Heating your home, cooking nutritious food, providing safe drinking water for your family. Three basic needs in life that over 60% of people living in sub-Saharan Africa must meet by burning wood fuel. African cities are expanding rapidly as people move from the countryside in search of opportunities. This means an ever-growing energy demand from urban dwellers, especially in the form of charcoal. When unchecked, harvesting of wood fuel can have negative consequences on forests and woodlands leading to deforestation, forest degradation, and diminishing the ecosystem services they provide to communities. This is why C4Ecraft, supported by the European Union, has identified high-priority areas across sub-Saharan Africa with a view to develop more sustainable wood fuel value chains. By developing evidence-based options and continuing to learn from their outcomes, C4Ecraft aims to produce useful guidance to governments and other stakeholders on the solutions and conditions to develop sustainable wood fuel value chains in sub-Saharan Africa.


What's up everyone? It's your girl Kenty here from Layton Sports Cards and I'm ripping a personal for Oran W We've got two twenty one twenty two panini immaculate basketball Holly boxes. All right. Thanks is always oran for hopping in Let's see we get you some pretty solid boxes yesterday morning for you Still a logo manhunt in that field What's up? Wahoos going great this morning so far man. How are you doing? How are you? Box number one here on thanks for subscribing Arizona appreciate it if you guys are watching on YouTube and not subscribed yet We greatly appreciate that Love any of the support we can get as always. We've got Sadiq Bay 74 of 99 would appreciate it We have the standard patch 78 of 99 Brandon Ingram Thank you. Wahoos some more gifted subs love it love it appreciate all your support We've got how about chef curry with the pot boy 47 of 99 game used to cool Nice curry We've got rookie Otto 13 of 25 Jair Butler for the jazz nice low numbered rookie Otto there 13 and 25 We've got past and present signatures 32 of 99 Denny of Dia. We've got a absolute monster Sign that one big too Wow, that's beautiful Wow Yeah, I love the magic patch on that congrats on this one orn. We'll get this one maxed up right away for you heck, yeah All right As Lizzo says it's about them time in a minute. I'm gonna need a sentimental romantic woman to pump me Too much I'm gonna need like two shots in my cup wanna get up wanna get down. Mmm So a few right now All right, here we go box to tree man rookie 29 of 99 Thunder it was on the radio 91 on my way in here. It's stuck in my head the standard patch 86 of 99 DeMar DeRozan for the bowls shite out Going back to the bowls. We've got another patch 99 99 book and Zach Levine. We hope Lonzo ball comes back this season one of my favorite players For real Wahoos. It's been hot this morning. We have immaculate ink auto 58 of 99 Christian Latner Christian Latner, sorry Latner 58 of 99 T wolves throwback out on there We've got past and present signatures gold one of ten Bojan by Donovitch a couple of jazz hits coming your way. Oh My gosh Orin what is going on? I I already saw it, but I'll slow roll it for y'all autographs gold card number 48 of Congrats on the goal get this in a mag for you congrats on that or and thanks so much as Always for your support two amazing boxes. We'll get these right out to you


Hey beauties, I'm Bianca Renee and you're watching Bianca Renee Today. And today, I did a little shopping at Sephora. Sephora just had their spring sale, so I took this opportunity to stock up on some foundations from my Foundation Fridays, and I got the new Fenty Beauty Ease Drop Blurring Skin Tint. So I was very excited to review this for you guys today, and then I opened it and realized it's too dark. I got the wrong shade. So come back next week for that review. But I also got the Fenty Beauty Pro Filter Soft Matte Powder Foundation. I haven't used a powder foundation in years. I really can't tell you last time it was a powder foundation, so I really wanted to try this one. So that's what we're gonna be doing today. So I'm on the Fenty Beauty website right now. Here are all the different shades. Just like the regular foundation, there are 50 shades for all. This is supposed to be a buildable light to full coverage. I agree. Long wear, we're gonna test that. Lightest air, true. Crease resistant, oh, okay. Sweat humidity and crease resistant. Won't settle into fine lines, clog pores, or cake up. Reduce the appearance of shine. Yes, your oily girl, me, needs that one. So this one cost me $36. It's a pretty small compact, 0.32 ounces if you wanna compare to something that you have at home. Really cute packaging.  So let me go back to show you how I got to this point right here. Let's begin. I'm looking like a glazed donut. I have all my serums and moisturizers on. I'm trying new things. But let's start off with the Fenty Primer, which I bought a long time ago. This is the Matte Pro Filter. And hopefully this will keep my very oily skin matte. I do recall that the new Matte Primer was better for me than the original Fenty Primer. So if you have oily skin, there is a difference between the Matte and the regular. The regular didn't really do enough for my oily skin. But this one was good. And we're primed. So now let's try the new Fenty Soft Matte Powder Foundation. I don't think I've used a powder foundation since like bare minerals when I had severe acne and I was just like afraid to even put foundation on my skin. So I'm excited to try this again and see what a powder foundation does. Medium to full coverage for all, lightest air, flawless filter effect. So let's do a little split test and see how flawless I can look. To apply the powder foundation, I'm gonna use a very like dense brush. This one's just by Revlon. Cause I like a little bit more full coverage. Here we go. It feels so weird putting powder first. This is usually my last step. And like not wearing a foundation. Like that's gonna be crazy. Coverage is good there. And this is the color 360, which is the same as my Fenty Foundation shade. So the numbers do correlate there. Wow. Very matte. I think the color works. Wow. Would you look at that before, after. It does give you a very dislike filter look. So you don't see every single pore and imperfection. It's a more even coverage. It feels very lightweight because it is powder. It doesn't feel heavy or cakey at all. I don't even know if powder can do that. But coverage was pretty good. We got a little bit more to that blemish. So it is buildable to get the desired coverage that you want. There's a very impressive split test. I love the natural look for this. This is probably good for just like a quick leave the house. You don't want a full glam face.  So I don't always have time for a full face. But let's keep going. Wow. That looks very, very nice, natural and extremely matte. Just how I like it. So I am personally happy with the 360 color, the matte finish and the coverage even though it's only a powder foundation. So I'm gonna go ahead now and finish the rest of my face. And there you have it, my full face. This is my second time trying this foundation. I used it yesterday. I wasn't a fan yesterday, but more because of the concealer that I used with it. I've learned that with a powder foundation, you gotta keep things light and airy just like your foundation. And I used a really heavy, kind of like cakey, full coverage concealer. So it was like way too much harshness on my concealer to then blend with the foundation. So today I actually used the Rare Beauty Concealer which is much lighter and I think did a good job at blending into the foundation. Still maybe could have used a little less, but I'm happy with it. I did decide to keep a very soft glam. I'm not wearing any lashes today. I'm not even wearing any eyeliner. I did put on my Fenty highlight and I did a little wing, but that's it. So I have to run some errands today. Right now it is 12.37 p.m. So I'll come back at the end of the day after a full day of running errands and show you how well this matte powder foundation lasts on my oily skin. Will it crease? Will it get shiny? We'll find out. And I'm back. It is now 8.25 p.m. What time did I put on this makeup? Was it like 12.30? If so, that's about eight hours of wear. And I also realized I really put this foundation to the test because I've been wearing a mask all day. So that's definitely gonna have to be a whole wear test in itself, a mask wear test. So let's take a good look. I'm a little shiny around here. And where my mask was, there's like a little bit of makeup missing here and like right by my nose where my mask was.  That's kind of hard. But I guess it'd have to be like smudge proof for that to be okay. I thought the coverage is still there, but I am pretty shiny. And it did kind of rub off on my cheeks where my mask was. But let's do a little blotting test. I have my Rare Beauty blotting sheets. So let's see. I really should have done a whole series on foundations that last through masks. Has anyone done a mask wear test video series? I would have thought of that in like March 2020. Would have been genius. I guess I could still do like a mask wearing series, but I'm hoping that we're at the tail end of this pandemic. So hopefully it'd be a very, very limited series. Here's my blotting sheet, the oil that I picked up. Not too much foundation on there. So I don't really see a lot of transfer actually. But what's going on here? This has to be where my mask was. Yeah. Cause the mask goes right around here. So where I put the mask, it kind of came off on my nose. Huh. But if I didn't have a mask on all day, the upper half of me does look really good. So what do we think? What have we learned from wearing a mask? Has it been protecting your makeup or making it worse? I know mask knee is definitely a thing. I know a lot of people that just actually put on makeup just from here up because why waste the foundation no one's gonna see it. But overall, I'm not mad at it. So I don't think I would wear this foundation for like a full eight hour wear if I want like a full coverage look all day. This is definitely more of a quick, easy go-to run somewhere come back after a couple hours type foundation. I do like having a much lighter option, especially a powder foundation. And let me know if there's any other powder foundations you want me to review. So I do like this foundation. I would recommend it, especially if you have oily skin. I like how matte it is. It is very buildable. I'm probably gonna try this with different primers see if it works even better with maybe a different primer, but it's cool. But let me know what you think.  Let me know your thoughts. What is your favorite Fenty foundation thus far? The ProFilter matte, the ProFilter hydrating the ProFilter powder foundation or the new EaseDrop? One of my errands today was Sephora. So I did get the correct shade. But I did get the new EaseDrop blur skin tint to try next. So make sure you are subscribed so you don't miss that video. I post foundation videos on Fridays for my foundation Fridays. And then I post curly hair videos on Sunday. If you want daily content, make sure to follow me on Instagram at MsBiancaRenae. I'll see you guys next time. Thanks for watching BiancaRenae today.


