tragedy struck in county metropolis when a train crushed a truck and a commercial tricycle in the northwestern state the accident which occurred on sunday afternoon left an unspecified number of passengers feared dead the truck was loaded with about 300 bags of cement and the tricycle conveyed four passengers at the incident uh the scene the truck belonging to a cement company was seen upside down with cement littered all over the tracks while the tricycle was also seen crushed with broken glasses and tricycle parts on the rail tracks residents of the area who witnessed the accident scene said efforts were made to flag down the trailer but it was not fruitful the train hit the vehicle and the tricycle simultaneously when the driver of the trailer attempted to cross the real line hello hope you enjoyed the news please do subscribe to our youtube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates


If you haven't heard the Nevis boys basketball team is pretty good. The Tigers are 23-1 on the season and are ranked second in Class A. Spent over two months since they last suffered defeat. And tonight, look to close out the regular season with another victory, hosting Fond de Lac Ojibway. First half, Tigers in control already and adding to it. Michael Lankwis breaks the zone with the kick to Zach Henry for the three. Nevis up 14.  Then on a fast break, leaves the ball for Griffin. Chase, and he slams it home. Tigers go up 19. Then they started to make it rain from deep. Andrew Dudley knocks down the three. He had a game high 19.  Tigers go up by 34. They win easily 90-250. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


Good day and welcome to interview a production of the government information service. I am your host for today Jacques Kingston Compton with me today is project manager of the OECS Regional Tourism Competitiveness Project or O-R-T-C-P Dr. Lorraine Nicholas and Dr. Nicholas is in our studios today to speak on various activities and projects aimed at improving parts of castries Now Dr. Nicholas will briefly tackle all these programs as much as we can one at a time Let's start with the William Peter Boulevard What are the plans for the Boulevard and what recent activities has the project undertaken towards achieving these improvements? Thank you, Mr. Compton for having me It's always a pleasure to be here at the GIS to share some insight with the public on the work of the O-R-T-C-P The William Peter Boulevard as you know is a central part of the castries business district It is a location that attracts a significant amount of pedestrian traffic It is easy to find it is easy to navigate and it is also in close proximity To one of our major cruise spots, which is at a plus carnage So the fundamental aim is to really make the the William Peter Boulevard a more pedestrian friendly space a space that is more conducive to relaxation a Space that is more conducive to Hustle-free shopping so a place where locals and visitors can go and sit and enjoy local cultural Entertainment as well as dine have a cup of coffee the underlying aim is to bring more money Into the economy so that we can benefit more from the tourism sector so what what exactly are would the improvements entail aside from Attracting more businesses as you say to the area what physical sort of improvements would you would be undertaken so Currently we are at the stage of preparing the option designs for the Boulevard So we have engaged in the services of a consultant firm a Barbadian based firm With also some local experts. So we have an engineer on the team agent people's a St. Inclusion we have an architect Sean Compton We also have a social and economic specialist because we are not only focusing on the Infrastructural upgrades, but also looking at the economic and the social implications So the consultants who were engaged in March of this year have now completed the first phase Which is the diagnostic assessment and this assessment entailed Basically assessing the quality of the urban space so looking at the architectural features the topographic features Basically looking at the competitive positioning of the Boulevard relative to other spaces in castries They also did an inventory of the buildings and the businesses in the Boulevard area We also did surveys of various groups of persons who use the Boulevard sort of vendors the taxi operators The business persons and general pedestrians who use the Boulevard and these surveys in addition to giving us demographic Information also gave us information about the socio-economic profile of persons who use the site the hours of use or those persons felt about the Boulevard and we have also Conducted a series of consultations with vendors taxi operators business persons in the Boulevard to acquire Insight on how they envisage this improved Boulevard to look So I am saying this mr. Compton to say that we are not at a stage where we already know what the improvements will be We are at a stage where we are gathering information from the public so that their vision Their aspirations and desires for the improvement of the Boulevard would be considered some of the other things we considered are The traffic flow the parking many people tell you well if you are going to pedestrianize the Boulevard What would happen to parking because parking is so limited in castries already? so these are the some of the things that we are now discussing that we are now assessing and We have completed this assessment Okay, and now I also understand that you have another set of public consultation schedule for August 7 in castries and August 8 in v4 what will be discussed during those consultations? Yes, so this would be sort of the third set of consultations and we are at a stage now now that the consultants Have compiled all of this information they have guarded Regarding the focus group meetings the inventory of the businesses the assessments of the actual physical site They have now gone back and sat and put together the conceptual designs for what the Boulevard will look like Now they have put together four option designs We could have asked the consultant to just give us one design based on what was discussed and all of the inside They have acquired but we thought that it would be more democratic if we did four option designs for pedestrianization Now we speak of pedestrianization I think it is very important to basically say what this is about it essentially means Restricted vehicular traffic as I said earlier we want the Boulevard to be more pedestrian friendly a place where pedestrians can To hassle free shopping without having to worry about vehicles going up and down and maybe even knocking them so the idea really is To pedestrian the pedestrianize the bouvard which means restrict vehicular traffic So we have four option designs one option would obviously be full Pedestrianization so in that case there would be no vehicles Allowed to move within the Boulevard. There are other options Perhaps it could be now we know the Boulevard has to wait traffic It could be a scenario where you only have one way traffic going up and not to wait traffic as currently obtains It could be pedestrianization at various hours of the day early in the morning on a weekend, etc so we are going to Present four options to the public at those consultations on the seventh and the eighth and allow them to discuss it and Select the one that they think is the best out of the four Okay. Thank you very much for that. We're due for our first break This is interview a production of the government information service will be right back after this One of the eight university recognized rights of the consumer is the right to be heard This means that every consumer who is dissatisfied with a good of service Has the right to lodge a complaint to the provider of that good or that service This should be the first point of lodging a complaint and show that the receipt as proof of the transaction is available Welcome back to interview a production of the government information service again I am here with OECS regional tourism competitiveness project manager dr. Lorraine Nicholas Now we were speaking about the improvements to William Peter Boulevard and castries and V4 and all that I want you to Briefly talk about the facade improvement program Recently your project hired a grants manager to oversee the facade improvement grants program for certain parts of castries So could you tell me what this facade program entails? Yes, so I have looked at a number of shows like DBS's Street Vibes where person talk about the unsightly Appeal or lack there of of the facades or the storefronts in castries and This project as you know is a tourism project, but it is also targeting our locals We want the city of castries to be more aesthetically attractive and appealing to locals first and then to our visitors because Currently increasingly every year. We have hundreds of thousands of cruise ship passengers for whom castries is the first point of entry However a significant majority of those visitors do not venture into castries Some of them say it is because it is navigate It is difficult to navigate to get across from the port area to the downtown area because of the traffic in that area Some say because it doesn't look appealing there is nothing of interest to do see or buy And so the idea is to upgrade the facade or the storefronts in castries in the castries business district To make them more aesthetically attractive and to do so under the ORT CP We will be the government of st. Lucia Given financial incentives to the property owners So this would be in the form of matching grants 50-50 the idea is that a business would put some of the funds and the government would put the other half of the financing Ranging up to ten thousand US dollars and one might ask This might say why why doesn't the government give all of the money? Well, it is a case where you would not want This to be there to be interest simply because it is free money We can see it as free money and so they jump on board You want there to be a level of ownership that person see that there is value in doing this it is their building It is their property. This is what is being developed and the government is contributing to it. So Some of the objectives of this project is to enhance the viability the economic viability of the businesses By enhancing their attractiveness and their appeal in addition to that We are also looking to restore and conserve the historical value of some of the buildings in castries We know that many of the buildings have a lot of historical value and we want to maintain and retain this historical integrity So this is the objective of the program there's some projects that are eligible some that are not so we are looking at very Moderate upgrades so we would not be doing major Infrastructural or structural upgrades. So if a building needs painting deep cleaning Installation of the signs if there needs to be a removal of any barriers to access ability So that persons of all abilities persons who have physical disabilities can access the site This would be this would be done looking at the installation of critters the installation of awnings Exterior lighting to make it a little bit more aesthetically pleasing So these are just some of the things that we would be doing under the facade improvement program The boulevard consultants are mr. Sean Compton the architect on the team would be doing the designs For the facade improvements But it is not a design where every building in the in the area would look exactly the same Because all the buildings have their branding So digicel has its red and white coats has its colors kosher bank has its colors And so it is just ensuring that we have a level of unit not uniformity, but harmonization and Coordination so that maybe all of the signs may be put in a certain way Maybe the utilities may be erected in a certain way just to enhance the general appeal of the area And when you expect to launch the program So we will be launching the program tentatively on August the 21st I believe we were still confirming the dates with the minister But this is the date we're looking at the third week in August to really launch the program as you said mr. Compton We have hired a grants manager who's very enthusiastic and ready to start the program has already started Doing some groundwork with the businesses basically sensitizing them about the product about this program Okay, and we are coming to the end of our program Is there anything else that you want to briefly speak about before we go off there? Well, I want to say as well that one of the other initiatives we have ongoing in castries is the rehabilitation of the sidewalks The sidewalks are a major issue the conditions of the sidewalks So we have consultants who are just about finalizing the designs for the sidewalks and the streets targeted We're looking at Jeremy Street Bridge Street Labry Street Pania Street seven streets the John Compton Highway starting from low select into Jeremy Street Bridge Street, did I say that Brazil Street as well make wood Street? so these are the streets that we have done the designs for the sidewalks and In addition to that I would like to end by encouraging this inclusion public to really come out to the Consultations that we have a range for next week Wednesday and next week Thursday Thursday will be in view fort at the Bainfield Comprehensive Secondary School and Wednesday on the fifth floor of the finance Administrative Center in point seraphine castries right next to the fisheries complex it is an opportunity to give their views and we would like as many views as possible and In addition to that we also intend to put it online so that persons have an opportunity They can't make it to the consultations To view them online and to give their feedback as well. Well, dr. Nicholas I want to thank you very much for coming in up coming on our show and Discussing with us the future of castries as well as view fort This is interview a production of the government information service. I'm your host Jackingson Compton Thank you very much for watching. Please stay tuned to more programming on this station


