A very good evening to all our friends and welcome to the Hindu News Analysis of Shankar IAS Academy for the date 29th September 2020. The list of the news articles taken up for today's discussion along with the page numbers of five different editions is given here for your reference. Let us now begin our news analysis. So first let us have this news article which talks about the North East Mansoon. The news is with reference to the climate outlook in South Asia which was released by the South Asian Climate Outlook Forum. So in this context let us have a brief understanding of North East Mansoon and then the South Asian Climate Outlook Forum. The syllabus relevant for this analysis is highlighted here for your reference. Please go through it. First let us start with the word Mansoon. See the word Mansoon is originated from the Arabic word Mausam which means season. So it is the seasonal reversals of the wind direction along the shores of the Indian Ocean especially in the Arabian Sea. It blows from the southwest during one half of the year and from the northeast during the other half. So Mansoons are seasonal winds which reverse their direction with the change of the season. So we can say that Mansoon is a double system of seasonal winds. That means they flow from the sea to land during the summer and from land to sea during the winter. The summer part is called Southwest Mansoon and the winter part is called Northeast Mansoon. Here we should know that the Mansoons are more pronounced in the Indian subcontinent compared to any other region. So what sets the formation of Mansoon? See during the summer in the northern hemisphere due to high temperatures a low pressure system will be formed over the Tibet and Platu. So the intertropical convergence zone moves northward due to apparent movement of the sun. So the southwest Mansoons are formed due to this. And during winter with the apparent southward movement of the sun the intertropical convergence zone also moves southward and due to this the wind system is reversed and this leads to the formation of northeast Mansoon. And know that southwest Mansoons bring intense rainfall to most of the regions of India. And the northeast Mansoons bring rainfall to mainly southeastern cost of India like the Tamil Nadu and parts of Andhra Pradesh etc. Now let us discuss the factors which are responsible for the formation of northeast Mansoon. First is the formation and strengthening of high pressure system over the Tibetan Platu and Siberian Platu in the winter. So this is the first factor responsible for the formation of northeast Mansoon. And the second factor is the westward migration and subsequent weakening of the high pressure system in the southern Indian Ocean. And third the migration of intertropical convergence zone to the south of India during winter. See when we talk about intertropical convergence zone it is a belt of low pressure which encircles the earth generally near the equator. So it is the zone where the trade winds of northern and southern hemispheres merge. So the intertropical convergence zone follows the sun so that the position varies seasonally. It moves to the north in the northern summer and to the south in the northern winter. So now let us discuss the role of these factors in detail. See during the summer sun's position is apparently over the tropic of cancer. This results in a low pressure system due to high temperatures in the central Asia. At the same time pressure over the Indian Ocean is sufficiently high due to the differential heating of land and water. We know that land heats and cools faster than water. So during summer due to high temperatures the heat of the land will be high compared to the heat in the ocean. And this creates a high pressure in the ocean compared to a low pressure over the land. And we know that wind flows from the high pressure system to low pressure system. So here in summer winds flow from ocean to the land mass. So this results in the south west monsoon. And what happens in the winter? See in winter the sun's apparent position is vertically over the tropic of Capricorn. And we know that tropic of Capricorn is in the southern hemisphere. So as a result the pressure system in the northern hemisphere is reversed. That is we have a high pressure over the land and a low pressure over the sea.  So during winter the land mass will be cooler compared to the surrounding ocean which is warmer. So there will be a high pressure over the land and low pressure over the ocean. So obviously the winds flow from the high pressure area that is the northeastern part of Indian subcontinent to the low pressure area. And during this phenomenon parts of wind passes through the Bay of Bengal and absorbs some water. And this water is precipitated upon reaching the land in south eastern parts of the country that is Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. Thus the flow of the monsoon is reversed to form north east monsoons. See the north east monsoon advances as soon as the south west monsoon retreats. Now let us see today's news. See today's news is that north east monsoon this year may be below normal in southern parts of the Tamil Nadu. However western and northern parts of the state are likely to have normal rainfall. So as said before this monsoon forecasts are part of the South Asian Climate Outlook forums climate outlook in South Asia. So what is this South Asian climate outlook forum? See South Asian climate outlook forum prepares consensus seasonal climate information on a regional scale. So this consensus seasonal climate information provides a consistent basis for preparing national level outlooks. See the South Asian nations supported by the World Meteorological Organization that is WMO have been conducting the South Asian seasonal climate outlook forum. And it is being conducted since 2010. In simpler terms the South Asian seasonal climate outlook forum is a grouping of meteorologists and hydrologists of South Asian seasonal climate outlook forums member countries. Here the member countries include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. So there are totally 9 nations as its members. So in this discussion we talked about north east monsoon, how it is formed and also about the South Asian climate outlook forum. With this we will move on to the next news. Now this news article is about the recent clashes that are happening between Armenia and Azerbaijan in the region called Nagorno-Karabakh. And yesterday also we had a news article which was related to this particular conflict. So let us discuss in detail about the geography and the strategic importance of the region and also on the background behind this particular conflict. The syllabus relevant for this analysis is highlighted here for your reference. Please go through it. Now as you can see in this map, Armenia is a landlocked country surrounded by countries such as Georgia in the north, Azerbaijan in the east and southwest, then Iran in the south and Turkey in the west. Now if you look at Azerbaijan it is not contagious. The main territory is surrounded by Iran in the south, Armenia in the west, Georgia in the northwest, Russia in the north and Caspian Sea in the east. And this territory called Nahi-Civan is surrounded by Armenia in the east and north, Iran in the south and west and in the northeast a small portion by Turkey. So remember Turkey, Iran and Georgia are the common neighbors of both Armenia and Azerbaijan who are themselves neighbors as well. And you might have studied that Caucasus Mountains separate Asia and Europe. They extend from Black Sea until Caspian Sea across the countries of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Russia as you can see in this map. The lesser Caucasus Mountains are spread between Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. And the Nagorno-Karabakh region which we are going to see is a part of this lesser Caucasus region. And this region is called Artsakh which is an ancient Armenian name for this area. See both Armenia and Azerbaijan was once part of the erstwhile USSR that is the Soviet Union. And this Nagorno-Karabakh region was part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Now after the end of the First World War and the Russian or Bolshevik Revolution, the new Soviet rulers established the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region within the Soviet Socialist Republic of Azerbaijan in the early 1920s. And this region is populated by the ethnic Armenians who are Christians and ethnic Turkic Azeris who are Muslims and know that the ethnic Armenians were the majority. And though there were clashes between the two groups, they lived relatively peacefully until the dissolution of Soviet Union. And in the end of 1980s, the Nagorno-Karabakh's parliament voted to join Armenia. Now what was small clashes so far between the two groups erupted into a violence. And in this conflict, the ethnic Armenians gained the control of the region. And what they did is they also pushed down to occupy the Azerbaijanian territory outside Karabakh. And this created a buffer zone linking Karabakh and Armenia. Now with the breakup of the Soviet Union that is in late 1991, the Nagorno-Karabakh declared itself as an independent republic. And this further escalated the conflict into a full-scale war. But this de facto status was not recognized elsewhere including Armenia. And Armenia itself never officially recognized this region's independence. But it has become its main financial and military backer during the war. And in 1994, a ceasefire brokered by Russia was signed. This left Karabakh as well as a huge portion of Azerbaijan's territory around the enclave into Armenian hands. And as of now, this region is recognized as part of Azerbaijan internationally. But know that it has been controlled by the ethnic Armenians since the ceasefire in 1994. And though the ceasefire was agreed in 1994, Azerbaijan and Armenia frequently accused each other of attacks in this region. The latest attacks are part of this. So Azerbaijan wants to defend and assert its control over this territory. Now let us see the importance of this region. See this region is of strategic importance for Azerbaijan. Pipelines shipping, Caspian oil and natural gas from Azerbaijan to the world pass close to this Nagorno-Karabakh region. And this is the main reason why Azerbaijan is defending this territory. The oil trade might be affected in the near future in case if the current clashes results into a major conflict. Next, this region is also of strategic importance to the regional powers such as Turkey and Russia. Know that Azerbaijan is a Muslim majority and Turkey which is also a Muslim power backs Azerbaijan. And on the other side, Christian majority Armenia is supported by Russia. Russia also has a military alliance with Armenia and there are some Russian military bases in Armenia as well. So you can see that this region is of strategic importance for both the countries and the regional powers such as Turkey and Russia and also for the countries that are dependent on this oil trade. Hence the major world powers have urged calm as there are fears of a full scale conflict in this region. So as per today's news article, Russia is mediating between these countries as it did in 1994 in order to avoid any major conflicts in the future. So in this discussion we saw about the geography and strategic importance of this region that is Armenia and Azerbaijan and also on the background behind the conflict between these countries. With this we will move on to the next news. Now this opiate article is about the United Nations and the issues faced by it. It is authored by an Indian diplomat who has dealt with the UN issues in the Ministry of External Affairs. The syllabus relevant for this analysis is highlighted here for your reference. Please go through it. Recently on 21st September the UN commemorated its 75th anniversary in a high level virtual meeting with its member states and they adopted a declaration titled Declaration on the Commemoration of 75th Anniversary of the United Nations. And this declaration lays out these 12 concise commitments to revive the global resolve or determination. You can see it here and in this the commitments titled leave no one behind then upgrade UN and boost partnerships etc are aimed at improving multilateralism. We know that currently countries all over the world are surrounded by many problems and the greatest of them is the unpredicted pandemic which has led to other issues like deepest recession in the world since 1930s. So these scenarios warrant multilateral cooperation to revive the global economy. But the issue is that instead of multilateral cooperation the world is witnessing a retreat or withdrawal from multilateralism. And this is happening amidst the pandemic. Now according to the author the challenge to the multilateralism is posed by the main stakeholders