With 13 games on tonight's slate for MLB DFS We have a whole lot of options both that picture and it sacks and our job is decide Which of those options have the ability to separate on a 13 game slate where we need to find upside need to score as many points as possible and I do think there is one picture you can separate and Some stacks that are pretty good to potentially two pictures as well who can separate so I feel like despite having a Somewhat overwhelming number of options. I do still feel pretty good about being able to identify or also plays for tonight's slate So let's dive on in to get you set for Friday's action. Welcome on into the solo shot That's right here on the Fandall podcast network and number fire calm My name is Jim Sonis. I am a senior writer and analyst for number fire calm here to break down Friday's 13 game main slate We lock set for 705 p.m. Eastern for today Unfortunately similar to last night. There are some weather notes once again for today Rain is very likely in Baltimore for the Orioles and the Pirates. It may move out as the game goes along so Depends on the timing of it, but it doesn't look great there by any means rain odds a bit lower in Philadelphia for the Phillies and the Nationals Looks less rough than last night but still worth noting last night also kind of annoying but We'll see how that one plays out there timing of that and more But I think that came a bit safer than the Baltimore one There is a chance of rain mid game between the Guardians and the Astros They should be able to play but it's looking like it's getting there right around first pitch, but Hopefully just a late start and go from there, but we'll see on that one Rain odds decently high in New York for the Mets and the Braves This one is similar to Pittsburgh where I think it's legitimately at risk. So highest risk ones for today Pittsburgh and New York We've also got rain in Philadelphia and Cleveland. So check back on the weather situations for those Once things are closer to lock later on today We'll dive into the pitching preview for tonight's slate in just one second But first a reminder to make sure you're subscribed to the number fire daily fantasy podcast feed wherever you get your podcast We of course are not the podcast Spotify stitcher Google podcast whatever it may be you can find us there one quick programming note for us is that Beginning next week covering the spread our betting podcast is shifting to being a daily show so five times per week and As a result of that this show will no longer be going up on youtube each and every day So if you are watching youtube a thank you, I appreciate it. It's been awesome support all year Unfortunately starting next week will be shifting this podcast to being just audio So to get that podcast search for the number fire daily fantasy podcast feed wherever you get your podcast If that plan changes, I'll let you know But as of now, I would not expect the show to continue to be on youtube. So again, thank you I appreciate all of you who have watched youtube this year It's been a blast talking to you every time but I would note that beginning next week Things will be changing in that regard. So just find the number fire daily fantasy podcast feed wherever you get your podcasts NFL week one odds are out and now is the time to try fandal sportsbook if you haven't already Get in on the action early this season To help get you started new fandal sportsbook customers can get a no sweat first bet up to $1,000 Think your favorite team is making the playoffs. Who is your dark horse to win the rushing title? Odds for that and more are available on the fandal sportsbook app Just sign up place your first bet and fandal will give you up to $1,000 back in free bets if you don't win There is no better place to get ready for the football season than on fandal america's number one sportsbook An official sports betting partner of the nfl must be 21 plus and president select states first online a real money wager only Refund issued is non with trouble free bets that expire 14 days after a seat Restricts and apply see terms at sportsbook dot fandal dot com gambling problem. Call 1-800 gambler or visit fandal dot com slash rg in arizona call 1-800 next step or text next step to 5334 2 In connecticut 1-888-789-7777 or visit ccpg.org slash chat in louisiana 1-877-770 stop in new york 1-877-8 Hope and wire text open y In tennessee called the red line at 1-800-899-789 in wyoming 1-800-522-4700 or in west virginia 1-800 gambler dot net pitching preview for this friday main slate We got dylan sees up at the top of the pool. He comes in at $10,900 a fall by frumber of aldezz at 10 for nester court has faced in the cardinals is 10,000 eric lauer 97 shaman night is 95 with host a barrios in a revenge game 94 robby ray is also 94 with taiwan walker at 92 tony gonsolin is 91 with uh joesia gray and tyler malley making his twins debut both at $9,000 ian anderson corrie cluber patrick sandoval and dean kramer are the others at $8,000 or higher Now we got a lot of options for tonight 26 different starting pitchers But I do think one guy stands out and that guy to me is dylan sees he was my top guy here at $10,900 I don't think I have much choice but to rank sees first. He's facing the rangers here It's not really about that. Um, but they also don't scare me off 23% strikeout rate versus righties with a 7% walk rate. It's a fine matchup This adoration is mostly about sees himself We're up to 10 starts now with that forcing with fewer forcing fastballs and more sliders on sees and he has a 2.85 skill interactive ERA in that time He's The only guy below three in terms of skill interactive ERA and each guy's most relevant sample and his strikeout rate Is 34 percent that is 6 percentage points higher than everybody else in their most relevant sample He does all that while also letting up a hard hit rate of just 31 percent That's also best on the slate. So best the era best strikeout rate best hard hit rate That's really tough to do and that's all reflected in the results that sees has had he has an o 62 e r a in the span He has not let up multiple earned runs in any of these games Granted there have been seven honored runs, but hey, they're on their end for a reason I've got sees projected for 7.6 strikeouts tonight, which is the largest on the slate by a decent amount I think he's absolutely the top guy for tonight. I don't have a lot of pause in putting in there So to me Dillon sees separates in the packet is your number one starting pitcher on tonight's slate on fandall I feel obliged to put Robbie ray second and i'm not opposed to that even with a couple rough starts here recently The past two for ray have been awful He's let up 10 earned runs in five and two-thirds innings with four walks compared to just four strikeouts But both those games were against houston His loss in the second game was fine He was just facing the same super tough team in consecutive starts So it's totally understandable that ray would struggle in that situation doesn't worry me a whole lot moving forward That's in part because the current angel's lineup is a rough one against lefties just an 82 wrc Plus on the current active roster with a 34 fly ball right in a 117 iso That's not going to put a lot of fear in too many people Ray is also at home, which does help I think we can look at a larger sample on ray digging into those two astro starts I don't think there was anything too concerning there outside of the results But if we got 10 starts on ray with his sinker being in the mix and He has a 28 strikeout right in that time including those bad starts versus houston He has a 3.36 skill interactive eray his swing strike rate is 13 percent We did see this version of ray facing the angels one time with my trout back on june 17 And in that game ray went seven innings and had 10 strikeouts with one earned run allowed I still think that robby ray is in there. So I'm in on him for tonight I'm gonna rank him second behind cease. He is projected for 6.9 strikeouts That's second on the slate behind cease as well. So I'll rank him there too so to me the top two guys and the guys are the best upside and Maybe also potentially the best floor are going to be Dylan cease and robby ray Because of the strikeout juice they bring to their respective matchups Among the value plays my favorite is on the other side of that game. That's patrick sandoval 87 Obviously if he's on the other side of this game means facing the mariners and they're a pretty tough team But they're not as daunting of a matchup with no julio rodriguez That's one thing that does help sandoval He also typically is a high strikeout pitcher now I got a bit nervous about that part when I was looking at his pitch mix because In his past five starts sandoval throwing more sinkers and sinkers Typically suck. I always want to avoid them. It worried me to see that usage on the increase But the strikeout rate hasn't really gone down. Actually, it's up from his full season. It's 28 percent and that's helped The sinker has helped bring his fly ball rate down to 25 percent and That does come against some pretty tough competition with the astros dodgers and braves all being in that span So sandoval did have bad results there. I think his era is around eight or six somewhere in there Big difference obviously, but uh, not good either way But so it's not all sunshine and days to buy any means The peripherals are there though on the whole sandoval's had a decent year 3.61 era 4.03 skill interactive era. He has a path to double digit strikeouts I think that's enough to justify going in on him here. So Sandoval is my favorite value for tonight. I really do like season ray. So I might just build around those too, but if I were to go elsewhere I'd probably look at least towards sandoval Maybe from her ball does depending on the timing of the rain there in cleveland But sandoval would be in that consideration for me for sure So not a definitive to be out of my player pool as it's how value of the night So pitching pretty good between ray and cease. We got two guys who have a lot of upside and we can feel good about Stacks are pretty good too and that starts to me with the brewers They're facing robert dugger coming up tonight here for the reds he's replacing tyler malley in the reds rotation and It's a guy we can stack against with the brewers here dugger has spent most of the year down in triple a Wasn't a big strikeout guy down there. He had an 18 strikeout rates between his time With the rays and the reds in triple a with a 10 walk rate And an 18 strikeout rate and a 10 walk rate are numbers We'd stack against if they were numbers a guy put up in the big leagues But this happened in triple a We also did not see dugger suppress fly balls If you look at the star since he joined the reds organization his fly ball rate is 48 percent So All this adds up really well. We have seen dugger in the majors previously a couple outings with seattle last year He was with the marlins before that and if you look at his career in the big leagues He's led up a 43 hard hit rate with a 40 fly ball rate And I haven't seen a whole lot in the minors to suggest that those issues that he had previously have corrected themselves this year So I think this all leads to the brewers being arguably the top stack on tonight's slates They are my top stack personally and I think that they deserve to be there not just because of the match it but also They're kind of sneaky fun from a power perspective hunter renfa rowdy thales They're obvious guys, but willy adamus and colton wong both have ices above 200 against rights Luisa reos just below that at 181. So they're a really fun team I specifically want to keep using colton wong. I think that uh, the power speed combo Really fun. He feels second base, which typically is difficult for me. So I like wong I like the brewers in general and I think that they're a tiny bit underrated from a stacking perspective This offense is kind of fun and we should start giving them giving them more credit for being exactly that The rays are in play tonight for the second consecutive slates. I'm going to rank them second here for stacking behind the brewers They're facing brian garcia and we saw garcia last week in the majors and he's coming back up for today He's still getting stretched