moment. Happy New Year's Eve, everybody. Do you guys have amazing plans? We don't yet. Move this. I don't have any plans. I'm gonna be all dressed up and nowhere to go. So welcome. Hi, I'm Erica with Artist Till Death. I have the vamp with me. Hello. Hello. Co-piloting. And the director is in this director's seat. I will show you guys close up of the director at the end of the show. And so yeah, we're Artist Till Death. We go live every day, usually at 6 p.m. except for on Tuesdays at 2 p.m., all central. But special days have special times. And if you're in our group, ATDs, poor people, then you would get a heads up. Subscribe.  Sometimes it's hit and miss. Anyways, yeah, today I'm going to be doing a test with prism poor in resin. This has been requested since prism poor came out. And I'm a healthy skeptic when it comes to mixing acrylic paint and resin. Let me just start by saying you can put acrylic paint in resin. It's not gonna explode, but it could set off your resin early. I'm hedging my bets in that I'm using art coat. It has a longer working time. It's a lot more forgiving than many resins. And yeah, we're gonna give it a shot. I am so sorry, Melissa, that you lost your friend. COVID's a beast and sending you huge hunts.  I'm sure you're devastated, but maybe we can bring you a smile today. So I've gone ahead and mixed up my art coat. It's a one-to-one. Mix it for three minutes.  And it's not completely fully mixed together. Just make sure you have none of that. And let's get this party started. I'm using prism poor black iris, poinsettia or poinsettia. You want to be bougie. Mayan Gold and Peacock. Let me also say that I do not carry these colors. I'm not a paid sponsor of this company. I do carry some of her resin art pigments, but she's not paying me to do this review. She did send me these pigments to do the review that I didn't pay for. I have no idea how much these cost, but I'll look at that. Kim said she remembers watching you do this in your earlier videos. Susan Campbell said hello from work. I'm sleeping. Well, Susan, I want you to get in trouble, but thank you for being here. And yes, I did used to do a lot of acrylic paints in resin back in my early days. Didn't really know better. It was all I had back in my broke, super broke, super ultra broke artist days. And there's like I said, there's nothing wrong with putting acrylic paints in resin. You just have to know the parameters. The general rule of thumb is 10%. And for all of you guys that are mathematically challenged like me, 10% is a hard number to figure out. So what I just recommend people do is put a little bit at a time of color into your resin until it builds up to the shade and opacity that you want.  So try to build it anytime, Melissa. We're family here. And if I could give you a hug in real life, I would totally do it. And apparently the color art server is down. So I can't tell you the prices, but I'm sure someone in here at some point will have purchased it and can share the wealth of knowledge. I mean, it's on Amazon too, I think. So anyway, so yeah, when you use a water-based paint and resin, resin doesn't like it. It can set off early. It can start to, if I set off early, I mean, it'll look like a volcano experiment from high school. Hey, girl, how are you doing? So you saw I only put a little bit in there is just a drop. I have a translucent shade at this point. I am definitely far, not definitely far, probably actually cutting it a little bit close because I didn't have a lot of resin in here, but you can see straight through it. So I'm not feeling a translucent. I don't want it to be translucent, so I'm adding a little bit more. It's $22.50 on Amazon for one color or for a multi-pack? $22.50 for this thing? What size is it? This is 60 mil or two ounce. Oh, okay. So for two ounce, this would not be $22 for an eight ounce version of this. This is two ounce. Then that makes more sense. All right, proceed. I'm getting a little bit more opaque, so I'm adding just a drop or two at a time to build up the depth of color. Unlike with resin pigments, if you add too much acrylic paint to it, you can't just add resin to it again to calm it down. I think I'm going to do a test also at the end of this by just adding this paint to some resin and seeing how much I can add before it will set off. Wow. Imagine it says happy new year from Australia. It's 3 a.m. here. Oh, it's 3 a.m. in Australia. Happy new year. They're in the future. All right, so now we're opaque and it hasn't set off, so cool. So yeah, at the end of this video, I'll save some resin and we'll just load it and see if it sets off because the claim is that even though it is an acrylic paint, it'll stay friendly. I said a second ago that me and Matt don't hang out a lot. Gotcha. I'm trying to be around 10% in and around the 10% number, but honestly, I'm just adding paint till it's opaque. I feel like that's what most people should do, especially if you're not Matthew. Hey, Petra. Hey, Denise. Petra's super interested in your new cell activator formula. Still translucent. This is, I'm adding. Sure. Anytime you can use something for multiple purposes. That's awesome. I just, I'm surprised I'm adding so much to get it opaque, to be honest, but it is a fluid paint. Sure, type of resin will definitely make a difference. I'm adding only a drop at a time. Don't stare at me like I'm crazy. I'm trying to get it opaque. I like opaque colors. Unless I'm working on a clear base, I want my colors to be opaque. And so I'm coming up. Yeah. So I'm like, I know for acrylics to be translucent, it's kind of crazy. This is still translucent, but I'm getting really close to the doom zone on that one. So I'm just laid off. Any other senses? Those paints are not opaque, which means you probably would never be able to get it. Oh, they're not opaque. So I probably just wouldn't be able to get them opaque. All right. Well, that's strike one then. Is it warm? I added a little bit more there because it's super translucent right now, which is fine. Love translucent colors. I just wouldn't have expected an acrylic paint to be so translucent, you know, from a cat in the house. Hello, everyone. Come here. People watching this morning. Oh, or they're all still awake in Australia. This got super gummy. Did you do just a little on this one? I'm not going to use that one. I did. Okay. Those are all ones that I fiddled with yesterday. Nope. The other day when I was doing those, the acrylic portas. So I didn't really fiddle with the purple much. I just poured it basically straight out of here. So I'm going to swap her in the house. See if this, I kind of, to be fair, I jumped the gun and put a, not a crazy squeeze in, but what would have equaled how much I put in of the gold. I don't know if there was contamination from when I used it the other day. So I'm just, now I'm going to pull colors that, that's translucent. It doesn't say on the jar translucent. So I'm using, I 100% believe Tammy, my 100% believe Tammy. But you're saying it doesn't say translucent on the bottle or package or whatever? Nothing about this is translucent. So I'm mixing it as if I'm just someone that doesn't know Tammy. I'm just at home right. Just trying to multi-purpose paint. No, it came in. It didn't come in a package. It came like shrink wrap and this. No. So still not opaque, but what else? This looks like it, my resin's been setting up for knotted for art coat. This is at least two hours. Okay. So it's already doing it too. The purple is getting gummy? Yeah. Y'all this may be a really quick test. All right. What's the color I know I didn't touch yesterday? The Auburn one. Pink. I did a pink one. I know I didn't mess with Auburn yesterday. Just one little tea time dollop. Tammy says they definitely should be used for pouring, but that's it. Well I'm gonna pour. I'm confused. She means just acrylic pouring, not pour with it. Thank you so much. Imagine. I appreciate that. You guys are amazing. All right.  Tammy says acrylic pouring that is to make you laugh, Tammy. That's what we're here for. Nothing better than laughing first thing in the morning or right before you sleep, Australia? We at 3 a.m. there. People are watching from Australia. It's 3 a.m. so they're like still awake. That's cool, huh? Future people. Dude, this is still translucent. I don't know if I want to waste any more of this paint or rubber. This is a pretty color though. Translucent. Okay. I don't want to waste any more paint. Let's review. This is not horrible. It looks like if I added one more drop it could be in a slime video. That doesn't sound like us at all. Okay. I'm gonna go get coaster so I can pour just some of the square. Got it. Yep. Yeah, the mates night ones. Okay. So what's going on here is very indicative of just grab them. I have more on order. Yeah. This is very much what happens when you mix acrylic paint, too much acrylic paint in resin. And arguably this would have worked if I just wanted a translucent pigment. And maybe that's a market she should tap into for transparent resonance, I guess. I don't know. But I know that for me, I'm putting acrylic paint in resin. It should be setting the resin off. Okay. I've made slime. It's a fun colored slime. It's got a lot of nice sparkle. But slime. I would have said corn flour, too. Okay. So just to be thorough with our test, so you don't have to. I'm gonna add alcohol to the blue and like how much alcohol? I'll add some alcohol and this will cut it a little bit. Well, in theory. No. But or opposite. Or no. Yo. Whoa. All right. So let's just wear that one. I'm trying to be thorough. Imagine says, yes, she's been out for New Year's celebration. So she's still awake. Future. Future Australia people are cool. They're already done with New Year's. I don't think alcohol is gonna work. I have read that you can. I have read that you can mix alcohol into thickening resin acrylic paint mixtures to thin them out. It says that looks like it made things worse. But in this case, I don't know why. I have no idea why it made it worse. But that's gonna, we're gonna put that over there. You're welcome. I have made these. That's a gorgeous color, by the way. Oh yeah, the peacock is beautiful. That's stunning, actually. The perfect teal, depending on your eye. People could see that as blue. People could easily see that. Who could say this is blue? Shout out to you, Judy. Did you guys know? I think she told in the group one time. Let's put some of this on there. I love the sparkle in it. I mean, it's a nice sparkle. Well, yeah, I mean, it's from Leslie. It's gonna be beautiful in terms of sparkle payoff. That looks fully New Orleans. Marty Graw. Hello. It's like so string cheesy. Wrong holiday, but hey. I guess we can put some Auburn on this one, even though it is translucent. I don't even know how these colors are gonna even live together, but we're gonna find out. Okay, Tammy says, let me sell some tea. The person who used these in the resin and claimed they worked amazing has very little resin experience. Any acrylic paint, as you know, Erica, will do this in resin. She did spill a tea. Free spirit art. That's how you're the one happy new year from Sydney, Australia. You guys are up way past your bedtime. Tammy continues with spilling the tea. She said, you can use them in resin. Yes. Sorry, I said that wrong. Can you use them in resin? Yes, but you better mix quick and you better pour quick. Yeah, I just don't see the point in that. If I'm gonna spend that much money on a paint, then just use something that's meant to be in resin and make it look like it should. I'm just trying to get something to happen.  