a we have quite a lengthy tidal so apologies for that, we tried to make it a bit snappier, but there is nothing we could do. Good morning everybody and we are delighted to be here representing the Shannon Consortium, to talk about our proposal around the professional and development capacity building in the Shannon Consortium through enhancing teaching and learning through a regional Acredited Programme So to give you a little bit of context, we're working at the Shannon Consortium and it was established 10 years ago, we're delighted to celebrate it this year, We'll have loads of bells and whistles later on in the year to celebrate it. But it's been quite, on the series note, it's been a quite successful cluster that we established ten years ago. So we have the University of Limerick, we have Merriam-Acula College and the University of Limerick Institute of Technology, all coming within the same higher education context but within a different individual context and how they're operating. So interdisciplinary within the University of Limerick, Merriam-Acula College very strong on teacher education and the arts and the Limerick Institute of Technology again, multi-disciplinary but again very practicum and industry focused. So these three contexts have worked really successfully over the last decade on an initial project which was enhancing teaching excellence within the region, the Midwest region of Ireland. And I'm delighted to say that that project has become sustainable over the last number of years and so far as we have regional CPD events, we have conversations in the consortium which are regular conversations in each of the institutions which we all attend. We have regional teaching excellence awards within the three institutions evaluated by an international panel. And then we have three different projects that have been successful within the national forum funding phases. So take one step which some of you might be familiar with. We have the research expertise exchange and we have the most recent one which is the first year transition MOOC project. So we're quite delighted to work together in this collaboration and we see this opportunity, this proposal for funding and as an opportunity to take our collaboration to the next step. To the next step of CPD which is much more structured in a way that all of our staff and our colleagues can benefit through CPD. So let's move on to what we're actually going to do. Can I ask you to stay behind the line? Oh sorry, apologies. I tend to walk, sorry. So the aim of our project then is, as I said, to align and enhance a recently developed graduate diploma masters in teaching, learning and scholarship, which the University of Limerick has recently rolled out to the needs of three partner institutions within the consortium. So what we have is a programme that we have had a level nine postgraduate diploma in the last seven years in the University of Limerick which we have completely revamped and redesigned in light of the higher education context and also in light of the needs of the students within, the students who are obviously our faculty within the university. But this opportunity has arisen where we can really align it really strongly to the PDF framework and also to the needs of the three partner institutions to have a very structured approach to CPD within the Shannon Consortium and within the three institutions. So you've probably been looking at this for the last day and a half so you'll know it has to be better than anybody. But here we have our professional development framework which we have been cognisant of in the initial design of the programme. But at this point what we're hoping to do and what we're aiming to do is take each of these domains to a much deeper level than maybe we have already. So for example professional identity values and development, professional communication and dialogue and the self, they have been very much contained in our initial draft of the programme and redesign of the programme that's running out this year. Needless to say knowledge and skills are part of that as is professional and personal capacity. Yet what we really want to focus on is within the dynamic nature of higher education we want to look at additional themes that can be brought in to the module offerings that are offered already and also we want to look at the professional and personal capacity. And how we plan to do this is through first of all the module offerings we've identified within our dialogue in the institutions, but also through the assessment models that we would use and through the development of e-portfolios, which would bring in all of the values of the CPD framework, all of the types of learners within the CPD framework, but also the domains and it would allow for a very cyclical reflective process of assessment where everything is aligned in this e-portfolio. The RPL guidelines that we talk about is something that we find very complex. It's been very complex for most of us working in higher education and working in projects that are directed for CPD for faculty insofar as you have a programme where there are basic entry requirements to the programme. Yet you have very different levels of academic staff on that programme and that gives rise to a certain amount of complexity around, you might have a professor, we've had a situation where we have a professor with a huge amount of industry experience sitting on a programme with early academics. And how do you harness that and how do you ensure that the RPL that's in the room is harnessed in a way where there is co-creation of knowledge and that you can do that in a much more transparent and standardised way across the programme. We've recently engaged with the RPL network, which had an event there in Limerick in September. A number of us attended that and it was just so gratifying to see that it's not just us struggling with the RPL. It's actually quite a common problem across the context in further and higher education. So that's something that we really want to grapple with more and possibly solve a bit of the mystery and develop guidelines around RPL for entry to the programme, but also in relation to developing the programme further. The innovative and pedagogy and assessment that we talk about, yes, of course, the e-portfolio will be structured to that, but also within that regard, the pedagogy that we want to use and that we want to incorporate is, yes, innovative. We will have interaction. It will be very much workshop-based, where it's discussion-based, rather than a lot of lecturing and scaffolding of material. We look at problem-based learning. We have obviously the technology, enhanced learning and the use of the VLEs within each of the institutions. So, again, trying to align the provision across the three institutions using different VLE systems and provisions is maybe quite a challenge. So, just to clarify exactly what all of that looks like, the University of Limerick programme exists in its first iteration this year. So, we want to make that consortium level programme open to everyone in the consortium and accredited by all. The collaborative planning would take place, as it has done in the last number of years as a consortium, and we would start with the stakeholder needs analysis across and scope out the project. What are we looking at? What do we need to do? What are the needs out there of the faculty, i.e. students that we're going to have on board on the project? And again, taking into account the various contexts that the institutions are operating in. From that then, we would start to engage with the recognised prior learning guidelines. What do we need to really scope out? What has been the previous experience of students on these types of programmes? And we have data from students for the last number of years on the original specialist diploma, where we have looked at what the considerations are in relation to using that knowledge and how to harness it. In so doing then, developing the provision across the three institutions is the main piece of work, is to be able to do both around ensuring that scheduling, the logistics, the curriculum design, and curriculum planning across the project. Never mind the delivery and how that might work. Use of technology-enhanced learning and the alignment of the VLEs across the consortium, and then the e-portfolio development scoping out what type of system we might use there in order to really maximise what we're looking at. The module development, I'm putting up, there are three themes there. They've come very much from strategic plans from national strategic documents and requirements. So that takes us to how we will actually go about it, and we've looked at this as far as we can at this point in relation to the consultation phase, the delivery and design, and the evaluation and sustainability. So to reiterate, our needs analysis would happen at the very outset. The collaboration would be right through the project, and that speaks for itself, but the needs analysis and the scoping provision would initially happen in the first six months to get an initial feel for what's happening and what's required. Again, we would engage with various stakeholder groups within the different institutions. So we're talking about management, staff, students, student unions, and various networks that would be involved there. The development of guidelines for the recognition of prior learning again would happen at that stage, but I think it may happen for a lot longer as well. It may not be the explicit agenda, but I think it's going to come through the whole timeline. Technology-enhanced learning and VLE alignment again will come near the end while there would be scoping initially around that. The development and alignment of the current programme to the national development framework is the key aim of the project to make sure that we are linking in with the values, the types of learners and the domains of the CPD framework, and then the portfolio development, how that might operate in reality alongside the VLEs. The module development and design would go right through from the very beginning to the end of the project, and then evaluation and sustainability is something that we'd be cognizant of and working through from the beginning to the end of the project. Again, in line with how we've worked on projects to date. So the key outcomes of the project then can be looked at from both the very macro level and the more micro institutional level. So we have our main initial aim would be, again, there is a bit of complexity around the students and faculty here can be one and the same person. So just to bear that in mind in case I'm causing confusion. So we have building capacity across Shannon consortium in teaching and learning. We've done a really good job, if I may say so ourselves at this point, around building that capacity and really getting the dialogue started in teaching and learning and class institutional dialogue. But this would be a much more formal identification of that where people would have a very clear idea of where they can go and how they might go about developing themselves through an awareness of a national development framework. And using the labels and the domains of the framework in any advertisement of workshop in the design and development of any workshops across the consortium in addition to that. The economies of scale and shared services, of course, would be a huge issue and a huge benefit to this particular project through the structured nature of the CPD. From the other side of it then we have the shared experience through recognised prior learning and how we will all benefit from that and really try and get through that grappling stage recognised prior learning. How can we engage with the students that are on this programme? How do they want to engage with it? And what kinds of level of experience are we taking on board? At present we have very vague, I don't know that I call it a policy, guidelines around RPL and there is a lot of discretion there. So, you know, how do you map it? So we go with our gut reaction, which is we map it to learning outcomes from previous modules, which isn't necessarily taking an experience at all and that can be a huge problem. And that's something that personally I'm grappling with and I know that I'm dealing with outside who are industry based. New content and approaches because again we have Institute of Technology has a very different culture to Mary Immaculate College, to the University of Lyric and how we can bring all of those different voices to be heard in the different strategies and I think it's a really exciting opportunity for us to do that. We've been lucky so far as we have had engagement with each other and we've co-delivered on an awful lot of workshops and so on and it's a really good opportunity for us as a project team to share that learning. Engagement with the national framework throughout the whole project and again that awareness, increasing the awareness with the faculty on the ground and what is the CPD framework, what can it do for you, how can you benefit and where do you fall at the moment, how can you self-evaluate where you are. And then the overall crux of it then, the inter-institutional collaboration, cross-campus engagement, cross-campus delivery and everything that goes around the logistics of it but also the outcomes and the benefits for the faculty. Perfect. Evaluation of impact then we were looking at Stoffelbeam as our key guideline and model for this and again we can go through that in terms of our considerations. The panel feedback that we received was very much to look at really thinking through the evidence around how we might identify the impact and things through. So we've looked and used Stoffelbeam to kind of think about that and again they're the sources of information that we might use. But initial considerations coming from the document from the forum that we received two weeks ago really impact reaching awareness, dialogue and discourse and learning practices. Again a lot of self-reported improvements here, collaborative presentation at all the networks that we're involved in, we're all involved in RPL network, Eden network, CD network and INU and so on and engaging at that level. But at a deeper level then the idea of access and flexibility for the learners and the learning that happens in the consortium ensuring that there are flexible and accessible pathways for people to engage in CPD, establish effective and efficient institutional structures for curriculum design, for scheduling, for approval of programmes, for planning and again innovation and pedagogy across the Shannon consortium and improving the awareness and sustainability of those. Moving from maybe a very insular practice so an attitudinal change from insular practice to regional wide collaboration so it's not just you're working alone in a bubble on your module or your project but you're actually working across three institutions and developing a contributing to policy in that regard and then ensuring that we have a very collaborative framework which is continuing to grow all of the time and this is an opportunity for us to really pin our colours to the post around CPD and make it a very formal structured way that people can engage with it across the consortium in a way that benefits them in a very authentic way where the assessment is a very critical and a reflective mode of assessment and allows them to align to their daily progression and development and at that point I think my time is up so thank you very much for your time.


