So that the chair is chairing the meeting for now until the chair arrives. Prior to the roll call, I'd like to introduce our new board member. I'd like to introduce Carmen Gonzalez as the newest member of the PFA. On October 3rd, 2023, the Sonoma County Board of Supervisors referred three applicants from their recruitment efforts to the city council for consideration to the joint city council representative for the public financing authority. On November 14th, the city council has selected Carmen Gonzalez to fill the final joint seat on the PFA. Welcome, Carmen. Thank you. Thank you from all of us for your service. Madam clerk, please call the roll. Okay. Board member classes. Board member Gonzalez. Here. Board member Judy. Here. Board member Rabbit. Here. Board member Rogers. Here. Vice chair Petro. Here. Chair Fleming. I'll let the record reflect that all board members are present with the exception of board member Corsi and chair Fleming. Our next item is approval of the minutes of October 19th, 2023. Are there any revisions to those minutes? And if not, is there a motion to adopt it? To adopt. Second. Any discussion? Call the roll please. Board member Gonzalez. Yes. Board member Judy. Yes. Board member Rabbit. Aye. Board member Rogers. Aye. Vice chair Petro. Aye. I jumped over public comments on this. Has anyone joined us electronically? No, just as a reminder, we're no longer taking public comment on Zoom, just in person public. That's right, great. Thank you very much. There is no consent items. And the next item is 4.1, which is a report item. Policy discussion key elements of downtown infrastructure. And that is your item to start, I believe, Gabe. Thank you, vice chair. Bear with me for a moment here while we're at our point. All right, thank you everyone for joining us here today. The main agenda topic for today's meeting is associated with the formation of the IFP. That's the Infrastructure Financing Plan. In last meeting, we set a lot of the foundational elements. Staff was given direction to begin the preparation of the IFP, and that process has started. So our goal today would be to talk about some of the core elements that are associated with an IFP. Most of this is governed at the state level, so we'll touch briefly on some of these that you'll see. We've also actually attached our timeline to the agenda. So you can see from that timeline, we're a bit ahead of schedule. Much of the discussion about potentially giving a staff instruction was going to commence through these months, so we're a bit ahead of that. Our target date for delivery of the draft IFP is January. There are certain constraints regarding noticing that we have to do to move forward with that. So we're still moving forward with that game plan. So the PFA will have the opportunity to review that draft document, the formal draft document in January. So at this point, we're really wanting to continue a general policy discussion. And as I mentioned in the last meeting, please feel free as we go through these items if you have any questions or you want to pause to discuss this vice chair. Please feel free to stop the presentation. We would like to have it be more of an open conversation as those comments come up because we're still receiving that feedback. But specifically, other than the IFP and the components of the IFP, I'll talk briefly about the revenue projections and Alan off all in Archie financial officer. We'll assist with that. We'll also talk more about the project list. We've gotten some good feedback from the last meeting. We're starting to put those projects in categories. And as we start deciding on those categories, we can start working through specific project types, understanding how detailed we want to get with those project types, because part of the IFP does involve putting a timeline and a dollar amount to those projects, which I'll talk about in more detail. So as I mentioned, the IFP is really governed by California state code. It's section 53398.63. And these are really the components that make it up. Any IFP has these items. I won't go into detail of all this is more or less for reference for future discussion. But as you review the document, some of these areas are unique to Santa Rosa. Some of these areas are just fairly straightforward. The findings are always unique because you're answering the questions. But when you get into some of the technical details, especially on the finance side, obviously there's some uniqueness to that. So the first component is there is always a boundary map. That's a map of the district. It includes a legal boundary of that district. And as we discussed before, there is a project list. And the state code section doesn't get into too much detail. It basically says you really identify whether it's public or private, understanding how those improvements are to be financed. And then typically there is a timing element to that and then obviously a cost that goes along with that. So essentially you see a project list. And as I mentioned before, how detailed those project get is something that we'll discuss as part of this process. There is also a finding of community-wide significance. So essentially when we look at these projects, we're saying that the project itself does provide a benefit outside of the district. A prime example is if you're widening sidewalks or you're doing beautification elements downtown, that provides a benefit to anybody coming out of the area and they can experience that benefit by coming to downtown Santa Rosa. There's also an element where if housing units are removed or destroyed as part of this, they must be replaced. We're not envisioning that as part of this process. So that likely would not apply in this particular case. Number five, excuse me, are the goals that district proposes to achieve with each project financed. Much of that will come out of the project description. So if we start talking about ADA improvements for sidewalk, the goal is obviously to improve ADA compliance on the sidewalk. So some of that will be self-explanatory as we move forward. The larger item is really the financing section. And I won't touch on all of these. There's a few core components to this that we'll obviously discuss. And some of this we've discussed in the past. So the first item has to do with the tax increment. So how much revenue is proposed to be committed by the city and the county? So that's our tax percentage. There's also a projection of the amount of tax revenue expected to be received. Mr. Alton will be diving into that in the next slide. So we'll go into that in a little more detail. There's a limit on the total amount of taxes that must be allocated to the district. So it's essentially a cap. And there's either a date in which the district will cease to exist or if the district has divided into, excuse me, I have, I have to fix this PowerPoint, I apologize. So the district will cease to exist or if the district is divided in project areas, a date in which in the infrastructure financing plan will cease to be in effect. So it's essentially a termination date. Those are really sort of the main components that we'll see in the document. We can talk and see these other items in more detail, but like I said, a lot of this is moved forward as more or less referenced. So you understand as you go through this document what you're really looking at, the parts and pieces. So with that, it leads us into a discussion about the funding sources. And at this point, I'll hand the presentation over to Alan and he will talk through this slide. We'll quickly, Chair Fleming will be here in about five minutes. So what I have here on this slide is just basically an overview of the funding sources that would come into the district or would be eligible to, which is your property tax and it would be the increment property tax and vehicle license fees that follow along with that. So I give you kind of a, there's just the basic rule of thumb for the property tax coming in. It's capped 1% of the assessed value that's there. And the city receives about 12% of that 1% in the county, approximately 20% of that. So if you look at it in terms of a, kind of what does that mean for every, say $1 million of increment, it's about $1,200 coming to the city. So about $2,000 coming to the county. And then that would of course be split by whatever agreement that we have in place that would go in and fund the district. So what would be diverted from either the county or the city general fund to go into the district? So that's where I have. I haven't yet worked out the numbers of exactly how much of the the revenue that would come in over a 45 year period, it's dependent on the projects and how all that valuation goes in. So some of those are gonna come out in the IFP. But for right now, this gives you kind of the foundational perspective of how the split or the funding mechanism for that district. Did you want to address the vehicle license fees? Yeah, I mean, I use an assumption on there. This is something that is, that actually the consultants working on the plan, that's an assumption that they're looking at, which is about 56 cents per thousand dollars. So you're looking at that same million dollars that would come in. That would be about $560 on the city side. And I'm not sure what that would be on the county side, but probably about the same amount. So that's what you're looking at. So it's a small addition that just follows the property tax in. Through the vice chair. Absolutely. So this year analysis here, 1200 for every million dollar on the tip is that assuming under percent of the cities and the counties tax increment would be dedicated to this? Or are you looking at it? So what I'm saying is that's how much the increment would actually, that million dollars evaluation, that additional million dollars. What that does is that generates an amount that's, what would that be? That would be $3,200. Right. And then of the $3,200, the city has $1,200 of it. The county has 2,000. And then so