of the UN system such as USC, China and UK. This is the first issue UN is facing because these are the P5 countries or the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. And these countries are now focusing on nationalism rather than multilateralism. If we take the example of USA it has already withdrawn from the UN organization such as the UNESCO in 2017 and UN Human Rights Council in 2018. And recently in July USA has started withdrawal process from the World Health Organization as well. Further in the virtual meeting the US President has stressed the America first in his speech and suggested others to put their countries first. So these clearly outlines USA's America first policy. And next if we take UK it has undergone Brexit. That is the Britain's exit from European Union. And we know that European Union posed a role of united and whole Europe. But now this has changed due to UK's withdrawal. So this shows that nationalism remains strong in Europe as well rather than multilateralism. Next is China. See according to the author China is taking advantage of West's retreat from multilateralism. Here by West he means the major powers like USA and UK. And according to the author China is taking advantage and not embracing the idea of multilateralism. The advantage it wants is in endorsing its Belt and Road Initiative or BRA. See BRA consists of a series of bilateral credit agreements with recipient countries. But there is no mechanism for multilateral consultations or oversight. So China is also focusing on projecting itself beyond its frontiers. The second issue UN is facing is the rift between its permanent members the USA and China. According to the author this has already started affecting the functioning of United Nations Security Council. Both the countries have clashing perspectives and they are expressing it in the UN platforms. On one hand USA is blaming China for spreading the pandemic across the globe. And also blames China for being a major reason for global warming. As we know China remains first in CO2 emissions and USA is the second. But US president has noted that China's carbon dioxide emissions are nearly twice than that of USA. On the other hand China is endorsing the fight against COVID-19 as a matter of collective responsibility of the international community. For example Chinese president has promised to honor its commitment to provide billion US dollars as assistance to the developing countries over two years which it announced in May 2020. Then for the high carbon emission China has retaliated to the US statement by committing that it will achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. Like this both the countries are opposing each other in many arenas which put the United Nations in a very bad position. The next issue is that the pandemic has made it more difficult to achieve the sustainable development goals which the UN has adopted. So the United Nations may have to revisit or extend the target period. The next issue is that the United Nations political missions and also the peacekeeping operations are suffering from paucity or scarcity of resources. So these missions and operations need sound financial basis to function effectively. But it is to be noted that they have outstanding or unpaid contribution of more than 1.7 billion US dollars. The outstanding contribution is because most of the humanitarian assistance then developmental works and also the budgets of the specialized agencies of the United Nations are based on voluntary contributions. So the UN has to find resources to fund these missions. So these are some of the issues listed by the author in United Nations. So as a conclusion the author wants these issues to be resolved as soon as possible because of the reasons such as first the United Nations provide greater political space to the developing countries to put forward their notions and problems. Second if the countries retreat from multilateralism then it will reduce United Nations capacity to face diverse challenges in the pandemic as well as in the post pandemic world. So this is all about this particular news article. With this we'll move on to the next news. Now have a look at this question. It is with reference to this news article which talks about the genetically modified or GM crops. In this context let us have a brief discussion on GM crops and also the concerns associated with them. First what are GM crops? Know that they are the plants in which genetic material that is DNA has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally. The technology is often called as modern biotechnology or gene technology. So this technology allows selected individual genes to be transferred from one organism into another or also between non related species. And the food produced from or using these genetically modified organisms are often referred as GM food. See one of the main objectives of developing GM plants is to improve crop protection. The GM crops currently in the market are mainly aimed at increased level of crop protection. And this is done through the introduction of resistance against plant diseases caused by insects or viruses. For example we have BT cotton. See in BT cotton the resistance against insects is achieved by introducing a toxin producing gene from the bacterium basillis thuringiensis. And this has the short form BT. So this particular bacterium is introduced into the cotton plant. Simply put, either to improve the crop yield or to protect it from pests, a new gene will be introduced into the genetic structure of the plants. And such plants with modified genetic structure are called GM plants or crops. So GM crops have helped the farmers across the world to improve the farm yield or to protect the crops from pests and viruses. However, there are widespread concerns regarding their effects on biodiversity and also their harmful impacts to the humans consuming them. So till now, the BT cotton that to an non-foot crop is the only genetically modified crop approved by Indian government. Even though GM mustard, a foot crop which was approved for usage by the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee, the Environment Ministry subsequently did not give note for the commercial cultivation of GM mustard. The same is with BT brinjal. In 2010, the government due to protests from farmers and environment activists announced a ban on BT brinjal cultivation. So far, only GM mustard and BT brinjal have been recommended by the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. And now the central government has selected eight states to conduct field trials for BT brinjal. And this is to study the effects of BT brinjal in detail and subsequently to approve it for commercial cultivation. Now we will talk about the concerns associated with GM crops. Firstly, GM crops may lead to monopoly of seeds by seed producing companies. This is because genetically modified seeds has something called a terminator technology because of which seeds can't be used to cultivate for second time. So every time, farmer has to buy seeds from the company. And second concern is the issue with the development of resistance against BT toxin. For example, bollworm has developed resistance against BT cotton. The same is possible with BT brinjal also. So GM crops after some years may become vulnerable to pests similar to that of normal crops. And thirdly, there are widespread concerns regarding the consumption of BT toxin foods on humans. So there is a concern that it can create serious health hazards to humans. And finally, the GM crops may contaminate the biodiversity and also it can cause ecological disturbances. So these are some of the issues associated with usage of GM crops in India. Now have a look at this question. Consider the following statements regarding the genetically modified organisms. It is a two statement question. They are the organisms in which the genetic material is altered in a way that does not occur naturally. See statement one is correct. And the second statement reads, in GM organisms, selected individual genes are transferred from one organism into another only for related species. See, this statement is incorrect because genes from non-related species are also introduced into the other organisms. For example, in BT cotton, the gene from bacteria is transferred into cotton plant. So in this question, we have to identify the correct statement or statements from the given statements. Here statement one is correct and statement two is incorrect. So the correct answer is option A one only. With this, we'll move on to the next news article. Now this question is with reference to this news article. The news article mentions that the Securities and Exchange Board of India, that is SEBI, has given a direction to the stock exchanges and clearing corporations. See, clearing corporation is an entity that is established to undertake the activity of clearing and settlements of greed in securities or other instruments or products that are dealt with or traded on a recognized stock exchange. See, the direction is to initiate measures for liquidating or selling assets of the defaulter members. And this is to be done within six months of declaring the concerned entities as defaulters. So in this context, let us know about SEBI. See, it was established in 1992 in accordance with the provisions of Securities and Exchange Board of India Act of 1992. So it is a statutory body. And its basic functions are to protect the interest of the investors in securities, to promote the development of securities market and to regulate the securities market and to deal with matters related to it. And its other functions include regulating the business in stock exchanges and any other securities markets, then registering and regulating the working of stock brokers, subbrokers, share transfer agents and other intermediaries. So like this, it has all these functions. Please read it for your reference. Now let us see its composition. See, it consists of a chairman and eight members according to the Act. And among the members, two members are from the officials of Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Corporate Affairs. One member is from amongst the officials of RBA. So these three members are nominated by RBA. And the remaining five members and the chairman are appointed by the central government. Now have a look at this question. Consider the following statements with reference to Securities and Exchange Board of India. It is a three statements question. The first statement reads, it is a constitutional body. See this statement is incorrect. Know that it is a statutory body established under the SEBI Act of 1992. And the second statement reads, it regulates the business in stock exchanges and any other securities markets. See this statement is correct. And the third statement reads, it is headed by the Union Minister of Corporate Affairs. See this statement is incorrect. The Act does not prescribe that Union Minister of Corporate Affairs has to be its chairman. According to the Act, the chairman shall be a person of ability, integrity and standing who has shown capacity in dealing with problems related to securities market or a person who has special knowledge or experience of law, finance, economics, accountancy, administration, etc. So in this given question, we have to identify the correct statement or statements. See here statement one and statement three are incorrect and statement two is correct. So the correct answer is option C2 only. Now let us move on to the discussion of practice questions based on today's news analysis. See here we have a map based question which of the following countries is a landlocked country. See the correct answer is option B that is Armenia and the other three countries given here are not landlocked countries. See you can see this map. Here Azerbaijan, Spain and Turkey are not landlocked but Armenia is landlocked. Now we have this main practice question. Discuss the differences between south-west and northeast Mansoons of Indian subcontinent. It is a 10 marks question and you have to write answer in 150 words. Now this is also a main question. United Nations capacity to face diverse challenges depends upon nations acting collectively. Discuss the statement in the light of challenges to multilateralism posed by main stakeholders of United Nations. So this is a 15 marks question and you have to write answering 250 words. So write your answers for these two questions and post it in the comment section. Our feedback will be given in a reasonable timeframe. And with this we'll come to the end of analysis of all the news articles taken up for today's discussion and also the practice questions discussion. If you like this video press the like button, comment and share and do subscribe to Shankar IIS Academy YouTube channel for latest videos and updates relating to civil service preparation. Thank you.