back in california flew in two nights ago three nights ago woke up and the jet lag didn't set in so i ran to the gym the next morning squatted 405 for five for a comeback br couldn't really deadlift i really i have clammy hands there's my confession of the day i have really clammy hands i don't know why they're extra clammy so i could i pulled 450 or 465 for like three singles because i couldn't hold on to the bar at the other gym did absolutely nothing yesterday supposed to have a skype meeting got canceled regular email stuff still really tired and really cold it was like 75 degrees yesterday i still wore a beanie for some reason i think new york's inside of me now so we're gonna bench overhead chin lunge salt assault bike and then i got a fucking flat tire so i'm gonna go fix that oi check out mama's boys we have brad shown fell the king of bodybuilding science on in a couple of weeks what seems to be the main driver of hypertrophy is volume so how many sets how many reps with how much weight on a muscle part progressively overloading over time power lifting i guess there's kind of three main drivers volume skill acquisition or skill itself the efficiency of how well you move the barbell on a squat bench dead or or any movement overhead whatever even a curl and then like neural efficiency how well your brain can tell your muscles and your fibers to fire and how hard i guess power explosiveness all that so do they go hand in hand yes quite a bit bodybuilding versus power lifting i guess maybe some of the same the most important things for bodybuilders to spread out that volume and spread out how much energy you put into each body part so the exercise variation goes up the exercise variation is more important and not as important perhaps where um you know bodybuilder could easily replace barbell bench with dumbbell bench powerlifter can't really just erase the barbell bench press the exercises there are variations in powerlifting as well but whatever the split may be you need you know 70 and up has to be squat bench dead of some nature maybe even higher percent we're bodybuilding technically you can get away with a lot of different things new study brad show and fell told us about don't quote me but um basically said also that with hypertrophy and muscle building especially in the biceps with this last study he showed that the mind muscle connection that many of people talk about is more important i guess than some of these new age people may think so fueling your bicep thinking about your bicep thinking about the connection and the flex and the bicep the concentration will help it grow over time so mind muscle connection general volume obviously diet and those things for hypertrophy being in a calorie surplus is very important for hypertrophy being in a calorie surplus is important and can help a shit ton with strength so there's a lot a lot a lot more similarities than there are differences rep ranges generally speaking you can gain muscle build sides with lower rep ranges one through five especially if you're getting stronger in those movements and then you know your eight rep 10 rep 12 rep increase again then you can handle more volume at higher loads which benefits both and kind of backwards for power lifting where you know if you build a base of strength and muscle at tens and eight then hopefully with proper programming and peaking then you can use that muscle more efficiently and produce a higher one rep max so similar it's kind of how you skin the cat i guess how much is that 65 165 175 somewhere in there not that strong something not that good something that i'm mad guilty of is neglecting or forgetting or throwing to the side things uh that got me to where i am example doing a lot of unilateral work you know bulgarian split squats lunges things of that nature in the process of rehabbing my back are they what helped or fixed my back i don't know i think they definitely helped or was just taking time off what fixed my back who's to say but as soon as like now starting to feel good i have to make sure that i don't totally throw them away so squatting twice a week i'm gonna start deadlifting twice a week um one off the ground and one up blocks but what i'm gonna try to do on this third day today is mostly an upper body day i'm gonna try to do some lunges just to kind of keep that unilateral uh balance going stretches my hip a little bit as well as obviously works one leg at a time so we'll go chin ups set a 10 to 15 lunges down and back no weight almost use them more as like a recovery day or recovery workout a little bit of arms even the assault bike although i don't want to just be able to push and like move like a normal athlete i think can help keep my back loose so there's that don't stop don't forget we'll got you where you are put that in your pipe and smoke it this person asks on your instagram what are your thoughts on touch and go do this so i'm a big fan of i guess always knowing what your goal is and building the best path there if your goal is powerlifting or even one right max strength i think that we need to most emulate that even when we're doing reps this is very common in the squat also where people kind of do constant tension not locking anything out not breathing correctly similar to a touch and go where i think the benefits of time under tension don't even come to close to outweighing the benefits of doing cleaner reps time under tension has some merits some people do believe that it can help you build more muscle but i think that progressively overloading with your volume proper technique being more efficient in that movement over time will allow you to handle more weight and more reps so that it kind of flips that scale so i suggest in the squat if you're doing a set of eight in your head you should be thinking about it as eight perfect singles in a row if you're deadlifting i've done it many a video on here probably three by now kind of the ed cone style deadlift or in in some cases it'll depend on the athlete and how maybe inefficient they are at a setup or being consistent will literally do full resets where they'll pull they'll let it down take two steps back two steps up and they'll repeat this with a set of five or eight now that may be a little extreme for most but some people that can't get the sensation or need more practice of getting the sensation of a one rep they're starting position issue a touch and go one even if you're really really careful you're going to end up bouncing you're going to get some momentum of those plates hitting the ground and coming up you're going to lose strength in that bottom end to your form is not going to be the same on a deadlift squat and bench we want to be as consistent as we as we can taking away all external factors so we can control those variables especially on the squat and bench the barbell should almost almost because the bench is a little bit different but almost look the exact same going down as it does up and then in the deadlift obviously we want every single rep to look the exact same and if you're touching going you know anything that I've pulled should 90 90 to 98 percent I could probably do for a double touch and go so does that help thanks I'm going to breath one more set arms elliptical burrito fix my tire find a couch do some emails go to bed see you guys Saturday ladies and gentlemen mama's boys podcast two episodes a week Tuesday and friday itunes stitcher most boys podcast.com twitch you want to come hang out live we're doing it almost every night probably trying to do mondays through thursdays around five p.m pacific time all that link in the bio decent upper body day benches grinding and grooving lower body day saturday catch you guys in the next video smash the thumbs up you know you know the drill see you next time


I'm just seeing what will happen when we ship in Canada and all the cold places if it's left outside or anything So this is some testing Okay, so I had the resin and hardener in our freezer for over 24 hours. Here they are resin and hardener Resin it still looks clear But it's like really thick honey and the hardener is the same. It's not quite as hard They both didn't get hard like water though I'm just gonna let these sit right here and let them naturally um defaw I guess And then I'll mix it and see if we still have a good product. Okay, Canada test continues So it's been only about 20 minutes now It came back and looked and this material is already quite runny So I could probably mix it right now But resin is easiest to work with when it's warm. It still stays perfectly clear I'll still mix it to make sure it cures properly, but we should be okay in Canada Okay, so this is about one hour after I took it out of the freezer I'm just leaving it at room temperature resin so it's perfectly clear It's just a lot thicker and then the hardener is thinner than the resin and how clear it is We're good. All right, I'll stir this up and show you Perfect you see how that cures, but there's no bubbles and it's perfectly clear So it's been about a week since I did this the art resin has no bubbles in it This is acrylic paint and some ink and it's raw card. There's no bubbles So that's the results then if you freeze art resin the resin and the hardener are unmixed And then let it thaw through the temperature that you can still use it And there doesn't seem to be any effect on the chemical reaction. It seems to turn out fine. So there you go. Now we know It's good to know that when the resin gets really cold, it doesn't ruin it. So Canada, we're okay


Moving on to our next category, which is continuous campaign Metro This was also for beyond the Metro's like our jury chairperson Mentioned that we introduced three new subcategories that reached out specifically to be on Metro One of them was this but this time we're recognizing continuous campaign Metro only for this category and to do the honors May I invite on stage Mr. Udit Patak and Pooja Patak founder and co-founder of Media Mantra request Pooja and Udit To please come up on stage and while they're joining me may our request to find out who the shortlisted nominees are The outreach campaign is just over a period of time the category of continuous campaign in Metro saw some impressive projects Which basically demonstrated a solid marriage between a long vision and you're on your execution I wish all the entries the very best bronze trophy being given away in this category that much I can tell you let's find out who the silver medal winner is future Congratulations, let's find out who the gold trophy winner


The cheapest way to get our B12 is probably one 2,500 micrograms sublingual, chewable, or liquid supplement of cyanocobalamin once a week. This stuff is dirt cheap. You can find a 20-year supply online for 40 bucks. All the B12 our body needs for $2 a year. Of course, this stuff doesn't last 20 years. There's a four-year expiration date, so share it with some friends. For those mathematically minded who are thinking, wait a second. If you only need 4 to 7 micrograms a day, why do you have to take 2,500 a week? Well, it's a little complicated, but let's do it. Our B12 receptors become saturated at as little as 1.5. So we can only absorb 1.5 at a time through our receptor system. But about 1% of the rest passively diffuses right through our gut into our bloodstream. So for those of you into this kind of thing, let's do the math. When we take a 2,500 microgram dose, we absorb 1.5 through our receptor system, and then 1% of the 2,498.5 that's left. So inside our body we now have 1.5, plus that 1% comes out to be about 26.5. You do that once a week, and that averages to about 4 micrograms a day. So we should take at least 2,500 micrograms once a week. We could take 3,000 a week, 5,000. If you take too much, all you get is expensive P, and at a couple bucks a year, it's not even that expensive. Even though it is a water-soluble vitamin, we don't have to take it every day because throughout our evolution our bodies were so used to getting such tiny amounts, you know, maybe some woolly mammoth pooped-up stream or something, that our body devised an ingenious way to hold on to it. So that's why we can do this kind of averaging over time.


