You may remember the name Martha Randolph, but if you don't, I'm going to try to help you out. She's a former entertainment industry professional. She's an aspiring educator who accomplished her BA in classical East West studies at Hawaii Pacific University. She has a master's degree in world religions from UH Manoa. We're going to talk about the upcoming, or rather not the upcoming, but the just past Trump, Kim, the TK meeting in Singapore. Singapore, by the way, just seems so irrelevant to the meeting. It doesn't matter that it was Singapore. No. It could have been anywhere, or nowhere. Well, it's significant in the sense that it is a very important government in Asia, in South Asia, and they were willing to do it, and they seem to have friendly relations with everybody. This is important. Singapore. They're brilliant. They're okay with China. They're okay with the Koreas, and they're okay with the United States. They know how to navigate those waters. They sure do. So, Martha, we met earlier this week. We met before the meeting actually took place. We made some expectations and predictions and what have you. I mean, largely what you were saying before has come true. This is true, which I have to admit, I was the one who called you and said, let's do a follow-up, because I was excited by the fact that the outcome, which you'd asked me what my opinion was, the outcome was pretty much what I expected. What I did not expect was that the Trump rhetoric about Kim Jong-un would turn out to actually be sensible considering the real history. Not that Trump knows he's being sensible. Trump is being Trump. So if everyone says, oh, he's being manipulated, maybe he is. Is he being friendly to a dictator? Yes, he absolutely is, but then Trump thinks that as a government leader, he should also be a dictator. Friendly? Smile a lot, but a dictator. Is, does Trump know why what he's saying is valid? Absolutely not. But I am very upset with the liberal media who is doing, you know. Even a broken clock is right twice a day. It surely is. And all I need is for Trump to be right twice a day in this situation, which is very important because we do have to let go of the past. We do have to deal with Kim Jong-un as a new leader in a new era, and we have to deal with the realities of the situation, which is that of the two of them, the person who is most crazy is Trump, not Kim Jong-un. Let me push back with you, OK? They spent 20 minutes together. They did. Those speaks the other fellow's language. They couldn't really talk that much. And apparently they didn't have conversations before or after. It was done through staff, I suppose, and you got to give credit to staff where credit is due, I suppose. And it was a very quick meeting, so much so that he knew it was going to be a quick meeting, and he said before the meeting ever began that he'd be leaving earlier than he had anticipated, and he flew back through Hawaii without so much as a fairly well. Right. You know, just refueling, so to speak. And that was it. This is all, in my view, a play to the press. And the agreement itself is two pages long, it's totally general. There are no details in there. It is all an agreement to agree about some pretty vague principles. And some people say that Trump did not get a better deal because there's no way that he can really confirm denuclearization within his term of office, even if he wins the second term of office. On the other hand, if they say, even if we remove our troops, I'm not sure that's part of the deal. I'm not sure what is the deal, remove our troops and also stop doing joint exercises with South Korea, you know, that's tangible. So we're doing something tangible. Kim Jong-un is not doing anything tangible. There's a pie in the sky for later. Now, furthermore, may I just take this point also, furthermore, he did this without consulting South Korea. He did this without consulting Tokyo, Japan, and he did this without consulting China. And so, you know, this is not good diplomacy. No, it's not. This is off the back of his hand here. Yes. But if he's lucky to say that there's a benefit, that's good, but I think there's also a price to be paid for failing to properly deal with neighboring states. There's no question, as I said, that Trump doesn't have a clue why what he's doing is right or wrong. And everything you said is absolutely right. He was making it up as he went along. However, in this case, some of these moves happen to be the ones that Korea has been waiting for for a while and also the ones most likely to lead to a denuclearization. We have to remember, as I said on Monday when we talked initially, that Korea has been afraid the United States plans to invade because the United States and South Korea never reached a peace agreement at the end of the Korean War. They reached an armistice, an agreement not to change the status quo. Do you really think that a guy so sophisticated and he is sophisticated, he's 34 years old, but he's as sophisticated as any 34-year-old you might meet and who was trained in Switzerland really believed that the Americans, I mean, any reads and studies, the American psyche, all the newspapers, what have you, do you think he really believed or believes that the U.S. would actually bomb him, that the U.S. would actually attack him and that that having military equipment around North Korea was a real threat? Well, you have to remember that until Kim and the recent Olympic Games, there wasn't a lot of detente between South Korea and North Korea. And the countries that were afraid, he was less afraid of the United States than he was of South Korea, of China, not Japan, because Japan has its own problems. But those countries were afraid of his nuclear weapons. They really are in an area that could be affected by a nuclear, any, even a nuclear accident, even a nuclear accident in Japan affected the West Coast of California. Did we assume that Japan was out to get us? No, they had an accident. So anytime you're dealing with nuclear material, you are dealing with a dangerous situation. Now, what has been happening is that, as I said, Korea has been manufacturing this we're crazy enough to let it go image because that kept the world on edge. Kim Jong-yong has tried over his term of power. He has had to consolidate his position. I don't know why Americans don't understand this. There have been more juntas in dictatorship countries than anywhere else. He could have been replaced by his uncle, who of course was the first one he had killed. All right, because his uncle had connections in China. He could have been replaced by his half-brother, who was also under the protection of China and out of Korea. He had him killed. Now, I'm not saying that's a great thing, but excuse me, Mr. Putin is having all sorts of people killed and put in jail.  I'm sorry, but he is. There are a lot of things that have to be worked out, but you have to start somewhere. The fact that Trump's ego and his ignorance and his policies in this case are putting us in the right direction is just a happenstance. If Kim had made any firm agreement with Trump, he could have been just as sure that it would have been torn up when Trump got home. Trump really is the unknown factor. He can change his mind two minutes from now. He can be influenced by his new people that he's put around him, and then he would turn around and say, oh, gee, wait a minute, I don't want to—I'm changing my mind on this. It wasn't enough of an agreement. But he did get something. He got Kim Jong-un to say he's going to give back the soldiers' remains. As you pointed out when we were discussing this privately, that doesn't affect the political situation for North Korea. Yes, but Kim has to deal with his generals.  That's so interesting because really, if you make the comparison, it seems like Kim Jong-un has to do more to satisfy his generals and whoever is advising him and controlling him than Trump does. Trump can operate with the back of his hand. He can. And he has. And it happened. Trump right now has done things that a normal, intelligent Congress would have already put a stop to. But the Republican Party is now under the control of the extreme right-wingers, and they want to support these things that are being done. And they have shown their hand because they undermined President Obama in every case, and they are promoting their own agenda. When Trump tries to go against them as in threatening to fire sessions, they stand up and say, no, I don't think you're going to do that. And have you noticed that every time Trump says it, eventually it gets dropped? Because I think that's where they put their foot down. But that doesn't stop Mr. Sessions from doing things to immigrants and potential refugees that border as much on abuse and criminalization and go against the laws of the United States in our regards to refugees than has ever been done before.  