Hi everybody, this is Matthew Miller. I am the Fedora project leader and this is a Fedora council video call Meetings are terrible. So we try not to do them except it turns out. We also don't get any work done if we don't meet regularly So we do IRC meetings matrix chat meetings Several times a month and once a month about we do a video call where we usually focus on some part of the project Where something interesting is happening or something That maybe needs help or something we want to highlight Today we actually have something a little bit different. We have our proposal to Let's make Fedora officially a digital public good and so we have some folks from that project to talk with us about it and I'll guess I'll turn things over to Justin who brought the idea to us and you can introduce your co-conspirators and Go from there And Then we'll open we'll talk about it. I see there's slides. Awesome. Yes. I do see your slide perfect Cool, so we can go ahead and get started here. So For context this first began like Matthew said there is currently a ticket in the Fedora council Pagor which I'll drop a link here in the chat if anyone is curious We can probably get that in the video description too, but this is extending from that conversation that began in the council ticket so the ticket is proposed is Suggesting or nominating Fedora to apply as a digital public good Based on the conversations we had with the Fedora council back in April and May We decided to do the video chat today as a chance to go deeper on what does this really mean? What our digital public goods is Fedora fit into this and what what comes next? So we'll do a quick introduction for the folks that are here A lot of you know me. My name is Justin. I've been a Fedora contributor for six or seven years now I joined the UNICEF office of innovation in June 2020 as their open source technical adviser there I work with startup companies and UNICEF country offices from around the world on six different continents Building open source projects and communities and following best practices to build a community Which a lot of things I've had the benefit of seeing how it works in Fedora, and I'll pass over to Victor here for Hi everyone. Thank you for welcoming to your community. I must admit. I'm not a Fedora user, but I feel very welcomed here I'm an open source contributor and project maintainer in other parts of the open source universe and I work as the engineering and technology lead at the office of innovation and the digital public goods alliance Which we will introduce shortly Shall I start next slide just yeah over to you welcome up Do you want questions throughout or do you want to do the presentation or how do you prefer to do this? It's up to you. I mean I like like a recession. So Yeah, well, I guess if there's questions that come up it makes sense. We'll definitely have time for Q&A at the end, too Okay, I think that the and the most the more questioning part of the presentation is towards the end I feel the first one is more sharing information and setting up the context. So I think it's less likely to have questions in that part Okay Okay, so next slide. I Like to start with a very brief historic perspective on For prior events that led us to where we are today so that we are all on the same page So very very briefly about three years ago in July 2018 UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres convene a high-level panel on digital cooperation To strengthen collaboration in the digital space among governments private sector civil society international organizations academia and other relevant stakeholders The panel was tasked with raising awareness about the transformative impact of digital technologies Unlocking to ensuring a safe and inclusive digital future for all Fast forward to use later June 2 2020 actually one day from today on June 11 When UN Secretary General presented a set of recommended actions to help ensure all people are connected respected and protected in the digital age There are a number of recommendations in that Report of which I'm going to highlight three first one being achieving universal connectivity by 2030 Another one is promoting digital poly goods, which brings us to the topic of this conversation and that is embracing the Internet's open source and public origins And another one was ensuring and protecting human rights in the digital era so So the report introduces this concept of digital poly goods which include open AI models As for artificial intelligence models open source software open data open content and open standards next slide But what really are digital poly goods So they the report provided this one liner definition of being open source software open data open AI models open standards and open content That a dear to privacy another applicable laws and best practices Do no harm and help attain the sustainable development goals So basically it's like projects in the open that advance Humanity as as a whole but as good as this definition is as a one-liner It is hard to use it as as a flexor as a reference for deciding whether Whether something is or is not a digital poly goods next slide. So that's why some of us About a year ago or more came came up with this notion of the digital poly goods Standard, which again is also an open project with you can contribute give your opinions common See if we are missing something or we're doing something wrong But essentially the the idea behind the standard is operationalize that definition and translated into a number of indicators and a corresponding set of questions that we can ask of any project and Form a common opinion on whether that is indeed a digital poly good or not So we are looking and I'm looking at the right side of the slide on you know These are these nine indicators of whether the project is relevant to the sustainable development goals Whether it uses an approval approved open license. There's clear ownership. There's platform independence meaning It does not depend on some other proprietary Elements part of that down. There's good documentation for sure There's mechanism for extracting data that is not personal identifiable information ideas to privacy and applicable laws and ideas to standards and mispractices and There's no harm which for example, there's no harm. We further unpack into protecting underage users must say moderating harmful content like eight speeds and protecting personally in personal information of Of the users that participate in those projects So we turned all this into Into sort of a question or a submission that we collect information from all these projects and We try to assess fairly and objectively whether a project is a digital poly good or not next slide so So this is the work of the digital public goods Alliance, which was a Multi-stakeholder initiative meaning it was it had UNICEF government of Norway government of Sierra Leone Indian think tank As the founding members, but it's open to more to more entities With the mission of of accelerating the attainment of the sustainable development goals in low and middle income countries By facilitating the discovery and I'll talk about each of those discovery development the use of an investment in digital public goods Next slide so our approach and the digital public goods Alliance of which UNICEF is part of is to on one side identify open-source solutions that contributed to a more equitable world and and We also have these committees of practice which say are groups of experts that further Evaluate and support digital public goods in priority areas currently we have committees of practice in early-grade reading financial inclusion digital health focusing on vaccine delivery systems very timely and climate adaptation and More I will be added over time Then we are also in trying to increase access to solutions via The creation and curation of this right to see of digital public goods goods Which aims to be sort of a catalog or a one-stop shop for for finding projects that advances the development goals whether you are Government that wants to implement you are a member of the community that wants to contribute or you have some ideas That you want to create and you want to don't want to reinvent the wheel You can see what's already existing and and so on and then we through the work of UNICEF and the various governments that we work with Including our funders like Norway. We engage with Pathfinder countries We call Pathfinder countries those that sort of lead the way and you crafted the path to share either existing depages that I Already exist in their countries or those who are interested those countries that are interested in Implementing their national digital infrastructure Using digital public goods instead of relying on proprietary solutions So in a way, we're also trying to tackle the procurement processes of those countries which are complex in nature and Steal one of them or shift them towards the adoption of open solutions Next slide party none to Justin Thanks So building on that part of the conversation So is Fedora Linux fit into this puzzle? How how does how do these two different sides of things connect together? So earlier you probably caught that Victor mentioned the UN sustainable development goals But I want to go back to those really quick and just also provide some historical context as to what these are and Why why this matters in the DPG conversation? so if you're not familiar with What these these sustainable development goals are they came out of a 2030 agenda for sustainable development and this was adopted by all the United Nations member states in 2015 it provides a shared blueprint for peace and prosperity for people in the planet and Now and into the future and at its heart are 17 sustainable development goals or the SDGs Which are an urgent call for action by all these countries developed and developing in a global partnership They recognize that ending poverty and other deprivations They go hand-in-hand with strategies to improve health and education Reduce inequality and spur economic growth all while tackling climate change and working to preserve oceans and forests Which might so just to add some or provide a little more context of how this began even though this was from a 2015 Agenda these goals have been worked. They're not really new. These actually go back all the way to 1992 Where in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil more than a hundred and seventy eight countries adopted agenda? 