Hello again, I am Sohan Soanna and in this video we are going to talk about the aerodynamics of airship. So, we are going to talk about how do we estimate the drag of an airship, we are going to talk about the aerodynamic stability of an airship and we are going to talk about this very peculiar effect that we only consider in buoyant vehicles that is the added mass effects. So, let us start. So, as I mentioned earlier in the previous talk about on the dynamics of airship, I had mentioned that the dynamics of airship are primarily derived from the submarines because they are buoyant vehicles as well and a lot of hydrodynamics is hydrodynamics of submarine is similar to the aerodynamics of airships. Now, in case of aerodynamics, we also consider a little bit about little bit of missile aerodynamics here. Now, it may sound off because missiles are very high speed vehicles as compared to airships. But the reason why we have also considered missiles is because of the tail part. Now, submarines do not have a tail which is as similar to that of an airship, but missiles do. So, that is the reason why some of the aerodynamics bit have been adapted from missile in addition to that of a submarine. Now, let us when we talk about aerodynamics, typically we have aerodynamic coefficients. So, these would be lift coefficient which is Cl equal to lift over half rho V square A where rho is the density of the fluid or air. In our case, V is the velocity at which the aircraft or the airship is flying and A is the reference area. Now, CD is drag over half rho V square A similar to what we have for lift. And then we also have moment coefficient of moment. Now, we have three kinds are basically rolling pitching and yawing moments. So, that would be half rho V square A into L. Now, in addition to the reference area A, we also have the reference length L. Now, that depends on the moment that we are considering. Now, I have a very, very basic equation here. Now, what exactly does A mean? Now, A we call this as a reference area and typically it is a function of the lift generating component. Now, let us look at this issue of reference areas here. Now, in a conventional airplane, the lift generating component is the wing and the therefore the relevant area or the reference area for aerodynamic coefficients would be the wing platform area. So, that is why that is the reason why we consider the platform area for a conventional airplane. Now, in case of airships, the lift generating component is the envelope. So, envelope does not have any area. So, of course, we have the surface area of the envelope, but that does not actually capture the total lift generated by the airship. Now, what is the lift is a function or the aerostatic lift of the airship is the function of the envelope volume. Now, that is why considering envelope volume as a reference would be a much better solution rather than considering the surface area of the airship. But volume is not exactly an area. So, how do we get a reference area from envelope volume? So, what we do is we take this trick. We define this term called volumetric area or the volumetric reference area, which is basically the envelope volume raised to the power 2 by 3. So, volume has the dimensions of meter cube, whereas volume to the power 2 by 3 has the dimensions of the area that is meter squared. So, that is how we are going to define the volumetric area and it makes total sense because it is the envelope volume that generates the lift in the case of airships. Now, there is a empirical relation which could be used. Now, this is required because some of the reports on aerodynamics of airship use surface area as the reference area. However, most conventional reports of most the followed convention is to use the volume over 2 by 3 as the reference area. Now, that is why caution has to be exercised whenever some wind tunnel or aerodynamic data is to be studied. And this is that relation which would convert the aerodynamic coefficient of volumetric drag to coefficient of area based drag. So, this is what that empirical relation looks like. And this empirical relation was tested on, was based on R-101 airship and it has also been verified on skyship 500 and the error percentage that we get is about 0.8. Now, this is a very decent approximation that we can have when we have to compare or when we have to transfer the area based coefficient of drag to the volumetric drag coefficient. Now, in this case volume here is wall VOL, surface area is SA and L by D is something called as the fineness ratio or the length of the airship divided by the maximum diameter of the envelope. So, that is L by D here. Now, let us start with the drag estimation. Now, given an airship envelope with certain components attached to it, how exactly would we estimate the drag? Now, before we come into drag estimation, I want to pose a question. Now, why are airships not spherical? Because spherical airships would give us a lot of advantages. However, it is very unlikely to see a spherical airship. Now, what are the benefits of spherical airship? Basically, when we have a sphere, the total weight of the airship would also go down because the envelope weight is proportional to the envelope surface area. We would also have lower skin friction drag because skin friction drag is also a proportional to the envelope surface area. Now, what exactly is skin friction drag? Now, that is because of the shear stress between the liquid layers. So, there would be this boundary layer formed on the surface of the airship or an object which is in fluid flow. And by virtue of it, we have surface friction. Now, both of this for skin friction drag and for the envelope weight, sphere is a better option because it gives the maximum volume for the lowest value of surface area. So, basically, sphere has a minimum surface area for a given volume. So, it would be better to reduce the envelope weight and also the skin friction drag if we consider a sphere. Also, it is omnidirectional. Now, what I mean by omnidirectional is that the aerodynamic behavior of a sphere is same in all directions because it is symmetric about all the axis, all the axis you can possibly think of which is centered at the center of the sphere. Also, there are certain structural advantages for a sphere. For example, there would be uniform internal pressure. If the envelope is not uniform, then there would be different internal pressures inside the envelope. And another one is that there is no room for kinking. Now, what is kinking? Let us consider an airship in which the internal pressure has dropped, maybe because of gas leakage. So, there is less gas to maintain the shape of the airship. Now, the tendency of the lifting gas is to always go upward. Now, because it is such a elongated airship envelope in a conventional case, what we have is the normally lifting gases would collect in two tips of the envelope, which is the nose part and the tail part. And because of that, we will have two different center of volumes for these two parts of gas because they are separated because of less internal pressure. And that is why what we have is this internal kinking because we have two upward forces and because of that we have this kind of kinking. And this particular phenomenon wherein you have two different center of volumes and two different separate gas bodies acting together, lifting gases being acting together, we have this kink. And this will not happen in case of a spear. Now, in spite of all that, whenever we typically look for an airship, what we see is a conventional, a streamlined shape for an airship which is like this, like a rugby ball. Now, why is that? Now, let us look at the flow of the air around a spear. Now, this is what we would expect to see a laminar flow which is totally attached to the surface and there is basically such a nice flow around it. Unfortunately, in the real world, this does not happen. What happens is that there would be a flow separation. And because of this flow separation, there would be eddies or recirculation in the wake of the airship. So, here we see that there is this recirculation in the flow and these are basically eddies and this is also where the flow separation happens. Now, because of this, we have something called as form drag. Now, form drag is because of the shape of the object. Now, here in this case, we have a spear and the spear would have a lot of eddies or recirculation area at the wake of the flow. It is also a function of the projected frontal area. So, in this case, we for a given volume, we have this frontal area and it is directly proportional, the form drag is directly proportional to the projected frontal area and that is why we have a heavier, we have, we see that the form drag is higher for a spear. Now, let us say for the given volume, what we are going to do is elongate this structure. So, basically, we are just pulling the structure along one axis and what we see is the recirculation area or the flow separation is delayed and that is why we have lesser eddies and therefore, the form drag reduces. When we further elongate or this process is called streamlining, so what we basically get is lesser and lesser area of recirculation or eddies and therefore, lower drag. So, what we have done here basically is that we have found out a way to minimize the drag, but at the same time, we are making the airship go only in one direction or this shape will have minimum drag only in this particular direction. Now, we cannot travel in any other directions and that is why the conventional airships that we see are shaped like this in the streamline envelope shape and they are unidirectional. So, this is the reason why airships are shaped the way they are. Now, let us look at the total drag of the hull of the airship. Now, what are the components as we talked about? So, the first component would be the skin friction drag. Now, this is a function of the total surface area. The second one is the form drag. Now, this is a function of the shape of the envelope and the total drag would be the sum of these two skin friction drag plus the form drag. So, the fineness ratio is again as I defined in the previous lecture is the ratio between the length of the airship and the maximum diameter of the envelope. So, L by D here represents the fineness ratio. Now, the reason why I have defined this is because we are going to require it in the estimation of drag. Now, the skin friction drag to total drag ratio is given by this particular empirical relation, which is about 0.6 over L by D. Now, this is the contribution of the skin friction drag. So, basically if we multiply 0.6 over L by D into total drag, what we get is the skin friction drag and the form drag would be the contribution of form drag would be 1 minus 0.6 over L by D. So, using these two relations, we would be able to calculate what would be the skin friction drag component of the total drag and what would be the form drag component of the total drag. Now, we have still not talked about how do we exactly estimate the total drag of the airship. So, let us talk about the hull drag. So, it is basically the total drag that is going to act on the airship. As I mentioned, we have streamlined the hull now and in a typical airship, it contributes about 50% of the total drag. So, if we have a airship which has a CD or the drag of let us say 1 Newton, then in that case 0.5 Newton would be coming from the hull of the airship. And we can estimate