I just want to read from Proverbs. Today is the last day of the month, January 31. I just want to read from Proverbs 31. And these are the words of King Lemuel Lass, the introduction goes, which is mother taught him. So the Proverbs 31, about the Proverbs 31 woman or the virtuous wife is actually information shared or wisdom shared by Lemuel's mother with Lemuel.  Know your ways to that which destroys kings. It is not for kings or Lemuel. It is not for kings to drink wine, nor for princes intoxicating drink, lest they drink and forget the law and pervert the justice of all the afflicted and so on. Then it goes on to verse nine, open your mouth, judge righteously and plead the cause of the poor and needy. So here's a person in leadership, here's a person who's a king and the instruction and the wisdom that is shared is this, you know, you judge righteously and plead the cause of the poor and needy. And these are some things that are going to compromise with your strength and with that ability that you need to have in order to judge righteously and to plead the cause of the poor and needy. And it is going to distort your wisdom, distort your judgment. So you need, you cannot, you know, it's like giving away your strength when you indulge in these things. I just list a couple of things here, but you know, we know that there could be many other things where, which really, you know, distort our sense of judgment. And in a way, take away our strength to judge righteously, take away our strength and fervor to speak up for those who do not have a voice and take away that sense of compassion and God's heart for the poor and needy. Right? So, well, that's the, that's a warning and also the exhortation that we see in Props 31. Right? So let's pray and yeah, let's just ask the Lord to, you know, to really protect that we would also, you know, take time to protect or keep ourselves in that place of strength. Right? Let's pray. Father, we thank you Lord. Thank you for these words of inspiration, exhortation and also God, your word which very clearly warns us God that here are some things that really take away our strength. Take away our ability and compromise on what we actually are called to do as people of influence. Lord, we pray, Father God, that today, oh God, that it'll be a wake up call for some of us, God, it'll be, Lord, it'll be a stirring up in some of us that we would take our place and which you've given us, God, take the place of influence and where you've placed us, God, that it'll be, Lord, from a place of strength, God, that we will not compromise on anything. We will not indulge in anything that will take away that, that position of strength, God, that dilutes that God. And Master, we pray that you'll enable us to really, Lord, walk worthy of the call with which you have called us and to fulfill the plans and purposes that you have for us, God. We thank you. We give you all the praise and all the glory.  I'll just finish that today. But most of you have given the topics and you're clear about what you need to do. So I just want to talk about the methodology, right? What is the methodology that you're going to take up in order to carry out your research? Okay. So that is something that we, you need to be sure of, or you need to be, you know, give, you know, thought to what is the methodology, how am I going to do this? Right. So you've given your, the methodology would, or the way you go about your research would depend on your topic. Which some of it, some of this topic is very, what I would say, you know, you need to find out the data is out there, right? The information is out there. And I say out there, okay, it could be in the form of books, articles, maybe something that you can find online in a public library, newspaper, whatever the information is out there. You need to get that information and collect that information, right? Some of it is qualitative information. The sense you need to actually find out by way of, let's say, for example, I'm just saying, you know, there was a topic on burnout among Christian leaders, right? Among pastors and Christian leaders, I think that was the topic. Yeah. So you need to actually find out. Okay. Now we cannot make an assumption. Okay. Now, what is an assumption? You know, this is what I feel it is, you know, this is what I sense. I've been getting a lot of, you know, I've been hearing this person saying that I've heard this message, this sermon. So, so it must be, you know, I'm just making an assumption of all that. But your research is actually very specific. It could be specific to a group of people. It could be specific to a particular area, right? And, you know, maybe I saw some topics like unreached people in certain areas. Yeah. So the thing is that you need to be a little more specific. You need to validate on data. Right. So it would require, for some, it would require maybe this particular topic, for example, if we take it, burnout on Christian leaders. Yes, you can, you know, get it from the article and so on, but in your personal research, right? If it is, let's say, a church or a group of churches in a particular area and you want a group of pastors in this particular city, then you would need to, you know, interact and find out and talk to them and get real data, right?  And what do you sense is, you know, it'll cause a spiritual burnout in people.  Yeah. There are a couple of examples in the New Testament as well, right? One who, they just halfway through, they just went back. So we see those examples. So, you know, you can share that also. And also, you know, so your methodology, the research methodology is very important, right? And so that is why I just kept reiterating that your title needs to be specific because your title, the research title is actually going to give you the scope of research and the scope of research, meaning, you know, how big it is, how wide it is will also determine the methodology that you're going to use. Okay. So let's say, you know, some of it is very, what I would say is very academic in the sense you would find information in a library and you would need to go through, read through, and come with your conclusion, right? So, and come with your, you know, the pattern that you see in all these articles that you've read and so on. So, so which is, which is fine. Some of it is academic. Some of it, you need to, you know, find, get information, talk to people, get information. So when it comes to that, you can probably use questionnaires, which could be printed, people actually, you know, maybe have to just stick their responses, depends on what kind of information that you're getting. Or it could be a telephone conversation, or it could be an interview with, you know, interviews with people, various kind of people, and you record it, right? So this has to be presented as well, you know, if you're doing, if you're maybe interviewing people and you and this statistics, this information that you're putting together in a table that needs to be presented as well in order to form the conclusion. So these are some things that you need to keep in mind when you're talking about the research methodology.  So then what else I'm just going through some. So Maxon had actually put a topic called false profits.  You look into the word, see who those false false profits are, look outside into the church and see, you know, what is what happened, how do they start go and you know, you have to do. So that would be the methodology of for that particular topic. Okay. Then what else do we have. Okay, so each of these topics, I see that, you know, you need to get specific with your research work, right, finding out information, citing what information, citing meaning, you know, you're, you're actually referencing it you're in your research paper. If you get to that, you're actually making mention of it, because it's not your original thought, you're actually mentioning that this is what I read, and this is the author, this is the book, etc, you're making mention of that. But also, you need to present your original thoughts, your ideas on this. Any topic based on your reading, based on your interviewing, based on your research, based on your interactions, you know, what is the conclusion that you are coming to, and you mentioned that this is what I feel based on this, based on, you know, this information, based on so and so, you know, this interaction, this is the kind of, this is the conclusion that I'm coming to.  Now, what is the antidote to that problem, right, and it'll be good if your research would bring out that solution, you know, and a lot of it is that, you know, reaching the unreached, you know, unemployment, I see that have been some unemployment and our responsibility as Christians. So, so it would have a solution, you know, to it at the end, right, it would have an antidote to it. This is how the problem can be solved. Okay, I see Chris's title also does alcohol have a place in the rifle believer so obviously, you know, you present the thoughts but also, you know, what to do for people who are compromising what to do.  Okay, yeah, so, so, you know, in the Google sheet, once you refine the title, please mention the refined title, like the changed one, right. So, Rupa, you know, you're home away from home. So I suggested in the email, what you could, you know, some options to change or add to the title, so that it actually defines the kind of ministry, you know, the open home ministry, so you could mention that as well in the Google sheet. So we know, okay, this is the final title. Okay. Yeah, so I think that that has not been done yet in the Google sheet, right, so I'm talking about only for the online students. If you're a e-learning student, you would have to do that in the discussion section, right, whatever we interact, whatever material you're putting out the title, the summary, everything is in the discussion page. And so I can actually go through it and respond to that. Okay, so the Google sheet we're talking about only for the online students, right. Okay, any questions or doubts that we can talk about that we can discuss right now? Sir, I have a question. Yes, sir. I sent my question or my talk through your email and you tried that I can go ahead. Yeah. So am I supposed to update it on the Google sheet or what? Yes, please. Yeah, so the Google sheet is what we are, you know, the entire class. Everybody has put their title here and they're going to be refining the title also. So I would suggest that I see about 21 titles right now. So Alfred, you can also enter your title there, please. Where should I find the Google sheet? Okay, the Google sheet in the classwork section, you know, if you go to the classwork section, classwork tab, you will see the lecture videos. You will see list of topics. The first one would be list of topics, I guess. And so you click on that and there's a Google sheet there and you can enter. Thank you, sir. Are you able to see that? Yeah, I will do that. You'll do that? Okay. This is the place where all the videos are, the lecture videos are, and also the resources are. There are a couple of books. I mean, the guidelines are there. You can always check that guidelines and also there's a small book on writing research papers. So it's that section, classwork section. Okay. Okay, Sri Kumar, you want to... Thank you, sir. I want to know that, sir, when we are calling the church, so we have to cover all the denominations or it is just to... We have to just to see that whatever problem at this point of time we are facing is only a NEP and a coastal church. Is it like that? Well, that depends on what your research is, Sri Kumar. Sri Kumar, you put your title here. I'm just going through that. Have you entered in the... Have you entered in the Google sheet? I don't think it's entered here. Okay, then I will do that. So you can do that. Yeah, so I remember what you think. So the thing is that you define the scope. If you want to do it in a certain denomination, you do it. Otherwise, you define the scope. Thank you, sir. Okay, so Louis, email and I have entered it in the Google. Okay, thanks. Thank you, Louis. Okay. Any questions? Any doubts or any ideas that you feel might be helpful for the class in just starting the search work? Sir, when we have to start to write, we have to start it. You can start right away. Thank you. You can start right away. Pastor, are you going to go through a little more detail on this MLA format for the report format? By the way, I've actually put the format... And the guideline has the format. What I will also do is I'll put up a template. So then that's self-explanatory. I'll upload