has been agreed with all those bodies including in the main the Scottish court service and the Scottish legal aid board. The bill is expected on the whole to make the civil justice system in Scotland more efficient by ensuring that cases are heard at the appropriate level in the system and therefore at a proportionate cost which is reflected in the financial memorandum. Dr Murray raised the issue of court fees and it has long been the Government policy that the cost to the public parts from civil cases should be paid through court fees with the necessary exemptions in place for those who require those exemptions to be applied. Mae McQueen, the chief executive of the Scottish court service told the committee that the Government does not see a large overall increase in the total amount of fees that are recovered for the cost of civil business. I think that the issues around the financial memorandum have been carefully considered. If I understand the Labour party's position correctly, they are supporting the general principles of the court's reform bill. I find it strange that in supporting the principles of the bill the Labour party is not prepared to put in place the financial mechanisms to enable the bill to be applied and I therefore encourage Parliament to support the financial resolution at the appropriate time. The question this motion will be put at decision time. The next item of business is consideration of business motion 10094 in the name of Jofas Patrick on behalf of the Parliamentary Bureau setting out business programme. Any member who wishes to speak against the motion should press the question button now. I call on Jofas Patrick to move motion 10094. Moved. No member has asked to speak against the motion. I now put the question to the chamber. The question is that motion 10094 in the name of Jofas Patrick be agreed to. Are we all agreed? The motion is therefore agreed to. The next item of business is consideration of four Parliamentary Bureau motions. I ask Jofas Patrick to move motion number 10096 and 10097 on approval of SSIs. Moved. Motion number 10098 and 10099 on designation of league committees. Moved. The question this motion will be put at decision time to which we now come. I'm doing decision time. You can reserve the point of order till I'm finished. Thank you Mr Findlay. There are seven questions to be put as a result of today's business. The first question is at motion number 10088 in the name of Neil Findlay on the motion number 10088 be agreed to. Are we all agreed? The Parliament is not agreed, therefore we move to a vote, members should cast their votes now. The result of the vote on motion number 10088 in the name of Neil Findlay is as follows. Yes, 57. No, 67. There were no abstentions. The motion is therefore not agreed to. The next question is at motion number 10090 in the name of Roseanna Cunningham on court reform Scotland bill be agreed to. Are we all agreed? The motion is therefore agreed to. The next question is at motion number 9375 in the name of Don Sweeney and the financial resolution for the court reform Scotland bill be agreed to. Are we all agreed? The Parliament is not agreed. We move to a vote, members should cast their votes now. The result of the vote on motion number 9375 in the name of Don Sweeney is as follows. Yes, 70. No, 55. There were no abstentions. The motion is therefore agreed to. The next question is at motion number 10096 in the name of Joe Fitzpatrick on approval on SSI be agreed to. Are we all agreed? The motion is therefore agreed to. The next question is at motion number 10097 in the name of Joe Fitzpatrick on approval of SSI be agreed to. Are we all agreed? The motion is therefore agreed to. The next question is at motion number 10098 On designation of elite committee be agreed to? Are we all agreed? The motion is therefore agreed to. The next question is at motion number 10099, in the name of Joe Fitzpatrick. On designation of elite committee be agreed to? Are we all agreed? The motion is therefore agreed to. Mr Findlay. I apologise for not giving you prior notice of this point of order, but it just came before us. During the debate on the motion of no confidence, the First Minister said and I quote, perhaps I should read from the document now. The document is dated 1 December 2012, was released to John Pentland on 50 March 2013. Every iota of that information was available to John Lamont's MSPs last March. I just heard Richard Simpson say, oh no it was not, I hope that he stays for the debate because yes it was. Presiding Officer, this is not correct. New information was released over one year later, in March 2014, so will the First Minister reflect on that? Will he withdraw this claim, will he correct the record of this Parliament and will he apologise for making that claim? Mr Findlay, as I have said on numerous occasions through the chamber, what is said in here is not a matter for me. That concludes the search drive. We now move to members' business. I am going to allow a short pause to allow members to not participate in the debate to leave and the public gallery to clear before we move to members' business.


Hey guys, it's Nate, AKA the Foot Accountant. Welcome back to the channel. It is Monday, you know what that means, market outlook time. We're going to take a look at what could happen this week in FIFA Ultimate Team with the new preseason promo upcoming, the end of summer heat, the weekend league being over, and of course the icon moments, prime or icon moments, SBC being out in the game. And a lot of people being, this is their focus right now on foot, is this SBC right here. So we're going to talk about this and what could also happen later on this week just with general market movements with cars that have gone up in price, since they've gone out of packs, people have bought teams and stuff like that. So we're going to take a look at some of that stuff. And I guess if we're getting random flashback SBCs like this Rodrigo Palacio is kind of a cool card, four star, four star with really dope stats, only for a 94 rated squad. So this is almost just like a fun card to put in your club even for almost a 94 rated card at the very least you can put in the club for maybe using an icon upgrade. But maybe we see some more content like that throughout the week as well. And of course we will be getting the upgrades to Trezzagay and Masuaki because they drew today that game ended 1-1. So we'll talk about that as well. But first things first, I want to talk about the loading screen. This loading screen right here because again, they gave us another small tidbit of information today. I would expect another small tidbit of information released on the loading screen today on Monday and also on Tuesday. So probably Monday, Tuesday, they'll upgrade the loading screen and release just another small little portion, you know, maybe trying to give us a clue about what this preseason promo is going to be about. So yesterday we had this added basically it's an SBC crest with a plus beside it and my good friend Weaver did some good research. He said we can remember the plus from the summer heat promo every re-released smaller pack SBC had this on it. So basically this is would be a sign of road to the final SBCs being re-released like pack SBCs. So I guess they're going to be releasing the pack SBCs, which makes me think that hey, they might be putting something into packs because it's going to be a promo. Maybe they're going to put cards back into packs that are already old promos. Maybe they're going to juice all the road to the final items and put them back into packs. The opportunities here are still unknown and they're still endless. Do we know if this has FIFA 21 implications still? I'm on the fence about that. Originally I thought it was like preseason before we knew about the road to the final stuff before that loading screen that came on Saturday. The loading screen that came out on Friday, a lot of people were starting to think, hey, this looks to be related to like FIFA 21 or something like that, but instead it's actually kind of looking like it just might be a UCL slash Europa League promotion. And it's going to be interesting to see how EA does with that, what they're going to do. And that's kind of what the first half of the week is going to look like on this game is just figuring out what is going to go on with this promo. Like what in the world is going to go on with these road to the final cards. Now these cards have been in packs. They've been re-released back into packs. I think these were in batch two. These might have been in batch two and then they were also, I think some of them in batch three as well because batch three was just a conglomeration of batch one and batch two. So these cards are already very cheap. Like there's only, how many cards over 100,000 coins are there in? There are one, two, three cards over 100,000 coins. That is Kante, Mane, and Sun. Three cards over 100K from the road to the final, at least team one, maybe a couple from team two. But again, these cards really aren't that high at this stage of the game. So I'm really curious to see what EA does with this promo because if they do not make it as good, they have, they have a tall order. EA has a very tall order to live up to here because this summer heat promo, when you're giving us 93, 94, 95 rated players almost every single day, you're going to have to top that somehow. Now they're still giving us 94 rated flashback cards. So I guess that is a plus. But they know, they know that they have to do something good with this promo because they've seen our feedback on Twitter and they've seen us talking about it and they know that we loved the summer heat promo. So they're going to have to do more of the same for whatever this pre-season promo is or do something completely different. But it looks like it is going to be somewhat Champions League and Europa League related. Hopefully we get a loading screen today that actually shows us a bit more. Because again, this loading screen right here really doesn't show us that much. It just shows us, hey, there might be some re-released SBCs, which is what this plus means, I guess. They finally fixed their typo on the side as well. This outer border used to say pre-sazen and they actually fixed that. So GGs after that was pointed out by a lot of people on Twitter today. And then for the rest of this week, as we get nearer to this promo, what's going to honestly happen probably today and tomorrow, if there's more content that comes out, people are right now just on the game submitting coins into these prime icon upgrades, prime or moments icon upgrades. The market is really not dropping that much. I think part of that is just because people bought their end game teams, they really thought the game was over. Like, yes, people think the game is over after tots. We know we had footies last year, we had summer heat this year. I think a lot of people thought the game was over.  