So everybody hey, thanks for coming out here. We're towards the tail end of Kubcon. We're staying awake. It's great. It's great Welcome to charting your own course through the cloud native ecosystem and my name is Maddie Stratton And I'm Whitney Lee lovely to meet y'all So I first started learning Kubernetes about two years ago I remember talking with my dad on the phone telling him I was starting to learn this new technology and I was trying to describe to him how overwhelming it felt for me It feels like I'm learning a plate of spaghetti I said not only am I trying to memorize the shape in the placement of every noodle But I'm also trying to understand while how every noodle touches every other noodle and why I Remember Kubernetes felt so complex to the point of it seeming magical and as random and arbitrary as trying Understands a plate of pasta. Where does one even start? So everyone has a story Maddie and I are each gonna share ours and we ask that you reflect on your journey to So my name is Maddie Stratton my background. Well, everything's going too fast. Okay. It's fine First time using iPhone clicker. It's alright. It's totally good. I've spent a couple decades working in operation So my background is kind of traditional Jumping ahead Years ago when I wanted to learn more about DevOps. I decided the best way to do that was to start a podcast really because I felt there wasn't content that was beginner-friendly in that area and One of the really fun little secrets about running a tech podcast is it's a way to get people to come and spend an hour Talking to you when they might not necessarily spend that time Any other way so I had an opportunity to learn a lot from from folks in the industry of all kinds of different ways From doing the podcast. I also spent years and continued to as a conference organizer I started the DevOps day Chicago conference years ago. I'm one of the global organizers for DevOps days around the world and That's been a way that I've learned things because you put programs together You're exposed to those things and then over time I myself Wow that just totally ruined the joke Sorry, there's a delay on my clicker. Wow. Okay. Well forget that part um the story of that though was I Used to have the license plate DevOps on my car and then I moved to California when I moved back to Illinois I actually couldn't get the DevOps license plate because I already had it But they wouldn't give it back to me because bureaucracy So I needed something clever and came up with with having kubectl Even though I actually really didn't use Kubernetes very much one of the side benefits of that license plate though Is if the police are ever looking for me They won't be able to find me because they won't be able to tell each other what my license plate is because I'll all argue about how to pronounce it I figure we'll be fine and But then I went and I worked at Red Hat and Helping organizations through their transformation using OpenShift which meant I had to learn a lot about Kubernetes because OpenShift is a platform Built on on Kubernetes. So what's working through that gave me a requirement to learn that now today? I work at Pulumi and I do a lot with that both in helping folks who are using Pulumi to build and deploy and manage their Kubernetes environments, but also myself. I'm building it. I'm building things for demos for workshops So it's really given me this need to have this hands-on kind of applicable approach to to my learning about Kubernetes Mine so I am a career changer I've sent most of my adult life as a wedding photographer as a wedding photographer for 10 years I photographed I've been to over 500 weddings So at the end though the business ran me instead of me running the business I was super stressed and ready for a change So when my brother's band mutual benefits got some notoriety and he wanted to go on tour He invited me to play keys in the band and to sing harmonies so I jumped at the chance so I Spent all my savings giving my wedding clients back their money. My partner at the time wasn't supportive. We'd been together eight years gone And I put all my stuff in his storage and I lived address free for a year touring in a band Then when I got back, I wasn't sure what to do next my son was in college studying Software engineering and he was like hey mom mom you would like this you should try it out And so I did and I really enjoyed it. So I ended up going to a boot camp I wrote my first line of code in January 2019. I Spent hundreds of hours getting ready for boot camp once I was in boot camp that started in July I spent I did 11 hour days six days a week for three months graduating in October So and then in November I got a job as a cloud developer just like that So I I worked in a pre-sales team. Oh, thank you So I worked in a pre-sales team at IBM and we'd put together proof of concepts for clients But work was on or off and so when I didn't have work to do on the side I would make YouTube videos from behind the lightboard. I honestly couldn't believe they let me behind the lightboard when I was So green, but I think that's part of what made my videos good is that I really explained stuff at a beginner level So all in all I made seven lightboard videos for the IBM cloud YouTube channel and those have a half a million views altogether So then I realized actually this is what I want my career to be not the pre-sale stuff And so I got hired as a developer advocate at VMware tons you and I've been working really hard to learn Kubernetes last few years and learn it well and be able to teach it and now I have a show called enlightening So from behind the lightboard I'll have a guest come on and explain a technical concept to me And I'll draw out the concept as I understand it a show looks like this This is my mentor Rick came on and taught me how you add persistent storage to your Kubernetes application That's me So when we're looking at a big topic like Kubernetes like different things in the ecosystem it can seem very overwhelming and it can seem very overwhelming because well It is very overwhelming. There's a lot to it and We you know kind of look at that and I don't know if you know this or not, but the internet is vast There are a lot of resources out there So how do we start researching a big topic? And one of the things that really helps is to have a planned pattern that you can repeat So we're going to talk about this this cycle that we continue to repeat and if you think about it if you've worked in You know agile software development you think about DevOps all these things this cycle looks kind of familiar because what it is In a way is a feedback loop. We're going to sit there. We're going to say okay. We we're going to collect resources. We're going to skim through them. We're going to refine them. We're going to learn and we're going to Repeat this cycle and we're going to dig in a little bit about how this cycle works So the first step is to collect resources so find Introduction resources often ones that start with the title what if so you're going to get a sampler Now this doesn't have to be exhaustive The idea is for you to know what are the most recommended and popular resources out there just to get started Don't worry about actually trying to learn the concept yet Just get a sense of the landscape and a sense of what the choices are Now we're not going deep here while we're skimming these resources This is just to help us evaluate What we're going to focus on so like Whitney said don't worry about trying to learn it don't go too deep we're literally skimming over them to get a sense and Here's the thing at first you don't know what you don't know and As you're looking through these resources and evaluating one of the things to look for is What concepts continue to come up right you might sit there and say like there's a lot of stuff about storage I see these themes right okay. There's things about role-based access control. Should I pay attention to that? Here's the wonderful thing fundamentally. What's happening here is pattern recognition what humans are really great at That's what one of the things that's awesome about our prefrontal cortex that other mammals don't have it helps us look for patterns So we're saying what are we seeing come up as patterns? Now you kind of sit there and say okay with these resources what assumed knowledge are they expecting with this for me When I was learning kubernetes with my application developer background. I hadn't ever worked with Linux So when I one of the first resources I worked with it's like how do you find what application image is running in a pod like? Oh, all you do is run cube cuddle describe and then grep for the image and I was just like Grep what's that and like pipe grep this I was like I have no idea these language this language is getting thrown at me And honestly, I was so clueless that I didn't even know to look like oh I need to learn more about Linux because I didn't know it was Linux was the thing I didn't know So I ended up backing out of trying to learn kubernetes. I got a Linux command line book I read a couple of chapters of that and then I started my kubernetes journey back up What and you want to sort of sit here and say what resources? Resonate with you Personally right this may have to do with your learning style or your experience level how much time you have available And as we talk about this you may be a beginner at the idea you may come with a background of experience This is all different kinds of stories So what resonates to Whitney is different than what resonates to me is what different than resonates to you You're the only one who can evaluate that and then now now we're gonna let Whitney talk Now we'll take the resources we've collected in skim and we're gonna narrow them down So the idea here is like what Matt said to identify the resources that resonate with you personally So for example to learn kubernetes. I see a lot of people recommend to each other Go look use kubernetes the hard way go to Kelsey high towers resource and I'm sure it's an incredible resource But a little baby Whitney two years ago who doesn't know what grep is That resource is way way above my head from back then and only now do I feel it's in my zone of proximal development So now that we've collected the array of resources we've skimmed through them with chosen ones that resonate with us now It's time to learn so So the work of learning to to learn consistently the best strategy is to define bite-sized goals Achieve those reasonable goals and then do it again. So remember to reach for knowledge. That is in your zone of proximal development And then so the zone approximate development are concepts that will challenge you But are not so hard that they feel overwhelming. Look at all these loops We're just looping all over the place. It's phenomenal So the next thing you want to measure your progress to get a sense of accomplishment I personally love my Anki flashcard deck So it's spaced repetition study