All right, today is World Water Day. I'm celebrating or accelerating change to solve the water and sanitation crisis that we have around the globe. And because water affects us all, we need everyone to take action. That means you and I, you and your family, school and community can make a difference by changing the way we use, consume and manage water in our lives. And of course that will play a very huge role, you know, in preserving that very important, important, what's it called, that we need for, for staying alive, resources that we need for staying alive. But hey, I've been seeing a lot of videos how I think this was in India.  You know, they have very colorful flowers and all of that. I watched a video, I think, was yesterday how the guy, I can't remember the chemical now that it emits that damages, you know, water. You would think that these things are supposed to be like plants and all of that, but the guy was just talking about how they have tons of that because, you know, again, they are highly, you know, traditional in India and all of that. So they don't destroy the flowers, they put it in water, it flows and all of that. But all of those things, there's a particular, I can't remember the chemical now that it releases into the water that, you know, just damages or destroys the life in the water. So I mean, very little things that we do. Oh, this is not little because there's a lot. There's a lot that we do that actually damages some of these resources that we are blessed with. And we really need to start paying conscious attention, you know, yeah. We really have to be careful, especially, you know, the way we dump things, saving refuge in the sea and all of that. So it's something which we have to be very conscious. And again, talking about water, you know, people, some people are still very, they don't really take it seriously how important water is having to our health. So I remember Ben, the late Sibi Joshua, there was a time which someone asked, how have you been able to, you don't complain being sick, how do you do that? And he told his members the secret is water. So some of his members are taking water and they came back with testimony. I'm assuming they think it's healing, but that's actually a change in lifestyle. So that's important. Me personally, I've had a recommendation when I had gastric ulcer, where they say take enough water. And when I started taking water, I felt it different. So water is really, really important. Absolutely. Absolutely. That's good. Because even as a fitness person, they still tell you to drink a lot of water. You have to drink bottles and bottles and bottles of water every day. If you want to lose weight, you need to drink water. So replace, replace carbonated drinks, replace all your juice and all of that. So if it's not, if it's not fresh food juice, then just replace it with water. Yeah. And it has helped. It has actually helped.  You know the one that annoys me the most? If I see people inside down for doing it, it's okay. But you see inside SUV, you would finish a pet bottle or your canned drinks and all of that and now take down your window and fling it outside. Fling it out. You know sometimes I used to wish that, which day would the government empower me to hold Koboko? I would come down from the traffic. And I would flunk the windows out of me. Like, how do you do that? Like, you know, out of my car would be messy and all of that. Then when I get to somewhere, I can pack up the trash and all of that. Why would you just do it? Like, it's so, it irks my bone when I see that thing. But hey, let's quickly run through what we found in the news. We ran out of time. Okay, so let me, let me go. Tunibu jets out to Paris, London and Saudi Arabia. So recently, it was this week actually, there has been news and people said that he's actually been sick. And the reason why he traveled was because he wanted to get healthcare. But his people have come out of the bonket and they're saying, oh, that after all the stress of the campaign and the election and everything that he has done prior to now, that he just wants to use the opportunity to rest in Paris and London and would later fly to Saudi Arabia to perform the Lesser Hajj. It is wet. Glory, moving on. Me, I need a break too, please. Very needed. The governor of Lagos has said that the red line rail project will be ready for use as an alternative means of transport for Lagos before the end of his first term in office. The governor gave an assurance on Tuesday while speaking to journalists in Lagos after an inspection tour of the ongoing red line rail project and vehicle overpass bridges at Yaba and Noibu train station. So will I say, is this the beginning of something new? No. So I said yesterday that some good thing that came out of all the election back and forth and all of that, is the fact that some of these things that the state governor was being accused of, I mean, yesterday I took the story of him increasing the pay of the civil servants which was one of the promises of JRV in his manifesto. I just want to, let us just be praying that... Well, I won't believe it until it happens. It is well. Alright, so my story is actually quite interesting. It says a truck driver, Buber Muhammad, has been convicted by the Federal High Court sitting in Elorraine presided by Justice Mahmood Sani that this was disclosed by the EFCC, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, where they verified Twitter handle that the convict was one of the 13 suspects of, I think they deal with illegal mining of crude minerals for sale outside the state. Now this 37-year-old truck driver, I think he would face a one-year imprisonment for possession of solid minerals confirmed by the Nigerian Geological Survey Agency to be Lepidolite. There's this one called Montmorillonite and Chrysolkola. I don't know their names, but one of the minerals, that's the Lepidolite, is one of the raw materials that has been used in production of batteries for cars, for phones, cell phone cameras, and other electronic devices. So I look at this story. So they've confiscated his truck, and of course they've apprehended the driver.  So it is a joke.  It is a joke to me reading this story, because truly this one is just a victim caught in the line of fire. If you really want to trace illegal mining, it's pretty simple. All these things that we pretend like we don't see, we turn a blind eye, they are people truly taking up our mineral resources. Big time foreigners coming to mine illegally and all of that. Why are we not arresting those people? Why are we not facing those people?  You're always looking for the small fishes to catch. You don't want to make it seem like they're actually doing the job? Absolutely. Because I saw the news and it said that they were going to give him one-year imprisonment or he would pay a fine of 400,000 naira. If you really want to do the job, there are the real cartels. Let us target them and catch them by the jogula. Alright, we'll take a break now. I want to discuss kidney health. Stay with us. We'll be right back.


Thank you, Lucia, and thanks for the opportunity to present on behalf of the CSER investigators. So the title of my talk is based on a quote that's attributed to Julius CSER, I came, I saw, I conquered. And although I think that the work that we have to do is not quite that simple, I think I want to show you that our version of CSER really is helping us build the road map to victory. So what is CSER? Well, we're a multidisciplinary consortium that is united by the common theme of moving the genome into clinical practice. And we have a broad range of issues that we are trying to address. First, in looking at the generation and interpretation of genomic sequence data. Second, the challenges of integrating that sequence data into patient care. And third, examining the implications of bringing sequence data into the clinic. And although we recognize that clinical sequencing is happening outside of our consortium as well, what we really bring to the table is the ability to study and investigate the ways of doing this and different approaches and from that learning about best practices. So this is the organization of the consortium. It has external advisory committee with some of our members here today, as well as a steering committee that has representation from all of these groups as well as rotating chairs. There are what we refer to as the U awards, which are nine sites which were funded under common mechanisms. And we also include the NIH intramural program into that group. And then there are nine additional awards, which we call the R awards. And those were funded under a different mechanism, primarily focused on return of results, but have a lot of overlapping interests, primarily in the LC areas with the U awards. So all of these projects have come together to build the consortium. Our coordinating center does a fantastic job of helping us work together and integrate across these individual projects with nine working groups that are supported and represented by all of the projects. There's a lot of diversity in CSER. So our projects are focused on about seven different clinical domain areas. We have healthy adults, adults with cardiomyopathy, adults who are... I'm not sure that there's anything, it's not displaying on this computer either. Yeah. I'm going to have no problem going through my 40 slides without any support. Okay, great. Thank you. Adults who are in the context of preconception carrier screening, pediatric disease, pediatric cancer, and adult cancer. There's also some variation across the sites in terms of whether they use genome sequencing or exome sequencing, as well as three sites who do both tumor and germline exome sequencing. We think of our study diversity as a really great strength of CSER. This allows us to understand better ways of approaching clinical sequencing. I think many people would say that it's too early to really focus in on one approach to how we would implement sequencing and clinical practice, and this diversity allows us to really study what's happening. And so I want to focus on the four areas here that are influencing what kinds of subjects are in our studies. We have cases and control subjects, adults and pediatric. We study the clinicians as well as the patients in our studies. And some sites are also including families or trios. We also, as I mentioned, have different approaches to how the sequencing is performed. And finally, the last two areas are different approaches for how the results are returned. So