Okay, so the equivalence of matrix norms basically says that if you have two different norms you can bound the norm of any matrix with respect to the first norm in terms of the norm of the matrix with respect to the second norm. And this is useful again because you may be interested in showing convergence of certain algorithms and in these algorithms you will get a sequence of matrices. Once again we have seen that if you are able to show that the sequence of norms of these matrices, if that converges then the matrix itself will converge. And so we are often interested in showing that the sequence of norms of a matrix converges but then for different problems it may be more easy to take different types of norms and show that that particular norm converges. But that may not be the norm in which you are actually executing this optimization problem that you are interested in. Fortunately for us these norms are all equivalent so if one particular norm is converging then every norm will converge, maybe not to the same value but to some other value. And so it is useful to have this kind of result on equivalence of matrix norms because it means we can use any norm that is convenient for us in trying to show convergence properties. So basically given any two norms, two matrix norms alpha and then there exists a least positive constant cm of alpha beta such that the alpha norm of A is less than or equal to cm of alpha beta times the beta norm of A for every A. In fact, cm of alpha beta can be computed by solving cm of alpha beta is equal to the maximum overall A not equal to 0 of norm A alpha divided by norm A beta. So you take this ratio and you find the biggest number it can take then of course it must be true that norm A alpha is less than or equal to cm of alpha beta times norm A beta for any other A because that is like a sub-optimal A that you are choosing which must satisfy this inequality. So by if I in this you know I just said alpha and beta and there is no I can always just exchange alpha and beta and the way to say that is that there exists this this cm of alpha beta there exists similarly a cm of beta alpha such that A beta is less than or equal to cm of beta alpha times A alpha and this cm of beta alpha is computed as the maximum of norm A beta divided by norm A alpha. So that's a different completely unrelated sort of different optimization problem. So it's not so basically in general there is no relationship between cm of alpha beta and cm of beta alpha but for induced norms that is both alpha norm and beta norm must be an induced norm they are equal. So this is actually theorem 5.6.18 now the textbook has you know a lot a lot a lot of theorems I obviously cannot cover all of them but where where appropriate I'll indicate some theorems mainly I'll focus on stating and proving theorems that we'll actually try and use later in the course but this is just an interesting result that is there in the text that you can go take a look if you're interested. Okay now there's just two more definitions. The first is the notion of a uniterally invariant norm. So we say that this norm is uniterally invariant I'll write this in short here this is the same as this statement here if norm of A equals norm of uav for every A belonging to c to the n cross n c to the n cross n. So one example is the spectral norm okay is uniterally okay this is a small exercise show this start from the definition and you will be able to show that the norm of uav spectral norm is equal to the spectral norm of A for any A and all possible unitary matrices. The second definition is is that so suppose is a matrix norm on c to the n cross n then so this is a new function I'm defining with an h on top which is defined to be the norm of A Hermitian is also a matrix norm okay now this norm that I'm defining here need not be an induced norm it's true for any norm any matrix norm that I can define on c to the n if I instead of computing the norm of A if I say the norm of A is this whatever norm I've defined operated on A Hermitian that is also a matrix norm it's actually straightforward to show this from the definition. So in particular if you take the Frobenius norm this is the square root of the sum of the squares of all entries in the matrix A this is equal to by definition the A Hermitian Frobenius norm so this is the Hermitian or the H norm of the Frobenius norm which is the Frobenius norm of A Hermitian of course a conjugate transpose doesn't change the sum of the squares of all of the magnitudes of all the entries in A so this is exactly equal to A2 and similarly we we defined this with two bars A1 to be the sum of the magnitudes of all the entries of A so similarly if I define this H norm to be the one norm of A Hermitian then again taking the conjugate transpose doesn't change the magnitudes of the entries in A so this is also equal to A1 so this is what we call the L1 norm and the spectral norm so if I take the H of the spectral norm I'll work with the square because that's easier this is equal to I have to compute so when I take the H norm I have to compute the spectral norm of A Hermitian instead of the spectral norm of A and then I have to square it now the spectral norm of A the spectral norm of a matrix is the square root of the largest eigenvalue of A Hermitian A and so if I apply that to this to A Hermitian I get that this is equal to the square of this is going to be rho of the spectral radius of A A Hermitian and this is another result that you have to show in your homework that rho of A A Hermitian is the same as rho of A Hermitian A which is equal to the spectral norm of A square okay so I'm slipping in two different things here one is that I'm showing that the spectral norm of A is invariant to doing this H operation the H norm of the spectral norm is the spectral norm itself and the second thing is I'm saying that the spectral radius is has a nice relationship with the spectral norm in that the spectral norm squared norm A2 squared the spectral norm squared is exactly equal to the spectral radius of A Hermitian A okay so that's the relationship between the spectral radius and the spectral norm or that's a relation between the spectral radius and the spectral norm okay so this is homework so you see that here when I take this H norm it gives you the same norm here also when I took the H norm it gives gives me the same Frobenius norm and the H norm of the L1 norm is also equal to the L1 norm such norms for which H is the same as the norm itself are called self-adjoint norms okay and by the way note that if I compute the max column some norm A H that is equal to the max column some norm of H A Hermitian which by definition is the max row some norm of A and that is different from the max column some norm of A so this is not a self-adjoint norm so max column some norm and max row some norm are not self-adjoint okay so there's one very nice result that says that one the spectral norm is the only matrix norm that is both induced and uniterally invariant the second property is that the spectral norm is the only norm that is both induced and self-adjoint okay the proof of this is in the text but these are again two special properties of the spectral norm which is one of the reasons why and you know multiplying by unitary matrices or taking the conjugate transpose operations are fundamental operations that arise in many many single processing and engineering applications and that's why for many of these applications we are interested in working with the spectral norm because it's invariant to these two operations it's a very special norm in that way okay so it's it's we still have about 12 minutes in the class but the next thing I want to talk about is about some uses of these norms we discussed several theorems but now we can maybe talk about solving linear systems and how these norms help us for example in bounding the error in computing inverses or solving linear systems now if I start on the next thing I need about let me see okay so let's let's just maybe make a few remarks and see how far we can go inverses solutions to linear systems okay so basically if we are given a matrix A which is non-singular we know that A inverse exists but when we want to try to compute A inverse then we may have to compute it on a finite precision arithmetic machine or maybe we don't get to observe A we only get to observe a noisy version of A and then we compute the inverse on a noisy version of A it turns out that under appropriate modeling you can actually generally consider both of these as a system where or a general simple mathematical model under which you can consider both these types of errors is to consider that what you have inverted is some other matrix A plus E so given A in C to the n cross n non-singular so pay attention to this this is important I'm starting out by assuming that the original matrix I wish to invert is actually non-singular and that's why I'm brave enough to try to compute its inverse and we wish to compute A inverse so instead we compute A plus E inverse where E is an error matrix so basically here E is small such that A plus E is also invertible so the error in there are error I've incurred will be this is like an error matrix which is A inverse minus A plus E inverse which I can write as I'll pull out an A inverse out of this so I'll write it as A inverse minus I plus A inverse E inverse times A inverse okay I'm just using the fact that A B inverse is B inverse inverse to write this now yeah go ahead so here we are trying to compute the inverse of a non-singular matrix so this matrix E is it deliberately added or is it you know observed I mean to make it invertible no no no A is non-singular to begin with okay so I can freely write quantities like A inverse otherwise this would be a meaningless thing to write if A could be singular so A is invertible A plus E is also invertible okay it's just that I couldn't compute or I didn't have A exactly in my hands what I got to observe was A plus E where E was a small perturbation on A okay okay such that A plus E was also invertible so I wanted A inverse but I have A plus E inverse in my hand the difference between these two is the error yes now what we've seen is that if the spectral radius of A inverse E is less than one then we can write I plus A inverse E inverse is equal to we can write this as a series sigma k equal to 0 to infinity minus 1 power k A inverse E power k so this is what we just recently we saw this this result okay so so we we can write it like this so now I'll substitute this in here which means that A inverse minus I plus A inverse E inverse times A inverse is equal to A inverse minus sigma k equal to 0 to infinity minus 1 power k A inverse E power k times A inverse now if I take the k equal to 0 term I'll get minus 1 power 0 this thing power 0 is the identity matrix times A inverse so the first term here exactly cancels this A inverse and so I'll be left with this is equal to all the other terms k equal to 1 to infinity and I'll absorb this minus 1 into this and write it as minus 1 power k plus 1 times A inverse E power k times A inverse okay so this is true if so keep in mind my starting point is if row of A inverse E is less than 1 now suppose this is a matrix norm A inverse E measured according to this row of A inverse E is also less than 1 and if I compute the norm of A inverse minus A plus E inverse so that will be equal to the norm of this summation k equal to 1 to infinity minus 1 power k plus 1 A inverse E power k A inverse which is less than or equal to I'll take the norm inside and I'll apply the sub multiplicativity sigma k equal to 1 to infinity norm of A inverse E power k times norm of A inverse now this is not dependent on k so it can come out of the summation and norm of A inverse E is less than 1 so this is summable and so I can write this to be equal to norm of A inverse E divided by 1 minus norm of A inverse E times norm of A inverse so we now know thus we know that the relative error if I define it to be norm of A inverse minus A plus E inverse divided by the norm of the guy I wanted to compute so this is the relative error in computing A inverse this can be upper bounded by norm of A inverse E divided by 1 minus norm of A inverse E if norm of A inverse E is less than 1 that was the assumption we made so we see that you know norms are useful to help us bound the relative error in computing things like A inverse the many more uses which we will see in the next class also with respect to some linear equations but we'll stop here for today and continue on Monday thank you


At Audiology Associates of Prestonsburg, you can live your life the way you want and find the freedom of better hearing. With 40 years of being in the hearing care industry, you'll experience patient care that is specific to you with exceptional follow-up care that ensures your hearing and balance needs are being met. Audiology Associates at 1428 Northlake Drive in Prestonsburg. The students of Milton Hershey Private School in Pennsylvania are paying a visit to Floyd County for a domestic service learning experience. The week-long trip focuses on the students integrating themselves into the community through various activities and beautification projects. In the following summers, the students will return for longer periods of time to continue learning about Floyd County. The Milton Hershey students are in school in Hershey, Pennsylvania. They're in Floyd County this week doing some service learning projects with the goal of learning more about Kentucky and sharing more about the Milton Hershey school and the counties around it in Pennsylvania with the residents of Floyd County. This week today especially we're at the Floyd County Community Center with a project called Camp NOAA and there are students inside and our students are participating and leading events with them today to just do summer fun, just to have fun and to enjoy the community center here. Throughout the week the students will also be hosting a family fun day at the Floyd County library and going to the Floyd County Animal Shelter. Milton Hershey is happy to give their students this type of interactive learning opportunity. We're helping out organizations who are basically already doing really good work here like helping out well right now we're kind of like hanging out with the little kids and doing a lot of stuff with that but we're also going to be doing I think we're going to be going down to the animal shelter too and helping like take pictures there and we're doing a bunch of different service things here with the school. It's definitely something different because I haven't been this far down south because I don't really get a chance to like travel out of state I mean the most out of state I've been is like Maryland which is like right there but um I think it's it's something different but it's it's the people are seem really nice so far and um the like scenery is really pretty. Reporting for mountaintop news I'm Nick Colum.


