Today we will be discussing about empty SGP's scenario. Only 30 at YAR. 50 to 30 at US. Boom! So, therefore, yesterday I was in some lecture I forgot I had met 11th grade lecture and there, what happened is I stated this boom so people like sir whether it is a beep or boom and out of that four teach both, that means, eight teach only mathematics, yes or no? yes or no so only physics only eight teach only mathematics out of twelve eight teach only mathematics so out of twenty how many teach physics? easy? well 20 minus 8 sir if you are in the mood of being so kind today i misclicked b can you just mark that also no no please please please sir i couldn't solve it in time but i got it in the end no problem dear understood learned it yes sir good there will be few more such questions do not worry okay very good karun next question guys bakalap similar there are 200 individuals with a skin disorder i will not read it sorry was easy why people got a little confused sir i think you just need it to 250 minus 30 yes exactly here it is saying exposed to chemical C250 but not to C1 minus both 20 is the answer right see this is what NTSC or any kind of competitive exam plays with you are that's why it is general mental ability test right got it yes sir everyone good very good very good anyone default out capital default out okay see it appears that this question will be long right after a long time i have used that but actually it was less than 10 20 seconds clear and that is what is the scenario proper synthesis of information will lead you to good conditions in the competitive exam everyone so 802 by Srijan who was the fastest fastest was Nishant actually very good very good very good very good next question imanshu in order to increase your speed keep on noting down things in single go what happens people in these kind of question they read the full question in one go then they have to revert back for reconforming the information so keep on reflecting the information in single go NAM giving hints are oh varied 11 39 and all you know why is there sir i dont solve it in time no problem dear you still want to continue you can meanwhile i must continue yeah so continue so in a survey it was found 21 people like product A 26 people like product B and 29 people like product C so done sir good very good if 14 people like product A and B this is 14 and at last you have already read that all 3 so this is 8 this is for short 6 yes or no 12 people like product C and A this is 12 so this is 4 yes or no clear 14 people like product B and C so this is again 6 so what is this so you know 29 has to be equal to the dabbha plus 8 plus 4 plus 6 right or not so the dabbha will be equal to 12 or 6 or 18 11 everyone g i got it sir i have a doubt please welcome sir it says 26 like product B and 14 like product B and C so dont you just have to subtract 14 that's what we did not see 14 people like product B and C right or not that means within these 29 people there are people who also like B and A within these 26 people also like A and C got it yes sir here we have to filter out C only so this is the space so you know if i will write 4 number the sum of all these 4 numbers will be 29 got it oh yes sir yes understood understood everyone why particularly it has to be asked to citizen karun hmm hmm hmm i guess we should have memes for these kind of conditions right like i have the stamp right so similarly i should have memes right sir could you explain once again yeah here is the scenario yes sir so this is the area where all 3 are there so it is given that all 3 right 8 yes sir both area is this so it stated 14 people like both so i like already 8 is here so 6 should be here ok sir now i got it ok very very no no there is a variety no surely it is not required but it simplifies certain things ok ok easy oh sorry sorry sorry i have not corrected anyone sorry sorry sorry 11 sir there can be only one given answer mate some can write e-l-e-b-n there are people with variety ok guys number is very good ok guys number is very good what i am going to watch match after this hmm do not play with my brain ok see sir can you explain the question so do you see there are different see there are there is no some or numbers do not indicate anything ok they are just symbols ok so which of the following represent a woman who is urban urban is denoted by circle so it has to be in urban yes or no clear as well as government employer ok square represent government employer so it has to be in the square ok clear so 10 or 6 clear or not so 7 represent men so men is not the case we need women so it has to be outside the rectangle so 10 is the answer got it sir but oh yeah understood sir understood very very so yeah vidya even like when i saw this question first option was there with me but the rectangle is very clearly visible that it is the rectangle so right very good karun very good shri jaan very good when the time is 632 then what is the angle between the r hand and the minute hand of the clock it is 32 is swalpa angle ati swalpa yes it is very swalpa sir atleast the options are telling it raga if that is the answer it is very not at all accepted karun ok now i will have to explain this relax so guys anyway you guys are aware that there are 3 hands of the clock right or not h m and s we are primarily talking here about h n m and throughout actually in mental ability we only discuss about h n m we do not discuss about s ok seconds now understand for an r hand 12 rs are equivalent to 360 degree am i right so 1 r is equivalent to 30 degree or 1 minute is equal to half degree am i clear whereas for a minute hand 1 r is equal to 360 degree so 1 minute is equal to 6 degree so starting at 0 rs this is the r hand and this is the minute hand at 632 minute hand has covered 6 r plus 32 minutes rs will have no change for minute hand as 32 minutes will cause it to reach to 32 into 6 yes or no 192 degree am i clear whereas 6 r and 32 minutes will make it reach 180 plus 16 degrees which is 196 so the difference between them is 4 degree everyone clear sir but won't the r hand be pointing towards 6 and the minute hand be pointing towards 32 so the difference is at 630 anyway r hand is between 6 and 7 think about it oh yes sir what it sir can you explain it again it is not the case that these r hand and minute hand takes the switches like switch the motion no no they are in a continuous motion generally feel look at it it is so steady that we cannot in some minutes visualize the motion of r hand it is very steady right why because each minute is only shifting half a degree so in 5 minutes it will only shift 2 and half degree you are getting my point here that is where our misconception is so when it is 630 at 6 the r hand is here and the minute hand is here for sure ok but by the time this minute hand reaches 630 r hand will go somewhere here in between 6 and 7 got it so it has already maintained a lead ok sir i didn't understand it no problem no problem relax my watch got broken see for you guys i go under so much loss this is the minute hand and this is the r hand at 6 o'clock am i clear yes sir so bitter towards 630 this minute hand is coming here yes or no this r hand will shift enough to this position yes or no yes sir so at 630 not at 632 at 630 the r hand is ahead of the minute hand am i clear yes sir in another 2 minute it will also go little bit yes or no this will remain little bit so at 32 the total angle you got how to calculate the total angle by an r hand you have to consider both r and minutes ok yes sir sure yes sir sir there is a general formula for it sir but how do you know how many one second you can make a general formula for it you can say that suppose n is the r's and m is the minutes so you can say 30n plus m by 2 minus minus i got it as of now literally sure i will not intend to teach you general mental ability on the line of formula please ok that will be my request in my part Rohit will tell you all those formula but my personal i will say vested interest to enhance your aptitude to our thinking we should be able to do things by logic if at all you want to make the formula as you are saying make your own formula good sir good that i have to do it is faster than actually calculating it like that exactly but kids listen do it like this what is the problem you have become like a friend its more time because i do accept it you have to make the formula make your own formula my only motivation thats good ok sir i didnt understand how you calculated 180 plus 16 degrees so see there are how many hours and how many minutes 6 hours and 32 minutes yes or no so we know in one hour the hour hand goes 30 degree yes sir so in 6 hours it will go 180 degree any doubt no sir similarly in one minute it goes half degree yes sir so in 32 minutes it will go 16 degree yes sir i understood so total switch in position will be this got it yes sir sure everyone v i got it very good welcome welcome dont worry because i love you that is the biggest problem so if you want you can note down the formula if the time given is h is to m then r minus minute hand will be 30 h plus half m minus 6 m got it so my personal suggestion is if you guys are aware about it then put them into a mod because at times this may lead the scenario so you should not get a negative anger ok got it yes sir i hate you you are not aware about that what kind of super human capabilities it is taking for me to sit here and solve something i already know under these my heart is hitting my heart is hitting 20 runs in an over sir hurry up 4 questions okay i will lead the vote no nishan i was just kidding relax yeah so actually i am visiting to there is a new restaurant in indra nagar named as street stories somewhere near the pasta story of pasta street something so this is my first visit to that place like yeah okay very good karun you were the faster and you are leading the scenarios as well see so actually it was my fast as i might have already told you saturday i passed today can open match day look at the question a lot of knowledge please sir less time can you please repeat the question with more time no leave the time but anyway okay it is that we will discuss here so you guys take your time and solve it i will not disturb you for 50 seconds okay sir over there this one this question was too short it might have happened by mistake but you can see i had neither the correct answer was wrong nor the time was set okay sir the answer is 5 27 3 by 11 no problem do it everyone do it relax sir sir this question will be counted or no not will not be counted because there is no correct answer no so i don't please so nsb we do not have this question running on menti by some i guess i missed it while marking the timings and correct answers sir i am in a class anything urgent after the class i will leave yeah did not get it ngi very good x x x relax how many of you couldn't even visualize the scenario just think of it so 5 and 6 p.m okay hands of a clock be coinciding so understand this at 5 p.m we are somewhere here this is the r hand and this is the minute hand am i clear so very good very good very good now you know that in order to reach to 6 this will have to take this whole a turn and reach here back whereas this thingy will have to only switch here yes or no good so suppose okay 5 hours and x minute the angle between