I got a chunk of paint in there. Oh yeah, the purple one. Little chunkies. Colors gorgeous, yes. Did you ever put this in resin? Dudes, I don't know that I would. I mean, like you said, sure, you can put it in resin and you can pour real quick, but why? Why, though? Because if you use a resin pigment, then you have the opportunity, depending on your resin, to use it for maybe two hours. Well, yeah, well, so the resin I'm using is a two-hour working-time resin. So it should not be this thick. It's not warm like a lot of times when acrylic paint sits off resin, but it's got the effects of if it were to be heating up. Also, I wouldn't recommend swiping with transparent, because reasons, because I try to find some positive. I don't know if people can hear me, so you'll have to repeat. Can you guys hear VAMP? Stephanie said, thanks for doing the test, so you don't have to. I am happy to do the test for you guys. They probably would look cool on clear coasters, but I wouldn't use all Hushelm mouth. It's not my fault. I do like these colors together, though. I could see myself doing a fall pour with this. Yeah, she's okay. Ask them if they can hear you. Can you hear me better now? Can you hear me now? I do not miss those commercials. Free Spirit said, it almost looked like a flying dragon. Okay, they can hear me. All right. So I'm always trying to find the positive in everything. So what I just thought of, that this could actually work and be a very positive thing with it setting off the resin, this could work really well. Do you want to translate something, Geo? Because, well, this like right here, that's real thick right there. And if you add a color underneath, like she said, like have a white background, right? So if you were doing a Geo and you were setting your resin off that quick, that could actually work because then your lines wouldn't flow so much necessarily together. Do you see what I'm saying? Sure. So let's just test that though. I'm trying to come up with a positive. Sure. So let's put some of this down and see how it. I am out now. See how it dries? Okay, so we got some of the gum on this one and we'll see how it how it cures, right? Okay, I don't have to do the last test that I told you I was going to do about seeing if it would, if any amount would set it off because to be also fair, this isn't the worst set off I've ever seen. I have seen it where it like it starts to smoke and bubble up out. I'm not saying that it won't happen if I put enough paint in here, but I'm, I don't know if I feel like doing that. Have you guys seen those commercials of people taking marshmallow fluff? It's about to get sticky by its only. You look like Mrs. Spider-Man. I've seen people do this with marshmallows on videos, so maybe there is a good reason for it. If you wanted to make spider webs, I don't know how this is going to dry though. Does it look like it's me? I'm sure if I heated it up. Well, I don't know because it didn't thin with alcohol. Before anyone coins this, I'm calling this stretch resin. All right, you heard it here first. Let's redo your, how to stretch resin. Blossing technique. That's what's never mind. Where's that? Okay. So, okay, hold on. Okay. No, I'm just going to use one of these. I'm just trying to move everything out of the way. I'm going to put some darker acrylic paint in there. Y'all, this is fun, but it's getting everywhere. Let, look, look. It's literally like I have a marshmallow fluff on my hands. Sweet, he's in the house. Did it with fire or pop bubbles? Let it happen. It's very messy. Don't, it will get on you. Ew, appropriate. So now it's a gross dark gray color, but I just wanted to darken it so I could see it work better. Okay. Actually, this is a technique that some of us use on countertops. Like when it, the drip's coming up. He's pinched it in between his fingers. No one stretched their resin. I've got to see it.  This is called resin floss or stretched resin. I'm over here being ingenuitive. I was told to try it in resin because it's okay to use in resin. I'm told. However, I don't think so. Resin for multi-surface acrylic paint, canvas wood, metal, glass. Made in the U.S. Don't add little or darn curtain. Nowhere does it say use in resin. Best results if you finish it with a varnish or an epoxy top coat, but nowhere does it say use in resin. Well, I listen. If she sent it to me, she wants me to put it in resin. Sure, but I'm just piggybacking on what you said. If she, by trial, said she didn't see the very beginning. So what? These are prism pour and they are acrylic paints and you can use them for acrylic pours, but they were sent to me. So why would someone send it to me unless they wanted it put in resin? This is so Halloweeny. I love it. I'm all about this. This is so cool looking. And if you really just had started like at a corner and did, I mean, that's very, what's that, spider? Or spider? The banana spider? Yeah, they make the most beautiful. I love it. I'm just gonna see how it cures. It's all right. Still looks cool. Now that part looks like a monarch butterfly. This really works for, for like spider wet. You need to like pattern this resin webbing. What do you guys think of my, what should we call it? Resin string cheese, stretching resin, resin webbing, resin webbing, um, or stretching, or stretching resin. I think Bowie wants down. Do you think that's what he's yelling about? Yes, resin webbing, Tammy Anderson. Pre spirits that I honestly love that. Pre spirits like resin webbing. Resin webbing it is. You guys saw it here first. Tell your, tell your everybody's. Stephanie says resin webbing. JJ in the house. Good morning JJ. Melissa said, I think it's downright amazing and beautiful. That's pretty awesome. I don't even, you can't get those thin lines like that. No, you can't get thin lines like that anywhere else. No, like that. It's impossible to get lines that thin and they're not moving. So awesome. So the next test is different acrylics. See if it does this. Well, you know how we used to say it turns into marshmallow fluff? That's literally where I got this technique is from watching someone stretch marshmallow fluff. For be great on 3D objects, right? Spider web skull. That's all you do. Could be also cool for a geode for sure. But you can't get lines that thin. No. I just like web. That is awesome. And this word.  Depending on how you did it, you need to get those. Never.  Of a line. This just goes to show you guys. Tonic redhead said, I just got here. Whatever this is, I love it. Everyone wanted to say good morning. They have morning. Imagine said very creative. He says that would be really cool on the countertop. Robert said, if you tried using a coin, you might get some interesting effects. Oh, like coming through this or I think maybe put it all in the coin.  Maybe. Might have to be. Oh, this is Spider-Man, Spider-Man Redman. Okay. Now we're loaded. Let's. Stamp. You didn't tell me. Okay. Out of the nail. But then you wouldn't get them. Very. This actually is taking a lot of. This isn't easy is what I'm trying to say. Like there is some skill to what you're doing, even though it seems like you're just swapping. Rhonda needs to see this. Right. Tiger. Tell her to get a lazy bone. I'm telling you. And it's not like it's not moving. Mm-hmm. Oh, I could sew spiders. Because I'm here to inspire you, Vamp. Listen, beauty comes from mistakes. This may be the new, like, oh my God, so satisfying video. I can't stop. I just want to see how far I can go with it. Like I haven't redid my fingers yet. Yeah. I mean, the lines are getting thinner, but I'm okay with it because the thinner lines look super cool. Dad, gamut. That is what I call sticky. You got to come see my sticky mistake. It got sticky and I was like, I bet I could stretch that. JJ is about to go pick up his 3D printer. Great, JJ. All right. I do. Right. Do you want anything on 7-Eleven? I didn't use up your product. No waste. Waste not want not. Never waste. Always try new techniques because you find things like this. I'm now everyone of the best. Dude. Okay. Hear me out. Yeah. When I was doing the laboratory piece, I couldn't figure out how to get the lines. Now you figured it out. Yo, Christina Brinley. You ever used to call it marshmallow fluff? It's set up in like... You got to be careful with it because the lines are very gummy, so it will pick up and drag. So I'm trying to kind of drag back through so I don't have just a whole bunch of randomness. It's 4.10 a.m. She's finally going to bed. Happy New Year. Happy New Year. Barbara, so thank you for doing that. Likes the effects. My pleasure. And this is very Halloween slash Tim Burton now. This is very Tim Burton as that. Which is amazing. Now we're about to have to go. It would be harder on larger piece. Yeah. That's what it would.  Welcome. Being on a commission, you got to wait because I have to do a spider web skull now. Yeah. I'm going to switch clothes. This is too sticky icky. I think that would look amazing. Don't forget to tag people that you found it here first. If you like wrecked pores. I am not mad at it at all. Evelyn said give me that. I looked it. It's mine. So yeah, super fun, super awesome. I was about to tell you guys to not even bother with this all of this business in resin. But if you're going for, if you want to make marshmallow fluff so that you can do our new resin webbing, then that's when acrylic paint is good. Well, the other acrylic paint kind of turned marshmallow-y and then bubbled up and set off. It like went too quick. So I will say that this gives you a longer working. Well, it could be the resin too because back when I did that I was using in biotech. So I don't know. Yeah. But I know that this works. Of course you can take it home to do its goal. And if you guys give it a shot, tell people you saw it here first. So yeah, you guys have an awesome and safe New Year's. We love you guys so much. Thank you for making our year amazing. We are still having a sale on our website for 15% off in our resin shop. ArtistsTillDeath.com use code New Year for 15% off. And yeah, you guys have been amazing. Happy New Year. Be safe. Be kind of one another because you never know what someone's going through. I only remember here at ATV Studio in Dallas, Texas, in the year 1922 now. Almost. So you don't have to. All right. Now you guys have to see the director. That's the guy that does everything behind the scenes. His little belly pants.  He does everything behind the scenes. I'm glad we could help a little bit, Melissa. He does everything behind the scenes. I hope you're doing it better, Melissa. So yeah, you all have an awesome day. And we'll see you guys probably not tomorrow because I probably won't get out of bed. But who knows? We'll post if we can. You all have an awesome night. Bye. I said bye.