Hi everyone, Joe for jazby's casebreaks.com coming at you with a full case of 2020 Panini National Treasures football four box picker team number one just dropped today a Very big thanks to everyone here for grabbing your teams There's also we had a big number block right there Arthur got the official last spot mojo star next to his name 60% of the time last spot mojo hits 100% of the time Here are the results and this is we did this in a separate video But here are the results of that mega random number block we did for that specific break So it's just a serial number break for all of those teams All right only for picker team number one. We'll keep that on the next to me right here. I'm sure that'll be Hopefully it'll be a fairly decent stack alright, and here is The full case of NT football Good luck everybody. Here is the first box now. I think Jason already did a two box half case break earlier Which we can run back tonight. We do the second half a little bit later This is our first full case are here ladies and gentlemen. So thanks for getting into it. Thanks for giving this a shot We got more in the store. So check it out. Let's flip this around and let's also I'm gonna use a blank card So we can kind of hide the hits from that top camera Add a little layer of suspense All right. Good luck everybody. Here we go Right out of the gate is 3 out of 50 Devonte Adams Green Bay So the Green Bay is a number block team. So we go by that digit right there. So that is Lee with Number three So he'll get three out of whatever 13 out of whatever 23 33 43 53 63 73 So on and so forth. There's Larry Fitzgerald 79 out of 99 going to Alex and the Cardinals about the Cardinals straight up. Here's a colossal relic Marquis Brown, I think they changed up the font a little bit. I kind of like that 25 out of 99 That'll be for Aaron and the Ravens Got a quad relic for my rivals the Broncos drew lock. No offense Jerry Judy K. J. Hamler five out of 99 Denver number block Denver five is for Rob with Denver five and Nice eight out of ten Sunday Treasures Tyler Boyd. We've got some tiger stripes in there Bangles picked up straight up by Mark You're welcome Lucy. Thank you. Got another bangles tremendous treasures T. Higgins 11 out of 25 another one for Mark to find the guy that threw him the ball right there And we've got Chris Strebler 41 out of 99 for Alex and the Cardinals We got Jersey and Otto Jalen Rager 22 out of 99 Eagles are part of the number that massive number block group Eagles to Is going to be for Tom there you go Tom nice patch autograph DJ Dallas 74 out of 99 So Seattle Again a number of lock team most half of the little over half the teams are going to be in the number block group So that goes to Seattle for and that's going to be for Josh Idlitz who won that spot Randomize the number four gets the DJ Dallas and the last one here is Chase young not a redemption here On a card auto chase young It's NFL gear dual relic and auto 14 out of 99 Jerry Bennington picked up the Washington football team straight up This guy's pretty good All right box one in the books Next box Looks like we got a plate down here, too. You can see that little corner right there It's rounded. I got three out of 25 Derek Carr just one off the one off the Jersey number going to Lee and Vegas three Got Ray Lewis 89 out of 99 for Aaron and the Ravens time is it Game time Well, you got rendez-barber 49 out of 99 for the Buccaneers Tampa Bay 9 is going to be for Joshua Julius peppers 56 out of 99 Panthers Louise with Carolina, there's Joe Burrow dual relic 12 out of 99 For Mark and the bangles Troy Paula Moller 22 out of 49 century materials for the Steelers Steelers 2 is going to be for Tom the plate is a three-color patch and autograph la Michael P. Rhine Anthony Lou picked up the Jets straight up And out of fives and under Anthony Get the train whistle All aboard the big hit Express Nice Nice on-plate autograph to 18 out of 49 Jersey and autograph champ Bailey Denver 8 is going to be for Colin. I got Kenny G. Kenny Galladay 9 out of 49 for the Lions Lions are another number-block team Joshua with nine Carson's asking. What's the bigger car trolled Josh Kelly? Jackson Hayes or Nicola Alexander Walker Jackson Hayes And down here. Oh There he is Justin Herbert One two three four color patch and autograph. That's 20 out of 99 Chargers number block zero Globub nice, right It's pretty awesome. I mean, I know I know How expensive NT can be But it's it's guys like this and he's got great penmanship to It's guys like this. This is why we chase You know in these crazy things Nice. Yeah, right mark hell of a box here Very very nice and we still have two two more to go Two more to go. I Agree Carson saying his patches this year pretty nice as well You're getting some nice color in the windows there It's funny that that that Carson in the chat brought up the The card troll thing because I did I did spy The Chargers logo on the back when I was flipping around the cards And I didn't want to hype myself up and think that it was Justin Herbert, but I was just like And ended up being like Josh Kelly or something like that. No, but it was ended up being Justin Herbert So it worked out for all of us. All right, third box and pick your team one. There's Tom Brady 22 out of 35 Buccaneers two and it'll be for Tom There's Tyreek Hill to 99 That's 90 out of 99 chiefs zero is Globub Colossal relic Terry McLauren 49 out of 99 Jerry with the Washington football team Oh Peyton Manning I signed more often break to here For the same 25 out of 99 Taysom Hill Little light there, but Saints that it's gonna go to Saints five so that dual relic will be for Rob Quad relic Mahomes Tyree killed Travis Kelsey Clyde Edward Dilaire 97 out of 99 and Chief seven will be for Joshua Nice. Yeah, we should be able to run another one of these back a little bit later I'll find you those hits 22 out of 25 Leviska Chanel Jr. Andrew got the Jaguar straight up. Oh my god, Joe Demilure names tripping me up for some reason 11 had a 49 for the bills Buffalo Bills one it's gonna be for Josh In the the old-school bill Jersey and autograph Devon Dover in it for Aaron and the purple birds Couple more here. We've got another Justin Herbert. Wow field pass Justin Herbert for a different number 26 out of 99 Jesse Sanchez Jesse there you go See that's why these number blocks can be pretty interesting to Justin Herbert's but two different people Oh, and this is nice to Henry rugs the third big silver and black patch for my Raiders three out of five Vegas three Lee Nice Lee Lee Wolfram All aboard the Big Hit Express Yeah, those field passes car do look really sharp Jason Right Eric if someone bought the charger straight up in this I think it I think it definitely would have would have paid off Especially as we get closer to the football season The values will continue to start creeping up and box for here and pick your team one pick your team to Also in one of those big number blocks and chances to win spots in the number blocks as well So check that out on jazzy's case breaks calm.  I appreciate that Yeah, we'll need we'll need people to buy spots straight up and Try to win spots as well. So let's slide this blockchain card off from the bottom That's chase clay pool. That'll be for Pittsburgh and Pittsburgh's a number block team. So that'll go to Pittsburgh zero glow bug with that the blockchain redemption What do we got here crossover rookie patch autographs brand logo? Be a low number on this one too. All right in the final box. Good luck everybody. Thanks for getting in We got more in the store on jazpy's case breaks calm So let's make this a good new release day 39 out of his jersey number 87 Travis Kelsey Joshua with KC seven Lamar Jackson 76 out of 99 for Aaron and the Ravens Yeah, and and this this is a great 2021 stuff is just around the corner too. So it's gonna be a few months of really good football products Popping out. There's Calvin Ridley. That's a catch one out of 49 For Ray and the Falcons We've got a dual relic here. We've got old school Steve Largin And newer school Tyler Lockett 42 out of 99 Seattle 2 It's gonna be for Tom. I got colossal Two-color patch Joe mixing That's 20 out of 25 going to mark and the bangles We got a nice to a dual relic 12 out of 50 Miami Miami 2 is for Tom Some nice colors in there and those dolphins colors always pop All right Few more to go. We've got Rico Dowdle rookie autograph 26 out of 99 for Dallas Dallas 6 is also going to be for Jesse and we got a jake from state farm 9 out of 10 It's kind of Yeah, they put a they put a clear Kind of seat right there It's not an open window. They closed it up. That's kind of cool Nice patch in there Uh nine Joshua with Buffalo nine Buffalo A couple more here. We've got Roger Craig 13 out of 25 Niners three for the league Roger Craig All right, let's see last one Mark's looking for For some bangles. Let's see what's going to be it's not a bangle, but it's a bronco A horse instead that is Jerry Judy three-color patch and odd I really like this design right here nice three-color patch and autograph Just maybe an older design of NT if i'm not mistaken The number is 51 out of 99 Denver one is going to be for Joshua and there you have it ladies and gentlemen What a great break. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us. I'm Joe for jazby's case breaks.com more of this in the store Let's go and get it. I'll see you for the next one. Bye. Bye


