Good afternoon. My name is Sugmoni. We're going to talk a little bit about HD voice, high definition voice of the overdue revolution. Specifically, we're going to talk about what HD voice is. How would you make HD voice happen on today's networks? Who is doing HD voice? Get into some very interesting questions here. And where you can find HD voice, high definition voice. I don't need that. Okay. Back in 2009, there were a bunch of events that took place that were kind of like a wake up call for me and some other folks about delivering high quality voice. First of all, France Telecom started beating its drum. They have over 5,000 G722 wideband endpoints deployed. In addition to that, they turned up HD voice in Moldova. And why would you pick Moldova to demonstrate a bleeding edge technology? Well, okay. Maybe that's a self answering question. Global crossing. It very quietly built a conferencing bridge for HD for its customers. Excuse me, for a customer. And it's working on a product for an open HD voice conferencing bridge where anybody can just call in and do conference call on HD. Verizon Business has close to 5,000 HD voice phones, specifically Polycom phones, if there are any Polycom fans in the audience. Install their headquarters in Basking Ridge. Verizon expects their early adopters to come by later half of this year and have general availability of HD on Verizon's business network, not to be confused with Fios or the wireless network in 2011. And then Cable Vision deployed a hosted HD voice service in the second half of 2009. So we're left with this quandary. Either, A, once again the United States of America is being outclassed by the rest of the world in telecommunications technology. How many of you think that? Or the other half, US carriers are going to wait until the smoke clears and then get a deal done because somebody else has done the hard R and D. Hard to say with some of these carriers. First, what is narrow band voice or what does it mean? Narrow band voice is basically what you get on nearly every POTS, plain old telephone system, wired or wireless call today around the world. And I'm going to ignore ISDN and the mobile HD voice deployments for a moment. A PSTN grade call captures voice in about a 3.4 kHz range, 300 Hz to about 3400 Hz. So what happens is you're hearing of a human. Basically you get about a third delivered on an average phone of what you can actually hear. Now that acoustical standard was set back in 1937. And since then we've had FM radio, television, CDs, DVDs, HDTV, HD radio, we've had all these audio advances, but the fundamental phone system around the world has not changed since 1937 from an acoustical standpoint. There are a couple of exceptions I'm going to ignore them right now. Now the voice over IP equivalent of narrow band is G711 and it delivers that 3.4 kHz of sound in about 64 kHz of bandwidth. Now if you think about it and you stop for a minute, landline phone has otherwise, every other technology in landline phone has changed since 1937. The user interface has changed, the way you connect calls has changed, the network has all changed.   You walked into any home today and it's like, unless you're a member of the professionally paranoid, you don't have a corded phone in your house. You have cordless phone and it's got buttons on it and it plugs into an RJ11 jack in the wall. So what is HD voice? I've set that up. HD voice is also called wide band voice. Now what that means is that it delivers voice in a range of at least 7 kHz, in other words twice that of a narrow band call. If I do my Tom Cruise imitation, this is you on, narrow band, this is you on HD. Narrow band, HD. If we turn to how that's delivered in voice over IP, the G722 codec is basically the standard or baseline when people start talking about HD voice and it captures a sound in a range of 30 Hz to 7000 Hz. But interestingly enough, you still only need that 64 kilobits per second of bandwidth just due to the rather mellow amount of compression that G722 does. Other HD voice codecs that we'll get to a little bit later include something called AMR wide band. Silk is pretty popular among the Skype crowd and then there's another codec called ISAC that's made by a GIPT. One of the key takeaways here is HD voice is only delivered on a digital network or an IP network. The current phone system, POTS phone system just can't handle it because it's all analog and all the handsets are legacy and they don't know, you know, you can't talk codecs to an RJ11 phone. The sidebar, there's a lot of hype coming out about super wide band or codecs that sample nearly to the full range of human speech. Now, I know I'm mixing and matching some of my terms here, but typically the sampling is 8 kHz sampling for narrow band, 16 for wide band, 24 for super wide band. Beyond that, you're sampling for your dog to hear it. Super wide band in some cases is basically marketing speak for or better than G722 in a lot of cases. But on the other hand as we'll hear in the demo, super wide band comes as close as you can get for delivering true voice just like you and I sitting across and talking to each other. Looking at the stuff from a different perspective when you start talking about Hertz, this is probably the best visual representation. First column is your voice basically more or less what it looks like in Hertz. Human hearing more or less of the amount that you can hear in terms of Hertz. Narrow band call, that is a little dinky bar right there in the middle. Then you go to HD voice, the bar next to it, and then super wide band next to it. So there's a gradual progression as to how much more information that you deliver the better the codecs get. Now since we talked about HD, we're going to try delivering it. To be married to a voice geek is not that bad. I have all my Friday evenings to myself. I can go out, have a drink, see my girlfriends. Then I come home, I cook a nice dinner, and I wait until the conference is over just hoping my dinner won't be totally burnt. Now what you actually heard, the first third of that audio clip was narrow band. The second third was G722 HD voice. And then the finishing part was super wide band in G722.1C one of the Polycom siren codecs. Now as you could tell from a subjective viewpoint the biggest jump in clarity is from when you go from G711 up to G722, and then you got a further improvement once you went from G722 all the way up to G7221C. The other thing that this clip, and the other clip that I'm going to play illustrates quite clearly is that one of the benefits of HD voice is that if you're trying to interpret or listen to somebody who doesn't speak your own language you get a much more clearer understanding when you've got that extra audio information to play with in your head. So I'm going to play another contrast example. The other thing that happens in this contrast example is that as you're going from left to right there's a screen graph that's giving you the amount of information being captured in Hertz as it rolls across. My name is Michael Edema from the Oscosia PBX project. We're currently developing an asterisk base firmware for low resource or embedded systems, and currently importing from FreeBSD to Linux onto two different CPU architectures. So I'm unfortunately unable to attend this year. We're just a little bit backed up. I also have a cold which you might be able to hear an exceptional quality right now. Have a great time at AstroCon. We're going to be there next year. Bye bye. So you kind of hear the difference between the two or the three different samples, but the benefits are there's two major benefits from moving from narrowband to HD voice that a lot of people have been hyping about. The first benefit is there's better compensation and better clarity. When you compress something down into narrowband that two point, that chunk of narrowband similar sounding words like sale and fail start to garble. If you get into a situation where you're rattling off a lot of acronyms like FCC, FTC, things like that those are notorious for getting garbled. You have to either spell them out or you have to repeat them. In addition to that, as you kind of got the impression from the clips, narrowband is a big headache when you're in a multilingual setting, when you're trying to talk to somebody else that doesn't speak your own language and vice-versa. The second thing with narrowband is reduction of fatigue and this is also called why conference calls suck. Is anybody like conference call here? Anybody would know. Nobody likes conference call. Well there's a reason for that and there's actually a physiological reason for that. That narrowband clipping that we've all taken for granted means that in the background your brain is playing fill in the blank as a background task in your head to fill in the information between what you're hearing in narrowband and what it should sound like in wideband and how it's sitting right next to you. The net net of this is the more audio data that you can deliver to the ear, the less your brain has to compensate and figure out what somebody else is saying. So this is the reason why you don't look forward to conference calls even though you don't realize it.   Delivering HD voice is more than just a codec. You need to have a codec that can capture the sound and you have to be able to have a software that moves that from point A to point B in terms of quality of service. You have to have the hardware that can actually capture that range of sound. A solid network. And then if you're also trying to do this on a large scale you have to have IP or SIP interoperability in order to move call from point A to point B. So in most cases doing HD voice is an all IP or SIP application for the networks of the future or anything when we're talking about broadband. Number one. Number two is that you do need more capable speakers and microphones on your phones because the audio PS can, you know, you just can't back fit that because again those parts are engineered to capture a narrow band. They're not engineered to capture a wide band sound. Again you need good quality of service. You need low latency in the network. Basically if you can't do all of VoIP in terms of quality you're not going to be able to do HD voice. And then finally for scaling I'm going to get a little bit more into this further down in the presentation. You need to have agreements to interact via SIP for seamless HD calling and then you also have a mechanism for transcoding. So I'm going to walk through this one by one. HD voice codecs.  The first codec that is the gold standard depending on how you feel is called G722. Basically it was developed in the 80s. The patents have expired on it. Now anybody can use it. Now everybody does use it if they're building IP phones these days. The next codec is called AMR Wideband or also G722.2. Now the cellular industry over in Europe wanted a codec based on their original AMR codec standards. Now the reason why they wanted AMR Wideband is that it was designed to conserve use as your radio frequency so you could basically put an HD call into about 24 kilobits a second versus the 64 kilobits a second you need with G722. The downside to AMR Wideband is that you need to pay voice age for Motorola and for Instaulcom and Ericsson for patent use if you actually put it into a handset. Right now AMR Wideband is currently exclusively in a cellular domain but some of the pat holders of AMR Wideband want to see that codec move into wire line. There's a big push on it. The third codec of note is called ISAC. ISAC was a codec that's been developed by Global IP Solutions or Gips. Now Google turned around and paid $68 million for Gips back in May. ISAC is licensed for practically nearly every software client on the planet to deliver voice including AOL, Yahoo, Nimbus, WebEx, Citrix Online, IBM's Lotus. The big question right now is if Google will take that ISAC codec and open source it or and or open source other codecs within the Gips family like Google has done with the video codecs that it's bought and as open sourced. Now finally kind of like the dark horse in this racist silk Skype wanted a super Wideband codec, something to brag about which had variable bit rate adoptability based upon the CPU you had and the network that you have. It's got a royalty free license and then it samples anywhere between 8 and 24 kilohertz and uses anywhere from 6 to 40 kilobits a second for bandwidth to deliver a call. Skype wanted something that could run on older computers as well as run on the latest and greatest computers and to run in a wide range of bandwidth availability. So to handle anything from dial up all the way up to the latest and greatest fiber connections. But everybody wants to do codecs so there's more codecs. Polycom has a whole host of codecs like the one that we heard G7 22.1, the Polycom Siren codec that's royalty free. You've got Frauthenheimer Audio Communications Engine or ACE the people who gave us MP3 are also pushing the AAC codec for delivering HD voice. But of course if you get it and implement it you have to pay royalties on it. SpeechX is an open source codec that's been floating around and people give lip service to that. And finally Broadcom has released a bunch of codecs for its chip set. This is significant because a lot of phones use the Broadcom parts. So why do people fight over codecs? Well, number one, developers, all programmers think they can write something better. If you look at it from a hardware perspective simpler is better. From a hardware perspective if you're building a phone or you're trying to do an implementation, the fewer codecs are better because you have less expense to test and verify and support codecs. So hardware guys, they want as few as codecs as possible. And on the device side, especially more with mobile devices, the less processing you do in the phone, the longer battery life that you get. The wireless crowd, they have a different view. The wireless crowd likes to lean on the device CPU in order to do data compression. So that includes things like MRI bin and so that's because the old Gordon, the wireless crowd believes that every little RF bandwidth is sacred. And you need to conserve bandwidth within licensed bands. The problem is that that statement goes out the door when you start talking about 3G networks and 4G networks where a 64K set up for a voice call is nothing. And still carriers say a straight...carriers and people pushing MRI bin say with a straight face that we need to conserve bandwidth all the while they're rolling out streaming video services and 2-way video services. It's like, give me a break. Finally, when you get to network core, the guys that are switching phone calls back and forth on the service providers you have more codecs, you have to do more transcoding. Again, it becomes a support issue.  