I refer to the guided approach as those sites that use gene lists to decide before the sequencing happens what might be the relevant genes to look at for that clinical phenotype or for incidental findings. And other sites use an unguided approach where they do the sequencing first and then based on the variance that they find decide what is important to return to those participants. And lastly, we have different kinds of experts who are returning the results to participants. And so this will help us inform how to actually conduct these visits and what's needed in order to return the information to patients. So what has Caesar learned so far? We've published over 200 publications and over 700 presentations, which is about one presentation happening every other day. So the consortium has been incredibly productive. I would have to talk really fast in order to go through it all today. So I'm just going to highlight some of the areas that we've been working in and use particular sites and particular working group products as examples. But there's a lot more that's been happening. So I'm going to organize the work into three major accomplishments. First, generating new evidence. Second, contributing to professional guidelines. And third, the development of infrastructure, methods, resources and tools. So starting with generating new evidence. One of the really exciting projects that's been happening across the consortium is what we call the variant bake-off. And I think this is really highlighting the value of having us work together. So in the variant bake-off, there were nine laboratories that participated. And each laboratory was involved in calling 98 variants. They didn't all do all 98 variants, but there was overlap across the laboratories. They used both standardized criteria from the ACMG, as well as their own laboratory-based criteria. And then we did an analysis comparing those pathogenicity calls across the labs. And so about a third of the time, the labs got the same call. And about 40% of the time, they got very similar calls. So that would be something like likely pathogenic in one lab and a variant of unknown significance in another lab. But you can see that about 25% of the time, there was a little bit more discordance between the laboratory calls. And investigating what's going on and understanding what's different across the different laboratories helps us understand how to improve our methods. And so this is just an example of one of the variants where there was a lot of discrepancy across the laboratories. And you can see that when we looked at which particular criteria in the ACMG criteria were used, that also varied across laboratories. And the labs have spent about the last six months going through each of these 98 variants one by one and understanding what the discrepancies are and why they differed. And I think this is really going to help us improve our methods as we go forward. Another example that really highlights the strength of our consortium in having diversity is from the sequencing standards workgroup. And this example, they looked at all the different platforms that are being used for generating sequence to identify poorly covered regions across the genome. And so they identified about 114 genes that occur in these poorly covered regions. And of those 49 genes were commonly missed by all centers. And so this analysis has also been expanded to include other sites as well. But I think it really highlights the strength of having diversity across the consortium and not all doing things exactly the same way. We've been collecting metric information across the consortium and this is a combined table looking at the germline findings that are reported back to participants that are related to the clinical phenotype for those participants. And so one of the interesting areas of doing this is looking at how these yields differ depending on phenotype. And I think this is also a strength of having us look at different clinical settings and helps us to understand how does the use of genome sequencing differ depending on the particular clinical scenario. So you can see that the return of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variance for instance varies from 6% for all of the cancer phenotypes compared with 42% for the ophthalmology. Because we have so many sites that focus on cancer we're actually able to look at subtypes within that group. And so again this is focusing on the germline findings here but you can see that 6% of subjects who have a pathogenic or likely pathogenic result returned actually varies also depending on the type of cancer that they have. And so I do want to just point out that this breast and ovarian result might be artificially low if those subjects are selected to be individuals who did not have a BRCA finding. We report on other findings as well. So primarily these are looking at incidental findings and one of the important findings from the consortium is that our rate of incidental findings is fairly low around 1.7%. And this is an important benchmark for the community that other laboratories can compare themselves against if they're finding a much higher rate than they may be doing something that is different than how other laboratories are analyzing the results. Many of the sites are also returning non-ACMG incidental findings but again that is a relatively low proportion of subjects. The pharmacogenomics findings, you can see there's a range from 0 to 95% of subjects who have results in that category and I think that reflects the different approaches that the sites have to what kinds of variants they're returning how many genes are being returned for pharmacogenomic variants and an important area of diversity for us to look into further. For the carrier genes we also have a really broad range and we've been doing a study across the consortium to try to understand better how our approaches differ. Some sites report as few as 3 to 10 genes for carrier status other sites report thousands of genes and so that's a major difference in how we decide what kinds of carrier results to report and how many findings you're going to have. And then the last row the potentially clinically relevant variants are from the tumor exomes and there you can see across the sites that are doing tumor exome sequencing they have an average about 58% of subjects have a finding to return. Following up on that last row this is a particular example from the Michigan site that was recently published in JAMA and they had 102 participants in this study 89% of those subjects had adequate tissue to do both exome sequencing on the tumor and the germline of those subjects 46% had potentially actionable findings and for a quarter of them the treatment plan was actually changed for the management of that patient. For about nine participants or 10% they achieved partial or complete remission for at least six months and another nine subjects had variants that were germline variants suggesting a heritable cancer condition and so they followed up with family screening in their relatives. So this just gives you a sense of the yield in this particular study. All of the sites have been focused on different approaches to return of results and this is an example from the NC gene site where they developed a semi-quantitative metric and what's really exciting about this is the metric has now been used by the ClinGen consortium by the Actionability workgroup and implemented for all 56 ACMG genes and that poster will actually be presented next week at ASHG. I think something that everyone in the consortium really values is the case studies that have been presented on our conference calls and in-person meetings and this has really given us a really rich discussion about what kinds of findings, how people are reacting to those findings and the genetic counseling workgroup took some of these illustrative cases and developed a paper on lessons learned that could be disseminated to the community. This is a particular example from the NC gene study of one of those case studies where this woman was a 36-year-old when she enrolled in the study. She was diagnosed at age six with hereditary spastic paraplegia which caused significant morbidity in her lifetime over decades. The exome sequencing identified a variant and a diagnosis of DOPA responsive dystonia and she was able to begin treatment which resulted in a dramatic response where she's now able to walk without crutches and free of her painful daily symptoms. Many of the sites are also looking at cost analysis and utilization studies. These are two examples from the next medicine study at University of Washington that have been published and this data is just beginning to emerge also across many of our sites as our studies are maturing and we have now accumulated the information about what patients do with their results and so the MedSeq project and the NextGen project will be presenting posters on these topics at the ASHG meeting. The Outcomes and Measures workgroup has had a really hard job of looking at all of the psychosocial and behavioral outcomes that are being collected across the consortium and I think this is one area where our diversity has made things challenging for us because the sites are collecting different kinds of outcomes they're collecting those outcomes using different instruments and so it's been a little bit of a challenge to figure out how to do analysis of these outcomes across the entire consortium. They were able to build this framework and identify domains that are being assessed by many of the sites and they are going to focus on the psychosocial impact looking at anxiety and depression as their primary paper that they'll start working on to combine outcomes across the consortium. We've also had many normative and legal analyses that have been conducted across the consortium including looking at liability risk, distinctions between research and clinical care, looking at genetic discrimination, regulatory rules by the FDA and also looking at disclosure of results in pediatric cases and this work has been conducted by the Pediatrics Work Group as well as many contributors from the UNR award sites. So now I want to move on to the contributions to professional guidelines. There have been three major publications during the course of CSER that have been major guidelines from the ACMG and while I don't want to suggest that these would not have happened without CSER I think CSER has had a major influence on the final outcome for these guidelines and as you can see there are many