This is the story of the 1st Infantry Division, the Red One, whose fighting men saw the war through from D-Day North Africa to V-E-Day Germany. Those combat boots, polished now for occupation duty, slogged through eight campaigns and three amphibious landings, but units of the 1st fought as far back as the Revolution to preserve the Union in the Civil War. Were 1st in combat in World War I, when those units were combined into a regular army division? Then in 1941 there came from all walks of life a new generation of recruits. Boy, do I remember breaking in them 1st GI shoes. We learned quick it was a fighting outfit from that rugged training we got here and overseas. Still when we left England along in 42, we felt pretty good. At a swell CG, Terry Allen, a fighting general. We liked him, and he liked us. So the outfit relaxed, had some fun. Till, on a chilly November dawn, to the coast of North Africa out there in the dark, we knew action was close. Everyone tightened up. Wait, it was colder. The water or the feeling in my stomach when they opened up on us. In three days Oran was ours. Easy. Too easy. We thought we knew what war was like. But Jerry taught us different. Girty 88s, tough school pal. The times you got to work your way through. Damn near flunked out at the tasselry. But we learned the score, started to teach Jerry a few things out of our book. We ran our way back to Gaffsa and down Ronald's throat at El Guitare. Where we tore up his crack-tent panzer to be. Then we swung north to mature, inching artillery, hidden mines, walls of machine gun fire. Meanwhile Montgomery's 8th Army cracked the merit line. When we shook hands with his patrols, it was over the corpse of Ronald's army. After Tunisia, the crazy rumor got around that we were going to load on boats for home. We loaded on boats all right, but for Sicily. Which, believe me, was no place like home. This time the beachhead was plenty rough. But after we broke through, the Red One moved fast. Took 18 pounds in 37 days. But to take it, we had to stop and slug it out from the mountains all along the way. Like Coiner. Pretty mountains down. But after 21, yeah, 21, Jerry counter attacks, it looked like this. We won all right, but we paid. After Coiner, they send us back to England. Our new CG, General Huebner, put us through the jumps again. We tracked this for another beachhead. But this one we knew was going to be the payoff. The biggest show of all. The curtain went up on June 6, 1944. I just think of Omaha as a big town in Nebraska, not anymore. To me, it's a piece of beach in Normandy that was held. We were getting called out to remorder a machine gun fire like rain, without even an umbrella for protection. We came close to being rained out all right.  Like a Chinese puzzle out of hell, we cleaned up one field only to find out the next was loaded with Jerry. Had to keep digging all the time for cover from 88s and mortars, because if you didn't, still in a week's time, we ducked, shot, and plowed our way to Kalman. Well, we waited for the other outfist to come up on our flanks. The French with tickle to see that a superman getting licked by plain American dopey, who were human beings, too. We got a chance to clean up and tell the folks back home how we were doing.  It came on July 25th, when it seemed the whole damn air corps got in on a big bus to run slow. The country pulled an off-tackle play west of the town. The 4th and 9th divisions opened up a nice big hole, and a burst charged through. Patents' tanks went running all over like risky colts chopping up the panicky crops, but it was the dope for those who did the cleaning up.  And all the time, the infantry kept coming along for the final kill, with slugging and slogging, shooting, march, grab a nap when you could, eat while you hiked, sea rations, caves, and a lot of dust. That's what the school books call victorious pursuit, eating dust. Even when they put you on trucks, yay, dust. It was the hell of a way to see La Belle France, but we sure covered ground. From Coutinque in a month, we drove right away clear across France. We drew soiree sun with a red one smeared gerry 26 years ago. We rolled across the Belgian border, bagged 17,000 high knees in a three-day scrap around Monts, and kept scooping them up all the way to the Siegfried line. We cracked it in three days, drove a claim into Hitler's backyard around Arkham. It looked like the final round was coming up. We did some preparing.  Gave them a slogan, too. You were frightened for the honor of the National Socialist German Army, he said. Hard, too. House to house for weeks, but we had a slogan, too. No mission too difficult, no sacrifice too great, but we had to do the duty first. And the payoff, our slogan, had more punch. We cleaned them out house by house, street by street, till on the 21st of October, Arkham, or what was left of it, surrendered. We hadn't seen the worst yet. Hurts and quarries showed us that. We trimmed down the outfit, but we cleaned out jury. The Landers, our new CG, pulled us out for our first rest in six months. We couldn't believe it. Even when we got back to Verveer in Belgium, we knew it was too good to last. Hitler shot the works with one last gamble in the Ardennes. And back in the line, we went to hold the northern shoulder of the bulge. There's an old story for the red one. Mean weather. Jerry Beaton is brained out attacking, counterattacking, when we got rolling again after the bulge, we found the Rhine River ahead of us. It looked like a big ditch for dopey to jump. But the ninth armored grabbed a weird-looking bridge as we're margined, and we got over fast. After that, we just flew away the brakes and kept rolling. Well, right through the belly of Germany. And they told us in May the war was over. Do you know where we were? Czechoslovakia. Yeah, Czechoslovakia. And brother, where we tired.  Don't ask me why. You wouldn't say those guys look pretty, would you? No, not pretty. But they're real men, soldiers, who do their job.