a template. So you will know where to enter what and you can use that. Okay. Yeah, okay. Yeah, so what we'll do is next class, which is next Tuesday, we will not meet online. Right? So you can just focus on doing the research work. We will not have our class, which is next Tuesday. And I'll put it on the stream as well. So you know that you don't have to tune in. I'm talking about... This is 7th of February. So 7th of February, we will not meet online. We'll meet the following Tuesday. So you can actually focus on doing the work and getting that information. So please continue to do it every day. Don't just keep it for, you know, the last few weeks or something. Just do it every day. And then you can, you'll be able to finish it on time. Right? Yeah. Sir... Yes, sir. You give us the template or we use your school format or there are anything that we use, or is there an online portal where we should be feeding the information or we need just to write the paper and this form. The other question is when is the first... When do you expect the first submission like for you to go through before the final report? Yeah. So, see, we will have, if you actually go through the video, of the first video, we went through the, you remember, we went through the guidelines. Right? So let me just mention that we went through the guidelines and we looked at what needs to be done. Okay. Let me just try and share that with me a minute, please. Okay. I can't just one second. Sorry. Okay. Are you able to see the screen now and... Okay. So, you can see that this, the guideline, this is also in the class first section, Alfred, so you can go through it. So it has a timeline. What, when each, you know, each submission has to be. So, from the next submission will be a little more stringent. So, if the submission is not on time, then we could lose Mark. So, I've mentioned that 27th of February is the next February, which is a Monday. That is the next submission. And it's a draft with that work status of work done. Okay. So, which is, okay, this is what I've done. So, these are the readings. This is the material collected or these are the interviews done. This is the questionnaire. So, whatever is the status, so you just submit a draft of it. And then the final draft of the research paper is presented on the 10th of April. This is actually the report itself. So, that is your first question. Second question about the format of the research report. Now, this link here, which gives you details of it. You know, what should be the font? What should be the spacing?  So, that's the MLA format. So, that is there in that link. You could have checked it out. I will also upload a template. So, you can use the template on a Word doc and you can upload it. Like how you can, you know, you've uploaded on the stream. You can just upload it. I'll probably create an assignment and you can upload it directly there. All right. I hope that helps. Chris has a question, Chris. Yes, Pastor. I was just thinking that, you know, in this research paper, there may be a need to do a short survey among a set of, you know, people. Yeah. So, is there something that, you know, you would encourage and again, I don't know for my topic, I'm not sure of that survey. I know it can be a bit inclusive in the field, even if it is non, if it is confidential and, you know, whether it is something that, that can be done. And I guess the question is, or whether, I mean, not specifically for my topic only, but for some of the other topics also, whether that survey can be in some way done, you know, within the APC church, the members within the APC church. I'm not saying that everyone will do it, I mean, then do the surveys, but I'm just saying a few of them, whether it makes sense to do it and whether it should apply. Yeah, it really depends on what the nature of the research. Yeah, definitely survey. I think in some cases are a necessity.  It'll really, it'll be helpful, I feel.  So kindly extend your cooperation, whatever. We can do that. But we'll also, you know, kind of probably jointly go through the questionnaire of the survey. I mean, what the nature of the survey, and then if need be, if you need a letter, we can provide one answer. That's fine, not a problem. Okay. So then maybe we could discuss this offline, Pastor. Sure. Sure. You can email me. Yeah, you can email and then we can discuss that. Sure. Thank you. Okay. Yes, Charles, you have a question. It's not a question. I'm also doing the identity crisis and the, I am equally in that area. So any help that would be given to Christophe? Sorry Charles, I'm not able to hear you very well. Can you, there seems to be some, there seems to be some disturbance. Can you hear me now? I actually missed what you said earlier. But you can hear me now. Yes. Yeah, I was, I was also requesting that I'm going to email you my topic. Then you also prepare me a document that I can present so that I can do a survey. That's what I wanted to request you. Yeah. So I will need to know what is the nature of the survey. So I need to see the questionnaire. I will go through that. Yeah, sure. So once you send me that, I will go through that and then I can give you the letter. Sure. Okay. Yeah. Okay. Okay. Any other questions? Any other thoughts? You just think about your topic, the nature of work and any, that comes to your mind on how to go about it. You can ask, right? Okay. So if there's nothing more, then we will wind up now. We, we are not meeting next, next Tuesday, right? I see Nisha is online. So Nisha, I have your, your email ID and details. So probably after the class. Sometimes if, you know, if you're not at work or if you're listening, we can, you know, I can, we can talk about that because your topic as well. But we'll try and finish everything today. You know, we want, we don't want to take it beyond this. I think we've already delayed this further. I'm just sharing this with everyone. So with regards to the topic, let's, let's not go beyond January. Okay. Let's end it today. And so our next interaction should not be about the topic. Okay. It should be about the methodology and anything else regarding the research work, right? Okay. Okay. So we'll, we'll stop here. And Abhishek, yes, I, I've seen that Abhishek. Yeah. I saw your email and I thought I responded to your email. I replied. I'm not sure. Let me check. Okay. And please upload the, you know, update the Google sheet as well. All those who got my reply. Please update the Google sheet as well. Okay. Thank you. We'll stop here. And I just want to, maybe we'll take a five minute break. And I'd like Abhinash, Sadant, and then Asha and Kuhn to stay back. Nisha, you can also stay back, please. And we'll just very quickly, we just like to go through your topic, right? We'll take a five minute break. And then I'll address the others. Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you, Pastor. Thank you. Right. Others, please you can feel free to log out. Thanks.


Hello, everyone. This is Carol Hinkle, your president. I'm really happy to welcome you today. I hope that you appreciate it's not snowing today, so that's wonderful. A couple of things I wanted to mention one is, don't forget to ask questions at the end, we really need your questions and I say at the end they can be during the lecture. During the question answer period, just hover over the bottom of your screen if you have a computer and you'll see the Q&A icon. Just click on it, type in your question and push send. If you have an iPad, it would be at the top of the screen. So the same procedure. We really count on you to ask questions. Also, the other thing I wanted to mention is, if you'd love to see this great lecture again, look on the email that Glenn sent out to you with instructions on how to do that. So you can start looking for this again next week on CCTV either next Thursday, either on online or on screen. So I'd now like to ask Beth Wood, please, our program chair to introduce today's speaker, Beth. Thanks Carol. It's a real privilege to welcome today's speaker Patricia Weyland. Patricia served as a judge for over 20 years in the United States, and as an international judge in the war crimes chamber of Bosnia and Herzegovina for five years. She was a special advisor to the court in Bosnia and Herzegovina on judicial skills related to war crimes, genocide, crimes against humanity, and gender based violence. Patricia is a founding member of the Afghan judicial education program, facilitating cross cultural judicial learning in the US and Afghanistan. She designed and directed for 10 years, the Vermont Afghan judicial education program. And that's just scratching the surface of her CV. She's here to talk about a lot of those experiences here today and so distinct pleasure to welcome Patricia Wayland. Well thank you. I learned how to unmute myself so I'm starting off on the right foot, I hope. And good afternoon to everyone and thank you very much for giving me this opportunity to share the story of the Afghan judicial project with you. And this project ran in Vermont and also in DC from 2003 to 2014. It was sponsored by the International Association of Women Judges, which I will refer to as the IAWJ. The IAWJ is currently involved in the evacuation of Afghan judges from Afghanistan, and we're hoping to bring some of these judges to the United States. I have titled this presentation, first they come for the judges, because this is what happened in 1995 when the Taliban took control of Kabul. The women were told to leave their jobs, especially women in government employee, but the Taliban specifically came and removed the women from the courts. The Vermont, let me just see if I can get my screen here to go to my next slide, which I'm failing to do. I just need another. Here we go. These are our project partners, and this project was supported and sponsored by these organizations, as well as hundreds of volunteers throughout Vermont, but primarily in southern Vermont where I'm from. The Rural Women Leadership Institute of Vermont consisted of myself and three other women in southern Vermont. We were friends, we were all involved at the time in different fields. My partners were Julie Peterson, who was in government and politics, and Fielder, who worked in healthcare and worked for Planned Parenthood, and Connie Woodbury, who worked internationally at World Education. We were all interested in doing something together internationally, and especially on women's leadership issues. In 2003, I had the opportunity to attend an IAWJ conference in Washington DC. And at that time I met Judge Marzia Bazul, and she was from Afghanistan, and she was there, she was hosted by the White House, and she was somewhat like a poster judge, let's say, representing the new opportunities for women in Afghanistan. And just as a bit of a, you know, history refresher, the Taliban were in power from 1995 to 2001.  