everybody. We're going to get started here in just a minute. I'm going to give some time for everybody to join. If you have any comments make sure to leave them in the in the chat and we'll try to save some time at the end of our presentation here to address them. So like I say we'll just give it another minute. I hope everybody's enjoying all the sessions today. Like I say just get started here in a moment. Hang tight. Give it another 30 seconds or so and we will get started. All right everybody. Thanks for joining today. We are going to have a great presentation coming up. It is the title is Locationless API Management with Red Hat Three Scale and Red Hat Service Interconnect. I've got Bomzy here who's going who I'm going to turn it over to. Go ahead Bomzy. Thanks Greg. Hi everyone. My name is Vamshi Ravla, Principal Technical Marketing Manager here at Red Hat. I focus on technologies related to API management, app connectivity and you know app foundations, application services, everything that is related to app development at Red Hat and I have been with Red Hat for the past seven, almost eight years now and you know it's been a fantastic right and I'm excited to present the concept of Locationless API Management to all of you today and you know hopefully have some good discussions towards the end of our session. So if at any point just a couple of checks. If at any point something is not visible, something is not audible, feel free to you know pull it out of the chat or Greg will also come out of mute if something's not visible and let me know. So let us know if there is some technical glitch and we'll sort it out in the middle of the session. Okay with that said let's jump into the actual content of the today. So what we'll discuss today is you know first we'll discuss an introduction to API management. You know some of you or majority of you have heard about API management but for the benefit of others who have not you know heard about it or are a little confused about the topic. Do a quick intro. Some challenges with the existing solutions or some restrictions that current vendors pose with respect to API management and introduction to the concept of Locationless API management. The need for it and how Red Hat addresses it, the demo use cases and so on and so forth. And as once we go into the middle of the session today you will actually see a live demo. Pray to the demo gods right that everything goes well but you'll see a live demo on how we achieve what we call Locationless API management. So with that said let's jump into the session. So we know that you know APIs are like a nervous system to all the businesses today right. Every company that uses technology today does APIs in some form or the other and APIs have become super critical to every business or soon every business right businesses that don't do APIs today. At some point we'll start building technology and you know start adopting or building APIs wanting to share them etc. So APIs are fundamental just not a technical constant but are also very fundamental to every business out there and very important from a business point of view. Customers and partners you know depend on it a lot of customers use the APIs of your technology or product to do different functionalities partner use your APIs to you know deliver value added features or value added functions and APIs essentially help your product become a platform you know by the value add services that partners provide and also gives flexibility to your customers to you know add their own things on top of what you actually offer when you expose your APIs to customers. And like I mentioned it is fundamental to achieve for a company to big APIs are really fundamental for a company to become agile competitive and like I mentioned right it is the foundation for a product for any technology to become an ecosystem on a platform and APIs are key there and a lot of web and mobile apps depend on APIs so anything that you do you mean we mostly know right if you are attending this and we are technical to a certain extent but almost all products that we interact today have are interacting with some kind of APIs. So I just wanted to you know talk through this slide about to set up the stage for how important APIs are but when you when you think about APIs right it's it's it's not just about oh I've created an API I mean the slide says HTTP rest endpoints but but it could be HTTP, GIPs here anything so any any any of your APIs right it's it's not just about oh I've created the API I have exposed it I'm done my job is done it's it's not just that right creating and you know offering the API is just the start you need to think about a lot of things such as security and authentication how do I secure my API the what type of security what type of authentication do is it a key based authentication is it a open ID connect based authentication what are the different versions how do I do a versioning of my API and what is the SLA behind different APIs documentation if somebody wants to use my API how will they learn about my API without you know reaching out to the engineering team directly the documentation is very important a portal or a developer portal where if you are exposing your APIs externally or internally or even internally to other teams there should be a self-service portal where people can sign up to your APIs you know look at the documentation look at the usage of the APIs etc you know more things such as reliability policies you know header modification authorization using JWT tokens rerouting except all such policies are also something you need to think about testing metering and billing if if you want to monetize your APIs you need to think about metering and billing alerts if based on usages down times of APIs you know the whole lifecycle management access control so all these things are something you need to think about when you're thinking about oh I need to create an API and expose it to say my customers and partners but it's it's just not that and all these things are something we need to think about and that is where API management really shines right API management covers majority of the issues for you in a single offering and that's why it's so important that you have an API management tool today especially if you are planning to build out a very strong API program because it covers a lot of a lot of aspects that that this slide shows under under the iceberg right like it's it's just you know exposing it's just the tip of the iceberg but it covers a lot of aspects under that are covered by API management so again this session just just to give a heads up I'm not going to do a deep dive into API management of such because I've assumed people who've come to this session know or have heard about API management or are using API management and rather you know you know drill down into a specific aspect of API management right so API management at a 10,000 feet view is excuse me just something to check right sorry that was a simple technical glitch but so API management at a 10,000 feet view is you know you have typically a data plane which is your API gateway and API back and together and then you have a control plane which is your API manager who takes care of all the documentation portal monetization analytics etc so typically most of the API management platforms are divided into these two aspects with control plane and the data plane and today's session we'll focus a little bit more on the the data plane and specifically the connectivity between the API backend and your API gateway and your API management platform right how how do we achieve this connectivity what are the challenges or the restrictions that current vendors that current vendors provide and sorry I just have to close my chat because it keeps thinking I'm sorry about that but that current vendors the challenges that current vendors the challenges that we have with current solutions and how locationless API management tries to solve that right so let's so again long story short this is not going to be a deep dive into API management but more about the connectivity aspect and how restrictive some of the solutions are so if you look at the current approach some of the vendors today will ask you to deploy the gateway in the same environment of APIs so that you know the APIs are easily discovered by the API gateway because you know you do not you only want the only public exposure for your APIs that you need is through the API gateway you do not want to expose your API backend first publicly and then add that to the gateway and then expose it through the gateway so some some some kind a common pattern is people deploying the gateway in the same pattern of API so that they don't they can access them locally within that environment and they don't need to create any public URLs for the API and the only access point externally would be through the gateway and that's kind of very restricting in a lot of ways right because again if you want to deploy your API back in somewhere else other than the gateway or if your API gateway is not compatible in certain environments where you want to build your API it kind of restricts you the other thing is some of the vendors today force you to you know build APIs using their proprietary vendor runtime so for example they say oh you have to use our platform to build your APIs so that you know you can manage your APIs using our API management platform and that is again super restricting today right because you know one you don't get the choice to build APIs in the language of your choice and the environment of your choice and you're seriously restricted by the vendor who says use our runtime or our specific scripting languages otherwise your API our API management platform will not be able to manage your APIs and the third challenge that again some of the vendors ask you to do is you know in order for your in order for your API to be discovered or managed by our API gateway and the platform need to publish your APIs to an exchange I mean that exchange could be a public exchange or a private exchange managed by the vendor but it's a mandate it's a mandatory thing that you know it's a mandatory thing that some vendors push you to you know publish the API to a certain vendor exchange for the APIs to be managed by the gateways and again that is that is super restrictive right you don't want to you know maintain another piece of architecture or publish your APIs to another exchange and and you are super restricted by you know the conditions that the vendor poses you so you want to have a lightweight environment and not have an extra piece of infrastructure like this such as the vendor exchange or if it's a public exchange you don't want to you know publicly expose your APIs also so that's that's another challenge and finally you know if you really want if you really want the flexibility say you're deploying your API back in in different environments and you want your API gateway to you know discover your API back ends as if they're in the local network you have to set up complex VPNs firewalls VPCs between the APIs and API gateways which which are which is a good solution but a very time consuming very complex again the development teams are restricted by the velocity of the networking teams and it really restricts the speed at which you know you know the API teams can progress because you know they have to reach out to the networking teams about okay can you set up a VPN between my API gateway and API back end then you have to give a business reasoning etc and and its VPNs VPCs firewalls are not that easy to you know configure right so these are the challenges that the current existing solutions or restrictions you know pose you with in terms of giving you the flexibility to deploy your APIs anywhere you know that to be managed by the API gateway and and that's where you know the concept of location