Hi, folks. Good afternoon. Well, the second day of OpenStack Summit, and it's not yet the last session. So I'm hoping you're not completely submitted out. My name is Tarek Khan. I'm with Hewlett Packard Enterprise. And today, we're going to talk a little bit about containers and, more specifically, containers within the NFV context and talk about what different options could be there for being able to use containers within NFV. And I'm sure if I start talking about this slide, half of you are going to leave, because you must have seen it in every single container presentation, why people are using containers over VMs. But the point that I wanted to call about was that there are some very good reasons why containers make a lot of sense for enterprise workload, for cloud-native workloads and such. But the telco workloads or NFV workloads, as we call them, are slightly different. And the way that they're different are that they require, when you deploy these, you require a little bit more fine-grained control on how things are being deployed. And if you have been coming to these sessions, I think the last couple of years, there has been a lot of discussion around the specific telco requirements for OpenStack. A lot of those requirements are equally valid for containers as well. So you need a little bit more control, a little bit more knowledge of the underlying architecture of the infrastructure. But besides that, if we talk about the mobile core, so some of the applications that are deployed to be able to run our cell phone networks, those applications like Virtual Evolve Packet Core or IP multimedia subsystem, they require the VM sizing that they require. They're rather large. And typically, when you deploy them, you assign full cores to them. So the traditional packing of containers that we are able to do, which is very attractive for deploying applications as containers, that perhaps there's only so much you're able to do. The other thing is that, for the same reasons, the workloads within containers are slightly longer lived. So you don't have VMs and containers coming up and down as much as, for example, I think everyone would have not heard the number that Netflix, each workload, is only live for around an hour, less than the time a movie lasts. And then I think the last one is not going to be surprised to anyone, especially if you are from the telco side or from the VNF vendor side, that there's just not many VNF that are available as packaged as containers today. So there's as much of knowledge and experience we have not been able to get. But now it's definitely picking up. And I would say that in the last year, I have not spoken to any operator that's not looking to start investigating the use of containers within the ecosystem. So this, by the way, is our take on comparing containers and VMs. I'm sure some of these could have very passionate conversations. But this is definitely subjective. But the point that we are trying to make over here is that containers and VMs are solving different problems. So it's not either or. It's for specific problems, especially for telco workloads. It's going to be you're going to apply different things to solve those problems. And as you'll see, in certain cases, by the way, where the circle is full black, that means that we feel that is more appropriate for that row. And where it's more white, it means that something's lacking. So what it really means is that in certain things, one deployment is much better than the other ones. Or in certain other cases, the other ones have some capabilities that are not available other places. So having said that, container platform, again, I'm sure most of you sat into this morning keynote where the OpenStack container ecosystem was discussed. This always has to happen. So there's different ways of parsing it. And I think if you do a quick search of comparative container ecosystem, you'll have different ways of parsing the entire ecosystem. This is one of them. This is from Wikibon 2015. I think you can already say some things have changed in this. But it's a rather complex ecosystem. Just like what OpenStack as VMs has been trying to address, it's a rather complex ecosystem. It's not just use Docker and all your problems are going to be solved. And if you go to the next level in it, and again, this is not a comprehensive lift of different technologies that are available at each layer, but there are a lot of technologies out there for every single layer. And what this slide doesn't show is that while each layer has different components, there are some stacks that are being developed, some of the popular players. They're developing stacks which address more than a single component, and which at times is absolutely needed in the environment, because that way you're able to very quickly get the platform up and running. But in other cases, you want a little bit of flexibility to be able to do and customize different layers as you'd like to be able to do. So if we take the stack that we talked about earlier, and then we try to bring it up to OpenStack, and in this one, I just assume let's say Docker, which is the most common container runtime. But instead of just taking the runtime, let's see if we use Docker data center, which is their Docker's ecosystem. If we were to compare and contrast it with different OpenStack services, how it would look like. And you'll see that there are some places, and again, this is not in these kind of comparison. There are always some things that you can talk about this doesn't align with here or this aligns with something else. But at the broad level, this is how these things align. And you'll see that in some places, Docker doesn't have an equivalent service. So there's some things that if, for example, you're going to use even an integrated stack like Docker's with OpenStack, you want to be able to use the OpenStack ecosystem to provide those services. Block storage, absolutely. That comes up that Cinder providing black storage services, Docker does not have anything. You just use the back end storage directly, like Cephanol, or object storage, another one. If you're going to be able to store your images somewhere, either you use it file system or OpenStack provides object storage. Why not use that? Again, if you look at identity, right now, if you look at it on the Docker side, it's pretty much just go and integrate with LDAP, which doesn't provide what you're looking for. You can leverage something like Keystone. But as you see in monitoring, there's a lot of, I know there's a number of vendors over here as well, so a lot of different solutions, which perhaps you can look at Monasca to somehow work at it. Now, this is another slide. I'm sure folks from the telco side would be very familiar with it. So we thought that perhaps we talked about OpenStack equivalency, but if you were to use containers and map them over to the Etsy architecture, this is the architecture that most of the telcos are within this area they're using to define the broader problem. Then we'll see that one thing that doesn't change between the two is the hardware. You use the hardware, which absolutely could be the same as for hosting anything else. But the things that change are some of the other components that come and that are considered as part of NFEI or NFE infrastructure. In those things, essentially something like a hypervisor that we use within VMs would be provided by something like a container runtime, in this case, being Docker engine. You will have the actual containers, which are basically the NFEI or virtual servers that you're going to use within Etsy nomenclature. And then you'll have networks. LibNetwork is the one that comes with Docker, but of course, you'll want to use something slightly better. Now, there are certain use cases where OBSDPDK is going to make sense, specifically for NFV, quite likely. And other use cases, it may be different. But then we kind of go into the other parts. We can within, if we're just talking about using Docker data center by itself, then there are some components that come along with it, which you'll assume as the virtual infrastructure manager for containers. And then if you have a SDN controller, if you want to put in it, Etsy didn't call it out separately, but SDN controller would be sitting in VIM as well. But these are things that the users or consumers of containers are not going to worry too much about. This is only for the OBS guys who are building these systems and have to care and feed these things. The guys who are going to use this environment, they'll worry about the interfaces. And what are the APIs that you're going to use to be able to access this? And they essentially come down to this VI-VNFM interface or in the OR-VI interface. These are the ones that VNF managers and NFV orchestrators use. And you are able to Docker swarm if you use the Docker data center. They are going to provide these interfaces, which means your upstream system's got to be able to speak this language. There are other interfaces that come in play as well, but these are not exposed to the users. The one between virtualization layer and hardware, and also the ones between the VIM and the virtual infrastructure. Again, users are not going to worry about it as much, but the VNF vendors will quite likely have to worry about these interfaces. So far, I just defined what if containers make sense for NFV. And then how would some of the things, nomenclatures and different architectures that the telco guys have been using within NFV, how containers or a container stack is going to look like. Now getting into a container platform, so when an operator is building a platform, obviously, first you've got to come up with some requirements. And the first question is going to be, the workloads that I want to be able to deploy, are the workloads going to be coming as containers or VMs? And if someone is going to say that I just want to be able to support VMs or I just want to be able to support containers, and by the way, I know you can deploy containers on VMs as well, we're going to touch it. But if you were just going to do containers or VM, one packaging style that you're going to support, then a lot of solutions are there. You deploy a number of different folks are doing it, and almost every infrastructure vendor that's out here would have a reference architecture to be able to go about it. So we're not going to talk about that as much, because that doesn't change too much when you're running either telco containers or regular containers. The other option becomes containers on VMs. And by the way, I'll broaden it a little bit. It could be containers or VMs or containers or bare metal as well, but when bare metal is managed as a tenant facing service, i.e. bare metal using something like OpenStack Ironic, it's going to be the same thing. So for this, as you would have heard this morning, and there's a number of talks over there, that this is an area and I believe that this session has been predominantly around how one of the key topics has been how do we run containers and virtual machines together within the OpenStack infrastructure. And community is working on it. Magnum has reached some level of maturity that you're able to start deploying it and start testing some VNFs when the VNFs are available. And then this new project, Zoom, I'm very keen on sitting in it and trying to find out what is it that that project is going to bring out. Courier, of course, makes a lot of sense in bringing not just the network, but other OpenStack services over to containers. So community is working on it and we're going to have some solutions available to show. Excuse me. Available today, some solutions coming out. But where I wanted to go was that if we want to be able to deploy containers and VMs, and what that means really is that we want to be able to use the native container