Hi, my name is Matae Jones. Thanks for joining us on our campus dining tour. Hashtag you work home live. It's 1030, it's Tuesday. We're really happy to have you guys join us today. Again, my name is Matae Jones. I'm a senior here at the University of Arkansas. I'm majoring in food science, so I'm going into my last year. So home stretch, we're almost there. I've lived on campus for three years, so I'm very familiar with campus dining and specifically full-barred dining hall, north side for life, you know that's what it is. But behind the camera today is going to be Courtney Elichert, introduce herself and we'll get to know you guys. My name is Courtney. I'm also a student here at the University of Arkansas. I'm about to start my sophomore year as a nursing major and I'm from Fayetteville. So I'll be behind the camera today. I'll be getting all of you guys questions. Feel free to ask us anything while we're touring the dining halls. About the food or anything on campus, I'll be having to answer that for you guys. So yeah, please do ask us any questions that you have and we'll be sure to answer those. So we're going to head in and introduce you guys to some people who know a lot more about campus dining than we do. So we're here in full-barred dining hall and we're going to meet Kristen, Ashley. Hi guys! So I'm Kristen. I'm the marketing manager on campus and then this is Ashley, our campus dietitian. So we'll just start out right here. So you will, at any of our locations, you will be able to use your campus ID card as your payment. So that's any of our retail and any of our registers at our dining halls. So I will mention about meal trades. I know that's kind of a common question. So you can actually exchange one of your dining halls pipes for a combo meal at any of our retail locations. So we offer two during breakfast. That is brufa gogo and obon pain at the union. And then lunch is brufa gogo and dinner is chick-fil-a, slim chickens, payway, all of those good places.  We're fixing to open. Typically what you can find here is soups. We've got sandwiches and subs that you want to top off with yogurt. You want to circle back around through here. Bread. Everybody loves bread. This is kind of our home style station. You can see a lot of variety here. It's always something different. Our grill line is right over here. You can always find in the morning, you can make your own omelet. Or we always have burgers, hot dogs, chicken, and then some steamed veggies, fries. It's in the making, but pizza is normally here. And you can also find in the morning for breakfast, breakfast pizza, which is awesome. And then if you get really lucky, we have delicious cinnamon rolls that are over here too. We have kind of a stir fry pasta station here. It's always really good to have very students love it. More home style here. Kind of an authentic Mexican cuisine there. Really good.  I did, yes. I lived at Reed, which is just right up the sidewalk. I lived in Hotspur in my freshman year in the Maple South for two years. So Hullbright has been my home for three years. Do you have any favorites? The stir fry and the omelets in the morning, if I could make myself get up before my early classes. Ice cream. Ice cream is a staple anywhere on campus. Any dining hall, get ice cream. Don't leave without the ice cold. And this is our green table. So what's really cool about this is it's our gluten-friendly concept and our gluten-friendly station. We have two of these on campus here at Hullbright and at Brough. So I'll let Ashley our guide just kind of talk a little bit about that. Yeah, so we remove all ingredients that actually contain gluten. So anything that's actually on the menu would not contain any gluten at all. So that's a really cool feature that we get to offer. We also renew shellfish. Gosh, we're losing my mind here. Don't you have icons too to kind of show how does that work? And so if we actually walk over here, it's just one. So we've got an icon that would indicate vegetarian or vegan options as well as another icon that says balanced on it that just has to figure out that this is a healthier choice compared to some of those other things that you see in the dining room that may not be so healthy. And if they wanted to know where the icons were listed, can we find them on your website or where were they found them? Yes, so we actually have an app called Dine on Campus that houses nutritional information, menus, hours, which is huge, a map with all of our food locations on it, events, kind of all that good stuff, all housed in one app. So all at your fingertips. So that's Dine on Campus. And I will do a plug right now about our social media. So that's another place to find out about events and different. Yeah, I'll just point you guys right over here. So we've got a kind of cycling through our screens. It's Food on the Hill. We're on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook. We love Instagram though. So give us a follow on there. We want to bounce over here and maybe talk about our carbon footprint a little bit. We have a really good partnership with the food recovery on campus. So any leftover food that we have, we end up donating. And then we also are very sustainable and have a partnership with the city of Fayetteville. And the leftover food is made into compost. So that's really cool. The VAC is a really great program, food recovery, the food pantry. It's a great opportunity to get involved on campus when you arrive. I think applications to volunteer for that go out that first week that school starts. So be the one to look up for that. Get involved, join. Help save the planet. Help save the food. I know food insecurity is a big problem on college campuses. So that's why we're actively working too thick. So this is a great way to help you out on campus. So we have a couple questions. Yeah. A man asked what time do the dining halls close during the week? So 8 p.m. 8 p.m. And then how do the dining halls provide for students with food intolerances? Students with food intolerances or food allergies or any medical condition that does require a special diet. We always encourage them to actually dine at the green table. We do special made to order meals. And then I'm also, as the campus dietician, I'm also the resource for them. So you guys can always send me an email at diet at ur.edu. And I'm more than happy to at least start that conversation and help our students figure out how to navigate the dining halls. Yeah. I'm lactose intolerant. And one thing I was really concerned about was being able to drink milk because I do drink milk at home. And I remember I asked about a certain brand and it showed back up in Fulbright a couple weeks later. I was really thankful for that. So I got to have my cereal, drink my milk and be fine. So they really are committed. You just have to ask and talk to them. They're really nice. Yes. I think that's my biggest piece of advice. If you need something, you've got to ask for it. So, but we're more than happy to do what we need to do to make sure that we accommodate you safely. And at all of our dining halls, I will say we have a texting number called Texas All. We've got one down here if you can maybe see, but we have them at all of our locations. There is a different texting number at all of our dining halls. So if you have any comments or questions or you need dietary assistance, feel free to text that number. Even if it's something as simple as, hey, we're out of ketchup, let us know. Awesome. Speaking of reducing the carbon footprint, you actually grow some lettuce on campus, right? We do. We do in a shipping container. What? Yeah, called the freight farm. Yeah. So do we want to go ahead and walk over there? Is that good? Have we seen what we want to see here in Fulbright? I think so. I mean, unless we want to just take a quick tour, let's just kind of finish looping around. Yeah, of course. Oh, the drinks too. Yeah, lots of variety over here. There's water, which is super trendy right now. And soft-serve ice cream. Soft-serve ice cream. I mean, that's something that everybody talks about. Awesome. This fall, we're going to do like a weekend waffle, make your own waffle bar. So that'll be really fun. All right, freight farm. Are we going to head out to the freight farm? Yep. Another great thing about Fulbright is that there's all this open space to sit. So it's really easy to eat here with a lot of big friends, like big groups. And just hopping here. It's a really great place to eat. Where's everybody from who's tuning in? We have, what, 16 people tuned in? Yes. I want to use that exit ever. Special door today. All right, so while we're walking over to the freight farm, kind of wanted to share a little bit about what's coming new to campus. I don't know if you guys have heard the buzz yet, but we are getting a whole new food court. We are getting a full Chick-fil-A, which everybody's like, what is a full Chick-fil-A? Yes, full service. That means breakfast, milkshakes, you name it. We're going to have it. We're really excited. K-Way, which is brand new. We're super pumped about that. We're going to have True Burger, which is a concept that we actually developed. It serves fries, burgers, and shakes. And 5% of your purchase goes back to a student membership from a department on campus, which is super cool. Housing was one time the recipient of that too, so we appreciate that. Yeah, so that was awesome. We love giving back to the campus and the community. And then Flying Burrito, which is a local kind of Tex-Mex place, kind of like a Chipotle almost. So we're super pumped about that. And is there an Italian concept too? Oh, yes. I almost forgot. Rustic Italian. So it's kind of like a rustic Italian kitchen. So it's going to house pizza, sandwiches, dessert, salads, really any of those items we're going to have. And I will say we actually just got a huge brick oven in Pizza Oven for this concept yesterday. So we're really excited about that. I know our director of culinary is ready to start playing with pizza. Yes. A go-go, you mentioned like rough a go-go earlier. Can you explain what the a go-go concept is? Yes. So rough a go-go is actually a concept developed for kind of on the go.  It comes with basically it's you just kind of exchange that meal swipe.  You get hand fruit chips and a drink. You get kind of a whole combo meal and exchange it for a swipe. And they're open 7 a.m. and we've extended it to 4 p.m. So you have that flexibility to get it all day long. Yeah. It was a really great thing to like use between classes. If you like had not like a full like hour between a class, you just eat something real fast and it was a dining hall. Because sometimes the lines do get long and like those peak times. You can just go into rough a go-go, grab a sandwich, eat in the Greek theater and just go right to class. And that is located. Sometimes people are like, where is it? So it's actually located right below rough. So next to Quiznos, which that's another thing that I mentioned that our sushi is moving. So it used to be housed at the union and it's actually going to be housed now at Quiznos. So that'll be really good. And yeah, I think I forgot to mention though, the food court, you will be able to meal trade in the evening there. So your favorites, pay, wait, Chick-fil-A, flying burrito, true burger, you will be able to exchange that dining swipe for a meal trade. And Billing is setting up differently too. I know that when I've gone there in the past, you kind of get your stuff at the station. Yes. And then you end up going to another line. Yes. So now hardly no line. So you'll be able to actually pay where you are getting your food out. So you will be able to go to Chick-fil-A, get your sandwich, your fries, and your drink all right there and pay right there. You won't have to stand in two lines. So we're super pumped about that. And when is that opening? The food court. So that will be open keeping our fingers crossed. It will be open by the time school starts. So you will have it day one. I thought it'd be cool to look at this thing from a little bit of distance because you might not even know what this is when you walk in. Yeah. It's literally a shipping container. Yeah, this is our freight farm. So it's an upcycled shipping container that's been converted into a vertical hydroponic farm. We love it. So we actually, we've been able to grow all sorts of produce in it. But right now we just stick to lettuce at this point. And all of the lettuce that actually grows in our shipping container stays right here on campus and goes right to our students. We send it over to where the wild greens are, which is our own salad and grain bowl concept that we have here on campus. So you're able to actually, you talk about hyper local, you literally