In addition to that, service providers want to avoid transcoding because it does cost them money because either they have to buy bigger boxes to do to support more codecs for transcoding. And then the other concern is that you lose some HD voice goodness when you translate...you may lose some HD voice goodness when you translate between one HD voice codec into another HD voice codec. As a side note, the cable companies in France Telecom are embracing a standard called CatIQ, which doesn't have to do transcoding at all. There's some standards floating around that allow you to do an end-to-end call in G722 where both sides can even be on a wireless handset. So that's pretty cool. Several clients in hardware you know, again, if you have a soft client you download, there's plenty of them floating around that support G722 or they already have ISAC already built in. And then of course there's one big one, Skype, that already supports silk. Hardware-wise, if you buy an IP desktop handset today from any of the name manufacturers, and even from a lot of the no-name manufacturers from China and things like that, they've all got G722 built in as a support. For them it's a relatively cheap thing to throw in in terms of throwing the Kodak in. But the flip side of that is some of these guys advertising that they support HD voice may not have the good acoustics, that is the higher quality microphones and speakers in order to deliver that full experience of sound. Now on the mobile device side it's a little bit more interesting. You do need good acoustics. So you need a little bit better microphone or you need to but one of the other things that's happening is phone manufacturers are starting to stick in dual microphones into handsets so you can do things like echo cancellation or noise cancellation to get a clearer voice. So how do you get HD voice users to talk to other HD voice users? How do you get these guys to talk to the PSTN? After all the PSTN is not going away tomorrow. The simplest case is if you have the same Kodak type when you're trying to make a phone call. And if you're on the same LAN or network as many of you may find if you're at a higher if you're at a college or university or your business uses it if you're all on the same network you're all using the same Kodak you're all behind the same firewall. You can just call John over in the next office or you can call Bob upstairs and it just happens. The problem is when you start to move beyond the D mark in your firewall or the D mark where the security barrier is at a service provider and then after that things get to be a lot trickier because there has to be a more formalized negotiation for security reasons. Now for different Kodak types we also have to get into things like transcoding where you go from either HD voice to the PSTN and it's kind of accepted everybody realizes again the normal phone system isn't going to go away any time in the next decade so you need to be able to downshift from wide band down to narrow band that's easy enough to do. The thing that gets upset is that if you do have to touch the PSTN you lose all that goodness of the HD call in the first place because you're basically cutting out all that sound. Not really a net game there. Secondly and the thing that it's getting people to gnash their teeth a little bit more is when you have to translate between G722 to AMR wide band service providers get a little bit annoyed but not really because they accept the need to translate between HD codecs i.e. like G722 which is already there and AMR wide band on the mobile side. Now HD voice in the island problem if you want to scale up you need to be able to interconnect at the IP level via SIP to have a seamless end to end SIP call anywhere on the internet or anywhere on a broadband network. Now the thing is that service providers don't do SIP hearing, IP interconnection, federations, whatever you want to call it out of the box. Now why don't they do that?  Go back through DEF CON for the last five years and dig out everything that you know all the security headaches that you can find with VoIP and there's the argument. The second headache is an enum that is translating between the normal 10 digit phone system on the PSTN and mapping that to a phone call that gets to be a little bit of a headache. There's a quality of service issue because service provider A wants to make sure if they make a phone call service provider B. It goes through with high quality of service that has to be negotiated at a higher level and then finally there's an argument as well if I place a call this way who gets the money. Now as a result of that, of all the security issues involved, there are a lot of HD voice islands running around within enterprises as well as service providers. So the task of the day for HD voice to move forward is building HD voice bridges, building all these interconnects between everybody doing HD voice. There's three ways to do this. You can peer, you can have a direct relationship between a service provider and each service provider and build a trusted relationship where service provider A and service provider B can do that. Number two is you can interconnect or federate with a third party in a spoken network fashion with whoever your hub service is handling all that overhead of enum, SIP, the technical issues, some of the business issues and legal issues involved in terms of exchanging SIP. And then finally, the third solution that's just come out recently is you can buy a box from Cisco if you haven't had a Cisco product and you can interconnect automatically with the Cisco IME box. SIP federations, there are like two major players in the SIP federation club right now. Number one is a company called X Connect based over in London. They've been running an HD voice trial for IP interconnect basically since the April of this year. A trial is still going on. The problem that they seem to have is they haven't made a big value statement or a value proposition to a lot of folks as to why people should pay money to subscribe to their service. The problem right now is that there are a lot of little guys that can do HD calls but if I have to pay a couple thousand bucks a month for that service, that's a lot of money when I'm only going to have a low probability for an HD voice call to go from point A to point B cleanly. So there's a little bit of a chicken and egg problem there. The second guy, the second people that could do SIP interconnect if they woke up and do it is Sprint. Sprint's got the PIN network and that's not no Candice Bergen dropping a PIN that's the partner inter-exchange network. They built an architecture that can handle a full range of rich media SIP stuff. But right now the only service they're running over is Vinal Voip and part of the problem is right now they're in the mindset that they're treating us just like a regular voice call when they terminate calls so they want a price per minute on the call and they want termination fees and that doesn't really work in a Voip world where you know all you do is you plug in the gigi Ethernet and it just happens. Now the third thing the third way to do is Cisco's got a product out called the inter-company media engine. Has anybody heard of that? No? Okay. Cisco basically built this magic box to get around the issue of having to have service providers or large enterprises directly peer with each other. Basically there's an appliance that you plug in, you load into this appliance all your SIP devices that have phone numbers and that can be HD voice phones, regular IP phones, that could be the video, the QtC video phones, that can even be telepresence rooms, you load all the phone numbers into their magical box and you turn it on. And what the magical box does is talk to all the other IME box, well it talks to a, first of all it talks to a dynamic hash table and publishes all those phone numbers that have been entered into it into a large dynamic hash table that's capable of handling up to 10 billion entries, a lot of phone numbers. And then what happens is these boxes just sit there until somebody from another also that owns another Cisco IME box that you call each other and then with a regular phone call and after that first regular phone call they take the information from that regular PSTN based phone call and they, you know, like length of call you know, when it started, when it stopped and they treat that as a shared secret and then the two Cisco IMEs wake up and go why you have HD and yes I have HD and then they exchange security information and then subsequent calls after they exchange security information then the IMEs know that if this phone number is called I can just throw out that straight over to the internet and then subsequent calls after that get routed on a virtual SIP trunk that gets set up each time a phone call is made. And again, any calls made in that fashion can be anything from then I'll avoid HD voice, video or anything else that you can do that's SIP based. Now the IME engine is also interesting because if you look at all the standards that Cisco's proposed, some of those standards were written by a former Skype employee so you can see where that whole peer to peer architecture comes into play and why it comes into play. Realistically though the biggest headaches for HD bridges are layers eight and nine. Layer eight is money, layer nine is politics. In layer eight we need to start talking about money. You know, voice providers are used to terminating calls on a, they're used to getting paid for termination and on a permanent basis for long distance calls and whenever you start talking flat rate to your phone company they start to tilt a little bit.  Now service providers are reluctant to pay the upgrade for infrastructure that is pay for a Cisco IME box or pay for the overhead to negotiate peer to peer exchanges with other service providers because it's currently a very small universe of phones that make HD calls but that number is growing every day. And then interesting though Verizon Business has decided to pride free subcalling and it's viper service to its customers. Now layer nine politics, there's a lot of jockeying going on by smaller players that want to get together in peer and so they can build up their own big universes to exchange avoid calls directly bypassing the PSTN and yes directly bypassing the old style termination permanent charges. The larger players are moving slower to IP interconnect. It's on their radar but you know it's not on their list of things to do because once they implement that regime then that starts cutting into the bottom line that they're making from settlement and termination. You'll probably will see the cable company start to do IP interconnections next year so they can exchange avoid calls. Applications that love HD voice conferencing is a killer app. Again there's clarity, there's less stress, you'll get enough voices, accents are much less a barrier. When you get into multinational conversations it's a bonus dollars because again with non-native speakers of different languages you can better understand what somebody's saying and you can better understand what's being said when you start to throw accents in. And third the other application that loves HD voice is transcriptions when you go for things from like voice to email. If you're using computer based or human based things to do transcription HD voice gives you it's easier process, there's less errors so HD is a big win there. Applications that should love HD voice is anything to do with processing voice like IVR services and stuff like that. The young and old, if you've ever made a phone call to anybody under the age of three and you just hear the squeaky little voice on the other end and you go let me talk to your mommy and then okay what did she say again? The problem is that narrowband you can't understand what kids stand narrowband because they have that higher pitched voice and then you know if they're speaking and all their energy is up here I mean narrowband is down here you don't understand what they're saying. And again if you're older HD voice adds in that extra information so you can understand what they're saying better. Public Security National Defense there's been an argument that if HD voice is implemented you get better 911 calling rather than trying to figure out what somebody's saying in a panicked voice a high pitched voice and there's also been some suggestion that if you put in HD there's better translation and understanding of intercepts yes this is one area where we do want the enemy to have the latest and greatest technology so we can understand them better. Who is doing HD voice? Well there's a lot of people and a lot of players on the service provider side you have major telecom carriers, the mobile carriers, cables and MSOs are doing some work, hosted VoIP guys and even smaller consumer plays and then we'll get into by region. Major telecom carriers for broadband HD voice solutions in broadband France telecom is the loudest guy they've got half a million points turned up as HD voice right now. Verizon's got about 5,000 end points internally and then Verizon business is going to start supporting HD voice through their VoIP enterprise exchange service by the end of this year. Basically they're testing it out now they probably have some guinea pigs and a couple of their favorite customers already. BT, the BT Hub service is a G722 service. Does anybody have a BT Hub? No.  