Section 57 of Prison Memoirs of an Anarchist by Alexander Berkman. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org. Recording by Chuck Williamson. Prison Memoirs of an Anarchist by Alexander Berkman. Part 4 The Resurrection 1. All night I toss sleeplessly on the cot and pace the cell in nervous agitation, waiting for the dawn. With restless joy I watched the darkness melt as the first rays herald the coming of the day. It is the 18th of May, my last day, my very last. A few more hours and I shall walk through the gates and drink in the warm sunshine and the balmy air, and be free to go and come as I please. After the nightmare of thirteen years and ten months in jail, penitentiary, and workhouse. My step quickens with the excitement of the outside, and I try to while away the heavy hours, thinking of freedom and of friends. But my brain is in a turmoil. I cannot concentrate my thoughts. Visions of the near future, images of the past, flash before me and crowd each other, and bewildering confusion. Again and again my mind reverts to the unnecessary cruelty that has kept me in prison three months over and above my time. It was sheer sophistry to consider me a new prisoner, entitled only to two months' commutation. As a matter of fact, I was serving the last year of a twenty-two-year sentence, and therefore I should have received five months' time off. The superintendent has repeatedly promised to inform me of the decision of the board of directors, and every day for weeks and months I anxiously waited for word from them. None ever came, and I had to serve the full ten months. It is almost over now. I have passed my last night in the cell, and the morning is here, the precious, blessed morning. How slowly the minutes creep! I listen intently, and catch the sound of bars being unlocked on the bottom range. It is the night, Captain, turning the kitchen men out to prepare breakfast. Five a.m. Two and a half hours yet before I shall be called. Two endless hours, and then another thirty long minutes. Will they ever pass? And again I pace the cell, too. The gong rings the rising hour. In great agitation I gather up my blankets, tin cup, and spoon, which must be delivered at the office before I am discharged. My heart beats turbulently as I stand at the door, waiting to be called. But the guard unlocks the range, and orders me to fall in for breakfast. The striped line winds down the stairs, past the linkside deputy standing in the middle of the hallway, and slowly circles through the centre, where each man receives his portion of bread for the day, and returns to his tear. The turnkey, on his rounds of the range, casts a glance into my cell. Not working, he says mechanically, shutting the door in my face. I'm going out, I protest. Not till you're called, he retorts, locking me in. I stand at the door, tense with suspense. I strain my ear for the approach of a guard to call me to the office, but all remains quiet. A vague fear steals over me. Perhaps they will not release me today. I may be losing time. A feeling of nausea overcomes me. But by a strong effort I throw off the dreadful fancy, and quicken my step. I must not think, not think. At last the lever is pulled, my cell unlocked, and with a dozen other men I am marched to the close room in single file and lockstep. I await my turn impatiently, as several men are undressed, and their naked bodies scrutinised for contraband or hidden messages.  I dress hurriedly. A guard accompanies me to the office, where my belongings are returned to me. Some money-friends had sent, my watch, and the piece of ivory, the penitentiary turnkey, had stolen from me, and which I had insisted on getting back before I left Riverside. The officer in charge hands me a railroad ticket to Pittsburgh. The fare costing about thirty cents, and I am conducted to the prison gate. Three, the sun shines brightly in the yard. The sky is clear, the air fresh and bracing. Now the last gate will be thrown open, and I shall be out of sight of the guard, beyond the bars, alone. How I have hungered for this hour, how often in the past years I have dreamed of this rapturous moment, to be alone, out in the open, away from the insolent eyes of my keepers. I'll rush away from these walls, and kneel on the warm sod, and kiss the soil and embrace the trees, and with a song of joy give thanks to nature before the blessings of the sunshine and air. The outer door opens before me, and I am confronted by reporters with cameras. Several tall men approach me. One of them touches me on the shoulder, turns back the lapel of his coat, revealing a police officer's star, and says, Berkman, you are to leave the city before night, by order of the chief. The detectives and reporters trailing me to the nearby railway station attract a curious crowd. I hasten into a car to escape their insistent gaze, feeling glad that I have prevailed upon my friends not to meet me at the prison. My mind is busy with plans to outwit the detectives, who have entered the same compartment. I have arranged to join the girl in Detroit. I have no particular reason to mask my movements, but I resent the surveillance. I must get rid of the spies somehow.  I feel dazed. The short ride to Pittsburgh is over before I can collect my thoughts. The den and noise rend my ears. The rushing cars, the clanging bells bewilder me. I am afraid to cross the street. The flying monsters pursue me on every side. The crowds jostle me on the sidewalk, and I am constantly running into the passersby. The turmoil, the ceaseless movement, disconcerts me. A hoarseless carriage whizzes close by me. I turn to look at the first automobile I have ever seen, but the living current sweeps me helplessly along.  The baby looks strangely diminutive, a rosy dimple in the laughing face. I smile back at the little cherub, and my eyes meet the gaze of the detectives. A wild thought to escape, to get away from them, possesses me. And I turn quickly into a side street and walk blindly, faster and faster. A sudden impulse seizes me at the sight of a passing car, and I dash after it. Fair please, the conductor sings out, and I almost laugh out loud at the fleeting sense of the material reality of freedom. Conscious of the strangeness of my action, I produce a dollar bill, and a sense of exhilarating independence comes over me, as the man counts out the silver coins. I watch him closely for a sign of recognition. Does he realize I am just out of prison? He turns away, and I feel thankful to the dear Chum for having so thoughtfully provided me with a new suit of clothes. It is peculiar, however, that the conductor has failed to notice my closely cropped hair. But the man in the seat opposite seems to be watching me. Perhaps he has recognized me by my picture in the newspapers. Or maybe it is my straw hat that has attracted his attention. I glance about me. No one wears summer headgear yet. It must be too early in the season. I ought to change it. The detectives could not follow me so easily then. Why, there they are on the back platform.  A hat sign arrests my eye, and I walk into the store and then slip quietly through a side entrance, a dark derby on my head. I walk quickly for a long, long time, board several cars, and then walk again, till I find myself on a deserted street. No one is following me now. The detectives must have lost track of me. I feel worn and tired. Where could I rest up, I wonder, when I suddenly recollect that I was to go directly from the prison to the drugstore of Comrade M. My friends must be worried, and M is waiting to wire the girl about my release. It is long past noon when I enter the drugstore. M seems highly wrought up over something. He shakes my hand violently and plies me with questions as he leads me into the apartments in the rear of the store. It seems strange to be in a regular room. There is paper on the walls, and it feels so peculiar to touch, so different from the whitewashed cell. I pass my hand over it caressingly, with a keen sense of pleasure. The chairs too look strange, and those quaint things on the table. The brick-a-brack absorbs my attention. The people in the room look hazy. Their voices sound distant and confused.  