the r hand and minute hand is 0 can we say that so can we solve it by that way so we will be like okay same thing for r hand for minute hand for r hand yes or no 150 plus x by 2 for minute hand 6x should be equal to 0 yes or no if you remember half half degree for each minute yes remember that yes sir good solve it 12 minus 11 by 2 yes or no 11 by 2 so x equal to 150 into 11 by 2 right sir why i didnt understand the formula okay so no problem no problem relax that's why okay relax simple you know mathematics behind it in 1 in 12 hours the r hand go 360 degree yes or no yes sir so in 1 hour it will go 30 degree simple mathematics sir isn't it 150 into 2 by 11 150 in 150 in what i have done 4 men the max should not go like this yes sir understood 150 now a poor bita my class know mabajit one right so you need to subtract 6x 3 and a bit by oh that why i had to subtract 6x because the angle between how do you calculate the angle between the angle made by r hand minus the angle made by minute hand okay so proceeding to the same knowledge bita 60 minutes is 30 degree so 1 minute is half a degree got it this is for r hand 2 information whereas for minute hand 60 minutes straight is say 60 degree so 1 minute is equals to 6 degree got it yeah i have no importance for minute hand okay because nothing but 0 okay everyone got it yes sir very so 300 by 11 sure the options can be given a shape by this okay yes or no 11 2s are 22 yeah 8 remaining 11 7s are 77 3 remaining so 27 3 by 11 okay what is this so another options match yes only only no okay i got this okay sure only i cancelled it because while solving i might not have got it okay quickly quickly quickly quickly 44 we have enough time we will complete it way before 10 do not worry first you finish it when you explain oh that can be a meme do not do that i have to edit the recording now sundar question very very sundar question i know there will be confusion between 2 options sir 4 minute extra idea sir it's 4 minutes off the answer hmmm hmmm hmmm sabash sabash sabash sabash that happens understand this relax shivam can you unmute and talk to media yes sir say method you have marked wrong right sir i marked 8 pm that's what what was your method sir i did like 16 into 4 because maximum it will go to 64 minutes very good sir so round off because not yet reached 4 am round off i put 8 pm no so see you miss this part loses means what is being shown to you is lesser time so your calculation of 1 hour was correct but it has to go plus 1 that's why it is understood yes sir sir can you explain it actually no problem no problem sure so see it loses 16 minutes in 24 hours what will be the correct time when the clock indicates 9 pm on the 4th day clear fine so till understand this from 4 am today to 4 am on the 4th day yes or no clear it will lose 48 minutes each 24 hours yes or no clear 24 16 16 and 16 4th day has come yes sir then so then then then then from 4 am to 9 pm it will further lose 12 minutes then easily calculated can you or not sir why 12 minutes calculate from 4 am to 9 pm how many hours are there sir 15 10 sorry sorry sir yes or no yes clear so when it is showing you 9 pm it is reduced use the time ok of odd 58 minutes yes or no clear so the correct time is 10 pm understood thank you for reminding people ok do not take it as a sarcastic comment he is actually helping you out everyone got it g i got it or not ok vasudev relax vasudev 1 by 1 again here so whether it loses 16 minutes in 24 hours yes or no yes sir so from day 1 to day 4 it is 24 hours 24 hours and 24 hours 16 16 16 48 minute lost yes or no till when 4 am but you are actually looking the time at 9 pm so you have to also look for the loss between 4 am to 9 pm yes sir sure yes sir so how many hours are there between say for example x hours so you know for 24 hours the loss is 16 minutes so for 1 hour the loss will be 16 by x 24 minutes yes or no yes so for x hours the loss will be like this so you will get additional loss from here which we got as 10 right or no yes sir so another 10 minutes is 58 minutes almost an hour right yes sir good now 15 minutes is what lost so what is being seen is reduced time so what will be the actual time it is 10 got it yes sir next question guys at this part the one who suggested me he said you complete and then explain would be like good karun good imanshu and guys please never understand this time is never a constraint for us as far as understanding the concept is required so if you ever ok i will not disturb now so those who have understood from previous question can easily answer now ok reshbi no problem read the question you will get it see these are the topics we are going to covered in NTSC ok we will talk about when diagram sets we will talk about clocks and calendars ok in clocks and calendar you will have both kind of scenarios correcting the clock ok so and angle between the clock hands and many more high list of topics so by this i am just giving you an introduction very good shawash very very good very good but still people are slightly confused see guys looking at it the word gain tells you that surely 430 is wrong yes or no what you are showing is 415 so it has to be less than which is 4,330 or 3 right there are the 3 options now let us calculate i don't know if the word would have been lost directly 430 would have been the answer yes or no sir gain loss means gain what is gaining so finally what will be shown to you is an extra time so the actual time will be lesser than that watch is losing like the previous question so the time 9 pm was delayed time so actual time is greater than 9 got it ok ok fine i got it good and some people who are exactly sure i was coming to that some people who are habitual of only looking at number might have calculated the question with the base of 4 cause of issue right or not so again a watch which gains 5 seconds in 3 minutes was set right 7 am in the afternoon afternoon of some day when the watch indicates quarter past 4 o clock right sir i think in the same day it showed 450 either after 7 o ok there is a full stop i am considering this as a full stop and this is correct right or not in the afternoon of the same day when the watch indicates quarter past 4 the true time is right i guess this is the correct version right yes sir good anyway whichever way our agenda is to check the difference between this time yes or no yeah karun so how many hours are actually there between 7 am and 4 15 pm hmm hmm yeah sir so are these type of questions given in learners for practice as of now bitter today is the first scenario ok and just introducing you just developing in yourself a taste either a reluctant taste or an addictive taste that i don't know that's why at the beginning of the lecture i shared a disclaimer right past 9 or 15 minutes yes or no in 60 minutes there will be 100 seconds again yes or no yes sir so likewise when you are going for 16 7 is already stated 9 ok 540 seconds ok plus 5 seconds clear convert this to minutes please convert this to minutes 6 so 9 hours straight right 9 hours it will have a change of 15 minutes that is what is showing you here so the right time will be whatever is showing 15 minutes less than that so 4 pm understood may god bless us are like literally bless us all ok so that we can meet literally very soon next question guys last question i guess and before that the leader i have cut shorted you can see i have not even asked that everyone got it or not it was sunday on jan 1 2006 what was the day of the week in jan 1 2010 just to give you a slight hint last year on 22nd march first janta whatever if you happen that was the day your and our life started changing this year 22nd march people got it so guys between 2 normal years there is a switch of 1 day and in a leap year there will be a switch of 2 days provided the days after 28th so on 1 jan 2007 it will be a monday 2008 it will be a tuesday 2009 it will be a thursday because 2008 is a leap year so in february an extra day will be added clear and 2010 will be friday and hence your answer is friday japan ji i got it very good guys let's look at the leaderboard quickly jasthi quickly karan kya gaya tumne shavas shavas shavas very good tanya very good excellent excellent excellent machan very good very good karan very good himanshu very good everyone literally everyone chalo i hope this thoda boss helped you out for atleast 2 topics okay calendar i have to add more sure and from next i am trying something new next saturday i will have like i will attempt something new because next saturday there is no match today i wanted to but my intuitions were not going in right direction okay so thank you very much for your time thanks a lot take care bye bye bye thank you sir


Cause I asked you to leave me out of this, man. I don't want to do this tape like this. I really won't even want the tape. You know what I'm saying? I really want to keep it forward, man. Why is you invited? If you don't, if Charleston don't never say nothing, none of this never come out. Yeah, we on boss talk one on one, one on one. Yeah, we gon' talk. Have you seen Charleston right since this incident? No. Hadn't seen him no more. Just see him online. Just see him online.  I'm gon' let you know, man. I'm not playin' no more with that. Because I asked you to leave me out of this, man. I don't want to do this tape like this. I really won't even want the tape. You know what I'm saying? I really want to keep it forward, man. Why is you invited? If Charleston don't never say nothing, none of this never come out. Charleston won't write to the thing, right? Charleston won't call it loud. So I instigated the louds on this case. The louds called me. The louds called Kevin Spencer. The louds came up to my shop. The Twisted Black told me something about this when he was on the show that, cause he came and did an interview and I was like, man, I heard it. It was a scarf at a barbershop. And he just gave me a little bit of insight on it. But that last, that Twisted Black album was cold. It was a few songs on that way. It was some cold. Did you listen to the whole album? Yeah, my favorite song was saying too much. Saying too much. That's it. That's my answer. Yeah, he was on it on that thing. Yeah, he was on it. Like, like the Fort Worth area, I want to ask you a little bit, but I'm going to get off Charleston for a second. Paul's, but the Fort Worth scene since Twisted Black came back, far as the music, man. How you feeling for that? How you feeling about how he's looking since he came home, far as on the music scene? Man, I'm so glad he came home. I've been talking about he coming home for the last forever. Before I went to jail, after I come to jail, actually I was in Big Spring and Twisted Black and I was in the next little county, I think, when he got caught somewhere up that road. So we kind of got locked up the same, maybe the same day, I believe. You know what I'm saying? So I really don't, you know what I'm saying? But that was always one of my favorite rap because he always kept it funky town, even though he from Detroit, but he kept it real funky town. Yeah, he kept it real funky town. Man, my favorite one was that I'm a fool with it, man. And hustled him too right there. I'm a fool, yeah. I play that all the time. I do it my heart cause I'm a fool with it. Yeah, yeah. And it was