stack and a VM stack together, then what options are available. So that is what we're going to look in the rest of the slides. So if you take this a little bit deeper, then we have to come up with what requirements for this platform that will guide us in building this thing. So first off is straightforward. As an operator, as a customer who wants to be able to run whatever workloads are coming, you want to have as much commonality as possible. So commonality in terms of acquisition, managing. So you want to be able to come up with a single platform and a hardware management platform, a single way of getting things in and be able to manage the lifecycle of the components that you can call it, the underlay of containers. Then you want to be able to support multi-cloud. And there are excellent presentations this morning at the Keystone, at the keynote where it was shown how using OpenStack, you're able to deploy it to Amazon or to GCE. So similarly, your platform, you'll want to be able to support multi-cloud because what your VNF vendors are going to provide, you won't be able to control. And then there's a lot of other things that you want to be able to share between the two at a minimum. Quite likely more than this, but at a minimum, you want to be able to come up with some of these things that you support. And then if you recall this technology stack, you want to be able to map some container stack that you're going to pick, and you want to be able to map it to the container technology stack. And in this one, we took the example of Docker data center. But this is as applicable for any other stack, or a stack which is made up of component from other places. I know this one uses Docker swarm as the container management or orchestration system. But of course, Kubernetes, MISOs, they are significantly more popular and more adoption. So they play in it as well. But the key thing being that you're going to pick up a stack, and then there will be some deployment choices that you're going to be making to be able to build your entire environment. And then what you want to be able to come up with is to layer this environment around. You start with the platform, the platform management component. And in this one, the example I'm taking is obviously some of HP components. But the approach is applicable anywhere. But you start with a common infrastructure and then common management of the infrastructure. And then what we are suggesting over here is that have some kind of a mechanism that from one place you're able to manage the underlay, or as we're calling NFV control plane. So you essentially be able to deploy your OpenStack, your SDN controllers, and your container control plane as well. And by the way, the OpenStack that you deploy over here, now that Magnum is obviously part of BigTent, and Magnum is now included in a lot of distributions. So the containers on VMs, be it on bare metal using Ironic or be directly on VM, you do it through the OpenStack layer. But then be able to provide a native containers stack on the side that can use some of these newer technologies that these, as we know, it's a very dynamic environment. So you're able to provide some of these newer technologies and bring it out. So for runtime architecture, I know there's some comment made this morning, this one API to rule them all. And of course, that's a desire. We would love to have a single API where we're able to manage all kinds of workloads. And there's great effort going on within the community to be able to do it. But quite likely there will be cases where you may need to be able to expose the native API of this stack as well. And what we are suggesting over here is that near-term deployments, especially for NFV, where most deployments are to familiarize with the container technology and to be able to see how it can integrate into the environment, we suggest that we expose both of the APIs, the native API of the container stack, whatever that expose it, be it Kubernetes, be it Swarm. And of course, expose the OpenStack API. And that way, at the NFVO level, the NFV orchestration level, you're able to create services, and those services could decide where the deployments are going to go. So with that just closing that for such a stack, what we feel that single API, even though it's desired by everyone, it may be a little while before it's going to become a reality. And until such time, we end to recognize that the velocity of development for both OpenStack and the container platforms is going at such a level that we plan for multiple APIs to be exposed upstream and build a platform that's able to support both containers and VMs in the same environment. That we have a couple of minutes, and if there's any questions, I'm happy to answer. And since this was a sponsored track, our guide always asked us to plug in our products, so I wanted to do that. We do have a solution called LENFV system, which is a integrated offering. Hardware software includes our distribution of OpenStack. And our vision is that something like this platform should be able to support containers in near term. Thank you very much.


the world at the moment. Jonathan Sheridan for Fixed Security is joining us now for more and Jonathan in terms of the global bond market at the moment, how's it faring? What's it sort of pricing in when it comes to rate hikes in the US, rate cuts here? What are you watching? Good afternoon Ingrid. Yeah look it's pretty quiet actually I have to say and has been for the last few days. We're seeing a bit more issuance come out of that quiet period which is encouraging so you know when you've got a few stable days you see companies more willing to take the pricing on offer so we're seeing CBA for example just launched a 10-year US dollar bond today for pricing probably around the 3% mark which to give you a comparison Sydney airport that was just mentioned did a 10-year US dollar bond a few weeks ago that priced it about 3.65 so personally would rather have the Sydney airport on the relative value there. You've also seen some moves in a lot of trading in Newcrest's 2014 US dollar line which what are you seeing there because there's some switching going on? Yeah that's right so Newcrest as you will have seen from the share price had a great run recently with some really good operational results so they've got a really long dated bond in US dollars 2041 maturity it's been a bit of a rocky ride for investors it was yielding as much as 8% not two months ago so it's back to about six and a half percent now so given the way the equities run up as I said we think probably that that's about as good as it's going to get in in the terms for that bond in recent trading so we're seeing clients switching out of that and taking a bit more credit risk in the Fortescue 2022 senior secured line so shortening the duration but increasing the credit risk. All right Jonathan Sherrod and appreciate that update thank you. Thank you.


Since 2016 Interpol has a global counter-terrorism strategy with a few action streams, a few priorities. One of these priorities is interrupting terrorist travel. Since that strategy, it helped us to develop cross-regional operations and to know the travel routes of these people and the travel routes based on the operations now leads to these results where we identify more than a dozen foreign terrorist fighters travelling between two continents. Today Interpol holds a database accessible for all our member countries with more than 50,000 nominals of foreign terrorist fighters. On top of that, we also have a database available for our analysts to connect the dots between the different countries and that database has more than 400,000 identifiers. The United Nations wrote two United Nations Security Council resolutions what urges the countries to share information with Interpol on these foreign terrorist fighters and of course also that resolution is very helpful for Interpol.


Hi. Hey, it's Frigid. Welcome to Above Life Channel. The purpose here is to inspire your spirit and to fill you with hope today. We're going to have a conversation with John Lennon in the afterlife. Oh, if you look back, John Lennon has a playlist so you can see when I initially channeled him a couple of years ago. Kind of watch some of those other videos if you choose to do that. Today I chose John Lennon because I thought there is an energy of peace that is what I associate with him. And also the energy of his iconic status and the energy of peace sometimes seems a little like there's friction there. And trying to be a human being and be spiritual and then also live in the public eye seems like something that's very daunting. And could then provide us with a great deal of insight. So I think it would be great to have John Lennon come in and speak about our times now as I am recording this video in 2022 February 2022. Let's bring him in. All right, I see him in his round glasses. Yeah, I have the word imagined behind me. I just literally went, oh yeah. It's always up here it's been up in many videos and I just, he says you know what that song was about. Do you know what that song was about what it was really about. I guess, to me it was about peace. He says, yes. But more about as an individual the contributions that you can make that we as one person can make. He's showing like a pebble in the pond and the ripples. And he says, the energy understanding of this is extremely important now. So might I say this song imagine was written for these times that you are living in. I don't regret my passing. In the timing of my death, I don't feel or spend time dwelling on that whether or not it was too soon or fair or just I just, I allow myself now to be in servitude as a spirit, amplifying the love, the grace. And the vibrational resonance of the energy of love and the profound peace that I have now found in ascension.  And that he's focused on the ascension path. How are you reincarnated. I don't feel like he is doesn't feel like he is. I'm a Yoko, a lot, like I feel her that she speaks to him and he speaks to her and through her, and whether they've directly communicated with a medium to do that or not, I'm not sure I get the feeling that she early on had psychic and spiritual in her own and I feel like there's almost like medication that's used or medicine that's used at time and dissonal. Things that could be actually like marijuana or other types of of altering substances to be able to get her into a state to be able to do that, however, feels like her heart was very much broken when he died and so there's this. I personally as far as healing goes, respect that and feel the energy of the her own individual grief process. And now it feels like she can be much more expanded and like open like a big lotus flower, and he shows me a big red rose, I say lotus, and he shows me a big red rose, which to me connects to the divine feminine connects to deep love love that endures, and he gives me the feeling that they're very much still very connected very very much so. And he tells me about some kind of a musical school or a musical society. I don't know if there's like a trust for something like this that's in his name or if there's some kind of a something and I see piano. I don't know what that's about like a musical school or something. He's acknowledging that or he's showing me this. I'm sure that I have, in order to connect with you today john is about the times that we are in the prophetic energy that you bring in because it feels like you do have a bit of a prophetic vibration about you. And I think energetically you desire to bring in a new wave of energy into the earth and the planet at this time to support the rest of us who are living the real life, who can't just transcend out of our human lives, the people who are going to work every day and taking care of our children and who are in college classrooms and who are, you know, in