That is definitely a dampened down fire. And there's nothing new here. The only difference is Mr. Sessions had been a part of the Senate for a long time, and the Senate tends to support its own, even when they disagree with them. But Mr. Sessions did know enough law to recuse himself from an investigation where he would have been violating the law if he hadn't. Trump was furious and tried to get him fired. Well, I'll go a step further. He lied to the congressional committee, the Senate committee, that ultimately confirmed him. The confirmation was based on a lie. Absolutely. So a recusal doesn't satisfy me at all. I would reverse the whole thing. Well, that's true. He should not have been confirmed. He should not have been confirmed. But we're dealing with the reality of what the current political situation is. And what I'm saying is to get back to Korea. Let's just remember that it must sound like I'm being a champion of Kim. I'm not. I'm simply seeing the reality of his situation and recognizing that we cannot judge his situation based on what we think it should be or what the country should have done. You have to see it for what it is. He cannot simply overturn all of his support network by agreeing to everything the United States wants. He's going to have to negotiate. His negotiation is more precarious because they can overthrow him. He does not have direct control over the military unless the people who have control over the military want him to have that control. He may have more risk than Trump does. He has, actually, because Donald Trump has been threatening to pardon himself if he's found guilty of a crime. And right now, there's nothing in our Constitution that specifically prohibits that. The Founders must be turning yet again in their graves. Do you remember, excuse me, when Nixon was actually indicated that he did commit a crime even though he did withdraw himself from office, Gerald Ford pardoned him. He didn't pardon himself, but I'm very sure that one of the deals that he made before he resigned from office was that the next president, who was going to be his vice president, would officially pardon him from any crime. And then he goes into retirement. It's never been done that a president has pardoned himself, and the issue has never even come up before Congress. And for Trump to even suggest that, gives me an Excedrin number nine headache. And when I get an Excedrin number nine headache, I take a break. That's what we're going to do now. Okay, we'll take a break. Never mind. We'll be right back. I'm Dave Stevens, host of the Cyber Underground. This is where we discuss everything that relates to computers that just kind of scare you out of your mind. So come join us every week here on thinktecawai.com, 1 p.m. on Friday afternoons. And then you can go see all our episodes on YouTube. Just look up the Cyber Underground on YouTube. All our shows will show up. And please follow us. We're always giving you current, relevant information to protect you. Keepin' you safe. Aloha. I am Howard Wigg. I am the proud host of Cold Green for Thinktecawai. I appear every other Monday at three. And I have really, really exciting guests on the exciting topic of energy efficiency. Hope to see you there. We're back with Martha Randolph, and we're talking about North Korea. Martha made some pretty good predictions on Monday before the meeting between Trump and Kim. And I'm going to ask her to make predictions now. This is much more difficult now, because in a funny way, it's a carte blanca right now. That's what that agreement is. It's an agreement to agree. It doesn't have hard terms. Nobody knows what those two guys are going to do. And I think you laid a pretty good foundation for the fact that Kim Jong-un is under pressures. We may not fully understand, but Trump is not under pressures, and he is getting a lot of inappropriate support from the Republican Party. This is true.  However, one of the reasons those presidents haven't succeeded is because they kept holding on to a long-term party line. By party, I mean the United States' attitude, not just Republican or Democrat. Which basically said, North Korea is a vicious and sane enemy. And unless they do certain things for us first, we are not going to do anything that changes for them. Well, I think the smart thing for North Korea to do is follow through on the one thing that was actually spelled out, which had to do with the return of the remains and identities of American soldiers. It doesn't hurt them. It doesn't hurt them. It makes them work good. It's like a gesture that he did a couple of times. He freed those American prisoners, remember, and did that before we even had a conflict. And he destroyed one of his nuclear facilities, too. That's true. Just a few days ago. That's true. And when you have multiples, you can destroy one or two. Just as we found out when Gorbachev told Ronald Reagan, I'm going to destroy several thousand missiles that are old and obsolete anyway. What are you going to do? And that was America had to compensate, had to respond in some way. So getting rid of your garbage and making it a great political gesture is not a bad idea. So okay, I think it's a really good prediction because it's rational. But I don't know what Donald Trump will do. Donald Trump is the true unknown here. He can go in any direction according to who had his ear last. And if he thinks for a minute that he is being played or someone convinces him that he is, he could turn around and say, well, we're not going to do anything until we see some action. But if Kim is smart, if he plays this smart, he will give what he can that is a good gesture. He could follow up. I got to tell you, Mr. Trump, if you're listening, work on freeing the Japanese prisoners and the South Korean prisoners because he can let them go unless they are actual spies. He can let them go and get a lot of big points with America and those countries to show he has good faith. So work on that one. And again, sanctions. Well, right now, China is giving Korea and North Korea a lot of trouble. So I am very sure that Kim Jong-yong would rather work back his dependency on China and their influence on his country and his decisions by building up something with the United States. I think you really put your finger on something. China wants to see America embarrassed. It always does. Russia wants to see America embarrassed. So if Kim Jong-un does reasonable things, right things, good things, things, iconic things that show his good faith. And do not put his country in a precarious position. Then he looks good. And China is happy. Russia is happy. And Trump looks like a hero, which he wants. So the question really is very hard to predict what Trump will do because we never can predict what Trump will do. But I would like to ask you this question. Who is going to break it first? Who's going to break the sense of agreement? Who's going to go shouting at the other one first? I think that the question simply becomes whether Trump is going to listen to any of his people and if the stupid things that happened the first time that caused the first summit to be canceled might happen again. Is his vice president going to say something? Is his new secretary of security going to say something that sounds threatening to North Korea? Because then their response, and I don't think this is Kim at all. I think it's the pattern of people he has in charge, will immediately respond with verbal aggression. And then Trump will respond with verbal aggression to that verbal aggression.  Who will be making the aggressive statements first? That I cannot predict. I can. Okay. Trump. That's what I think. I think Kim Jong-un is smart enough to know that if he plays the good guy role, Trump will ultimately break the deal and he will have the high road. He's looking for the high road. He should be looking for the high road. Trump will ultimately do what Trump always does, take the low road. Well, he will certainly, if he's encouraged to do that, buy his staff. And that's my concern. Because a lot of people will hammer at him that you didn't really get anything. And he will say, well, we're not going to change any of our policies until we get something substantial. Meantime, he did send his secretary of state over, and they are talking. So it could be that the smartest thing he could do is get himself out of the picture and let some people with some knowledge sit down and work things out. But I tell you what I do believe. I do believe that Kim Jong-un is sincere in wanting to build up some kind of better relationship with the United States. I think he could only have done it under these circumstances when the government is being run by someone who's willing to throw away these standards that had existed before. And what I'd like to think happens is that enough will have been accomplished that by the time we get another president and maybe a whole new Congress, rather than backtracking and becoming absolutist about, oh, no, we can't trust you, they will pick up on this forward motion and then start to make it closer to a reality. That things will ultimately be normalized now when it normalizes relations. Exactly, exactly. In some ways, it takes someone coming from left field to start breaking down an antiquated and poorly thought out policy based on Cold War politics from 50 years ago or more. And I'm sorry, but we've been running those too long. So I agree with you that if the bad stuff happens, it will happen on our side first, but if he is smart and I don't know how much control he has, then Kim will stay calm. He will become the calm person and he will be the pacifist and he will be cool and he'll let the Americans make fools of themselves. He's in a perfect position to do that. And then he has options. Then he can say, well, you know, all that good guy stuff I was doing, I can't do that anymore. You know, you're the bad guy. So back to the drawing boards with our nuclear weapons, let's get it going again. We have to protect ourselves from the likes of you. If, I mean, we don't actually know the facts. We have a lot of experts who say we know how many weapons they have. We know how much nuclear material they have. And as I said, if you have old stuff that's not working anyway.  What is it costing you? Actually nothing.  Let me factor one other thing in there.  