Navel, Mace, Tidwell, Reinhart, Bowman, Mr. Bowman, what have we been working on in the last few days? Bolsheer, I think that's right.  I can't believe it. And he's, let me go back and change that hundred he made on quiz A. My goodness, what's the right answer? Well, it's not yes. You have no idea what that question even was. You were doomed from the start. You didn't want to be doomed too, huh? All right, we were working on Bolsheer, we were also working on bearing stresses, we're trying to find out how strong a connection is. We had limits due to pulling little plugs of steel parallel to the direction of load in front of the bolt. We had limit states of the plate just crushing. You can close it a little more, you don't have to be so quiet. I mean, I admit I can hardly see you in your camis there, but I hear the boots. We were doing the Bolsheer itself, that's correct. Coontz, Coontz, what did the crushing state of the plate involve? Do you remember what numbers we needed when we wanted to know how, if a plate would crush? Well, yeah, but I mean, you know, there were some numbers in the equation, maybe like a 2.4, nobody would remember that, but you had to multiply something times something to get the area that it was crushed against. That's not easy. Anybody? Yes, sir. Okay, so that's all the numbers that were involved, okay? 2.4 was in there because that's how strong a find it is, and times the diameter of the bolt, times the thickness of the plate, that was crushing in the plate, and then that area would be multiplied by the stress that they would permit you to use, and that was times the ultimate, that's correct. Chung, you remember what the one was for pushing a little plug of steel ahead of the bolt? What influenced its strength? Toborga, did I write Chung down as here, yeah, Toborga not here? Okay. Well, that was a little length of the plug, it was kind of like a clear distance between the hole in the edge of the hole in the edge of the plate for the ones on the end. It was the clear distance between bolts that were back in the interior of the plate, and then again times the thickness of the plate, and that one wasn't times f sub u, it was times what? Because that little plug is in shear rather than being compressed. What did you do to f sub u to turn it into shear? What did you multiply it by? Oh, yeah, you're my kind of guy, 0.6, but that's not right for bolts, is it? Wait a minute, that's right for plates, isn't it? No, no, no, we're still the master of the plates. We're the guys that get the 0.625 on the bolts. So yes. All right, so here's an example problem where we stopped last time. Got a three-eighths by six-inch wide plate, uses a tension member, got a 1.2 times 12, plus 1.6 times 33, load on it, got to be connected to another three-eighths inch plate. So now we're not probably going to have any preferential between which one we use. Going to use three-quarter inch group A bolts, A3060 for both, assume the bearing strength is adequate, okay? Now, you can just tell us that, and we can, and usually do assume that when we start designing bolts, because we want to say, okay, first off let's see what the bolts can take, how many bolts do we need, and we try and lay them out in a pattern and decide if we want three across by nine deep or two across by 18 deep or whatever we want. And all this time we just say, let's assume the bearing stresses are okay. And a lot of times will be. Now, if you put the hole too close to the end of the plate, all of a sudden you'll find that one there isn't working, but you can fix that. You just move the hole a little further away from the end of the plate. And if the bearing stresses then check, well then you're okay. And if they don't check, you can either make them work, you can space the bolts further apart or you can move them further from the end. And if that doesn't work, then that means crushing of the plate's been the problem and you're not going to fix that with anything except making the bolt bigger in diameter or making the plate thicker. Or put more bolts, and it's your choice. That's usually what they do. They work on the bolts first and then they make sure that the bearing stresses are okay. I mentioned before and I kind of re-emphasize, especially for beginners like you and me, it's probably a good idea to calculate all of these limit states and write them down. Sometimes you find it wasn't really necessary, but a lot of times it makes a difference. A lot of times you'll find the shear in the bolt controls on all of them. In this case it didn't happen to. He very carefully put together a case where it didn't. But if you're going to check how much load each of these points can take, that's the pull the plug, shear the plug out, both of them, interior and exterior bolt. Plate crushing would be the same no matter where it is. Shearing a bolt would be the same no matter where the bolt is, interior or exterior. Then you take the smallest of those and then this one happened to have something smaller than the bolt shear. Then you put the numbers down, lay a fee on them and go. So here's the example that he just gave us. There's your 1.212, 1.633, 67 is the load applied. Wants to compute the capacity of one bolt. The capacity of one bolt then he must mean in shear. It's not known whether or not the threads are in the plane or not so you're not conservative, you have no choice. You're going to have to assume it is a X or an N type of connection. Lahog. Yes. That's not fair, well sure it's one of them, yes. I don't think he meant that, I think he just woke up but I'm going to have to take it. Leon, let me straight the question a little more clearly. Is it this? Well that's not going to work, I'm going to say or this. Which one of those is our connection since we don't know if the threads are in the plane or shear or not? Leon, Leon here? That was a waste. Graham, come on. Fulton, which of those is it? Okay, that's a fair thing to do. Was that Fulton? I've got to be sure I checked you off here. Which classmate are you going to dump that load on? On your right or left? To the one on the left, that is where the threads are excluded from the shear plane. You need a better classmate. Ask the guy on the other side, see what he says. In, that's much to see how smart that side is. Left side's always smarter than the right side. These shear planes are not known where they are so you must say they are included in the plane of shear. X means they are not in the plane of shear, they are excluded from the plane of shear. So we're going to be taking the weaker number. In other words, rather than admitting that the shank is not being sheared so the threads are 0.8 of the area, of that area, they put the 0.8 on the permitted stress. So he says 54 kip per inch, I wonder where that came from. I don't know how far back these notes go. Probably one, and here we go, here's one right here. Those are group A bolts. There's group A, there's group A, group B, so it's one of these two people here. These are threads included, these are threads excluded. And so the stress is 372 megapascals are 54 kip per square inch. And that's why it's so good to put a 54 pi d squared over 4 for the shank. So I thought the shank wasn't cut. The 0.8 is in one of those two numbers. Let's check that, 0.8. See here's excluded, multiply that as 0.8. You know, people who really understand what's going on, it's a little confusing. There's a 0.8 in there, but it doesn't seem to be where it ought to be. You think it ought to be on this number. Well, that's not the way they set it up. So we get 23.86 kips per bolt. Nominal, since there's fair amount of variation in those bolts, you're going to have to multiply it times the resistance factor. That's that much per bolt. And the total number of bolts you need to hold this much load, kips. The units work out nicely. It's about about 17.9 kips per bolt. Kips cancels kips, leaves you with four bolts. So it says use 4 3 quarter inch diameter bolts. You didn't say which pattern. This is as good as any. You obviously, once you put that, that tear line across there, you pretty well hurt a 30 foot long piece of steel. So you might decide to do it this way. Have a little smaller plate. Put the bolts like that. Can only get away with that so long when the number of bolts is equal to the length of the bar, well then that's not good. Mitchell? Not here? Dang. Okay, well I was waiting for Mitchell's here, but that's okay. Mitchell, what is the permitted stress for a group B bolt period? I'll give you a hint. And that's okay, see, but you are looking at the stress, but this table's also for tensile stress. We'll get into that later. You need to be over in the sheer people. And the allowed stress is? No, not for that question. What is the permitted stress for a 490 bolt?  And you say that's really rotten. That's right, I love it. Okay, what in the dickens an available sheer strength of bolts? I don't know what that's for. Let's just see something. We know one of the numbers here. We know that the strength of a three-quarter inch group A bolt in type is three-quarter is including the fee, 17.9 kips per bolt, three-quarter inch bolt group A end, three-quarter inch bolt group A, excluded, included, single shear, double shear. Wow, look at that. We've got tables for this stuff. If I know how strong the bolt is in sheer, just pull it right out of the table. Group B, I think that we had some questions on a Group B. I asked him a question on Group B just to get him out of his comfort zone. And the only reason I say we were doing Group A on the example problem is I copied it down from the previous page just so we would know why we were on this page, what was going on. Zepeda, what is the strength of a Group B seven-eighth inch diameter and double shear? What is the strength of a Group B seven-eighth inch diameter and double shear? Group B, I didn't tell him which, so he has no choice but to take included. He had to go to the seven-eighths and double shear. He's right, 61.3 kips. That's correct. That's how strong those bolts are. Here's the larger bolts down here, one and an eighth, one and three-eighths, one and a half. That's a good table. Down at the bottom, you'll notice they tell you what the LRFD resistance factor that they're using in this table. So there's no doubt about what he's doing. Installation of high strength bolts. These high strength bolts will enable you to put so much tension in the bolt that the friction really will just carry, that the friction will carry the load right through the plates if you tighten them up tight enough. Now if you just tighten them to a snug fit condition that's acceptable in many connections, especially in a slip critical connection where you don't want the joint to slip, then you have to really ratchet them down. If you do that, you can count on these two pieces never moving with respect to each other. That may not matter to you like in a building where these large loads only come once or twice in a lifetime, probably never. Probably almost never from the forward direction and then the backward direction, but in bridges and things and some structures, you get a load back and forth, a repetitive load. And if you just make this what they call a bearing type connection where when you pull on this real hard, this bolt, this plate bears up against that plate, one time that's not a problem. And that'll pull this bolt over so that this plate bears against this side of the bolt.  