The new government that took over was heavily supported by the US and Western countries. And that continued until the recent takeover by the Taliban this past summer. Marzia, in 2003, was the first wave of women to have her rights restored. I, when I met her I asked how could I help and she had replied that I could help with judicial training. And we talked a little bit about, like, what would that look like, and what type of training did she think was appropriate. She had already been exposed in DC to some judicial opportunities in the United States, and she felt for the most part that the courts in our larger cities were too would be too intimidating for most of the judges. And in fact at that time I learned that most of the courthouses in Afghanistan did not even have electricity. And I asked her about Vermont and said well we did things at a bit slower pace, and we had very unfussy courtrooms. And I think from on turned out to be a perfect laboratory for learning about the rule of law. My friends the group back in Vermont. They wanted to also do something broader than just judicial education. We wanted them to be interested in sharing our lives with them. And we wanted them to see how we live. So we had them stay in our homes they did not stay in hotels or ends. We wanted them to meet our partners or children, we wanted to share cooking with them, and just see all of the places where we believed we would have common ground. And we also wanted to share our problems, what type of problems we had, perhaps personally but broader as a community, and how we would resolve those problems with the hope that they would also share theirs. So let's see. Whoops, getting there. So this is a year later after 2003. With with many volunteers over that past year. We began hosting the first group of judges, and these. Oh, you know I have to stop this. Sorry for my inadequate skills here. I want to go back for a minute. This was at hilltop Montessori this was a private school in Brattleboro Vermont. And we took them to both public and private schools and we discussed issues in education. And we talked about how taxation works or doesn't work. Of course, like it was Vermont so we did a lot outside we walked a lot we hiked a lot we were awful in the woods, which was a very new experience for them as these were very urban judges. And, okay. This is also taking place at hilltop. And I put this in here to mostly show you my son. He's the boy that's showing them how they built a bread oven and he was talking about how the oven worked. Standing next to him with the headscarf on is judge Anisa was really. And Judge was really was a very young judge in 2004. She has is the only judge that's been nominated to the Afghan Supreme Court, and in fact, she was nominated twice, once under Karzai, the vote failed by a few votes in their parliament. She was again appointed by Ghana. That vote never came to pass because of the takeover by the Taliban. In this picture. She's also explaining how they bake bread in Afghanistan and they were sharing recipes. The experience stayed with my son. And today he is a software developer, but he created and managed as a volunteer, the huge database that we're currently using of over 1400 people and contains all of their documents which essentially fuels our evacuation. Now one object and goal of this project was actually to create a network among the judges of supportive and lasting relationships, and we since we're all friends with them years later. And I think this, this is one goal we achieved, as well as them beginning to establish their own network within Afghanistan. We wanted to have fun. So we wanted to play sports. We took them bowling we did yoga we played volleyball. It was great fun. We also introduced them to our health care system, and we made sure that they had visits to the dentist doctors optometrist whatever they needed. Now this picture here is really about. I don't know why it's doing that so I have to kind of go back again sorry. This is just an evening at home. This was at my house at the time. And we wanted them to also experience just pretty easy comfortable socializing with men. Which was something that I can honestly say was pretty foreign to them at the time, especially, especially just easy and kind of respectful relationships.  And so we showed them a little bit of Vermont playing music talking to each other.  This dinner was hosted by women judges in Wyndham County. And we would just talk about what our problems are now this dinner here. The focus of that was religion, and we met whoops, let me go back a minute. We met with ministers and Episcopal priests, a rabbi. We brought together different women from different faith communities. This was a very interesting evening because we talked really about our faith as children. What were we raised with as children, and then what were the dilemmas with that faith when we became adults and could perhaps question it or raise issues of, for example, gender equality. And you can imagine that was a very lively conversation. Again in this picture in the red headscarf you see judge was Zooli. Now, I showed you accidentally the picture of driving here we go. They wanted to learn how to drive. This picture was taken in 2006. And at that time, only five years had gone by since the Taliban, and they really were still worried about what would happen if they came back, and they wanted this time to be able to drive themselves and get away. And so we started teaching them how to drive, although about 20 minutes after this picture was taken. We totaled that car, our driving lessons didn't go over that great. The other program was the rule of law, of course, and they witnessed, they came to court with us. They, we exposed them to all of the courts in Vermont, the Supreme Court, the Superior Court, District Court, Family Court. And we really focused on what areas of law that they were interested in and then tried to match them up with hearings. Many were delivered by the other judges in the Vermont system, they gave generously of their time. And I think what was really important here was that especially the lectures given by male judges, where we and we were quite surprised by this, that the respect they got as colleagues from the male judges really had a significant impact on them. The program, as I mentioned, also went to Washington DC. And here they are, they were hosted by the US Supreme Court by the women justices. And here you see Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg. They were lovely. And every year we did the program, the women justices at the court hosted them and had a specialty for them and it was quite meaningful. Now, I just want to stop for a minute and just explain that in 2007, the Afghan Women Judges Association and the IAWJ sponsored a conference in Afghanistan. And at that time there were 100 women judges, 92 of them actually made it to this conference, which was held in February during very difficult travel. This is myself and the director at the time of the IAWJ arriving in Kabul. This is the old airport, not the current one that you saw in the news in August. This airport at the time when we arrived didn't have electricity, it was like dark, it was just unbelievable actually. And we were pretty happy to get outside. I was invited to give the keynote speech at the conference. And which was the reason why I was there. We were there for two weeks. And we did, we had many meetings with government officials with their Supreme Court, the Minister of Justice. So the IAWJ had an agenda, we very much at the time wanted to see a woman on the Supreme Court or to improve the status of women judges within Afghanistan. We also had funded through the assistance of the US State Department program for young girls throughout Afghanistan. We went to the high schools. This is one of the students with her diploma. And we did a course that had designed a course that the Afghan judges then taught on human rights and gender equality and the rule of law issues. And this is a particularly poignant, I have many of these pictures. These young girls are now the women that you see demonstrating in Afghanistan on the news. And of course, now these girls who are now women, they're being detained, many have gone missing. It's, it's very difficult time for us who have worked with them. And I just want to remind you that it was US dollars that sponsored these programs and gave these girls, you know, hope for the future, and now that future is erased for them. This is just a picture of the conference itself. And again, you know, since 2003, the US, the EU, the UK, they have put millions of dollars into the training and development of the judiciary. They heavily subsidized the building and establishment of courts, new modern courtrooms were built, and courts were specifically established to fight corruption, terrorism and drug trafficking. These were very serious and intense courts. They also established courts to eliminate violence against women. The number of women judges over this period of time increased to 270. They sat in all these courts and they presided over many. Now, this is a picture of Judge Zipia Harari in 2007 in Vermont on her the last day of her trip in January this past year in January of 2021. She was assassinated on her way to work with another judge. And for me, this marked the beginning of the end for women in the judiciary in Afghanistan. The next nine months after the assassination were filled with, you know, worry confusion. We were all could see that the peace negotiations had failed. Women were inadequately represented on those negotiations. And everyone had fear about the US military withdrawal. On July 15 2021, the IWJ met virtually with about 40 judges in Kabul. And we had been working with the support of the Max Planck Foundation on like a project to revamp the Afghan Women Judges Association itself. And they were they were at an interesting place as an organization aside from everything else. The older judges, many of the judges who came to Vermont and that and I should mention that at the time Vermont, one third of the judiciary actually came to Vermont. And we hosted 35 women during that period of time. They were now sort of the old guard, the younger judges wanted to take over. And we and they were also at the same time exploring what would the what would the future look like what what was their vision for the future. And we had hoped that that was going to be a very hopeful conversation. But of course what took place was the opposite of that. The Afghan judges only wanted to talk about their, what was going to happen to them if the Taliban came back. Absolutely no one wanted to leave. These are women who love their country, but they were worried. The older judges remembered the Taliban, the younger judges did not. And they asked us at that meeting. If Kabul fell to the Taliban, would we help them leave the country. And without ever understanding what that meant. You know, we of course said yes, a committee of seven judges was formed. We got our old interpreter back from our Vermont program. And we set up a hotline for the judges. We thought we were going to have months to prepare. On August 14. Judge Anissa. We had a zoom conversation. And she told me. She said Patty, the Taliban's already here. And I was like, what I just finished watching the news that predicted the fall of Kabul. At some point in time in 2022 that there would be months to be ready. And she said, no, they're here. They're here. It's over. And I asked her. If she wanted to leave. And she said, you know, for myself. No, but she had responsibility for her nieces and nephews who lived with her. And other family members, she said, no, I, she said, we can't stay. She said they're going to come looking for me. And in fact, that turned out to be true. But we what we did is I sent out a message. I said, you know, Anissa says that the Taliban are already in Kabul. We notified our judges. We told them to start uploading all their documents to us. And this is the project that my son did. We were very worried or they were very worried if they were caught with their court IDs diplomas their educational records that that would be used against them. So many of them destroyed those documents or they buried them or they hid them. And we asked them to send all of that to us so we could have it available to them for the future.  And I assume I assume most of you come follow the coverage at the airport. The first thing we did was contact Senator Leahy and asked him how can we get people out how can we get people into the airport. And he had connected us with someone who actually was on the State Department side that was located inside the airport and through many conversations. We learned that if we could get our judges into the airport. They would be able to get them out and into the United States. The team at the time just so you know who the seven judges were. We were internationally. A group of the, the head of our team is the president of the IWJ Susan Glaceburg and she's on the Supreme Court of New Zealand. We had judges from Australia. UK, Spain, Canada. And I have another partner judge in the United States, Judge Vanessa Rez, who is on the DC Court of Appeals, and Vanessa as well had. She was worked in the DC part of the program for the same years that that I did. And we all knew these judges. I think between all seven of us we knew most of the judges in Afghanistan. You know, we just had no idea what we were doing. And I think that was true for most of the civil society groups that were attempting to get out their friends or their colleagues from Afghanistan. And the truth was, we were doing the work of governments, and there was no government, at least initially that was willing to help us. So this is what it looked like. We were told to get our judges to the airport. What it looked like on the outside, they were had to go through a gauntlet of Taliban at different stages. This particular what you're looking at here is Taliban just arbitrarily they're beating that old man with a whip. They have these flat boards that they were threatening women and hitting women we did have judges that were beaten. It was, you know, I every time I look at this picture I also think of our military and you know we have the one of the most sophisticated militaries in the world, but ultimately they were defeated by whips and boards. This is what it looked like on the outer perimeter of the airport I mean just huge crowds. And you begin to see that among these crowds. It was extremely difficult for women and children they were just crammed in there. We were told that they needed to get to a gate.  