some, you know, you heard things like, I think when he first came home, I think that's when Kevin and him shook hands or hugged. It was some stuff said by Charleston White on that as well. Cause me and Twisted was talking about it on here and it's like the other day he was in back of a ambulance or something. And he talked about somebody saying something to you and when he said something, he hugged you or something when you came home and he got pistol whipped. Wow. I'm just telling you what he tried to equate to this situation to, but the thing I look at is the internet. I don't trust nothing on the internet, not even. So even so far as... Don't trust him cause he ain't get pistol whipped. He just got whipped. Well, I don't know. Church young man. Yeah. But anybody know if you get pistol whipped, you're gonna have a scar. Any type of metal hit your face, you're gonna have a little scar scratch or something. You have no scratch, throw my hands, you gotta put on. I think, and I wanna be honest with you, I believe he's, you know, he's real crafty and when it comes down to it, what we're doing right now is exactly what he would like, what he won't because this is the game that we're in. And like I said, man, he figured it out when he come down to getting that attention to be honest with you. I swear he did. Yeah, yeah. Hey, look, if I wake up, I ain't cutting my throat. In that area, in that arena, he did it and he doing it. But one thing I wanna say to you is like, maybe just ask you, like, how do you keep your composure when you being trolled? Being trolled, do you know the terminology? Cause you been gone. Yeah, I'm helping now. Okay. Yeah, that's life work. I be lying and trying to put on if I say, you know, things that people say don't bother you sometimes, especially when it's to what your love wants. You know, that can bother you, but I got a lot to lose and I've been through a lot.  Or whether I did it or not, I took the leg. So I hear a lot of people say they're gangsters and they street niggas and all of this, but we don't trade soldiers for suckers, man. You know what I mean?  You know what I mean? Cause he wanna talk in the TV.  So I'm gonna make sure that I don't do that. I don't wanna get nowhere close to the street stuff and all of that. So I just play my position that we don't, you know, he don't swear over my land, we straight. You know, people, you know, twisted that, gotten asked a lot of stuff by Charleston because it was a lot of dissing. There's a lot of talk going on. You know what I'm saying?  But will it ever slow down? Will it ever, you know, will the city ever come together? Man, to me, I see it have been together since probably about 98, 2001. You know, it was a mix of like me, Zimby Daniels, TK, Rooster, Dot. All of us went to tech and went to different schools. So you can go to trumpet tech from anywhere. So you got a lot of Crips. Eastwood and Stopsies, we're the only bloods, ain't too many bloods from Stopsies, they gon' go to Dunbar. Wow. You know what I'm saying? So I just want, I want to go to tech to play basketball to be away from everybody else. But gang banging started. Gang banging started. I hear, like I said, when you hear about gang banging over there, y'all, man, y'all had a lot, man. You had the gay Crip thing going and then he did. It was a gay Crip over there. And then you had, but then he, I think he said he wasn't with it no more or something after they, I think he went up to no jump and they say denounced the Cripping. But then there also, you got OG Percy over there. You got all kind of people over in Fort Worth, man. You got, you got a, man, it's just a lot of litany of people. You got half pint films over there.  A lot of talent, man. Expensive basketball for the ball.  Do you think that gon' change the scene?  That's my boy. I really don't know him too much person, but he be in my neighborhood a lot. So I see him going and coming, man. But it depends on the attitude that he bring home because he a good leader to be a young dude. But he got to have the right people behind him. Like don't let him get too far off track. But just like Hunter Convray is to come home. He ain't had the right people behind him. He gone back home. You know what I'm saying? These people just let him crash out. Can't even win. Yeah, you gon' do that. Your homeboys can't come home and just let you crash out. Like they let him come home on a, he come home on a mission to cause destruction. Yeah. You know? But look at you. You said that when you came home, you went right back to selling dog. That was when you told him. I mean, I didn't get my, I mean my grandparents or whatever happened to my grandparents or all that, that kind of turmoil don't set in on you. Yeah, he talking about how they got, how they passed away. I know, I'm right. Got killed.  Yeah, we on boss talk one on one. Yeah, we gon' talk. Yeah, we on boss talk one on one.


Well, hello and welcome to understand men now. I'm your host Jonathan as they have Jonathan as they comment I'm so excited to be shooting this short video for you today. Our topic 89 percent. Let me do 89% of men Go slow or act passive for this reason Really quickly before we get started if you're new to my youtube channel hit the subscribe button click the bell wherever it's at and Share my videos with friends if you feel like this content resonates with you I'd be honored if you click that share button and pass it on to a half a dozen friends All right, why do men go slow or seem passive? Okay, why does this happen? You know, I know you've been so conditioned that men are hunters and they go after what they want They want to go from point a to point b to point c to point d and we are so chronologically We do thing this way. So when we like you we are coming at you strong Strong And then you're kind of wondering what's happening when this guy is kind of lax a dayacle and he seems slow And he's kind of passive, you know, he's not that Chivalrous man. He's not coming on strong. Why is this happening? Well, today I want to go deeper into the why Because this is really important and ladies, you know, we have to recognize that the vast majority of first dates That are happening these days are with total strangers They're literally total strangers Now let's take a let's go backward in time for a second to caveman where there were 10 cave women and 10 cave men That was it Everybody in your tribe knew each other. That's your pool that you got to choose from And as societies grew and things grew and we moved to smaller towns Let's kind of fast forward to the 18 1900s Where you lived in a small town chances are if you were if you began a relationship with someone it was someone you knew Or let's fast forward even a little bit further into the 60s where the workplace was the number one place to meet someone The workplace was the number one, you know after high school or college the workplace Was the number one and what i'm saying is maybe a third of people met through the workplace And if you went out with someone you worked with you were familiar with them. You knew them But today we're meeting strangers. We're meeting total strangers and the challenge with a stranger is very little trust Is existent in this beginning in the beginning phase of the relationship There's very little familiarity and trust built Now john gotman talks about the three levels of building a relationship It first starts off with that lust and limerence phase the hormones the pheromones being You know swirling around where we connect with one another we call that chemistry But the next phase is the building of trust And the challenge with here and this is why men go slow why such a big percentage of men go slow is They just don't know you yet Very little trust has been built Because most men and women don't know how to build trust They don't know what the secret sauce is for building trust. They just expect trust But how do we build trust? We build trust by doing things together We build trust by doing social activities and hobbies and mutual interest in spending time with family and friends And physical intimacy as well as emotional intimacy. That's how we build trust But for the guy that's going slow or as passive is because there's doubt Doesn't mean that they doesn't mean that he's not interested in a relationship with you But there's doubt there hasn't built been enough trust built and ladies, you know about trust You know this intimately you need to feel safe to be in a healthy happy relationship. So you get it But we men needed to and you've been so conditioned over this rhetoric of dating advice that men just know what they want They go after it. Well, yeah, that's true when we're going after sex We're certainly we're very crystal clear because it's a one-time thing Think about the hunt for a second where you get all this rhetoric of chase right and hunt We hunt the buffalo.  We eat the buffalo. We're done And then we're on to the next buffalo. We hunt the buffalo. We eat the buffalo. We're done So yes, we've been conditioned to do that But in relationship, do you want to be his one and done one and done one and done? No That's why the hunt conversation the chase conversation doesn't work for building a healthy happy relationship And what I mean to say it doesn't work. It's just one tiny facet of male behavior And the challenge with today's humans Is we don't know each other and when we don't know each other we feel doubt when we feel doubt we go slow Or we might act passive and that doesn't make us bad people Doesn't make a man feminine because he might go slow. I've heard that rhetoric. He's passive. He's in his femininity How is passivity and femininity combined?  Okay, I'm going off on a tangent.  We're riddled with childhood wounds and traumas and adult traumas and experiences That make us uncertain. It doesn't make us bad people. It just makes us human beings And for the healthy happy relationships to be born It has to be born by building trust together and this happens through Doing things together and if you're not doing things together if you're spending all your time Hoping that those telephone calls and text messages building trust. It's not Telephone and text messages build zero trust and let me tell you why Can you remember the last telephone you call you just had? Can you remember a call you had a week ago a month ago? Do you keep track of your telephone calls? I can tell you about the date where we went to disneyland for our second date I can tell you about a wedding. I went with a woman. I can tell you about hiking I remember hiking to the hollywood sign. I live here in los angeles. Those are the things I remember That's how I fell in love with women in my life. It's through the doing of things It's not the telephone and it's not text messaging because my thumb is a really bad form of communication my thumbs People are terrible at communication with their thumbs. So just recognize that's not building love We build love by doing things together and ultimately if you look at the happiest relationships Go interview some of the best relationships that you're aware of. They are always doing things together It's not spent over the telephone or text messaging That's just a way to keep a little bit of the flame going but it it's such a minute part of it All right, you get the gist. Okay. Why do men go slower passive? It's just doubt And it takes time to build trust But certainly if you're spending time with a guy and it's not going anywhere then and if it's not going anywhere then make a choice You can move on But don't blame him don't label him as a bad guy because he has doubt Because we all have doubt and it takes time to build trust You get the gist of where i'm going. Okay I'm sure you have something to say write a question write a comment. I read them all I do my best to respond to as many as I can so feel free to write I'm gonna I'm gonna acknowledge those ones and and be kind. I'm asking to be kind on some of these messages You can certainly challenge my ideas, but don't attack me personally. That's just not cool all right Oh and lastly if you can't afford Private coaching then check out the link below to my vip group or check out the link to my book What the heck is self-love anyway? Hey All right, I'm gonna wrap up this video as I always do giving myself a big gigantic job them bear hug I'm gonna ask you to give yourself a big gigantic hug I'm gonna ask you to turn to someone next to you and give them a big gigantic hug of love because we all need Hugs because hugs are a great source of love Thank you so much and wishing you a super duper wonderful fantastic day. Thanks so much. Bye. Bye now