Telstra has a hosted HD voice service for businesses down under. In addition to that, Telstra has up to 11,000 end points using HD voice internally. They're probably at one point they were the biggest single carrier using HD voice that's probably starting to shift a little bit as Verizon and other folks get traction. Global Crossing as I mentioned before they're doing some stuff in HD voice for their high end customers. Now there are other carriers that have been rumored to do HD voice on the broadband side Telecom Italia, some of the Nordic telecoms. In addition to that there's been a rumor that I haven't been able to confirm that AT&T is running HD voice trials down in San Antonio in their home headquarters but AT&T isn't commenting and I can't find anybody who's got a phone in their house down there. Can't find a friend down in San Antonio basically. Mobile Cellular for HD voice what's happening is the positioning is if you're running a 3G plus service or running Volga voice over LTE or 4G these are all going to be drivers for HD voice higher quality voice services. There's kind of a recognition among the cellular carriers that voice quality among the cellular carriers suck. France Telecom in their orange brand has been very aggressive in pushing HD voice. They've already rolled out service in Moldova and Armenia France is supposed to be done by the end of July that is now they've been doing trials in the UK for HD voice and the rollout is expected later this summer and in addition to that FT has also said that they're going to turn up HD voice mobile service in Belgium, Luxembourg and Spain by the end of this year and then you can throw in Tunisia on that as well. Why Tunisia? Well the pattern is that France Telecom spends a lot of money deploying what they call these 3G networks or advanced mobile networks out there and basically again Moldova, Armenia Tunisia they're all Greenfield builds. There's no legacy equipment in there France Telecom just rolls out the latest and greatest equipment in there the most modern switches. Once they turn up all that stuff all you need to do is have an HD phone and have a mobile handset that supports HD in that network and you've got HD basically for the cost of turning up the network. So in Tunisia they've, Orange, France Telecom has invested up to half a billion euros to build out this 3G plus network so if you're going to build a network with that expensive it goes to assume that they're going to stick HD on it. SFR is testing in France now and they expect to shoot HP shortly. 3UK has demoed HD voice and then DeWish Telecom has trialed HD voice on LTE they did it sometime in the past two years. They haven't put their cards on the table yet but it's pretty sure that when the time comes probably when they're more phone mobile handsets in the pipeline they'll probably turn up HD voice somewhere or other. Cables at MSO as you know I hate to quote Battlestar to go to Platica while the Cylons have a plan. Well Cable has a plan and Cable's plan is basically they've issued multiple standards relating to HD voice to implement it. They've issued both an IP interconnect standard and a decad IQ standard where you can do end to end calls between point A and point B for HD voice. In addition to that Cable vision kind of like the bleeding edge guys in Cable they've got a hosted HD voice service turned up now. Cox all they'll say is they're looking at turning up HD voice in 2011. Comcast their CTO has basically dropped that said that as the company moves to HD voice when they start moving phone calls off the regular phone system they're going to turn up HD but then when any follow-ups Comcast are like well we're not going to comment at this time. So they were doing real assables about it. I mean basically their CTO's talked about it but they're not going to put a timetable there. And then Time Warner Cable is tested HD voice in their labs and then every time they try to pin them down on deployment date they go well you know within five years but they want they just don't want to put their cards on the table. And for all the Cable companies they want all of them to see money out of the enterprise. It's kind of like maxed out residential or they milk the residential. So they see HD and also just businesses making money out of businesses so they want to do so as they deploy SIP trunking and more hosted services for businesses you're going to see HD roll out as a part of that package. Business voice providers. There's a lot of independent hosted providers in North America they've been doing HD voice for a couple of years just to differentiate themselves against the the Verizon's and the AT&T's of the world. 8x8 you'll find them in Staples. You can walk into Staples and buy an 8x8 phone and service. They're the biggest guys in North America doing HD right now. They've got extra phones, IP phones. Right now they've got between 130,000 and 140,000 endpoints deployed you know by the end of June. They're numerous little guys with anywhere from 2,500 to 7,500 endpoints doing HD around the country and then there's also been a lot of talk and I think some of it's just smack talk among the smaller guys for basically getting together and curing all their IP phone numbers to deliver HD voice and other services. There was last fall there was an IP peering alliance press release about how a group of bold and brave you know independent voice providers would all get together and the one press release came and they haven't done DIC. And then this later, earlier this spring then there was an announcement from a cloud communications alliance which seems to be a more formal group of the IP peering people. They've said well we're all going to get together and we're going to do all these wonderful things and then we're going to build this whole huge HD voice, you know, Inter-Tect and you haven't heard anything out of them since. So digging through a little bit more half the guys that are in the X-Connect trial belong to the IP peering alliance and they've also tried to do some interconnections with Brotsoft. Independent consumer plays there's a couple people that are doing HD voice in the consumer world. UMA you've probably heard the UMA commercials. The UMA second generation tele-hardware both supports G722 as well as the cat IQ wireless HD voice standard. In the fourth quarter of 2009 UMA shipped 25,000 units. You do the math conservatively. UMA could ship up to have deployed up to 125,000 units doing HD voice by the end of 2010. But it was very, very raw HD voice initially this year. Earlier in the spring they took a left turn and they started talking about great voice quality, you know, narrow band and it's just like guys. Now the guys that did the Ojo phone world gate they also come out with a second generation video phone and they've got this two year 300,000 unit deal to ship video phones to ACN and it supports both HD voice, you know, video but it also supports G722. HD voice by region. As noted Europe led by France Telecom. You're starting to see a lot of movement there. Asia, Austria, Australia and Telstra are offering hosted service right now. Korea and Japan are offering HD voice services but it's hard to tell what once you translate stuff through Google. And then again in North America you've got a lot of stuff going on under the radar. And then finally, Africa and South America, if you're talking about Greenfield rollouts of 3G, 4G networks, they're going to have good potential to have HD voice just tag along. Drivers for the HD voice today, I'll flip through this real quick. Service providers like HD because there's an attraction there. France Telecom, their orange service is like experience and motion and it also allows them to showcase the latest and greatest technology that they've got. They're also thinking that they've got a better quality product that keeps people from switching to another service. France Telecom is not charging extra for broadband HD. Now the big question for service providers, well how do we make money on HD? Nobody knows. There's one possibility is that in a prepaid versus postpaid world, in a prepaid world, you might just get a PSTN quality voice. In a postpaid world, that is where you hand larger checks to the phone company on a regular basis, HD voice might be the quality of service. HD voice is something you might have to pay for and sign up for on a regular contract, but nobody knows. Again, conferencing HD voice is killer app because you get clear information. It's less stressful. Multinational, again, I'll flip through this. Don't care about UC. There are a lot of people on higher ed like to play with cool toys, so you're starting to see large deployments of HD in places like Penn State and Texas Tech. Who accompanies in the HD ecosystem? Again, you've got people like, yeah, I'm pleading. You've got BT Cablevision, France Telecom, Verizon Business CPA. All the IP desks at handset manufacturers do HD voice today. With mobile handset manufacturers like Nokia and Sony Ericsson are supporting HD voice on a France Telecom's network today. All the other phone manufacturers are in the pipeline to support HD voice. LG is probably one of them. Basically, if you went to France Telecom's website and looked at all the vendors supplying them phones today, they're probably going to be supporting HD voice by the end of 2011 because France Telecom, they want HD and all their phones by the end of 2011. You have people like Cisco, Dialogic Ericsson supporting HD at the network core as well. Okay, so how does this all roll out around the world? Macro picture of HD voice today. There's a lot of technology. Technology is out there in abundance. We don't have to reinvent the wheel. It's already out there. And as I noted before, there's a lot of HD islands out there at enterprises and smaller service providers and soon larger service providers are going to get turned on to HD like Verizon Business is turning on their service. There's a lot of HD islands out there. So in the near term, IP interconnect is coming. The hurdle is getting passed again. Layers 8 and 9, the money into the politics issues, people need to figure out how they're going to make money or how they're going to save money doing HD. Number one, number two, they need to get past the politics of, well, how do I screw Bob or, you know, I can connect to Bob and it's not going to hurt me if they have to get through that mindset. Longer term, you'll hear about Super Wideband coming along as a Kodak or CP upgrade. And the reason why is, well, the question in my mind is are people going to push for Super Wideband or not?  We've sat around since 1937 with narrowband voice and we're just getting around to upgrading to HD. Super Wideband may take this another 20 years. It may not. Because upgrading to Super Wideband is just a Kodak and an end user hardware. So you look overseas, mobile HD voice is going to happen faster.  Japan's slightly faster in the US a little bit more. But it's an arms race. These guys make money off of selling handsets. So plug in an HD, plug it into mics that's the latest and greatest stuff. So the more features that they can add and the more that faster processors help them, the more they can do HD. Broadband, the most interesting part about talking about Broadband is that for Ryzen it basically is going to boil down to Ryzen versus AT&T who blinks first. Cable companies are on their little path to have HD voice generally available both for businesses and probably residences in the 2011-2012 time frame. And the general consensus is that once one large carrier is a Comcast or Time Warner does it, everybody else is going to have to have it because they have to be like the Joneses. Okay, so for more HD voice information you can visit the website, find the presentation on there on WWHD voice news, and then there's some other resources as well floating around. But contact me but anybody got any questions? Yeah. You know the USO companies are just so hard to figure out. I would say that as soon as they figure out how to do VoIP over LTE HD will come shortly after because then it's just a codec thing. There's all this gnashing about Volga doing voice over LTE and they just establish those standards. I'd say probably no earlier than 2011, it will be 2011-2012 but basically if you're going to do VoIP from a purist standpoint, from a supported standpoint if you're going to do VoIP, then you might as well do HD.  If I've got a 3G or 4G phone, like an Android phone, then I can load in something like CipDroid or CipClient and then you and I could just talk. But from a GA perspective, generally available perspective, it's probably like late 2011-2012. Well everybody wants to move to do Cip peering. Well it's complicated. The cable industry in general is starting to move to more federated model and using all Cip. Right now they just exchange calls and they do settlements. But that gets to even more and more problematic because everybody's got a flat rate plan these days. Unless you're doing on a prepay basis. Other questions? Well have a good one. I'm getting off the stage. Thank you very much.


