Welcome back for more XOZeroes content. Today's video, we're going to discuss the Coreiverse Chance increase for the profit of the Sundtallia recruit, my first impressions. But before that, if you want to see more XOZeroes content, please hit the Subscribe button down below. Finally, guys, here we are mid-tweaking my software for the past few hours. So now I'm ready to start. So we're here again for the Coreiverse Chance increase. Of the profit of the Sundtallia. So it's good that she dropped before the end of the year. So it's like we're going to get a final get from XOZeroes before the year ends, probably end the year on a good note because it has been pretty much very stagnant of late. Haven't been enjoying the content, but I'm excited for this one. So I'll give you my first impressions now of how Tallia's going to shape up our game and our meta, of course. So we'll start with, so after the maintenance tomorrow, so up to January 7th, 2021. Okay, so your main hero is Tallia with a higher probability than in your premium recruit. So she will get her own banner. And my first impressions of her character design is actually if you guys know what Carnival is, it's actually in Brazil. It's kind of their festival. So her costume actually resembles that. And also kind of resembles one of the Asian costumes that we have here in Southeast Asia. So it's good. The design is good. I really love the way she looks. So let's move on to her fate core. So I'm very glad that Tallia has been given her own fate core. I think she deserves it, especially the gold fate core because when I started the game, I actually used Tallia when I was starting for the first few months until I found a better healer than her. So I haven't used her since then, but her fate core gives you a lot of additional attacks that defense, health, and combat power as well. So let's go through her passive. So she actually has a first aid still. So these are her basic heals and dragonite blessing, head dragon knight. And for the blooming someday, we have the Venture Leap again. So Mark increases dodge for self by 40 and attack by 1,000 when attacked. So all Dimension Leap Mark on self are removed after successful dodge stacks up to four times. This is actually good for her kit Dimension Leap because it gives her additional survivability as well. And she is more, she can take hits because she's a healer. So that is great for her. The new passives that she has. Number one, I'll count this now. So Garjan of prophecy is overtime effect. So as long as she's alive and she's not dead yet, she's with her team. All allies get 20% defense. So okay, one click that she gives defense. Next passive would be overturned fate. So two times around when an ally is damaged and their health falls below 30, heals the health of an ally with the most missing health by 60 of the target's maximum health. Okay, so this is one. So we have one point defense, one point again for healing actually two points because she has first aid. So she has two for healing, one for defense. So this one actually is one of the best healing skills I've ever seen falls below 30. Again, if you want to supplement your team with Bathory you can, but this actually is very, very good because it heals 60% of the target's health. That's a big heal, man. So, and yeah, we'll have to test this out in play on what is the order that this triggers, does this trigger before the hero dies or that hero has to have enough health for it to trigger, not just going towards zero. So we'll have to test this out and let's move on. So we have rewind. So when the health of an ally marked where the version falls below 50%, heals the target by 30% of the target's maximum health and removes all the version marks. So again, the version is a mark and I'm sure it's here somewhere. Let's try to look for it. Okay, so it's here. It's in her S2. So if the heal target's health is 50% or more, grants, reversion mark. So let's go back to reversion mark. When the health of an ally reversion falls below 50, so they get healed again. So this is actually heal number three. So this is only for your passive. So reversion marks are actually given to allies when S2 is triggered. Okay, so we'll go back first. This is a bit confusing, so please bear with me. Let's go back first to her S1. So S1 is absolute prophecy. So deals 150 damage to one enemy, afflicts all enemies except the target of prophecy decline mark. If the target mark with prophecy decline attacks you reduces damage received by 50%. So what this means is if you attack, for example, a blocker in the opposite side or the enemy team, the other members on that team will get the prophecy of decline mark. If they have that mark, they will reduce their damage by 50%. Reduces damage that your team takes. So take note, we've recently had a couple of unish potential, which gives a decrease of 30%. And this one, you add this one over 50%. So what does that give you? Only 20%. So this makes your team even tankier with those heroes that give you a damage reduction of 30%. An example of them is I think I've been using her. So Shell has that a damage reduction of 50%. Then you prayer her and Shell. So good luck to the enemies.  So to move on from absolute prophecy. So heals an ally by 29% of maximum health when the attack hits. So it's kind of the same with her previous skill in your original form. So attack, hit, then heals. So and also it has cleanses all debuffs and damage over time effects from the heal target. So S1, for S1 for a one mana skill, this is very good because again, it gives you both defense and healing at the same time. So two points for defense, four points for healing. So I'm counting because she actually creates or makes your team very tanky. So let's move on to her S2. This is a nature's judgment. So required mana four, but it's a burst skill. So deals one at 27 damage to all enemies. Again, it's a burst skill. Heals all allies by 24% of own maximum health when attack hits. So obviously you have to make sure that she gets more HP for this one. So again, another point for healing. So that's five points of healing and two points for defense. Cleanses all debuffs and damage over time effects from heal targets. If the heal target health is 50%, if the heal target's health is 50% or more, transfer version mark. So I'm actually too confused or too overwhelmed with all the heals. So the final count is basically five healing abilities and two defensive abilities. So what else more can I say? She's a healing juggernaut. She's the healer supreme as what I call her. So, but this will actually be boiled down to test play. But I think she will be one of the best healers on top of Dorca, that is. So she will be a great defender. She will also be a great healer. Next is her weapon. So Prophet of the Sun, Taliyah is sorry. Prophet of the Sun, Taliyah is a gold rated fate core. So her chance increase, fate core chance increase is 0.5% again for regular for a gold fate core. So you can earn 28 recruit, 28 core manages are required to guarantee the obtained Prophet of the Sun Taliyah. So you can pit here after 28 pulls. So this is the only time that you could get a chance increase for her when you summon her. So as for her exclusive weapon, chance increase arm of the ancient spirit. Again, I won't recommend you guys to spend for her exclusive weapon. This is actually just another way for you to spend more zest, not really doing it effectively. So I would discourage you to summon for exclusive weapon. So it's the same rate at 0.5%. Okay, so as for my final thoughts in terms of, in terms of Taliyah, great healer and actually increases your team survivability and increases damage reduction, defense damage reduction and healing. What more could you ask for? Very, very good kit. Very well created. This will really benefit tanks or tanky teams. Like for example, you have Garf, you have Rudley, FC Rudley with him.  So that's it. Probably good lineup, but if you could squeeze in Dorca there, better. The other team will have a headache dealing with your team. So anyway guys, that's it for me. Please put down in the comments below what do you think of FC Taliyah. I've been waiting for her fate core for quite a long time and you all stay safe, have a happy new year, looking forward to a great new year and don't forget to support and subscribe to my channel. You all stay safe. This is the Warden.


