The national broadcasting company and its affiliated stations present The Pacific Story. This is the story of the Pacific and the millions of people who live around this greatest sea. The drama of the people whose destiny is at stake in the Pacific War. This is the background to the war in the Pacific and its meaning to us and to the generations to come. Tonight's Pacific Story, first broadcasts some months ago. This evening comes to you from Hollywood in Detroit as another public service with drama The Past and Present and commentary by Andrei Lubanov-Rostovsky, historian and authority on Russian affairs. The Red Banner Far Eastern Armies. This is it. We've seen Russia coming into the war out here in the Far East for a long time. It's the payoff of more than 2,300 border clashes between the Red Army and the Japanese. This Russian force I'm with driving into Manchuria knows how to fight the Japanese. They learned in those two undeclared wars in 1938 and 1939 and in the clashes before that and since. And what their generals learned in those wars, Zhukov, Boronov and the others, they used against the Nazis. Now, with this additional experience, they're back here with us using it against the Japanese. Today, Soviet Russia has more than a million well-trained, well-fed, battle-tested men in the Red Banner Far Eastern Armies. And that does not include the European Russian armies that are now being deployed out here. No, can't you. Now they're generals. You can expect to see Rakhosovsky and Tlbukhin, Konyov and Baklamyan out here anytime. But these are the troops that know the Japanese, Louis. These men of the Red Banner Armies. Behind these crack-far Eastern troops, Soviet Asia has all it's needed to wage a devastating war against the Japanese. We have heavy industry, vast premises, mines, steel mills and factories. They are on a night and day. We have air bases, training fields, cadets schools, airplates, tactical and scientific laboratories. We have shipyards, naval bases, submarines, torpedo boats, gun boats, destroyers. The Soviet Pacific fleet is stronger than ever before. We have a planned agriculture to produce food enough to supply all of Soviet Asia and a full army into the field without help from European Russia. And this Red Banner Army I'm with here in Manchuria is one of the most powerful in the world. All through the war in Europe, it had remained intact out here in the Far East. It was built from the ground up to do a job out here and that's what it's doing. Marshal Blucher laid the groundwork for it a quarter of a century ago. That is Vasily Blucher right there. I saw the mysterious Blucher in Vladivostok in 1920. He was one of the startist fighters in the revolution. He was a leader of partisans and they smashed the White Russians in the Urals. He's been sent out here to throw the Japanese out of Siberia? The Japanese have been here unlawfully for more than two years. I'd like to know how he's going to do it. So would we. I talked with Blucher many times. He was a brilliant soldier, a clever and cunning diplomat. Soviet Russia must have a strong military force here in the Far East. And soon we saw it taking form. Blucher is organizing the partisans, the guerrillas and the communist forces into a Far Eastern army. After almost three years of bitter fighting, the White forces were thrown out and the Japanese troops were forced to withdraw. For its own defense, Soviet Asia must become a fortress area. No one saw this more clearly than Blucher. Soviet Asia must first think in military terms. Blucher studied the terrain of Soviet Asia from the Urals to the Pacific. He came to know all its varying conditions and its problems. Blucher has one eye on Japan. It was during these days that I met the Russian reporter Mikhail Kantchev. Look for an independent Soviet force out here, Louis. A complete independent army? Not only one, probably several. And probably each will have its own air force. And in addition, there will be the Pacific fleet. As time went on, I saw the development of this unique military force. I traveled back and forth across Soviet Asia from the industrial centers of the Urals to the military establishments in the hinterland of the Pacific shore. And yet, all of this was just preliminary. I remember it was on August 7, 1929 that an official order came out crystallizing the whole thing. By order of the Revolutionary War Council of the USSR, the special far eastern army will be established in Soviet Asia. Do you know why this order was issued at this time, Louis? Could it be related to what's been happening in Manchuria? The Chinese Eastern Railway has been seized by the Japanese, and a railroad is a weapon of war. The special far eastern army had officially come into being. And it was obvious that this was only the beginning. By the time the Japanese took Manchuria in the fall and winter of 1931, the Russians had a well-organized army on the border. The face of Soviet Asia was changing. Russia had thought to develop its great wilderness with a minimum of manpower. But a great army, an independent army, well, an independent army implied industries to supply it, agriculture to feed it. It implied men to work the industries and farms, men to build the communications, the highways, the railroads. In 1931, Soviet Russia planned eight new industrial bases, and six of these were to be in Siberia. Kuznetsk and Daren at Magnitogorsk. We ship some of our coal to Magnitogorsk, and Magnitogorsk ships some of its iron to us. So we smell Daren at both places. We are putting to work the great water power of the Angara tributary to the Yenisei river for the generation of electric power. This power will supply a great part of the industries of the Lake Baikal district, and even those farther east. The military men were cagey about the organization of the army in Soviet Asia. Yes, Siberia has been divided into a number of military districts. No one knew exactly how many. I can tell you this much. There is a military council in each military district. It transpired that there were three members in each of these councils. One of them was a ranking military officer, so by the time the border incidents began to flare up, the Soviets were ready to deal with them wherever they were. Here, look through this field glasses, Louis. Gantsepp was covering the fighting along the Manchurian border, as I was. Can you see? The power of this artillery is tremendous. Not only the power, also the accuracy. Yes. They're pulverizing the tops of those rocky hills. Can you see how they are knocking off the peel boxes? Yes. Yes, they're smashing them to pieces. Oh, look. Look, that is Voronov. Nikolai Nikolayvich Voronov, a great artillery expert, had walked up to observe the effects of his bombardment. That's men, Louis, is one of the greatest artillery men of this day. I watch Voronov as he scans the hills with his field glasses. He's commander of the artillery of the radar. This was the man who was to become marshal of artillery. And he was to smash the Nazis at Stalingrad and at Kursk and at Gomel and so many other places. He stood there, a blind giant of a man. It was in the Far East against the Japanese that he tried out his theories of using artillery. While Japanese tactics can spend against his tanninating, Louis... Voronov proved his theories and reported back to Moscow. Not long after this, an official announcement was made. In recognition of its victories on the borders of Soviet Asia, the Far Eastern Army is awarded the title of Red Banner. Effective at once, the Red Banner Far Eastern Army will be divided into two armies, the first and the second. Even we who were in Soviet Asia had a little idea of the size and the disposition of the Far Eastern forces. But little by little, we learned. You see, the Red Banner First Army and the Red Banner Second Army together are called the Far Eastern Front. And Army General Joseph Apansenko is the overall commander. Apansenko in 1943 was to be killed before course. The headquarters of the Far Eastern Front are at Khabarovsk. Khabarovsk is on the Manchurian border about 200 miles from the Sea of Japan. But we were to learn that in addition to the two Red Banner Armies in the Far Eastern Front, there was another command, Father Inland. This one is called the Transbekhal Front. And its headquarters are at Chita. And the Transbekhal Front, like the Far Eastern Front, has its own air force. As the tension grew along the border, the development of the Soviet Far Eastern forces quickened. I talked to some of the young Russians who come out to Soviet Asia to join the Red Banner Armies. I will settle down here when my army service is over. You were a farmer before you joined the army, hm? Yes, the government has moved my family and my stock out here. I should think it would be very hard for you to make a new start out here. The government is already helping my family with credits and subsidies. And then you'll have a farm to go to when your service is over, hm? Yes, and those of us who are not farmers will settle here and work in the industry. Well, that'll go a long way towards settling this country. Of course, we will be in reserve in case we should be needed. And from time to time we will come back for more training. You see, the object in coming out here is to be ready. Soviet Russia knew what she faced. She had signed a non-aggression pact with China. She extended credit to China, sent ammunition, military advice, engineers. She helped China build railways for the transporters' supplies. Stalin made his position clear. We stand for the support of nations that are the victims of aggression and are fighting for the independence of their country. Japan replied with violence. Do you think, Kanchev, these hundreds of border clashes are related to Russia's help to China? Certainly. Besides knowing that Japan considers Russia a most important enemy in Asia, Stalin knows that the Japanese, by these border clashes, are trying to involve Russia in so much trouble that she will stop helping China. But this will not deter Russia. Rather, it will accelerate the building up of Soviet strength here in the Far East. Kanchev was right. Stalin indirectly issued a warning to Japan in his report to the Communist Party Congress in 1939. We stand for peaceful, close and friendly relations with all the neighboring countries which have common frontiers with the USSR. We shall adhere to this position as long as these countries maintain like relations with the Soviet Union and as long as they do not precipice