And you've got Europe, which is sanging in the balance after a really bad G7 meeting. And so his global reputation, influence and all that is at a tipping point. So I suggest to you that he's not going to mess it up until after the elections. Well, unfortunately, even Trump's people will tell you they don't know what he's going to do. That has always been the problem. I don't think Trump cares at all what his relationship is to Europe or his allies or he wouldn't have done the things he's done. I don't think he's as good a businessman as he thinks because some of the choices he's making may sound good economically, but the real economists will tell you why that doesn't work out. I have heard people in America with corporations who are dependent on parts coming from another country where they will now not be able to afford those parts because of these new situations. I learned a long time ago that economics, internationally, is a far more complicated thing than it seems to be. And you need experts, and that's why you have them. Trump does not care right now about the Republican elections because he still really believes that he could kill someone in the White House and his supporters would continue to support him. The question becomes, this may be true, the question becomes, are there enough responsible Republicans to be so offended by what has gone on that they refuse to vote for the people who are Trump supporters, and are there enough responsible Democrats who stayed home at the last election or voted for some obscure person because they believed the stories about Hillary Clinton? Are they going to get up off their butts and get down to the polls? Because right now the Republicans have cleansed the polls of a lot of people that usually vote Democratic, but we still have a Democratic majority, Democratic Party majority in this country. Your job is to get out and vote and make a logical, sensible vote. Not an idealistic one because your goal is to undermine the right-wing Republican Party and Donald Trump. It is not to get the ideal candidate. You have got to focus. Let me throw one more factor in. We haven't talked about it in the show, but I think it's a factor which will affect his distraction, you know, conduct going forward because he always tries to distract from unpleasant things and failures. So we haven't heard from Mr. Mueller. You know, that investigation hasn't gone anywhere. I hear it's wrapping up. I've heard it's beginning to wrap up. If he wraps up now and before that 120 days, that could have a huge effect on things and Trump will have to respond and distract. And distraction may include getting into a fight with North Korea, you know, scapegoat kind of thing. The other thing is that he's got all these, you mentioned, this is what reminded me of it, all these business problems. There's a suit, maybe two suits now, by the state of New York against him. Against his charity, yeah. Charitable trust that he used it appropriately for political purposes. He, you know, he's got the Stormy Daniels thing on him. He's got a bunch of problems. Business problems, call it, but they're also personal, you know. They're legal problems, actually. Public relations problems, yeah. Legal problems and they may come together in the next 120 days. This is true. I don't think, however, he would... I do agree that the whole Korean thing has been part of a distraction and a publicity stunt. He's done this before. And I do think he would try to find some other way of distracting. I don't think he would undermine this because this is the first thing he's done that he could actually hold a banner up and say, all these years, you haven't been able to accomplish anything and I am accomplishing something in this area. So for him to undermine it completely would have to rely on his being able to turn Kim into the bad guy. And as I said, Kim and his people are very smart. They've done their research. They came prepared and he has been very careful in his dealings with Trump. And I don't think he's going to give Trump the excuse that Trump needs to create that kind of distraction. But there are lots of other places he can be distracting. He can go back into the immigrant situation. He can go back into the refugees. America is separating families at the border. And this is children taken away from their parents. This is horrific. And I'm sorry, but this man is using his power and he's being backed by a Republican Party to create in America the kind of governments we all keep talking about, the fact that we don't support them. They are being put there. There's no due process. There is nothing legal or official about this. They haven't been shot yet, but that's all right. They reserve killing African Americans by the police as the people whose rights are being over mined by hostile and military action by lawmakers and law givers in this country. We're out of time, Martha. Thank you for coming back for more of this. And I would like to do it again and again. I'd like to hear you out on all these things as they go forward. As they go forward. Just named a number of threads. And I'd like to hear your thoughts about it. Let's see what he does next. And let's meet again when we know if our predictions were accurate. And let's find out how Martha Randolph really- If my predictions are really good, I would like to initiate some betting things here because I could use some extra cash. So if this works, ladies and gentlemen, let's create something that generates the funds necessary to help people who are in need. I think that'd be a great idea. Martha Randolph. Okay. Form citizen. Thank you so much. There we go. Bye-bye.


committee is the జజੁ੃ੋ੄ੁੈੁੇ੎੿੄ੁ੆ੈੂ੊ੋ੆ੈੇ੊੔ੋੋ੄੆੊ੋੋ੄੎ੀ੆ੋ੄੝੊੍੍ੀ੆ੇੇੇੇੋੇ੉ੇੇੋ੝ੇ੎ੀੀੋੇੈ੎੍ੇ੄ੈੇ੉ੇੀੁੀੀੇ� 04  spacious ʻʻazичi ʻnʻoʔul ʻ नहीं केपीश्टी श्वारवाएक कत्गाचा रभाएग, ड़ईक उत्सेगिरेएग मेंगार परड़ा, । औरा चिस इस्प्रज़ास् केपीशीच प्रभाइगेफ़् तुद्या के प्रप्ता सभजीच नदर वागेवागेंग रदा कुत्दो चुछनेदा जण। ૒ુ૒ૂ ૒૎્્ૉ્.. ૔્ોુ્ેૈ્ુ્.. ૝ુૂ ૴૎્્ેે, ૪૏્્૒ોે૏્્ે ૛્્્્્્્્્્્૓્્્્્્્્, It is also a very emotional visit, that my brother and I are making to Vainad. Yesterday, I was packing up his furniture from his house, until we find a new place for him. I was looking at the storeroom, putting all the cardboard boxes, one on top of the other. And I was thinking to myself, that a few years ago I also had to move my home. I had my children to help me. My husband helped me. I have a family of my own, and I was thinking my brother doesn't have his own children, his own wife and family to help him, even though he has the rest of us. I went to his room. Only the two sofas were left. He was sitting there alone. I said to him, tomorrow we are going to Vainad. I said, I am not very good at speaking in English, making speeches. So I looked at him. He answered me, don't worry.  My brother's family. I don't know if you remember, but one of the first times I came here during the 2019 election, I gave a speech in which I told you a lot of things about my brother which I thought people did not know. I don't know if you remember, but one of the first times I came here during the 2019 election, I told you a lot of things about my brother which I thought people did not know. But today, almost four years later, I know that you know Rahul. You know that he is an honest man, unafraid to speak the truth. You know that he is by the power of those who want to silence him.  You know that he has worked hard for you. He has raised your issues, tried to resolve your problems.   You know that he is by the power of those who want to silence him. You elected him, caught in Gujarat, has passed a judgement after which from parliament as your MP. His future as your MP is in the hands of the courts. For me, it is a strange thing to know this, to know that you elected him and that for the time being he has been disqualified from even fighting another election for eight years. To ask questions, to demand accountability, to raise issues is the job of a parliamentarian. To ask questions, to demand accountability, to raise issues is the job of a parliamentarian. We are free to debate, we are free to dissent. To find it even stranger that a whole government, every minister, every MP, even the prime minister himself finds it acceptable and appropriate to malign and mercilessly attack one man just because he asked a question they could not respond to. But then my brothers and sisters, the truth is always uncomfortable. Especially for those who lie, for those who unleash an industrial scale of propaganda against anyone who dares to question them. Our nation was built on the foundation of truth, of non-violence, equality and justice. Our fight for freedom was called sathya graha, it was a fight for truth. The parliament, the judiciary, the media, these were institutions built to protect these freedoms. Yesterday while watching television, I heard some ministers of the BJP saying that the Congress party has taken one man's issue and is making it out of, to be an issue of democracy. It seems to me to be exactly the opposite. The entire government and the BJP are trying to turn our democracy upside down just to protect one man. His name is Gautam Adani. Our country is at a crossroads. What has happened to my brother is just a symptom. It is a symptom of how far we are down the path towards a dictatorship today. Today the government believes that it can silence any dissent. It believes it can take our ports, our airports, even some of our defence establishments and pass them on to their businessmen friends. The whole government defends a man. The whole government defends a man whom they have enabled to make thousands of crores a day, but they don't defend farmers who make only 27 rupees a day. Our soldiers stand at the borders ready to sacrifice their lives while Mr. Adani succumbed to the situation. Our soldiers stand at the borders ready to sacrifice their lives while Mr. Adani subcontracts to Chinese businesses. Our Prime Minister feels responsible to defend Mr. Adani, but he feels no responsibility towards the people of India. This government believes that it owns India, but India belongs to you, my brothers and sisters. Standing here today, I ask you, each one of you and all those watching, put India first now. When the institutions are failing to be checks and balances for the government, it is our job. The people of India's job to become the check and balance for this government. And you're tired of watching the Prime Minister change costumes every day and having no change in your own lives, having no future to think of. There are jobs required. The government is doing nothing about it. Prices are soaring. Every day is a difficulty, a new struggle and yet there is no accountability. We will not stop asking questions. We will question them, we will ask for accountability, we will keep speaking the truth no matter what they do to us. You in Vainad are showing the country the way. They are trying to silence