Welcome back, everyone, to the closing remarks here before we kick off our ecosystem portion of the program. We're live in Palo Alto for the CUBE Special Presentation of SuperCloud 2. It's the second edition of the first one. It was in August. I'm John Furrier with Dave Vellante. He did wrap up with our special guest analyst, George Gilbert, investor and industry legend, former colleague of ours, analyst at Wikibon. George, great to see you, Dave.  We had a contribution from industry vendors, industry experts, practitioners and customers building and redefining their company's business model, rolling out technology for SuperCloud and MultiCloud and ultimately changing how they do data. And data was the theme today. So very, very great program.  Free contents are mission. We'll always stay true to that mission. We want to thank VMware, Alkera, Chaos Search, or ProSimo for being sponsors of this great program. We will have SuperCloud 3 coming up in a month or so or two months. We'll see, or sooner. We don't know. It'll be more about security, but a lot more momentum. Okay, so that's- And don't forget, too, that this program not going to end now. We've got a whole ecosystem speaks track, so still stay tuned for that. It's going to be- Yeah, I mean, we've got another 20 interviews. Yeah. It feels like it. Well, you're going to hear from Saks, Veronica Durgan. You're going to hear from Western Union, Harveer Singh. You're going to hear from Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Nick Taylor, and at Brian Graceley, chimes in on SuperCloud. So he's the man behind the cloudcast, so. Yeah, and the practitioners are getting the attention to also to the cloud networking interviews. Lot of change going on there that's going to be disruptive and actually change the landscape as well. Again, as SuperCloud progresses to be the next big thing. If you're not on this next wave, you'll drift with as Pat Gelsinger says to kick off the closing segments. George Dave, this is a wave that's been identified. Again, people debate the word all you want, SuperCloud. It is a gateway to multi-cloud eventually. It is the standard for new applications, new ways to do data. There's new computer science being generated and customer requirements being addressed. So it's the confluence of, you know, tectonic plates shifting in the industry, new computer science, seeing things like AI and machine learning and data at the center of it and new infrastructure all kind of coming together. So to me, that's my takeaway so far. That is the big story that's going to change society and ultimately the business models of these companies. Well, we've had, you know, you think about it, we came out of the financial crisis. We've had 10, 12 years despite the COVID of tech success. Right, and just now, CIOs are starting to hit the brakes. And so my point is you've had all this innovation building up for a decade and you've got this massive ecosystem that is running on the cloud. And the ecosystem is saying, hey, we can have even more value by tapping best of breed across clouds and you've got customers saying, hey, we need help. We want to do more. And we want to point our business and our intellectual property, our software tooling at our customers and monetize our data. So you have all these forces coming together and it's sort of entering a new era.  Your interview with Bob Muglia with Dave was, I thought a watershed moment for me to hear that the data apps, how databases are being rethought because we've been seeing a diversity of databases with Amazon Web Services, promoting no one database rules the world. Now it's not one database kind of architecture that's fueling these new apps. What's your takeaway from this event? So if you keep your eye on this North Star where instead of building apps that are based on code, you're building apps that are defined by data coming off of things that are linked to the real world, like people place as things and activities. Then the idea is, and the example we use is Uber, but it could be Amazon.com is defined by stuff coming off data in the Amazon ecosystem or marketplace. And then the question is, and everyone was talking at different angles on this, which was, where is the data live? How much do you hide from the developer? And when can you offer that? And you started with Walmart, which was describing traditional apps that are just code. And frankly, that's easier to make that cross-cloud and essentially location independent. As soon as you have data, you need data management technology that a customer does not have the sophistication to build. And then the argument was like, so how much can you hide from the developer who's building data apps? Tristan's version was you take the modern data stack and you start adding these APIs that define business concepts like bookings, billings and revenue. Or in the Uber example, like drivers and riders and ETAs and prices, but those things execute still on the data warehouse or data lake house. Then Bob Muglia was saying, you're not really hiding enough from the developer because you still gotta say how to do all that. And his vision is not only do you hide where the data is, but you hide how to sort of get at all that code by just saying what you want. You define how a car and how a driver and how a rider works. And then those things automatically figure out underneath the covers. So huge challenges, right? There's governance, there's security, they could be big blockers to the super cloud, but the industry is going to be attacking that problem. Well, what's your take? What's your favorite segment? Zamuck the Gandhi came on, she's starting in that company, exclusive news that was big notable moment for theCUBE. She launched her company. She pioneered the data mesh concept. And I think what George is saying, what data mesh points to is, something that we've been saying for a long time that data is now going to flip the script on how apps behave. So in the Uber example, I think it's illustrated because people can relate to Uber, but imagine that for every business, whether it's a manufacturing business or retail or oil and gas or fintech, they can look at their business like a game, almost gamify it with data. Riders, cars, moving data around the value of data. This is something that Adams, let's keep teased out at AWS days. So what's your takeaway from this super cloud? Where are we in your mind? Well, Ms. Jamak's big thing is data products and decentralizing your data architecture, but putting data in the hands of domain experts who can actually monetize the data. And I think that's, to me, that's really exciting because look at data products, financial industry has always been doing building data products, mortgage-backed securities is a data product, but why should the financial industry have all the fun? I mean, virtually every organization can tap its ecosystem, build data products, take its internal IP and processes and software and point it to the world and actually begin to make money out. Okay, so let's go around the horn. I'll start, I'll get you guys some time to think. Next question, what did you learn today? I learned that I think it's an infrastructure game and talking to Kit Colbert at VMware, I think it's all about infrastructure refactoring. And I think the data is gonna be an ingredient that's gonna be operating system-like. I think you're gonna see the infrastructure influencing operations that will enable super clouds to be real and developers won't even know what a super cloud is because they'll be using it. It's the operations focus is gonna be very critical, just like DevOps movement started cloud native, I think you're gonna see a data native movement and I think infrastructure is critical as people go the next level. That's my big takeaway today. And obviously the data conversations at the center, I think security data are gonna be always active, horizontally scalable concepts, but every company is gonna reset their infrastructure, how it looks and it's not set up for data and or things that there need to be agile on. It's gonna be a non-starter. So I think that's the cloud next gen distributed computing. I mean, what came into focus for me was I think the hyperscalers are gonna continue to do their thing and be very, very successful. And they're each coming at it from different approaches. We talk about this all the time in theCUBE, Amazon, the best infrastructure, Google's got its data and AI thing and it's playing catch up and Microsoft's got this massive estate. Okay, cool, check. The next wave of innovation, which is coming from data, I've always said follow the data, that's where the money's gonna be, is gonna come from other places. People want to be able to, organizations want to be able to share data across clouds, across their organization, outside of their ecosystem and make money with that data sharing. They don't want to FTP it anymore. I got it, you take it. They want to work with live data in real time. And I think the edge, we didn't talk much about the edge today, is gonna even take that to a new level. Real time inferencing at the edge, AI and being able to do new things with data that we haven't even seen, but playing around with chat GPT, it's blowing our mind. And I think you're right. It's like when we first saw the browser, holy crap, this is gonna change the world. Yeah, and the chat GDP, by the way, it's gonna create a wave of machine learning and data refactoring for sure. But also, Howie Hsu had an interesting comment. He was asked by a VC how much to replicate that. And he said it's in the hundreds of millions, not billions. Now, if you ask that same question to how much to replicate AWS, the CapEx alone is unstoppable. They're already done. So, you know, the hyperscalers are gonna continue to boom. I think they're gonna drive the infrastructure.  It blew me away a hundred million to create kind of an open AI, you know, competitor. Look at companies like Lacework. Some people have that much cash on the balance sheet. These are security companies that have raised a billion dollars, right? To compete, you know? If you're not shifting left, what do you do with data? Shift up? What did you learn, George? I'm listening to you and I think you're helping me crystallize something which is the software infrastructure to enable the data apps is wide open. The way Zemach described it is like if you want a data product like a sales and operation plan, that is built on other data products like a sales plan which has a forecast in it, a demand, it has a production plan, it has a procurement plan and then a sales and operation plan is actually a composition of all those and they call each other. Now in her current platform, you need to expose to the developer a certain amount of mechanics on how to move all that data, when to move it, like what happens if something fails. Now, Muglia's saying I can hide that completely. So all you have to say is what you want and the underlying machinery takes care of everything. The problem is Muglia's stuff is still a few years off and Tristan is saying I can give you much of that today but it's got to run in the data warehouse. So this trade-offs all different ways but again, I agree with you that the cloud platform vendors or the ecosystem participants who can run across cloud platforms and private infrastructure will be the next platform and then the cloud platform is sort of where you run the big honking centralized stuff where someone else manages the operations. It sounds like middleware to me, Dave. The key is, I'll just end with this, the key is being able to get to the data whether it's in a data warehouse or a data lake or a S3 bucket or an object store, Oracle database, whatever. It's got to be inclusive. That is critical to execute on the vision that you just talked about because that data is in different systems and you're not going to put it all into some new system. So creating middleware in the cloud, that sounds what it sounds like to me. You discovered Paz. And it's a super Paz. But it's platform services because Paz connotes like a tightly integrated platform. Well, this is the real thing that's going on. We're going to see how this evolves. George, great to have you on, Dave. Thanks for the summary. I enjoyed this segment a lot today. This ends our stage performance live here in Palo Alto. As you know, we're live stage performance and syndicate out virtually. Our afternoon program is going to kick in now. You're going to hear some great interviews. We've got Chaos Search, Defining the Network SuperCloud from Prosimo, Future of Cloud Network Alkira. We've got Saks, a retail company here. She's Veronica Durgan. We've got Dave with Western Union. So a lot of customers are pharmaceutical company, Warner Brothers Discovery, media company. And then what's really needed for super cloud good panels. So stay with us for the afternoon program. It's part two of super cloud two. This is a wrap up for our stage live performance. I'm John Foy with Dave Vellante and George Gilbert here, Wrapping Up. Thanks for watching and enjoy the program.