and I study cards every morning when I get up I added a stats plug-in too So I have a github style graph so I can see my progress and that I've studied every day Other popular note taking and study tools are notion and obsidian But maybe you're not that fancy Maybe you want to hand write your notes in a daily learning journal Or maybe you keep a blog of what you learn each day Like the there are different ways of finding joy with it and every way is valid The goal here is to keep learning at a consistent pace and to get a sense of purpose And a feeling of success and the journey in itself and not in those far away goals So years ago there was this up-and-coming comic named Brad Isaac He was a young comedian and somehow he found himself kind of backstage with legendary comedian Jerry Seinfeldt And he went to him and he just sort of came out and said you got any tips for an upcoming comedian And Jerry said to him, he said the way to be a better comic was to write better jokes But then he said, okay, how do you write better jokes? You write better jokes by writing a lot of jokes and by doing it every day So what he said to me said, okay, you're gonna get yourself one of those big whole year long calendars That's a whole year, not a not a flip one like in the picture But you know whole year one put it up on a wall where you can see it Get a big red magic marker and every day that you write a joke Cross off that day and then your whole your only job is to not break the chain Right keep them going and then you as you continue to do it You see this streak, you see this chain and you don't want to break the chain and it makes you feel good Your only job is to not break the chain and you notice that in any of that Nowhere did he's focus on results, it was just doing So you can do the same thing, you can say every day I'm doing something with my learning journey It doesn't mean I'm learning a lot, it doesn't mean that I actually I didn't accomplish anything but I did something Because when we get those streaks going it makes us not want to break them and we build those patterns And that's what moves us along So now when you're gonna go through this we're gonna ask a couple questions of you You can answer them to yourself in your head Because if we all answered them out loud at the same time it would be chaos But I don't know that might be kind of fun And these are questions that will help evaluate how you're gonna approach Your learning and your techniques So right now in your head ask yourself what is your own personal level of technology experience So when I started learning Kubernetes I didn't realize that a node is the same thing as a machine Is the same thing as a box, is the same thing as a worker And all of those things just mean computer So I particularly had to choose learning resources that have a beginner level Manny on the other hand started learning Kubernetes from a completely different perspective Where he had a lot of experience with DevOps already The point is learning can begin from anywhere And the next question you're gonna ask is how much time do you have to devote to learning Some folks are in a place where you can do full time boot camp style learning Where you can devote that's all that you're doing Some of us are doing it maybe 10 minutes a week And anywhere in between we have, we all live full lives that do other things We have different responsibilities, we're in different places There's no right answer but you wanna be realistic So you set yourself up for success You know if you realistically can't devote more than a little bit of time a week Then don't create a plan that's not gonna allow for that So you wanna make sure what you come up with is sustainable Whatever that way, whatever that amount of time is It will get you where you want to go So the last question you wanna ask yourself right now in your head Is what is your learning style Now you may not know the answer to this one yet But the good news is that's what we're about to talk about next So as we talk about different learning styles We're gonna focus on the VARC model So VARC stands for it's an acronym for visual, auditory, reading, writing And the K is for kinesthetic Or Kubernetes These learning styles are not mutually exclusive I personally think I'm both a visual learner and a reading, writing learner But Maddie identifies as an auditory learner and a kinesthetic learner That actually worked out really well Another thing to note is that concepts will sink deeper When you consume your concepts Learning more than one style, using more than one learning style at once So for example, if you watch a video that engages you both visually and audibly Then you take that and then apply that knowledge kinesthetically Then that's gonna help that concept sink very deeply for you Your learning style can also be situationally dependent So maybe you learn one way with work concepts in a totally different way When you're doing your hobbies So what type of learner are you? How do you know? Maddie and I are each gonna go over the four learning styles And ask you more questions for you to consider in your head To help you figure it out Did you know there was so much homework in this talk? So first let's talk about the visual learning style How do you know this is you? Do you understand information better when it's presented in a visual way? Are you a doodler? Are you a list maker? Do you see patterns in things? Are arts, beauty and aesthetics important to you? Do you enjoy consuming pictures, diagrams, maps, charts and graphs? If so, you're a visual learner You have a superpower So as you're learning a concept, draw out your understanding Maybe assign colors to common themes in your notes Your brain remembers colors very well So use this to your advantage On my phone I organize my apps and folders according to color Watch videos with a large graphic component Lightboard videos And visual learners may need more time to process material But then they often understand it more deeply This is something I wish I knew sooner Because in boot camp I felt like it took me longer to understand the concepts Than the people around me But now I know once I do know something it's really stuck in there And I can examine it from all angles So if you are an auditory learner like me Here's some of the ways to find out if you are Maybe you learn better when the subject is reinforced by sound I really like reading, but audio books help me catch things better Do you like to talk things through? It's actually kind of funny, while we've been working on this deck More often than not I would be sitting there and talking to myself Or we're talking to Whitney and say, sorry, I'm just thinking out loud I'm just thinking out loud, I'm just thinking out loud And at a certain point Whitney's like, well you are an auditory learner Another thing if you're familiar with the idea of rubber duck debugging If rubber duck debugging works really well for you And that's the idea of that someone, you know, a programmer came up To a senior programmer and asked for help with a problem And he had a person add a little rubber duck on the desk And said explain it to the duck And explained to the duck in the middle of explaining to the duck Figured out the solution, we call that rubber duck debugging If it resonates with you, you might be an auditory learner Are you really great at verbally explaining your things? Is that where those go in? Again, like me, I find myself often saying things like Okay, let's get this out of slack and get on Zoom and use mouth words for a minute That is definitely an auditory type learner I don't know, and maybe you create songs to help remember information People do that I've done that Oh yeah? Yeah Let's hear it I wish I was a Kubernetes baller I wish I could install her I wish I had a cube API I would call her I wish I had an app that was fast and don't crash And whose footprint was smaller Boom Fun fact, original title for this talk is I wish I was a Kubernetes baller But it felt like the other title might have gotten us through But a little bit better So if you are an auditory learner How do you maximize that superpower? One of the things is learning in groups Because we can talk it out So study groups, maybe a book club Get some study buddies Another thing is All of this material that we're providing here Could be written in a blog post and you might read it But we're sitting here listening to it be spoken And this is a different way So guest speakers, guest lecturers Go to meetups, all this stuff that's online And audiobook stuff I talked before about how I really like to read I like to read so much that when I was a kid I got in trouble, I got grounded from books Because my parents knew they could ground me And I would just sit and read One of the things I've realized over the last few years Is I've gotten into audiobooks is They resonate different, like I catch things I will listen to some of my favorite books And catch stuff, these are books I've read Dozens of times in my life And I'm like, oh, I didn't even notice that happened Because I'm at the pace of the narrator And also kind of explain things In your own voice And I said, my dog knows a lot about Pulumi Because I explain a lot of stuff I'm trying to figure out To my one-year-old Australian shepherd So... So is your learning style, reading and writing Here's some questions to help you figure it out Do you prefer to learn through written words? Are you drawn to writing? Do you enjoy reading articles or books? Do you keep a journal? Are you likely to look up definitions? Do you Google everything? Do you make lists? Interestingly, these two styles The visual style and reading writing style Have some overlap If this is you, you have a reading writing superpower So here's some ways to take advantage of that Read and write Note-taking is a powerful tool in your belt For me, if I read only The information goes in one eye and right out the other It does not stay in there, but if I read and take notes It's a different story Join a book club This is a fun way to reinforce your understanding When taking notes, don't write word for word Paraphrase the ideas in your own thoughts This will help you to think critically about the information Use flashcards Give yourself opportunities to recall the information That you're learning And strengthen the neural pathways That are forming in your brain And then our final style is kinesthetic And one of the ways Some of the ways you can figure out if this is you Is do you learn by experiencing or doing things I always think of kinesthetic also to me Is a visceral learning, right? It's somatic, it's body, it's feeling Do you like to act out events Or use your hands to help promote understanding Does it help you to draw things out? Now one of the things is I don't know if you know this or not I didn't draw these pictures because I don't draw well But I draw on whiteboards all the time But never to create an artifact that makes sense to anybody But I found in the days