Good evening everyone and welcome. This is Melissa Armo with the Stock Swoosh, and today I thought I would review IBM Let's take a look at the chart. So this was an option call I gave on this day Which I also day-treated the stock that day as a short and then I called a put fell fell here fell here fell here Low the day here is 145 80 So this actually went and broke today Could follow through I Told people you might want to get out of this today because I wasn't sure what the market would do tomorrow Based on Google earnings, which were tonight after the close guess what Google gap down and the market is Gapping down as well not a lot but slightly so This could follow through one more day and get to that number of 145 This was a profitable call whether you get out of it Any day, I mean it fell from the time I made the actual option called back here on the 19th For the put for the option trade the day trades. I was in and out quickly here in a couple of minutes But the interesting thing is that you can utilize my method The golden gap system to trade Stocks in any way that you choose you can day trade them you could do swing trades you could do option trades IBM is a great example of that. You could have day-traded the stock on that day How I'm gonna review here and show you the exact entry that I did. It's a really good day And I literally didn't even hold this which I don't usually do but I Shorted IBM on this day got the drop got out made Amazing money over four grand. That was it. I was done a couple minutes if you had wanted to also swing trade IBM you could have done it you could still be in it target for the swing trade in IBM If you did it today is right in here 142 That's the first target for this for that if you did swing trade if you did the option trade I told everyone 145 is the first number you want to watch got with an 80 cents of that today And again, this could drop again tomorrow market falling or you could have got out of ready with money in this so the Amazing thing about what I do in my gap trading method is that you can day trade gaps You can swing trade gaps. You can do options trades in gaps. How are you going to decide what to do? Well easy in nine deal world You do them all you make money doing everything number one number two If you don't have time your time is limited and you can't be in the trading room between 9 30 and 10 or A for the golden gap class, which is five grand sign up for the option letter do that or do the swing trades Either way you can make money in the market trading my method Whatever your time it is whatever you could afford. This is just opportunity screaming you in the face here This stock is lower It's lower. Okay, and if the market falls tomorrow, which I'm not saying it does because it's way too early to tell It's not even you know tomorrow morning yet I have to see where we gap in the morning and see how Google looks as well, but You don't honestly honestly this could fall and break and have a big red day between now and the options expiration But the safe exit really was today.  It falls again, you know, well, I'll call another one tomorrow So have a great night everyone. We'll look for a good strong solid week this week Every major major stock is reporting this week Facebook. Google was tonight Amazon is this week as well CMG to I can't wait for it Gonna be a lot of option calls a lot of day trades to do you got to make the money when the market gives it to you Which is right now earning season July and August and we're gonna see where it goes Have a great night everyone email me with Melissa with the stock switch calm If you want to sign up for the gaps options letter, which is an annual subscription It's for one calendar year or you can take the golden gap class this weekend and learn what I do Which is you know, which really shows you how to pick stocks like IBM Determine and predict the direction of bias and then you will know for yourself what to do for day swing and option trades And you won't need to rely on me in the future. Thanks everybody. Have a great night


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Hi. Thanks for the introduction. So this talk is titled, Mini-Crypt Primitives with Algebraic Structure and Applications. And this is joint work with Navid, Hart, and Anup. This is an outline for the talk. So I'll be giving a brief overview of our main results. And then I'll talk about how these results imply an alternative approach for designing crypto primitives, as well as a very interesting cryptoplexity hierarchy in cryptomania. I'll then present a brief overview of our techniques. And I'll end with summary and open questions. So as the name suggests, the key building blocks for this work are primitives in Mini-Crypt that we're all very familiar with, namely one-way functions, weak unpredictable functions, and weak pseudo-random functions. And these are essentially unstructured primitives in some sense. So what we do is we essentially strengthen these primitives by imposing some form of algebraic structure on them. And the algebraic structure that we consider is essentially a homomorphism between the input and output spaces of these primitives. And so what we study in this work are homomorphic one-way functions, input homomorphic weak unpredictable functions, and input homomorphic weak pseudo-random functions. Some very short definitions. So a homomorphic one-way function is essentially a one-way function. It satisfies the security properties of any one-way function. Additionally, the input and output spaces for this function are groups which are efficiently sampleable and have efficiently computable group operations. Similarly, for an input homomorphic weak unpredictable function, we have the input and output groups which are efficiently sampleable. Note that we do not assume any structure on the key space for this primitive. And the same goes for a weak pseudo-random function. We also consider a notion of bounded homomorphism in this work, wherein we put an upper bound on the number of operations that we allow in the input and output spaces for this homomorphic relation to hold. And this is primarily done to take into account some assumptions, such as lattice-based assumptions, where we have the concept of noise, and so exact homomorphic relations may not necessarily hold. All right. With this background, I would like to go on to the main results of this work. We essentially show that when these primitives, these mini-crit primitives, are endowed with additional structure, they end up implying some very, very strong primitives which are typically considered to be part of cryptomania. This includes primitives such as non-interactive succinct commitments, public key encryption, and primitives which imply even stronger cryptographic primitives, such as trapdoor functions, IBE, key-dependent message secure public key encryption, and generic conversions of CPA to CCS security for attribute-based and predicated encryption. And we actually show that an input homomorphic weak unpredictable function implies a homomorphic one-way function under some special conditions, namely that the underlying group is abelian. And when we strengthen the unpredictability to pseudo-randomness, we get even more primitives, including private information retrieval, lossy trapdoor functions, oblivious transfer, and multi-party computation. So our results essentially imply a certain departure from the traditional notion that we have of building cryptographic primitives. Typically, we have assumptions on the one side, which are concrete number theoretic assumptions. And then we have primitives with certain security notions that we want to achieve. And what we often end up doing is building these primitives explicitly from these assumptions. And the techniques that are used for building these primitives are often very specific to the assumptions that we build them from. For example, we knew way back in the 1980s, 1970s, and 1980s, that trapdoor functions are implied by RSA. It took us 30 years to understand that trapdoor functions are also implied by other assumptions, such as DDH and LWE. And only last year, we realized that trapdoor functions can actually be built from CDH. In this work, what we propose is a different approach, which we call a narrow-based approach. Namely, instead of trying to build various cryptographic primitives directly from concrete assumptions, we could try to build them from some of these generic mini-crypt primitives with structure. The advantage being that in terms of feasibility results, once we show that one of these generic primitives implies a certain cryptographic primitive, we immediately know that this cryptographic primitive is implied by all the assumptions that are known to imply this generic primitive. So if we came up with a new primitive in the future with some desired security guarantees, we could try to build this from, say, an input homomorphic weak PRF. And we would immediately know that the assumptions on the left, such as DDH, QR, DCR, LWE, and others, would immediately imply this primitive. Additionally, if we came up with a new assumption in the future, for example, a post-quantum secure assumption, and we could show that it implies one of these generic primitives, then we get all these interesting cryptographic primitives from this assumption for free. We do not need to go and show each of these primitives individually from each of these assumptions. So let's take a concrete example. In a very recent work, Coppula and Waters proposed a certain primitive called hinting PRGs. This is a beautiful primitive, and it is known to imply a generic conversion from CPA to CCA security for attribute-based encryption and predicate encryption. And in fact, in some more follow-up works, this primitive has been shown to have other interesting applications. Now, the authors showed that this primitive can be built concretely from the CDH and the LWE assumptions. In this work, we showed that this primitive can actually be built in a generic manner from a bounded input homomorphic weak unpredictable function. The advantage being that at least in terms of visibility results, this immediately implies that this primitive can be built from all these other assumptions. Now, this construction may not be the most efficient possible from these assumptions. And so if you are looking for efficiency, you might still want to go