It's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards rip in 22 panini mosaic football hobby 3 box break number 4 Pick your team style gonna read off a list of our names and teams Andrew a vikings Brandon T. Browns Brian P. Seahawks Cresty Niners David F. Jeeps Hano be Raiders Jets Harry G. Giants Jeff G. Colts Jim S. Jags Johannes G. Patriots Joshua W. Steelers Martin W. Cardinals Matt R. Chargers Matthew B. Lyons Nathan a Packers Nick M. With the Broncos Noah H. Bears Paul N. Cowboys Paul C. With the football team Paul B Falcons Ray G. Titans Eagles Robert L. Bills Scott T. Saints Buccaneers Rams Sean M. Ravens Panthers Stephen R. Dolphins Todd C. Bangles and Victor F. Texans Good luck here everybody. Let's get this rocking and rolling Can't wait to take a nap Me too. But we got mosaic break. So That's exciting Mike Willis rookie There's Terry McLauren mosaic silver Devon Lloyd rookie for the Jags, and I got logged out on Desmond Ritter introductions Phil Sims in it to win it once that guys today Friday. Oh, whoops That's a honeycomb Honeycomb coming up my be a rookie Johan Dotson see this is a debut right here. It's a very tiny right you can see it right above the name Joel Batonio Jeremy Rucker Romeo Dobbs Cooper cup mosaic Red is Isaac Bruce we got honeycomb of Terry Bradshaw very cool going to the Steelers Congrats Pittsburgh. Nice one there. That's very cool We'll take that nice honeycomb throw that in the recap and Rogers silver Josh Allen Be a nice New Year's gift But Edwards a lair chiefs red Malcolm Rodriguez Blue chips Johan Dotson swagger Dalvin Cook Alvin Austin, Tyler Gordon Kishan Johnson silver Jeffrey Simmons Stair masters silver Derek Henry. There's Chris Carson Red Aaron Jones Stair masters brady razzle dazzle case hit going to the Colts gonna be Jonathan Taylor Congrats on that indie Colts is Indianapolis is Jeff G. Congrats Jeff There's your brand new case hit this year. Just keep grinding crazy keep grinding man I don't think so Randy. We pulled a Harrison Bucker white auto Cam Thomas trust in the ebner. We've got auto Justin Jefferson Nice not number going to the Vikings. Grats on that silver Jair Joe Burrow John Dotson Trent McDuff. You got a gold coming up here Jalen Jalen Naylor gold sauce gardener of 10. There we go jets See one. Yeah, Hano B There we go, man. That's awesome sauce gardener We'll take that nice gold Get that magged up man great break so far, dude Case hit now a gold sauce Leek Willis debut rookie Sam Howell silver George Pickens Silver Tony Gonzalez overdrive. Yeah, exactly Randy. Yeah, it was just because it was an I'm some sure Aaron Jones Redemption for everything Desmond Ritter David Bell boy a mafia is Warren moon mosaic silver Antonio Gates Montage Herbert and Drake London mosaic blue chips the Falcons There's Jeremy Rocker base auto for the Jets nice one there, New York It's just some gravy there, Hano Mike Dicca red Mac Jones blue chips County Pickett met a mastery Devonte Adams Good box right there. There were two Another gold. Yeah, I think another gold or maybe it might be either a gold or a blue David a job. Oh now it's a blue. I believe Kenneth Walker, yeah blue Cameron Hayward gold because it's a Steelers colors to 99 nice one there Steelers Dan Marino and Center stage Dan Marino Skipper Ottawa Pascale and Kyle Phillips that DK mosaic silver Mike Kisicki Todd Zach Wilson little Sims Charlie Kolar Yonte Johnson silver Travis Kelsey and Montage Zach Wilson top Jeremy Hey, do a man. There's Kevin Harris for the Patriots on the mosaic auto red not numbered Devin DuBernet Eli Mitchell red Drake London and Travis Kelsey in Hutchinson George Carl Aftis Bailey zappy nice one there on the mosaic silver James Cook rookie for the bills CD lamb and center stage Kurt Warner mosaic not numbered Gotcha. Gotcha. You got it Jeremy sauce Gardner That Prescott the debut ushers the true gold red George Carl Aftis straight fire Tom Brady mosaic I Kind of like it because it was a little obnoxious how big the debut I agree So I've had much much prefer this one Daxon Hill bangles silver Darius Leonard this year's national pride is Whether it's have like a little There is busted glass mosaics storm chasers and razzle dazzle are all case hits Donnie Woods, there's Zeke Elliott red Josh Allen Russell Wilson met a mastery Thank you Yeah, the mosaics are not Or not what they're not they're pretty bad AJ Terrell. Yeah, absolutely Lamar Brady and James and Williams rookie got redemption is George Pickens rookie autographs mosaic red going to the Steelers that will not be numbered Jalen Ramsey Silver DJ more go into the Steelers. Yes, it is. Yeah, the one-on-ones out of here is very difficult The black one-on-ones are extremely hard to pull Bailey zappy Daxon Hill there's Zeke Elliott. We have some tonight to Virgo Zeke Elliott red John L. What can he pick it? Silver blue chips Jahan Dawson. Yeah, we have ten cases tonight ten cases tomorrow of transcendent random hit style There you go Randy and AJ Terrell Joe name it silver Traylon Burks Metamastry silver Tom Brady first case starts at 5 p.m. Eastern time again, that is Assuming that it is full at that point There's a chance it, you know might not be But we are down to nine spots to go on the first one nine spots to go Pickens there's chase young mosaic red Matt Ryan Tom Brady Blue montage Justin Jefferson to 99 Gotcha BBL Here is your break schedule. We have ten like I said ten cases going so Honestly, there's spots in all of them So if there's a certain number you like certain case you want to join go ahead Then like I said, we've got ten of them going tomorrow as well There's sauce gardener on the rookie auto this time unbelievable dude going to Jets Jets had killing it right now man cam Jordan George Kittle base week Willis debut sauce is all over this break, dude Blue workshop Bateman for the Ravens to 99 Silver Jalen at nailer Our Eli Manning on the center stage silver Johnson. There's Dak Prescott Got white the Andre Hopkins to 25 10 out of 25 Jersey number nice one there Martin with the cardinals And you March ace swagger Yeah, honestly Yeah, I'd say so dog Lincoln bio for if you want to purchase the sealed wax We do have a ton of boxes available in stock late in sports cards calm. You've got Danny Gray rookie auto for the Niners nice one there Christian Kirk and Kichon Johnson there's Brian Brian cook for the chief Silver Tom Brady Super Bowl and Justin Jefferson learning me tonsil for the Texans red Jermaine Johnson the second going to the Jets on the rookie and Center stage mosaic Eli Manning Giants. There's Keontae Ingram for the Cardinals silver Johnson Taylor then a mastery Jonathan Taylor and Matt Stafford straight fire I'll do for the break guys do a quick recap here We had Danny Gray Niners George Pickens Steelers Kevin Harris Patriots Justin Jefferson Vikings Jeremy Rocker Jets Honeycomb not numbered super short print is Terry Bradshaw had razzle dazzle case hit is Colts and Gold to 10 sauce Gardner the Jets that'll do it for the break guys Thanks again for the fill next up number five


What's up everyone? It's your girl, Kenty here from Leighton Sports Cards and I'm ripping Brando released today of 2021 Panini Donores Optic Football Hobby Six Box Half Case Break Number 9 Random Divisions. Again, here's a look at the random results. You can always find this at leightonsportscards.com underneath the results tab. Link is also in chat for you. All right, best of luck, everybody. Here we go. Last break of the daytime. Four shall be live again, starting at five. We also have some national breaks that are posted up on the site. It's got its own tab under leightonsportscards.com under national breaks. I am Bradley. I will be there. Super excited. We've got legendary logos of Derek Carr, AFC West. Devonte Smith. We've got Kenan Allen on the orange to $1.99. John Slater, Peyton Manning Hollow. We've got Aqua of Curtis Samuel out of $2.99. NFC East. Going to Idaho instead. Kellen Mann ready to rookie on three cards in that. That's good to spend time with family, though, too, Brad. We've got Cisco rookie. There's Marshall Jr. Have a little Joey B on the Aqua to $2.99. AFC Norik. That sounds like fun. Nick Bolton. We've got Silver Circles to $1.25. Jared Patterson, NFC East. What's up, Shane? Ruth Robertsonian Hollow. Yeah, that sounds very relaxing. We've got Mythical of Stefan Diggs. Short print. There you go, Bills. AFC East. Nice one there. He's got him. AFC East. David G with the short prints. Davis, the rookies. Cornell Powell, AFC West. Peyton Turner. We've got Red Alvin Camaritan, $1.99. NFC South. Rhonda Moore. We've got Lyme Green, Darnell Looney. NFC North to $3.35 for the Bears. Little Secor Moa. How about a Mack Jones Hollow? Boom. AFC East again. David G. CNRPA. Haven't seen one yet today. Just a patch on O'Berry Sanders. JC Horne, Rising Suns. Packs in this box, man. Reverend Jordan, only three in that pack as well. Sam Allinger. We've got Chris Evans on the Blue to $1.79. AFC