Thanks for checking out this episode of brutal battle beer break today I'm doing another beer by the brewery out of Placentia, California. This is one of their sours It is the La Rance, which is a sour blonde ale done aged with boys and berries and oak barrels and is 6% alcohol by volume as you can see La Rance I'm not too familiar with boys and berries honestly, but I assume they're probably something pretty similar to like a blackberry So I'm going to be looking for that type of flavor, but we'll see oh Well, I do know that boys and berries have a reddish hue to them So this makes a lot of sense that it looks very red Little purplish maybe just like the label, but uh Yep, as you can see there's some pretty big bubbles along the edges that are coming up Um decent head to it But very nice color very reddish purplish beautiful color Oh, so much tartness like right off the bat that you would assume from a sour blonde from the brewery because That's how they do it. There's a bit of a funky aspect to it Which is probably coming out of the kind of like oaky characteristics, but also just the sourness in general does that a lot Mmm, it's it's very very sour and there's a difference between tartness and sour in my opinion I'll just move that for a second Tartness a lot softer to me sour is very aggressive There's a very aggressive sourness that just kind of goes up my nose I'm getting more of the woody oak characteristics coming out of this as well And it's very fruity as well Kind of similar to like a blackberry smell like I was saying I would assume but let's give it a taste Tingles on the tongue immediately all the sourness pricking up your Taste buds making your mouth water a little bit kind of stinging the edges of your tongue with that sourness Leaving my tongue pretty dry It's like a hit of lemony Excuse me Whoa a little bit went down the windpipe It's a hit of lemony sourness right up front then I get that taste of the boysenberry What I'm assuming is the boysenberry because that's what it's done with like I said not to experience with boysenberries Actually, I don't even know if I've ever had a boysenberry But anyway, so they're getting the flavor of the boysenberry and it kind of ends with a little bit of that funky aspect and Some of the oakie wood characteristic as well kind of rounded out a little bit make it a little less sour on the finish very crisp Yeah, and what I like about the oak aging and this happens with a lot of sours is that you can get that extreme nice Sourness right up front and then it tends to just round it out at the end and make it very soft on the finish Which that's what's happening with this beer. This is a nice beer.  This is very nice Not at all disappointed by the brewery once again So thank you very much the brewery La Rance quite tasty if you can get a hold of it do so if not go find yourself another awesome beer to try And thank you very much


staying mentally tough throughout the entire game. How was your team able to do that for tonight? That's it. It's really if we can boil it down to one thing for this group is leaning into being grittier. So we talked about it at halftime, showed a clip of us not having hands on people. And so we have to have intention, intention to play extremely hard with effort and energy. And we played for one another tonight, 30 plus assists, the ability to scrap and really cover for each other on the defensive end of the floor with a bigger team. And just the intent behind it to get problems solved together. So hopefully our guys see the recipe. We talked about trending in that direction and having some halves and some quarters and not full games yet. But we're getting there. Well, the special in that third quarter and I allowed you guys to go off. I think we all scored them 38 to 22. Yeah, I think just overall juice, the ability for our guys to make shots. I have a 19-3s for us tonight. So that's always a mental uplift when you see the ball go in. But we were determined to play with some pace tonight, which we have to as a group, and just scrap really. And it doesn't have to be pretty for this group, but just figure it out. Cam Thomas said, shoot around. He gave us the warning that he was ready to play here tonight. How contagious did he kind of make it for the entire group the way that he came off his bench? Well, he saved us in that first half for sure. His ability just to get us open looks, they got to a point where they start trapping him. And then we got some looks out of that. But I just thought he did a lot of good things tonight, whether it was once he got the attention on him. I think I had looked and he had four assists. And his ability just to make the right play, he's just growing. That the clip that you showed, I mean, I'm sorry, I just want to make it clear. Was this something that you guys showed in shoot around or after a pregame, or was it something you showed at halftime from the first half? Yes, from the first half. So this was a halftime clip. Sometimes we'll watch some clips from halftime, make some adjustments. We talked about how we wanted to play the post in the second half. And then there was a one pick and roll clip where basically I paused it and all five guys wasn't touching the purple jersey. And so that can't be how we play. We have to touch somebody and be okay with it. And our guys responded by doing that in the second half. Jack, in that third quarter, I guess, defensively, it's going back to that point, you've wanted your guys to be more active. You guys wanted to put your hands on the guys. What was it about that quarter where I guess it wasn't just like, I guess it was similar to Wednesdays, but what was different about it? It seemed like there was more energy, like you said, I guess. Yeah, it really is some psyche behind it. I just think these dudes are human and when you see the ball go in offensively, it gives you an extra boost to pull for your teammate or to make an extra effort. You saw it tonight, we were scrambling all over the place and that's what the post-ups, that was out of pick and roll also, that's us fixing things and covering for each other. When the ball goes in, that's helpful. Now the next layer, when the ball doesn't go in, so that's our challenge, that's the grit, that's the determination, that's the mental toughness to somehow figure it out and move on to the next possession. But it was helpful for that ball to go in.


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel critical overload here So this would be my spoiler-free review for the boys season 3 I'll try to keep it as spoiler-free as I can and I'll just to jump into it So this season is arguably I would say the most character-driven season so far I believe it's picking up a year later. We're catching up of course with Huey Mother's milk all the members of the boys and the members of the seven The good the bad the ugly so you have Huey who's still working for Congresswoman Victoria Newman at this one who we know is the head exploder from a season 2 But certain events of course will then lead him back to butcher and they're right back on the same course of what we typically see From them when it relates to taking out Vaught the old-fashioned way So soldier boys introduced this season and it's a great addition on-screen when we see that character now That character stretched out and the relevance it has to a lot of certain character arcs and revelations this season Butcher starts taking temporary compound V Homelanders having a mental breakdown and other members of the seven or the boys just have these compelling arcs that really help progress their character growth Into this season and just like hot just a nice natural progression of things We've already seen them deal with from the previous two seasons and how it culminates into this one So the onslaught against Vaught continues But you have a lot of division that culminates into everyone coming together for the same cause by the end of the season The political themes are still timely I can say that maybe the dialogue here won't always land that well with everyone, but it's still well written for the most part There's a lot of foreshadowing shocking revelations You have plot twists again some very highly compelling emotional arcs and highly character-driven narratives this time around Season three definitely provides a lot of answers to questions that have existed since season one Particularly I'm thinking about the ones regarding Mallory in my head Homelander mother's milk and butcher There's themes of past and present that takes center stage here I'd say when considering the deep dive that it takes into butcher and mother's milk's upbringing as well as going into this Theme of finding your own strength without unnatural advantages Huey spends a lot of this season reflecting on feeling weak which takes him and butcher on a dark path But it's all in the name of completing the mission Which we all know for the past some seasons has been destroying soups and exposing Vaught Themes of morality are also present when considering how much of a hypocrite butcher here is here this season We see him in the trailer Taking that temporary compound V and we hear this the brief comments that mother's milk gives to him how that arc flesh is out or how that arc spreads out across this season I think is going to be something that a lot of you find compelling and Butcher going into just butcher and homelander Butcher is looked at as the leader of the boys and then you have homelander who's looked at as leader of the Seven each one of these leaders is going down their own separate dark path causing their team members to question their leadership Homelander we already knew was a piece of crap and There's a lot of tension between him the seven as well as when you go into the people who were supposed to be trying to Take down Vaught in the seven with the boys you have a lot of tension there between Butcher and mother's milk Frenchy Kamiko Huey and all of that is just a little interesting nugget that I took took a liking to how their Having these complete opposites still having a lot of issues internally. So Homelander is determined to take full control of Vaught find his son Ryan and clear his name from the storm storm front drama from season To he's more manipulative and desperate than ever I would say this season Butcher is just more aggressive with his goal of taking out homelander which causes him to Take temporary compound V and join forces with the wrong people Mother's milk arc is probably the most emotional aspect of the season And you're hoping that he won't let any of that pain that you see from his past Cost him his life in the present and cost any of the other members of the boys in the present as far as action sequences Season three has some of my favorite while it remains a deconstruction of superheroes and the current American climate When the action happens It's always nice to see this show fall into what they're poking fun at while delivering some really breathtaking visuals And you get a lot of that here with the action and fight sequences that happen Especially ones that go on between certain characters You've been dying to see it happen between and it's just so rewarding to see it finally happen Herogasm which is one of the episodes in this in this season I feel like it's gonna be a favorite for many people Because it includes payoff the stuff that have