FNN. The Tiger financial news network update. Good morning everybody. I'm Tommy O'Brien comedy live from TFNN. This is the 10 a.m. Tiger TV update folks and we got markets escalating to the downside in pretty dramatic fashion. Man, we're at market lows right now. Session lows I should say with the S&Ps off 87 points. That's 2.15% to the downside. You get the Nasdaq 100 off 2.55%. You have the Dow right now off 671 points. That's 1.96% and how about the Russell off an even 2% as well. We got some economic data this morning. We jump around to the numbers and you're talking about jobless claims. We got 211,000 folks. Quite a number. And what else did we get though? We got retail sales. The headline I'll get to it. Drop the most in 11 months. Retail sales in November drop 0.6%. And that's after an increase of 1.3% in October. The market was only looking for a decline of 0.2%. So consumers retail sales not as good as the market was thinking folks as the economy potentially taking a hit from some restrictive policies. What else do we have going on the ECB to slow hike pace as it preps market for qualitative tightening? Okay, so they hike by 50 basis points. I was talking about it on my show man in terms of what they're looking for inflation folks. And they are looking for an inflation. Here we go for numbers. Okay, to the tune of 6.3% still in 2023. And then they're only going to see inflation drop to 3.4% in 2024. That has currency markets getting a little bit royal this morning. There's your dollar index. We're back to 103.85. We're as low as 103.60. We jump over to the Euro. Euro US dollar above 107. There's a spike for you. See the action on Tuesday. We're at almost 105. Right now we're at 107 right now in the Euro US dollar. And boy, this market's not stopping folks. Be careful out there. I mentioned towards the end of my program, we're only back to where we were at the start of the week. If you think this is how things look when they get decimated, not the case man. Okay, you put things on a weekly bar and you check out the action. Yeah, all it is is a huge tail to the upside. We don't even have a red bar right now. Okay, we are just back to where we were basically the tail end of last week with the S&Ps off 89 points. Folks will finish it up by jumping over to the volatility index right now. Volatility index finally getting a spike, but not usually the spike you would see on a day where we get the S&Ps down by 90 and the NASDAQ 100 off by 320. Stay tuned, folks. We got a replay this hour. Basil Chapman is doing his live trading webinar. He's got some action in the market, man. That's for sure. I'm going to jump in here right after that segment. You can still check it out if you want on the front page of TFNN. It will be archived and stay


Today I was sent old school vintage packs from a viewer. What's up guys we're back with another epic video and today we have a pretty awesome opening and I have a little note that we're going to start it off with. Hi Ruxen please give my boy Jared A.K. Babushka9000 a shout out. He got me back into collecting Yu-Gi-Oh by showing me your videos. Go Warriors! That's pretty awesome that he got you back into your videos. Go Warriors if you're talking about the Golden State Warriors that's not awesome. So a little bit of a give and take there. But let me tell you what really is awesome after the giveaway. First he sent one pack to be given away to you guys. I'm also going to throw in an Invader Darkness and a Mirror Force so we've got a few things in the giveaway. All you have to do is like this video be subscribed turn on notifications. Let me know your favorite pack you see here. There's a ton of old school stuff. It's going to be pretty fun. All right let's just go through what he sent. Let's just show you guys the epicness. So there's some pretty awesome packs here. We have a Dark Revelation volume one. Pretty nice. We've got another one of those. We've got Ancient Sanctuary. We've got another Ancient Sanctuary. We've got the Lost Millennium. A couple of those. A Pharaoh Servant. Original print Konami logo. We've got the first edition Legacy of Darkness which is awesome. Dark Beating One. A couple of Magicians Force and that's not all. I mean that's already pretty amazing. That's looking really cool. By the way these are not mine. He sent these just to be open for a video. If you guys ever want to do that with some old school stuff you can always message me on Instagram, email, Twitter, all that stuff. Make sure you follow me at Ruxon34 on those. And just send me a message if you guys want something to be open for a video especially if it's like old school stuff. He also sent an original Metal Raiders Blister. This is going to be painful to open but I've done it many times so we'll get over it. And then we have another Metal Raiders Blister. That one's a little bit less nice but still really amazing. We have a Ferontic Guardian first edition which we've opened a couple of these recently. Had really good luck. We have a Shadow of Infinity first edition. That's really really cool. Maybe we can pull Sacred Beasts for the first time ever. I don't know. And then one more Ferontic Guardian. So a pretty awesome selection of packs here like a lot of different old school GX stuff like that. So let's hop right into it. I'm really excited to see what we're going to pull for him. So first off I kind of want to go with the Ferontic Guardian Blister because we've opened a few of these. So let's start off with the stuff you guys have seen a little bit already and save like the you know like the magicians forces and stuff like that for the end. Also dark beginning we don't see a lot so that'd be kind of fun to open up. First edition blister let's go. Okay Ferontic Guardian let's see what we can pull. By the way his name was Jackson D. I didn't I forgot to say that. I thought it would be in the note and it wasn't. So Jackson shout out to him for hooking us up with an amazing opening. I think it's four from the back. Let's not ruin it. We have a Cat of Illum and really really cool card. We have a Reasoning. We have a Master Key on Shea. Very nice. Soul Eater. A Living Wonder of Mystery. Okay Wonder Mystery. Bottomless Shifting Sand. We've got a Man with the Widget. We've got a Kabazal. Very nice. Card Shuffle. Okay it's kind of weird that that's a card but okay. Oh and a Book of Life. Okay this is one I was actually looking up. I was making a goat format zombie deck. This is actually a really good card in that. This card looks like it might be a little warped. If you guys can see that yeah it's a little bit warped. This does happen on some old school like blisters and stuff like that sometimes just because they've been sitting in there for so long. But still first edition Book of Life that's actually a really sick card. Like a really really nice pull especially for that zombie deck. All right next what do we want to do? Like maybe a Lost Millennium. I'm assuming this is a retail pack. If this is a hobby pack it's insane but could be a retail pack. Could be a hobby pack. I don't know. Let's just try and pull the gear golem. Something amazing like that. Let's see what we can pull for Jackson. Two three. I think it's four but we're going to do three on GX. Not really sure. We've got the Guardian Statue. Really cool. The Kamenate Blow. The Also the Earth Charmer. Battery Charger. Charged in Batteries. We've got the Elemental Hero Sparkman. Mind Field Eruption. Very nice. We are recording in fact. The Elemental Hero Clayman. Let's not forget. Brain Control. We got a Super Rare and a Battery Man Double A. That's a Super Rare Brain Control and that's a really good one actually. Okay Brain Control. This is looking good guys. Okay two foils already. Are we two for two? All right I don't even know what we should do next. Like everything is so good. Like there's not really like I guess ancient sanctuary you know. That's probably not that exciting. I mean compared to the other stuff it's like the worst you could find is ancient sanctuary you're doing pretty good. So this is pretty nice. Let's see if we can do an epic opening here. Do an epic opening. Can we get a Secret Rare? We got a Ninjutsu Art of Transformation. I didn't even realize this card was in here. Like I didn't know it but also I kind of forgot that it was that old Arcane Archer. The Forest. Dust Barrier. We've got the Goblin King. All right. Very nice. Pretty cool looking. We've got a Mystic Walk. Emissary of the Oasis. A Micro Array. And can we go three for three here? Let's see. Theban Nightmare. All right we're not going to go three for three but that's okay. Theban Nightmare is another card that I really really remember. Like I must have had a few of these or something but I remember this artwork. Like it was yesterday almost. Okay I think now we do maybe a Dark Revelation. I actually need a Ryu Koki for my zombie deck because that's actually a weirdly hard card to find even though it's mostly common. And that's probably why it's so hard to find because like I don't really hang on to my commons that much you know. And if I do they're just in boxes like compared to foils and old school stuff. So I was having trouble finding them. I need three. I only have two. So if he pulls a common here I'm pulling like hey you want to sell me this common real quick. All right we got a tip 12 out of 30 Spirit Reaper. That's a rare. I think that means we don't get a foil but not really sure. We got the Guardian Chaos. Very nice. Dark Cat with White Tail. Very interesting because the tail is I mean he's not really he's kind of dark and he's tails kind of dark. I don't know. Okay Cyber Raider. Weird. We've got a Wing Sage Falcos. Pretty cool. Nightmare Horse. This is originally from Faraday Guardian. Dark Scorpion Combination. All right. Or Synnal A Rubber. Very cool. Pineapple Blast. That's a fair servant card I think. Dark Snake Syndrome. And we're out of Silence Case. Wait there's another one. And then a Cestus of Dogla. All right so it looks like the rare at the front does mean you know get anything. That's such a weird placement on that pack. I can never figure out where the rare is going to be. All right next up let's do the Shadow Infinity First Edition pack. I hope we can pull a Sacred Beast. That would be in Sanity. It's weird like Shadow Infinity Blisters just kind of don't look that good. Like to be honest like you know how they have the artwork and all the other ones. Like look at all this it's like full art and this is like well it's like there's nothing. They don't care about this blister at all. It's very weird how they did that. I really wish they kept up how the old blisters look like. The artwork and like the collectability of those is insanely high. Like they just look so good. Let's go. Let's see what we can pull. One, two, three, four. We have a Malice Ascendant. Attack Reflector Unit. Cyber Dragons added again. Ancient Gear Cannon. Grass Phantom. Chain Thrasher. We've got a Sam Sara. Go keep on. End of the world. And we've got a Princess Pickaroo. We were not looking for that one. Okay we're still only like two four four though. We're doing pretty or two for five. We're doing still doing pretty good. Let's do this Legacy of Darkness.  