Welcome and good afternoon to everyone. Thank you for spending some time with us today for this webinar on 10.7 gigahertz bandwidth common mode filters for new USB and HDMI 2.1 standards. Optimizing antenna RF sensitivity in noisy conditions and compliance with EMC standards are mandatory for industrial and personal electronic applications. This webinar will help hardware engineers concerned with antenna descents or EMC standards compliance as well as embedded system engineers looking for ways to design more compact high-speed USB and HDMI connectors. There's a dedicated session with various RSSI spectrum analysis and transmission speed test results for Wi-Fi and 10 GBPS data transmission. My name's Yvonne and I will be your moderator for today's event. Our expert will be available to answer your questions at the end of this webinar so if anything comes up please share it with us using the Q&A widget that you see at the bottom of your screen. We will try and answer as many questions as possible and we would also like to invite you to discover all the widgets that you see at the bottom of your screen as there is some useful information in there. For example, you can find a PDF of this presentation and other useful links under the resource widget which is the third one to your left. Also, if by any chance you miss out on some important points, no worries, all registrants will receive a post-event email with the link to the on-demand version of this webinar. Now, before we start, quickly some housekeeping information. You can expand your slide deck or maximize it to full screen by clicking in the top right corner. We also recommend using a wired internet connection and closing any programs or browser sessions that are running in the background. As webinar's advent was intensive, this webcast is being streamed through your computer so there's no dial-in number and for the best audio quality, please make sure your computer speakers or headsets are turned on and the volume is up so you can hear the presenter.  Additional answers to some common technical issues can be found under the help widget. This webinar will be recorded. All right, so let's get started and let me hand over to our speakers. Good morning everybody. My name is Arnaud Fargois and I'm very pleased to present you this webinar. Let's see the agenda. We will see in the first part why common mode filtering is required in some applications to avoid antenna descents or descent-citization issues but also to help to comply to EMC standards in industrial noisy environments. We will see also how our ECMF improved the EA0 business. In the second part, my colleague Kevin from our application lab will show the benefit of common mode filter through measurement results performed in our lab. He will explain two demos on antenna descents filtering and one demo on data transmission transparency. As our latest ECMF features very high 10 gigahertz bandwidths to comply with latest high-speed standards like HDMI 2.1 on USB 4, we will review these standards. In the third part, we will review our wide product portfolio and we will review how our integrated technology can cover a wide range of applications. What is an ECMF? It's an integrated technology with the combination of a common mode filter and an ESD protection. Thanks to this silicon integrated technology, we can propose very small products on very high and deep projection compared to passive technology. The integrated ESD protection is optimized with low coupling voltage. High-speed data links is made with differential pairs with two sinals, D plus and D minus in phase opposition from a transceiver in this case. Most of electronic systems have multiple differential high-speed connectors with internal ICs, microcontroller or controller, transceiver, but also external clocks. In this page, we are going to see how electromagnetic interference, EMI, need to be considered to avoid unwanted noise emission. For differential signals in phase opposition, two modes are considered, differential mode and common mode. The common mode is the main risk of noise emission. In the ideal world, the data are visible in differential pair, whereas the common mode signal is zero. Let's see the major examples of noise. The noise can come from an external clock. It's visible in common mode. It's a source of noise radiation. The second example is a coupling of all the signals, like another data line. The same one, which occurs very often, is skewed on data lines due to non-symmetrical signal lines with time difference. All the noise disturbances generate radiation near D plus on D minus, but also through the cable or flex. If we summarize the challenge for the fitter, two signals are considered, the useful signals in differential mode and the radiating noise in common mode with lower or similar frequency. To better understand our ECMF-featuring behavior, let's look what happens in frequency domain. As shown previously, common mode noise can come from high-frequency signals with a risk that the useful signals on the common mode noise may have the same frequency range. The challenge for a common mode filter is to transmit the useful signals in purple and to reject the common mode noise in green. With an ECMF in 9 with this target, the common mode noise is suppressed, whereas the useful signals is transmitted as the cut-off frequency is higher. With this example, D plus on D minus, the common mode is suppressed, then the green signals is cleaned. The combination of ECMF with common mode filter on ESD protection will also protect the transceiver against ESD. Our ECMF brings optimized solutions to designers between the connector and transceiver. Let's move of one of the major applications with one electronic system. We can see here an electronic system with multiple high-speed differential ports such as USB Type-C in this case, HDMI, only P for the display. Close to this system, a Wi-Fi or Bluetooth RF receiver. With these high-speed signals, cables or flex radiate high-frequency signals. We can see spectral lines with high-speed power bandwidths but also with harmonics. The red spectral lines can be received by the antenna. So at the antenna, there is the useful signals, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth in this case, and the high-speed radiations. If the useful signals is lower than the high-speed signal radiation, the RF receiver is not able to get the useful signals. It is called antenna descents or desensitization. To solve this issue, data line radiation must be reduced by a common mode filter placed on differential lines as follows. With these filters, while rations are reduced, RF receiver can get the useful signals. RF sensitive is improved, the RF connection is active. The integrated ESD protection integrated in our ECMF protects also the receivers. Let's see the second major application of our ECMF with the EMC standard. The EMC, electromagnetic compatibility, is the ability of an equipment or a system to properly operate in its electromagnetic environment by limiting the interference of electromagnetic energy. The EMC consideration is key in the industrial market. With a wide range of unintentional sources of EMI. With some examples here, with power supplies, electric motors, switching power converters, with all this kind of application, we can say that our ECMF helps to comply with high C61000-4-2 with the ESD protection, and high C61000-4-3 with the filtering to pass the radiated and the conducted immunity test. A big benefit of our ECMF is to improve the ESD robustness compared to a single ESD protection thanks to the serial resistor. If we look one example of application, with the following destruction limit condition of the IC, a microcontroller in this case, with 12.5 volt maximum value to apply on two amps