21 and this was a comprehensive plan of action to build a global partnership for sustainable development To improve human lives and protect the environment. This is really where these conversations were started in the very beginning Building on that as well in the year 2000 United Nations member states unanimously adopted the Millennium Declaration and this included eight Millennium development goals to reduce extreme poverty by 2015 so the Sustainable development goals these 17 goals that have been identified since 2015 and are targeted for the 2030 agenda for global sustainability these are all a part of where these come in together and Like I said, all of these have been these aren't really new ideas or new concepts These are things that we've been talking about for decades already However, there's one of these goals today that I really want to hone in on and how it applies to Fedora So specifically goal nine industry innovation and infrastructure, which is its one-liner definition is building resilient infrastructure promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation Okay, so a lot of times when we think of infrastructure we're usually thinking of roads Bridges cars planes trains automobiles all these very physical things But does infrastructure is is infrastructure only physical? In the 21st century, what does digital infrastructure mean in the context of the internet? Dell towers and undersea fiber cables across the ocean Digital infrastructure is this new emerging type of infrastructure for our hyper connected online world Digital infrastructure is the backbone of delivering serving and sharing content to cross the web and over borders Yeah, I don't think you have to sell me on that. I think Fedora Linux is definitely an infrastructure project So where I'm going with this is looking at where we are now with the DP the digital public goods work and thinking about what? infrastructure means our world is more and more interconnected and now we have this opportunity to Really think about what digital infrastructure means the Ford Foundation released a report a couple years ago that? 2018 that was a groundbreaking report on this of like what is this digital infrastructure? And how do we define it and how do we how do we talk about these things? So now is this good opportunity to really look back on the last 20 to 40 years of free and open-source software thinking about key examples of Things that have worked well and things that haven't and finding new ways to empower users or everyday people through technology tying it into Fedora, there's actually some really key Elements of the Fedora community that position Fedora in addition to meeting the digital public good standards that actually put Fedora in a really great up Great position to be able to be involved with this global network So I always like to go to the four foundations since I know there's folks who might not be familiar with that on the call the four foundations are these very structural value-based definitions of of the Fedora community, right? Oh Why we do what we do so how does this tie into the digital public good standard and In digital infrastructure, so I think each each foundation speaks for itself With the Freedom Foundation Fedora was built as free and open-source software from the beginning Fedora only ships and distributes free software from the default repositories were notorious in the Linux world for not Bundling or providing proprietary software by default and Fedora already uses widely accepted Open-source licenses and has even contributed to the definition of some of these licenses in the over the over the decades and Then friends the Friends Foundation Fedora has an international community of hundreds of folks spread across six continents The Fedora community is strong and well positioned to scale as the upstream distribution For arguably one of the world's most widely used enterprise flavors of Linux that's so much of our digital infrastructure Yeah, and then features again Fedora consistently delivering on innovation and features and open source Fedora 34 was a record-breaking release with 63 new approved changes just in that last release 18-year record for us and finally first Fedora leverages its unique position and resources in the free software world To deliver on innovation New ideas and features are trialed out in the Fedora community to discover what works and what doesn't we have many stories of both So looking at this context of how the Fedora community has built has been built and operated over the last 18 years and looking at these Emerging conversations about digital public goods and digital infrastructure and what this means This puts Fedora in a really good great position to help broaden the definition of what digital infrastructure means So often when we look at or at least this is in my own personal experience But you'll see a lot of humanitarian driven projects that have a very specific use case or or goal But I think sometimes we miss or we don't always understand the complexity of all these dependencies and how the internet works from the very lowest level things of you know cabling and infrastructure to DNS and Building up on that in the in the stack Fedora is in a really great position to use its commute not use its community But work with its community to advocate for these things that we've already been doing pretty well for our for almost two decades maybe more if you want to count red hat Linux in there, but This this are all these these contexts to me are what make Fedora stand out as a as a prime example of a Linux distribution being represented as a digital public good in both ways that other Linux distributions that ship or provide proprietary software are unable to do and And also around the licensing piece so here I'll go ahead and pass it. Yeah, you have do you have our vision statement on the next slide here? I don't know. I should have a let me let me read it here because I think this is very very well aligned This is the vision statement that we Adapted just recently the Fedora project envisions a world where everyone benefits free and open source self are built by inclusive welcoming and open-minded communities and I think that's very well aligned with the Initial statement that the digital public goods thing came out of as well. It's kind of a there's there's obviously a shared goal absolutely So for here, I'll go ahead and pass over to Victor just to walk through some of the actual very practical steps of Okay, how do you actually go through this? How do you? Nominate to become a digital public good So I'll pass back over to you Victor Okay, thanks Justin. Okay. So if you have been mildly convinced by Justin's arguments You might be wondering, okay, what do we do now or how do we take this up next slide? so Very quickly the benefits First I want to go over the sort of the benefits of becoming a digital public good as you may say well, yeah, that's great But you know why? I mean, I think that the most important one is the alignment in vision that Matthew was referring to now if we say Take it one level down We want to highlight this three which is participating in a global network of projects and communities and People building a free and open source software of which Fedora already has as strong and big community So you might say well, we already have that there Number two is increase. I mean, it's true increase visibility of open source projects in in the registry Both allowing more users and potential contributors to to discover it for the first time again Visibility might not be the selling point for Fedora But it's I think that there's there's this I see a growing generational trend of people wanting to contribute to projects that that do good that in that leave a mark in the world and being able to classify Fedora the digital public good I think speaks to these growing audience of Young contributors that want to put their skills to good use and then last but not least this is why the reach of global communities through the engagement with Pathfinder countries where you know when we When we get we as the different entities that form this alliance get requests from national regional governments on modernizing their infrastructure We can say well Consider Fedora as as as running the the bag monof of your systems or or things to that end and and building local communities in many of those Countries that can take it up and support it moving forward and and so on next slide next one like next slide and last one is the actual submission process is by we need a or Some representatives of the project that can speak on We have of the project and can make assertions on behalf of the project Where we will ask to compile Answers to the series of questions that cover the the indicators that are presented earlier in this call and There are complete set of questions is available Online of course prior to submitting the form so that there can be further discussion on whether You feel that you have the right answers to those questions or not or and in most cases This is also a conversation where we ask say for a first submission And then we'll go back and say well can you clarify this or can you provide more evidence on that and so on but essentially We will receive the for the submission that you provide it to us There's the first stage where we nominate a process where we say set the threshold fairly low Where we are only looking at open source the open source requirements and the alignment to the sustainable development goals and we then you become one of those 500 or 600 projects that are being Nominated to become a digital public good And then we conduct a more the technical review more extensive review and then if everything checks then we we come to the resolution that this is indeed a digital public good and We we catalog it as a site Justin last slide and That's all that we had prepared for for the presentation today. So Thanks for your your audience and if there's any questions or Anything you'd like to ask you can either put it into the chat or come on audio video Thanks, I definitely I definitely have some questions. First of all, thank you for presenting this and sharing this I think it's a very interesting and like I said, I think the concepts are well aligned I have Some concerns about the obligations we would take up as this first of all Do we obligate ourselves legally to meet certain standards are we agree or are we agreeing to something? Is there or is it just a you are agreeing that we meet these standard? I Would not I mean that's a good question I would not frame it a as a legal obligation and I'm gonna say this by by directionally in that Neither you are obligated legally to comply with that nor we are legally bound to the truth Truthfulness of your answers meaning all the answers that are provided and that allow us to this to to scream you against a digital public good standard are self-reported and We rely on your word on the truthfulness and accuracy of those answers so I'm gonna attack it I'm gonna tackle this from both sides if Someone comes to us and says hey, you said that this is a digital public good and these guys and this project Said that they comply with these standards, but we actually Discovered that that's not true. Then well, we are open to reviewing any submission any time but then we'll say well, this is information that was reported to us and We took their word for it On the other hand If anything changes and say Project a Is open source, but one day they decide to go close source boo, then Well, we we review it and then we remove it from the catalog or from the registry and it is no longer a digital public good Now if we ask you whether you comply with the standards and you tell us that you comply with this set of standards We expect that information to be truthful So one of the standards I think I have a little bit of a hard time with ironically maybe is the do-no-harm one because it's such a what like I Get the idea, but it's such a broad thing and people's idea of what harm is is You know varies from person to person in pretty fundamental ways sometimes And our answer in general has been you know to not restrict fields of abuse for Duralonics and and we have the hope that although we know that that probably does allow for some harm to happen That the greater the overall impact of not having those restrictions Is beneficial to everybody? But I you know I can't necessarily say that that's a do-no-harm stance I know you know people are probably using Fedora platforms for Bitcoin mining and blowing up the environment with greenhouse gases with that I know Fedora is used in high-frequency trading which people think you know is part of the Gigantic problem with your rent taking in the stock market right like those things and Fedora is used as as part of that right there are plenty of other examples you could come up with and I don't know. I don't know how to answer that in a way that feels satisfying I other than saying you know we mean well Just just some context I think coming back to the DPG standard and looking at that clear ownership piece in the context of a project like Fedora That's already well established and has has a pretty large international reach in terms of Users and what people might do choose to do on their own I think that that clear ownership part of the standard and specifically Fedora's I think excellent document public documentation about the trademark and guidelines around using that trademark Would really be helpful here because while I don't say imagine the Fedora project going to deploy Fedora Linux to do Bitcoin mining for the Fedora project If someone else is willing to do that and wants