when we used to go out And do these things in person I'd be sitting in a conference room Trying to explain something And it's just a whole bunch of arrows and squiggles And doing whatever And it's literally just a dry erase marker That's following my gestures It is a way for me to sort of take my physicality And go into that Do you really want to have examples Especially if we're talking about technology and action And like real examples Not like dog implements class animal Right? But like a real thing That's saying if that makes sense to you Like good job, awesome That does not help me learn The you know those pieces Maybe you're good at applied activities Like painting or dancing Or cooking Or maybe you're good at them But you just like to do them a lot Like maybe I do, right? And you have to actually practice something In order to do it And for me I found this to be very true When I'm learning new technology I have to put it into a problem set That makes sense to me So that I can actually practice doing it And the other thing is Maybe it's difficult for you to sit still For long periods of time Have you noticed how Whitney has stood Very, very still and has been great And I've been And I'm like a conference speaker I'm supposed to know how to move on a stage And I still wander around So if any of those things are true You may have the superpower of kinesthetic So how do we maximize that? So and maybe writing code isn't the example This is one, but if it's a code type thing Write code while you're learning Go along with it Actually practice while you're doing it I also love turning learning into a game There's lots of different ways you can do that For quite some time I had an online game show called DevOps Party Games Which was basically just making a lot of jokes about tech One way to think about it I used to say that I wanted to learn Just enough about Kubernetes to make jokes about it Well you know what? That's actually not a bad way You know, you turn it into a game It keeps you kind of going But think about your pace We talked about how this visceral Kinesthetic style of learning Could actually be very tiring So just like Whitney said in some of the other ones It might take a little longer On the other side, if you're Kinesthetic Kind of pace yourself Because you're going to get pretty exhausted And look for real, exacting Hands-on ways to do things So they might be online playgrounds Might be easy local things like kind Minicube Something that's going to let you actually Just do this for real Without having to be given access To a giant production cluster And see what happens That could be a very visceral way to learn But maybe I don't recommend it Now, not to imply That Whitney and I are not real people I'm a hologram We are so not real We kind of wanted to talk to Some folks out in the community To get some thoughts on their journey And maybe some of their recommendations Because again, everybody has Some different stories So one person that I spoke to Was Gwendover Sanger Who's a software engineer Gwyn's tech background Again, career changer She did six months of a boot camp With Ruby on Rails Frontend stuff And learned Kubernetes as part of her internship And I kind of asked I said, you know, Gwyn What was a piece of advice that you got At first that was not helpful And it was this, right? I'm sure we've all heard this too Like, how do you learn things? Well, just go contribute to it, right? Well, the problem with that is What does that mean, right? Contributing to projects Can be a great way to learn But you need some guidance You need something So we kind of can run into that And then, you know, kind of ask What was some of the hardest stuff? And I really like thinking about this Because everybody has a different stumbling block So Gwyn said, I don't know This idea that you SSH into a node But then you kubectl exec into a pod It's just like where we trip up But every one of us out here Has got a different story of the one thing Where you're like, I don't know why That's just weird for me And then kind of finally I was like What was, what are the things Everybody was always insisting That this is really, really hard How many people continually heard this And even in a reassuring way of like Don't worry, don't worry Kubernetes is really hard The problem with that Is it kind of like Gwyn says Often times this is really when someone Is sort of referring to their Someone's inability to explain it And I'm just as guilty as anyone else of like Making jokes about Kubernetes Being hard because it's funny You know, I think we may have all seen Swift on securities tweet which is I think it was Swift, it might have been Swift or Ian, I now misremember but said I tried to explain Kubernetes as someone And now neither of us understands it The reality is this is not actually true, right Kubernetes isn't easy But it's not hard And it's not impossible What we have to do, this talk is about Accessing learning resources But those of us who are part of creating Learning resources need to think about How we can make this stuff more inclusive So now let's talk about Cat Cosgrove and her journey Like me, Cat is a developer advocate Who comes from a web developer background So the unhelpful advice that Cat got When she was first learning is the same Oh, this is always hard to learn This well-intentioned piece of advice Feels like a lack of consideration for learners So instead, Cat says It's important that new learners know That no one is an expert In every aspect of Kubernetes This is something I wish I knew When I started out Most folks employed in the field Likely know the fundamental concepts Of Kubernetes but they only have Really deep knowledge in one or two aspects of it So we also ask Cat What is the hardest thing about learning Kubernetes when you first tackled it And her reply, networking She said, frankly, I'm still pretty convinced That networking is magic It's not? So Maddie and I also tweeted Asking the community how they First learned Kubernetes One of our first responses came from Lena Hall who said I read a big percentage of Kubernetes documentation In 2015 in the last row Of a sparsely populated movie theater session It was fun. This tweet leaves me with more questions and answers What movie was playing at the time? Was it that boring? So Tim Davis said I still think it's a bunch of smoke, mirrors And a man behind the curtain He said, I learned it from watching you I still don't know it, send help And really it's sort of like The man behind the curtain, Tim We're kidding, we're kidding a little bit This is a line from The Wizard of Oz But that said, had to kind of Give a little bit of poke But I think the point here is that again As we continue to work there's always Still things where we don't completely understand And then finally I really love this tweet From Duffy and it kind of said There were three ways that he Kind of his story, part of it was Presentations from Kelsey Hightower And this reminds me of something I just want to call in and call out again We talked about Kubernetes the hard way Being not necessarily beginner friendly And everything like that, that is By no means anything to do with Kelsey Kelsey is one of the most accessible And creates all sorts of great content And is accessible to everybody Well that sounded more like Everybody can just go to Kelsey's house And ask about Kubernetes, I don't think you can do that But it's very inclusive stuff It's just that specific resource But then I also really like this idea Of like going into the slack But sometimes just by watching What other people have, which is kind of A reiteration on why learning in the open And asking questions in public Is really powerful because You'll actually get more answers yourself anyway But it helps other people And then also Duffy was working Actually on CoreOS, but I love this idea that Sharing with others is the most Effective way To learn a thing So we're here on the last day Of KubeCon, we've seen a lot Of amazing presentations From some of the Most advanced folks in our Community that are pushing The state of the art forward and no Kubernetes Better than anyone we could think of Every one of those people Was where you are now Where I am now, they've all been Somewhere, they got to where they are And you're going to get to where You need to be And then you can help all the others So let's go over Some takeaways So as we discussed at the beginning When you choose educational resources To start with, consider three things Consider your own personal knowledge level The amount of time you have to devote To learning and your learning style Track your study habits So that you have a sense of purpose And a feeling of success In the journey itself Remember, it's not about the results Learning is a lifelong process No one is perfect So if you miss some study days Be kind to yourself And get back to studying Life is messy and complicated And it can vary from moment to moment This is okay You know, earlier we said You don't know what you don't know Well, I'll tell you who it does know What you don't know, a mentor So... Sorry. So your mentor can give you Amazing perspective and guidance About what is the next best step And then finally There's no getting around it Deep learning takes time So accept that Build a good pattern And you can do it So this is our reference slide You can feel free to take a picture But don't worry, I'm going to give you A better way to get at these references So either that But we've got a lot of background articles On things that we've done But to make life even easier You can go to this bit.ly Or this QR code will take you to Where you can get the slides As well as on the website That has a link to all the resources That we refer to plus a bunch Of other great ones And speaking of even more resources In this very room At 4.55 There's going to be a great panel That's really focusing on some Specific resources and suggestions So sort of taking some of these ideas So giving you some great things to add To your collecting of resources So I highly recommend everybody come back For that panel. It's even in the same room I mean you have to wait a long time To sit in here so maybe go do something Else for a little bit But come on back again So my name is Matt Stratton And this is Matt Stratton And this is Matt Stratton And this is Matt Stratton And I'm Whitney Lee This has been super fun, thanks y'all I think if people have questions You can find us on Twitter We'll be hanging out up here if anybody wants To take some questions and stuff But I think we went right up to the time Thank you so much