out as a starter. I've gotten projected for 75 pitches for tonight But the numbers here are concerning Dan Zamborsky zips over at fangrass his projection system projects garcia for a 5.6 Or a fit as a starter in the majors and that's in large part due to Tough plate discipline numbers He had a low strikeout rate and a high walk rate and he's not a ground ball guy He spent most of the year down in triple a his fly ball right there is 40 percent Now he goes to face big league batters and garcia held his own last week. He didn't implode And that was a tough spot based on the jays on the road But he wasn't lights out either to the point where we need to be super concerned about stacking against him I'm expecting some groin pains here because garcia is both stretching out and transitioning to the big leagues I think that's enough to justify stacking against him with the rays or tonight I think the rays are good enough to take advantage of a plus situation I'm curious what they do versus righty's isek paredis. Obviously last night we did see him batting third in that lineup and But the problem is they've got a lot of guys. They've got more depth than they had previously Versus righty specifically with the addition of David Peralta But paredes has been so good this year. He has a 226 iso versus righty specifically so I hope that their plan last night is indicative of their plan going forward where we get paredes at a good spot in the order even against righties because I feel like he's earned that based on the way he's played so far this year salary. There is $2,800 I think that is too low with how he has played so Definitely an on paredes for tonight is being a key focal point within our dfs lineups For the third stack i'm going on another fresh face in the majors That's hunter gattis who's making his mlb debut Facing the astros so welcome to the big leagues kid. It's a rough assignment, but it's also A really tough task for him overall because gattis has spent most of this year in double a he was there for i believe 1516 starts somewhere around there. He just got promoted to triple a two starts ago He's gotten strikeouts at both levels So clearly moving from double a to triple a has not faced him and it's i don't Think it's fluky either based on the swinging strike rates.  He's facing a lineup of just professional hitters as a word phrase the astros to be He may get a slight edge because there's no mlb tape on him, but This start was announced previously. So the astros have time to prepare for him and I think that that matters I do believe that the unknowns here coupled with gattis's strikeout rates Push the astros down this list a bit down a third But it's not pushing them down far enough where I want to go with others above him So the astros to me great out is a very good stack here in one I feel fairly confident in just below the other two teams we discussed previously We get trained mancini here in an astros uniform tonight, which is pretty fun. I already saw him go yard once But the salary is $2,700. That's pretty low We talked about this before with dan voglebach tyler naikwin on the mets Situation matters a lot for hitter because it increases plate appearances it increases chances for Run scored and rbi's all that stuff and mancini's situation despite not being in an awful one previously His situation did get better. He has a 38 fly bar at this year versus righty's good amount of hard contact I think that when you're stacking the astros mancini is a pretty quality piece to have within those stacks yuli goriel's probably gonna bat higher in the order than mancini, but I think i'd rather use mancini among the secondary options So mancini a big upgrade here with the astros pretty fun batter fun story as well So I think the train mancini a guy worthy of our attention and someone I rank above goriel among the non stud options I mean, I didn't use the stud but like among the non like super high salary guys within these astros stacks Let's go now to things to watch the yankies are just a hair behind the astros for stacking for tonight They're facing dakota hudson, which is part of why they're a bit lower hudson is annoying to stack against he gets a lot of ground balls, but That's less true when he's facing righty's than it is with lefties righties get more fly balls versus hudson than lefties do So i'm fine stacking the yankies Skewing towards the righties here to mitigate hudson's ground ball rate So torres donaldson judge etc etc those guys all grading out well After you account for hudson's platoon splits and other issues i'm not going to stack the pirates tonight because they've been gutted And also the rain potentially there, but i'm finding some one-offs here at the rain ones that being okay They're facing dean kramer who's letting up a lot of fly balls a lot of hard contact right now That's a pretty tough combo to find on this slate beyond the top three stacks So o'neill cruise brian reynolds both those guys very much in play assuming the weather allows us to stack them for today Finally if you want to be a bit different tonight I might check out the cardinals for stacking. They're facing nester cortex. Obviously I don't want to stack against nester cortex, but hasn't been as electric recently letting up a lot of fly balls Getting fewer strikeouts the cardinals. We know obliterate lefties I don't think it's totally outrageous on a large slate to give yourself to give them a sniff if you want to be a bit different so It stings to stack against cortex because he was so nice to us earlier on this year He's a fun pitcher, but I think in this one situation. I am okay In tournaments where you want to get weird? Putting the cardinals on that list in terms of stacking for tonight Let's finish up here with some dinger calls for today and the boring one Not sure if he really counts as boring, but he had three barrels last night. Uh, that's branded lau Three barrels is like a an absurd number four hard hit balls. I believe for lau across that entire game so He's hitting the ball really well right now And I find that super encouraging because I love lau in general. He's a guy we've been Infatuated with in the past He actually has a barrel in four consecutive games so six barrels in the past four games for brand of lau He's seen the ball pretty well in a good spot I will go with brand of lau as my boring home run pick for tonight for the fun one Let's go back to colton wonk again Again, I know part of the appeal in him is that he is a power speed combination We're just talking about pure home runs here, but His iso is 200 and that says to me He can go deep 37 percent or 35 fly ball right this year. It's actually higher versus right. He's two Had a home run a couple nights ago I don't think it's totally outrageous to look at colton wong in terms of home runs Given the match if he's in given the way he's hit the ball so far this year I kind of like it So our home run picks for tonight are going to be brand and lau and colton wong Hopefully those two are fun enough to cleanse your palette for today That's all we got here for the solo shot on this friday again a reminder that next week We'll be moving to just audio for this podcast over on the number fire daily fantasy podcast feed We'll have covering the spread up on youtube in its place So still a lot of good stuff on the fandal youtube page, but there's different stuff We'll be talking mlb uh bedding on monday in fact So if you've enjoyed dfs and want to dabble in some bedding We'll be talking about that on monday up on the fandal youtube page for covering the spread But again search for the number fire daily fantasy podcast feed to get this podcast plus nascar ufc pga and nfl not too far down the corner If you've got any questions for me i am on twitter at jim sonnis j i m s a n n e s You can also follow the fandal podcast network at fandal podcast big Thank you to everyone for tuning in good luck to you with your mlb dfs lineups towards nights We'll talk to you once again monday. Have a fantastic weekend This has been the solo shot right here on the fan dual podcast network


We're gonna learn in this video all the basics about using a terminal in either Linux or Mac OS same principle a lot of people will call it the terminal a lot of people will call it bash or the command line technically all those are Different things. I will talk about that But I'm assuming that you're turning on this video. You don't know anything about the command line You don't know anything about bash.  It's actually very easy So let's talk about some basic commands. So first off when you open up your Terminal you'll have something like this. You'll have some kind of prompt and you can type commands on it So let's actually first find out where we are If you want to find out where you are you can type in PWD that means print working directory now Of course a terminal instance is just like the instance of a file manager In that a file manager might have a particular directory open. It's the same principle here We're actually in this directory slash home slash Luke You're gonna be in slash home slash your name. This is your home directory.  So LS will show you what's around you Okay, LS says okay. Show me all the files in this directory Files and directories. So for example here I have you'll see in blue. I have docs pick Vids work. Those are all directories. I also have some files here I have this screencast file, which I'm actually currently recorded recording and I have some other files as well that you know Just happened to be in my home directory as I started this Okay, so LS is one of the most basic commands now one of the most important commands actually the most important command The command to rule them all is the command man. This is the most important thing to learn from this You know this video already We're gonna learn a lot of a lot of important things but remember man man Tells you anything you want to know about another command. So let's say we want to learn about LS We type in man LS and boom we actually get LS is in all of its instructions All of you know, it's whole manual so to speak now It's not like a whole book, but it's a page here You can scroll up and down with either arrow keys or Vim keys. That's J and K so you can scroll up and down You can look at all the options they have and this basically tells you all the The extra features of LS all the kind of things that it can do And if you want to quit out of this, you can just press Q. Okay, so let's actually let's look at this manual briefly Oh, actually see what I just did. Here's one other thing about the command line is that there are a lot of different Little shortcuts to do things. So let's say I want to rerun this command a man LS Well in order I could re type it out, but especially if you have a long command That's sort of hard.  