Hey guys, hey, you know what day it is? That's right. It's nifty freakin tool day today right here with the rest belt mechanic We've got a fresh set of nifty tools for you guys to enjoy Quite a few wrenches that I picked up over the last couple weeks and a new snap on light So stay tuned and we'll get rocking through these So for those of you who are just now tuning into the channel every once in a while Usually every other week or so I like to have a nifty tools of the week episode Where I go through some newer tools that I've picked up over the last couple weeks and I've got a chance to use and Maybe these tools are going to be the ones to be able to help you guys out Just like they help me out on my day-to-day job working as a mechanic here at the dealership So today I've got a quite a few different wrenches here If you guys know and have seen my toolbox tour before you'll know that my wrench game was Kind of on the weak side. I had enough to get by But I'm missing some and these are the ones that I picked up here recently To be able to fill in the blanks of what I was missing. So first up here on the list We have this set from Matco. This is the flat wrench set part number is TW8047M This is a seven piece wrench set ranging in size from 9 all the way up to 19 These are extremely handy for those of you guys who are working in really tight quarters You find yourself not being able to get these gear drive wrenches or even a standard wrench onto a fastener You just have a little bit of room and you need to tighten up or loosen that bolt just a little bit more But can't do it. You don't want to get a you know a pair of pliers on there and mess the threads up So we ended up getting these from Matco as you guys can see they're extremely thin Here compared to what would be the SP tools wrenches that we've got Really really thin and you guys would think Well, I would say they're gonna be pretty flimsy and floppy No, that is definitely not the case even the smallest one here. I Really have to try Hard to get these things even flex at all and I've got no flex back to where they were at before So this kind of set is really good in those certain areas where you just can't fit a full-size wrench and need to have that Set where you guys can get them in The set is a little bit on the costly side from what you guys would think that it would be Runs right around a hundred and fifty dollars on the Matco truck No, I'm sure there's a couple other manufacturers out there who might come out with something like this or make them but because of the Matco guy coming to my shop and Having these exactly when I needed them. I ended up picking them up from him and I would definitely recommend them for you One of the biggest things that I ended up using these on was a fuel pressure Regulator on a Cummins. There is like little to no room between This snorkel and the fuel pressure regulator can't even get a standard wrench on to that one So this one helped out big time this last week working on that Cummins I would definitely recommend for you guys to pick up a set of these today Moving to a slightly larger set and it is our second set of wrenches for this evening is going to be from SP Tools USA This is their 12 piece metric 15 degree offset Reversible with speed drive ratcheting wrench set This is going to be a 12 piece set ranging from 8 millimeter all the way up through 19 millimeter comes in this nice little to-go case where you can roll it up and Strap it on together and you're able to take it wherever you need to go now If you've seen the other wrench sets that I've done reviews on before Ranging from the Matco all the way to the snap-on ones You'll know that prices a big difference between these ratcheting wrenches These are a 72 tooth design and they also have a really small work area for the switch head It sits really flush nice even with the head it is a 15 degree offset wrench and the actual mechanism inside of these you guys can hear is A very nice fine tooth 72 tooth ratchet set you've got five degrees or less for per each tooth to grab to them and The really cool thing about these wrenches is not only do they have that high quality ratcheting into them but we've got a Somewhat speed drive ratchet version for the open end to them The design that they have here on this speed drive ratchets is really quite ingenious I know there's been quite a few other manufacturers out there, but I have used some here and there I haven't done any reviews on them But I noticed how they slip a lot and slip quite easily the teeth on this one are Actually quite grippy and I've not had one slip yet. You can see the actual mechanism here It is able to kind of slip ratchet one direction and Grip in the other and then all you would have to do is flip it around It's going to slip the one direction and grip in the other. This has a very amazing finish No misses to any of the chroming on the inside So you're not going to have any chips come off and slipping on any of the fasteners as you can see This is one that is already actually pretty rounded and very well beaten. So it has gripped on to this one Extremely well now you're not going to get any kind of grip kind of like an fdx socket style But in those areas where you just don't have enough say open space to get the full size of the ratcheting box wrench on there. You're just able to put this on there and Ratchet that fastener loose or tighten exactly how you need it without the space of needing To use that ratcheting portion The other deciding factor that you might want to look into this wrench set for is the cost now if you're going to compare this one to like a Matco Set that is going to be from just standard eight millimeter all the way up to 19 millimeter without the Speed drive end to it. Just a standard end. They're going to run like right around 395 dollars 400 dollars and then if you go to the snap on like 82 82 ratchets the ratcheting wrenches, they're going to run upwards of $520 for that whole set over $500 for a ratcheting wrench set these ones are going to knock you out of the water at $241 I will be sure to put the links down in the description below if you'd like to get your hands on a set of these today I definitely would recommend them and they've saved my butt already this week. Make sure you guys check them out Third on our list of Goldilocks style adventures on wrenches We've got the big mammoth jammas where the last set of SP tools USA wrenches ended at 19 millimeter This set picks it back up 20 millimeter all the way up to 32 millimeter part number on this set It's an eight-piece metric drive set. It's going to be SP 10118 Also comes in this nifty little carrying package where you're able to roll it up and take it wherever you need to Double straps here to be able to Velcro that one together because of the weight of it same style design Just in a bigger package. You can see these quite a bit better They are very very heavy-duty and very well made the Ratcheting wrench mechanism and the switch panels are going to be just like the other set except for this style is going to be the Standard open-end wrenches. They do have the standard open-end wrenches for the smaller ones, but those are the ones I was able to view today 72 tooth ratcheting and when you're talking about ratchet wrenches that are in this size They are hard to come by especially in quality ratcheting wrenches I had picked up a couple of them just to fill in the sizes of the ones that I need prior to this Not too many manufacturers make ratcheting wrenches anything larger than really 24 millimeter They do have some in the cheaper brands husky Proto does have a couple of them, but also very expensive and usually don't come in a nice set like this one The finish on it is also fantastic just like before 72 tooth design you can hear these big ratchet wrenches click away. I Was able to use this set this last week doing a couple of alignments Getting into some of the front suspension components on the larger diesel trucks the 5500s the 4500s And they were just absolute beasts There's not too many times when you need wrenches like this at least in my portion of the field where I'm at But when you need them you really need them and a high quality set like this is Fantastic to have in your arsenal now when we're talking about price-wise on these That's where they also seem to shine if you're buying these in a set Which is really hard to find in other manufacturers You're going to be spending upwards of 606 50 maybe even 700 bucks for large really high quality ratcheting wrenches So if you buy them individually for the cheap ones normally you can find those online for about 35 to 40 dollars a piece This high quality set all here what you need it does skip a couple of sizes here in between there But it's really comprehensive to what I've found that I'd need them for I really didn't find that I would need anything else that is missing in this set Where this set shines is going to be the price on this one Normally they run right at four hundred dollars, but right now SP tools is running a sale on these 312 bones is what you can pick up this big boy Mamma Jamma eight-piece ratcheting wrench Large set for so I will leave the link down in the description below where you guys can go check these out for yourselves Stepping away from our Goldilocks stories of finding the right wrench for you. We're going into the light We've got a new light from snap on. This is the snap on e Card zero six two this is the upgrade from the e-carb light that I have been previously using and Absolutely love same generic style, but just a little bit bigger a little bit brighter a little bit better If you're able to handle the extra we'll say two and a half to inches of length on it Not really much different in width Maybe an eighth of an inch difference there not really that bad But this one does have quite a bit of a difference on Illumination out the front as you can see dual button design The upper button is going to turn on the end of the flashlight That's going to give you a 300 lumens spot lamp right out the end just as a standard flashlight You can hold the button and it's going to be able to dim up and down to what you need it to Just like before Also, it is usb-c chargeable just like the e-carb light also So you're not going to any kind of different chargers or anything along those lines Battery life. I've found on this one has been pretty decent so far The battery must be upgraded from the e-carb light because even on full illumination on both lamps on this working inside I've got about three and a half hours of use out of it and then when we flip up the beam here We've got two beams instead of just the one on the e-carb The lower button here is going to activate the first side and then we hit the button a second time It's going to activate the light on the other side. A third time is going to shine it on both sides Also able to hold the button and the lights are going to dim Bright and flash on their end points Hold it again and the light will get More bright to that extent when you shine just one side of this light You're