We're going to get started right away. It is my pleasure to introduce an old friend of ours, Gita Ziabarri. Thanks, everyone. Thanks for your patience, first of all. And thanks for coming to my presentation. I'm going to talk about YALDA. It's an automated tool that I wrote recently, one of my recent projects, and I taught to share it with you. I've worked for Fidelis Cyber Security. And I'm going to talk about YALDA. So we are going to talk about having an introduction of YALDA, how was it created, and what was the object of it. Then how could you use YALDA and what it could get used. Then we are going to have an overview of architecture of YALDA, a quick demonstration, and a GitHub that you can go ahead and download it and start using it on your own files. And using it is actually pretty much simple. It's just like going and just clicking on a file to configure and add some directories to it. So introducing YALDA, the motivation was basically creating a tool that analyzes files and gives you some indicators that saves time for repeating the job for each single file. And also, it was just for fully understanding what the file does and creating other media bulk intelligence collection, and being independent of other sources, third parties. So that was the motivation. So that guy in the back, John Bamenak, he actually is my boss. And he passed me a project to start with. So he started giving me some sort of files, massive files. I mean, millions of files in directories. And they were all compressed. And they were in JSON format. Each one of them, it had a dictionary inside it. And then the dictionary had information about the emails. And each dictionary was corresponding to a malicious email. It has all the key and values, of course, for that one. And it has some MIME encoded keys that the values were there. If you decode them, then you would be able to download the files. So that is how YALDA was born. I started analyzing them manually, and then figured out that campaign from the same sort of campaigns. Although the format and everything is a little bit different, but the fingerprint and the way that they are introducing this stuff is almost the same. And I figured out that it could get automated. This is just like an example. But just looking at it, I found out that this just doesn't make sense. This is malicious. I mean, I would be able to just say it by glance that this is malicious. Look at the from. It's coming from Russia, and it's saying that USPS ground.  And so the analyzing JSON file, each dictionary, this is just like the process of automation that I would get the base 64 encoded MIME, which was the key, and then the value decoded it. And getting a couple of files, the most important one was the file that I was getting that had the attachments. And then looking at the attachments, this was again for a particular campaign that it was almost the same. Like the domains were the same. The domains were different, but the structure was the same. So I started writing automated tool for extracting the information. The steps was pretty much like following whatever I done manually. It was, yeah, it works at least. So I was getting the JSON MIME, analyze keys, analyze from address, analyze the body, get base 64 encoded data, decode it, download attachments, analyze files, and extract domains. So that's how YALDA started working. So manual analyzes, non-process for automation, automating it, YALDA. And then adding more and more to it. YALDA was born. So as I was extracting information, then I started just talking to Annalisa and then asking, what do you guys do for getting more information? And then I made YALDA somehow that it does all of this stuff. Automated bulk intelligence collection. It's a file scanner and analyzer, extract data, cluster files, and it categorizes files. So automated bulk intelligence collection tool, it has an automated process of analyzing files. It applies intelligence in collected data and clusters files based on the similarities. It's a file scanner and analyzer. YALDA scans and analyzes files. It collects detailed information of the file. About 20 indicators are being extracted from each single file. And it makes it possible, how many of you guys are analysts here? OK, so it makes it possible for you guys instead of hours of doing sort of like analyzes, you just run YALDA on the set of files. Let's say even like a million samples that you have. And then it's going to analyze each single one of them. And it's going to give you some indicators, like 20 indicators is going to be extracted.  So you can just like apply a filter and you can extract the information. It also extracts data, like it collects embedded objects and also it collects malicious URL and domains. And it categorizes files. There is like a flag and severity that in combination they are being used. So depending on the algorithm that is being applied to the file and the founding of the file, a file could be categorized as clear with a low severity, like a 1 and 2 suspicious, suspicious with higher severity, and malicious, of course, higher severity. It also clusters data. It gets the, if there is a malicious hash that it detects, it's going to cluster the strings out of the file and it's going to insert it in a different collection. Same applies if it is an executable file that is malicious. It is going to get the names of P sections, convert it to Shaw one, and in combination of the hash, and Shannon entropy is going to use it. Now, what to do with Yaldo and when to use it? So if you want to have a feed, a collection of feeds that you could use it, you could go ahead and just like submit files to Yaldo and it could be used for extracting MD5 feed, domain feed, URL feed, all of them malicious. Also, as I said, there are 20 indicators that are being extracted from each single file, depending on the file type, some of them might be empty. Like for example, if there is no P sections in it, then it's going to be empty. However, you are able to get all of these, like MD5, Shaw one, Shaw 256, similar MD5. If there are some malicious MD5s that are similar to this particular file that you are analyzing, it is going to give you a list of similar MD5s. File type, if there is any malicious URL that has been extracted from the file, it is going to be given to you. Magic literal source, virus total information. This is basically, just gives you a paramalink to virus total page, if it exists in virus total with the number of positive AV engines that are able to detect it. You don't have to have the key or use virus total, you can just disable it, it's not mandatory. Severely and flag are being used together. Severely is like clear, or it could be suspicious or malicious, and then the flag, it could be from one to five. One stands for clear, and five stands for very malicious. So it should sort of give you a scope of how the file is analyzed. File name, in just time, the time that it got analyzed and got inserted in database. Domain list, if it has any malicious domain, URL list, I'm going to go through it in detail, but the list of the functions in URL rules that are matching the particular file is also going to be extracted in a list. The file path and the source is going to be YALDA. It is just like as an indicator to be able to collect the information from database. Embedded files, the list of objects that are embedded in the file also is going to be displayed to you. PE sections, in detail, is going to be there. Parent MD5 and parent file path, if the file is embedded and is being analyzed, then you are going to have a link to the parent. So let's say that you are interested to, like you're analyzing the obtained results and you're interested to extract a PDF file that has embedded objects in it. It has also malicious domains and it is malicious with a stability of five. So you could go ahead and apply a filter and it's going to extract the data for you. So it's just based on the indicators, it is possible that you select exactly what you're looking for. It's a good source for generating your rules because it has detailed information about it and if it is malicious, also it's going to have strings out of it and PE sections. So you can use it as a good source for writing your YARA rules. It's a smart feed to Cuckoo Sandbox. Again, you don't want to submit everything to Cuckoo Sandbox, but if there is a specific malicious characteristic that you're interested, you can go ahead and start feeding it that category to Sandbox to see what is happening next. YALDO architecture, it's basically the architecture is could be categorized in file sections, in four sections, file, you submit it, then extract files, it starts extracting files and then starts analyzing and scanning every single file that has been extracted and then insert data in database. Extracting files is done. So mainly what you need to have is you need to have a directory and in your Linux books and dump all of the subfolders and files that you want any type. It could be compressed, it could be JSON, it could be encoded MIME and what it does, it goes through each single one of them and it starts extracting the files. If it is a compressed file, it's going to uncompress it. If it is like having many different subfolders, like what my bus initially passed me, it's going to walk through each single folder and extract every single file and again, if it is in a mail format, it's going to download the mail attachments. So you're going to get a list of smaller files and then for each file, it's going to apply foremost in it. Now, when foremost gets applied, it's going to have sort of like children embedded objects in it and not only it's going to analyze the parent's file, but it's going to analyze all the children of the file and each one of them is going to be sent to the decoder and it's going to get analyzed through YALDA. Decoding files. Let me just put a pause here and see, like, just want to ask you how many of you do automated process for extracting