less API management comes in right so what does location less API management let's go to the definition so location less API management epitomizes apparent dramatic evolution endowing organizations with the liberty to orchestrate API deployments devoid of geographical constraints this transformative approach seamlessly accommodates the whole definition right and I'll give you a minute to read this not a minute I'll give you 10 seconds to go through this and then after reading this you know after completing saying the imperatives of operational flexibility within the sophisticated tapestry of modern API governments you'll be thinking what in the world is this guy talking about and why is this definition so complex I actually this is a made-up definition I wanted to make it as complex as possible just for you know heck of it but it's it's it's actually not not the actual definition of API management but what in the world is location less API management and why should we be very simple and not as complicated as this definition that we see here right so so what is location less API management so location less API management means you know you should be able to manage your APIs distributed across multiple clouds and clusters without any restrictions wherever in there so for example you have your APIs that are deployed in AWS your APIs are deployed on Red Hat OpenShift on GCP on Red Hat Enterprise Linux VMs demilitarized zones mainframes legacy systems whatever your APIs might be deciding their API management platform or the API managers and the gateways should be able to discover and access your APIs without any trouble and you should have the flexibility to deploy your APIs without compromising on the functionalities of API management that is a key key feature of key key aspect of location less API management and the other aspect of location less API management is you know to reduce the complexity and increase the visibility of your APIs because as I mentioned you know one of the complexities of public facing API management is you know you've seen the challenges that we've seen with vendors you know like using the appropriate return times using vendor exchanges building complicated VPNs firewalls or sometimes exposing the API using a public URL externally and just praying to God that you know you know nobody discovers it and just add that URL to your API management platform so there's a lot of complexities involved in public facing API management and then location less API management seeks to reduce that and you'll see how that is and the other aspect of location less API management is to create discovery of your APIs easy and create a single pane of visibility for your APIs scattered across different environments through your API management platform so those are the key aspects of API management location less API management right one is the flexibility to deploy APIs everywhere and then at the same time increase the discoverability and reduce the complexity of your public facing APIs so now that we have an understanding or a high-level understanding of what location less API management seeks to achieve what is the real need for it so there's a lot of things that you can talk about but I think these are the key things right one is compliance for example say you have the government regulate that you are in a country where the government regulates you to you know deploy your API only closer to where the data sits and the API should not be deployed anywhere else except for that region but your API management platform is in some other region and it creates a challenge for you so in that case the need for location less API management is super important so you have your API management wherever it is and you have your APIs and databases close to each other in the regions that are approved by the regulatory body and then you can you can create that connectivity using you know what we call location less API management again data residency regulations you know GDPR is another example but that's one of the primary needs for location less API management and another thing is security I mean security is common for API management in general but it's more so important for location less API management because you know you have diverse environments that and your APIs are dispersed across different environments because you know you know in large organizations people like to deploy APIs I mean you have different teams and each team likes to deploy APIs in different environments and you know the security aspect of how your APIs communicate with the API management platform and the communication and the transfer of data between these two platforms should be protected and should protect all the sensitive data right so it's even more important when you're talking about dispersed API is the security aspect which is very important and finally costs for example if you if there is a situation where you cannot move your data to say to say to a cloud or a platform where your API management resides just because of the costs involved or if you want to move your APIs to a cheaper a cloud vendor where you have certain discounts but your API and you're using API gateway from some other vendor who doesn't support on that cloud what would you do so all these things are called for I mean called for the need for a concept like location less API management that gives you the flexibility to deploy and you know helps you achieve compliance and security so how do we go about location less API management or rather how does Red Hat try to achieve this so before and this is where you know hopefully the fun part and the interesting demo comes into picture right but before I actually go into the demo I'll talk about a couple of products from Red Hat that we use in the demo so that you understand what what we are using for for what here and then you can we can we can dive into the details of the demo so the two components that we'll be using in our demo today is Red Hat three scale API management is a complete API management platform which again like I showed earlier has two two different two key aspects right one is the data plane and the control plane the data plane is you know if you can see my mouse pointer here or let me get a laser yeah if you can see the mouse pointer here this is the API gateway is the data plane and the API manager is the control plane so the API gateway mostly is concerned about you know your consumer API consumer apps making requests and it authenticates with say using an API key or say open ID connects single sign on using single sign on tools such as Red Hat I mean single sign on key cloak etc and once once it is authorized it it goes to the API backend and returns data to your API consumers or developer apps that you have and because the data travels through this and the request and response travel through the gateway we call it the data plane and the control plane is the API manager itself which covers a lot of aspects such as you know the admin portal admin portal is where you know as an API provider you can control you can look at the analytics and billing of your API you can manage the keys of the developers who are using your API say a developer has left an organization or no longer using and using your API or his plan or subscription has expired you how to delete the keys a CMS management for the developer portal and and a dashboard to have a view of all the API's that they are managing and a developer portal again is a part of the API manager which will provide you you know where you can provide documentation a self service a self sign up mechanism for your API consumers active docs where you can look at the documentation dry samples of your API so that it developer portal helps you expose your API's externally or I mean outside your team or outside your organization and creates an option for self sign up for API consumers that can you know sign up for the API's get the keys and you know look at the analytics of the API's request chat with the API providers if they have some concerns etc and because this is all related to you know controlling the aspects of API management and and the the whole concept of API management we call it the control plan so the API gateway and the API gateway is the data plane the API manager which contains the admin portal developer portal is the control plane so that that's one component that we'll be using in the demo today and the other component is you know red hat service interconnect so red hat service interconnect is again a very important aspect and actually what enables locationless API management rate it is a layer seven you know interesting connectivity tool that red hat provides basically if if you want if you want to connect to services that are deployed across platforms to a service if you want to connect services that are deployed across two different environments without creating VPNs and without using IP addresses service interconnect is your answer because it uses layer seven addressing it instead of routing IP packets between network endpoints it uses the service names or application addresses to route the messages between the routers that it installs in those different environments and the interaction between these routers is you know it's it's it's mutual TLS encrypted so it is super secure and you know it's and the access to the granularity of individual services and endpoints is what you know it really shines there because you know you want to connect two services and not two you know say for example not two Kubernetes clusters or not a VM and a cluster you only want to connect the services within those environments and that is what red hat service interconnect helps you achieve with the layer seven interesting and you know it helps you go granular to the individual service endpoints and there is no implicit trust granted based on physical or network location what I mean by that is you know if two things are in the same network there is no implicit trust you have to using red hat service interconnect you have to explicitly give permission for one service to access the other service you know by by you know exchanging certificates and establishing the connection and it is agnostic of the environments IP versions and that's why it enables the portability of your applications so red hat service interconnect and three scale is what we'll be seeing in our demo today and now let's jump into the demo part I'll be not I'll not be looking at the camera for some time because I'll be looking at my screen where I'll be doing the demo so if I again if there is something that you can't see or if you can't listen just spin me and I should be able to do that all right so currently here's the situation right so we have three different environments where we'll deploy you know a corkis api a node js api and so the corkis api will be an open shift on azure or on azure in our case in this demo and the node js api will be on a rel virtual machine and I've deployed three scale api management on open shift on aws so all these environments are not connected and now what we do is the the apis that you see here the corkis api and the node js api that are deployed in different environments three scale will be able to discover them and manage them without any public exposure for these apis using local open shifts and let's see how to achieve that so if you before that I'd like to show something right if you so what happens is if if your api if you recollect what we've spoken about in the challenges section one aspect is if your api and your gateway are deployed the simple solution is you know your api and your api your api gateway and your apis being deployed in the same environment so with three scale what happens is if you if the api is deployed in the same cluster as three scale you can three scale automatically discovers the api so for example so for example I have a I have a payment processor