hello hello hello out there everybody let me get things situated a little bit more here thank you for coming in I realized this is kind of a last moment stream and hey welcome in today look at the new studio here what do you think this is the big reveal I've been working pretty much all weekend on setting up what you see behind me nice to get a lot of lack from people about how boring my backdrop was and that's kind of rightfully so it was pretty much the other angle which points at a laundry room so there's nothing exciting about that right so welcome in everybody welcome in hope everything's going good hope the sound is fine hey mark good to see you here hey eight bug thank you for the compliment yes I got reprobite reprobite sorry over clockwise hello welcome in thank you thank you mark so yeah I've been working on this really hard and I'm not gonna be really talking all about this right now hey little pig Nalina welcome in thank you so what we're gonna work on today is actually a project I'm still working on and that's my BVM card which you saw on the thumbnail to the stream and it's over here on the desk view right here this is the card will actually be working on and it's one that I have to work on I have been working on this d20 for a while and I kind of need to get it finished up hopefully by next week and so I wanted to try the testing and test the new setup out and then on the next stream I'm probably gonna do something where I've recorded about 20 minutes of footage where I just show everything off in here and kind of explain more about it and everything that I did and then in that stream we'll kind of chill out and talk about the setup more and if there's any changes between now and then I'll let you guys know but again if you're here and you don't mind do me a favor and click the like button if you can because I know we're going live at a random 1 p.m. on a Wednesday it's been a couple days since I've been live so I know I do it kind of randomly throughout the week and I can always I always do appreciate when you guys come here drop comments and leave likes it does help let everybody know that the show is going on and it will give them a couple of more I don't know what they call it like reach points right so the reach will go and probably get flashed to a couple more people we can get I have a bigger audience here today so hey Tony welcome in thank you very much and so the gist of today's video the whole point of this was not really even stemmed I can't take full credit for this my friend over at the retro channel and my friend he had just posted a video the retro channel did about SMD cap removal and he had posted about the different ways to remove SMD caps off the board like this and went through all the different methods so I would really like you to check out his video later when I when this video goes into the replays I will add a pinned comment to show you that video but I think it's the most recent one he's done it's the retro channel so you can check that out but he goes through all the different methods and so it reminded me of a video I did probably a year and a half ago where I removed all the capacitors from a similar card to this one in an older BVM and that one had leaked caps all over the place it looks terrible and I use the method that I've teased about now and talked about today and that is the twist-off method the infamous twist-off method yes is anybody in the chat ever heard of the twist-off method come on I'm a petty cat that's a little off topic let's talk about that one bring that question to the next stream when we're goofing around more we're I'm trying to figure out has anybody heard of the twist-off method and this is a simple method of kept capacitor removal I'll just tell you what it is you do you take a a set of pliers right and retro theory no I know he knows or she or who I'm sorry I'm not they know I I saw them post a Twitter picture or video of recapping a I think it was a Macintosh right some type of Macintosh computer using the twist-off method this morning I was working on other boards for this BVM and I use the twist-off method then and everything was perfect nothing had no problems there's no issues then I was like well I had this other card from the BVM and I'm going to go through it now we're going to look at it and we're going to just jump in here and we're going to do the twist-off method now just first off I do recommend when you're working with these higher-end BVM boards you ground yourself which I do this groundstrap right and it actually goes all the way down into the grounding in the house under the house but I can also snap that on to my grounding mat so everything's good and safe from an ESD perspective because if we slip over here and take a look at our board we do have a lot of components on the surface here and you do it would just take one spark to knock out a chip possibly and that would be a nightmare so that is our biggest concern kind of is to eliminate a spark when we're grounding ourselves with this lovely groundstrap let me pull my other camera in here into view so you'll at least be able to see me as I work if there's anything I need to refer to there I'll say it and look at the camera from this place so again thank you everybody we're going to get in here we're gonna we're gonna look at this board a little bit now there's a number of methods to removing SMD components right and I really recommend you go check out the retro channel video because you see just about every single one of them he talks about just about every one of them in the video and what what the ultimate conclusion is that is a twist-off method seems to be everybody's favorite okay now what you have to remember the reason there's there's a debate here is because this this procedure of removing this these components no matter how you do it there's always some type of a risk and the biggest problem becomes when you use a different method that involves heating up these components to remove them and that's really any fashion of heating these components when you do that you're not only heating the board and all the other components around it and exposing them to external high temperatures of extra heat so you're gonna you're gonna mess up a lot of that solder right possibly so you could put tape over it and protect it but as you do that you may notice that some of these capacitors and this happens with these they go bad and they leak a little bit and they leak all over that old old solder and it makes it really difficult for that solder to heat up enough to safely remove those components so you end up overheating these areas you overheat everything and that's the reason I hate doing all that other stuff and also cutting them in half is just too messy and I really see no point to that basically once you get your confidence up and you can effectively use this twist-off method that's gonna be kind of the best method I feel like okay and that's why it is debatable because every method every method is stressing the board every method there's not I mean even when you're cutting them you're stressing the board by bending the cap legs a little bit you're still putting pressure there and I'm gonna be honest with you these caps are made I had this thing of this was the caps are removed from the other board just a minute ago and they are really designed to just like pop loose with a little bit of pressure on these legs they're not strong and sturdy like these legs are on your electrolytic through-hole capacitors it's just not the same product okay so it's not got the same level of tension on there or anything you know pressure that you would put if you're trying to pull these out obviously that's not gonna be possible all right so there is possibility a possibility that could damage your board right but we're gonna not do that right I love that leap into the future you know hey we all have our own lovely methods I'm not the one that came up with the twist-off method either I didn't come up with it