information of a file? So the first thing that you would do is manual analysis. It's just like you have to know what you are looking for and you have to know what is this malicious file doing and then you would need to have a couple of samples to see what is common between these. The decoder part is actually written based on the same thing here that I told you. So based on the file type, how YALDA is designed based on the file type, it's going to apply, it's going to send the file to a set of decoders and then if there is a match with one of the decoders or more, it's going to just like flag it and go further and see what could be extracted from it. If there is any domain or URL that could be matched, it's going to extract it and then it's going to flag the file. Now, the decoders, the way that they are written is they, as I said, like a sort of like manual analyzer, detect the malware, detect the campaign and start analyzing them one by one sort of and see what is the common part that is being repeated. When you know that part, then you can start automation and you can write the decoder for it. That's how it's done actually in YALDA. Analyze non-malicious samples from fingerprints. CVE 2017, 0199, who heard of it? Yeah, cool. So we know that it's an RTF file with embedded OLA object and it has a link, something like this. And then analyzing all of them, we can just extract the comment section out of it because you see that it has a link to download the embedded doc and what it does is actually, as you see, this is the common part. So if you start sort of like parsing the file and write a regex for it to see if it is RTF file, go ahead and just like analyze it and see if there is a pattern match with these regex, then you could extract the URL just as in parentheses. This is like an analysis that is done in one of the RTF files. So these are the information that YALDA extracted. The MD5 SHA-1256, size of file, magic literal, file type, file name. And then the severity is five, the highest severity and it's like that's malicious. This is the domain that has been extracted from this particular file. There is no P section, of course. The source is YALDA mining data. This is just an indicator that I used. And VTE info, if you want to have information, this is like the AV engines that are able to detect it and paramelling to get detailed information from VirusTotun. Your list, it's empty because I didn't apply any other rules on it. This is actually the dictionary format of the output of YALDA. And it's just like everything that I just told you, it is going to be in dictionary format and it's going to be inserted in database. If you're interested to have it in JSON format, it could be done easily and you can just have the information on a splunk. When I talk to analysts, usually they say that yeah, detecting a malware is just like a chain of detection and usually it's just not just one file, it's just combination of the steps that is being done. So it's really important to detect the first chain and then start analyzing it. So there was actually an email campaign that was going on and it was sending PDF attachments and none of the AV engines were able to detect it. When it was analyzed, we found out that there is a URL list embedded in the PDF file. The URL downloads JavaScript. JavaScript has a link to a URL, URL downloads and not the executable file. So it's just like a chain, right? But how about if you just like detect the first chain and just understand that okay, this is a PDF file and it is matching with this particular chain. We have the flag, right? We have the flag that this is suspicious at least and then we even can extract the URL that is the first URL that it's pointing so that we can just extract it, have the information and if you want, we can send it to Cuckoo Sandbox for detailed information. Applying URL rules. So I am not giving you any URL rules myself but YALDA is able to apply URL rules on the given files. There is just like a sort of like enable, disable line that you need to enable or disable it in the config file and then you would need to pass some of the URL rules that interest you based on your needs in a directory. It goes to that directory if it is enabled and then applies every single URL rule to the file and if there is a match with one of the functions, it's going to extract the file and it's going to show you as a list of the files that has been extracted. So according to the match and according to the number of functions that are similar, it's going to get flagged as malicious, suspicious or clear with appropriate severity. YALDA is scoring is actually the brain in YALDA because everything so far that I told you you should know that there is a malicious file or there is a malicious campaign and then you have to write the decoder. So they are known. It's not like something new get detected but this method is somehow based on similarities and when I find, when actually YALDA finds a file and it's malicious, then it starts clustering the strings. So it applies clusters on strings and also if it is executable and it's detected as malicious it's getting the PE sections, the name section of it and then Shannon entropy and it clusters the information. So it's something like this, see. The file is detected as malicious. I'm applying strings and get all of the strings out of it and also a Unicode string out of it, the Unicode strings and then making a list and cluster the information in another collection. There is a file that I have no idea about. Like none of my decoders were able to detect it and none of the YALDA rows were able to detect it. Still I apply the strings on it and now based on the similarities that I find with these strings, the list of strings found here and the list of malicious strings in my database, I start scoring it. How many files has been detected malicious that are having similar strings as the list of this file? So if this score goes higher, I would say that, yeah, it is suspicious. It needs more analysis. So it's based on the similarities. Same thing is applied for the name in P sections and Shannon entropy. Name of P sections, if the file is executable and if it is malicious, I'm getting it and then I convert it to Shah one. And also the entropy, the Shannon entropy, I'm just collecting these two and I'm using and logic for these two and the malicious hash and all of this information are being clustered somewhere. Now it's just sort of like a scaling again, scaling of the file that right now I'm seeing and see what are the similarities. If it is executable, then what are the similarities between these two? And based on the similarities and the scoring that I said the threshold, then I'm going to flag it as suspicious. Now, white listing, who handles feats and yeah. So you guys know that whole life is when you have false positives, right? And you start using all of the possible scenarios and all of the cases for white listing. You're going to have manual white listing. You're going to have a lot of different sources and still you have some false positives, right? So to avoid such a thing in Yalda, I started saying that, okay, fine, I'm going to use the traditional way. I'm going to use a log file for white listing. But at the same time, how about just like clustering the good guys instead of just clustering bad guys? So how about white listing the clear files, the ones that I know that they are clear and they are not malicious and then extract that information for using it as white list. So as Yalda is running more samples, it's going to extract more bad stuff and good stuff at the same time, right? So the white listing is getting stronger as the detection of malicious hashes also get stronger. So as I said, I'm just like applying strings on clear file and clustering it and also I'm clustering the PE section names and channel entropy of executable files that are known as clear.  Let's have a demonstration. So here I'm having three files in the folder and it starts analyzing the file. It's extracts the files and then in this case, it's downloading the attachments and you see that there are a list of domain lists that they are all malicious and it's extracting it. Also it goes and analyze each single file like in detail if there is any embedded object, it is going to extract it. Like in this case, it does have embedded objects. So it just like lists the list of embedded objects here like embedded files. And not only it has the detailed information of the file itself but it also analyzes the embedded file in it and it gives you information with a link to the parent. And everything is being inserted in the database as I mentioned. So YALDA sort of like minimizes false positive or better to be said, it has better correlation. So the way that we are doing YALDA scoring, we get more accurate results because as we are analyzing more samples, we are getting like a stronger results. The same thing for automated white listing that we are getting better results as we start analyzing more samples. And then this clustering that again, we are having better results. And then categorizing algorithm is somehow that I'm not saying that if I don't know like it doesn't match with my decoders, then I'm not going to say 100% it's malicious but it has enough high severity that you can select and say that, okay, this is suspicious and there's a flag going on. So I better start analyzing this set of files with this criteria because you have 20 indicators that we can select out of it. This is the GitHub. So you can go ahead and start downloading and using it. It's in Fidelis GitHub. So there are three folders like bin, source, YALDA rules.  If not, you don't have to worry about it. Bin has all the modules and functions as you see here. You can even go ahead. It's just like very straight format and you can just go ahead and if you want to add more decoders, you can do that. And the config file is something that I go through it in detail is very simple. It's just like a couple of lines that you need to specify the directories in it. And when you wanna run it, run this guy, YALDA file analyzer. So you would need to install the required Python modules and you would need, these are the Python modules that you would need. And this is the config file. You just go ahead and open it and start just adding the directories that you want or enable or disable. Like if you don't want to have virus total information or if you don't want to have sort of like YARA rule to be applied to it, you can say that zero, just like disable it. If you wanna sort of like have a printout, you can have debug one or you can just make it zero. And of course, because I'm using MongoDB, you would need to have a MongoDB installed and just specify the criteria that you're looking for. And to run it, you go to source and you start running its YALDA file analyzer and it starts analyzing each single file in detail and passes you the information. I'd like to talk to, thanks to John Bamenak, my boss, Hardik Modi and Chad Robertson and Jason Reeves. They actually gave me really great feedbacks for improving YALDA and really appreciate all of your feedbacks. So if you need to contact me or if you have any question, this is my email address or Twitter. And thank you so much. If you have any questions or feedback, thank you.