It's like a mini blister. You know they stick that on there so don't have to be in the blister. Very interesting. I okay we're gonna have to open it the opposite way because that's not gonna let that happen. Let's see if we can pull something cool out of Legacy of Darkness. There's a lot of good options here in this set. We've opened a lot of this on the channel. We've had some pretty good luck. Life Absorbing Machine. Very creepy. Wait is that a machine? That looks like a crab. I don't know. That's like Paris like in Pokemon you know where he's like it's actually the mushroom that's the parasite. Greatest option. We've got the Elluciary Gentleman. Very nice. Legendary Ocean. A classic card. Bad reaction to Samochee. A Robo Lady. We've got the Serpentine Princess. A Spear Ryu and we have Lesser Fiend. A fiend that is lesser. Okay he's a little lesser but he is also my champ so it's not too bad there. I think it's time to go for one of the Magicians Force Loose Packs. Can we get Dark Paladin? Can we get Breaker? Dark Magician Girl? Any of that crazy stuff. And there's a freezing beast right off the bat. We have one, two, three, four. Let's see if we can pull something crazy. Aitsu. Very nice. Dark Cat with White Tail added again. There's the MFC version. Exhausting Spell. The Giant Orc himself. Freezing Beast. People running about. Although they always suffer in silence, they swear an oath to inevitably revolt. Very nice. Secret Barrel. A burn card. Very nice. Magical Plant. Mandragola. And what shall we get? Oh a Z Metal Tank Super Rare. So we have another Super Rare. Pull quite a few Super Rares in this video. The card appears to be in pretty nice condition. So we have a third Super Rare. That is pretty sick. Z Metal Tank. All right. Time to go for the Ferrani Guardian First Edition Blister. We're going to save those MRD for the end. Or at least, you know, more toward the end because MRD, it's my favorite set. It's the most classic, I think, out of maybe, maybe even more than LB. It's pretty amazing. First Edition Ferrani Guardian. Let's pull a Lava Golem. Let's pull something crazy. Let's pull a Dawn Zalook. Somebody bought one of my blisters off Rex34.com. Pulled a Dawn Zalook Ultra Rare. I was like, dang, I'm jealous. That is my favorite card from this set. Charm of Shop Team. We've got the Pyro Clock of Destiny. Except maybe Ring of Destruction, which is not in a blister, so you can't pull it. Different Dimension Capsule. Swarm of Locust. Dark Dust Spirit. A Man with the Widget. Cabezols. Card Shuffle. And we have a Nightmare Wheel Ultra Rare. Let's go. Nightmare Wheel Ultra Rare. Wow, that is pretty nice condition. A little bit off-centered, but that is pretty amazing. When I opened my first Ferrani Guardian Mooster Box, it was actually a Nightmare Wheel Box as well. So that's the first Ultra Rare of the video. Pretty good pull so far for, like, old school packs. Okay, I'm, like, actually amazed at how well we're doing. Let's go Lost Millennium. Let's do the second one of these. We have pulled four foils already, which, like, that's insanely good for old school packs. So let's keep going. Let's keep it up. Mine gold, when we get the Gravelure. Also the Earth Charmer. An impenetrable formation. Peekaroo's Second Sight. Moe Interceptor Kennens. Gift of the Martyr. Heat of the Fire Charmer. And Mid Shield Gardener. He's mid. Okay, Ancient Sanctuary Time. Then we're going to go into one of those Metal Raiders. This is actually First Edition, so this is still really cool. Ancient Sanctuary First Edition. Old school 11th set ever made. Let's see what we can pull. Will it be something epic? Will it be a secret rare? We have Blessings of the Nile. Legendary Jujutsu Master. Legend Jujutsu Master. The Beckoning Light. That's a common in here. Cool. The Ka-2 Death Scissors. The Earthquake. Piranha Army. Human Wave Tactics. And it's the next one. Solar Flare Dragon. And we have a Theven Nightmare. Both packs that Theven Nightmare. Maybe that's why I remember it so well. It was in every single Ancient Sanctuary pack. Metal Raiders Original Print Time. 2002 Unlimited. Let's go. Pakenio Maw Time. Oh, that one opened perfectly. That's nice. And just look at this blister. Oh my goodness. B Skull Full Artwork. Literally insane. They absolutely crushed the original blisters. They are so good. Metal Raiders. Good job, Konami. Big Proud. Let's see what we can pull here. Will it be something insane? Metal Raiders Unlimited Print. But original Unlimited Print. We have a Dragon Piper. He's piping. We got the Germ Infection. Ancient Lazard Warrior. Seven Colored Fish. Yep, that's right. Including the lips. Electric Lazard. Dome of the Angel of Silence. Rainbow Flower. Reukishan Powered. All right. What's up, man? And is it the next one? It's a Grande Maw. We've got the Grande. It's not a foil, but the Grande Maw has been summoned. Very, very nice Metal Raider stuff there. Five packs to go. I think it's time we go with Pharaoh's Servant Original Konami Logo Print. Can we get the Jynzo? Let's go. Can we pull it? Jynzo Time. One, two, three, four. I believe we can do this. We have a Flame Champion. Respect, play. Shaking them hands. We've got the Gruchin Kuagata. Souls of the Forgotten. Insect Imitation. Attack and Receive. Gift of the Mystical Elf. World Suppression. And we have a Appropriate. All right. They look like they got some, some cash money going on there, but maybe not cash technically, but money. Okay. Dark Revelation Time. Please pull a Raikouki. I want one. I want a Raikouki. It's not even my pack. I just want it so I can ask Hawaii. Okay. I think the next one would be if it's a monster. So we're about to be spoiled right away potentially. Okay. Grape Fever's Vassal. It is not it. Dark Bishop Archfiend. Magical Plant Mandragola. Very nice. We've got the Charm of Shabti. Desfair Limp. Cool. Helping Robo for Combat. Dramatic Rescue. Whoa. Is that our, that's our rare, I guess. Okay. Battlesguard. Really nice. Got the Disarmament. Is that the end? Dark Core. Dark Room of Nightmare. And Mega Ton Magical Cannon. That is it. Okay. Those are such weird packs. Just really confusing. All right. We now have these left. Magician's Force Dark Beginning and One Metal Rage. Let's do Dark Beginning one. Let's see what we can pull out of here. Can we get something really epic? DB1. I really wish they had added secrets to this set. It would have made it a lot better, but still pretty cool set. We have Tip Card 17 out of 50. Oh, there's a guy right at the beginning. Wait. Does that mean, is that it? Four Star Ladybug of Doom? Reaper of the Cards? Does it work the same way? Send you. Invader of the Throne. We have a Gross Ghost of Fled Dreams. Mirror Wall. Fake Trap. I thought this was in the middle. Type-Zero Magic Crusher. Shallow Grave. Messenger of Peace. And a Insect Barrier. Wow. Those are not very dramatic when you get a Monster Rare. They're not at all. Okay. MFC. Two packs to go. So overall, pretty decent. We slowed down definitely from the beginning. The beginning we started off super hot, but still pretty decent. Kaiser Call of See. I'm there. That's a good card. Let's see if we can get something good. We have My Body as a Shield. Miracle Restoring. Amazonas Paladin. Zombie Tiger. Once again, thanks to Jackson for sending these. Pretty amazing. Kaiser Call of See him. Amazonas Blow Piper. We have the Gather Your Mind Pigeon Holding Book of Spells. And now known as, what is it? The Spellbook of Organization or something like that. And then we have the Armored EXE file. There we go. Very nice. All right. Final pack for Jackson D. Can we pull him something crazy in the final pack? This one's actually slightly open. So, all right. Maybe that's why they're open so well. They're a little bit unsealed, which happens with blisters sometimes. Metal Raiders Original Unlimited Print. What in the world? This one's all like dusty. Probably because it had a little hole in there. Let's see if we can pull something crazy. We have one, two, three, four. Whoa. There is a, oh, there's a ding on this card. And, oh no. Wait a second. Okay, time out. Let's see what this is first. Yadakaru. We got the, uh, this is resealed. There's a left arm reprint. Yep. This is definitely resealed. Um, Buster Blader. Baby Dragon. Chaos Amp. Wait, what? Oh, it's a reseal for the giveaway. What the heck, man? I noticed that damage on the back and I was like, this doesn't look good. Okay. So, that was weird. We saved the fake reseal for the end. What in the world? So, I guess all of these are in the giveaway? What was the card I saw in the back that was like kind of damaged? I guess it was this one. Okay. So, these are now in the giveaway. We have five. One is a Chaos Ember Dragon. Okay. That was surprising. All right. All right. Cool. That was weird, but awesome. Actually very, very surprising. I was not expecting it. So, that was cool. So, you guys can win this. Make sure to like the video and be subscribed to our notifications. Once again, thanks to JacksonD for sending these to be opened. I'm confused. I don't know what's going on right now. So, if you enjoyed the video, just subscribe to the channel. Shout out to Choice333, NightshadeGamingYT, Hayden Jameson, Squirtle, Hoppus, FlexiBoy, Dizzy, Ernesto D'Anda, Puffins of Doom, TCG Trouser, Cards, JTcho, Tomato Juice, Daxter, Tonefo Show, and then it's high show, Christopher Ward, Ian Musa, John Nolan, Junior Barting, Mike Nance, Mimic Echo, Seth Fisher, Stanley, Thomas McLean, and ToneZ. Thank you guys for supporting the channel and I'll see you guys next time. Peace.