and I'm not the smartest man to use it okay so simply here what we're gonna do maybe I can get a little closer for you we're gonna come into the thing here we're gonna grab let's start with this one now I went through and I tested every one of these capacitors on this board and they all read bad okay every one of them read change me on meter so this has never been serviced this BVM had 47,000 hours on it and so this board needs to be recapped so we can start with any of them because we're gonna remove all of them all right can you hear me all right so the method here is just to kind of clip in and almost twist around like this and then it will simply break free okay oops sorry about that I try to do it from the overhead position and see if I can I can't really probably get you closer than that but as you can see it's not like you're putting a bunch of pressure on it we'll have to do it sideways because because of the camera I can't really get right over top of it so I am twisting it twisting it back the other way you can see how like this one for example both the legs broke right out of the capacitor slowly twisting not putting a ton of pressure on it right then you are left with this but you just kind of scrape that off and break that off and then you'll have the legs of the capacitor and let me show you what that does I'll get closer there so this is what you're left with the most of the time now this one actually broke cleaner so it's it's gonna be easier to get rid of these legs but a lot of times these legs will just snap right at that solder joint right there but it just twists and it just pops those two legs right off and that one wasn't even leaking or anything and what we'll do is we'll come in here later we'll heat these up or move these legs and clean these pads just with solder wick and a soldering you know solder iron so that's that's the method okay we're gonna go through here we're gonna do all of them and then we'll come back and and work on work on the pads so if I get maybe a little bit higher up maybe I can do a little bit better of an angle let's try this and maybe I can come in over top a little bit try not to make a shadow on everything but the truth is it's easier to do it from above because again you're just twisting and it literally breaks free okay just breaks free you're not putting a ton of pressure again on it and then you come back here and you can use your hands or just some pliers that's another thing any pliers sorry to do this right you do need some good ESD pliers and tweezers okay but it's pretty much breaking that that plastic will just break free see now you can argue all you want but if you do it like that we haven't really stressed out much on this board besides those single components like the I'm telling you these pads on this board are fine but they all have the legs on there so you just got to clean that off after we get done removing them but whoever you know I do hear people criticize this method but a lot of them don't post a method that they use now this one see this one came off and the legs broke a little bit cleaner or more still on the cap so that happens but still nothing nothing wrong with the board we just have to clean it like the other pads and get the little pieces of metal off there which is some fresh solder and then we'll come use the braid the solder wick and clear the pad off completely so that's three down still a couple more and like to this point and then maybe we'll get in here and start cleaning this section of the board so it's not all just me twisting caps for the first 20 minutes of this stream now doing this like carefully will take time and you should give yourself time like this kind of a board you know you're probably looking at spending an hour doing what we're gonna do today to fix it up and get it ready and then and then you're gonna come back in here and you can install the new capacitors after you've cleaned it but even a little board like this takes a lot of work for the most part the BVM is again the D20 sorry I know I'm blocking the view some it's a D20 F1U and I can't remember what I was gonna say about it but just recap a little bit on it it's it's got oh yeah okay here it's had had some work done to it before did have 40 as I said before 47 over 47,000 hours and it did have some cap work done before but some of the places had not been touched and had all kinds of bad parts on them so they had to be serviced this is the fifth board I've worked on from this particular BVM the very it's the fifth one and there are three way no yeah I'm sorry it's the sixth board and there are two more after this one I was thinking before this started so there we go we got some of those caps out okay see if I can come in here I wish I had some you know better tech for you guys I'm sorry I can't really get closer than that too too well see if I set that up there if that will help any turn that line out that's any better let's see okay so we're gonna come in here we're gonna try to clean these pads off right in here I'm going to do this heat up my soldering iron first and I'm gonna get these little legs out of the way we'll just dispose of them we move my keyboard now you could add fresh solder if we need to here it's very possible alright let's improve so there you go so just slide those off like that see that on the tip of my soldering iron you just get rid of it that's what you do with all of them first then you come back later and come back later and actually clean the pads the good thing about do those big legs is it really easy to get off the harder thing is when you'll see coming up over here on like this one where there's no long legs where the legs broke free when that happens it's a little bit just trickier or getting that leg off the pad not it's not hard really but there we go here we go here we go everybody see it those two are done the glare is not too bad I'm sorry about that oh baby this one had the let's see if we can make that visible you see that there we go but you see that one that was the more difficult ones see how that's just a tiny little tiny little leg that's the leg of the capacitor that happens a lot too it's got to get yourself trained trained on doing it right you know just like anything here we go see it right there on the tip of my soldering iron again these you know I don't know how to feel whether that I feel like doing SMD caps is easier or through hole I think that the fear about SMD caps is just the unknown with it right like a lot of people are just really don't know what they're doing and I'm and I'm more concerned because they just don't have the experience but we're coming into an age we're gonna need to really be able to recap a lot more of this stuff that has these SMD components because they do not last nearly as long as the predecessors usually like the again the through hole components usually will last a lot longer than these alright we're down to the last capacitor here of this section section one of three didn't really want to do that I got a big old weird thing going here two legs and one there we go didn't mean to do that but we'll take it and look there we go I'm gonna go through down and add some solder to each of these pads you know a little bit not not a huge amount but enough to clean them the ones good let's see that these bad boys are doing right here there we go now the last step really is to come in here with solder wick and braid whatever you want to call it and then clean the pads rub rub all that solder off of the pad okay get down of the way a little bit how we doing out there is everybody good it's kind of quiet everybody just relaxing the issue you're gonna have with solder braid is gonna come down to quality you get like crappy the crappiest stuff then it's not good it doesn't do good just this is awkward as I'll get out doing this for you guys like this there you go that it's pretty much it's pretty much it right there gonna do that with each each one of these pads let me get that better spot