The Huawei Lee Library Annex, located on Columbus Road in Athens, Ohio, is the home of the Southeast Ohio Regional Library Depository, a high-density library storage facility for the Ohio University Libraries. The building, previously used as a car dealership and a roller skating rink, was purchased by Ohio University in 1993 and opened for operation in 1998. The facility's namesake, Dr. Huawei Lee, was dean of libraries from 1978 to 1999. The facility currently maintains a collection of over 600,000 items, ranging in material type from books and bound journals to VHS tapes and reel-to-reel film canisters. Materials housed at the Annex are those that have relatively low circulation rates, but have been deemed unique enough for preservation. Annex items can be requested on the library's online catalog and are delivered daily to Alden Library. The facility also offers document delivery services, by which requested articles and passages from print materials are digitally scanned and sent to the requester. This particular scanner is designed to minimize damage to print materials by utilizing an adjustable book cradle. Because of its size and design, it can handle some of the larger materials housed at the Annex. Unlike traditional flatbed scanners, this planetary scanner captures images from overhead so that materials don't need to be forced to lay flat. The high-density shelving at the Annex is mammoth. Each range of shelf is 4.5 feet wide by 3 feet deep. And 20 feet tall. The shortest rows of shelves are 6 ranges long or 27 feet. The longest rows are 14 ranges long or 63 feet. And there are 29 rows of shelves. Imagine you're a film historian researching the silent era. You might be interested in these film reels of Lon Cheney's performance in 1925's Hunchback of Notre Dame. You see they're located at the library Annex. Being no stranger to the library website and online catalog, you know that if you hit that purple request button at the top of the page, you'll have your hands on those reels in no time. Sure A Patron initiates a material request. That request is stored in Sierra, the library's integrated library system, or ILS. As part of their daily routine, staff at the Annex check for Annex requests in Sierra. Request slips are printed and the materials are located, collected, and delivered to Alden Library. All Annex staff are trained and certified to operate an industrial lift, allowing them to access all items housed at the facility. Even those on the top shelf of the 20 foot tall shelving units. The film reel you requested has been located. It will now be delivered to Alden Library and you'll receive a notification when it has arrived. The Huawei Li Library Annex provides services essential to the operations of a modern research institution. It allows Ohio University libraries to maintain robust and unique collections of material. Without it, our collections would suffer. Space constraints would make the tough decisions about which materials to keep and which to discard more frequent and more necessary. The facility has undergone recent improvements targeting the climate control of the building. With such improvements illustrating the library's and university's commitment to the depository, we can expect a future of continued access to the diverse and unique holdings of the Huawei Li Library Annex. Thank you.


Hey folks, thanks for coming all here to my talk and being interested in Memexy stuff. I assume some of you may heard about that term before in the past, raise your hands. Okay, so for those of you who don't, Memex is a concept that has been populated or made popular by Vannevar Bush. He was a scientist from mid 20th century and he envisioned the device that would let you organize, connect and share your knowledge. Back then it was a microfilm, obviously not really feasible from a hardware point of view, but now we're in a stage where we can do that and so we started to build what Vannevar wanted to build, hopefully. So who of you knows these problems? Please raise your hands and let them up if you're still in it, okay. Okay, let them up. Who of you knows this problem when trying to save stuff? And who of you knows this problem? Okay, yeah, then you probably like what I'm about to show you. So the thing is, when we're thinking about our knowledge, the way our brain stores information is always contextual to other things. So when you're looking at, for example, that article that you saw while browsing in the back rows of the talk at FUSDEM, you remember some words from that article. You remember the date, you remember it was at an event, but these are not the things we can search for. And that's because the way our software currently is structured doesn't allow the kind of fluid, associative memory to be taken advantage of that we have, right? Like if we think about it, we use 15th century tools to organize the kind of 21st century digital knowledge. So we first had libraries that were very siloed. So you had to go to a library and find a book. Then you had to go to the digital age. You had to go to organizations like Facebook, like your knowledge management, task management, your Google search, everything is disconnected. So it's basically like a library again. But what we think is the future is connected knowledge. And you may have heard also about an application called Notion before. Who of you has used that? One person? It's a really, really great tool because it allows you to connect knowledge and data objects with each other in a very customizable way because it is so connected. And what Notion is for kind of wikis, knowledge management in that regard, we want to do for web research. So let me show you how that works in practice. So now I'm reading this article. This is the article, by the way, about MemEx, the original concept, not ours. And what do I remember? I maybe remember the word recollection, right? So I had no chance to find this again if I just remember that word. I could re-google it maybe, but that takes so much time. So what you can do with MemEx is you type in W, space into the address bar, the browser, the word recollection, and then you have all the results from every website that you visited with that word in it. You can also say, please show me everything after like 20 minutes ago and filter by time. You have also an overview where you can, for example, tag stuff. You can sort it into collections because not needing to organize doesn't mean you can't. Obviously, you need to have some sort of flexibility in terms of how you organize your knowledge. The second issue that the tool tackles is one of note-taking. So we all know whenever we take notes about the web stuff we see we have to copy paste it out. We have to use the web clipper and make a snapshot of the page in Evernote and then write some inline text and you cannot share it. You cannot reuse it. It's locked into this data silo again. So what you can do here is you already saw the little tooltip. You can just highlight any piece of text and add notes to it. And another thing that you might also encounter constantly, specifically if you're in the journalistic or doc writers for open source projects, that you want to show people specific pieces of an article and not the whole thing. So right now you need to copy paste out that specific section and then you need to copy paste again the URL. The other person needs to do a whole shanning again. So what you can do is you can just highlight any piece and click on the second button that you saw. It's maybe too low. I'm putting it up here. So here hopefully the internet works. Yeah. Okay, it worked. So now you get a link that you can share with anyone. And this is what happens. You can really quickly link stuff with just a click. So that's the current state. That's actually my production version. That's my private memex. You can download that already. You go on this website, if the internet loads, worldbrain.io. If you want to do that, I repeat it later again, if you like. So really important. This tool is obviously because I'm here at FOSTA entirely open source and also we value data ownership and privacy a lot. So we designed this application to be offline first. And it runs by default all on your computer. No data is sent to any server except you want to share stuff. Then there obviously other people get specific access to specific sub data. For the linking, we... Hello? Cable? I'll try it again. How to take a moment. Maybe I should disable flux or so. Okay. Just don't touch it. Just don't touch it. Yeah, so all your data is stored locally. And if we make these links, we for example only store the highlighted text, the URL, but no IPs, who gets it. We actually never looked into the database of those links before. We really don't want to analyze any of your data. And that's also really important for the kind of business approach we have because it's a for profit project. We try to build a SAS model out of it. But we intentionally don't take venture capital because we know that if we want... Once we do that, we would at some point need to sacrifice your data. It's inevitable because we... For the sake of growth that is required to have a venture-backed business, we at some point need to build lock-ins. We need to somehow monetize this huge chunk of data that is potentially on our servers for the sharing services. So that's not what we want to do. Instead, we use a model that is called Steward Ownership. You can also read about that on our website, which is basically a way of incentivizing collaborators and investors with some sort of profit sharing model that doesn't require us to grow in order, like to grow infinitely in order to give people a fair share for the risk they're taking. Also, the vision of where we want to go is that this MemeX is just one MemeX. It is really like every person on this planet has a completely different way of doing knowledge management. Everyone uses different apps that they want to connect with each other. Everyone has different workflows. So we really want to enable a whole ecosystem of MemeX devices that can be adapted to different workflows. So a developer might use a different MemeX than a student, than a journalist, than an entrepreneur. And that's also a reason why we don't take venture capital, is to be able to say, hey, the ecosystem can generate 95% plus of the wealth, of the revenue of the users in the ecosystem, and we would still be okay because we don't need to grow infinitely in that ecosystem. So, yeah, interoperability is at the core of what we do. It means you can easily switch to another MemeX and modify it and do whatever you want. You're not locked into our services. On that note, what we launched this week is the ability to back up and restore your data to any cloud provider. So we have built a little local server app for all main operating systems that would allow you to basically upload the backup to all cloud providers that have a local file system integration. So you stay full control of your backups, too, if you like to do that. But obviously, you can also choose Google Drive. That's for the majority of people. We haven't done that yet for priority reasons.  