going to be looking at right around 600 lumens of light holding it out with two Lights going out inside of a vehicle. You're going to be working that with right at 800 lumens, which is Fantastic for a hand-held light in our working area today Now the only difference is that I don't like between the difference of the e-carb and the e-card light is going to be the Battery indicator the e-carb light has these indication points. We'll step up right here Across the front and there's going to be four little LEDs across the front here They're going to be green green green you get down to the bottom and it's going to go out So you can tell it which state of charge that one sat The e-card light has one single light. It's going to turn on when it's on and off when there's Little to no battery power it'll turn on green when you're charging or you're at full charge and then go to red Just to tell you it's on that's about it So there's not really any kind of Indicator for your battery life on it, which I think it kind of sucks Especially when you get into the price point of a hundred and fifty bones for a light with the Standardized rating on this one being pretty much waterproof on top of it is why I ended up going with it I dropped my lights in coolant and nasty stuff all the time So having a light that is nice reliable and as bright as this one is definitely needed Even if I have to pay for a premium on it I definitely recommend it even though the negative part of the battery indicator But it's been working absolutely perfect for the last two weeks of me using it And I'd still recommend for you guys to give this one a try And now we move into our bonus round on the Matco truck this week after I ended up purchasing Or a couple weeks ago after purchasing the rat the wrench set as well as a couple other things that will be coming very Shortly for upgrades on the toolbox We ended up getting a little dog treat here This is actually still going to have a standard part number MTC dog bone for that wrench loving dog that you might have nylon dog bone sold by Matco I think they if you were to sell them, I think they're like five or ten bucks But my Matco guy was cool enough and he gave it out on promotion for purchasing other things Something neat that if you guys know me, I'm a dog lover and my dog's gonna love this one That's about all I've got for this week in the way of nifty tools Now if you guys haven't been paying attention to the channel over the last couple of weeks one of the videos that you need to check out is my review on the SP tools mini impact Half-inch gun so I did a review on this one this past week And I teamed up with SP tools to do a killer giveaway for all of my subscribers I will put the link to that video down below in the description as well as in the card above I went in depth on all the thoughts that I had about this impact gun and how Absolutely amazing it is it might even get you guys to switch back to using some air tools again for to try this one out So with SP tools, we're gonna be doing a giveaway We're giving away a brand new one of these mini impact guns along with a five-piece Stubby socket set along with it. We're gonna be doing the drawing for that one next Thursday coming up on the channel Make sure you guys flip over to that video to find out how you can get involved in Getting a free half-inch mini impact gun the three things that you're gonna have to do is be subscribed to the Rust Belt Mechanic subscribe to SP tools USA over on Instagram and In that video's comments, you're gonna put the words enter me That's all you got to do to be entered to win this $250 value SP tools mini impact gun if you didn't want to wait for the actual giveaway to come along and you guys Really liked this impact as it is over on their site. They run right around $300 But with the code RB impact right here above They're gonna be running a sale for you 250 bucks you can get one of these all on your own I've got some really amazing things coming up on the channel coming up So make sure you guys hit that subscribe button turn on the bell notifications So you can get notified when I come out with cool awesome videos just like this one today We've got more coming up for the Duramax working with some amazing companies on that one We've got some lighting coming for it as well as some toolbox Editions here for the snap-on one at home as well as some organization for the SP tools one and hopefully a SP tools toolbox tour for the house as well Make sure you guys stay tuned in for that one The biggest thank you this week is gonna go to you my subscribers We are coming up on the 19,000 mark which gets us ever so close to that big old 20,000 subscriber mark and I have something huge planned for a 20,000 subscriber Giveaway it's gonna be absolutely amazing. You guys won't believe it when it comes out So make sure you guys share some of these videos and get some people to subscribe because the faster We get to 20k the faster we can get to this massive giveaway. I want to thank you everybody again I appreciate it and as always you guys stay awesome


My name is LaShondra Price. I am Chief of the Health, Inequities and Global Health Branch at the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. And I'd like to welcome you to the seventh lecture of the Genomics and Health Disparities lecture series. This series is a part of an ongoing dialogue about how innovations in genomics research and technology can impact health disparities. In addition to NHLBI, the series is co-sponsored by four other partners, the National Human Genome Research Institute, the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, and the Office of Minority Health at the Food and Drug Administration. Speakers have been chosen by these five organizations to present their research on the ability of genomics to improve health for all populations. The speakers in the series approach the problem from different areas of research, including basic science, population genomics, and translational and clinical research. We are honored today to have Dr. Herman Taylor Jr. as our speaker. Dr. Taylor is an endowed professor and director of the Cardiovascular Research Institute at Morehouse School of Medicine and a nationally recognized cardiologist. His current research predominantly focuses on preventive cardiology, and his teaching is aimed at building research capacity at minority serving institutions and enhancing the health of minority communities through research and health activism at the community level. Dr. Taylor may be most well-known for his leadership of the Jackson Heart Study, the largest community-based study of cardiovascular disease among African-Americans, funded by two of our sponsoring institutes today, NHLBI and NIMHD. His extensive experience in epidemiological observation has led him to a deeper appreciation of the urgency of community-level intervention as a priority, as well as a keen interest in broadening the diversity of disciplines and scientists focused on the problem of health disparities nationally and globally. A graduate of Princeton University, Taylor earned his medical degree from Harvard Medical School, trained in internal medicine at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, my alma mater, and completed a cardiology fellowship at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Please help me welcome Dr. Herman Taylor. Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. It is a great pleasure to be here with you. I'd like to begin my remarks with a brief story. After leaving the Jackson Heart Study and relocating to Atlanta and Morehouse School of Medicine, one of the first people I met was a gentleman who somewhat aggressively called me and got me on the phone with my new assistant, led him through by phone. And he said, Dr. Taylor, I'm interested in your work. I've followed your career, and I'd like to hear more about some of the things that you're interested in. Could I come over? I said, well, certainly. And he made an appointment. So the day came, and in walks this gentleman, he is gray-haired and looked a little different than I expected from the vigor in his voice. He handed me a sheet of paper, and it gave his most recent physical exam. And it said, this man appears young, and then is stated age. He is about 140 pounds, about 5 foot 6. He has normal vitisines. And his physical exam is normal, although he does complain occasionally of a little bit of hip pain. His labs were entirely normal, except for a creatinine of 1.3. And everything else was unremarkable. It was a clean bill of health. I looked at the gentleman. I asked him how old he was. I'll tell you later, that's the punchline. But he cut the visit short, because he had to be on his way. He had to go and visit a friend of his who was his sergeant in World War II, who was ailing. This gentleman was 92 years old. His friend was 101. Both of them were African-American. Now, why do I tell you that story? I'll briefly today just point out to you that heterogeneity is an important concept to keep in mind when we're talking about African-Americans and their health. There has been a huge and important emphasis on disease and death as being excessive and premature among African-Americans. However, that is an incomplete story. I want to offer that we today briefly consider three dimensions of health disparities, race, risk, and resilience. American race-based health disparities, as you all know, are real, pervasive, and quite persistent. The last 30 years has given us really a very important era and a deluge of literature that has given us the outlines of this problem and made it indisputably a fact of how we view American health. Group comparisons are often the way that we dramatize the disparities. They're useful, but they may contribute to a monolithically negative view of Black health and I think obscuring some opportunities. Black resilience is overlooked and I believe that its study may offer fresh insights. This is a slide that all of the cardiologists and cardiovascular research people are overly familiar with. That is that heart disease is a problem. It is the number one killer. It has been so for a long time despite the fact that there has been a dramatic decline over the last half century and more in the deaths from cardiovascular disease. Some of that owing to possibly some of these landmark labelings, this annotation up and down above and below this line showing the trend. I won't go into each of these, but these are important advances along the way that Betsy Naval and Eugene Brownwell put together a few years back. Of course, that dramatic improvement in the public's health with regard to cardiovascular disease has another side to it and that is the fact that over that time there has been an increasingly evident and discouraging disparity that's emerged even though Black and white have seen improvements. The gap is there and widening and all of this really led to an important effort on the part of then HHS Secretary Heckler to call together a working group, a task force rather, to put together this landmark report. I think