right there we go there we go now that's pretty awesome I hear people in the chat saying they're actually working now on SMD capacitors and they're doing the twist-off method after just watching the beginning of the show that's probably the coolest thing I've heard so thank you for telling me whoo that braid it heats up I tell you there we go so the idea here is to clean the pads we're removing all not just the old legs we're removing the old solder and anything that's on those boards and that's just flux residue right there so I'll show you in a second how we clean that off and then it's pretty much prepped for a recap you won't believe how beautiful these boards look once you get this section cleaned up and I'm gonna go ahead and clean this whole section because I only have about another 30 minutes today and I'm gonna make sure we do this all section at least correctly because I need to do the whole board but that one cleaned up and if you want to know I got this from Mauser this solder wick wasn't cheap either it was pretty expensive from them but that's the thing you get is you know you're getting something real and not some garbage so I know you might say oh I could drag this across the board quicker I don't like to take that risk okay obviously this is a BVM board this isn't this doesn't grow on a tree these are hard to find we are down to our last one and the thing is you got a lot of components around here you don't want to accidentally slosh a blob of solder onto something so you'll short it out that's pretty much the biggest risk this could happen too sometimes where you got I got too much solder on that braid now even this is not good there we go there we go that braid welded to that spot for a second clean that off that's what happens sometimes if you get too much solder on there so that so let's see maybe we'll add a little more solder to it you could also go through here and suck all this solder off with a FR 301 if you had one handy and I've done that before too but getting good practice with the wick it's the way to go sometimes you got you got to get used to doing all the methods because you'll run into situations where this is a better method than the other and vice versa so you can see now we have our lovely residue still on there and I'm about to show you another good secret here and that is a fresh way here let me show you over here face view face view so I'm using IPA right and then of course I've got this little dish and I'm just pouring it in there but check these out these are awesome I wish I could zoom in closer on that stuff this is a q-tip right no it's a it's a printer cleaner so it's used to clean like printer heads so it doesn't fall apart it works awesome on these circuit boards so let me go back to the desk view yeah I'm sorry this is about as close in as I can get with with my setup usually if I get any closer I start to lose focus this is about as close as I could probably get I may be able to hang on maybe let's see I've already got it about zoomed in about as big as I really want to I don't know how green it's gonna start looking that's probably about as good as I can do see and these they don't lose any like little particles you can use them for a while whoops sorry look at that you're like how do you get the board so clean check it out man ladies and gentlemen everyone here we are just look at that we go nice and look it just soaks everything up into the middle of that q-tip through that sorry that printer cleaner and I didn't even come up with that I just learned that from going to the retro world expo with my friend delusionals arcade so I've been trying to get in touch with him since the show he's been kind of quiet so that he could come on here onto a stream and kind of talk more about things hacks like this things that don't seem to be college common knowledge now this is the board number right here that's those pads check out check out this pads right I mean let's see a little tiny bit of solder pretty close there don't those look nice what do you think that's five of them that's the first section Stefan yeah I use the I use this ESR meter the most which I've shown before the move on to the next section here but maybe I can show you a quick test the GME and there's other versions of this around the internet those q-tips are great by the way great great great like you don't and they're so soft their work wonderfully I mean I've I've once I once he told me about it and he what I did was if you follow me on Twitter I showed a lot of I showed so you can go right over the parts and what it does it just not only cleans it it like soaks it up into itself so it doesn't stay as messy you can use it a lot longer and as you could tell like the dirt and debris actually gets soaked up into it not just sticking at the tip so you can get in there and clean like everything of course I'm going super gentle here and you know you know it conserves alcohol it's really a perfect thing but once once he showed me that he was using it it's the first thing I got home and ordered was a set of them and I think I ordered let me show you how many I ordered I ordered I don't know I have I have like five bags like this of them thousands of them I ordered and it wasn't very much it was like 20 bucks because I thought I found out about it and I was like man those are awesome so here's the meter we'll look at first section to since we have a little time this is a GME meter GME is the name of it it's a ESR meter and it's pretty simple but the negative on the negative end of your capacitor red on the positive black on the negative and it gives you a reading here and at the bottom it tells you capacitor levels if it's in the yellow or red it's probably needs to be changed on the dial so once I go back to the desk view here I will show you kind of how this works because it's gonna be more difficult to show you without moving the camera around a lot so first off I'm coming in here going negative and positive right there on the board and if you see let's see let's see if I can get the meter in the picture on some something somehow I'm gonna have to zoom back out give me just one second just one second here okay that should be fine for right now this is the meter and it's a hundred micro farad capacitor okay so if it's if it's over a hundred's down here so if it's over point four ESR we should change it pretty much so we can start with this one's in view looks like it all is let's see if it comes through and gives me a good reading here this time yeah I see it's it's all the way up to 6.0 on the ESR meter now this is it you know you don't have to use this meter I believe oh gosh it's getting even worse somewhere hold it on there but they were all reading pretty high if I can get it on there I don't know let's see it's not it it's not that easy but it's also not too hard see that's another 100 they were all reading by like 4.5 to 6 and yeah you could just go through there test them and then change them you don't have to wait till they explode but there you go 4.5 again that's too high that's too high for this 100 micro farad capacitor and that's what they all did they all read between 4.5 to 7 I believe pretty much so that's why they're all due to be changed if they read real low point if they read point three point two and looked like they'd been changed I wouldn't I wouldn't change them because there was a lot of caps on this board that were like that all right you can see section two is ready to be dismembered some requests to get a closer view how can we pull that off how can we pull that off first off we'll get rid of you mister and we'll do that do this get in here closer not today Jackie sorry but I have like a half a dozen of these meters that are different right that was just the most convenient it's not always perfect but they're pretty reliable I've been using them for a while there's nothing that's like perfect because there's a lot of times those will read one thing in circuit and another thing out of circuit so