It's a folly con, t-t-t-t-t, it's a folly con, t-t-t-t-t, it's a folly con And Rethic Roshan Hurabatukamon, t-t-t-t-t-t, they're gonna show us a brand new trailer, they're gonna show us a brand new trailer. You don't have Rithic on the wall. Josh! Hello, hello. Is he in there? Hold on, he might be in there. Yeah, he is. He is? That doesn't count. That doesn't count. Well, safe isn't up there. No, he's up there. Where? The mask. We got a whole mask of safe. Oh, that's right. We have a full facial mask. And Dachata-hey poster. Wow. So where's the respect for... Sorry, had to get out of that. Obviously, you know why you're here. Yeah. Because the new diddy. The new teaser for Vikram Veda. Vikram! Oh, different Vikram. Different Vikram. Agentina. Hopefully. Fork the bad guys. Just came out with the starring, obviously it's the remake of the I believe Tamil film with Rithic Roshan, his three-year comeback after... Has been three years since Super 30? He was at the beginning of the channel, yeah. That was one of the first things we saw in theaters. We saw Super 30 in theaters. But we saw that after Debran Gershnach. Yes. Yeah. Saif Ali Khan and Radhika Opte amongst others. Amongst other peoples. The stuff I've seen from this are just still shots of Rithic and he looks hot. Then he has a beard. Yes. If Corbin says he's hot.  He's got a beard.  Hopefully, at some point, Radhika Opte will have a beard and then she will be even hotter to Corbin. Wow. Imagine her with a beard. I just came. Anyways, that is all we know currently. So we're just going to get into the little teaser here. Wait a minute. What? It says it's 154. That's one heck of a long teaser. Well, maybe you'll be teased. I hope they tease me. With a long teaser. Let's see how this one does. Can it bring back the greatness of Bollywood? Yes, indeed quite. It can if there's nepotism and cocaine.  No wonder you love Bollywood. As I sniffed cocaine off my wife's boobs. Here we go. Oh, yeah. There we go.  Is that the same singer from the other Vikram song? The crazy. I love Crazy Rithik. Hell yeah. No, no, no, no, no, no. That's just straight from the... No, no, that's not... That's not... No, but that's from... What the f... Penzoil commercial. Sexually mobile super sorry. To lubricate yourself after you've watched Rithik with Crazy Rithik. No, the singer was the... Because I love that song. We were walking in after we had come from the grocery store. We were walking home into the house and out of nowhere from out of my pants, we hear... Really? That happened today. Yeah, it happened today. Somehow, out of nowhere, it turned... My playlist turned on in my pants. I love when that happens. I love Crazy Rithik. I do too. I'm loving that. Has he played a villainous character before? Like, this is kind of villain. No. Well, obviously we haven't seen everything he's done, so that's why I'm asking you. Right, of what we've seen. But normally I see him as either the good guy or... The most out of sorts we've seen him was Gersnatch. Agnepathy wasn't a villain, right? It's not a villainous role, right? Because I know that was the remake with the... Of Amitabh's character. Yeah, no. No, he looks really... He looks nuts. It's good. I like that. It is good. I love the look of it. And Sartaj running around too. Yeah, I wish... I mean, it didn't... I don't know much of the story based on what we were just looking at, other than obviously... Safe is out to get him. And he seems to be out to get him too. But the thing for me, just... That is the selling point that I want to see, is I want to see more of why he's crazy-eyed and I want to see more of that great stunt work. Oh, yeah. It looks like it's incredibly violent. Yes. P.S. Finod. Didn't we just see P.S. Finod in something? I think so. Was it one of the things we just watched? Oh, was he the original cinematographer of the original film? He might have been. Well, I did the same director too. It's that thing... How often does that happen? Apparently it happens all... Well, I don't know if it will now because they're all failing. Yeah. But like the Jersey one, same director as the original... I remember that. Yeah, so... Has it started yet? Boycott, Vikram Veda? Has that started? I imagine. Because I know Brahamashtra started already. Brahamashtra... Well, the... Pathans already started. Yeah. So, if it's anything Bollywood, they're going to boycott it. But I loved the look of it. I did too. I think it looks like it'll be... Well, perfect. Way to go to the screen shot of his crazy eyes. Yeah, he's got some... He had at least three moments of really looking like he's lost his marbles. And look at him. Yeah. He's dirty and hairy. Dirty hairy. He'd make a good dirty hairy. And then he... Yeah. He's the right age now that he'd make a really good dirty hairy if he wanted to make that. He throws off blood on the samurai sword here. Yeah. So, he's just... So, he's full-fledged. I just want to know. People just like, you know, Shawer Khan, if his fans love him in a certain role and he does stuff different, I don't know that Rithik's done this a lot. I love it. Me too. Obviously. Obviously. I love that he's challenging himself and doing different stuff and still pushing the boundaries for him. Yes. He's done good work. We've seen him do good work. Absolutely. In quite a few things. Yes. In Lakshya in... What am I thinking? At Super 30, he did a good job. Joda Akbar. He was... I loved him in Deborah. Yeah. He's constantly been a good actor. Constantly good and somebody that like all the actors that we like always want them to stretch themselves and do characters that are intriguing to them and stretch them and let us see new facets of who they are and the characters they portray. But I guess he likes doing different things. Yeah. Because even though like there were certain aspects of like Gershnacht that we didn't love, that's a... Right. That's a different role. But it's a very different... That was a very different role for him. For... I'll tell you what. Somebody who was almost invisible in this teaser was Radhika Opte. It's almost like she was hardly in it. I think she was in it. Barely. Right. There she is. Underneath safe. 47 seconds. 47 seconds in. I could have told you where she was at all times. That's cool. I hope she gets more than that in the role. I think she plays one of their wives. Hopefully saves. 52 seconds. Rithic going off. Crazy-eyed. He's mad. Because it's such a... He looks like Sartaj outside of just he doesn't have the turban now. Yeah, very much. Do you think he's... Because obviously Seif was also more in the romance role in the earlier days of his career. Oh, for sure. Right? Yeah. Obviously we saw Dilchata. Yeah. He was goofy, silly rom-com guy. Rom-com guy. Yep. And didn't you... You saw Sacred Games, right? And you're like, this is the best he's ever done, right? Yeah, right? And I remember reading somewhere that that really like put him in a new light for folks. But then we also loved him in... I'm not remembering the name, but he played the bad guy. Tahanji. Yes. That's it. Good memory. It was Tahanji and he did a really good job. Did a really good job. Yep. Played a really good bad guy. I'm wondering if he's wanting to kind of change... Obviously he's much older now, so he could play different roles and he's more mature and he knows he maybe can't play the big romance roles. And then maybe that's obviously back in the day you chased those leading roles. Yeah, exactly. Yeah. That's a liberating thing. Yeah. It really can be. So... As long as the people who watch you are open to that, which seems to be, he was really well received with Sacred Games. Yeah.  Got one. Got a loved one. Actors work with Anuragashi up. Yep. But man, this actually looks... I'm so excited to see Rithik. Yeah, me too. I think he looks... This could be a career performance for him, I think, if it's obviously done correctly. Yeah. And... With that alone right there, he looks in every frame. Great shot. A minute 17. Yeah, minute 17. In every frame he looks fully invested 100%. It's dangerous though, too, to go that crazy if it doesn't work. That's what I'm saying. Yeah. Because if you do all this stuff and it just looks like you're trying to be crazy, right? Right. It doesn't look like that, but that's the fear. It's the difference between playing crazy versus being crazy. Yeah. But it doesn't look like he's playing crazy. It looks like he's done his homework and it looks like he's being this character. I hope we get to see him kill people with his thumbs. Yes. Right in the eyes. Yes. I would love it. I'd love to talk to them, too. Oh, yeah. I would love to be able to... So, September 30th. Is that what it said? Yeah. Cool. It's the same day as PS1. Is it? Money Rotten, I'm feeling it. Okay. I don't think they'll affect each other. Obviously, that one's going to do really well in the south. Yeah. They probably do. Who knows? Hopefully, really well in the north. But Bollywood hasn't had a great track record this year with people going to their films. No.  Lowsing Chhattah. Yeah. Highest grossing film for India overseas this year. Is it? Oh, like America and everywhere else. Right. Other than India. Yeah. It's the highest grossing. Yeah. Because it's a good movie. Yeah. It just shows you the differences when you get out of certain places, toxic places. Yes. I'm not saying India's toxic. I'm saying, you know what I'm talking about. The boycott people.  The boycott. The boycott people. People are like, corporate calls India toxic. I heard it.  Anyway, let us know what you thought about the teaser and Rithik and Saif and Radhika. Please come on the channel.  That's true.


Hello, this is Nick from Laptop Media, and today we will show you how to open the MSI Thin GF63 12V. For removing the bottom plate, you have to undo 12 Phillips-head screws. That's the easy part. You can start the prying process from the front of the device, and you can leave the back side for the end. Then you have to flip the laptop and pop up the small cap behind the lid. After that, you can pry the last section with a plastic tool. Please remember, it would be of great help to us if you just hit the like button and subscribe to our channel. That would motivate us to make even more and better videos for you. The 52.4Wh battery is glued to the chassis, which is a bit of a nightmare if you want to take it out. The unit has enough juice for 6 hours and 40 minutes of web browsing, or 6 hours and 15 minutes of video playback. That's an okay result considering the small capacity and the thirsty H-Series CPU. MSI uses double-sided tape for fixing the battery to the base. The tape is extra sticky and taking off the battery isn't very easy. The easiest way to ungluing the unit is to start from its left side. From there on, you can work away around the battery, but you have to be very careful. Note that we unglued the battery in advance for the purpose of this video in order to avoid possible damage. That's why the disassembly footage of the battery removal looks easier than it actually is. Keep in mind that it's really hard to pull out the connector from the main board if the battery isn't removed. The touchpad is placed right below the battery, so if you are working harshly, you can break something. There are two sold-ins for up to 64GB of DDR4, 3200MHz memory and dual channel. For storage, we can spot a single M.2 slot compatible with Gen4 SSDs and a SATA slot for regular SSDs or HDDs. There are two thick thermal pads placed beneath the pre-installed NVMe for extra cooling. The cooling has a single fan, one heat pipe shared between the CPU and the GPU, and one more dedicated to each chip. The rest is two heat sinks, a metal plate above the graphics memory and the VRMs, and two heat spreaders.


