Hello and welcome to People's Dispatch. I am Prashant and you are watching Around the World in 8 Minutes, where we bring you news from working class and popular movements across the globe. In our first story, we take you to Sudan, where leading forces of the opposition have objected to proposals that they say will dilute the possibility of complete civilian rule. The Sudanese Professionals Association and the Sudanese Communist Party have rejected the proposal of creating two councils for governing the country in the transitional period before elections. They have also criticized some of the political parties which are keen on accepting the military's proposals for the same. Vital negotiations are going on between the Transitional Military Council and the civilian forces under the banner of the Declaration of Freedom and Change Forces. The TMC has been ruling Sudan since the overthrow of Omar al-Bashir on April 11th. The Sudanese Professionals Association comprising trade unions, student organizations and other professional associations has been the most important part of the DCFC. Since April 11th, there have been various rounds of negotiations between the civilian forces and the military over the future of the country. The military wanted to have a transition council which it could dominate while the DCFC insisted on a civilian-dominated council. After few rounds of failed talks, some leaders of the DCFC announced that an agreement with the military had been reached for two councils, one dominated by civilians and a defense council dominated by the military. The military added that the Sharia should be the source of legislation in this setup. However, the Sudanese Professionals Association harshly criticizes this decision. We will only accept a single transitional civil sovereign council with a limited representation of the military, the SPS stated. A separate council for security and defense would mean that decision making power over war and peace or participating in joint operations with other armies would remain in the hands of the military. This is especially important since one major demand of the civilian protesters, since they are uprising that broke out in December, has been the withdrawal of Sudanese soldiers from the war in Yemen. The Sudanese security establishment has closed eyes with the US and Saudi militaries. Seconding the Sudanese Professionals Association, the country's communist party wanted the forces of the anti-revolution are trying to thwart the glorious December Revolution and bet on a military coup and act to give it legitimacy. It backed the SPS call to ensure the continuation of the picket and all forms of protest and demonstration including political strike and civil disobedience that will ensure the achievement of the goals of the revolution. Next we head to Thailand, where the National Human Rights Commission of the country is investigating its own commissioner, Ankana Nilapujit. This could even lead to her possible impeachment. Ankana is a strong critic of the ruling junta of the National Council for Peace and Order led by Prime Minister Prayut Chanwacha. She has also been critical of previous governments for human rights abuses during counter-insurgency activities in southern Thailand. On April 30th, following the comments of a junta appointed legislator and a complaint find by Jultah supporter, the NHRC accused Ankana of having conducted her duties in a politically biased manner. The investigation will look into her role in legal proceedings and in documenting the violation of human rights against members of the opposition and critics of the military junta. Activists in human rights organizations have called the investigation a means to harass Ankana and a subversion of the autonomy of the National Human Rights Commission. In a statement, the Asian Federation Against Involuntary Disappearances, AFAD, urged the Human Rights Commission to withdraw its baseless inquiry ordered against Commissioner Ankana, who is a prominent human rights defender who has spoken boldly about human rights issues in Thailand and worked towards the protection of human rights in the country. The statement also said, this inquiry is a means to sabotage the contributions Ankana continues to make in the field of human rights pointing to the fact that the NHRC is working under the influence of the ruling government. Before becoming a member of the NHRC, Ankana had worked on forced disappearances during the military's counter-insurgency operations. The disappearance of her husband Som Chai Nilapjit on March 11, 2004 prompted her to take up such cases. Som Chai was a prominent lawyer and activist who worked to defend the rights of Thailand's Muslim minorities, especially in insurgency stricken areas in the south. Ankana's battle to secure justice for her husband shed light on the gruesome attacks on activists and lawyers and even ordinary Muslims in Thailand by the security forces. After the adoption of the new constitution under martial law in 2017, the Human Rights Commission has been completely stripped of its autonomy and integrity with the commissioners being directly answerable to the Juntah government. In our last story, we head to Guatemala, where the March for Dignity, Life and Justice will reach the capital in Guatemala City on May 8. Over 1,000 Guatemalans are taking part in the march that began on May 1. The march is against the corruption of government officials and the impunity enjoyed by these authorities among other issues. Because of various indigenous organizations and trade unions, student movements, social movements, community and alternative media began the march from the western part of Guatemala on May 1. The primary objective of the march is to sensitize and inform the Guatemalan population about the damage caused by the corruption of the government of President Jimmy Morales. The participants are asking the people to vote carefully in the upcoming elections. Another important objective is to demand a cessation of the acts of intimidation, criminalization and prosecution of human rights activists and social leaders. The protesters demand justice for all the social leaders killed in recent years for defending ancestral lands and preventing forceful evictions. The indigenous and peasant communities are also demonstrating against the economic model of accumulation and dispossession that violates collective and individual rights and the extractive agribusiness that exists in the country. Women's organizations are protesting to denounce the growing violence against women across the national territory. Student movements are protesting against the exploitation of young labor demanding respect for workers' rights. Social organizations on the other hand are demanding that the state guarantee access to common goods and ensure that the whole population has a dignified life. Earlier this year, on January 12, thousands of citizens of Guatemala demonstrated in the capital to reject the government's decision to unilaterally terminate the mandate of the International Commission against impunity in Guatemala. This organization, this body is a UN backed anti-corruption panel aimed at supporting the country's judicial institutions in the fight against corruption and impunity. That is all for this episode of Around the World in 8 Minutes. For more such stories and videos, please do visit our website peoplesdispatch.org and follow us on YouTube, Facebook and Twitter. Thanks for watching.


Okay, this week a federal court overturned the net neutrality rules passed in 2010 by the Federal Communications Commission, the FCC.  And here's why the whole situation is both absurdly corrupt and completely avoidable. Over the past 20 years, the internet has evolved from emails, then to webpages, then to audio, to games, now television, and tons of other amazing stuff. It is the primary source for most communications. And during those 20 years, the largest phone and cable company lobbyists have become one of the biggest spenders in Washington to buy politicians and control the internet to maximize profits. They've passed laws that literally prevent competition. That's why you hardly have any choices for your internet provider and you have extremely slow and expensive service in comparison to other countries. But back to net neutrality. The story starts in 2002 with this guy, Michael Powell. He's the son of former Secretary of State, Colin Powell, and he got a job running the Federal Communications Commission. I'm sure there's no nepotism there. Internet was growing fast and industry lobbyists convinced Powell to classify the internet as an information service rather than a telecommunications service. Who cares, you ask. Federal law says that telecommunications are a regulated service. That's how the government made sure that every home in America had affordable home phone service in the 20th century. It's why when dial-up internet first started, there was lots of competition and low prices. It's why there were strong protections against anyone wiretapping your phone service. Oh, the good old days. On the other hand, information services are barely regulated. A few years after Powell's decision, companies like Comcast got busted favoring their internet content over others. And it all came to a head when this guy, Julius Genekowski, was appointed by President Obama to run the FCC. The president had said on the campaign trail that he would take a backseat to no one on net neutrality. So nervous industry lobbyists started throwing lots of money and propaganda around, calling net neutrality a government takeover of the internet. They got 72 House Democrats to join most Republicans in calling for the FCC to stand down. So actually passing strong net neutrality rules ever required that chairman Genekowski reclassify the internet as a telecommunications service or the new rules would eventually get thrown out by the courts. Everyone knew it, but Obama's FCC caved to cable and phone lobbyists, passed weak net neutrality rules, and claimed victory. And so we arrive at 2014. The court has now thrown out the rules. Congress won't save us because they're bought. And the only one who can realistically fix this is Obama's new FCC chairman, Tom Wheeler. But Wheeler, now wait for it, is the former president of the National Cable Television Association. So the government official who could fix this is the former chief lobbyist for the companies who just won the court case against the FCC so that they can screw consumers and make more money. If this isn't yet another reason for everyone in this country to stop what you're doing and join an American anti-corruption movement dedicated to ending this nonsense, I don't know what is.


Myanmar military rulers have firmly annulled the November 8 election results claiming widespread irregularities by the ruling National League for Democracy, NLD, of Aung San Suu Kyi. The military claimed that a probe found 11.3 million fraud cases in the elections swept by the NLD.