And when we have, for the syncing, for the syncing, the kind of relay, because we offer, like, asynchronous syncing, then we encrypt it on travel. But it will be deleted after it's synced. So it's possible on the basis of that. We haven't implemented it yet. But it's thought about to just point to a server, have some authentication, and just say make a append-only backup log there. So that's possible. With a little bit of contribution, that's certainly possible, yeah. So yeah. And then the next step for us is peer-to-peer sync between your devices. Means you can have, yeah, you can also use it on mobile phone. What we offer, then, as a service is to say for everyone who doesn't want to run a server or doesn't know how to run a server, we do it for them. And for everyone who knows that and wants to be independent, they can host their own handshake server, signaling server, to make the peer-to-peer sync possible. For that, we also developed a library that we call Storex, which is a library that would allow us to gradually replace our backend infrastructure. So, for example, we may think to implement an IPFS backend or a dot backend to make more distributed sharing possible. And so, because we're not sure yet which one of those to take, we have built this kind of modular database abstraction ecosystem for JavaScript. Please check it out. And maybe it's useful to you too. Which brings us to another next step that we're doing. That is collaboration. And so that's also the initial premise of the talk, is how do we actually be able to collaborate more in our web research? Because right now, there are so many limitations because our data is also locked up and it's very hard to reshare information. Because for one, you need to re-google it, right? Then you need to find all your notes that are relevant to it that you may have left in a chat log somewhere or in another note-taking application or in an email thread. And so it becomes so scattered that it's very hard to share. And so, one of the, like these are the three features that we're focusing on. And for example, the first one, co-curation of collections, means that you can create these folders that you then can share with other people and collaborate in curating them. This might be useful for entrepreneurs to do some customer research or for journalists to do the story research together. So, hey, this is all the stuff that I read about climate change here. Please, you can look through it and you can also full-text search through them. So, that's part of the publishing collections. You can basically say, maybe as a thought leader term, like someone who likes to share knowledge and who likes to share thoughts, maybe giving them the ability to say, look, here's the thousand articles that I ever read about climate change. And I don't want to just share a list. You can discover what I've searched for or what I looked at, for example, by just typing, what did this guy say about ocean acidification? And then basically being able to search in this kind of shared subset of his knowledge or her knowledge, plus all the annotations that this person has left there and wanted to share with the community or peer to peer. There is no central platform. It's really you shared with your people and your tribe and you find other people that you want to look into that, like, into the knowledge of those other people too. And the last point is annotation threats. So, having conversations, like really responding to annotations and highlights that people have made inside an article to exchange thoughts about that and be very precise about this. So, yeah, I wanted to end the talk a bit early, perfect, because I wanted to give a bit of room for questions, because it may be that it's complicated. So, so please. So it's a federation built in or on the road, because if I have my memory instance, and I have all my annotations, then if I have an other one too, and I said also, but they didn't know how to set it up, they can come to me, but then the data becomes centralized on my notes. So, is there any way for it not to commute? So, the thing is, that's also reason why we built Storex. In the beginning, we might have to start more centralized, because it's very difficult to build a federated system that at the end is useful to non-technical audiences. And so, because our tool is made for developers, but not exclusively, we probably start with more centralized ways, then thinking about how we make data interoperable. So, for example, by using a distributed hash table, like duck does it, so that addressability, that might be the technical now, that addressability becomes interoperable, but authentication server might be more centralized. So, we need to find, we need to figure that out still. I don't have a definite answer. But it's on our, it's in our interest to make the system as interoperable, and for the user as free to move as possible. I'm wondering about this, working together on the same knowledge. You mentioned the collaboration stuff that you want to do, but is that production ready? No, it's like in the roadmap. Yes. Okay. So, before that, as far as I understood, is the server that you set up somewhere, you make it run, and you send data to it, right? Is it possible for multiple people to set up the same server, and then they share everything freely, 100% with no... Potentially, yes. Now, it's more, right now, the version is more on a single player focus. So, multiplayer with having multiple people on the same server, that would be the difficulty that we're talking about, because that would mean we have a mastodon-like system where you need to sign up for a new node, to be a part of that node, and that is difficult in a more decentralized collaboration. At some node, etc., does it store the actual current version of the site, or just some metadata, and when I look at it after a year, and the site changes it meanwhile, if it does not change? So, what we... Yes, for that use case, that would be a problem right now. So, it doesn't... It doesn't persist the page, but it's on our roadmap to make snapshotting possible, and we're going to work with the Internet Archive. They said they gave their goal that we basically say, with every annotation that is done in a certain time frame, we make a snapshot at the Internet Archive, and add a link to an alternative snapshot to the page for that particular annotation, so that in any case you could at least go back to the Internet Archive, and then afterwards, being able to snapshot it for yourself, if you like to, but the thing is that this space-wise can get a bit tricky. This year. So, it will certainly come before we do the collaboration, because there it becomes more important to have a central source of truth when you're talking about an article. Sorry, yeah? I understood that the product is still early, like there's a lot of things to do, but I didn't hear of the search in China, or two, two, three, or the next we can save, and like two, two, two, two. Also, in the timeline, like for example, your reference can change, like you can find first reference, and then another one, and the new one, change how you think about the first one, all these kind of things you can, how you access all of your OpenMX, like you've been told about that. I'm not sure I've understood the question. How do you search through all the contents you connect? How we solve that? You search. How do you search all the contents? So, the technology underneath? Yeah. Yes, we built a search layer on top of taxiJS that runs in a browser, it's a custom search engine, and that right now we tested about 200,000 articles, and it didn't have, like, it has a little bit of flow down, but not measurable. But you didn't have down any specific word on this? Oh, no, no, I didn't do anything. Every website you visit is automatically indexed in the background, and if you have a decent, fast computer, you don't feel it at all, slower. Okay, him because he was for you. Yeah, to export it, we actually use hypothesis annotation client, so it's the same library. We don't export it yet as an open annotation data model, but it's planned to do so, yeah, totally. Yeah, it's a browser extension, but I haven't tested it on Chrome OS. Because the device which they use, not only for browsing, it's easy, fast boot, and works nice. If a Chrome extension works on Chrome OS, it should work. Just back in the page, because it's inside of the browser, it shouldn't be a problem. I guess so. We haven't just packaged it yet. Okay, does that mean you're going to go to Firefox? Yeah, it's Firefox, all browsers that support a web extension date, standards, so cool.


I think we'll start. Welcome to this panel discussion on Indigenous languages, cultures, and ways of knowing. Opening up opportunities with OER. Before we get into it, I just wanted to give a brief introduction to who I am and why I am here. So my name is Julianne Grenley. I work with ICDE, the International Council for Open and Distance Education. We are the oldest and leading membership association for Open and Flexible Distance Education. We are turning 85 years old this year. So we've been in the business for quite a while. We are now learning as much as we can about the intersection between OER and open education and Indigenous languages, cultures, communities, and ways of knowing. Quickly, just wanted to mention that we have a conference coming up in November. You can see that also on our website, ICDE.org. And one coming up after that in June. You can become a member. I will leave it like that. And not to forget that you might have heard me or my colleagues talk that I'm also the coordinator of the European Network for OER, the young coordinate work. All right. So back to why we are here. Today we have a panel. We are going to have a conversation. We invite questions from you all on this topic. We're asking why are we talking about this? This room probably we all agree. This is an important thing to talk about and to learn more about. We know we have the UNESCO OER recommendation. Some of it is outlined in there. We are obviously dealing with ASDG4, not to mention everything in these Sustainable Development Goals. And the fact that we are currently in the international decade of Indigenous languages. So that is the kind of backstory. And I'm not going to delve into any of it, rather to go in and have this conversation with the panelists. There's six people. My name is there, but I am just here to facilitate the conversation with all the humility in the world. I'm not an Indigenous person and I do not represent anything, but I will facilitate the conversation. There will be five panelists in total. Three of them are here. Two of them are currently presenting in a different room and they will join us when they can. My Greta Daiyu Yuzin is here. So we will start there. And I will let you introduce yourself and maybe a little bit about the context of why you are a part of this conversation today. So start with me. Hello everyone. Good afternoon. I'm Daiyu from Taiwan. So probably some of you heard of my name story, but at the beginning, maybe you're short-term memory for me. My name is based on my father. He think I was a blossom flower on mountain hills. So that was my name in Mandarin meaning. And today, me and my colleague Yuxing Wang, we were introduced Taiwan Indigenous culture a little bit. So I return the time to her right now. Okay. Hello everyone. I'm Yuxing Wang. I'm from Taiwan as well. And I'm holding a PhD. So I'm done my teaching for quite a long time, nearly 20 years. In the same time that Yuxing is my Mandarin name, so I got the others names because I'm Taiwan Indigenous people. So I got quite a lot of names. So you can see the poster got my another name is called Danibu. And I follow my grandmother's name, Bawu. So I got several names. And I will tell the story to you if you have time. Now, okay. I just introduce myself first and will share my story to you. Thank you. Okay. I'm Margrethe Treisman. I'm coming from Norway and I'm the Educational Manager of the Norwegian Digital Learning Arena which is a huge repository owned by the Norwegian Counties that provide OER for a secondary education in Norway. So many, including myself, think if you look at the panel, you think you're looking at experts. I'm not an expert in this area of Indigenous languages at all or Indigenous culture, Indigenous resources. But I know quite a lot about OERs. And the last few years, my repository has collaborated with the northernmost counties of Norway, providing some resources for the Sami population in Norway, especially in foreign language. Southern Sami, especially as a foreign language, is what we have most resources for. So it's a foreign language because of the language loss that happened during the 20th century, especially 19th, 20th century. So I can tell you a bit more about that later on. Thank you. So we have some questions lined up for the panelists and if you want to add to them, raise your hand and we'll make this an