on the frontiers of the Soviet state. To underscore this statement, Stalin sent Zhukov to the frontier between Manchuria and outer Mongolia. Outbreaks continued to flare along the Siberian border. Year before this, I'd seen the bloody fighting at Chiangku Feng, not far below Vladivostok. Now the very presence of Zhukov on the outer Mongolian frontier meant that the Russians were expecting more trouble with the Japanese. Zhukov was then Soviet Vice-Commissar of Defense. I headed for Nomanhan, 750 miles inland from the Sea of Japan. The enemy is massing large-darmoured units for the attack, sir. I know the Japanese 6th Army well. Reconnaissance reports the enemy is bringing up strong air support. Anything else? I marveled at his coolness. This is the way you always behaved. Kanchev and I looked on. Keep me informed. I'll be in my quarters. He walked out. The next few days I saw the Soviet armor. More tanks and armored cars than I'd ever seen at one time. The airplanes, it keeps out of fight. Ah, the Japanese are starting with their artillery. Yes. Here come the planes. Those are Soviet planes. I've never seen that type. Neither has anyone else. Good heavens, look at them pass up there. A couple of hundred. Way till Zhukov strikes through this tank. The Japanese swept in with full power. And Zhukov's tanks came out in swarms like great roaring monsters. Visit Nomanhan on the frontier between Manchurian and Ottoman Gaulia has already reached a pitch never before seen on the continent of Asia and perhaps never before seen on it. The Japanese have driven into Ottoman Gaulia, General Zhukov is now. Looks to me as if the Japanese 6th Army is driving right through Zhukov's line. Zhukov knows what he's doing, Mr. Lewis. Zhukov has surrounded the 6th Japanese Army and is now in the process of cutting it to pieces. Tanks and infantry and airplanes were used in this far eastern battle in a way in which more than 1,000 airplanes and 800 tanks took part in the battle and the Japanese force was destroyed. What do you figure the Japanese losses were, Mikhail? They have admitted losing 18,000 kills. So perhaps there were many more. 18,000. The Japanese will never forget Zhukov or the Red Banner armies. We were attacked by the Mongols of outer Mongolia. This was the Japanese excuse for the battle. Japanese excuse is ridiculous and absurd. This was the Russian reply. Japan had better realize that the USSR is now grown in strength and we will no longer tolerate such provocations. The battle at Neman Han took place in August 1939 while the attention of the world was focused on the impending war in Europe. Few people realized its importance, but the Russians did and while Zhukov's tanks roared and Voronov's cannon thundered behind the front, the new Soviet Asia hummed with industry. By this time, the Great Trans-Siberian Railroad was double tracked. New railroads and highways were built and over them were moving supplies by the millions of tons. Where is this train going? It is headed westwards, is it not? War correspondents flocked into Soviet Asia. Night and day, all I've seen since I've been here are trains running westward. Hitler has attacked Russia. But what about this stuff of European Russia sending everything out here to build up Siberia? That stage has passed. The Russian troops are going to fight the Nazis. Where do they come from? Night and day, the trains rumble. Trains bringing whole industries from European Russia and the same trains taking men in material of war too, European Russia. By fall, 1941, war correspondents were sending vivid reports to the outside world of what they'd seen in Soviet Asia. Russia has at least 40 superbly trained and superbly equipped infantry divisions in the vicinity of Cheetah, the trans-bicali areas on 1200 miles inland from the Sea of Japan. The Soviet also has concentrated in Soviet Asia a powerful armored force and perhaps some 3,500 war planes. The frontier between Siberia and Manchuria bristles with more than 4,000 Soviet blockhouses. While the Soviets faced the Nazi drive in the west, they faced the Japanese thrust in the east. They saw division after division of Siberian troops moving westward but saw no Red Banner troops moved. They are earmarked for the Japanese. The Red Banner army was poised for any possible Japanese move and across the border the Japanese moved up a mighty concentration of arms. We could see the Japanese across the border and they could see us. From this point, 5 forts are in sight. This was the written account of a captured Japanese. The barracks for the troops are about 400 meters from the river. They are half hidden in the snow. To the right there is one barracks for officers and to the left five for the men. A strong garrison is stationed here. Further to the left there is a military storehouse and still further a small house with a red roof and grey walls. Over this are two radio antennas and above the door is the emblem of the Soviet army. The frontier was overrun with spies from both sides. Russians knew that the Japanese had at least 700,000 troops on the border. We have more. Kanchev was usually right. The Japanese are waiting to see what happens before Moscow. We want the reports come in from the western front. The Nazi Panzer divisions are driving into the outskirts of Moscow but fighting them with a fury perhaps never before equaled are the troops of the Siberian Far East. If Moscow falls we can expect anything here. But the Nazis were smashed at Moscow. Zhukov and Voronov are there. And Zhukov and Voronov and the others who had tested their battle theories in the Far East were at Stalingrad. Forty Siberian divisions, rugged troops from Soviet Asia have played a dominant role in the fierce fighting in this sector. The tide has been turned at Stalingrad. During those desperate days at Stalingrad we sat tight in the Far East. We kept our eyes on the Japanese across the Manchurian border. After Stalingrad we breathed easier for a while but not for long. The Japanese know now that they should have attacked us here while we were in our greatest trouble on the European front. This was the opinion of the Soviets in the Far East. But now we can expect them to attack anytime. The Red Banner armies were still intact. Still facing the Japanese across the frontier. Still waiting. As the war in Europe went into its last desperate stages there was an increased activity on the Manchurian side of the border. Those are Japanese reconnaissance planes, Louis. Yes. But you see those back there behind us? Our Red Banner planes. We knew the Japanese installations by heart. They knew ours. Our tanks were deployed. Our rocket throwers, our armored units, flame throwers, our men. If they are going to strike they must strike before the Nazis are destroyed. The atmosphere was tense. As we watched the Japanese, we watched the reports from the European front. The Allied armies are closing in on Berlin in a mighty final drive. The Americans are driving it from the west and the Russians from the east. The Russian forces out in the Marshalls Yukoff are broken into Berlin and are now fighting in the streets and some of the fiercest fighting in the war. Nazi Germany has fallen. As soon as the war ended in Europe Russian troops began pouring across the 8,000 miles to the Far East. Have you seen Yukoff over and over any of the other generals, Lewis? Not yet, can't you? They'll be here. Russia has not forgotten about 1994-1995. Yes. With these troops, we have distinguished themselves against the Nazis. And the Red Banner army is here. Soviet Asia is stronger than at any time in history. The Red Banner armies and the European armies redeployed along the Manchurian border. Our strategic position is improving daily. We have forces to the east, to the west, and to the north of Manchuria. We waited and listened to the Japanese radio. Soviet Russia is wisely attending to the reconstruction of its domestic affairs rather than becoming involved in the war in the Pacific. We salute the unshakable friendship of the Soviet Union toward Japan. But it was too late. Now it was Soviet Russia's turn. The Red Banner Far Eastern armies born in the days of Russia's greatest trial a quarter of a century ago had gone into action against Russia's greatest enemy. The Red Banner Far Eastern armies today stand on the soil of Manchuria which for years the Japanese have illegally occupied. To tell the significance of this power in the Pacific, the national broadcasting company presents Andrei Lobanov Rostovsky, historian, authority on Russian affairs and professor of history. The next voice you hear will be that of Mr. Lobanov Rostovsky. We take you now to Detroit. Forty years ago, Russia defeated in the Russo-Japanese War signed at Portsmouth the most humiliating piece of a history, and Japan emerged as the great power of Eastern Asia. In that war, Russia did not score a single victory. Facing as she did a revolution at home and her armies hopelessly handicapped by the problem of bringing up supplies over the Trans-Siberian Railway then single-tracked and 5,400 miles long. Moreover, Russia faced the united opposition of the public opinion of the world in what was deemed to be her imperialistic drive into Manchuria. How different the situation today. Today, the Russian nation, flushed by its tremendous victories over the Germans, is standing solidly behind its leaders. The Red Army has shown itself the mightiest fighting force of Europe and Asia. It is more than adequately equipped and mechanized, and it has a system of industrial combines erected in Eastern Siberia in its immediate rear to draw its supplies from, thus making it independent from the centers of industries in European Russia. The Trans-Siberian Railway has been double-tracked. A new major trunk line parallels its several hundred miles to the north from Lake Baikal to the Pacific. And a network of branch lines, strategic highways, and air bases provide for its transportation needs. The way the transportation problem over the vast expanse of Russia, the greatest single handicap the Russians have always faced has been solved in their war against Germany, has been a source of amazement for military experts the world over. And the way the problem was solved of shifting Russia's military weight from the western front to the Pacific in the short span of spring and summer months will also be a cause for study in the future by historians. The brilliant staff work revealed by the Red Army and the leadership of the Far Eastern Army by such men as