Hello, people of the internet. My name is Johnny and welcome back to Afton's Revenge. We still have the alleyway and Sokka's Baby's rentals to look at. So up here I formed Remnant like crazy, just playing the Balloon Boy Brawl minigame, which fun fact, I don't know if this is a glitch or not, but you don't need the weapon to kill Balloon Boy. I'm gonna hop in quickly, also P, to turn off the static. That is going to help out the series a lot. So like, if I went up to this Balloon Boy right here, you don't need the axe to kill them. I just, I thought that was kind of odd, but hey, it helped with getting Remnant a lot faster. So now, go to Extra's Workshop. We should be able to upgrade, upgrade, upgrade. Can I upgrade again? Nope, okay, so the max level is five. So now, our speed should be max, hopefully. Also, the lightsaber and the chainsaw, I'm gonna check those out in today's video, so we're gonna equip the lightsaber. And we're going to hop, actually, I was told to hop into the forest, because apparently there's an easter egg that I gotta find. And I have a feeling I know what it is. Oh, wow. Oh, so does the stamina go up faster? I think it does. Oh, wow, that's actually really helpful. And maybe I'll move a little bit faster. So I think it's this one going to, yeah. That's what I'm talking about. Oh, that's great. Thanks, Grebi. Real nice. Link to Grebi's channel, by the way, in the description. I forgot to plug it, but he does have a channel. Great content, really funny videos. I really enjoy them. So here's the lightsaber, actually. I wasn't meaning to play this level, but I do want to see what the lightsaber is like. Can I, uh, bear it? Oh, oh God. Oh, I can't really see anything anymore for some reason.  What's going on, Freddy? Come here, Bonnie, come here. Okay. Oh, that's not good. And that's not good. That's not good. Why is the lightsaber pointy? Why does it have a tip? I don't think lightsabers have a, like a point, like a tip, I don't know. Also, ooh, we got to find the, um, the archives. They're like little computers. I didn't know that in the last video, but there's, um, like little computers that you have to find that have, I think they have lower. I haven't listened to any of them, but I know they're in the game. Actually, I think there's one in Fredbear's Family Diner. Somewhere in here. I think it's near the stage. I'm gonna see if I can find it quickly. Hold on. Uh-oh, that's awkward. Oh God. Okay, so, uh, that's not good. Oh, I think I have to go all the way around. I think it's in that room. Oh, I, oh, I can't get up here. Excuse me, guys.  I think it's out over here. Oh, the lightsaber's here. Yes, yes, yes. Here it is. How do I, how do I get it? How do I, ooh, new article. Okay, so we gotta check that out. That's actually all I wanted. So, extras, archives. Archive one, archive two. Oh my God. What is this? Intercepted message. May 28th, 2019. Conversation from Ness. Ness from, like, FNAF AR. Is it done not yet? I need more time. I need more of them. Visit these coordinates. You will find them there, as you wish. I hid them in a place he would not know to check. A box of secrets. A box of sins. That is where you will retrieve them. Yes, this conversation must be discontinued. We have been detected. I will wipe memory from here, but the data cannot be found. What? So someone, okay, so we're missing article one. I don't know where that one is. This is the only article I know of. Hmm, a bit of lore right here. I don't know what they're talking about. I also don't know where these coordinates go to. Um, I don't know. Put them into Google Earth, see if you can find anything. Anyways, alleyways. So I'm pretty sure these have the Rockstar characters? Or the Scrap characters? I don't actually know. We should still be playing with the lightsaber. Let's see. What's this? Oh, the ball pit. Ball pit? Yeah, so the Rockstar was nice, nice, nice. So where are they? I'm guessing lefty is the bad guy. Oh, hey! Ooh, that sound. Why did it, why did he look boned? Did he just come out of the fire? Oh, nothing. Playground, that's nice. Other references to pizza sim, I like that. I really do like that. This is going to be a giant labyrinth. Hello! I really like their sound. Is this it down here? Lightsaber? I don't think it is. This is foxy, hey man. Oh, that's lefty. Oh god, oh no, oh no. Okay, so don't go that way. That's a bad way to go, hey. Hey, what about down here? Is it light? Usually the weapon has a light on it. Um, but nope. I hear lefty. Oh. That might be it down there. Oh, but he's down there. Oh, and he's down there. Oh no. I hear something burning. Is that the building? That would be so cool actually. Can I have one foxy right there? Oh, here's some speed. Hello, Gigo. Okay, so there's a furnace for some reason. Okay, let's grab this and let's find the lightsaber. Where is it? Um, here it is. Here it is. Pick it up, pick it up. Come on. And I just lost my speed. Oh, he's probably down there. Hello, hello. Got him. Her. Not bad. Okay, so that's one out of four. Oh, bunny. Bunny, bunny, bunny, bunny, come here buddy. God shot him. The upgrade is actually really helpful. I think. I honestly don't really know. Yeah, no. Keep running towards me. That's great. I think the boy refills faster. But I really don't know. Okay, so where is foxy? He's the last guy. Just don't run to the lefty. Or else we will literally lose this. Okay, so, oh god. Well, that's not what you want to see. Is he coming? Nope, he's leaving. Invisibility. That's good. Hello. Alright, don't hit him. Don't hit him. Nice. Alright. Sneak past him. And keep running out this way. Nice. Got my revenge. We nailed it. So now, Sokka's baby's rental. Here we go. Pete. Oh, oh wow. So this is the elevator. Okay, okay. The fan from F6. I always love how the fan never moves. It's kind of just stationary. Alright, I guess you could say it's static. So I'm pretty sure they can attack you. I think I read this on the page, the game drill page.  Uh oh. So yeah, we better find the lightsaber. Oh, we should have played with the chainsaw. Well, we're probably gonna die, so. Gotta find it first. Hello, hello, hello.  And I'm dead. Alright, so now we are looking for the chainsaw. Oh, here's some speed. Where is, can I find the chainsaw first? Wait, is this something? Oh, it's another article. Nice. Okay, we gotta read that. So I guess we'll grab this, try and find the chainsaw as fast as we can. Oh god, oh god. Okay, okay. People are down there. People are down there. That's Toy Freddy. I mean, Frontime Freddy. And he's gonna get me. Oh my god. He's running after me with Bon Bon. Oh, he lost me. No, he lost me. Damn it. Find it, find it, find it. Yeah, he lost me for a moment. So it's possible to lose them. Oh god. Oh god, oh god, that's a lot. Where could the chainsaw be? There's a lot of rooms down here. I feel like it's a good place. Oh, well that's awkward. I feel like it's gonna be down there. Uh oh. She went back. The door is stuck. Oh my god. No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no. Oh Jesus Christ, she crawls. Oh my god. Wow. Okay. I can't find it at all. It's nowhere to be seen. It's probably all the way down there. I don't know how I can get there though. Oh, I got it, I got it, I got it. Pick it up, pick it up, come on. They're right out here. Got a baby. Where'd their endo go? Uh, what? Sure, you know what, whatever. Okay, so we have the chainsaw. Now all we have to do... What is this? All we have to do is find them. Okay, so here's Freddy. Do they run away now? Yes they do. Alright, that's interesting. Come here, Freddy. Come here. Come. He didn't even see me and he still ran. That's great. Hello. Does their endo disappear? Oh no, I literally threw it. I threw it. Alright, that's cool. I think it's the FNAF 2 endo, which doesn't make sense. But then again, you know, the fun time characters. Not the easiest endoskeleton to model. Anyways, we did it. It's my happiest day. If I... oh wait, oh wait, the article. So this is a diary.  So this is a diary. Do you have a diary? I am oh, so very excited for this week. Mikey has been feeling down, which I can't understand. Ooh, Mikey? Is this Elizabeth? It was always excited about daddy's new pizza place. And we used to be close. Uh, mom, oh wait. Yeah, I think it is Elizabeth. Mom says he needs some time alone, which I don't understand because if anything, I think he needs someone to comfort him. I hope he gets well, but mom says to not let it spoil things as I will get to her... as I will get to go with her to daddy's new pizza place. That is why I'm excited to finally meet her. So she's meeting her mom? Daddy wouldn't let me go near her. But she's so pretty and shiny. No, she's meeting baby. I imagine we would talk and dance and play. Okay, I think for one study is wrong, which is why I'm going to meet her. Okay, so this is Elizabeth talking about how she wants to see baby. I don't know why Mikey is feeling down, because unless this has different lore, this is before he gets scooped. So we're missing one article, which actually, I kind of want to find it. We've seen these. Yep, we have. Um, we've done the minigames. We haven't seen the museum. Well, I have. I cut it out of the first episode because I didn't want spoilers, but yeah. I didn't know he talked in the museum. Yeah, these guys look a little strange. Especially Chigo, because her body is furry, but her head is not. Yeah, so here's all of these guys. That's great. That's how I knew it was the rock stars. Sister location, they look good. All these guys, baby over there. And uh... Oh, no. So I want to find the archives. I have no clue where they could be. Um, but now that we know what they look like, hopefully we can find them. And Golden Freddy's out that way. That's great.  I should have guessed he was going to be on some sort of map. Hello. You haven't happened to see a computer. Nope, okay. Speed! Looking for some computers. I don't know, maybe they're only in the, uh, adjustable levels. That honestly would make a little bit of sense. Ooh, you know where it might be? Uh, the basement. It might be with the, uh, like the puppet place. I forget where that is, but... There was a place that had the puppet with it. Like the mask. It's gotta be in there, right? Morning. Yes, yes, yes, I knew it, I knew it. Alright, where is it? Okay, everyone. New Harmony Herald. August 8th, 1979. Welcome to the New Harmony Herald.  Hey! Find out about open job positions, new restaurants, and follow the latest trends all here in this column. This week, we are seeing lots of changes going on in their area lately. Everyone's favorite Italian restaurant, Sochi's Sausages? Is seeing closure due to a recent health code violation that would make anyone stay away from it now. Okay, sure. However, a new business is entering the former Sochi, a service rent under the title of Fred Bear's Family Diner. An entertainment-based diner for children and adults, featuring fully functional animatronic mascots using never-before-seen technology. Family run by the kind Emily's, who are dear friends of mine. Further data cannot be found. Okay, so it's run by the Emily family, so like Charlotte, Henry, all those guys. Interest. Interesting. So I'm pretty sure we've covered everything. We've done all the levels. We've fully upgraded this guy. We've checked out all the weapons. We've done the minigames. Yeah, I think that's it. Great. Great. Very nice game. This was very nice. It was great. Honestly, I really enjoyed this game. I'm glad that we got all the secrets too. That really adds to the satisfaction with these play foods. Yeah, this was really great. I'm pretty sure this is in the fan game at Freddit's Game Jam, which, Rebi, I wish you the best of luck winning because honestly, this is a really solid fan game. I really enjoy it. I think it has a really strong chance of winning. So thanks for watching. I'll see you all on the flip side. Goodbye.