api here that is deployed on the same cluster as three scale as you can see I've deployed three scale in the same cluster here and I've deployed the the payment processor in the same cluster again and if you see three scale with some certain permissions is able to you know discover that api within automatically because you know it's deployed in the same open shift platform now obviously we've given some explicit permissions for three scale to discover that and three scale is able to do that but that's that's not what we want right we want our apis to be in different different environments not in the same cluster as three scale and three scale in spite of doing that with locationless api management three scale should be able to discover your apis irrespective of wherever they are and let's see how how we would achieve that so again I what what I'll try to do is I'll try to you know copy paste some of the commands because again you know with the demos with the sping single spelling errors anything can go wrong so what I'll do first here is you know first let's try and the green color one as you can see here the green color one is my aws cluster blue is azure where I've installed open shift and the orange color terminal is for the relvm where we'll deploy our Node.js app so first let's deploy first let's deploy the quarkus app on our azure cluster so let's see that I'm going to the quark the quarkus app is basically it will this this will create an api which will list which will show you a list of fruits here as you can see it's a little bit blurred but it'll show you a list of fruits that's our quarkus api I've created simple apis so that you know you understand you can see the difference between the the apis that are deployed in different environments so the apis deployed in the azure environment will show display a list of fruits and their description and let's also install a Node.js api in our rel machine as you can see the orange terminal is our rel machine and if you're wondering what these terminals are again I've logged all the Node.js app here again I'm deploying it as a container using podman here but but you can also deploy natively on open on on rel that red hat service interconnect doesn't uh doesn't matter for red hat service interconnect to create the connectivity if it's a container or not so uh let's let's give you a few seconds for apis to get deployed there you go so let me just open up another here let me just open up another window for our rel machine all right me all right me just create another tab because you know the server is running here I want to run certain commands on it and uh let's try to run that and I'll try to log into my rel machine again I'm going to SSH into my rel machine just give me a second there you go I'm going to blow up the screen a little bit again and let's also add the color to it so that we yes so our apis are running and in the rel environment we have our api running and open shift let me try to minimize this a bit so that it's visible here yes I think sorry about the the minor glitch but I hope everything's sorted out all right so we have our api running in rel and we have our api running in the azure environment let me just clear this up so that this goes to the top of it and let's try to see if our apis are running so let me go to the azure cluster here this is our azure cluster which is running our caucus api so it currently has a public route which I'm going to delete so as you can see the caucus api here displays a list of routes so what I am going to do now is I'm going to go to the public route and say delete route so that our api is not exposed to the internet at all because that was a premise and then you see we've removed the access so this so our api is currently only visible to services within this cluster and nothing outside so what I'll what I'll do now is and then let's also double check our you know rel our nodejs api deployed in rel if it's working right let's go ahead and do that and as you can see you can see a list of books authors I mean I've just given sample names here but book one book three book two book three and ids of the books so as you can see here both our apis are working so now what we'll do is we'll create a layer seven network between these environments and and try to try to discover these apis in threescape so first in the I'll initialize my scupper router in the aws environment and I'll just wait for it to run now we've initialized red hat service interconnect router there scupper is the open source name and the command line uses uses that and let's create a token that we use to establish the connection here give it a second while it creates the token the token is written and now let's initialize the router in the azure environment the scupper in it will initialize routers in both the environments that will create the connectivity between this the layer seven connectivity between both these environments so initializing the router in the azure environment and if you see here the token that I created if you want to have a look it has the details about the connections and what not that we use so I just wanted you guys to have a look at the token can't go into detail about it so let's create the link now using that token so you can because I've logged in to both the clusters using the same machine and the token is in the same terminal but if you're typically you'll you'll want to transfer the token from one environment to the other and the token transfer is you know the token is the most important part for your connectivity so scupper link creates I'm trying I'm creating the link using the token now from the azure cluster and it's a site configured link to this and then I'm going to expose like like I like like we discussed earlier red hat service interconnect will expose the services explicitly you have to explicitly say red hat service interconnect to expose the services you know red hat service interconnect to expose the services otherwise you know even if the connection is created the service the service won't be exposed over the network so I'm going to expose the services right so now we've exposed the services and let's also create the connection between the aws cluster and our rail machine because that's where our other api resides right so let's go and create that token first again because we already initialize the router we don't need to do it again so let's go ahead and create the token there wait for it to create the token the token is written and let's go check if the token is created good and let's initialize the router in our rel vm okay I know what's just like I mentioned there the demo guards are not with us I guess so let me just let me just do a simple configuration here export scuppers page platform part man and now it should work it's we have to basically tell scuppers should it is it connecting to a kubernetes cluster or is it apartment based router right so I have done that and just waiting for it to initialize cool now that we have the router initialize let's go ahead and create our secret token here let's go ahead and create a file for the token again I'm transferring the token from the aws cluster to the rel vm here I'm copying the token I'm going to paste the token here save the token and now let's create the link and once you've created the link remember we have to explicitly say red hat service interconnect to expose this over the network so that tree scale can discover it I've created this copper exposed command and then we have to create a corresponding virtual service in aws for it to discover right so so what we have done here is I want to show it to you through the pictures so we had three different environments and then we created a layer 7 network connectivity using the three different environments here connected the quad case api node jc api and to the open shift cluster on three scale api management and then when you expose the services it creates virtual services on the open shift cluster where three scale is deployed these are not the actual services but virtual services that you know route back to the actual apis deployed in you know our rel vm and you know our azure cloud and then once you do that if you label the services if you label a service and and give this as true three scale should be able to discover which we will do right now right so let's go ahead and you know label our services I have again have a bunch of commands that will label it first I'm going to label the quarkus api again labeling and annotations are super useful especially if you are you want to you know do it as a part of your github's process right because you know if you want to expose an api directly labeling the api should should help you out so with that I think we are set let's go ahead and check in three scale if you are able to discover our api and as you see in the apis project now you have a payment processor api which was already there on the same cluster but you have a node jace api quarkus api that that are already deployed so let's go ahead and create the node jace api and see if it works and let's go ahead and create the quarkus api and see if that works too so the node jace api that we have here if you see the back end of the api here back end is upstream url it is a local open shift address and not a public address and let's go ahead and create an application plan which is like the plan for your for api consumers to access your apis and let's create an api consumer who will be allocated a key and then let's try to make a call to the api and see if it works create application and let's go to our node jace api integration configuration and then let's see if it's we're able to call it through our gateway now and I think the end point is books right there you go so now we are able to access an api that is deployed outside the the open shift cluster without exposing it publicly and without creating complex vpms through the gateway and our three scale api management platform was able to auto discover these apis and the same case for quarkus api I don't want to repeat the the whole thing but it's going to be the same case for quarkus api I was planning to show a load balancing use case but I am not sure about the time do we have enough time Greg to show one more use case here yes okay okay two minutes okay so yeah I'll I'll I'll go ahead and show one more use case and then close off with a couple of slides right so so another aspect of location less api management using three scale instance you know it's it's not just uh you know discoverability of your apis like I showed here and you go import from open shift you can you know auto discover your apis irrespective of where they are deployed it will also create high away you can also create high availability of your apis using the service interconnect network uh using the service interconnect network and and you can use the same service address so you can we'll do this by creating the direct connection between our aws cluster let's create a token here and I'm just going to run commands quickly here so that you know and I'm going to install the you know the the books api in my azure cluster now all right there's some there's some error that is that that is happening here but I think that's since the token is already created I think I can I can go ahead and expose the service and if I kill if I kill my container on rel my api should still be working that's that is that is the whole concept of this yeah here it is so my api should still be working see I've killed the container in rel deployed it on azure and didn't make any other changes I just added the same application address to it and and everything started the whole high availability and load balancing scenario worked as expected so uh that's that's what I wanted to cover and from a security standpoint I covered these aspects already you know all the connections are secured by mutual tls you know