The tones are musical and tender. A woman's no doubt. Yes, I reply, walking around the table and picking up a bright toy. It represents undyne, rising from the water, the spray glistening in the sun. Are you tired, Alec? No. You have just come out? Yes. It requires an effort to talk. The last year in the workhouse I have barely spoken a dozen words. There was always absolute silence. The voices disturb me. The presence of so many people, there are three or four about me, is oppressive. The room reminds me of the cell, and the desire seizes me to rush out into the open, to breathe the air and see the sky. I'm going, I say, snatching up my hat. Four. The train speeds me to Detroit, and I wonder vaguely how I reached the station. My brain is numb. I cannot think. Field and forest flit by in the glittering dusk, but the surroundings wake no interest in me. I am rid of the detectives. The thought persists in my mind, and I feel something relax within me, and leave me cold without emotion or desire. With an effort I descend to the platform, and sway from side to side as I cross the station to Detroit. A man and a girl hasten toward me, and grasp me by the hand. I recognize Carl, the dear boy. He was a most faithful and cheering correspondent all these years, since he left the penitentiary. But who is the girl with him, I wonder, when my gaze falls on the woman, leaning against a peller. She looks intently at me. The wave of her hair, the familiar eyes. Why, it's the girl. How little she has changed. I take a few steps forward. Somewhat surprised that she did not rush up to me like the others. I feel pleased at her self-possession. The excited voices, the quick motions, disturb me. I walk slowly toward her, but she does not move. She seems rooted to the spot, her hands grasping the pillar, a look of awe and terror in her face. Suddenly she throws her arms around me. Her lips move, but no sound reaches my ear. We walk in silence. The girl presses a bouquet in my hand. My heart is full, but I cannot talk.  Five. Detroit, Chicago and Milwaukee pass before me like a troubled dream. I have a faint recollection of a sea of faces, restless and turbulent, an eye in its midst.  And then all is very still. I stand in full view of the audience.  The crowd looks dim and hazy. I feel hot and cold, and a great longing to flee. The perspiration is running down my back. My knees tremble violently. The floor is slipping from under my feet. There is a tumult of hand clapping, loud cheers and bravos. We return to Carl's house, and men and women grasp my hand and look at me with eyes of curious awe. I fancy a touch of pity in their tones, and am impatient of their sympathy. A sense of suffocation possesses me within doors, and I dread the presence of people. It is torture to talk. The sound of voices agonizes me. I watch for an opportunity to steal out of the house. It soothes me to lose myself among the crowds. And a sense of quiet pervades me at the thought that I am a stranger to everyone about me. I roam the city at night and seek the outlying country, conscious only of the desire to be alone. Six. I am in the wall-time, the girl at my side. All is quiet in the cemetery, and I feel a great peace. No emotion stirs me at the sight of the monument, save for a feeling of quiet sadness. It represents a woman, with one hand placing a wreath on the fallen, with the other grasping a sword. The marble features mirror unutterable grief and proud defiance. I glance at the girl, her face is averted, but the droop of her head speaks of suffering. I hold out my hand to her, and we stand and mute sorrow at the graves of our martyred comrades. I have a vision of Stinka Rosin, as I had seen him pictured in my youth, and at his side hang the bodies of the men buried beneath my feet. Why are they dead, I wonder? Why should I live? And a great desire to lie down with them is upon me. I clutch the iron post to keep from falling. Steps sound behind me, and I turn to see a girl hastening toward us. She is radiant with young womanhood. Her presence breathes life in the joy of it. Her bosom heaves with panting. Her face struggles with a solemn look. I ran all the way. Her voice is soft and low. I was afraid I might miss you. The girl smiles. Let us go in somewhere to rest up, Alice. Turning to me she adds, she ran to see you. How peculiar the girl should conceive such an idea. It is absurd. Why should Alice be anxious to see me? I am old and worn. My step is languid, unsteady. Bitter thoughts fill my mind as we ride back on the train to Chicago. You are sad, the girl remarks. Alice is very much taken with you. Aren't you glad? You are mistaken, I reply. I am sure of it. The girl persists. Shall I ask her? She turns to Alice.  Alice whispers. I look up timidly at her. She is leaning toward me in the abandon of artless tenderness. And a great joy steals over me as I read in her eyes Frank Affection. Seven New York looks unexpectedly familiar, though I miss many landmarks. It is torture to be indoors, and I roam the streets, experiencing a thrill of kinship when I locate one of my old haunts. I feel little interest in the large meeting arranged to greet me back into the world, yet I am conscious of some curiosity about the comrades I may meet there. Few of the old guard have remained. Some dropped from the ranks, others died. John Most will not be there. I cherished the hope of meeting him again, but he died a few months before my release. He had been unjust to me. But who is free from moments of weakness? The passage of time has mellowed the bitterness of my resentment, and I think of him, my first teacher of anarchy, with old-time admiration. His unique personality stands out in strong relief upon the flat background of his time. His life was the tragedy of the ever unpopular pioneer, a social leer. His whitening years brought only increasing isolation and greater lack of understanding, even within his own circle. He had struggled and suffered much. He gave his whole life to advance the cause, only to find, at the last, that he who crossed the threshold must leave all behind, even friendship, even comradeship. My old friend Justice Swab is also gone, and Brady, the big Austrian. Few of the comrades of my day have survived. The younger generation seems different, unsatisfactory. The ghetto I had known has also disappeared. Primitive