Rhaid i chi? Rhaid i chi ddim yn y fara fwy o'r pwysig? Rhaid i chi'n syniad y cwmysgol, yn ffwrdd hyn. Rhyw bach am ddweud, hwnna'n cael cyfnod o'i amserau o'ch pwysig y mynd yn ymwybodol. Rhaid i chi'n llwy, ac yn dweud o'ch ni'n dweud o'r ddweud. Rhaid i chi? Mae'n ddweud. Rhaid i chi'n gweithio? Rhaid i chi'n gweithio rhoi'r mylwyr gwirioneddol? Mae'r perthynau a'r perthynau sy'n ei fyddio. Mae'r perthynau, mae'n meddwl i ni, mae'n meddwl i ni, mae'n meddwl i ni. Efallai yw chweithiau. Rydyn ni'n meddwl y同 yr Nelsym? rydym ni yw rwy'r gweithiau'n Nelsym? Mae'r gweithio'n meddwl. Mae'r gweithio yw'r gweithio'n meddwl i ni. So, Mae'r gweithio'n meddwl i ni, er mwyn yn references. Mae'r bobl yn iawn yn nodi'n meddwl i chi. yw helytadverse. Dyna hwn yn bach i'w fwyaf y gwir o'r cyntaf. Mae hyn yw, yn dweud, ond mae y de invitingchau yn gweithio'r gwir o'r cyntaf. Rwy'n dweud sut mae'n gweithio'r ysgog, ac mae'n gweithio'r cysylltu'r hwn wylch maeth, nid yw un csill yn adrybu am y pwng Gzanadu o'r G deduction. A'r G�in o'r Gwll Gwll Gacă, mae'n gweithio'r Gwll Gwll Gwll Gwll Gwll Gwll Gwll Gwll Gwll Gwll yn dweud yn dweud, Ysrhaith yw'r ffordd o'r ffordd, i'w ddifudio, sy'n gwneud y llefydd yn ysgolion ar y tynbeth, yn ddifudio y ffordd, oherwydd mae'n ddifudio'n ddifudio'n ddifudio'n ddifudio. Mae'n ddifudio ar yr ymgyrch yn cael y pr�u rydyn ni'n gallu'n meddwl yn ysgolion. Yr hyn yn ei wneud y pethau. Cywethaf y mleidio. Gofyn y cyfnod Cellbe, byddwn yn credu ar gyfer'i normid yr uwch, ond... mae'r cyfeigeid i ddefnyddioikeu am d laut. Maen nhw'n mynd i'w ceisgo, mae'n mynd fydd yn cael cyfrydd. Mae'r grannol, neu mae'r rhaid am y tro yw cynnod. Mae'r cyfeigeid i fyf yn cael, mae'r grannol yn cyhoedd gyda'r rhaid i fyf yn cael fydden nherwch am glunawd. Mae'r grannol yn cael. Mae'r grannol yn cyhoedd, Mae'r ffaith gynnig yn ei fod. Mae yna ydych chi yn gweithio? Mae'r ei wneud y papur ac ond yn inaccurate ar y mynd. Mae'n edrych yn ni. That news and everything else. Most of the news is not quite right. It might not be wrong directly. But maybe not as you've expected to be. So, this is something you really need to think of in user experience. If you don't think about it in user experience, ..dyn nhw'n edrych yn ddigonio, fel y cyfgweithwyr wedi ei gweithio, .. ..y'r cyffredinol sy'n meddwl. Ac ydych yn ddigonio'r gweithwyr? A'r cyffredinol yn ddigonio'r gweithwyr? On yn ddigonio'r gweithwyr? Rydyn ni'n ei ddim yn ei ddweud? Rydyn ni'n ei ddweud? Rydyn ni'n ei ddweud?  ddorosod o'i hwn i'r oed i ddarparu gael. Yn y ddod, mae'r sefydliad eich ysgol rywethef yn eu gallu'r ysgol, yn ei ddweud i'r ysgol, gof先 yn 50% o flynyddiad gyda'r eisteddf y byddwyd o hyn yn y dyfodol yn amgyrch chi'n gof, ydych chi'n gof yn 50% o frygu sy'n gof, mae 400 ysgol yn fwy o'i ddweud natïdedd. If you need five times the users to be able to get all of the 80% for each task that you need to execute. But because people want to believe that they can do an usability system for five users and they'll get proper results, get results that mean something to people, everybody wants to quote it because it's cheaper. So yeah, we can do it with five users. The reality is that you can't and the empirical evidence is on this chart to the right hand side. So this is what it's done by a programmer. Now, while I'm talking, I'm going to just point you to page 57. So if you look on page 77, there's two references. One to Noreport and the other one to Llewson. And their references are put in the text. Swap those references to type them. So Noreport and there should be reference to three. And Llewson should be reference to two. OK? OK, so Noreport mwad i'r hwnnw'r werth, i'w metr-analysed a number of usability studies. She found that when you look at the number of errors that's picked up in these usability systems even for one set of tasks, you can't do it. You just can't do it. So here you can see a set of five users. You get a number of 55% because these are very finding part of all the usability errors. Then, if we increase it to ten, well, it's about 80. OK, but still not brilliant.  OK? And that's a problem. I mean, there have been no, in statistical analysis, there have been no statistical significance there. Now, 15, better, set of 15 users, much better, set of 20 users, better still. OK? Here, there's far more recall than there is precision. Here, you've got good recall and precision. OK? Reasonable. This is far superior between the bottom two. But this is still early. 15 users on one definite task, not an entire application. Yeah? So that's an error. But the usability community keep liking these five users.  OK? The moon orbits the earth. Everybody knows that, actually. The moon orbits the earth, doesn't it? Any ideas? Why that might not be right? Does the moon really orbit the earth? It just spins? No, it does orbit. Yes. It orbits the centre of gravity of the earth. Absolutely right. Yes. So the moon orbits the centre of gravity of the two, which is very, very simple. It's not exactly the centre of the earth. OK? So we all think the moon orbits the centre of gravity, the combined centre of gravity of both. Yeah? That's something that we need to tell my man. Put tonight and say, oh, I'm going to see you next week. We're going to get a beer down here. Yes? If we're going to go to that, doesn't it also orbit the combined centre of gravity of the moon and the earth and the sun? Yes. Yeah? I mean, the centre of gravity of the two, which is very, very similar to the centre of the earth, I mean, there's a certain level of... The thing with all of this stuff is that you can... The problem arises when the level of detail has been abstracted away. The such that fact becomes only that. OK? If we still have that level of detail in there, that's right. So you're right.  The entire universe has an interplay. OK. Next one. Blind people can't see. Obviously. Is that obvious? Can blind people see? Or not? Depends on the level of blindness. Depends on the level of blindness. Good, good, yeah. And also, you said that once in the city, but is it kind of seeing a sort of having a view of space around them? Persection, yeah, perception of the space around them, yeah, that's one thing. Anybody else? OK, well you're right. There are levels. Actually, blindness isn't a definitive term directly. So, blindness, say, for world health organisations, is the ability to see things at three feet. OK? Now, therefore, you're technically blind. Profoundly blind people, people who can't see anything, only represent 4% of the total population of blind people. OK? So, 96% of blind people can see this. It may be very blurry, but it is very blurry, and it is shadows. There might be colours that they can see, that people are blind and see. There's very few people who are profoundly blind. So, when you're building something, you need maybe to take that into account in your interface with the other design. Do you not? Maybe that you want to make sure that the screen can be magnified very large and it still maintains its cohesion. Maybe you want to make sure that maybe you can communicate by some kind of different kinds of colours. OK, as well. So that colour changes are very perceived by people who are blind. OK? So, if you need to be proud, you should enjoy creating interfaces too. One, you can't see. Got some on those. All brands have the same organisation. OK? So, all of our brands are the same. We've got the visual cortex, the auditory cortex. So, we're building all that kind of stuff. It's all there.  You look like a Renaissance man. You know what I mean? Well, the brains don't produce the colours that are all the same. They're all the same. The little effects can be the same for us. OK? So, that's a good... I like that level of detail. Excellent. Anymore than that. So, say, what did you call it? Yes. Well, I read a story and it was a bit of a hard truth. Someone had been... there was no between the atmosphere from one atmosphere to the other end. So, one of the atmosphere affected the value. Yeah. And the one atmosphere added to the function of the opposite value. Yes. Yes. That's right. That's right. OK. So, the brain is super adaptive. OK. Especially up to the age of 21, this thing that you're talking about is called neuroplasticity. OK. And so, neuroplasticity is something whereby our brains are able to re-purpose aspects which aren't used. So, for instance, for people who are profoundly blind, say, and they're going profoundly blind before the age of 21, then their brains, the vision of the brain, their brains, the visual cortex is your purpose for auditory and tactile often. OK. So, there's no more auditory cortex left. It's just looking at the tactile and it's looking at auditory, specifically auditory and tactile. OK. Sometimes it gives you an enhanced memory. Other aspects are still there. So, certainly within memory, other aspects are still there. So, for instance, you are told to cosurise and visualise something. Areas of the visual cortex will light up, even though you're not using vision, when you look at this in X-cams. OK. So, all of this kind of stuff means that we've milked in for lots of people, think, and I'm going to see what you've got to think for slightly different ones. Brains have the same organisation, auditory cortex cos your cortex, all that kind of stuff. But they don't. Vision is power, hearing is secret. OK. Who believes that to be the case? Nobody believes it to be the case. You're all gods and people, what do I say? In what way do you want to stage it? So, for instance, can we hear... OK. So, let's say we get beyond this point, whereby we think of sound wave and why we've combined two sound waves and they come out to... kind of thing. You've got this pretty transformant shot. So, yeah. Forget about the sound wave actually going into your ear. But once it gets into your ear, is it a serial? Is it serial or is it parallel? Most people, as far as the people that most people believe it's serial, whereas vision, it's parallel, because we can see lots of things all at the same time. No? I was talking about, like, how you can focus on what you want to hear. That's one point. Yeah, any more? So, the thing is that hearing is not serial and the reason why it's not serial is because the cochlear has the thing called the basal membrane and the basal membrane is like a graphic equaliser with a different neuron for each different sound, OK, frequency. And those all react together to any particular sound. So, they send a parallel sound signal up the neuron through what's called the audit which joins the left and right end spheres and then into the auditory cortex. And the auditory cortex processes in parallel, you think, in parallel, different frequencies of sound. What are we going to do? So, that's why you might be able to hear things in sec. It's a famous thing called the cocktail party problem, which is by Malcolm Chow in the 1950s where he's interested in understanding the different ways that we can actually interact with cocktail parties and how the sound works. So, obviously, we can hear multiple things going on at the same time. OK. But if you ask most people, go out in the street, that's no problem. Ah, now, here's your... I want you to think I've never seen this before. Can't be number of times. OK.  