the clinics and the hospitals and the people who are, you know, at the grocery store that are stocking the shelves and driving the trucks and just there's just so much contribution and the day to day work that is happening just to keep us to stand and alive that I think the prophetic nature of your vibration I think could give us some kind of reassurance maybe I don't know for your assurance is the right word. We haven't spoken about the pandemic you and I so we could talk about that but I'm more interested in understanding what you see or foresee for us as a humanity now during this time. He says that's a lot Bridget that's a lot. Let us focus on first the crown chakra, the purple energy of light, the transformative healing energy of the violet flame, and of multiple ascended masters who have come to the planet before me. He says I understand the vibration of change and transmutation, in addition to the energy that you have called for on the planet now as transformation says there is a transitioning point of earth herself, yes, and all the humanity that rests upon her is moving to the place in which they choose to move, but all are being up unsettled and uprooted in many contexts. Families are literally being torn apart and he says for some transition and change equals step of the body, but the spirit and the ethereal is the place that there is the most abundant growth to encourage the support then of the earthly plane and those who are left here. He shows me farming and farming community and organic food and the nature of the rawness of the soil right now is becoming extremely important and the purity of the food that you are eating and not just the lack of seeds or toxins in the air or the earth he says it's not just that it is more the vibration through which it is held and carried throughout the system, handed from one hand to another hand to another hand, some just washing and preparing in order to build the package and send to the market. He says it is really paramount for you to consider at this time as humanity to either grow your own food, or to source from the farmers markets and the locally sustained farms, because this is going to eliminate the need for this is going to allow for longevity of the food, because it will be direct to you, and it is also going to eliminate the need for the toxic vehicles like he's showing me like air pollution and the carbon footprints and all that like the, that literally air pollution from the trucks that are traveling to bring food from one place to another and he says, it's a shorter distance and it's local. He says, and it really is essential for your for the needs of the human body to be able to allow the human body to continue to be able to hold the frequency of the mass that you are made of the meat mass that you are made of he says the tangible body. It becomes more paramount uses or paramount over and over again to pay attention and be acutely aware of where your food is coming from. Okay guys I want to be really clear public service message, I'm not really super big into that like I don't know a lot about that I just know hey I go to the farmers market in the summer. There's no choice in the winter because I have to buy my food at the store it's, we don't have growth season here kind of thing but he's like talking about all sorts of things like hydroponics and herb gardens just simple ways to sustain and then even like things like canning and stuff like that freezing your food all that. It's not for the faint of heart. Yeah, yeah he's saying it's not. It's not easy. It requires a transition in a transformation as to how you think about things he says, and it is so easy just to go through through a drive through. He says yeah. But there is a need energetic and vibration for this and he says it for some there will not be a choice because you're going to find he says that the body actual he's saying. This is so weird I don't know all these terms molecular structure of the body is going to change so that in order for you to be able to continue to grow and evolve and open spiritually and he's showing everybody wants to open with his eyes like that's the new thing kind of be showing the third eye. The heart is already empaths highly sensitive people, people are understanding emotions that's why there's mental illness awareness and a more acceptance of everybody has forms of anxiety everybody has forms of depression it's becoming more mainstream understanding he's showing me that. Okay, so yes, the empathic energy the empathic heart that has been accepted now and now it is the I, the third eye, which is the eye of God, he says, or the universal he said you have the wires he said you to have the ability to be flexible to move your vibration and shift it. Pretty with ease, and he says you can't do that when your body is weighed down by toxins that are given to you by the food that you're eating, because the digestion you are what you become that you guys again I'm not on a rant about healthy eating healthy because let's just be clear I'm not the healthiest eater either I just had cookies where I came down here I have water but I drank coffee this morning I don't know. But this is what he's saying, which makes sense because the vibration of our bodies is essential in order to be able to hold intuitive information and to be able to heal ourselves quickly and move through disease or illness we need to be as rationally fit as we can be. Okay, so food is like a big deal for him. Okay, he says, the understanding of the mass death that has occurred on the earth, he says, is by choice of a by choice. Can we choose your words a little bit because it's a little tricky because I don't want to get too much. I don't want to upset too many people because a lot of people have experienced death of family and things because of coven and so I don't want to like her to defend anybody I'm just just know that I'm feeling sensitive to that you guys, but he literally says it's by choice the death was by choice. And that it was a wave of says a way of the best word to match is awareness a wave of awareness. They were not scapegoats, and it was not unplanned, and it was a natural biological call for unity and expansion. That transcends the human mind and actually leans into a universal and cosmic consciousness. He says actually advanced being advanced spirit guides and advanced knowledge or wisdom. So like star seed and other planets and that kind of thing. I'm still aware that this was going to occur on the earthly plane it was predicted years ago about it looks like about 30 years ago actually says if you look if we look back you guys it feels like somebody else predicted this like 30 years ago, they predicted this wave this pandemic that happened. And it's still in the process of kind of trying to come to a plateauing point. Okay, we're close to that but we're not there yet he says. And it's like we've cut off the head of the beast but the beast still lives is what he's saying. So that the purging that was expected, as a result of this experience has happened to some degree to everyone. Everyone has been affected in some way shape or form even the fancy wealthy rich, and the minimal poor of society so it had nothing to it is, it did not escape you based without their status. Your job may have made you more susceptible, however, he says, it is having ramifications far and wide, because there needs to be a restructuring and a reordering of things and he's showing economy wise like the socio economic classes that stuff has to be changed in order for that to occur. This mass death, and this plague had to happen. It happened in such a way as to be a catalyst to really shine a light on all the differences between the economic classes and how even an advanced societies and nations are first world countries, how much of a mess that old structure system was so out of whack. And he says now there seems to be greater gaps he said but it's not greater, he says that's the thing, the gaps are not larger, you're just it's just that the more people are seeing the gaps which is exactly what the intention is, and the more people that see the more people that know, the more people that can do something and change will occur and eventually and he says, peace requires patients and persistence, not patients have non action, patients in the way of specific and direct action. And if you want to make a true impact, put your money where your values are only buy from companies that you know are sustainable or that have value of people, they treat their employees well they provide insurance health insurance for their, their employees, they have practices that honor the environment and the communities and people, they promote or support diversity and and equality and as do your research don't blindly buy things. Use your money as intention. This is why by the way he says most people a lot of people have problems with money. It's because they see money as this bad thing. It's like naughty thing, it's like soup it under the carpet kind of thing like a backdoor thing money. He says but money has the power to change and transform and support the change is the key support the change. Through you as an individual peacefully choose with awareness, honor the death of those who have gone in order to create this clear path through obvious awareness and the third eye and the physical human eyes and the third understanding the change and the need for this at this time, and your impact he says the pebble in the pond. Because it's here and it's now, and it feels so overwhelming like he's acknowledging it's a lot the heart is like way. He doesn't know what the dam is going to break. Okay, he acknowledges that he says it won't. You can shift in to the mind state and change and shift the perspectives of the mind. Use the third eye and vision a better future by taking the actions that are persistent. Be intentional with your purchases be intentional with your time and your energy be intentional when you eat. Use your body in a way that is profound and and and leverages efficiently your power and keep your mind clear and food will do that. So that these gaps that are so obvious don't become we don't become a numb to them. That's not the intent. That was kind of serious. Well, okay, that was deep. I just think that was really deep. That was deep like. John obviously doesn't know that it above life channel I like things later. Right. But sometimes we need to listen. Pay attention. Pull out pull our heads out of our butts and actually listen to the intuitive guidance that's coming in and not the fear based crap that some of y'all are listening to not the, oh my God, everything's bad and this is happening and that's not the darkness is going and not that. Why would you listen to that listen to the factual feeling focused, honored intention of you as a beautiful human with a vibrant spirit and love amplify the love and empower the piece. Let's do that. Let's focus on that. So I'm Bridget I'm a psychic medium and I'm here every week on above life channel. I'm channeling afterlife celebrity guest to give you insight and to inspire your spirit and fill you with hope. Like we did with John Lennon, check out his playlist by the way at above life channel every Monday you can tune in for the afterlife channeling sessions and on Sundays I do a Sunday morning coffee with Bridget, which is a podcast I do to inspire your spirit I take an intuitive topic and I chat with you about it. You're interested in my work as an intuitive life coach and also as a psychic. You can check me out on my other YouTube channel fairy grasshopper or I share my vlogs and lots of other videos and information, as well for you over there and fairy grasshopper. Hey, I hope we have inspired your spirit filled you with some hope and maybe encouraged you to live your life. This is your life after all you get to live it. Just live it.