I'm just still twisting baby there we go okay the SR meters not even that old I have a bunch of them if you want to here's what we'll do I'll do a live show soon where we'll test ESR meters because I do have I think I have four of them and I've just never had the patience to sit around much and compare them so we should do that though since I have them just in the extra bands so I feel like I'm being a little bit more clumsy here trying to give you guys a better view of all this so I hope I don't how I'll regret that in the future here and actually damn something you can even see I'm not nothing's really happening bad here or anything there we go all good on those two and in that if you're here I tell you what if you're here Jackie if you're here in that stream when I do the meter showdown ask me to take it apart and I will or somebody else if that's what you want to see gonna see me take it apart just remember to ask me while I'm doing it okay three down okay three down what time we got 157 I got a little bit more time so we should probably let's go ahead and maybe clear all of them well it's usually not you're not trying to do this with your head like four feet away from it not four feet maybe two feet away usually you're gonna be a little closer and you're not worried about a overhead camera view boom baby but they're breaking off pretty cleanly that's another one bites the dust do absolutely that's what I mean that's what all we're all here to see and I will I mean I've never done it so that's a good thing Jackie to actually do so we can figure out hey is there a better one is this one not as good as we're thinking and and you know if one's better I'll use that one instead of this one as long as the only one I don't like to use all the time is the Deeree which is a better I know that one supposedly a lot better which I have one I have done videos about it just trying to get a closer view for you but the the issue with the Deeree is you just got to recalibrate it every time you use it and it's kind of in the neck and it's bigger bulkier and so I don't use it as much the attachments are larger everything's just larger I will say if you want to go see the Deeree in action you can look at the same video I've been talking about that I've been talking about what's a Mark's video the retro channel so thank you looks like everything's going pretty good so far yeah and there's kind of section two I think I might just go ahead and pull the last four here off and then we'll get to clean in the rest of the board see I just think a lot of people and I'm get an idea in their head that this just looks like it's gonna be destructive to the board so bad just they just think oh well that's just stupid and and then I'm not trying to be argumentative with things if again if there's a better method about that if there's a better method just tell me about it I'll try it if it's better I'll use it I'm not gonna argue about things whatever's better whatever actually works whatever works for you just like the CRT argument right whatever you like it's not about that's the best in the world I mean it is about to some people it might be but maybe that's not you that's okay all right I'm gonna have to do this one like a set ribbon connectors right there do this slowly this one this one stinky this one is stinky definitely have some fish fishy fluid right there and this one I don't know if we can see anything doesn't look like it very much a little bit on the board I'm not sure but it definitely stink stank stank stunk and that's another reason I mean that's a reason I don't want to snip these in half and you expose all that fluid if there's still any left in there the other thing about heating them and the video I'm in to tell you all about tells you about this the thing about heating them is you do the same thing you can heat it heat it and it can vent it can pop and it will stink vaporize your nasal cavity which that one just that one cap stunk enough I actually like turning the board almost well baby get off there I'm loose for the people whoo there you go da-da-da-da section number two so we did our first section over here folks here's the second section that's a good view of everything right let's get rid of this plastic this is where your nice ESD pliers or tweezers come into play then you just kind of bend those legs back out bend those legs out dump that plastic out of there bend those legs out and get them ready to hear moved from those pads we actually got a pretty good view here I might have to snip this one because it's me and a little grabby there we go out of here you're out of here mr. get this one out of the way too well folks I hope this stream has found you all well and in good spirits I know things have been dark and sad in the retro community I will say that it's pretty devastating to hear about losing postman and I'll be honest I didn't know I didn't know him I just know others who'd worked with him and I always had good things to say so it's really unfortunate and sad so I appreciate you being here and get our minds on something else right a little bit all right we're we're back to these three over here hey plate fork you're welcome to do it however you want I don't I don't judge you know tomato tomato there's more than one way to do something usually it's not even I've even done this with brand new caps that were installed incorrectly not really had any problems and the reason I came on the stream today was just to prove that yeah you can do it anyway just do take time to practice it on something that's not you know not your not your prized possession that you actually want to recap start with something else that you find with some SMD caps on there start with that you know see which method works best for you see which method you like like the most you know like maybe you're not comfortable with this but you find yourself more comfortable with the heat method the only thing I will say is that requires more tooling right you're gonna need a lot more tools you can get away with some pretty pretty low-end tools and actually do a good job of recapping these SMD boards which like I said people are for some reason more afraid of and you don't have to have as much equipment you don't even have to you have to have less equipment than you would for through-hole stuff at least for capacitors there we go man I tell you I've been trying her eye and to remain patient might anybody follows knows that I'm a bourbon man I like to collect bourbons and my state runs all my liquor stores in Virginia talked about this before and they will send out an Instagram message when they get some kind of fancy bourbon and then everybody goes in races to the liquor store you know to get to that fancy bourbon to get that single bottle fancy bourbon it's been about like a month since they've since they've done a whiskey drop so everybody's everybody's antsy everybody's waiting for them to come in and drop some new whiskey and every day they post something that's not a whiskey dropping and everybody just gets more upset this is the way the Instagram their Instagram page works I mean you got a state-run Instagram page right how crazy is that state-run Instagram page to promote a state-run liquor store yeah we're making a big old weld mess here there we go we got those two legs off on that one a zero sleep hey I play thank you everybody's been just coming here hanging out Jay awesome keep working at it man let's do this right I got way too much solder on that pad right there so those three are done I'm gonna work our way over here there we go just slide it across the top we're just sliding across you know I'm getting the solder wet and I'm sliding across and just getting that little leg to stick to my solder tip of my iron and get it off the pads and then I can dispose of it over here with all the rest of them to this direction we've got four more pads to clean up go as easy as it sometimes there we go sometimes it takes a little bit of persuasion depending on