my brother. You have become his voice. They disqualify him from parliament and you come here in huge numbers to receive him and show him your support. They ask him to leave his home and thousands of you open your houses and urge him to take them to stay in your own homes. I am deeply grateful to you for your support because you have understood that this is not the issue of one man. This is the issue here is the kind of country we want for our children. It is about building a strong and brave country for our children. It is about building a country in which everybody is free to express their love and support. This dissent to ask for accountability and a true democracy is established again. It is about asking questions for accountability and a true democracy is established again. It is about building a country in which everybody is free to express their love and support. Jai Hind Jai Hind Jai Hind With much love and effort, now I invite our Honorable Leader Ravulji Dharan ji, MM Hassan ji, NK Premachandran ji, Padmasri Charuvayal Raman ji, Kalpatanarayanan Master ji, Ketaparam Damodran Nambudri ji, Joy Matthew P. Surindran ji, brothers and sisters, friends, I would like to welcome all of you to this meeting here today. I would like to wish all of you belated Easter and for the coming Vishu and Perunal festivals. Four years ago, I came here and became your member of parliament. And for me the campaign was a completely different type of campaign. In the regular campaign and I have done many, many campaigns, many speeches, in the regular campaign you go and you speak about policies, you speak about what should happen, you tell people about your political ideas. But this campaign in 2014, I remember when I came here, it was much more as if I had come home to my family. Of course, I don't belong to Kerala but the enthusiasm and the affection and the manner in which you embraced me gave me the feeling that you are part of my family, that I am your brother, your son. And I have thought quite a lot, now I have been member of parliament for quite a few years and I have thought quite a lot what it means to be a member of parliament. I am proud to be a member of parliament. I have been able to understand the experience of being a member of parliament. I have to know the importance of being a member of parliament. To be a representative of people, you have to understand the emotions of people. You have to understand the suffering of people. You have to understand the difficulties of people. You have to have the humility to touch people, to treat people as your equals. Sometimes to treat people as your superiors. So a true representative of the people develops by attacking himself. By giving up things that one desires, by not fighting for what you want but fighting for what people want. By becoming, maybe one can say less arrogant and more humble. A representative of the people also raises the issues of people without being scared of the consequences, without being worried about what it means to raise the issues of the people. The MP member of parliament is just a tag. It is a position, it is a post. So the BJP can take away the tag. They can take away the position, they can take away the house, they can put me in jail. But they cannot stop me from representing the people of Vainat. What does it mean to represent the people of Vainat? It means to fight for the things that are important to you. There are practical things like the night road, the buffer zone, the medical college. These are obvious things. You can ask any child in Vainat, you can ask any person in Vainat. They will tell you the three most important things. But then there is also another thing that is important to the people of Vainat. And that is the type of country and the type of state they live in. The people of Vainat and the people of India want to live in a country which is free. They want to live in a country where their child is allowed to learn and understand anything he chooses. They want to live in a country where their child is allowed to learn and understand anything he chooses. And no one in this country wants to live in a country where four or five people own the entire country. And that is what it means to be a representative of the people of Vainat and a representative of the people of India. I have been fighting now the BJP for quite some years. And it surprises me that in so many years they have been unable to understand their opponent. They do not understand that their opponent will not get intimidated. It surprises me that they cannot see this. They think that by sending police to my house I will get scared. They think by taking away my house I will get disturbed. My sister did not tell you but I was actually happy that they took away my house. It is not interesting for me to live in that house. How many people in Vainat lost their house? I saw hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of families lose their house in Vainat. When the floods came here, the first thing I saw in Vainat was how you responded to the floods. And I learnt from you, take my house, take it 50 times, I do not care. I will continue to raise the issues of the people of Vainat and the people of India. You the BJP divide people. You make people fight. You threaten people. You abuse as much as you want. I will keep uniting people. I will keep uniting people. I will keep respecting every single community and religion. You be as nasty as you want as evil as you want. I will continue to be as kind as I can, even to you. Because this is a fight of two visions of India. You represent one vision of India. And we represent another vision of India. And we are not scared of your intimidation, aggression or nastiness. In fact, we find it quite amusing. And I will continue to represent the people of Vayanan.  I will make sure that these things happen in Vayanan. I will make sure that all the medical colleges in Vayanan will be aware of the situation. Don't think that just because I am not your MP and they have disqualified me, my relationship with you is going to change. Don't think that because you have lost my position, you have made me an IOC, and I am not saying for 2-3 years, my entire life, my relationship is not going to change with you now. Let them take away whatever they want, let them put me in jail, I don't care. My relationship with the people of Vayanan is going to stay the same. After all, what did I do? What did I do? I went to parliament and I asked the Prime Minister some questions about a businessman. I just asked him, Mr. Narendra Modi, please explain your relationship with Mr. Adhani. I kept asking that simple question. In my speech in parliament, I used media reports to show that Mr. Adhani who was number 609th on the list of wealthiest people in the world, became number 2. And I gave examples of how the Prime Minister himself had facilitated this growth. I showed examples of how the Indian Prime Minister had facilitated this growth. I showed how the military, the defence relationship between Israel and India was completely transformed to help Mr. Adhani. I showed how the rules of Indian airports were changed to help Mr. Adhani. I showed how foreign policy was used to help Mr. Adhani. And I asked a simple question, what is your relationship with this man? Prime Minister has not answered that question. And for the first time you saw that the government itself is not letting parliament run. Ministers of the BJP lied about me in the house. The rule in parliament is that if anybody says anything about a parliament member, that parliament member has the right to reply. I went to the speaker with the rule and I said, Speaker sir, they have lied about me under this rule. I should be allowed to speak. I went to the speaker and said, Under this rule I should be allowed to speak. I went to the speaker and said, I should be allowed to speak. I wrote him two letters. I went to his office and said, Speaker sir, why are you doing this? He said, I have no choice. He said, I have no other choice. You come and drink some tea with me and then I will explain it to you. He said, Mr. Hanai and I will have a cup of tea with me. So the entire parliament house was shut. I was not allowed to reply and then at the end of it, because the government is very uncomfortable about the type of questions that I ask, about the issues that I raise and remove from parliament, doesn't matter. This is the biggest gift that they could have given me. I don't have the opportunity to talk again in the parliament. They even asked me to speak. But I desire to speak and tell to them that this is the biggest chance. Because, I have to tell you, how do I know that what I am doing is correct? I know that if the BJP is taking away my house, is disqualifying me from parliament, is attacking me 24 hours, I know that I am doing the right thing. In the end, I would like to repeat, my disqualification does not mean anything as far as my relationship with you is concerned. I would like to repeat, my disqualification does not mean anything as far as my relationship with you is concerned. I promise you, this disqualification will only deepen my relationship with you, because my relationship with you is one of a family, is one of a brother, is one of a son and that is not going to change. I would also like to thank all the leaders from the congress party, from the UDF, all our workers for the immense support, love and affection that you have given me. You know as far as the people of Vainata are concerned, it does not matter which political formation you are part of, whether you are UDF or you are LDF, I know that you have a relationship with me, a relationship of affection, a loving relationship and that is what I intend to deepen. I would like to thank all the leaders from the congress party, from the UDF, all our workers for the immense support, love and affection that you have given me. I would like to thank all the leaders from the congress party, from the UDF, all our workers for the immense support, love and affection that you have given me.