Orchard Street, the scene of our pioneer meetings, has conformed to business respectability. The historic lecture hall that rang with the breaking chains of the awakening people has been turned into a dancing school. The little café around the corner, the intellectual arena of former years, is now a counting-house. The fervid enthusiasm of the past, the spontaneous comradeship and the common cause, the intoxication of world-liberating zeal, all are gone with the days of my youth. I sense the spirit of cold liberation in the new set, and a tone of disillusioned wisdom that chills and estranges me. The girl has also changed. The little sailor, my companion of the days that thrilled with the approach of the social revolution, has become a woman of the world. Her mind has matured, but her wider interests antagonize my old revolutionary traditions that inspired every day and colored our every act with a direct perception of the momentarily expected great upheaval. I feel an instinctive disapproval of many things, though particular instances are intangible and elude my analysis. I sense a foreign element in the great circle she has gathered about her, and feel myself a stranger among them. Her friends and admirers crowd her home and turn it into a sort of salon. They talk art and literature, discuss science and philosophize over the disharmony of life, but the groans of the dungeon find no gripping echo there. The girl is the most revolutionary of them all, but even she has been infected by the air of intellectual aloofness, false tolerance, and everlasting pessimism. I resent the situation. The more I become conscious of the chasm between the girl and myself, it seems unbridgeable. We cannot recover the intimate note of our former comradeship. With pain I witness her evident misery. She is untiring in her care and affection. The whole circle lavishes on me sympathy and tenderness.  I shun the atmosphere of the house and flee to seek the solitude of the crowded streets and the companionship of the plain, untutored underworld. In the Bowery Resort I came across Dan, my assistant on the range during my last year in the penitentiary. Hello, Alec, he says, taking me aside. Awful glad to see you out of hell. Doing all right? So-so, Dan, and you? Rotten, Alec, rotten! You know it was my first bit, and I swore I'd never do a crooked job again.  Then they handed me a pair of Kentucky jeans that any fly-cop could spot a mile off. My friends went back on me. That five-spot was all I had in the world, and it didn't go a long way.  I don't know what to do. How do you happen here, Dan? Could you get no work at home in Oil City? Home hell! I wish I had a home and friends like you, Alec. Christ, do you think I'd ever turn another trick? But I got no home and no friends. Mother died before I came out, and I found no home. I got a job in Oil City, but the bulls tipped me off for an ex-con, and I beat my way here. I tried to do the square thing, Alec, but where's a fellow to turn? I have an ascent and not a friend in the world. Poor Dan! I feel powerless to help him, even with advice. Without friends or money his liberty is a hollow mockery, even worse than mine. Five years ago he was a strong, healthy young man. He committed a burglary and was sent to prison. Now he is out, his body weakened, his spirit broken. He is less capable than ever to survive in the struggle. What is he to do but commit another crime and be returned to prison? Even I, with so many advantages that Dan is lacking, with kind comrades and helpful friends, I can find no place in this world of the outside. I have been torn out. I seem unable to take root again. Everything looks different, changed, and yet I feel a great hunger for life. I could enjoy the sunshine, the open and freedom of action. I could make my life and my prison experience useful to the world, but I am incapacitated for the struggle. I do not fit in any more, not even in the circle of my comrades, but in this seething life the turmoil and the noises of the city agonize me. Perhaps it would be best for me to retire to the country and there lead a simple life, close to nature. Eight. The summer is fragrant with a thousand perfumes and a great peace is in the woods. The Hudson River shimmers in the distance, a solitary sail on its broad bosom. The palisades on the opposite side look immutable, eternal. Their undulating tops melting in the grayish-blue horizon. Puffs of smoke from the valley. Here, too, has penetrated the restless spirit. The muffled thunder of blasting breaks in upon the silence. The greedy hand of manned is desecrating the palisades as it has desecrated the race. But the big river flows quietly and the sailboat glides serenely on the waters. It skips over the foaming waves near the spot I stand on toward the great busy city. Now it is floating past the high towers with their forbidding aspect. It is Sing Sing Prison. Men groan and suffer there and are tortured in the dungeon. And I, I am a useless cog, an idler, while others toil and I keep mute while others suffer. My mind dwells in the prison. The silence rings with the cry of pain, the woods echo the agony of the dungeon. I start at the murmur of the leaves, the trees with their outstretched arms bar my way, menacing me like the guards on the prison walls. Their monster shapes follow me in the valley. At night I wake in cold terror.  The solitude is harrowing with the memory of the prison. It haunts me with the horrors of the basket-cell. Away I must away to seek relief amidst the people. Back in the city I face the problem of support. The sense of dependence gnaws me. The hospitality of my friends is boundless, but I cannot continue as the beneficiary of their generosity. I had declined the money gift presented to me on my release by the comrades. I felt I could not accept even their well-meant offering. The question of earning my living is growing acute. I cannot remain idle. But what shall I turn to? I am too weak for factory work. I had hoped to secure employment as a compositor. But the lino-type has made me superfluous. I might be engaged as a proof-reader. The former membership and the typographical union will enable me to join the ranks of labour. My physical condition, however, precludes the immediate realisation of my plans. Meanwhile some comrades suggest the advisability of a short lecture tour. It will bring me in closer contact with the world and serve to awaken new interest in life. The idea peels to me. I shall be doing work, useful work. I shall voice the cry of the depths. And perhaps the people will listen, and some may understand. Nine With a great effort I persevere on the tour. The strain is exhausting my strength, and I feel weary and discontented. My innate dread of public speaking is aggravated by the necessity of constant association with people. The comrades are