most of you are probably familiar with this and it really did usher in an era of seminal discovery and publications that, again, let the world know about the disparities in knowing certain terms and that approach has been, again, very, very fruitful. It's taught us things about excess deaths among Blacks and other groups, access and equities of a variety of sorts, risk factor differences that obtain in both groups, the potency, the great potency of social determinants of health. And a lot of this has led to the desire to get more granular data on the underpinnings of a persistent epidemic among African-Americans. And I was pleased to be part of a major effort to get more granular detail on the African-American health experience with regards to heart disease and diseases of the circulation called the Jackson Heart Study, a great idea to look in Framingham style at a population of African-Americans living in the deep South and to try to, again, get to the bottom of the underpinnings of a persistent epidemic. Great idea, but not something that was easily accomplished just briefly about the Jackson Heart Study. There was not overwhelming embrace of the study at first. As you can see, here were some of the attitudes that we confronted when we began polling people back in 1998 before the start of the study in 2000. During that two-year interim period, there were a lot of meetings, a lot of interaction with the population, a lot of surveys, focus groups, and a developing of an approach that is in large measure the community-based participatory approach, which I think was, in fact, the key to us being able to pull the Jackson Heart Study off. I mean, consider for a moment. Jackson is, what, 200 plus miles from Tuskegee where some bad things happened that were in the memory of the people that we wanted to be a part of this study. And beyond that, in 1998, there was a new movie called Ms. Evers Boys starring Lawrence Fitzburn and Alfred Woodard that dramatized this whole thing. That same year, President Clinton apologized for Tuskegee. So Tuskegee was very much front of mind for Black Southerners who were being asked the question. We're here from the government, essentially, and we want to do a study just on Black people. Are you ready for that? So it was something that we had to grapple with. And thanks to a community that was in part motivated by this steady drumbeat of bad news about Black health, it was their acceptance and building trust among them, which was led by our approach of involving them from the ground floor that led to the success of the Jackson Heart Study, which, as I think you know, is still going forward today. Here are some members of that community that we are forever grateful to. And granular indeed. So we got a lot of information, and we've created perhaps the most thoroughly phenotyped group of African-Americans that you can find. And the Jackson Heart Study remains, as a brief aside, very collaborative and anxious to work with people who are bringing good ideas for analysis of the comprehensive data set. That's just one of the high-tech things that's available. That is MRI studies. Everything from simple analyses and comparisons like obesity in Framingham versus Jackson, which led to perhaps a not surprising observation that in stage two obesity, the prevalence is three times as great among African-Americans in Jackson as whites in Framingham. In stage one, there's double the prevalence and only one third of the population being in the normal BMI in Jackson versus a Framingham standard. From those simple types of analysis to much more complex opportunities and now to analyze advanced variables such as left ventricular strain from MRI and a host of other things that I think are unique in all of epidemiology. All of this and more, there's not time to go in depth into the Jackson Heart Study and its database. But we are still, importantly, I think, focused on risk. This is one of the important recent papers to come out that talks about risk profiling, which represents, again, a positive piece of progress in that novel biomarkers and subclinical disease measures were employed to get a more refined prediction equation on the probability of an African-American developing a significant cardiovascular disease that came out of looking at a lot of the variables out of the Jackson Heart Study. But we still are looking at risk. And I think looking at risk, again, while valuable, misses an opportunity. So group comparisons, when you look at black versus white, you keep getting this story of whites up here, blacks down here. But those comparisons obscure successes within the African-American population. They obscure stories like the gentleman I opened up the story with and opened up the lecture with. And obviously, that's anecdotal. But I challenge you to ask any person of African-American descent about this and whether or not they know people like this. We all do. A lot of us see them in the front-row at church on Sunday morning. It is not an unusual phenomenon. Now, they themselves, 100-year-olds and the bigger study-year-olds, may be outliers, but they're there and they're there, I think, to teach us something. So instead of thinking of blackness as badness when it comes to health, note the facts. Yes, 50% of African-Americans above the age of 21 have hypertension. That's not good. That's bad. But 50% don't. And many people suggest that, given the stresses and strains of African-American life, that that number might be higher. You can imagine that. 85% of blacks don't have heart disease. While way too many do, substantial number don't. And I think most of you are aware of the interesting phenomenon that if blacks and whites reach an age of, say, 79 or 80, that African-Americans are at least as likely to live a long life and often outlive their white counterparts contrary to prevailing notions of black infirmity. Resilience, I think, to use a word, is an important idea that we need to look at in the African-American context, health maintenance in the face of risk that for some African-Americans is overwhelming and contributes to a deterioration in health and poor health statistics. But in others is not the factor. In fact, they overcome it and do well. Understanding the environmental individual promoters of cardiovascular health within the black population is vastly understudied. And I think important for blacks, important for health disparities, but important beyond African-Americans because we have this ongoing 300 year, if you will, experiment in social marginalization, deprivation, discrimination. These are facts of American history. We have that as a chronic stressor, but despite that, even today, there are African-Americans who are 100 years old, happy and vigorous. What is the key to that? Now, resilience obviously is not a new idea. It has its roots in medicine and social sciences in developmental psychology literature where it was noted many years ago that despite children having traumatic experiences, stressful adversities in their youth, the phenomenon of some of them not only maintaining and doing well, but some of them truly thriving has been observed over and over. That notion of resilience is usually spoken of in terms and measured in terms like the ones you see listed at these various levels. On the community level, social capital, for instance, family level and social unit, team work reduced stigma. On the individual level, things like mastery and even optimism, but the phenomenon of resilience is obviously noted in a variety of contexts with a nod to Dr. Hannah Valentine. We see in diseases like peripartum cardiomyopathy, why is it that some of the women who go through that terrible ordeal actually recover quite well as in this case, a woman whose ejection fraction dropped to 28%, recovered to 66% while others receiving similar care do not and they go on to heart transplantation, heart failure and heart transplantation. And even beneath the organ level, the notion and this is taken from the toxicology literature of cellular resilience. That is a cell exposed to say the LD50, that dose of a toxin that kills half the cells in a dish. Well, that other half lives, what happened, what distinguishes one from the other, one population of cells from the other. Here it's described in terms of starting with a baseline a naive cell having the cell undergo a stress in this model of toxin sets the cell off on basically one of two major pathways, a pathway of defense which could result in recovery and healing or even increased vigor, sort of increased toughness for this cell, robustness it says in this particular slide or a pathway of toxicity where the stressful event led to negative epigenetic imprinting let's say and put the cell on a pathway of long-term adverse outcome or a much more immediate negative outcome. So resilience on these levels I think needs to be a thought, a consideration, a construct that we embrace more fully. Again, the pattern naive stress result. Now, a natural thought is, well, you know, if we just get rid of all risks or study risks and just reduce those, won't that result in optimal health? Well, I think it's important for us to study risk and understand risk in the African-American population but it's also important to understand that risk doesn't tell us everything about what the phenomena we see that we use or that we understand to describe or characterize African-American health, particularly cardiovascular health. Here's just a couple of points. Factors that should reduce risk often don't appear to in the literature. So very often it's noted that blacks don't receive the same cardiovascular benefits from a high socioeconomic status, that great equalizer in most folks' eyes than whites. Social support has been noted by my psychology colleagues as not always as protective as it appears in whites. Some factors that should increase risk don't appear to. Some of the best outcomes in this study around the South led by Dr. George Rust formerly of Morehouse School of Medicine. Some of his best health outcomes were noted in the poorest of areas. Contextual factors that are protective in the North may be less protective in the South. There's all of this again heterogeneity that we don't fully understand and therefore can't fully exploit. When we look at the sum total of the literature we actually don't know a lot about the factors that promote resilience among blacks and that's an important omission. We feel that Atlanta offers a particularly good opportunity in terms of exploring these problems because Atlanta is an example of an American city where there is great heterogeneity among its population. I mean we've got people who obviously are down and out even to the point of homelessness. You've got Tyler Perry, you've got and everybody in between. The point being that there's a lot of black affluence in Atlanta, there's also black poverty. There's a lot of other diversity in terms of immigrant populations who are black. And there's a wide range as I'll show you in a second of cardiovascular health profiles that are represented in a place like Atlanta. Not