How's it going, friends and partners? My name's Roy, and welcome to the new series I like to call Freedom Flash Fridays, where I will be showing you all cheap or free ways that you can improve your photo, video, or editing for both. Whether you don't have the experience or even the funds to afford expensive photo or video programs, I'm here to help. I'll show you free or cheap programs that can help you improve the look of your channel, and not only that, I'll give tips along the way that you can just use in general with any programs. Today, we're taking a look at an online photo editor called Photopeed. Now, I haven't heard of this until a few weeks ago, but I can already highly suggest it. I've been playing around with it, and it's pretty much just Photoshop online. It provides all the tools you need and is ideal for thumbnail creators or banner creators or just channel art creators in general. But you can't quite afford that steep price of Photoshop. In this episode, I'll be showing off the tools of the program and will be preparing for the next episode of Freedom Flash Fridays, where we'll talk about making a thumbnail and putting all those tools together. So let's go. And here we are in Photopeed. Now, to get here, all you have to do is go to Photopeed.com and you will get this beautiful page right on your web browser. No downloading anything. So to start a new project, you all have to do is go to New Project. It's just that simple. You click on that and you're given all these different things. On what you're going to do, whether you're doing something social, like a Facebook page cover or a photo, like you're printing something out. What we want is this HD, which is 1280 by 720. And personally, I think you should set the resolution to 200. But that's just me. I also think that the transparent or the background should be put on transparent just so that you don't have to worry about an extra white layer. So once you have that figured out, then you're going to go to create and you'll have this when you see a background that is like this with the white and gray boxes. That means that it's transparent. So the first tool that I'm going to show you all is the gradient tool, which is right here. So how this works is here you have your two different colors. You can go choose your color. Let's go bright pink and here let's go. Let's go red. So here we have purple and red right there.  You can do that. Or if you hold shift, it'll automatically put it at an angle like that. Do you see that it's snapping to an angle? Or if you let go shift, you can move it freely like that. And then when you let go, you have a gradient transitioning from the first color here, where you started purple to the secondary color, which is red. Or if you start here and go here from purple to red and depending on the length of the line, it'll change the gradient. So the longer, the better the blend, the shorter, the less the blend. So it'll just be a solid line or it'll form into the other. The next is the text tool, which is right here. Now this is easy. A lot of people will be like, oh, let's just text box. But actually, I don't like doing that. I do not like to draw text boxes. I prefer just taking the text tool and clicking. And you'll see it'll put that there. And then you can type away whatever you want. And there you go. You can have that if you have auto transform tools on, then you can resize it and it'll automatically scale the font to the size that you want. So you can type away whatever you want. And there is your text. Now you may be thinking, OK, this text is good, but it's a little bland.  And I'll say, yes, the text is a little bland. So let me show you another tool that you'll be using when making thumbnails. And that is not actually over here, but instead it's down here with these buttons. Here you have effects or layer style. You click that and you'll get all these beautiful different options. You'll have things, bevel and emboss, stroke and so on. The things we're going to take a look at first are stroke. As you can see, it adds an outline to the text. You can change the size of it, super thick, super not thick. You can move it inside, center, whatever you want. Most people use outside just since it adds an outside stroke to it. And the second one that you'll want to use mainly is a drop shadow, which is here. You can change the angle. As you can see, the shadow is moving around the opacity, which will make it darker or not darker. The distance, which moves it closer or farther away from the text. And then the size, which is, of course, the size. And then you have noise, which is pixelation of it. Basically makes it look static. You've seen TV static. That's what noise is. Then, of course, there's the paintbrush tool, which is simple. You paint. It's a paintbrush tool. You can change the size here, size, hardness, which is the opacity of it. So you can see there's this sort of glow look on the end compared to when the hardness is full. And you just have that. You can also change the shape all on here. You could do, let's see, what do they have on here? This one, which looks more like a paintbrush. Just doing that. Let's switch to red so you can see some more like that. And then here you have the eraser. And of course, what does an eraser do? It erases. So you erase. You can just erase everything just like that. It's the exact same. The opacity, the flow, the size, the hardness. All the same as the brush, just with erasing it. Now you may be asking, that's all nice. I love drawing and I love erasing things, but I have some art that I want to use on my thumbnail or my channel art. And I say, that's great.  Let go. And there it is. There's your beautiful art, or in our case, our beautiful mold.  In this case, we want to blur out no little bit.  Well, that's easy to do, too.  And the one that I like to choose is Gaussian blur, in which you'll get this little menu here and you can make it ultra blurry to the point of no return or just a little fuzzy so that you can still see what it is. But it's not the focus. So you can do that. And then if you made your text visible, then you can see the text much easier than you could if Nold was just like that. As you can see, what do your eyes tend to go to first? Nold. And it's kind of hard to look at the text. But if you blur it, the text is clearly the focus that you want people to look at. This is important when making a thumbnail. And lastly, the all important thing of saving your art. How do you do that?  I save as a PNG just since that's what I'm used to. So you just click that. And then you have your quality. You want a hundred of course.  Then you just press save and it downloaded your art. And there you have it. Now you'll know what you'll need to use when making Channel art, banners, thumbnails, the works. Now, be sure to tune in next Friday where I put all these tools together to make an actual thumbnail and to give tips on what your thumbnails should have. Thank you all for watching. My name is Voya. I hope you enjoyed this first episode of Freedom Flash Fridays and I will see you all in the next episode.


Good morning everyone so welcome back to my channel this is Jomar Adams again and I just want to welcome everyone back and I hope you are all doing well. So for today I am very much excited to share to you what our lesson is all about for today and I hope you will be enjoying your opportunity and your moment to learn something new so let's move on. So we are going to talk about your what vector-borne diseases and for this moment I will be discussing a few um introduction to the different vectors and the diseases they cause and at the same time as we go along we will be discussing three of the major vector-borne diseases that are commonly encountered here in the Philippines and those are your dengue, your zika and your malaria okay so let's dig in so first let's define some very important terms for us all the first one is your vector of course so vectors according to WHO are any living organisms that can transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans so what we're trying to say here are vectors are any living organism be it an insect be it a particular animal so most of the things that we are going to talk about are actually flies, ticks aside from that you also have different insects that will be introduced to you today so those are your vectors so when we say vector-borne diseases on the other hand these are now human illnesses caused by parasites, viruses and bacteria that are transmitted by your vectors so it is not your vectors that actually causes the disease they're actually just the carrier of your agent or your pathogenic agent whether it is parasite a virus or a bacteria all of them are being carried or being transmitted by your vectors and according to WHO we have a couple of vectors that i want to introduce to you today the first one and the first one is actually very much important but before we dig in let us go first to serotype so what do we mean when we say serotype so these are group of organisms that are actually characterized by a common set of antigens so before we discuss what is an antigen and an antibody so these are actually a group of organisms and they are actually being group and on a common set based on their antigens okay so let's go on we also have your incubation period so your incubation period means this is the period between exposure of an infection and the appearance of the first symptom so the moment that you actually was exposed to that particular pathogenic agent and the moment that your first symptoms appear that is your incubation period so we have examples of vectors and i will be showing to you the different vectors and at the same time some of actually some of their the diseases they actually cause first and foremost okay let's go to the most common and the most best thing at times we have your mosquito and your mosquito can actually be a vector for several diseases we could actually have malaria your dengue your filariasis your japanese encephalitis your chickengunya in your zika so this types of actually if you're gonna look at it so most of this are actually from dengue your from dengue down most of this are actually viruses but you also have here your parasites like your malaria so these are actually examples of diseases caused by your most diseases caused by these pathogenic agent being carried by your mosquito so imagine how many diseases does your mosquito is carrying so you really have to be careful but later on will discuss deeper dengue zika and eventually your malaria so let's go to the next we also have your sand fly so your sand fly as you can see it's actually very cute if you're gonna look at it in the picture but you don't want to have this because it actually costs that actually carries the agent that causes your laser maniasis and it is also known as your sand fly fever or your plebotomus fever so your sand fly is actually a vector of your laser mania species that actually causes your laser maniasis on the other hand it also causes your sand fly fever at the same time you also have your triatomine bugs your triatomine bugs causes your chagas disease your chagas disease is actually at a tripanosomal um disease that is also known as your american tripanosomiasis so your chagas disease is also known as your american tripanosomiasis i am very much specific in saying american because as we go along later on we will also be encountering another one which is your african triatom triat tripanosomiasis at the same time i just want you to take down notes i just want you to um drop down in your notes that your triatomine bug is also known as your kissing bugs okay they are also known as your kissing bugs okay kissing all right so let's move on to the fourth example that we have we also have your black flies yeah we also have your black fly that causes your oncho seriasis this is all this is actually a um a disease caused by your oncho serca volvulus your oncho serca volvulus you also know um you also know that the the disease caused by your black fly as your river blindness okay it is also known as your river blindness so we also have aside from your black flies we also have your ticks okay so ticks it causes your Lyme disease and it all okay i'm sorry it actually causes your Lyme disease so it's very important for you to um remember your tick because why why is it because it causes your it causes your Lyme disease and your Lyme disease it's actually called it also known as your Lyme Borreliosis which is an infectious disease caused by your Borrelia okay it is actually caused by your Borrelia and to be specific what type of Borrelia species are we talking about this is actually an example of your um an example of um a tick born disease okay so actually what you see here are actually your that specific ticks that actually causes your that carries your Lyme disease are your isodes isodes species okay so going back again your Lyme disease is caused by your Borrelia is a type of Borreliosis specifically your Borrelia burgdorferi okay your Borrelia burgdorferi so if you are i hope you also have access to um handouts that i have given you