This is our home, and home to millions of other species. There is no separation. The air you breathe in is the air phytoplankton and trees breathe out.  We all come from the one.  We are here not as an accident. Why would we posit this incredible adventure as an accident? Don't allow this nihilistic first principled mistake. There is deep purpose and meaning to this. For us to experience an adventure in consciousness. For us to feel the illusion of separation. For us to creatively express ourselves in this material spiritual world. To become more alive. Mary, science and spirit. Steward this earth. Steward each other. Kindness and abundance for all is our religion. Live long and prosper.


...by special recording, The Lone Ranger! ... ...Hyo Silver! Fiery horse with a speed of light, a cloud of dust, and a hearty Hyo Silver! The Lone Ranger! ... Before this exciting adventure, a word from our sponsor. ... With his faithful Indian companion title, the daring and resourceful mask rider of the planes led the fight for law and order in the early western United States. Nowhere in the pages of history can one find a greater champion of justice. Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear. From out of the past come the thundering hoofbeats of the great horse Silver! The Lone Ranger rides again! Come on, Hyo Silver! Let's go, people! HYO SILVER! HYO SILVER! The mission of Santa Maria stood at the edge of a desert, clustered around the main building with a house of Potrae Philippe, the cabins of a few servants and Indians, and a lofty tower, the bells in which could be heard even farther than the tower could be seen. It was the hour of Vespers when the Lone Ranger and the Toto turned their forces into the mission courtyard. Seeing no one around, they rained up near the bell tower.  There's the Potrae. This is your mission. Why are you here in the mask? This letter will introduce me. Please read it. Oh, very well. From another Potrae whom I need not name, we know him well. So I do. He calls you a good friend. That is enough for me. He told me that you asked his advice and help in the matter of a missing book. Oh, now I understand your presence. What was the nature of the book? It was the journal of the founder of this mission. A handwritten manuscript bound and horse hide. I discovered it only recently among the many old documents in the mission archives. Indeed, I had not found time to read it before it disappeared. Could it have been mislaid? No, no, my son. Much as I regret to say so, it must have been stolen by a man I trust. Oh, see. He is Stephen Dunn, a land agent with an office in the town of Casa Grande. I often met him through research work in the mission archives. He alone had an opportunity to remove the journal. All right, we will see that, ma'am Padre. Thank you, my sons. But use no violence, I beg you. It can be avoided. Very nice to meet you. Adios. As the mask man and Indian set out for Casa Grande, which was some 15 miles from the mission, Stephen Dunn opened his office door to two burly men in rough clothes. Howdy, Scrap. Howdy, Gus. Come here and grab some chairs. I heard you wanted to see us, boss. I sure do, boys. You want us to help you flee some other tender foot? Not this time. I've hit on something a lot bigger than selling worthless land. Spring it. Hey, see this thing? We'd be blind if we didn't. There's no notebook. It's the journal of the Padre who built Santa Maria Mission. He wrote it better than 200 years ago. Yeah, what of it? Right here, he tells of coming to these parts with a bunch of Spanish soldiers. They'd been to a mine somewhere and had a heap of gold. You aim to sell a worked-out mine on the strength of that? Let me go on. The Spaniards lost most of their horses, so they couldn't pack all the gold. They could all mend back across the desert to Mexico. The old Padre and some others stayed behind and started the mission. What happened to the gold? They couldn't use it to buy anything, so the Padre made it into the five bells at the mission. There was no iron around and the gold worked up easy. You can't stuff us, boss. Gold won't ring. I won't. A gold piece rings. Well, that's hard gold. It's mixed with sound. So was the gold used in the bells. Five gold bells? It was a couple fortunes. You know, they're mighty heavy. We can get them down with rope and tackle and haul them off in a wagon. If we're careful, we won't even wake up the Padre and his engines. We can melt them down that old smell that you've been trying to sell. That was my plan. When do we go after the bells? Tonight. I've got a wagon waiting at the corral. It's loaded with all the gear, provisions and water we'll need. Now, wait a minute. There's one thing I want to know before we start. What if Gus and me get out of this? Why, the usual ten percent? It isn't enough for a big job. We won't equal shares for equal dangers. Well, that's how it is. Gus, he's drawing. Don't, don't, don't, don't stab me again. I don't need you. You're finished. Let's get out of here. There's no need to hurry. Nobody comes to this office at night. I got the book. Leave it, leave it. Don stole it. The sheriff finds it. He'll figure anybody low enough to rob a pod, right? Needed. Yeah, but it tells about the bells. Tear those pages out and we'll burn them later. Hey, our savvy. There. That's it. Well, we'll go after those bells. Meanwhile, the low ranger and turtle had arrived in Casa Grande. Standing in an alley which ran beside the land agent's office, they studied the place. The masked man was singing. There are no windows all the same. It looked like tonight. I'm out of speak window. Somebody came on on tour, was he? Maybe land agent. One of them. No, they're too roughly dressed and hard to take care of. Yes, two of them. All right. It's good time to go in now. All right, come on. Here's his door. It looked like anybody here. Look, there on his desk. Ah, old book. It's a journal of the old Padre. He must have it. Yes. Look behind desk. Man on the floor. Must be done. He's dead. Stabbed. He hasn't been dead more than a few minutes. Maybe we saw killed him. Come on. They're not in sight. What we do? We take a quick look along the street and notify the sheriff. Sheriff Mark Mason was an old and daring lawman, but he had the faults of being impulsive and jealous of his authority, maintaining that he could keep order in the county without assistance. He had long since fired his deputy and dispensed with the use of posses. Sitting in the jail office with a month old newspaper in front of his face, he heard the door open. Without lowering the paper, he growled, And what is it? I want to report to you. Nice, man. Good to meet you. Hey, Sheriff. We're on your side of the law. Then what's that mask for? Let's talk about that after I report a murder. Where did it? Who's been murdered? The masked man quickly told what he and Tato had seen and found, explaining about the old manuscript. The sheriff's eyebrows contracted as he listened. Then he exploded. What business did Partway Flee pair sending for a mask, to look into a stealing case? I neither ask nor take credit for any help I give the law. But that's beside the point. But we're talking the killers are escaping. I'll get them in my own good, damn. I know from your descriptions just who they are. You do? Sure. Here, a couple of poor cats called Gush and Scrap, who hold up on a run-down ranch on Squawk Creek. They've been helping Don on some shady deals, so I reckon they killed him over dividing the money. Well, that kid would be good. That creeps we are. Huh. Then pull gun when we turn back. Well, that's a good gun. As the sheriff reached for the Lone Ranger's guns, Tato used his hips to give a violent shove against the peers at which the lawman stood. Joe hit the sheriff's lung as gun toward the Indian. At the same instant the Lone Ranger whirled and grabbed his gun hand. I don't. Let loose my arm, eh? Just had to get out of his hand, Tato. He got it. Sorry about this. But you gave us no choice. Give this arm now. If you can be sure you're scared, eh? That's worse than murder. We'll leave it in front of Donald Rappers. You'll pay for this. It was several hours later when the masked man and Indian swung from their saddles in front of the Padres house. The aged priest met them at the door, lamp in hand, and lighted their way inside. Come in, my son. Thank you, Padre. You're not gone long? Only long enough to get your manuscript. Do you mean? Here it is. Yes, that's the journal of the founder of the mission. But how did you recover it? That wasn't difficult. But he found it on Dunn's desk. He was dead. Murdered by two men on a scrap and gust. See, I have heard of that evil pair. Apparently they did not share Dunn's belief that this book was worth taking. Though it would seem. It's a thousand thanks for recovering the journal, my sons. Oh, will you not rest here tonight? We appreciate your hospitality, Padre. But a bright moon and cool breeze makes us a good night to ride. We have a long journey ahead of us. Adios, sir. As the long-range urine truffle rode away from the mission, the killer smothered the land agents' wagon in a coffin near by, just pointed with a slip. There's the bell tower. And there's a light. It's in the Padre's house. I'll keep you up, Felipe. I don't know, but we can't wait for him to go to sleep. Well, let's get down and do it. Padre Felipe was deeply engrossed in reading the recovered manuscript. He had discovered that three pages were gone, freshly torn from the others. But he gave that mystery little flock so great was his interest in what remained. As he traced the faded writing with a finger, there was a knock on the door. The Padre looked down puzzled. Who is there? I'll be with you in just a moment. Grabbing scrap. I've got it. Let me go.  We'll continue our Lone Ranger adventure in just a moment. Now, to continue. The Lone Ranger and Tato had left Santa Maria Mission after recovering an old manuscript which had been stolen from Padre Felipe's archives. Shortly after their departure, two killers known as Scrap and Gus seized the Padre at his door. The Padre was protesting. Do you men know what you are doing? Better than you do. Now, stop talking and start walking. Marching the priest into the cottonwood grove at the point of a knife, the killers gagged him and lashed him to a tree. Then they drove their wagon to the bell tower. Swiftly and silently they unloaded their gear and lugged it up an inside ladder that led through a trap door to the bell free. Their Gus scraped blankets over the four openings. After done, he struck a match. So let's look at the bells. They're fastened to this beam with bolts. They're big rivets. Alright, let's get busy with the tools. Spaniards will face the blast forever. Meanwhile, the Lone Ranger and Tato had interrupted their ride in order to rest their horses. As they stood in the trail, the Indian asked, Well, what time came it, Sabi? Oh, I'll see. Hmm. Oh. What's wrong? You lose watch? No, I found something in another pocket when I reached for a match. The piece of paper that wasn't there before a night is like parchment. Oh, and he got candle to match his hair. Now, you've got light to see. That is parchment. It's freshly torn. But to follow that old manuscript I had in that pocket, he's got words on it. Four complete words left. One is Santa, another is Maria. That's a mission of course. Another is Campania, meaning bell. The last one is oral, which means gold. Oh. And what's your make of it? The valuable pages of the manuscript were torn out. This graph is part of one. No, me, Sabi. It's why we find stolen books in plain sight beside dead men. Yes, that fact should have been processed at the time. Must be them colors after something that mission. Yes, and the pottery may be in danger. Get matters to the shoulder easy. Got easy, Colin. We're going back to the mission. More to the left. Hello. Somebody on the trail ahead of us. Can you pull up? Yes, you can. Mr. Sheriff, do what we do. Go to the right. More to the left. End bullets. Company called. He's following us. We still have running. I will take time. We're separated. One in ten, Colin, will be able to reach the mission