for direct constructions. But if all you are interested in is feasibility, then this seems to be a nice approach in some sense. So this is like a narrow-west approach, and these primitives seem to act as the TCPIP of cryptography in some sense. There's also an interesting cryptoplexity perspective of these results. Typically, in cryptography, we are interested in these two worlds, namely the mini-crypt and the cryptomania worlds. And the mini-crypt world is quite well understood in the sense that it consists of primitives that are implied by one-way functions. And that also, in some sense, imply one-way functions. So one-way functions are essentially mini-crypt complete. And it seems unlikely that we can have such a complete primitive for cryptomania. But an interesting question is, can we have some kind of a structural hierarchy between the primitives in cryptomania? So it seems that there is a hierarchy of the amount of structure that we need to get these primitives, and it would be nice to flesh out such a structure. So in this work, we actually try to flesh this out by imposing increasingly richer structure on some simple mini-crypt primitives and try to see what this implies. So we start off with a very simple notion, which we call as dual computability. I would encourage you to go through the paper for the details. But it turns out that this is almost exactly equivalent to two-party non-interactive key exchange and public key encryption in some sense. When we strengthen this further to input homomorphism, we see that we get all these new primitives. We strengthen this further to something called a ring-input homomorphism. That is, the homomorphism now doesn't hold over general groups but also over rings. And we see that this primitive is actually kind of equivalent to fully homomorphic encryption. And kind of the richest structure that we consider is something called an L-composable input homomorphic weak PRF, where you have L-different weak PRFs that compose with each other. And the homomorphism kind of transcends across these compositions. And we see that this is actually strong enough to imply something like a multi-party non-interactive key exchange. So it seems like there's a gradation of the structure that we need to achieve each of these primitives. And this gives us a kind of hierarchical view of the primitives in cryptomania. All right, so let me get to some techniques that we use. So this is something that we all are familiar with. This is a very simple two-party non-interactive key exchange based on the computational Diffie-Hellman assumption. Now you'll see that this construction, in some sense, uses the structure of the underlying group, namely the fact that the group is cyclic. And this plays a very important role in the efficiency of this construction. So we could, for example, try to have a slightly more inefficient construction and maybe try not to use the cyclic property of the group, which is that we have multiple generators, a very large number of them instead of a single generator. And then Alice essentially samples a secret exponent and exponents all these elements to this secret exponent. Now Bob does something different. Namely, Bob samples a string, a uniformly random string, binary string, and uses this to perform something like a subset product operation on these group elements. And then Alice simply goes ahead and exponents the elements and across by Bob with this secret. And Bob basically takes all the elements and across by Alice and performs the subset product using the same secret string. And in some sense, the exponentiation operation distributes over the subset product operation, which is why they both end up with the same quantity. And then they can basically extract a Goldrack-Levin hardcore bit from this. Now why is this secure? This is secure because by the leftover hash lemma, this quantity sent across by Bob is statistically indistinguishable from a uniformly random group element. And so by the computational Diffie-Helman assumption, the quantity computed by Alice and Bob is unpredictable. And so if we extract the hardcore bit from that, it's pseudo-random. And that contributes to the security of this protocol. Now we would like to take this inefficient protocol and show how to transform this from CDH to any generic input homomorphic weak unpredictable function. And the approach goes somewhat like this. On the left, we have this group.  On the right, we have this weak unpredictable function with the spatial structure on the input and output spaces. And we sample a number of uniformly random elements from the input space. In the CDH case, Alice sampled a secret key and exponentiated all these group elements to the same exponent. The corresponding operation that we do on the right-hand side is that Alice samples a secret key from the key space of the unpredictable function and applies this key to all the input elements that are publicly available. And Bob does something similar in both cases. In the CDH case, Bob performed a subset product of the publicly available group elements using a uniformly sampled string. On the right, Bob basically does something called like a subset sum. It's a subset group operation, essentially, on the publicly available elements in the input space. And the nice part is that in either case, we could apply the leftover hash lemma and argue that this group element created by Bob is statistically indistinguishable from random. So how does the overall protocol look like? So we have the description of this unpredictable function, which is publicly available, along with these very large number of uniformly sampled group elements. Alice samples a key, applies the key to all these group elements, and sends across the outputs to Bob. Bob samples a secret string and performs a subset group operation or the subset sum-like operation on the publicly available elements. And then Alice basically takes this element sent across by Bob and applies the secret key to it, while Bob takes the element sent across by Alice and performs a subset, again, a group operation, on the output space of the UF. And this is correct because of the homomorphism property. Namely, you could first perform a subset sum and then apply the UF. On the other hand, you could first apply the UF on all these individual elements and then perform the subset sum. And the homomorphism ensures that you have the same quantity. Now, how do we argue security? First of all, by the leftover hash lemma, these group elements sent across by Bob is statistically indistinguishable from random. And so even after you have seen the evaluation of the UF on several uniformly random elements, the evaluation of the UF on this quantity remains unpredictable. And so you can extract the gold-right-levin hardcore bit, and you have secure key exchange. It turns out that we can extend this approach to take any protocol that we know from CDH or DDH, and we can actually base it on a generic UF or a PRF with this special structure. The idea is to view this protocol in this form.    And the outputs of the left and right branches are guaranteed to be equal. In exactly the same way, you could start from a bunch of uniformly random input elements for the UF or the PRF. You could then perform subset sums, and then go for the function evaluation. Alternatively, you could evaluate the function directly on these elements, and then go for the subset group operation. And again, the left and right branches are guaranteed to be equal by the homomorphism property. And this kind of is the approach that we follow to show all these very nice primitives directly from these generic primitives. So to summarize, what we show in this talk is basically that you can build many rich crypto primitives starting from very weak generic assumptions, namely mini-crypt primitives with some kind of algebraic structure. The advantages of using this approach are twofold. Namely, you could automatically achieve potentially new crypto primitives from a very large number of concrete assumptions, including new ones, without trying to build this primitive explicitly from each of these assumptions. It also kind of presents to us a hierarchical view of the primitives in cryptomania in terms of the structure that seems to be inherent in achieving these primitives from different assumptions. And of course, I would like to stress that still, if you want efficient constructions, then this may not be the best approach. But if you want to test feasibility, then this seems to be a reasonable and economical approach to building crypto primitives from assumptions. I would like to end with some open questions. And I'd like to stress on a couple of them. The first being whether we can show some black box separations between the generic primitives that we discussed in this work. For example, could we show that a homomorphic one-way function is black box separated from an input homomorphic weak unpredictable function? This is interesting because this could essentially divide the world of cryptomania into what we could potentially call as different continents. And then you could have one complete primitive for each continent of cryptomania in some sense. The other interesting open question is whether we can consider other symmetry key primitives with structure. For example, what if the structure is on the secret space instead of the input space? In particular, what about key homomorphic pairs? It turns out that we did make some progress on this last question. And we do have a result which is to appear in crypto 2019. And I guess we'll hear more about this at Santa Barbara. So see you there. Thank you. And I would be happy to answer any questions that you might have. Any questions? We have plenty of time for questions. So my understanding of your Nike is that it's a generalization of regress encryption scheme for LWE. But as far as I know, you can't build Nike from LWE without your knowledge proofs because you need to prove that the shares are actually honestly generated. How do you get around that in your framework? Yeah, so basically what we do is we essentially use the two. So to instantiate this primitive, we first use a bounded input homomorphic weak unpredictable function. And we essentially use a super polynomial modulus of LWE to instantiate this primitive. Any more questions? OK, so well, if not, let's thank Sikhar and all of the speakers of this.