walk it over to our union in rough locations. We need to. A lot of people are, it's so delicious. One of my favorites, for sure. I lived in Maple South and we would go all the way over to Founders just to eat there at night because we had to have that grain bowl, that salad, the chicken was so good. This is a look at you. Look at you. And so over at where the wild greens are, Founders, you can get flatbread pizzas, your grain bowl, your soup, all of that. And then a little different with the union, you can get salads. And then we've added smoothies to that menu. So it is, it is so good and we're going to do monthly features with superfoods. I think in August or September, we're going to do, are we doing Apple? Kind of an Apple's. Apple's are in September. Yes. So August we're doing, August we're featuring tomatoes. And so we're actually doing a sun dried tomato basil hummus, which I cannot wait to try. But yeah. So do you guys want to see inside our freight farm? Absolutely. And this is also ran by interns. So that's really cool too. Students just like you running this freight farm. Yes. This is the freight farm. My name is Amelia. I'm a sustainability intern. So I'm working with Chartwells this summer through the school year in the freight farm but then also on sustainability in August. Initiatives. So I'm here some days. I'm kind of walking through the process of the farm and like the cycle that they go through. So yesterday I seeded rural plugs. So they're going to germinate and become little plants, which is exciting. So then we moved them up here. And these aren't looking great, but we were moved up here yesterday. But then we take these. So like next Monday we'll take these out and transplant them into the towers. And we'll harvest what's in the section that they're going to be in. So it's all around vertically so that's how we can fit so much into this like little shipping container space which is a little snug when you have multiple people working in here. But here's what one of the towers looks like. And then we'll transplant the new ones in. And you can actually eat the slightest on campus at our retail location where the wild greens are. You can also decorate with your meal plan, which is super exciting. It's pretty much my favorite place to eat on campus. They have lots of different toppings and options. These are LED lights. They're kind of like they hang down. Oh yeah, we can turn them on. Was this so cool? Yeah, it's a party when they're on, actually. Oh, wow. And the water drips down from these emitters and like makes its way down the tower. And so this is like the sunlight that the plants need. It has the red and blue wavelength and then the water. And we can also put other nutrients and oh, I'll put this back in so when the water comes out it doesn't splash us. So the water comes from then main take down there and then it like travels through. And we also store some like cleaning stuff that's important for us to keep it clean. So there's not like algae and we don't track pests. It's kind of an issue sometimes. But yeah, there are different sections and so every week we just harvest like a bag of lettuce and I take it over to the kitchen and it's all done right here on campus. Which is exciting that it's so fresh. Yeah. Yeah, if you want to like kind of show them the whole like back here you can see like the whole like progression. There's like five sections just different little life cycles, all of them. That is so cool. It is a party in here at the Lifetime. Yeah. You can have a speaker. Yes. Listen to music. I love it. Awesome. Thanks a million. Thanks for showing us around. I know. It really does. We'll do one more little plug about marketing. So we are always looking for students to come work for us. We're super flexible. We start out at $10 an hour, which is above minimum wage here in Arkansas. We offer internships and not just food service. So Ashley has dietetic and wellness interns. I have marketing interns and we're always looking to hire. So if you're ever interested you can apply at AltogetherGreat.com on Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook. And Ashley also has we'll do a little plug about Archie Eatswell. Yeah. So I actually have my own Instagram account. It's called Archie Eatswell. I post obviously healthy things but sometimes just depending on what it is I might post what I eat in the dining hall during the week, which I love eating the dining halls. So yeah, it's really easy for me to find some healthy options in there too. Just give me a follow if you're into that. Thank you guys. Thank you guys for joining us today. Be sure to join us tomorrow at 10 o'clock for our Campus Health URK Home Live Tour. You can go to movin.uark.edu and find more information about that to get signed up. But thanks for joining us today. Hope you guys learned more. If you have any more questions just comment down below. Cori is going to try to get to all of them in the fall. And there's lots of good food here for you guys to eat. So you will not go hungry. So yeah, have a great summer. We'll see you in the fall.


What's going on everybody? My name is Alex Freeberg and today we're going to be starting our intermediate SQL series. If you joined us for our last series, we walked through the basics of SQL, which is everything we needed just to get started. And in this series, we're going to be walking through some intermediate concepts to really take your skills up to the next level. Now, today we're going to be walking through joins, but let me show you what you can expect from the entire series for this intermediate course. So we're walking through joins today. And then in future videos, we're walking through unions, case statements, updating and deleting data, partitioned by data types, aliasing, creating views, having versus the group by statement, the get date function, primary care versus foreign key. And then we're going to have an advanced course. And this is not set in stone yet. But these are some of the things that I think I will be going through or walking through. We're going through CTEs, sys tables or system tables, sub queries, temp tables, string functions, regular expression, store procedures and then importing and exporting data. So with all that being said, let's get into it. All right, now let's get rid of me because we do not need to be seeing me for the rest of the series. At the very top here are some of the things that we're going to be going through today, which are inner joins and then outer joins and then the outer joins. We have a few different styles or three different types of outer joins. Now, a join is a way to combine multiple tables into a single output. For now, we're going to be using the employee demographics and the employee salary table. So let's get a look at both of these tables and see what's in them. In our employee demographics table, we have employee ID, first name, last name, age and gender. And then down here in our employee salary table, we have employee ID, job title and salary. If you notice they have a similar column and that's going to be the employee ID. Now, when you're doing a join, you have to do this based off a similar column and typically you want it to be a unique field. So we're going to be using the employee ID from both tables to join these tables together to create one output. So let's get rid of this real quick and let's start building our query to join these two tables together. So the first thing we're going to do is an inner join. So let's do select everything and let's do it from SQLTutorial.dbo.employeeDemographics and let's do join. We can also say inner join, but join by default is going to say inner. And we're going to do SQLTutorial.dbo.employeeSalary. Now we have to join them together, which is what we talked about earlier and we're going to be doing that based off the employee ID. So for that we have to say on and then we're going to say employeeDemographics.employeeID is equal to employee salary. So let's run this real quick and take a look at the output and let me pull this up real quick. So what we are looking at is actually both tables combined. We have the employee ID first name, last name, age, gender and then here's the salary, employee ID, job title, salary. Now an inner join is really only going to show everything that is the same. So in both tables there are employee IDs of 1001 all the way down to 1009. But if you notice there is data that is missing. Real quick let's go down to this graphic and let's look at this inner join. An inner join is going to show everything that is common or overlapping between table A and table B. So what we are looking at here is exactly that. We are only looking at the things that are similar based off this employee ID in both tables. Now let's change this join to a full outer join and let's run this and see what we get. Now if you notice the output is very different. So let's take a look at it and see why it's so different. If you notice everything down to here is the exact same. So employees 1001 down to 1009 are exactly the same. But once we get down to row 10 it starts to get very different. Now we are joining these tables based off the employee ID. So for example right here Ryan Howard has an employee ID of 10011. But as you can see in this table for salaries there is no 10011 employee ID. So it has nothing to link it to. So because of that it fills in everything as null because it has nothing to match on this table. And vice versa in the employee salary table there's a person in here that's a salesman and there's no employee ID at all which means all this information is going to be null. And we can see that in this diagram right here. So this is the full outer join right here. And what it is saying is we are going to show everything from table A and table B regardless of if it has a match based on what we were joining them on. So even if table A has an employee ID but there's no employee ID in table B we're still going to show it and vice versa. So now let's look at a left outer join. A left outer join is going to take the left table and say we want everything from the left table and everything that's overlapping but if it's only in the right table we do not want it. Now what is the left and the right table? The left table is going to be our first table that we use. Our right table is going to be the second table that we use. So we're going to look at everything in the employee demographics table regardless of whether or not it has a match on the employee ID in the employee salary table. So this is what that looks like. So as you can see this is our entire table for employee demographics. And down here we have three that have information in the employee demographics table but have absolutely no information in any of the employee salary table because there's nothing to match it on. So this 1011 is not in this table. This 1013 is not in this table. And this one does not even have an employee ID. So we're not going to have a match at all. And if we change that to the right you'll see the exact opposite. It's going to show us everything in the employee salary table. So now we have all of our information right here from the employee salary table. And if it doesn't match in this table it's just going to get nulls. So down here we have 10010 and obviously there's not going to be anything associated with that because there's no 10010 in the employee demographics table. And for this one we have a salesman with no employee ID and since there's no employee ID to tie it to this demographics table we're going to have nothing. And we can see that in the diagram right here. So for the left outer join we're looking at everything in table A which is our demographics table and in our right outer join we're looking at everything at table B which is our salary table. Now let's pull this down a little bit. So so far we've only been using the select star. So we've been selecting everything and I only did that just for demonstration purposes but you most likely would not be doing this when you actually use these joins. What you're probably going to want to do is select exactly what columns you want in your output. So for example let's do employee ID, let's do first name, last name and let's do job title and let's do salary. And let's try to run that really quick. And as you can see it is not going to work. Now why is that not working? It's not working because we have two fields, one in each of these tables and we have to specify what employee ID we want because that is going to drastically change what our output is. So we have an employee ID in this table and in this table which one do we want to use. So for this demonstration let's use employee demographics dot employee ID and let's actually just do an inner join because it's easier for