if you, let's say, the city diverted 50% into the district, that's how it would work. Right. So you're just doing a proportion and yeah. It's just to provide that level of perspective. Right. And different EFIVs that have been established throughout the state have different percentages that they're using. And so, I mean, of the growth and the tax increment. So it's just, that's part of the discussion is to figure out what is that percentage, right? That the Boulder City and the county will agree to. Yeah. Are there any additional questions on the slide before we move to the next? I have another one on the former. Sorry, I've got a lot of questions. Just the limits on value is that, I understand it's a statutory requirement. Could you speak to the cap and how it relates to bonding and what the relationship is there? I mean, the limit on value, the total limit on what can amount of taxes that can be allocated to the district? Chris. So I can speak to that briefly. Scott Wider and Deputy Director of Finance here at the city. So what will cap the ultimately the amount of debt that the district will be able to form is really the revenue. So when we go through and we work with our bonding consultants they'll come up with a contribution ratio between the revenue coming in and the total thing. Now, of course, you're right in saying that whatever the cap of it would certainly affect that. I'll be frank, I highly doubt that that cap level is really going to impact how much debt we have out there. Okay. We also have our finance consultants on Bob Gamble and also Chris Lynch. If there's anything they want to say, I don't think it's promoted. Yeah, promoted. I have nothing to add, Sam. Is Bob on? Because I think Bob had some comments on this part too. Hi, this is Bob Gamble. I think at this point, there isn't enough information to really fully, you know, fill out the picture here because we'll need to see what the IFP projects in terms of tax generation over time and also, you know, the impact of the fiscal impact study will matter to this decision as well. So I think when that information is more clear then it makes sense to begin to figure out what those, you know, how those limits affect the district. And this is Mani Zirani. We will be in the IFP estimating when those potential bond sales would take place. So we typically look at it in conjunction with the amount of time that the EIFD will be in existence. So we will be providing that as part of the IFP analysis. Okay, any additional questions about that? I have one question. Is, do we know, can the PFA be provided the total current fiscal year, or prior fiscal year assessment so that we know what the base numbers are prior to increment? I'm sorry, Hugh, I wasn't sure that I understood the question but currently we had done a preliminary analysis based on 2021 numbers and now with the new levy for the 20, or excuse me, 22 year with the new levy, we will update the numbers to reflect 2023 valuations. So basically what you want is in the district you want to see what the tax valuation is for or what the assessed valuation is in the district as defined as it is right now pre-formation. It's extremely helpful as you have pointed out what the maximum amount of dollars per thousand dollars have increased at assessment, where those dollars go. So we know that that's the most it can be and then it's a matter of discussion. And then there's a vehicle license fees which I'm sure will be nailed down more precisely. But then of course there's a normal Prop 13 increase as well which delivers significant numbers. So I'm sure that what the consultants will do is they'll take that base, they'll apply the Prop 13 analysis and to the extent they have accurate information on the probabilities of new construction during at least the early years of the IFD, it'll be possible to get to what the actual revenue flows per annum into the IFD could be in maximum or less than maximum. And until that's known, of course you can't absolutely nail down what projects you're gonna select because you don't know how much money you have. But once you know that, we're at the next stage of really staffing the consultants are at the next stage of highly precise calculations, pretty precise calculations that then become part of our discussion. But you got to start with that phase number. Okay, any additional questions? I will move to the next section of the presentation which talks a little bit about projects. We received very good feedback in the last meeting about general categories that we can focus on. And really when we look at projects we first look at the delivery method of those projects and we talked about it in the previous meeting. There are certain projects that are 100% initiated by the city generally through capital projects that can happen through this program. And there's also those where it's more of a project that is either done fully or partially by private development and then there's a reimbursement component to that. When we look at the categories, we heard a lot about LynchPin, what's the spark? How do we increase taxes? How do we bring people downtown? So we try to focus that conversation into some more defined categories. And really how I have them listed here is pedestrian access improvements, excuse me. So that includes ADA compliance but it also includes general circulation. How do we move people around the area? We also have increasing or reprogramming shared streetscape space. Generally what that is is you look at the existing streetscape and how do you reprogram it? Parklets are a prime example of that. It could be bulb outs for outdoor seating. It could look at reprogramming the street to allow more activity which has a tendency to bring people in and reactivate the space. We also have beautification and wayfinding that generally includes street trees, signage and lighting. It's a little more broad than that. There's others that can fit in that category but that's just a few specific project types that we would include in there. Alleyways and pocket park improvements. Those we have Jeju Way, we have Comstock Mall, we have certain areas downtown that actually if we reprogram them, how would that actually activate the space and draw people in? And that's a general category but it would likely focus on projects in those two specific areas. And then the big project that really often dominates the conversation about downtown is the connectivity between railroad square and downtown. That obviously has some challenges associated with that but we wanted to look at options to potentially program projects around that. So really the feedback we're looking for today is are those project categories good? Did we miss something? Do we need to modify those? Are we going down the right road? Because as we move forward in this process, as I mentioned, we'll start programming those with more specifics. There is a balance on how specific and how general it is and we'll find that balance. We just wanna make sure we're not missing something in this list. No, no, no, no. Great. Does anybody have any thoughts or questions on that? Just to overarching, which actually echoes discussions that were held prior, which is to the extent we can overlap even the projects themselves so that you can integrate beautification and wayfinding along with the improvements or anything relating to transportation, that would be helpful. I think that is sort of a guiding force if we can combine, that's ideal. Yes, and we absolutely can and that is an excellent point. One of the pieces that was also mentioned when we get into some of these improvements, especially on the pedestrian access side, it seemed to be that the PFA was not interested in going towards a project. It would be a private development mitigation, something that they would normally do as part of the development. When we look at a reimbursement program, when we look at a project that is meeting their mitigation measures, how do we tag on to that with having them do more and having this program assist? A few different benefits to that. Obviously, it's occurring with the private development dollars and it's gaining those efficiencies, but it's also developing in the natural course of development, where it isn't necessarily private development moving forward and the city coming in with the project five years later. And the private development projects that we're seeing are bringing people in. So how do we create that livable space downtown? How do we bring it in? How do we bring individuals in? So absolutely these can be sandwiched over each other. It may be one project touches on multiple. It may be that a capital project grabs components of this and it may very well be that a private development project grabs components of this. I go back to the chair. I go back to our discussions on the red, right? Talking about how to actually spur building, and in units and whatnot. And so, and I know that we talked about the not mitigating. I'm not sure. And I think I said at the beginning of this time frame, I think it you might have to mitigate because we've seen that on the red that some projects that said idle just can't get started because there's that delta between what they need. And I don't know from my standpoint, does it matter where those two, three million are going? The important thing is to actually get the, get the building up and going and committed to construction. When you say mitigating, do you mean like project readiness? No, I've heard I heard Gabe and I'm assuming that's like, you know, city imposed mitigations or conditions on development. Gotcha. One of them was, you know, you had in order to build a building on them, you might have been yours. Was there one with utility poles in the alleyway needed to be moved? Well, that was a huge ticket item for that particular development was going to make or break whether or not you could start it. And again, I, you know, I just know that through the economic cycles, those things could have a big, you know, big