what's up guys we're back with another epic video today we have what appears to be a massive package and i took a little peek in here because i wasn't sure what this was it appears to be viewer mail this is insane this is crazy just real quick we're gonna do the giveaway then we're gonna get into this we're giving away a bpt 2003 xyz dragon canon all you have to do is like the video be subscribed and let me know what you think about this package what your favorite package etc etc there's a few different ones it's gonna be pretty cool so i'm gonna show you guys what's in here okay set open first so we're gonna open this first before we get into all this stuff open first we have the giveaway so there's an extra giveaway here then we have a note which doesn't seem to want to open here we go hey ruxin big fan of your channel i've been watching for a very long time my wife blames you for getting me back into the game lol i'm sorry i'm really sorry besides the 5d's packs there are two more surprises it's up to you if you want to open all of them in one video or separate i've been saving these for a while to send you so you could open them for me there's also a giveaway i sent some of my favorite cards for a lucky viewer to win thanks for this and i hope you can pull great cards ghost rare omar so omar sent these in let's see what he's gonna give you guys and then we're gonna show you what packs he's having open it's gonna be pretty good all right so before the giveaway the bonus giveaway we've got um oh some pretty cool cards you got the stardust levi in here the cypher blade dragon infinity and tgex or tgex five extra cards plus the vpt which is pretty cool all right so we're gonna be opening in this video a ton of different stuff we've got a uh dualist tin a crimson crisis special edition okay unwaid ghost packs raging tempus special edition ancient prophecy special edition okay stardust overdrive special edition okay what is this oh here's an opened the dualist genesis special edition that's what it looks like we have two sealed the dualist genesis special editions then we have some oh this looks like it came open but uh metal raiders special edition the cards are starting to come out here but that's not too big of a deal packs should be sealed dark crisis invasion of chaos we've got lob that's pretty awesome another lob another lob pharaoh servant and we have lob and dark crisis so all of that plus we have the extra packs whatever that is so we're gonna go like this so we got extra extra extra thank goodness i have this new setup so i can actually fit all this stuff here all right let's open this up we have some extra packs which look like okay that's lightning overdrive lightning overdrive first edition and some tune chaos okay that's gonna be fun so yeah this is gonna be a big opening okay so we have a ton of stuff sit back grab your popcorn you guys know what to do on these long videos this is gonna be crazy we're just gonna start opening i'm probably gonna try and save some of the nicer 5d stuff for the end uh maybe some lob stuff like that and we're just gonna run through it and see if we can pull something epic so this should be pretty fun a i meet you we've got the gone gold gold or whatever i don't know lighting overdrive okay back to it let's see what we can get um can we get the starlight black rose that would be pretty insane with the s4 stock tag curryway laval x lord okay all right let's try it out let's try one of the tune chaos real quick let's try that so we have an open tune chaos in quite a while so it could be pretty epic to pull something big here we go got the jib and i ablation oh sabertooth the sabertooth that used to be like a twenty dollar super rare in our favorite set dimension of chaos but maybe it was ultra rare it might have been ultra rare but it was a pretty big card got reprinted though it definitely hurt the values let's see we get the war rocks those are oh they're fantastic though the best all ruckson special classic how many ruckson specials in this video put your guesses in the comments we're gonna get through these like uh the special packs or like the extra packs early and then we'll get in all the special editions and stuff springens brothers a minister oh an ultra rare really yona the wondrous magistus which wardrobe that is a mouthful of a card i'm sure we pulled it at some point since we pulled like all the cards i think out of lightning overdrive at some point not not like the high rarities but we pull like the ulcers and stuff okay back to tune chaos can we get a collector rare that'd be pretty crazy the dm sublimation night i remember pulling that guy a lot we open like three cases of tune chaos it was pretty insane that was a fun set that was pretty fun and speaking of we're gonna be opening some king's court on whatnot tonight so go oh a collector rare it's the chaos datalus i think that's the worst one besides the sword but i mean we actually got a collector rare out of like three packs that's nuts okay it's a good start to the video but if you compare this to like let me get out one we pulled this collector rare to like this one just look how much better actually it kind of looks the same right there but you can't really see this one as well but yeah pretty cool that's a good start good start and get the pot of desires we were always looking for those but as i was saying tonight on whatnot we're opening some king's courts to go check it out my link will be in the description if you guys want to check out my whatnot it's pretty fun download the app get right to my profile follow me say the show all that stuff let's keep going we've got some a lot more epic packs this is gonna be a long long video or at least it's gonna be long before i edit it i might be editing out a lot of stuff because uh like all this opening like special editions and stuff is going to take a very long time so there's our extra extra cards and we have dark crisis what can we get here dog christ outstanding dog we got the non spellcasting the guardian caist and the kellbeck so just a regular rare in our well common in our rare spot let's go ahead and get into these dual tendencies they're already open so we might as well open them you know what i'm saying here we go all right we've got the eradicator epidemic virus which was a secret rare in force of the breaker that's kind of how they chose these special cards they did like secret rare from previous sets so it's kind of weird so let's go into the dualist genesis we could pull a ghost share stardust i mean that would be the craziest thing ever would it not here we go junk bearish remote revenge jute fighter lightwave tuning graceful revive oh there it is lightsworn saber it's after the after the rare i feel like these are just so confusing they're always either they're never where you think they are but those are lightsworn saber i think that's actually a pretty decent pull let's go into another one we'll take a super but we're really looking for like a big ghost rare stardust ultra you know ulti something like that we've got a genus psychic rejuvenation junk barrage beast of the pharaoh and defense straw ultimate rare stardust dragon oh i remembered at the last second it was going to be after the rare oh my goodness no way that is a huge pull for omar look at that look at that little ding on the back i mean who cares it's still a stardust but wow wow okay now i pulled the ghost rare that was out of the open special addition to not even the sealed one can you believe this pull this is my first time ever pulling an ultra or an ultimate rare pull the ultra only that is crazy that is so awesome this is a great start we've got a collector rare and look at look they're upside down we've got an ultimate rare stardust not just an ultimate rare a stardust dragon that is a huge pull oh my goodness we got an oyster myster this is a good start we have tons of packs left medium piece golem mind over matter okay this is what it would have been two out of three in that special edition that's pretty crazy it was already open okay next up let's go into a metal raiders blister pack this is the one that's kind of opened on the blister part but as we've seen the ones that were opened already kind of were uh they're kind of hitting they're hitting big okay we've got some uh random cards they're not even any foils or anything just rares and commons here we go let's see what we can get from mrd can we get the summon skull here we go dream clown blackland fire dragon and shield and sword shield and sword swamp battle god all right nothing crazy there let's open up this raging tempest i think this is this the original evenly match set is that what this is i can't remember no where's this this is zudiak's so are there are there any big cards in here i can't remember i really can't remember so we're just gonna go for like a secret rare because i think a secret rare is the highest rarity at this point masked hero blast and i've seen a lot of these cards from these special editions all right three raging tempest these are unlimited editions so i'm guessing there's nothing too crazy in here but it's getting to be like i think 2017 was when it came out so it might actually be sport something now bunny blast spiral tough a secret rare zudiak a broad bowl okay i don't think this guy's worth too much but that's a secret rare that's highest rarity in the set okay i think he's worth a couple blocks i think i'm right about that that's i mean that's a good pull that's a good pull because usually you get supers you want every pack but then you ultras are like one every 12 still no secrets are one every 12 and ultras are one every like four or something so it's the it's the hardest card to pull them that's why i don't really like about this era though is the hardest card you can pull is one every 12 so it's like not that rare and then they got crazy made at one every 600 with star lights oh there's a super rare okay those are guaranteed in this set okay raging tempest so i was right it's there's a zudiak and we pulled it okay arc fiend gun prize eater of millions ancient gear reborn and another super rare this is kind of like the dead era of like collecting to me it's like before after they had gochers was like 2015 to like 2019 when they added star lights there was like not much to collect it was like you're either playing and you're trying to pull those cards or like you don't get anything at all there's like nothing worth collecting because it's all so easy to pull okay it's time for an LOB pack with the luck we've had we might pull the blue eyes to be honest okay so thanks again omar i didn't i never said thanks for sending these in just to be open oh darkler con contact oh battle fader that's cool um just for sending him in to be open you guys can send in if you guys have epic packs like this like old school 5d's and you want me to open them send me a message and uh if it's something that'll make an epic video like this that i'm definitely interested in opening them for a video um fear is seeking so yeah it's it's just a it's fun for me the thing is i if it's like new sets probably not because i already opened so much of that but if you can send me some really cool stuff like this to open and even if you want it sent back like send your polls to you then i can usually do that okay we have ancient prophecy i'm gonna open this thing up okay so we have a solar recharge that's cool that's a light swarming card it's cool to see and we have three ancient fairy ancient prophecy ancient fairy dragons in here that is correct maybe we're gonna get the ultra rare ultimate rare and the ghost rare in one special edition black wing fain steel chain there we go pixie ring electronic magnet bar and a super rare beast king a barbaro sir okay that's cool that's cool all right so we got a black wing fain steel chain so that's good now we need a second one advanced drop oh earthbound immortal kisaloo kusaloo i don't know hopefully he cusses two okay i don't know ultra rare so we're two for two on the special edition that's pretty good okay only one fain steel chain though so not that crazy third pack let's see what we can do can we go three for three these special editions have been crazy so