And I expected some of these cards to drop more today, but they've really kind of held their price. And honestly, at least right now, I don't think people are really interested or worried about this pre-season promo because these cards are still maintaining a very high price. And they're not too worried about that. Now, if we do figure out that there's going to be cards re-released back into packs, that would definitely create some panic selling situations this week on the market. So just be careful with that. If you do have some of these cards tradable in your team, if you bought your end game team, yes, you might see some drop in price on those. And you're still going to see weakly sell off like there are still some cards that are down. I was watching some icons today. Just a small tip, if you want to do some flipping and trading this week, icons are probably going to be decent to flip. Because again, whenever we have an icon SBC that comes out, kind of like the one we have out right now, the prime or moments SBC guaranteed, like this Blancard is 700,000 coins at the moment. He was like 650k at a point earlier today. That's a very profitable price range fluctuation. Wow. Desai is 394k. He was like over 400k, obviously for most of the day today. So there are definitely some icons that are getting sold off. You might see some fluctuations still on those this week that you could possibly trade with. And a lot of these cards are going to start getting rare. A lot of these team the season cards are going to start getting very rare. I know they were just in packs, but guys like this Mbappe, guys that are very meta like Mbappe has got one page, Ronaldo is probably getting rare. Messi is probably getting rare. Suarez, Benzema, even some, there's some sneaky rare cards out there like Kenny Lala's team in the season card does not have a lot of supply most of the time for the type of card that he is. I mean, he's not a 98 rated like Mbappe is or a 97. He's got eight pages of supply, but this is, we've had a couple of writeback SBCs, but this is still one of the most valuable writebacks in the game. I know Someto is an objective right now. So he's got the hype, but I mean, some of these cards you can definitely look to trade with because these, they're just so, they're so high in demand, right? Lala right now is 180, 170,000 coins. It looks to be 178,000 coins. And this is probably down a decent amount from the weekend because of that Someto card being objectives and a lot of people getting that to link up. But just be careful with some of these team of the seasons and also, you know, there's a potential to be, to flip them as well throughout the earlier parts of this week. If we get more information about what's going to happen with cards back in packs, then we'll revisit that subject on this game. Tresigay again is going to go to a 93 rated card because Villa and West Ham did draw today. It was actually a pretty entertaining game to watch. If you did watch this, which final Sunday in the Prem, my boys from Spurs, we got ourselves in that six place spot. We're going to be going to Europe League guaranteed, feels good. At least we salvaged something out of the end of the season where it was not looking so good. But yeah, Masawaku and Tresigay are both going to go to 93 rated cards. This is a, is this the first draw? This might be the first draw that we had in a summer showdown game. If I'm not mistaken, I don't know if we've had any other draws before this. Bill Foden, he didn't, that was a win. I mean, we had Venetius, that was a win. So I don't know if we've had any other draws. Now we do have another game that is coming very soon. That is Napoli versus Inter. And of course, you have Kaya Hon and Alexis Sanchez. Summer showdown cards that will be, that game will be happening later this week. And that's something you can watch out for as well. Still like the last grasp of summer heat, I guess, and Samedo and objectives. Those are kind of the last two things. That are going on this week related to that summer heat promo. And then again, a lot of people are still sinking their coins into these prime or moments icon player SBCs, which are very, very addicting. But again, if I was you, I would hold off. Because if we're, if we are going to get re-released SBCs cards back into packs, if that is anywhere or sorts of a possibility in this next week with the preseason promo, or possibly even upgrade packs, I would just hold off. I would wait because I would not want you submitting cards in your club and submitting things into SBCs that you could actually wait a couple of days and then begin to craft and be smarter with that coin balance. You know, I'm on 1.4 million coins. I'm slightly motivated to even try to trade a little bit because just, you know, they keep putting out these promos week after week after week. We thought summer heat was the last gasp, right? No, EA has more up their sleeves. So we'll see what happens this week with that. Speaking of SBCs, again, one more time. Cheapest players by rating these cards are starting to go down because there are less and less SBCs that are out. But again, these cards are still very heavily inflated from what they have been most times throughout the year. I mean, if you just look at 83s and 84s, these might be up today because of the Palacio SBC. But these guys are still 5,000 coins. And look what they were for most of the year, man. A lot of the 83s for most of the year were somewhere around the 1-3K range that would spike 1.5K up to 3K, even for a very good card with good links like Kadira, really good for SBCs. It was just these past few weeks with like team of the season and with summer heat with all the SBCs that were coming out that a lot of these cards got super expensive. So I don't think SBC fodder is good to invest in or club stock just yet. But if you want to trade, if you want to trade with some of these cheapest players by rating items that are up here in the higher echelon of SBC fodder, like the 87 rated and up, these guys fluctuate on the daily because they're rare, they're out of packs. And they still right now function as basically SBC fodder for most of these SBCs. Like this Musa de Danbele is 45,000 coins. It looks like he's kind of spiked up right now. Looks like he was 35K for most of the day. And a lot of people are just getting the squad battle rewards and putting their coins into more of these icon upgrade SBCs after a week only because this is another thing you can talk about is that there's been so much content, there's been something to do for the past like, what is it, the past month, past over a month time span, there's always been something to do, whether it's upgrade packs, whether it's crafting SBC, you could do bronze pack method into the silver upgrades, into the bronze and silver upgrades, and then just craft upgrade packs that way. And then you could, you know, do one of these summer heat player SBCs, you could do objectives. Now, there is an objective out right now, but I feel like with people having a lack of things to do on this game, at least for the next two or three days, that's going to drive people into doing more of these icon upgrades, because like that's kind of one of the only outlets that they have right now on this game to do. And that just might be something that makes SBC fodder fluctuate and actually pretty good to trade with. Now we've talked about this a lot before, but going to that cheapest place about rating page on footbin is a very, very good place to go to watch fluctuations. Manuel Neuer's Inform is right now according to footbin 39,000 coins, but it's one of the cheapest cards per that rating. Shows on footbin is 39,000 coins, but it's actually 47K. This is a perfect scenario of when you can trade with a card like this. Now, somebody might see the price on footbin for this card, still have it in their club for some reason, and then try to sell it and then undercut a 39K. Or you can kind of go down the list on that cheapest players about rating page that we were looking at, and just look at some of these players and see their fluctuations if they move around a decent amount. Now, Debala as an 89 rated card shows on footbin as 40,000 coins as one of the cheaper 89 rated cards, right? Now very soon he might dip down like somebody might see his 40K, undercut him, because right now the cheapest 89 in a footbin is 38,000 coins. Somebody might undercut this to 38,000, 37,000 coins. Footbin will pick up on it. The solutions that contain Debala in them for that icon moments upgrade pack will then shoot to be the cheapest solution based off a footbin, and then people go out and they copy those solutions and then these cards rise. That's how you do like solution trading. So like open bids like this on a 30,000 coin 89 rated Debala or this open bid right here, like that's perfect. That is a recipe for profit and out of packs card that is demand in demand for icon SBCs. These cards are going to fluctuate all around. So use that to your advantage this week. If you do want to do a bit of trading, use that to your advantage. Some people also ask me, should I buy rare golds in preparation for a possible upgrade SBC that could come out this week. My opinion is I would really not. I mean at the very, very worst. If they put team of season cards back into packs and it's basically like the batch three cards back in packs again, and then they release like an 81 double plus or even an 84 double plus. I don't think you would see the rare cards going really that much over 1000 coins. If they did an 84 double, then they might go to like 1.3, 1.4 K. But it all depends on what they re-release back into packs and what SBCs they come out with. So I guess if you really thought there was going to be something like that coming, you can do a club stock on rare golds, which sounds kind of weird to say. But if you wanted to do that, you could. And then other than that this weekend, I think rewards are actually going to be the same rewards that we've had during summer heat. I don't think it's going to be any different. I think we're still going to have team of the season cards and the 90 plus picks for gold two and above. So basically the same rewards we've had for like the past month, I think we're going to continue to have if they change it to team of the week cards, that would be a massive L. They know better to do that. They know better to not do that and to make us very upset and not want to play their game at all. If they would do that, that's for sure. So hopefully they don't mess around with that. But I think that is going to be rewards. And by the time rewards come, there might be special cards in packs. We might know a lot more about this preseason promo. So watch out for that Wednesday, Wednesday, Wednesday, Wednesday. It's a big day of this week on FIFA because you know, Monday, Tuesday, it's going to be low key, probably a new loading screen each day. We'll have some more theoretical analysis to kind of look at those loading screens and figure out, Hey, what this promo might be about. But Wednesday is going to be that big day where we figure out what stuff is going to be in packs. If anything, what SBC's objectives, content, and just basically what is that preseason promo. I know there's a lot of stuff going around Twitter right now about FIFA 21 leaks, people that have the beta somehow. Again, just take all that with just a grain of salt, right? Just take all that as just, you know, leak information, which is always somewhat reliable, but not always exactly true. I think that that footage came from like a person who was a play tester for EA, and somehow somebody else got on their account and recorded all that gameplay. So I think the beta is actually supposed to be released. The closed beta, which goes out invite only is supposed to be released in late August, I believe. And I think it's usually out in like middle August to early August, usually. But of course, this year with everything being delayed about two weeks, I think it might come out late August timeframe. So that's not anything that's on the horizon like right here right now. But I just wanted to kind of mention to that because I did have a few people that asked me about the beta. And I was like, I think we still have a little bit of time before then. So hopefully this week is going to be a pumped up week with Champions League coming very, very soon. And of course, a preseason promo, which is pretty interesting. Let's hope EA don't drop the ball on this one. If you guys enjoyed this video, smash the thumbs up on it. Comment down below if you have any questions and subscribe to the channel. If you're new, it's been Nate the Boat Accountant. Catch you guys later. Peace out.


