Good teams can win games, but great teams can beat the spread. Whoo! They won it! Yeah! Do you really know NBA basketball? Or are you a casual fan that only watches highlights? Welcome, everybody, to the Hop Hop Boys. David and Andrew here. We got a long list for you today. 20 things that the casual fan does not understand about the NBA. I mean, it's a big debate right now. Are you a casual? Are you a Hooper Hooper expert? Are you somewhere in between? Andrew, we are by no means Tex Winters, okay? But we have been following the NBA for about 20 years, and we came up with a list of 20 things that I think differentiate a casual's understanding of NBA basketball from somebody more in the middle or more expert. All right, so let us know what you think about this list in the comments down below, and let's get into it. Point number one, durability is a talent. I think that sometimes people get caught up in the highlights, right? Oh, LeBron, he doesn't have a lot of smooth moves. He plays a little bit like a football player. His durability is a talent, and that's one of the reasons why he has all the records. I mean, he's been the main contributor on his team for almost 20 years. That's crazy. That deserves goat status in some way alone. Right, just because it is true. I'll tell you this, guys, to be fair, his moves don't look cool. But you know, it really goes to your discipline and how you prioritize things. If you look at these A-1 talents, like John Wall, James Harden, they're not aging that gracefully because I don't feel like they're prioritizing the things you need to do to stay playing well deep into your 30s and potentially even your early 40s. And here's a player that really needs to think about how to avoid and recover from injuries correctly is Zion, because Zion is a Hall of Fame talent. I think we all agree, but if he can't play games, he's not gonna be great. And obviously, AD, he's getting more of his heavy injuries in the middle of his career. I'll say this, guys, I've read two things. Number one, and that most players who underperform a major contract, there's usually a major injury involved. So anytime people say somebody's washed, usually it is due to injury, you know why? Because when you are practicing to get better at basketball, both from the IQ, a rep, and just like a skills perspective, you can't take long breaks. I mean, like literally that would be like a bodybuilder sitting out of a bodybuilder in competition and not lifting for like a year and then getting back into it. It's very, very difficult. That's what Clay Thompson's doing is pretty impressive. Yeah, the best ability is availability. Point number two, the game is a lot more advanced, more skilled, and players overall are more athletic and better trained than they were in eras before. I mean, I will spot everybody before we get into the slander of Magic Johnson and Larry Bird.  I'll say this, probably back then, players had a lot less money, so they were more like, I guess trying to like rip each other's throats out. But let me tell you this guys, if Zion, the healthy Zion was back in like 1982, he would be averaging 45 points a game. Yeah, for me, I overall try to stay away from the whole Luca versus Larry Bird 101 or MJ versus blah, blah, blah, one-on-one because they just play in different generations of basketball guys. Every single athletic record has been broken over the past 30 years, so people are faster. That's a fact. I think MJ would still be very dominant in today's league, but he'd have to make some tweaks and shoot more threes. And not only this, Andrew, if Anthony Edwards was transported back to 1986, I think he would be a dominant player. Guys, it's fine. We give them their flowers. Larry Bird is great, but just don't say that he would beat Luca 101. Oh my gosh. I don't think it'd be true. People saying Bob Coosie is the top three point guard of all time. Come on guys, listen, the BMW E46 from like 1993 is an amazing classic car and the resale value is through the roof. It ain't got all the features of the 2023 models. Guys, point number three, there are actually a lot of good players who could compete in the NBA, but they're not going to find a roster spot. And that's too bad. Right. I think a lot of times the casual fans, they see somebody's summer mixed tape or they see somebody hooping, hooping, even against NBA comp and they're like, oh, how come Isaiah Briscoe's not in the league?  And it's just like, yo guys, to NBA is like, it's really about like defense too, like in schematics and all this stuff. And can you remember the plays? Are you a good locker room influence? I mean, a lot of these guys that are great street ballers are also like 6-3 at 6-3 in the NBA. You got to be a knockdown three-point shooter. You got to have defensive IQ, all these other things. And also a lot of teams are going to have that 15th spot on their roster for their two-way player. That's a young guy that they're trying to develop from the G league to the NBA and back and forth. So listen, sometimes it's just not the right time. Sometimes they just can't find the right situation. But trust me, there's a lot of guys out there that are talented enough to play in the NBA if given the shots, but just no team is going to build the offense around these guys. Yeah, it's like Mike James, for example, Andrew. He's a Hooper Hooper. He's incredibly skilled. He might be more skilled than some players who are even like all stars. But at the end of the day, he's like six foot flat and he's a volume shooter. Most teams just don't want that and cannot incorporate that in their offense. And even if he was on a team, which I do think he could be, he'd be like 14th or 15th man. Why would he want that? Right. He can actually make more money overseas than sitting on the bench for the Nets. Point number four, the game is more positionless and scoring focus now than ever. I remember CP3 said that he does not think that Steph should be the greatest point guard of all time because he doesn't really consider him a true point guard. Now, that of course- CP would say that. Yeah, of course CP is playing against him right now. He's hating by the way and just being, you know, a human, but the game is just different now. Literally, I would say right now, Andrew, everybody wants players that are six, seven to six, 10 can create advantages and make passes and see the windows once they create that competitive advantage and beat their man. Guys, I know that Steph Curry might not be the floor general or playmaker on the same level that CP is, but by the way, Steph is an amazing passer and his ability to score draws gravity towards him and allows plays to be made for his teammates. So when it comes to playmaking and, you know, putting up points on the board and basically contributing to the team, no doubt I think Steph is on that level. I mean, it's gonna be difficult to compare Arizona where the positions were like so strict and concrete where we're moving now, where it's really positionless. Did you guys know that back in the day, the point guard's job was to dribble up the ball, pass it to the forward, the forward passes it to the center and the center shoots the ball? That's it for the layup. That's it. That was how basketball was played at the time. Point number five, guys, recency bias due to media, social media, just the impulsive nature of modern life, Andrew, is at a 10 out of 10 right now.  And then the next game, you're like, oh no, the Warriors aren't gonna lose this. Next game, ah, maybe Celtics got it. Next game, no, Warriors aren't going down. One game, Andrew Wiggins been a whole bust his whole life. Next game, Andrew Wiggins, finals MVP over Steph. I'm telling you guys, if Andrew Wiggins were to somehow win finals MVP over Steph Curry, my gosh. All right, point number six, there are four main types of media surrounding the NBA. All right, guys, when you go to the people who do not play the game, you've got the rumor mill, guys. That's Brian Winnhorst, that's Woj. You got the narrative guys that scream and shout and weave stories. Stephen A. Smith, you've got your clown and former players, Shaq and Chuck, just hilarious, not super technical. Then you've got your breakdown guys, Draymond, JJ Reddick, Tim Legler, really breaking the down X's and O's. Could be coaches themselves.   Yeah, and then you got Gilbert Arenas, who is a mixture between the clown and ex-former player and a technical guy. And you just gotta know who you're listening to guys because not all these commentators can be considered the same. All right, point number seven, the coaching staff of a head coach is underrated. How come everybody only thinks about the head coach? That's like looking at a company C-suite and only analyzing the quality of the CEO, but you're not looking at the CFO, the CEO. Guys, I'm gonna tell you this. Udoka, the head coach of the Celtics the year before was an assistant coach on the Brooklyn Nets. So just to show you how good an assistant coach can be for that team. I mean, it means a lot. It would be a little bit, and I know the casual fans sometimes do this. And it would be like looking at just the top number one or two or three superstars on a team. But really, if you look at most teams in the NBA, they run anywhere from like, probably like an eight-man rotation if you were averaging out with the playoffs. Yeah, guys. And also a lot of the assistant coaches are often the ones spending the most time one-on-one with players. Point number eight, most people watching NBA games have no idea what's going on other than just seeing a highlight play or like a step back jumper. I mean, I think this is where playing basketball at a decently high level competitively will give you a perspective of an actual player. Like when you're getting double team to half court, if you've been double team to half court, you know what it feels like getting crowded like that. And then you can kind of understand how it might be in the NBA getting crowded by six foot seven guys. Yeah, I think for me, even watching the channel thinking basketball, it really helped me because, you know, they do try to do some technical analysis, like with the little circles and stuff. I know Kenny Smith does, but it's just not advanced enough for the scheme that the offensive running, and especially obviously the defensive schemes. Oh, not only that, Andrew, on an ISO possession, there's a lot more technicality that goes into it other than like, did the guy fall down and did I switch the shot? How does Luca get past this guy all the time? David, he's not that fast. Luca is always looking at weight distribution and how much that person can explode off each leg. And he's also looking at the second line of defense, whether there's a big coming over, is he hedging, is he in the drop. So basically, Luca is like thinking about layer one, layer two, layer three already, when everybody else obviously only sees layer one. But of course it's natural for Luca at this point because he has done it thousands and thousands and thousands of times. Also he uses an off-arm a lot too. That's something Kyrie Irving does as well. Also Luca went pro, I believe at 14 years old and his dad was a pro player. All right guys, point number nine. You need both analytics and basketball flow guys on the coaching staff for a great team.  