the output. Now let's run this and see what we get. So as you can see we now have the employee ID, first name, last name, job title and salary. Now we're doing this with an inner join based off the employee ID from the employee demographics table but if we use the employee salary table it should give us the exact same output and that's because we're using an inner join and an inner join is only going to show us everything that overlaps between both tables. But now let's try a right outer join and let's run this. Now we're using this employee ID from our employee salary table and since we're doing a right outer join we're going to get all the information from our employee salary table and it does not have to be in our left table which is our employee demographics table. So if you look at the information down here this 110 is in the employee salary table but it's in this position because that's what we're looking at in our select statement. And then over here we have our salary and since we have information right here which is in our employee salary table but there is no employee ID, our employee ID is null. Now let's change this to look at the employee demographics employee ID and execute it. As you can see that 110 is gone. Now we just have this information right down here and we didn't have the employee ID for either of these so it's going to show it regardless and that's again because we have a right outer join and that's why we have no employee ID down here. Now let's do a left outer join and it's basically going to do the opposite of what we just looked at. Now we're looking at everything from our left table regardless of if it's in our right table. And so our left table is our employee demographics table and we are looking at our employee demographics ID. So with the employee demographics ID it's going to show us the first name and the last name which is everything in our left table our employee demographics table and since for these IDs or lack of IDs it's just going to give us nulls in all of these places. If I change it right up here to the employee salary employee ID and I execute it because we are showing everything from our left table which is our employee demographics table we are still going to see our names but since we're using the employee ID from our right table now we're just going to have blanks in this information and this information. Now let's look at a use case for these joins. Let's say Robert California is pressuring Michael Scott to meet his quarterly quota and Michael Scott is almost there he needs like a thousand more dollars and he comes up with the genius idea to deduct pay for the highest paid employee at his branch besides himself. So how does he go about doing this and identifying the person that makes the most money? Well of course he's going to come to SQL first. So we actually want to look at a full outer join real quick and let's just look at everything. So here's what we have. We have the employee ID first name last name age gender employee ID job title and salary. Now what information do we need to know to get the information that Michael Scott needs? Well we need the employee ID. We want the first name and last name so let's write all that real quick. So employee ID we need first name we need last name and then we're also going to need the salary because we need to know who is the highest paid employee. So now let's do an inner join because we really only want to look at the employee IDs where we know what their name is and their salary is and let's do this based off the employee demographics table. Really doesn't matter for an inner join but let's do that real quick. So let's look at this. So we have our employee ID we have our first name our last name and our salary and we want to do it where it's not Michael Scott and that's because Michael doesn't want to take away his own money. He wants to take away his employees money. So let's do where first name does not equal Michael and he knows that he's the only one that is not named Michael. So now we have our list and let's do order by and let's do salary and let's execute this and let's do descending so that we can get at the very top and this is tough tough news for Dwight Schrute because it looks like he is the highest paid employee besides Michael and so it looks like he is going to get a cut in his pay this quarter so that Michael can meet his quota. So that's just one use case. Let's look at one more use case. Let's start out by getting rid of this and looking at everything again. So for our next use case, Kevin Lone who is an accountant thinks that he may have made a mistake when looking at the average salary for our salesman. Now, Angela Martin is very good at SQL and so what she is going to do is she wants to go in and calculate the average salary for our salesman. So let's try to get that information. So all we're going to need is the job title and the salary. So let's come up here and let's get job title and let's get salary and let's look at this and now we only want to look at where the job title is equal to salesman. Now the very last thing we want to do is we want to say we want the average of salary. Now, since we're going to need to do a group by we're going to have to get rid of this salary and just take job title right down here and do group by job title. So we're going to have job title and then the average salary and there you go. We have the salesman and the average salary is 52,000. So Angela now knows to go back and fix what Kevin made a mistake on. So that's how you use joins. I will include this image in the description so you can go and look that up yourself if you are curious and want to look at that. That really helped me out when I was first getting started to kind of conceptualize and understand what kind of data I was pulling based on what join I was using. So I hope that was useful to you as well. In the very next video, we're going to be looking at the union. So if that is posted, be sure to check that out next. Thank you guys so much for joining me. I really appreciate it. If you like this type of content or got anything out of it today, be sure to smash the like button, smash the subscribe button, and I'll see you in the next video.


Yeah, this is right after you, but we up one up late night one time on YouTube and my boy Ruth hit me up like, bro, look at this video. This, it look like, there's a soldier boy trying to do the duck or something. He had some song called My Swag and the video's still on you too. That was what, that was it.  We on boss talk one on one, one on one. Here we gonna talk. First I'm gonna get into you and soldier boy's relationship, you know, when you first met him. Cause I met him a few times. I had a matter of fact, one is labeled people got in his labor here a few weeks ago and just want to understand just how you and him, how y'all even came to know each other. Okay, yeah. Because he tried to, he tried to take the day. Just so soldier boy was one of those guys that really came to try to figure out a way how to infiltrate. I heard about this. Yeah, I tried to get hot out some new like I was just was this after he said, uh, uh, what was that? That he had a song about his chain one time. It was, it was a song about his chain. No, that wasn't that one.   But he tried, he tried, he tried to do it. Like we, we, this was a step up from the you.  This, it looked like the soldier boy trying to do the Dougie or something. He had some song called my swag and the video still on YouTube. That was what that was it. It's still on there. You can see it. And he, I see him trying to do.  And the beat sounded the same. So I hit him a message like, look how both, you know, we did. We signed everything copyrighted. You can't take that. So what you got going on? He would try to take the video. I was about to copy it and put it back on there. So boom, like they going up on the comment line.   And like that next week, we all got a show together. And that would value you. Ma was here with 97 nine. Oh, yeah, yeah. It was a jingle jam. But we pulled up. We are there.  Like, man, what is that? They been still, I said, no, I'm trying to check something. But see, he was in the back room. He ain't come out. You know what I'm saying?  So I go in the crowd. Like, we don't crank that. We dug out. We boogie out here, man.  I had the whole crowd boogin.  Oh, yeah, yeah. He tried to do it on the slide. No, no. So I get mad. I'm ready to go stage. But bro, like, chill, chill, chill. So right after that, his manager or something came through. Let me and soldier would like the song, man.    Well, yeah, yeah. But then bro rule was like, we get to the house. He like, damn, bro. This nigga is the hottest thing smoking in the world right now. Let's just run the place. You know what I'm saying? That he he me and messes on my space and you two talking about how you got love for the Dougie, one trying to steal it.   No, another black man to another black man. Let's eat, man.  Let's get some money. Hey, you think if you wouldn't have came in that way, he would have told you or he would have put it in it. What about it went to beef? Yeah, I think if you wouldn't tell him that came in like that. No, he probably I don't think so. I don't think he wasn't on that type of love. And the reason why I say he said he do it.  Like he tried to take some of our stuff and they'll come in about it. And then he'll try to put them on to his side and try to bring them on.  Oh, yeah. OK, yeah, I don't I think I think he probably would never did say nothing. Because back then he was young.  So like some stuff he's been doing back in the day, he still can do it now because he famous, so he can grab somebody young and bring them in like that. OK, I don't I don't I think he would have did it differently. I think that's how they be getting stuff. They go grab somebody young or look at somebody young and take their style and dancing and about it and they'll keep it. But it's just about here to try to grab them, try to bring them on. I think a lot of artists probably be doing that, too. I think they do.


Ho, ho, ho! Merry Christmas everyone! Merry Christmas! Merry Christmas! What are your plans for 2022, Ms. Monica? Oh, my goals? Yeah. So I have some personal goals, as well as sort of more of a universal goal. And I know everyone talks about wishing everyone health.   I don't know. I think it's going to be with us forever and we'll just have bits and pieces of it. It'll probably get less and less. I do hope it gets less and less for sure. But I do have three goals. I think you do as well, right? Yeah, I get three. You want to share yours first? No, you can go. Ladies first. Ladies first, right? Ladies first. So my first and primary goal is to, I want to lose weight. So health-wise, that's a goal of mine is to lose weight. I want to stay as active as possible in 2022. And part of that is going to be riding my e-bike. You guys all know that Jay and I got e-bikes. So we're super excited about that. Unfortunately, we got it late in the season, but doing that and then just spending quality time enjoying the simple things in life, you know, with family and friends. And to me, those are my three primary goals.  I just want to lose some weight. I'd like to lose probably 20, 25 pounds. And that's basically about the time golf season starts in April. So my second goal is to play golf a lot better than I did last year. My handicap went way up. I had back issues and I'm really working hard on strengthening my lower back and my hip. And that's just, I feel so much better right now with all these different exercises. And then of course, to ride my e-bike a lot more, I think that'll just help with the weight loss and getting outside exercising. And I'd really like to do a lot more camping. Yeah, I agree. That would be awesome. So exercise, lose weight, camping, golf for you. Yeah, maybe even get those kayaks and get them dusted off and get a rack for the top of the Jeep and start paddling a little bit more too. Oh my gosh, we haven't done that in a while. I know. That's because of the vehicle we had. So now we get some new vehicles that we could probably do that. So I'm looking forward to it. Looking really forward to warmer weather. I know it's like the second day of winter. And I just, I'm sick of it already. So am I. So we're on the same page with that. I think so, yeah. Absolutely. We've always been on the same page, everything we've done, so pretty much. Pretty much. As long as I just, you know, Do what I say. Tote the line, behave, yeah, everything's fine. You're a good guy. Anyways guys, we just wanted to pop in and wish you all a very, very merry Christmas. And I'll see you before the new year for sure. But have a wonderful, wonderful holiday season. Merry Christmas. Happy New Year. Bye-bye. Bye.