Hello everybody. Welcome to this session on advanced system D for the embedded use case. I've decided to do this presentation after discussing with various people at ELCE last years about system D for the embedded use case and realizing that most of the people I know and who are more or less working in the embedded world don't know system D enough to really use it at its best. I mean system D is a very advanced tool with lots of features and you pay a cost for these features and it's really a shame not to use them because they really are useful in the embedded use case and will greatly simplify writing our code and in particular all the dedicated code that can't be reused between projects. So just a little word about what I'm going to say in general because of obviously time constraints. This will not be a tutorial. This will be more like a feature list. I will just say all the things that system D can do for you and if you really want to know how to do it we can have a talk after that or just go to the man pages. System D has very good man pages. I'm from the embedded world but the embedded industrial world not mobile phones not IOT while I do a little bit of IOT but that won't be the subject of this talk. So that's a limit on the point of view I have and the kind of problem I solve. And another thing to know is that I'm someone that knows system D really well and actually I teach system D professionally but I'm also an expert on projects on embedded projects that are using system D. So when I will say that the feature is easy to use it usually means that I end up explaining that feature to people and people get it right away and use it correctly and I never hear from them again. When I say a feature is a bit harder to use it usually means that when I explain the thing people have a little problem and I need to do a little intervention to get things working. So some stuff are useful but a bit harder to use and some stuff are really easy. I wanted to do some metrics and measures. I've done a little through this presentation very few. Just you see my system around there. It's pretty simple. It's a minimal build route with basically nothing in it. No useful software started. I went from using system 5 to system D and the image grew from 9 megs to 17 megs. So that's a back of the envelope metric of how much space system D costs. I wanted to measure boot times but it turned out not to be really significant because most of the boot time on such a simple system was DHCP and network time synchronization and nothing really relevant. So there we go. So this talks will be in three parts. First part about what I call headline features which is things you probably know system D can do for you but we'll go a little bit deeper into it to show how good it is for the embedded use case. Hidden gems are features that well unless you really know system D you probably don't know and which can really, really save you time. And then I'll go around to discuss some features of system D which are pretty useful but usually not for us, not for the embedded people. So I'll give a quick word about why they are here and why I usually disable them and if relevant why sometime I use them anyway. So the first thing is probably I think the most important thing with system D is that when you start a demon with system D you have a very, very fine grained and very easy to set up environment for your demon. So when you start a process under a Linux system there are all sorts of stuff you can set up for the process. There are the ones everybody know about like environment variables user, what group to use. Some people will set up some limits with our limit and that sort of tools and that sort of stuff but there is actually way more you can set up and most of these things are considered advanced by most users, hard to set up and usually are not set up at all. With system D those things are easy to do and that's the main point. Let's start by the standard file descriptors. If you have a system five in its script where does the standard out and the standard error of your demon go? Nobody knows. If you're lucky it will go to DevNull. Most of the time it will go to whatever standard output is configured which will be the console. Some people some startup scripts redirected to files which is not good either. With system D you just have one parameter which allows you to set up the most standard cases for this standard file descriptors like putting it to syslog, putting it to the journal which is default, sending it to DevNull. For the input you can give a character string or some binary that has which will be fed to your program and so on and so forth so it's really easy to set up. There are some more advanced things that most people don't know how to set up but system D can set them up for you again easily. That would be stuff like Linux capabilities. You can run your program as root with limited power. Syscall filtering which can forbid your demon from doing some system calls. There is all sorts of setups with regard to what I call file system masking which is allowing your demon to only access some parts of the file system and that's not Unix permissions. That's actually using bind mounts and mount namespaces to limit what your demon can do and all sorts of advanced features like forbidding a demon to load kernel modules through various layers of securities and stuff like that. All these things are things that are easy to set up with system D and can be checked globally with system D. System D has a very good security analysis tool which will take all the services to use the correct term on your system and will check with every one of them what security features are enabled and what security features are disabled. Doing an audit is easy and something you can do and that's the main point. You can really control. You can really do a jail for your demon and you can do it easily through a very simple configuration. Some of the stuff is really tricky to do. We're talking a little bit about security. This is not a security talk but it's important to understand where system D fits in the security model. When you're securing a demon you have two layers of security and both of which are very important but totally different. The first layer is your demon itself. The demon must validate its input. It must work correctly and in general nobody should be able to use it to do things that it is allowed to do but should not do. An example would be a database. A database is allowed to erase all data but it shouldn't do it. That's writing a correct application. That's not where system D acts in terms of security. System D acts as a second layer. It's more the idea that your demon has been corrupted. There is a malevolence somewhere to complete control of it. System D is here to make sure that it cannot do more than what the demon is theoretically allowed to do. How does it do it? It configures the kernel. It does not do any security check itself. It just configures all the security mechanism of the kernel. Those mechanisms are extremely powerful but most of them are hard to set up. If anybody has read the man page for namespaces or for capabilities, those are extremely hard to understand.  Once you wrap your head around it, you can figure out how it's going on but it's really, really hard. With system D, using those mechanisms is really easy. Some very high level constraints are trivial to do. You want your demon to have a really don't leave you on the whole file system. Tell system D to do so and it will be done. You want your demon to be run with the no new privilege flag. It's one line in system D. System D is helping with security, not because it's foolproof, very well coded. Well, I think it is, but that's not the main point. The main point is all those security features are really easy to set up and that's a huge gain. That was your demon. You configure it. You start it and you control everything in its environment so you can secure it and jail it and have it well controlled. Now the other aspect where system D is really important is all the synchronization things and starting the demons in the right order and having a startup logic and restarting demons. This part is a bit tricky. That's a part where I usually have to come back and give a few tips after the fact. But overall, once you get it working, once you understand the actual logic, it's extremely powerful. When you have bugs, bugs tend to be easy to reproduce and so easy to debug. And when you have complex use cases for restarting demons, that's where system D really shines. When you're in an embedded system, your system needs to take care of itself. There is no admin. There is no crashed instances that are replaced by other instances. Your system is on its own. It has to detect when things go wrong. It has to deal with things going wrong on its own. And that's where system D really helps you because this whole logic of robustness, not crashing or restarting automatically when something crashes, this whole logic, you don't have to write it. You don't have to write a single line of code in your demon. Well, you have to write one line, the one to tell the watchdog you're still alive. So everything else system D can do for you. First, it has a very robust startup logic. It's a logic that has been written to deal with all the various logics that Unix demons have had throughout time, stuff like privilege dropping, like demons that fork or don't fork. All that sort of stuff is something system D is used to deal with. And everything is protected with time out. So you will never have a demon which will be completely stuck because system D is watching it. It has some great system for readiness detection. So what is readiness detection? The idea is when you start your demon, the moment you start the process is not the moment when the demon is ready to work. It needs some time to prepare. So you want your demons dependency to start a bit later. So system D has various ways to detect readiness, but the most useful one, especially when you write your own demons so you know you will be using system D, is to just tell system D. So you have one call in the system D API, one function you call it and that will tell system D you're ready and system D will synchronize any dependencies on that signal. So it's one line of C code or whatever binding you like to use in your native language to get it working. It's pretty easy. You can easily ask system D to run scripts before your demon and since the pre-start scripts are part of the service, you are guaranteed that they will always be run correctly. You can also have post-start demons. So those are scripts that will be run by system D after your demon has said it is ready but before dependencies are started. So that's really handy when you have some cleanups and boy, I don't know about you, but in the embedded world we have some very badly written demons. So having that sort of tools is really awesome. Watch Dogs system D provides you with a software watchdog. So system D itself will feed the hardware watchdog. So if the kernel crashes, the hardware watchdog will not be fed. If system D crashes, the hardware watchdog will not be fed. And then system D itself provide software watchdogs for any application that needs it. So if your demon is coded for system D, you have one line of code you have to add in your main loop and that's it and your watchdog will be working and system D will monitor your application. And if your application does not feed its watchdog in time, system D will stop it and restart it in a very well-defined way. Again, with all the time outs you want, if you wanted to restart the whole machine, you can do that too. And the whole logic is here and ready to go. You can configure a restart very precisely, including grace periods if you need it and burst protection. So grace periods is basically you tell system D, I want my demon to wait a couple of seconds before being restarted and system D will guarantee you you have that couple of seconds. That's pretty good when you have some hardware that needs some time to restart, but you cannot detect it. And burst protection is basically the idea of saying to system D, I want this demon to be restarted as soon as possible. But if it restarts more than 10 times in a five-minute window, just kill it.  