And if you look at the Dallas Mavericks Andrew this year, that was the only team where if you took the combined analytics of the top eight players that actually play, they were worse than the team they beat. So everybody else, you could have just based it off the analytics, whether they were gonna win or not. But the analytics of the Mavericks was a little bit worse than that of the Jazz and the Phoenix Suns, but they were able to defeat them because they had the flow coach, Jason Kidd. Yeah, and I think a lot of people look at Steve Kerr, like, oh, is he really an X's and O and super technical guy? I mean, maybe he is or he isn't, but trust me, people on his coaching staff are because maybe Steve Kerr is more of the flow guy, just like Phil Jackson was for the Bulls and the Lakers. Yeah, I feel like some people are like Darryl Morey where they're just like analytics, analytics. And then there's like flow guys like Kevin McKayle where he was just like, just play the game. And it's like, dude, you need both. All right, number 10, talking about analytics guys, advanced metrics, analytics in the three point shot did not actually ruin the NBA. I'm not convincing a lot of people that are casuals or maybe they think they know basketball. They're like, dude, the three pointers just ruin the NBA. All people do is shoot threes. Well, trust me, you actually don't win championships only shooting threes. Even though, yes, if you hit 33% of your threes, that equals to 50% of your twos. That's why everybody shoots threes. Because if you look at like the 10 out of 10 analytic run teams like the Houston Rockets during the Moore years, they never really went far. They would end up hitting their ceiling. So it goes to show you, I mean, I think it's a meme. People see what's happening in AAU and middle school games and kids chucking it up from half court. I do agree that the kids have a tendency to mimic like NBA players too early without developing the base fundamentals, but that's just human nature. I will tell you this, if all teams just all shot threes all the time as their offense, other teams would adjust. And then basically it starts to even out so that now the two pointer is also a worthy shot as well. Anyways, guys, moving on to point number 11. One thing that a lot of people don't know is that a lot of NBA players actually train closely with each other in the off season and they even share trainers. Right, and that's one of the negatives from the old school guys that they always like, dude, why are all these guys friends? The NBA was better when they wanted to like punch each other in the face with, they saw each other out at night. Yeah, I mean, I think that players honestly really want to get better and they enjoy each other. And yes, there is probably less aggression off court amongst each other. But yeah, I mean, that is one thing I would say about the current NBA is that maybe people sometimes don't want to beat the other person bad enough. I don't know. So, hey, like you said, we're being fair, guys. We are giving some credence and, you know, to the other side. Yo, the old school dudes want to rip each other's throats more. Yeah, let's weigh less skill though. Point number 12. Guys, I heard that a lot of like basketball organizations, like franchises, are like old boys' clubs on the back end. So, you know, from the GM to the coaches to the assistants. However, what has been shown to win in recent years has been more of a tech-centric approach. So basically the NBA teams that are not run like a bro squad like frat, but more run like an actual like Google with like hardcore like employee performance indicators and stuff like that, even for executives have been shown to go far. So if you look at companies like Google, Apple, Tesla, these are like the greatest companies of the recent memory, right? Of the last like 20 years, right? In America. So it's funny that a lot of NBA teams are gonna take on some of the influence. I'm not saying they're tech companies, but they are going to be mimicking some of the structures. And I think Andrew, that like bro squad on the back end, it used to work when everybody else was running the bro squad. But if somebody's like, you know, firing all the weak employees based on performance and then you're not doing that, then I think you're gonna struggle in the modern NBA. The King's horrible franchise, very much nepotistic. Yeah. Point number 13, Andrew. You need defensive minded role players who are cheap and out playing their contracts to sort of fill in the pieces on a championship playoff team. Because obviously as we know guys, there is a salary cap and money restrictions do come into play in the NBA. Yeah. And also let's be honest, a lot of people on a contract year, they end up playing better. And I don't think it's necessarily just the money, but you know, people always say desperation will make a person play differently than when they're not desperate. But if you look at the last couple of champions in the NBA, Andrew, I'm gonna take that Lakers like bubble chip out of there. The Raptors, they had OG and Annobe on a super cheap contract. The Bucks had super cheap role players who were like doing everything. The Celtics have players like Grant Williams and Derek White, super cheap role players. The only exception, Andrew, is the Warriors because the Warriors have a $340 million payroll. So they go deep into the luxury tax to have like essentially ultra elevated cheap role players. Number 14, there will be more and more ex-players, former players doing NBA commentary in the future. As you can see now with the rise, I mean of Richard Jefferson, obviously all these other players are coming back out like after they retire or even while they're still playing like Pat Beverly and being commentators and people are really enjoying it because they often offer some insight that the people who didn't play in the league can't. Yeah, I mean, I think that I'm for myself, Andrew. I'm super sick of the journalists analyzing the game. They never played usually super out of shape. And then, you know, as much as I like to see GP, KG, and you know, Chris Weber clown around with each other, not the most technical breakdowns. I'm not saying that they didn't know it, but they just couldn't say it that way.  So, Andrew, a lot of people, they like to categorize players like, oh, he's a good offensive player. He's a bad offensive player. He's a good defensive player. He's a bad defensive player. At the NBA level, it starts to get really complicated, right? Because people are like, okay, well, he can't score in the ISO at all, but he can finish a lob. He knows when to cut, and he knows how to hit an open corner three and be in that spot. So what is good at offense? Well, what a lot of people think about when it comes to defense is like, oh, this person always has, always gets beat because like he's not fast enough, but they're actually a really good team defender and maybe they have great help defense. It's not all about just staying in front of your guy. I remember JR Smith was a great on-ball defender, but probably you wouldn't say the smartest team defender. Dreymond is both. He can defend on-ball and he's a great defensive floor general. Right, so I think a lot of people have to understand that there's on-ball and then there's team defense, but most casual fans, obviously when you're watching the game, all you understand is that matchup right there. You understand Pat Bev clapping and tugging on somebody's shorts. Point number 16, Andrew. Just like there are three levels of scoring, close, middle, and long range, there are also three layers of offense. The initial defender, the help that comes from help side, and then the relocate and scramble. So the reason I had to come up with this, Andrew, and I know the three level score has already been there, but I came up with the three layers because Steph is one of the only players I can think of, Andrew. They got all six. Steph can score from the close, the mid, the long range, Andrew, but he can beat his initial defender. He knows what to do when help side comes, and if he's gotta get rid of it, he can relocate or throw up a crazy magic scramble shot that people love. For example, Andrew, I do believe that Kobe Bryant could have done all six, but when it came to the third layer of offense, oftentimes instead of relocating it, like giving it up and then relocating, he was all about the scramble magic.  