Yeah, after hearing Randy I have the urge to tell my own story and so I will, I mean after all you can read the papers out of Ed Dolan's book and you're getting a gist of how good the accommodations were and I will verify what Ed was saying and in fact the first night I was late even finding my room and it took a while to realize that I didn't have a mat, it's just a small room but it took a while to realize I didn't have a mattress and the reason for that is I didn't have a light either. There were no lamps turns out that there was a screw-in bulb but it was burnt out and so anyhow we finally persevered. The food though was good, do you all remember the food? It was great, that sort of saved us from a lot more complaints. So anyhow I want to tell my story because I would offer up myself as the most unlikely person to end up arriving at South Royalton as you can imagine and the reason, several reasons, one is that my bachelor's degree is in electrical engineering and from a very hardcore engineering school, Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy has about four thousand male students and as we counted thirteen female students and we weren't even sure we were counting the right one. So you really had to be interested in engineering to go to that school. And then I'm a fan of Milton Friedman's in a lot of ways that Ed I'm sure realizes. The main thing I have against him is that he waited too long to put an end to the military draft and too long for me to take advantage of that and it turns out that my brother was actually drafted into the army and sent to Vietnam that's when I ducked into the Air Force, took a commision and was stationed in a little town in upstate New York, Rome, New York where I was working in an electronic countermeasures lab trying to figure out how to jam Russian radars, actually it was antique radars because it was the ones they gave to North Vietnam. That was my business, that's what I was all about in the Air Force and worrying about ECM. We didn't have any bad economics at University or at Missouri School of Mines but we didn't have any good economics either. It was just engineering and I didn't know anything about that kind of stuff and I kind of shied away from any of the social sciences anyhow. I just couldn't get my teeth into it like I could in engineering. But my brother right before he went to Vietnam told me that he had discovered Ein Rand and he'd read a book or two and he wanted the rest of them. And so one of my missions was to find more Rand books and you couldn't find them in Rome, New York. You had to go west to Syracuse or east to Albany. But I would find the books and I'd buy two copies, mail him one, read the other one. Later on I was in the Air Force there for four years, 67 to 71. It was in 71 that Jerome Tushilli wrote the book, it usually begins with Ein Rand. I would have made a good data point for his empirical study on that because that's how that's how it worked. And so I read those books and it's particularly the capitalism, the unknown ideal which had a bibliography in the back, listing Mises and Hayek and a few others. Didn't have Rothbard in there but I found him soon enough. It was delayed. I actually, I was trying to be objective about this. I went to the base library and asked for two books. I wanted Murray's book, Great Depression, and I wanted Galbraith's book, The Great Crash. And it turns out I got the Rothbard book. The one for Galbraith, it was a book on the Hindenburg that they sent me. So I forgot about Galbraith and went ahead and read Rothbard. Okay. Anyhow, when I exited the Air Force I was in trouble like so many other electrical engineers getting out of the Air Force because the economy was pretty soft and I kind of wondered why. Had no idea at the time why the economy would turn down. I didn't know about those such things. And some of my fellow officers were going into MBA programs and I thought, well, maybe I'll do that. And I looked at the curriculum and I thought, God, it's dull. It's an MBA program. It just seems way too dull. And I thought, well, economics is what I ought to go into because I knew some of it at least by reading Rand. And ended up at the University of Missouri at Kansas City to get a master's degree in economics. Well, UMKC was a hotbed of institutionalism, Babylonian, Eurasian institutionalism. And they also had some Marxists. They had a little bit of neoclassical, certainly Austrian. But I kind of strived in that atmosphere because there really were three camps, the institutionalists, Marxists, neoclassicals. And everyone thought I was in somebody else's camp. So I just sort of kept it that way. So anyhow, but that's the time that I wrote that first pamphlet thing that eventually got published by IHS. And I was invited then, actually one of my professors who arranged the invitation, to present it at the Midwest Economic Association in Chicago. My God. I was pretty green to be presenting any kind of economics and especially something this far out. And besides, there was no Austrian around to read this paper. And so just on a hope, I sent it to Murray Rothbard. And it turns out that not too long a week later or so, I got a phone call. It was Joey, actually. And she said, Murray liked your paper. He wants to talk to you. And she gave Murray the phone. And I had that same experience at the other tunes. You know, I heard a lot of cackling, you know, and I tried to figure out what was going on. He liked the paper. He liked it mainly because, as he said, it beats Keynes in his own game. He loved that, you know, that was something. And so he asked me, so are you going to be in New York anytime soon? And no plans to go to New York. And so I said, yeah, I'll be there spring break. And it was a wonderful evening at the Rothbard's. And we stayed up till three o'clock in the morning. Walter Block came over to Walter Grinder and one of his students. And we went through that paper, paragraph by paragraph. And I felt fairly confident about going to Chicago and giving the paper. But then when I got through with Kansas City with UMKC, I needed a job. I knew I wanted to go to grad school somewhere else, some PhD, but I didn't know where, okay? I needed a job. I had one offer from Kansas City Federal Reserve Bank. And I would question that. And then I'd interviewed with the Bendix Corporation who made electrical power systems. In other words, I'll go for engineering or economics, whichever works, although my engineering was getting a little stale and couldn't decide. I had a good interview with Bendix and I got a call a few days later. And the guy started talking more about the engineering and it just all didn't sound like fun to me. And finally he says, now the one thing with this electrical stuff I want to ask you, he says, do you know anything about corrosion? And you know, if it's a job interview, you can fake it, you can bluff it, you know, but I'm sure there's a little silence on the phone. And then I said, no. Ended up going to the Federal Reserve for a year and a half. Maybe, maybe if I'd understood just a little more about the Federal Reserve, I would have become a corrosion expert. But I know my time's running short so I'll hurry up a bit here. But in that trip to New York and the visit with Murray, he was making lists of people to go to a history conference at Cornell. It was exactly a year before the South Royalton Conference and he invited me to that. And so I had that experience under my belt before Royalton. I even had to postpone my start date at the Fed in order to go to the history conference. And then a year from then I took all my vacation time to go to South Royalton. And glad I did that. And then I'll just say here is where I figured out and partly from talking to Murray the year before, where am I going to go? You know, where am I going to go to school? And Murray had told me go to UCLA, NYU, or Charlottesville, UVA. And I knew about New York. I knew about LA. I didn't want to go either place. So I went to Charlottesville, you know, and then at the conference itself, Larry Moss was there. I enjoyed his tricks too. But he was able to tell me a lot about what was going on in Charlottesville and made me happy to decide on that without bothering about the other two. Okay, thank you much.


I welcome you all to this lecture in the course, Samasa in Panimian Grammar and this is the first course. We begin our lecture with the recitation of the Mangala Charana, Vishvesham Satchidanandam Vandeham Yo Khilan Jagat Charikarthi Bari Bharti Sanjari Harthi Leelaya Vishvesham Satchidanandam Vandeham Yo Khilan Jagat Charikarthi Bari Bharti Sanjari Harthi Leelaya We are studying the Tattpurusha Samasa. In this course, we concentrate on the Tattpurusha Samasa. We have tried to comprehend the features of the Tattpurusha Samasa, the sub varieties of Tattpurusha Samasa and so on. We say that the Tattpurusha Samasa is the most productive amongst all the major four Samasa categories, Avyaibhava, Tattpurusha, Bahuvrihi and Dhvandva. Panini has composed numerous sutras in order to explain the Tattpurusha Samasa in comparison with the other three, be it Samasa Vidhyayaka Sutra or Samasanta Pratyaya Vidhyayaka Sutra or be it Samasa Swara Vidhyayaka Sutra. The formation of the Tattpurusha Samasa can be summed up in a simple way in the form of this simple equation where we have X and Y two independent different entities, both of them having different meaning, independent meaning, both of them having different and independent word form and also both of them having independent and different accent but they are interrelated. Now the speaker of Sanskrit decides to merge such two independent separate units into one and then the process of compounding begins and the compound output generated is X, Y. Now this X, Y is one unit, it is one word form, it also denotes one meaning and it also has one accent. So X, Y is the compound and within these two it is Y which is the second member of the compound or Uttarapada of the compound which assumes the position of the head in the Tattpurusha compound. This is the feature of the Tattpurusha compound. So Y is the head and that is why it is shown in the bold characters. What this implies is that when X, Y as one unit gets related with the other units in the sentence that interrelation happens through the head namely Y and it cannot happen through X without going through Y. When we find such exceptional usages we say that this is an asamartha samasa primarily. We also stated that there are many varieties of Tattpurusha. First we studied the vibhakti Tattpurusha and within vibhakti Tattpurusha again we studied vitiya, tritiya, chaturthi, panjami, sapthami and then shashthi in this order as is stated in the grammar of panini in the ashtadhyay. Here we highlighted the fact that the karaka theory forms the base of the samasa theory or the samartha theory. Then we moved to the next big umbrella called karamadharaya samasa. Karamadharaya is extremely important as a variety of the purusha and this karamadharaya samasa is stated by panini in this section 2.149 to 2.172 and this is governed by the adhikara samanadhi karane na having co-referentiality as the relation. The Tattpurusha samasa is in fact defined by panini in this sutra, Tattpurusha samanadhi karane ha karamadharaya, 1 to 42. What this means is that the Tattpurusha in which the constituents denote one and the same entity as referent