the fourth starter. So I don't have a choice to say anything about that. You need to go out there and pitch, young man.  But he doesn't have to be the horse on that ball club. And when you have a staff and a team that can score runs and beat up on the other pitcher like that, they're gonna have a ton of games in hand. You don't always need to see him get 12 to 14 strikeouts. It's unnecessary. I think it's fascinating because there are, I mean, probably one hand, right? Maybe two, probably one on the guy. You know, the game now is, you're not facing the order of the third time through. Right. Okay, so you're talking Scherzer, you're talking Sale, you're talking Verlander, Kluber.  True number one. Those are true number one guys. It's the perfect problem. You got a guy that you don't wanna take out. But maybe you almost have to take out really some of these games. You have to save them from himself. It's pretty wild. I will see how the Red Sox manage it. I know one thing, they like having them around. I'd rather have a black eye in a World Series thing. Pretty good to have them around. Oh my God. It's pretty cool, right?  But now, Albi's has eight home runs. Who expected that? I'm just curious, what is the ceiling for these guys? I'm really thinking a bit long term here. Honestly, they can be Atlanta's career in Altuve. They are that talented. They have speed, swagger, and power. And you have them this young, so you're gonna control them for a very long time. And in that ballpark, like Atlanta, they're gonna be able to charge in a lot of balls. I wouldn't be surprised if you saw 25 plus home runs from both of these guys. These guys are studs, and they're playing in a good situation where they understand that they're gonna get a lot of chances to go out there and fail. They're gonna wear a lot of chains, and they're gonna have a lot of fun. This is gonna be a talented group. You love the chain. I do. They're playing 25 homers each for them this year. Easy, Kelly, I'm saying they will grow into that. They will grow into that. But they're talented, though. Alex has eight already, but that's a legit, I mean, saying that they could be Altuve and Craya, that's a big, you're not saying they're gonna be there right yet, but that's pretty big. No, they're talented. They're super. Both these guys, the Braves have been waiting on for a few years. They're off the charts, talented. And they're good kids. Right. They're both really good kids. They work their butts off. They both wanna be great. That's the thing. I was around Albies more than I was around Akuna when I played for the Braves. Man, this kid just loves playing. He was that guy that got called up in the spring training. That's like Altuve. They love the game. Albies would get called up in the spring training. He was just happy to be there, man. You go from eating to minor league spread, you get that big league spread. He's got that big smile on his face. He's got the four chains on. He's bouncing around the clubhouse. These kids are just excited to be there. It brings an energy to the old guys like Freddie Freeman. That old man, Freddie Freeman, like 27 years old. It brings an energy in a different feeling. And when these guys come in and you see the smile on your face and they walk into these parks and they're like, this is my first day in this ballpark. It's so cool. It just changes things for you as an older guy. And these two are gonna be superstars in this league. I went Frank Thomas at Superstar. They're gonna be superstars in this league because they have talent, work ethic, and they have fun, and they have a different energy about them. So here's how good Anthony Masterson is, a researcher. I was just thinking, I know this kid didn't hit a lot of homeruns in the minor leagues. He chimes in my ear. He says, he had nine homeruns last year. It's the most he had in the year in the minors. He's got eight already. He's got eight. Balls are juiced. The big league bats are better too.  By the way, lights are no longer. So you get Peter Pan, and what do you get? Skippy in the middle. It spread better in the big leagues, man. There's something about that fruit and that peanut butter. Look at each other's spread. Yeah, you're right. He's right. He's right there, man. Tastes different too. What kind of peanut butter do you get here at Fox? None. None. You get none. You get Apple Pan. That's from you. That's right. I love Fox. I love it. I don't know what these guys talking about. NFL drafts. So it kind of got us thinking about current baseball player that would make a great NFL player. That's where we're going, Dietrean. What do you got for us? What do you think? Billy Hamilton will be my Levion Bell. Every down guy he can catch, he can run. I'll tell you what, he'll wear our defenses, baby. You can't catch him. I never would have thought of that. Billy Hamilton. AJ, what do you got for us? I mean, I'm taking the best player in the game, Mike Trout. You know what? I've seen his neck. Man. I've met a linebacker. You know what? Billy Hamilton's gonna come through that hole. Gitch is waiting for him. Mike Trout. Bam! Man, I don't know. Billy Hamilton ain't getting up from now on. I don't know. He's gonna have to catch him first. He's got some speed, but Billy Hamilton. He comes through that hole. I'll take Mike Trout over, Billy Hamilton. No, we'll put him in the flat, baby. Ski skirt. Those are good choices. I'm taking Giancarlo Stan.  I'm gonna put him in the tight end like the old Jimmy Graham in the slot. Who's covering that, dude? Nobody can stop him. I'll take Miguel Sano to pulling guard coming out in the corner. Hey, full back. Full back. You're moving a little bit, too. I ain't. We'll just fill the whole team. Let's do the baseball breath.


So, the talk is about this transforminal lumbar interbody fusion, that means the tailiff procedure. Principally this tailiff procedure is a 360 degree fusion, that means it's an anterior and posterior fusion in one stage. And there are some other techniques, that is the ALIF and the payload technique, that means the ALIF is the anterior lumbar interbody fusion, that means you have to do a two-stage surgery with an anterior approach and a dorsal approach, anterior approach for the fusion of the vertebral bodies and posterior fusion for the dorsal fixation, that means the screws and the rods, with the potential errors of the anterior approach, that means the risk of vessel injury, of some retrocute ejaculation because of harm to the plexus, and the disadvantage is that this is a two-stage surgery. Another technique was the piliff technique, I show you a picture of this, but with this technique you have a removal of the dorsal posterior elements, you have enormous retraction of the dura and the nerve roots, serious risk of CSF leak and higher risk of period and the neural fibrosis, and so it was harms, and he's a well-known spine surgery who asked what to do better in interbody fusion, so he developed this tailiff technique, and you see this is an image explaining the piliff technique, that means the posterior lumbar interbody fusion, so the approach is on both sides, you remove these posterior parts and put a cage through the spinal canal, bilateral in the interbody disc base, and with the tailiff technique the idea is to come from a lateral part, to go through the foramen and not touch the medial, the spinal structures, so this was principally the idea, and you see these are the positions of the piliff cages, they are through the spinal canal, and this is the position of the tailiff cage coming from transforminal, so the first step in the tailiff technique is the placement of the screws, and on the non-approach side you will approach it here, you can place the rod in the first step, we are placing all pedicle screws with a navigation system, and we have this Akkadis 3D system, you see this is the reference frame at the spinal process, this is the acquisition of the data during the surgery, that means the approach is done, we cover the page with a sterile drape, and then we do this circular data acquisition, the camera, and what we have, we have this electric burr, and it's referenced, so we have this reference feature fixed at this Akku drill, and you see you can, this is the tip of the drill, and then you can really very precise predict your trajectory in all the planes, and in this reconstruction you see the pedicle here, and you know this, you have your trajectory, and then you're going with the drill in, you have a three millimeter hole then, and then you can place the pedicle screws, this was very early results, we begin with the tail-lift technique in 2002, and for the first five years we did about 80 procedures, meanwhile we are doing about 70 or 80 procedures a year with this technique, and we are all collecting our data in an international database, it's called Spine Tango, it has his seat in Switzerland, and we are sending all our data from spinal procedures there, they are collected there, you can ask, you have to pay them, and then provide all your data, and you can ask for your data, and they send it to you, provide also by mathematicians, and you also can make a benchmark with other departments and other centers, and we are, at the moment we are looking for the results of the tail-lift, but these were some early results, and this was the time where we changed from non-navigated to fluoroscopy, this is a navigated procedure, this flu-emerge navigated procedure to our actual Akkadis three-dimensional navigation system, and you see, since we are using that we have some tolerable screw placement, that means in between zero or two millimeter, but without neurological complications, and so since we are using this system we had to only to revise one, two screws by more than thousand, so the system works really very precise, yes, and the other thing is that spine surgeons, I post to a lot of radiation during surgery, and with this navigation system, we can go out of the theater, and so there's zero radiation exposure to the surgeon, yes, so these are really two advantages and two really important things for using the navigation system, so after placing the screws, the rod we will not put in this, in the first step you try to have access to the disc, that means you first remove the superior facet, and then the inferior facet, and you collect all the bone, and then you see you have, through the foramen, you have the access to the disc, you open the disc and do a nuclear to me, you can see and protect the nerve root, you see the dura here, and you can cover it with this piece of the disc, and there are some special curved instruments, some currets, sharp currets, and spoons to remove as much as possible of the disc and the end plates, you see there were some crasping devices, and after that the next step is to do a little distraction along the rod, so you establish your disc height again, then you put the harvested bone in the anterior part of the disc, and after that the placement of the cage, it depends there are different heights available, and for distraction