And if you look at this picture here and I've looked at this picture so many times. I mean, this is like the enter the how you would begin to enter towards a path to a gate, and I can't even see any women and children here. It was just, it was quite difficult for them. This is a picture at the night at night and somebody standing in the sewer, and I'll talk a little bit about that. The average time to get to a gate was between 20 and 28 hours. Very, very difficult experience. If you can just imagine. First of all just standing for that length of time. Alone. Now I don't know if this is going to I'm going to try to do this. This one may not work. I have. Oh, here we go. I have that's in front of the hotel Baron that later was the site of the bombing that took place at the airport. But I wanted to show these to you. Let me show you this one, mostly because the pictures I'm showing you the airport are obviously silent pictures, but the noise the gunfire the confusion that was going on was constant it was the whole 24 seven that while people were trying to push their way into the gate. This is what they were hearing. And hopefully I can get this going as well. It was really terrifying. This is a closer picture of the sewer. As people got closer. They actually had to get into this. This is an open sewer. And as you can see for adults, it's up to their knees. And children there was no way children could get through this. If they walked in the sewer they could drown and parents could only get through if they had enough arms to carry their children and some of these families had four or five children and it was just impossible to do that. And these were open sewers so it was filled with exactly what you expected to be filled with. It was just pretty disgusting. Again here people carrying children standing in the sewer. Trying to continue to make their way to a gate. And once you got closer to the gate, and you can see the crowd further on in this picture. You began to see soldiers for the first time. And what we were told was they needed to get the attention of a soldier. There's an excellent article written in the Atlantic by George Packer, which explains everything that we went through and we experienced at the airport, on the point of view of military veterans who were trying to help their friends left behind in Afghanistan. It's a really amazing article and I would urge you to read it. People that were in the military that were trying to assist other SIVs or other people that they were trying to get out of Afghanistan. They had the advantage in that they could actually contact these soldiers on the wall. They could, you know, call up find somebody that knew somebody that was on duty and get their attention that way. We didn't have those resources. None of us were in the military. But we did get help and assistance from the Polish special forces. And that was because a judge and lawyer actually in Poland offered to help us and had contacts with the Polish military. This here was the bridge and you can see the soldiers standing on the bridge and they're clearly looking for people. They're calling out to people. They're holding up some sort of card or ID. I don't exactly know what that is. They might actually have a list so they were calling names out if anybody responded to the name. It was a very chaotic scene. We were told we needed some sort of code, some sort of way to get the attention of the Polish soldiers. They instructed us to have our judges and their family members write this symbol that you see, which is the first letter for judge in Polish. And also to put a PL outside their names. Now, night was coming on and we were pretty worried that no one would actually see this, despite the fact that they would be waving their hands. We were worried that this wasn't enough. So the Polish soldiers gave us a code word to use. And it was Krakow. And the soldier at the time said to me, yes, Krakow he goes because we'll never forget. And I think at that point that just the enormity of what we were doing and trying to do. It was just overwhelming. It was really the only time I broke down and just sob really. This is what got the attention of the Polish soldiers and did allow some of our judges to get through. Here we are inside the airport. I understand the airport was just, I mean there was over 100,000 people inside this airport. This small section here was where the Polish soldiers were staying, and they gave their costs to the people they rescued. Now, just let me maybe just go back for a minute here. We were able to get about 10 judges and 50 members of their family out through the help of the Polish special forces. Another eight judges got through with the assistance of other groups such as Team America, and those judges were able to come to the United States. The judges got assisted, were assisted by the Romanian government there had been a project that Romania had sponsored on commercial courts, and they needed to evacuate their entire staff that was in Afghanistan, and they took many of the people that worked on this project as well many of the Afghans. There were a few judges that had visas to the UK, and they were also able to get into the airport and were evacuated. All of these evacuations were miracles. They were really a testament to their, the judges perseverance and frankly luck. Now, since the airport closed, all the judges are in hiding. The Taliban is hunting them all and it goes in spurts. Almost immediately after we got Judge Brazzoli out she, and I just should say here, I'm really grateful to Poland, because they were not able to get out themselves by getting to a gate in the airport. They had too many small children. They're primarily women and children. They, but the special forces came out into the city and grabbed them and took them and brought them into the airport. And we're very grateful for that. Again though, since the airport closed, all the judges are in hiding that are that remained in Afghanistan. And this is one of the judges homes after the Taliban came in and searched it and, you know, looking for the judge who fortunately was not there. Their bank accounts are frozen. Relatives of theirs have been detained and beaten and in some instances even killed. And this letter from the Supreme Court to notifying another court that the Taliban has ordered and one of the judges there to be assassinated. And this is quite common. We have several of these letters. Very disturbing. Almost immediately over the takeover of Kabul, the Taliban took over the Supreme Court itself. So they had all of the personnel records of the judges. Now, I just want to say that the, what we've done since this time is very complicated. We have gotten out approximately 160 judges and their families that that the total group of people is about 800. Most of them are in temporary stays in countries awaiting visas for permanent resettlement. Since the withdrawal, the US has not let any women, any of the women judges into this country. We have 90 judges still in Afghanistan with about 500 family members. So this is for us an unfinished story. Our, our team continues to fight. We have it now it's visas visas visas, we are going everywhere looking for visas. We have visas in countries from Korea to Brazil to Albania, Kosovo, Greece, and the UAE. None of these are permanent and Poland, and none of these are the judges there are there for permanent resettlement. Most of them speak English and they want to go to English speaking countries and it's primarily Australia, New Zealand, the UK, Canada and the US. So Australia and New Zealand have been taking judges and they take a few all along. I'll also many judges want to go to Germany they have family there and as well. Germany is just beginning to again take a few more. The UK. We're hoping that they will take a few more judges. All of this is very difficult. I mean we're five months. We can't get them to open their doors. Canada is just beginning to take a few judges. I'm very hopeful that the US will eventually give us a path forward to get our judges into the United States. But as I said before there's been no judges allowed entry into the United States since the airport is closed. We actually I should take that today actually we had one judge that she's in the air but I assume she's going to land this evening in San Francisco. She's a recipient of a fellowship program at Berkeley. And she was actually given a J visa which was very unusual. And the judges and Nisa Rizuli as well as Judge Nafisa who's president of the Afghan Women's Judges Association, both of them have teaching fellowships at Yale University, which we can't get them in. Either can yell. So I just want to leave with a few hopeful pictures here. This is Judge Rizuli in Poland. They, Poland has been really great to our judges and there have been very kind to help them with resettlement issues. She also wants to come and has host families and everything waiting for her in Vermont, and that's where she wants to be. These are two judges that were resettled in Ireland, the front, the judges in the front or Irish judges that are their sponsors. And in the back you see the two Afghan judges. This is, these are just pictures this week. This is a little girl that arrived in Vancouver meeting a relative. This is the first judge we've been able to get into Canada. And this is the family here arriving. So I wanted to leave this on a very hopeful note. But the truth is, as I said before, this is an unfinished story. And we have a long way to go with a lot of unknowns. Thank you. Thank you, Patricia. And we have a number of questions. For starters, how are the Afghan women informed about opportunities for them in legal careers, and how did they receive a legal education in Afghanistan. Well, they, there's universities in Afghanistan, Kabul University is a well known school. And they are, it's a civil law country. So they train their lawyers bit differently than we do here. Usually it's an undergraduate program so person goes to the university, they major in law, they come out with a degree in law. And then they have a two year clerkship within the judiciary itself. And at the end of that two years, they're assigned to a court. They may not necessarily be a sitting judge at that point. They may do legal research they may have other type of administrative job jobs, working within the court, but eventually they reach the trial level and are, you know, become a trial court. The real issue is once we get them out can can they be retrained and the National Center for State Courts in the US is involved in looking at ways to do that. There are some projects, some states allow special practice rules. There's all sorts of different opportunities for them here. But the younger judges most likely if they want to practice as attorneys will have to go to US law schools. It's a little bit different in Europe depending on where they go in Ireland. They can do a one year masters program and be eligible to be a solicitor there. So depending on where they go it's, it's a different question. Was there any resistance to them becoming lawyers or judges in Afghan initially. Oh, well I think. Yes. I mean, do when the Russians. You know they had many opportunities for women to study and do advanced study. So the older judges went to school and and studied laws. There was Sharia schools law. They were very well educated. And so after 2001. There were positions available to them and you know the Taliban in the six years that they ran the country. They appointed many many judges that were by and large mostly illiterate. And I don't think it was. It took them years to actually change the law in Afghanistan to say if you're going to be a judge you have to know how to read and write. But our judges, they knew that already all of the women judges were highly educated. It was not uncommon for them to. At first, be sitting in a panel of judges, and they would be the only literate person in the panel the two male judges would, neither one of them would know how to read or write. I think it was. I'm not right sure what I don't really remember what year they changed the law and required everybody to have a university education in law and go through this training program. But the judges that first came over in 2004 and five clearly were sitting in those kinds of situations. So yes, of course, and there was tremendous discrimination against them.  