Merezkov, who won his fame in Ukraine, is to be further contrasted with the inefficient leadership of General Korot-Patkin in 1904. But perhaps most important of all, Russia is now allied to the two greatest powers of the western world in their common struggle for the establishment of a new era of peace in the world. That the Japanese fully realize what was awaiting them from the combined impact of the American, Russian, British, Chinese armies is obvious by the events of these past days. As far as Russia goes, there is a forewarning in the numerous engagements fought with the Red Army on the Manchurian border after 1931. At Chiangku-Fen in 1938 and Nomon-Han in 1939, real battles were fought and the Japanese were heavily defeated by superior Russian artillery and mechanized power with a loss of some 20,000 men. They further knew that the Siberian-like infantry or rifle divisions have always been used in the first and the second world wars in particularly critical places on the front. They combine their solid bravery and the toughness of the Russian infantry with a dash and a spirit of initiative coming from their pioneer stock. With the collapse of Japan and Germany, Russia is now in the fortunate position of having no more enemies on her border menacing her with invasion. She has solved all her historical problems and the urge towards an open sea, which probably she now will be able to fulfill by securing an outlet in Manchuria. But this as well as the other problems arising on the Russia-Chinese border will require some delicate negotiations with China and have probably been discussed in the recent conferences in Moscow. With these problems settled, let us hope the opportunity will come to Russia to achieve unhindered the greatest conquest of all, a peaceful development of her own great empire in Asia. Thank you, Andrei Lubanov-Grostovsky. You have been listening to The Pacific Story, presented by the national broadcasting company and its affiliated independent stations as a public service to clarify events in the Pacific and to make understandable across currents of life in the Pacific Basin. For a reprint of this Pacific Story program, send ten cents in stamps or coin to University of California Press, Berkeley, California. May I repeat, for a reprint of this Pacific Story program, send ten cents in stamps or coin to University of California Press, Berkeley, California. The Pacific Story is written and directed by Arnold Marquis. The original musical score was composed and conducted by Thomas Paluso. Your principal voice was that of Ian Keith. Programs in this series of particular interest to service men and women are broadcast overseas to the worldwide facilities of the Armed Forces Radio Service. This program came to you from Detroit and Hollywood. This is the national broadcasting...


All this month get any smartphone 32 giga under for 50% off regular price at Appalachian Wireless. Better service, bigger savings, that's today's Appalachian Wireless. While supplies last, two-year agreement required. Three inmates in Pike County could face a decade-long prison sentence for allegedly attacking another inmate. Carl Markham, Skylar Kenny and Tyler Thacker are each facing second-degree assault charges for allegedly attacking Travis Johnson. The men are accused of attacking Johnson while he was in his bunk in the cell causing severe injury. He had a broken jaw and maybe a broken orbital bone but there was another broken bone in his face so they were substantial injuries that was obviously done with a fist or foot or some kind of body part. Johnson was taken to Pikeville Medical Center where he was treated for his injuries. Pikeville police was notified the next day and the investigation got underway. The reason for the alleged attack remains unclear but the investigation is ongoing. The reason we was notified that the next day of the assault was due to the victim being at the Pikeville Medical Center but yes they do contact us on every assault to make sure an outside agency investigates it. Markham, Kenny and Thacker as well as the alleged victim Travis Johnson all remain lodged in the Pike County Detention Center. Second-degree assault is a Class C felony charge punishable by between five years and ten years in prison. Being in Pikeville for EKB News, I'm Chris Anderson.


Hello, everybody, welcome back to another AI video. In this one, we're in chat GPT, and I'm going to show you how to use chat GPT to create your own course or course plan. And this is going to include lessons, exercises, all of these various things that may or may not go into a course. I'm going to show you how to do it. And not only that, you could take these types of courses. And then, of course, with a little bit of your own Flare thrown in, you can sell them on places like Skillshare and Udemy and Gumroad, for example. So let me show you. I'm going to click over here on the left side to create a new chat. We're going to go through it step by step. Now, this works in both GPT 3.5 and GPT 4. But it works a little better in 4, so I'm going to use it. Plus, I paid all that money for it, so I might as well get my money's worth. So here we go. The first step, and I'm going to put this prompt into description. So I highly recommend you take this prompt word for word. I'll read it to you. And I just copy and paste it in, and then I hit Enter. Basically, what it says is we create a comprehensive course plan with detailed lessons and exercises for Photoshop. Now, I have Photoshop. This will say Topic, or it'll just have a space where you can put the topic of your choice in. Again, this is totally up to you what you create your course on. I'm doing Photoshop because I know Photoshop quite well. And then you also covers the experience level of Expert. I've selected an Expert level course because, A, I'm very good with Photoshop, and B, I want to see how good these courses really are. It's one thing to create a basic level course. But if you ask GPT to create an Expert course, well, you should be getting some Expert level stuff. And I should be able to assess that. So there you go. And then here it goes. The course should be structured with an average of 10 lessons using text and code blocks, if necessary, for the lesson format. I've used 10 lessons, but if you want fewer lessons or more lessons, all of these can be adjusted as you see fit. And then here we go. We're going to get a full course plan, including course title and brief description, course objectives, and overview of lesson topics. Now, the detailed lesson plans for each lesson include objectives, content, and exercises, and activities. Again, these are all optional, but I highly recommend you go with this one. And the reason why is because when we do the exercises and activities, I'm going to show you how to get Chat GPT to create those for you on top of the whole plan. Finally, it's just here, final assessment or project. And again, the topic is Photoshop, just a quick reminder, and the experience level is Expert. Last thing I'll note here is you want to type this in here. I will type Continue if you run out of tokens for the entire content.  But if you tell it that you're going to write Continue, it will keep on creating the course. All right, here we go. So here's our description. The expert level course is designed to blah, blah, blah. It reads good. Here are the objectives. Here is the course outline and as a Photoshop user, I can say right now advanced imagery touching, advanced layer and mask techniques, advanced compositing techniques. Okay, this is fantastic. These are lessons that should be in an expert level course for Photoshop. So far, so good. Here is a lesson plan, and of course it gives you examples, but the first lesson, advanced image retouching, to learn advanced techniques. Okay, to practice these techniques on different types of images, also sounds good so far. And then here we go. An overview of frequency separation, dodge and burn technique. Okay, you know what? That's pretty high end stuff. In fact, frequency separation, I might have to take a look at that because I haven't done that in a few years. So yeah, even now I'm learning from my own course. Wow, super cool. All right, and then exercises and activities. Notice it gives you the exercises, or the names of the exercises, but it doesn't give you the actual details. We'll get that in a second. Okay, so the next step is, you'll notice here that we got to pretty close to the end of lesson two, but this is a 10 lesson course plan. So I'm gonna hit enter, and here we go.  And now this is the technique that we use to start creating the plan. I'm gonna go all the way to lesson 10, and then I'm gonna show you the final technique to get the exercises. All right, welcome back. So we've got here now to the end of lesson 10, and you'll notice here that it also has given us the final assessment. So let's go back to the top, and let's go look at lesson one, for example. So here is lesson one, the lesson objectives are fine, the lesson content, okay, this is fine. Let's look at the exercise and activities. Exercise one, practice frequency separation technique on a portrait photo. So I'm just gonna go ahead and create a exercise for lesson one, exercise one. Something like that. I just wanted to be that this is the first exercise. Now I want them to create it. So you could type that in a few ways. Here we go. Lesson one, advanced image retouching, practicing frequency separation techniques on a portrait photo. Photo, objective. Instructions, very important here. So it gives you the resources, what you're gonna need, and the instructions. This is the money. This is where you go through it step by step, and you can check it against chat GPT. You go through this and you ask for each lesson, each exercise, and you'll have a perfect course. I'll go one more thing, write a final lesson. What was it called here? They called it final assessments, sorry. Write a final assessment example. Something like that. You can add this in if you want. Here is an example of a correct final assessment, the complex composition project. I like the name of it. Here's the objective. Here are the resources you're gonna need. Here's a project description, and here are the instructions. This is beautiful. This is how you can create expert level courses using just chat GPT in minutes. That's all I got. All of the prompts, everything in here will be in the description below, so feel free to take them and use them as you see fit. Thank you for watching.