quickly. He's having. Adios. Looking back a few moments later, the whole Rangers saw that Mr. Sheriff had chosen to pursue Tahoe. He turned his big white horse toward the mission again. All seemed peaceful at the mission when the last lambish mounted near the entrance and cautiously made his way to the pottery's house. Think noises drifted down from the belfry guided by the moonlight which poured through the open portal. He found the ladder, loosened his guns, and began a stealthy ascent. Through the last river, we can push that bell loose now. Oh, wait. I heard something below. Get your ears down on the trapdoor. Sure. I think somebody's coming up the ladder. Get back and let him come through. Shoot and I'll wake up the Indians. I'll get him with my knife. The long ranger looked at the trapdoor just far enough to see it was pitch black in the belfry. The masked man threw the door wide open. At the same time, he used his free hand to remove his white hat. Which he knew would be visible, even in the deep gloom of the belfry. Holding it by the brim, he slowly lifted it through the opening. There he is. Tell me gold! Just struck. So savage with the downward stab of his blade that when it sliced into nothing but an empty half, he almost fell headlong through the hole. As he struggled to save himself, the whole ranger leaped from the ladder to the floor. Unable to determine the odds against him, the masked man backed toward a wall, drawing and draining his guns in the direction of the trapdoor. Who are you? Why are you here? At the sound of his voice, a scrap leaped upon his back, getting one arm around his neck. I got him, Gus! Help me! Hold on, little scab! I'm coming! As he smuggled to his feet, the lone ranger's fingers came into contact with one of the blankets which covered the openings in the tower wall. He grabbed it and jerked it loose, letting in a flood of moonlight. The light revealed that the killers were crouched and ready to charge. Grab, Gus. You better give up. He knows that. He's got a mask on. A mask and an outward two against one. He'll even through that hole. The cooks closed in. The masked man swung a powerful right at Gus. Hey! He caught the killer on the side of the hat, knocking him backward into the bell. He showed and hit the bell, which clanged as he fell. Partly had the dinner of the bells died out when there was another, even more ominous sound. The beam on which the five heavy bells had hung for two centuries was giving way. Weakened by age, the work of the cooks and the fight that was in progress. Gus scrambled to his feet with a yell. The beam broke! Curling scrap aside, the masked man leaped for the opening from which he had torn the blanket. At the same instant, the beam broke. A turn of bells crashed against the bell three-four. Gus' beam bells and pouring went down. The Lone Ranger got one leg over the bottom of the opening and the stone wall. Scrap gave a despairing yell. As from below came the jarring blood of wreckage hitting the ground. There was a moment of silence. Then excited yells told that the Padres Indian Converts were gathering in. From his perch in the embrasure, the Lone Ranger looked down the shaft. He saw that the ladder, which was clasped tightly to the wall, had not been damaged and could easily be reached. He swung himself onto it and began a careful decision. In the meantime, one of the Converts wakened by the struggle in the bell tower had discovered and released Padre Philippe. The old priest had arrived at the tower just as the bells fell. As he stood there, as much bewildered as the Indians, Tottle wrote up, Oh, Scum, look at that! Oh! Puppet! Where my friend? Here I am, Tottle. He must have it. What happened here? The beam broke while I was fighting two crooks. The one to steal the bell. I managed to save my friend but they're dead in the wreckage. I thank God that you survived. But why did those men want to steal the mission bells? I just looked at one by Matt's light and not badly damaged. But a break in one showed that they have a high gold content in their metal. Gold? Yes, enough to make your mission very rich. And that's what crooks find out from an old book? That has caused all this trouble. The three crooks who knew the bells were made of gold are dead. Here are the pages for the old man whose group was told about the bells. Where did you find the pages? I just took them from Scrap's body. Now only three of us know the secret. It's safe. And you and Tottle will never tell? Do you have our word for that, Padre? Thank you, my sons. The bells of Santa Maria will ring again. Oh, it's the sheriff. Oh, it's the sheriff. Oh, it's the sheriff. Oh, it's the sheriff.   But, James, this fella's a fugitive. I want them for what you see. You won't need witnesses now, sheriff.  Scrap and Gus are dead inside the tower. They were killed when they fell from its top with the bells. Well, that was a noise. Hey, there. How did it happen? While you were chasing us, they tried to steal the mission bells. It did. Hey, there. Everybody can have me the fool of a sheriff. They also laid the violent hands on me. You know, I'm quite sorry about that, Padre. And if I had done this mess, man, and then she may be the wrong guy. I apologize for that, too. There's no need of that, sheriff. Adios, Padre.  Get him out of town. Now, who in tarnation might that mess man be? I have it from another Padre. He's the Lone Ranger. I'll see you later. The Lone Ranger, a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger Incorporated, is produced by Kendall Campbell Muir Incorporated. A part of the Lone Ranger is played by Bracebeamer, your announcer, Fred Floyd.


You, the men and women who work in minds and related facilities, are routinely exposed to dangerous conditions and situations.  Noise is a hazard that can diminish or destroy your hearing. Noise can mask sounds that you should be hearing. This can cause you stress, give you headaches and affect other parts of your body. This video will introduce you to the basic requirements of EMSHA's Occupational Noise Standard. We'll also discuss how noise impacts your health and how to help protect yourself. It's important to remember that work-related hearing loss is preventable. Let's look at the provisions of this regulation. Noise exposure assessment, action level, permissible exposure level, dual hearing protection level, hearing conservation program, hearing protectors, audiometric testing and training. These points will be covered throughout this video. One of the key elements of the noise rule is developing a hearing conservation program when noise in your work areas reach certain levels. Noise is defined as annoying sound or unwanted sound, but in the mining environment it can prove to be harmful sound. What are the harmful effects of too much noise? It can cause hearing loss, but other things can also happen. For example, let's eavesdrop on a typical day in the life of John. Dad, can you pick up some wood dowels on your way home from work for my science project? Sure, okay. Have a good day at work, Dad. See you this evening. I should have asked her how many red towels she wants. Another one of those weird science projects, I guess. I'll get her a couple. That should be enough. John speaking. Hi, John. I need you to go over to building three and pick up nine light bulbs right away. Can you do that? Okay. Bye. Her orders get screwier every day. The white pine boards are in building C. Wonder how many we really need. Man, I should have heard that truck coming. You know? I think I need to get my hearing checked. John has likely suffered a hearing loss, and if he's lucky, it is just a temporary or slight hearing loss. Let's look at how the ear works and see if we can find out if that's what happened to John. First, let's look at the mechanics of sound. Sound can be described in two ways, in terms of frequency and intensity. Intensity is measured in hertz or cycles per second, and intensity is measured in decibels. 0 to 10 decibels would be a very, very faint sound, leaves rustling at a distance. 50 to 60 decibels would be conversation about the level that we're talking right now. 100 decibels would be machinery, chainsaw, such like that. 120, 130 would be a rock and roll band, and 180 would be the space shuttle taken off.   Hair cells act as amplifiers and shock absorbers, amplifiers that allow you to hear very, very faint sounds that otherwise you would not be able to. It's those that get damaged primarily with noise, and once they're gone, you lose the ability to hear soft sounds and also the ability to tolerate loud sounds. John should try to find out whether he has any hearing damage and what he should do about it. He'd find out just the same way you can by taking a hearing test, which is also called an audiometric test. I'm one of the audiologists here. I'll be testing your hearing today. Have you, in fact, been exposed to noise in the last 14 hours? No, I haven't, doctor. In this profession, we like to differentiate temporary shifting of hearing from permanent shifting. The only way we can know that we're not measuring a temporary shift is if you've been away from noise at least 14 hours. I understand. Very good. The results of this test will show whether you've lost any ability to hear certain sounds at a range from high to low frequencies. For instance, one of the first frequencies usually lost is the 4,000 Hertz frequency range near that of a conversational speech. Typical sounds in that range are high-pitched, like the voices of women and children. Yes, it is. The graph of hearing that we've just performed on you. John was lucky this time because he hasn't experienced any permanent hearing loss. We would recommend strongly the wearing of hearing protection when you continue to be in these excessive noise situations. When you're exposed to noise over a long period of time, it will most assuredly damage your hearing. But I'm used to the noise. Constant exposure to loud levels of noise will not toughen your ear at all. It will damage it, and some sounds will no longer be audible to you. Therefore, you think you're toughening it, but you're not. You're losing your hearing. Hearing aids help in some cases, but all they do is make sounds louder. They can't fix any damage to the ability to recognize and understand various sounds. The best approach is to do all you can to prevent hearing loss. Once the loss is permanent, there is no way to restore it. So how can you prevent hearing loss, or at least prevent any hearing loss you may already have from getting worse? Who is responsible for protecting your hearing? The answer is both you and your employer share the responsibility of protecting your hearing. To prevent noise-induced hearing loss among employees, your employer must evaluate your work environment, determine the noise levels, and inform you what your potential noise exposures are. Your employer must provide engineering or administrative controls to reduce exposures if the noise output in your workplace averages more than 90 DBA. If your average noise exposure is 85 DBA or more, a hearing conservation program will be established and you will automatically be enrolled in this plan. As part of this hearing conservation program, the operator will provide a variety of appropriate hearing protectors for you to select from and show you how to wear them. Your employer will offer you the opportunity to get your hearing tested periodically, at least every 12 months while you're enrolled in the hearing conservation program. You will be given initial and annual training and your employer will keep complete records. To protect and conserve your hearing, you need to select, check the fit of, and wear hearing protectors correctly. If the plugs do not fit your ears properly, they can't protect your hearing. Maintain engineering controls in good working order. For example, if you're a truck driver in an environmental cab, leave the windows up to keep surrounding noise out. Promptly report needed repairs and replacements for controls. Comply with administrative controls. That is, if a work shift is split between you and a co-worker in order for your noise exposure to be greatly reduced, work only the time