far scary moth infinity beast perial custom sunny pixie quacky mirror speeder okay we finally struck out the axon kicker which is an ultra and dual links but a common in the original set which is funny let's get into another blister we've got the l.o.b let's pull the blue eyes here we go we've got ninja cajun hopefully we'll pull the uh the rare ghost rare in one of these in uh one of the extra cards because i've heard of it happening besides just me so i know it's happened twice now we got the king fog electric whip frenzy panda he know thomas so no no luck with the l.o.b so far we're struggling we are struggling okay it's time for crimson crisis here we go look at this they have oh look the games they show the games on these special editions that's interesting may 2009 we're a little late we might be able to get there okay so we got oh a necro face that's actually like a five six dollar card i think it's got a weird texture to it super rare that's that's a good promo that's not guaranteed either i think there's a few different ones now we've got three crimson crisis packs guys can we pull what is it red the art red dragon archvina salt mode that's what we want ghost rare ebon arrow alien overlord okay and we're trying to mix up we got two more packs of crimson crisis i don't think i've ever pulled anything crazy out of crimson crisis to be honest now i'm think i don't think i have metaphysical regeneration ventral servant desert protector alien aminite okay this one's definitely not too crazy so far let's see what this third pack of new come on i mean necro face was a good one we've got an assault counter we've got trap eater prevention star dark tinker i love that guy bs core oh dimension fortress weapon it was after hard to keep up with these summer before summer after cards cannot be set from the deck to the graveyard sent from the deck to the graveyard interesting very kind of a random effect but you have to be on the field doesn't sound like good next we have this dualist pack collection which has four foil cards three duals packs and a duals revolution pack which is gonna be pretty cool okay let's open this thing up these are the ones i found in stores like like last year there were some of these in stores for like 10 bucks which was crazy because the duals revolution pack itself would like cover that all right there's the uh oh you think you'd get in takes to be a world champion i don't know maybe 2008 there's a house of champs winning around then okay all right cool little thing here then we have the packs and the promos so that's pretty cool so the promos have frozen fits jerald i think it's a few superheroes we're not gonna open this i'm gonna leave that sealed for him and then we're gonna open up the duals revolution and three duals pack you say three i don't think you say three has too many crazy cards the duals revolution is kind of what we're hoping for there is synchro material it's a super rare that's not guaranteed so that's actually pretty good we got a strategy card cool super rare synchro material two more packs here we go all right can i get this open there we go second booster sonic chick that's a classic five these card and the final you say three pack i don't open this set very much so it's uh nice to see this every once in a while damage eater i think stardust is in here as like a rare or something strong old guardian and school card okay and we have the dualist rev let's see if we can get a go-trick can we get effect valer ultimate rare can we get solemn warning can we get pot of awesome secret where we got the synchro fusion plant the archer scrap art being this guy is always in dualist revolution is it possible to open this without pulling this guy i don't think so he's a generic 2700 synchro though that's not that's not awful we got the synchro fusionist that guy's creepy and what pheasant let's open this invasion of chaos blister now we have an open invasion of chaos in this video it's gonna be pretty big pretty epic we've got a hi ate the earth star when rose zombie master that's cool there's some old cards in your gold series art ioc chaos sorcerer which goes well with the ioc pack that's pretty cool maybe we'll pull another chaos card out of here you know what i'm saying you know that chaos that we're looking for maybe a soldier like sort of a bls or a dark mirror force and then it nice a compulse that's actually pretty good dark mirror force we don't pull this one too often that's pretty cool ultra rare it doesn't have too much value but it looks insane let me just backwards mirror force pretty cool we still have two dual genesis special edition so we're going to go ahead and get into one we've already pulled the stardust dragon so uh can we get the ghost anybody down is anyone interested in the ghost yes i am interested in pulling it the promo is heracle no school we've seen that guy before when we did a break of the was it a whole special edition i think it was we opened a bunch of these that was fun we didn't pull stardust though which is you know not as fun this is way more fun cranium doctor cranium guy love him dart the dark charmer that's a good one what is that or something on him too that's weird telekinetic charting cell and the domino effect all right we're slowing down on our duals genesis i get it you don't want to give us the ghost rare we want it here we go overworked turbo booster tricky spell for oyster meister the tricky sort of kuzanagi a lot of tricks are being played here third pack of the special edition come on i believe in the ghost rare here we go krebs medium piece golem junk bed dodge remote revenge trap of darkness and niter on synchro nitro synchron all right not the most exciting car it's not a it's a soda can with a little faucet on it interesting all right let's do dark crisis let's see what we can get here well that one opened very easily we've got some super rare so far nothing too crazy in these extra cards which is not surprising then we have dcr can we pull it exodia neck cross or vampire lord i've never pulled that either shadow knight archvine checkmate ojama trio and the luna light or luna tight i should say okay start us overdrive let's see what we can do here stardust overdrive special edition all right our promo card is the tempest magician that's a cool card cross was a chaos secret rear and start us overdrive packs here we go let's pull something epic can we get it was a majestic star know what it is i think tilian spawn raging mad plants and the regulus okay salt air magician two more packs so vr we don't open this too much i still have some of this on my website so check out ruxen34.com if you're interested in buying some it can be open on the channel or it can be opened uh at your home majestic dragon this got a reprint this used to be like 11 bucks for a super rare which is insane so i'm guessing it's gone down now after the reprint in the most recent set literally um but yeah that was actually a pretty good pull for a while final so vr so vr had so many high cards and for no reason like like a pointer of the red lotus when it was like 20 common and stuff tack pheromones ultimate rare explosive magician check that out oh my goodness what an opening that looks insane i don't know the value on this thing but look at that wow that looks good oh my goodness all right we have a pharaoh's servant pack we only have like six more packs total in this huge opening so hope you guys have enjoyed i hope your popcorn was tasty somebody was telling me about their popcorn in the comments to the day that they heated up too dark crisis original rears that's cool got uh brine gear okay let's get that ginzo let's get that buster blader here we go attack and receive mr volcano minor goblin official flame champion shallow grave wing reaver and island turtle okay that's fine that's fine that's fine okay let's go one l will be then we'll do the special edition then we'll do the last lob to end it let's see if we can get omar more epic cards it's already been crazy so oh ancient rule secret that's actually pretty silver's cry we've got some uh blue eyes support we like that rhyme style loves that oh look at all these traps to imperial order two magic cylinder and one mirror force and borough load that's not a bad little uh little hand right there hand of uh cards we pulled i don't know what i'm saying about hand okay here we go lob we've pulled nothing from loby yet teat dragon silver bone arrow tear the terrible all right saving it for the end beaver warrior and super fang right next to each other that's a good pack last special edition here we go let's see what we can get guys make sure you guys like this video subscribe if you've enjoyed it because we've got more old school epic openings and uh we're getting close to 100k so keep hitting that like and subscribe button all right our promo another hero clean house okay and three packs and then we have lob here we go been a pretty crazy opening but can we top it off with more craziness oh this is getting destroyed dual soon as this feel different than like any other pack it's weird dart the dart charm we got jungler ash fish step charge small piece golem ezenami and quill bald hedgehog all right we're on a cold street we started two for two on the duals genesis i think we've hit maybe one we've hit one super since we've got the mirror of yata small piece golem turbo booster lights worn barrier here we go made in macabre and psychic snail psychic snail okay all right final the dualist genesis it's been good to us we pulled the ultimate rare stardust which was insane can we pull the ghost rare right here right now here we go sci impulse we got the destructo tron dr cranium mirror of yata grapple blocker here we go come on kinoichi okay saving it for a little bit i see what is saving it for a little bit in the final pack of this long video i don't it's at 33 minutes uncut so i mean there's been a lot of package opening i assume it's gonna be like in the low 20s at this point could be wrong though it's definitely still pretty long so we've got the uh spell power grass the curry bandit man eater bug let's go all the insect queen where is what parasite where's the petite pecanio moth what was the italian name again i can't remember oh you guys haven't seen that video yet spoilers you'll see it soon i think tomorrow maybe all right here we go green phantom king larvis machine conversion factory polymerization what a way to end it that's pretty good our only foil out of the llb packs but it's a good one we will take that super rare polymerization one of the best in the set so it's pretty awesome all right so our foils besides the promos we have a lightsworn saber the beast king dimension fortress necrophase was a promo but it's a really good one so i pulled it out synchro material scrap archfiend nitro synchron majestic dragon used to be like 10 11 dollars polymerization is a great one then for our ultras we got the rilona dark mirror force is one of our um old school ultra pulls then we got the earthbound immortal that's cool a secret rare zudiac broad bull not many secret rears in this opening because a lot of them couldn't even have secret rears but chaos datalus was i mean we got a collector rare it was it's a pretty bad one but it's still a collector rare from doing chaos was really cool then we got an ultimate rare explosive magician and star dust dragon ultimate rare this is insane first time i've pulled it i'm so hyped about it i hope you guys enjoyed this video it was insane it was pretty long there's a lot of epic packs we had some great pulls if you did make sure to like the video subscribe also check out my whatnot in the link in the description we're doing king's court auctions there so you guys can get some packs hopefully we'll pull another god card and some epic collector rears and that's it for this video i'll see you guys later peace