Great. Welcome everyone to the Identity Implementers Working Group call for May 19th, 2022. Thank you for joining us today. My name is Char Haaland and I'm a co-moderator of this group with Heather Dahl. Today we will switch up the order, the usual order to accommodate schedules and we'll start with the presentation in the first half of the call, and then move into the working group updates in the second half of the call. So we'll hear a presentation from Adrian Sanglier, Yuri Feliciano, and Heather Dahl on the CARDIA project, verifiable credentials for health information go open source. And as usual, since this is a hyperledger call, we are following the antitrust policy and the hyperledger code of conduct. We are collaborators in this space and anything confidential or proprietary is not discussed on this call. As usual, if you have an interesting projects able to be shared publicly that you'd like to talk about on this call you're very encouraged to do so just reach out to me and we will schedule you in for a presentation on a future call. This call is being recorded, and will be posted on the meeting page later today. So if we can move on to introductions, would anybody like to introduce yourself if you are new or rejoining or just would like to say hi and a few words about what you're involved in in this space. For Adrian and Yuri, I'll introduce you before the presentation, but you're welcome to say hello now as well. Good morning here in Aruba. My name is Yuri Feliciano, an innovation advisor with the Minister of Tourism and Health. And yeah, we've been working with Heather and Adrian on this project for about almost two years now. And so it's very exciting that now we are able to voice all this nice work that we've done. Thank you. Great. We're glad to have you on the call. Thank you. I'll go ahead. So my name is Adrian Sanglier. I'm working for CITA. So CITA is the IT provider of the industry and connecting online and port and governments in many steps of the travel continuum. I've been engaged in, well, some years ago on researching digital identity and especially how can open source help us to streamline those conversations between those three major stakeholders in the industry for the good of everybody, all travelers mainly. And I'm working at the CITA lab. So that's the research arm of CITA. And I'm leading the blockchain and digital identity research program. And I'm very, very happy to be talking about all, all jointly for today. Great. Thank you so much for joining us. All right, and I have sent out the wiki link for this meeting. So if you're willing to just put down your name. To show that you attended today, that would be great. So now we are, instead of jumping into working group updates, we're going to turn it over to Heather, Adrian, and Yuri to hear about the Cardia project. So I will pass it over to you three. Great. And I'll, I'll share the slide deck with everyone here. I'm so happy to be here talking with you today, Adrian, Yuri, and I this follows on the presentation that we did last week, which was the first time the three of us talked jointly in a presentation session. Actually, we were physically in the same location too, which was a milestone, because as Yuri said, this marks two year anniversary for us working on this project which makes it especially exciting. The other thing that we want to flag is that we had the honor of being there with Adrian and CEDA. When they won the Cupinger Coal European Identity and Cloud Conference Verifiable Credential Award that was given that night the same evening that we gave our presentation. And so it's an honor to be here with both of them to present about the work that we have been more focused on for so long. So I think, you know, a good place to start Adrian like they say is what is the problem that you're solving from CEDA's perspective, two years ago. What was the problem that you were looking to solve. It's hard to believe it's been two years already. But you're right, it's important to mark the milestone. And I think that's the best way ever we could have it was last week. It was a good emotional moment at the EIC. So really, the problem we're looking at solving is, well, international travel. I think it has been more complicated than ever. With those changing requirements, lots of paper documents now are required to travel along the whole. And when you think you usually go at the airport with a bunch of printed documents, you're not exactly sure which one going to be required, inspected, needed. Even the airline agents sometimes do not really know where the current states of the regulation falls that specific destination. I would say, in a nutshell, we need preclearance. That means we need to have a confirmation that on a digital way, before going to the airport, I have met all the requirements to fly to this country. But governments in order to provide the determination would also need some assurance about the data. We need access to verifiable information so that preclearance can be given to the passenger. And as a passenger, then I feel good because I know I would be, I would be clear to fly to this destination. So that's really the main, the main problem we're looking at solving.  Today, it's really hard to believe that Aruba was closed. What was your reality? What was the problem that you were looking to solve with this collaboration? Yes. Yes, it's, it's incredible it's been two years. But but like I like to be clear Aruba is not more than 90% dependent on tourism. So closing the border was a pretty big deal for us. And exactly like Adrian saying you, you as the government would implement the rules, you would have to actually make sure that they are viable for the traveler. And this this word that agent use also the preclearance was very important. You have all these paper documents yet yet you don't know the legitimacy of any of them. You're just going by, by, by, by your eyes most of the time. And this was a big issue for us. And it was a big issue as we are opening back the border. So having this verifiable credential verifiable data and directly connected so that you are in a way what we accomplished with this pilot was that you are held preclear to come to the country. And this was important for us because especially as tourism is our big deal is our main bread and butter. The, the tourists, even though you would even we had the upload of a document, it still takes time. It's not immediate. It's not preclear as agency. And we, we saw also cancellations between these times. So this was a big problem and it's a huge benefit for the travel for sure. What I'm going to do is I'm going to switch screens because I want to show where we were at one year ago. And this is the happy traveler card as you can see everyone here it's on YouTube you can watch it as well on your free time. And this marked was our first deployment of this system in the wild with with restaurants casinos arrival, the clinics at the clinic at the airport clinics, and we needed a way to communicate this. And so what this video does is it outlines what we did in our first year so I'm going to play it over to you first. We did that implementation a year ago. And at that time, what did that work mean for CEDA and innovation in the commercial aviation industry. And what happened since then. Right, so I think what we demonstrated with this project is really that decentralized identity works to a change health data. And I think there was a major milestone. It works because well it's simple. You do not need to establish point to point connections with all the verifiers and all the issues. It is secure of course because it's based on everything that has been done in the last maybe decade or two decades on on the open source community using all the cryptographic standards that that we know on Ursa and you know. I think it is preserving privacy about individuals about issues. Because well it follows of course the principle of self sovereign identity. So then what we've done is, well, we have taken this trust platform that was this proven, and we enrich it with health data that is coming from health providers from other jurisdictions. So that's as a traveler, I can claim this health data. I can store it on my wallet and control it on my wallet one form of mobile application and then exchange it with an ETA system that Aruba government already had so ETA electronic travel authorization. Therefore, the Aruba government as it is very valuable information that is digital can take well an informed decision about this data which is we've seen exchange privately and can then issue something back to the individual. So that's the main change in the process is as a traveler, I'm flying to this country. I've submitted this information exchanging data directly with this web and I get something back instead of in form of of another variable credential and I have a receipt that yes I've been authorized to travel to Aruba so that I feel happy now when I travel and I go to the airport because I've passed successfully all the health checks. And Yuri that was great anyway Adrian talked about is the traveler I'm happy and that that is the theme of Aruba is happy. When you saw the system go into play a year ago. How does something like decentralized identity not only address the problem that you were solving but then beyond that. Well, yeah, well, I have to say we had the different solutions. So you have something like this that is completely decentralized and we were also other we were running other pilots with centralized and completely centralized other ones. So you see this great benefit in giving the traveler more power. In many sense we are as the island we want to protect the traveler and that's what verifiable data gets us as to not only the individual but the ones that he will be in contact with. So, the part of decentralization, I have to be honest, in the beginning, it was very hard to explain. So when I see this video I'm always happy to see this video because it was something so nice that we can express what we were talking about. Yeah, so for the island it was very important to have a solution like this that you can say that you give back the power to the traveler. And I think that's what was very well accomplished. So when we first started talking what really stood out in my mind was the commitment of Aruba to a traveler's privacy. And as you led with that you were committed to that, and allowing the traveler to have control over their data. You were also committed to open source and interested in exploring that as well. Can you talk to us a bit more about the role of open source in your innovation. Yeah, for us, especially as a small island. We've had a lot of issues with different vendors, softer vendors. So, especially being in the government, you have this always have connection with a