Well, there's some structures that's probably not gonna be a good idea because then it will fatigue the bolt. So we would specify a slip critical connection and that's one where you ratchet this thing down so tightly, we'll make you do it so tightly, we'll just make you use more bolts until this thing just won't slip. You'll have to know the coefficient of friction so that you can get that done. A total friction available to you, in this case, you put the bolt in. If you split out the top half and look at it, you know there is a tension in the bolt.  And that tension force due to equilibrium would be this normal pressure between these two plates. Probably isn't distributed uniformly in a circular fashion out to 3.2 inches. You know, it probably is low out in here and high in there, right around the bolt. But it really doesn't care when friction's concerned whether you distributed this triangularly, that total normal force, pressure, or if you did it uniformly like he has shown, you still get the total force between the two sliding planes, times the coefficient of friction to keep these two from slipping. Putting that force in here, putting the tension in the bolt, is going to elongate the bolt, PL over AE. So since you know how these bolts are threaded, you know how many threads there are per inch, we could probably relate how many times you have to turn the nut to put this much stretch in the bolt so you would get this much load in the bolt. And so I could probably tell you how many cranks on the nut you need to do to get a specified pre-tension in the bolt. And they do.  When you put this external P load on there, then the load P is resisted by the friction force. It doesn't even go through the bolt. The bolt doesn't even know you did anything. In other words, you crank the bolt down and you put enough tension in it and he's screaming and he's, oh, wow, man, bummer. But then when you put the load on the plate, he says, I said, what happened? He says, I don't know, you hurt me.  He says, nothing. The load goes right through these two plates in friction. When now then you went above my slip critical number and now then the thing starts in bearing. And if that ever happens, then I gotta have a backup. And the backup I'm gonna make you do is when you design this slip critical number, you're gonna make sure that if it ever does slip for some reason, it still can be handled and the bearing stresses will not be excessive, shearing the bolt won't be excessive, crushing bearing stresses won't be excessive. You'll still have to make sure it does all of that. It's just that, and if that ever happens, then what happens is this thing will start banging into the bolt and some of them will start to fatigue. And we inspect these things regularly. Joe will get on his little radio and he'll say, hey, Sally. And she'll say, yeah, there's only 19 bolts in this joint. I said, how many are in all the rest? 24. Are you sure? Pretty sure there's a hole here with nothing in it. Yeah, I think that's fatigued out. All right, let me bring you some bolts and we'll stick them in there. Or he'll say, there's only three bolts in this thing here. And she'll say, hang on and you'll see her out there putting the things, blocking off the bridge. But he's not gonna fail, we won't let it. Combination of knowing what we're doing and inspection, maintenance. Minimum bolt pretension, these are the numbers to which you can reach. I don't remember which one, it was 90, there's 90 ksi, that's 0.7 times 3, 19.3. Must've been this one here. Must've been a A325 bolt. They make you bring them up to a minimum of 0.7 times the full tensile strength and then they're fully pretensioned. This is your metric table. How we get the bolts pretensioned properly. First we have what they call a turn of the nut method. You know, you can look on that table that I gave you earlier, it came from another book. Told you the shank area of a bolt. Told you the root area of a bolt. Told you the root plus one thread area of a bolt. It'll also tell you how many threads there are per inch. So one rotation of the nut's gonna draw this bolt one thread out. One more thread will be exposed at the bottom of the nut. First off, you make it snug tight and then you go ahead and from that point you start counting how many rotations you need to elongate the bolt. It's not only a matter of elongate the bolt, it's a matter of elongating the threaded part of the bolt and elongating the little bit of shank that's left in the bolt plus the steel is pulling down inside of the head and inside of the nut and these parts are compressing and getting shorter. I mean, there's a lot going on there. The easiest way to find out how many turns to do on one of these things is to put a strain gauge inside there and turn the nut till you get the right tension in there and then you tell everybody else for an A325 3 quarter inch diameter bolt of a certain length you need to put this many turns on it and you'll get the right load in the bolt. But it's basically, theoretically, Delta's equal to PL over AE. For any size, tight bolt, number of turns of the nut required to give a given tension force could be computed, table eight two gives the required nut rotation. I had forgotten that was in there and I went elsewhere for my information. Went to a bolt person. Mr. Bolt person says that if you have a one inch diameter bolt that's up to four D long, four diameters long requires one and a third of a turn. That would be two of the, well I think there's a picture on the next page that shows you. If it's between four D and eight D, somewhere around in there, need a half a turn. If it is longer than it's obviously more flexible and more stretchy, you need two thirds of a turn. So, well you snug it up first from snug tight and here's snug tight definition. The tightness is required to bring the plies into firm contact, typically obtained with a few impacts of an impact wrench or the full effort of an iron worker using an ordinary spud wrench.  You've got to go get somebody else. He's no longer defined as an iron worker. Here's the picture of it. They show the person what to do. You go out there and you make it snug tight then you put a mark across the bolt and the nut at a corner and out on the plate. And here's a third of a turn, two thirds of a turn. No, that's a third of a turn.   You always get a little more than you think.  Next, you're gonna have a calibrated wrench. You've probably seen torque wrenches that you put all the stuff on there and you pull on the torque wrench and it gets to a preset torque that you set on the wrench and it goes pop. You can hear it click and you let go or it'll have a dial gauge on it telling you how much torque you put on there. The torque is to some extent related to the tension force in the bolt but of course there's friction on the threads and all kinds of other things. So what they probably have you do is they'll have you go take your torque wrench, they'll go take the bolt like right here, they'll put it inside of a testing machine and these will be static, there'll be a space there usually and you'll put the bolt in there, put the nut on the bottom of it. These two can't be moved, they're just immovable and as you crank up on the bolt, put a torque on the bolt, these two plates pull in a little bit and when you reach the right torque, it'll be measured. In other words, it'll tell you that you have put this much force it's just like a testing machine out in the lab. They make you do that every day before you start, go check your wrench. Then you know if it's got a dial on it, you know where you're supposed to be tightening these things down. You gotta twist off type bolts, I'll show you some of those. They got a little spline tip on the end of them and you stick a special wrench on there and the wrench cranks clockwise. I don't think it actually cranks at all, it just holds against the spline and then the outside nut is driven and first thing you know, the little tip breaks off, you're there. Direct tension indicators are little washers, I think I showed you some of those earlier, they have little protrusions on them, they stick out and when you crunch them back down from whence they came, the holes they were pushed out of, you can tell with a feeder gauge that you have reached the right tension in the bolt. They got some pictures of all that stuff. This is the spec, we've been talking about it, just now it's time I figured I'd throw in the page. J3 bolts and threaded parts, here's your high strength, here's your group A and your group B, bearing type connections, blah blah blah, snug type condition defined as, they just say into firm contact, it's considered to be the big guy with a spud wrench. All high strength bolts specified, shall be tied to a bolt tension, not less than given in these tables, we already looked at those tables. Any of the following means, direct tension indicator, twist off, so on. There was Nucor's opinion of how many turns they make them. Here's how they start out, blank a steel, get it in a machine, whack it on the head, make a head out of it. Then you see this one's longer than that one, so it has not been ground down, it's been put in something that squeezed the steel out to put a smaller dimension, there's your shank, your radius will go and your threads will go on that. Another view, another view, these are gonna be A325 bolts. That's how they tell them, got A325 on the head. Here they've done a shear on the head, stick it in there and they whack it with a thing that's got six sides on it and it just knocks these corners off. You can see where it's sheared it here. They'll clean all that up later and they also cam through the bottom so when you put it down to be, to stick it in a nut, it's easier to get the nut on. A325s, now I thought it was fascinating the first time I ever saw it.  The way they do it is they'll take one of these blocks, it's clamped to the base, they take one of these and turn it upside down so they both run the same way but one is off by half a thread and they just mash the bolt and they put just this on the top and just that on the bottom and then they take these two things and they go and the bolt goes drops out, drops out, drops out, drops out. Really nifty. And so they actually are forming these threads, they're not cutting them. That of course is better for the bolt too. It makes it stronger than having a cutting to marks down in the bottom. There's the tip, it's got a spline on it. I got some better pictures. Here, you'll notice this one has a regular washer on it because they're gonna determine the tension by this. This one has the direct tension indicator, they call it. The little protrusions, that washer used to look just like that one and they hit it with something that pushed these little things out of the washer. There's a hole behind them. They look kinda like this. You put the bolt in there. Right now, the feeler gauge just kinda flops around. You screw it down and push this thing back into the hole, the right amount. You can just barely get a feeler gauge between there, you know, that's through. A spline, here it is, it looks like this. Looks like this from the top, kinda like so. So if you put a wrench down on it like that, the wrench has that hole in it. So when you put it on there, it locks it on there rotationally, but it's still free to move in and out. So you can take this tool and you can fit it over this. And then your tool with your handle on it locks on this spline and outside here you have a motor connected to this and the motor rolls the nut in this direction. These are bearings and when the motor is so powerful that this thing is driven up and there's so much tension in the bolt, this thing breaks and that's a carefully controlled dimension right across here. And the minute it breaks, this little machine here, this thing, this wrench, it quits because it knows that it stopped because otherwise it would be like an alligator. It would roll the arm off. Well, if it doesn't break every time then I guess the wrench stalls out. Yeah, that's what they're designed. That's right, they do this very carefully.  