linked to the HBM ESD conditions. In this case, the standard ESD protection with 6 volt breakdown voltage and 0.8 ohm serial resistor. With 12.5 volt clamping voltage applied to the ESD protection, in fact, 8 amp is applied on the protection then 10 amps for the system. In this case, with 10 amp TLP, the description occurs at 5 kilovolt according to the IC 61000-4-2. In the second example, with the ECMF, we take an ECMF with 5 ohm serial resistor. In this case, with the same limit condition of the IC, 2 amp is applied on the ECMF serial resistor then 10 volt. The clamping voltage to consider in this case is 22.5 volt. With 6 volt breakdown voltage and 0.8 ohm serial resistor, then 20.5 amps is applied on the protection then 22.5 ohms for the system. The description occurs at 11 kilovolt according to the IC 61000-4-2. We find the same result when we look the TLP curve of the datasheet with 22.5 volt the TLP current is in the range of 20 amps. We can conclude that our ECMF improves the ESD immunity. Let's move on to the second part with the application demo session presented by my colleague Kevin. Okay, hello everyone. In this part, we will see some application examples and demonstrations that we made in our laboratory. First of all, we will show the interest of our filters to remove the command mode noise and then that it is transparent for the application that means it does not degrade the useful signal. Okay, so the goal of these demonstrations is to show the impact of our filters to be able to suppress the antenna distance phenomenon as explained before. Indeed, high speed data transfer between two devices can generate some radiated command mode noise through the cable. Okay? Which can be on the same frequency range than the useful signal we want to receive. For example, Wi-Fi signal. The command mode noise generated by the high speed data transfer can decrease the sensitivity of the radio frequency system. So in this demonstration, we place a home gateway with 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Wi-Fi. This box communicates with a computer here. Okay? Which analyzes the Wi-Fi signal received with a software. The software analyzes the power of the received signal and the frequency channel used. At the same time, we exchange that task between a solid state drive and a computer communicating in USB 3.2 at 10 gigabit per second through a USB Type-C cable. So these demonstrations have been done twice. One without filter and what with or filter. ECMF 4-40A 110 are mounted on the ST Eval Board, the ST Eval-OET005D. Okay? Two evaluation boards are used. One on the computer side and one on the SSD side to suppress the command mode noise. Okay, now we will present the results of this demonstration. The picture on the top left represents screenshots of our Wi-Fi analyzer software. For Wi-Fi 2.4 gigahertz and the one on the bottom left for Wi-Fi 5 gigahertz without filter. The yellow curve gives the Wi-Fi signal RSSI, that means the received signal power and we can observe that when we don't have any USB 3.2 transfer okay here we have a good Wi-Fi signal reception but when we start to exchange the data between the computer and the SSD here okay in red we lose the Wi-Fi connection. Then signal reappears when USB 10 giga bit per second that data transfer is stopped. This phenomenon appears on both Wi-Fi 2.4 and Wi-Fi 5 gigahertz. Otherwise, when we add the ST eval board with our ECMF 4-48 110 we keep a good reception of the Wi-Fi signal regardless of whether the transfer is active or not. So with these results there is two conclusions of this demonstration. The first one is that the USB 3.2 at 10 giga bit per second can generate noise in Wi-Fi 2.4 and Wi-Fi 5 gigahertz frequency range and decrease the sensitivity of Wi-Fi receiver. The second conclusion of this demonstration is that with our ECMF cable radiations are attenuated removing antenna distance effect of USB 3.2 on Wi-Fi bands. Now we will present a second demonstration which shows the level of COMOD mode attenuation or ECMF 4-48 110 can provide on a digital signal. Indeed, as present before the COMOD mode is responsible of disturbances unwanted noise and we want to attenuate him. For this setup we use a nice speed differential pattern generator here which provides 10 giga bit per second PRBS datas. PRBS means pseudo-random binary sequence. This generator provides the data through two cables with a different length to generate skew between the data plus and the data minus. The signals are transmitted through a PCB. On the first case we use a through PCB meaning PCB with transmission line and without ECMF. On the second case we use a PCB with or ECMF with or ECMF 4-48 110 to compare both results. Okay, after that a combiner is used to add the two differential signals and obtain the COMOD mode signal and this COMOD mode signal is measured using a spectrum analyzer. In the application we have 5 channels measured on Wi-Fi 2.4 our channels 1 to 2.14 which runs between 2.41 and 2.485 gigahertz. Okay, spectral lines in blue on this shot are measured between 2.4 and 2.5 gigahertz and represent the COMOD mode signal measure on the spectrum analyzer through PCB. On the other end the orange spectral lines measure the COMOD mode signal with ECMF 4-48 110. As we can see we have a good attenuation of 15 dB on all the Wi-Fi 2.4 gigahertz done. So this is in line with our specification of our filter specification which show a COMOD mode attenuation of minus 15 dB at 2.4 gigahertz. After the Wi-Fi 2.4 we will show the results for both Wi-Fi 5 and Wi-Fi 6E bands. Frequency channels between 5.16 and 7.1 DHz are measured for Wi-Fi 5 and Wi-Fi 6E. So we made measurements on the whole frequency band concerned by this Wi-Fi. As shown on the previous slide spectral lines in blue represent the COMOD mode signal measured on the spectrum analyzer with a true PCB and the orange one here the COMOD mode signal with all product ECMF 4-48 110. As we can see in the whole Wi-Fi 5 and Wi-Fi 6E band we have a good attenuation of around 15 dB and thanks to the COMOD mode filter we have a good COMOD mode rejection which can secure the Wi-Fi connection. Okay, now we will talk about the data transmission transparency. Indeed, the two demonstrations performed before show us the efficiency of our COMOD mode filter to suppress unwanted noise created by the COMOD mode. So this is the first point. A second important point is the transparency of our filter in the application. Of course, our product shouldn't affect the useful high-speed signal transmitted between transceivers. On this first test to show the transparency of our filter we plug the 10 Gbps SSD on a computer with a software which measures the real speed of the transmitted data in megabyte per second. The software works by measuring the read and write speed of the SSD for second-shore and random operations. After measuring the data transmission rates we perform the measurement again by hiding the ST eval burn with our filter. So we can observe that our filter does not affect the transmission speed of the useful data. Indeed, the read and write data speed measured are in the same range with or without our filter. Another measurement to show the transparency of our filter in the application is a diagrams measurement. Today on high-speed digital standards like HDMI 2.1, USB 3.2, USB 4, for example there is a diagrams mask template to respect to pass the standards. An A diagram is produced by repetitively sampling a digital signal on an esoscope vertical axis while triggering the horizontal sweep with the data rate. On this example, on this slide we perform a diagrams measurement on USB 4 standard. For that we use a PRBS pattern generator with de-emphasis and pre-shot to simulate the real signal of the standard being tested. Then we