to make a big commotion or big scene about it and raise questions of the Ethics of is this doing harm or is it not I think there's a There's a degree here that this has not been explored. So part of this I think well, maybe Victor has other thoughts there But I think there's part here that through Fedora's management of trademark a lot of those risks about what does harm mean and Who gets to decide what is Fedora Linux or not is mitigated through Fedora's trademark policy Yes, and I I hear you Clearly on the concerns that you have and I will admit that we struggle to some extent with it too and Here is one place where I would welcome any input that any members of your community have in regards to Bringing more clarity on how The do no harm applies to infrastructure projects like Fedora We are going to give an example from another field because and also very in mind that this standard covers Software content data to the new to name three very different and you know looking at content For example, we did some working at the beginning with early great reading aka children's books so we looked at platforms that provided children's books in in many languages and You can and so we were looking at things for like well, are these children's books? promoting you know ideals of of pay of peace and and human dignity and respect and all that or Are they advancing hateful hateful speech and and if and do they have mechanisms say for reporting that that they They someone is trying to publish a racist book or a discriminatory book You know you cannot when in that case we were looking again for mechanisms that Would be able to report flag and remove that type of content without Without you know having absolute control of what anyone or everyone publishes on those platforms or Whether the intent was good, but then someone turn it around and okay They clone the project and they use it for all this you know to publish all these creepy books There's that much that that that we can go but at least we want to capture sort of the intent and The inclusion of mechanisms practices to curve bad behavior where it exists now we have also been Looking at this issue with infrastructure projects like digital IDs and say and and the developers tell us Yes, we developed this project for good and we expect governments to use it for good, but what if then a There a bad actor on the government or an authoritarian government uses these digital identities to discriminate against certain part of the population and I mean At some point we set sort of a boundary between the the ones who develop the project and develop it with good intentions and a good sort of framework framework and allowed for controls and checks and Policies to keep it within that framework and the responsibility of the implementers or the end users who can Turn around that project and use it for whatever they want You know you as a project maintainer are not bound or Responsible for all the potential uses downstream that anyone can make of your project It's it's a very it's a it's a difficult terrain, but still we want to try to carve out a space where we identify projects that are Really are meant for doing good things and when implemented, right? They are advancing really forward I have some questions as far as the process for nomination and all of that from the start of the nomination to approving or you know denying the digital public good deal of approval how long does that process usually take and You know how involved is is the nomination process Is it a Basically, I'm trying to understand how much work it will take and then I guess a follow-up would be is there like you Resurvey or have a conversation with us at any point can we expect you you know have some work to do To keep it up and running Yes, very good question Based I'm gonna give numbers Based on what we have observed other projects to to to take and ask with them so I say that projects take between one or two weeks to Collect the information required to fill in the form that varies greatly of on the The size of the project and how many people each the project involves to compile that information and say Reach an agreement on the answers but so that's a process that would be entirely in your hands and You can get a sense You can get a sense both for the complexity of the information that we are asking Both in the set of questions that we are asking of and you can't review the submissions of the 20 plus projects that we have reviewed already where we publish their answers publicly online So you have sort of a template or certain guidance in framing those those answers Then once you submit that question all that information is captured publicly in open Full requests to our repositories. So everything is transparent Except some contact information that we require to be able to reach out to you that we keep private And then it takes about say one or two weeks Say one week or two or three days for Denomination which is sort of the low threshold review and then between one or two weeks for the more extensive review which might include back and forth Emails or comments on the pull requests seeking clarification on the answers that you have provided Okay, that does give me a good idea another question I have is I see that you have had 585 nominees and 33 approved sorry 33 approved as digital public goods. So that's just it's a low Ratio there so I do I know and I see that the Standards are stringent as they should be but I'm curious like Is there a Can you point to some reason why so little of them are actually approved? Yes, because this We started this we started the the registry or the infrastructure that is this that's behind on the page that you are seeing prior to Establishing the standard and initially our goal was a landscaping effort of Surveying what projects exist in this phase of potentially what couldn't be called digital public goods Without going too deep in each of those projects. So initially we need a very shallow but broad Pass at what's out there which yielded about 400 500 of those Projects and we also cross-checked or we partnered with Similar entities to ours that were building similar lists and we compiled again a lot of information But very shallow on many projects and they were not those Partnering organizations that we were with they were not collecting all that information So it's been only say in the past six or eight months that we have really been digging into the standard and Prioritizing areas so prior before I talked about these committees of practice in health early grade reading a financial inclusion where in each committee of practice we are looking at 10 or 12 projects and We have a very close relationship with each of them and we work with them to do full submissions Review the standard where with them to how they can Or don't overlook certain aspects of their projects so that they are compliant and so on and that's how we get that number to 33 or so. So now we have Say and this is also public on our repo. We have priority areas where we have groups of say eight or ten projects that we are trying to screen through Through the digital through the standard so and it's in in that small group of 10 or 20 that I would put your submission when if when we receive it and these are the ones that we can Review in this one to two week timeframe. We have this backlog of 400 projects of which We have not received a full submission and we do not have the information at hand to screen them properly and We are we are open in acknowledging that it's currently a low priority Enriching out to them until we cleared the backlog of the ones that we do have all that information So that's the explanation for the discrepancy between those numbers. That makes complete sense. I Wouldn't have known that from the web page. I don't know if you want to like maybe add a note if they would be It would help out to understand the context of that number Another question I've got one while you Was going to ask if there are any other Linux based operating systems that have been given the digital public good certification No, not yet. So we would be first in that and do you feel And and I mean Justin is saying this does seem like prior to the scope Do you feel as someone who's been working with this Organization for a long while now that that fedora is a good fit for this Yes, otherwise I wouldn't be presenting here But I Don't but I'll be honest and I don't think this is necessarily a straight shot And I expect some skepticism or some questions for your some pushback and say well, how about this or how about that which and I and I come here sort of very open and hoping that through some of those conversations the standard will evolve and We will get a better sense of you know, what's in and and what's out. So Again, I expect some pushback or some changes to the standard order process as a result of Considering fedora because it is really it is very different from any and all other projects that have all those 33 that have been pretty so far so my my other question is also kind of about our obligations and this one is different from the like the agreement obligations, but perception of our Ability to support people who are coming to this and say ah, this is an approved digital public good Let's say, you know a some nation decides to Standardize on fedora Linux as their national, you know operating system and then they come to us and say You made this thing make sure it works we have this problem fix this this is not working very well This is broken, you know our entire economy collapsed because of you Like what? How do we keep that from happening? Maybe that's a too much victim of our success thing We're not even worried about this level, but I think it kind of is you know, even this happens on You know like people who make an open-source library that becomes popular and then people start demanding There you know their time and the github becomes there, you know trying to entriage requests becomes a full-time job If we're promoting this at this kind of approved, you know Very high, you know world standard kind of level. How do we live up to that? I Do not have the definitive answer to that question, but I guess I'll share with you Some additional work that we are doing I guess to mitigate that concern and that is that well a few things have to happen to reach that stage the first one is that governments embrace open source and they equate it fully to to commercially available solution we are working with governments first to educate the pros and cons of open source the advantages and disadvantages and one big aspect of that education is Telling them that you have to invest in the committee you have to invest in the capacity building and that Well depending on how you implemented or what vendor did you find for for this software You would get one level of support or another The other one is that we again not only we are educating or I don't want to sound paternalistic not only we are working with governments to to Help them better understand what the open source ecosystem looks like but we're also working with some of them to build the local ecosystem of Say communities companies whatever That can't provide that level of support locally because say you pick country X in region Y of the world and I don't think it's sustainable to expect that if they implement national infrastructure at the national level they'll have to rely from Technical support coming from Europe Japan or the US would they would want a strong and very capable local community in that country to provide this Not only the support, but also the development adaptation of that software to their needs So we are working with them and developing resources so that they can take that or they can preemptively develop that that level of local capacity so that they can rely on that committee instead of coming back to you and Blaming you for something that you might not be able to deliver or that you are not expected to deliver All right, I think that's a that's a pretty good answer. I appreciate that Um, I guess my other my question now is for