Relocating is definitely something that a kind of like pure shooter or shooting-minded person is going to do. And I think that that actually, my last point, Andrew, is why James Hardin is struggling right now because no longer can he beat people at layer one every single time because he was just so strong and so athletic, but now, Andrew, he doesn't have the mid range, so he's missing the mid range on the levels, and then he's missing that third layer of relocation. So Steph got six out of six on my chart, Hardin got four out of six, and he's getting old. That's bad news. Point number 17, Andrew, we're talking about deficiencies and people's strengths and pros and cons. It is the job of a coaching staff to figure out how to hide a player's flaws, right? I mean, listen, you have a talent, and the coaching staff and everybody else on the organization is supposed to understand this talent and what they're good and not good at. So of course, the coaching staff has to figure out a way to hide their flaws so that their flaws don't get exposed constantly. For example, Andrew, the Boston Celtics during this NBA finals, they are relentlessly trying to hunt Steph. They are trying to get a matchup, an ISO matchup between Jalen and Tatum on Steph and the ISO, right? But the Warriors know this, and Steve Kerr is such a good coach. He knows how they're doing it, and they're basically pre-switching and stuff to prevent it from happening. Andrew, it's sort of like Tom Brady winning all these championships in the NFL. Tom Brady cannot run the ball. But guess what, Andrew Tampa Bay and the Patriots, they just ran an offense where Tom Brady didn't need to do that. Point number 18, Andrew, tanking due to the draft lottery system is so whack and needs to be fixed. Oh man, David, you really hate this, and I think everybody hates to see bad franchises just continue to get number one picks. And it's not just about these small markets and flyover states. I know what some people are gonna say, getting number one picks. No, it's nothing against the state and the city. I would say eight out of 10 times, these teams that are at the bottom of the NBA rankings, they're poorly run. A poorly run franchise is going to take a great talent's career and hold it back. Yeah, and this is the thing I think that what I like to see about the NBA moving forward is that the organizations have a higher standard now, with the Warriors, with the Raptors, maybe the Nets as an organization. But it's like everybody's trying to get better and do better and understand like, yo guys, we can't do it the old school way anymore, so we need to update it. Yeah, I mean, I just think that tanking, man, if I got to see more of these great players in cities that nobody wants to go to, man, I don't know, it makes me mad. Andrew, point number 19, overseas and foreign players are probably always going to make between 25 and 35. Who knows, maybe even 40% of the NBA. What's going on? Bro, well, there's just so much talent overseas and they're getting way better training and there's a lot of programs and incentives for them to make it this far. I mean, think about it, guys, America is one country, but you have players from potentially all other countries on Earth. And because I think that the NBA right now is such a combination between size and skill, it's not like America can have a monopoly on all the tall people. So yeah, you're seeing tall people from around the world coming over. Yeah, minus, Giannis, I would say most of the most athletic players still come from America, but a lot of the most skilled players like Luca and Jokic are coming from overseas. And I think people have to understand the reason is they are getting schematic play-action coaching much, much, much earlier. And guess what, Andrew? They're also playing against adults much, much, much earlier. So basically they're receiving more of the training you would need in a pro system. So even though they cannot do cool dunks, they never spend any of their energy or like energy pie slices learning cool dunks. Point number 20. Andrew, the regular season is too boring. Wow. I mean, I think that this is a- David, as a casual, I love the regular season. Yeah. What are you talking about? I mean, I don't know, I don't want to say that this is only just like a casual versus like Hooper Hooper expert thing. I think everybody thinks that it's too boring. I think at this point it is a money equation for everybody. But man, there's too many games. There's a lot of games and it's not just injuries. I do think injuries playing into it.  So I do think that lowering the games could be better. And also maybe if you lower the games, people play harder per game. Because 82 games plus the playoffs. And plus Andrew, you were saying earlier, be honest, you think the All-Star game is whack. Yeah, the All-Star game is whack. But guys, that's just something, I don't know how to change that other than I guess giving more payment incentives. Let me tell you this, the dunk contest and the three point contest are snooze fest in 2022. No, seriously, you gotta build better incentives for the dunk contest and three point contest and the All-Star game. I get it, all these players are super rich. They don't need to risk injury for an All-Star game, for an exhibition game, that doesn't matter. Okay, I had one last point, bonus point, 21 hidden point. Is that nowadays in the NBA, every player is so skilled and good at threes that actually almost every role player one time a season can go off for like 30 points. Yeah, you always see a fire stat line. Dude, these guys have a crazy game, but it doesn't mean that they're gonna do that all the time because basically every player can shoot so many threes nowadays and the way the game is played, it flows very fast that one game, you're gonna get hot. I mean, these are guys who are used to filling it up during college and throughout their entire high school career. There's no more bums in the NBA. There's no more like, I'm not trying to diss John Crotty, but Peyton Pritchard would work John Crotty one-on-one. Peyton Pritchard, I'm not surprised if he drops like 25 one game next year or if not 30 maybe. You can still hit the step back all day. I mean, long story short for me, I think I have two major takeaways. One, I think the reason that a lot of people do not understand why like certain people don't play or they can't stick in the league, defensive rotations.  You have to be able to hit your defensive rotations in the given scheme that your coach is telling you to run. Number two, Andrew, I think that at the end of the day that casual overrates the layer one interaction. You know, Dame Lillard to me, Andrew, and even Trey Young arguably is better at a layer one interaction than Steph is. But Steph's layer two, which is when the help side comes and layer three, when the broken play and there's a scramble is better than Dame and Trey. But on a just pure ISO maestro, I might give it a Dame and Trey over Steph. But like we said guys, all three levels matter. All three layers matter, but most casuals only locked in to the Hooper Hooperism. Okay, to wrap it up guys, let us know in the comments down below what you thought of the list. Was this new to you? What did you learn? What did you already know? Maybe you knew everything that we were talking about. Maybe you agree? Maybe you disagree? Maybe you'd like to add on. Yeah, let us know in the comments down below at the end of the day. Listen, if you made it this far and you still wanna enjoy the game on a casual level, that's fine.  So really there's nothing wrong with being a casual fan because sometimes if you look too much into it, I don't know, it can make the game more complicated. Sometimes people just wanna think about things simply. I love it. I would love if I was a five out of five. I would give myself like a 3.5 out of five understanding right now. But some people's understanding is like a one, but they don't know they're at one. All right everybody, thank you so much for watching our list of 20 things that the casual fans do not know about the NBA. Hit that like button, click subscribe and let us know in the comments below what you think again. All right, thank you everybody. Until next time, we out. Peace.


I've been involved with art since I was a young kid. My family's always been heavily involved with the arts, graphic arts. So I initially went to a recruiter's office. I said, I wanted to join and serve my country. The counselor there that kind of helps you guide you through the contract, noticed the type of way that I signed my name. Told me, hey, you wanna go see this other job that we have available? Luckily for me, I was able to get that job. My name is Mass Sergeant Juan Muñoz and I am the US Army Artist. Yes, it's a huge sense of pride, first off, to be able to serve in this capacity. At first I had a big sense of pressure. I felt like when I got in this position, I'm in charge of capturing the three to four year timeline while I'm assigned here of the history of the Army. But as I got more familiarized and started developing the art, it's more about telling those individual stories. For a combat artist, our focus, although you wanna create a finished product, of course, our focus is more about the storytelling of what the piece is gonna do and how it relates to our soldiers. So how we capture that soldier's story and then how we can tell it and capture it for the history of the Army. Capturing something such as a piece that I did, titled Specialist Perez in Baghdad, a lot of soldiers can relate to that. A lot of soldiers can relate to what it's like to sit on a watchtower and pull guard 12 hours a day for a full year of a deployment and then just how sometimes it can be mundane, sometimes it can be harsh, but at the same time, we're all serving our country in some capacity.


The anchor-hawking-glass cooperation brings you crime photographer. Ethelbert, why the grin? Well, Casey, tomorrow is Halloween and I keep thinking of old Lamb Peabody. Why him? Old Lamb could think of more tricks for Halloween. Nobody could beat him. He was famous for his tricks. Well, I suppose that's one way to get famous, to do something better than anyone else. Well, you're so right, Casey. And you know when you make something better than anyone else, you become famous, too. And that's why anchor-hawking is the most famous name in glass. Ladies and gentlemen, this is Tony Marvin. Every week at this time, the anchor-hawking-glass cooperation of Lancaster, Ohio, and its more than 10,000 employees, bring you another adventure of Casey crime photographer. Ace Cameraman, who covers the crime news of a great city. Written by Alonzo Dean Cole, our adventure for tonight, great grandfather's wrench receipt. The Blue Note Cafe, the night before Halloween. Hmm, strange, that's tonight. In honor of the event, the long mirror behind the bar has been more or less tastefully decorated, but the decorations used last year, and for a number of Halloween's before that. And Casey, regarding them critically... Uh, Athelbert, why don't you ever get some new decorations in this place? Yes, and those witches look awful tired. I know Casey, I told the boss, but he said the only guys who'd be critical of our old Halloween decorations were a few of our old customers who always owed us money anyway. So? Boy, did I step into that one like a dove. Why, Casey, you know I'd never dream of hinting. But if you got 28 bucks and 40 cents in your pocket... All right, here's 20. I'll let the 840 ride and give me a receipt. A receipt? Since when ain't you trusted me? I always take receipts. You never asked me for one before. You didn't let me finish. I always take receipts for dough paid out just before Halloween. Just before? It's been an old family custom, Athelbert. Ever since my great-grandfather's terrible experience. What was that? Well, maybe I'd better let sleeping ghosts lie. Sleeping ghosts, did you say? Yeah, great-grandfather's experience was with a supernatural. Uh-oh, I think we've stepped into something, Athelbert. Is it scary? It scared my great-grandfather plenty. Would you like to hear about it?  