Hey, what's up, YouTube? It's AJ here from The Art of Charm, and I'm going to give you three tips today on how to survive the holidays even if you don't like your family. All right. Now, we all know that getting together for the holidays can bring a lot of enjoyment, but also a lot of frustration. Of course, in today's world, religion, politics, we all know the topics that start fights, but a lot of us don't realize that we're going into these events thinking the wrong thing. So the first tip today is to focus on your body language. Here at The Art of Charm, we say the mind leads the body and the body leads the mind. Now, I know in the past you may have had a really rough go around the holidays with your family. You may have even gotten in arguments or felt attacked, but if we can turn our body language around, open up our body language, stand a little taller, put on a big smile throughout the event, we are going to change the tone of that event, and we're going to influence our mind, meaning we're not going to be closed off. We're not going to feel argumentative or judged when we actually are just open, calm and collected. So when you're walking in the door at your family's holiday, open up that body language, stand up tall, put a big smile on. And of course, when you are feeling attacked, put that smile on. It's going to really disarm your family members who might feel that they could take advantage of you. Now, the second tip I want to talk about is starting to use some empathy. Listen, everyone in your family has a story. They have a background. They have a history that led to that mindset, that led to that worldview. That might be disagreeable to you. That might be something you don't believe in. So go into the holidays with a bit more empathy. Think about all the trials and tribulations that your family members have been through. Don't think about the judgment that might be coming your way, but think about the life events that may have led to them forming that worldview. When you're more empathetic, you're going to realize that your family has a lot more to offer and you're going to feel a lot less judged. Now, the third tip I want to talk about is actually using curiosity to get your family to open up and share more. I don't know about you, but in my family, I know that when we get together for the holidays, we kind of clam up. We're pretty introverted. And of course, there's not as much sharing as I would like. So I'm going to give you two simple words that you can use to open up your family, to tell more stories, to be more engaging and ultimately have more fun. And those two simple words are, I'm curious. If you use that phrase with family members, in fact, you may have heard of it on our podcast. We use it quite a bit when we're interviewing guests. I'm curious, how did you end up in that career? I'm curious, what brought you to Detroit, Michigan? That's going to allow your family to have an opportunity to share all those amazing stories with you. And I guarantee you, those stories don't involve fighting. They don't involve arguing. And of course, it's going to allow your family to feel heard. So this holiday season, change your body language, start using more empathy. And those two magic words, I'm curious to open up great conversation, to allow great storytelling to happen. And of course, to avoid all those arguments that we don't enjoy. Have a great holiday and I hope you enjoyed this video from The Art of Charm.


Hello everyone, my name is Krishna. So, I come from Intel. So, I just a brief intro about myself. So, I work on the Intel machine learning and embedded tools team. So, we have for you today this new toolkit called OpenVINO from Intel. So, anybody has heard about this or any idea about this? So, today I actually will introduce you to this tool and also I have some demo here for you today. So, we have couple of object detection samples which I have made ready using OpenVINO. So, I will show you once we go through the flow. I will then show you like how it is actually put into practice by running a couple of models. And it is a good thing about this tool is it is free. So, you can download this from the Intel website and try it out on your own as well. So, this basic outcome of this would be to get a good idea of what this tool is and the way you can get started by running some of the inference samples. So, what OpenVINO is? So, basically we know about classical CV application. So, most of the people would be familiar with Open CV and stuff. But Intel now wanted to put some extra machine learning capabilities into this especially at the edge computation. So, OpenVINO is a tool which is used mainly for computation applications at the edge. So, you the typical use case is you have a trained model. So, assume you want to do some object detection and you have a trained model. Usually you will train it in a separate manner. And once you have the trained model, you take that as the prerequisite for OpenVINO and deploy it in some kind of an edge device like this. So, this is an Intel NUC and also we have a Movidius compute stick here which I have plugged into the USB 3 slot. So, this is like you can think this one as a typical edge device.  So, this is one typical use case of this. Maybe we will see some more details on how it works in the coming point. So, this is just some of the benefits you can get by using OpenVINO. So, at the very low level, so it uses most of the highly optimized Intel libraries like the math kernel library and such like every year Intel has like this new platforms coming up. So, these libraries take advantage of the new architecture of Intel and help you accelerate the performance. Also you have the deep learning convolutional neural network based deep learning solutions incorporated into this as well. So, what OpenVINO has within? So, you have there are two broad aspects to OpenVINO. So, one on the left side you can see the DLDT. It is called the Deep Learning Deployment Toolkit. And the second half of it is the traditional computer vision. Previously, this was called CV SDK, Computer Vision SDK, but it's been rebranded as OpenVINO to include the whole tool chain. So, you see there is a model optimizer inference engine on the Deep Learning Deployment Toolkit. We will see how it works in the next slide. And on the classical side, we have optimized OpenCV OpenVS libraries and also media SDK for encode decode applications. The OpenCL drivers are used for heterogeneous computing. Just for example, you see there is a CPU here which is i7. You have a Moidus compute stick which uses a VPU and you don't have to do like recode for each of these hardware. So, one set of you code it once and deploy on multiple hardware using some plugins which are built into OpenVINO. In the demo, I will show you how you can use those plugins. So, this is just a foil to show what are the target platforms which we support. Most of the current generation CPUs, 6th generation to 8th generation, this OpenVINO supports. The code name is Skylake. So, Skylake onwards most of the Intel CPU and graphics we have support for OpenVINO and it supports most of the common OSS Ubuntu, Windows or CentOS. So, today I will be demonstrating on Ubuntu 16.4 LTS version. And there are some prerequisites like Python 3.4 and OpenCV which you need to install before installing OpenVINO. Of course, when you are installing OpenVINO it will show you what are the prerequisites or dependencies so that you can so this is like a this you can get it on the first page of OpenVINO downloads download the website as well. So, we will see a typical workflow. I think this is the one of the most interesting part to the OpenVINO. So, we have seen that the first part in the OpenVINO block diagram also DLDT, Deep Learning Deployment Toolkit. This part is actually a like more detailed version of what is inside the DLDT. So, these are the standard frameworks which is supported in OpenVINO. So, we have Cafe, TensorFlow, MXNet and recently Calgie was also added. So, the training happens on these frameworks typically in a high compute server environment. And then you use the trained models say for example, the cafe model and proto text if you have it you use it as an input to the model optimizer. The model optimizer will convert this trained model into an intermediate format which is used by the inference engine. Intermediate format is a set of two files. It is an XML file and a bin file. The XML file will have all the topology related information. The bin file will contain the weights and biases. So, this is fed to the inference engine which is the common API which can be used to execute your inference on CPU, GPU, FPGA and the Movidia stick. Also, there is a Gaussian neural network accelerator as well which is used mainly for speech processing task. It is a recent addition to OpenVINO. But these are the four standard plugins we support. And the GPU here is the integrated Intel integrated GPU which is a part of the CPU die itself. Yeah, so basically what is done is in model optimizer you take a trained model basically. So, but not all layers of the trained model is used for inference. And say if only the forward pass is used no we do not require a backward pass and most of the layers are not required. So, it has intelligence built in to remove such layers so that the performance is optimized. So, only the layers necessary for the inference are actually kept and that can be it is an offline activity you do not have to do it live. So, you can do it separately in some environment maybe in the same environment where you have done the training. Only send the XML and bin file it is also takes less memory as well. It is a one time activity put it on a edge device like this and then your inference runs here directly. Yeah, it is not exactly doing the training. So, you the first step is a training separately training happens on say you mean the training happens as a separate activity which and that is the input which is fed to the model optimizer this does not inference only yes. And if you have a set of say Pascal VOC data set or some data set which you want for say object detection. So, you train it on your framework of your choice maybe cafe or TensorFlow and then whatever output of such models like deploy a proto text you get the proto text and model file right that you take as input and then feed it to the model optimizer it is a python based tool. So, you just run this python code on and give the argument as your train model you just have to give the path to your cafe model it will then output the XML and bin file. So, that you take for further inference yes yeah you need to freeze it. So, you need to freeze the TensorFlow model and then you can feed it as input to open Milo. In cafe we actually samples I have is based on cafe. So, I recently did AlexNet as well the AlexNet BVLC we just have to directly input the cafe models. But for TensorFlow you need to do the freezing freezing step before yeah in that actually that is a separate thing actually for training part. So, usually we recommend beyond line of processes for that and you can use Intel optimized cafe Intel optimized TensorFlow and we also have an Intel version of python as well. So, these like instead of taking a standard available version of cafe you can actually choose to like go to the get actually it is open source you can just type Intel version of cafe. Yeah it depends on your custom layers basically we have in this if you download the open Milo toolkit right we have documentation inside detailed documentation it will give you what are the layers in cafe what are the layers in TensorFlow it is supported and if your custom layer has uses the same like whatever is listed which is supported then it is okay. But if it is something new then open Milo treat it as something which is new for it and then it has to be done. So, yes but it depends on whatever is supported. So, if whatever you have is supported in this open Milo already it has a detailed list of what are the operations or what are the internal operations it supports and it if your custom layer also supports that then it it is directly supported else it is a long step we need to do some extra work on that. I can show an example now so maybe interest of time so it will just I will just connect to this. So, once you install this is a Ubuntu 16.4 LTS system so once you install installing open Milo is very straightforward so you just have to download it from the Intel website you will get a tar file you just unzip it and run the script. So, it will take this as the default directory in opt Intel so you will have a folder like this computer vision SDK with some version number so I am using 2018 R2 version and it is a very these tools keep getting updated regularly so you can expect another two or three more versions to be coming up soon. When the latest version can be found on the website and you get lot of internal directories like this. So, you have deployment tools samples and there is a directory called deployment tools this is related to the DLD and we have the different models which are already pre-trained on networks like cafe and tensorflow and you have the XML and bin file ready in FP 16 and 32 format. So, you just have to use this and get started with your inference so this is these are some of the samples which we have. So, I will just run just to give an example I will just run one example of a face detection quickly explain you what does this mean. So, we have this interactive face detection sample as the first argument and then minus M option stands for the path to the model file and here the model is not related to any of the cafe or tensorflow it is just the IR format because once you convert the model optimizer it is all XML and bin file for the inference engine. So, if you see here it points to a FP 32 model which is the face detection edas dot XML and then minus I is the input so where does it get input from it can work on an image it can work on a video or we can even work on a stream coming from a webcam. So, we have tried all the three. So, I will just show one example on a video yeah. So, you can see here it is a face detection. So, it has only one label and most of the you can see on top the inference time and FPS as well. So, we can see most of the yeah. So, it is getting close to see this is a kind of very powerful processor i7 so it can get up to I think 40 50 FPS but we have tried the same on a low end up square board also and we can get up to 15 to 20 FPS on that. So, and this is how we it is a quite straightforward. So, you just need to know which are the options and now the interesting part. So, if we want to use by default if you do not do anything the inference engine uses CPU but there is an option to tell open V note to run this inference on GPU as well.  So, if it is CPU it loads MKL DNN plugin. So, now this is happening on a GPU and if you want to see the layer by layer information as well we can do that but this is one option which we get and it is you do not have to redo any code code here right one code and you can leverage all the different hardware using the same code just we need to know what are the plugins to be loaded let us just execute it again and by GPU here I mean it is the Intel integrated GPU. So, which is a part of the same CPU die it is coming up coming close to I think 40 44 45 FPS and the other option is this Movedia stick. So, this Movedia stick is a USB form factor it if you can see here I am just showing it here. So, it just fits into one of your USB 3 slots it just needs a USB 3 slot also it has a PCI based variant also but for now we just have the USB 3 Movedia stick and if we want to use Movedia it supports 16 f 16 fp model it does not support the 32 fp. So, I can maybe run one on this now I have just tried it a little while ago. So, it is a different model. So, it is a security barrier which uses 3 models. So, one to detect the vehicle and then to detect the number plate and what is written on the number plate. So, it uses 3 models in series and all these are inputs again the same format it looks long because there are 3 inputs to be fed but it is all the same minus I stands for input and then we give the XML file here. So, once I click and we have so you can see loading plug in myriad. So, it stands for the VPU and you can see here that this image it can detect the vehicle and the color of the vehicle as well which is written here in white. So, it is little not visible I think. So, it is written it is black curve it can detect the car and also the color as well as the number plate here and the FPS I think is it is very high. So, there are 3 models here. So, and the matrix are given for each of these models here. So, this is on myriad and if you want to have more in depth like matrix we can have another option called performance count PC and which will give you even the layer by layer information as well on what layer is executing where maybe you can see here. So, there are many options supported by Open Mino. So, I think it is a free tool. So, once you start using it I will encounter lot of such options and it has very detailed documentation in this folder here. If you see this is the folder which has very detailed documentation for each of the models used and how you can play around with different options internally. Yes, it supports Windows, CentOS and Linux. In Windows it is quite similar everything is similar just you instead of the script you will have any XE5 it is all similar the folder structure is similar. Yes, like only if you want to modify some layers of it. Yeah, actually that is possible but it is on a case to case basis it is a little elaborate it is not straightforward. Yeah, but again it depends right like because we had like last two couple of weeks back we had interactions with some customers who were okay with 10 FPS. So, it was their requirement and all their main problem was they could not connect every time because their deployment was in a rural place. So, the internet connectivity is very patchy and getting back and forth data between the server and the like node was very difficult. In such cases for them FPS was kind of a compromisable factor but they needed this edge capability. So, they could train this like model separately just transfer the XML and bin file to this edge device and run locally the inference and only transfer whatever important data you need to the server for further analysis. Now, whenever you give the image so automatically the downscales it before feeding it to the inference instance or this object detection SSP model. Yeah, SSP model. Okay, I think I need to check that so maybe yes you can try it right out. So, video I am not sure how you can it is there okay but we can send it to you if you want. So, we have some sample data set we can send it to you. So, thank you.