other people in the Fedora council here. What are you thinking about this? Do you have? Positive thoughts, I mean might I'll be I'll go first I'm willing to go ahead even though. I've got some reservations And and see see where this we're exploring it leads us But I'd like to hear what other people are thinking as well. I think it's also something. I'm feeling positive about I'm curious If If there's any like you mentioned the legal things said it wasn't legal obligation, but pardon me socials like to probably Check in with red hat on on the digital public good aspect. I'm not sure I mean, I know we have other red-haters on the call and X red-haters So I'm curious like is this something that we need to kind of involve our parent Operation it probably is and I can take care of that aspect of it Okay, so I just would put be curious. I guess also to hear red hats input on it Before we get our hearts out on it though it does seem like it's something that was aligned with red hats vision for fedora, I think One thing that I'm curious about is How you know having us on that specific list helps us become an enabler of sorts to You know build certain kind of digital public goods from Fedora itself So we are not just one of those goods, but we also help to develop those kinds of goods in future So I'd be really curious if that seems to happen down the line, but Yeah, that is something I'm excited about Again, I very good question and challenging. That's the good type of questions that I'm expecting from this crowd I do not have an answer But I'm also expecting Sort of digital public goods to build on one another or and again fedora, I think it's it's a different It's different than the ones We had Maybe we would have we would need to bring Others to Help us figure out how Developing that ecosystem unfolds Again, I'm trying to make an analogy say for example with we have a Committee of practice around financial inclusion and we have various projects around say the financial stack if you will of Identity payments Interface with banking system and whatnot that each of them are a digital public good in itself But we're also looking at how they Interoperate or how others can build on the systems that they provide I say it's an ongoing Conversation we don't have you know a set of guidelines or anything that we have concluded but That is something that other people are wondering as well in terms of how How how how this bigger brother committee or medical community? Comes about and then and enable something greater than each of the individual projects So we're coming up to our hour here What are our next steps practically speaking? Yes, so practically speaking you would essentially submit Make a submission fill in fill out a form and submit What that means is answering I mean there are nine indicators Some of those indicators are broken into a number of questions and there's some logic on whether this applies to you or not but let's say there are 30 to 40 questions that you would You would need to answer and again we can provide all the questions in advance and You would look into the information that you need to collect in order to make that submission Thank You Lucy for providing that link in the chat here So this is a web-based form Yes, can you start this process and then come back to it or is it a If for the person that starts it yes, you cannot have multiple contributors to the same submission and I'm saying this we we used to rely on commercially available forms that didn't work for us so we developed this in-house from scratch it works for us but the functionality is limited Of course, if anyone wants to improve the form the code is open source and we would welcome that but right now just so that you know You open a session in that form We plant a cookie that remembers who you are and using that form and in the next 30 days It remembers that you started filling in some answers and will pre-populate if you come if you lose it and come back I recommend Filling it in one go though Okay, so Take taking a copy of the of questions offline then filling them and then filling the form That's what I meant. Okay, and I'm actually looking here. It looks actually pretty it is not a long form really It's just a basic questions about each each thing Yes, but be mindful that some questions unfold Yes, I see here Okay Justin Do you want to continue to take lead on this? Do you maybe I I want to talk to some people at Red Hat about how Red Hat feels about this But maybe sometime in the next couple weeks we could do a working session and go through the form and see what happens I think happy to keep up in the council ticket, whatever's yeah And I think that we can actually like go through with some of this process and start working on it because I don't hear any loud objections And if at some point, you know, the council is feeling uneasy we can we can Adjust or stop what we're doing and maybe make a Further official decision once we're kind of further along in the exploration. I think that makes most sense to me in line with the Fedora council principle of do things rather than wait wait for approval and When when there's when there's not Negative consequences. Let's just let's just see what we can do And Matthew for your information as an ad disclosure Lucy and I from the digital poly goods alliance. We have been talking to some people at Red Hat mostly on their corporate responsibility arm a around possible collaborations and possible support from Red Hat to Digital poly goods at large So I say that I'm just saying this so that yeah, they have some awareness, but Can you tell me who you've been talking to either here or send me email? I can I can oh I'm sure that was a break. You say Deb Bryant. Yes. Yes. That's one of them. I don't know if that's it Okay That's awesome because Deb was one of the first people I was planning to talk to about this anyways, so She's she's aware or like she's aware of the of our work and you should have an easy or she should have some context for this conversation All right, that sounds good And I think we're actually over the hour here. This is a good conversation Then do we have something scheduled for our next month? you're muted or No, oh Well, maybe maybe next month our session will be about pipe wire and how great it is at audio redding Thank you everybody. I'll see you around and we'll do the skin video next month. Bye. Thanks Justin and Victor Hi everybody


Diga, this is Karla for the last four years. She had a tumor in her stomach She actually got here last night service and she said that she feels an emptiness She knows that it's gone and how do you know it's gone? It's I can't feel it anymore. It's really big. Can we give Jesus a hand of praise for this? I'm telling you I knew by the Spirit someone with a tumor was being healed. What was it like when the Lord touched you? I can't even explain it. I just what are you feeling on you right now? Vibrations and so my vibrations, it's the power of the Holy Spirit. Thank you Jesus. Thank you Jesus


First of all, hello. It's been a very long time. You may not even remember my name. It's it's Adam. Adam Olinger. This is my channel. I haven't posted a actual new video in months now. Of course, I've done some best of movie feuds. You may have noticed recently not many as the the views have been very low on those. As a few of you know, a few of the diehards that have been with me since season one or two of the channel, which was initially called movie feuds, then changed to feud nation, then changed to Adam does movies. It's it's complicated.  I mean there was a while where I didn't even put out a video for like six months at one point around season five after well four I guess after Corey left. Anyway, the the show movie feuds and the channel has gone through a lot of changes over the course of time. Not only was I doing movie feuds. I was doing Adam Rantz movies. I was doing reaction videos here and there as like a joke. I had my side characters like Khaleesi Grimes from The Cringe. I think honestly a car side reviews. I think I honestly have done over 14-15 different shows off and on on the channel. Which then made me do a second channel which featured more of my non movie related stuff which you can find at Adam Olinger. Of course just Adam Olinger my name.  I have two kids at home that are under the age of 12. I have a 10 year old and an 8 year old who are both doing distance learning and I'm the teacher basically. I also have a full-time job as a web developer and designer that I've been at. I've been at this company for five years now. They've been amazing. We had a good year even though the economy and stuff in general has been kind of shaken. Which is an understatement for a lot of people. I am sorry if you've lost a job because of this or if financially things are tough. It's tough. My wife went back to work. She works at a senior center retirement home and she's seen the first-hand complications and mortality rate drop because of this virus. So it's something we're taking very seriously here. So I'm at home pretty much all the time with the kids. But yeah, things had to change basically on the channel because I was doing so much stuff just for the family. Seeing like virtually no revenue come from movie feuds or just the channel in general. Both channels was very disheartening after I put in years and years of sweat blood and tears, not my tears, other people's tears into the show. I got an email from ScreenRant asking if I'd be interested in being on their podcast. They do a podcast where they are interviewing, you know, creators in the YouTube space and I thought first off, okay, they know who I am. That's fun. This is a surprise. Like the WatchMojo thing was a surprise when I made on their top 10 most underrated YouTubers list a couple years ago.  I'd rather be overrated, but whatever. It's fine. I'm glad they knew who I am. Anyway, I had no idea ScreenRant knew who I was. It's clear that I I'm making some sort of an impression online without it really coming back to me at the end. You know, you don't really see it in the subscriber numbers. You don't see it in the revenue, of course. I don't really get invited on other people's shows even though that's something I've, you know, extended the olive branch to others in the past. That wasn't really a sentence, but I'm gonna keep going. I don't have a lot of time these days, so I'm trying to get through this. I also wanted to go further than that, so I decided, you know what, Adam? These guys know who I am. Other people know who I am. I had an opportunity a couple years back with the property brothers, which is a... How is that? TLC? Is that right? Whatever the home improvement network basically is, HGTV. There it is. I got there myself. Those guys, the Scott Brothers, they like run the channel basically, and they reached out to me to do a show for them, which was called Working Title. You can find all the episodes on my channel. I swear I'm gonna get to the point eventually here.  Here, I'm doing an exclusive show for their their network, their online network with like iJustine and a couple other big names in the YouTube space. And I just, I thought it was just bananas. Like, they were paying me per episode. It was good money. I thought, this is it. This is the break I was looking for that can launch me into the next thing. Because that's always what movie feuds has been. It's been, how do I get this in front of as many people as humanly possible so I can just make people laugh, entertain them, and talk movies. I emailed back. I said, listen, I want to do the, I want to do the podcast, but are there any other opportunities at this company? I want to, I want to get myself out there.  You know who I am.  