been building over the past two seasons And it just builds into this all-out brawl that I know people are gonna be talking about once this episode airs so All the performances are incredible Jack Quaid is at his best here is Huey in the season Huey's journey from feeling defenseless to learning. He's always been strong as a great arc this season There are mentions of a lot of current political trends and that shouldn't be too shocking when considering the nature of the show So far there's a lot of commentary on media lies a train has self-reflection arc Has a self-reflection arc that really just highlights to disconnect between people when discussing harsh topics like brutality against minorities It also touches on virtue signaling a little bit which I love because I cannot stand the virtue signaling that I see these days All in all I would say that this season definitely has the biggest feeling of a lot being at risk with a lot of broken Relationships that are fixed over time is still very of course timely with this narrative and commentary on media lies and how some people gas Like themselves into believing things that just are not true because the television told them so because the government told them So it even culminates into a final scene in the final episode during the season finale that highlights how people really just are They have their head in the clouds and they'll bury their head their head in the sand And they have a problem with just following anything that's popular without Questioning if this is actually the right path to be taking so I cannot wait for season four I loved everything about season three I would say didn't start off too too strong to me not saying it's gonna be the same thing for everyone But still by the time it got to episode two and Onward from there as long as I stuck it out. It got better and better. It's progress progressively better I just wish of course that it just started out being as great as it ended up being by the end of the course So season three definitely one of my favorites. I would say is my favorite out of the three I love the revelation that go on here. I love the arcs for homelander and butcher I love the exploration of mother's milk and butcher's childhood the performances here again, probably some of the most emotional performances that you've gotten so far in this series the Aspect of introducing soldier boy, which I know had a lot of people Excited about you're not gonna be disappointed The way he is tied into a lot of the stuff that's been happening over these past two seasons I think is gonna be rewarding and something that a lot of people will be pleased with not saying that everybody will be on Board with it, but I enjoyed this season overall. I would give it a solid eight out of ten I can't wait to see how we go into the future with a season four if it happens I don't know when this show plans on ending But so, you know, they keep on finding a way to convince me that yep, keep going keep going until they convince me not to keep going I'll say that this show should keep going Especially when you're only eight episodes, but let me know what you guys think about this down the comment section below I have a weekly recaps for the episodes on this channel as well with spoilers obviously But let me know what you guys think about this down the comment section Are you excited for the boys season three if you haven't already of course make sure you subscribe turn on postification Never miss a video in the description. I've linked some social media accounts on Facebook Twitter and Instagram You can message me there of course limiters any movies news or reviews Let me to cover in the future with all that in mind guys. I will see you in the next video


The restoring of aircraft is the art of patience. There's no point in trying to rush things. It just doesn't work. So from about February 2002 until June 2009, we worked on the aircraft. So seven years to get it flying again. This particular aircraft was built in 1937. It is mythical in its own right. For what it did, for what it is, and for the fact that it still exists. At some time or another, I have touched every single part of the aircraft. Nut, bolt, rivet, everything. I've touched it. It's a long, long process. One day, press the starter button and there's nothing there. It just turned a couple of times and then stopped. I had a look on the website for SAFT and I found there your Mr Jean-Marc Tevenu. He came up with the idea of changing the cells in the battery for free. The battery compartment is here and there is the famous SAFT battery. I think he was impressed with the fact that the battery was made in 1979 and still going strong. Ah, the first flight. I'm pretty sure that the first flight, the aircraft flew me. It was big, it was noisy, it was open cockpit. A lot of sensations coming at me. When I got back from the first flight, I climbed down from the plane and I didn't say very much to anybody. I was just grinning so happy. Happy that he would finally all come together.


So, welcome to this lecture on rocket propulsion. Before we proceed, let us first recap what we have discussed so far. We have been discussing the vehicle dynamics for the last few lectures. So far, we have been focusing on single stage rockets and we have defined some parameters. One of such parameter is the mass ratio, which is given by the final mass by the initial mass. Then we have defined various type of masses, that is ML is the payload mass, then MP is the propellant mass, MS is the structural mass, which the structural mass includes everything except this two, except the payload mass and propellant mass everything else is included in the structural mass. Then the total mass at the beginning is the sum of all this and at the burnout all the propellant is supposed to have been used up. Therefore, what remains is only the structure and payload. So, the final mass is nothing but the sum of structural mass and payload mass given by MS plus ML. We have seen this last time, then we had defined another parameter R, which is inverse of mass ratio. Therefore, R is equal to M naught by M f. Now, if we combine these two, we get R equal to M naught amount ML plus MS, we had done it last time. After that last time we defined some more parameters, one of the parameter was payload ratio, which is designated by lambda and payload ratio is defined as the ratio of the payload mass divided by all the initial mass except that of the payload. So, it is ML upon M naught minus ML. Now, again coming back to this expression, if we subtract the payload mass from the initial mass, what remains is the structural mass and the propellant mass. So, therefore, lambda is equal to ML upon MS plus MP, we defined lambda in the last class. Similarly, we defined another parameter, which is structural coefficient designated by epsilon and we had defined epsilon as again the structural mass divided by all other mass except the payload, we defined it like this. Therefore, this again comes out to be equal to MS upon MS plus MP, we have done, we have defined these two parameters in the last class. After that, we had combined these three definitions R lambda and epsilon and we had shown that R is equal to 1 plus lambda upon lambda plus epsilon, this is what we showed in the last lecture. So, we have done it in the last lecture. Now, let us proceed from here. First of all, let us look back at the structural mass. Structural mass as we have said is everything except the propellant mass and the payload mass. So, now, if we look at a practical system, a rocket essentially is the payload and the engine and tanks, fuel tanks. So, therefore, if we take out the propellant and the payload, what remains actually is the engine and tank. So, therefore, the structural mass is mass of the engine plus mass of the tank where the subscript E stands for engine and subscript T stands for the tank. So, therefore, the structural mass is just the sum of the engine mass and the tank mass. Then the payload mass now can be written in terms of this. What we can see from this expression is that the payload mass is equal to initial mass minus the structural mass minus the propellant mass. So, payload mass is equal to M naught minus M s minus M p and we can put M s equal to M e plus M t like we have done here. So, therefore, the payload mass is equal to M naught M e plus M t minus M p. This gives us an expression for the payload mass. Now, what we are interested in is finding out the payload ratio, not the payload ratio, the payload fraction that is this is called payload fraction M L by M naught. So, this is equal to then first of all what we do is we take this expression for M L and then we divide it by the initial mass M naught. Then after this division what we will see is that this term is equal to 1 minus we write M e by M naught as the engine mass ratio fraction. Similarly, we have the tank mass fraction. This thing let us multiply and divide by the propellant mass and then the propellant mass fraction upon M naught. So, the payload mass fraction we can write like this we have just expanded this. Now, let us look at the expression for R which we have defined here. R is nothing but M dot by M f and M f is equal to the initial mass minus the propellant mass according to our definition. We can write it like this. Hold this equation for the time being. Let us go back now to the expression we had derived for the velocity increment. We had what we have done is we have derived expression for various cases. We have considered first of all no lift for most of the cases and they have we have considered no gravity, no drag, etcetera, etcetera. For the time being let us look at the simplest case. What was the simplest case? When we had no drag and no gravity. Now, if I look at the velocity increment for this then we have proved that this is equal to delta u, u equivalent L and R. This we have proved in the previous classes. This equivalent velocity R is this ratio as defined here and u equivalent is delta u is the velocity increment. Now, from this then what we can do is if we integrate this we can get an expression for R in terms of delta u and u equivalent. So, that will be equal to e to the power delta u by u equivalent not u e. So, integrating this we can get the expression for R as a function of velocity increment and u equivalent velocity. So, now let us put it back here as equal to R equal to delta u by u equivalent. Then now what we can do is first let us invert this.  The left hand side of this expression can be written as 1 minus m p upon m naught. This is the left hand side of this expression is equal to then e to the power minus delta u by u equivalent. So, we are just simplifying this expression. Now, what by doing this what we can do is with what we can get is we can get an expression for m p by m naught that is the propellant mass fraction which is a very important design parameter. So, what we have shown here there is that 1 minus m p by m naught is equal to e to the power minus delta u by u equivalent.  