the hull drag using Horner's method. He has given a empirical relation in 1958 and it would give us the axial volumetric drag coefficient. So, remember this is the axial volumetric drag coefficient. So, the reference area for drag calculation would be volume to the power 2 by 3. Now that in this particular equation, the drag coefficient is a function of Reynolds number which is dependent on the density of air or the density of the fluid, the characteristic length of the airship which is typically the length of the airship and also the velocity of the flow. And also we have the kinematic viscosity. And then it is also a function of fineness ratio which is length of the airship of a maximum diameter of the envelope and this is that relation. So, it is a function of L over D, that is the fineness ratio and the Reynolds number Re. So, this is what the equation looks like and now this is based on experimental data and this equation kind of gives us a very good relation or very good estimate for the volumetric drag coefficient. Now let us look at how it looks when we plot it against the fineness ratio. Now the different colored lines here represents the flow at the axial drag coefficient at different Reynolds number and this is what we see. Now what we see here is about 3.5, the fineness ratio about 3.5, the axial drag coefficient more or less remains constant. However, the minimum occurs at this point which is L by D of 4.65 that is when the fineness ratio is 4.65 we get the lowest drag coefficient for all Reynolds number. Now there are drag components of other components as well. So, what are the other components? So, we have the fins typically we have symmetric airfoils for because their function is to dampen the oscillations and also give some level of stability to the airship. Then we have the gondola. Now we approximate this as a box in a flow field. So, we basically assume that it is a box which is kept in a flow field and then we have propulsion units. Now this depends on the way we aerodynamically model this depends on the kind of propellers we are going to use the kind of propulsion units we are going to use and then there are these mooring mass protrusions which is at the tip of the nose of the airship. Now this is a table of drag component wise drag breakdown and this is taken from airship technology by G.A. Kauri and here we see that the barrel contribution is about nearly 50% for each of these airships. Although in the USS Macon it is a little on the higher side it is typically okay to assume that it is about 50% of the total airship drag. Now let us do a small calculation to estimate the drag of an airship which has a volume of 1000 meter cube and a fineness ratio of 4. It operates at a Reynolds number of 10 to the power 8. Now the question is to estimate the drag coefficient of skin friction and from drag on the barrel and also to estimate the drag coefficient of the airship. Now let us see how we can do this. Now the first thing we are going to do is we are going to use the hull drag we are going to estimate the hull drag using Horner's method. Now for a fineness ratio of 4 we get using this equation or even by using this graph what we get at this Reynolds number is about the drag coefficient volumetric drag coefficient about 0.02 approximate value. Now further what we can do is now we have the drag coefficient of the hull. Now the skin friction drag we already have a equation for that. So basically when we do this what we get is 15% for a L by D of 4 and the skin friction drag can be calculated using because we know the CD hull so that becomes the total drag.  So that gives us a number of 0.017. Now we have estimated we have done the first part of the problem which is volumetric coefficient of the skin friction and form drag on the bare hull. Now how do we calculate the total drag of the airship? It is basically twice the value of the bare hull that is 2 times CD hull would give us the total drag coefficient of the airship. Now this is how we calculate the drag coefficient. Now the question was to find the drag force on the airship then we would require the density of the flow because the formula for drag is 0.5 rho V square. So if we go back to the first slide that we have so here it is. So here we have drag equal to 0.5 rho V square A into CD would be equal to drag. So if the question is to find the drag then we would need the velocity of the flow and also the density of the flow. The volume is already given so the reference area would be volume to the power 2 by 3. In the next session we will talk about the aerodynamic stability of airships.


ailable on the uh on the computer here so uh as um Jesse was saying here uh tonight this is uh really intended in part to be a uh discussion item for yourselves of whatever you'd like to discuss we're also um happy to go through just very quickly the legal review um would you like us to start there um we should be able to do it very quickly yes I would I'm going to bring it up the screen do you want to sort of walk the show then okay we need to give you sharing permission no I'm just having my computer's uh been a busy day for it do you want us to follow Connor yes I'm also I'm just it's just people awesome thank you and good evening I we we uh as the as your city's legal team wanted to take a look at uh what was being posed and really just make sure that there was any um big alarm bells that were raised for us and reviewing through it and make sure the language was consistent uh references were accurate um that's the language was um cross referenced appropriately uh and you know made sense according to what the intent is we understood it uh so we we did an entire kind of read through of of this and uh it was it was very well done and you know those very little uh changes that needed to be made but there but there were some um and for the they're all minor uh and we highlighted uh two here in our memo one is that for uh conservation PUDs there's a uh there's an instance where for an elective PUD uh so if you if you're going to do a conservation PUD it has to have to have a lot of land that's over four acres uh you can do an elective PUD if you have 50% hazards uh if your if your land is essentially undevelopable for 50% of it um and the standards were a little unclear as to whether um you were able to do that you'd use the conservation PUD in instances where you had uh four acres uh under four acres or over two acres so it's a little bit inconsistent in reviewing it uh we found that the language was most consistent that it required under four acres but over two acres uh so we wanted to clear that language up and you said require but it's elective elective yeah and then there was another instance that uh that paul wanted to incorporate as well yeah the the other one was just that uh with all the various different versions of things the uh what was provided to the council on november 8th was a slightly outdated version of the building types from what the commission had seen and had approved so there's no actual change to you the document looks different but what was in fact given to you is a uh was was a older version just going through the work there those are the two main ones as um colon and uh jesse indicated uh there's a number of just little things um due to the overall timeframe the we knew going in that the legal review was going to lag a little bit um we prioritized making sure that it got to council at a timely manner so it's a lot of things like uh cross mostly cross references making sure that maps are labeled correctly um making sure that uh the areas have the correct titles to them um uh what else are there spelling there's spelling errors uh there's some language in there that just you required some clarification just could use a little bit better wording uh and we did that um and you know rather than walk through it in our in our memo to you we provided uh a step by step kind of bullet point of all the minor changes that we have made they're all indicated in the in the land development regulations you know just for uh you know reference to start off in article two section 202 we've moved to definition uh because the section which it referred to has been deleted in the revised regulation so um and then another one is you know updated cross references with civic space definitions and ro w after first use of the term right away um corrected section numbering as you go down the list it's the barely minor but our thinking really was that uh they are all minor um but cumulatively there's you know there's about three pages here of potential changes so cumulatively it may be viewed as you know maybe something that should be considered for a for a public hearing just to make sure that someone can read it and see them all just so other people can decide you know whether they want to speak to it uh so we suggest uh you know having a another public hearing on this and that's in our memo we refer to the 18th that would allow us a sufficient time to to post it in the other paper and have you have 15 days to to warn the hearing would the public hearing be um limited the second public hearing to just these changes or is it just a second public hearing on the package of ldrs with all of these little twists and and then the real substance i think it would be rid it's a it's a final hearing uh so i think it'd be really difficult to limit it to just these changes okay so it'd be the whole thing okay i just think that the public meets that clarified too so we'll get two bites at the apple i mean before us they've had a bushel already you're proposing that the second city council meeting in january to have a second public hearing is that what you said yeah that's correct it's technically the third city council meeting because we have oh i'm sorry i didn't look at the schedule third the tenth okay yeah okay your mondays are spoken for generally speaking in january and technically the 18th is a tuesday exactly that's right okay yeah okay can i ask does that make the this um once this is warned for the 18th that makes this upgraded version the one that is in effect as the draft that is correct yes as an actor tonight or once it's warned for the 18th that's correct good point so my other question i have two more questions so this legal review was planned in advance yes to be done through the whole document right and and you and amanda did this together okay so it was totally internally generated as part of a review so there was no external impetus for this just internal only okay it was internal only i think most most times uh when uh obviously i'm newer here but uh most times when you're going to have a rewrite or a large scale amendment it's going to be reviewed by by your city attorney's office sure uh and the same thing happened here so it wasn't driven by anything but in particular it was driven by the to follow our normal practice the typically uh councilor barrett typically that happens during the uh period after the when the planning commission is warned its hearing and before it holds its hearing frankly the volume of these amendments made it so that that was just not viable and then of course you know the commission wanted to get it to you in this time so that's why you're seeing the legal review but the practice of an internally generated review of any kind of substantial uh amendments is completely standard practice for this it's just normally you don't see that piece of it and then