Hello, this is Christian. Welcome to episode five of this PHP Stocks application using PDO. This is a bonus video, a bonus chapter. I want to talk about the SQL injection. I'm just show you one example how that can be very dangerous to your code. So here is our application we built before. Now I went ahead and added this new tab called add stock. And all I did was basically add a new task to add and show the ad form. And then we're going to add a company, you know, a new stock to the database. That's all there is to it. So we can go in here and add a new company, for example, say, well, let's see. So our stock, we have 50 of them, as you can see towards the bottom here. Okay, I'm going to add a new one. And just save my company, my CO, I'm the data sector, price will be 555. Okay, really cheap here. Okay, so submit. And so I'm added view of my stock, the very bottom, I should be able to see my 51 list. Okay, there it is. All right. So, so this example to show you the danger of not sanitizing your data. Okay, so let's go back and see the code here. So here again, just show you briefly what I did. I added a new ally here adding to the tease add a new stock. And then add a new form here. This is just an ad form. It's going to go to the same file, which is the index and the methods can be a post. So we're going to hide the data in the body of the query. And very basic stuff, the company symbol sector, and then the submit and reset button. Okay, so this is pretty straightforward. In the index, I added a new variable to show the ad form, just like a show table, I set it to false. And if it's, it's not selected, right? So the task right here, we I did not change that I added a new one down here. If the task equal add, then we change the form to true and then show that form instead. Okay, so down here in the body, I added it else if in between here, if it's show table, you show the stock table. Otherwise, if it's show form, we show the ad form here. And then otherwise show the other message down here. Okay, and we submit the form. It's a post. So up at the top here, add a new if set post submit. If so, then I collect the data from the form company symbol sector price. The first few is null that ID, pass it to data. And it will pass that to the insert data record from the DB class, insert that data to the database. If it's successful, then we say new stock added otherwise has some error. Okay, pretty straightforward stuff. So that's what we did, right? So now let's go and modify the DB function, function here to show you the dangerous part. So here we're using the PDO or we're using a prepared statement, right? So we this is the safety issue way. So now since we're doing this way, you're prepared, you're actually sending the instructions ahead. So the instruction gets over, it doesn't execute. But then, you know, there's no data to execute. So we send the data later. That's why it's pretty safe. Now let's say I'm going to change this to use the old or the traditional way of doing things and not using this prepared statement. Okay, so let's just return, you know, do everything all over here again. So be short. So query is going to be insert into the table. And then the values will be. So we have the first is going to be null. Second, it's going to be data of one, and then data of two. Oops, right. And then data of three, data of four, this is the stock that we terminate that. That's incorrect. Let's see, this is a comma. All right. And then we terminate that statement. And then we're going to do a, I'll do a, you know, you can do the same thing, but well, let's say return, no, just do a this query, PDO, I just do a query, or you can execute. Either way, execute a query, it doesn't matter. The statement, which is the query. And then we just return true for this one. Okay, we force it to be true. Okay, so that's the, the standard way to do it, right? You, you actually passing variables to each of these positions here, instead of doing this, replace holders. And then you execute that and you return statements. And just to make sure it works, we just go back and add a new company. Okay, so add another one here. This will be your company, YCO, it was going to be in the, I don't know, what, grocery sector, maybe, and your price is 34, 56. Okay, so submit. Good, we add it. Let's see if it's there, should be the 52. So there it is. Okay, so now here's the danger part, all right. So this is their company. Okay, so TCO sector would be unknown, right? So the price, let's just say that $12, and then you enter something like this. Okay, it's very dangerous here. So, and I put here, but this part here, as you can see, if I, if I go back and look in the code, show you why it's dangerous, that will cancel out the statements. If I were to do this again, let me just do this, this insert statement. If I had the insert statement to look like this, insert into the table, which is called stock. Once you parse it, right, it would look something like this. The first is going to be null. The second is the data. So this is a string of, let's say that, you know, their code, and the third is the symbols TCO, the sector would be unknown, and then the price would be this, right? I enter that here. 12, well, let's do this. So it would look something like that. The price, it was 12, and then I enter that, and that, and that. Oops, I shouldn't have replaced it. Let's try again. So $12, and I enter that. Well, I didn't like it. Let me just copy and paste right in here. So in here, I want to put like that, okay? This is from the form. As you can see, this part here, if you look at this, it cancels out, right? It cancels out the statement here. It ends right here. And then this part is now open. We have an incomplete. It will still look like that, right? So it's incomplete part, but I can add another statement over here to do something like, okay, I want to delete from the stock, and then you close that. So you have a second statement here. And this part will error else, it won't work. What you can do in SQL Server and also MySQL Server is you put the dash dash. And what that means, as you can see, it actually commented this out. So this whole thing will be ignored. And so I entered a second statement here to actually delete the stock table. So we can see that's very dangerous. So if I copy this, if I take this out, it looks just like the other one, right? If I put $12, and that's exactly what you get. So that's why it's so dangerous. Now let's go to the code, I mean the form, and put that in here. Okay. So now what happens if I go submit, it says I added the stock. Well, when I view the stock, all gone, right? It's gone. You can check the database to make sure it can browse it. And there it is, it's no data here. So you can see how dangerous this can be. You can do more damages to this thing. So again, if I go back and reset it, gamma was stuck. And my data is back again, right? Now I can do it again. Do another one here, some co SEO test. And then here again, just put here whatever, as long as you cancel out that part. So you cancel that out. And then the rest is like open to you do whatever you want. Pretty much you can drop. This is very dangerous drop table called stock. Okay, again, the same syntax. So now what happened is if you submit that, it's gone. If you try to view the stock, okay, now it's gone. You can see that now it's no longer working. You go to the database and you refresh it. And now I just lost my table. Okay, what's worse, you can even drop the database. I didn't do drop database, we could say drop the database, and then the name of my database, if I know what that is, and it's gone. So that's why it's so dangerous. If you don't sanitize your data, if you don't use to prepare statement nowadays, to do it this way, and just show that it does work, let's go back and use the other one again, the traditional or the regular, when we did earlier, let me turn this back off again. Now we're using the saved one, right? So I'm going to try to try to use the same method to try to attack this site. But I lost my data. So lucky me, I already saved my queries. I'm going to import it back in here. Let me just use SQL. I have it somewhere, I think. I want to import. What did I save it? Yeah, I save it somewhere. I'm pretty sure I did. Yeah, I don't know where, but I think I have it somewhere. Let me see if I can get it from my other screen over here. This is the stock table. So I copy my code here. Yeah, this is the one that I want to use. Okay, this is the stock I downloaded. I saved it before I actually do the lead. So I'll make sure I copy that. Let's copy all of that. And then I'm going to go and just insert into the SQL to recreate my table back. Okay, so my stock table should be back. So here it is. Okay, so now I can go and then add some data again. So there it is. Okay, so now we already changed the code back to the saved one, right? So let's close this. So oops, what happened? Yeah, I already used the, I've removed that already. We're using back to the original one. Okay, the placeholders. Now let's go and insert the same code and see what happens at stock. Let's be there, cco, tco, unknown. And I have what's like 12 and then that if I try to delete table stock. Okay, so if I click submit, here we go. If I view the stock, see it's all there, right? If I look at the very bottom and there's the company, I added here is $12. So you can see that the second statement wasn't completely ignored. It doesn't matter what you put there because it ignored that part. And what happens was behind the scene when you do something like this, this statement here ends it right here wherever it was before. And then the next statement is no longer working because it doesn't execute that statement because there's no placeholder for that data. So it's not even doing anything to that part. We ignore that. It only matches the data here. And again, there's only placeholder. And we send the actual data after these statement or the instructions been sent to the database. So that's why it's safe to do this. Okay, so this is one example. You can do so much more, especially like login stuff, you can do a trick to do a, you know, a query to make sure you can log in without even logging in, right? You can trick that as well by using something like, you know, one equals one, because that's always be true, right? So that's one example of how using prepared statements can safely protect your code. So I hope you enjoyed this video series. Let me know if you have any questions. Thank you.