I just wanted to make a quick video today, because I need to make a public apology. I need to apologize to the main dev of InstantOS and Instant Window Manager, because I reviewed InstantOS on the channel a couple of weeks ago, and the video I did was quite negative. In fact, it was extremely negative. It was a completely unfair look at InstantOS, because I completely just trashed the project. The reasons behind that are, for one thing, InstantOS and Instant Window Manager are not really geared for somebody like me. It's a beta quality tiling window manager, so it's beta software. But its signature feature is it has these weird animations. It's got some whizbang animations that happen when you launch windows and close windows and things like that. That's not really for somebody like me. It's probably geared more toward new to tiling window manager users. It's probably trying to lure those people away from fancy desktop environments like GNOME or KDE Plasma or something like that. It's trying to lure them into the tiling window manager world. For those of us that are used to tiling window managers, Instant Window Manager probably doesn't provide you anything, because you probably don't want all the whizbang effects. And also, Instant Window Manager didn't have a proper config file. You can't really edit it. The point of a tiling window manager, of course, is to configure your own window manager. But just because it's not software really geared for somebody like me, I can still review it in an impartial way. I review things all the time on this channel that I would never use in real life. And I can be fair to these projects. But what made this particularly bad for Instant OS and Instant Window Manager was, I took a look at it in a VM, and the VM that I ran it in was Vert Manager. The graphics drivers in Vert Manager did not want to work well with Instant OS and Instant Window Manager. Windows took light years to open and close. It was excruciatingly slow. The keyboard was slow. Key presses were registering seconds later, or sometimes key presses weren't registering at all. And it was just painful to use this thing. It made me physically angry because of how slow that particular VM was. And then you compounded on the fact that it's not really a project or a window manager I would normally use in real life anyway. And that video was just completely unfair. And the dev for Instant OS did make a response video. And his name is Paper Benny. And he did this response to DistroTube here, where he goes over every critique I had in my video, and how he has addressed that problem in the latest beta. He just released a new beta. And he has fixed most of the criticisms that I had in my video. Of course, the big one is the VM problem. And that really is just on me.  But you know, I just assumed it was probably that slow on everything. And I shouldn't have made that assumption because you know what assuming does. So if I pull up Instant OS, the latest beta that was just released here, this time in virtual box, and let me see if I can log in here. Look what happens now. This was not here a couple of weeks ago. Now the virtual machine as Hey, would you like us to switch to a 1080p screen resolution? So the dev added this because I had to manually, you know, set this with X render. But now the machine resizes and it resizes the wall paper and it resizes everything perfectly. The performance here inside virtual box, of course, you know, the animations opening and closing work now. And let's see if I can change the layout show you some of the animations when the windows go to the side. You know, it's it runs just fine. It's not horribly slow or anything. It's actually kind of peppy for what it's doing graphically. The other really big criticism I had is the terminal emulator because you know, super enter brings up a terminal. I do most of my stuff at the terminal. And I had a real problem with that terminal. I thought it was URX VT. I tried to configure it. I never could get it to configure. And, you know, I couldn't figure out some of the default key bindings for zooming in and zooming out and things like that. And the problem was their default terminal is not URX VT. This is actually ST. Why did I think it was URX VT? Well, when you go into their menu system, let's see if I can click on something. And, you know, if you do a search for ST, you know, ST is actually not anywhere here. You guys see ST? I don't. When I search for terminals, I saw URX VT and X term. And I just assumed it's got to be URX VT. It's got some transparency to it. And so X term doesn't really have a true transparency. So your default terminal is ST. Why is it not in your menu? So that's one thing the devs probably want to address. If I just do a search for term, maybe it's no, it's still not here. So ST is not in that main menu there. But I'm not going to spend too much time here with Instant OS today. What I want you guys to go do is I want you to go check out this video here. He spent about 15 minutes demonstrating to you guys everything about Instant OS and Instant Window Manager, how it runs on proper equipment. And, you know, again, he addresses all the problems that I had and most of them have been fixed in this latest beta. So guys, go check out Paper Benny and this video. I'm going to link to it in the show description. And again, I just want to publicly apologize to Paper Benny and all the people that work on Instant OS and Instant Window Manager. I know better than to do what I did the other day. And once the world gets back to normal, if our paths ever cross Paper Benny, I owe you a beer. And before I go, I need to thank a few special people. I need to thank Michael, Gabe, Pablo, Nate, Corbinian, Mitchell, Entropy UK, Arch 5530, Chris, Chuck, DJ, Donnie, Dylan, George, Omri, Paul, Sean, Tobias, and Willie. These guys, they are the producers of the show. They're my highest tiered patrons over on Patreon. The show is also brought to you by each and every one of these ladies and gentlemen, all these names you see on the screen. This is all my supporters over on Patreon, because this channel has no corporate sponsors. This channel is sponsored by you guys, the community. If you'd like to support my work, you'll find DistroTube over on Patreon. Peace.


In this video, we provide the solution to question number 13 for practice exam three for math 1030, in which case, given the weighted voting system with a quota of 11 and five players whose weights are respectively five, four, three, two, one, we need to find the bonds off power distribution for this weighted voting system. So we're gonna start computing all of the winning coalitions possible, right? We have to get up to 11. So let's think of those winning coalitions that involve player one. So if you have player one, for example, you could do player one, player two, they only give you nine, that's not quite enough. You could do player three. So that'll give you player one, player two, and player three. Collectively, they would have 12 points, so that is enough by themselves. But if you lost any one of them, you would not have a winning coalition. So that gives you a critical count of each one, each player is a critical player in that situation. You could also get away with five, four, and two. That adds up to be 11. So you could do player one, player two, and player four. Since the total weight is exactly 11, again, each of the players in that situation are critical. All right, let's see, if you did five, four, and just one, that only gives you 10, so that's not quite good enough. So those are all the minimal ones. I guess you also could do five, three, that gives you eight plus two is 10 plus one. So you could do the coalition, we have player one, player three, player four, player five. Again, in that situation, the exact count is 11. So that would be a winning coalition for which everyone is critical in that situation as well. Those are all the minimal winning coalitions that involve player one. Now, of course, if you add more players to them, that also works. Like if you take this one here, player one, two, and three, you could also do players one, player two, player three, player four. That would be a winning coalition. You could also do players one, two, three, and five. So if you add them, that would be a winning coalition. So just adding people to that one. If this one, if you added player three, you just get back this one, add player five. We haven't done that one yet. Player one, player two, player four, player five. Like so. And then let's see who else. Player one, player three. Again, you could add three, which is said gives you this one, you could add five, which gives you this one. And then, of course, you have everyone. So player one, player two, player three, player four, player five. Like so. And so this gives us, let's see, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, seven winning coalitions. These are all the winning coalitions. So I was searching first for the minimal winning coalitions. Because after all, if you don't have, if you don't have player five, can you make this work? So you can get four plus three, which is seven, plus two, which is nine, plus one, which is 10. You can't do it. So you do have to have player five. Player five does have veto power. So they're gonna have a huge power distribution going on there, okay? Notice that no other player has veto power in this situation because we can make it work. For example, without player two, and we've seen all the other ones as well. Now we do need to finish our critical counts here. So because player one has veto power, we're gonna see that player one has a critical count in everything. But let's keep on going here. Player two, we're looking at this one. The total count of this thing right here, if you take one, two, three, and four, the total count, let's say you get nine, the plus three is 12, plus two is 14. If you remove two, it's still bigger. If you remove three, it's still bigger. So it turns out that players three and four are not critical on this one, but you do need player two, all right? Because player one, three, and four by themselves don't work. That's not a winning coalition. Then look at the next one here. If you do one, two, three, that is a winning coalition. So you don't need five. If you do one, two, five, that doesn't work on our list. So one, two, five is not a winning coalition. So that makes this one critical. If you do one, three, five, that also doesn't work as well. So you get a critical player there. Looking at this one right here, player one is critical, like I said. If you remove player two, you get player one, four, and five that doesn't win. So you need player two. If you get rid of player four, you get one, two, five, which doesn't work either. And then if you get rid of player five, you do get one, two, four that works. So player five is not critical in that situation. So the next, let's look at the final coalition here. Player one is gonna work. If you remove player two, that does work right here. So player two is not critical. And since player two has four votes, if the other one, if player four didn't work, the other ones aren't gonna work either. So it turns out player one is the only critical one in that one there. So let's then keep track of what we now have done. So with our players, player one, I'll do a different color to make this stand out a little bit better. So player one, player two, player three, player four, and player five. So player one was an E to the seven. So one, two, three, four, five, six, seven. So the critical count for player one is seven. With regard to player two, we get one, two, three, four, and five. So we get five there. For player three, we get one, two, three, and that's just it. So we get three for its critical count. For player four, we get one, two, three as well. And then for player five, we end up with one right here, and that is it. So there's only one like so. So we have to add these all together, seven plus five plus three plus three plus one is 19. So that is the total, that's the total critical count for the whole system there. And so then putting this all together, the bonds off power distribution, your BPI index there, this is going to be seven over 19, which gives us 36.8%, five over 19, which is going to give us 26.3%. You get three over 19, which is going to give us 15.8%. The next one's also three over 19, so that's also 15.8%. And then finally, you get one over 19, which is going to give us 5.3%. And that then gives us the bonds off power distribution for this weighted voting system.