sympathetic and attentive. But their very care is a source of annoyance. I long for solitude and quiet. The thought is preposterous, impossible. Meetings have already been arranged in various cities, and my appearance widely announced. It would disgrace me and injure the movement, where I'd approve myself so irresponsible. I owe it to the cause and to my comrades to keep my appointments. I must fight off this morbid notion. My engagement in Pittsburgh aids my determination. Little did I dream in the penitentiary that I should live to see this city again, even to appear in public there. Looking back over the long years of imprisonment, of persecution and torture, I marvel that I have survived. Surely it was not alone physical capacity to suffer. How often I had touched the threshold of death and trembled on the brink of insanity and self-destruction. Whatever strength and perseverance I possessed, they alone could not have saved my reason in the night of the dungeon, or preserved me in the despair of the solitary. Poor Wingy, Ed Sloan, and fighting Tom, Harry, Russell, Crazy Smithy, how many of my friends have perished there. It was the vision of an ideal, the consciousness that I suffered for a great cause that sustained me. The very exaggeration of my self-estimate was a source of strength. I looked upon myself as a representative of a world movement. It was my duty to exemplify the spirit and dignity of the ideas it embodied. I was not a prisoner merely, I was an anarchist in the hands of the enemy. As such, it evolved upon me to maintain the manhood and self-respect my ideal signified. The example of the political prisoners in Russia inspired me, and my stay in the penitentiary was a continuous struggle that was the breath of life. Was it the extreme self-consciousness of the idealist, the power of revolutionary traditions, or simply the persistent will to be? Most likely, it was the fusing of all three that shaped my attitude in prison and kept me alive. And now, on my way to Pittsburgh, I feel the same spirit within me at the threat of the local authorities to prevent my appearance in the city. Some friends seek to persuade me to cancel my lecture there, alarmed at the police preparations to arrest me. Something might happen, they warn me. Legally, I am still a prisoner, out on parole. I am liable to be returned to the penitentiary without trial for the period of my commutation time, eight years and two months, if convicted of a felony before the expiration of my full sentence of twenty-two years. But the menace of the enemy stirs me from apathy, and all my old revolutionary defiance is roused within me. For the first time during the tour, I feel a vital interest in life, and am eager to ascend the platform. An unfortunate delay on the road brings me into Pittsburgh two hours late for the lecture. Comrade Im is impatiently waiting for me, and we hasten to the meeting. On the way, he informs me that the hall is filled with police and prison guards. The audience is in a state of great suspense. The rumor is gone about that the authorities are determined to prevent my appearance. I sense an air of suppressed excitement as I enter the hall, an elbow my way through the crowded aisle. Someone grips my arm, and I recognize Southside Johnny, the friendly prison runner. Alec, take care, he warns me. The bulls are laying for you. Ten. The meeting is over. The danger passed. I feel worn and tired with the effort of the evening. My next lecture is to take place in Cleveland, Ohio. The all-night ride in the stuffy smoker aggravates my fatigue and sets my nerves on edge. I arrive in the city feeling feverish and sick. To engage a room in the hotel would require an extra expense from the proceeds of the tour, which are intended for the movement. Moreover, it would be cyberatism, contrary to the traditional practice of anarchist lecturers. I decide to accept the hospitality of some friends during my stay in the city. For hours, I try to locate the comrade who has charge of arranging the meetings. At his home, I am told that he is absent. His parents, pious chews, look at me as scants, and refuse to inform me of their son's whereabouts. The unfriendly attitude of the old folks drives me into the street again, and I seek out another comrade. His family gathers about me. Their curious gaze is embarrassing. Their questions idle. My pulse is feverish, my head heavy. I should like to rest up before the lecture, but a constant stream of comrades flows in on me, and the house rings with their joy of meeting me. The talking wearies me. Their ardent interest searches my soul with rude hands. These men and women, they too are different from the comrades of my day. Their very language echoes the spirit that has so depressed me in the new ghetto. The abyss in our feelings and thought appalls me. With failing heart I ascend the platform in the evening. It is chilly outdoors, and the large hall, sparsely filled and badly lit, breeds the cold of the grave upon me. The audience is unresponsive. The lecture on crime and prisons that so thrilled my Pittsburgh meeting wakes no vital chord. I feel dispirited. My voice is weak and expressionless. At times it drops to a hoarse whisper. I seem to stand on the mouth of a deep cavern, and everything is dark within. I speak into the blackness. My words strike metallically against the walls, thrown back at me with mocking emphasis. A sense of weariness and hopelessness possesses me, and I conclude the lecture abruptly. The comrades surround me, grasp my hand, imply me with questions about my prison life, the joy of liberty and of work. They are undisguisedly disappointed at my anxiety to retire, and presently it is decided that I should accept the proffered hospitality of a comrade who owns a large house in the suburbs. The ride is interminable. The comrade apparently living several miles out in the country. On the way he talks incessantly, hearing me repeatedly that he considers it a great privilege to entertain me. I nod sleepily. Finally we arrive. The place is large but squalid. The low ceilings press down on my head. The rooms look cheerless and uninhabited. Exhausted by the day's exertion, I fall into heavy sleep. Awakened in the morning, I am startled to find a stranger in my bed. His coats and hats are on the floor and he lies snoring at my side with over-shirt and trousers on. He must have fallen into bed very tired without even detaching the large cuffs, torn and soiled, that rattled on his hands. The sight fills me with inexpressible disgust.  