specific vendor. I think open source for us, especially in that part, we I saw it as the government also saw it as being more of open as the word says open, but not to have this vendor locking was important. And I think one thing is also about open source is the community that you have more than just CETA or or in these you have a community behind it that can work and have very well outcome on the situation and communication towards government agent or a small island in our case. And absolutely with with CETA, it was very important also from day one, Adrienne, that this was developed and I think that's also why we're committed and doing sessions like we are today with the implementers working group is we started with open source. We continued with open source, and then I think what was interesting was a year ago when we were in the midst of it all and the thick of it on on the implementation. The opportunity with Linux Foundation Public Health showed up. Do you want to talk more about that. Sure. So, I think adoption really is the key challenge of this centralized identity because well, the model is new and and well you get the value when you have a critical mass. And in order to get adoption, you need trust, of course. And we've seen that well transparency and neutrality is what we need to guarantee that adoption. So the use of open source was then obvious to us and and CETA was was already quite familiar with open source communities and the use of those models. In a sense, CETA also represent a very diverse industry. We, as I said, we represent airline, airport and governments so we need to have all those people communicating to each other. So, as I said, neutrality comes also with open source. So that's why there was, there was really our focus. As if all of what we've done was built on top of open source, it was natural to us that we would give something back, if I can say so. And that's why we donated the code we developed in partnership with the government of Aruba within this year to the open source community. We created Kandia. So that's how really how does this came to the buff. And, and it's today a very active community we meet every every Thursday and it's a, it's very hot warming to see that community growing day after day and the week after week. And it's now, you know, we see more and more companies organizations each to us really joining this group. And we, with partnership with, of course, you had to organize also those interoperations that are also very successful. So we're very, very proud and happy about the path that we've, we've all taken that sign. Well, I think what was interesting, I think are maybe the most emotional part about winning the award last week was you see those images where they talk about progress and it's just that straight line up into the left. And in reality, it's anything but and ours was a story of the loop to lose back and forth of what reality is, and, you know, it took determination and drive at times heroic efforts by all of our teams. So with that award, I think it was the first time we had that moment to say, Oh my gosh, we just went through not only a pandemic together, but we went and pushed ourselves to accomplish a technology that was emerging and make it an absolute reality with people who are not engineers, but who are actually traveling. And with that, I think I learned more about verifiable credentials in the two years of working with both of your teams and I did the entire 10 years prior. And so I think it's really important to hear from both of you, the lessons that you learned along the way. And so maybe we'll start with you Adrian and then we'll go to you Yuri. Sure. So, I think, you know, I'm with you, we learned a lot. And a few listen learn that we can summarize today is first on the data itself. As we, but there you're just enough is perfect so I would recommend for anybody willing to go and implement a solution based on this decentralized identity. Make sure you do your due diligence on data. And also an immigration agency, we need all the data to clear border, because there's a policy in place, all the information contained in, for example, a digital travel credential we need to be to be disclosed. But that's not the case for, for example, an airline, an airline just needs to know you have a valid boarding pass and it matches your identity. But even that can create a problem for an airline to get access to, to more information than this. That's the beauty of variable credential that we should reuse. It's all about selective disclosure and be able to answer question based on a credential. So make sure you, you better you take all the benefit from this, it can really make life simpler. Also, in terms of interoperability, we cannot have world domination plans today. There's a lot of solution that exists, the data on the ship. So make sure your solution works with everything that's that's out there. So focus on standards, focus on, on, on, on being open, I would say, in this solution. Oh, sorry. Yeah, just a first thing which was also interesting learning is there's never a magic in the central identity. Because of value it's all in automation. So you can reach a level where it's automated. And the integration has been performed so it's still 90 projects, as we, as we know it and with all the security assessment and connect the API and do your architecture design review and planning of time for that. So yeah, that was my, my further, let's say an advice. It's not magic and we witnessed every gritty detail along that way, especially I know you're you and your team as well. So do you want to wrap it up on the lessons learned for us and bring us to a close Yuri. Yeah, sure. I think one of the things I learned was trust Heather, because that was a very good lesson here. But, but yeah, exactly like agents say in the data, we are keen on this traveler's privacy, as we are Dutch island and we are not pressured by the GDPR but we have to follow it. So it was very important for us to acknowledge this. And then in in this project itself. It's not magic like agents said, but it's be very agile in different ways we had to move things around and know this team. Sita and in DC were here on the island, just knocking on doors so so it was very. There was a different type of implementation of a project for sure and I think we've. That is something that we learned on it that that following the standard doesn't say you know you don't have to always follow the standard in order to accomplish it for sure. Absolutely it was, let's just say resourceful was a really good word to describe our last two years together. I want to thank you I want to thank the implementers working group for allowing us to present today. I have a couple minutes to take questions hearing might have to drop because he needs to go on to another meeting. But I think Adrian and I can also stay as well for a few minutes to field any questions so sharp back to you. Thank you so much Heather and thank you Adrian Yuri and Heather for such a great presentation. We can open it up to questions if anybody has anything they'd like to ask. What are you using for machine readable governance technology. Well, we actually developed the machine readable governance that you see in the cardio GitHub specifically from this project because in the very early days of Ruben needed to make decisions based on their regulations their requirements their compliance, and they did not want a third party to necessarily make those decisions on their behalf. And so that was the, the actual start of what you now know is machine readable governance, you can pick up that code and watch. You can have that on the DCO YouTube channel there's a whole hour on it, and cardiac dot app there are links to the governance that we use, but maybe Gary before you go you just want to talk a minute about why that was important and then we'll go to Adrian. Yeah, I think I think that that's important because of the business rules and what was really different from all the other pilots that we were running was this switch that you are able to revoke that credential at any time. And it would be, it sounds different but just that the user normally at DCC or a smart health card the user has a QR code. And in this solution, the, the other side has the QR code. So it's a it was a nice switch but it works for the exact for the governance itself and applying a business rule, ever changing three days 24 hours or whenever it had to be it. It was on on on time and correct all because you can revoke this verified credential at any time and run the rules as they as needed was very important. I want to thank you, Yuri. I know that you have your next call, but I'll have Adrian pick up on machine readable governance here. Thank you guys. Bye. Thank you. So, yeah, I would just add to what has been said that the value we've seen machine readable governance was the ability to provide a registry or directory of trusted issuers who is actually entitled to to issue this, this credential and so verify it that also very, very important. Because it has been in the in the air travel community, a very big problem. How do we maintain this registry, who is able to to host it. And who is going to is going to have access to it so that was very fundamental, let's say part of the solution is be able to distribute this registry of trusted issuers and verifiers. And this guarantee also scalability, which is very important because that that can really reach very high levels in terms of number of issuing parties. So, I think that that was a key learning also from that piece. I was wondering, what does the this recent EIC award mean for the project. So EIC means European identity conference. That's the yearly conference that this consulting firm, Couping Girl called posts every year. So they are very active in digital identity and cloud. So we're very, very happy to be part of this. And when when you, first of all, we didn't know we were winning that award till I called out see his name. So what was it went through your mind, Adrienne, as you were looking at the acceptance of that and what it means to the innovation that you've been working on going forward. So really, yeah, that was a surprise and very good surprise. And then immediately in the hours that after after this, this opens a lot of lots of past three. And the first one is about reusing those travel credentials or those identity credential better said into the travel continuum. That border crossing when we travel, let's say a long haul or we go for vacation or business trip. So that's the first part of the first piece that says inspection piece point that we we go through but but then usually you have to rent a car you have to check in at a hotel. You might need to check in at your, you know, an event or convention center. So what we are really