Welcome to all hands update, this is today's news. The US Naval Research Laboratory completed testing of specific algorithms used to keep unmanned sailplanes with limited battery power in the air for longer flights. Future testing will focus on efforts to make multiple aircraft actively so in the same thermal at the same altitude. Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus announced the first ship of the next generation of fleet replenishment oilers will be named USNS John Lewis. John Lewis is named after the Civil Rights Movement Hero and current US Representative of Georgia's 5th Congressional District. Military Sealift Command will operate the future of John Lewis to provide underway replenishment of fuel and stores to Navy ships at sea. Construction on John Lewis is expected to begin in 2018. Read more about what's happening around your Navy at navy.mil.


Good morning John. Catherine and I have been getting up at what I consider to be a sort of evil time of the day every morning for the last couple weeks and going on a walk. I find this to be wonderful. We get to talk about what's going to happen today, what's bugging us. It gives me time to think about big decisions or new ideas or just sing songs to myself or out loud, whatever. Every morning there's a different song in my head and I find this to be true all the time actually. Pink, Rocky Horror, Lamb Chop, Maxbox 20. Always, there's always one there. Why is that? Why is my brain set up for there to always be a song in it? Just waiting for me to like check it and see like what is it right now? Oh, Bonnie Rait. Let's give him something to talk about. Anyway, I really like doing this thing. It has made my life noticeably better. I'm less stressed out and the sunrises can be pretty great. But every morning when I get out of bed to put on my long underwear on and jump into the frigid pre-dawn Montana air, there is nothing in the world that I want to do more than get back into that warm, soft bed. I live an amazingly pampered life. There are hundreds of people all around my town who will for a small fee make food for me and then clean up after me. There are several different holes in my house that hot water falls out of whenever I want it to. And for the last eight years or so, I've had a job that allows me to get out of bed whenever I want. And so I have slept in the majority of those days. But I have pretty good evidence that staying in bed does not actually make me happier or feel better. So every single morning the question is pretty pressing. Do I do the thing that will make me happy right now or the thing that will make me happier in the long term? Not even that long term really. We're talking like 20 minutes from now.  Because me now doesn't care about me 20 minutes from now. I just want to get back in the bed. I've also been thinking about this ever since I made that video about vegetarianism and how I am not a vegetarian despite the fact that I should be and I know I should be.  Dumbledore said it himself. You got to choose between what is right and what is easy or something like that. And I feel you vegetarians who were mostly very nice and sometimes not at all. I have no scientific evidence for this. But sometimes I feel like you can only do so many things you don't want to do before you just accidentally eat a whole ice cream cake. I'm amazed by some people's ability to do hard things all day long forever. Particularly parents. I don't know how this happens. I'm amazed by you. But it's hard to do the hard thing. That's why they call it the hard thing. And it's harder for some people to do the hard thing than others. And it's harder at some times than other times. I haven't had sad times lately despite the fact that there's going to be a new Harry Potter book and also we confirmed the existence of gravitational waves, which are like two of the hankiest good newses ever. I'm not even going to talk about why I haven't had sad times because it's too sad. So I'm going to put it in the description. But I do know that what I should do are the things that help me do the hard thing more. Showing myself every morning that I'm happier because I did a thing I didn't want to do. Working on my ability to consciously be doing a positive effect on myself and also on the people in the world around me is really important. And I always want to be driving toward that. But I also don't want to hate myself when I mess up. And I have no tips for how to not do the easy thing in any given moment except to just do it and not let your conscious mind get too caught up in that decision. Because man, it's good at rationalizing and being like, you know, you can go back to bed. Don't worry about it. You can get up in about 15 more minutes by which I mean two and a half hours. Just jump into that cold pool of the thing you don't want to do.  John, I'll see you on Tuesday.


The dollarization, the end of the US dollar supremacy. There has been a lot of talk lately about an imminent decline of the US dollar as the world's reserve currency. Countries around the world are decreasing their dependence on the US dollar. New digital currencies are rising to challenge the US dominated fiat system. But is the decline of the US dollar really happening? And if so, how fast? And most importantly, what are the assets that could replace the dollar or at least benefit from its demise? We address all these questions in this video. Before we start, as always, don't forget to like the video, subscribe to our channel and turn on the notification bell to stay up to date with our next videos. I'm Giovanni Rost and this is a Cointelegraph Report. So first of all, what is a reserve currency? A reserve currency is a foreign currency that is held in large quantities by a country's central bank. The central bank uses it for carrying out international transactions and settling international debts and obligations. The US dollar is currently the world's dominant reserve currency, meaning the vast majority of international transactions happen via the US dollar. But the dollar hasn't always been the world's reserve currency. In modern history, there have been six major global reserve currencies. Their status depended on the global influence of the country that issued them. The British pound was the dominant currency for most of the 19th century, when the British empire's global influence was at its peak. It started to decline after World War I, which heavily impacted the British economy. On the contrary, the United States came out stronger from the war, and its status of global power was on the rise. With the Bretton Woods Agreement in 1944, the US dollar officially became the world's reserve currency. Since then, bilateral trade between most countries has been happening via the US dollar. The US dollar was fully backed by America's gold reserves until 1971, when President Richard Nixon abandoned the gold standard. From that point on, the value of the dollar would not be backed by gold, but just by faith in the US status as a global superpower and financial stability. Now let's fast forward to the present. In the last two decades, the US dollar's dominance as a reserve currency has been steadily declining. From representing about 70% of all global reserves in 2000, it is now down to less than 60%, and the trend continues to move in that direction. Now there are a few reasons for that. One is the emergence of other major currencies that are challenging the dollar as an instrument for international trade. Launched in 1999, the euro is currently the world's second largest reserve currency. Also, the rise of China as the world's second largest economy has boosted the U1 as an instrument for international transactions. But a major turning point happened last year, when the US imposed unprecedented sanctions on Russia as a response to the invasion of Ukraine. Russia lost access to $300 billion in its reserves, which were frozen by the US government and its allies. That sent a warring alarm to governments around the world, which became aware of the risk of defending too much on the US dollar. Since then, a number of countries not aligned with the US-led Western Bloc have been looking for alternatives to the dollar. Over this year, the U1 became China's main currency for cross-border transactions. The United Arab Emirates and India are exploring the use of rupees to trade non-oil commodities. Meanwhile, the BRICS nations are planning to create their own currency for international trade. To better understand this diversification trend, we talked to Zhong Yuan Zouiliu, a fellow for international political economy at the Council on Foreign Relations. What we are observing is actually the development of an alternative global financial and monetary or currency system that is not necessarily dominated by the US dollar or, for that matter, the US government. These activities, they started before Western sanctions against Putin and his regime. And now the big question, does all of this mean that the US dollar will really lose its status as a global reserve currency? To answer, we need to take a closer look at the potential competitors. The Euro, the second largest reserve currency, is still far from challenging the US dollar dominance, and it is not gaining any additional traction in international trade. Mainly, the reason is that the European Union is still perceived as a very much fragmented political entity within a certain future. The strongest contender to the dollar is probably the Chinese Yuan, considering the assent of China as a global power and the world's second largest economy. Still, China is an authoritarian country with very strict capital controls. That prevents the Yuan from becoming widely used in international transactions. China is the largest trading economy in the world since 2010. A lot of the Chinese policymakers complained about the mismatch between the rule of the renminbi as a yen international trade versus China's trading position. Finally, the British pound and the Japanese yen do not have the depth and liquidity to form the backbone of the world's financial system. Basically, no existing fiat currency has the characteristics to take over the US dollar's role as a world reserve currency. Some analysts see gold as the asset that will benefit the most from the de-dollarization process. Last year, the amount of gold bought by central banks increased by 152%. The reason for that is simple. Gold has a 5,000-year track record as a store of value and is seen as a safe heaven asset against geopolitical risk and high levels of inflation. To get a deeper understanding of this trend, we talked with senior commodity strategist at Bloomberg, Mike McGlone. I do think there's a churn trend for central banks to accumulate gold. I don't think that's going to stop. It's going to continue. That's partly as a response to the war and maybe is what people calling the US using the dollar as a weapon. I think gold's going to break out and go much higher. It's around $2,000 an ounce at the moment trading this at the end of May. And I think it's going to go to $3,000 an ounce. Another asset that could benefit from the de-dollarization process is, of course, Bitcoin. Bitcoin is often described as the digital version of gold because of its limited supply. Like gold, Bitcoin doesn't depend on any government, which potentially makes it an attractive asset for countries that want to diversify their reserves. The Salvador has been buying Bitcoin as part of its reserves after making it a legal tender in 2021. However, Bitcoin is a still nascent asset. It is highly volatile and widely perceived as risky. That still prevents major organizations and central banks from using it as a reserve asset. Eventually central banks will buy Bitcoin, but we're very far from that. It's just too small of a market, still very volatile for the central banks. The US dollars decline as a global reserve currency is definitely happening. It's a natural consequence of the increasing amount of challenges to America's status as a superpower. However, it will be a gradual process and at least at the moment it doesn't look like any other currency can replace the dollar. The most likely scenario would be the emergence of a more diversified system where a number of currencies and assets will be gaining share over the dollar as part of countries reserves and in international trade. As we saw, gold is already gaining traction. Bitcoin, which shares many of the characteristics of gold, will likely benefit from this process as well. It just needs time to mature and establish itself as a widely adopted mainstream asset. That's all for today's video, thank you for watching, I'm Giovanni your host, see you next time.