Hello everyone, welcome to the second lecture of this course, remote sensing principles and applications. In this particular lecture, we are going to get introduced to the concept of electromagnetic radiation. In the last lecture, while I discussed about the remote sensing system, I told you about some medium that carries the signal that we need. So that is whatever the source of energy is giving will be interacting with the object of interest and then this particular energy will carry the signal that we need. This signal will contain useful information about the object of interest which we will record in the sensor and then we will use it for various applications. So this in the last lecture, I termed it as medium. So this particular medium is nothing but some energy source that collects information about the object of interest and carries it towards the sensor. So in this particular lecture, we are going to see what this energy is and how, what are the properties of this particular energy. So in normal remote sensing, whatever we do with our regular satellites, we use electromagnetic radiation as the primary source of energy. What electromagnetic radiation is? The best example of electromagnetic radiation is the visible light that we are seeing. What it contains, there are like two different postulates of studying this electromagnetic radiation, wave theory and quantum theory. So we will use the concepts of wave theory to understand or to know more about this electromagnetic radiation. So electromagnetic radiation is nothing but a particular way in which energy transmits itself that is some energy is produced in point A. Then it has to reach point B means that particular energy will transmit itself as electromagnetic radiation to reach point B. One particular way of energy transmission and this particular energy transmission can happen even in vacuum that is even in outer space where no atmosphere is present actually nothing is present. So this sort of energy transmission can occur even in vacuum. So electromagnetic radiation is one particular form of energy transmission from one point to another point. What this electromagnetic radiation contains? If we look at electromagnetic radiation as wave then it contains two components. As the name suggests it has an electric component and then it also has a magnetic component. What is it? Basically speaking whenever electric charge is oscillated within a magnetic field it produces electromagnetic radiation or when the electric charge changes when electric field changes within a particular area it produces electromagnetic radiation. So electric field will produce magnetic field, magnetic field will produce electric changing magnetic field will produce changing electric field and vice versa each of them will be sustaining each other. So it is a combination of two components one is electric field another one is magnetic field and by looking from the concept of wave theory they travel from one point to another point in form of a wave. That wave consists of two components as I said. So this is the red one is the electric field the blue one is the magnetic field. If you look at this particular slide say the energy is travelling in this particular direction point A to point B that is marked as from left to right in this particular screen. So electric field and magnetic field will oscillate in a direction perpendicular to each other and also to the direction of motion that is if the wave is travelling from point A to point B from left to right in this particular screen electric field may be vibrating in this particular plane that is top to bottom and the magnetic field may be vibrating within a plane going in and out of this particular slide. So each and every component will be perpendicular to each other that is electric field will be say if electric field is in like z direction and if the wave is travelling in x direction then magnetic field will be vibrating in y direction each and every one of them will be perpendicular to each other and also to the direction of motion. So again just to repeat electromagnetic radiation is a way in which energy transmits itself from point A to point B it is an energy transfer mechanism that is all. So this was the primary source that we use for our remote sensing purposes. So whatever the sun is producing and giving us the visible light is a very good example of electromagnetic radiation. Apart from visible light sun is also producing other sources other parts of energy also that we will see in the subsequent slide. But apart from electromagnetic radiation we can also use sound waves for remote sensing purposes like some of you might have heard a term called sonar like surveying using sound like if you want to understand the depth of water bodies we will carrying a sonar instrument on a boat we will be sending sound waves towards the bottom of the lake it will be reflected back by the bottom based on the time taken we will be calculating what is the depth of that particular lake. So that is we call like sonar service. So there we use sound waves as the medium to collect data bats use sound as a medium to collect data. Similarly, the earths own gravity field is now being used to collect some information about change in earths mass that is the sensor sorry satellite called grace and grace follow on now grace is not there grace follow on is there which collects different or minute changes in earths gravity field using that scientists are collecting information about where is like change in ground water where is changing in glacier ice mass all this sort of information people are collecting by understanding gravity field. So gravity is nothing but a force field sound is nothing but a form of energy electromagnetic radiation is similarly a form of energy. So essentially we are using some energy as a medium to collect information about the object of interest. In this particular course we will be discussing in detail about the remote sensing we carry out using electromagnetic radiation I said we will first consider the electromagnetic radiation as waves. So when we consider that as wave we can associate certain properties with that particular wave. Some of the properties are first thing is wavelength, wavelength then comes frequency then the energy associated with the wave. So what exactly a wavelength is a wavelength is defined as the distance traveled by a wave between two consecutive troughs sorry crest or two consecutive troughs or to be more precise the distance traveled by a wave for it to complete one full cycle. So this we call one full wave cycle. So this is the point where wave starts from 0th position it reaches a peak it falls down again to 0 position the amplitude reaches a negative value then again it comes to a 0 position. So this is how the amplitude of the wave will changes and while the amplitude changes the wave will progress in one particular direction. So the distance covered by the wave before it finishes one particular full cycle is called the wavelength. So what frequency is? Frequency is defined as the number of cycles a wave does in one second. Say this is this particular if the wave I have given as example if the wave completes this one full cycle in one second then I call this wave has a frequency of 1 hertz. Most of the waves will have like higher frequency say for example here there is example I label it as figure B if we calculate the number of full cycle. This is full cycle 1, this is full cycle 2 and so on. Let us assume this particular wave and this particular wave may be having a frequency of say 10 hertz if everything is completed within one second whereas this wave on the top I label it as wave A has 3 full cycles within it. So if this entire 3 cycles is completed in one second I will call it as the frequency as 3 hertz. So essentially frequency is the number of cycles completed per second wavelength is the distance travelled by the wave to complete one full cycle ok and then what is the velocity at which this wave will travel I said this wave will travel from point A to point B but with what velocity with what speed? The speed of electromagnetic radiation in vacuum is equal to the speed of light. We all studied this in our school physics classes speed of light is roughly can be taken as 3 lakh kilometer per second or 3 into 10 power of 8 meter per second. So that is the speed of electromagnetic radiation and light is a part of electromagnetic spectrum. So light is nothing but a part of electromagnetic spectrum so electromagnetic radiation travels at speed of light that is 3 into 10 power 8 meter per second. So what is the relationship between the velocity, frequency and wavelength that is given here velocity C is equal to frequency times lambda C is equal to nu lambda or otherwise nu is equal to C by lambda. So essentially the wavelength and frequency are inversely related with each other. If the frequency is more wavelength will be less or otherwise if the wavelength is more frequency will be less. So essentially a high frequency wave will have a shorter wavelength. And also if we look at the quantum nature of radiation that is energy transfers not in form of wave but as packets of energy there is another high postulate that also we should have come across in our school physics classes. The energy of a wave is given by E is equal to h nu that is E is equal to h times frequency where h is the Planck's constant. So what this says the energy content of a wave is directly proportional to the frequency. So higher the frequency higher the energy content of the wave or longer the wavelength which will implies lower the frequency that means lesser the energy content of the wave. So energy content wavelength and frequency are all related with each other. Then we are coming to the most important topic electromagnetic spectrum. So I said the visible light that we get from sun is only a small part of electromagnetic spectrum. What exactly electromagnetic spectrum is an electromagnetic spectrum is the continuum of different wavelengths or different frequencies in which energy manifest itself or in which energy transmit itself that is some sources producing an energy that energy has to travel from one point to another point it travels in form of EMR. But at which wave and it will travel at which frequency it will travel that depends on the object properties