now looking into is reduce the, the trust that trust that the drive gone and created when they inspected that identity credential to derive also credentials such as. Yes, I've entered this country and I'm allowed to check into my room, or I have a valid driver license. And, and I can forward this information to the current company, so that really international travel become absolutely seamless. The fact that credentials are reusable brings a lot of value into into that process which is today extremely extremely complex by nature of all those stakeholders involved. Great thank you. There are there are there any other questions from anybody. All right, well Heather and Adrian thank you so much for this discussion it was very interesting and congratulations again on the award must have been very exciting. Thank you. Thank you. Great. So with that we can return to working group updates. Again this is a switched call so we're doing working group updates seconds, I will return to screen share. We can go back to our announcements. Next week in DC is hosting a meetup call on did indeed we had a presentation on this project. And on this call, two weeks ago, but if you're interested in learning more, you can register at the link provided. Okay, as has been mentioned the European identity conference happened since our last meeting and for from Heather and Adrian, we heard a bit about this conference from the perspective of accepting the award for the career project but would you to like to share any of your overall impressions or experience from the conference. Any common threads that came up. So let's go back and start Adrian. There was a dedicated track session around decentralized identity that was built in by EIC and Cooper or call. So I think that was great all of the sessions we had a variety of people from the space presenting all of them are highly attended with We had more more traditional legacy identity providers, specifically they're attending to learn about decentralized identity and that is why they attended the event. I think yesterday cooking or a call published a blog, talking about these are seeing the convergence of these two types of identity technologies happening, and that they're probably more mature than a lot of individuals in this and the larger identity space understand so Adrian what was your take on it. So what I, what I really got from from the conference is that also a lot of people at an interest, and also quite a fascination for decentralized identity. And I think what was, I think, valuable was the fact that we could also provide some lesson learning and concrete written of experience would say or feedback on the case that were that we developed along with the government of So, we, we had a lot of interesting comments discussion, and also the fact that the other vision, it's starting to be to be shaped, starting to turn into into a reality, tangible reality. So I think that's that's extremely pleasant to see. And, and we hope that now that we are making a step forward, also organizations and group will jump into the train, I would say, to promote really the use of this identity to to solve those complex problems of, well, identity sharing between multiple organizations. Thank you for for sharing your impressions it sounds like a great success in the conference. Are there any other announcements that I'm missing in general for the space that anybody's aware of. All right, if there are no more announcements, we can move on to the working group updates for the main identity working group we reported on their April meeting in our previous meetings. Let's see, Indie contributors. In their last meeting they went over progress on the Indie areas shared components and they showed their load test results and also put out a call for resources on completing the did the Indie open to 20.04 upgrade. If you're interested in getting involved and putting in time on this project I'm sure that would be very much appreciated. As we've said on previous calls the did Indie method meetings have been merged back into the regular Indie contributors meeting which have have gone back to their regular time. All right areas working group meetings. Let's see. Anybody join this call would like to report. In their meeting yesterday, they discussed fully qualified did device binding push notifications and a non kids terminology in the areas by fold user group meeting. They've been working on peer to peer connections and going over their framework documentation. So there's links here if you'd like to learn more areas cloud agent Python meeting. I usually attend this one but I was out of the office so I missed this one. Still, still getting ready to release 074. I believe it's released candidate to that is out currently. It's being tested. And then, so just figuring out those PRs which ones go in the release, and then persistent cues as well. Let's see. Aries framework go they've mainly been going over work updates. More links here if you'd like to investigate further into those PRs. And then framework JavaScripts. In the last meeting they discussed the merging of issue credential the to and out of band did exchange, and then EBS, I support for AFJ. So lots of great work happening there. Hyper ledger Ursa. They, as far as I can tell they haven't met in the past few months. Hyper ledger working group updates that I'm missing that anybody's aware of. All right, we can move on to the trust over IP foundation. Let's see. We had the all members meeting yesterday was anyone involved in that meeting who would like to share about it. Yeah, sure the big component of it is one that you already went over the EIC and you know, you know the, it was a success. Similar to what Heather was saying, that there's a lot of interest in decentralized identity and its intersection with. Yes, especially federated. And trust over IP was very happy with what it did and, you know, initially, there was a request for trust over IP to to speak with the game, the global gosh was a stand for identity network. And there was hesitation there but ultimately, there was trust over IP represented represented in the in the game discussion but yeah that was, I think that was about it. Thank you. That seems like a lot of our groups have been reporting on the European identity conference and discussing what happened there so thank you for that update. All right, let's see moving on to the, the trust of IP working groups in the communications committee. I can tell they haven't met since we last met so I think we've reported on them. The governance stack they met last week and mainly discussed the status of the work of the of the task forces. And Scott Perry also talked about the governance 101 webinar from conception through governance documentations. The recording is there if you are interested to learn more. The technology stack working group they met this week and again reported on task force updates discussed the potential for a task force on AI and trust, and also discussed EIC. Their, their current focus is the to IP technology architecture specification v one. All right, the utility found reworking group. They're again working on the public utility directory and document called a framework for evaluating layer one utilities, and it looks like they're beginning a new collaboration to focus on layer one governance task force that will put a template for layer one governance framework. And then in the ecosystem foundry group, they had a presentation from Steven Kern on a model of ecosystem governance under development concepts and terminology group. They met last week and talked about this terminology toolbox proposal, which I've linked if you'd like to learn more. So any other to IP announcements or working groups that anybody would like to share. All right. Next up is the decentralized identity foundation in the diff did come working group. They are mainly going over PR review issue sorting and planning. Here's a specific pull request that's linked if you'd like to learn more. The did come users group this unsink meeting. That is held over discord. In their meeting yesterday they discussed a GitHub action problem on did come.org analyzing digital web node, and did come as a control channel is a potential metaphor. Let's see the diff interoperability group. They met several weeks ago and reported on IAW. They've listed that their next meeting will not be until June 8. The wallet security working group. I don't believe that that since we last met unless anybody has other information. Let's see, are there other diff working group updates or says updates that anybody would like to share. Let's see, moving on to the sovereign foundation. Is anybody involved in any of these meetings or I don't believe they've met since early February. And then the W3C standard. And based on their, their meeting notes and what they have online I wasn't able to see that they met more recently than us so. Are there any other working group status updates that anybody would like to share. We've kind of breeze through these today so if anybody wants to jump in you're welcome to. I have a question in the chat can I use did come in the areas toolbox. Yes, that is what we use for establishing or sending messages forming connections in the areas toolbox and toolbox plugin more recently. The exchange has been implemented for forming those connections as an alternative to did come but so those are both options. All right, I guess we've were potentially ending a bit early because we've had fewer working group updates this week but does anybody have any other questions or updates or anything they'd like to share for the group. Thank you so much for sharing your behalf char that you're going to be presenting next week at noon Eastern time with Daniel bloom, taking a deep dive on the did indeed methods so that's something that folks are interested in. You'll be doing that. Yeah, thank you for mentioning that. And the link is is here on this wiki page which I will send out again. If you are interested in registering for that. Thank you for mentioning that. And one last question in the chat here. How does the mediator work in the demo of the areas toolbox. That is a great question. There is a protocol for the mediator in the areas toolbox I know I think there's been some work done on it recently to work out bugs. I'm not sure the exact status of that. So I know that it's a possibility. I'm not sure if it is working in this moment. So, but I can look into that and get back back to you on that. Great. Well, thank you, Adrian Heather and Yuri. For your presentation. Thank you all. Thank you to everybody who jumped in with working group updates and reporting on the European identity conference. Thank you so much for joining today and we'll see you all in two weeks. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you.