Yeah, we're listening. Well, to begin with, great-grandfather was a Casey. And the Casey's were Irish. Now he tells us that. My great-grandfather Casey, whose first name was Patrick, by the way, was a young guy when this happened. And by his own admission, he was one of the laziest lugs in County Cork. Oh, so you get it from him? I'd ignore that. But like all of us Casey's, he had a lot of talent and personality. We ignore that. Well, he was a fine fiddle player. And all the girls around were crazy about him, especially Molly McBride, to whom he'd become engaged. Well, one fine October day in Ireland nearly a hundred years ago, the two of them were on their way to pay the rent. Will you get up off that log and stop your fiddling? Ah, no, Molly, darling. How can you delay so when what we have to do is so important for us both? By now, when you promise to pay Sir Timothy the rent, you owe him. Dark night will be upon us before you reach his lordship's door. Ah, the old man won't mind. Sir Tim dotes on me, Molly. Why, when I served under him in the army, pat me by, he used to say, pat me by. Give me that fiddle. Here, here. Now let go, Molly. You'll break it. Patrick, last night when me father, against his better judgement, lent you the farm rent, you owe Sir Timothy, to his faithful you promised him you'd settle down to work and stop idling with your tunes. That is a promise I'm keeping from the day you and me are married, on the day after all Saints' Day. Oh, so you're putting off keeping it. Patrick Casey, unless you make up your mind and turn over and new leaf this very second, there'll be no marriage between you and me. I promise, sure, sure I swear it. Then let's be on our way to his lordship's. We start this very instant after you give me a kiss. No, that's waste in time.  Now let me go, Pat. Let me go. Oh, no, darling.  I love you, Alana. You really are going to settle down.  I saw one should have been known as Mr. Patrick Casey, the ambitious businessman. It is that I am right now, Molly. Then let's be on our way to Sir Tim's. It is like the wind I'll go there, but first let's have another kiss. No. Ah, just one, Molly.  That's the kind of a guy my great-grandfather was when he was young. And that's the kind of a gal Molly McBride was. Well, I hope she finally bent that fiddle over his head, Casey. She didn't, Danny. Great-grandfather got what was coming to him another way. Go on and tell us. Well, Ethelbert, the two of them got to the landlord's house about five or six hours late. This landlord was a tough old character. The rent owed him was long overdue. Outside his door, Pat had an attack of cold feet. Molly, Molly, I've been thinking, poor Sir Timothy's a very sick man. And we shouldn't disturb him so late in the evening. Now, let's come back in the morning. Patrick, no. It's not a second longer. I'll let you procrastinate. Here, now, don't pull that bell cord, Molly. Aye. If you're going to take me as your bride on the day after all Saints Day, Pat Casey, it's a house you've got to have for me to live in. And there'll be no house unless your rent is paid. Have you still the money that my father lent you? Aye. It's safe inside my pocket. Now, when you pay it to Sir Timothy, mind you get a receipt for it. A receipt? Well, it is a businessman. I'm making of you, Pat. You get a receipt. Oh, darling, you don't understand. No, I don't. Someone's on locking up the door. There'll be all Michael Feely, his lordship's body servant, and another hard, rough man. He was once a sergeant over. Oh, so it is you, Pat Casey. You're late. Get you inside here. Yes, sir. Come on, Molly. Here is your lordship. Who? At last you stand before me. Good evening, your lordship. Good evening, you bid me. When at noon you said you'd be here. Come close to this chair. I'm chanted with me sickness. When I twist your lion's throat. Stay where you are, Pat. I will, Molly. Lord and borns, he's brought a woman with him for protection. He did know such thing as a responsible tenon of your lordships. He brought me here to introduce me. Do it, Pat. Sir Timothy O'Hare, this is Molly McBride, my future wife. You are the future wife of procrastinating, Pat. I am going to marry Mr. Patrick Casey on the day past all Saints Day, your lordship. Mr. Patrick Casey.  Me condolences young woman in me heartfelt pity. But future wife or no wife, Pat, I want the money your own for a full-term rent. And since you can't pay it, I know you couldn't. I'm going to ring your neck. Your lordship, I have the money for you. Here, look, it's in this bag. Oh, oh, make a feeling. Bring me Brandy quick. For the full term, your lordship. I borrowed it to pay you with. Oh, borrowed it here. That explains everything. For the moment I thought you'd gone to work and earned it. Give me the money, Pat, and may the lord help its lender. My father lent this money, sir. Your father? And sure, you mustn't take a word I've said in my earnest. See, I told you this man dotes on me. Molly, we'd best be going now. Not till you get your rent receipt. Molly, I beg you. It is a matter of business.  Ah, sir, Tim will never die because heaven won't have his likes and the devil will be fair to take him in. What are you two whispering to yourselves about? Please, your lordship, for the rent Patrick's paid you, we want a receipt. A receipt? No, no, your lordship. Yes, your lordship, I...  No, sir. But just the same. We want a receipt. You... Oh, brains and pawns. Ah, all right young woman. She'll have it. You've picked the card in for yourself who knows what she wants and gets it. A receipt she wants for procrastination, Pat. And she's going to marry the nanny. The master has a poor weak heart, Pat. You should take shame for yourself making him laugh like that. Michael, it's really... Your lordship, what's the matter? Pat, he slumped over in his chair. Michael, Michael Feely, the middle master, Sir Timothy, he's dead. Dead? Ah, I was mistaken about the devil. He wasn't afraid to take his lordship. Pat, we didn't get our receipt. Ah, well, it's all right, Molly. The silver we paid is here to prove our claim. Where is the silver? He laid it beside him on the table. Well, it's not there now. Molly! The money's gone! And it was a great mystery where the money had gone to. My great-grandfather and his fiancee searched everywhere. Did they search that servant, Kate? No, no, no. But there was to be later proof that Michael Feely didn't take the bag of silver. Well, tell us what happened next. I'm going to win. You know, a hundred years ago, you couldn't just pick up a telephone and call in help when death occurred. They laid the old man out decently in his bed, and Pat was putting off going for a priest and the undertaker. While Molly worried, Michael Feely sat grief-stricken at a chair. A receipt to show you ever paid that money, Pat? When Sir Tim's son, John, takes over the estate, he can hold you for the whole term's rent again. Why, he can do no such thing, Molly. Not when there's Michael Feely to testify that he saw us pay it. I'll testify if I'm able, Pat. If he's able, he says, Pat.  I can't realise me the year old master's gone. Pat, do you really think the devil took him, as you said a while ago? Well, as one who knew Sir Tim's character, Michael, in both war and peace, I hardly think the blessed sands would want the man. Ah, wherever he's gone, he's all alone. I'm all alone after being his friend in 740 years. Where do you suppose our rent money went to? To my mind, the solution of that is very simple, Molly. And knowing how his lordship loved money, I think he took the silver with him. Sure, and it'll be entirely melted by now. But you shouldn't be talking to the dead this way. Whatever else you may see of him, Sir Tim was a man. And now I shall hear him not call me Michael Peely no more. Michael Peely. Patrick! Molly! It is the voice of me master. I'm coming, Sir Tim. All Michael has come to join you. Stop him, Pat. He's our only witness. Sir Michael, wait. Come back. I'm here, your lordship. Again, we together again. Here, Michael. Michael. Here now stand up, ma'am, and speak to me. Ah, Ramali. He's not... Yes. The man's dead. Oh, nothing to show for the rent. 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Clean, sanitary glass brings this liquid energy to your table untouched by any foreign flavor. And of course glass jars are easy and safe to open. Anchor glass containers and easy to open anchor caps so widely used by the packers of honey are products of anchor hocking. The most famous name in glass. The ghost of that old Sir Timothy called the servant, okay? My great-grandfather said there could be no mistake about the voice effort. It was Sir Timothy O'Hare and he was dead. Gee, then the servant died too? Definitely and completely. Which left your ancestor in quite a tough spot. The spot got tougher, Annie. John O'Hare, Sir Tim's son and heir to his estate was a lot different from his father. He was one of those cold, fishy, holier-than-now birds. And the old man had despised him. Naturally, he demanded the past you rent on Pat's farm. And when he was told... I swear I paid the rent Sir John just like we've said. But you have no receipt. We had a witness. And like my honoured father, that witness is dead. Enough of this fuss. Patrick, Casey, our terms will rent you owe. If you do not pay, I turn you off your farm. Pawn, we meant to be married on the day after all Saints' Day. Better for you, Molly McBride, that such misfortune be averted. Casey, tomorrow is all Saints' Day and I want me money then or out you go. I can't borrow the money twice, Sir. I care not how often you borrow it. I ask only that you pay it once. You'd reduce me father's holy memory when you say you gave him that of which he left no trace behind. Well, how could he leave a trace, Sir, when his master took a master's sudden? What do you mean by his master? The devil, of course, Sir, who took both man and silver. To dare insult the sacred memory of me parent. Holy pious man who was now with the heavens angels. Patrick, Casey, I gave you till all Saints' Day to pay the money that you're owe in. Now I won't accept the money. Instead, you must bring proof of the vicious scandal you've just mowed. And when you don't, I'll not only turn you from your farm, I'll have you jailed for slander. Oh, Patrick. Oh, Molly. It seemed a great grandfather to have a possible out after that one. He took Molly to her home, and that night on Halloween, the two of them sat on her doorstep while he played the hopeless thoughts of his thing. Don't play any more sad tunes, Pat. Put your fiddle down. All right, Molly. This is a fine mess of things I've made. Is there nothing that we can do? Well, you heard the young lord. Tomorrow I must produce proof. That you paid his father money. And that his father took it with him where I think he went. It is a difficult assignment. It is a tremendous assignment.  