Hi, welcome to SuperUserTV here at the OpenStack Summit in Barcelona. I know both of you are very closely with OSIC, so can y'all kind of talk to each other about what OSIC is, some of the updates since Austin, and what y'all are helping to achieve by Boston. Awesome, thanks, Allison. Yeah, I'm Kenny Johnston. I'm the Alliance Manager for Rackspace with the OpenStack Innovation Center. And Melvin Hillsman with the OpenStack Innovation Center Operations Technical League. And so we think of the OSIC partnership and Alliance that we're working on as really contributing on three fronts. The first is training the next new set of developers. We've had over 200 people go through our training program, right? Yeah. And I saw a stat the other day that it's actually over a year of OpenStack knowledge imparted to these new people, which is great. And so building that next set of developers, having them work upstream, and then really trying to impart some operational knowledge, right? Yes. Like the expertise that you and other rackers have in operating OpenStack. Yes. Imparting that into the broader community through our use of the cluster. You know, one of the big things we've been doing right, Melvin, is tests at scale in the cluster. Yes. And I thought maybe you could talk a little bit about what those tests have been. Sure. So one of our things is what we call novice install. And it's basically, in the community, there's this myth that OpenStack is too difficult to install, right? So we wanted to debunk it. And we actually took through our process, over eight iterations, the install from about 40 hours bare metal to actually horizon down to just under six hours or just over six hours. Wow. And so that includes bare metal provisioning. Bare metal provisioning, all the way to logging in, admin, and your password. Wow. That's really impressive. Are there other tests we've been doing? Sure. There's a lot of tests. There's scalability tests. There's reliability tests. A lot of, for example, like Plum Grid came in and they have a presentation here at the summit regarding how they actually took the cluster, 132 nodes, I believe, and they drove it as much as they could. And they want to share with the community how they were able to succeed utilizing those OSUG resources, and hopefully others will as well benefit from that and see it as something that they can jump in and sign up and do the same thing. Yeah, that's important. It's not just for the internal OSUG team to use in our development team. We're providing it to the rest of the community to do these kind of scale testing. Really to show enterprises that some of the scary things that they've heard about OpenStack in the past are now solved. You can scale it. It's very reliable. You can do HA with it. It's easy to deploy. We're working really hard on upgrades and doing upgrade testing. Do you have any insight from the upgrade testing we've been doing? Sure. So we actually deployed a CI CD to basically focus on rolling upgrades, where it's a little bit of downtime as you possibly can. Even zero downtime upgrades is what we're hoping for. And that's API downtime, of course. That stuff we've worked on and are going to work on in the future too? Yes. Currently working on, we've already done the POC. That stuff is github.com. You can actually go and look at our work, as well as you will find us basically continually pushing data there until we achieve our future goals. Awesome. Well, yeah. I think it's great all the work we're doing, and we'll continue to do as part of the OpenStack Innovation Center, and we look forward to reporting back in future summits.


Hi, everyone. Welcome back to UCAT Festival TV with me, Colm Cronin, and today I am delighted to be joined by the very wonderful Wendy Troxel. Wendy, how are you keeping? Wonderful, Colm. How are you, my friend? I'm very well. Delighted to have the opportunity to chat to you all the way from the great state of Texas. That's right. That's right. Nice and warm still here. Yeah, we're at the tail end of summer here, and we were obviously supposed to have Emily McIntosh join us, but due to circumstances beyond her control, she can't. But you are a wonderful representative of the research agenda that both UCAT and NACADA undertake, and you wear so many hats and so capable of it. But maybe you could talk to me, I suppose, a little bit, Wendy, around the research work that you're doing with UCAT. Thank you so much, and I'm really sorry that Emily's not here because she is the chair of the UCAT Research Committee and is such a wonderful voice, a scholar, a mentor, and a leader in that area. But I've been actually honored to be involved with the UCAT Research Committee since the beginning quite a few years ago now. The role that I have with NACADA as director of the NACADA Center for Research at Kansas State University and connected with the NACADA Research Committee. We have from the start offered a really strong collaboration between the research agenda, the researchers and the scholars and teachers of both associations. So the UCAT Research Committee is a really important, one of the really the first committees, formal committees of UCAT. And knowing that to advance the practice, the policy, the philosophies, the approaches of advising and personal tutoring requires deep connections to the literature base. And the ability to both help advisors and tutors access the literature, use the literature as pedagogical tools and strategies for their work is really important. And we call those scholarly tutors or scholarly advisors. And you don't have to be a researcher, you don't have to have done a statistical equation to be a scholar. If you access the literature and consider the deeper underpinnings of our work with students and the context of the work that we do, then you really are viewed, you view your work in a scholarly way. So accessing the literature, collecting and curating the literature is a really important part of the work of the UCAT Research Committee as well as NACADA's research arm. And then helping individuals and teams beef up their research skills and conceptualize research studies or philosophical inquiries and helping them with tools and techniques to do that. The UCAT Research Committee has a research mentoring program, a 14-month, pretty intensive support for individuals who want to be a part of that and want to kind of talk through how they can do this kind of inquiry on their own. And so they do that as well as some other initiatives that I'm sure we'll get into. I think the work is just phenomenal that is undertaken because when you work in any sort of maybe student support area, the idea of research can initially seem so daunting and so technical and just so far beyond what maybe some of us do on a day-to-day basis. And I found through UCAT, through you, through Emily and NACADA through Oscar and others, Craig McGill, the ability to make it accessible. I think that is what is so brilliant in these organizations and so welcome. And I have found so much benefit from that. So thank you for the work that you do on that. And I know that there is a new, is it publication in the works? And maybe you could tell me a little bit about that. Yeah, happy to. This is really exciting. And Emily has really led this along with David Gray, Oscar von den Weinhardt from the Netherlands and Professor Liz Thomas, who is a good friend of UCAT, of course. And so we are the editors of this special edition of Frontiers in Education, the Leadership in Education series. And so this special edition is all about advising and tutoring. And a number of articles have been published already. It's kind of a rolling publication process, but very soon will be announcing kind of the package in its entirety of the issue. And it's a series of really a global lenses to the scholarship and the scholarly arms of advising and tutoring. And there's a series of straight research reports. There are essays, there are opinion papers, there are kind of policy papers. And so this will offer a really important current look at a wide range of topics and issues and theories related to advising and personal tutoring. That's really important. And it's connected to another project that we have going. We're about to launch, which is kind of a content analysis of 15 years of research in the area of advising and tutoring. But this, you know, we touch students at every point of their educational journey in every program, major, discipline, in every phase of their academic life. And so the impact that we have on them, the influence we have on them, really does need to be captured in lots of different ways. Social science research, of course, kind of qualitative, quantitative is the typical, but also philosophical approaches and humanities approaches and, you know, attacking and and talking about the theories that kind of underpin our work. So this special edition is a really exciting next step in the scholarship. Fantastic. Actually, some of the points that you spoke to there were, I think, related certainly to Peter Hagan's opening keynote earlier on. So I can definitely see synergies already there. And Wendy, I suppose, if people are interested in finding out a little bit more about this, is the website the best place for them to go? Yes. It will be featured on the UCAT website soon. You could go to the Frontiers and Education website. I'm sorry, I don't have that URL right at my fingertips. And look for the advising and tutoring issue. But a list of those articles and kind of the issue when it gets packaged will absolutely be highlighted on the UCAT website. Fantastic. And we can make sure that we're to put the link when we're posting this. But alongside all of that work, you are also involved in presenting a session at the UCAT conference. Yeah. So on Thursday at 11 o'clock, I believe, I'll be revealing some of the sub-analysis that we've done on the 15-year content analysis. And so that session will be taking a look at the theoretical frameworks that have been used in the advising and tutoring literature over the last almost two decades. And so take a look at and we borrow, we really borrow and apply existing theory to the context of advising and tutoring. Some would argue there are theories of advising, others would argue there are theories for advising. And so if we think about the work that we do with students, we think about how we communicate with them, how we relate to them, how they learn, how they mature. And so the theories of sense of belonging and cognitive learning and self-efficacy and all of those types of theories that are used in learning and development absolutely apply and are relevant to the context that we are in with students and how we learn from each other. And so the scholarly advisors, the scholarly tutors understand that there's a pedagogy to the work we do with students, that there is learning that we hope happens and maturity that we hope we help develop. And so documentation for that and exploration for that is really important to advancing our profession. Excellent. Well, having seen you present at conferences previously, I know that delegates are in for a treat and want to wish you the best with that. There are a whole host of events, I think taking place in the remaining days of the conference. And so for viewers, you can also check out the social media and the website and you'll find a lot more details on there. Wendy, I want to thank you for taking the time out of your day to chat with me and I really appreciate it. I'm honored and delighted and good luck to everybody for the rest of the festival. It's a wonderful event.