The presence of another in my bed is unutterably horrifying. I dress hurriedly and rush out of the house. A heavy drizzle is falling. The air is close and damp. The country looks cheerless and dreary. But one thought possesses me. To get away from the stranger snoring in my bed, away from the suffocating atmosphere of the house with its low ceilings, out into the open, away from the presence of man. The sight of a human being repels me. The sound of a voice is torture to me. I want to be alone, always alone, to have peace and quiet, to lead a simple life in close communion with nature. Ah, nature. That too I have tried and found more impossible even than the turmoil of the city. The silence of the woods threatened to drive me mad. As did the solitude of the dungeon.  And is it for this I have yearned and suffered? For the specter that haunts my steps and turns day into a nightmare, this distortion life. Oh, where is the joy of expectation, the tremulous rapture as I stood at the door of my cell, hailing the blush of the dawn, the day of resurrection. Where are the happy moments that lit up the night of misery with the ecstasy of freedom, which was to give me back to work and joy? Where, where is it all? Is liberty sweet only in the anticipation and life a bitter awakening? The rain has ceased, the sun peeps through the clouds and glints its rays upon a shop window. My eye falls on the gleaming barrel of a revolver. I enter the place and purchase the weapon. I walk aimlessly in a daze. It is beginning to rain again. My body is chilled to the bone and I seek the shelter of a saloon on an obscure street. In the corner of the dingy back room I notice a girl. She is very young and has an air of gentility about her that is somewhat marred by her quick, restless look. We sit in silence, watching the heavy downpour outdoors. The girl is toying with a glass of whiskey. Angry voices reach us from the street. There is a heavy shuffling of feet and a suppressed cry. A woman lurches through the swinging door and falls against a table. The girl rushes to the side of the woman and assists her into a chair.  She asks sympathetically. The woman looks up at her with bleary eyes.  He hit me, the dirty brute, she whimpers. He hit me and I shan't give him no money. I just won't, Frenchy. The girl is tenderly wiping her friend's bleeding face. She warns her with a glance at the approaching waiter.  The man growls. You better vamoose now. Oh, let her be, Charlie, won't you? The girl coaxes. And say, bring me a bitters. The dirty loafer. It's money. Always giving money. The woman mumbles. And I've had such bad luck, Frenchy. You know it's true. Don't you, Frenchy? Yes, yes, dear. The girl soothes her. Don't talk now.  The girl sways to and fro, gently patting the woman on the head. And all is still in the room. The woman's breathing grows regular and louder. She snores. And the young girl slowly unwinds her arms and resumes her seat. I motion to her. Will you have a drink with me? With pleasure, she smiles. Poor thing. She nods toward the sleeper. Her fellow beats her and takes all she makes. You have a kind heart, Frenchy. We girls must be good to each other. No one else will. Some men are so mean, just too mean to live or let others live. But some are nice. Of course, some twirls are bad. But we ain't all like that and she hesitates. And what? Well, some have seen better days. I wasn't always like this. She adds, gulping down her drink. Her face is pensive.  She asks abruptly, You like poetry? Yes. Why? I write. You don't believe me, do you? Here's something of mine. And with a preliminary cough she begins to recite with exaggerated feeling. Mother dear, the days were young when posies in our garden hung in your lap my golden head I laid. With pure and happy heart I prayed. I remember those days, she adds wistfully. We sit in the dusk without speaking. The lights are turned on and my eyes fall on a paper lying on the table. The large black print announces an excursion to Buffalo. Will you come with me? I ask the girl, pointing to the advertisement. To Buffalo? Yes. You're kidding. No. Will you come? Sure. Alone with me in the stateroom, Frenchie grows tender and playful. She notices my sadness and tries to amuse me. But I am thinking of the lecture that is to take place in Cleveland this very hour. The anxiety of my comrades, the disappointment of the audience, my absence, all pray on my mind. But who am I to presume to teach? I have lost my bearings. There is no place for me in life. My bridges are burned. The girl is in high spirits. But her jollity angers me. I crave to speak to her, to share my misery and my grief. I hint at the impossibility of life and my superfluity in the world. But she looks bored, not grasping the significance of my words. Don't talk so foolish, boy, she scoffs. Why do you care about work or a place? You've got money. What more do you want? You'd better go down and fetch something to drink. Returning to the stateroom, I find Frenchie missing and a sheltered nook on the deck. I recognize her in the lap of a stranger. Hearts soar and utterly disgusted. I retire to my birth. In the morning I slip quietly off the boat. The streets are deserted. The city is asleep. In the fog and rain the grey buildings resemble the prison walls. The tall factory chimneys standing guard like monster sentinels. I hasten away from the hated sight and wander along the docks. The mist weaves phantom shapes and I see a multitude of people and in their midst a boy pale with large lustrous eyes. The crowd curses and yells and frenzied passion and arms are raised and blows rain down on the lad's head. The rain beats heavier and every drop is a blow. The boy totters and falls to the ground. The wistful face, the dreamy eyes. Ah! Why? It's Cholcos.  I must New York to be near my friends and death. Eleven. Loud knocking wakes me. Say, Mr. a voice calls behind the door. Are you all right? Yes. Will you have a bite or something? No. Well, as you please, but you haven't left your room going on two days now. Two days and still alive? The road to death is so short. Why suffer? An instant and I shall be no more and only the memory of me will abide for a little while in this world. Is there another? If there is anything in spiritualism, Carl will learn of it. In prison we had been interested in the subject and we had made a compact that he who is the first to die should appear in spirit to the other. Pretty fancy a foolish man born of immortal vanity. Hereafter life after death. Children of earth's misery. The disharmony of life bears dreams of peace and bliss. But there is no harmony save in death. Who knows but that even then the atoms of my lifeless clay will find no rest tossed about in space to form new shapes and new thoughts for aeons of human anguish. And so Carl will not see me after death. Our compact will not be kept for nothing will remain of my soul when I am dead as nothing remains of the sum when its units are gone. Dear Carl, you will be distraught at my failure to come to Detroit. He'd arranged a lecture there following Cleveland. It is peculiar that I should not have thought of wiring him that I