I'm the comic weekly man the jolly comic weekly man, and I'm here to read the funnest to you happy boys and Honey, yes boys and girls. It's comic weekly time and here I come right into your house to bring a little fun and happiness right out of the pages of Puck the comic weekly Straight into your living room your friend the comic weekly man the jolly comic weekly man Hello hello Hello, hello, hello Honey, did you have a wonderful Christmas? Three dresses for myself and six pairs of shoes for the doll and three pairs of shoes for myself and a hat for myself For yourself or for the doll? For me, of course. Oh, excuse me, and did you make good resolutions for the new year? Yes. Yes, I did. Well, that'll make a very happy new year for me And just for that I'll read you Puck the comic weekly, but before I do let's listen to this nice man Now here we go with Puck the comic weekly and because flash and Dale are on a strange planet with a very beautiful queen Her name is Sunni and as the three of them were riding to the palace with Goro captain of the Queen's Guard They were attacked by a huge monster and the wizard so they have no weapons to defend themselves And I'm not just to find out whether flash or Dale gets hurt Well, let's turn over to page two and here we go with flash Gordon magic words for the music, please very well my lady Rega rega dune dunes ask him a tash. Let's have music for heroic flash As the huge dragon sweeps captain Goro and his mount to the ground flash snatches up Goro's broken lance and tries to distract the monster from Goro As the monster turns to flash Goro escapes last picture top row Seizing a sudden chance Flash darts in close and catches the dragon at his only vulnerable point the monsters evil eye and tiny brain And the monster slowly sinks to the ground die First picture bottom row captain Goro says gratefully Thank you for saving my queen's life and my own Flash warns we're not saved yet. Those birds don't look friendly They see coming toward them a flock of huge three-headed birds birds big enough to kill a man Queen Sunni looks at them in horror She tells flash their hydra vultures and says they'd better take cover in the dragon's cave, but Goro protests Oh, no, it's against the wizard's metal laws.   No one in New York has seen it last picture top row Dick gives it to Washington who instantly orders it read to all his officers and men Music First picture next row the Declaration of Independence is read to Washington's army It's a solemn moment. Dick studies the faces of the first American soldiers farmer boys, frontiersmen, merchants, clerks, artisans Many of them have never held a rightful and it's read to the officers Washington is a Virginia planter General Israel Putnam is an innkeeper General Knox a bookseller and general Nathaniel Green a blacksmith Dick glows with admiration for their fantastic courage in daring to defy the staggering power of England Music Meanwhile last picture of the row from reports of trappers and Indians friendly to the American cause It's known to Washington that a vast force of British regulars and Hessian mercenaries is being massed in Halifax, Nova Scotia Under general how for the attack on New York and we see the ships of the British and the soldiers preparing for the attack How early the enemy is expected dick on watch duty first picture bottom row on Long Island Sights a long line of sales far out at sea and he cries out the British transports. You can see him coming As dick and Washington's officers watch the British ships loaded with soldiers come closer and closer With no Navy to oppose them the ships stream Arrogantly into New York Bay and dick wonders what general Washington's little army can do now Yes, it's a dangerous moment. What's going to happen? Well, that's something I don't want to spoil by telling you now next week. We'll find out Let's make the waiting easier by reading rusty Riley right now Oh, yes, because the various talking about black light Yes, last week we found out that a black light is something that's invisible Except when it shines in a certain chemical then the chemical will light up like an electric sign and rusty With some paint that he found in square bags boat house And then he said he needed a light and Patty found something that looked like a lantern when they turned it on They found it was black white and the letters painted on that boat all lit up. So now let's find out more about that Very well, here we go with rusty Riley galloping run till the road is dusty. Give us music for his horse and rusty As Patty and rusty stare at the letters that shine brightly on the boat rusty exclaims According to that article in the magazine that means the paint I use for the name has that special chemical in it There's something queer about this who's men on that boat talking about black light and then finding one of these gadgets in our Boat house Immediately they go in to tell text Meanwhile at the bar and mr. Kilgore the treasury agent is talking to takes two Justice Kilgore is about to leave rusty comes in last picture top row. He says she will it can sex We found one of those black light gadgets and the special paint they use with it in our boat house Tex exclaims suffering horn toes You mean it rusty goes on first picture bottom row I wouldn't have known what it was if you hadn't given me that magazine article We painted a name on the skiff and when you aim that gadget at it it shines real bright Mr. Kilgore listens intently and says Wait a minute rusty and take it slow. This is something I want to know all about A little later after hearing rusty story Tex finally says Hey, it's getting real late time for you youngsters to turn in scram now Rusty replies. Well, I'll go in a couple of minutes Tex When I got to go back to the boat house I left my knife in my flashlight as Patty goes to the house Rusty heads toward the boat house as he nears it He stops listens then says Gee willikens, I believe I heard voices down there The last picture we see captain clone beside a boat in front of the boat house He seems to be waiting for something and then he calls Hurry up bogs get that black light projector. I got the boat ready From inside the boat house squire bogs At whose place Rusty and the rest are staying calls back I'm trying to find it clone, but somebody must have moved it. It's not where I left it. I Believe so he wouldn't be fiddling around with a black light like the smugglers did if he weren't Oh, I hope they don't see rusty there though and catch him. I hope not to hey This is really becoming something isn't it Well now I think it's time for Very well, if you're so anxious, let's turn over the page and there on page five is Donald Duck Say the magic words with me Squeegee jump squeegee jump squeegee checker check. Let's have music to fit a quack quack Oh Donald comes out on the porch with an angry look on his face he yells to one of his nephews And he leads Louie into the boys room which is a mess toys scattered all around and he says Pick up your toys this place is a shambles Louie takes one look at the floor and says well, they must be Huey's and do is me.  This room that this way Huey replies. Hey, you're not the wrong guy.  It must be Huey's and Louie's.  He's about to bust and then And a little later last picture Donald is in the house reading his newspaper While his three nephews last picture stand at the window looking as though their hearts will break as they stare Unhappily at all their toys which are out in the backyard in the ash can Well, what do you think of that? Well, I'm sure that Donald wouldn't have thrown the toys away if the boys loved their toys enough to pick them up And take care of them. Yes, but not a single one of the boys was willing to pick those toys up Yes, but what I guess you're right the boys should have picked up their toys Yes, and if they promised Donald, they'll take care of them again Maybe Donald will let them bring the toys back before the junkman hauls them away and now here's something special Well, I've got a wonderful big surprise for you Well, if you just hang on to yourself for just a moment, you'll know what it is But first here's that man again with something interesting to say Now here we go again with Puck the comic weekly, but wait before I read any more I have a surprise for everyone. Oh goody goody. I love surprises. Tell me what it is Well starting next week the next issue of Puck the comic weekly is going to have a new comic star A favorite of yours little miss honey and a favorite of all you boys and girls Hello, mr. Comic weekly man. Hi miss honey. Well here he is in person hop along Cassidy Hoppy, it's nice to have you with us I was just telling miss honey that we'll be able to follow your new adventures and Puck the comic weekly soon How about giving us a preview? Yeah, that's right. I'm proud to have hop along join the many great stars and Puck and I hope my friends will enjoy our adventures My pals California and lucky of course my great horse topper will be with me We tango with some pretty tough characters right now We're trying to bring the justice a bunch of scoundrels led by of all things a beautiful girl named Calico It's quite a story and I think you'll like it. I'm sure we will Yeah, great deal of mail comes to me from my little friends and countries all over the world I received many nice letters from Australia England Ireland Africa and Japan South American Well just about everywhere I'm proud of you far away friends and I hope that sometime soon I might visit their lands and meet them personally Yes, I'm sure that would be as big a thrill for them as for the children here in America So you certainly deserve a lot of credit hoppy for the time you spend making personal appearances to make all these children So happy I imagine all the traveling's a pretty tiring job Well, we do travel around a lot and keep pretty busy, but it's certainly not tiring as a matter of fact The more I do the better I feel You see just about everything I do is connected with kids. There's a full of pep and enthusiasm. I can't help but feel the same way Since I have so much fun doing it. It never seems like work at all. Yes. I know just what you mean Well hoppy you can certainly expect Miss honey here next Sunday when we start your adventures in Puck the comic weekly Well, that's just fine And I hope that goes for all you boys and girls who are listening because I've got some exciting adventures coming up And I wouldn't want you to miss any of them and especially next week. Well, I hope no one misses next week I know I'll be here when you read my adventures for the first time say I got to be leaving now mr. Comic weekly man and miss honey, but I'll be back in person next week So long to lend so long hoppy See you next week And you'll be back next week. Well, this is certainly quite an event say Do you think you can recover from all this excitement? You know, we still have some funnies to read Now would you like to see what Roy Rogers is doing? Oh, yes, please because last week Roy jumped in the river to save a boy who was caught in the wild water And up on top of the bluff above the river and old pioneer character wearing a fur cap was shooting at Roy And just at the moment when it looked like the old man was going to shoot right on the boy dad Another man rode up and stopped him from shooting and I would like to find out who this man is very well Turned to the last page of the first section of Puck the comic weekly and here We go with Roy Rogers king of the cowboys. Hi. Yep. Hi. Oh now here we go with Roy and trigger. Hi. Yep. Hi.  