It's close to everything. We can take a walk when we want, go downtown. We can take a walk to the school, go down toward the beach. It's a great place. We are seniors, both my husband and I are in our 80s and we probably didn't have enough saved due for it. So this is very, very good for us. We're thankful for it. I like how things are addressed. When we moved in, Vessa came in and refurbished everything. We've had new windows installed. It's a good size for my wife and I. Example space. It's clean. Because they replaced the windows, it's warm in the winter. That was a problem with the old building. I call it the old building, but it's new now. It is new. So it's been good. It's very important for me because I got hit really hard because I got hit with cancer twice. And like I said, living on your own, it's very difficult. And then when you get hit and you have to go out on disability, it makes it very hard with one person to afford housing. And so that's why I'm here. It's beautiful. It's, oh my God, it's nothing like I pictured. It's, these places are beautiful. It's like a mansion compared to the places that I've lived in. My apartment's very nice. I like it very much. I feel safe here. And I have since the day I moved in. I took the balance class twice. And I have never fallen since I've taken it, and I was falling a lot. I have a beautiful apartment. There's tons of light, windows. I can look out onto the street. I'm not, you know, looking at nothing. There's street and there is houses and people. So I just feel very connected. This is my home now.


I'm Laili Ipsa here with CalTV News reporting from Oakland Ice Center, where many members of CalFigure Skating Train. Many people watching the 2018 PyeongChang Olympics were outraged at skaters like Patrick Chan, who fell were able to beat skaters like Adam Rapun, who skated a flawless program. Well, I'm here with Captain of CalFigure Skating Chelsea in order to give you a better explanation on how figure skating is scored and what that means for training skaters. The IJS system is a point-based system and it's broken into two parts. You have your technical score and then you have your component score. So the technical score is basically what it sounds like, all the technical elements. So this consists of your footwork sequence, your jumps, your spins. For a senior ladies long program, you have seven jumping passes. You have three spins and then you have a step sequence and a choreography sequence. What does that mean? You have seven jumps in your routine. Three of those jumping passes are combinations and then the rest of them are solo jumps. And then for spins, you have what we call levels. So judges are allowed to give you grades of execution and we call these GOEs for short. And the GOE scale ranges from a negative three to a positive three. So if a judge awards you a zero for an element, that means that it's okay. It's textbook okay. You don't get any additional points, but you don't lose any points. So zeros are usually good. So my training now, I definitely can say that it's been affected by the IJS system. Since everything is such a numbers game nowadays, a lot of skaters, including myself, work on spins differently. We work on jumps differently. Our instincts tell us that we want to stay on the ground and stay safe. But for the sport, we're pushing ourselves to go to incredible speeds to go into triple jumps that require brute force in order to complete successfully.


Thank you all for joining us this afternoon. Career paths can sometimes be circuitous, and I think mine certainly qualifies for that. But I think this is probably a good moment to mention that for many, many years now I have felt as though I finally have found a home here at UVM, and I'm very grateful for that. And so I'll take this opportunity to thank the university and also to thank my colleagues in the history department for helping me to feel right at home in Wheeler House. Now with that said, an important centennial is approaching. That of Betten MacKay's proposal for the Appalachian Trail published in the Journal of the American Institute of Architects in October 1921. MacKay's plan, far more complex than the footpath that today links Katahdin in Maine with Springer Mountain in Georgia, represented a farsighted effort to utilize the undeveloped Appalachian region as a strategic battle line against encroaching civilization and capitalism. There, America's suffering urban populations could find solace in a progression of self-sustaining non-industrial communities that offered opportunities to balance employment with, in his words, productive recreation, and thus, as he explained it, solve the problem of living. In his own words are possibly those of his close friend, Clarence Architect Clarence Stein. The project was one in housing and community architecture and joined articles by English garden city planner Thomas Adams and architect Henry Wright addressing other aspects of community planning in that same issue. Neither MacKay nor Stein believed that initial article to be anything more than a rough sketch of their sweeping ideas. And by early 1922, MacKay already had begun looking for ways to explain his proposal crosswise rather than lengthwise, again, his words. And during the spring and summer of 1923 in the Columbia Valley of northwestern New Jersey in the northeasterly part of the state, MacKay developed a cross-sectional prototype for the AT Regional Plan aided by financial assistance from Stein. And he used the Hudson Guild Farm as both a base of operations and as a model for the type of farm camps that he envisioned along the AT corridor. And assisted by young men from New York City's Hudson Guild, he also mapped and opened a 10-mile footpath along a ridge of the Wallkill Mountains calling it the Hudson Guild Link and leaving a northward from the farm to a small railroad station at Spartus Station where he hoped to beckon New York City hikers to an expedition by rail and foot. Both MacKay and Stein intended that Hudson Guild Link to be a spur to the AT trail and thus the Hudson Guild Link and the Hudson Guild Farm become crucial parts to his Columbia Valley study. Today only in the Columbia Valley of New Jersey is it possible to really glimpse, at least on the land, the full Stein-MacKay conception for the AT. Now the story really has three trailheads. I think it's important initially to provide background context leading up to the meeting of MacKay and Stein at the Hudson Guild Farm in 1921 and especially to explain the influence of England's Garden City planning movement to both men and also to the AT project itself. And then with Benton's navigational maps in hand, we can venture into the Columbia Valley and explore the land features that he identified and the valley itself becomes a multifaceted province for the AT Regional Plan. And then we can, from a vantage point, overlooking that valley, possibly from an overlook that Benton christened Clarence's rock, we can reexamine the AT Regional Plan and whether or not it really deserves the description utopian, which is often how it's portrayed. And although the AT itself, the trail, veers toward a different destination, the story of that trail and its building becomes an allegory for the MacKay-Stein friendship that began that year at Hudson Guild Farm and flourished for more than half a century until 1975, the year both men died, MacKay at 96 and Stein at 92. The two men of such vastly different backgrounds, education and travel and experience should prosper in friendship from as improbable a beginning point as the Appalachian Trail and that the trail itself should spring from that union are really intriguing parts of the story. Let me introduce Benton MacKay, who was born in Stanford, Connecticut in 1879 and developed a lifelong devotion to hiking. Ramley might be a better word when his family moved from New York City to the small village of Shirley Center, Massachusetts in 1888. There, MacKay discovered, there too, MacKay discovered the quiet archetypical New England village that would later play such an important role in his thinking, his thinking and Clarence Stein's thinking about communities. MacKay entered Harvard in 1896, studied geology and geography and followed by forestry at Harvard's graduate program in forestry. In turn, that led to assignments for Gifford Pinchot's fledgling forest service in 1905. MacKay's assignments for Pinchot led him to the upper Midwest and Pacific Northwest where he struggled to revitalize communities devastated by the timber industry's migratory clear-cutting. And it's during this period that MacKay becomes familiar with England's garden city planning movement and Benton developed a number of experimental forest communities loosely tied to Howard's concepts, replacing Howard's open belts of agricultural land with publicly controlled forests. The concern about exploitation of natural resources and their human consequences led MacKay to the Labor Department where in 1919 he published his first book, Employment in Natural Resources which offered new communities, new agricultural communities to America and borrowed a plan for Canadian townships by Thomas Adams, the former manager of England's first experimental garden city, Letchworth, which is shown here on the screen. It's really four different alternative plans and MacKay