interactive conversation. We will start with the wider and more open-ended question. What does opening up education with OER mean for the preservation, promotion, and sharing of Indigenous languages, cultures, and knowledge systems? And I invite the panelists to share from their experience within their work towards this question. And if I may, starts from Taiwan. Okay. Hello again. Well, I have around seven years of doing Taiwan Indigenous culture digital cochlear. So from my experience, I was always wondering what is open meaning? Is it supposed to be a transform into the digital world? We make the Indigenous culture like a museum just turning to like a video version or supposed to be open in mind, truly embrace the culture and the language. Because when I was making all this curriculum, we're still using another language to transform the culture and the stories. And most of the people, even from my land, doesn't know really how many groups in our country and what is happening, the true reality they stand in front. So even from now, we still have many things to struggle with and need to face it. So I think open and all the preservation, not just doing at the oral presentation, we still need to more action about it and truly devotion into these things because we are facing a human racist issues. That's what I know. It's kind of heavy, but I'm telling this. What an inspect. Thank you. Do you want to add to that? It's a little bit sad to talking about this. It's a huge question. It is a huge question. And I think then I just I can tell you a bit about the Norwegian context of where we are because in Norway, education is free and education material is also free. So so that the cost argument of open resources is not valid actually, because for the students, it's the same or for the pupils, it's the same. Who provides the material. But I think that our model where we engage teachers from the upper secondary schools to come and work with us as a form of succumbent for a period of time and they keep their pay and they stay at their school. So when I say come and work with us, it's not physical, but they start working with us digitally.  They stay in their communities and they get the same pay as they do for teaching, making resources. So in a situation where there is a shortage of Sámi teachers and we don't want them to leave their schools, that would be a catastrophe if they did that. So we want them to stay in their schools. This model, we think could be a good model for providing resources in Sámi subjects or Sámi languages. We could collaborate with the teachers in that way. So I think that is the strength of our model and for OER as well as all the capacity building that happens if the teachers are in charge of their own resources, are in charge of making them, sharing them with each other and also putting them on our platform where they are open and free to absolutely everyone. So also adults and anyone who wants to educate themselves can access them there. So I think capacity building is a key word here. Now you made a reference and I know that I'm not going to make the right reference here, but you started talking about open and how often we are related that to digital. We're digitalizing educational materials and then you use the word museum. Yeah. Do you want to elaborate a little bit on what that means to you? It's another sad story because in Taiwan we've been colonized for several years, even for now, transformed from different countries, Japan's to a KMT and to a new governance situation and most of the scholars, I'm sorry, there are many scholars, anthologies, historians, they come to serve us and make us like a sculpture or animals to be researched and put us like to a museum to be observed. So even for now, there are so many research about us, about our culture, they don't even ask about it. They just interact at their daily life and rip all the platform to express themselves and we don't really get to know them but actual or face-to-face, they just interpret them and make the academic system, I'm sorry, I was kind of quite emotional, but most of the Taiwanese doing indigenous research make their own status based on them, but they don't give them back to the dessert. They're just using them to establish themselves and that is a sad fact in our society right now but compared to the other side, indigenous don't have the academic way to do that because we don't acknowledge. We live in a society built by the education was from the colonizer and they dominated us. We're using the language so and can we ask, does any of them know our language or know our mother tongue language or can they do the things we do? Can they survive in the wilderness with us together without any electricity or any water and found in food by themselves? No, they can't. They don't even know any land or plants on our Taiwan lands, their name, they just need to Google it or use some app to search, leave and find the actual name in English or in Mandarin but they don't know the real name from our community indigenous way. So this kind of dilemma, they're using us to establish themselves but indigenous people still being oppressed since right now? Another heavy issue. I'm sorry, I just say another sad story. My colleague will go into cry so I probably will become more funny right now. Talk about more interesting, how they do research about us. I think it's an interesting perspective because you're talking about OER or the resources being about the indigenous community rather than for. The example that, or the Sami resources that are being developed in NDLA I know are being created for Sami students. And also by Sami teachers. And then you mentioned there's maybe, there's a resource gap, not only in you saying there's a capacity building element when NDLA enters and works with the Sami teachers to develop resources but also there's an issue with the fact that there might not be enough teachers. Yes. Correct? Yes, that is true. And it's also an issue with resources and where they are in the different systems. So the Sami parliament, we have a Sami parliament in Norway that deals with Sami issues. So they have the money for learning resources and the main responsibility of providing learning resources. But then you have the counties that is our employees or employers and they have a responsibility for upper secondary pupils. So they will also have the responsibility for the Sami upper secondary pupils, at least most of them. But there are very little collaboration between these two bodies of, different bodies of government. So while the Sami parliament has the main responsibility for providing resources, they would much rather prefer to spend their money on a very small and vulnerable Sami publishing industry and that is really, I understand that completely. But it's not enough, it goes too slow, little is done and everything is about capacity. There are so few people being able to do this work. And we really would like to do more but there is, as I said, very little collaboration between the Sami parliament and the counties. So I hope that will change this year, in June this year, Norway had its truth and reconciliation report delivered to the Norwegian parliament, the first of June. And now it's been worked on in our parliament. They are having it now and discussing it. And I am very, a bit nervous but also very excited to see what comes out of it and what kind of advice, what kind of, if there are any musts in that report when it comes out of the parliament and if that could be something about collaboration and providing more resources, it would be great, I think. Because it's in the report, of course that is important, but then there is practice. So we don't know quite what will happen. And just to check these Sami publishers, they are not applying open licenses to materials, are they? Sorry. Are the Sami publishers at any means open? No, they're quite traditional, yeah. And provide mostly textbooks that are in the traditional publishing, while doing things with, yeah, not open. So we're talking about the opportunity space, but also the challenges, clearly, with opening up education with OER. Or we're talking, and we've highlighted the words of preservation, promotion, and sharing. And sometimes maybe that doesn't feel like the right question to ask. You're talking about how maybe it is more of the promotion bit that it has been used for. Do you have any examples or thoughts around the sharing or even just the preservation of knowledge and languages? Something that doesn't just feel cultured and not for language, because we use Mandarin to do that. So that's a little bit of a shame to do that. But use Mandarin can promote the culture to everyone who know Mandarin. But for Indigenous people, not really, because when you use Mandarin to talking about a philosophy about Indigenous people, that's totally different. But we try, trying to do that. For my role, I'm doing artwork. I'm doing all kinds of creation. I teach art, so there's another language to do that. It's through the art, you will know something maybe the Mandarin or the language cannot do. Yes, so that's what I want to say. Not just the language. Okay, at what point does it become OERs for the students themselves? We are talking, you know, we hear examples of the challenges between, you know, who should be developing resources for some students in Norway and whether it should be publishers. And we've seen the keynote this morning and we're talking about public funds for public good. And then the examples from Taiwan. Does it feel like the opportunities are there? And what does that look like in Taiwan? Now we are doing that. We are the first indigenous, we are the first university who had indigenous studies, so that was the first step. And we also have the first indigenous online courses. And while we're doing that, we also give the platform to the indigenous people use their own languages to explain themselves. So on my curriculum, I always use double subtitles. I don't use Mandarin just enough. I ask them to use the language to say all the things and ask them to try to translate by themselves. So there will be no inter-teparations or misunderstanding about the culture of things. And also I will ask about what they are facing right now, not just talk about past, because more people are interested in how the traditional life is. We are living in 21st century. And things change fast, even AI coming. Indigenous students can also learn AI with cultures. So later we will share some of our group work for everyone in this section. There is an AR postcard we made it on the table. So everyone is free to have... If you like it, you can... Yeah, and the indigenous clothing in Taiwan also have different groups. And we choose four of them are a little bit easier for us to do it in a 3D way. So if you like it, and maybe later you can grab the thing from Taiwan, a little small token for everyone, so that people can know about our Taiwan indigenous. Thank you. Thank you. The translation, I think it's an opportunity that we talk about often with OER. So we have an opportunity to translate, localize, adapt. And then there's the technology bit of it. So there's AI in the versions of ways of doing that. And I know that I have had a conversation with you, Magreta, about translations into Sami. I mean, would you mind telling us a little bit what you told me about that? Well, first of all, translations are... It's both good and not good because, of course, you have to provide context. You have to provide the right context. So we are in the process of making a science subject in Sami, in northern Sami, and the teachers working with it. I feel like I'm always talking about the challenges and not the good things about this. But, okay. So it turned out to be mostly translation of the science subject that we had earlier on. So these Sami's teachers translated it. And it's correct according to the curriculum for the Sami students. So it's not left out anything, but the context which would make it a really good learning, or good learning resources with some