CSER investigators who've contributed in many different ways to these guidelines. So for instance some of the CSER sites had developed their own gene lists for incidental findings that were shared with the committee that was developing the ACMG guidelines and developed the ACMG56 list. And the CSER variant bake off we had a first round that I didn't mention before that was ongoing at the same time that the pathogenicity guideline was being developed and contributed to the thinking of that guideline. There have also been many responses to the ACMG guidelines when they came out and I think this is a particularly valuable part of our consortium that we are bringing so many diverse groups together and that we are trying to prevent being polarized in our thinking by having these discussions and really being able to understand the perspectives from a variety of different disciplines and I think that's really a strength in bringing us together. Finally I'm going to talk about the infrastructure methods, resources and tools that we've developed and I'm going to just really briefly hit upon several examples but I really hope that you get the sense that we are working very hard to share these resources with the community and also that they're having an impact on the community. This is an example from the Michigan site. All of the sites have had a real challenge in developing the analytic pipelines. The Michigan site has gotten their pipeline down to about a two-week turnaround time. I think across the consortium that's about 16 weeks. This is an early example from the Actionability and Return of Results workgroup where we've had processes that have been developed by all sites and how to develop gene lists or decide what to return and they've disseminated those results to the community. All sites have developed gene lists and those have been deposited into an NHGRI website that includes not only CSER but other consortia. We've all developed consent forms and those are available publicly on our website or sorry, informed consent and governance workgroup has thought about recommendations and what is the same and different across our consent forms. We've had really good examples of clinical reports such as this one from the MedSeq project which has been also published by Vassie and McLaughlin and these report templates have also been posted on our website. The EHR Integration Workgroup has worked together with the Emerge Consortium and conducted two surveys about how the sites are integrating sequencing information into the EHR. We've had over 1,100 sequences deposited into DBGAP and CSER when combined across all the sites is one of the top 10 groups that have contributed to the ClinVar database and then many of the sites have developed tools that have been deposited onto our website and are available to others. This has had an impact on many different groups and again we recognize that other people would have been doing clinical sequencing anyway but we believe that what we've done has influenced how they've implemented clinical sequencing and accelerated their plans. Just want to briefly remind people that they're still ongoing work in the consortium through the end of June 2017. There are several different projects that will be happening across all of the sites and these are the areas that we're focusing on and the CSER individual sites have also identified areas that they're still working on and where important findings are still yet to come from their studies. In summary, CSER has had an important influence on how clinical sequencing has been implemented. We're learning important lessons and the whole is much greater than the sum of the parts by bringing us together as a consortium we're really able to learn a lot more than if we were doing this in isolation. I'm not going to dwell on the future but just to say that in your background materials these items that we came up with as a consortium are described further and also will be talked about more during the day and say thank you to all of my fellow CSER co-PIs and everyone who's contributed to CSER. Thanks. Thanks very much, Katrina. We have a couple minutes for questions. Are there questions from the group? Katrina, can you go back like one slide which is there? What is it that you think CSER should be focusing on going forward? Dan, could you use the mic? What is it that you think CSER should be focused on going forward? Thanks. I guess that's the question for the day. I didn't want to dwell on this too much myself because I know that many of the other CSER investigators actually have presentations that will be happening later in the day that they are going to go into these topics further. What I wanted to point out here is that we went through a process as a consortium over the last six months where every site first identified for themselves what they thought were the most important topics and then we came together, discussed those ideas and came up with this list that we felt were the most important things as a consortium and so what I really thought was interesting and maybe not surprising about this list is that it really follows the agenda for today and so I think there's really a lot more time for discussion in some of the other sessions about those topics but that was our process. Bob, did you have a question? Yeah, I did. I wanted to ask you to comment a little bit on one thing that struck me and that is guideline development and the impact of this work outside of genetics community. These guidelines you showed were all published in genetics and medicine. They're all ACMG guidelines and it's been my unfortunate experience to deal, for example, with third-party payers who have told me essentially they don't pay any attention until the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the American College of Physicians, the American Heart Association, et cetera, published guidelines in support of some point that I've been trying to communicate to them. So what I'm wondering is does Cesar have ideas on how to expand their impact beyond the genetics community or are we relying on a... it's not trickle up and it's not trickle down so I guess it's trickle out from our group. So I think that's why the evidence generation is so critically important because I think those other groups really need to see the evidence before payers would decide to implement this within their systems. I know that all of us have that experience within our own organizations and also when we go out to talk to other organizations that they really want to see the evidence and so I think that is the way that Cesar is really going to be able to contribute to and move other groups forward is by providing the evidence that they can base those decisions on. Sharon, we're going to follow on that. One might view it as a negative example but an example of what you said so one of the papers you showed was at a group of the cancer investigators published in the major cancer journal JCO an article saying we did not agree with the ACMG guidelines for incidental finding in tumor sequencing and last week ASCO came out with their new guideline which cited our paper and which says they don't agree with the ACMG guideline for requiring the reporting of incidental findings in tumor sequencing so I think it is important for us to publish internals that are not only genetics journals in order to kind of get our voice out. Great, thank you. One more question from Eric. The papers continued today. If they could address, for example, how is the patient-centered research different than what Cory's doing? How is the first bullet different than what the UDN project is doing? How does increasing diversity differ from I forgot the acronym of the study that's supposed to be serving under served communities? Is it insight? Isn't it insight? Ignite, that's it, ignite. But anyway, if that could be addressed and also I guess with Jeff Schloss's comment how Cesar is going to interact with the other programs in NHGRI just more broadly, I think it would help clarify a lot of it. Great, thank you. All right.


Suspense! At the world famous Waldorf Astoria, where luxury is legend and hospitality is a high art, the discriminating clientele is offered a full selection of C-R-E-S-T-A, B-L-A-N-C-A, Presta, Blanca, Cresta Blanca, When serving magnificent Cresta Blanca wines, the Waldorf preserves a tradition for pleasing the palates of luxury-wise world travelers.  Schenley's Cresta Blanca Wine Company, Livermore, California. And now, Schenley brings you Radio's outstanding theater of thrill, Suspense! Presented by Roma Wines, that's R-O-M-A. Roma Wines, America's favorite wines. Tonight by popular request, we bring back the brilliant young star who appeared with us only a few weeks ago, Mr. Donald O'Connor, and in a play which was first presented on suspense two and a half years ago, and was the subject of considerable comment. Donald O'Connor in The Visitor, a suspense play produced, edited and directed for Schenley by William Spear. It was around two o'clock on a Tuesday afternoon. I was right in my usual groove. Counterman and Al's Coffee Pot Root, 22 out of Baltimore. Not a bad job for a green guy. 18 bucks a week in my meals. But I was aiming to be a short order cook when I really got the hang of things. Well, as I say, it was the usual afternoon, not especially busy, but busy enough. Hey, no kidding, Mac. Where's our Western sandwich? Oh, here you are. What do you have, mister? Ham on Ryan, a cup of coffee, bud. Coming right up. Ham on Ryan, draw one. Look, kid, I'd like to talk to you. Yeah, what about? Have you got a minute? Yeah, I guess so. Al, take the counter, will you? I'm gonna have some coffee. Okay. So what's on your mind, mister? Look, can we go in here? Yeah. I've been looking for a long time for someone who looks like you. Yeah? Your name could be Bud Owen, couldn't it? Why should it? Well, I'm looking for a boy named Bud Owen. For what? He disappeared from his home about three years ago. Boy from my town. He'd be about your age now, about 18. 17. Well, that'll do. Well, his folks have just been worried sick about him. Everyone else gave him up for debt. And then I heard you were working here, Bud. Yeah? Who told you? Oh, no one told me. I got a note, anonymous. You didn't write it, did you? No, no, I didn't write it. You know, I think I'd have recognized you anyway.  