See how I'm scrolling through them or you can scroll down to go downwards Either way, I'm gonna press man LS. Let's look at Some of the options here. So for example a this is one of the most common options to LS That says do not ignore entries starting with dot. Okay, what is that? Let's try and let's see what goes on here So if I type LS with the a option or a tag or a switch people call them different things It will actually show me a whole bunch more content. What's going on here? Well, what's going on here is if you just run LS It shows you Sort of the default files in this directory But if you run LS with the a option it actually shows you all the hidden files as well now these hidden files They're not like, you know secret or encrypted or something like that They're really just stuff that your operating system has to store in your home directory But it doesn't want them to always be visible. I mean like your config folder, for example It has a lot of important information And as you learn to use the command line and stuff like that, you'll realize a bunch of programs can be modified in there It's very handy But you don't always want to see this config folder So the convention is on Unix based operating systems like Linux and mac os you put a dot in front of files That you want to be hidden and LS and other command or other Programs as well will ignore it won't show by default things with a dot in front of them But if you run it with the a option it shows that stuff with a dot on it now notice also right now My screen is full at any point in time if you want to clear your screen You can hold down control and press L and most Interpreters will will clear the screen with that You could also run the command clear that will work pretty much all the time You know sometimes control L won't work on certain systems. They don't have it configured But either way control l 99% of the time it works some servers might not have it but anyway, so LS LSA we know how to clear the screen with control L. We know how to go up and down through command history We know pre PWD to print our working directory. So what other stuff can we do? Well, here's another option for LS you can learn this in man in man LS if you'd like But another option is LS with the L option This actually prints out all the the folders in this directory Or folders and file and files in this directory. It has its their names over here. It has the date They've been modified. It has their size. It has the owner. It has these things on the left here are file permissions So there are a bunch of different options you can run LS with again You can check man LS for all of them and they they give you a lot of granulated control over the things you're doing, right? Additionally, you could run it with the a option and the L option at the same time Now you might want to do something like this that that would actually work But you can also just do this, you know LS LNA and this will print out It will run the a option showing all the hidden files see we have these hidden files with dot But it all also will show this expanded information. Okay. All right, so that's that's about enough for LS right now I'm gonna control L to clear the screen actually. Let's look at our folders here. Let's talk about moving to different directories Now how you move to different directories is with the command CD and that stands for change directory Let's say I want to move to this work directory Then I type in CD and then work. Okay now I'm in this work directory now notice in my case This might happen on your machine as well my prompt has changed instead of having this tilde at the beginning which indicates, you know The home directory it's an abbreviation for slash home slash Luke on my machine It now says work because that's the current directory. I'm in we can also run PWD and see oh, yes We are indeed in work. There is the full path of our location Now in work we can also run LS and we'll see all of the files in this directory Now if we want to change let's say I want to go back to the home directory We can actually just type CD and any point in time without putting a directory name and it will return us to our home directory Or let's say something different. Well, actually, I should be clear So LS we talked about LS shows the directory contents But you don't actually have to be in that directory to run LS on it For example, I'm in my home directory. I'm gonna clear the screen. So I'm in my home directory This is what it looks like. I can also just run LS on the work folder. Okay, so if I run that it will show me What's in the work folder? I don't actually have to change directories to do that But of course I can if I want I'm gonna change directories to the work folder Actually, I did another very useful little thing here and this is one of the most important things You know, let's say you don't want to type things out on the command line all the time Well, luckily if I just type W here, okay And then what I do is I press tab and what tab does at any point in time is your command interpreter Your you know your interpreter will say, okay, he pressed tab Let me just guess what he's trying to type and in this case since we're in a directory where there's only one thing That starts with W. It's gonna know. Oh, he wants to go to the work folder. So I'll fill that in for him So you'll see me doing that a lot. That's a very important trick. Okay, so now we're in the work directory here I'm gonna look at the contents here. Actually, let's go let's go into one of these other directories. Maybe this one in R, okay, and I can see the contents of that as well if I wanted to with LS, okay Now another thing that you can do in any point in time So we talked about if you you can run CD on a directory you can also Just type CD and you'll return to your home directory, but you you also have what are called relative paths So I'm gonna clear the screen again and let me run the command LS with the a option Okay, so we see those two directories that you just saw when I ran LS before but you also see these other two things What are those these are not traditional? Directories or files in the way that you might think of but there are sort of abbreviations Well, they kind of are directories, but really what dot dot means dot dot means the directory Directly above us. So if you remember we were in our home directory, actually let me type PWD We were in our home directory. We cd'd into our work directory Then we cd'd into this in our directory now at wherever you are dot dot refers to the directory Over you. Okay, and what that means is I can do this. Let's say I want to go back to the work Directory well, I could type out something like this home Luke work that would actually work But what you can also do is just type dot dot and that means go to the directory right above me or if I'm in this work Directory and I run cd dot dot again. I'm actually gonna be in the home directory So now here I am or really slash home slash Luke my home directory or if I type cd dot dot again I'm gonna be PWD. I'm gonna be in the slash home That is the the slash home directory where all the individual home directories including mine are stored Okay, and at any point in time you can type cd and you'll return home Okay, so that's that's how you navigate around so cd changes your directory LS shows you the directory Contents and for any of these you can type man and the command name and it should give you information Actually, I don't know if cd has a man. Yes, it does have a man. It's very simple though Anyway, you can check it out So another an important command or another thing you might want to do is move files around. Okay, so let's let's Let's start playing around with this Actually, I'm going to I'm gonna move to my picks directory I'm gonna say picks and you can also you don't have to change one directory at a time You could actually let's say I'm gonna cd to picks and then I'm gonna press tab and it's gonna show me if you double Press tab twice. It's gonna show me a list of all of these directories in here So let's say I want to go to my wallpapers folder and in there I can press tab twice and it's gonna give me a list of the different directories in here I'll say the landscapes folder or something like that. Okay, PWD. There's where we are So I'm gonna show that I'm gonna press LS to see all the contents in there And I actually have a lot of files in here. Okay, let's say I want to copy some of these files to my home directory Okay, let's say I'll take this very last one here If I want to copy that one to my home directory, you use the command cp for copy. Okay, so cp Then I'm gonna start typing in this director or this file name So it starts with zh and it of course, it's hard to type look at all the typing I have to do Well, I can just press tab at any point and it's gonna guess what the rest of that's gonna be And if I want to move it to my home directory, I noted this before I'm gonna clear the screen for a second But if I want to move it to my home directory, I noted that the tilde I said this earlier the tilde always refers to home. Okay Now if you want to move it home, you can just say you could type out home Luke But that's a little hard because tilde is always gonna be an abbreviation for that So I'm gonna run that now nothing seemed to have happened it and say, okay I moved this file or anything like that But it actually worked Usually on the command line if you don't see it like any feedback from a command. That's a good sign If something goes wrong, it's gonna say that it went wrong So if I run LS on my home directory, you'll see in here that this file now is there. Okay, great Now let's move. Let's move another command back I'm gonna run clear just cuz I don't know pressing control L over and over again Just seems redundant. So I'll type it in. So here's We can also Move multiple files at the same time or copy multiple files at the same same time I should say we haven't talked about moving yet, but it's the same principle Let's say I want to move these other two I'll move Yamagata and Windows bliss to the home directory. Well, I can actually just type them both in so I pressed Double or YA and then press tab and I'll start typing this one and press tab And then I will move them to the home direct or copy them to the home directory. I keep saying move So now let's actually go back to my home directory just by typing CD Look at the contents and you'll see that we have Windows bliss. We have Yamagata. We have Janya, Dancia All of these files are now in our home directory So let's let's do so we've copied these over. What else can we do now? Here's a nice little thing. I'm actually going to create a new directory Let's say I want to move these three files to a new directory. So I'm gonna run the the command mkdir Okay, so mkdir just means make directory. So I'm gonna call it new deer, okay And now I am going to copy. Let's say I copy. Well, here's what I'm gonna run Or actually no, I won't do copying. I'll move them. Okay, so to move stuff you use MV Okay, so I can run it on one of these individual files. It actually works just like copy Except for you're not making a copy or just moving it you can move it to new directory Okay, and again, it will show nothing But I'm gonna clear the screen if I type LS you'll see that the file is no longer there And if I run LS on this new directory, you will see that it's now there That is one way to move these files and we could run move on each of these JPEG files individually But there's a quicker way to do that. We could do this we can say MV star JPEG and then the directory we want to move them to okay now what is going on here now first off I'll just run it to show you that it works Okay, and you'll see that now we we do not have any of these JPEG files in our home directory And we do have them in this new directory. Okay, so what's going on here? When you run this command here, and this is not just with move. This is with copy. This is even with LS what this asterisk mean what this what the star means is Any file any sequence of characters? Okay, it stands for any sequence of characters and then I have JPEG at the end and that really means move all the files That start to have anything as long as it ends with JPEG That is really all the files that end with JPEG move them to the new directory Okay, that's what that means and of course you can run it with any other command as well Let's actually move to this new directory here. Okay, let's say I'm inside of this new directory I'm gonna make it yet another directory, so I'll say another directory again in KDIR makes a directory Now we see that we have these three files and our new directory and let's say I want to copy all these files in well I can say copy JPEG And then I can move them to another deer and it's going to move them there. Okay, or Copy copy them there. So we have them in here now. We have them in another directory. Okay, and this is not actually just with Just with files that happen to have the same extension. Okay, let's for example, just I'm gonna make yet another example directory Okay, so here's here's an example here I'm gonna create a file and there are different ways to create a file Usually the one that people use is touch and I'm gonna touch a file and I'm gonna call it, you know Yo or something like that. I don't know you so I don't know it doesn't matter. I just want it to start with y Okay, so now what I'm going to do is just to be clear So another that I was another deer the one I just made or example. Okay. Yeah examples the one I just made Okay, so now what I want to do is I want to move the Yamagata file and the you file Into the example directory we can do that by saying move and then why because they both start with y and then The the glob matcher the asterisk the