Molly, do you insinuate that if I died, I'd be thrown into association with the likes of Sir Tim? Oh, no, the lord forbid. If I could only meet the devil here in a personal, friendly way. Patrick Casey. Molly. It is me father calling from inside. Molly, leave that good for nothing and come into the house. Your father don't like me since I lost the money that he lent. Molly! I must go in. I love you, Pat. And I love you. Good night, darling. Good night, Pat. Sure. And a cold doorstep is soon the only place I'd have to rest. Well, come, fiddle. After tomorrow it'll be you and me wandering in the cold hard world alone. Tomorrow, come all saints' day. Molly will be lost to me forever. Could I have another chance, I'd mend my ways?  Would you, darling? What? The fascinating Pat. His lordship's voice. His law. Michael Veely. Michael Veely. Yes, my lord. It's both of them speaking from the dead. Michael Veely. That's that lady's countenance down here. That I will search in. Where are you? I can't see you. No, I see you now, Michael Veely. You're ghostly far. Come, Pat, to his lordship. No, no, no. Now go away. If you feel, stay where you are. If you dare for the chance you wish, but now, then come. He mean for Molly? Aye. Sure, and it's dreaming I am, but lead on. You have not far to go. The door lies here. Door? There's but a hole in the ground. It will close like a door once you enter. You dare for Molly? Aye, so Tim waits below with your entry seat. Lead on, man. I follow. First lay down your fiddle. It must be left here. My fiddle? It is wood and very dry. Oh. I get your implication. Stay here and scorch, fiddle. Now lead on quick, Michael, before I change my mind. Come. I come. Ghost above me here. Let me out. Thanks, Patrick. Now you stay oiled. Well, you have the silver I paid you, and my entry seat. Now you're going to give me one or the other, so I can wed Molly on the day after all same. Stop. Excuse me, sir, for my social error. Here I know one should not mention the same. Don't! Oh, sure. I'm completely mortified at my own bad manners. Now, sir Tim, will you please hand me that silver or my rent receipt, and I prefer the last name. Not yet, Pat. Nothing for nothing is the road we live by here. If something you want, then something you must do to earn it. For what you hold, I'll do anything at all.  Will you play us a tune? That would be a pleasure of the finest. But above, sir, Michael Feely, had me leave the fiddle. Yeah, because here we have a special one for you to play. Here it is, Pat. One of metal that glows with quite hot heat. You can leave this place as you came in, a worthless bag born, or you can leave with self-respect and win the carly in the jello. Which fiddle will you play? The one you left outside? Or this one here? For Molly, you'll give me that rent receipt? Or the silver to prove your tale to the fool who is my son. I advise that the seat is asbestos. The silver has been here over long to ever cool. I'll play your white-hot fiddle, sir. Yeah, Michael Feely. Place it in his hand. Aye, sir. Now play a jig-tune, Pat. And do not skimp it. Play every note, and dot, and bar. Play from beginning to the finish and earn your right to live and love. For the details of what happened right after that. But next morning, on all Saints' Day, the sexton found him lying in the churchyard in a peculiar place and in a peculiar condition. He ran to tell Molly McBride, and she lost no time in coming back with him. Speak to me, Patrick. It is me, your Molly. His eyelid fluttered open then. The man's coming too. Oh, thank heaven. He lives. Oh, how come he to be lying on all Sir Timo Hare's grave? Oh, look at his poor hands. They're burned to the bone. Yet he's clutching something in them something like. Second chance. Hey, speaking. Tell me you're all right, Pat. Tell me. Molly. Molly, darling. Oh, Pat. I'm a cushioner, Lionel. Oh, even now, Pat, you're so much stronger than me. Why are you lying here? And what happened to your poor hands? Oh, my hands. Molly, what day is it? All Saints' Day, Pat.  This is to be, you mean. Lead me to Sir John. What do you mean, Pat? Ah, soon you'll know for young Sir John right. Run, Patrick. This is your last day of grace. Run and hide before he has you jailed. Sure, and I'll not run from that man. There's the thing of what we want. Whoa! Barney, column. Seems that worth for a scab for me. No, no. Touch me not. I warn you all. Here, Sir John, is your parents' rent receipt. Pat. What stuff is this? What do you go at morning? You said you had none from his hair. That was a day ago at morning. Do you know your father's writing? Holy Saints, his very scrawl. But yesterday it stated... It was made last night, to be exact. Eve of all Saints' Day. When came you by this? Perhaps, Sir John, for your family's honour, it is a matter we should discuss in private. Yes, yes, yes. Everybody's step aside. Not I. You'll have no discussions, Patrick, that I don't know about it. Now, Your Lordship, that we're all alone, the three of us together, you'll know that this receipt is written on unburnable material. That is in my favour, sir. They did since his death. I see that you've drawn your own conclusions. Patrick, where on earth did you get that writing? Nowhere on earth, my darling. Well, Your Lordship, is this the proof you demand? Patrick, my friend. If you'll just give me that receipt, we'll let the matter drop. To preserve the reputation of your sainted father, I'd be glad to let you have it, sir. But this receipt is all I have to show that I paid in your rent. I'll give you another gladly. Well, now, I have a fancy for this one. I'll give you a receipt for two years, Pat. No, now I'm thinking of the signature of a dead man on Asbestos. It'll be worth much more than that to Autograph Collector. We'll say five years free rent and the money you borrowed I'll pay back myself. Pat, take it quick. Sergeant Horace's money. I am thinking, Sir John, that the bride I take tomorrow should have a fine wedding to do so. That too I'll give. And a wedding trip the two of us at like across the seas to America. It's yours. And I'll throw in a personal gift to boot Pat. I'll buy you a fine fiddle. Ah, that you won't. From the feel of my hands I never want to see a fiddle more. But all else is a bargain, Your Lordship. Bring that asbest... that paper to the manor and we'll put it all in writing. Good-bye to you now and blessings on your way. Oh, Pat, five years free renter. A bridal trusso and a trip to America. Kiss me, Medarlin. Would you have me waste time before I get the deal in writing? I am now Mr. Patrick Casey, the ambitious businessman. Oh, Patrick, I don't like you this way. Oh, and don't you now? Come to me, Molly, Medarlin. You know, your way. It is much stronger you are than I am. Join the crowd of the Blue Note in just a moment. Our government asks us to save food to help relieve starvation abroad. Now, there are more ways than one to save food. You can use less or you can use food to better advantage. So here's a suggestion. Serve more oven baked dishes. Delicious nourishing baked dishes can be prepared from the less expensive cuts of meat or from leftovers. You will enjoy these big steaming casserole dishes, particularly when they come to the table warm, fragrant, and appetizing in beautiful pale blue Fire King oven glass. Fire King oven glass is amazingly easy to clean, amazingly sturdy. Now, you'll find Fire King oven glass at five and 10 cent stores, department stores, and other stores selling household glass. Fire King prices are amazingly low and every piece is guaranteed for two years against oven breakage. Fire King oven glass is a product of anchor hocking. The most famous name in glass. And father married Molly McBride on the day after all Saints Day, huh? Yes, Ethelburton. When they came to America on their wedding trip, they liked the place so well they stayed there. Eventually contributing one press photographer to their adopted country. And a very good press photographer, Annie, if I may say so myself. You can't win with this guy, Miss Williams. Mr. Casey. There's a gorgeous moon tonight. It's a real harvest moon, Annie. Uh... You like to drive one the long way? If I didn't. I'm sure it's much stronger you are than I am. Starring Stotz Cotsworth as Casey is brought to you each Thursday by the Anchor Hocking Glass Corporation. Makers of Fire King oven glass. Anchor glass containers. Anchor caps and closures. All products of Anchor Hocking. The most famous name in glass. Original music is by Archie Blyer and the program features Miss Jan Minor as Anne and John Gibson as Ethelburton. Pat was played by Carl Swenson and Molly by Kathy McGregor. Herman Chittison is the blue note pianist. This is Girl Scout Week. The Girl Scouts believe and rightly so that better citizens build a better world. Tonight Anchor Hocking gladly salutes all the 1 million girls from 7 to 17 and their leaders who are part of this splendid movement making a real contribution to peace through understanding and friendship. This is Tony Marvin saying good night for the Anchor Hocking Glass Corporation of Lancaster, Ohio with offices in all principal cities of the United States and Canada. This is CBS The Columbia Broadcasting System.