North. Justin Fields, Raider Rookie. Aqua Elijah Molden to $2.99. AFC South. Warner Miners. We've got 2-1-25. Hollow, Raider Rookie Auto. Amon Ross, St. Brown. NFC North. Jesus T with the first auto. This one feels like it's got two in that one. 2-2. Two in this one too. Wiggy Badsham and My House, Aaron Rodgers. Doesn't it, Shane? Stevenson. We've got Lyme Green, Camry, Hunt, AFC North. $35. Javonte Williams. We've got Orange, Kilomac. NFC North, $1.99. Oh, Raider Rookie, Kylin Hill. NFC North. Josh Palmer, Raider Rookie. Real Cox. We've got the Rookies, Justin Fields. NFC North. NFC North, starting to heat up here. Hey, Zeus. Felipe Franks, Global of Santos. Hollow. NFC North. Rodgers. We've got Quinn Minerts on the Aqua to $2.99. Broncos. NFC West. We've got Pink Velocity of Jalen Darden to $79. NFC South. Kitties. Cunningham Hollow. Baximi Pajoco. Taylor Amir Smith-Marcent. Shelley, we've got Legendary Logos. Javonte Williams-Rookie. Another nice hit there. AFC West. Mayfield, Amonra. Sean Wright. Dominators. Stefan Diggs. What's funny, Bradley? Roundtree. Micah Sickie to $2.99. AFC East. ETN. We've got Kurt Warner on the Silver Circles to $125. NFC West. That's a crazy chance. A lot of hats. Honey Badger Hollow there. PS2. Aqua, DJ Moore to $2.99. Zach Wilson, Raider Rookie. Got Blue. Tylen Wallace to $1.79. AFC North. Last box, box two. We've got RPA or a patch auto. Let me not do that. This is the last time I pulled the Barry Sanders. We've got a Kellan Mon, Amir Smith-Marcent to $25. Dual. Rookie Auto. Boom. NFC North. Jesus Tee on the first dual auto of the day. Heck yeah. Sweet hits. We'll mag that. Great way to end box two. Motherwood. We've got Brett Favre on the Silver Circles to $125. NFC North. Sermon. We've got Trey McKitty on the Black Pandora Raider Rookie to $25. AFC West. All right, long. Devontae Smith. Raided Rookie Hollow. There you go. NFC East. Jacob Harris. Got something coming up. Jake Funk. Gold. Gifted. Rookie's Kyle Pitt. Boom. NFC South. There you go. Eight out of ten jersey number. I love gold. NFC South. Raquel B. Heck yeah. We'll mag that one. Nice. Only, I think, the second gold insert of the day. We've got Kaderious Tony. Orange 199 Mark Burnell. We had the Jalen Hertz on the Legendary Logo that we had gold. Other than that, not too many gold inserts. We've got Aqua Blake Martinez to $2.99. Hollow, A.J. Brown. Mara Kelvin-Joseph. Got Jalen Waddle. Red Hot Rookie's Hollow of Trey Lance. Go NFC West. Russo. Orange Jalen Hertz to $1.99. NFC East. Kyle Pitt. Aqua Shai Smith on the Aqua Raider Rookie out of $2.99. Panthers. NFC South. Jalen Darden. We've got to $50. Raider Rookie on the Pink Velocity. Semi Fahoko. NFC East. Burrow, Elijah Mitchell. Got gold. Gold. Retro series. Joe Thysman. There you go. NFC East. As I say, we haven't pulled a lot of gold inserts. Can pull another one. That is 10 out of 10 bookends. Nice hit. NFC East. Got Jamar Chase. Red Raider Rookie. Ramandre Stevenson. There you go. AFC East to $2.99. Steven Collins. Blue. Shane Buccelli out of $1.79. AFC West. Donnie Brown. Cole Beasley Hollow. There's Winston Chester Ratz. Ramandre Stevenson. And Trey Lance on the Elite Series Rookies. All right. Box four. Got T-Law. Nice rookie base there. AFC South. Kenneth Gainwell in Silver Circle to $1.25. NFC East. They'll be open on stream if you order it as a personal. Kyle Pitts. Got Givante Williams on the Aqua to $2.99. AFC West. Personals break after group break. So they'll start tonight around midnight with four saffron. Grant Nelson Aguilore on Loserrique. Got Ian Book. Ian Book. Gridiron Kings. Yeah, sure thing. Yeah, they're rips on live stream and then also uploaded to YouTube. We've got Alvin Camarita, 50 NFC South. Alvin Joseph. Blue to $1.79. DK Metcalf. NFC West. Got Waddle. Got Raider Rookie. Elijah Veritucker to $50 on the Holo Auto. Veritucker. AFC East. Leatherwood. Trey Sermon. Got Ice Global of Chuba Hufford for the Panthers to $15. There you go. NFC South. $7 of $15 on that one. Stokes. We've got Lyme Green to $35. Skridge for the NFC West. Sam's Boy. That's a sick color match for the Seahawks, too. That's nasty. Kyle Trask. Orange. Hunter Renfro to $199. AFC West. Lynn Joe Mixon Hollow. AFC North. Yeah, I love the Neon Green. Chuba Hubbard. Lemme Trumble. Retro Series. Charles Woodson Hollow. AFC West. Gainwell. Silver Circles to $125. Marquise Brown. NFC. AFC North. Sorry. No, not at all, Bradley. Got Red to $99. Sam Darnold. NFC South. Just so green. Got Khalil Herbert on the Holo Raider Rookie. NFC North. Kidarius Tony. Last Pack. Box 4. Ritchie Grant. An Elite Series Rookie. Black Pandora. Justin Fields. Boom. Moose Tea. This looked to be maybe like a print line straight above his shoulder. It doesn't go all the way down. I will send a box here with the NFC North. Beautiful fields, though. That is 17 out of 25. All right, that will do it for box 4. Big Star, I don't know. Winston Tramon Kitty Rookie. Not the same one. Got a Najee Harris Hollow. First one of the day there. AFC North. There goes Steelers. Got PS2. Silver Circles to $125. Joe Montana. Zach Wilson Rookie. We've got Blue to $179. Jermaine Pratt's. AFC North. We've got Redemption. Good luck, everybody. We've got Justin Fields. Elite Series Rookie Auto. NFC North again. Boom. Hey, Zeus, having a beautiful break. There you go. Well, that's a second or third field of the day. NFC North there. Old Maggot. Redemption for you. Parsons. The Rookies. Kyle Pitts. Tray Lance. Nice one there. It got Aqueduct 2.99. Vera Tucker. AFC East. Rogers. Shai Smith to $99. NFC South. Nico Collins. Dalvin Cook Hollow. Farrell. Chase Edmonds Hollow. Simeca Hogo. Lefe Franks. Red Hot Rookies of Kyle Trask. NFC South. Got Blue. Tray Lance to $175. NFC West. Boom. Garrett S. Nice Lance. That is $60 out of $179. Maggot. Chaunce Williams. Aqua Debo to $299. NFC West. Bill Cox. We've got Rising Sun of Jalen Rieger. NFC East. And Smith Marseille. Retro Hollow of Troy Aikman. NFC East. Shelly. Got Tommy Trembl on the Orange to $199. NFC South. Very Roundtree. Aqua to $299. Saquon. NFC East. All right. Last box of the day breaks, everybody. Again, Force will be live in just over an hour. With some more group breaks tonight. All of his optic football breaks are filled. Just baseball and basketball left for breaks tonight. Got more optic. You have to wait till tomorrow night with Caleb, if those aren't already filled. We've got Aqua to $299. Carson Wentz. AFC South. Feels like I have like two cards in it. Three. Elijah Molden. Come on, let's see a downtown. Dauphay. Dauphay, O.A. Rader-Rookie. Elijah Moore. White Hot Rookies. Travis E.T.N. Jr. AFC South. Elijah Laurie Orange. T. White Hilton to $199. Michael Collins. We've got Nishon Wright. Aqua to $299. NFC East. Girl, Elijah Barrett Tucker Hollow. NFC East. AFC East, sorry. Ryan Micah Parsons. NFC East. Got Shray Lance Base Rookie. NFC West. We've got Black Pandora Monrocy Brown Gridiron Kings. There you go. NFC North. That is one out of 25. First printed there. Roger's Red. Jim Kelly, little off-color match there for the Bills. AFC East. Ellinger, Michael Strayhan Hollow. We've got a Justin Fields Rookie Base. NFC North. Mine is Elijah Moore. 2-2. Aqua to $299. Jalen Rieger. NFC North. Or NFC East. Basham. Dion Jones. We've got Silver Circles to Force Buckner to $125. AFC South. Sprint. We've got Ice. Dion Jones for the Falcons. Dion Jones. NFC South to $15 on that one. Simeon Fajoco. We've got to $125. Hollow. Rated Rookie Auto. Mack Jones. Boom. 2-2 of $125. Wait for the last two breaks of the daytime to pull some Mack Daddy Autos. There you go. On card for this one too. Congrats. We will mag that for you. Beautiful head. Leape Franks. Orchid Stevenson. And a last pack of the daytime. Then we'll do a quick recap here. Chavonte Williams and Blue. Scary Terry to $175. NFC East. Let's do a recap of the color and autos here first. Jalen Rieger. JC Horne. Kareem Hunt. Darnell Mooney. Dion Jones. Joe Thysman. Gold. Javonte Williams. Nishan Wright. De Vera Tucker. Shai Smith. Quinn Minerts. Elijah Molden. Tommy Trembles. Shane Buchelli. Tylen Wallace. Chris Evans. Kenneth Gainwell. Jarrett Patterson. Shai Smith. Ramon Dre Stevenson. Jalen Darden. Dwayne Eskridge. Amanra St. Brown. Trey McKinney. Chuba Hubbard. Our autos. Hollow Amanra St. Brown. NFC North. We had the Elijah Vera Tucker Hollow. AFC East. The Simi Fajoco Rated Rookie on the Pink Velocity NFC East. Our max cards here. We had the Justin Field Redemption NFC North. Hollow Rated Rookie Auto. Mack Jones. AFC East. The Dual Auto. Kellen Mon Amir Smith Marseille NFC North. Mythical Short Print. Stefan Diggs. AFC East. We had the Hollow Mack Jones for the NFC East. Blue to $175. Trey Lance. NFC West. Elite Series Rookies on the Black Pandora NFC North 25. And then the Gold Gifted Rookie's Jersey Number 8 of 10. Kyle Pitts NFC South. Alright everyone, that will do it for the daytime breaks. Thanks again for all the fills. We've got more group breaks coming up later tonight.