so you can listen to me and work hand-in-hand alongside with your notes so again for your black fly we have your oncho seriasis also known as your river blindness again caused by your oncho serca volvulus your ticks also known also um specifically your ticks your isodes ticks cause carry your disease your Lyme disease also known as your Lyme Borreliosis that is being caused by your Borrelia burgdorferi all right so aside from that we also have your Cheche flies yes we have your Cheche fly and that is it actually causes your sleeping sickness okay it causes your sleeping sickness most commonly known um most um commonly known as well as your african tripanosomiasis okay a while back we were talking about your sand fly that causes your uh your triatomind bug rather your triatomind bug or your kissing bug causes your amer- american tripanosomiasis here your Cheche fly causes your sleeping sickness also known as your african tripanosomiasis and we also have here your mites okay your mites that causes either your scrub typus or all right your scrub your mites that causes your scrub typus your scrub typus is actually being caused the are you ready to hear this because this is kind of um this is actually kind of cool because the the causative agent for your scrub typus actually sounds like more of a harry potter spell and that is your oryensha chuchugamushi okay your scrub typus is being caused by your um gram negative bacteria also known as your oryensha chuchugamushi okay it's oryensha chuchugamushi that causes your scrub typus being carried by your mites all right let's move on you also have your snails all right okay so your snails can actually be carrying your schistosomiasis or your schistosomes rather that causes your schistosomiasis so we have your snails which are freshwater snails and so let me first um go deeper to your snail so most of our snails um are actually um found on freshwater and they can actually carry your schistosomes so most of the time the larva of your schistosomes are released in the water and it penetrates the skin the skin of humans so if you have heard of your elepentiasis your uh no your elepentiasis your the the philarial worm that causes your elepentiasis can also be found in your snail or your puhol aside from that you also have your other schistosomes that can actually cause your schistosomiasis aside from that we also have your lice okay your lice can actually cause two things your loose borne relapsing fever that is actually caused by another borrelia species which is your borrelia recurrentis okay so your borrelia recurrentis causes again your loose borne relapsing fever okay your loose borne relapsing fever so this is usually transmitted through small wounds in your mucous membrane or all the nose and mouth done by crushing the lice so sometimes it's not really that advisable that you crush your the lice with your with your fingers or or anything that is unprotected because it can actually be liberating the bacteria that is inside your lice aside from that um aside from your loose borne relapsing fever again caused by borrelia recurrentis we also have your typus fever okay so what about your typus fever on the other hand your typus fever is also being carried by your lice so the vector is again your lice but this one your epidemic typus fever is actually caused by another um pathogenic agent which is your riketsha prowazeki it's your riketsha prowazeki so it is actually transmitted through again similarly on how your your loose borne relapsing fever is being transmitted okay so as you can see your lice can actually carry i two pathogenic agent one is your borrelia recurrentis causing your relapsing fever and you also have your epidemic typus caused by your riketsha prowazeki so those are actually different examples of your vectors and there are still a lot if we're gonna name a lot more but for the sake of our discussion i will only be um we only covered those nine so from the mosquito that causes your dengue malaria so on and so forth down to your lice aside so today let's dig in now to a more specific disease or a more specific vector borne disease which is your dengue so your dengue is also known as your break bone fever so it is actually a severe flu-like illness that affects infants young children and adults so in short it actually chooses um it actually all member of the community is actually vulnerable to your dengue okay so it is actually used um being transmitted by two vector or to be specific two types of mosquito mosquito we have your aegis aegypti which is actually the primary vector of your dengue virus and you also have your aegis albopictus on the say on the other hand so your aegis aegypti is also known as your yellow fever mosquito and you also and your aegis albopictus is also known as your um asian tiger mosquito so these two are actually the common um the common vectors of your dengue the primary vector is your aegis aegypti and your aegis albopictus is actually the secondary vector so let's move on so talking about now so we know that your dengue has a break bone also known as a break bone fever some are actually calling it dhf or your dengue hemorrhagic fever as well again caused by aegis aegypti and aegis albopictus so your dengue to be more specific it's actually caused by a virus also known as your dengue virus so it actually it actually belongs to the family of flaviviridae and it actually have three um four serotypes you have your serotypes one two three four so that is dengue one dengue two dengue three and dengue four all of them are actually seen here in the philippines but the most common is actually your serotype three the reason why i had it underlined and also colored differently from the others because your dengue serotype serotype three is actually the most common here in the philippines okay so talking about its incubation period usually it actually around four to ten days before the first symptoms appear so the peak biting periods of our aegis species specifically your aegypti and your albopictus are usually early in the morning and actually evening before dus so most of the time if you actually observe more mosquito or biting at this time this is actually their prime time so might as well be more cautious about that so moving on now we'll let's talk about first the life cycle of our vector or the life cycle rather yeah the life cycle of our vector so adult the adult mosquito to be specific your female mosquito are the one that actually is carrying the diseases so female mosquitoes lay egg inside containers holding water but this is the the the thing here female mosquitoes can only be able to produce their eggs after feeding on human or animal blood okay feeding on human or animal blood so for male mosquito usually they feed on nectar from your flowers okay so they actually are somehow vegetarian if we're gonna say so unlike your female aegis alb aegypti and aegis albopictus they actually feed on human and animal blood to produce eggs so here you actually would observe that they actually feed on human and they can actually feed on animal your aegis aegypti primarily feed on humans only that's why it is a primary vector as well of your dengue but your albopictus can actually um your albopictus can actually feed on human and also in your animals okay so they need to feed on blood for them to produce your eggs eggs that actually usually are being laid on your watery lines so anything where where there is clean water they actually would niche there for their eggs so their eggs can actually hatch from a few days to several months and it actually starts to hatch after being submerged in your water so the eggs of your your your aegis muski species are actually very hard they actually stick to the wall of a container like a glue and they can even survive drying out for up to eight months and after being submerged to water they actually would begin to they actually would begin to um they would actually begin to hatch after being submerged in your water so moving on now moving on now we also have here after your adult after your egg of course next one would be your larva so your larva is the aquatic stage of your mosquito and it will develop into pupae in as little as five days so sa tagalog we actually have it as your kitikiti okay so um it is very important as as you all know most of the uh most of our most of our um most of our mosquito larvae are actually being seen in stagnant water abandoned stagnant water so that's why you have to really um clean up your surrounding when seeing some stagnant water because they can actually niche there so aside from that aside from your larva after being your larva again they will develop to your pupa in five days so in your pupa develop into an adult flying mosquito in just a couple of two to three days so within two to three days they will start pestering us 20 in the morning and early in the evening so again let's have a quick recap so from the egg being laid by again of course only your female mosquito okay your your egg it will now be hatched into your larva and then your pupa and then your adult mosquito now carrying your denge virus so this is actually a quick um a quick picture from the centers of disease control we have here your adult ages egypti so the female mosquito will lay eggs and it will hatch to your larva then it will be um it will develop to your pupa and in two to three days again it will soar and it will spread its wings and pester and feed in your blood so what about your denge virus okay so your denge virus again is a type of a flavivirus so as you can see your your flavivirus is actually an example of your um RNA virus so having said that similarly to your corona virus and similarly to almost all your viruses they do not have the capability to produce their own protein they don't have the machinery to produce their own DNA or in a nutshell their nucleic acid okay so that is the reason why they need to infect a particular cell or they need to infect um a particular cell for them to be able to for them to be able to hijack okay for them to be able to hijack the entire cell and the entire nucleus to favor them so the first thing that happened is that your virus binds to your cell and it will actually be fusing into your into the cell so that would be the entry of your virus and then it will now be started to liberate the genetic material in our case we have your RNA at the same time you also have here your reverse transcriptase your integrase and your protease at the same time as you can see very much similar again to your corona virus because they are both RNA viruses and the first thing that they need to do is to produce a complementary DNA out of that RNA so that will be the the job of your reverse transcriptase afterwards it will now start to produce the um uh the the after having your complementary DNA the second strand will again be made and then those um viral DNA now will start to will start to will start to replicate within your nucleus so the DNA the DNA virus will enter here and it will be integrated into the host cells DNA and then as long as with that after replication of the viral DNA it will now be trend it will now undergo transcription then translation where your protein starts to be produced and then carrying now the viral DNA here again it will now start to have your variant assembly and then it will now be released thereby liberating more of your dengue virus in your system so that is how your dengue virus um that is how your dengue virus enters your enters your cell okay so afterwards what do we see in patients with dengue by dengue fever your dengue hemorrhagic fever so this are the clinical presentations that they actually have first we have your febrile phase your critical phase and your convalescent phase so these are actually three phases of your um three phases of your dengue fever so let's start with the first let's start with the first one so the first one is your febrile phase so the onset of your the onset of your your febrile phase is actually sudden aside from that aside from that when it comes to your when it comes to your febrile stage the usual duration is from two to seven days it actually from two to seven days so some symptoms include severe headache muscle joint and bone pain we also have your macular and macu popular rash we also have minor hemorrhagic manifestation so as you can see some of the symptoms are actually very much similar to your flu aside from that you also be you will start to observe peticye which are this one and you also have your echinosis and your pa and this is your echinosis your echinosis actually looks more similar to your hematoma but your hematoma that is actually caused by an a um unsuccessful or erroneous phlebotomy but your echinosis this is actually caused by or this is actually a manifestation of a particular disease aside from that you also will observe a positive to trinicate test results so i'll be discussing what is trinicate test as we go along when we reach the different um when we reach the different um when we reach the different tests used for to detect your dengue so aside from that we go to your critical phase so your critical phase