was not able to attend. He might have suspended preparations, but it did not occur to me and now it is too late. The girl too will be in despair at my disappearance. I cannot notify her now. I am virtually dead. Yet I crave to see her once more before I depart, even at a distance. And that also is too late. I am almost dead. I dress mechanically and step into the street. The brilliant sunshine, the people passing me by, the children playing about strike on my consciousness with pleasing familiarity. The desire grips me to be one of them, to participate in their life. And yet it seems strange to think of myself as part of this moving, breathing humanity. Am I not dead? I roam about all day. At dusk I am surprised to find myself near the girl's home. The fear seizes me that I might be seen and recognized. A sense of guilt steals over me. And I shrink away only to return again and again to the familiar spot. I pass the night in the park. An old man, a sailor out of work, huddles close to me, seeking the warmth of my body. But I am cold and cheerless. And all next day I haunt again the neighborhood of the girl. An irresistible force attracts me to the house. Repeatedly I return to my room and snatch up the weapon and then rush out again. I am fearful of being seen near the den and I make long detours to the battery and the Bronx. And again and again I find myself watching the entrance and speculating on the people passing in and out of the house. My mind pictures the girl with her friends about her. What are they discussing, I wonder? Why, myself, it flits through my mind. The thought appalls me. They must be distraught with anxiety over my disappearance. Perhaps they think me dead. I hasten to a telegraph office and quickly pin a message to the girl. Come, I am waiting here. In a flurry of suspense I wait for the return of the messenger. A little girl steps in and I recognize Tess and inwardly resent that the girl did not come herself. Alec, she falters. Sonya wasn't home when your message came. I'll run to find her. The old dread of people is upon me and I rush out of the place hoping to avoid meeting the girl. I stumble through the streets, retrace my steps to the telegraph office and suddenly come face to face with her. Her appearance startles me. The fear of death is in her face. Mute horror in her eyes. Her hand grips my arm and she studies my faltering step. Twelve. I open my eyes. The room is light and airy. A soothing quiet pervades the place. The portiers part noisily and the girl looks in. Awake, Sasha. She brightens with a happy smile. Yes. When did I come here? Several days ago. You've been very sick. But you feel better now, don't you, dear? Several days. I try to recollect my trip to Buffalo, the room on the Bowery. Was it all a dream? Where was I before I came here? I ask. You. You were... absent, she stammers. An inner face is visioned the experience of my disappearance. With tender care the girl ministers to me. I feel like one recovering from a long illness. Very weak, but with a touch of joy in it. No one is permitted to see me. Save one or two of the girl's nearest friends who slip in quietly, pat my hand in mute sympathy and discreetly retire. I sense their understanding and am grateful that they make no illusion to the events of my past days. The care of the girl is unwavering. By degrees I gain strength. The room is bright and cheerful. The silence of the house soothes me. The warm sunshine is streaming through the open window. I can see the blue sky and the silvery cloudlets. A little bird hops upon the sill looking steadily at me and chirps a greeting. It brings back the memory of Dick, my feathered pet, and of my friends in prison. I have done nothing for the agonized men in the dungeon darkness. Have I forgotten them? I have the opportunity. Why am I idle? The girl calls cheerfully. Sasha, our friend Philo is here. Would you like to see him? I welcome the comrade whose gentle manner and deep sympathy have endeared him to me in the days since my return. There is something unutterably tender about him. The circle has christened him, the philosopher, and his breadth of understanding and non-invasive personality have been a great comfort to me.  Life is a problem, he is saying. A problem whose solution consists in trying to solve it. Schopenhauer might have been right. He smiles with a humorous twinkle in his eye. And his love of life was so strong, his need for expression so compelling. He had to write a big book to prove how useless is all effort. But his very sincerity disproves him. Life is its own justification. The disharmony of life is more seeming than real. And what is real of it is the folly and blindness of man. To struggle against that folly is to create greater harmony, wider possibilities. Artificial barriers circumscribe and dwarf life and stifle its manifestations. To break those barriers down is to find event, to expand, to express oneself, and that is life, Alec. A continuous struggle for expression. It mirrors itself in nature as in all the phases of man's existence. Look at the little vine struggling against the fury of the storm and clinging with all its might to preserve its hold. Then see it stretch toward the sunshine to absorb the light and the warmth and then freely give back of itself in multiple form and wealth of color. We call it beautiful then, for it is found expression. That is life, Alec, and thus it manifests itself through all the gradations we call evolution. The higher the scale, the more varied and complex the manifestations and in turn the greater need for expression. To suppress or thwart it means decay, death, and in this Alec is to be found the main source of suffering and misery. The hunger of life storms at the gates that exclude it from the joy of being and the individual soul multiplies its expressions by being mirrored in the collective as the little vine mirrors itself in its many flowers or as the acorn individualizes itself a thousandfold in the many-leafed oak. But I am tiring you, Alec. No, no, Philo, continue. I want to hear more. Well, Alec, as with nature, so with man. Life is never at a standstill. Everywhere and ever it seeks new manifestations, more expansion in art and literature as in the affairs of men. The struggle is continual for higher and more intimate expression. That is progress. The vine reaching for more sunshine and light translated into the language of social life.  