So they said, yes, we have a couple ideas. And after a few back and forth emails, they said, okay, how would you feel about doing a documentary series? And if you followed me on my community tab, which I update, you know, once in a while, I think, I think I'm okay with that. I have now done two documentaries for them, one on Black Panther and one on Avatar, the live action of the amazing animated show. I thought they turned out really good. I put a ton of hours into them. I'm contracted through Screen Rant, so they pay me per the, you know, per job I do. And I was making more just on those two documentary videos than I did in the last, like, I want to say five or six months on YouTube, pumping out all the movie feuds and videos. Like, that's not a testament to how well I'm getting paid for these.  Not that the money's horrible, but still, it's like this awful back and forth. Anyway, I did the two videos and I said, okay, I want to do more. This is my flagship show, Movie Feuds. This should be much bigger. This should be much more popular than it is. And whether that's my fault or, or somewhat YouTube's fault or a combination of both, I don't know. But they are in now. I am now, this is, this is where I finally hit the punchline. You know, this, this, I swear I'm not extending this for ad revenue or anything. I'm just, I haven't talked to you guys in a long time, so I'm trying to, trying to kind of like fill in all the gaps. The reason I haven't been doing a lot of videos here is because I've been, you know, working, doing the kids. Trying to keep my wife happy. I was doing Twitch for a while. That's why I stopped doing that because I did the documentary series, which were like 25 hours a piece to do. Plus I did the first episode of my big announcement called Real Rivalries. This is what Movie Feuds is going forward. I still like own Movie Feuds if you can own such a thing. That's still my property. I can't do them while I'm doing Real Rivalries though. That was the deal. I am writing, I am on camera, I am editing, and I am fully invested in this show. Real Rivalries is airing, if you will. It's launching tomorrow. I'm posting this on Wednesday. It's launching tomorrow. They told me around one o'clock, which would be Thursday if I did my, if I did my days of the week, right? And I hope that it's well received. I would love if you went over there. I don't even care if you subscribe to Screen Rant. That'd be cool because I have a lot of content I hope to be doing there. But at least go there for me. Leave a comment, like the video, tell people who I am in the comments. Be like, this show's great because I know what's going to happen. If you know Screen Rant, you know what's going to happen. 90 percent of the comments are going to be like, this guy's not Ryan George. I think his name is Ryan George. No disrespect to him. He's really funny. He's the super easy, barely an inconvenient guy that does the movie pitches. Hilarious show. I watch it all the time. Anyway, the comments on Screen Rant are pretty vicious like that. So it is a little bit scary for me to be going in front of a much larger audience that doesn't know who I am. They don't get my humor. Rest assured, the show has not changed as far as my delivery goes, whether that's good or bad. I don't know. Still sarcastic. Still doing the humor, still doing the research, still writing the show, still still dre at the end of the day. The format has changed a little bit. It's no longer the traditional rounds. I always do story cast production, although those are still in play. We were writing some fun ones into the mix. The thing that I like most about this is and it's the same that went with the documentary series is these guys are not afraid to tell you what works, what needs improvement. So on this first episode of real rivalries, they already came back with feedback. They said we need to add a little bit of background music, spice it up a bit. I think we could trim this here. I think you could extend this here and this needs more polish, which is something I've never had in the past. And I do welcome it as someone who designs web websites for my main job, for my main source of income. I hear this all the time. OK, that doesn't look nice or that fonts ugly or pop this up a little bit more or make it a little more clean. That's the thing people love to use. Just just clean it up a little, make it more clean. What does that mean? You want it? You want a white? You want empty? Just one word on the page. That's typically what they mean, honestly. Anyway, this is an opportunity that I seized. It's one that was a long time coming for me personally. I think that the show has potential to be huge. Whether or not their audience reacts well to me, I don't know. But it's going to be a it's going to be a. We'll know very soon, I guess, is what I'm trying to say. We'll know very soon. Anyway, I apologize for the lack of content. I apologize for the delays. I've just it's a crazy time, I think, for everybody right now. We're all trying to find our way through this. So the movie feuds are on hold. If they absolutely hate real rivalries over there, if you're still watching us, I apologize for the length. I really do do something else while I'm ranting. If they enjoy the show over there, then I'll keep pumping them out. I hope to do one a week or every couple of weeks while also doing the documentary series. If you don't want to subscribe to Screen Rant. I mean, I think they're good. They're fine. Yeah, they do click baby titles. Even the documentary series I did, I don't get to title them. So it's like how Black Panther changed the world. And right out of the gate, I'm like, Oh, do we have to title that? I actually pushed on that, but that's what their docu series is called. How blank changed the world. So they know what gets people to click on the video. And I guess they don't care if 90% of the comments are like, this didn't change the world. Even though I never say that in the 20 minute, you know, video, whatever, that as long as I'm getting eyeballs on the video, I don't care how they get there. Okay. If you don't want to subscribe there though, I will do like a feed. You know, I'll have a real rivalry section and I'll just, you know, link the videos on my channel. So you can do it that way. Or you can do it on your own channel if you have a YouTube page. You know, we have an opportunity, especially those that have been with me for a long time. You know that this channel is not immune to change. We do it quite often. It seems like every six months or a year, there's a new show that pops up that it's a little lively. The cringe I think is a lot of people like that one. I still do plan on doing those once in a while on my second channel. I haven't done crap there in so long, but I do want to get back to that. Anyway, we have an opportunity to do new things here. If you have suggestions, if you have ideas, leave them in the comments. Let me know what you want to see. I still can do Adam Rantz movies. I was thinking bad movie pitches, not bad movie pitches. Bad movie auditions. I did one of those recently for Captain Marvel. I think that's a series I could regularly do since it doesn't require a lot of scripting. I just kind of, you know, search the most popular scenes in the film, reenact them. Plus I just, in the top of my head, know a lot of movie scenes and whatnot. So that's easy enough to create. And then whatever else you think would be cool, would catch on, feel free to leave it in the comments. It's clear that I have to schedule things out. I have to have a plan of attack with all these different shows going on because real rivalries took a lot longer than movie feuds took to make because of the extra care and polish that went into it. It's about a 15 minute video. I think I got it edited down to. I think you're gonna like it. I really hope so. The background's the exact same. The background didn't even change. You're like, yeah, that one's fine. What will you use that? So Twitch, maybe one day a week when I can figure that out down the road, I gotta find a day to schedule to just script. I gotta find a day to film. I gotta find like two or three days to just like hang out with my family at night, even though I see the kids all day. My wife, I guess, needs attention too. So yeah, there's just a lot of stuff I need to figure out on my end. Thank you for being patient. Thank you if you've supported me. Thank you if you continue to just wait for me to come out with new material. I'm sorry this was long, but I haven't been in front of the camera with you guys in a while and I just wanted to get it all out there. I'm rambling, I'm not really being funny, but that's coming up, I can assure you. So yes, tomorrow, real rivalries kicks off. Please be excited. Please, please, please enjoy it and please comment and like and do whatever you need to do to help me out. And I think with that I'll bid you adieu. Also leave a comment one last time what you wanna see on this channel because it's not dead. It's just, it's on a little bit of a slow roll, but we'll figure it out together. Take care.


Today I graded old school cards with PSA. What's up, guys? We're back with another insane PSA return video. If you guys saw part one, it was nuts. Go check it out. We had amazing grades, so I'm hoping that round two is just as good. But first, we have a giveaway. I'll be giving away this Number Hunters booster box. All you have to do is like this video, be subscribed, turn on notifications, let me know your favorite card from the submission. There's a lot of awesome ones in this one. And now let's hop into the pre-grade and see if we guessed them right. All right, let's check out these cards that we have and that we got from the collection. We did two different submissions from this collection, so let's see what we can do. We have Blackluster Soldier on the way at the beginning. All right, I'm not sure what that thing is. It's like a little bit of a spot right there. I don't know, I don't know what that'll do. We'll see. The corners look nice left, nice right. Bottom right, bottom left, seems pretty good. Other than that one spot, it looks good on the front. Scratch, I see a scratch. There's a scratch right in the middle right there, but the gloss is still pretty much there, pretty good. Top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left. Still pretty cool. Blackluster Soldier, very, very nice card. Okay, first edition IOC. With that splotch and with that scratch, it's sinnering's not bad though. I'm gonna go with an eight and I think we can get the eight on that. We'll see though how they grade that splotch. Next card is the Vampire Lord from Dark Crisis. So we have sinnered, kind of all sinnered. Top's a little bit bigger, but not too bad. The left to right's pretty good. Left corner, right corner. Bottom right, bottom left. All look pretty good. Surface looks pretty good on this. Back surface looks pretty good on this thing. I mean, there's a couple of little dots.  