Anybody else? Anybody else know the answer to this? If you know the answer, don't look or don't shout it out. This is a test of selective attention. Count how many times you're going to learn what passed the basketball. How many passes did you count? So, how many passes did you count? 15. 15 passes. OK. Did you all count those passes? And everybody, and what else did everybody see? Ben. Er? Gorilla. Gorilla. OK. 15 passes. But did you see the gorilla? So, this gorilla where you see it, 80% of the population do not see the gorilla. OK. So, 80% of the population don't see the gorilla. There's a number of other ones where they move, where the gorilla is moving, walking, and they're doing... OK. So, the thing with this is that most people don't actually see that. You know, the vast majority don't see the gorilla. Because they're so bothered with their selective and directed attention on one thing, their focus is on one thing. That's something we also have to be wary of. When we're asking people to do something and their focus becomes changed to that particular thing, focused on that particular thing we're asking them to do, then we start to miss lots of other stuff. And that means we don't have something called situational awareness. The situational awareness is important to the usability to understand where we are and how we can get from the next place. It's also very useful in... I mean, it's big in flight decks, flight control systems, pilots, that kind of thing. The situational awareness is really important. OK. So, the upshot of this is to think of these simple things to be curious, to be critical. Now, Coca-Cola were investigated, invested loads of money, loads of money in changing their coke, their brand of coke. They wanted the new cool brand of coke used with, you know, created the values we were looking at back in school, back in school. OK. It's a whole new recipe for coke. And they went out to do consumer tests through this coke, and hardly anybody booked it when they released it. Everybody said they loved it. Everybody said it was brilliant, the best in the coke there could be, and nobody liked it. In fact, people in America, certainly on the West Coast, used to take a truck down to Mexico where they still have the old coke and buy a truck of old coke from Mexico to really, I'm better than those but who's coke's coke's? What's that called? No, that was, it was coke covered, it's just made differently. It wasn't the air. Wasn't that it? Wasn't the coke covered? No. It's what you said in Mexico. That's it. Um... It's not the air. It's not the air. It's not the air. It's not the air. It's not the air. It's the computer scientist, I'm sure it do. It's not the air. Anyway, hardly anybody booked the new coke. So, why is that? What's the reason for that? Yes. So, because you're not a nice person? What's the reason for that? Well, I'm not smooth on the terms, but I'm a person who really likes what I'm doing. I'm a person who likes what I'm doing. I'm not a person who likes what I'm doing. I'm not a person that's bloodshot on the screen because it's not ..y'r cyfondi dda wedi bod arall, mae'r cyfondi arall a'r cyfondi, ychydig yn ei wneud hyn. A dwi'n ddim. Yn ni'n golygu y cyfondi, yn yr un, ond hefyd yn dweud y gweithio mewn mewn cyfondi... ..eg oedd. Mae'r golygu, mae'n gweithio mewn gweld y gwaith Northwyr wedi bod ynnu. Yn amlwg eich gobeithio deveilio can oes chi'n dda, oedd documentary mae'n lle solitary padd yn gweithio a oedon ni'n gweithio, Fod ygo chi'n ymchwil o'r ddwygar. Fod yw'r ddweud-, mae gennyn nhw'n gweithio'r ddwygar, mae'n gweithio yn 1 cwm, 1 cwm, 1 cwm, 1 cwm, 1 cwm yn y can oedon, ac pethau y dyma, ma nhw ychydig y dweud. Rydych chi eich gweithio'r ddweud yma? Rwy'n gyda no mor cyhoeddiwch ymwilol? On i gyd? Cymru, y gallwn eich campu mor unig y viwau, mae'n byw bwysig iaeth. Roedd anodd, yn rodd, mewn bwysig iaeth o'r hp... Ac mae'n bwysig iaeth gynfodd, a mae'n bwysig iaeth, oherwydd o'r hp yn yma yw'r wych. Mae'r bwysig iaeth, oherwydd o'r hp ar gyfer, oherwydd o'r hp sy'n hubbwyr.  Michol, go diddodd, yn mynd i'n ei wneud i'r ffostig. Ac mae'r rhaid o hyrch chi'n meddiech chi i fynd i ddygu'r hyn sy'n mynd i'ch unig oherwydd llawer o'r ffrindwyr hefyd. Wyd nhw'n cael ei ei oedd. Mae'n cael ei ddim yn hynny'n teimlo bod i'n leidio arlau dderbyll. Beth yna ynghylch â'r leidio ar y rhaid? Yn y sylwet hannwch drwy'r cyffordd o'r rhaid i'r hyffordd, felly mae nifer o'r cyffordd yn lle gyd yna. Rydym nhw'r ymddangos, rydym nhw'n ffordd, ond rydyn nhw'n ddiddordeb yn ychydig, a rydyn nhw'n ddiddordeb, yn ogylched nhw, ond mae'n eich bodol i'n gorffod, awak'n rhaid. Rydym nhw'n ddiddordeb yn ateb... Rydyn nhw'n ddiddordeb, ond yr hyn yn dechrau i gwasanaeth, nad oedd ymddangos ble nhw dyma, rydyn nhw'n ddiddordeb yn ddiddordeb. Rydyn nhw ddiddordd o'rFeil yma yn eich cyfodol, a oedd y ddaethau o'r rhaglen gwerthwyddiwr. fel y gallwn i chi'n gweithio'r ddim yn fathiau sydd y cerddorol yn y ddweud. Felly mae'r llwyddiadau ymddangos yn y gyfnod y stryd yn ei gwaith. Rwy'n gweithi'n ei ddweud y gallwn i'r ddweud yma. Mae'r ddechrau ydych chi'n gwneud y gallwn ei ddweud yn gweithio. Felly mae'r ddweud yn ei ddweud. Wel, mae'r ddweud yn ei ddweud. Mae'r ddweud yn ei ddweud. Felly, â bod y ddweud, mae'n ddweud yma, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio, Mae'n cael pechydig. chewwch, a bod gwrs mor blyneddau a'r llamiadau fel y rhan oes yn ei wneud. Mae'n gwaith bod yn tro oedd yn ddim yn gweithio fynd ac yn dweud y drafnwg. Nawr, mae'n ddweud yn cael ei fod yn llawer y drafnwg. O lam, ydych chi'n gyfrifyrwyr trafodd gweithio, mae'n bobl nodd gan bywyd y dyfodol iawn. Ar ddi gan gwedd, mae'n ddysgu fwy o'r fawr... D Differentiaethau ceisio arall oes yn gweithio fynd, Siw'r ffordd y ddweud y maen nhw yw cymhwys i psychologaeth, ac mae'r ffordd yw risg iawn. Rhywch yn ei fod yn gwneud cynnig o'r ffordd o'r ysgrifennu cymhwytoleau yn ysgrifennu. Yn y gallu ddweud y ddim yn ei ffordd, ac mae'n mynd i'r wneud yn ysgrifennu fe yw'r ffordd yw'n meddwl o'i wneud yn ei wneud yn ysgrifennu, ac mae'n ffordd yw'n mewn. yw'r ddau ystod, a'i dywed yn ei ddoi am y gallu yn fwy. Felly, roeddwn i'r mirmerau bod ydych yn ddod, o'ch mynd i'r bobl llawer i'n ymddangos, ymddangos, o'ch mynd i'ch ddorol i'r barff, oed dyna'r brosesiau, mae'n bryd bod i'n defnyddio'r rhain, byddwn i'r rhan o'n yneptio'u bod Mae'r ..... No, that would be the information. No, no, no, but it was. It was the most information. So that comes back to it. Be curious and be critical of the user experience. Make sure that you want to understand what's happening, understand what's going on, understand the interactions between people, understand how they tick. Okay, but also make super critical. Yeah, be super critical about it. Anybody know who this model man in the chat? It's like, who is he? Anybody have any ideas? No? He's old dudes. Yes, I know what he meant in the heuristics. No? No, didn't he meant heuristics? No? So this guy's called Vanavar Bush. What a great name. Anyway, he's called Vanavar Bush now. Vanavar Bush. Anybody got any ideas about Vanavar Bush? So, he's an HCI in the old days, and there's a very nice 2010 edition of interactive computers which talks about this, the evolution of HCI. HCI comes from multiple different disciplines in computer production, from multiple different disciplines of which user experience is one particular part. Now, the disciplines that HCI comes from are psychology, sociology, anthropology and computer science, mainly computer science and all that. But this smushing up from different places of different kinds of research from different domains means that there's no definitive idea about, really, about HCI and its origins directly. So this, you should know, is my, if you like, origins of HCI and most people who are computer scientists and technicals origins of HCI. So this guy, Vanavar Bush, wrote a paper, as we may think, it's called, 1948. Vanavar Bush wrote a paper for the Atlantic Review, which is the Atlantic Quarter. And his idea was that the mind operates by association. Now, you might be thinking to yourself, well, we don't know what it is, we don't know anything about that. The reality is that in the old days, we thought that along the lines of indexes, if we wanted to find information, if we wanted to find knowledge, if we wanted to do searches, it would be by an index, and we'd have to make sure that everything was indexed. The new decimal system is one such indexing method. Okay, so the human mind operates by association was something that we didn't really think of, that we shouldn't be looking for things in micro fish films, in standard catamels indexes, we should be looking for things in this kind of linear way, because our brains don't operate normally. We should be looking for things by association of what they're associated to, just like our brains do. So this guy created this conceptual system called the Memex, and the Memex is the prototype for the web and for the 10,000s.