Now, what is the significance of this expression? This expression is what the designer will be using. Let us look at this equation m naught is the initial mass. First we have to lift this initial mass and we have to attend certain velocity at the end of the burnout. So, that delta u is dictated by the vehicle mission dynamics. So, the mission director will specify how much delta u will be required at the end of burning of the propellant. Then you have already chosen a propellant. So, you have chosen a propellant u equivalent is fixed because that is a function of I S B specific impulse. So, once you have chosen the u equivalent delta u is specified by the mission requirement then from this equation first of all we know the propellant mass fraction. And since m naught is the initial mass then we know how much propellant we need to carry for achieving this mission. So, this is a very important equation that tells us how much propellant needs to be carried by the vehicle to achieve a particular delta u and a particular fuel which will be dictating the u equivalent. Now, first once we have got this let us come back to this expression for the payload mass fraction. So, we had shown it in that board that the payload mass fraction is given as 1 minus m e by m naught minus.   Now, this m p by m naught we have derived here.  We get this expression. Now, this expression then tells us that see the engine mass again is something that is fixed tank mass is something that is fixed. Now, this propellant mass we are estimating from here delta u and u equivalent is now known. So, we cannot tell that for the given propellant that we are carrying and the initial mass how much payload we can carry. So, once again the mission goal is to carry this payload and give it that increment in velocity delta u. From this we can estimate are we able to carry that payload or not or in other words what we can do is if m l is given m naught is given and these are given we can find out how much propellant is required or if we need to change the propellant is the u equivalent good enough to give us that velocity increment or do we need to improve on the design of this or make the tanks lighter. Various things essentially can come up all the the mission and design requirement will come up by looking at this equation. So, therefore, this equations are very very critical. Now, I have said at the beginning that the tank and tank mass and the engine mass are the function of the are the part of the structural mass they are included in the structural mass. So, now if I use that and define our structural coefficient again epsilon then by that definition m t plus m e which is equal to the structural mass m s divided by the propellant mass plus the structural mass will come in here. So, this is the structural coefficient defined in terms of the tank and engine mass as well. So, now let us look at this expression what we will do is we will take this equation and then put it back along with this and this we will combine all three equations. Once we combine all three equations we will get expression for the structural coefficient in terms of other masses and the mission requirement. Now, this is our mission requirement this ratio.  So, this is essentially nothing but this divided by m naught. So, we are essentially what we are doing is we are dividing and both the numerator and denominator by m naught that is what we are doing and then m t by m naught can be written as m t by m p m p by m naught like we have done here right and m p by m naught we have already expanded in terms of this. So, this is what we are doing.  Now, I have given you two homework so far this is the third homework derive this expression. So, now coming back to this equation or this expression what do we see? We see that the structural coefficient depends on what are the parameters. If we consider a particular mission the tank mass and the engine mass are fixed because we have chosen that then the structural coefficient essentially will be dictated by this term initial mass is also dictated fixed. So, therefore, what we see is that the structural coefficient is a function of delta u and u equivalent. So, structural coefficient depends on how much velocity increment we want and what is the equivalent exhaust velocity. On the other hand we have shown that the equivalent velocity is a function of I s p that we have shown before that equivalent velocity is a function of I s p specific impulse and specific impulse depends on thrust per unit mass fuel flow rate. So, it is a function of the fuel that we are considering or the propellant that we are choosing. So, therefore, this u equivalent equivalent velocity then is a function of delta u and propellants. So, the structural coefficient also depends on the mission requirement and the propellant chosen to achieve this mission. So, this expression gives us that functional dependence. Let us now look at a practical case and see particularly how the structural coefficient depends on these two parameters. For that what I will do is I will plot the variation of structural coefficient as a function of delta u for two different fuels or two different propellant particularly we will consider fuel as the one of the major propellant is the fuel. So, let me plot structural coefficient along the y axis and the velocity increment along the x axis. Let us consider two fuels one is a hydrogen fuel. If I plot the variation of delta u for hydrogen fuel it is like this it varies like this this for the hydrogen fuel. If I plot the same for a hydrocarbon fuel there is a steep drop and then it is like this this is a hydrocarbon fuel. So, this is what has been seen experimentally that the structural coefficient variation with respect to the delta u that is the velocity variation or in other words if you vary delta u how structural coefficient is going to vary for different fuels that is what we have shown here. Now, let us see that what we see from this plot. We see that for a given delta u you look at anywhere any location here. For given delta u we see that the structural coefficient is greater for hydrocarbon as the fuel compared to sorry for hydrogen as the fuel compared to hydrocarbon as the fuel. So, for any given velocity increment the required structural coefficient is going to be greater for hydrogen than hydrocarbon fuel. Now, hydrogen as we know is much lighter than hydrocarbon. So, essentially what is this graph is showing is that for a given velocity increment the structural coefficient for a lighter fuel is greater than that for a heavier fuel. So, this graph shows that the structural coefficient for a lighter fuel is going to be higher than that of the heavier fuel. Now, once again what is the significance of lighter fuel and heavier fuel? If we consider a lighter fuel as mass flow rate is less. If we consider two fuels which have similar say heating value one is lighter other is heavier then the specific impulse defined as thrust per flow rate. Now, as long as you are adding the same amount of energy the thrust is going to be same if you have the same rocket design. So, if I look at the specific impulse specific impulse is defined as this is what the definition of specific impulse is. So, what we see is that specific impulse is inversely proportional to the fuel flow rate. So, therefore, a lighter fuel will be giving us higher specific impulse because for the amount of same amount of same energy it is supplying it is lighter or the weight is less. So, less amount is consumed less mass is consumed. So, therefore, we know that the specific impulse for a lighter fuel is greater than the specific impulse for a heavy fuel. So, then if I look at these variations if the specific impulse is greater what happens to our equivalent velocity everything remaining same equivalent velocity is higher. So, therefore, we can also conclude that the equivalent velocity provided by the lighter fuel is going to be greater than that provided by a heavier fuel. So, since specific impulse is higher the equivalent velocity for the lighter fuel is greater than equivalent velocity for the heavy fuel. Therefore, now what we have already discussed that the structural coefficient is function of both the delta u as well as equivalent. So, for the same delta u we see that the lighter fuel has higher equivalent velocity. Therefore, the structural coefficient is higher for lighter fuel compared to a heavier fuel. So, that is the physical explanation of this behavior. So, this is the first point. Let us look at second point here what we see if I just take any of these graphs any one of them any particular fuel we are choosing what we see is that at lower value of delta u when the velocity increment is less then there is a decrease in structural coefficient as delta u is increased. But beyond a certain amount value of delta u the structural coefficient becomes constant. So, let me write it down for lower delta u we see that as delta u increases the structural coefficient decreases and for higher delta u higher velocity increment structural coefficient is independent of delta u then it is a function solely of u equivalent as we have just discussed its function solely of u equivalent. So, coming back to this why is this first let us look at the higher delta u how do we achieve a higher value of delta u by burning more propellant for a longer period. So, higher delta u means higher propellant mass m p since we are talking about the initial mass being fixed for all the cases. So, the initial mass is fixed also we do not want to change the payload. Then where do we accommodate the higher propellant only way is by cutting out the structural mass. So, therefore, at higher m p means there is a reduction in structural mass. So, higher delta u can be achieved for keeping everything same by reducing the structural mass. And therefore, what we are seeing is that primarily the structural mass is much less than the propellant mass. Hence, since we are achieving this structural coefficient variation rather the delta u variation by varying m p only and the structural coefficient is typically inversely proportional to the propellant mass. Therefore, at very high values of delta u epsilon is almost constant because the marginal dependence decreases. We have already reached such a high value we cannot change it further structural coefficient further. So, the structural coefficient is almost constant. And once again coming back to this discussion that why for the lighter fuel we have higher structural coefficient. What we see here is epsilon is typically inversely proportional to the propellant mass. Because if you have more propellant of course, the structural has to be satisfied. So, structural coefficient is less. So, again coming back to this then if we take a lighter fuel propellant mass is less. Therefore, the structural coefficient we can go to higher value. So, we can work with higher value of structural coefficient if the propellant mass is less. And that is why we see this increase. So, therefore, what we can conclude from this discussion is that first of all if we are operating with a lighter fuel like hydrogen. We can get satisfactory performance that is higher delta u at a higher structural coefficient that is what this discussion show. However, if we are working with heavier fuel then the structural coefficient is less in order to achieve the same delta u. Now, what is the significance of that as far as the rocket designer is concerned? If you are allowed to have higher structural coefficient you can make the structure stronger. So, your factor of safety improves. So, therefore, the reliability of the mission or the robustness of the rocket improves if you are allowed to work with higher structural coefficient. Because finally, the