enlarged that model by designating leftover triangular plots as community forests. That same year, 1919, at age 40, MacKay resigned from public service and experimented briefly with journalism for a leftist daily in Milwaukee, the Milwaukee leader and then returned to New York City and following the death of his wife in April 1921, he retreated to Mount Olive, New Jersey and the farm of his friend Charles Harris Whitaker who was the editor of the Journal of the American Institute of Architects and there MacKay continued to explore progressive ideas for reform, one of which was a plan to construct new communities throughout the Appalachian region and connect them with a continuous foot trail appealed to Whitaker and the introduction to Stein at the nearby Hudson Guild Farm followed in July. That meeting at Hudson Guild Farm with Stein marked the close of a very ill-defined period in MacKay's life but also the beginning of a new career of enormous productivity and 40 years later MacKay would write a letter to Stein acknowledging that that meeting marked the start of his main life underscored. Stein's career contrasts sharply with that of MacKay and born in 1882 in Rochester, New York to a Jewish family of German descent, Stein grew up in the comfortable surroundings of New York City's Upper West Side his family urbane and financially secure. His mother became a member of the Society for Ethical Culture which operated a free academy, the Working Man's School for the City's Underprivileged Children and both Clarence and his sister Gertrude enrolled as tuition-paying pupils. The school's curriculum emphasized social obligation and as a youth Stein viewed the crowded squalor of New York City's Lower East Side. Stein studied architecture at Columbia University and the Ecole de Beaux-Arts in Paris before returning to New York in 1911 and work with the architectural firm of Cram, Goodhew and Ferguson. He remained closely involved with the Ethical Culture Society and his life's work as an architect of communities takes shape during this period. He also becomes, after helping New York Governor Al Smith orchestrate a program for housing reforms Stein becomes a political ally of Smith and considers becoming a candidate for Vice President during Smith's independent bid for the presidency in 1919. And as chairman of the AIA's Committee on Community Planning Stein was well acquainted with England's Garden City movement and its two experimental cities, Letchworth and Wellen. Thus at the time of their meeting in New Jersey the career paths of these two individuals had followed nearly opposite directions. Steins steadily ascending, McKay always struggling to maintain constancy and yet as their friendship developed each would influence the other's work. Benton's provincial view became more sophisticated and Stein's urban focus expanded to regional dimension. From the outset of their collaboration for the AT, McKay and Stein saw the need to galvanize local trail clubs and also to organize a single body to oversee the mapping and building of the AT, a goal they achieved in 1925 when the Appalachian Trail Conference formed. However, the practical minded members of that body focused principally on the through trail, the long trail, the through trail. And although McKay and Stein grudgingly acknowledged those circumstances the first steps to a long journey Benton confided that the trail would never function as intended until the camp as well as the path was an inherent part of the system. All the while, McKay and Stein had voiced the need for an organization with broader goals and McKay's words to untangle the world's industrial cobweb. And in 1923, his words, in 1923 a small band of idealists including McKay, Stein, Lewis Mumford, Charles Harris Whitaker, economist Stuart Chase, and philanthropist Alexander Bing organized the Regional Planning Association of America initially intending to call themselves the Garden City and Regional Planning Association but instead settling on an informal alliance with their English counterparts. McKay, Mumford, and Stein formed the group's nucleus and members sought to confront a broad array of urban problems largely ignored by the country's nascent planning profession. And this is interesting. Mumford regarded the AT proposal as the group's centerpiece. And for a brief period, 1923 to 1925 the RPAA took custody of the AT project. With funding from membership dues and with stipends from Stein McKay began his Columbia Valley study just less than a week after the RPAA's organizational meeting. A project to impel and guide a public will to do as McKay explained it. Clarence and Benton spent the weekend of April 21 at Hudson Guild Farm talking over plans, organizing maps, and taking short walks. Clarence returned to New York City on Sunday evening and on Monday morning Benton began his study and his diary from that day recites started the new exploration by scouting the trail and baseline over the western range to the schoolhouse. The words new exploration become important as we'll see. Work on both the Hudson Guild link and the larger cross-sectional study for the AT regional plan coincided during the spring and summer months of 1923. And during daylight hours McKay located triangulation points, scouted old logging roads, and sketched land contours. During the evening hours he transposed field notes and drawings onto maps. Stein provided tactical support obtaining a planometer for measuring overland distances and supplying drafting equipment and paper. By the end of May McKay had chartered a through path from Hudson Guild Farm north to Sparta Station following a western ridge of the Walco Mountains and trail clearing with boys from New York City's Hudson Guild began early in July and reached Sparta Station by July 21st. McKay reported the story to the New York Evening Post which published his map of the Hudson Guild link and his extension northerly to McAfee Junction where it was to connect with the proposed route of the AT. Thus the ten-mile Hudson Guild link between Bear Pond Landing and Sparta Station shown completed on this map holds considerable historic significance. Principally it can be counted among the first trails to be mapped and opened specifically for the long-distance footpath that became the AT. It's certainly the first path by McKay and one of only a very few paths that he opened and physically opened during his long life. More importantly, it represents the only trail segment to be created as part of the larger Appalachian Trail Regional Plan. In addition, it is the only trail segment to illustrate the McKay-Stein plan to combine rarrows and footpaths, a crucial means to draw urbanites into the Appalachian hinterlands and a strategy that he mapped at numerous locations along the proposed route of the AT. If you look at the small map up in the left-hand corner you'll see that the AT corridor now is a series of links. Each end of the link is joined to a railroad corridor and in a letter in July to Stein, McKay proclaimed we now have the first link railroad to railroad all cut through. New York City hikers could board a ferry at 23rd Street across the river to Hoboken Board train from the Delaware Lackawanna and Western Railroad stop at Lake of Haccon Landing board a boat and travel to bear pond landing, hike the Hudson Guild Link, staying overnight at either the Hudson Guild Farm or campsites that McKay had designated and then after reaching Sparta Station turn to the ferry slips at Jersey City via the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railroad. Thus the faint imprints of a trail near bear pond landing possibly part of the original Hudson Guild Link and shown here just to the right of the three trees in the lower right-hand corner and rising ascending a slight rise in the hill and also the small railroad station at Sparta Station and its attendant water tower, both of which survive and in fact now the owner of the railroad station has restored it. Both of those land resources are eminently suitable markers for this early period of AT history. All the while during those spring and summer explorations, McKay began shaping a plan for Columbia Valley. Applying his training as a forester he conducted ground surveys for both wooded and arable lands attaculating the potential for sustained utilization by limited populations once again borrowing a principal tenet from Howard's Garden Cities and although his 1921 AT article excludes industrial communities McKay's Columbia Valley Plan identifies sources for both water power and industry. For the late spring of 1923 McKay had provided a preliminary report to RPAA members calling it a reconnaissance for a regional plan in Columbia Valley but he continued to expand his ideas and continued to write during the fall and winter of that year and by the spring of 1924 he had compiled a fair-sized treatise titled A Suggested Policy for Approaching the Problem of Regional Planning in the United States lengthy in body as well as title and the document really extends well beyond Columbia Valley and becomes a manual for social and economic reform mostly with navigational maps that are part philosophical discourse part geography lesson and part socio-economic dead reckoning. And although most of his many maps and charts and tables are confined or limited to the easterly half of the