Now the nice thing about this kind, unlike the turn of the nut, the turn of the nut, you gotta know how long, about how long the bolt is because it takes different terms of the nut. This thing doesn't know whether it's one inch long or 14 inches long until you get the right torque to cause the right tension in a short or a long bolt, this thing won't break off. And when it breaks off, you have the same tension in a short bolt or in a long bolt. How are you gonna take it out? Oh, it's still got the nuts on both ends. Well, no, this is called a button head. The nice thing about them is they don't stick out as far. They're easy, you know, just drop them in. Now the reason this one's got a head on both ends was when you were cranking this around, the bolt may wanna turn. And so you gotta have somebody with a wrench on this end.  I'm gonna have to have a head on this end.  There's a better view of the direct tension indicator. You see them sticking up there? Should have got a shot on the backside of it. These are called squirters. They have dye or ink or something like that in here when you put them on the plate, face down, then when you tighten up the bolt, when you've reached the right tension, they go, and you can see. So it's easy to inspect. I can go up there and see if they're all done properly or not. When I see a whole bunch of them don't have this hanging out, I say, who did this? Joe says, the guy who's no longer with us.  There's a bolt that's been worked in double shear. I can't imagine what the plates must look like cause the bolts are so much stronger than the plates they must have really been messed up to get that much deformation in them. You see the threads have been mashed down and the threads have been mashed down. These threads are undamaged. How come I knew it was in double shear? That's a spud wrench. Those are spud wrenches. What's this for? Shackles, okay, I could go along with that. A more common use. You gotta stick it in there here, I guess, yeah? Well, I think mostly they use this for when the pieces of steel are coming up.  Then they leave that there and they stick a bolt somewhere else. That's a drift pin. I remember the name. Is that what they call it? A drift pin? Looks a little long. I guess they say maybe you're right. Maybe that is the name. Yeah, let me write that down like I knew that. Oh, without it. Okay, all right. The spud wrench, I know that. There's a better view of one of them. It's got the spline on the end of it. I think they mostly always have a button head because you save money because you don't need the hacks on the other end and you certainly save a lot of space. Well, we always have torches and cut it off.  Okay, here's the wrench. It shows torque in both directions and of course it does put torque in both directions but this one's part of the gun, a part of the wrench and then this part rolls with respect to the wrench. There's an advertising view. I don't think I've ever seen any of them. They're that pretty. Dimensions. Notice this one has this with a head. So here was a guy I said, okay, we couldn't get those other ones off, let's buy them with a head. And here's the wrench with which they use. See the motor? It's driving through gears this outside piece. See the teeth that are good for the nut and you can't see down in there the teeth for the spline. Yes, sir, in this case, my guess is probably all electric rather than pneumatic. It's a lot easier to haul around a wire than it is air hose, yeah. And I don't know, I don't know how big they get but on offshore I don't know what they use. Could just certainly could be. All right, so back to slip critical bearing type connections, slip critical or bearing type two types, slip critical is one in which slippage is permitted. No permit, no, which no slippage is permitted, slip critical, still gonna have to be designed as a bearing type connection also. The last thing you need is to have it slip and then you don't have the backup of it still working as a bearing type connection. So even though it's a slip critical connection, it has to work both ways. In a bearing type connection, of course, you don't need to worry about the slip because it's probably in a building where this building has been loaded, who knows, a couple of times in its life maybe some things slipped and banged up against the edge of the hole. Tigger the fasteners become critical, it's why you come up with slip critical. A307s are only permitted in bearing type connections. Gonna have to have either A325 or A whatever, 99 and 490 before you're gonna be able to get enough tension in the bolt to get a slip critical connection. This is how strong your bolt is, nominally, as we said, the force that's gonna be available to you will be a friction force only. And therefore you need to know how much tension is in the bolt. So the tension in the bolt times the coefficient of friction will be how much nominal loads you get per one bolt.  That number is modified by the fact that they have found that you always, without exception, give them more tension in the bolt than the minimum required. That number happens to be 1.13. And a lot of testing and a lot of bolts too and a lot of practical applications to get that down to two decimals. So you get 1.13 times the tension in the bolt. H sub f is a filler problem. Sometimes you say, you know, this just isn't gonna fit real well. I don't know if we're gonna use this or that. And it's gonna be really hard to get it in there if that plate is just nicely on top of that. So I'm gonna put in some shims or some fillers. If you only have one filler, they'll probably leave you alone. But sometimes you just don't know that close when this thing is welded and after you get it out there. So you may need several shims. You have several shims we found that you don't get as much friction as you thought. There's too many ways this thing can slip. If you're willing to take those shims back here and bolt them on, then I'm okay. Then they won't slip because they're clamped on to something else. You have one shim, not gonna mess with you. If you have multiple shims, you're gonna have to bolt it down or I'm gonna mess with you. Shim factor is taken from, where's the shim, shim, shim? Filler factor, H sub filler. Gonna tell me about it, okay, maybe later. And then the number of slip planes, obviously if you have this condition, then putting the force on this plate gives you two friction paths through which these slip can be prevented. And therefore a number of slip planes. This coefficient of friction is dependent on the type of surface. Class A surface, one that has clean mill scale. When a lot of rust all over it, I don't want you to grease it on the way out to keep it from rusting, things like that. You can maybe paint it with certain kind of coatings that have been made for this purpose. But if you do that, then we'll call it a Class A surface. Filler factor counts for the presence of filler plates. Sometimes added, different depths shows that the presence can affect the resistance of a connection. Now I'm going from sugui on into the specs. We'll get back to that in a minute. High strength bolt, there's the equation that sugui gave you. Their numbers are, for standard size and short slotted holes, we don't use anything but standard holes. Turn, look at this, you get a resistance factor of 100%. It's that consistent. For oversized holes, we're gonna use them long slotted holes. Here's oversized holes. Here's long slotted holes. You do these in there because once you get this whole thing put together, you're not sure where the bolt holes in the other piece is gonna be. So you just gotta have a little slack, a little room in there to make sure the bolts are going to hold. In case you have worse resistance factors. Coefficient of friction for is the mean slip coefficient for Class A or B surfaces is applicable. For Class A, on unpainted clean mill scale or surfaces with Class A coatings made to do that on blast clean steel or galvanized and roughened, 0.3, which is what we use. Other surfaces can have some higher numbers but you have to prepare them to do though. These of you, 13% higher tension, always when I ask you for a minimum number you always give me a little more to make sure you got there. T to B is the tension fastener that we already discussed. Here's your filler factor. When there's no fillers, there's no fillers. In suggest number of slip planes. More on filler factor. Where bolts have been added to distribute the load in any of your fillers, if you only have one filler between the connected parts, it's a one, if you have two or more, excuse me, that's what I said, where bolts have not been added, if you only have one filler, I'm not gonna mess with you. But if you have two or more and you didn't bolt them down to something, H of F is 0.85. So you just lost 15% of the strength of your connection in slip capacity. No, I think you can make them anything you like. They could be, well you can, but then you got the same problem as you had before. You had the problem is you're not real sure, you knew the guy welded it and he tried to get it out there straight, but he's not sure, did he get hit and banged a little bit? Is it up there like a 16th of an inch?  Somebody go make another block, we'll have it tomorrow, everybody go home. So probably I'm gonna bring a couple of fat ones and I'll really thin one and I'm gonna mix and match so I get the thing done and go home. Combine tension and slip, bearing strength at the bolt holes. Here's the stuff we've already been doing. So 16.1-127 bearing strength at bolt holes. Here's again the table that tells you the minimum pretension that you must put in a different size bolt for A325 Group A or Group B. Also in metric where bolts have been added to distribute the loads. Well this is Segui's take on what you and I just covered in the specs. So that's worth doing, we'll do that one next time. See you next time. Got a quiz next time? Yes sir. For the quiz, I know you like us to put like where we find our information. Yeah. If we're checking for compactness, is it okay if we just know it, if there's like a footnote, if no... If that is, you checked it. I know you checked it. Sorry, somebody like write that? Well you wouldn't take many words, just say no F or no C. Okay, thank you. Yes sir. Is it okay if I bring you the homework that will be due Friday on Monday since I'm taking the test or it's testing some new? Sure, that's fine. Just write on there like it's supposed to and just hand me initially.