structure is the one that will have to withstand all the other loads external loads acting on it. So, therefore, working with a lighter fuel is helpful for the designer to design because they are allowed to design a stronger or heavier structure and that helps in improving the reliability of the rocket. Second point here is that beyond a certain value of velocity increment we cannot we have to work with a fixed structural coefficient. Structural coefficient does not change. However, we can increase the value of delta u. However, initially as we increase the delta u structural coefficient sharply decreases. So, the structure has to be made lighter and lighter in order to attain the higher velocity. But once we are here then it is independent of structural coefficient. Now, this point here that for a wide range of delta u typically the structural coefficient does not change is something that we have to keep in mind. Because later on when we go to multi stage optimization this is something that we will be using that typically the structural coefficient becomes independent of delta u or any other parameter when we go to higher delta u values. So, this discussion shows us the dependence of structural coefficient on delta u. Now, let us go back to the discussion that we had regarding the flight dynamics for various cases. What we are trying to find out is how much velocity increment that we can get. So, we are providing the vehicle with certain amount of thrust and the vehicle is flying and it is getting certain velocity increment after certain burn out time. It is carrying certain amount of propellant which is getting burned and it is getting the velocity increment. What we have done during the discussion so far is we have considered different cases and made some assumptions in those cases. Now, let us look at how this assumption affect the final performance. So, what will be the effect of those assumptions in the final design. So, for that let me draw the variation of delta v versus the thrust. So, I will draw two curves one is here. In the x axis we will have thrust divided by or non-dimensionalized by the initial weight. So, thrust non-dimensionalized by the initial weight then we take any rocket with any initial configuration it will be applicable. On the y axis we will take velocity increment divided by isp g naught. So, this is the variation we are looking at. Let us for the sake of convenience consider a particular mass ratio m naught by m f. Let us say this mass ratio is 8 and let us also consider payload fraction. This is payload fraction right because if I say m naught minus m f no. So, this is the propellant fraction. So, m naught minus m f gives us the propellant fraction which is equal to 8.875. So, these are the conditions for which I am taking a single stage rocket and I am plotting the variation of delta v essentially with respect to the thrust that I am providing. So, first of all let us consider the free space. For the free space this is g equal to 0 case. Say this is 1 2 3 etcetera this is 0.5 1 1.5 2 etcetera. So, what we are seeing is that when we consider this particular rocket once we have these values fixed everything fixed then the variation of delta u with thrust actually will be a constant line right. Why? Because delta u is just u equivalent L and R. R is fixed here u equivalent is this raised to this therefore, it will not depend on thrust. So, in the free space no matter what amount of thrust we are providing it is a function of only u equivalent and the mass ratios therefore, it will be a constant delta delta v it does not depend on thrust. So, this is a very important observation in the free space outer space and that is why in outer space we do not need huge chemical rockets. What we need is something with higher ISP right. So, that is that will give us the required variation because of the fact here because in the outer space we do not have acceleration due to gravity we do not have drag. So, this is the case we are considering. Then the second case let us say is for this is case 2. So, case 1 we have said here is free space where G is equal to 0. Case 2 we consider horizontal flight when G is equal to G naught we are considering horizontal flight. For horizontal flight initially as we increase the thrust there is an increase in delta v, but gradually it reaches the free space condition asymptotically as we increase the thrust a lot because what happens is the vehicle is flying horizontally the weight is acting vertically downward right. If you keep on increasing the thrust this essentially becomes insignificant compared to the thrust, but initially when the thrust is less then it will have a tendency to bring it down or the delta u which is we are interested in this direction will come up come down, but as we keep on increasing the thrust becomes much much more than the weight then it will not have that impact. So, therefore, it asymptotically reaches this value. Now, the third case we consider is vertical flight including now this is the vertical flight which is G equal to G naught again. If I consider vertical flight it will go like this when we are talking about vertical flight G is always acting downward always try to slow down. We are increasing the thrust that will try to compensate for the effect of gravity, but gravity is always present. Therefore, it will never reach this condition and it will always be less than this, but as we again keep on increasing the thrust the effect of gravity becomes less and less dominating that is why we get this variation. And the same thing if I look at for different let us say ratios like instead of this if I look at another case where m dot by m f is 5 and m dot minus m f by m dot is 0.8. So, the same plots if I plot then let me plot it on the same graph, but with a different color. We will see that the free flight condition will be less because now your r is less therefore, the free flight velocity is going to be less. At the same time every other parameter now will be less. So, this is 1, this will be 2 and 3 is even less somewhere here. So, what we see is that as r is decrease and the propellant fraction is decrease there is a overall decrease in the velocity increment which is essentially according to the equation that we have derived that as the thrust is the velocity increment will increase as r increases. So, therefore, this is in agreement with what we have derived theoretically. So, therefore, again since as I said delta v is something that is the mission requirement which will become apparent when we talk about space dynamics. Therefore, in order to achieve that we need to choose a particular value of r and once that is fixed we need to choose a particular value of structural coefficient that I have just discussed. So, if the mission is given if the propellant is chosen every other parameters will come up from this analysis. So, then that is what the rocket design is that what should be the mass distribution of various components and then we actually go into build it, but the first step is to find out the mass distribution to achieve that mission. So, this brings us to the end of our discussion on single strain rocket performance, but before we stop what I would like to do is I would like to solve a problem I would like to solve a problem that will essentially focus on the single stage performance that we have discussed so far. So, let me define the problem let us consider a single stage rocket this is a single stage rocket. Let us say that the this is our payload let us consider that the payload mass is 100 kg. Let us consider that the ISP for this rocket is 450 seconds. Let us consider that the structural coefficient or the structural factor I will define what is structural factor is 0.2 and ideal delta V is equal to 2000 meter per second. Now, first of all what is ideal delta V comes becomes evident from this plot. Ideal delta V is the maximum velocity that we can achieve and it should not depend on thrust. So, it corresponds to which case G equal to 0. So, ideal case corresponds to no drag no gravity the outer space. So, for this case you are asked to find out calculate the lift of mass which is m dot this is equal to what that is the question. So, this is essentially what we have been discussing so far. So, let us now look at what is given is ML equal to 100 kg ISP equal to 450 seconds.  So, this is equal to m s upon m naught minus m l we have to get delta we are given that delta V equal to 2000 meter per second. So, first of all we know that for this case delta V is equal to u equivalent l n R right this we have proved and u equivalent is equal to ISP times G E. So, ISP times G E l n R is equal to m dot minus m f. So, first of all let us look at this expression little more closely. Let us say we define a parameter l which is the propellant mass fraction l equal to m dot by m l.  So, therefore, let me first look at this one let me do 1 minus s.    So, this is equal to m p upon m dot minus m l. Now, let us multiply this by l. So, let me multiply this by l.  Now, to this let me add s. So, let me add s to this plus s.  What we see is that this is common in this two. So, after I simplify this, this will be equal to delta v we have got like this.   Once we simplify all this, you will get the overall mass is 184 k g. But let me try it out little differently also. Let me try it out little differently. Since I am starting to do with this, this is the final solution, but I will do it little differently. Once again let us look at this ratio m dot upon m f.   So, this is our epsilon s is our epsilon. So, this is equal to m s upon m dot minus m l.  You can get this expression.  So, we are adding m l to this equation.  So, let us take this now and put it back into this equation.  Now, let us divide both of them by m dot. So, we get this is equal to 1 and m l by m naught is equal to l.  So, now let us take this come back to this equation and put it back here. So, what we get is this is equal to instead of doing it here, we can also start from here right away our m l is given epsilon is given. So, I can write this as equal to 0.2 m naught plus 0.8 m l. So, now, if I take this and put it back into this equation what I get is if I put this back into this expression for delta v, I get 2000 which is our ideal delta v equal to 450 which is the is p times 9.8 acceleration due to gravity equal to multiplied by l n m naught 0.2 m naught plus 80 right. Now, in this equation my only unknown is m naught, I can easily solve for this. So, after solving for this I get m naught is equal to 184 kg. So, as we can see that we get the expression that we have been looking for and then we get the initial mass that will give us this velocity increment which will put a 100 kg payload at two certain velocity increment. So, with this we complete our discussion on solid single stage rockets. Next class what we will do is we will start with multi stage rockets, we will define various parameters for multi stage rocket. We will see what is the advantage of multi stage rocket to begin with why we need multi stage rocket and then what are the various parameters and then how to optimize the performance of a multi stage rocket. After that then we will go into the space dynamics that is the why do we need certain velocity increment delta v. So, that then we will talk about the mission requirements. So, thank you very much we will stop here today.