Well, anyone would, wouldn't they? Same ears, though. I call them wings. You remember who I am, of course? Mac Burrell. He used to be Chief of Police. Pleased to meet you again, Mr. Burrell. Well, well, Bud Owen. But I know it all is sure going to be surprised. Surprised at what? Why, to see you. Edgerton, certain to a man that you were drowned three years ago off White's Pier. I was drowned, huh? Hey, look, Mr. Burrell, just what is your proposition?  Of course, things have changed some in Edgerton in three years, but not too much. And if you take it easy, and if you have a friend to help you over the rough spots, you'll feel right back at home in no time. I see it. Working in a diner. While you're depriving yourself of everything a boy could want. A good home, lovely parents, wealthy parents. You make it sound kind of nice at that, Mr. Burrell. But what about you? Bud, didn't you know that your father has offered a $10,000 reward for anyone who finds you? No, I didn't know that. $10,000? And think of your folks.  Think how happy it would make them. Uh-huh. Well, Mr. Burrell, if you really think it'll be all right for me to come home. Sure it will. Oh, it may be a little tough at first, all excitement.  Well, you gotta expect some excitement. Yeah, I suppose it was an event, having a homeboy drown. Drown, boy? Why, they thought you were murdered. After I talked to Mr. Burrell for an hour or so, the whole thing sounded pretty darn good. We took the five o'clock train for Edgerton on the way Mr. Burrell gave me the lowdown on what had been going on in the town for three years. How the town thought I was murdered and how my mother and David Cunningham, my stepfather, just wouldn't give up hope that I was still alive. And he told me how my mother hadn't changed anything in my room. She was so sure I'd come back. Although she'd bought new stuff for the rest of the house, new rugs, a couch, things like that. Mr. Burrell described it so plain, I could almost see it. Well, by the time we got to Edgerton, I was feeling pretty sad for my mother. And I thought if I could make her happy, even if it was tough for me, it was worth... Well, it was worth a try. Well, brace yourself, youngster, this is it. Sure, I'm okay, Mr. Burrell. Is that you, Burrell? Yeah, and look who's with me. Oh, Fudd. Hello, hello, Father. Come in. Come in, bud, come in, come in here. Let me take your suitcase. Here, here's your mother, bud. Hello, mother, I... Judith, Judith, this time it's really bud. He's come back to us. Oh, bud, bud. It's all right, darling, it's all right now. Oh, my big baby.  Come out, let's go into the living room. Come along, Burrell. I always knew I'd be silly when you came back. Here, let me push your hair down. Now you look more like my bud. Oh, gosh, I wouldn't have recognized this room. Isn't the couch new? Yes, and the rug's in the drapes. And drapes. I don't know how we'll ever be able to thank you, Burrell. Oh, my, seeing Judith so happy is a reward enough. Oh, yes, yes, that reminds me. We'll drop into my office tomorrow and I'll take care of that other more tangible reward. Well, mother, I don't know how to begin. I mean, to tell you how sorry... Don't tell me anything, darling. Nothing matters except that you're back. That's the spirit, Judith. That's the spirit. Goodness, you're right, handbud. It's all bandaged. Oh, that's nothing much. I burned it working in the diner. It's nothing much. Well, folks, it's been a long day for an old man. I guess I'll run along. Right away, Mr. Burrell. You just got here. Oh, you'll be seeing plenty of me, bud. Right now you should be wanting to get acquainted with your folks again. I'll see you tomorrow, Dave. Oh, yes, yes, of course. Well, have you noticed, Judith, how deep Bud's voice is now? Why, yes. It was just a little pipe when he left. But it was beginning to break, wasn't it, bud? Oh, gosh, I guess so. I sure must have sounded awful. And he shaves, David. Every day, Snooki? Well, gosh, not quite. Now, really, David, I don't think that's so funny. Well, I can't help it. Why, that sounds like Ellen. Isn't that nice? Let her in, David. Oh, certainly sure. Ellen Woods. Why, who else, bud? Does she still live next door? Of course, the woods have always lived there. Ellen, dear, we have such a surprise. Oh, I heard. Hey, Joe, that's simply fabulous.  Hey, hey, Al, shake it easy. Bud, you're just gigantic, a regular beanpole. Oh, bud, I can't wait for Joe to see you. Joe? I call him as soon as I heard he's coming over here. It's all right, Mrs. Cunningham. Oh, of course, Ellen. I forgot him. It'll mean so much to Joe. You know about Joe, bud? Yes, Mr. Burrell told me. I didn't know before. This town's got a lot to make up to that young man. My folks wouldn't let me see Joe, bud. Yeah? Well, they thought that Joe was the last person who saw you, and then, well, he admitted you'd quarrelled.  Oh, no. And I'm thankful for that. There, that's Joe. That's Joe now. Ellen, blown. I ran all the way. She said that... Yeah, yeah, Joe, it's me. Yeah, I guess it is. Well, pal, I hear I owe you an apology or something. Skip it, pal. Now, Joe, we know how hard it's been for you. Only now it's over. It didn't matter, Mrs. Cunningham. I've learned to put up with a lot. Judith, dear, let's go upstairs. Let's give the young folks a chance by themselves. All right, David. But don't stay up too long, bud. You'll need lots of sleep. I won't, mother. And don't forget to turn off the lights. Okay. Good night, children. Good night. Good night. Good night. Well, what'll we do? Cut a rug or chew the fat? Suit yourself. Joe, don't talk that way to Bud. You might remember he's my friend and he certainly was yours. Yeah, I guess he was. Now, look, Joe, I can see how you're sore at me, but don't take it out on Ellen. Kindly don't start messing between Ellen and me. Joe, please. Okay, do I have to make a speech? So you're home now, bud, and I'm the last one to kick. But when you toss it all off by saying you owe me an apology or something, well, maybe it's not easy to remember we were friends. Well, I didn't know what to say. I know I tried to remember we were friends when the whole town was sure I'd killed you. And I tried to remember it when the draft board listed me as undesirable because they thought I was guilty. Yeah, but... Yeah, I even tried to remember we were friends when for three years people crossed the street so they wouldn't have to speak to me. And people got up and walked out of the room when I came in and would... Oh, gosh, Joe, I... I didn't realize that. I am sorry, Joe, honest. Joe, you should be the first one to walk around town with Bud right tomorrow morning. If you both like it, I'll go with you. If it's all right with Bud. Is it? Boy, I'm gonna need company. Then it's a date, huh? No kidding, Bud. I'm glad you're home, fella. No heart feelings? Oh, gosh, no, Joe. So long, Bud. So long. Yeah, yes, mother. Are you coming up to bed now, dear? Yeah, I might as well. You, uh... You knew Bud about Trixie? Trixie? Do you realize you've never even asked about her? Oh, Trixie, that's right, I didn't. After all, she was your dog. And you know what they say about a boy and his dog. Oh, poor thing. When you didn't come back, she just wandered off. Oh, gee, that's tough, all right. And you didn't even ask about her. Oh, but I guess you can't be expected to remember everything. No, I guess I can't remember everything. I went upstairs to my room. It was just like Mr. Burl told me it would be. Everything seemed to have gone all right so far. I undressed and turned out the light. But before I got into bed, I locked the door. Just in case. For Suspense, Roma Wines are bringing you Donald O'Connor in The Visitor. Roma Wines' presentation tonight in Radio's Outstanding Theatre of Thrills. Suspense. Suspense, Radio's Outstanding Theatre of Thrills is presented by Roma. That's R-O-M-A. One of those better tasting Roma Wines. Every day, more and more hostesses are discovering a simple secret for successful entertaining. Whenever guests are invited, or just drop in unexpectedly, welcome them with a fine Roma California wine, such as Glorious Golden Amber Roma Cherries, Ruby Red Roma Port, or Mellow Roma Muscatel. And when you serve these delicious Roma Wines with cheese, fruit, or nuts, the informal get-together becomes a delightful party.  If you are planning to entertain this weekend, be sure to have better tasting Roma Cherries, Roma Port, and Roma Muscatel on hand. Then you'll be sure of pleasing everybody, because Roma Wines are America's favorite wines. And now Roma Wines bring back to our Hollywood soundstage Donald O'Connor as the visitor. In a play well-calculated to keep you in... suspense. Josh, I... I guess I'm kind of late for breakfast. Oh, that's all right, darling. We know you needed a sleep. Sit right in your old place. Yeah, well, sure.  Yes, really, bud. Except for the ears and something around the eyes, you've changed so that I can hardly recognize you. Now, look, here's the last picture before you went away. It's almost frightening the way you've grown. Oh, Judah, darling, you wouldn't want the boy to be a midget, would you? Sure, he's taller, but look at his hair the way he stands. Yeah, I sure was a goon. You should have been glad to get rid of me. Look, bud, what else I found? All your school compositions from the first grade on. Here's one you wrote on Alexander the Great.  Why, bud, I think this was very good for your age. When you wrote it. See, it's Mark B, so it can't be so terrible.  Oh, yes. Well, I'd better get off to the office. Drop in to see me if you have time, bud. Why, sure, father. I'll do that. Good, good. Goodbye, Judah, darling. I'll be home for dinner. Goodbye, David. How about some hot coffee, bud? Yes, thanks. Yes, Snooki. There's something important I want to discuss with you. It's about my will. Your will? You know how your father... Well, David is about my money, bud. He never wanted to touch it or even have me put him in my will. He's so proud about things like that and I do have so much more than he ever will. Well, sure. I remember. How much money is it anyway? Well, you know, bud, there's about $150,000. Your grandfather left. Then there were the four houses on Elm Street that Aunt Carolyn left and the income from them. I haven't used any of it. So it amounts to quite a lot by now. Oh, gosh, yes, it must have that. Well, after you left, even though David didn't want me to, I changed the will, leaving everything to him. Oh, I sure that sounds fine to me. Oh, yes, but now you're back. I think the best thing would be to just turn it all over to you now. Set up a trust fund. You could use the income when you start to college and later maybe you'd want to set yourself up in some kind of business. And I know it'll please David. But, Mother, gee, was it?  