Oh harness. Mr. Hardy. I didn't know he was here boy Well, you know it now that's his pony clover there Yeah, but the lad was snooping around the old fort and I was only looking out for your interests Last picture top row hardy looks in the river He sees that Roy is saving his son and he exclaims Well, the young scamps safe out of the river and a good thing for you that he is for head First picture next row Roy helps the boy out of the river saying come on, sonny I got a score to settle with that hombre who's been shooting at us from above the boy replies And I want to get even with him too. He chased me out of Fort Havoc Roy and the boy see that fur head and the man who had stopped the shooting have disappeared So they start back to where they left their horses Roy asks Where do you live sonny the boy replies It's a box each my dad owns the biggest spread in these parts as they come up on the top of the plateau last picture The row Roy exclaims Hey, he's gone Well, I aim to find out what's going on at all Fort Havoc that invites bullets for trespassing The boy says well, you're not going without me Meanwhile first picture bottom row hardy and fur head are riding at a dead gallop hardy says over long for head I want to find out when nitro cane will be ready to do the job. I hired him for Her head replies. Well, he ain't the hurrying kind. You can't be when you're handling explosives They gallop into the port last picture hardy calls out Nitro Where are you? As the horses rare up at the explosion at their feet a voice within the fort calls out And I suspect that this partnership isn't a very good one and the man's son is with Roy Rogers Yes, it looks like the boy and Roy will be against the boys father Mm-hmm next week. We'll find out more about it But now of course it is and of course here they are on the first page of the second section of pock the comic weekly Of course, so here we go with Dagwin and Blondie Ramaphoo Ramaphamsim Zem zombie conjure me music for Dagwin and Blondie Dagwood's neighbor Herb Woodley has stopped in to ask Dagwood a favor. He tells Dagwood I've got a package come and collect and I have to go out Dagwood So Dagwood tells Herb to leave a note at his house to have the package delivered at the bumpsteads Herb tells Dagwood. He doesn't remember exactly how much he's supposed to pay for it So Dagwood says well just sign one of your checks and leave it with me So Herb signs the check last picture top row saying oh, yes. Yeah, good idea. I hear it is Dagwood Now you just fill in the proper amount when the delivery man arrives First picture next row Herb walks off saying That's wonderful to have a friend so honest you can trust him with one of your sign checks But Agwood puts the check beside the phone then goes to take a nap Last picture of the row the doorbell rings and Cookie Dagwood's daughter and a little neighbor girl answer the door They find a beggar dressed in ragged clothes who asks could you spare a poor old man a dime? Cookie exclaims well my daddy's taken a nap first picture next row the neighbor girl picks up the check with Herb Woodley's Signature on it and says well if you don't want to wake your daddy Why don't you just give the poor old man this check so cookie replies all right Now this means that if cookie writes a million dollars on it that because Herb Woodley's signature is already on the check The bank will think that Herb Woodley has written the check and wants the bank to give the hobo a million dollars Which is very unusual Next picture the hobo's at the bank where he hands the check to the bank clerk the clerk looks at it and exclaims A million dollars the hobo replies yep, and I give it to me in one dollar bills there's a And the clerk has gone to the office of the president of the bank the clerk and the president and all of them are jabbering Widely as the president looks at the check he exclaims a million dollars and the clerk exclaims And that's Herb Woodley's signature all right and the vice president exclaims why he's never had over That means that Herb is in trouble for writing a check for a million dollars when he doesn't have more than two hundred dollars in the bank First picture bottom row the doorbell at the bumpstead house rings awakening Dagwood Dagwood exclaims Well, that's probably the delivery boy, but why is he ringing the doorbell so violently? So Dagwood opens the door and Five policemen grab Dagwood and without asking him any questions take him down to jail And last picture Dagwood finds himself locked in jail with a hobo and herb Dagwood asks innocently Why are we here Herb? Herb just looks at Dagwood and growls like a dog He certainly does and no wonder being jerked out of his house and being taken to jail without knowing why He learns what she did. Oh, I'm afraid she's going to be in trouble tonight Well now it's time for Prince Valiant Oh, that's really exciting because Prince Valiant is staying at a castle and the castle is being Attacked and last week you said that the most feared thing was happening and I want to find out what it is Well, let's go over to the last page and we'll find out right now with Prince Valiant in the days of King Arthur Eckhart Breckett, Gray Malkin and Quince music romantic for a fair fair Prince Black Robert who is attacking the castle of Sir Reef Wook has put his men to work building a tower that will rise above the walls of the Castle from the tower He expects to be able to shoot down the soldiers within the castle and thus win the battle But in order to prevent this Sir Reef builds the wall of the castle higher so black Robert can't shoot into the castle But last picture top row Sir Reef is telling Prince Valiant that black Robert has unlimited material with which to build While Sir Reef only has the supply within the castle Then Prince Valiant remembers that the tower that black Robert is building is without solid foundation And he suggests that they dig a tunnel from within the castle underneath the tower and set the tower on fire And so this work is done for weeks the work continues Until in the big picture in the middle of the page We see that the tunnel runs directly underneath the corner of black Robert's tower Then this place is packed with wood and charcoal and set a blaze First picture bottom row the smithy within the castle and the armory are stripped of their bellows And the men force air into the tunnel like blacksmiths so that the fire will burn All night they pump until the very ground under their feet close with the great heat from the chamber And then the supporting timbers burn through when the tower thunders down Last picture black Robert stands very still as the labor of weeks crumbles to ruins Then he turns to his task again for this resolute man will never give up Indeed it was and now maybe it'll be safe within the castle until a messenger has a chance to bring back help Oh, I certainly don't I hope so now that's all the time I have but before I go Here's that fellow with some more interesting information Honey and all your boys and girls. I gotta go now. All right, okay, that's the date and remember that next week Hop along Cassidy will be here in person to help us start his adventures in Puck the comic weekly Yes, sir next week and every week thereafter hop along Cassidy appears in Puck the comic weekly meet us all next week Oh, I'm the comic weekly man the jolly comic weekly man I'll be back to read the funnies. Do you happy boys and honey?  See you all next week your friend the comic weekly man the jolly comic weekly man


All right, what's up internet? So today's just gonna be a quick video on how to ship your Lazada orders step by step. Gumawa na kami ng video kagaya nito dati pero ngayon ito yung pinaha updated. But if you wanna check out the old video, you still can and still relevant. It's longer, has more detail. So of course, first you have to log in to your Lazada seller portal. Go to orders. You select the orders that you want to ship out. And then select print shipping label. And here's a pro tip. You can set the pages per sheet to two. So you're printing two shipping labels per page. So you can save yourself some money on the paper that you're using. I set it to cost a margin so that I'm sure that the whole shipping label is printed and nothing is cut off especially most importantly the barcode. You can go back and set ready to ship. For shipping, there are two items.  For items that fit in the pouches, just prepare the shipping label first. Put the shipping label into the pouch. Tape it up. You don't need to but we like to just as adding security that it doesn't fall out or anything like that. Pack the item. Put the receipt inside the pouch along with the item and seal the item. Now you can drop that off at a drop off point or if you're automatically enrolled in Lazada's pick up service then you just need to wait for them to pick it up. Now there are bulky items which do not fit into pouches and for this you can use your own packaging. What we do is we just wrap it up in bubble wrap. Always at least two layers of bubble wrap. So same procedure as before. Make sure you have your shipping label ready and your receipt ready. Wrap up the item. It doesn't matter if you know you're not so good at wrapping. Believe me, I'm also not good at wrapping and customers really don't mind. Usually the more bubble wrap to use the more they like it. Make sure to slip in the receipt. Either on top of the item or after the first layer of bubble wrap. Once the item is wrapped, then put the shipping label on top and then you can just directly put masking tape all over the shipping label that will protect it during transit.  There's always some clear plastic lying around from old deliveries or things like that. So I cut out a square. Put that square of plastic on top of the shipping label. And then I put masking tape all over. So a bulky item cannot be dropped off. Do not go to a drop-off point. They will not accept that. Drop-off points only accept items that fit in pouches. So for a bulky item, if you're enrolled with Lazada's pick-up service, great, you just need to wait for the pick-up. Or if you're not, you need to contact Lazada directly and request for pick-up. So that's it. Very short video. Hope it helped and happy selling, guys.