It's tight into the first corner, Freddie Lingwin pushing hard, Mikkelsen turning up the inside, Freddie Lingwin, ruthless out of there, but Mikkelsen coming through. Now free, Alex to go to the inside, really quick decision for fast Freddie Lingwin, bars himself back to the front. Here comes Mikkelsen once again around the outside, Lambert now slipping back into third place. Can he get back to second? Freddie Lingwin working overtime in front, with Mikkelsen pushing him awfully hard in second place. Here comes Lambert now! Oh, Lambert forceful up the inside, he was not going to let this one go. He's made plenty of semi-finals this year, he just hasn't been able to convert into finals, and he's going to come under pressure for the rest of this race on the inside there for Mikkelsen. I think he's got it sewn up. Tell you what, you've got to tip your hat to Freddie Lingwin, finished his heats with two wins, the rain coming down now, difficult conditions out there. Down the back straight for the final time in the first semi-final, and Freddie Lingwin is running out of his skin here, Robert Lambert superb in second place and they're through!


Here are five destructive habits that keep you from prayer. These are the things that many believers do that cause them to become inconsistent in prayer. Number one, living a distracted life. In Matthew chapter 6 verse 6, Jesus says, But you, when you pray, go into your room.  One of the reasons that Jesus told us to go to the secret place is to help remove distraction from our lives. All too often, we exchange the heavenly for the earthly, the spiritual for the secular. God wants to give us encounters in his presence. God wants to speak to us. What do we do instead? We trade what he wants to give us for what the world wants to give us. We trade his voice for more time scrolling down the social media feed. We'd rather hear what's on YouTube than what's coming from heaven. And because of the pace of life in this generation, we think that everything comes on demand at our convenience right when we want it. And because we think that way, we imagine that the same applies to God. But we have to remember, He is the Lord. We are the servants. We must learn to honor the Lord's presence with our time. We must learn to honor the Lord's presence with our attention. And attention is a form of worship. We must learn to carve out times in the day where we become attentive to his voice. We cannot live so fast paced that we never give a moment's pause in which the Holy Spirit can speak to us. If that's your prayer, if you want the Lord to help you to focus in prayer, if you want distraction to be removed from you that you might give him the proper amount of attention, and write this in the comment section right now, let it be your public prayer, help me focus. Write those three simple words. Number two, letting guilt convince you to not pray. All too often believers approach God wondering if he even wants to hear from them. Because of the sins of the past, because of the mistakes they made beforehand, some believers believe that God is angry with them, or they imagine that God loves them, but he doesn't like them. They imagine that his patience is like a thin thread that's just about to snap and that they're right on the verge of having God removed from their lives and that he's going to take the Holy Spirit with him. But here's what the Bible says in Hebrews chapter 9 verses 13 and 14. Under the old system, the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer could cleanse people's bodies from ceremonial impurity. Just think how much more the blood of Christ will purify our consciences from sinful deeds so that we can worship the living God. For by the power of the eternal Spirit, Christ offered himself to God as a perfect sacrifice for our sins. Now look here in verse 14. Let's look at this again. Just think how much more the blood of Christ will purify our consciences from sinful deeds. He purifies the conscience. Why? So that we can worship the living God.  This is why it's so important that we embrace repentance and then the forgiveness of God. Because the enemy acts as the accuser. The moment you go to pray, the moment you begin to seek the face of the Lord, the enemy comes and begins to accuse you of things you've done in your past. He begins to accuse you of the mistakes that you've made. And using your mistakes against you, he tries to convince you that God doesn't want to hear from you. He tries to convince you that you're the one exception that cannot be forgiven and that heaven is shut to you. He tries to convince you that you're not worthy to ask for forgiveness, that you're not worthy to approach your heavenly Father. Now there may be some truth in that, but we have to remember that the blood of Jesus applies to even those who knew better. Let me say that again. The blood of Jesus applies to even those who knew better. So first John chapter 1 verse 9 tells us if we confess our sins, he is faithful and just. Forgive us our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness. He's faithful in that he does it consistently. He's just in that he does it based upon the sacrifice that Christ made to you. Stop allowing the assault of the enemy, which is accusation, to prevent you from prayer. How much time could you save yourself? How much heartache could you save yourself in prayer? If instead of wondering if God has forgiven you, if instead of begging God to forgive you, you simply embrace the fact that he already has and therefore you're free to move into the depths of prayer unhindered by your past. Number three, overthinking your prayer time. In Psalm chapter 51 verse 17, the Bible says the sacrifice you desire is a broken spirit. You will not reject the broken and repentant heart. Oh God. So the Lord is looking at the heart. We see another example of this in first Samuel chapter 16 verse 7. But the Lord said to Samuel, don't judge by his appearance or height, for I have rejected him. The Lord doesn't see the way you see them. People judge by outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart. You may approach prayer and have a list in your mind. You may wonder, when do I do spiritual warfare? When do I intercede for my lost loved ones? When do I pray in tongues? When do I present my request to God? When do I worship? And maybe you're trying to apply everything that you've learned about prayer. Maybe you're trying to apply what you've read in the scripture or what you've read in books. Maybe you're trying to outline your prayer life so that you can be most effective. But this isn't the way to approach God at all. God doesn't respond to systems. He responds to sincerity. Imagine if I were to take my wife out on a date and tell her, okay, we're going to go to dinner and we're going to be there for an hour and a half. And for the first half hour, let's talk about when we first began to date. And then the second half hour, let's talk about how we love parenting our daughter. And then the final half hour, let's talk about our future and specifically let's talk about any future place we might want to live. If I outlined our dates like that, Jess wouldn't really enjoy herself. Why? Because that would be a systematic approach to a relationship. When you go to pray, if you're so distracted by how you want to pray, then you're missing the whole point of prayer, especially for overthinkers. This might be difficult to overcome because many times we have sincere and good intentions. We want to please God. We don't want to make Him angry. We don't want Him to be upset with us. We want to be effective in prayer. Remember this, the Lord looks at the heart. So instead of obsessing about how much time you should pray or in what order you should pray certain things, how about you just enjoy the presence of the Lord? How about you just allow the Holy Spirit to gently guide you as you set aside whatever time you can to pray? Number four, waiting on your feelings to make you believe God hears you. So often believers approach the Lord and because they don't sense His presence physically, because they don't sense His presence emotionally, they begin to panic and wonder if God has distanced Himself from them. I didn't feel God. Is He angry with me? The last time I had an encounter with God where I found Him physically was years ago. What's wrong with me? Did I say something that displeased Him? Did I do something that displeased Him? Did I open some door that I'm not aware of? Am I making some mistake that I don't realize? And because of this, we begin to obsess over this idea of feeling God. And here's the problem. Sometimes an intense desire to have an encounter with God can itself become a distraction or a barrier between you and an encounter with God. And so people obsess about this idea and they freak out. They become paranoid. It consumes their thoughts. They can't help but wonder, why can't I feel God? Or why am I not experiencing what they talked about in their story? Or why am I not experiencing what I read about in old books about revival and church history? Or why am I not experiencing what I heard about in some YouTube video or a podcast or reading about online? And we begin to try to compare our relationship with God with the stories that we've heard and therefore we're waiting for our feelings to confirm something that we should already know by faith. We're waiting for our feelings to tell us what the Word already tells us. You know what that tells me? When you wait for your feelings to tell you what the Word already tells you, that's proof that you have more faith in your feelings than you do in the Word of God. Hebrews chapter 11 verse 6 says this, but without faith it is impossible to please him, for he that cometh to God must believe that he is and that he is a rewarder of them that diligently seek him. Stop waiting for your feelings to confirm the nearness of God and just take him at his word. His word is truth. Number five, keeping track of your prayer stats. Now, I know that sounds almost comical. I can just picture someone with a piece of paper logging their prayer times and keeping track of how their prayer life went and really sometimes this is the religious approach that many believers take to prayer. But here's what the Bible says in Matthew chapter 6 verse 7. When you pray, don't babble on and on as the Gentiles do. They think their prayers are answered merely by repeating their words again and again. They thought that God would hear them simply because they prayed again and again. They thought that God would hear them because of how good they prayed. Some people don't have faith in God, they have faith in their prayer life. They have faith in their ability to seek God. Some people don't have faith in God speaking. They have faith in their own ability to hear God speak. And this is a prime example of what happens when we become self-reliant instead of reliant upon the Holy Spirit's power. We begin to track our prayer lives and count it for us if it's good and counted against ourselves if it's bad. Now this can only produce one of two things. Either this will produce despair or this will produce pride. This will produce despair if you feel like you're not keeping the stats like you want to keep them. And it will produce pride if you feel like you're an expert.  Look, Lord, I pray three hours a day for a whole month straight. Look, Lord, I prayed consistently without distraction and therefore you should answer my prayers. Well, that is faith in your prayer life and not faith in God. So let's be rid of this notion that we have to log certain amounts of prayer in before God will be pleased with us because then we become reliant again upon our ability to pray. You know, I don't even really track how long I pray. People ask me all the time, how often do you pray and how long do you pray when you pray? And I don't like to answer that question because, first of all, that's between me and the Lord. And second of all, I don't really even keep track myself. There are moments, I'm sure, where I pray for hours. And then there are other moments where I probably pray half hour to an hour and then on days where possibly I'm traveling, I might only have 15 to 20 minutes to actually devote to just prayer alone. But I don't track my prayer because my relationship with God is not based on metrics, it's based on faith. It's based on His grace. Now, this doesn't mean that we shouldn't commit to prayer. And this especially doesn't mean that we shouldn't commit to extended periods of time in prayer. This just means that if we're keeping track of our stats, that we'll either despair or become prideful depending upon the results. Some believers don't want to pray because they messed up their stats. In other words, they pray Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and then they miss Thursday. And because they have this religious approach to prayer, they won't pray Friday because they think that God is angry with them or that they don't deserve to approach God. They're bothered at the fact that they feel like they have to start all over again. So they become so discouraged by having missed the day of prayer that they miss more days of prayer. And this just shows us why it's so unhealthy to take a statistical approach to prayer. Again, God doesn't respond to systems but to sincerity. Now, we're going to pray here and I want to pray that the Holy Spirit would help to guide you and help to remind you of these mistakes so that you don't keep making them. But let's go over again these five destructive habits that keep you from prayer. Number one, living a distracted life. Number two, letting guilt convince you to not pray. Number three, overthinking your prayer time. Number four, waiting for your feelings to make you believe God hears you. And number five, keeping track of your prayer stats. Now let's pray. I want to ask the Holy Spirit to guide you when you pray and to remind you of these truths when you most need to hear them. Come on, let's approach the Lord together. Father in the name of Jesus, I pray for that one receiving this now. Holy Spirit, I thank you that you remind us of the truth and you reveal the truth. And so I pray, precious Holy Spirit, that you would guide that one and remind them of the truths of your word that they might flourish in their prayer line. Give them a praying spirit. Cause them to become faithful seekers of the face of Jesus. We give you the glory, the honor, and the praise in the mighty name of Jesus we pray. And I want you to say it because you believe it, say amen. Well, if you enjoyed this teaching and you think others could benefit from this teaching, don't forget to leave a like on this video. And also, if you haven't done so already, be sure to subscribe to EncounterTV. And if you want to get involved with what we're doing here at the ministry, if you want to get involved with helping us to release this content, host the live streams, and hold events all around the world. Bottom line, if you want to help this ministry to continue to spread the gospel all around the world, you want to help us continue to win souls and build believers, then go right now to davidhernandezministries.com slash partner. Sign up today to become a monthly ministry supporter. Your support will do more than you could ever possibly imagine. Again, davidhernandezministries.com slash partner. You can go there to sign up to become a monthly partner or you can give a one-time gift. Now, if you enjoyed this teaching, then you will love three things I've learned about prayer. In that teaching, I give you three very practical truths that will help to take your prayer life to the next level.