is termed karamadharaya, that Tattpurusha in which the constituents denote one and the same entity as referent is termed karamadharaya. Now the state of being samanadhi karane is samanadhi karaneya and this is described as vinnaprabhruti nimittasya anekasya shabdasya ekasmin arthe vrittihi samanadhi karanyam. So when many words whose purpose of usage is different stand for one and the same entity as referent such words are said to be co-referential referring to one and the same entity having the relation samanadhi karaneya and when samanadhi karaneya is the semantic relation between two words those words are semantically related and the compound thus formed is called karamadharaya. We have studied some of the earlier sutras forming the karamadharaya samasa and there are some more that we need to study. Now the first one that we study in this lecture is vrindaraka-naga-kunjaraihi pujja-manam 2162. Obviously there are two patterns in the sutra vrindaraka-naga-kunjaraihi and pujja-manam. So vrindaraka-naga-kunjaraihi is three three it is instrumental plural. Now what it means is with these words vrindaraka-naga and kunjarai. The other word is pujja-manam pujja-manam is one slash one. What it means is who is worshipped. So the prathama-vibhakti after pujja-manam triggers the upasarjana-saudnaya stated by prathama-nirdhiṣṭhama-samasa-upasarjana. And thereby the sutra upasarjana-purvam ensures that this upasarjana occupies the initial position of the compound. The purva-nipata happens. The words continued are sup-sahasupā, samartha-padamidhihi obviously and samanadhi-karanena instrumental singular meaning with the same referent. So when vrindaraka-naga and kunjarai they refer to something to which also the pujja-manam is referring to then they are sharing the relation of coreferentiality and then they get compounded by this particular sutra. The meaning is any subanta whose prāthipadika denotes the sense of who is being worshipped or respected is compounded with any other interrelated coreferent subanta whose prāthipadika is vrindaraka etc. I repeat any subanta whose prāthipadika denotes the sense of who is being worshipped or respected is compounded with any other interrelated coreferent subanta whose prāthipadika is vrindaraka etc. So for example if you have pujja-manam plus su as the purva-pada somebody who is worshipped then vrindaraka plus su as the uttara-pada and then as the compounded output you get pujja-manam and vrindaraka. For example when the meaning to be conveyed is a bull who is god indicating the greatness mastery of that particular bull. So we say gaushcha asau vrindaraka. So the word go refers to a bull and vrindaraka means god but in this context it is referring to the same bull and therefore we can say that go and vrindaraka they both are coreferential and so now this compound takes place and we have go-su-vrindaraka-su as the alau-kika-vigraha and then the samasa-saudhnya happens and then the prāthipadika-saudhnya takes place and then the su-pratyayā at the end of each pada is deleted by the sutra-supodhātup-prāthipadika-yoho and then we get go plus zero plus vrindaraka plus zero. So we have go-vrindaraka a bull who is god. Similarly we can have asubhavrindaraka a horse who is god. Similarly a bull or horse who is elephant. Even the word elephant here indicating the greatness of the species. So go-naga and ashva-naga remember this is not a dvandva compound so we are not saying go and naga we are saying the bull who is elephant the bull who is great. So that bull is referred to as go-naga and that horse is referred to as ashva-naga. So go is pujja or pujja-mana in this particular context.  Let us go to the next sutra, kattarakatamau jātipari prashtne 2.163 another sutra stating the karma-dharaya samāsa. There are two padazh in the sutra, kattarakatamau and jātipari prashtne, kattarakatamau is one slash two meaning these two words. Now this word is stated in the prathama-vibhakti thereby the sutra prathama-nirdhistam samāsa upasarjanam applies and assigns the term upasarjanam to these two words and then upasarjanam poorbham applies and ensures that these two words occupy the initial position of the tattpurusha compound thus derived. The other padah in the sutra is jātipari prashtne. This is seven slash one what it means is in the sense of question regarding the family. Now the word jāti in this case is taken to mean family because of the following statement available in the tradition. This is the explanation of the word jāti provided here. The words continued are and also meaning with the same referent so the meaning of the sutra is any subanta whose prātipadika is either of kattara or kattama is compounded with any other interrelated coreference subanta when the question is put regarding the family. So the structure of this compound is the following kattara or kattama occupying the purvapada and so the second further will have the prātipadika which will be related to the gotra and there will be a question generated overall by the compound and so the compound output would be kattara or kattama and the word indicating the gotra. So now the meaning is who amongst the two of you belong to the kattha family. If this is the meaning to be expressed we use the wordings kattara kattaha kattara kattaha. The word kattara is formed by adding the suffix datarach to the word kim and therefore we get the word kattara. Similarly also the tamach is added to the word kim and we get the form kattama. So now kattara kattaha they both refer to one and the same entity so they are coreferential and therefore they are semantically related and therefore now they get compounded. So we have kattara plus su plus kattha plus su and then there is samasa saudhnya that takes place and then there is prātipadika saudhnya that takes place and so now supodhātup prātipadika applies and deletes both the supratyas.  Similarly when the meaning is who amongst the many of you belong to the kattha family so here the prashna the question is about the jati about the family gotra and therefore the sutra applies and we also get the compounded output in the form of kattama kattha. Then the question is about kālāpā family who amongst the two or many of you belong to the kālāpā family then we also can have outputs in the form of kattara kālāpā or kattama kālāpā. Next we go to the sutra kim kṣepē this is 2164 there are two words in the sutra kim and kṣepē the word kim appears in the prathama vibhakti now it means what and the word in the prathama vibhakti is there therefore the sutra prathama nirdhiṣṭam samasa upasarjanam applies and assigns the term upasarjanam to the word kim and then upasarjanam poorvam ensures that this upasarjanam term occupies the initial position in the samasa. The other word is kṣepē seven slash one meaning in the sense of censure kṣepē means censure the words continued are sup and sahasupā also samarthapadavidhi and also samanadhi karanena meaning with the same referent. One more important sutra plays a crucial role in the derivation of compound over here namely kimaha kṣepē five four seventy this particular sutra negates adding any suffixes at the end of the compound in the derivation. So we don't add touch for example which is prescribed by five four ninety one Rājāhasakibhyashtach when we do the compounding in accordance with two one sixty four kim kṣepē two one sixty four is kim kṣepē and five four seventy is kimaha kṣepē. So now if you have the meaning any subanta whose prāthipadika is kim is compounded with any other interrelated coreference subanta when the compound indicates censure. So any subanta whose prāthipadika is kim is compounded with any other interrelated coreference subanta when the compound indicates censure. So we have kim plus su as the purvapada followed by any subanta as uttrapada and then the compound output would be kim plus that uttrapada prāthipadika. Once again we say that the sutra kimaha kṣepē applies over here and negates adding any suffixes at the end of the compound in the derivation. For example Rājāhasakibhyashtach five four ninety one prescribes the suffix touch at the end of a samāsat, takpūrusha samāsat which ends in rājan or ahan or sakhi but if kim happens to be the purvapada and if kṣepē is the overall sense of the compound then in this case five four ninety one does not apply and we don't add the suffix touch over here. So now when we have the meaning the king who does not protect, yonarakṣati. So we have kim rājā as the laukikavigraha. So we have the word kim and the word rājan meaning differently but referring to one and the same entity therefore they are co-referential and they are semantically related and so now we have the samāsa that takes place. So we have kim plus su plus rājan plus su as the laukikavigraha and then samāsa saūdhā takes place and then the prāthipadika saūdhā takes place. And then suprāthipadika yo applies and both the suprateyas are deleted and so now we have kim plus zero plus rājan plus zero and so now we have kim rājan. Now the finally derived output is kim rājan and the prathama ekvachana of this word is kim rājā. Rājā sakhibhyas touch prescribes the suffix touch and by adding the suffix touch we derive the words like mahārājā etc which we have already seen. So had that suffix been added here we would have derived the word as kim rājā ending in a but because of kimahakṣipe touch is not added and so we get the form kim rājan ending in na consonant and not in a bobble and so there is the prathama ekvachana in the form of kim rājā and not kim rājāha. Similarly when we have the meaning to be expressed namely a friend who betrays yobhidrayati so we can derive the compound in the similar fashion and the output would be kim sakhā. Note that there is no touch suffix applied and had the touch suffix been added the output would have been kim sakhā. Right now the output is kim sakhī and the prathama ekvachana is kim sakhā. Similarly when the output is a bobble who does not carry a censure is there so the output generated is kim go or then the prathama ekvachana is kim gauhu. Had there been the touch suffix been added we would have got the form kim gauha. So kim rājā, kim sakhā and kim gauha these are not generated because touch suffix is not added because of the sutra kimahakṣipe. So to summarize in the karmadharaya compound several special words are compounded in specific honorific sense like vrindārakā, nāgā and kunjara. These words primarily denote best of the species, animals like bull or elephant or sometimes also even god. But secondarily it has reached a state where it is denoting the compound is denoting the best of the lot and also notice that special words get compounded in the sense of censure which is an additional meaning of the compound. And the end of the compound suffix is not added in the sense of censure with the word kim as one of the constituents not able to lead the initial constituent. We continue studying some more sutras explaining the karmadharaya samasa in the coming lecture. These are the texts referred to. Thank you very much.