Everywhere you see this reaching out. The process is individual and social at the same time, for the species lives in the individual as much as the individual persists in the species. The individual comes first. His clarified vision is multiplied in his immediate environment and gradually permeates through his generation and time, deepening the social consciousness and widening the scope of existence. But perhaps you have not found it so, Alec, after your many years of absence. No, dear Philo, what you have said appeals to me very deeply. But I have found things so different from what I had pictured them. Our comrades, the movement, it is not what I thought it would be. It is quite natural, Alec. A change has taken place, but its meaning is meant to be distorted through the dim vision of your long absence. I know well what you miss, dear friend, the old mode of existence, the living on the very threshold of the revolution, so to speak, and everything looks strange to you and out of joint. But as you stay a little longer with us, you will see that it is merely a change of form. The essence is the same. We are the same as before, Alec, only made deeper and broader by years and experience. Anarchism has cast off the swaddling bands of the small intimate circles of former days. It has grown to greater maturity and become a factor in the larger life of society. You remember it only as a little mountain spring, around which clustered a few thirsty travellers in the dreariness of the capitalist desert. It has since broadened and spread as a strong current that covers a wide area and forces its way even into the very ocean of life. You see, dear Alec, the philosophy of anarchism is beginning to pervade every phase of human endeavor. In science, in art, in literature, everywhere, the influence of anarchist thought is creating new values. Its spirit is vitalizing social movements and finding interpretation in life. Indeed, Alec, we have not worked in vain. Throughout the world there is a great awakening. Even in this socially most backward country the seeds sown are beginning to bear fruit. Times have changed indeed, but encouragingly so, Alec. The leaven of discontent, ever more conscious and intelligent, is molding new social thought and new action. Today our industrial conditions, for instance, present a different aspect from those of twenty years ago. It was then possible for the masters of life to sacrifice to their interests the best friends of the people. But today the spontaneous solidarity and awakened consciousness of large strata of labor is a guarantee against the repetition of such judicial murders. It is a most significant sign, Alec, and a great inspiration to renewed effort. The girl enters. Are you crooning Sasha to sleep, Philo? She laughs. Oh, no, I protest. I'm wide awake and much interested in Philo's conversation. It is getting late, he rejoins. You must be off to the meeting. What meeting, I inquire. The Cholgosh anniversary commemoration. I think... I'd like to come along. Better not, Sasha, my friend advises. You need some light distraction. Perhaps you would like to go to the theatre, the girl suggests. As tickets? She'd be happy to have you, Sasha. Returning home in the evening, I find the pin in great excitement. The assembled comrades look worried, talk and whispers, and seem to avoid my glance. I miss several familiar faces. Where are the others, I ask? Comrades exchange troubled looks and are silent. Has anything happened? Where are they, I insist. I may as well tell you, Philo replies. But be calm, Sasha. The police have broken up our meeting. They have clubbed the audience and arrested a dozen comrades. Is it serious, Philo? I am afraid it is. They are going to make a test case. Under the new criminal anarchy law, our comrades may get long terms in prison. They have taken our most active friends. The news electrifies me. I feel myself transported into the past, the days of struggle and persecution. Philo was right. The enemy is challenging. The struggle is going on. I see the graves of Waldheim open, and hear the voices from the tomb. A deep peace pervades me, and I feel a great joy in my heart. Sasha, what is it? Philo cries in alarm. My resurrection, dear friend. I have found work to do. End of Section 57. End of Prison Memoirs of an Anarchist by Alexander Bergman.


Hi, my name is Patricia Foucault. I'm the director and producer of a documentary called The Ground Truth, which I made at the beginning of the Iraq War, and I'm holding up my poster so we can put a face to this war. I started this movie because I read a tiny article that said in the very beginning of the invasion, a nurse was putting wounded soldiers in cardboard boxes and using her hair dryer to keep them warm. And I thought, oh my god, if the American people knew this, they would not let us stay in Iraq. But of course we did. And what happened over the next three years is that I became more interested in what happens to soldiers and veterans when they kill people, something we have absolutely no comprehension of. It's not just the wounded. It's not just coming back without a leg. It's coming back with a cliche that we talk about the invisible wounds and the invisible scars of war. But what does that mean? I did an interview with a doctor who said you understand that we destroy three generations every time we go to war. And I started to notice it. I started to see the pain of children. I watched the veterans that became my friends take hammers and put it through windshields and destroy their relationships and their marriages. I watched them unable to have a job. And all the time our attitude in America is, if you just stay still long enough, eventually you'll be fine. Eventually you'll recover. And it doesn't happen. And what really became the thesis of my film is that we never see war. We wave goodbye when they go on the plane in the tarmac. We wave hello when they come back. And everything in between is not really in the news. It's not really in our culture. And we have no idea what they go through. So when I made the film and it went to Sundance and people started seeing it, I got really tired of the questions. Should we divide a rap? What should we do? Should we bring them home? What about our killers? And I decided that the real question was what happens if you drive home and there's a tank on your street? What happens if a guy gets out and shoots your dog and pulls your cable and pulls your television and pulls everything and says, hi, we're here to help. We understand that you have a democracy that is suffering because your last two elections were fraudulent. We understand you have the largest prison population in the world. We understand that 40 million people at that time did not have health insurance. And so I felt that it became more important to put a picture to what war would look like in this country and to create an understanding, a personal understanding of what killing really does to another human being. We still don't get it. I'm not sure where we're going, but I think it's terrific that Code Pink and Jody Evans has created the tribunal because we have yet to be accountable for this war and we're just moving on to the next one. So it's an honor and a privilege to be here. Thank you.