there are also some special devices, so you can distract a little bit more, and the cage must be in the anterior third of the disc space, and then you can fill with some devices a little bit more bone chips, and after the placement of the cage you do a slightly compression again, and with this disc in front and with a slightly compression you re-establish the lordosis, and this is the procedure, then if possible some bone chips along the segment, and there are some open telephoreations possible, and as neurosurgeons the patient with leg pain they come to us, so they have a compression of nervous neuronal structures, and the orthopedics they are mostly treating with back pain, so they can do some percutaneous procedures, and so they place the screws where we are via percutaneous technique, and there is a tubular system to place the cage, and so you have less trauma to the tissue, but mostly we have to consider a decompression, and because neuronal structures are compressed, and there you can either select the selective inter-creatic compression, so you put your rods and then you do an undercutting bilateral decompression, and in ismic spondylolisthesis, which is almost always at level L5, you have to decompress the foramina on both sides, and the recessals, so if you are decompressing this area and this area, the lamina is completely loosened, so you can remove the whole lamina, so in ismic spondylolisthesis we do what is called the JILS procedure, that means there is actually a laminectomy at L5, and these are results taken from the Indian Journal of Autopedics, so the posterior approach allows easy access to the lamina, to the ligamentum flammum and the fascia joints, it allows a posterior instrumentation, it has less soft tissue, but these are for these percutaneous systems, shorter or hour time, less blood loss, then compared with the payload technique, and the disadvantages are that the unilateral approach, but with the tubular system, prevents decompression of the opposite nerve root, and you have to try to completely remove the disc, so indications for this telive technique, and the contraindications, I want to highlight this pyrogenic spondylolisthesis also, because we are treating it the same way, these are results of the early publication of harms, so you had some really not much complications, and to be honest we are a little bit higher with our deep infections, there are less than 0.5% so we are about 3-4% in these procedures, but we will follow it up to see our data, this is in what we do in pyrogenic spondylolisthesis, you see the first thing is you have this disc infection here, and the first thing we do in the first step to open the iliac crest with a bone flap, remove the spongiosa and harvest it, and then we close the wound in the first step, and then we go to the infected area, and again we put these rods and do a transforminal discectomy, and put only the bone in, no PKH or no other implant, only the spongiosa, and we really have good results with this, and you see this is the drill with the navigation system again, only for diagnostic procedures, if you have patient with a, you see this degenerative spondylolisthesis, and to rule out if it's mobile or not, we think these inclination and reclineation x-rays are not showing the real truth, because they have pain and they do not move very, only a little bit in your back, and so we put them in a standing position, in a prone and the supine position, and you see really in this, so this is in standing, this is in a prone position, and this is in a supine position, and you see in between those two movements, you see there is an increasement in the listesis, so this is a really instable situation, and in these cases, we do not go for a decompression, but we do for, do this tea-lift technique, so this was after, this was an ismic spondylolisthesis here, and this was the tea-lift procedure, and the laminectomy, that's called this, this gel procedure, and this is the fusion after, I think, was something like a year.


Hello everybody welcome back to another AI video and this one I'm going to show you how to create text to videos we're going to create some videos using the new technology inside Canva it's a piece of cake here's an example of something I've created and the reason why this is interesting is because if I go over here to share it here's one of the things that Canva's got going on for you when I go to download look at this over here on the right side it's in 4k so we can create 4k video using this new text to video type uh workflow so let's just get going I've got a new tab here opened up I'm going to go to canva.com and when you do that you get a few options just click on the one that says video it's going to open up a new tab of course which is crazy but it does it and then presto here we go we're in the video workflow now on the bottom side you have to scroll down here to the bottom you'll see magic media click on that and then here up at the top you'll see images so if you want to create text to images it does a great job with that but we want to go to the videos and you'll see it's got the new beside it click on the videos tab and then here we go this is all there is to it I'm going to show you how to do it so I'm going to go um English bulldog sitting on a throne with a purple or just do we'll just have some fun purple uh hat on with a hat on something like that something something silly okay I'm going to go ahead I'm going to click generate video now while it does that I'll give you a couple of other things you should know first off you only get 50 credits per month so that's the first thing so you in each one of these generations is worth one credit so you can burn those up pretty quickly unfortunately there are other free options out there as well and secondly this is a canva pro only feature at least at the moment so you have to have a canva pro account and I believe those are like five or ten dollars a month or something like that so keep that in the back of your head this should be done in a few seconds here when it's done I'll show you what we got show you how to download it wrap it up all right so here we go so here's our first crack at it and from what I could tell here looks pretty darn good I'll just click on it here and when you click on it it adds it right onto the canvas you'll see here that this should be four seconds long I believe let's take a look here one two three well maybe it's five and there we go there we've got our friend our English bulldog wearing a hat sitting on a throne looks pretty darn good yeah it's four seconds long to download it just of course go to the top here click on download and then keep in mind that you can adjust the quality so I'm going to go to 4k and then I just click on download and it will download so keep that in mind as it's got runway ml in the background there so it's coming along pretty good and you can generate again so if you're not sure if you like this one or you want to try again just click on generate again and that's literally all there is to it text a video is in Canva now thanks for watching


proudly we hail another proudly we hail one of radio's outstanding dramatic half-hour starring the Tracy and presented transcribed by your army and your Air Force Radio City New York here is your star and host on proudly we hail the distinguished Broadway stage screen and radio star the Tracy thank heart and hello everyone welcome again to proudly we hail our play it takes us to France in 1793 for a tale of suspense and terror during the French Revolution after Ken short message we'll be ready to begin the first act the United States Air Force needs trained veterans now yes the Air Force needs radio and radar technicians engine mechanics communications technicians weather technicians and many others specialists if you have such a critical skill you can re-enlist if qualified in the grades you held when you were honorably discharged or even in a higher grade for complete details go to your nearest United States Army and United States Air Force recruiting station today and now with your star Lee Tracy in the role of John your army and your Air Force present the proudly we hail production of ride by night 1793 and the reign of terror holds all France in its terrible grip madam guillotine is queen and the world has gone mad within her kingdom the revolution has reached its bloody climax and no one within the borders of France is safe from its terrible wrath a new calendar has been adopted the days of the month changed old religion has been swept away and in its place has been instituted the worship of reason reason where there is no reason only chaos and a madman named Robespierre rules is in a hurry wrong the citizen is not in a hurry he didn't see you squatting there like a beetle your papers and be quick the citizen is in a hurry hold your tongue Jonathan Holt Esquire and what brings you to France I wanted to find out if it was true that everybody was interested in everybody else's business it is true citizen oh we are all equal here where are you bound for the moon now thank you for my paper not so fast how do I know these are not forged how do I know you are not in a restore how does an American speak French so well my mother poor woman happened to be born in your fair land thus my knowledge of the language as for the other you'll have to take my word for why should I take your word for anything I can see from your ugly face that such a suggestion is pointless so hand over those papers before I put a bullet in your head all right now throw your rifle over there in the bushes come on come on I don't have all day the citizen will regret this now hand me those papers and no tricks I mean business now friend guard listen well in my country we treat our visitors with kindness we make them welcome you should learn a little of it you want to know where I'm bound for ask with courtesy and I don't mind telling you this road leads to Paris that's where I'm bound good day a friend from across the sea you are Jonathan Holt at your service ma'am well come in quickly you must not be seen here for the square no one saw me I'm sorry I can make no light come into the back we have a candle there give me your hand I'll lead you they don't know we're here sorry I wasn't able to get here sooner we had a rough passage that you have come at all is a noble thing what about Phillip here we are you're our Aline yes who's that my father he's asleep he's not well he's very weary you live here in this shell of a house yes there's no where else to go they do not come here is Phillip still in prison have you only from a distance poor Phillip he's been there for over six months no kill him soon and maybe that will be better than we can stop this foolish hoping and go away is it possible to bribe the guy must your Holt in France today it is possible to bribe anyone this is the age of reason I must go now we can never thank you or repay you for coming here like this somehow now that you're here I I do not feel it is so so hopeless my father will be most