Hello, I welcome you all once again for my channel Explore Education. I am Dr. Rajmish Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, SS Khanna Girls' Ruby College, University of Allahabad. And today I am going to discuss a very common yet important topic in sociological and psychological research that is survey research. And the lecture will be useful for various competitive teaching examinations as well as for your regular research work and professional and general courses. So let's start. First of all, survey research. Survey is a subject that people use a lot. They use it every day. Sometimes their minds know it, sometimes they don't. So survey is a proper way of understanding survey. Survey research is a research method involving the use of standardized questionnaires or interviews. Look, each word has its own meaning and each word is not used in the same way. We should know that. It is said that survey research is a way of research in which you use standardized questionnaires or interviews. That is, the questionnaires and interviews that you use are your primary criteria. The questionnaires mean the questionnaires and interviews. To collect data about people and their preferences, thoughts and behaviors in a systematic manner. It is said that this is a method of collecting data. In which you use standardized questionnaires and interviews. Data is collected from people. What are their preferences? What are their thoughts? What are their behaviors? In a systematic manner. And since this is research, it will be systematic. It cannot be preserved. Although, census surveys were conducted as early as ancient zip. Survey as a formal research method was pioneered in the 1930s to 40s by sociologist Paul Lagerfeld to examine the effects of the radio on political opinion formation of the United States. He is saying that census surveys were conducted as early as ancient. But a formal research method survey was conducted in the 1930s to 40s by sociologist Paul Lagerfeld. He wanted to know the effects of radio. What is the effect of radio? Political opinion formation of the United States. What is the effect of the radio in people's political opinion in the 1930s to 40s? Paul Lagerfeld, sociologist, used the survey as a research method. Sorry. This method had since become a very popular method for quantitative research in the social sciences. From that time on, in social sciences, this method of quantitative research is a popular method. You know that quantitative research is not only about qualitative research. And what is the definition of survey research? It is defined as a collection of information. From a sample of individuals through their response to patients. That is, we will ask questions from the people who will have a sample. And we will collect information based on their concerns. This survey research can be refined. This type of research allows for a variety of methods to recruit. So this research method can be a very different method. How will we recruit people? How will we collect data? How will we use instruments? Survey research can use quantitative research strategies. Like quantitative research strategies. We can ask them open-ended questions. We can ask closed-ended questions. Now you will say open-ended or closed-ended. What does that mean? Many people will know. Open-ended questions means we will not ask them questions. We will not ask them questions. We will ask them where their names are, where they live, how old they are, how much they have studied. There is a question where they can tell something. We will not limit it to dealing with it. We will not let them speak. This is open-ended. And closed-ended questions like this are answered by people with a yes or no answer. And open-ended questions like this explain why they are like this. There will be no answer to that. Or both strategies. When open-ended can be used, closed-ended can be used, qualitative-based strategies, then mixed method will be used. That means, in quantitative research strategies or mixed method research, survey research can be used. Mixed method means quantitative and qualitative. As it is often used to describe and explore human behavior, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and psychological research. It is said that in social and scientific research, survey research is frequently used. What is survey research? Survey research has historically included large population-based data collection. When we collect data from large populations, then we generally use survey research. The primary purpose of this type of survey research was to obtain information describing characteristics of a large sample of individuals of interest relatively quickly. That means, when we have a sample, now we see that there are many things that are being used in research, in research methodology, people will be able to understand population and sample. We have already talked about this somewhere, but let us again tell you that population means the whole population through which we need data. But this is not possible. Technically, due to the lack of time, due to many other reasons, we are able to research the whole population and collect the data. So what do we do? We take out a representative sample of it. We take out a sample from it. We take out a sample from it that is going to represent it, which keeps all its characteristics of its population. So this is called a sample. And this is called sampling through which you take out a sample from the population. So these words will be used again and again for the sampling. So the survey research is saying that when collecting data from a large population quickly when collecting data from many people, the survey research is generally used. More recently, survey research has developed into a rigorous approach to research with scientifically tested strategies detailing who to include. This has now become a rigorous approach for research, in which we use strategies to include who to include. The representative sample is saying what and how to distribute. How we will distribute and how we will distribute them. We will ask them questions, we will interview them, we will ask them from the mail, we will ask them from the telephone and we will ask them from the house. And when to initiate the survey and follow up with non-responders. Many times it happens that we don't fill it up, we don't have money, we don't have a routine, we don't have time to waste. So in which category we will come? Non-responders. Those who didn't give any response. So, what do we do to reduce the non-response error? In order to ensure a high quality research process and outcome. That is, you can make it a very good research process, when you test it more scientifically we will distribute it. When to distribute it, when to distribute it, when to start it, how to treat it with non-responders. This can be a very high quality research concept. The term survey can reflect a range of research aims, sampling and recruitment strategies, data collection instruments and methods of survey administration. They are saying that the survey used today means that for many types of research for sampling and recruitment strategies, for data collection instruments and for many types of survey administration these words are used today. Okay. Then we came to sampling. How will you do sampling in survey research? The goal of sampling strategies in survey research is to obtain a sufficient sample that is representative of the population of interest. That is, the population of our interest which we have to collect data what we have to do is to get a representative sample. This is the goal of our sampling strategy. It is often not feasible to collect data from an entire population of interest. This is not possible. No one will respond, no one will meet, no one will face any problem, no one will be able to reach you. That is why, what happens is the subset of the population and sample is used to stimulate the population response. That is why we always have to get samples out of the population. Sorry. Large census surveys require extremely large samples to adequately represent the characteristics of the population because they are intended to represent the entire population. They are saying that this is a survey in which you have to take out the census. You have to prepare for your birth. These kind of surveys we have to take a huge sample because in that sample all the characteristics should come because we will take out the results and apply them to the entire population. You will get the basic knowledge of the research. When you will be able to understand the generalization, the population, the sampling and the sample. We need a large sample because we have to generalize the outcome on the entire population. We have taken out a large sample and the goal of the sampling is that we are a very large population and cannot study the entire population. We can choose a sample which will be fully representative of the entire population. Okay. Then the data collection method. How will you collect data from your samples? It can be mainly in two ways either through questionnaires or through interviews. There can be three types of questionnaires. There can be more, but there are only three. You can mail them. Then there can be group administered questionnaires. Many of you have found them in the group. You can do a household drop-off survey by sending them to your home. There can be an interview. You have taken a structured interview which means that we have decided that these are the 10 questions and you can ask them. Unstructured interview means that we have only taken them in our mind that we will ask them and then they will come out. We have not made them a structure here. There are issues in our mind but our question is ready and we will not be reacting to it. But in unstructured, we have the flexibility that we can be there. In accordance to what you are answering. There can be a telephonic interview that we can interview on the telephone. There can be many other ways through which we collect data in the survey method. Then how to conduct? How will we do the survey? First of all, we have to define your objectives. We have to define our objectives and change them so that we are going to do the survey. We are going to do the survey. What will be the population? What will be the sampling? Who will be the sample? Everything will be in it. Then create your survey questions. Then we will have to decide whether we will make a questionnaire or we will do a mail or telephone or we will drop-off. Or we will take an interview. It is the same. Choose your question types. We will take the interview whether it will be structured or semi-structured or unstructured. They say that it gets complicated. So how to make survey questions? How to choose whether it is structured or semi-structured or open-ended or closed-ended? Then you can ask them some questions. Define a face validity from the expert.  You will have to go to the video of the validity. The most common type and simplest is the face validity. What does the validity mean? That your instrument is the same construct for which it has been created. So the test of your questions means that we have made the question. So who have we made it for? We are making preferences. We are making liking. We want to know the thoughts. We want to know the behaviour. So we will show the expert to see from the face whether the questions are correct or not. According to that we will remove the wrong questions. Then choose your target or survey. Then we will send the survey to the population and sample. Now you have to decide how the survey will be sent. Finally analyze the results and draw conclusions. We will analyze the results and send them to the Nishkarsh. And last but not the least we will disseminate the findings. Research is always that the outcome will reach the entire population. We will have to disseminate. Third types. If we see how much research can be done then there can be two types of research. Your frequency survey. You will see many other types. But you will find many other types. Longitudinal survey research or cross-sectional survey research. Longitudinal means that you survey for a long period of time. That means that there is more time. Cross-sectional means that there is more time. It does not mean that you study in different populations. Longitudinal survey research involves conducting survey research over a continuum of time and spread across years and decades. We want to measure the attitude of the student. So we will measure it in class second, fourth, sixth, tenth. Then we will measure it in graduation and post-graduation research.  