How tall is AJ Brown? I'm definitely six foot and a half, but I'm I say six two What is AJ Brown favorite food? My favorite food is pizza. If I see pizza on the magazine or anything, I definitely have to eat it that day It's that serious with me The AJ Brown play basketball Yes, I play basketball still remember the game winner in the ninth grade Does AJ Brown have kids? Yes, I have a little girl Jersey, no way around she's my world


Hello everyone, welcome to the lecture series on 2D transformation that is 2D scaling. At the end of this session, the students will be able to define 2D scaling, represent 2D scaling matrix, solve problems based on 2D scaling in computer graphic. In the previous video lectures, we have discussed about 2D translation, two-dimensional rotation. However, in this video, I will be focusing on two-dimensional scaling in computer graphic, how to represent a scaling matrix using the scaling factor. Also, we will be seeing the representation of scaling matrix using homogeneous coordinate. And finally, we will conclude the video by solving some practice problem based on 2D scaling. In computer graphic, transformation is a process of modifying and repositioning the existing graphic. When this transformation takes place on a two-dimensional plane, it is called as 2D transformation, whereas when it takes place in three-dimension plane, it is called as 3D transformation. We see that transformation in computer graphics are broadly classified as translation, rotation, scaling, reflection and shear. In this video, we focus on scaling. Scaling is a process of modifying or altering the size of the object. I say once again, in scaling, there is modifying or alteration of the original size of the object, means what scaling may be used to increase or reduce the size of the object. Scaling subjects the coordinate points of the original object to a change. As you can see in the diagram, this is a square which is applied the scaling transformation on applying the scaling transformation. You can see there is a change in the dimension, that is change in the positive aspect, that is increase in the size of the original object. So this is called as scaling, that is there is a modification. However, we must note here when there is a modification, the square remains a square. It doesn't change to a circle. So these are called as rigid body transformation. On applying alteration or modification, the object preserves its original identity. Scaling factor determines whether the object size is to be increased or reduced. What do I mean by this? By this, if the scaling factor is greater than 1, then the object size is increased. If at all, if the scaling factor is less than 1, then the object size is reduced. So we say that the scaling factor determines whether the object size is to be increased or reduced. Now consider a point, object O, that has to be scaled in a two-dimensional plane. Let the initial coordinates of the object O be x-old and y-old. The scaling factors for x-axis is equal to sx and the scaling factor for y-axis is equal to sy. Thus, the new coordinates of the object O after scaling is equal to x-new and y-new. So as we have seen here, whenever we want to scale a particular object that is a graphic primitive, may be a circle, a square, a polygon, what is important, the scaling factor in x and y direction and what is the scaling size, okay? Now we see that for homogeneous coordinates, we have the representation matrix for scaling as a 3x3 matrix given as x-new, y-new, 1 is equal to sx00, 0sy0, 001 into x-old, y-old, 1. This is the way we represent the scaling for a given object. We simplify it using homogeneous coordinates so that it becomes convenient for us to operate or calculate a given object or a polygon. Now as you have seen the concept of scaling, it actually alters the original object, the dimensions in x and y direction. We have seen how to represent a scaling matrix using homogeneous coordinates. We now solve a practice problem based on 2D scaling. The problem is given a square with object coordinates point a, b, c, d that is a03, b33, c30, b00, apply scaling parameter 2 towards x-axis and 3 towards y-axis, obtain the new coordinates of the object. So what do we understand here that given an object that is abcd, okay, it is a square or a polygon you can say because it is not having uniform coordinates, here you have to apply the scaling parameter 2 in the x-axis and 3 using y-axis. So we solve the problem now. So the given older corner coordinates of the square are a03, d33, c30, d00, the scaling factor along x-axis is 2 and the scaling factor along y-axis is 3. Now using the stepwise approach for every coordinate we apply the formula. Let the new coordinates for corner a after scaling means what for each coordinates we are going to apply the scaling formula and then we are going to get the scaled answer for the square abcd that is the coordinates of the corner a after scaling will be x-nu and y-nu. So after applying the scaling equations we have x-nu is equal to x-old into sx that is 0 into 2 whereas that is gives you 0 whereas y-nu is equal to y-old into sx is equal to 3 into 3 that is 9 thus the new coordinates of corner a after scaling turn out to be 09. Now for the next coordinate b that is 3, 3. So the new coordinates for corner b after scaling are x-nu, y-nu. After applying the scaling equations we have x-nu is equal to x-old into sx that is 3 into 2 because 2 is the scaling factor in x direction we obtain 6 whereas y-nu is equal to y-old into sy that is 3 into 3 is equal to 9 thus the new coordinates of corner b after scaling is equal to 6, 9. Now for coordinate c we get 3, 0 so the new coordinates for corner c after scaling are x-nu, y-nu after applying scaling equations we have x-nu is equal to x-old into sx is equal to 3 into 2 that is 6, y-nu is equal to y-old into sy is equal to 0 into 3 is equal to 0 thus the new coordinates of corner c after scaling is equal to 6, 0. Now we go for the last coordinate that is 0, 0 so after applying the scaling equations we have x-nu is equal to s-old into xx that is 0 into 2, y-nu is equal to y-old into sy that is 0 into 3 that is 0, 0 thus the new coordinates of the corner d after scaling are 0, 0. Now we see that the new coordinates of the square after scaling a, z, r, a, 0, 9, b, 6, 9, c is equal to 0, 6, 0 and d is equal to 0. You can see in the given diagram over here this was the original square after scaling using 2 along the x-axis and 3 along the y-axis we have obtained this scaled square a, b, c, d with this new values. I hope by now you have understood the concept of 2D scaling how to represent a 2D scaling matrix using homogeneous coordinates and how to solve a problem. So I now request you all to pause the video for some time and answer this problem. A square object with coordinates point p, 1, 4, q, 4, 4, r, 4, 1 and t, 1, 1 is given. Apply the scaling factor 3 on x-axis and 4 on y-axis. Find out the new coordinates for the square. Once again pause the video, reflect on the formula and the concept and solve the given question. Thus the new coordinates on solving for the square after scaling are you can see over here p is equal to 3, 16, q is equal to 12, 16, r is equal to 12, 4, s is equal to 3, 4. So this was the diagram before scaling and this is what we have obtained p dash, q dash, r dash, s dash after scaling in the respective directions using scaling factor 3 in x direction and 4 using y direction that is y-axis. So these are the references. Thank you for your patient listening.


Never mind these excuses that we tell ourselves that we can't control what we think. When the scripture commands us to fix our thoughts, it's assuming that that's possible. Never mind our excuses when we say things like, well, that's just a thought that keeps coming to my mind. I can't do anything about it. Or I can't change the way I think. Or I can't do anything about the way I was raised and how it formed my mind. No, my friend, the scripture tells you, fix your thoughts. You choose what you think.  So you choose your thoughts. Even if it doesn't feel like that, even it may not always seem like that, you choose your thoughts. Fix your thoughts, the Bible says.


This research review discusses the current status and potential of pyrolysis technology for converting biomass into biofuels, biooil, biochar, and biogas through pyrolysis technology. The study highlights the socioeconomic advantages and efficiency of this conversion method compared to other thermochemical conversion technologies. However, challenges such as understanding the trade-off between plant size and feedstock, improving reactor reliability, and economics of biofuel production remain. Further research is needed to address these issues and improve the practical application of pyrolysis technology for commercial biofuel production. This article was authored by Ashfaq Ahmed Chowdhury, Nunja Paswat, Muhammad G. Rasool, and others.


You guys, we're almost to 250 likes. We are so close. If you want to see what I've got behind the curtain, I mean, you guys, I don't know if you know, this is a curtain. I mean, whoa. If you want to see what's back there, I mean, I could show you, but I mean, we're going to have to hit that 250 like mark. Come on. You can do it. We're close. I'm watching the likes right now. We still only have 12 dislikes. So I mean, none of our Australian viewers have hit like in addition to the original 12, but we are nonetheless, we're always glad no matter where you're watching from. And folks, we've got a podcast. Did you know that for real? We do have a podcast. We're at 240 likes. We're closer. We are so close, you guys. We're totally going to get there. You've been waiting. We've got 242 likes or even closer. We jumped up by another two. Only eight away. You guys, I'm sure there are eight people out there. Oh, now it's 243. We jumped another one. We can make us. We can make this. We can get there. Lamb Shepherd, thanks for coming by. I says this is extortion. What is it? Where is it? I just saw as hard soft gen. Thanks for coming by. So thanks so much for these debates, James. They're wonderful and you're an awesome moderator. Thanks for your kind words. Seriously, that really does mean a lot. And LTD, thanks for your kind words as well. CD Marie Jones says, yay, please smash the like button. And it is true. The like button is waiting to be smashed. Smash it good and hard. Torodio Zeus. Thanks for coming by. Change their dislike to a like. That is kind of you. Bless your heart. We're 246 now. Amazing. You guys, we're so close. Ron Nakedness says, isn't Pascal's wager the predecessor to data science? Well, like Bayes theorem, which is like Bayesian statistics, which in my field, we sometimes use Bayesian stats. I don't personally, I'd never have, but it is becoming more popular in our field. Did originate from ultimately, if you traced it far back enough, that Pascal and arguably Pascal's wager, like in its, in a way, like the contemporary versions of it, you can see like the more, now you can see the Bayesian elements of them. Pascal's wager in and of itself was a lot more kind of crude. But nonetheless, like, yeah, there's kind of an argument to be made that Pascal's wager is like the early roots of Bayes theorem. Bayesian statistics is like, it's obviously further down the line, but we're at 248 likes. You guys, we can do this. We are so close. 247. Someone took their like back seriously. Don't make me come through the screen. Okay. We are so close. It's going to happen. Total cockout. Did you hit the like button? I see you there in chat. It's good to see you by the way. 249 who wants to be the 250th. Amazing. We just hit 250. All right.   So this is my sweet office. I actually, I do these streams in my office. So let me show you the guy here. This is a industrial psychology textbook. So I go through this to make sure that in case there's any important papers that I've missed in the field that I like know of them. So this textbook, you know, I look at their citations. This is org psych. So this is like the other half of my field, roughly speaking, of industrial organizational psychology. Walter Pearl, good to see you there in the old chat. Thanks for saying hello. Those are cool books. I mean, they're actually pretty good. One of them was written by one of my professors. She's tremendous. And also, though, not just because they're written by my professor, but I enjoy the content. Like I like learning. I enjoy reading. This is a knife from a friend. I don't know. Can you say the word knife on YouTube? It's just a little cold steel knife, but it's it's so sharp. It's a tremendous knife. And I'm so thankful for it because I used to have like the worst, like unsharp knife in my friend, Matthew got it for me. So Matthew, he pops in the chat once in a while. So Matthew, if you ever see this, want to say thank you, Matthew. And I got that back when I lived in Nacogdoches, Texas. And then amazing. I've shown you this before. You know what this is, right? Right? Tell me. Let me know if you know. You guys remember this? Kryptonite bike lock. I still haven't used it. It's just too big and clunky. And it dangles and it makes noises while it clangs against the bicycle. Not my ideal. So if anybody wants to buy this, let me know. And stop having sets on a wedlock. And then let's see here. We've got some like papers and stuff.  That's great. Willmar Castro, you're really close. It's my thank you journal. So I have like a journal that I write all the things I'm thankful for. And the scientific evidence from positive psychology shows that definitely does actually make a difference. In terms of your mood and just kind of your, you could say attitude or, but you're like, I drink, I make my coffee at home good for you. But do you take caffeine and pill form? Because that is the next level of frugal. Nobody's more frugal than me. Believe me. You might be thinking, James, where did you get that beautiful blazer? I just can't take my eyes off of it. Thank you. I got it at goodwill. Five dollars. Don't buy a blazer for anything more than five dollars at goodwill. And I'm being serious. You guys think I'm joking, but I'm serious. I've gotten like these kind of nice, beautiful like tan blazers. I've gotten a, what is the name of that? The style or the pattern? Houndstooth, I think it is.  I've also gotten my gray one that I've got right over there. Believe me. Tremendous deals. But I've done the math. You might like caffeine. And if you do, that's great. I'm glad you do. However, you can buy a cup of coffee at, let's say here in Colorado, you know, we've got all like the hippies and stuff.  Behind their shop or something. And they're like, oh, it was a $9 cup of coffee. That's something that Sarah would probably buy. We're not suckers though, folks.  No, no, no. You're like, oh, I see, you make it at home. I think if I did the math right, it's like 14 cents a cup of coffee that you make at home. It kind of adds up. One of these pills is about four cents. That's worth two cups of coffee. So believe me, it works. Waste not want not. Have you ever heard that phrase, Sarah? Now you have. You're welcome. So, oh man, I seriously, I love you guys.  It's like teasing my little sister.  So perpetually annoyed. Thanks for being here. Jason Torn. Good to see you. But yeah, thanks for all your support. You guys pumped. We're at 261 likes. Amazing. So thanks everybody for all your love and support. Seriously. I love you guys.  I am excited. You guys, it honestly just, it is a blast for me. You guys make it fun here. So, Louis Giles, thanks for your kind words. Excuse me. Appreciate you guys. I will see you tomorrow. I'm going to be moderating tomorrow. It's going to be a fun one. I'm excited about it. You guys don't want to miss it. You really don't. I'm pumped. It's going to be high level. High octane. It's going to be tremendous. We'll see you there. Thanks everybody. Have a great night. Amazing. Isn't that amazing?