Wait for what, darling? Well, until you know me better. Well, I mean, oh, gosh, I would know what to do with all that money and maybe I'd miss things out. Oh, silly. The bank takes care of everything it always has for me. Now, all you have to do is to sign these papers here. I'm sorry, Mother, you see my hand at the bandage. Oh, isn't that a shame? I forgot you couldn't write. Well, it ought to be all right in a couple of days so I can take the bandage off. Oh, somebody's whistling for you, bud. My, that sounds like old times. Oh, it's Ellen and Joe. They're going to take me out and show me around the town. Well, I guess I'll have to face the music. You know you'll love it.  Yeah, I don't feel much like a hero now. It's real and you've grown but divine. Hey, hey, you're choking me. Oh, I've just been telling everybody you're back. It's too sensational. It's like having a new boy in town and do we need some? Oh, gosh, I shouldn't think you'd have any trouble while you're cuter than ever. Listen to him. He's got a line. Isn't that something? Bud, the best thing you ever called her before was buzzard egg. Oh, gosh, I called her something besides that once in a while. Oh, you did call her Mary Louise. Well, of course I called her that. Gee, it's well to see you, Mary Louise. You don't recognize me or aren't you? Gee, it's good to see you. How are you, anyway? Well, you're not too grown up to kiss old Mrs. Callahan the way you always did. I'll say I'm not Mrs. Callahan. Here. Oh, well, now that's better.  So don't let me catch you putting on airs. Oh, no, ma'am, I won't. Well, goodbye for now. What's the matter? Didn't you recognize her? Well, Mrs. Callahan? Well, of course I did. Well, then why don't you call her what you always used to? Couldn't you see she was sore? Well, I... Yes, I did. Bud, you used to call her Aunt Sealy. But I dare not refute the evidence of my senses. It's the Owen boy, Bud Owen. Why, I'm glad to see you, sir. I just saw your mother. Heard you were back. She told me she was bringing you down to my office in a day or two. Oh, yes, she told me. She's one in a million, young man. She thinks only of your welfare. I hope you've learned to appreciate her. Well, yes, sir, I have. Well, I just wanted to check on the news. And no nonsense, my boy.  Yeah, goodbye. What did he mean, no nonsense? Don't you know? Yeah, I guess so. Mother told me this morning we had to go to the lawyer's office. Oh, Bud. I've been waiting for you to outsmart yourself, and this is it. I don't get it. You sure don't, Bud. Give him a chance, Joe. Because it happens that's not Mr. Rady the lawyer, but Dr. Sterling the dentist. I talked fast and Ellen took my side, and we got Joe calmed down. But I knew he was going to watch me like a hawk from then on. That afternoon, Ellen, Joe, and Mary Louise got the really snazzy idea of going to the beach. My father knocked off work and drove us down sort of to celebrate my homecoming. Oh, it was really a hot day, so when we got there, the others made a beeline for the water. But I didn't because of my bandage tan. I stayed around the beach club near the pool. When it began to get dark, we all dressed and went down to White's restaurant for a seafood dinner. Then we walked out on the pier, the same pier where I was supposed to have been murdered. I remember I said something about taking the body back to where X marks the spot and everybody laughed. Oh, Bud. Hey, isn't it heavenly out here? Yeah. Gee, the breeze is swell. Well, Bud, it looks like you and Joe are right back where you were three years ago. Yes, I guess so, Father. This railings just where we stood, isn't it? When you and I had our fight? Yes, yes about. Hey, what's the... I get it, looking down at the water from up here. That shouldn't worry you, Ellen.  Now, me, I should really feel fun. Well, you're about ready to go home, children. I don't want Judith to worry. Yeah. Bud, wait a minute. Wait a minute, there are a couple of things I want to say. Everybody knew Bud Owen couldn't swim. That was why when you disappeared, they thought I'd pushed you off the pier and you drowned. Bud Owen couldn't swim. But this afternoon, when you thought we were all at a good, safe distance, I walked up to the beach club looking for you. And I saw you swimming in the pool. But I learned...  Well, start talking. Or do I do the talking to the cops? You've got to give me time. No one in this town should be glad to have Bud Owen come back than me. After all, I've taken plenty because he disappeared. Rather than letting Mrs. Cunningham be fooled. Well, that's what I mean, Joe. You've got to give me time to square things. Just a little time. You better move fast, brother. Now, Joe, no matter what you think you know, I haven't hurt anybody. Not yet. And if you give me time, maybe nobody will be hurt. I went to Mr. Burl the next morning and talked about everything. About how people were making cracks at him about the $10,000 reward. And the whole mess. I knew things were moving awfully fast, and I told Mr. Burley had to help me. That night when she finished her coffee, my mother said she was awfully tired. My father, David, saw her upstairs to bed. I looked out the window and saw Mr. Burl's car pull up to the curb in front of Ellen's house. I knew he was going to do everything he could, but by this time, I was scared. Well, at bedtime, my stepfather fixed some sandwiches and we drank some milk. Then he came up to my room with me and sat down to talk.  Yeah, I guess women like to fuss around and so forth. That's a fact, and there's no use opposing them. I guess that's right. By the way, what is your real name? Butto one. You don't need to be afraid of me. I've protected you so far. Why have you? I asked you first. What's your real name? Butto one. You're stubborn, aren't you? You know, at first, I thought you'd work this little scheme out all by yourself or with Burl. But there's someone else involved, isn't there? Who do you think? What about that bandage? Well...  Well, well, well. Not even a scar. I, uh, don't suppose you'd mind writing with it now that it's, uh, healed? No. I don't mind. What shall I write? Well, who?  Uh, here. Would you copy this, uh, this sentence, say, on the top of page three? Why not? Mm-hmm. And, uh, to make it a fair comparison, write your name. But Owen. Bud? Owen. Here you are. Hmm. So she taught you Bud's handwriting, too. Who did? My wife. Do you think I didn't know what was going on? Every move she made gave her away. Why is she in such a rush to change her will? I don't know. Why? She thought she was being so smart, trying to pass you off, trying to trap me. But I was one person who knew you were Bud. Yeah, what makes you so sure I'm not Bud? I know. Isn't that enough? I know. I see. Well, uh, don't you think we better get my, uh, my mother in on this? Yes. Yes. I think perhaps we better. She's, uh, she's asleep. She'll have to wake up. A mother. Mother? Well, she's... Mother! When I came to, I had an awful pain in my head. I was in my room on the bed, and Ellen and Joe and Mr. Burl were there. For a minute, I didn't know what had happened, and then I remembered, Mother! Where's my mother? She's all right, Bud. She's in the hospital. He gave her enough of those sleeping pills and, of course, but she's all right now. How do you feel, Bud? All right, I guess. Oh, it's a good thing you had us standing by tonight, son. Why, he had you trust up like a turkey. He was gonna hang you. Oh, gee, Mr. Burl, he must have been crazy. I guess he wanted to get us both out of the way before Mother could change that will. If we're crying out loud, Bud, why didn't you let me in on this? I thought... Oh, gee, I hated to do it, Joe, honest, but I had to. Somebody had to be the guinea pig. It was my idea, Joe. I sent the note to Mr. Burl. You really found Bud in that hash house? Yeah, but if you'd let me know... We knew that if Bud could fool you, if you thought he was a phony, he could fool everybody, even David Cunningham. Yeah, you see, Joe, for three years, I suspected that guy. He pushed me off the pier that night when I was only a kid. But I knew I was a kid, and it was just his word against mine, so I ran away. I kept putting off coming here, but I swore that someday I'd trap him, and tonight I did. Because when he said he knew I wasn't Bud Owen, I knew he thought he'd kill me. You took one whale of a chance tonight, Bud. He had you frame-pretty.  You strung up, and that suicide note you wrote propped up on the dresser. Suicide note? I just copied a sentence out of an old composition, something about Alexander the Great. Alexander the Great? Well, listen to this. It is terrible what awful crimes are done for greed and ambition, signed Bud Owen. Well, sure, well, you see, I was writing... What? I signed that? Holy... Well, that's about all. I didn't know how my mother would take it, having my stepfather to turn out to be such a heel. But once she got over the dope he slipped her, she was fine. As happy as a lark over me. And Joe and Ellen? They got married but quick. Marie Louise and I are going to get her now. I've been playing hard to get, but jeez, she can see through me in a minute. I guess I never could fool anybody. Suspense. The visitor starring Donald O'Connor presented for your enjoyment by Roma Wines. That's R-O-M-A. Roma Wines, America's largest selling wines. For a wine to give great enjoyment, it must have great quality, and that's precisely what you enjoy in better tasting Roma wine. The famous goodness of Roma wines stems from choicest California grapes. Gently pressed, then with age, old skills, and America's greatest wine making resources, Roma Master Ventners guide this grape treasure unhurriedly to taste perfection. These finer, better tasting Roma wines are laid with mellow Roma wines of years before. And from these, the world's greatest reserves of fine wines Roma later selects for your pleasure. So whenever you order wine, remember this. You're sure of better taste at moderate price when you ask for Roma. That's R-O-M-A. Roma Wines, enjoyed by more Americans than any other wines. Donald O'Connor may currently be seen in the universal international production Something in the Wind. Tonight's suspense play, the visitor is from the novel by Carl Randow and Leanne Zugsmith. Next Thursday, same time, you will hear Claire Trevor as star of Suspense. Produced and directed by William Spear for the Roma Wine Company of Fresno, California. This is CBS The Columbia Broadcasting System.