impact on whether or not you're getting it built. Yeah, I just said, I'm not opposed to mitigations. What I want to see is things that, you know, if we approach it from a public health perspective. So what sorts of things are we going to do that's going to have the biggest impact for the most people? And if it's, you know, helping one developer across the finish line that's going to bring in, you know, tons and tons of units and be a luncheon type of thing, then sure that's the right thing to do. But I'd like to see if we're going to do mitigations that they hopefully benefit more than one party or more than one individual investor or group of investors on one site and provide sort of an enhanced level playing field for as many folks to get in on their investments and creating the downtown that we want to see if we do go the route of mitigations. Any thoughts? If I may. So one approach to the issue of mitigation and development subsidies is broadly enough that they assist with infrastructure that can impede a project. We know, for example, that PG&E infrastructure is inadequate for the downtown core. And I believe the cost of upgrading that is generally unknown. So to have some play in the joints in the EIFD that would allow area wide infrastructure, assistance in that area is one example of what would both deal with the mitigation and deal with the broader benefit. And absolutely. So with that infrastructure component, if we want to reduce it down and I believe the mitigation measures we talked about are the ones somewhat of what Supervisor Rabbit mentioned are the very direct code driven units wide in your sidewalk or replace your sidewalk as part of this development. I think when we get into more of the regional mitigations that can also be a big code driven such as underground utilities where actually that action does benefit multiple parcels in that area. That really helps us develop really the parameters around how we would define projects in that. PG&E is a challenge to a lot of the downtown developments so we can look at that aspect. So we'll add that category of private development mitigations. We'll just put more parameters around that. So there's a clear expectation about what that looks like if that is the PFA's recommendation. We're then happy to add that. Thanks. I would phrase it as development mitigation. Just one, I think it'll be easier to explain to the public than if you just put the parameters around private into it gives us some additional options at the city for some of that work. Some of our city-owned sites. I have one other question and in terms of ADA if there's streetscape work that is done then of course it has to be ADA compliant. But if there's existing infrastructure not otherwise touched by the EAFD it requires ADA improvements. It can be argued that that raises a supplanting issue in terms of what the city should be investing versus what the EAFD should be. So maybe if that can be clarified that would be helpful. Absolutely. Yeah, I'm just piggybacking on that. I mean, we've talked previously about a criteria being to sort of gap funding or looking at where there weren't other funds sources available that you want to supplant. On ADA, I mean you've got CDBG you've got a number of funding sources that help support ADA. So just thinking about that trying to bring that back in as well not supplanting and thinking about gas funding. So if we look at that category where we have ADA is often it can be a wide variety but often it's viewed as we're placing an existing sidewalk for compliance. But what's the PFA's thought on pedestrian gap closures? So that's a situation where the sidewalk simply does not exist where we're trying to improve circulation in the area. That has an ADA component to it but it's not that example of replacing pet ramps at the intersection with the city generally accepts responsibility for. Is there a desire to see that added to the list? Yeah, I'd like to see that one. But my only question would be would that come across to the county as any sort of support? I'm not sure. Not sure. I'm not familiar with the areas where sidewalks aren't existing. Okay. So it would be helpful if it would be helpful excuse me as we move forward when we get more of a description to this we can also provide a specific example of what that project would look like with visuals similar to where the undergrounding is because most of the underground utilities have been lower downtown but it does exist in areas. So we can talk about areas where we have sidewalk gap closures. So there's a better understanding visually of what that challenge would be and what that project would look like. Those areas are not so much in the center of the downtown corporate in the outlying areas within the district I believe. That is correct. Yeah. Concludes the policy discussion that we had this afternoon. I'm happy to step back and address any other questions that came up as part of this process or if there's anything we didn't touch upon here that's associated with the IFT have questions about that more than happy to answer them at this point. I have another one. Sir, just can the city establish a base year prior to the county's taking a formal action to the joint or do both jurisdictions have to establish and agree to the base year assessed value simultaneously? I mean, how does that work? Chris Lynch, can you? Hi, this is Chris Lynch from Johnson Hall. The base year is statutory. It's assessed value in the area of the district last equalized prior to adoption of the resolution forming the IFT. So you can adjust how much you allocate but the base year is a matter of statute. So to use an example, if you were to establish the IFT in April of 2024, then the last equalized role would have been the 23-24 role if you would adopt it in November then it would be the 24-25 role. Did you have more questions also about like because I think Chris and this mentioned it and I think in the last time mentioned sort of like the variability of percentage obligation. I don't know if that's a question that you have but I sensing it might be. Yeah. So looking at case studies of different EFIDs across the state, there's different percentages sometimes for city and county, right? And we had talked a little bit last time about that but I just wonder if there's any, has there been any further staff analysis or discussion along those lines that we should think about or? I can say no, there has not been additional staff analysis but I think the thing that is interesting that seemed to peak your interest last time is that it might change throughout the life of the plan. So Chris, can you talk a little bit about that to sort of guide us through to eventually get to a place where we understand what goes in IP versus what eventually might change and how that might change? Sure, well it does say that obviously each entity that's contributing can have a different percentage. Each doesn't have to do 100. They don't have to be the same vis-a-vis each other. It does allow the amount that's allocated to change over time but we have to recognize that if you wanna issue bonds, then it's important to have a fixed amount that can be relied upon. So there's variability in how it can be allocated but you have to take that into account that proposed financing plan when evaluating that. Do I have anything else on this item? Okay, have we heard public comment on it? We have not. All right, need to sort of take that. There's no hands raised in person. We're not doing this in public comments. Great, fantastic. With that, we'll move on to item five. Comments on non-agenda matters. No hands raised. All right then. Item number six, discussion of next meeting agenda. So with the next meeting agenda, what's there's a few different options we can go with here. So as I mentioned before, our timeline has us presenting the draft IFP in January. Obviously that will give the PFA more to really focus on on the technical details, understanding the way out of the document. Staff behind the scenes will need time to finalize that. We do have a working draft, the city and the county will have to work together behind the scenes to come up with recommendations and move those recommendations forward. December may be a good month to make that happen and it's then would cause us to jump right back into a draft IFP in January. So that proposal would potentially have us canceling the meeting in December. I know it falls around when many people may not be available due to the potential holidays or the holidays that you recognize, I should say. So that's one option. The other option is we can continue some of these conversations if you still have questions. We just wanna get you to the point where you actually have some substantial information that you're reviewing and we can start getting into the details associated with that. And as I mentioned, we probably do need some of the time behind the scenes to do all that preparation and make sure we can come to an agreement with our county counterparts and come forward with a document that we can recommend as a starting point for the PFA to start digesting and reviewing as part of that process. So we'll throw that out there as two options. Curious to hear what the board thinks. If there's a desire to meet in December, it can be more of a discussion about the projects. We can expand that a bit, but I just wanna be sensitive to everyone's time and the fact that we do have hours behind the scenes that need to go into the final product. Thank you. Does anybody have strong feelings about those suggestions? If we get numbers, base assessment, prop 13 increase and some speculative assessment of what kind of additional increment can be produced through new development, then we're in a position really to know what the potential revenue stream can be. And the sooner we get that, even if we can't, those dollars are gonna have to be known by staff, staff to staff conversations, PFA conversations. If it were possible to have those available in December, it doesn't mean we make any decisions about them, but then we could ask questions about them which would facilitate the January action meeting. That's just my thought of the cuff. And I also believe that the DAO could provide some guesstimates of the entitled projects of what those increments could be. Right now there is about 150 million of reassessment value under construction in the downtown core, roughly.  