have our UCMF under test or a through PCB. And then an esoscope which integrates the USB 4 reference cable and session loss CTLE and DFE which are a signal processing algorithm defined in the standard. The test is performed in two steps. The first one which is shown at the bottom left is measured on a perfect calibration through it means without our filter. The second one is performed with the ECMA4-40A110 at the bottom right. As we can see there is a very low A diagram distortion with the addition of the filter and the template of the standard is respected. Finally our laboratory can perform various tests like ESD tests for example IC 61000-4-2 or ISO 1 06 05 for automotive purpose. For that we use a Faraday chamber here and a height oscilloscope of course to catch the first peak of the shot. We can also do some TLP measurement for example on the right we can see our 8-diagram bench as presented before we made some 8-diagram measurement on a lot of standard like for example USB 2.0 USB 3 USB 4 HDMI MIPI or display power and so on. S-parameter frequency measurement on single-ended or differential devices using a vector network analyzer which can make measurement up to 67 GHz and measurement on spectrum analyzer like radiated measurement harmonic measurement up to 44 GHz and so on. Thank you Kevin. Let's move on the next part. Let's see the HDMI 2.1 on USB 4 standard overview. Let me start by the HDMI standard. You can see here the HDMI 2.1 standard covering up to 48 GHz with 4 differential lanes up to 12 Gbps per lane. You can see here the HDMI control lines. I take the opportunity to inform you that we have some dedicated AC products for HDMI control lines. On top of ESD protection we can propose some extra functions like an OCP to control the long HDMI cable which is the poor quality HDMI cable. We have some functions like dynamic pull-up and we can propose also a reshaping of the i2C bus. We have one part dedicated for the source application, HDMI 2C4-5F2 and one part dedicated for the single application, HDMI 2C2-5F2. For the ISP lines you can see the topology with 4 differential lines then 2 ECMF4 are required with our latest ECMF4-48 110. One of the specificity of the latest HDMI standard is that the clock is included in the FLL lanes. If we look the previous HDMI 1.4 on 2.0 then the bit weight was smaller with 1.8 with the clock on 3 lanes with the differential signals. Then the bit weight of each lane is 3.3Gbps for the HDMI 1.4 and 6Gbps for the HDMI 2.0. On the control lines we are similar compared to the HDMI 2.1 standard. Let's move on the USB 4 standard then this standard has been announced recently in September 2019 This standard can run only with USB Type-C connector and if we look at this connector we have 2 lanes operation meaning with 2 lanes for the transmitter and 2 lanes for the receiver and the highest bit weight covered by this standard is 40 Gbps and you need some certificate cables. One of the benefits of this signal that I will show you later on is this standard then can cover different display protocols and you have a backward compatibility with USB 3.2 USB 2.0 on Thunderbolt 3. If we look at the USB 3 then the USB 3 Gen 1 5 Gbps Gen 2 10 Gbps Gen 2x2 20 Gbps are supported by this standard and if we look at the topology for the CMF then you need 1 ECMF 2 lanes for the D plus and D minus and 2 ECMF 4 lanes for the high speed data lines. As mentioned previously then some protocols can be then USB 3.0 PCI display port that you can see here then this 3 standard can be tunneled in the USB 4.0 with one example here you see the display port USB 3.0 PCI frames in series in the USB 4.0 interface For the longer reach application active cable are required Ok then let's move the complete product portfolio that we can propose for the USB 4.0 Let me show you the complete product mapping for the USB Type C application for the USB 4.0 Then for the high speed line D plus D minus SSRX SSTX then we have our ECMF If you don't need the command mode filter function then we have some single ESD protection We have some ESD protection then for the CC line on SBU lines On for the VBUS then for the power delivery application up to 120V then we have the full range of ESD protection for VBUS On top of ESD protection then we have some dedicated ACIP developed with our colleagues of the STM32 division of ST then with some extra function that we can propose with the STM32 then to cover the SYNX source or DRP application with our TCPP we have some function like gate drivers of the MOSFET some OVP OCP on the VBUS on CC lines on dead battery management then we have one product dedicated for the SYNX then the TCPP01-M12 the TCPP02-M18 for the source application on the TCPP03-M20 for the DRP application let's move on our ECMF portfolio overview we have a wide range of ECMF portfolio to cover the Y5 on Bluetooth bandwidth rejection with 4 package alternatives then 2 packages for the 4 lines application and 2 packages for the 2 lines application with 400 micrometer pitch alternative or 500 micrometer pitch alternative then the 500 micrometer pitch are here then with 1 ECMF 2 lines and 1 ECMF 4 lines the 400 micrometer pitch devices have been released more recently and we are covering from 5 GHz up to 10.7 GHz the 2 latest device are part of the ST tenure longevity program let's see the 2 latest ECMF key features high bandwidth capability with 10.7 GHz as shown previously we are compliant with latest high speed standard like HDMI 2.1 USB 4, USB 2 SD card DisplayPort, SATA and MIPI very high rejection on Wi-Fi bandwidth as shown by Kevin we are compliant with the latest Wi-Fi 6E standard with Minus 70 dB SCC 2.1 at 6 GHz then we are compliant with all the 8 GHz USB 4 USB 3.2 Gen2 on HDMI 2.1 we have 2 package alternatives on to help our customer to design we can propose EvolutionBorne one with SMA connector or one with USB Type-C connector the USB Type-C EvolutionBorne can be ordered on the ST website if we look our product portfolio for industry and on consumer application then let's start by the four lines this product here then are ranked by application data rate with trade-off between common monatelation and differential bandwidths then if you are looking for some frequency band to reject different to Wi-Fi we have some products to propose then we have one for instance to cover from 1.7 to 3.5 GHz we have also 5 to 5.7 and if you need I would say some small frequency to reject we have also this device starting from 120 MHz we have this one as well and we have a specific product we have on top of common mode filter we have an additional differential filter let's say to propose a strong SDD21 at 2.4 GHz dedicated for the HDMI 1.4 for the SAMF 2 lines then this table also is ranked by the data rate capability the major application that we cover is the USB 2 for all this device and then according to the tradeoff between the common mode attenuation and differential bandwidth we have one devices with a regression starting from 500 MHz and we have also this device starting from 700 MHz to conclude on our ECMF product portfolio overview you can see here the whole product portfolio the product dedicated for consumer on the usual market in blue and the three products in yellow dedicated for automotive then with different tradeoff between common mode rejection and bandwidth on this device our automotive graded and with a specific package for automotive with what-table flank what is the benefit of our integrated technology our ECMF can bring a lot of benefit thanks to our integrated technology then you move from a current solution with ESD protection on passive common mode filter to a single device then you reduce the size by 70% we specify in our datasheet all the parameters with a complete function ESD protection plus common mode