object temperature and so on. But essentially most of the naturally occurring objects be the sun be the earth surface be it our own body or whatever objects surrounding us will emit electromagnetic radiation in some form and that particular electromagnetic radiation will not travel in one particular wavelength or one particular frequency it will travel in different different wavelengths or different different frequencies. So it will contain multiple waves a mixture of waves each having different wavelength different frequencies. So if we can take all these different wavelengths or different frequencies together from almost all possible objects and plot them in one particular scale from very short wavelength to very long wavelength or very short frequency to very long frequency sorry very short frequency to very high frequency if we plot it like that that will give us electromagnetic spectrum. So electromagnetic spectrum is nothing but a continuum of energy the wavelengths in which energy can transmit itself from one point to another point. So just for our convenience for us to understand better this energy we have divided this electromagnetic spectrum into different portions and for each portion we have given a name. So based on the wavelength or based on the frequency this entire spectrum is divided into several portions. So what are they? They are first thing I will move from longer wavelength to shorter wavelength longer wavelength to shorter wavelength. By the way lambda is the symbol we conventionally used to denote wavelength. So this symbol lambda if we use any time in this course this will indicate we are referring to wavelength. So I will write it as R M I V U X G from longer wavelength to shorter wavelength in this particular order. So what is R? R is named as radio waves, M is the microwaves, I is known as the infrared, V is the visible light, U is the ultraviolet, X is X rays and G is gamma rays. So this is classification of electromagnetic spectrum. In this particular figure you can see radio waves in this particular end of spectrum gamma rays is in this particular end of spectrum. The wavelength range if you look at the figure the wavelength ranges from 10 power to 3 meters roughly 1000 meters and up to 10 power minus 12 meters like less than even like 1 nanometer. So much shorter wavelength so energy can transmit itself in this end of spectrum any different wavelength energy can take based on the energy source from which it is coming and most of the natural energy source will produce a mix of wavelength not one single wavelength like there are like sources like laser bulbs which produce a uniform monochromatic light but almost all naturally occurring substances will produce EMR in a continuum of spectrum from this range to this range it will be a mix of wavelengths or mix of frequencies. From the previous slide what we learnt is longer the wavelength, lesser will be the frequency, shorter the wavelength higher will be the frequency that is also given here higher frequency lower frequency and similarly higher the frequency higher will be the energy content of the wave, lower the frequency lower will be the energy content of the wave and we all know that some of the high energy wave is the gamma radiation which is produced in nuclear reactors or like why atomic bomb produces such a deathly devastation because of the high energy content within it which produces gamma waves gamma radiation and when gamma radiation interacts with objects it has the capacity to destroy the cells within our bodies that is what will cause like cancer and all those things higher energy content higher will be the interaction interaction will be deadly in case of gamma radiation. If you take the lower end of spectrum radio waves which we use for communication or microwave which we use for cooking again for communication and all those things those waves are relatively harmless we are using it that particular portion of energy for applications like communications. If you look in this particular slide you can see the visible portion is marked here a very small portion of electromagnetic spectrum is marked as visible and our eyes can see only this small portion of energy that is coming in from the sun. Sun produces a continuum of energy but our eyes can see only this small portion. So, from this slide what we can observe is electromagnetic spectrum is quite huge it spans and very long range of wavelength spectrum our eyes can see only a minute part of it. So, remote sensing helps us to see the other portions of this huge spectrum with which we can collect lot of information about the object of our interest. So, whatever I said in the previous slide the classification of electromagnetic spectrum I have listed as in form of table here for deeper understanding. So, electromagnetic spectrum I classified it as radio waves to gamma wave gamma radiation but for normal remote sensing purposes especially remote sensing of earth surface we will be restricting ourselves to the visible portion the visible portion infrared portion and the microwave portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. So, if you look at the wavelength the wavelength will for the visible portion will start at 0.4 micrometers we will be looking anything about like for normal remote sensing we will be talking up to 14 micrometers then there will be like a huge gap we will start from 0.75 centimeters to 100 centimeters. So, essentially this is the range of wavelengths from 0.4 micrometers to 14 micrometers and then 0.75 centimeters to 100 centimeters is what essentially we will use for remote sensing purposes. So, before proceeding just to give you an idea of what is the units of wavelength that we will use. Most conventionally the units of wavelength that we will use in remote sensing class or remote sensing parlance will not be meter like the normal standard unit of distance is meter wavelength is nothing but a distance but for our convenience we will not use meter as the unit in this class. In this class we will be using units such as nanometers yeah we will be using units such as nanometers 10 power minus 9 meter, micrometers 10 power minus 6 meters or centimeters 10 power minus 2 meters. So, and also one more thing I want to highlight is say each portion has a certain bandwidth that I have given in this particular table if the wavelength ranges from this end to this end like 0.4 to 0.7 I call it as visible portion this ranges slightly arbitrary nature arbitrary in the sense there is not a clear cut distinction between this wavelength range. If you look at different textbooks or different sources there will be like a slight variation in the range given here maybe instead of giving like 0.75 to 1.1 they might have given 1 to 1.5 like that there may be like a slight variation given here because there are no clear cut differences between the different portions of the spectrum. And one more thing you have to remember is the names of each band like as we progress through this particular course I will be just telling you the visible portion of spectrum, infrared portion of spectrum, microwave portion of spectrum. So, you should be essentially in a position to understand what is the wavelength range of that particular portion of spectrum if I say visible you should recall visible spans between 0.4 to 0.7 micrometers. If I say near infrared you should be able to tell near infrared spans between 0.7 to 1.4 micrometers this sort of thing should come to your mind. So, that sort of knowledge you should be developing at the end of this particular lecture you should develop at the end of this lecture. And also infrared portion itself is further divided into various subcategories called near infrared short wave infrared we will call it as SWIR band mid wave infrared we will call it as MWIR and then long wave infrared LWIR. This is like different different portions of infrared everything taken together we call IR infrared but IR itself is subdivided into four different thing. Similarly, the microwave portion of spectrum spanning from 0.75 centimeters to 1 meter is divided into several portions starting from P band we call it as P band here. P band, L band, S band, C, X, K, U, K and K, A bands for our own understanding for our own what to say benefit we have divided the electromagnetic radiation into electromagnetic spectrum into different portions and using it. And also the objects in the earth surface will behave differently to different parts of energy like on particular object which will behave in a certain way invisible will behave differently in NIR portion it will behave differently in microwave portion. And the in order to make it easier for us to study the objects of our interest this classification will help us. So, how the object will behave at visible band, how the object will behave at P band of microwave, how the object will behave at near infrared portion of the spectrum all these detailed analysis we will be able to do by this classification. And this is like further subdivision the white light we get from the sun the visible portion even I said it is 0.4 to 0.7 it also has three primary colors within it RGB we all know that the three primary colors produces white light again there is a subdivision of wavelength blue is 0.4 to 0.5 green is 0.5 to 0.6 this should be 0.6 sorry red should be 0.6 to 0.7 and so on. So, this is like further sub classification of electromagnetic spectrum. So, just to summarize what we have learnt in this particular lecture in this lecture we have learned what electromagnetic radiation is and how to characterize an electromagnetic wave with wavelength frequency and its energy content and also what electromagnetic spectrum is we have come across and how we classify the entire electromagnetic spectrum and we have seen the wavelength ranges. So, I suggest you to look at the lecture and understand what electromagnetic spectrum is and to know more about the different wavelength ranges and the names given to it. So, in later classes it will be a lot of benefit to you if you can recall quickly what is meant by visible portion what is meant by near infrared portion. So, please go through the lecture slides and make it make it clear to yourself that which wavelength range corresponds to which electromagnetic band. So, with this lecture we can conclude. Thank you very much.