But those are speculative. One doesn't know that they'll happen. But those numbers can be taken into account and as long as we all know what's speculative, then we can make adjustments accordingly as can staff. So I think there is some value in perhaps a December meeting. So I've got a thought, because I'm reading between the lines that you guys need a little bit of time to do your stuff and then come back and you need a minute and your acre for the data. So a couple of thoughts. One is to send a memo out. I don't know if you can do this through our attorneys or something or make it public even as you get the data so that the board could take a look at it. The other option or we could do both frankly would be to have a meeting, a special meeting the first Thursday in January to just hear the numbers and then give your expert an action item or we can just meet in January. I can also get some clarification because there is a code requirement that the draft IFP has to go out 40 days in advance of the first public meeting at which the IFP will be addressed, which will have to be in December if you're planning on having a meeting in January. So you will have advanced look at some of those things coincidentally, though we wouldn't be able to discuss and Chris please correct me if I'm wrong, you can't discuss the IFP until it's, you're in that first public meeting. The elements of it might be able to be discussed or reviewed but you'll have that document 40 days in advance. As you're going through the public, the first public hearing or the first public meeting you then have a series of public hearings and there is work that can be done between those prior to the adoption of the recommendation of formation. So to clarify in our January meeting would mean then that we had had the data for 40 days. That's correct. So we're getting it relatively soon. Right, right. And so discussion points can happen there. I think if I may, some of the work that has to be done among staff would be the discussion with the county which is going through the city manager's office on percentages and things like that. So that is the work I believe that Gabe is talking about and making sure that we have adequate time to do some of those pieces. Yes, and Chris Lynch can you clarify do we have to post the draft IFP or simply notice 40 days in advance that we will be having a discussion on a draft IFP? Yeah, you have to provide notice and I think you have to upload it to the PFA's website as part of the notice. I think it's worth this group discussing about whether you're going to put the time in at the city county level to come to a general sense of what makes sense for the two of them and have a draft IFP presented that is eventually presented at that initial meeting that reflects what the city and the county could live with to start the statutory process or if you're going to present something at that first meeting, not really knowing whether the city and county is supported and might have to repeat that step a few times. So my general sense is it makes sense for the city and the county to come to have a good understanding of what they think the deal ought to be that the staff prepares a draft IFP that reflects that and that's what ends up in front of the PFA at that initial meeting where it's just being presented and there's questions and comments that can be asked. There is an intermediate step. Raisa, correct me if I'm wrong. Has this body yet directed preparation of the IFP? Yes, that happened at the last meeting and we had that resolution adopted. That's right. So I would think that if you're trying to come up with the most efficient process that provides the best public experience, I would think that when you eventually present that IFP to the, at that first initial meeting, it's going to reflect what city and county have really thought through and evaluated. Okay. I mean, to my mind, taking the time to get that right for us seems reasonable. I appreciate it. I'd like to get it done quicker. We'd all like to get it done quickly. Is everybody else okay with that? Okay. Yeah, I was just going to add and looking at Crystal when I talk about this, but for me, from the county's perspective, I'd like to have an analysis of the revenues and expenditures within the district today as they exist and take into account whether that's per capita cost of services and then take that into account of the growth and CPI over time. So I know what our obligation is within that boundary that's going to change and what is available. Okay. I'm sorry to labor this, but county to city discussion, I'm sure that all makes sense. I get that, but surely you have to have the data to have that conversation. Cause unless you know what the revenue stream is, how do you know what you're sharing or what objectives are going to be guided by? So the city, we have that data. Some of the work has been done and I think that's the conversation that has to happen at from county administrator to city manager's office to be able to get to a place as Chris mentioned where there is mutual agreement on what those percentages might be, but that is the discussion amongst staff at that staff level. So the practical result of that being resolved at the staff level is that when it is presented to the PFA, PFA may be choosing projects, but it's not going to be influencing the share. We're going to have no comment on the sharing percentages. Well, Chris, maybe I could comment on that. So the PFA's job as I read the law is to implement the IFP. I don't know that it's a policy maker. I believe it's implementing the IFP. The IFP is going to reflect what the city is willing to commit at tax increment for and what the county is willing to commit tax increment for. So I would think that when it comes to the PFA as part of that first meeting, the city and the county would have identified the projects they're willing to spend money on and the amount of increment that they're willing to allocate to it to make those projects happen. If I understood with that. Yeah, we know that we don't determine what the share is. That's for the city and county to decide. I totally understand that. The only question I'm raising is, is that discussion ever going to happen here? Or, and if it isn't, that's fine. Where is that discussion? Simply a staff to staff discussion and how does, and then ultimately the BOS and city council undoubtedly involved in that determination in some fashion, I guess. Is that the way it's going to happen? Yeah, the statutory process is that the 40 day notice the race I mentioned is mailed out and it refers to the PFA's website that has the draft infrastructure plan uploaded to it. So the, and at that first meeting that follows 40 days later, there's a presentation of the IFP to the PFA where they can ask questions and other members of the public can as well. No late, no earlier than 30 days later than you have the first of the first public hearing at which comments can be received, but no change is made. And you can have a second public hearing where changes can be made. And between the second and third public hearing the city and county have to approve the IFP, at which point after that, there's a third public hearing at which after that public hearing has happened if there's no protest, then the IFP is adopted and the EIFD is established. So my only point is I think the way the statute really probably assumed it would work is that the parties committing an increment would have decided what's going to be financed, how much money they're committing. It's presented to the PFA and there's probably not a lot of change that happens along the way unless the public or the PFA or the city and county along the way kind of come up with additional issues they hadn't thought about. But the other piece of that is that is the PFA who issues the bond, right? I mean, obviously you have to work with city and county on these things but it's based on that. And that's where you start having conversations annually on work plan and revenue assumptions and things like that. But this first part of it is the obligation of the dressing room. I understand the process. So I'm just asking the question, are we ever gonna talk about the sharing within this body before that determination is made? That's all I'm asking really. And if that decision is made not to then it's just presented to us that that's what it is then we will deal with that of course. So just a question. I think to that point then the question is, is this something that each body, the board and the city council are gonna bring up amongst ourselves? Or is this something that you're proposing to have the city administrators and the city and county administrators work out and present to each body? The way I see it, ultimately the policy making bodies are the decision making bodies. And so we will do the staff work we will come to our respective policy making bodies with recommendations, but ultimately it is the city councils at the city council discretion, the board of supervisor discretion, what the actual commitment is. So on the city side, do we have a sense of when we will be discussing that? Well, as Gabe mentioned, we've gotta have those internal conversations with the county knowing that we've got two city council meetings left in December, if we don't make it on the 12th and we're talking about January. All right then. We'll move on to public comment on this item. Saying none, we'll move on to item seven, which is adjournment. I hope you all have a good holiday if you observe these holidays. Thank you. See you everybody later. Thanks.