filter you simplify the layout and design and we reduce the number of it and we improve the reliability our ECMF are very successful on the market let's see some application running with our devices our ECMF are used in personal electronics application on industrial application let's start by personal electronics with some example of application you can see home getaway streaming box HDMI stick all equipment for telepresence tablet and notebook plus docking station game console point of sales smartwatch and smartband for industrial application lot of industrial PC application like this one but also panel PC on medical PC various equipment in industrial like medical equipment measurement equipment security market on automation and camera network fitness equipment on low mobile robot thanks to the support from our colleagues from our application lab we can propose some specific presentation on some dedicated application is what we call blue blue presentation you see one example here of our latest presentation you can find a one slide summary with all the slot that we can cover with the suitable devices and for each slot you can find one slide with the key parameters to meet and you can find also the key products and key parameters to meet in the application but don't hesitate to come back to us and we will be pleased to adapt the presentation for your own application let's move on to the conclusion of this webinar thanks to our ECMF white product portfolio we can cover consumer, industrial and automotive application thanks to automotive great products ESC Q101 for automotive we can bring lot of flexibility with lot of rejection profile available for featuring and with very high bandwidth products to cover all the latest high speed standard for industrial and automotive application thanks to our integrated technology we can propose in one single package the ESD protection function plus common mode filtering function with two lines or four lines alternative and our QFN package are very convenient and suitable for industrial and automotive market with wet table flange package for automotive we improve the quality with our integrated technology we fit rate improvement and ESC Q101 qualified product for automotive as shown during this webinar we propose noise immunity solution and ESD protection solution with our ECMF we prevent antenna descents on RF noise issues we helps to comply with VMC standard and we can propose high protection efficiency thanks to the low ESD clamping voltage technology I would like to thank you for your attendance thank you okay so after this great presentation we are now ready with our expert panel to answer your questions so welcome and let me kick off with our first question is it possible to swap D plus and D minus yes it's one benefit of our device to bring the flexibility to swap D plus and D minus one of our main recommendation is to put the ESD protection close to the connector okay we can take the other question alright thank you then we'll go to the next question do you have some devices to filter low frequencies we have one device that we showed in our mapping our ECMF O2-2 HSM makes this with this one let's say we can provide a very wide wide range of frequency to reject from 500 MHz up to 6-7 GHz okay thank you yes we'll take our next question do we have some constraints about the PCB layout we have we have one application to get some recommendation about the PCB layout the application number is AN5680 if we just give let's say the three major recommendation I would say the differential line must be matched to 104 differential impedance the second one as we show during this webinar is to keep the same length between the differential lines and I would say for the last one is to put the ESD protection let's say close to the to the ESD source to secure the to maximize the EMI okay we can take the next next question yes the next question is coming from Sao Hoppe can EMC4 for the A110 be used for 2.5 Gb and 5 Gb Ethernet interface yes for sure yes our park is compliant with these two standards because with these standards we speak about four differential lanes then 1.25 Gb per second per lane the park can manage easily this bit weight our ESD protection also is unidirectional then the only recommendation is to avoid to go below minus 500 mV but for sure our park is fully dedicated for such kind of application okay thank you the next question yes what is the best location to place CMF on PCB as mentioned previously we recommend to put the CMF close to the connector I will say close to the ESD source if anyway for some customers you have some specific constraint on you you are free to come back to us to discuss if you think that your CMF in your application to be put close to the IC once then it's something open that we can discuss all right we will go to our next question how does the ECMF behave with external magnetic fields okay so for this question in a industrial environment of course there is some strong electromagnetic fields but our CMF can't be saturated because they don't have any magnetic material inside the CMF product inductors coupling are made by no magnetic materials of course it's okay for the next question all right we will go to the next question could you please let us know what are the solutions are PIN to PIN compatible with industrial grade versions yeah it's one of the benefits of our device yes the automotive devices are in fact are similar to our ECMF4 with 500 micrometer pitch then we have this part the three parts on automotive are PIN to PIN compatible yes one of the benefits all right thank you our next question why does our ECMF with 4 gigahertz bandwidth only complies with USB 2.0 okay that's a good question it's because in fact we could say that we have a first generation of device really is a longer time ago where we have maximized the trade-off for the bandwidth but with lowest between capability for some application like I speak the application like USB 3.0 then these devices are dedicated for USB 2.0 but we recommend now for the latest standard like USB 3.0 on HDMI to use our latest product release since now more than five years and that's why two of our latest products now are in line with the I speak standard thank you our next question yes do you have application notes to help design yes we have three application notes to help designs about about ECMF first one is AN 45 even about the principle of commandment filters we have we have the AN 43 36 it's about the antenna descent phenomenon and how an ECMF can provide a good solution against this phenomenon and we have also the AN 66, 86 about PCB layout and recommendations for the layout all right thank you that Kevin will take our next question could you please let the audience know your demo is done with low quality cable okay so the demonstration made in the oral laboratory like the antenna descents demonstrations it's performed with an USB TPC shielded cable so this is a high quality quality cable all right thank you and I see we're almost running out of time almost at the top of the hour so let me take one last question is this solution available on extended temperature range for example for automotive yeah as mentioning in the slide with three part in yellow we have three products dedicated for automotive and to cover the automotive application also qualify for with ASCQ 101 installed now all right thank you so this last question brings us to the end of this webinar once again we will be sending all registrants to this webinar a post-defense email with the link to the on-demand version of this webinar as well as additional resources and a pdf of this version of this webinar is already available in the resource widget and if someone you know is interested in pursuing a career with ST we are hiring right now and more details can be found in the career widget at the bottom of your screen and that would be the second one to your left so thank you again for attending our webinar we hope you enjoyed it and we're able to take away some useful information also thank you to those of you who took the time to answer our survey and of course a big thank you to our speaker panel Arnaud, Kevin and Kevin for making this webinar possible please stay safe and we hope you come back soon goodbye goodbye