Okay, nice one. I'll start reading the antitrust policy of the Linux foundation. Linux foundation meetings involve participation by industry competitors, and it's the intention of the Linux foundation to conduct all of its activities in accordance with applicable antitrust and competition laws. It is therefore extremely important that these deeds missing genders and be aware of and not participate in any activities that are previously under applicable US state federal for foreign antitrust and competition laws. Examples of types of actions that prohibits it at Linux foundation meetings and in connection with Linux foundation activities are describing limits foundation and trust policy. If you have questions about these matters, please contact your account company council, or if you are a member of Linux foundation, feel free to contact entry of the growth of the firm of gas mirror of the growth, which provides legal counsel to the Linux foundation. Hyperledger is committed to creating safe and welcoming community for more information, please visit our hyperledger code of conduct. So welcome everybody. And it's my pleasure to introduce you to an idiot, namely in the person of good, not Colin and Lars Hansen for me is like going back to the roots today because they are both Swedish and I've been working for a Swedish company for a long time. So it's my pleasure to release base for them to introduce their solution and to see an interaction with DLT's and hyperledger solutions. You know, would you like to start first or loss. Yeah, hi everyone so really, really happy to be here. Thank you Andrea we are we are chopped that that we were invited to this session. So really happy about that. Before I dig into them to the meat and potato here, maybe we should do a quick update on who we are and maybe you would like to start. Is that okay. Yeah. I'm sorry for this sorry about this large but I think it would be good. Yes, so people know you when we have questions and all this little bit. Thank you. Yeah. No worries. I think we are recovering bankers as we like to say, and I have a long banking banking background and approaching retirement to be quite honest, but I'm not going to retire because this is too much fun. I did electronic banking in the 80s and to be quite honest, functionally, not a lot of things have happened. We could actually do things that we are doing today on the internet with large corporates, the services for their in the 80s. The only area today and then that was not digitized was negotiable instruments and documents of title. This is a pain point that I experienced when I was deputy head of risk on group lovely in SAP. So I ended up doing cash management and ended my career in banking being one of those corporate guys who provided the biggest line in history. I'm here for hello I'm from headquarters. I'm here to help you. Not always true, according to the business. So, and I'm going to go and I will colleagues. And so I am, I, what I, my contribution is this is was really to specify the requirements for a negotiable instrument or a document of title in a digital environment. That's my background. And yes, so so large and I we we we've been working together previously and it's really good to be to be working for it need you now. I would I would like to run through through a few slides so we all understand what's going on here and once I've done that I think we should have an open discussion and questions and answers, because I think that might be the case. So, just building a little bit on what what large said so we at the need you we are not only sort of recovering bankers we we have sort of tech guys and, and maybe more importantly, sort of people are really engaged and were really really deep in archiving and especially digital archiving. When I first came across these guys, I thought that they were really, really pointy heads and they were really focusing on things that might not be that important but I have actually changed my mind. It's really, really important, especially these days when when when you work with sort of digital data that you know what you're doing and making sure that you can keep sort of your data safe and you will be able sort of to to manage it and and retrieve it in in in a really good way. And this sort of competence around this and also very, very much knowledge around around tech and cryptography, and then later on combined with sort of knowledge about how a bank works has actually made this company come alive and and this is this is the reason why we have this very, very particular solution that I will get back to you in a minute. So in slides you should all also sort of emphasis so the current problem. And obviously, we all know this because we are all into trade finance that there are so many things that needs to be fixed. There are too many paper documents flying around the globe. And there it's very, very cumbersome with today's processes to to interact and to exchange data. And if that wasn't sort of enough. There is also a lot of fraud and and sort of suspicious activities and and money laundering activities going on that you need sort of to to be able to manage and and and cope with and and all of this has obviously all come together during these horrible coven 19 times. So, so a lot of things we need to fix and and a lot of initiatives going on out there. But as Andrea said maybe maybe it's time to go back a little bit to basics and this is this is what what I would like to do. And as I mentioned we are, we are into archiving we're into tech we're into banking. And if you think about it a paper document is a really good standard. And I think this has been somewhat forgotten, because these days, everyone is is trying desperately to scrape off anything that is written on a document and put that data into a computer system or a blockchain and then have everyone sort of going on to the same system and starting sort of interchanging that data between themselves. And it seems like we all forgotten that sort of the sheet of paper actually represents something in itself. And this is this is really the core of what we're doing at the need you we are, we are, we don't really care about what people are sort of having what kind of information or data they they're dealing with we are more concerned with how do you actually replicate the awesome standard of the paper sheet into the digital world. Because as I mentioned, people seem to have forgotten about about the fact that that that the paper actually represents very in very important things. And this is this is what we are all about we're all about sort of creating things that behave and act exactly the same way as a paper does in in the physical world and replicating that into the digital world. That is not trivial though, because you have to be very careful and and there are solutions out there but from what we have seen sort of a scanned image is not good enough, it's not a good way of digitizing sort of a paper document. There are really good PDF solutions or a PDF solutions out there you can make them really safe and secure but but there are a few things that you actually cannot do with the PDF. And these are the things that we have worked on, and these are the things that we have actually solved so so there are, in my mind, seven key functions of our solution that sort of sets us apart to everything else that that is available and and that is out there So the first thing is is really being able to distinguish the original from from a copy. And as Lars mentioned, this might not not be a very important in in many cases, but but in some cases it's crucial, and especially in trade finance when when when you deal with bills of exchange promissory notes warehouse receipts or even bills of lading. Which you know, if you are in possession of the original or if you only have a copy, and that copy might be very secure and very safe but if you can have a billion of them, they are not very valuable for for creating bills of exchange for instance so so this is the first thing that we set out to solve. The second thing is is all around possession and and I usually say this that you all you all have a lot of papers lying around and you know that you own those pieces of paper and you know what's written on them. And this is also very important in the digital world that you know that you are in control of the original and that you are in control over the content that is actually written in this original so it's not stored somewhere else so it's stored actually in the document and and that you can own it. And you know that you are in possession of it and no one else. Furthermore, transfer ability is also really key so having sort of created a digital original it's not much worth if you cannot sort of transfer that original from one person or one entity to another one so you need to be able to transfer the one original to a new party. And once you've done that this new party needs to be able to continue to manage and work with the document and write whatever they want on it or add a signature or add an appendix or anything. So this is really key so the document cannot be stale it needs to be dynamic, but it needs to be sort of open for new content only for the one that is actually in possession of the of the one original. I think also it's important to mention that that our solution was really created in order to comply with current laws and legislation provided that they are technology neutral. And therefore you also need to be able to stand in front of a court of law and be able to say that I'm in possession of the one original and you need to be able to prove that. The document also needs not only to be distinguished your original from the copy be able to prove that you're in possession of the one original transfer it to a new party, but you also need to be able to present this and prove that this is the case. So these are four key features of our solution and if you think about it. Once again, these are actually to a very large extent what sort of the paper sheet represents in the in the physical world. This is what we replicated digitally, but but you get a few other good things with this. First of all, you will get sort of a digital document that is immutable, because now I will get back to the to the DLT technology that we use it makes them immutable. You will also have the full traceability and the full audit trail of what has happened to this document in the document. So it will not sit anywhere else it will be in the document so anyone who comes in possession of the latest original will be able to see what has happened to it previously. And as I mentioned, since we we are just focusing on recreating the sheet of paper so whatever data you put into our documents it stays in the document. So it's not leaked anywhere else sort of the business data and and if you use personal data will be in the document. So you will not have any data privacy issues because it will you will not share the data anywhere else. And also if you look at this from from a GDPR perspective if you if you happen to deal with personal data, and someone wants to be forgotten, you can actually delete the document exactly the same way as you do with the physical one. So let's just summarize a little bit so we created digital documents and we store the data in the documents, so nothing is stored on the blockchain, but we have a blockchain the only thing we use sort of the blockchain for is actually to store the evidence of the document. So if you go on to our website and you look at the blockchain you will only see sort of the hashes, nothing else so you cannot extract or detract any any business data from the blockchain and and we wouldn't know anything, anything about about sort of the the business content or whatever you put you written in your document. So, how do we actually do this so first of all just quickly you know a physical document as I said we have replicated, because we think it's a really good standard the paper. So in the physical world you have a piece of paper, and then you write something on the piece of paper, then you know what's written on the piece of paper and you know what's not written on it. And in order for, for a physical document to have some kind of value it needs to contain a promise and someone has to sign this promise with wedding. So this is this is how you create paper documents in the physical world, we all know this. We often tend to forget this that once you press print and you create a paper original you created a little cost monster. And you have to babysit this cost one monster throughout its lifetime so it's very costly and cumbersome and time consuming to deal with paper documents. Because you have to store them you have to manage them you have to retrieve them you have to do a lot of things with them, especially if there are documents of value. What is really really bad these days I would say is that when when banks and companies think that they are going digital they scan the documents. But really what happens is that they create two versions of the same thing. So then you suddenly have you have two documents. You will not know if the data is is matched between them to and you have dual processes. And you actually have have dual costs as well for for managed in this whole thing so we think this is this is really really bonkers and I think you agree with it. So what we do is that instead of paper. If you if you come to us and you want to issue or create a digital original document we we work with that with a normal data file, and we just add content to the file. And then in order to replicate sort of what the paper sheet borders represent physically we use the the we hash the content and thereby we it's it's sort of closed and it's contained within the document.  