Welcome to Toffy TV, it's the Everton News Daily. It's a day of rumours rather than real news, so let's get into it. Starting off with Everton have been linked with a move for Llyw, right back, Zech i Celech. The Turkish 23-year-old international played 32 times for Llyw this season and according to the times Everton have negotiated, opened up negotiations rather with the French club for the signing of Celech. 20 million euros is the fee that has been bandied about by the times, which is roughly £17-18 million. Good player played against Chelsea in the Champions League, very good in the final third going forward. Exactly what Everton are looking for, whether or not they're going to spend £18 million on a right back remains to be seen, I guess. Obviously they didn't take up the option on Jibril Siddabi, he's gone back to Monaco. John Joe Kenny has returned from his loan at Shalka, but rumours are evident they're going to sell them anyway. So guess what they got off Kenny, they could potentially use in the deal for Celech. But at the moment, like I say, it's just the story, just the rumour that the times have put out, so we'll have to see where this one goes. Gabrielle, another Lyle defender, and if Everton were to get to Chelsea, namely that 50% of that Lyle defence, an Italian news outlet today reporting that Gabrielle may be off to Manchester United after United apparently tabled a bid, and it was accepted by the French club. This hasn't been confirmed anyway at the moment. It's very quiet with regard to that scene. Manchester United put something out today saying they were very annoyed with being used in these fake bids for players, their name being used, whether or not that's the case here. I don't know, like I say, no confirmation at the moment. Everton are waiting for the centre back to make up his mind which club to join. As a few clubs chasing him, Everton have been in contact with Gabrielle since late January with, we've said before, reports that he's even had a medical with Everton and agreed personal terms. If it was Everton and Lyle, the terms couldn't have been changed from what was agreed in February when the club thought they had the deal done, but who knows where this is at at the moment, but like I say, an Italian news outlet in Napoli who allegedly in for Gabrielle as well saying at Manchester United have agreed a deal with Lyle, so we'll have to wait and see whether that is the case or not as it may be. Everton today also linked with moves for relegated pair Joshua King of Bourmouth and Wafford at the Llywodrae Dacoree. Dacoree Everton went for twice last season when Marco Silva was in charge of both bids turned down by Wafford. He will be 28 this season but is a good player, scores goals from the centre of the park and get about the pitch. Not brilliant defensively which is where Everton are looking for really as well, looking for someone who can do both I think, which is why Alan's been, although Alan doesn't score the goals Dacoree does so it's one of them. I guess it'll be how much Wafford won for him and Joshua King, the Bourmouth striker who scored against Everton on the final day of the season is a good player from wide areas, very quick, direct and play through the middle as well. The card that makes sense given that the Bocop Premier League experience it just would depend on how much those clubs won for them. King has been rumoured for £15m, there's no thing attached to Dacoree at the moment so we'll have to wait and see whether those two are on Marcel Brands and Carlo Ancelotti's list. According to Sports Witness, Everton are on the verge of making an offer for St Eti and Winger Dennis Buwanga. The 25-year-old Winger scored 10 times for St Eti in this season. This is another one that's featured on the Everton News Daily quite a few times. Everton have lots of links to him over the last few months. He's a good player from wide areas, I think six foot one. Exactly what Everton need goals from those wide areas. Buwanga, you know, done it in the French League. Would he be able to do it in the Premier League? Who knows? But apparently he's on Marcel Brands' hit list as well. And some real news, today new signing Niels and Cuncu began his Everton career today training with the under-23s at Finchfarm for the first time since his move from Marseille. He's going to be training with David Underway to men. The first team is you back in the fortnight today. There is a school of thought that Cuncu will be training with the first team as well when they're back as understudies to Leucardine. Whether or not he remains the understudy this season or whether I haven't looked for a loan for a left-back position, it's unclear at the moment. Obviously that was made more complicated with Leighton Baines' retirement last week because the plan had originally been for Cuncu to spend the season with the 23s and possibly half the season on loan somewhere. But obviously Baines' decision has changed that now and Cuncu may find himself as the back-up left-back to Leucardine. I'll have to wait to see on that one. That's it. Make sure you give this video a thumbs up. Subscribe if you haven't already. And if you want more videos, join us on Patreon. The link is in the description. See you later.


Election Day is about three and a half weeks away and tonight Lakeland Public Television continued its long tradition of providing you a look at your legislative candidates facing off head to head in debates. Our fourth and final night of debates took place in our Brainerd Studios. The Senate District 10 matchup has incumbent Republican Senator Kerry Roode facing D.F. Eller, Tiffany Stingline. One of the topics discussed was the issue over the state's role in providing for our growing population of seniors. Last year we were able to give the nursing home attendants and the workers a 5% raise. That really helped them. It helped in retention of employees. It helped for getting more employees which we're short on. So I think we're doing a good job. We can always do better. You know, Senate District 10 has the most people on social security of any district so we know that we have that coming down the pike. But I think working with our care providers and listening to them as we have, we have several meetings set up already for next week to listen to them and ask them what they need and I think working in a cooperative way that way will get the job done. There is a tiny tax credit on the state tax system or in the state tax system I should say to encourage folks to invest in their own long-term care insurance. I think that we need to front-end some of that and maybe expand that credit, expand the people who are getting their own long-term care insurance. Of course the other option is that when your own finances run out, if you don't have long-term care insurance, then the state ends up supporting your care on Medicaid because we want people to have care. And unfortunately that's going to end up putting a burden on the state but it's one that we need to take care of people. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


Welcome to American Newsweek Take One. I'm Tim Appachell, your host. And today's title is Americans, or excuse me, MAGA GOP Against Ukraine Supports Putin. Since 2016, we've seen Donald Trump praise Vladimir Putin all the time. And that hasn't stopped until this week, Putin has, excuse me, Trump has compared Putin to is on top of his game. He did the same thing with President Xi. And what's behind that? In fact, what's behind the MAGA GOP seemingly supporting Russia and Putin, despite the horrible things that Russia and Putin has done? Like what?  He's jailed his political enemies. He has initiated a war, a war of war crimes, most likely 100,000 or more troops, Russian troops dead. So what's the praise? Yet, Donald Trump does it. And to follow Donald Trump, his minions of MAGA GOP, they also praise Russia. What's the bottom of this? We're gonna get to that. With me today are my esteemed guests, Chuck Crumpton and my co-host, Jay Fidel. Good morning, gentlemen. Chuck, remember in Helsinki, Donald Trump is at the podium and all the intelligent agencies said most likely Russia was involved in that election, the 2016 election. He basically said, I don't see why he would be. I've talked to him and he's very serious that he wasn't involved. So Donald Trump right there in the world stage took Vladimir Putin's word over his own agency's word. That was just the beginning of things. And then all through his election, he continued to praise Putin and he's a smart guy, he's a genius and that continued on for quite some time. So here we are. Ukraine, we're now into plus 500 days, thousands and thousands of people dead and where's the genius in Putin and why does Trump have the love affair and therefore his MAGA GOP followers have a love affair with Putin, Russia and against Ukraine. Tough question, I know, but here it is. Well, I mean, first of all, you got to remember that for narcissists, the theme, the guiding principle, the cardinal tenet is always, it's not what you do, it's what you get away with, it counts. So if you look at an autocrat, a dictator, no matter how egregiously, immoral, inhumane, if they do it and they get away with it, that's going to earn Trump's admiration and emulation and allegiance. Well, doesn't his followers realize that what they're supporting is really quite un-American? That's a great question. I think rephrasing it just a little bit, can any of us figure out what his followers actually do realize of what is truthful and reality? I don't know, I don't know how low on that scale you can go and find a common denominator where there actually is a majority of his followers who actually realize the truth of that reality. Well, last question then, where is the public shame, if you want to call it that, the scarlet letter of basically defining people as being way out of step with our ideals of the Constitution, the rule of law and anti-autocratic society?  I guess that's my question. Well, that one, I think we've had a lot of opportunity to realize that as long as the the victims, the ones whom it's asserted against, the ones whose rights are excluded, taken away, eroded, are the other. They're not his white, largely male, but also female evangelical base. They're fine with it. The question is- They're fine with it. Yeah, they are. That's what makes me scratch my head to say they're not just fine with it. They're blatantly fine with it. And I just don't know where that has, how that's caught on. Jay, to you, how is that caught on? How has a certain segment of this population of the United States, maybe 30%, 35% somewhere in there, how is something like this so un-American that you're supporting Russia and Putin, how is that caught on and how did that happen? Yeah, just to tell you, the last time I looked, 64% of Republicans, that's not Republican, Maga Republicans, 64% of Republicans oppose further aid and support to Ukraine. It's really extraordinary. And it's changed. I'd like to go back and have a little walk with you guys in history. You know, we had a cold war going on and we didn't like much about what Russia was doing and Putin's predecessors. And it was a cold war. It was always a threat of a hot water. It was a nuclear cold war.  Okay, first of all, went to around the time that Trump was first elected, a New York Times reporter went to a gun show in the South and walked among the booths there. And the question was always the same. How did it feel about Russia? And the answer was always the same. Oh yeah, we haven't treated Russia fairly. We ought to give Russia more credit. They're really our friend. We ought to straddle up to Russia. Russia, they're good people.  Now Russia was the good guy, what happened here?  