Hey everybody, stay tuned for this Azure Unblogged episode where I'm joined by Will from the Azure Files team. He's going to be talking about the cost of Azure Files, talking about the tiers that are available, how to pick the right tier for your organization, how to compare the Azure Files to other file services on the market, and also how to optimize your costs once you do deploy Azure Files. So stay tuned and join us today. Hey everybody, and welcome to today's edition of the Azure Unblogged video. My name is Sarah and I'm joined by Will from the Azure Files team. Will, welcome to the show today. Thanks for having me. Now, you've been on the show before and you were talking to my colleague Thomas about how to use Azure Files and Filesync to extend some of your capabilities of your file server from on-prem up into the Cloud and back down. Today, we're trying to change the conversation a little so we're not necessarily talking about the technology. We want to talk about the cost and what that means to an organization. So could you start the scene off by telling us how you actually cost up or how it's priced for our customers? Yeah. So Azure Files and Filesync really help you transform your organization's file storage. But I think the very next question is, okay, great, I have all these cool capabilities. What do I got to pay for it? Yeah. So we do have multiple tiers of storage that you can choose from. So let me share my screen here. I have on my screen the pricing that we have for Azure Files. So we have four tiers of storage available, premium, transaction optimized, hot, and cool. These four tiers basically give you different performance and price ratios that you can work through. So I'll point out that the premium tier is on SSD storage. Then the other tiers, transaction optimized, hot, and cool are on hard disk storage. So you won't notice that much of a performance difference between those tiers. Those tiers are primarily differentiated based on the data storage to transaction ratio that you get. With respect to premium, this is really for Cloud native workloads. Like I want to host a database or I've gotten a line of business application, or even I just have a bunch of end user data that I really want the lowest latency, highest performance type of storage. So it's not as good of a target if you're using FileSync. Then the other three tiers, which are hard disk based, are awesome for FileSync and also really targeted towards what we would call general purpose file share scenario. So we have a couple of new bubbles on the screen there. So we have lowered the price of premium since I think October 2020. Then we have also newly launched the hot and cool tiers to give the additional price points that I mentioned. So those all sound amazing, and looking at some of the prices, the prices look good as well. If I was an organization though, we're thinking about deploying this technology, how would I choose the right tier for my organization? Well, and if I found out halfway through my deployment that I'd actually picked the wrong tier, I didn't meet my performance needs or even cost needs. Could I change it afterwards? What's the scenario there? Yeah. So this can be tricky up front. So let me share my screen again, and I will show the Azure portal. So when I create a storage account, one of the options that I have is the performance of the storage account. So I have a standard and a premium button or radio button. So what this does is it gives me the choice of whether my storage account and all of its data is going to be on the so-called standard hardware, which is HDD based or the premium hardware, which is SSD based. So when I make this decision, all of my data within that particular storage account will end up being in that tier. So if I choose premium, for example, I would pick the file storage account type, and I've actually already gone and deployed a premium storage account here. So I would go forward and then create a file share. Once I've created this share, it's a premium file share. It's in a premium storage account, it's on SSD hardware. I can go in, I can change the provision capacity. So you may not have noticed in the previous slide, but we have a slightly different business model for premium, where you are actually asking for how much storage you want, and then paying for that. As you can see here, provisioning an additional gigabyte of storage gives you additional IO and so on. So I can change this provisioning after I've created the share, but the share is a premium file share. I also went ahead and pre-created a standard storage account. So this is a general purpose version to locally redundant storage. So I have the new file share button, just like I did before, and you can see that I can create a share in whatever tier I want. So if I just say, and then say hot, oops, I put a space in, we'll end up with a new share in the hot tier. I can also go into my existing share and change the tier. So I can change this to whatever tier I want. You'll notice premium is grayed out, and that's just to signify. It is an option that you can use, you can create premium file shares, but you can only switch between shares in the same storage account type. Okay, okay. So there's a second part to your question I didn't get to, which is how do I choose the best tier to be in? So there is a couple of ways that you can think about that. So first you should talk to yourself about in your organization, what are my performance requirements? So obviously if you have those low latency performance requirements, you probably just want to start off going directly into the premium tier. Once you decide, okay, in the case where I am fine with the slightly higher latency, I actually want the lower cost of storage, then you can pick between the hot and cool and transaction optimized tiers. And that's where you have to do a little thinking about what your workload actually is doing. So great example of a cool workload is a lightly used file share and archive kind of an online archive kind of a file share. Hot file share might be a great fit for workload where you're actively using it. You have lots of users mounting it, connecting to it, using Azure file sync within so on. And then the transaction optimized is a really great fit for when you're doing almost like dev test workloads, you have an application that you're testing against and so on, but you don't necessarily need the low latency and the higher price of premium. So it kind of sounds like any other deployment you need to do a bit of planning. You need to do some discovery about your workloads and then you can actually start to implement it. Yeah, so no different than any other IT system that we will be deploying, ultimately. I'll point out that, I have a great example, sort of a pseudo anonymized sort of customer here example where I can walk through how you do the math. So the first thing that you wanna do when you're actually choosing between tiers is go look at your bill for your file share and look at what your actual consumption is. How you get the bill is kind of dependent on what kind of account you have. So it's not gonna be the same for every customer. I wish I could demo, go into the portal and get in the bill, but the point here is that you get these numbers from your bill and then you can simply, and this is sort of the same unit prices that I showed before and I've done the math to multiply out, okay, two terabytes a month times the six cents, 2.55 cents and 1.5 cents yields these prices for my data storage and these prices for my snapshots. And then likewise, I did the same for the transaction portion of the bill. And one thing I wanna point out here that can be kind of tricky to understand upfront is that your transactions are actually gonna be grouped in the transaction units. So what you'll see on your bill actually probably won't be the individual transactions. It'll be the quantity of units that you've consumed. So to get that, I will divide by 10,000. So if you look at our pricing page at the pricing model I showed a second ago, you'll see all the transactions are grouped in units of 10,000. So I'll multiply the base transaction price by the number of units that I consumed and that will yield these prices. And then I simply add up. And so I wanna point out in this particular customer case they had a very active file share. They were cheapest in the hot tier. They paid a little bit more for the transactions than they did for the data at rest. And they also, if they were to have gone to the cool tier, they would have paid actually more money being in cool than they would have in either hot or transaction optimized. So that's why it's really important to sort of take a look at the bill and not just sort of guess which tier is the best tier to be in. Okay, that sounds really good. Sounds like there's a lot to think about but potentially if you do analyze all that data then you will go down the right roads in terms of the tiers for you. Now thinking about our customers as well, they are probably have tons of experience of running file shares on-prem. They potentially might even have file shares running in a cloud virtual machine or on some other kind of managed service for file shares. How do they think about comparing what we have versus potentially something else that's out there on the market or the existing solutions? What's the process for that? Yeah, that's a great question. And it's certainly one that we get a lot. So obviously customers are very familiar already with what they have on-premises.  