Hi everyone, I hope everyone's healthy in this very strange time. It's been a great year I've just finished my exams for my pre-master's and I'm waiting for a couple of results and then I'll move on with my master's next year I've really enjoyed the combination with playing top sport for House A. Tilburg and studying at Tilburg University It's been a great year for us. We finished number nine in the Hof Class So we will stay in the highest division next year I'm looking forward to getting back to Tilburg and getting into normal swinging things and playing hockey and beginning my master's Here's some clips of myself and my team in action this season Thanks. Stay healthy and I look forward to be back studying and training again soon


Mm, mm, ah! Do the flip, I can't do a front flip, but that's how I feel like it. Chicken tikka masala tacos, egg kate rolls, and girl masala potato chips. I've always wanted to try unique Indian street foods while in a fresh but affordable outfit. So thanks to our sponsor, Fashion Nova Men's, I will be doing both in this video. I'm gonna give you some tips on how to dress as a skinny guy, and I'm gonna show you some dishes you've never seen before. So let me know what you think about my outfits in the comments down below cause all the pieces will be linked. Let's go! What's going on, everybody? Welcome to a very useful video today that is brought to you by Fashion Nova Men's. David, it seems like nowadays everybody wants to look really, really skinny, even more than they did when we were growing up. I would say just the skinnier the better. Being skinny at a time, to me, was a diss. I would say that you were very much reluctantly skinny growing up.  I got so mad, I was like, no, I'm lean. I'm slim at most, not skinny. All right, so this video today is gonna be very helpful for those skinny and lean guys out there that don't want to look weak or frail. I got three outfits, I got five tips for you guys, and then after that we're gonna go on this modern Indian food crawl around New York City. Let's go! All right, outfit number one. David, I have the Ridgewood liner camo jacket, a little puffy, but I can do that cause I'm skinny. And I think the important thing is there are several reasons why I wouldn't wear this. I think as a bigger guy this pattern might be viewed as a little aggressive. Not only that, it's a puffy jacket which would add a lot of heft to me and it sort of like looks oversized on you. Yeah, I think for skinny guys you can kind of wear a little something puffy on top and then go a little slimmer on the bottom. People understand that that's a look. So what I like about this jacket is it's very warm, it's very soft and super comfortable and it's super well priced of course cause it's fashion over men's. You know, it's a great deal. And to get this look for under a hundred bucks, crazy. Five tips for skinny guys who don't wanna look weak. Number one, don't wear anything skin tight because it's gonna show how skinny you are. It might make you look frail. Number two, buy jackets in a size down and layer up because sizing down means that the jacket's gonna be fitted but then layering up means you're gonna be having added muscle. Number three, don't wear anything super oversized.  Again. And number four, make sure your accessories fit. Oftentimes as a skinny person you have small wrists and small joints but make sure your accessories are fit to your size so that they're not floppy.  All right, outfit number two I would call this my dancer outfit.  All right, so guys, right on top, I got the J-track jacket. I love the print, I love the color. Actually, you know, of course it's got the flaming basketball. How can I hate it? Wide world, on the sleeves, very thin so great for layering. I have this bright blue hoodie underneath that's very comfortable. And then I have the striped jeans. Now, the trick about these, David is that the stripe coming down the leg actually makes me look taller. This outfit I gotta say is crazy. This is not an outfit you would usually find me wearing but I actually, for some reason, feel comfortable in it. Yeah, no, you totally look like you're about to break dance at the middle of a halftime of a CBA game, dude. Do the flip, I can't do a front flip but that's how I feel like. Overall, this is like a fun outfit. Like we said, man, it's great to have thin jackets they're great for layering. Overall, the jeans, so what I had to do for the jeans is I actually had a size up to a 34 because these are super skinnies but if you're skinnier than me because my legs are not the smallest legs but you can always go with the 32. It just looks like you have a wiggly body, like. 45. Just wiggles, I don't know, I'm not a good dancer but I can do a little thing. All right, outfit number three, man. Are we calling this New York Yappy from Queens? This is the Bryce jacket. It's still very affordable. Guys, I have this Como X Hanley underneath. It's super warm, so actually I'm ready for the New York winter right now. And actually these jeans, they're 34. Usually I wear 32, 33 but these are skinnies and they actually fit perfectly on me. I mean, look at the way that they go over these Chelsea sneakers right here. Man, I think the wash is actually really good on these too, I was very impressed. And I think one of the key things is when you are skinny, you can wear the gigantic oversized coats and it will kind of fill you out a little bit more to get you into that nice middle zone. Obviously, like we said, stockier guys, we're trying to slim down. I would recommend the profile of the jacket be much thinner because you know, you can get like thin jackets that are warm but for the skinny guys, I think it actually looks cooler when you wear the thick puffy jackets. Yeah, I feel like it's an outfit you're gonna see around New York a lot. All right, everybody, that wraps it up for my three outfits from Fashion Nova Men's. I love the clothes, it actually all fit really well and actually, man, it was overall just to get that many different looks is cool. Dude, the way they've been able to mimic these high expensive high-end looks for a very low price is super impressive. I'm not even talking about a mid-level price, I'm talking about a low price for a high-end look. And hopefully the five tips that I gave to skinny guys who don't wanna look weak were helpful. I understand that obviously the oversized, very, very super skinny look is very much in. I know that's a cool style for a lot of you guys but I'm just saying for me personally, I didn't really wanna look skinny. So hopefully that was helpful for you guys but I gotta go on this Indian food crawl. So what are you picking to go on the food crawl? I'm gonna go with outfit number one, the streetwear outfit with the camo jacket and the disaster jeans. I thought I love the jeans, I love the blown out knees and I overall just like the feeling that it gave me. Let's go get some food. Yo, all right, I got three rolls from Massala Times. It is a Bollywood themed Indian restaurant here in Greenwich Village. Let's check it out. All right, my first roll is the chicken tikka masala roll. Basically, this is a street food that comes from Mumbai. These guys that opened this shop are actually from Punjab though but this is very authentic to what they