So again as we stand up this TICOM on October 1st, we want to just get the message out to the fleet on what we're going to be able to provide for them, those different areas that we'll be able to provide. You touched on a little bit with parallel to the other TICOMs for surface, but our service, our war fighting area is across all of those different fields. So we wanted to tie in how sailors interact with our community specifically and how the TICOM will be able to help them. Sure. That's a good point and it's a good question. A lot of folks think, okay, we're standing up information dominance force for the sake of the cyber people, if you will. Actually, that's kind of true. That's partially true. We are aligning the information dominance force so it looks kind of speaks and is shaped like other type commanders. So if you're in the submarine force and you have equipment on board and you're saying, is this cyber safe, if you will? In other words, is it no viruses? How do I get it certified? How do I train on this? Who do I talk to? I don't have enough ITs on my submarine. Who do you call? Well, you would call the type commander. If it was a surface issue, you would call surf force. So it's aligning the rest of the Navy and having them understand this information dominance core is not all that different. It actually has networks instead of platforms. It deals in information instead of maybe bullets, but it's still a part of warfare. And as I can be saying over and over and over again, if you control the information, you're going to control the outcome. So really the bottom line is, Cleo, it's for the other type commanders to align ourselves up and understand the readiness of the IDC core like we understand the readiness of the other forces and platforms.


I am Selva Kanapathy, I work at Cisco Systems, a video technologies group. I am also an Invited Expert at W3C Worldwide Webcom Consortium. So, water. Water is a shapeless, it flows everywhere, whichever medium it takes, it takes the shape. So, it flows limitless, it's boundless, a veil, an organism in the water, it requires lot of it to live. Same case for the camera, but it requires very less. The difference is conception. Internet is like water. It can flow everywhere. Right now, it flows in my laptop, mobile, watches soon, glasses, shoes, future. So, water, Internet is more like water. Can you relate the bit over here? Can you see, even if you see the bit? Yeah, it's a huge data-angry device. Streaming 180p data in your TV. It's huge, it requires a lot of data, a lot of Internet connectivity. And how about this? Your car, your navigation system, which requires only a few kbs to embays. We use a lot of devices, day by day, ranks, chains. They're just metals. Consider if these become smart of the life of people. This session is more of a reimagination. Nothing else. Let's reimagine. Everyone has a fridge at home. Okay? So, consider, you are throwing a birthday party the next week and you are in Italy with your friends. As a busy people, we tend to forget to fill up your grocery stuff. If the fridge is connected to Internet, it's smart enough to tell you, dude, you need to buy the groceries for the stuff. It will be helpful. Many of you go for gym in most of the times, gym, in the gym. Tams due to some busy schedules, we miss it. Fridge, it's calculates your presence on the gym and your absence and tells you what food you need to eat to maintain a good health. Interesting, right? Smart TVs. Do you think TVs right now are really smart? No. It is not. Connecting an Internet, streaming the data doesn't make it smart. The real thing comes. Constantly, I'm watching a TV and someone ringing my door bell. I need to cut it off over there and check it out. Some guy is asking for address. Let's say in the futuristic world, we have a recorder over there and someone rings. The TV comes and tells, dude, someone is there. Want to talk to him? You can put it on your remote and ask what you want. It's a seamless user experience. Let's say in a different way also. You like a movie in Facebook and it's showing on HBO. You really don't know about something. So all of a sudden, a pop-up or a subtle notification says, hey man, Iron Man is going on this channel. Want to watch? That's your preference. The TV adapts your life strength. Everyone is talking about the covers. Let's have a look at the covers. We have a, like, I love Superman and the movie was going on that. And I'm using a mobile device as a remote control. This is going to hit the market in under two, three years, iPhones.  Remote control, the iPad, it shows this particular shirt has been available in eBay. Want to buy for this? And the event which is happening on the TV, there's some event is happening over there. You want to go e-commerce. That could be possible. The smart connected devices, smart roads. Roads become too smart to tell you what is the road condition next after the five kilometers. Banu guys would have obviously known the new road may have occurred. You have no clue where it is. But the road tells you a vehicle. That's a photo there. Make your corrections right. Consider, most of the accidents happens in America. It's basically because of the vehicles who have a problem and they stuck into it. The smart lights at the night tells the vehicle, the, around the star vehicle and shows, like, there's an indicator. Okay. You have seen in many roads, a lot of rides will be burning all the day. But if the road is really smart, depending upon the car location and the sensors, it turns on and off the light. How much energy you can see? Connected devices. I don't say it's a connected device, although we have, like, few pollution control cars available which is rightful to drive in California, but it is not for full-time usage. I would say it's a big curve with hyper knowledge, you could say that. You have a mobile device. Everyone will be having a mobile device for sure, a smart device. You take it in your car, plug it in. Your car can, that particular car converts into your own digital experience. Consider, you are at a party and I want to go home. It tells me the correct route with less traffic. And your car is being connected to the cloud-based systems that says when your car needs to be serviced, when you need to change the oil. Consider, many of the time I forgot to refill my fuel in my car. That scenario, it says, where's the nearest petrol bank? I need to refill it. It's what it is. Particularly, in bamboo, it is quite common. A few areas have more pollution compared to any other place. Censors hidden out there will tell the government, these places, these things have pollution more. For a particular instance, the zinc content is more. The carbon content is more. It means the industry emitting the carbon ratio is more. It gives the government a clear idea what to take decision. Bamboo at any other place in India is quite known for people jumping signals. Detecting your car has a smart device and a signal has a smart connector. When someone does a violation, they will be immediately caught. So, there is no rule for violation. This, about like a 40 percentage of accidents in bamboo because of truck and drive. Consider this, imagine the scenario with me guys.  How much liquid you take, it detects it and provided every person is wearing a band, smart band. So, the amount of alcohol consumption, the amount of alcohol in the glass is detected in your hand band. Whenever you tend to drive the car above the alcohol level, it will not allow you to open the car. Instead, it will call the call driver. I can tell you a special scenario like this. A similar scenario with which Singapore have already implemented. You do it in a different way. You rinse. Every person entering the bar should wear a smart band. And the urinals detect your alcoholic content. How much alcohol intake you take. If your alcoholic intake is more, the person at the valid will never give you a drink. Just in case. Directed missions. Same case. If you want to wash your clothes, if you are away from that, do that. This itself is a huge topic to be frank. This is the bad idea brought out by Samsung and Apple. To be frank, a lot of good wearable things are in place. We have a lot of female distress happening in India. A female is going out and she wears a hood, dressed with a hood. You have to kind of find out the distress of the hood. That passes the information to the nearest police station with your person who needs to be sent information. That makes a difference. Helmets. We have no freaking clue what is coming in my back. Have a helmet display which displays what is happening in your behind and what is going in the front. And detects your front vehicle with a red symbol if you are going too close to him. If you want to have an impact, raise it up. And you have a Google maps inside it. And you can listen to your songs, talk to the person in finite possibilities. I have a ring. This is useless. Any human being would love to do a natural interaction. Instead of me talking, I read it out there. It is not going to make any sense. This is not a presentation. Natural interface makes things more connected. If I want to change the channel, I have a ring in my hand. Change channel. Natural gestures. There is already an implemented project out there. Shoes. It is not necessary. Everything should be visual. It could be different also. Shoes turns your way. Consider I have mobile app and it is kind of to my smart shoe. And I want to say like I want to go to a particular place. The moment when I want to take my left shoe vibrates. The moment I want to take right, my right shoe vibrates. I want to go straight, both shoes vibrates. About that, you don't really need anything. No visual interface at all. Visual becomes secondary with the wearables. And of course you guys would have known about your heartbeat sensor, blah, blah, blah. Those things are already there in the place, but they are not the mainstream. These are the mainstream which is going to pop in. ID cards. And people working with big organization or small organization, they will be having a problem with appraisal.  For example, the time you check in your office, the work you do, everything will be calculated and put on your smart card. Your employee card. It's not done manually. Consider I am a developer. I do a lot of checking on my code or create a mock-up or do something like that. How much level I put it in my common repository, the great points will be increased in my system. The final end of the day on appraisal, it's not your manager going to do that.  