you are scheduled for. Take advantage of hearing testing and avoid noisy situations off the job unless you are wearing adequate hearing protectors. Remember, hearing protectors are your last line of defense against the hazard of noise. These plugs and muffs and all these hearing protectors are designed to screen out different types of frequencies. So it's important as an employer, not necessarily for you as an employee, but the employer needs to know the frequency of the noise that he's trying to filter out so that he can provide to you the proper type of hearing protector that is going to benefit you most that you get the most use out of. There's basically two types of hearing protectors that you can use. We have ear muffs and ear plugs. You need to make sure that you choose the type that you're using that's going to be the most beneficial to you. Normally, as a general rule, ear plugs will have a higher noise reduction rating than the muffs. One of the things that these things are good for is that you don't have to worry about getting the plugs rolled up, stuck into your ear, these fit over your ears. A lot of people think that they're very good in colder weather because it helps with the cold, keeps your ears a little warmer. It also helps keep some of the wind out of your ears. Now there are some disadvantages to these too because regardless of where you're working, everybody has to wear safety glasses on the job. And if you don't have the proper muffs, those safety glasses are going to interfere with the seal that goes around your ear so you're going to lose some of that noise reduction rating. It don't take a lot. If you have a beard, long hair, jewelry to interfere with the seal of these around your head. In hot weather, you get sweat built up between the muff and your head. These have a tendency to slip around on you. The other thing that that does to these muffs is that causes deterioration of the muff. That's why it's always very important before you put the muffs on that you examine these just as you would any other safety equipment to make sure that it has been maintained properly. That the seal is in good shape, that the foam on the inside is as it's supposed to be and hasn't been deteriorated or for that matter taken out. Because if it's not maintained properly, you're not going to get the protection that you need. You can also get a type of muff that's attached to the hard hat so you don't always want to be wearing your ear muffs or ear plugs and this particular model is very easy to use. It's kind of handy to have the thing attached that way you also don't lose it. So it's important that when you're using a pair of muffs that you actually use them as they're intended. Some of them are over the head, some of them fit behind your head. So you want to make sure that when you're using a pair that you use it as its design because you don't get the full benefit of the NRR factor noise reduction rating if they're actually not worn properly. Now one of the other things that we want to talk about, we want to talk about the foam fitted plugs. This is an extremely popular type of plug that's used when you're taking the plug, you have it rolled up, you're supposed to take the plug in your hand, go over the back of your head, pull your ear out, insert the plug, and then let loose. What happens then is as you let loose the foam will actually spread out and will actually fill the canal up for you. So this is an advantage of this type of a plug and one of the disadvantages is that if you have to make any adjustments to the plug it has to come out. So there's not really any adjustment you can make with it. We have other types of plugs that are in fact connected by a string so when you take the plug out you don't lose it. This particular one hooks on the end of your eyeglasses right off of the ears of your eyeglasses so that when you take them off your glasses they're going to hang and they're going to be real handy for you to use. It is so important that when you pick out a set of hearing protectors that you pick out something that fits you that you're comfortable with. You should have an array of protectors to choose from. No two people's ears are alike. You may have two ear canals that are actually even different sizes. Again, that's one of the advantages that some people like about an ear mouth. You don't have to worry about the size of the ear canal when you're fitting it. That's one of the advantages that people have with the foam fitted plugs because they will adjust to the size of your ear. That's why these come in different sizes. Now if you have the ones that are separate as this pack comes where they're individual you can get different sizes for each ear.  If the ear plugs or the hearing protectors that you're using aren't comfortable you're not going to use them. So you get no benefit of them if they stay in your case or in your shirt pocket. You've got to wear them to get the benefit from them. So you want to make sure that when you pick out a set of hearing protectors then it's very comfortable. When you're using any type of a plug that you have in your ear you need to be very cautious when you remove those.  It'll pop and it will cause your ear to pop and you can actually harm your ear by pulling these plugs out too quickly. If you get it in there and it's not comfortable you can twist them. And when you twist them it lets that trapped air that's pushed inside when you put it in it allows it to escape and you still have a real good seal. And always use a clean pair of hearing protectors. These are washable, they are reusable however they will wear, they will deteriorate. So if that does happen you want to get rid of them. We know that the mining industry is not exactly the cleanest industry in the world.  Not just the hearing but actually you can get infections and other type of auditory problems that can develop from that. If you can't get a good fit with any particular type of plug you can go in an audiologist and they will form fit plugs for you. The other thing that you need to be knowledgeable of is the area that you're working in and the noise levels. You can wear dual hearing protection so you'll have the plugs in and the muffs on. A lot of people find that this is one of the most preferred ways in a noisy area to protect your hearing. It's extremely important when you're choosing a pair of hearing protectors that you get the right hearing protectors that has the right NRR value. What I'd like for you to do is what we want to refer to as a fit check on these plugs and muffs. So take the ear plugs and put it in either ear. I don't care right or left.  And then what I'd like for you to do is I'd like for you to count to five loud enough to where you can hear yourself pretty well and see if you can see a difference between the left and the right ear, the ear that you have the plug in and the ear that you don't. One, two, three, four, five. Can you tell the difference? I can tell the difference. Very good. After you do that I want you to put it in the other ear and then see what kind of difference you get. One, two, three, four, five. The sound should sound like now when you talk or you hear sounds it should sound like it's coming from the middle of your head. That means that you have a nice good fit with your hearing protectors that they're working properly. Now you should get that same effect when you use the muffs also. Okay? One, two, three, four, five. So now you can do that every time you put the plugs in or the muffs on. You can do this check to make sure that you have a good fit. You should also protect your hearing away from the job. It's not just work that can cause hearing loss. Sometimes it's the fun stuff. Cool. Listen. Yes, sound can be sweet and if you could hear all those sounds your hearing is still very good. So continue taking care of your hearing. If however those sounds weren't clear or audible you could have already experienced some hearing loss either temporary or permanent. It's just as important that you start protecting your hearing now in order to prevent any further loss or the sounds you just listened to might be lost forever. Good hearing makes your life richer and more enjoyable. Saving your hearing could save your life.  For more information about Part 62, the MSHA Noise Rule, please visit our website at www.msha.gov.


if you actually start this practice seriously you will know what I am speaking about because very soon you will see the difference between flowing with the truth and being surrendered in the truth it is a decision to surrender yknow now and now and now in surrender in surrender that is the master and this is the servant the instrument


Brainerd soldiers who were part of the Baton Death March in World War II were honored in Brainerd this past weekend as part of a Prisoners of War Missing an Action event. 500 soldiers and civilians participated in the 21st annual Baton Memorial Death March on Saturday and ran either a half or full marathon. 62 American flags were in formation honoring the 33 Brainerd soldiers lost in the Baton Death March and the 29 soldiers who returned home. On hand was 99-year-old Walt Stratka who is the last surviving member who participated in the Baton Death March in the Baton Peninsula of the Philippines. It represents the fact that, you know, the motto is lived and we have the premise of what I spoke about was it's our deeds not not the words and remember Baton never forget is our motto as a battalion and what that means is that it's not just words we speak mentally but we back them up with deeds by setting up events like this. Well, it brings back a lot of memories, not good ones, but it'll have to come. The event was sponsored by the 194th Regiment which honors Julius St. John Knudsen who remains missing in action since the Baton Death March in 1942. National POW MIA Day is later this week on September 15th. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Hello, in this lecture we will define multi-step income statement. According to fundamental accounting principles, while 22nd edition, the definition of multi-step income statement is income statement format that shows subtotals between sales and net income, categorizes expenses and often reports the details of net sales and expenses. So the multi-step income statement is a format of an income statement, income statement representing revenue and expenses, bottom lines being net income. The multi-step income statement will have those components as well but we can contrast the multi-step income statement to a single-step income statement, a more simplified income statement where we're basically just going to have one group of revenue, one group of all the expenses in one group and then calculate net income. Multi-step means we're going to have more subcategories along the way to eventually get to net income. For example, single-step income statement may just have the one group of income. We have a list of all the expenses, we group those expenses out and we basically just have the revenue less the expenses, giving us that net income bottom line number on the income statement. A multi-step income statement is still going to get to that bottom line net income number. This isn't the same income statement but we're getting to that bottom line net income number but now we've got some more steps meaning we've got the revenue less the contra revenue accounts which are going to be the sales returns and allowance oftentimes, giving us net sales. Well, they're going to take that net sales, we can subtract out cost of goods sold, giving us more detail, giving us another subtotal on our way down to that net income total of gross profit. Then we can categorize the expenses, we could categorize them as selling expenses and general administrative expenses rather than just listing all the other operating expenses and then we can finally get down here and get back to the net income number. So in essence, the same calculation as there is going to talk about revenue minus expenses but we're breaking out the categories of revenue and expenses in this format often used for manufacturing or a company that has inventory a merchandising type company.