When they came, when they came to Vermont, that was the thing that I remember the most about it they were just so amazed at how easy we were with colleagues and that there was no issue of gender. In fact, they got our Chief Justice, you know, met with them and, you know, did. I think he did a constitutional law program for them. And, you know, that was what they said they said it just treats us with respect. It was really telling. I think that has obviously with time, all of that has changed. And that's pretty, this is the tragedy the younger women judges who do not remember the Taliban are raised in this educated class of Afghan women and again they are an educated group of women which is not reflect everyone, all the women in the country. But I think they're very assertive and they have. You can see them in the news clips of women demonstrating against the Taliban, you know, they want their rights. The truth is now, though they've been crushed by violence and, you know, violence wins in the short run, but I don't think it wins in the long run. So all of the women judges who came to America speak English, and if so how did they learn it. No, actually, I don't think any of them spoke English. We had two interpreters with us. And they were with us all day long during the programs. We communicated.  You know there was a lot of times when we didn't have the interpreters and we actually did pretty well. The younger judges by and large are learning English. They learned English in school, they understood it was if they wanted to have international opportunities. It was a good second language to have. So it's different for them. Judge Anissa now, she actually understands quite a bit of English but she's studying away and pull and getting ready for Yale. And, but you know it's impressive. What types of cases did the judges rule on in Afghanistan, the women judges. Well, they were appointed. I guess I can. I was going to take off this. The PowerPoint, they sat in all courts. The only court that there wasn't a woman on was the actual what they call the Supreme Council, the Court. They were in the toughest of courts, including the courts of background, you know, which tried terrorism tried the ISIS terrorists that were arrested and held by the military. They were in the drug courts, the corruption courts. These are very dangerous courts because these are courts that deal with corruption within the administration itself within the government itself and not easy, not easy courts that in. No, they stepped right up in 2000. I think it was in 2010. They created courts against that were specifically about violence against women, you know, dealing with those kinds of crimes. They, the interesting thing right now is the judges that are most at risk or judges that sat in family court and the reason why is because when the Taliban took over they let all the criminals out of jail, and those children who had been arrested, perhaps they murdered their wife and were sentenced to prison for that in the family court proceeding the judge may have given custody of those children to the wife's family and those children are now hidden from those men and they're released and they want those children back. So, they feel the way to get those children is to come after the judge, because they think, and it's probably erroneous that the judge will know where those kids are. So, they're under a lot of risk at risk. But at the same time, they put. I mean just to give you an example. The day the Taliban came to some of the provinces judges were still sitting in court. And one judge told us that she did her, even though she knew the Taliban was literally in the town. She sentenced a member of the Taliban for criminal some sort of criminal behavior. And he said to her okay today you sentence me tomorrow I sentence you. And she didn't even go home. She called her family and said, pick me up and leave and they left that village for another part of Afghanistan. So, they're pretty brave, brave ladies. Absolutely. To what degree were the Afghan judges on under surveillance and have their, were they having their phones and their online activity monitored before and after the fall. Well, that's a really good question. We communicate with them through signal. Which is a, you know, more heavily encrypted text program, and you can call as well on that. You know who knows my, my feeling right now is that the Taliban, the type of institutions they need to run a country and one of those is security and intelligence. Services. I don't think they're running to this up to the same degree yet. I think if they were our judges would be much more at risk than they are at the moment. Having said that, there's several layers to the Taliban and there's, they're just the sort of people that are roaming the streets. You know, they're, they're at that risk. We know they come to judges homes repeatedly hoping to find them. We know that that level is, is going on. You know, some of it, it's a little unclear about the basis for detaining people. Some of it's just that they don't rob them. I essentially they'll pick them up in their family, they hold them hostage and their family has to come and pay ransom to get them out. There's quite a bit of that going on. Do you see any glimmers of hope for girls education in the future in Afghanistan. What I believe in is you're not going to hold women back. It just isn't going to work. I don't know what it's going to look like, but those young girls that are now young women. You know they're not going to. I don't think they're going to stand for this. You know, I don't know what that looks like or what that means. I think that right now, there's some preliminary. You know, I lost electricity during this and I don't know if you're hearing that everything we're hearing you just fine. Okay great everything is sort of turning on around me like no we can see you in here. The, you know, there are some schools are being allowed to operate it's very random. The Taliban has, I believe said they that girls can be educated up until the sixth grade but probably only in certain subjects. Some of the universities are operating partially where women have to be. They decided the classroom, and they're divided by curtains, and they have to be covered. Totally.  You know, it, I think what it's going to depend on who actually gets control of the country because there's different factions within the Taliban right now. I'm certainly not an expert on this to talk about it. But I think those those factions could be easily explained as slightly more liberal or what they call the Taliban 2.0. But also what we think of as the original Taliban were violent more restrictive. And it's, I don't know who's going to win that battle. But apparently it's, it's going on. I mean that's part of the problem we just don't know what the future is going to bring. But ultimately, I think the oppression of women is not going to serve them. You know, not to mention the practical aspects of how many women in the country actually worked and did the work of government. And they are, they've deprived themselves of that entire workforce. The passport offices, you know they have a hard time staying open and I think that's because many of them were staffed by women who actually knew how to issue a passport. I mean, you know. Really, I think we're out of time, but thank you for just such thought provoking presentation. Patricia, we really, really appreciate it. Well, thank you for the opportunity to really, really good to have you cover this material and give us an inside perspective. Thank you. I agree. Amazing.  Thank you, Patricia. And good luck. Keep us posted. I will. I want to know how this, how this unfolds. Thank you again. See you everybody and happy Valentine's Day. Bye everybody. Bye bye.


Hey, this is Brett and this 2020 Ford Expedition Limited is stock number 14250Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Van Lek, Wisconsin, you're new and used SUV headquarters. This 2020 Ford Expedition Limited has the 3.5 liter V6 EcoBoost twin turbo engine. It puts out 375 horsepower. It's paired up with a 10 speed automatic transmission. This SUV has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop per the state of Wisconsin inspection process. It has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. It has four brand new tires and brand new front brakes and it is 100% ready to go. I'm gonna go all the way around in this video inside underneath, started up. Take a look under the hood and show you all the options and just give you the most accurate representation that I can of the vehicle. Black, a gate, metallic is the color. I shoot all my videos in 4K. If you like the video, consider subscribing to the YouTube channel. Click the bell notifications and get updates in the videos I do each and every day. As well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walk-arounds on YouTube. This one comes with the 20 inch painted alloy wheels and it has brand new Lofen X-Fit HT tires. These are 275, 55 hour 20s. Still have the wear knobs on there from being brand new or the knobs from being brand new. The frame and underbody looks good. This is a clean title history, clean car facts out of New Jersey and Michigan. You get the projector style headlamps and the factory fog lights, front bumpers in really nice shape. I didn't see any major dents or dings on there. You also get the front bumper parking sensors. The Ford logo is in nice condition as well and the chrome trim grille looks really good. The hood is in nice shape. I didn't see any major dents or dings on there. Passenger side front fender is in nice condition as well. Passenger side wheel is in pretty nice condition too and black gate metallic's got a lot of metal flake in it. It's got some blues, some golds. Just a really good looking color. Look how nice that paint is. Really good looking. As you go down this side of this 2020 Ford Expedition take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror like that paint is. I take these HD videos so if you're far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle you can see the vehicle, hear the vehicle in, have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises. You can make a smart and informed buying decision from Rev You're At. If this video helps you make a buying decision like your salesman knows that you saw the video that it was helpful and that Brett sent you back wheels in pretty nice shape as well and the back tires are brand new too. The frame in the underbody looks pretty good for a vehicle from Michigan and New Jersey. Has the power running boards. Like showing those, make sure those are working and they go back up. Passengers side quarter, no dents or dings on there. Coming around to the back you can see you do get the LED tail lamps. Rear bumpers in really nice shape. Then you see any dents, dings, scuffs or scrapes on there. It does have the receiver hitch, four pin and seven pin wiring and there's your spare tire as well. We do have the cover for that hitch. The rear gate is in nice condition as well. It is a power lift gate. Back storage area is very clean. There is the receiver hitch cover. These are power third row seats. Just press the buttons here and you can see they go down like so.  They are working nicely. To get this gate down, press this button right here. It'll come on down like so. It also has the flipper glass where you can get into the back. Coming around to the driver side just to clean up that passenger side. No major dents or dings on the rear quarter here or the door. Looks really good. And for full disclosure, this back wheel just as nice as the rest. No scuffs or scrapes on there. This one does have the capitalist fuel fill which is a really nice feature. Never get gas on your hands again. And down the rest of this side of the vehicle looks really good. No major dents or dings on the doors. It does have the blind spot monitoring. Heated mirrors, built in directional signals. This one has the driver side door code entry. We do have the code for this expedition. If you ever wanted to figure out what the code is for your expedition, you can see the power boards work really nice for your, I believe it's 18 to 22 in the upper right-hand press screen guide video showing you how to find that. Second row bench seating does have the latch child safety system, factory floor mats back here. Get your rear air controls, your heated seat buttons, two USBs, volume controls or radio controls back here. Then you get 110 volt, 150 watt plug-in. To get through these third row seats, see they go up like that and then slide forward. Third row seats are in excellent condition. No rips or tears back there. And these seats just slide right back. Pretty convenient. And the inside, you get child safety locks. My bad, child safety locks right there. Inside and bottoms of the doors all look really good.  