There is a continuum of time. There is a long span. There is a lot of time. It can be a period of 10 years. Longitudinal survey research involves three types of research. Trend studies, cohort studies and panel studies. What are trend studies? When the researcher needs to analyze the trend of a phenomenon in a population they conduct trend studies. What is the trend of eating and drinking? Cohert studies. The focus of this type of longitudinal studies is also on a particular population which is sampled in studies more than once within a time gap. What will happen in this? They will do research on a particular population i.e. they will make a sample and they will study more than once. They will study more than once within a time gap. What is the trend of panel studies? The researcher in a panel study uses the same sample of people every time. That sample is called as a panel. They say that we have chosen one individual sample and we do studies on it because the sample is the same and we have named it as a panel. Such a study is used in order to investigate the changes. In order to investigate we want to know changes in attitudes i.e. in the attitude behaviour, practices the same panel is changing within a time gap we want to investigate the same panel we are studying it again and again so is there any change in their attitude, behaviour and practices to find out what they study? Okay. In the professional survey research researchers conduct a cross sectional survey to collect insights from a target audience at a particular time interval. We do not have a long internal we have taken several samples and we want to know about the target audience and the information we want to know we will collect the insight. Okay. What type of error can be in the survey research? i.e. we are unable to cover the unknown and zero chance of the population being included in the sample. Source of error is that we did not know or know that we have to take them. So strategies to reduce error are multi-mode design i.e. we will make a lot of designs for sampling so that no one fails. Then sampling error. Individuals included in the sample do not represent the characteristics of the population. We were unable to cover the coverage and we chose them in our sample. But they are not representing the population they are not representing they do not have the characteristics of the population so what we will do is how to remove the error clearly identify the population of interest. For this the population that we want to collect data from should be fully identified. Diverse participant recruitment strategies large random samples we will do sampling and generally we will take a large sample so we can remove the error. Measurement error. i.e. we did not cover the coverage or the sampling properly how can we cover the measurement questions or instruments do not accurately reflect the topic of interest i.e. what we were talking about in the questionnaire we have made questions that we are not taking out the things that we want do not evoke truthful answers or in the questionnaire people are not giving the right answer the strategy is that it is valid and reliable make a pre-test question use user-friendly graphics visual characteristics and non-response i.e. we do not have a lack of response from all individuals in the sample whatever you chose in the sample we are not giving the response so we have made a follow up procedure for non-responders what is the purpose of the sample the upper part the upper part the upper part the upper part the upper part user friendly survey design and follow up procedures for non-responders sorry for the interruption in between so they are saying that follow up procedures for non-responders i.e. those who do not have a response they want again that please respond to this or why you did not do it so they are saying that these are the ways of error that can be done in your survey research coverage error, sampling error, measurement error and non-response error source of error and strategy is to reduce error which are the ways from which this error is not okay then advantages there are a lot of benefits minimum investment you earn a lot of money you have done a mobile survey online survey mail survey if you get a response your data will be collected versatile sources for response collection there are a lot of sources of response collection you can conduct surveys via various mediums like online mobile surveys you can further classify them into qualitative mediums they are saying that first do quantitatively then do qualitatively then it will become a missed method then do focus, interviews means it is very easy that you have a questionnaire ready you will get your intended audience you can talk to them reliable for respondents it is also said for respondents it is a part of our research so they are also secure and give their responses they do not have to have any information leak convenient method is easy it is a convenient method of data collection for the researcher and the respondents collect quantitative and qualitative data what is in this that you can collect quantitative data qualitative data there are a lot of advantages in this way but it is easy you can get more information in less time but there are a lot of problems it is expensive and time consuming especially when you have to interview large numbers of people suppose you have chosen that you will not give questions you will interview and your sample is also very big so you will take time time will be expensive you will have to interview a lot of people it is subject to researcher bias which can affect the qualitative data gathered at the end of the process so the researcher bias comes what we want we interpret the things which we get information the researcher bias comes the validity of the research data can be affected by survey response bias high survey dropout rates can also affect the number of responses received in your survey a lot of people dropped out it is also a problem in some cases unbearingness and inability of respondents to provide information we will not give we will come we will show ourselves we will not be able to give you the response we will not be able to give you the answer so the response error, measurement error sampling error your non-responders error all the problems create that we do not get the right data and differences in understanding many times it happens that we go to one to one to take the answer and people are giving the answer so who will give the answer what is the meaning of the answer differences in understanding it is not necessary that universally we will understand it is difficult to formulate questions in such a way that it will give me exactly same thing to each respondent it is very difficult to ask such questions especially when you are making an open-ended that every respondent understands the same thing this is also a problem so in this way the crux of survey research came out that this is a very common method used in sociology and psychology you can generate very large sample quickly data it is convenient for you generally you collect data through questionnaires and interviews but there are many problems like measurement error coverage error you have chosen the representation of the population measurement error people are not able to tell the correct thing or your question is not correct and non-responsible people are not going to respond or are doing wrong so these types of problems are created and the outcome that comes out the result that comes out is not correct research itself is useless if the correct thing does not come out there is no meaning of this experience if we can reduce these errors this is a very good method thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe my channel Explore Education then from my set


This is stock number 19F263. We are here at Summit Ford in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. Today we are checking out the all-new 2019 Ford EcoSport. We're just going to do a quick walk around of the entire vehicle and then we'll get in close and check out all the specific features on this specific vehicle. This is an SE package, a 2019. It has the two-liter four-cylinder motor which pumps out 166 horsepower. It is a four-wheel drive and this one is nicely loaded up with a bunch of options which we'll get into first but I really want to show off the color on here. Blue candy metallic is the color and just a really good looking color on this vehicle. I think the vehicle has been really nicely done and now we'll get a little bit more in depth on the options. It has Bridgestone Acopia tires on it. These are 20560R16s and they come with the painted alloy rims and what I like about the EcoSport here is that it has four-wheel disc brakes so lots of good stopping power. It has the projector lamp halogen headlamps with the LED signature running lamps. You do have fog lights right there as well. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p so if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on now because it is like you're right here looking at the vehicle with me and definitely your best way to check out the vehicle before actually seeing it in person. This one does have backup sensors, parking sensors. It also has blind spot monitoring in the mirrors so to open up these gates the release is right here like within the light and it's got that swing open gate. It does have the rear defrost. You have the sunshade in here and we have the factory floor mats back here as well. This piece comes out and you can put it at different levels depending on what height you want to do it and I believe under here is going to be your tire inflator kit. Those seats do fold down which we'll check out in a little bit. That gate shuts nice and easily. It does have the capitalist fuel fill which you've come to expect on Fords. Good looking lines. Down the side of the vehicle it has the intelligent access. This one has serious satellite radio of the blind spot monitoring in the mirrors. You also have the directional signals in the lights or in the mirrors as well.  Both of these seats are heated and we'll just check out the window sticker here. You can take a look at it. You can pause the video if you'd like to check out all the options on there. Total MSRP of 27435 and a pretty good safety ratings right here. Four stars down the board. Side crash five stars so really safe vehicle as well and we got the City 23 miles per gallon and 29 highway for fuel economy. Let's take a look inside. It does have auto headlamps power windows power locks and power mirrors. It has a nice instrument cluster you can see as a digital speedometer outside temperatures display. You have your odometer up there miles per gallon you can do and also the compass right there. This one has a leather wrapped steering wheel. Bluetooth and audio controls on the right cruise controls and information center controls on the left. This particular one has the factory navigation system. You also get AM, FM and Serious XM radio capabilities. This is where your backup camera shows up as well and Bluetooth audio controls as well. You also have your ambient lighting and your Wi-Fi hotspot and all that good stuff. You can do your mobile apps so you've got Android Auto, Apple CarPlay that you can connect to the vehicle. You have your climate control down there as well. Auto start stop, your traction control and then two USB jacks. Six speed automatic transmission. Pretty cool design on the seat. These are cloth seats and this one does have the power sunroof. Just don't see a lot of videos on these cars so I figured I'd do one. For everybody out there that wanted to check them out they do come with side curtain airbags and the back seats do have the latch child safety system in them and they do fold down flat.  But really a neat car, good looking, driven around a little bit, rides really nice and to see more pictures of this vehicle or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, you name it. We got it. Go to our website www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com and if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto. Remember to like, subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left. You'll link to more used or brand new Ford vehicles on your right if you've not been on our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those check us out and we really look forward to helping with this brand new 2019 Ford EcoSport SE four-wheel drive. Thanks again.