Alright, welcome. Okay, it's the 30th of June. This is get love plug get lab plug in modernization project. So items I've got action item report planned do we need to discuss further on the second milestone harsh what would you like to discuss as other topics. Like, I need the draft we are for the second milestone what whatever a quote I wrote I just pushed it to get up so that people, so that the mentors could check if I'm on the right direction on the second milestone or not because I was not able to make the second milestone like the code run interactively. So I would like to debug things a bit because but I'm not able to debug it because of the four or four errors that I'm getting. I'll discuss a bit about more, more on this but not the, like I don't think so we should be discussing the project, like the I don't plan as such. Okay, good so discussion of the. So it's more discussion of the draft pull draft pull request. Great. Alright, that starts the second milestone is that a, is that a good way to say it. Yeah. Okay. All right, and any other topics. Let's see, are you comfortable with the recording for their midterm presentation we need to discuss oh not recording it's no longer recording. It's not a recording is it. Yeah, I'm giving a live one like be rehearsed yesterday I think it's going good. Okay, and we I think we should talk about upcoming timeline just to be sure that we'll all align there. Any other topics that need to go on our list today. Like you can update the exam from six from six to July to 7 July. Yes. Thank you. Very good. Okay. Yeah, so I'll give I'll give an update about like a couple things like the first milestone the second milestone and about the midterm presentation. I have a question about the midterm presentation. Can I use the because the pull request for the first milestone is not yet merged, but I will have to use the development version of the HPI of the plug in that that it will be creating so can I use it. If it's unmerged, like in the demo. Yes, absolutely. Because the problems are kind of minor like it will not happen because I have a perfect working test connection so it will not drop so can I. No, no reason not to just use you are welcome to use it certainly, I think it's desirable to have it merged but you can demonstrate from the fact that you've saved it and pushed it publicly is already makes it worth demonstrating. Okay, so, like, I already told about the first milestone like I first one I stuff with one thing like. It has the test connection, the thing that the only thing of the test connection, I messed up with the exception part, because I, I thought that invocation target exception will be going with a bit like a exception and it will be catch and it will not show an error, but somehow we're showing the error so I'll, I'll dig more into what's the what the hell happened how did I miss that. Yeah, that's one left problem in the postmaster and the other problem was I interest were trying to also make the tests work, like, and for that we started using the GitLab rule, which he created a GitLab mock server. And the thing that the problem is like the, the GitLab mock server that we have does not have a user yet so I'll have to have to add a user data to it, and then see if the client builder is working correctly or not with it. And if it does not work, we'll have to redesign the connection tests come like the connection tests which are available in the first milestones like the pull request, if it does work then of course it's great. So that's the update on the test part other than that I don't know I don't think so any other tests appealing other than the JSON responses that are not matching. Those were due to the type differences between the null value so I couldn't get it that how the, how the null values could have different type issues, but it wasn't Chris pointed it out. So, other than this, I think the tests are quite good. Not, not a problem. I'll have to work on the connection test, of course, and more, more on the second milestone, like I wrote the code and the code is compiling of course it's no problem. I also work a bit on the testing part of the second milestone. Yeah, right. Sorry, I'm not keeping up. Yeah, yeah, that's that's what I saw like. Okay, all right, so it's not a problem I'm speaking very fast for that's why the first thing was the second milestone you the second thing you mentioned was working on the test. What was the first time say that again. I started working on the tests. I what I did it was I was migrating the webhook, like the normal hook implementation which was available as Jason to be used in the test to to my to adapting the same thing to the webhook events, so that they can also be used in the test. So that's what I did, but like it's not yet complete I was just working in a lot of things this week, just so that I can push most of the things, like, so that the only thing which is left is the blockers that I'm facing which could be resolved in the last week so that's what I did this week. So all the things which are left now are blockers which I'm not able to resolve so I'll I'm using some help here and there with Chris. And other than this the second milestone I will, I was, I was getting a 404 error which I was not really expecting, like, I didn't really change the get dynamic method, which gets the stapler request and the response from the plugin, but still it's giving me a 404 error which I don't know why, so I'll have to figure it out. I tried using my debugger but I, but I can't really use it, because the GitLab, the problem is the Jenkins code is not either giving a response to the GitLab plugin or the GitLab plugin is not able to take the response. If the GitLab plugin is not able to take the response, then it's not much possible like I don't I can't think of a scenario where GitLab plugin is not able to take the response and the request, but if it's happening then I'll have to see, but I'm not able to debug it. So, yeah, that's one issue that I was facing. Other than this. Yeah, that's these are the things which I did this week. Thank you so I was typing as fast as I could harsh did I capture the things that you were describing. But if it's not I'll describe it more briefly if I can edit the meeting notes right so it's not much of a problem. You certainly can. Okay, that is that 404 coming from the test or from the production, the production code environment. So you're so you get so I'm trying to understand the scenario here you ran a test with a web hook on a regular Jenkins controller not from a unit test, and then you got a 404 from Jenkins. Yeah. And could you get the same did you get the same error on the old version of the GitLab plugin or only with your new version. The new version, the older version that I was using I was not getting any 404 for a force with the request that I was sending the newer version in which I changed the web hook implementation quite a bit like from the web hook from the disease web hook to the GitLab for this event. So there I think I am assuming that that's causing the problem. I don't know. I'll have to debug it. Yeah. I would, I would set a break point on the place where the Jenkins controller is doing the redirection. And I think that's, there's a stapler method for doing a redirection. I'm sure that it would be easy to find. I don't know if you haven't found it already, but, you know, basically, once you have a break point on that method, you should see, you know, some kind of call hierarchy, and your goal would be to move backward in time, and try to find, because the point you're in the stapler method to report the 404. Actually, I'm sorry, I didn't mean redirection. I meant, I meant the error handler basically the whatever is. Well, I mean, I'm actually know me. I'm assuming that something is. I'm assuming that you're being redirected to a page that doesn't exist. So is that was was that what you were seeing. I'll explain you a bit more on what I did. You are on the right line. So what I, what I was thinking was, I, I got the Jenkins score, like the repository, and I'll have to use the Jenkins score as well as the GitLab plugin, both and debug both at the same, kind of a same time because like what happens is the Jenkins score sends request to the get dynamic method of the GitLab plugin, and I'll have to see how that thing is going, just so that I could pick up where the 404 is coming so that I that's what that's what I'm thinking, but like debugging both of them at the same time it's it's kind of a messy thing there. So yeah, I was just trying to make sure that I'm pinpointing the right issue because I don't think so there could be a problem there. Like it is quite unlikely that GitLab plugin is unable to receive the request from the like Jenkins score. So that's that's what I was thinking like it's just in hypothesis that I have. Yeah, that makes sense so I would yeah like I said earlier I find the stapler method that is doing the redirection and see if you can see what called it because that's you by the time we're getting the redirection to the bad URL we've already gone off the rails, but setting a break point there can at least show you a stack trace that hopefully a previous frame in that stack trace will show you the place before we went off the rails. So even you know so for example you know you might you might get a stack trace that leads you to stapler redirection. And one of the previous stack frames is like line 50 you know but that by that point we're off the rails but it might be that we made the mistake at like line 25 of that function. But it's, I'm hoping that it's in the same stack trace. So that's how I would debug a problem like that. Find the place to make a generic piece of advice find the place where you're off the rails, and then work backwards to find the last place that you were still on track. And that should be hopefully a few steps away from where you're off track. But like what I am intuitively feeling is the field which I have was like I didn't really change much in the get dynamic method of the get lab plugin. I just added some event handlers there just so I could redirect to the to the different methods that I created in the get lab plugin. So it's like for me it's kind of unlikely that any change that I did in the get dynamic method of the get lab plugin is causing that change. Of course, I'll do that as you said like I had this thing in my mind, but I just wanted to convey it so that if, if something else could have been popped up so yeah, that's what I did. Yeah, when you're dealing with when you're dealing with event hand event handling logic may not be as simple as just going up the stack trace because basically asynchronous programming break stack traces so but conceptually it's a similar idea right. Even if, even if it's a little bit harder with asynchronous events, the same, you can apply the same concept of finding, finding the place where you're off the rails and then trying to work backwards to the last point in which things were still on track. So, and that's one of the, that's one of the most. That's one of the most annoying things about asynchronous programming some, there are some frameworks that will stitch together stack traces from different asynchronous events. And I'm not, I'm not sure if, if whatever library we're using can do that but that's definitely something to, it's definitely more difficult so there's, there's, there's nothing, nothing unexpected about it being hard to debug, I'm afraid. But hopefully you'll be able to figure it out. I'll try something I've been into bad situations a lot of time, I'll figure something out. And one more request that I had was like the second pull request, the draft pull request of the second milestone which I made. I want you guys to actually see through the code, if you could provide me some guidance on the design that I'm like, I had to repeat the a lot of times, because of the overriding of the methods that I had that I had to do. So if you could just glance over the code that I wrote to provide some guidance on the design that that if it's right if, if the code logic could be better, or the code design could be better, then that would be great. So this is the draft pull request right. Yeah, the draft pull request of the second milestone. Okay. And your specific concern harsh was that you were seeing some cases where there's some duplication of code that you thought. Yeah, yeah, like, it might not be avoidable but like, I am not that pro right so if you could see some things which I'm not able to see. But beforehand like