So this is this is what we're using the blockchain for only as a notary service for all of these documents. As I mentioned in the physical world if if a paper document is going to have some kind of value someone has to sign it with wet ink. So what we do is that we actually add an electronic signature to our document so it can be any type of electronic signature we can accept anything. We just add it to the document and then we hash it again. Therefore we have a document that is readable by man and machine machine with an actual electronic signature incorporated into the document. The way we make sure that you can actually prove possession, and you can actually prove that you're in control of the one original. We also work with cryptographic key pairs. So once a document is created a public key and a private key is issued. And the public key goes into the document and it's also published on the blockchain. So this means that the only one that can actually do something with the document is the one that is in possession of the private key that corresponds to the public key. This also means that you can transfer possession. So if I want to transfer an original document from from me to Andrea for instance. The only thing Andrea needs to do is to create a cryptographic key pair and he can share the public key with me. So when I write the public key in the document and that gets published on the blockchain, I lose control over the original. Now Andrea has to control because he's in possession of the private key that corresponds to the public key that's published on the blockchain and it's written in the document. So it's harder for him to start to continue sort of managing and dealing with the document I have to send him the actual latest version of the document. All of this also means that we are not sort of dealing with tokens or anything like that so we're dealing with we're actually creating documents that are sort of the actual asset. This also means that you can sort of use our documents and you can share them and send them and and do whatever you want with them. So you can do everything that you do today but you can do it digitally. And the only thing we use the blockchain for as I mentioned is is we use it as it as a notary service. Our solution is also free in the sense that the only one that sort of needs to have anything to do with us is actually the one who wants to create an original. And it's the same thing as if you want to create a paper document you need to buy a piece of paper you really need the piece of paper, otherwise it's hard. The one who wants to create a digital original document without technology they have to come to us to buy the digital paper, but once they've done that they can, they can write anything on it, and they can send it to anyone. And any new holder or receiver can can receive the document and can send it on to yet another new owner without having to pay anything or do anything apart from. They need to have a computer and they need access to the internet and every time they need they want to do operations to the document they need to make sure that the blockchain is updated or the notary services update to evidence whatever has happened to that particular document. And we compare ourselves with other solutions, as I mentioned and we compare ourselves from from a control of ownership point of view, and security in integrity point of view. We, we, we outperform everyone else, because we are. Our documents are really safe they're really secure and you can 100% prove ownership. That's not necessarily the case for paper original documents. And as I mentioned you can make really, really good PDFs really safe and secure, but it's very hard to distinguish an original from a copy and scanned paper originals we shouldn't talk about them because we shouldn't be using them at all. I would also say in this context that you can actually create our original documents as PDFs, if you if you want to, and that makes them sort of very easy to handle and easy to understand and easy to read and everything else. Okay, so as Andrea said back to the basic a document it's a really, really good standard and it's a good basic standard for for starting. So how can this be used. This is, this is a very, very busy slide I know this, but I really like it a lot because it really calls out. What you can do with it with the digital document that is sort of constructed in the way we we've done it. On the on the upper hand of this slide. We have sort of a very schematic overview of how trade finance works today. And the key thing in the gray area and the key thing is that sort of there are there are very, very many players and parties involved in the trade. You have the importer and the exporter the banks to freight forward as the shippers the customers and everything everyone else. All of them are using their own sort of software, their ERP system or back office or platforms or portals or anything so every one of them are sort of handling and managing the digital data within their own software systems and when they want to communicate with other parties in the transaction sort of the common denominator and the common standard is actually the physical documents or when they want to to sort of exchange data and do things they use physical documents. And in some parts they can actually exchange data between themselves but if you if you look at the overall participant in trade it's still sort of the paper document that that is used and for good reasons because it's a good standard. Everyone knows what it is. Everyone can recognize it and everything else. The common approach these days is really to try to have everyone going on to the same platform to start interchanging data and you know there are a lot of initiatives. There is a lot of ongoing, especially in the blockchain space that they're trying to build platforms where all the parties can exchange data on the platforms to make sort of this whole process seamless and efficient. And we're not saying that that that that is a bad idea it's a really good idea but it's very very hard to make it work because you need to onboard everyone. And you need to deal with all the data privacy and actual access control issues because someone has to manage all of these. It's very lengthy. Often very costly and you need to transform you need to change your current processes and the way you're done you're doing things and you need to be able sort of to share your data. So what we are saying is that why not look at the documents and make the documents really digital and really safe and really secure, because then you will not have sort of onboarding at all because everyone can sort of receive them and store them. You don't need to change your processes you don't need to change your back office systems. You don't need to do anything except for sort of digitizing or accepting a digital document instead of today a paper document. And if we move into the bank space obviously this is this is really really convenient because now you can perform sort of collections or documents under a letter of credit and and you can do them fully digital. The whole sets, and you can send them and interchange them with the current sort of methods that you use basically sort of you can send them and receive them. So there is no there is no issue with that sort of everything is already in place you have the file act it's just to attach a document and exchange the keys and and and then you can actually exchange the real documents the original documents and no need for dealing with copies or sort of having DHL or FedEx to to to send the the original documents. As a parallel process you can you can discontinue that all together. Also a few words just just getting back so I want sort of demo the whole system now because it would. But it's not that complicated and as I said, sort of the generic process is really that someone creates the document someone signs it and then it's getting sort of sold or handed off to new party. So what this sort of picture represent are sort of the generic steps of first of all someone has to create the document it's not very complicated. Then someone has to sign it. And then once that is done the sort of the creator and the owner can can choose to own the document throughout this lifetime. But if they wish or if they sort of on sell it it can it can be sold to a new owner and then managed throughout this lifetime. Also, I should say that we are working very very closely with International Trade and Forfeiting Association. And if you are really curious on how to use our digital documents in in a real case. I suggest that you study how you can you can use trace original documents for creating and managing digital negotiable instruments and and it but they've been very sort of thorough in this work so so they have also issued a manual around how you can do this. So just to summarize and do sort of a little bit of sales pitch. We think that our trace original documents are really good because it's very it's easy to increase revenues because you can you can actually introduce a new way of going digital. More importantly, so it's really really good for efficiencies because you won't have sort of the dual and scan paper process. You can get rid of that and you can have one process. Needless to say turnaround times will be much quicker and easier because, as I said the documents are created digitally they are signed digitally and they are transferred and managed digitally. They are as as you probably all figured out they are 100% machine readable so they can be machine readable with any type of AI you have out there, much better than just doing OCR. And obviously you will have very very shortly times and everything else. When we talk about risks, since you have very very little implementation risk because you're not sort of onboarding something completely new you are just instead of pressing print on paper. You just decide to print them digitally you have so you have very very low implementation implementation risk. Also they the documents in themselves they are completely fraud safe because if someone tries to manipulate them or change them it will be detected by by the hashes immediately. No double data management, as I said, which is really really a good way of lowering your operational risk I would assume that there are a lot of banks out there these days that have a huge problem with dual data one. Data sets sitting on physical documents and the other being sitting on scan copies and OCR then maybe you don't capture everything. So it's a very good of reducing operational risk.  And the cost, then of course, you have, if you want to use our technology, sort of the one creating the original has to pay us a small fee to get the digital document. But otherwise there is, you can sort of get rid of your courier cost your archiving cost your scanning and your handling of paper originals you can get rid of all of that. So, I think I stopped there and open up for questions and discussions. Do you want to add anything large. I think you pretty much said it all to me. I tried to. I think it was a good one thank you gonna was really interesting I mean it was a confirmation of what we have discussed you know earlier on the former weeks. So I'll leave it on to the attendance to ask some questions I see some somebody who could be interested in making questions. Yeah, this is that in from Singapore. Let me start by asking, can just about anyone receive the document. And if no, what might a potential recipient need to do in order to be able to receive such a document. You want to do you want to answer that one last. The document has a header page, which explains what you are because in most countries where you will if you want to transact electronically you have to accept this. And what you are you are. And what you do is you go to trace reason calm which is a web page. And on the web page you can start by verifying that the the copy that you obviously want to review before you buy it is authenticate or authentic and you can verify that.  And the seller will will insert the public key just like gonna said. And will, and he will send you the document and at that point you are in full control of it. And on the manage functioning on the web page you make you can make additions you can invite someone to sign the document if you want to amend something. Basically you can add to any type of text to the document. It is like paper. But it's digital. I see. So, so that means that a potential recipient of the document needs to like subscribe to the service. No, the the the blockchain is a semi public. Which means that the only ones who have to subscribe are those who are creating documents, but once it's created it's freely transferable. And in trade. Honestly, you actually if you trade the documents oil or or or commodities or anything else you you don't know who's going to be exposed to the document and and who might want to own it. So the bank want to have the document as collateral, etc. So the notion of having a freely transferable document is really it's been a driving force for us. And we don't have a contract with those out there we only have a contract with those who are by digital paper from us. For a banker liquidity is that's work. So to increase as much liquidity in in the asset as possible, if it's a prom note or a bill of exchange is really core. So that's why the, you don't need to have a subscription to handle a created document that you have to have a subscription to create the document. Right. Thank you. Yeah, it's a bit challenging for me to visualize how a recipient of the document would actually, you know receive that document and interact with it. So, so perhaps, you know, now or in a, you know, full up session, it'd be nice if that could be a demo of the recipient's actions to be able to receive a document. So now you're on mute. Yeah, so yes. I just want to talk a little bit because this is really, really key. I'm really happy about this question. So, two things. The only thing you need is you need a computer and you need access to the internet. Those are the only two things you actually need in order to be able to receive a trace original document. You also need to know what you are receiving, right. And first of all, as I mentioned, you can create a trace original document as a