i'm just one more question sorry so um it was recently reported by bt digger that uh the still reporter group is and other little small papers are having trouble getting newsprint printed in new hampshire so if for some reason the other paper can't print for the next three editions for what it is they can't get it printed is that an issue because there are paper of choice for legal notices so i'm just going to put that out there in case it's probably not going to be a problem because we we got ours on saturday for thursday yeah i know that they're they're publishing date they still consider the date that they put it on okay um and also they'll deliver it to all their usual uh spaces like city hall will get a copy yeah but in terms of the mailing date um they're still figuring out when those will arrive for individuals but um but that should not impact for our purposes so from a legal point of view what what is the requirement to meet the state requirement to warn for a public meeting in the city if we chose the other paper does it it's going online it's not an internet publication no publication date is going on yeah i mean i i don't know if that's ever been tested in this year but um yeah just i just asking is i don't know because i've we haven't had this problem before right yeah i mean at this point as good as we can do i think you don't know okay thank you did you have a question yeah two basic process questions one is uh for the chair of the legal team which is the second the 18th the tuesday the 18th hearing is that public hearing limited to changes of which are taking place now or is it simply it's the whole shoot match no but i mean it's all of the ldr's because these will be incorporated in the ldr's we can't limit is what he said right okay well i should one very minor clarification to that it is all of the ldr amendments oh right it's not all of the ldr's yes just the amendments uh but then the second thing is so say we make changes between the third and the 18th is that is that another hearing do we have to hold it depends uh if by by statute if they're minor uh as long as they're made 14 days prior to the final hearing then no you don't have to have an additional hearing if if they're substantial as the statute says you'd have to have uh you might not you'd have to it's a warrant a final hearing on the changes but in this case wouldn't there not be 14 days between the third and the 18th so if changes were made in that window there would be a third if there was a minor change on the third which i know is just a hearing date but let's say there was a a counselor found a typo on that day that can be incorporated because that's 15 days if on the 10th the committee the council has a discussion that says we'd like to either make minor changes or major changes that would be to an additional public hearing being warranted after that right that's right Tom Tom so the public hearing on the third though really should be a genuine public hearing where we listen to the public and then we possibly might want to make changes uh to these things uh so i personally i think we don't need to warn for the 18th what we can do is have the third and then with that discussion that should generate some conversation among the council and if there are other changes in addition to these these can be disclosed or otherwise publicly available but we have until April 9th to be to to get these into effect so i don't see a reason to warn for January 18th right now instead i think we as a council should have our ears open and listen to what the public have to say on the third and look at that all of these possible amendments uh from not just a legal perspective from a policy perspective and what's right for South Burlington so i for one will will not vote to support uh warning a public hearing for January 18th today because i want to listen to the public on the third and we have until April 9th and so i just don't see any reason to rush through these very important consequential land development regulations i don't think it's rushing through i think it's giving us the flexibility and the warning i mean if there's no reason but there are no changes we don't have to have the second public hearing or do we because of these we have to have that because of these um technical changes or legal changes um so we have to have them i i think what thomas is saying and i tend to agree with him which is yes we do have to have a second public hearing absolutely because these changes we don't have to have it on the 18th however and if we have changes that we want to make after hearing public comment on the third of january it makes sense to hold a public hearing after the 18th so there's time enough to incorporate those changes into the new document well if we don't make any changes then right i i want to make changes well they have to be approved by the council yeah so if we don't get a majority to agree to any changes then we won't need that's true there'd be no reason to put it off to april there'd be every reason to get it done because people have been clamoring and complaining that we've taken so long just for you uh we're going to be clamoring and complaining all sides i suspect maybe maybe we'll be talking here sure so i think so the if you wanted to take action tonight it would be to set a public hearing at some future date in a date in a future you can also hold and not do that until um after the first public hearing but it will still be a requirement either on the third or the 10th or the 18th or into the future um the other thing we wanted to give you time to do tonight was have any discussion you wanted to have about um the amendments as they are proposed or ask us for any additional information or language that you would like to see at a future meeting of course this is a girly opportunity you can do that in the future as well um but just wanted to give you that space and i i have one more thing to share and i i realize that it's 10 o'clock and i'll try not to be too technical with it um counselors always brace yourself guys ask will speak about you know are there any side effects of of going later timeline lines so as you know when the council warned its public hearing the draft regulations took effect the second implication of that is that during this in between period the old the new and the older in effect so it's a little bit of a vortex for applicants in this time period where in order to go all the way through to get a zoning permit to construction they have to comply with everything from the old regulations and everything from the new regulations they can do the drb part of it there's a drb because the drb can look out of the draft rules but we can't issue a zoning permit until both are met so i just wanted to make sure that it was known that that is a um complex area for a period of time for applicants between now and whenever whenever you take the vote to either adopt or reject the regulations so i just wanted to make that as a sort of a known thing around timelines it does have an implication but i don't understand that ball could you comply with both when developing the regulations it's challenging what it's challenging suggests the buffer zones so if you how do you say you can't the old regulations say you can be within a hundred feet the other ones say you can't so in the instance of uh one said to you one said you had to do more than the other in terms of the buffer then if you met the higher standard then you meet it where it gets difficult is one thing says that it has to be green and the other says it has to be blue that is really difficult um so it's just an in-between period once the council takes its action to approve or reject the regulate the draft regulations then it clears up retroactively for everybody that's how that's how it cleans it up but if it goes before the DRB or the DRB looks under the new rules well just the new one right it's the zoning administrator who has to say oh okay oh but you didn't also comply with this other thing it's it's no chassis and if and if the regulations ultimately are not adopted then anybody who is reviewed under the by the DRB under the new ones gets to automatically be re-reviewed for free under the prior ones that's how it all works it's free all right so same as to me we ought to set that a date so we don't make this any more complicated than it needs to be Amanda did you I'm sorry I just wanted to speak up about um that that it's um briefly described at the bottom of the memo that we the three of us provided uh as kind of a cover so right under 24 BSA 44 49 D applications uh before the DRB get reviewed under the proposed amendments and if an application is approved under the proposed amendments it it still can't go forward because the uh we don't know yet what the DRB or excuse me what the city council is is going to do whether those will become law if an application is denied under the proposed bylaws then the applicant can hang in there and wait and find out and if by any chance um the provision or provisions that was the basis for a denial for them they can either ask for um well they can they can ask for another review under whatever was uh goes into effect that maybe that decision would be reversed so that so there is um this 150 days um is impacting uh basically what happens with applications and projects I was also just going to offer that the planning commission has discussed that once it is approved and active uh that we will we haven't officially said we would do a subcommittee but we will be watching very carefully over the next set of just like we have with the form-based code and we will be watching taking feedback um doing what we need to to um monitor any comments or any evolution that we might recommend going forward just like we we have right now harm because there's some corrections that are needed for enhancement that that can improve things so we are committed to monitoring that from the capo Matt you were gonna say something or not no okay Tom so I picking up on where I think Paul said something before Amanda chimed in on that useful point on the 150 days I I've still not seen responses after our last meeting our late executive session where I don't think my mind was functioning too well I did spend the next morning composing some questions that I still have about these I have not seen responses to those so I'm still a no on these land development regulations but I could go through and read those questions now I don't see any value in and so doing I would also just say that Sandy Dooley did compose a note to Paul Connor asking about the conservation PUD and some of the public transit things I have not yet seen a response to that either so I am a no on these land development regulations but as previously stated if majority of council supports them as is I'm sure they will get passed but for me to get to yes I'd like to see answers to those six questions as well as Sandy Dooley's question on conservation PUDs that's not for tonight that's just for the public hearing or for after right we and and the we are looking at those we had to set those aside just for for this meeting because of the review but yes we we will be answering those questions I think what what just is suggesting is that we need to set a hearing date for the 18th in order to have the the legal amendments that we were given today I'll move there I'm not suggesting you set it for the 18th I'm suggesting that you have