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There are more coming from the performance side and now we have a developer coming into performance So that's super interesting. I think and she will talk about fonts. Yes. So Go away Hello everyone, how are you doing? Are you excited to be here? I'm excited to talk to you about fonts My name is see a caramel a ghost. It's a very long Greek name Actually, that's not even all of my name, but um, I am a web developer and performance engineer I like front-end. I end up still having to do full stack sadly, but it's alright. I live in New Orleans This is me at Mardi Gras. So but that's enough about me. You're not here for me. I'm also a Google developer expert and web technologies and I come more from the industry side. So I I Teach at conferences. I teach workshops on performance, but I also actually build web applications And web really is my bread and butter. These are the slides at bit.ly font-perf lowercase You can find these slides. So you don't have to scramble to copy anything down or Take screenshots. They are deployed in the web. So all of these links are clickable Yeah, you ready to get started So I want to pull the audience really quick How many of you are super passionate about web performance and you're like a wonk you're like really into like this the weeds in the tech There's a lot of you here How many of you are you think performance is great and you love it? But you're you know a developer and you're still learning and you're in that process Yay And how many of you are curious but not yet convinced that performance is important Okay And in the rest of you, why are you here? That's good to know I like to know my audience because I'm gonna adjust this a little bit I don't think we need this section because I think most of you care about performance So we're just gonna jump right in but what about typography because I'm talking about fonts here So I'm just gonna take a super quick side thing and talk about typography So typography is what language looks like It communicates content is king like the words are king But typography still makes a difference and if you don't understand that let's look at these few slides So Think to yourself. What does this evoke in you? I'm gonna go back and forth It's just one word. Hello Oops wrong way Versus this What are these these things about different feelings in you? Maybe this one's like it's more out there. It's friendlier. It's open. It's trustworthy as a slab plant The next one is maybe a little quieter But it's also all cats. It's a little confusing. Is it yelling at me, but it's italicized I Know most of you are not Americans But these fonts this is all the same word right in New York, New York, New York I feel like I should have started singing the song but But each of these evokes a different feeling in me Because I'm also it's like brand recognition. So it's like associated with the publications that they are from Or the sports teams they are used for So typography is still important But what like when we talk about fonts in action in the web and typography what annoys you I like to be interactive. So I want you to shout things at me What is something that annoys you about fonts and performance in the web? They are slow when they're slow, right? What else special characters? Yeah Yeah, yeah, there's a different loading issue Yeah Swapping font and like what else about swapping fonts. There's something that really annoys me What? Oh the flash but also like especially when it like moves everything and you're like, oh my god I was halfway down this article and I have no idea where I am anymore, right? Like that's annoying So I'm a web developer, but I'm also very concerned about user experience Which is why I love performance Because I want the users to be happy when they visit a page and not feel like it's annoying So let's jump right into case studies First I'm going to talk about web fonts. So like Google fonts. How many of you use Google fonts or something similar? Yeah, we all love them. Yay So web fonts They're hosted on fast and reliable CDNs They also have optimized variants. I don't know if you know this but for example with Google fonts I think open stands has at least 30 something different variants that optimize based on a user's browser So because I don't know This is the joy of web development browser differences, right? So like Safari is not going to render fonts in the same way that Chrome does so this can be a little annoying So it's nice when you use these CDNs because they can you know, they can actually serve a more optimized font for that user's browser This this should be an air quick Opportunity for shared caching. We'll get back to that in a little bit But we now have control over Food and foit flash of unstyle text and flash of invisible text and we'll talk about that a little later What are the downsides? There's a minimum of two separate requests. I'll talk about why we're going to jump right into that Can't use resource hints if you don't know what those are. It's all right. I'll tell you what they are and It can't take advantage of h2 multiplexing If the server can even prioritize it right and luckily right after my talk Robin's going to dive deep into a lot of H2 issues and other things So I know the font's a little small on this our screens a little small, but this is a network profile I'm assuming most of you have seen a network profile I mean if not, you know, it's okay. We'll learn here So what's in this first line? What's the first line always anyways? What what file is that? It's like the page, right? The second file you can't read it. I'll just read it to you. It says style.css, right? So what do you think that is? Style sheets. Yeah, I know It was a trick question not The the third line it says fonts.googleapis.com CSS what is that? It's it's that call it's that it's what you copy paste from Google fonts into either the head or into your style sheet, right? But what kind of file is that? It's a CSS file, right? It's not the actual font The CSS file does have you ever opened it and looked at it? It does all the font face decorations and then after that it calls out to fetch the fonts So what do you think those last two lines are? the fonts Does this look efficient to you? What's going on here? Why? What does anyone notice like a big glaring issue of? What's going on here and why I might have made this slower than it needs to be So we have remember the index the CSS my font CSS and then the fonts. That's the order. So what's going on there? Yeah, yeah, sorry. Sorry camera What's why is this starting here after the CSS? Because I called it from my CSS. Have you ever actually I'm going to break all these rules about the video? Sorry I am calling The font from your style sheet because you know it gives you those two options Sometimes it's easier to do this like maybe you're working with a framework or a tool and it's easier to drop your font call in your CSS But you're paying a performance price So what's one way we can fix that what's one way that we can? Make it start loading right away Put it in the head of the HTML So when we put it in the head of the HTML, this is what happens So we've it we scooched it over some we don't have to wait for the see it the CSS to be downloaded and the CSM CSS some created and Then call our finally our CSS for our fonts We can put it in the head and it will start downloading that font CSS style sheet right away But what but there's more things we can do here to make this faster, right? What do you notice about you can't read this but it says fonts Google APIs calm and then The actual font lines say fonts dot g static You can't see the rest of this but it's calm and then there's a long hash for the font So what's happening? Here yeah But didn't we just make a call to to Google? They're on two different domains So the style sheet and the fonts are on two different domains. So what do we have to do? Yeah, oh, yeah, we'll talk about the font hints, but um, so the browser has to Start up a connection to that separate domain, but it won't do that until it knows that it has to reach out to that domain So we have this wasted time again from doing this connection We know we're gonna do this connection, but we don't know until after that style sheet is Downloaded and the CSS song is created so that it knows So resource hints are our friends We're gonna focus on these middle three This is a nice little handy thing. I got from one of Addy Osmani's tweets. He's a He was a performance engineer at Google. I think he's on a different team now, but he has some great stuff so Preconnect preload and prefetch are really fun Resource hints. We'll talk about DNS prefetch also, but first I'll talk about the others. So what preconnect does is It can warm up a connection for you It can do all the steps of warming up that connection for you and just have it waiting for you in the background But there's a time limit on it So if you don't think that you're going to access a domain until later What you can do is instead do DNS prefetch and it just does a DNS part So at least it negotiates that time, but a preconnect will do the rest of the connection as well But it has its time sensitive preload what preload does is It tells the browser oh, hey, I know I am going to need this file soon Download it now So normally browsers are smart. They're not going to download a file until they know it's necessary when we're talking about fonts and similar So it's not going to pull it down until it knows that you have the matching characters And that you're using the font on that page based on the CSS But preload says hey, I'm going to just go ahead and download it now Because I know I'm going to need it later even though you don't know it yet Prefetch lets you put things in your cache for future use. We're not going to talk about that in here But just so you know So what can we do actually conveniently on this slide? That code snippet is exactly what you would use with Google fonts. So what it says that is I Want you to warm up the connection to fonts dot g static comm now And so if we just put that in on the head of our HTML with our call to our style sheet Then that connection will start to warm up and you can see it down here, you know It's kind of just like on its own hanging out here before the actual Fonts are downloaded So you just copy that line directly in there and that does a pre-connect and so now we've made our site Faster by just doing these little kind of tricks Like the code isn't significantly different, but you can actually make a pretty good chunk of Savings just right there. Let's talk about self-hosted fonts.  The page itself right the second line is my style that CSS That's also where I have my font face declarations And then what's going on with those last two lines? It's the fonts, right? But like what was one of those hints do you remember what I said earlier? There's a hint that can say oh, hey Hey browser Preconnect is for the connection. We've already this is our domain So we don't need to do any extra connections preload. So what we oh, sorry, I forgot the mic was there So what we can do is we can say hey browser. I'm definitely going to use this font. I want you to Download it earlier. So I don't have this longer time of waiting Because you know what else is happening? What happens while that font is downloading, but it's not yet loaded What is the page look like?  We're not talking about Content so what we can do is we can preload and the only thing I've added to these lines here is this rel equals preload and then what can happen now on supported browsers is That those files will be downloaded right away any file. I put link rel preload on there. So With great power comes what? Great responsibility if you're watching a superhero movie And so we don't want to abuse this right? We only want to do this when we're actually going to use they're definitely going to use the file on that page because we don't want to abuse our users data plans and also I suspect is it the next slide I suspect That's why this has happened. I don't know does anyone know anyone on the Firefox team So on Firefox preload used to be supported and now it's not supported. It's like behind a flag So I would really be curious if anyone on the Firefox team, please. Oh my Twitter handle is the green Greek Let me know what happened there My guess is because maybe they are concerned about the users and kind of people abusing these privileges So make sure that you don't abuse this privilege, but it will work in all the other modern browsers so Remember when I said sure when I said shared caching of popular fonts. I used to say like, you know, if you're using open fans or Roboto don't Just do it directly from Google fonts. Oh, don't ever try to just copy the hash of the Of the font itself. There's a hash So don't try to copy that whole URL because those are changed often and they'll just disappear So you never want to do that but shared caches go anyway So now you can contemplate whether it might be a good idea to download the font and serve it locally even if it is a Google font you'll lose some of the other benefits like the variants and stuff like that but because of double key caching and I don't know if anyone's gonna talk about this later, but shared Caches not really a Benefit anymore Let's talk about font rendering So remember when I said Voit and food or Foutt Voit is on this page. I know it's a little hard to see This is I have a screenshot of performance happening. That's what's over here on the Right-hand side and this is the page itself. If you look at the page itself, you can see there are actual words in my nav bar but if you Could see this screenshot better The projectors a little bit dark There's no words in my nav bar. There's no words in my button It's annoying, right? That's a flash of invisible text. Does anyone know why that's happening? This is this was using Google fonts Does anyone know why that's happening? Yeah, yeah, so the default for Google fonts on their font display property was display swap So that means that it's going to show the fallback font for up to three seconds and then it finally will switch to the web font So It won't I'm sorry it will block it it won't show anything at all and For three seconds and then it will show the fallback and then it will show the web font And so this was annoying right like you couldn't you had no control over this before but now you have control With the Google fonts API and now by default it has this part of the URL in it if you just add and