as I testified on the house side regarding the previous regenerative eye bill I think it was H661 we don't think that the states approach should be limited to only targeting one particular type of farm even though you know we obviously support organic practices we don't we do think the states approach should be broader and more inclusive and kind of bring everyone along so that's definitely something that we appreciate about this program some questions that I have about the environmental stewardship program it's unclear to me whether it will facilitate you know real direct financial support both for farmers who are already implementing these practices or what exactly the level and the nature of support is going to be for farmers that need to implement conservation practices my second question is and this isn't in the bill itself but it's in a document that describes the VESP program on the agency's website it lists and this may be a question for Ryan Patch it lists other incentives beyond just financial assistance through NRCS which include something called CEAP and a BNP challenge and I would love to get more information on what the exact incentives are again that this program would offer to farmers because I think that's a really key part of what could make this effective or not effective and my last question I guess in terms of that is whether the state has considered paying farmers directly for ecosystem services that they're providing that's something that we often hear from farmers and I'm sure you've had conversations about this that you know farmers a lot of farmers are already doing a lot of providing ecosystem services they don't even get a thank you well they did after our winter conference this year actually we had people write love notes to farmers thanking them for their work again you ought to send those to the digger we should actually I think that's a good idea they do something positive for us we know that and we really do understand that farmers are struggling in crisis and that they are feeling really bad right now so actually that kind of brings me to my first concern about the BESP program in reading through the program and its details of how it would be implemented it seems to me like it would really adds pretty substantial paperwork and burdens around inspection without maybe providing sufficient incentives especially during this time when farmers are in crisis for all kinds of different reasons and while farmers are really struggling to meet new regulatory requirements I think this this program as much as I think it's intended to be and it is voluntary and it's intended to be incentive based but it reads a lot more like a new regulation to me than it does a really strong incentive based program I'm also one of the concerns around this program and other efforts to incorporate regenerative ag across the state is the potential to see even more increases in herbicide use with wide scale transition to conventional no-till agriculture obviously tillage is a huge problem in organic farmers till maybe more than anyone so that's something that there's been a lot of increasing research on on organic farms in recent years is how do organic farmers till less and since organic farmers are not able to use chemicals like life-sake to kill their cover crops there's a lot of research and I think really productive progress being made on organic no-till methods that use mechanical means of killing off that cover crop and I wanted to recommend Gabe Brown as kind of an expert in that area who may be able to provide some insight Who is he? Where is he? Gabe Brown? Yeah, Gabe Brown he's been kind of on a speaking circuit around a lot of the different NOFAs and organic farming conferences educating folks about no-till, organic no-till practices so I can find more information about him if that's helpful and then I guess in terms of specific suggestions related to those concerns I think it would be interesting to explore what other direct kind of financial incentives can be provided to farmers to kind of get them started on this on this path I think a pilot is a good approach I think that starting small makes sense in kind of seeing what the outcomes are with these 10 or 12 farmers in the first year would be good but I do think more financial incentive or other types of incentives might be needed to really get farmers on board and then again like I said about the pollinator issue farmers learn from each other so I think if we can begin to the state can really invest directly in incentivizing farmers to move toward these practices which often happens in organic agriculture once a farmer transitions they really see oh this actually is an economic benefit to my farm to transition to organic not only because of the higher market value they can get for their crops but because certain practices like cover cropping and crop rotation actually save them money on inputs and it increases the health of their soil over time which is a really critical investment to make in their farm so again I think starting with more direct financial incentives would be great because I think farmers will then see those economic benefits for themselves and they'll learn from each other why these practices are beneficial without the state having to continuously pay farmers necessarily to do these things so again one of my recommendations would be to explore and invest in organic no-till practices to avoid increased water pollution from herbicides which has been a documented result actually of the uptick in conventional no-till practices we've seen increases in herbicide use following that that switch which is tough we do want to see less tillage but then there is kind of that untitled consequence of increased herbicide use so I think we should be considering that lastly in terms of suggestions the regenerative farming definition used in the bill actually in the VEF program includes increases biodiversity and ecosystem health and resiliency and I think that it's important also and this really details in well again with the pollinator protection issue how can the state assist farmers to invest in biodiversity in addition to soil health crop rotations and crop diversity on farms should be considered as part of this effort I think just the basic rotation from corn to soybeans and back again may not really be enough to be called regenerative agriculture even if we are reducing tillage and making improvements in other ways I think more diversity both in cropping and in terms of pollinators and other habitat that's being provided on farms those things really need to be considered if we have a true commitment to regenerative agriculture or regenerative practices and then in terms of kind of going back to just sort of four year information NOFA and several other groups in Vermont that are participating in a healthy soils policy incubator project right now that was started by the California climate action network and the goal of that project throughout this year is to explore and really create a community where state leaders or folks working on healthy soils policy can learn from each other and share experiences in terms of what's been done in their states what's been successful what has not been successful and there actually are several of those similar initiatives going on right now where states are really working hard to share amongst themselves what's been working to help inform healthy soils policy across the country because there are a lot of folks working on this nationwide right now can you give us some contact information for the CalCAN here in Vermont for what those state or those nationwide networks are yeah absolutely and that is all I have I'm happy to take any questions do you see the question that sounds like you got to rehash what you just said and that's not what I mean generation programs are farming can't fly to any farms would you agree with that statement I think we would think of it as sort of a we tend to think of farming practices as kind of a spectrum and I think our goal at NOFA has always been not to be kind of strictly team organic and only supporting organic but to support farmers moving along that spectrum sort of to support organic practices and in some cases even beyond what is specifically required within the organic standards because there is it's possible to go beyond that so I think it's possible for any farm to move in a regenerative direction but I don't think there is a very clearly defined you know set of practices or outcomes that are consistently defined as regenerative I think there's a lot of work that needs to be done actually around clarifying that maybe I could turn the question around a little bit are there any farms that you could not go to a regenerative farming method I think there are a lot of farms that I would not call regenerative as they are being operated now I think for some farms again it really depends on how you're becoming regenerative a lot of people you know some people include farmer and farm worker justice issues in the definition of regenerative in addition to you know soil carbon sequestration and more issues focused around soil health I think the most common definition of regenerative agriculture does circle really closely around this issue of soil health and building topsoil year over year as opposed to losing topsoil which is what a lot of our conventional agricultural practices do right now I think that's the most common way that farms can be viewed as regenerative is really increasing their topsoil and building their soil health and I'm not trying to put you in any category or so consequently using your definition that you just mentioned a few moments ago dealing with soil and the health we have here five farmers all having what you would say are five different farms in the sense of what they produce how they produce it there's nothing to stop them from going to a regenerative process if they aren't at the moment there's nothing to stop them from working toward that again I think it's a spectrum and I think there should be an entry point for any farm from where it is now to become more regenerative by telling less or by putting in pollinator strips or buffer zones again I think it would be hard for me to point to any one farm and say that farm is regenerative because by whose definition is it regenerative there's a lot of farms who are further along on that spectrum in Vermont than others but I think there should be an opportunity for any farm to enter that world and move toward those types of practices I'm not trying to dodge your question I just sincerely don't feel there is one standard well until I become emperor there's only one should we get there we're all going to enter off to start working on drafting that now we took the main thing down Monday of the dog we're going to put him back we're going to get that you're going to be the emperor of agriculture here in Vermont right on the dog that's another permanent position we need and for a thing and what I say goes with that anything else Maddie? no not for me any other questions I was always supposed to listen to her thank you very much thank you very much I appreciate it thanks a lot every day for coming this morning so I guess we'll call it in the morning


What's up everybody? Jason here for jaspyscasebreak.com 2022 Pinini Mosaic football six-box half-case break pick a team number nine just sold out and again guys fresh case ola fresh case so again here's everybody that bought in to number nine number ten has already been posted so if you guys want to run it back grab your teams there as well Alan Murdoch at the last two spot double spot module at the Cardinals and the Tennessee Titans now this is a fresh master so again we're gonna decide right now which six boxes we're using in this one the other six will be used for number ten and again one two three for the top four five six for the bottom see which ones we use here two one two three for the top so the bottom will be for ten and we'll put it tens on there okay here we go yes championship division one football national championship is North Dakota State versus South Dakota State what are the only are the only FES teams producing that's crazy speed in the finals that states just the best North Dakota State is usually in it every year I mean Carson Wentz and and then after Carson Wentz I think it was Easton or not Easton Easton stick and then it was Trey Lance and then I think there's another quarterback there now that's like pretty good but South Dakota State I want to say I think that's where Dallas Goddard went to school but yeah I mean I was no North Dakota States in there but the fact that South Dakota States also in there this year is pretty cool and Cam Taylor Brits out of 99 Jordan Boyer John Dotson and Russell Wilson men of Mastering that actually really cool that's a white parallel number to 7 out of 25 and then we have a easy is a conma Chris Jones oh this one had three autos Christian Watson George Pickens Trisilver Jameson Williams Treydeck was going on man or Treydeck Treydeck Treydeck so yeah this one had three autos one two three when it's only supposed to have two I believe Treydeck all right first box there I just refreshed my chat I don't know my chat's messing up I don't see nothing in my chat right now I know I would love a hot case would love a hot case you're