Good morning. Good. Yeah. Thank you. And so we'll start for the next session. And the title is GluWang, the enableable energy. So I've been for AT&T and we'll talk with Yidako from Ericsson and Yan from Cisco about what's the telcos requirement here and also what about what's the GluWang and follow up with the how we can make it a community effort and so that we can make it more success. Thank you. And let me get started. So let's start with the use case, simple use case here. And from the diagram and so that's how AT&T is in the future in the for the D2 network functionalization and how we are thinking of the architecting on the overall the network in terms of the using different the sdn controllers on the one open stack the cloud and orchestrated by a global and we call the master service orchestrator. Okay. And so you can see from the diagram and you can see we in this architecture and we will have the one global sdn controller. We have several or multiple the sdn local controllers which manage different virtual routers. And the reason that we are doing this architect is that our network is quite heterogeneous right and we have access we have core network back long haul and so there's no one shoe that fits the every foot and so so we in order to support the best performance of our with the different type of networks and we need different types of sdn controllers that can manage the different network segments different administration demands from mobility to the enterprise and so that network architect will give us more flexibility and in terms of having different solutions and to serve our customers in the best way and there are some that's my bad yeah so from so from the overall the architecture perspective right and you can see there are several kind of maybe more general kind of the requirement that's being derived from the global architecture includes we need a common data plan in which for example the MPS over GRE or MPS over you do here or VXLAM and we need a common control plan which based on the VVPN or 3VPN and as in the last talk we also talked about that all different the data plan control plan in terms of service functioning right and we need all the common the configuration parameters and that can configure the all the different controllers and we also need a common open stack controller interface right and so that we can have uniformed the application API and to control and create all the different top of the networks for example L3VPN that we managed by different type of sdn controllers under one cloud and so that's the kind of a common requirement derived from the overall architecture so here are some example use case so I'm not focused on those use case but just use case that be coming from and for now and but more importantly those use case indicates that we will have a more use case and which serves our rapidly changing the custom requirement in the future so what we need and from use use case so that's a simple use case and for for example for the one the common L3VPN IPVPN that be managed by different sdn controllers and on the one cloud and from the diagram you can see that with the VPN the blue and VPN red and they will be served by two different sdn controllers and which managed the different virtual routers right and by all those sdn controllers working together and we create on the subnates and of the VPN and on the different nodes and it will be interact and with and managed by the different controllers and on top of this use case right and we can extend use case to another new use case on top of that which basically the equal cost multi-path and basically you can see the traffic will be from either the external the global gateway or from the internal another different VNF and by creating the different instances of the different VNFs and it can do the load balancing and the splitting the traffic and to the different end points and the scheduling here is not the is not the focusing point here right and but the important here is that we need to have a way and to basically and support the splitting of those uses of the different traffics and to have this ECMP top of the use case to be supported and the third use case is basically it's simply the service function chain I would say yeah it's called the hub and spoke and so basically you have a firewall right which is hub and the best all the traffic is to go to firewall first and then you will have the different the VNFs could be a web server could be some other services and all the things and use the chain together and using the VPN best approach and to create and there was the use cases and so servers customers right and in more meaningful way and from those use cases specific use cases and you can see some more commonalities here right and you need to have a different multiple service based on multiple computer known multiple hosts that's running on different vendor controllers as in controllers and the overlay routing and software and for the L2F3 different of VPNs and and MPHC VRF the virtual routers and you have a multiple vendor routers in a one subnet and you have the sharing of common control plan and the parameters using the BGP and to exchange those information and including the route targets and across different multi vendor controllers and you have control and routers communicate directly and without going through the gateway and for the east-west bound traffic so you don't need to go to the gateway router in the data center but instead you have a direct communication and connection between the different extant controllers and direct the BGP pairing for those the controllers okay don't have time and so more importantly is the key categories here is those use case above right is just for the example purposes and what we wanted to emphasize here is that the telco and SCAP is rapidly changing and we need to have an agile method to enable all the different new use cases in the telco market we needed to have the accelerate time to market of launching new services to serve our own customers and including everybody here right and hopefully everybody's getting this customer and we need to have the enhanced agility business agility to benefit the whole ecosystem and you have flexibility of different technologies in the in terms of back end implementations implement new use cases and to have the diversified and the back end and last but not least the common APIs with diverse back end implementations right and we allow for the different type of innovations in terms of implementing the use case and by saying that and hand over to Ian and talk about the how he proposed and the things his best way and to help us in the to implement and those the new challenges we're facing okay so yeah what I basically took this and tried to lay down a set of requirements you might need for software as opposed to you know the high-level requirements as they were coming from a service provider we're trying to solve a problem here that the service provider networking is very different generally speaking from what you find in a data center and data center networking is largely what Neutron in OpenStack has focused on to date and it does a very good job of what it does but but then when we start doing the weird things then then we drift further and further off track from what it was originally intended to do so in our software grounds we still do actually want to use Neutron Neutron is fantastic code for what it does and I'll give you an example in a future slide of how we use it but we also want to use API's that are increasingly unlike Neutron we've got some of those today and they've been incorporated into Neutron as extensions like there is indeed an L3 VPN API in Neutron but it's an L3 VPN API kind of catering to the way that Neutron thinks about networks as layer 2 networks with or at least networks with a common subnet we can play more games with MPLS if we if we allowed to break that model and move on to something slightly slightly different we'd like clear water between the API in the back end so as an example Neutron's an interestingly bad example here Neutron folds a network controller the ones you usually use when you're using the open source versions are actually incorporated into Neutron but Cinder might be a better one Cinder your your front end is very straightforward and it just offers the API and the back end is internally independent and offers the storage itself so what we want to do here is you want the API to do what API's are good for and we want an SCN controller to deal with the networking components which is a different job with different requirements we want to experiment we want to try new things fast now I'm gonna leave you to think about how long it takes to write a new API and get it into OpenStack we're not talking about API's that we get into OpenStack here we're just talking about API's that we want to try in the lab to see if they're right API for us and if it turns out they're not the right API then we want no guilty in throwing them away and trying something different so this wants to be a fast development process for us to experiment and for everyone else who wants to to experiment and we want to use multiple API's and multiple back end simultaneously and this comes back to Bin's point that there's lots of different kinds of networking in a service provider network and there's different ways of controlling it for different purposes so when we're talking about a different purpose we want to put an API that's purpose or at least use case specific has relation to what you're trying to do to the network but the back end also wants to be least potentially independent because we have different network controllers AT&T have more than one kind of network controller in their network but also and I come on this point again in a further slide is it's nice to be able to do a bit of feature shopping so if I can find different SCN controllers to deliver different features I can use both of them at the same time so the core concept of glue on is to connect a network service provider with virtual machines now and Neutron provides network services it doesn't have to be the only thing that provides network services I'm doing something different then I can provide network services from a different SCN controller with a different API to do a different job and so I write a new API endpoint for my new networking concept whatever it happens to be and as long as it understands that it's dropping packets off at a port that then I plug a virtual machine into then we're all good it fits in with the same model that Neutron currently offers today so as long as we have that common idea of a port across the board between Nova and Neutron and anything else that comes along and we can bind that port to connect the two ends together then we're good basically the rest of the structure however can be completely different so I can use verfs as in you know routing tables instead of networks I can avoid using subnet so I can use different addressing systems I can basically move my packets hither and yarn however I choose as long as I can describe it with an API that I get to define and so glue on's role in this is it's a tiny tiny piece of code that sits in the middle when a network controller creates a port it tells glue on here's a port it's mine when Nova ever wants to bind to that port it says here's the port number I've been given that I'm going to bind to glue on will find the network controller and tell it that the binding is happening that's it it's it's a little arbitrator if you like in the middle of the process so and again here is a typical very boring NFV setup I'm just trying to emphasize that there are different kinds of networking here and they usually break into two factions one is the control network is generally you're in a normal application it's not quite a web app or the normal sort of app you would run in a cloud but it's an application there's in this instance I put an element manager which is a block out of the Etsy diagram something's talking to the virtual machine to tell it what to do it's probably monitoring it it might be restarting it if it fails that kind of thing the application functionality that that