What do an umbrella, a shark, a house plant, the brake pads in a mining truck and a smoke detector have in common? They can all be connected online and in fact they are. By 2022 it is expected that more than a trillion sensors will be connected to the internet. If all things are connected it will shift the way we do business and use resources and will eventually yield massive amounts of data. But who owns this data and how safely will it be kept? By 2020 around 22% of the world's cars will be connected to the internet. That's 290 million vehicles and by 2024 more than 50% of home internet traffic will be used by appliances and devices rather than just for communication and entertainment. In this scenario what if your car or your home got hacked? The internet of things raises huge questions on privacy and security that have to be addressed by governments, corporations and consumers. But if we get things right it will also bring unprecedented efficiency to processes that will no longer be offline. Imagine cows in a farm being monitored to obtain health reports that will help farmers feed them better or tracking the behaviour of complex industrial machinery preventing accidents and shortening downtime for maintenance. All kinds of devices will be able to gather and share any type of information from their environment seamlessly organising themselves to make our lives smarter and safer. A world where all things are connected is going to bring endless opportunities for most human activities but it will depend on us whether we are going to take advantage of it or let it take advantage of us. Will data be collected, shared and stored to improve our lives or will it be used to control us?


Today I want to talk about hill climbing, which is a basic form of search, which is a basic thing that we use computers for. This is part of the class that we're working on in computational thinking and programming. So search is basically the idea of trial and error. Do something, see if it works, do not do something else until you find whatever works. Once you've found whatever works, you can kind of ignore all of the errors and just go straight to the solution in the future. So things are better. People used to say that computers can't do anything new, computers can't create anything because they can only do what you programmed into them. And that's true, but we can program them to search so that they may well, in fact, by trying a bunch of combinations and seeing which ones work according to however we defined working for them, they may well and do regularly find combinations of parameters that produce values that we ourselves didn't know. Search creates knowledge and it's the reason why it's worth understanding something about search in general, searching computers, searching in people. So the way we look at search test to basic parts, it has the problem space, which is the thing that you were searching, and then it has a searcher, which is actually a method of moving through the problem space. So a problem space for our purposes is basically a function.  And your job as a searcher is to find the combination of inputs that will produce the best score. And if not the best score, maybe some good enough score, depends on the problem. So the way we characterize problem spaces is number one in terms of how many inputs to the function are there. Is there just one function, one parameter that you can vary to the function? That would be a one-dimensional search space. Are there two dimensions that you can three, four more dimensions that you can vary? That's the dimensionality. On each dimension, then there's a question of how many different values might you want to consider. Some things like price or something might be essentially continuous or very fine grained, penny more, penny less. Other dimensions like red or green, chili, are more discrete. There's only a couple of choices. So that goes to the granularity of the space. And finally, there's the ruggedness that if you've got some set of parameters like I'm willing to pay $0.59 for some green chili, and you say, well, would you pay $0.60? Would you pay $0.59 for red? You've got changing variations. How much is that going to change the answer? So if you can make small changes in the parameters and usually get small changes in the answer, that's a smooth problem space, a smooth landscape. If, on the other hand, making small changes in the parameters causes huge changes, cliffs, and peaks in the function value that come back, that's a very rugged landscape. Smooth landscapes are going to tend to be easier to search. Rugged landscapes are going to be harder. OK, how are we going to search it? The basic idea of search or the basic idea of hill climbing is this. You start with some set of inputs, whatever it's going to be, however many dimensions the function needs. You pick values for all of them, and then you try to tweak it. Change one dimension, one unit. Up, down, up, down, up, down. And look to see if you can find an improvement. So that's what makes it climbing a hill. It's as if you've got a guy sitting somewhere in space, and he's looking all around him and saying, well, that one's uphill, so I'll go there, and then I'll look all around it again. Well, that's uphill, and so on. So hill climbing is an example of what's called a weak method. Weak meaning it makes very few assumptions about the problem space. If we knew certain things about the problem space, if we knew like the output was linearly related to the inputs, whatever that means, we could do much better. We could come up with very clever solution techniques that would just essentially go right to the answer, or very quickly find the best answer. But a weak method doesn't make any assumptions. It doesn't assume that the landscape is smooth, for example. It might be rugged. So a weak method is something that we can apply to almost anything. That's good. The flip side of the weak method is it doesn't actually guarantee to work. We'll see that in a second. So in order to do this idea of saying, here I am, that's got this score, here's a bunch of variations, the searcher has to evaluate the function at all of those neighboring spots. And those evaluations take some work that might be what depends what the function is. So typically, the cost of searching is going to be dominated by the cost of doing these evaluations of different varieties. I mean, if evaluation costs were zero, well, we could just try all possible combinations. Pick the best. But evaluation costs are not zero. It always takes at least a little bit of time. And in some cases, you may have to actually build models or do a physical experiment to determine how good a combination of inputs are. The evaluation cost could be very expensive. And then finally, we have to have a stopping criteria, an idea of when we're going to give up. Do we know that it's possible to reach a value of 100? So we're trying to find that. Are we just going to search for two days and then take the best one we've got? What's our rule? OK, that's search. Let's look at some examples. All right, here is a one-dimensional problem. So now, there's just a varying the x. And you get a height back. And the job is to find the highest height. And here, we've got a guy. He's called the steepest ascent hill climber. And in fact, he's just done the job for us. So if we start him over, all right. So he was stuck in some random position. If we do one evaluation, he didn't move. Now, he did. One, one. Why is he only moving every other evaluation? Because he's got to look to his right, look to his left, evaluate both of those, and decide which one is the best. They both might be uphill, in which case he wants to take the one that's more uphill, steepest ascent. So in fact, he's making a move every other evaluation here. And this works great. The flip side of making such good progress is that it's easy to mess up the steepest ascent hill climber. So if we put a few little hooks or little nasty spots, and now we try to let this guy go, he climbs.  This little teeny peak is what's called a local maxima. Local meaning every possibility one step away from where he is is worse or no better. So it just sits there. But it's not also the global maximum. So the global maximum, in this case, is our peak up here. It's the best possible function value that we would like to get, if we could, over all possible values of the function. So here's a little thing where people get the quiz question wrong, that this point up here, there. I stuck him up there. Is that guy at a local maximum? Well, people would say no. He's at the global maximum. But that's the trick. The global maximum is also a local maximum. Local maximum meaning all the neighbors are worse or no better. That's true. Left, right, both worse. It's a local maximum and the global maximum. All right. But this is a problem. Let's let this just go. Most of the time now, if we start the steepest descent guy in a random place, he got it there, he's not actually going to get to the global maximum if there are these little irregularities. And we can do better than this if we admit that maybe being absolutely strict but only going up is too strict. Maybe if we were willing to go down a little bit, we could then go up much further. And that's what stochastic hill climbing does. Let's start them both again. All right.  It's going up. But the virtue of it is it blows right through those little barbs in the landscape that catch the steepest descent hill climber. It's totally willing to go down. And then, whoa, look at this. There's another place that it can go up. The flip side of that is this thing doesn't ever seem to stop. It doesn't. It doesn't know that that spot in the middle is the global maximum. As far as it's concerned, it could be something else further away that's even better. There's sort of a combination of both of these guys called simulated annealing that starts out without going into the details. Starts out being very random, willing to go up and down and up and down. But it's got this parameter called T, which stands for temperature. And the temperature governs how willing it is to be crazy and random. When the temperature is high, it's very random. As the temperature gets lower, it gets more and more focused on improvements. So here, the temperature is down to 16, 15, 14. It's still pretty random at the moment. But it's starting to spend more and more and more time heading up. And the idea is, if we're lucky, it'll end up getting to the global maximum before the temperature gets so low that, essentially, it turns into the steepest ascent hill climber and will never go down again. So we're doing pretty well here. Yeah, it looks like annealing is going to kind of lock in on the maximum in this case. Now, this is only one kind of landscape. There are many more sort of rugged landscapes like this. That's a sort of weird one. I don't really know what that means. So most steep ascent did good there. Well, that's because we didn't have enough. Who knows what.  But this is just an example. It's a one-dimensional function.  I mean, in this particular case, there's only actually 100 different possible inputs to the function because I divided it up that way. So one to the left, one to the right, from 0 to 99. It's really easy just to try them all. And then you'll know the maximum for sure. But that's because we've just picked a simple example. Let's look at another one. Here's a two-dimensional example where now we have an x and a y and we get back a grayscale where white is good and black is bad in this particular case. We'll switch that later. And so here's the other thing. Now steepest ascent, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4. Now steepest ascent has to do four evaluations before deciding where to go because it goes up down on x, up down on y, before finding the best one. But once again, it finds the maximum in this unimodal function, a function that only has one peak without a problem. In the same way, if we sort of like carve out a moat around this thing, now this is no longer a, let's close it off there. No longer a unimodal function. It's a multimodal function. And in fact, it has many local maxima. And usually steepest ascent is going to get screwed and hung up along the edge of the moat. Oh, that time it managed to get in. And the same thing, stochastic hill climbing or annealing will avoid that problem.  And they'll very likely get to the maximum in the end, even though it's got some traps along the way. But still, this is now something like, this might be 64 by 64. That's still enough that we could really just try every single spot. And at this point, we really might want to.  And if a searcher never ever got there, never even evaluated anything in that corner, you would have no way of knowing that. But since we only have a small number of two dimensions, there's a lot that we don't see as far as really what makes search challenging. So for a final example, let's look at this.  This is a picture, but it's been hidden. There's a secret picture in there, and then there's a bunch of masks that have been laid on top of it. Each mask flips a bunch of bits in the picture. And there are 64 masks, and some subset of those have to be turned on to reveal the hidden picture. And so what we have down here at the bottom, this white bar, is a bit vector, 64 bits in a row, that each one controls one of those masks. So if I turn this guy on, well, in this case, if I turn that guy on, that makes the score worse. That guy next to him, if I turn him on, it makes the score better. It goes from 274 to 277 and so on. So I can flip all of these bits one at a time or whatever I want to do to try to find a better score. And let's let the steepest descent guy see now. In this case, the steepest descent guy has to do 64 evaluations just to move one step. Let's speed it up. One step, one step. So, well, all right, but the score is going up 344, 357, and so on. It's making progress. Unfortunately, 373, what's going to happen here? Still finding some improvement. We're doing good. Usually the way I've designed this thing, steepest descent, eventually gets screwed up. Eventually it ends up getting into some local peak where it tries turning off one mask that makes this area better and this makes some other area worse. So our evaluation function in this case is just checking, oh, there, now we're stuck. Got a score of 407, and it was the best that we could do. Now all of the alternatives are red. They're all negative. All right. So let's throw the stochastic hill climber at it instead. All right. So we're starting at some random point now. And the stochastic hill climber makes a lot more moves because it doesn't need to check all 64 dimensions before deciding what to do. It tries flipping a single dimension, and it's either going to make the score better or it's going to make the score worse. And either way, it considers that. And even if it makes it worse, it might pick it because that's what stochastic hill climbing does. It's biased towards picking the uphill moves, but it accepts downhill moves as well. And this thing may take a while. It might not even succeed in any time that we're willing to wait. We'll see. But this sort of thing, a high dimensional problem of relatively coarse dimensions, uh-oh, stochastic hill climbing, looks like there's just one more mask it needs to, there it is. It solved the problem in this case. And yes, it's cats. We're still on the internet. All right, that's it.