how big or small the leg is so you want to make sure you get rid of all those things and they don't fall in between some of these other parts those legs right because if it sits in here and you fire the CRT up and you forget that one of those legs falls in between these parts could short out something which is not fun on this change in SMD caps is something and then other components is a little bit different these few down here left it's really easier when they still have a half a leg on them and just take the whole leg and you could see the straight what's taking the stress here maybe can you guys tell you know it's taking the stress right it's all pretty much the capacitor and then the actual solder sure there's some stress on the board and but that's the third thing taking the stress and the cycle in the chain other things will bust before it usually now if it's something that's a really bad board what are you gonna do anyway over exposure to heat could burn it right there we go and as I said all throughout this stream I'm not opposed to doing things differently if they're effective and easy and I just personally feel like this is the least destructive of all methods that's just me maybe placed for this this board and these boards all right here we go everything's got all the legs off everything let's come back here with our solder braid clean up these pads there's the first we'll be snipping the ends off every time I clean the pad just because it's easier for me to do it that way again it prevents possibility of me making a mistake also whoo it's hot hot in here now I have been running my soldering iron at 650 degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit see us Fahrenheit today and that's what I've been running it at for the most part normally if anybody's curious this is the big solder ball on this one I probably need to just clean it off by itself there we go now this will I'm not gonna lie this will give your fingertips a warm up this is solder braid it gets hot gotta keep that steady hand there we go let's see we got all those go to the bottom row now once you get like one pad wash or I mean fluid on here you can pretty much go to the second pad and clean them both at once like you see me doing we try to get a little bit closer maybe for these last two pads or what we have over with three pads okay so let me move this a little bit over maybe there try to expand the size of this screen a little bit and zoom in closer for you and we'll clean these last three pads see how close I get maybe you can see me do it just see the thing is you just don't want to so many close parts in here you just remove to the second one right keep eating it keep eating it rub off just like that yeah I tell you a system 11 I think before you give up on braid try the expensive braid from a good a good source and try that before you completely give up on it okay because you can easily find crappy braid that doesn't work and when that when that happens it makes you hate the braid when it's actually just the quality or it could be like fake braid if you get it from like you if you got it from eBay or something so again I would recommend a good source for that and I'm about to put together a list for Patreon members in the next couple weeks of items and I'll publish that to our discord or private discord there if you're a patreon member you can get on there and find that with the other stuff but I want to post a list of everything that I use as far as tools cleaning materials solder materials everything else I recommend things like that it's alright there we go solder wick is finished pliers and wisdom method is finished me readjust the camera a little bit we'll zoom out a little bit okay here we go you gotta love that live show feel we have going here where we're I'm still here I'm just I'm just gonna fix the camera for you don't worry about me all right there's our pads where we've gotten all our solder off you know the last step I'm actually gonna use a fresh one because this one looks pretty gnarly that over there a fresh swab I'll show you the braid label here in a second after I clean these pads because it sucks all that up I tell you though I think I have too much of a certain type of I mean I like my my solder I use but it does have a bit of an a large amount of flux that comes along with it and leaves a good amount of residue every time of course using these pads makes no difference he cleans up easy see with high percentage you need over 90% alcohol to get the solder stuff off good you're going to learn now like 70s weak weak stuff so you don't want to throw that unless you have to it's better than nothing but there's everything look at that all right there we have it see here what do you think what do you think here let's take a look this is our decaps cleaned Ford how beautiful is that this BK card and I can't believe it this this monitor at 47,000 hours on it was still functioning pretty much properly even though all the capacitors on this were reading bad and so many others in this in this monitor so yeah don't worry guys if you missed anything yeah gamers nexus meds are awesome if you missed anything this is this whole stream will be available on the channel I never take streams down unless something happens bad where I make a mistake that is like risking myself accidentally exposing something that that sounds so weird but anyway just don't worry about it I usually don't take down the streams if I take them down I edit out the security wall part and then usually re-upload it here we go um focus baby focus focus focus there we go so just want you to kind of get a better look at those pads so you can see that you're not look at the stress you see that those look stressed out to you and the components next to it have received no stress now you do have to get the right size capacitors right to replace you could use use any capacitors really as long as they fit and but that's not that's why I can't do that today actually I'm sorry everybody I just looked at the time anyway hey thank you so much for joining me today I hope that was a fun little experiment for you okay if you want more updates on this card and what happens if it works go follow me on Twitter that's where I'll post all the updates I post the entire restoration process all that's left as we need to put caps on this clean it qc it and then install it and test it again but I have to go I have to go out of here I have to be off the air by 220 and it's already 223 so if again if you will miss anything please go back and watch from the beginning thank you everybody who's joined in it's been a lot of great conversations I see here I do appreciate you if you need any more help please do consider checking out the patreon link in the description of the stream that's really where you can get individual questions answered thank you again everybody for showing up and you can always just leave a like on this video if you watched it either live or on the playback that will help it get a few more views it does kind of funnel more people to the channel which is always nice too hey everybody have a great Wednesday I'll see you in the next stream probably tomorrow then we can do that live stream going over the shop so if you're around see you tomorrow have a great