People in a growth mindset don't just seek challenge, they thrive on it. So says author Carol Dweck in her book Mindset. One of the questions she asked in her studies of fixed versus growth mindsets was, when do you feel smart? How would you answer that question? Some people said it was when they did something perfectly. Others said it was when they tackle a really difficult problem and do something they couldn't do before. It seems a long time endeavor. Perfection, if it's reached, can be a short term effort. Sometimes we seek perfection and it robs us of learning because we're doing something we already know we can do. It can deprive us of the challenges that help us learn. This week, lead well by taking on a challenge that helps you learn.


Take a look at this kitchen and take a look at how high these ceilings are beautifully lit Massive Caesar sewn central counter with so much cupboard space and behind me more cupboard space more countertop for all your prepping needs We've got a four top gas burner underneath We've got your oven and then your extractor fan all of it being D5 Prep sink right over here in case you really are really into cooking your food more countertop And then beautiful continuation of design with some frosted display cabinets all of these lift up and open on gas hinges That's really really nice stainless steel fittings on all the cabinets space for a double-door fridge over here Just behind my cameraman is your pantry area so you can stock all your dry goods over there But if that isn't enough for you behind me, we've got the scullery. Let's take a look Your scullery leads off onto your double garage as well as having an escape hatch onto the back side of your garden Then we've got space for not one but two fridges one of them being a double-door fridge a double sink there for all your washing up needs plenty of space for Storage and then we've got space under counter for three appliance as your dishwasher your tumble dryer as well as your washing machine We've got a start right here in the living areas and first and foremost all those living areas is this stunning kitchen We've got this massive Caesar stone countertop that makes up your center island and if you're an entertainer or if you're a chef this right here is for you Sparkles beautifully with all the light that diffuses from these stackable sliding glass doors that are aluminum framed right in front of you giving you a view of your outdoor area But let's talk about some of the features here and the features are just so striking We've got your prep sink right here with this beautiful wash basin that is built in So much under counter storage as well as this window that opens up afterwards giving you that fresh breeze and a lot of fresh air Then we've got knee-layer appliances and these appliances haven't even been used You've got your induction cooktop Under counter oven as well as oven that is eye level and then a steamer I mean who has a steamer built-in steamer sitting right there with you then talking about things You might want to steam it's all gonna be in your fridge And your fridge is sitting away behind these beautiful gloss white panels How nice is this really keeping this whole kitchen area clean and sharp now talking about things tucked away and out of sight behind me We've got the scullery area. Let's take a look at that The home showcasing industry right here.  We love them, but take a look at this an Epic centerpiece frame by the LED lighting in the ceiling really think this is a cool piece But if you don't want it obviously can move it somewhere else Maybe move it outside maybe move it somewhere within the areas where people can sit and appreciate it and use the center island as a prep island But this isn't the only space in the kitchen because we also have your full-on pantry Let's take a look at that and then let's come out and wrap up the rest of the living space This kitchen has a ton of unique features that we've not seen before so let me go through some of the standard stuff We've got these dark Caesar stone countertops obviously center island beautiful prep fridge so much cupboard space And then again high quality homes always have these built-in Appliances making you feel so fancy. So that is really cool. The appliances are all AEG But now you've noticed this obviously the extractor fan, but really coolly shaped super unique Super cool shaped and then there's more of these unique touches in brushed stainless steel if we wrap around and come over here You'll see a wall of cupboard space great We all understand how important these they have cupboard space, but you don't notice this hump and this hump and sometimes It's just decoration and you're like why is this decoration? It doesn't actually work, but this it definitely works. How cool is this? pocket shelving all your shelvings there and it also makes Decorative feature so I really love that this is included the so cool There are two of them this door over here leads off to your double garage and then right this way is your scullery area So this isn't all the storage in the home You've also got the scullery area with a double sink Undercount the storage for two appliances on one side one appliance on the other side and then another double sink So you've got that incredible dining room area But you've also got the capacity in the kitchen to make sure you're keeping everybody entertained right now we have got to pull these stunning sliding Frosted glass doors open and take a peek at an incredible breathtaking kitchen gloss white cupboards and Stainless steel handles are a few of the high-end finishes that adorn this kitchen Both gas burners on melee as well as adduction stove tops We've got an extractor fan kit it out in the stainless steel sitting just above that Both of them fold away and neaky and tidily into pocket Sections and here we are in a kitchen that is without a doubt a chef's dream We've got Caesar stone Middle Islands with a beautiful prep sink or chef's sink built into it again The ceiling design continues with speakers. Yes, so you can listen to music while you're enjoying whipping up your favorite meal stunning stainless steel handles on every single one of the gloss counters and then melee not only gas but also electric hob with an extractor fan above it Heating table right here oven over there and so much counter space for you to fulfill all your desires But that's not all because as we know homes like this come with extra extra of everything and right here We can see an extra oven heating drawer and microwave We've got space here for a double door fridge and then when it's time to have breakfast You can either enjoy it here at your breakfast with the family But maybe you want an informal dining room area and that would be bright over yeah more Caesar stone countertop extends into the Informal under counter storage again continues on this side. Can you imagine roaring fireplace? The look of winter pouring through again another floor to ceiling gloss sliding door this time all of it Etched with aluminum so you let you know every single piece and product in this home is gonna last a lifetime Well, you sit here with your family in this eights heater dining room table Enjoying the life that you've earned it again does show you just how large every single room in this house is But also how they're all made fit for purpose right here in the kitchen You also have access to your home automation system as well as an iPad They're built into the wall for your security concerns all of its taken You've got round the clock security and a door right here leading up to the back of the garden But we are gonna say that for later Let's talk about the kitchen now This kitchen is divided into two sides one being the main kitchen area beautiful Caesar stone a five-top gas burner and this Extract a piece made purely out of stainless steel plenty of undercover storage and that little bar area slash breakfast look over there as Well as your scullery area, which is just behind me But before we move into the scullery area there are few more features to talk about in this kitchen You've got two eye level ovens set into these beautiful gloss white cupboards before we move into the scullery area You'll find two Seamans eye level ovens set into this beautiful gloss white cupboard space just above that another semen's microwave And then we come to your scullery area your whole prep area is or has should I say something very unique? And that is not only a huge expense of Undercount the storage but above it you've got your very own Private sunlight, which I think is awesome and sunlight or a feature you'll see throughout this home But before we leave the kitchen area, we do have to note that your double fridge will fit in very very easily We're gonna lead you to the heart of the home and that heart is undoubtedly the kitchen We have got incredible quartz countertop. The whole kitchen is bedecked in white Quality finishes are the name of the game within this house We've got hunscrow taps throughout the whole home, but that is not all when we talk about quality specifically within this kitchen We have got a smeg burner Six-top burner as well as an incorporated oven absolutely beautiful in stainless steel Now there are a few other things about this kitchen that I adore one is the frosted gloss Cabinetry let's open this up. It's almost like you're taking the roof off your convertible I think it is incredible another feature. I really want to show you guys all the drawers listen to this The sound of silence a really cool feature here as well is the feature cabinet in wood wood Accents or themes throughout this house. We're gonna show you a lot more of them But the final part of the kitchen that I really really love Is this behind me a sliding door right there by the kitchen who wouldn't love a Really nice breeze while you're cooking seamless indoor outdoor living