making a bracket of the worst athletes at the moment right now what qualifies them as what qualifies them as the worst athletes or worse athlete auto sorry I read that wrong okay I was gonna say worse athletes down that's crazy I was like what was that I was like what I read that wrong I didn't read the first part that's like worse I think that's horrible oh well sorry just I mean here's your teams so long as it's not one of those teams so you have the Saints Chiefs and Falcons so long as it's not one of those and but uh that's bangles Packers and then dolphins but if you want yeah I can name up the owner of the hit but yeah Dwayne has the bangles Tim Dolphins Packers Simon Swagger Bradshaw Chris Jones what is this guy coming back Lamar Jackson I forgot what these ones were called again that is Jersey number there you go 8 of 15 and Aaron Aaron who always gets the Ravens when he gets an opportunity little color match there yeah definitely do that man I have access to the Twitter here Harvey Romo at with the Cowboys that's a center stage purple to 49 this is a mere wife of the Raiders Jeff with that one Cooper Cove taste some hill for the Saints that one's going to Jason Joe Burrell straight fire let's think we might have points coming up guys and it's 600 points I believe we'll have to randomize that off Romeo dobes next box next auto is Connor Hayward that is Pittsburgh Steelers Chris Butler James Cook for the bills going Jeffery purple to 49 and a superdrive number to 99 ED Eric Deggerson Ramsey Aaron Chris Olavi Brian Robinson Jr. straight fire Tom Brady yeah dude I crazy right I mean I think you only need a $2500 which is goes to show you of course all the support that he has around the football community Jalen Naylor Vikings the 99 and a Traylon Burks for the Titans first-round pick as well Titans Allen Murdock Brock birdie all right three boarded at 49ers Raiders game I didn't get to watch the most of the game bits and pieces of it but we've seen like a very entertaining game to watch did them came out and just kind of like came out pretty good and it made you think was it really the Raiders or was there a car it does suck though in that interception at the end you know he kind of did get hit a little bit so it wasn't fully intentionally on him but fun game though swagger Snoop Connor Jaguars that's Travis Rashad Bateman to 49 overdrive to 25 Jerry Rice Pickens ice Joey B bangles is doing and to 10 gold Kenneth Walker Jason K with the Seahawks that's a very very nice card five of ten gold solid here right there cave on tibidose silver what up Justin well jaw Jason I'll be Machi alright I was having trouble my keyboard earlier today what are you here for the national championship or what Amy and Pierce another good running back there too as well Texans Travis Drake London red James and Williams Chris Carson 49 Russ so just are you guys driving insert case hit Aaron Raj is sweet man are you guys coming from like North Carolina that's a great road trip Packers one of Simon congratulations buddy very nice I know that is a long ride but it should be fun right I just remember driving from Canada to L.A. here it was like a 21-hour drive never again bro I I'm not one of those people that like to enjoy rides like like that I rather are they paid for a flight I like to pace and shit that's probably right Jerome Ford bang well sorry I'm brown loving last one here Stairmaster's Tom Brady I just have to plug that back in this cuz I was gonna take it a to what's his name Patty Mahomes yeah 20 out of 25 very nice one there juice Jason K Kenny Pickett mosaic silver and a razzle dazzle case hit as well Jahan Dotson for Steve very nice haven't gotten an auto for one of those bigger receivers but razzle dazzle nice we have to 49 Jeremy Rucker for the Jets Jets Jets going to add and a Drake London 56 out of 99 for Atlanta going to Jason K very nice way to end this case this half case here guys just like we said early we had an extra auto earlier maybe this isn't one of those hot cases that has multiple case hits and a lot of big hits hiding guys so we do have to do a randomizer for that 600 points we hit earlier but all in all though guys I think it was a pretty solid half case this is second half is in the store with quick little little recap really quick on the autos and bigger hits Jerome Ford Damian Pierce Snoop Conner Traylon Burks Conner Hayward Jeremy Rutkirk to 49 Patrick Mahomes the 25 glass case hit there 600 points the mirror white Zucca Christian Watson Taylor Britt Jersey number eight of 15 Lamar Jackson Drake London auto razzle dazzle and a gold Kenneth Walker so pretty solid there on top of the rest of these autos and then we're gonna switch scenes guys and then we're gonna give away that 600 points but again the second half is on the website get a dice roll list copy the names roll it two and a one three times one two three and it was three times Travis congratulations man appreciate guys next in the store just use caseface.com


Welcome to the ECB podcast, bringing you insights into the world of economics and central banking. My name is Michael Steen and in today's episode we're looking back at the economic response to the coronavirus crisis over the past nine months and ahead to 2021. I'm very happy to say we're joined today with the ECB's chief economist, Philip Lane. Philip, welcome back to the podcast. My pleasure, Michael. So when we last talked on the podcast in May, we were doing so remotely. I think you were in Dublin and I was at my home somewhere outside Frankfurt. It's six months later. We're actually back inside the main building of the ECB, obviously doing this with the right hygiene measures and social distancing and so on. Just that little example shows you that we've learned a little bit about how we live with this virus and that we've adapted our ways of living and working. But how's it been for you? How have you worked through these months? So I mean, I think both the ECB and my own personal experience very much mirrors what we've seen more generally. So in the spring and that period from mid-March really until the end of May, we were in a severe situation where we were all by and large working from home. I spent a lot of time in Dublin at that time. But with the miracle of modern technology, you can work remotely for a sustained period. And really since then, it's been much more of a halfway house between normality. And then right now, here we are in mid-December with maybe less in the office, more working from home. And that's been the experience with the ECB. It's been my experience. Lots of more time away from the head office here, but actually this autumn, quite a bit of time back in the office. And I think, as you indicated, that's partly we're learning to live with the virus. You managed in the spring as the chief economist and the member of the governing council to take some pretty big decisions. And doing all that whilst working with your team at the ECB, with everyone in their houses, I guess. And then the governing council also meeting in this remote format. Do you have any observations or particular things you want to share about how that was? Well, I think we will all spend time at some point looking back and trying to recall that period with some perspective. But I think multi-policy and maybe the policy word in general, unfortunately, this is not the first crisis. And so in many ways, the lessons from the previous major crisis, the global financial crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis did mean we had a lot of experience about how to respond to a crisis. But I think we can look back to that period and, of course, not everything was going to be perfect. But I think by and large, the number one job for a central bank in that severe acute phase of a crisis is to provide stability, to stabilise. And we did that. So those big decisions, the pandemic, emergency purchase program, the cheap funding for banks, the teltrose and a lot of other measures, also measures by our banking supervisors, those were sort of born of the crisis in the crisis. And if you look back at the year, how happy are you about how those have worked and what are your reflections? So I think there are three goals. One was to stabilise. And because there was a lot of market dislocation at that time, the immediate priority was to stabilise financial markets. The second, we know quite often there's a credit squeeze. When firms are in trouble, the natural temptation, of course, is for banks to become more cautious. So we knew we had to offset that instinct, that impulse towards tighter credit. And that's where the teltrose came in, the targeted lending program. And then the third is when you have this large shock. Now, of course, at the immediate lockdown, you have to accept. I mean, if there's a public health emergency, you have to accept economic activity is going to fall. But in order to support the recovery, to enable the recovery from those declines to be as rapid as possible, that's where general monetary policy support kicks in. And so we needed a monetary policy to be sufficiently accommodative in order for the economy to get through this pandemic period. And that remains the challenge. You mentioned already the previous crisis, like the sovereign debt crisis and the great financial crisis. A bit difference here was that it was also hand-in-hand with fiscal policy in some ways. Can you talk a bit about what was the fiscal element here that was so important? Well, I mean, if you go back to the very start financial crisis, so in 0809, there was fiscal support then as well. Later on, when you had the kind of difficulty of deciding how quickly to renormalize fiscal policy in 2010, 2011, 2012, as we know in Europe, that caused a lot of problems. But the initial crisis response was was directionally similar in 2008, 2009. There was an extra rule for fiscal policy because the pandemic hits sectors very differently. There are some sectors which benefit, so the kind of high-tech sectors, which are happiness work from home, shop from home, have benefited, but travel, tourism, entertainment, restaurants have been heavily hit. And monetary policy works for the whole economy. When we need to have policies that support workers and firms in individual sectors, then that's where fiscal policy needs to take a lead. And we've seen it. We've seen extraordinary fiscal policy this year, and we're going to continue to need extraordinary fiscal policy in the next year or two. We're now recording this sort of in the nearly mid-December. It's just after both another governing council meeting where big decisions were taken and actually also significant decisions were taken in Brussels, more on the fiscal support side. The most recent measures that the ECB took, what have we done and why did we see the need to do more, I guess? So I think the key word about this is to prolong. So what we've gotten right now is a second wave. Now we always kind of knew there would be a recurrence of the virus to some degree this winter, but it's turned out that actually as we know now here we are in mid-December and across Europe there are restrictions of varying severity, restricting, again, services, those sectors which rely on social interaction. So as we indicated now, we think we have a recession again in these last months of the year. And so what that has essentially meant is the pathway out of the pandemic. We remain very confident, and now the news of the vaccine, I think we have a clear vision of the exit from this pandemic. But to form the bridge from now when we're in recession, when there's many firms losing money again, many workers who are at risk, to form the bridge to the other side, which we think about as spring 2022 essentially, 15, 18 months from now, that's why essentially we've reorganized, we've recalibrated the PEP and the TELTROS to get us to that point. And I think that's what a central bank is for, is to provide stability, to provide that kind of pathway to allow the economy to get through this, to support the economic recovery, and as you say, hand-in-hand to make sure that fiscal policy can obtain the funding needed to provide the fiscal support we need. And in that context, I think it's very important that we did get this agreement at the European Council. The Next Generation EU Fund will essentially be a major driver of economic activity for the next five years. And it's important we understand that we have a vision that will help the economy as they not just get through the immediate crisis, but also has a clear momentum that will help us in the post-pandemic recovery period. Okay, and you mentioned already that it's a slightly difficult kind of situation because there's the positive news on the vaccine, but the recession, I mean, I think the ECB staff forecast that there's a 2% contraction in gross domestic products in the fourth quarter. But at the same time, you also said the economic impact is less than the first wave. So there's quite a lot of information there, a lot of things to consider. So let me emphasize is that normally when it's dated as a 2% recession in one quarter, that would be... That's a big number, right? That is a dramatically big number. But because we had a 15 percentage point decline in the first half of this year, of course, rather to that, it's a much smaller number, but it's still a pretty