PDF, right, but you need to be aware that this is a special PDF where you need sort of the private key in order and the right version of the original in order to be able to write on it. But apart from that sort of, if I'm if I am new receiver of the document, first of all, I need to make sure that I have sort of the private key that corresponds to the document but otherwise I will just receive an email with the PDF attachment and that's it. This is the only thing I need to do. So it's not more complicated than that. But once I sort of receive the document, I need to be aware that I have actually received maybe a bill of exchange and if you receive a bill of exchange through the DHL, you know that you are receiving a physical and you need to know what to do with it. And the same thing goes for for for these documents. So if you receive a trace original asset, a bill of exchange, you need to know that this is a bill and a digital bill of exchange and I need to take as much care of it, as I do with the physical one, or if it's a bill of exchange or something else. So, so from a mindset point of view, you need to be careful and you need sort of to manage it properly the same way as you manage a paper document. These are documents of value, usually with value. Yes. So same thing as paper. Yeah. Andrea you have to manage us, but but while you are doing that, I would just like to add one other thing. I enjoyed the previous session you had with. Sorry. No, so I just wanted to add because I really enjoyed the previous session we had you had with Buffed on the digital led your payment commitment. Yeah, we had it on the 10th of February. Yes. It was a good one. Yeah, and we love Buffed too much and we think they've done sort of a tremendous job in crafting how to set up these payment commitments on. Absolutely. Absolutely good. Are you perfectly right. They've done an awesome job. Actually, and potentially they have created something that could not replace as a whole. So what I wanted to say is that we also worked with Buffed and we're going to issue a white paper now where we say that not only can you use these 13 data points and manage them on a blockchain, you can also put them into a trace original document. That's nice. I mean, it's good to hear that. I mean, it's a step forward. I mean, as I was telling you, it's a good one. It's a nice children. I look for the white paper of course to really carefully. It's a good one. We're in contact. We will hopefully we'll be back, you know, you know, with some more news from Buffed shortly after this meeting. There's quite a lot to be done on that side of the world as well, you know, because Buffed is deeply steeped into the Americas so we'll be back I think with the people of Buffed soon. Thanks Phil for this note. I would love to ask if the reason anybody else would like to make questions to Guna and to Lars as well. It's a good chance to go deeper into this, you know. Yeah, guys, just a question from me so hi. Hey mate, how are you. Fine. Thank you. Good. Good. Thank you for sharing. Question from my side was in the event of a dispute where these documents are used in the transaction. What's the thought of the country where the dispute happens and their recognition of digital contracts versus paper as how does that feature in some of your travels. Should I. Yes, of course you should. There's a lot happening right now in in in digital legislation. Within the EU. We have something called a does the regulation for digital identity and trust services, which states that basically states technology neutrality within EU. Within EU. We have a reasonably it the legislatures are pointing towards digitization as long as you cater for the safety mechanisms mechanisms of a physical document. So if you can replicate all the face safe safety mechanisms that are surrounded on a bill of negotiable or a document to title. It should be a legal evaluate documents, specifically if you use qualified signatures. Latin America most a lot of Latin American countries have had the European legislation as inspiration, and they are looking very much the same as the European legislation. Singapore, for instance, having common law has been in the forefront and is about to change the, the legislation so that it, it doesn't have to be tangible that digital negotiables and and documents of title will be allowed. The same process is going on in in the UK with the law commission. So this is happening if you if you look on New York and Illinois in the United States, their signature or electronic transaction acts. They actually open up for digital negotiables. So, this is happening right now. And countries countries are working on getting a technology neutral legislation around digital asset digital assets. Great. Thank you. Yes, it's your genius here. I just want to share a suggestion and, and I ask you at the same time a clarification. Okay. First of all, I really love a major solution. It's really like Andrea said, getting getting back to the basics to understand that we really need a flexible solution to, to support the digitalization of the industry overall. From the bigger player to the smaller ones. I actually asking you. I mean, at least from my perspective and my understanding. Okay. I'm trying to picture in the process of a role of the original creation. I understand that the main process is related to the creation of these original document. And in the act of transferring this document, the database of service that is applying as a notarization services. Okay, for for the transfer. I just want to share my vision. I mean, you, Gunnar said that you're not dealing with tokens. In my perspective, I think that when you use a DLT base service to notarize and to create a unique value by harsh encryption. You want that is going to be defined as a unique value.  So from a regulatory perspective, I think that this can be defined as a unity token. If you in the act of transferring. Okay, but I mean, this is just my suggestion that they want. I want to share it. To be frank, I mean what what you do to identify you as the current holder is that you have you present the original, the latest copy of the original or the original and the corresponding key. And you, you can verify that without the ledger. If you want to. That's not necessary. The only thing is that you will not be sure that you actually have the latest version of the document, because if someone would have an older cryptographic key and and an older version. That would actually apply for or it would verify that without the document where without without the ledger as a valid copy of that version. So what why the ledger is so important is that we keep, we kept keep track of the latest version of the document, the latest version of the original. That's the main function of the of the blockchain. But in order to be able to write on the blockchain you actually needed the credentials the correct document and the correct key. Sure. But at the end of the day, we, I think that we sometimes going to end up in semantics rather than in functionality. And it's just my suggestion I mean from from consumer I mean for client perspective. I think that this is quite more similar optimization process of a digitized document once the original is transferred by a DLT notary service. It's just my but just my vision. You have to take care. I mean, it's very thin line in my opinion. It's just a matter of proving the originality of the documents, maybe you're missing a little points in the loop of documentary collection. And at the end that last was saying, you know, they were referring to documents of titles and negotiable documents. We don't have that space here in the meeting to to go deeper into this but it's, you know, there are three funds specialist in meeting today that could detail how this works, you know, when you have to deal with documentary collections. There's a good distinction between documents of title and negotiable instruments. It is, and sometimes I also think about this, you know, are they tokens or not, but in my vision. Your focus is more on the side of proving the originality of the documents the rise change in a digital environments, rather than creating tokens to be exchanged on on DLT. I think that what we've been focusing on is recreating the safety mechanisms. What goes on in physical space large and to enhance maybe keeping the same level of security and safeness. And I believe that if we want to digitize trade and in finance and other transactions that are very of great value. We need to comply with current legislation. It will take years and years and years if we're going to if every type of legislation should kind of be adopted to technology. I think it's a smoother path to adopt the technology to legislation. I agree with you last. Absolutely. The problem is, especially in trade is the legislation is not homogeneous you know you mentioned the Singapore has it some way to go. South America is following the same of the European legislation. So to deal with trade of course being on the global scale is somehow a little messy, and it can take time as well. Although we take this approach. But a couple of years ago, 20 years ago, you could not use a European mobile phone in the Americas. Now you can. Now you can. And what we what we, I think what we need to realize is that we cannot change the world, trying to monopolize things what we need. We have to have we need to collaborate. We need to be open. We need to accept that that some utilities that are presented and solutions are fantastic on some things. And our technology is good on on one thing. And that's recreating the document. Yeah, but I mean, that was my first statement and saying, saying, okay, I really like the technology and I understand the value into the core. Okay, that is having a software flexible in a flexible way that can work on different solutions that are in the market and digitized in a flexible and harmonizing way. I want to just to share my vision into the process of a role and see that maybe, according to my understanding from regulatory perspective when there is a transfer and digital asset in there, there's, I think you can do that. Yes, we like your vision. And you just just wanted to let you know. Can I just can I just answer a question that came on the on the chat from Bob. Yeah, I was just about to mention this but you can go. But because I think it's a good question. Yeah, and just to take a step back so our business model is is based on the fact that the only one that has to deal sort of directly with us from a customer perspective is the one who wants to create the original document so they need to buy, if you wish, the digital paper from us. We don't see we don't care we don't have anything to do sort of with the content. But, but if, if I want to create the digital original, I go to trace read I go to an ego and I sign up for for trace regional.com and then I can take any, any data and I can create my document I can write it from scratch I can do drag and drop I can start with a PDF, and I can create the trace original document. Once that is done, the document is, is can be managed and stored and received by anyone free of charge right so anyone can receive it anyone in in an email through swift in any medium. You can deal with it and you can handle it. As I also as I mentioned what you need you need a computer and you need access to the internet so if you want to update your original documents you need to go to our website to get in contact with the notary service. And you change your document and you get it notarized and then you can continue sort of sending it to to someone else or a new entity but that there are no strings attached there is no fees there is nothing. So I just wanted to make that 100% clear. One other thing Andrea that I just briefly want to mention, if you're really seen if you really want to test this and sort of you're a bit hesitant to around sort of legislation and everything else. So it's a really convenient because you can you can create your own little club in the document. So through it for there is a very, very nice solution called the electronic payment undertaking with wording everything. So you want to to create sort of a legally valid look alike of a bill of exchange, but you do it on the contract law between the parties. You have all the, all the instructions you need in order to to get started. Yes, we, we have a presentation is insightful presentation at the end of the year 2020 by Joel, and I still think Joel fall for that. So it is a very, it is actually a very interesting instrument for enhancing digitalization trade fines indeed. So anybody else would love to make more questions I mean. It's a very simple question from me again. How quickly are you able to on board a new user to issue a digital original. It depends on how how much the user wants to integrate to their current systems. If if you're, if you're a user of China systems for instance I think you could do it really rapidly. If you have an in house system you probably need to need to look at your workflows etc but just implementing our solution, you could do that by using Amazon Web Services, etc. So it's, it's not a huge implementation. Let's say that you have. No, it's a quick implementation. Everything is ready. You just need a node, you come to us we set you up it will take sort of a couple of days, and then you can you can use our graphical user interface which is really really easy to use and easy to understand so not very complicated at all.  Anybody else Julian. Are you there. Yes, I am. That was I have no I think we've reached the end of the hour I think that was a great. Thank you very much. Very insightful. Thank you. Very nice presentation thanks you go on and thanks, large for today's meeting. And I think we we can call the end of the meeting and thanks everybody for for being here. We'll see again in two weeks time on a different time slot. Okay, and more insights into this. So have a very nice day you your. Thank you very much. Thank you so much. Bye bye. Bye. Bye. Bye.