lives behind the scenes in an NFV app the virtual machine moves packets around and does things to those packets typically much more high bandwidth stuff but it's the APIs you want to generally bringing traffic in for certain places like for instance an MPLS overlay in a service provider network so there we're looking at strange strange new APIs to do service provider specific tasks and as you can see the top end half of that I would normally use new in fact I do today use neutron to do this it's basically nothing different from any other application that you would find in a cloud so again I was saying glue on sits in the middle here glue on basically receives information about new ports that are created the these APIs are API endpoints that your application talked to or you use a command line interface to as normal so in much the same way as you create port in neutron today you will create a port on a VL3 VPN in in another API tomorrow every time one of those ports is created glue on stole that the port exists just in case it needs to know later and then when Nova starts a virtual machine it will talk to glue on saying I've been handed this port and I want the traffic for this port and the binding will happen important to note again on this one here that I'm using different kinds of port from different kinds of network provider within the same virtual machine so I can use neutron and something else at the same time because it's all made a decision on a per port basis so that's the rough workflow I said to give me the networking set up that I want to however many APIs I choose to use and then make me virtual machines to Nova which will then bind the ports one by one and again the API in the controller are entirely independent of each other so I can have if I use open daylight for instance I can run both neutron and other function like service chaining within open daylight and it will service both kinds of API or alternatively I can use something else for my layer 2 I can use say the standard neutron OBS plug-in for layer 2 so I'm using neutron as the API then I can tack on a second kind of networking completely independently without affecting touching or in any way changing neutron so two advantages here to me I've got two things that that are independently simpler and they're much more likely to work and be easy to test and anyone who's using neutron alone because they're standard enterprise guy is not affected by me wanting the weirdest thing in the world in networking doesn't bother them in the slightest I don't have to change the neutron code doesn't get more fragile for them so what did we change Nova we in Nova there is a plug-in at the bottom end it's where Nova network used to plug-in it got replaced by or you can also add a neutron net and plug network plug-in down at the bottom there and so what I did is I changed that code out for a glue-on plug-in so instead of talking to neutron it talks to to my new bit of code in neutron I went I fixed a minor bug because it has strange opinions about whether it's running neutron or Nova network and the logic's a bit confused but never mind in neutron added two lines of code to register reports so every time a port is created it just tells glue on that something's just happened the glue on code is the version one of the code at least is an embarrassingly small less than a thousand line chunk of code that basically sits as that arbiter in the middle and then wrote a new API for networking so the implications of what this drives because obviously the little bit of coding glue on is the boring bit of this the interesting bit is everything that lies around so your API is a simple rest models the same as you get with neutron Nova and friends today that code has to be a web service its job is to receive a request store it and not necessarily immediately do anything about it all bits of open stack work like this today they store what you want and they will eventually the thing becomes active but in general they're just storing what you're looking for they're not trying to do it on the spot and so we we store into a database same as you would expect in neutron and friends there's a protocol at the back because we've got an SDN controller living separate this protocol exists in various forms within neutron today you need to tell the back-end network controller that the demanded state of the network has changed and it's got work to do that code exists in its various different forms but the same logic is there for every single external network controller that exists behind neutron if you're interested in reading the code I would recommend the open daylight one because I think it's got a good handle on the synchronization problems you run into it can be a problem with things like fault tolerance if your network controller reboots or if you want to for instance upgrade or restart the front-end service getting that network synchronization to pick up where it left off that network database synchronization to pick up where it left off is a bit of an art and then the back-end the controller is a choice your choice depending on what you're trying to do what your preferences what your testing demonstrates for your use case it's event driven it does a hundred and one things at once it's talking to lots of either hardware or software devices and it needs to be asynchronous to do that it's a very different code pattern from from an API in general so it actually also in that regard makes sense for it to be a separate thing also SCN controllers across again open daylight you have a structure open daylight is a nice framework on which to build network control code so you can go out and use something that's done a lot of the hard work for you and then build your network control code on top now on network API is there the interesting thing here really we called them protons because we got a bit carried away frankly so we have these protons where we can add new API's but obviously if it takes so long to write an API today why is it going to be any different tomorrow why is it going to why is this going to speed up my development at all well the answer to as I said we went a little far on the naming thing we came up with this idea of a particle generator so what we do is is we wrote a little bit of code which it basically takes a configuration file and that is a real configuration file on the right that really parses in fact that describes an L3 VPN a fairly simple L3 VPN service and by reading that we can generate the rest API with some validation on top we can generate the database schema which is normally hand coded by a bunch of SQL alchemy files in in your average open-stat code and we can generate a back-end communication system that's that's standard across everything so that saves us some jobs and it gets us the work done much faster and again to recap and at the point that bin was making earlier on multiple SCN controllers we do want multiple SCN controllers in this to do different tasks in the network so our aim here is to make sure that we're enabling more than one SCN controller to give you that option to shop for features among the SCN controllers you might lay hands on and also to make sure that if you want to do it this way and again it's your choice but you can make your SCN controls a little bit simpler because they focus on one task and do the one task well so our hopes here are that we get a bit more well a lot more hopefully innovation in the kind of networking APIs that we need specifically for NFV where there are a lot of odd little use cases you don't generally have a you know a metropolitan or a wide area network sitting at home that you're all in your data center that you can play with bin has one he gets to play with them so he needs code that's specific to the way his network is set up and service providers are all different they don't they use consistent tools and protocols but they don't consistently deploy their network in the same way so so API's that suit bin for his use of MPLS may not be a good API model for someone else using a different usage of MPLS so if they need to experiment this enables that possibility for them and it gives you more choice so I don't have to find one tool that does everything I want already I can go and shop between two tools one to another so and there are risks that we run in doing this right the obvious one I've just said it is that if I can make an API so easily why don't I just make an API that's completely different and special and then argue that mine is better than everybody else's well funnily enough that's that's a problem we've had since the year doped quite honestly and the IETF and I put in here as a point the IETF has an approach here everybody writes their own network protocols and they're all different and then they get together and they try and pick the common elements and try and standardize on it the aim here that we need to achieve is to build a working community around this kind of ecosystem so that when everybody comes up with their magical and special and different API then we don't start just having 16 different API is doing the same thing and then you know you buy a VNF and it won't work the API you're using because it's different and special then we want to make sure we standardize so building a community from the network side of the fence to make sure they understand how to what APIs are going to work best for them for all of them together is key to this and less quality because potentially these APIs again have different back end SDN controller implementations and since there's no one implementation everybody is working on there's a risk that they're all kind of shabby and none of no one of them is good enough for your purposes that again it is a risk since the year dot we all do it if we didn't have this kind of divided thing we wouldn't end up with different companies selling different products the same area what we can do there is at least on the open source side of things we can collaborate with an opn a fee and make sure that we're building network controllers to spec to purpose and bringing our bringing all of our expertise together if we do it independently I'm a vendor right so I guarantee you somebody in Cisco will write somebody to write a network controller to do something that's so much better than everybody else's if you just pay us money and I'm sure I'll deco will say the same very quick and if it comes down to it and I'm fairly sure we've got other friends in the audience who would say exactly the same but that's our option right we will build a network controller we will spend our money to build a network controller you will look at the network controller you will say I don't like that and I'm not paying that money for it or you'll say that's fantastic and I will take it it solves all my problems so much better than what I'm using today your choice a little bit of competition is not such a bad thing we just don't need to get it to complete proliferation and with that I will leave you with Ildiko who is going to tell me off for coming in a bit too short but there you go yeah thank you all right oh we have still plenty of time left so I would like to share you how we would like to actually make this happen and how we would like to involve all of you in the room and all the players that we have in this industry to make this as a common effort and a common vision and a common success because we started these discussions about these use cases that how we could implement them a while ago and then we had to realize that we will not be able to do this behind closed doors because basically it's not the use case itself that makes it so difficult but we had to realize that our current cloud platforms are not really NFV ready yet and this is what makes the whole situation tricky and as just Ian pointed out we all need to focus on this homework and fix those dependencies first before being able to implement for example these use cases that been described you at the beginning of the talk in an efficient and flexible way and in a way how we would like to do that first of all we are currently still in the stage of experimenting that what exactly we need what exactly we would like to