Kia ora. Hello everyone. My name is Francesca Marzatico. I'm a lecturer in land tenure and land administration at the School of Survey in the University of Otago and I have the pleasure to invite you to the session on climate justice with the title of the impact of climate change on traditional governance of land and natural resources. That will take place on Thursday 30th June from 11.15 to 12.45. This session of land that conference will discuss the challenges that indigenous people face as a consequence of climate change and sea level rising. We will talk about this with the participants from Eritrea, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia and the Pacific. We will bring a perspective also from different countries and we will have presentation and discussion and we hope you can participate and contribute to our learning during the session. So if you are passionate about climate justice, join us on Thursday 30th June from 11.15 to 12.45 at the land that conference session on the impact of climate change on traditional governance of land and natural resources organized by the University of Otago. Thank you.


Look out my bunk window. I see that thing parked right there. That's a truck. Look at that thing, it doesn't even fit in the frame. Maybe it's got a kitchen in there, a bathroom in there. Oh, we got like a king size bed in there. Who knows? I would walk around and show it closer to you, but the guys in the window, the windows are open and we gotta get going. We gotta deliver our freight. So this beautiful piece of engineering that we're traveling over right now, Memphis, Arkansas. Because that makes sense. Memphis. I didn't know they had ferros here. Going to the east side of Memphis. Oh, I moved over for nothing. Let me back in. I don't want to be in this lane for our wheelers. I gotta get out of this lane. I gotta get out of this lane. 1.7 kilometers. Take exit 1E, on right, to I-240 south. Then keep left. I-240 south. That is a good breakfast. Right, Diesel? Maybe, maybe not. We're just here in Memphis, waiting to get unloaded. It's one of those hurry up and wait situations. Hurry, hurry, hurry, hurry. We want this freight yesterday. We get here. You'll have to wait. I see. It's just how it goes. That's just how the industry goes. It's always, always hurry up and wait. Better to be here early or on time and wait than be late. Where's that driver going? Where's the driver? Nice and round over there. Don't take my door, driver. Don't take my door. I'm waiting for one driver to pull out. And then once he's pulled, oh, there he goes right now actually. Then I'll have my door open and then I can back into the dock because I should get ready to back into the dock. Driver tried to steal my door. I had to go and let her know. Hey, it's my door. He's like, oh, I don't usually have to wait. I usually just back right in. I was like, oh, well. There's a lineup over there. See those like five, six trucks over there? Yeah, we're all waiting. He just cut right in front of everybody and tried to back into the door. Oh well. He wasn't mean about it at least though, so he had a good attitude. But he's getting out of my way now. All right, so finally got into Mississippi. I don't get to come down to Mississippi that often. We don't have as much freight going down here. We're gonna be crossing through Alabama into Georgia. Alabama I go to even less. So it's kind of a special day. You're gonna see two states that I hardly ever see. It's through Birmingham, Alabama. I have a llama. Poor guys for the life of them can't get those things undone.  That's okay. They were tugging each other. One guy had one side at first and the other guy had the other side. They were tugging on. I was waiting for it to break apart for them to both go flying in each direction. So we're here at Love's Travel Plaza. We haven't stopped at Love's very often in the past. So I'm not very familiar with them. But I've now got to go ahead or the, what would I say? They've told me that we're getting better prices on fuel at Love's. So I figured I'm gonna start fueling at Love's. They're giving us cheaper juice. Yeah. So now I'm fueling at Love's in the States. I'm still stopping at Flying J-Pilot because it's just they got a better network and you know, I got their internet there and whatnot. So in the States, it looks like I'll be fueling at Love's now until Flying J decides to give us better prices on their fuel. See how long this lasts. But just waiting here a little bit and then I'm gonna be going and doing my first transaction. It's kind of exciting. Our first ever fuel up at Love's. Who's that? The trust factor. I trust that you have diesel fuel in there for me. Is that what you're talking about? Who knows? Love's. Why do they call it Love's diesel? Oh, maybe the guy who didn't know which one we did it, man. Maybe that's why. I don't know. Why would they call it Love's? Why would they call it Love's? I don't know. Anyways, we're gonna see how good their fuel is today. All right, let's see if we can figure this thing out. Wait a second. Oh. Already not impressed. Hashtag not impressed.  Why can't we just burn diesel diesel? I don't always have to be special diesel. I know, I know why the reasons are, but. Seriously, this gums up your engine and your injectors and it freezes in winter time. The reason my fuel gels so easily is that. I'm not sure what the biodiesel blend is in Canada, but I'm pretty sure it's not between five and 20%. Try and figure this thing out. I've even got my own Love's reward card. See, that works. Love's exactly like Flying J. It's like no different. Oh, we do not want D, E, F, ever, ever, ever, junk. Rock me. So it seems like it's exactly the same setup as Flying J and Husky. They're all the same. I wonder if they're all the same, like all together. It's a conspiracy. One company owns everything. Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa. Leaving loves here. The overall first impression is good. The store was clean. The parking lot is nicely paved. Nicely taken care of. It's clean, not a lot of garbage lying around yet. I say yet because it'll happen. The pump system is exactly the same as Flying J and Pilot. So that was easy. The reward program, I'm not too familiar with it yet, but I did read up on it once and I know they got a pretty good reward program. So that's good. I'm just broadening my fuel stops. I used to stop at exclusively Pilot Flying J because with our fuel cars, that's where we were getting the best prices. And now that we got Love's on the list, they're giving us better prices like I was telling you. So why not? You will win my business if you offer me the cheapest product as long as it's still the same quality, right? And I'm pretty sure all the fuel comes from the same place. I do understand the whole reason for the biodiesel and the DEF, like don't get me wrong. I'm just not that big of a tree hugger like that. Yes, I love being in nature. I love nature. And I understand that these things are making or saving that doesn't mean I have to like them. They make things a lot more difficult in the winter time and summertime, all of these things are fine. Every single person I see out here is talking on their phone and driving. You see that guy too? They're all driving nice cars too. I guess I can afford the ticket. Green here, my friends. Green. Green means go. Where I'm from. All right, here we go. You bet, Mandy. That's what I'm gonna do. That's a good idea. I'm gonna do that. So I've been eating a lot of fruit lately as snacks instead of, you know, junk food. It's amazing how much better you feel having an apple instead of a candy bar. Just saying. The doctors always say that, you know, that, yeah. But you know what, it's true. You have some fruit. Oh, it's like having an energy drink without the crash. I feel great. We'll spit us out onto the I-20 East. That's what Mandy said, right? Hopefully get a good look at downtown Birmingham. We get a decent view. I'll share it with you. I've noticed the roads around here though, and you need a little bit of help though. They're still better than some places I've been to. A little bit bumpy. That's okay. That's what suspension is for. Always comes every day when the vlog's about to end and everybody goes, oh yeah. These are days. You wanna explain to everybody what we do when we stop? Well, let's go over what we do. See if we have time to keep this in the vlog or if I have to edit it out. If I have to edit it out, I'll just do it tomorrow. Anyways, so we parked the truck, right? First thing we usually do is pull the shades. And that turns my whole truck into a giant sleeper. Instead of just having from here back a sleeper, see this whole thing is now a home. And no one can see in that total privacy, which reminds me, I still gotta put the cover on that window, whatever. Do that in a little bit, at least this one. It blocks the light from coming in. It also keeps the cab cool in summertime. It