are eating in India right now. Probably with like maybe a 20% you know, kind of American twist on it, it's actually really good. And I would say this is even more spicier than your average chicken tikka masala roll. For the spicy chicken tikka masala roll at Massala Times I gotta give it a 3.5. It's definitely worth getting but I feel like there could be room for improvement. Yo, my next one is actually one that I'm really looking forward to try because it's paneer cheese. And paneer cheese is this certain type of Indian cheese that actually it doesn't really melt. And you guys have seen it in the blocks, it kind of from a far looks like tofu. So you can see that spice and all the chilies in there. That is so good. This spicy paneer roll is the one to get definitely. It has this sweetness, but it has this creaminess and actually all the things that the chicken tikka masala roll didn't have, I think this one has it. My third roll at Massala Times is the lamb roll. The juice and the sauce is falling out of the end. Let's take a look at this. I can tell the flavors are authentic because a lot of the people who go eat at Massala Times actually are Indian. So that's how you know that they're not really adapting the flavors to the full on American palate. All right, so if I had to rank the three rolls that I had in order, I would definitely say number one is the spicy paneer. Number two is the lamb and number three, the chicken tikka masala. This spot, listen, I could see, I can see it when they say that this is more of an authentic Mumbai street food because it really does pack that heat. It packs that spice that you're really looking for. So shout out to them, shout out to Massala Times. I think they're doing great things and you guys can just walk in, grab a roll and keep going about your day. It's a very New York big city spot in Massala Times. Let's go to the next one. All right, so our next spot is Kati Roll. It's actually just around the corner from Massala Times. Here I got three rolls. I got an aloo, which is the potato one. I got an unda shami, which is a lamb one, and I got the chicken one. I think Kati Roll is pretty cool because it's actually ran by a Bengali woman because the Kati Roll is actually originally from Bengali. This is the unda chicken roll. So what's special is that it has a fried egg in it. Look at this paratha, it's steaming hot. This looks like the kanto egg over pancake or egg over rice. Or to be honest, this looks like a chungyobing with egg on it. All right, so judging on the chicken, I actually like the spice. I like the addition of the egg, but it was a little bit dry. So I'm gonna have to give it a 2.5 out of five for this one, but it's not bad. My next roll is the aloo. That's gonna be your potato roll. It's different than Massala Times because the paratha is actually a lot thicker and chewier. No, it's good. I give that a four out of five. David, you're actually behind the camera right now. I think you're excited about this one. This is the unda shami roll. This is a egg and lamb roll. So let's take a look. That's steaming, wow. So they come with this little side of chilies. I really wanted to try it. I think she was trying to tell me that it's gonna be spicy, but unda shami roll. That's the winner right here. That is juicy. The meat is really soft. It's kind of like a minced meat. It's got a lot more flavor. In order, my rolls here are number one, the unda shami, which is the lamb one. Number two is the aloo, the potato one. And then number three is the chicken one. I like how they're modernizing mango lussey. Let's try it. Just as good out of the bottle, man. Smooth, mango-y. They have actually Indian chips. These are really big in India.  Wow, look at that. Oh, these are good. Really thick potato cut, very thick, very crunchy. All right, guys. So between masala times and khati roll, which spot is better? Maybe khati roll. I think khati roll edges it out by just providing all these other things. The masala tea, the mango lussey in a bottle, and the Indian chips. All right, my last spot on this Indian street food crawl is on Bleaker Street. It's tacos mahal. Now this is not, you know, traditional Indian food, but that's actually a fusion between tacos and Indian food, which is actually the chef's background, which they're actually half Latino and half Indian. They call it latindian.  But I'm really excited because they have non-tacos, they have roti tacos, chicken, tikka masala. Man, I heard a lot of great things. So let's go get some Indian tacos. All right, so I'm gonna start off with the chicken, tikka, masala taco. Wow, this is kind of like a khati roll, except this is non, so it's gonna be definitely more fluffier. Guys, this is the chicken, tikka, masala taco at tacos mahal. You know, right now I'm getting a lot of sauce. I'm getting a lot of chew from the non. I'm getting a little bit of a kick of the spice, but that's actually really good.  I will say it does kind of taste like chicken, tikka, masala mostly using non. So it's kind of like a dish I've had before. I would give this dish overall a four out of five. Next up, I got the vegetarian one, the chana masala.  Let's go. Very smooth, not too spicy. It's got that great like curry kick. All right, so it's definitely got the spice. I'm tasting a lot of the veggies on this one, but it's actually kind of sweet. I would give it a four out of five. All right guys, this is the first time I've ever had masala fries. So masala is kind of like that seasoning, that flavor that they put on the fries, but they also put some of that Mexican cheese on there too. Just a little bit of the masala kick. Let me dip it in some ketchup. This one really looks like a taco. As you can see, all the chopped onions, the same greens, you have the purple cabbage, lamb curry man. This is juicy. Look at this. That's the spiciest one of them all. Wow. All right, so the lamb is soft, but still a little bit chewy and it's got a lot of spice and actually a lot of sweetness as well. This is the chicken malai roti taco. So the roti is obviously gonna be thinner. Kind of looks more like a tortilla chicken malai. It's not bad. I do like it, but of course, if I had to choose between the non or the roti tacos, the non is the way to go. It's also more expensive. All right, so my ranking amongst the tacos. Number one, finally we got a chicken winner. This chicken tique masala one was definitely the best one. I thought the lamb one came in second. The lamb curry was good. The Chennai with the garbanzo beans and curry was really good as well, but that comes in as number three. And then number four, I gotta say the chicken malai roti taco holds up. Feels more like your Mexican taco, but overall, after going to three different spots, Masala Times, the Cati Roll Company, and here, Takus Mahal. I think my favorite spot is probably the Cati Roll Company, and then it goes here, Takus Mahal, and number two, and then Masala Times. I think it's a close race between them all, because they all are packing a lot of authentic flavors. All right everybody, so thank you so much for watching that video. Big shout out to Fashion Nova Men's, especially the Denim. The Denim is on point, by the way. So definitely check it out. We're gonna leave all the links down below if you are interested in any of the pieces. Guys, please hit that like button, click subscribe, turn on your notifications, and in the comments down below, let us know what your favorite Indian dish is. Maybe it could be a modern one. Maybe it's something you saw on the internet, on Instagram, whatever it was, leave it in the comments down below, because man, the more Indian food I eat, the more I realize it's really, really good. All right everybody, thank you so much for watching, and until next time, I'm out. Peace.