films, some pictures from Sami areas, good examples of Sami ways of life, and so on and so on. There was no time, there was no resources, but we are not giving up on it. So I hope one day we will have that subject where we will replace films and pictures and make it a better subject. But you were asking, I think you were talking about translation and language robots and things like that. I think I was talking about a robot indeed. Well, there is a robot that they have been working with at the University of Tromsø for a few years. And we were kind of naive and asked them, well, why can't we just translate everything from Norwegian and into Northern Sami? And it will go like that. And of course we'll have some Sami teachers look at it afterwards that it's correct and so on and so on. But it's not good enough yet. So it doesn't translate very good or very well from Sami to Norwegian. It translates well between the Sami languages. And there was one interesting thing that the researcher at the university told me. She said, I would rather have them read Norwegian in school than another article in Bad Sami. So we have to wait a bit. But now, okay, we know what's happening with AI and the last thing we heard that it doesn't make sense in Sami yet, but there is every reason to think that that will move quite fast. So, and I have no scruples in making resources with that kind of technology, but then again, context, context, context. We have to use humans to provide the context, right? And I might get a good resource. It sounds like the argument is very well there for making sure that once it is in Sami and the translation models actually work pretty well between the Sami languages. As long as it's openly licensed, the opportunity to share that across is much higher, even still. Johanna, do you wanna join us? So you remember there was two missing? You'll show up. So this is Johanna Funk from Australia and I'll let her introduce herself. We are, and then you are on the hot seat, so. Yes, I'm a lecturer of cultural knowledges and teacher education at Charles Darwin University in Northern Australia on Learakea Country. Saltwater people live there. I wanna acknowledge that that was and always will be Aboriginal land. Just take a minute to say that. I've been doing open educational practices with Indigenous education and workforce development for my PhD in 2020. And since then, I've started to work more so with Indigenous senior colleagues on research projects to enhance and improve pathways for teacher education. Indigenous teacher pathways from assistant teachers into the Bachelor of Education as well as embedding Indigenous knowledges in the higher education curriculum across the university. So not necessarily decolonization or indigenization, but embedding. So we started that project just recently and I spent some time at Windsor University with some good colleagues out there because they have some interesting processes to do that. So we're doing some exchange. And we are on the main question. So we are asking for some reflections on what opening up education using OER could mean for the preservation, promotion and sharing of Indigenous languages, cultures and knowledge systems. And we have heard a little bit from Norway and from Taiwan. Perhaps we can also hear from Australia straight after Gino introduces himself as the final representative in this panel. I'm going to go back to the slide with the names. Welcome, Gino. Thanks, Julian. Do you want to do a quick introduction? Are you? You. Oh, hi. Hi, everyone. Sorry for being late. I literally just presented opposite. Yeah, my name's Gino Fransman. I am from South Africa. Like it says there, I'm the project leader of the Open Ed Influencers, which is a student-driven advocacy project which enables skills development while they engage with open. Yeah. Gino is also a winner of the OE Global Emerging Leader Award. To be celebrated. Thank you. So Johanna and Gino, we're asking the question, what is opening up education with OER mean for preservation, promotion and sharing of indigenous languages, cultures and knowledge systems? So I worked at a research institute at CDU for the first five years that I was there called Northern Institute. It does a lot of really beautiful public policy projects. And one of those projects that my friend was involved in was called the Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages. And it was an open resource, but it also did what it could before CC licenses became more common in Australia. It also made sure that it followed cultural permission protocols to not misuse. So there was kind of like a disclaimer and a pop-up window that said, this is what this resource is for. It's now cataloged in the museum and archives of the Northern Territory. So if you look up LAAL at CDU, it might be an interesting thing. This was a project that digitized a lot of bilingual texts that were produced in schools, in the Northern Territory and remote communities in I think 35 different languages. And that was the bilingual era in the Northern Territory ended at the late 90s, but went on for about 20 years before that. And so it preserved a lot of really beautiful children's stories that we then had people narrate in those languages as well. So that is kind of a preservation and a promotion of what was already public stories. And so it was quite nice to share that example because it was knowledge and language that was done during a really rich time in the education history of the Northern Territory. And to preserve our artifact of that was a really beautiful job from my colleagues. We also do a Bachelor of Indigenous Languages. We have Arundah, Binning Gunwok, and Yongomata programs at CDU that you can take online. But there's also Yongo philosophy and language as well. So in terms of it's not necessarily classic open, but many of our knowledge authority colleagues that have been in language education and promoting bilingual education for decades step forward and made sure that this was something that was available. And yeah, we have students enrolled from all over the world. It's not a fluency program like your colleague at UBC Okanagan was speaking about. Those sound absolutely amazing. I took the Yongo Studies program as a, and it was recommended to anyone that it wasn't from the area who was gonna work in those fields to understand a little bit more about language and culture of one group of language group in the Territory. And it was really, it rocked my Western brain. And it was exactly the perfect lesson to unsettle my ideas of what fluency, you know, one-on-one level language learning was like because it was such a complex language and it's just beautiful. So I learned to not know what I didn't know. And the more I learned, the more I was fine with not knowing. And I think that was the very powerful lesson. So it wasn't, I was learning a language. I was learning a little bit about how to engage. So I think I've said enough. Thank you. Wow. Okay, so yeah, thanks Joe. And thanks for having me, everyone. So I'm from South Africa and I'm a brown man and I'm gay, right? So opening up education with OER took such a big turn for me because coming a few days ago and Connie was there and Joe was there and I literally have been so caught up in the attribution that the Canadians give to the land, to their ancestors and just the gratitude that comes out, right? And it was so profound and we were at the indigenous people's experience and we went around in a circle and we were sitting and the facilitator had made a fire, right? So you know that whole thing about people sitting around a fire and the storytelling just, it naturally happened because people were just supposed to say hi. I'm Gino and I'm from South Africa and even now look at my introduction is going there because it was so impactful because then I found out that I was unable to give the same attribution because people were leading with my name is whoever and I am here and acknowledging that I am on the land that is not mine, I'm a settler or if the person was indigenous like they could name things and there was a place and they were all speaking about this as in relation to their work in open and that's what we're speaking about now, right? And then me as a South African discovered that, well, I'm from Cape Town and half of my family, I have no percentages here because you can see there's a lot going on but my family includes First Nation Africans who were dispossessed off that land and then also Malaysian slaves who were brought in by the Dutch East India Company and whoever else to come in bold, you know, so I have Africa, I have Asia, I definitely have Europe, my grandfather was Irish, so there's a lot going on and I realized that for me as the African bit I was unable to say and my people are the indigenous people of the Western Cape or of South Africa because they were kicked out and we still do not have the ability to be grateful about where we are because no one's listening. So I think open education is one route to put more of this out there without the requirement for publication stamp which we assume is validifying, validating. That was what I was going for. Oh yeah, it works. Validating the content and through the content, the opinion, the perspective, the whatever, so these copyright things, it's like, oh, it just says well done, right? And if something's free, we still think about it as less quality. We already think that people with cultural differences are less quality, so open is an analogy for that as well. I think we should open up so that we can promote and we can share. So this is my story and this is how I identify with open since being in Canada. It's been a profound experience here and I've been doing open education for about 20 years now and my relation to opening up is just redefined by being here, so that's, yeah, to me. Thank you for sharing, Gino. It's interesting how you're sharing how your perspectives are changed from learning from a different community. Yeah, and I think that that's the value of openness because otherwise how many people read each other's actual outputs in publications or whatever, you know? You get six reads and you're like, yay.  Thank you. I think we'll then use that as a driver to ask the following question. So what can we do, right? What can governments do? Institutions do, individuals do and name the stakeholder group if you like. In order to ensure that open education or OER let's just keep it to open education as wide as it is, have the impact that it could have, not for resources or for information to become a way of others looking in as if in a museum, as we talked about earlier, rather that it could be used as part of a museum as your example, where it is meaningful. But what can we do? Well, as an institution employee, my job is not to lead or have leadership. I was to add certain helpers. I helped the teachers, helped them to guide and I don't, I give the, how do we say that? I let them do what they want and I give the platform to let them say their own story and I help them to structure it. That is my role. I don't play the government way. Say I tell you to go right and you go right. I say you cannot use your language. I totally do the opposite word because in curriculum courses, they will have some straight order that way students take the courses. You have to use certain ways to design but I do it the opposite way and I pursue it in my superior or say there is a reason why I do this. So I kind of rebellion in my institution so we are still trying to do some new experience while we're doing our courses. We even do some documentary to show some issue. In fact, even some humanity, how do we say it? Because every time I say this, I just are going to cry.  There is a serious issue for no one to talk about it but still happening is the pollution issues and it happened right now still. Taiwan governor put the nuclear waste on a small item. They don't even use nuclear power electricity but we put the waste there to a small indigenous group. They don't have even any platform or power to say no.  