Well, for years, the Old Deer Lake Elementary School in the Bemidji School District has sat empty, but the bell may sound again at the old school. Josh Peterson shows us how a local charter school is looking to possibly revive the old building. The last time the Deer Lake Elementary School bell rang was in the spring of 2001, and ever since the school building has set empty, tucked away in the Northwoods. But this quiet scene could soon be replaced with the sound of children once again. You know, one of the big appealing factors of that campus is the 25 acres of forest that's out there. You know, we think that's going to be a really ideal environment for particularly younger kids. Trek North originally was planning on building its K-5 school on the same grounds as the junior and senior high school. However, those plans fell through, leading Trek North to the old Deer Lake School building. Last year, three sons' research moved into the facility and stepped forward to help Trek North. With a school building that is set in the heart of the Northwoods, Trek North sees it as a perfect fit. The woods will offer a major advantage, I think, for growing our OAP program down into the younger grades. While the school's setting is a good fit with Trek North's programming, the building itself is structurally sound. However, major renovations would still be needed. If Trek North was to purchase this property, a lot of work would need to be done to restore this property back to being an elementary school. This area that you see right here behind me used to be the playground, one of the many areas that would need to be redone. Many of the playground's original putting still remain, and while the building and utilities are in working condition, changes to the layout of the classrooms would need to be made. With the way that the interior of that school is designed right now, it would require a pretty significant renovation for it to be suitable for our program. And so, we don't want to pay to renovate a building that we don't own. Trek North has its eyes set on the future and are looking to have the kindergarten through fifth grade program running by the fall of 2018, meaning that the old Deer Lake School Bell could sound again in the near future. In Babiji, Josh Peterson, Lakeland News. Trek North is hoping to have a decision on the possible purchase of the school within the next couple of weeks. If Trek North does purchase the Deer Lake School, renovations are expected to happen later this summer. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


Welcome back, up until now we were looking at heat transfer devices as open systems. Then we looked at work transfer devices as open systems where we looked at turbines and compressors, we looked at their H's diagrams and here we assumed that the open system was adiabatic that is there is no heat transfer. Then we looked at an adiabatic nozzle where the main purpose was to increase the velocity of the fluid. We look at another adiabatic device now where we do not expect either heat transfer, work transfer or an increase in velocity. We just expect the fluid to flow through a duct and you realize that a duct is a very common system in many engineering systems. We have ducts going from the boiler to the turbine, we have ducts which are connecting compressors to condensers and etc. So we can have a simple open system as a duct where we have an inlet and exit. Of course we expect that whenever we have a duct if it is well insulated the q dot is 0, we do not expect any work transfer from it and it is not a nozzle where we expect the velocity to increase. And hence we will write the first law as follows just writing q dot minus w dot s is equal to m dot h e minus h i plus v e square by 2 minus v i square by 2 plus g z e minus z i and we draw a schematic of the duct. Let us say this is the system, there is an inlet, the duct probably went out like this, we do not know. There is a change in z, there could be a change, so there is a change in z, there could be a change in the velocity and there could be a change in h e. But overall we expect that it is well insulated and this is nearly equal to 0. We definitely do not expect shaft work out, there is no work output expected, so this we put as 0.  So this is what we get from this situation. Now if we think of a situation where the temperature does not change and it is a fluid like an ideal gas, the u also does not change and since h is equal to u plus p v, we say if, so this is an if here, if u i equal to u e probably because the temperature does not change, then instead of h we can remove the u and write only p v here and since p v can be written as p by rho, we would have an equation instead of h i, we would write p i by rho i, the remaining terms would be the same and this would of course on the right side be equal to p e upon rho e plus v e square by 2 plus g z e. Now this is a reasonably familiar equation, if one has studied fluid mechanics, this is nothing but the Bernoulli equation. One should of course notice that in fluid mechanics, this equation was derived from the momentum equation along a streamline. Here we have used the energy equation, the first law for open systems derived. So, one can look at how the procedure was to derive this equation in fluid mechanics and here, but this is what we get for a simple fluid flowing through a duct and this is of course an adiabatic system. We could write down the second law in this case and since q dot is 0, we would get that s e actual is probably greater than or equal to s i, which is what it will always turn out for an adiabatic system and an adiabatic open system I should say. Thank you.


My commander called me while I was enjoying some leisure time with my family and he asked me if I, if I mind going on this deployment with him.  And then he said it's going to Saudi Arabia. We're going back to set up the very first operation there since 2003. If you go to work and you make sure an airman has the things needed to do their job, if you make sure that airman is happy, make sure that airman wants to contribute to the mission, then airman will always give you 200% on the job. That is my role as a first sergeant. Single day. Good stuff brother. Thank you. Awesome, awesome. You know, we go places, we take care of business, we rock and roll with the Air Force mission, we launch jets, we do all those things, but my time here was a real feel of a deployment. We rely on each other. We've seen it develop from four rows of tents to a big thriving tent city ready to take on the Air Force mission.


You need a financial advisor with the freedom to focus on your specific needs. Whatever your goals, Reid Potter can create a game plan tailored to you. Call Reid at 432-0777 at Pikeville, Kentucky to learn more. The Pikeville Rotary Club is now accepting donations for their third annual nursing home project. This project ensures nursing home residents throughout Pike County receive new clothes and hygiene products. The Pikeville Rotary Club works to find the greatest need in the community and wait for it to respond to those needs. And whenever we reach out to the nursing homes in 2020 when it first started, the need was tremendous. And so we knew this was the way to bring the community together to provide gifts, much needed gifts for the residents. The club is currently accepting physical and monetary donations at First National Bank located on Cassidy Boulevard. We provide a gift bag for each one of the residents and we work to sort those items to provide the best gifts that we can for them. They include clothing, socks, pajamas, house shoes, activity items, toiletries such as razors and lotions and body wash. For more information on the nursing home project, go to Pikeville Rotary Club on Facebook. For Mountain Top News, I'm Brianna Robinson.