the the wild card to say Basically what we're saying is move everything that starts with a y and then has any sequence of characters move that to example That's what that means. So if we LS an example You will now see that those two files are here and since we move them They're no longer in the directory that we are now in okay So that's how you move files and not just move files But you can specify to the command line very specific things, you know, I want to move I want to delete all the JPEG files. I want to move all the PNG files. I want to Copy all the text files. It's very easy on the command line to specify something like that Whereas in a graphical file manager, you might have to be like, okay Click on these couple of options and say, oh, yeah, select these extensions or you know, there's a regular expression It's a it's a little bit more difficult and actually these kind of pattern matching sequences The most basic one is the asterisk which really just means anything But there are other ones as well. So to be clear Let me cd into the example directory now if I want to delete a file The command you use for that is RM or really remove is the mnemonic And to be clear just to remind you I got to remind you because why not this command man is still the most important command What does it do? It gives you a manual. It works on LS. It works on CP. We can learn about copying stuff We can learn about all the different options. For example, here's here's an option that might be important F if we copy something with the F option. Oh, well by default It will not it will not overwrite a file if it's already on the the place You're moving it to or copying it to but if you give it F it actually will do that. Okay So anyway So you can check so check the manual for all of these commands for different options you can do But anyway, what was I what what did I just say I was going to do? Oh, yeah, removing stuff Okay, so to remove stuff you use the RM command. Okay. Now. I should say the RM command can be a little bit Dangerous, I mean, it's not really dangerous once you know how to use it But to be clear when you delete something on the command line, it's deleted from your operating system It's not it doesn't go to a recycling bin or something silly like that when you say you want to delete something It's gone now technically depending on your file system. You can recover files and stuff like that But that is not something within your operating system So anyway, our M delete stuff So let's say I want to delete this file you Okay, and that was just an empty file. I created with the touch command Oh, actually, you know just to remind you I think I mentioned it. I didn't really talk about it So the touch command makes files. So if I say touch files that Creates a file named files. It doesn't put anything in those files by default Now really what the touch command is supposed to do is that it updates the Modification date or the access date of a file that it's being run on But if you're running it on something that is not a file It will just create a blank file there. So a lot of people use touch to create create stuff. So anyway You can run our M on a file and it will delete it. Okay Additionally, even though I delete it. I'm gonna make yet another file Just to show you one more thing. So another file. So now we have two files in this directory If you just run this our M and then the asterisk now, this is a dangerous command at this point Now remember that asterisk means You know any sequence. So if I ran RM asterisk jpeg that means delete all the files in this directory that end with jpeg or if I run You know, let's say new Asterisk remove new asterisk that means delete all the files that start with new and then have any sequence after them Could have any extension could have other stuff in their file names doesn't matter Okay, but if I just run remove and then the asterisk sign that means delete all the files in this directory Okay, so if I run that again, it doesn't show you Output when it runs, but you can see that there's no longer anything in this directory Okay, so all this stuff has been removed from the example directory So I'm gonna go back here to new directory. I forget where we even are. Okay. Yeah I just I've just been making directories inside of each other. So now here we are so we know that RM deletes Deletes files. Okay. So for example in our current directory, there's this file You know Windows bliss if I want to get rid of it. I can run remove on that. Okay Now let's say, you know, I just cleared out all those files from the example directory Okay, and just to be sure if I run LS on example, there's nothing in there So let's say I want to get rid of the example directory now. You might be tempted. Okay I'm just gonna run remove on that and if you do it's gonna say no no no RM We don't like removing directories and that's for safety's sake.  Oh, no. I just deleted everything in this directory. That's bad.  Okay, it will delete files, but by default RM does not delete directories That's for safety's sake partially. Now the proper way to delete a directory is RM Deer. Okay So I'm gonna run RM Deer on example. It doesn't show anything. Let's run LS and we'll see. Okay, great It's been deleted. Okay Now let's run RM Deer on this other directory And it's gonna say something else It's gonna say fail to remove another Deer directory not empty Now the thing about RM Deer is it only runs on directories again This is safety like there's so much safety built into these commands But RM Deer only deletes a directory if it has nothing in it and another Deer if you remember We actually copied all of those images to it. Okay. Now there are two things you could do here One is you could physically remove all the files inside of it And then you run RM Deer on it, but that you know, sometimes you just want to delete something So you actually run RM with the special option actually before that let's say hypothetically Let me look at the contents of my home directory. Okay, let's say I might you know Still be using these jpeg files for something later in this little tutorial, so I'm gonna copy the Files in this directory. Okay, so now what I'm gonna do I'm in new directory and I'm gonna say copy the stuff in another directory Which is inside the directory we're currently in and I put the start the end which this is basically gonna say all The files in here copy them to my home directory. Okay, so now I've done that you'll see that since I copy them They're still in this directory and now they are also in my home directory. There are copies of them But anyway, if we actually want to delete this directory, which has stuff in it, you cannot run remove You cannot run remove Deer So what you do is something you could find out by running man RM. There is an option to RM that is R and that means remove directories and their content contents recursively. Okay, so What that means is actually I want to show you one more thing is what I'm gonna do another thing I know it sounds like I'm doing all these weird things. I'm gonna make a copy of this folder or actually oops I meant to do this Actually learning moments. So let's say I want to make a copy of a directory, okay? So I copy this directory and I'm gonna make a copy of it called copy by default Copy only works on individual files, but you can specify this option or Which recursively copies it meaning it copies not just the directory, but everything inside of it So you do in fact have a copy, you know, we now have two directories in their copies of each other All right, so to delete so R means recursive and copy it also means recursive in remove So if you actually want to delete a directory and all the things inside of it, which again may be dangerous You run RM with the R option.  Okay? That is because I forgot before this video. I had a little alias file now by default this thing will not come up but one thing about RM is It has some safety features built into it. Okay, one of them or two of them is this So let's say you accidentally run RM with the recursive option on a directory you didn't mean to well It's nice To also run it with these options.  Are you sure you want to delete this? Capitalize the same thing it doesn't ask you for every every file But you know every couple of files or every directory or something like that and before I started this video But this is actually an important learning moment. Here's the thing. Okay, here's the hypothetical Let's say you are afraid of running Remove or any other command with some option that might cause damage to your system Okay, one thing that you can do is that you can modify a file called your bash RC Assuming that you're running bash if you don't know what you're running you're probably running bash Okay. Now, let's talk about this. I'm gonna go to my home directory Now I am going to open with nano begrudgingly I'm gonna open a file called bash RC, and I think I deleted this before I started the video So there shouldn't be any content in it, but let's say Hypothetically that we want a safer version. We want to only use the remove command When whenever we run it, we want it to have that option that capital I option to ask to prompt you if you really Want to delete something well in our bash RC file we can run this command alias RM equals RM With the capital I option and what this means is every time that I run RM I want you to interpret that I want bash to interpret that as me running RM with the eye option Okay, additionally, I mean you could do this with any command if you want to be absolutely suicidal This is stupid. Don't do it. It's just a proof of concept Instead of writing this well, actually, I'll just delete this instead of writing this you could do this That is whenever I remove just remove everything recursively Okay, that would be suicidal because if you accidentally run remove on a directory the whole directory is gone Okay, so this this would be a good alias to have and you can actually put other aliases in here I noted that copy by default does not copy recursively that is if you want to copy a directory You have to give it the R option. Let's say you find out redundant. You I mean you're always I mean if I'm copying it something I always want the R option so you can do something like this You can say okay whenever I copy give it the R option. Okay, so that's the kind of stuff that you can do So I'm gonna this is a text editor. I'm in I'm gonna write out the file I'm just looking down here and then yeah save that exit So nano of course if you don't know is a text editor nano is sort of like training wheels for Vim If you don't know what Vim is Vim is the text editor I mean technically it is the standard editor, but Vim or vi is the editor that basically people on the command line use You should learn it. I've done videos on it a lot of other people have done videos on it Vim is very powerful because it can turn you can type keys like a normal text editor But you can turn every single key into also a key binding a shortcut that makes editing text very efficient But nano works if you you don't know what you're doing or you need to all this All right So anyway, so we got a good bit of stuff. Let's do a little review right now So PWD prints where you are by default. You will be in slash home slash your name LS Lists contents. You can of course run man at any time to see all of the information about a particular command that you might need You can run Commands with particular options. We talked about LSA to print all your hidden files or your dot files Hidden files or anything that starts with a dot on, you know, Linux or macOS or anything You can run it with the L option as well. You can make directories You can make directories with MK DIR that already exists another Another new deer. Okay, so you can make directories with MK DIR. There it is you can remove directories with MK DIR you can complete file names with tab stuff that stuff like that if you want to be suicidal Let's be suicidal and delete lots and lots of stuff Actually, look did I already? Delete all the stuff that was in here. I don't know. Maybe I did who cares was I even in work I'm trying to remember where I was when I was making all those directories. Who cares it doesn't matter But if you want to delete something Suicidally, you can run RM with the recursive option other stuff like that. We talked about moving files We talked about copying files. Let's say I want to copy this file stall to my home directory You just run that you can also copy sequences, you know Regular not regular expressions, but glob matches of files notice. I have two PDFs in this directory I could copy both of them to my home directory by doing this copy Star PDF to my home directory and that will copy both of them to my home directory or also I mean you could actually do any kind of sequence. It's not just with Extensions notice both of these start with three so I could actually do this as well. I could say copy three star To let's go to this directory. Okay So that will write them in there So that is so those are sort of command line basics now There are a lot of things I have not touched on but that's just navigating around In another video. I want to talk about piping and because that's really where I mean right now You you're just learning how to sort of walk around and you're right. We're actually moving around very inefficiently We're not doing anything fancy. So in another video coming up soon I want to do stuff on the basics of piping which really shows you the the Great stuff that you can do on the command line. So anyway, wait for that and I'll see you guys next time


أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم في إضافة لسورة الفجر tonight for those brothers and sisters who have their Quran and their iPods and their iPads we will also be looking at chapter number 10 of the Holy Quran and we'll also look at سورة القامر chapter number 54 of the Holy Quran إن شاء الله these two particular chapters will bear verses that we will hopefully utilize tonight سلو على محمد وآلي محمد خل المؤمنين والمؤمنات ثواب الفاتحة أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله رب العالمين الحمد لله الذي هدانا لهذا وما كنا لنهتري له لا أنهدان الله والسلات والسلام على أشرف الأمبياء والمرسلين خاتم النبي سيد الممجد وشير المصدق المستفى الأمجد محمود الأحمد أب القاسم محمد وعلى أهل بيته طيبين الطاهرين المعسومين ولا عن الله ولا الظالمين من الأولين والآخرين أما بعد فك قال الله سبحانه وتعالى في كتابه المجيد وفرقانه الحميد بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم والفجلي وليال عشر والشفع والوتر والليل إذا يسرب هل في ذلك قسم لذي حجر ألم تركي ففعل ربك بعهاد إرمذات العمهاد التي لم يخلق مثلها في البلاد وثمود الذين جابوا الصخر بالوهاد وفي العونذ الأوتاد الذين طغوا في البلاد فأكثره فيها الفسار فصب عليهم ربك سوط عذاب إن ربك رب منصاد فأما الإنسان إذا مبتراه ربه فأكرمه ونعمه فيقول ربي أكرما وأما إذا مبتراه فقدر عليه رسكه فيقول ربي أهانا كلا بلا تكرمون اليتي ولا تحاضون على طعام المسكيم وتأكلون التراثة أكلا لما وتحبون المال حبا جما كلا إذا دكت الأرض دكا دكا وجاء ربك والملك صفا صفا وجئ يومئذ بجهنم يومئذ يتذكر الإنسان وأن له الذكرام يقول يا ليتني قدمتوا لحياتي فيومئذ لا يعذبوا عذابه أحد ولا يثقوا وثاقه أحد يا أييتها النفس المطمئن يرجعي إلى ربك راضية مرضية فدخلي في عباده ودخلي جنة سلوات مانستفا ريجي مام الزمانة ورحمة الله وبركاته سوف نتحدث عن الأسفل ومساعدتنا لأفهم أننا نردنا إلى أسفل سورة الفجر لما نتحدث عن الأسفل الثلاثة ريجي مام التي نتحدث عنها فيها لقد نردنا أسفل أن الله سبحانه وتعالى لدينا المقاومات عادة وثمود ومقاومة لنا فرعون ونردنا أن within these three لأننا نردنا في هذه الأسفل في الوضع of the movement of Karbala to identify points where they can reconcile with each other ونردنا أن نردنا at these three groups together in that number one if we are going to see them in light of the movement of Karbala we have to see all three in light of the movement of Karbala the second thing is the fact that we find that in regards to the tribe of Aad we found yesterday that there is a verse of Quran that tells us that they are عادن الأولى that they are the first of Aad and we found the Quranic principle that whenever you find the term أولى or the first or the earlier to be mentioned there is always a second or a letter so for example we mentioned that there is a term where Allah سبحانه وتعالى will say جاهلية الأولى and that in the Holy Quran this is a term for the first period of ignorance the scholars appeared to be يونانيمس in the fact that Allah سبحانه وتعالى has stated that there is a first period of ignorance there must be a second or later period of ignorance what one must do is to be able to identify which period it might be in and then we also stated another example and evidence within Quran that we have نشأة الأولى and نشأة الأخرى where we have the first creation the one which we have already been born into and then there will be نشأة الأخرى there will be a second or later creation being the time in which we are raised on the day of judgment and therefore the precedent is set that when there is عادن الأولى there must be a second عاد and by virtue of us taking all three of these communities these tyrannical leaders and ideologies and practices we find there is not only going to be عادن الأولى there is also going to be ثمود الأولى there will be a فرعون الأولى and therefore there will also be a second or a later in later generations of عاد and ثمود and فرعون and therefore our goal over this section is to identify the characteristics of those three tyrannical groups and see how they have become manifested between the periods of معاوية and يزيد بن معاوية yesterday we came to a point where we stated that the Holy Qur'an presents us with the characteristics of عاد the community of عاد they were within the geographical location of modern day Yemen and they were a particular group of people who had Prophet Hud عليه السلام sent to them in regards to عاد we stated yesterday that they were of an area called إرم and that they were in a particular kind of mindset and that with their own lofty buildings with the grand buildings and cities that they had managed to create they felt that they were superior to anybody else and in fact anything else we highlighted a verse of Qur'an yesterday where they state who is greater in strength than us الله سبحانه وتعالى responds back and says are we not greater in strength than the wonder that created you in the first place and therefore we found that this was an attitude this was a way of thought this was a thinking that we are the greatest in our civilization we have not come across any that can rival and match us hence the term hence the verse الله دي يلم يخلق مثلها في البلاد that there is none the likeness who have been seen elsewhere in such cities and therefore because of عاد's arrogance because of their belief that they were so superior to everybody else that this was the point in which set a basis for the kind of tyrannical thought process within the mindset we've also need to understand this through the term and through the example of Yazid we didn't have a chance to express this point yesterday because time was against us but as such we want to mention it today before we move on to Thamud there is an incident that we are very well accustomed to that provides us with a very good example of the attitude of Yazid and how he felt that there was none above him and that how he was someone who was able to state that he was the supreme of all the supreme similar and akin to what the people of عاد were like we find that tradition that says to us in the events of كوفة and Damascus when the أهل البيت are presented in Damascus before him let us recall what the women and children must have been like we know that they would have entered in in a state in which they were as captives they would have had their legs bound their arms would have been bound they would clearly have been in a state in which they would have been hungry and thirsty upon their move we would find traditions that tell us that the ladies would have been whipped and the younger children would have been slapped imagine this condition and now imagine this condition upon the young 4-year-old daughter being Lady سكينة peace be upon her when Lady سكينة stands in front of the enemy tyrant being يزيد she begins to question and begins to discuss with him she's in a state obviously an absolute morning يزيد one narration tells us that he addresses her and says oh little girl tell me why is it that you are so upset as if one would need to ask such a question tell me what is it that you are crying so profusely about and she responds by saying that I am crying because of the state in which I find of my father as the dialogue continues between this young daughter of Hussain بن علي peace be upon her and يزيد we find it comes to a point where they now begin to discuss the stations of Imam and the station of يزيد she puts out a statement and says that my father was the one who my father is the one who is the Imam he was the rightful heir and leader of the entire Muslim community in a fit of rage يزيد responds by saying oh little girl your father enjoyed no rights upon me now this shows the level of arrogance that يزيد really had that he was someone in his mindset akin to the people of A'ad where they themselves state that they had no one above them they are the strongest of the strong and even يزيد has this audacity within himself to claim that the Imam was no one who enjoyed any rights above him rather as we know the Imam was the Imam of the entire universe and everything would fall at his feet if only we understood how they would fall at his feet this is an example of what يزيد was like and therefore الله سبحانه وتعالى يزيد أول because he wants to present an ideology a way of thinking and attitude a mental state of not only A'ad but specifically how يزيد would be akin to the thought process of A'ad now we must move on to Thamud again Thamud we are very accustomed to we have heard the titles and yesterday we mentioned that there are chapters that are dedicated by title to the history and the accountability of the people of A'ad and Thamud we mentioned yesterday for example in سوت الأحقاف that this is the sand hills and this specifies the punishment that was given to the people of A'ad after the people of A'ad had received their punishment in which the wind had blown and destroyed them and buried them over layers and layers of sand hills it now came to their inheritors who were Thamud and some traditions tell us that Thamud were either inheritors as in grandchildren or that they were cousins and therefore later on being children and children of those cousins but there was a family resemblance and tie between the people of A'ad and Thamud therefore straight away we can see that they would become very aware they would certainly know of the issue of their ancestors that only was this a famous story within Arabia for someone to have been so close to the event itself they would know first and second and third hand of the issue that would have destroyed the people of A'ad by virtue of this taking place the people of Thamud decided not to stay in the area of Yemen geographically they migrated slightly away from Yemen they stayed within the confines of what we know today being Saudi Arabia and they would have situated somewhere between the city of Medina and eventually where Syria is today so geographically if you get your mind map out there will probably be somewhere in regards to the western or the north western side of Saudi Arabia until today in fact for those of us who are interested in history and archeology and preservation of sites the actual site of Thamud and their own area can still be found until today if you and I go to those areas just north west of the city of Medina Medina and Manawara where we go on Ziyarat if we still go today there is a place in which you can still see the actual houses and the actual places in which Thamud were now this is actually something quite interesting because it's actually protected today under the UNESCO world heritage site if you want to study this or look it up on the internet you can just type in الحجر archeological site الحجر like we have chapter number 15 of the Quran سوت الحجر spelled very similar الحجر archeological site until today it still remains now we know the ideology of our brothers within Saudi Arabia and the Wahabi school of thought and particularly the ideology in destroying everything and anything that is historical and this is actually something that they were doing in recent decades the idea was not to excavate the idea was not to come and dig and see rather it was to be left alone because it could lead us towards some sort of bid'ah or could lead