and each network is compartmentalized you can you can only expose the services that you can only expose the services that are that you want to and all the services that are part of the namespace are not by default exposed over the network you can avoid certain security pitfalls and complexities arriving from l3 networking complexity and if you don't need this network at some point all you need to do is run a scupper delete command and the whole network is stored down and that's that makes it so ephemeral that you know if you're if you're deprecating an api you can you can you know easily tail down that network and some of the use cases and applications are you know of locationless api management as one thing is mergers and acquisitions when company a acquires company b they have to have and they want to use a single api management platform but both these companies have apis deployed across different environments that's that's when locationless api management is super useful for cost reduction if you want to optimize cost by strategically deploying apis in regions with lower infrastructure costs without the restrictions that your api management vendor you know provides you with you can locationless api management again is super helpful again if you have legacy apis that that are immovable but you know you can't deploy your api management platform in the same environment as your legacy apis you can really use locationless api management so that brings me to the end of the session i think we have few minutes for questions in the meantime these are a couple of learning resources if you're interested in that ad service interconnect you can scan the qr code and and take you to some learning parts that you can you can try out thank you so much vansi i don't see any questions if you want to leave that screen up just for another maybe 30 seconds so the audience can pull out their phones and pull up their cameras and do their thing with the qr code there's some great resources there i would encourage you to you know take a minute to open a couple browsers and refer back to them later and if you have any questions you can reach out to us we will be sharing the recordings of these sessions here in the next couple weeks there's a lot of sessions so we've got to kind of organize it and we'll we'll get a get a link out and as i said in the beginning there will be a link that will be uh or these will be posted up in our developers youtube channel in the next couple of weeks so have a great rest of your day and look forward to the next session we're not done with the day so hang tight and we will be back shortly with the next session thanks great thank you everyone thank you vansi


You're watching FJTN, the Federal Judicial Television Network. Orientation Seminar for Federal Judicial Law Clerks. Welcome to the Federal Judicial System with the Honorable Fern M. Smith, Director of the Federal Judicial Center. Judge Smith was appointed as a United States District Judge for the Northern District of California in 1988. She served from 1997 until 1999 as Chair of the Judicial Conference Advisory Committee on the Rules of Evidence, and in that capacity worked with the Conference's Standing Committee on the Rules of Practice and Procedure. In 1999, the Chief Justice and the Board of the Federal Judicial Center selected her to be the Center's eighth director. Hello, and welcome to the Federal Judicial Center's Television Orientation Seminar for Judicial Law Clerks. First, congratulations. A judicial clerkship is a professionally enriching and personally rewarding experience. You will be an active participant in the Administration of Justice. I know that at this point in your new career, your main interest is in learning and understanding your responsibilities. This two-part television orientation seminar will help you get started. In this first hour, I'll begin with a brief discussion about two agencies that will be of service to you. I'll also describe resources available to you from the Federal Judicial Center that will teach you more about the court system and help you do your job. Most of this hour is devoted to ethics. Serving as a law clerk is a privilege that carries with it professional, ethical, and legal obligations. The Center produced this program in cooperation with the Judicial Conference Committee on Codes of Conduct to introduce you to the code and to other authorities that govern a law clerk's conduct. We'll discuss a number of ethical issues that you should be sensitive to at the outset of your service. In part two, we'll broadcast a workshop on writing and editing. The writing workshop will help you achieve clarity and economy in legal writing and thereby serve your judge better. We hope these orientation broadcasts will complement the orientation you will receive in your court. These programs do not provide detailed procedures on every aspect of a law clerk's daily tasks. You should become familiar with your court's rules and operating procedures with the various parts of the court and the people who work in each part. Always keep in mind as well your own judge's practices, preferences, and expectations. Two agencies within the judicial system will be of service to you during your clerkship. The administrative office of the U.S. courts, usually known as the AO, administers the court system. The AO is managed by a director who's appointed by the Chief Justice. The AO administers the federal court's budget. It is responsible for space, facilities, and personnel matters. It collects and publishes extensive statistics on all aspects of the judiciary's activities. It supports the judiciary's automation programs and its libraries. It also publishes the guide to judiciary policies and procedures, sometimes called the red book, which provides detailed information on personnel, administrative, and financial matters. This is but the briefest outline of the AO's activities. The annual report of the director further describes the work of the AO, and it will show you the various ways that agency can be helpful to you. The Federal Judicial Center is the federal court's agency for continuing education as well as research on judicial administration. The center provides orientation programs like this one, as well as numerous seminars, workshops, and other educational programs on a wide range of substantive and managerial topics. Center programs are developed to serve the needs of judges and their staffs and to train those who work in the several offices that support the courts. Several center publications and media programs can help you during your clerkship. Most of the publications I will mention should already be in your chambers. If not, call our information services office, and we will send them to you promptly. If you've not already done so, you should read the chamber's handbook for judges, law clerks, and secretaries. It provides an overview of chamber's operations and the work of the federal courts. It also contains a basic description of the civil, criminal, bankruptcy, and appellate litigation processes, as well as a helpful analysis of legal research and writing techniques. Another center publication that will help your legal writing is the Judicial Writing Manual. This concise manual will encourage you to think critically about writing, not only about what to include and what to exclude, but also about how to write well. A wide variety of other center publications for district and magistrate judges are listed in your outline. All of these publications should be in district and magistrate judges' chambers libraries. Many of them will be in the chambers of appellate and bankruptcy judges as well. If not, ask us and we will send them to you. Clerks to appellate judges should read a primer on the jurisdiction of the U.S. courts of appeals. Bankruptcy judges' law clerks will find helpful the case management manual for U.S. bankruptcy judges. The center also has a collection of monographs on substantive and procedural topics that can give you valuable research assistance. In addition to print materials, the center has an extensive library of audio and videotapes, which are available to you. These are listed in our catalog of audio, visual, media productions and are available to you for the asking. If there's anything you need and we can provide, just ask us. I end as I began by welcoming you to this orientation seminar and to the federal judicial system. You've been given a unique opportunity to do your part and to serve our country while advancing your own professional development. I know you will find it challenging and rewarding. I wish you well. Ethics for Law Clerks. An Introduction. Hello. I'm delighted to welcome you to spend a little time considering the very important subject of ethics. The Judicial Conference Committee on the Codes of Conduct was very pleased to work with the Federal Judicial Center on this program and we hope it will be of use to you. To succeed as a law clerk requires more than just being a bright and skilled lawyer. It also demands that you have a clear sense of the ethical principles that govern your conduct in your very important position. In this field, you cannot simply rely on your instincts. Not all the rules are that self-evident. To avoid embarrassment to yourself and potentially to your judge, it's important that you educate yourself in this area. This program is not designed to give you all the answers, but rather to alert you to some issues that are likely to arise, to help focus on this subject and to stimulate dialogue between judges and their law clerks. You'll need to familiarize yourself with the Code of Conduct for Judicial Employees and the other references cited in this program. This video presentation and these materials cannot anticipate every situation that may arise. If you have an issue that you believe is not clearly answered by reference to the code or other materials discussed in the presentation, please feel free to contact the Codes of Conduct Committee for advice. Of course, you'll also need to learn your own judges' preferences. Every chambers is different, and something that is permitted under the code may be prohibited in your judges' chambers. To those judges who are watching this program with your law clerks, I encourage you to fill in the blanks. Talk with your law clerks after the program about what's particularly important to you. And to the law clerks, I encourage you to ask questions without hesitation. Ask them today. Ask again as you've had more time to consider these matters. And yet again when the issues arise, as surely they will. As a new law clerk, you have a lot to learn in a very short time. I've moved to a new city and I was the latest clerk starting. So I had a bench memo do the day after I started and I had no idea what I was doing or what I was supposed to do or what a bench memo was. I had never seen anything like the number of cases on my judges' docket and I couldn't get my computer to work. And how the courtroom procedure worked was all new to me. How I might help the judge in the courtroom or out of the courtroom. Everything was new. With so many questions that need immediate answers competing for your attention, it may be tempting to put ethics on hold to worry about that subject when you run into an ethical dilemma. The problem with that approach is you may not recognize the ethical dilemma until it's too late. What do you need to know to prepare yourself? Well, to start, how about what are the areas where ethical issues most often arise for law clerks? The Codes of Conduct Committee has identified several. They are maintaining the confidentiality of the judicial decision-making process, conflicts of interest, restrictions on outside activities of various sorts, legal, political, professional, social, and community, restrictions on receipt of gifts in honoraria, and dealing with prospective employers. In this program, we'll