people listening that are thinking like okay so you guys are basically became the experts in some extent in lingerie what are some of the things that no one would know like what are like three or four things that you were like that you learned about the industry I would say that shocked you maybe that shocked us I would say it is not a seasonly it's not like a season-based where like people think it's like a Valentine's Day it's not it's an all-year round it's fine it's for yourself women buy so much more lingerie than they realize and gifted so much lawn more lingerie than they realize and they love lingerie so much more than they realize forty billion dollar annual industry


Now, six African countries, including Nigeria, will be the first on the continent to receive the technology needed to produce COVID vaccines. The technology transfer project launched last year by the World Health Organization is aimed at helping low- and middle-income countries manufacture COVID vaccines, according to international standards. MRNA is advanced technology used by companies such as Pfizer, BioNTech, PFE and others for COVID-19 shots. The World Health Organization announced on Friday that six African countries – Egypt, Kenya, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa and Tunisia – would be the first on the continent to receive the technology needed to produce MRNA vaccines. The technology transfer project, which was launched last year in Cape Town, aims to help low- and middle-income countries manufacture MRNA vaccines at scale and according to international standards. MRNA is used by companies including Pfizer, BioNTech and Moderna for their COVID-19 shots. WHO Director-General Tedros Adonam-Gebriasis said the COVID pandemic had demonstrated more than any other event. How reliance on a few companies to supply global public goods was both limiting and dangerous. More than 80 percent of the population of Africa is yet to receive a single dose. Much of this inequity has been driven by the fact that globally vaccine production is concentrated in a few mostly high-income countries. One of the most obvious lessons of the pandemic, therefore, is the urgent need to increase local production of vaccines, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The WHO established its global MRNA technology transfer hub after vaccine hoarding by wealthy countries and by companies that prioritized sales to governments that could pay the highest price. South African President Cyril Ramaphosa urged COVAX and GAVI to buy vaccines from local manufacturing hubs. The lack of a market for vaccines produced in Africa is something that should be concerning to all of us. Organizations such as COVAX and GAVI need to commit to buying vaccines from local manufacturers instead of going outside of those hubs that would have been set up to go and buy vaccines for distribution to the African continent again. Although primarily set up in response to COVID-19, the transfer hub could expand manufacturing capacity to tackle diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria in Africa. Training of the recipient countries will begin next month. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the United States and Mrs. Reagan, accompanied by Chancellor and Mrs. Cole. Mr. President, Mrs. Reagan, Air Bundeskanzler Frau Cole, is a special honor for me to welcome you to this American birthday party for Berlin. As you can see, Mr. President, from the enthusiastic reaction of the Berliners and the Americans here, our guests share my feeling that it is good to have you and Mrs. Reagan back in Berlin, the President of the United States of America. Thank you. Thank you all very much. And do I understand correctly? You say they've already heard me on that speech? Well, Chancellor Cole and Mayor Diebken and Ambassador Burt, ladies and gentlemen, it's an honor for me to be able to join you today at this 750th birthday party for the city of Berlin. I'm especially pleased to be here today because, well, it's not often that I get to go to a birthday party for something that's older than I am. To subject you to a second speech here, I keep thinking of a story of ancient Rome where, on a Saturday afternoon, the hungry lions were turned loose on the little group of people there in the floor of the Coliseum and they came charging toward them, and one individual stepped out of the group, said something very quietly, and the lions all laid down. Well, the crowd was enraged and horrified that they're going to be denied the show, and Caesar sent for the man who had spoken to the lions, and they brought him, and he said, what did you say to them that made them act like that? And he said, I just told them that after they ate, there'd be speeches. Well, let me begin by conveying the warmest greetings of the American people to all of you here today. While only a small fraction of the Berlin community can be here in this hall, our good wishes go to all the residents of this marvelous city, wherever they may live. And I am happy to see so many young people here this afternoon. There are two groups of local teenagers I would like to greet in a special way. The graduating classes of the Berlin American High School and of the city's John F. Kennedy School. Congratulations on a job well done. Well, this is a celebration for all of Berlin. For those of you in the east who are watching on television but unable to attend in person, you're here with us in spirit. The traditional banners of Berlin's twenty districts east and west around this hall remind me of the kinship that exists among all people of this city. By its very existence and character, Berlin remains the most compelling argument for an open world. We're reminded of the many traditions of openness and democracy that have marked the history of this city. America, missed me. America has a special relationship with Berlin that extends beyond formal political or economic ties. Like America, Berlin is a place of great energy. We see our own hopes and ideals mirrored in the energy and courage of Berliners and draw strength from our joint efforts here. This sense is symbolized by the nearly fourteen thousand American soldiers, airmen, and their families who live and work in close cooperation with Berliners to ensure the defense of our common goals. And let me make one point clear. Our troops will remain here as long as they're wanted and needed by Berliners to demonstrate to the other side that force and coercion cannot succeed. Several thousand other Americans from all walks of life make an important contribution to the business and cultural life of this city. We've joined the centuries-old tradition of Berlin and in a real sense we have become Berliners. A few moments ago here at Temple Hof, I shook hands with three men who testified of the way you Berliners and we Americans play such a proud role in each other's lives. Three former U.S. Air Force pilots, veterans of one of the most remarkable operations in modern history, the Berlin Airlift. On his flights, Colonel Gale Halverson taught small, candy-filled parachutes to the children of Berlin as his plane approached the Temple Hof runway. Yes, Colonel Halverson was one of the famous Rosine bombers, or bomber pilots who every Berliner of that generation still remembers with warmth and affection. Another Airlift veteran, Captain Jack Bennett, has many friends here today. He lives in Berlin. As for Colonel Alan Chilander, when the Soviets blockaded Berlin, Colonel Chilander had been back in civilian life for just eight months. He and his wife had an infant son and another child on the way. Those precious eight months were the first Colonel Chilander had been able to devote to his family since the long years of the war. Yet when called up for the Airlift, he never hesitated. Looking back on those days of constant hardship, of danger scorned, Colonel Chilander says simply this, we had a job to do and we did it. Well, in those few words, hear the understatement of a hero. I am especially pleased that Colonel Chilander and his son, who saw him only briefly before he returned to service to help fight the blockade and who is now my military, my own military aide, are both with us here today. I have met other heroes as well, German heroes of Berlin. Trimer Frauen, women who 40 years ago collected and cleaned bricks from the rubble to rebuild their homes, their churches, their schools, their very way of life. A scholar expelled by the Soviets from the city's old Humboldt University in the east, who then joined in founding what has become one of the world's major institutions of higher learning, the Free University of Berlin. A group of Rios employees of the first hour who helped us get the voice of freedom on the city's airwaves in those early post-war years and ever since. For 40 years, radio in the American sector has been a voice of freedom and an essential part of our continuing commitment to Berlin. And now we're taking another important step in German-American relations by moving forward to make Rios television a reality. I can't help but wonder if they will rerun Bedtime for Bonzo. An East Berlin border guard who decided to live in freedom rather than building a wall that removes even the most basic rights of freedom and self-government. Well then too, I have met Berliners whose actions speak with confidence of the city's present and future. A professor who has helped make Berlin one of the world's leading centers of research in the field of laser medicine. And the winners of the 1987 computer contest sponsored by the Berlin-USA Initiative. In each face, I've seen abiding pride in this city and its accomplishments. Indeed, there's been something deeply moving, something humbling about meeting these heroes of Berlin. I feel your pride in what you've done for your city, your zest for life, your confidence and hope from having overcome so many obstacles, and the strength of your commitment to overcome those that remain. You've demonstrated to the world the value of human liberty, and perhaps the courage of your example is the greatest gift you can give to us every day of our lives. Today when most Americans think of Berlin, they recall our post-war relationship with this city. And as we celebrate this 750th birthday, it's worth remembering that America's ties with Berlin go back many years. More than 20 American communities bear the name Berlin. Three of our founding fathers, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin and John Adams, negotiated a treaty of friendship and commerce with Frederick the Great in 1785, establishing a basis for the special relationship that we enjoy today. Americans were affected in other ways by this city when some of the best and brightest people active in Berlin came to the United States. Albert Einstein, George Gross, Arnold Schoenberg, Kurt Weill, Mies van der Rau, the list of former residents of this city who changed the face of modern America is practically limitless. All right, he has just told me, and now they want to create heaven on earth. And we celebrate with you today. Well, I thank you very much, and I wish you well. So we do celebrate with you today remembering the heroic deeds of these, all of them here on this platform and all Berliners and the long-standing relationship between our two countries. But let's not forget the painful lessons of the not so recent past and draw on those experiences. Together we can build a better future for this city, for Europe and for the world. And as we look toward the 21st century, the ideals the world associates with the free part of Berlin are gaining in recognition. History did not come to an end in 1945, and it will not do so now. Berlin is a city of the future. It stands as a beacon for freedom and shines brightly for all Berliners to see. In the name of the American people, I want to congratulate all three million Berliners on the occasion of your anniversary. And I'm proud to issue a presidential proclamation today honoring Berlin. Perhaps more than the people of any other city, you, the free people of Berlin, have demonstrated to the world the value of human liberty. So it is that we have so much to celebrate today. And so it is that on behalf of my nation, I thank you. Having witnessed your courage and determination for all these years, I am confident in extending the heartfelt best wishes of all Americans for your city's future. And for those of you here today who are with our armed forces and who are here, I want to tell you that nothing in the job I have has made me more proud than if you, the men and women wearing our military uniform. Mr. President, I now have the honor of asking you to present your official proclamation on the 750th anniversary of Berlin to the governing mayor, Eberhard Diebkamp.