happy when I tell him I can't promise a thing but regardless of what happens I'll see to it that no harm comes to you or your father you're a very gunman and probably not a little foolish you must watch your tongue and go very carefully that's good advice for anyone I'll be back tomorrow night now remember madam a valid the Bastille could be broken into then this prison can be broken out of good morning citizen is it citizen well better than some not as good as others you're in charge here the the commandant so my papers an American one would ever know from the way you speak the inheritance of a French mother you do not come to France in a very happy time oh I've been able to see where will it end I don't know citizen old perhaps Robespierre can tell you what do you wish in this place may I shut the door it is better not to people get suspicious and before you know it citizen you close is riding in a car to the guillotine I'd like to see one of your prisoners I thought as much it's against the rules would this change the rules get the other side of the who is this prisoner you wish to see the name is Andre de Vilmarat ah yes the Duke de Vilmarat he has little time left how is it that you know him I might have in America I heard he was here and I thought the least I could do was to try and make what few hours he has left a little more comfortable such a gracious gesture you Americans are touching well quiet so this and you cause thinking if you want to put what I saw you take out of your pocket between the open pages of this ledger I think it might be arranged in a few minutes the prisoners will be allowed to air themselves in the courtyard I shall give you the pass of a prison inspector go through that door and down the steps the guard at the gate will let you in when you're through and I would not stay too long return agree I agree how am I ever gonna find him in this crowd Philip don't turn around don't turn around it's me Jonathan Jonathan how did you know never mind that I'm supposed to be seeing a Duke de Vilmarat I didn't want him to know I was seeing you just answer my questions you know how much time you've got no you never know been here a long time I shouldn't think I had much all right I brought a black wig and a pair of spectacles can you keep them hidden yes but that won't work I don't argue don't argue put your back to me and I'll hand them to you stuff them up your sleeve how'd you get in here no comment out an eye are old friends can you tell if anyone is watching us I doubt it it's too crowded all right now walk around in front of me I'm going to give you some money and a prison inspector's pass how can you get out without the pass well let me worry about that the man who let me in here gonna find it prudent not to say anything about a missing slip of paper which might cost him his head is there any way of finding out if your name is on the death list before it's read off no not that I know of and we got a trust to your luck for another day tomorrow as soon as they let you out here put on the wig and the spectacles you can't help someone seeing you do it but try and arrange other your friends I can do that without any trouble then what after you've been here about half an hour go to that gate there give the guard your pass and when he asks to see your papers hand him the money but my clothes look at them they're in rags he wouldn't dare let me out money or not I'm gonna leave my cloak and my hat on this bench carry them on your arm Jonathan it's wonderful of you to try and help me like this but it can't work oh whatever does fail you'll be no worse often you are right now it's worth the chance Philip only chance that I can think of now when when the guard lets you out of the courtyard go along the corridor as boldly as you can until you own the stinking pest hole the way this place is laid out I'm sure it'll bring you to the east gate I'll be there to help you out now how are you going to get out of here without a pass my papers are all in order and I've found that money is the key to many doors I gotta go Philip there's still much to be done have you seen Aline and my father yes yes last night it was her letter that brought me good old Jonathan more tricks than a monkey I'll see you tomorrow Philip at the east gate if you're not there I'll know something went wrong we'll have to think of another scheme if I'm not there I won't be any more schemes I can't let you out without a pass I will let's do for a pass this crow would have my head for this but the man must be reasonable tomorrow afternoon I can't believe it here is what you must do hold on citizen you seem to be over anxious to leave our little palace this truth enough in that the stench would drop an elephant unbar the gate unbar the gate citizen it is easy enough to unbar for those who enter but for those who wish to leave it is another matter your papers are weak stomach perhaps this pass will satisfy you citizen inspector I'm beginning to think all of France is made up of citizen inspectors perhaps you can tell me how this happens to bear yesterday's date since we have seen fit to change the calendar around I don't wonder the days get mixed up don't blame me for your incompetence now open the gate I haven't all day not so fast let's have a look at your papers mr no at all you think hey a big red nose doc better you come on out here brickhead stupid head of yours get away from here you're done drunk uh uh huh you bet I'm drunk what else can a decent Frenchman do dogs like you or give an authority age of jacket if you don't hold your tongue I'll report you to the prefix come on out here hold it for me I'll mop up the gutter with you we'll see about that let me get my hands on you stop him come back here you you call it try and catch me rumble belly he's come on the street Tracy starring in the role of John in the proudly we hail production of ride by night will return for the second act in just a moment here's a word about the vital job young women are doing in the united states air force women in the air force work on equal terms with the men are doing interesting jobs jobs of vital importance in support of the united states air force how about you young women between the ages of 18 and 34 can you qualify in the WAF stop in at your nearest united states army and united states air force recruiting station for full details you are listening to proudly we hail and now your army and your air force present the second act of ride by night did Philip get here yes yes he got here oh where is he what what's the matter he's in there with father father won't be going oh I see I'm I'm terribly sorry thank you he was very tired Eileen's told you yes Philip I I I don't like to rush you but time is precious every second of it we've got to leave right away I know perhaps it's for the best father would have been only a burden never would have wanted to be that you mean we we can't even he's with God that's all that matters Eileen the rest well it's ceremony we have no time for it John you were superb I thought my goose was cooked I didn't even recognize until you started to howl at the guard we can talk about that later Eileen you look fine and those peasant clothes but you look too clean get your hands good and dirty and smeared dirt on your face pull your hair down make it look straggly you look yeah just right Phil I should after six months in that stinking hole I'll change my clothes and we'll get started I gotta get out of Paris before they close the gates of sundown with luck they won't know you've escaped until tomorrow we gotta put as much distance between us in this place as we can are you going to say goodbye to my father how'd you ever get this rig I bought it from a hungry farmer as well as the clothes how how can we get through the gate without papers I have papers now here's what we'll do here my papers out of those two sleeping beauties back there they have they have no papers they're escaping a risto I can believe that you should I can tell you another I'm I'm not really Pierre Blanchard I'm the ghost of of Louis on its way to England listen to this one shock he's got a belly full of wine or he's gone mad ah no there there are the ones that are full of wine I'm just in a hurry to get out of here for someone accuses me of plotting against the republic and goes yes I know I know France is mad we're all mad here pass on the air Blanchard you just made it from time the sun is nearly down we'll close the gates now can't go any faster we'll attract attention somehow we gotta ditch this thing and get hold of some horses we should be almost a Saint-Germain why don't we leave the cart on the outskirts and walk into town you might be able to buy some horses no we're apt to be noticed in these clothes people can't afford to buy horses after dark no one buys a horse unless he wants to arouse suspicion what do you suggest then I suggest that we skirt send your main all together and head north that'll leave us two escape routes either Calais and a ship to England or crossing over into Belgium well that still doesn't tell us how we're going to get horses I know well we just have to go on like this for a while trust the luck must be the stable there I'd say the town was tucked in for the night Eileen you stay right here we won't be long but suppose something happens to you nothing is going to happen to us if it does try to get to the border oh the man jokes come on Phil we'll be back soon Eileen and with horses who goes there here here's some rope tie him up gag him I'll get the horses almost daylight had a long ride that pine woods there looks like a good spot to hide for the day what about food that's what's in the sack not much we'll have to make it last is there anything that you don't think I can answer that no we ride along the back of the river and cross by 40 sin flood we could never do it this is the only way but there are guards at either end of the bridge and if that patroler went by during the day was looking for us they'll be on the lookout down there yeah true enough still we've got to cross or make a wide detour and forget about Calais in the bargain well if we rush them no no good the bridge is too long waiting for us at the other end it seems hopeless well bluff has worked before gotta make it work again Eileen tie up your hair in this neck claw Philip give her your jacket you can wear my pants don't worry I wore these things over the clothes I had on now this is our this is our plan and stop gaping like the hollow-headed apiore has anyone anyone passed over this bridge in the last two hours why I know sir not that I've seen are you sure fool think hard your dirty neck there there was only the coach sir but that was just after sundown the coach the coach you imbecile and you let them cross their their their papers were all in order they were stamped by the stamp by the devil they were forged didn't the patrol give you a warning to be on the lookout for an escaped enemy of the republic well did they yeah yes sir but they said there were probably three of them and there were four