us towards some sort of idol worship anyway whatever happened happened and we find that UNESCO stepped forward and said we want to make this a world heritage site since that period in time with the good work of UNESCO small number of digs have started to take place and maybe one day inshallah we too can go and perform our own excavation and see the history of what took place with such an important period of Islamic culture and history why is this so important why is it that they would still be there what houses did they have the verse of Quran says وَثَمُودَ جَابُوا specifically that they were people who carved that they were able to carve houses out of the mountains in fact if you go and look on the pictures on the internet or if you get a chance to go inshallah you will see that their carved houses into the mountainside is very similar to that of the great city of Petra we have seen Petra and we have seen how it is dug into the side of the walls and it's a very grand number of columns and dig, dug deep in towards the mountain the cities of Thamud were very similar maybe not as high as Petra but very much similar in terms of how they would do it the idea behind this from Thamud's perspective the tribe of Thamud was that they wanted their own security straight away we can see the link between the ideologies of Aad and Thamud Aad created very lofty towers for them several stories high was grand achievement of technology for them you can imagine thousands of years ago to build several stories high was an achievement for them they felt that it was a protection for them they could not be destroyed nothing could touch them once the destruction and the sandhills came upon them Thamud the inheritors had heard had seen were aware of this punishment and destruction that was labelled by Allah SWT they decided in their own arrogance rather than becoming followers of the religion of God what we will do is we will try to create our own houses which will grant us protection so what they did was that they carved out great houses into the mountains great houses into the side of caves on the basis that they felt that this punishment that inflicted could not inflict them if they are already covered by lofty mountains how can sandhills cover them they will be fine by it they wanted to protect themselves of course as we know Allah SWT if he wishes to destroy no matter how good the engineering is in his own قدر in his own desire of power none can stop the destruction that will take place unfortunately we even see it today the height of engineering that we have within our world sometimes earthquakes hits the western coast of this country sometimes earthquakes hit Japan these cities and engineers are specialists in building houses in buildings that can withstand the quake but yet sometimes they are still not capable of withstanding that quake imagine now Thamud who felt arrogant enough to now state we will build a new type of house in order to block the punishment from Allah SWT this being the case this was their mentality this is how they were thinking in how they were it's interesting the Quran itself provides us with an example of these two cities and specifically the idea of these two groups of people that had achieved something within themselves that were unprecedented in regards to technology Allah SWT has that wonderful verse where he says الذي لم يخلق مثلها في البلاد by virtue of that wow that wow that joins all the groups together that verse is applicable to Thamud as well Thamud were new in the way in which they were doing things with the way they were excavating the way they were digging into this land we have to question as a thought process what reason would Allah SWT give me those verses in the 21st century okay well fine if I lived 1400 years ago and we were still very accustomed traveling on camels and horses then maybe yes I could understand the rationale behind giving me an example of a community that would also have traveled on camels and horseback however we live in the grandest cities in the world what does Aad and Thamud from an archeological from a technological standpoint have to do with you and I in the 21st century or indeed in the 22nd and 23rd century the principle in regards to these two verses are that they were great communities that had achieved the most in their time in regards to technology none had achieved what they had managed to achieve in terms of their building their structures their infrastructures now in fact we can also claim the same thing the fact that we are at the peak of history and the fact that there is nothing going forward except us now into tomorrow's history nothing is there except us in our own technological achievement we are the pinnacle of our own technological achievement are we not the beauty is Quran provides us with an interesting verse that shows us just how far we as a human species can go one of the most famous verses of Quran بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم يا معشر الجن والإنس ان تنفذوا من أقطال السماوات oh gathering of the jinn and the ins if you think that you are capable of being the capacity to be able to break through to the regions of the earth and the regions of the skies then do it but you will only be able to do it إلا بصولبان except by his authority or by his permission now let's get our thinking caps on brothers and sisters imagine you and I lived 1400 years ago imagine we are Bedouins we ride from city to city on camels أفلا يندرون إلا الإبريكي فخليقات Quran asks do they not even observe the creation of the camel imagine we rode on a camel and you and I were Bedouins and Allah سبحانه وتعالى revealed that verse to you and I oh gathering of the jinn and the ins if you think that you can break to the regions break through to the regions of the earth and the skies do it how would you have understood that verse 1400 years ago what would have been your understanding of your capability of breaking through to the regions of the skies would you have heralded understood fathomed that we could achieve what we have today the interesting is some of the wording here يَا مَعْشَرَ الْجِنْي وَالْإِنْسِ الله سبحانه وتعالى addresses both the jinnat and mankind together and then tells us both of us are capable of diving to the depths of the earth and climbing to the heights of the skies now if you look at it the jinnat and the insan they are two completely different physical make-ups are we not although we may not have an absolute ultimate understanding of the realm of the jinnat we are told that they are made of smokeless fire you and I are not made of smokeless fire we are flesh and blood and bones yet yet despite our differences in physical make-up الله سبحانه وتعالى tells us that we're both capable of achieving something in this realm and then he tells us break through to the heavens the earth and the heavens look at the wording for heavens يَا مَعْشَرَ الْجِنْي وَالْإِنْسِ من أقطار السماوات والأرض أقطار the root word is قطر one of the translations for قطر is regions or countries countries قطر if you think you are capable of reaching to the countries of the skies and the heavens then do it but you will only be able to do it with my knowledge or my authority fast forward 1400 years where do you think our understanding of that verse is today our technological advancement now fast forward another 200 500 years where do you think our understanding of that very same verse will be in 500 years time and then imagine the awaited saviour who returns he spends however many years fighting, battling the evil he conquers the evil he is now the just imam of the entire world everybody turns to him due to his piety his knowledge his authority do you know the hadith do you know how long the imam is going to be in imamat open imamat leadership governing the world for is he going to be for 5 years 10 years 100 years one of the hadith tells us the longest period the imam will be in leadership for before he is martyred is more than 300 years now think about that as a timeline this perspective of things imagine we go forward for another 200 years before the imam comes just pick a number whatever and then he comes and then he establishes and then he's in rule for another 300 years that's 500 years from now 300 of which will be in accordance with the imam's absolute and divine knowledge on behalf of Allah SWT what science and technology will human beings not be able to understand and reach the pinnacle of now understand this verse in 500 years time oh gathering of the jinn and the ins do you think you are capable of breaking through to the heavens and the earth and do it but you will only be able to do with my knowledge or maybe my imam's knowledge now understand Adan Thamud because they felt that they were the supreme authority of their knowledge of their time and indeed they were and there's not a problem with that technological advancement is the purpose behind human growth it's part and parcel of who we are the question is how our attitude is towards that technological advancement Adan Thamud were haughty and arrogant in what they had achieved whereas us as a human being there's a species we either govern the things we create or we let the things we create govern us it's completely different in fact Allah SWT has a deep prophecy about this issue and how when we create things we think we are in absolute control of the entire world for those of us who have that Quran with us turn to chapter 10 verse 24 we'll give them time to find it Allah SWT puts forward one of the most tremendous verses you will find in Quran it is a prophecy we hear many prophecies in the Quran regarding room the day of judgment is a prophecy itself this is a wonderful prophecy that is made in sort of a unit Allah SWT says the likeness of this world's life is only as water in which we send down from the cloud then herbage of the earth by which men and cattle eat grows thereby so basically the earth is nothing more than the rahmah we decide to give you our rahmah determines the quality of your earth don't think it's yourself when we want to let you know a new technology we will let you know a new technology yes Steve Jobs achieved it but where did he get this inspiration from and indeed a lot of it has been inspirational then Allah SWT puts forward this prophecy this deep analysis of the human being and the potential of our attitude until when the earth puts on its golden rainment and it becomes garnished and people think that they have all the power over it then our command comes to it by night or by day listen to the wording until when the earth puts on its golden rainment and it becomes garnished and people think that they have power over this earth the result of which when they think they are in control of this world our command comes to it by night or by day we render this world nothing more than reaps seed produced as if it has not even been in existence yesterday we will destroy the earth as if nothing was left like it was yesterday the wording is very important he says the earth will put on its golden rainment and it will become garnished now let's use some of our imagery in our head and google image when you see a picture of this earth by night and you see a country filled with its cities which are filled with its lights and you see an entire country by night which is lit up by lights or you see a picture from space looking down and the earth is now of three primordial colors you have that blue sea you have that green earth but you have that golden color and you see in every city all the lights that we have created that emissions that we have created from the light energy الله سبحانه وتعالى says when the earth puts on its golden rainment and it becomes garnished now you know what a garnishing is you know a garnishing makes something look very adorned and beautiful like on a meal how do you think the earth becomes garnished imagine the cities that we have today imagine the things that we have achieved just look at the bay for example has it not become garnished with the beauties of our technology our advancements in our achievements الله سبحانه وتعالى says at this point when the earth has its golden rainment put upon it and when it has become garnished in this way there will be people that think they have and control over the entire world you see here it can't have been 1400 years ago