So when you're considering how do I look at these prices compared to other prices, you need to sort of think about the following things. So if we could take a look at my screen again. You know, the first thing to consider is what the business model for your file share is. So a lot of options will have a provisioned model like we do for premium or a pay-as-you-go model like we do for our standard tiers of storage, the transaction optimized, hot or cool. Or depending on what kind of sort of niche option you might have, there might be even a slightly different business model for this. And so this is particularly important when you think about a provisioned model because you'll have a minimum provision size and you'll have the ability to change the provisioning. And so when it comes to, let's say, premium file shares, the Azure Files offer, you have a minimum provision size of 100 gigs and you can change upwards as often as you want and change downwards as often as once per day. Other solutions have different options here and these are really important to think about when you're sort of picking and trying to estimate costs. And additionally, when you think about running like a VM, running a file server in an Azure VM or when you think about running a file server on-premises, these would typically be in a place where you have to sort of think out ahead of time how much storage do I want for the next three years or five years, whatever your sort of model for managing servers are, and then how much do I actually need to provision to meet that amount. And so then it becomes very difficult to change the provision size later and there's an upfront cost associated with sort of setting that up. The next point to consider here is the resiliency and redundancy of the storage. So with Azure Files, whether you choose premium or standard or you choose our locally redundant storage, zone redundant storage or geo redundant storage, we're giving you the resiliency and redundancy as part of the service offer. So what that means is that we have multiple nodes that are capable of serving your requests and if one of those nodes happens to go down because of hardware goes down or solar ray hits the server in the exact right way and it's not online anymore, your data is still available and able to be used and you also have the flexibility to choose higher redundancy options if you so choose. Versus if you were to run a file server or depending on sort of what the other offers are, you might have to think about, okay, to have that kind of resiliency, I need to run two or three or four VMs. I need to attach storage to them. I need to assemble a storage pool between them and all of those things add costs. So you can't just look at the base price of a disk, let's say, and say, okay, that's how much it's gonna cost me to run a server. You have to think about these resiliency and redundancy costs as well. The next big point that you have to think about here is the maintenance costs. Like what do you have to actually manage? And so this is really clear when we're talking about on-premises storage, you may have to manage physical servers at some point and electricity and hardware maintenance and all of these things. Running in a VM takes some of those away from you. You don't have to manage the hardware anymore, but you still have to think about the OS as it updated and what's the state of my various features with the OS and so on. So there's a lot more to manage there versus an offer like Azure Files where you simply go and say, I want a file share and then you get a file share and you don't have to manage the OS. And then another key point here to think about is the backup costs. So what are the backup rates for the service that I'm using? Particularly if I'm using an on-premises product, I might have to pay a licensing cost and then additional costs for backup storage. And then like, how does the backup actually work? Is it taking a full copy of the backup? Is it taking a first-time full copy of the backup and then incremental from there? And so when we think about Azure Files, the way Azure Files works with Azure backup is that you'll pay a nominal fee for the cost of storage, sorry, nominal fee for the cost of the backup service and then a differential cost for the backups themselves which are snapshots on the file share. So at the end of the day, when you're thinking about these things, this comes to a ratio. Effective cost is equal to total cost minus the total storage that I stored. And so that will be different than the list price that you'll see in any service, including Azure Files. You'll need to consider transaction costs, you'll need to consider backup costs, you'll need to consider all of these other costs. To really get to that answer of like, how do I look at Azure Files and compared to other services? That sounds really good, Will. You've shared some great tips with us today. Well, I've got you. What other advice would you share with our customers to really try and optimize their costs for Azure Files? Absolutely. So the first thing I wanna point out here is that migrations will use transactions. And so if you're migrating into the standard storage tiers, really what you wanna do is start with that transaction optimized tier, where the transactions are the lowest price. And then later when you're ready, and after you've had a chance to look at the bill, you can switch to the hot and cool tiers to save additional money. And that kind of nicely fits into that to my next point, which is don't guess, use your bill to validate that you've chosen the correct tier. And this might be an exercise that you wanna repeat every so often. I will point out that sometimes as the example I showed, the cooler tiers can be hotter than the, or sorry, it can be more expensive than the hotter tiers. You also may end up with the sort of straightforward situation. I think probably a lot of customers fall into this situation where cool is the absolute cheapest tier and then sort of straightforward how to pick. The other thing I wanna point out and this can kind of come to some customers it can be, it doesn't make sense when they look at their bill and they're not understanding it. We've certainly heard from customers this feedback is that for the cooler storage tiers that the transactions might actually be a greater expense than the data at rest costs. So ultimately what matters is not the ratio between the data storage and the transaction costs is actually what's the cheapest at the end of the day. So in a cool scenario you might expect the cost to be driven by transactions but as long as it's cheaper than being in hot or transaction optimized, you're golden. Another point that's really important to think about here is that you really should only be switching tiers of storage when your usage patterns have changed. So for example, you've done the migration and now you've gone to your normal usage pattern or as another example, you had an active project that was using the file share and now you wanna actually switch to having it be an archive thing that you occasionally will access those files but you won't frequently access those files. So the reason this is important is because actually switching tiers costs money it's not a free thing to do and I had a customer that sort of came to me recently that said, hey, can I switch the tier for December when all my users are on holiday for Christmas and then switch back in January when they're back in the office or back online? And I think in general the savings that you would get would tend not to make sense when you think of the tier switches. And then as another important point you wanna actually consider the value added services that you're using. So these are services like Azure backup or Azure Defender or importantly Azure File Sync because these services will do transactions on your behalf and also have their own business models for how they add to the cost. So that's an important component of your total bill. And then finally, I wanna point out that we are actually in the process of launching reserved instances. So by the time this video airs, this should be live and this is a great way. So once you know what your workload pattern is that you can reduce the costs by pre-purchasing, pre-committing to storage. So we'll offer two reserve instance types. We'll offer the 10 terabyte and 100 terabyte levels. And then we'll offer two reserve terms one year and three year. And so you can sort of mix and match these combinations. This will be available for all the redundancy levels the Azure File supports. And this is a great way to lower the total cost of your storage. Now I do wanna point out we're launching with hot and cool and in subsequent releases we'll have support for our premium and transaction optimized tiers. So we haven't forgotten about those. It's just really sort of a staging thing with how we get these out. Awesome, thank you so much for your time, Will. You've definitely shared a lot of advice, lots of talking points or thinking points for me to have a think about when I'm talking to customers in the future about Azure File. And I'll point out if you have any questions don't hesitate to reach out. You can reach us at azurefiles at microsoft.com. So thank you so much again for being a guest on Azure Unblocked. Hopefully we can have you on the show again and thank you to everybody that's tuned in today as well.