before I make it a milestone and if it starts working then create a course, but before I made it make it an actual pull request. It would be better if I get some reviews on the draft itself so that I can prove upon them. Great. Okay, so, but I think I captured what you're saying that there you see you have implemented in the draft pull request, some do code duplication that allows you to compile it allows the thing to sort of behave the way you were doing it, but you'd love guidance if there are if others can see ways that hey that code duplication could be reduced or eliminated by different by different structure. Yeah, okay. Great. Anything else. That's what I did in the feedback. Yeah. Thank you. Thanks very much. Anything else on that second milestone that sounds like you're you're you're looking forward to reviews. I apologize. I still owe you more testing my weekends coming so I hope to do testing. I don't have work on Tuesday next week so I apologize that my interactive testing hasn't happened yet I am sorry, sincerely. I tested it this morning and it seems like it's, it's pretty good, aside from that exception problem that we already discussed. Okay, I'll see to it. Everything else looks pretty good. I removed, I pushed a few commits to remove even more transitive dependencies that we don't need. So it's a lot lighter than we have fewer, because a lot of the plugins that we depended on we're only needed to support the rest easy implementation things, things like something. Well, it, no, that's, that's fine because it's not very, it's not very obvious to a beginner how our library plugins are packaged but I removed yeah I removed a few more I removed the jack speed plugin and the patchy components plugin and a few others that were only needed to support rest easy in the first place. So, I also turned off the running of the tests, because that was causing the CI build to fail so I, is this is the plan still to tackle the tests in a different pull request because I thought, I thought last week, we were going to. Yeah, not, not worry about the tests in this milestone but do it in a different one so is that still the plan. I just wanted to get the tests working because like in between I went into some trouble because of my get client issues in my Jenkins controller. So I got pretty uncomfortable if the like the if the milestone once code is working as I wanted to work. That's why I put up some amount of time in the tests, but it is not much of a problem really make it into another milestone, like I need to work on the second milestone quite fast because like it is the last week.  So harsh just to be sure so it is still the plan that it's okay that the current pull request is not run tests, and it's okay that it runs only the limited set that were whichever is fine. And it is kind of okay and one more thing that I was, I was kind of worried about in the test, how is the github github city which we have implemented to run the, like the tests, how, how is it going to have that like the local server like because we are using the GitLab Docker based test right like it uses the GitLab actual URL that instance that I've created on my local machine so how is it going to test that, like, wouldn't it always give me no client builder. So, so what you're really asking is how does ci.jenkins.io run tests that require a container. Yeah, a container or a local mock server or something like a local host. Well so local host is available in in that context but containerization means you can't use the, the, you can't run inside a container because then you can't invoke another container. Yeah, but is that your question I'm not sure I'm understanding your question. Like, because the Docker based tests are dependent upon the depending upon the container right so how are the CI test of the Jenkins that is implemented, going to test that Docker based test, because they are Docker based. Yeah there's a setting in the Jenkins file that does that does that let's go see it. So if we look at this test they're disabled right even on the main base they are disabled as far as I understand it right but yeah, if the day comes that we enable them. I think this thing use container container agent true would have to be set to use container agent faults, because then you could run Docker containers. Okay, as far as I understand it. This thing changes where the tests run then where the build process runs, and it says okay don't use containers, and because it's not using containers, Docker can then be invoked. I think it's more into the tests as a third milestone or the fourth whatever it is, because like, it requires some amount of work from my side to get those Jason, like those Jason are working like, just to get those tidbits right, it would require some effort on my side. Right. Well, but but I think Basel's right to remind us all that we are perfectly okay that those tests do not run now. They have not run for years, and it's this project would still be a success, even if they did not run. Right I think I think I adapted quite a lot of them. Yeah, and it's, it's, I think it's more important to get the mock the wire mock tests to work in this project because they were working in the past. So they should, they should continue to work. But I think you've already noticed that they need some adaptation. I don't know how far you've gotten but I would assume that some of the Jason expected responses need to probably different with this new library. Yeah, like they're not that different as you're thinking like the types of Mitch matching like, like the null is mismatching with the null of the different type. That's what I that's what we were trying to fix and I got a null pointer exception here and there. But we'll try to fix it soon. Yeah, yeah, you're right about it. I almost did that like the Jason responses matching. Yeah, nulls in web service API is always a challenge. And, and I think there's a, there's a specification called open API that tries to deal with this by formalizing a schema for you know these web services and they have a specification that goes into a lot of detail about you know what, what types are returned from each endpoint and how do you deal with things like null ability or optional or default values and things like that. So I don't know if I don't think it lab is using open API but it's a very common problem with with rest API design. The problem that I was facing was, I couldn't really give null to the with coverage method, because if I give a simple null, it would not match due to the type mismatch. If I type convert the null into the different type like a float or long or whatever it would it would it would actually match but it would give me a null pointer exception because the methods that are being run on the knowledge to convert conversion to the float type will give me some random null pointer exception that I'll have to fix and yeah, yeah, I wasted a day on that. I know that pain. Okay, so yeah, that's what I did on the test like nothing more I don't think I have any other other than the deadline that I have that I have to complete the second mile from past. Okay, so, so are there. So you talked about the pull request for the second milestone. Are there other pull requests that you wanted to discuss. I think we've covered them all. Okay, anything that you want to ask about on the midterm presentation, you feel comfortable there I know we rehearsed yesterday. You showed me the demo yesterday, it felt like it went okay and was just fine. I'm not as expected and like, like I hope it would be as expected in the midterm presentation also and my get client won't like disturb my life that that day, but yeah whatever yeah I think I'm quite comfortable with it. Great. Now on the upcoming timeline, I know your exams are seven July now. Do they do they last for a week. How long will you be so seven July through 14 July. Okay, so should we cancel this session that would normally happen next would it would happen what next Friday on the seventh. Yeah, we should it seems like we should cancel this session. And do we then meet on the 14th, you'll be presenting on the sixth, or is the 14th still examinations for you. Are you are your exams done by the end of the day on the 14th or because yeah it will be done because that week like it will be very intensive because it's an ancient method examination number to study a lot for that. So it's going to be kind of like excessive studies that week so I will be able to do a much less work in that week so yeah I think you should be putting it in the 14th. Project meet of course and and the GSO office hours. Okay, well, so we could we could also cancel the 14th if that's going to be disruptive to your examination schedule so we want to be sure that your examinations are that you had the best chance to succeed at your exams. Like the examinations will be over and after that of course I can join the meeting but it's not a much of a problem to me. Okay, great. So I will cancel our next session for the seventh and we'll plan to meet the 14th. Okay. And as always I want to remind myself that we're okay on the checklist. So the next milestone is July. The next milestone for us as mentors is midterm evaluations begin July 10, and then we have to submit and we get to submit one evaluation so I'll work puzzle with you and with Chris to get your feedback and then I'll be the one who submits it if that's okay with you so I do the bookkeeping. I get, I get the feedback or I give the feedback like I don't. Both you will, you will be expected I think to provide your own evaluation, but then we I provide an evaluation, and you'll then I think you then see that evaluation after I've submitted it. So I'll also give an evaluation to what I believe so. I believe so I don't know if it's to the mentors or to yourself but I believe there is an evaluation that you submit Chris can you clarify I think that's how it works for the the contributor. I think so yeah they have to give evaluation to project. So the organization the mentors. So, so you you provide an evaluation, and we provide an evaluation. And, and if, if for some reason you don't get our copy of the evaluation let us know because our intent is that it should help you. The part by the contributors optional, I think. Oh, okay so it may be that that he's not that harsh is not required to submit an evaluation. I think it was like that last year to but it wasn't that before like many years ago, which required. So look for harsh about July 10. Look for email from from Google Summer of Code inviting you to submit an evaluation. I apologize that it's right in the middle of your exams, but that's what I was worrying about actually how much time they've been taking like what I have to keep it brief. Okay, your, your, your efforts on writing that evaluation should not should not take do not spend much time on that spend. Yeah, keep it simple. Okay. All right. Any other topics we need to discuss today. Well after the like the victim evaluation the second, the last, of course the second phase of the second coding phase will start right. Correct. That is correct. Right very good. Second, second half coding begins. Is it July 14 I should look at the checklist midterm demo. Oh it doesn't even list it the final week is August 21 through 28 so yes as soon as as soon as you're back from examinations. We start the second phase. The second half and that will continue until mid August until August 21. Okay. Oh and I have to I have to forewarn actually I've got one, which is July. July 21.  Chris, would you be willing to host the meeting on that day. Oh, sure. Yeah. But we mind me though. I will do so. So we'll meet the 14th and I'll certainly remind everyone that I'm gone the next, the next Friday. Yeah. What are the possible worries that the mentors are having like any possible before the like the next thing starts like we are almost at the end of the coding placement right so before then the coding phase two starts what are the things which are bugging you right now about the project. Anything. Okay my my non performance as a tester is bugging me but that's nothing you can affect. I'd look to others if Basel or Chris if you've got concerns or worries that you want to express. I think it's going well so far I mean I took another look at the code this morning and it looked very close to to finished, at least for that first milestone so I think it's going pretty well. Nothing special for me. All right. Any other topics to discuss. Okay, let's let's call this one done then thank you very much. I'll stop the recording.