Hello, this is Jessica Hagman with the Ohio University Libraries, and in this video I'm going to show you some tools for choosing a paper or speech topic using the Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Opposing Viewpoints collects opinion pieces, news, and magazine articles and websites on topics that are often up for debate in our society. It's great for those situations where you know you want to write or talk about a particular topic, but you know you need to choose a narrower topic for the length of your speech or paper. To get to Opposing Viewpoints, start from the library's homepage. Then click on the Databases tab. Type Opposing Viewpoints. Then click on the Purple Connect button to go to the database. If you are off campus, at this point you'll be asked to log in with your Ohio ID and password. Opposing Viewpoints is set up to let you search for a topic using the box in the upper right corner, or you can browse for a particular topic. I recommend using the Browse Issues tab in the bar towards the top of the page. On this page you have a list of all the topic pages in alphabetical order, but you can also choose to view issues grouped together by category using the Choose a Category drop-down menu. I choose the Energy and Environmentalism category and can see many topics related to these issues. I'm going to take a look at the Organic Food page because it's an interest of mine. What I really like about these topic pages is that it gives you a good overview of the topic right at the top. Click View More to see the full description. In this description you can see a couple of issues I could write or talk about related to organic food, benefits for the environment and health, or the question of whether or not organic food is really healthier than non-organic. Once I'm done with this page, I can use the topic link or click back to go back to the main page for organic food. As you scroll down you'll see links to different types of sources about this topic. The first one is Viewpoints which are opinions about the topic. Usually you'll see viewpoints on both sides of an issue like whether or not we should allow genetically engineered foods. You can use the links on the left side of the page to choose particular types of sources. So if I'm interested in this idea of genetically engineered foods I can search for that. And then I can see that there are quite a few viewpoints, news, and magazine articles about this topic. And even a few websites I might want to check out. If you are looking at the viewpoints sources remember that these are opinion pieces. So their goal is to persuade you to accept a particular point of view. When you click on a viewpoint you should see the name of the author noted and what they have to do with their topic. So this first viewpoint for example was written by an author who manages a site on food policy. It might be good to look at the site or Google the name of the author so that I can be aware of how their background would influence their point of view here and how they are presenting the information. At the bottom of the viewpoint you'll often find recommended books and articles that would help you explore the topic further. You should be able to use Alice, the library catalog, or articles plus to find these. Aside from viewpoints you'll also find news and magazine sources related to your topic. The full text of the article will be right here in this website. If you don't find a topic page that interests you in opposing viewpoints you can always use the search at the top of the page to look for sources that match what you're interested in. This is actually a good idea whether or not you find a topic page on what you want to talk about in your speech. There may be useful resources on other topic pages as well. I'll try a search for genetically engineered food to see what more I can find. And see that there are lots of sources including statistics and academic journals about this topic that didn't show up on the organic food topic page. Opposing viewpoints is a great way to get started and explore a topic that you want to talk about in your speech or write about in a paper. If you have any trouble finding what you need or find that you're still struggling to nail down the topic feel free to contact me or another Ohio University librarian for assistance. We're here to help.


فشرف بالشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيمي الحمد لله رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن وثناء الجميل وشد الله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول الحق وهو يهدي السبيل وشد أن سيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد كنا في المساعدة من أسرع السبب وصية الإيمان عبد الرحمن ابن يحيا المعلمي لأسرع الشيخ محمد ابن أحمد المعلمي وقدمنا المساعدة الأولى المساعدة الأولى ومعنى سنذهب إلى المساعدة الأخرى المساعدة الأخرى هي بقية أركان الإيمان المساعدة الأخرى هي بقية أركان الإيمان الشيخ يقول أنه الإيمان بملايكة الله وأنهم عباد غيبيون مطيعون لربهم عز وجل لا يسبقونه بالقول ولا يفعلون إلا ما يأمرهم ولا يشفعون عنده إلا لمن ارتضى بعد إذنه سبحانه لهم ولا يشفعون عنده إلا لمن ارتضى بعد إذنه سبحانه لهم ولا يرغبونهم في أن يشفعوا إلا أن يعلموا إذن الله تعالى ورضاهوا في أن يشفعوا ولا يفعلون إلا ما يأمرهم ربهم عز وجل المساعدة الأخرى يقول ومعنى في المساعدة الأولى والمساعدة الأولى are slaves of Allah سبحانه و تعالى but they are from the unseen it is not a creation which we can see it's from the unseen and they are in obedience to Allah they obey Him سبحانه و تعالى مطيعون لربهم عز وجل everything Allah commands them they do it as He commands them لا يسبقونه بالقول they don't precede him in statement they don't do anything before him they don't speak back to him عز وجل and they don't do ولا يفعلون إلا ما يأمرهم they don't do except that which He commands them they are in full adherence to Allah و تعالى and they also don't intercede ولا يشفعون عنده إلا لمن ارتضى they don't intercede for anybody except after Allah gives them permission and is pleased with it بعد إذن يسبحانه لهم ولا يرغبونهم في أن يشفعوا إلا أن يعلموا إذن الله تعالى and they are so obedient that they don't even want to intercede for anybody unless they have knowledge that Allah will give them permission to do it and that Allah is pleased for them to intercede for this person they won't even do it they don't want to do it and they only do that which they are commanded to do so this is an advice that he is telling his student believe in the angels come with الإيمان بالملايكة and this is what this is the second pillar أن تؤمن بالله و ملايكة is the second pillar and there are evidences you can find a lot of evidences from them is the statement of Allah سبحانه و تعالى آية 285 الله سيث آمن الرسول بما أنزل إليه من ربه والمؤمنون كل آمن بالله و ملايكته و كتبه و رسوله لا نفرق بين أحد من لا نفرق بين أحد من رسوله و قالوا سمعنا و أطعنا وفرانك ربنا و إليك المصير they believe in the messengers and they also believe in that which the messengers came with this is the statement of Allah I'm explaining and they also believe in what كل أمن بالله و ملايكة and the angels of Allah سبحانه و تعالى so this is آية as an evidence for it also the حديث of جبريل is an evidence when the prophet was asked about إيمان and the prophet responded by saying أن تؤمن بالله و ملايكته و كتبه و رسوله و اليوم الآخر و تؤمن بالقدر خيره و شره إيمان مسلم this of the authority of who عمر رضي الله تعالى عنه عبد الرحمن يحيا المعلمي الإيمان العلمة عبد الرحمن يحيا المعلمي after mentioning believing the angels he moved on to some of the actions of the angels and some of the things that they do and that is their characteristics and their attributes which is that they obey الله and they don't proceed they don't do anything for him and that is what Allah said about them Allah said و قالوا التخذ الرحمن و لدى they said Allah has taken a child سبحانه و تعالى بالعباد مكرمون they are not my children or my descendant or my offspring they are the angels they are slaves who are honorable عباد مكرمون because that's what they were trying to say that the angels are the offspring of Allah سبحانه و تعالى then Allah explains them more لا يسبقونه بالقولي وهم بأمره يعملون they don't proceed him in speech and they don't do except that which he commands them يعلموا ما بين ايديهم الله knows everything that's in front of them وما خلفهم in that which is behind them الله knows everything و لا يشفعون and they don't intercede they don't intercede إلا من ارتضى except those who Allah is pleased with سبحانه و تعالى وهم من خشية يمش فيقول and they are inconsistent fear of الله سبحانه و تعالى صورة الانبياء I-26 so this is where he took it from this ayah that this is the characteristics of the angels so my beloved brothers and sisters this gives us a lesson this gives us a lesson and a reminder which is الله doesn't need us الله الله doesn't need us and he already has a creation who are more than us in number they are far greater than us in number and they are far greater than us in power and strength and they obey him they are honorable لا يسبقونه بالقول وهم بأمره يعملون everything he tells them to do they do الله says every single thing that they are commanded they will do they don't consider it and then you as a slave have to realize that you are the one who needs Allah you are the one who is out there to save your flesh and your bones from the hellfire don't have kindness and generosity to anybody else don't care for anyone else if you don't want to but just be careful and kind to us towards yourself the sheikh goes up to say والإيمانو بكوطو بالله to believe in the book of Allah التي أنزلها على أنبيائي to believe in the books in which Allah has sat down on his prophets والمهيمين and the one that abrogates عليها القرآن you believe in the books that have been abrogated before and you believe in the Qur'an that we have today وأنه كلام الله and you believe that the Qur'an is the speech of Allah أنزله على محمدين and he sent it down on Muhammad you believe this this is the third pillar from the pillars of what الإيمان which is what الإيمانو بالكوطو بالمنزله believing in the books that were sat down from الله تباركة والتعالى on the prophets the ones that we know is a Torah تبارات سندانه كريب الله دوان هو الله سبحانه وتعالى موسى عليه السلام والإنجيل المنزل that was sat down on على كلمة الله دوانا بالله إيه سبن مريم والزبور أنزبور we know it المنزل that was sat down on على النبي الله داود was sat down on the prophet of Allah داود عليه السلام and these are mentioned in the Quran الله تباركة والتعالى he says يا أيها الذين آمنوا آمنوا بالله or those of you who believe believe in Allah ورسوله and also believe in the messengers والكتاب and also believe in the books الذي نزل على رسوله that which the messengers was sat down with and that was sat down on the prophet محمسه عليه السلام والكتاب الذي أنزل من قبل and also believe in the books before the prophet of Allah محمد on