country he described the document as nothing less than in his words a charting of the resettlement of America. Members of the RPAA may have been surprised at the document's scope and also probably surprised to learn how their membership dues were being spent and Mumford probably acting as a benevolent interpreter described the work as preliminary steps to much more comprehensive technical surveys by experts because Mackay conceded his work to be crude beginnings but then reasoned and these are his words like all methods in the making it must be rough hewn before it can be accurate and I think at least part of the explanation is that Mackay really believed at this stage in his life that the RPAA would almost certainly chart a path to reform and he likely sensed too and I think as it turned out accurately that his newly formed association with Stein and Mumford would mark a turning point in his own efforts too as he described it guide the rudder of evolution. Today the principal value of the treatise rests in those sections grounded in the Columbia Valley albeit buried about halfway into the document. There he enlarges the 1921 article proposing the AT Regional Plan and the two writings really need to be considered sequentially. Now in full philosophical stride trust me distilled here he identifies the regional mechanics of sorry the regional mechanics required to nourish a civilization designed for living as opposed to merely existing and mechanics that allow people to dwell in a special realm where it becomes possible to absorb first hand the energy of nature and the skyline trail that he outlined in the 1921 article becomes a symbolic backbone for these domiciles and the skeleton of that new domain is formed by a series of vertebrae the all important ridgeways and whenever possible ridgeways occupy the entire ridge from skyline to valley floor on both sides and are publicly controlled. In addition those ridgeways provide vantage points from which Makai's better plan for living becomes visible in the popular mind. At this point in the trek too readers of the treatise who are still lost in Makai's tangle of imagination reach an overlook and discover that his idealized places now have locations and names and from that vantage point the regional plan starts to come into focus below the wall kill ridgeway the valley opens as one of the border basins of the Musconet Kong river and its basin in turn is drained by Lubbers Run. Having drawn the valley in profile plan and cross section shown here he calls for storage reservoirs regulation of streams and control of forest cultivation and he also focuses on both present and potential land utilization and with students accounting he classifies and measures open lands and wooded areas to assure grazing for dairy herds, farm crops and sustainable forestry and he also carefully identifies lands to remain permanently forested adding an important element to his plan and with similar formulae precision and I do mean mathematical formulas he calculates the flow of streams to estimate hydroelectric power for industry he also uses the Hudson Guild farm to demonstrate the viability of farm camps as centers for regional food supplies and he prepared an enormous map of the farm and its plots one by one to estimate the agricultural productivity for the entire valley. The map is reproduced here but it's a poor image the map is enormous and belongs on an entire wall it's really an outstanding bit of field research. And within view of these meticulously documented land units, Mackay's newly cut footpath courses along a ridge of the Walkill Mountain a vertebrae that connects the valley to the spine of the AT and by the time he has finished the valley has become a discreet, self-sufficient regional unit where resources can be surveyed, classified and watchfully managed and the panorama of the AT regional plan finally becomes visible the treatise thus becomes important in several ways. Ironically although the documents many tables, charts calculations, formulas may have confounded members of the RPAA, Benton's many facts and figures also add substance and structure to the AT article from 1921. And as does the Hudson Guild link the document also becomes an important part of AT history, the only writing only writing to illuminate the AT regional plan as conceived by Mackay and Stein and the single most important contribution of the RPAA to AT history equally important the treatise foretells Mackay's emerging emphasis on open space to protect and confine community centers a theme that would later serve as a touchstone in much of his writing and in doing so Mackay offers a unique model to American urban planning placing forests under public control to contain and shape the growth of population centers and many years later as president and a founding member of the Wilderness Society he enlarges that model by including Wilderness objectives to both his urban and regional plans and he really moves to the fore in American conservation history by doing that it's the facility with which he moves back and forth between city and nature that distinguishes him from many other conservationists during that time. Stein no less determined than Mackay to advance meaningful social change fulfilled several roles nurturing Mackay's thinking tracking his progress and financially securing new footholds. He also provided very tangible contributions to the Hudson Guild Farm by designing a number of buildings including Rosewater Cottage shown here for campers and guests. Stein's architectural expressions celebrate materials and exposed structure reflecting the influence of America's urban and crafts movement and Mackay found the cottage to be a very comfortable working environment and there too Mackay, Stein, Mumford and other members of the RPAA entertained England's garden city planners including Sir Raymond Unwin and Scottish planner Sir Patrick Gettys. It was Gettys who introduced Mackay to the term Geotechnics the science of making the earth more habitable and Benton pursued that objective for most of his remaining years Let's pause catch our breath as we absorb Mackay's philosophical rambles and as we gaze out over the green mountains from the vantage point of Peru Peak on the AT and also the Long Trail in southern Vermont take time to reconsider the AT regional plan and whether or not it really deserves the description utopian I think again any reconsideration of that plan requires putting their efforts, that plan into historical context and the question for us today isn't so much whether the goals of these progressive thinkers defied possibility or even whether Mackay, Mumford and Stein and others believed in those possibilities for clearly they did instead the question for us is whether we're sufficiently grounded in an awareness that commends the methods they chose to shape public outlook or put another way those methods thoughtfully even artfully crafted given the cultural makeup of that period and for example in 1921 it didn't take a great deal of imagination to envision the potential for the undeveloped Appalachian region a vast undeveloped area penetrating the country's populace eastern seaboard not too far away New York state had already established an enormous forest preserve in the Adirondack Mountains between 1872 and 1892 interestingly enough initially to protect the watersheds that served the state's canal systems in 1870 for example the revenues from the state's canal system paid for all costs of state government and the emphasis on watershed protection is just the kind of stream flow that Mackay underscored in his 1924 treatise in addition a number of mountainous areas Benton's Ridgeways had already begun to emerge in different parts of the country including forest and also national parks Benton had played a critical role or key role in the origins of the white mountain national forest by conducting a ground survey of watersheds in the white mountains tracking the influence of those watersheds on navigable waters in turn providing the legal justification for the federal government to acquire those forest lands Moreover the prospects for still developing electrical power industry an industry that Mackay described as capable of dictating the regional framework of all industry must have been enticing late 1890s and early 1900s people really believed that electricity would transform society in a dramatic way and the electrical power industry was still developing and also and this is really important as well the soon to be limitless reach of the automobile and the enormous landscaping that would follow had not yet really become visible in the public mind I think initially we can dismiss any contention that these figures engaged in self-deception were lost in the clouds or as one writer has proclaimed were only tangentially connected to the real world that's basically nonsense to Mackay himself once described his own endeavors as exploring the utopia of reconstruction but his emphasis on new aspirations suggests an awareness of the challenges in normity and the need for experimentation and he states as much in his 1924 treatise when he acknowledges that the task is one for the generations again his words with equal candor Mumford credited Stein and Wright with being able to design new towns the physical place of community but had nothing