Ranger Bill, warrior of the woodland, struggling against extreme odds, traveling dangerous trails, fighting the many enemies of nature. This is the job of the guardian of the forest, Ranger Bill, pouring rain, freezing cold, blistering heat, snow, floods, bears, rattlesnakes, mountain lions. Yes, all this in exchange for the satisfaction and pride of a job well done. Sometimes young people make mistakes. And one big mistake is that of getting in with the wrong crowd. This is the story of young George Bruce. It's a story of how George made a very serious mistake and was sent away for a while to think about it. And when he came back to Naughty Pine, the good folk there didn't think they should let George forget that he's been away to reform school. It's also a story of how Ranger Bill tried to help young George make the grade and then got in the middle of what looked like a double cross. But let's go back a couple of months and look inside the office of the principal of the reform school. He's talking to young George Bruce. Now George, you're going back out into the outside world to try to live a normal life again. Yes, sir.  It isn't going to be easy.  Yes, I know. You know, society is very quick to call for punishment on the heads of those who make mistakes. But sometimes they're slow in offering to help in hand of those who've paid for their mistake. Well, I'll try my best to make the grade, sir. I don't want to come back here ever. That's the spirit. I don't want you to come back either. There's a place where I don't extend a return invitation. Well, goodbye, George. Goodbye, sir, and thanks for helping me. That's quite all right, son. Keep your chin up and look him square in the eye. You've nothing to be ashamed of. You advertise for an office boy here, mister? Well, yes. Come in. We'll talk it over. What's your name, son? George Bruce, sir. Oh, yes. You were in the papers, weren't you? I'm sorry, but we can't use you right now. Maybe some other time. I see. All right. Thanks anyway. Say, mister, you advertise for a gas station assistant? Yep. Want the job? Yes, sir.  Not afraid of work, are you? Yes, sir. All right. When can you start? Right now, if you want me to. Okay with me. Grab a rag and get them coveralls on over there. Sure. Right away, mister. Or say, what's your name? My name's George. George what? Did you have last name? Yes, it's Bruce. George Bruce, eh? Say, you ain't the kid that just cut out of reform school, are you? Yes, sir. I am. Oh, I'm sorry, boy. No job. That's a business to have you around here. Got to think of a business. Bill, you know who I am, don't you? Sure. You're Wayne Bruce. George Bruce's dad. You sure got a head for remembering? Well, I guess I've got a head, all right. Place to hang my hat anyway. Can I help you, Wayne? Yes, Bill, you can. It's about George. He, well, he's not doing so good. Can't get a job, is that it, Wayne? That's right, Bill. Nobody will give the boy a break. Trouble is, they'll be sending him back to reform school if he doesn't get work pretty soon. You know, people are cruel, Bill. Just downright cruel. Yes, Wayne, a lot of people are. But it may make you feel better to know that I want to help the lad make a clean new start in life. You tell George I want to see him tomorrow afternoon. Not to worry about getting a job.  I wouldn't forget this, believe me. Not in your life. Thank you. Thank you, Bill. Sure thing. What do you want, Cal? Where you been keying yourself, boy? Haven't seen you for a coon's age. Well, the question is mutual. I guess the sheriff leads a busy life just like the rangers, huh? Boy, you're not joking. Right now I'm checking on the Bruce lad. See if he's behaving himself. George Bruce? Don't even worry about George. Boy hasn't been able to find work yet, but that won't be for long. I'm going to talk to a friend of mine about giving the fella a job. Wasting your time, Bill. Once these kids turn bad, they stay bad. We've seen it happen too often. Maybe you have, Cal. Thing is, I never see anybody giving these fellas a hand. Oh, we all make mistakes. Some make worse mistakes, and others, that's all. They need help to get on their feet. But nobody wants to help. Now, look, Bill, you take it from me. I know about these things. The sheriff, I've seen a lot of them come out of reform school, and they always go back. Only when they do, they go to prison instead. We'll see that this doesn't happen to George, Cal. Take it easy on the kid, and give him his chance to make good, will ya? Oh, sure. Sure I will, Bill. Well, gotta run along. Same here. Drop around the office when you get time. First chance to get, Bill, so long. So long, Cal. And don't believe the worst about George. We'll see if we can make him an exception to the rule. Oh, Frenchie, how ya doin', big fella? Oh, Bill, my friend. It is so good to see you. That's good to see you, too, Frenchie. How ya doin'? Still cutting them down to your size? Well, Frenchie, he always swings the odds. What you say, the bigger they are, the harder they fall. Say, oh, by the way, you come upon the social visit or business? Well, a little of each. Mostly business, Frenchie. And what kind of business you want with Frenchie? You buy a timber? No, Frenchie, I wanna build some. What's your name, Bill? Frenchie, there's a young friend of mine. His name is George Bruce. George got into a little trouble a while back. He made a mistake, but he's paid for it. Now, he's trying to start over again. Only the folks in town won't give him a break. He just got out of reform school. Yes, a couple of months ago. And he hasn't been able to land a job yet. How about it, Frenchie? You give this boy a break? I'll vouch for him. Oh, you don't need vouch for him, Bill. Frenchie, remember when he ought to have himself some time ago now? Bring the young fellow around. Frenchie, you shall give him job and give him good name again. Thanks, Frenchie. You're an understanding man. The world had more people in it like you. It would be a lot happier place to live in. I'll bring the boy up in the morning. How do you feel about this, George? Great.  And you won't be sorry. I'll make good. I know you will. Frenchie, you'll see to that. I don't want you to be afraid of Frenchie. He's a big bulk of a man, a French Canadian. He's got a heart as big as his body. He'll understand. You see, George, Frenchie's made some mistakes, too. You mean that, Bill? He's made good, especially since he became a Christian. Or he's the top foreman of this big, glumbering outfit. He's doing very well. So you see, young fellow, it can be done. Sure it can, Bill.  That's right. They'll only do that little thing. Let's see. We'll be at the camp in about ten minutes. I glad Bill helped, young George Bruce. It makes big difference, all right. Yeah. The way these people in town act, they'd just as soon send them back to reform school. Tom, we ought to send some of them pumpkin heads off the clink. Maybe they wouldn't be so snuddy when they got out. Some of these egg heads here in town ought to be glad it ain't raining. What's rain got to do with it, Stumpy? Why, they'd all lose his turned up sigh. Old-timer, I think you've got something there. Well, thank you, Clay Wolf. Hey, Bill should be back soon. We'd better pack up. You know, he says we're going out on the trail for a couple of weeks. Yep. We're going to look for Rattler for the zoo. They need one, you know. The old one died. Now, I've got a feeling that I shouldn't ask this question. I can kind of tell by the look in Stumpy's eye. You might as well ask it because he won't tell us anyhow. Yeah, that's right. He can't take a hint. Okay, Stumpy, tell me how the old Rattler died. Well, sir, he thought in the front door of the snake house. Thought he was a doorbell and buzzed himself to death. Oh, no. Hey, hey, just a minute. Yeah, listen, I think I hear the boss man driving up out front. Good. Now we find out how young George made out on his first day on new job. Hi, Bill. Hello, fellas. How's Trent? What's the good news about George, Bill? Well, it's all good, I'm happy to say. He's doing fine. Even better than I expected. Great. Yes, sir. It sure is. It shows that if you have faith in human beings, they won't let you down. That is the Lord's guiding them. Say, George, maybe you like to run the errand for Frenchie, huh? Sure, Frenchie. Anything you say. That is a good boy. Look, I want you to take the ton and a half truck into town. Drop the saw at the Freddy pole. I'll send it back for repairs. Anything else you want me to do? More work, eh? Well, you can do something else. Go over to the bank and pick up the payroll on your way back. You mean me? You trust me with the payroll, Frenchie? No, you tell Frenchie why not. Frenchie trusts you. The big boss, he trusts you.  