the option to set it for the 18th you could also set it after the public hearing if if you're going to potentially make changes that night too so it's not to then trigger a third public hearing down the road I'm just I'm suggesting you could take action tonight you don't have to take action tonight I understood if we didn't set a public hearing for these technical I'm going to call them technical legal technical amendments then they would not be in effect for anyone who is interested in pursuing a development and getting a permit or else it'd be very difficult because there'd be two sets of rules so in terms of making this a reasonable process for the best possible process for a developer it seems to me we do need to set a date because once we set that date tonight then these are in effect along with the other um LDR amendments is that accurate that's accurate yes so that being said right I mean we've already the current proposed changes are already in effect right these are just minor tweaks to to fix a bunch of typos and things like that so let's just go ahead and move that so so I won't support that you have a motion I haven't I haven't made yet because I'm waiting to see whether it's something we should do but I think we should spank the motion to go for it I don't mind proving a date it's just not not the 18th what's wrong with the 18th because because I have this list of things that I think I would change if I had a magical one but that's not what he's talking about but but hold on but if we hear testimony on the third I may change those opinions I may have more suggested changes I may be convinced that it was written perfectly and nothing needs to change but on February 3rd if we collectively or majority say no let's make some changes some additions some subtractions we'll need to hold another public hearing but if we schedule it in February we only have to hold one more public hearing we won't have to hold the third public hearing so if you schedule it for February 7th instead of January 18th well these typos will be vested and we'll have time to make changes and not hold a third public hearing well what about January 25th or 24th well that'd be four meetings in January no we don't not have the 18th the Tuesday the 18th that gives us a whole another week yes you make it you know that all the concerns that frankly then I think you get into people running for city council and we haven't passed or adopted or not a set of regulations and it just seems like that generates um unneeded debate over what will happen or what hasn't happened when you can have a conclusion on the 24th which is the day before everyone has to file they don't like that they can fight you know if they want to run against someone who voted for it or against it I mean it just I'm not concerned about the politics I'm concerned about getting this right well I think we'll get it right I mean we've already spent three years getting it right Tom so I just want to echo I'm not concerned about the politics either I just want to get these Landam-Ellen rights uh Landam-Ellen regulations right but two things on the 24th one I think the filing deadline is the 24th so that meeting would be after 5 p.m but also also so that this body hears I am very likely not able to attend that 24th meeting at the steering committee meeting so I'd like to be at it and the 24th is the night that I'm already committed to something else and uh I've been meaning to communicate that to Jesse and to you Helen right to the 18th I know I'll I'll I'll make a motion I'll make a motion that we hold in public hearing on the Landam-Ellen regulations changes on February 7th I can second that motion because you won't support Tom can't make the 24th and you won't support I think this afternoon if I may I just because that gives us time after hearing from the public on the third to meet on the 10th to consider possible all the revisions so I I just like we can all just decide this on the third or the 10th we have the time till April 9th that's what I think makes the most sense rather than pick a date today but that's just where I am let's all go enjoy our holiday break is where I also think you're right now but that's just well we can enjoy it if we get this done we have a motion on the table yeah I I understand the motion but it's like we already have the new LDRs in effect and these are just legal tweaks to make the document correct that's all they are and that's all I believe they are now your feelings about the LDRs go way beyond what the legal changes are most likely right so I would at least like to be able to to give the PNZ staff right in the DRB the assurance that the LDRs that they have in their hands are going to be correct as of the 18th regardless of what or else we do for the changes that have been made they're corrected as soon as we vote and affirmative for my motion yeah you just have to set up all you have to do is vote yes for my motion that tom is seconded I just want to take up the 18th that's all but they take effect as soon as you warn them not on the 18th they do correct if we set a hearing tonight then they go into effect is that right I think they go into effect on the 30th of December 30th when they went but yeah I mean I think regardless of what the actual date is yes it's when they're noticed in the newspaper or however we do right if you if you make additional changes you'd have to warn those as well right that's but you're correct yes you'd have to you have to they go into effect as soon as you want it well I mean I would prefer doing it on the 18th but if we have a two to vote it fails it's true so pardon that's true yes right so I will support that if you're ready for the vote yeah right I don't want to go beyond that because I think we need to get this done I think the plan commission as well as this council have heard a fair amount of discussion in public about these LDRs what people like and what they don't like we will hear it all again on the 3rd probably all again on the 10th and now we're going to hear it all again on the 7th but you want to hear it three more times we can I don't want to go beyond the 7th because I think I think we spent considerable time I mean Tom is not going to vote for it because you know I think I may be able to convince them if we make some changes still hold on well maybe that would be nice I mean I read his counselor's corner and I didn't agree very much he said so if that's his position then I'm not going to go there I've gone too many times go in there and then you go to get that anyway on other issues so I would like you to cite us as an example of that I could get to yes on this Helen so we don't need to let's call the vote resurrect history so let's call the vote so we'll set up a second third public hearing um on February 7th 7 p.m. at 7 p.m. yep so I would recommend you do this by roll call because I do not think it's going to be unanimous and we have somebody participating remotely okay so I'll call the roll we'll do it alphabetically Thomas Chittenden and then yeah and then Thomas Chittenden so I seconded the motion and that has been done before where somebody then votes against it I am not going to vote yes because I don't support these regulations but I do hope the motion passes so I vote nay okay uh Matt Coda hi okay and Helen really I Megan Emery is absent so the motion passes three one and we have sent a another public hearing so as I understand it uh you have uh we will publish uh the updates with the legal adjustments in them uh in the next available newspaper with the hearing for February 7th if either on the 3rd or the 10th of January the council decides to make additional changes then you still have sufficient time to update your warning for February 7th if you choose perfect that's exactly what we need to do okay thank you just want to make sure that is correct all right okay that's good is there any other discussion or comments around the ldr topic or okay so um thank you reports from counselors on committee assignments I think I gave them so that was easy GMTA oh GMTA yeah so we're gonna get hit with a bump but what two percent increase about $10,000 more in our assessment there are a couple different stresses right first of all is the drive is the you new union contracts with the drivers rural drivers urban drivers and um mechanics you've agreed to this yes you've signed a great yes and quite frankly um if you want a CDL you are in the if you have a CDL in your pocket you are in the driver's seat no pun intended um it's very hard to hire drivers bus drivers whether you're talking about school bus drivers or municipal bus drivers and those cost pressures those inflationary pressures have hit the GMTA second we rely on subsidy and we don't charge fares I haven't charged fares and that will be an ongoing discussion which I'd hope to put from other council members in the public because sooner or later if the subsidies run out from federal government the bill back better plan doesn't seem like it's going to happen um we are going to have to have a very serious discussion about what individual municipalities are be willing to kick in as a higher assessment or whether to go back to charging fares so those are some conversations coming from the GMTA in months ahead as well as the increase to South Carolina of about $10,000 over last year's assessment so do you want to include that discussion about fares um to get some feedback um in the next month or is this something or is there action that that maybe your the board needs to take before we dive into that quagmire I I think that's a great thought I don't know the timeline I wouldn't say next month once we hear from okay the operations committee I'm on the operations board the operations committee decides whether or not to forward a proposal to the general board that will be asking for feedback and then I would be asking for feedback from all of you and the public so we're not there yet all right well let us know because I'm certainly willing to include that in a um an agenda item this this new assessment the increase is in the FY23 budget that's right it is not in the draft budget but it but it right it needs to be we need to add it in okay all right thank you good way to end the evening the question is comment on GMTA what fair is fair oh Tom I'm we sold more political ads on the bus I think GMT will do well in that regard I just want to say when I first got on council GMT had a different manager Karen Walton and she came before uh city council I think two or three times and did a great presentation really reminding the public about what GMT does and that sort of dropped off and we had another manager I know John Moore is there now and if the it's in within John Moore's capability to invite him to a January or February meeting I see a lot of value in having GMT come we saw really can gives a lot of money to public transportation and I love that the other paper covers these meetings and I'd love to see John again just to give us an update of what's going on at GMT if that's uh possibly in the cards coming up that's a great idea I will invite I think um in terms of our budget um I mean this is like a state formula so it's not like you can say no right uh yeah I mean in the formula yeah I think you're right I don't know so we don't really have a I mean I can say no as a as a commissioner but if we if I get out voted so then yes it's it's a bill that you get in the mail right Justin