new to put in them no new way of living and for that they needed Mackay's vision and for his part Stein honestly acknowledged being a great believer in accomplishing the impossible and he spent most of his career testing that grey shifting borderland between idealized communities and communities grounded in real possibilities for the future ultimately the intensity with which he confronted that challenge weakened his mental health and in the context of utopian reconstruction the two most important contributions by Mackay and Stein respectively the Appalachian Trail and Radburn New Jersey represent dreams at least partially fulfilled confirming the value of their determination to seek solutions for human problems and the spark of interest that defines their kindred spirit and perhaps too we shouldn't judge either man too harshly if each occasionally found a sense of security as a measure of insulation against the inevitable disappointments nor would it be fair to touch on a related topic here just briefly to really describe nobody be fair to characterize Mackay and Stein as anti-urban Mackay believed that a society without its city would be a headless one and a society without a forest a rootless one and much of his writing offers very creative ways for joining the two and Stein I think deserves a lot of credit for Mackay's approach to the city and there's a marvelous section in the 1924 treatise where he looks at the whole question Mackay looks at the question of decentralization very objectively ways ways it back and forth not really favoring one over the other and this is almost 50 years before Jane Jacobs weighs in on the topic ultimately Mackay is a nature writer who I think accepts the city Stein and Mumford too have been criticized for their focus on new towns and their efforts centered on the need for sufficient open space to demonstrate alternatives to the monotonous grids of streets and blocks that oozed out across the countryside those are Stein's words and I think in response to some of those criticisms Stein would likely point to his urban projects Sunnyside in Queens or the hillside homes in the Bronx shown here where city officials stubbornly refused to alter the planned but completely grid of blocks and streets to provide for the efficient design of open space and also circulation patterns that didn't require children to cross busy streets it was enormously frustrating for Stein and although the question of decentralization is complex some of these aspects don't seem to find their way into that discussion I think ultimately too we can reconsider the AT regional plan in far more pragmatic terms ideas firmly grounded in possibility simply by examining the land use tools that both Mackay and Stein employed to give structure to the plan Benton's mechanics for a civilization designed for living Distilled to its essence the plan relies on public control of land to protect open space and to thwart the ill effects of land speculation and the dividends of public investment to communities as a whole is that goal so very different from our efforts today to craft public private sector partnerships that place open lands in trust for future generations Mackay's shining contribution is that he sought to connect those open spaces and communities with footpaths much as numerous nonprofits and public agencies are attempting to do today a random rather than comprehensive manner and one of Mackay's survey of the Columbia Valley to isolate the components essential to sustainable communities is that vision dramatically different from our efforts here in Vermont to focus on village growth centers or efforts elsewhere to approach what we call smart growth remarkably Mackay's 1928 book the new exploration of philosophy of regional planning which again borrows those two words from his diary on April 23 at Hudson Guild Farm expands his 1924 treatise by emphasizing the control of land along principal travel corridors and both he and Mumpert explored ways to zone the state highways metaphorical levees to stem the flood of metropolitanism and eradicate wayside fungus a term that Mackay borrowed from naturalist Walter Pritchard Eaton today we call it sprawl and strip development although I think wayside fungus has its own sort of clarity and to those of us who are engaged in these tasks to we who are engaged in these tasks consider ourselves utopians idealists perhaps optimists might be a better word and if we consider Mackay and Stein simply to be optimists then the lasting value of the AT regional plan may rest in its conception in Mackay's words as a comprehensive ordering of these ideas intended to create a popular will to do what could be more lucent what could be more firmly grounded today literally today than a call for a public will to do and when measured against against that standard perhaps the AT regional plan succeeded at least in part and if so the history of the AT and its influence I should say the history of the AT the footpath and its influence may be far more expansive than we realize the waning years of the Mackay-Stein friendship were quiet ones in 1974 on Benton's 75th birthday Clarence sketched one of his many portraits of Benton this one from a global vantage point soon after Stein, Mumford and Mackay resurrected the RPAA this time as the regional development council of America and once again membership dues were funneled to Benton this time for his work on his life's unpublished opus the geotechnics of years before Stein had penned a letter to Benton urging him to pursue that quest emphasizing that housing and city building are part of something much larger that the new land must be unveiled by someone who is free to separate realities from fiction possibly doubting his own abilities at that difficult moment in his life Clarence passed the torch of humanism to Mackay this is Stein writing, Ben it's up to you climb to the high ridges and make clear to us the real possibilities of the future we know you have your feet on the solid ground even if your head seems now and then up in the clouds almost a decade later 1964 on Clarence's 82nd birthday he sent another note to Benton reaffirming the central role that communities and open spaces have played, had played in their respective career paths this is Stein writing again my thoughts go back to the new towns but more and more I find my interest is in the regional problem the relation of the new and old communities to each other and to the preservation of open space and the relation of man the background of nature that's your influence Ben you and your wilderness for which I am everlastingly grateful the same year a talented National Geographic Society photographer Kip Ross captured a sense of their kind of spirit in this portrait taken in the gardens of the gardens of the Cosmos Club in Washington DC where Mackay worked quietly on his geotechnics opus and where he and Clarence had formed their own small octogenarian club for Mackay's part he was always very careful to credit people in the origins of both the AT and the Appalachian Trail Conference in 1969 the ATC paid tribute to Mackay on his 90th birthday and Benton composed a poignant reply accepting the tribute in Clarence's name as well as his own but also hinting at the larger purpose they both had shared for the AT this is Benton writing on a midsummer Sunday in 1921 in the Highlands of New Jersey at Hudson Guild Farm I first met a man with whom then in there I had a long talk that's Mackay prose at full speed our friendship has endured through the years and I recently wrote to him that we have lived long enough to see together the product of our talk in a great American institution and this is interesting quite aside from our meeting the footpath from Maine to Georgia would undoubtedly have occurred it was due in the course of events but not the institution which now honors my 90th birthday had it not been for this man Clarence Stein our particular Appalachian Trail our particular Appalachian Trail would not have been born so there you have it the forgotten cross sectional regional plan for Columbia Valley and for the larger AT and a few snippets of the Mackay Stein story so thank you