At what time of information, I mean the staying office, how much you have completed the work, how much it created a business impact. It is not only the completion, how much business impact you have brought into the organization. So this is an interesting thing. Android, it's something called Bluetooth 4.1 which is the latest one which comes in the plays in the next couple of years. What it basically does is like, it's basically cloud connected technology. Bluetooth we use to connect with mobile phones and something like music players. That's all. But what happens is with this expanding of this technology, you are able to connect to the cloud and you can transfer data into it. Starting from your smart shoes, your ring, any wearables will be having Bluetooth 4.1 in the next couple of years. If all these devices becomes your part of your life, think about it. Your life becomes so easy. You don't need to worry about it. You become stressed. But wait, let's come to the reality. What's the reality out there? These are the few things which are reality right now, smart bulbs. So smart bulbs, what they do, depending upon the room, can change the color using a mobile app. Okay, that's cool. What is so interesting about it? This room, obviously most of them will be like visual designers. Can you able to get the information clearly? Is it looks good or it could be better? I believe light is distracting little bit. If it is a smart light, it will detect the presentation happens and that's the primary scenario and it adjusts according to that. It is still available, smart box. I'm at office, all of a sudden my dad says I'm at home and he's with me. You have to either wait for me or you have to come to my office. But still, I have this lock at my home. I can open it from my office and let my dad. Thermostat. Thermostat doesn't make much of a sense in India though, like apart from air conditioning systems, but in US and other countries, it makes a difference. Setting your room temperature before you come up, it works out. This is one of called Nest, which is recently acquired by Google. Just it doesn't have any interface. It's just a piece of glass material which just controls it. Fitness wearables. You would have obviously known this and I don't really need to talk on that. Last but not the least, how can you forget this? Google Glass, which is the next step towards the wearables. You can watch movies, talk to a Skype friend, get directions, check in, even people do like this. I want to end this presentation. It's sweet and simple. The best way to predict future is to create it. Just imagine. Imagine to create this. And imagination, technology shouldn't be a problem for imagination. Thank you.


What's up guys? Welcome back to Asperger's Growth and today we're talking about sensory overloads. I'm going to be talking to you about what a sensory overload is and how it links in with autism. I'm also going to show you why sensory overloads can be a large part in how a young autistic person may behave and even someone with Asperger's who is an adult may behave as well. Then I'm going to give you my personal experiences with sensory overloads and autism and lastly talk about ways that we as a society and maybe you as a friend can help someone who has Asperger's and maybe suffering from a lot of sensory overload in their daily life. Before the video I would just want to ask you guys to remember to click the like button if you like the video and make sure to subscribe and click the little notification bell in the corner and that will basically let you know when my videos come out and kind of give you a notification of when you can watch them because they don't come out often so you want to be able to get into that juicy content. So without further ado, let's go to the video. So according to Wikipedia Sensory overload occurs when one or more of the body sensors experiences over stimulation from the environment. There are many environmental elements that can impact an individual. Examples of these elements may be urbanization, crowding, noise, mass media or technology. So sensory overload isn't something that is completely intertwined with a autism diagnosis and some people may get sensory overloads without having an autistic diagnosis. However, it's very common that someone on the autistic spectrum may be experiencing sensory overload in some way or another. One of the qualities that distinguishes a autistic disorder is not being able to tune out background noise. So if you imagine sitting across from your friends, they're chatting about something boring and you're finding it really hard to concentrate on them. You may find yourself listening to some of the background noise. You might be able to hear people chatting in the background. You might be able to hear the kind of wearing sounds of machinery that's going on that maybe you may not have been attuned to if you weren't getting so bored about the conversation. Well people with autism, I find it very hard to focus on a specific amount of stimuli. This can mean that the stimuli that they're trying to concentrate on, which may be someone talking to them, may not be as distinguished from the amount of background noise. Obviously not being able to tune out the environment is very distracting and it can lead to a lot of lack of social ability when you're talking to someone with autism, especially when they're in a public place. The background noise can be very distracting for someone with autism. Especially during social conversations where their skills might not be up to scratch, it may make it even harder for them to communicate properly. Sensory overload and anxiety come hand-in-hand. And the thing is is that we're not able to tune out the environmental noises around us. So even if we we don't want to, we're still getting bombarded with different sensations, different sounds, different noises, different sights, everything like that can impact. And it also very much heavily depends on the person. So for example, some people may have difficulty with a lot of bright lights, a lot of different colorful lights. They also may have difficulty with small little background noises, or maybe it just might be a sharp noise that's very irritating. All of these things can really ramp up the anxiety that a person experiences and they can usually lead to what is called a meltdown. Now having a sensory overload isn't directly correlated with someone having a meltdown. Sensory overload can have a large impact on social skills, executive functioning and, very importantly, anxiety. Now it is true that people with autism or aspergers do have a higher tendency to have a higher level of anxiety than the general population. Now whether this is genetic because of the ways that our brain is wired, or whether the environment just tends to be a lot more stressful for us, it is something that is to be considered. Now sensory overload isn't something that you can learn to get over, or it doesn't go away as you get older. However, people with autism will tend to develop more healthy and better ways of coping with the sensory overload. Being bombarded with a lot of sensory information that may lead to sensory overload can either lead to one of four things. One, the person removing themselves from the situation. So if they're in a busy place, they may want to go somewhere more quiet, or they may want to put on some noise-canceling headphones to reduce the background noise. Two, they'll have a meltdown or a panic attack, which is where the body shuts down and the sensory information is too much for them and they may start hyperventilating and having a very traumatic experience. I personally have a lot of experiences with having panic attacks, and as well as the exhausting physical effects of it, it's also very bad socially because you can lose a lot of motivation having one of these in public or in front of someone that you care about or a friend of. Number three, anger outbursts. Now this is more common with kids. You may see a lot of correlation between physical and verbal abuse in people with aspergis or autism, but this usually comes about from an overload of some kind and their mind thinking that having those anger outbursts being a way of coping with the anxiety and the stress that they're under. So you can see that there isn't understanding behind the reason that autistic kids tend to have these outbursts, especially in school. But to people who aren't properly educated into autism and the reasons why they're doing these kind of things, it can be very confusing for them and it can also impact badly on the child who has autism. Number four, shutdowns. Now shutdown might sound a bit over dramatic. It can vary from person to person, but it generally occurs when there's too much sensory stimulation. So the person decides to go into their own little bubble, into their own little world and do something that they enjoy and relaxes them. During these times of shutdown, they may be very unaware of different environmental things that are happening or not about them, but they're trying their best to take their mind away from any kind of outward stimulation that is causing their anxiety. I have a lot of experiences with this. I have an iPad with me a lot of the time and I've got some music with me. So when I feel stressed and when I get these social overloads or sensory overloads, I tend to go into my own little bubble and start playing games just to kind of relieve the tension and get myself back to working order again. Now the problem with this is that there are a lot of bad social connotations with playing games in public when you're in a place that you're supposed to be socializing. So with that thing in mind, with the lack of social skills that we innately have, it can make it very difficult for us to be in social situations, especially when there's a big group of people. So if you know someone with aspergous autism and they seem to zone out a lot of the time or seem to be on their iPad a lot of the time, they may be just trying to escape some of the other alternatives that their brain goes to when they're in them states of panic. They don't want to have anger outbursts and hurt anybody and they don't want to have panic attacks because it's very traumatic and also gives people a bad view of them. So for those of you who are still watching, I'm going to share with you some ways or methods that you can help people around you in your society or community, as well as maybe someone that you're more intimate with or friends with, because I really think they would appreciate your input on the situation and definitely take into account someone else's perception of things and trying to make sure that they're okay in situations. It's something that people with autism, especially with friends around age, were not very common for us. So if we have someone who takes into account these things and makes us feel better, you're much more likely to have a