in the carry ah you idiot one of them was a prisoner of the other three lift the gate and thank your patron saint that I'm in such a hurry open it up I say forward what do we do at the gate ahead jump and ride for your life say we make for the border they can't watch every foot of it whereas they can watch they docks at Calais I agree that seems our best hope our horses are only done in we've come a long way in four days do you know of any particular place it would be best to cross over well this is the road to Cambrai I say we pass to the south of it and head for the Cato then make for Moberg and cross on the north side of the somber you know the country somewhat good now we'd better find a place to rest for the day they seem to be as impatient as we to be gone you're ready Philip ready who knows perhaps by tomorrow we'll be in Belgium we made good time let's look at toe back there yeah I know but where's the river the sombers over there to the right we'll uh we'll parallel it are we gonna stop soon it's getting late I say let's keep going we're nearly there we have no more food the horses if we let them stop probably won't be able to start again another two hours should put us across it's not safe Phil nothing is safe Jonathan we've had good luck so far I've seen nothing of any patrol since we cross the bridge why dally our luck won't last forever well something in what you say but I've always found it's better not to take a chance unless you have to what do you say Eileen oh it would be wonderful to cross the border today I guess I'm overruled well we better get as close as we can before sunup nobody's paid much attention to us no now how much farther huh oh no right under the arms of a patrol the patrol they couldn't be behind us they would have to be in front of us now we better start moving north as best they trap us at the river come on they're gating on us you see you see where the road makes a sharp turn around these woods yes as soon as we reach it pull into the woods and stop the brow of this hill will hide us when they come over it they'll think we've gone on around the curve they'll stop shooting they can't do much shooting over the top of a hill all right now rain up follow me here they come now start crying following the road we don't have a moment to lose forget the road we'll take to the fields and head straight for the border come on I think we gave them a slip where's the border seems we've been riding for hours I don't know seem we should have been there long ago I Jonathan put down your pistol it's so good they've got us good morning gentlemen what you look like you're ridden far and hard I come upon many like you these days welcome to Belgium Belgium I beg your pardon but Marcel I mistook you for a man in those clothes captain do you mean we're really in Belgium but of course you'll follow me I'll take you where you can eat and rest then you can tell us about yourselves you know it's a pleasure to meet you a real pleasure lead on captain we're at your service our star Lee Tracy will return with a word about next week's program in just a moment here's a word to Air Force veterans if you've had the necessary training and experience you can enlist in your old grade or better skip basic training and be assigned initially to a nearby Air Force base this holds good for veterans of other services too who've had the kind of special training the Air Force needs if you are qualified in radio radar maintenance weather armament photography and many other fields there's a place for you stop at your nearest United States Army and United States Air Force recruiting station and find out where you are needed on one of the world's greatest teams enlist in the Air Force now this has been another program on proudly we hail presented in cooperation with this station by the United States Army and the United States Air Force Recruiting Service proudly we hail stars Lee Tracy ride by night was written by DeWitt cop the music was composed and conducted by John Guarnieri this program was produced under the supervision of Charles and Roger's productions and directed by Charles Wilkes this is Kenneth Banger speaking and here again as your host and star Lee Tracy join us again next week for proudly we hail over the same station won't you our play is a moving drama entitled final choice a story of a man's decision a decision which might mean life or death until then goodbye


This is stock number 9734. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used heavy-duty truck headquarters. Remember, we are the guys with the trucks on 41. Today, we are checking out this super clean 2016 Ram 2500 crew cab short box. This vehicle has the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel. From this HD video, you will be able to tell that this truck is extremely clean all the way around inside and out. No dents or dings on that front bumper. Bright white is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, or smartphone device, turn them on now because it's like you're right here looking at the truck with me. Very clean down this side. It does have power running boards. This truck comes with 20 inch fuel, painted, and polished aluminum rims. No scuffs or scrapes on this rim. And it comes with Nitto Ridge Grappler. 35, 12 and a half R20 tires with right around half the tread left. This one does have a suspension lift kit or leveling kit, I should say, has Fox 2.0 shocks. You can see the frame and underbody is very, very clean. Didn't see any dents or dings on that front fender. The hood is in excellent condition. I didn't see any dents or dings on that. Headlight lenses are nice and clear. Passengers side fender, no dents or dings on that. Passengers side rim, I don't see any scuffs or scrapes. And as you go down this side of the truck, you can see just how clean the body is. How reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down, you can still see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. You want to make sure you get the most accurate representation of the vehicle as possible so that when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises. Down this side, you can see it's very, very clean. I didn't see any dents or dings. Back rim is in excellent condition as well. And the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. You can see that the frame and underbody is very good on this truck and that it's like that all the way underneath. This one has all the remaining factory exhaust. So it hasn't been altered in any way like that. Like I said, it does have those power boards. It's got lighting under there too. You can see that the rockers are in really nice condition. And when we get to the driver's side, you'll be able to see those power boards in action. As we come around to the back, the rear bumper is in excellent condition. I didn't see any dents or dings on that. It comes with a full towing package, which includes the receiver hitch and four pin and seven pin wiring. That tailgate is in excellent condition as well. Didn't see any dents or dings on that. It does have a backup camera. It is a locking tailgate. The bed has some normal light due to usage. A couple little scuffs and dings, but it's a bed. That's what happens to truck beds. Tailgate shuts nice and solidly. And as we come around to this side of the truck, just as clean as that passenger side, I didn't see any dents or dings down this side of the box. Paint is very shiny and glossy for full disclosure. This back rim is in excellent condition as well. Both driver's side doors are in excellent condition and it does have power heated mirrors. So you'll be able to see these step bars in action right there. They come down. They are AMP research step bars. Inside we have weather tech floor mats throughout. The SLT package gives you the gray cloth interior. There are no rips. There are no tears in the seats. They are in really nice condition. 40, 20, 40 split bench seating in the front. You do get power windows, power locks, and power mirrors, along with auto headlamps with the SLT package. As we hop inside the truck here, you can see that this one has 49,877 miles. Oil life is good. We do a fresh oil change on every used vehicle that we get. And if we go down, you can do your trailer tow screen setup and all that good stuff. And there is a mosquito in here with me, so better watch out. Anyway, six speed automatic transmission. You get the 8.4 touchscreen radio. This is also where your backup camera shows up. As you can see it is AM, FM, and Sirius XM radio capabilities.  Dash is very clean dual glove boxes over there. And the passenger seat is in really nice condition as well. No rips or tears on that. It does come with side curtain airbags and the headliner is in excellent shape. It does have a power sliding rear window, map lights, and then you get a 911 and assist in that mirror. Those are always active with the vehicle, so you never have to sign up for a subscription with those. It comes with Uconnect Bluetooth audio controls on the left and cruise controls on the right. Also your information center controls are right here. And it does have that digital speedometer as well. We'll take a quick look at the back seats and then we will check out under the hood. Back seats are just as clean as the front seats. No rips or tears back here. It does come with the latch child safety system. Comes with that power sliding rear window. These seats do fold up for extra storage underneath. And it does come with the WeatherTech floor mat back here. You also have in-floor storage on both sides, one on each side with removable bins. For easy cleaning you can put ice and drinks and stuff in there and then empty them out nice and easy. And just a very nice clean truck all the way around. I would highly recommend it from a quality and condition standpoint. Under the hood we have the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel engine bay is very clean runs very smooth. This truck has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off.  To see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, half tons, recorder tons, one tons. You name it we got to go to our website www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle on our lot. Videos of every single used vehicle that we have all at summitauto.com. And if you want to check out just our used inventory you can go to truckson41.com. It takes you right to our used inventory page that's truckson41.com. And if you want to make this super clean truck ears give us a call right now<PHONE_NUMBER> ask for one of our sales associates to make this Ram 2500 ears today. Once again that number is<PHONE_NUMBER>. And if you want to check out more videos like this one you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left. A link to more heavy duty truck videos like this one on your right and if you have not been to our website on the bottom a link to this vehicle on our website. Click those check us out we really look forward helping with this super clean 2016 Ram 2500 crew cab short box Cummins diesel. Thanks again.