explore these areas. For each, we'll first take a quick look at any authority. Usually starting with a canon from the Code of Conduct for Judicial Employees. When they're relevant, we'll also refer you to advisory opinions from the Codes of Conduct Committee and the Ethics Reform Act gift and outside employment regulations. Remember, though, that we're paraphrasing and summarizing. For the full text, read the authority. The code is included in your materials for this program, as is the selection of items referring to law clerks from the Compendium of Selected Opinions from the Committee. You can also find the code at the back of the center's Chamber's Handbook for Judges, Law, Clerks, and Secretaries. And all of these references can be found in Volume 2 of the Guide to Judiciary Policies and Procedures. How an ethical issue looks on the page of the code may be very different from how it feels when it lands on your lap. So to help you recognize situations in which ethical issues may arise, we'll also present descriptions of some of the ways in which other law clerks have confronted these issues. We'll hear some of these as recollections from the law clerks who were involved and others as recreations of events that have been described to us or to the Committee. Canon 3D states that you should avoid making public comment on the merits of appending or impending action should never disclose any confidential information received in the course of official duties, except as required in the performance of such duties, and should never employ such information for personal gain. Many courts have local rules on the subject as well. People tend to think about the dramatic situations, someone skulking through the chambers at night making copies of files. My brother-in-law kept turning the conversation around to this huge class action I was working on. He was asking some pretty specific questions, looking for me to predict how things were going to go.  And then he started asking about the case again. I was just, duh, and it finally dawned on me. He wanted me to tell him things so he could invest. And I was so stunned that I just blurted out something like, I can't tell you that. That probably won't happen to you. Although it could. But something less dramatic in a grayer area almost certainly will. Most law clerks have to refuse to disclose something to someone at some time. Your position will give you access to confidential information that many others will want for a variety of reasons. Lawyers want to know how their cases are going, and they want an insider's view of how they can improve their client's prospects. If an attorney calls and starts asking right away how my judge feels about something, that's a real tip-off. Generally, my standard response is, I am not liberty to discuss a case with counsel over the phone. If there's something you would like to convey to the judge, you're welcome to come to Informal Matters and discuss it with them personally. I think a lot of the times the attorney who's calling doesn't realize that what they're doing has placed the law clerk in an ethical dilemma. And that's why I think it's important for the law clerk to be able to recognize the situation and put a halt to it. Lawyers will call up and give their arguments to the law clerk to try to lead you into a discussion of the merits. They want to get a sense of whether they're on the right track, whether you think the judge will be receptive to their strategy. You just have to say something like, if all those points are in your reply, the judge will read it and consider them. It can be more difficult if the voice on the phone is familiar. I will give phone calls from people who are associates of my husband or who know my husband and say, start off with a nice, lovely social conversation and then say, by the way, we have a case before your judge. We filed a summary judgment motion a couple weeks ago. Do you have any idea how the judge might rule on it? Particularly in a court that I came from, which is a very small town in Northeastern Pennsylvania, it was sometimes difficult. You saw these people out on the street. You knew them from past acquaintances. But it was a situation where the professionalism had to play a part, where they knew that they were calling you not as a friend but as a member of the court family. I think if somebody calls you that you knew in law school but that you just said hello to every once in a while and just had maybe chatted with once or twice during your three years of law school, and all of a sudden they call up and are very friendly. For me, bells and whistles go off. I'd like to think that I'm not a paranoid person, but I immediately think to myself, why? Why is this person calling me out of the blue? I think it sneaks up on you when a good friend or somebody that you hang out with socially outside the courthouse calls you up and engages you in regular social conversation like a million conversations you've ever had. And then it starts to take a turn to, oh, by the way, so and so in my firm asked me if you might know something about this case that he has before your judge. Sometimes there's a fine line between procedural information that it may be part of your job to give and more substantive advice that's of value because of what you know. A litigant would call or an attorney for a party would call wanting to know when a decision was going to be issued. And while that obviously is not a question about the merits of a case, it still seems to go to matters that are not properly discussed with the parties in advance of a decision being issued by the court. A disclosure that seems quite harmless can backfire. I do know of a situation where it was an innocent enough new law clerk did tell the attorney how the judge was ruling because the order had been written and the law clerk had no reason not to think that the order was going out that day or the next day. It just so happened for whatever reason the order was changed. And as you might imagine, the attorney once he or she got the order was convinced it was a mistake and of course called and no, it wasn't a mistake and it put that law clerk in an awful position. You may be involved in cases of interest to the press. Reporters may think that you have information that can make their stories more detailed, more accurate, more compelling. In the past, I've had reporters call me up both here in the courthouse and my office. I've even had reporters call me at home and start asking me about the case, substantive questions about the case. I'm probably a little more direct with the media than I am if an attorney is calling and I'm probably a little more direct if they've called me at home. We had a death penalty case and reporters kept calling to confirm facts that they had heard elsewhere. Like, did the judge call the prison to try to speak with the prisoner? It was tempting to go ahead and confirm really simple things or if it was totally false, you'd just want to say, where did you get that? But those kinds of facts can be important to appeals and the way you remember it happening may not even be right. The law clerk is an employee of the judge and only the judge should speak for the judge. The law clerk may think, well, since it's just on background, what's the harm? But there's always the possibility of being quoted when speaking to a reporter and it's something that may not reflect favorably upon the chambers even if what the law clerk has to say is actually entirely true since someone else is speaking for the judge. One reporter who always covered the courts who would come down that day with the judge's opinion for what was issued that day and he would ask for us to highlight what would be good. What's good in this opinion? You didn't want to read it, I guess. And that was always difficult. I said, well, you know, I think you could just read the summary and that'll tell you really where the judge was going and if you look at the back page, that'll tell you. I actually had a reporter from one of the local newspapers over there, I guess, figure out that since I was in the courtroom every day, all day long, next to the judge and every time he left the bench, I followed him out that I had a connection to the judge. I actually had this reporter follow me out of the courtroom down the hallway yelling at me, you know, can I talk to you? You seem to work with the judge. I have a few questions about the case. And I was astounded that somebody was just yelling this at me down the hallway and I turned around and I simply stated, I do not talk to the media if you have questions about the case you need to talk to the judge. And I turned and walked off. Your friends and family want to know what you do all day. Usually you can give them a pretty clear picture of the life of a law clerk without talking about specifics. The irony is that when family or friends asked about the court they would ask more about what you do each day and you can talk about those things. When they got into specific cases, if they read in the newspaper that a certain judge had a case, they would possibly talk about, oh, what about that case? And usually I always had a very trusted ant who would say, he can't talk about those things. But every once in a while you'd have to say, oh, well, either plead ignorance and say, I don't know anything about it. That's a sign to the other law clerk and the judge is working with him or her on that one very closely. I can't even recall really ever telling my husband about a case and telling him who the parties were. I may speak of, oh, we have a case involving a doctor and a patient from Illinois. I may speak of, oh, yeah, we have a really interesting bankruptcy case concerning this company that manufactured whatever. I try to keep it to generalities. I think law clerks whose spouses are attorneys can't help but speak about law over the dinner table. But I try not to mention any names. Sometimes it can be tempting when you happen to know the latest scoop on what people have read in the papers. I was out with some old friends from high school. It's funny. Most places I feel like my job commands some respect, but with them it just didn't click. It's so foreign to them they didn't even know they were supposed to be impressed. But they do watch TV and so the conversation turned to the media star of the latest DC scandal, which happens to be a case before my judge. I was surprised at how much I wanted to say, oh, when she was in our chambers yesterday for the pretrial conference, she said. But of course there are very good reasons to resist. In order to do our job, we need to know the judge's thinking also. You know, we need to be fully aware of where he's coming from because it's very hard to work on an opinion when you're not really, you need to know what the judge's reasoning is. And so the judge needs to have a very trusting relationship with his clerks. And he needs to feel that whatever he says is confidential and won't leave the chambers. It's almost like thinking out loud. We're really there to help him think. And then there are your fellow law clerks. Sometimes it may seem like they're the only people you can talk to freely. But even there, lines exist that shouldn't be crossed. No discussion of any cases whatsoever outside of the chambers. If you're out with your fellow law clerks even, you think it's okay because you see them every day in the chambers. But when you're having a beer at the end of the day and you start talking about a case, bad, bad policy. Someone can overhear something. You might have a slip of the tongue concerning what you think of a brief or what you think of the abilities of a particular counsel on it. Always to be excluded. Always everything that had to be, anything to do with any case law should be done within the chambers and no place else. If you're an appellate law clerk, you'll have an extra set of issues to think about. I was