With LaMahieu on the injured list the Yankees opted to add another arm to the bullpen in the form of Louise Hill He is here and available this afternoon You heard Aaron Boone listing off some of the options that they could potentially use at shortstop and third base with DJ LaMahieu out today They're opting to put Gio back at short and have Rue Gnad O'Dore in the lineup at third base But Tyler Wade Andrew Velazquez other guys that will be considered as well


hey there friends thanks for checking in today we're looking at the new springfield armory hellcat rdp rapid defense package now when the hellcat first came out it was a big hit amongst ccw carriers i mean they they loved the three inch barrel the magazine capacity 11 and 13 rounds tritium front dot u notch in the rear very accurate a reliable handgun i use it as part of my carry rotation and i've always liked the hellcat but then in june of last year they came out with the flat dark earth model this does have an optic here it's an osp optical sight pistol with the 13 round mag inserted but now they came out with the rdp which is definitely different they're expanding the line and can you see what makes it a little different they added a compensator on there all right aluminum compensator very lightweight but the idea here is to disperse the gases when shooting decreasing the muzzle rise we're going to check that out but they also have a 3.8 inch barrel so we've got three inch barrels and now a 3.8 inch barrel which should be more accurate even more i would guess you know the longer the barrel the more accurate it is at least that's what my shooting experience has taught me throughout the years and there are a total of four things that i was able to see with this gun that makes it a bit unique okay so we've got the compensator here 3.8 inch barrel to take this off it has a lever there you just push that lever and twist it off just like that it does come with a thread cap all right so if you don't want the compensator on there you can put that thread cap on there and then you're going with a 3.8 inch barrel very lightweight easy on easy off but the second thing that makes it a bit unique is that they're calling this a gen 2 trigger now i measured the trigger weight with these two in particular that's the same all our five and a half pounds on my scale so i don't see a difference there it's still a flat trigger but what has changed is that that trigger bar safety is wider making it more comfortable on the finger when shooting it doesn't dig into your dig into your finger at all all right so here's what you're looking at with the reset okay i don't notice the difference on the reset but that gen 2 trigger it just it feels more comfortable that's the best way to put it okay and so i imagined with prolonged shooting you would notice the difference compared to the blade that they have in this one okay see i don't have a problem with this trigger at all actually i like it a lot so there's no downside to a wider trigger bar safety another thing is that this one is or has a manual safety well let me go ahead and charge it first it does have a manual safety right there it is ambidextrous all right good for lefties too it is not on all the models that is an option okay and you could sweep down you're good to go with the safety engaged it does lock the trigger does not lock the slide but it will lock up the trigger and there are a lot of people on this channel say i don't want anything to do with the thumb safety but there are a lot of people that do all right so you know whether you want one or not it's available with this model and this will work with the frames in in the slide so you know i can always throw this frame onto this rdp package in i would not have the thumb safety you know not everybody can do that but it is available but one of the things that i find very exciting is this optic this is a hex wasp see that wasp on there it's a micro red micro red dot 3.5 moa nice clear glass and it co-witnesses with that tritium front dot and i tell you i right out of the case i'm pretty sure that this thing is already co-witnessed you know every time i've been playing around quite a bit with it and i pointed something that i look through the sites which you can access the sites through the glass which is a nice touch i really like that but it i'm pretty sure out of the package it's good to go we'll see i'm gonna get it to the range very shortly but it is an aluminum frame and a nice clear dot and i like that now spring this is a springfield product so i don't know if springfield actually produces it or if somebody else does and they brand it under spring i'm not sure about that but it is nice and the dot is always on right so you don't see an on off button or lever or anything like that long battery life and a from what i can tell it's a pretty nice nice clear picture and i guess longevity is yet to be seen but it is is pretty sharp so we've got the new optic the optional thumb safety the 3.8 inch barrel and the compensator everything else is pretty much the same it's you know they did not rebrand the entire gun they have this rdp package and a lot of people are taking interest in it you know a lot like the feedback that i've gotten i posted a pic on instagram yesterday and a lot of people said wow that is pretty cool and i've also read other comments that are out there and a lot of people are taking interest in this they like the idea of a longer barrel with the option of the compensator or just carrying it with a thread cap and they definitely are interested in that now this is going for 299 which is a pretty good deal they also have a larger one called the dragon fly and that that's actually a little bit less expensive like like 250 and i find that to be a phenomenal deal but everything so far is checking out to be really cool i can't wait to get this to the range i'm going to shortly actually i think i'm going friday i'm going to take this to the range and check it out and i'm very interested to see how well this compensator works okay i'm going to do a side by side perhaps some slow motion with this hellcat here and check out the differences but i am expecting big things because i know the hellcat quite well and i think this is going to be just a blast at the range if you like videos like this please subscribe and share i always appreciate thumbs up button thanks for watching and you guys be safe


Today, I'm going to show you the difference between density and flow inside a lightroom What's up nerds? Hope you had a fantastic weekend. Today is Monday and Monday means it's pole day This is a really easy one. Do you like coffee or tea? I know some of you might not like either I'm pretty close to that boat. I prefer tea way over coffee But I rarely drink tea either so I know call me weird, but what do you like? I'd love to know okay density and flow I've been getting this question quite a bit and part of it is my fault because I've shown you guys a lot of Tricks as it relates to the adjustment brush the radio filter the graduated filter in all of those options offer a Brush feature and whenever there's a brush feature There's a density and there's a flow feature and so a lot of you are confused as to what the hell is the Difference between density and flow. It's really easy once you see it So I'm going to jump into lightroom and show you the difference between the two So in order to get to density and flow you need to activate one of these tools I'm going to start with the adjustment brush first Because when I click on the adjustment brush the density and flow is right here available for me It's going to be a little bit more tricky to find when you're in the graduated filter and the radio filter as you'll see In a moment when I come back. So for right now. I'm in the adjustment brush and when we look here at the adjustment brush We can see that there are some brush settings in particular the size feather flow density auto mask which we've been using a ton of lately so What I'm going to do to make this easy is I'm going to set my feathering all the way down to zero just so that Feathering is out of the way and I'm going to just set my brush size to a decent size Something that you'll be able to see in this video Now currently I have flow set to a hundred and I have density set to a hundred I'm going to play with density first So density is really just a fancy way of saying Opacity or think of it as like a sheer piece of of cloth Or another word is strength how strong it is So if I were to move the density to about half say fifty percent That means that now whatever I brush whatever adjustment. I apply it's going to be applied at 50% strength or 50% opacity Now I'm just so that you guys can see this I've set my exposure to all the way I've brought it up to four so it's gonna be really obnoxious, but that's not the point here So if I go over to the picture and I start to brush with density No matter how many times I go back and forth back and forth that That adjustment will always only be at 50% strength So even though I've set the exposure to four in this example It's really only being applied to half that strength and no matter how many times I stop and Start and keep going over that same spot. It will never get any brighter than this Now if we were to put density up to a hundred percent strength and now back our flow Down to 50% we're gonna talk about flow flow is a little bit different flow Think of flow as like a can of spray paint if you've ever spray painted anything in your life Furniture a wall a train. I'm not advising that you do anything like that, but just in case You'll know that the way paint comes out of a spray can is it's a gradual thing You kind of spray one coat gets a little bit of paint you spray over that same spot again It builds you spray again It keeps building and building until whatever it is that your painting is completely covered That's what flow was gonna do so if I set my flow to 50% And I have an exposure still at four When I go over here and I start to paint every time I go Over pass over it. You'll notice how it gradually gets brighter and brighter and brighter now at this point Because I have density set to a hundred it's gonna keep building and building and building and building until I Have reached a maximum exposure of four and that's in that situation because I've set density all the way up Let's reset both of these options and let's Think of it another way if I were to set flow to 50% and density to 50% And I were to come over here now Every time I pass the flow will build and build and build But it will only build up unto the 50% density Because that's one of the settings that I put in here So they kind of work hand-in-hand and it's really up to you to decide How much of the effect do you want to apply and how fast do you want it to apply now? Just for a general rule of thumb. I almost never mess with density just to make it easy on myself