because Thamud lived within a few square meters a few square kilometers a few hundred square kilometers within Arabia they didn't think that they had control over the entire world are they not people today who are so arrogant within their business within their ideology that they think that they have control over the entire world at that point we will show you our command comes by day or by night you won't know when it comes maybe one part of the earth will be in night and another will be in day and at that point we will render this earth to become nothing like it was yesterday it will not be able to be in existence as it was yesterday we can't become like Arden Thamud as a human species we continue our technological advancements we progress to the point of perfection but we must understand who it is that is allowing us to understand intellectual progress in the first place now you find an interesting comparison within Quran because if you turn to Surat Al-Zumar chapter number 39 verse number 69 Allah ﷻ says there will become a time in which it will glow this earth will glow yes but it won't just glow from the human golden raiment that is put on it the difference is وَأَشْرَقَةِ الْأَرْضُ بِنُورِ رَبِّهَا there will come a time in which the Noor of Allah will glow upon the earth and at that point the Kitab of Allah will be set down it will become firm prophets will be raised and people will be dealt with in accordance to justice that verse is in order and an honour of none other than the awaited saviour أَجْلَ اللَّهُ تَعَلَى فَا جَسْشَرِينَ وَأَهْوَا and therefore the ideology here these verses of Aad and Thammud for you and I within the 21st century is that we must understand how we observe our own growth as a human species that we appreciate the technological advancements and don't use them to ruin us as a mankind now we go back to the main topic Aad and Thammud in light of Yazid ibn Muawiyah Thammud this group as we stated their understanding their attitude their way of life was similar to that of Aad in which they felt that they were supremely protected but now the difference was not only attitude action their action was something akin to what Yazid ibn Muawiyah he performed throughout his time there is an interesting series of verses and this talks about the prophet of Allah who comes towards the people of Thammud specifically the verses tell us that in discussion he asks them and he says to them why is it that you are willing to take bad over good why will you swap evil and bad over good change yourselves الله سبحانه وتعالى describes one thing in particular and he says in answer in response to this ولا يسلحون that the people of Thammud did not perform Islam they did not reform themselves here is one of the first and primary understandings between the linking of the issue of Thammud and Yazid ibn Muawiyah كاربالا. نحن نعرف أنه يصبحت أبا عبدالله. كما يترك في مدينة يخبره محمد الحنفية أني لم أخرج أشرا ولا بطرا ولا مفسد ولا ظالما وإنما خرجت أطلب الإسلاح في أمة جدي محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم كاربالا my movement, my entire movement of Karbala is not based upon me trying to rise for the sake of mischief or arrogance or causing a problem within the community the only reason I rise, the one solitude reason I want to rise is based within the term إسلاح reformation in the nation of my grandfather peace be on his family here we see the first linkage that the term within Quran for the people of Nabi Allah صالح was that he demanded إسلاح ولا يسلحون and that they would not reform themselves here we can see something very interesting because we have a دعا rather we have a زيارات called زيارة الوارثة زيارة الوارثة is that salutation of the inheritancehip is based and dedicated towards the master of the martyrs what do we say السلام عليك يا وارثة آدم صفوة الله السلام عليك يا وارثة نوح النبي الله and so on and so forth we go through all the prophets now in this standard زيارة الوارثة that we read on a Thursday night is the term peace be upon you oh inheritor of صالح نبي الله there no it's not we know it's not there there are other prophets but the statement of peace be upon you oh inheritor of صالح is not there why is it not there is he not the inheritor of صالح why were those particular prophets in the زيارات picked and named by our sixth Imam when he recited that زيارة for the master of the martyrs was he picking only those because the Imam was only the inheritor of those imams sorry the Imam was only the inheritor of those prophets why did the sixth Imam choose those is it that the master of the martyrs was physically the inheritor of those prophets he's not he's not physically the inheritor of all those prophets as an example السلام عليك يا وارثة عيسا روح الله peace be upon you oh inheritor of عيسا the spirit of Allah عيسا عليه السلام according to our belief did not marry and did not have any children true that being the case how is it that حسين ابن علي the master of the martyrs can be the inheritor of عيسا روح الله have you ever pondered this we recite this زيارة every single week and tonight is Thursday night and maybe will not be any different why do we say السلام عليك يا وارثة عيسا روح الله if he is not the warith of عيسا روح الله therefore it cannot be the physical inheritorship only we are not speaking of the physical we are talking about the mission of عيسا روح الله peace be upon you oh the inheritor of عيسا روح الله for you are the follow of the mission of عيسا روح الله therefore when you see in Quran that صالح عليه السلام called for إصلاح reformation and his community ولا يصلحون did not reform and the Imam requested made his movement based on one principle issue not movement in Quran not necessarily the wearing of hijab not necessarily x, y and z all those things come within the term of إصلاح within the term of us reforming ourselves and therefore if the prophets were performing إصلاح within their communities the Imam was also an inheritor of all of the 124,000 prophets and their missions he was the inheritor of even نبي الله صالح عليه السلام this being the case we find that again it provides us in evidence that the Imam's movement is in line with the story of Surat Al-Fajr and this being the case what happened to نبي الله صالح and how do we find the specifics of the issue of the movement of Karbala نبي الله صالح من الله bless his soul started his preaching at an age of 14 to 16 years old based on the traditions and some traditions say that he lived up until the age of 120 and at the age of 120 he called for his own version مباحلة again you see another link another comparison our third Imam was involved in مباحلة نبي الله صالح is narrated to have called for his own style of مباحلة he says you are worshipping idols you are very arrogant I want you to allow me and you to stand in front of your idols both of us will call upon your idols and we'll see whom they respond back to based upon your response and once we'll know who is the right and who is the wrong so they agree the people 70 of them from the people of Thamud go out into the desert they eat they drink they bring their idols and now they begin to call upon their idols of course no response time and time again they ask no response مباحلة صالح has now given the opportunity I will call and he will call and he will respond from the idols بي الله صالح says if you have lost and you aren't capable of calling your idols let one of us to call upon my lord الله سبحانه وتعالى and we'll see if he responds to either one of us the people of Thamud thought well if he صالح عليه السلام calls he'll definitely get a response so let us call upon Allah and he won't respond to us الله سبحانه وتعالى is so merciful that he calls upon even and he even answers the one who is the idol worshiper so they say we will ask for a she camel to come forth who is 10 months pregnant what happens نبي الله صالح says well I can't provide you this 10 month old she camel but my lord certainly can no sooner had that request been made then the narration says a mountain split in half and from there a she camel of red hair and complexion came out which was 10 month pregnant they said نبي الله صالح make that camel give birth and another tradition says that camel gave birth at this point this is one of the signs of الله سبحانه وتعالى as we know the she camel of prophet صالح عليه السلام what happens is الله سبحانه وتعالى says that this she camel is allowed to drink once every two days they will share their drinking stations and this point will be this time you will drink the next day my sign will be able to drink we will alternate الله سبحانه وتعالى mentions this clearly within the Quran in سوت القمر in سوت القمر he talks about the people of Thamud belying his signs and he specifies and he says that this she camel of mine you must give the opportunity to take and partake from the water itself can you imagine now if that she camel was supposedly to take water and be allowed to take water alongside the idol worshippers of Thamud it makes an easy an obvious mirror image to the master of the martyrs and his family on the 10th محرم and whether they were allowed to take water from the river Furad if Allah سبحانه وتعالى specifies in Quran that one of his signs must be allowed to partake in water and share from a river how can it be that the enemies of Allah سبحانه وتعالى would stop the sign of Allah سبحانه وتعالى being Hussein بن علي from partaking in water on those days as well we see a clear comparison it doesn't even stop there as we know what was the purpose of this camel why have this camel now صالح علي سلام used to go around and preach to other communities within that area as we said Thamud were within a region from Medina to Syria صالح علي سلام used to use that camel in order to go to various cities when they hamstrung that camel they were stopping the progress of Allah سبحانه وتعالى's religion they were the ones who stopped from that camel being the means of bringing the message of Allah سبحانه وتعالى in the same way when the armies of Yazid stopped Hussein بن علي from progressing to Kufa it was exactly the same way that Nabi الله صالح people stopped the progress of the religion of Allah and we find then eventually that the sign of Allah سبحانه وتعالى is killed in the Shikamo and ultimately even Hussein بن علي is also killed just like he is the sign of Allah سبحانه وتعالى and therefore we find these parallels between Thamud and the issue of Yazid and how he was arrogant but not only taking on the same arrogance but he actually had the audacity to kill the sign of Allah سبحانه وتعالى one of the signs of Allah سبحانه وتعالى surely must be that man who had his arms cut off the first to have been given that title at T'ayar the one who flies in heaven with wings such a man such a standard bearer for Islam such a human being that not only is he worthy of being given this title in history Imam Zaynul Abideen عليه السلام in his sermon presenting himself in front of the evil tyrant Yazid mentions Ja'far at T'ayar as one of the signs from the Ahl al-Bait here this noble family produced such great grandchildren such wonderful grandchildren in the example of Aoun and Muhammad Aoun and Muhammad being youths young children young boys before we enter into the discourse in our understanding the sacrifice of Aoun and Muhammad I ask you to just take a moment and think about the Aoun and Muhammad within your family think about the young 8 and 10 year old children within your own family how small they must have been how much they would have been looking forward to life how much they would have wanted to serve their master but on that day when they were so thirsty on that day when a lack of food was being given to them on that day when the heat of the Iraqi desert was pounding upon them and yet they had to wield heavy swords on that day they had to bring and wear coats of iron in order to defend themselves from grown men can these be anything short because of Allah سبحانه و تعالى of themselves these two great pupils of Aba Abdullah they were given the responsibility of fighting by their father their father was unable to come to the battle of Karbala some say because he was in a state of illness and some say because he was in a state of having lost his vision sayidah Zaynab when she had gotten married to him when she had gotten married to Abdullah bin Ja'far al-Tayyar said that we get married