Hey, this is Brett, and this 2018 Ford F-150 Raptor is stock number 13218ZA. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, your new and used light-duty truck headquarters. This 2018 Ford F-150 Raptor has the 3.5-liter high output V6 EcoBoost engine. It puts out 450 horsepower. It's paired up with the 10-speed automatic transmission. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off, and this truck is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around in this video inside underneath, start it up, and we'll take a look under the hood as well to give you the most accurate representation of the truck possible. I shoot all my videos in 4K, so if you have HD capabilities, turn them on now because it is your best way to check out the quality, condition, options, and cleanliness of the truck before seeing it in person. As you go down the driver's side, you can see that the box is in excellent shape. They get the flared-out box with these Raptor packages. Cab and doors are in excellent condition as well. Magnetic gray, really good color, Pink Codes J7. If you like the video, you can subscribe to my YouTube channel, which is youtube.com-summit-auto. Click the bell notifications and you'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day here at Summit Automotive. This one comes with the painted and polished aluminum wheels, and it has BF Goodrich all-terrain tires. These are LT 31570R17s, they are brand new. We put those on in our safety inspection, you can still see the little wear line from Bean brand new, and the frame and underbody is in nice condition as well. Front fenders in excellent shape, those have the LED headlamps, LED running lights, and this one comes with a set of LED fog lamps on it. We'll turn all those on at the end of the video, so stick around for that. It's only a couple minutes away. Get the Raptor grill, get the lights in there, has the front trail camera. The hood is in excellent condition as well, an Intini Denser dings in there, and the passenger side front fender is in fantastic condition too. Passenger side wheel in the front, no scuffs or scrapes, magnetic gray, it's got a lot of metal flake in it, really like this paint color, paints a nice shape. And as you go down this side of this 2018 Ford F-150 Raptor, take note of how clean that body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. I take these HD videos, so if you are far away or even if you're close by, you just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises, and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision, definitely let your salesman know that you saw the video, that it was helpful, and that Brett sent you. Back wheel is in excellent condition as well, no major scuffs or scrapes, and the back tires are brand new as well. So there are the Raptor Fox shocks, which come specific on the Raptor package, frame and underbody is in nice shape. It's like that all the way underneath, looks pretty good, little rockers, cab corners look good. I love the Raptor step bars, the powder coated or bed liner step bars, they look really good. Coming around to the back of the vehicle, you'll notice you get the LED tail lamps, the rear bumpers in great shape, no denser dings on that back, parking sensors, full towing package which includes the receiver hitch four pin and seven pin wiring, the tailgate is in excellent shape as well. Has a very nice Truxedo, low pro soft roll up tonneau cover, it's the same tonneau cover I have on my truck, I really like it. Has a shock down assist, spray and bed liner, LED bed lights, side box tie downs, and this is a Ford factory tough bed spray and bed liner. You get this button right here to turn those lights on and off, and the back, or the inside of the tailgate spray and bed liner too. Has a tailgate step assist, and that shuts nice and solidly. Notice the big dual rear exhaust tips, for full disclosure this back rim, back wheel is in pretty nice shape as well. Does have the capless fuel fill which is one of my favorite features on my truck. You get gas on your hands again, and it does have the driver side door code entry, that's my favorite feature on my F-150. This one, we do have the door code for this truck, and if you ever wanted to figure out what your door code is for your 15 to 22 super duty, or F-150 I should say, in the upper right hand part of the screen there's a video showing you how to do that, how to find it on your truck, blind spot monitoring, heated mirrors, built in directional signals. Inside the raptor package gives you the black and gray leather interior. There are no rips or tears on the bucket seats, they're in very nice condition. You get the raptor stitched into the backrest, factory all-weather floor mats, you get the Ford performance, kick plates, power pedals, auto headlamps, power tilt and telescopic steering wheel, power locks, windows and mirrors, you also get the power folding mirrors. Truck's got to be on for those to work, you get the carbon fiber trim on the doors. The back seats are just as clean as the front seats, these back seats are heated on the outboard side. You get latch child safety system for any child car seats you may have, power sliding rear window with the built-in rear defrost, these headrests do fold down for better visibility when nobody's riding back here, and once again very nice and clean, no rips or tears, you get the very nice all-weather floor mat back here. Heated seat buttons, 12 volt power point, two USBs and 110 volt 400 watt max plug-in. Interior heated seat buttons, and these seats go down just like so. Get the carbon fiber on the back doors as well, and child safety locks on the back doors too. Bottoms of the doors all look really good, we'll hop inside, check out the miles, the radio and everything that this truck has to offer on the interior. Get the built-forward tough animation there, get the digital speedometer, you can see this one has 48,915 miles, instrument cluster is very nice and clean, does have a compass display as well. You get the leather wrapped, raptor steering wheel with the red or orange center stripe, Bluetooth and audio controls on the right side, you have your different steering fields so you got sport, comfort, and normal, you get the thumb pads on there, the paddle shifters on there, and then here's your cruise controls and adaptive cruise controls and information center controls on the left. You get the sync 8-inch radio, this one has AM, FM, and Sirius XM radio capabilities, you can see that it also has the NAB system with the Highway 41 so that is working nicely. You get your climate controls here, this one does have the heated steering wheel as well, and then you have all your different other apps here, including Apple CarPlay, Android Auto where you can project your cell phone to the screen. This is also where your backup camera shows up, and the 360 camera as well, you can see the backup camera there, and you can zoom in on your backup camera to hook up to your boat camper trailer first time, every time on that receiver hitch. You can change your camera views to the front, to the back, and to the 360. This one has the B&O, premium sound system, excuse me, turned out 4-wheel drive, has a trailer backup assist, push button start, factory brake controller, your more tactile climate volume and tune controls does have a CD player, heated and cooled seat buttons, two USBs, you can see you get the carbon fiber trim right there and on the shift handle. This entry with remote start, power drop-down tailgate, your lane departure warning, 12-volt power point, 110-volt, 400-watt max plug-in, you get the carbon fiber on the dash over there as well, and the passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition as well. I don't think this truck's ever been smoked in, you get the panoramic sunroof, so second row fixed glass, power sunroof in the front, you get six auxiliary up-fit switches, This one is actually active, this is what turns on your fog lights in the front, you also have a power sign rear window button, home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems, and map lights right there. I did want to show you the tire and loading information before we started up, as well as the VIN sticker, alright, let's start it up, take a look under the hood, these Raptors always sound really good too, so there's no check engine lights or anything like that. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video, you've been able to verify the quality condition options and cleanliness of this truck all the way around inside out, I'll turn those lights on here with that switch, it does have LED side lights as well, and hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality condition options and of course cleanliness of the truck all the way around, LED fog lamps, LED running lights, and headlights all work very well as do the ones in the grille, and under the hood we have the 3.5 liter high output V6 twin turbo EcoBoost engine, engine bays very clean, runs very smooth, once again this truck has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off, and it is 100% ready to go, there's the emissions sticker, and I would highly recommend this truck from a quality and condition standpoint for brand new tires, really clean inside and out, I think whoever gets this one is going to be very happy with it, and to see more pictures of this truck or one or other 550 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, wranglers, half tons, three quarter tons, one tons, you name it, we got to go to that website right there, summitauto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations, all at summitauto.com, and if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto, remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video, and all the videos that you see there, click the bell notifications and you'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day here at Summit Auto, in fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel in the upper left, a link to more F-150 Raptor videos like this one in the upper right, a link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left, and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right, click those, check us out, and we're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2018, Ford F-150 Raptor, Crew Cab Short Box, and Magnetic Gray Metallic, thanks again for checking out the video, remember to like, subscribe, and share on the YouTube channel, I really appreciate it, thanks again.