the previous prophets believe in that as well ومن يكفر بالله anyone who disbelieves in Allah وملايكة and disbelieves in the angels وكتوبه and disbelieves in the books ورسوله and disbelieves in the messengers واليوم الأخير and he disbelieves in the day of judgment فقد ظل ظلالا he has become misguided a deep misguided صورة and Lisa I 136 so the author here mentions this we also have to understand another point that the sheikh رحمة الله point it out which is that this Quran abrogated all the previous books and that is what the previous verse where I mentioned this in Surah to Lisa I 136 and this in Surah to Al-Ma'idah I of 48 Allah says وأنزلنا إليك الكتاب we have sat down on you the book بالحق with truth مصدقا لما بين يدي it believes and it testifies to the previous prophets the books that you guys have as in front of you all Christians and all Jews this book has come to testify for it is that all وَمُهَيْمِنَ الْعَلِيَ and also to abrogate it it will strengthen some things and say yes this is part of the religion of Allah I will still carry on and it supports your books in it and it is also going to abrogate it then the sheikh after mentioning that رحمه الله he mentioned وأنه كلام الله that is the statement of Allah this Quran that we have is the speech of Allah and the evidence is for that and the Quran is extensive and the evidence is the sunnah are also large in amount but if you look at Surah to Toba I 6 Allah says وإن أحد من المشركين استجارك فأديروا وحتى يسمع كلام الله ثم أبلغوا مأمنة بالك بأنهم أوم لا يعلمون إذا كانت أصدقائي فأسألت for the shelter الله says give him the shelter until he hears the speech of Allah حتى يسمع كلام الله until he hears the speech of who الله سبحانه وتعالى so Allah referred to this what? speech he's speech وصورة الفتح I 15 what does he say سبحانه وتعالى يريدون أن يبدل كلام الله they want to change the speech of Allah سبحانه وتعالى and this is the إجماع أهل سنة that the Quran is the speech of Allah سبحانه وتعالى so the sheikh رحمه الله is elaborating that the Quran is what أن القرآن that the Quran is كلام الله is the speech of Allah غير مخلوق and it is not created منه بدأ أنا منه بدأ or whatever way you want to say it from Allah it came or from Allah it started وإله يعود when it will go back to him and this is the عقيدة of أهل سنة والجماعة in which we believe regarding the book of Allah سبحانه وتعالى then the sheikh goes on to say والإيمان برسول الله believing also in the messengers of Allah وهم أنا سمنا البشر to believe in the messengers and to also believe that the messengers are humans they are human beings because Allah سبحانه وتعالى He says in surah to calf I 110 قل say to them محمد إنما أنا بشر مثلكم say to them I am nothing except a human like you but the difference is what يوحى إليها revelation is sent on me the only difference between me and you is that revelation supports me وصول الله سبحانه وتعالى He says قالت رسولهم إن نحن إلا بشر مثلكم قالت رسولهم their messengers said to them every nation إن نحن we are nothing except إلا بشر مثلكم we are nothing except humans just like you ولكن الله but the difference here is ولكن الله يمنو على من يشاء من عباده الله blesses He sends virtue on whoever he wills with prophecy and then the greatest virtue a person can have the highest station is prophecy there is no station greater than that so what did they say first like it we are what إنما أحبه بشر مثلكم the prophets are those two levels messengers and prophets are like that they are humans if you take them above that you are falling into what you are falling into the extremism and the exaggeration of who the Christians and if you take them below their status you are falling into the other form of leniency excessive leniency and exaggeration on the other scale on the other side of the Jews who belittled نبي الله عيساب المريم who even killed or wanted to kill him عيساب المريم who ridiculed our prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم fought against him they are what they put below the prophets belittle the prophets so that's these two stations he's a Bashar but he's not just an ordinary Bashar he's a human but he's not just an ordinary human being وَالِإِمَانُوا بِرُسْفُرِيْ اللَّهِ وَهُمْ أُنَاسُوا مِنَ الْبَشَبْ اِخْتَارَهُمُ اللَّهُ الله chose them Allah he prophesies a choice Allah has he's the one who chooses he's not that you want it you get it it's something Allah chooses it's Allah's choice as he said in Surat al-An'am ay 124 الله is the one who knows where he's going to place his message and who's he's going to give it to he knows that it's for Allah so Allah chose سبحانه وتعالى وأنزل عليهم ملائكته and Allah sent down on them what he's messengers for what reason ليبلغوهم كلام ربهم Allah sent down on those prophets angels what did those angels do they conveyed the message they conveyed the message they conveyed the message they conveyed the message to the prophet ليبلغوهم كلام ربهم وامره so they can hear about Allah's commands so they can know where Allah تبارك وتعالى once for him to convey to mankind حتى يبلغوه عباده so the angels will come they will bring the message to the prophets and then the prophets would convey that message to their people they would convey that message to their people and that is where Allah تبارك وتعالى and says وانسورة النحى The Finally ي نزل الملائكة بروح من أمره على من يشاء من عباده أن أنظر أنه لا الىها الا أنا فاتقوط Allah says says Allah sheads angels with روح a revelationحم روح is a revelation من أمره على من يشاءещ من عباده and Allah sends the angels to whoever He wants meaning whoever who Allah has chosen to be a prophet لن يكون هناك اشياء لهم. لهم أن يفعل ماذا؟ لهم أن يذهبون إلى الناس ويقولون لهم أنهم يتواجدون. إذا لم يتواجدون الله وليس يتواجدون. إذا لم يتواجدون الناس وليس يتواجدون. أنه لا إله إلا أنا فاتحون. ل to wash of Allah alone and not to associate partners with Him. To be conscious of Him. That's the message that they are told to convey. والرسل مع صومون. The prophets are what? And the messengers are infallible. في كل ما يبلغونه. But they are infallible in that which they are conveying. So this kind of issue is the messengers. اسمة الرسل and the messenger. I've done a thorough research on this. Insha'Allah I'm going to one time make it into a lecture and a talk insha'Allah of اسمة الأنبياء the prophets. The prophets. They are infallible. From major and minor we find some prophets like Maybellahi Adam. How? They will reconcile between that. But the messengers are infallible from what? في كل ما يبلغونه. And every single thing that they are conveying. They are infallible. They won't do a mistake. They will never do a mistake. And Allah mentions that. In the Qur'an. That their message is protected. There is no mistake that can come from them. الله سبحانه وتعالى يسأل in سورة الحج آية 52 وما أرسلنا من قبلك من رسول ولا نبي إلا إلا إذا تمنأ ألق الشيطان في أمنيتي فينسق الله ما يلق الشيطان ثم يحكم الله آياتي والله عليم الحكيم. الله tells us in this verse. That Allah protects the messengers in that which they are conveying. And then Allah protects that revelation in all of the calm that can come towards it. Or the things that can want to taint it or change it or alter it or distort it. Such as the Shaytan who might want to throw his falsehood into there. That he can't do it. Because he's protected. And Allah سبحانه وتعالى وما ينطقوا عن الهوة. He doesn't speak from his own whims and desires. He's protected from that. He's protected from that. ولي ذلك القاوع عياد. In his كتاب الشيفة بتعريف حقوق المصطفة second volume page 158 he says There's no dispute. There's no difference of opinion. أنهم معصومون أنهم معصومون من ما من كتمان الرسالة لكنسول المسج. أنهم معصومون. They are errorless in hiding information. They are with me. They can't. ولي ذلك. ولي ذلك. ولي ذلك. ولي ذلك. ولي ذلك. ولي ذلك. They are with me. Owen came when he was leaving to Jaesh, and he didn't want to for God's sake, says to him that convey the message and tell the people that the prophet is infallible in that regard.وا التقصير فهتتبلير and they're also infallible from being short in conveying the message. قادع العيال في كتابة الشيفة، ولمام القرط بيترانزميطس it، الشوكان it also brings it in his Tafsir as well and also other scholars, Ibn Taymi mentions it in his 10th volume in his مجموعة الفتاة page 200 and 89 to page 290 so this is not a dispute as for what the Shi'a are rafid عليه من الله ما يستحقون ما ما give them what they deserve they give اسمة الائمة that this is ترهات خزع بلات it's good what خزع بلات it's jokes it's لا قيمة له it's made up false there's nothing to that there's no such thing as لا ولا أبو بكر وزن المعصوم ولا عمر وزن المعصوم ولا عثمان is not معصوم ولا عالي is not معصوم no one after the prophet's المعصوم you see صادقون في ذلك كله مع الطهارت في أنفسهم وصدقين ومحبتهم لله عز وجل وطاعتهم له they are also truthful the prophets are very truthful in everything they are pure in the essence in the essence they are pure ومحبتهم لله and their love for Allah تعالى وطاعتهم له and their obedience to Allah تعالى because there are role models the prophets and the messengers are the role models and a role model is a person who's complete complete so the people can follow them الله تعالى تعالى will not choose a person who is a scumbag لا قيمة له nothing he has no value and make him a role model for everybody to follow but rather Allah would choose سبحانه وتعالى أطحر البشر قلوبا the person who has the most the cleanest of hearts وازكى أخلاقا and he has the most purest of manners and etiquettes وأدودهم قريحة وخاتمهم those messengers of those character and that nobility the final one of them is محمد بل غريسالة ربه we witness and we testify this final messenger there is no messenger after him ما كان محمد أبا أحد من رجالكم ولكن رسول الله وخاتم النبي آيفوتي سورة الحزاب he is the final messengers there is no prophet after him the prophet specifically said in the hadith صحيحين من حديث أبي هوريرا أنا خاتم الأنبياء I am the final and another way the process and an example أنا لا نبي بعده there is no prophet after him أنا خاتم الأنبياء it is no prophet after me عربات ابن السارية أبدالله من عباس أبدالله من عمره عاصب أمامة الباهيلي أنا سمنو مالك ان سلمان الفارسي عائشة بضي الله يطلع على أنا سهل ابن الساعدي سلمان الفارسي عائشة بضي الله تعالى عنها سهل ابن ساعدن السعدي بذر الغفاري في أيضاً إنه نص موتواتر سيوطي يزبك وهي تكسب ملتوتيو نوريشنز إنه قد قطف الأسحار الموتواترة في الأحديث الموتواترة يقول إنه أن هذا الحديث إنه موتواتر الكتاني إنه كتاب نظم الموتواترة يجب على الباني إدواء الغليل على كل حال هذا الأمر about prophecy إنه موتواتر حتى إنه ليست موتواتر إنه موتواتر إنه موتواتر إنه موتواتر إنه موتواتر إنه موتواتر أنه محمد أنخاتمو الأنبياء أنه هو الموتواتر في الأسفل وموتواتر ونو أسلين لديهم موتواتر في كل حال لذا فالقادياني على قفار لا يؤمنون بالله ولا باليوم الأخير ومن شك في كفريب هو كافر من يفكون عندما يفكون هو كافر يفكون لأنهم يذهبون على هذه الموتواتر لا يؤمنون بالموتواتر