I typically just set density to a hundred because if I want my effect to be greater than or less than what I'm applying I'm usually gonna go over to the slider and make my adjustment there So density to for me in my mind doesn't really make sense But flow does Because I might not want my adjustment even though it's aggressive I might not want it to be painted on at a hundred percent right away I might actually prefer that I slowly Gradually and more methodically and carefully paint my adjustment in that way if I decide that what I dialed in was too far I can I can at greater control How fast that adjustment is being applied and then go over to my slider and and manipulate it a little bit So hopefully that makes some sense with respect to the difference between density and flow If not go ahead and leave us some comments down below and I'll think of some other Examples or tutorials that I can do to expand on this topic just a little bit, but before I let you go There's one more thing I just want to make sure that you guys know where density and flow is as it relates to the radial filter and the Graduated filter so if you don't know stick around what we're gonna do is we're gonna go up here to the graduated filter and In order for this to work you have to have a graduated filter applied So I'm gonna go ahead and just apply something and I'm gonna just reset this slider so that it's not anything crazy and Now that I've applied the graduated filter Now my brush feature is activated Brush would not be activated if I didn't apply this graduated filter. That's why I said you have to put this here So now that that's there I can click on the brush feature and now I'll get the flow and density options down here The same thing is true if I were to go up to the radial filter if I click the radial filter You'll notice how the brush option here is not available so I have to apply a filter first and now the brush is available for the filter and Again, you'll see flow and density down here So there is where you find it in those two spots the adjustment brush. It's just in plain sight for you And so hopefully this helped you make some decisions It's basically in a nutshell just a way to kind of control or better control How you're applying the adjustment to the photo so that way you're not just like slapping a bunch of paint on there they're actually doing it with a little bit more finesse and Finesse is good, especially in this kind of stuff and especially if you're painting on trains So anyways, that's all I got for you guys today Hopefully you enjoyed this video if you did give it a thumbs up Subscribes are always welcome. Thank you to all the new followers here to the channel. We appreciate you Comments have been fantastic. Let's keep them going down below and I will see you in the next video Have a great day everybody


He's roaring towards the first corner, Rasmus Jensen makes a great start, but what a first, oh my goodness, Jason Doyle coming through. Atted into Rasmus Jensen as he just exits the corner here, well yeah, Rasmus Jensen has absolutely no chance of staying on his bike, so I think maybe reasonably clear cut decision for the referee, I'm not sure. Well I think that Jason Doyle is in grave danger of being excluded for that, it takes the front wheel away, we are waiting for the decision, the referee is looking at these replays that we can see now, taking his time, but so we are hearing that Jason Doyle has had a reprieved four back. Not universally liked that decision, but nonetheless, referee determining. Now Smarsik switches back to the inside, straight lines, fires himself to the front, Robert Lambert, can he replay the compliment down the back straight, no, not quite, and all of a sudden Bartos Smarsik and Poland are back to a winning form. Now all of a sudden he puts his head down that distinctive start of Smarsik, breathtaking move. Bartos Smarsik, he knows how to win gold and that's exactly how he does it, what a move from him, absolutely superb stuff up the inside, Robert Lambert had made such a great start as well, and we were talking about Poland not winning races, well they're going to win these two on the drop, they're not getting any last places either. No they're not, Great Britain hanging on though in second place, Doyle out the back that disappointment, that was so good last night, Bartos Smarsik out of the last corner, what a ride, fans are loving it now, it was subdued in the first four races, very subdued, very different now though. After failing to score last time, here we go then, tapes up, Doyle's made a great start from gate number two, he hits the front, Ty Wuffin and electing to go very, very wide in that first corner, relegates to the back, Matzej Janovci coming through into third place, Anders Thompson there hanging on in second place, this world cup you just can't predict it, wow it's fabulous out in front, now Doyle here hits the front, oh it's gone wide, overlocks the park, that allows Anders Thompson to, can Doyle straight line, yes he can, wonderful speedway here, unbelievable there, Doyle's gone wide, Thompson jumping back to the inside, fans himself back to the front, oh that's awfully tight, Doyle's done well to hang on.  Jason Doyle now under huge threat from Anders Thompson, Doyle's ridden so well here, it's been a fabulous speedway race, no doubt about that, and Jason Doyle in Australia he hangs on, then marking second place, these two teams were out of it earlier on, now all of a sudden they're dominating the speedway world cup. And, tense times, everything to race for here, in blocks I have in the Olympic stadium, away they go, Lambert's got there, Rasmus Jensen battling with Jack Holder, Jack Holder off, nasty, yeah awkward crash, got off very difficult there, awkward crash for Jack Holder, nothing giving there in the first corner between him and Jensen, Let's hope that Jack Holder's okay, he got thrown over the high side there and landed heavily, got thrown quite high there, tough racing here, and with everything to race for, no quarter given going in the first corner, that's for sure, and as I say we just hope that Jack Holder is okay, he's being attended to, we'll see it once more. Yeah, he comes off gate three here, he's got the bike working, he's trying to get across there, and just overlocks the bike, I think it will be all four, I've got to be honest, I think it will be all four. He does straight enough a bit here? Yeah he does, obviously he does clatter in to Jack Holder, Jack's made a decent start, tried to come across, he's put himself in that position, really awkward looking crash, I've got a feeling how the referee has been so far in this tournament, because there was contact he may put all four back in, because there you can see Jack's trying to come across, we're hearing it's all four and I think that's probably the correct decision, but really really awkward crash there for Jack Holder, almost gets tangled up in the bike too. That's hope he's okay. Yeah it goes down hard on his wrist. Lucky, actually I think a lot of referees would have put him out for that, but as you rightly say it's all four back. Jack Holder will be replaced by Chris Holder, do you copy that after injury? Bill Morris just confirming that news, bitter disappointment for Jack Holder, those back-to-back heat victories for Australian Heats 9 and 10, excuse me, 10 and 11. Yeah no question, that's what's brought Australia back into it. Yeah and that was a catalyst for them, they've been really well and truly amongst the action since then. Very wide indeed, Madsen under pressure from Svazlik.  Wow what a ride from Vartos Svazlik, fans on the feet once again, runs wide coming out of turn four, Leon Madsen trying to repay the compliment. Certainly there, Dan Buley now coming through in the third place, Madsen again on the inside, oh my goodness what a speed when Richard got here and he's 16, one last blast through the last corner, Vartos Svazlik sensational out in front and they close the gap once again to Great Britain. Could easily be a race off here this evening, takes up, underway, Madsen's made a good start off, Kate number one at all, that was an untidy run there with Jeremy literally getting shoved out of the way, Buley round the outside of Svazlik, that's very important indeed, Svazlik now trying to respond, but Madsen's in front, Buley coming through in the second place, Vartos Svazlik hanging off the back of the bike, straight line to the corner, up into second place, Buley now reads it, back up to the end, beautiful speedway from Dan Buley, but Svazlik you know it's just going to get absolutely everything here. Yeah I think that was a bit of a mistake there from Dan Buley as he chops back for Svazlik using that little bit of grip off the fence to shoot himself into the corner, Leon Madsen doing fine work there out front for Denmark, possibly not going to be enough for them but here comes Svazlik again. Unbelievable speedway here in this speedway, well cut, Leon Madsen out in front, Vartos Svazlik is out to right so I'm building it again tight through the last corner, Svazlik responds, slams the door shut, Leon Madsen, what a ride in Vartos Svazlik, they lead, they lead going into the last race. Made a great jump, superb stuff, from the outside, from Frick as well from Australia, they fire themselves to the front but Lama's in the second place, handy here, could get very tight and then it remains like this, it could well be a run-off for the gold here this evening. Janowski's generating speed, Frick's out in front, Robert Lama electing to go right round the inside and follow him, Janowski going to the back now with Thompson coming into third place. This is going to get tight, Janowski's riding out wide, we haven't seen too much of him doing that, I'll tell you what, Robert Lama is now looking for a way for, oh he's going to get pinned down on the inside, gets awfully close with Max Frick and Janowski is right behind him. In DDS, Max Frick there, out in front, Janowski trying to get round the outside of Anders Thompson and he has to do so if he goes to a race, Janowski now on there. Max Frick then the back straight, can do Robert Lama, do anything about it, Madsen Janowski's going to make himself a hero, here we go, a polar to world champions, unbelievable sees here in the Olympic stadium. You four incredible speedway meeting and Max Janowski has had such a difficult time, gets the better of Robert Lama there, heartbreak for Team Great Britain, you've got to feel for him, truly remarkable scenes and Anders Thompson just out the back. Just looking out of our commentary window, the Polish fans are hugging each other, what a celebration it's going to be here tonight, heartbreak for Great Britain but Poland, unbelievable. I don't think, I've got no voice left, I need to lie down a bit, I do indeed but, crikey what an artist's speedway. Many many congratulations to Poland, it has been a nervous night.