DJ Nelson Jr. I met six years ago at Salt Lake through the internet. We've watched a lot of episodes of the OC.   He is the best photographer and videographer I know. He worked for three or four years at the Apple Store or the creative bar. You know, people would come in and say, I've got all these photos. What do I do with them? And he'd show you how to use all the eye-life stuff. And he's gonna tell some stories about that.  Mine is more about personal failure. So one of the things that my dad always told me was, fail as fast as you can. Because then you're kind of free to do really great things. And my mom expected a lot of me. So she said, be brilliant. And so I kind of held on to the be brilliant part and the whole failure thing really scared me.   Valentine's Day was the worst because that is like the scariest thing to not get a Valentine, right? So I kind of grew up with that and in my profession have gone towards film editing. If anyone has ever sat in a bedroom, you know that you're in the dark, you're in the cave by yourself for 8 to 14 hours a day and you don't really talk to anybody unless they want changes on something. So I did that and I was a youngster. I edited on my first film when I was 20 years old which is kind of unheard of because it's a very, it's a profession that film world, you know, you start off as a PA and you get coffee and that's what you do for a really long time until someone gives you the trust to sit in front of a computer. So I did that and eventually got really lonely. Not talking to anybody is kind of really depressing and being, you know, an Apple geek I guess you would say like in Salt Lake I saw there was a retail opening and thought it'd be a really fun thing to take a break from film world and go into something more social. So I applied and I never heard back and I was like well whatever, you know, it's retail and I can do it without. And then one afternoon in June I got a phone call that said you saw your application but we don't think that you're right for the job that you applied for but there's this new position called the creative where you teach how to use software and software is something that comes really easy to me. I can learn it really fast so learning new software seemed to be kind of my back. So in August of 2005 I interviewed for the position and they liked me and said they'd be in touch and so I kind of sat and waited and waited and waited and waited and then finally in September of that year they called me up and said you've got a week we're gonna send you to the Bay Area to train and we'll stick you in a store for a bit. And so I packed my bags and they sent me off and we spent two really great weeks on the Apple campus it's back when they treated their employees a little bit better. So we got you know per diem and hung out on campus and ate at the cafe and kind of just saw how the Apple culture was and how it worked and then after that they stuck us in a store. I was under the impression the entire time that I would be giving kind of one-on-one lessons because that's kind of how it worked the best. But as retail kind of changed they started doing more and more of the oral presentations. If you've ever been to an app store and heard one, you're talking about iPhoto and stuff like that. And so my first day in Palo Alto, Tim Gregory was the guy that I was shadowing and he asked what applications I knew the least and his garage band. Because I'm a photo guy, I don't record music. And so he said well that's great we have a garage band lesson coming up at 10 and you've got an hour to learn the script, learn the software the best you can and we're gonna stick you out in the US. And I was like oh well this is what I asked for I guess, it's more social it's a good answer. So I went in the back of the store and I sat in and I flipped open this huge white binder full of the script on how to talk about garage band. Apple has a pretty specific vocabulary. You learn things that they like they like you to talk their way.  So I'm going through the script and learning about mini keyboards which was like this to me I didn't know you know I didn't know what MIDI was and and how to create a song basically you have to create a song in you know in your lot of time which is an hour but about 45 minutes. And so 45 minutes later I didn't get the full hour. He comes back and grabs me and he says alright well you've got these two ladies who are they're regulars they come and hang out they come shop and sit and listen to presentations. You've got a couple of Stanford professors who they all like to hang out to it's you know no pressure and and you have Laurie and that's Steve Jobs wife.  In front of the people who you find would be the ones who are judging you the most.  I'm talking and I can hear myself just like I can hear myself now but I don't know if the speakers are working or just going to work.  I can hear the heartbeat in my ears my cheeks are hot I can feel them and at one point Laurie says just take a breath do your best and so I took a breath and with 15 minutes left figured out how to get it all. So at that point I felt like okay that was the hardest thing I've ever done ever going from someone who doesn't speak during the day to is giving these presentations and you know since like after that I moved to the Salt Lake store and I had more proficient with it. I was asked to move to the Manhattan store and was so comfortable that I was teaching people how to teach. I had I had messed up so badly that I had figured out all the ways not to present and for my year in Manhattan was teaching new employees how to give presentations and how to give lessons once one hand to a group setting. So that kind of I finished off with my my employment at Apple and I really liked it I wanted to get back into the film world so I got a gig on another film came back to Salt Lake and found that in that span of time learned a lot about myself and about what I'm capable of doing and how I'm capable of presenting myself and then again still for young I think I was 23 or 4 at that point I had the confidence to deal with these companies like Panavision who are used to speaking to old hats and people who were in the industry for a long time and I had the confidence of calling Panavision and saying how does this work this needs to work this way how can we get it to work on our movie and I think back to what my dad said about failing very fast and my mom saying about being brilliant and how those go hand in hand you know you you hear hear these like lessons from people in your life young or even now about about things like that and how and you don't quite take them to heart until you've gone through the experience and you can look back and see like oh wow yeah I should have just given that world presentation in second grade and I would have been much more prepared now and even you know lying in bed last night still get a little pitter-patter knowing that I'm going to speak in front of a group of peers and what they're going to think and how that's going to come across to them but I know it's not going to go as worse as it did in front of learning a quick talk that's all I've got do they do that to everybody oh did they do that often with learning no I was the lucky one she does visit the Palo Alto store and the surrounding area and shop but it was sort of just a random occurrence did you have an opportunity to speak with Lauren after just does you know tell her maybe have her tell her husband give it some good you know it's a good word for you the furthest I could be the better no but but she did give me a wink thanks for listening guys