Is he getting wrong about this free speech question the question is when you say what does you not get what I guess What we don't get is what exactly does mr. Musk want to do on the platform that he can't do right now You know, what does he want to do hard is want to kill a puppy on Twitter spaces live Welcome back friends It's been a cornucopia of left-wing tears over the last few days and the torrent doesn't show any signs of letting Come to think of it isn't it odd that all the things that we were accusing the left of doing on Twitter and other big-tech Platforms seemed to be the exact same things. They're now suddenly worried about happening on Twitter What we're watching right now is way more than triggered whining They are legitimately worried about losing the power to manipulate elections and Democrat Party power by losing the ability to Suppress politically inconvenient stories and ban the people who spread them It's gonna be a lot tougher to steal the midterm elections now watch has Democrat Party operative hacks Spend their final moments on CNN plus going absolutely hysterical with batshit crazy conspiratorial fear mongering based on their apparent Inability to comprehend what free speech even is we're getting right into this fact check But first give me 30 seconds for this free coin offer for years now people have been setting up a little contest between Crypto and gold both carry stuff and they travel from A to B But they do different jobs gold's job is to keep the value of your money safe and preserve its value and since Ukraine and the oil and inflation crisis. It's done a brilliant job compared to stocks and other investments So if you're worried about what's going on right now and who isn't just talk to an expert at noble gold about precious metals IRAs for your retirement They'll put you straight on your options and hold your hand through the whole setup process and this month for any qualified IRA You'll get an incredible three ounce silver American virtue coin Completely free as a thank you call<PHONE_NUMBER> now to find out more or visit noblegoldenvestments.com That's noblegoldenvestments.com. You can also check out the link in the description or pinned comment. Make sure to tell him drone text at you What is he getting wrong about this free speech question because I don't know if he realizes obviously he's not a Say for example women on the platform or journalists on the platform and the amount of trolls and abuse and harassment that they get He might not have to live with that necessarily, but what is he not getting about his vision of free speech?  You can block or mute those people and they cannot bother you anymore How does he not know that even the brain geniuses over at the view know that in fact on Twitter? It is predominantly straight white men so when Elon Musk says wow this is About free speech. It seems to me that it's about free speech of Straight white men and so let them have it let them just go at it Enjoyed the block button on Twitter.  I'm sorry I have to stop this again quickly did this soon to be deadbeat just claimed that Elon Musk doesn't have to deal with Trolls or harassment Imagine having such a severe lack of self-awareness that you can't see that you're doing that very thing right at this moment But beyond that Musk definitely has his share of so-called trolls and harassment I hate even saying that like it's the internet. It's not real. You can block you can mute You can find something else to do CNN plus needs to hurry up and cease existing Okay, I think that I think he he uses the First Amendment as some blanket Callsign to rally people on the right which absolutely makes no sense.  It's only leftist Socialists Marxist and communists of varying stripes that seem to be unable to comprehend it It's not Elon Musk's fault that the left took over Twitter and use it as an Orwellian iron curtain to shield the Democrats in the left While suppressing opponents and critics that is most definitely not free speech. Also, I Would argue you can make an argument. There should be less moderation. It'd be a free for all I don't think that works. I think people get sick of that.  They get sick of the false information Without a hint of irony that apparently the Democrats and left are free to spread this information Which sometimes results in riots while suppressing true stories to benefit the Democrat Party But go on so I get the question is when you say what does you not get what I guess what we don't get is What exactly does Mr. Musk want to do on the platform that he can't do right now? He's posted Hitler memes. This hack is just being dishonest and is trying to get maximum impact from the phrase Hitler meme This is the meme he actually posted which is clearly not an endorsement of Hitler You know, what does he want to do hard is you want to kill a puppy on Twitter spaces live? I Think that he has Incorrectly used this false flag of free speech When this is one of the freest speech platforms in the world your fiction That's all for this one. Please hit that like button and let us all know what you think in the comments. Thanks for watching


Now let's take a look at the work done by variable forces using a calculus-based approach. Well, as a reminder, work was the transfer of energy due to a force causing a displacement. And if I had a constant force, it was given by this equation, where I had the dot product between the force vector and the displacement vector. But again, that assumes I have a single value for the force and displacement and that they're always in the same directions relative to each other. If that's not true, I can't use this equation anymore. So what do I do? Well, I introduce the concept of incremental paths. And by this, I mean, if I can divide that displacement path into smaller regions where the force is approximately constant along each little section of displacement, then I could define my work as the total of the dot product between the force and displacement for each little segment. Segment 1, segment 2, segment 3, however many segments I need. Well, mathematically, when we're adding up individual terms like this, we can write this as the summation over the dot product between the force and displacement for individual little sections. And as I reduce the size of those sections, the summation becomes the integral where my delta r becomes just the derivative of r. So this is the integral of the force with respect to the displacement. And we need to be a little careful there because that integral had a dot product. It wasn't just force and displacement. It was the force dot product with the dr vector. Well, remember that if I've got the dot product, I can break that down into components, which means I can do the fx dx, the fydy, and if I've got three dimensions, an fcdz, all separately and then add up the results. Well, since work is not a vector, I can add up the three integrals as well. It's also important to keep in mind that I've got limits of my integration. So I need a starting and ending point for this path. So in general, I could say that that's my initial position and my final position, my ri, my rf. If I'm going to break it down into components, that means each one of these integrals has an initial and final position for that particular component. Now, if I only have a force in the x direction that has no y and z component for the force, then I can ignore these last two terms and do only the integral of f of x dx. Similarly, if I had something that was only y, I could ignore the x and the z integrals. But in general, you want to make sure that you're taking into account all three directions and just keep track of which one of these really matters for an individual problem. So that's the calc-based equation for variable forces. We'll see specific examples for individual variable forces, such as the spring force in a later video.


Good afternoon and welcome to this webinar organized by School Education Gateway. My name is Marta and I'm pleased to host this event today. Just the practical information for the audience, the webinar is recorded and the recording might be used for dissemination purposes. If you have questions, please post them in the chat and we will have a Q&A session in the end. Today's focus is new online reading skills, how schools can tackle information disorder. This webinar presents you the latest research in the field and gives you practical examples of new reading skills curriculum projects. The second part of the webinar provides you with workshops, ideas and how teachers can deal with information disorder in the classroom context. I'm very happy to present you Kari Kivinen. He is currently an education outreach expert at the European Union Intellectual Property Office. He has over 30 years of experience in international education and Kari is a member of the Informal Commission Expert Group on Tackling Disinformation and Promoting Digital Literacy through Education and Training that was constituted in September 2021. But without further delay, Kari, the floor is yours. Thank you very much for being here today. So hello everybody. I will share first my presentation with all of you. So here we go. I will be speaking about 45 minutes, but don't get bored. The assistance will put information in chat, the links about what is going to be said and so you can save them for food, you can check them after this presentation. So like it was told, I'm working at this moment in Erwipo in Alikante. I'm leading an IPN education project. Our mission is to promote creativity, innovation, entrepreneurship and responsible digital engagement of young Europeans. We have a lot of materials in all the European languages which you can find from ideas powered at school. You can Google it and find it. But for the last four or five years, I've been working together with Finnish fact-checking organisation, Faktabari, where we have developed this educational approach, adapting fact-checking methods for school environments, for teachers and for students. If you are interested to read more, you can maybe upload some of the documents and guides we have made. For example, these election approaches are already fact-checking for educators and future voters. At present, Faktabari is working together with the European school net with the very interesting facts for all projects and we are developing MOOC for school communities to tackle this information together with students, teachers and parents working together, creating a policy for the schools. So you can maybe follow that one too. I will start with the definitions. Normally we are speaking about media and information literacy, but if we are interested more in fact-checking and information, this is concentrating on information literacy part of MOOC. And because we are going to speak about digital information literacy, we are going to through the online information complications. So the definition of digital information literacy is a set of skills which everybody needs to discover, access, analyze, create, store and share information in the digital environment. One needs critical thinking skills in order to make balanced judgments because there are a lot of information and we have to always analyze whether the materials we are finding are matching our information needs if they are accurate or if they can be shared. Information literacy is a cornerstone of democracy because it empowers us as citizens to reach and express informed views and to engage fully with society. Information disorder is a combination of different types of wrong information. The first one which is maybe everybody knows it, misinformation, it's a mistake. We all make mistakes, teachers when they are explaining something to the class make mistakes, journalists when they are writing something they make mistakes and also the politicians make mistakes. The misinformation is something which is wrong information which is shared without no harm or bad intentions. Often for example quality journals and media is correcting their mistakes. This information on the contrary is a false information which is shared knowing that it's false and often there are different types of motivations which are sometimes quite harmful or they are economical or political or whatsoever. False content is shared more and more often in the online environments and we have to be alerted for that. Malinformation is probably correct information but it's shared against the wish of the person or the organization. For example, leaks, hate speech, harassment, gossip, something we are speaking behind somebody's back trying to give bad image of this person. All these are called information disorder. In many contexts people speak only misinformation or