But once you get it going, you have a very well-defined dependency system ordering system. You can have a very precise control of how, when, and in what order your various demons are started. And again, it's really good to not just having a faster boot. We'll discuss boot time a little bit later. But really, unlike system five, you have a real understanding on what's going on. And it's really easy to get it bulletproof. As in, your system will never be stuck. I mean, it might reboot. It might restart demons. But you have someone who's actually monitoring everything, doing things, just work as they need, and has very precise instructions on what to do in every case. So not only is your demon really easier to write, because you don't need to do the cleanup yourself. You don't need to drop privileges yourself. You don't even need to fork yourself anymore. But the whole thing is configurable by the sysadmin if you need to tweak it. And it's overall working really well. So even if a system D is first and foremost a system to monitor your demons, it's in charge of boot. So in that regard, a system D has a few not well-known features that are really great for us embedded people. So the first one and probably one of the most important one is boot blessing. So that's a rather new feature. But basically there is a point in system D where we decide if a boot is successful or not. And what's really great is that this is a neutral point which is independent of hardware, independent of the distro you're using, and independent of the other-the-air upgrade system you're using. So you can add any test you want before that point which will influence boot blessing in the neutral ways that can be reused from product to product without anything specific to any hardware. And on the other hand, you can also add script afters at points that are specific to your boot loader, your over-the-air system, and it will take into account any script that comes before the boot blessing which are, again, neutral. So it's very good because you can do those tricky boot blessing things in a neutral way. So when system D boot, it has a boot target. So without going very far into detail, it's basically the same thing as a run level. System D has those boot targets and you can have multiple boot targets and that's really handy because in the embedded world it's very common that we want to boot in different ways depending on various criteria. The most common being prediction boot versus development versus factory test and so on and so far. Not only can you have multiple boots, but system D has this control called system control isolate which allow you to switch mode on a live system including stuff like blacklisting some services to avoid them being killed when you change mode. If you have, I don't know, a watchdog or something like that. So the whole thing is pretty handy and pretty versatile so you can use it in any way you want. One of the very good things with system D is you have some very precise boot time analysis tool which know how system D start things and will take parallel startups into account and tell you really what you're looking for. So reducing boot time is a very, very common problem in the embedded world and we usually do a lot of guessing in this area. With system D, no more guessing. You have a real tool which will tell you what demons you've been waiting for and what demons have been long to start but you have not actually been waiting for them so you're perfectly fine and you don't need to optimize those and usually the first time you use those tools you have some surprise because time is not spent where you think it is. Last thing I really like is generators. So generators are small binaries, runnables. That system D will execute very early in the boot process and their job is to generate new configuration files for system D, new units. So that's pretty handy for us in the embedded world because a very common thing we're asked to do is to have one hardware in multiple products and to detect on one product we are and boot differently or multiple hardware with one image because they have the same CPU and we need to detect what image we're on and boot differently. So we usually do that using CPU IDs or some hardwired GPIOs who tell us what we are. Generators are typically, well I've used them a couple of times to read GPIO and decide what services needed to be started or to choose a boot target. Once I had also a customer that wanted everything to be configured with a single XML file and that included starting multiple service in different ways so I had to write an XML parser that would generate a system D configuration file. So dealing with XML was hard but actually getting system D to do what I wanted was easy. Small side comment about system D and why it boots faster. So I was not able to get relevant boot times but most people agree nowadays that system D actually gain you boot time. But the question of why is rarely answered or at least not answered correctly. So the first reason is parallelization. So that's a well-known reason. System D starts all demons that can be started in parallel. All those demons will be started simultaneously. So that's really good at saturating both CPU and disks to the point that system D used to have read ahead to preload pages in memory and they've dropped this because the disk, the IO bus was saturated anyway so you didn't gain any time by doing that. So that's the first and most well-known boot time optimization in system D. Second one is socket-based dependencies which basically means that if you have a demon that writes in a socket, the socket need to be created before the demon can be started. However, if another demon reads that socket, the reader does not need to be started right away. And system D deals with that. That means system D can create the socket for you and start both the writer and the reader at the same time and use the socket as a sort of cache between the two to allow those to start in parallel. That's particularly useful with syslog and orjournalty because those do not block all demons that need to write to the syslog. System D has a very robust on-demand startup system which means that demons will be started only when they are needed and that includes not starting demons that are irrelevant for your particular hardware. So I don't know if you remember booting on all the Ubuntu like five to ten years ago, but you would have cups be started, you would have sane be started and they would be started even if you did not have printer or a scanner. Those days, I don't know if anybody noticed, but those days are gone. Even on a rich desktop distributions, a sane is not started anymore. Why? Because system D waits to see if there is a scanner before deciding to start the demon. So as a consequence, you have much less demons that are started at boot because useless demons are not started. And last, when you're starting, when your init system is based on shell scripts, you start a lot of shells. You start a lot of subchels and you start a lot of commands. I mean, whenever you want to change permission on a file or when you want to change user, you have to launch a command. And starting a process on Linux is fast, but it still has a cost. And system D does all the setup for your demon, the environment I've mentioned in my first slide. It does all this by calling directly the system calls and not by starting processes that are just started to start a system call. And the number of processes started is significantly less on system D. On my minimal system with nothing on it that just started a shell, I had the PID of the first shell after startup was 72 with system D and 155 with a system five in its script. And again, nothing was started. It was just starting those shell. So that's why I think that system D is faster at startup. So those are mainline features of system D, but features that are really useful for us in the embedded world, and I would say especially for us in the embedded world. I'm going now to move on to some features that most people probably have not heard of but are still really useful for us. So the first one is the one everybody loves to hate. It's journal D. So logs, let's just put it that way. In the embedded world, we don't really like logs. They clutter our file systems. They eat our flash drives. And on an embedded system that will end up under the sea or in a car or on a plane, nobody will ever read the logs because we don't have any sysad means. We don't have any logs and finalization. And so most of the time logs are a real problem. Journal D helps a lot with logs. So the first thing which makes journal D awesome is that it's exhaustive. Except for applications that write directly in their own log files, everything else ends up in the journal. So every demon started by system D unless you configure them differently explicitly will have it standard out and standard errors into the journal. Everything that goes through syslog will end up in the journal. Any kernel message, so what you usually get with the message will end up in the journal. Audit end up in the journal. And if you use containers, I will never use containers in embedded systems, but you never know. If you use containers, all your container messages can end up in the same journal, the journal of the host, which means that you have them centralized for free. The next thing with the journal which makes it really awesome is that it collects metadata. So if you use traditional syslog, you only get one line of text per message. And that line of text may contain timestamps. It may contain PID. Sometimes it doesn't. Sometimes it doesn't even contain the name of the person that generated the log. With system D, well with journal D, journal will collect every possible metadata it knows about and some of them are really great. The first one, which is really awesome, is reliable timestamps. So journal D will collect its own timestamps when it gets a message and will thus keep all message from all demons in one consistent order, which is the real order. That's pretty awesome. And as a reminder, I've said earlier that journal D collects a message from all containers, which means that all your containers are in the same journal with reliable