Display equal swap you will get display swap and what display swap does is instead of Making it invisible It will show the fallback font until the font web font is loaded And we're going to kind of see a little bit of this in action in a minute So that's really cool if you have legacy apps that use Google fonts You can make you can make them use display swap if you want all you have to do is add that last part of the URL You don't have to like go in and like re-copy your URLs. You just add the The query at the end so So Flash of unstyled text right that's this change here. That's annoying, right? Sometimes I mean sometimes it's more annoying than others If we think about what's happening here I mean, this might vary by user. I feel like we used to match fonts based more on style But if I am for example reading a blog post or an article the thing that's going to annoy me more is layout shift So once that font comes in if I'm on a totally different paragraph when it comes in For me as a user that's going to annoy me. So for me. I reckon I I guess Recognize the intent of this quote the style doesn't matter so much as it has to flow the same way And so there's some great tools that we can use like font style matcher And I'm going to actually go to this And so what you can do is you let me zoom in so you can see this a little bit better You can put it automatically has Google fonts available here, but you can also upload your own font So I've uploaded this font and I'm going to tell you more about that font and what my fallback font used to be was aerial So if I go down here, you can see them overlapped We can use a different color for each font so Ariel's red now and then you can see in action like the shift that happens So I have this this is actually a variable font I'm going to talk about that in a minute So we can see what happens and what we can do is we can adjust properties for example like font size aerial If you look here, it just is a little bit smaller so I could like bump up the font size and I could basically provide an entire fallback font and change things Change which one is used based use on JavaScript. I prefer not to do JavaScript So what I did is I put in some other website fonts in here and I found that Um Verdana, I actually don't know how to pronounce that for Donna. We're Dana. I Put that one in and it matched a lot faster But you can actually get super close on some fonts and then maybe you realize you don't actually need your font but um, but at least here my um The size of the font the line height and the wet the letter spacing really closely matches So it makes a really great fallback font for me because I don't want the extra JavaScript on the page just to load a separate font style as well So that's a great tool to keep in your back pocket for Having to deal with the swapping font How many you have used variable fonts before I Feared I would go into this a little bit because they're fun and new and so and they also present some challenges for performance So we are going to we don't have slides for this. We're just going to do this I started playing with his variable font called recursive. They have a really cool website And it's a highly flexible new variable font what I should do is go to Firefox when was the last time you used Firefox DevTools Okay, so I'm actually using so um, I do use Okay, that's fine. I do use Chrome mostly for performance, but Firefox has You know what helps what to do before you're a talk get on the Wi-Fi It helps actually I think I might be hold on Yay all right, um, so if I go into then Inspect my element actually did I inspect that one? I was just doing it randomly. Let me inspect What's really cool about Firefox DevTools is they have this whole fonts panel over here I wonder if I can zoom in that So if you look here, we're gonna play this is so you can see what this particular Variable font will do. I mean you can play with standard things like size and Lion height which is kind of cool and letter spacing. Oh That's terrible But it also has all these special things that are just for this particular variable font And so what is this variable font do right now? It's on Not mono space, but this font actually can be mono space as well So I like to use my blog is my playground and so I'm using this variable font so I can use Oh, this is my coding font too and then you know And my body text is gonna be that and then I called casual But I call it sassy versus not sassy right now that I think that's sassy. Here's not sassy and then here's sassy aka casual weight So look at that. It's like a smooth transition. I can like choose any weight in there That's pretty cool. So instead of like downloading, you know, you have to download your 700 weight your 800 weight Like if you want heavy bold or your lightweight You could theoretically just have all your weights in one variable font and then slant like italics There's actually slant and italic are two different things Italic actually changes slant features as well So Firefox, that's one lesson from this Firefox inspecting inspecting fonts are really great actually CSS grid and other inspect element things are really cool there So that's a variable font an intro to a variable font but How how many kilobytes do you think are loaded when you do like a regular font? Does anyone like looked at that how many kilobytes to use? Yeah, so I feel like you know like per Per style that you use because it might be like it's like 400 weight regular would be maybe 15 to 20 kilobytes or up to 30 It depends on really the font or in what subsets you're using like it's just you know Latin text or is it others? and so So maybe you have like Maybe let's say you have four of those because you're doing maybe you have two different fonts and you have two different weights That's conservative. That's like 80 kilobytes. Maybe so my basic English subset was 130 kilobytes It's a variable font. Like I said, this is my blog so I get to play with things. It's okay if they're a little bit bigger So what happened was the designer came out with a new version the font designer came out with a new version And he wanted me to deploy it, but it was like 400 kilobytes I'm a performance engineer. I don't think I should do that So we started playing with performance more. So if we have things like variable fonts, what are some other things we could do perhaps? Do you have any ideas? I mean, I don't know if we have this all correct, but what do you think we can do? There's another thing I haven't spoken about here with fonts that you can do Yeah Yeah, so subsetting we will we can subset based on character codes Do you know about this inside your font? I don't know if you've played in font display properties We're all developers. Most of us are developers in here, right? So it's like we don't often play or learn all the CSS things that maybe we should But let me zoom in a little I was gonna show you the difference with For Donna, but it's fine. So we did we made more subsets and so most of my website is in basic English characters and so You can put a unicode range in your Font face declarations and it knows to use this font for this unicode range And this is the only one that I preload now I don't preload the rest and then the others will only ever load if they're used on a page. So like I have Yes, like some diacritics and some other things some symbols and Extended fonts and then a special font just for my first name because I made it the super heavyweight So That's that's the path we chose There's also tools you can do to subset your fonts if you want really aggressive sub setting It's actually called sub font I think I've a link to it in the back of this But if you want to look at sub font ain't not just for variable fonts for any font So you can look at this tool called sub font. I forgot the developer who wrote it But it kind of gives you a whole set of tools for Setting up your fonts in a more performant way So, yeah, what's really cool about preload, which I forgot to mention because I wanted to show it to you live is that Often what happens is we can beat the rendering path remember what preload does It automatically we put in our head that we're gonna use this font I want you to preload it. I want you to load it now. So what we can often do is The only what happened there when I reloaded did you see that I should slow it down There's only one thing that happened there that you could visually see right not slower because so I did that But on a faster connection What can often happen is we actually skip that fallback time I do have a display swap on my name because it's brand It's branded so like branded things you might want to keep swap because you don't want to see the ugly font on your brand but yeah So if I go to Firefox, right, which doesn't do Preload needed to save all the cash. This one has a much bigger Layout shift so more more resources mentioned. I do have a short article It's a little bit data now, but it still works if you want to learn how to Self-host your Google fonts. There's a little tool you can use in there and the steps involved Also when you're looking at things like I Didn't mention this in this talk specifically But you can pull your data into can I use like if you use Google analytics you can pull in that data And you can see like, you know for my particular users is this feature going to be supported like for example preload Most of my users for one client are on Safari so it's supported thank goodness and then sub font That tool I mentioned which you can use for any type of font so thanks, thanks for coming to my talk again the slides are at bit.ly font perf and Writing resources more see a code you can get find me at the green Greek. We will Yeah, I guess we'll take a few questions. I prefer offline questions though So feel free to come up to me later I'll be in this room for the rest of the web perf thing So in the breaks and then also afterwards if you want to you know reach out to me and go out there You can also DM me on Twitter Or just mess or at me that to you, but thanks for thanks for coming to my talk


Have you ever wondered about the rewards and challenges of being a transportation planner, especially when it comes to building bike lanes? Well, we got the perfect book for you. And today we'll be going over Jeanette Sadiq Khan and Seth Solomonow's book, Street Fight, a handbook for an urban revolution. Welcome to the Urban Mobility Book Review Series brought to you by the EIT Urban Mobility Academy in collaboration with the Urban Cycling Institute where we uncover the key ideas that keep our cities moving.  Today, let's talk about the chapter Bike Lanes and Their Discontents from Jeanette Sadiq Khan and Seth Solomonow's book, Street Fight, a handbook for an urban revolution. This book offers a great perspective from a former head of New York City's Transportation Department, and her experiences cycling around New York City. So in this book, you get the perspective of a bureaucrat who has worked in the system, and also the perspective of someone who has actively participated in how difficult cycling can be in a country where cycling is not promoted. One of the problems is that driving is somewhat elevated to a form of ideology. The cards are the form of untouchable demigods of our transportation system. They are, in fact, the default in most of our street design. So when policy makers mention other modes as an alternative, even though it might not be true in reality, it is true in how we lay out our streets. As the book states, quote, reapportioning streets for any other use than driving or parking is an ideological war on cars, end quote. Street Fight then articulates why cyclists are hated so much. What you see on city streets depends on how you get around. Drivers see the street as territory granted to them that is needlessly interactive by signs, signals, and interlopers. With pedestrians, buses, and other cars, they have always existed. Bikes are new kids on the block. Whether or not cyclists pose any danger, it is still comforting to people who drive in these large Lego blocks that they are at least stuck in traffic together in solidarity. Quote, enter the bike. Drivers and pedestrians may hate each other, but if they agree on one thing, it's that they both hate cyclists. Drivers and pedestrians haven't learned to read the street and see or hear bike riders. Sleek and nimble with great speed. Their agility in traffic space makes them unpredictable in the eyes of other road users. Jeanette Siddiq Khan recounts, quote, I've startled pedestrians on my bike even when I've stopped. I've been cursed for appearing out of nowhere and riding even with a signal in the bike lane. But even when I've done nothing wrong, I can see the fear and instinct for collective punishment are no less real. Bike riders must then exist on a totally different frequency, a frequency that's incompatible with those who drive. This could be literally true in the sense that bikes don't really follow the grid lines, and it is also figured to be true in the fact that cyclists stand out and look very different. When it comes to news reports, the perception and the treatment of cyclists is no more equal than on the street. When a cyclist strikes a person, that news is definitely to make headlines. But when a car runs into a bike causing a collision, then that news almost never makes it to the front page. The book talks about the importance of getting buy-in, not just from the neighborhood, but also from the bureaucrats within the system. This include not just the urban planners, but some surprising actors, such as the fire department, the police, who is influenced by the very design of the street. Fire trucks, for example, would like to fit within the turning radius, and police would like a clear way to enforce driving and vehicle infractions. By changing the street, you're changing the way that these people can do their jobs. The bike, as a new kid on the block, may be great for rethinking how we design the street, but it's also hostile in the sense that people have to think and make up ways to do things differently. That's not always easy, and that could lead to some very big reshuffling, both physically and within the structure of the system. And that's Street Fight by Jeanette Sadiq Khan and Seth Sillimanau. Thank you for joining us for this episode of the Urban Mobility Book Review Series by EIT Urban Mobility Academy in collaboration with the Urban Cycling Institute. For more books like this, and to fill out your bookshelf, hit the subscribe button and ring that bell.