If you went through that gun show today, you'd hear the same noise and they would be saying the same things, perhaps more stridently. So I think it's a two step, Tim. And what I mean by that is that we have a cult with Trump and people will follow him even if he boots somebody on Fifth Avenue. There are no guardrails, as Chuck suggests. They'll buy anything he's selling. And indeed, you know, they do know better in their hearts, they know better. They know the Russians are not good for us. They know the United States must stand up and follow the principles that have guided it all this time. They know that it's not a good thing to oppose aid to Ukraine, but their greatest loyalty is not to the history and morality of the United States. Their greatest loyalty is to the cult. To Trump, whatever he wants them to do, they do. You know, what's troubling about that is, you know, he takes the position, increasingly so, against Ukraine, and they follow him. And I suppose now if you ask most of them, there's 64%, maybe nearly 100% of the magus, they would say no more support for Ukraine. And certainly, you know, the Marjorie Taylor Green, ultra-conservatives would count that to the heavens. And I find it extraordinary. And I find Kevin McCarthy extraordinary. Remember, he's the guy that said, all of this with the Department of Justice is all of which, and we should disregard everything they're doing. Now, what these people are saying collectively is, they're against whatever Joe Biden wants to do. They're against the country. They're against what they know of the better angels. And they're with Trump. And that means part of that is we want to destroy the country. We've had enough of this democracy thing. We are looking for a strong autocratic leader and we'll follow him wherever he wants us to go. This is very, very discouraging. You know, this is what's happening. As you just said, in that explicit way, why aren't we hearing this from other leaders, the Democrats, the independents, those in the GOP party that are not for Trump, they're not for Putin? Why haven't we heard the words that you just spoke from other people? Well, I think democratic parties, the nomenclature is wrong. It's really the democratic fragmentation. You know, they get under that umbrella, but they're really completely fragmented. Yesterday, Jay Powell, remember her? She was the ultra left wing. When Biden was trying to put his package together, she was opposing him because it wasn't left wing enough. The infrastructure package, right? Or whatever it was. Right, right. I think she's got some kind of organic problem. She goes yesterday and she says, Israel is a racist state. Okay, that is completely wrong, completely unfair. But that's Jay Powell. And you know, with all the issues that are threatening this country, for her to go on national TV, on a national platform, and say that when she could be saying, what are you guys doing about Ukraine? What are you guys doing about the Department of Justice? What are you doing about Article 14th Amendment Section 3? What are you doing about that? She's talking about Israel as a racist state. What I'm saying is that she's not the only one, but she represents the fragmentations with Democratic Party. So if you're looking for a national leader among the Democratic Party, we have a way to go. Good point. Thank you, Jay. Hey, Chuck, you know, Jay made a really great observation that 64% of the GOP, it's not just the 33, 35% MAGA GOP that are kind of on board with this. Should we make a distinction of those who oppose Ukraine versus those who support Putin? Is there a difference in that? If there is, we haven't seen it. But Jay hit on another point that I think is really central to that. We have to remember when Barack Obama was elected and the Republicans still had slight majority in the Senate, Mitch McConnell was quoted as saying, my job is to stop everything he does. They have been oppositional at a level and to an extreme and through the use of extremism in ways that we have not historically seen. I'm glad you brought up Mitch McConnell. You recall his nickname back in 2016-17? Moscow Mitch. That's the one. Hey, Chuck, who do you think are the main cheerleaders of this movement to give Russia a pass or even pat them on the back? Atta boy, Pat's on the back. And certainly against further funding or extensive funding of the Ukraine war effort. Who do you think are the main folks involved in that? Well, if you're talking about the Republican side of the fence, it's probably easier to say who's not part of that. Certainly Liz Cheney, if whatever she is, is not. Tim Scott probably isn't. Well, that's a sad comment you just made. Who's not opposed to supporting Russia? I mean, think about that statement you just made. Yeah, find a Republican who stands up to that. Can I add something to this? The Republican Party really, I mean, I say that Democrats are fragmented, but the Republican Party is really lockstep fools, they're fools, they're buying what Trump has to say. And he's responsible for this. Never forget Comey rules. The book, the movie, and the fact. Trump was down on Comey, why? Why was he trying to control the FBI? Why was he making these undermining statements through the FBI and the intelligence agencies? Because he didn't want them to investigate him in his connection with Putin and Russia. And that's very clear in the Comey experience. He was afraid that, you know, who knows about the golden shower? I personally continue to believe that really happened. You know, the steel dossier. But it's more than that, is that he was lying about this hotel he wanted to build in Moscow. He was lying about the fact that Putin helped him big time in the 2016 election. And by the way, we've talked about this before. Perkoshin was the head of the IRA, the internet research agency that worked for Putin in Moscow using social media trying to affect our election in 2016. And I suggest to you, they did. And I suggest to you, they probably tried the same thing in 2020. But, you know, it wasn't well managed and the Republicans in general weren't well managed. So it didn't work, but that doesn't mean they didn't try. And it doesn't mean they won't try in 2024. So Krumpp has a lot to be afraid of. He's got to be afraid that it's gonna come out about the unholy relationship he enjoys with Putin. It's not just the war. He doesn't want people to know the unholy things that the unholy agreements he's made with Putin. Hey, Chuck, you know, Donald Trump seems to be the Pied Piper of mayhem and autocracy. The leader of, you know, would be autocracy for our government.  Sometimes it's a bullhorn where it's very obvious. But when it comes to support of Putin and Russia, is he using the same dog whistle? For example, how is Tucker Carlson night after night after night basically saying that Russia needs to be gain our support? I've seen some video of him saying explicitly those words. I should support, I should be supporting Russia. So if Donald Trump's the leader of the party, the leader of the pact, is it a dog whistle? He's blowing on this or is it more explicit? That's a great question. And I think it calls to mind for me, this may seem a little bit tangential, but it's not really an ancient Confucian saying, which is more eloquent in the Mandarin. But basically it is, it's hard to see the light when your head's in a really dark place. Point, excellent point. You know, and it brings us right back to who in the GOP has the integrity, the character and the courage to stand up to this and say, you know what, this is wrong. This was an attack on a sovereign nation, a contrary to all the principles of international law. He's already been adjudicated a war criminal. And you're praising this guy?  I mean, if that's the extent of his sins, look at Vladimir Putin.  He throws people out the window and not personally, he has people throw his opponents out the window, yet he gets a pass from those in the Republican party as, ah, no big deal.  How does that pass the Giggle test? How does that pass the sensibility test for what we do as a nation, what we say as a nation, what we support as a nation? How is that possible? How is any of this possible? You've got an ex-president who's already been indicted twice. He'd likely to be indicted on major charges, felony charges at least two more times. Hey, you've got a group of people who are holding on to his coattails because he's still got control of the big bad donors, the money. There is no moral grounds or principle for any of this stuff. And they've neglected the fact that four million Americans a year turn 18. A number of million Americans every year is seniors pass. You look at those numbers and between 2016 and 2024, for that eight year period, that's a 52 million person potential voter pool. That's making a difference. And the Gen Z people are issue-oriented. They're not party-oriented, but as long as Biden and other Democrats take principal positions on key issues, whether it's women's reproductive rights or LGBTQ equality or diversity in education and in employment or any of the other areas, protection of the environment, any of them, they're going to be met with oppositional, amoral positions coming from the MAGA GLP and the rest of them who tag along because that's where the donors are. That's where the money is. All right. Hey, Jay, is in this environment of a rising tide within the GOP party to support Russia and maybe come out against Ukraine at least as far as funding, is Ukraine and Zelensky running out of time in this war? Will time not be beneficial? Oh, clearly, going on too long. It's a war where Putin wants to put it off. Putin wants to see Ukraine lose the funding and he's doing everything he can to achieve that in this country, in the EU and NATO, that through his proxies and otherwise. So I think we're almost at a year and a half now. Where does Zelensky begin to collapse and coming soon? If we don't provide the weapons, if we don't provide the money, if the Republicans have their way on the military budget and all the things they're tacking onto the military budget, including I'm sure that ultimately there'll be a limitation on support for Ukraine and the military budget, or at least as far as they see it. Zelensky won't have what he needs and if he doesn't get what he needs from somewhere else, he's presiding over a country that's essentially already in ruins. How can he deal with Russia? Although Russia is weak, Russia has sanctions to cope with but Russia under Putin still, even after a pregasion, is determined to keep fighting Ukraine and throwing Ukraine. So I think to answer your question, I think I hate to say it, but Zelensky is running out of time. Well, let's look at this timeline. Do you feel that Putin will hang in there long enough to see if Donald Trump becomes the 47th president? Well, if I'm at first, let me answer it going from the other side. If Trump becomes the 47th president, that's the end of Ukraine, right there. That's it. If he doesn't, but the Republicans remain opposed to supporting the war in Ukraine, that's a big problem. And of course, we still have what? The year and some months to go before that election. And Congress is in disarray, what shall I say? And the Republicans in the House are doing more disruptive things every day. McCarthy's more disruptive every day. And Marjorie Taylor Greene and her friends more disruptive every day. I can visualize a visible, tactile lack of support from Congress for Ukraine, which could have an effect on all of that before the election. Remember that if we are the leaders, we are the de facto leaders, we give more than any country in Europe more than really any combination of countries in Europe. If we stop, what are they gonna do? What is NATO gonna do? Even the most ardent, the strongest members of NATO depend on the leadership of the United States. Well, given that statement, that seems to play into the hand of the GOP criticism of support for Ukraine is that, once again, the United States is, you know, footing the bill for a proxy war. If you look at the percent to GNP, NATO countries are doing just fine. But as far as nominal dollar amounts, you know, United States is contributing far, far more for ammunition, weaponry, things of that nature. What about addressing that criticism? A couple of things. One is, you