that it's the only place, but it's an ideal place and as a lot of you know it's been called the Black Mecca of the South. Some DC natives might object to that, but that's what Ebony Magazine says so it must be true. And with an eye towards that opportunity we formed something that we called Mecca and I teamed up with some colleagues at Emory and of course my colleagues in the Cardiovascular Research Institute and across Morehouse School of Medicine to form the Morehouse Emory Cardiovascular Center for Health Equity. Health Equity is I think most of you know is in the DNA of Morehouse School of Medicine and it's what we live and breathe there. And think back to that naive stress result model. In disparities research we posit that black race equals risk. That sounds pretty dramatic when it's just said as a standalone statement. But I think all of you would agree that you've read paper after paper that has this in the conclusion, words like this. Independent of traditional risk factors African-American invaders have a two to three times increased risk in whatever is bad in that paper, right? Even after adjusting for relevant potentially confounding variables and so on. I mean it's been a steady drum beat, right? So black race equals risk in a lot of the literature that we read and consume every single day. Well we wanted to look at this idea of resilience after the chronic or while being chronically exposed to those aspects of being black that result in high risk and high cardiovascular risk in particular. And we're beginning to look at not only sort of a global impression but we're looking at three distinct levels. The contextual level that is, and we call it our population project where we're looking at neighborhood context and using the best instruments available to us. That'll include an objective and a subjective assessment of the environment. Objective limited by the data we're able to get from various databases. And subjective coming from this population of about 1500 people that we've interviewed by phone about the subjective experience of living where they live. Not in their county but down to the census tract level so we get as much of a microcosm of life as we can. And then the individual level which actually has two levels and we're calling these the clinical and the basic projects. We're looking at cycle social and behavioral aspects through interviews and using standardized instrumentation to assess these dimensions. And also we're attempting to get a look at the vascular and epigenetic fingerprints if you will of resilience by looking at people who evidence resilience by our definition and those who don't. And those who come from positive environments and those that are less positive. Okay, so the aim of the first project, the population project, again, compare, we're trying to paint a picture. We're trying to find those microenvironments that are particularly hazardous if you will from a cardiovascular standpoint. So we're gonna compare what we can. CV hospitalizations, emergency department visits and deaths among blacks across these communities across Atlanta. And the second aim is to elucidate factors that contribute to the community's cardiovascular resilience and risk at both the census tract and eventually the individual level and examine relationships between resilience and some of the standard risk factor scores. So this is what it looks like overall. There are 940 census tracts, a lot of census tracts in Atlanta and we're gonna try to distinguish the at-risk and resilient. That's the geographic spread. Atlanta eventually is gonna be all of North Georgia, but this is Atlanta right now. And in that red, we're gonna, again, look at select census tracts that meet the criteria we want. Now, this is how it looked. These census tracts with enough African-Americans to allow the calculation of the rates that we used to determine whether they are at risk or resilient. And it's interesting to see that sometimes they're right next door to each other. The ones with bad CBD health statistics are known as with great CBD health statistics. So we had these to choose from and what we did was select those, we selected a subset of these census tracts that a subset of about 214, I'm sorry, 224, that despite having similar, highly similar median black incomes because we know SES and income is a powerful predictor of positive cardiovascular health. But we wanted to take that out of the mix because I think we know the answer there in the sense that income is irrefutably important. We wanted to know what else was operative. And so you see here median incomes that are very close, but these census tracts had dramatically different mortality rates in terms of cardiovascular disease. You see here nearly twofold, dramatically increased dependence on emergency department for healthcare and the hospitalization rate for cardiovascular diagnosis was dramatically higher in the at-risk population. So we're very early in the data collecting and analysis, but this just shows us that we can construct such a comparison. And the early results from looking at the early data suggest that census tracts across metro Atlanta have variable rates of premature CBD. I think I showed you that pictorially. And this variation exists even when median black household income is taken to account and we find both types of tracts. Aim two was to look at maybe what in the context may be related to these differences. Okay, now admittedly we have to use somewhat blunt instruments to look at this, but I think it begins to help us tell a story. So with the population survey, which was 1500 people that we did by phone with all of the challenges and limitations of that, we would gather impressions subjectively of the neighborhood environments in these two types of communities and we wanted to gather through, again, phone administered instruments, health, mental health, health behavior, social information from the residents in the two types of tracts. And of course, compare outcomes in both. And to sum up the early preliminary data on this, again, intriguing, perhaps controversial thought provoking, what has turned out to be not significant in these particular tracts is the walking environment, the ability to get out and walk to where you needed to go and exercise almost passively by doing so, activities with the neighbors, that whole idea of cohesion and community somehow being helpful for cardiovascular health was not evident in our data so far. And I'm caveatting this heavily because it is early. And walkable grocery stores, interestingly, did not fall out in early analysis as a significant community characteristic in terms of cardiovascular health. In the people that did get on the phone with us, there was a significant difference in global health in these different communities where the median income was almost identical, right? But you had this vast difference in cardiovascular health parameters that we measured. We saw that their impressions of their global health were distinctly better in the resilient neighborhoods. The evidence of depression using standard epidemiological depressive symptom scoring techniques, there was a significant difference and the more positive being in the resilient neighborhoods. And levels of optimism were distinctly more evident in the resilient neighborhoods. This is just looking at the depression scores of percent using a cut point of 16 in the CESD, looking at the different percentages in, and this was a significant difference. Looking more, now, so that's where we are with the context. So some interesting findings and again, preliminary. Our next project, which is actually beginning to run simultaneously, so we're recruiting for this and enrolling in it now, is to look at more individual characteristics, including looking at biomarkers of inflammation, such as CRP, oxidative stress, regenerative capacity, vascular measures, non-invasive, simple vascular measures, to look at the condition, if you will, of the vasculature in these individuals and whether there's some subclinical disease that comes out as being more evident in people from one context versus the other. And all of these markers will be adjusted for the LifeSimple 7 score. So we're gonna, again, look at at-risk in resilient communities and march them through a protocol which will help us identify whether or not their individual characteristics that might be evident from people coming from those environments. And this project flows into the next project, three, which I'll show you in a second, which looks at epigenetic and metabolic parameters that may also be flowing with the risk that people are experiencing either in their communities or at another level, at an individual level that we don't fully assess until we get them into the clinic. And these particular biomarkers were chosen based on some preliminary work by members of our group that looked at survival after myocardial infarction. So clearly survival here in red, where the oxidative stress and inflammation score was significantly higher, was dramatically poorer for people who had, who evidence high levels of oxidative stress and inflammation. Similarly with low regenerative capacity, the post-marmicardial infarction mortality was significantly higher. And in an interesting study, we saw that neighborhood affects different neighborhoods. Actually, if you drew blood and looked at it from people who were in different types of neighborhoods, poor versus not so poor, this is a different study. But what it showed was that you actually had different levels of these inflammatory cytokines, depending on neighborhood characteristics such as environment walkability, which seems to contrast with what I just told you from our current study and neighborhood cohesion. Again, that seems also to contradict that. But these were candidate things to measure because of preliminary data from other studies. And finally, we will take these people from resilient and non-resilient environments and we'll randomize them into an intervention which will be aimed specifically at altering their risk in more traditional ways. Risk factors, so we'll be aiming at things like blood pressure, cholesterol level and so on, a physical activity with this intervention to see the before and the after, to see if there is any change in any of the biomarkers that we have decided to investigate based on preliminary data from other studies. And the basic project, which is going to look at, again, beneath the cellular level, we will be looking at microRNA patterns that may be tied to cardiovascular health or disease. We'll be taking the microRNA data, combining it with metabolic analyses done at Emory where Dr. Dean Jones has the capability to measure over 20,000 chemicals in human serum that will give us insight into all types of exposure and all types of metabolic activity. That information plus the microRNA information will ideally give us some view on a subcellular level of who the resilient people, again, by our definition are, who the non-resilient are and whether or not a change happens with intervention. So this is