timestamps. So everything is perfectly ordered between containers. It stores a boot ID with every message. So the boot ID is basically a random string that is generated at boot and that is used to uniquely identify the boot of your machine. So which means that you can just get all the message from a particular boot easily. You also get all process information. So PID of your process, command line of your process, UIDs that launched your process, what capabilities your process had at the time, and so forth and so on. There's all sorts of stuff. It's pretty useful. The next thing that's really cool for us in the embedded world is that journal D is not just here to collect logs and write them down in files. It actually has a complete API which allows you to control it. So one thing we commonly have to do in embedded systems which have a user interface, so one with a screen or something like that, is have some sort of debug menu where you can scroll and view the logs. With journal D you have an API which allows you to search the logs, to see the logs continuously. You have a pull-aware mechanism. This pull-aware mechanism, you can give it filters. So you will only be walking when a given type of message arrives. You can find where you were last time when you restart, which means that your log visualization tool can catch up if it crashes. So your log tool is monitored by system D. It crashes. It restarts. It's reconnecting to the journal. It will get all the message it missed while it was down. And that's for free. It's easy to do. This is an area where I just told someone you have this API. Go look into it and then the application was working. You can store any extra data you want in the journal when you're storing a message, not just one line of text, including binary data. So the system D people use this feature, the fact that you can store binary data with messages to store quadrants inside the journal. I'm personally not convinced it's a great idea, but it can be done. What is great is that you can store any binary data in the journal and I usually use it to store faulty bus frames. When you debug a system and when you debug a system in a real environment, commonly you're not here. You just give your system to a mechanic. The mechanic will put it in the car. The car will go and run around a circuit for hours and then it comes back and you have to see what has been going on. So with this kind of tool, you can just store any faulty frame you find inside the journal and get it with all the traces again with timestamps that allow you to see all the messages your application has produced before and after detecting the problem. Journal D has a network protocol option, so it's optional. You don't have to compile it in, but if you do, it's pretty awesome. A traditional syslog protocol is just put the message in a UDP packet and send the packet, so you have integrated because it's TCP, because it's IP, but you don't have guarantees that the message will arrive. You have no guarantee of the order and you have no timestamps to correct the order. So usually it's used in a data center where the network is reliable, but you could never use that sort of protocol over the Internet. Journal D comes with its own web client-slash-web server, which allows you to easily fetch or push the logs around an HTTP AS-based stack. So it's really easy to put in place. It has already been done for you. You can use certificates to guarantee that only allowed people can get into the log, and it even integrates a very simple, very light web page which allows you to browse your logs directly on your machine. So if you need a one-off log visualization tool, something simple, you have zero development to do. You just use a system-based integrated web server and you get the logs. That you just don't compile it. And last, in the embedded world, we tend to have file rotation issues. So we have some very complex logic about how many files we are allowed to keep, what size they must have, how old they can be. Journal D has a very, very complete file rotation configuration and will basically deal with anything you can throw at it. So just go for it. That's a solved problem for me. So Journal D, as far as I'm concerned, has solved all the log problems I have when doing embedded systems. And in particular, all the things linked to having an API which makes things way, way, way simpler. Something I love about System D is that you have complete D-Bus piloting. So everything System D can do, you can command it through D-Bus. So that means that you can monitor your system through D-Bus. And System D will send you a D-Bus signal when a unit changes state. So you can monitor units and have your nice little green-red lights on your UI simply by monitoring System D and looking at unit states. And the monitoring application can itself be monitored by System D, which is pretty awesome. You want to have to restart a service with a button on your UI while the button just sends a D-Bus message to System D and System D is very good at restarting services. So it's pretty trivial to do. Any property is available through D-Bus and those that can be dynamically changed, you can change them through D-Bus. And that includes all control group settings. So I didn't go into control group earlier, but basically it allows you to control how much CPU, how much memory a given service has available. So you can change that dynamically through System D and you can then pilot all this through D-Bus. So when you need to interact with the system in general, you do it through D-Bus. I mean, all major system demons nowadays have a D-Bus API and so does System D. But System D is pretty interesting because it controls the system. So you can reboot through a D-Bus API, restart any demons through a D-Bus API, change how the demons work through a D-Bus API. It's really easy. And again, something that people learn very fast. You have to understand System D to do D-Bus piloting, but once you do it, it's extremely complete and it solves all sorts of real-life problems. In the embedded world, we have all sorts of problems with file system and partition management. So to give you a few, usually we are asked to do file system, well, system images that are as small as possible because of flashing time in factory. And usually we want to partition and create our data partitions on first boot. We also usually have AB type upgrade systems, which means that the whole data is copied twice on bus, which takes a lot of time in factory. So we want the system to create its second partition on first boot. So there are all sorts of cases and System D provides some great tools to help us with that problem. So the first one is System D can detect what partition goes where and mounts them correctly based on GPT header. So GPT is a replacement for all the BIOS partition tables. And you can encode in there with what each partition is for and System D will detect this automatically. The latest version of System D has a new daemon called Part D and Part D will look at a couple of configuration files and if it finds that some partitions are missing, it can create them. And it can create them dynamically with constraints like just take all space available. So it's pretty easy to have partition created that will take whatever disk space we have. And that's pretty important because in the embedded world, usually you have new version of the product within which the only difference is the size of the disk. So having a system that can grow inside its disk is pretty awesome. System D can detect when a partition is not formatted and formatted automatically. And it can also detect when a partition is empty and it can populate it automatically. So that's pretty awesome. Again, either for our AB use case or more commonly in the embedded system when you have a data partition but you need to have stuff in the data partition. You just leave your hard disk empty and with a properly configured System D, System D will create the data partition, format the data partition, initialize the data partition for you. So this really solves a problem because FSTab is complicated to handle, especially in Yocto where we hate to have to write files. FSTab is one file. You can do drop-its. Portable services are also pretty awesome. So I'll try to be a bit faster on those ones. Portable service basically allows you to have binaries, all its libraries, all its configuration files in one single file system image. So it allows you to have packages in one file without having the risk of having a normal package system like Debian has, which breaks systems to make it simple. So you can have all these images and services in one single file and this way you can easily remove them if you need to do a factory reset. So Portable Services allows us to have a cheap, poor man's packaging system without paying the price and having the danger of a full-blown packaging system. That's for my favorite features in System D. So one quick slide on the features I do not use in embedded systems. So the first one I would like to mention is Network D. So Network D is a network configuration tool so it serves the same purpose as a network manager or con man except that Network D is really around the use case of having interfaces appearing and disappearing dynamically which is typically what happens with containers that are started and stopped. So we usually don't use containers that much in the embedded world. So Network D is really not practical for our complex use cases and I usually use something like con man. I usually disable login D, home D and per user system these sessions because those are all things that are linked to human users and we use dedicated UIDs for security purposes in the embedded world to separate security domains but we generally do not have human users that need a shell or things like that. So I disable those features and spawn again very little use for containers in the embedded world so and spawn is not really useful for that. System D boot is a very good tool but it's only for EFI systems and in the embedded world we usually don't have EFI systems. We have U-boot-based systems so it's not that useful and System D in the initram disk because we are in a trim disk when we have them are usually pretty trivial and are simpler to write in shell. So this is why I think System D is really great in the embedded world. It makes it's way easier to write a daemon because a daemon is just a normal application no forking, no complex configuration of your system. System D can do everything for you. System D allows you to monitor and to secure your daemon easily and System D allows you to interact with the system easily being changing the network configuration, reading the logs, writing into the logs, debugging all those things. You have great tools if you take the time to learn. So that would be my general advice with System D is take the time to learn. It's really worth it to have one person in your team that really understands and masters System D. He will write all the services you need and it will really, really simplify your main application and that's the big game. Things are simple. Securing is simple. It's robust and robust is really the number one thing we want in embedded systems. Thank you very much.