Hello everyone, welcome to Newswire where we share the top news stories of the week and so to start off I'm going to look at a particular walrus that fell asleep and found itself in Kerry Which is definitely at the break from all the coronavirus coverage we've had over the last few weeks So basically this walrus who money can relate to after a heavy zoom call fell asleep And most likely in Greenland and found itself near Valencia Island in Kerry I am now where walruses are usually found and its location was not disclosed for a long time because I'm People and experts were afraid that it would attract tourists the area and people trying to take the all-important Instagram story And since then the way the walrus husband spotted in Wales So it has made its travels once again and yeah over to Valerie Thanks for that Rochene and now I'm going to talk about the Grammys 2021 that happened just over the weekend This 63rd annual Grammys Awards show took place on March the 14th And was for the first time held part socially distanced and part virtually It was hosted by the Daily Show's Trevor Noah and despite the obvious challenges this year due to the coronavirus pandemic What with no audience etc. The show still managed to have an almost four hour run time So the biggest wins of the night was Taylor Swift winning album of the year for folklore and Billie Eilish winning record of the year with everything I wanted Beyonce broke the record for a female artist with the most Grammy wins coming to a total of 28 after last weekend's show and Other winners included Harry Styles, Dua Lipa, Ariana Grande, John Legend and Megan Thee Stallion Some of the highlights of this year's differently formatted show included the babies rather over the top performance of his hits on Rockstar with a gospel choir Ariana Grande tweeting at Lady Gaga telling her to wake up when they won the award for best pop duo Slash group performance after she had already apparently fallen asleep and Dua Lipa's usual questionable dance moves during her performance at the show The Grammys have been under fire for the past number of years due to their lack of diversity in nominating black artists as well as female artists Many artists have criticized the awards show for their lack of recognition Where it is truly deserved as well as common incorrect category nominations Some examples include Drake's hit hotline bling winning best wraps on in 2017 despite having no rap in it Singer Halsey calling it the Academy this year to be more transparent after having not been nominated for anything And tired of the creator taking on the best rap album in 2020 for Igor a record that is not really categorized as rap This year another boycott came from none other than the weekend himself After not being nominated for anything despite his album after hours being the second Roadstream album on the planet in 2020 and a single blinding lights breaking countless records He has said that he will no longer allow his label to submit his music to the Grammys and he is not alone This year's Grammys seem to promise some change or modernization to the seemingly obsolete awards show with the lowest ratings They've ever had this year However, it is obvious that they still have a long way to go in creating a show that celebrates all artists based purely on their talents and work and not on any prejudices or bias Thanks Valerie and for our final news story this week on news wire TV. I'm covering the updates on the vaccine rollout in Ireland Minister for Health Stephen Donnelly made a statement in the doll this week After heavy criticism of the Irish government on the slow rollout of the COVID-19 vaccine In the statement Minister for Health Stephen Donnelly said that four in every five adults in Ireland are to be offered one to two doses by the end of June if Pharmaceutical companies adhere to the delivery commitments promised By the end of March 1.1 million doses of vaccines from the three different companies supplying vaccines in Ireland are to be received With a fourth company under the name of Jansen starting to supply vaccines come April Currently people aged 70 and above are receiving the vaccine along with those who are at high risk or those who are immunocompromised along with cancer patients More transmissible variants have kept the cases high daily according to Minister for Health Stephen Donnelly Minister for Health Stephen Donnelly also acknowledged that the public now feel very frustrated And that the pandemic will never end But he explained That the end is truly in sight. That's all for this week on news wire. Thank you for listening. Bye. Bye


Well, hello, and welcome to the Daily Decrypt. I'm your host, Amanda, and today's fine episode is brought to you by the Merkel. The next version of the Dash reference client will support an increased block size from its current cap at 1 megabytes to 2 megabytes. But the interesting part of the story is not the block size increase, so much as how it was decided upon and how quickly the decision was made. The governance process in Dash is currently unique among all cryptocurrencies, and it takes place in its second tier, which is to say that Dash's masternodes simply put it to a vote. Well, that sounds like a lot of new and strange words. Let's delve into how the process works. First, let's define what a masternode is. Currently, all cryptocurrencies are dependent upon individuals choosing to host copies of that currency's ledger, or blockchain, somewhere on a computer. And in general, these people are referred to as nodes. In 2014, lead Dash developer Evan Duffield designed a scheme which would allow any of Dash's nodes to do more than just host the blockchain in exchange for pay. And these are what he calls masternodes. Among other network services, these masternodes provide the governance direction of the development of the coin through voting. Dash's masternodes each must lock in 1000 Dash as collateral, and as a whole, they're paid half of the block reward, with the other half going to Dash's proof-of-work minors. Now that you know what a masternode is, how did the vote to double the block size take place? On January 18th, Duffield submitted an official proposal to Dash's roughly 3,500 masternodes asking for their approval to double the block size cap. Duffield stated that in order for the proposal to pass, at least 33% of Dash's masternodes would have to vote, with a majority of them voting yes. The proposal did indeed pass within 24 hours, with the current status of 2,163 yes votes and 4 no votes. The decentralized governance process in Dash is used for making more than just development decisions as well. It's also used to decide whether any new coins should be created per block to pay for development and or marketing. Anyone can submit a budget proposal to Dash's masternodes to get funding for any kind of Dash-related project. And when I say anyone, I mean anyone. I did it once. That's how the Daily Decrypt got sponsorship by Dash a few episodes back. It costs 5 Dash to submit a proposal and those coins are then burned, or taken out of circulation entirely. Will other coins incorporate a second-tier governance model? Or will another development team create an even more effective form of governance? As always, time will tell. Today's episode has been brought to you by The Merkle, a source of global cryptocurrency news which has also proven to be on the ball with timely scam alerts. In addition to fintech happenings around the world, you'll also find interviews, tutorials, and cryptocurrency charts. Check it out for yourself at themerkle.com. That's all folks. Have a good day.


I want to reach up your arse and it's like I have a puppet and the fans will love it.    It's a compliment one mate. Yeah. Don't take it as such. Yeah, he said that was an insult. Patiently fluffed. Face that you think you've got. Cos I spit true rhymes. No you didn't. Come through with two lines. I would show you public displays of affection in Dubai. Your clothes are great Adam please. Did you take your inspiration from Ocean Spray Crampere? Yes I did. I'm glad that you noticed. And that you actually know this. But I want to get back to this man who's rapping his popo. His rap is the dopest.  And you know what? If we got a family photo it still wouldn't display your poor traits. I really like the way that when you go to a restaurant you order sore bae.   Your face. Our finger man. It's not a matter of if it's when.  Your testicles are huge.   Yeah and I would tickle your gooch. And I would if your finger were new. And I don't just mean that lyrical too. I mean physical.  Why? Shit.  It don't matter it's no bother.  Because I've been stuck in it for ages. And you know what? You have great tits. And I just... It's getting uncomfortable. Because the way I feel about you is just display. Such greatness. It makes me just want to tickle your face. I just want to... Yeah. I want to tickle your chest hair. Every time you speak it's something great.   I love it because you're wearing it.  The bananas make me think of you in such a way. It's kind of making my stomach ache. You know I just want to make you a lovely cake. Reverse the rolls. We should have done this ages ago. We're on borrowed time. If you don't have a banana you can borrow mine. You can feel it. If you want to hide it, conceal it. It's real big. It's a peelis. It's a peelis. Literally it is.  Let you tickle the bits in between the bit of the lips. My tongue. You can have that. That ain't even what I'm mad at. That ain't even what I'm mad at. I'm gonna, when it comes to gay stuff, I'm gonna prove I'm a better man. Because you know what, I won't even want to get rid of you. Bro, I'll let you get rid of me. I'm syphilis. Everything. Donorrhea. The lot. If it means that it's touch, your cock. Do you know why?   And you feel beautiful. You touch my thighs and collect my cubicles. I'll shag you in that cubicle. Yeah. Why not? That's it, man.