big dent in the economy. Now, again, we do think quarter three this year, July, August, September, showed that the economy can come back quite quickly. So we are quite confident that there will be a significant recovery in the economy and in the inflation process. But we have such a big decline. I mean, I think maybe the better number to think about is the European economy right now is about 7 percentage points smaller than it was a year ago. So this is a really big decline. We understand the reasons for it. We are confident as the virus becomes contained and especially as the vaccines get rolled out that there will be a good recovery, but it's going to take a while. The vaccine will not instantaneously create the new jobs, create the new demand. And so there's probably a mismatch. So the financial markets can respond immediately to the vaccine news, but we do think the economy will take those 18 months. If you like, we think 2019 GDP will be recovered towards the second half of 2022. So, you know, the story of next year is going to be a major program of activity to get the vaccines rolled out. And then in the meantime, of course, the ECB has nothing special to add in terms of public health advice, but in terms of making sure the financing conditions are there to make sure that there's no interruption to the recovery process. That's our job. So we're building this bridge and that it's keeping financing conditions favourable. And the way we do that, there's two big parts of it, aren't there? There's the pandemic emergency purchases and also the TLTROs. We've mentioned both, but maybe we should just touch on both briefly. But maybe I just thought that underneath those two programs, because remember, maybe it's always the case that the most important policy tool at the Central Bank has is the short-term interest rate, which we have kept at a low level minus 0.5, because that very low level essentially enables and is the platform both for the PEP and for the targeted lending program. And the other part of the efficient route is not so much to have further cuts in the policy rates right now, but to focus on having the support for the longer-term funding. So when we do these asset purchases where we're buying sovereign bonds, corporate bonds of different maturities, it provides support for long-term funding, not just short-term funding. And that's very important for those who need to borrow to get through this crisis. And then the targeted lending program provides an incentive relative to the policy rate. And it's very important for that because we know when firms are losing money. We know when the overall economic environment has some clouds in it. Resisting that, countering that through a targeted lending program, we think is quite effective. Now the targeted lending, that works by the ECB giving banks very, very cheap access to money to help them lend on. Some people don't like the sound of that. They sort of say, well, why are you giving the banks all this money? Can you explain the rationale? I would try not to use phrases you use because it's actually not the case we're transferring money to the banks. They borrow the money, they offer collateral. The banks still are taking the risk. They're taking the risk of lending to firms, small firms, lending to micro enterprises, lending to individual traders. And essentially in a recession, typically the natural instinct for a bank is say, look, there's more risk about it. We need to either lend less or raise our lending rate to allow for a bigger risk premium. And what targeted lending does is essentially fight against that because by providing access to cheaper funding, it means that maybe the lending rate can be stabilized rather than going up. And that's essentially how it's working. We look at our tools and it's very clear that one of the dangers to price stability is if this recession were made worth by a credit squeeze. That's when banks stop lending basically. Right, exactly. And you can understand the spiral you get there. Going back to this phrase we're using quite a bit these days about favorable financing conditions. It really should not be taken for granted. Recessions tend to take on their own dynamic where there's this real financial interaction which is poor economic prospects make banks pull back. And if banks pull back more firms are unable to invest or to keep on financing their work in capital which makes the recession deeper. You've already talked a bit about the vaccine and how we're not sure quite what that means but how important it is and obviously that's not our role but it's a key input into what the economic story of next year will be. But it means also you are actually having to look a lot of health stuff more than normal. I mean that in terms of the economic projections these forecasts we make you and the teams of economists working for you now delving into understanding this a lot more to try and figure out well what can we say about next year? Could you talk about that a little more? The first of May we get about three scenarios. A baseline and then a kind of a severe scenario what happens if this pandemic gets worse and a milder scenario what happens if this good news arrives earlier. And I think that framework has worked very well. Back in May the team I think made the correct assessment is over time we would learn to live with the virus. So the same amount of infections now in terms of the economic hit is less than in the spring because both the health systems have learned how to deal with cases and retail has learned how to offer alternative ways of shopping we've learned how to reorganize manufacturing factories construction sites to reconcile social distancing maintaining a production. So I think they've done a really good job of being quantitatively I think a reasonable approach. But let me come back to this basic point it remains uncertain and that's one of the key words in thinking about next year and this is why if you like in our policy announcement yesterday we emphasized our flexible approach and our commitment is essentially to maintain conditions at a favorable level in order to allow the European economy to you know get out of this situation this bridge towards the post-pandemic period and that I think is the appropriate way to deal with what we have which is next year you know we think there's going to be a lot of news we've already got of course now in the UK at the initial people receiving vaccines that's going to be the story here in the Euro area very quickly and so we're going to learn a lot next year about how quickly the logistics can work we're going to learn a lot over time about how much protection these vaccines provide we may well have to encounter some disappointing news but we think the history of any big project sometimes is a bump in the road and again I think the fundamental philosophy of any central bank is to be a stabilizing force to deal with the good news to deal with the bad news OK I mean just quickly so the bad news I mean you've talked already in a speech in November about how young people often are the ones who lose their jobs first there's also lots of questions on what is the lasting kind of economic damage is there so-called scarring I mean do you have any further thoughts on that I'm pretty sure there'll be more scarring the more we tolerate a deepening of this recession so we very much are focused from our monetary policy point of view in doing what we can and of course the lead role is with fiscal policy so whether that's accelerating imperatives that were needed anyway such as digitalization and investing for the carbon transition whether it's providing support for those firms which are perfectly viable but they're just taking a big revenue hit right now and also recognizing in some cases there will need to be retraining, reallocation towards those sectors which look like they're going to grow more quickly and away from those sectors and we have to have a longer term adjustment okay and you're hinting there that there's also some seeds of hope in that right because there's also positive things that can come out of this there's a little bit of serendipity because of course changes in how we live and how we work creates new opportunities and we see that everywhere that businesses are responding so it's partly that it's just the serendipity of how the world adapts partly it's conscious, it's conscious in the sense of right now when there's a lot of spare capacity it's very good timing for governments to step forward to accelerate public investment and through the various support schemes also support those firms which have a financial problem but in terms of their economic contribution can make a very good economic contribution post pandemic okay before we let you go so the final question you've talked a lot about how we're building this bridge we're trying to maintain favorable financing conditions and how busy that's going to be actually for next year do you have any other big issues on your agenda for 2021? well Michael I mean you may have noticed that we've also been quite busy but maybe in a quiet way with the monetary policy strategy review yes we are you know doing public events we're listening and I think that's been very interesting this autumn to listen to different groups but it's a huge internal project for the ECB for the National Central Banks for sure 2021 is going to be busy not just with whatever's happening in the world but we're also trying to bring this strategy review to a successful conclusion and in a sentence how do you define the strategy review what's the aim there? well the aim is really I mean as you know it's been essentially 18 years since the last one is to at one level to validate or to cross check are we on the right path it's always good to test yourself and look at benchmarks and so on but also we know the world has changed we know the world has changed in terms of digitalization, climate change demography we're in a world where we know there's a lot of forces pushing down interest rates real forces if you like how a central bank can operate or should operate in that world is super important we're learning a lot, we know a lot but in the end we have to draw conclusions and that's really going to be the big project for this year is to bring all of that together and formulate a strategy that will bring us into the coming years okay Philip it sounds like it's going to be a very busy 2021 so I want to wish you a relaxing Christmas with your family in Dublin and see you in January thank you Michael and thank you to you and all your colleagues also okay this brings us to the end of this episode we've seen how since the coronavirus crisis hit Europe there's been great progress to support the economy and pave the way for an economic recovery policymakers have acted decisively to mitigate the impact of the virus on the economy and support all European citizens but as we just heard from Philip uncertainty prevails the virus is going to keep everyone busy for some months to come even with the good news on the vaccination we'd love to hear your feedback and thoughts for future episodes via social media you've been listening to the ECB podcast with Michael Steen if you like what you've heard please do subscribe and leave us a review until next time, thanks for listening


All right guys, this is the brand new released Gin X. I've been trying this out for a few days now and I've got the top variation model. It comes in three different variations. This one at the time of the video is 1,090 pounds. This is the world's cheapest premium hybrid e-bike and I say premium because it has a lot of features and specifications whereby in any other bike that would cost over 1,400 pounds and I'll cover that in a second. And I say hybrid because not only is it great for commuting on city roads, but you can take it off-road to mountainous areas, to hills, grass and all different types of trains. Let's get into it. Okay, let's just talk about the top three variations. This one, like I mentioned, is top tier because you get this double-sided pannier bag that sits right on top of the rear rack that you can also maybe set your child on or put any other groceries and backpacks or anything like that. Sports up to like 50 kilograms of weight which I think is great but you can also get the cheaper model if you want to remove either the bag and if also you wanted to remove the rear rack as well to save a little bit more cost. Okay, so why is this a premium e-bike? Take a look at the screenshot that I'm showing you on the video now and pause the video if you'd like to read more details about it or click on the link in the description if you wanted to find out more detailed specifications about the e-bike. But now I'm going to talk a little bit more about some of these features in more detail. Okay, starting off, let's talk about these tires that make it suitable for all terrains. These are 27 and a half inch tires and they are 2.1 inch thick. So they would be considered a little bit more like fat tires which allow it to easily be rideable off-road in hilly areas, maybe with a lot of pebble stones and just more hard and rough surfaces. Okay, so I just want to talk about this derailleur. This is the Shimano Altus. Typically a lot of bikes in this range use the Shimano Tourney and the Tourney is usually found in