doesn't keep the cab warm very well in wintertime, though, having that there. But it does keep the sun rays out in the summer and keeps your cab cooler. Anyways, sun's not up now anyways. So when I do stop, my log book is kept down there. I grab it, I put it on the steering wheel right here. I do my logs. First thing, as soon as I stop, make sure everything is good to go, make sure it is all true and correct, sign it. I put the white copy, the original, into an envelope right behind it there, and it says logs on it. And I put the yellow copy, which is my copy, into a separate folder. That stays with me, goes to my accountant, my mother. And so, you get tax credits for every log sheet that you hand back in, right? This is how it works in Canada anyways. I'm not sure how it is in the States. The more logs you hand in, the more returns you'll get, right? I think that's how it works in a way. I don't know, I'm not the accountant. Mom will correct me if I'm wrong. Anyways, first thing we do after we're done our log books, we take all of our cameras. First off, all this junk gets gathered here throughout the day. Take our cameras. This is the one that goes on the mirror. Take that, you put it back here. Not right beside the access, it's getting hot right now. And the camera from the dashboard, you go like this, and boom, there it is, it was hiding. I haven't done this yet, usually this is my routine. And then the camera I'm holding right now is my best camera. It's the most expensive camera I have. I like it because it's awesome. It's just very awkward to carry around. It's very obvious what you're doing. Anyways, what's my other camera? Oh yes, and this is my other camera. This is my regular vlog camera that I always have in my pocket everywhere I go. And when I stop my pocket, because it's uncomfortable to have that in your pocket when you're sitting, right? I have this little holder here for it. And that is my regular vlog camera just fits right in your pocket. Just a Sony power shot. It's what most vloggers use from what I've heard. I find it to be great because you can just, like I said, just slide it in your pocket. It does great HD video. It's got a little bit of a zoom. Though it's kind of annoying because when you zoom in, you can hear it in the audio in the video, but that's a great vlog camera. And it's very affordable. I think it was only like $183 or $160 Canadian as opposed to the camera I'm holding right now, which is like, how much was it, $700, $700 or $800? I got it on a deal because it was a demo, so I paid considerably a lot less. But brand new, yeah, that would be a lot. And then those GoPros are the white edition I think is, what is it, $200, $200 or $300? And this is the Black Hero 3 Plus. When it was brand new, it was $500. Little thing, and then all the accessories are like, this was like $20. No, I think this was more than that. I think this was $40 for this thing. GoPro accessories are not cheap. They know they can just give it to you because you can't get those accessories anywhere else. You have to buy the GoPro accessories so they can charge whatever they want, right? So once I get all of my cameras together, I pull out my handy-dandy thingamajigger here. This is my computer bag, which is all in a mess of a messy person. Where is it? Where is it? I don't know why you're in there. I just put you in there. One second. Can I put you on hold? I need some good hold music. Where are you? Found it. Put it in the wrong bag. You don't belong in there. You belong in this bag. That's my folding bag. What are you doing in this? And you're supposed to be in my computer bag. This is what I use. Some of you are wondering what do I use to transfer the files? This is a USB port, obviously, plugs into the computer. And this is a universal pug mount. See how almost any kind of plug can fit in there? Mini SD card, regular SD card, any kind of SD card just goes right in there. Put the files onto the computer, which is already over here on this little cooling pad, getting ready, booting up. I put all the files on there. If I have time and energy, I edit it right away before I go to sleep. If I'm too tired or if I just don't have time because I'm in a rush, I need to pretty much just go to sleep so I get the rest I need so I can get up right away. That usually happens in Canada because you can only stop, well, you only have to stop eight hours per night in Canada, right? Then you account for the other two hours throughout the day. Hard to explain right now. That's not what this clip is about. I'll do that another time. But that, in those cases when I'm in a real rush in Canada, I won't even edit the vlogs. I'll just put it onto the computer, put it into a file, close it up and edit it when I get a chance. Pretty much a benefit of having the vlogs a little bit behind. And then what I do is I worry about supper. Today, supper's gonna be the same as yesterday. We got this George Foreman grill, it's a brand new, it's the second time we're gonna be using it.  And potato salad, pretty much the same thing that we did yesterday. And this is my home, guys. So, as you can tell, it's very homey.  Oh, they're not in the way. Chill in there. And then this is all my junk. It's not my junk, but the jet's bag in the back there. Go jets, go.     And, you know, Advil and Tylenol, whatever else I might need on the road, stuff like that. And this is my computer bag for all my computer accessories, including the cooler. And then the computer has its own little case there as well. And I don't know what that is. I don't know. I just give it to Diesel. He seems to like it. Dog food. I forgot to buy dog food last time we were at Walmart. We're gonna have to stop again before we get back to Canada, man. Anyway, so that's when I go to sleep, all of this stuff here gets moved onto my driver seat and steering wheel pretty much. And then I have the whole bed for you. I put it all over there on purpose because I want Diesel to stay off of this side of the bed. That's where I rest my head. Because that's usually the highest point because you're usually, you know, against the curb. And that's the highest point. I put my head there. I know Diesel sheds and it doesn't bother me, but it does bother me when I'm trying to sleep and I have a mouthful of hair. I don't like that. No offense, Diesel. No offense. I love your hair. But that's why that's all there to keep him off of that. So then when I put that there, I have a nice, clean, hair-free place to lay my head, right? And then he has his pillow over here under my mouth. And that's where he lays and he can look out the window because it works out better that way anyways, right? Because he can just lay there and stare out the window while we drive. And that's that. Anyways, this thing is heated up, ready to go. I'm starving. Starving. So I'll see you guys tomorrow, 4 a.m. Central Time. From here, we're gonna be going, delivering our freight into Buford. We're in Brazelton, Georgia right now. We're gonna be going into Buford, Georgia, dropping a pallet off there, one or two pallets. Then we got one pallet left, I think, or two, whatever. I got three pallets on the trailer right now. Two are going to one place, you know what I mean. After we go to Buford, unload there, we're going to, oh, somewhere in North Carolina. Where, oh no, Mount Holly, North Carolina. So we're going, we're gonna drop a pallet there tomorrow and then we're headed over to Kinston, all the way on the coast, I believe. We're picking up a load there and that's taking us up back to Canada. And you'll have to wait to hear about that load when we pick it up. Anyways guys, thanks for joining me today. I really appreciate the views and that you're so kind to me with all the good comments. I read them all. Believe me, I read them all. I don't have time to respond to them all but I read every single one of them and you guys have been great lately. You know what, you've been great all the time. All the time, what am I saying, lately? Lately it's just been better than usual, I guess. So guys, if you like the vlogs, don't forget. There's that like button down there. It gives me a big boost of motivation to make another vlog, another and that I'll see you tomorrow, four a.m. central time or anytime after that vlog will be live. What do you want, Diesel? Why are you sitting so close to me? I just want you to know you're my favorite human. And that chicken smells really good. Delicious. What would you think, Diesel? Does that look good to you? Mmm, that looks good. Good boy. Good boy. No, you still can't have it but I will give you that little chunk right there. I saved you that little chunk. Yeah, but it's a little hot right now. I can't give it to you yet. It's too hot. Good boy. He won't touch it unless if I tell him to. If I gave the word, he would swallow those things whole. One bite, all of them. Not until I tell you though, right? Those are mine. I'll give you that piece. Good boy.