know, we've been the world leader, the city on the hill since World War II. Okay, two is we invented the liberal world order. That is our creation. We have got to support it. Three is we are the strongest economic power in the room. We have the ability. And four is the flip side is if we don't do it, it will collapse. It's not just their problem. We're talking about the liberal world order. We're talking about sovereignty. We're talking about some kind of God rails on countries that would like to invade their neighbors. If we don't stand up for that, the next step will be much worse. So in supporting Ukraine, obviously we're acting in our own interest. It's not that we're writing checks for people who don't care. It's just that we're writing checks to preserve our own principles and strength on the world stage. Okay, Chuck, you know, prior to World War II, we had several factions in this country, most of them on the East Coast. The Charles Lindbergh leaders were very much in support of Nazi Germany's efforts and certainly didn't have a problem with Herr Hitler. Are we in that same kind of environment? Or is history repeating itself as far as certain segments of our population, in this case, MAGA GOP, is history repeating itself in that way? It's a great question. And on the one hand, clearly there are a lot of really important common elements between what happened in concessions that wound up leading to Hitler's rise, power takeovers of Poland and other countries and what's happening with Putin now. There are certainly common elements between Putin's and Hitler's commitment to expending whatever resources it took, human and material, to win a war of attrition over other sovereign countries. And if you look at the recent NATO meeting, the strongest advocates, the most vocal advocates for Ukraine and its support were the other central and Eastern European small countries who know that they're next. So yeah, this is a juggernaut. It's a pattern. And unless somebody puts a stop to it, it will continue. But it never bet against people who are defending their homeland. If we learn then from the historical context, when the United States entered World War II, that support ended very abruptly. The door closed quickly because the war was on against Germany. So that support nationwide for Germany for those factions in our country. That was the end of that. Will this issue raise its head in the 2024 campaign? I mean, obviously Donald Trump brought it up at his campaign stop, going on and on about how China's President Xi is on the top of his game. Putin is at the top of his game and our guy is not. I mean, I've never seen anything quite that explicit of praising two countries that are trying to undermine the United States. And yet not only giving them a pass, but he praises them. Will we see more of that in the 2024 rhetoric? I think the Democrats would have to be really foolish to miss the opportunity to capitalize on the international support from countries that Americans do feel alliances with and support for England, France, Germany, others. And to make that a central part of the campaign, Biden is much, much stronger on foreign policy and achievement than Trump will ever be. Okay, well, let me go with that comment. Jay, in past, the GOP party has been the successfully taking the ground on the narrative that the GOP is the patriotic party of this country. Democrats, not so much. Is this an opportunity for the Democrats to say, no, wait a minute, we're for democracy. We're for the rule of law. We're for the defense of the constitution. You guys are giving Putin a gold star. Where is the patriotic effort in that? Is this an opportunity for the Democrats to seize that opportunity? Now, first I want to go back and talk about the way it was in the 30s with the Nazis in this country. Rachel Maddow made a commendable series, a podcast series called Ultra, when she got off her five day a week platform on MSNBC. And it's a very interesting read or listen, so to speak. But, and by the way, it went beyond the East Coast. It was also on the Nazis were on the West Coast and they were in the Midwest too, but in terms of the numbers, in terms of the effect on public opinion, not nearly as threatening as what we have now, what we have now is much worse. Because in those days in the 30s, people were more patriotic. They could remember World War I, they could remember what we did. They may have fought in World War I. So I think patriotism has been lost and twisted and perverted. And to go further, it just drives me up a wall when I see Trump out there. Surrounded, wrapped in American flag. As he says things and advocates for things that bring down the American flag, that bring down the country, the democracy, the constitution, all the rights, all the fantastic achievements the country has made over the years. He's trying to kill the country, but wrap himself in the flag. That is just mind boggling. And he's not the only one. The Republicans do that in general. Take a look at some of their photographs and the movie clips, and you will see this is part of their spelling point. And to suggest somehow, like interlinear to suggest that they believe in patriotism. How can you be patriotic when you're trying to destroy the democracy? And yet there are people out there that buy that. It's really out of one of those novels like Animal Farm or Brave New World where truth is fiction and fiction is truth, where the flag and patriotism are not the flag and patriotism. It's all perverted and people should not buy that. Now, to finally to get to the crux of my answer to your question, and that is this, it's up to the media, okay? And it's up to the democratic leadership too to respond to this point for point every single day. And yet we still have this notion of like balanced news. Yeah, I suppose Tucker Carlson may have a point. Let's have some footage on him. In fact, it's out of, it's crazy. So I think the media is not doing its job and the media has got to be really sharp. You know, a lot of the media that you see on cable TV, it's making fun of Trump. This is not a lighthearted moment. It's the end of our world, our country, our position in the global community. We really have to be serious about it and we have to respond point for point whenever people like Carlson or Trump make these outrageous statements. Right, Chuck's in question to you. Is the democratic party missing an opportunity by not taking the field on patriotism? Again, I think in the past, the GOP party owned it either through Lee Greenwood's proud to be an American song, country Western song to wrapping themselves in the flag and standing for a strong military support for law enforcement and love of country. They've had that field for every election I can remember growing up. Now, here's an opportunity for the Democrats to say your brand of patriotism is suspect. Should the Democrats take advantage of this moment? They really have no choice not to do that because the Republicans are now attacking the pinnacle of law enforcement, the Department of Justice, the FBI, the intelligence community, all of those things. They're oppositional to anyone that Trump declares to be his enemy. People need to be reminded of that. They need to be helped to see that. This needs to be brought up. Jay is exactly right. The values of democracy which Joe Biden has stressed and he stressed in the 2020 elections, which helped him need to be core elements of the communications, the image and the campaign for the Democrats. All right, we've run out of time. So last thoughts, Jay, to you. I'm very worried because, you know, we have been following this for years now and every time we look at it there are more things happening who suggest that our country is deteriorating politically and socially and maybe financially ultimately and militarily and in terms of being the city on the hill and being a national or international leader. So I'm very worried about this and if you don't ask me to bet on it, that's what I'll tell you now. Okay, Chuck, that means you get the last word. I would just second Jay on that. If independent critical thinking in just enough of the sector of the electorate whether it's Gen Z or beyond that it can make a difference again as it did in 2020 and 2022. That may be our hope for 2024. But we're going to need a controlling majority to be able to effect actual change that's going to elevate democracy to a sustainable level. All right, two great last comments from two great guests. I'd like to thank my co-host Jay Fidel and my special esteemed guest Chuck Crumpton. I'm Tim Apachella. This is American Issues Take One. Won't you join us next week? And until then, aloha. Thank you so much for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please click the like and subscribe button on YouTube. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn. Check out our website, thinktechawaii.com. Mahalo.


Hey everyone. Good morning once again, and thank you for joining in. Good to see you. I hope you all are doing well Let's pray and we'll get started Father we submit this Sessions into your hands the first and the second Lord even as we get back to Learning from your word. Holy Spirit. I pray that We will encounter you like never before I pray that the scriptures will spring to life as we learn from it Thank you for every individual Thank you for what you're doing in them and through them Give you all the glory of great Jesus name. Amen Awesome. Once again, good to see you all Good morning, Lobega. Thank you for confirming that the audio is okay Hi, Zalitoli. Hi Rosalind. Hello Anita. Hi Leah Jefina See yeah, this is to a quick recap of where we left off last week and we continue so Last in the last session. We extensively looked at the worship in the Old Testament how it was organized and in the tabernacle of briefly in the tabernacle of the temple of Solomon that is and You know how the singing and the sacrifices was done in one accord It was a session of celebration. It was a meeting meeting place of For joy and it was filled with joy and celebration and music and dancing and shouting of love Love noise making love noise And so we see that David kind of set the order because we read that later Even during the time of Nehemiah and Ezra That it says that they followed the order of David that they that what he said and so there was The worship we can see Very briefly in the Old Testament or during the time of the second time first temple was it was Administrative well, it was organized with a worship ministry in general, right? That's what I'm talking about and then we looked at what the psalms we can't talk about Old Testament and worship and not talk about psalms right because In the context of worship psalms are a big deal And so we saw what the psalms have to teach us about worship We addressed with the five philosophical questions when where why what and how we looked into that and And I requested you all to go through the next segment is worship in the New Testament very briefly I'll just go through it because I believe you all would have done that but Again just to give a gist, you know the in the New Testament There were synagogues and and the home a cell group kind of meetings, okay Our life groups as we call it a cell groups was prominent was big Because that that was it was in its final form which had started during their time Of exile in Babylon because they did not have a common place to meet a meeting place a place Corporate a place of corporate worship a place for corporate worship Because they were in Babylon Right in a in a in a Gentile nation as they would call it or in a pagan nation as they would call it They would meet in small groups in different houses and when they got back they continued Do doing that 70 years later the continued meeting in cell groups And so what we later see in the New Testament is in its final form are the synagogues And also small groups so they continue to meet in fellowship in houses and what not and and singing would take place And we have multiple scriptures, you know that is mentioned in the notes from the Romans 15 and plus current is 14 And One of the couple of scriptures that I want to highlight from the previous section Although it's worship in the New Testament in your PDFs would be page 15 is Colossians 3 16 And Hebrews 2 12 Colossians 3 16 it says let the word of Christ dwell in you Richly in all wisdom teaching and admonishing one another in Psalms and hymns and spiritual songs Singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord. So singing was encouraged and we can actually Deceiver or break that verse Colossians 3 16 and actually it's done but You know it starts off by saying let the word of Christ dwell in you richly The Colossians 3 16 and Ephesians 5 17 and 18 it says be filled with the Holy Spirit Don't be drunk with wine but be filled with the Holy Spirit, right? And so let the word of Christ dwell in you richly dwell We're gonna be looking at that word more deeply today So let the word of Christ dwell in you. It's simply that well is dwelling place, right? It's another word for it. Let it tabernacle in you That's the word, okay So when we read in John chapter 1 verse 14 It says the word became flesh and he dwelt among us means he tabernacled Among us and so when the Colossians 3 16 says let the word of Christ be tabernacle Let it let it not leave let it be pitched in your heart and as a result of that you know, you would sing in Psalms and hymns and spiritual songs and And you see the other side of that coin in Ephesians 5 18 goes on to say that don't be drunk in wine But be filled with the Holy Spirit I think most of the Christians We are very good at following the first part of that commandment That means which is don't be drunk with wine.  