No rips, no tears on these seats. They are in fantastic condition. Do you get the power driver seat with lumbar factory floor mats, auto headlamps, power rear gate button, power pedals, power tilt and telescopic steering wheel. See that's working nicely. Power windows locks and mirrors. Memory driver seat, wood grain trim. And these mirrors do power fold in. I think the vehicle's got to be on for that to work. You get the B&O premium sound system in this one as well. We'll hop inside, check out the miles, the radio and everything that this SUV has to offer on the interior. You can see that this one has 68,807 miles. You do get a digital speedometer on there and compass display. Instrument cluster is very nice and clean. Does come with the heated leather wrap steering wheel, Bluetooth and audio controls on the right. Cruise controls and information center controls on the left. This one has the sync eight inch radio. It does have the factory navigation system on it. You can see there's highway 41, so that is working nicely. You also get AM, FM and SiriusXM radio capabilities as well as Bluetooth capabilities to get your climate controls here as well, including your heated steering wheel and dual climate controls. Here are all your different settings on here, as well as Ford Pass Connect, Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. So where your backup camera shows up, I'll show you that in a second. Up here is your downhill assist control, stability control, hazard lights, lane departure warning and your start-stop capabilities. There's the B&O premium sound system button and you know you got the good sound system in this one. Down here you're more tactile volume tune and climate controls, heated and cooled seat buttons, rear air controls as well. This one does have the wireless cell phone charge pad, a USB, USB-C hookup, 10-speed automatic transmission, push button, four-wheel drive and your different drive modes on there. Keyless entry with remote start and power lift gate. Does have a 12-volt power point here as well. Dual glove boxes and the passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition. Smells very clean inside this expedition. I don't think it's ever been smoked in and the headliner is in really nice shape as well. You do get home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems and map lights up there. We'll start it up and take a look under the hood. Starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that. There's your backup camera. You can see that is working nicely. No, turn all the lights on here as well. So you can see that those are working nicely too. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video, you've been able to verify the quality condition options and of course, cleanliness of this vehicle all the way around inside and out. Under the hood, we have a 3.5 liter V6 twin turbo EcoBoost engine engine base very clean runs, very smooth. Once again, this vehicle has been fully safety to and inspected by our service shop. Has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. There is the emission sticker and this expedition is 100% ready to go. I would highly recommend this expedition from a quality and condition standpoint and to see more pictures of this vehicle in one of our other 550 new Scars trucks, SCVs, minivans, Wranglers, you name it. We got to go to the website right there, summitauto.com, full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle all at summitauto.com. If you want to check out more HD videos, you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Click the bell notifications, get updates in the videos they do each and every day as well as having access to one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walk-arounds on YouTube as well as staying current on our ever-changing and vast inventory here at Summit Auto. In fact, in a second you will see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel in the upper left, a link to all the expedition videos I've ever done in the upper right, a link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Click those, check us out. We're super excited to help you with this Ultra Clean 2020 Ford Expedition, limited in black agate metallic. Thanks again for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on the YouTube channel. I really appreciate it. Thanks again.


Welcome back to Acting Analysis for Animators and today is part 3 of Take Shelter. As you may or may not know, I love this movie and this is a great scene between the brothers of Michael Shannon and the other actor's name, I can't recall but he's in Deadwood as well. Great voice, he's so good. So this is kind of the brother came in to see what's going on to kind of help out and it's kind of a cry for help on Michael Shannon's part and I want to talk about how he does that. They're just so different in terms of behavior. One is so soft and kind of shy, introverted and the other person's a bit more manly and just kind of... And it's an interesting contrast between the two characters but instead of rambling, let's get straight into the shot. Oh, and by the way, as always, I'm going to upload this one separately because it has a lot of dialogue but it's still enough sound that's going to get me a copyright thing. So as always, this clip, just a clip with the audio will be an upload that's unlisted and the link to that one is in the description. Let's go. We just had their discussion and you have Michael Shannon here that says, hey, Kyle, this is Kyle. So he calls him and what I want you to look at is throughout the movie, he has a hard time connecting with people and holding eye contact. So he's already getting hunched over. I know he's really tall but he's also really tall there too. So he has this constant avoiding eye line says, hey, Kyle, it's even here. He looks at him just to make sure, hey, I'm talking to you, but then has to go back down. He's slightly surprised like what's going on. What are you calling me for? And you know, but still takes steps towards him. Yeah, what's going on? Just says, yeah. And then you see this here. Now love this. He still can't look at him. He has that slight tilt is kind of that puppy tilt when you're interested in something and you can just see this hand coming up and he actually looks at it. And this is kind of his way of asking for a hug for love for connection for just understanding. But that's all he can do. He brings out these other arm, but it's not like he can go up and tell him, hey, man, I need your help. I need your emotional support. And throughout the movie, that's kind of his way of doing those things. And you can see in his face, he has to look at this and it looks at him like, what's going on? And then he gets it because now he's really reaching out. I was like, all right. Okay. I get it. I get it. And then if you listen to the clip, he laughs. He not in Shannon, but he laughs. So to him, it's kind of like, hmm, really? Okay. I guess we want to hug and it's not the war embrace and, you know, you need that help.  He needs emotional support and he's not that type of guy to do that. It's not that type of relationship. So as he realizes that I'm not going to get much of him and he still knows about all the storms and all that stuff that's coming. He tells him, he tells him, take care of yourself and his response. So that is, again, he laughs kind of snickers like, okay, okay, that's that little look there's like, all right. And he tells him, I will little brother. And it's this thing of, and I don't know if this is between brothers. I have older brother, but he never said that, but it's always kind of like the older brother has to tell the younger brother, okay, little boy. It's almost like he's putting him into place like, yeah, you don't have to tell me to be careful and take care of things. You're the one that's messed up and you take care of yourself. But anyway, I'm reading into that, but he tells him, take care of yourself. And he laughs, okay, I will little brother. And then he gives him the advice of take care of your family, handle your business. Right. So that's kind of his thing instead of asking, okay, what's wrong? What could you do? And he still has, you know, that pose of, yeah, he's still interested, but this is the I can't hold eye contact. He still looks down. He has that, you know, hunched over feel and it's just a totally different relationship as he realizes that, yeah, I'm not getting much out of him. That's all he can do. He goes for a handshake. And again, he doesn't look at him and look at the difference of handshakes. I'm going to play this out. Bam and bam. So you have this, okay, well, that's all I'm getting from you.  It's this strong handshake pulling towards himself. It's just the stronger, you know, I have to say manlier type of thing, but it's just a completely different way of interacting. And even then he has to give him a little pat on his back. And if you listen to the audio right there, he doesn't exhale. And that's how it ends the shop. And to me, the contrast is that you got this guy, this tall guy who's just kind of, hey, man, please, I need your help. And, you know, I need a hug, but that's all I can do in terms of connecting. And instead of the older brother going, oh, man, what's wrong with you? And like, you know, like holding him and asking, it's more like, yeah, yeah, take care of yourself. And I love that he'll exhale. It's as if this was a lot of work. This was exhausting because he probably has never done that. I'm totally again reading into this and I'm guessing. But to me, that backstory, the way I take this and the way I would potentially use this in a shot if I had two characters and they're contrasting. I see this as, I'm not that type to discuss things, to get emotional, to ask about feelings. It's more like, yeah, handle your business, take care of your family. My truck, and I'm totally stereotypical. I know, I know, but in a painting, broad strokes, that's how I see this. And for him to actually say to carry yourself and give him a handshake, that was a lot. That was a lot in terms of, I just opened up to my brother and it was exhausting. And that's why he goes and then exit scenes and the scene is done. But I love this and I could be totally wrong, but I love this contrast of, again, Michael Shannon always being so introverted and he can't hold eye contact. And the brother going, what is this? Is this a hug? Oh, OK, all right, I'm going to hug you. Just how he plays that is so good. So if you are doing a shot with two characters and maybe only one character is talking, I would really take a look at how can I differentiate them and make the contrast really strong in terms of just body posing? One person, again, I'm not saying you should rip this off, but in this example, one person is always kind of hunched over, not really engaging too much, kind of avoiding eye contact. And even on the hug, it's more like something like this. And the other person kind of very confident walk, kind of look what he's doing. All right, I'm just getting into this. It's just a very different body language. So if you have two characters or more, I would try to find a way to give all those characters a certain history, a certain, you know, like I said in previous acting analysis and FNAs, you have your pose that's throughout the scene. So when you have your character, you don't have your default t-pose and go down. And that's how you start the shot. Think about, is my character always like him kind of like that? Or is it, you know, more confident? So think about head moves, gestures, how confident are they? Or how shy or introverted, angry or sad, whatever it is. You should think about each character and their state of mind and how you can give each character contrast so they stand out. And that's it. There's going to be more. There's more to talk about this movie. There's at least two more sequences. But that is it for now. And as always, if you have watched the whole thing till the very end, I highly appreciate it that you take your time. If you like this, give this a like. And if you would like to subscribe and get all the notifications, you know the drill. I would love a subscribe, hit that bell button and all that good stuff. But for now, that's it. Thank you again for watching and I will see you for the FNA.