You don't represent yourself to say no to the nuclear wasted. And every year every people are dying but no one say it. So that is what I'm doing. I'm doing a rebellion new courses about the Dao people and I'm trying to let them say about these issues about nuclear wasted on their land and have the pollution on the water. Every day they're selling. They're still doing the traditional hunting and go buy fishing at a local da-da-la but the fish they're eating have poison and have the, I'm sorry it's too heavy but this is why I'm doing this job because I have the way to let them to say the story and let this true reveal to the student maybe someday they will become so important to change this situation in the future. And that is also, I work with Danimu as well so we hope this situation might be changed in the future. Thank you. Thank you. Because education can change everything. And what you're explaining is a true and really powerful example of what education and being informed can mean for the people on the ground that are experiencing something. Heavy issues. Yeah it's my part as a teacher so I work in the only Indigenous study college in Taiwan so there's lots of things to do. As I say, now we just use Mandarin to teach. And students, they only know Mandarin. Even they can learn something from their mother tongue from their home but just a few people know how to speak. Now Taiwan got 42 kind of language, 42 kind. But it's including Indigenous peoples language quite a lot so we try very hard to write it down because Indigenous people got no written system so now we're just trying to make like a knowledge system to keep some knowledge in by the Chinese word or the others. Now other people, they're trying to use their language. I don't know how to say that. They use spelling system to make their language survive. So now the whole knowledge system is building. But in the same time, I know lots of things that are hard to maintain so it's a bit hard. So back to my work as a teacher, I just trying to do that. Thank you. Magreta? It's a bit hard to kind of say something relevant after that because, well, I'm from a very rich country and a very developed part of the world and we have a strong welfare state and education is free for all and everything is great in a way. But then when you look closer to the same situation and you see the realities of their situation, you see that well, when push comes to shove, their interests are being sacrificed still. We have an ongoing, this is not going to develop in a competition of bad stories, but we have an ongoing breach of human rights where the Norwegian government is supporting windmills in an area of reindeer grazing in the middle of Norway. So it's still, and some of these are having protests in our capital as we speak. And it's been going on for a year since our Supreme Court ruled it as a breach of human rights and it's still going on and the government won't end it. So there are a lot of things. And when I say that I think it says something of a lack of really deep understanding, of really understanding that they can't go on like that. And why, and why is the knowledge and the wisdom of the Sami people being ignored still when we know that they are not to blame for the current need of energy in this hyper-electrified and digitalized world? Yeah, where am I going with this, really? I don't know. I just wanted to say that there is a lack of understanding. A lot of things have happened. When I went to school, we didn't learn anything about Sami people in my part of the country. We didn't learn a thing. And there was one TV show when I was a girl which made a huge impact on the whole of my generation about a little Sami boy who went to what you call a residential school here. And he didn't want to go and he didn't understand anything and it made a huge impact on my generation. But that was everything. And when I did my teacher's studies, one of my teachers said, because there was a small part of the Norwegian curriculum, I was studying to be a Norwegian teacher, that said that you should include Sami literature. And she said, this was 1996, I think. She said, I don't know why it's there. Why should Norwegian students read Sami literature? She actually said that. Things have moved on. Now the curriculum has a lot more Sami in it. And I think we are approaching understanding, but we are not there yet. So what we can do is kind of, we have included a lot of Sami relevant material in our OER. And what I was hoping for, as I said earlier, is more collaboration to get the resources, not just about Sami issues, but the empowerment of Sami teachers to make the resources and get them out there. That is actually what I want to see. To see collaboration from the different governmental bodies, as I said earlier. Thank you. Thank you, Margetta. Really briefly, I think as an institutional representative, and that's my wheelhouse, I can have an influence on the teaching and learning in my classes and exchange things with colleagues and be an annoying person at meetings that brings up alternative points of view. I can amplify Indigenous voices in languages and cultures and knowledges in my teacher education programs that I have a little bit of scope to influence. But also with the work I'm doing with the Indigenous Deputy Vice-Chancellor, Ruben Bolt is his name. His approach has taught me a really wonderful way to think about going forward and working in partnership in an Indigenous-led co-designed process. That's what he wanted. That's been really helpful in engaging with a little bit more criticality at the systemic level where I work. Of course, it always helps to have champions in executive positions to put those types of infrastructures in place, and I think that institutions need to do a lot more of that. It helps the individual efforts that we can make to proliferate a bit more. Thank you so much. I think that there's existing structures, organisations and people, and the whole concept of open is to collaborate and to make connections, so that you don't have to start from the beginning. My overarching thing is to reach out, look at the people in this room, look at the people that you've gone to listen to, perhaps, who are all in an appendix on the website. Their work is there. The link to their slides is there. What we do when we leave conferences is to leave the work there. And very often those connections, because we get caught up in life. So I think that opening up is going to be an individual-led thing, because we are champions who are in this room, and very often we are the only people at our institutions who are pushing for this. So how are we going to advocate and win? It's going to be by collaborating, by making bigger groups of people, with people who do this, this, this, this, to make a product.  You are a group, a project, a network, and that's how you get to the governments. Governments have something called the Open Government Partnership, the OGP. If you are from a government and you don't know about OGP, get someone who's looking at OER to investigate and explore. It's such a wealth of resources there for governments to engage with open education. We don't have to do all of this ourselves, but we can make connections between people who could do something. Thank you. We've been talking about OER or open education now from a very broad perspective, and we've been talking about what the impact could be for Indigenous communities themselves. But we're increasingly also talking about what that would mean for the wider understanding and the way we treat each other as human beings. And collaboration and really getting to know each other and using knowledge and education as a tool seems to be what we are getting towards here at the end, where there's so much we still don't understand about each other, and we need to leverage that opportunity space, let's call it that, to get better. So we are getting to the end of our time. Any one that wants to say any last words or have a burning question to the panelists? Well, some of these are such important topics, and as a program co-chair we talked about the compatibility and also incompatibility of open educational resources with Indigenous ways of knowing and the traditional knowledge labels and then the keynote tomorrow to give away too much about tomorrow. But Kayla Larson will be talking about the six Rs, which will be like a beautiful pathway to start thinking about how do we create OER alongside and with Indigenous people and having them as telling what we can do to help education for all. So I just really encourage everyone to take good notes tomorrow during the keynote and don't come late, that's all. I think you'll find some really great solutions or not necessarily solutions but certainly some things for you to think about because it's relationality that is often the key to my experiences on Turtle Island walking alongside Indigenous peoples and also we have to start we can't just stand and wonder what should we do, we have to start and also be prepared for being humble and not knowing things. Many times in creating the program I've learned things and I've been humbled and that's all part of it so be prepared for that, that's all. Thank you so much Connie. I very much look forward to that session and really understanding that a little bit better. As I said in the very beginning I am here very humbly saying that I don't know anything right? And I thank you all for sharing your perspectives and your experiences with us and I hope we can all go home and realize that everyone could have a role to play and let's just be very mindful of the way we do that. Thank you.


Hi, I'm Pam Hatchfield, current board president of the American Institute for Conservation, or AIC. AIC is the only national membership organization in the United States dedicated to the preservation of cultural material. We are conservators, archivists, scientists, educators, collections care professionals, art historians, environmental engineers, and many others who care about the preservation of our cultural heritage. We all have the same goal to preserve and understand the material evidence of our past and present, whether it's architecture, antiquities, or performance art, so we can learn from it today and appreciate it in the future. Since we formed in 1972, AIC has grown to over 3,500 members. We live and work in over 20 countries around the world and all care about the same thing, preserving our cultural heritage. AIC plays a crucial role in establishing and upholding professional standards, promoting research and publications, providing educational opportunities, and fostering the exchange of knowledge among conservators, allied professionals, and the public. Members of AIC have access to a variety of vital publications and professional opportunities, and we maintain a public listing of conservators available to consult on a variety of projects. We also host a much anticipated conference each year that features many timely presentations on a wide range of conservation and collections care topics. Recent meetings have taken us to Indianapolis, Albuquerque, and Philadelphia, and our 2014 meeting will be held in San Francisco. In addition to the work of AIC for its members, we also have a foundation, the foundation of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works, or FAAs. The foundation has been supporting conservation education, research, and outreach activities that increase understanding of our global cultural heritage for over 30 years. FAAIC supports such efforts as AIC CERT, a volunteer emergency response team, and a conservation information hub called Conservation Online, or POOL, and its worldwide email list that connects over 10,000 subscribers from around the world. Importantly, the foundation also provides funding for AIC member projects and continuing education throughout their careers. We encourage you to review the many resources found on our website. Please do consider joining AIC or supporting us through FAAIC if you are interested in preserving our cultural heritage. Thank you.