better friendship or relationship with them. A lot of the ways of alleviating sensory overload for people with autism is to lower their general anxiety and in social situations, it's usually social anxiety that drives or power anxiety and kind of interplays with the sensory overload. So you can help alleviate the social demand on them by being a lot more easy to read and trying to speak directly and logical rather than using any kind of body language or facial expressions or behind words kind of meaning something else. I can't even speak out. So basically not using these or being very overly expressive with the body language and the facial expressions that you use, it will take a lot of the doubt that the person with autism are having their minds. Well, as being easy to read, you can also do some things in terms of planning in order to make sure that the person is comfortable during group meetings or even individual meetings. And this can be things like letting them sit in the corner in a restaurant. If you've got a busy corner, if you've got a busy corner, if you've got a busy restaurant and there's a lot of people a lot of different noises, a lot of people talking, a lot of noises of chefs doing the cooking, a lot of lights and different aromas and stuff. It can be very overloading for someone with autism. So maybe going to the quiet place in the restaurant or somewhere where they can sit in the corner, it makes it a lot safer and it can alleviate some of the anxiety that you have. Or you can either take it one step further and make sure that the places that you go to meet with them are quiet and there's not as much background noise going on. Remember, it's okay to ask someone with autism or aspergis if the environment is okay for them and if they are okay and they're not feeling anxious. Simply because it makes it a lot nicer for us because we don't get that kind of treatment a lot of the time because not a lot of people understand aspergis or autism. You may not ask them if they're okay from fears of being patronising or undermining their ability to cope. But in reality a lot of us would be very grateful for that kind of friendship. One other thing that you can do if you're a parent or you have friends with aspergis or autism is to let them take breaks from being sociable, let them play a few games on their iPad. And if you have any questions about what I've been talking about today or just anything in general about autism aspergis on mental health make sure to leave a comment down below and I'll try and get back to you as soon as I can. As someone with aspergis I have had a lot of experiences with sensory overload. I get it throughout my daily life as I said before in the public and stuff like that but I've also had it to some kind of weird degrees. One thing that is well known for people with autism is that some of our senses towards certain things are either stronger or weaker compared to the normal person. So this can mean things like the feeling of sand can either feel very very pleasant for us or could make us want to scratch our eyeballs out or something because of how bad the sensory information was. And it can range from anywhere between those and it can range from anything from visual stuff, auditory stuff, touch, you know like physical contact. I love people with autism or aspergis don't like physical contact but we don't really know why it's just something that's given really. And one of my things during high school was that I really didn't like the feel of the sun on my skin. As a result of that I didn't go out in the sun. I used to wear coats all the time because I really hated the feel of the sun on my skin. And as you can probably guess I got bullied for it a lot. You know like vampire boy stuff like that. And it is very horrible for me and the thing is that I couldn't really explain it to other people without really sitting down and talking to them and the fact that they were you know like 14, 13, 15 at the time. And obviously were very compliant when I was trying to explain it to them. Another little quirky thing that I used to do was as a child I used to spin around on the spot on one leg when I got anxious or when I was in social situations. Anything that made me feel a bit anxious where there's too much sensory input, anything like that. And the sensation of spinning was something that I really liked and it was really pleasant for me. It may be quite weird. I know some people like spinny rollercoasters stuff like that. But I used it as a way of coping with my anxiety and that is in some ways a good thing about the differences in sensory stuff that people of autism have because we're able to cope with things in maybe ways that other people may not be able to. So thank you very much for watching and if you like the video make sure to like it. Please, you're a help a lot. And if you want to see more content from me make sure to subscribe, hit the notification bell in the corner so you can get notifications when new videos come out. It doesn't mean that I'll be spamming you of emails. It just means that when you open the YouTube app will be a little red number and my notification will be under that. And it'll just make it easier for you to stay on top of the information that I'm pointing out. So I hope you guys are having a good day or a good evening or a good morning and I'll see you in the next video. Goodbye.


Remember the question that we asked, estimate the time. So let me also share my experience. All the fancy videos that you saw for LEDs, LVDs, those five minutes took me almost two days just to shoot, plan to shoot, and the editing team, based on the amount of animations that were there, it took them anything between two days to two weeks to completely edit the videos. So with all this. That also requires your timing with them. Yeah, so I also need to sit with them while doing the entire thing. And for ensuring quality content, I just have to review the entire process. So I have not put the review part over here. So after my review, it goes to another set of reviewers who actually look into content and check for edits and other things. So this is a process flow that we have in IIT Bombay X, just for a video. So it is like, we can look at the amount of time that we spend on creating videos. Yeah, these are I think two extreme examples. Some of the videos in FDPs are plain face and slides, that is all. And the other one where you have coordinated efforts of like you show this and you show triangle and actual triangle happens. So that is one extreme of the thing. So between the two, you can think of placing yourself anywhere depending on your efforts, time and resources that you have most important. That brings us to the session. There is another part of the videos where there is a voice and another screen card. Screen card. There is writing and again it goes back and forth. Is it part of animation or part of the process? It is called as scribe where so the technical term for that is called scribing. Where you can actually type what your content you want to tell. And there is a software which will actually have a video scribe. Video scribe. Yeah, many, many such companies have it. It is available but it has a cost attached to it, $69 for a year. What it actually does is a very innovative cheating I call it because the font will only appear and one hand static image with a pen in hand will just move over according to the strokes of the letters and it will show as if you are writing and some non-relevant options like you can change the hand and the pen and all that are available there. But yeah, that is what it is. In fact, one of our aim is to have a summer internship project to convert that into open source because that is required by many people and we do not have a open source. We have been, me and Yogendra have been searching for that software for long but there is no such simple software actually, it does not take much. Okay, so we went off for lunch thinking about how many LEDs will we have in how much time will we have to do one LED and all such things. Now is the time to reflect upon. Yogi gave his side of story and also showed you the ways in which it can be done. Let us just for our own benefit, try and estimate what would be the effort. So, planning a LED, approximate, I will just count numbers and you just say yes or no. One day planning of one LED, one day, we are talking about man days and man hours now onwards. Okay, so we will let us not confuse between I will have some other things to do in a day and all that. One man day, percent day for one LED script, okay, eight man hours. Now producing an LED with all this what you just saw and whether you decide to do that what JK has done or go otherwise, okay, another eight hour. This is important, total number of LEDs in your course, okay, four weeks we said, right. How many? Six each. 24 videos, okay and so total time we can just calculate of 24 into 16, right, all these things we are only talking about LEDs right now, right. We have not touched base upon time required for planning your LBDs, LXTs and LXIs. So it is going to be a huge amount of time, 364 man hours just for that four weeks of LEDs what we are doing and all this is in ideal conditions, okay, yes that is what. So this is only for LEDs and we have multiples of this. So imagine around a thousand hours of work which will take up all these things, are we okay with this number? Can you think of reducing it, it may only increase but not decrease, right. So that is where the point is that if this much effort is required, is there a way to reduce this? So one way like we can talk to such people and figure out newer ways of reducing the effort but is there any other way of reducing this effort without deviating from the object that is important. We cannot say that okay we will not do this and that but how can we, any, yes, okay, like what you saw here, okay and we did not have a bandwidth to create the content about how to actually record it so we had one more person coming up last minute. So such collaboration is one definite solution then any other option but collaboration will not make it like thousand will not get reduced, it will only get reduced for yourself, each of you have to put in 200 then that will be all but the total number of effort is not reducing anything else, yes but they will create their own MOOC what about your MOOC and probably they may not thank you for that, all you know, yes, yes, total effort is what is thousand hours that we just came up with and if you are to cover all the objectives what we have decided, uniform formatting, yes all this is falling under uniform formatting, whatever video making so if we decide to use OBS we decide to make, we use Google Slides for templates everything