I'll tell you when Donald Trump said that he could literally, you know stand down Fifth Avenue and shoot someone and get away with it He was so correct Like that's the truest statement that Donald Trump has ever said because even though he treats his own supporters terribly They will never abandon him There's a certain share of the population in this country who will never abandon Donald Trump no matter what even if he Personally abuses them. I mean we saw last week at a rally that was held at an airfield in Omaha, Nebraska Hundreds of his supporters were left stranded in freezing cold weather While they were waiting on buses to pick them up and take them back to their vehicles Some had to walk three miles because they couldn't take waiting any longer and others literally had to be taken by ambulance It was that cold and guess what this happened again But this time in Rome, Georgia because his supporters were once again left stranded after a rally while they were waiting on buses to Transport them back to their cars. So Trump didn't care He got in did the rally and left But believe it or not That's like the least a bad thing that he's done to his supporters in terms of things that he's done to harm his own Supporters because the worst thing that he has done is expose his supporters to COVID-19 Because he's holding these rallies. I believe on Monday He did 10 events in a day holding these rallies where people are in these really large crowds packed tightly together Nobody's wearing masks or a few people are wearing masks. They're cheering loudly spreading germs and guess what's happening They are being exposed to COVID-19 and you think that after one of his loyalists Herman Cain showed up to a rally contracted COVID-19 Presumably at that rally and died he would take this more seriously Acknowledged that he should at least care for the people who support him the most I mean, he doesn't care about taking this virus seriously because he doesn't care about Americans But the people who support you, you know in theory you'd care more about their health and well-being But he doesn't care so the question is how do we quantify the damage that these rallies are causing? How many people is he exposing to COVID-19 with these rallies? Well, the researchers at Stanford University attempted to find this out and they have determined that it is a lot of people Thousands are being exposed to COVID-19 and hundreds have died as a direct result of his rallies So as Jordan Williams of the Hill reports a new study from Stanford University found that 18 of president Trump's campaign rallies have led to over 30,000 confirmed coronavirus cases and likely led to over 700 deaths Researchers examined rallies held between June 20th and September 22nd only three of which were held indoors The researchers then compared to spread of the virus in the counties that held the rallies to counties that were on similar case trajectories Before the rallies occurred the authors concluded that the rallies increased subsequent cases of COVID-19 by over 250 infections per 100,000 residents They found that the events led to over 30,000 new cases in the country and likely resulted in over 700 deaths But recognized that the deaths were not necessarily among attendees quote our analysis strongly supports the warnings and recommendations of public health officials concerning the risk of COVID-19 transmission at large group gatherings Particularly when the degree of compliance with guidelines Concerning the use of masks and social distancing is low The authors wrote in the paper the communities in which Trump rallies took place paid a high price in terms of disease And death the study was published to pre-print platform SSRN on Friday. So using data from Cities where the rallies were held to other cities on similar trajectories. They were able to extrapolate and estimate that Hundreds of people died because of Trump rallies and this isn't super surprising and sure they're not Directly confirming that these cases are linked to Donald Trump But the data is sound because when you look at these videos and you you just see them It's common sense like of course more and more people are going to contract COVID-19 Especially assuming that Trump supporters aren't taking this seriously to begin with they're not wearing masks They're not, you know, social distance distancing that they're pretending like it's not a thing They think that it's Exaggerated they think that the number of deaths is being overinflated when in actuality. It's probably a lot larger And it's just you know You think again that he would care the most about the people who are the most loyal to him But he doesn't and he genuinely enjoys these rallies and he thinks that this is going to help him because it shows How enthusiastic his supporters are in comparison with, you know, Joe Biden supporters who aren't very enthusiastic Look at his crowd sizes So he wants to try to gin up some sort of excitement Knowing that he needs anything to help him cross that finish line and as a result his own supporters are paying because of it But I mean they're willingly exposing themselves right by going to these rallies where nobody's social distancing when you know You're going to be in a crowd.   I mean, it's sad like I don't want people to have to take the virus seriously only after They've gotten it or know a loved one who died because of it but unfortunately some people like they don't wake up until it's too late and Trump is endangering his own supporters for political purposes and you know, it's disgusting, but It's their own fault too, right? You can't only blame Donald Trump because they are willingly showing up to these events Even though Donald Trump is leaving them stranded and exposing them to COVID-19 and they're exposing each other to COVID-19 I mean, it's like they're suckers for punishment and they like it. So whatever. I mean anything for Daddy Trump This is what happens when you're in a cult you do anything for dear leader Even if it means that you're hurting yourself physically directly You could support the humanist report at patreon.com Slashed humanist report, but trust me I'd have way more supporters at patreon if that was my podcast sad


There will never be a perfect time. The perfect time is always now because your comfort zone is where your dreams go to die. You have to jump off the ledge and know that the parachute will open. You can't open the parachute before you jump off the ledge.    Now, why? Why do we want to do this?  And Will Smith said something amazing he said, God puts everything amazing on the other side of fear.   It all is on the other side of fear. It's all outside of your comfort zone.  There's only one thing in this world that you should fear. The only thing that you should fear is fear. Yes, you heard me right. Fear, fear. Don't fear anything else. Fear, fear.   The only thing that really scares the crap out of me is not living a life fully lived, is getting to my death bed and seeing that I could have done more and wishing that I could have done more to make my life better, everyone else's life's better and life's better in the world's life better if it's possible for me. So the only thing that I'm truly afraid of is fear. Cause I know fear is one of the worst things in the world. If every person in this world was able to step out of their comfort zone and was able to get past their fears, think of how amazing this life would be, how amazing this world would be. If we all just got past our fears and created the perfect version of our lives.  And for most of us, it's our biggest critic. It's the one that says you can't do that. You're not smart enough. You're not pretty enough. You're not enough, period. You're not fit enough. You're not worthy of success. You're not worthy of love. Go back to bed. Don't work out today. Sleep in. Ah, you should take a nap in the middle of the day. Don't make those cold calls. Hey, you know what you should do? Sit on Instagram for an hour. Don't get off the couch.   Nothing else. It's not the economy. It's not the president. It's not your spouse. It's not your parents. It's not your past. It's not anybody else around you.  And it keeps us in our comfort zone. Why is it? Because I like to, if you've been listening to me for a while, you've heard me say this before, but I like to look at everything that's happening to me present day and holding me back and my clients back and people who I've coached back as if it was a million years ago. And we're talking about cavemen and cavewomen and go, why is this thing? Why does fear, why does it exist inside of us? Let's rewind back to a million years ago. And fear is what kept our species alive. And I like to think back to cavemen, right? Your comfort zone is basically the modern day equivalent of a cave. Why do tribal people go inside of caves because there's only one entrance and one exit? You are completely protected around it. So inside of this cave, you're safe. You're safe inside of this cave. You don't have to worry about death. You don't have to worry about attack. You don't have to worry about anything because you're safe inside of this cave. But the moment you step out of the cave is where you have the possibility of attack and the possibility of death. So now you have to rise over the past two million years, million years, our brains haven't changed that much.   It's called the amygdala. And the amygdala creates fear so that you can stay safe. So it creates the fear because your brain only cares about safety. And if it only cares about safety, it only cares about actually keeping you alive. It doesn't care if you're happy. It doesn't care if you're successful.  It doesn't care about any, it doesn't even care if you're happy. It cares about your survival. And so the amygdala, because of the fact that you don't have to worry about being attacked by a lion, the amygdala creates fears to keep you in your comfort zone, aka your cave. Because we have the feeling of if I step out of my comfort zone, I might be out of safety. I might not be as safe outside of my comfort zone as I am inside of my comfort zone, which is the same as I might not be as safe outside of the cave as I am inside of the cave. And so what do we do? We create a mental cave, a comfort zone to stay in.   