on the condition that when the time comes for me to move with my brother Hussein that you do not stop me and allow me to go. Not only was this condition accepted, not only was this condition adhered to but Abdullah bin Ja'far al-Tayyar went a step forward and said if I cannot be there to defend Hussein on the tent of Muharram I send my two children on my stead. I send them on my behalf to protect the household of Rasool Allah on the tent of Muharram we find these two children eager to enter into the battlefield Where did this nobility come from? One narration tells us that on the night of Ashura on that night Sayyid-e-Zaynab is standing in a tent alone with her two children O mothers how must it have been to present yourself in front of your children and tell them that tomorrow you must go out into the battlefield and not return Sayyid-e-Zaynab stands in front of her two young children and says to them on Muhammad tomorrow you must defend your master Hussein ibn Ali At all costs you must enter into that battlefield and this was something upheld by these two lions on behalf of Hussein ibn Ali They come towards their mother and they say mother we request permission to enter into the battlefield We have seen our companions defending Hussein our master allow us to enter into the battlefield At this point Sayyid-e-Zaynab comes towards Hussein and says my dear brother Hussein allow my children to enter He refuses and says no how can I allow these two young children to enter She returns back disappointed and says to her children no Refusing the permission has not been granted for you to enter But they come back again and again and again and ask and demand and ask to enter into that battlefield Eventually they again go towards Hussein and say our uncle Hussein our master allow us to enter into that battlefield How can I allow you when you are the apples of the eye of my sister Zaynab How can I allow these two young children to enter into the battlefield when Sayyid-e-Zaynab hears that he is continuing to refuse She says that this is what their father has asked and what their father has demanded take place At this point eventually Hussein allows them to enter Sayyid-e-Zaynab sits them down and she says that you must go into the battlefield and addresses them She begins to dress them herself and places these small turbans upon the heads of these two young children Imagine now what Hussein must have done when he handed them their swords to enter into that battlefield They enter into that battlefield and they begin to recite lines of poetry each one of them أون turns round towards the enemies and he begins to recite about the valiant nature of his lineage He says no that Ion Aoun, Ibn Abdullah, Ibn Ja'faratayah He is the one who flies in heaven with two green wings He is the one whom even the angels envy You will find that we will attack you today أحمد begins to recite his own poetry He says you are the people who have corrupted the Quran You are the ones who have made a mockery of those verses which are محكم and those verses which are متشابه We will attack you upon this day The narration says that as they enter into the battlefield they enter side by side And they begin to attack the enemies together When they attack the enemies they are situated together The enemies come towards them but they dispatch them just like the young family members of Ahl al-Bayt that they are The enemies are being torn apart left right in center until it comes to this point أحمد says that you must separate these two children Imagine what these two children must have been like upon that day When the enemies come and try to split them apart I can imagine that when they were separated محمد being the younger brother must have cried out to his elder brother and said Where are you on my elder brother own For now the enemies are surrounding me Where are you come towards my aid And I can imagine the elder brother calling out towards his younger brother محمد continue to fight Continue to go with perseverance For we will be with you shortly The enemies separate these two young warriors And then they begin to attack them A narration says that the first one to fall is young محمد محمد falls and the enemies begin to leave him in his final moments He calls out to his elder brother own Come to my aid own for your younger brother has fallen upon the plains of Karbala محمد even though he is so young And own they are so young They have such a close bond and relationship with each other The elder own comes towards محمد He lifts the head of محمد and places it within his lap And begins to stroke the head of his younger brother He says oh my dear brother Go towards your grandfather رسول الله Because I will be joining you in a few moments Own continues to fight and he too is struck down At this point what must the camp me have been like How much pain must they have been in like To hear that final call towards Imam al-Hussein Oh Hussein come towards us and aid us in these final moments One story One story teller tells us that in their final moments As they are traversing from this world to the next Husayn ibn Ali comes running out towards the children As he comes towards his own Own tells him oh Hussein Go towards my younger brother محمد When he gets towards محمد He sits with محمد for the final few minutes محمد passes away He returns back to his own but his own has already passed away Own didn't even get those last few minutes With Abab al-Hussein The narration says he brings these two bodies Back towards the camp And the narration tells that their small young bodies Are dragging along the plains of Karabadar At this point all the ladies come out Toward these two children وَا مُحَمَّدَارَ وَا أَلِيَّا وَا حَسَنَارَ What has happened to these two young moons What has happened to them At this point we look around We ask where is Sayyid al-Zaynab Is she greeting the two young Shahada Has she come out to meet her two young sons No the narration tells us she is in that tent You will find her performing sajdah towards Allah الحمد لله رب العدمين Praise be to Allah for having granted me this opportunity But it does not end there for Sayyid al-Zaynab Sayyid al-Zaynab is such a monumental human character That she did not want to mourn her two young children Whilst they were other children of Ahl al-Bayt to be mourned Whilst her brother was to be mourned As she was leaving the plains of Karabadar They are taken between the bodies They are made to walk between the bodies of Qasim And the body of Akbar and where the arms of Abu Fadir al-Abbas Today eventually they get to the point where the body of Hussein Is lying decapitated And the blood is oozing from the body of Hussein Sayyid al-Zaynab falls towards the floor She puts her hands underneath the body And raises it towards the sky إلهي تقبل منه هاد القربان My Lord accept this qurbani from us Sayyid al-Zaynab You didn't even say these words In regards to your two young children Own in Muhammad But even then Even then it does not stop Because when Sayyid al-Zaynab returns back towards Medina She goes back towards Medina And she goes back towards the place of her grandfather Oh grandfather Oh grandfather Did you see what took place to Zaynab? Did you see how they whipped me? Did you see how they beheaded your grandson Hussein? Did you see how they took our belongings? Even then she did not complain to رسول الله About her two children Only when she entered into her house Her husband Abdullah was there at that point in time Oh Zaynab Tell me about Hussein Tell me about Abbas Even then she did not complain about her two young children Only until she entered into that room And she entered into the room of her house She looks up and she sees two small prayer mats Pinned towards the wall At that point she calls out For Own in Muhammad Oh my two children Own in Muhammad Salutations be upon you For having defended my brother Hussein ابن علي ألا لعنة الله يا للغوم الغولمين وسيعلموا الذين ذنموا أيون قلبين قلبون إِنَّا لِلَّا وَإِنَّا إِنَّا إِلَا جِعُونَ مَا تَمِي حُسَينَ


It's the sound of construction that's resonating with residents this weekend. Thanksgiving was a much needed respite for those who are back outside rebuilding and cleaning.  But with tourism season approaching and an estimated $29.4 billion in damages done to New Jersey, there's not much time to spare. The power Superstorm Sandy can still be seen to this day. Take a look behind me, you can see how the rain and wind, and literally the ocean pushed through this living room. Families have had a short holiday this season as they're back to work already to rebuild their homes. Red Cross volunteer John Trucey has been helping victims in the area around the clock, witnessing an unsurpassed amount of destruction. How about a picture of where a thousand mirrors go inside? With extensive water damage, the floors and walls of this house have been ripped out, and the furniture and belongings have been dumped on the curbside. A site not uncommon for others in this neighborhood rebuilding their own homes. I've been working on it like two days. It's my mother-in-law's home. We're just cleaning it up, getting all the debris out to the curb. So as you can see, it'll be three months, four months, guesstimate. As for Point Pleasant in general, it is clear it will take much longer. The boardwalk remains in shambles, park benches still lay in people's backyards, and utility poles are still down. Debris from the storm is quickly piling up in empty lots across the town. Only one shop on this boardwalk is open for business, and people are coming only to see the destruction for themselves. The restoration is a slow but steady process. However, residents and government officials remain hopeful that most of the shore can be restored by this coming summer. For BUTV News, I'm Tiana Bonner.


Previously, risk-bites covered the basics of dose-response and how this helps translate what we know about the potential for something to cause harm to the probability of harm occurring. In a couple of weeks we'll be looking more closely at dose-response relationships, but in between we need to say a few things about models. Talking about models can get tricky. Ask 10 people what a model is and you'll likely get 10 different answers. To some, it's something they'd make out of Lego or modelling clay. Or it could be a scale model of a planned new building.  It could even be a stick figure drawn to illustrate some point. Although what that point is might not always be obvious. And then you've got us scientists. We use the word model in so many different ways that we occasionally get ourselves tied up in linguistic knots. To some scientists a model is a Heath Robinson lash-up that demonstrates some process, the mechanics of walking perhaps. Or it could be a conceptual idea that sheds light on reality. To others a model is a complex mathematical expression that describes something or a computer model that's designed to predict behaviour, such as the weather, or what you're most likely to buy at the grocery store. In some cases even animals are described as models, especially when those animals are used to investigate how the stuff we're exposed to might affect our health. In other words, the word model can mean very different things to different people, and this can lead to some awkward misunderstandings. The good news is that models typically have a couple of basic things in common. Whether you're talking haute couture or climate change, models usually represent something else in a way that offers insight into that something, and allows predictions to be made about how that something will behave under different conditions. Fashion models, for instance, offer insight into designer clothes, and allow predictions on fashion trends. And climate change models provide insight into what influences the climate, and predictions on how it will change in the future. As a result, models are very powerful tools. This is especially so in dose response, where they're used to connect what we are exposed to to how this might affect our health. But models have their limitations. And without understanding these limitations, they can be rather dangerous. Next week's Risk Bites will look more at understanding and working within the limitations of models before diving further into dose response relationships. Until then, stay safe.