admittedly very exploratory, a first step in looking into the notion of resilience at the contextual level, at an individual sort of whole body level and a subcellular level. Some other studies that are going on in the Cardiovascular Research Institute related to the same idea include a very interesting rat study that looks at a rat model for stress and PTSD. And it's a very interesting idea in that you take a rat here and you expose them repeatedly to a bigger, more aggressive species, over and over. And some of the rats will develop the rat equivalent of PTSD, which is social avoidance. Now the rat scientists may correct some of what I say here, but that is the basic idea. So you have, this is the aggressor and this mouse has been traumatized by continual exposure to rats that are that size, that level of aggression over and over and over. And when you put them, although this rat is caged, you see a very unnatural response from a very social animal is turned away and is avoiding. Same exposures, but this guy has not learned this behavior, has not developed social avoidance and in a way has not developed the post-traumatic distress that this one has. Our post-doctor, Dr. Chloe Gray, is looking at what distinguishes these two mice on a molecular level and what interventions might reduce the frequency of the development of this phenotype as a model for addressing resilience with targeted therapy. We're also looking at angiogenesis as a mechanism of resilience. Already, one of the microRNAs that has been isolated and among African-Americans and whites derived from stored samples has been shown to incite if endothelial cells overexpress that particular microRNA. It's found that angiogenesis, a robust angiogenesis is induced by that microRNA. Another one of our post-docs is pursuing that line of investigation to see whether or not this could be a mechanism of a sort of resilience, particularly in the context of diseases like myocardial infarction and heart failure. And finally, another study to look at the health disparities even before, with the idea being that we can look for indicators of health disparities before they emerge by studying the young. We're looking at mobile health cohort studies that will allow us to enroll young people right now between the ages of 18 and 29 in a study that will allow the gathering of granular real-time, as some would suggest, in-the-wild data that doesn't require people to come into a clinic for examination or come into a hospital, but rather important information on things like sleep, physical activity, mental state, and other things that can be obtained with the wearing of wearable sensors to see what some of the early indicators of the emergence of disparities might be. So, what am I saying? Over the years, even before the heckler report, it's been observed by really even the most casual observer, but among those of us who think deeply about social conditions and health, people like W.B. DeBose, it's been observed that the African-American experience is quite unique and has been for the better part of three centuries. Here's his quote, one thing we must of course expect to find, and that is a much higher death rate present among Negroes than whites. They have, in the past, lived under vastly different conditions, and they still do. That was 1899. I think this remains a fairly true statement. There has been, of course, there have been many advances, but I think if we were to freeze frame today, that statement would not seem very radical in 2017. What I'm inviting, however, is for us to embrace this notion of disparities and continue to work on every possible front to resolve them, social determinants of health, making those less of an issue, access to care, all of those things have to be pounded on continually. But I do wanna introduce the notion that if we look past the great successes within the African-American population, people who are living well today, despite it all, people who have grown up through the teeth of some of the worst conditions in terms of social inequities, people who were there for all of those atrocities, all of those terrible things that happened in the 56, who are still with us, how do they do it? They are, I mean, they're right in plain sight, and I think what they offer is a new way to think about what we can do in the present time to help African-Americans and others who suffer under the burden of health disparities. I think, again, historically, we've been here, focusing on unique vulnerabilities. A singular emphasis on risk and poor outcomes neglects understanding of assets and positive aspects of black health. Recognition of heterogeneity and resilience in the face of adversity, I think, promotes a complementary and positive pathway towards the resolution of health disparities. And frankly, I think your patients grow tired of hearing nothing but bad news.  I think as we talk to our students, and to our patients, to our colleagues, about disparities and how blacks have had problems derived from that, I think we owe it to the black population, we owe it to our colleagues and students, and we owe it, I think, to the progress of science, to simultaneously acknowledge that the general arc of blacks in North America has been one of survival, that they have overcome in the words of the Anthem of the 60s, in many ways they have overcome many, many of them. And that's something worth studying and understanding. I'll close with this. How many of you remember the song Spanish Harlem? There's a rose in Spanish Harlem. Anybody old enough to? No one will admit it. Well, Ben Hill, the same guy who did stand by me, and also, Aretha Franklin later re-recorded it. And there's a line in that song that I think is worth remembering. At the lyrical highlight of the song, Ben says, she's, well, it's about a beautiful young lady who's living in the midst of poverty, and says, she's growing up in the street, right through the concrete. I think it's important for us to remember that for many African-Americans, life has been as hard as concrete, but they've come through. What is that trying to tell us as a scientific community? These are not just anecdotes, these are facts of life that demand explanation. And my challenge to you and to me is to understand this more deeply as a positive pathway towards resolving health disparities. Thank you. So we have time for questions, if you will just proceed to the microphone on either side. Hi, I enjoyed your talk. Thank you. Did you look at the percentage of the population who were black in each of the census tracts, and did that correlate with anything? Yes, so thank you for that question. We did, and in terms of, in most instances, the higher the percentage of non-blacks in the population, the higher the median income, and the more positive the parameters for cardiovascular disease, right? Fewer hospitalizations, fewer ED visits, et cetera. Again, we are still looking at that data, and I hope I'll be invited back to give you a much more comprehensive review of it. But your question's an important one, and we're gonna continue doing analysis on that. Thank you. Yes? Hi, Dr. Taylor, Tiffany Kyle Wiley from NHLBI. It's good to see you. You as well. It was an excellent talk, very inspirational, and thinking more about the way we look more positively at the African-American community. Just two quick questions. Do you all look at perceived environment in addition to built environment measures? And also, are you looking at measures that look at experiences across a life course to really get at what those differences may be? I mean, excellent questions. This is the American Heart Association funding, which is good, it's good money, but it only takes us so far. In terms of looking at the subjective impressions, everything I showed you was self-report at this point. And it really does reflect how people view, the data I showed today, really does reflect how people view their environment. And we'll have to do more work in terms of what objective things we can find out about it, in terms of things like air pollution, and those things that are not so much subject to interpretation. And then as far as life course measures, are you? I think that's important. And I'm looking to the NIH to help us expand our work into life course. The start of this mobile health cohort, which is essentially the concept is an echo of the Jackson Heart Study and that the idea is ultimately to take a ubiquitous platform like the cell phone and use that as a means of data gathering and to start as young as we can. So we're starting at 18 with this pilot where we hope to enroll our first cohort in a big hackathon, ideathon party on November 11th. It's actually a lot more scientific than I just expressed, but we are gathering people soon for a pilot and with the help of sustainable funding, we hope to see it grow and someday scale up to give us big data that we can use and hopefully follow people over a long period of time. But in specific answer to your question, we have yet to look deep into the younger ages or even prenatally. Thank you. I did enjoy your talk as well. Jerome Flagg from NHLBI. There were a few social determinants of health that I didn't hear you discuss. Marital status, family, cohesiveness, church going, and even educational level, which may not necessarily equal the income. Are you looking at that and are you finding differences in the resilient populations versus those who are not? Okay, so again, it's still early. So the individuals, what I gave you were data, let's see, I think I showed the slide of people's self-report of their education. Did I show that? I don't think so. Perhaps I didn't. Yes, in all of these communities, it was interesting. The ones that we selected as being comparable in income but having differences in outcome. The percentage, this is categorical stuff, the percentage of college-educated individuals is actually quite high. And particularly, it was even higher among the people who actually agreed to our interview. So this is one of the challenges of this type of research. So you're getting often the best case scenario, the people who sign up are not exactly like the people who are out there. They are very rough approximation. It is a blunt instrument, but it begins to set the stage preliminarily for further studies. The point of your question is that more educated, less, I mean, more resilient. Yeah, but not just the educated. I'm thinking also the family cohesiveness, the families that are together as opposed to single parents, churchgoing things that don't necessarily equate to education probably are still quite important. And that's information that we can gather in the individual interviews and we will do so. But I agree with you very much that those types of things, and the literature agrees with you too, those things matter a lot in terms of people's feelings about their health overall, their mental conditions, their positive affect and so on. All of those things are critical. Thank you. Thank you for your question. Dr. Valentine, so good to see you. Good to see you, it's been wonderful. Thank you for that outstanding talk. Could you give us a little glimpse about what you're learning about the genetics and the genomics of health disparities from this wonderful cohort called the Jackson Heart Study. Ah, okay. I know there's lots, but there's the highlights. And you know, I wish we had one of the geneticists here to respond to that question. I think some interesting things, just to pull one thing out. And often the genetics of the Jackson Heart Study are wind up being, the Jackson Heart Study winds up having its data pooled with other cohorts that are smaller. So we were talking earlier today about sickle trait and things like kidney disease and coronary disease. So the data on kidney disease seems to be pretty strong that sickle trait does predispose to a slightly higher risk of chronic kidney disease, particularly in the context of blood pressure abnormalities and so forth. The data on coronary disease looks negative. That is that there's no increased risk from what we see of people having sickle trait as determined by genomic analysis and the incidence and prevalence of coronary disease. The Jackson Heart Study has participated in a lot of consortia that have had some major I think impact on understanding of the human genome, of revising some of the things that we have taken for granted in terms of what the human genome consists of or what other earlier work has shown us. And I think it'll continue. But to give you the best answer to your question, I need one of my geneticists to come and talk. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you for the talk. Kelvin Choi from the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparity. Yes. Interesting in your research, in particular the analysis on the neighborhood characteristics. And I know that you matched the median household income of those neighborhoods to select the resilience and the at-risk neighborhood. Have you, will you be able to look at how the socioeconomic position of the participant relative to the median household income and see their health outcome? Because, I mean, your talk is about heterogeneity. Even within those census tract, there may be heterogeneity in the socioeconomic position which can predict their health outcome. It's an important point. And the increased precision and other aspects of socioeconomic position, being able to make that case, a lot of that will depend on the subsequent interviews that we do face to face. But your point is well taken. There is heterogeneity. And until we sort out some of those challenges in the contextual data, we have to be fairly reserved in our conclusions. I think we'll be able to say things a little bit more definitively. Again, still quite preliminary. This is very exploratory, right? But we'll have some more solid answers when we look at issues of inflammation, oxidative stress, and some of the molecular parameters as we continue this study. What I really want to emphasize is that we've got to do this. The opening salvo in this new effort to understand resilience has to be taken. And I think what we're going to wind up at the end of this study is with a whole bunch of questions. I think there'll be very few answers. But I think our questioning will be more precise and we'll set the stage for what we do next. And I invite, I had my email address on one of the slides. We still have IT. I invite these questions and they will be discussed in our meetings. So I want to be sure that if you have thoughts or questions about what was presented here or about anything in this topic in general, I really would like to hear from you. So I'll just tell you, it's H. Taylor. At MSM as in Morehouse School of Medicine.edu. H.Taylor at MSM.edu. And I welcome your questions. You might put in the subject line, what a lecture series. That would help me know what it's about. Please join me in thanking Dr. Taylor.


Hi, you guys Lindsay here. Welcome back to my channel inside of him. I am a so excited McCalls just announced that they Launched their early spring collection and so I ran right over here got my computer fired up And we are gonna do a first impression So without further ado Let us jump right in although I guess you click here Okay, oh my god. I'm already so excited. I don't really know what this is about, but I'm hoping I'm in the right place I think I am First up we have a top and dress pattern super cute fabric on the Sample it looks like it is a button front No collar a little bit of a forward shoulder Maybe even a bit of a drop shoulder and then some Contrasting you can see the stripes are going in different directions on the hem of the sleeve and the skirt Since jet the waist with some pleats it looks like I love that super cute top Here is an illustration of the dress of course love it in gingham Especially whenever you turn this on the bias So cute They even have a version with a little necktie. This is adorable. I love this and then there's the back You have a back yoke and then It looks like the sash might even be sewn down maybe Kind of like a wide kimono type sleeves You can't really see that from this version from this picture here, but yeah, I really like this off to a good start um With separate front band what that means button front closure with separate front band I don't know what that means double front and back yokes Stitched pleat detail at waist which I think is my favorite part like I wouldn't belt it I would want to leave that So you could see Cute here are illustrations I love it. I would make all of those versions actually. I'm sure they're recommending Yeah, pop blend gingham cotton blends You could also make sateen. I think you could also use some of these Shallies or even like a rayon pop blend or something like that would also be nice Great Here's our next pattern We have a tunic and dress Now this looks asymmetrical Okay, so we've got this like band that goes like diagonally from your knee up to your Like center front and around your neck And then these kind of like dramatic sleeves and then some kind of like I guess darting going on here side slit on the hem curved hem All those details I mean that is asymmetrical, right Oh, yeah, the did tunic and dress have asymmetrical button front opening Now I get a little bit leery of this because sometimes you can't tell that this is intentional And it looks like your dress is twisted. You know, it can look sloppy Um, if you don't do it in the right fabrics You know what I mean? Like it can just look unintentional Which isn't always a great look Um, here's the back So we have a yoke and then might be a pleat right there Hmm Ooh Fish eye darts in the back. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So happy I've seen that a couple of times now in these later releases and I feel like Maybe someone's watching my videos Are any of the technical designers watching my videos? I don't know. But um, yeah, I don't know. I'm on the fence about this It isn't I guess it isn't dramatic enough And it looks like a mistake You know Like it does look like her skirts just twisted, doesn't it? Yeah, maybe the stripes too. Maybe that isn't helping because This stripes. Well, I mean they are kind of going down from here. I don't know Maybe that's it. Maybe in a solid it would look more intentional Okay, here's a cute little number So, yeah, I mean, I definitely think this is an interesting Design, you know, it's not like, you know, everything else that we That we see and I mean, like I said, you know, it's going to be comfortable So they're recommending poplin, lawn linen and stable knits even But I really think you could make this out of just about anything. I mean you do want it to be a little bit drapey Um There are some rayon linens out there that would be a dream in this But um, but yeah, I think my I don't know about the sleeves. I think I like the ones Without the sleeves Um, this one obviously it still has the collar. I think that that's nice Um So, yeah That's cute All right, see a crop top Mrs tops and dresses so Okay, we have got It kind of like a high waist band here. Don't you think this is like empire waist Um, some pleating here like looks like a lot of pleating. I don't know this Fabric is incredibly hard to see what's going on. We definitely have a circle skirt because you can tell the stripes are Cut on the diagonal here, which usually happens with a circle skirt or maybe they are bias cut I don't know. Um Here's the crop top Okay Here's a really cute top version. I love that Um, I do like to note Yeah, look how, um Flattering the wrap is it doesn't come too low. That's a very conservative Wrap which is nice. Oh god. Um Here it is with piping that's fun and then like contrasting Maybe even bias tape or something like that orange and blue dots though or making me dizzy um So far I think I like it. I need to see the line drawings though to tell what's going on. They used a lot of um patterns there so it looks like Gathers on the forward shoulder and Gathers under the bust and center back gathers. That's cute. And then this really wide but high waist band And then you can add this little peplum if you want and a bow Not all these versions have a bow Here is the one with like the bell sleeves and they Made the skirt longer I almost feel like this bottom piece is this but maybe i'm wrong. Maybe I don't know what's happening. Um But you know like a wrap dress With a different hem. It's like curved or something, right? Okay. Yeah, because here's a straight hem And then you have these just like Wide sleeves Again with the bow. This is obviously my favorite version. I would also make it sleeveless Um I do like this little curved hem though. That's cute Yeah, that's fun Kind of nothing super special. I mean the high waist band although Is a little bit interesting. I don't know that I see a lot of wraps with that So wrap front tops and dresses are loose fitting in the bust and fasten with hook and eye at midriff With forward shoulder seam neck facing and sleeve length variations. So you almost like button yourself into it It's not an actual tie at all Obviously doesn't the the straps don't wrap around your body And then see is uh purchased by his tape and binding or you can make your own Okay, here is another little dress this one Wow, okay I gotta get into this one too So we have kind of a lower Cross on the wrap of this one. I still think we have some under Chest gathers maybe a gathered sleeve and then are there like little ruffles all throughout because yes Okay, so here's I guess a basic version you have this little interesting panel detail And then all those gathers I was telling you about There it is with three contrast fabrics, which actually I love I mean if you couldn't Probably if you have access to like You know large fabric stores I don't know that you'd be able to put this together at a joanne for example But more power to you and you gotta wonder about scale. So you have to you know, you can't have three big bold prints I mean you could but I'm just saying from the most pleasing to the eye you want to kind of vary the the Size of the patterns, but keep a keep a similar color tone throughout