Let me show you how it's done like six inches and then like 12 and then you get like three and a half see It's all about geometry. Listen it alternates solid and stripes. It says so in the official rules Well, I tried I didn't even hit it so we move it a mark We were down at the bar the other day and he actually ate one of his hole. It was terrifying. All right Let's let's get this started. Can't see her all night. I mean Here you go is it ball in hands foul make sure you get low joke up on the handle brick That's a scratch I win Hey Ricky Yeah, what's your favorite spider-man? Tobium of wire is the only good spider-man. That's wrong. It's me wrong I'm spider-man and this is me telling you everybody in the world that I'm spider-man and now as it happens I have a huge burgeoning legal Fee I need to pay off immediately as of the last four seconds Can you help us out at patreon.com slash door monster so I can make the world forget that I'm spider-man with lawyer money But if you're spider-man, who's Peter Parker? I don't know who that is. Oh We just let him in the house


Return of the Blue Marble, presented by Science at NASA. As Mark Twain once said, distance lends enchantment to the view. This definitely holds true for the Deep Space Climate Observatory, or Discover, a new space weather mission from NOAA that also carries NASA instruments to keep an eye on Earth. Launched in February 2015, Discover is now a million miles from Earth where we can look back and see half our planet all at once. The view-prompted President Obama to tweet just got this new Blue Marble photo from at NASA, a beautiful reminder that we need to protect the only planet we have. The first Blue Marble photos taken by Apollo astronauts nearly 50 years ago sparked a new awareness of Earth as a fragile sphere of dazzling beauty floating alone in a dangerous void, worthy of careful stewardship. They energized grassroots green movements and inspired young scientists who would go on to investigate climate change, forecast weather, and much more. None of the modern Earth-observing satellites, however, can see the entire sunlit side of Earth all at once. They're too close. Satellites in low Earth orbit collect high-resolution images swath by swath on consecutive overpasses. To see the whole Earth, the pieces have to be stitched together from pieces obtained at different instants all at the same local time. Geostationary satellites can see the entire planet and let us watch the Earth evolve by using multiple satellites to build a full picture. These satellite systems typically only get observations during the day. Adam Sabo, Discover project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, says, the Discover mission provides a new and complementary view of Earth. Discover floats at the first Sun-Earth Lagrange point, L1, a sort of gravitational parking spot for spacecraft. Here the gravitational pull of the Sun and Earth cancel out, providing a quasi-stable orbit. It's the perfect spot for Discover's camera to capture full sunlit disc images of Earth in one picture all at the same instant from sunrise to sunset. By capturing full disc images in 10 wavelengths approximately every 1.8 hours, Discover can answer questions about daily variations on the Earth. For example, it can help researchers understand the ozone layer and the variability of cloud cover from sunrise to sunset. Discover will also help scientists track aerosols. Sabo tells us it can see massive dust clouds moving from the Sahara desert to the southern U.S. and Central America. And it can see smoke from large forest fires in remote northern Canada where nobody keeps an eye out. L1 Discover will also be in perfect position to look out for a very real external threat. The ionized pieces of the Sun, it hurls our way, which are known as coronal mass ejections. Discover will be the nation's first operational space weather satellite in deep space. A partnership between NASA, NOAA, and the U.S. Air Force, this mission's primary objective is, in fact, to help NOAA provide timely space weather alerts and forecasts. The observatory also offers a rare view of the Moon. Because the Moon is tidally locked to Earth, only one side is visible from our planet. The unseen far side was shrouded in mystery until 1959 when the Soviet Luna 3 spacecraft swung around the Moon and photographed it from behind. This feat is repeated by the current high-resolution U.S. Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera, or LROC. Discover will observe the far side about twice a year as the observatory periodically crosses the orbital plane of the Moon. Discover's first images of the Moon transiting Earth in July were a social media sensation. Since Discover began regular observations, NASA is posting daily color images of Earth to a dedicated public website. These images, showing different views of the planet as it rotates through the day, will be available 12 to 36 hours after they are acquired. These are the first true color Earth images where the colors are adjusted to closely match what the average human eye would see. Find Discover's daily images at epic.gsfc.nasa.gov. Stay tuned for more about these enchanting photos of the Blue Marble at science.nasa.gov.


It's not for you, it's for Gina. Monkey, come. Hi Gina, it's Mike here. So we're coming up to Valentine's Day and I thought, or we thought, it would be quite fun to send you six items in this little envelope that you can use to create a Valentine-themed mixed media project. Whatever you do, it's up to you. It could be a canvas, it could be a page, a journal page, it could just be some cards. Who knows? But six items in here plus a little treat, winging its way across the pond from the UK to you. Catch. All right guys, here is my envelope from Mike and Mr. Bentley. And so let's open it and see what we've got inside. I do want to say, I love already the postage label. Please do not bend. I think I'm going to have to save some of these bits and pieces. If not for today's project, then for our future project. I'm going to try to do this without turning it over because his, yeah, his address is on the back. I don't care if mine shows, just for those of you who don't know. This is my PO box and actually it's not spelled right. So if you send anything to there, I'm not sure, Mike, how this actually got to me because that's not the right address. That's interesting. All right, well, it got to me, so that's good. All right, so let's get this open with my letter opener. So this is a copy of the intro that you've already seen. It does say play me, which I will do and we'll see if there's any bonus video on there or not. And if there is something appropriate to add on to this video, I will do that for you all. But any intro stuff that's on there, I've already played for you. If you're watching this right now, you've already seen it. Look at all this fun washi tape. Holy cow. All right, let's see how we can get into this with causing the least damage to the tape because I might want to use the tape. I don't, the tissue is just plain white, so the tissue doesn't matter so much. And I know you all, some of you are laughing, going really just cut it and the rest of you are like, yeah, yeah, no, I understand. I get it. You want to save the tape? I know most of you were out there. Yeah, yeah, that's great tape. Save the tape. There's no idea what's in here.  I want to kind of get to see if I can get, you taped it up really good, Mr. Mike. It's really well taped up. Okay, we got that off. Let's get this thing off. I might want to do something with the tissue. I don't know yet, but let's see. I kind of have mangled it, but let's see what else is in here. I see something red.  Piece of sweet. And there's something from Indigo Blue. Mr. Mike, I'm really hoping that's one of your stamps. Let's see. Those of you who don't know, Mike Deacon has his own line of stamps and other mixed media supplies. You should go check it out. If I can find a link from him, I'll go link it in the description below, along with his YouTube channel. There, of course, is a piece of chocolate.  An ace of hearts playing cards. Playing card. I love that. It is an Indigo Blue stamp. I don't know if it's one of Mike's or not. No, the designer is K. Hallowell Sutton. I love the tattoo heart. That's a cute design. I love that. And I am a big fan of Indigo Blue. I have been, since before I met Mr. Mike virtually online, they have a great line of products and stamps. A page from the Scarlett Letter. Wow, I haven't read that in about a million years. I have read it. I took literature classes in high school. A beautiful image. Oh, a wooden heart. That's cool. And look at this fun paper of the paper. It not only is pretty, but it's got, you can kind of tell by feeling it. It feels like it's got a high cotton content. So we are going to take these fun bits and pieces that he sent me, and we are going to try to create some sort of Valentine's Day themed mixed media thing. I don't know right now if it's going to be a page, a card, a little mini junk journal. I don't know yet, but let me think on it and I'll be right back in just a second. I sort of really want to make a little mini junk journal with the things he sent me and maybe some few things for my stash. So I think that's what we're going to do. And I'm going to start with, this is just product packaging. This is actually a box that came with my Crayola Marker Maker refill when I was making my own ink markers. And I don't know where they're at right now, because, you know, I put them away. Oh, here. So when I made the Sumi ink marker, so this is something that came with that kit that I just, you know, saved, but I wasn't going to use for anything but junk journaling. So we're going to pull it apart here at the seam, maybe. There we go. We're going to use this for our cover. I think it would make a great cover. Yeah. So we're going to, yeah, I think I'm wondering if I should cut the extra bits off or I think I'm going to cut them off. So I'm going to speed forward through my process so you guys aren't watching this, you know, for an hour at Nazium. And I'll be back at the end. And don't forget to ask me any questions about the process in the comments below. I will be sure to answer them. I try to answer your questions and comments every day. So I'm going to speed forward to this. I'll be right back.