All right. So I am here with my slides. I usually say that power corrupts and PowerPoint corrupts absolutely, but nonetheless I'm going to use slides for this presentation. And I'm going to talk about how companies are hacking the patent system. So the ways that companies are collaborating to find alternative ways to reduce the problems with the patent system without changing the law. This is actually from a paper that I did in law school that I wrote for EFF in clinic in 2014 and updated in 2016. And this is actually how I got into the cryptocurrency space.  And they wanted to figure out how to develop their own crypto patent pledge and I had written this paper so they asked me to come talk about them. These patent pledges and how to develop them. And I was like why better figure out what this cryptocurrency thing is before I go talk to all the cryptocurrency lawyers. And so fast forward here we are today and I'm the general counsel and head of policy at Protocol Labs. So today we'll talk both about these patent pledges, patent aggregators, and also specifically how Protocol Labs itself is hacking the patent system and how we at Protocol Labs think about patents. So I'll start by talking about defensive patent aggregators. So these are companies that pool the resources of member companies by charging membership fees that are adjusted based on the company size. And they will use these fees to purchase patents or patent licenses. And then they will grant perpetual licenses to their members. And so the members will end up with a license to these patents. And then they will sometimes then sell the patents, so it's like a catch and release model. They catch it, they license it to their members, and then they release the patent. And in addition to buying patents, these defensive patent aggregators will also often challenge patents through PTAB proceedings, so ways that you can invalidate patents. And it's good for aggregators to do this because they can use their pooled resources rather than individual companies having to try to invalidate patents. So RPX is easily the biggest of the patent aggregators. It has more than 250 members and has spent almost a billion dollars buying patent rights, claims to represent more than 10% of the transaction activity on the open market for patents. But RPX is pretty controversial. It was actually founded by two former vice presidents of intellectual ventures, which is the biggest patent troll. So I've often heard RPX compared to the mobsters who will sell you their protection. But if you don't buy it, they'll break your windows, right? It's also controversial in that it buys patents from trolls and then sells patents to trolls. So it actually incentivizes troll lawsuits by essentially funding them. And really RPX and trolls have complementary business models. And this is one of the major differences between RPX and unified patents, which is the other aggregator I have on this slide. Unified is a lot like RPX, but it will never do business with trolls. And it also really focuses on acquiring and challenging patents in particular technology zones and really focuses on challenging patents in PTAB proceedings. So now I'm going to move on to talking about patent pledges, which is another way that companies are working together to hack the patent system. So patent pledges are commitments that companies make to license their own patents in a particular way. So these can be multilateral or unilateral. With a unilateral patent pledge, I think the purest example is what you're seeing with Tesla here on this slide. So this is a blog post from Elon Musk in 2014. It's titled, All Our Patents Are Belong to You. And he basically writes, Tesla will not initiate patent lawsuits against anyone who in good faith wants to use our technology. So there's a lot of initial skepticism and he ended up clarifying no. Really, competitors can just go ahead and use Tesla's patents for free, no licensing discussions required. And he really explained that that's because the electric car industry is really, their competitor is not other electric car companies, but is gas cars, right? And so it makes sense to do innovation in this open way. Six months later, Toyota also announced that it would make more than 5,000 of its electric car patents available royalty-free. Another example of a unilateral patent pledge is Twitter's Innovator's Patent Agreement. We actually adopted this at Protocol Labs. It's a little unusual for a patent license in that it's actually a clause in employee contracts. And it's a guarantee to employees that if they assign a patent to Twitter, if they're the inventor on a patent, Twitter won't assert that patent offensively without the inventor's permission. So it's effectively a veto right. Now, the original IPA had what I called fondly the unless we want to clause. And so Blockstream actually created a modified version of the Innovator's Patent Agreement, which closed that loophole. And we at Protocol Labs adopted the Blockstream version. And we have that in our employee agreements, which I'll talk about a little bit in a moment. In addition, there are multilateral patent pledges. So I think the purest example of a multilateral patent pledge is the Defensive Patent License, the DPL. So any company can opt in to the DPL network by pledging to never offensively assert any patent against any other company that has also opted into the network. So you must have all of your patents as part of this. Unfortunately, this is something that really requires network effects. And the DPL never took off because there just weren't people who were contributing their patents. And I think the reason for that is that companies had to dedicate all their patents to the DPL. So it never really took off. A thing that did really take off is a slightly different version of that, which is Google's License on Transfer Agreement. It was originally developed by Google. Then it was spun out. It's called the Law Network. It's just like the DPL, but the licenses only take effect if the patent is ever transferred.  You sell your patent to a troll or any other company for that matter. Every other company in this network will then have a license and doesn't have to worry that whoever you sold it to is going to sue them. So it's a little bit less onerous, and so it really has taken off. It also really actually took off among a lot of blockchain and cryptocurrency companies. There are some additional types of multilateral pledges. Two examples here. One is the Mossbolt, the Mozilla Open Source Patent License Agreement, where Mozilla will license its patents for free to anyone who wants to license and the cost is that in return, the licensees have to make two promises. First, they have to agree not to offensively sue open source software projects, and second, they have to give any open source project free licenses to any of their patents. And so one thing that's really interesting about the Mossbolt is that you don't have to take any affirmative steps to obtain a Mossbolt license. You automatically have a Mossbolt license as long as you're abiding by these two promises. And the Open Invention Network, the goal of OIN is to create a patent no fly zone around Linux so that companies can feel secure making significant investments in Linux. So to accomplish that, OIN acquired hundreds of patents that it licenses for free to any company that promises never to assert its own