Created by Psyhauer, who started his new life in America, he promised his mother that he would write and tell her about his adventures. So now let's read Luigi's letter as he writes to Mamabasco in Italy. I feel very good because after school, my night to school classes come into my store for a little bite to eat. It's all the world custom I'm like to see in America. I remember the snacks that you used to make for the mailman, the baker, Fruccio the bricklayer, Uncle Pietro, and his goatee. Mamamia, how that goatee could eat. I'm gonna never forget the time when the postman is a drinker, too much wine, he's a fall asleep, and the goatee's eatin', he's almost dashin'. I remember how mad the postman is he get. For the whole year, he's a refusal to deliver mail to the goatee. Wait to get ready for this little bite. I'm a maker for my friends tonight. I was a wenter to the supermarket. You know what this is, Mamamia? Well, you take the Colosseum in Rome, fill it up with the groceries, put in a tenner cash register, and that's to the supermarket. Everything is a look so wonderful there. I'm a wentiner to buy a lemon. Somebody's gonna give me a little baby carriage. I'm a pusher around at three hours is a cost of like twenty dollars. I'm a come out with a half of the store. But the worst of all, I'm a forgot the lemon. You know what about this, you get together later. Right, so now I'm gonna go to my night to school, a class. Mr. Basko? Here? Mr. Harwith? Here? Mr. Olsen? Hey, hey. Mr. Schultz? Gesundheit. Mr. Schultz, say present, not Gesundheit. I did not sneeze. All right, so I owe you a present and you owe me a sneeze. This class would be without me. All right, Mr. Schultz, that's enough. Now, let's get on with our spelling lesson. Now, all of us have mastered such simple words as cat, rat, and bat. And we've gone even further and tonight I'd like to try you on something more difficult. So, who will volunteer to spell the word foreign? Well, any volunteers? Oh, for the good old days of cat, rat, and bio. Well, somebody's spelled the word foreign. How about you, Mr. Harwith? All right, foreign, F-O-R-N. Mr. Harwith, you're missing something in the middle. Thank you, Ms. Spaulding. I'm glad you noticed I'm losing weight. Spaulding, please. I'm not sure, but maybe I try. For an F-O-R-I-E-G-N. Well, that's a good try, Mr. Vasco. You just made one small error that's very common in words of this type. Ms. Spaulding. Well, yes, Mr. Olsen. I think it's about time I stepped in and cleared up the whole problem. What a showoff. Go ahead, Mr. Olsen. Yeah. Luigi fell into a trap because he followed the rule I before E except after C. However, the word foreign happens to be an exception to this rule in a spell F-O-R-E-A-E-N. Good, Mr. Olsen. There he goes, destroying the whole beautiful atmosphere of ignorance we just built up. No busy thinking up wisecracks. Now, suppose you stand up and give us an example of that spelling rule I before E except after C. I before E except after C. Well, uh... Well, go ahead, no excuses. All right, all right, I go to the window and I see E. I go to the window and I see I. No. E-C-E? No, no, you don't see anything. Somebody pulled down the window shade? I will not tolerate your attitude any further.  No, Ms. Spaulding, please don't do that. I think I can take a joke as well as anybody, but this is too much, you may go. But I wouldn't say anything. I'm just going to listen. Quiet. No, please, please, Ms. Spaulding. No.  After class today, you was only going to come to my stuff for a little bite. That's right, Ms. Spaulding. It would be nice if we could all come together. Ah, you and me, Ms. Spaulding, let's all stay. Please, we're going to have such a nice time. Hammer got a wonderful thing to eat. You're going to like the food, you know. Well, all right. Mr. Schultz, you can stay. Ah, saved by the Salami. Sorry, and yes. How do you spell, friends? I don't deserve such classmate. Ms. Spaulding. Oh, yes, Mr. Baskoff? Please, do you mind if I'm leaving now?  It should come out to juice the writer. Also, I'm going to put up with the coffee, make the dough for the pizza, and a boiled chicken. Oh, of course, Mr. Baskoff. You may leave now and we'll all see you later. Thank you, Ms. Spaulding. Goodbye, Schultz. Goodbye, Mr. Spaulding. Goodbye, goodbye, Luigi. Ah, that Luigi is our prince. Hmm. I can just smell that minestromy soup now. Oh, that's right, Horowitz. And I can just taste that pizza right now. That's the longest nose and tongue I ever saw. His store is a mile away. Mr. Schultz, I've heard enough. As far as I'm concerned... Mr. Spaulding, I didn't mean please. Don't do nothing. I hope it won't hurt your restaurant business, Mr. Pasquale, but your water will be shut off for only the next three hours, from nine until midnight. That's all right, Mr. Silly Man. If it's emergency, you've got to fix it as soon as you've got to fix it. So if it's no water and I've got to wash it my face, I'm going to wash you with a wine.  Well, you're not the only one affected. The water is being turned off for four blocks around. Don't worry, fellow next door's Luigi Bosco. He's my countryman. He's at night to school now. Oh. I tell him about the water being turned off for when he's come back. Oh, thank you. Besides, he's not going to be in the store because he's taking my daughter Rosa to the movies tonight. Ha, ha, ha. Only he don't know it yet. Well, thanks again. Well, I've got to get moving and notify the rest of the neighborhood. Fine. I'll show you to the door. Fine. Good night. Good night. It's a nice night. Fresh air's good for the lungs.  Look at those stars. Each one is as shiny like a diamond tip on the table. Starlight, star bright, the first star I see tonight. I wish I may, I wish I might. I wish you Rosa was a Luigi's bride. Baby put on your coat. It's a color shine. Hello, Pascal. Luigi, my friend. Hello, Luigi. Hello, hello. Hey, little banana nose. Swirl from school. The teachers are giving you time off for good behavior. Ha, ha, ha. No, Pascal. Tonight I was asked... Ah, what's the difference? It's a work out of just the five. Man is a put a poster in the wind. He's giving me two free passes for the movies tonight. It's a play out of my friend Neumann with a Marie Wilson. Well, Pascal, I thank you very much, but I'm not going to go. Besides, even if I could go, why would I need a two tickets?  You know who's it going to be? The ocean. No, Pascal, I'm not taking your Rosa to the movies. Friends are from my night school, a class that they're going to come over to my store tonight. And I'm going to give them a bite. Luigi, is that a nice... You would bite your friends over and you bite them? That's against the pure food law. Well, Pascal, please, excuse me. I'm going to my store and get the food already. Hey, listen, you've got no right to turn me down so fast. Do you hear me? I'm going to add water to the minestrone, put up with some coffee. Water for the minestrone and for coffee? Oh, Luigi, I think I'm going to go along and help you out. Thank you, Pascal. I'm glad to hear you talk like that. Ooh, look at the minestrone. There's a cooker way down. Excuse me, Pascal. I've got to add the water faster. So funny. Nothing from the hot either. What's matter, Luigi? Pascal, I'm going to turn on the faucets, but nothing has come out. Not even the water? No. No water. That's funny. Chicago is a no dry state. Pascal, what should I do?  What am I going to cook it in? Dry Pepsi Cola. That's no good. It's going to make it a chicken, a bulb. No, please, please, Pascal. I don't joke. It's a serious. That's the first time since I'm in America I should have no water. Why? Well, there could have been lots of reasons. You know, first of all, in America, everybody's assigned their quota of water. You know what a quota is, don't you? I know. What is it? Ooh, how ignorant. Quota is two pints.  Tell me, how many times a week can you take a bath? Pascal, I'm obeyed to myself every day. Luigi, that's not the patriotic. Don't you know it's America the custom to take a bath only on a Saturday night? For Pascal, I can't do that. You can't do that. You've got to do that. Don't you know the saying when in Rome I do like the Romanians, though? Thing, if I was to go around and tell everybody Luigi Bosco to take a bath a seven or eight nights a week, he's un-American. In this country, you've got to learn to save a water. Where do you think it comes from? Heaven? I don't know, Pascal. Then I tell you, it's made in the dam. Please, don't use your attention. I've got a right to, Luigi, because if you, my water, was turned off of two. Me, fellow who's a sacrifice himself for his country. You know, I ain't taking a bath in a month. But the whole neighborhood is to run out of water, too. Well, Luigi, you know I'm your friend. I always affix you good. You forget your friends in the party. Take a Rosa to the movies, and while you're gone, I'm going to straighten everything out.  