like budget e-bikes where you can use the e-bike for everyday normal rides but on the other hand, the Altus derailleur provides greater help when you are using this bike for off-road riding. And you'll really notice the difference when you start shifting gears, you'll feel that it's much more smoother when you're using the Altus. And plus, I would say the Altus requires relatively less maintenance than the Tourney over many, many years. You also have a KMC Rust-free train which is going to be very important especially if you're going to keep this bike very long-term. Along the front, you have pretty powerful suspensions which again, is very important especially if you are going to take this off-road and drive through rough surfaces. The bike itself has hydraulic brakes and this is key for making this a premium e-bike because most of the bikes in this price range, you're not going to get any hydraulic brakes on them and traditionally you'll just have mechanical brakes. So I think that is a big win with the Gin X. Okay, let's turn on the bike. You hold down the mode button here on the left. And this is a large digital display which is great. You've got your miles per hour there at the top for your top speed. The bike at the moment is unlocked. So this will go roughly around 30 miles per hour maybe slightly more. And that's with the full electric plus pedal assistance mode. You've got the battery level there so I've charged it fully with 100% and we'll talk about the battery in a second. Pedal assist, you've got five different modes on here so you press the arrow buttons. One, two, three, four and five. If you're in the middle of a ride and you wanted to maybe go back to manual then you can just go to zero and this will stop you from using any pedal assistance. And then you've got the odometer at the bottom to tell you how much mileage you've actually ridden on the bike itself. Now what you guys can't see is just underneath the digital display there is a USB port. So you can actually charge your phone whilst you're riding and mount that onto your handlebar. So I think that's a great feature to have. And then you have the throttle here. So you can use your left thumb and you press that down and then you can go either full electric or pedal assistance and really pick up the speed as well. So I think that's great and it's probably in the most comfortable position for me. Okay, so just to showcase you guys how fast this actually goes. I'm on a pedal assist level one. So I'm just going to tilt it on the kickstand pressing the throttle. Let's move it up to pedal assist two, three, four and lastly, number five. So this will give you a max speed on around 32 miles per hour unlocked which this one is. And now let me show you by pressing the hydraulic brakes how it quickly stops instant. Now that's one of the key things of having hydraulic brakes rather than mechanical brakes. For me personally, if you are going to be riding at high speeds, this is going to be very important if you wanted to stop all of a sudden for your safety. So that is a big win for me. So in terms of the build of the bike, it is made of pure aluminum alloy. It weighs 19 kilograms which is actually a little bit lighter than some of the e-bikes I've reviewed in the past. It's pretty easy for me to pick up. So if you wanted to maybe take off the front wheel and to store this in your car, it's very easy to do that. And sometimes you may not need an additional person to help you. One thing I also wanted to mention from a security point of view is the battery on the e-bike is in the lower frame here. But from an external perspective, when you're first looking at the bike, you can't tell there's a battery in here because it's actually hidden inside, slotted in from the bottom. So you'd have to put your bike on the ground to put the battery in. A lot of the e-bikes out there, the battery is removable from outside. And it's very visible and you see the key lock and everything like that. And it could also be a target, for example, for bike thieves that maybe want to steal your battery if you do leave it in there and you're away from your bike. So I'm gonna show you now where the battery is located and how to charge it up and how to lock it in place. And I just think that's really important when you do have an e-bike nowadays is to keep it hidden as much as possible so that from a distance, it doesn't even look like an e-bike. So first you lean it down and there you can see the battery key, the power and the few switch is just there at the bottom and the entire thing gets removed from here. Now this is a 615 watt hour battery which has 48 volts and it will give you a range of over 75 miles of riding. I think that's great and there's no other e-bike especially in this price range that can allow the battery to be this large in this much capacity. A lot of the e-bikes around the 1,000 pound price mark would probably give you a 40 mile range and would probably have 350 watt hour battery capacity. So 615 watt hour battery capacity on the Gin X for me is personally one of the best that I've seen and one of the highest. So that's something I really can't fault. So the power is on but you can also switch the power off and having the manual switch like that is quite important. To take the battery out, you unlock it with the key. And there we go. That is the very large battery pack. This is where you can charge it.  And it takes about maybe four hours to fully charge it which is actually a really good amount of time. And then here you have the few switch. This is very important from a safety point of view because if you have too much current coming into the battery when you're charging or maybe you're using the wrong type of charger or your socket doesn't give you the right voltage output then this prevents it from sparking or causing any problems with the battery. And it will really prevent any fires from happening. So the ideal height for riding this bike is between five foot four and six foot four. But the seat is also adjustable so you can just unclip, rotate, elevate the seat a little bit higher and lock it back in place. The saddle itself is the standard version which is where some of the cost savings come from. So this one might get a little bit uncomfortable if you ride it for very, very long time but they also sell a more premium padded saddle on their website. So do check out the Gin E-Bikes website in the link down below and you can buy one even if it's not from them you can buy one from anywhere else. It's very universal and you can swap it out and they sell a whole load of accessories as well. This also has a light that comes on at the front here. It's pretty bright.  So that's quite important to have and at the back you only have the red reflector light which is not powered by any battery or anything like that. So there's one other feature that I really wanted to mention is the automatic throttle for walking. Essentially it's like a walk mode. If for example you really want to push your bike up a very steep incline or onto a hill and you're struggling a little bit. Once the bike is on all you have to do is hold down the down arrow and it will kick start with an automatic throttle. You have to keep it pressed down for it to give you the assistance and once you let go then it will stop giving you that extra assistance. So I'm gonna show you case an example in my garden because I don't have any steep incline around me. Just gonna do a little circle but once I hold down the down button on the unit just on the left it will start to push itself. You'll get an icon on the screen with a little walking person on there and let's see how that performs. So close the kickstand, hold it down. It's pushing itself. I'm not giving any movement. Once you let go it just comes to a stop. I think that's very useful as well. So if you do live in maybe mountainous or hilly areas and you don't have the ability to maybe ride up that hill or maybe you're out of battery then this is going to be very important to just give you that extra boost. So now there's nothing left to do except to take it out for a ride and give you guys a performance review. Okay so having ridden this on the roads I felt like it was very comfortable. I felt very secure and very steady. Personally the ride was super smooth and because of the thicker tires I felt like I was more comfortable riding over little bumps maybe a few potholes here and there and it wouldn't cause any problems. If I wanted to jump onto a curb which didn't have any drop curb and I felt very comfortable doing that as well. With the weight of the bike it makes it a lot more smoother as well because it is lighter and it feels like you're gliding a little bit more easily. I feel like the heavier the bike the harder it is to do those sudden twists and turns whenever you need to. When the bike is a little bit more lighter then it's much more easier to really you know shift your direction and movement according to your ride. When I was riding it off road I was going through these bike trails in the country park and there were very different types of surfaces and terrains they were very rough ones they were smooth ones there was bumpy ones, rocky ones and this handled it very well. I was able to really use the pedo assist to get through the more rougher surfaces. If I needed to use the throttle I could have used it and from a safety point of view I do try to avoid using the throttle when it is in rougher areas just in case you do happen to fall then it would be a rougher landing and you don't want to have that type of landing when you are going at quite high speeds. But having said that with the suspension I think it's really handled it well I was able to shift gears very easily and to compensate for the different types of surfaces and the level of difficulty I would have to pedal. Having a pannier bag on the rear rack which is full of my equipment and I've got my camera equipment and my recording equipment I felt like I was quite secure because it is tied down it has cable straps that attach to the rack I didn't feel like it would interfere into the wheel it doesn't touch it in any way and I felt like it's not going to fly off or cause any problems so that again is also quite an important thing when you do keep very valuable items in that rear bag. Hello, how are you? Good, how are you? Guys, this is Rahul he's one of the co-founders of Gin E-Bikes and I brought him along with me today to ask him a few questions. So Rahul, I just wanted to find out a little bit more about the cycle scheme that you use for Gin E-Bikes. Yeah, so we are registered with cycle scheme and bike to work and couple of more providers so we want every employer and employee to be facilitated in such a way that affording an electric bike becomes a lot easier for them. Okay, perfect. And can you tell me a little bit more about the free test ride that you offer with these? Yeah, one thing which we we brainstormed around this a lot and we wanted to make sure that make sure that if someone is buying an electric bike which costs them like 1000 pounds or even more they are like comfortably in a position that they exactly know that the frame structure, the bike quality and everything is perfect for them so that once they have bought it there should not be any issue, you know? Yeah, and it's just like buying a car, right? You always do a test ride beforehand. And my final question is how is this bike so premium at just around the 1000 price mark? I'm quite surprised. Well, the short answer is we are, I mean, not focused as a company over the profits. So what we are doing is we are basically cutting down our profits and maintaining premium features. So what's happening is we are able to bring down the entire even though the cost of production remains same the cost of selling goes down substantially lower because we have cut down our margins substantially. Awesome, perfect. Well, I appreciate that and hopefully that helps you guys understand a little bit more about useful information if you are making a decision to buy an e-bike. Thank you very much for that. Thanks, thanks very much. Bye bye. So hopefully you found that review very useful, guys. I'm super happy with this. Take a look at the Gin e-bikes website with the link in the description. Check out the details specifications of this bike and all of the other bikes. The website is very clearly laid out. The purchase process is so simple and it's very easy to follow. They even showcase why this is better than some of the competitors out there which is very useful information for you guys to know. And if you guys are on the market for a new e-bike definitely check out the Gin X and even better I've got a 50 pound discount code for you guys. So make sure to check out that coupon code in my description box to save even more money on something that's already so affordable. They also provide 28 days money back guarantee in case you change your mind. And if you do go ahead and buy this bike you have five years warranty as well. What more can you ask for? New reviews out every week. I review tech gadgets. I review a lot of things including bikes like this. And if you guys do have any comments or if you want to provide any feedback then drop a comment down below as well. Make sure to like this video and I will catch you guys at the next time. Take care.