Top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left. This is one of the cleanest cards I think the collection had. Very nice. I think that this does have gem mint 10 potential. The sinnering is maybe the only thing that can hold it back, but I'm gonna predict PSA 10. I'm being a little optimistic. I think that that could squeak by with the sinnering. Otherwise, super clean card. Third card we have the Masked Beast. First edition, Labyrinth of Nightmare. Sinnering, let's check it out. Sinnered, okay. Top left, good. Top right, good. Bottom right, good. Bottom left, good. Surface, looks good. Okay, back surface. Little bit of like pack scuffing, but that's it. It's like straight out of the pack scuffing though. It looks like you just pulled it. That is amazing. Okay, top left, beautiful. Top right, bottom right, bottom left. Incredible. This card looks so good. The sinnering looks good. Oh man, I think this also has a PSA 10 chance even with that scuffing. The scuffing isn't that bad. Let's check it out. It's like you can only really see it in the light and it isn't even that bad. Honestly, I think that I'm gonna go with a PSA 10. I'm going optimistic today. I think this one can get a 10 as well. It looks really, really good. Then we have the injection fairy lily. This one does not have a chance at a 10 because sinnering as you see is off. So we're really just hoping for a nine, but the rest of the card was pretty clean. Little bit of a scuff right there, I think. Okay, not too much. Then the back, we have very clean back. Yeah, I saw the back and I was like, wow, this thing is super clean. Top left, top right, bottom right, bottom left. I don't think we checked the front. That corner's like pretty good overall. This injection fairy lily, very nice. So this is a tough one because it's already basically a nine because the sinnering could be held back by basically anything else, including that. But I still think this is a pretty nine quality card. I'm gonna go with nine. I could really see the, actually, I'm gonna go with eight because sometimes even the sinnering hits it down to eight, but this would be an incredibly clean eight. I could also see a nine though. I could see that happening. Then we have a Gemini elf. So it's elf, but there's two elves. So it's always interesting to see that. So top right, top left looks good. Bottom two look good. Surface looks pretty amazing on this card. Yeah, okay. A little bit of that pack scuffing, a little bit of, just a little bit of stuff back there. Corners look good. Wow, this card's really clean. Yeah, this card is really, really clean. I'm gonna go with a nine on this one because it does have a little bit of scuffing on the back, but I think that this is a very clean card. Maybe even a 10, you never know. Three more cards left. Let's see, we have a Genzo. We have graded mini Genzo in our day. Two PSA 10s and some other grades as well. We got a lot of nines. Top left, top right. Yeah, this one is sinnering. Yeah, definitely gonna hold it back. Does not have a chance at the PSA 10, but the rest of the card was pretty amazing. Corners look pretty good. Yep, corners look good. So I think this does have a 10 chance unless they go crazy on the sinnering. Yeah, I'm gonna go with PSA 9 on this Genzo. I think we can get our third PSA 9 Genzo. I think it's possible. Two remaining cards. Here's our relinquish. We have graded this at both CGC and PSA before. I've got a PSA 10, a CGC 9.5. That was pretty cool. Wow, services look incredible. Corners look good. Sinnering is not completely perfect on this card though, but overall it looks really, really minty. Top left, top right, bottom right, beautiful card. Service is very shiny. Ooh, the sinnering, I think, might be what holds it back for a nine, but this is gonna be a super clean nine. I'm gonna go with nine on this one. And finally we have the Blue Eyes Tune Dragon. The service, incredible. Back service, almost as good. A little bit of stuff going on in the middle, but not too much. Corner, amazing. Looking good on the corners. Yeah, looks really good there. Back corners. I mean, I'm not seeing much in here. A couple of scratches. Sinnering looks good. This card I think is a PSA 10 Blue Eyes Tune Dragon. I think it is. We'll see if it actually happens. I'm locking in the 10. I think it's gonna happen. I think this submission should get a couple of 10s at least. We will see. Now that you've seen the pre-grade, here's the box. They didn't actually seal this one. They sealed the last one. They didn't seal this one, which is kind of interesting. Let's see what we can get inside. We don't wanna spoil anything. I thought they didn't grade one for a second. They did, we're good. All right guys, let's check out our eight cards. I can't even remember what was in this one. Last time was amazing. So hopefully we have a comparable return here and do pretty well. We had I think three 10s out of eight last time and like three nine, so it's pretty good. Surface and corners looks good on this card. Oh, this is the Blue Eyes Tune right off the bat. Okay, so corners look pretty good. Sinnering is not completely perfect on this card, but it's not that bad. Looks pretty good overall. Let's check out the surface on the front. Looks pretty nice. I think I predicted like an eight and nine. I don't remember if I said eight. It honestly looks pretty good from what I could tell, but in the case this is very hard to tell. Let's see what the first grade was. Let's go! A Jimin Blue Eyes Tune Dragon. Wow, what an amazing two subs. Like I'm doing these back to back, so it feels like all one, but you guys are seeing it in two different videos. Oh my goodness. That's the way to start. Okay, that's a heck of a start. Let's see the corner here. There's a little bit of whining there. Not too much, but a little bit on that corner area. Not much there. Okay, a little bit going on on the case. Okay, no big deal. Okay, so that bottom left corner is actually super nice. Surface looks, wait, pretty good there.  I forgot this card was in here. I don't think this one was like PSA 10 quality. Centering is not completely perfect, but similar to the Blue Eyes Tune, not too bad. Surface is pretty good. IOC is pretty tough.  What do we get here? This would be a pretty big one though. I don't think we got the 10. I mean, just because like I always think we don't get the 10, let's see. Let's see what we got. A nine. That's pretty awesome actually. A nine, a PSA nine, Black Luster Soldier Envoy of the Beginning. That's an awesome grade. We will take that. This is a great start. I'm feeling pretty good. Okay, this is great. This is awesome. I'm feeling good about it. Okay, top left corner, top right corner, bottom right corner. Is there something going on there? Not really. Like literally a tiny speck. Okay, bottom left is amazing. Surface looks fantastic on this card. Let's see what it is. Oh, I remember this card being super minty. Let's see. The centering is, wow, that centering is like spot on from what I can tell. This I think is a PSA 10. I think I declared this one a PSA 10, which is pretty bold for old school cards. It's hard to actually declare and be like, you know, pretty sure about it. This one I think is a 10 unless I miss something. Whoa, okay, that's the first one. I'm surprised by a nine. Okay, maybe I missed something. Honestly, I thought this guy was a 10. I mean, this is not a super expensive card, so it's not the end of the world. But I definitely thought that this was a 10, but I mean, if we could swap this one in the blue eyes, obviously I'm gonna take the blue eyes. Okay, I mean, not the worst thing ever, we'll take it. Okay, top left. I honestly thought that was a 10. I'm pretty sure I predicted a 10. Maybe it was a different card, but I was pretty sure that one was pretty nice. Back corners are pretty good. Man, services on these cards are super clean. I did nitpick the best cards out of the entire collection to submit. So these are the best of the best in terms of like the actual cards, MRL. We recently graded 9.5 at CGC. Go check out that CGC return video. If you guys enjoyed that kind of video, I mean, in these kind of videos, then you'll enjoy that one. And there's some extra grades to look at too, which is pretty cool. I think the sintering was a little off, so this one's probably like nine at best. But overall, I mean, the service looks really good. We'll take a PSA nine relinquished. I think we're gonna get a nine. We'll see, hopefully a nine. Okay, very good. We'll take that relinquished MRL first edition. This is the one that like maybe could get a 9.5 somewhere, I would think, because it looked pretty clean. The pre-grade, I'll tell all the tales that I'm forgetting right now, because I'm probably forgetting how like scratched up it is or something. Four cards to go. I really don't remember what else we have left. Like we've already seen all the cards that I remembered. Let's see, we got a top right, maybe a tiny, tiny speck of whitening. Bottom right looks, okay. Bottom right, a little bit of whitening there. Okay, not the perfect corners, but not too bad. Oh, Genzo. Genzo was in here, he's way OC, okay. We might be looking at an eight if they get a little crazy on that sintering. Top left's good, top right's good. Bottom right and bottom left. So yeah, probably eight, maybe a nine. I mean, it depends on how rough they're on the sintering in that back corner. Let's see. Near mid to mid eight. Okay, not surprised by that. Probably makes sense. I don't know if we necessarily should have subbed that one, but it's always nice to sub Genzo and see. All right, so we might have started off with the best card of the submission with the blue eyes too. And let's see if we can get another 10 though. We'll take it. So far not bad grades though. We'll definitely take these. Compared with the last submission, it's hard to really follow that up. Wow, surface looks pretty good on these cards. Vampire Lord. This is another one I thought was nice. So the top to bottom sintering was a little bit off. That was about it. These dark crisis cards were pretty nice, but that might be what does it in if anything. Wait, what? Corner might not be perfect there. We'll see. This could maybe not get a 10 then. We'll see. I don't know. Vampire Lord, DCR, first edition, secret rare. Pretty cool. I mean, there's only two secret rares in these old sets. Judgment of Anubis sucked. So this is the one you wanted. Let's see what we got. The hobby secret, the eight. So I think it was that and the sintering. Those corners are not perfect. Man, okay. So this one was not as nice as I thought it was. All right, no big deal. Secret rares are getting hurt. Two more cards. Let's go. Let's try and get something else good. All right, top corner's not too good there. That one's better, I would say. I mean, these corners are definitely not that good. Okay, that bottom left one's pretty good. Fairy Lily. Okay, so we're hoping for a nine on this. I mean, look at the sintering. We're probably looking at another eight, to be honest. Yeah, so the eight is what we're probably hoping for a nine, but maybe getting eight. Yeah, I forgot about this. Let's say it's scuffing on it. This is probably an eight, to be honest. We'll see, I don't know, I don't know. Here we go. Oh, a nine, whoa, that's surprising. So it has this on there and it's off-center. That would have made me think it was an eight, but honestly, a really nice looking card. We're taking the nine. I am a little bit surprised because this card was super minty, but it was off-center. So I was like, it's gonna get a nine. Then I noticed in the pre-grade that it has this on it.  Didn't really work, so I don't know. I guess it was enough to keep it a nine. We'll take it, I'm not too mad about it. Final card, what's it gonna be? We got a little whitening on the top left. Whitening, a tiny bit of whitening on the top, right? Bottom right's good, bottom left a little whitening as well. Jim and I off, so a lot of secrets in this one. A lot of secret rares. Centering looks pretty good from what I can tell so far. Corners look, okay, that corner's not too great on the bottom left. Surface looks pretty clean. We didn't check the back surface. Also clean, so a nine would be great on this one. Honestly, let's just see what it got because at this point we've got eights, nines, we've got tens. I mean, I'll take a nine here, let's see. A nine, okay, we'll take that. All right, so this was a lot more nine filled than the last one, but overall pretty good. We started off with our 110, which was the best card in the submission, so not really complaining here. You're not gonna see me complain about that. Overall, I think a pretty epic submission. I mean, it can't compare to part one because part one was nuts, but if you guys didn't see part one, make sure to check it out because that was awesome. And if you guys enjoyed content like this, make sure to subscribe to the channel for more. Shout out to TCG Trust to cards, Toe & Fo Show, Tomato Juice, Stanley, Mike, Nance, Mimikako, Dexter, Yamusa, Jr. Marding, Anantai Show, JT Show, David FJ, Josh Evans, Clayton Fitzgerald, 87, John Noand, and Brett Palmer. Thank you guys for supporting the channel, and I'll see you guys next time. Peace.


The look of the movie is fucking... it is a beautiful looking movie. It is one of the best looking movies from the 80s that I've seen. The setting too. It's a great setting. This church. The church is amazing. It's an amazing looking church. It helps to add like that gothic feel. Great setting for a horror movie.