So I've probably watched a video with a title like this like a hundred times on YouTube. You know, it's the type of grifters who come to this platform, love to con musicians with and pretend they know things about. But the fact is, most of the people who make these videos are just regurgitating an article they've read somewhere. But in this video, I wanted to actually show you how I see artists get signed to labels, booking agencies, and management companies from my own experience and from discussing with my network of A&R, managers, and booking agents. Hi, I'm Jesse Cannon, a music marketing nerd who's teaching musicians how to grow their fanbase from 0 to 10,000 fans, and this is Muse Formation. So our first method, which is by far the most popular method for major labels today to find artists, is they watch charts and trending data. Unlike five years ago, A&R are able to easily see which artists are trending before anyone else knows it with software that shows when an artist or song is growing very fast. And these platforms can narrow that down to genres and all sorts of other filters, so if you're a person who's scouting talent, you can easily see only what you want to see. And this technique isn't old, it's just gotten way easier to do from your couch while a computer does the hard work. When I was a teenager, I was a scout for some A&R at Big Indie Labels, which basically meant they recognized that since I read one of the coolest record stores in New York City and did sound at clubs, I knew what artists the kids were excited about before a lot of other people did, so they'd bribe me with some pizza or a beer and bragging rights of being an unpaid scout in order for me to tell them which groups have a lot of enthusiasm before everyone else finds out. But now they can see that with data, and one of my last videos was about Chartmetric, which is a perfect example of the type of platform used to analyze this data, and that video is linked in the description if you missed it.  Since when we first got this type of data, a lot of A&R made the mistake of siding groups who used bots to generate plays, but now we're past that era, and while tons of clowns still use bots, it's easy to see their little clown noses, and they think they're fooling people, but really they're only fooling the other members of the clown car. But aside from Chartmetric, there's a handful of platforms designed to alert A&R of artists on the rise, and if we're being honest, this is where most A&R and managers are looking to find artists these days. This is because these people have always been looking to find artists who audiences react to genuinely, and now they can easily see that and decide from the pool that they find. Now, they'll probably meet them and see if they have a good personality, if they're really going to be in it to win it, but this is the first step oftentimes. So I can read some of your minds though, and you're wondering how you could exploit this. But here's the thing, I actually think this is largely good for music. Since if an artist is trending, it means fans are legitimately reacting to music and telling each other about it, and that's why the music is trending. But what this tells me is if you want to be found this way, well, you should be doing all the things I tell you to do on this channel, and I know some of you will push back on me and say, what about artists like Bad Baby or the latest TikTok influencer 4-Boy turns singer? Yes, some managers in A&R are legitimately interested in working with these artists. But there's a hidden detail to how those people get signed, but I need a few minutes to get there, which brings us to our next method of how musicians get signed today. So our next method is cosigns. But before we even get into what I mean by cosigns, I want to talk to you about what I like to call island boys.   They don't work with directors who work with other artists in their scene. They don't use mixers who other artists in their community use. They don't play shows with anyone in their community. And yes, if you are familiar with this channel, they've done none of the work I talk about in my series on community, which if you haven't watched, I want to remind you it literally starts with a video where the thumbnail says my most important video. Might be a hint you should watch it, chief. So it's linked on the end screen of this video and in the description. Anyway, these artists are islands, and because that no one ever hears about them, even if they're good, since they're stuck out on this island that almost no one ever goes near. Whereas the artists who do interact with other artists, directors, producers, and mixers, well, they amass a bunch of people that are recommending them, which then ties them together in algorithms, which helps recommend them to other listeners, and they get organic mentions from influential people, which gets you listeners. But let's talk about the opposite of the island boys. One of the most common paths where an artist gets signed is through cosigns. When artists do their community work, they're able to find the people who are doing the best work in their community. So here's a good example.  Let's say you hit them up and they love what you do and want to work with you. So you make a track with them, and then that mixer sends it to their mastering engineer. When you release your song and you tag the mixer and the mastering engineer on Instagram, and they reshare your song praising it, you know who else sees it? All the other artists that they work with, their managers and A&R also see it because they follow those people because they work with them all the time and they have a relationship with them. And as long as your music isn't trash, you're probably going to have your world expanded and stop being an island. I don't mean to imply that doing this once will lead you to be signed, but doing this consistently and then having other musicians from your community who also work with these people sharing your track. Well it continues the chances that the people in your community who work at labels, booking agencies and management companies are going to check you out and see you're talented and know you're part of the community and want to work with you. We all know all of us check out artists when we keep seeing their names being mentioned, especially by people we respect, it makes it way more likely. So this is the ultimate hack to doing that. Now of course this all compounds when you've done the same thing with directors, photographers and designers for your album and merch who are of course followed by all the A&R and managers they work with, and they keep seeing your name and increasing the chances you're heard by the ears of the people who are in this business who work with artists like you. Especially when you're doing this along with consistent sustained promotion, the right people who are actually in the business begin to see you. And if you watch this channel you know I've said the problem with Facebook ads is they give you the worst quality fans, but when you do what I'm talking about here, you get the opposite of those fans. And the people who are paying attention to those posts are the best quality fans you can ask for and they're connected with people in the business and they're often the gatekeepers who can open up doors for you and they're the people who talk to other people about the music they listen to and are connected all throughout a community. And what compounds this even more is if you're playing live with groups in your community and making content like going live on Instagram with other artists or having them on a Spotify music plus talk episode, you're just going to continue to increase the chances the right people see you. The fact is the more you do this the more you build a web around you and if this is blowing your mind you should be subscribed to get notified since this is what we talk about here. But here's the funny thing so many of you will think that's going to cost way too much money but the funny thing about music is oftentimes the people who are up and coming and doing amazing work are still cheap. I mean now that everyone and their mother has a home studio well the price for even really talented people is often cheaper than you think and that goes for video directors photographers and all sorts of other talent in the music business unfortunately. I should say once you have a cosign from a label manager or booking agent they then take you to the other teams and contacts they have and try to get them on the team.  If you get the eye from one person who's in the business they will often take you around and share your music as you put more of it out and try to get some of their contacts to come aboard. If you want to see this in real life a particularly great story that illustrates this is the video I did with Barty Strange which is linked in the description. If I've been doing this YouTube thing long enough to anticipate the comments you all have it some of you will say you've done this but the people you work with never share your stuff. My first suggestion is find people who believe in you enough that they're dying to share it and then second examine if you actually tagged that person on Instagram since I've been accused of not sharing before and then the artist realized they never tagged me in a story or messaged me to tell me they did it if I don't follow them and it dies in my message requests but sometimes these people you work with just aren't proud of the work they've done with you for whatever reason and you should take this as a hint to find either a better match to work with or perhaps get singing lessons since you sing as bad as the aforementioned island boys. But like I mentioned I talk about some of you waste your time thinking all day about all 15 times each year some TikTok influencer gets signed as they pivot to music from doing some dance where they balance butcher knives on their forehead or something and you fixate on this exception to the rule instead of focusing on the rule. But as someone who's been very close to a few of the artists the unseen hand here is it's because they have pivoted to music and gone to a really well established producer and that producer then cosigns them and tells their fancy A&R friends about them and says they are actually talented and shows that A&R a fire track they made with them and then the cosign happens and all of a sudden send influencers pivoted to not just music but signed artists.  The garbage can of everyone I talked to's office is littered with these people. Trust me it's all about the cosigns if you don't get that remember I answer every question in the comments below but even if you are an island boy all hope is not lost which brings us to the third and final way musicians get signed today. Now let's say you were like forget that Jesse I am DIY till I die I don't want to work with any of these people I am a proud island boy. I'd first advise you to never call yourself that in front of anyone else again but I'd second like to remind you that the wise man Derek Sivers once revised DIY to be decided yourself instead of do it yourself. Since truly what really matters here is that you get to make your own creative decisions not that you do everything yourself since I doubt you're going to do that forever if you get funding since literally no artist ever does this when they realize they can concentrate their attention on what they're really good at and work with talented people that help expand their art and their minds. Anyway the final way people get signed today is being good at tiktok. Truly every person in the music business right now is coping tiktok all day trying to get it and also seeing the groups who are good at it and trying to get their artists who are not good at it to learn how to be good at it but they are also happy to skip that step and just sign an artist that's already good at it and you can see it in a lot of the signings that big indies are doing these days and majors. Now I'm not saying that if you sing as bad as the island boys but are posting numbers on tiktok you're going to have contracts thrown at you like bras from baggable set a kid rock concert but if you are talented at tiktok and make good music everyone in music right now is enamored at trying to understand the power of tiktok as they see so many songs blew up from it and if you're good at it you're valuable to a manager or label and when they see that you are someone who's a student enough to build a following well the fact is many people in music don't trust they know a hit when they hear one but they do know charismatic people that get followings are monetizable and that's what they jump on which kind of is like trending data which we first discussed but really these are the only three ways I see anyone get signed that aren't exceptions to the rule or total fluke but listen if this just blew your mind and you want to get this well you should definitely click on the video that's on the screen now since it teaches you how to do all the things I just talked about to build a fan base and get signed click and keep learning thanks for watching