Prepare for the extraction point. We've been briefed on all the important stories and events in the world of emerging information. Now, it's time to extract the data and turn it into action. Live from the SiliconANGLE Studios in the heart of Silicon Valley, this is extraction point with John Furrier. I understand, but please tell us a little bit about who you are in your background. Well, I was trained first as a chemist and then in Berkeley as a nuclear scientist was doing experiments and particle physics and what happened was we actually couldn't understand the data we were taking. Now at that time it was only six-dimensionally, but so I started working only six-dimensionally. That changed quickly. That's kindergarten. But so I started working first on batch programs to try and understand it, which is marginally successful. I said, but I really don't understand what's going on and sometimes there were problems in the experiment. So I developed the first interactive system at Berkeley and then actually connected it to the real-time experiment so you could see things as they were coming in and we had such success with that about understanding. But the time it took me to do that, the six-dimensions, it had become 12. And so I had to do more. And it turns out that I spent more and more time trying to develop tools to handle complex information and when I finished my degree, I did a post doc in Nucrophilic, but then the choice came. Do I stay in physics? And I go into computing and I decided really, it was something very satisfying about understanding what was happening because now we're probably up to 15-dimensional data and so I spent, not only did I spend time developing software, interactive software, personal software, but then the machines weren't fast enough so I started designing computers. It's a moving train, right? But the reason that's interesting is that if I had a comment to other people in the field is to me the computer has always been a means to an end, to understand whatever it is I'm trying to understand. Not an end in itself. And I worry at times that people who were trained in computer science, they come up with the computer being the end result. And often I have encountered sadly people in very prominent positions that don't really understand how people use the computer. And that's sad. To me no software that I've developed, no hardware that I've developed has any other purpose than to help me and others understand. And if it doesn't do that, it really isn't worth my time and effort. So talk a little bit about this example that you shared with the audience today. This is a fascinating piece here. We developed, we started as a advanced research program at Sandia over a decade ago. Essentially it was using, at that time the catchphrase was virtual reality. It was immersive environments.  It wasn't like we were trying to create a reproduction of, say, this building.  And if we do this in a way that plays to the human function, the way humans actually interact with their space, that learning would increase. And we were successful there. We were so successful that it spun out from Sandia as a private company, then went public and the successes across the board. What we did was develop a system which, when you interact with your computer there, you're bending your will to it. You interact the way it tells you to interact. You use a keyboard, even mouse clicks and stuff like that. That's not the way you do things, as I said in my talk.  That way you put some virtual buttons, let's say, that came down three-dimensionally and you would press them and you wouldn't drive the car. But you will run your computer that way. And what people have lost sight of, and one of the things I mentioned, a study done by IBM some years ago, they were interested in productivity. And so they did a test where they had a CAD program, a design program, they would give people a specific thing to do. What they didn't know was between the time you said do this, hit the key, and the time the answer came back, they had put on a little knob that varied. So they could put a delay in. They wanted to see how that delay, just between clicking the key and the result, how did that affect your productivity? Well, they started lowering the time, lowering the time, they got down to a second and productivity was shooting up. I said, okay, you know, one second response, then they lowered it. Half a second, productivity shot up. Three-tenths of a second, productivity shot up. It's like, my god, the faster we go, what happens when the computer is truly responding to you, as fast as you can ask questions, you get answers. Your whole way of working changes. It's like a video game. You become engrossed. So question for you. I mean, obviously the personal computer revolution had a lot to put in place to kind of put these static or, you know, glass ceilings, if you will, relative to the design. But with cloud and mobility, you know, Eric Schmidt has been talking about, you know, Google design for mobile. So it's an opportunity for a young, you know, smart guys in Berkeley or wherever to design the next-gen product. What would you advise them? What would you share with them and say, okay, as mobile, which is an opportunity to change the game a bit? Because now you have form factor changes. It's potentially a new car, where the PCs, the horse and buggy mobile could be the car. If it's stretched. But if there's an opportunity to influence a generation, what would you say?  What I would say is, and based on actual real-world experience that we've had, and this may be hard for you to believe, if you provide a human interface to that data, now I'm going to be a little demanding. I'm going to tell you you need between the time I query and the time there's all come back. I better be less than a second. And the way I interact with it is not pushing buttons and stuff. You free me. Again, think about driving a car. Think about what you do when you don't look at your hands. You don't look where buttons are.  You're taking in motor noise. And you say, well, I don't hear the motor noise. You let the motor make a ping and see if you don't hear it. Vibration from the road. You say, I don't feel the vibration. Yes, you do. Your mind processes the roughness of the road. It processes. And you can be talking to someone and you can have the radio on. You're doing all of these things in real time. And you're not breaking a sweat. Make the computer respond like that. If you make the computer respond like that to these large data sets, if you allow people to ask questions. And that's really the miraculous thing. No one knows what's in the data sets. No one. Even people that think they do, I will guarantee you there's surprises in them. Is there an analogy in your mind to chemistry with content? I mean, data is, ultimately, its information is different elements of data, different meanings, different databases. In a way, it's almost like a chemistry or it's physics and chemistry kind of blending together. Because if you want to have a low latency response like that, you got to have a new way to interface with the data at a root level. Absolutely, you do. And do something different. So I guess that's kind of a mind-blowing position to kind of get these young computer scientists. But it's gotten easier. When I started this work, I mean, virtual reality at the time was a big thing. I didn't and still don't like that the name virtual reality. But people developed interfaces. But they weren't trying to use them for data. They were trying to use them for Hollywood and various other things. But we've come a long way. I mean, you can buy a stereo TV now. Very inexpensive. Stereo TV. So I can show you your data. In three dimensions on your own stereo TV. The advent of many of the game systems. Which give you, which will recognize hand motions and things like that. Now that can be used as a gimmick. Every, all of this stuff can be used. But it can also be used to help you. You want to turn, you want to turn a data set around. Just do that. Yeah, what a bit is, what a bit is to a bite. You, United, think about large data sets in that kind of reference because you have to act on a whole new processor, a whole new operating environment has to kind of be created. I mean, is it a recreation? Or is it a, you know? Historically, in business, if you were a computer company and someone, two people came to you with a plan for something new. And one of them was to enhance the user interface. And the other one was make the processor 10% faster. Would you like to bet which one would get the money? And the reason is because having the processor go 10% faster is something that can go up on a sign. You can use it in advertising. Yeah, it's a gimmick. The fact that I made a user 50% faster, that's much more difficult to quantify and they didn't put the money there. They, because they didn't think it would be bringing returns. But we are reaching the point now, the whole conference, you're drowning in data. And I will tell you from firsthand real-world problems, we have accelerated people's comprehension and understanding of data three orders of magnitude, 1,000 times. Can you give us an example? Good, is that good or bad in your mind? Oh, that's fantastic. You ought to see. Three orders of magnitude. Three orders of magnitude. It's Moore's law for the brain. I'll give you an example. I'll give you two that sort of illustrate it. In the first case, we had a company that will remain nameless, one of the largest chip manufacturers in the country, that had prototyped a- AMD. I'm not telling you who it is. Amp and Intel. That had prototyped a new chip and they had five different programs that run analysis on it. Vibrational, heat, electrical. And they were trying to figure out, you know, they had screens that they could bring these data up on. We fused it, turned it into a chip, allowed you to fly around it. The engineer in charge found that there was a flaw in the design in 15 minutes and corrected it. Didn't know it was there. 