Hello there. So, I've been getting a lot of requests recently to do more live streams. Now, there was a period where I was doing live streams a couple months ago, but I'm actually now in a place where I don't have particularly good internet. But a lot of people recently have been getting zucked off YouTube, have been having a lot of problems, and live streams are always in, I guess, really high demand. People just like them, and I figure it might be worth doing them, investing some time in it, just a couple hours a week or something like that, into doing live streams, just because people keep asking for them. Now, I've been trying to live stream in the past couple of weeks or so, but I'm actually in a place right now where I don't have very good internet, or at least my upload capacity isn't very high. So, I want to sort of, before I move to a different location, I will be moving somewhere else with better internet in January. In fact, I could upgrade my internet right now, but it'd be a waste since I'm just going to move. But although I'll be in a better place in January, and I can do traditional live streams, I've been thinking about having a delayed question and answer period. And what I mean by that is, YouTube has this new feature called Premieres, where I can pre-record a video, and it is released at a particular time. And unlike other videos, this video has a live chat window that people can watch it as it comes out at a particular time, chat in response to it. And I can be in that chat as well. So, I'm thinking about doing that, but with the same kind of functionality, or with the additional functionality as sort of reproducing super chats and stuff like that. That is, I'm thinking before what the video is going to be, in effect, is similar, really identical to how it would be when I usually record a live stream where I'm responding to chats or super chats. But people can send in questions beforehand. So, you can send in a super chat, send in any kind of donation. The donation links are in the video description. Just go to my website, lukesmith.xyz, and you can send in any kind of PayPal or Bitcoin or other kinds of cryptocurrency donations with some kind of corresponding question or topic of discussion, and I will respond to that. Now, I already have some people who have donated recently with some kind of questions on board, so I might answer those in the first episode. But if you want to participate, if you want to, I guess, channel what kind of discussion topics I talk about, go ahead and send in a donation with some, you know, just the same way you would use a super chat or something else in a live stream. So, feel free to do that. I mean, if you send a crypto donation, since you can't obviously send some message with that, just email me at the same time and say, this was from me, here's what I want you to talk about. So, I'm open to talking about pretty much anything, obviously anything technology related. I don't want to troubleshoot problems, but if you want to talk about anything conceptual about, you know, Linux or Unix or technology stuff, I'll be able to do that. Additionally, people usually ask political questions or some kind of social questions or something like that. I'm open to all of that. The only thing I'm getting a little... Well, I don't want to say annoyed with, but there are some questions that people always ask, and I guess I can respond to those, but, you know, it might take a little... I mean, everyone wants to know what I think about Jordan Peterson. I don't care about Jordan Peterson, you know? I mean, but if you give me 200 bucks for it, okay, I'll talk about Jordan Peterson, but that's just an example, you know? So, if you have any kind of topic of discussion, feel free to send in a donation and I'll talk about them. And if you've donated in the last month or so, specifically, there are a lot of you guys who donated it. I had a birthday that I mentioned and a lot of people sent in donations, and I will read some of those during the live stream and talk about whatever topics that people in those donations brought up. But if you haven't anything else, feel free to, you know, throw it in a donation or something else. I'll probably be doing this for the first time. I want to sing on Sunday afternoon. It's probably going to be the best time. So, if you're subscribed, and I think you might have to hit the bell, I assume most of you guys seeing this video have already hit the bell, but I think you should get a notification saying that the premiere is going to be at this particular time on Sunday, and when it comes out, you can all sit there and watch it, and that's going to be that. And I'll be in the chat room as well, and I can also respond to chats, obviously, there. So yeah, that's going to be it. Again, I don't know what days of the week are most convenient for people, but for this first one, I'm at least going to do it on Sunday afternoon, just because it's relatively soon. That's only a couple days, but just for my schedule this week, it works out. So anyway, if you have any other questions, feel free to email or throw them in the comment section, or suggestions as well. But that's going to be it for this video, and I'll see you guys next time.


Here's a little jewel by Hafiz. It's entitled The Great Religions. The Great Religions are the ships, poets, the lifeboats. Every sane person I know has jumped overboard. That is good for business, isn't it, Hafiz?


My view is, you know, the first thing that any country has to do is give freedom to the refugees who are running to their country. You know, recognize them as a human being and recognize them as an asset rather than a burden to the community or to the state. For my experience in the U.S., you know, the U.S. refugee program is not really the amount of money the social support system that that refugee gave. It's actually the freedom they get, the freedom to choose where to go, where to live, you know, to own a business, you know, to pursue education. That's really the cornerstone of what they, from my perspective, what the U.S. refugee program is. In the U.S., even though the government provides financial assistance to a resettlement agency, the entire refugee resettlement program is done by civil society organizations. Some of them are face-based organizations, some of them are just local agencies. Some of them are former refugees founding their own organization and providing services to the newcomers. So, in the U.S., we have a very inclusive refugee resettlement model.


And now I am excited to introduce to you some people who are gonna share the smart solutions using their phone to reduce hunger and eliminate waste. Today we have with us, Anthony Levain. Anthony is the head of product at Food Rescue Hero. I love that name, Food Rescue Hero combines technology, last mile logistics and community engagement to create a new food recovery redistribution network that effectively delivers fresh and highly perishable food directly to those who need it most. So I'm Anthony, very nice to meet you all. Thank you for taking the time to listen. So the relationship between food waste and hunger is pretty well understood at this point. Most of you already know that in America, about 40% of our perfectly good food gets wasted. And Aretha already told us that around two billion people are experiencing food insecurity right now. Food recovery is a promising idea for solving all these problems, but it isn't yet ubiquitous. So at Food Rescue Hero, the question we asked ourselves was if we're serious about ending food waste and hunger, then how can we scale food recovery? Do we just need to keep adding more and bigger trucks to try to recover more food from more places? Almost half of the food waste actually occurs at the retail levels, so grocery, restaurant, et cetera. Those potential donations are everywhere. They're small, they're unpredictable, and time sensitive. So to recover all this healthy, fresh food, the traditional logistics model would be really expensive and inefficient, which makes it impossible for many people and organizations that wanna help. Through our work in food recovery, we've learned that volunteers using their own transportation are extremely responsive, efficient, and reliable. As Aretha mentioned, they are able to provide a 99% service level on average. They just need to know where to go and what to do. So if we can build a movement with Food Rescue Heroes all over the world, there's no limit to the impact that we can make together. And if we can sustain that impact by keeping those volunteers engaged, rescuing food week in and week out, then we believe we really can end food waste and hunger. So technology alone won't solve food waste, but community action has the power to ignite change and Food Rescue Hero is designed to be people powered in what we mean by that is that we make it easy for folks to start rescuing food right in their own communities whenever they have a half an hour of free time. We offer plans for organizations of any size that wanna recover food from brand new startups to establish hunger organizations with decades of experience. Food Rescue Hero helps volunteers succeed by guiding them step by step through their food rescues to ensure that they have all the info they need right when they need it, which sets them up for a great experience. And we also provide food rescue operations teams with the training guidance and best practices based on the wisdom of those 12 cities that currently rely on our platform. We provide those teams with reliable data to demonstrate that impact to their partners, their funders, to the media and any other stakeholders that they have. So here's how it works. We accept donations via a web form and the dispatcher uses the Food Rescue Hero web app to match them with the appropriate recipient. When that dispatcher publishes a new food rescue, all the nearby volunteers will get a push notification letting them know about the opportunity. The volunteers can claim that rescue or a number of others on a one time or a weekly basis. We've also recently launched home delivery routes to increase food access and convenience for folks who maybe can't get to their neighborhood pantry or distribution site, which includes so many people during this pandemic, of course. And for the volunteer that claimed the food rescue our mobile app then guides them through completing it, providing easy to follow directions and instructions every step of the way. Meanwhile, the dispatchers can monitor the status of all the rescues that are happening in real time to see which ones are moving along nicely and which ones might be unclaimed or stalled so they can reach out to the relevant people and get those rescues completed. And then we compile all the data that's gathered by all those folks into reports so organizations can access their information whenever they need to. So operations teams love Food Rescue Heroes Automation, which allows them to easily onboard volunteers to pick up food rescues every week without needing to recruit each time or remind them individually. And volunteers love that they can request a sub whenever they're sick or going to be on vacation so that day's rescue will be available for another volunteer and that food won't get wasted. Food Rescue Heroes love that the app provides them with really detailed special instructions including contact information and even photos showing them where they need to go. Those things make sure they have everything they need to complete their food rescue. And then those volunteers can also see their infographics showing their impact in their city, their own personal impact and the entire, excuse me, the entire Food Rescue Hero network. Many people like to share these on social media which is really useful for growing the movement, growing that volunteer community in your area. For our technologists who are curious, our app is built with Ruby on Rails, we use the Ionic framework and it all has a Postgres database. And if you're interested in partnering with us, you can check out our website foodrescuhero.org or email us to schedule a demo. We'd love to show you what it can do. Thanks.