Hey, Bolo buddies. Thanks for watching. Okay, the challenge winner five items sold for two thousand nine hundred and twenty seven dollars and sixty nine cents I'm gonna tell you that this man brought some Bolo items to this challenge. Oh my goodness. I Number one, I didn't have items worth this kind of money and number two I don't know if I would have been brave enough to auction them off for 99 cents free Shipping. Oh my goodness. All right. Are you guys ready to see what he sold? first one It's amazing Okay First I'm gonna share with you who the winner is how about that and please go subscribe To zombie bargain hunter. All right, you guys I have featured zombie bargain hunter Robert on my channel before he is like the plush king. He knows so much about plush but he also knows a lot about video games and He is just Super cool. Let me tell you how cool he is. I think he bought from like at least 10 people that were in the challenge. How nice is that? So he bid on their items. He won. He paid and He is the winner. So we are all shipping him a thrifted prize So make sure you're subbed to him because he is going to do a video Unboxing of all of the items that he got for for winning the challenge So definitely definitely stay tuned for that and be sure to subscribe to zombie bargain hunter I will put a link down in the description All right, let's look at those five items And then after I show you the five items that he sold at the for the vote auction 99 challenge I am gonna show you I'm gonna feature some of his plush and show you guys what kind of money He is making selling plush on eBay. All right The first item he sold for the challenge were these garbage pale kids from 1985 82 cards complete set series one matte original No reserve guys 99 cents free shipping The best part is these were his from his childhood He was eight or nine years old and he mowed lawns as a kid to purchase these at a local drive And driftwood dairy near his house. So these were his and he decided to give them up for The auction 99 challenge. Oh my goodness One thousand four hundred and fifty dollars With sixty six bids. Can you guys believe it? That is amazing The next item he sold are these Pokemon champion path elite trainer box. I believe these are cards and These came from a GameStop. They were fifty a box, but he had a coupon for fifty So he paid nothing for the EV and fifty for the charizard. I don't know what it's I don't know how to say it, but they sold for a hundred and ninety three dollars and sixty nine cents with fifty nine bids free shipping The next item is this Nintendo switch animal crossing new horizons console with bonus Mario 3d and case He got the game system at GameStop for two hundred fifty for the games Or the game and the case was ninety five percent off. So maybe a dollar So he has about two hundred and fifty one dollars in this and it sold for three hundred and eighty four dollars with thirty six bids free shipping The next item is this go pro hero and this was some interesting shopping So he got this at a best buy for three hundred and ninety nine dollars They gave a bonus of seventy dollars back in gift cards Plus he had a hundred and fifty dollars and best buy certificates So he paid about a hundred and eighty and sold this for four hundred and five dollars The next item is the Sony PlayStation VR headset PS VR bundle this sold for five hundred and ten, but the buyer cancelled or backed out So he sent a second chance offer and it ended up selling for four hundred and ninety five dollars He got this for a Christmas present a few years back the games were mostly from GameStop buyouts So maybe a couple dollars each so probably have thirty into this and he sold it for four hundred and ninety five dollars All right, you guys let's go over to Zombie bargain hunter Plush items. Are you ready to see what he sold in his eBay store that were plush I pulled plush because I think there's a lot of people that are really intrigued and interested in plush And he sells a lot of it. So that's why I picked that to feature. He sells other stuff, too The first item is this a briar plush horse. So this is a big one.  I do believe and he said For the big one probably around two pounds. So two dollars approximately is what he has in this Two bucks into eighty nine ninety nine free shipping. So depending where it's going He covers the shipping The next item he sold is this South Park chef plush animal 28 inch There he is Comedy Central rare and he sold this for eighty nine dollars and ninety nine cents And he got it at a thrift store for five dollars The next item is this adorable Disney parks your large jumbo stuffed plush It's 20 inches Winnie the Pooh gray and a good thing to look at is his titles because he sells tons of plush You are what you or you are you or was at the Goodwill bins full of yellow face scrub cream But washed off easily yellow face scrub cream. Oh man poor guy Cost was about a dollar and it sold for seventy one dollars and ninety nine cents free shipping The next item is this elephant plush stuffed animal. It's a thirty nine inch jumbo And this was a part of the Goodwill gay Lord Hall and it sold for fifty three ninety nine free shipping The next item is this dashhound love puppy dog plush. I love you this much Valentine's giant large brown dog I love you this much and it's a long dog So cute love puppy Dog I believe was 95 I'm sorry 90% off at right age So probably two dollars tag was worn off and it's a dandy and it sold for forty four dollars and ninety nine cents free shipping The next item is awesome It's a Tom and Jerry Tom the cat plush nanko three musketeers 14 inch stuffed animal Tom was a thrift store Bought a bag of plush for a dollar and he was in it sold for forty four dollars and ninety nine cents there's the tags and He still it looks like he has the original tag right there. So that's cool forty four ninety nine free shipping The next item is this Merwin Mervins floppy friends plush snow monkey looks like he's sold two of these He bought it from Donna she had a ton of monkeys probably four or five dollars in him And he sold for forty four dollars and ninety nine cents So when he says Donna he means Donna tell a bottlino who does YouTube selling events? So definitely go check her out The next item is this purple lamb plush stuffed animal 28 inch by 16 inch pillow with this adorable curly fur Sheep was again from a gay Lord Hall sold for forty four ninety nine free shipping This is a Christmas brown teddy bear and it's got the big bow It's sold for forty dollars and forty nine cents with free shipping It was in a good will blue box. So cost is twenty five dollars for ten a ten pound box The next item is this my Tempur-pedic teddy bear plush promo 19 inch memory foam soft Plaid Christmas bow, so I'm guessing it's made out of memory foam.  So always put sparkly eyes in your title I think that those are pretty sought after this sold for thirty five ninety nine I'm sorry thirty five dollars and ninety nine cents free shipping and this came out of a gay Lord Hall Jelly cat definitely a bolo definitely be on the lookout. This one has the tags on it Jelly cat came from a blue box a goodwill blue box sold for thirty one ninety nine free shipping And it's a little pom pom bird rainbow bird It is so cute if you guys are not looking at the and you're just listening you need to take a look at this guy He is adorable alright, we have Gauffa Gofa Gauffa. I'm not sure geo FFA is the brand mama elephant holding her baby. How cute is that? so for thirty one dollars and forty nine cents and Free shipping that came from a gay Lord Hall So I think when he got when he gets it out of a gay Lord, it's about two dollars a piece The next item are Chip and Dale plush rescue Rangers from 1989 play school set of two Chip and Dale are From two different lots one bag one dollar bags and he put them together So for thirty one dollars and forty nine cents free shipping and we're back to the garbage pail kids so Definitely go and check out a zombie the bargain hunter. He has amazing Dolos amazing plush tons of games again I didn't feature any of the games and the stuff from GameStop. So definitely go check out his channel. You can see He has lots and lots of content Blue box opening so you can go over and see just what comes in a mystery blue box a goodwill blue box. So Mystery plush haul GameStop haul But he really really focuses in those two areas, but he has a good eye for Bolos in general. So Pickle pick zombie. Oh pickle Rick zombie It was covered up. All right, you guys go check him out Give him a sub and here he is with star from flipping hippos who is the plush queen He's the plush king and she is the plush queen of YouTube at least that I know of They both sell tons of plush. So that's what we call them Alright, so yeah, check out star from flipping hippos. She's awesome also All right, you guys just gonna kind of scroll through and let you see a little more of his YouTube channels here his thumbnails and I will link his YouTube channel and his eBay store down in the description of the video. Look, here's a pooping unicorn It poops oh My goodness you guys will have to go watch that video to see how that works. Oh my goodness He loves plush. It's so awesome All right, you guys Thanks for being here. Thanks for watching and Be sure to like comment subscribe and share and Oh We got the owl up here the new mascot So cute I keep saying he so it must be a he so I'm still figuring out the name still waiting All right, you guys. Thanks for being here. Thanks for watching. Have a great night