Yes, a pastor brother. I'm a Christian. I don't drink But what about the second part of that commandment? He goes on to say we completely ignore that we We have we do not give enough importance. He's goes on to say be filled with the Holy Spirit and again as a result of that Paul goes on to say sing to one another in Psalms hymns and spiritual songs and so the word of God Was and the Holy Spirit was given great importance Which resulted in worship in the New Testament and that's how And that is the importance that was given in the New Testament As we see along with corporate worship and whatnot. Okay, right. I hope you all are okay so far So what we'll do today will start off with the tabernacle of Moses Okay, the tabernacle of Moses. We are in page 16. Am I right? Yes, in your PDFs Hope the page numbers correct. So we're all following along. All right All of you have your PDFs with you, right? Just give me a quick thumbs up if you do some so if you're a bit on the same page every one Okay, great. Awesome. Thank you for confirming that Right. So the tabernacle of Moses It's it's we know that it was an Image or a shadow or a pattern that already existed in the heavens that was shown to Moses Okay, let's go to Hebrews chapter 8 Hebrews chapter 8 near by was Hebrew So it goes on to say Hebrews 8 was one onwards It says now the point in what we are saying is this we have such a high priest one who was seated at the right hand Of the throne of majesty in heaven a minister in the holy places in the true tent But the Lord set up not man Okay for every high pieces appointed to offer gifts and sacrifices Thus it is necessary for this hype for this priest also to have something to offer was five They serve a copy Shadow of heavenly things For when Moses was about to erect the tent He was instructed by God saying see that you make everything according to the pattern that was shown you on the mountain So Moses received the blueprint so to say from God and he goes on to say in the verse 5 Make sure you build according to the pattern that was shown to you Okay, so so the tabernacle of Moses Was a shadow of the heavenly things which already existed In the heavens, okay, which all and that was what was shown to Moses But here's the thing Why is the tabernacle of Moses important in the Old Testament and why is it important for us as Christians or as Bible college students to understand or even learn Why is is because If you have to study about the tabernacle We'd the first time God instructs is in Exodus 25 Okay, but Let's not start there Let's go to Genesis chapter 3 Okay, if turn with me you will to Genesis chapter 3 It's the famous chapter chapter of the fall the chapter that we will all hold when we get to heaven and ask Adam What's up with this? Why did this happen? Okay? I'm just kidding. Okay So Genesis chapter 3 So you see that God has created everything now and is there in the garden of Eden Eden the garden of Eden was a divine place. It was a meeting place Sort of safe, but where heaven and earth would meet Okay, just why no one is able to locate the garden of Eden as if it was an earthly thing Okay, it was a meeting place a common place where the with the divine would meet with the humanity Divinity would meet with the humanity. Okay, that's where they walk They fell a ship together. They walked in the cool of the garden. They had that communion With the Lord creation man had communion with the Lord But then in but in chapter 3 verse 8 We see that and they heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day and Adam and his wife hid themselves From the presence of the Lord God Among the trees of the garden. Okay. Um, so this is where we actually have to begin the tabernacle is When sin entered They hid themselves from the presence of the Lord. That means they separated themselves from the presence of the Lord So the simple definition of what sin is It's being separated from God. That's what it is Right. It is when God comes and asks Adam where are now God already knows the answer. He doesn't need to know where he is and or hear from Adam to know where he is It's almost some of the scholars in a way. They interpreted is It's a cry as in when God comes back to the meeting place saying Adam I Can't find your spirit here It's something like that. And so that's why when you read in Ephesians chapter 2 it says we were dead in sin What happens when we die physically? so our spirit our soul leaves our body and This physical body just falls dead Right has nothing it's been separated, isn't it? So the soul spirit and soul has been separated from your physical body. And so you just you die physically Right, and it's the same thing spiritually is sin because of sin we were separated our spirit was separated from the spirit of God and everything sins is To make that reconciliation happen Now why do we have to start the tabernacle from here is? From Genesis chapter 3 All the way to Exodus 25 Okay, Genesis chapter 3 all the way till Exodus 25 Exodus chapter 25 you can think about all the great stories that has happened the timeline is approximately 2,500 years Is what is claimed The time approximately so the timeline between between Genesis chapter 3 from the time of the fall till Exodus 25 is Approximately 2,500 years now. Why is this important for us to know is because for 2,500 years There was no dwelling place for God on earth Now in between all that those years We see that there was visitations of God God visited he visited Abraham, right? He would speak to Noah and you can think of all the great stories that has happened He showed himself to Hagar. There were so many Christophonies and Theophonies I mean Joshua chapter 5 he comes as the Lord of the captain of the Lord of hosts, right? So there were visitations of the Lord his hand was on him, right? But there was no dwelling place For God. There was no meeting place You know continuously where divinity and humanity would be in communion and it seemed like Man was okay with that Nobody felt the need to ask Will you come won't you come and live with us? But God takes that initiative. Okay, it's been 2,500 years without me not having dealt with my people and So he gives the blueprint of Moses Here it is So the tabernacle of Moses was mending, you know like a mending a tear Which was separated which was torn we were separated from the spirit of God We were we were lost hopelessly as orphans We were left to die But then God makes this initiative to give this plan. Okay, you know what?  He says for the first time There is a dwelling place a resting place in other words for God here on earth Right and so the cause of all that was being separated from the presence of God is was Are you with me so far? Yeah So he chooses he Pete and for him to again after the fall I said there are so many great stories, isn't it from Genesis chapter 3 and and the first 11 chapters of the Bible it seems like a major failure Right of every other every project, like, you know, but then God doesn't give up He starts he picks a man called Abraham Right, and he starts a new line of race through Abraham He just starts a new race of people I Mean only God can do that Right and you Abraham was already 70 75 years old. He was not even a baby He said, okay, you know, but even just starting a new race. How do you start a new race? Race of people, you know only God can do that and and and he tells and he gives us all this promise to Abraham actually, let's go to Genesis 15. Are you all with me guys? Or I'll like board Okay, all right Genesis chapter 15 Let's go to 13 verse 13 onwards 13 14 and 15. I'll read 13 and 14. I think is enough Genesis chapter 15 verse 13. It says then he said to Abraham He is God Know certainly that your descendants will be strangers in a strange land that is not their own and will serve them and they will afflict them 400 years and Also, the nation whom they serve I will judge Afterward, they shall come out with great possessions. Okay, so what who's what who's God talking about? Egyptians isn't it so God is prophesying to Abraham about what what his descendants are going to Go through 400 years ahead 400 years ahead, I mean that's it's not surprising because it's God. He's outside of time Right? He's in the past present and the future all at once and so he's telling Abraham 400 years from now your descendants There will be a strangers in the strange land. They will be persecuted. They will you know, they will be punished but The nation that they serve I will judge God says and they and when they come out of that nation They will come out with great possessions. That means they will come out with the law of wealth New King James versions or King James version says with great substance Okay, are you with me now? So this is God telling Abraham about his descendants And about Egypt Now just let's go back a little bit Rewind a little bit and go to Genesis chapter 13 Okay, Genesis chapter 13 So there is a time when Abraham goes to Egypt. You remember that this is where it is, okay So between in Genesis 12 verse 10 to 20 Genesis chapter 12 10 to 20 talks about Abraham's time in Egypt Okay, but here's just check this out Genesis chapter 13 verse 1 onwards. It says then Abram went up from Egypt He's coming up from Egypt. He and his wife and all that he had and lot with him to the south Abraham was very rich in livestock in silver and in gold So again Abraham was in Egypt. We don't really know how many years I Should say I don't really know how many years But when he came out of Egypt, he came out with great possession. He came out a wealthy man Okay, and so again, there's a pattern. There's a shadow Through is his life You know this God speaks through you know like this The he has great fun in communicating like this giving us, you know It's what we call it as Easter eggs here and there the clues and whatnot, right? So he leaves all these things and then from you know from 12 He starts a new race of people and then Jacob and his sons a Joseph we all know again Is the minister is made the prime minister of Egypt and then they came a pharaoh who did not know Joseph or what he had done And so God uses this 400 years They kid, you know of this I think approximately 70 odd people went into the country of Egypt as a family And in 400 years, they come out as a nation Right, they go in as a family But they