Morning everyone, thank you for attending and we're here to welcome Phillip Bueller who will be talking to us about open BSD and Open BSD VMM and Packer Good morning, everybody. I hope it's not too early on a Sunday morning after the social event is always a bit of a problem Having a talk in this slot and I see it's not that many people but hopefully on the stream and the recording later on We'll reach out for you know people who are interested in that Only quick introduction about the company like you can read all that and we have been found it in 2000 and we are doing cloudy things even before the term cloud was ever coined. So that's about that and myself I'm doing UNIX administration for Well, just around or a little bit more than 25 years So who is already using a packer? Oh, that's Who knows what packer might be is okay. That's a bit more people. Okay Thanks, so The major thing every everybody wants to have with virtualization Segmentation and running around with their laptop having half the infrastructure on it All the hypervisors have basically the least common denominator and that's having kind of a Box or image file where you have a raw disk with your installed system some metadata about how many CPUs RAM usage, whatever and Apparently It's like XKCD story. Oh, we have 14 standards. Let's invent the 15th So Every hypervisor out there has its own metadata format, but basically it's always the same stuff just packed a little differently and That's the first thing you you have to address if you want to do some automation in that area the the other objective for me is to have Not only infrastructure as code but infrastructure to go Like I want to have my automation script on the laptop so I can work on it while being on the plane and This also adds reproducibility Because I'm just running exactly the same code on the laptop and on the big machines in the data center This is reached by what packer can do is It works cross-host or even cross virtualize or so you can just interchange the same script Between something like OS X with virtual box AWS with a my images and Since this project you will be able to do that without missing VMM. So creating those images I usually something like I Didn't write out that one, but like you can do in virtual box application measure export this machine as a new box And typically it will begin that people write a shell script around we box manage or something like that. So that's creating your own shell script the worse version of that is you pull something from github you have never seen before and just pipe it into sh or You have those guys doing that at night and when You need a new image. For example, there was Some CVE and security problems or you have to recreate the image the guy is having a hangover or is on vacation Well, nobody can do it. I Was just adding that after yesterday You can replace the shell script with pearl of course By the way, Ansible or something like that isn't the key thing here because we are talking about Virtualized bare metal so there's no python yet. So you cannot do chef ansible whatever but I Will come to that at a later point where you can hook in For example Ansible. Yeah, well and then packer comes into play Who knows and is using vagrant or wake around like I like it to say. Oh, that's not so many as well But this is vagrant It's just an abstraction layer for hypervisor management And this is from hashy corp Packer is also from hashy corp So in their very own description you can can read that yourself. I hope it's readable Okay Vagrant is written in Packer sorry packers written in Golang the very packer core is only a communication proxy doing RPC Within other code bases. So every actual Fingy doing something you can see is a plug-in and it's talking why are this Corporate wider where RPC calls and then reaching the other plugins like hey, I have finished something Please please take over and do do your stuff and the configuration for packer is just one jason file and For the easy and typical cases. This is something like I have an example later on It's maybe like 15 or 20 lines maximum for actually build description But you can make it a bit more complex if you want to spit out Images for like five or six hyperwisels but it's not really a difficult format to understand and you can have a second file like Location or host specific variables file, but that's optional Options are good if they are optional so Every toolkits whatever comes with its own terminology and I will go over that Quickly because that's important when I'm just saying like oh There's a template. Yeah. Well, what could that be because everybody's understanding something different given only to know in itself so Speak is artifacts which are the resulting image files the hypervisor can directly consume a build a running build is just The plugins and the core doing its thing to create artifacts The builders are the actual code base that will be run To have a build and then creating an artifact Then they are provisionals like after spinning up the VM and the builder can then Do its thing to bring up the VM launching or let launch the kernel and If you want to do additional customer customization, which is the main point here anyway, so you can Hook in just maybe something like two or three lines of our shell script like package at Python and You can then also I'll go and Call within packer say oh, please use Ansible and this and that Playbook provided from over there or you hook in chef and all that they are way more That's on the next slide and then there's post-processing which is actually Tearing down to we am Like in virtual box terms like exporting it and then making a touch is that file with the raw disk device Depending on a hypervisor OVF XML files and all that whatever is needed that you have a valid Virtual box box or am I image to be used in Amazon cloud and all that and templates in package speak is That's just a configuration chasing. It's not like you're having A VM image as a template you will be modifying Because many other things in this area will have the terminology that a template is just An image you are modifying So as of At least some weeks ago Those hypervisors are supported By the packer as distributed by hashy corp That's a lot of things already Including stuff I never have heard of before like profit breaks whatever and Since the whole packer structure is a plug-in base anyway it's very easy to add additional builders and You can just pack them in some I think it's like three three Directories where a packer will look for legitimate plugins you could call and Besides that many The third party world I think this list goes on for maybe another 20 or something so more or less everything Out there doing hypervisor stuff is already supported what was missing VMM So I think it was in Bucharest Where Antoine was approaching me like are you doing all this background stuff? Please add OpenBSD VMM support to packer because packer itself Was already ported to OpenBSD And you can use it right now To create Amazon images you're doing that So after the bringing up the VM and Doing let's say the other install features of Of the operating system itself like other install in OpenBSD or kickstart in anything redhead based or all this stuff You can also hook additional provisioning which Has a built-in support like distributed of those things Even here I learned something new like breakpoint a breakpoint on masterless Just another Not invented here thing or something and of course you can add third-party provisioners as a plugin as well But that's not covered here because we are or I was concentrating in this area On the OpenBSD side everybody knows OpenBSD Not everybody But I was adding this here for reference and completeness So you have the kernel side of things you have a userland daemon handling the VM and userland CLI to start and stop the VMs and all that and a configuration file you Do not necessarily need but if you want to persist your configuration and I think Switch setups are only possible with VM.conf Yeah, but I'm not not using switch as of now. So I don't need that One concept in Packer is baked in already it tries to use at The least privilege needed That's a nice thing and if it needs privilege for doing whatever It will by default called Zudo, but that won't be any good any longer than OpenBSD, but do as support is not a problem Sorry There's only one thing I will be talking about the details in a bit While Packer is handling the build You cannot access the terminal. So you cannot type in a password It would be possible to do something like ask pass password upfront and Then pass it into the session. But if this is running longer than five minutes the Credential will time out