disinformation but this is what is already meant, often meant the whole bunch of information. Now in a good old times about 20 years ago when we wanted to know something we could take encyclopedia and here is the Finnish encyclopedia, rokotus means boxing. We could find in the alphabetical order information about everything. It was made by a journalist or scientist. It was normally quite reliable. We could kind of be sure that the information there is correct. Now we have these wonderful search senses and for example on Saturday I made a google search on vaccine. I got 1,240 million hits. The point is that we as online users, it's left to us to decide which of these information is correct, which of these information matches our need and how to pick the right information in the flow of information of such huge. The problem is also and the tricky thing is that the google search or any other search sense in search is not the same for everyone. The algorithm are giving us results which are kind of modified based on our own use, our interest, our past use of this search sense in and they are different to everybody. And even more serious is that one can buy the good access or good place for one's content in the platforms. So very often the top 10 information are promotional, commercial or they are kind of sponsored content. And we as users, we have to decide what to believe and what not to believe. It's the same comparison with the library and social media. If you go to any library in the world, you ask a librarian about anything. They can find you a book because the books in the libraries are well organized. They are having index, they are classified and you can find, if you're looking for mammals and camels, you can go to the zoological department, you can find the book and you can be sure that it's printed, it's quite reliable information. If you use social media platforms, you get whatsoever. For example, I did this last Saturday and for some reason my YouTube is giving me top hits are linked to the British progressive rock band called Kamel. I've never heard about them, but somehow it stops my lists. What I want to say with this is that in spite of the fact that the search engine is the social media is full of information, we as citizens, we as information users, we are having the big responsibility to decide ourselves which information can be used. Online environments and the platforms are made by commercial organizations to maximize the commercial interest. They are made to capture and sustain our attention. They are collecting data of us and they are selling it for advertisers and what is the maybe the most scary thing is that they are kind of developing models that they can predict and influence our future. If I want to buy a car, I start to get car advertisement. If I want to do something else, they are kind of learning quite quickly what I'm looking for and if it's still commercial, it's okay, but if it's political or if it's linked to the faith or something like that, it starts to be doubtful. There is an interesting research done by Kosyreva Tal. They have published the Citizen Versus Internet where they are kind of creating a theoretical framework on online environments. They are proposing four entry points, what can be done in order to ensure that we citizens, we are receiving correct information. First of all, there can be law and ethics, I mean regulations, ethical guidelines. It's very difficult for example in EU to regulate the big platforms. The technology can be also used for something good and something positive and algorithms can be created to do something which is useful for citizens. Also, the psychological and social sciences have to study much more how we are behaving in the online environment, what are kind of new type of rules or instructions online users need in order to survive in the information infection. And then the last thing, what I'm going to speak today, it's education, digital literacy in school curricula. There are some countries, for example my country Finland, which has been taking this seriously. At this moment we are ranking the, we are on the top of the ranking of media literacy index, at least in this study, in some other studies we are not so top, but Finnish Ministry of Education has taken this very seriously. And if you want to read more, you can have links to the Finnish media education approach. We have a thing called multiliterasi, which is media and information literacy and it's a transferral competence with all the teachers from primary to secondary have to take account whatever is your subject and the curricula is really well made so that multiliterasi is brought to the everyday life of the school. But in spite of the fact that the curricula was developed four, five years ago, there is now a new draft approach to update especially the information management part. And it starts from pre-primary education, goes to early education and then to primary and secondary. And here are some examples and this is a draft for from Finnish National Board of Education that already in the early education, children are kind of getting used to use browsers where they can find images and sounds. And systematically year by year it's kind of developed further so that the students will learn during the school time how to cope in the online environment, how to manage the information in different things. This is not yet in force but it will be put in force in the near future. And I would say that this type of approach is needed for all the member states or anybody, all the school systems that we are learning from early age to use online environment correctly. We have noticed in the fact about it that teachers need upskilling and professional development. So we have created plenty of materials which mainly are in Finnish but like I said earlier something is already in English. These in-service trainings, it's not one-shot thing because the media landscape is reshaping constantly and it has become more and more difficult to distinguish information from disinformation. So there has to be this kind of continuous updating of our skills as teachers and maybe this lecture is one of them. We have noticed that there are these elements which are kind of important for teachers to look at. The first to understand the difference between online and offline environment, I mean I will speak about that soon, and to understand that the social media themes of students and teachers are quite different. We look information from different sources, we get information from different sources, we teachers tend to get it from let's say television news, morning papers from official information which is prepared by journalists, while more and more youngsters get the information directly through social media from YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, whatsoever. The development of critical thinking skills are at the score, I will come back to that. Interaction with the experts is recommended, science concept should be clarified, which are the experts and sources which are reliable. We are very often speaking only about don't trust in anything, we have to also give reliable information for our students. Useful checklist, helping the critical thinking, how to deal with confusing contents, how to be algorithm aware, how to share it with students, how to check the authenticity of the photos and videos, and how to take care of your privacy shortly. Social media is an important part of everyday life of every youngster nowadays. In this study which was made two years ago in Finland over 6 000 students took part of it. Social media has brought friends, peer support, feeling of togetherness for let's say 70 percent of them. Information on interesting subject, 94 percent. The way to spend time, 95 percent. Problems and sorrow, half, but happiness, 93. It's so essential that for youngsters that if we as teachers are closing our eyes for social media, we are kind of keeping our lessons without having context to that. We are kind of closing our life, our youngsters out of what we are teaching. In Finland this was made before the COVID. The youngsters used about 15 to 20 hours weekly in the internet. They were using, depending on their age, different types of platforms, but it was everyday use for many. But in states the situation is already quite more advanced and this is unfortunately the way we are going for. So the 12 year olds are spending over four hours per day in the screen and the teenagers are over seven hours. They are having more time with the online environment than with the school. It's quite important to know. We often think that the students are degenerative, that they can do everything and they are very skillful in many areas. They are wonderfully skillful on using different types of apps, being in contact with others etc. But the problem is on the online reasoning and information management area. The Stanford University has been making these studies since 2015 and this is from 2016 but there is a new study which was published only this summer which shows that most students cannot make the difference between advertisement from real articles. Most high school students they granted the photos without verifying them and they have difficulties to differentiate between fake sources and it's quite especially the new results from this year are showing that there has not been much improvement the situation stays the same. So we have to help our students by giving them disinformation awareness and online reasoning skills and the best thing is to do is to promote critical thinking skills and when we are speaking about critical thinking it's it doesn't mean to flat out negative about everything it's more or less carefully balanced analytical thinking on the contents we are facing. We have noticed that different type of checklists are helping the critical thinking development. Think twice before liking or sharing or here on the right side you can see this kind of true or not checklist who is the author can you find the reliable web address to whom is made for what does it really say why is it made on what information is based is there a evidence or references are the pictures authentic. We have now noticed that these checklists are too long and I'm coming to the shortened version so European Union is fighting against disinformation in many fronts and if you want to find a good source of think before you share information you will have this link I warmly recommend you to check what kind of information and what kind of hints and ideas are shared it's in several languages. Now we come to the Stanford University findings Weinberg and McRue and the other researchers have proposed that we are developing new strategy ignoring strategy. In the online environment advertisers companies lobbyist theorists conspiracy theorists hate groups foreign governments even try to hijack our online attention and the wisest thing to do is ignore most of the things we find in the social media. It sounds crazy but the fact is that if I find one thousand million hits on vaccine it's impossible for anybody to even think about to go even through the first 10 of 20 of these and the idea of strategic ignorance is that if you are feeling that this information is not correct just ignore it and go to the information which matches with your needs better. So we should learn new things of ignoring information instead of going through everything we find and they have developed these lateral reading skills which is based on the professional factors way to verify the information and the latest development is that the lateral reading skill means to be able to answer the three crucial questions who is behind the information what is the evidence and what do other sources say. So when you are doing online search you get a result instead of starting reading it from top down like we normally do in the printed media we should check the source the facts stats and the sources before we are spending any time on reading the article and this is a typical kind of hit we get. So checking the url is already often giving information that this is not a domain name I want to trust to. If we don't find the name of the author or maybe the date is wrong the image is suspicious it's skipping. I don't go any further on this but the lateral reading means that instead of checking everything you find in the internet just concentrate on the information which is really worth reading and skip everything else rubbish to rubbish. Information experts which are journalists media experts they have to deal with this daily and it's warmly recommended that the journalists you can invite them to school to tell how they are making their stories how they are