And welcome to this edition of Tony. I'm a psychic, a medium, and a channel. I have a radio show, Messages From Above, that airs every Wednesday evening. Another TV show, Create a Life You Love, and this show. I absolutely love all of the work I do in helping people connect with loved ones on the other side, as well as answering any questions that they may have about their life. I've authored four books. Each of these books has been channeled through me for you. I know that in this life, having had three near-death experiences myself, there is so much more than we can even begin to comprehend when we're done. It's just a matter of getting through this one in the best way possible. We've all had questions about career, love. Is this the right guy? Is this the right job? What am I supposed to be doing with my life? Or we get signs from our loved ones and we want confirmation. Was that really a sign? Or am I just making that up? That's why I do what I do. It's not always easy, but it's always worth it. Today's guest is Amy. Amy's here to ask questions about her life, maybe connect with some loved ones. I'm very excited to help her in this way, so let's get started. Hi, Amy, how are you? Good, how are you? I'm excellent. Thanks for being a guest today. Thanks for asking me. Ah, it's my pleasure. So let's get started. Do you want to start with a question or do you want to start with a connection? I guess a question would be what I was thinking of. Okay. What next step should I take to be successful in my new business? Okay, that's a really good question. So the first thing that you're going to want to do is establish yourself. You want to give yourself a really strong presence. Word of mouth is the best way to do that. You've been a little bit hesitant to talk about it. I see you have been in a shell for a while. You're about to break free from that shell. It's like they're saying a clam shell that opens, right? And you're about to get out of that and be like, done with that. I'm back, okay? In life, we all get knocked for loops, right? And then we just have to get back up on our feet and we have to move forward without fear.  You are trying to be very cautious in your movements so you don't ruffle any feathers. Is that accurate? Yeah. Yeah, so in about a week, that is going to start to dissipate, okay? It's going to start to go away.  You're going to kind of take your life back. You're really going to own who you are and what you're doing at that point. Business-wise, I see you getting a space and I see this space is going to be perfect for you. I see you having this space in a, I see it, it's obviously in a building. You're going to work with somebody for a little while, but you're going to work with them for about three months, three more months from this, okay? And then you're going to find a space that's perfect for you. Now, the interesting thing is this space might be right next to that person.  So that's what they're showing me for work. Get a really strong online presence going because that is how people find us now. They get online and they start searching people. So get that strong online presence going and allow yourself to kind of boast about yourself online. It's one thing as women, we sometimes we don't want to be braggy about ourselves, but if we don't say it, who's going to, right? So we need to get out there and we need to speak our truth, which is something you haven't also done in a very long time they're telling me. In a way you've been just keeping to yourself and not stating some of the things you would really like to say.  You're going to have a brochure that has your modalities in it. A really nice brochure though. Very factual and feminine are the two words I'm getting for your brochure and I like those words. So you're an acupuncturist and you are going to be, you know, when you first start, when you, starting off now and moving forward, you're going to be working on a lot of people with, I'm getting, they have diseases, diseases. So not just people coming in for relaxation, people coming in with a real serious reason for coming in. Don't let that throw you, just do what you have to do and make it work, okay? Get into it, don't think about what's wrong with them, do what you know. Because sometimes we can feel a little overwhelmed if we feel like this is really big and I need to fix it, right? We're just an instrument. We're just using instruments, right? Right. So does that help to answer that? I think so. Okay, do you have any questions about what I just said? Or we can move to the next question also. Yeah, I should have them all written down. Somehow we get on the show and I'm like, I don't know what's going on. That happens for everybody, don't worry. I can tell you, I see a love interest coming in. This is somebody brand new, somebody you have not met before. I feel like this person is going to come in within six months. They might appear at the three month mark, but things might not start to happen then, but by the six month mark, things will definitely be happening. I'm giggling so much because sometimes spirit shares a little too much information. I don't need to see everything that's going to be happening. By the six month mark, you're definitely going to be really into that relationship. It's a good relationship. He's a really good guy. He is going to be helping you also with moving forward, with career, and also in the area of finances. He is a giver. He is a humanitarian. Those are always super nice things to have a man. Yeah, he actually, he's kind of sexy. And I'm seeing a lot of it. Stop looking at him. I'm trying. He's smiling. I'm trying to stop looking at him. I feel like he has lighter hair, not darker hair.  He doesn't really know how to flirt. I see you just looking at him going, is that a criticism or a compliment? And he just doesn't know how to flirt. He doesn't know how to communicate well with women, which is good. That's probably smart. Yeah, you could say that. I hear the word genius come in. He's probably really smart. That's exciting. I saw a t-shirt that said, I'm a physicist, flirt harder. So that, that fits. Maybe I'll buy that t-shirt for this, for my future interest. He has, he has some of your same interests, but from a science background, which does fit that intelligence statement also. He approaches everything from a very scientific point of view. So it can be sometimes, for lack of a better word, a little mind-numbing, but it's okay because then he doesn't push it too far. Okay? Okay. So I see him stepping in, in approximately three months, but around the six-month mark is when everything is really taking off. You guys are really connecting and everything is moving forward. He's extremely logical, which is also another really good character and a guy. And he has a lot of charisma, charisma. He's very charismatic, and he likes to go and do things. That's nice. But his idea of, his idea of a fun vacation might be taking a walk up a mountain and finding interesting rocks. Yeah, I like that, that's me. Oh, so perfect, that's- You didn't know that? No, I didn't. So I'd rather do that than lay on the beach. Although laying on the beach is a close second. I mean, it's pretty cool. Yeah, I'll take the beach every day of the week. That's me. I would do the mountain first, but the beach is there. Yeah, I'm always at the beach every day. I'll go to the beach with you after we go to the mountains. Awesome. He is very, he is very, very charismatic.  But then when you get bored, you go and do something spontaneously and then laid back again. And this is gonna happen smoothly? The transition will be smooth, believe it or not. The transition will be smooth. Now, another reason that this might take three or six months is because it depends on how you transition in your current situations. So that's one of the things they're also saying, okay? Does that make sense to you? I think so. Excellent, excellent. Any other questions about? What I guess about the current situation, does it transition within the next few weeks or more like a month or two out? So the current situation, you're gonna transition out of this within a month. That means anytime between now and a month, you are going to be completely transitioned out of this. Now you notice that the tone has gotten very serious now. So this is more of a statement rather than a suggestion. Within a month, this should be over. You're gonna find yourself realizing there's nothing you can do and or say. So just let it be what it was and time to move on to something different. You are going to have a very difficult time with the first step, but once you take that first step, everything else will fall into place. It's always that first step that really inhibits us from going any further. Once you say yes or in this case, like put the money down or make that first move, everything else will just fall into place. You've already found the place, but you could look and find another one if you want.  