and you would have to type in again and that's impossible So you have to have a do as configuration this Works with no pass because persists timeouts too early Typically if you are installing Doing a custom build auto install you will need to reach out Well, at least Farther than the host you are building on so on the host you need a PF configuration like that for the domain resolution and the actual HTTP requests making happen to fetch down new packages or whatever Configuration service you need so and since we are using that we need IP forwarding enabled And of course you have to start VMD. That's all the dependencies you have Before you can use Packer with this plugin I've written So We have kind of stage here so not like in Tokyo where you can just rush over there and So if you have questions We are doing that at the end of the talk and I will be in the hallway for the next hour Needs in terms of tooling and space for developing packer plugins all of them As you need go link packer and get which are easily available packages and open beasties, or that's a no-brainer You obviously you need an editor of your choice I was adding editor not only visual because of all that ad hype lately The go dependency needed for this plugin around 1.5 1.5 gigabyte And then it depends on what you are actually doing like if you are making super lean images with 1 gigabyte Root disks you will need less space if you're doing something with what 100 gig you will need way more. So that's obvious In the in the source layout There are like two Breeds in the packer Ecosystem like the one breed is doing everything in the Well root directory of that repository, but I think it's a bit nicer to have a make file read me and maybe the main entry hook in Root directory, but Well hiding the dirty work somewhere else like in the cellar so I'm doing that in a sub directory and From the source files perspective Just some simple make file to make things nice like I'm even doing the presentation with make show Presentation VM it's some oh by the way all the slides on GitHub and all that so getting a link on the last page and even the Presenting the presenter. We am and the presentations all on guitar. It's all self-hosted more or less Well, I'm not hosting GitHub, but Get the idea So the make file can do building the plug-in install it in the corresponding directory VMB is building a test we am with that builder then format and vetting for um Go let's say linting and formatting and all that and yeah, what has been uninstalled is Speaking for itself in the main go source file. There's only like ten lines or something like that Which is actually importing the builder into The packer world And it will have a plug-in type of server So on the RPC side of things you always have a server and a client. So this builder is a server connecting to the core RPC Run go routine from from packet itself it will register under its name like If you are having then a configuration that says Builder VMM open BSD the RPC server has to have knows where is that plug-in running in terms of RPC addressing and then it will just Being involved as a go routine or in simpler Unix speak it's spinning around so it's acting more or less like a demon Config go Isn't about Pousing the configuration because that is packer doing for us already You only define a big Struct where all the keywords and the value type are being defined and that's all you have to do everything else is more or less popping out of the chasen and other parsing stuff that The packer core is already doing for you. Actually, it's a config plug-in of packer doing that for the core and Communicating you the resulting data structure into your plug-in Yeah build ago itself will be doing well the rough groundwork for all of it like Bringing the code into life anyway using the configuration struck into Your running instance like in your build So the builder is populating Build with config And then run a tokenized build structure, you will see that with steps on the next side What's happening over there, and yeah, well of Nicely you can cancel it Which is nice in that way that packer is doing if you're doing doing multiple artifacts like you are building from the same build Post-processing into Amazon Google Cloud virtual box and whatever you could take ages and you can cancel the build and Packer won't just Shoot the routines in the head like kill-9 or something like that, but it will first signal over RPC. Hey, please stop Cancel and then You can have code When this cancel comes it's like you are doing in in the sea world Just having a trap handler for sick stop So you can actually do cleanup when a cancel happens Singapore Try we go and you can name that Whatever you want to but it's If you want to have a community around it well use this terminology and find him so people know where to look into what for So the driver holds the code this actually doing More or less Shell-exec or something in in this case it's like spitting out Needed VM CTL call with minus capital L minus Whatever needed disk images over here and all that I will talk about this fix me on the Outlook future and whatever page Because that's still a bit of a problem here to To get the IP address needed for the so-called boot command so when packer build starts the builder is instructed to Launch the VM via VM CTL with a connected theory console and this theory console won't be connected to your terminal but to a packer internal TTY handler and Packer is then able I have a demo of it To type in commands like If you're old enough and you remember an XPEG or something like that So you can interact with with that and packer is doing this. I Have only to press 1a or so Leave it to the machines And there are several step whatever goes Go files and It's just depending what you are actually doing. So Splitting it up that massively into single files which are then Like out out there is probably only like 15 lines or something might look a bit Yeah, well spending a lot of effort for no real gain, but It's it's the way the packer community is doing this Just follow the herd Otherwise you are annoying as a service as we have look So out there is creating just just mkdir and checking permissions and all that and then creating a disk with VM CTL great in Q-Cow or raw, whatever you have defined in the configuration Chasen Get VM params holds cold code To retrieve information and put it in a so-called Stateback this state back is only Let's say alive while the build is running and it's a possibility that all those Plug-in components can write into like a temporary configuration buffer So you can write into it like it's put And then you can from a from another Wherever you are you can get this information so we have a conflict passing which Is there for the reason that Packer is doing parallel stuff and you don't want to pass this information via function parameters or something like that You write the information into a bag and then multiple functions when they need it can read it from there And that's the main difference to just having a function call with 20 arguments or something like that So launching the VM is why the driver VM CTL start obviously and doing all that Right now especially for debugging purposes if the startup doesn't work because maybe you ran out of RAM on the laptop or wherever I'm not yet having the necessary cancel code to shoot down the VM Properly like you know peak hill and all that so It's not happening that often and I'm just right now leave the VM running so I can connect to it Analyze it whatever and not just shooting it away and then you have difficulties To do a post mortem Analyzes of what what happened what did what did go wrong? Boot command is doing Exactly that thing. I was already talking about like you have a keyboard typing machine that pack up provides and In the early days people have been using that Having a boot command with something like a hundred lines or all that like Running the installer in Interactive mode and then instead of