Part 2! Part 2! Part 2! Watch along of Pad Man. The man with the pads. Yes. And if you're seeing this on YouTube, you're going to see a very good version. If you like to see the full-on cut version though, you can add it to Patreon. I'll put a little description below and then comment so you can go check that out. And let's just back into this, huh? Let's do it. Excuse me? So on average, 5 days a month, times 12 months, 60 days out of the year, 2 full months where a woman has to feel completely ashamed and isolated and alone because her normal flow is considered impure. Yeah. Lovely world. If I heard somebody talking to the women in my life the way some of these men, or females as well, they would not be in my house. I don't think I'd be able to stop. Yeah. No way. No way. It'd be like a natural reaction. You say ganji? Is that what ganji means? Knowledge? I love this guy. It's just undaunted. I don't even get my professor. Forget him. There's no knowledge of the whole world. What kind of knowledge do you want?   He's a magician. But why do you want him? God, dude. I'm just a white guy just with a voice message. Is this a robot? It's even bad just doing a voiceover. Yes, yes, yes. Too much money. The end, the end.  Looks like someone else's box is here. The dog's gonna pee on it. So it comes in sheets and then you have to shred it.    How can a person not be able to protect a woman? Nice line. Nice line. And its price is just a few crores. Crores? Yes, yes. What are crores for you?  You have uneducated emotions.  Be a man.  New Akshay. Chaptashan. I don't want to make a pad. Wow, you're in a hurry. By the way, where are you going? I want to make a machine that can make a pad. Thank you for the knowledge. Okay, son. Pusashan. Chaptashan. Potlition. Saafsutrashan. Why do you need a machine to do four small things? Talk about doing something completely selfless and wonderful. You need four small cheap machines. Totally lighting. Pusashan. Now where are you? I don't want to pay. Just do it. Sir, if you don't want to pay, then you don't want to pay. I'll talk to you later. If you don't return the money in a year, then I'll die. Thank you, sir. Chaptashan. Pusashan. 6000 crores investing, send sample, address. You are also a very weak man. You are also a weak man. It's a UV chamber. It keeps the windows clean. Will it open? It will. Not today. It will open tomorrow. It will open tomorrow. What kind of a place is this?  It's a country. Seriously. Give me your hand. Did this really happen? This is so serendipitous. Maybe not at this exact moment. Is there any woman? I don't know. I don't know anything about it. What do you want? We have forgotten everything. Do you want a pad? You came to the right guy. I just happened to have one in my pocket. Why does this guy have so many pads? He's the superhero Padman. What? Padman. What? Brother, you? But he's the same guy who took out the pad magically from his pocket last night. Thank you. How bad is bakwas thik bakwas ya kamal Is this food? bakwas thik ya kamal bakwas What are you talking about? bakwas There's more bakwas than this than any film. bakwas bakwas You don't know how much I'm worried to hear these words. Okay? I made this with my own hands. Now it's my first drop. He'll come back. Are you still dreaming of coming back? You should be ashamed. He's a decent guy. He'll never change. You're immoral, bro. Yeah. I have a button for you. Time changes everyone. He'll come back. Marachan Alright. Gayatri, are you listening? Are you done? You definitely should have been. Gayatri. Yeah, for sure. The first question should have been how are you, honey? We'll get there in a few hours. There are only a few nights of sleep.  Can I give you a beatback? If the pad sticks to one side, it'll sit better. And it could use some wings. Oh, my God.   What? Put the key in the rice and put it with it. It's a South Indian recipe called Vitta Kolambu. If you want to eat it, come to Chennai. I said, come to Delhi. I'll give you Vitta Kolambu so that you can eat it. Good South Indian food. Delhi is the place to do it. I thought that before feeding it, it was a year ago. When did you leave? Money. Go back. Otherwise, I'll start your mother. Yes, I'll take your money. When? It's you, right? And he took money from you? I'm a driver, sir. Can you come to Delhi and buy your entire machine? Delhi? India's biggest innovation competition. I wish for Vitta. It'll be rewarded for 2 lakh rupees. You want money, right? Yes. Give me 500 rupees. 100 rupees. Such a selfless man. Kill, kill. Kill all. Kill all. Not a great presenter, but it doesn't matter. Ready. This, this automatic. This machine giving that 2 rupees. Only 2 rupees. Only 2 rupees. Susu coming. Susu's money. So ladies and gentlemen, Vachan and the cash prize of rupees 2 lakhs. It's made of mud. It's a refrigerator without electricity. Mud is cool.  He's got the President's Award. For the life-changing innovation of the year. Oh my God. What was that? He's the Vice President. Come on. America has Superman, Batman, Spider-Man. But he has a Batman near India. He's gone crazy. What will happen? Gayatri. Yes. Oh it makes it all better now. He's a star and Namitabh Bachchan likes him. So now he didn't do anything wrong. I don't understand.  Your patent will come soon. IIT will make sure. That's a big deal.  And charge 55 rupees. How can you do this? Too fast. How can you do this? Too fast. And the faces come back out. Congratulations. Thank you. Give this money to the old woman and give her your number. Keep giving her the news. Besides, what will I do after coming back? Take care of yourself. What are you doing here? I'll do it. Start practicing to show your face. The women in the village didn't just understand your patent. They didn't just take your patent but also gave money to your patent. How did you do this? She's a woman. Who am I?  I'm a woman. Only a woman can talk to a woman. Unfortunately. She's a young woman. Who is she? She's the first woman to take our patent.  Mom, you've washed your hands. If you didn't know how to work, what would you have done? How was the pad?  Is this the light of Ruhi's bottle of alading? That she's going to wash her tears? Yeah, well, if she works for him. Wait and watch. Wow. No, no. No. Look, look, look. In India, only 12% of women use pads. I heard this from someone.  So that thousands of pad factories can be opened in villages and villages. The bank will pay back the money. Once the loan is paid, the machine will be theirs. You make the machine and give it to the women. Women make the pad and pay the loan. They run the factory themselves and earn daily. She's so nice. They run away as soon as they start. They don't come to school for 4 days. They suffer from studies. They don't change their clothes in school. They don't need to stay at home for 5 days. They can go to school easily. Why they should be free? No, no, no. I think it's platonic. I think it's a very brother-sister relationship. I don't know about that. I'm not allowed to be proud of him. Her? No, none of them. Even his wife? Okay, Roddy could do whatever she wants. What's her number? Her number? Hi, hi, baby. One, one, one. I see her far more as a victim than the others, very much as oppressors. Yes, yes. This is Lakshmi Enterprises. The United Nations? It's laksmi.interprises at hotmail.com. Hotmail. Yes, yes. The women are standing at the river bank. We request you, Komala. Should be Canada, am I right? Gazak. Gazak. Gazak. Who's first Everest man? Tenzing. Tenzing. Who's first Padman? Lakshmikanth Chauhan. Everybody praying, God, please, please, please, Baba. No problem. Give me no problem. No problem. You want no problem? Die. No problem. Simple. I not study IIT. But IIT study me. Giving me award. She's so controlled by fear so much.  Yeah, you got that right. Damn straight. Woman strong, mother strong, sister strong, then country strong. Shabazz. I want one million more women having job, bad business.  I come back to United Nation and you are listening. My linguist again. Good night. Thank you. Son of a ****. Got ya. Got me. This is, this is, I'll say it now. This is my favorite Akshay performance. Hey there people, there are two reaction to Padman. How about those pads? You know, why is it called a period? And today. Wait what? What's the etymology of that? Why is it called a period? A period of the month maybe? I don't know. I don't know. Maybe that's it. I don't know. Maybe it is, maybe it's because it's a period of the month.  Yeah, but why wouldn't it be time? A time. It's a time. Well, some people say a time of the month. They do. But if, some people have code words. Yeah. Like Aunt Ruth has come to town. Anyways, if you tell us in each cell if you have a version, if you have a link up version, they'll get every page, I don't know the link description, but it comes, you can go check that out. And Autobot 3!