What's up everybody jays here for jazby's case breaks calm 2021 panini impeccable football three box case break pickings number 10 sold out and Again guys very nice product here to rip. So we did have to do a couple rmb So it did take us some time to sell this out But thank you guys for buying in straight up if you did and as you can see there's a lot of teams in rmb Here's the first random number block we have here Which is Chicago Jacksonville Kansas City in Philly? Then we have tb Pittsburgh Dallas and Green Bay There's those customers there and then here is new england Atlanta, New York g Giants watching football team Cleveland Browns put that one over here And here you go. So we do have more impeccable guys, so we will post up another impeccable Let's pick your teams. Oh Oh, we got Aaron Donald for the ramps the 75 rams going to grants What She just got the 120s the IG room so that way they actually feel a little more snug I We got James Winston to 35 for the New Orleans Saints Russell straight up to 35 and at a 50 Houston Texans that is Nicholas Our next one. Good luck guys leave a onza. We're right that is nine or 51 out of 60 All right, so Detroit, that's Kevin straight up Thailand Wallace Four out of five. Look at the NFL logo right there on the pigskin a nice piece of the helmets four out of five for the Baltimore Ravens going to Bennett Deontay Johnson a little ding here on this corner What still nice little patch autographs 16 out of 50 Steelers is part of the R&B. So there you go first hit there for the R&B. So that'll be 16 Steelers Part of the TB one Peter last one mojo. There you go. We have a Earl Campbell Nice That's Houston or there's going to the Tennessee Titans Which is straight up Derek that would have had to be randomized if it wasn't straight up What's up, Nick, how's it going buddy and last one here? Whoo Mac Jones little patch autograph that is 41 out of 49 Patch autograph Mac Jones part of the random number block Patriots, New England Daniel, there you go, man. Congrats spot one and last spot mojo All right, there you go. Nice first boxer there All right, Jerry Judy to 75 for Denver going to Derek straight up All right yonder swift to 50 and 10 out of 10 Dak Prescott for the Cowboys Cowboys is part of the R&B Dallas So that would be zero going in Nathan and then Deandre swift Lions going to Kevin straight up No problem Daniel Congrats, man. That's a pretty big hit right there. Definitely pace for the spot, right? Levi Again 69 out of 99 Detroit gave it some hits there for you kept Elijah Moore Little patch autograph as well 18 out of 25 Jets going to Jason straight up We have a redemption only for last We have Roger Stovak Very nice five out of ten That's for the Cowboys five five out of ten Five is Brian Frank Very nice. Oh Wow, I thought that was legit Tom Brady for a second 11 out of 99 Kyle Trask Bucks 11 Derek whoa, we were close You're close He'll eventually take over Tom Brady, right? Maybe like in five years. All right redemption time elegance rookie helmet and name plate autographs What is name plate autographs? What is that one out of quickly look that up? Name plates usually is a little different, but it might be the base. Who knows? That should be the RPA at a 99. Okay name plate just threw me off, but So actually helmet and name plates are actually out of 35 So they're called rookie helmet and patch autographs, which would be number to 75 and rookie helmet and name plates are out of 35 helmet and gloves are out of 15 helmet and team logos are out of 10 and Of course, you have dual NFL logo one-on-ones. So this one's actually out of 35 122 22 out well for the ramps Grant with that one. Oh, it's all good. I just I seen name plays and just threw me off a little bit Not the super shortest print one, but still something different All right, guys down to the last box here. Good luck everybody. This one should have your metal car and Of course, hopefully it's a nice one. All right, Darius Leonard for the Colts Indianapolis Coltsman of Patrick Evans or about Matthew Stafford of 50 and a Jamin Davis to 35 Washington football team is 10 out of 35 Washington football team Zero is going to John and Stafford for the Rams is straight up Grant We have Garner Minchu patch autograph two out of 15 for the Jaguars. Damn Garner actually played really well as a back of two of my Eagles Happy to have him as a back of quarterback. So in case Jalen goes down Jaguars is two That is Eric Jock You got Eric Nick Bolton for the Kansas City Chiefs 33 out of 60 Chiefs is part of an R&B as well Three going to Chris M Earl Campbell nice one-of-one Earl Campbell. How about that? Uno of Uno indelible ink That is for the Houston Oilers Tennessee Titans Derek one-of-one solid man straight up to and Ramandre Stevenson RPA piece of the Jersey and the helmets 23 out of 35 Patriots Three Michael Joseph there you go man 23 out of 35. All right guys, let's go with the metal card Good luck, and we have a Travis Kelsey bar 12 out of 20 little tryouts of fine fine silver Travis Kelsey Kansas City Chiefs That is gonna be spot-two Eric J. There you go. Jock. There you go, buddy. Nice couple hits right here at the end And there you go everybody that was the break so solid hits for some customer straight up And of course random nor blocks actually did have quite a few hits for each one So at least there was some hits for the random number blocks This one was for the New England one, of course They scored pretty big time with them Mac Jones Wander Stevenson Right there this one here with the TV had a Kyle trash Rogers dog back And of course the last one here with Chicago Jacksonville a couple nice hits there All in all pretty solid guys appreciate everybody so I will post up another one And if you guys want to run it back, of course buy some teams straight up definitely do that Appreciate everybody Jaspies case breaks calm. I know I'm sorry


Coming up on DTNS, the small old chip at the heart of the chip shortage signal adds cryptocurrency support and whether refresh rate or resolution is better. This is the Daily Tech News for Tuesday, April 6, 2021 in Los Angeles. I'm Tom Merritt. And from Studio Redwood, I'm Sarah Lean. And I'm the show's producer, Roger Chang. We were just talking about college. Alright, not just reminiscing about our old college days, but like, what's important in college? What courses do you need to take? What did we take? And how do we end up doing what we do now? With that wider conversation, get our expanded show, Good Day Internet. Get up by becoming a Patreon at patreon.com slash DTNS. Let's start with a few tech things you should know. The Entertainment Software Association announced an all virtual E3 2021, which will take place June 12 through 15th. With early commitments from Nintendo, Microsoft, Xbox, Capcom, Konami, Ubisoft, Take Two Interactive, Warner Brothers Games, and Coach Media to present at the show. The essay is targeting an in-person E3 in Los Angeles in 2022. Did not hear you mention Sony interest there. TikTok added automatically generated captions to videos with additional support for English and Japanese. Captions need to be enabled by the creator and can also be edited after they're generated if you need to touch them up, make them a little more accurate. I'll finally end with the US Patent and Trademark Office disclosed that Google acquired the 3D audio startup Dysonix. Protocol reports that some Dysonix staff joined Google several months ago to work on audio hardware. Dysonix spun out of the UC Davis Technology Incubator and originally worked on a motion tracker for headphones, surround sound on in-flight entertainment, and developed 3D authoring software for VR creators. The latest security update for Pixel phones seems to have increased GPU performance, which was something people were slagging on when the Pixel 5 first came out. XDA developers notes that Dirstonderd found a 30-50% performance improvement and Anantek found performance had essentially doubled. The update did note, quote, performance optimizations for certain graphics-intensive apps and games. So that seems to be an understatement. Apple launched an app called Find My Certification Assistant designed for companies who make certified MyFi accessories for iPhones. The app launches on April 4th. Find My helps users find lost Apple devices and can be used to find other things as well. Apple has not yet launched a third-party device program for its Find My network, but the app launch indicates it might soon and also may point to a launch of air tags by Apple. We'll see. Are we going to get an April announcement? Maybe it'll have air tags. Who knows? Alright, let's talk a little more about the Play Store. Yesterday, we mentioned that Google opened up the Play Store to Android Auto apps for your automobile. Well, the first navigation app that isn't from Google, so not Waze or Google Maps, is now available for Android Auto. Sygic, it's spelled S-Y-G-I-C, if you want to go look for it, has more than 50 million downloads from the Play Store. If you use it on a phone, you might already know it. And it can now be added to Android Auto, not just to your phone. Sygic has some things you'd expect from a nav app like maps, directions. It also does user reports for traffic cameras and includes some really nifty augmented reality features in some parts of Europe. Those will show the route direction on a real-world view. Not as good as an actual heads-up view on your windshield, but the next best thing. Speaking of heads-up, the Sygic phone app can actually project a very basic heads-up view on your windshield. It just uses reflection, but it's kind of nifty. Sygic also can do more offline navigation than Google Maps can. Google Maps can do some, but Sygic kind of orients themselves as saying, we do the most offline of any of those apps, so you're just using GPS for the navigation. You don't need to have a data connection. And this is a big deal. A lot of the Android Auto fans out there are very excited that they've got an option now if they don't like Google Maps or Waze. Oh, man. I mean, as a Apple Car user, which I have become, I mean, I really, really, I really love Apple Car. But that's, you know, it was something that it was always on my phone. And now to be able to be part of my vehicle is a thing that said Apple Maps versus Google Maps. Google Maps is just by far the better version. And that's something that I can use with Apple Car. But yeah, I'd love to know, like, what is actually going on with Sygic that makes Google Maps seem not that great? Yeah. Sygic seems to be something that's worth checking out. If anybody doesn't understand, like, well, wait, why can't I just use Sygic on my phone in my car? You can. But you have to mount it somewhere, right? Either putting it in the windshield or in a vent or in your CD tray or something. The nice thing about Android Auto and CarPlay from Apple is that it uses the screen that's built into a lot of cars to be able to, you plug your phone in and it'll just replicate what's on the phone on the screen in a manner that's formatted for that screen. And so you don't have to be taking up something else that's on your dashboard. I never realized. I was calling it Apple Car this entire time instead of CarPlay. But yes. Yeah, you got the idea. Yeah.  