Sure, Frenchie, sure. Is there much money? $2,500 in the Manila envelope. That's a lot of money. Maybe I should have protection. Maybe you'll like to take us to Camp Monscap, huh? Sure, I'll take Blackie along. That's a good idea. Hey, Blackie, come on, boy. Go now. I'll show you a buck before dawn. Okay, Frenchie. Come on, Blackie. We're going for a ride. Here's Lumberjack's payroll, young fella. $2,500. Wow, that's a lot of money, isn't it? That's right. Now I'll put the money in this heavy Manila envelope and see it, okay? I'm all set. Let's go, Blackie. Some pretty bad downgrades going back to camp, Blackie, old fella. I sure hope the brakes in this truck are okay. Well, we ought to be back to camp in about half an hour. Say, I'd better slow up for that turn. Hey, this isn't funny. Say, what's wrong? I can't slow down. The brakes. Here, I'll try the emergency. Blackie, we'll never make that turn down there. We'll go off the road, sure. Come here, pup. You can't go out through the windshield. Hold it. We're going to crash. Ranger Tom calling headquarters. Tom calling headquarters. Come in, headquarters. Over. Come in, Tom. Bill to Tom. Come in, old boy. I'm flying the copter along the Lumberjack's highway, and right now I'm looking at a ton and a half truck crashed into some trees on a curve. Better take a look, Bill. Right. We'll be on our way at once. Any sign of life? No, not a sign. Here's the driver. It's George. Get a crowbar out of the truck, Stumpy, and we'll pry this door open and get him to the hospital. How are you feeling now, George? Pretty good, Bill. Kind of trembling. Doc says you just got bruised up a bit. Nothing serious. I'm sure thankful for that. You had close call, George. You said it, Grey Wolf. Boy, I sure was scared when I found out the brakes wouldn't hold. Cal, what brings you here? Checking up on the accident? No, Bill. Something much more serious. Huh? What's the matter? What's wrong? Only this, Bill. My theory's proved itself right again. These reform school kids are no good. Now, just a minute, Cal. We've been friends a long time, but let me tell you... No, Bill. You let me tell you. You know, there's a $2,500 payroll missing from the truck this kid was driving? No. You heard me? George, is this true? I don't know. I forgot about the payroll. It was in the truck when I crashed. That's all I can remember until I woke up here in the hospital. But I didn't take it. Please believe me, I didn't take the payroll. Honest, I didn't. I don't do things like that anymore. Yeah, yeah, sure. That's what they all say when they're caught in a trap. Cal, are you sure the payroll's missing? Absolutely sure.  You're under arrest for robbery. All right, fellas.  We've got to find that money. Where that kid's had it if we don't. Yeah. Hey, this is gonna take some looking, young fella. There must be a thousand places that money could be. And every nook and cranny's been gone over already. Not true. The Manila envelope shouldn't be hard to find this time of year. Let's work out from around the truck into an ever-widening circle. Search for about 200 yards around. I don't know, Bill. Looks like money isn't here. We've got to make sure. Let's start all over again. Okay, Bill, you're the doctor, but we look pretty carefully the first time. Yes, Tom, I realize that. The one place we didn't look on the first search may be just the place where we'll find it. Yeah, you could be right. Hey, Stumpy's in trouble. Let's go. Hey, what matter? What you shoot? Hey, shot is here. So I wind his copperhead. I'd use my hand for a pincushion, ordinary critter. Look at the size of that copperhead. You don't see him that big usually. I don't say not. You're fortunate, Stumpy. They don't give any warning before they strike. Our body coloring perfect for this time of year. Yeah. This one led to get along without his head for the rest of his life. Come on, fellas. One more careful search, and then we'll head back to town. I want to go over to the jail and have another talk with George. George, you're sure you're telling the truth? You wouldn't let me down, would you? Please believe me, Bill. I didn't take the money, and I don't have the slightest idea where it is. I guess you didn't find it either, did you? No, young fellow, we didn't. We didn't leave a stone-stick rocker log unturned. I'm certain now that the money's gone. Well, it looks pretty bad, doesn't it? Yes, George. I'm afraid it does look bad for you. All the evidence points one way.  Oh, if only I hadn't been knocked unconscious. Yeah. Well, there's only one thing you can count on. What's that? I believe you, and I won't rest until I find out where that money went. See, did you hear the story that's going around town about Bill Jefferson backing up the Bruce kid as being innocent in this lumberjack payroll robbery? I think that ranger's crazy. He'll only get himself in bad trying to defend that boy. Hello, Bill. Hi, Ed. How's the banker these days? Well, I'm fine, but I can tell you of one ranger that's not doing so hot. Huh? What do you mean? I mean this, Bill. You're way off base with the Bruce boy. He's guilty, Bill. And if you're wise, you'll drop the whole business before you get yourself in bad with the folks in town. Thanks for the advice, Ed. I believe the lad's innocent. I aim to prove it. How are you going to do that? Right now, I don't know. But I'm going to do it, and I will. Fellers, I'm just a might bit worried about Bill. I think he's jumped on the wrong wild horse this time. He's liable to get through. I think maybe you're right, Stumpy. Now, wait a minute. Bill's never wrong about one thing, and that's his judgment of human nature. No, that's right. But, uh, young fella, a man has to be wrong sometime in his life. And I'm beginning to believe this is it. I'm afraid Stumpy right, Tom. After all, look how carefully we searched area of crash and found nothing. George says he was knocked out all time until we got there. He could be stalling behind good excuse like that. No, I don't agree with you. There's some other answer to this whole thing. An easy answer, maybe. But where it is, I don't know. I'll find it. Now, Bill. Oh. Hey, how'd you get in here, Bill? I didn't hear the door open, and I ain't deep yet. I reckon you heard what we said. Yes, fellas. I can't say that I blame you very much. Only I'm sorry you don't have more faith in George. Well, I hope we're wrong, Bill. But it's beginning to look like George took the money. Hey! Carl, what's the matter? What's the matter? Look at this newspaper, and you'll see what's the matter. Huh? Great Scott. Look at those headlines. They're really out to get me, aren't they? Well, you're the whole front page. Everybody wants to know what's wrong with Ranger Bill Jefferson. This proves it, fellas. Proves what, Bill? We've got to find that missing money. And remember, in this country a man's innocent until he's been proved guilty. I don't want to make you keep going over and over this story, George. It's no more pleasant for me than it is for you. Sure, I know, Bill. You're trying to help me. Now, think hard. What little detail have you missed that might trip the answer for us? Start from the beginning. Well, let's see. Frenchie told me to go to town, and I called Blackie, and we got into the truck. Blackie? Who's Blackie? You never mentioned anyone else in the truck beside yourself. There wasn't. Blackie is the lumberjack's mascot dog. Oh, that's it. That's the clue we've been waiting for. You mean the dog might have something to do with it? Well, it's possible. But how would he? I don't know, George. I don't know anything. But I'm going to find out. I'm going to the lumber camp right now and have a talk with Frenchie's boss. You've got a lot of nerve, Bill. You and my big-hearted foreman. Why, if he wasn't so essential in my operation, I'd fire him right now. Not only have you been responsible for the loss of my payroll, but you want me to take part in some crazy harebrained stunt. Uh... Well? Are you through ranting and raving now, Jim? Oh, I'm sorry. What are friends for unless they understand one another, huh?  I'm glad you did let it off in front of me because I understand how you feel. You really mean that, don't you? Yes, I do. Then that rates your my cooperation. Let's get the dog and make the test. Wonderful. Now, you say the dog has taken messages back and forth from time to time. And this has got to work. Now, here's a Manila envelope, just like the one the bank teller put the money in. Okay, let's go. You get the idea, don't you, Jim? Just take the dog to the scene of the crash, put the envelope in his mouth and see where he goes. If you want it that way. Sounds crazy to me. Here, Blackie. You got it? There you go, boy. Great Scott, Bill. You may be right. He's heading right for the camp. But we still haven't got the money. Just be patient for ten more minutes. I think we'll have the answer to that one. Let's get in the car. Here we are, Jim. I don't believe it. That's simple. Maybe not. Here's the kennel right over here. Blackie, give me that envelope, Blackie.  Add our boy, thank you. Well, there's one envelope, Jim. That's the one we just gave him. It's empty. Yeah, I know. Blackie, the other envelope.  Bring it out here.  Well, Jim, there we are. The lost payroll. Bill, that's wonderful. Oh, the most beautiful $2,500 you ever saw. Jim, there's something more wonderful than that. The reputation of an honest boy. You're free.  It's all right, Sheriff. You're only doing your job, I guess. Come along, son. Let's go home. Sure, Dad. But just a minute, please. All right, son. Bill, I want to thank you for all you've done for me. You've proved to me that it pays to be honest and straightforward. You've shown me that the truth always wins out in the end. You can't always believe the facts, can you, boys and girls? That is, not unless you're absolutely certain you have all the facts. Because one missing fact can throw the whole truth out of balance. We'll see you next week for more adventure with... RANGER!