researching an area I wasn't familiar with. I knew that Judge X's law clerk knew it better. I wanted to ask for some guidance, but I wondered if I told him enough to make it clear exactly what I was trying to sort out, it would be pretty clear how my judge was looking at this issue at this particular time. Did it matter? Could I ask it in such a way that he wouldn't know? Should I ask my judge if I could ask? I'd ended up just doing the research myself. Canon 3F1 tells you to avoid conflicts of interest. Defined as a rising when you know that you, or your spouse or other close relative, might be so personally or financially affected by a matter that a reasonable person would question your ability to perform official duties impartially. That section applies to all judicial employees. Canon 3F2 adds additional restrictions to law clerks. You should not perform official duties where you have personal bias or prejudice concerning a party or personal knowledge of disputed, evidentiary facts. You or a lawyer with whom you have practiced has served as a lawyer in the matter. You have a financial interest in the subject matter of a case or in a party, or you or someone you're closely related to is a party, lawyer, or witness, or has an interest that could be affected by the outcome. Some conflicts are predictable. You may know now some things you'll need to watch for. I worked in a local law firm, a fairly large firm, for almost three years practicing civil litigation before I began my clerkship. So many of the attorneys with whom I had worked regularly appeared in the court and before the judge. So it was a limited part of the judge's docket that they might appear on. And my usual role in that kind of work was to prepare bench memos for the judge when I would pick up a motion and identify that it was someone I knew or had worked with. At the very beginning I would say to the judge, you know, Mr. So-and-so, I worked with him and I might just not prepare a bench memo on that matter. I've had instances where the corporate entity my husband works for was a party to a case. We've had occasion, I can only think of twice in the past couple of years, where a lawyer my husband was working with actively on some type of litigation that his company was involved in was representing a party to a case that was not only before Judge Limbaugh but was a case that was assigned to me to work on. And we felt that there was too much, too close of a relationship there and we reassigned the case. At the time of my clerkship my brother-in-law was also practicing law in the local area and although his firm didn't appear too regularly in federal court, I remember on occasion when one of his partners was before my judge and I made sure that the judge knew. Other conflicts may be entirely unexpected. My wife's mother started a trust for our kids and a lot of what went into the trust was one company stock. Well, wouldn't you know? I was working on a case involving not that company but one of their major competitors. If she had just given the kids the stock we would have probably have sold it but the way it happened we couldn't do that without making a big issue with my wife's mother. So we ended up reassigning the case. It required some juggling and I felt kind of silly about it but the judge was understanding. Many years ago when I was young and single, I've actually had on two occasions jurors, male jurors, expressing interest in seeing me socially. I've actually had parties to a case ask me out and that really threw me for a loop. It happened twice with cases that were presently being tried before the judge and that was definite. I can't think of anything more improper for a law clerk to date the plaintiff or defendant in a case that's been tried before your judge. You flattered but I was sort of taken back by it. My immediate thing was, no, I'm sorry, I simply cannot engage in any type of social relationship with anybody who's involved in a case actively being tried. I immediately went and told the judge only because I thought it was important that he should know it. When I was a junior law clerk, the first civil case that was given to me was also the first week that I came to work for the judge. The weekend before I came on I was at a wedding with a number of friends and we had a wonderful time. Everyone was dancing, very good time. Monday morning I walk in, the judge gives me the first civil case and says I want you to just participate in this settlement conference or really just watch the settlement conference and see how settlement conferences is conducted. I looked down at the paper and realized that one of the dance partners that weekend was one of the litigants concerning a personal injury case and it would have reflected on their ability to at least dance in this case and it really needed, I felt very uncomfortable after I recognized the name and saw that there might be a possible problem. So the first thing that I did was to sit down with the judge and identify the fact that I knew this person. I did not go into the context of how I knew them or what their abilities were physically or how it would even play upon the case but just that I recognized this individual and I felt uncomfortable about the situation. Keeping the judge informed is crucial. You see the witness list and there's a name on it that's your next door neighbor or the parent of your child's classmate or whatever. I think it's important you let the judge know. It may mean nothing. It may have no bearing whatsoever but that's up to the judge to decide. Canon 4D generally prohibits you from practicing law but it does permit pro se action, routine work on your own and family matters and pro bono services on civil matters. Certain restrictions apply. Such legal work can't present an appearance of impropriety. It can't take place in your workplace or interfere with your responsibility as a law clerk and it can't be compensated. There are also restrictions and appearances in court that vary according to the type of legal work. I had worked at a law firm before I started clerking and had spent most of two years working on a piece of litigation where our client lost the case. The partner called me up in chambers to ask if they could keep me on retainer to help with the appeal. It was one of those situations where I was thinking, did I hear that right? Did you really ask that? I was allowed to represent myself on a traffic ticket which of course I never would have hired somebody to do. It was quite a change of scene to go to traffic court. I volunteered at an AIDS clinic. Part of what I did was help the clients get their social security benefits. I was able to continue that work during the clerkship. I just had to let the clinic director know that if a court appearance was needed, they'd have to get someone else. Canon 5 prohibits both partisan and nonpartisan political activity. Not just running for office yourself, but also public endorsement or opposition of political candidates and contributions to political organizations, candidates and events. And see advisory opinion 92.  I still have some pretty strong beliefs. But when you're clicking, you're not allowed to give money to any political causes and you're certainly not allowed to go to any political events. You're not allowed to fundraise.  At first I found that a little bit... I didn't find that really intuitive. What's the problem with just giving money to a cause that I believe in? What's the harm in that? But I guess you have to think of yourself as a representative of the judge and you have to think about what would it look like to the public if the judge were giving money to this political cause. So we avoided it in many respects and it became actually a benefit in a small town because everybody and their brother might be running for an office and we would be solicited for money. We would say, gee, I'd love to contribute but I really can't because I'm a law clerk and it really wouldn't be appropriate. My husband contributes regularly to some campaigns here in St. Louis. It just so happened that a good friend of his that he had been in private practice with who's a lawyer is seeking reelection to a political office here in St. Louis and I wanted to make sure to judge that was okay for my husband to make a contribution and I ran that by the judge and the judge asked me a couple questions and based upon those questions we decided that was okay for my husband to make the contribution out of his checking account which does not have my name on the check. Most law clerks will be law clerks for only a year or two and most feel that complete abstinence from politics for that period of time is an acceptable sacrifice but sometimes personal circumstances like the identity of a candidate can make it more difficult. My wife was running for city council and part of her platform was being sensitive to the concerns of families so she didn't have much patience with me telling her I couldn't appear in a family photo that would go on her poster. It turned out that I could appear I just couldn't be identified as a law clerk and I had to stay away from the meeting she had at our house. The need to avoid even the appearance of impropriety may lead judges to forbid actions that at first glance hardly seem to rise to the level of political activity. It was easy to say okay I won't run for office I won't carry signs for a candidate or even give money but I'm just politically minded I think a lot of people who become law clerks tend to be so I had to be very careful even of what I said. One day I was in our work area in Chambers and I said to my co-clerk how can the mayor be such a cold-hearted idiot? It was a spontaneous outburst but the judge who was in the secretaries area overheard and she reminded me that someone else could have been there too. She suggested that I curb future outbursts. I remember one day we went out to lunch and one of the local candidates because the courthouses in the downtown area was out there handing out I think it was sponges and it said Joe Smith running for mayor I'll clean up Scranton Pennsylvania and it was on a sponge and we jokingly handed this and we would take it up and we had it in our hands as we walked in with our lunch that day and we put them down on the table and the judge came out of his chambers and looked down and saw these sponges and said guys that's very nice but you got to get rid of them you just throw them in the waste paper basket no political signs, nothing even as harmless as a sponge can really should be in the chambers so we understood ate our lunch and cleaned up the table with the sponge and threw it away so we always stay away from the political process. Canon 4a states that your outside activities should not interfere with the performance of your official duties or adversely reflect on the operation and dignity of the court subject to those standards and other provisions of the code you may engage in a wide range of activities charitable, religious, professional social and so forth and may speak, write, lecture and teach if the proposed activity concerns the law or the legal system, consult first with your judge. During the second year of my clerkship I was allowed to work as a legal writing instructor at Temple University and before I took that position I discussed it with Judge O'Neill and what guidelines he set out for me were that as long as that position would not interfere with my doing my work at the court and if I did it on my own time then it was acceptable. It's a good idea to keep your judge informed of your non-law related activities as well even if you know of nothing that will take the activity off the approved list. My friend who worked for the U.S. Attorney's Office had a holiday party, a perfectly respectable event but when I asked the judge about it he said he had just been assigned a case from them so he said maybe next year. Through casual conversation this