Hey everybody, Matt here for Leighton Sports Cards. Ripping two boxes of 2022 Panini Chronicles Baseball. These are for Justin S. Good luck, Justin. This is a Gerrinda Rand magnitude. It's Shane Baz. Red Wave Crusade. It's $199. Albert Pujol. Spectre Silver. Brandon Marsh. City and Rookie. Jay Rod. Rookie Recon. Gerrinda Rand. Manning Machado. If you have a redemption, come on. Let's see a big card. Let's go. Nice. That is Elite Rookie Auto Spencer Torkelson. Nice. There you go. Nice start, Justin. Congrats on the Torkelson. There's Jose Ramirez. The most underrated player in baseball. Who? Tork? No, Ramirez. Oh. Oh, Jose? Yeah. Yeah, for sure. Seiya Suzuki. Rookie Essentials and Glenn Otto. Rookie to $199. Wander Franco. Clear vision rookie. This is Jersey. Shohei Otani. And Mojo. George Springer. There's Rizzo. Deviners. Williams. And nice. Cubs. Rookie Certified Auto. Seiya Suzuki. There you go. Nice one, Justin. Excellent. First two hits here for you. The first two autos. Yeah. The thing is, there aren't going to be many Pena Rookie autos. There's Wander. That was clearly Don Russo and Wander Phoenix. O'Neill Cruz, Crusade. Traverse Story. There's Wander Franco. Zenith Rookie. Blue to $99. Spencer Strider. I feel like we get one of those Jeremy Pena recon redemptions like every three boxes. Really? Certified Rookie Auto. Anthony Bender. Box two. And I've pulled many of them. Really? Yeah. Oh, do you? That's cool. Grab up your boxes. What you see up here on the desk is all we have in queue. Spencer Strider. Mike Trout. There's a Titan Rookie, Seiya Suzuki. And that is Contenders. Rookie Auto 50 of 50, Kevin Smith. Aaron Judge, Obsidian. Williams. Paul Goldschmidt. Oh, Mookie Crusade. And Randy Rosarana, Psychedelic Spectra. Guess it's not numbered. Brandon Marsh. Obsidian Rookie. Camilo Duvall. Fortes. Clearly Don Russo Rookie, Spencer Strider. Curtis Terry. And this is to 99 Rookie Patch Auto Auto Lopez. Nice color match there on the Auto Auto. Jose Ramirez. I feel like we pull an Auto Auto so early in the day every time. So lately, it's been like late in the day for me. Really? The other day, I didn't pull an Auto Auto until the last box of the day. Wow, that's surprising. So Jake Lats, Rookie Blue. Either one. Glenn Auto. Yeah, I didn't pull an Auto, Lopez Auto. Jordan Alvarez, Jersey. I almost called him Jordan Auto. Quit to Merrifield. There's a Joe Ryan Rookie Obsidian. Two packs to go. Great Jackson. That is Gavin Sheets, Hyper Season Ticket, Contenders Optic. That's to 2.99. And to 1.99, Rookie Jersey Auto, Ryan Vallade. Joe Hayotani, or not Rookie, Obsidian. Turn to Rand, this is Recon Rookie Jeremy Pena. Turn to Rand. Spencer Torkelson, Carlos Correa, and Kyle Lewis. There you go, Justin. That'll do it for your box. That's good stuff. Appreciate the purchase. We'll get these right out to you.


This research paper examined the effectiveness of using remote-sensed soil moisture data to improve flood prediction models. It was found that the use of remote-sensed soil moisture data improved the accuracy of flood predictions, particularly for short lead times and imminent floods. Additionally, it was found that the use of remote-sensed soil moisture data resulted in fewer false alarms being issued. This article was authored by N. Wonders, D. Carsonberg, A. Daru, and others.


Hi everyone, Sean with jaskiescasebreaks.com here doing a random number block randomizer for the Timberwolves Hawks Celtics Sixers and the Cavs in 2020-2021 Obsidian basketball. Six box pick a team number 14 coming up shortly. So it works just like every other random number block, 10 spots, everyone gets a number from 0 through 9 for this break. If you get a number 3, you'll get all cards with 3 being the first number next to the slash on the left side of the slash for these teams in the random number block. So those 5 teams in random number block. So if the card is 1399, 3 out of 25, 43 out of 49, 93 out of 99, and so on, the number 3 with the card, all redemption cards will go to the 0 spot, even if it's a known one-of-one it will still go to the 0 spot, and any non-numbered cards will be grouped together and randomized to one person in the random number block at the end of the break. So there you go. Here is the list of customers. Thanks to everybody for getting in from Robert Runkle down to Michael Park and the numbers from 0 through 9. Dice World randomized both lists and paired them up 4 and a 5, 9 times, guys. Good luck. What's up, Jeremy? 9th and final time, Michael Park down to Robert Runkle. Are you in on this, Jeremy? I don't think so, right? And 9 times on the numbers, 9th and final time, 3 down to 5. 9 times on the numbers, 9 times on the names, and 9 times on the dice. Michael Park with 3, 6 and 7, Robert Runkle with 8, Michael Park with 4, Anthony Liska with 0, Michael Park with 2, Steve Birch with 9, John Leanta-Kianakos with 1, and Robert Runkle with 5. So let's sort this by numbers and take a look. So Anthony Liska with 0 gets any and all redemption for these 5 teams, which is the Minnesota, from Minnesota, Atlanta, Boston, Philadelphia, and Cleveland in picker team number 14, even known one-of-one redemption for those 5 teams, while spot 1 John Leanta-Kianakos would get any live and in-person one-of-ones for those teams in this break as well. And then like I said, any non-numbered cards for those 5 teams would be randomized as one lot to one number at the end of the break. And there you go. That is the random number block randomized for the Timberwolves, Hawks, Celtics, Sixers, and Cavs for 2020, 2021 Obsidian, basketball, Sixbox, picker team, random number block, picker team number 14. I'm Sean, jaspyscasebrakes.com, thanks for hanging out, we'll see you next time.


Former Secretary of the Navy and retired Senator John Warner was in Norfolk, Virginia to visit the battleship USS Wisconsin Before being honored at the Keeling ceremony of the ship named for him He took time to reflect on his years of service to the Navy and to the nation Former Secretary of the Navy and Senator John Warner took time out of his schedule to visit the Hampton Roads Naval Museum and battleship Wisconsin the visit took place before being honored during the killing ceremony of the Pre-commissioning unit John Warner whose namesake recognizes his contributions to the Navy and the nation the experience with Wisconsin started in Let me about December of 1951. I was the communications officer of a Marine Corps squadron in well actually from the small air group mag 33 in Korea and I used to catch hops as an observer Whenever I could and I saw her offshore North Korea on a firing mission. It was really something And I next to saw during the First Gulf War. I was chairman of the Seminary Armed Services Committee And then I was very active in the Congress to make the arrangements to have the ship come and be given to us first to a city Reporting from Naval Station Norfolk, I'm petty officer Daniel Michelle