I mean, it really does make a huge difference. And a lot of cars can do both. If you're like, wait, now I have to decide which car supports my system. Not necessarily. A lot of cars do both. Some cars have their own systems, too. So you do have to kind of pay attention to that. But it's getting better. It used to be there would be like my wife has a 2011 Audi. It's got a screen, but the only thing you could do with it are the things that are built into the car. There's no connecting to your phone on it. So we've come a long way. Yeah, my mom has an older Honda as well. And I mean, in great shape. But every time I'm like, Bluetooth, she's like, I can't do that. Not my car. So yeah. Well, something you can do perhaps if you're on Clubhouse anyway, Clubhouse rolled out its first monetization feature called simply Clubhouse Payments. You can find a send money button on a select test group of Clubhouse user profiles. The company is also saying that it is the first of many payment features that it's planning. Payments are processed with Stripe, which charges the sender a small card processing fee, but Clubhouse doesn't take a cut. Not yet anyway. After all, Clubhouse has said in the past, it wants to focus on direct monetization and not add revenue. I guess it's fair to not take a cut when you're just doing it as a test. Gets creators more enthusiastic about it. Although part of me is like, just let him know what you're going to hit him with now. Get him used to it. But the point being that Clubhouse, I think, is taking the tactic of we're not going to build our business on monetizing you. We're going to build our business on monetization between you and the creators that you think are worth paying for, which is a new trend. Patreon, of course, has been doing that for a long time, but there's also fans only and a lot of other companies are moving that way. Yeah, I mean, the whole thing about this is and it remains to be seen how I mean, I kind of feel like Clubhouse is a trendy thing that's going to die out. But the idea of Clubhouse, the idea of paying for a session, an audio session with Elon Musk or Tom Merritt or whoever it is that you think is worth it. I think that's actually a really good monetization strategy. I don't think that's going to be something that becomes a platform. I think it's kind of buzzy stuff, but it is a way for Clubhouse to make money for sure. Yeah, and this is just a tip jar approach. I like what you're saying and that seems to make more sense to me, whether it's Clubhouse or some other platform like Twitter that does it, where there are certain rooms you could just jump in and listen to for free, but there are also exclusive sessions. Like I would absolutely imagine that that's on the Clubhouse roadmap as well. Exactly. Speaking of moving money around, Signal plans to add support for Mobilecoin, a cryptocurrency that is designed to work on mobile devices and also designed to protect privacy. Bitcoin itself is anonymous, but it's not private. You can see everybody's ledger transactions and sometimes that's enough to figure out who's giving money to whom. Mobilecoin hides that, so it introduces some noise. It's almost like a differential privacy approach so that you can't really tell who's sending money to whom on that public ledger. And it also doesn't use a lot of resources, so it's perfect for your phone. Signal users in the UK on iOS and Android will be the first to get to use it, partly because it's not supported in the United States yet. We'll get to that in a minute. Using Mobilecoin means there's no bank record of who sent money to whom. Right now, if you send money through WhatsApp, there's a bank saying, oh, we'll handle the transaction, so they know all that stuff. Using Mobilecoin means nobody knows that stuff. And while more popular cryptocurrencies like Monero and Zcash also protect your privacy, Mobilecoin uses very little storage space and finishes transactions in seconds, not minutes. And definitely not tens of minutes that get close to an hour. This happens about the same speed that Venmo does. Those are important things on mobile. Mobilecoin is supported by the FTX exchange, but not by Coinbase yet. Mobilecoin is volatile as well. Most cryptocurrencies are, so that value fluctuates quite a bit. That's one problem of like, if I pay a Mobilecoin to Sarah and it's worth a dollar and then two days later it's worth 20 cents, that's going to suck for Sarah. Or if it's now worth $500, then that's going to be great. But that's really not what you want. You want the dollar to stay worth a dollar. So Signal is considering an option for users to exchange cash for Mobilecoin and then back again immediately before and after transactions. They wouldn't become a currency exchange where you'd hold deposits, but they would do a thing where like, I want to send Sarah a dollar. They'd change the dollar to Mobilecoin, send the Mobilecoin to Sarah and immediately change it back to a dollar and then she could cash it out however she wants. That would reduce the effect of volatility and the limited places to exchange them, but they're not doing that yet. Right now it's just sending the coin itself. So if I was a person who's like, okay, maybe I have Signal installed, maybe I don't, but is this a good option for me? It sounds, like you said, pretty volatile. Why is this a good idea? Well, Signal wants to compete with the other messaging apps which are, you know, like WhatsApp, allowing you to send money. But they also want to be true to the nonprofit foundation that runs Signal and Moxie Marlin Spike, who is in charge of that foundation, wants to be true to the principle of privacy. Signal is all about protecting your privacy. So they don't want to get in a situation where I was using Signal, but now the bank is tracking me. And yes, your mind is going to immediately go to criminals, but it also is whistleblowers. And that's what Signal is more concerned with and people in oppressed countries and financial transactions could be a dangerous way to do that. So they want to come with a way to protect the privacy of people exchanging money, but they also want to offer that. Yeah, these, I don't know, it seems like just really early days of the next wave of how we all get to pay for things. That's what this seems like to me is, yeah, it's kind of volatile, but privacy, privacy first, that's good, you know, and the whole crypto thing thrown in. It just seems like, I don't know, this sounds sort of messy to me. But at the same time, I get where Signal is going with this, with what they have offered to them. Yeah, I look at this and I think it's the right principle and maybe they'll make it work. If anybody can make it work, Moxie Marlin Spike and Signal can. But I feel like the world is against them. The world is against financial transactions being private. The world is against using cryptocurrency to keep transactions private because of money laundering and criminal stuff. And Signal says, look, you know, Signal doesn't make it easier for criminals to communicate. It makes it easier for people who aren't criminals to communicate because the criminals already know how to use encrypted stuff. And they're saying the same thing about Mobilecoin, not sure that they can fight those prevailing wins. Hey, folks, you want an ad free feed of Daily Tech News Show? Well, support us on Patreon and get your own personal RSS feed supported directly by you. You can find out more at DailyTechNewsShow.com slash Patreon. The Verges Sean Hollister has an article up today called, Samsung's latest budget phones ask is refresh rate more important than resolution. Sean points out that the OnePlus Nord N100, Moto G50, Galaxy F12, and Galaxy M12 all have 90 hertz refresh rates with screen resolution of just 720p. Apple has offered higher resolution phones since the advent of the Retina display with the iPhone 4, but with 60 hertz refresh rates. So the iPhone 12 with a 60 hertz refresh rate costs $800 or more, with the Galaxy F12 with a 90 hertz refresh rate costing less than $150. Huh, big difference. Granted, there are other considerations, processor power, camera, battery size, all come into play. But Sean also brings up an interesting question, focusing on resolution versus smooth scrolling, which is more important to you? I found that fascinating. And Sean, who is married to my wife's sister, so I always feel like I have to disclose that, not that it really matters here, but Sean was focusing more on Samsung and the new Samsung stuff. But I think it's an interesting question in general, whether the smoothness of the refresh rate is more important than the actual resolution. And the actual resolution, because we talk about resolution, when you're talking about a Retina display, the idea is any resolution better than that, you can't really notice. Whereas the refresh rate, you do notice that. When we talk about 120 hertz refresh rate, we talk about it being buttery smooth, right? And everything just works better.  But there are various factors that make it feel that way to you. And the idea that a refresh rate is actually something that it doesn't get the attention that resolution does, you know, when you're talking about specs and people are deciding to pay for something. And the fact that, yeah, like an iPhone at 800 bucks, or another phone at much less than that can actually be as pleasing to the eye as, you know, as either or kind of thing is something that, I don't know, I think that people feel like they need to pay for something that looks good to your eye more than they actually do. Yeah, I mean, I think we have to, we have to bracket off certain considerations, right? If you are doing high resolution video shooting with your phone, or you use your phone in a professional instance that's like, no, I really need high resolution. Well, of course, that's a whole different situation. Or maybe you're like, you know, gaming is super important for me. So refresh rate is everything. Like I need that refresh rate to be be super high. That's a different situation. But for the majority of users who are, you know, text messaging, read and Twitter, maybe watching some videos and stuff. I feel like if you are in a position where you're like, well, I'd much rather spend $150 and $800. This trade off makes sense. As we said, there's other factors, right? But but actually some of these mid-range phones, especially the ones from Samsung have like 6000mAh batteries. Even some of those other factors are closing the gap. If it's not about the camera and it's not about high resolution playback of video or high resolution imagery for you. Basically, if you're not a photographer or videographer, I think that refresh rate will be will affect your daily use of the phone more. Oh, for sure.  