right so the the for the financial operation challenge is if we under budget it in the FY 23 budget and get a voice invoice for more we're going to pay it and we are going to run red in that line which we will make up in another line so it would be helpful to us if that line in the in the approved budget was accurate so we could run that line and okay in the black and and I think it's a pretty minor change we can update that and give it back to you so um so to that end I like your idea Tom of having the new manager come in but I don't know we have a lot going on in I mean since we have to pay it anyway to hear a convincing story from the new um manager is sort of moot I'd like to hear it afterwards it is a time when I bring up really good residents they chime forward with what they want to see with service so it's just a good time to bring that conversation to the public here in South Burlington because we are the second largest funder the second largest assessed on this one I just think it's worth considering but I would just add that those cost drivers that that we were right now experiencing with GMTA I think every school district is going to experience with their own bus drivers as it becomes harder to hire someone with a CDL into work what are very difficult jobs even though they you're just driving but it is a challenging job okay well I just am with thinking that we have so much going on in January to try to squeeze it in along with all the other budget presentations I don't want to like give them just 10 minutes but if you think in February we could hear from him and get some input I mean I'm all for that and I think I mean I just recommend Matt put a questionnaire on front porch forum and you'll be busy um so that's a good idea well I mean you do get great feedback obviously you don't always follow it but it's you know you can you can get it here get it sense um is there any other reports okay other business I do have one item that I forgot to include and that so you'll allow me I wanted to and actually mark um Gable croted up and is that as many as I want yeah um and I think the climate crisis is just becoming so ubiquitous in news that um there's lots to read lots to understand and I think um it would be helpful for the council to have on the agenda an item every every meeting that either allows someone to or all of us to share articles that might be good to be reading um hear updates from the task force um climate task force to hear from the public about what they're thinking and just make it it doesn't have to be long I'm not talking about an hour it could be 15 minutes and people have a time as well as council members to comment or say this is a terrific um article I mean Ray Ganda sends us all articles all the time I don't know if any of the other counters have read them but they're really quite good whatever you think array um those articles I thought I think are pretty well researched and come from you know all over the world and it's helpful oh I'm just kind of putting it out there that we will you'll see this on the agenda well I'd like to see your report like once a month from the committee you will I'm sure yeah that that would be good and the public has been chiming in before the meetings like repeatedly right and that's good too um but um I would think that the task force should be the ones kind of like concentrating that information about you know scholarly articles news reports things like that as part of the information that they're gathering for their own mission right so maybe I don't know if they have a website on the city page I think they will they wish to okay so I mean that kind of information could be disseminated there too uh huh yeah well I'm not suggesting that we read the articles um but but you know I think it would recommend everyone start with the 273 page climate action plan which I have read because it's my day job yeah I've read some articles about it that are disappointing but anyway well well yeah I will read it yeah okay so I will put that on at least once a month but I think it's something that you know it's a hot topic okay any other info comments are you ready to adjourn okay well I wish everyone a really wonderful holiday my goodness we'll be back in 2022 right that's right see you next year okay all in favor thank you thanks for keeping your germs to yourself uh yeah and I hope you


Today guys, I bring you 5 glitches that still work with Borderlands 3. Some old, some new, all you can take advantage of. As it gone guys, my name's DPJ and today I bring you another BL3 video. If you do enjoy it leaving a like really helps out and subscribe if you want to see more. On screen legacy my weekly giveaway along with last week's winner. So being with a chance of winning this yourself, make sure you are subbed and have notifications turned on, drop a like on this video and leave a comment down below. Okay so the tape down at the Mali-Ram Blacksite patch basically removed many of the glitches we saw in game, but they didn't remove all of them. There are still a few you can take advantage of which will surely make certain aspects of the game a lot easier for you. Now some of these have been around since before the update, some are newly found so let's get into it. So at 5 is a glitch we have seen surface over the past few days. Credit to Osterberg for first covering this his channel can be found linked within the video description. So this glitch consists of you having equipped a shield which has any of the following perks. Weapon damage increase while shield is depleted, fire rate increase when shield is depleted, melee damage increase while shield is depleted and so forth. Any bonus upon shield depleted cannon will stack with this glitch and any shield with said perk on it will work with this. Now this is very similar to a glitch I posted a while back which worked on Amara only which involved similar shields and a blood layer class mod. That glitch and today's glitch allow you to stack these perks to an extent where if it's damage you stack you can literally one hit everything in the game.  Now the reason I put this glitch in at number five is because upon my testing which at first I didn't see anyone else who covered this glitch mention was the fact that the stacking you do with this glitch is easily disabled. So firstly to do this glitch make sure you find yourself a save point near a place where you can literally kill yourself by jumping off the map. Then it's just a process of literally spawning in and keep jumping off the map. This each time stacks the benefits of your shield making certain aspects you can stack utterly brutal. If it's a 25% damage increase and shield break every time you throw yourself off the map and load back in this will stack it and you will literally be able to one hit every boss in the game. Now how this works this way I have no idea but it does.  Now there might be a work around but at the moment there isn't. So although this is grateful stacking said perks stacking damage and so forth but the moment your shield then becomes depleted you lose all stacks and it's just way too easy to lose all stacks. So it can in the minds of many make this glitch pretty pointless when taking unhard of hitting foals so keep that in mind. Okay so next up is a glitch for money infinite amounts of money and well if you have been abusing the previous glitch and a few others I will cover today then you will need some for sure. All this takes is a low level weapon something easily obtainable from the right sources and a money bell. For instance here I'm using the infinite pistol level one then all you gotta do is go find yourself a money bell shoot away for millions in minutes. Now this is one of the older glitches within today's video but I just wanted to let you guys know it still works. Now the best place to do this is with an amber mirror upon Eden 6. If you run along here you will come across jabbers carrying barrels.  Do this right and they will drop that money bell.  Obviously mayhem 3 is best here as for some reason it still rewards more cash than mayhem 4 so until that's fixed mayhem 3 is best for this. So next up is a glitch I covered the other day. This glitch allows you to spawn in an unlimited amount of red chests which over time reward a legend knows. Now let's get one thing straight here. I hate when people claim said glitches reward hundreds of legendaries within minutes without actually testing this. That is not the case at all here people. That's a shocking statement and as I said in my initial video for sure there are much easier ways to farm legendaries there is no question about that. This is just unique in the fact you don't have to do any work at all. Know your loading in and out and it's as simple as running in a little circle. So how this works and how you get unlimited red chests is within the system of slaughter. Once you get here and start up via pressing a green button to your right you will notice a chest will spawn in a red chest within a locked crate. Normally you have to complete this slot to unlock this crate. Not with this glitch you don't. If you then after you start this up run into this back corner you will notice all enemies will despawn and that crate will open up. Now like I said this doesn't drop any major amount of legendaries but let's face it nowadays there are many epic and rare weapons equally as good but you do get the odd legendaries from this chest. Now to get this to respawn you simply run back to that start up button press it then run back into the corner watch everything despawn that crate then opens up again and you can run and go grab it again and you can literally just keep rinsing and repeating this process. Word of warning the red chest though does seem to glitch out if you leave a loot there without picking it up. I for the most part only got access to this chest when crouching so if I were you I'd pick up and drop that loot you don't want. Now if the chest does glitch out simply load out and load back in. Now this glitch has brought to my attention by I am Nikko so I'll credit to him his channel can be found linked with in the video description. So next up we have the good old duplication glitch now since the game has been released there have been many introduced the one I covered today is by far the best and fastest method. I've covered it in the past but today I want to reassure you it still works. So you and a pounding to head to sanctuary the person duping can't be the host. So once in sanctuary you both need to go into your banks here the host just randomly puts things in and out of his vaults as quickly as possible what this does is build up a lag for the non-host player to juke items within their vaults or banks. So all the non-host player does is spam the said item to be duped. Do this from your inventory into your bank or from your bank into your inventory it doesn't really matter. If done right and it's harder to do wrong this seemingly dupes said items as easy as that as when you are spamming them into your bank it dupes the item simple people. So next up we have a pair of glitches both do the same thing once for flak only the other works on all vault hunters and what this glitch does is allow you to basically build up a weapon any weapon to a point of it being able to destroy all in mere seconds. Now both of these glitches I've made videos on in the past but I have something to add to one of them so I'll first let you listen