verifying the background information from how many sources and what are the responsible responsibilities of the journalists because in the online environment we don't have any responsibility anybody can publish whatsoever. So if you have a possibility to invite experts to your classroom do it. In most of the countries there are ethical guidelines for journalists it's good to find it out and read it because they are in general most of the countries primarily responsible for the readers that they are giving correct information. Of course every journalist every newspaper every media has their own kind of focus groups but in the end they are they are supposed to provide correct information at least in theory. The science during the Covid times the scientists have been in a really difficult situation. People are wishing to get black and white yes or no answers, are vaccines safe, are masks useful and the scientists have to base their answers to the research and the research results the evidence they have is not so easy to explain to the public and there are always this kind of probabilities and the pros and tips and people feel that they are failing but science is the the most close to truth we can get and if a scientist has made a wrong finding the next scientist will correct it. It's a kind of machine which is correcting itself little by little because the scientific theory is not an opinion it's based on the proven and valid view and during the last years we have maybe let science to be a little bit aside and it's actually something we should go for. That's why the Finnish academy in Finland has created a campaign to promote science so for young people so the scientific information is not an opinion it has been evaluated impartially and accurately it builds on knowledge evidence-based information can be criticised constructive discussion is part of the matter and scientific knowledge is not the ultimate truth it changes as understanding increases and what is interesting maybe for you is that the PISA OSA has decided that in PISA 2025 there is a new competence which will be evaluated it's a research evaluate and use scientific information for decision making so if you want your students to get good points in PISA you should kind of take this seriously science is also used for kind of wrong ends there are a lot of marketing which is kind of based on science which is not easy to find or it doesn't exist and i'd give this example of ginger which is something which is very positive it's healthy it's good but this little advertisement have been in many sites recent study shows that ginger is 10 000 times stronger than chemotherapy but there is no link to any kind of science study there is no link to anything it's just a statement and yeah we should be careful of these kind of statements of products which are marketed with the with the doctor looking person with white uniform this information is often linked to pseudoscience there are a lot of false experts this is UNESCO Milkliks warning about false experts and during the last years there has been this infodemic fluid of information and unfortunately there has been also total overload of wrong information disinformation if you have never ever visited the coronavirus fact database please do it it contains over 9 000 fact checks in 40 languages in over 70 countries and there are unbelievable things you can find and what is the most interesting thing in this database is that they have made kind of graphical presentations on how a story goes from country to country in the given time for example this one holding your breath for 10 seconds is a good test to check whether you have COVID-19 or not it has gone through the whole planet little by little from country to country this is a good source to look at when we are looking for disinformation also the Council of Europe has done a lot of materials for link to the pandemic and there is the links you can go and have a look I'm coming back to fact-checking and critical thinking so fact-checking approach encourages pupils to be careful check statements and spread only verified notes and we have noticed that bringing this to the classroom is a good idea fact-checkers are not only checking the kind of negative things this is an example of a factor bar we did a fact check of Krita's statements in one of her speeches and we asked two independent experts to verify the information and we gave a state statement accurate Krita was speaking on the language of science her information was based on something at that speech which was correct but the the social media is full of crazy claims there is a greater chance of dying by being hit by the bus than COVID-19 think about it what would you guess the North Island fact-check did check this and they found out that in Great Britain it is 3000 times greater chance of dying from COVID-19 than by by hitting a bus so it was totally wrong information so if you want to bring fact-checking to the school you can divide the pupils in the groups select claims ask them to select claims they want to check and examine it by using different sources at least two or three sources and then ask them to write the report and present it to the other class to the class with the true false of 5050 because there are a lot of disinformation which is partly correct but little by little the conclusions are going far much more to the disinformation side and there are areas where you cannot really say anything else that partly true partly not true also the opinions cannot be fact-checked because they are opinions the second idea is to to create in the classroom different campaigns for example veg and food for the school campaign or be nice to animals whatever ask students to create a support group to something create a name to the group and develop three statements to support their campaign and one of them should be missed or disinformation and when they are pitching it to the other class other pupils the other ones should find out which of the three is not correct i've done it several times with different type of publics and first of all it's difficult to lie the students feel that it's uncomfortable to lie and to create this information and secondly it's very difficult for the other ones to find out which one is not the correct one it's kind of good exercise besides of miss this and malinformation there are a lot of confusing information conspiracy theories have been going around especially during the code i've already spoken about pseudoscience click white titles sponsored contents echo shampoos satira and irony and the european audiovisual institute has made a very nice infogram which is already translated to most of the languages where you can kind of get the basics of different types of misleading news so the workshop idea here is to ask students to choose one of these areas find information about it some examples and share with the other ones it's quite interesting what they come with easy to find algorithm and wellness i've already spoken about it they are wonderful things i keep a positive example i'm a spotify user and every week my spotify is finding me a list of new songs i've never heard of before which are perfectly matching my taste i would have never ever found them without the help of the algorithm so the algorithm has learned to know what what i like what kind of music i like and it's able to produce me a list of similar type of things which see i like too the problem is that these algorithms are working also in the negative areas i give an example i was leading a school two years ago one and a half a year ago in Helsinki and our advertisement agency took contact with us and proposed us to take everything out of our youtube because they had noticed that the youtube users who are looking for pictures for children especially in swimming swimming suits are targeting to the school's websites so the youtube whatever you are or any kind of algorithm if you're interested in in stamps you are starting to get information about stamps if you are interested in strange political theories this is what you get if you're interested in whatsoever and it goes also to the negative side and it creates kind of silos which are dangerous but yeah so if we are aware of these algorithms we can use them for positive and then be kind of careful with other areas so in the the last sentence here the artificial intelligence has nowadays a power to choose the information which is placed this place to each individual and it influences the worldwide and the public opinion and it's a bit scary i don't go because of lack of time to much but i'm just explaining this when you are in the youtube every second every minute every hour there are millions of new videos uploaded to youtube there is an algorithm which is classifying these videos the content the length whatever and it's making a kind of classification or we as users we are classified too what kind of things we have done what kind of history we have what kind of searches were made what kind of video clips we are watching and then the algorithms are putting together out of millions millions of millions of clips a ranking list for us which they estimate that is interesting for us and if you are watching youtube videos and if you are not if the one video is sending and the new video is starting if you are not quick enough you notice that the next video is maybe interesting too so these algorithms are working really well and it's it's positive but it's also negative we have to be aware of that there is a nice little exercise use any search engine ask the pupils to choose any word the same word and compare the results and you will notice that in the classroom especially the results getting by the teacher and the results getting by the students are very different so it kind of shows how the algorithms are working in a very personalist way ways and it's also a good starting point for discussing the advantages and dangers of algorithms with the pupils there are also academic search engines and especially for teachers who are looking for kind of serious stuff good information i'd warmly recommend to use for example the rift seek or google scholar they are working beautifully and they are bringing kind of research information and articles which are you don't have to look so much than in the normal search engines there are more and more problems with the images and videos the visuals are something we like and people who want to spread this information or whatsoever they use strong visuals in order to cut our attention and very often the picture and the text doesn't match the picture and the title doesn't match or the picture is taken from an other situation and one of the nicest thing to do in the classroom is to use the reverse image search programs there are google yandex being envied has a catalog of different type of tools and verify how the photos are used and there is a quite fun thing it's advertising the little bit adobe but adobe has published a lot of photos where you have to guess if they are photoshopped or not and it's so difficult you will you will like this one this is an example how photos can be used in a distracted way there's a picture of a mess and there was 300 000 australians protesting about inaction in the climate policy and let's say the contra party reposted this photo with the text look the mess with the climate protesters left behind in our beautiful park when verified the photo was not taking on the climate strike not from the day it was taken not even the same country it was from a marihuana-based festival which was held in london much earlier but the damage was passed the message was passed the climate activists are leaving a mess behind them and this is very strong message and we should kind of verify the images and the texts and students love to do this type of how to lie with the photos can you find examples of click bites can you find a combination of image and text which is misleading or to create your own very clicking news in order to catch the other ones attention and here is an example of a typical strategy beautiful curl supermodels apply these three simple tricks to look young click to know what they are and when you click you get these kind of black results sleep well exercise regularly maintain a positive attitude but the point is that the site which you clicked has got more visitors and they are paid by the number of visitors and clicks they get and they get money out of this type of way before ending few words about privacy and digital footprint whatever we do we leave a footprint in the internet the passive one is left by our our computer ip address the data scientists can can follow us quite quite easily we whatever we do we