will actually occur within 24 to 48 hours so this is now where much of the more serious symptoms starts to appear appear so the first one is the fervescence so the fervescence and then your plasma leakage and then eventually hemorrhagic manifestations like your hematemesis hematokizia and hematemenoragia so menoragia so these are actually the hemorrhagic manifestations that will be observed when it comes to your when it comes to your dengue dengue fever so maybe you're wondering what is plasma leakage what is um what is your what plasma leakage is all about so plasma leakage is actually a process in which the protein reach fluid component of the blood leaks from the blood vessel into its surrounding tissue so you all know now that when in your blood that is actually majority of your blood is actually compost of your plasma okay it is actually composed with your plasma and the moment that your plasma start to leak out out of your blood vessel going to surrounding tissue that is your plasma leakage and your plasma leakage is actually a um is a sign of your critical phase when it comes to your dengue hemorrhagic fever so i'll go through that later after the convalescent um the convalescent phase so convalescent phase this is now the time where resolution there is a resolution of your symptoms symptoms symptom starts to appear in your body start to cope up with the virus so this is now the time where there is a normalization of your blood status and so after that you will start recovering from dengue hemorrhagic fever so for your dengue hemorrhagic fever we actually have a grading for that okay we actually have a grading for that so first we actually um the first thing that we check is the fever with non specific constitutional symptoms so what we do here um is first to perform your tourniquet test so we will now start to observe the appearance of your petic k okay the appearance of your petic k so after that after that is grade grading one we actually grade it two okay so in addition to what you see in in your grading one which is fever and then a positive tourniquet test so that is grade one dhf or dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf grade two is actually um alongside with grade one symptoms and spontaneous bleeding in addition so there is other bleeding so you have your hermone sign your petic ye your gums are bleeding as well you have melena black taris tool you have low platelet counts because the the normal platelet count is 150 000 to 400 000 cubic millimeter of your platelet so aside from that there is an increased hematocrit so the increased hematocrit is actually due to your plasma leakage aside from that so this is actually your your hermone sign or your petic k so that is grade two we call it grade three if circulatory failure is now um being observed in addition to your grade two symptoms so what are the usual signs that we see we have your cold clammy skin so we we say cold clammy skin as alongside with that there is a low blood pressure increased pulse rate and and respiratory rate so cold clammy skin actually if you're gonna i don't know if it's clear on your screen so i a cold clammy skin skin or hand is a palm that is actually very um unusually dumb okay so napapawis ang iyong mga palad okay so aside from that that is for grade three but a more serious um a more serious one would actually be your grade four dengue hemorrhagic fever where there will be there is actually a profound shock a hypovolemic shock in addition to your grade three symptoms so hypovolemic shock profound shock or dengue hemorrhagic your dhf shock is actually because of the plasma leakage so generally this is your grading okay this is your grading so we have your dengue fever or dengue hemorrhagic fever so fever with two or more of the following so leukopenia we say leukopenia when there is a low wbc count trombocytopenia if there is a low platelet count but um so so but with no evidence plasma loss so we call it dengue fever okay dengue fever but we call it now dengue hemorrhagic fever when there is actually a start of a more serious um symptom so that is from grade one grade two grade three grade four so i hope you would actually review this because this might actually come out in your final homework that will be coming out very soon so let's discuss now your plasma leakage so what you see here is actually the the progression of your plasma leakage so what happens first is this one of course after being infected your dengue your dengue virus are present now in vivo inducing widespread mass cell activation so your dengue what happens is that your your your dengue virus your dengue virus will actually start to um be detected by your mass cell okay it will actually induce the activation of your mass cell your mass cell is a type of a wbc that is usually found directly on your vascular endothelium so endothelium that in that can actually increase the permeability thus inducing vascular leakage so your mass cell okay your mass cell your activated mass cell can actually secrete extracellular granules similar to your your vasophil so actually they contain your histamine and your heparin so these are your mass cell so the moment that your dengue virus um activates your mass cell your mass cell now will start to secrete their external your extracellular granules that will now act upon into your your your blood vessel what does this cause so the mass cell derived factors the intracellular granules that has been secreted are actually um the one responsible in increasing vascular permeability promoting now a pathological loss of in of vascular integrity to be exact what happened is that the what happened in your cells is that your vasoactive mediators actually increases the blood vessel size in diameter and it actually um responsible in breaking down the glycocalyx which is a barrier of your endothelial cell so one of the main um mass cells um one of the major mass cell um product here so as you can see serums concentration of your muscle specific product like your timase start to increase which is correlated with the human disease severity so what happens this timase which is a major protease secreted by your mass cell are the one that induces a vasculopathy in within your blood vessel so what you can do is actually to prevent that to reduce that to reduce mass cell by using targeting drugs similar like your monteluca your chromoline and your ketofin okay your ketofin okay so these are the usual drugs that are being used so it is very much important for you to treat it immediately because if not treated it may progress to dengeshock syndrome okay dengeshock syndrome and aside from that it's not just the mass cell that is being um recruited in this blood vessels but also other immunological cells okay so that's how your plasma leakage happen again because of the mass cell the factors that your plat your mass cell have produced or secreted plasma will start to leakage because of the increased permeability of your cell aside you off your blood vessels rather so aside from that we have principal symptoms so again high fever and at least two of this following severe headaches severe eye pain joint pain muscle or bone pain rash mild bleeding and manifestation and low white blood count cell aside from that you also have this warning signs so if you actually observe severe abdominal pain persistent vomiting bleeding gums vomiting of blood rapid breathing fatigue and restlessness you really need to take your patient into the emergency room for a more intensive healthcare service and prevention so how do we diagnose your dengue fever or your dengue hemorrhagic fever we actually have a couple of tests the first you want to do is to screen it you have to screen whether or not this is actually dengue fever or dhf or not or just a simple flu so what you do is your ternicate test okay your ternicate test and of course your complete blood count your blood will be collected by your medical technologist process it in the laboratory check your wbc and your platelet counts aside from that you have your ternicate test so i'll i'll go on with the ternicate test afterwards so we also have your confirmatory test your confirmatory test are actually your dengue ns1 antigen where we detect the particular um antigen that is specific to the dengue virus again i mentioned it to you that your antigen or your epitopes are very specific to a particular organism although some can cause cross reactivity it is actually very much specific still aside from that we also have your dengue immunoglobulin g and immunoglobulin m again with first this during the class we had this cause the five classes of your immunoglobulin so the most abundant is your igg although your igg is usually seen so please write it down your igg is actually the type of immunoglobulin that is usually found during the later stage of the disease and the igm is the first one that increase or the first antibody or immunoglobulin to be produced by your plasma cells that produces your antibodies so aside from that you also have your gold standard we have your polymerase chain reaction okay and you also have your nucleic acid test so your polymerase chain reaction is very important why because um specifically your reverse your rtpcr your reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction so we have your rapid gates this is the first one on top is your ns1 rapid gate and your dengue igg igm we call it in the laboratory as dengue duo because you're trying new you're trying to detect two antibodies so you're trying to figure out whether it is a a new or an early infection dengue early dengue fever or already on its later stage aside from that we go now to your ternicate test so what the what do we do during ternicate test is of course we take the patient's blood pressure so we inflate the cough to appoint midway between your systolic and your diastolic and maintain that for five minutes and afterwards you reduce and wait for two minutes and you wait for the appearance of your petic yay to be honest i actually experienced this when i was a kid i actually had dengue before and the first thing that they do is actually your ternicate test and then your complete blood count what they did is actually to similar to what they did here your rumple did test that they actually used a blood blood pressure cough and then inflate it in a particular systolic diastolic and they actually start to rubber band to rubber band that and then i would actually have to to have my hands close open it's actually very painful at that time but it actually was their way to induce the appearance or induce the the appearance of your petic yay so afterwards there is a positive ternicate test so again this is grade 1 dhf positive um ternicate test when there is a greater than or equal to 10 petic yay per one square inch of your skin so usually you're gonna observe that in your mid anti cubital fossa okay your anti cubital fossa you will be observing that there okay maybe you're wondering where is your anti cubital fossa i cannot show it to you right now but i trust that you know this so remember you are finding the basilic vein okay when you're doing your blood pressure so you find your basilic vein the one towards your the mid chagital plane so the one nearest to your body the one that is actually just on top of your your radial your brachial artery so that that one is your anti cubital fossa all right so blood transfusion so maybe you're asking sir when does a patient with dengue fever needs blood transfusion to be exact um to be exact the thing that they need is actually your um either a platelet concentrate or a fresh frozen plasma but sell them do they request for a whole blood or a pack red cell okay so that are different components of your blood so when do they need to be transfused with with blood so this now um will happen when the platelet count in your adult start to drop as low as 50 000 cubic millimeter and for your pediatric patient as low as 20 000 cubic millimeter so imagine the normal is actually 150 000 to 400 000 cubic millimeter and they only have 50 okay so that is actually um very very low okay so you have to have your you need to have your blood transfusion immediately so both with active bleeding okay so adult with low platelet count and with active bleeding so that is all about your dengue fever and your vector-borne disease i'm cutting it here um i'm cutting it here so i'll be discussing on our next video your zika virus and your malaria so thank you very much for um watching this video don't forget to hit the like to share it to your classmates to share it to anyone that you know would really need it and do not forget to subscribe to my channel to be updated for the latest video uploads that i will be making this week so thank you very much for um for watching and have a great day ahead of you so again do not forget to sign up with a google form so that i would know that for if you're my student and you watch this please do not forget to sign in in your google in your google form for you to be able to have your attendance recorded thank you so much so i will be seeing you on my next video so thank you and god bless