typing this is my host name whatever you can do that in the boot command array but that's super tedious because if Well, something is not quite right Especially on the timing part of things like Packer can type Very slowly, but it cannot type very fast. It's a bit crazy and Well, it wasn't only one build that failed because boot command was typing too fast or too slow or the wrong thing at the wrong time Well auto install to the rescue obviously There's one problem here packer will run up if you if you tell packer to do it Packer can run up a built-in HDBD server which will serve files from it's from a configured Directory somewhere on the host and it will run it on On just some some random high port north of 8,000 or so and auto install isn't capable of that so if you're doing a pixie net boot with DHCP provided file name auto install The shell script auto install will happily run off ask the DHCP server or This next server supported already I Don't know no matter what In the whole thing of that there is no Possibility to say something Yeah, what wait a minute our install repository server is on a port different than port 80 Just doesn't work so I'm not doing in this plugin a real A real or faked or whatever if it would be functioning anyway Pixie based net boot auto install, but actually doing an Interactive install by from the way the VM is booting and then the boot command only is Configured press capital a plus Passing this URL With the dynamic IP and port that is only valid for this very one-built running Okay. Yeah So already there Demo time Like I said the configuration isn't like very complicated or something just like names This size this form and whatever where where to fetch the ISO image either from this Local disc or HTTP or whatever and here's the thing with the boot command Do auto install and here is a URL and packer will provide this variable to me And no I have to provide this variable by looking up tap interface And the port will be provided via the state back configuration So some plug-in elsewhere will write this information into the back and I can read So The demo here the odd install demo cast is within the repository as well. So you can just replay that Start readable Down there. Okay. Cool. Oh Hang on So I'm using this as cinema, which is a really really nice tool to record terminal sessions, so this is This is just a little HP microserver sitting in our office, so this this is lap time I'm doing this right here because Serial consoles can only be connected once so I need to see a console within packer itself for boot command If you do a second session with screen or see you or tip or mini-con whatever Connecting to the same serial console.  Yeah, I know no colors Creating the disk image that is what out there and all that this doing bring up the VM and then you just have Open is the booting itself Here this built-in HTTP server is starting up and now you see oh, it's just here The I It's the first ID and boot weight is a parameter for the boot command How long to wait until you should do that? It should be dynamically waiting for the question instead of waiting a fixed time but one thing after another and What here you have to think I'm typing in a for auto install it will try To boot to fetch it from port 80, but it doesn't work and the fall big is to ask for the URL again and This is where packer is typing in the URL and then it's fetching the install isoconf Odin sort configuration file and then auto install is doing what it's doing One thing with this my log is you will see there is no Progress bar here until it's finished.  Nothing happens and then suddenly it continues Yeah all this just standard auto install stuff and then We have the installer will try to reboot But in this case it will actually fail to reboot because it has no idea what it was Running just before so actually it's convenient because I need a stopped VM to export it anyway So it's rebooting but actually saying rebooting, but it's actually stopping the thing Yeah, and then you have a 900 Mac nice nicely usable image So status you have seen what it can do All the basic basic stuff is there Wow getting a lag here So it's only two pages no worries Although all the basic needs are there the only thing is Battery dying. I don't know is The function get tap IP address If you want to have details about that as I said, I'm in the hallway the problem is Packer needs to know the IP address of the hosts tap interface Where it will be where it is binding built in HTTP server and Right now I have some assumptions in the code about something and assumptions is the motto of all fuck ups. So I have to fix that and Future plans Would be like having a disc label configuration Option multiple discs more networking and all that that will be something for next year Integration making packer itself of the packer build a plug-in or package ports and the same thing with Vagrant and then creating more or less a little bit of an ecosystem and Maybe some read me about how to integrate that with our domains and then using related on the outside and all that The other day you will have puff launch, which will be cloud on your laptop with open is the only So the slides are on github this is a just Static location leader it all started So the idea was coming from Antoine in bookers, but actually hacking started in Glaris VMCTL minus capital B to fake. I'm a netboot The idea of that was developed in in Glaris as well and Claudia was taking it into the Into the gang and then something like minus capital B happened And that's very convenient even if you are not using packer and that's all good Rubin out helped me with some ghost stuff and adding ISO and Q cow support for the discs Multidisks support will be the next thing or growing file five systems and all that So I think questions will be a bit of a problem time wise Okay, so here's the URLs like I said presentation. It's all online and Thank you open for questions for minutes, whatever nobody are come all Me sure you have questions Okay, can you hear me? Okay. So you were talking about spuff lunch, right? Have you tried to do like a queuing system for if you need for example multiple machines at once? You don't need to do that because packer is absolutely capable of it was in the in the internal description like every step of those five major steps in a packer build will be run in parallel By default packer will be taking care of it. So you do not need to you have your own Kind of queuing parallel parallelism. That's why it everything is doing RPC and not direct serialized calls Okay, even for the logs and if you want to use a database for keeping machines or something. Okay. Thanks Is there a special reason that You run the installation isn't it possible to pack the image by itself? So just create an image and pack the install files into it directly It's instead of run the whole installation of which machine Why are there ten religions? That's all the answer like the the one kind of breed is doing images and Recloning them and modifying it and the other breed is doing completely customized full builds And this is about full builds if you want to do it differently use something else And just ask for the advantages you have if you do it this way because I try this myself But just for one specific cloud we have in our company and there I am copied the The build infrastructure of how Install ISO is is is done and just ask what the what your advantages is if you do it this way hang on If you have an MI image or virtual box box You are having this one box and then you clone or import it and you can still Manipulate customize it This thing is not about instantiating a VM, but building the underlying image So you can customize the images Upfront or you're doing more or less a simple image like just Plane six five install like in the demo and then while you are instantiating it with Amazon or recurrent Then you can still have provisioning afterwards. So It's just different area What we are talking about Okay, thanks