come out a nation of people of people All right, and so And it is this people Through whom and God chooses Moses You know, we all know the story and then after all of this great story is when we actually arrived at Exodus 25 Exodus chapter 25 Exodus 25 verse 8 Verse 8 it says and let them make me a sanctuary that I may dwell among them Now by this chapter exit by Exodus 25 a lot of things have happened again Right from Exodus 19 You know, actually let's go to Exodus 19. I just don't want to give you the reference Exodus Exodus chapter 19 and Verse 3 onwards it says and Moses went up to God and the Lord called to him from mountain saying Thus you shall say to the house of Jacob and tell the children of Israel You have seen what I did to Egyptians and how I bore you on eagle's wings and brought you to myself Verse 5 and Now therefore if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant Then you shall be a special treasure to me above all people For all the earth is mine and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation Spaws there, okay God's heart originally was for the entire nation of Israel to be a nation of priests a holy nation a kingdom of priests So between 19 and chapter 19 and verse 25 and chapter 25 Children of Israel say they look at this whole mountain which is on fire and the leaders of the Israel say they are scared It's like and they tell Moses Moses. We don't want to talk with this God You speak with him and you tell us what to do. We will do everything they were lying but but you can understand their Why they're afraid, you know to a certain degree because again, we have to remember that these people Were in Egypt for 400 odd years, isn't it and for 400 400 years is equivalent to 10 generations Right, that's 10 generations you can lose a lot of church in 10 generations Right for generation after generation after generation, they've only seen and been exposed to the gods of Egypt Right the idols that they have made, you know, because that's the only thing they can see they have never Never encountered or seen anything like this God And they see the whole a mountain is on fire that like the whole earth is shaking and trembling and They had no idea what who they were going to meet and encounter in the desert But they were there and God's heart was them from the beginning was I have brought you to myself That means he's saying I did not bring you out for the sake of bringing you out That means I'm not giving you freedom for the sake of giving you freedom so you can do whatever you want to do I am setting you apart. That means I'm bringing you to myself and If you obey me and keep my commandments, you will be a kingdom of priests and a holy nation But that's and then God goes on to give the 10 commandments We all know what happens people of Israel sin They build a golden calf the great possession and substance they came out with all the wealth and gold and everything they use it to build a golden calf and God is angry his wrath is poured out as judgment and Moses says Those who are on the Lord's side shall come to me and It says in the Bible now only the Levites went running towards him The people of the tribe of Levites went running everything. I'm saying is in the Bible by the way, so you just read it. Okay, and so The tribe of Levites being the priests priestly tribe begins from there. That's the origin Okay, and then again within the nation out in the 12 tribes God chooses one tribe To be the priests that are set apart for him and it is through those priestly lineage from Moses and Aaron and medium You know the functionality and the commandments and the duties of the tabernacle is given Okay, now everything what we've spoken so far is just like the origin story of the tabernacle Okay, so we just kind of scratch the surface of What the tabernacle is really is is all about okay, so please tell me you're all alive Okay, awesome Any questions or thoughts you want to ask or share now? But just before we continue all right then, okay Let me just show you an imagination Picture an imagined picture of the tabernacle I would could have looked like could have would have should have right It's just a nice rendition a good imagination of the tabernacle By the way, all these images are available in Google images So you see all it's from every side on from the outside it was surrounded with this white cloth linen right all four sides and What we call as the outer coats is this can you see my arrow moving? There's a brazen altar or Bronze altar or also known as the altar of sacrifice Here just before the tent you see it's a bronze labor or brazen labor where it was filled with water and on the inside It was fit. It was made of the mirrors It would get to that in just a bit and then from here on is the inner coats and You see the divine light the cloud The glory of God, okay, so They were The tabernacle had four sides. That's not southeast west But if you have to enter there was only one gate There was only one way To enter everything, okay And all the tents of people pitched all sides Yeah, can I stop sharing this image? Kids show another image you share another one now God gives a lot of commands commandment to people on Excuse me guys, sorry Now Every you know you'll read all about this in the book of numbers in Deuteronomy As God is very specific about which tribe should be which side of the tabernacle and all of that and so if the tabernacle was in the middle and it has four sides the east the south the north and the west and According to their population so each side, you know it had and so each side would have three tribes and All the four side each three the three tribes will have one flag And so that's why you see the camp of Judah which was like the H camp each Camp had a leading tribe so to speak Okay, so the camp of Judah ishikar and Zebulun the leading tribe the leader kind of tribe was Judah and Their flag was the flag of a lion Okay, and the camp of Ruben where the tribe of Ruben, Simeon and Gad was had a flag With the symbol of a man And the camp of Ephraim with a symbol of an ox and then the camp of Dan had a symbol of an eagle now You tell me where you've read these Yeah, okay, Ezekiel revelation it's and so this is a bird's eye Imagination portrayal of how it will have looked from a bird's eye view right It's a shadow you new testament talks about that how the tabernacle of Moses was a shadow of Jesus Christ. It's a shadow Okay, so Yeah Let me see and to give us a just a little bit better understanding. We're just one more image case. Sorry It's on the this is a different rendition of the tabernacle of Moses a different idea So again, you see the entrance gate is at the east now if you remember in the last class We read that a tribe of singers stood by the altar on this on the east and I asked why are they standing at the east? Isn't it? So now you kind of get the So the gate is over here on the east side and You enter as the outer core where you have the alter burnt offerings But bronze labor and the inner courts you have three furnitures Which is all the incense table of showbread or shoe bread or it was also known as the table of the presence or a table of the face Golden lampstand and and then it was separated by a thick curtain Between the holy place and the most holy place or also known as the holy of Holies Okay, the holy of Holies Yeah, so before we Resume once again, I just want to give some time for any questions or thoughts of anybody have anything Because now that we've established Like an origin story for the tabernacle Before we actually begin start learning about it I Just want to take time to See if anybody has something to say All right. So what I'd like to do now is actually pause here before we resume. I Giving you a little bit of an extended break because my throat isn't feeling great So we'll pause here. We'll come back and we'll resume from where we left off. Okay Thanks guys


היי infilt wide אתם אניokratיני לדברי אניאתה את שלך עם גיטלאב רבגוקת אינטגרציה זה סופטיור דיבלוקמטה שהיא Nicki מראה שלètר להקטג commute ולמורות השקולת שכל סiten דברים נקראות כל התיילות משתכפות זכר מהוא נראה את סייחי מימדי ולא טרבה דגים. אני גם LingQ עוד דגים של ראום ביטבי בוטובל. אני אראה שירוד כבר כמובן של עצמם בגיטלאב פרלסיטורי. אני כבר כתוביל את תלמידה שלי. זאת טרפת חיים שהאני רוצה לעשות. אני כבר תלמידה ואני אראה שירוד כמובן של יוחד new merge request אז זה יגמרי ותלמיד לצלע את הכלבי חשבי. חייה שלי כשירוד כמובן באיזו איזה חייה שלי כמובן כפיה, וכי שיש שכל זאת, אני רוצה להתתתם כשכחי כבר כדי להגיד לך. גיטלאפ עשו את ה-CI-פייבלן של מימדרנדג'ה, שעבור את ה-Code, וכך עשו את תחלות תקשיבות אינטרסיטה, וכך כדי להגיד את סקרטי, קופלייאנס וקודקואלטי סקן. גיטלאפ הוא סופורט נתון דוקר. זה עבור את ה-Docer-המדטי-פורמי-קוד, וכייבא את זה לדיבי-אינדרג'סטרי. As a developer, I don't have to worry about local test environment. GitLab will deploy the docker image it created via its native Kubernetes integration to a test environment. It saves me a ton of time. I will be notified via email on the build completion status, if it failed or passed. All test results, security and compliance scans will be shown in the merge request. Having all this info available for me in one place makes it easy to fix things if necessary, or to collaborate with my peers on that. I will assign a reviewer that will review my code. Once my change is verified, I will merge the code to the main branch. I am done with this change. It is a great time for a coffee break. While drinking my coffee, I will wear the hat of a DevOps engineer. As a DevOps engineer, my job is to make sure GitLab CI is efficient, fast and scalable, and that there are no blockers avoiding the team doing their job. And this team moves fast. GitLab CI configuration is made via code in a YAML file. I love to work with YAMLs as they are human readable files which are easy to update and track. I will show you the .GitLab CI YAML file I created for our team. In this file, I added all build and test jobs. In our company, developers are allowed to change this configuration file as needed. This makes them happy and productive. They can add build steps and automations on their own. I can track all changes they do, date of changes and the other of them. In case of configuration issues, I can quickly detect issues and fix them immediately. GitLab runners are the actual build agents that run the build jobs. We have thousands of commits every day. My job is to make sure the team has available machines all times so any developer will get fast feedback on his commits. Sometimes in minutes instead of waiting in the pipeline queue for available build machines. Our runners run in autoscale mode, which creates undemand runner machines. With autoscale runners, we always have resources available to satisfy the download in our company. During low workloads periods, the autoscale runner removes the unnecessary resources. This saves us a lot of money. Jobs in GitLab run inside docker images. This eliminates compatibility issues in the build server and keeps them clean and secure. Okay, I have to leave now. It is the 22nd of the month. GitLab just released a new version with many features. I need to check this. See you soon. Bye. Today I have many hats. And now I will play the role of development team lead. My role is to make sure my team is able to deliver planned work and resolve any blockers. Let me show you a few tools I'm using. The CICD analytics helps me see the big picture and the team's productivity. It provides statistics such as overall pipeline and success ratio. The value stream analytics shows me the time it took to complete different stages in the development process. This helps me to identify button lengths and address them. We deliver valuable features to customers fast, but we need to ensure that the team does not introduce risk in the new code they are reading. The security and compliance dashboard helps me monitor risks in each of our projects, so we will not release vulnerable code. Hope you enjoyed this demo. Let's continue learning GitLab CI. See you soon again at my next demos. Bye.