like they've done here Okay, yeah, here it is with a little ruffle. I kind of like that I don't know why It feels like something I shouldn't like but I do I like it very much um, and you even have some ruffles all around the back and Other places I like this dresses have fitted lined bodice with invisible side zipper Raised shaped waistline Love that And sleeve and skirt variations There's an elasticated. I'm sorry elasticized sleeve. Let's look at some line drawings Yeah, so there's our side zipper We have gathers on the front but darts in the back Of this version Well, maybe all of the bodices have that Yep, and then there is our ruffly one With a side slit Or I should say an off-center slit thigh slit whatever And then here's another version where you can add length to it and make it more ruffly On the bottom which that's a little bunch to me But I love this version. I would even want to put a ruffle here though Wonder why we didn't do that But that's an easy enough Edition you could draft that yourself no problem I'm intrigued That's what I have to say about this. I'm intrigued They are suggesting crepe georgette crepe machine chiffon. Yeah, all these like lightweight flowy fabrics You could make a out of a lot of different things Especially without the sleeve But any of these with the little ruffle detail. Yeah, you would want to make sure that's flowy and drapey I think it's cute Next up this looks like a knit dress from Nancy Zeeman A little low here Fitted knit wrap dress have sleeve and length variations. Okay So the first option is a elbow length sleeve Kind of a I don't know an angled hem Here's a more of a straight hem With three-quarter length sleeves And yeah, that's it Pretty straightforward stuff there This feels like I made a dress like this I think it was a crafty Kit even I don't remember what pattern it was but It had this like band and everything I loved it It was like navy blue and then this was like maybe orange And then this was turquoise or something. I don't know. It was very early on But I did wear it out like wear it to where it couldn't be worn anymore. I wore it a lot The fabric didn't end up washing very well Anyways, okay. Now we've got an a coal miller So maybe this is the inspiration that that other dress took, you know, like with all these little romanticized ruffles and stuff Dress is fitted through bust and fully self-lined with invisible back zipper and hook and eye That version's nice Oh, that's the same Yeah, look at that. Whoa mama Yeah, there's just the one version I don't know Feels a little nightgowny, right? And like this deep V. I don't know about that either I usually like Nicole Miller stuff Here's an archive one which we're going to skip over dated to Tara So this is going to be like a You know cocktail party evening gown type thing prom very prom Dresses have close fitting lined and interfaced bodices With overlays and full pleated skirts with side seam pockets and purchased horsehair trim and hem Sweetheart neckline boning center back invisible zipper. I mean, yeah, these are going to be well constructed Look how pretty that is. I literally have nowhere to wear this But if you do I really like this version. This reminds me of my favorite I think it was butteric Remember the navy and cream striped dress. That's what that reminds me of These are all so pretty. I want to go to prom Look a little shoulder bow thing That could be every day. I don't like the asymmetrical though very nice You guys making things for prom or maybe even in a wedding dress. That would be a pretty wedding dress. Maybe Look how pretty oh, I want one I want one and I want somewhere to go in it Okay, here's another like prom type gown Um, this one is a created which I actually have a couple of these and I really love it it actually each pattern piece is separate and they're intended to like mix and match so Oh, they're not showing it that way here, but um, but basically you have like, uh Bodice you have Upper bodice you have a midriff and you have a skirt and you can pick and choose between all the different versions and mix and match them So you can come up with a lot of creative a lot of different versions even though you're using the same pattern I love that one. I would wear that to target. That's my new, you know, my new measuring tool like If I would wear it to target then I should make it. Um, I'm not like Going to an office. I'm not like I don't know doing super Special occasion type stuff. So I really have to like make sure that what I make is wearable Like in everyday life. So that's why I'm like, would you wear it to target? And I totally would wear that to target Right before I go to like brunch or something Here's another one cute Very nice fully lined with interfaced bodice and midriff Um boning invisible back zipper hook and I bodice and skirt variations Includes options for gathered bodice and midriff overlays. So I think what you end up doing is you make Every bodice looks like this That's interfaced Um, and then you can add this like gathering overlay over top of it I think that's what's happening. Wait, how did I miss these pictures? I think that's so cute Yeah, and the side is like hello Peek-a-boo There's some views in the back. I love that they made multiple views. Thank you so much for that. It is a little short That's adorable. I love that I don't have any need for this skirt, but I would make this one in a heartbeat. Okay Now we have a cute little top This one looks like Okay Loose fitting. I'm sure it pulls over a drop shoulder They're really loving this type of sleeve right now. It's a little on the short side Maybe she I'm sure she's very tall though. So Here's another version Very kind of collegiate with the fabric choices there. Here's another one. I kind of like this elastic here. That's cool Yeah, cute simple straightforward little top Lots of different options. I don't really do well with the contrast, but you know, maybe you could get creative I can do something really fun with this even if it were like a sheer or something like that But I really dig this one too. All right, we've got another little top here Like a squared off neckline some shoulder ruffle edge, which I like gathered sleeve Some really nice shaping and darting you can tell it's really fitted Almost like like little house on the prairie kind of Here's the crop top Well, now we've added ruffles everywhere and added poofy sleeves for that extra little house on the prairie touch Let's see the back Back darts very nice And that's all they're going to give us. Okay Fitted button-up tops have neck and front facings Okay length and sleeve variations Oh separate cup sizes too, which is nice So, yeah There you go. I don't know that I love this style Very much in general But I think that There are people out there that I follow like on instagram and stuff that could make really adorable versions of this Even if you made this With a matching skirt to where like, you know Your belly wasn't really showing that would be really I think I could see people making that it being cute Um I also can see myself making this without the sleeves and maybe that would be better I don't know It's not like jumping out at me though is one of those ones I have to have Much like this Okay, so now we've got this just feels really young And we also the model looks really young so that doesn't help but you can see we've got these like exaggerated Puffy sleeves with elastic. We've got this shearing going on at the at the empire waist Um, you can even see the facing there because they use such lightweight fabric But this feels like early 2000s, right? Is this like high school for me or what? That's cute Yeah, it's just a sweet, you know, it's just a sweet top So if you're going for a sweet you know demure innocent Look, that's what I'm getting from All of these but this one here. I feel like I could see that in a loft Somewhere like an antaylor loft type of garment Let's see Um cotton blends lawn crepe and gingham.  This is a little bit more of my style We have these tops with elasticated shoulders The little loops for the buttons instead of buttonholes Uh, maybe some darts going on there. I do. I love this sleeve bodice. I this all of this I love all of this. I don't really love the color but the Proportions and everything it's giving off. I really like and it has to be comfortable Yeah, so we've got some darts there Oh, there it is with a flutter sleeve. That's cute And then this is a longer sleeve with elastic. Yeah, I like all of those See the girl she looks older here, right? Yeah, and I mean you could just add I don't know eight inches to the bottom of this and now you have a dress You know what I mean? Like they could have easily made that into a dress too or you can just lengthen shorten line add I think maybe eight seven eight inches something like that And you'd have a dress. Yay Cute love that one I would make all of those versions Yeah, I think the fabrics are pretty much they run the gamut cotton blends shallot lawn chambray You could make it out of just about anything cool, okay, so we're gonna skip the little girls stuff and Continue right along with this little top Okay, so we have what do we have here some cutouts some gather some ruffles Kind of a lot of everything Okay I don't hate it I That's cute I think fabric choices paramount They did a good job with theirs.  This is just a top. I'm confused This is just a top. So this is a skirt That must be a different pattern Well, that's annoying Yeah, this is just the pattern for the top Even though they're showing pictures of it make it look like a dress. That's so mean Um, so yeah, uh fabric choice is critical I think you have to find something with the light the right kind of weight to it and the right amount of drape Probably something polyester or you know something in that family But here are all the line drawing versions I don't like this sleeve So crepe de sheen charme mousse georgette chiffon.  