Patellar tendinopathy, the knee pain. What shoes do you recommend? Jumping literally help build strength in your legs. I'm talking literally just jumping. So if you have a super strong posterior chain, but really weak quads and calves, you're gonna have so much power being generated, but then it might be too much on your knee. Every single day is another step in the process, but the process is progress and progress is the process. So no matter where you're at, in your process, it is progress. What is good? Welcome back to Dunk Tip Tuesday. Today we're going live on Instagram right here. If you're watching on Instagram, this will be posted on YouTube in my podcast today. I wanna talk about key muscles you need to work on to jump higher. And so I'm gonna answer some questions. Thank you for all the comments. We're gonna go through the comments of the week as well. Here we go. I got some fantastic comments. We've got Brandon Terry, Jack Ricketts. How is this guy not lost vertical because of COVID, but hasn't gotten a 10 foot East Bay? Great question. It's just I need to jump higher. That level's where I'm at. That's why I'm doing this whole long phase of the yoga to unlock my body, then length through strength, strength through length, and then the phase of jumping higher than ever. Well, what's up to Instagram going live right here? Shout out to everybody there. And yeah, what else? Live in legend and also leave your comments on YouTube for me to know what topics to cover next week. That's why I'm doing this one because I got a lot of people asking me how to get your body lean, but also how to strengthen your body to get higher. So let's get into it. These comments are amazing, by the way. Balance Meals does work. A Red Bull and a Steven Selly video. Now I'm ready to jump. Let's go Tyrone Davis. I bet you pronounced my last name wrong. William Scarcia. That's easy, come on. Habits are momentum. If you don't do the right thing yesterday, but you did it today, you are infinitely more likely to do it again tomorrow. Learn this from Keegan Smith. That's awesome, Pete S. All right, so in the chat we got, in the Instagram we got best workout for pateller tendinopathy. And real quick, if you're watching this on YouTube, I'm going live on Instagram, but this is where I'm gonna be posting everything. So stay tuned. Pateller tendinopathy, the knee pain, what you wanna do for that is slowly regress till there's no pain, even if that means resting, and then slowly do isometrics, and do that very, very gradually. So every time you do it, start with one day a week, then up it, give yourself two days of rest, then slowly increase those isometrics, the weight and the time you're holding it, and then slowly increase the range of motion, and I have a whole video on that, and just keep going that way, and you have to understand range of motion and speed, is the faster you move, the more tension. So it's basically just understanding tension that you're causing on the tendon, and slowly add more and more tension, very, very slowly, one variable at a time, and you'll be able to jump like me on concrete, no pain, pain-free off one leg. Let's go! Okay, next question. I'm gonna go through a couple questions. What shoes do you recommend? So the shoes that I recommend are light, grippy, and I like ankle mobility, so I wouldn't go with anything that restricts my ankles because I used to have bad ankle pain and sprained my ankle all the time, but now that I allowed my ankles to get stronger and more mobile, now the low tops are actually helping my ankles get stronger because every time I play, every time I jump, they're getting worked. I'm not neglecting those muscles. This is kind of on today's topic, and I'm gonna get into the three keys. Does jumping literally help build strength in your legs? I'm talking literally just jumping, yes. So you're going to be using your muscles.  So if you're jumping jump rope, that's why people ask about jump rope over and over and over again. You're not really trying to jump higher, you're just jumping over and over and over again. You're more conditioning your muscles. So the term strength needs to be defined too. Are you gonna be able to lift more weight? If you just started jump roping, yes, you're probably able to get stronger muscles, but if you're doing jump roping over and over and over, it's not gonna be stimulating you to get stronger, but it is gonna allow you to jump more and longer because you're doing endurance.  So maybe you do seated jumps if you don't have weights, but then also you're gonna want to start adding some kind of weights to get stronger. So the three keys for jumping higher. The first one is your core. I think that goes really underrated. It really needs to be solid and there's different ways to work it. It's not just doing crunches, but you want it to be lean. You want it to be strong and you want to hit top to bottom because it's really easy to get the upper abs, but you really want to hit the lower abs because that hits that psoas muscle that connects to your hips. So if you have that balance there, which leads me to my next point of balance, if you're able to get that balance in there, your hips will work properly and then the hips, when you lift up your knee, that's using those lower abs. So you really want to hit those lower abs and those deep muscles so that your hips are healthy and you can get in there and you can really utilize your legs. That leads me to my next point of balance. A really big key when it comes to training is balanced muscles. So you want to lift correctly, which is the last point. So lifting correctly allows you to hit the right muscles you want to hit and I would say that the key muscles you want to hit with your body to jump higher are the posterior chain. Your butt, your hamstrings, your calves, that's where all the power comes from, but you still need the balance. So I don't want you to just completely develop those things and neglect your quads and even your tibialis in the front of your leg because you need those as well. And the other thing you need them for is the balance because if you have imbalances, you're gonna get tight, which is my problem, it leads to injuries and then you're not gonna be able to be the strongest you could possibly be because you're gonna be imbalanced. Think of those imbalances as just blockages in your body. So if you have a super strong posterior chain but really weak quads and calves, you're gonna have so much power being generated but then it might be too much on your knee because a lot of the knee comes from the strong quads, strong VMOs and strong tibialis, right? That it's putting too much tension on your knee, that's why there's a lot of knee pain. So if you can develop your quads up and develop your front of your leg as well, it'll help you use that power. And then the last part about it is lifting correctly. If you're balanced and you're hitting that so-as muscle like I'm talking about, you have healthy hips, you have strong quads as well, you're gonna be able to lengthen through the other movements because trying to get into deeper ranges of motion requires the balance of muscles to pull each other apart. It's not just stretching when you're stretching, it's using other muscles to pull you into that stretch, that counter it. So when you're lifting correctly, now you have the length you need, the strength through the entire muscle and you're lifting correctly so you're not getting injured and you're building a solid, solid foundation. So I rather you go through the range of motion, depth and do all the details first so that way you can build up every ounce of that muscle that you have in your body and of course, all your whole body's being used but that's why I wanted to give some details today for pieces that I think people miss is a big part of it is your butt and your hamstrings and we don't see hamstrings being flexed, although I might be a hamstring flexer coming soon once I get them shredded. But like the quads look good, you're taking mirror pictures. The calves look good, right? The abs look good but the booty and the hamstring as a guy, at least we're not showing that off but those are where the power comes from, that's where you're exploding from, that's where your body is going to get its power. So definitely need to develop that stay balance, focus on lifting correctly first when you're in the lifting phase and hit that core, hit those deep muscles, stay balanced through the whole core and use everything because everything's being used in your body so you want it to be the most in tune you can head to toe and you know I love to talk about the mindset, that's also another part of it but those are the key muscles you want to hit, get bouncy, get powerful and I'll see you next week. Let me know what you thought about this, let me know what you want to see next week, let me know what you want me to yell about, leave a comment for me to get hype, all these let's go comments are freaking hyping me up. Have a great Dunk Tip Tuesday, every single day we're working, every single day is another step in the process but the process is progress and progress is the process. So no matter where you're at, in your process it is progress, you're constantly making progress and if you can enjoy that, you enjoy the now, you're the most effective you could possibly be in the now and all your attention's in this now so you could do the best workout today, every movement and that long-term progress will be yours. I'll see you next week, let's go. That's how you do it.


We will, of course, have plenty more on the Subway series matchup coming up. But yesterday, Yankees general partner and co-chairperson Hal Steinbrenner met the media for a wide-ranging discussion about the state of the 2021 Yankees. The club sits at 41 and 39 as we reach the halfway mark.  It's aggravating. I mean, there's no doubt about it. I mean, I don't need to tell you that. It's absolutely aggravating, maddening. I mean, you choose the word. It has been tough to watch. And the players know that. This is not, you know, they're better than this. This is not the product that we expect. And it's not the type of play that they expect themselves. Myself, Cashman, Boone, the coaches, I mean, we're responsible, right? I mean, we're in charge. So at some level, we're responsible for what's going on. But make no mistake about it. I mean, my opinion, the majority of the responsibility, whether it's the responsibility of inconsistent offense or bad base running, et cetera, that responsibility lies with the players. They're the ones on the field, right? They're a group of very talented professional athletes that are playing this game at the highest level in the world. They need to fix this problem. They need to fix the problem because everyone, including our fan base, rightfully so, has had enough, quite frankly. It's enough. And they know that. And, you know, you're seeing them say that. They're taking it seriously. They had a team-only meeting a couple days ago, which in my opinion is always the best type of meeting. Peers holding other peers accountable is, in my belief, the most effective type of meeting that can occur. But we all can share the blame, but the majority of the blame lies with them. Everybody on the coaching staff has dealt with these players in the past. We've had some great offenses and some great teams. So, and, you know, nobody's working harder than the coaches. And, you know, the players, the most important thing to me always, any given year, is that the players respect the coaches, believe in the coaches, and that's absolutely the case here. So these Jekyll and Hyde Yankees had a nice stretch in June, but still finished the month under 500 at 12 and 14. Their offense has started to snap out of what's been a season-long malaise, scoring nearly five runs a game, but now it's the pitching staff that has sagged. The team, ERA, last month was nearly five. It had been 3.20 through the end of May.