I mean, for the last year, I didn't even use my phone unless I absolutely had to because it was hard for me to see refresh rate resolution. I mean, they all play a part. But but yeah, it's it's it's not just it's not just a spec game. It's it's it's truly what works for you.  Where do you fall on the refresh rate resolution battle that we just invented? Send us an email feedback. A display driver is it's not a not a driver software driver. Not talking about that. It's a simple little chip. It has a simple job. The display driver is just a little chip that takes instructions from elsewhere like your graphics card. It's not the actual graphics card. It just takes instructions from the graphics card and it turns it into how the display on your device lights up. It's it's the thing in your display that's like here show these points of light at these locations. It doesn't do a lot of heavy processing, but without it you couldn't see your screen right because it's the thing interpreting the signals. Bloomberg has a report analyzing why a shortage in those tiny little display driver chips is at the heart of the wider chip shortage. We've been talking about because without that simple chip, you can't make LCD panels without LCD panels. You can't make TVs. You can't make laptops. You can't make car info displays. You can't even make things like upgrades to airplane cockpits and a whole lot of other stuff. Now we've covered the chip shortage well on previous episodes and how unusual demand patterns, you know, people demanding consumer electronics more than we expected. Getting back into buying cars faster than we expected certainly impacted the chip supply chain and stockpiling and all of that. There were also the storm in Texas impacted chip manufacturing there. Heavy rains in Taiwan, fires in Japan. Those of all combined to make the logistics of all of this difficult. But Bloomberg talked with the CEO of Highmax that makes display drivers CEO Jordan Wu about its display driver business. Highmax designs display drivers to be made on what they call mature, which means old 16 nanometer processes. Remember, we're talking about 10 nanometer Intel chips and seven nanometer and five nanometer ARM chips and AMD chips. 16 nanometers, pretty beefy, but it's fine for a display driver. Those manufacturing lines have been running at capacity for months. Automotive display drivers are particularly squeezed because they're made with eight inch wafers instead of the more advanced 12 inch wafers found in consumer electronics. So you can't just swap in the chips that are meant for a laptop into the cars. That makes it more difficult for the cars. And capacity for display drivers isn't likely to increase anytime soon since companies don't see a lot of upside in building old 16 nanometer processors for a demand that will eventually fall back down. Like why build a whole factory for 16 nanometer when it can only be used for this and that problem is eventually going to go away even if it's not anytime soon. So when will it end? Nobody really knows. Andrew Howe, Acer's president for Pan Asia Pacific Operations told reporters in Taipei that he thinks Q2 will be better than Q1 and the second half of the year will be better than the first half. He's being optimistic, it's not very specific though. Chris Richard, principal in Deloitte's supply chain and network operations practice told Ars Technica, there seems to be a broad consensus that it will stabilize by the end of the year, which is what Acer was saying. But if I go back to 2008 and the financial crisis, it was a couple years after the rebound started that everything smoothed out again. So Chris Richard saying, yeah, maybe it'll start to stabilize by the end of the year, but we might be in this for a while. Yeah, I mean, that's kind of how these things go, right? I mean, we've been talking about chip shortages, gosh, for the better part of a year really. Yeah, and various areas of manufacturing that it has affected, this is interesting. It makes a lot of sense. I mean, there's not too much, I think that we can do about it. I mean, if you look at, I don't know, what Chris Richard from Deloitte said, it's just going to take a couple years for everything to stabilize. I think that's true. Yeah, that does make the most sense. Now, last time we talked about chip shortages last week, we were speculating on whether the shortages will drive up the cost of cars. And thankfully, we got some inside info on this from Big Jim. Hi, DTS crew. It is I Big Jim, the trade nerd, and looking through some notes here. Okay, on Thursday, April 1st show, you guys better not be pranking me. There was a discussion about supply chain and logistics and semiconductors and movement of vehicles from auto manufacturers that have finished up production and holding vehicles until they get the correct chips. Will that cause these vehicles to come at a higher cost? Short answer, no, because the automakers live based off of cash flow, and so they need to push those products out as quickly as possible. What we believe will actually occur based upon this would be you would actually see sales just to get those old units off the lot, and then you might see an incentive to buy newer units as well within about, I'd say, six to nine months time. But that's just what our readings show here. Tom, what are your readings show on that side? Jim, that all makes sense to me. My readings are going to be the same, which is, yeah, no, a glut of trucks suddenly showing up because they finally got the chips would probably lead them to, you know, do some holiday sales and rebates and all that kind of stuff. Makes sense to me. Thank you, Jim. Appreciate that. Thanks, Big Jim. It was so good to get some feedback from somebody who's in the trenches. All right, so will I remember him? I mean, he's around. Yeah, exactly. He's teamed up with Honeywell on a $299 face mask. Yeah, I know. But it was created in partnership with Hollywood costume designer Jose Fernandez. He made SpaceX's spacesuits. So these are people who are in the business of making nice things. The Zooper mask, Zooper with an X at the beginning has dual three speed fans, also HEPA filters also has wireless earphones featuring active noise cancelization, a microphone and Bluetooth 5.0 connectivity. Oh, so you're paying $299 for Bluetooth wireless headphones. That makes more sense to me. They're just so cool, Tom. They're so attached to them. So yeah, that makes them even cooler, right? Yeah, man.  But at the same time, it's like, OK, well, if you think of it as, you know, it's, it's, it's something that is a, you know, a style item, but also works well and can be used in conjunction with other things that you needed to, you know, the Bluetooth, it would be one of those things that I would care about. It's, it's OK. They're kind of cool looking. They are cool looking. Well, that's a thing, right? Are they are they $300 cool looking to you, Tom? OK, so you'd spend $300 on a high end like an AirPods, right? Yeah, yeah. I think what turns me away from buying these is I would rather just have the AirPods. I don't, I don't, I mean, it looks cool, but I don't want to have to put that all on every time. But then I, you know what? I do put on a mask and headphones when I took the dog for a walk. So maybe it would be nice to have it all in one like that. It's nice and form fitting. Looks like it's stretchable. I also, I mean, listen, I know we're, we're nowhere near the, the, the moment where no one's wearing masks anymore. I mean, we're going to be doing this for a while, but, but I also feel like, oh, for something that's such an all in one item. Yeah. For that price point and, and, and knowing that people want very much to get into the next phase of their lives. Tough sell. Yeah. I think you can detach the earphones to so that you can wash the mask, which means you could, I guess you could just detach the earphones that use them. Maybe, I don't know. We'll have to look into that part of it. All right. Let's see what's in the mail bag. Let's do it. Arthur in Canada wrote in about a conversation we had on GDI on, on Monday show about objectivity versus subjectivity. Do you objectively like a movie? Or do you subjectively think that something is good or bad? Arthur says, recently I listened to a stuff you know podcast episode where the hosts were laid a story about the 1980s competition between Stallone and Schwarzenegger. It seems that Arnold effectively told a trolled Sylvester and Cisterian in the movie Stopper My Mom Will Shoot. Arthur says, if both potential stars believe that the movie was bad, is it objectively bad? Secondly, yeah, right? Secondly, Arthur says, my fiancee enjoys her bananas when they're very green. A state I would consider subjectively bad. As the banana is yellow and I start to consider them good, she would consider them bad. Beyond that, the banana either becomes an ingredient for bread or muffins or it just decomposes and then the banana will cause illness of eating and then everybody thinks it's bad. Must be fair to say, don't eat that. It is bad at that point. Arthur says, I can't help but believe that the rotten banana of movies exists somewhere. Thank you, Arthur. No, Stallone and Schwarzenegger alone do not make enough to call something objectively bad. Those are just two opinions. Our conversation on GDI was all about is such a thing as like people often say like this movie is objectively bad when I don't think they can say that. I think some things that some people think are bad other people think are good, but I do agree with Arthur that there are at the end of the bell curve. There are the rotten banana of movies that we can 99% of us can agree are bad. And yes, don't eat the banana if it's rotten. It's not a good idea. Or just put a banana bread. It's fine. Is there a point after which it's like not even good enough for banana bread? Probably, yes. I think yes. The banana can get rotten enough that it would not even be good for banana bread. But hey, you know, if it goes south, you can always put it in a muffin or something like that. Hey, if you have feedback for us, feedback at DailyTechNewShow.com is where to send that email. And we thank you so much in advance. We love to get your feedback. Also shout out to patrons at our master and grand master levels. Today they include John Adwood, Daniel Dorado and Phillip Lass. Also, thanks to our brand new boss, Volkai, who just started backing us on Patreon. Thank you to our new boss. Yeah, we are live Monday through Friday at 4.30 p.m. Eastern in 2030 UTC. You can find out more at DailyTechNewShow.com slash live. We'd love to have you if you can make it and we'll be back tomorrow with Scott Johnson. Talk to you then.