So Have fun with that It would be worth it though in the end. I think you'd have a really special top Okay, here's paler plush For spring. So these are the ones that have all of the different fitting adjustments Printed on to the pattern pieces. So if you need to make a full bust adjustment Or forward shoulder adjustment or whatever they are all the little lines That you would normally have to measure yourself are all already on there So They also use the tissue fitting method. So they walk you through how to do that um, so yeah But we've got a button down with kind of like a wide or like flared You know hymn here This is an asymmetrical hymn. This is cute asymmetrical with a ruffle Or I don't know how I guess just contrast bands They tucked her in in the front And rolled up her sleeves Okay Most fitting shirt has button front opening with separate placket collar with neck band And linked and sleeve variations Two parts sleeve on this which is nice two-piece sleeve poplin cotton blends crepe to sheen gingham Yeah, it's okay. I don't have enough basic um button downs So having one with all these frills just feels like I would skip a step if I made those instead of making like a A traditional one first But I'd be like the ruffly one Okay, here's that skirt That they paired with uh m7903 it is Sydney fitted skirt invisible back zipper with hook and I and link variations a has contrast flounces So this is a no for me. I just can't imagine having a Something drawing more attention to the whitest part of me You know I mean it looks great on her, but she also doesn't have much of like many curves Especially there I do not want a ruffle there I do not want a ruffle there, but I did like it paired with that other top that was smart It made it look like a dress. I still I don't know still I'm feeling like, you know You've got to be really careful about your fabric choices And you know have a lot of time set aside to uh make all those baby hymns Plus, I think I decided This summer that I don't really like making skirts Just in general Any skirt I don't really like making them. I don't really like wearing them I don't know why I think I just rather make a dress like why have something you have to like Think about what you're gonna pair with it Like what you're like what kind of top you're gonna wear when you could just make a whole dress And you have your whole outfit ready to go. You don't have to think about anything I don't know Am I alone? Okay, so here's a button down skirt Very full pleated skirts are worn two inches above the waist so high waisted button front front and back facings deep hem And length and carrier variations This is a cool skirt Especially that one. I love that one. I love the wider carriers and the self-felt It does feel very Spring and summer to me. I also really like the pleats and how the pleats are sewn down here at the top I say all this about skirts and then I'm like wow I actually kind of really like this skirt That's what I get. It's just a story of my life So pretty stable wovens. I'm assuming yeah satin, chino, cotton blends and even twill I just kind of think that would be fun to sew I like that one 7906 Okay, now we've got oh god cargo pants I'm actually not feeling great about the next four Okay, uh, let's see Let's see Planted front wide waistband Some kind of seam here side seam pockets, I guess Then there's these huge pockets on the side Oh and then gathered cuffs Here's the only one that I think will be remotely flattering on 98 of you that are watching 98 of you that are watching this video just regular Pants Yeah, I'm just like who does that look good on? I think they're even like tapered. I think this bottom part is tapered. That's Weird Yeah That's fun I don't know guys Chino twill wool blends denim wool blends I mean maybe only in this version We should do a challenge where we all vote on The worst pattern in a collection and then we all have to make it and try and make it the best We possibly can would y'all be down for that or would y'all just want me to be your guinea pig And like y'all pick a pattern for me and then I have to make it and try and make it look good Would y'all participate or would you just throw me to the fire? Okay, we've got a jumpsuit and I think that this is a denim jumpsuit And the only only reason why I'm not immediately like ew is because Earlier this week on the ellen to dinner a show sandra bullock who is like 54 years old wore A fitted denim jumpsuit and she looked like a million bucks um, so Now that I see this I'm like well, obviously I need my own denim jumpsuit so I can be just like sandra bullock Um, but this one has a front exposed zipper It has princess seams that go into the like how the stitching details kind of carry through to this like patch pocket I don't think it's technically a patch pocket though. I think it's just top stitched Um, you've got this cute little collar little sleeve You know semi flared leg Or you can make it into a romper with little pockets Yeah, very camo-y military inspired 70s vibe The fit on her is impeccable. I'll say Oh, no, and then they go put this itty bitty teeny tiny pocket up on her high hip I don't know about that though That looks weird and also what do you put in there? So there we go jump suits The top stitching was so great on all those. We really already saw the line drawings Look at that. Why that's so weird Give me a full-size pocket for a full-size bum, please Um, denim twill chino or linen I could see it in linen If I made it in linen though, I might try and move that front zipper It's cute in the denim one because it feels very utilitarian, you know and very like Like the denim substantial. So having a substantial exposed zipper makes sense But in linen, I don't know. I might try and move it to the side Okay, now we have a custom cup sizes pattern, which I really love and I know a lot of you out there really love it too, especially if you're um, curvier in the top And typically need full bust adjustments or if you're smaller in the top and typically need small bust adjustments. These are great for you um, very tropical actually Despite this super deep V I actually think I like this The coloring is gorgeous on her skin tone And then we've got this like You know bell Oh god, it gets better Now we've got this version with the ruffles here. Look at this next one. It's like a bib That is so interesting What does that look like sewn up? I need like I need the photos to be of that and not of this This here though those stripes. I don't know Look they all turn So maybe this doesn't fit her that well. I don't know what that means. This looks great on her though cute Yeah, see these stripes are straight. They would never be straight on me. I do like this. That's nice I like that a lot Okay, so there we are those are all of them So this is the one the in the pink tropical fabric It looks really different in the line drawing, doesn't it? I love it Now all this With the ruffles, I mean, maybe maybe this ruffle, but not this But maybe I don't know ruffle pant hem maybe and then this is This version Without the sleeve, which I also really like I don't know why you need to go through the trouble of doing this separate piece though I would just use the same pants from here or You know or just extend it down to get the same length, but I don't know why you have to do a A separate seam there That seems fussy um, let's see what cotton blend Lawn crepe to sheen and then lining fabrics So yeah, I mean obviously you need something lightweight and drapey but still substantial enough to hold up to like covering Your bum and your lumps and bumps. They did a good job with this fabric. I wish I knew what that was like what the makeup of that was But Only the bodice is lined so maybe this is some kind of like crepe or something poly crepe even I don't know you have to be careful that it's not see-through and you know I mean obviously I guess you could just line the pants too But yeah I'll have to keep an eye out for some fabrics that I think would work for that one because I do really like it Okay, now we've got another creative pattern This one is maybe like a New Year's you could do this from New Year's for sure Look at that. That's pretty If only my legs were really that long There's another version You've got your one shoulder Mm-hmm. What's the back? Oh, there's the back. Okay So you've just got the same well These are the same bodice tapered legs Pants with a side slit regular pants And then two other bodice versions But I mean the backs don't have any darts or anything so Is it made for knit? Yeah, clothes fitting pull on knit jumpsuits have lined bodice with bodice and leg variations and I think when they say knit they're not talking about like um Sweater knits like in that what was it simplicity that had this sweater knit jumpsuit? I think they just mean like stretch fabrics You know like even the um Fabric that I use for my jumpsuit for the holiday sew along that was technically a stretch um crateback satin But you know, they have all of these like sequin fabrics that have stretch in them They have I guess that's what all these novelty knits really are and I mean even velveteen, you know is stretch Jersey and interlock though me I don't know about that Okay mirroring the end We've got this number Mrs. Tops and pants She is really selling this even though I feel like she probably doesn't really like it that much It's just very it's like loose fitting on top of loose fitting You know, there's like no shaping to her body going on here So That's that's a hard sell Nicole Miller I don't like either of the Nicole Miller patterns this time Yeah No, thanks I just yeah I want to like it but Not for me. I don't like these shoulder So big and exaggerated, you know Even I'm trying to imagine like even this top with jeans or like leggings or something like close fitting I'm for still not feeling it and the pants with like a regular top like I'm not feeling that either That's just a pointing Okay, here's a robe Jacket vest and belt. Okay Very robe like though, okay Ooh, that's cute if it's a dress Okay I get it Cute Yeah, I like all these. I love the shawl collar and You know big belt even this drop shoulder sleeve thing. I like This I got to figure out how to make a dress, you know, just put a little button in there and it becomes a dress Maybe a little bit longer. Um, but yeah, I think that's adorable as a dress um Yeah, super cool And legitimately you could make a robe out of this like I was kind of kidding but The style lines are the same wool coatings bouclets tweed and wool blends So cute love this wind in your hair too loose fitting jackets and bests are unwind with dropped shoulder tie belt with thread carriers and collar length and sleeve variations I don't see many collar variations.  Yeah, I guess they are So this color versus this color. I don't really know the difference Okay, then we have his and her Vests Quilted cute. Is it like unisex?  Okay.  So yeah, that is going to do it for The mccalls early spring. Let's just flip through the lookbook. Make sure we didn't miss anything um All in all, I feel like there's a fair amount of hits and a fair amount of misses But there are definitely some that I will be adding to my stash Um, I loved this one so much What did you guys think? How did you feel the collection looked? Will you be buying any of these? Which ones? Are you sewing for prom? Let me know in the description box or in the comments You can't add to the description box only I can but you can add to the comments So yeah, let me know what you guys think and which ones You'll be buying and try to not reference just the item number But also the like some kind of detail like, you know, the pink tropical jumpsuit one or whatever um But yeah, so fun I don't know how many more early springs are going to come out. I don't know if butterick um, I don't think vogue will Uh new look. I'm not sure but um, I'll stay on top of them and if you guys see them be sure to um, if you see like mccalls making an announcement or something be sure to tag me so that In case I missed it, um I wouldn't have missed it because you guys helped Um, okay, so that's gonna do it for me today. Thank you all so much for watching. I will see you all very soon. Bye