Oh Man, I don't know about this with tweeter. Just look at this city This building's on fire and then this one's over here. I'll crack that looks like it's about a collapse man It does not look good at all. Okay. Oh my god. There's even a car crash back here. Oh, man All right, I don't know man. It seems like we're gonna have to go through with this Okay, so we are on this escape the city. I'll be you guys. Okay. Let's go with this guy says there Looks like our car broke down.  Okay, man Well, this doesn't look even to me. It just looks like pure chaos around here. This is something else Oh, yeah, say hi buddy. There you go, man And we're here with the list of the trash. What is up Alyssa? Kind of look like Freddy Krueger, right? Oh god, that's scary me. Let's get out of here. Here we go Okay, so let's get across these wrenches here and this tool. Okay, be careful Don't step on the oil Alyssa because it is deadly. All right It looks like we have to go through it's all the bad of factory. Are we going this abandoned factory, man? It's all rusted. Okay. I hear Man be careful with those. We don't want to get chopped up. Oh god, run, run, run. What's there's lava? Why would there be lava inside of factory? What kind of factory is this man? It must be insane Okay, we need to go through this alleyway. It's only our it's not only way out Okay, let's go check this alleyway out.  There's water everywhere here Okay, oh Dude, that was a ghost goddess. That was so close. Can we have to be careful? But yeah, not with turkey. Look at this. No, no, no, okay Careful. What? Look at Alyssa She's a hacker. Oh my god. She's the head of the game. She's thinking outside the box Looks like the rest of the city being built. Okay, so it seems like some chaos happened in the city And they're rebuilding it as you can see over there. Oh, man. What's going on with that builder, man? Hey, what's up, mister? Don't do it. Don't jump off man. Please don't it's not worth it. Okay, so where do we go?   The trick is to keep jumping. Okay, so keep jumping. Oh Dude, I look like that looks like it's pretty strong itself. Oh, you have to keep jumping mr. Bacon hair Oh, no, it looks like he's lagging and struggling at the same time. He goes nothing Nothing happened to us. Okay. So it's like we're we got this nice Okay, we got it man. Just keep going. Just keep going. What why are these things floating here? Okay, this is a bit sketchy Just keep going be careful. There's a lot. Let's not fall down here. Nice. We made a man This case says it looks like dead end. Our only way is through the sewer Oh, no, we have to jump in the stinky sewer. I don't want to go in the stinking sewer man Okay, here we go. We're here Okay, choose the right path only one steady enough to walk on case we have to go any mini mining mode Let's go here catch a tiger by his toe. Go here And not another red let's just go here. There you go. Hey, nice. My god. Look at that water though.  Oh, love somebody oof.   There's a giant zombie in the sewer Why on earth would there be a humongous zombie down here? Like how do you even end up down here, man? What is this guy doing here? Okay, what is that thing it's going so he does Oh, no, man. Well in case you didn't know zombies like so many people my friend So he is definitely gonna eat us Okay, here goes nothing. No, and we're getting and we just got eaten by the giant zombie I mean, why wouldn't he want to eat us? We're turkey. Look at us Oh, man. Okay Oh, these are the best. Okay. You're good. Nothing. Oh Please yes, we made it and our first try nice But did you guys see what that zombie ate?  He had donuts He had ice cream in here had no idea zombies like to eat that kind of stuff I thought of it.  Okay, seems like we're inside The zombies Whatever this is I have I can't picture what this is. I can't make of it guys Okay, so let's just get out of here What I didn't even touch it Gotta be kidding me. Alyssa's like man. Oh, okay. You watch you got oof too. So here we go, Alyssa We are 101. Oh, man. Okay. We got this. Yes. We made it Don't worry. I won't leave you Or at least I will try to because sometimes I just get I get in the game and not take off man But it seems like she's pretty good.  Oh, man. Oh not these again I don't like these thingies. Okay, uh Hmm, let's go with this one. Oh, okay Seems like we're just gonna guess this if we get it right then we're pros And I quit roblox for the rest of the life. I mean my youtube career. Okay Okay, if we fail then we have to keep playing roblox So I don't know which one to pick I'm gonna go with this one again. No Okay, we got it wrong It is not that one So it means we have to keep playing roblox Forever and ever Okay, it's this one but then we have to guess the other one. I think it's straight Oh my god, it was straight this whole time and let me guess it's this one How simple is that you kidding me? It was about the shark and dj radio Okay, nice So now we're on the spine of this zombie. This is some weird spine It like curves who kind of oh, he was like against the wall, but This is one weird spine man. Hey, what's up whim?  Oh man. We really have to climb all the way out there It's gonna take forever dude Jesus Okay. Well, let's see how long this takes. Hold off for me. Alyssa. Man. She is gone. She took off Okay, what we're like halfways. It seems like we're halfways, but there we go Okay That what? Hey, what's up alpha shark? Okay, finally we made it man Yes Oh Be careful with those Alyssa. Yeah Oh my god, okay, let's jump over these Keep it steady.  But okay. It was just garbage.  Nice Okay, watch out for the falling garbage. You must time it right. I don't see any falling garbage, but okay, man, whatever Oh my god, what's up with these saws coming out of the ground? Things are deadly Just went oof. I heard that somebody went oof Okay, we got this We're almost to the end I would make it Okay, be careful with these we don't want to get shocked. Well, we just jumped on it and it didn't do anything So whatever man, how long guys we gonna have to start over me do go there What does that mean? Okay. Whoa, that is one big fan. Remember last time and keep jumping Okay, so we're gonna have to keep jumping because this thing is in keep pushing us back And this is not fun at all, man Oh, but it seems like we got it. Oh, we got it our first try Not gonna lie. That's impressive because that's a very hard part Because that thing pushes you back as you jump. Okay, we're almost there keep going Okay, we're almost where though. It doesn't tell us where we're headed to But we're almost there like he said so here we go Okay, it burns. What is he talking about? Is he on fire? What is wrong with that guy? Oh man, okay says it burns, but he doesn't even have a face Maybe it burns it because his face melts it I don't know man, but poor guy Oh look we found somebody Hey, can we jump over here? I'm pretty sure there has to be a badge around here Because it's right in the open. Oh look the giant zombies over there. Okay, let's see through this Through this really unsafe walkway. Okay, I'm gonna cross here, man I don't know about that man. That seems very high up the ground and it doesn't look safe, but here we go Oh, man, where's elissa? Oh, there she is.  She's quick Okay, uh, let's let speedrun our way back home before our mom gets matters for being too late Being too late. Uh-oh. So it seems like we're late To getting home. Oh god the speed run. Okay. We better get this the first try, man Come on. I see the end. We're almost there. No We found the end gotta be kidding me. Oh, you guys see that cheeseburger? Oh man, that looked awesome. I want a cheeseburger now, man. Hey, what's up? What stage you on boy? I'm already on 30. I'm on the 30th stage, which I think is like the ending already, man This this one has a lot of stages, but they're like short stages So they're like a lot of short stages. That's why it seems like there's a lot of levels But it's pretty short because we're already done with it. I assume. Okay, we made it We made it out alive. Congratulations. Thank you, man. Give me a hug No, okay, man, whatever. Wow. We made it back home. Wait, what is that thing? Goo Goo Gaga.  Are you okay, man? Okay, let's see what this baby has to say Hi sister.  I will come back soon. Goodbye, sis. No, never I'm not your sister. Hi, brother. Can you buy me a new toy 10 robux? Please get your own robux.  Help me, Alyssa. There you go. She's following Alyssa now Alyssa has a new baby sister. Look at that. Isn't that beautiful, man? Let's go check out that house. It looks pretty awesome. Oh, look, there's another character over here Mom, what took you so long to get back home? Hi, mom. Sure. Why not? Wait, I can't read that. Hi, son. What? I can't read the dialogue. It's like inside the house. What? Okay, let's push her away. Oh, there you go Hi, son. What's with your dinner tonight? I'm cooking it. Wait, I have to poop. What? You're nasty, man. Okay, but the mom doesn't have any arms Wonder what happened to them Hey, can you please stop following me? Okay, great.  That is one nice fireplace even though it's just a picture. Let's go upstairs Is that really it? This is one nice house, man Look at this place. It's awesome. Can we go to sleep? All right, you guys, let's say bye to each other.  There you go, buddy All right, you guys, thank you guys for watching. Thank you guys for the amazing support If you guys enjoyed this video, make sure to slap the like button If you're new to the channel, make sure to subscribe and hit that notification bell And I'll see you guys in the next one. Bye


Roller Derby is an all-female contact sport involving rollerskate. Community members from Naval Air Station Signela and Lincoln Heath Air Force Base come together to battle out their skills in a friendly game of Roller Derby. Ariana Saldarez, the team coach, talks about the match. We are having a Roller Derby bout. The first one here at Signela and we're super excited. It has been a long time coming. The league has been in existence for over three years and finally we are able to go ahead and have the girls from the UK down and play some derby. There are over 1,250 Roller Derby leagues worldwide. Signela Ash kickers are just one team. From Naval Air Station Signela, I'm Petty Officer Sean Hillier.


Name the player. Okay. What's his name? Um, Beedle.  Brown. Nice. That's the goat, bro. What's that? Oh! Is it? How'd you know? It's a lion's quarterback. That's not. Well, you don't know his name. You gotta give him a name. Joe. Mom. Oh, the Viking. Kyriek. Nope. It is. Good job. Yes.  Nice job. Rob Gronkowski.  How are you getting me? Oh, you're kidding. Is downbree? Is downbree? Yes.