after doing all that we are coming to this point, right, okay let us go ahead and share what can be done, what can be done is repurposing and there is this principle avoid creating new content instead curate existing opens educational resource content suitable for your learners, look for OERs wherever possible. Now wherever possible and curate are the two important points here because if we do not see wherever possible it is as good as getting another course and saying, okay take this but it is not because it has to be suitable for your learner, if you are teaching a course in your university with your own syllabus there will be certainly some concepts which are common and there are some new concepts. So the new concepts need to be delivered by you because only you are the owner of that particular thing but you can get some concepts from other places which are available in open educational resource under the license and curate them, now curate is something important so we will deliberate on that, okay so what is your definition of curation can I just get some inputs about that have you heard this word in the context of art many times exhibitions, right. So what is essentially the task of the curator in exhibition it is certainly not just putting them on the walls, right so okay yeah more than that maybe. Presenting yes so that is presenting as per the our incense the viewers who are going to okay but that is the presentation part what is that you select yes so first is to choose appropriate then present it in that appropriate so that is why first point is identify what will possibly fit to your requirement out of all the things which are available what is fitting directly with your requirement is the most important point so identifying that whichever is there and immediately once you say identify you have to first worry about whether it is available to you as it is or not if it is like you have some certain tools but they are costing you money then you cannot or there are issues about copyright you definitely cannot so check for the IPR issues and primarily use for OER things so that you do not get into other problems and then you can you have a you have identified the content which can be bolted. Now once you have selection then you need to do the next step which is okay you can take this is a common question lot of people ask me what is this standard YouTube license versus open so if you click on that and you go to that website whatever that hyperlink is then it will tell you whether it is for viewing or you can use it only then you can do that because most of the other people who are not aware of things simply give a answer that okay I found out on Google therefore I can use it so that is the biggest misconception one case where we have actually shown you the video of Mandar Banushe it is in standard YouTube license so we could actually play it in YouTube but still we had to get his permission to pay it played for our course so you can think of it in that line so even if it is standard YouTube license if you get the permission you can play it but it has to be played in YouTube you cannot put it in embedding also is not actually strictly correct way redirect them to YouTube using URL so as long as it plays in YouTube YouTube has the ability I mean they have the license to play it whenever they want but implication the hit gets registered on YouTube.com and not on your site that is their implication because they count in terms of number of hits so if the hit goes somewhere else they are not happy if that is their product they it should go to them that is how it is kept and because you have done it and because you saw that some people help you in getting up to that point definitely try and contribute back to OER so that it can be further repurposed by people who are in the similar boat right one of the recommendation is use CCBYSA that is one of the best licenses for educational content for academic use has some relaxations there are certain things but now in digital domain those are slightly blurred and people are still figuring out how to crystallize this kind of relaxations or restrictions that is what is right now. Some of the video aggregators like teacher tube YouTube Vimeo OER commons will give you possible bunches of these are huge repositories where you can actually search for things. So yeah so the analogy we wanted to talk to you about this the repurposing part is the basic difference between if you want to if you have a need to write a new textbook versus using different chapters from various books in order to create your course whether your course is so critical that you have to write your own textbook finally it is as comparable as the same and you know the effort of writing a book so you relate to it ok. After you get identify then you have to actually also do the alignment of what is suitable for that the flow and the theme what you are trying to use for your own course. So therefore, evaluating the alignment along with the objectives so constantly compare the objectives of the content you have selected with the objectives you have written for your own course and see what matches or not. It can be in multiple ways so like I asked him do you have a video then immediately I can think of that as a LXD because we cannot cover more than this right now so it is not a LED anymore then immediately I can think of that same content as LXD. So the content can come in different formats it depends on how you actually repurpose it so you can repurpose it in various ways and please put in a thought of how it can be repurposed whether it is actually a LED or a LBD or a LXD or a LXI. You can use it for creating your quizzes which is and RCAs which are we added three exclamation marks after that. So example in the FDP content we can put in how to record your tabletop videos which are given by learn by watch. So get Yogendrapal to sign it up for OER and then put those into this I do not know if they are already they are yeah we are coming to the same thing there are specific sections of multiple books like you have list of books referred for the scores but there is not the entire book there are specific sections. So figuring out which are those sections and accordingly describing them and then using them is very important ok and finally adapt and remix for your context will align. So whenever even after you have filtered them for the IPR issues and also the alignment issues then you have to slightly modify it or at least write a wrapper around it to make it fit into your context because otherwise it will be just standing alone without any connection. So this connection is very important because the learners may not be able to understand why suddenly a new speaker has come up and what is happening. So you saw that when Professor Shridhar came and gave you the context why now Yogendrapal is going to speak about and what. So this is very important and only then learners can connect to it. One such interesting example is spoken tutorial where you see you can see that the video remains the same and the audio gets changed and they have explained the process of how you can do it on their website. So anybody who wants to contribute can actually take down the video and use their process to create audio of various other languages and that way they have a repository of multiple language screencast tutorials for open source software in over 20 Indian languages I suppose that is how they are growing. These are extra notes along with the text book for clarification. Forum. Netiquette. Great. Any other places where we have repurposed Khan Academy just these two or yeah. So basically whatever we did at the start of today most of it was repurposing I just used videos from different places and I just did a voiceover to tell you what this is about. So essentially we also believe in the I mean we believe that repurposing is much more convenient and saves a lot of time. So we as we had published in the brochure or the outline of this workshop it was about plan, create and conduct right. But we definitely realize that conducting a MOOC is too early topic to talk about right. So we are already looking tired when we thought of thousand hours of work to create a MOOC and I can see that all around. So obviously but we just decided to give you some pointers and that should be helpful. One and the most important there is no such importance levels although they look 1, 2, 3, 4 there is nothing about they are not in priority order. But yes all of them matter publicity people should know what is this coming up about and there are multiple channels nowadays for that. So then having the teaching assistants for helping you out the processes for registration also differ. So that could be one of them. ES can also be associate faculties in our sense right. So you have to think innovative ways of getting your teaching assistants need not be the conventional definition of a student who has done something. So that that is how I operate. So all my ex students get a mail that you want to become a teaching assistant next time and they do that. Some features it is the most critical. What you do on Udemy and what you do on Udacity and edX and IIT Bombayx and Swayam differ a lot and that has to be considered while designing your course. What all affordances the platform is offering may change your strategies. So do not first put in that unless until you know where it is going and then you can plan accordingly actually modify accordingly. Udemy handling is very important because this is one way of interaction where the learners are not in front of you. So therefore when they want to know that you have heard and seen their queries is the most important point of interaction and they want to know all the time that is what my example has been my experience has been and some of you who were learners of MOOCs also will maybe echo the same ideas. Planning engagement because it is not like one-off option especially when you run that MOOC in a self-paced mode for 6 months. It is no way that it is the ending time of a MOOC or something because for somebody who has taken the MOOC just now and plans to finish in next one month it is the starting time of the MOOC. So such cases will happen and you have to be ready with that and finally using analytics because for researchers especially who are keen to observe these things. MOOCs give you analytics at a very large numbers, your data is huge you get in thousands. So keeping a very nice vigilant eye about what is happening around will help you in generating lot of interesting theories out of it. So using analytics is very very important and especially for researchers. So I think that is what we had for the day from our side till the summary starts of the workshop.