to how these are done from my previous video and then I will get back at you so check that out on screen now. Now this doesn't require any specific class mod shield anointment or rt fat all this requires is money because you have to respect a bunch of times so on flak and flak only at the moment this is how you get this done head to sanctuary and grab any weapon of your choice I would demonstrate this with elution school as I love this thing and also as we know returns I'm all back to the magazine which is a benefit for sure so respect using the quick change vending machine then go into your skill trees and spec down into two fang and make sure you apply five into this what two fang does on a five spec is give you a 25% chance to fire an extra projectile so spec down into this then you want to empty your weapons clip and let it reload just to make sure the perk as indeed activated itself then you want to respect again after you've respect again spec into that two fangs perk and then it's all about a rinse and repeat process just basically keep doing this with your weapon of choice and each time you respect you seemingly gain an additional projectile and this stacks literally for as long as you want to sit here doing this so the process respect spec five into two fangs empty your weapons clip let it reload respect spec five into two fangs empty your weapons clip let it reload rinse repeat and like I said you can do this for an unlimited amount of times a few rules though you can't quit to the main menu as you lose the stack but you can fast travel around and even die it works as far as my testing went on one weapon at a time and once you've achieved a number of extra projectiles you think is necessary you can go ahead and rebuild your setup doing this for a little over five minutes you can see the effects it had on illusions cool the thing just absolutely melts this is mayhem 4 by the way again after five minutes of doing this imagine what it would be like if you sat there for 20 minutes absolutely ridiculous so yeah guys this is literally a way to kill everything the game offers in mere seconds now this current method this quicker process is only available to do on flak at the moment but there is another way to do this on all of our hunters which I covered a few days back I will play a clip from that video and how this is done but it does require a few different things which you still haven't heard a fifth of December to actually get so check out that clip on screen now now what this glitch allowed you to do was literally make any weapon with a certain common terror anointment an absolute machine capable of killing all things this game offers in mere seconds the glitch will literally consist of two things to make it super efficient a shield or grenade mud with the terror anointment of an action skill end apply terror to yourself every five seconds for the next 18 seconds so having a grenade with this on or a shield is absolutely perfect I will state the shield or grenade can be of any rarity it does not matter as when you achieve this glitch you can switch to your favorite shield and grenade mud afterwards anyway so rarity does not matter as long as they have this anointment on them then all you need is a weapon that you are happy using and it has to have this anointment on it while terrified you have a chance to fire an extra projectile per shot the more terror you have the higher the bonus it helps having a weapon that won't run out of ammo quick either my illusions call is perfect as crit hits return bullets back to the mag but again here any weapon with this anointment works and of any rarity as long as you are happy with a weapon you are using so with this weapon your weapon of choice equipped with this anointment equip any other weapon it doesn't matter what it is so for now only be using two weapons just to make this easier then what you want to do is to make sure that shield or grenade mud is equipped with the anointment of applying terror to yourself an action skill cooldown then within sanctuary or anywhere else activate your action skill now one zane you can simply press the action skill button then press your inventory button this applies to yourself but doesn't take away your action skill ability so you can keep spamming this and keep gaining that terror effect and that's what i'm doing in this video if you are wondering when you see me quickly pull up my menu this could work under the vault hunters too but because i only play zane i can't guarantee that but i'm pretty sure i have seen people do this on other vault hunters either way using your action skill or not it doesn't change its effect just being able to cancel it and actually getting the terror effect just makes it a little quicker so on action skill you will notice you're getting that terror effect then what you want to do is fire that weapon with that extra shot anointed until the clip is empty then mid reload switch to the other weapon of choice which will switch wait about a second then switch back in my case back to dilution school and then let it reload then empty its clip again then again during reload switch to that second weapon wait a second then switch back this has to be done while you are under that terror effect what this does is stack extra projectiles meaning the more you do this the more projectiles you actually fire and the crazy thing about this is people even when the terror effect is vanished you keep the extra projectiles per shot me doing this for a little over two minutes i gained so many extra projectiles on my dilution school it was absolutely crazy and you can see the effect this has on that test dummy so as you saw those glitches theoretically can be abused until you can literally be fired a thousand shots per single shot if that's what you want to do that's up to you can't guarantee you won't crash the game though now a few things i have learned with the terror version of this glitch if you have both the shield and the grenade mud which apply terror to yourself upon the action skill end it seems to actually double up on the progress of applying the weapons anointed perk of firing an extra projectile so it basically allows you to do this glitch apply this glitch even quicker it's like it's doubling the effect and basically stacking another thing i have learned also with this terror version of the glitch is the fact that applying this to a weapon doing this glitch and allowing it so to speak on elution school to fire 50 shots per single shot then dropping a weapon on the floor and having a teammate pick it up it keeps the effect of having all those extra projectiles which is just utterly crazy people and have no idea how this works so if you want to take unwatting with a pal or a team of pals a team of three you could theoretically do this glitch for all players so keep that in mind people so yeah guys those were five glitches well theoretically see glitches but hey two are the same thing but yeah those guys are five glitches that still work in game now so take advantage of them while you can some of these have been around for a while and if gearbox do plan on nerfing them that's been something i have to do at least for quite some time so like i said take advantage of them while you can but on that note we have come to the end of the video if you guys enjoyed it leaving a like really helps me out if you're new around here and want to see daily borderlands videos be sure to subscribe and if you never want to miss a video i upload can turn notifications on by hitting that bell button guys thanks as always for stopping by hopefully you enjoyed the video and hopefully i will see you on that next one


Who's going to have a better career, Scotty Barnes or Evan Mobley? Pop-take Mobley? Rookie of the Year. That's all I got to say. All I got to say is Rookie. As easy as Scotty. All the way. Scotty Barnes is low-key carrying the Raptors. Evan Mobley. Evan Mobley. Yeah. His defense is crazy. Evan Mobley. Why? He's just better. I probably have to go with Evan Mobley. Big man, he can do a lot more. He can handle a little bit. He can play some good defense. It's going to be an anchor for a long time. I think Evan Mobley is going to have the better future. He's going to win multiple defensive players of the years. And Scotty Barnes is probably going to be an all-star at some point, but I don't think he's ever going to reach that defensive player of the year or MVP type caliber player or something.


I'm Chip Hardy at Brookdale Farm in Hollis, New Hampshire. I'm part of a family farming operation. We have about 200 acres of apples and small fruit and peaches, and we have about 160, 180 acres of vegetables, particularly about 110 acres of sweet corn. Of the sweet corn that we grow, we grow primarily for the wholesale market, and we only sell about 5% of that at our own roadside stand. We're at a location now where we have about 80 acres of sweet corn, and we have about four or five different soil types in this 80 acre track. So each field is broken up into a 10 acre parcel, and we soil test each one of those 10 acres because there's a big variation. So by doing a soil test on each block, we can efficiently apply the amount of phosphorus and potassium to each 10 acre parcel because they vary so immensely. It really allows me to save some fertilizer costs by only applying what is needed for each block. The way that we get this information for these 10 acre parcels is we use two companies. They use global satellite positioning and take a soil sample on each 10 acre parcel within the same foot every year. After they do the soil testing, they present us with a soils map of each field which analyzes and shows me what the nutrient value is and what needs to be applied for sweet corn production, how much phosphorus and potassium would be needed for a maximum production. Nutrient management is very important in raising sweet corn. Soil testing for general phosphorus and potassium is very important. In the past, we didn't test as accurately for these two nutrients as we do today. We used to fertilize the fields all generally with one rate, but by using this new technology, we get better production than we used to using less fertilizer. Well, this is our mixing and loading spray facility. We built this for a water quality safety issue. We keep all our chemicals right here in this facility and we do all our mixing and loading of all our weed sprayers and orchard and vegetable sprayers right here in this facility. It's on a 2% pitch and if you ever had a leak or spilt any spray material, it's all recycled and recaut into another container so that you can never pollute any groundwater. It all stays right in this spot. And the other beauty about having all the chemicals in one location, it really speeds up your mixing and loading operation. You don't have to go looking for chemicals in one barn or another. And having everything right here in one location under lock and key, it's much safer and a much more efficient system. We have the water right here. It's all gravity-fed so it doesn't take very long to fill the sprayer. The beauty of this facility is the fact that we can do all our pesticide mixing and loading right here and there's no chance that we can have any spill. Everything is completely contained. If we even spill a few gallons, it's all contained, pumped back up and pumped right back into the sprayer. So there's no way that we can ever pollute any groundwater.