leave a trace without knowing it but then we have this active part and i'm for example guilty for this i have a facebook i'm sharing my lot of photos lot of information on my basic my own life i'm doing it for for for free for the platform and then they use it to to sell the ads this is a little bit scary this is very new it was published a few weeks ago about which what are the information the companies know about us and the facebook is leading it instagram is number two then there is number three and this is how they make their money they are advertising they can focus advertisement based on our our personal information and yeah this is unbelievable but i do it because i like facebook i like to share pictures with my friends and yet i know that it's used against me there are ways to manage your privacy settings for example manage your own online choices it's quite effective and you can check your data points from the google it's absolutely unbelievable i would recommend you also the clean cookies from your computer times and times because they store a lot of information and the cookies are spreading it also for the advertisers one minute first trough has a wonderful toolkit for anybody who wants to have a one site where everything is available i would only recommend this UNESCO has different types of media and information literacy tools and materials there is a teaching citizenship journal which is online available which have a specific number on information disorder i would only recommend it if you are scared on frauds and scams there is tools like a scam advisor which can if you are doubting is this site reliable not you can you can use it and with the students this little black boot of scams and frauds it's from Malta it's it's quite good to use and the last thing is that last week the european commission has published selfie for teachers it's an online tool to assess your skills as a user of digital technologies and it's available in all the european languages and it's something you can easily do in order to get information of what kind of skills you would need to update thank you i'm ready to answer to your questions here yeah thank you very much kari for this extensive presentation i'm sure all the teachers and the participants found all the material services you presented and actually we have also here in the chat very useful i'm not sure if there are questions but yes indeed we invite all the participants to post the question in the chat meanwhile i would like to ask you something regarding the campaign you presented to promote the social science during the the pandemic and i was curious about that meaning that i would like to know how how the the campaign went and if you have any tangible results or concrete outcome that you can share with us because i think it was a really interesting thing so the council of europe created a group of educators to create these materials and there was a sudden need for online digital materials because most of the schools in europe moved to the distance teaching and and we did in a very short period of time materials which were kind of shared unfortunately i don't have statistics on that the council of europe probably has but it's it's not only the council of europe a lot of kind of publishers found the same thing that the last two years more and more information also the teaching materials have been moved to the online environment and it's something which is kind of it came to be stayed i think that there is no way back a lot of these teaching materials are still on the development for example the move we are developing now together with the european school net is is targeted for the schools to develop their own strategy together with the parents association and together with the students to have a common policy how in our school we tackle disinformation and online problems thank you thank you very much i cannot see the questions though if there are any could you please read it to me yeah exactly the thing is that we don't have questions at the moment so again please i think this is a great opportunity to ask karen kari some questions and i'm sure you you have something to us so do not hesitate to post them in the chat where a lot of positive comments in the chat and a lot of thanks but yeah i would definitely leave more minutes for the participants in case they have questions meanwhile i would like also to remind you that we have a feedback form that will be posted in the chat please do not forget to save the link and you can fill it in after the webinar we have a question relevant information about teacher education and how can infuse the knowledge i didn't really get the question yes so i'll try to re-elaborate the question i think what grastin that meant is that you provided very relevant information for teachers and education but how can they infuse this knowledge probably to their students this is what okay so social media is close to every single student in every subject and i think the first thing i would do is to show interest ask the students which where do you find your information which sources do you use and most probably they will not be quite talkative in the beginning so but if you are organizing a group work that they are working together and sharing between themselves this information you are starting to find out where what are the information sources the second approach could be that have you been confronted with this kind of disinformation recently and it might be that it's opening the question discussion in the classroom that yes i've seen these for example there are a lot of boys are interested in football and there are always a lot of disinformation going on which player is sold to which company and or which group etc the next option could be to kind of do maybe a little survey in the class on where do you find information what platforms do you use and to share it with other ones and little by little you are kind of getting into the item itself yeah and the the the workshops are proposed are also a good starting point one hint till this database on covid falsehoods it's so unbelievably amusing it's so sad but it's also amusing there are so strange and crazy claims which have been put forward that it's really interesting to to check asked students to check if there are any kind of disinformation they have met in days also many many thanks kari maybe one more thing is that tomorrow there is a new working group expert group on tackling disinformation and promoting digital literacy in europe it's organized by the european commission and we have a very tight schedule i'm part of that working group expert group there are 25 experts from different european countries and we are already planning to to create our first recommendations and reports in spring 2022 so it's something we are working with there is also new ditch comp 2.2 competencies for those ones who are working with the ditch comp or entry comp which are coming and they are updated very recently with the media and information literacy competencies so the ditch comp 2.2 will be published in in february 2022 okay thank you very much i just would like to point out that the presentation and the recording will be shared afterwards so do don't worry you will have everything after the webinar there is one one question from john what do you think about the dirty dosing that are claimed to be behind most coveted disinformation is it that simple what do they have to gain by spreading this information so i don't take position on anything which i don't know perfectly well but often behind the disinformation there are a different type of motivations and the motivations are sometimes difficult to understand they might be commercial political religious ideological there are all kind of groups which are kind of trying to promote a idea they thinking through social media and in the past it was very easy to to to find out which is disinformation because it was so badly made but nowadays there are highly sophisticated organizations which are providing perfectly beautiful well packed well presented disinformation for different type of purposes mainly to create confusion untrust to the politicians untrust to the governments untrust to the doctors untrust against the scientists whatever is the motivation and once again if you go to this database of covid 19 disinformation you will be surprised that what on earth people are thinking why why on earth these kind of claims have been put forward it sometimes goes beyond the understanding perfect thank you very much for answering also this question i think we don't have any other question in the chat at the moment i remind the participant one more time to save the link for the feedback for me because we would like to hear also from you yes it was a very useful webinar indeed i agree thank you very much but there is one more question from from sarah so let's take this opportunity students are great social media i think user which strategies can you suggest to encourage which strategies can you suggest to encourage their access to quality press often it's not free and good quality information so nobody wants to spread i've been doing a lot of exercises with young people in the past years and actually nobody wants to spread false information and disinformation on purpose and if they are aware that something they share is not correct it's kind of sinful thing there are a lot of free sources which are reliable it is true that some magazines and some quality journals are behind the pay pay paywall but there are a lot of research a lot of information available for free and to find these kind of free sources reliable sources is the important thing also to find the experts one can count on it's not sometimes easy to find out them but for example in finland we are kind of listing the reliable statistics reliable platforms and in each country has a different type of structure so it's difficult to generalize it but there are reliable information available without having to pay but unfortunately yes very many quality press are behind the paywall we have another comment thank you for the excellent presentation how can each one start using all mentioned tool to know if an information is reliable this is a question where I would recommend to go through to the fact-checking point of this presentation one has to take claim by claim look the order look the sources and the evidence and then kind of decide if this is trustworthy or not and in the end a lot of this information is quite easy to kind of reveal but not all it's difficult but worth doing and once you get this mindset of not sharing everything you you will see not getting not believing everything you you get in your screen having this little bit um two seconds before you are clicking something that is this true is this coming from reliable source can I find the order is there evidence yeah these kind of questions you ask you will be saved for a lot of harm thank you thank you very much um well we have a comment that it's fair because good journalists need to be paid but for teenagers it's difficult to access because it's not always easy to recognize without the help of adults yeah it's true yeah I'm just waiting because they are typing I see them typing so I don't want to close it in case we have any other question I'm not in a hurry no exactly no just I think just a lot of thank you okay thank you and tomorrow with this expert group we are starting to tackle Europe-wise that is information and it's going to be very interesting this is an area where we are learning new things every day like I said the media scene is moving developing very fast and it's it's quite a quite important that this kind of expert group has been created so we can start informing the teachers in Europe about what to do and also to advise the educational authorities on how to develop the national curricula in order to take account these things because the schools are the place where naturally students could learn critical thinking online reasoning or online behavior and to find correct information to analyze it and find it perfect thank you very much everything was really interesting and thank you for all the resources and the tools you provided I would like to remind you last time the feedback form please remember to save the link before we close the webinar and that no certificates are issued for issued for this session so once again thank you very much Cary thank you very much Eleonora for the support in the in the background and I wish you all a really good evening let's keep in touch I'm sure we will have other opportunity to meet Cary thank you very much Cary and thank you to all the participants for being here today bye bye