weekend I'm going to help them out with the race for the cure and he would have any hesitation concerning that and would actually think it was a good thing that you were getting involved in the community but it was really more anything that had to do with litigation whether a particular sponsor or what have you is before the judge you'd always make sure that that was all right. During the clerkship I did some freelance writing for a news publication I wrote a story about Camden I even wrote a story about Philadelphia which is where I was working and I also wrote a story about Court TV which during the time of my clerkship was in its inception before I did any assignment from that magazine I discussed that with Judge O'Neill because of the nature of the work and the subjects that I was going to write about I would discuss with him in advance what those subjects were just to let him know who I might be talking to and what I might be writing about so that there would not be the possibility of improper communication with someone who would be was a party in a matter before the judge or writing about a matter that was say pending before either Judge O'Neill or Judge O'Neill in the court and sometimes you won't even need to ask during the time that I was a law clerk I began baking cakes first just for nieces and nephews birthday parties things like that and it was starting to be a real hobby and something that I would sort of toyed with the idea of whether there could be a business in that but friends of mine of course knew that I was doing that and one day I got a phone call from one of the office managers at my former law firm and she reminded me that the firm had monthly birthday parties and said I hear that you're baking cakes we'll buy our monthly birthday cake from you instead of a bakery and and then without going to the judge I had to say no I guess I'd better not have a business relationship even revolving around cakes or anything like that with the law firm so I didn't do it before I went to law school I was an actress and even while I was in school in New York I did a whole lot of plays not a whole lot but I did a number of them and one of them was a very kind of controversial piece with nudity and homoeroticism and drug use and all sorts of things none of them by my character but they were in the piece and the director and the producer who had done it in New York was from the city where I was clerking and she wanted to do the play again while I was there and she wanted to do it while I was clerking and I just felt that that wasn't appropriate I didn't even need to consult with anyone there's no harm in doing a play and there's no prohibition against artistic activities or anything like that but you're supposed to, anything you do do is not supposed to detract from the dignity of the judiciary and I just sort of felt that any play that was this controversial maybe was safest to stay away from I was a member of a local volunteer organization in the community where the court was and my assignment in that organization at one point was to solicit ads and donations for a booklet that was being put together for a holiday event and I said no to that without going to the judge and explained to the other volunteers that I couldn't solicit funds and I certainly couldn't make the calls from chambers in any event so I stayed away from that but I continued to be a member in that organization and just did different types of activities with them you need to be particularly sensitive to political overtones in charitable or community organizations and activities the trouble is that a lot of things bleed over into political activities and a lot of law related activities or associations will have political positions and they might even lobby the state for those positions you know there are religious organizations that have strong political beliefs what if you want to be in a bar association that lobbies the state for gay and lesbian rights or for if you want to be in a religious organization that lobbies on issues like abortion or right to die or something like that these are all political issues so you have to you can't just sort of rely on the label well this is a charitable organization so it's okay or this is a bar association organization so I'm fine you have to sort of look into what the organization does Canon 4C2 says you should not solicit or accept a gift from anyone seeking official action from or doing business with the court the restriction also applies to your family the gift regulations under the ethics reform act make the prohibition even broader prohibiting giving, solicitation and recede of gifts that are not subject to any of the enumerated exceptions and the regulations on outside earned income and employment prohibit honoraria for purposes of this introduction we'll confine ourselves to a couple of examples but we recommend that you read the regulations my old high school english teacher called and invited me to come make a speech on career day they offered me a hundred dollars I couldn't accept the money but I told her I'd be happy to do it anyway a very nice couple who were pro se debtors wanted to take me to lunch after their plan was confirmed I hadn't really done anything for them that they needed to thank me for and the case was over I think they really wanted to just disconnect from the court in a friendly way but I had to say sorry I couldn't go this lawyer sent us a huge box of candy for Christmas it was really strange he was a fairly new lawyer and I guess he thought it was perfectly okay but we just sent it back immediately canon 4c4 permits you to seek and obtain employment to commence after the completion of your clerkship after consulting with your judge and observing any restrictions imposed by the judge some judges don't permit formal acceptance of employment advisory opinion 74 81 and 83 discuss various aspects of future employment several issues that we've already considered are likely to arise in the context of seeking and accepting employment first, maintaining confidentiality may be a particular challenge when you're interviewing interviewers would ask how much do you write of the judge's opinions and it wasn't just idle chit chat my writing ability was crucial my ability to manage a workload was crucial I wanted a job and it was tempting to think if it were really so bad to disclose this the interviewer would know better than to ask but it was bad and I didn't disclose it but I needed a writing sample and I'd done so much writing during my clerkship that I really wanted to use something from that but of course you have to worry about the confidentiality of your work product and of the parties and of the cases so I had to go into the judge and find out if there was anything that I could use you know I couldn't just take a bench memo and change the names and send it out I really needed to check with him I ended up using something it was a very short bench memo that was a really a kind of a routine criminal issue and it was so generic that there was nothing not only did I change the parties names to Doe and Smith to make it obvious that it had been changed but it was such a generic issue that there was no identifying fact that could sort of trace it back to these parties there was nothing really unique about it to make it clear that it was involved in this case so I was able to use that but it took some digging and the question of benefits comes up here too is a gift still a gift when it's given to all of the law firms new employees I was interviewing with firms in town who of course had business with the court and of course they wanted to take me to lunch and sometimes even dinner it was a regular part of their interviewing routine and it was alright once I had accepted an offer it was also alright for them to pay for my bar expenses the conflicts of interest rules apply here what happens when the firm handling a case you're working on becomes your future employer I had a co-clerk who had already accepted an offer from a law firm in the city and it was one of the bigger law firms so there were a couple of cases that came before our judge where that law firm represented a party so of course he had to be isolated from those cases which is pretty simple to do you get the briefs you see the law firm's name on the brief and you can isolate the clerk sometimes it can get trickier if that firm is involved in some secondary way they're not representing a party but they have some other interest in the outcome of the litigation or one of the parties is a client and theirs on another matter or maybe they file an amicus brief or something like that so you have to be he that clerk had to be very aware of of his firm and what clients had been with his firm when he had spent a summer there so he just had to keep on top of that near the end of my clerkship there was a conference on a matter with judge O'Neill where he requested that I not sit in on an open court conference where that law firm and several other law firms were attending because he wanted to avoid the appearance that I was possibly giving advice or assisting him even in this capacity of any decisions he was going to be making during the course of the hearing and I of course exceeded to his request and that's a situation where not only was it important for me to not create my employment situation to not create a possible conflict or an actual conflict by working on matters involving this law firm but to avoid the appearance of such a conflict confidentiality issues can continue to arise even after you've left the clerkship and started your new job under canon 3D the restrictions on disclosure of confidential information apply to former as well as current judicial employees I took my files with me when I left what I thought of as my files and I didn't get around to looking through the boxes until a couple of years later at that point I realized that I had taken my drafts of some opinions with pretty extensive handwritten comments by my judge it really seemed like they should have stayed in chambers or in the trash or wherever my judge wanted them so I called her and apologized and told her I was sending them back Lawyers in my firm would stop by to consult on various aspects of cases that were before my judge for a year after the clerkship I wasn't allowed to appear before my judge I think the time period varies from court to court but as soon as it had expired a partner showed up in my office to bring me into a case that the judge was hearing I've just had to find tactful ways to remind people that I can't give them any information that's not public and I certainly can't guarantee them a friendlier hearing of their cases would have been so much worse if I had been a law clerk for the judge we hope this program has helped you prepare for what you may encounter talking with your judge will help you more litigants, lawyers and the American public rely on the integrity of judges judges in turn rely on your integrity and your vigilance and your communication to the judge of your concerns because everything you do as a law clerk will help shape the nation's confidence in its federal judiciary it's truly a unique opportunity thank you for watching I hope you found today's programs informative and helpful the second part of this orientation seminar will consist of a workshop on legal writing and editing with Stephen Armstrong of the law firm of Paul Weiss and Timothy Terrell of law incidentally they have taught many judges perhaps yours I hope you will find this presentation as useful as have the judges before you leave please complete the evaluation form for part one which is included in your written materials near the back then please fax it to us at the number shown on the evaluation form we value your feedback we use your comments to ascertain what you need and how to make our programs most effective for you thank you for helping us