Does that make sense to you? And the transition on your end is gonna be very smooth. For other people involved, not so much, but that's not your responsibility. You don't have to be responsible for other people's feelings or worrying about how they're gonna handle situations. Does that make sense to you? Yeah, it's a little scary. Yeah, you know what? Moving forward always is a little bit scary. It's always, there's always the question, what if? But let's take that question and put the positive spirit on it. What if this is the way it's supposed to be? What if everything works out perfectly? What if this freedom allows you to take off in your life? What if that? I feel like this transition is going to be very covert or on the down low, but once it's done, you are going to be ecstatic. For the first time in a long time, you're going to feel like you have your independence back. Does that make sense to you? Does that help? So should I put money down on the place I have? Yes, you could also look because another one is coming up, but I feel like the one that you already have looked at, it will work out. You won't be there a very long time, like five or six years, you won't be there a long time, but you'll be there for a while. It's, again, it's a transitioning place. So I feel like the sooner you make that final decision to do this, the better you're going to feel. The body responds when we're in conflict with what we need to do. Yeah, because I woke up really sore today. I was going to ask you about that. That actually should have been my first question. I woke up, I had heart palpitations overnight and then I woke up feeling really sore. So in your current situation, you're in a lot of pain emotionally, which is now transitioning to the physical body because that's what it does, right? And you're afraid to move forward, but you're not happy staying where you are. So you're being put in a situation, that statement between a rock and a hard place is coming in, right? And you have to jump out before it closes in, but you're letting it close in and you're not jumping out from in between them. The sooner you jump out and just make a decision, you're going to be so relieved and so happy. Now I'll tell you, if you decide not to take this place and to try to not transition out of this, the same thing is gonna happen again and again and again, and it's going to get a little bit worse. And then you're going to be a month down the line going, okay, I should have done it then, I need to do it now. So there's not, it's inevitable is what they're saying. The transition is inevitable, when you do it or how long it takes you to do it can be up to you. But they are saying, they will not give you past three months for this. The sooner you do it, the better, but do not put this off it. Thinking you can push it off longer than three months because this is one of those things by force or by choice. If you don't choose to do it, they're gonna force it to happen because they have to. What would happen? Well, I could, I would rather not go there, but I could tell you in cases like by force or by choice, sometimes we find out our partner is cheating and it's inevitable, we have to go. In some cases they just kick us out or when it's time for us to move on, we just have to put on our big girl pants and say, okay, I'm going, put on our high heels and swing our purse over our shoulder and go, I leave you with love, see ya and move on. Knowing that this was just a chapter, this chapter is done and now it's time to move on. I think if you look at all that has been going on, you truly understand you can't keep this situation going no matter how much you compromise. Is that a fact? So the sooner you get out, would you not be more relieved? Absolutely, right? So it's time for you to say done going out without and just be strong in it. Have faith that you have guidance while you're doing it. Okay. Okay? If you weren't afraid, what would you do? Just move. Exactly.  Always let faith and the knowing that there's something better right around the corner direct your life. Always. So is there anything I can do to have an actual conversation about it not working out anymore? Because there's always a denial that there's any problem. You could but it's, I'm hearing same old same, same old same, same old same. It's like a circle. It's just like a circle. You're running a circle. He's running a circle. Even if you try to have this conversation, it's not going to turn out the way you want it to. It'll be the same conversation that you've had four other times, five other times. And it's not going to move you forward. It's going to keep you stuck. Okay? If you weren't afraid, what would you do? That's what you're supposed to do, right? Right. If there's a parachute, it will open and you're only jumping an inch. So you won't need it. Okay. Okay, okay. So do you have any other questions about that? Yeah, I guess the house that is available is a lot older and not in great shape. And I'm just wondering if it's gonna be good. It's safe. It's safe. It has a lot of character. You'll be able to do a lot with it and you'll be comfortable there. Like I said, it's a transitioning place. It's not your permanent place. You said five or six years? No, I said it won't be for five or six years. I'm sorry. I think it's five or six months. It could be like a year, maybe a year and a half. It's a transitioning place. It's some place that's going to allow you to get stronger, gain back your independence. And then after that, you'll move forward. It actually is a decent landing spot for now. It's not forever. It's just for now. Remember, there's this guy coming in. Maybe he has a great place, right? I wish there was an easier way to present the situation to everybody right now. We always wanted to make it clear. Right, we always want everything to go so very smoothly. We always want everything to be copacetic for everybody. But the truth of the matter is that sometimes, no matter how much logic or kindness we bring into a situation, the other person is not on that level and will not get it. You can only be who you are, but that person can only be who they are. If you have already tried this step, then you have to know that that step does no longer work, and you have to move on from that step to the next step. You can try to write a letter, because sometimes when people read a letter, they understand the words differently. But speaking is just going to get you the same result that you had before. I feel like once you have moved out, there will be a conversation, and it will be a much calmer conversation. And maybe a real one. Not much, more real. As real as is possible for everybody involved is the nicest way I can say that. You can't make somebody come up to a certain level. You can't make, you can't change people. You accept them, or you move on. That's it. So what do I say? Bye. That's up to you. I would say that for you, because you are feeling like you need to explain yourself, put it in a letter. And that's the best way to do it. It's the kindest way to do it. Does that make sense to you? Yeah. Good. I think so. Good. Do I say thank you in a letter, and then bye? If that's what you feel, you put in a letter what you feel, what's true to you, and what's best. And then you move on. Right? Right. So was there something else that you wanted to ask about, or did you have another question about this situation?  And there's a guy that came in right away that has dark hair, salt and pepper, dark hair. So I don't know. My dad probably did dark hair. Yeah. Here, he stands behind this shoulder.  Holding. He's literally saying, I've got your back. You can do this. You're not alone. Let me help you. He is saying also that he, well, of course, he wants you to know he has tremendous love for you. And he would never want you to be in a situation that was anything other than loving. And he is going to be sending you, oh, the cardinal, the cardinal, the cardinal. Have you been seeing a cardinal? Yeah, that's him. The cardinal, the cardinal, the cardinal. He's showing me a cardinal. So that's his sign that to you that he is around is the cardinal. And every time you see it, just know he is there. He is not wavering. And he is not leaving. He's going to be your strength through these next couple of weeks and months to help you do what you need to do.  And you need to start harvesting or harnessing your own inner strength because you are your farm strong. I don't know why you would say that, but he is. He came from a farm. Oh, then that is what there is a confirmation. There's a confirmation that saying that that actually would be a confirmation then. And harvest then would also be just another confirmation. We just have a couple more minutes left. So the other thing he wants you to know is that he is saying to root yourself and that you come from good stock and don't be polluted by bad stock. So I hope that makes sense to you. And he also just again wants to say, he wants you to have a man that loves you as much as he loves you and actually this next guy coming in, the three to six month, he's actually going to take a great part in coordinating that meeting. My dad is? Yes. So he's actually saying he is going to help you to meet in some odd way. OK? It's usually related to cars. Oh, well there you go. But I hope not car accidents. No, it wouldn't be. This is going to be a happy meeting, OK? This is going to be a very happy meeting. So Amy, I want to thank you so much for being on the show today. I hope that this was very, very helpful for you. And after the show, if you have any other questions, I'll be happy to answer them. I know you couldn't ask the really detailed, juicy stuff on the air. But we can get to that off the air. But thank you so much for being on the show and being a guest here today. Thank you. It was such a fun reading. And we will definitely be doing the beach this summer. Absolutely. I want to thank you for watching Psychic Medium Tony G. I know that for each and every one of us, we have questions that we want answers to. We have loved ones that we miss so much. And we just want to be able to get through this life in the best possible way. Part of this is listening to your own inner intuition. And when you do that, you'll be amazed at the answers that come up for you. Thank you so much for watching. And make it an amazing day.


That's not a very flattering look. This is what 557 a.m. Looks like I'm gonna get up and have some breakfast in the hotel I think try to get back Apparently I'm too early for breakfast jet lag So what time is sunrise today? It's 20 past 8 o'clock 820 in the morning as when the Sun comes up. Yeah, and what time is Sun set today? 10 to 4 o'clock So 350 in the afternoon is when the Sun goes down Let's see what it looks like outside at 6 30 almost Oh That's a bit fresh I'm not sure what this Front page of the paper says but I'm pretty sure there's stuff there about truck Because there's not much Sun here. I make sure I load up on vitamin D3 That's 10,000 IU which is kind of the same benefit you get from the Sun not as good, but good enough Even went in another country got to get a leg day in get a workout in at the gym So what would you call Alexa? Any Helsinki? There's a bookshop. Let's go and See what's in here, shall we? So it's just walking in Helsinki and tell it recognize me, right? We're very glad to see James and it was a pleasure to meet him. Here you go Chris. Here's your check All right, so how do you get a mentor as in Chris has been mentored by me and get paid for it like I just paid him Just got a check well done