But, Pascal, you said it before, he's in no more water. All right. Then I make it a city, run a pipeline from some soda fountain. At least we have a salsa. What do you say? You were in no position of bargaining, you know. You've been a violate the most important law in America. The I-W-W. I-W-W, what's it after? Immigrant, the waste in the water. I'm going to give up this snack idea, take a Rosa to the movies, or else I'm going to call in at the neighborhood. They're going to tear your pieces. Well? But, Squally, you give them me no choice. That's a good one, my son. Call in at the neighborhood. This is in just a moment. But first, are you one of those folks who likes to relax with a good who-done-it book? Well, this Saturday night, you can relax without the book, and hear an exciting who-done-it thrillingly presented over most of these same CBS stations. That's when Raymond Chandler's famous private eye, Philip Marlowe, goes on another search for dangerous criminals. Once you've heard this, you will listen every Saturday night to the Adventures of Philip Marlowe. For the second act of Luigi Basco's Adventures in Chicago, we turn to page two of his letter to his mother in Italy. And so, mommy, I'm a hate to write you this, but it looks like everything is a fall of truth for me. I'm going to make a snack for my class. Now I'm going to get a nut and a snack I'm away to. Anyway, Pasquale has given me five minutes or more to change my mind, and I'm wondering if these are things which he told me is really true when it is the coming shows. Luigi, my fellow boob! Ah, hello, Pasquale. Hello, Mr. delicatessen man. Come on, Luigi, roses are waiting. What waiting? Luigi invited us all over for some good Italian food. Is there going to be no food tonight? No food? Why not, Luigi? What's the matter? Well, I'm going to shoot, I don't know, he's a long story. Pasquale says that the neighborhood is going to tear me to pieces because the IWW don't succumb from heaven. So he's getting a paper liner from Pepsi, call a company, the Romanians are going to take a bath and a salsa. Luigi, are you for shimmers? Forget what Pasquale says and tell me in plain English what happened. Sure, sir. I'm not going to cook the food because there's no water in my house, sir.  Sure, he's a heard of a blammer. What do you take? Is it death? Listen, I shall just stay out of this to keep it your nose and your old face. Sure, sir, you mean I can still make it to eat it? You think a plumber is going to bring it back to the water? Ach, certainly! What do you think a blammer does? Zells plums? And you'll stop listening to Pasquale, then for the plumber right away. In ten minutes with a wrench he makes poof, puff, another twist, puff, poof. You got water? Oh, shucks, that's so wonderful. I'm a center for the plumber right away. Good, that's the way to talk. Well, as long as the food ain't ready, I'm going to go home and change. Well, goodbye, Luigi, and be like me. Smile, Luigi, smile. My rheumatism is killing me. Why you're not telling me before I'm a could-a-call-a-plumber? Look, Luigi, I'm a no-argue. I'm your friend. I'm a say plumber's is a no-helper. But if you want a plumber, I know plenty. I'm a glad to call a one for you. Well, please, Pasquale, call a plumber and a fast. I'm going to get the food ready. Sure, but first you go tell a rose you can and take it to the movies. And meanwhile, I call a plumber for you. All right, Pasquale, thank you. I call a plumber. Silly fellows that say they turn the water off for three hours. Well, then, Luigi, pay. Hello, a one of plumbers? I want you to send your most expensive man over here. It's a big emergency with the water. What? At 90, you charge a double a time? Listen, I'm a very rich fellow. I'm a willing to pay triple a time. Even a four-pole. This is a 21 and not the whole status treaty. Goodbye. Well, he's still going to have no water until he gets it at a bill.  I'm not a mean fellow, but when somebody is across from me with my daughter, it's a bring the jackal out of my hide. Do nothing but a bang on the pipes. What's he doing? How should I know? Maybe he's asking a janitor for steam. Or do you took a Schultz's advice and sent him for him? Why don't you go talk to him? See how far you get. Mr. Plumber, you found out yet what's wrong? He is. It's very simple. You see, there was a single inch and a half threaded outlet with a miter joint metal rim that looked like it might be grazing the brass tap and the cast valve. But when I went through the half-clog grain line, I decided to use the electric Roto-Rooter and grind through the corrosion. Get it? Everything. Trouble is that you talk express, I'm a listener local. I'll be down in the cellar if you want. Come see your guests. Come on, I'm here. Hi, everybody. Friends, I'ma feel terrible. I'ma gotta buy the noses. What's wrong, Mr. Baskov? Well, when I'ma come back from school, there was no water in my store. I'ma know how to boil a chicken. I was unable to make a dough for a pizza. Ministran is a cooker down in Tornac and there was no coffee. Anybody want a life-saver? Well, Mr. Baskov, don't be upset.   Besides, I'm not really hungry. I had supper before I came to class. I don't feel like eating. Go as far as I'm concerned, Leviti. Food is not important. Himmel, I could eat a horse. I think we'll win the World Series. Oh, I think the Dodgers. Oh, they got a real fine pitching. No, I think the Yankees. That Joe DiMaggio could really hit a ball. Wouldn't I love to be out to that series? Yes, it would be thrilling. There's nothing like a ball game. You can say that again. I can just see myself sitting in the stands and munching on a nice, big, juicy hotdog. Just thinking about it makes my ma... Oh, Leviti, I said something. Ah, did you read it in the paper about the big fire last night? Yes, imagine the whole 43rd Street Butcher's warehouse. There have been thousands and thousands of pounds of barbecued spare ribs. Friends, I'm gonna get a half a box of soda crackers in the kitchen. If anybody's a want, I'm a big lad.  I've been watching you. I'm a no-wanna buddy. Anybody who's miserable enough? Come on, everybody. Come next door to my spaghetti palace. I haven't got a refrigerator full of food.  Oh, Pascuali, you're wonderful. How am I ever gonna pay you back? Don't worry, I'm a figure out or something. Leviti, what's the hurry? The night is young yet. Oh, no, no, it's time to go. Goodbye, Mr. Basko. Goodbye, Mr. Pascuali. Good night, Mr. Spudding. Thanks for coming. Leviti, did you tell the two that was the first time I ever ate pizza? Oh, that was delicious. Well, you thank a Pascuali. Next time you taste my own, I think you like, too. Luigi, it was a wonderful idea of yours. This getting together after class. Next week, my house. My wife Esther makes the most wonderful potato pancakes. They just melt in your mouth. Good. On the week after that, you come to my house. Oh, my wife makes me a schnitzel. They also melt in your mouth. But when they get to the heart, I don't give a guarantee. Oh, Pascuali, you're wonderful.  I don't know either, because you check for the food they ate as they come to $32. How do you charge me for this? Sure, I'm a charge. You heard. I'm a distinctly sad Luigi as the host. Well, Mr. Vasco, I got that water going for you. Boy, it was a tough job, but skill will tell. 12 o'clock on the nose, that water started gushing. That's a diploma. I'm gonna forget all about you. Yeah, well, here's a little reminder. Use of materials, time and labor, $28. $28 for water? I'm gonna get that much money. What are you, a wise guy? All right, Mr. Plumber, Luigi's a good angel. Pascuali is a helper again. Here's your $28. Okay, that's better. So long. You're so bad to me, then you're so good to me. Why you pay the plumber? Luigi, and we got a confession.  What? But I did it wrong. I realized when I was eating the chicken or the bone as it got stuck in my throat. Even the chicken was a hate to me. Well, Pascuali, how could you? Luigi, don't chap-size me, please. Believe me, from now on, I'm gonna turn over a new leaf and to show you how much I'm trying to make up.  Oh, Pascuali, you're good, man. What more could I say? Don't say anything. I may not do favors because I might want the favors back. Of course, if you feel I'm gonna do good for you and you feel you've got to do something good for me, just do anything you're grateful to heart doesn't feel like. All right, Pascuali, call her out. Nice to see you. But wait a minute, Mr. Hiswater wasn't no offer, it was a minor. I'm Mr. Baskoff from the next door. Oh, well, you see, we fixed the sewer and shut your water off for three hours. What? And nobody's gonna tell me about this, see?  Well, Pascuali... He wants it done, is it done?  But are we... Right, Pascuali. Well, what about a rose? So what do you say, my son? Introduce... But my idea for a little get-together is to come out to good after all. Pascuali is a try to fool me, but I'm a found-out-the-big-thing. In America, you get all of the water you want. Costs to you nothing. And unless you call a plumber. Then it's a different story. Otherwise, anywhere you go in America, there's free water, in the parks, in the fountains, in the big buildings.  I'm not gonna be caught again.  This is a side-howard production, and is written by Mac Benhoff and Lou Dermond, and directed by Mac Benhoff. J. Carol Nash is starred as Luigi Vasco, with Alan Redis Pascuali, Hans Conrida Schultz, Mary Shipp is Miss Faulding, Jody Gilbert is Rosa, Joe Forte is Horowitz, and Ken Peters is Olsen. Music is under the direction of Lod Dwaskin. Bob Stephenson speaks. It brings laughter to millions week after week. That's something to be proud of. A show that wins a coveted award in competition with all others of its kind. That's something to be proud of, too. And when a show comes along that does both, CBS proudly passes it along to you. You'll hear it starting tomorrow night exclusively on CBS, The Groucho Marks Show, You Bet Your Life. Groucho Marks, Bing Crosby, Burns, and Alan. There's your unbeatable line-up every Wednesday night this fall on CBS, where you hear them all. Toon in this fall For the shows that you love best of all Listen carefully, here's the address. It's CBS, CBS. Stay tuned now for Hit the Jackpot which follows immediately over most of the same CBS station. This is CBS, The Columbia Broadcasting System.