Make sense? And so when you understand the way your brain works, you can start to make plans to get past it.  And most people don't look at it is because when you can understand the way the brain works, then you can work past it and make plans to get yourself out of your comfort zone, to get past your fears, to stop worrying. So that's why the little voice inside of our head exists. The little voice inside of our head exists to keep us inside of our comfort zone, inside of our cave, so that we don't have to worry about death.   But once again, that reptilian part of your brain, the old, old, old, old part of your brain that still exists, doesn't know that. So what do we do? Now that we know what exists, we know how it exists, we know why it exists, what do we do?  That's what we do. Hey, if you're enjoying this video, do me a favor and hit that like button down below. It helps with the YouTube algorithm so that more people can see this message because it helps us get it out organically. So hit that like button and I appreciate you.  Whenever it pops up and says, you shouldn't do this, whatever that thing is, you have to go at it full force. I notice it all of the time.  I'm like, God, I gotta do the freaking dishes. I didn't want to do the damn dishes, but now I gotta do the dishes. Okay, fine, I'll do the dish.  I'm like, now I gotta work out because when that little voice pops up, the only way to get rid of it is to go through it. So it shows me what I need to work on. Okay, looks like I gotta work out today. I wake up, go brush my teeth, get myself ready. The bed's right there, the bed's unmade.  Now I gotta make the freaking bed because I've got to do, I've got to consistently do what that little voice tells me not to do. I've got to go through it. The only way out is through. And so whenever the voice pops up, I gotta do it. If it tells me I shouldn't work out, I've gotta work out. If it tells me I shouldn't make the bed, I've gotta make the bed.  I'm like, I can't wait till later. I've got to do it now. The little voice says, hey, don't make cold calls. I gotta sit down and make 50 freaking phone calls. Why?  If the little voice says, hey, go back to sleep, I wake up.  The only way out is through. And when you notice the little voice, you must go against it. Whatever it tells you to do, you must go against it. If it tells you you're not good enough, you better find a way that you are good enough. If it tells you that you're not smart enough, you need to start thinking of ways that you're smart. If it tells you're not pretty enough, you need to go look at yourself in the mirror and talk about all the beautiful things that you love about yourself. Whatever it tells you, you have to go at the exact opposite. If it tells you you're not fit enough, you need to go and tell it how you're going to work out every single day. And you're gonna do whatever it is that you need to do, create the help that you need to. If it tells you to go back to sleep, you've gotta wake up.  And I'm gonna tell you why. You don't negotiate with your mind.  It is amazing for keeping you alive. But it's terrible if you allow it to run your life. So you've gotta literally go through whatever it is. The only way to get rid of it is to try to defeat it. There is no other option.  You can't think your way out of it. The only way to do it is through action.  It pops up and says, hey man, hit the alarm. Go back to sleep, no big deal. You don't have to do anything for the next 15 minutes. Sleep in. And when that voice pops up, all right, looks like I've gotta wake up. And the little voice says, hey man, just take a warm shower today. You deserve it. You've taken cold showers for a long time. I'm like, you know what, I've got to take a cold shower. I don't take a cold shower because I love cold showers. I take cold showers because I consistently need to do things that I don't enjoy doing to then prove my mind wrong and to take control over it. If it doesn't suck, we don't do it, right? So you've got to figure out a way to go through it.  There's a book by Ryan Holiday called The Obstacle is the Way. Basically the synopsis of the entire thing is this.  So if that little voice says, Rob, don't work out today, then I have to work out because the perfect version of me is on the other side of that workout. If it says don't make cold calls today, I've got to make 50 phone calls. Why? Because it's on the other side.   It's obvious. Once you see it, you can't unsee it. The obstacle is the way. You cannot listen to it. You cannot negotiate with it. You have to go through the obstacle. You have to go through the little voice. The only way out is through, through the obstacle.  Let me say that again.    Because there will never be a perfect moment. You can't wait till you're ready because you'll never actually be ready. You have to jump off the ledge and know that the parachute will open. You can't open the parachute before you jump off the ledge. You've got to jump. And that's the only way to do it. The only way out is through. There will never be a perfect time. The perfect time is always now because every time will be imperfect. So if you're thinking to yourself, oh, I've got to wait because I'm not ready yet. Oh, I've got to wait because I've got to do X, Y, Z. Now is the time. It shows you the obstacle that's in front of you. And the obstacle is your mind. And the only way is through that obstacle. You have to literally seek discomfort.  And here's the thing. I know that if you're listening to this, if you're watching this, whatever it is, however you're consuming this piece of content, you want more. You know that you have more potential in you. So you don't wanna stay in your comfort zone. You've got to push yourself outside of your comfort zone. If you don't do anything different, your life will not change. You will get the exact same life day after day after day after day. Today will look like yesterday. Tomorrow will look like today. It'll be the same day every single day like Groundhog Day, it'll just be a different date. And if you fast forward 10 years, you'll be in the exact same place. I know that some people listening to this right now are in the exact same position that they were 10 years ago. And the reason why is because they haven't done anything different with their days every single day.  It's like Einstein says, you do the same thing over and over again and expect different results as insanity. Your life isn't gonna change unless you change.   Even if you're an old dog, we can teach you new tricks. There's something called neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity means your brain will actually be able to change. You can change your brain through work and through repetition. You can create a new version of you if you just start today and work at it for the next month, two months, three months, six months, one year. You can be a completely different person, a completely different version of yourself. It's called neuroplasticity. Your brain changes by doing different things. If you do the same thing day in, day out, day in, day out, day in, day out, your brain doesn't change at all throughout the day.  I always say the brain is like a plastic bag. If you pull a plastic bag, it will never go back to the same size. It will always be the new size that you pulled it to. It's not like a rubber band where if you pull a rubber band, it goes back to where it was.  If you pull a plastic bag, it will never go back to the same size that it was before. And through neuroplasticity, the new things that you do makes new neural connections inside of your brain, which means that there's new thoughts, new patterns, new feelings that come up from that.  Do something different. Hang out with different people. Take a different way to work. Stop talking to the same people. Start talking with new people at work. Start reading new books. Start eating at different places. Eat different types of food. Don't go home and make the exact same thing and watch the exact same shows.   And that's the amazing thing about the human brain that people don't realize. If I'm being honest with you, that's actually what my entire course is about that's coming out, is literally how to change your brain. How to change it from this is who I am and this is my brain, to this is who I want to be and this is the brain that I'm gonna need to have in order to create that. It's called neuroplasticity.   You're creating a new version of yourself, a new brain, new neural connections, all of that.  If you change your thoughts, you change your feelings. If you change your feelings, your feelings will either make you take action or not take action because if you don't feel good, you don't take action. If you feel great, you take action towards what it is that you want. So your thoughts create your feelings.  Your thoughts create your feeling.  If you get better results, your life gets better. If you get the same results, your life stays the same. If you get worse results, your life never changes.  The obstacle is the way.  When it tells you not to work out, you've gotta work out. When it says not to make the bed, you've gotta make the bed. When it says not to make the phone calls, you gotta make the phone calls. When it tells you not to go up and ask that pretty girl out, you've gotta go up and ask that pretty girl out.  And then you realize, looking back that your comfort zone is massively expanded from where it was and when your comfort zone expands, you expand and your capabilities expand. Your life expands, your results expand and you're in a completely different situation six months a year, five years, 10 years than you are right now. But it doesn't happen unless you take that little voice inside of your head and go through it. Cause that little voice is showing you what it is that you need to work on.  Hey, thanks so much for watching this video. If you wanna learn even more about mastering your mind, click right here and watch this video as well. Ring, ring, ring.  I will literally be here forever. How many times have you not been there for yourself?