do because you must have realized that we explained your use cases and we explained you architecture but the architecture itself does not address the use cases directly it just provides you a framework where you will be able to implement your own use case is a way in a way how you would like to by the end of the day of course we would not want to stop at the requirements definition phase and you know just collect use cases draw nice diagrams and put it into a standardization body and then just we did our homework we are good we can go home because this is how tackle does their things this is the 21st century so these things are changing and we are rather implementing defective standards and we are trying to ensure that what we came up with as ideas we have the implementation in place as well we have the prototypes we tried how it works and we enhanced it further as much as we could so we decided to step out of the door and bring all this effort into public and we chose opnfv and maybe a few of you would ask that why we didn't just come to open stack and solve the problem here exactly we wanted to first provide the synchronization point for the telecom industry we wanted to gather all the vendors and service providers together and discuss with them that what we would like to do because one of the the biggest pain points when you try to move to the implementation phase is that you are not always able to describe clearly enough what you would like to do and this is one of the feedbacks as well we just got this week from the open stack community for example that it is good that we are trying to do things and they see that we are trying to do actually good things which will be beneficial for for all of us including really all parts of the industry but they don't always understand the purpose of our requirements our needs so we need a bit better communication format so this is why we we chose opnfv to really discuss and make each other understand that what and why we would like to do what we want to all achieve and then we can we can go for example join to open stack and do the implementation phase here like how we already started as you could hear yens description about it the the other cool part in in opnfv just as you can see on the figure that it is way much more than just a forum for communication because we are in this community we are building together a full cloud platform end-to-end integration and we are providing tests verification and validation tests on the integrated platform so this way we have feedback on whether our implementation really works whether it really serves the purpose that we designed it for and whether it really fulfills all our requirements that we have what one more thing about opnfv which is important for us is standardization because I just said a few minutes ago that that we don't do that anymore it's it's not true in hundred percent it is still still important so in opnfv we are also working together with standardization bodies like etsy or or IETF and we are trying to be a bridge between standardization and the open source communities and upstream communities to speed up the process that we had in the past I don't know 20 30 years to really bring you implementation and solutions way faster than how it worked previously so we created a project it is called network readiness and we gave it the nice and cute nickname net ready it is a very brand new fresh and crispy opnfv project it was created a month ago we are already having weekly meetings where each each of you all of you any of you can join and I would like to encourage all of you to come and share with us your pain points your ideas how you try to solve those pain points how you manage to to solve them give us feedback whether we are investigating in a good direction or not and let's let's try to make this as a real community effort and also what is really important this project can also be a really good forum to synchronize on on our APIs that we are using because even if we have now a sandbox where we can play when we can experiment where we can have our prototype implementations once the APIs will be mature enough to be ready to be production ones and we would like to be able to provide an interoperable platform by the end of the day and for this it is very important to have this synchronization point and come up with all those solutions that that serves our purpose in a flexible and efficient and good enough way and mainly this was what I wanted to say and I would like to invite back Ian and bin to stage because I'm sure that we have a few more minutes for questions we have mics on both sides so please come and grill us with questions nice presentation one question my first impression was the the port abstraction could have been a subtype or a subclass of the neutron port which is kind of evacuated out made really lightweight I'm sure you explored that path I want to know what were your top two three blockers or you know what came in your I'm curious so you're right you're absolutely right in the actual fact that the the template that I showed on the screen there as an input to the particle generator what you don't know is there's a line at the top with a very sarcastic comment saying this should be a subclass of a neutral ever glue on in this instance port but the second part of that we yes basically we've taken neutrons model of a port and trimmed it very slightly down there's a few things that they're very neutron specific that come out of it many of the things to do with binding should stay in MTU management VLAN transparency should stay in but a lot of it is just well not necessary and I think one of the rules will find we have to change that exists within neutron today is when a port is created in neutron it immediately gets an address whereas in general you can do better work if you give it an address when the port has found a home on a specific server in a cloud so we might want to leave that's that option open to ourselves why is it that we're talking new APIs and not simply adding to neutron the answer to that is that ports in neutron are tied very closely to network ports are always on a network networks always have a subnet subnet's pretty much describe how the addressing is going to work that model is constricting when you're trying to do something a little bit out of the ordinary and that that's true enough for L3 VPN we've kind of worked around it with the interface that's in open stack today by saying well each of these will actually be they'll think they're in the same subnet but actually they're not really something weird is happening just like the upstream it's likely more thrown away in the service chaining API honestly but I'm fairly sure as we come and we work on this in the future we're going to find that that model is too constricting and we want to we want to do more interesting things than that so I'm trying to get away from the thought that every port lives on a network and to the idea that a port you know all I care about a port is that both sides recognize that it's a drop point for traffic nothing more than that thank you hi presentation and I get the difference between the carrier networks and the data center networks looking at presentation I see a lot of similarities being this and OVN do you want to sort of compare contrast what your thoughts are and I'm going to admit that I'm not very well educated on OVN I have to say but the thing about this is it's really describing the clouds interface to networking now if you're hiding OVN underneath that that's just fine and and I wouldn't stop you and you go for it but the clouds interface offering is almost exactly the same as the SDN controllers interface and OVN is in a form an SDN controller but it's just taking away a couple of bits and pieces it's taking away that that kind of the asynchronous nature of a back end from from the asynchronous nature of the the application so the application tells you what to want what it wants you to do then might be polling or so on to to get things to work it takes away the role-based access control as well that you would expect to open stack but the SDN controller really doesn't care about for the most part SDN controllers and this is a personal opinion I grant you but my opinion is that SDN controllers shouldn't know about users shouldn't know about tenants these are not things that SDN controllers should care about should care about putting the network in place so so it's it's only a level difference yes you're right OVN probably does do a lot of similar things but it's the SDN controller component I think you should look at it could be it's a very logical model it's a logical model of the other network so it a lot of the similarity you're talking about and also having ports not tied to a particular host you have around yeah there's a lot of even even the code generation factor it's slightly similar in some ways but there's some really interesting parts there that yeah it's worth it no it's thank you for the tip actually I will go and explore that could you please comment on the state of glion as a project in the open-stack crowd map wise as well as kind of separate question but what amount would be in work would be involved in an SDN controller itself like open daylight for example to work well with okay so in terms of a project it currently lives in my github I have to admit it's not an open-stack project but for what it's worth it's more than just me working on it so at least there's that much we want to make it an open-stack project what's in there at the moment is firstly the original demonstrator to say that we could do this and it does actually work that code works today you can actually go there you can read the documentation deploy it via dev stack and what we're working on right now is a rather more tidy implementation along with the the particle generator stuff which is coming along nicely but is going to take a little while longer what we wanted is something that was basically functional so you can see the intent of it before we brought it along to open stack so we're not we're not trying to not have it as an open-stack project it's just that it feels a little embarrassing to kind of create an empty repo and say you know I'm thinking of writing stuff in it I'd sooner bring something that was at least halfway there to show that we've actually got plans and intent and before we open it up to the you know everybody to try and make it better if we open it up to the world half finished really half finished at this point in time then I'm not sure that it will pick a direction and that would be a problem sorry I think there's another half to your question as well I forget second question was about potential amount of work involved in a particular is the end controller like open daylight as an example we've been looking at that back-end synchronization and then distribution question and we found a model that we think will let us work with the API's that exist on for instance or the API's as for instance open daylight publishes them today it would require a little bit of coding it wouldn't require a huge amount of coding to get something that's functional but maybe more moving parts than you might like at least you'd be able to work with it and in an ideal world we would change the northbound or replace the northbound in in open daylight to to communicate in a slightly different way but I think we can get to something working before we try and refine it and that's what I'd like to see here I'm trying not to make this thing perfect from the outset for the simple reason will take us forever I'd sooner get us to something that we can see how to improve okay are we done with questions everybody happy okay then I hope you will actually go out and give the code a look over give it a try or at least forward as with your opinions as you've done and obviously we're we're around to be chatted to us during the conference so please do come find us and thank you very much one last project the github location you mentioned yes sorry github.com slash I a wells slash glue on okay thanks and look at the wiki because everybody misses this but the wiki has a document that tells you how to deploy it