patents against Linux technology. So that brings us to the protocol labs permissive license stack. So we rolled this out in February of 2019, which was shortly after I joined protocol labs then as outside counsel before coming in as general counsel. And the permissive license stack that we adopted has several different pieces to it. And it's based on these three principles, which is that all protocol lab software should default to being freely available forever. The people who build things should have input into how those things are used. And if we believe that permissive open source licensing is untenable for a particular technology, we should be able to carve out specific pieces of IP but only after a thoughtful open process. So there are a couple of different things that we did. One I mentioned already. We adopted the innovators patent agreement. And another is we created this protocol labs patent non-aggression pledge, which says that protocol labs won't enforce any of the patents on any software invention that we own now or in the future basically unless someone has sued us first or one of our third party that's using our technologies. And we make it very explicit that we intend this to be legally binding. Another thing that we did is we actually wrote from scratch a CIIAA that really is intended to be a take the usual CIIAA model and flip it on its head. So typically with CIIAAs, it says we own everything except what's listed in exhibit A and you have to kind of explicitly carve out what the company doesn't own. This is the opposite. This is a CIIAA that's written in plain English and that is intended to only own IP so that we can make it publicly available. So we do that through a couple of things. One is our patent non-aggression pledge. One is the innovators patent agreement and the other is our default open pledge which is where we make our software available under an open source license by default. So I will wrap up there. It's been such a pleasure to work with protocol labs these last few years, see how this open licensing has really been working in practice and it's been wonderful to be here today and talk about these ideas in a bigger, more philosophical way. So thank you.


Okay, it has started. So welcome to the regular GSO weekly meeting. Today is April 10th. It's one day after the student application deadline. So we are back to the normal schedule of weekly meetings. So we will be just talking about the status about the plans. We will still have a short Q&A session during this meeting so that we can answer questions from mentors and maybe from some students. But yeah, the main purpose is that just to sync up on the project and on the steps we need to perform in order to keep it running. Now we have two world candidates on the call, Martin Jeff plus me and also Natasha who is one of the student candidates this year. I think that's it. So just to summarize what we have now. Yesterday we got a number of applications and yeah, we can disclose the number of applications we got, but yeah, it was something like we expected. So now we need to process all these applications and in two weeks we need to submit a number of slots we want to request from Google. So our main objective for mentors and for work admins will be to just process the applications and then submit two numbers. And once it's done, you will be waiting for Google feedback and we will be preparing the student teams so that we announce everything on May 6th if I recall correctly. So yeah, almost one month. Okay, this is an update for GSOC. Maybe I should screen share a bit. This is my screen? Yeah. Yes. Yeah. So I just opened the meeting notes document. I mean, I think we won't put too much information there. So we do application reviews and I mean, max slot numbers. And if I recall correctly, we have a mentor meeting on Monday, right? Yes, that's correct. I can say yes. So it's something quite wet. And on April 15th, I believe you will be able to set a rough slots number. There is no such symbols on my keyboard. Good. And so yeah, this is the most easy face, I believe. Yeah, and regarding the action items. So we have some action items. Yeah. So I'm starting to create the internal meeting schedule for mentors. I believe this is done. I like to create internal Google Doc for mentors to share info about students. Well, it was so delayed that now it doesn't really make sense to do that because now we have the interface in the application for that. The place where the cheese soak works. Quite good. And yeah, regarding shwak, so stickers, they haven't been delivered to me. I got a nice message from the vendor that, well, thanks for your money. If you're unable to print them, please take your money back. Yeah, it's only for the sock stickers. I can send to all of its stickers. But yeah, I believe that we will do it after the application results. So by May 06, we want to send swag. Most likely. Okay, we have enough money to actually cover both years. So my question to you, Martin and Jeff. I believe that we want to send everything to successful students and probably to students with good applications. So I mean, once who reached out to community earlier, who already did some contributions independent of the result. At least that would be my approach. Yeah, we can discuss that at the mentor meeting. Yeah, let's just do it on Monday. By the time we will have some quite again. And yeah, what else do we have in the list? Actually not that much. We have the GSOC going in parallel, but the GSOC doesn't really impact the GSOC this year. So we can just keep that. Actually at the last day, you know, Agenda is just going to if somebody wants to discuss any other topics. Okay, then just go ahead. Natasha, do you have any questions? Yeah, so should I attend the platform meeting again tomorrow? Because I'm just not really sure like how much I should keep pretending like my project will be accepted or if I should just like wait, I don't know. Yeah, so we can't say that nothing is expected from you until there are public announcements. Okay. Then on May 6th, then if the project gets accepted, there will be community bonding, mentors will be reaching out to you in order to set up regular meetings to invite you to community meetings like platform six. So if the project gets accepted, it will definitely happen in May. Before May, everything you can just act as a Jenkins contributor. So if you're interested to join any SIG meetings or if you want to have any discussions in the mailing please, you're more than welcome to do that, but it's not something we expect. And as we discussed before, to corner sessions, contributions and other events happening till May 6th will not be considered during the review. Okay, all right, thanks. Yep, so if you want, you're welcome to do so. If not, yeah, it's perfectly fine as well. Okay. Anything else? Okay. So if there is no other questions or topics to discuss, we can just switch to the private part. Christian Wutong, if you have anything, just let us know. Actually, no, nothing for me. Yeah, okay, thank you. Hi, yeah, nothing for me either. Mm-hmm, okay. Then, yeah, I believe we can just close the broadcast earlier so that we do some, the filtering together with Martin and Jeff before the meeting on Monday. And then, yeah, I think we will be able to just discuss everything in the mentor meeting, please. Yeah, sounds good. Okay, thank you all. I'll stop the broadcast.