15 minutes. They'd had it for four months. That's not the story. The story is, as an item of curiosity, we actually queried people in the company. Who knows the least about electricity? One gentleman volunteered his wife. And said she still blows the circuits out in the house. So we actually brought her in. We put her down in the same model. We did not talk about volts or amps or circuits or asics or anything. There was color flowing over this. There was sound and she could fly and she could touch things and things would happen. She really didn't know what she was doing. But you know what? Something went red. Sounds went on.  What's going on? What happened? Figured out. Look, if there's something going on here, she found the problem. And she suggested a solution to that problem. Now the only difference between her and the EE is it took her 30 minutes instead of 15. That's fascinating. So the human mind is its own processor. So what you're getting at is that the current state of what computers have been designed for is like a horse and buggy. And people get funded based upon certain standards. But a new standard kind of needs to evolve. I'll give you one more example in a different area. This one I can't mention because enough time has passed. Roger Pinsky and Goodyear Tyron-Rubert. Pinsky was running race cars obviously. And he was losing races. Not but a lot by fractions of a second. And but it was continuous. This was bad. Why are we losing races? I couldn't figure it out. So they instrumented the car. They put telemetry on it that would, NASA would put to shame. They broadcast it on five different tracks, full races, brought all the data back, set a team of people down. Okay, why are we losing races? Two years later, they hadn't a clue. Now they were using the same sorts of interfaces, frankly that you see here. They spread graphs, comparative graphs of all the stuff sliced this way. But they didn't know what they were looking for. They just knew they were losing races. Somewhere in that information was the answer to why they were losing races. Well, Pinsky, after spending several million dollars, said okay, we're getting nowhere. I'm pulling the plug. And as a last resort, they came to us. And it took us about two months to build the model with all that data in it. All of it. Simultaneous, 20 dimensions. There wasn't a number showing. There was no graphs showing. None of that. Wheels on the car would morph in size as the pressure changed. You'd think it's cartoonish, but everything that was happening was exaggerated so that as you drove the car, you could see it. You could experience it. Five minutes, they found the answer. Two years, nothing. But the computer didn't find it. The human mind found it. They just had the data in front of them. That's been a big theme in this conference is the human aspect of data curation. So in the linguistics world, you'd have to have some knowledge around ontologies, which has been a field in AI and academic, where machines can do something. But without human interaction, this data stuff doesn't work because there is an element of humanness that needs to interface with the machine. And we've heard a little bit about from some of the data science guys, but I never thought about it at that level. Even Joseph Turian, who was here, he was talking, we asked him about Watson. He said, well, interesting thing about Watson. There's humans involved in optimizing this, not just machines. I gave an example of something that's going on at the University of Washington called Folded. Folded, they had a program. They're trying to figure out how proteins, complex proteins, because they fold together. And it's important for them to understand how they're folded. That affects how they interact with other things in the body. And so they have a computer program, been developed for years, that tries to figure out how a given protein will fold. The guy thought, well, I wonder how humans would do on that problem.  They had done, they had 10 problems that they'd submitted to the computer, gave the same 10 problems to the gamers. And the results went like this. Of the 10 problems, gamers beat the computer five times, tied it three times. Two of the times they didn't get a solution at all, and the computer did. Unfortunately, the computer solution was wrong in both of those cases. So their conclusion from that is actually the best way is a human-computer interaction. Let the gamers, I mean, you can go through why that happened, what gamers were willing to take risks that the computer weren't. They had a long view. They changed strategies when a strategy wasn't working. They didn't keep crunching. And they even knew how to start the problem better than the computer did. So if you want, and that applies to the big data, if you want to have effectiveness, work at a human-computer hybrid, which means you want the human to act with optimal efficiency. You want them to really be engaged. And I think computer gaming is an example. People get hooked on the games because of the feedback it is. Where are you guys located? You in the Bay Area? New Mexico. New Mexico. Okay, so... To the card. New card. We'd like to keep in touch with you. We really appreciate the insight. And I really think it's quite relevant as data science, and computer science, and social science, and cognitive science kind of all intersect here. And again, that's the word. I mean, the embryonic stage of this entire revolution, but mobile is driving a lot of change. So really appreciate the insight and experience, and love to have you back and kind of mentor some of the younger. Oh, thank you for letting me. It was fantastic. So the company is Event Horizon. It's eventhorizoncorp.com. And this is Dr. Kreev Maples, who's the CEO. So thanks.


And the proposed 37-kilometre Fort Mainland Bridge is huge and it's going to be one of the wonders of the world as such. We must be very careful in terms of the social impact and the environmental impact. The panel chairman of the Fort Mainland Bridge project, Professor Ladakbo Afalabi, stated this while chatting with newsmen shortly after an inspection tour of communities where the project turned versus in Lagos. Undoubtedly, this is a very big project and it will be one of the wonders of the world because this is going to be 37-kilometre road and bridge network, a minimum of 5-kilometre bridge across the lagoon and embankment of the rest. I would consider this as a 37-kilometre bridge, it's huge. So we have to be very careful in terms of its social impact, engineering impact, environmental impact and developmental impact. Professor Ladakbo, who stated that even though the road project should have been constructed years back, stressed the need for hold hands to be in debt to ensure it's success. Seen from all the points of impact in places like Igbo-Goba-Yoku, Abramadesh-Nwaya, Ajah, Crossover and all the alignments and the interchanges is that there will be clearly social impact, there will be economic impact, positive and negative and what we are trying to do as a panel is to see how we can mitigate the negative impact. Generally, we need the road and we pray that we can succeed. The road should have been constructed by yesterday, so we are behind time. We want all hands on deck and we pray for success of legal state and whoever is going to be the concessionaire to make a success of it. Hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


At the tail end of last year the free to play indie titles starship simulator added a brand new feature to the sim, the ability to completely cold start the ship. In the new cold and dark mode the player is able to go from wandering the corridors of a quite literally powered off and largely pitch black ship interior using nothing but a torch to see, to having a pulsing reactor core lighting throughout the ship and a functioning warp drive capable of transporting the fully explorable multi-deck starship anywhere in its procedurally generated one to one recreation of the galaxy. As the name implies the intent with starship simulator is to create a fully detailed simulation of the inner workings of a sci-fi starship. That includes multiple playable crew positions throughout the ship, functioning power generation with its own fuel requirements and simulated ship electrical systems as well as multiple bridge stations which again could be filled by players or left to NPC crew members. In such a complex simulation you can't just flick the on switch and have the ship power up before hitting the go button. As an example in the universe of starship simulator the ships warp drive is actually powered by multiple large banks of batteries and it's those batteries that get their charge from the reactor core. The reaction itself uses a combination of elements all of which must be chilled and then pumped from their storage tanks to the reactor core before the reactor can be started and the resultant power has to then be sent to the batteries and then from the batteries out around the ship via series of distributors. The game comes bundled with a very nice fully voiced cold start tutorial which will walk you through a version of the ship for the purposes of training but if you want to do a cold start in your own game session outside of the tutorial you're on your own. You've just got to know how to complete the multi step process just like a real ships engineer. A cold start of starship simulator is huge fun and definitely something we'd recommend trying and if you want to give it a go yourself then we'd absolutely recommend going through the in game tutorial first at least once. However there is nothing quite like accomplishing the task yourself and so once you're comfortable with it we've created a checklist you can use to go through the process outside of the tutorial which you'll find linked in the description below this video. Have you been through the cold start tutorial? Did you try a cold start of your own starship in the simulator and if you did how did you get on? Let us know in the comments below. If you've enjoyed this video be sure to like and subscribe so YouTube shows you all our content and if you'd like to help support our work here at the Burpit you can also join our Patreon links to that and everything we've talked about in this video you'll find linked below. That's it for now thanks very much for watching we very much look forward to seeing you next time.